The Express. — London, England, 1852-01-23 00:00:00

ght erprefSiS. TO CORRIIISPONDENTS. onnoud $Olll. Tko taproot," nestaintan •ht rum soonlogeo " 04031.1m0t own y Tentiny an 1 Vrldny • jbt. to UW ON pot. 4.l.ootiononsin latotole 1 kw " TD. Eaves's," Wagon Evening peon. out be at the t like, 10, linovorto-otrost, 0, Two u eloa on Um tlny of publication. MON WATILD AT LONDON RIUDON. DM D.,—llleralwa, ih.lifix..—...Alsgasis. 11". Our u: 3:. ii: 10W. LONDON, FRIDAY, JANUARY 23. TttE most dangerous opposition, the most serious peril to Louis NAPOLEON will, in our opinion, pro ceed from that very clam which he has taken most pains to favour and to make his friend. That clam sonsists of the monied men, the people possessed of capital. those who suffered more than all others by the resolution of IN-IN, who were mulcted and menaced by the socialists, and who, even under the republic which they dominated, telt too uneasy and insecure to speculate or turn their fortunes to any advantage. Lorts Nsrou.os's government, it es very evident, does its utmost to please this clam, and to profit by it. They have but to ask in order to have. And whatever laws, monopolies, prohibitions, grunt of public works, or favour they may require. they are certain to obtain. In return, they have but to profess Bonapartism in lieu of Orloanism, to ! exercise their influents: through the Elysiv rather than through the Chamber. 'fo keep their factories is activity, public works contracted for, the popula tion employed, the exchange free from panic—all this the monied ease arc expected to do. But, after all, if there is one thing more than another that ill comports with despotism, it is money. It demands a free and a fair play that no favour, no protection, can give it; and its prosperity is to be procured by that total absti nence from interference t hat despotism, and, above all, igneratit despotism can never reconcile itself to. Take fur example, the greet sugar question, so important' and difficult a one at present in all European com munities. The Assembly, lately dissolved, discussed the question with great attention and care, and passed a decree, which they considered just to the consumer, and a compromise between conflicting interests. 'fins decision, solemnly come to after long debates in the National Assembly, has been cancelled by one stroke of the dictator's pen. " We" understand sugar and the sugar duties better than the represen tatives of the people. And Lolls NAPOLEON or Monsieur DE MOUNT accordingly issue their ukase about sugar, just as the Om might legislate on the matter of tallow or of twist. What great commercial community could tolerate this. No doubt the change will benefit some. But it is equally clear that it must prove prejudicial to others And the numbers hurt by privileges or favouritism in legislation arc infinitely more nume rous than those who are benefited or obliged. The same may be said in dealing with capitalists of tel kinds. If a railroad or a loan be given to Mr. ROTHSCHILD, out of which he makes an enormous premium, all the monied public is wronged. If it be taken to another than Mr. ROTWICHILD, Mr. Itoritsenttn deems himself wronged. There is but one way of escaping obloquy and enmity of this kind. It is to have a government responsible to • representative assembly. And in this manner only an a government meet conflicting and powerful exigencies. In countries such as France and England at pre aent are, where so much is to be done, where so much is expected, where there must be so many errors, and where the very acts that are most beneficial necessarily work so much individual harm, there is no prince, no minister, no government, that could bear the inevitable odium, and the weight of inevita ble failures, unless it could shift responsibility on the broad shoulders of the public itself, and of the public representatives. What despot could have given ' as reform, repealed our corn laws, or emancipated Roman catholics A celebrated writer of our age, CARLYLY, has placed all his hopes in the advent of a great man, with dictatorial powers, with discern ment to see what was required, firmness and ability to accomplish it. It was impossible for speculative politicians to make a greater mistake. A dictator may do for poor, undeveloped, grovelling people, that want to be taken by the hand, delivered from the weight of an aristocracy, or defended against foreign foes. But a rich, developed, varied, dissentient, moire multitude would tolerate no such state phy sician, who would but vainly attempt to tamper with their complicated ills, and vainly look for force to do it withal. There never has occurred an instance of an ad vanced, developed, wealthy, and active nation ever submitting to a regular despotism. The Czar Nl ellot.as reigns uncontrolled because his realm is poor. Austrian despotism lives on a little longer for the ammo reason. l'ut Frankfort or Hamburg under a despotic naynne, and we should soon see their rich men leave them, their speculations subside, and their trade dwindle away. When a police minister can send his myrmidons into a stock exchange, who take all the sellers and pack them off beyond the frontier in exile, because they were i willing to part with public securities at a low price, there s an end of money dealings or commercial enterprise in that country. 1.01:13 NAPOLEON'S system of government is Prince SCHWAIMENSF.RO'S without the decorum. We will not at present speak of its insolent espionage and interference with the social meetings of the better classes, it. proscription of the educated, and suppression of all their organs and all their publica tions. We will not speak of its cruel dragonnades of the peasantry, its wholesale deportation of the ignorant and the educated together, without trial, or Indeed without a crime. We say that even if all these could be overlooked and pardoned by the classes they affect, yet the tyranny and interference, the dishonest favouritism and more dishonest spoliation, that will befall the monied and commercial classes from a govern. sent that must be needy and which is responsible only to the mob of a barrack yard—these alone would, in no considerable length of time, destroy it. Or, if th e military government moored; the commercial pro sperity and persevering activity of the country would disappear, and thereby spread a discontent in all classes that no army could suppress. There is no country in the world in which the monied class, an it arose, has not contrived to fling up entrenchments and raise bulwarks around it to protect property, not merely landed property, but commercial, floating, industrious wealth. But what ever exists of this in France is for the moment ut terly defenceless and completely at the mercy of a government of adventurers and spendthrifts, which an the hour of necessity would no more respect the Bourse or the Grand Lirre, the treasury deposits or the savings bank funds, th an the most Multi° com munist that ever frightened the unfortunate slaves of order. DURING the controversy that has now been so many weeks pending between the machine manufac turers and their empiurgs, the interests of one clue of men, though terribly implicated in the result of the struggle, appear to have been totally overlooked. Nothing has been said, and little seems to have been thought, by either party of the " noweeekity men." Yet the fate that was to overtake these Work men ought surely to have found place . in the anew sion. In number they were greater—it is said talks proportion of more than two to one—than the WWI. hers of the Amalgamated Society ; in skill they wen not inferior; and their destinies were equally bona up with the general prosperity and continuum d employmei!t, or rather, indeed, far more so, sinew they could not in time of destitution fall back upon the supplies contained in that military chest, whose stored treasure so much encouraged the pertinacity of Mr. NiterroN's disciples. The Amalgamated Society having personal objects to gain; having vanity and consistency at stake; and having, who knows? some dazzling prospect in view of securing to themselves the masters' share of profit in addition to their own, by some to-be-in vented device for newly "organising labour,"—natu rally enough ignored the claim and looked very un feelingly on the sufferings of their fellow-workmen. There has, in fact, for a long time, been something more than coldness between the two elutes. The members of the society were piqued at the refusal of their companions to cast in their lot with them; and the " unattached' workmen viewed the ings of the society with the natural fear ang r ors e ll.e . which all must feel when men in all respects their equals assume the possession of exclusive rights and interests. We mi consequently in no way sur e (prised to find that neither Mr. Newsom in kis speeches, nor the Amalgamated Society by their' acts, testified the slightest regard for the companions, whose very subsistence they were coameonsising. We were, however, both surprised and grieved- to find that the employers .testified an equal unconcern. The non•society men were void 'of offence towards them. Nay, by declining to become members, by absenting themselves from the meetings, and withholding their signatures ' from the manifestoes of the Executive Council, they had decidedly deserved well of the master manufac turers. Yet, though not associated with the crime of the Amalgamated Society, they have borne more than their share of its punishment. The employers have visited with the mono measure of retribution the guilty and the innocent, their enemies and their friends. Who, then, can wonder that the latter have at last shown some degree of resentment at the in justice to which they have been subjected? Against their interest ; against, as we believe, their secret sympathies, we find them now beginning to make common cause with their brethren of the society. At a meeting numerously attended, recently held in Laiubeth, a resolution enjoining the non•society men to use every effort in their power to favour an amicable settlement of the question was rejected, and an amendment, pledging them to ac cept "nothing less than the Amalgamated Society, do," was earned unanimously. Prudence as well as kindness might have impelled the employers to make some distinction between members and non-members when they found the controversy with the Amalgamated Society coming to extremities. The fact that a good two-thirds of the hands had given no adhesion to the pronismeia- Intent° against piece-work and overtime, was at once most gratifying in itself, and afforded the masters a ready means of keeping all their manufacturing operations fully going, or nearly so, while proving their perfect independence of all dictation from the men. Misled, as we fear, by harsh feelings, the prin cipals have foregone this wise and still available course. Closing their workshops inexorably and indefinitely, they have involved in suffering vast multitudes who have never deserved it, and have, besides, afforded to the Amalgamated Society an immediate triumph in the consciousness of having caused all the mischief they threatened and hoped to inflict. Even now, we hope, it is not too late for the em- ployers to rescind their determination. Why should not the firms whose vast forges, in London or Man chester, are now cold and silent, re-open their doors to the bands who have never belonged to, or will abjure, the Amalgamated Society? Work is to re commence, they promise, as soon as the " notices" I are withdrawn by the men. What is to prevent their beginning at once with such men as have not signed the notices or sworn allegiance to the Executive Council on whew authority they were issued? Prac tical difficulties may perhaps stand somewhat in the way. It may not be cue, or even possible, to work successfully with a skeleton corps of men. But the experiment is at all events worth trying. The damage will probably be less; and the chances of a speedy and satisfactory termination to the dispute will be much enhanced by such a proceeding. Not only will the masters thereby perform an act of justice to thousands of innocent men, but they will deprive the Amalgamated Society of its great stimulus in obstinacy, by showing that its power to stop produc tion isnotsogreatas it expected. With the workshops once more open, moreover, a locus penitenti-e will be offered to all members of the society whom want, dissatisfaction, or a returning sense of propriety may inspire with a wish to resume their labours. Before the "strike" has lasted long we think it matter of certainty that such desertions will bo numerous. If the masters are wise, they will take care to keep places open where the deserters may find refuge; nor, under the circumstances, does it seem that the terms upon which they are to be allowed to resume their duties need be made too severe. SPAIN. The Madrid Gazette, of the 17th, contains a royal decree, accepting the resignation of General de Ler sundi as Minister of War, and appointing General E•pelets to be his successor. The Clamor Public*, of the same date, announces that M. Ordonea has accepted the appointment of political governor of Madrid. The Rpm-a states that the Royal Council has closed its deliberations on the subject of tho qualifications for titles of nobility in Spain. It is recommended that in future no person shall be made a grandee of Spain who has not a net income of 73,000 fr. per annum, and that to be a count or baron there shall be a propertj qualification of 2, ,000 fr. per annum. By a decree of the Queen, M. Martinez de la Rosa, and the Dukes of Villa Hermosa and Rivas arc appointed members of the Royal Academy of Beaux Arts of St. Ferdinand. A Madrid letter, of the 17th, states that Queen Christina had invited M. Isturitz to dine with her, on the 18th, but had not invited the ministers. The Herald° and Clamor Public* were again seized on the 17th for some remarks upon the government. The radials of the canton of Berne have at lut come to an agreement to demand that the present government, which is conservative, shall be dismissed, and be replaced by a radical one. As the radicals are in the majority, this demand is not contrary to the constitution. The government was elected for four years, only two of which have expired. ITALY. MODENA. By a decree of the 12th, the Modenese govern ment has diminished the duties on goods introduced into the state through the ports of the l)uchy of Musa by half; and subjected leather of Modeneas manufacture to a stamp duty previous to its ezpor- NAPLES. NAPLES, JAN. 14. Now that the first flush of excitement, occasioned by the late events of France, is over, the Neapolitan government is trembling with fresh alarm—there are worse things in the world than Lord Palmerston and a French republic, viz., the restoration of the ' empire. Every poet brings a hint of coming events, all of which point to Pizzo, the grave of Murat. The ghost of that dashing soldier-king has still a party m Naples. The name of Murat is cherished by many with affection. The Bourbons have done little to in dace the Nmpolitass to forget the popular rule of the Frenchman, although a long peace has been Witty favourable to domestic prosperity. hat is now called " . quiet " in the king dom of the Two Sicilian is nothing more than handcuffed rebellion. No ono familiar with the present state of the Italian Peninsula can doubt for one moment the facility with which a handful of French could march from the frontiers of Piedmont to the toe of the boot, using their ever abused banner of Liberty as a blind. Who can my , such a move may not be attempted? And in that I case the Neapolitan Bourbons would again turn to Austria and England for support. But surely the people of England will never again pay for a long war to put perjured despotism on the throne! As far as I can learn, Lord Granville's appoint ment to the Foreign-office is, by'no means acceptable to the court of Naples. His lordship has declared that no change will take niece in our foreign policy, and that we shall continue to cultivate the friendship of France. What is wanted here is a government in England which would violate our traditional hospi ' tality and hunt the political refugees out of London ; the confined despotism of Europe having closed every country against them, they would.be obliged to go to America. The Neapolitan government seems to be never I tired of answering Mr. Oladstone's "Two Letters." A new pamphlet has appeared, without name or im print, entitled " Brevi nsposte elle Lettere di Sir W. E. Gladstone indiritto al Conte Aberdeen." A short ifreface tells the book is wntten by " A Neapoli an " I can find nothing worth translating, it is I simply stupid and rambling. GREECE. Frankfort letters of tho 13th state that intelli genee had been received from Athens of tho serious illness of King Otho. A grand hill which was to have taken place at the court of Darmstadt had been countermanded in consequence. THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY • FRANCE, _ • - CHANGES IN THE MINISTRY. MINISTRIES OF STATE AND POLICE THE ORLEANS FAMILY CANNOT HOLD PROPERTY IN FRANCE PAYMENT OF TILE LEGION OF HONOUR. (BY SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH.) FROM OUR OWN CORRIMPORDINT. PARIS, RUM MOllllll.lO. Do Moray and Fould leave the ministry•, and are replaced by do Persigny, Abbattueei, and Binean; the last takes the finances. De Maupas is gazettei as Minister of Police. Another new ministry, named Ministry of State, is created, and occupied by Casablanca. A decree is promulgated which enacts that the members of tho Orleans family, their husbands and consorts, and descendants, cannot possess any pro perty (moveable or immoveable) in France. They are bound to sell them within the year, and in de fault they will be sold by the domain. Another decree cancels the donation made by Louis Philippe on the ith August to his children, and enacts that their properties, of about two hundred millions of francs, shall be employed as follows: - . Ten millions to societies of amours notruclr. Ten millions to the improvement of the lodgings fur the working classes. Ten millions to the establishment of a credit fourier. Five millions to a benefit fund for the poorer clergy. All the officers, sub-officers, and soldiers in active ser vice will receive, according to their rank in the Legion of Honour. The Legionary, 250 francs ; the Officers, 500 francs; Commanders, 1,000 francs ; Grand Officers, 2,000 francs; Grand Crosses, 3,000 francs. A national palace will serve for an establishment for the education of orphans and families whose heads have obtained a military medal, which entitles them to a pension for life of 100 francs. The palace of Severn will serve as an asylum to the widows of high functionaries, civil as well as military who have died in the service of the state, and the state is charged with payment of their debts. Civil list of last reign [sic]. The dowry of 31)0,000fr. granted to the Duchess of Orleans is maintained. The President renounces all claim respecting con fiscations pronounced in 1814 and 1813 against Bo naparte families. The decrees are countersigned by tho minister of state Casablanca. PARIS. THVESDAY EVENING. The retirement of M. do Morny from the ministry is announced to me this afternoon as certain. I understand that he will leave the ministry of the interior to-morrow ; and that M. de Persigny will be installed in his place. The decree which has been talked so much about is expected to appear, signed by M. do Per signy, in the Ifonifeur of to-morrow. I bear that the confiscated property of the Orleans Emily will be ap plied to the endowment of the hospitals and charitable establishments of France. I as- same this, however, to be merely the destination of a portion of the property to be confiscated. The fall at the Bourse is traceable to this news, at which the political circles are in a state of com plete stupefaction. Great precautions are taken for the suppression of disturbances in case any . should break out. The soldiers are to be consigned to barracks, and to be ready to act at • moment's notice. A greater number of sergens-de ville than usual are visible on the boulevards, although of course the news I give is not of a nature to be widely known. Still you may meet here and there groups of persons of the upper classes evidently engaged in listening to some important communication, which is delivered with suppressed emphasis by ono of the party. There are not wanting persons who suppose that the appearance of the decree may cause an outbreak and more fighting. But people do not usually fight upon arguments of this sort; and if the bourgeoisie of Paris declined to take up arms in order to defend the Assembly, simply because the members of that body were supposed to be more interested about preserving their sfr. than about any good for the nation, still less will they build barricades to save royal rents from going out of the country. Probably mention will be made of the Aosperes in the decree, for the sake of masking with a charitable object an odious spoliation. With regard to the conqultation of lawyers on the question of the sequestration of the property of the Orleans family, lam able to assure you that the opinion of M. Tests is unfavourable to the pro. posed measure. You are aware that the origin of the possessions of the younger branch was an ap panage settled by Louis XIV. upon his brother the Duke of Orleans. 'I he income derived from this dotation was 2,700,000 fr. The property gradually in , creased, till in the hands of Louis Philippe it became worth seven millions a year. It is now held that however lawful it may have been for this prince to make over his private domain to his own children previous to accepting the French crown, he had no right whatever to dispose in this way of the ori ginal appanage settled upon the ancestor of the younger branch be Louis XIV. This portion of the property is therefore claimed as belonging to the state. Much of it was taken possession of as a part of the royal domain by the Emperor, and dis tributed by him to several members of the imperial family. Such chateaux and estates, it is reported will now be given back to the Bonaparte'. Still all such reports must be accepted with reserve. Great agitation reigned to-day in the Bourse. Tho enormous fall of 2fr. 35c. in the Threes is owing to the news contained in the commencement of this letter. By the replacement of M. do Morn? by M. de Persigny, you are to understand that violent coun sels have prevailed over moderate with the Presi dent. No one can in fact foresee to what lengths a cabinet headed by M. do Persigny may not g o. Ile is the only person who possesses the least influence over the obstinate and inflexible 'character of Louis Napoleon. In consequence of M. de Morny's circular to the prefects, which announced that government functionaries would be excluded from the Corps Legislatif, it was supposed that the moderate part of the cabinet had carried the day, as the absolutists were for craming the people's chamber with dependents of the administration. But the preponderance of the mo derate ministers seems to have been merely me meutary. Among the new senators talked of are M. de Tal leyrand, Duke do Valence, the Duke do Crean, brother of the Prince de Bauvesu, the Marquis de Belbeuf, M. Lupin, and others. Marshal Jerome Bonaparte is to be honorary president of the Senate; but the effective president or vice-president, it is said, will be M. Baroche. M. Bdthmont has refused a seat in the Council of State. M. do Chasseloup-Laubat, Charles Lupin, Lacoste, Maurice Duval, Maillard, and Paravey, are talked of u likely to be enrolled in the Council of State. The l'ays has an article headed " Credit Fancier," which looks like the forerunner of some bold finan cial measure. It praises the system of Law, and makes an apology for the assignats. " Law's measure,' it says, "but for a panic, would have been the moat brilliant operation of modern times." The assig nata were based upon questionable security, beside, which, the Pays admits that they were issued in too great quantity. The government has, it ap pears, employed a special commission to frame a scheme for tho establishment of branch banks of issue upon a large scale, with the view of expand ing credit and facilitating loans to all clams of proprietors, merchants, and tradesmen. Yesterday, ibe President visited the works in pre parities at the 'nineties. The passage through the court was stopped. The 59th denivereary of the death of Louis XVI., was celebrated yest erda y by what are culled " black masses," which were performed in the expiatory chapel of the Rue d'Anjou, at Notre Dame des Victories, at the Madeline, and other churches. At St. I)enis a grand funeral solemnity was performed. Letters from Naples, of the 12th instant, announce that the Duchess d'Aumale was safely delivered, on the evening of the 11th, of a prince, who has re ceived the name of the Duke de Guise. Madame George Sand, having been arrested in the department of the lndre-et-Loire, where she had taken up her residence, has gone to Brussels, where, it is said, she intends to conduct a new review, jointly with M. Victor lingo. There is to be a branch from tho Paris and Bor deaux Railway to Pcrigueuse, which will join the main lino at Montmoreau. The members of tho working associations talk of emigrating. The Moniteur contains three decrees providing for the formation of committees which are to determine the price of purchase of the privileges attributed to the three companies of the canal de Bourgogne, of the junction-canal of the Rhone and Rhine, and of the Quatre-Canaux.. Another decree enables sugar-refiners to receive finished sugars of every origin, duty free, from the day on which the works of defecation are terminated up to the 31st of August next. By another decree the duty upon tobaccoes of foreign manufacture, differing from cigars and ciga rettes, is fixed at 10fr. the kilogramme. Such tobac coes are permitted to be imported to the amount of 10 kilogrammes for each person to whom they arc addressed. Two other decrees authorise the departments of the Finisti , re and the l'as de-Calais to contract loans for the execution of roads and other works. The most important of the.. decrees is that relating to the Quatro Canaan and the other canal companies, whose shares are to be valued by com mittees, and bought up by the government. This will entail an enormous expense upon the state, and the gratuitous levity with which such weighty obli gations arc incurred at a moment when the finances arc in a state of extreme depression, hints more self confidence than wisdom in the financial department. The put chase-money for the land shares will be payable in 30 annuities. The Menikur of this morning contained, by the way, symptoms that were noted by the sagacious as forerunners of the retirement of de Morey. Among the list of personages decorated with the cross of the Legion of Honour is M. Leopold Le Hon, cluf de cabinet of the minister of the interior, andM. Perrin, director of the Opera Comique. What title to this honour the latter gentleman, a protefp , of Ledru Rollin, can possess in the eyes of the government is a mys tery ; but as M. de Morny is an assiduous frequenter of the OpemComique, perhaps he has forgiven the former intimacy of M. Perrin with the ministers of the pro- visional government. As for M. Leopold Le lion, his tender youth makes the distinction bestowed rather extraordinary, particularly after the allusion in M. de Morny's circular to the influence in the elections under the old system of quelques rear pea meriVes. For the rest, it is usual for a minister on the point of retiring to shower these little marks of favour upon his friends and adherents. The espionage which goes on in societyy is every where complained of with bitterness. M. do Mau pea to stick at no excess of persecution, and his assurance is equal to his rigour, for ho regularly sends his card, with the corner turned down, to such people of the fashionable world as venture to talk politics even in their own salons. This is taken as a gentle hint that a decree of " rus'ication" will follow if such gossip continues to he indulged. His ad ministration as Minister of Police is dreaded, as it is thou.tht that he will leave the most tyrannous lessons of Fouchil far behind. Louis XVI. is called by the Pattie the " Martyr King." The designation was noticed for the first time on the cards of invitation issued for the cere mony in the Chapelle Expiatoire. The legitimists continue to maintain the haughtiest reserve towards the new power. They have agreed to prolong tho mourning for the death of the Duchesse d'Angou leme from three months to six, that they may have an excuse for shutting their salons. M. de Lamartine is in Paris. General Lugnot, retired from the army after 47 years' service, and formerly colonel of the national guard of Limoges, has been promoted to the rank of Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour; and M. Prosper Merimee, Inspector-General of Historical Monuments, and member of the Academy of Inscrip tions et Belles Lettres, to that of Officer. Perhaps no decree yet promulgated by the govern ment since Dec. 2, will do the President so much harm as that which appears in the Monitrur of yes terday, striking Colonel Charms and three of his colleagues in the Assembly, from the rolls of the army. An officer's commission 'is his property, by quite as strong a title as that by which any landed proprietor holds his estate. It would certainly ap pear as atrocious abuse of arbitrary power to con fiscate the estates of those proprietors who were concerned in the resistance offered to the coup d'etag of December 2. Nor has any such measure been, so far as I am aware, adopted; for although a decree sequestrating the rents of several proprietors in the Allier and other departments subjected to the state of siege was pro mulgated by Oen. Eynsrd and others, It was soon revoked in the former department, and is only used in the others as a means of coercing the insurgents to surrender. It would, however, have been far safer for Louis Napoleon to have confiscated the estates of refractory proprietors, than to have assailed a principle which is regarded as vital by that class through whose services he has seized and holds his present power. In fact, I understand that this deeree has been exceedingly ill received by the army. It is held as a fundamental rule of the military service that no officer can be deprived of his commis sion without being tried by court martial fora dis tinct offence, and condemned. Here no crime is alleged, no trial instituted. The executive power breaks a colonel, two captains, and a sub-lieutenant, by a mere decree in the Moniteur. Henceforth every officer must feel that his commission, his property earned by . years of service, his rank won by hard campaigning in Algiers and elsewhere, lies entirely at the mercy of power. To-morrow he may bo dj flounced as harbouring unfriendly sentiments to the existing regime, as having spoken disrespectfully of the President, and his means are confiscated, his career broken, his name branded. The appearance of such a decree is evidently a death-blow to the in dependence of the military service, and destroys at once its dearest privilege. The Ochn of Brest states that 488 of the men intended for transportation, who had arrived in that port from Havre by the Canada steamer, had been removed on board the Duguesclin. MM. Martin and Michot-Boutet, the ex-representatives, and M. Peyreira, have been again handed over to the military authorities. We read in the Echo du Nord, "M. Schnolcher, ex-representative of the people, now a refugee abroad, left Paris for Brussels in the garb of a priest, and the ecclesiastical robe became him very well. On ar riving at Brussels, having fur the time no other clothes, he remained for several days among his friends in the borrowed costume to which ho owed his safety." A history of the council of state has just been published by M. Regnault. Although the import ance of this body was greatly increased by Napoleon it is a very ancient institution, and one that has better than any other stood the shock of revolutions. Father Lacordairo preached to a crowded congrega tion in Notre Dame this morning, on behalf of the ' Capucin fraternity, a branch of which is about to be established in Pans at Mont Parnasse. • The review that was to have taken place to-day in the Champs do Mars has been countermanded, on account of the bad state of the ground, which is said to be so soaked with tho late rains that the troops could not manoeuvre upon it. A deputation of the managers of all the theatres in Paris have waited an the Minister of the Interior, to ask that the proportion of their receipts deducted fur the use of the poor may be reduced to 3 per cent. The Belgian government seems to have placed its police at the orders of France so far as regards French refuge• s. The Ec4o do la Fronliere states that the Belgian police on the French frontier exercise the sharpest surveillance over every foreigner who presents him , self. A special ageat inspects every traveller, and 'ARY 23, 1852. exasuineawith the greatest minuteness the passport of each, and the party presenting it. The Public says that the Bulletin Francais, con ducted at Brussels by M. Alexander 'chem.., and which contained some sharp attacks on the French government, has been suppressed by the King of the Belgians. M. Thomas and his co-editors have been expelled from Belgium. The police yesterday made another razzirr, and arrested 14 men en rupture de ban, six of them libe rated convicts. All these men were very dangerous, and some of them went constantly armed. They were connected with the bands which have lately committed so many nocturnal attacks. 'fho Gazette de li.ance save:—" It is said that the costume of the senators will-be magnificently em broidered, at least if we may believe the designs which an artist has been ordered to draw. It is not yet known whether the coat will be in cloth or in velvet; the cut of it will be quite French, but more elegant than any that has been yet seen. In bring ing embroidery into use for functionaries, it is wished to give a fresh impulse to that branch of industry, which has so long been suffering severely both in Paris and at Nancy." Several architects are now engaged in drawing up artistical plans for the national tete, which is to take place towards the end of next month, in honour of the constitution of 1852. In order to attract a great number of visitors to Paris, it is in contempla tion to have the fete continue for eight days, each day to be marked by a special programme. At the Bourse the Five per Cents. fell 1.50, and closed at 102.4:0. the Three per Cents. fell 2.3.5, clueing at 65.25. Bank of France shares fell 40fr. Railways did not fall in proportion to the funds. Lyons fell 13.74; Northern, 10; Strasbourg, 6.25 Central, and Tours and Nantes, sfr. each. In other lines there was little a:teration. Dieppe rose 2fr. 50c. P.S. I am just informed that M. de Persigny is already installed as Minister of the Interior. COURT-MARTIAL IN PARIS.--CONDENINA- TION TO DEATH. JAN. 20.—This was the first public trial in Paris connected with the event. of December 2,3, and 4 ; Lieut.- Colonel Lesire, 7th Lancers, presided. Barbieri di Campanclli, a Neapolitan refugee, not in cus tody, was tried by default upon the double charge of hav ing taken part in the insurrection of Dec. 4, and of having made several attempts at assassination. A paletot token from a:man on the boulevards, under the circumstances detailed in the evidence, was produced in court. In the pockets were found ',trend letter., and among them one from M. Mani, of Venice, recommending Signor Barbieri di Campanelli to a person of distinction in England. This was the only evidence of the identity of the accused. Captain de Melfray, of the staff of the national guard, gave the following curious evidence. On the 4th of De cember I was sent on a message upon the boulevards; after passing the Rue Lepelletier, I met numerous groups, who uttered insulting and threatening cries •gainst the l'resi dent of the Republic. At the corner of the Rue Richelieu groups, still more numerous and more hostile, obliged me to put my horse to a gillup to get through them ; in this way I got as far as the theat:e of the Venial. From thence I could see that all the boulevard was ir. the power of the insurrection. I wished to go bvek. I then heard mingled with insults and criesof " Death to the President." the cry of " Death to the aide•de-camp." I saw the glit tering of several poniarde, and a great number of leaded canes were brandished about me. The people sprung at my horse's head. I drew my sabre, and made my two orderlies do the same. They charged un the side us the passage des Panoramas, while I charged on the other side of the boulevard opposite the Passage Juuffroy. These two charges dispersed the people that surrounded us. As soon as 1 got to the Rue Richelieu I rode after a man who had struck at me with his cane and hit my horse, at the moment when m sabre wounded his left shoulder I received a violent blow behind the right ear which stunned me ; my horse then fell. I thought at first that the blow had been struck by a tall individual, rather stout, wearing • beard and black mustachios, and dressed in a brown paletot, whom I bad remarked, because at first I had hesitated to strike him, feariug that I might be striking a mere looker on, although he appeared to me sus picious. The man upon the foot-pavement, near the Cafi Cardinal. When my horse fell the whole crowd rushed upon me. I received several serious wounds in the head. They tried to disarm me, but did not succeed. My sabre being sharpened, several persons were cut in the hands by the movement that I made in drawing it towards me. was then struck by a stone or • stick on the nape of the neck, and I completely lost my senses. Some men of order and two inspectors of police succeeded in rescuing me from the hands of these assassins. However, I recollect that an individual named Boissonney was *tabbed three times with a knife while attempting to hinder them from taking the pistols out of my holsters. A few minutes later these pistols were taken away from me. Iluissonney, a messenger iu a banking-house, deposed to having assisted Captain Mettray. lie was woundeA by a man who spoke bad French. Moyrand, a cab driver—When he saw the man that wounded Boissonney and struck the captain, caught hold of him and dragged him across the boulevard, towards the omnibus office. There several citizens, indignant at what they had seen, struck the foreigner with their canes, and called him " canaille." Some men in blouses, however, then came up, and said, pointing to witness, " That's • spy, he must be killed." They took the prisoner away, but the witness clung to his paletot, which was left behind. The court, after deliberation, found that Barbieri di Campanelli was guilty of an attempt at &Nasalisation, and pronounced sentence of death against him. GERMANY. The Lithographic Correspondence of Vienna states that the question of the eventual accession of the Italian states to the Aware-Germanic customs' union having been raised in the customs congress now sitting, M. Councillor Hock, acting president and Austrian commissary, said that his government had authorised him to declare that it would see with satisfaction the Prussian Zollverein on its part re ceive Denmark, Belgium, and the Low Countries into its union, before or after its proposed junction with the rest of Germany. HANOVER. The Hanoverian Chamber Wikputies commenced the discussion of the treaty with the Zollverein on the 17th, in a secret sitting. WEST INDIA AND THE PACIFIC MAILS. (B 7 Meettie Tekgrapb.) PROW OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT. SOUTHAMPTON, FRIDAY, 10.30 A.M. The Clyde, Captain Moss, has just arrived; Admi ralty agent, Lieut. Percival, R. N. Her dates aro : Jamaica, Dec. 30; Demarara, 27 ; Trinidad, 29; Ha vannah, 34; Santa Martha, 26; Grey Town, 20; Chagres, 25 ; Barbadoes, 30 ; Grenada, 26 ; St. Vin cent, 30; Antigua, Dec. 30; St. Thomas, 4th inst. Amongst her cargo is specie to the value of one million three hundred and fifty-three thousand four hundred and forty-six dollars on merchants' account. It would appear from the last accounts from Yucatan that there was a temporary cessation of hostilities between the Indians and tho Yuc,.tans, and that the town of Bacalar still continues in the possession of the latter. According to Jamaica newspaper accounts the weather had changed, and it was hoped that cholera would soon disappear. It was still, however, very virulent in some places; the small pox is also scourging some parts of the island. A public meeting had taken place at King ston to make arrangements for the establishment of a steam packet communication between Jamaica and the Spanish Main. From Demerara we learn that the election for Essequibo has terminated in the triumphant return of the government candidate. On the 30th of December a public meeting was to take place in George Town, to cooperate with tho Ar.ti-Slavery Society in London, in making two appeals, ono to the British parliament, the other to the British government. During tho last fortnight the weather had been delightful. The present year's crop will consider ably exceed that of 1850. From New Granada we learn that slavery was to be abolished throughout the republic on tho first of January. REPRESENTATION OF NOTTINGIIAM.—An whit-cgs from that well-tried radie il, Mr. Thomas Crisham°, has been circulated amongst the electors of Nottingham, solicit ing their suffrages at the next general election. W. S. CRawFottp, Esq., M.P. for Itnehdale, is at preset at Crawfordshurii•hou,c ; but he will be present at the opening of parliament, on tho 3rd February. We rejoice to say ho is in good health, and full vigour.— Norokrre Whig. FARMING Paoseacrs.—We have just learned, on the very best authority, with respect to an extensive estate in Fermanagh, that of the last gale of rent the arrears un paid do not amount to 3401. This is very satisfactory, both as r.spects the relations of the landlord an-I tenant and the condition and prosperity of the latter.—Berfast Mercury MN Court. WINDSOR, JAM. 2 , The following had the honour of dining at the royal tab!. last evening :—Thr Duchess of Kent, the Lair. in-waiting to her 'Loyal Highness, the 11ironess the Duke of Wellington, Lord and Lady Seymo ur, and ti.o Hon. J. 11. St. Maur, Viscount Canning, Sir Francis and Lady Arabella Baring, Sir James and Ludy Graham, unil Colonel Wylde. The hand of the Grenadier Guards was in attend MN' 4 the Castle during dinner, and played the following piete.h. Overawe, ..Zarup.." /It'll\ from Due haeht lager Egterh., Waiver Potpourri Drantatique . ........... Styrer-Jorller Afterward. in the evening her Maje•ty'a private band attended, and performed the following seliction: Overture is C Alearetto, “Lobsosans" Uinta t.. and Ana, Maladies Welber von Wind. r." The Queen walked in the Home lark and the Slopesthis nsnrril•Ofl The Prince of Wales, the Prince's Royal, and royal chil dren took their usual walking and pony t Remise. Prince Albert went out ',hooting this mming, accom panied by Prince Leopold of Saxe C•ihurir, Viwetint Canning, Sir James Graham. and Colonel Wylde, sad attended by Colonel F. IL Seymour and Lieut.-Colon," Biddulph. The following have !Ken invited, and are exoeete•l to arrive at the Castle to-day : Baron and Baroness Brunnow, the Duchess of Sutherland end Lady Constance I. Gower, the Earl and Countess Grey Lily Alice Laialiton, the Earl and Countess Bruce. The Duke of Wellington and the Right lion. Sir Fr.ocia and Lady Arab ella Haring took their departure tin. noon. The Chevalier Drouet transacted business on Wedn. Way at the Board of Trade. Sir Jame■ K. Slinttlyworth had an interview with Sir George (key at the Home Office yeso May. Earl Grey left town after the Caffin. t Courwil yesterday afternoon fur IVindsor Castle, on a visit to 10 r Majesty. The Ecclesiastical Coinnai-sioners for England had a general meeting yes'. rile'', at their office in Whitehall place. Sir Francis Baring arrived in town previous to the C..hi. net Council, from Windsor Castle, yesterday. Despatches were received at the Colonial-office Triter.' sy, from the Governor of Turk's Island. A CABINET COUNCIL WAS HELD YESTERDAY at the Foreign-office, Downing-street. The ministers present were—Lord John Russell, the Lord Clem cellor, the Eurl of Minto, Sir George Grey, Earl Granville, Earl Grey, the Chancellor of the Exche quer, Sir Francis Raring. the Earl of Carli s l e , th e MRight lion. Henry Lahouchere, the Right lion. Fox Manic, and Lord Seymour. The Council sat two hours and a half. DIOCESAN SYNODS. Yesterday an adjourned consultative meeting, on the subject of diocesan synods, was held at the liaam r- Nquare Room, The Rev. THOMAS COLLINS, 11. D., of Fun. ham, Rural Deus, took the chair. Prayers haring been offered by the Rev. W. POtNII, The Cli Al It MAN congratulated the advocates ashore.* synods on the steady progress which the cause was making. lle was happy to state that since their hot meeting at Derby, the Bishop of ltipon, who was hi. diocesan, had said that although he would not promise to attend this meeting him self, he was ready to hold synods for all pi a ct al loirpoo .; and his lordship had expressed bin opinion that such synods would be for the good of the church. There was szood reason to hope that a similar opinion was entertained by many more of the bishops. So far they had proLtr,ssed satisfactorily, avid, under God's blessing, he hoped th a t th e church would soon enjoy the benefit of the diocesan synods. (dear, The . CHAIRMAN then called upon the Rev. W. Porno to read the report of the committee. The Hon. J. TALBOT moved the first resolution declar ing that the meeting desired to repeat its serious and deli berate conviction that diocesan synods are necessary for the well-being of the church and of the spiritual interests with which it is connected, and to express its earnest and re spectful hope that the spiritual overseers of the Ilock of Christ may speedily pH together such assemblies of the faithful for the edification of their respective dioceses. It was hut necessary to look around and see if what was asked was not just and reasonable. The all-important question was how should the church system, which was equally im portant to all, which might lead to the ultimate salvation of souls, be conducted and earned out ? The kirk of Scotland and the free kirk each had synods, and they had also heard of a synod of Thinks. (Hear.) Why should then the church of England ho called upon to stand by with her hands tied behind her? (Hear.) Again, if they looked to the church across the Atlantic, they found that shelhad entire freedom of action. Many, if not all, of the late differences in the church of England night have been cleared up and explained, hail there been the facility for the clergy to assemble in synod. And, if only such an end as this was to be attained, it was rn ample and abundant cause for the restoration of diocesan synods. F. H. DICKENSON, Esq., seconded the resolution. The resolution was put from the chair and carried ucm. eon. Lord IXTTELTON rose to second the next resolution. It there was ono matter more thin another in which he was interested it was in the revival of diocesan synods, in the restoration of which the laity, as an integral part of tho church, were deeply interested. (hear, heir.) Ilis lord ship went on to show that the right of meeting in synod existed now, as it ever had done, in the church ; they had met only for the purpose of considering the propriety of re viving the practice which had got into desuetude. It sou not for them to dictate to the prelates of the church, but only to inquire into the necessity, and suggest to them that the right belonged to them, and that we wished them to exercise it. Ile did not look fur immediate results from this movement, but was willing to wait patiently the work ing of it; and feeling that they had truth, and justice, and wisdom on their side, there could he no doubt of ultimate success. (Hear, hear.) His lordship concluded by moving a resolution recording the humble judgment of the meeting, that the spiritual rights ofelsoth clergy and laity demand that diocesan synods should be collected together from time to time, to consult with their bishop, in solemn assembly, as to what is needed (es the benefit of their respective dio vises, and that the present !male of diocesan government, by the sole and unlimited mind of the deicesan, is inconve nient and injurious to the church iteeli, inconsistent with the true principle of episcopal authority, and opposed alike to scripture precedents and the practice of the primitive church in the best and earliest ages. The Rev. Canon TREVOR seconded the resolution, which was carried unanimously. Sir WALTER JAMES, Bart., then moved the next re solution, declaring that a diocesan synod would be a source of great help and assistance to • bishop, in suggesting plans of usefulness, in supplying details of diocesan infor mation, in maintaining his uwu rightful authority, and in supporting by its united co-operation such local and dio cesan plans and arrangements as he may deem necessary for the welfare of his people. The Hon. and Rev. W. HOWARD seconded the resolu tion, which was put from the chair and carried nem. con. After which, The Rev. W. SCOTT moved a resolution inviting all churchmen to unite with them in promoting the revival of diocesan synods. The Rev. Mr. GUNNER having seconded the resolution, it was put and carried unanimously. A resolution was also passed adjourning the meeting to Thursday, Apnl 29, to be holden at Glu.uv.ter, with the power of further adjournment if the committee see cause; after which a vote of thanks was passed to the chairman, and the meeting, which lasted upwards of four hours, broke up. TESTIMONIAL TO MIDI. COWDEN CLARKIL—A very elegant and appropriate tribute to the perseverance and de votion of this amiable lady, who spent twelve years in writing our her " Shakspeare Coneirdance," and tour more in correcting the press, has been got up in New York by • few American admirers of Shaltapcare. The testimonial, which hoe been already transmitted to Mrs. Clarke, con-ists of an clabarately carved rosewood easy chair. The face of Shakspeare, carved in ivory, from the Stratford bust, with appropriate encircling design., ornaments the top rail, and below the seat are masks of tragedy and comedy. There is a reading-desk of rosewood and cedar attached, and the design of the choir and its ornamentation are frentdrawings by Mrs. Ilaboanno. In the list of subscribers we find the names of tilt' Ron I). Webster, 11. Longfellow, W. U. Bryant, W. 11. Astor Washington Irving, &c. DEATH or SEIDEANT 11EATIL—Yeaterdow at the sitting of the Bloomsbury County Court, l'ortlmid rail, a communication wu made to the judge pro tem. C. E. Pol lock, Esq., that Mr. Serjcant Heath, faller of the presiding fudge thereof (Mr. D. 1). Death) had died at his residence No. 34, Montague-place, Ituseell-estuare, on the previous afternoon. The deceased having become an admitted mem ber of the Inner temple commenced practice in the Court of Common fleas, from whence he was appointed as the deputy-judge under Mr. Scrjeant Dubois, deceased, at the County Court of Middlesex, Kingsgate.street. On the abolition of that court Mr. Serjesnt Heath's son was in stalled as a judge of Bloomsbury Cuuuty Court eon junction with Mr. Dubois. The deceased se east died surrounded by his frien,ls after an illness or oat long dura tion in the 7th year of his age. DEATH Or Ma. G. H. RODWELL, THE COMPOSER. —Yesterday morning, Mr. Gorge Herbert Itislwell, the musical composer, expired at his residence in Upper Ebury street, Pimlico, after suffering acutely (or some months from rheumatic gout. Mr. Itsslweli, who was well known in the musical world for his many sing and billad corniest tions, was also a dramatic and literary writs. lie Wl4 author of the extravaganza of "Blue( King 1141," played with much success at the Priucess'e Theatre, and " O'Donoghtte," played at Astley's; his literary produc tions being "The Memoirs of an Umbrella" and "Old London-bridge." The deceased gentleman was of • most amiable disposition, and his decease will bo lamented by a numerous circle of friends and NAVAL APPOINTMENTS.—ADMIKALTY, JAN. 22. — Chief Engineer J. Bell, and Assistant Engineer G. Ord fithe and 11. Purchase, to MW7il . lClBlk.. Pursers T. S. Hay wood, to Horatio, and U S. Hooper, to Magicienne.