The Express. — London, England, 1847-11-02 00:00:00

planter. Unless, then, the British West Indies can, in the markets of Europe, successfully compete with the sugars of Cuba and Brasil, the cultivation of sugar in the former must be abandoned, and, with its aban- ' donment, farewell all hopes of the continuance of negro civilisation in them. They may linger and languish as other Hayti.; but they mast cease to be regarded as the appointed means of redeeming the race of HAM from the bonder, the ignorance, and the degradation which now afflict it. There are doubtless several minor agencies by which the cost of production in the West India eolo nies may be somewhat reduced. Residence on the part of the proprietary, improved machinery, the abolition of the navigation laws, the removal of all differential duties on the importation of foreign goods, would each be productive of some benefit; but all united and concurrently in operation would prove in sufficient to place them on a level with Brazil and Cuba. The means by which those countries are now enabled to uudersell our colonies are the only means by which those colonies can be enabled to compete with Brazil and Cuba—and these means are, a suffi ciency of labour. Labour, labour, labour, is the remedy for West Indian evils : without it they must sooner or later perish; with it, they may be restored to prosperity such as no tropical country ever yet en joyed, and by their prosperity civilisation may be carried into the remotest parts of the African con tinent. The Paris journals of Sunday have reached us; but there is no dipmestic news of importance. By the last advice/ from Berne„ which are to the 28th, it appears that the deputies of the Sonderbund had a conference with Mr. Peel, as well as with M. Bois le Comte. It was understood that mutual concession was strongly advised by both these minis ters. This, however, had no other effect than to in duce the deputies of the league to signify to the majority their willingness to adhere to the proposi tion already made by the deputy of Zug—viz., to dis solve the league, provided the question of the Jesuits should be waived by the majority, and guarantees given for the maintenance of the cantonal sovereign ties. This was to have been formally communicated to the vorort on the 28th or 29th, and, from a late edition of one of the journals, it would seem that it had been done, but without effect. It was under stood that, on the rejection of this proposition by the vorort, the deputies of the league would leave Berne for their respective cantons. The Journal des Debats says that the Russian ambassador had already left Switzerland. The Austrian ambassador had also sig nified his intention to leave immediately, but had ad dressed a note to the cantonal government of Zurich on the 23th, to the effect that he was instructed by his government to state that his departure was not to be understood as having any signification 3f any in tended intervention by Austria in the affairs of Switzerland. In fact, he explicitly announced that Austria would not meddle is the matter. It was un derstood that' M. Bois le Comte would leave on the commencement of hostilities, and that M. Ouizot would at the same time publish a defence of the polity pursued by France in this matter. No session of the Diet had been held since the 25th, but meetings of the deputies of the majority, and also of those of the minority, had taken place from day to day. The greatest activity prevailed in organising the federal troops. Orders were issued from head quarters on the 27th, to the several divi sions, to establish their respective quarters as follows: The division Donatz at Soleure, Burkhardt at Berne, Rilliet at &halloos in Vaud, Ziegler at Amu, and Omar at Zurich. Colonel Orelli, of Zurich, has been appointed commander-in-chief of artillery. It was remarked that the council of war of the league has left the canton of Zug undefended. Tbat canton lies entirely outside the line of entrenchment of the league. It was reported at Berne on the 28th, that the Austrian am ba ssador bad arrived on the 27th at Berne, incog., and was present at the conference which the deputies of the Sonderbund had with the ambassador of France, on which occasion he renewed the statement that his government declined any intervention in the affairs of the confederacy. It was added, that on this being stated, the deputies of the league expressed their willingness that the Jesuits should be dismissed, on the condition of two millions of francs being allowed to the lesser cantons as an indemnity for the preparations for resistance. Such a proposition, if really made, would amount to a vir tual surrender of the cause of the Sonderbund. It was further said, that M. Bois le Comte observed that in a few days the news of the dissolution of the order of the reverend fathers would arrive from Rome. MADRID, OCT. 26. Last night people talked of a new ministerial change. Cordova and Ros de Olano were to go cut The first would be promoted to the rank of teniente general (at present he is mariscal de campo.) The other was to have the captaincy-general of the Phi lippine Islands. In this case Narvaez would take the portfolio of war. Olivan is designated as the pro- bable successor of Roe in the ministry of Public In struction. This arrangement, which is mentioned as on the eve of adoption by the Espanol, is not, as far as I can discover, yet known to be officially com plete. Meantime, the more shifting . about the better chance of the whole ministerial fabric tumbling. The policy which would ree3mmend Olivan for the vacant seat is that which I indicated y e sterday as the ground of the appointments of Cam Irujo and Bertran de Lis— namely, to farm a party unadulterated by any mix ture with the ultra-modemdos, and to mark to the eyes of the country an intention of conducting . the government upon more liberal and tolerant principles than are professed or would be practised by the Mons, the Pidals, the Gonzales Bravos, and the Martinez de la Rases. Olivan was a member of the Miraflores ministry, whose short life was insufficient to give effect to the engagements of a hopeful programme; its thin-spun yarn having been eat off by the abhorred shears of Narvaez, who set up, in alliance with Burgos, his second ephemeral dictatorship. The same Olivan was also minister under the presidency of the Duke of Sotomayor, equally distinguished with that of Miraflores for carrying its conces sions to the exigencies of the times to a much greater extent than the Spanish tones approved. In all probability every day the rivality which has already visibly commenced between Christina and Narvaez will go on widening and gathering passion, till the moment of an explosion arrives, in which one or the other must be annihilated. If this crisis does not take place before the assembling of the Cortes, will the moderado majority support Names in the chambers? It may be safely answered not, unless he fling them some considerable sops, and consent, in fact, to share his power with them. In that case the Duke of Valencia will have to choose between the modification of his ministry in an ultra sense, or the establishment of a dictatorship, and the suspension of the parliament This last consummation seems by no I means improbable. What new elements in the state of parties will be introduced by the arrival of the Duke and Duchess of Montpensier—whether the Infanta and her husband will tend to pre vent a rupture between Narvaez and Christina, or to widen the breach, which they will doubtless find, mast appear in the course of a few days. Mean while, the !Ifonensiers will doubtless fling them selves into the scale of Christina, whether they increase or damage her influence with the Queen by so doing. At all events Narvaez will hardly undertake so unpo pular a task as the elevation of the French prince to a leading post in the Spanish army, which is understood to be Christina's object. The place of majordomo of the palace, suppressed at the downfall of the Sotomayor ministry, is to be restored, and given to the Marquis of Miraflores. At the same time the intendencia del palacio is to be suppressed, its functions being absorbed into the majordomo's department. Therefore, Pena Aguayo, who has cat such a questionable figure in the Three per Cent conversion, will be dismissed. That scandalous affair still occupies the papers. The date of the royal order issued by Salamanca for the conversion is remarkable, being the day before the fall of himself and colleagues. It is hardly possible to avoid concluding that this same transaction figured as one of the main features in the mysterious bargain concluded on the 3rd. The Queen, accompanied by her mother and hus band, is gone to the Pardo, to be present at a hunt. The Clamor says that it hears that the police-officer Redondo has been sent to Valencia, to bring back Mirall. This act will be equivalent on the part of the government to an acknowledgment of the wrong pre sumptions on which the arrest was based. PRIBURO, Orr. 27. I arrived here yesterday from Berne. The frontier was occupied on each aide of the ravine by a corps of cavalry. The entrances to the town are in the course of being strengthened by strong timber *Cockades ; and I am given to understand that the ground has been andermined in every direction and powder traps skil fully laid for an approaching invader. A large por tion of pine forest has been felled because it interfered with the play of a battery on the high road, and to cross the famous suspension bridge (the longest in Europe except the Menai), is, of course, a military impossibility : one side of Friburg forming an inac cessible cliff is further defended by a range of public conveniences which I shall not particularly specify. The feeble point is the upper town giving outlet into the country, and on that side rises, o'ertop ping the tower of the cathedral, the Jesuits' College, an immense and conspicuous grim ' tare. 1 send you a panorama of Friburg, in which you will at a glance see the relative position of this building and the town defences ; you will oblige the public by sending it to your pictorial con temporary, the Illustrated News, who will place the Cause bell under the general eye. Oa the terrace which forms the students' play-ground, they have just planted three large mortars, capacious of shells 12-inch diameter, and they practice daily in projectile science, showing the boys the mysteries of the para bola. Four hundred soldiers are quartered in the college. If this building is bombarded and fired by the troops of the diet (which is probable enough), the Jesuits will not be the losers. They did not build it at all, and are only lodgers paying rent to a joint-stock company, who twenty years ago spent their capital in the structure not knowing whether to rent it as a barrack or as an hospital to the town. Faber mottle mamma feeeret ne. Some of the speculators originated the idea of letting it to the children of Loyola, and much benefit has accrued to the canton from the expenditure of about 8,0001. a year, which the 300 scholars, gathered under their auspices, have brought to the spot. It has been a capital milk-cow for Friburg, and they are right to give battle for its maintenance. The town is bristling with bayonets; every soldier wears a little pewter medal (one of which you will find under the seal of this despatch), which talisman he is taught will render him invulnerable in the coming leaden hail-storm. In the days of Vinegar hill, something similar was instilled into the in surgent mind of Wexford by Fathers Murphy and Roche. .. There is a proclamation on the walla this morning addressed to the refractory district of Morat (which I described to you as the Ulster of Friburg, and which refuses to join the rest of the canton in its rebellion against the imperial diet) ; this address urges on them the fact of their enjoying freedom of protestant worship under the rule of eatholies, and therefore " they ought to help catholies to similar freedom iu retaining the men of their choice to educate their children." --... Twelve men (discontented with the politics of this canton) escaped from the ranks last night, and went over to Berne. M. Remi, vice-chancellor of Fri- burg, was yesterday arrested and sent to jail, and this morning a barber, called Laurent, was put in to keep him company. What the Figaro's offence was has not transpired, but it shows close shaving on the part of our local authorities. Accounts from the southern frontier (Vaud) bring news of a general uprise of the population in arms. At Vevay, and round the Castle of Chillon, reviews of armed men are taking place amid great enthusiasm. The reason for this intensity of feeling at that parti cular point, is the expected attempt of the Valais peasantry to break the barrier and join the Friburgers. The huge rock which divides Upper from Lower Valais, and does duty for a capital to both, is rather ambitiously styled Zion, and has been for ages the receptacle of retrograde notions and stagnant opinions. It has long been a mill-stone round the neck of the confederacy, and will so continue until the Valaisians receive a sound drubbing from their more civilised neighbours. I had a long interview just now with the reverend fathers, and they seem astonished that any one should dream of their withdrawing from the contest to avoid bloodshed. I hinted that Pius IX. would probably suggest the propriety of that step as soon as blood had begun to flow, whereupon one said, "II ne donnera jamais gain de cause aux impies." On returning to the hotel I found at the head of the table d'hôte General Mallairdoz, commander-in-chief of Friburg, with his adjutant (an odd mess-table for the staff, but men are in a state of primitive sim plicity here). The general is a fine old veteran, and commanded the Swiss Guard in the streets of Paris when the people demolished Charles X. and his dynasty. His conversation was that of an old sports man. There are about twenty officers of the body guard of Charles X. in the service of this canton. Count O'Mahony and Marquis de Nicolai have fixed their tent here. At Lausanne a decree has been just published, prohibiting any man who carries anus far his country from being arrested for debt, a privilege which many repeal members from Ireland now enjoy. The poet is stopped in the Valais; the Vaudois coaches are supposed to carry the infection of libera lism, and the passengers are transhipped into Valaisian vehicles, not an improved method of conveyance. BERNE. Ocr. 28. I returned here this morning from Friburg. The road was strong y garrisoned on both sides of the frontier. I intended to have furnished you with a second communication from the seat of the diet, but I have been led to understand that the communication with Lucerne will be interrupted to-morrow, so I depart this evening for the head-quarters of the rebels. I remarked here several parish priests (pas tears), wearing a red bandage round their left arm with a white cross embroidered thereon. On inquiry I learn that they have devoted themselves in their spiritual capacity to attendance on the federal troops. All is activity here in the war department. I shall write to you at length from Lucerne. RUSSIA.—ST. PETERSBURG, OCT. 22.—AFFSTRX IN Tat CAUCAIIIM—Lieut.-Gen. Count Woroinow, coin mender-in-chief of the Caucasian corps, lies transmitted a report to his Majesty the Emperor, statinp that the Weila Salta has been taken, after a hot and obstinate encounter. On the morning of the 26th of last month the Salta was besieged by our troops. From the 19th to the 21st we bad last 3 superior officers and 117 soldiers; the wounded were, 1 staff officer, 20 superior officers, and 361 common soldiers. Salts is in itself an unimportant village, but circumstances, and especially the strong fortifications and the incredible exertions of Sebamyl to defend it, rendered the taking of it the most important, and in fact the indispensable, condition of a happy termination of this difficult and tedious campaign, and for securing the tranquillity of Soulte "bights- tan. The hindrances and the difficulties were astound ing, and exceeded all expectation. The most fearful I and the most valiant ?deride had been called from every part of the Dsghestan, for the defence of this point. There is scarcely a village nay, scarcely • tribe, throughout the whole of the insurrec tionary mountain which had not friends or relatives in the garrison of the Salta, and they fought with a valour and endurance as if the failure of this encounter involved their very existence. Never before bad they fought with euch pertinacity, the battle of Acheilgo, perhaps, excepted. Every step was the price of blood, and therefore the commander in-chief hesitated at first, in order:te avoid, if it were possible, the storming of the whale of the Weila Salta unless for to extremes. At lest, on the morning of the 26th ultimo, after our artillery had taken very great effect, and after a tremendous bombardment from 80Ib. mortars, which had been brought into these mountains, we stormed in two at tacks, with our weapons in our hands, only that part which was indispensably necessary to effect the garrisoning and fortifying of the right or northern side of the Oral, from whence we could almost entirely cut off the garrison from obtaining a supply of provisions. The waters flowing towards the enemy were spoiled by us, and all that remained to him was • little spring, where the exhausted soldiers en deavoured to quench their thirst under the fire of the troops stationed in the garden on the side of Kara Koisen. The miserable creatures, spent with hunger, and quite dis heartened by the fatal encounter of the morning, separated, and fled in all directions, and fell under the bayonets of our troops. Major Count Orbelen, with a company of the regiment of Prince Paskewitach and a detachment of the Achtinshi Foot Militia, met the main division of the fugitives, who carried with them a cannon and the banner of Omad Moll, who bad latterly had the supreme command in Salta. The greater part of this multitude were put to death in an instant. The cannon and the banner remain in our hands, and not half the enemy that fled from the Oral escaped our bayonets, and the loss which the followers of Schamyl have sustained in the recent encounters cannot possibly be esti mated at less than 3,000 men. TURKEY.—CONSTANTINOPLE. COUNT ZAMOY 8a I.—A noble Polish emigrant of this name having been lately travelling in Erypt and S is now at Constanti nople, where he has been for the last yria, two months confined by indispoeiti m. The Count travels under • French passport, and has been the object of much attention and kindneas from M. de Bourqueney, the French ambassador at the Porta, as well as from the family of Lord Cowley. It appears from the following extract from a letter given in the Journal dds Debits, dated Constantinople, the 12th instant, that the Russian government are not disposed to let slip this opportunity of laying its fangs on another illustrious victim of its brutal and barbarous tyranny. However, as he led a very retired life, his visit here had been productive of very little sensation, and it was far from being presumed Roane would have taken the lout umbrage on that account. It appears that M. Oustinoff, who was the minister of Russia on his arrival here, had written a very hasty despatch to St. Petenburg, requesting the inatructipns of his court on that subject. and about 20 days since, M. de Titoff received from St. Petersburg a despatch, which he immediately communicated to the Sublime Porte, and in which the Count de Nesselrode demands, in the name of the Emperor of Russia, the extradition of Count Zamoyski as a deserter, grounding his demand on I know not what article of the treaty, which he interprets in his own way. The ministry was greatly alarmed at this step taken by Russia, and communications were immediately sent in on the subject to M. de Bourqueney and to Lord Cowley. The latter was sot directly interested in the affair ; however, he did not dissimulate from the Porte the insult which this demand threw upon him, and advised to act with firmness. As for M. de Bourqueney, Zamoyski, who had a French passport,was residing at his hotel ; in consequence, it was with a certain degree of vivacity he received the first overtures of the Porte, considering them insulting to his government and to himself. He endeavoured to convince the Porte that it behoved it to reply with firmness to such an unprecedented demand that nothing could justify, and that it was a disgrace to be treated in such a cavalier mannerby Russia, whose agents daily meet the chiefs of the Polish emigration in the minis terial saloons of Paris and London, and even at court, with out haserding an observation. M. Zamoyski was to take a journey to Browne, and, a few days after, be repaired thither, in company of the first secretary of the French embassy, M. de Berente. He has now returned, and is again residing at the embassy. M. de Bourqueney has declared himself re sponsible for him, and has promised that M. Zamoyaki shall not leave Constantinople before the Porte had returned to Russia an answer sufficiently dignified and sufficiently firm to allow of serious die-consideration to result to the govern ment of the Sultan from this demand. CHINA.—COWARDICE AND ICATICE.—Exhort of a letter from a naval cadet on board H.M.S. The Scout AMOY, I cty Il.—Receiving intelligence that several Chinese pirates were cruising about the coast, we went out after them ; before we W led, the Chinese admiral came on board, mad told us that he had been out with a fleet of fifty junks, and had been attacked by the pirates, who drore him into You Chem Von, and that in the engage.. went he had nearly loth his life by a fire.cet bunting at Ina feet. We were very glad to hear this, is there was every hope of our getting some more price-money. The news of our going after pirates spread like wildfire through the ship, and the captain him self saki that the aneher was never got up so quick before. We were MOO out to sea, and in the evening we bore away for Chlmmo Bay—there we fell in with a Chinaman, who raid' he knew whereabouts the pirates were. We took him on board, and got under weigh to catch the pirate lie had, bow. ever, got scent of us, and was off. In this morning we perceived a junk to windward of us, which our Chinaman said was a pirate. In about two hours we came up to him. The cutter was sent to board him, and directly we came alongsule, the crew jumped overboard. The other boats pinked them up, while Mr. D. boarded her. sibs proved to be a pDatc. There were about 20 men on board: they were taken and put la irons. Neat day a very large kink was re. ported to us as having been seen. We went slier her, and after a long chase we came up to her. The canton sent Mr. D., myself, and H. to board her they made no resistance. We found on board 2,000 dollars, 79 men, and ten Immense quantity of beautiful silks and satins, which they had taken out of merchant junks; and, more than all, an English table-cloth, and an English Pr:untol, which directly made the captain suspect that the unk was one of those that were concerned in the Chimmo snares. The men, and money, and "silks were taken one', and brought on board the *hip ; the junk was taken In tow, and we made our way to Amoy, to dispose of the Junk and prisoner,. We reached Amoy wikhoutginy misfortune, except that ene of the prisoner jumped overboard and was drowned before any assistance meld be given. The next day alter our arrival the Chinne mandarin, came alongside for the prisoners. Among them wis the old admiral, who, directly he saw the captain of the large junk, flew at him like a tiger, caught him by the tail, swung him round by it, tore off great handfuls of his hair, and would ham killed him, if he had sot been prevented. Directly his rage was a little cooled down, he wes asked why he wee so much enraged against him? Ile said that he had fought with him the day that he had had to retreat to You Chou, and that he was the man who had thrown four Are.pots at him 'the ad miral). The Are-pot is an earthen pot tilled with owAer , and made very thin, ro that the least touch would break It in pieces. Lighted charcoal is placed on the top of the pot, and fastened there, and it is At for use. Some of them hold Alba. of powder. On being put to torture by the mandarins, he gave an amount of his life. lie had been left in powersion of a (arm by his father, but, not liking work, he sold his farm, and took to piracy. He had taken many merchant Janke, and, having, as he thought, Just made his fortune, was coming ashore to sell his Junk, and settle down for life, when we took him. After this confession, be was asked how he came by the pithol and the table-cloth? Directly he new them, he turned so white as • sheet, but would not answer any more questions put to him on the subject." The letter here turns from this painful scene to other sub jects; but it is presumed that the whole of these unhappy men suffered summary punishment by death at the hands of the mandarins.—Hampshire Advertiser. TO LORD lIOWDEN, THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 2, 1847. CHARGED WITH THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE RIVER PLATE QUESTION. Monte Video, July 20, 1847. My Lord,—Relying on the courteous and impartial atten tion which, from my own experience, I know to be charac teristic of the class to which you belong in your own coon try, I resume the correspondence which I had yesterday the honour of commencing. " General Oribe," says your note of the 15th, " accepted this armistice, not only with the condition imposed, but in a manner by which the title he assumes of legal president should not be presented in signature, so as to incapacitate the plenipotentiaries of England and France afflaing their names to the document." I conceive, my lord, that it will everywhere be looked upon with astonishment that you should have brought to mind, in a document of such a formal nature as your aforesaid note, a circumstance so com paratively trifling as that relative to Don Manuel Oribe's title. No one could consider it in the light of a concession, the less so when the matter treated of was simply an armistice ; which, as I had the honour of pointing out to you yesterday, is nothing more than a military nonvention, for the adjustment of which the title of general-in-chief of the army was amply sufficient. But, on the other hand, it is not probable that Don Manuel Oribe will thank you for having declared that the plenipotentiaries of England and France could not, in their official capacity, have affixed their names te any document where Oribe's signature appears in the character he assumes of legal president. But this is by no means the serious or important part of the paragraph which I have quoted from your note. You state in it, that " General Oribe accepted the armistice with the condition imposed." Allow me, my lord, to ex press the grief with which I find that your memory has been, on an occasion of so much importance, unfaithful to the wishes with which I am bound to believe you animated, and to the impartiality which it is compulsory to presume in your official conduct. General Oribe, coy Lord Howden, did not accept the armistice with the condition proposed by you. The documents he has just published in his Defenaor, form on this head a contrast with your note of the 15th, which I trust will be duly valued here as well as in your own country, and wherever it becomes known. It is a very lucky circumstance forme to be able to present these documents by the side of your note. They show, my lord, that General Oribe rejected a part of your proposals,—that part precisely which would have given to the armistice some faint shadow of equity. The 3rd article of your proposals contained the conditionthat there should be free intercourse between the town and the country. General Oribe peremp torily refused assent to this essential part ; and you know, my lord, with what pertinacity. His official journal asserts that he refused it for reasons which you considered well founded. It appears to me evident that you could not then com prehend what those reasons signified. What I had yesterday the honour of stating to you with regard to the commerce of Monte Video and the country, will clearly show you that those reasons, which you considered well founded, had for their only object to secure exclusively to the port of the Hume the whole of that commerce which, in cue the free communication between the town and the country had been permitted, as you proposed, would have come in a great measure to Monte Video : so placing the belligerent parties on a somewhat more equitable and equable footing. As it is, General Oribe refused his assent to that meet im portant condition ; and the facts which he himself has pub. tithed authorise me, my lord, to Mate that you made use of no threats to compel him to accept it, nor did you think of taking any steps to make him repent of his refusal. Can you, with a tranquil conscience, say that you acted in a like manner with the government of Monte Video? The most strict impartiality is the primary qualification for every mediator ; nay more, it is the only one which can give him a claim to the confidence of the two partial whom he is desirous of reconciling. Your office, my lord, was that of a mediator. Don Manuel Oribe's official paper —a copy of which I have the pleasure of presenting you—has made public all the steps you took with him, in order to obtain an armistice. Can you show, mediating minister, that you took any analogous steps with the government of this republic? No, my lord, you' cannot. You proposed confidentially to the government an armistice, not with the conditions which you had offered to Don Manuel Oribe, bat with those which he had chosen to accept : the government, in refusing its consent, did not re- fuse it to equitable proposals of the mediators, but to the re fuse of those offered to General Oribe, after they had been despoiled by him of that part which was most favourable to Monte Video. In so doing the government did nothing but exercise the same right its enemy had already exercised. Nevertheless, my lord, you, who had taken no steps to com pel General Oribe to submit to your proposals, break through the compacts of your government with that of this republic, and raise the blockade of the ports of its enemies, simply be cause this government would not submit to conditions which were not even yours, but those of Don Manuel Oribe ! . . Is this, my lord, what the British government and parlia ment understand by fair and honourable ? Is this, again, what the English people—in that language so hard and ener getic, which suits so admirably their character —understand by those words fair and honourable ? The grief which I re mark amongst your countrymen, the sorrow with which 1 behold them costing to the ground those faces which ere while they used to carry so loftily, bear me out in saying no. Although the refusal of the armistice by this gove rnment is the only motive you give in your letter to Don Manuel Oribe, to account for the determination you have adopted, your note to Commodore Sir Thomas Herbert intimates two other reasons totally distinct from the former; end which, according to the place you have 'given them, appear as the I principal and immediate. "As I consider," you say, " first that the Orientals of Monte Video are not at this moment free agents, but en tirely controlled by a foreign garrison ; and, secondly, that the blockade, having entirely lost its original character of a coercive measure against General Roms, has becom e exclu sively a mode of supplying with money, partly the govern ment of Monte Video, &c , &c. . . . I hereby request you, sir, to raise the blockade," &c., dte. First of all, my lord, permit ma to ask you—How did you become aware that "the Orientals of Monte Video are not gab free siesta," and the rest that you state hz yYaes the novonuaent of this republic ? Yea =S o ber tblerffit_same Sour or Ave hours, and in so short a tapsillllltt br you to have studied its si tuation ; die Via se, whim pea even kept aloof from yea persona wM odd have expildiald it to you. It is, thereinto, conclusive the dr data aped - which your opinion has bus f o rmed must bays bean so to you away from Meats Video ;either is Buenos le the Cerrito, or ea beard that vessel of your sovereigkeildels you have chowsse your residence, although you might ban found in Monte Vida • society quite as cultivated, at hest, as that actually exist's. in Buenos Ayres, which you so familiarly frequented. Is those three places alone can you have acquired the data whit& have led you to form the opinion expressed in your note of the 15th. But your judgment,any lord, your penetration es a man of business, ought to have shown you that, in UK= three places, you could only obtain the information of OM party ; that you were surrounded by partisans, or melees friends of the Dictator of Buenos Ayres, from whom dispas sionate or impartial information could not be eapected. If anything I could say, in order toconrince you that your good faith has been deceived, could give me soy hopes of good result, there still being time for you to retrace your steps, believe me, my lord, nothing would be euier for me than to show the free action of the Orientals who defend Monte Video, and of the government presiding over them. It would,perhaps, be sufficient to mention a fact which recently occurred in your own presence. It would be enough to point out to you, in the o ffi cial papers of Buenos Ayres and - Miguelete, that the nomination of General Garibaldi—with whom, by the by, I learn with pleasure you expressed a desire to become acquainted, and whom you received politely —to be commander-inalaief of the army, is repeatedly ' *a be a most positive proof that the - -nt sad armed to be a rm.. prom . government _ the Orientals; are under the control of foreigners. Well, my lord, General Garibaldi was replaced• few days afterwards in that path] Colonel Villagran, an Oriental officer, without the armed foreigners in the least degree impeding the free action you deny this government to possess, without the least appearance of that coercion which you allege as a rincipal motive of your conduct. Let us, my lord, be logical : if the naming of General Garibaldi was a proof that the free action of the government was controlled, the sub stitution of that officer by an Oriental must be admitted as a proof of the contrary. I could furnish many other facts like this: but what effect will they produce, my lord ? It is now too late ; your die is cast. " The blockade," you say, " has lost its primitive character of a coercive measure against General Roses." Such is the fact, my lord. But who could possibly expect the cough quence that you have deduced from this fact ? The gorses meat of your sovereign ordered this blockade with a clearly defined object, of which I shall presently have the honour to remind you: if those charged with its exe cution altered its character, by permitting its relaxation, the natural, the logical, conclusion would have been to re store its primitive character by making it more strict, so al to obtain the end for which it was established. But to assert, as your note substantially doe., "it is my duty to carry on properly a blockade, but I raise it because I execute it badly, I must confess, my lord, appears to me but very poor logic. Permit me, however, to state that this is not the worst. You give as reasons for raising the blockade and discontinuing the intervention of your forces: Ist, the coer cion to which you suppose the Orientals are subjected; and' 2nd, the alteration in the character of the blockade. But, supposing, my lord, that 1/on Manuel Oribe, instead of having, as you affirm, accepted the armistice, had refused it, as completely as the Dictator Roses refused your propositions for peace, such a refusal would in no degree have modified the two fact, which you allege as motives for your conduct just as much coerced would the Orientals have been, and the blockade just as much relaxed, with General Oribe's ac ceptance of the armistice as without it ; so that, according to your own method of reasoning, you would have had ex. actly the same motives for raising the blockade and retiring ia the one cue as in the other. Oa referring to the instructions which the Earl of Aber deen gave to Mr. Ouseley, dated 20th February, 1845, 1 find that the government of your sovereign entertained hopes that the conduct of the Dictator Roses would not render it necessary to have recourse to the blockade of the port of Buenos Ayres. " The objects," he adds, " which they have immediately in view—the restoration of peace and a tran quil government to the republic of the Uruguay—the re moval of pressure from its capital end the re-opening of its ports to foreign trade—may be effected without any such measure; but her Majesty's government do not conceal from themselves that circumstances may force them to take the step ; and, should all other efforts to induce General Rotas to abandon the cause of General Oribe, and to con clude a peace, fail, you are authorised to suggest its adeption to your French colleague." Mr. Ouseley's efforts failed, just as your own, my lord, have failed. Then the measure of the blockade was resorted to. Your government solemnly approved it; and through the medium of the London Gazette, their official organ, noti fled it to the world. This blockade, my lord, is the same you have found existing : the immediate objects for which it was established are those you rind expressed in Lord Aber. deen'a instructions, according to which it should not have been raised, except on obtaining the re-establishment of peace; yet you have raised it without having obtained it, when General Row consented to abandon the cause of General Oribe, and you have raised it when he has declared to you that he will not abandon it, when the actual pressure was removed from Monte Video, and you have raised it, my lord, not only before such pressure was removed, but trying precisely to justify your act upon that very pressure—the government's being with out money and without credit. It is really astonishing. The difficulties of Monte Video were amongst the motives which Induced your government to establish the blockade, until they were removed ; and these same difficulties are now the motives for your raising it, increasing them. I afterwards refer to the joint note which Messrs. Def faudia and Ouseley addressed to the government of this re public, on the 4th of August, 1846, and I find that " the ob ject of their mission was what is indicated in the treaties of 1828 and 1840 ; that is to say, the perfect and absolute inde pendence of the republic of the Uruguay. But, in order that this independence should exist, it is necessary that the troops, the squadron, and with them all Argentine in fluence, disappear from the country." On these bases, and for these ends, the two plenipotentiaries required the sincere co-operation of the government, and they did not hesitate in demanding the solemn assurance of its sincere adhesion. Solemnly and sincerely was it ainn by this government, in its official reply of the 6th of the same month ; and I cannot my lord, do you the injustice of believing that you doubt that, from that time, a solemn compact was concluded for mutual co-operation, in bringing about the above-men tioned objects. Now, however, you withdraw that co-operation in which the name of your government was pledged to that of this republic, without this government having violated its promise' ; you withdraw, leaving in the Oriental territory the Argentine troops and the influence of Rosas supreme ; and instead of endeavouring to obtain the retirement of those troops, you raise the blockade of all the ports, through which they can obtain supplies, and, augment, if needful, their forces. I am sorry, my lord, that the limits to which I am com pelled to reduce my letter will not permit my explaining to you as folly as I could hive wished, the guarantees you have obtained from Don Manuel Oribe. I can only say that the 9th article of his acceptation of the bases brought by Mr. Hood, to which his letter alludes, has special reference to the Bth article ; and this only grants amnesty and guarantees from the date of his acceptance. The official journal of the Miguelete has categorically explained this phrase, asserting that the confiscations previous to the acceptation would still exist. I cannot any longer, my lord, trespass upon your attention. Permit me to close this letter by expressing some doubts which probably are entertained by all parties. Roam has rejected your proposals for peace; in consequence, you have broken off all negotiations with him, as you announced to your own countrymen, and immediately left Buenos Ayres; you, nevertheless, have ordered the demotion of the only hostility which your country carried on against Row, and you have withdrawn all ulterior interven tion. What more would you have done had the dictator accepted your propositions, and concluded a definitive arrangement? Is Great Britain now in the habit of sending extraordinary envoys instructed to act is the same manner whether they are successful or unsuccessful ? Another doubt, my lord : in what political situation have your countrymen 'at Buenos Ayres been left ? In peace or in war ? The first does not appear likely, as you yourself announced the nego tiations for peace broken off; nor the second either, since you have ordered the ceasing of all further hostility. Without venturing, my lord, to ask you to resolve these doubts, I have only wished to present them to your con. sideration; and I have the honour of renewing the assur ances of my being your most obedient servant, THE PRIN CIPAL EDITOR OP THE " COMERCIO DE LA PLATA." H.M.S. Raleigh, off Monte Video, July 21, 1847. Sit,—l have received, through the medium of your jour nal, two letters addressed to me. You will naturally excuse a person in my position from entering into a disquisition upon what I conceive, right or wrong, to be my duty; but, as these letters are written in a gentlemanlike style, in per fect g ood taste, and in that fair and legitimate tone of dis elusion to which the acts of a public servant are justly ►menable, I can nature you that I have reed them with that consideration to which they have an undoubted claim.—l have the honour to remain, sir, your faithful servant, HO NVDEN.—To the editor of the Comercio de la Plata, Monte Video. NARRATIVE OF THE ESCAPE OF MR. MACKENZIE. The Toronto GloieletTinbiisied an account of the escape of the insurgent leader Mackenzie, after the value ensful attempt made by him in Dec., 1837. We give the following abridgment The circumstances which attended my successful effort to escape from the neighbourhood of Toronto to Buffalo, in December,lB37, through. thickly settled country,the people of which were generally speaking lonrand well acquainted with me, as will be seen by the following narrative, are truly remarkable. I would hare published this narrative at the time the events occurred had I not keen apprehensive that its details might injure several very worthy individuals. On the forenoon on which the party in opposition to Governor Head were worsted, near Toronto, Thursday, Dec. 7, 1837, a ball struck my worthy friend, Captain Wide man,in the head,killing him on the spot ; and a person ne m the city brought intelligence to Col. blunt, who stood den by, that the two wings of the tories, armed with several additional pieces of artillery, were hemming us in, and had been ordered to cut elf our retreat. It evidently appearing that success for the insurgents wet, at that time, impossible, the colonel: and many others gave way and crossed the field to the parallel line of read weetof Yonge-street. Perceiving that we were not yet pursued, I paned on to Yonge-street, and the first farmer I met, being a friend, readily gave me his horse—a trusty sure-footed creature, which that day did me good service. Although it was known that we had been wonted no one interrupted us, save in friendship. At the Golden Line, ten miles above the city, I overtook Col. Anthony van Armond, • Dutch offiert, of many years' ezperieuos under Nspoloos. He agreed with me that we should at once make for the Niagara frontier, but was taken almost immediately after by a party who had fret out from Governor Head's camp, to pin the rewards then offered there. Finding myself clearly pursued and re peatedly fired at, I left the high road with one friend (Mr. J. R.), and made for Shepard'smills. The fleetest horsemen of the official party were so close upon as that lhad only time to jump off my horse and ask the miller (himself a tory) whether a large body of men then on the heights were friends or foes, before our pursuers were climb ing up the steep ascent almost beside me. When I overtook Colonel Lount, he had, I think, about ninety men with him, who were partly armed. We took some refreshments at a friendly farmer's near by. Lount was for diepersing. I proposed that we should keep in a body, and make for tne United States, yid the head of Lake Ontario, as our opponents had the steamers but only 16 persons went with me. I had no other arms than a single-barrel pistol, and we were all on foot. Some of my companions had no weapons at all. We made for the Humber-bridge. through Vaughan, but found it strongly guarded—went up the river a long wily, got some supper at the house of a farmer, crossed the stream on • foot bridge, and by two next morning reached the hos pitable 131111114011 of • worthy settler in Dundasateet, utterly exhausted with cold and fatigue. Blankets were hung over the windows to avoid suspicion, food and beds prepared, and while the tories were carefully searching for us we were sleeping soundly. Next morning (Friday) those who had arms buried them, and we agreed to separate and make fur the frontier, two and two together. A lad in his 19th or 20th year accompanied me, and such was my confidence in the honesty and friendship of the country folks, protestant and catholic, European and American, that I went undio guised and on foot, my only weapon at the time being Dug gan's pistol, and it not loaded. Address was now wanted much more than brute force. We followed the concession, parallel and next to the great western road, saw and talked with numbers of people, but with none who wanted the government reward. About three in the afternoon we reached Comfort's mills, near Streetsville ; we were there told that Col. Chisholm, and 200 of the hottest orangemen, and other partisans, were divided into parties searching for us.—Mr. Comfort harnessed up his waggon for our use, into which my companion and I got, and • young Emeralder drove us down the Streetaville-road, through the Credit vil lage(Springfield)in broad daylight, and along Dundas.street, bills being then duly posted for my apprehension, and I not yet out of the county. Yet, though known to everybody, we proceeded a long way west before danger approached. At length, however, we were hotly pursued by • party of mounted troops ; our driver because alarmed, and with era son, and I took the reins and pushed onward at full speed over a rough, hard-frozen road, without snow. Our pur suers nevertheless gained on us, and when near the Sixteen- Mile Creek we ascertained that my countryman, Colonel Chalmers, had • party guarding the bridge. The creek swells up at times into • rapid river—it was now swollen by the November rains. What was to be done ? Young W. and I jumped from the. waggon, made toward the forest, asked a labourer tee road to Esquesdng, to put our pursuer. off our track, and we were soon in the thitlest of the patch of woods near the deep ravine in which flows the creek named and numbered arithmetically as the Sisteen. The men in chase came up with our driver almost immediately after we left, took him prisoner, seized his tram, gave the alarm to all the tories and orangemen in that 1 art of Tea t (algae, and in an hour or thereabouts we were annoyed by the reports of rifles and the barking of dogs near by the place where we were hidden. Some who saw me at Com fort's mills went and told the armed tories of Streetrtille, who instaetly went to the worthy man's house, where they , ' insulted and threatened his intrepid end true-hearted wife, proposed to make a bonfire of his premises, handcuffed and chained bim, threw him into a waggon, and dragged him off to Toronto gaol. He lay long in prison untried, and was only released to find his excellent wife (who had been in the family way) in her grave. There was but one chance of scope, surrounded as we were, and that was to stem the stream, and cross the swollen creek. We accordingly stripped ourselves naked, and, with the surface ice beating against us, andlholding our garments over our heads, in a bitter cold De. cemeer night, buffetteci the current, we were:soon up to our necks. I hit my foot against a stone, let fall tome of my clothes (which my companion caught), and cried aloud with pain. The cold in that stream caused me the most cruel and intense sensation of pain I ever endured, but we got through, though with a better chance for drowning, and the frozen sand on the banks seemed warm to our feet when we once more trod on it. In an hour and a half we were under the hos pitable roof of one of the innumerable agricultural friends I could then count in the country. I found them ready to risk life and property to aid me. The sons and daughters of the Nelson farmer kept a talent watch outside, in the cold, while I and my companion slept. By Saturday morning we bad reached Wellington-square, by the middle road. The farmers' dogs began to bark loudly, the heavy tramp of a party of horsemen was heard behind us—we retired a little way into the woods—eaw that the men were armed—entered the road again—and half an hour before twilight reached the door of an upright magis trate, which an English boy at one, opened t n us. I sent up my name, was requested to walk up stairs (in the dark), and told that the house, barns, and every part of the premins had been twice searched for me that morning, and that M'Nab'a men, from Hamilton, were scouring the country in all directions, in the hope of taking me. I asked if I had the least chance to pass downward by the way of Burlington Beach, but was answered that both roads were guarded. Believing it safest, we went behind oar friend's house to a thicket. At dawn of day it began to snow and show foot marks, and I concluded to go to a form near by. Its owner thought I would be quite safe in his bun, but I thought not. A peas-rick, which the pigs had undermined all round, stood on a high knoll, and I chose it for a hiding-place. In due time Colonel M'Donnell, the high sheriff, and his posse, stood before me. House, barns, cellars, and garret were searched, and I the while quietly looking on. When the coat seemed clear, my terrified host, a wealthy Canadian, came up the hill as if to feed his pigs, brought me two bottles of hot water for my feet, a bottle of tea, and several slices of bread and butter; told me that the neighbourhood was literally harassed with bodies of armed men in search of me, and advised that I should leave that place at dark. We went to the dwelling of an old friend, to whom I stated that I thought I would now make a more speedy, yet equally sure, progress on horseback. Ile risked at once, and that too most willingly, not only his horse, but also the knowledge it might convey that he had aided me. I entered the village alone in the night and made for the mountain country above Hamilton. I got a fresh horse near Anteater, from an old comrade a noble animal, who did me excellent service—pursued my jour ney in • concession parallel to the mountain road above Hamilton, till I came near to a hoes* well Heisted up, and where a guard was evidently posted to question wayfarer' —and I, as it then seemed the safest course, pulled down the worm fence, and tried to find my way through the Bin brook and Glanford Woods, a hard task in daylight, but far worse in the dark. For several weary hours did I toil through the primeval forest, leading my horse, and unable to get out or find a path. The barking of a dog brought me, when near daylight, to a solitary cottage, and its inha bitant, a negro, pointed out to me the Twenty-Mile Creek, where it was fordable. I mounted my horse and rode off. At some ten miles distance, a farm newly cleared, and situ ated in a by-place, seemed a safe havea. I entered the house, called for breakfast, and found in the owner a stout Hiber nian farmer, an erangeman, from the north of Ireland, with a wife and five fine curly-headed children. I took breakfast, saw my horse watered, and fed with oats in the sheaf, and then asked Mr. Waters to be so kind os to put me in the way to the Mountain Road, opposite Stoney Creek, which he agreed to do, but evidently with the utmost reluctance. After we had travelled about a quarter of a mile in the woods, he turned round at a right angle, and said that was the way. " Not to the road," said I. " No, but to Mr. M'lntyre, the magistrate," said he. Here we came to a full stop. He was stout and burly; I, small and slight made. I soon found that he had not even dreamed of me as a rebel ; his leading idea was, that I had a habit of borrowing other men's horses without their express leave—in other words, that I was a horse-thief. Horses had been stolen, and he only did his duty by carrying a doubtful case before the nearest justice, whom I inferred to he one of M'Nab's cronies, as he was a new man of whom I had never before heard, though a freeholder of that district, and long and in timately acquainted with its affairs. This was a real puzzle. Should I tell Waters who I was, it was ten to one but be would seize me for the heavy reward, or out of mere party zeal or prejudice, if I went before his neighbour, the new t:tads justice, he would doubtless know mid detain me on a charge of high treason. leaked Mr. Waters to explain. He said that I had come, in great haste, to his house, on • De cember Sunday morning, though it was on no publie road, with my clothes torn, my face badly scratched, and my horse all in a foam; that I had refused to say who I was, or where I came from, had paid him a dollar for • very humble break fast, been in no haste to leave, and was riding one of the finest horses in Canada, making at the same time for the frontier by the most unfrequented paths, and that many horses had been recently borrowed. My manner, he ad mitted, did not indicate anything wrong, but why did I stu diously conceal my name and business ? And if all was right with me, what had I to fear from • visit to the !memo( the nearest magistrate ? I held a parley with my detainer. " I am an old magistrate," said '' but at present in • situation of some difficulty. If I an satisfy you as to who I am, and why I am here, would you desire to gain the price of any man's blond ? " He seemed to shudder at the very idea of such a thing. I then administered an oath to him, and with more solemnity than I hod ever done the like when acting judicially, he holding up hie right hand as we Irish and Scottish presbyterians usually do. When he had ascer tained my name, he directed me how to get into the main road, and feelingly urged me to accept his personal guidance to the frontier. I perceived an armed party when a third of mile off. I turned short towards St. Catherine's, when I got to Sinithville, and seemed to have taken that road down hill at full speed. Instead of doing so, however, I turned a corner, put my horse very gaickly in the stable of a friendly Canadian, Samuel Chamber, whose sire was a United Em pire Royalist, entered his hospitable abode, ho being still at church, beheld my pursuers interrogate a woman who had seen me pass, and then ride furiously onward by the St. Catherine's road, and then went quietly to bed, and rested for some four hours, had a comfortable supper with the family and what clothes I required. A trusty companion was also ready to mount his hone, and accompany me the last forty miles, to Buffalo, should that attempt prove practicable. About eight o'clock on Sunday night Chandler and I left Smithville. We turned our heroes' heads toward Buffalo, crossed the Twenty, ventured to take a comfortable supper with a friend, whose house was on our way, crossed the Welland canal and the Chippewa river, steering clear of the officials in arms in them) parts, and got safe into Crowlasid before daylight. We soon awoke Mr. C—, left our horses in his pasture, and he immediately accompanied us on ova way to the Niagara river on foot. On inquiry, he found that all the boats ma the river (tempt thin* at the ferries, which were well guarded) had been seised and taken cu. t. by the officers of government. Thare was but one exeepei st. Capt.,bi'Afee, of Bettie, who resided on the banks of sly Niagara, opposite the head of Grand Island, was believed's have kept one of his boats locked up beside his carriages / hesitated not a moment in advising Mr. to nuy sa. difficulty I wee in to him, in cue he had a boat, for, altb he had had no knowledge of, or belief and participatio n, the outbreak, yet he was well known to be a strictly ? ta t man, benevolent, not covetous, a memb er o f t h e Me • Episcopal Church, very religious, and in all be said or did very sincere. It was about amine on Monday morning wk.* I reached his farm ; an excellent breakfut had been pre. pared for ua, and I was much fatigued and also hung', But there wan a military patrol on the river, and bal m ; sitting down to a repast I thought it safe to step out sad ay it the coast was clear. Well for me it was that I did so. oid Col. Kerby, the custom-house officer, opposite Black and his troop of mounted dragoons, in their green undoes', and with their carbines ready, were so close upon us, vi e w ' , up by the bank of the ricer, that had I not then °bu m ," their approach, they would have caught me at breakfast Nine men out of ten, in such en emergency, would have hesitated to assist me, and to escape by land wan, at di s t time, evidently impossible. Mr. M'Afee lon not a abaft —his boat was hauled across the road and launched lash stream with all possible speed—and he, and Chandler, rdg were scarcely a fl oat in it, and out a little way, below sha bank, when the old Tory colonel, and his green-coated of horse, with their waving plumes, were parading in hut of his (Mr. M'Afee.) dwelling.—This narrative is sigan and dated New York, Sept. 15. SUCCESSFUL RESULT OF THE HUDSOVB BAY COMPANY'S ARCTIC EXPEDITION. It is known that in July, 1846, the Hudson's Say Company dispatched an expedition of 13 person, front Post Churchill, in Hudson's Bay, under the command of D r. John R ie, for the purpose of surveying the unexplored pot_ tion of the Arctic coast at the north-eastern nngle of tit. American continent. This expedition has now retureag. after having traced the coast all the way from the Led Mayor's Bay of Sir John Ross to within • few mile; of th s Straits of the Fury and the Hecla—thus proving Sir lobs Ross to have been correct in stating Boothia Felix to b oa peninsula. The details will be found in the following k b. stract of a report just received by the Hudson's Day Cas a patsy : The expedition under my charge left Churchill on the sth of Jely. 1816, fur the purpose of tracing the cwt of America between Dam and Simpson's furthest, and the Strait of the Fury and Ueda, a ~, turned in safety to this :dame* the Gth inst., after busing, by travel, ling over the ice arid snow in the spring, survey ed the east from tai Lord Mayor's Ray of Sir John Rom to within eight or ten miles er the Fury and Mesta Strait; thus proving that eminent navigator was correct in stating Boothia Felix to be a portion of the American coo. Uncut. After leaving Churchill the crews of the boats were di. Yid.' into watches, so that we continued under rail day and night wbenever the weather was aufflciently moderate, On the 23d we made the traverse from the south to the north aide at the entrance of the Vfm, r River with some difficulty, and koldiage oar course towards Fteouine Bay, about wren p.m.. on the 2 as rounded Cape Hope, and sailed up during the night to wallet deg mike of the head of the bay, where he cast anchor for a few km; under shelter of a small island near its south More. At three pm. on the 25th, we entered Gams'. Cove. From a chart drawa by mg of the party, I Inferred that the Arctic Sea ;named Akkodee), ta e m west of Melville peninsula, was not More than 10 Tulin MANS,. • NNW. diiection, and that about 95 mites of the distaste eau occupied by deep Likes so that we would have only five Wand land to drag our boat over, a mode of proceeding white I h i d decided upon, even had the distance been much greater, le pref fence to going round by the Fury and Ilecla Strait. unloaded the boats, and paced one of them. with the greater= the cargo, in security, tee other was hauled three miles up a rigid and narrow river, which flowed from one of the lakes we ware tepee through. This work occupied us the whole of the 26th, as %Um. rent was very strong. and the channel so full of large Molder stunts that the men were frequently up to the want in ice-cold) water wklht lifting or launching the boat over these impediments. On the 27th, we reached the lake, which was ail mile+ long, and varied from half a mile to 2Ou yards in breadth, its depth being in some plaew upwards of 30 fathom.. After traveralng several lakes, and cnia.ing over de "on the Ist of Aiming we entered a shallow Arms flow. rig ' E 4 northward. Following tbia, w arrived at the ars at p.m., ia Lat. 0d.13m. eus. north ; longitu e de, by account, b:d. Mee west Early on the morning of the tad we carried the baggage a Mils further down the stream, and afterwards, with much trouble, draned oar boat over some shoals. We were now 'dud in s salt water aba of • few maw in width. and we steered towards the only appareat opening, bearing north. After tracing the More for 11 miles en passed a steep rocky point, which wan named Point Hargrave. At 11, a. a., on the 3rd, we rounded a high bear cape, which was cad after the Indy of Si, John Henry Petty, Bart., governor of tee Hod. eon's Bev Company. It is situated in latitude 67d. 28. 00s. north; longitude, by account, 87d. 40m. weet. With much eaertian we advanced three milea beyond the cape, when are were enchant by the lee, no that we could neither advance nor retre. The shore still kept its north-wait trending, and presented a succession of low muddy points and alternate bars. There was a fresh breeze off shore on the sth, which had but little effect upon the ice. I therefore determined on returning, and if pm. Bible, creasing over to Melville Peninsula for the purpow of awing its shores to the Fury and Hecla Strait- By chopping off some ywas of ice, and pushing witic other., after much exertion we succeeded in getting our boat mime ice somewhat lea slowly pecked. Duringom detention the weather had been so foggy that no observations of any value could be obtained; our clothes were all the time either quite wet or damp, our fuel was nearly expended, and we had much dill malty In finding water that was drinkable. Working our way among the ice until a mile or two put Pant Ilargrare, there now appeared to be sufficient open water to allow us to crow over to Melville eels. rut., the waren point of which tore N.E. (true) distant ten miles. We completed the traverse in flee bourn, amid.: torrents of rain, accommnied by thunder and lightning, the win I having shifted from south-west to cast. Haring secured the Lot to the rodti the men, although drenched to the skin, went Immediately to sleep in their wet clothe,, 18 hours hard work at the oars and lea poles baring thoroughly tired them all. There was a thick fog . with rain all the night of the 6th, but about 6 o'clock on the monolog of the 7th a hash breeze from S.E. dimmed the mist. A. won as the weather clawed up we started, but our progress wa+ very slew ' • in four hours we gained as many miles, and were again stopped byorar constant enemy. Early on the Bth it became calm, and PO plight bad been the effect of the late gale, that the Me had nearly surrounded us before we got our anchor up. Tee boat could not be placed In eafetv here; I therefore decided on running back to our starting Point, and there await some favourable change. A eight ',there aided our retreat, but the ice followed awe in our rear, and before we had been hall an hour under akeltiv retry spot of open water was filled up. I prepared to walk acroes to at. pulse Bay, to learn how the men left there were getting forward with the arrangements for wintering. Leering three men In chore of the boat, I started on the 9th, in company with tee other three, and reached our destination on the following day, at two p.m. After OF turn consideration, ! determined on giving up all hopes of Pr 7 tl the surrey at present. On the I I th, reteLniug one man with ri,4 l to guard our store* and attend the nets, the remaining six were pent to assist in bri n ging over the boat. They returned on the 15th, baring been only two days crossing. Two Esquimaux had accompanied time to waist, and elm to act as guides; three of the " ponams" were thus avoided, and the party had likewise the advantage of a fine fair breeze in the lakes. The Esquimau, bad wrought well, and were liberally rewarded. One of them, a merry little fellow, named Iva- Chuk (.4n lice Seahorse) was engaged to accompany me on my i s. spring journeys Over the mow and ice. All hands were my busily occupied In making timparations fur a long and cold winter. To build a house was: our first object, and, there being no wood, stones were collected at a favourable mot, in a hollow on the month aide of the river, a quarter of • mile from the re. On the 2d of Sep. timber our ho use Was furnished. Its internal dimension+ were 20 feet bog by 14 feet brad; height In front 7S feet, sloping to 51 at the back. The roof was formed of oilcloth,: and morns skin coverings, the mats mad oars of our boats serving as rafters. The door wan made of perthmest deerskin* stretched over a frame of wood. It was named Fort Hope, and it was eituated in latitude 66d. 31.,. lee north, lois pitinle (by a number of seta of lunar distances) 56d. 55.515. west The variation of the campus on the 30th of August. IBg, was 62d. 50.305. west; dip of the needle. Aid. 14m.: and the mean time of 100 vertical vibration, in the line of declination, 2165. The winter was extremely etormy, Indeed so much so that frequently we could not move fifty yards from the house for several days together. Towards the end of February preparadons for our spring Journeys were commenced. I bad intended setting out on my journey owe tee land ad ice on the Ist of April, but an accident that hawed to Ouligbuck detained me until tee sth, on which day I left Fat Hope. In company with three men, the Erquonam, Ibit-chuk, and Ouglibucka son, as interpreter. Our bedding and provisions wee placed on two sledge', each drawn by four dog.; for two days oar route was the some as that by bast through the lakes last autumn. On the 7th, when two miles from the sea, we struck acres land to the weetweel, and built our snow house on a snag lake four miles from Point Hargrare. This being the hart teeth wear lake we were likely to see far some days our sled-reopen were rot iced. A deco, breeze of head wind, with thick snow drift, impeded our mamma a Oa Bth, but we neverthelem advanced sewn mike beyond Ow lady Telly before eseamping. The 9th proved Moe, and the imams Ins rough than that pawed over the previous day, bat nor dogs barb &ft, and one of them haring become quite welms gm that. About on the 10th we arrived opposite • rounded pant/whisk was mama lSspe Wey - nton. Our weave now lay acmes a bay Worn els mambo NMI tall wide, which received the name of Colrile, is berm of the depatyisorereos of the compeny. The north pound the bay, alike we reached the following forenoon, was ailed brankft, after the learned and scientific hydroffnOW to the Admiralty. Our next encampment was in Keithly, minuted la he. bd. 17m. OM- N., long Md. 22m. 00s. W. The awn hereto* adore turn to the eastward, and our Esquimau. ca. psalm bibbed me, that by creasing overland, in Dorte-west direc tion, to • bop bay which he had formerly visited, we should shatem our deems, gonaiderably. I fiscided on adopting tee *wee= and left the beat on the bereft of the 12th. On the was very obeirny, with a beistatare of 20d. below zero, We wired at the dap mad bob dye boy woken of by our Snide, alla old by him Altaloa4l-guArlak. Yea imps Were now nearly determined ea baring then hems 1510 ems of the partT,Al_. the Regaterar. be the riffl••• releVitilig I= l . T ie , pomade, lo kit Nab, slash wen amereas; abbe i, Sae _ me; proeseded to tease tbe eseseador of le e s eseeibered *NIL 10, 15th was so stoney the we eels she Mewl On wee tbe bre but early In the ',nonsked** Ibla oft at la ss alb Mel the men, for the purpose of Ikesedeg the met es sane pit ow 'eyed by far John Rote, as I seer Ytaatlmt Sot that same Br coverer IFISIMITIKa I. Ma *ohs • Be Deeehla Fella being part dale Aeeetes eastimit We dlrselal air Nam he the earthen r bad, whisk We 17 miles M o te: The sseattier was beaotifel Welk and th ° Ids Wed . • bide molt et broogla at lbs point tOialltel seusi we bra yeseeediag, in time le a • meridian obieraitles der eft. Omo BMW In situated in Wade 69d. 4m. lea north, ad Iseelbals SI, See. were It is formal ea tirety of 'matte, partially email alt mom Thirteen miles bspeel Oats we arrived at two sinew pekes Is the small bay. The SIM still trended to the NW., and we bed ant handled more Umber lament's on the 180, when the omit took • sharp tun le the alb ward. We had been tracing the west ids of • deep inlet, whisk via name' flalkett, after ono at the ambeas of your hon. board. An we were now ear the Isis & awl loneitude of Lad Bay of Sir John Paw I Mask alma lead newly i n a NV= don. sad at say wigs wig war • moldoroblo ake, the WHIM 694116. IN mem. I ass. rash vas observed Affssineing three albs lie yowl Ildelrealallel arbor Paha, sed, as there was al pla 1► peraire edam, I adored by otoopokoot to build • swim MI aad alma lir bal slit I welt le bat be the root. A waa Wastes bought me lan aa We met mere than • ottartilt d a mac wide. This I trued to the westward kr three silks, who Sr looms weespla oburnetsd by bad. bone high rein from whites good view could be abides; I I could I third& 1 16,11 lee In the baked .teach. ith I hopes I eat eat st • p o n d 55, deeP . e saramhisig war melts and be, witil 1 same ebbe Mow to be beak. the seat now abed, as ler as the eye sm sea le tie seeth.dee ri a mis l: lame sent I Wanda Ladof Re y'ise-oover serlded vllk inn Na/px'a west rae. sad the bbi lie were Ohre masa by Mr Ma law, the Om of the of be trashSeelbed. Whims which oemesile re lbe easelnesed vela Desilds Pall; le on', one Tube beeed, rd. br= by the warm steers wt. are up on It, mum le be • resod atlas Nethimi. Its latitude I. cod. Sta. =lda besdeleft a assoond Old. Ida Ma west. With • gralski bort Islam des thoo bedsit serjeteesy so far to a aresedel 1•1111•Iftes, to Mamie aq NW towards my essaysthess. ail at • nee WM remised Ile mow mensal sew ows—le cynic' • yluisat aleht's reel after the Ibilgoes d ale da. Os dee dellyebd tai tak r tzeleall• dr O r allroverlaa OM we p es oar Mom lamb& I • Platt e . „mai . .. L ....me route es WO br Alb vs biedeimed to eat arrived et Reptiles PIA to dee Mk of Slay, all=viik betas Week se menses, 1 . 11. eambleed et tam bliss sad eft awls. At rear waiter quarters everything had me a issedosseeby. Mooing still he Ina the wog and 1 luau Coin Beim Woo Ord' bad, office Woo noon the nic■ Dieo On t lion Mitt , certi 1846 educ - Aft Blue W. I Harr terho J. A. Nary duort P.a. ten int! , elas' ber 2,1 E Mir gar sin the the ing