The Express. — London, England, 1847-12-29 00:00:00

Eire eprtgo. MAILS malls for Naw South Wale*. Pas Dimbees Lead, end New Zeelead will be made up as the ~slag of 661114 December. TM malls tor WM* Net& Ammlea, sea Me Usebst Magas .4 bear N. sumimi etas SIN DOSllinit. tles Was DAS smasibeg isnewb. Mrs" Ileadens, New Debeess. sels Om% mei Peres 11 1. = brislies then kr listilva. Mom% same serme, Owe, imams, Weft 01101 SeeSS ma IL Irma- Itiemetres, will be rata :a ny * um ii slss ate lid Wes smils tee MO" Ott- =Seas SUPS. AWN. Difilies WM. w Is sole se milts mieslorst this Jemmy. The iris Ire Me Itnalls. r Sher Plate, Masts SUM raellem • =l22 o llries ssul Illesese Lyrae, will m such ap . atr Tbe mit ke Vise, User% lAMB, Measles, OWL, ma 011inatu will bombs" OS Ms magef Ng of the 7th January. TM ~Sri elmbil ai Memealea, as Itedlterresees kW*, aMs. M= Asa& am, will be seas up as Us swans et Ms Tit perusal of reports in-doors, jumped up, in the fear of being buried, from the effects of reports out-of-doors. The only explanation that could be got at was, that " somebody was blowing up something on the river." The two reports, which had convulsed the stability of the building, and the peace of mind of its occupants, are preliminary, it is said,;to a grand explosion to come off this week. Since this information was given, it is noticed that departures for the country have been unusually numerous from " the disturbed districts " of , the Temple, or, in other words, the courts adjoining the river. " Who is doing what ?" is the question. Is it the society for the reformation of the law, recklessly clearing away some obstinate obstruction in the path of justice, or only the conservators of the Thames, conserving that useful thoroughfare at the expense of the buildings on its banks ? In either case, the in mates of the Temple have a right to an explanation, or, at least, to notice when the next blow up is to take place. We write feelingly, as having ourselves been severely shaken by last week's preliminary explo- I alone. What the County Courts' Act is expected to be for the superior courts, this submarine practice on the Thames may prove to the unlucky members of the bar. Hitherto, the great enemy of the Temple has been fire. Hardly one of its smoky and venerable edifices but has been burnt down, some time or other, since the Great Fire. But now, fire allies himself with water, nail he hoped to 101 l legal vigilance into security by such an apparently harmless union. We beg to call upon the authorities, in the name of a whole row full of fellow-alarmista, either to prevent a repetition of this blowing-up process, or, at least, to give due notice to all the inhabitants of the Temple. If there be mud-banks or rocks in the channel of the Thames that moat be got rid of, better the slow and humble agency of dredger and diving-bell than the speedy but shatterisg operation of gunpowder. En glish law abhors violent changes; they are held by it to be essentially destructive. The fall of the Temple, consequent on the violent removal of impediments to the Thames navigation, would be a case in point Ito stop the mouths of all radical law re formers in all time to come. There is "no precedent " for such a proceeding. The mud-bank, if mud-bank it be, has been there for centuries. The bargee know it, and can steer clear of it. It is not thus the law deals with an obstruction in its proce dure. When the nuisance becomes intolerable, the channel is enlarged on either side, perhape. But no irreverent hand is ever laid on the shoal itself. Really, the very serious commotion caused even by the preli minary explosion of the Thames improvers, would seem to go far lin justification of that cautious style, of proceeding which, as lawyers mete it out to others, should certainly be meted out to them. TO COT'S.% TONDINTIL •.• Admillamals 10.11•1 Pr • To. 8p..: 64. Ur •Oes, IR ar..woMaN Two VeYKrW Wi M HIGH WATER AT LONDON 11i DOR Two mts. I ARneago. V =Kw' T. T.lleasow-11.1.44,1 I mks. ram Afteroom A Ain poW LONDON, W EDNESDAY, DEC. 29.1 MUCH virtuous indignation has been spent on I the crime of Mr. WOTHERSPOON, accused of having paid one thousand pounds in order to procure his son a cadetship in our Indian army. And his con duct, no doubt, does constitute a crime, compelled, too, as he was, to cover it by unblushing falsehood. We cannot, however, but think that the true way of repressing such crimes is by prevention, rather than by moral or other condemnation after the fact. Too many of the crimes for which the lower classes of Englishmen are converted into gaol-birds and convicts, are crimes made by the law, traps set for the unwary, temptations overpowering to the poor. The game laws, and in some instances the revenue laws, are of this kind, creating artificial value where value is not, and thus tempting poor devils to risk life and liberty in picking it tip. The law also sets up prohibitions and monopolies, and by thus offering temptations to break through them, tempts the middle or wealthier classes to perjury, subornation, and crime. What are the quantity of oaths required of placemen and functionaries but traps of this kind ? And what is the prize of an Indian cadetship, disposed of in the way it is, but also a strong temptatipn to obtain it in the way which a court of justice so recently condemned. The question is one intimately connected with that other great question of "national defence," at present occupying the attention of the public. The British army is officered by connexion and purchase. Both are requisite. No matter what military propensities or qualifies a boy may show, the career of arms, in her Majesty's service, is denied to him, if his parents have not both money and con nexions. Even if they have the utmost wealth and respectability, both are useless without the grand requisite of connexion, or, in fact, affiliation to the great body of the influential and official. We need not say, what hosts of respectable English youths this excludes from military service. Nor need we add, that it excludes all the colonial subjects of her Majesty. But it will be said, there is the East India Com- puny. Its military appointments are not made by purchase. They are made by connexion. But will any one say, that connexion is one bit better or eater ground for the choice of a cadet than money ? Is the son or the friend's son of the East India director likely to make an atom a better officer than the son of Mr. WOTHERSPOON, the attorney, who having risen in life by his industry, and who not chancing to have connexions at the India house, seeks to supply that want by money? Not in the least- AS far as the public servioe or the India service I. concerned, it is surely just the seine. If the India Board chose cadets from their 'fitness or from competition, then indeed an appointment by purchase would be gross treason against individual right and against the public interest But that money should intrude to interfere with the rights of con nexion, can excite nobody's wrath or regret. Nothing can be fairer or wiser than that a person or a company should nominate its own servants. But the East India Company has ceased to be a trading body, as India has (wand to be the territory of a factory. It is a colony won by the blood, the talents, the military skill, the commercial enterprise, and the political energies, of Englishmen. Every civil and military functionary in India owes responsibility and duties to his country, not to the pecuniary inte rests of any company. To say, therefore, that the East India Company should name its officers and judges, as it might its clerks, is monstrous. Bee the anomalies it produces, the contradictions and absurdities even in its moral and criminal nods. Abundant wealth can procure any one a preponderant share of East India stock. Whether elected a direc tor or not, such an investment of money procures, directly or indirectly, a large amount of patronage. So that the system is, that the pawnor of hundred' of thousands shall always be able to purchase the power or patronage of appointing a dozen of cadets : this shall be honourable and legal in him; but if the possesser of a few paltry thousands or hundreds dares to do the same thing on a smaller scale and purchase one cadetship—off with him to gaol, be is a suborner, a criminal, a traitor. The wholesale pur chase of Indian patronage is licit ; it is only the retail trade in such things which is punished and pro scribed. The whole system of military appointments, and of officering the regiments of the line and of the Indian service, is absurd and unfair. It in general gives to the army men utterly inapt to • military career, and closes the door irrevocably in the face of- those, who from temperament and character are the most fitted for the profession. The officering of the two services ought to be one and the same system, both in the hands of government, and managed by government not for purposes of patronage, or on the stupid system of connexion, bat conducted upon some principle of com petition, and in connexion with a rational system of military and general education. We are aware that the administration of the army is undergoing great improvement, and that the elevation in the soldier's position will probably be such, that the youths of the edu cated classes need no longer shrink from, what is the habit in France, joining the ranks, in order to rise to the honours of the epaulette. This will for ever pre clude the revolting idea that military rank and pre eminence is to be purchased. But if we are to pro hibit the employment of money in 060 stage or kind of mill y appointment or pranotion, we art pro- hibit i t ar in a 4 since no law am ardor one rode of morality for Leadenhall-strest and another for the Horse Guards. In denying the daises of awn wealth we must also destroy the monopoly of con nexion, which is but another name for wealth, or for the rendering of the public interests always sub servient to private ones. The Reform Bill destroyed the rotten borough sys tem of parliamentary and political monopoly, but it left standing a host of rotten boroughs in every de partment of the public service. Indeed, the great anomaly and mistake of our time is, that in destroy ing the great abuses, which ate like a cancer into the legislative power, and neutralised its popularity and usefulness, we have left all the great abuses of adminis trative power still standing, and still powerful enough to defy justice and reform. MR. GEORGE FREDERICK YOUNG has discovered a mare's nest. He announces, with a ponderous at tempt at heroic indignation, that the statistical de partment of the Board of Trade are guilty of "a deliberate violation of truth"—of using " poisoned weapons," and what not. The charge is published in a letter addressed to Mr. LABOUCHERE, in which Mr. YorNo exculpates that gentleman from all com plicity in such naughty doings—one of those volun teer testimonies to a man's character which are im pertinent, in virtue of the insinuation couched in them , that they are needed. Mr. YOUNG has discovered, in a parliamentary paper, a table compiled under the auspices of the Board of Trade, professing to distinguish the amount 1 of British tonnage "employed in the trade with British possessions, and which is protected by the navigation laws, from the tonnage employed in the trade with foreign nations, and which is unprotected from competition with foreign ships." Mr. Yours°, with subtle critical acumen, observes that "the ton nage employed in every one of the trades enumerated in the columns described u ' unprotected trade,' is actually protected in a high degree." Without squab bling as to the height of the degree, it may be ad mitted that they are all protected more or less. To relieve Mr. YOUNG'S mind, therefore, it may be ad visable so to modify the designation of the table in the next edition, as to show that the increase of tonnage has been _greatest in the least protected trades, there being unluckily none that are quite free from the incubus of protection. Mr. YOUNG goes on to observe, that "in some cases" the " unprotectecTErade" is " actually protected to a high degree, and in some cases to an extent amounting to exclusion as absolute as that of the colonial trade." He instances China as an example. By all means let China be transferred to the pro tected column. The British tonnaga employed in the trade to China has increased from 28,270 tons in 1824, to 53,593 in IRO,. a rate of increase rather lower than we find in the tonnage employed to Africa and the Cape of Good Hope. By carrying China to the unprotected or partially protected column, the average increase shown by that column has 'been lowered instead of heightened. We cannot see why Mr. YOUNG should fancy such a misplacement should have originated in a desire to exaggerate. Mr. YOUNG specifies no other trade which is, I de facto, protected by "an exclusion as absolute as the colonial." We will be candid enough to supply his omission. There are two, the trade with the Cape Verde islands, in which the tonnage has in , creased from 0 to 168 tons ; and with the South Sea islands from oto 531. We must, however, beg leave to suggest, that the addition made to the average rate of increase in the tonnage of the partially protected 'trades, by these items, will scarcely compensate the reduction effected by including China under the same ategory : But Mr. 'lmmo has a still graver charge against the compilers of this luckless table :—" The inward entries from France, which in 1842 were 82,6.50, will be perceived to have increased in 1846 to the enormous amount of 556,821 tons. By a return laid before parliament in the present session, on the motion of Lord G. BENTINCK, it ap pears that the steam-vessels entered inward from France in 1846 were 47 in number; their tonnage 7,101 ; and that they were manned by 698 men. These are all included in the " Statement ;" while— can it be believed ?—they are absolutely made to figure as 228,189 tons of the 556,821 tons of British shipping declared to be engaged in the trade with France." At all events this mode of preparing the return is I not new—has not been adopted with a view to mis lrepresentation in the present instance. In all returns; of tonnage entered inwards, every vessel making more than cue voyage in the year is made to count for a distinct vessel every time that it is entered. The annual ag- I gregate of tonnage shows, not the number of vessels, but the number of tons of shipping for which the in ward-bound goods and passenger traffic of the year found employment. Of course vessels from Australia and China can only be entered once every year, while vessels from the West Indies or Nova Scotia are en tered twice or even three times, and vessels from France and the Channel Islands (coasting trades) still more frequently. This mode of reckoning is as likely to tell against as for the rats of Increase in the partially protected trades. Russia, the navigation to which is closed for half the year by ice, is exposed to have the number of Teasels employed in its trade underrated, the ton nage having doubled between 1824 and 1845 ; while the West Indies, accessible all the year round, may, like partially-protected France, or the entirely pro tected Channel Islands, have their number of vessels over-estimated, the tonnage having decreased by one fourth in the same time. In the case of the West Indies, too, and the Channel Islands, be it ob served, steamers making more frequeat voyages, and carrying little else besides passengers, come into play to swell the amount of tonnage, just as in the aae of France. Lavrreas are in the habit of being " blown asp " metaphorically by the press, but they may be allowed , to protest against an attempt to blow them up literally by powder. A new gunpowder plot is currently reported by the "studious Templars '' to be just now in preparation against them and their tene ments. We can testify very feelingly that " the re port," at all events, is not without foundation, what ever the buildings may be which are threatened. Respectable and studious barristers who " eschew delights and love laborious days," even at Christ mas time, sedentary conveyancers, chamber-bound under press of papers, and painful pleader detained from the festivities of the season by the unseasonable benevolence of clients, were twice last week put in bodily fear by the subaqueous proceedings of some explosive experimenters on the Thames in front of the Temple gardens. Two distinct reports, on two distinct days, set the whole build lag front frail Paper-buildings on the east, to showy liareourt-buildings on the west, and the shaky line of Crown-offios-row on the south, rocking es with two distinct shocks of an earthquake. It is no exagge ration to say that the buildings "reeled," from base ment to attic, under thins alarming concussions. Re monstieness poured in to the 'Preunry--affrighted sleeks were mettlieg up and down stairs:ease—learned opinions were suspended—and counsel, buried in the But in reality the question is one of tonnage not of 'vessels. The greater amount of goods and passengers there are to be conveyed between any two countries, the more employment there will be for shipping. The table of which Mr. YOUNG oomplains shows that the comparatively unprotected portion of the shipping interest engaged in the trade with France can now find employment in every year for 556,821 tons in carr ying goods sad passengers, whereas they could only find employasat every year for 82,660 twenty years ago ; whits the entirely protected portion of the lateral trading to Jeesey and Guernsey I h h attly increased their tonnage during the earns period from 98,214 to 125,881. Tbs Inds Ultras Great Bntain and the Channel Wands is as NNW tially a coasting trade as between Great Mien and France. Every vessel will have its fall amount of tonnage entered repeatedly to swell the total of the year in the one case exactly as in the other. And = find the Channel Islands' lausgehni hot even the same time 111111 ISM list of the Toren& tit the meltiplied almost esvemlbld. • • THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 29, 1847. There is, in truth, nothing decrptive nothing unfair in the statement about which Mr.i Youxo makes such an outcry. There is no attempt made to wooed the large increase in the tonnage of the Australian colonies (from 4,073 tons to 39,129), or the decrease in the tonnage from Sweden and Norway (in the one case from 17,074 to 12,623 ; in the other, from 11,419 to 3,313). The statement is a fair and courageous statement both of what ap pears to tell in favour of unrestricted competition in the carrying trade ander what appears to tell against it. And this Mr. YOUNG, from his practical experience of trade, must know right well, though the partisan scribblers, from whom he has taken his complaint at second-hand, have a presumption of ignorance in their favour. The Standardof last night, enraptured beyond mea sure with Mr. Yonsio's letter, laments that a man of his " experience and talents is not still in parlia ment." We might join in the regret, were we dis posed to take unfair advantages in controversy; fur such a stickler upon petty untenable cavils would do much to prepossess any assembly of gentlemen against his side of the question. But even tnough inclined to catch at such an unhandsome advantage, we should deprecate his presence there as adding to the number, already great enough in all conscience, of members disposed to waste time by raising irrelevant dis cussions. The Paris journals of Monday, with our usual datches, have arrived. There is no news of gen eral interest. It will be remembered that in the early part of . last week we announced that the con servative majority had imposed on M. Guizot the necessity of abandoning altogetker his project of in terference with Swiss affairs. It is now affirmed that a courier had then been expedited to meet MM. Colloredo and Radowita, the plenipotentiaries of Aus tria and Prussia, who were known to be en route for Paris, to stop them ; but the courier did not meet them, or if he did it was at a point too near the capi tal to allow them to retrace their steps consistently with their dignity, and accordingly the pleni potentiaries of the still-born congress have arrived very mat aoropos in Paris, to learn from the Pre sident of the Council, ririi roc,, that the cabinet has had reason to change its opinion on the projected diplomatic measure. The Union Monarehique says that the royal speech will contain a paragraph reprobating in strong terms the reform banquets. It is now stated that the aspi rations of the monarchy of the barricades to obtain an ambassador extraordinary and minister plenipoten tiary from the Emperor Nicholas, instead of a mere chargé d'affaires ad interim, is hitherto, are disap pointed. The Emperor of all the Russian will sot, it seems, yield to the instances of M. Guizut in this matter. . . The new postal convention between England and France appeared with a royal ordinance for its exe cution in the Moniteur on Monday. The arrange ments are said to have bsen in some respects objected to by Lord Clamicarde, who wished to have the evening mail depart and arrive earlier, and to be carried with more expedition. M. l)ejean, however, insisted on the holm now pealed. _ The King transacted business on Sunday with the Council of Ministers. His Majesty's hoarseness has nearly disappeared. He passes part of each day with Mme. Adelaide, who has a slight attack of influenza. Lord Nermanby and Lord Brougham were received on Saturday evening by the King and royal family. The Bank of France came to a decision on Monday that on and after Jan. 6 it would lower its rate of dis count to 4 per cent. The Nourellige, of Marseilles, affirms that the eva cuation of Ferrara is again postponed. " Although," says that journal, " it has been generally asserted that the evacuation of Ferrara by the Austrians was on the point of being made, if not already accom plished, letters have been this dn7 received fromßome stating that the negotiations which had been for some time carried on between the pontifical government and that of Vienna on this subject have been sud denly broken off, an event which may be attributed to the high displeasure felt by the Austrian cabinet at the return to Ferrara of the energetic Cardinal Ciacchi." The journals of Algiers, which have arrived .to the 21st inst., give the following report of the situation of Abd-el-Hader. It must be received, however, with reserve, reports of a like import having so frequently proved ill-founded : Abd-el-Kader being, with his deira, surrounded and de prived of resources, came ta • desperate resolution. Seeing no other chance of salvation than is a bold attempt, he de cided on attacking the nearest camp of the enemy, which was commanded by one of the sons of the emperor. He even, it is said, told the Arabs under his orders that those who did not feel that they had courage enough to attach themselves to his destiny were free, and might make their submission to the French. He fixed upon the night of the I Ith for the attack upon the enemy's camp, and on that evening all hi. infantry was sent off, and he followed at the head of his cavalry. He had conceived an infernal plant., cause a panic among the troops of Morocco, and pn fit by their terror. lie had sent forward camels covered with pitch and tar which were to be set on fire when near the camp. This scheme had not, fortunately, all the success that was ex pected be its ferocious author. The sons of Mulsy Abder rahman had by means of clever apies been informed of all the plaits of Abd-el.Kader, and had concerted together to defeat them. On arriving at the camp, Abd-el-Hader found it completely abandoned, and in his vanity imagined, without doubt, that his enemies had not dared to receive him. He ordered the camp to be pillaged, and waited for the next day to continue his march; but what must have been his terror on seeing, at break of day, ail the heights' surrounding him covered with the troops of Morocco! Thus hemmed in by superior forces he saw no other chance of extrication than by forcing the line of his enemies, and boldly rushed forward with his cavalry. He succeeded, but the aff.ur cost him dear, far he left on the ground about 250 of his bravest horsemen, among whom were several chiefs. His intention was to fall back upon his deiza, and return towards the tribes on whom he thought he could still rely, but he soon perceived that the direction which he took led him farther away instead of nearer to it. He was then forced to return, and with great difficulty reached, with his few remaining forces, the banks of the vt on lays. We are mewed that the deira sees pillaged and part of it captured, and everything announces that hie personal position is now completely desperate. What proves this abundantly is, that his brother, Sidi-Mustapha, has applied for the Amen to General Larnoricire, and requested him to amigo him a residence where he can in future live tranquilly. It a said that the general informed him he had only to present himself et the camp. and that the generosity of the French government would secure for him, either in Algeria er in France, an honourable existence, and even faci litate, if he wished it, the visit which he proposed to pay to Mecca. It appears that the ex-Emir had obtained tome adherents in the camp of Morocco, but that this was known to the Emperor. Thus when Bou-Hamedi, the envoy of Ahd el-Hader, presented himself at Fee, the Emperor did not scruple to make him a prisoner. Abdal.Hader, without doubt, then thought that all his plans were discovered, and this led to the bold step which has consummated his ruin. His brother, Si-Raid, who had remained at the dein, has also written to the French authorities to offer his submission. The Madrid mails of the 21st have arrived. It is admitted by the moderado party that there is a split in the cabinet on the question of impeaching the for mer ministries, and that this fact is the true origin of the reports of the probable dissolution of the ministry. On the 21st the senate was occupied with the law to authorise the government to continue to levy the taxes until the end of the month. On the same day the Chamber of Deputies was engaged with the law authorising the government to raise a loan. It was understood that the budget was prepared, and would be immediately submitted to the chamber. The Swiss journals report that the monks of Mount St. Bernard have resisted the decree, which imposed on them a portion of the indemnity to be paid by the canton for the expenses of the war. These ecclesiastics have assumed a bold and con temptuous tone towards the authorities, avowing their intention to seek the support of foreign powers, and, especially, of the court of Turin. They declare that no one mast venture to touch their property, that no temporal power can interfere with the property of monasteries, and, finally, that they will obey no authority save that of the Pope. They further de clared to the federal commissioners, that in conse quence of the capitulation of Valais, they had sent a quantity of valuables to Italy ; that they would not give up the keys .of what remained, and would not communicate their registers to any one; and that they regarded the commissioners of tie Valais (who bad been for five days on Mount St. Bernard, with 12 soldiers and a locksmith) as private individuals, without any legitimate authority over them. The federal commissioners intended to make another amicable attempt to exact the flue, and if they did not succeed, they would matt probably resort to coercive measures. BOMB, Dail 18. The vexed question of making service in the civic guard compulsory on British artists and residents of certain standing hers,• matter which we all thought had been shelved, wee suddenly this morning revived in a note, five pages long, from the Secretary of State to our consul and Mr. Erskine (secretary to Lord Minto), which sets forth the opinion of the committee on war affairs of the Vatican parliament, in which the executive fully joined, making service imperative. The document will be transmitted to-day to Lord Palmerston, and will be a nut for his skilful diplomacy to crack. The attempt to introduce cotton and woollen spin ning f r ames occasioned this week serious fears of a riot in the Trastevere, these primitive Romans having sworn never to allow machinery of any sort to sup plant manual labour. A strong muster of the civic guard, with a display of artillery, was necessary to keep order in the conveyance and erection of the new auxiliaries to productive industry. The fact speaks volumes on the ignorance of the population in matters which all Europe has long since understood. Those employed in the manufacture and sale of cigars in Rome-500 men—have had the money to purchase their regimentals and arms advanced by the great monopolist, under the arrangement of paying back in instalments of a dollar a month. There is need of cultivating popularity just now—l mean with reference to the trial for libel about a charge of rob bing the papal tr usury. The great composer Pacini presided over a monster concert in the Capitol op Wednesday, which produced 500 dollar@ for the guards' accoutrement. AU these details would please your iron duke, if such alacrity in providing for the national defences were exhibited by people in England, who seem determined, after the fashion of their fathers, "to live at home at ease;' and trust to the fickle blast that scattered the Armada. Lord Cloncurry has just commissioned our great Irish sculptor here to erect a fitting and classic memo rial in the national church of St. Isidore, over the grave of the daughter of John Philpot Curran. It is no secret that about the year 1798 the Hon. M. Law less was an unsuccessful suitor for her hand, and his lordship's present directions are alike creditable to the veteran's patriotism, and the love that age has not extinguished. - - His ma:tem secumuleta duels et fungus amaris Maness i From a glance at the journals of Florence, I gather that some earnest men there are laying their shoul ders to the wheel for the purpose of eradicating one of the most vicious institutions of Italy, and one of the most demoralising curses of the late system of mis rule prevalent throughout the whole peninsula. I allude to the penny lotteries by which these miserable govern- ments used to keep the popular mind in a state of pernicious excitement to wean them from more serious thoughts on the utterly hopeless condition to which the stagnancy of the social system reduced them. The time, and calculations, and pious devotions, and charms, and spells, and dreams, and money, which were wasted on this pursuit, would have founded an empire ; and the worst is, that the initiative to its removal has been taken by no statesman yet. It requires an intimate 1 and long intercourse with the Italians to appreciate in every clams the working of this petty spirit of gambling, and how it operates on every mind more or less, from the princess to the washerwoman and beggar. It is an old evil ; the very word (lotto) was a gift of Italy . to every other language, and your word raffle is a derivative from our " as your " ton , tines" were the invention of Abbate Tontini. May the men in Florence carry out their noble crusade ' against the whole system ! The Pope held a secret consistory yesterday at the Quirinal, and at last filled all Me vacant Spanish bishoprics. The names will be officially gazetted this evening. Thus has he given his full adhesion to the present state of things in that quarter of Europe, and flung the whole weight of his influence into the scale of the present ministry. 1. Patriarch of the Indies (West), Antonio Posed& Rubin de Celia; 2. Metropolitan of Saragossa, Emanuel Gomez de las Rivas; 3. Metropolitan of Leopoli (Leon), Winces's° ' Wacklawizeh ; 4. Bishopric of Girona, Florenzo Chorente; 6. Bishopric of Badajoz, Rodrigues Obregon ; 8. Bishopric of Majorca, Raffselle Macao; 7. Bishopric of Zamora, Michele Yirroyen ; 8. Bishopric of Almeria, Anacleto Moore; 9. Bishopric of Avila, Emanuel Santisesban ; 10. Bishopric of Jaen, Giuseppe Escolano ; 11. Bishopric of Grease, Pietro ' Zarandia ; 12. Bishopric of Cuenca, Ruis de Cachupin; 13. Bishopric of Teruel, Antonio Lao of Cadiz ; 14. Bish opric of Goma, Gregoriu Sanchrz ; 15. Bishopric of Lerida, Domenico Costa y Borras ; 16. Bishopric of Carthagena in Murcia, Merriam, Barrio ; 17. Bishopric of the Canaries, Bonaventura Coding ; 18. Bishopric of Logo, Rodriguez Gil; 19. Bishopric of Segorve, Domenico Canubio. In all nineteen bishoprics. N. 8.—1 send this in detail, because, from authentic particulars, it will be important, being, in fact, a death-blow to Carlism in that quarter. OPENING OF THE FRENCH CHAMBERS. THE KING'S SPEECH. The speech of King Louis Philippe on opening the session of the French chambers yesterday is as follow s: GENTLEMEN, PEERS, AND DEPUTIES,—I am happy on finding myself again among you not to have any more to deplore the calamities which the high price of provisions has inflicted on our country. France has endured them with a courage that I could not behold without deep emotion. Never in such circum stances have public order and the freedom of transactions been so generally maintained. The inex haustible zeal of private charity has seconded oar commen efforts. Oar commerce, thanks to its prudent activity, has been but feebly affected by the crisis that has been experienced in other states. We are reach ing the conclusion of those trials. Heaven hu blessed the labours of the people, and abundant crops are reviving everywhere comfort and security. I congratulate myself on it with you. " I reckon on your co-operation in order to bring to a conclusion the great public works which, by ex tending to the entire kingdom facility and regularity of communication, must open fresh sources of pro srity. At the same time that sufficient resources shall continue to be applied to that fruitful enter prise, we will all watch with scrupulous economy over the judicious employment of the public revenue, and I am confident that the receipts will cover the expenses in the ordinary budget of the State, which shall be shortly presented to you. " A special bill willaw proposed to you for reducing the price of salt, and diminishing the postage on letters to a degree compatible with the good state of our finances. " Bills on public instruction, prison discipline, and our customs tariffs are already submitted to your deliberations. Other bills shall be presented to you on various important subjects, particularly on com mercial property, mortgages, the Moot de Piety, and the application of savings banks to fresh improve ments in the condition of the working classes. It is my constant wish that my government should labour, with your co-operation, in developing at the same time the morahty and the w e lf are o f the people. My relations with all the foreign powers give me the confidence that the peace of the world is secured. I hope that the progress of general civilisation will be everywhere accomplished by a good understanding between governments and people, without impairing internal order and the good relations between states. " Civil war has disturbed the happiness of Switzer land. My government had come to an understanding with the governments of England, Austria, Prussia, and Russia, in order to offer that neighbouring and friendly people an amicable mediation. Switzerland will, I hop acknowledge that respect fo r th e rights e, of all, and the maintenance of the basis of the Hel vetic Confederation, can alone insure to her those en during conditions of happiness and security that Europe wished to guarantee to her by treaties. "My government, in accordance with that of the Queen of Great Britain, has just adopted mea sures which must at length succeed in restoring our commercial relations on the banks of La Plata. " The illustrious chief who has long and glori ously commanded in Algeria has desired to rest from his labonn. I have intrusted to my beloved son the Duke d'Anmale the great and arduous task of governing that French land. I flatter myself that, under the direction of my government, and thanks to the laborious courage of the generous army that mar -1 rounds him, his vigilance and devotedness will secure the tranquillity, the good administration, and prospe rity of oar establishment. " Gentlemen, the more I advance in life, the more I dedicate with devotedness to the service of France, to the care of her interests, dignity, and happiness, all the activity and strength which God has given, and still vouchsafes me. Amidst the agitation that hostile and blind passions foment, a conviction animates and supporta me, which is that we power in the constitutional monarchy—in the union of the great powers of the State, sans means of overcoming all those obstacles, and of satisfying all interests, moral, and material. Let us firml3 , maintain, accord ing to the charter, social order, and all its conditions. Let us guarantee according to the charter, the public liberties and all their developements. We shall transmit unimpaired to the generations that may come after us the trust confided to us, and they will bless as for having founded and defended the edifice under shelter of which they will live happy and free." EN Court. WI?1IXIOR, TI7ISBDAY.—The Duke de Broglie left the Castle this forenoon. The Duke and Duchess of Vic toria end Colonel Wylde are expected to arrive at the Castle this erenin6, on a visit to her Majesty. The royal dinner party at the Castle this evening will include the Duchess of Kent, the Duke and Duchess of Victoria, the Marquis and Marchioness of Abercorn, the Lady in Waiting on the Duchess of Kent, the Baronies de Speth, Viscount Palmer ston, Viaoount Canning, Lady Mary Howard, Colonel V7ylde, and Dr. Meyer. The band of the Royal Horse Guards will attend during dinner. The Queen's private band will after wards attend in the Castle. The Duke de Broglie, French Ambassador, returned to the residence of the Embasey, in Manchester-square, yes terday morning, from a visit to her Majesty, at Windsor Castle. Mr. W. G. Hayter, Judge Advocate-Gcneral, had an interview with Sir George Grey yesterday, at the HOMO Once. Despatches from the Governors of the West India Colonies, and also from the Governors of Australia, Ceylon, and Malta, were received yesterday at the Colonial Office. ASSISTANT LIBRARIAN TO THE HOUSE OF COM mows.—The Right Hon. the Speaker of the House of Com mon' has appointed the Hon. t3eorge Waldegrave, youngest sox of Earl Waldegrave, aasistant librarian to the Howe of Commons, in the room of Mr. Thomas Erskine May, who has accepted the office of taxing muter of private bills. MATRIMONIAL DIPPERENCES.—A yacht has arrived at Portsmouth within the last few days, the owner of which is married to the daughter of a noble lord of much celebrity in the naval service. He has beta in the Mediterranean some considerable time, and has now returned minus his lady,who absented herself unknown to the husband at the last port the 'yacht touched at. The father ef the gentleman was many years member for a county in the south-west of En gland, but is lately deceased ; and the marriage was con tracted contrary to the wishes of the parents.—Differenees have also occurred between the son of a noble earl and his youon wife, who have only recently entered into the state of matrimony. The estrangement which bad existed has ultimately led to a mutual separation; the lady having re tired to the continent on allowance, liberal, considering the limited resources of the husband, who bas but little to depend upon beyond his income as connected with one of the British embarks abroad. LORD WM. PAOET.—The lint of persons lately outlawed contains the name of Lord Wm. Paget, a captain in the royal navy, for r hose apprehension on a charge of obtaining money under false pretences a reward is offered. It is rumoured in the naval circles that a letter from the Admiralty has been addressed to Lord W., requiring a satis factory explanation to the charges preferred, otherwise the name of Lord W. will not be suffered to remain on the Navy List. REMUNERATION OF PARISH SURGEONS.—Yesterday a public vestry of the parishioners of St. Leonard, Shore ditch, was held in the vestry•room, to make a rate for the relief of the poor ; Mr. Churchwarden C. T. Yarrow in the ! chair.—Mr. T. Ware, vestry-clerk, read a statement of the acconnta, from which it appeared that the assets, which in cluded the uncollected rates of the two previous quartets, were 13,48,51. 2a. Bd.; and that, on the debit side, the total amount, including 1,5001. owing to the treasurer, and 2,0001. borrowed of Mr. Allan, was 12,8931. 25., leaving • balance in favour of the parish of 5921. Os..Bd.—Mr. Bathurst said he observed that there was an increase in the doctors' salaries. He wished to know on what grounds that was granted I The Chairman observed that the medical gentlemen applied for an increase, in consequence of their dues being so heavy. The b oard ti ard of trustees thought the application rea sonable, and added 201, to the salaries of sack.—Mr. Bathurst remarked that the conduct of the trustees could not be justified, and that they had acted con trary to the provisions of the Poor-law Amendment Act. Before they agreed to increase the salaries of these medical officers thel ought to have had the approba tion of the poor-law commissioner'. If they gave it without the sanction of that body, it was his opinion that they would be called upon to refund the money.—Mr. Ware said that he knew of no law by which the board of trustees were called upon to go to the poor.law commissioners. Mr. Bur cheU, one of the medical officers, on applying to the trustees for an increase of salary, said that he had above 200 patients to attend to beyond the number of the previous quarter.— Mr. Baker, a trustee, stated that he seconded the resolution for an increase of salary to the surgeons of the pariah, and he did so on the ground that every mut should be paid for his labour. The medical gentlemen applied for an increase in order that they might have an assistant, which was necessary in consequence of the great prevalence of fever and Cause. In the quarter ending Sept. 29, 1847, Mr. Burchell had to attend, in the Church-end District, 773 cases of disease and fever, and 17 midwifery cases; and la the quarter ending Dec. 26 the former had increased to 1448, and the latter to 29, making • total of 2,267 patients for the half year for the stun of 601. He asked if he were to blame for giving a man an additional sum of 101. for the half year, for attendance and medicine for 2,267 patient*, and out of these 46 midwifery cases ? He knew that during the prevalence of the influenza titers were several mornings consecutively above 100 applicants at the workboue doors for medical orders, when the beadle was obliged mullet in drawing up the orders.—Mr. Pearce proposed an eleven-penny rate, ob serving that it was impossible for the parish to do with less when there was so large an amount of pauperiam They ought to be in • position to pay the treasurer, and the money they owed to Mr. Allan.— Mr. Southgate seconded the resolution, which was agreed to, and thanks having been voted to the chairman the vestry separated. - - COMMERCIAL TRAVELLERS' SCHOOLB.—A general quarterly *curt of the governors of this institution was held at ten o'clock yesterday morning, at the London Tavern. A board of management and auditors for the ensuing year having been appointed, and other routine business dispoeed of, a ballot was opened for the election of 20 children, 14 beys and 6 girls, from a list of 28 candidates. It closed at 3 o'clock, when Mr. Masterman, M.P., who presided, intimated that on the Ist of January a separate subscription fund would be established for the purpose of raising the sum necessary for purchasing the freehold of the building at Wanatead, of which they now only held the lease. The advantages of such a step were so apnarent, that he would only express a hope that all who felt interested in the permanent welfare of the institution would exert themselves to have it accosts- plished as speedily as possible. The hon. gentlemen added (in reply to a question) that subscribers to the fund referred to would be entitled to votes in the same ratio as present subscribers to the institution ; and if subscribers already, to additional votes, precisely on the same scale. Mr. Moore, the treasurer, stated (also in reply to an inquiry) that the sum required, and which he hoped would be raised within the ensuing year, was 3,6001., of which 2,5001. would pur chase the freehold, and 1,0001. go for the necenuy repairs and alterations. 'He would take that opportunity of re questing all those gentlemen who felt disposed to act as stewards at the next anniversary dinner to forward their names to him, No. 6, Bow-chnreh-yard, Cheapside, with as little delay as possible, in order that he might put himself in communication with them on other matters connected with the prospects of the laudation. Thanks having been then voted to Mr. Mastertnan the court adjourned, and at fi ve o'clock the election was declared to be in favour of the ful lowing candidates Boys—C. F. Allison, W. A. Birkhead, F. J. Blom, It. W. J. Hill, W. H. Jones, F. Keightley, S. Merry, B. Moore, W. B. Standfield, F. Stun, G. F. Thomp. son, W. G. Toft, J. 0. Wagner, and F. Williams. Girls 8. E. Bell, C. Copplestone, C. E. Duncan, E. Jardine, F. Jones, and H. Palmer. DR.. HAMPDEN'S " HEREBV." Sir,—lt appears, from a letter published in the TllllBl 01 this day, that pro ceedings are either already instituted, or about to be insti toted, against Dr. Hampden for heresy, though who are the instigators of this sapient movement doss not yet appear.* Perhaps, however, the course thus taken, or about to be taken, may suggest a hint of settling some vexed questions of the church, which have aroused no little acrimony within its bosom, and with which his lordship of Exeter has bad some experience. The scarlet-robed gentlemen of the Court of Arches may do well in preparing to argue as to the ortho doxy not only of the ambiguous expressions of the bishop elect, or, as I presume, new bishop elected, but also of the more avowed doctrines of baptismal regeneration and gene ral efficacy of sacraments, together with a variety of other tenets pretty plainly expressed by a certain party not pos sessing the most friendly disposition to the offending doctor. And as I -oppose it is squally competent to any proper puny to set the court in motion against clerical parties teaching or avowing the latter doctrines, u against Dr. Hampden, it would be greatly to be regretted if the present crisis wars neglected for settling all the differences of this church in reference to doctrine and discipline. And if the primate of all England should feel incompetent or unwilling to under take this task, surely he may well repose in the infallibility of Sir Herbert Jenner Fust, assisted by the fall body of civilians attached to his court, or at any rate in the uhiniate court of appeal; and as Dr. Merewethar Y SD theemegge• going a churchman, he cannot scruple to abide by the me• erring decision of the proper tribunals to settle ea dlognisi points of faith. It is, I feu, now too late to the ordination of Dr. Hampden till this process shall hew bun fully carded through ; but if it should not hays the Abele unsettling other mar,' than that of the doctor la quelion, it seam to ene that orthodoxy must be fined to be one of the meet OW end flexible things in We wet anesetein and sheageral world.-Bieurran. _ _ • lihr Or lkilm gt Ozlked mg Imo bra saresel mak handle insysilmes ist Dr. Ilimpikajhat ids smedas thus. lt will la ma len ow mart of ft dmallsa. that Lard Stye ailY amemesid *blotto the asapter. CHRISTMAS OUTS AT ISLEISORTM.—Sir,--1 Ammo in your paper of Saturday a stelemat of the Duke of Nor thumberland having distributed is ft poor of this parish, through the rector, the sum of 1004 miseneding to the ex ample of his amble and munificent preilseessor. I Isitg w correct this Armor ; and I roar aredu how mit a report could have meshed yes. It Is ro be roped that dr present duke ea know dr amide ear ipie d bi kr med. I lent brother • list al proem, from rims easso gar km*. cable, no agent charity on Ws part is Imam in the pork— roar .knans.—lsieworth, Dee. 28. The CHANNEL ISLAND PAMIR SERVICIL—The conveyance of the Channel Island male in het lisjestre Teasels, when they ran between Weymouth and 14,. and Jersey, used to cost the gov e rn taint about 6,0001. • y It was thought that it would by much os,,r e allow a private company engaged in carrying and from the Channel Islands to carry the re.,,h . ingly, abut three years ago the South Watere Co o engaged to perform the service 147 miming to and , Southampton fur 2,0001 a year. he contrsct of that ft. party expires next spring, and in tendering axe • to the mails the company have submitted a much I. as g a , g e "4 which the Admiralty hex refused to giv e . T hus the stands at present. It is probable, however, that the Ag u ,, rely will not finally deternatne upon any tender ta u offered, because they contemplate making some the Channel Island mail at rvice, and which is nothi ng ,: than having a mail landed at Alderney as well as and Jersey, the fortifications and - ptib.ic works g .ing that Wand, and its future importance in case of a e g, rendering a mail communication with it desirable, i,, t4 solutely necessary. ISQUESTe, VESTERDAV.—SIMPICIemi Before Mr. W. Payne, resumed at the Bricklayers' a m , Earl-street, Blackfriers, respecting the death cf Eupheme Scott, aged 72.—E1• .heth Scott said that theT e ceased was her mother. She lived with her inn, wh o the above house. On Christmas-eve the house was el de r. twelve o'clock, and about two o'clock deceased wen „: stainto bed. Witness noticed her until sh e got up, 2 first lauding. Shortly after that tme witaed went t, , 54 and she neither heard nor saw anything more of the until eight o'clock on Christnies morning, when m e her lying in the passage at the foot of the stairs. She m dreamed, and appeared to be in a fit. Witness tries to her round by sprinkling water upon h r f ace , but she — l m , unable. She then went about her work and left the g; ceased lying on the floor till near one o'clock, when she se „„ end informed her brother, who was in b e d . W m .': the state her mother was in : be got up es s`L e : for a surgeon.—A Juror : Yon don't m ean t , - :: that you allowed your mother to remain i s state you found her for five hours wit: out calling • 1 medical attendance I—Witness : I did. I considered thi she was in a fit and would recover.—lt. Seal, landleng the Bricklayers' Arms, said that he saw deceased on ChM, mu morning , a little after 2 o'clock. She at th at tin. hee ' a light in her hand, aid said that she was going totes Witness went to bed a quarter of an hour after, mei at ca o'clock in the day his dater came to him and on I them mother was either dead or dying. He sent "or Dr. H e idi,. son,who pronounced her to have been dead for several ham He could not account tor the fact of bis sister not isfemem him sooner. The deceased was in the habit of walking sh m l a night. His impression was that ehehad fallen down Cain— ' Mr. Hutchinson, surgeon, said, that he was called M loge the demure', and found that ale had been Brad foreman hours. There was not the least signs of death having h em caused from apoplexy. He attended her before for an ems of erysipelas. He had made a post marten examinatass the body, and on opening the scalp he found a consider., quantity of blood effused over the right temple. Enema' he found a alight discolouration, but there was no become/ the skull. The cause of death was concussion of the him which must have been caused by some external dole s . , inflicted with a fiat surface. Witn.sa had heard that oe vas occasion deceased had been struck on the head by one of be dna, who in consequence of deceased w.lkin3 shoat eta night fancied that thieves were in the house. —Mr. Seas upon being r. called said, that he had heard the Maud express her fears that she would be murdered—The Comae having summed up, the jury returned a verdict " the deceased died front concussion of the brain, cuing by a blow on the right temple, but how cemsionsi there was not sufficient evidence to prove."—Port Can, DRIN BURNT TO DRATK.—Before Mr, W. Payne. is k Bartholomew's Hospital, respecting the death of Loma Ant Hughes, seed B.—The deceased, nn Christmas-day, was ea. gaged lighting a fire, when in lifting something from the mantel-piece her clothes became ignited, end she was speed ily enveloped in flames. The fire was extinguished as quickly as possible, and the deceased was removed to the hospittl, where she expired on Saturday last from the effects of the burns.—Before the same coroner and in the same place, concerning the death of T. Bowes], aged 5.—00 Monday afternoon the deceased fell off the fender into the fire, and Pet fire to his clothes. He mu out into the street, with the flames mounting over his head. The fire having been ex tinguiched, the deceased was removed to the hospital, when he shortly afterwards died.—Same manna end pace, touching the death of Emma Grim, aged 10.—Bids Jones said that the deceased, on Sunday week, was ma visit at a friend's house, when in reaching something from the mantel-piece her clothing took fire, and mks was dreadfully burnt over the whole of her body. She was taken to the hospital, where she expired on Saturday, The father of the child said that deceased had told 'timeless she bad been in the hospital that a girl named Kitty Kittle had placed a lighted Kisib under her clothing and tkersiy caused the accident. 1 his was deal' d by the girl in gun* and also by the other inmates of the house—Same cores. and place, respecting the death of Georgians Poole, s e ed the deeghterof a printer's smith. The deceased, du/sagas absence of her parents, by some means set her &dust fire on Monday last. The mother and another party succeeded in getting the flames subdued, but not hefcre Ur child was burnt almost as black as a oriel. She was takes* the above institatien, where she died immediately after kg admission. Verdict, in ewe arse. " Accidental Death." TO THE RIGHT HON. HENRY LABOtI. CIIERE, M.P., PRESIDENT OF THE BOARD OF TRADE, &c. &c. Sir,—Opposed, as I fear I must consider myself it be, to your opinions on the subject of the navigation lass, I recognise in your personal character a sufficient gustextm that in any endeavour to give effect to those opinions by practical changes you would only desire to succeed by mesas of which no lover of truth need be ashamed; nor ma I doubt that you too justly appreciate the importance of maintaining the unhesitating ceofidence of the public in tks authenticity of information imparted through the medium of every department of the government to allow your our tion to be given to a deliberate violation of truth in any document emanating from that department of it over which you preside. I rely, consequently, on your concurrence in reprobating an attempt to mislead the public mind on the interesting question of the navigation laws, by means of a parliamentary document, stamped with the official author city of the statistical department of the Board of Trade, which, as it is fur misrepresentation and distortion of (sets entirely without a precedent, so I trust it will never be permitted to constitute an example ; and if, on impartial examination, I should succeed in establishing to your csa viction the justice of the stigma I thus publicly affix to dr document in question, you will, I am sure, in vindication the character of the government of which you are a member, and of the motives which influence the policy it has is. =lake some early opportunity of disclaiming all part in a proceeding which is sufficient to discredit sad amp • better cause than that of an assault on the istr Nan of British navigation. In Parliamentary Paper, No. 688, of the last lesion, per seated to the late House of Commons on the 30th of lush 1847 (not on the motion of /my hon. member, but "by kr Majesty's command "), will be found a series of " stales moats " referring to shippirg, purporting to elucidate qv* tioaa that had arisen in the evidence given before he solid committers then aiming on the navigation laws (of tilia ' the Right Hon. T. Milner Gibson, Vice-President of tin Board of Trade, was chairman), and especially and en' dently intended to support the testimony just previously offered by Mr. G. R. Porter, who was then at the bead of the statistical department of that board. The artful, sad, I mink add, the unfair concoction of several of them atar► l inage, presents a tempting field for animadversion ; but en that marked No. 4 in the series that I would particularly &saw your attention sad that of the ,onblic. As it is rat bag, sad is replete with interest, it may be at sate son 1 6k Gamy part, and reader my charge more intelligible, If Indlornthe it entire. It mit dim: 1~ alidament of the tom. of Britoil ships that mond ft W 111 ks 411110:1 Kineass AIM different foreign countries sod 1. der pears 1524 sad ittn dirlagrake 114 .49 1r Or Worn vlik British posisodesa and Si yostoorid " trnsolipagra Ur" tier the tom. am' played in Oats& wllli Walton asontrlst,arl which is world trent ossooddan Itiodo iron : issorscran Taus. ISM 1111 O. Oar 444 Atria and =of Good Hops 4 sow. SSA 47/ Wroldlos 2,14 --4mff British North Liorticoa Weskit 4.17,U1 Australian Wei 4.0 n Intl* Wert -.roe& West Indies Pigmies Jersey, Guernsey, 4 c.! 2; t 7214 193,097 1,72 0 , 721 Ineresr, 642,027 took or 9417 pa oust. Usrooracnro 7 . 24 i.. 1624 INS SON. Tams. ..... in.l B3 4330 —.— 11,074 17,131 il 416 Ma 6,7311 9 , 631 .. AO .. NAN 67,346 NON 46,263 IL 274.4 41 4. 141. 711 Time _ KIM 9 6 4 911 Partesal, Aerate, owl lladoira • 46,71S SAW V —... 46,724 97 . 9. 011ashst — 4,416 KO 2,346 1 1 173 Molls — 114,44, l sad iartory asdf=a 2,269 I , in' 11741 26,270 32 0 114mis ti lm 3,075 14 396 =se ladles 811644 ar darks ... 44,994 r* ' liaziro4444 "WI of South 34444146 0,787 6,391 Hods ;weclen . Norway Denmark Germany United Netheriandi ihT..T." Ofte Tod lamb loath ess limit 1 1071 141 rokata hhihala Increase, 1,634186 tens, ar 1111118 per cent. The somewhat , larty argumentative obseasks at Ihe return is unmiftelmaNe ti . It describe* in terms, sae dem d trade* as protected by the navigation laws, the mbar es or protected. It aims there, ad *midis's, is PadMt columns ; and maims the inimence le be dukes& shwa set appear with staeleat peenimme is the meeeseisel emeha it triumphantly ramie is the eentivekm thee, glib the protection Cl die as Ism has, within the WNW period it embers, itsaiaMd is the tredve to which it IMO these Ism is be enekelmly applicable an ammo k Britt& sesetrilem et 9417 per Dent., that seas ha . one paled, minuted the loam dis aam is mally, whisk we tieeleihei as millbeeel la sal s, sod vassisal hem the surepstido et *miss alp, me bee them 1111314 por colt, drue pet*, the web ethereal mar am salmi system of tree ta d Is Midi OM dialed sew a mom of protestant. Oa the pmeeellal Whom et walk a metemeet, via seek eell6l4lh I Nei set emesmat. It wee, a bets