The Express. — London, England, 1848-12-27 00:00:00

rli matitue I kern, from • member of the diplo tame, body at °Arta, one who wishes to rem ota i i M em my batsmen Pope and people, that th e mow . d that piece is altogether reor:inimaire, and the pontiff M o rs nothing round Um but projects a rein an d retrograde v.: 4~w ; thatno ma ny late ot or patristic 'Avian. is within his *a m ; and that the worst co.isequences are likely to malt from his being at tb• mercy of folks interested is embroiling Italy still further. Count de Bpaur boo revealed himself in his r e a l c a p acit y as =las ode: of Radetaki and Austria (not of Bavaria) ; and Harcourt is playing a game of his own quite at retirees with the peace and welfare of 'he Romans. Martinez della Ream is a well.known intriguer ; and Autenelli, who has the ear of the Pope, is one of the worst school of the kte Pope Gregory. God help the Pontiff in such bands ! r.Ths greatest efforts are being made by the diplo- macy o f England iu Naples, to persuade the sove reign to revisit his own peso anions, no matter on what frontier, provided he act on Roman ground arid for Homan objces. Every hour spent in the Neapo litan territory is Lamagiog bid cause with his subjects sore and more. ultra ?triune's caricature of yesterday represents tbss Pope as a Pope daises in a cage, with Ferdinand as harlequin grinding a barrel organ, and exclaiming eat Ais prime already sings in tune with him. The town of Perugia bac asked, and got leave from fibs War Minister, to demolish a citadel which, with out protecting the inhabitants from invasion, effec tually commanded the place, and was erected by PO9O Paul in 1340 'ad nonprimentlang Permianoram am lriam: It has been outlay dismantled amid general rejoicing. Parliament continues to meet, and Prince Odes chalcki to preside over the upper chamber. lard Napier is still here. Cabinet couriers continue to arrive from England. The mast perfect order pre vails through the city, and a .uotinuance of unpre cedented sunshine has enlivened the whole month since the revolution of the 16 , h ult. NAPLES, Dic. 17. The Kitty, the Qu.m, end royal family bare again Aft ;460. s for Oast& The Paseo of Salerno and the Cuuut Aquila onlv eem.in. Oit the 16th the diplomatic b sly, salon, and Alniiral Parker (the last be the Oberon), also left fee G seta, whence the admiral was elpicted to return en the 1 h. The visit of the adaisters, especially, given rim to moth rumour, and there are malty who do not `estate to say that their oliject is to preeent their resigns tua s a Neasie,—not yet, say ahem, but the time is ap peraetiag• The 'reedy itemise of the present adminulw ikon it. thertfure, an event generally expected, an l a. 1 have al eady told you, their successors are aimed by the public voice. Intended treachery to the mmatination is assigned as the ha lug cause of each a change. Macy arrest■ for politicil disaffection IPAre taken place. er foe the suspicion of it, whilst trials there an none. At present Saliba enjoys a perfect calm The army is still being neruite•d crass ass u.e Sicily is in state quo. The expedition against it depends, my sat, 011 the will of the futriguer, especially the B glib A Neapolitan Mensal, of royalist tendenei.s, speaks of the teaks at Sicily as beim; Arnow at, but as waiting tor the re union of the three powers to ratify them .` Fee this roe son." so. the journal, the rep at gains strength that the chums. no will ogee oh the dad of January, that is a ,oath earlier than the time to which they were pror.•gatd." 1 stud you this passage without attaching any impu, mum twit FiLkNCE. —ELecroLu. itrettnici.—The num ber of french efeisens latiog a right to inaription en the electoral f•-to is not ki.own, but statistics enable us to sail", at In atprt antateesoisputatioa. It is known that of every lOU persona Tatar more titan furty.nbie die before attaining as age if %weapons years. We nay thecelote ealtaate that out of a little Ism than eighteen 'OIL= of ran* belonging to the male act there an awe milli as haring the ate Noshed for 'beton. If we elided 'um thia mamba about 31/0,000 she, at tram France, tra lars, in** prisonerr, sad excluded, were will react 11.,:00.0 11 0 teeters Now it is known by Vie return made to the coo-mission that na.irly 7,:laXtooo a a .,, vote d . If we add to this atwitter the s it't tors of the colonii a wbo were not aspired to Tot, and %host of ALienis, whose setts sae n..t known, it may be inferred that the . , aanher .•i French cit , sens who have not ezereisultheir right of • 4ina is ab-ut (4te miWon. We qucstivn if ever uni. Mein author 11:is been more generally taken advantage of a any country. In addition to this, it may he stated tha, via nt a;•watils of r:vn =Woos of votes delivered, only 42,tiOtt went annulled fnin 'Leg city or informality, being in the proportion at shoat 1 is GOO. COLONIAL &Gni CANTS.—We perceive that government have peninply complied with the request of the Mauritins ge- WOMININS fee • mainly of cane plants fees this is:and, by the shipment of ISO packages containing 10,00 plants. We trust we may ce atilt to announce [het the experiment of im parting lota the Mauritian • supply of e•oae may prove incessafal in providing eatain‘t that fatal disease which h a.,w said to threaten ere long the total extinc tion of the present species of cane in the i lend. The importation of • new stock in place of one wearing out has often proved successful, as it is a well-known fast in the physiology of some p'iusts, that in prices of tics• they gra dully disappear, undo., retained and re•onted by the im portation of new ones of the same seeele•.. The rot in the pun, i said to be produced by this provision of nature, bat we ma h suo..ose the same rearm applicable yet to the cane plants in the Illaritias, on wnich island they pave ant been grown for so long • period as in the West India Islands, where, we belies, disease alas extensive nature is nn►r.nwn, although miesned 17,a a moth earlier period.— Ceylon Times, Nov. 12. Mu Court. WINViOR, MONDAT.—The Mervio of Breadalbane, Ike KIRI end Counter Or 7, and the B arl of Liverp fof en olptettd so win et the Castle this afternoon on a visit to bra Illsiesty. The Duchess of Cambridge visited the Duchess of Oismerster yesterday, at Gloucester-house. The Earl and Countess Grey returned to town on Monday evening, from Sprotborongh, Yurkahire, and yester day momeJed te Windsor Castle. (From Met sight'i (.esefie.) DowsliNG-STRPET, Dec. 20.—Tbe Queen has been pseassly pleased to give orders for the appointment of Mest..Col. George Buffer, of tne Rifle Brigade, to be an Ordinary Member of the Military Division of the Third Cara, en Companions of the Most Honourable Order of the Ink; and of Cul. Duncan M'Gregut„ Inspeetor•General of Ms Cihabbulary Force of Inland ; and Lieut.. Col. Charles Been, C B, one of the Comminioners of the Police of the Metropolis; to be Ordinary Members of the Civil Division of the Second Clam, or Knights Commanders of the said Mart Honourable Order. ADMIRALTY, D. 19. Cnrre of Royal Ma Hoes. L. IRMO, gest., to be second WM. A. Moine% gent.. to tm mar SOUL CONVEYANCE OF FHB MAILS BETWEEN INGLAND AND FRANCD. Sin.—lt appears that an arrangement *ag itated by our Postmaster Gamma by which the packets of the Beglisk and Frank governments were to divide equally between them the Caleb , mid Boulogne mations, has haled front the French government missing to remove any el their steamers from Calais, sad, es from some inexplicable wives, it is not considered expedient that oar ow* boats Mudd entinue to sadertelte the thole of the sinks be tween Dover sad Baal Roe, as they do at moist, the Me. De mail. which leaves London and Paris at night to strive Mike other capit.i . , the next m..releg, reed gamey. by far the lamest pert of the correepondersee between Preece 'MI &Clew% is, fru it..lbth of January.to adopt the mate bp wavy Calais, takes by the day moil, and no loaner to blow the mute Yid Boulogne, shorter hy upwards of 60 Mks, which it takes at th e p resen t tim e . When the evening mail tom 4tleaveyed by Boulogne, it was considered right to YtMitley mad continue to go through Coln, as from the Mogrm lime allowed tcr its conveyance, the greater digitate* was of ernman6vely small amorquence: and the French pamsaunat were deeirow mf leaving something to Calais, 10 keg kept the mail pukes between Prance and after the whole of the paseniter Weak had *t i the preferable route by way of Boulogne. It could ass this been antic paten, however, that this fact would hale kern thought a meson kr one day brionieg beak the ' 0 . 011 _4 mail fries the shorten route between Lawton and reds to one invoking art increased distance of at least 60 mile; en that the eels Win it arrangement, which is generally esesi g. red s Aisfactory by the mercantile community, would M randirled, sot by giving en hour iv two in the bum ef the quick mail, which might have been done by the Jot:induction of express train, on the railway between hres sad Bodlorne, but by adopting a longer route, and Mole meanies which will ruder the delivery of letters MOM here to the &Mme . 's es evening at lout en hour, and Pairslly two hour*, later at Paris tie next inweing than at Meat. It was hoped that the visit of the Marquis of Claa *Mob Paris would have led to a redaction in the pest -1111, sad matt Mune:insets la the postal arrangements be *les Lawton and Paris ; bet, if the only result appreciable 11 ,___ 111, Plait is to be an sieves, in the time taken fir the . "'..ersass of letter* betimes the eapitak, it is surely not ilfoltrmi to say that it would have been bettor the "Et men takes place.-11. 'ha SECOND CABIN FAitze.-811,—The Express, Z . sine. its establishm en t, has been the uncompro kg.....l.4 ,mumgeout expositor of say public wrong or in 1„ -- alas fir reform and deserve . prompt censure illginc of extortio n which I beg to brieg ander your Vor, h sanctioned by the high authority of the Ada: a rea riti. and 'Oen to i capricious rise in the fares of r Premien, b e bey hi/jetty'. mail packets, between n Mod Calais. These, until September last, have been le r pourer of the second clue, and hal fares 4 mihon. At that time an alteration Wia f Math. ; he r. eoumend , tion of the new superintendent t Majesty's mail packets it is I IP'ned ae (4, a It e South Eastern Bteam iYeTillt 4 to" S :f lney I (toy Cordele Haddock R N aspirin h.! Majesty's mail pocket ett'ab.ihmert at Dover, to justity the raising of the kesed-eimee posseagers to es. each pasengsr nn any ground whatever. TM mail packets have not lair cabin aceinaniertatim like the both Ant thews Niel/aim Company's heats, being mostly atm no with berths of the mates and crewel*, mere, as in the Vivid 'tamer, theism host new built. la seem instances, as la the Prisms Alba .he seesed slam mememer hoe me eommotlatica whatever beyond steeding room ea deek, Me I whisk he has now to pay As, foe the fern pump el 30 ntJw mem the channel. This is the more unjust tam the einem. Manes of her Majesty's mail pekes my* on heehaw ee Nett duos es slake, side of t s alinameL Wiese, the sled pert of the expense of these mewls is the rand N imposing a heavy rate of fureign postage, the MOWN Of Obi* bp • curious arrangement, gm to the Past-elset instead of to the Admiralty. independent of tt = a rm! siderationa, the Mortares of the voyage, 10 miles, should prevent the imposition of a higher rate of fare than has always obtained saUl n coney, , Bs. he lot elms &ed.'s for 2.nd class peatwegae. The Preach mail meets still retain them chines. As area month the mails to Paris, and perhaps to the north, Brussels, dc., are to re alms this route, I hops you will colonised In your amid energetic style on this uefkir rise la the rate of fares.—Pier JUITITIAL. CHOLSRA.—Yesterday, the Bowl of liealth re mised reporta of the tullowiag new came whin r occurred on the 26th and 26th MA. It will be teem that the disease is very active and fatal in Scotland :—Linteltouse, I fatal ; St. Hoorge-ia.the•Beet, I ; Stamfued.bill. I; Chelsea, I ; White chapel, 3; Bromley St. LtONSTD'a i 1; 1100kWeliflanDth s 6 , 3 fatal; Hemel Hempstead, 7, 3 fatal; Berwick. upon- Tweed, 1 fatal ,• Cambridge, 2, 1 fatal ; Stowbeidre. Dawn. frees-market, 1 fatal; Southey, 8, 1 fatal; Edinburgh, 18, 9 sual; Gleeneve. 273, 130 fatal ; Maxwelltown anti Dumfries. 9, 6 f atal; Jedhurgh, 6, 4 fatal; lluosharton, I, 3 fatal • Coatbridge, 89, 80 fatal ; Kelso, 8, 4 fatal; Ilasdast Wiriness), 2, 1 fa tal; kottieray. 1 fin a l; Hamilton, 1; Clarencedeld (ltuahwtll ), 2 fatal ; Testiest 1 fatal. Total DINDISIWO 2. 443; deaths. TiU /SATIN AND WANII-DOUSEN in St. Mather britfOritlde were uptake • y. a entity under the presidency of lbs Bev. Sir H. B. Dulibitlehl, late vicar, who delivered an saber constratalatina the c , wap my on the unction. STAMPS AND PItuRATE AND LEGACY DUTIGL— Ifir,—Altbetioch I admire your able answer of this day to the commenta of the Tines 01 'monk, on the sunnot of Mr. Cobden's project fur financial retort's, there are still many points which you han omitted, and which it IN, thenfore, only fair to help you to suppl. The hot is that the whole subjeet of our stamps and probate and legacy duties is to intricat,, that noose bat the managers of them, or a law's!, can at all o,,derrand their injustice. We are told that land I. heavily burthened during tho lite of the owner, and that that is the resa for which it should be eznapt from probate and legoey duty, but as regards Nampa, personal property (with the Hale exception of a Ili is s , i odic l o w a year stamp) u just as heavily burthened as freehold land. If a man buy a learveltul t house or land be has, with that exception, to pay the mme stamps as it it were freehold. The came may be said of a re- V. 141741 to money in the (ands, or a policy of insurance an lib or any other description of pirsonal proper:), of which these instances partake ; but hesi.:, a the same stamp duty in life, these kinds of prop ny are also rad dad with probstv. ,nd legacy duty after d, ath. The fact ic, that if the govern meut would order an account to be taken at the stamp .Nice of how much money arises from stamps xi, cling nal ;OM party, and how much from those relating to penonalty, the humbug of the stamp duty berthas on I Ind " woudi soon be exposed ; but this searching inquiry would, doubtless,:not suit their purpose ; it would ale nate too many of their sup poetan.—A LAWTIIII AND CONI.TANT RDADIN._ Dec. 26. FRAIL lITRIVIVRES 011 Lminim) TEI URL The rweeent metropohLut custom a. letting out landi " 11 short holding leaser is, as it has been, the Cilne of vb• wretched eharacter of the edifices which form a.nr street., terraces, are noes, anal aeon auburhan villas. We ann. t aquae that the leisure do any actual wrong to the foolish builders, who. perbai s, may have counted the cast and all contincri.ciee, hut we an later that • wise and paternal .tovernment shouid throw the amide of protection (a phrase in uhich many of our magnetos delight) over the peoisle who are, or ought to be, the o 4; rot of their cares. Tile lapse .4f a Wee, on which • eats al 10,000/. has been ex pended by a father or grandfather, it the absolute cenlisea- Hen of so moth property to the heir ad inheritance. It she hada* , general,, in Loudon are of a character as to solidity interior to those ut Par 2, Italy, 4.r, indeed, of any Baropean civilised city, the nee alot of the ev I is not that John Bull likes • mate tenement, but b cause the landlord cla.s have syMematigest the cost .nt ad granting short levee. The Build. Wigs Act itself in an emanation tram the landlord clam ; it I. alculated for their interests, which its operations tend to strengthen. It aggrieves the rio .r builder and the humb!e tradesman, anal it r milts in the consiliditiou of aristocratic wealth.— The Batiider. ERIGR.tTION, OR A WORD TO YOUNG MEN OUT Or WOlLL..—Custianally applied to as I am for assistant•• to obmin *insatiate by young men (gardeners and garden Is. boners), " full ef bliod anal blue veins." to use • tisanes expression, 1 on clan led to wonder how it is that they do not make up their minds to seek • horn- in another land. &wedeln upon and forming a part ot the llritieh empire. Binge there is no 'mph,' most fur their capital (their lehourt in this overcrowded ode of nun, what is it that deters them from emigration, from taking perhaps a painful step, but a safe one? Painful in Laving Old Ragland, and tearing munch r the the which bind them even more closely to it. shores than love nt country, hut side if they tarry with them indnstrr, frugality, end • determination, by present self denial, to provide tor the ware. I consider that the gre .t source of dioppointment on the part of those diesetigleil after taking thus step, arises from the extravagant notions entertained before venturing upon it. Lab itir is the lot ot man. I can answer from experience that neither in Canada, New South Wales, nor Van Dion. Ilea land, did I meet with roasted pigs running about with knives and forks sticking in them, ant. crjing, " Come eat tne;" hut this I have met with,—numbews of men whose industry, sobriety, and fru gality have earned (or them an inilopendrnce of the poor house, which they would not have attained in Borland. I could write of the beauties of the lands I have no mooed—..f noble rivers, lakes, sad mountains —of lovely cone, fringed to the water's edge, and *bounding with the beet of fish, so that with • net or a hook, en axe, a spade, and a panto, we large portion of the secessarite of We might he had In • jiffy. Or I might tell of mutton, which so many of ear labourers hear of sad me hat seldom face on their tablet ; of mutton ' I my, boil e d ' dawn by the whole m eow for the mere tat that can be it:noted for the candle makers in England, or sold at lid. to lid. per lb. But writing on smelt things only le ele astray. It is better to look at the stern reality, and say at once, that in these lands, it you would thrive, you must live herd, work hard, aye, and perhaps die hard ; but if you think all this too bard, why then you are not my sort for emigration ; bet, come, what is it that frightens you? Jest look at that silly fellow yonder, with a parcel of ribbons flying from his hat about his ears, like a horse at • country fair. He's just 'listed. Ile was afraid to emigrate; diirnt like going abroad to places he knew nothing about; " kfavbsp he might be but a slave anteing outlandish people." Well, think you that he will atop in England? Will he rot have to emigrate, end agaidt his will, too? and ten to one hut to the last places he wou'd have chosen? And will he be his own master ? Not • bit of it. He might have been after a few years, if he had acted far himself alter emi grating, as he will soon be obliged to do by the will of others i and here is what I want young working men to see. If they will bat resolutely make up thi ir minds to do of their own accord what they haw to do in situations under foremen or muter., their welfare is secure, and no thanks to anybody but to Ood and themselves. lam the last person to wish to lead others into el-eurestancee I would avoid myself, but it wine me to have applications from young men for help to obtain that work which in other lands is so abundant. —Gardeners' Clituaide. Lobs or LIPS AT THE VICTORIA TREATRlL—])tiring the a ft ernoon of yesterday an immense number of persons congregated at the gallery door of the theatre, anxious to witness the pantomime, and the instant the outer door was owned a general rush to the top of the gallery stain w onted. The consequence was, that is a few seen& the satire stairs were crowded with burn heiage—men, women, and shildren. F trsome time they remained packed together, wittiest evincing any dispositio: to create a riot, bat at length they felt the inconvenience of being so closely wedged together that they could scarcely breathe, and the parties ea the upper part of the stain made an endeavour to get out, whew the weaker portion were thrown down sad tramped upon. The cries of "murder" and "wee. nh save us at this period blouse truly appa ll ing. Those who were at the b Mom of the stairs not liking to lose the positian they had taken, refused to move an inch badtward. The crowd above cried as loud as they wen able to those below to let them get down, but without avail, when all of a sudden the preemie from above forted thine below against the hcndrall, whisk gave way, and about thirty persons were thrown down nom the crowd standing there. At that time the cieussee of the lower stairs (mused those above to deemed, sad a neutral movement from the top to the lower part et the stairs naturally followed Two poems were thrown down and trampled upon at the landing just above the spot when the handrail was locoed down. 050 of two men who were on the stairs, on s-eing the people fainting from the want of air, ha' deal them down as well as they were able, and they_ estimate the number thus res cued at nearly thirty. Thty ware forthwith taken to Mr. 8 .well's surgery, when it was build that two of the sufferers were quite dead. They were both lads, and apparently about the ages of 16 and 16 respectively. They were forthwith removed to the vaults of St. John's Church, to be identified The other suffers rs were also taken to Mr. • Bowell's surgery, and wen attended to by that gentleman aid doe by r.M Brook's aid Mr. Faidwrother, two *the; a urgeora hung in the immediate Tidally. Every eminent., • was rendered to the parties, two et whom were sent home, although suffering hem severe bribes. Two of the others, at 10 o'clock, were still at Mr. Sewell's, one saffoine from , eon fission oldie brain, sad is in greet danger. The d serip. tion of the deceased is as blows Ist. A lad, apparently about 15 years of age, dosed In black coat, lined with= black waistcoat light brown hair, and of fair 110111 : a youth abo uti 14 years of age, light brown hair, fair omplemoo, dreamed in cord jacket and trousets, red velveteen warmest, pale French white silk handkerchief, sad Blather boots. Ur Faubrother, salmis of the Lon. des.med, who MA Pia* at the moment of the calamity, says that he lies hot the least doubt but that the two lads died from suffocation and not from being precipitated from the upper part of the stein. The appearance of the mouth, now, and eyes of each want ate him In coming to that see elusion. A BURGLARY WM committed on Bendel , night at the house of Count Carla Perko, at Naninnton. The robbery is supposed to have been committed while the howdy were at ditin.r. The property no en connived of jewellery, foreivn coins, and 18 Bank of Rogltnti no , a. numbered 90,117 to 90,134 inclusive, and amounted to up• wards of 5001. pto I?' mbar s WO nip*. e tater L 1, i dna *sr 1 tbst !bur th▪ the P OMC• book•, •ct fiff aficift M[ wil o l a¢rr r g WO ii IP be ow 111 taw Iwo I Irbil i wit sod lIP i Mr sittael to the NIL: 410•11 , ▪ tbe, ore/ ei the I S 9 odes , sad he mer the a Bri- rim woooor 'doe of M this m three :c. 1 6 . ,aid the wading :Lyres' a t lot. m altra oetwee') THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 27, 1848. INQUICT, YISTIJIDAT.—MANCLAIIOIITRIL—By ad jonmrrt, bored Kr. W. Outer, at the Mitre, Bc.adwall, Bischteianor is the dear of Lama Iles, rid 6s, who wes allited to have hart killed by the nektons drier. of J. Writer. who is la Ike terries of Mown. M'Cleod aed Ba rbee, brewer, of Stockwell. Mr. Jones, of Stridden-mid, „ stated that he. re stoat martin ezeadnetion of t i re li Cy. The Uwe of the err sad abdomen he towed SerindY lisfalfh7: on opealep the heal, he distorted about three °SINN al sztruted blood, from • rupture of • vessel of the dun alter, and above It as. a scalp wound. Tbe rumen wee the sue of death, and bad hen reduced by violates. Other wiresses deposed to sesta( the deceased crowing the Mailkituread, an the diseases of Thursday lest. 'kr the peksecr, Wither, drove her the dinettes of the hrtdr at • rapid add the downed wr knocked down. The driveroosY w ie tsiv ett2 Ulm her, berths moment he she was is the read hie lane wad Seer away. He wee stopped at Rowlsa BM repel, whet he ass found to be quits tipsy, and had to be polisd not by a police man. The jury eetursed • verdict of sasoaleachttv spinet J. Welber, and the screw cave hie warrant of comml IRELAND. Duntm, DEC. 25. The Dublin Company's steamer, on arriving in Kingstown harbour last night, ran foul of one or two of the vessels with which the basin is crowded. The night was both dark and foggy, and no blame can be attached to those on board the at/timer. One brig we■ injured in her balwarks, as also the steamer in her paddle-box and tigurc-head. THE PAKOCHIAL CLERGY AND TWO POOLLAW.—TIteI hillswina letter has been published in a Dublin paper, sad is addressed to the landed proprietors of I.elead : Mays nth, Dec. IS.—My lord. and gentlemen,—As the time hee sow arrt•ed when the kalf-yearly rent charges es your reeplativis properties are payable to the parochtal clergy, 1 avail myself of the ooportuility Wain eat to your male ul Halite against the strict en forcement of the law which empowers you to deduct from their M ale* be fall poor talc 1 call on 7ou to refrain from perpetrating a wrong. tacos for the oonsinimion of it you can pleed the authority of tot larislature. I oumplain out either Its my own name or of that of my plundered twethren of the mere eurtail.nent of our already diesinalwd revenues; for we have been Instructed in the Khasi of three. to paws* our mauls In pit nom. We expect not to be exempt frees the enemas distress which pervaden all clams of our on happy telloweountr) men ; and if we do Drove; It is because the assurers uf war charity are dried up, arid nut beams* we are me asly*. anionn the numb r of the neceraitout, and are forced to submit to many bitter macaw. and eevere privatiows. We appeal not now to )our benevolence but your Justice. tt edo not crave your alms. Hut we d • Sedignantly rensurattuts opiate an unrighteous law, by which we are ledilvidually employed, and we d-, miter lain a lope whits airings hoot the opinion which we tone cf the chancter of IMM gentleown, that you will thattsin, tooter the protertkin of .01 ' net of parlienunt, to perpetrate adial W spoliation. 1 aulewit, there fore, to your tometediced nt this plain statement or our cam, which I trust will Willy your 'Wade th it the law In question Is assess tinily unjust. The rent.cherae which the parochial clergy receive from y. di la 'bluntly a portion isf your own erne transferred to them la tau of tithes to which your Image ha I seen subject. Upon this For th" ea well se won the test you have already paid onmkalt the poor ram mot it le most remonable that we to whom that portion hue been iwogned Mould Indemnify you for the halt-rate )uu haw paid on it, by allowing you to deduct the aloneetil ball-ratc horn our eegw. Live feet-eltargew Hut you do more— - levy the lull poor rate whi, you are yummier+ chargeable but fur use halt 1 osk you upon what plea ut right, or teen of suite eznelieney, am you an. tame to du sw You du not refund it to your tenants; you do not smudge it to the pact; you abstract it from our incomes awl appro priate to panels,* only in rime of an Oct of hasty legislation posed in the Paper al parlismen., where the interests 21 use lrin bean, b of the church retablishment are meet unfaithfully reprivented. From the tithe compeattue, which in most C.lOl. curtailed our rem sem, you hare already deducts. 23 per vest. We, however, see the mews Micas* of the Lw which authorises you to do m, and se are content. We evened. r a part of our property to obtain better se eurtty for th- remainder, and to receive it with ram, promptitude, mad retiefection. We cheerfully ea rteer one fourth ut our submits.. moon lie altar of pence, sad we are happy upon any teema to withdraw from the istualul ant invidious pueition in which we ewe sherd. The tithe agitation, of which the po p le were the Wipe* and we hove been the eiehinn, his been prculairly profit able to you. We, however, envy not the advantage you have gained. We Wog all persooal pecuniary consillerattoce to the wind., when they coolitet with the sanctity of our characters, the honour 14 our =mhos, the peace 01 our country, and the advancement of our re hut with regard to the to. which (prows upon the dusty the piphret of the entire few rate, trot which all o.her aeon of the eminsuoity are exempt, we demo it to be unnueonable, pas ti .1, and noel. We reasonetrate against it as an Oct neither renctioned by }mare nor timarided by ezpedierie,. We resist it as a gratuitous *wing, awl we cad upon you, the gni-harm, of the land, to ivinin from executii.g Ma ono ighteous law, hut to uphold in your own pinnate that high boom*, that eirupokno gray Manning your ai on In onciety, and Ulna to promote =Doug )our depe:olente, by the eviasple ea reur own atsbiless rectitude, that it,.., of right, th it utner awe of ounce, which le indispensable to your own meurity wall sec to the peace and proverity of your eOuntry. —I remain, my lonia and irentlenes, tour very °bodkin se. Cast. WILLIAM liaNOCoelt, Motor el Vaddlastows, Discvse of Mi nth. DVATKIICTIVI YIKE tie BELYABT.—On the morning 01 th- 23rd, the meat destructive lira that has occurred in Hui foot for many years, broke out on the premises of Maim Ferrier end silk mercer*, Donegal.place. The coestahle on the h. at obs ' erved a dense of smoke inning friars the di ors end window', a short time before two o'clock, and imm ohately gave toe alarm. Before the engines were the gr .and. the flames hod burst forth, and were raging farina ly. They speedily communic ded to the adjoining buildings all of which, turning a portion of tine of the finest ranges in fl. Hest, were quickly so entire masa of flame. The ilestruesion of proper y is very lupe, calculated at from 10,0001. to 120001. Great d. lav took place before a supply ot water could be procured—fully an hour, it is acted ; cud ev. a then the supply was v ry deficient. The heat was se intense that it was imp-mine to approach within 30 or 40 !aids of the burning pile , ; and tl.e 'hotter+ on the opposite cite u the %wet, one f the broadest in Europe, were blis tered tor 100 yards up 'oil dowu. Seri ral persons received revere brisiecs. but none appear to be seriously hurt. How the flee originced is unknown, as everything appeared safe when the premises were locked up at a late hour on Satur day night. SCOT LAND. JUMPING PROM A RAILWAY TRAIN.—The Berwick Advertiser records the following anvil .r accident on the North British Railway. In the corme of last week the sloop Lucy, of Dundee, put into Byernouth harbour, water logged, and her captain ill. The owner bring apprised, sent two sea men, a captain and a mate, to take charge of the vessel, ant. bring her to Dundee. The captain's name was John Black, and the mate's David Ramsay. They left Dundee on Saturday morning, and at Edinburgh t oo k ou t s econ d- c l ose tickets the mail train to Ayton. They bad teen ac quainted with the locality, and were therefore aware that Burninouth was the moot convenient place at which to leave the train to gain Ey. mouth. They kept their mate at Ayton, and, as the mail train does not stop at Burnmouth, they had resolved to leap from the carriages whilst the train was in motion. This they did at Flemington-bridge, about a mile and a half from Alton. It was then near eight o'clock, and consequently dark. Having thrown their bundles out, the mate leaped first and the captain immediately after. The former had his arm fr rctared and his shoulder seriously brui.ed, and for some time, it would appear, he bad lain on the ground insensible. On recovering, he managed to get to the Ayton swims, and there communicated what had taken plass. As he bad seen nothing of the captain, he suggested that something serious must have happened to him, whereupon the attendants proceeded along the line to ascertain. They came upon the body of the captain lying in the drain. He was quite dead. His skull was fractured, and his fate WAS seriously bruised. The place of the mei dert was a shallow cutting in th.• rock, and It is supposed that, having struck the hard ride ef the way, he had re bounded into the drain, where, falling on his face, he had probably been sufforiated. AT Ctrentoei, ea the 17th indent, a great mamba of Irish I ,houren assembled for the purpose of attending mane, which is administered there once a month, by a clergy man of the Church of Rome. After being dismissed from the place of meeting, both men and women repaired in crowds to the public-houses; and towards dusk the streets prorated more the appearance of an Irish fair than the ,quietness and decency of a Scottish village. As the evening advanced, a number of them quarrelled among themselves, and commenced fighting; at the same time, one of those heroes committed • brutal assault on a woman who was attemp ti ng to take her husband from the affray. The poke, however, soon made their apparels*, and took one of the most obstreperous of the rioters i .to custody. The navvies then, to the number of thirty or forty, made a nosebleed attack on the officets, for the pur. p se of rescuing their comrade, and a number of the inhabitants and special constables, perceiving their intention, promply arrayed themselves on the side of order ; and as the navvies continued their attack, and the con stables persevered in keeping their prisoner, there was about hdf an hour of as good pulling, hauling, 'hunting, and yelling. as any patron of Doanybcook-fair could have wished Sir. Happily, however, the friends of order and decency prevailed, and the affray ended in six or seven of the boldest of the navvies getting ansoonsed in durance vile, for the purpose of ensuring their appearance on a future day. -P ItOV I WCIAI- OBTUNIINENI EXTRAORDINAIit—In the course of a minion case, lately tried by Mr. justice Erle, a number of old and net very brilliant witni sees were examined, to prove the :tent and mode of working a mine. The following dialogue took plc e between one of them and Mr. Junea, the barrister engaged for the pEsoner :-1111. James: " Now, you say you worked at the mine?"—Witness: " Em, sir." —Mr. James : " How did you work?"—Witness: " Why it was woorked oop and down, you know—this way, that way, t'rr her way, foot ridden way—ding it, every way." (Loud laughter )--Mr. Jams: " I must melees I don't under stand you." — Witness : I think I spoke plain one." (Loud laughter.)—Mr. James: " No doubt you did, bat the I stupidity m on my side, not on yours."—Witome : "That's it. You are quoit stupid. (S. ars of laughter.) You coons' ouderatand Nieliati." (Continued laughter.) The Judge " If we had been fa the habit of working in mines, deo-M -ims your language would be perfectly intelligible, bat as it is we cannot understand you."— Witmer : " Well, I mune' epake ony plainer. Dmg me if ever I seed such stupid people atom I left pit." Some further attempts were made by the learned counsel to obtain a rauf.! definite viewer to the question, but it was "no g and the evilness was at length told to leave the box, watch he did apparently with a still stronger .moviction than before of the natural and irre mediable obtuseness ofjwine, Jury, counsel, an d auditory. POACHTNO ATNIAT.—Ou the morning of the 22nd instant, the servants of Mr. Wiliam Femme, of Shawdow. hall, neer Aluwiek, were alarmed by beefing the reports of the guns of a gang of poachers in the Holly Shrubberies •u•r muting the home, dud w. tit and reused the kvekar, Mr. o,orge Thompeon, and others living upon the premises. Thompson, with five assistants, went tom pert of the grounds which, kora its abouudiug with pheasants, he thought would be the plata to what the poacher world meet proba bly direst their etas ; and before waiting many awes they WV WAN me approaching. When they Gann a& neatly near Thompson seised the foremen, sad afterwards a second, sad while straggling with them, mon of the pandas, seven la number, sod all snarl, Doming up, Thomases we. =ask with a biog.= end hank= down, when they kielted sad beat him moat drernifelly. While the eaglet was going on, the pasha =dieted some woade upon themaalves which wen in tended for the keeper. Oa of them, when so sank and out Be islet, it is Jen." In the Wife which took place eae of the pasha made a blow with the batt.end of his gsa, sad repeatiag It brae the sleek ; in broalar, the pan want nil, bet =Aa ri, aim* &rag farther injury I then burning the bee pert d the elelMs isf the man who used it. The same ea, with the slalom& mode a blow at the heed of Mr. Paweem's eseehmee, who partially warded It of with hie ank ad la se debg eseerned so severe a Now ea the darn that be hoe bees unable he use it =toe. Two of thelneaftecealernmaamaid Tatabalisail Wilson, were also knoched awl Meshiedead , sad while Thompson and nay were am weepemerod, the other aseileale ran away, leaving the palm mestere of the Sal, gad the whole escaped at the See; bat slam then thee. Mn have been arrested at Alai* by the pollee, ea graspidea. Os the 26th, they were taken to ilkawdea, whey* Themplos lies dangerously ill, when two of them wen ideal= as bag the leaden of the party the one James Renwick, as being the man with whom Thompson grappled; the other, Thomas Hewey, as the man who ethnic the coach.cus with the gun. The third men apprehended I. named Shelley. The three men have been remanded to Alnwlek Horne of Correction. STAITORIKIIKE. COLLIERY ACCIDENT.—Six LIVIA LOST.—A dia estrous incident occurred at Bent,lee Colliery, in the occu pation of Messrs. Hawley, Bridgwood, and Co. shoot three miles from Henley, on the morning of the 22nd l ent A party of workpeople, consisting of five men and • boy, were drawling the abaft, about six o'clock, wires the Unk of the chain to which the cons was attached broke, and the unfor nate people were precipitated to the bottom, a depth of 120 yards, and killed on the spot. The 11•111111 of the sufferers are Joseph J nue, of Lonnion,•msnied man with one child; William Cotton, of Lonwon, a married man with four chit. dren; Thos. Britta, of Wseherwell, single man; Charles Horl, stone, of Wa sb erwall, a Earned man with ens child ; William Winn:ince, of Bentlloe, a married man with three children ; and Joseph Derrloote, a lad of fourteen. Four widows and nine fatherless children have thus to mourn a melancholy bereavement. The pit is 130 yards deep, and is worked by a flat chain. Ono party of six had descended in safety before the accident occurred. The breakage was at what is technically termed the " clevet link," at the end of ' the chain, which is col eider,' an improvement on the hook to which the corfe was formerly attached. At the time of the accident the carte was about ten yards down the pit. /IORTIIAMPTO? . I3tiIR_E. .--.--.. ...... TENANT RICIIIT. The Peterborough Farmers' Club, at their last meeting, discussed the question, " What MeaMillell could be adopted to eheapen the cost nt the produe• firm of food ? " A lengthy dehatr ensued, in the course of which the question of tenant right was alluded to, as inci dental to the mstter before the meeting. The following re solution was then agreed to, " That it is desirable for the tenantry of this country to have their capital so seenred to enable them with confidence to speed their money freely in the soil, which would cans- a great demand for labour, and produce au increased quantity of food at a less price." 81FPOLK. FATU. COACII litited yesterday that on Sunday evening the Norwich Union coach, nn its route to the Beetern Union station, eve overturned in North stateosireet, Ipswich, and a lady was killed on the spot, alum of the other passengers Mi."( mire or leas injured. —Au inquiet was held on the lemons o Mrs. Parker, on Saturday, when a shrdict of " Acci•lental death" was re turned. 'TIC LATE EXPLOSION UN THE RAILWAY.—SOnIe days ago, we gave the parieular. of the explosion of two hash of gunpowder at the Witham station on the previous Sunday morning. Oa the !Acidity it seems that the com pany determined to institute proceedings against James Upton, the night porter having charge of the station when the explosion took place, and who had placed the powder upon the line. Accordingly he was apprehended and taken before the magistrates, where Mr. Richardson attended on the part of the company to prefer the charge, which was that of having negligently placed the said barrel of gunpowder uprn the line, whereby the liven of the pissengeis, and the property of the company, were placed in imminent danger, the penalty for which ' unite the act is 101. Upton pleaded guilty to the charge, but from the statement which he made during the bearing, it appeared to the magistrates that the company did not em ploy a su ffi cient number of hands during the night properly to do the work. This circumstance was strongly remarked upon by the magistrates. Other extenuating circumstances, such as the darkness of the night, the rain falling at the time, and his previous good conduct, operated strongly upon them to mitigate the penalty to the Invest possible sum, namely, 61., and in this sum, tow:thee with the coats, he was fined, and he was at the same tie:. discharged from the company's service, V. Of Civil Injuries.—lncluding the modes of redress. VI Of Crimes.—lneluding the modes of promcutioe. The history of our law as detailed in the new com mentaries is singularly instructive. It shows how the determination of our national character has gra dually moulded the most heterogeneous and unpro mising customs and positive laws into a system of great practical utility, though encumbered with much that is us , less and inconvenient. It is curious to trace the way in which our actual legal system has been compounded. Wo have the unwritten or common law which some of die older law writers would de rive from the Ancient Britons, but which is probably itself a mixture of the laws and customs of the Ito mane, the Picts, the Saxons, the Danes, and the Normans ; though it may be broadly stated that the Saxon laws and customs were highly favourable to individual freedom and popular rights, while those of the Normans mainly contributed to the aggrandise ment of a powerfulsecuon of the community. Thenwe have the stringent and positive feudal laws designed to secure and perpetuate a dominant class, whose power was based on the possession of land; and, lastly, there is the judge-made law, the fictions and subtleties by which the astuteness of the lawyer, then exerted in favour of civilisation, counteracted and sometimes defeated the iron hand of feudalism. Nor is it less useful and instructive to observe the gradual and often slow, bat always certain, influence which commerce has exercised upon our legal system. The towns, the seats of trading industry, became, first, the refuge of thou oppressed by the tyranny of the barons, then the strength on which the crown ri lied to countervail and check the exorbitant power of the greatlanded aristocracy, and, finally, the source of that national wealth which has so materially modi fied, though it has not yet abrogated, our oligarchical constitution ; and we see that everything which has tended to lessen the exorbitancy of the power of the landed oligarchy has induced great and immediate' improvements in our law. Thus the Crusade', by breaking down the fortunes of so many of the peat barons, as well as by inducing extended amenseree, became indirectly the cause of the advances made by our law subsequently to that period. So again, the wars of the Roses ruined the aristocracy to the exal tation of the crown, but at the same time opened the way to industry, and rendered the laws far more favourable to the rights of the industrious than they had ever before been. From the accession of Henry VII. the improvement in oar law has been constant, and in a degree mainly coincident with the progrus of trading industry. The statute of fines which tact litated the destruction of entail, passed in this reign, and was a step towards the free disposal of land. In the next reign the statute of wills enabled the owner of laud to devise one-half of his estate, but the full power to dispose of real pro perty by will was not given until after the Restoration. The statute of uses, too, dates in the reign of Henry VIII., which, as Blackstone says, pro tected estates for years from being destroyed by the reversioner, that is, the owner of the landsubjecttothe lease, and introduced new modes of conveyancing, which at that time greatly conduced to the more easy and convenient transfer of real property. Further means were also found for breaking up entails. Bat LITERATURE. what most strongly denoted the degree in which the English had become a commercial people, was the Nero Commentaries el the Late* of Booked (partly founded o). By Haim , him e rirmiN , establisnment of bankrupt laws, by which an unfor jeant at-Law. Second minion. 4 vols. innate trader was for the first time relieved from per- Th. Companion Book end Supplement to Blookitoka's Cots.- petual imprisonment as the consequence of his failure. ~aeries. By J. DINAIWALL WILLIAMS, Bag. These laws received great impro-ements during the There can be no more decisive testimony to the sub- r, igos of Elizabeth and James I.; so mach so, stantial merits of Blackstone than the steady place that the statues of lames continued to be the ap his commentaries have maintained from the time of naive bankrupt law down to our own time. The poor their publication, eighty years since, in public and laws, too, must be considered evidence of program, es prokeekmal estimation. Mr. Williams, the author of evincing rare not only for the public peace, bat inerened the second work at the heed of this, designates him- interest in the condition of the most humble Ann self the editor of the 18th and 19th editions of the But the reign of Charles 11. ratified the more ins commentaries, and his present " Companion and Sup- portent ameliorations which had been effected under element" is intended to continue the statutory enact- the Commonwealth, amongst which especial mention 'tents and judicial decisions from the last corrections must be made of the abolition of all feudal tenures of Sir William Blackstone to this present time. The (with the exception of the omitted case of copyhold) work, too, has the advantage of being equally appli- and the conversion of all tenure into common cable to all and each of the many editions of the coin- or fee simple. King James L had proposed mentaries, and constitutes besides a digested summary abolition of feudal tenures, and, by way of compare of the law fi r the last 70 years. It forms a very use- lion, required that a yearly fee-farm rent, payable out ful publication, especially so to students, who may of every knight's tee, should be settled and annexed prefer to nee one of the older edition of s Black- to the crown for ever. Nor was this unreasonable, as stone." the land had always been subject to various burden- Mr. Stephen's work is of a bolder and more ambi- some services and paymen:s. A certain money rent time character. He, taking into consideration the would have formed a great relief to the landowner, net eke erne which have occurred in our laws and would have been a fair equivalent to the crows. daring the het 30 years, and the wonderful dews But when military tenures were actually abolished, lopment of what may be termed the social branch of the equivalent given to the crown was an hereditary our legal spasm, determined, instead of re-editing emu duty; a tax, in fact, paid not by the land " Blackstone.* to write " New Commentaries" on the owners whose estates were relieved from feudal bur laws of &Peed, and therein to embody so much of dens, but by the industrious part of the comainnity. the text of "Blackstone " as correctly states the law Thus early in the progress of En,,lish industry had at the present time. And this week, one of no mean the dominant landed interest learned the way to trans difficulty, has been well executed, and affords alike ter its own burdens upon the shoulders of the people. to the professional and non-professional reader a oar- Subsequent changes in oar law belong to modern red view of our law, in a form not less attractive than juridical history, with the general outline of which the original commentariee. The arrangement of most readers will be familiar. A more clear and pre the various subjects as discussed by Blackstone cise detail of such changes and of the actual law will has been considerably altered. The main division of not be found than that presented by Mr. Stephen in municipal law into rights and wrongs has been re- his " New Commentaries"; in which we should men tained as beitg founded on a natural and just die- Son he has marked, by brackets, the passages tinction, and interwoven besides, with the whole taken from Blackstone, so that the readers fabric of our law and rooted in tae minds of our , e'er see at a glance, if he deems it im lawyers." The division of wrongs into those of a portant, whether any particular passage ie by the civil and those of a criminal nature is also preserved. I hand of the old or the new commentator. We But Blackstone'd division of rights into rights of eannat part with this work without attempting to persons and rights of things is departed from. Mr. I elucidate from its pages one of the grant modern ques- Stephen, in hie preface, thus states his objection to , dons of the day, namely, how the land of this country that arrangement : is to be made available for the purposes of commerce TREATMENT OF DEBTORS COMMITTED BT TUE COUNTY COURT.—At the court at Chelmsford, on Wednes day, Mr. Gordon ob , erved to Mr. Neale, the governor of the gaol, who was present, tha. a person who had been com. mitred by him from ltochford Hundred had boasted that be was allowed to smoke in 'he pool, that he was very comfort able there, and did not care fur the comntittmeut.—Mr. Neale said it must have been an empty bout; the persons committed by this court were not allowed the privileges of common debtors—they were treated as misdemeanants, and there was a separate flan fur them.—Mr. Gurdon said he was aware of that, hut he th , ught it ought to be publicly known —Subseqoently Mr. Neale produced the printed rules with respect to this elms of debtors, by which it ap peered trey had oatmeal gruel and bread for breakfast and supper, a pint of soup and bread for dinner three days in the week, and three ounces of meat, halt a pound of potatoes, and eight ounces of bread on the other four ; and it is add, d "They shall not procure or receive any tebscoo, wine, beer, or fermented liquor, except by order of the surgeon, on the ground of health. They shall be per.nitted to see their relo mous sod friends only ono, in the course of each week." I and a grioalture. At this moment the great obstacle to the advancement of husbandry and the pr.:4re*s of improvment in the productive power of our soil is Med to consist in tte law of real property end the system of which that law is both a consequee. and a cause. How the law arrived at its actual ste , e, and what it now is, we will endeavour to trace. Purely feudal tenures consisted of land held by vassal., by the giant of the lord, upon the condition of performing military services; and in the times of violeneo which followed the breaking up of the Roman empire, the owners of land, after voluntarily surren dering their land to some powerful ltd re ceived it back again in the shape of a fend for the sake of the comparative security enjeyed by feudal vassals. In this way, as much as by a positive alteration of the law ' all the land of this cow.try be came, soon a ft er the Norman conquest, held by feudal tenures. Such relation of lords and tenants was to a great extent a military organisation, and one oerhaps not ill adapted to the rude and uncivilised dal e of the people and the times. But one of its princioa" objects was, that the feudal tenant should be a pers capa ble of performing that military service in re , pest of which his estate was in fact or by fiction of law, granted to him. Hence the custom of prhoogeni tare, and the anxious provisions made for en tailing the entire estate on the heir male of the feudatory. Some other incidents to feudal tenures became most oppressive to the owners of land, to redress which the various t carters of which we read in English history were t xtorted front the sovereigns by the barons or principal feuda tories. But the barons themselves were er-r most anxious to perpetuate so much of the feudal s 3 dent as preserved in their own hands the real go :erning power ; and this was moat effectually done by main taining, by means of primogeniture and entb no, the estate entire in the possession of one membei of the family. Land was then of necessity the a uree of subsistence and income, but its ecetionai :al use Was ever made subordinate and nubservelet to its political use ; and such, under all the changing circumstances of English society, has ever since continued to be the cis , . The law, however, and its interpreters, always tended towards freedom, and sought to free land fi um the fetters of entails. Thus the feudal ;imitation of an estate to a man and the heirs male of his body was held to be a conditional fee; that is, a fee subject to the condition that the grantee should have ..n heir male, and when that condition had been performed by the birth of an heir male, the father wa- enabled absolutely to dispose of the estate. The lauded legis lators met this by positive enactment contained in 13 Edw. L e. 1, called the statute De dais condi , tionalibus, to the effect that the heirs should take the estate, notwithstanding any alienation by the grantee; cr, if no issue, that it should revert back to 'he lord of the fee. This statute made entailed estates Intel,. inalienable. The owners of conditional fees by , this act became tenants in, tail. The operation of this law, which subsisted for about two hundred veAre, is thus described by Blackstone; Thus much fur toe nature of estates tail, the establishment , of which family law (as it im properly styled by Pigott) oc ; essioned infinite difficulties and disputes. Children grew disobedient when they knew they could not be set aside: farmers were ousted of their leases made by tenante in tail ; ; for if such leases had been valid, then under colour of long leues the issue might have been virtually disinherited: cre ditors were defrauded of their debts; for if tenant in tail could have charged his estate with their payment, he might also have defeated his time, by mortgaging it for as much as it wan worth ; innumerable latent entails were produced to deprive purchase.. of the lands they had fairly bought, of , suits in conseauerce of which, our antient books are full: and treasons were encouraged; u estates tail were nut liable to forfeiture longer than lot the tenant's life. tie that they were justly bran•led as the source of new oonteateins and mischiefs unknown to the common law, and almost univer sally considered as the common grievaice of the realm. But as the nobility were always fond of the statute De (Joni:, be cause it preserved their family estates from forfeiture, there ' was little hop of procuring a repeal by the legislature; and ' therefore, by the connivance of an active and politi prase*, ' a method was devised to evade it. But in the reign of Edward IV. it was openly de cided by the Judges that a common recovery—which was a fictitious suit—suffered by a tenant in tail would convert his estate into a fee simple absolute, and her all persons claiming under the entail or any estate ulterior thereto. This effect had been in part produced by the operation of a fine, also a fictitious suit, but in a less complete manner then by a reco very. Such fictitious proceeding! were, says Black stone, "introduced by a kind alma/raw, to elude the statute De dome which was found so intolerably mischievous, and which yet one branch of tha legis lature [the Lords' would not then consent to repeal " Such '• pions fraud," however, in connexion with that "remarkable rale of construction called the rule in Shelley's ease" was a final blow to entails as they were then limited. That rule is thus propounded by Lord Coke: That wherever a man, by any gift or conveyance, takes an estate of freehold, and in the same gift or conveyance an estate is limited, either mediately or immediately. to kis heirs in fee or in tail, the word heirs is a word of limitation, and cot of purchase. In other words, it is to be understood as expressing the quantity of estate which the v.rty is to take, and not as conferring any distinct estate on the per sons who may become his representatives. The reason of that rule Mr. Stephen rightly states to be that "where by the same conveyance land is given to a person for his life, and afterwards to the heirs of the same person, it is reasonable to presume that he is himself intended in both cases as the sole object of the gift; and that no benefit is designed to his heirs, except what they may derive by operation of law from his own antecedent seisin." And this is the only reasonable role as applicable to settle ments, namely that the unborn issue of the tenant for life, whether called heirs as in the old form, or children as at present, should be absolutely in the power of the parent. Our modern system of strict settlement was Invented by Sir Orlando Bridgman and Sir Geoffrey Palmer. That system is well stated by Mr. Stephen : When land was settled by a limitation to the parent for life, and after his death to his ant and other sons or children in tail, and trustees were interposed to priaierve thu contin gent remainders, this way called • strict settlement. The estate tail immediately expectant on the parent's lite estate was sot only exempt from the danger of being defeats d be. fore the first son was born, but remained unalienable until be attained the age of twenty one : at that period, however, he might. with consent of his parent, if then living, or at his own pleasure, if his parent were dead, bar both his own issue and those is remainder or reversion, and convert his estate tail into a fee simple absolute; and, even without coasent of hu parent, might is all ca em bar his own issue, leaving the ulterior estates undisturbed. This state of the law to regards the position of a child to whom, before his birth, a remainder in tail has been limited, expectant on a precedent life estate limited to his parent, is still unaltered, though by the effect of a late statute, to which we shall have occasion presently to refer, the interposition of trustees to preserve contingent remainders is no longer necessary to his security. Here we see that practically most of the mischiefs so graphically described by Blackstone, as resulting from the statute De dons, are revived. By our mo dern settlements, eldest eons are "rendered disobe dient," "farmers are ousted of their lessee," and "creditors defrauded of their debts," as effectually as if the entail was perpetual; for, indeed, a settlement made by a father on himself for life, then to his eon for life, and then to the unborn child of that eon— and such is generally the state of families when settle ments are made—is for all practical purposes, and as regards this generation, a perpetual settlement. KENT. FITS CHILDREN EMT 70 DEATH IN A CART.- An inqueet was held near Faversham on Saturday, when from evidence adduced, it appeared that, in the course of Friday, • pedlar, named J. Davey, MIS hawking in the d iarish el' of Osprioge, and in order to vend his goods at the Great farms and other dwellinse, he, with his wile, left their van In a by-rosd which leads from Whitehill to Spalding. It was like those used by hawkers—a perfect travelling habita tion. It had a tilt to it, under which were five of their chil dren, the eldest about eight years of age, and the youngest six months. Them, with the vehicle and goods, were left in charge of a girl, seventeen years of age, and a boy who is in his eleventh year. On reaching a place called Plum ford Farm, the toy, perceiving • threshing-machine at work, asked the man who was driving the machine to give him some straw, the weather being very inclement. The man refueed, and the lad then proceeded to gather some of the learn straw that was lying about. Having collected a handful, he called the eldest girl, his sister, who was in the van, to carry it in. She did so, but unfortunately, whilst arranging it, a portion of the straw touched the fire, and in stantly the whole muse was in a lase. The girl ran out, and screamed for help, and the boy, as if from fright, ran away, apparently perfectly unable to render the last assistance. A party of labourers speedily arrived, but, unfortunately, not knowing that the poor children were inside, elated themselves in suppressing the &mos. They drugged the vehicle into an adheent field, and, on subduing the An they discovered the charred remains of the five ehildren. Life in mob ease was quite extinct—Verdict, " Accidental death" in each ease ; but the coroner reprimanded the father for the imprudence he had exhibited in reference to the safe keeping of his children. In the first place It determine that the law relating to I prune shall he fully discussed before that relating to pro perty has hew enatined,--and yet the subject of property i ought, is name, to take the prudence of that part of the , law of pewees. at least, which tree's of relative rights ; for it ie in the mature of the relative rights, viz. ' those which grow oat of the social relations of parent and child, husband and wits, weglatrates and people, sad the Mks, to presuppose the alooduss era elite, liberty, personal security, and props rty. With mem& as absolute right/ of the three first descriptions, this Is arises, sad the precedence therefore is properly as te them In Blackstone's work; but ft is equally true with regard to property also—for property, like the reet, an- grenebalal=t W are adjus ted, of the crue t. wout an hich tlei m ust e , stewhit! =Cto refer. To this right, therefore, the next place I! point of correct arrangement, to have been allotted; ' bas the sommentator's plan of division makes this imps- Ada, mad oomph him, after a short notice of property, to pee se, and to pormona its farther examination until all relative rights (whether private or public) have been hausted. This inversion of the natural order is not only inartificial, but often embarrasses the discussion of rights of the relative kind. Thus In the chapter on husband and wife, every reader must perceive the disadvantage of the total omission to notice the effects of marriage in regard to the property of the parties; and yet until the subject of pro perty in general had been examined, any disquisition on the proprietary rights attending that particular relation, would have been obviously premature. To Blackstone's arrangement of rights the objection is that neither of hisdivistonsoompneesthegrestbranch of the law which concerns the social, as distinguished from the political, ecclesiastical, and judicial institu tions of the country, such as the laws which relate to the poor, to highways, to public charities, and so forth. Mr. Stephen thus describes his own plan : The general plan, which I have thus ventured, on my own responsibility, to lay down, will be found in the Ant chapter of the first book. Its leading principle is—to make the dis tinction between persons and things the foundation not of a primary, but of a subordinate arrangement, and to consider persons as oon•tituting, In a primary nose, the only objects of the law's regard. But the persons, whom the law is su po.esl thus uniformly' to contemplate, are presented, first, in the light of insulated individuals,—end in that capacity their personal (in other words their bodily) rights are examined; next in their connexion with the things around them, — which introduces the consideration of their rights of pro perty ; ns xt, as members of families,—which involves their rights in private relations; and lastly, as members of the community,—which leads to the (Bremerton of their rights in public relations, or bas they may be termed more compen diously) public rights. According to this order, the absolute right uniformly takes the precedence of the relative, and the law of property in general is investigated before the relation of men, in regard to property, arise for consideration. tipin this system, too, the division of public rights (when it shall come to be examined in its proper place) will allow of a subdivision conveniently adapted to the discussion of those mixed subjects to which we have before referred, and which, baying no exclusive connexion either with person or pro perty. it is the tendency of Blackstone's method to exclude. I propose to soNlivide the bead of public rights into those which concern a man in his relations to parsons in authority, whether eseil or ecclesiastical, and thou which concern him in his relations to his fellow-citizens at large—the first of which will fall under the heads of the Civil Government, and the Church ; the second, under that of the Social Economy of the Realm ; and it is under this latter head that such mixed subji cis as above referred to will finds regular and appropriate plans. Use entire arrangement of the work, when sully developed, will consequently stand as follows :- 1. Of Personal Rights. 11. Of Right' of Property.—l. As to things real ; 2. As to tniuga personal. Ot Rights in Private Relations.-1. Between muter and servant; 2. Between husband and wife; 3. Between parent and child; 4. Between guaruian 11.1211 ward. IV. Of Public Rights.—l. As to the civil government; 2. As to the .hutch ; 3. As to the social economy of the realm. THE CHRISTMAS PANTOMIMES. DRURY-LANE.—This theatre re-opened last evening with the game equestrian troop that was here in the mum of the summer, under the management of K. Dejean. The performances are slightly saved, and an addition has been made to the stud of two highly-trained and bes,tiful ones, which are named Pyramus and Thisbe, whose dceility cleverness are very remarkable. The troupe of coltigewrs also is very numerous, and some of their feats are wonderful. Amon.at the riders, the graceful Palinpe Anat., and the fearlets Caroline take a prominent part in the exercises of the ring. The two Auriole have also returned, and ath.rd clown has been added in the person of an Arab styled Mahomet, whoa' drolleries and agility produced gr.at amusement. By way of variety, a promenade has beets openc.d. leading to the stanige and to the department where the horses are stationed, which was thronged by "visiu.s. The performances were very well attended, the boxes and pit being tilled with holiday makers, whoa applause greeted the extraordinary feats executed fur their amusement, parti cularly an act of equitation performed by a Mr. Nesmith), wh we agility and grace approach very nearly to the late Dutrow. The speculation appears likely to snowed, and in order to suit the convenionce of theoung folks, morning performances are to be given during tie Christmas HaTMARICET.—The Christmas piece here is entitled Camaralsaman and Bsdunra ; or, the Peri who loved tke Prince." The oasis of the plot is in the Arabian Nights; where, as our read. rs ought to remember, Can Prince of the Bnaledan Isles, and Badoures, ri li eers Chia, who have respectively vowed to envoi their papa's purples to marry them on expediency principh by mot atoning at sll, are, by the ingenious tricks at djtau, or genii, brought to: ether sled made to I um: another Dann d, sperately ; and, after sundry trials, :rc wedded. In the Arabian enterta - nment before us, maters proc2te in C'