The Express. — London, England, 1848-08-10 00:00:00

fe their interests. If they were to have throe two blockades, the blockade in the Baltic and Black Sea and the blockade In the Rio de la Plata, the effect upon their commerce would be moot disastrous, and some explanation was due to British merchants as to the steps taken by the British go- Tegument (Hear, hear.) Lord PALMERSTON said that with respect to the first blockade to which the hon. gentleman alluded, be was sure that both he and the how* must see that it was not a blockade which they imposed or one which they were entitled to force, and therefore the presence of an ships on our part was not necessary on the coasts to which it applied. The original blockade by the Danish fleet was relaxed in a great degree, and iu the hope that the armiatice would be signed, it sluiced ceased. An aanouncemeat had been recently received, that if the armistice was not con cluded by the 15th, on that day the Danish government would feel theuatelyes ureter the necessity of reimposing the blockade to a greeter extent than it existed before. There was no doubt of the right to impose it as a measure of bel ligerent retaliation, and it would not in any degree be com ps:est or right for tkis country to interpose or raise objec tions to that blockade. (Hear, hear.) The only functions therefore which would devolve upon the British government, would be to take care that the blockade was enforced in conformity to the law of nations. (Hear.) If that blockade should unfortunately commence, and if the Danish government oily sanctioned what the law of nations allowed, there was no iiccesion, as far as they saw, foe the With of any ships of war on those coasts. (Hear, hear.) With regard to the prospect of the armistice being signed, it was not very safe in a matter in which so many parties were concerned to indulge in predictions, but he still entertained what he con-id, red just wounds of hope that before long they should have that armistice concluded. (Hear, hear.) lie hoped they would be put in a train of early and satisfac tory settlement. With regard to La Plata, they were not answerable tor the commencement of hostilities with that country. The cumber of ves-e.s of war there had been diminished. T Ler e was no doubt, however, that*e blockade had been a very ditadvontegeous one to merchants, and he could assure tke hon. gentleman that they would endeavour to bring it to a elixir at the earliest period possible. Mr. DISRAELI asked for some explanation as to Mr. Southern's mission to Buenos Ayres, Viscount PALMERSTON said Mr. Southern had been sent out to till the vivant place of minister at Buenos Ayres, and there was nothing in our relations with Gen. Routs to preclude the desirability of making that appointment. Lord INGES IRE expressed Ms opinion that the sp• pointment of the comtnittee had been productive of incon venient delay. Copt. PEC II ELL said that during 14 years he had ob served the proceedings of the house, he had never witnessed such a debate as had taken place on the present occasion. The house had been dragged from the Cosmcks to the Duke of York, and six hours hid been wasted in useless talk. He hoped the government would act up to all the recommenda tions of the committee, and that the Board of Admiralty would ven go beyond them. The actual position of masters in the navy was such that if all the lieutenants on board the ships where they served were swept away, a midshipmen might be promotod above them, and they might be compelled to sense under youths whose standing was not by any . means equal to theirs. He must call the serious attention of the committee to theta points. Capt. HARRIS expressed his surprise that no statement had been made by the hon. member (Mr. Ward) with re spect to the machinery for maiming the navy, more particu larly when the vide of Europe was taken into consideration. Mr. WAHLEY expressed an intention of calling the at tention of the house at an early opportunny to the ease of the aggrieved officers of the navy, whose treatment had been alluded to in tree course of the debate. Mr.WYLD feared that if the blockade at Buenos Ayres was continued serious consequences would ensue, and he biped the governmeut would give some answer to the question of the hon. member for Buckinghamshire. Mr. WARD said that when tree time came for protecting British intere-to at Buenos Ayres the government would be ready to interfere. In answer to a question which had been asked at an early period of the evening, Admiral DUNDAS stated that the masters in the navy would be entitled to retire at 50 with the rank of comman. der, and half-pay consistent with that rank. Mr. URQUHART hoped that any interference which the government might adopt in the affairs of foteign natiins would be aco . rding to law. Mr. ANS 'EY asked whether our cruiiers on the coast of Africa were at present acting larder the wise and moderate instructions of Lord Aberdeen, or whether those instructions had been reecinde by the present noble Secretary for Foreign Affairs ? Lord PALMERSTON said that the house was aware that the instructions to which the bun. member alluded had It d to lengthened proceedings in the courts. lie could assure the hon. member that the officers on the coast of Africa were acting under iustructions in strict concurrence with the law of the land. In answer to a question from Lord Isiciesrae, Admiral DUNDAS said that if the assistant-surgeone in the navy nu so d in the ward-room, the mates and ' dozen other officers would be equally entitled. The com plaints of the newspapers on this subject were wholly without reasonable found droll. Mr. OSBORNE complained that assistant-surgeons in the navy were nut placed on a footing with similar officers in the army. Lord J. RUSSELL considered that the matter was in the hands of the hon. member for Finsbury, and trusted that he would not lie anticipated by other hon. members. The vote was then agreed to. 210,930/., victual* for seamen.—Agreed to. 136,3031, salarir sof Akers, JD the Admiralty.—This 'vote was, after a short conversation, agreed to. 9.731/., Iteeistry-office for merch ant seamen. Mr. HUME sMI that this office bad failed, and ought to be abolished. Capt HARRIS vindicated the usefulness of the office. The vote was then agreed to. 7,2611., eci.otific departments of the navy. Mr. WYLD observed that the charts now in use bad been engraved eight years since, and required much alteration. The vote was agreed to. Mr. HUME moved that the Chairman report progress. After an observation from Mr. WARD the motion was agreed to. The committee to sit main at 5 o'clock on Friday. The house adjourned at a quarter-put 1 o'clock. Vu Orpreai. MAILS. The mails for British North America, and the United States, will be made up en the evening of the 11th Aug. The West India Mails, excluding Bermuda, Nassau, Havana. Honduras, New Orleans, Vera Crux, Tampico, and Porto Itim, and including those for Madeira, Jacmet, Carthagem, Santa Xtartha, Cbagres, Panama, West Coast of South America, arid St. Juan-ale- Nicaragua, will be made up on the morning of the 17th August. The reads for Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Cali; am I:thriller will be made up on the morning of the 17th Aug. The overland mails toi Gibraltar, Malta, Greece, the lonian Islands Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, Hong-Kong, and China, via Southamp ton, will be made upon the evening ot the 12th August. The overland chord mail,, au Marseilles, to the Mediterranean. Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, llong-Bong, lac., will be made up on the evening of the 2ith Aug. The made for New South Wales, Ten Dieman's Land, and New Zealand will be made up on the evening of the 31st August. The mails for the West Coaat of Africa and llageira will be made ep on the evening of the 31st August. The roans for the Brasile, tee Itieer Plate, Monte Video, Vernon. both. Bahia, Madeira, and Buenos Ayres, will be made up on the evening of the 4th September. NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS. The number of STAMPS issued by the authorities of th, Stamp-off.ee, during 1847, to the DAILY NEWS wu 3.447.009 This, we believe, is within eight per orning cent. o she enmbed Issued to the Morning Herald, M Chronie, an , l Morning Post, ALL PUT TOSZTKIIA. In addition to the above, issued to the DAILY NEWS, Morning Paper, there were hided for the Evening Edition THE EXPRESS 778.714 Which was more, we believe, than were issued either to the G:o6e cr .Standard, Evening Papers. DIOR WATER AT LOP DON BRI Tits Do —Al.:mainly II win. paw lo; Aftwwpw. DG 44 E Agin. past W. T. MurAwg,l4 mutt. pee II; Litlll.oll4 Si Su. put 11. LONDON, THURSDAY, A UG. 10. THAT very noisy and confident band of conserva tives which declared the new reform movement a failure, and which already exulted in seeing it eclipsed by Irish rebellion and continental turmoil, has received a startling and awakening answer. That answer is the carrying the question of the ballot in the house of Commons by a majority of five! The triumph may have been owing in some degree to the supineness of the great finality party ; but for much of it also we are indebted to the disgust and want of confidence felt by numbers of that party in the firm ness, the policy, and the wisdom of t heir leaders. If , indeed, there were any waverers in the House on this question of secret or open voting, the argu ments of the l'rimo Minister and his friends were not likely to decide them. For the core, the sub stantial part of the question of the ballot, was by them completely thrown aside, and the whole force of argument and of objection against it limited to considerations of taste, grace, and decorum. In tact, this question of an Englishman's voting for a representative who is to have the dispo sal of his fortune and his country is treated in the grave House of Commons as if it were the cut of a coat or the ...-- . . of - • °eu:,......_•-_- faehion of an equipage. They do not say, is it scnptions gra i n -w heat , barley, este and rye—in and evidence was -_._ jut ?—is it required ?—but is it well-looking and 1647 and 1848, we o btain the following figures in accased, viz., M. Caussidiere. - concerning ►_ . before Trieste. In this rotest he eays it is his last ty-at-home ae0r,,....--__ decorous' The appeal for judgment iB not made to quarter.: 1847. 1848. These were the openly avowed motives, but it was P - noise, riot, poetry and prose men run mad has ended, also felt by all that to acquiesce in the suppression of Peaceful communication. the philoeophere of moral or common sense—to the 1,n75,00 0 1 25s 000 ron t ee er d e ings wh ag o n a iu tt st end ) ed ir. m in itc gre bel, at an k d ree of and the bubble burst. The absence of the young Con- RAN MANS or the G ROTES—but, on the contrary, to This is a difference, certainly, but not such a differ- the evidence would be an act of base fear, would be FRA.NKFORT.—We stated that the ministry o f f dt e i ra ng te the barris p the BEAU I3REM M ELLS, and the other masters of the nee as would be expected between a season of famine shrinking from a struggle against the republic of foreign tails had been offered to Prince Vo L e min_ political ceremonies. and one of plenty—between a Uaecite average of 801. terror, and it was firmly resolved to stand or fall in ben• His acceptation of the office is stated to have the young Confederate attorneys, was noticed. The present s ystem i n to to divide the political po- an Indian f 4Ss. Compare, however, the importation that struggle. been received. On the bills being brought into court, Baron Penne pulation o f En land into two classes, the wealthy of corn, Indian meal, and wheat meal, and the In the m eeting at the Institute it was resolved to HESSE-CASSEL.—The liberals are sadly dia . ap- father desired that Mr. Duffy should be brought in. elective, and the industrious electors, who are but on difficulty in a great measure disappears. Thus : vote against the publication of the documents and pointed iu the hopes they had formed reepeeting the On his entrance he looked extremely pale, and deeply 1847. 1848. evidence, but that they should be handed over with amelioration of the political condition of this princi- sensible of his position. His countenance ' has become the road to wealth. his of the greatest importance to the 2,082,000 ... 652,000 Mahe (qrs.) the report to the ,li tiger of Justice. At the other pality. The legislative chamSer, which was t o r a hs is- strongly marked since hit; confinement. Mr. Duff solved after the events of March, has voted looked around the court but recognised no groups Y latter to have• heir rising and struggling interests repre- Ind= meal (cwts.) B/3,000 •.. 149000 sented by one impressed with those interests. It is, 011 Wheat meAl do. 1.2 0 9 .000 - 302,0 00 meetings no resolution was come to. the contrary, o f g r e at importance to the wealthy, that The British and Irish famine of 1847 was, there- In the committee of inquiry itself, which consists of maintenance, with some slight changes, of the old of friends, and returned the salute of" one THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUST 10, 1848. they should sit in pediment and represent them selves. The present g r im of election admirably ac complishes this. This industrious elector is partly in dependent, partly dependent : he would consult both feelings in his choice of a representative, were he free. But the open voting compels him to consult merely his dependence, and to give his vote to the interests of another class and another person than himself. The ballot is proposed, as a way to rescue him from political slavery. But against it the interested elect live class again steps in, and pooh-poohs the proposal as un-English, and unmanl7. It is then, un-English for JOHN BULL to have a will of his own in politics. And it is more manly to be dependent and vote against one's will and interests in trembling cupidity, than to have political independence, and exercise it. For our part we do think, that these insolent sophisms upon the ballot, seeking to convince the Englishman of the manliness of being a slave, are about the moat tin-English thoughts and words in our national mind and language. We are really quite ashamed of the space which this merely 'esthetic or tasteful argument against the ballot occupies in English debate. We certainly should not hear of it, could any more rational objection be urged, or durst the real objection be stated. The true aim is, to keep those that are socially dependent politically so. The ballot is in fact a measure of political eman cipation. Lord ALTIIORP took a lordly, but a liberal, view of it. He said, the ballot would not emancipate the dependent. They would vote as before, and it would make no change; why, therefore, not gratify the people who ask it by granting it to them ? Lord ALTIIORP appears to us to have been in a great measure right. Still it would make a difference. The ballot would emancipate the farmers in the country and the tradespeople in the town. And the result would be, not probably that farmers or trades people would elect other candidates than they do row, but these candidates would be obliged to conci liate their constituents in a different manner. Inti midation would cease, for it would produce offence, not submission. The elective class durst no more overrule the religious. nr commercial, or moral feelings of the electors, but should consult them. It might not change the persons or even the party of candidates, but it would materially change the political conduct and necessities of members of all parties, and would bring the parliamentary and the middle class, the elective and the electors, into a closer bond of sympathy and union. We know of no result more desirable. Lord Jolts ltes'eLL, however, sees no such effect as likely to result from the ballot. He does not con descend to examine small consequences. lie regards things in the mass. lie thinks, that no further reform can be granted, except a big reform, and that the ballot would infallibly draw after it, like so many satellites, the remainder of Mr. }lucre's propositions. Lord JOAN will resist them all, and in this hie speech, we must say, was by no means so liberal as the speech in which he answered Mr. HuME. For then he promised at least something. Now, he hells forth nothing, and deprecates the smallest changes, as leading to a large one. The electoral theory developed in the minister's former speeches seemed to admit that the more the franc‘iise was ex tended, and the more the people were fitted to receive and exercise it, the better. On Tuesday Lord JOHN RUSSELL fell upon a much narrower and more antiquated theory. This is, that the elective franchise is a trust, for the exercise of which the elector is responsible to public opinion. Fur our part, we consider that an elector in giving his vote is simply called on to consult his pri vate interests, and the public interests as compre heading his private ones. He is an elector by virtue of his possessing a certain property. And as it is the foundation stone of the constitution that no money shall be levied on an Englishman's property without his own consent, given through his representative, we hold that all Englishmen, wno have wherewithal to be taxed, have a right to vote. That right may be limited from consideration of the ignorance, or other inca pacity of the holders. But the franchise we hold to be essentially a right, not a trust. If it be a trust, it must be given, and in this ease by whom ? If it be a trust, it might be taken away, or limited, or centred in a corporation. There can be no question about it, ' save one of expediency, or, as parliament seems to have it, of decorum. Political rights, according to this doctrine, an Englishman has none. According to the working of the system, however, the franchise is indeed a trust. It is the nominal liberty of franchise given by the elective class assem• bled in parliament to the electors, on the condition ct the electors serving under the dependence and intimi dation of the elective. Would it not be just the same for the elective or parliamentarian class to elect them selves? It would be less roundabout, but it surely would be the same in theory, and in result, as the present fictitious and humbug system of representa tion. It is the ballot that would put a little English manliness and truth into things, but the dominant aristocracy will not hear of it. What they hold out for is fiction—fiction of right, fiction of interests, fiction of functions, fictitious responsibility, fictitious divisions, and, to crown all, fictitious representation. THE wholesome practice of the Beard of Trade, which, by the issue of its bulletins, reminds the country of its real condition, put us yesterday in possession of a document of more than usual ir.te rest at this juncture, The " Trade and Navigation Return," which extends from the sth January to the sth July, 1848, embracin g a period of sufficient extent to justify a somewhat decisive comparison between the commerce of the country during the present and former years. It enables us to read in the unrhetori cal but precise symbols of arithmetic, the actual incidence upon our national condition of a pos ture of foreign politics without any parallel in the experience of, at least, one generation. We have been all of us talking . in general terms, and more or less under the influence of caution and common Fence, of French disorganu-ation, Italiab uncertainty, and Danish wars, since the beginning of the year, and upon one topic of the discourse there has at all events been a remarkable unanimity of con clusion. Each man has cherished his hopes or his fears of this or that political adventure, but all have agreed with one consent that no imaginable state of things could be more prejudicial to the industry of the revolutionised countries on the one hand, or to the commerce of our own islands on the other. When the detailed retort of the geographical distri bution of our exports to the present time is made up, we shall be is a position to trace statistically how tar the campaigns of CHARLES ALBERT, the wronghead edness of the King of PRCSEIA, the Hight el NIETIER NICH, and the establishment of the French republic, have caused a deviation from the tenure of our foreign trade in former years. The present returns are not without their use even for this purpose ; but the order of facts which they record rather concern the domestic industry than the foreign dealings of our population. The fleet thing to be considered in perusing these returns is the evidence which goes to prove whether or not the male of our own people have been well or ill provided for—whether they have been able to con sume as much tea, and coffee, ant sugar, and tobacco, and spices as they have consumed in former years. Next to this comes the necessity of tracing with becoming assiduity the increase or diminution in the supply of those vital ele ments of manufacture, without which the ingenuity and the wealth of Lancashire would perish for lack of snatenance. And lastly our curiosity may be directed to those special features of the evidence wch indicate some extraordinary departure from the current of com mon experience. Placing before us the present document with these views, and bearing in mind that it conveys to us the results of the first six months of the present year, compared with the corresponding half of 1847, what are the facts? It is impossible in the first instance to overlook the amazing discrepancy between the importations of grain during the last year and the present ; and when this part of the table is dissected, it leaves a result not altogether free from important novelty. If we compare the importations of the four principal de . - - fore, mainly assuaged by the primitive agriculture of the Ohio and the frontier state'. But there is this I farther fact—that even out of so great a calamity some good has arisen. It is plain from these figures that Indian corn and Indian meal havebeoome already en important article of Transatlantic commerce. Not three years ago our cornfactora were almost totally unacquainted with the great staple cereal of the American agriculturists ; and it is now in the highest degree probable that we have witnessed the com mencement of a revolution which, in the end, will substitute to a great extent the produce of the inte rior territories of the Union for the potato as the habitual food of a large section of our poorer population. Pursuing the investigation upon articles of consump tion, the difference between 1848 and previous periods is in no case very remarkable, but as a general rule the quantities taken into use this year are less than during the year preceding. Thus we have consumed 30,000 cwt. of butter, 200,000 lbs. of cocoa, 600,000 lbs. of coffee, 200,000 gallons of rum, and 100,000 gallons of wine leas than last year. In the articles of tea, tobacco, fruit, and sugar, there is either no dimi nution or a trifling increase. It must be observed, however, that the arrivals of foreign cattle have been upon a much smaller scale since January, 1848, than during the similar halt year of 1847. The comparative cheapness of prices at SoLthfield, and the unsettled state of the eastern corner of Europe will adequately ex plain the pause which has taken place in a branch of trade so far under the influence of &progressive expan sion. As far, therefore, as can be collected from these re turns, there is no reason to suppose that our industri ous classes have been subject to any extraordinary privation in their command over the necessaries and luxuries obtained from foreign or colonial sources, nor, onthe other hand,is there any evidence that their facilities as consumers have been greater than in former years. The figures which relate to the supply of raw ma terials, exhibit a more ag.eeable comparison. It was one of the worst complications of last year, that while our granaries wereempty,so wei eour docks and ware houses—that we had neither ooro to sell. cottuu to manufacture, nor linen to weave. Whatever may be the issue of the harvest and the incipient potato blight, this year, we may at least congratulate our selves upon the possession of raw materials upon which to expend our labour and exhibit our ingenuity. Upon several important articles the :ncrease is most Thus— 1847. 18111, Floe Hemp Tallow ......... 157,040 „ 1147,110.10 „ Palm oil and upon one of the following commodit ies the in. crease is still greater : 1817. 1848. Cotton wool 2,303,000 lb. Wool sheep's) .. 21,927,0001 h. There are some articles which indicate very expres sively the re-distribution which has taken place in the industry of Europe; thus: 1847, 1848. Skins, kid " lamb Silk, waste . . - ...... .. 3,723 „ thrown Here we have a diversion to our own shores of a description of raw materials which have formerly found their way to the bank of the Seine or the Rhine, and the general conclusion of this part of the return is borne out by a subsequent section of it, which shows the '• exports of foreign and colonial produce." These are a few of the comparative results of these exports: 1847. 1848. 'Odin° .0 Steel, fine Silk, raw Silk, thrown Cotton Cotton 220,026 .... . 195,961 And if we follow out this line of comparison by tracing the distribution of those commodities which, under the title of " British and Irish produce," con stitute what is commonly consilered to be our real foreign trade, we shall at once be able to elucidate the causes which, at the same time, have diminished the volume of that foreign trade, and also mitigated the extreme depression with which it was threatened. If we divide the cla-sification of table 3 into two groups of finished fabrics acd prepared materials, we have the following results: II:41581D nowt& 1847. 181 g. Cottons Hardware — . 1,196.000 939,000 Linens Silks Woollens -- £15,904,000 /13,213,000 Upon these five articles there is a falling off of 2,700,0001. rilLl•LiD ILLTOJAI4 1817. 1848. Cotton 1 arn Linen ditto Machinery 511,000 398,000 Wool Woollen yarn 51,U23,000 £3,197,e00 And upon these additional five articles a falling off of very nearly a further million. The whole difference between the exports of 1847 and 1848 is 4,000,000/.; and on the ten commodities we have enumerated there is a decrease of 3,700.0001., or a decrease equal to eight-tenths of the whole declension to be ac counted for. Now it is quite plain that it is the decrease in the prepared materials which has saved us from a further decrease in the finished p.oods. France and Belgium and Saxony have taken fewer bales of goods and cases of hardware, and they have also taken fewer tons of twist and carves of machinery. They have been worse customers in one sense, but in another settee they have made some amend ment by throwing themselves entirely upon our means of supply. We shall be mistaken if the further returns of the year do not contain additional traces of this novel state of things. We must not gift these returns without pointing out the dire effect of the war in Schleswig and Italy, upon the navigation of those countries. The followi..g are the entries inwards of vessels of the respective flags of 1847. 1848. prna.la, Ships Oerman Stan., do. 879 ISO Italian States, do. PARIS, WEDNESDAY, 11 A.K. The Presse, under the head of latest intelligence, states that M. Gustave de Beaumont is to be sent to London in the capacity of minister plenipotentiary. The motives of this departure are described as fol lowe: M. de Tanlay was, it appears, met list Satur day in one of the streets of London con-ersing with M. Guizot ; to this meeting is ascribed the immediate superw_iding of M. de Tanlay by M. de Beaumont. Three couriers started late on Tuesday night for Vienna, Turin, and London. A fourth was sent to Constantinople, with instructions to General Aupick to demand his passports and return in twenty-four hours if the Ottoman Porte and he still refuse to recognise the French republic. Tee negotiations, which I mentioned yesterday as having been opened between the parties in the Assembly for the suppression of the documents and evidence taken by the committee on the insurrection, and which forms con t in ued of the report alieady published, were yesterday, and in consequence of them, meetings were held last night by the different parliamentary clubs. The result has been a failure. No terms of compromise could reconcile the moderate party to an outrage on public justice so monstrous as that which such a proposal would involve. At the meeting held last night by the moderate party in the Rue des Poictiers, it was resolved unanimously, that the printing of the documents should be supported without regard to consequences. The grounds declared for this resolution were—let. That the documents and evidence constituted in part the substance of the report, and formed the justification and the only justification of the committee against the charges of partiality, injustice, and falsehood already against them, and-2. That the demanded by one the parties fifteen members, there are four who lean tl the opi nion favourable to suppressing the evidence, and it is understood that the Bishop of Orleans has undertaken to move an " Ordre du jour motive," which snail do justice to the conduct of the committee in the dis charge of its duty, and order that the do cuments and evidence taken before the committee shall be banded over to the Minister of Justice without being printed, he to act upon them as the case may require. 11 of the 15 members of the Com mittee are, however, opposed to this course, and insist upon the printing of the documents. It is stated that before producing the report the Committee took the precaution of reading over a second time to the several witnesses all the charges contained in the evidence of an inculpatory character. This proceeding was taken in the presence of the judges d'iostruction. These depositions, there fore, have been twice sworn to. It is believed that the result of the matter will be that the documents and ev.dence must be printed and circulated. A courier from London arrived in Paris yesterday, with the assent of the English government to the basis of the mediation in Italy. The Messager says :—" There is at this moment among a ctrtain minority an active effort to place M. de Lamartine in the President's chair of the National Assembly." MADLIN Aco. 4.—lbree per Cants, 19y earn; after Rohs, 19 Irif nab. Flee per Cents., II paper; after Bohn, 101 cn.h. Pun:es. 4 paper. DIRCOIII2I 01 cotes, 7 7f per cent. kl:ch►nge on London, 1,0 oafs, 45 paper. ITALY.—The Patric; says: "According to a letter received to-day by one of the representa tives, the divibion of Savoy, composed of two regi ments, forming an effective force of 6,000, have been cut to pieces, after a most obstinate battle. Only 8 officers arc said to have escaped with their lives." The following appears in the Patric of Florf nee of 2nd inst., under date of Leghorn the Ist. A steam boat arrived from Naples, announces that the English fleet presented itself before that city, desiring that the Neapolitan fortress should first salute its flag, and giving two hours to the Neapolitan Go vernment to decide. The same time was given to the King to Mew the Sicilian pris.ners taken by the Neapolitan ship under British co lours. The fleet had claimed 450,000 ducats as an indemnity for the damages of British subjects at Naples on the 13th. TURKEY.—GREECE. —By the Levant mail we have received the journals and correspondence of Constantinople to the 25th, and of Athens to the 28th ult. The cholera was diminishing at Constantinople, the number of cases becoming every day fewer and less virulent. At Athens the bank had become reconciled with the governmpnt, and agreed to assist it and be as sisted by it. It was to be freed from the obligation of paying its notes until the 16th April, 1849. The amount of notes in circulation was from a million and a half to two millions. A loan of 500,000 drachms, at 3 per cent., was accorded to the government upon the deposit of 500 shares belonging to the government, the loan to be reimbursed the 16th of April next, failing which, the shares are to become the property of the bank in exchange fur the forfeited loan. Sir Edmund Lyons bad buffered a severe accident on the 21st by a fall from his horse, but was recovering at the date of these advice,. Our Malta correspondent, under date Aug. 2, writes that at Cairo the number of cases of cholera were 140 daily, with about 40 deaths. In Yassy upwards of 200 were dying daily. GERMANY. PRUSSIA.—We have dates from Berlin of the 7th August. Whilst the Frankfort constituent assembly is still for war with l)enmark, the Prussian govern ment, who are more indisposed than ever to take their cue from that body, are still indulging in the hopes that the renewal of hostilities after all will not be ne cessary, and are still quietly carrying on negotiations in order to realise those hopes. That part of the recently published Russian note in which reference is made to the Schleswig-Holstein question has not escaped the attention of the Berlin cabinet, which, moreover, does not appear to attach much importance or value to a French alliance, as many members of the constituent assembly in Frankfort do. The majority of the compositors at Berlin still retain to return to their work. They appear to have plenty 1 of funds. The cotton printers have also resolved to strike, in consequence of their employers having re- I used to give work at half wages to the unoccupied portion of the trade. The workmen demand also the diminution of machine work, and the consequent in crease of hand work. It is officially stated that the plenipotentiaries of the Central Rhine Navigation Commission have re solved not to allow any steam-vessels to navigate that river, except such as plied on it before the Ist of August last, and such as ate now being constructed according to agreement. Accordingly, no new licenses for the navigation of the Rhine will be issued for the present. Considerable discontent prevails amongst the pro vincial mercantile classes in consequence of the indis position of the ministry to encourage the establish ment of private banks. This discontent is increased by the inability of the Royal Prussian Bank to afford accommodation. It is notorious that that bank, it called upon to meet all outstanding claims upon it, including the refunding of its capital to its share holders, would show a considerable deficit. On several occasions it has been obliged—instead of giving as sistance to the state—to demand and obta , n assist ance from the national treasury, having, during the I last two years, received not less than five millions of dialers from the Stantssehafz. The 7th instant being the day originally appointed by the central minister of war for " manifesting" homage to the Vicar of the empire, all the democratic clubs and unions went in procession to the Kreuzberg, where tremendous cheers were given for German Unity, the Vicar of the empire, &e. The following is the official account of the financial sheet of the bank of Prussia, for the month of July : ACTIVS. Thaler& Stamped coin and luau 11,460,000 Tremury notes and loan notes 111100 of exchange 11,071,500 Lombard hilt. 13,853,200 State bonds, various claims nod setlee 13,106,900 ?YEW Bank notes in circulation Depotita of capital 19,905,500 Loan of the state, In Tmasua7 tweils, after de ducting 4,ooo,ooothalers 1,110,000 Chums of the Treasury, pulite stsbilstuaents, and private pentane. fte. 4,8515,200 According to the Zenon's-Halle of the 6th, four cases of cholera have terminated fatally in the hospi tal of La Charite in Berlin. The epidemy is spread ing in Gallicia. AUSTRIA.—From Vienna oar dates are of the 4th of August. The Bann of Croatia was not able to come to any definite arrangement with ministers on the Croatio-Hungarian question previous to his deportee; for Agram. Both parties, however, that is to say the Hungarians and the Croatians, have appointed plenipotentiaries to carry on the negotiations. One of the chief demands of the Bann is that the Hun garian ministers of war, of the interior and of foreign affairs, shall he unconnected with the Vienna cabinets. Considerable excitement, and a sort of uncertain dread of a coup-de-main with part of the imperial partisans, still prevail in this capitaL Nothing .is known as yet respecting the Emperor's determination with regard to his coming to Vienna. As for the rumours of abdication, Ike., they deserve mention merely as rumours. The Diet has decided that the committees to be appoiated for drawing up the pro ject of the constitution shall be composed of three members from each of the ten governments of the em pire, se that Gallicia with its five millions and a half of inhabitants, and Bohemia with its three, will not have more weight in the committees than the smallest province. This decision will materially tend to strengthen the German "element The German Minister of War, Von Schmerling, has again sent in a protest to the Sardinian Ambassa dor - the annoyance of the Sardinian fleet electoral law—one totally in opposition to the spirit of the times. GERA.—According to the Cologne Gazette of the ' Sth inst. 2,000 Prussian troops bad entered the town of Gera, where tranquillity had not, up to the latest accounts, been restored. BRUNSWICK, AUG. 6.—This day the troops solemnly acknowledged the Vicar of the Empire, giving him three cheers. HOLLAND.—THE HAGUE, AUG. 6.—M. Donker Conine has decided to retain his portfolio of J ustioe and his office of President of the Cabinet. trio court. 0511010 r, WEDNESDAY.—Prinee Albert, attended by Lieut.-Colonel Wylde, went et nine o'clock this morning to Appuldercome, the seat of the Earl of Yarborough, to view the funning stock. The Duchess of Kent visited the Queen Dowager yesterday. The Duchess of Cambridge, accompanied by the Princess Mary, proceeded from her residence at Kew yester day morning to the terminus at Waterloo-bridge, and took her departure by the London and South Western Railway for Cowes, Isle of Wight. Prince Edward of Same Weimar visited the Duchess of K. nt yesterdey at her residence, Clarence house, St. James's. The Duchess of Kent dined with the Queen Dowager yesterday evening, at Ma.lborough-house. Prince Castticicala, the Neapolitan minister, had an interview with Viscount PalsnenCon on Tuesday. His excellency had another interview with his lordship yes tetday. Lady Cowley and family left London, yesterday morning, by the General Steam Navigation Company's steam-ship Triton, for Ostend. LORD HARDINGE AND TUE IRI9II COMMAND.— The projected rebellion has been eo promptly crushed, that it is very probab'e his lordship will return to England in the course of next month. DUBLIN ELECTION COMMITTEE, YESTERDAY.—The committee decided that the ripe water was not a municipal rate. This decision will have a very tavourable influence on the inttirests of the sitting member. ELECTION OF SHERlFFB.—Yesterday, the livery assembled in the Guil.hall, when the Reorder pre'ented to them Thomas Quested Finnis, Eaq., Alderman and Bowyer, and Jacob Emanuel Goodhart, E.q , citizen and grocer, the new sheriffs.—After the Common-hall was dissolved, a Court of Aldermen was held, at which the result of the shrievalty election was declared. The City Solicitor gave in the following certific de i—tt I have to certify that, in pursuance of the direction of this court, I made application to J. R. Mills, Esq , far the payment of 6001., the amount et the fine imposed by the by-law of the court, for omitting to give bond to take upon himself the office of sheriff, and, in consequence of such application, I yesterday received the amount, which I shall pay into the hands of the Chamber. lain to the account of the City's cash."—The court, after granting several freedoms, adjourned. THE EXPLOSION IN ALBANY-STREET.—The scene of the explosion and loss of life was throughout the whole of yesterday visited by thousands of IotTSOOI, including a num ber of the aristocracy. During the morning the rains of the house, No. 60, Albany street, where the explosion took place, was visited by a number of scientific gentlemen, and a minute investigation was instituted, in order to ascertain how such vast destruction could have been caused from an explosion of gas. On examining the metre which was placed under Mr. Loteu's shop front, the cause of the explosion was at once manifest. Its structure was found to be so fragile, that the slightest kick would cause an indentation, the metal of which it was 'nide scarcely being thicker than a sheet of ordinary cartridge-paper. At the back there was found an opening of at least two inches, caused by the separation of the soldering of the upper portion and that of the side. From this opening the gas, doubtless, escaped. Mr. Loten, the occupier of the house, declares that about a month ago he sent to the office of the London Gas Company, to complain that there was an escape of gas; the superintendent called, and he subsequently sent a man who examined the place and did something to one of the pipes, hut on Saturday evening the emell of the gas was as strong as ever. It is remarkable that a serious loss of life has not resulted limn this sad calamity, for from inquiries it appears that a gentleman named Smith, residing in the Albert-road, was in his carriage, together with his lady and other members of his family, proceeding homeward down Albany-street. They had arrived within about 10 yarilsof the house, No. 60, when the explosion took place. The coach man was knocked backward on to the roof of the carriage, but managed to retain the reins in his hands. A man with a cart was also, together with his vehicle, overturned in the vicinity, and one of the Waterloo omnibueses, filled with passengers, was also within forty or fifty yards of the house at the moment of the explosion. On inquiry at the Univer sity College Hospital last evening, it was found, we are happy to state, that Capt. Loten and Miss Boyd are going on as favourably as could well be expected, considering the severity of their injuries, but the poor boy James Stanlake, who was wounded in the head, is stated to be in a very pre carious condition. The inquest on the body of Mary Bentley will be held to-day. BATHS ♦ND WASH-110116ES FOR THE LABOURING CLIO-M.—Yesterday a meeting of the subscribers and sup porters of the above institution, founded for the benefit of the labouring classes in the north-west districts of the me tropolis, was held in the committee-room of the institution, George-street, Euston-square, T. Harris, E.g., in the chair. The report congratulated the subscribers on the results which had attended the operations of the society, since its formation in Aug., 1846. During the last month. ending the 6th inst. the number of bathers had been 16,143 ; and 16,196, poor women have washed, dryi d, ironed, and mangled the clothes of themselves and families —representing on an ge near 300,000 cases annually, deriving the benefit of the institution, the total number who have participated in its benefits since its foundation, up to the 2nd instant, being 227,717 bathers; and washers, &c., 79,786. The present building being totally inadequate for its purposes, hundreds are daily turned away for want of accommodation. The institution itself has been self-supporting since its establishment. The subscrip tion towards its extension ranks amongst its members her Majesty and Prince Albert, the Archbishop of Canterbury, and a number of highly distineuished individuals. A BALLOON RACE.—Lieut. Gale, R.N., and Mr. °naval, who with their companions in the Royal Cremorne and Royal Albert balloons ascended from Cremorne.gardens on Monday, effected a safe descent within a short distance of each other—the former in Wanstead-park, the seat tattle Earl of Morninaton, and the latter at Abury Hatch, near Romford, and about 16 miles from town. The lieutenant descended within a few yards of the spot where he b' came entangled in the trees of the park en the occasion of his last aocturnal ascent from Cremorne. The start took place from the gardens at about hall-past seven o'clock. Tne balloons took a north-easterly direction. Mr. Gypson at first at tained the greatest altitude (about • mile and a half), but the lieutenant subsequently soared higher. Over the Strand, St. Paul's, and Cheapade the balloons were stationary for some time, and it was only on descending into an under current that they bore away into the suburban districts. They descended at the place above mentioned at about half past eight o'clock. Mr. Gypson arrived in town at half past one o'clock on the following morning. The lieutenant describes his trip in glowing terms and ■s one of the finest he has ever made. At one period the balloon was in cne current of air and the car in another. The lieutenant returned to town at about half-past twelve. INQUEST, YESTERDAY.— A WOMAN KILLED DT arta HIIIIIAND.—Beiore Mr. Baker, at the Old George, Old-street, St. Luke's, touching the death of Amelia Mer rick, aged 45, whose husband was accused of having mur dered her.—Mr. M. Park, surgeon, of 100, Old-street, and Mr. Courtney gave evidence to prove that the deceased died through the rupture of blood-vessels in the head, which might have been caused by such violence as that described to have been inflicted on deceased.—The jury, after a short consultation. returned a verdict of " Manslaughter against William Merrick." IRELAND. A portion of the following appeared in a second edition of last evening's Express. DUBLIN, AVOVIST 8. If Young and Confederate Ireland were desirous of experiencing how utterly it has lost interest and prestige in this country, how prostrate is its whole organisation, and, in fine, how broken, bankrupt it has become, this day would have proved it to the convic- I tion of the most obtuse. There was no parading of crowds,no marching or congregation of clubs., no knots of noisy confederates, not even groups of gobe mooches, drinking in all manner of absurdities at street-corners. All was quiet, and not even the ordinary amount of spectators appeared, either in the court or its precincts. The police were manifestly not prepared for this, but were present in large numbers at an early hour. Their orders were to offer no obstruction to the access of the public to the court, but not to permit such num bers to accumulate in the precincts and pas sages as should obstruct the thoroughfare. They might have saved themselves the trouble those arrangements imposed, as not even the " stal wart" clubmen attempted to evince their sympathy. The general public have established, by their sensible stay-at-home determination to-day, that the time of gentleman with a melancholy expression. The indict ment, which contains fourteen counts, wan read by the Clerk of the Crown, and Mr. Daffy was called upon to plead, on which Sir Colman O'Lodhlen inter posed, and, having remarked that in Mr. Mitchel 's case it had been decided that a party accused of felony was not entitled to a copy co , the indictment, asked, that the crown would grant a copy as a favour, and so save time, as otherwise they must have it read so slowly as to enable them to take down its words. The learned judges seemed to desire they might be saved from the wearisomeness of the reading, but the crown would not give way. Baron Pennefather desired the suggestion might be considered, when the proceedings in court ended for this day. THE SPECIAL COMMISSION.—THE CHARGE. The commission, which, from the number and gravity of the political offences to be investigated, was looked forward to with much interest. opened to-day, before the Right Hon. the Lord Mayer: the Right Hon. 1 ). R. Pigott, Chief Baron ; and the Hon. Boron Peonefather. Their lordships entered the court at a few minutes after 11 o'clock, when proclama• ion for the att . n danee of the g rand jurors was made, and the commission opened. The grand juries having been sworn, the Chief Baren addressed them in a very luminous charge. At the conclusion of the charge, some unimportant cases having been proceeded with, the city grand jury came into court, and handicg down a roll of parchment of large dimen sions, Foreman : We find a true bill wand ChttlesGavan Duffy for felony. Baron Pennefather ; Let Mr. Duffy be sent for. Mr. Daffy soon made his appearance, and on entering th• dock, Mr. Janhet Alley, Clerk of the Crown, proceeded to read the indictment in abstract. Having concluded. Mr. Duffy was called on to plead. Sir Colman O'Loghlen, one of lois counsel, applied to haws the indictment read out slowly, in coder that • copy of it might be t•aen, unless the crown would grant a copy of the do;ument. Counsel for the crown would not permit the copy to be given, and it was ultimately decided th..t the matter ahLuld be postponed till the next morning, to give the Attorney- General an opportunity of considering whither the applies lion for the copy of the indictment should he grunted. It is said the crown will press on Mr. Duffy's trial to mor row ; but it will hardly take place it the indictment be r 011 three times, as Mr. Duffy'a counsel threaten. Probably it will be fixed for Thursday. THE STATE OF THE SOUTH. We have received via Bristol, by the feat-sailing packet, Sabrina, Capt. Parker, from Cork, advices from that city, to 12 o'clock Tuesday, and by the Rose, Capt. Burgess, as counts from Waterford to the same date. At Waterford all was quiet. The re had been a little ex citement consequent on some arrefes, but it had entirely sub sided, none having taken part in it but women and boys. it was reported that Doheny was in the nacuntain at the h ad of a large force, but after what was from time to time re ported of Smith O'Brien's doings all such statements must be received with extreme caution. A letter from Cork, d.ted Monday night, says : " All is quiet here, but it is thought that there will be some guer'lls movements in Tipperary and Waterford similar to the attack at Abbeyteale, of which 1 enclose an ace aunt. The news inm Tipperary is looked for with anxiety ; Bianceni's car has just arrived without passengers, and the mob at the office supposed that the car had been attacked, and some Inv shouted. The passt-ngere got off outside the city, by the re quest of the police, is, order to avoid the excitement which is nightly kept up on the arrival of the car from the disaffected districts. In Tipperary there is the greatest mystery ob served by the peasantry ; and even amongst the middle &asses it is very difficult to get information about any occurrence. To-night's report is, that all was quiet on the reed. Rear-Admiral Sir Chas. Napier, commander of the channel Stet, had struck his flag on board the St. Vinci nt, 120 gun s and hoisted it on hoard her Majesty's ship Stromboli, in which he had sailed for the Shannon. Her Mai( sty's screw propelled sloop Rifleman was taken into the Victoria Dock us a leaky state. She is said to be a new vessel. The Cork Constitution of Tuesday sajs " There is m better barometer of confederate feeling than the savings' banks. Last week large sums were drawn out here, and notices for larger given. Yesterday, numbers of the notices were withdrawn, and many of the drafts redeposited, same of the owners remarking, ' We'll have no war now.' The arrest of O'Brien has had a very sedative effect." It was reported at the post-office on Tuesday morning that the bags and letters stolen from the up and down trail coach's had been found on Sunday morning, outside the Abbyfeale post-office. The bags and letters had all been opened. The arms were not restored. ABBETPEALE, AVOUST, 5. You will be anxious to bear from us ; mutters are becom ing more serious. A small police ',Arty came into tows last night, only sufficient to hold the house (that to which the Cookes lived), not enough to send out patrols. Two parties came to our house to-day to search for arms. The leader of the first party went ell through the house; the other took our word, hearing that it had been searched before. We are in a very defenceless' position, and we hear that the bridge is to be dentoli.hod and all the bridges on the leading roads. CONFEDERATE DEPARTOY.EB.—On Saturday, the Bache M'Evers sailed with emigrants from Cove for America. Amongst the passengers on board wire the active president of the " Arthur O'Connor Club," and the vice-president of the "John Mitchel ditto !" Both rather respectable young men, hut, unfortunately for them, ardent supporters of Young Ireland doctrines. The president, who has thus suddenly left his friends in Cork, was bail ter one of the parties arraigned lut Wednesday, in the County Court, for attending a meeting and uttering sedition at Cro.sbarry. In addition to the above, other presidents and vice presidents have also deemed it necessary to leave Cork for the present. a change of air being requisite after the late excitement in this country. Three of them, all club presidents, preen eded by the Jn vertu steam-ship to Bristol on Friday morning. An in!. mense crowd of people assembled yesterdi.y evening at Mr. Newsom's shop, awaiting the latest news by Blanc mi'r car, when the announcement that "all was quiet" on the routs, and the confirmation of Smith O'Brien's capture, seemed to act as a wonderful sedative on the excited and tumultuous mese. Two children were severely tr4mpled on in the pressure. PROVINCIAL. LANCASIII RE. OPENING OF ST. JOHN'S CATHOLIC SALFORD.—The new church built by the Roman cat Wigs in Salford, at an immense cost, was opened yesterday, whoa the Right Rev. Bishop Brown, vicar apostolic of the Lanca shire district, celebrated pontifical high mass, waisted Ii Bishop Briggs, vicar spoetolic of the York district ; Dr. Wareing, vicar aspotolic of the eastern district ; Dr. tf ice man, Bishop of London ; Dr. Brown, vicar apostolic of Wale. ; Dr. Morris, and other dignitaries, torethir with 200 of the catholic clergy. After the ceremony a lunch was given at the town hall, Salford, Daniel 1.• e, Erg., presidia& and including in the company Lord Arundel and Surrey, Sir Thomas and Lady Dc Traff ..rd, Hon. Charles Langdale, Lady Frederick Stapleton, and Sir Wm. Lawson. MI proceedings were not over when our report left. ATROCIOUS CONDUCT OF AN ENGINE DRIVEIL- On the East Litecashire Railway works, affunnt I End, near Burnley, on Friday, the driver and stoker of the " Medusa" locomotive were drinking, and had left the engine in charge of the cleaner, whose name is Rhodes. Whin be was about to take the fire out of the grate, some persons in authority came down to the engine, and, wishing to go to the " tip end" at Rose Grove, were taken thither by Rhodes. Shortly after Rhodes had lett, the driver, named S. Whittle, came down to the works, and finding the engine gone without him, he was very much vexed, and determii.eil to 'dace some obstacles on the rails to obstruct the engine on its return. He accordingly got three "tail boards," belonging to the dirt waggons, and placed them across the rail., and i.stened them by driving " iron picks" behind the boards into the sleepers. He then got four iron furnace bars, and ids cod them aerate the rails, and afterwards more "picks" to the numbr r of eight were struck into the sleepers, with the shafts upwards! By this time the engine wan returning. Tie cleaner, Rhodes, eat in front et the coal-139x; the Rev. T. G. James, his brotber, Mr. Jam, o, of Liverpool ; Mr. Donaldson, the engineer of the line, and another gentleman, bring in Oa truck of the engine. Some person having noticed the ob structions mate a signal for Rhode. to abut elf the steam, and apply the brake. but before he could do so the wheels came in contact with the " tail boards," and Rondo was thrown cff upon the line. The engine, too, was at first thrown off the rail, but by . some means, after having mu a considerable distance, again came upon it All the gees.. tlemea in the truck fortunately kept their hold, and escaped unhurt ; but Rhodes was " doubled up " by the' engine, and on being examined was found to have his right arm almost taken off, and both thighs broken. Mr Smirthwaite, cur peon of Burnley, wassent for, and amptitatei the arm above the elbow. The fractured thighs were also reduced, and there are hopes that Rhodes may eventually recover. Whittle was immediately taken into custody, and atter • hearing before the magistrates on Saturday he was com mitted for trial. WORCESTERSHIRE. Tae Doc CART NUISANCE.—The new Worot'ater Turnpike Trusts Act, with a view to the checking of this dangerous nuisance, contains a clause impobing a toll of two pence on every dog used in drawing a carriage of any kind, accompanied with other enac.ments of so stringent a r.ature for punishing attempts at evasion of the toll, and cu!orcing caregil driving of the dogs, that it is C :petted the nuisance will speedily disappear from the roads of tho Worctster trusts. DISTURBANCES BETA;RN ENGLISTI AND IRDili LABOUILEII9.—For upwards of a week the generally tear able town of Doncaster bas been the scene of a series of riots and disturbances mused by some misunderstanding between the men who are working on the Great Northern and South Yorkshire Railways on the one band, and on the other the ' Irish reapers who have been flocking into the town ea routs to the neighbouring villages in sea'ch of employment. The first disturbance took place last Wednesday, and since then not a day or night has passed without a repetition of the frty. The plan pursued by the " navvies, " who are almost in every ease the aggressors, is to mumble in considerable numbers at the different entrances to the town, and to insult and beat every Irish labourer that makes his appearance. The result of these attacks has been a considers able number of black eyes and broken beads, and, in INTIM inetances, the lives of the unfortunate men have been put in jeopardy. The Irish being a very feeble race, end being besides evertowered by nimbus, have lurk await MI