The Express. — London, England, 1851-10-23 00:00:00

Eizt. OraneAO. To CORP.ESPONDENTS. • 5ee... , ! .f" 1 he Eames," eastalaine •bt erne► evenin tae " beert . ."," le p.thiLeSed e•eel TuladaT Ma") *ter, fa fee pot. Melt to• mode inanabd fer Itterena"Lowtra Ernie, reper, Ma be et tbe tu, touverwestredt, Toro a'tt.ck Co the day al pt,bleatert. 111011 WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE . 120.22.*. After 120. Vie. la. 24$ N. --Alumina. 11. 41s. LONDO.V, TiIt7ISDAY, OCTOBER 23. IT has been very difficult fur rational and liberal foreigners. who naturally look to England for example and for a leading, to ascertain what were the feeling , thepeople of this country with regard to the gnat events of the last three years. Our government has remained for the most part pruden tially silent. Parliament has declined taking inte rest in the subject. And public men, alarmed by the anti-social doctrines of certain continental liberals, have w ithh, Id at host their public sympa thies, even from those whose efforts were exclu aively constitutional, and amongst whom the very idea of communism ur rank democracy were unknown. It' foreigners turned to the press, they saw there still more churlish and ungenerous conduct. The organ of the largest circulation, which evi dently durst not affront public °pluton on al t lanestic question, took part indiscriminately with all the despots against all the liberals, and was as! vehement in denouncing Itelsowitz and Gentlest as I.sitnt -Itto.t.te or l'itorostos. The coming of Rowse - In, however—and, indeed, the very stund of Isis corning -has called forth the opinion and enthu bia-Mll of that gnat middle class of England of which, up to this moment, foreigners might have doubted the very existence.. Th. n are a great mane - things that foreigners are slow to understand. But the verdict of /lAR- eLee's, favour men uflon 11.11iN c was perfectly in telligent. That spoke the opinion of the English working class. And now that they see the great muni cipal bodies of the kingdom, the assembled citizens of London and Westminster, of Birmingham, Nam pester, Leeds, and Liverpool, all come forth to propose and present addresses to the exile IletessrTit, foreigners will feel convinced that the middle class of Englishmen sympathise with the woiling classes in honour of stniggkel for liberty and the victims. to them, such us we have been taught to revere in our own history. Nor is Brit sh liberalism coutined to these classes: a fair portion of even the aristocracy and aristocr a tic par ties are disguskel a ith the military reaction which prevails% and though all do not speak so loud, or in dulge in personal exposure of misdeeds, as Mr Guatssitsi: has the courage to do, the foreigner may be convinced that there is actually no chess in thus country, high or low, so base or au hiberul, as the press% whith affects to represent, and which does, in truth, misrepresent all. Then: is another characteristic of this retrograde and un-English press, which marks its, tendencies, and which shows that its adoption of Austrian and ltussian principles of policy abroad is not without influence upon its domestic principle and upon its mode of e wwing and of seeking to change our OWII instiostions. These reactionary journals litre shown the nowlveselerisled enemies to municipal freedom. If there be a eorporation like that of London, in width power and influenee have etteupel the' great tory magnates, simply because these are too grand to pay attentitat to city affairs, too aristocratic to canvass the vots^, of shopkeepers, then the scheme in to swamp the old corporate liberties by the crea tion of a kneel of munwilsd Rowse of Lords. Of this /nom ht .1n other of those amphibious journals which keels aids rat and a tory flue under the same hood, the .111 ,, rnirw l'hp•Hiele, denounces the citizens of Vest minster 11% the first of fanatics and fools :—" Nu con retitueney in the kingdom lout pronounced iso many foolish jtiel,mesits upon Hiltons Will pt. 1410011, of which, or of w I ,it was peUrollillity ignorant." Such is the opinion of the .1/oronto Chronic!, of the eiti rens by whom it is surrounded. Whilst its sister journal burkes the great meeting of the West 11l i t aster citizens and their member alto gether, the doings and opinions of plaits, honest citizens are quite too vulgar to be worthy of its attention, or even ds Meter its contempt. Let any one turn to the report cif this meeting, and they will tied a most eteliti, lucid, rational, his torical, mode rattly lilwral account of the Hun garian resolution. from the mouth of Sir DE LM'y EV.vss. That speech, full as it is of the spirit of constitutional liberty, might have been spokcii in the Blouse of Lords, se marked is it with eleseornin, and pause', aid fairness. It is im posaible to lane a more calm or convincing refutation of the ealumnits uttered against the Hungarian cause. Sir 115: LACY Ev evs and Lord lient.s.v Kn . en r'. speeches were not atddremed to the passions, but to the' reason and conviction of the men of West minster. The smothering of such speeches in silence and contempt by the anti-Kosaufft organs, merely shoo,. that they are compelled to shrink from the fair field of argument, and to protect their flight by calumnious abuse of liossrrn, of the Hungarian patriots, and of English citizens and corporations. However, the ntind of Englishmen is stirred, which is so seldom the came by a foreign cause, and on a foreign subject. And as far as the opinion of all class.. here and in America goes. they are, or shall be loudly enough expressed for the world to hear them. I low veer the court circle around N1(11101 e , , the guards around Ftlentx %No, may be close and serried, however rigid the is'lgime of the Austrian police.. high and low, the monarch and the serf, the S!ave, the German, the Italian, and the Magyar, will be struck with the light of that great myna illumination which welcomes Kos:turn to our short*, and &glares the generous and genuine senti ments uf the British people. A counvsPoNnENcr. between Dr. NzwaaN and the Bishop of Nonwten, on legendary, or. as the former prefers to call them, ecclesiastical miracles, has been published. On Dr. NEWMAN'ti part it ie distinguished by much of the logomaehy and casuis try of those old Spanish fathers—Pascal. s friends— wino wrote so much and so perniciously . that it is charitable to suppose they never stopped to revise what they caused to be printed; and on the Bishop's part by an affectionate remembrance of old friend ships and happier times, by a spirit which would not willingly, even in the cause of truth. give offence to a present adversary, and by un easy. plain, and simple common sense, which, gently disregarding verbal - distinctions. points out the practical result of the fallacy and delusion, that too much learning and too litre judgment have enshrined in the tine mind of Jons lILNaY NEW MAN, at once the most subtle, yet the most perilous of Runtish controversialists; a scholastic gladiator, who has advanced the theory of development on behalf of a church which claims immutability as its chiefest characteristics. There legendary tales Dr. Nerru.tx, wo have said. ealbi ecekshistical mimics. The reason why he does involves the whole controversy that now again disturbs English society. If there were, in th e gracious dispensation reveal e d fur human salvation, such a means and agency established for the preser %ll6oll and inculcation of divine truth, as a visible church possessed of a supernaturally constituted priesthood, then it would not be irrational and pre sumptuous to hope and expect that miraculous manifestations attesting its origin, avouching its mission, and sanctioning its teaching. may have been vouchsafed to it ; and that awful premiss granted, such manifestations might be properly called ecclesiastical, as distinguished from scriptural miracles. It is therefore to propagate this theory of a visible church, to accustom our minds to it as a matter indisputable, and to associate it with our most sacred thoughts and highest aspirations, that Dr. NEw MAN, with whom words are so powerful, prefers the term ecclesiastical miracles. They. on the other hand, who deny the exist ence of any visible church here on earth— who can fiva uo warrant for a sacerdotal priest hood, and who regard human churches as social organisations or corporations formed merely on their own responsibility, for religious and spiritual pur poses, and who look on their ministers as fellow-men chosen by themselves, fur the purposes of public wor ship and private edification, without having any supernatural powers, or any particular authority—to rational, sober, logical, yet earnest and pious persons thus thinking, the claims of miraculous manifesta tions to favour of any church, as a visible church possessing a monopoly of Christianity and of salvation, appear unreasonable because un necessary and presumptuous ; and they deem such pretensions to be mere legends, the belief in which is inconsistent alike with the course of natural events, with any scriptural authority, and with any useful purpose. Tney are statements against the truth of which the reasoning of Ilcits's essay on miracles applies irresistibly. Let us hear what the subtlety of Father Newsts:t has to say in their defence? Ile had, it seems, in the course of the lectures he delivered some eighteen months ago to a queer admixture of female fashion land Irish filth, assembled in rooms once devoted to lewd revels, but now the abode of the Fathers of the Oratory, avowed his belief in the stories of the liquifac tionof Sr. JANUARIUS blond, in the motion of the eyes of the picture of the Madonna , in so-called saints having raised the dead, crossed seas without vessels, multiplied grain, cared incurable diseases, and stop ping the operation of the laws of the universe, " a multitude of ways," too tedious, we suppose, to mention : and having avowed this credulity . in the incredible, he proceeded to place his belief in them on a level with the, universal acceptation which all Christians give to the holiest of revealed mysteries; thus practically elevating his own credulity to the standard of inspiration. With this strong and blasphemous statement the Bishop of Noawlett expressed surprise and disgust at a public meeting. Whereupon Dr. NssvM.is called on the Bishop for an explanation, which, in the kindest terms, he gave his old college friend by referring him to passages in his lectures and other writings. On these the Father's own explanation is curious. We have first a nice distinction between miracles which arc proveablc and those which are " ante cedently probable" or likely; the result of which is, that ecclesiastical miracles are not in Dr. NovstV.i'S opinion supportable by the same evidence as scrip tural evidence, but that they are on the same level o antecedent probability, or quite as likely to have been performed. "Nay more so," we use his own words," because they come after Scripture,and Scrip ture breaks the ice; and "there is less surprise in a second miracle than a first." Now, if this mean anything but words, its meaning is that the legends of the church of Wane arc supe rior in character, and in evidence, too, to the miracles of Scripture; in other words, that the tales of men's tradition, if nut of men's invention, are of equal if not greater authority than the Word of Gud, even when those talcs are intended to assist in altering, varying, or enlarging Gou's Word. Should, then, Dr. Nsw st %X ever conquer his credulity as to these legends, in discrediting what he now deems the greater, he would naturally repudiate what he deems the lesser: and so lose one great hold which he has on Christianity. And that is the logical tendency of all Dr. Nsurmss's writings; his subtlety and his enthu siasm curry him into such extremes that the line of demarcation between his present belief in everything said a future belief in nothing is the thinnest in the world: lie stand, on a precipice where it is painful to observe him, for he has fled so fur from reason that before him lies chaos. . ...... But,having laid down the proposition that ecclesias tical Miril7.llli re " more cred i de" as coming after Scrip ture miracles than Scriptures,he adds that a belief in the more credible is an act of private judgment ; that is, the church of Rome, though deeming the moving of the eyes of the picture of the Madonna " more credible" - in this SCIISC than the draught of fishes, leaves you to believe it or not, as may suit your con ' veniente. In this there is a tribute laid to common IMP.° at the expense of logic and consistency; perhaps. too, an attractive bait thrown out to persons trembling on the balance. Enter the church of Rome, and you may believe or nut la the liquefaction of St. .IA:it:ARIUS' blood—"just as you please," is the notice at the door. Only, says the Father, all catholics of course believe " that the miraculous gift has never left the church since the time of the apostles." But what is a true miracle in the church, is all uncertainty and doubt. Those arc miracles ; take your choice. That is Dr. NEWMAN'S doctrine; he, to make sure, swallows all for the present. This, we take it, is quite enough far the protestant people of England ; it is another serape into which Dr. NEwM.tN has shrugged the church of Home ; they quietly suppressed his " Theory of b-relopment" at Rome; they will as judiciously censure his "Theory of .11irortr.." But to Englund it is invaluable, as showing that the logi cal consequences of conversion to that church is the degradation of one of the most cultivated minds that ever eittered it into a belief in all the idle figments of crufty priests, and all silly tales invented to gain bwaver over old women and weaker men. We knew efore whither Puseyism led; we now know the final conclusion of popery. The church which for merly denied that this planet moves, now believes in the motion of the eyes of a canvas MADONNA ! What next? 1. THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 23, 1851. be considered as tho consequences of an accidental excite ment, or of a purely local effervescence. At every step made in this inquiry, the action of secret societies in the dapartmente of the cher sued of the Itterre become more sisterly revealed. Thaw* mooches, ethich extend into the ...t r y districts, which have a military organization, and =nu facture =munition ' furnish themselves with arms sad keep the members on the alert, sometimes by demonstmtiens and sometimes by outbreaks, while waiting for the day of eembat. This state of things appears to me to constitute the state of imminent peril, the existence of which, ac cording to the terms of the law of August 9, 1819, autho rises the putting into a state of siege of a part of the territory. I have, therefore, the honour to propose to you, Monsieur le President, to decide that the state of siege shall be applied to the departments of the Cher and of the Nicvrc. I hope that this measure, which is called for by circumstances, will not be of long duration. We have to efface the traces of revolt, and prevent a new recourse to arms. This result having been obtained, it will doubtless become po•sible for the government to re-establish the ordinary operation of the laws in the two departments, which are to be placed tem porarily under the regime provided for by Art. WO of the Constitution. Accept, Monsieur le President, the homage . . of my profound respect. The Minister of the Interior, LEON F ECHER. Before the cry of self-seeking and sacrificing the I public to his own interest be opened so loudly and generally against the President, it should be re membered that it is in his power at any moment to give the eompletest contradiction to such an imputa tion, by following the advice of M. de Lamartine. and withdrawing his candidature for 1852. The President's intentions have been often described as inscrutable; and if he has surprised the world by his declaration of the 14th of October, he may hale more surprises in reserve. It does, indeed, now seem that the best policy of Louis Napoleon would be to stick to the total abrogation of the law of May, and to renew once more his solemn engagement to respect the law, and withdraw his candidature if the revision be not voted. In that case, whoever were chosen President of the republic, Louis Napoleon would form naturally the nucleus of the republican oppo sition. The republic, strengthened by his adhesion, would triumph over the designs of the regentists and legitimists, and in all human probability, after four years of expiation as a private citizen and a representative in the Assembly, of those assaults upon liberty in which he was while in power a reluctant' but forced accomplice, the nephew of the Emperor would again be voted, upon the strength of his own personal merits, by acclamation, into the presidential chair. It is not quite fair as yet to pronounce a verdict upon the policy of Louis Napoleon, while the last chapter is wanting. The municipal council of Marseilles has adopted a resolution, expressing a desire for the speedy csta lishment of a line of electric telegraph between Paris and Marseilles. The Society of Encotiragement of National Manu factures has requested M. Dumas, its president, and M. I'ayen, member of the Committee of Chemical Arts, to proceed to the department du Nord, to study the disease which has broken out in beet-root. The Funds showed much firtnness at the Bourse of to-day. The Fives closed at !10.701, with a rise of 20e. The Threes rose 25c., and closed at 50. SPAIN. MADRID, O. 17. Bravo Murillo has defeated the attempts of the puritans to get into the cabinet. The Gazette publishes a decree for the establish ment of a practical school of artillery, to be estab lished on board a vessel of war in one of the sea ports. It appears that the Spanish government intends to demand of the Emperor of Monwco a reparation for the outrage committed by the Moors on the Spanish schooner loven Etnilia. We find the following in the Orden, a semi-official journal: On the 6th a notice, afterwards reproduced by the Times of the following day, was posted up at the London Ex change, declaring that the president of the Council of Mi nisters of Spain had signified to Senor Oliveira, the agent of the British holders of Spanish bond-, that he would consent "t to exchange 50 per cent. of the coupons that are not to be converted, for certificates available against the government after a period." When government was informed of this notice, it pointed out to its agents in London the inaccura cies it contained. It is true that Senor Oliveira came to this capital, announcing himself as the representative of the interests stated above, and that in virtue of the recommen dation of the Minister Plenipotentiary of Great Britain, lie, together with Chevalier Weisweiller, had au audience of the Minister of Finance. Having expressed a desire that the article of the law of August 1, which relates to the ac knowledgment of .10 per cent. of the nominal value of the contains might he modifies', the minister declared to hint that it was absolutely impossible to make the slightest alteration in the said law, and that the government had neither the power nor the will to make any. Senor Oliveira asked whether, in ease some deputisse were to make a mo tion respecting the conversion of the interest the govern ment would oppose it, or receive it with indifference, to which the minister answered that the goverrirueat would not show indifference, hut, on the contrary, would oppose such a motion at any time. Senor Oliveira then inquired whether, in case the committee were to take an active part in the exchange of documents, it could give a certificate of the value of each, so far as the coupons were concerned, in order that what was not paid might at any time be appa rent. To which the minister answered, that the committee was at liberty to issue as many certificates as it pleased, but without any participation, intervention, or compromise on the part of the Spanish goveniment, or the signature of a Spanish agent, since the government would never ac knowledge such certificates for any useful purpose at any time, whether present or to come. This is the truth of the ease, with nearly the same words used by the minister in the presence of Senors Oliveira and Weisweiller, and confirmed by him to the latter gentleman, who had done everything that possibly could be done is the matter. If any doubt had still lingered in the mind of Senor Oliveira on the subject, he might have asked before he communicated so erroneous a notice to his principals, and in so serious and important a matter he ought not to have risked any piece of intelligence that was not ex act and borne out by facts. The better to confirm what we have said, we may out, that but a few days after the declaration above alluded to was published at the Exchange and in the London papers, application was made to the royal commissioner of Spain at London to obtain his ap proval and signature to the certificates the committee was about to issue, and that the wig royal commissioner pe remptorily refused to accede to the demand, in compliance with the instructions he had received from his government. ITALY. LOMBAIM-VENETIAN STATES. The railroad from Mestre to Treviso was inaugu rated on the 14th. SARDINIA. We learn from the it/sur f /in/od , , of Twin that the small village of St. Martin-la-Porte, in Savov, was almost completely destroyed by tiro on the 13th, and that out of the twenty-four families which inhabited it seventeen have been reduced to beggary by this catastrophe. the liberal party. and a discovery has been recently made which will lead to the imprisonment of a great many of their members. A \ enctian advocate, an ex-deputy, who had been long hiding from the researches of the police, was kept alternately at the houses of his friends, and was just re cently enjoying the hospitality of Signor Bassi. The advoeate,perhaps with a view to some future memoirs, had an imprudent habit of keeping a journal, in which he noted down his wanderings, and mentioned the people who harboured him. On going out the other evening to take the air, he was stopped by some sbirri, who have new a trick a stopping and questioning almost every one they meet, on the chance of stumbling on some stray proscribed repub lican ; these worthies discovered by his accent that he was not a Roman, and oa searching him they found some memoranda which contained names, and looked suspicious. He was immediately imprisoned, and his host also, and several other persons subse quently underwent the same fate. It is curious that the shwri went to arrest two brothers of the name of Caseiani, whose father is a cameriere seureto, colonel of the palatine guard, and a man in favour with the court. The young men happened not to come in until two o'clock in the morning, when the slam*, tired of waiting, had gone away from the house, and before they returned their intended victims had escaped into country quarters. On inquiring at the police-office, their father was informed that there was no charge against them. But so it is, the lives and liberties of his Holiness's subjects arc made sub servient to the whim or capricious cruelty of a set of I degraded police satellites. This system may answer very well for the present with the unfortunate Romans, who,crushed by the overwhelming force of Austrian and French bayonets, have no choice but to obey. To see the same abuse of power applied to British subjects, however, is too bad, especially when they are unoffending indi viduals, and respect the laws of the country in which they have chosen to fix their temporary residence. The atrocious treatment of the Maltese, Lorenzo Balbi, to whose case I alluded six weeks ago, has afforded matter for a very energetic correspondence between the Papal government and that of her Bri tannic Majesty. Signor Balbi, a most respectable man, landed, as you may recollect, at Civita Vecchia on the sth of August, when he was immediately separated from the rest of the passengers, and con ducted to a little kind of out-house, called the Doga -11(.11a, stripped by the gendarmes actually to his shirt, and kept with his bare feet standing on the ground at the will and pleasure of the police officers, who not only treated him wi:h harshness and con tempt, but carried their personal researches even to indecency. His English passport, granted to him by General Ellice, governor of Malta, was taken from him, an unheard of proceeding towards an unoitaiding British subject, and he himself sent on to Rome with afrilio di ria,or police permit, such as is issued to soldiers on furlough or the lowest class of peasants when travelling from place to place. Oa this paper strict injunctions were written for him to present himself at the police etfiee at Rome imme diatelyafter his arrival, with threats of punishment in ease ohm-compliance. Si g nor Balbi's complaiuts to the Britishconsul,Mr.Freel;o rn , immediately produced a vuy strong remonstrance from that functionary to Cardinal Antonelli, who, after a silence of about three weeks, condescended to reply, stating that he had caused a most searching inquiry to be made into the facts of the case, and that it resulted that Signor asaertions were utterly false, and that he had merely been subjected to sonic measures of precaution on account of Iris being a suspected personage. To set the diirrid nay against a British subject's yea is in itself sufficiently degrading, but his Eminence seems to shirk altogether the question of insulting behaviour towards that British subject by depriving him of his safeguard abroad, the passport in which the authorities of the British government expressly " request and require" foreign powers to allow him to pass freely without let or hindrance. Cardinal Antonelli also affirms, that the denial of the gendarmes is corroborated by three witnesses of their mode of proceeding, who do not belong to the police, but it is to be remembered that the want of nu uniform is by no means a proof, in this country, that a person is not a police agent; moreover, the names of these three witnesses are, according to the equitable style of legal procedure now in vogue here, studiously concealed - . It is in vain for Signor Balbi to hope bir witnesses on his side, as no one would dare to give evidence against the police, with a cer tainty of going straight front the tribunal to gaol fie his pains, but his sworn affidavit must surely go fur something, especially as General Ellice has for warded A most satisfactory report in his favour from the Malta police, stating him to be a most honoura ble and respectable man. A great deal of the mis chief is doubtless owing to the malicious misrepre s,ptations of the Roman consul at Malta, who is a Maltese, and had some words with Signor Balbi, because the latter preferred returning to Rome under the protection of General Ellice 'a passport rather than that of the Roman government, with which he had travelled from Rome to Malta. Mean while, notwithstanding the British consul's reiterated demands that Balbi should he allowed to remain un molested in Rome, where for many years he has car ried on the occupation of a cameo engraver, he can only obtain permission for a fortnight at a time, and will be probably sent out of the country at the end of this month, and has lived t ver since his arrival in such a state of jeopardy and uncertainty, that his work has been a stand-scill, and his pecuniary irate. rests consequently materially injured. To wind up in a few words, the case stands thus :—A Billish subject has been deprived of his passport, and treated by the Papal police with violence, indecency, and derision. The Batiste consul's claims for repara tion and punishment of the offenders are supported;by 11.101. government, hut refused by the cardinal se cretary of state, who alleges that Balltiwas a suspected I person (although he cannot even pretend that such suspicions were founded), and that his complaints are exaggerated. Will the British government consent to be so snubbed, and thus expose other British sub iects to a repetition of such infamous treatment ? It is to be hoped not. It would be far more to the interests of us foreigners and travellers, if the papal government would occupy itself less with apocryphal political eil krings and take a little mote care to keep the high roads iree from brigands. It was only three days ago that 1 had a narrow escape . myself on the road hoar Viterbo to Rome. I was in the diligence, and thought that the patrols of gendarmerie and dra goons, and the platoons of infantry, that we met every now and then,hail a somewhat unusual aspect. The postillions, too, who had driven at a good pace heretofore, began to ride in slow and solemn sadness after we passed Roneiglione, and mysterious whispers were exchanged between the conductor and the post masters. At the inn of Settevene, five and twenty flutes from Rome, we saw a carriage a good deal battered; and learned that its owners, an Italian family travelling northwards from Naples, had been assaulted and robbed that very morning about 12 o'clock, by three brigands, one of whom was armed with a gun, another with a pair of pistols, and the third with a hatchet, which he employed in furiously dashing in the windows and panels of the coach. The robbers obtained plunder to the amount of five or six hundred dollars, with which they were so far appeased as to offer no further violence to their vic tims, who proceeded from the scene of their mishap, between Baecano and Settevene, where the road tra verses a lofty desert ridge called the I'oggio della Sella, to the inn, where we found them reposing and recovering from their terror. The robbers probably made for the woods immediately with their booty, and will most likely elude the researches of the Roman gendarmes and soldiers. Meanwhile, as night drew on the fright of a Genoese cavaliere , who, with his wife and daughters, were my travelling companions, increased; and peaceable pasturi and mounted herdsmen were trans formed by the ladies' vivid imaginations into blood thirsty brigands and mosstrooping marauders, until the cavalicre bribed the postillions to take us quickly over the last dreary stage from La Storta, which they did with such good will that we were very nearly running from Scylla into Charybdis, • and breaking our necks by an upset in order to keep our bones whole from the bandits hatchet. I The postillions are usually cautious to drive slowly through suspicious or dangerous passes, because they know that, if they attempted to escape, the first shots of the brigands would be directed at them. Two French officers of engineers, who have been missing since Sunday morning, when they are known to have been out in the Compiegne, are sup , posed by some to have fallen into the clutches of banditti ; but their brother officers hint that they have merely taken French leave to escape from the monotony of Rome, and that, as soon as their freak is over and their money exhausted, they will return from Naples or elsewhere, to undergo the trifling penalty which their misdemeanour will bring upon them. It is rumoured that Messrs. Lion Faucher and Barrot arc soon to arrive here, in order to have a kind of congress with Cardinal Antonelli, the French ambassador, and the ministers of Austria and Russia, so as to concert the mode in which the Roman ques tion is to be upheld in the ensuing campaign on the opening of the French legislative assembly. - - NAPLES. The King of Naples has issued a decree, establish ing an asylum for orphans and foundlings at Avig nano, in the province of Basilicata. NAPLES, Ocr. It is very generally reported in the court circle that his Majesty 1611 crc long grant a general am nesty for all political offenders. I hope there is some truth in the assertion ; I have little belief in it myself. The government now is in a worse . position than ever; having endeavoured to defend thew illegal acts, and failed in proving that the political offenders arc guilty of anything but constitutional opinions, how can they bo amnestied, without returning to npresentative government? It should be remem bered that the policy of the present Neapolitan go vernment is not its own, but that of despotic Europe. The King of the Two Sicilies is hand in hand with our brother of Austria, the Grand Duke of Tuscany, and the Pope. How can he then be either loyal or just ? I know there are some who have urged the King to be both. But how is this to be done with the present state of France and Germany ? M. Barrot who represents (I will not say France) Louis Napoleon in Naples, has left for Rome; report says to confer with the Pope on a change of . policy both in Rome and Naples. The Russian minister gives no advice at all, and Austria supports the ri et • armis of the present system. With such a state of things I have little hope that English influence will i • save the king and his dynasty. Admiral Parker's Beet is now at Genoa. The ..... Dragon still remains at Leghorn. A French squa dron is expected here. The charitable have subscribed nearly 50,000 ducats for the sufferers at Mehl, the scene of the late earth quake. The authorities were proved to be so dis honest that his Majesty left. Melti in disgust. Up to this day, I am assured by one of the medical com mission, the ruins have nut been cleared, and there can be little doubt many perished undor the fallen houses, who, had they received timely assistance, might have been swell. His Majesty appears to have done everything in his power except remove the mayor, the principal cause of this neglect. NOTE OF LORD PALMERSTON TO TILE NEAPOLITAN MINISTER LN LONDON. The InVitendance of Brussels publishes the fol low•ing note, as addressed by Lord Palmerston to Prince Castelcicala, the Neapolitan minister in Lon don : ---- - I have had the honour to receive your letter of the 9th, accompanied by a pamphlet intituleil " The Neapolitan Government and Mr. Gladstone," and copies of which you beg me to forward to the royal ambassadors at the dilferent courts of Europe. I beg to reply that I cannot accede to your request, not wishing to assist in dissimulating a pub lication which, in my opinion neither does honour to its author nor to the government which it seeks to defend, nor to the political party of which he makes himself the champion. I feel myself compelled to declare that tha letters of Mr. Gladstone to Lord Aberdeen pre sent the aid picture of a system of illegality, injustice, and cruelty, such as no one could In here could have been prac tised in our day in a European country. The information which I have obtained from different sources have led me to the conclusion that the English writer has in no way exag gerated the evils which he depicts. On the contrary, the author appears to have for object to call public :Ittentont to abuses which, if they were to continue, would necessarily overthrow the foundation of the Neapolitan government, and would open the read to those violent explosions which, sooner or later, burst forth when injustice is prolonged and aggravated. The Neapolitan government besides deceives itself if it thinks that a tissue of unfounded assertions and hazarded cobtradictions. mingled with gross attacks on poli tical parties will render it any real service, nod assist in at taining the object it pursues. In conclusion, I will remark that, in the publications of M`Farlanc, are contained direct and inditeet avowals which, contrary to his intention, con firm rather than destroy this couviction. (Signed) PALMEUSTON. GERMANY. ENNA, Orr. 18. Very great stress is laid by the whole Austrian press, whether governmental or not,upon the railway treaty recently concluded with the Italian States, Mo dena, Parma, Tuscany, and the Pupal States. It is in fact a measure to which too much importance can hardly be attached. It is another link in the chain by which the Austrian government is fettering Italy to the throne of the empire. Austrian soldiers keep under and in fact rule in every one of the states in question, excepting the Roman, though in each the farce of separate and independent civil administra tion is maintained. Postal treaties have placed the letter traffic, railway treaties the goods and passenger traffic in the hands, or at least under the controlling influence of Austria; and negotiations arc in pro gress for the fmnation of au Italian commercial league, composed of the same states, with Austria at their head. The triumphant tone of the govern mental organs of the empire is therefore well founded. As the Oestreichlache Corrotponden: very truly says : " As far as the traffic of the South of Italy with the North and East of Europe is con cerned, it must proceed in the paths pro vided by Austria." The truth of this statement is undeniable; not so, however, the reasoning which Mows in the article from which the above sentence is extracted. The government organ considers, that under the circumstances alluded to, the well known project for carrying a line of railway from the heart of Piedmont through Switzerland will, of necessity, be abandoned. In this sentence there is put forth another, and perhaps one of the chief reasons which have actuated the Austrian government in pursuing this policy of uniting Italy. Every ono of the treaties is directed against Sardinia. The constitu tional government of that country must either bo cajoled into the union, and thereby deprived of its independence, and the liberties of tho Sardinian people be crushed, or by exclusion front the advan tages, which so facilitated and greatly improved system of communication affords, be driven to com mit political suicide. The Oestreichimehe Curreapm den: WIN too plainly what the motives of the Austrian government really are, and while the agents of the latter arc hard at work in Turin, striving to affect the royal mind of Victor Emmanuel, other agencies are also used, and that most unsparingly. Even the opposition press of Vienna is blinded by ' the fallacy of national glory and prosperity into recommending Sardinia to join the railway, postal, and commercial unions Mate Austrian government. The fears of the Sardinian government arc kept on the alert by constant allusions to the Italian emi gration; its hopes arc weakened by frequent recur rence to the distance of England, and the small prospect of steady or material support from Lord Palmerston, and its complications with Rom held up as irremediable, unless the assistance of Austria be applied for, assistance which the Sardinian go vernment is reminded has resulted in a most favour. able concordat for Tuscany. The weakness, insub ordination, and inefficiency of the Sardinian army is not forgotten. If the king of Sardinia and his ministers really were inclined to unite with Austria, , they would indeed find more motives for doing so in the Austrian press than they could ever have ima pined to exist. It is to be hoped that they will find I at home an easily sufficient motive for remaining without the Austro-Italian railway, postal, and cons mercial league. NATIONAL FREEHOLD LAND SOCIETT.-1116 so ciety is extending its operations in the southern counties. It has made another valuable purchase, consisting of as estate at Chichester, within three-quarters of a mile south east of the city walls, on the Bognor-road. The estate is already laid out in a picturesque manner, and is intersected by a good road running from c ist to west, calledWickham road. At a meeting of the society, held at Chichester, s few evenings ago, to celebrate this acquisition, the chair was occupied by the Rev. W. Malden, a clergyman of the place. Mr. Clarke, of Walthamstow, delivered an address, in which he pointed out the desirability of the inclu,trious classes availing themselves of this excellent opportunity , of obtaining the franchise by such a small outlay. Mr. Whits tingham, the secretary of the society, detailed its operations from the commencement showing that the scheme bad flourished fur beyond the most saninine anticipations. He trust, d that the advantages held out by their having ob tained an estate in close proximity to the stronghold of pro- tection would not be lost sight of ; at the same time he dis claimed any political bias for the society, its object being to widen the franchise for the benefit of all parties. FRANCE. PARIS, WTDNYADAY EVZNING. A ministerial council was held to-day at St. Cloud, at which Louis Napoleon presided. Nothing defini tive has been settled with regard to the ministry. The prefects summoned from the provinces since the President's declaration of the 14th of October were said by the friends of M. Faucher to have repre sented the opinions of the great majority of the middle classes as WaalVOUrable to the new policy of the President. The profoundest quiet has not ceased to reign in the metropolis. More and more representatives meet daily in the Salle des Confer ences, and the conservative laity seem strengthened in their intention of opposing the abrogation, pure and simple, of the law of the 31st May. The Moniteur contains a decree subjecting the de partments of the Cher and Nievre to state of siege. M. Faucher states, in the preamble to this ordinance, that the searches made by the troops in the various communes, seat of the late insurrection, prove the ac tion of secret societies, having a completely military organisation, which manufacture powder and procure arms. The decree, countersigned by the minister of the interior, bears the date of yesterday. The Are'tiemilit reports that the Prince de Joinvillc will come forward as a candidate for a seat in the Assembly, and that the Thqsal is on the point of publishing a letter from the prince to this effect. The Patrie confirms, in the following terms, the rupture of the negotiations with NI. Billault : The combination of which M. Ilillault was to have served as the pivot has completely failed. The President of the Republic has opened new negotiations which promise prompt solution. We do not, however, think that the new ministry can be formed in less than two days. All that we can affirm is that the President of the Republic is actively occupied with the affair. The Arc uctoent says : At the moment of going to press we learn that the follow ing ministerial list, eompo.cd of men not belonging to the Assembly, has been circulated to-day :—M. de Royer, Jus tice; M. itrenier, Foreign Affairs; General St. Arnaud, War; M. Michel Chevalier, Marine; M. reauger. In terior ; M. Sallandroure, Commerce ; M. Schneider, Public Works ; M. Giraud, Public Instruction ; M. nucleic, Finance. _ ..._.._.. Xll. Pietri. prefect of the Aviige, has been sum moned by telegraph to Paris. Since the 14th of October the candidature of the Prince de Joinville has grown more familiar to the ears of the Bourse. But few regard as authentic the letter printed by the .le.n ,, inent. The rumour of M. Curlier, prefect of police, intend. ing to become a candidate for Paris at the next elec tion, seems unfounded, inasmuch as the constitution prohibits public functionaries from being elected in the departments in which they hare served, until six months after their retirement from office. The council of revision of Lyons has rejected all the appeals made to it by the prisoners condemned by the court-martial, with the exception of that Bouvier. The decree subjecting the Cher and .lcivre to a state of siege is preceded by the following report from the Minister of the Intenor : Monsieur le President,—Thc situation of the departments of the Chcr and of the Nievre, warmly occupies public opi nion, and ought to awaken all the solicitude of the govern ment. Under the impression of the in•urrectioual move ment of which the Cher has been more particularly the theatre, measures have been called for from all parts, not only for the re-establishment of order, but also to rause to reign on the two banks of the Loire that security to which citizens who observe the laws have a right. The government has taken these wishes into con sideration. But, before seceding to them, and while securing the repression of the disturbances which had broken out, it was necesuire, in the nest place, to sacertain the extent of them, anti to seek for their origin. This inquiry has been made, while columns of troops wero scouring the insurgent communes. The result of it has been that the two revolts of the 13th and 14th last. cannot ROMAN STATES. ROME, Orr. 14. In no country, and at no period, does history pre sent us with a more violent revulsion of popular feel ing towards one individual, and that individual a I l sovereign, than the example we have at present be fore us in this city. It was on this very day, the 14th of October, four years ago, that Pio Nono wit nessed a manifestation of the attachment of his peo ple, well suited to the fervent character of the south, and to the feelings of enthusiasm which his newly initiated, and alas, short-lived political concessions gave rise to. His Holiness had been to spend the day at his palace of Castel Gandolfo, on the shores of the lake of Albano, and in the afternoon, some hours befire he was expected, the streets in the direction of the Porta San Giovanni began to be crowded, the various battalions of civic guard awaited him on the Piazza, and, towards evening, a dense crowd assembled before the Quirinal, the adjacent palaces were illuminated, and multitudes were to be seen lining every roof whence a view of the cortege I was to be obtained. The distant shouts, the vivas of the crowd as the beloved sovereign approached, I then the deep silence and the solemn benediction, reverentially responded to by kneeling thousands, arc still vivid in everybody's recollection who was in Rome at the time. The love of their pontiff was leading the Romans to love their religion also. Now alas, how many of them renounce, as far as they dare, the very principles of Christianity out of hostility to their ecclesiastical rulers! The aspect of the city just now presents no less a contrast to the gaiety prevalent at the period to which I have alluded, than • the manner in which the sovereign is now received,when ' he comes abroad does to the joyous transports pro duced by his presence four years ago. Homo is most lugubrious, and its sadness is especially observable in this month, which, in former times, used to be consecrated to holiday keeping and festivities. Little heart have the Romans to sing and dance this year. They arc ground down by the continual oppressions of die police, and are too glad to find the day get' over without changing their own homes for the inside of a jail. Continual arrests thin the ranks,' although they do not diminishtho politi ca l s pi r i t of WEST INDIA AND THE PACIFD MAILS. OW ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) (mom ova OWN COItHE6PONDENT.) SOUTHAMPTON, Tit rasp.' r MID-DAY . . . . . The Thames has just arrived with the . Vest India and Pacific mails. She hit Chagres on the 26th Sept.; Jamaica, Trinidad, and Demerara, 27th; St. Thomas, Oct. lth. Amongst the freight on board is specie to the amount of 1,316,09 i dots. from the Pacific and West Indies, on account of merchants. From Demerara we learn that since the departure of the last packet, the Governor had been ut Der bice—his Excellency had been well received there. A meeting of the Court of Policy was to take place, to consider the plan of reform brought forward by the Governor. A meeting of limiters was about to be held, to consider the subject of emigration. According to a census taken of the colony, the population amounts to about 110,000 inhabitants. Mr. Booker, the proprietor of Green_ field, who attempted to introduce the cultivation of land in Mmma by means of English farm labourers and ploughmen has returned to Enropo in the Thames. Ilts experiment has turned out a failure. From Jamaica we learn that the October seasons have set in on the north side ; the rains have been continuous and heavy for some time. UNITED STATES. The United States mail steam-ship Baltic, Captain Comstock, arrived at Liverpool yesterday, bringing 911promengers,1,000/. in specie, and three days' later advices from New York, which port she left on tho 11th inst. These financial troubles were beginning to credo some excitement. The Baltimoreans were panic stricken, and the labourers in the vicinity of Cum berland had blocked up . the railroad, and refused to allow the cars to pass, in consequence of the failure of the Maryland Mining Company. This monetary quivering throughout the country was probably cre ated by the recent difficulties in New lurk, and the moment that people at a distance find that all is again right in this city everything will once inure bo smooth. _ The trial of fourteen Irishmen, charged with mur der, was commenced on the I lth at Buffalo. Melees from New Mexico are to the 2nd ult. A triangular fight about the church property Nuts taken place, which will tend to the creation of a great deal of 111-feeling among the inhabitants. An expedition against the Navajo Indians, it is thought, would meet with many difficulties, as the troops were poorly prepared for such a campaign. Respecting the Navajos a letter from Santa Fe', of the Ist Sept., says: Of our numerous aboriginal neighbours I . shall now only 1 speak to you about the Navahos. This ~ ra•rhaps, the most interesting tribe of Indians at present existing on oar continent. The country which t cy occupy comprises all, or most, of that vast portion of the territory of New Mexico lying between the Rio Grande ou the east, and the matinee of California on the west—the northern and apothem limits brink approximately those of New Mexico. Ansi this ex tensive region is represented, by those few bold anal adven turous American: who have either passed through or deeply penetrated into it, as the most pieturesspie MO romantic part of western America. The twit et the calk.) , anal plains is said to be very fertile, anikwhere not covered with timber, bearing simple harvesta of the most inatritious grasses. The climate is spoken of as cool and delirious in summer, and so mild in winter as not to make travelling very disagreeable at any time. That this interior and unknown region abounds in mineral wealth, especially the precious saisCals, is a sub ject on which the most intelligent people of this country eutertain not a shadow of doubt. That the Navahos Lore from time to time, for a period of two centuries, brought into this town specimens of native gold anal silver, is a well-known fact. Anal it is furthermore true, that a few of these samples have equalle,l, if not surpassed, the finest that have ever yet been discovered in ealifomia. Murk the prediction—there is another anal a better Cali fornia to Ise diaeuvered here, near by, and, that before the lapse of many yeses, possibly of nutty months. So much bar this great Wen ; and now a few words nu the natives who inhabit it, and claim it fur their own. These, the Navahos (in Spanish spelt Navajo), are a tribe of Indium as interesting as the country in which they lire. They may he odd to he aemi-eivilised, and to have become NO, ton, without the instrumentality of those agencies which, now-today*, commonly civilise the savage. Thi•y work, it is said, in cotton ; hut, if this Ire true, I cannot say whence comes flie.r cotton. That they work in wool—in a very superior manis,T, too—is well known to us all. The Navaho blanket "is a far famed NM*, carrying with the mention of its • the idea of brilliancy Of colours, closeness of texture, and durability of material. They cultivate their rich valleys with tas dostry, and they reap the rewar.l of their industry in the obtiiiiment of most abundant crops of corn, wheat, melons, peaches, sic. but the Navaho are an avaricious sot of fellows, like their white friends ou the eastern half of the continent; and not content with the plenty which their own country furnishes, they make frequent tours for plunder into the casuistry of the it maghlsoura, the New Mexicans. this has been their favourite sport frail time " whereof the memory of man knoweth not to the con trary." And fur this long system of unjost pillage, neither tradi tion nor history hands down, as far as we know, a single instance in which they have suffered the penalties of tho Lax lationis. There have Naga made, under the Mexican government, which has passed away, and share, some faint attempts at retaliation, but they have not tarn attended with permanent advantage—the result mon , we believe, of Indian duplicity than American inefficiency. The Navaho is the smartest of diplomatists. Ile always fights and robs Isis neighbours during his leisure months, anal yet has never been known to fail in making a treaty of everlasting ricaco and friendship whilst his crops are growing. Let who can outwit the Navaho. But there has just set off to the Navaho country a matt who, if he cannot outwit them, we believe can and will, at least, outfi A ht them. Colonel Sumner, the last military commander who has been sent to this territory, is off against the Navaho with an ample force. We know but little as yet of the colonel, but what little we do know causes us to lirok . evnlidently for a successful, and perhaps brilliant, ter mination of the campaign. Sumner will do something morn than " march up the bill, and then march down again." But our standing army is certainly too small to give suffi cient and sati.f.setory protection to our people, as widely spread us they an. The last Cougn.ss, imtead of augment ing at least tire dragoon servic..., have withheld supplies, and thereby impaired the efilviency of the small force pre ciously existing. This was, no doubt, the work of dis unionists Mal fanatics, who expect that if they can get rid. of Inc army and navy, they can easily rid themselves of rho United States government and the Union. The brig Rescue, the consort of the Advance, sent out by Mr. Grinnell in search of Sir John Franklin, had arrived at the Brooklyn Navy Yard. The Rescue parted with the Advance about three hundred miles off Cape Farewell, but since that time, Capt. Griffith says, no incident has occurred worthy of special re mark. He entertains the same hypothesis as to the fate of Sir John Franklin with Lieut. De Haven and some of the officers of the British expedition— namely, that he is hemmed in by the leo at a point to which these expeditions havo not yet been able to penetrate. Thu Rescue ;(says the ErproiB) appears in much better condition than her consort. 11cr ngging is in tolerably good order, and her hull is all sound, except a portion of the bulwarks which bear evidence of the embraces of the ice. The officers and crew, though suffering quite as much as their companions in the Advance, nevertheless now look well. The Rescue has on board four Esquimaux dogs, of the same breed as those on board the Ad ranee, already described. They are said to be capi tal bear hunters, and as such are invaluable compa nions to the Greenlander, who lives chiefly upon that sort of food. There aro also on board some half dozen kyaeks (fishing boats), and a great variety of I other curiosities of rare interest to the scientific world. CONIMEILCULL INTELLIGENCE. NEw l'ultx, OcT. 10. The stock market at the first beard was steady but not very active. After the board rut active demand sprung up and the market became very buoyant, and the second board exhibited the same buoyancy. Some large houses came in as buyers, and stocks closed with a strong feeling. Garrern meats were in large demand at advanced prices. The sales were 60,000 dole. or 70,000 daps. at I to f per cent. advance. State stocks also were better and in demand. Tke Fancies show considerable improvement. Eric went to 78 but closed at 777, an advance of 11 per cent. Reading improved }per cent. ; liarlem, 1 per cent.; Long Island, per cent. Nor • wich was in pod demand after the second 'shard, and 49} was bid, an advance of 1,1 per cent. This is one of the stocks which has been unreasonably depressed during the late fall, going from 70 to 46, and it will probably be one to feel earliest and strongest the effect of any favourable re action in the market. The earnings show a very favourable amount of increase, exceeding 3,000 dots. in Asptcniber, and the whole affairs of the company are in a flourishing con dition. Thu earnings of the eurrsut six months promise dividend of 3 per cent., with a surplus 01 10,000 dole. The Erie securities are firm and in fair demaud. Iludion River has improved since the opening to 702 to 71, au advance of 6 per crut. from the lowest point. Sterling exchange has been in very :baited inquiry for the steamer to morrow, and the market closes with a down ward tendency. The supply on the market is considerable, and is daily increasing by arrivals front the south. Thu T