The Express. — London, England, 1853-11-12 00:00:00

Zitr erortoo. TO CORRESPONDENTS. Peembiloa of ..Tr Kayer." sestaistrir Owl anew inersisire ...matte," u putt) abed eve.l reamMy sd ►ndy met% m woo lot po.I. W. runlet , engin onnte4 "TM Koper," Leedom Evelio' psys*. west r st toe s nfce , to, becavetwetroet, by Tiro o'clock so the do 05 pubiestion. 111011 WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. T" , . I I•T - •rnIAR. M. . .... Atterarme. 1 la. 40. To-atuarow —ldurtung. _Arum's" M. Or. LONDON, SATVRDAY, NOVEMBER 12. WE are sow io possession of the unabridged, en softened Manifesto of the Cz tn. We give it as translated directly from the Itussian. And along with this bombastic untburst of the despot, we re ceive the statement that Russian prisoners of war have already reached Constantinople, and that the entire amount of the Russian corps rfarno , e which OMER PM:II has bagged in that cubtle-soc, Walla chia, (loci nut exceed 40,000. Unless the foresight, promptitude, and energy hitherto displeyed by the Turkish commander-in-chief desert him all at once , • he can have little difficulty in dealing with such a force. Every victory he gains will add to his strength, physi cal and moral. Already the Wallachians, galled by the military tyranny of Russia, and encouraged by the success of the Turkish arms, are pressing to his standard; and the rind.; to Ox .a PAcIIA, and cries ' of "A bas lee Rinses," that lately echoed within the walls of the Opera at Paris, are but a prelimi nary outbreak of an enthusiasm which any succes sion of Ottoman victories must awaken throughout Hungary, Italy, Germany, France, and England. We do not undervalue the courage of the Russian; but it is that kind of bravery which manifests itself by confronting death and meeting it without dis may; there is nothing of enterprise in it. The Russians are i,l qualified to turn the tide of an adverse fight, and the bloated vanity of their monarch has exposed them to an unequal contest in the swamps of the Danube. More victories by the Turks may therefore be fairly expected. But the vanity and presumption of the Russian impe rial manifesto is, if possible, exceeded by its blas phemy. This is unfortunately no new or unparalleled characteristic. We have had Te Deems performed ' to celebrate the success of the St. Bartholomew =s cum; we have had a CORTEZ and a PIZARRO catry iog the cross in trout of their exterminating legions when they broke loose on the unoffending natives of Mexico and Peru; we have had solemn thanksgivings by Patriarchs in Cathedrals for the cooquest of Poland. NtatotAs has too many of his class to keep hint in countenance in his blasphe, mous invocation of the Divine blessing upon his rapa cious and murderous enterprise. But the unsophisti cated pence of the people has not become reconciled by the examples of centuries to those daring and profane mockeries. Now, as ever, it feels outraged and indignant at them. Prayer was never meant to throw a false veil over sins so deadly as those of shameless invasion and its consequent bloodshed and misery. The tone of OMER PACTIA, and of his government, continues, as from the beginning, to contrast beauti fully with the proud and profane raving of their antagonist. Though flushed with vie tory, the Turkish General only asks of by enemies to liberate the soil of his country from their hated presence, and give security that they will not return to renew their predatory aggressions. But, should the struggle be unluckily protracted, can we expect of human nature to maintain this almost un 'precedented moderation? The mere excitement of successive victories is itself enough to make men for get themselves. And, as the Turkish army advances in pursuit of its retreating and straggling foe, the war will be carried into scenes crowded with terrible and painful associations for them. The atroci ties perpetrated by the Russians at the siege and sack of Ismail, and many similar tra ditions, will be brought back to their memories with all the liveliness of reality. Who could wonder, — if, under a load of such recollections, the Turks were to retaliate on the descendants of the butchers of Ismail—c...ught in an attempt to perpe trate the same crimes as their ancestors—all that in that doomed city was suffered by its Turkish inha bitants P It has been tauntingly asked by the abettors of Russia in the press—" If the Turks are able to cope single-handed with the Russians, where is the need to support them ?" The answer is easy. It is the interest and duty of the independent na tions of Europe to assist one of their num ber, when lawlessly assailed, were it but to give a pledge to those givernments who would despoil their neighbours that the States of the Euro- pean system are resolved to have their mutual rela tions prescribed bylaw, and maintained according to law. There:is another gain promised by the co-ope ration of France and England with Turkey :—The contest between Russia and three such Powers will of necessity be more brief than a contest between Rus sia and the weakest of them ; there will be less time allowed for the growth of such an excitement among the Turks as might lead to the natural bat undesirable retaliation hinted at above. And the two allied Powers will, by their co-operation, have obtained a right to intercede for mercy to the prostrate braggart of Russia when their combined arms have baffled him. It is, therefore, gratifying to learn,--after all the desponding Taticinatioos of those whom the reticence and (extreme) caution of the French and English Governments have led at times to dread their desertion of the Porte,—that the English and French fleets are in the Sea of Marmon, and DUNDAS and HAMEUY at Constantinople. A material service may, even at this the eleventh hear, be rendered by French and English diplomacy to Turkey, by joining with RESCHID PAcnA to extort from Austria a categorical answer to the question whether it is consistent with professions of neutrality to allow Russia to supply the Montenegrins with arms conveyed through the Austrian territory? There is no one who has a deeper interest in a speedy termination of the war he has provoked than the Emperor of RUSSIA himself. If prolonged, it must be productive of innumerable privations to all cusses of his subjects, and innumerable mortifications of their vanity. When his father tried the nation in this manner, he was speedily got rid of; and should the war which NICHOLAS has provoked last long, he may suffer the paternal fate. The barbarous people over whom he rules have seldom shown much pity to those who disgusted them. SIIAKSPEARS has set the example of associating high and low life in his most tragic dramas: the nurse prattles beside Juliet, and the Fool flits and gibbers around Lear, in the moments of their in. tensest agony. It may be allowed us, in humble imitation, to associate the Mies with NICHOLAS and the Tuus,sltussian struggle—with the doom of monarchs evd nations. For weeks and months the 7V,nes has be labouring to prove that Turkey can not be saved, sod that it would be undesirable to save Turkey if we could. Since the news of the Turkish victories has been confirmed a new light has broke in upon our coOtemporary. It cannot find words to express its astonishmnt that the Turks can fight, and that they can beat the Rutians. hre ll oht a b ou t the rrsnite confesses it cannot comprehend, but it admit& the fact—nay more, in the teeth of its own reiterated prophecies and expressed wishes, it yesterday fairly congratulates itself upon the Turkish victorisi, Ai/- covers that Turkey no be preserved, and that, ip is desirable it should be preserved. There is something impressively ludicrous and grotesque in the awkward halt-awskened fashion in which our respected con temporary gasps forth its new confession of faith. But it will not stop here. Let OMER PACIIA but gain half-a-dozen more victories, and we shall have the CZAR abused in the leaders of the Times as he has never yet been abused. The Times could forgive the CZAR his rapacious aggressiuus upon Turkey and his blasphemous cant; but the Times will never forgive the CZAR if he gets beaten after it had pro phesied that he would conquer. If blicitoLts should be knocked down by ill-fortune, or by his foes, the Times will, after its old plan, be amongst the first to trample on him. WHEN the Crusade was first preached in Europe the enthusiasm excited was so intense that thou sands vowed to take up the cross without having any thing beyond a mere glimmering of the nature of their vow, or the way in which it was to be accom plished. WALTER THE PENNILESS set off with his vast army of beggars without the slightest knowledge of where to go, what to do, or how to do it. They all perished, but nevertheless the excitement continued and spread. It reached at last, we are told, the very children themselves, who, unable to resist the impulse which the everlasting iteration of " the cross,"" the cross" produced in their minds, ran away in troops asking their way to Jerusalem. During a more recent excitement the gamins at Paris were even more earnest than their elders in shouting rice la Rilpu. blique, although they would have been puzzled to say what the Re'publique meant, or was to do for them. Let any loud " cry " be raised, and if it obtains the assistance of a few backers, earnest either from enthusiasm or selfishness, a moral contagion will be excited under the influence of which thousands will echo it who can give no better reason for their chorus than a flock of sheep for following the one who leads them through all imaginary difficulties. There is some magic of this sort in the word " strike" just now. Sound it in the ears of a number of men or women engaged peaceably in the same employment, asd you produce such an effect as that produced by the Prince in the fairy tale, when the sleeper during centuries arose to bois terous action in a moment. A quiet factory shall become a scene of turmoil, in • few mi nutes after the magical word is pronounced. The decent multitude which swarmed homeward yesterday in peace shall now occupy themselves with yelling, smashing windows, chasing employers, and like profitable employments. Or else they will stand sullenly aside, and watch with a patient eye the ruin of their employers and themselves. Now a large por tion of these know or care very little about the rights of the matter. They have been led away by • blind faith in the talismanic " effect " of the word Strike, and, having placed unbounded confidence in the ori ginal preacher of the doctrine, abide the issue. Thus the men and the women have had their strike, and now the boys determine they will have theirs also. The apprentices of Liverpool cannot see why they should not have a draught of the intoxicating drink in which all around them are indulging. These Lilliputian rebels have united in an awful bond, like so many Jack-the-Giant-Killers, to slay monsters by the use of the weapon in which their fathers and mothers so delight. They look to confound and demolish their " Cormorans " of masters by a "strike." The slight difficulty that presented itself to the valorous mannikins, was what they should strike about. Wages could not afford a ground for striking, inasmuch as wages they had none. The nature of the deliberations which preceded their final determination we know not. The proceedings of the " club" are shrouded in awful mystery. It may be imagined that some mutineer with a sweet tooth might have proposed striking for an extra spoonful of sugar, or " more gravy to their pudding " might have been put forward in a round-robin. A " holiday three days a week" probably floated before the eyes of some of the youthful malcontents, who would for ever be seeking for happiness at the bottom of their trousers pockets with their hands diligently imprisoned therein. These and many other subjects were, doubtless, discussed at the " club ;" but, as no re porters were admitted, it is impossible to decide this question. However satisfactory it might be to settle it accurately, it must remain one of the dark places in history until some historian of the " club" shall arise to instruct the world as to its doings. Practically wo are not concerned with that matter at present, as we are acquainted with the determination of the club :—" The apprentices should no longer be inden tured or bound." They would be free as air. No soup hereafter should sing scornfully of them as being "bound apprentice" in any "shire," however " famed." A Mr. CAT°, who seems not to take things quite so coolly as his namesake the Stoic, brought the fact before the notice of a meeting of the muter-shipbuilders at Liverpool on Wed- nesday. " CATt; the Sententious" described this matter as "a very grievous affair." He had been in the habit of binding his apprentices, but—why he does not state—had n• glected the prac tice for eighteen months. His managing man, the day before, brought a young boy to the office to be bound, who refused to sign the indentures. He wu accordingly told to walk about his business. This being made known to the rest of the apprentice boys in the yard, they discontinued their labour. They all assembled outside the yard gate, and on being asked why they left work replied that it was in consequence of the _ _ _ missal of the boy who refused to be bound. They added they would not allow Mr. CATO to bind his boys as it wee "contrary to the rules and regulations of their club." Fifty-six have left the yard, and disap peared no one knows whither. Here is a new ver sion of " Club law." The cry of " Clubs" amongst the apprentices of Liverpool promises to be as dis tasteful to the ear as the same cry amongst the un ruly youngsters of London three hundred years ago. The debate that ensued in the senate of ship mas ters was scarcely so abundant in wisdom as the suggestion inspired by the Roman appellee tion of the complainant might have led us to expect. A Mr. DAVIS had tried the binding system, and he had had no less than seven apprentices at one time in , the House of Correction, but instead of being improved, they became worse ! Who ever before thought that sending a boy to prison would improve his morals ? A Mr. FITZPATRICK was of opinion that a clause should -be introduced into each indenture compelling appren tices to attend the Mechanics' Institution nightly. Has Mr. FITZPATRICK ever heard of the proverb which throws a doubt about the certainty of a horse's drinking because he is brought to the pond? Some. thing the boys will drink, it is evident, inasmuch as an allowance of ninepence a day made by some masters, to compensate them for the wear of their clothes, was invariably spent in ale. One gentleman suggested that the boys having shown a decided tendency to frequent the Park Theatre, that build ing should be bought, and turned into a school. Here we oome nearer the true solution of such diffi culties. Only the boys want the proper schooling before the apprentice-days. It may be difficult to make wood nunils of them afterwards. THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 12, 1853. Ladierons as the detain concerning thin boyish freak appear, they assume importance in connexion with events that have happened lately. There is a reckless, wanton employment of the engine of pres sure, termed a strike, that leads to the worst copse ' qualms. A strike may be entered into in a moment without due preparation or proper consultation, or any debate upon the elements in dispute. This does not apply, it is true, to every case, but it is applicable to so many that we are warranted in looking upon it as a most serious symp tom in our soda? system. A step, that can only be justifiable after mature deliberation, is commenced with as much thoughtlessness as if it meant nothing more than a holiday. What men and women undertake so carelessly, seems now likely to be imitated by the young—as in the present instance. All feeling of the moral importance of the effects of a separation of capitalists and labourers is lost, and the road to dearth and ruin is begun as gaily as though it led to plenty, comfort, and happiness. This is a most sorrowful feature of the present crisis, and one which threatens the operatives with sad results. It is bad enough to see grown-up men and women in a chronic state of opposition ; but what are we to expect when a whole population, from adults down to children, are engaged in playing uncon cernedly with edged tools A journal sometimes used as a channel for minis terial purposes, gave yesterday the following curt paragraph : " The Admiralty Court. Henry Cadogan Rothery, Esq., has been appointed Registrar of the High Court of Admiralty, in the place of Henry Birchfield Swabey, Esq., who has resigned that office." It would have been well if the jour nal or its informants had allowed the public to know why Mr. Swabey has left the Admiralty Court. Ills departure from office is au event about which the public is entitled to the fullest information ; and, the more so, as all reforms of the Courts, to one of which Mr. Swabey was attached, have hitherto been studiously refused. The present government may win golden opinions by a reforms Lion of all the courts that sit in Motors' Commons; but meanwhile we ask for a public explanation of the circumstances attending Mr. Swabey's retirement. Why has Mr. Rothery been appointed Registrar of the High Court of Admiralty in the place of Henry Birchfield Swabey, resigned s' We have every reason to believe that Sir Charles Hotham, K.C.8., has been offered the Governorship of Victoria, in Australia. Sir Charles Hotham is eldest son of the Hon. and Rev. Frederick Hotham, pre bendary of Rochester (who is uncle of the third Lord Hotham), by the eldest daughter of Thomas Halle t Hodges, Esq., of Hampstead-place, Kent. He was born in 1806; entered the navy in 1825; became a captain in 1833; was midshipman of the Naiad, and assisted at the reduction of an Algerine brig of war under the batteries of Bona in 1824; was nominated a K.C.B. for his distinguished services in the opera tions in La Plata, 1845 ; was commodore on the west coast of Africa from 1846 to 1849 ; and more recently the diplomatic representative of Great Britain to the Argentine Confederation. THE KING'S COLLEGE AND MR. MA U.RICE. -•- The following letter his been addressed by Mr. Maurice to the Council of King's College, and laid before them at their meeting yesterday : TO THE COUNCIL OF KING'S COLLEGE. 21, Quiteu.square, Bloomsbury, Nov. 7. 1853. My Lords and Gentlemen,—l have received from the Secretary of King's College a copy of certain resolutions respecting ate which were adopttd at the last meeting of the council. ender ordinary circumstances it would be my duty at once to resign °Sees which the legislative body of the college has declared that I cannot hold without serious detriment to its usefulness. But the council is aware, and the public is now also aware, that certain definite charges have been brought against me by the Principal, upon the strength of which be asked that I should be excluded from my profemonhip.i Them charges amounted to a declaration that I bad de- parted fram the orthodox faith. Ha alleged, as his reasons for this grave charge, that I did not accept a meaning of the word "Eternal" which he considered to be the only right one, and that I refused to draw certain consequences from that meaning, or to pronoun*, an opinion upon • s ubject on which the Articles of the Church of England have not pronounced one. The decision of the council, as ft avowedly takes cogni• sauce of the opinions which I expressed on this subject in my " Theological Essays " and in my correspondence with the Principal, can be understood to amount to nothing leas than a condemnation of me upon the grounds which are expressed in the Principal's letter. The conned must be deemed to ;have socepted the propositions In that letter, and to require that all its professors should accept them likewise. The Principal evidently shine in this opinion. When I wrote to inquire whether my lectures were to be continued till my SUCCSOWS were appointed, he answered that I had better discontinue them from the day on which the resolu tions of the council were plastid. He pronounced this de cision though he ►ad officially commanded me to be pre sent at the opening of the term and to commence my usual courses, retracting an unofficial letter in which he had re commended me to ask fur leave of absence. I submit that a person ordinarily so courteous to the proleuors of the college, and so tender of the intercsta of the students, would not have thus summarily suspended a teacher whom, with a full knowledge of his opinions, he had invited to be a lecturer in the theological department, and whoa had served the college in the other department for thirteen years—that he would not have interrupted the studies of the term, and forced me to break an implicit engagement with those who are taking part in them—if he had not be lieved that he was executing an ecclesiastical sentence upon a convicted heretic. I cannot, my lords and gentlemen, believe that, great as are the privileges which the right reverend beach has eon ceded to the Principal of King's College, their lordships, the bishops, ever intended to give him an authority supe rior to their own, superior to that of the articles by which they are bound ; I cannot think that they wished to con stPute him and the council arbiters of the theology of the English chunk. Such • claim would be as alarming, I apprehend, to the public as to oar ecclesiastical rulers. If some parents lees been suspicious of the influence which I might ezereim over their sone, I believe that there arc few parents in England who will not complain that the college has departed from its original principle, when it gives such a scope to the private judgment of its chief officer, or even to the judgment of the body which manages its affairs. I think it dm, then, to my own character u a clergyman, to the interests of the oollep, and to the liberties of th e English church, that I should call upon the council, if 1 1 they prenonnes a theological sentence upon me at all, to declare w►at article of oar faith condemns my teaching. I conjure them not to tees any phrases in condemning me which they wield reject as loom and vague, if the property or the life of a fellow-citizen were in question. Whether I have unsettled the faith of my pupils, by giving an inter• i pretation of the word " Eternal" which I had maintained to be true (and especially important for students in Divinity) be. fore I was asked to join the Theological department, the after lives ethane pupils must determine. But if I have violated say law of the church, that law can be at ones pointed out—the nature of the transgression can be defined without any reference to possible tendencies sad results. it is this justice, and not say personal favour, my lords and gentlemen, which I now request at your hands. I have the honour to be, my lords and gentleman, Your obedient servant, T. D. Ileum& P.S. I hare requested the Secretary to lay before the cenocil some copies of my letter to the Principal, to which I have added some notes. I would respectfully call the attention of the council to the Note 8., page 31, of the pamphlet. - After reading this letter the council decided that they did not think it necessary to enter further into the subject, and declared the two chairs held by Mr. Maurice in the college to be vacant. LETTERS FOR ARCTIC SHlM—Letters for officers, seamen, end marines serving on board the Enter prise, Rattlesnake, and Plover, in Bebring Straits, are to be sent to the Admiralty on or before the 30th November. LATEST FROM ABROAD. MANIFESTO OF THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA. (TRANSLATID raox THI AVSSIAN.) We, Nicola. 1., Emperor and Autocrat of all the Russias, King of Poland, &c., publicly proclaim: By our manifesto, given the 14th day of June, of the current year, we made known to our well-beloved and faithful subjects the causes which moved us to demand of the Porte a firm (secure) guaranteo for the future of the sacred rights of the orthodox elaurch. We also informed them that all our endeavours to incline the Porte, by measures of friendly persna sios, to a feeling of justice, and to a conscientious observance of treaties, remained unavailing; in conse quence of which we recognised the necessity of moving our armies into the Danubian principalities Nevertheless in taking this step we still preserved the hope that the Porte, in acknowledgment of its errors, would decide on carrying out our just de mands. Our expectations have been dispppointed. In vain even have the principal European Powers en deavoured by their exhortations to shake the obdurate obstinacy of the Turk;sh government. To the pacific efforts of Europe, to our long forbearance, she has answered by a declaration of war, and a proclamation full of lying denunciations against Russia. Finally, receiving into the ranks of her armies the seditious of all nations, the Porte has already commenced warlike movements on the Danube. Russia is called forth to the contest; it remains only for her, placing her trust in God, to have recourse to force of arms, that she may compel the Porte to an observance of treaties, and satisfac tion for the insults with which she has answered our most moderate demands, and our just solicitude for the defence in the East of that orthodox faith which is professed by the Russian people. We are firmly persuaded that our faithful subjects will unite with us in fervent prayer to the Almighty that his right hand may bleu the arms we raise in a holy and just cause—a cause which has always found zealous defenders in our blessed ancestors. " Lord, in Thee have I put toy trust, let me never be confounded." Given at Tsarskce Selo, this 20th day of October, in the year of our Lord 1833, and of our reign the 28th. (Signed) NICOLAS. Nov. 5. Fresh military levies are being raised in Egypt. The son of Abbas Pacha hu been named Minister of War. BUCHAREST, 0cr.31. The governing council of Boyards appointed by the Hospodar has been cautioned by Gortschakoff not to doanything to provoke the anger of the Czar. Persons spreading false rumours are to be hanged off hand, and without trial. VIENNA, TUURSDLY EvElmo The following conditions are insisted on in an ultimatum presented by Omer Pacha to Prince Gortachakoff: 1 "All the strong places in the Principalities to be given into the hands of the Turks immediately; the complete evacuation of the Principalities as speedily as possible, and a guarantee of all the Powers against similar invasion." Prince Ghika arrived at Czernowitz on the 4th, and will remain there for a time, to watch the pro gress of events. The Bourse to-day has closed at the following prices:—Five per Cent. Nietalliques, 92 9-16. Ex change on London, 11.8. Bank Shares, 1,318. BERLIN, Nov. 8. The 'frets:: Zeitung contains a denial by the British Minister of the statements of the Augsburg Gazette respecting cruelties alleged to have been prac ised by the Turks on Christians at Constantinople. It is stated, on good authority, that the French government has decided in council that 25,000 men shall be sent to Turkey, if the Emperor of Russia should persist in a course of aggression, or demand pecuniary indemnity as the condition of his discon tinuing it. No order has been given by the Minister of War on the subject. The sending or not sending of a body of troops will depend partly on the state of affairs on the Danube, and partly on the despatches from General Baraguay d'Hillien. It will be only when pacific means shall be no longer availing that it will make still more open manifestations than the sending of the fleet through the Dardanelles. RUSSIA AND TURKEY. The following, according to the Lloyd, is an exact copy of the reply of Prince Gortschakoff to the first letter of Omer Pacha, concerning which many con• tradictory statements have been made : Bucharest, 10th October. Monsieur le Machir,—l have the honour to inform your Excellency that I received, on the 9th of October, the letter which you addressed to me, dated on the Bth. Without entering into any examination of that communi cation, I think it my duty to inform your Excellency that I have so power from his Majesty the Emperor, my muter, to treat of peace, of war, or of the evacuation of the Princi palities by the troops confided to my command. Receive, Monsieur le Mackie, the assurance of my high copal aeration, GORTICHAILOFF. _ . To his Excellency Omer Pasha. An organ of the French government states autho ritatively that the forces of Russia in Wallachia number only 40,000 men, many of whom are suffer ing from sickness. The Steele says:—" The general plan of Omer Pacha's operations now begins to be pretty plainly perceptible. The left wing of his army, supported by a tete de pont at Widdin, will occupy Little Wal lachia, advancing by Craiova ; the centre will be at Giurevo ; the right wing at Olteoitsa. When the left wing, having fortified its rear, shall be in a posi tion easily to communicate with the centre, the army will make a general movement upon Bucharest. Then Prince Gortschakoff will be compelled either to accept a general battle, or to retire into Moldavia to wait for reinforcements, which, as we are assured, cannot be brought into line in less time than six weeks." The Journal de Franefort, which frequently re ceives communications from Berlin and Vienna haviog a semi-official origin, has an article dated Berlin, Nov. 6, in which it is stated that the Porte has been commended by Lord Stratford de Redcliffe to accept the note of Vienna, or an equivalent, on condi- , tion of receiving . from the ambassadors of the four posers a note, signed by their governments, and referring to the declaration of the five powers in 1841, that they desire to protect the sovereign rights of the Sultan, and to consolidate the peace of his empire. It is considered by the British cabinet, says the Journal de Fratufort, that this note in common by the four powers ought to tranquillise the Porte, and to be regarded by it as a guarantee for the future. We are told that France has approved of the proposition, but that it is by no menus certain that Austria and Prussia will consent to sign the note suggested by England. Although the Czar's declara tion of war has cut all these friendly attempts at arrangement into the shade, any positive assertion respecting the secret workings of diplomacy must be of interest. As, moreover, war cannot be a perma nent state of things, and new negotiations must have a starting point, the last propositions made by mediating power may have a more than historical interest. A Berlin letter of the 6th, in the Post And Gazette of Frankfort, says :—" We can contradict the rumour that has been current of a Congress in London. It is equally untrue that the Russian Ambassador in London had expressed an opinion favourable to such a course. It has never in fact been suggested to him." A letter from Constantinople, 27th ult., in the Dgbats, says: "Constantinople continues to enjoy the most perfect tranquillity ; the salaries of the func tionaries and the pay of the army are regularly kept up. The famous Smyrna brigand, Yanut Cattergi, is to be brought to Constantinople for trial. It is pre tended here that this bandit could not hare so long maintained himself unless he had been one of the chiefs of the secret societies organised at Smyrna, under the inspiration of Itusaia. It is the hope of being able to find material proof of this fact that has led to the idea of bringing him here for trial." The Press says : All negotiations between the European Powers upon the Eastern question are broken off. The Czar professes now to be solely occupiel with the design of wiping Of the dis grace of his defeat. No reinforcements of consequence can reach Prince Gortschakoff before next spring; yet, until with his present, or additional forces, be can . repair the disasters which the liumians have sustained, the discussion even of the preliminaries of peace is postponed. In the meantime, there is no pretence whatever for the rumours that the Czar has evioced any disposition to accede to pr. pisdls for a conference on the subject of his difference with the Porte; and it is to the last degree improbable that, it, any contingent'', he will consent to such conference at London or Pans. FRANCE. .- PALMS, FRIDAY EVINING. The Russian manifesto is considered a shade less warlike than the telegraphic account of its purport led one to expect. The absence of any expression di rectly offensive to France and Eugland is par:i cularly remarked. Indeed, it might be assumed from the wording of the manifesto that the principal Powers of Europe had expressed an opinion that the Czar was altogether in the right. They are repre sented as having sought in vain to overcome the " blind obstinacy" of the Ottoman government, and the fact that the two Western Powers stand pledged to support the Sultan in that blind obstinacy is studiously ignored. The assertion that the Porte had enrolled in the ranks of its army revolutionists from all countries, although notoriously untrue, may be construed as reminder to the French Emperor that he has a common interest with the Czar in keeping down the revolution ary spirit. Upon the whole the proclamation, abstaining as it does from any allusion to the demon stration made by the limb , ' betrays a wholesome fear of the allies of Turkey, and ►n anxiety to bee the theory of "localised war," which was at one time so strenuously advocated by the French newspapers, complacently accepted. From the monthly returns of the Bank of France it appears that the metallic reserve has diminished in Paris 381 millions, and in the branch banks 11 millions. fho discount accommodation has in creased 6 millions in Paris and 9 millions in the departments. The advances on public se curities have increased half a million in Paris, and one-quarter of a million in the provinces. The advances on railway shares and bonds show au advance of 1t millions in Paris, and a falling off of 1 million in the branch banks. On the side of the liabilities, the notes in circulation hate declined 31 millions in Paris, and 1 million in the departments. The account current of the treasury has declined .5! millions, and those of private individuals 19 millions in Paris and 6 millions in the provinces. Thu whole amount of the metallic reserve is at present 331 millions, to 6051. millions of notes in circulation. INDIA AND CHINA. THE OVERLAND MAIL. We have received our despatches from India and China by the Overland Mail. The dates are : Calcutta, October 4; Bombay, October 14 ; Ilurmah, September 17; and Hong Kong, September 27. The following is our Bombay Correspondent's letter : BOMBAY, Ocr. 14. The Right Ron. Lord and Lady Falkland, and their staff, left Poona on the 4th, and reached Maba buleshwar on the 6th inst.,—the Lord Bishop and Mrs. Harding having preceded them by a few hours. There the noble and right reverend lords in tend enjoying themselves for a season, leaving care and anxiety to others not so fortunate as them selves. Lord Fitzclarence and his staff left Poona for Poorundhur on the 10th, where his lordship however only remains a few days, his visit being as much one of business as of pleasure, he having gone up the hill to inspect the sanatorium and the site selected for a hospital by Dr. Kellie. Dr. Ban, of the 10th husears,formerly personal surgeon to the right honour able the Governor, now lies in an alarming state at Poona, his disease being paralysis of the whole of the lower extremities: it is not expected that he will ever again rise from his bed. Dr. R. De C. Peele, just returned from Australia, has been appointed surgeon to the Governor in room of Dr. Ross, and has proceeded to the hills to assume his duties. Lieu tenant-General Staveley, now Commander-in-Ch:ef of the Madras army, quitted Poona under a chief's salute on the 10th, and reached Bombay on the 12,111. He starts for Madras by the steamer on the 16th. It is not yet quite certain who succeeds him in com mand of the Poona Division ; it will lie between Sir H. Somerset and Brigadier General Schuler, the former being now in command of the Scinde, the latter of the southern division. A melancholy and heart-rending occurrence has just taken place, which has cast a gloom over society in general, and nothing perhaps has happened for a long time which has caused so great a sensation. Mr. A. Malet, Chief Secretary to the government, and his wife and in fant child, left Bombay on the 6tb, in the Steamer Achilles, on their way to the Hills, he having been directed to proceed thither as secretary in attendance on the Governor. When oft Baokote, the entire family left the steamer, and proceeded in a bunder boat for the mouth of the river, up which they were to ascend to a place called Mbar. There are two entrances to this river, into one of which boats cannot get unless at the higest spring tides—the other is accessible at all times with perfect safety. It being dark, the boatmen took the wrong channel, the boat struck on the bar and immediately sunk. Mrs. Malet, her infant child, the ayab, and nearly every soul on board, including all the househould ser vants, were drowned. Mr. Malet reached the shore clinging to a spar, and the lifeless body of his ill fated wife was brought to land by a few boatmen : the body of the infant and those of the other persons drowned have never been recovered. BENGAL AND THE NORTH-WEST PROVINCES. It seems uncertain when the Governor General will proceed on his contemplated visit to Rangoon and the Eastward. Sir W. Gomm was at Simla, and for all the good he appears to be, might as well be at Kamtskatka. The Hon. Col. Low took his seat at the Supreme Council Board on the 22nd ult. Simul taneously with the arrival of last mail, announcing the appointment of the Hon. Mr. 'llomason to the Governorship of Madras, arrived the news of his death—he died at Bareilly at 5.30 A.M. on the 27th of September. He had long been ailing, and was attacked os the 23th by the disease which in three short days terminated his existence; he had remained " a year too long " in India, and now re mains for ever. The administration of the govern ment of the North-west Provinces by the decealed was eminently successful and beneficial to the people, and his death is looked on sea great public calamity. The barque Cecilia, from Calcutta to Rangoon, foundered off Moyapore on the 20th Sept. Sho had on board a miscellaneous cargo, and a large quantity of coals belonging to government. Dr. St. John, inspector-general of her Majesty's hospitals in Ben gal, died on the 12th ult., at Umballa, and has been hold. i s n ucceed g a ed iike tem ap po po ra in ri t l m y e b n yi a l t h.. m D id awso ras. T n h o i :v oitet, is not, however, to quit the presidency where he is now serving. 1)r. Bo le of the 60th ltifles is to conduct the Inspector-General's duties ita' Bengal till the nomination from home of a successor t o the late Dr. St. John. The treasury of Fort William seems to have become drained of lute, for We find som e 500,0001. in specie lately despatched from Mad ra ,. and more than half that sum f rom Bomber. Private intelligence of something having (recurred at Peshawur was received in Calcutta two day s before any official notice of C o l one l Mackeson's murder reached the government —a fact not at all creditable to the authorities. The ship Bengal was lost off Calcutta on the _god September, n ear Baboo's Ghaut : her chain hud somehow got athwa r t her stern and tore it away ; and as the water was rushing into her, she was hauled to the shore, where she now lies a wreck. The City of Poona will, it appears, be got off the shore at the Sandheads, and those who purchased the wreck will thus make a good thing of it. MADRAS. Sir It. Armstrong was atllangalo , e on the 20th ult., and was about to repair to Madras to be present when General Staveley arrived from Bombay to take over the command of the army from him. Generally speaking, Sir Richard seems to have been well liked during the time he has been at the head of the Madras army; he never was considered fit fur the office, but he has had excellent advisers, and 'has rubbed on smoothly, and been but little censured, Capt. G. C. Dickinson, of the 24th N. 1., died at Sanoor ou the 24th September, much regretted by his lire ther officers. Some fresh murders have been co rn . mitted by the 111olhalis, near Mallia , ooram, the murderers escaping for a time, but being subse quently shot or cut down by the police sent after them. These dastardly assassinations are always called outbreaks, and the penny-a-liners on the coast no doubt rejoice at the opportunity they furnish for shoving off' their knowledge of English. En s i gn A. Grant, I I th N. 1., died ou the lath Sept., of cholera, while with his corps on their way to their new ste. tion. Lieut. and Adjt. G. H.:G. Watson, 19th N. 1., died at Rangoon on the Bth August last; and Brevet Major J. Shepherd, 2nd European L. 1., Acting Ami n . rant Commissary-general of Malabar and Canara, at Cannanore, on the 30th Sept. Sir R. Armstrong goes home by the Barham in December next. SCINDE. We have little or nothing to record now-a-days from Young Egypt. Captain Follett, 'Assistant Adjutant-General Scinde, is now at Bombay on leave. The Kurrachee Church will not be finished before September next. Mr. Iteßasis, C.S., has been appointed collector of Hydrabad, in succession to Capt. ltathborne, gone home. In a short time it seems likely the civil 'service will supply all the collectors for this pro vince. The old hero Napier thought military men better fitted for the office. The crops throughout the country would, it was feared, not be so abundant this season as last, owing to the Indus having fallen before the usual time. The troops and people were healthy,—the weather comfortable. The tail of dew at night was very heavy, resembling that in the valley of the Nile. AFFGHANISTAN AND CENTRAL ASIA. In the Delhi Gazelle of the 28th September the following important intelligence appears. Whether or not any dependence is to be placed on it remains to be seen :—" Letters from Cabul received this :waning mention a report that a Itussiau army hav ing advanced within ten marches of Oorgunge. the capital of Khiva. The Khan of Khiva and the King of Bliokhara had taken the field with their respective forces to resist the enemy, and were, at the date of our advices, two marches this side of Oorgungs. The avowed object of the Russians is said to be the conquest of the country." A reward of 300/. has been offered for the appre. hension of any of the accomplices of Colonel Macke son's murderer, but hitherto without success. Mean while the precaution is being taken of reinforcing the garrison at Peshawur. H. M. 22nd foot. the 7th Irre gular Cavalry, and the 4th N. 1.. left Rawul Pindee for that station on the 25th ult. The 9th Irregulars take the place of the 7th Raw ul l'indee, and the station of Jelum is to be strengthened by a corps of irregu lars and one of native infantry. One of H. Nl.'s regiments will march from Wuzeerahad or Sealkote to the frontier, and the 87th Royal Irish Fusiliers are to quit Ferozepore for It rwul Pindee on the 23th November. In December 11. M.'s rith King's leaves Deesa for Agra,—ao that it woud seem something is likely to be in view on the frontier during the ensuing cold weather. BURNIAII. News from Burmah comes down to the llth ult. from Rangoon, and to the 14th from Prome. This, I am sorry to say, is of a disheartening character, tending to throw blame on our authorities for remissness here and harshness there, and overweening confidence everywhere. The chief, lleah Toon, had again appeared on the stage with:4,ooo troops, and two other chiefs,:with upward, of 6,000 followers, were reported to be within four marches of Rangoon, which they had said they intended attacking. Brigadier Dickinson, with the left wing 10th N.I. in,two steamers, had gone up the river to watch the enemy, and if possible get at them; but what 400 men could be expected to accomplish against 4,000 does seem rather strange. The force in the country seems inadequate to the duties required of it, and should be reinforced before worse comes of it. A portion of the Arracan Battalion had been sent up the Ilenzadah, as this was the place on which the Dacoits seemed to have placed their longing eye; and, after destroying it, they are reported to in tend extending their depredations downwards as far as Rangoon itself. The country about Prome has been overrun with plunderers, and is in as unsettled a state as it possibly can be. The war party at Ana is reported to be again in the ascendant, and the King himself is believed to be anything but averse to a renewal of hostilities in an underhand way through the Dacoits, who swarm and infest the country. The brother of the Ring, the heir app.- rent, is reported by the Friend of India to be enlist jug troops in Ava. Lord Dalhousie will, it is now reported, proceed directly to Rangoon personally to learn the real facts of the case. The people around l'rome are said to be dying of starvation, owing to their crops and their homes having been destroyed by the Deceits. The troops, both European and native, arc heartily disgusted with the country. 'Mere are only 800 men at Rangoon, and the guard had been withdrawn from Dallah ;—and it was feared the paucity of troops would encourage the marauders to make an attack on the stockade. The district of Bassein was perfectly quiet and free from Dacoits. Captain Brown, a merchant of Akyab, had died at Penang. A Chamber of Commerce had been organised at Rangoon, consisting of Messrs. Grant, Hannay, Hay, Cross, Godfrey, Fowle, Johnstone, Fowler, and C. M. Crisp. Some heavy ordnance had been received at Moulmein, and been sent to diffe rent posts. FURLOUGHS, &C GRANTED TO OFFICERS IN THE ARMIES OF INDIA SINCE DEPARTURE OF MAIL Or 28211 SEPT. 18.53. 11. M's. TROOPB.—Lieut. W. J. Biddle, 31st Light Inf.; Captain A. .1. Garnett, Bth Foot; Ensign It. T. F. Hamilton, 10th Foot (Mauritius) ; Capt. W. F. Lea, bith Foot; Cornet C. Sewell, 15th Hussars. 131MIBAT.—Lient. E. Bate, 7th Itvgt. N. 1.; Lieut. W. F. liolbrow, 12th Regt. N. 1 ; Lieut. It. A. Morse, Artil lery; Lieut. (Brevet Capt.) North, Engineers; Assist. Surg-on J. E. Stock,. MADRAS.—Eugiga D. T. Barnard, 52nd Regt. N. 1.; Lieut. A. R. Clephane, 24th Regt. N.I ; Lieut. T. E. Gahagan, 2nd Engineers ; Capt. H. C. King, 6th Light Cavalry; W. B Thompson, Surgeon BSA 13.11.L.—StageOn C. G. Andrevri; Capt. H. F. Duns ford, 59 h Regt N I.; Lieut. W.D rioste, 55th Regt. Lieut. Hugh Ward Saunders, 7th Light Cavalry; Cornet I John Boyd Saunders, 9th Light Wary. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. REPORT ON THE tiZPTEMBEIL 28 TO OCTOBER 13, 1853. We have little change to report in the state of the Money Market since our last. Money continues to be ()binned on easy terms, though we think it is likely to b come more valuable ore long. In Government Secu.ities the principal transactions have been in 4 per cent. piper, which advanced to 3 per cent. premium shortly after the appears nee of the No tific.atiuu closing the Loan 01 1842.43 for cosh subscriptions, but this high rate has not hem maintained, and we now quote it at 21. The prices of Joint Stock Bank Shares have rather receded, and we now quote them—Sant of Bomha y r 41 per cent. prem. ; Oriental Bank Corporation, 86 ; Com mercial Bank, 32; Agra Bank, 42. I ei re has been very little doing since the date of our last 1n ket report, and the scarcity of rain in ?deriver and some of the adjacent pro vinces is considerably felt. The Gulf traders not yet having arrived in any number, the Mohan= festival nose