The Express. — London, England, 1851-12-15 00:00:00

the enpleynent of a public navel to convey to this I tug .. thy Kol6llth and his associates in c iptintv. The inatraction above referred to was complied with, :mil the Turkish government barn- released Governor Kossuth and MS companions from wino:, on the loth of September 1, 4 , elegy solharked en board of the United States steam frigate Nissi"iepi, :tieh was ~lotted to carry into dint the resolution of l'oagress. Governor Kossuth left the ..t Gibraltar, for the purpose of leaking a visit to England, and may shortly he expected in New yeni. By enantunkt tints to the department of state kc has 'apeman! his grateful acknowledgments for the in tapadtien of this governin nit in behalf of himself and his a .usrt..tesi This country has been justly wattled as ait de ilium for Uwe inure political crew.; ham) sadod Irma their owa liaises in Europe; and it is recommended to Congress to consul r is what manner Governor Kossuth lnel hie ,eupanima, brought hilhir by its authority, sha:l he remived atoll treated. It is earnestly to be hoped that the differences which have fa some time past been pending between the gas, morn% of th.. French republic and that of the Sandwich Islands, 22 . 4 be peaceably and dumbly adjusted, so as to twine the nolepeadenee o those islands. Long before tLc events shi.h ham of late imparted s i mucli importance to the po. • ...ions of the United Stites in the Pacific, we ae.,:now lida,,l the independence of the Idiwairan government. Th,. government was first in taking that step, anti several of tae. ksding powers of Europe immediately followed. We wise intieencs ., l la this measure by the existing and pros pet tier importance of the islands as a pl..ce of refuge and nip ..hisimit for our yowls engaged in the whale ttshsry, and by the com,ideration that they lie in the course of the m a trade which must at no distant day be carried on he tws_n the sr.-stern mast of North America and Asi a . Wiqwcre also iodinated by a desiro that those islands should out pa-a under the control of any ender great mari time stab, but sin old remain in an independent condition, sad ai be accessihl • and usefal to the commerce of all I need not say that the importance of these con sisters:ems has fern rosily enhanced by the sudden and tact d eer i., i .nient *bleb the interests of time United Stat,s bare sttaito el is Clllll ornia and Ore eon ; an d the policy h e reb.ferea.loptcd in regard loftiest islands will be stealily paroled. It ... gratifying not only to those who consider the tom menial Inten , :i 4 nations, but also to all who foe, ur the pee-gni./ of knosh.i.e and the diffusion of religion, to ~ c a , 41 :toss a savage state and attain sue% a decree of delis 'non in those distant seas. I• Is much to be deplomil that the intirnal tranquillity of tF N!. swat. remeldic should attain be scri-us4 disturlied; f0r..., en peace between that retsblie and the tn:ted y. A . It I enjoyed such comparative repose th it the must eowipattens fo- the future might, with a de r, , ..t.ounlynce, hove been indulged. These, however, hv. n thwarted by the recent outer ,•ic in the state of T..l.lalipa., on the right hunk of the Rio Ilrovn. Having en ,,,e 1 mforwation that i.crsons nom the United States had token tart in the ineormetion, and apprehending that ir sample might be followed by others, I mused orders t Is. i-U4tl fur the park of preventing ony boon^ Pal.- sinco.s .ureirst Mes.eo from being set on foot in viol ttion of the lass of the United States. 1 lik, , wiso issued a Kochi ?A.:am upca tie subject, a copy of which is herewith Liid bef )on. Thi. appeared to be rendered iinperative by the o's'.;rattoss of mat .. and the genosi duties of good usigh bouritessi. In me la' annual menearte I intermit Congrcs; that MU : ns of . the l'hited States hnd undertaken the connection of the two oe....uts by incur., of a railway acroe. the Isthmus of 7 hue:ilk-pre, miler a grunt of the Mexican government to 3 ritixea of that republic ; and that this enterprise would proleati:y prosecuted with. nerpry whco:ver MeiVeo should esu.sur to sorb stipulatioas witn the government of the Star as should impart a feelitor of s-curity to those who sheidl hoist their jnegerty in the enterprise. A eonn.ution between the two governments for the ac templi-!ain at of that end has been ratified by this govern. mid. and only awaits the decision of the Congress and the istrovin of that repoblic. Nan, we've• fled difficulties and delays have arisen in reihcat:on of that convention by Mexico, but it is to be fe -tted that her deeisioo will be governed by just soden .• veiled views, u well of the general importanek of the •vf her own interests unit obligations. ju n ....fining upon this important subject, this govern ra, • ; bad in view one, and only one ohjeet. Ti,at ob ject V... L,en , tool is, the construction and attainmut o: a pi....ere from ocean to «ran, the shortest and the lust for tras-Aers and merehandi,..., and equally open to all the world. It has sought to obtain no territorial acquivition nor aay advantages p..-eutiar to itself ; audit woubl with the ;to at.d r:..rret, that 'Af,xico should oppose any obstacle tote., ..ccemplishment of an enterprise which promises so maim 1 1 enovenlenee to the whole comm. rcial world, and such in.M. nt adrautnees to Meeks, hers. If. Impressed with Co • uriments and these cotivetions, the government wiil cemieue to exert cU roper efforts to bring ahead th. fleece • ..erangement with the Republic of Meiji* fur the • nen:dation of the work. Vir ...MC 'smiths past the Republic of Xicaragna has 1.. th, theatre of um., of th,..se civil convulsions, from • the cau..e of five institutions, and the general pros perity and social progress of the titans of Central America, b.% •sa Oltv!I and so seven ly surf, red. Ludt quiet shall r stored, and a government apparently stuble shi'l hose ',/,'oll organised, no totratire can rrudently Made is dispo.ing of the questions jeendin4 between the two coantries. I am happy to announce that an in!er-oct mic commtni cation from the mouth of the St. John to the Pact& has been a 0 far aeconip , ished vs that pai,, tigers have actually !ravened it, and mereannl,.e has Len traugported over it; and when the canal ',hull .v.• been eempleted according to the original plan, the mean, of communicati.m will be tur they roved. It is uudenitvoil that a considerable part of the railroad an... the Isthninv of l'unona ha, been completed, and that the mail and yaasengery will in future be conveyed thereon. Whir iever of the several routes between the two oceans m ultimately prove mod eligible fur the travelers to and froM the different stat.. ow the Atlantic and Oulf of Mex ico, and our coot ou the Pacific, there is little reason to th a t all of them will bo useful to the public, and will liberally reward that individual enterprise, by which a:. or they hams beat or are expected to be carried into Peace has been concluded between contending parties in the isle id of St. Domingo, and it is hoped upon a durable Leis Such is the • :tent of our COUILII.2f el el reLe.iuris with that island, that the l'nitral States cannot fail to feel a strong interest in its tranquillity. The once of Commissioner to China remains unfilled; arum- rd persona have been appointed, awl the place has been eared to others, all of whom have declined its acceptance, on the ground of the inadequacy of the compensation. The mie.ial allowance I:y law is hi,ooo dole., and there is no pro vision foe any outfit. I earnestly recommend the considera tions of this subject to Congress. Our commerce with China is I ighly important, and is becoming more and more so, in eu,scitu, nee of the increasing intercourse between our ports on the Pacific Coast and Ea.tens Asia. China is understood to be a country in which living is very expensive, and I boot no reason why the American Commissioner sent thi th,r should not be placed, an regard to compensation, on an ccual footing with ministers who represent this counts,' at e..arts of Europe. By reference to the report of the Secretary of the Trea sury. it will be seen that the agzregate rec,"ipts for the last Is, al year amounted to 52,312,919 dots. 147 e.; which, with the ILilance in the treasury on the lot July, 1&30, (SIR as th, available means for the year, the sum of 38,917,%24 doh 34;c. 'I le. total expenditures for tho samo period were .0.0.L078 dots. 6&. 7h. total imports ter the year ending 30th June, 18. I , were 01 w:lich there were in specie The sports (or the same period were 217,517,130 deli. Ot which there wcre of ;;Ci;;;dects7.:: 178,540,535 dolt. foreign goods re-ex ported 0,738,091 dole. bp, tie 29,231,880 doll. 217,517,130 dole. Since the Ist of December last the payments in cash on acroint of the public debt, exclusive of interest, have amounted to 7,501,4.16 dole. 54k. ; which, however, includes the 'um of 3,242,100 dots. paid under the 12th article of the treaty with Mexico, and the further sum of 2,591,213 dole. 1.", e , ing the amount of awards to American citizens under the' late Wily with Mexico, fur which the issue of stock was authorised, but which was paid in cash from the Treasury. The public debt un the 20th ultimo, exclusive of the stock authorised to be i-sueil to Texas by the act of 9,h Septem ber, lbA, was 62,160,305 dots. 26e. The receipts for the neat fiscal year are estimated at 51,8.00,000 d o t s ., w hi c h , w i t h the probable unappropriated balanc e in the Treasury, on the 30th June next, will give, a. the probable available means for that year, the sum of 63,2:04,473 dots. It has been deemed proper, in view of the large expendi ture. consequent upon the acquisition of territory from Mexii o, that the estimates fur the next fiscal year should be laid before Congress in such manner as to distinguish th , expenditures so required from the otherwise ordinary demands upon the Treasury. The total expenditures for the next fiscal year are esti mated at 42,b92.299 dots. 19e., of which there is required for the onlinary purposes of the Government, other than those conseque,t upon the acquisition of our new territo ries, and deducting the payments on account of the public debt, the sum of 33,313,193 dots. 8 e. ; and for the purposes eonriected directly or indirectly with those territories, and in the fulfiluicut of the obligations of the Government, con tracted in consequence of their acquisition, the sum of 9,519,101 dots. 11 c. If the views of the secretary of the Treasury in reference to the expenditure required for these territories shall be met byrorresponding action on the part of Congress, and appro priations made in accordance therewith, there will be an estimated unappropriated balance on the 30th of June, 12+,3, of 20,366,443 doll. 90c., wherewith to meet that por tion of the public debt due on the first July following, suneuntiog to 6,237,931 dohs. 35e., as well as any appropn- LL which may be made beyond the estimates.. lu thus referring to the estimated expenditures en accou4t of our at wly.acquired territories, I may express the lope that Congress will concur with me in the desire that a likral course of policy may be pursued toward them, and that every obligation, express or implied, entered into in 030 secluence of their, acquisition, shall be fulfilled by the n 0,4 liberal appropriations for that purpose. The value of our domestic exports for the last fiscal year, as compared with those of the previous year, exhibit an inerrase of 13,616,322 dolt. At first view this condition of , me trade with f ore i gn nations would seem to presentthe i meat flattering hopes of its future prosperity. An elimina tion of the details of our exports, however, will show that thy increased value of our exports fur the last fiscal year is to be found in the high price of cotton which prevailed daring the first half of that )car, which price has once declined about °eclair. The value of our export+ of breadstuff+ end provisions, which it was supposed the incentive of a low tariff and large impertations from abroad would have greatly augmented, has fallen from ge,761,92111015., in 1847, to 26.041,373 dots. is 1850, and to 21,916,61 i dols., in 1841. with a strong pro bability, amounting almost to a certainty, of a still Pinker reduction in the current year. The aggregate values of rice exported during the last fiscal 68 coapared with the previous year, also exhibit a automating to 460,917 0.06., which, with a decline In the values of the exports of tobacco for the same period, make an aggregate &crease in these two articles of 1,156,751 dots. The policy which dictated a low rate of duties on foreign Merchandise, it was thought by those who promoted and established it, would tend to be at fit the farming population of this country, by increasing the demand and rai,ing the price of agricuitural products in foreign markets. The foregoing facts, however, sam to show incontestibly that nu such result Ims followed the adoption of this policy. Oa the contrary, notwithstanding the repeal of the resttic i dye corn laws of England, the foreign demand for the pro ' ducts of the American farmer has steadily declined, since the short crops and consequent famine in a portion of Europe have been happily realaced by full crops and com parative abundance ot food. It will bo seen by recurring to the commercial statistics for the past year that the value of our domestic exports has been increased in the single it,m of rawcottnn by 10,000,000 dollars ..ta the value of that extort for the y, ar preceding. This is not due to any inerewal general demand for that article, but to the short crop of the preceding year. Should the cott,a crop now going to: ware. to market Is, only equal in qttawity to that of the year preceding, and he sold a t the present prie'.s, then titer: would be a falling oaf in the value of our exports for the pnan ut fiscal year of at least 40,00) o',') d 01.., compared with i.e amount exported for the year er.r.ng 33th June, The production of gold in California for the past year seems to promise a large supply o: that metal from that quarter tar some time to come. This large anuttal increase of the currency of the world must Ito attended with itr %mai results. These have been already partially cli,clormi in the enhancement of prices atria risiog spirit of speculation and adventure, tending to overtrading us well at home r.s Ahmed. Unless some salutary cheek shall be given to the tendencies it is to be feared that importations of foreign goods beyond a healthy demand in thi• country will lead to a sudden drain of the precious metuls from us, brining with it, as it has done in former timer, the most die:Arius con sequence* to the business and capital of the _American people. rite exports of specie to liquidate our foreign debt during the past lisral year have been 21,203,9;0 dol.. over the amount of specie import( d. The exports of specie during the first qua:ter of the prerut fiscal year hate been 14,041, 1 +27 dale. Should specie continue to be exported at this rate for the remaining three quarters of this year, it will drain from our metallic currency during the fear cod ing 30th June, I Vr2, the enormous amount of 58,17,3,18 dots. In the present prosperous condition of tire national finance.,, it will becorue the duty cf Congress to ermaider the beet mode of paying rtif the:pa:die debt. If the present and anticipate l surplus in ti.c 'Treasury should oat be ab sorbed by appropriations of an extraordinary character, thia surplu: should b.- t mpP.yed in such way, and under such restrictions, as Congress may enact, in extinguishing the outstanding debt of the nation. By reference to the “et of Congre. , s approved oth Septem ber, 1850, it will be seen tl at, ire consideration of eertaiu C'HICOSSIOIIII by the state of Texas, it is provided that the " United States shall pay to the state of Texas the sum of ten ;millions of dollars, in a stock bearing fire per rent. interest, and redeemable at t!to tail of fourteen years, the interest payable ha:f-yearly at the Treasury of the Unit,l States." a -----. In the same section of the law it is further provided ° that no more than five millions of the said stock shall be is sued until the creditors of the state holding beads rind other certifleates of stock of Tes et, for w!..elt duties on import* were specially pledged, skill first file at the Trea sury of the United Mates reicasee of all claim. against the tinted State", for or ou aceetiut of said bonds, or certi ficates, in such feria as shall be prescribed by the Secre tary of the Treastu y, and approves by the ?resident of the United States." The form of release thus provided for has been pre scribed by the Secretary of the Treasury and unproved. It Las been punished in all the leading newspaper. in the commercial cities of the United States, and all persons hold ing claims of the kind specified in the foregoing proviso were required to file their releases (in the form thus pre scribed) in the Treasury of thu tuited States, en or before the bit day of October, 1831. Although this rubacation hss been co:dinned from the 15th day of March, illl, yet u, to the lot of October last compandively fe.v releaaes had been tiled by the creditor* of Texas. The authorities of the state of Texas, at the request of the Secretary oldie Treasury, have furuiel.ed a selteeinle of the public debt of that state created prier to her admission into the Vision with a copy of the laws under which cacti chess was contracted. I have, from documents furnished by the &tete of Texas, determined the classes of claims which in my juelainent fall within the provisions of the e r t of Congress of 'the 9th of September, le3d. Ou bring officially informed of the acceptance by Texas of the propositions endaiutil in the act referred to, I caused the stock to he prepared, and the live millions which are to be Issued unconditionally. bearitas an interest of five per emit. from the l,t day of January, 1851, have been for some limo ready to be delivered to the state of Texas. The au thorities of Texas, up to the present time, have not autho rised any one to receive the stuck, and it remains in the treasury departmeut, subject to the order of Texas. The releases, required by law to be deposited in the trea sury, not having been filet there, the remaining five mil lions have not been issues). This last amount el the stock will be withheld from Texas until the condi ions upon which it is to be delivered shall be complied with by the creditors of that State, unless Congress shall otherwise direct by a modification of the law. In my last annual message, to which I respectfully refer, I stated luridly the reasons which induced me to recommend a modification of the prevent tariff, by converting the ad valorem into a specific duty, wherever the article imported WOO of such a Character as to permit it, and that such 3 dis criminatien should be made, ha favour of the industrial pur suits of our own country, as to encourage home production without excluding foreign competition. The numerous frauds which continue to be practised upon the revenue, by false invoices and undervaluations, consti tute an unanswerable reason fer adopting specific instead of ad valorem duties in all vises where the nature of the commodity does not forbid it. A striking illustration of these frauds will be exhibited in the Report of the Secre tary of the Treasury, shooing the custom-house valuation of articles imported under a former law subject to specific duties, when there was no iudueement to under-valuation, and the custom-house valuation of the same articks, under the present system of tat trawl In duties, so greatly reduced as to leave no doubt of the existence of the most flagrant abuses under the existing law. This practical evasion of the present law, combitied with the languishing condition of some of the great interests of the country, caused by over importations and consequent depressed prices, sod with the failure in obtaining a foreign market fur our increasing surplus of breadstuff , and provisions, has induced me again to recommend a modification of the existing tariff. The report of the Secretary of the Interior, which ac companies this communication, will present a condensed statement of the operations of that important department of the government. It will be seen that the cash sales of the public lends ex ceed those of the preceding year, and that there is reason to anticipate a still further increase, notwithstanding the large donations which have been made to many of thestates, and the liberal grants to individuals as a reward for milt- Lary services. This fact furnishes very gratifying evidence of the growing wealth and prosperity of our country. Suitable measures have been adopted for commencing' the suruey of the public lands in California and Oregon. Surveying parties huve been organised, and some progress has been made in establishing the principal base and meri dian lines. But further legislation and additional appro- priations will be necessary before the proper subdivisions can be made, and the general land system extended over those remote parts of our territory. On the 3rd of Meech last an act was passed providing for the appointment of three commissioners to settle private land claims in California. Three persons were immediately appointed, all of whom, however, declined accepting the office, in consequence of the inadequacy of the compensa tion. Others were promptly selected, who, for the same reason, also declined; and it was not until late in the sea son that the services of suitable persons could be secured. A majority of the commissioners convened in this city on the loth of September last, when detailed instructions were given to them in regard to their duties. Their first meeting for the transaction of business will be held in San Francisco on the Bth day of the present month. I have thought it proper to refer these facts, not only to explain the causes of the delay in filling the commission, but to call your attention to the propriety of increasing the compensation of the commissioners. The office is one of great labour and responsibility, and the .ompensation should be such as to command men of Ogee order of talents and the most unquestionable integrity. The proper disposal of the mineral lands of California is a subject surrounded by great difficulties. In my last annual message I recommended the survey and sale of them in small parcels, under such restrictions as would effectually guard against monopoly and speculation. But upon further information, and in deference to the opinions of persons fa miliar with the subject, I am inclined to change that recom mendation, and to advise that they be permitted to remain, as at present, a common field, open to the enterprise and industry of all our citizens, until further experience shall have developed the best policy to be ultimately adopted in regard to them. It is safer to suffer the inconveniences that DOW exist, for a short period, than by premature legislation, to fasten on the country a system founded in error, which may place the whole subject beyond the future control of congress. The agricultural lands should, however, be surveyed and brought into market with as little delay as possible, that the titles may become settled, and the inhabitants stimu lated to make permanent improvements, and enter on the ordinary pursuits of life. To effect these objects, it is de sirable that the necessary provision be magic by law fur the establishment of land offices in California and Oregon, and for the efficient prosecution of the surveys at an early day. Some difficulties have occurred in organising the terri torial governments of New Mexico and Utah, and, when more accurate information shall be obtained of the causes, a further communication will be made on that subject. In my I tot annual communication to Calgress I recom mended the establishment of an agricultural bureau, and I take this occasion again to invoke your favourable consi deration of the subject. Agriculture may justly bo regarded as the grc-t interest THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 15, 1851. of our people. Four-fifths of our active population are i employed in the cultivation of the soil, and the rapid ex-' pension of our settlements over new territory is daily adding to the number of those engaged in that vocation. Justice and sound policy, th. , refore, alike require that the govern went should, use all the means authorised by the constitution to promote the interests and welfare of that important class of our fellow citizens. And yet it is a singular fact that, while the manufacturing and commercial interests have en. gaged the attention of Congress during a large portion of every session, and our statutes abound in provisions for their protection and encouragement, little has yet been done directly for the advancemant of agriculture. It is time tha this repro -- ch to one legislation should be re moved; and I sincerely hope that the present Congress will not close their labours without adopting efficient means to supply the omissions of those who have preceded them. An Agricultural Bureau, charged with the duty of col lecting and disseminuting correct information as to the best mode of cultivation, and of the most effectual means of pee r serving and restoring t` , .e fertility of the soil, and of procur in; and distributing seeds and plants and other vegetable productions, with instructions in regard to the soil, climate, and treatment hest adapted to their growth, (cull not fail to be, in the lenge of Washington, in his last annual message t s Congres., a " very cheap instruraent of immense national benefit." Rrgard;tig the act of Congress approred 2Sth Sept tuber, 18.50, granting bounty lends to persor.s who had been en gaged in the military service of the cauwry, as a great mea sure of national ju-ace and munificence, an anxious desire has been felt, by the officers entrust.d with its immediate execution, to give pranpt (fret to its provisions. .111 the means within their control were, therefore, brought into reqoisitiou to ex;vetlite the adjudication of claims, and I am gratified to be able to stave that near one hundred thousand applications have been considered, and about seventy thou s Intl warrants is tied e ithin the short space of nine rronths. If adequate provision be made by law to carry into effect the rveommendativiasuf the department, it is confidently ex• peeled that, before the close of the next fiscal year, all who arc entitled to the bean tits of the act will la Ice r,:eivcd their wirrints. The &::t- tart' of the Interior has suggested in his report various amendments of the laws relating to p:itsione and bourty lands, for t h e purpose of more etLetually guarding agninq abuses and frauds on the gorcmmuit, to all of wltieh I invite your particular attention. The large acccakioni to our Indian pvulation consequent upon the acquisition of New Mexico and California, and the extension of our Fct dements into Ut di and Or• gun. hare given increased interist and importance to our rinatMns with the abo:i.inal race. No mab•rial change has taken place within the last year in the condition and prospects of the Indian tribes who re side in the north western t rritory, and west of the Mis sissippi river. We arc at peace with all of them ; end it will be a .pnrce of pleasure to you to learn that th, y are lolly advancing in civilisation and the pursuits of social Along the Mexican frontier, and in Califeamia and Ore ther, have Men occasional nratifestations of un friendly feeling, and some depredations committed. I act satisfied, kowevcr, that they resulted mole from the desti tute and starring condition of the ludi.ais than fr^m any settled hostility towards the whites. As the settliments of our citizens progress toward them the game upon which they mainly rely for subsistence is deism elf or destroyed, aim the only alternative left to them is starvation or plun der. It becomes us to consider, in view of this condition of things, whether justice and humanity, as will us an en lightened economy, do nut require that, instead of seeking to punish them for isees which are the result of our own policy toward them, we should nut provide for their imme. diate and (moorage them to engage in agriculture, and to rely on their labour, ill.tcad 01 the chase, fur the means of support. . . • • Varn i a': mportant treaties hare been negneiated with diff:rent tribes during the year, by which their title to large and VAluable trazts of country has been extinguished, all of which will, at the proper ume, be submitted to the senate for ratification. The joint commission under the treaty of Guadalupe Hi.ialgo has been actively engaged in running and marking the boundary fine between the United States and 31, sire,. It was stated in the laat 'mama insert of the Secretary of the Interior that the initial point on the Pacific and the' point of the junction of the Gila with the Colorado River had been determined, and the intervening line, about 1.10 miles in length, run and marked by temporary monuments. Since that time a monument of marble !us been treeted at the initial point, and permanent landmarks of iron had bet a placed at suitable distances along the line. The initial point on the Hie Grande has also been fixed by the cominisetoners at latitude 32 deg. 22 min., and at the date of the lust communication the survey of the line had been made thence westward about 130 miles to the neighbourhood of the copper mines. The commission on our part was at first organised on a scale which espi rience proved to be unwieldy and attended with unnecessary expense. Orders have, therefore, been issued for the reduction of the number or persons employed within the small , st limits, consistent with the safety of those engaged in the service, and the prompt and efficient execu tion of their important duties. Returns hare been received front all the officers engaged in taking the census in the states and terr:tories, except California. The superintendent employed to make the enumeration in that state has not yet mode his full repent, from causes, as lie alleges, beyond his control. rids failure is much to be regretted, as it has prevented the Secretary of the Interior (rim making the decennial ap portionment of representatives 6.11011 g the states, as re quired by the act approved May 23, lh3iu. It is hoped, how ever, that the returns will soon be received, and no time will then be lost in making the necessary arrangements, and in transmitting the certificates required by the law. The Superintendent of the Seventh Census is diligently em ployed, under the direction of the Secretary of the Interior, in classifying and arranging, in tabular farm, all the stalls tical information derived from the returns of the marshals, and it is believed that when the work shall be completed it will exhibit a more perfect view of the population, wealth, occupation!, and social condition of a Freat country, than has ever been presented to the world. lite value of such a work, as the basis of enlightened legislation, can hardly be overestimated ; and I earnestly hope that Congress will lose no time in making the appropriation. necessary to complete the elassilieitions, and to publish the results iu a style worthy of the subject and of our national character. The want of a uniferin fee bill, prescribing the compen sation to be allowed to district attorneys, clerks, marshals, and commsssioners in civil and criminal cases , is the cause of much vexation, injustice and complaint. I would re commend a thorough revision of the laws on the whole subject, and the adoption of 4 tariff of fees which, as far as practicable, should ho uniform, and prescribe a specific cumpensati . .n for every service which the officer may he required to perform. Phis subject will be fully presented in the report of the Secretary of the Interior. In my last anneal message I gave briefly my reasons for believing that you possessed the constitutional power to i improve the harbours of our great lakes and sea coast, and the navig.tion of our principal rivers, and recommended that appropriations should ba made for completing such works as had already bees commenced, and forcommeucing such others as might seem to tile wisdom of Congress to be of public and general importance. Without repeating the ' reasons then urged, I deem it my duty again to call your attention to this important subject. The works on many of the harbours were left in an unfinished state, and conse quently exposed to the action of the elements, which is fast destroying them. Great numbers of lives and vast amounts of property are annualy lost for want of safe and convenient harbours on the lakes. None but those who have been ex posed to that dangerous navigation can fully appreciate the importance at this subject. 'f he whole north-west appeals to you for relief, and I trust their appeal will receive due consideration at your hands. 'she same is in a measure true in regard to some of the harbours and inlets on the sea-coast. The unobstructed navigation of our large rivers is of I equal importance. Our settlements are now extending to ' the sources of the great rivers which empty into, and form a part of the Mississippi, and the value of the public lands in these regions would be greatiy enhanced by freeing the navigation of those waters from obstructions. In view, therefore, of this great interest, I deem it my duty again to urge upon Congress to make such appropriations fur those improvements as they may deem necessary. The survey of the delta of the Mississippi, with a view to the prevention of the overflows that have proved so disas trous to that region of country, have been nearly com pleted, and the reports thereof are now in course of pre paration, and will shortly be laid before you. The protection of our south-western frontier, and of the adjacent Mexican States, against the Indian tribes within our borders has claimed my earnest and constant attention. Congress having failed, at the last session, to adopt any re commendation that an additional regiment of mounted men specially adapted to that service should be raised, all that remained to be done was to make the best use of the means at my disposal. Accordingly, all the troops adapted to that service that could properly bo spared from other quarters have been concentrated on that frontier, and officers of high reputation selected to command them. A new arrangement of the military posts has also been made, whereby the troops are brought nearer to the Mexican frontier and to the tribes they are intended to overawe. Sufficient time has not yet elapsed to realise all the bene fits that are expected to result from these arrangements, but I have every reason to hope that they wdl effectually check their marauding expeditions. The nature of the country, which furnishes little for the suppo-t of an army, and abounds in places of refuge and concealment, is cc nuirlusbly well adapted to this predatory warfare ; and we can scarcely hope that any military force, combined with the greatest vigilance, can entirely suppress it. By the treaty of Guadeloupe Hidalgo we are bound to protect the territory of Mexico against the incursions of the savage tribes within our border "with equal diligence and energy" as if the same were made within our territory or against our citizens. I have endeavoured to comply, as far as possible with this provision of the treaty. Orders have been given to the officer, commanding on that frontier to consider the Mexican territory and its inhabitants equally with our own entitled to their protection; and to make all their plans and arrangements with a view to the attainment of this object. Instructions have also been given to the Indian Commissioners and agents among these tribes, in all treaties, to make the clauses designed for the protection of our own citizens apply also to those of Mexico. I have no reason to doubt that these instructions hare been fully car ricd into effect. Nevertheless, it is probable that, in spite of all our efforts, some of the neighbouring states of Mexico may have safferel, as our own have, from depredations by the Indians._ To the difficulties of defending our own territory, as shove mentioned, are superadded, in defending that of Mexico, those that arise from its remoteness, from the fact that we have no right to station our troops within her limits, and that then: is no efficient military force on the Maim side to co-operate with our own. So long as thu shall continue to be the ease, the number and activity of our troops will rather increase than ditniniah the evil, as the Indians will naturally turn toward that country where they encounter the least resistance. Yet these troops are neces sary to subdue them, and to compel them to make and ob serve treaties. Until this shall have been done, neither country will enjoy any security from their attacks. The Indians in California, who had previously appeared of a peaceable ch arac t er , an d di s p ose d to cultivate the friendship of the whites, have recently committed several it of hostility. As a large portico of the reinforcements tent to the Mexican frontier w: rc drawn from the Pacific, the military force now stationed there is considered entirely inadtluat:. to its defence. It cannot be inereised, how ever, without an bureme of the army ; nod I ecain re commend that measure as indispensable to tile protZetion of the frontier. I incite your attention to the suggestions on this subject, and on others connected with his department, in the report of the tkcretary of War. The appropriation for the support of the army during the current tiw.al year, ending 30th Jun, next, were re duced far below the estimate submitted by the department. The consequence of this reduction is a considerable defi ciency, to which I invite your early attention. The expenditure of that department for the year ending 30th June last, were 9,00046.5,63 dols. The estimates for the year commending Ist July next and ending June 30, 1853, are 7,893,775,83 dill.; showing a reduction of 1,161,492,74 dol.. . . The B , ard of Commissioners to whom the management of the atfii,s of the Military Asylum created by the act of 3rd of )larch last was entrusted, have selected a site for the estabiiehment of an asylum is the vieini y of this city, whit's has been approved by me, subject to the production of a satisfactory title. The report of the Secretary of the Navy will exhibit the condition of the public service under the sum rvisivn of that deportment. Our naval force afloat during the present year has been actively and usefully employed in giving pro tection toour wid.lysex tended and increasing commerce and interests in various quarters of the globe, and our flag has evervwhere afforded the security and received the respect inspired by the jtastica and liberality of our intercourse, and the dignity and power of the nation. The expedition Coll2M.kitchd by Lieut. De navies, de spatched in ti tech of tie British commander, Sir John ranklin, and his companions, in the Arctie Seas, returned to Now York in the moils of Octoher, after having emit r gone great peril and suffering from an unknown noel dan gerous navigation, and the rigours of a northern chalet , , without any satisfactory information of the objects of their soarer, but with new contributions to science and meta -1 tion from the unfeequenteil polar regions. The officers and men of tire expeilition, having been all volunteer, for this service, and having as conducted it as to meet the entire approbation of etc Government, it is suggested as an act of grace and generosity, that the stelae allowanees of extra pay and emoluments be extended to them that were made to the officers and men of like rating in the late exploring expedition to the South Seas. I earnestly ri commend to your attention the necessity of reorganising the Naval Establishment, apportioning and fixing the number of officers in each grade, providing some mole of promotion to the higher grades of the navy, having reference to merit and capacity, rather than seniority or date of entry into the scree-, and fir retiring from the effect:To list upon reduced pry those who may lie in competent to the performance of active petty. Ass measure of economy as well as of efficiency in this nun of the service, the provislin lest mentioned is eminently worthy of your consideration. The determination of the qwstions of relative rank be tween the sea officers and civil officers of the navy and between officers of the army and nasy, in the various grades of each, will also merit your attention. The failure to provide any substitute, when corporal punishment was abolished fur olfenccs in the navy, has occasioned the cons ening of numerous courts-martial upon the arrival of vesstds in port, and is believ«l to have had an injurious ' effect upon the discipline and efficiency of the service. Ta moderate punishment from one grade to another is among the humane reforms of the ay.; but to abolish one of sm . rity, which applied Sit genenilly to offences on ship-board, and provide nothing in its dead, is to suppose a progress of iinprovement in every individual among seamen which is nut assumed by the legisl store in respect to any other class of men. It is hoped that congress, in the gin lc oppertunity alliortled by the pre-cut session, will thoroughly investigate this important subject, and establish such modes of deter mining guilt, and such gradatiens of punishment as are consistent with humanity and the personal rights of iadivi• duals, and at the Brune time shall insure thu most energetic and efficient performance of duty and the suppression of crime in our ships of war. . . The stone duck in the Navy.y:rd at New York, which was ten years in process of construction, has been so far finished us to be surrendered up to the authorities of the yard. The dry dock at Philadelphia is reported as com. pleted, and is expected soon to be tested and delivered over to the agents of the Government. That at Portsmouth, New Hampshire is also nearly ready fur delivery; and a contract has been concluded, nerve ably to the act of Con rem af . its last session, fur a flouting sectional dock on the bay of San Francisco. 1 invite your attention to the re commendation of the Department totiehiu4 the establish ment of a navy yard in conjunction with this dock on the Pacific. Such a station is highly neees , siry to the conve ni'nce and .IKetiveness of our abet iu that ocean, which must be expected to increase with the growth of commerce and the rapid extension of our whale fisheries over its waters. _ _ The naval academy at Annapolis, under a revised and improved system of regulations now atiOnis opportunities of education and instruction to the pupils quite equal, it is believed, for professional improvement, to those enjoyed by the cadets in the military academy. A large class ul acting midshipmen was received at the commencement of the last academic term, and a practice-ship has been attached to the inititutisn, to afford the amplest means for regular in-Unction in seatuenship, as well as fur cruises during the vacations of three or four months in each year. The advantages of science in nautical affairs have rarely been more strikingly illustrated than in the fact stated its the Report of the Navy Department that by means of the wind and current charts projected and prepared by Lieut. Maury, the Superintendent of the Naval Observatory, the passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific ports of our coun try has lace shortened by about 40 days. the estimates for the support of the Navy and Marine Corps, the ensuing tfiscal year, will be found to be 5,856,472 dole. 19c., the estimates or the current year being 6,900,621 doll. The estimates for special objects under the control of this department amount to 2,084,220 doll. 89c.„ against 2,210,980 dole. for the present year, the increase being occasioned by the additional mail service on the Pacific coast and the con struction of the dock in California, authorised ut the last session of Congress, and some slight additions under the head of improvements and repairs in navy-yards, buildings, and machinery. I deem it of much importance to a just economy, and a correct understanding of naval expenditure, that there should be an entire separation of the appropriation for the support of the naval service proper from those fur perma nent improvements at navy yards and stations, and from ocean steam mail service, and other special objects assigned to the supervision of this department. The report of the Postmaster. General, herewith commu nicated, presents an interesting view of the progress, opera tions and condition of his department. At the close of the last local year, the length of mail routes within the United States was 1 9 6,290 miles; the an nual transportation thereon 63,272,2.52 miles, and the an nual cost of such transportation, 3,421,751 dots. The length of the foreign mail routes is estimated at 18,319 miles; and the annual transportation thereon at 616,206 miles. Tae annual cost of the service is 1,472,187 dol lars, of which 444,937 dale. is paid by the Post-office depart ment, and 1,023,150 dole. is paid through the Navy depart ment. The annual transportation within the 'United States (ex cluding the service in California and Oregon, which is now for the first time reported and embrased in the tabu lar statements of the department) exceeds that of the preceding year C,162,836 miles, at an increased cost of 647,110 dole The whole number of post-offices in the United States, on the 30th day of Juno Last, was 19,796. There were 1,698 post-offices established, and 256 discontinued, during the year. The gross revenues of tho department for the fiscal year, including the appropriations for the franked matter of Con gress, of the departments, and officers of government, and excluding the foreign postages, collected for and payable to the British Post-office, amounted to 6,727,866 doffs. 78 c. The expenditure■ fur the same period (excluding 20,599 dole. 49c. paid under an award of the auditor, in pursuance of a resolution of the last Congress, for mail service on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers in 1832 and 1833, and the amount paid to the British Post-office for foreign postage* collected for and payable to that office) amounted to 6,024,566 dots. 79c. ; leaving a balance of revenue over the proper expenditures of the year of 703,299 doh. 99e. The receipts fur postages during the year (excluding the foreign postages collected for and paystle to the British post-office) amounted to 6,34,5,747 dole. 2.c., being an in crease of 997,610 dots. 79e., or 18.65-100 per cent. over the like receipts for the preceding year. The reduction of postage, under the act of March last, did not take effect until the commencement of the present fiscal year. The accounts for the first quarter, under the present operation of the reduced rates wil.: not be settled before January next, and no reliable estimate of the receipts for the prevent year can yet be made. It is believed, how ever, that they will fall far short of those of last year. The surplus of the revenues now on hand is, however, so large that no further appropriation from the treasury in aid of , the revenues of the department is required for the current fiscal year; but an additional appropriation for the year ending June 30, 16.53, will probably he found necessary when the receipts of the first two quarters of the fiscal year are fully ascertained. In his Last annual retort the Postmaster-General recom mended a reduction of postage to rates whirls he deemed as low as could be prudently adopted, unlese Congress was prepared to appropriate from the treasury, fur the support ' of the department, a sum more than equivalent to the mail services performed by it for the government. The recom mendations of the Postmaster-Oeueral, in - *. to letter respect ran and postage, except on letters from and to _ . Oregon were substantially adopted by the last Congress. He now, recommends adherence to the present letter sates ' and ad vises against a further reduction until justified by the re venue of the department. He also recommends that the rates of postage on printed matters be so revised as to render them more simple, and more uniform in their operation upon all clams of printed matter. I submit the recommendations of the report to your favourable consideration. The pnbl:c statutes of the United States have now been accumulating for more than sixty years, and, interspersed with private acts, an scattered through numerous volumes, and, from the cost of the whole, have become almost int.c erosible to the great mass of the community. They also exhibit much of the incongruity and imperfection of livdy legislation. As it seems to be getterallT conceded that there is no "common law" of the United States to supply the defects of their legislaticm, it is must important that that legislation should be as perfect as possible, defining every power intended to be conferred, every crime intended to be made punishable, and prescribing the punish ment to be inflicted. In addition to some parti cular cases spoken of more at length, the whole criminal code is now lamentably defective. Some offences are imperfectly described, and others are entirely omitted ; so that flagrant crimes may be eonvaitted with impunity. The scale of punishment is no: in all cases graduated according to the degree and nature of the offence, and is often renderel more unequal by the different modes of imprisonment, or penitentiary confinement, in the different States. Many iiTOf a permanent character have been intro duced into appropriation bills, and it is oft( n di ffi cult to determine whether the particular clause expires with the temporary act of which it is a part, or continuo in force. It has a..n frequently happened that enactments and pro -111110119 of law have been introduced into bills, with the title or g,neral subject of which they have little or no con nection or relation. In tlis mode of legislation so many enactments have been heaped upon each other, and often with but litt:o eonsideratim, that in many instances it is difficult to search out and determ ine what is the law. The government of tho United States is emphatically a government of written lawn. The statute.' should, there fore, as far as practicable, not only be made accessible tt all but be expressed in language so plain and simple as to be understood 6y all, and arranged in such method as to give perspicuity to ovary su'uect. Many of the States have revised their 'midi: acts with great and manifest benefit; and I recommend that prevision be raNle by law fur the appointment of a ciratuissi,m to revise the public statutes of the United States, arranging them in order, supplying deficiencies, corrt,tiug ineongruiti.fs, simplifying their language, and reporting them to Congress we its action. An act of Congress, approved 3eth September, Wee con tained a pro% i-ion for the extensions.: the Capitol, according to such a plan as might be approved by the President, and apyropriated one hundred thousand dollars to be expended under his direction, by such architect as he should appoint to execute the same. tip examining the various plans which hail been submitted by various architects, in pur suance of au advertisement by a cemmittee of the senate, no oue was found to be entirely satisfactory, and it was therefore deemed advisable to combine and adopt the ad vantages of several. The great object to be arcanteFslied was to make such on addition as would afford ample and convenient halls for the deliberations rel the tern Helms of Congresa, with suf ficient accorumodatiuue tar spectat ere, and suitable apart meats fur the committees and officers of the two branches of the legislature. It was also desirable hot to mar the harmony and beauty of the present structure, which, as a specimen of architecture, is so universally admired. Keep ing these objects in view, 1 concluded to make the addition by wings, detached front the present :militia& yet con nected with it by corridors. This mode of enlargement will leave the present Caoitol uninjured, and afford greeter advantages fur ventilation and the adeni,:ion of light, nod wiil enebic the work to pro gress without interrupting the deLberations of C e agee s e. To carry this plan into effect I have appointed an experi eneed and competent architect. The corner slime was laid on the 4th day of July last, with suitable ceremonies, since which time tlee work has edvanced with thininendeble rapidity, and the foundations of both wiugs are now nearly complete. I ngain commend to your faveurable regard the interest of the district of Columbia, and cm') deem it nceeesary to remind you that, although the inhabitants have uo voice in the choice of representatives in Congress, they are not the less entitled to a pat and liberal consideration in your legislation. Aly conions on this subject were more fully expressed in my last annuel communication. Other subjects were brotteht to the Mention of Congress in my lint atenuel meseage, to whom I would reepeetlully refer. But there was one of more than ordinary interest to wlech I again invite your special attention. I allude to the recommendation for the appoiefineet of a commission to settle private chime against the Unteed States. Justice to individuals as well as to the government fruperetieely de mands that some more convenient and expeditious mode than appeal to Congress should be adopted. It is deeply to be regretted that in several instances of firers of the government, in attempting to execute the law for the return of fueitives from labour, leave been opt uly resisted, and their en'erte frustrated *eel defeated by lawless and 'Meta mobs; that in one caw such resistance resulted in the death of an estimable thins, au t in other serioues injury ensued to those officers and to individuals who were using their endeavours to suet lin the laws. Prosecutions have been instituted agaiust the alleged eifewlerv, ho ter 41 they could be identified, and are still pending. I have re gar.ded it as my duty, in the ee eases to give all aid legally in my power to the enforcement of the laws, awl I Khali con tinue t o do so wherever and whenever their execution may be resisted. The act of Congress forthe return of fugitives' from labour is one, required ieuel demanded by the express words of tho constitution. 'I he constitution declares, " That no person held to scr- I vice or labour in one state, under the laws thereof, emaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regi culution therein, be discharged from such service or labour, but shall be delivered up on the claim of the party to whom such service or labour may he due." This constitutional provision is equally obligatory upon the legislative, the ex ecutive, and judicial departments of the government, and upon every citizen of the United States. Congress must, however, from necessity, firAt act upon the subject, by prescribing the proceedino necessary to ascertain that the person is a fugitive, and the means to be used for his restoration to the claimant. This was done by au act passed during the first term ot• President Washing ton, which was amended by that enacted by the last Con gress, and it now remains tor the executive and judicial de partments to take care that those laws be faithfully exe cuted. .141 injunction of the constitution is as peremptory and as binding as any other; it stands exactly on the site founitition as that clause which provide.% for tie return of fugitives from justice, or that which declares that no bill of attainder or ~.c post facto low shall lie passed, or that which provides for an equality of taxation, according to the census, or the clause declaring that all duties shall lie uniform throughout the United States, or the important provision that the trial of all crimes shall be by jury. These several articles and clauses of the constitution, all resting on the same authority, must stand or fall together. Sonic objections have been urged against the details of the act for the return of fugitives front labour ; but it is worthy of remark that the main opposition is aimed against the constitution itself, sad proceeds Irons persons and classes of persons, many of whom declare their wish to see that constitution uverturned. They avow their hos tility to any . law which shall give full and practical effect to this requirement of the constitution. Fortunately, the number of these persons is comparatively small, and is be lieved to be daily diminishing, but he tissue which they present is one which involves the supremacy and even the existence of the constitution. Cases have heretofore arisen in which individuals have denied the binding authority of acts of Congress, and even States have proposed to nullify such ants, upon the ground that the constitution was the supreme law of the land, and that those acts of Congress were repugnant to that instru ment; but nullifications is now aimed, not so much against particular laws as being inconsistent with the constitu tion as against the Constitution itself; and it is not to be disguisedi that a spirit exists and has been actively at work to rend asunder this union, which is our cherished inheri tance from our revolutionary fathers. In my last annual message I stated that I considered the series of measures which had been adopted at the previous session, in reference to the agitation growing out of the ter ritorial and slavery questions, as a flied settlement in prin ciple and substance of the dangerous and exciting subjects which they embraced ; and I recommended adherence to the adjustment established by those measures until time and experience should demonstrate the necessity of further legis lation to guard against evasion or abuse. I was not induced to make this recommendation because I though those measures perfect, for no human legi-lation can be perfect. Wide differences and jarring opinions can only be reconciled by yielding something on all sides, and this result had been reached after an angry conflict of many months, in which one part of the country was ar rayed against another, and violent convulsion seemed to be imminent. Looking at the interests of the whole country, I felt it to be my duty to seize upon this compromise as the best that could be obtained amid conflicting interests, and to insist upon it as a final settlement, to be adhered to by all who value the peace and welfare of the country. A year has now elapsed since that recommendation was made. To that recommendation I still adhere, and I congratu late you and the country upon the general acquiescence in these measures of peace, which has been exhibited in all parts of the republic. And not only is there this general acqui escence in these measures, but the spirit of conciliation which has been manifested in regard to them in all parts of the country, has removed doubts and uncertainties in the minds of thousands of pod men concerning the du rability of our popular institutions, and given renewed as surance that our liberty and our union may subsist together for the benefit of this and all succeeding generations. MILLARD FILLMORE. Washington, Dec. 2,1351. COMMERCIAL.. NEW YORK, TITESDI7EVENDIO, Dec. 2. Mosey.—Since the departure of the Cambria for Europe the stock market has gradually improved, and United States securities have been in good demand at full prices. The transfer books for United States stocks are now closed, and our quotations are" interest off." The transfers on foreign account for the week ending the 29th ult. amounted to 349,400 dols. State Stocks and Railroad Bonds have been in fair request, and several sales have been made on foreign account. Speculative stocks have undergone the usual fluctuations, but have upon the whole an upward tendency. EICIIANOE on England and France has been firm, whilst on some of the contir.ental ports they have been tattier lower. We quote London at 1101 to 1101; Paris ' 6.133 to 5.124 ; Amsterdam, 4li to 411; Hamburg, 381 to 36 ; Bremen, 78 to 78t. The demand for money yesterday and today has been active, but freely met without producing any stringency, er causing any material advance in the rates of interest. There is a good inquiry among capitalists for business paper, with only a moderate supply of desirable names. Up to the present time the receipts of paper from the south have been far behind former seasons, consequently there is only a limited Ansonia of short cotton paper at present on the market. Tho steamer to-morrow ' will take out probably a million of dollars 13 IZ and one hundred and fifty thousand dollars in silver. will not sensibly affect the money market; the I eeeipte , from California within akw days past being more An an offset to the estimated amount that will be esp., ; week. Thee shipments of gold are likely to ittinue during the coming season, though the amount young for ward will be regulated by the mum of foreign eseii alga ; but guld being now one of the regular producCor4 of the country, will undoubtedly be exported freely act ten, as it i soma an from California in ,uch abundance. Cerrox.—The arks of the week amount to 5,100 balm. The hulk of the bu•iness was transacted during the three but days of Norm:atter, consisting chiefly of "to arrive, by ship asnrdes. Siuc • tae opening of :ite present week there have been no fresh sample. received nd wow quently no stock on sale. A great feeling his :-• d Ind small parcels have been sold from store on easier t . , as, bet not as low so the sales previottAy made "to arri• .." The market closes quietly, buys rs awaiting fr 't ^ of cotton and later ads ict s . from abroad, both 1, awns expetl,!l. At New Orleans prices ran up, between a h and 21th ult., from to itc. for strict middling, I; :• back on receipt of Asia's advises, quoting i dot. tLel . • . • 7.1 c. on the 1%, jot , with ireig:.t j dol. to 7-16 doe. -It ibile, on the lst, the same grade was bought at 70. W. 'navo again a wet kof light exports fmul the Unitt•l i, s and tho disappointment is general at tho moth •. light neelpts at the ports. . . . At Savannah . , the Buena Vista, having part ue cargo engantl tor Liverpool—Acing unable to till tit. : drawn, and is now di.caargin.c. On tho subject of crop we have nothing ~ a n t' ad vise, fully baieving that our estimate of 2,700,b."1; a will be realist d. Ilussearners.—Flour and Orain Circular, pelmet' by Edward Bill, Broker.—l'er strainer Africa.—Ne • Vark, Dee. 2.—The transactions in the market for ' .stuffs since the date of my lust cirmilar, of the 18th o, aber, have been mostly confined to the wants o• •••'•• home trade, which at this season of cite year is alway ' f••. The expert demand has materially fallen oil' u.,`• t ic ad vance in flour and a rat. It will net be pea •..'.c ia get any reliable information as rvardi the n s•oek of (lour now in store, until the cic.sc of uarig st in. The trade generally concur in the opinion, howes •• that it is much hiss than usual, although there has In i i•. of lato several partici in the market purchasing on , •iolation, and storing for higher prices. Of Canalise in 1 . 1.nd, at the goy. content stores, there are about 2 I carrels of flair and 120,000 bushels of wheat. e ex ports from this port for the fortnight nu.. .1.- ••n the 28th instant consisted of 13,871 barrels flour ••• London; 6,179 barrrli flour, and 67,65e3 bushels of wheat t spool; 1,958 barrels of flour, stud 19,915 bushels wheat I-, ,1„sow ; 2,800 barrels flour to Ireland ; 400 barrels fleas to Ant werp. The exports from this port from Oct. Dec. lit, 18.51, consisted of 4,162 bbls. flour, and 101 !Acts ryo to Dremen ; 600 bids. flour to Antwerp ; 6.30 Io l' I. flour, and 6,7il bushels rye to Hamburg ; I,OM bb .•. door, and 10,362 bushels wheat to Amsterdam; 180 Isii!s t our to Gotteuburg. Flour : The receipts (or the season a..• mode rate, and with a good home demand, prices ar> fi• aier and rather tend upward; the current price for ••••• .ou and stralisiit brands of state is 3 dull. 93 , 1 e. to 4; 'it ;• - .n, In diaua and Ohio brands are held at 4 dole. to '• •. 25c.; pure Gcnnesee ranges from 4 duls. 81e. to •I 20e.; tarty and extra Obto and (knew° 4 dole. 2., - • • dots. 26c.; Uninspeeted and No. 2 sell according ••. tidy at 3 doll. to 3 dolt. 621 • Canadian in boned is dui . 'lt sales at 3 col,. 9k. to 4 dole. 121 ; Southern kinds .o fair supply and demand at I dole. 00:e. to 4 dole. 2 • Balti more. Alexandria, Dutersburgh, and George. ••• -rands. Rye flour is nomilial at 3 aloha. 121 c. to 3 401.. Corn meal sells slowly at 3 dole. 181 to 3 dol.. 50e. fo. • -y and Brandywine. Grain.—The season being near , tho millers buy wheat more readily, and the market firmly with moderate supplies, sod at ads aneed 1.. - , -Cana dian in bond, 'minim at 87e. to tek. White Mi. •, .3. 90e. White Clem:ice, tale. to 100 c. Red and mix- • tido is scarce, and a good article would command s' 'o 86c. Barley brings 77e. to 89c. Rye is fls:n at 69e. for distilling purposes. Oats' sold at 3.k. to 39e. • •. there. Indian corn continues at . 59c. to 69c. for We - natal, and d2e. to (i3e. foe round yellow. Southern . r and white of the now crop is in market and has • a Ad at 69e. to 61e. Anttan.—Fut asbes at., firm, and in goo. 4 dais. Sae., and pears at 5 dela. 371 e. per 100 NAVAL STOIIIIB.--Crado turpentine is firm at .1 doing 3,121 deli. Sales of spirits o f turpentin mane at 381 c. to 402., cult and time. Wiliningt • 1,27 k do's. to 1,311 dull., afloat and di:UW.I , 1 rotin, 3 dots. to 3,371; shipping tar, 1,9. i to 2 dot- ' stock of old p wk is Huhu. firm ut 15,25 dull. for mess, and 13,921 to 13,7 —Beef is in fair request at 7,541d015. to 9,74 d ' mess, and 4 dolt. to 5 doll. fur prime. Bro.' h. • 73e. to 14 ilols. Lard, Sc. to Sc.l in kegs a.. Dressed hog., fk. to 61c. Butter sod cheek' m• with moderate sales. EIIEMIUT.4.—To Liverpool—Cotton, 4-32,1. Hour, Is. to Is 110. ; groin, 4d. to did. To Lm Is. 91(1. ; 1,000 bbls. oil were shipped at Is. 10 , , Row—Flour, Is. 710. to Is. M. "I o Havre—Cu ; other goods, 0 dols. to S dol.'. per too. Vi) Court. osnonNE, s There was no addition to too royal dir. yesterday. The Queen and I'rince and royal lankily tOO% early walk. The lion. Bentrica llyng has succeeded the line Cavendish us Maid of honour in wait,. Majesty. The youthful princes and princesses took walks alai drives in the grounds at Osbwite yes! .. ller Majesty and Prince Albert walked out int( and afternoon. The ltev. Mr. Birch was the only addition t dinner party. Sit George Grey returned to town on Saturit.- ruoor. The Right Hon. the Speaker hail au in• tho right lion. baronet at the lfoine-ollice. Mr. Muntz, M.P., had an interviow with lia ; Saturda)• at the Colonial-office. The Mu. Major-General :taunt had nn tho Chancellor of the Exchequer on Saturday. ender Spearman had also an interview with the r baronet at his official residence iu Downing -strew The Marquis of Lansdowne (Lord President, on Saturday for the sc.it of Earl Fortescue, Cast' vonshire. Earl Granville leR town on Saturday for Arid Despatches front tha Governor of Sierra Lem. ceived on Saturday at the Colonial-ollice. The Duke of 11. elliugton attended divine s. yesterday morning in the Chapel Royal, St. Jaw sermon was preached by tho Rev. C. Moore. it, at , vonio been I.IMOII ‘Vhito vered. i,riccs 112 M dole. ads. toady 161. ; Gies , per ; Arty Asual Caro- usual morn- Dart • v with 011 with Alex hon. town ,I, Ue- 11. V 're re- : early The THE CABINET.—Lord John Russell ha. ;;ono to Woburn Abbey, arid will remain there until :otter the Christmas holidays. Lord Ltunolowno ha gone r.a a visit to Lord Forteseue, at his seat in Devonshire. Mr. Labou cher., has departed for Stoke Park. Sir George 1 rey has returned to London from is visit of inspection to r irtmoor Lord Orsuville his gone into Shroi • re. No further meetings of tho cabinet are expected fur time; but re ry soon after Christmas all the ministers st.• s;neted to reassemble in Londoa, and some cabinet eou.. will bo held prtvious to the privy council, at whie.. .1, the dey fur lite meeting of parliament for Main rdl bo fixed ou. APPOINTMENTS.—Frederick Walford, E .. is aro poisted Recorder of Mahlon, in the room of L. father, J. 0. Walford, Esq., deceased. Mr. Woodifield i. sppointed Inspector-General of Imports and Exports at r;.•• ('ustem house, in the room of Mr. Irving, who has ~tired. B. Peacock, Eaq., Q.C., is appointed legal us e r o :,, : r of th e Supreme Council of India. Air. Francis Lewis Mere weather, immigration agent and clerk of the Executive Council of New South Wales, Is appointed I master- General for that colony. Mr. MuWhinson flotherwell Browne, water police magistrate for N South Wales, is appointed immigration agent. . place of Mr. Mereacather, promoted. Mr. J. O'Neil Bremen is to succeed Mr. Browne, as a. police magistrate. Mr. !helmet Fitzpatrick will Mr. Mereweather as clerk of the:executive council. jar Ed ward Frome, R.E., formerly surveyor-goner..: . South Australia, is appointed surveyor-geaeral at th. .uritiue, in the room of Lieut.-Colonel J. Augustus Llo). low her Nlajesty's consul-general in Bolivia. Mr. Anii French 1 1 Lynch ii appointed a member of the council o. t. Kitts. Mr. Dur,ean George Campbell is appointed u -ask' ef the legislative council of St. Lucia.-06serwsr. THE AFFAIRS OF HENGARY.—On a deputation from the borough of Marylebone, ,sting of Messrs. Nicholay, &deo, Michell, Hickson, Wilson and Adamson (St. Marylebonc) ; Messrs. Dyi, Linton, Stockton, Haien, Manning, Turner and Storey (St. Pancras); waited upon Lord l'almcrston to pres..itt to him a resolution passed at a public meeting of the ink itants of that borough on the 31st of October last, at ti; Princess's Concert-room, on the affairs of Hungary, L 14 Dudley Conti' Stuart in the chair, to the following effect.. —"That the warmest thanks of this meeting are eminently lue ' and arc hereby respectfully tendered to the Ri g ht Lord Palmerton, her Majesty's principal Secretary state for Foreign Affairs, for his strenuous and high-mice d efforts to procure the liberation of Louis Kossuth." The putation was very kindly received by his Iprdship. After .1 few pre liminary observations from 31essrs. Michhell , Dykt tiicholay and Stockton, his lordship stated that he felt mite' ;ratified by such an expression of approval of the proceed . s taken by himself and colleagues in the affairs of Hun.. ry, and coming as it did from the highly influential and populous borough of Marylcbone.. THE GAS QUESTION IN .11ARTLEBoNE.-03 Satur day the vestry of Marylebone terminated for the ir sent the discussions on this subject by resolving to accept 4e tender of the Imperial Company to light the ped to 1. ,aps with gas, at 41. /31.6 d. per lamp for one year, subject to 4 return of the dill . ..lance between W. Ils. and 41. gi. 'mild the pipes of no other company be laid in thuds 4.ct of the parish now lighted by the Imperial Company, o ?inolltifiki t each year, and that the batswin,g consumllgelik goi peehour, be substituted for the present fo ole ta ti,toggkgft the cost of the company. ..41 , • • 46,tri5