The Express. — London, England, 1851-09-30 00:00:00

FRANCE. PARIS, MoxpAT ErzNnw. I believe that a good deal of attention has been drawn in England to the numerous seizures by the French custom-house officers of shepherds' plaids, serried on the arms of passengers from England. The enormous tax of 10s. levied upon these scarfs, which can be considered as little more than a cravat, er comforter," has in many cases induced their owners to leave them behind at the frontier, a sacri fice often attended, now the season is on the turn, and the nights are growing chill, with serious incon venience. Still you will hardly be prepared to hear that the British government has already taken so serious a view of this question as to make it the sub ject of a formal communisation. Yet this lam given to understand, from excellent authority, is the case; and _Lord l'almcrston has not deemed it be low the dignity of his diplomatic pen to address a long and elaborate despatch to our ambassador hero on the inadmissibility of this innovation in the proceedings of the French custom house. A copy of this despatch has been handed by Lord Normanby to M. Baroche ; and it forms at pre sent, I believe, the theme of liveliest discussion in the French foreign-office. Our government takes the ground that such plaids must be considered as bona ,/Gk articles of dress as a man's coat or hat ; and that it would be quite as unreasonable to levy a tax upon the latter objects as upon the former. The French government is formally invited to stop this practice, as a serious international grievance and brush of tho commercial arrangements between the two countries. It follows, as a matter of course, that all those per sons who have paid duty on such plaids, or have suffered loss by their seizure, in consequence of re fusing to pay duty, must be looked upon as having an incontestable claim against the French government for indemnity, which has been seriously espoused by our Foreign-office. On the other hand, 31. Itaroche, I am given to un derstand, has represented to Lord Normanby that it is notorious that many people drive a regular trade in bringing over these Scotch plaids, and distribute them for that purpose to passengers on board the steamers who have no objection to the incumbrance. In fact, this plaid smuggling, he maintains, is re sorted to very generally by apprentices, clerks, and commercial travellers, as a means of lightening the expenses of a journey to Paris. Then again, the same people usually provide themselves with an um brella, or gold watch, on their return, which makes the account even. But suppose tho Dover custom house officers should turn out every man's pockets when he came from France, and tax the trinkets he brings with him from the Palais Royal, or lay violent hands upon his brooch or studs, such a sys tem would be reputed an intolerable grievance; mid yet it would be quite as reasonable as taxing an essential object of clothing worn by the traveller. This then is the present phase of the plaid question, which bids fair to become a knotty subject of dispute between the two governments. The Presse to-&y his been acquitted in its ajmeal against the decision of the Court of Assizes, by which its g, rant, M. Rout', was condemned to I,oobfr. fine and six months' imprisonment. The jury motived its verdict on the withdrawal of the word "elorieuse ment" applied to the martyrdom of the young Hugo, and the apology made for its use on the fol. lowing day by M. Girardin. The official result of the elections of the Finisterre has been received. Out of 34.248 votes, M. de Kersauson Pennendreff, the legitimist candidate, has obtained 23,919, and M. de Geste, moderate repub lican, 7,997. M. de Kersauson, having obtained more than one-fourth of the inscribed votes, has been pro claimed representative. The abstentions amount to the enormous proportion of 30,000. Ocneral Nlagnan, being lately hard pressed by' some friends to say what he thought of the practi- 1 tability of a coup (taut in favour of Louis Napoleon, is said to have replied that, supposing it possible that he mild lend himself to such an attempt, he might eadate on the support of some few colonels, but A HOME FOR KOSSUTH. TO TILE roma 111 E EXPILT.I3.4. Sta,—Under thi; heading you inserted several months since a short but powerful appeal. Allow me to recall the attention of the public to the subject through youseolutuns, the natural chan nel of sympathy for Ilungary and her sons. Kossuth will soon be here, freed from the machi nations of his enemies, but still an exile. Let us welcome him, not simply with demonstrations of joy at his safety, nor with empty professions of respect, but with the offer of an English home—a worthy tribute from freemen to the champion of freedom's cause. The dethroned sovereign always receives succour from a kindred monarch, and the exiled patriot should be able to rely with confidence upon the aid of a free people. If an appeal were made, the response would be im mediate and abundant, and the forwardness of America in the good work would act as a 'stimulus to oar selves.—Yours, J. H. Lincoln's-ian, Sept. 27. i ght erprefsfs. TO CORRIMPONDENTS. 011 . 4 'Maw " Waft." tasatalotas be MIMS metres A GassOil." Is rabillehal ow, Tends, ass Md.', .00. Or pet iliffiusesisess istsoled ter «Tr Expros.. Larks gwaly rpm mot be st Lb, oft/. Ilwrourineuest. Tye o'clock la ale dby pabilestas. • Man WATIZ A Tan Du—Sergblt. 511. _ _ LONDON BRIDGE. Ir. ..Afterasuo, 34.0. 0.--Afiersima. Ga. 225. LONDO.V, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 30. Mr. Drsisov has hat no time in letting the church know his remarkable unfitness fur the post to which the Ilishep of BATU and WLLLS has appointed him. As if the Christian world were in ignorance of the invincible bigotry which he has always displayed upon the two subjects of religion and education, he has just issued a kind of profession of faith, in the form of two sermons, with a preface and appendix, in which he writes himself down in such characters as those who run may read. It is a kind of defiance to the feelings of the moderate portion of the church On the subject of his appointment. It seems to say, " Look at me! Am I note proper person to be ap pointed archdeacon of a diocese at a time when the church is turn with dissensions and sighing fur peace? 1 have just now flung my little squib (in bumble imitation of the great Exeter-Roman candle) at the Archbishop, I have squeaked out an excommunication against the spiritual head of the church, and now you shall see what I will do with your (duration. Not a mother's son of you shall be educated by us, if the ungodly laity presume to have a fraction of a finger in the pie." These two sermons were preached at the opening of the Derby Sunday sthools, and contain nothing remark able ; the true Iknisonian venom comes out in the pre face, and the bigotry in the appendix, which contains a "plan for combining state assistance with safety of chunk education is remarkable. In other words, it is a scheme for dipping into the public purse without being accountable for the money taken. With the preface we shall have nothing to do. It contains vituperation, in the true DLNisosi style, of the Man chester and Salford scheme of education ; imputation of all sorts of wicked motives to the Committee of Council, and some inflated commonplaces about the wickedness of " selling the catholic faith for gold." The appendix is the only part of this pugnacious priest's production with which we shall trouble our readers. The following is an extract from his " plan for combining state assistance with safety of church education." The Ilona• of Commons votes annually& sum of money for educational purposes. That money is part of a revenue collected from a people of many different forms of reliaious belief, and it is voted by a hody of corresponding character. In returning it therefore to the people, the several sources from which it is drawn have all to be considered and cared for by their representatives. -• • might be called the fundamental law of the settle ment of Egypt, if they foresaw that the PACILA of that country was to be virtually independent. In the interpretation of the letter of that law the SULTAN is indubitably right, however it may be felt that his so straining or interpreting it is unjust to the PASITA, and not to be enforced without such a degradation of the authority and dignity necessary to hie maintenance, as a descendant 01 MEHEMET ALI MIS not likely to endure. The demands of the Turkish government are now unreasonable, and would amount to prohibiting the construction of a mead altogether. But then it is to be con signedi that these are demands made, al) irato, in MAWR or retaliation to conduct on the part of Egmt, amounting to a denial of Turkish suzerainty. duty of the Foreign Minister of England is indubitably to prevent this foolish quarrel from going further by reconciling these jarring preten sions which divide the two Mahomedan powers, more on a question of etiquette than any thing else. It may be all very well and very easy to say, let us support the PACHA in making a railroad, and defy the Porte ; no doubt England can do so ; but such policy must lead to a total destruction of our influence at Constantinople and to the dismissal of those ministers, who are attached to England, and to its ideas of Turkish independence, based upon im provements and reforms. RESCIIID PACIIA is no doubt very powerful, and his influence has been increased by the marriage of his eon with a daughter of the SULTAN. Sir STRAT FORD CANNING'S personal influence and address are also very great. But let it not be supposed that even the present ministers of the SULTAN believe England to be more disinterested than other powers. The countries in the East with which England has had most intimate re lations, have been subjected by Englishmen; and commercial friendship or diplomatic connexion has in general been followed b by political subjuga tion. That there are pa rties in England, which desire the possession of Egypt, is well known at the Porte, and is whispered there by every foreign diplomatist, French, as well as German and Russian. Our behaviour, consequently, in the Egyptian ques tion will be re garded with the utmost jealousy and suspicion at Constantinople ; and the Russian party will not fail to take advantage of it, by assuring the SULTAN that Queen VICTORIA enter tains the idea of appropriating Egypt in a much more imminent degree than Russia entertains the thought of appropriating any territories on the Ilanube. All Turks, or at least all Turkish statesmen, are full of suspicion, which, if we back up the Pacha of EGYPT against the SULTAN, not all the influence or eloquence of Sir STRATFORD CANNING can dispel. It may be said that there is little danger of war— that Turkey may threaten, but has no force to send, and that the batteries of the Egyptian coast are quite sufficient to deter any project of invasion. I ARRAS PACO*. will return an answer of defiance to the SULTAN'S ultimatum. The SULTAN may, in IMF turn, proclaim the WchCanre or dethronement at ABBAS PACIIA, but he can no longer send an execu tioner to strangle, or an army to dethrone him. This may be quite satisfactory to ABBAS, whom it establishes in perfect independence of the Porte. But whilst this opens a railroad to our Indian communication, it renders the Turkish Admirable, the reader will say, but surely this cannot ho Mr. DENLiON who is writing. This liberal doctrine of the proper appropriation of public money to public purposes never came forth from Fast Brent. If so, a change has come over the spirit of the reverend author. Wait a moment. The enemy of mankind it is well known has a large stock of scriptural phrases at command when scrip ture itself is to be opposed, and the enemy of en lightened education ha., no objection against the use of a liberal profession or two, when they serve to !mink his approaches against liberal institutions. Here is the startling nom sequitur which comes in as a requel to the suspicious liberalism of the preceding : 11114 it b. to be observed here that under no circumstances ought a Fr evcrnateut board, or even parliament, to claim the right to control or regulate, directly or indirectly, either Me winner or £he manner of education ; and that, `besides the general and permanent objection to the exercise of any such control or regulation on the part of parliament or govern ment, there exists a partirniat objection in the fact that parlicinent is composed, and government may at any time be composed, of persons holding various forms of belief. Divan Itus.sian, and puts an immediate extinguisher on every reform or every progress at Constantinople. Moreover, it awakens all the old jealousies enter tained in 1810 by France, and in which the despotic powers fully sympathise and join. In the renewal of this antagonism, there is abundant material for getting up in France an excitement against Eng land—an excitement that might be made to secure the election of the Prince DE JOIN VILLE, and make one of the conditions of that election his active resistance to English views upon Egypt or policy in Egypt. Even Loris NAPOLEON, in combating the Prince DE JOIN VILLE, would be obliged to proclaim and even act forthwith on that policy, which was required to secure popularity. And hence would ensue a series of difficulties and compli cations, which it is sufficient to point at with out enumerating. We should say this to all parties, put an end to this quarrel as speedily and as completely as you can. There is danger, there are the elements of war in it ; and there is no security for the future. In tho unstable state of all Oriental countries, the English might make a railroad to-day, and might be ousted from it to morrow. And they might find converted into the means of obstruction and extor tion an enterprise from which they had naturally hoped increased facilities, speed, and economy of The liberal flourish, therefon•,about the considera tion of the " sources from which the money for educa tional sources is drawn," terminates in this, that go 'moment having drawn the money from these sources, has nothing to du but distribute it blindfold, and is delivered from all responsibility . to the said sources, inasmuch as when the money is out of its hands, it has no right to inquire or exercise any con trol over its duo distribution. Now, to us nothing rtcuw more clear than this, that government is re swiisible to the nation for the due employment of t&• sums that it draws from it prolissoilly for cduca tinted purptsses. The nation has a right to say to the government, if we are mulcted yearly fur the education of the poor, take care that our money is duly applied. Mr. Dm/mix says, No ; give us your money, and then open your mouth and shut your i:,cs mid KV what Gnu will send you in the shape of education. Experience tells us that all the education we should then get would be literally a Ged-send. The process by which the church is to participate in the division of the public tax, sis delightfully simple. Founders and suppor ters of schools am to make application to the LiNhop, and the bishop is to make his representations to the government, to the effect That a certain sum in aid is required for the maintenance of trailliag schools, whether situate in, or i.taliledied in cosinesion with, the diocese. That a certain sum in aid is !squired fur the purpose of maintaining an alb:lent diocesan inspection. We arc then told— The proper business of the depsrtimmt of government to which the distribution of the edue :glom' grant was en trusted would he sissy/se to meet this representation by an annual gnat of money to the bishop, to be transmitted to the parties, ne. Extremely simple indeed. But what guarantee Las the public that this plan shall work honestly as well as simply? Mr. ItExisox proposes an annual return to parliament of the expenditure and the annual certificate of the diocesan inspector. That is to say, that the whole knowledge of how the money is spent within the consecrated precincts where no layman is to be allowed to intrude, is to come from parties who nay have an interest in malversation of the funds. What right have we to suppose that diocesan inspection, performed by delegates, will work better than episcopal inspection has worked for the lust three hundred years? The bishops were, by virtue of their office, inspectors of the great public schools, and it is impossible to cite any more flagrant ease of perversion of funds than is presented by the records of the abuses in these institutions. Epis copal inspection has watched over the misappropriation of revenues and the decay of education. Episcopal inspection has seen the funds of one institution growing " small by degrees and beautifully less," until they became an inappreciable quantity : it has re garded with complacency the absorption of the revenues of another school by the master and the disappetuwice of all the pupils; it has looked calmly on while magnificent buildings crumbleddown to in teresting ruins. These have been the result of direct episcopal inspection. Make it indirect, says Mr. Ilextsox, and you shall see what yon shall see. Give us diocesan inspection, and everything will work well. The government has wisely refused to listen to the words of the charmer. In doing so, it has but acted upon a principle, the value of which is tested by all history, that the clergy ought not to have unlimited control over any function of the bode politic, and that the due working of such function Is only to be attained by the co-operation of the laity. We regret to learn that mme difference of etiquette at .‘lexaudria between the high officers sent from the Porte and the I'acha of ECTPT, has so irritated the SULTAN'A minister*, that the demands or remon strances. which were drawn up and had been with held on the representation of Sir STE.tTFORD CAN NING, have now been forwarded to Alexandria. The firman of investiture and of hereditary right, which Sultan \l.tuyot•n granted to the Pacha of EGYPT in 1811, on the advice of the allied powers, was unfortunately so worded, as to satisfy the full pride of the SULTAN ; and therein it is expressly declarcdthat, in all ceremonies the Pacha of loom, notwithstanding his hereditary right, shall be treated on a par with other Paellas. The other conditions to which the ruler of Egrpt was subjected by that firman, and which Re ttEstET Ali accepted, were still more stringent. Not only were the military and naval forces of Egypt limited, but no officer of the rank of colonel could be appointed without the sanction of the Porte, stud no new tax levied without its consent. It was ver y uni ke t u nte that the allied powers should sanc tion the SULTAN in employing such language in what THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 30, 1851. that the bulk of the army would assuredly refuse to follow him. I have mentioned in former letters that publics opinion, alarmed at the comparatively unfavourable tenor of the accounts from California during the last two years, has been rather opposed to the project of sending out emigrants there with the funds of the Lingoes d'Or lottery. Ono of the reproaches ad dressed by M. Reyre to tho dismissed manager, M. Langlois, was that, in seeking to divert any part of the funds from their original det.tinntitm i he was committing a breach of contract with the public, who must be taken to have countenanced the lottery upon the faith that emigration to California was the one beneficent purpose to be furthered by it. The recent notice from the prefecture of police, that the Malouin would sail with emigrants from Has-re in a few days, and would be speedily followed by several other departures, seemed to evince a determination on the part of the new management to adhere strictly to the original scheme. But the Paine last night announced that the Minister at War has asked the government to apply the whole of the lottery funds in sending emigrants to the central agricultural dis tricts of Algeria. Both the National and the I)4We warmly oppose the Californian project, which, indeed, does seem most cruel towards the unfortunate labourers whom it proposes to carry out at the smallest possible cost, and then to leave them to their own resources, with the exception of Li days' provisions with which they were to be furnished. At the end of that time, it is evident that most of them would find starvation staling them in the face, unless—which the anxiety manifested to send them to California leads ono to suspect—a company of speculators should be there already, calculating upon taking advantage of the misery of these men to gain their services at a low price. If the interests of the French colonicsandof the emigrants themselves are to be consulted, it certainly seems that Algeria, with its broad, uncultivated lands, its want of population, its regular govern ment, and comparative proximity, offers a better, or at least a safer, field for emigration, than the lawless wilds of the distant gold regions. The emigration to Algeria failed miserably two years ago, and most of the emigrants returned wretched to France. M. Dupin has made another politico-agricult speech, lus hearers this time being the farmers of Ch♦ team Chinon. He ascribed the present languor in busi ness to political causes, and thought it important that they should be well convinced of this, and not suppose that their private affairs could flourish if they remained indifferent to the public weal. He urged upon them that under a republic it was the duty of every man to take a part in public affairs, in which respect they differed from citizens under a monar chy, whom he compared to the passengers of a ship, trusting to the captain, going to sleep, and arriving safely all the same. He recommended them to se lect the man best qualified to govern them, with the same care that they would choose the best advocate to plead their cause, and the best doctor to cure them of disease, taking special care not to be misled by smooth-tongued vagabonds, to whom they would not sell a hog or a sheep upon credit, but who possessed a marvellous facility for gaining credit for political wisdom. For himself, he had ar rived at an age which required repose; and he should have already retired from political affairs if retire ment were as honourable as activity at a time when activity was necessary and not exempt from danger. Yon may remember a reported appearance of the Virgin Mary to a shepherd and shepherdess at Salette, near Grenoble, which made almost as much noise as the miracles of Rose Tamisier. The Ga:clee de France lately published a pretended confession of the shepherd that he had seen nothing, and had lent himself to a wilful imposture. The Abbe Rousselot, vicar-general to the Bishop of Grenoble, has now, how ever, written a letter to the Opinion Publique, which he begs the whole religious press to re-produce, stating positively, on the authority of the bishop himself, that with respect to the " important fact" of Salette both the shepherd and shepherdess have never ceased to deny that they have ever retracted their original statement. The bishop is about to pronounce offi cially the value which the church will attach to the important fact, which in the meantime bids fair to be a very genuine miracle. To-day being the anniversary of tho birth of the Count of Chambord, the legitimist papers take oc casion to compose a sort of tributory strain in honour of their exiled 'prince. The Opinion Pablique does not stick at heading its article "Le RM." As a con trast to these demonstrations of a lively faith, I may notice a less encoura ,, ing but more practical 'picture of the Count de Chatulx)rd's position, in to-day's Charienri. Ile is there represented in heavy cavalry uniform, with helmet and cuirass, about to start for Paris. M. Bcrryer, followed by Ratapoil, of the society of the Tenth of December, arrives, and thus addresses him, " Prince, my noble friend Baron Ito tapoil and myself have come to say that the best way for you to return to France will be to remain in Germany, and to make all the legitimists vote for Prince Louis Napoleon." The count, bitterly dis appointed, replies, " Then it was not worth while to be writing to me during the last fifteen months to fold myself in readiness to set out, and to keep me senstantly dressed up as a cuirassier." This is really the sum and substance of whole reams of newspapers, sad it is to be hoped, by the way, that the destrue don of this compendious mode of writing contempo rary history threatened by the proposed new law (nominally against caricatures, but in reality against the Clinrienri) may not succeed. If we may judge from the despairing tone of the Union to-day, the legitimist right have small confidence in their tem porizing policy, and doubt painfully whether, by keeping the Count de Chambord in Germany, they will ever succeed in bringing him into France. The niun complains of divisions among themselves, so fatal that revolutionists and usurpers may be content, for the legitimists are doing their utmost to give them the mastery. M. Guizot is still at Val Richer, although the Ma rver makes him assist at political conferences in Paris. A cabinet council, at which the President presided, was held yesterday at St. Cloud. A bill will be presented to the Assembly in Novem ber for appropriating tho port of Lorient to the use of war steamers. Extensive changes are expected shortly in the prefectures. A great number of sub-prefects are at present here, and are daily closeted with the Minister of the Interior, to whom they give reports upon their The Mayor of Bouchet, canton of St. Paul-Trois- Chiteaux, arrondissement of Monalimard, has been dismissed by the President of the Republic, and the Mayor of Selommes has been suspended by the pre fect of the Loir and Cher. The Grand Opera opened last night with a new comic opera, by Boisselot, c all e d " M osqu i ta l a Soreire." The Earl of Westmoreland has arrived here from England. At the Bourse the Five per Cents. rose 33e., and closed at 92.65 ; and the Three per Cents. rose ac., and closed at 56.40. The railway market was not animated. Northerns were in demand, and rose 3.7.1; Orleans, Rouen, and Dieppe fell 2.0. KOSSUTH. The Marseilles journals announce the arrival in that port, on the 26th, of the Mississippi steamer, with Kossuth - and the other Hungarian refugees, to the number of sixty, on board. The %Ilse' only put in for cools, and was immediately to proceed on its way to England. None of the refugees lauded, but several of the townspeople went on board toms: them. SPAIN. MADRID, SEPT. 24. The intrigues of the Polaco-Narvaesistas (the tcog nomenthorollog n o cn iin t is o t s r u y e , h oo o d f twheho share moderados is adherehop hopes of o its getting back into power) form the principal aliment of conversation in political circles. These people, fearing lest Queen Christina should at length listen to the earnest counsels of many of her most influen tial friends, and consent to a (Maio:list ministry composed of Rios Roses, Pacheco, Benavides, and Sa lamanca, supported by Cortina (who, after trimming for several months, has adopted conservative politics with all the ardour of a new convert), and deriving advantage of no common degree from the influence of General Espartcro, whom it is proposed to invite to Madrid, have been endeavouring to renew inter course with Bravo Murillo, if not openly and os tensibly, at least in such a manner that a recon ciliation may be finally effected. Bravo Murillo, jealous of the eulogies bestowed upon Cortina by Christina's paper, the Espana, and alarmed at the liberal doctrines which that print is daily supporting, has shown no reluctance to a reconciliation with General Narvaez. But as in a combination with the latter it would be impossible that any of the secon dary ministers should take part, Bravo Murillo's manner with them has seemed singularly anomalous and contradictory. Armero, the minister of marine, whose friendship with Narvaez and his companions is notorious, serves as the means of communication between the former and the present president of the council. Tho Narvacz party, countenanced by Louis Bonaparte, and upheld by French diplomacy, have succeeded in sonvincing the Queen that the good offices of the French government in the Cuba question are duo not to the influence of the mystic Donoso Cortes, the Spanish plenipotentiary in Paris, but to the council and the inspirations of General Narvaez. The Heralds, which continues to be the organ of Narvacz, makes every possible effort to alarm the public mind with respect to the present situation of affairs, and endeavours to prove that Narvacz alone is the man capable of conjuring the perils that are impending. The events in the isle of Coin have admirably served this object, and, while the public are axiously await ing further news from that important colony, the Heralds's correspondents in Catalonia describe that province as ripe for a revolution. The Epoen, an evening Narvaczist print, supports the views of its morning colleague; but the Orden, the organ of the ministerial party, notwithstanding the ten dencies of Bravo Murillo towards his former colleagues, feebly combats the arguments of I the above mentioned prints. Tho reason of this is ;that Bravo Murillo, while he is not adverse to join Narvaez against the coalition I have mentioned, would like to be provided with means of defence in' case that Narvacz should endeavour to get into power without him. Narvaes's personal friends bitterly lament his not having availed himself of this alarm caused by the news of Lopez's landing in Cuba to present himself in Madrid, as it is un doubted that the Queen would have, iu the first transports of her indignation, put the reins of power in his strong hands. While the idea of the semi-liberal coalition ministry appears to be gaining ground in the palace, Bravo Murillo has conducted himself with much ambiguity in several important questions. In the cabinet council held to decide whether the Spanish minister in Paris should be instructed to deliver a passport to Narvaez, Bravo Murillo supported liliraflores, Gon zales, Romero, and Armero, who voted in the affir mative, against Beltran do Lis, Arteta, and General Lcrsundi, and the permission for Narvacz's return was definitively decided upon. The other question was relative to the conduct to be observed towards' . the ex-regent Espartcro. Tho government had re ceived an insolent communication from the Governor of Logrono, a man whose virulent radicalism was notorious when in the time of the liberal government ho held a command in the most turbulent battalion of the Madrid national guard. This zealous convert to tyrannical government stated in the communica tion alluded to that the residence of the Duke of Victoria was a focus of conspiracy; that the ((wallas (Anglico blackguards) General Vaubalen, Colonel' Correa, the ex-minister, Gomez de la Sernu, and others, sat in daily conclave; that the government need not be uneasy, for that he (the governor), if General Espartero made the slightest movement, "would have him dragged out of his house like a dog." Such are the very words of the despatch. Accordingly, this over-zealous governor has actually surrounded General Espartero's mansion with his blundering police-agents, and has . given serious an noyance to such of Estrartcro's friends who every summer are accustomed to repair to his splendid seat to enjoy the beauties of the country, and many of whom had just arrived for the celebration of the duchess's birth-day. On the return of General Vaubalen to Madrid he called on the Minister of War, and bitterly complained of the insolence of tho governor. The War Minister, who is not mixed up in the plans of Bravo Murillo, and who has much personal respect for the Duke of Victory, carried the complaint to the Council of Ministers ; but Bravo Murillo, without denying that the governor's conduct was unjustifiable, refused to permit any measure to be taken against him, alleging that it would be showing weakness, and giving the complaints of the progressista journals too much importance. General Charon, the captain-general of the province of Burgos, and Espartero's personal friend, has remonstrated against the governor, but nothing has been done. ITALY. PIEDMONT. TURIN, SEPT. 25. To all those whose sympathies are engaged in the mortal struggle between despotism, ignorance, and superstition, on the one hand, and rational liberty, education, and true religion on the other; to all those who are interested in the political events of the Ita lian peninsula, as the field on which that struggle has been, during the last few years, more desperately maintained than in any other part of the continent; the present condition of Piedmont, and the striking contrast which it affords to that of other Italian states now groaning under an entirely opposite policy, cannot fail to present matter for most interesting and gratifying contemplation. Ono of the most re markable features in the actual state of Piedmont is the rapidity with which the constitutional form of government has taken root in the country, and that so deeply and peaceably that no one unacquainted with the recent disasters of Italy would credit the very short date of its new and enlightened existence. The natural result of the frank and sincere acceptance of the constitutional principle by all, or, at any rate, by the majority of all parties, is, in Piedmont, as it ought to be in all other countries, a thoroughly good urderstanding and confidence between the govern ment and the people. Several instances have lately occurred tending to demonstrate this . good fetling,amongst which I may mention the enthusiastic reception of the King at Genoa, a sity of all others the most likely to show its ill-humour without cere mony if any had existed, at a period, too, when the whole of the garrison was absent at the manoeuvres of Dego and Montenotte, and the safeguard of the city entirely trusted to the Genoese national guard. Would King Ferdinand of Naples ever think of trusting his capital to the keeping of his loving sub jects only, or dream of walking about the Toledo whilst his native army and Swiss myrmidons were absent at the annual child's play of the Capuan camp ? I should rather fancy not ; nor would Pio Nano relish a promenade in the streets of Rome, or Bologna, with the French and Austrian troops a few hundred miles away, instead of forming an alley of bayonets for the passage of his sacred cortege. What would be thought if Vienna, Milan, or even Paris, were to be left entirely without soldiers, and given frankly into the loyal care of the national guard? Yet such is at the present moment the con dition of Turin, the garrison of the city having been withdrawn in order to take part in the grand mili tary manceuvres about to bo executed in the plains of Alexandria. The following is the order of the day to the national guard of Turin upon the occasion, dated Sept. 20: The action which will be executed by the royal army on the plains of Marengo will cause the absence of the troops in garrison in this capital for some days. The King's go vernment, in putting forth this resolution, entrusts to the well-known zeal and good will of the National Cluaru the major service of the city. Soldiers! although at this epoch, when many are absent, such an increase of service cannot but prove onerous, still let it be punctually executed, and ict your activity be unfailing, so that you may be rewarded by the unbounded trust which our excellent sovereign and the government repose in you, and the gratitude of your cannily, who sea thus safely give in to your charge the protection of the laws and public tranquillity.—The General Commands[-in-Chief, MAFFEI. The great military display here alluded to is evi dently intended by the Piedmontese government as a cotinterpoise to the unaccountable agglomeration of Austrian troops on the other side of the Tessin. Forty thousand men collected in the environs of Somma, on the Piedmontese frontier, are so many expressive proofs of the benevolence and goodwill with which his imperial majesty regards his consti tutional neighbour, and such a demonstration, under the present circumstances, cannot but be considered as a striking example of Austrian bad taste. I'ied mont is perfectly tranquil; and, unless the unscru pulous conduct of the devastating Attila, flagellant Dei, is to be imitated by the Austrian government, there is no possible reason wily it should be overrun ; by Croatian or Bohemian hordes. It is to be pre- , sinned that even France would be roused to the dan ger of her own pozition were to push her' . advanced sentries into Savoy, and England would cer tainly not relish any coup de main which would bring the whole of Italy, either morally or physically, into the talons of the imperial eagle. The display of Austrian troops on the banks of the Tessin must therefore be considered merely in the light of a bravado, or menace, to which King Victor Emmanuel spiritedly responds by a similar demonstration on his own side of the border. It will be interesting to witness the condition and tenue of the Piedmontese army in this its first considerable muster since the disastrous conclusion of the last campaign. I shall set off for Alexandria for that purpose as soon as the manmuvres commence, and shall not fail to give you the earliest intelligence of their result. Meanwhile it is as well to observe, as expressive of the spirit of diffidence prevailing in the two camps, that ball car tridge has been distributed to the soldiers on both sides. The presence of the Emperor at Milan may possibly have something to do with this display of force on the frontier. It appears that his majesty has been but coldly' received by the Milanese, in spite of the pompous accounts of the papers, great numbers o f the most respectable classes having left the city at his approach. Perhaps they were east down by the reflection that eight centuries ago Frederick Barbarossa was paying the Lombard capi tal a similar visit, after a similar outburst, and a similar defeat ! It must not be supposed that the Sardinian Cabinet is without its difficulties, both with respect to ex ternal and internal questions, but the state, although young in constitutional existence, is vigorous, and, like the infant Hercules, fiercely grasps the throats of its serpent-like aggressors. Doubtless the confi dence of Piedmont, with respect to external dangers, is upheld by the friendship and alliance of England, for in France no real trust is to be placed until the climacteric year of 1852 shall have decided the form of government, and the consequent policy it will adopt ; and it may be easily imagined with what interest the movements of the powerful fleet under the command of Admiral Parker, and its approach to the port of Genoa, are watched by the people of this country, now that Austria assumes such an overbearing attitude by land. With respect to ques tions of internal interest the government is occu pied in the preparation of a series of new or. genie laws, one of the most important of which will regulate the extent of liberty and the right of administration to be granted to municipalities : another subject, which occupies the attention of the ministry, is that of public instruction, a question which produces sonic degree of agitation, particularly as far as regards university education, amongst the well-informed classes, who are fully sensible of its importance to the rising generation. A law is also in preparation for the celebration of matrimony by civil ntc, so as to adapt it to the political equality to which individuals of whatsoever creed are enti tled by the constitution ; this will of course meet with great opposition front the clerical party at Home, and their adherents and instruments in this country, but it will most probably, as well as the other bills I have mentioned, passwith aconsidcrable parliamentary majority on the meeting of the Cham bers, which is fixed tor the 19th of November. The finances form one of the chief difficulties with which the government has to grapple ; but in this, also, the elasticity of the state is prodi gious. The enormous war contribution demanded by Austria is already paid in Coto, and we have recently seen with what readiness the country responded to the government propositions for a national loan, a readiness which could only spring from a thorough conviction of the good faith and capacity of those at the helm of power, and a full conviction of the financial abilities of the minister Cavour. The great mass of political emi grants from other parts of Italy is also a subject of anxiety to the government, both on account of the jealousy which their presence excites in Austria, and the expense which their maintenance brings on the country ; this, however, has much diminished of late, owing to the activity and industry with which most of the emigrants have applied themselves to various oc cupations, and may be now calculated at from one to two hundred thousand francs per annum. On the other hand, in ease of the state being attacked, the presence of 40 or 50 thousand resolute men accustomed for tho most part to the use of arms,might be a valid resource for the Piedmontese government. Many of the refugees are men of considerable property also, and contribute to the prosperity of the general mass. The conduct of the refugees is almost without exception irre proachable, and the king appears fully resolved to continuo to afford them an asylum, without, how ever, neglecting those precautions which are due to the suspicions and timidity of neighbouring govern ments. The negotiations with the court of Rome I are as yet at a standstill, and are likely to be so for some time, since the Piedmontese government has come to the determination to negotiate upon no other basis than that of a complete separation between the spiritual and temporal principles. The best policy of Piedmont is certainly to have no concordat at all —it can only lose by any such treaty—the anti quated pretensions of the Pope are incompatible with the liberty and equality of rights established by a constitutional ri , gnoc. Apropos of equality of rights, I must not omit to mention that tho Piedmontese protestants have already taken steps to enter upon the enjoyment of public worship in this city, according to the terms of the constitution. These protestants, usually known under the denomination of Waldenses, had formerly no right to erect chapels except in localities where ab (macro their form of worship had prevailed, such localities being almost entirely restricted to the vallies of Pincrolo ; members of their community residing in the capital were therefore obliged to claim the protection of the Prussian minister at Turin, and the use of his chapel for the performance of Divine Service according to their own rite ; but since the statute has ensured the toleration of all classes of religionists, without restricting them to any particular localities, the Waldenses have very rightly resolved to enter without delay into the full exercise of their religious liberty, in spite of the bitter recriminations of the ultra-catholic party, who assert that the government encourages the protestants, in order to pay court to England, whilst, in fact, it only grants to this primitive church of the mountains the rightful claims authorised by the constitution. Meanwhile the Waldenses, consi dering possession to be nine points of the law, have already purchased the land on which their new cha pel is to be erected, according to a Gothic design of great taste. The spot chosen is in one of the most central and finest parts of the city, the Viale del Re, or Corso, and the foundations of the church, which is to be dedicated to the Holy Trinity, will be laid in a few days. As the Waldenses are not proverbially rich, their funds will perhaps not be adequate to the completion of their undertaking, without having re course to the sympathy of England, where a collec tion will be made in aid of the first Italian protest ant chapel freely erected in an Italian capital. Thus whilst subscriptions are going on at Rome, amongst the clerical party, in aid of the funds for the erection of a large catholic church in the centre of London, subscriptions will be set on foot in Lon don for the purpose of erecting protestant churches in Italy ; not, as hitherto, for the mere use of those Bri tish sabjects who may be spending their winter under a more genial sky than their own, but for the lawful and undisturbed worship of those Italians, who, either by the example of their forefathers, or from personal conviction, prefer the protestant to the Roman catholic religion. The Waldenses may now be considered as the most enlightened portion of tho Piedmontese--their improvement during the last twenty years has been rapid and remarkable, and they are in a great measure beholden for it to the philanthropy and zeal of an Englishman, General 8., who has long resided in the valley of rinerolo, and where he has devoted his tune and where ho is revered as a kind of patriarcs, means to tho intellectual amelioration of th e People, and to the erection of churches, colleges, a n d infant schools, so that the Waldenses no longer cling to their religion through a mere obstinate attachment to the ideas of their forefathers, but through a mad advancement in protestant education and feeling. This step of the Waldenses has decided the gover n . ment to prepare, amongst other new bills, a s p ec i a l law on the subject of dissenters from the state religion. In concluding this sketch of the present condition of Piedmont, I have only to repeat that, if not oven whelmed by foreign and unjust aggression, the throne of King Victor Emmanuel may be considered as one of the most solidly based in Europe based find on his own good faith and re so l e . upon the affection and confidence of his said ec t s an n the constitution on the other. The the tion o t n o e m h a a l e. n d t a ministers, also, by belonging to the moderate or con stitutional party, and not to the extreme or ' republican one, have been always able to command a majority in the parliament, and have effected more in the way of liberal reforms than would perhaps have been in the power of ministers of more violent principles; indeed, it is chilly to the judicious firmness and enlightened policy of the talented Marquis d'Azeglio, Minister for Foreign Affairs, that we may attribute the prosperous condi tion at present enjoyed by his country. The intainte. I fiance of the constitution, also, depends upon a feel. ing which pervades the members of the Royal family and the aristocracy to a degree that would hardly be credited by any one who has not visited this coun try ; that is, a profound respect for the memory of Charles AlLert, and a reverential desire to follow up that principle which he initiated. The Queen Dowager, Maria Teresa, of Sardinia, has just re paired to Tuscany to pay a visit to the family of her brother the grand duke, at the villa of Marla, where she arrived on the morning of the 19th inst. It has been observed with pleasure by the Piedmontese that her Majesty especially . avoided passing through the city of Lucca in order to escape from the ceremonious couipliments with which the Austrian authorities and military commanders think themselves bound to receive crowned heads. The courtesies of Austrian generals could hardly afford any delight to the widow of Charles Albert. The chief internal comics to the constitution in Piedmont are the priests, who, both by the underhand means natural to their cloth, and by the more open weapons afforded by the press, take every possible opportunity of waging war against the liberal r, , yinie, and restoring the old systent of in. tolerance and despotism. The Arsionia and C'attolico di Genora, organs of the ecclesiastical party, are furious at the establishment of a church and school at Turin by the Waldenses, whom they denounce as enemies to God and christianity, fit only to be driven out of the capital as infidels and heretics. Indeed, the Caltedieo expressly states that it is the duty of the ministry to do so. So much for religions tolera tion here. Now, let us look at what the same paper observes with respect to religions toleration in Eng. land. In a letter from London, dated 29th ult., published by the Caltulico, arc the following euthu. mastic although not strictly true remarks Religion makes immense progress here every day in spite of all the efforts of hell to oppose it. In a few weeks in this city alone two new parishes have been ereeted ; other churches will be opened in a few days, as well us other new parishes, the number of which already amounts to twenty seven. This plainly demonstrates the frailty of protestan tisro, and its imminent total ruin. The protestant papers, as you mar well imagine, arc silent at the sight of our splendid glories, because, as they would redound to their dishonour and confusion, it is to their interest to keep them secret, so that Europe may be ignorant of their solemn de feat, even in the stronghold of protestantis 11l . May God bless the etTorts of the purple pastor (Cardinal Wiseman), and we shall soon sec the destruction of that horrid mon ster which rose three centuries ago to the damage of tho church, the corruption of the universe, and the loss of so many souls. Yes, England, before long, will be entirely catholic. With respect to the famous bill, ev, rylioely aces that it is merely a morn parturiens, since the bishops con tinue to take their titles, with all due reverence to the most excellent minister who dares not touch them The cele brated meeting at Dublin tilled him with the greatest ter. ror. Ile sees that six millions of men, having one and the same heart and soul, aro ready to sacrifice their lives in support of their religion. Mr. (sic) Palmerston also is in the greatest confusion and trembles for the future, for ho well knows what Irish catholicism is capable of. Let us trust in the goodness of the Lord ! The fall of protestantism will come ! So it was decided in the niemorable Irish meeting, and God will be with fervid and devout Ireland. The arrival of Kossuth at Spezia, on hoard the American steamer, Mississippi, has created an im. mense sensation amongst the inhabitants of those parts. The city was illuminated, fireworks were let off, and boats adorned with flags surrounded tho vessel containing the heroic ex-dictator, who was salutedwith repeated tines and bands of military music. The American commodore, who was at tho baths of Lucca, came down immediately to compli ment the illustrious guest. It would doubtless be a subject of embarrassment to the Piedmontcse go. vernment if Kossuth were to disembark, as Austria would not fail to take alarm ut the presence of such a dangerous neighbour ; but it appears not to be his intention so to do, as the vessel will probably leave Spezia before the eight days of quarantano are expired. The King leaves his palace at Moncalicri by tho first train to-morrow morning for Alexandria, where he assumes the command of the army for the grand manceuvrcs, which will last three days, con cluding with a review on the 28th. GERMANY. PRUSSIA. Letters from Coblenz,publiZed in the 06 , 7 -Post Amts Zeitung, states that the 2.3 th infantry regiment stationed there, has been ordered to Kr. lain:Leh, to form part of the new confederation Corp,. 01 ..b.ervation ordered to be formed in the neighbourhood of Franc. fort. AUSTRIA. The telegraphic accounts )f the Emperor's progress through Lombardy reach to the 25t11 of Sept. On the morning of that day the imperial curt , '.o: left Monza for Soma, on the Lago Maggiore. The offi cial paper describes the reception of the Emperor along the shores of the lake as being enthusiastic, triumphal arches having been erected all along the road. The Emperor reached Soma by steamer at half-past five in the afternoon. Ile is to return to Vienna rii Innsbruck and Munich. 1k will reach the latter capital on the 2nd of October, for the purpose of conferring with King Maximilian. Oar Vienna correspondent writes: VIENNA, SEPT. 21. It is rumoured that the assumption by Archduke Albrecht of his new post as governor-general of Hun gary, will be inaugurated by a general amnesty. The rumour is highly improbable. The Vienna Gazette copies in full, this morning, from the Petah Gazette, the sentences of the court-martial on Kos suth and his companions, together with their descrip tions and the nature of their crime. I gave an account of the burning in effigy, with u list of tho unfortunate sufferers, in a former letter. Prince Windischgratz, the bombarder of Prague and Vienna, will, it is rumoured, receive the appoint ment of governor-general of Bohemia. Since the 16th of September, when the additional 23 per cent. discount for subscriptions to the new loan ceased, not more than 243,100 florins have been sub scribed within the Austrian dominions. At tho same time the compulsory measures of the govern ment ceased, and the sums subscribed, therefore, until the 23rd inst., arc satisfactory , evidence of the small sum the government would have received had they not had recourse to exaction. Up to the 23rd inst., only 5,100,000 florins had been subscribed abroad. I'he total subscriptions thou amounted to 54,573,600 florins, leaving more than 30,000,000 to be subscribed. A rumour on 'Change, yesterday, had it that the Duke of Modena had subscribed for the whole of the untaken amount. The Prease made its appearance this morning as announced. The advertisement of the proprietors ' promises no politics, but plenty of political ecohomy and amusement. _ _ _ ifettcrnich returned on Tuesday evening, accom panied by Pi incest; Melanie, Princes Richard and Paul. '1 he Oesterreiehische Correspumienz greets him as follows : The return of Prince Metternich yesterday will not fail to rejoice the countless admirers of the personal virtues of this celebrated statesman. It must also be grateful to every true friend to the legitimate principle to sec terminated the involuntary absence of a man who has been uadcr all circumstances one of its firmest supporters. The lifo of Prince Metternich belongs to history. History will one day sit in judgment on the faults of his system, but cannot fail also to value at their proper worth all its advantages u well fu➢ir his c sari our his l on the for wor ga y . reel bou &Lou par fro: tin