The Express. — London, England, 1863-01-29 00:00:00

IN FUN THIS WEEK, One Penny, Lord Stanley, M.P. I'm air to Snit& Mona of Literature . Airman& and Diary. Prise asap. comic Encyclopedia, dc. Now ready, handsomely bound In magenta cloth. at, price la ed.: pod paid lis., THE swoh . D HALF. y way VOLUME of ruN, with numer ous Engravtop by talentedartlats, and articles by siatinguith e d writers. The First Volume, uniform with the Second Volume, on sale. mem, se, Fleet-street. eIAMPAGNE, DRY and DELICATE. pi nra s4L . Quarts Mk. at tLomm, !away =Ma d e paid. Recommended with conartenos.—MlY BBILT and Co., Importers. Old ' , urn Wars MgOleg, Ha kim L c. and legent-street, Waterloo-place, a„m, HHARMONIUMS.-NSW MODEL CRAMER, UAL; and WOOD, 101, lagestdtreet Elie •xlnegcrc. TO OpPJJBPONDHYT9. Idrertteemente beteitdwil toe " The Koreas" London &wing Paper, moat be at as dies, 10, boureriewleeet, by Two o'clock on the day of pelelkfalica. UOVINT ()ARNIM. Tim, Emma. WITS TRIVIOIL Mr. 6. Perron, Mr. W. H. Wain Madame Laura izYr. and Ilia Loans P)ne —And HASIAQUIN BEAUTY AND THE RlAST.—Coaductor, Mr. A. Ilelion.—Commence at tin =aka to 7. HAYMAZIkti. law Evanora. OUR AYR:RICAN COUSIN. Ilires. /lcAhern and backutone Mra. PLINCS OF ABYIMINIA. Mr. Compton and Illr L Lealey.—And OUR DIARY Ati NL lir. Clark and My liarevar. PRINCIBB%. Tuts Evßim, LAW I. LOVH—ONZ GOOD TURN DZSIRNIII3 ANOTHER. Mr. E. Rod" and Was Amy Bodgwlek. And 3.1 Q (ALT WITH THE TUFT ; or, Hariequlasad Mother 111hIpton. Now. !Claw, H. Power, sad Holford ;M1 A. WlLlnion. LYCEUM. Tim Erman, ♦ BUDDER - ATTACK. Messrs. Whid!comb, Garden. and More Miss Heard° and Mrs, Lee.—And THE DUKE'S MOTTO. Mama hater, 0. Wiling, Brougham, and Raymond , Mites C. Leclerc% K. Terry, acd sworthy. BRITANNIA. TRW BVlnnia, tie Pantomime, AEON HASSAN. Mrs. Lane . Mwara Evans, na* Newham. and Male. Cartago Stephan . Ton Sayers and his two pertorralog Mules.—And MAR 1" EDMONoTONS.—Ccanzaanoe at half-past IL HIGH WA AT WNW, =IDOL. ?9v9 DAY Mania& 90. 1719.....Antrassa. 99. 571 a. 20-606901Imatag, 109. 1ftwa.....A0150041111. 19e. LONDON, THURSDAY, JANUARY 29. Tim Emperor of the Falwell seems to have addressed another despatch to the American Go vernment on the subject of the civil war which is still raging between the North and the South. This is not the first time the Exranos has at tempted to stay the struggle. Last time he proposed an armistice, during which hostilities were to cease, and Europe was to obtain cotton. That proposal being objected to, the KIIPII/011 now proposes that the North "should enter into direct " negotiations with the authorities of the South." For this purpose it is suggested that the repre sentatives of the c tarr d ties might meet in a city which could be neutral. The grievances which have led to theseparation could be examined. The representatives might consider whether seces sion is an unavoidable extremity, and whether the recollection of former times and common interests is not more powerful than the causes which have brought the two people under arms. No reason able man imagines that after what has hap pened, and under present circumstances, the North and South can come to terms. In order to attain this object, not only must both parties abandon their ground and repudiate the principles which they have hitherto declared to be essential— the North must withdraw the Proclamation of Eman cipation, and the South must reject Slavery, the corner stone of their policy—but the South must permanently submit to be ruled by those against whose rightful dominion they have risen in arms. There is aasuredly an antagonism between the North and the South—between free labour and slave labour, which transcends the genius of accommoda tion. The "irrepressible conflict," now that it has broken out into war, cannot be suppressed—it must be quenched in blood. The conquest of the South ot permanent separation is inevitable, and pos sibly Lours NAPOLEON knows this as well as any man living. But he may, perhaps, hope that a meeting between the accredited representatives of the North and South may tend to clear up the essential issues of the dimpute, or that in any event he may show himself to the world as • powerful peacemaker. So long as the French Expiaos confines himself to offering advice and to counselling a cessation of hostilities, the course a the British Government is clear. It has simply to maintain, ea hitherto, a strict neutrality. It is for the Passim= and his Cabinet to determine upon the course which they will pursue. That course can only be settled by considerations of their own honour and dignity ; for they may rest soured that whatever course they may determine to pursue, in that the people of this country will acquiesce. But until some vital change takes place in the re lations between the contending parties in America no change is to be looked for in the conduct of the * British Government towards either party. From the beginning of the contest both parties have possessed the rights of belligerents, and these privileges will remain ; but beyond this nothing can be granted. Indeed, the only thing that could be done would be to recognise the South as an independent State ; and this is clearly impel'- Bible. This declaration of policy may seem super fluous, but unfortunately some of the leading journals of this country have opened their columns to the discussion of this subject, and writers by weak arguments and mistaken facts have succeeded in weakening a position which needed no support. How is it possible to recognise the South as an independent State T In the first place, what is the South ? What States does It comprise ? What States do Mr. Jarvis- HON DAvis and his fellows themselves in elude within its limits 1 The very nation which is supposed to claim recognition is undefined, or rather unknown. But in the second place, even if it were known it cannot be recognised. In order to recognise a new State the means must exist of communicating with it. But how are the Euro pean powers to communicate with the Confederate authorities t The porta are all blockaded ; the frontiers to the North and West are held by the Federal'. Mow is it possible that any envoy from the European governments should obtain access to the new government I If any British minister were to attempt to cross the frontier he might be seized by the Federal soldiers—if he were to attempt to enter the Confederate States by sea he must run the blockade. The mere physical impossibility of any foreign government sending an envoy into the Southern States, except by stealth, is conclusive to show that, under present circumstances, recognition is out of the question. FT.uaine all the writers on International Law— search through all the precedenta—try the ques tion by the light of nature or by the light of ex perience, and we venture to say that no case in the annals of history can be found in which a nation which has had no means of communicating with any other nation has obtained, or even claimed, recognition. Ebe Court. OSBORNE, JAIL X The Queen drove out yesterday with Princess Louis of Heise. Major• General the Hoe. A. Hoed woo i• attendance. The Prince of Wales, attended by Captain Grey, left town about one o'clock raterday, for Osborne, Isle of Wight. r, JAL Si. His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, sa c ompanied by Earl Russell, emterked frees Southampton Docks this afternoon in the royal yacht Fairy for Osborne. The Guardian says :—" We have sufficient autho rity for Mating that, although it is impossible to defer the marriage of the Prinoe of Wales beyond Mid-Lent (St. Gregory's Day), Thursday, March 12, it will not in any way be contrary to the wishes of the Queen that those who, with sufficient reason, may feel it inexpedient to countenance in Lent the rejoicings proper to the occasion, should postpone the festivities till after Easter." It is said that orders have been given to have a Danish squadron is medians to aocompany the Princess Alexandra to England. The ships have not yet been fixed upon, but it is believed the Skjold, the Jylland, the %re load, and the Niels Juel are among the most likely ; and all of them could ire ready for sea on a very short notice. Lord Ribblesdale arrived at the Pavilion Hotel, Folkestone, on Tuesday, from the Coatinent. Sir Edmund and Lady Prideaux have arrived at towehin'e Hotel from Emma. Sir George and Isidy Houston Boswell have arrived ►t Howchie's Hotel. The announcement that Mrs. Sheridan Knowles, on the recommendation of the premier, was to remiss a life nonstop, appears to be without foundation. (It is now stated that his lordship, in a letter expressive of his regret that there is no vacancy upon the scanty fund which is alto• cated for such a purpose, and of the feelings he entertains as to the strong claims poresead by Mrs. Knowles, has in timated that all he aaa at present do is to direct that a mall donation should be made to her. We (Times) understand that Convocation will meet at the Chapter-house, SR Paul's, at 11 o'clock on Tuesday, February 10, and that after the transaction of merely formal business it will be adjourned till 11 o'clock the next day, then to meet as usual at Westminster for the transaction of ordinary business. Yesterday morning the Bishop of London com menced his annual series of confirmations in the Boyd Military Asylum, Chelsea, in the presence of a large number of the clergy of the district and oaken of the institution. An important and influential deputation waited within the last few days upon the two archbishops and the Bishop of Loudon, at their respective residences. to re present to these dignitaries the necessity for a combined organisation of clergymen and laymen to extend the spiri tual t working of the church of England. Mort of the laymen in the deputatioa stated that they belonged to societies for the defence of the church of England.from external enemies, but they felt that it was useless to - guard it from without unless action was ha , . proved within. Their present object was to increase the number of clergymen in the church till their numbers were adequate to take the pastoral oversight of the whole popu lation ; and this they thought would best be actompliehed by beginning with some manageable district--say a rural deanery—where all the local resources would be applied to the purpose and supplemented by the liberality of the dis trict. The three dignitaries to whom these remarks were addressed, in answer, highly approved of the object and of the plan of attaining it, and cordially promised the pro moters all the assistance in their power. Chichester Forteecue, Esq., M.P., has forwarded to A. Smith, Beq., chairman of the town commisniouen, 501., the joint donation of himself end lady, the Oonstess Waldegrave, for the poor of Aides. The spirit of union seems to be gaining upon the citizens of Dublin. Oe Tuesday the Lord Mayor presided at a meeting of the Sick and Indigent Root:Aspen' Society, when resolutions were moved by the Des of St. Patrick's end the Rev, Dr. Sprat, head of the Carmelites in that city, of whom the dean spoke in the moat brotherly halm The society being worked by proterauite and Roman catholis, and some complaints having been made of pallidity ia the management, letters were read from a =abet of the Dublin protestant clergy testifying that no unfairness had bees shown towards the poor members of their segregations who sought aid from the committee. All parties agree that there is great destitution among the poor of Dublin at present. A meeting was held yesterday at the London Tavern to take into cossidersUon the aucetica of transporta tion to Western Australia. Major Sandford occupied the chair, and strongly supported the sending of oonvicts to Western Australia. These views were supported by other speakers, Lod it was shown that there was in the colony indicated a great want of labour, and that convict' as labourers would be gladly welcomed by the colonists. Eventually it was resolved to present a memorial to the Colonial Secretary on the subject. The promeaings of the Thamee Conservancy Board are metier/ great alarm among the wbarfiegers and owners of 3 property shag the banks 04 the Mamie. The board proposed to obtain a bill dill further to incase its powers, and the pusege of this bill promises to be warmly contested. A meeting of persons interested wee bold yester day at the Fialimongen' Hall, and reackstions were pissed appointing a committee to take steps to oppose the bid A subscription was entered into, and considerable some were put down. It is gated that the Emperor Napoleon has drawn up for the education of his son a curriculum of studies which will fill a volume, and of which ten copies are to be printed. On the morning of Saturday, the Countess Tal leyraratTerigord presented the French ambassador at Bar ba with an addition to the family in the shape of twin daughters. M. Alberto Mario, the husband of Miss White, hie declined to ut in parliament fur the ccestiresey of Media in lingly, by which he was lately returned. His refusal reds on nerdy political grounds. He professes himself a republican, and as stir unqualified to sit in • owistitutional trembly. A letter in the Times from San Francisco of Nov. 26, gays :—" Yesterday we had • marked illustration of the valise of the telegraph in the receipt of late news from England that the English and Reeds& governments had declined to intervene ia American affairs. The rapidity with which the news has travelled so peat a distance is somewhat striking. The telegram retched Sea Francisco at 11 a.m. yesterday. It informs us that the Arabia had arrived on the day before (the 24th) at Cape Race, Newfoundland, with dates from Liverpool to the 15th, and from Queenstown to the 16th inst. From Cape Race the ours was telegraphed to New York, and thence by the overland telegraph to San Francisco, thus bringing us information of great interest from the old world on the morning of the ninth day from the date of OA dispatch (by the steamer) from Ireland. The numwage °seising 2i73 words, besides the introductory passages. When the telegraph is in good order and has not much work we have almost instantaneous communication with New York, the only break in the working being at Chicago, the principal intermediate station." A letter from Trieste, in the Ott-Deutsche Post, 'peaked a manifestation in favour of Italy, which has just taken place at the theatre in that town. A piece was re cently performed in which a lottery is drawn before the public. The actor charged with that task chose No. 59 (1859) instead of that indicated k his part. A loud bunt of applause took place. The director was condemned to a tins, and he was ordered to choose another number for the next repremintaticia. He obeyed, and No. 63 was made to come out of the nn. Fresh applause ensued, the Italians appearing to think that they should obtain in 1863 what theyeoall not get in 1862. Phe Moviiiiento of Genoa gives a very favourable secant of General osribskll's health. Baring got oat of bed for the first time on the 20th be walked a little co crutches ; on the 22nd he took a walk out of doors, and on the 24th he went oat &him. Dr. Albesseme is sow the oaly physician that attends his --- "We understand," says the Journal de Romeo, " that the protestant ladies of Frame us at this se meat signing a petition to he addramd to the Queen of Scala praying for the pardon of lILLIMINCIIN sad Alheatar, lately oondemed to nine years' imprisonment for havfmg eireidated the Bible in Spain and read prayers according to the reformed religion. The petition is said to have already received a large number of siguattirea" THE EiPlitSSI . 0 • THURSDAY EVF:RING, JANUARY 29, 1863. :a4•40 both—it can sleet the conquest of neither, bet k can away be stopped by the United States. In the eyes of God mad man they are responsible for its longer continuance. If lise world will elevate all its energies to stopping the war will soon relieve the future of all its gloom, restore peace to the country, and prosperity to both nations. CONFEDERATE FINANCES. (From the Richmond Sisgativer, Jan. 9.) The Confederate States have revived the French assigoat system as the financial scheme for conducting war, and its results will prove as dissatrous io this country as in France. Taxation is the only means of supporting war. The sooner Congress realises this fact the sooner shall we see the beginning of the end of the evils which now embar rass the government as well am people. la the present Mate of affairs a direct tax is the only mode by which taxation can be made available, and never in the history of the country were its affairs in a better condition to beer the burdens of taxation. While there is no commerce to bear its proportionate share of the burden, yet agriculture, and manufactures, and trade were never so prosperous ss at present. Every article of domestic produc tion now brings prime that will well bear the clippings of taxation. Wheat, corn, pork, beef, oats, hay, wool, fodder and straw are selling at prices never before paid in this country. Cotton when sold brings treble its usual price, and when not sold is daily advancing in value. Manufac tures of every kind, under the impetus of the war, have in creased in amount and enhanced in value. Trade has expe rienced a like impetus from an abundant currency, until it has degenerated into shameless speculation and inordinate extortion. Taxation can be made the means of compelling 'pecula tion and extortion to contribute to the support of the war, as well as to the relief of the country. It is the duty of the Congress now about to assemble to immediately set itself to work, not to talk and perfect a tax bill that will afford 100 to 150,000,000 millions a year to the Tresinu7. The principle and details of the bill should have in view, not the protection of any particular branch of agriculture, manufacture, pr trade, but only the best and surest mode of ruling revenue. After the war is over, legislation can be legitimately turned to the fostering of particular branches of trade ; but while the fate of all is un certain and undecided, the ends and objects of legislatios should be the defence of all. In addition to taxation, the Congress will be expected to devise means of compelling the immense Confederate notes now in circulation to retire from the channels of trade and find investment in the bonds of the government. That this will be a matter of great difficulty is not attempted to be disguised. While legislation gave no feature of currency to the notes, it is its duty to prevent this currency feature from producing evils that threaten the safety of the govern- ment itself. No plan that ran be devised for compelling the funding of Treasury notes will be entirely devoid of some hardships and apparent injustice. And while the government should, as far as possible, avoid even the appearance of injustios, yet the effects of one evil may be so great as to demand its suppression even at the wet of injustice. The evil of a su perabundant Treasury issue must be 'appraised. How shall this be done' Not by substituting a plat note for a white one, nor a Duncan note for a Hoyer and Ledwig ; but by some measure of legislation that will prevent the necessity of continually issuing Treasury notes to meet government liabilities. The Treasury notes promise to pay a certain sum to bearer six months after the ratifioatioa of peace, and in the meantime these notes are " receivable in payment of public does, and fundable in 8 per cent stocks and bonds." These Treasury " promises to pay" have been made by public sen timent • legal tender for private as well u public dues, and men have been arrested and imprisoned for refusing to receive these notes. The brand of traitor has been mod properly fixed on any man who, by declining to receive these notes, has cast suspicion on the solvency of the government. No legislation that human isgenuity could devise, can give the terrible sanction to the currency of these notes that public sentiment has affixed to them. This very feature, stamped more legibly upon them than the foots which seldom adorn sad often mar these notes, should cause Coegrees so to legislate that there never should be out of the Treasury at any one time more than a given amount, to be regulated by the trade demand of the coun try. This sum we understand to be 150,000,000 dole. The public sentiment of the country has made these Trea sury notes a legal tender, and, as we can see no obstacle either of constitutional or financial policy that forbids it, Congress might authorise the bole of 150,000,000 of notes, which should be exchanged at the Treasury for the notes now oat, at the ate of two dollars in bonds and one dollar in notes for three dollars of the bine now out. If, in addi tion to this, Congress should adopt such legislation as would deprive the notes, now out, of the currency feature, the 150,000,000 of new notes would retire nearly the whole amount of the Treasury notes now in circulation, and leave a currency of 150,000,000, which, with the issues of bank and State Treasury notes, would be more than the country needs. The proposition adopted by Alabama and South Carolina and approved by Virginia, for guaranteeing Confederate bonds, will enable the government to dispose of its bonds, and increase its finances up to the amount that may be needed over and above what taxation may produce. Taxation is required to give value to the bonds ; there must be some visible sources of revenue to pay the interest with, before capitalists or people can be expected to part with their money for any bonds. The policy of taxation once adopted, sod State guarantees added, foreign capital ists will put their faith in the bonds, which stability of government always confers, and which cannot be expected from our new and untried Confederacy, still in the throes of delivery from the old government. Without taxation State guarantee will avail nothing. RUMOURED SURRENDER OF 7,000 CON FEDERATES, WITH AMMUNITION. TWO DAYS LATER. (zzona's 211LROZAM. ) QUEENSTOWN, JAN. 29. The steamer City of Washington, from New York on the 17th of January, has arrived here with 88 passengers and 938,720 dollars in specie. LATEST INTEdilltoE. • THE POLISH INSURRROTION. The following letter just received from Warsaw is of painful interest : . . . . The Oossacks are everywhere giving chase to the young men who eso•ped from Warsaw to join the insurgents. The latter appear determined to resist with arms. Our city is extremely agitated. On one side, the government is taking all imaginable precautions to ward off an explosion ; on the other, the despair of the inha bitants forbodes a bloody conflict, which would doubt less be terminated by a new hecatomb of human vie time. The very women are in a state of perfect exal tation. Last Sunday an ecclesiastic, the Abbe Goliaw, having preached in the cathedral • sermon, in which he denounced the national movement, a woman exclaimed, with • loud voice, " 0 Lord God ! you see that the enemy pursues us everywhere. Here are false preachers falsely interpreting your laws, while assailing love of country, and endeavouring to break the courage of the nation. Lord, have pity on our sufferings !" A torrent of tears and spasmodic sobs stopped the interruptor. The Abbe Ooliaw, surprised and terrified, became pale and oould not re. some his discourse for some minutes, when he congratulated the public cn not being associ►ted with this rebellion against the word of God. I I could relate to you other scenes of thii kind ; but the foregoing is one of those which best depict the despair to which the greater part of our population is • prey. The I conscripts are crowded in the citadeL It is affirmed that they were deprived of all nourishment for twenty-four hours. It is added that they were afterwards gorged with alcoholic drinks th►t produced in many of them a wild delirium, which the official journal has not failed to represent to the public as • proof of the happiness which enrolment under the Russian flag had pro- dated in these unfortunates. The numerous band of young men who had assembled in the neighbourhood of the town of Scroek has dispersed. They were without arms, and the troops surrounded them in such ► manner as to render any resist ance impossible. Another gathering took place in the forest of Kampinosy. Enclosed on three sides by troops, the men, nevertheless, discovered a route by which they were enabled to traverse the Vistula, and escape any 01100911- ter with the soldiers. There is great alarm here as to the issue of this affair. It is said that the revolutionary committee, which has constantly urged on the population to • desperate struggle, has lost public coo , Meow, and that it ought to be replaced by ► more mode rate committee, acting according to plans more maturely prepared. It is also alleged that the committee, wishing to retain its influence, has resolved to play the game oat, and to summon the whole kingdom to arms. I that this rumour may have a serious foundation : we are in • fearful crisis ; God grant that it may not sod in a catas trophe. _ . (nTITXVII rawer.) ST. PETERSBURG, JAx. 29. The Journal de St. Petersboureof today contains news respecting the insurrection in Poland until the 28th inst., which merely confirms the telegrams already published. The same paper says that the intelligence re ceived by the government from all quarters is fa vourable to the cause of order. MXDIATION IN AMERICAN AFFAIRS. The Paris Temps is of opinion that M. Dronyn de Lhuys new overtures to America will not be deemed acceptable, and that even if accepted, they will not conduoe to the desired result. " The two programmes of the North and South are now more irreconcileable than they were at the oom- mencement of the war, and now more than ever it seems impossible to see any other solution than the triumph of one party and the exhaustion of the other. That is the opinion of the English press, and it is also ours." The New York Tribune of the 14th has the fol lowing on the subject of mediation : It is well known that the French Emperor has taken up the idea of a speedy settlement through friendly mediation, and that he is not apt to forego or change his par prom lightly. Great Britain assures him that she would rigidly aid him if she could. His success would be very generally applauded in Europe, and would sensibly humus his prestige and morel power. That intervention or mediation of some sort is preparing —that it will be upon us before June, if our arms shall not meantime be crowned with &dive eareemer— is morally certain. Now, we do sot invoke this mediation—we have in no manner invited nor sought it—we but consider how our go verment should receive and treat it, in case it is proffered. dad our oatmeal is—Take the weapon by the hilt rather than the point--assume that it is friendly and generous, not sinister and hostile. Meet it with the inquiry, " When you shall have obtained the adhesion of the Con- Wet= to the arbitration—if arbitration it be—that yea propose, we will at owe take it int, earnest consider ation, with a sincere desire to find its acceptance compatible with our imperative duties." Such we hold to be the wise, humane, Christian way of meeting this momentous overture. " But the rebels will not baton to arbitration, unless on a teas which concedes to them the main point in die nutiv." So much the worse for them, then ! They will then stand before Christendom responsible for all the carnage and world-wide misery that may follow. "0, then you are only dooming—your assent to arbitra tion is only a dodge." Not at all ! Our meant is perfect, hearty, sincere. The aseamplka that the Confederates will reject arbitration is net eons--it is the world'i, We are not in Jeff. Davis's meadow" and never 'spired to be. We do not know, and have net ewonmed to decide, what he will do in the pre miss. We only say, " You strengthen the argument for acamisnee on ow pert." If we were to evince a willing ness to raider favourably the project of arbitration after the rebels should have adopted it, and they were thereupon to *sot it, or insist on conditions which make it a farce, we shall have gained immensely by our treatment of the proffer, and lost nothing at all. And there we drop the sabjset The Riehmond Enquirer of the 9th makes an extract from an article in the New York IVorld its text, and urges a truce for Biz months. It says : Shies war has felled after its most persistent effort to region the Union, common sense would suggest an armis tice to see if agencies other than war would have any effect upon the " rebellion and recalcitrant people." Let six months el truce try its powers of adjustment, its arguments end possuasiens, and if these fail—if neither by arms nor pessamaion—by conflict nor argument—by C&00011 nor cam. premise—the Union can be restored, the folly of longer delaying the recognition'of Confederate nationality will be so great that permanent peace will result long before the six months of truce shall have expired. _ _ _ For eighteen months the people of the Confederate stable have stood the fiery ordeal of unparalleled battle ; they have never wavered nor shrunk from the conflict ; mei the lit of January, 1863, Hods their army larger in uumbersosore efficient in equipment. more confident of sueeme, peat in their moues% sod, though openly avow fig pea* anxiety for peso., yet perfectly willing to coa ti.oe the conflict. Will not our defeated, disheartened sod disappointed enemies ever learn the folly of restoring the.iynion by tyrsni forc cal e arms— of , conquering our consent to ant War has failed to restore the Union. Scott, IrDowell, WClellan, Pope, and Burnside in the East ; II•lleck, Great, and Reasomens, in the West ; Butler and Banks in New Orissa ; Hunter in South Carolina, and Foster in Nails Carolina, have all failed. War is • " played out" restorative. It is • sad confessioa for the United States, hat it is true. The sootier the fact is recognised, admitted, and acted upon, the happier will be their people. Separation is inevitable, war has failed to prevent it, peace cannot atop it. An armiatios with proposition for reconstruction by con rtitntionial amendments, of conventions of States, would very soon reveal the fact that separation was flo►l, and, as far ea one ',aeration can speak for its successors, it Is eternal. Then why not stop the conflict, and set about, like sensible people, to adjust the terms upon which the two nations can live upon the same continent in peace mid harmony! To this end the contest has got to corn.. Enough blood has been shed to test the valour and approve the manhood of both nations, as well as to teach each the blessings of peace is the future, sad make each ch►ry of giving offence. The continent is large enough for both ; its mpabilities of production can employ the energies of two motions. War can accomplish only the exhaustion of (Pin City of Washington.) NEW YORK, JAS. 16. Jefferson Davis's message has been sent in to the Confederate Congress. He declares the anxiety of the South for peace, but says that ita determination against tsubmission is unalterable. He denounces the conduct of the Union armies as atrocious and cruel. Referring to Mr. Lincoln's emancipation proclamation, he says he may well leave it to the instincts of the common humanity of men of all countries to pass judgment upon a measure by which millions of human beings of inferior race, peaceful and contented labourers in their sphere, are doomed to extermination, while they are encouraged to commit assassination by an insidious recommendation to abstain from violence unless in self-defence. Com. missioned Federal officers attempting to execute the proclamation will, if captured, be delivered to the State authorities to be dealt with according to the State laws for the punishment of criminals exciting insurrection. The Alabama has captured two more vessels off Port Maria. NEW YORK, J.N. 16, EvvriNG._ It is supposed that a large portion of the Confe derate army has been withdrawn from Fredericks burg. The Philadelphia Enquirer says that numbers of negroes are deserting from the Federal' at Port Royal. COILBEERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.. NEW YORK, JAM. 16, Evuri6c. - Money easy ; gold, 461 premium. Exchange, 161. Stooks steady : New York Centrals, 1161 ; Illinois shares, 90 ; Erie, 73}. Cotton very firm : Middling Upland, 72u lour heavy, and 60. lower. Wheat good inquiry. Corn inactive, at a de cline. Provisions quiet. Coffee, sugar, and mo lasses very firm. NEW YORK, JAN. 17, Yoga. The telegraphic summary of Jefferson Davia's Message which appeared in the New York papers was imperfect. Mr. Davis complains that the European powers declared neutrality without ac knowledging the sovereignty of the seceded States, thus injuring the South and prolonging the war by admitting the doctrine that the Federal government had a right to coerce the seceded States. If these States were inde pendent the refusal to entertain the same inter national intercourse with them as with the North was unjust, no matter what may have been the motive prompting it. He does not complain of any treaty being concluded between the United States and Europe for the abolishment of privateering, although the prohibition to either belligerent to dispose of its prizes in European ports operated with intense severity against the South, by de priving her of the only means of maintaining, with some approach to equality, a struggle on the ocean. Rumours are current of an early movement of the army of the Potomac. General M'Clernsn's expedition has captured an Arkansas poet 50 miles up the Arkansas river. Seven thousand Confederates, with stores and ammunition, are reported to have surrendered. Six Federal vessels have left New Orleans to re capture the Harriet lane, and to destroy the Con federate gunboats at Bayou Buffalo. Nearly all the troops under the command of General Banks are at Baton Rouge. The Confederate General Bragg is superseded by General Longetreet, whose corps d'armde is trans ferred to Tennessee. The Confederates are encroaching upon the Union lines at Donaldsonville. The motion which was made in the House of Representatives to lay a bill on the table autho rising an enlargement, for the passage of gunboats; of the Mississippi and Michigan Canals, and of other canals connecting tho Lakes of Erie and Ontario with the Hudson River, was rejected. It is rumoured that Secretary Chase will resign if the Finance Bill of the Committee of Ways and Means passes Congress. No Speaker has yet been elected in the New York Assembly. George Francis Train has narrowly escaped lynching at Jamesville, Wisconsin. The following is from the Times' telegram, dated New York, Jan. 17 : "It is smarted that General Burnside has made a new movement scram the Rappahannock, but no details are known. The other war news is not important. General Sweeny, with 1,000 men and a section of artillery, is reported to have defeated 1,400 Confederates, with four cannon, under Ge neral Roddy, at Cane Creek, Alabama, capturing 82 prisoners and 50,000 dollars' worth of cotton, grain, horses, &c. "General Grant has fallen back to Oxford, Mis sissippi, and for the present has abandoned his movement upon Grenada. "On their retreat after the battle of Vicksburg the Federal gunboats proceeded up the Arkansas River. On the 11th they assailed Arkansas post, 100 miles from the river's mouth. The post was defended by 7,000 men, who, being attacked in i front and rear, surrendered unconditionally, after a short and sharp struggle, and a loss of 550 killed and wounded. " The Federal loss is reported at 200 killed and wounded. " Colonel J. W.Wall,who was arbitrarily sent to Fort Lafayette by Mr. Simon Cameron a few months ago, has been elected senator for New Jersey. Mr. Cameron, who was himself a candi date for the same position in Pennsylvania, has been rejected. " A joint resolution, authorising Mr. Chase to issue 100,000,000 dole. worth of greenbacks for the payment of the army and navy, has passed both houses, thus giving him double the amount he asked for that purpose. In like manner, the Mis souri Emancipation Aid Bill, which proposed an appropriation of 10,000,000 dohs., has been reported back by the Judiciary Committee, with a recom mendation that it be increased to 20,000,000 dole. . . " Reporta have been received of further depre dations by the Alabama in the West Indies. She captured two vessels in Mona Passage, the date not stated. One of them, the Parker, of Boston, was destroyed ; the other, the Union, from Baltimore, was released on giving a bond of 1,500 dollars for the vessel. The cargo was not touched, being owned by British subjects. " The premium on gold advanced on the 15th to 50. The closing offer of yesterday was 471." (azvra•e TELsolums.) FRANCE. PARIS, JAN. 29. ' TheMoniteur of to-day says :—" Lord Cowley has been instructed by Earl Russell to express to M. Drouyn de Lhuys the satisfaction felt by the British government on account of the late speech of the Emperor to the French exhibitors, and its strong desire to see the sentiments of mutual esteem daily strengthen the ties of friendship which upite the two nations as well as their governments." The Moniteur also says :—" Letters from St. Petersburg, dated 27th inst., state that the nobi lity and peasantry have kept aloof from the move ment in Poland." The Moniteur also publishes a letter from Rome, announcing that several leaders of brigand bands had been arrested by the Pontifical gendarme,. "Those facts," says the Moniteur, "testify to the activity of the government of the Holy See to prevent the Roman territory from becomiog the refuge of the instigators of brigandage in the Nea politan states." SPAIN. MADRID, JAN. 23. It is considered probable that Senor Isturits will be appointed Spanish ambassador at Paris. Marshal O'Donnell has bad a conference with Senor °long& ' • Many conjectures are afloat in reference to this circumstance. Marchal O'Donnell continues to enjoy the con fidence of the Queen. A SAD SKATING AcciDINT. TwENTY SKEEN PERSOSS llsowsr.o.—BiogliAmptoo, New York, Tuesday, Jae. 13.—A very mournful catastrophe occurred at Harpers ville, Broome County, yesterday. A pleasure party of thirty-seven ladies end gentlemen were skating on a pond in that vicinity, when the Me gave way, and twenty-eeven of them were drowned.—New York Tillielt, Jae. 14. THE PAROCHIAL AsHEBSKINT Acr.—Yesterday a meeting of deputations from the various aenemmeut com mittees in the county of Bent wee held at the Court•hons% Maidstone, with the view to the adoption of some general principles as to the deductions that should be made in re spect of various kinds of rateable property. A long discus sion took place, and the following were the recommenda tions which the meeting finally adopted :—' That the de duction in respect, of wood laud should be 1 per cent. ; for land upon which there were no buildings, not exceeding 2 per cent. ; for farms with oeoessary buildings, 5 to 12 per neat. ; for houses and cottages. 10 to 25 per mot. ; and for commutation rest-charge, 3 te t 7 r at., he cover tenant's profit, collection , and expenses. It wee also resolved that the amassment mills, mannfeetoriee, rail ways, cone* collieriee, bnekyards, and other y of as exceptional nature, most be left to the gment and discretion of the several memernent committals.' Immediately after the Reform Bill passed, the constituency of the northern division of Hampshire Was 2,633, end el the southern divines 3,142. At the present time the constituency of the northern division is 3,322, and of the southern division 5,502. LAW INTELLIGENCE. (mis DAY.) COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH. Sittinp in Banco.—(Before Lord Chid Justice Cockburn, and Justices Wightman, Crompton, and Blackburn) CLANK C. 011401 Y 01.1210. Mr. Phipson, Q.C., applied on behalf of Mr. Hopki, A assignee in bankruptcy of the Bev. Mr. Gregory, ex., a mar in Warwickshire, for • rule willing u p on the Oamtiff and also the Bishop of Worcester to show comae why • sequestration Mined by ti m , Bebop of Woreeder should not be net said*, or all manias received under it now, or hereafter to be r► saved, should cot be paid over to the assignee. On th e 30th of October the plaintiff having obtained judgam o t against the rev. defendant, hard a writ of camas af satiefaciendum. On the 31st of October the defendant was adjudicated • bankrupt on his own petition. On the lit November the bishop issued his sequestration and pat Mr. Hooper, his eacretm7, into possession, aid published the game on the following day, which was Sunday, by affixing it on the church doom On the 9th of January the imagism applied to the bishop for • sequestration on behalf of the bankrupt's estate, which was published In the 13th, and granted in the coarse of that month. The assignee contended that under the circumstanose he was entitled to the prate of the briny, he being no party to the sequestration granted to the plaintiff. The 12 sad 13 "Vic. sec. ls 4, provide. DO creditor having sec urity for his debt should receive upon any such security mole than the rateable part of his debt. and by the 24th and 25th Viet, e. 134, see. 135 of the last Bankruptcy Act, it was pro. vidad in the case of der/amen that the bankrupt's amigose might apply for and obtain sequestration, and the profit. were to form part of the bankrupt's estate. The question for the court was, how those provisions were to be eon. strand. The Lord Chief Justice interposed, stating that the Lensed counsel had shown sufficient grounds for a rule. Rule nisi granted. COURT OF COMMON PLEAS. is Buteo.—(Ba(ere Lard Chad Jostles Ma and Imams Wwit, Willa, and Keating.) 1111 CLLIMI " • " inuaraounas or ma wr. Ammaswn AND QUI= RAILWAY COMPARY V. THE 111W . BRUROW1CK AND CANADA RAILWAY AID LAND CONTANT (LOINED). - - This case was partly heard yesterday, and this morning the court gave judgment. The Lord Chief Justice said that he was of opinion that the answer to the question put to them in the case must be in the affirmative. The question was whether the plain. tiffs were entitled to an immediate transfer to them of 42,670 acres of land, granted by the government of New Brunswick to the defendants, free from debenture and other debts and liabilities which hod been incurred by the defer,. dents subsequent to the transfer to them of the railway undertaking mentioned in the case. It that the St. Andrew's Company had under. appeared make a railway in New Brunswick, and they, having carried on the undertaking so far as their capital would permit, then lied recourse to means to induce other capitalists to advance their capital to go on ; and afterwards to induce English capitalists to advance mosey. Class A company wee formed with considerable nights and privileges in reference to the funds of the compan7, such as were usually given when • ooncern was failing for want of money, and other persons were to be induced to come into the concern. His lordship, after going through the cir. cumetances at len, concluded by expressing his opinion in favour of the pWntiffs. Judgment for the plaintiffs. Yr. Coleridge, who appeared for the plaintiffs, said that it was part of the arrangement that • mandamus should issue to enforce the judgment. The Lord Chief Justice said that no doubt the judgment of the court would be carried out without • mandamus, bat if necemary a mandamus would isms. COURT OF EXCHEQUER. &Wrap in Buteo.—(Belore Lard Chief Baron Pollock, and Barons Bramwell, Channell, and Wilde.) COCIVILL V. 5PA212.—.1 Mr. Baron Wilde read the judgment of the court in this claim The action was on a promissory note, payable on demand, made by one Milder as principal and the defendant as surety, and dated more than six years before the sum men ement of the action. There was a plea of the statute of limitations, and in order to take the ease out of that statute it was proved that in the year 1861 Hilder became an insolvent, and proposed to pay a composition to his creditors, and that thereupon the defendant, on the !Ali April in that year, wrote the following letter to the plaintiff : `1 coasent to your receiving a dividend under Hilder's =nrit, and I do agree that your so doing shall not pre. y l on claim on me for the debt." The dividend was paid, and this action was brought to recover the balsam. It was contended, nest, that the letter took the case out of the statute. The court did not concur in that construc tion. The acknowledgement of • debt, to have that effect, mart be one for which a promise to pay it might be reasonably implied, but there was nothing in the letter to lead to such an implification. It was obviously written with an entirely different object, viz., to prevent any release of the defendant as surety, by reason of the receipt of the dividend, from the principal debt or to discharge him from the residue, but there was nothing in it to show that the defendant pro posed to do anything more. The receipt of the din idend was not to prejudice the plaintiff's claim, but the letter showed no new contract or fresh liability. It was contended, secondly, that the payment of the dividend and the letter together took the can out of the statute. Upon the original construction of the Statute of Limita tion it was decided that • part payment by one of several joint or joist and several debtors kept alive or revived the remedy against the others, although the latter might be sureties only, and although the payment was not made until the statute had rim out. Then came Lord Tenterden's Act, 9 3sto. 4, e. 14, s. 1, which enacted that nothing therein contained should alter or lessen the effect of any payment of principal or interest made by any perm. The law therefore remained unaltered ; but by the Mercantile Law Amendment Act, 19 and 1.10 Vie., c. 97, s. 14, it was enacted, that where there should be two or more joint debtors no debtor should lose the benefit of the statute of limitations, so as to be chargeable by reason " only " of a payment by any other coo-debtor. The letter in question did not appear to the court to vary the matter further than a payment "only" by the co-debtor. The lest stat•ste, there fore, applied, and the defendant was entitled to the benefit of the Statute of Limitations. The rule woad be absolute to enter the verdict for the defendant. Judgment for the defendant. WELLOcK V. CONSTANTOTE.—JUDWIENT. The ootut discharged the role in this case to set &W . & the nonenit and for a new trial. lEWALL V. ILLIOI7. -,I In this am, which came before the court on demurrer, judgment was delivered for the defendact. COURT OF PROBATE AND DIVORCE. I (Before the Judge Ordinary.) HOSIMUGE r. BOSCRIJOE. i• Dr. Spicks appeared for the petitioner, wbo was the ~ wife of Charles Kempthorne Quash P.oskrage, a farmer in ..'r Cornwall ; and who sought • judicial separation on the ',O =alof cruelty. The marriage took place 1816, and had lowed by the birth of seven ch ildren. The petitioner stated that the respondent had behaved 1 well to her till 1854, whoa he began to treat her unkindly. One day she told him that a woman in his employ. meat bad instilled her, and begged him t.• discharge her. He made no reply, bat kicked her downstairs. On another occasion he beat her from some trivial cause with a piece of rope. In 1851 i she left him on amount of Soiling him in a stable with a servant girl named Grace Brooks. She said to trim "'Theo it is all tree that I have heard of you." He followed Let into the house and said, " The devil has tempted me—for God's sake get me out of my temptation." Petitioner became very • excited and wrote to her friends, whereupon Le told her that for the remainder of her days he would lead shirr "the life of a cat in hall." Sem afterwards witness made her escape to her sister's. When she left home Grace Brooks, who had been discharged, was taken back. In about three months witness returned to the house to see one of her children. whom respareiant had re presented to be ill. He begged bar to reueon, nod offered to discharge Brooks on this spot. Brooks, who was still in the house, came forward sad spat in petitioner's. fox. Petitioner complained to respondent, and he said. " Never mind ; she shall leave if you will pro mise to remain." Witness accordingly did stay, and Brooks removed to a village about a mile distant. where she • had a child. About a fortnight after petitionar had ;s -tarved respaadent mid to her, " Brooks would have been married but for you." Asked i.i. to explain. He said it was all owing to the story she had set afloat about ' 4 finding her with him in the stable. Wit- sees told him that it was no fabri,',.tios , and said the girl bad no sweetheart. He was washio t , his hands at the time, sad he threw the water in her while she was in bed. After Brooks' child was born he found witoess crying, and insisted on knowing what it was all about. She ' told him, and be struck her on the hedi. Soma afterwards 6 he beat her • second time, threw more water os her, and chased her out of the house in her night dram. An. other separation of some months followed. When the saw him again be begged her pardon, and a reconcilia tiola was once more effected. His conduct novel tnoless con tinued to be very bad ; and on one occasion he pursued her with a knife into the garden, where she hid hereon under this shrubs till a gentleman passed on honiebaa, and she chimed hie protection. She left the respondent again is A 1859, on account of hi* neglecting • to m weekw /urt, y her with proper necessaries. He allrwed her Ns. • , but he stopped even that after a abort time. During the year 1859, she was maintained by her /amity ' • after which, a situation was obtained for her, a nd she was in service for some time. She received a letter in London, beginning, " Ify es er dearest Mary," and referring to the unalloyed happiness arid love which they would experience if she would only return. lie told her that he had laboured to preserve a ~ " conscience void of offence towards God and man," and reminded her of the delightful recoaciliatioo, which had followed previous quarrels. He said be had hea..ll a sermon the previous Sunday at a little chapel, to which he bad listened with a bursting heart, sad he implored her not to harden her heart against the sanctifying influences of the