The Express. — London, England, 1851-11-27 00:00:00

iii engtlOS. TO CORRESPONDENTS. • Mood Milos of "I;te !Apnea," foistalisligt mos 'se wee al, o's Osseik. * Is pabli-Led etwy UMW lad v it. v fist too. • Issiuseassosslassoded toe "The lizpross. w Laselon Eyeshot papa. 4 , k t th t BoavvricAtliet, 53. Imo I. •lout [kV , Op of public:Woo. HIGH WATER Al LONDON BRIDGE Ter. 11.r—V , Irr I J„:. 4.r. •. kfterooon, 4.. 3104. T s .,,sov-240rumg, So. Ibis Atiersams. 31.3 . LONDON, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 27. selves full of resources in the most arduous circum stances. If ever the journals of Lieut. litCusrocx and toe other commanders of parties during the lata scotch are allowed to see the light, it will be appa '.ciit that their duties were manfully and efficiently dis charged. What has hitherto been wanting has been, one director of the operations, invested with absolute power for the time ; full of fFith in. the possibility of accomplishing his mission, and with the indo mitable will which alone can insure success. A rAvontrrE topic for depreciatory oomment with Juts; BULL, is the impulsiveness of our neighbours on the other aide of the Channel. While blaming them for acting hastily upon the impulse of the mo ment, Jolts feels that he is indirectly praising him self on the assumption that ho is more slowly moved to action. It is not worth while to dispute the justice of this assumption : true it is that people will say they have seen Jolts before now do things in haste for which he blushed at leisure; it may, how ever, be conceded that in most things he is a some what slow coach. Hut a man is not to be accounted wise simply because he is not easily set in motion. He may be dull and slow of comprehension; or he may be indo lent and self-indulgent ; or he may be puzzle-headed and unable to make up his mind. We will not be so uncivil its to attribute the deliberation on which Jolts Hem, prides himself to any or all of thew de fects; but that some one of them has, at times at least, quite as great a share in his procrastinations as prudent foresight, may be inferred from the fact that his excitement, when he does get excited, Ls quite as gnat, and often as unreasoning, as the ex citement of lighter oatures. And this peculiarity of temperament sometime; makes Joins appear very absurd, inasmuch as he is apt to appear heated and disturbed about matters long after all the rest of the wwld have cooled down. _ _ The interest taken by Joux in the fate of Sir Jolts rItANKLIN and his associates, is a case in point. Nearly six years have elapsed since any direct i c was received from the expedition. Three vein at least have all who are conversant with the dangers to h it was exposed, twin urging the necessity of despatching an expedition in aid. Govern• paid has been slow to move ; and, so long as there was comparatively littlt room for upprchcnsiou,tltegeueral public could not he 'imagist to take any interest in the matter. But now, after such a lapse of time as redoes.. the cleaner of any one of the missing crews surviving. to a faker mid dubious isissibility, the anxiety to promote a search after them is becoming intense uud wordy. "I he agitation of three years is at last beginning to tell WI the drowsy smiceptibilitiesof Jolts Ito - LL, and he is becoming preternaturally alert and interested precisely at the moment when it is all but tau late tor action. It k not without to. alloy of bitterness that one reflects, t hat had a t it he of the eagenwss now expt owed m no many quarter: to learn the fate of our missing Arctic navtgatom, and send aid to them, found utter- Mire three years ago, Sir JOHN Fit %SUMS, Captain Cm/tilt, and the far greater part of their brave m aoriates would, then: 6 little doubt, have been safe at home with us. Now, almost all we dare to hope fur is to learn what luta been theie fate. Ear be it foes& us to discourage this tardy re pentanee. It is barely possible that a few of the crews of the expedition may survive. Mr. FMK MLitt, us was stated by Lieutenant Osnosse at the Geographical Society's meeting on Monday last, contemplated the puseibility of being kept out for six years, and this impression may have leer prevalent among the einem'. The provisions on board the yes , els, eked out by occasional supplies, might be made to serve for a longer period. The pmsence of the means of reNerving animal life in these high latitudes depends, it is obvious, more upon local cit e' taxes of physical conformation than the mere distance from the Equator. It is ps sible, then, that our navigntom may have found menus of sustenance; and, forearmed by anticipations of a long detention, may have been able to bear up against the inroads of despondency far more fatal than the most inclement ehmate, or the greatest privations. We will not, therefore, yet abandon all hope of seeing serve of the lust ones found. Nor even if we had relinquished all hope, would we cease to press the national duty of continuing the search F.r them. 'They were sent out to presecute &sceneries, in which their country takes a laudable pride; they departed, confident that their country would not forget them, or tail to watch over their sufity. 'the honour of the country demands that the efforts to relieve them shall not be abandoned heron• certainty has been obtained that tiny are unavailing. This is not merely due to the gallant adventurers whose fate is yet du hems ; the whole nation has an interest in it. At no time has this country been left without enterprising spirits prompt to undergo any hazards in its service in the most remote regions. But this devotedness requires for its nourishment a confident belief that, wherever a man goes in his country's service, there will its eye he upon hint and its arm powerful to protect him—the consciousness that his services are known and appreciated, and that in the hour of peril relief will be at hand. And ;mesh a consciousness can only be inspired, such a collations. only kept alive, by the country acting in a manner to warrant their being entertained. If the waxen for Sir Jolts Fit ANKLIN's expedition is cal lously and prematurely abandoned. many a brave nun may hereafter shrink from incurring dangers in the service of the nation which he might otherwise have faced with a light heart. The Geographical Society has appropriately be come the centre whence information emanates re specting what is doing to promote the search for Sir JIMN FRANKLIN, and of the agitation by which it is sought to awaken and keep alive public interest in the undertaking. Its public meetings have, since the commencement of the present winter session, been almost exclusively devoted to that object. This is most praiseworthy. A reference to the journals of this society, will show that since MS it has done more to extend the limits of geographical know kdge, and to make that knowledge precise and accu rate, than had been done by either individuals or as- Joel/aims during the princeling half century. Even this merit, however s will appear inconsiderable, when compared to that of awakening the nation to a sense of what it owes to itself in watching over and pro tecting those whom it despatches; on distant dan gerous missions. The operations of the coming semen are two-fold. There is from the cast Lieutenant Piles Siberian ex pedition ; from the west the promised resumption of the exploration of the \Wellington Channel. From the former, iu so far as this country is concerned, we can promise ourselves nothing but the chance of pro curing information respecting the fate of the adven turers. That such information will be obtained through it, is highly probable. In the opinion so con fidently expressed by Lieutenant OSBORNE on Mon day evening, that Sir Joiix FRANKLIN must have penetrated tar to the northward and westward, all who I have paid any attention to the subject, will be inclined to concur. But Lieutenant Per has not been furnished with the means of relieving the expedition, or its sur visors, should be find any. The tardy and niggardly contribution of government is utterly inadequate to that purpose. Something may in this respect—and something u-ill, we believe, be done by the Russian government. For our determined hostility to the politics of that government has not blinded us to the fact that where political bias does not interfere, it has often shown itself extremely humane and munificent in the cause of humanity. It will noway, surprise us to learn that the EMPEROR has sent along with Lieut. Pne ample supplies fur the relief of the expedition, should he succeed in finding it. The more, then, is it incumbent upon us to make such efforts in the west—our own region—as may enable us to stand without a blush in the presence of Russia. It is certain that the examination of the Wellington Channel is to be resumed this season. Let it be done in such a manner as will enable the parties employed nut only to make a thor ou gh search, but torelieveeffee tually the survivors, should any be found. Let ships enough be scat out mutually to support each other ; to afford numerous detachments for boat and sledge expeditions; and to carry ample supplies of provi sions and other stores. Above all, let a judicious choice be made of a commander-in•chief for the ex pedition. Men and officers there are in plenty who will shrink from no danger —who will prove them- THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 27. 1851. call it a " Franconi article," and applies this designa tion to the President's adoption of M. Grimier de Camagnac's denunciation of a royalist plot in the Ocestaut lama. The usual sameness pervades the comments-of the Order ' A ssembke, Opinton Pub- Tigre, and Osion , seaso ned with more or less d i pasamn in a sneering or indignant shape. The No howl and Sisk are quite as anti-Elysean es the royalists. The Pays alone, of the whole press, indulges in decided eulogy, for which we may expect that M. La Gueionniere will get a magisterial repri mand from the sick bed of M. Lamartine. The Preset', no doubt laughing in its sleeve with high content ment, to perceive the arbitration of the position passing more and more into the hands of the Left, is quite silent, thinking probably that good wine needs no bush. The Djbats, too, abstains from com ment. The Muniteur duly contains the " erratum' an nounced yesterday by M. I)upin, i.e., making the change described yesterday in the speech of the Minister of the Interior, on the interpellations of M. ereton. . . M. Granier de Cassagnac publishes in the Consti tglionnel the steps which he had taken, but vainly, to procure reparation from M. Croton for the gross insults used towards him in the Assembly ; and calls attention to the tyranny of the parliament in obliging men of the press to sign their articles, that they may be outraged with impunity. M. Devinck addresses a letter to the electors of the Seine, accepting the position of candidate of the party of order to represent the department. It seems doubtful, as yet, whether M. Devoick will be able to get the quarter of votes inscribed necessary fur his election. 31. de Larochejacquelin has presented another amendment to the Communal Electoral Bill, having for its object to render electors, after a residence of six months, all Frenchmen born in the commune, or who have drawn for the conscription in it. M. F. Bouvet has moved for the appointment of a parliamentary committee to inquire and report whe- I ther soldiers willing to work at the making of mil -1 ways and in other public works might not be so em ployed with advantage to the state and to the mili tary service. A. petition presented to the Assembly by Philippe de Gerard, claiming a million of francs for the inven tion of an improved method of flax spinning, in pursuance of an alleged promise of the Emperor Icapoleon, has been approved of by the committee upon petitions, and has been referred to the ministers o the interior and of commerce. The vast amount of dormant claims upon the public treasury, which every now and then show signs of vitality, will cause the fate of this petition to bo watched with interest. _ I have to mention the death, at Paris, of the Russian General Kiel, the superintendent of the execution of works of art ordered by the Czar. M. Charrieres, the eminent surgical-instrument. maker, who was yesterday promoted in the Legion of Honour, was among the guests at the dinner-table of the President after the ceremony at the Cirque. At dinner a box was brought to him containing a cross of an officer of the Legion of Honour, together with a letter from his workmen, informing hint that the cross was a present from them. The box was handed by M. Charrieres to the vice-president of the' republic, and afterwards passed round the table till it reached the hands of the President. Ile took off his own cross, enriched with diamonds, and sub stituted it in the box for the workmen's present. M. Charrieres modestly declined the exchange, and said he could not give up wearing the cross of his workmen, and ho felt unworthy to wear that of the ('resident. Ultimately M. CharWres consented to keep them both, hut he said that he should place the President's cress in the middle of his manufactory, in the handsomest frame that he could devise, and when all was ready he should give a ate to his workmen, which he hoped the President would honour with his company. The committee has resolved by 11 votes against 3 that the state of siege in the departments of the Arcache. the Cher, and the Nii:vre be maintained. At the Bourse the Five per Cents. rose 25e., and closed at 91.20; the Three per Cents. rose 20c., and closed at ;i6.20. GERMANY. PRUSSIA. BERLIN, Nov. 25. The address from the throne to the Clambers on their meeting, on the 27th ' is now the subject of all talk and conjecture in the political circles here. Those best informed, not belonging to the ministerial party, affirm that the prime object of the address will be to provoke at once the expression of the sen timents of the Chamber with respect to the existence by right of the revived Provincial Diets. This is the question, indeed, which will determine at once the strength of the ministry and the strength of the op position or constitutional parties. It is reported that the King will not open the chamber in person. FRANCE. PARIS, WEDNESDAY EVENING. The leading question of to-day is urgency on the Council of State 's Bill. You are aware that urgency was proposed in the committee by Pascal Duprat, but the decision was postponed till to-day. The Left which met yesterday in a committee room of the Assembly to settle on a common vote, adjourned last night to Lemardelay's where, however, they came to no decision. It was evident, however, that the President's speech, notwithstanding his declara tion in favour of the republic, had checked the in tention of the democratic party to vote against the urgency. The IF6als contains an important article on this subject, imploring the conservatives not to precipitate a collision with the executive power by voting urgency on this question. The Arf7acosene of last night dissuades urgency; but the article having been written before the Presi dent's speech was known, loses all significance as a test of opinion to-day. On the whole, upon political parties, the speech has operated un favourably ; but it will no doubt have an immense effect upon the country at large, and the reaction of opinion from the departments will no doubt tend to keep the excesses of parliamentary opposition in cheek. h is reported that the Left intend to move that a majority of two-thirds of the Assembly shall be ne cessary to authorise direct requisition of the troops. Thus the democratic party would retain the same arbitrary power in their hands on this question, which is given them by the constitution over re vision. The committee upon the bill of the President's responsibility has to-day decided upon the motion of M. Pradie, to adjourn the consideration of the ques tion of urgency, and to pass at once to the discussion of the articles. It was resolved that the 614th article of the Constitution, upon the subject of high treason, should be incorporated in the first article of the bill. The subject of provocation to a violation of Art. 43 of the Constitution was discussed, but no resolution was come to upon it. The legitimist members of the Committee on the Council of State's Bill are against urgency, but also against the adjournment of the bill. The Assembly in its sitting of to-day resumed the debate on the Lyons Railway. Called upon to de-1 cede between the amendment of M. Pussy and that of M. Fremy, proposing a credit of 20 millions (de dieting the 1 millions already employed) the house declared in favour of the latter figure by i4O votes, against 326, notwithstanding the efforts of M. La crosse, the minister of public works, who said that ten millions were enough for him. M. Passe pro posed to fix these 16 millions upon the re ounces of the floating debt. A motion to this effect was adopted. NI Mortimer Ternaux took the occasion to call upon the government to ex plain the state of the floating debt. This demand on the financial attention of the new minister, M. Casa bianeu, excited general hilarity. In the place of M. Casablanca, M. Wintry, the commissioner appointed by the government to speak on the bill, entered into some di tails. The ens , nifne of the bill was then adopted by 060 votes against 13. The amendment of M. Pussy for a grant of ten millions of francs, to continue provisionally the works of the Lyons Railway, was taken into consi deration by a large majority. It signifies that the system of the committee is set aside, and the princi ple of concession to a company implicitly admitted ; that a bill for this concession, and a eahier des rhetryea will be prepared; and that in the eventuality of the company not being able to keep its engage ments, an eventual credit of 10 millions is opened on the budget of 1n32, in order that if, at the expira tion of the term fixed—the Ist of February, for in stance—the company shall not have paid the 10 mil lions stipulated to the Treasury, the contract may be annulled, and the continuation of the railway pro vided for. By the adoption of this bill the Assembly has therefore thrown out the positive assertion of M. Ituthures principle fur continuing the works at the expense of the state. It has, on the other hand, adopted implicitly the principle of concession to a company. But M. Pussy, doubting whether any serious company is prepared to undertako the line, has got au amendment inserted for a grunt, to go on with the works in case the company should break down. The grunt has been fixed at It) millions of francs, which are to be charged on the resources of floating debt. The hawse then passed to the interpellations of M. Cremieux on the transportation of the condemned conspirators of Lyons to Noukahiva. M. Cremieux maintained that the Lyons plot was anterior to the law of transportation, and argued against the retro active application :of this law. lie appealed also forcibly to the humane sentiments of the Assembly. N. lhiviel, Minister of Justice, dwelt upon', the dan gers of the time, and protested against disarming the law of its rigours. M. Batted reproached M. Ihtviel with having calumniated the country. lie main tained that the government ought to set the example of respect for the law. Ile stigmatised as seditious the speech pronounced yesterday by the President. He reminded the house that Louis Napoleon Bona parte had twice, at Strasbourg and Boulogne, re belled against the liberties of his country ; and he predicted that the transportation of Ode, Gent, and Longumaziuo would enlighten the country upon his policy of falsehood, and prevent the realisation of the designs which he had always pursued. M. de Thorigny, after repeating the arguments of the Minister of Justice, declared that ho would not follow M. &meet to the ground whether he had transported the debate, or answer his violent attacks against the executive power. General Fabvicr asked if Noukahiva was suffi ciently well defended for the prisoners not to fall into the power of the English. (Laughter.) M. Fortoul, the new Minister of Marine, answered in the aflirinative. Several orders of the day, variously motived, were then proposed. But the Assembly voted the pure and simple order of the day, by 41• against 233. The grand feature of Louis Napoleon's speech at the circus is the frank, although tardy acknowledg ment of the republic. Once fOr all he has thrown himself fairly into democratic ground. The declara tion in favour of a return to universal suffrage was stigmatised as a pernicious sacrifice on one hand, was hailed as the acknowledgment of aright on the other, but by all equally it was pronounced as a selfish cal culation, the prologue to ambitious designs. If the recognition of the republic, more emphatic and me morable from this being the first occasion on which the President has even pronounced the word in pub lic, is coupled with expressions which indicate the intention of'' perseverance" rather than " abnegation," at least from this day forth the charge of imperialist aspirations is disarmed. If Louis Napoleon's powers are renewed. he becomes by this pledge the chief of a democratic republic, and abdicates all pretension to be Emperor. He denounces equally the Utopias of demagogy and the hallucinations of royalism, the sedition of socialists and the conspiracy of conven tion-men. To enable France to breathe at ease, to mind her real work, and live with her life, unmo lested by conflicting factions, this is his professed i aiin. The intention is no doubt good, but to pass ' current it needs the authentic stamp of the law. To , wards the end of the speech there peep forth symp . toms of a design or at least a wish to set aside or ignore that indispensable sanction. The President talks about being animated by that ardent faith which guides et-curtly over spaces where there is no road traced. This expression, applied to the crisis of I lsl2. is hardly admissible, the road having been, ' precipitous as it is, all too distinctly traced. None so blind as those who will not see ; and the disposition here evinced to prefer an arbitary short cut to the thorny ombages of the constutition, of' dangerous import. and may terminate in something far different from the realisation of the President's good intentions. The journals of the opposition do I not spare their wit on allusions to the locality, where daring feats of horsemanship are exhibited. The Siert/. says that the slang phrase in the press for a champing, high-stepping piece of composition, is to HANOVER. Our Berlin correspondent writes: The cause, or rather the occasion, of the sud den retreat of the late Hanoverian ministry is said to be this: M. Munchauscu inquired of the King whether the " new organisation" should not be carried into execution as soon as possible. The King gave him no reply; whereupon the ministry tendered their resignation, which was at once accepted. The programme of the new mi nistry is: "Decided reaction, but by constitutional means." The chambers are convoked lor the 2nd December. All the liberal party of Hanover are struck with consternation. It is evident, from the very cause of the retreat of the Munchau sen cabinet, that the constitution of the country is to be abolished, and that the Ititterschaft party must triumph. Great fears are entertained, too, about the treaty of the 7th September. The Bitters are known generally to be opposed to its execu tion, and the Austrian influence is said again to be ascendant in the Hanoverian court. The King of Prussia is at present there, under the pretext of being present at the obsequies of the late king ; but his visit no doubt has a political motive, and he wiU of course make every effort to bring the treaty of September into favour with the new King. HANOVER, Nov. 24. A royal ordinance convokes the chambers fur the 2nd December. LATEST FOREIGN EXCHANGES. PAIIIB, Now. 26. I Far blowy. r~_ low I. ~~ a o'; ~I 00.4116. SS r 1 el 20 3 per Cents. -.-. id 90 1 II 0 MI 19 U9O 3 pee Cents. 4 per Cents. 3 per Cents. Loan 1 t Unhand* on London : at eight, IS Ill; 141 dip, 94 974. - Belgian, 3, HMO 991 Money. Naples Baas .. N 23 Money. Do. 3, 1543 — ... llama Laas.lll3i .. 731 ... Do. q ...... Do. liedalcmt a. Canto. 40 aS_. Bank Mum .- 2IIS .„ Paint, Nov. 26.—Paris and Orleans, 877 - 50 ; Paris and lima. $75; Rouen and Liam, DI 23 ; Meridlles sal Avignon, MO; Straalanng and Bale. 131 so ; Centre 431 73; 90nIsens and Alone, MO 73, Orleans and Bordeaux, 37 7 . 30 ; Northern, 466 23; Parts and Pneumonia. 316 93; Tours and Manta% 237 Se; Monte. Nan and TT O 7 O ) 97 99 . MADRID, Nov. 21.—Three per Cents., 36;1; after Bolsa, 381 cash. Four per Cents., 13} ; after Bolas, _. Five per Cents., 164 ; after Bohm, 161 paper. Coupons, Si ; after Bolsa, 8 1-16. Passives, 5 15-16 ; elks: Balsa, 6 paper. Bank of St. Ferdinand, 99 paper. Exchange on London, 50.50 cash. (By Electric relegrapb.) Axrwtur, Nov. 2(i.—Five per Cent. Mitallignes, 72; ; do. Ardoins, 15:i. Three per Cent. Interior, —. Russian Four-and-a-Half per Cents., —. Exchange on London, 25.13. BausSELS, Nov. 26.—Belgian Five per Cents., 99; Four-and-a-Half per Cents., 90 ; Two-and-a-Half per Cents., 491. Exchange on London, 23.15. AMSTERDAM, Nov. 254—Five per Cent. Metal liques, 69; ; Five per Cent. Ardoins, 151 ; Three per Cents. Interior, 351 ; Russian Four-and-a-Half per Cents., 1001; Two-and-n-Half per Cent. Integrals, 58 1-18. F.xchange on London, 11.85. VIENNA, Nov. 26.—Five per Cent. Iletalliques, 911. Exchange on London, 1123 ; on Paris, 148 t. Agio on gold, 29 ; ditto on silver, 22/. liAmscan, Nov. 26.—Three per Cents. Interior, 33k; Four-and-a-Half per Cent. Russian, 98. FRANKFORT, Nov. 23.—Five per Cent. Metal liqucs, 72. Three per Cent. Interior 35 5-16. Ex change on London, 1194. BERLIN, Nov. 26.—Voluntary Loan, 1021; Na tional Debt, 881. Russian Four-and-a-Half per Cents, 102/. Par AscosaL I nom I Lim., SPAIN. MADRID, Nov. 21. Marshal Narvaex has been received at a private audience by the Queen. lie has visited the Minister of War and captain-general of Madrid. The begin ning of the sitting in the Chamber offered no inte rest. The proposition of M. Moyano for impeaching ;the ministers was expected to be read. ITALY. TUSCANY. Our correspondent, writing from Florence on the 19th Nov., states that Signor Baroni, a distinguished botanist, had been bastinadoed for stumbling against an Austrian officer. The recent university restric tions excited much discontent, added to which the Archbishop had prohibited the teaching of philo sophy in the seminary of Florence. WEST INDIA MAIL. JANIACA. _ The Jamaica papers contain nothing of importance further than was given in the telegraphic summary published in yesterday's Er»ress. When the packet left Kingston the mails from England of the 2nd had not arrived, owing to bad weather experienced by the Dee on the outward Atlantic voyage, as previously reported. The Trent, from St. Thomas's, was mo mentarily looked for. The legislature wes to assemble in Spanish Town on the afternoon of the day on which the steamer left Kingston. BRITISH GUIANA. In reference to the resolution passed in the Court of Policy, and given in yesterday's paper, it may be observed that a large amount of the parliamentary loan remains unappropriated, and is therefore avail able for the purposes therein alluded to, under the sanction of the home government. The governor had laid before the Court several interesting communi cations from the British consul at (ho Azores, which showed that there was an industrious agricul tural population of 250,000 souls in those islands, and that the desire of emi"rating to distant lands in the hope of bettering their condition was very strong. In proof of this, it was stated that SAM of these islanders are in the habit of annually emigrat ing to the Brazils. It was theretbre proposed to take such steps with the British and Portuguese go vernments as to lead the way for encouraging emi gration from the Azores to British Guiana. Go vernor Darkly departed from Georgetown on the 16th ult., accompanied by his suite, ou a visit to the penal settlement on the Nlassaroony River. Re garding the state of the colony, the Geo/lie/own Ruyal Gazette says : Some of the estates on the coasts have within the lad day or two been considerably annoyed by the high springs, which, iu some instances, have seriously jeopardised the front dams. Yesterday the village of Victoria, on the cast coast of Demerara, was under water from that cause. Facts like these pointto the necessity of what Mr. TOOlO and some gentlemen of the West India Committee have lately been advocating—the placing of the drainage and the dams of the colony under legislative control, with the view of providing, what is so much wanted, a system of combined action for their management. We are glad to say the yield of the canes continues everywhere excellent, sad that the prospect of the crop arc cheering. With the exception of what we have just mentioned there is nothing new from the rural districts, where everything, us usual, is quiet. From Trinidad and the Leeward Islands there is little news. In the former Island an ordinance for supplying the town of Port of Spain with water was belOre the council of government. Accounts from the rural districts were not unfavourable. The December cocoa crop had already commenced, although it usually begins in November or Decem ber. The canes promised a good yield of sugar. The state of the roads in some districts was not satisfac tory, and after a heavy rain they were in many places impassable. The weather was still rainy and stormy. In St. Lucia the weather continued favourable to agriculture, and the canes throughout the island were beautiful and promising. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. KINGSTON, JAMAICA,Ocr. 27. Receipts have been on a rather limited scale since our issue of the 11th inst. Of flour there were received about 2,000 barrels during the fortnight, whilst the arrivals front Halifax were embed to three cargoes, two of which have been sent out of this market. Under these circumstances, the market both fur dry and pickled fish has assumed an improved appearance, but flour has, rather anomalously, receded in value. The latter circumstance may be attri buted to the absence of speculation, to the considerably diminished consumption of the article, and likewise to the direct receipts at the principal outporta on the Northside. The new biscuit steam bakery is in full and active opera tion. Accounts from the country represent the pimento crop as being a full average one, notwithstandinx that the yield in the parish of St. Elizabeth has been rather under that which it was expected to be. The coffee crop in that parish, however, wall, it is said, be more than usually abundant. The autumnal ruins arc general. From all parts of the country we hear of continuous and fertilising showers. But little business has been dune in the produce market. I''torlt is imi in 1 . • ted demand, with a small supply at market. We note a sale, the only wholesale one since our lust, of 1,119 barrels braudywine at 284. 3d. Good Balti more, Howard-street, is wanted, and might command 295. to 30:1 in moderate parcels. MEAT. has not improved either in value or inquiry. We still quote it as being nominally worth 15s. to iGs. per barrel. BiI:O7DY may be quoted at s. to ss. Gd. per gallon in bond. GENETA is rather inactive at 7s. per case, short price. Item.—There have beeu sales at 3s. Id. to 3s. 4d. per gallon, duty paid St:GAEL—We range our quotations at Its. to 20s. per 100 lbs. for dark to lair. Corezz.—There is not any at market. Pisizyro.—Several parcels have changed hands at 3!d. per lb. LOGWOOD may be quoted at 363. per ton. FILEIGHTS arc scarce, and there is little inquiry for tonnage. Got-D.—American is worth Ito 1 Der cent. prow. We have not heard of any operations in doubloons. Matt.—Bottled is moved at 7s. to 70.61. per dozen; the sales include 75 barrels Harvey's pale ale at the latter figure. Bulk is quiet. SALT.—Liverpool stored is taken at 4s. Gd. per sack, and coarse at 4s. Gd. to ss. per barrel. TOBACCO.—Cavendish is very inactive at 10d. to 101 d. per lb. Leaf has changed hands at 60s. per 100 lbs. EXCHANGES.—On London: Colonial Bank, 90 days, 6 per cent. premium ; ditto, GO days, 1 per cent. premium; ditto, 30 days, 11 per cent. premium. Jamaica Bank, 90 days, 1 per cent. premium ; ditto, GO days, 1 per cent. pre• mium ; ditto, 30 days, 11 per cent. premium; Merchants' Bills, 90 days, par.—On biew York: Merchant's Bill, 60 days, 1 per cent. premium. DEPARTURE OF THE STEAM-8111P PACIFIC AND CITY OF PITIMICIWIL—At twelve o'clock yesterday, the United States mail steam-ship Pacific, Capt. Nye, left the likr•ey for New York, with 45 passengers, • good general cargo, and the usual mails for the United States and British America. About the same time, the new screw steam-ship City of Pittsburgh, left for Philadelphia, with upwards of 90 passengers, and a very valuable cargo j chiefly of Man chester and Sheffield goods. CANTERBURY ASSOCIATION.—Yesterday a meet ing of the intending colonists was held at the offices of the Canterbury Association, 9, Adelphi.terrace ; Mr. Cornwall Simeon in the chair. Recent despatches give the most favourable account of the settlement. Stockowners arc flocking from Port Phillip to the Canterbury plains, and to encourage such immigration the society has commis sioned its agent to make, in the pasture regulations, all modifications warranted by their late act of parliament. The local government holds in its hands a surplus of 1,200/., which, according to the instructions given by the colonial secretary to the governor, ought to be expended on the public works of the settlement. A feeling exists at Lyttelton, that more clergymen have gone out than the spiritual wants of the colony required. A church has been built at Christ Church, capable of accommodating 150 persons. Artisans can earn • shilling - hour, and labourers sixpence. Good bulls 'anT r 3lerino rams are in great demand ; • bull of known pedi gree being worth '2OOl. Notwithstanding the discovery of gold at Bathurst there is a steady flow into New Zealand from the Australian settlements of labour and enterprise. As a consequence of that discover, it is expected that the relations between Sydney and New Zealand will be com pletely altered. Hitherto Sydney has supplied New Zea land with provisions and gram, but it cannot continue to do so as the labourers are leaving it for the diggings. In con sequence of this the New Zealanders, in order to gutad against famine, are making . more extensive sowings, and expect to be called upon in their turn to supply bread stuffs to Sydney. The heavy duty imposed upon consigned goods by the new tariff, and the lack of • good supply at water at Port Lyttelton, are the subjects of considerable complaint. CITY IMPROVEMENTS. Much disappointment 1 having been expressed by merchants and traders of the 1 City at the removal from the Egyptian-hall at the Hensler! house of the model prepared by Mr. Charles Pearson, in illustration of his plan of improving the line of the Fleet valley, notices have been circulated stating that the plan is now deposited in the City Library in Guildhall, the entrain@ to which is in the vestibule leading to the great hall, on the right-hand side, up stairs. THE CAPE AND THE KAFFIR WAIL LETTER I. TO TRH EDITOR OF THE DAILY NEWS. SlB,—Perhaps it would not be amiss if there was a little more knowledge of Cape affairs in English society. It is at least certain that until the public begin to feel some interest in the subject, and take the trouble to inquire into Cape politics, this nation will go on throwing away some millions ster ling every four or five years on a Kaffir war, which, after a deplorable waste of human life and money, leaves us with the prospect of having such another war on our hands a few years later. Now, while I am prepared to show that these wars are t ie hat to the th y is are co a u t a t i r ; same ey do not strengthen British power in Africa, they du l un a p ffi ro rm fitab time unne cessary, not give us territory which pays the expense of its government, and is required now, or is likely to be required herea ft er, for Eng lish emigrants, whilst, except a small but noisy party of jobbers who have a pecuniary interest in hostilities, and who are as one to one thousand in comparison to the mass of the colonists, the inhabitants of the Cape suffer not only a ruinous injury to their prospects, but a severe loss in property and life from each of these wars ; they protest almost with one voice against the policy which leads to them, and com plain that they arc the victims of the blun dering despotism of the Colonial-office.• I wish, therefore, sir, to appeal through your co lumns to the common sense of the public on the question of our Cape policy; and if, in explaining my subject, I am compelkd to enter into some de tails, I hope your readers will pardon me on reflect ing that, if they had only inquired into these details a little sooner, they would not see now South Africa soaked in blood, and millions of money jeopardised. Sir, the Colonial-office did not confine itself to disregarding the protestations of the colonists against its frontier policy : no, at the very time when its measures were provoking a war of extermination without the colony, it was doing all that human iser versity could do to goad men into rebellion within. A great impulse had been given to the minds of the colonists of late years by the expectation of having representative institutions conceded to them. The English settler, animated by a hope of seeing public affairs at length administered with some practical' knowledge of their interests, had displayed that spirit of enterprise which renders our countrymen ever y where successful in the arts of peace or war. The ]dutch had shown that energy, capacity, and in dustry which always distinguished their race when politically free.t In short the colony had improved with unwonted rapidity under the above conviction, which it had the most solid grounds for entertaining. For not only had repeated petitions for legislative self-government been sent to this country, and well received by men of all parties, but in 1818, reports drawn up at the request of government, by the highest functionaries at the Cape, had declared to the home authorities the necessity for such a boon. The first puisne judge, after stating that the legis lative council h ad fallen into contempt as being a mere tool of government, suggested that if it passed one or two unpopular measures its unoffi cial members would probably resign, and bring the local government to a stand still (this was prophetic of 1830), and the attorney-general echoed the judge's recommendation to grant representative institutions-1 In the begin nin g t here foreof 181 f 0, the colonists felt cer tain that their expectations were about to be realised, and such was no doubt the ease, when unhappily, that bitter and protracted convict-struggle began, which not only frustrated their hopes, but left in Lord Grey's mind a degree of animosity towards theni, which can scarcely he conceived without having listened to his speech in the House of Peers on the 15th of July lust. It is worth noticing that government had made a previous attempt in 1812 to make a penal settlement of the Cape, and then only desisted in consequence of the strong opposition of the whole colony, including the government officials. And, remembering the proofs given by Sir William Molesworth, last session, May 21, that the convicts continue to be a perfect moral pestilence in Van henien's Land, infecting even our Australian empire by their contagion, you may conceive, Sir, the eonsequencesof dispersing a colony of convicts, as Lord Grey proposed to do, among our scattered population at the Cape where such dangerous elements of crime and war against civilised society already existed among the coloured classes. § It is a symptom of the universal sentiment on the spot that we find the British resi dent in the Orange River sovereignty, about 700 miles off, writing to the Governor, I. eb. 2-1, 1830, that should the convicts land, no doubt an attack would be made by our enemies in that quarter, " on the presumption that his Excellency could not then spare a force for this part of the country." ,1 How ever, on the first announcement of' Lord Grey's in- tentions, all ranks of society, from the Goi:ernor downwards, as in 1842, joined in deprecating such an act of suicidal folly : and this seemed for a while to produce the desired effect. Lord Grey inti mated to the colonists that he had only thought of sending some political prisoners, and that the adop tion of the measure " would depend upon the wishes of the colonists." Suddenly, in 1849, in open defi ance of public opinion and ministerial promises, the colony was informed that an order in council had formally converted the Cape into a penal settlement, and a cargo of convicts, common malefactors, would in a few days arrive on the coast; and Lord Grey added insult to injury by telling the colonists that " when they became better acquainted with the con victs, they would regard the measure as a beneficial one !"I This extravagant act of the minister kindled a flame which he had little expected. Although it quite took the colony by surprise, although only a few days remained for a community wholly inex perienced in political agitation to concert measures of resistance, a plan of defence spread like wildfire among the people, and seemed to be adopted simul taneously in all parts of the country. This was tho adoption of the famous non-intercourse "pledge," with which government had been menaced in 1842•. In a few days the ship arrived, destined to ride at anchor there for eight months, as a visible sign of the despotism of the minister and the resolution of the colony—she arrived, but found it impossible to unload her cargo, because the people had determined on passive resistance. In pausing hero I will remark that the British government has encountered several cases of passive resistance in its colonies, in India and elsewhere; in every case it has thought it necessary to yield, ex cept one—at Boston, in 1773; and because it did not yield then it lost our North American colonies. I remain, Sir, your obedient servant, AFRICANUS. • Papers relating to Representative Legislature at the Cape of Good Hope, tcsl, pages svi., and 196, 218. ♦ Papers as above, page v. Papers as above pp. 1, 3 --Cmrerponfienee with Lord John Rumen on Representauve Government at Cape of Good Rope— PM 11. Papers as above, pp. 6,9, 7. Napier's Ezeunion ; Introduction, PP. xi. to ssaiii. blue Boot, Cape, May 19, 1651, p. 25. *I Papers se above, pp. vii., a., it., vi. CHARGE OP ATTEMPTING TO NIERDER.—We have already published in the Express some particulars of the strike at the foundry of Messrs. Kitson, Hewitson, and Co., at Leeds; and of the disturbances which have taken place between the turn-outs and the workmen now em ployed by the firm alluded to. Last week we stated that a man named James Wilkinson had been apprehended on the charge of having, with two others, waylaid Robert Master man, one of the men in the service of Messrs. Kitson and Co., on the previous Monday morning, and attempted to murder him by beating him with sticks. Masterman has been seven yearn in Messrs. Kitsoc's employment, and is so still ; and the prisoner Wilkinson was formerly in the service of the same firm, but, at the time of his apprehension, he was employed at the Railway Foundry, belonging to Messrs. E. B. Wilson and Co. It will be remembered, from what we have before published, that when the attack was made upon Masterman he was armed with a loaded six-barrelled revolver pistol, five of which barrels he fired off at his assailants, one of the balls taking effect. Since the examination, on Thursday last, another man, named Thoma s Holmes, formerly employed as a striker at Messrs. Kitson and Co.'s, has been taken into custody, be having a gunshot wound in his right side ; and, on the supposition that the attack upon Muterman has been instigated by other parties, placards were yester day (Wednesday) morning issued offering a reward of M. for the apprehension of the parties who have suggested the attack. The case has, therefore, now assumed a very serious aspect, and the borough justices are engaged in in vestigating the matter. Yesterday the two prisoners, James Wilkinson and Thomas Holmes, were brought up in custody, at the Leeds Court-house, when Masterman stated the particulars of the attack upon him, and a good deal of evidence affecting the prisoners was heard, but the examination had not terminated when our paroel was despatched. AND M. KOSSUTH. THE. FUTURE GOVERNMENT OF HUNGARY Tho Daily News, referring to the documents en titled "Kossuth l'apetH," now in course of publica tion in its columns, says: Few documents will he read with more interest and attention than that which we have published from the pen of liossem, containing his views re. 'pectins the future government of Hungary. With I this publication must at once and for ever drop all I the accusations of hypocrisy against the Hungarian chief, and of his being all things to all men. It is impossible for political views and principles t o b o stated more clearly than they are stated here. KOSSUTU declares • his opinion and desire that the form and the principles of government which have been founded and developed in the United States, should be applied to Hungary, He avows himself republican, but not of any school of French republicanism. He is not for concen trating all power in the hands of an assembly, sitting amidst the overwhehning and excited population of an overgrown metropolis, and either obeying every intonation of the popular voice, or else relying upon military force and tyrannical laws to keep the people) in submission. kossurll avoids this by federalism ; by resisting and proscribing centralisation ; by rea. during every parish and every district a little local republic in itself, governed by local influence, and developing local energies. Kossuvt here sides with America against French democracy, which he loudly and justly accuses of Laving missed the great aim of every revolutionary struggle,—individual and local freedom. In justice, , however, to the French, let us observe that their never-varying choice, from MO to 1850, of a cen tralised and metropolitan government to a more federalised one, was more owing to peculiar circum stances than to a general theory. and that this pre ference proceeded more from a knowledge of the obstacles they had to overcome than from any indigenous dislike to divide and disseminate ad ministrative powers. At first federalist ideas were proscribed in France, because aristocratic influence must necessarily pro dominate more or less in the provinces, and that the focus of democratic opinion was the capital. Since then centralisation has been preserved, and is che rished from the great power which it gives to the go vernment in war, in negotiation, in defence, iu all and every dealing with foreign statea. The politicians of the United States have never had to, weigh the relative advantages of eentralisa tion and local government. Their country stood alone in its hemisphere, invulnerable, uncon querable, defiant of foreign powers or foreign intrigue. But the fortunes of European states, for centuries struggling in every way against each other, have depended much upon their political or ganisation. If France has eaten away whole provinces of Germany, defeated the armies, con fiscated the liberties, and made a very fsitstool of that country, it was chiefly owing to the fact that the French Ioti Se seed a centralised government, with every power of the state compact, whilst Germany was a loose federation without a head, a common interest, or a common spirit. The French, there fore, have preserved their centralisation as a basis of power. KOSSUTII, as the legislator of Hungary, feels no such necessity. Ho does not look to conquest, but to defence. He does not want to subdue other people, even to spread his political doctrines. Ho does not want a standing army to weigh in any nego tiations for annexing Cracow or subduing Belgrade. Ile is not immersed, like M. Tinsats, and every other French statesman, in the troublous polities of kurope. He thinks of Hungary alone, isolated, independent= strong enough to defy aggression, and magnanimous enough not to think of aggression. Kossurn's scheme, however, will excite many objections and much enmity. A large party} amongst ourselves will ask, where is the place in KossuriCa constitution for the Hungarian aristocracy? There is no noblesse in the United States, and therefore such a class has no place in its constitution. In France the noblesse was proscribed from the land be fore it was excluded from the constitution. But to leave the Hungarian noblesse their social influence and existence, whilst denying their politic it influence and existence, will by many be considered hazardous and unwise —hazardous, whether they connwin to the republic, or whether they arc tempted by the threat !if democracy to fling themselves and their remain ing influence and wealth on the side of that dynasty and that system which have been the hen;ditary oppression of Hungary. This will form one great class of objections. An other will be the inextinguishable animosity that must exist between an Hungarian reptili:ic and the great monarchies with which it will he sur rounded. Let a republic be the most orderly, tho most wise, and most conservative imaginable, never theless there mast prevail throughout it a certain agi tation, which is like the blood in the veins of that kind of body politic. This agitation, this movement, this freedom, this great generator of ideas, even when in the corner of Europe most remote from absolutism, disturbs its security, and excites its precaution. Tho Court of St. Petersburg trembles at each movement of the Parisian population, at each bold theory of the Parisian tribune or press. Transfer these from Paris to Pcsth, and imagine what would be the policy of the Court of Warsaw. If that policy were not actual war. it would be the same kind of intrigue and cor ruption, and subornation of parties, which sapped the independence and absorbed the republic of Poland. Dangers and evils such as these could not havo escaped the sagacious eye of Kosserit. And he evi dently deemed them less perilous, less pernicious, than a sovereign approved by European powers, and con verting Hungary into a kind of Hospodarate. What ever respect he may have for constitutional mo narchy, he must have shrunk from seeing an experiment of the kind made in Hungary similar to that which has been made iu Greece, where all the evils and vindictiveness of absolutism ' arc united to all the insecurity of popular government. Objections, however, will not be wanting in print and in converse to the solemn proposal of Kosseru. Ho will have ample opportunity to weigh, to ex amine, and, if need be, to refute, or to admit the weight of, these objections. Nor is there any ur gent necessity for precipitating judgment upon such matters till ample explanations come forth. One class of objectors there indeed will be, to which KOS SUTH will pay little heed. We mean those who assail his every word with ribaldry, and who can find no more fair or courteous mode of treating a man, great in eloquence, great in administration, great in force and fecundity of ideas, than by raising a cry and running him down, es mis chievous boys might run down a mad dog. Fortunately for his cause, Kosserit's is too high an intellect to be overwhelmed by ribaldry and abuse. To them his very name rises superior. And those who would assume the position of antagonists must at least elevate themselves to his height, and employ intellectual and manly weapons in a strife, of which all men and all nations are at present more or less spectators. PEACE SOClETY.—Yesterday evening a lecture in connexion with the objects of this society was delivered at the Roll of Commerce, by the Rev, John Burnet. The subject of the lecture was a refutation of the objections made to the principles of the Peace Society. The rev. gentlemen contended that the objects of the society were not enthusiastic abstractions, but practical and practicable; nor did the members expect to attain those objects by a sudden stroke, which, like that of an earthquake, was at once to change the whole face of things. Ile urged that the principle of arbitration was one which was admitted to be good in itself by all statesmen, and which was capable of being carried into effect if nations could but be persuaded that the counsels and opinions of men, easily to be found, who were learned in the knowledge of the world and the conduct of human affairs, would more readily tend to ad just differences, which examination might prove to be easily reconcileable, than the spending of millions of trea sure and the shedding of seas of blood, in the unsatisfactory and uncertain practice of war. From a series of historical illustrations be deduced the argument that so far from the liberty of nations being promoted or attained by an appeal to arms, from the Babylonians, the Jews, the Greeks, and the Romans, down to the period of our own history, in which was ended the dynasty of the Stuarts, every rebel lion or rising in arms had tended to interrupt the progress of public opinion, by which peaceful means alone the liberty and the constitutional reforms which the people of this country in modern times had attained, and would still farther extend, had been effected ; and concluded by ex pressing his belief that if no warlike demonstrations, even in the cause of liberty itself, ever were made, tho result would be that the general intercourse of nations would become as harmonious throughout Europe as it was lately is the Crystal Palace.