The Express. — London, England, 1853-12-09 00:00:00

etot evintAs. TO CORRESPONDENTS. A grand itto cubtaaann tbe Abair ne• .4 , 4,ettp," I. pettlrbed every Taev:ay aad Vnday nib; in 'LW^ far leirertmairlob Moak ter " [apnea," loM== E...e s..2er. tout L. al Mt b ey N. Ilsavarlertregi, by Two aft tle day of pebsatka. HIOR WATS", AT LONDON DRUMS. fit. u..-rarer Oa— moms" oh. ea. -rarer Mk. W00...--Alsomooo...b. Ca. L(),VD011; FRIDAY. DECEMBER !.. Tut "Scottish Lion" cannot be at rest—as a recent correspondence sufficiently testifies. Nor can the "Justice to Scotland" clique. They wit/ be uneasy; will fret and vex themselves in hope that •"sora.tLing may come of it"—through the goodnatured willingness of the rest of the com munity to saerifiiw something to be rid of a bore. But do these sditators—who, under the plea of Jus tice to Scotland really want jobs for themselves—do credit to their rountry? Are they not bringing &bete eq. on an otherwise noble people? Let us see. Tbe a'►lieut characteristic of a Scotchman is self dependoucc. It is popularly believed that his very outset in life is prompted by that principle, which is inculcated in him, not only by his early education, hut by the religion and the social institutions of his country. Regardless of the seductive attractions of home, he takes the earliest opportunity of leaving his father and his mother and cleaving to whatever is likely to advance. him in life, wherever that is to be found. The story-book boy who arrives in town with no more than sixpence in his pocket, and afterwards becomes Lord Mayor of London is nearly always from Scotland. According to SIDNEY SMITH, the early Scottish Covenanters went out to preach the gospel with nothing but a Bible in one hand, and a little brin•stone in the other; but, boldly animated by the spirit of self-dependence, they achieved successes which belong to some of the most ennobling pages of history. Turn where we will, the triumphs of this great national spirit are manifest. We cannot enter a ►hop, or a ship, or a factory, or a railway•station, or a garden, or a merchant's counting-house, or a public office in any part of Europe, Asia, Africa, America, or Australis, without meeting with some incarnation of self-reliance sturdily asserting itself in a strong Notth;rn accent. As with individuals so with the nation. Scotland, although no: quite self-supporting, is self-made, and indomitably self-reliant. She never begs ; because, if crer in want, she has had the pride to conersi ker poverty, and the energy to remove it. She has never stretched forth gaunt hands across the Tweed for national relief. Training her sons for migration, she has never raised the cry of " Scotland for the Scotch." because she wisely prefers wanner climes and more genial soils for her offspring to labour in, knowing well that they will strike roof and prosper anywhere; and that she, at home, is always able to take especial god care of herseif, although the great body of them be absent. They aro bold men, then, who would risk the odium of depriving Scotland of her noblest attribute; but, in these times of political destitution, such men appear above the po:itical horizon at its extremest opposites, to raise, for fault of a better, the feeble watchword of "Justice to Scotland!" It is no less astonishing than pitiable to observe the puerile expedients which the minor members of exterminsted or effete political parties will adopt to keep themselves before the public. Yet the ball for the gathering of political' capital must be kept rolling under some pretence, be it ever so flimsy or untenable. Thus the constellation from diametrically opposite political spheres which shone for one brief night at Edinburgh was made up of heterogeneous elements that utterly confounded the antecedents of its various political stars. Free trader provost' were obliged to assent to the protectionist arguments of Tory lords. Doves, fluttering straight from the platforms of the Peace move nit nt had to coo their acquiescence in the belligerent thunder of a lion-like champion demanding for his native country more soldiers, more militia, more arsenals, more gunpowder. But they united most heartily in the cause dearest to their hearts—the nuni sacra fones,—aod in the shaking up of what" Cale donia stern and wile has hitherto heroically scorned —the begging-box. This they hold out to England for contributions very much in the style of the lame soldier in " Oil Blas." They demand grants of money for the Scottish Universities ; more money for certain museums and other public institutions; more money for more soldiers and more militia; more money for keeping the royal Scottish Palaces in thorough repair; and more mouey to provide for a Secretary of State for Scotland. Then, when all three contributions have been dropped into the box, they must have, they say, more members of Parlia ment, and—(sublime bathos !;—a new quartering for their national Hos in their national standard. These demands am worth examination, more for the sake of amusement than for serious refutation. First, Lord &LIMON spoke of the miserably in adequate endowments of the several Scottish Univer sities. But, if Scotland, drawing from the public treasury 7,5001. a year for her Universities, be grudgingly dealt with by the Treasury, how much harder is the case of certain English Universities, to which is doled out no more than 6,0001. per annum ? Secondly, his lordship com plained that, while hundreds of thousands of pounds i are expended in England upon Museums, National I Galleries, Arsenal, and Harbours, comparatively nothing is given to Scotland for those objects. Did he wilfully shut his eyes to the grants for the ' encouragement of arts and manufactures in Scot- I land ; to the 5,0001. a-year of the British taxpayers' money for maintaining Highland roads and bridges; to the annual expenditure for repairing the Ca:e donian Canal? t to harbours of refuge, a dozen more at least are now required along the coasts of England, which England cannot, it seems, at present afford fur herself. Thirdly. it is asked (with a violent shake of the money-box), why are not the royal palaces of Scotland kept in full repair and adornment? The answer is, because Royalty does not inhabit them ; yet, in spite of that conclu sive reason, between forty and fifty thousand pounds have been spent in the present reign upon Holy. rood ; and foe what ? To render it fit for the QULLN to sleep a couple of nights a year in, on her way to and from Balmoral, and to accommodate the few Crown pensioners who reside in it. Despite this enormous expenditure, the QuEes would fare as well at Barry's or Douglas's Hotel ; for she has not a rood of garden to walk in ; and it was recently disco vered that former grants of money had been used to deface instead of to adorn the old palace; for some of its finest carved ceilings had been laboriously filled up with plaster! The Palace of Linlithgow is also, .t is complained. very much out of repair; by reason 1 , let us suppose, of its being a fine old ruin. The ffort.ekeepor in the " School of Reform" boasts that she had darned up all the ragged old flags in her master's baronial hall. " The National Associrion for the Vindication of Scottish Rights" evidently wish the finest relic of antiquity in their country to be patched aad restored and spoiled in like manner. Shu - ting their eyes to the contni aide of •i:e account, the ‘inclicAtors of Scottish rights u_r posely abstain from allusion to the imperial coat (15,0001) of laying out Holyrood Park, and mitk.ng THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 9, 1853. posts, the sokliers generally bearing at least the name of Cossacks. In advance of these, along the slopes of the Altai, are a number of mining establishments, in which not a few of the moat adventurous and thriving speculators are Cossack deserters or exiles escaped from the penal settlements. From Tobolsk to Kiachta, along the line of military posts, is the great highway of the Chinese commerce, and trading settlements are here and there to be met with upon it, to which the nomades bring their peltries, and the Altai miners their gold and other metals to exchange for the commodities of Europe or China. From Kiachta to Okhotzk, and the peninsula of Kam schatka, there are two highways, upon which the military posts are less frequent, while there are not above half-a-dozen trading stations. The traffic along this line is kept up by the exchange of a few Chinese and European goods for the peltries of the surrounding regions and Russian America, and the produce of the fisheries of Okhotzk, Kamschutka, ' the Islands, and Russian America. The products of the Ural and Altai mines are valuable, though their value has been grossly exag gerated; the trade with China is respectable, though not greater in amount than that of one of our third or fourth-rate trading towns ; the trade of the regions to the east of Kiachta is utterly insignificant. The population of the four Siberian Governments of Tobolsk, Tomsk, Jeniseisk, and Irkutch is estimated at about three millions, which, bearing in mind that the immense majority are savage nomades, is probably not far from the truth. The population of the Government of Orenburg is estimated at rather more than a million—probably an exaggeration. Taking the lowest estimate of the superficial extent (uncovered by water) of Siberia, we have 3,600,000 square mile, occupied by four mil lions of inhabitants, only a very small proportion of whom are civilised settlers. The military and civil establishments of Siberia cost the Russian Govern ment annually more than the revenue of the country. The inhabitants, remote from the seat of govern ment too much scattered to be easily or cheaply coerced, enjoy a kind of rude competence, bordering in some cues on affluence ; but except as swelling the acreage over which it is the boast of the CZAR to rule, Siberia is of no real value to Russia—does not add to its strength. It can however be scarcely con sidered as an incumbrance, for it is in no danger of attacks from without. The scanty nomade popu lation which scours the broad Mongolian waste between China and Siberia has no temptation to cross the Altai Mountains in search of a leu genial climate; Mantchooria has been depopu lated ever since its population followed their dynasty en ;mese to the south of the Great Wall ; and the robber hordes who swarm along the frontier towards Orenburg, may perpe trate predatory forays, but have neither the wish nor the power to attempt inroads for conquest and permanent occupation. If Russia will leave its neighbours alone, Russia may be at ease for many years for any dangers that threaten it from the Siberian side. But will Russia be wise enough to leave these Eastern regions in repose ? If compelled to retire from Turkey, Russia will seek to indemnify itself by pushing forward its frontier to the Amur, which it has repeatedly attempted without success when China was tranquil. Indeed, the despatch of the ship of war which occasioned the late excitement at Ports mouth for the Pacific, looks as if the idea of aggression in that quarter were already entertained. In the present state of Chinese politics little opposition can be expected from China; but the extension of the Russian exclusive and vexatious system to the Amur might bring on a collision with the United States. It is also not improbable that attempts may be made to recruit the Russian exchequer by additional im posts on the Siberians among others. Now, it is true the progress of Siberia, compared with that of the United States, suggests a low estimate of Siberian enterprise and intelligence. Russian settlement had extended to Kamschatka before the American war of independence; since that time the population of the United Stases has increased from two to twenty four millions; their wealth in a still larger ratio. The population and trade of Siberia have scarcely increased at all in the interval. Yet among the traders, hunters, fishers, and miners, of Siberia, is to be found a spirit more akin to that of the Yankee than in any other part of the Russian dominions. They are tartly pioneers of civilisation; they are contented, for they have ample means of sub sistence, and are little troubled by government; but, composed in a great measure of exiles or their descend ants, they have little love for the CZAR'S government. Any measure tending to irritate the Siberians, and embroil Russia with the United States, would infal libly lead to insurrectionary movements which the Russian Government could not suppress, except at an expense of men and money tar exceeding the value of the territory. It need surprise no one should Siberia prove the first of the overgrown territo ries of Russia to shake off the domination of St. Petersburg. LATEST FROM ABROAD. TILE EASTERN QUESTION. (BY SUEVARINE AND EUROPEAN TELEOLAPII.) We have received the following despatch from our Paris correspondent: PARIS, FRID Y Moßmixo. A manifesto, which appears in the /ifoniteur of this day, says : " It wouid be presumptuous to regard the Eastern Question as settled. We may still expect to see it pass through different phases. The true danger of the situation cmsisted in the possibility of a division of the Powers into two parties. This fear has disappeared. The same views—the same wishes —animate France, England, Austria, and Prussia; and a protocol, signed at Vienna on the sth of this month, in a conference at which the representatives of the Four Powers assisted, attests their unanimous resolves." Cinturrmaa HOLIDAY.—The Mayor of Exeter has given his sanction to the suspension of business on Monday the 26th inst., in consequence of Christmas Day falling on a Sunday, the principal merchants and tradesmen having signed a memorial to his Worship for this purpose. No doubt other provincial cities and towns will suspend basinees also on the day in question, in order that both the employers and the employed may have a day's recreation. LIGUANEA AND GENERAL MINING COMPANY OF JAMAICA.—An extraordinary general meeting of the pro prietors of this company was bald yesterday, at their offices, in King's Armsard, Coleman-street, to confirm certain re Arms passed unanimously at a previous meeting held on the 21st ult., for raising 2s. per share (either with or without certain options of taking the unappropriated shares of the company) to enable the directors to carry on the affairs of the company and to test the Riverhead Mine, also for making certain bye-laws, rules, and regulations for the management and government of the company, registration of shares, or the affairs thereof; and of taking powers either to compel the registration of unregistered shares or scrip, or to forfeit the same if not brought in for registration within a certain time, and to comsel the parties holding such shares Or scrip to execute the deed of settlement. Mr. Prinsep, the chairmen, after ob.ierviog that the meet ing was merely for the formal purpose of confirming what had already received the unanimous sanction of the share holders, proceeded to put serrating resolutions for raising 21. per share, by two instalments of Is. each per share, payable in January and May next; for autnori-ing the pay ment of interest thereon, at 5 per cent. per annum, until the money so advanced shall be repaid or converted into new shares; for giving an option to the shareholders soaking the advance of taking the reserved shares at par, in proportion to the number of their original i.hares ; and for the other purposes mentioned in the advertisement, all of which were confirmed unanimously and without enerva tion. A vote of thanks to the chairman concluded the pro ceedings. BIKKRECK FREEHOLD LAND SOCIETY.—A lecture was delivered, at the King's Wad lon, Lower grove, Nor wood, on Wednesday evening last, by Mr. James Beale, the great promoter of freehold land amitties ; and the object of his observations was to demonstrate to the middle and working classes the great advantages they would derive from becoming members of such institutions. The lecture was delivered under the auspices of the Barkbrck Society, one of the directors of which, Mr. Barnard, occupied the chair. A ballot afterwards took place for priority of choice of allotment on the Lower Norwood estate. DARING CAuE or 11.01;3EUREAKING.—At an early hour on Wednesday some thieves made a furcibli entrance into the dwelling of Mr. Lumky, the tookteller, of 126, High Holborn. It is auppu.ed that the thieves effected an entrance through an ap.rture over the kitchen window. When the servant at empted to enter the kitchen she found that the door had been partially tercet'. She imme diately gave the alarm, and the house was searched. Great force had been used to breik the door, which is very mas sive and lined witn iron. The thieves had removed a por tion of the st ine Souring to aid them in the work. Had they go , inlo the upper prernisos, their booty would have tnen no doubt a rich ~ n e. As it happened, the articles they took were of little value. From the appearance of the prenti,eo, the marau•lcrs hod h•e n some hours occupied. Daring the time they ha I regaled them-elves with some rum, with which a piece of carpet and a blanket were situ• rated. S apicion attached to a man who was found con cealed in an adjoining area. Ho was takes into custody. the winding drive round Arthur's best—tho finest promenade perhaps in the world—except to say that the p*k has been " wasted:" Fourthly, whether there should be a Secretary of State for Scotland or not, is a point which was freely discussed before the voice of the Association creating itself Vindicators of Scottish Rights was heard, and will again be discussed when that puny voice is silenced. et is not denied that the HOME SECRETARY has too much to do (that, indeed, every Minister of State has too much to do), and it would be well, perhaps, to relieve him of his Scottish business; although even now he turns over most of it to the Lout) Auvoc VIE of Scotland, who has also too much to do. But a National Association for the Vindication of Scottish Rights is by no means required to help on the ques tion, however much tii,y require a sound practical question to help them on. Fifthly, the number of Scottish representatives in Parliament belongs to the general question of Par liamentary Reform, and the Association have also adopted that question to add weight and consequence to their struggles for notoriety. Sixthly, the Scottish lion : Well, we concede that at once without stint or hesitation. Let the heraldic Pgrievance-mongers quarter their lion in dexter chief, or in sinister chief, or in honour point, or in fees point, or let their lion be still rampant in bass point. In the name of a vast constituency of British common sense we aro quite willing to allow the Nationai Association fur the Vindication of Scottish Rights to vindicate the rights of their heraldic lion in any manner that may please them best. Although all sensible Scotchmen must smile at the small section of their countrymen who are bring ing down so much ridicule on themselves, yet they cannot but deplore the actual mischief such persons are capable of creating. The weak-minded and ignorant are ever more ready to foment than to heal a quarrel, if a quarrel be once set up ; and this pit ting two socially as well as politically united coun tries against each other; this wretched cry of English injustice to Scotland, may help to undo some of the good that the past century has done. The o:d separate and mischievous nationalities are now nearly absorbed. Scotland and England are fart becoming one nation in interests, in habits, and in social brotherhood. The superior national educa tion, the harder training, the greater steadiness in the pursuit of specific objects, which belong to the Scotch, have, by constant intercourse, not been lost upon Englishmen, and the various other nations to which Scotchmen have largely emigrated while they have profited by the excellencies of the other peoples with whom they are in contact. So thoroughly has amalgamation gone on that even migration has not been all on one side. It came out from the census of 1841, that there were more English residents in Scotland in proportion to its small population, than there were Scotch residents here in proportion to the very much greater popu lation of England. This may well be, and yet the numbers of Scottish residents in this country be very large. Indeed, the perseverance, general probity, and intcl:igence of the Scotch, gain them so mach public cor,Sdence, that if the " National Association" were to d;vert their calculations from the quantity of pubic money received by Scotland to the amount of pub.ic money received by Scotch•nien, their ory of ",justice " would be summarily silenced. Assuredly in that view, justice is rigidly meted out ; for what ever is paid to Scotchmen out of the British taxes is paid cheerfully, and whatever is received by them is—as a rule—honestly and manfully earned. JEIN PAUL RICHTER has the credit of having said that tbe French were masters of the land, the English of abases., and his own countrymen, the Germans, of the a. Whatever changes may have taken place since the days of JEAN PACE in the distribution of the other two realms, the Germans still continue in disputable masters in the aerial or windy re gions of groundless speculation. A sublime il lustration of this has just been supplied by the lucubrations of the Nationak Zeitung (Berlin) • the relative position and prospects of Russia and Turkey. The writer starts from a position which will scarcely be denied, that the future of Russia has at present a rather dark and lowering aspect. Ordi nary mortals—French or English—would have attri buted this to the innate vices in the civil and social organisation of Russia, to the reviving energies of Turkey, to the determined opposition of France and England, to the nefarious aims of the CZAR, and to the smothered discontent which pervades Poland, Finland, and even the country of the Don Cossacks and some other provinces. But such commonplace causes for Russian decline are beneath the notice of German transcendentalism. The writer in the Nationale &assay sneers at the idea that the reverses experienced by the Russians in Wallachia and on the frontiers of Turkish Armenia can be either causes, or symptoms of the causes, of Russian weakness. He seeks for these in the remote, visionary, and indis tiuct ; not in the nigh-at-hand, the actual, and tan gible. The dangers that threaten Russia, according N Dim, arise out of the Chinese revolution, the de ti•etsations of reviving Islamitic zeal in Affgha dim, and the late movements at Bokhara. This writer is evidently one of the class who hold every thing ignotunt pro magnifica ; and how utterly un known to him the regions and populations he prates about so familiarly are, maybe gathered from the fact of his speaking of Bokhara—and the Afghans—as the immediate neighbours of Russia; of the politics of these countries and China being susceptible of being combined into an united aggressive movement against Russia; and of Mantchooria as extending along the whole hoe of the boundary which divides the Russian from the Chinese dominions! The writer in the Nati/mak Zeitung has, however, although in ignorance, broached a subject which cannot be left out of account in any attempt to con jecture the future of Russia. Siberia—measuring from the Ural river to the southern cape of Kam chatka, has a length of nearly 4,000 miles, and an average breadth little short of 2.000. The extent of dry land in this region is variously estimated at from 3,600,000 to 3,400,000 miles. It is only a com paratively narrow strip of the southern part of Siberia that is available for the purposes of civilised life. The northern regions are resigned to a few straggling r.omade tribes, who decline rapidly in intelligence and physical power as they approach the Arctic Ocean. Even throughout the southern strip of territory where settlement has to some extent taken place, and where one or two great high-roads (or tracks) are traversed by traders, the greater part is still in the undisputed possession of nomade tribes. Around Orenburg, at the southern extremity of the Ural chain of moun tains, and near the great bend of the Ural river, there is a considerable settled population, mostly of a military character ; its chief employment being to watch over and control the somade populations between the Volga and the wes•err. termination of the Altai mountains on both sides of the frontier. Oa the eastern declivity of the oral chain, at least towards its southern terminus, there are nume row at raggling settlements of miners, some of them remarkable for intehigerce, industry, and prosperity. Around Tobokk is a considerable settled populuticn, composed chit exiles and the de scendants o f exiles, who hay., Lec•nnc permanent denizens of the country. From the Upper lntisch to the Sea of Okhotzk there are at intervals military PIEDMONT. GENOA, DEc. G. The railway from Turin to Genoa has been opened this day. The train of honour, which carried the ministeti, numerous senators, deputies, councillors of state, and officers, performed the journey in about four hours, stoppages included. The weather was extremely favourable. RUSSIA AND TURKEY. The Cologne Gazette has the following upon the prospects of peace which have lately been held out: —" It is again our disagreeable duty to depress un- founded hopes. We can scarcely build too little upon the new accord of the Powers on the Oriental ques- tion. It is now said that they have sent a collective note to Constantinople, and that there is every pros pect that the Turks will accept it. We must limit and correct these statements. A collective note by England, France, Prussia, sad Austria has not been sent to Constantinople, but the ambassadors of the Four Powers there have received like instructions. They have b. en directed to inquire of the I'orte under what condition it is prepared to conclude a peace. Her answer, it is thought, may supply a basis for the proceedings of a conference. it is of course to be supposed that Turkey can at once state her terms, but what will have been won when this is dose? Those terms may be never so just and right; Russia I has decl wed beforehand that she will not accept I them. It is said that the moment has been chosen for this new application to the Porte because Russia has shown herself disposed to negotiate. On that point her extensive preparations for war are the best possible evidence. The English ministry in this newest move can hardly intend more than to supply a new pretext for continued inactivity. Much more important than all these pompously announced reports from London is the fact which reaches us at the same time that the English Admiralty has not yet formed a plan of operations to be carried out on the Black Sea. The Vienna IVanderer states that the activity reigning at Ode-sa favours the belief that the winter will not be allowed by the Russians to suspend hostilities. The Lloyd of Vienna has intelligence from Odessa to the effect that the garrison of that town is to march into the Principalities, and be relieved from Taurida. Supposing that the Black Sea were com manded by a hostile fleet, the Czar could not bring the troops now is Taurida into the Principalities before next spring, and then only under the most disadvantageous conditions and at immense loss, so vast is the distance, so bad the roads, and so un favourable the season for marching. The difficulty would be still greater in the case of the Caucasus. But to that country the transport of troops has been already effected. The battles in Asia, of which intelligence has this week arrived, were fought at the end of October and beginning of November. Since then Prince Woror.zoff should have received impor tant reinforcements, as letters from Odessa state that between the 29th of September and Bth of October 18,000 men left that port for Ansklea, in Mingrelia. It does not appear why these troops were not landed nearer to the scene of war, at Poti or Redut Kalch for instance, unless it was intended to march them into the interior. From Ansklea a military road leads along the coast as far as St. Nicolas (Shelkatil), and another leads to Sugdidi. It was doubtless a portion of this force which perished in the Black Sea, before St. Nicolas, when the Foudroyant was wrecked, after being disabled by the Turkish guns. The name of the Turkish passenger steamer which, as previously announced, was captured by the Rus sians on the Black Sea ts the Needyi Tedjarsd. A writer at Bucharest says : That part of General Liiders' corps which occupied Oalatz and Ibraila has marched for Bessarabia. What the object of this strange movement is I have not been able to learn. Some suppose that the soldiers are simply going into whiter quarters • others say the whole of Ludes' is to embark at Reni for the Black Sea. The medical correspondent of the Vienna Worken sehrOt writes from Shumla that the weather had changed suddenly, and the cold set in. The low spurs of the Balkan were covered with snow, and for six days the quicksilver in the thermometer had been at 30 Fehr. The frozen ground now permits the carts, drawn by oxen and the pack-horses, to traverse the roads. Enormous quantities of provisions are an nounced from Varna, Shumla, and Matshin, and a small part of them have already reached the quarters on the Deists and Tabender. In Rassova all the barques are laden, and there is little doubt that all the necessities of the army will soon be supplied. Considerable consignments have also arrived from Beryls, and from Lesser Wallachia. The number of Europeans, which is already great in the army, in creases, and a great reinforcement is expected when the next transport arrives. A Babylonian confusion of torques prevails—English, French, Italian, Hun garian, and Polish, are mixed up with the Slavonic and Semitic dialects. The state of health has im proved; cholera is declining, and the number of wounded does not increase much. Warm clothing begins to arrive, and shoes, of which the troops were l en great want. A. letter from Belgrade of the 26th tilt., in the Lloyd of Vienna, says :—" It is positively stated that the Turkish government will recognise the declara tion of neutrality of Sorvia but under the formal condition that it will oppose any foreign attempt by arms. The Servian government has only given au evasive answer." The Sleek has the following on the answer made by the Sultan to the French ambassador at Constan tinople : The words of the Sultan are marked by a clearness which is not usual in diplomacy, and if they were pronounced as given by the Austrian journal we can only express our re gret at not having seen them published in the Moniteur, after the addre,a of the new ambassador of France. It is, besides, to be presumed, from the general aspect of the news received and front the letters which have arrivod, that the aspect of the audience given to General Baraguay d'Hil liers was still more warlike than the language given in the official journal would lead one to suppose. We ere, in fact, informed from Constantinople that, after an inspec•. tion of the fleet, Admiral Hamelin published an order of the day, in which he says—" Let every one be prepared to act at the first signal." The success of the Ottoman armies has much disconcerted in Europe those persons who went about saying that the Russians would only make a mouthful of the Turks. But these first advan tsges, which arc real, have produced an indescribable OE ct on the rono, aud even on the ray's. It was so locg, in consequence of their defective military organi•ation, since the Turks had tasted of the cup of victory, that th , y may be pardoned for being somewhat intoxicated with it. It is certainly a noble spectacle to behold this people, who is de termined to again revive to glory, achieving the right to immolate, without its being accused of weakness, its ancient rrejudices to the triumphal march of progress. It rushes headlong round the printing-offices; it pays without count ing for the bulletins of its general, and carries them away in triumph. We are already tired of the recitals given of the various affain on the Danube, but the people of Con stantinople and of the provinces read theta over and over again as if they were the greatest novelty. DRINKING FOR A WAGER.—On Saturday evening a foolish drunkard at Liverpool undertqak for a wager of I/. to drink a glass of strong ale every tire minutes for an hour. Ile won the het, hut at the expiration of the sixty minutes he was dead drunk, foaming at the mouth, aml .n a dangerous state. The stomach pump was succesquily applied, and a little rkill and attention restored him to health. FRANCE. -.- PARIS, WEDNESDAY EVENING. A draft decree is now before the Council of State, for opening a supplemental credit with the Minister of the Interior, of 4,096,873 f., to indemnify the city of Paris for the losses sustained during the revolution of 1848. It is stated that the dismissed writers of the Patrie have commenced en action fur libel against M. Dela metre, for insinuating that they wrote with a view to forward their own speculations at the Bourse. M. Alexandre Dumas' new piece, "La Jeunesse de Louis XV.," written to replace "La Jeunesse de Louis XIV.," has been also forbidden by the Censure. The Bordeaux journals announce the arrival in that city of Mr. Oliveira, NIT., for the purpose of collecting further information on the question of a reduction of the duties in England on French wines and brandies. It appears from tho .IPutoriul Ile,rde lais that this visit has caused some sensation, as it is believed that a reduction of the ditties would cause a greatly increased demand in England, and perhaps produce, by way of reciprocity, a reduction of the duties in France on certain articles of English ma nufacture. The compensation to the Paris bakers now in course of payment for the second fortnight in Octo ber amounts to the considerable sum of 619,000 fr. The difference between the official price and that which ought to be really charged, being Sc. per kilog., the above sum of 619,000 tr. shows a consump tion of 7,737,300 kilog. of bread for the fortnight, or 513,833 kilog. per day, being an increase of 35,833 kilog. per day in the consumption, as compared with that of the first fortnight of October. An increase in this proportion is however usual at that period of the year. PARIS, THURSDAY EVENING. The great news which made so much sensation in Paris and London at the beginning of the week turns out, as I ventured on Tuesday to anticipate it would do, to be nothing better than a canard. The anonymous Vienna telegraph which first set the story going now admits that a collective note has been drawn up, but that " no engagement has been entered into to insure its execution." All that remains true, then, is that the old Vienna con ference has made another proposition for a settle ment—a proposition of which, uncertain as we may be as to its precise purport, it may be said without rashness that thtre is no probability of its being accepted by either of the belligerent parties. The upward tendency of the Bourse was checked today, the news from London regarding the Eastern question being several shades less bright than yes terday. 'The Threes fell 35c. for money and 13e. for time. With the exception of the Southern, which rose 10fr., and the Grand Central, 3fr. 73e., all the railways were lower. St. Germain fell 121 r. 50e.; Rouen, 7fr. 30c.; Orleans, Mr.; Northern, 2fr. 30c.; Lyons, 3fr. 76c.; Strasbourg, 2fr. 30e. Bank of France, which has long been stationary, rose 10fr. The Monitcur gives a long report of the inaugura tion of Marshal Ncy's statue, with the speeches of the Minister of War and M. Dupin at length. It also very fairly publishes the parliamentary papers, showing that the statue, though erected by Napo leon 111., was decreed by the Provisional Govern ment, and ratified by thin Constituent Assembly. This fact was not alluded to in either of the speeches. The legitimist journals affect to treat the ceremony of yesterday as a matter of no importance, and mention it in a few words among the " accidents and offences" of the dry. M. Latour-Dumoulin, the government candidate, has just been elected deputy for the Doubs, almost unanimously. Sir Edmund Lyons has arrived at Constantinople. ITALY. - The Roman correspondent of the Aupbury Gazette writes on the 26th ult.:—" We again hear, in the stillness of the night, those sounds and signals which preceded the commotions of 1846. The other night the police found the Italian tricolor waving before the door of a person known to me. A great excite ment reigns among the Italian youth, both at Rome and in the provinces. On the night before last, about twenty young people were arrested us mem bers of a secret society. Among them were MM. Cigli, Pigioni, Lipari, lrucchi." SPAIN. - .. 4- The Madrid Gazette of the 2nd states that the re ceipts of the Treasury in October last were only 81,100,780 reale, 1,683,913 less than in the corres ponding month of last year. Lord Howden, the English ambassador, had returned to Madrid. The committee of the Chamber of Deputies on the budget had nominated M. Llorente its president, and M. Ocobro its secretary. A letter says, " The senate has this day com menced the discussion or the railway affair. The Duke de Rivas, M. Roe de Olano, and the Marquis de Somernelos, have announced their intention of speak ing in support of the resolutions of the majonty of the committee ; M. Antonio Gonzales, Count de Velle, and the Marquis de Caceres on the other side." THE PRESENT HIGH PRICE OF COAL. TO TEE EDITOR OP THE DAILY NEW. Slit,—l yesterday stated the high price of coal to be owing to—let. Strikes of pitmen; 2nd. high freights; and 3rd. lecreesed consumption. I would now add a few words to the remarks I made on the first of these causes, via., that it has been stated by a Northern coal owner, "that If the coals ware brought to London un screened, it would be as good as throwing 1,300 men into the trade." I think, therefore, that this is well worthy of the ►ttention of London coal merchants, at any rate let it have a fair trial. With respect to throwing open the coasting trade, I expect the shipowners will say "it will ruin their trade." But, sir, I say the shipowners would continue to make a fair profit were it thrown open to-morrow. We could employ at least 300 more ships in the trade than I see any chance of ourgetting in the present state of things. This last there were times when we could not get ships for London at any price at all, simply because there were none to be had. I should say that 60 per cent. of the colliers were diverted to the Baltic this summer, and some positively went to Australia! These facts, with the reasons I gave in my last letter show sufficient cause why the trade should be thrown open. Moreover the coal trade is not the only one which is concerned, but I leave others to speak for themselves. It is true, we have this year been atlowed to employ foreign seamen, but this is a half measure, cha racteristic of the present cabinet. We have now in the trade a file fleet of screw colliers, which, as they make three voyages for one that a sailing vessel can and do, do the work for very much less money. II id it not been for this relief, I do not kuow how much higher freights might have gone this year. The coasumption of coal has increased very much of late. This fact is generally admitted, I therefore need not remark on it. And now, sir, our trade has been attacked by the Times, and we have not been permitted to defend ourselves in that journal, Messrs. Cockerell and Co., and ether mer chants, having invariably bad their letters suppressed when they disclosed any " disagreeable facts" respecting the Great Northern Railway—(l expect Messrs. Cockerell to write and confirm this). " Paterfamilias " stated that coal merchants' profits were 6s. 9d. per ton. Messrs. Cockerell and Co. hare shown that while they sold at 325., the cost to them was 30s. " Paterfamilias " stated at the difference between the price of the Great Northern Railway and the price of, the London cool merchants was 10s. per ton. I reply, let any one look at the advertisements of the Great Northern and compare them with the advertisements of the trade, and see it they can make 10e.per ton ditterence.lt is perfectly notorious that coals 40 ur 50 miles down the line are lie. per tun dearer then at King's-trues, although, down the line, of course, they have no City dues (Is. ld.) to pay. The enormous profits ob tained by this ingenious method, is the "reason why" they sell "cheap coals" in Lohdon. I hese only to add that all those who think that the present high price of coal is making the fortunes of the Lon don merchants had better, by all means, come into the trade and try to make their fortunes also. It " Paterfiimilias"(qy. otherwise Mr. Biggins), who has now re'ired from the business, would come and show us how we ran get— not 6s. 9.l.—but 31. per ton prolit—his statue shall adorn the Coal Exchauge.—Your obtotent servant, ONE OF TILE 'MADE. Coal Exchange, Thursday. PRIZE ESSAY.—The premium offered for the best plan for reclaiming Dartmoor and for the development of its various resources has been awarded to Mr. Henry Tan ner, estate agent of Exeter, who was the successful compe titor far the Royal Agricultural Society's 50/. prize for his report on the agriculture of Devonshire. The rets.nt alte rations in the transportation laws have rendered Dartmoor an object of national interest from tl:e great success which has resulted from the establishment of the convict prisons on the moor, and the profitable employment of the convicts in reclaimining the surrounding waste. There are upwards of 200,000 acres of waste land of good quali y lying in the midst of the fertile county of Devoo, the property of the Prince of Wales, which is now almost unproductive. irty Court. OSBORNE, Ore. The Queen and the I)ocile 3s a Itrdbaut out yeeterdne an ruing. l'rinee Albert went out shootinz. Lard John Russell urrind (run London on a tz h Majesty. A deputation from Kingston -twee Thames had an ire t . view yestertsy with the G I Ward of Health, at u m , office, Whitehall. Tile deputation consisted of Frideritii Esq o f Su E•ul ;bi Mto n ay -on-Thatues.or of Kingston, and of S amuel Itanyar,i, The Cathedral Commission had a meeting yesterday, at their o ffi ce in Parliament-street. Pre ent—the Ita lic , of Blandford, the Earl of Harrowby, the Bishm Loch% Sir John Dodson, the Rev. Dr. Wordsworth, the Canon Selwyn, the Hon. and Rev. Henry Montagu Valier.,' and the Rev. Richard Jones (secretary). Despatches were sent yesteruay from the Colunial.otßee to the Governor of Malta, the Lord High Consmis.i oner of the lonian Islands, and the G overnor of the Pallsland Islands. The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council sat 'ester. day and heard a petition in the matter of " The Iteatusd of the Borough Court of Birmingham." Tne Lords pres ‘ia were the Lord Chief Justice ol tba Court of eminent Pleas, the Judge of the Admiralty Court, Sir J. Paulson, and Sir E. Ryan. TILE ELECTRIC TE.LEGILtPII is now extended to Osborne, the marine residence of her Majesty in the Isle of Wight, and telegraphic messages to and from Load., and Osborne are transmitted whencvsr necessity. TUE FARMERS' CLUE had their annual dinner yesterday evening, at the York Bridge street, 11,uk. friars. the only noticeably feature of the proneedin4s that Mr. Posey was very warmly received by the %tutu farmers who were present. This is a " sign of the has,," (or last year at the Smithfield Club Dinner, Mr. Pusey ass almost howled at by the protectionist landlords who were present on that °cc ,sion. Speeches were made by lir. Pusey, Mr. Sidney, Mr. Tattersall and others. SIR E. BULwER LYTTON, NIX., has consented to preside at tke approaching annual soir,r. of the Leed, blezhanics' Institution, which will take plate in January. BURIAL SOCIETIES. Yesterday (Thursday), the Grand Jury at the Liverpool Assizes, of whom William Brown, EN., Mx. f or South Lancashire, was foreman, made the following pry sentment to Baron Aldersor " Presentment of the Grand Jury, at the Liverpool Spa. cial Commission, ISs3:—Tlie Grand Jury are unwilling to separate without recording their unanimous opinion that the interference of the legislature is imperatively called for to put a stop to the present system of mosey pap/isms by Burial Societies. From the cases brought before them ot the present assize•, as well as fruin past experience, the Grand Jury have no doubt that the system operates as a direct incentive to murder, and that many of their fellow beings are year after year hurried into eternity by those most closely united to them by the ties of nature and of blood, if not of utfec•ion, for the sake of the few pounds to which, by the rules of the societies, as at present comb. tuted, the survivors are entitled. The continuance of such a state of things is too fearful to contemplate, and as a simple remedy suggests Ailed, without impairing the use fulness of sick and benefit societies, the scope and object of which are admitted to be both humane sail benefic.xl, the grand jury would respectfully but earnestly request that the attention of the proper aucliorities may be at once directed to this painful object. " The misdirection of these funds, the alarming icercage I. crimes of violence, accompanied by the barbital's use of the knife—the lamentable prevalence of strikes among the working classes, arising from the ill•underatoud relations of workpeople and their employer:, and leading inevitably to breaches of the peace and other calamitous results, have forcibly impressed upon the minds of the grand jury the great importance of extending the means of imparting edu. cation to all classes of the community, for it is their unsoi• mous opinion that no solid foundation fur any abidiog and salutary change in the habits and pursuits of the po!rir classes in this country can be hoped fur, unless such change is based upon the education and training of the young; that the charge for the education of this class ought not to be allowed to rest, to so large an extent as it now does, upon the benevolent exertions of the wise and good; that there is a duty, and a pecuniary responsibi:ity, as regards education, which should rightfully devolve upon the state, and that this responsibility is one which the legislature ought no longer to shun.— Wst. 13nowx, Foreman." Baron Alderson—l think you have done a very great service by bringing this preseatment before the court. 1 will take care that it shall be fotwuded to the Hume Secretary. THE LOSS GI: THE 3LIRsILILL. - The Eastern Counties Herald of yesterday says that as soon as passible after receiving intelligence of the apprehended loss of the Elbe-Humber Steam Nevigatiou Company's screw steamer the Marshall, Mr. Peters, the company's agent, at Hull, despatched another steamer to ascertain if practicable something positive as to the fate of the vessel. This steamer (the Duncaenon) returned on Saturday night, and the captain of the Hammunia (another vessel of the Elbe-Humber Company), who went down and along the Yorkshire coast ia her, reported that nothing was perceptible. A report has prevailed in the town during the week, and very generally credited, that the masts of the steamer had been seen above the water; but we have the best authority for saying that the report is alto gether untrue- Mr. Peters has taken every step that ex perience or propriety could suggest, to throw some light upon the fate of the ship, but hitherto without avail. Mr. Peters has caused a strict search to be made along the Holderneu coast, up as far as Essington, but no traces whatever of the Marshall have been discovered. The number of hands oil boar/ the Marshall was about GI. The passengers were about 38, and the crew IS. Of the latter, we believe, that with the exception of the English engineer, who has resided fur many years in Hamburg, they are all foreigners- The only additional fact which ws have ascertained up to Wednesday afternoon, is that the Bravo, from Petersburg to Hull, when about 30 miles from Flamborough, picked up a large emigrant's chest, euatain ing wearing apparel, dec. It was addressed " Walree, passenger to New York." This cannot at present be iden tified as having belonged to one of the Marshall's passengers. TilE LASH AT THE CHELTENHAM GRAMMAR SCHOOL. - On the Gth instant, at the Cheltenham County Court, George John Mickenright, aged 13 (by his father, a clerk in a solicitor's office), sued Mr. Andrew Livingstone, the drill sergeant of the Grammar School, and Dr. Humphreys, the head master, for two assaults on the 2-sth of October and the Bth of November last. The damages were laid at 4 guineas. The assaults complained of were floggir.gs administered by the drill sergeant, under the directions of the head master. The first consisted of twelve stripes, inflicted with a riding whip, for quarrelling with some of the boys belonging to Cheltenham College, with whom the grammar boys seem to have been at feud. The second punishment was for throwing a cracker in the fire during school time, for which he was ordered six stripes. The boy, however, refused to take off his coat, flung himself on the ground, and gave the sergeant (as he stated) four or five violent kicks. The Doctor then said, " For his obstinacy give him eighteen, sergeant." The result was that the boy's back was, as described by one witness, "lashed from the neck to the waist, and had the appearance of newly -cut meat with a thin skin over it. It was in a dreadful state. Tue skin, however, was not broken ; there was no blood." The boy was confined to his bed the next day and spat blood. Another boy who had also twelve stripes on the first occasion, said that he had a fit the next day. For the defence it was pleadel that the whipping was only a reasonable and moderate chastisement. Witnesses coo nected with the school described the sergeant as a very kind man and universally beloved by the boys. It was also stated that Dr. Humphreys was averse to flog- ging, and that there was much less corporal punishnieut in the school than usual, considering the number of boys and the excellent state of the discipline. The judge (Mr. Francillon) decided that the whippings were assaults in law, and must carry damages. He must soy he di•approved of the 11'.F• gings by the drill sergeant, and thought, although the master might have a rieht to delegate his authority to another, it ought to be delegated to au educated person. He had no doubt that Dr. Humphreys, in what he had done, bad been only actuated by good motives, and that the error committed was an error of judgment only ; he trusted the decision in this case would not operate injuriously either to himself or his aM,csol, hut, under all the circumstances, judgment must go for the plaintiff for four guineas, the amount claimed. The proceedings occupied nearly eight hours.—Ch , /(C5 ham Examiner. TnE ARCTIC REGIONA.—The managers of the Gallery of Illustration hare, it smears, been in communi cation with Captain Ingle&ld, who ha* supplied them with sketches of the adventures if the Arctic trtveller: and their ship•, and from these, he , ghtenett hr the *fleet* which Messrs. °sieve and T.lbin allow hnr t, introduce, we are to have a series of Arctic illustrations as a aorelty in that popular gallery. by th( tha obt