The Express. — London, England, 1848-07-04 00:00:00

l iv e r ose against them to 183,0001., and in the same month in 1847. twelve months after the act of 1846, which admitted slave -labour sugar into the home market, it was 410,0001. (Hear, hear.) This was the position of a house that never bought a single ton of sugar, all the money having been ad vanced in cultivating their own estates on the faith of acts of parliament, the violation of which enteiled upon them lees of from 400,0001. to 500,0001. Then, with reeled to the argument of the too great iacrease I f oar zolonial mph e, the Mauritius was the key to India. If we hail possessed the Mauritius 50 yeas before we did we should have conquered India with less difficulty, and re tained it with tar less cost. (Hear, hear.) And suppose that colony were now in the hands of the French, what would be our position in regard to our Indian possessions ? It was the same as to many of ear other colonies, and he contended that imperal as well as commercial considerations were eon nquent4 invo:ved in the consideration of this question. Let America possess Canada, the West India isiandr, and the Gulf of Mexico, and what security should we have for retaining the commercial advantages which we now enjoyd. The right hon. baronet the member for Ripon (Sir J. Graham), who admitted that he supported the government proposition against his conviction, said that he BA so because he (Mr. Doriteli), in opposing the measure of 1846, had said the time would soon conic when a spirit of re action would arise, which would compel the resein ling of that measure, and the right hon. baronet would not vote with the hon. member fur Droitwich, because he would not twist in fu;filling that prediction. But the government had themselves fulfilled the prediction. Ilia prediction was not trt lucid . of any particular duty. What he said was that the ,1,1 p a v e before log to chum:, i s course of legiala • . lion—(hear, hear)—that it would nave to go owe, an.: they had gone hack. (Protectionist cheers.) Aed whether the, protective duty proposed was 7s. or 101., the reaction was the some. (Hear.) Reaction was not a thing which could be regulated by act of parliament—the c Aurae of reaction, which was the ebb and How of public opinion, was inevitable —it WAS the courage of hcpe deferred—of false representati.n, and of the awakening of the nation out of the delusion into which it hail been lulled. And when they found the capital of the colliery wasting away—the mills standing still — the lobourers was not surprising that there should be distrust in the theories the adop tion of which had produced those results. (Hear, bear.) It might be well for the right hon. baronet (Sit J. Graham) to soy there was no reaction : he rememhered gen tlemen who used to adopt the cry of "no surrender," and then laid down their arms (hear, hear) —but such bravado would nit arrest the progress of public opinion or the inevita ble course of human affairs. Let them continue the ceurse they were now quitting with so much hesitation and so much timidity, and let the principles of the right hon. member for Manchester be pursued, and within an interval of two years the right hon. baronet would have to raise the cry of " no reaction " amid a dna lying empire and a des; airing people. (Cheer., and cries of " Divide.") Mr. C. P. VILLIERS denied that the majority of the sugar I nil coffee planting committee were tree traders, or that they were in favour of reaction. There were ten pro tectionists ad only five free traders on that committee. (Cries of "No, no," and "Name.') He repeated there were ten protectionists either in principle or for the occasion on toe article sugar on that committee. (Name.) Then, as to the question whether the proposition of the hon. member for Drottwich was carried by a majority. The proposition to which the committee could not be brought to agree was that of a 10s. protection ditty ; and the hots. member for Liverpool was only able to carry it by two members leaving the committ , e, who, had they remained, would have voted against it. There was no evidence taken before the corn. mince whieh showed that protection wan necessary tor the prosperity of the West India colonies; the effect of the evi; deuce was rather to show that what was required was a forced introduction of labour, and the exclusive posussion of the British market. (Hear, hear.) Sir J. PAK INGTON—What he bad said wan, that the committee did recommend a duty of ten shillings. But he was disposed to hope that it woulA not be necessary to keep up that amount of duty longer than three years, and after thatthere should be a descending scale. Lord G. BENTINCK rose merely to answer the question be had been challenged to answer respecting the constitution of the committee. Of the 15, whose names were settled between the Secretary of the Treasury and himself, only three had voted whist the bill of 1816—(hear, hear) — Sir J. Pakington, Mr. P. Miles, and himself. Five had voted in favour of that ant, Mr. Lat.ouchere, Mr. Goul burn, Mr. M. Gibson, Mr. C. Villiers, and Mr Ewsrt. (Cheers.) There were of avowed free leaden., whose opi nions on the subject were not known, Mr. Cardwell, who did not vote fur or against the act of 1846; Sir T. Birch, Mr. H. Hope, Mr. J. Wilson, Mr. J. Matikeson, and Sir E. Buxton. The resolution of the committee, which was eventually carried was proposed by Sir T. Birch, the member for Liverpool, and it was by the spe cial desire of the secretary to the Treasury acting for the gore, nment that Sir T. Birch had been put upon the committee. (Hear, hear.) Lord G. Manners was the only other member, and he was supposed to favour the opinion of the chairman. He had fairly stated the composition of the committee, and he appealed to that house—(cheers) —whether its decision in favour of the resolution moved by the hon. mem ber for Droitseich was not entitled to respect as the opinion of a committee fairly and impartially framed and constituted. If there was any bias it wascertainly against the pl inters' interest. and in favour of the opinions of the noble lord. (Hear, hear.) He hail much to say in justification of his hon. friend's reso. lution, hut at that late hour he would not enter upon the subject, but reserve himself for another occasion. (Ironical cheers.) Mr. CARDWELL having said a few words explaining the course taken by him and Mr. Goulburn on the tom- mittee, The committee divided.—For the amendment 169 Against it Mr. BARELY, who said he also had an amendment to propose, moved that the chairman should report progress. Lord J. RUSSELL requested that the committee might I be allowed to proceed with the resolutions. The CHAIRMAN haring put the question that "thirteen shillings " stand part of the preamble. Mr. GLADSTONE said he thought the resolutions wire of so much importance and intricacy that it would be im possible to get them through before Wednesday. He would not ray whether blame might not attach to the government for not bringing the question on earlier. He thought it objectionable that duties should be thus . ruled on a simple resolution of the house ; at all events, no advantage would be gained by commencing a consideration of the re solutions now. He would recommend the noble lord, now that the house was in committee on the sugar duties, to take a temporary resolution continuing the duties of 1846. Mr. COBDEN saw no great object to he gained bypassing these resolutions now. It would be running a race against those merchants who were importing large cargoes of sugar on the assurance that the scale would not be interfered with. If the resolutions were passed. it would be a serious loss to those merchants who bad probably given a higher price fur the sugar in expectation of having Is. 6d. lees duty to pay. Lord J. RUSSELL said that, seeing the objections that had been made, he would not now press the committee to paw the resolutions. lie would not propose a temporary resolution continuing the duties, because such a course would be quite unlocked fur. As it appeared the question could not be !settled before the sth July, he would propose that the chairman should report progress; and he would name Friday next for going on with the resolutions. Mr. GLADSTONE wished to know what would be done in reference to the duties which would come into operation on Thursday. It was not a question affecting merely those who had sugar in bond, but those who had it on the way towards this country. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, in answer to Mr. Gladstone's former remarks, said it had been the in variable practice to give directions for the alteration of duties on a simple resolution of the house. He referred to several cases in point, and said that that precedent would now be followed. By the course now proposed, all the sugar that tame in between the sth and the time the resolution was re ported, would come in at the reduced dt.ty. Mr. GLADSTONE repeated that this arrangement would be attended with great inconvenience, He urged the noble lord to give notice of n resolution for this day, to be reported on Wednesday, and thus the question would be kept opt n. The motion for reporting progress was then agreed to. and the house resumed. TRIAL OF JUVENILE OFFENDERS IN IRELAND. Sir It. FERGUSON obtained leave to bring in a bill for the more speedy trial and punishment of juvenile offenders in Ireland.—The bill was afterwarda brought in and read a first time. SELECT COMMITTEE ON THE TENANTS (IRELAND) BILL. Sir W. SOMERVILLE brought up the report of this corn. mittee ' which was ordered to be printed. The house adjourned at two o'clock. DUBLIN ELECTION CONNlTTEE.—Yeaterday the scrutiny was proeecdtd with, and Mr. Reynolds's majority was furtho r reduced by three votes. WESTMINSTER REFORM SOClETY.—Yesterday a general meeting of the members of this society, whose ob ject woe to extend the franchise, and to send to parliament two repreientatives who advocate their principles as re formers, was held at the York Hotel, Upper Wellington strt et. N, r. %V. Gceson took the chair. The minutes of the proceedings which took place at the last meeting were read, and on the qu'stion of their confirmation being put, Mr. Prout said that he wished to propose an amendment on the following grounds, that be thought it would not be prudent to confirm the minutes of the last meeting, as no notice was given to the members that at that meeting it was intended to revise and alter the general rules on which the society was founded. His amendment was " that the society having at their meeting of the 10th ult. materially changed its princi ples and mode of government without having given any pre vious notice thereof to the members, and as a large majority of them must have been ignorantof such intended alteration, the present meeting refrain from confirming the minutes and convene a special meeting for the reconsideration of the alteration made in their rules and principlei."—Mr. Cribb seconded the amendment, which was put and lost by a large majority.—The minutes were then confirmed. —Mr. Pouncey thought that if the resolution which he would new propose was carried, perfect satisfac tion would bo afforded to all the members of the society. He moved, " that a spedal general meeting of this society be called for Monday, the 17th of July, to reconsider the rules and principles adopted on the 19th of June." Mr. Lagram seconded the motion.—. Dr. Brett moved, and a member seconded, an amendment, that it be .tot enter tained, which was carried, and the original motion lost. It was then agreed that 1,000 copies of the revised rules be printed and circulated, and a letter having been read from Sir De Lacy Evans, stating his determination to support the petition, which the meeting sent to Mr. Luahington for pre sentation to parliament, the meeting separated. The Onirefifi. MAILS, The nulls for the Brasile, the Zirer 'Plate, Morita Video, Pernam buco. Bahia, Madeira, and Buenos Ayres, will be made up on the evening of the 4th July. The made for Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Cadiz, and Gibraltar will be made up on the morning of the 7th July. The mails toe British North America, and the United Start e, will be mane up en the evening of the 7th July. The Midland closed mails, rid Marseilles, to the Mediterranean, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, flung-Kong, tec., will be made up on the. evening of the 7 th July. The West India Mails, excluding Bermuda, Noma°, Havana, Rondonia New Orleens, Vera Crux, Temple°, and Purto Rico, and including llama Cur Masielre, Joemel, (Yarthagen i, Santa Martha, Omura Panama, Meet Coast of South Amertca, and St. Juendlis Nicaragua. will be mule up un the evening of the 17th July. The overland Mails lot Gibraltar, Malt:4 Greece, the lonian Islands, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, thong-Kong, and (Anna, rid Southern too, will be made up on the morning of the 211th July. The nude for New south Witte s, Van Dieman's Lind, mod New Zealand will be mule up on the evening of the 31M July. The mods fur the West GAitt of Africa and Madeira will be made up on the evening of the Slot July. NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS. The number of STAMPS tutted by the authorities of the Stamp-ott:ce, during 1847, to the DAILY NEWS was 3.447.009 This, we believe, in within eight per cent of the number issued to the Morning Hernia, Morning Chronicle, and Atoning PO( , ALL, PUT TOCIETHRt% In addition to the above, issued to the DAILY NEWS, Morning Paper, there were issued for the hueneti7 Edition, THE EXPRESS 778.714 Which was more, we believe, than woe issued either to •he Globe or Standard, Evreing Papers• IMOD "FATED AT LONDOP 14111110 E. Tata Day— . :crams, 14 ma. past 4: 34 ND, paat —Daymaa.S4 aus.paat 4. ADAY,... 16 ma... pau S. LONDON, TUESDAY, JULY 4. TILE wisdom of O'Coslistdd. and the folly of those who; opposed his policy in Ireland arc daily and hourly becoming inure ap,varent. " I am for cortsti tutioual agitation," he was wont to say, " because when it's in the right, good will be done by it, and when it's in the wrong, there is no easier way of let ting the popular passion expend itself—right or wrong I'm fur it; there can be no safety in an oppressed and impoverished country without it." And for many a year there was safety from con spiracy and anarchy in Ireland. O'Cossett. knew his country to the core. He knew the swelling sense of injury and neglect that was in its bosom. He knew that every strong emotion of an excitable mul titude throbbed in unison—the generous for a day of rescue, the selfish for a night of terrible revenge. Left to themselves, or to reckless and unprincipled plot ters, he knew that their bitter thoughts would drive them blindly into secret cguncile and sanguinary deeds, wherein hisforesight showed him but one dim anddreary future of individual misery and national defeat and humiliation. Returning when a young man from St. Omer, where he had been sent for study, he met by accident JOAN SIIEAKES, afterwards a leader and a victim of the insurrection of 'N. The ill-fated en thusiast had been in Paris enjoying the triumph of Jacobiniam, and in the course of conversation he pro duced a handkerchief which had been dipped in the blood of Louts XVI. O'CONNELL shuddered, and re solved to take arms against the " physical force" men in his own land, which he lost no time in actually doing, when the militia of his native county were enrolled. But the impulse of disgust and horror did not ex haust itself there. Throughout all his varied life his aversion to bloodshed, and fear lest his fellow countrymen should by any possibility be drawn into a physical struggle with their mis-rulers, never ceased to guide and govern him. It was in this spirit he founded and directed the Catholic Association ; and it was in the same spirit that he called into peaceful though dangerous being the monster array for Repeal. His strong sense of the manifold evils under which his country laboured led him to desire such a gigantic exhibition of popular might as at his bidding was displayed at Tara and Mullaghmast. lie believed that such spectacles have their moral effect, both on those who share in them and on those who hear their voice, as of many waters, from afar. And un- ' doubtedly he reckoned truly. But O'CONNELL had sworn that never, while ho lived and swayed the mind of his country, should scoundrelism or violence have a chance of even momentary triumph. Ile , honoured the bravery of his people too highly to see ' it led out to unavailing slaughter. He looked forward to their eventual redemption from politi cal disability and social bondage with too clear and steadfast an eye of faith, to be dazzled or be wildered by the trumpery parade of harebrained zeal, or the treacherous false lights of the fomenters o confusion. O'CONNELL is gone, and his wisdom would seem to have perished with him. The organisation of secret clubs—that old trap of crime and sedition-mon gers, to which he never couldbebeguiled into lending the least toleration—is now actively set for its prey. Open and advised speaking is no longer relied upon exclusively. The far more mischievous and insidious mode of spreading schemes of anarchy and plunder, through the instrumentality of secret societies, has begun in many parts of Ireland; and to stimulate the formation of these clandestine associations emissaries from the confederation, or, as it is now called, "the League," are publicly sent through the provinces. Enrolments everywhere are thus going on. Twenty men in a locality constitute a club. It elects a commander or president, and every member undertakes to contribute to its funds, and to obey its orders. In due time the process of affiliation will come. Some secret and irresponsible knot of desperadoes in Dublin or elsewhere will hold the strings of mischief in their hands, and should they hold long enough together they may one day plunge thousands of their hapless dupes into frantic acts of guilt and ruin. Meantime there is all the glory and bad importance of mischief-making on a large scale, to say nothing of the meaner perquisites of lawless power. After vainly endeavouring to dissuade his asso ciates from entering upon this infatuated course Mr. Jowl O'CONNELL has retired from the scene alto gether. With those who were bent upon such expedients and devices, he had of late, to his credit be it spoken, grown exceedingly unpopu lar. He refused to bid with them or against them for contraband influence. The maxims of his father were still sacred in hie eyes, and his conscience would not permit him to depart from them. For the moment he has seemed to stand alone ; but the returning judgment of the people will, we are convinced, one day vindicate that true courage which has impelled him to lay down within a year from hie father's death that post of leadership to which he had been raised. His opinions on repeal and other important questions he of course retains. But he protests against sacrificing the lives of the people, or hazarding that sacrifice. He knows the impossibility of successful revolt, or armed menace, and he has acted the part of an honest and a brave man, in boldly telling the credulous multitude a truth which it behoves them to know, just in propor tion as they are unwilling to hear it. But what shall be said of those who, taking the opposite course, are dallying with massacre and tam pering with projects of spoil? To appeal to their generosity or honesty . of purpose would be idle—to appeal to the loquacious quality they try to palm upon•the world for political courage would be equally vain. We believe the ritriol throwers to be destitute of such feelings. But we give them credit for certain other sentiments which may serve them yet materi ally. We allude to their sense of danger, and the train of uneasy sensation therewith connected. If they are reckless of the lives of others, let them take some pity on their own. We don't by any means intend to convey that we suppose the heads of all the MITCH ELITES put together are worth much to anybody except their owners; but we have a notion that these individuals have a more than ordinary esteem for them, and would go far in a pardonable endeavour to preserve them. On this ground solely do we venture on a word of warning. Let these lovers of physical force look at the result of their favourite doctrines, as car ried into full practical operation in Paris. When the news of the revolution of February reached Ireland, they were crazed with joy. Moral force was stunned and paralysed ; physical force grew rampant with exaltation. Barricades and street fighting were the point of every article and the text of every harangue. A new era had dawned. The end of the old system of things drew nigh. The swaggering grew turbulent, the threats fero cious, and the sedition ripened rapidly into stark treason. " Let government touch one of them if it dared!" After long forbearance it did dare, and then the cry was, "let it attempt to punish or ex patriate the guilty if it dare;" but this it dared too, THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, JULY 4, 1848. and all the eloquent fury vanished into smoke. Ever since the forsworn confederates prudently postponed any active display of sympathy for Mr. MITCIIEL " until after harvest," they have talked in general I terms more belligerently then ever. The example of Paris has ever been on their lips; let it be so still, and we are satisfied. Let them in time be warned by the scenes of horror that have been enacted there within the last few days what is the condition annexed to political changes, however laudable they may intrinsically appear, when those changes are accorniilished by a multitude in arms. IN a few days the CHANCELLOR OF THE Eit- CIILQUEIt in to favour parliament t nd the public with a second and improved edit•on of his budget. Will he avail himself of the opportuni•y to reduce the daty on advertisements—a matter in which the whole in- dustriai public, and Parties engaged on the political periodi, al pt ess in particular, have a deep interest ? There is no duty of which ho could reduce the rate with more certainty that an increased use of the article, sufficient to prevent a permanent reduction of revenue, would be the consequence. A return of the gross and net receipts from stamps and taxes in every year from 1832 to 1847-8, recently presented to par liament, ilrovra ti . - , - ond a doubt. The receipt 'rem duties on advertisements in Eng land during the year ended January 5, 1833, was 137,122/. ; in the year 1847-8 it was 133,567/. The difference is so trifling that it may be left out of ac count and the receipts for the two years stated as equal. But in 1832 the sum representing one advertise ment duty was 3s. 13d., or seven sixpences ; in 1817-8 it was Is. 61, or three sixpences. The receipt in 1832 therefore represents a total of 783,534 advertisements ; in 1847.8 it represents a total of 1,780,893. In con sequence of the reduction of duty the public were able in 1847-8 t I pay the price of more than double the accommodation in the way of advertisements that they could in 1832. The public enjoyed twice as great facilities in the intercommunication of want, and,forming of business arrangements; and the taxed advertising media had twice as much business af.er the reduction as before. And the national revenue from this source was not sensibly diminished. In Scotland the result of the diminished rate of duty has been the same. The receipt from advertise ment duties iu Scotland was 18,2781. in 1832, repre senting a total of 104,445 advertisements; in 1847-8 it was 18,105/., representing 241,400. And yet, as we have more than once had occasion to show, the reduction of the rate of advertisement duty in 1833-4 was one of those timid half-measures' which do not afford free play to the economical prin ciple, in virtue of which reduced rates of duty yield equal and sometimes larger retures of revenue. The duty of Is. 6d. is charged indiscriminately upon the advertisement of the wealthy railway company to whom such a sum is nothing, and that of the poor ser vant out of place, upon whom it is a heavy tax. It is charged equally upon the column advertisement in which the great publisher announces his publications for the season, and the three lines of the poor author who is venturing his first experimental volume on the town. It is not to the disproportion of the tax tc the means of the tax-payer we are now seeking to direct attention, but the tendency of the duty to prevent that tepetition of the poor advertiser's advertisement which is necessary to command attention. The large advertisement of the pub'isher catches the eye at once; the wealthy company can afford to advertise day after day ; but the increase in the expense of advertising occasioned by the duty causes the' poor cookmaid out of place, and the almost poorer literary adventurer, to rest contented with one or at the mos. two insertions, whereas half a-dozen or a dozen repetitions would be required to ensure their modest announcement notice among the wilderness of advertisements by which it is sur rounded. The increased expense of advertising dimi nishes the usefulness of the practice and the frequency with which it is had recourse to; and the check upon the frequency with which this means of ensuring necessary publicity is had recourse to, materially diminishes the business and profits of those whose publications are the usual and recognised advertising channels. Were the duty on advertisements reduced to 6d. each it would scarcely be felt by many merito- ' noes classes upon whom it at present bears most oppressively. The best class of servants are those who advertise when in want of a place ; and their ability to seek employment by this means is grievously curtailed by the existin; rate of duty. Es-en with the wealthier classes, any person who takes the trouble to examine the advertising columns of American, or even of our own colonial journals, must be convinced that much business is advantage ously transacted by their means in the United States i and n the British colonies, which owing to the high rate of duty cannot be so transacted id this country. i If the reduction from 3s. 61 to ls. 6d., which still excludes the great body of the industrious operative classes from the advantages of advertising, and mate-1 rially narrows its sphere of accommodation even to the wealthy, has occasioned the immense increase is the practice of advertising which we have noted above, who can set limits to the increase of which a further reduction to cad. might be productive? The reduction would have the advantage of break ing up the monopoly of advei tieing at present enjoyed by a comparatively few old advertising journals. The consequent Increase in the business of advertising would call into existence new advertising media, and competition stimulating invention would devise new modes of charging, resulting in still greater ad vantages to the public ; and flee discussion, the disse mination of honest, independent opinion on pablie affairs, would gain infinitely by the measure. It is generally known that advertisements are a main sup port of political periodicals, and the immensely greater number of newspapers supported by the American than by the British public, taken in connexion with the obviously greater extent of the advertising business in America than in England, shows that the former phenomenon is in a great measure the canoe qumee of the latter. For many years the number of influential daily newspapers in London has been limited to five or six by the monopoly-creating in fluence of fiscal legislation. And the consequence of this monopoly in newspaper enterprise has been, to centralise the power of disseminating political opinion in such a limited number of individuals, as at once to facilitate the corruption of the newspaper press by men in power, and in return to place men in power frequently at the mercy of these their corrupt tools. The reduction of the advertisement duty we have recommended would go far to break up the news paper monopoly, and thereby at once to elevate the I character of English journalism, by diminishing the effect of corrupt practices on the part of men in power and the temptation to have recourse to then: — to emancipate statesmen from the venal dictatorship' of a few monopolist newspapers—and to substitute in the newspaper press a healthy and fair conflict of public opinion for the crotchets or hypocrisy of a few exclusive journalists. All the advantages we have enumerated—both to incluetrial enterprise and sound honest political opinion—any CHANCELLOR OF THE EXCHEQUER, de serving the name of statesman has it in his power to confer, to a considerable extent , on the country, by I the simple process of reducing the duty on advertise ments—a step which experience has shown may be taken without any risk of a permanent diminution of revenue. ME circumstances attending the erection, the endowment, and the object of the new College of St. Augustine at Canterbury, render its consecration, which we duly chronicled yesterday, an event of considerable importance. Here, in an age to which the characteristic of selfishness is generally ascribed, we have a private gentleman, out of his own resources, pumhastng the site of an old conventual establishment, erecting thereon a fabric, in style similar to the former build ing, furnishing large funds for its endowment, as a college to educate and send forth missionaries of the church of England, procuring to the collegiate body for which he has thus provided, a corporate character, and then assigning the whole over to the administra tion of the church, of which he is a pions mem ber: all at a cost, it is said, of nearly 40,0001. to himself. In this act of private munificence Mr. ALEXANDER HOPE rivals the examples of past, benevolence which adorn those medieval times he delights to recur to. Whether Mr. HOPE might not have expended this large sum in a manner more ad vantageous to the object he had in view, had he been less enamoured of that age, would in all probability be a fruitless, as it might be deemed a hypercritical, inquiry, inasmuch as, had it not been for his admira tion of its spirit, the college of St. Augustine would not, we suppose, have been erected and founded by him. But it is not supererogatory to sug gest that, designed as it is to propagate by missionary efforts the creed of that church whose establishment is founded on the ruins of the faith and the practices of the middle ages in this country, it will be a serious obstacle to the success Mr. HOPE aims at if the prin ciples of those times gain too great a sway in the government of the new institution, or even, let us add. over its discipline. This is the error that will chiefly have to be guarded against by Bishop COLERIDGE and his coadjutors—for the college has from the moment its foundation-stone was laid been an object of suspicion to a large, perhaps the largest, party in the church. Their fears must, indeed, have been somewhat calmed by the course Mr. HOPE has (as reported) pursued, and by the sanction their own cherished patron, the new Archbishop of CANTERBURY, has given to the college. Mr. Holes connexion with the Puseyite section of the church is notorious; and by that body its erection and foundation have been regarded as one of the bright, st mani festations of the spirit they cherish, and the practices they hold forth for example. As, however, its com pletion approached, Mr. HOPE appears to have be come more and more penetrated with the great ness of his own object, and to him been more and more anxious to remove any objection that could militate against its complete success. He accordingly, it is stated, left the principles on which it should be governed to the judgment of the Archbishop of CAN TERBURY, by whom its statutes have been approved, and to whom full power as visitor is given. And, by the part Ifs grace took in the consecration on Thurs day, he is understood to testify that the institution is, in hie opinion, worthy of the church irrespective of parties. It remains, therefore, for the warden and officers to justify the confidence which has thus been reposed in the college. That they are competent by piety, learning, and skill in ecclesiastical training, no one who knows them doubts. But the part some of them have taken in the discussions and practices which have disturbed the church, their connexion with those who were the principal disturbers, their selection from the high—perhaps the highest —panty, will all cause their proceedings, their mode of tuition, and their recommendation of persons for the missionary office to be very closely watched and very jealously scrutinised. In truth, it wiil require the very greatest discretion, the very great est prudence, and much forbearance to establish the Col lege of SL Augustine in the confidence of the church- There is something in its very name that will dispose ' many to regard it with positive dislike ; there is something in its associations that will rouse the jea lousy of more; there is an amount of hostility to Puneyism that will create feelings of suspicion on the part of a larger number than its founder may appre hend. But there is also a fund of common sense and of justice in this country that will enable the College of St. Augustine to disregard all unreasonable appre hensions, all mere sectarian dislikes, all Exeter-hall oratory, if its results are at all commensurate with its design. And on these it must chiefly rely. When we look at the munificence of such persons as Mr. Hore, Miss Buittierr COUTTS, and the QUEEN DOWAGER, in the cauir of church extension; when we see in every district into which we may roam new and handsome churches and schools springing up; when we look over the subscription lists of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, the Church Missionary Society, the National School Society, and the other societies connected with the church; when we reflect that a new ecclesiastical establishment has for all practical purposes been founded in Scotland; and when we know that the various voluntary denomi nations of the three kingdoms, including the Roman catholic church of Ireland, are supported by, if not spontaneous contributions, by contributions over which the law has no control, we may well doubt whether the present age does not render, according to its means, quite as much for the propagation of religion as any past century—perhaps more. The spirit of our contributions is more utilitarian, and for that reason their fruits are less glaring to the eye; but they are more substantial, we will add, far, fur more beneficial. Let no one, then, fear to contrast the liberality of the present ago in the promotion of reli gion with any past age. It may be inadequate to the necessities of the case, but it is unrivalled by past example. These necessities create a perennial de mand, and that demand, joined to the form in which the contributions are given, forbid those accumulations and that increase of revenue which are to be seen in religious and educational charities of older foundation. liut we may search in vain, we apprehend, for larger donations to the church of which they are members than those of Mr. ALEXANDER HOPE and Miss COUTTS. FRANCE. PARIS, MONDAY, 11.30 A.M. The project of law relative to primary instruction laid betore the Assembly by M. Carnot on Friday last, has been published in crime°. According to this plan education to a certain limit is declared com pulsory. If the parent cannot, or will not, educate the child, the state will do it. Gratuitous education to a o rtain limit is offered by the state to all with out distinction. A parent who will neither provide education for his child, nor avail himself of the gra tuitous instruction offered by the state, is guilty of an offence punishable by fine and suspension of civil rights. That portion of instruction celled primary, and which it is declared in this project necessary to impart to all French children as the indispenaible qualification to the future exercise of their rights as citizens, is declared to be as follows :-1. Reading, writing, grammar, arithmetic, the metrical system, measuies of magnitude, elementary notions of physics, agriculture and industry, drawing,' singing, and French history and geography.- 2. The duties and rights of a man and a citizen, the development of the sentiments of liberty, equality, and fraternity.-3. Elementary precepts of heelth and exercises useful to physical development.—Religious instruction by the ministers of the different worships. Such is the extent of education which th,s project de clares it to be the duty of the state to impart or cause to be imparted to every child of either sex under the republic. The machinery by which this immense design is to be ralized is declared to con sist of public school., private schools, and family instruction, all of which are to be directly or indirectiy controlled by the state. The public schools are to be conducted at the expense of the state, and administered ander the direction of the Mi nister of Public Instruction. The masters and mistresses of private schools must be licensed by the state, and their qualifications must be tested by means appointed by the Minister of Public Instruction. All children of every class from the highest to the lowest are subject to the sur veillance of the Minister of Public Instruction, whose duty it is to see that none are uneducated. The following is the fourth section of this project, in which the means of compulsion are enumerated: Every father, whose child aged full 10 years, is notoriously known not to frequent any school, or re ceive primary instruction, is obliged, on notice from the mayor, to present him to the commission of ex amination as to instruction. If the child be not pre sented, or if it appear that he does not frequent any school, or receives no instruction, the father may be cited at the request of the commission before the Jugs de Pair, and reprimanded. The judgment shall be publicly posted up at the Mairie for a month. If the Commission report on the following year that he has not attended to the reprimand, the father shall be cited before the civil tribunal of the arrondissement, and condemned to a fine of from 20 to 300 francs and suspension of his electoral i ights during a period not exceeding 5 years. The punishment shall cease when the Commission shall report that the child has received primary instruction. Gen. Cavaignac, who now discharges the functions lately fulfilled by the executive commission, having announced to the assembly that the sum of 100,000 francs per month demanded by the ex-commission for the expense of its bureaux ie unnecessary, that payment has been discontinued, and the decree grant ing it repealed. The committee on the secret service funds has pro posed that in future the Minister of the Interior shall submit to a special committee the details of their application. It appears that the statement that M. Huber, ex- President of the Revolutionary Club, who, on the 13th of May, pronounced the dissolution of the Assembly, had been recognised by the agents of police among the wounded at the Hospital of St. Antoine, and arrested, is not true. M. Haber, when - .• set at liberty, through an error committed a the Mairie of the 4th arrondissement, on the evening of the 15th May, has been in vain sought by the police, and it appears pretty certain that he has gone to some foreign country. The result of the election which has just taken place in Corsica for a representative in the Assembly, has been the almost unanimous return of Prince Louis Napoleon, who obtained 33,903 votes, the entire num ber being only 38,197. ' The tollowin4 appears in the Moniteur this morn ing : " The insinuations made at the tribune of the Assembly against a neighbouring power by one of the members of the late government having justly made an impression on the British ambassador, his excellency has protested energetically, by a note ad dressed to the Minister of Foreign Atfairs on the 27th, against all possible applicati m of these allusions to the English people or government, whose honour and character of themselves would prevent them from such attempts. The Minister of Foreign Affairs, ap preciating the noble susceptibility of Lord Not inanby, has sent the following reply : " The Minister of Foreign Affairs to his Excellency the British Ambassador ,—My Lord,—My opinion, and that of my govtrnment, is that the government of h.r Majesty the Queen is ton loyal to have taken any part in the incitemert to the deplorable events of Paris. I see no objection to your giving publici , y to this declaration, Al well as to your note. I shall inch td see theta with so much the more pleasure, as they will be a new proof of the reciprocal sentiments of frienlabip which animate the two governments.—(Signed) 1:71.E8 BAST Ills. Count de Fouchicourt and his son, a young man twenty-four years of age, both residing at Ne. 7, Rue Saint-Anastase, near the Rue Saint-Louis, distinguished them-elves for their resistance in the barricades, of which they were the chiefs, in their quarters. The count planted a white flag on the barricades at which he fought. He I was recognised by M. Isambert, lieutenant in the 6th Legion, and that gentleman, assisted by sonic com rades and mobiles, arrested him at his own house on Sunday evening. "It is true," said Jl. de Foachi court, " that I fought at the barricade, and I did BO in the name of order, for, in my opinion, order cannot be re-established in France without the restoration of legitimate royalty." We have received the Madrid mails of the 28th, on which day Pezuela, Captain-General of Madrid, gave notice in the Gazette, that the state of siege imposed May 7th was taken off the e ipital. By a decree from the Ministry of War, inserted in the same official paper, a new regiment of Lavalry, entitled de Farnesio, was created. Seventeen Car:let:officers were gazetted as restored to their rank in the army cat 1)on Carlos. MAUGID, Jlllll 28. —Three per Cents., 22; cash ; after Bobo, 221 paper, 22j cash. nye per Cents., 131 paper ; after Holm, 13 cash. Parsires, 41 paper; utter Boise, 41 cash. Coupons, 8 cash. Rank of at. Ferdinand, .6 cash, 80 paper. Exchange on London, at 90 days 41 20 cast. ITALY, —The Venice Gazette of the 24th has the following in a postscript :—" On the 22nd, at half past one, the enemy appeared along the river Osel lino, at the distance of a mile from Marghera, and occupied two houses outside of Mestre, near the canal. They were dislodged by a few cannon shots ; and a shot from a howitzer killed eight Croatians and two children. At four the enemy appeared on the dyke leading to Campalto, but was repulsed by Capt. Maino after a short fire. The Venetian forces made two sallies on the 23rd, one from Fort 0, the other from Fort Rizzardi, and succeeded both times in destroying the works of the enemy. On the same day an Austrian battery of six pieces, at Fussina, maintained an obstinate fire against the Venetian cannon-boats Pelosa, Calipso, Medusa, and the Pirogue Vivace: after two hours cannonade the bat tery was silenced." The Ricoryimenta of the 28th states from Trieste that the Greeks residing there have offered to send fire-ships against the Italian fleet. The governor has refused. The Italian ships are cruising at ten miles distance off Trieste; they are 14 in number. 1,600 Sicilians with 12 pieces of cannon, under the orders of Ribotti, have landed at Pacula, and effected their junction with 2,400 Calabrians. They intend dislodging the royal troops from Palma. 'the Italia del Popolo of the 28th June publishes advices from Ostiglio of the 27th, which say : " All the line of the Po, the road from Mantua to Gover rioM, on the Mincio, and Ostiglia, are in the power of the Germans. Massa and Rovigo may now be occu pied by thtm." GERMANY.—RAILWAY COMMUNICATION BE TWEEN BERLIN AND COLOONL—On the 23rd the uninter rupted communication by rail between Berlin and Cologne took place by the opening of the bridge over the Elbe at Magdeburg. Thus the treaty concluded by the directors of the lines between Berlin, Leipsic, Hamburg, Bremen, and Cologne, comes into operation, which will greatly facilitate the interchange of commerce hetween the main mercantile towns. All the goods coming from these stations, as well as frem Dusseldorf, Dusburg, Minden, Hanover, Brunswick, and Magdeburg, for export, will then be transmitted, within the space of three or four days, to the most distant points of the line, without any reloading or extra freightage on the iiitermeditte stations. By this con. tract the Hanoverian transit duty is greatly reduced. Iris expected that these will be an increase in the transmission of goods at the rate of 600,000 cwts. in the course of the year. HAMBURG, JUNE 30.—The Danish negotiations, it is stated in private &deices, were actively carried en at Malmo. They had been taken out of the hands of the Chevalier Bunsen, Prussian Envoy is England, which was regarded as favourable for peace. The Danes, it was under. stood, had retired from Apenrade into Jutland, and the Prussians, on the contrary, were advancing, In Jutland the Danes would be entitled to the assistance of the Swede,. The Laueuburg soldiers had refused to fight against the Danes, and returned home. It was feared, according to one private letter, that a battle betwixt the Danes and the Prussians would be fought, even after peace should be concluded. tan Court. - Her Majesty and Prince Albert honoured the per formance at the Haymarket Theatre yesterday evening with their presence. The royal suite consisted of the Viecountess Jocelyn, Hon. Miss Kerr, Earl of Listowel, Major-General Nemyss, and Lieut.-Colonel Seymour. The Duchess of Kent was also present. Mr. Cardwell, M.P., Mr. Moore, and a deputation from Liverpool, had an interview with Lard John Russell yesterday, io Downingotreet. Mr. Marsh and Mr. Biunt had an interview with Earl Grey yesterday, at the Colonial-office. The Earl of Falmouth had an interview with Earl Granville yesterday, at the office of the Board of Trade. PAYMENT OF SPECIAL CONSTABLES.—Yesterday a special sessions for the Tower Hamlets was held at the Court House, which was appointed, among ether subjects, to re ceive the account from the several parishes of the division in reference to the employment of special constables on Whit. mouday last. Mr. J. Pearson attended on the part of the leader of the body of constables at Hackney with a bill of 122., a former claim for that parish, amounting to 981. es. 2d. having been allowed on occasion of the expenses attending the employment of constables on the 6th of April. A con versation ensued as to the payment of constables for loss of time, when the Chairman remarked that it was just to grant an allowance to persons employed as constables for loss of time. He taw by the act of parliament that magistrates were empowered to allow expenses " for loss of time, ser f, vices, and other expenses." Mr. Blacri remarked that 3s. 641. a day was allowed by the judges at the Old Bailey ; and he thought that amount was a fair sum to allow. The claim was Olen allowed and the court broke rep. Titt Now HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT.—Yesterday the last portion of the old Mouse of Commons called the Speaker's house, the adjoining committee rooms, and those forming the centre of the cloisters were being removed. The entracte-hall to the new House of Commons and the western w i n dow to Westminster. hall have attained their elevation, and are rapidly approaching completion. The new House of Commons it is now stated, will positively he ready for members next session. Orders have been lamed for the re moval forthwith of all the temporary erections at the east entrance to Westminster-hall. OXFORD COMMEMORATION.—Yesterday the proces sion of racing boats took place. As the various crews passed the boat at the head of the river (Christ Church), they saluted it by tearing their oars and cheering, which was re sponded to by the spectators on each aide of the river. There was an immense number of persons present, but the unpro pitious state of the weather was a great drawback. This day the Bishop of Hereford (Dr. Hampden) preaches the annual sermon in behalf of the infirmary. In the afternoon the oratorio of " The Creation" will be performed in the theatre. A ball at St. John's College will take place in the evening. It was agreed by the hebdomadal board to propose that the honorary degree of D.C.L. be conferred on the fol lowing individuals Earl of Harrowby, Baron Hugel, Sir G. Arthur, Bart., W. E. Gladstone, M.P. , Sir C. G. Morgan, Bart., J. Masterman Eq., M.P., A. J. B. Hope, Esq., M.P., H. Hallam, Big., the historian, W. Cotton, Esq., A. H. Layard, Esq. SUICIDE IN THE HOUSE OF DETENTION.—At HOIF MTeet on Saturday, as will be seen in our police report yes. tetday, two swell mobemen, of the names of Collett, alias Musty, and Ginger, alias Stone, were remanded charged with a robbery at Mesas. Cocks and Biddulph's. The two prisoners were sent to the House of Detention, as the New Prison, Clerkenwell, is named. As is the custom, upon their arrival they were both searched, but nothing being found of a suspicious nature they were, as is customary, locked up in their respective 0e1'.2. On Sunday morning, on the turnkey of the ward going his rounds to open the sleep- / .1 . ing cells, be discovered Collett flanging, apparently quite dead, with his coat off and his shirt sleeves turned up, and the left urn covered with clotted blood. The deceased wu immediately cut down, and the medical attendant on the prisoners was instantly is attendance, who pronounced that the deceased had been dead for some hours.-1;pon examining the arm, three wounds were found ev:dently done with an intention of bleeding to death, for the deceased had fastened his handkerchief for a ligature round the arm, bat having fined it below instead of above the elbow, no blood wink' . flow ; and this no doubt led to the infliction of the two other wounds. The lose of blood being very little, the deceased then hung hims If. Upan searchieg the cell to ascertain by what instrument the wounds had been inflicted, a small penknife, which had elegised detection, was found; while, as e. proof of the determination that actuieed the de ceased, he bed, by rubbing the blade on the at. ee, reduced the termination of the blade to a fine and sharp point so as to act in the room of a Isncet. At three o'clock ad inquest was held before Mr. tt akley, when the jury returned u verdict in accordance with the evidence. INQUEST, YESTERDAY.—SUPPOSED DEATH PROM RATING PUTRID Foou.—Belore Mr. Wakley, M.P., at the ' White Swan, George-street, Foley-place, on the body of Charlotte Stuck, aged 67, of No. 31, in the above street. B, the evidence of the witnesses it appeared that on Thurs day week Mrs. Wright, a lodger in the same house, licught some giblets at a neighbouring poulterer'', and the same :ray stewed the in with a little salt. Having eaten a small por tion she put them by in a cupboard, and on the Saturday following gave them to the deceased and her family of sena persons. The latter ate them that evening cold, and were almost immediately afterwards taken ill with violent purging arid vomiting. The deceased was put to bed and mended by Mr. Webb, a surgeon, but gradually grew worse and died on Friday last. Mrs. Wright, who bought the giblets, was also taken ill, but she and aU the others have now nearly recovered. A eat to which some of the food was thrown was attacked in a similar way. Only one of the family, a female, in her evidence before the jury said the giblets were rather " high."—M r. Webb, surgeon, said he was called to attend the deceased, ant at first thought she was suffering from simple dysentery, but ascertaining subsequently that eight other persons were labourieg under the same symptoms, he thought the effects were produced by something the) had eaten. The deceased died on Fnd ty, and from a post mortion ex Imitiation he had made, he ascertained the cause en death to be intlammatien of the bowels The only cause he could assign for the inflammation was that the giblets were in a putrid state.—The coroner said that although there was no clear evidence or the fact, the giblets must have been in a bad state to hove caused the illness of 24 merry persons. It would, however, be rash to determine upon presumreive evidence that such was the cause of death. — The jury returned a verdict " that the deceased died from inflammation of the bowels, but that there was not sufficient evidence to show how it was produced." IRELAND. DUBLIN, Jrl.lr 2. THE CATHOLIC BISHOPS AND TIIE AGITATION.— A considerable number of the catholic bishops were assembled at Maynooth during the week just closed, as is usual at this Beason, as the prelates are natu rally desirous to witness the examinations in which their subjects take part. The condition of the country of course forced itself upon their attention, and they have taken that part which should be expected from their position avid character in these times. They have adopted a resolution binding themselves in their several dioceses to prohibit their clergy from using,or suffering their chapels to be used, ter the discussion of political affairs—prohibiting them from speaking upon political topics from the altar—from beeomiug members of political clubs, and from acting as chair man or secretary of any political meeting. The Bishops of Ireland promulgated a similar resolution in 1834, but in the renewed agitation for repeal in 1843, it was forgotten. The prohibition at the pre sent moment is calculated to exercise a restraint no less strong than powerful on the political organisation now in progress, especially that of the clubs. The great event of yesterday is one de serving a more than passing remark. The commu nication between the capital and one of the chief cities of In by railway is an historic event, and of more social value than any other event since the union. To traverse a distance of 160 miles in five hours, which in less locomotive times occupied lull two days, is something gained to the comfort as well as the progress ot Ireland. The journey from Dublin to Limerick and back may henceforward be accomplished with ease iu twelve hours. The reception of the Earl of Clarendon was not noisy, but there was an absence of everything like disrespect on the part of the peasantry. Some remarked that his lordship feared the "Tipperary Boys." To prove his confide nee he went in a hack car to Lord Hawarden's mansion, a long distance from the main road, accompanied by a single aide-de-camp and his private secretary, and passed through the ranks of the people in the same unpre tending fashion on his return. This confidence was not unrewarded, for he was received with several hearty cheers. One remarkable feature presented itself in the progress of the journey the wonderful fertility of the land and the miserable appearance of the tenants' houses, which spoke ill for the generosity or know ledge of their own interests on the part of the land lords. Another feature was the absence of green cropping ; wheat and potatoes were the chief tillage. Pasture abounded in all directions. I may here men tion a cursory conversation with a farmer at the junc tion with the Waterford and Limerick, which is the property of Lord Stanley. " Who is your landlord ?" " Lord Stanley." Is he a good mar, ?" " The best in Ireland." " Why do you say so ?"—" Because when we were in want, he gave us manure and seed for our land, and food for our children. He kept the roof over our heads, and the life in our bodies, and there is not one of us who would not die for him." This is a fact for which I can vouch. I now comprehend why it is that Lord Stanley, in the thick of the agrarian fire some years ago,_ was accustomed to go out with out attendants, staff in hand, enter the cottages of the farmer, and converse in the fields with the labourer, and never sustained the semblance of an insult or an injury. This much is due to the singular popularity of the noble lord with his tenantry and the surround ing peasantry. SCOTLAND. J Ll' 1. The new bill brought in by the Lord Advocate and Solicitor-General for simplifying procedure in the Court of Justiciary in Scotland has been sent down here. Most of the provisions are of a techr ical cha racter. One of them will greatly expedite criminal business in Glasgow. The eighth section is to the effect, that, owing to the increase of the population in the counties of Lsua - k and Renfrew, and the conse quent increase in the number of trials before the Cir cuit Court of Justiciary held at Glasgow, it is expe dient to make provision for the greater despatch of business, and it therefore enacts that it shall be law ful for the two judges attending that court to tit and perform their duties separately. PROVINCIAL. TEMPERANZE Iciiisiia:=irse Rev. W. Wight, M.A., late curate of St. John s, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, has given several lectures on the subject of a plan for the forma tion of n " model parish," in which the use of intoxicating drinks shill be discontinued. The object of the promoters was at first to purchase some new district, in the vicinity el a railway, where a church and schools • ould be required, and thus lay the foundation of their model parish. Sines then, however, it had been thought that the object might be attained by purchasing the advowson of a village, the trustees, on the first vacancy, nominating as the minister • clergyman who would totally ab stain, and teachers and all their officers I eiog ap pointid on the same principle, by which means the whole of the rising generation might be brought up in the print lies of total ab,tinence. It was intended in the made] parish to establish a college where a liberal education might be given, fitting the youths for commerce and the different professions —the college to be thrown open to all without distinction of sect or party. Above one thousand persons in dif , tempt parts of the county have become collectors for the establishment of the model pariah, upwards of 600 of whom are disconnected with the church. Li:muds of 3,0001. has* been already subscribed towards the object. Several meet ings have been held in furtherance of the proposed plan, and among the towns agitated for the purpose are Leicester and Reading. In the course of a meeting held at the last-named place, the Reverend W. Wight read a letter dated from Honolulu, with a sub scription in aid of the plan from a foreign king. He also read extracts from a communication received from Bishop Chase, of Illinois, is America, who is attempting to carry out a similar project in that country. Subscriptions nearly sufficient to clear the expenses of the works have been re ceived, and the design will, it is said, be speedily carried into effect. OXFORDSHIRE. RIOT AND ROBBERY BY RAILWAY LABOURERS.— Iset week as Mr. H. Whiteman, sub contractor on the Oxford and Rugby Railway, was paing hi s men in a house belonging to the company, near Banbury, and when he had paid about half of them, he was suddenly and violently assaulted by a number or navvies, whose intention was to have swept off the whole of the cash then lying on the table, amounting to nearly 1201. Mr. W. was knocked down and kicked in the most brutal manner by four sf the ringleaders, who, with drawn knives, attempted to stab him, but from some unexplained circumstance, after losing about 191., be managed to get away to his own house, adjoining. Here they followed him, and but for an Irish man, who was living in a portion of the house, he would have been sacrificed. The Irishman seized a loaded gun, Iwhi:l he presented; this had some effect on the ringleaders, and gave Mr. Whiteman an opportunity of again escapisi :1