The Express. — London, England, 1846-10-23 00:00:00

I I II I I I II -1 11 4 I I 1 1 t I ‘, . 1 1 ! I 1 i ♦. NEW WORK by G. A. ii BECKETT & JOHN LEECH Now published, price One Shilling, No. IV. of THE COMIC HISTORY of ENGLAND. BY GILBERT ABBOTT ►BECKETT. WITil ♦ COLOCIED FACHINO or STEIL AND XVllllota 'Lawns sloes IT JOILN LEECH. In announcing a Coolie History of F.nattand it may be Woman' to observe that the levity implied in the title will relate to the manner, but by 11.1 means to the matter of the wort, which will be ce/leeted with the gravest regard to the truth and accuracy that the subject requires. The aim of the writer will be to present a faithful narative, for which the beet authorities will be the mcat carefullyeansulted, and to serve it up to the reader in a more palatable form than ham hitherto been thought compatible with the dignity of history. There is not the smallest intention to sacrifice fidelity to fun in the forthcoming production, which is designed to show that the utile et dul--are not inamcsrable. The a vantages of blending emiusement with instruc tion are universally allowed ; and there is an end to the once favourite fallacy that food for the mind roquiree the uninviting flavour of physic. The COMIC I IlrirOlt Y of ENGLAND will not be a mere abridgment of any other work, nor will it follow servilely in the stela of any former hi avian. The author does not aspire to walk In the gigintic cheep of Hume, the easy clippers of Smollett, the goloshes of Goldsmith, or the pump. of Pinnoek. In literature the shoes of another are too apt to pre - • rloge to the party attempting to make his way ui a chauasure for which be was never fitted. The Comic History of England will, therefore, be an entirely original corn:lc/kitten, the materials for which well he derived from a consultation of all heat histories already in existence, whose accuracy will be tested by direct reference to the most undoubted authorities. The chief purpose of this preliminary announcement le to guard the public against any misconception of the intended character of the work on account of its title. A narrative may, it is hoped, be correct as well as comic; for, as "truth is stranger th in fiction," history is sometimes much more ludicrous than the fancies of the humorist. The purpose of the work being esti:alma. it remains only to announce the form of publita!ioo. It will appear in Monthly Parts, price One Shilling each. handsomely printed in gym, and copiously illustrated by Jolts Leven, with One large Et,hing and from Six to Twelve Wood Engravings. The COMIC lILSIORY of ENGLANDII comprise from Twelve to Twenty Parts, and will appear regularlywith the menthly maga zines until its completion. Published at the Punch Otßee, Ed, Meet-street WORKS by DOUGLAS JERROLD. In foolvap Beo, prece 4e. THE CHRONICLES of CLO VERNOOK ; with some Aecount of the Hermit of Bellytnile. in foolscap To, price Ss., PUNCH'S LETTERS to his SON. Corrected and Edited troy:, the in the Alsatian Library. With Twenty-four Illus- Waifo; by icr...av In foolscap Bvo, price Ss., THE STORY of a FEATHER. rated Illu by LEECH. Lam foolscap ilvo, prior PUNCH'S COMPLETE L ETTER-WRITER. With Fifty Illustrations by KrafrrY MIGDOWP. Price Ilalf-a-Crown, cloth. Silt edge,'t MRS. CAUDLE'S CURTAIN LECTURES, as suffered by the late Job Caudle. A new Edition. Illustrated by Lawn. Price One Shilling. TIME WORKS WONDERS. A Comedy in Fie • Acts, as performed at the Theatre Royal, Haymarket. The s'll Edition. Price One Shilling. BUBBLES of the DAY. A Comedy in Five Acts, as per formed at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden. London : Published at the " Punch" Office, 85. Fleet4treet. - ght Croroo. MAILS. The overland closed maila,;;.lturarilles, to the Mediterranean, Egypt, Adrn. Ceylon, India, Hong-Kong, &c., will be made up on the evening of the 24th October. The mails for Comma, Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Cadiz, and Gibraltar, will be made up on the morning of the 27th October. The mails for New South Wake, Van Dieman's Lend, will be made up on the 3lat October. The West India mails, including thaw for Mexico, Honduras, and Havana, will be made up on the momingot the 2nd November. Tba overland mulls for Gibraltar, Malta, Greene, the lonian Islands, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon. India, llong-Kong, and China, Ina Southampton, la made op on the morning of the 3rd November. TO CORRESPONDENTS. We cannot notice, in any way, any communication that is rent to us anonymously ; but thaw who choose to address us in oonfidenee will find their confidence respected. NEITHERCAN WE UNDERTAKE TO RETURN ANY MANUSCRIPTS WHATEVER. a s s Advertisements intended for The Erpress, London evening paper, must be at the °Mee by Two o'clock on the day of publitatiun. 111011 WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE. THIN DAT. —Morning, 21 111i7. pant 3; Afternoon, 38 min. past 3. TOOdeallOW.—Morning, 36 Min. past 3; Afternoon, 14 min. put 4. LONDON, FRIDAY, OCT. 23. IT is to be hoped that the reports which have just arrived from La Plata are true, and that Mr. HOOD has succeeded in putting an end to that little and futile war which our vessels have been carrying on at the mouth of the Parana. Every successive bulletin of this petty war has been more and more disgraceful ; from the sack of Colonia by mercenaries whom we enrolled, to our own inglorious combat against the batteries of ROSAS, before which the British flag should never have been unfurled, unlesato silence and carry the defences of so inferior a foe. They are certainly wonderful towns, these on La Plata; and marvellous countries around them. They seem to reverse all the rules and laws that prevail in other quarters of the globe. In Europe, we have had ample proofs how completely mari time cities and territories are at the mercy of great naval powers. Yet here is a maritime city, Buenos Ayres, which has successively defied the power of England, the power of Brazil, the power of France, nay, continues to defy the power of all united. Nor is this done by superior skill; as ARCHIMEDES enabled the Syracusans to repel their enemies, by making defence a scientific art. On the contrary, the pecu liarity of this South American resistance is, that it is the resistance of barbarism to civilisation. It is the overcoming of all that is advanced by all that is retrograde. These united provinces have well nigh re lapsed into savage life, and appear to have retained of civilisation only its powerful engines of destruction. This is precisely what the savage has done. He has borrowed the use of the brandy bottle and the gun from the European invader, but seldom anything more useful. So it is with the mixed race, European or indigenous, which people the southern portion of America. _ No statesmen ever conceived a more philan thropic or perfect plan than those able men who founded the republic of Ls Plata ; and nothing could be more removed from possibility. It was that of a government of enlightenei citizens, or of deputies from the interior enlightened by civic ideas, who were to enable the capital to extend the benefi cent influence of its administration over the vast and uncultured regions of the republic. But Buenos Ayres proved too tiny and too cold a star to be the centre of so vast a system. Its pastoral and savage population were too numerous and predominant for its civic and its educated portion ; especially as the military men, who had naturally taken the lead in the war of liberation, were too corrupt, too ambitious, and too blind, to head the enlightened against the ignorant. The more able chiefs, such as ROSAS, preferred making followers of the wild pastoral hordes ; and rushed with these to the destruction of towns and the annihilation of the civic class, under the shallow pretext that they were Federalists, throwing off the yoke of " savage Unitarians." ROSAS is the concentration of this bar barous, rustic, pastoral spirit. The provinces are at kis beck ; the towns beneath his thrall ; and, could we suppose such a system permanent, fears might be en tertained for the remains of the Spanish race and Spanish civilisation, low as it was in the regions be tween the Andes and Brazil. Enmity and war on the part of Europe have, how ever, the sole effect of giving strength to Rows, and to his rule. Our efforts and those of France have made no impression whatever upon him. They have merely ministered to his strength ; and this has made him a hero with the savage population. If, instead of these continued efforts at coercion and intimidation, the powers of Europe had continued amicable and commer cial relations with Buenos Ayres, they would have done more to accredit and restore ideas of amenity and civilisation, than all their blockades, and me nacing ultimatums, have done. We made the same mistake with Brazil. We laboured to force and in timidate her into the ways of civilisation ; and by treaties wrested from her Portuguese nobles, we ob tained pleas for coercing her into the emancipation of slaves, and the allowance of free trade. Both these are noble aims; but we took the wrong means for obtaining them in Brazil; and we are wisely retracing our steps. We must also retrace our steps in La Plata ; by leaving the Peninsular races to conduct matters more after their own fashion, and without European inter ference. It is certainly vexations to see a war like that of Troy—of petty, harmless skirmishes between besiegers and besieged—endure from year after year before Monte Video, stopping the trade and inter cepting the property of European merchants. But we have not mended matters by our interference, nor are we:likely to mend them. Monte Video, under purely civic and commercial rule, is just as unfit to command the country of the Uruguay behind it, as Buenos Ayres, under its old civic and enlightened statesmen, was able to command the allegiance of the Pampas. The fact of the majority of Montevidean citizens being foreign ers, made up of French and English and Basques, renders it still more difficult for it to command the guachns. And as long as ROSA 3 and ORIBE repre sent this wild, rustic party ; whilst their opponents are merely soldiers of fortune, who come with the gold of France, or Brasil, or England, to raise a mer cenary army ; so long will ORIBE or ROBAS remain as invincible to the east of the two rivers, as they are to the west. Diplomatists in the Plata are fighting about names, and are leaving aside all consideration or mention of things. . . After the treaties which have taken place between England and Brazil, and between England and France, it is impossible not to insist on the indepen dence of the Uruguay. But if we make it a point that its governor or resident must necessarily be the enemy of Roans and the antagonist of his party, we simply perpetuate a hopeless war ; and a war, the continuance of which mars all the hopes that might be entertained for the regeneration of the country, and the introduction into it of a better spirit. WF. may speak at last. The Duke is extricated from his timber cage ; and the critic can catch a con tinuous view of his gigantic proportions. Our previous attacks upon Mr. WYATT'S work had reference to its proportions as compared with the arch on which it stands. These remain altogether unaf fected by the fait accompli. There was no experi ment wanted to settle this part of the question. A figure of thirty feet on an arch of sixty-five, must infallibly degrade the arch into a pedestal, and a pedestal as large again as is required to exhibit the work to the best advantage. So stood the subject, a priori, to all educated percep tions. • A colossus ; an arch too small by half, or a pedestal too large by half. If the horse and his rider had been the work of PHIDIAS or LYSIPPUS, their merits could not shake this damning fact. We have no especial partiality for the unlucky arch ; it has never, we believe, excited much admiration, or enlisted much sympathy. It spans a road that leads nowhere. It has the air of a bit of building which has got drunk on its way to Buckingham Palace, and lost its road. There it sticks, refusing to move on, jammed into a convenient angle, and defy ing the police. Besides, it reminds us unpleasantly of I I GEORGE THE FOURTH. No one knows what triumphs it was meant to commemorate. It has been from the first a sort of vacant, do-nothing, no-thoroughfare, don't-know-what-Fm-stuck-here-for, sort of an erec tion. We should not have been very much sur prised, passing by Hyde-park-corner some fine morning, to have found its site vacant; and to hear that an under-ranger had met it early stumping through the park towards Pall-mall, to look for a situation where it might make itself generally useful. We wonder very much it did not leave town alto- gether last month, from a filial regard for its designer, Mr. BURTON ; and we cannot conceive how, having submitted to its crowning abomination, it still ventures to hold its head up. But whatever faults the poor arch may have, it never did anything we know of, to deserve its present degradation into a pedestal for Mr. WYATT'S man-mountain of bronze. We have said that the ques'ion of proportion be tween figure and arch should be kept altogether distinct from criticism of the statue itself. But if, arguing from all existing theories of art in such applications, we objected to the erection of any figure of the size proposed in such a position, much more earnest should we have been in our remonstrances, infinitely more agonised in our deprecation, had we foreseen w hat Mr. WYArr's work would turn out. For the horse more may be said than for the rider. If the body be tame and lifeless, there is a great deal of superfluous vitality in the head. Having thrown such a preternatural liveliness into the cock of the ears, communicated such a melodramatic roll to the eye, and such a galvanic distention to the nostril, it would have been highly cruel to the memory of Copenhagen to have expended a par ticle of the Promethean fire on legs and body. So cool a hand as Field Marshal the Duke of WELLINGTON would hardly have chosen for a field-day, much less for a general action, a charger with so much of what horse-dealers call " playfulness," and cockneys " wice," about the look of him. The Constitution arch Copenhagen has not even been broken to stand tire. He says to the sound of the trumpets not " Ha!" but " Oh dear !" and will certainly shy over into the park, at the first roll of the drum for the advance which the Duke is ordering. We have the authority of several omnibus-drivers of distinction for saying that the horse is in a state of serious nervous excite ment. One of these very " competent persons" was in raptures with the head ; which he declared re sembled exactly in its expression that of the mare he was driving "when she sees a rat in the manger." Besides, it is not only all the life of the horse that has got into his head, but that of his rider also. The block face of the Duke, under the penthouse of the cocked hat which robs the head of whatever dignity it might derive from the straight, narrow, firm brow, is quite lifeless enough for the block body on which it rests. We cannot express its utter want of expression, animation, or fleshiness, more completely. As for the trunk, the short cloak has all the disadvantages of drapery in concealing the figure, and not one of its advantages in lending grace and dignity to the form and line of the composition. We cannot conceive a hero in a Mackintosh cape, any more than we could a martyr in a Welsh wig. As the figure-head of an East Indiaman, the upper part of the Duke might pass muster ; though there are works at least equal to it in the docks. And now a word as to the public judgment and the three weeks'terra of trial. They have passed—reckon ing from the erection of the figure : perhaps, however, we ought in fairness to allow three weeks' clear and unobstructed view to "the competent persons," dating from the uncaging of the statue. Meanwhile, we are very anxious to know who these "competent persons" are, or are to be. The committee have put themselves out of the field. Artists are unanimous in condemna tion. Connoisseurs confirm the artistic judgment. The Press, as one great exponent of public opinion, with one or two exceptions (in which respect fur the illustrious duke may be supposed to have some effect in blinding the writers' eyes to any blemish in his effigy), is decided in its disapprobation. To set against this we have certainly the omnibuses. A sagacious City merchant remarked, early last session ; " PEEL is safe. The house may be against him, but the omnibuses go with him to a man." In that case, however, it was the passengers who formed the tribunal. Here, it is the drivers. There, the judgment was passed on a political, here it is ap pealed to on an artistic matter. However, we are bound in fairness to give the committee the benefit of the fact. The omnibus drivers are almost unanimous in favour of the statue. Were these " the competent persons" to whose verdict the committee expressed their willingness to bow? This respectable body have considerable practice in a sort of extempore criticism. Driver and conductor keep up occasional arguments on matters of art, with much liveliness of expression, and a fluent though familiar style of illustration. The large pictorial posters on the dead walls and advertising vans, have, it cannot be denied, de veloped the minds of these men in the direction of art. The woodcuts of the Poses Plastiques have no doubt familiarised them with the naked model ; and they are certainly under the constant ennobling influence of our great monuments, such as the National Gallery, tLe Nelson column, the Northumberland- I house Lion, the Coekspur-street George the Third, THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 23, 1846. and until lately (that large portion of them, at ' least, plying along the New-road), of the King's cross George the Fourth. With all these advan tages, they may fairly claim much weight for their opinions. The contest to be decided, therefore, lies between the omnibus drivers, and the painters, sculp tors, architects, collectors, connoisseurs, p ro fessi o nal critics, members of parliament, and journalists of the day. All we want is a bureau for the registra tion of opinions. We would suggest Sir FREDERICK TRENCH as a fit person to superintend it. He might learn some useful lessons. TIIE testimony of the paupers in the workhouse of the Itisbridge Union to the misconduct of SLATER, the acting nurse, may be true or false; but enough was proved on the inquest to show that there has been gross abuse and neglect of duty in the manage ment of the workhouse. Blame attaches somewhere. An ugly consciousness to this effect is evinced by the mean evasion of responsiLility witnessed in so muny officials. SLATER, the Geeing nurse, it seems, was never regularly appointed, and cannot be pro ceeded against under the new Poor Act. ARNUP, the late master of the workhouse, and his wife, have resigned; not at all on accou'it of this or any other inquiry, but because they have come to an inheritance and are above their old business; therefore, say the Poz , r Law Commissioners, we cannot inquire into their conduct. As to the Board of Guardians, they will not prosecute SLATER either, because, as Mr. SMOOTHY at first asserted, they have neither chair man nor vice-chairman; or, as he afterwards qualified his statement, these dignitaries will not act. There is nobody to lay hold, and nobody to be laid hold of, in the Risbridge Union ; and such a state of affairs, any schoolmaster in the kingdom can tell, affords strong presumption of complicity in misbehaviour. No wonder all parties are ashamed of the concern and wish to wash their hands of it. When Sir JOHN AVALSHAM adjourned his inquiry to the workhouse, in order to take the evidence of the paupers who were too old and feeble to be removed, great part of the inmates appeared to be in their dotage or verging towards that stage of e, istenee. Three at least were, from mental imbecility, incapable of giving intelligible evidence. The lately deceased pauper, WEBB, out of the revelations at whose inquest the investigation has Aileen, appears, from the evidence of the medical officer, to have been in the same condition. Other late inmates were described as equally infirm in mind and body. Some of the still surviving paupers have been eight or nine years in the workhouse. What provision was made by the Board of Guardians for taking care of this mass of dotage and debility ? There were no regular proper nurses appointed, either to the men's or women's wards. One of the gum dians has stated that, to his knowledge, the appointment of a paid nurse was never even brought before the board as a question for dis cussion. Two female paupers, to one of whom "he thought something extra was given," acted as nurses in the female ward ; and SLATER acted as nurse in the male ward. The responsibility of appointing SLATER is denied by and for everybody. He was known to act in the capacity of nurse before the present master". came into office ; before the late master came into office ; —but there is no entry of his instalment in the books; nobody knows how he came to officiate as nurse ; though everybody knew that he did so offi ciate. SLATER'S qualifications must have been at least negative. 'When asked by the Assistant Commis sioner whether the man, from his previous station in life, had any acquirements peculiarly fitting him to act as nurse, Mr. E ksvcorr, the medical officer, promptly replied, "Not in the least." Yet none of the Guardians or officers knew anything wrong about SLATER. The medical officer never saw him do any thing harsh ; the chaplain never heard him use im proper language ; rather than prosecute him, the clerical Chairman of the Board of Guardians has either resigned or refused to act. Yet though Guardians and their officers never heard any imputations against St trEn, it does not appear to have been from want of suspicious circumstances. _ . We pass over the accusations of the inmates of the workhouse: let it be assumed for the present that they are parties, and have conspired against SLATER. But there is an incidental statement made by one of them, and not contradicted by any Guardian, that cannot be thus passed over. THOMAS BRETT stated that " SLATER went out of the Union for some time ; he (witness) believed for bad behaviour." After this SLATER certainly ought not to have been allowed to officiate as nurse. And others could see circum stances which the Board of Guardians could not. At the inquest on WEBB, JOHN FOREST CURTER de posed that his house overlooked the Riabridge Union house ; that for three months he had heard SL tTER use much bad language; that he had heard SLATER immediately after reading prayers swear grossly and disgustingly at some one ; that he had seen SLATER strike the deceased on the face. At the investigation by Sir JOHN WALSRAM, JOSEPH los deposed, that last June, while working in a stack-yard, he had seen some one in the infirmary strike another twice or thrice very hard. THOMAS BOREHAM, who was working along with los, corroborated his evidence. When incidents like these were noised abroad, the Guardians and their upper officers must have closed their ears very hard not to hear of them. From what transpired during the investigation into the conduct of the Andover Union, and from the more partial revelations as yet elicited at Risbridge, there is reason to fear that the temper which leads guar dians and workhouse officers to make common cause against paupers as a common enemy, is but too pre valent throughout the kingdom. This is not the fault of the new Poor-law : it existed in and has been inherited from the administration of the old law. It was not merely profuse expenditure, and injudicious management of the funds of national charity, that a central board of management was instituted to check. The Poor-law were also intended to control the petty spirit of local partisanship, which often made the power of administering or withholding' relief the means of gratifying malignity or voluptuous propensities. There were M‘DorGaLs and SL %TEAS is plenty under the old Poor-law ; and there were vestries who countenanced and supported their minions when suspected, or even known to be guilty of brutality, just as there arc Union Boards. The local dispensers of the new Poor-law and their electors, are the same classes who discharged these functions under the old. The new Poor-law is economical in its spirit, but not harsh or cruel. The pedantic manner in which rations have been propor tioned even to drachms and scruples, and some other minutim of the ultra-formalists who had a large hand in coneocting the law and bringing it into ope ration, have impressed many with a false estimate of it. There is nothing in the new Poor-law to warrant oppression, wanton cruelty, or even lack of sym pathy for destitution and decrepitude. The abuses, the too prevalent abuses, to which we are now inviting attention, existed under the old Poor-law; and that they survive under the new Poor-law, is partly owing to the ill-judged parsimony which cat down the number of assistant commissioners and heaped incompatible duties upon them, partly to the unaccountable conduct and temper of the Poor-law Commissioners. These gentlemen—it was proved before the Andover Union Committee—have left the law to work as it best might in the provinces, while they have been compiling specious dissertations on the abstract idea of a poor-law, which they called reports ; angrily defending themselves against every imputa tion their neglect of their real duties drew down upon them; whispering confidentially in the ears of Home Secretaries; and occasionally making of some luckless aseistant•commissioner, what Moses made of the scape-goat—a beast of burden, on the back of which was tied all the sins of the congregation, that it might carry them away out into the wilderness. The questions which now engross public attention in France, and the part assumed by the organs of the court upon them, indicate the tendency which at the present moment the policy of the monarchy of July assumes. The massacres of Galicia found an apolo gist in the tribune in the person of the minister of Louis Philippe, who, to spare M. de Metternich the responsibility of these horrors, denied their truth, opposing, says the Sleek," to the evidence of facts the effrontery of his own naked assertion, and apostrophising the party of the Left in these words : 'lt is revolutionists alone that do things of that kind.'" In a like spirit, the journals of the Château denounce the popular movement in Switzerland ; and, again, the recent coup . d'etat in Portugal receives their undisguised approbation. There is no mistaking all these symptoms. Alluding to the reproach attempted to be cast on the Opposition of the Left, on the occasion of the massacres of Galicia, Le Sleek, which, as is well known, is not identified with extreme doctrines, says: The recollections of July are an answer to the calumnies of this ungrateful son of a revolution. The movement of Geneva has again falsified his words. We accept the parallel which he has challenged. Compare what passes in Switzer land with the recent history of Poland, of which every cou rier brings us a bloody page. To whom, we ask, belongs the hon )ur of organising carnage, enlisting . assassins, putting • market-price on murder, and systematising anarchy, for the purpose of perpetuating vengeance ? What hand has distri buted gold to the soldiers, and crosses to the leaders of this monarchical Jacquerie, as the price of blood ? What voice was raised to propitiate by favours the infernal genius which inspired these atrocities, to offer homage to the Galician peasants, whom a hateful Machiaveli:m holds in brutal sub lie.itZen. in order to hire more easily their savage fury ? hypocritical and sanguinary coups es'tat are not in the spirit of our politics ; but the world knows, and history will record, that in this 19th century the minister of an absolute government gloried in this system of political murder, and that a conservative minister of France demanded for it of a French assembly the amnesty of Silence ! Yes, we retort your words, " it is not revolutionists, but you and such a- you, who do or say such things." Let your hired journals, circulate outrages against the Genevese insurrection. Let them be in dulgent fur the bloody restoration of the old regime in Ittly, in Poland, at Lucerne. Show yourselves pitiless towards Genevese liberalism, which triumphantly defends itself; and after victory extends the hand of peace to the conquered. Encourage by your co-operation and countenance the efforts of foreign diplomacy to estrange France from her natural allies. Bless the Jesuits of Friburg in condemning the liberals of Berne. Preserve carefully in your archives the precious compliments which Roses addresses to you. lie pulse the wishes of those people who, in spite of you, believe still in that France which you vainly try to hide from them. Supplicate the pardon of the absolute governments. Above all, check the liberal dispositions of the new Pontiff, , n order to merit from Prince Metternich those little familiar notes which you read at the tribune with all the pride of a cour tier. Behold your part—be faithful to it. Observe faith fulfy the unity of that drama which for seven years back you have played for the profit of the enemies of France. The incident of Madrid will make no change in its d.'nouc- Inent. Some god in the machinery will be able to remove your temporary difficulties, and turn to burlesque a scene, the serious issue of which is above your strength. Persevere in the ways of reaction. Declare to all what you are, and let the country know as certainly as foreign cabinets already do, that with men like you everything may be attempted against the revolution and nothing for it. Such is the language of the organ of that party in France of which Odillon Barrot is the type, and which has been lately reproached with leanings towards.the court party. The flagrant infamy of the coup d'etat played off at Lisbon has roused the indignation of the public in Paris, expressed with one accordant voice by the whole press, with the single exception of that part of it which speaks the sentiments of the court and the government. Some of the more liberal and demo cratic papers could not at first bring themselves to credit the real character of the reported proceedings, owing more particularly to the connexion of the name of the Marquis Saldanha with them. It was impossible to imagine that one who had been so intimately . connected, as well in his public as in his private relations, with the republican and democratic party in Paris, a friend of Armand Carrel, and the associate, if not the collaboratcur of the editor of the National, could ever have allowed himself to be made the instrument by which the lioerties of his country should he assailed. No doubt, however, now remains, and his former friends of the National assail him as a base renegade, who has submitted to be the accomplice of the Queen in her nocturnal attack on the liberties of her people. Imagine, says the National, a popular government be guilty of such treachery ; the head of a democratic state to have summoned at midnight his ministers, his public func tionaries and his military commander, upon the pretence of urgent business; that thereon this chief, having gently explained the situation of affairs, expressed fear as to the in sufficiency of his cabinet, exalted the liberal qualities of the persons selected to form a new one ; imagine that, to satisfy the scruples of the minister hesitating to sign the ordon nance, this chief had said, " Every thing shall be preserved ; there shall be no counter-revolution; a change of ministry alone is contemplated ; the results of the last insurrection will be maintained ;"— and that the moment the minister was thus persuaded to sign, he found biros. if a prisoner ! If all these wretched schemes had been employed, not to over turn a minister, but to destroy the effects of a revolution, to betray the manifest wish of the country by the aid of the army seduced—to cover a whole city with snldiers and put it in a state of siege, with the proclamation of a dictatorship supported by bayonets;—if all this, we say, had passed in a country calling itself censtitetional, and had been effected by the caprice of a queen and by the help of foreign money, with what decent name would it be possible to qualify an in famy so atrocious? Such is, nevertheless, the history of this last exploit of Donna Maria. She has put herself at the head of a conspiracy against her ministers ; she spread a snare for them ; she has enticed them to the palace by baiting a trap for them ; there she induced the military com mander, by perfidious representation, to sign an order to the troops to surround the palace at the break of days; and when she had accomplished this, she imprisoned the minister and , the general in the very palace to which she had seduced 1 them ; she destroyed the national guard; suspended the constitution and created an absolute despotism. She had not even the decency to wait until her new functionary Saldanha could change the commanders of regiments; she did so herself without troubling her ministers ; she fixed the sign-manual to the brevet of the former officers of Cabral, she replaced on her owu irresponsible authority all the civil and military functionaries ; and that done, she sent her janissaries to arrest thoseof her former employe/a who had not been enticed to the palace. What may be the denouement of this drama we know not, but we emphatically record those facts, to bespeak upon them the sentiments of European opinion, and if, as we fervently hope, this audacious outrage to an entire people is followed by a striking and exemplary chastisement, we ask what political party will dare to deny its justice? "Nations, to-day, can everywhere see at what game monarchies are playing, and what respect they profess for popular manifestations; there, where force to impotent, corruption supplies its place; there, where open war on the people dare not show itself, power works by stratagem, false hood, and perfidy. Governments perhaps think thus to bring insurrections into disrepute—they are deceived—they prepare them on the contrary, render them inevitable, and make victorious people unlearn that moderation which they have recently practised. This lesson will some day cost those who have given it dear, and it will then be too late to repent." • • • • In our former correspondence we mentioned the summary measures taken against the Spanish papers which would not insert puffing paragraphs of the nup tial festivities. The following report of the proceed ings against members of the bar in Murcia will show the extent to which this system is practised: " The palitical chief has issued an order of banishment against the avocets who declared that they could not support the expenses of the files, in consequence of the weight of the taxes which pressed upon them. Four avocets having been arbitrarily banished, the judges of the Court of First Instance, the dean of the Chamber of Avocats, and the vice-president of the Provincial Council presented themselves to the political chief, and induced him to revoke the decree of banishment, but on the express condition that the Chamber should recall its former decision, and should declare that the marriage of the Infanta was agreeable to it. The Chamber of Avocets was consequently assembled again, and a volun tary subscription was opened to defray the expenses, under pain of banishment." The address of the Prosresistas of Murcia to the Queen, against the marriage of the Duke of Montpen sier, having been referred to the tribunal for prosecu tion, Monier Mier, the fiscal, did not see that there was any ground of prosecution. He was consequently dismissed. It is thus attempted to intimidate the judges. Monsieur Guerrero supported the accusation, I and maintained that the document was not simply an address, but an incendiary proclamation. The Avocat of the Progressistas having spoken on the other side, the Court pronounced the acquittal of the accused. We axe assured, says Le Commerce, that There is little doubt that in the reactionary movement in Lisbon, the French Embassy has taken a part against the Constitutional party. We think it is very well for France to oppose England on the Peninsula ; but could not that be accomplished without placing our country in odious hostility to all the principles of order and liberty ? We leave to Eng land the popular part of ranking herself on the side of the oppressed . The strength of France consists in being the true representative of the ideas of 1789 and 1830. The policy of M. Guizot tends to deprive us of this strength, and pro cures for us victories which are as disastrous as defeats. If this is the way he sustains our influence in Europe, we would prefer his inertia to his activity." The Gazette de France and La Riforme directly charge Queen Christina with employing the soldiers and the fleets of Spain to place one of her sons by Munoz upon a transatlantic throne, usurped from one of the young republics of the West. Such an expedition has been already mentioned as contemplated, but the news has now acquired such consistency that it is difficult to call it in question. It is said that General Flores, under the orders of Christina, has already collected a fleet of ten vessels and a body of four thousand men at Santander. The officers and soldiers composing this corps have been drafted from the Spanish army, with their arms and baggage com plete. They are enrolled, not by General k lures, but by the government of Madrid. Reports are in circulation that Bide-Campagne is preparing an armed attack on Bide-Ville. The Free Corps are also in motion, and it is said that the League of the Seven Cantons is preparing for resis tance. The Council of State of Fribourg is making extensive military preparations. Three companies of infantry, and a company of artillery, are ordered into the city, a review of the Landwehr and the Landsturm is ordered, the force of these bodies to be augmented by volunteers. Meanwhile, however, all continues tranquil at Geneva, where men of opposite parties combine in maintaining order; and in the guard-houses individuals are seen lying down, side by side, who a few days ago were firing upon each other. The same spirit will probably prevail in the approaching elections. In the country the inhabi tants of the Catholic communes are in a large majority. They will vote with the radicals, whose cause they have espoused. The following announcement is given in the Diario di Roma of the loth : " His Holiness, still occupied with political improvements and desirous to render the measure of his predecessors con sistent with the actual wants of the public, has createda Junta, under the presidency of the Cardinal Secretary of State for the preparation of a prs,j. et: 1. Upon a better divi sion of business among the bureaus of the public adminis tration. 2. Upon the appointment of a council of mini.ters to discuss all questions worthy of being taken into considera tion in each branch of the administration, and to submit its advice to his Holiness. The Auditor-General of tho Aposto lic Chamber, the Governor of Rome, the Treasurer, the President of the Army, the Secretary of the Sacra Consults, the two prelates, Under Secretaries of State, form part of this Junta. Mons. Rusconi will be the Secretary. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. Daily News Office, Friday liforn;ng, Six o'clock. The dispatches of our Faris correspondent, together with the Paris journals and other foreign papers have reached us by the ordinary express. The reports of the proceedings at Lisbon, received by the steamer at Southampton, occupy a large portion of the journals of Wednesday. A flattering picture of the state of France, as re spects its provincial and rural population, is pre sented by the Journal des DJbats, in noticing the results of the session of the Council's-general. Not withstanding the excitement arising from the elec tion of the National Guard, the representative Chamber, and the Municipal Council, no disturbance showed itself in the exercise of the constitutional rights of the general-council, each member of which, says the Djbats, after having discharged his duty as a citizen, returned like an old Cincinnatus tranquilly to his plough. Political agitations were scarcely admitted into their discussions. The spirit which animates the ministerial party is clearly enough indicated in the tone adopted by their organs of the press, in reference to foreign politics. In the Epoque of Wednesday, the leading article is devoted to an attack on the Opposition journals of every shade, in whioh the revolution at Geneva and its tendencies are denounced as a subject of disquietude to France. The coup d'etat in Lisbon is noticed with approbation, and the return to power of the Cabral party mentioned as proofs of the friendly regard towards France entertained in Lisbon. The section of the Opposition represented by Le Si cle, while they refer without disapprobation to the Spanish marriage, and disavows the right of Eng land to interfere, indignantly disclaims, nevertheless, all acquiescence in any policy favouring arbitrary power or counter-revolution. The Ministerial embarrassments arising out of the rupture with England on the Spanish question, and its probable aggravation by the diplomatic com munications said to be received from the northern courts, have given rise to reports more or less credited, of changes in the Cabinet, which will place Count Moli. in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The National, of Wednesday, state, that it has been in formed that the Chargt" , d'Affaires of Russia has made a very unwelcome communication to M. Guizot on the part of his Government. Although that Cabinet declines acknowledging Queen Isabella, nevertheless, says the National:— " Ru , sia announces, that having received a diplomatic despatch from England, in which reservations are made against all aggrandizement of the younger branches of the French Bourbons, she unites in the protest of England, and that, if the case should occur, she will be prepared to main tain the equilibrium of European powers. On the other hand, it is known that Austria has not assented to the mea sure of M. Guizot—this government and that of Prussia hold themselves aloof. This situation, which is becoming complicated, causes at present the greatest embarrassment, and means of extrication are anxiously sought. It was thought the Whigs eight be overturned. 'This idea is, however, rejected, and at the same time, the most express assurance is received that the Tory party in this measure is in accordance with Lord Palmerston. As the Whigs must stand, therefore M. Guizot must be sacrificed. Conferences between England and M. Mole have been opened, and we may look fur new concessions to England, unworthy of France and fatal to her interests. We will declare, to- morrow, what has been communicated to us on this subject, meanwhile, La Presse must be aware of the necessity of rewriting its famous article, entitled, ' How is it to end ?' (quoted in the Daily New: correspondence of last week.) M. Mole will be able to supply it with the necessary information, circumstantial and personal." The Swiss correspondence of the Constitutionnel corroborates the announcement made in our Paris correspondence of yesterday. Liberal opinion is pre dominant in Basle, and it seems likely that that canton, city and country, will follow in the steps of Geneva, but without violence or bloodshed. The twelve votes necessary in the diet to give effect to a federal decree will therefore probably be soon gained by the party which represents the great majority of the nation, and which demands not only the expul sion of the Jesuits, but the immediate dissolution of the ultramontane league. The accession of Friburg to the liberal cause will, it is feared, not be obtained without a struggle ; a great popular meeting was lately convened at Morat, the centre of liberalism, for the purpose of adopting such measures as the crisis demands. The government of Friburg, in the live liest state of anxiety, has filled the capital with troops, but although they selected the militia gene rally from those districts which were devoted to them, their fidelity was nevertheless doubted. On entering Friburg, some detachments, to the great despair of the ruling party, chaunted the Marseillaise. There was a general decline of all securities to-day, the bankers and merchants all endeavouring to make sales with few buyers.—The Vierzon shares (centre) fell forty francs, owing to the reported failure of two arches of the Vierzon viaduct, near Orleans. Paw, OCT. 21.--Cours Aid hentire, for money.— Three per Cents., 82 80; Five per Centa., 117 70; hour per Cents., 106 75; Belgian Five per Cents. (1840), wok; Ditto, 1642, 1021 ; Bente de Naples, 102; Roman Loan, 102 i II; Bank Shares, 31 80. Exchange on Lon don, 30 days. 25 624 ; 90 days, 25 50. Palms, Ocr. 21.—Cash Sales : Paris and Orleans, 1,2171; Paris and Rouen, 922 Su; ltouen and Havre, 690; Avignon and Marseilles, 88250; Strasbourg and Bale, 225; Centre Vierzon, 5841; Bordeaux, 552 50; North, ISS; Paris and Strasburg, 493 75; Tours and Nantes, 501 25; Paris and Lyons 516 25; Montereau and Troyes, 3GO; Fampoux and Vasebrook, 400; Dieppe and Fitamp, 365. Our Madrid correspondence with the journals of that city of the 16th instant have arrived. The mem bers of the Spanish Mercantile Association for the Promotion of Free Trade have given a grand dinner to Mr. Cobden. El Clanuo Public() has announced the openiug of a subscription for the purpose of raising a monument on the spot where twenty thousand French laid down their arms to General Castanos. The Duke of Sarragossa has been deprived of his commission as captain of the battle-axe guard (hale cordiers). Messrs. Costa Cabral and Gonzales Bravo have eitheractually departed or were about to depart imme diately from Lisbon. The decree of the amnesty was not yet published on the 13th, because of the absence of the Queen from Madrid. It was, however, decided on. _ _ The Clamor Publico has announced that the Duke d'Aumale would start for France on the 19th. Letters from Lisbon of the 16th state the Portuguese coup ct due was effected by the: influence of Don Fernando, the husband of the Queen, Dietz, his ad viser and former tutor, and the French Ambassador at Lisbon. These three persons, with the co-opera tion of the Duke of Terceira, pressed the Queen, who offered some resistance, which however was finally overcome, and she yielded much against her will. L'Axinol quotes a letter from Vimaroz of the 16th, that an insurrection had taken place in the village of San Mateo, and that shouts were raised in favour of Charles V. The tocsin was sounded in that and the surrounding villages, when the insurgents fled to the mountains. Reports which were 5pr; a 717777" --- --s, le Cabrera in the district of Gandeja dete • Captain-General of i Catalonia to march a bod y on that point, but t was generally b elieved 0 )4 if Cabrera should be present there he wowd effected nothing, for the desire of peace is ro oted in the minds of the Carlists. The corps, h o „„ 2,000 men, divided into two babes ; one • • 1,400 men, took a poitition in the district dcja, and the other 600 i n the district of Vall of i . El Clamor Publiropubli s h es a letter frorn B A , dated 12th, stating, that at Yelves and Camp o ., there was a struggle among . the troops, 4 2 four soldiers have been seriously ivounded, artillery refuse to obey the new goverarnent,, the 4th regiment of Chasseurs declared, on 0 )4 teary, in favour of the counter-revolution, majority prevailed, and the authority of th e government was acknowledged. The Infanta Luisa and her husband were to start for N o the 28th ; it was said, also, that the Queen would soon follow. The royal family returned to the palace at hat 10 on the morning of the 21st. In the even 4 was a dinner and ball. Private letters state that the departure of th e and Duchess of Montpensier was fixed foe . th e and not for the 28th. MADRID OCT. 15.—Three per Cents., IS; Four Five per dents., 2? : Debt without interest, 6/ ;Coups; , St. Ferdinand, 140 ; lestwlla, 130 per rent. Farbson, don, 361 cash ; dino3unt, 6 per cent. The Ban was civ,doll* GERMANY.—BERLIN, OCT. no not 1 that the trial of the Poles will take place this ye t , thought that the trial, when it does comma, syl least six months, as a great part of the evidence ,GI the Polish tongue, unless Government sets I so, liberty.—Owing to a reaction, the funds have s ry fallen again, but it is only momentary, and the acs notes are to be issued on the Vith.—The Prime of p has arrived at Merlin from yienna. VIENNA, Ocr. 12.—We learn from M ime , that a spirit of moderation and calmness ps,, k 6 Diet, and that even a great portion of what an ct, young members are gradually laying aside their u r character, which was formerly so intolerable, and o xi , to amume a gloomy appearance, The Estates bae, hitherto engaged with the first royal proposition —n election of persons to fill the higher offices slat become vacant ; and though several candidates of the t tion haysbecn chosen, yet by far the greater pan of tl sons elected consist of men of moderate and one principles. In a representation to the Sovereign {, election of the High Chancellor, the Estates erns. humble wish that his Majesty may hare re, t d nomination to the majority of votes, and as t creed of candidates, that the chief offices May a all filled, contrary to the laws of the kingdom, nob a TO of the same confession of faith (Count ckj, t h e G o , of Transylvania, and Baron Kemeni, the President Diet, are Protestants), and that a Diet may be seas in Transylvania, according to the spirit of the In understood that the Diet will adjourn for some so the Vintage, and when it meets again will immedissd ceed to the Urbarium. Ocr. 14.—The accounts received here yet from Ofen, respecting the healtk of his Imperial 11 4 the Archduke Palatine, were s itisfactory, and satire hope that the patient will shortly recover. A vrett ry is caused here, by a sentence which has been published' an officer of high rank (0—), for ember:nag al deposit entrusted to him, who is to be broken vn grace. He had appealed against the sentence, bat higher courts conformed the first sentence. SCHLESWIG AND HOLSTEIN.—The Rlsinielo6l replies to the statement of the Journal des DAkals, ti Danish minister to the Diet had made certain reserves ing the resolution of the Diet concern ing the dulness; "Moron Pechlin, fully understanding the tree henna, resolution of the diet, thought himself, is fact, Ws to make a reserve. The representatives of different , of one in particular, then represented to him that tie lution of the Diet was only couched in 1 , 0 modems to leave open an honourable retreat to the King cilia and that if he intended to adhere to his protest, 11 would bo obliged to give a more decisive reply. After resistance, Baron Pechlin at length gave his consent. time the statement of the Paris reporter was on iti; Paris." FRONTIERS OF GALICIA.—M. Von Mecisu the well-known propagator and inventor of the mos or entirely misrepresented article which the limbo y have given to the world respecting the affairs of Gale been arrested at Cracow, and called to the bar of joe is said that he was taken in the very act of distribmix tious writings. l'Esru, OCT. 12.—According to the Pestl o the long-projected works, for connecting the muse Theis+, are now commenced in good eamest at fea 30,000 workmen arc already employed. It is likese posed to drain the marshes of Aliburnar and 11l means of a canal, into the Karas, near Lagodort I execution of this plan, 60,000 acres of the most feed will be gained, capable of producing mutually I bushels of wheat. SWITZERLAND.—BERNE, 0(7. 11.—We to-day had a species of riot which is without example city. For a long time the lower classes of the ostli seen with a jealous eye the inhabitants of the ad cantons, and particularly of Neufchatel and the coming to purchase all their provisions at our marlin as the most material articles became dearer, generals arose, although they were still abundant, and at prim than in the neighbouring countries. Latterly, at meeting of the working men, an address was voted government, desiring that measures should be taken vent forestalling of provisions, and providing that chases in the market itself should be allowed la certain hour. The Council, conceiving that this rem would be unconstitutional, and would probably ht effect quite opposite to that which the petitioners et from it, decided upon a non-compliance. At thi time, the government took such other measures 3it likely to prevent an exorbitant increase in the of corn and other provisions, and to find employment poorer claws. The decision of the council bei known, a crowd assembled about ten this moraila market-place, in consequence of a woman who went chase her ordinary supply of potatoes, finding that! had bought them all up. The police magistrates Mu and endeavoured to calm the rage this fact excited were not listened to, and finding that coercion was be necessary, some twenty men of the militia were brog ward with fixed bayonets. These, however, were inn to awe the crowd, which increased every minute.i armed force was pelted, and driven out of the markt The rioters then began to plunder two carts lab potatoes. One of the ringleaders was seized and take guard-house, but he was soon afterwards released comrades, and carried off in triumph. The rioters vaded several bakers' shops, breaking the windows, b depredations were not otherwise of any great maw A fringe and lace maker, named Decker, in the 1 street, and who was supposed to be a partisan of the was in great danger of being sacrificed, but was the timely intervention of some courageous neightion groop of students, after a short battle with film in The greatest damage was done in the grape market all the boxes and baskets were emptied and crud the grapes trampled under foot. At four o'clock meeting of the working men was held at Schere outside the Arbcrg Gate, and a demand sent to the that it should rescind its resolution of the preeed But this step produced no result, and the amemb dispersed by the urban guard and the students arm It is expected that the rioters will re-assemble to morning at ten o'clock, but measures arc taken to any further disorder. BELGIUM, Ocr. 19.—A petition is in sin at Mons requesting the magistrates of the city to sac suns for lowering the price of meat, and points outs as likely to bring about the result. The first is to g mission to butchers to have stalls in the vegetable to formerly ; the second is to prohibit them from bu the provisions of other butcher, as they enter the to, the case with other articles of food. We are happ; that, conjointly with the dearness of provisions, the i tore still continues so mild as to permit the labour open fields to be carried on. The labourer profits b 3 economises, for he foresees and fears the continuatio present high prices of provisions ; he does not requ and this circumstance has a favourable influence u price of this indispensable article of commerce. If Pn preserves as from a very rigorous winter there is be we may be spared the realisation of those melancho pacts which now agitate many minds. THE NETHERLANDS.—The ordinary of the Dutch legislature was opened at the Maga 19th imt., by the king in person, when his Maly vered the following speech : " Noble and puissant si your resuming the important task intrusted by the mental law to the legislative power, I am hcppy to to inform you anew, that our relations with fit powers are still characterised by a good understandim negociations with ittlailt have happily attained thi held in view, and the interests of our navigation, wh sews so much importance with respect to that enti guaranteed in the most satisfactory manner. The ti c France for the abolition of the duties on the na v a; the Rhine, may he considered as a further step tow entire freedom of that important medium of coo communication. The treaty of commerce and na recently concluded with Belgium has regulated, in s able manner (op eerie billiyke wil:e), the coalmen' tions of the two countries, and has, as much as 1 released them from all restrictions. The difheulti rienced by our commerce with the United States °fa on account of the high duties imprsed on the chid colonial produce, have been removed in the most eau way. I continue to pay particular attention to the of our transmarine possessions. A portion of their has failed, but the prospects of the new harvest are able. Two princes of the island of Bali had . instal flag and violated their treaties with us. Tr.c " our land and sea forces has repressed their ha re-established our menaced power, and secured teresta of navigation and commerce. Both port jestour o f f o i r n e c e re. s co i n u g t continue n to a ti o na n e id ri t ina mj n e a yb pp y reba ibc t l n 1 ons • tr , steam ships of war, is under consideration. The branches of the internal administration of affairs tai laxly s••lytate of education, conducted.Af theavo ieuscrabnleceps7inpedctthiesms,tilelaruheld the