The Express. — London, England, 1847-10-20 00:00:00

were in custody, mad that he had hopes of getting f i ,.ther Information.—The Conner then said that the ends of tics micbt be defeated if they proceeded with the inquest while inquiries were still pending, and adjourned the court until Monday, the Ist of next month.— SUICIDE Piton Ovln-ITUDT—Before Mr. W. Baker, at the Monmouth Arms. Singleton-et., Hoxton, on the body of Wm: Sawlineoe, aged 17 years, who committed suicide by swallow ing bitter oil of almonds. Deceased was a lawyer's clerk, and resided with his panne at No. 44, Singleton-street. He had been for some considerable time studying chemical works, and other philosophical matters. He was in the habit of locking himself up in his room, for the purpoe of pre venting his friends molesting him. He had made several experiments, but in consequence of the frequent loud reports an t explosionv, his father threatened to destroy all his books. He was discharged from his situation on Saturday, the 9th last., in consequence of his inattention to business, sad he was frequently remonstrated with by his employer, Mr. Wyatt, &solicitor, in Chancery-lane. H is mind al ways ap peared to be occupied with his studies ; and he seldom ad dressed any person except in monosy)lables. He had latterly append very chi erful ; and on Saturday last he retired to rest as usual with his younger brother. About one o'clock on the following morning his brother was alarmed by his at. tempting to jamp out of bed. The deceased then fell hack on the bed and groaned very heavily. Mr. Young, a surgeon, was sent (or, who attended immediately, and found the de ceased quite dead. Ile smelt strongly of prussic acid, and the surgeon discovered two small phials in the bedclothes, and one also on the table, which had contained bitter oil of almonds. The jury returned s verdict of "Temporary in sanity." TILE MONETARY PRESSURE. A LETTER TO LORI) JOHN RUSSELL FROM E. B. cAVLEY, k:sg., M.P. . _ that the present system may be changed without resoi :ieff to I unlimited issues ; and that the convertibility of paper nai..‘eY s,' be attained without those great fluctuations and cit. • rasigeMenta from which coalmen, hes so frequently suffered. At the same time 1 entertibs the hope, if correct in principle, and no lurking fallacy itatiOectad by myself be concealed beneath my suggestion, that they may either with or with out modification be worsed into a practical shape by those more conversant with details than myself ; and that the im. perfections incident to them may be overlooked in the sincere spirit in which they are made. The main evils to be surmounted in our present system are. 1. The appreciatson of the currency, which is at least equally to be deprecated with its depreciation, since the in dustrious classes, which suffer from the former, can far less easily contend against it than the monied class, when they suffer from the latter. 2. Violent **ciliation' in the amount of currency, which are productive of corresponding changes in the value of all property, of violation of all contracts, and also of an impossibility to calculate mercantile profit or loss. 3. The incapacity of the Bank, whenever COOfilenol is shaken, to sustain the immense superstructure of credit, which then falls back upon it for support. Absolute convertibility the act of 1444 does not pretend to secure. For virtual convertibility I expect to provide as ample security as the present system, with a more adequate provision against the depreciation of money. The following ts an outline of what I should propose. PLAN VOL THII AMENDMENT OP Till /ANIL CHASM!, _ ACT OP 1844. . The Bank to be empowered to issue 25,000,0001. of notes whenever it has 10,000,0001. of gold in its vaults. Its notes to diminish in proportion to the decrease of its bullion, and to increase in proportion to the increase of its bullion. 15.000,0001, of notes (instead of 14,000,000!., as at present) to be issued on parliamentary security. But whenever the notes of the Bank with the public (in consequence of a drain of bullion) fell below 20,000,0001., the Bank should be empowered to issue on securities an additional amount of notes, guaranteed by parliament, not exceeding 10,000,0001. in the whole, any portion of which might AO of the value of 11. and 21. to supply the place of gold. Provision to be made for the withdrawal of these additional metes es the bullion flowed back. And the Bank (to prevent the exercise of this power at sty other time than that of commercial pressure) should be charged by the government at thereto, of 5 per cent. per annum for the pri vilege of issuing these additional notes, i. e. for as many as it deemed necessary to issue. The very knowledge alone that the Bank possessed this power would restore confidence; whereas the tightening of the screw has been carried so far as to impede even the progress of the export trade, the in crease of which was the bullioniste' sheet anchor for over coming difficulties like the present. Bank notes to be convertible, at the option of the Bank, into silver, at the old standard price of ss. 2,1., or into gold at 17s. 101 d., as at present, whenever the exchange was at par, or inifavour of England, at Paris, Hamburg, Am sterdam, New York, St. Petersburg, or, indeed, any of the principal cities of the world. But when he exchange was asrainst England in any of those cities, then:the Bank should be empowered to tender, in exchange for its notes, gold at the same rate for which it was current in any of those cities, according to the last post; in other words, the Bank should be empowered to charge the price to which, in any of those cities, gold had risen. Thus would the inducement be withdrawn or diminished for abstracting gold from the Bark in exchange for im ported articles; thus would our free import laws be rendered less impracticable, for thus would a bounty be incidentally afforded on the expert of our manufactures in the place of bullion; whilst the ultimate effect would probably be that when once, in the course of trade, the bullion returned (if our Ide laws ever permit the exchanges to be restored as het etefore for any length of time in our favour), it would remain and accumulate in the Bank coffers for purposes of bond fide convertibility: so as to render almost inoperative the power before provided, in case of emergency, for an ad ditioaal issue. At the same time, to prevent the depreciation of money, the Bank, unless permitted by three specified functionaries of the government, should be prohibited from issuing any more notes upon bullion, when its treasure had accumulated to 20,000,000!. The country banks should remain on much the same foot ing ea at present, with perhaps some slight alteration in the margin of their circulation. to be proportioned to the increased demands of commerce. And it might be open for considera tion, although not material to this plan, whether a part of their circulation, in order to economise the use of gold, might not be in notes of 1/. and 21. Panics, it is now teen, de not occur less in England than in Scotland and Ireland, where IL notes exist. Dear Lord John,—To use en expression of your own, t , ma are paying dew for the failure of an erroneous theory," and it is surely time that government should interpose or parliament meet. The exemplary patience of the suffering classes—sufferer+ from faults of the legislature rather than their own—deserves some better return than • reckless reliance on a pedantic dogma. A fearful responsibility would, indeed, swell any minister who awn permit the work of destruction to go on unchecked in its desolating course; nor is it conceivable bow any man can place such confidence in any mere human conclusion as to stake it against the welfare of a whole community. That you are deeply intent on devising some method of relief, it is impossible to doubt ; for, to omit other instances, on the Factory and Irish l'oor Law bills, you showed a steadfast determination to act in defiance of any abstract principle that violated the laws of humanity. And my only plea in addressing you is the conviction that your inde pendent mind will now adopt a similar course; and that to relieve distress will be your benevolent desire, paramount to all foregone conclusions; while I feel that the hunstolf at may trust to be absolved from the charge of presumption who, in a for and earnest spirit. ventures to suggest any means fur removing an emergency like the present. But to cure the dim'se we mu.t ascertain its cause. To you,who rememher the 117,000,0;'0L raised without difficulty by taxes and loans, for urcreproductive purposes, in the labt years of the war, from 18,000,000 of people—and the' last loan of that loaning war contracted at • rate of 4/. Ils. Id. per cent.—it. would be an insult to attribute the existing commercial prostration to 36,000,0001. of railway cal!, per annum, for re-productive works, from' 3,000,000 of people who have been philosophically emancipating them selves, year by year, from the shackles of an obsolete com mercial code, which was °Nearly° trough to produce pros perity contrary to rule—however grievous the burden of those mils may be, under the depreciation of their property, to in dividual shareholders, and however unwise it wan, in pur mance of the non-interference and unlimited competition principles, not to distribute the employment of labour on the railways over a greater surface of years. The scarcity of last year, now succeeded by a bountiful harvest, will scarcely be found a more satisfactory solution of the difficulty, unless we may suppose. as in the case eta starring man, that the too rapid exhibition of food has over pawered the body politic. Neither can the misconduct of the directors of the Bank —the last apology of the bullionista—afford the clue. A little more or a little less discretion on the part of the admi nistrators of a law (the virtue of which was to consist in this, that it would selfact, and would prevent the " tremen dous sacrifice of the mercantile and other interests") will scarcely account for the gigantic trade of England being brought to a standstill. As an epitaph on the tomb of our commercial greatness, the hardiest disciple of that school would be ashamed to inscribe., " Died of the Bank-screw being turned three week. too late!" But in the law, which the Bank administers so amply, may be found the explanation of our commercial disasters; and so clear to the common reason of mankind has it now become that a pragmatical law of the state must yield to the higher law of the safety of the people, that, in order to shorten my observations, I propose to forego any detailed ' criticism of the Bank Charter Act of 1811 (which has failed in, I think, everyone of its avowed objects), with a view of at once proceeding to offer some suggestions for the im provement of that law. And my principal inducements in so doing are,—l. That its opponents have been charged with blaming that measure without producing • better; 2. To meet the objection—almoat too frivolous, except ac the bugbear of a parliamentary debate—that there is no alter native between tke present system and one of unlimited paper issues. . I am further stimulated in the undertaking by the belief that since you attributed Co much misery to what you con sidered the 30 per cent. appreciation of the currency from the act of 1810, you will not, especially since you were not the author of the act of 1311, have shut your eyes to the effect of a 25 per cent. direct appreciation of the currency during the last year, from a reduction, if I remember rightly, of 7,000,0001. in the issues of the Bank of England, and of 4,000,0001. in the issues of the Irish, Scotch, and English country bank*, intensely aggravated as the pressure from this cause has been, under the suspension of all con fidence, by the hoarding of • great part of the remainder of the circulation. _ . . As an eloquent writer (Mr. Alison) has well said, a nation with 5000,000,0004 of capital, and 200,000,0001. of realised annual income, is brought to the verge of insolvency by an export of 7,000,000/. of its bullion ! Can this be a necessary consequence of some mysterious law of nature? " Whether or no, are we, with folded arms, calmly to await the reflux of that bullion on w hick, according to the pre-ent system, restored confidence and renewed prosperity cutirely depend ; unable so we are to foretell whether its return will be a year, two years, or three years hence ;" leaving our manu factures and commerce, meanwhile, to stagger on as they may ? 'lhe mischief has consisted, not in a want of capital, but in a want of the means to transfer the capital from hand to band. Under the suspension of confidence, bills of exchange have ceased to perform their usual functions u currency, at a time when the circulating medium was reduced one-fourth, which has enhanced still more its value. Money, appre ciated thus perhaps really 50 per cent., has caused the general fall in the prices of stocks, shares, and commodi ties ; and, with it, the general distress, and a violation of all contracts. . No commercial pressure of consequence, no general diffi culty in obtaining payment of railway calls was experienced, until the Bank, from its bullion ebbing fast for cora, found its reserve of notes so low that, to meet the deficiency bills in April, it was obliged to go on the Stock Exchange and bor row money. This sympton of weakness on the pert of the Bank it was, together with the then unheard-of step of its refuel to discount on any terms, that produced that panic which, with only a slight temporary abatement in the sum mer, continues unmitigated to this day. But in praise of the act of 1844, during the last session, the Chan cellor of the Exchequer declared that trade never was so sound and unspeculative. The failures, then, to the terrific extent of some 20,000,0001. in one month, can scarcely be attributed to mercantile misma nagement, but only to the shock given to all credit through the stringent operation of the law; to rescue themselves from the annihilating thrill= of which it is matter of amazement that the productive classes in a body have not, before this, reserted to both measures and language which it would be difficult to resist and impossible to misunderstand. Credit is somewhere described as suspicion asleep; but it la now so wide awake that it cannot be rocked to slumber again as heretofore, when it reposed secure on the supposed inexhaustible power of the Bank, in a time of extremity, to uphold it. The act of 1844 during its first ordeal has shorn the Bank of its ancient prestige, and exposed It to the public view as a mere private establishment, with a capital of 4,000,0001. (its rest) to carry on its business. The many ►un dreds of millions of credit circulating yearly in this country require a somewhat broader base than this to rest upon. That broader base must be provided by parliament, or our commerce will sink. _ _ I. the worst over, and Consols at 80? A chancellor of the exchequer's assertion cannot now be taken for that. Even if it were over, you must at least be prepared with some measure to amend the present law; for, besides that com merce cannot bear the frequent repetition of shocks like this, credit cannot materially revive without an evident Increase to the power of the Bank, which cannot take place without either a change in the system or • return of its bullion. This, with a law lately passed to encourage the import of any other commodity rather than gold, must be a slow process, and probably a distant event. Ere its arrival the stoppage of nulls, the murmurings of wageless work men, with commerce reduced to a state of liquidation, will probably compel the interference of parliament ; if the necessities of the exchequer have not already given timely warning to the government of what is about to happen. For he would be more than • bold, he would be an audacious minister, who, in a crisis like the present, attempted to prop up a pernicious theory and to replenish the treasury by an Increase of taxation, when the surrender of that theory Might at once restore confidence and bring relief. 'The dimmer, then, being monetary, monetary must be the means of cure, and the act of 1844 must be repealed and an entirely new system substituted in its place, or that act be taken as the groundwork of the amendment desired. Be lieving that sufficient and permanent relief can be afforded by a modification of that act, I incline to the latter plan as most in unison with the previous course of legislation on the subject; although I can eisily imagine the possibility of a more perfect system. The alteration I would suggest could equally well be carried out by commissioners as by theßank. I am too old, however, not to know, as a mere matter of tactics, the disadvantage to which any one is subject who proposes a plan—the criticisms, the hypereriticisms, the ridi• cute, and the pulling to pieces to which " the cherished bant ling" is exposed. I fancy, too, there is already evidence ofs melancholy triumph in store for disbelievers in the virtue of unrestricted imports combined with our restricted currency, if they would silently await the painful development. But to the triumph, as to the ridicule, I am equally callous, if the thousandth part of • grain of advantage may acerueto the industry of the country from any chance suggestions of mine, which are offered in no spirit of infallibility, not eves as a complete plan, but principally with I view of showing At the Scotch and Irish banks Bank of England note, should become a legal tender in exchange for their own notes, in the Same manner as at preseat at the country banks of England. This would at once restore nearly 4,000,0001. of gold to the coffers of the Bank. Under the present system we have a nominal adhesion to a fixed stan dard and • real alternating depreciation and appreciation, and unsteadiness of the currency—than which a greater curse cannot be inflicted on any community. Under the system I have proposed you would have occasionally • very slight nominal depreciation of the note, with • real steadiness and fixity in the value of money—a resell as desirable as the correctness and uniformity of weights and measures. The obvious objections which, at starting, will probably be taken to the above plan. are twofold: —first, that silver at ss. 2d. the oz. does no; square in price with gold at 31. 17s. 101 d. Thie is true; but neither did it under the old standard. And as Lord Liverpool's Act, which in 1816 changed the standard to gold alone, passed aa a matter of no moment to the debtor, who thus lost five per cent. advan tage in redeeming his debt; so neither will it be necessary to consider it a matter of moment to the creditor that we should recur to the old law; whereas, during the last spring, in confirmation of the general reasoning, it was made conspicuous that the possession of the power, by the Bank, to issue equally on silver and gold would have been of material advantage in mitigating the effects of panic. The second objection will probably be,—that if the bank note be not always convertible into silver at ss. 2d. per oz ., or into gold at 31. 17s. 101 d., it will, strictly speaking, to the extent of the unfavourable exchange, be for the time being depreciated in value. This is perfectly true; but it would only be depreciated fur the period that the exchanges were against us ; hitherto • period under a metallic standard, and in a great exporting country never of very long duration. And a person then coming to demand bullion would do it, not from a motive of dis crediting the note, but instigated by a mercantile desire to traffic in the circulating medium; an object which parliament need be at no great pains to gratify ; important as it is that the circulating medium should remain steady, and, as far as possible, stationary. Supposing for a mo ment that wheat, at say 50s. the quarter, were the standard of value, and it had become notorious that the notes issued on wheat were never discredited, and never brought to ex change for wheat, except by corn merchants in periods of famine; would it be reasonable, after long experience of such a result, for the Bank to be compelled:to continue sell ing wheat at 50s. during a famine, merely that corn mer chants might make inordinate profits. Would it not be more reasonable to say, " the average prim of wheat having been found to be about 505., whenever it is at or below that price we will give a quarter of it in exchange for a definite amount of notes, and this will satisfy you that, on an average, our notes are convertible into substantial property. But if the: only time you chorea to come for ',hest in exchange for notes be when corn is at • famine price—when it is not to satisfy the principle of convertibility that you come, but to speculate in corn, at a famine price alone shall you have the corn, and receive so much lets during the famine for your note, in proportion as the price of wheat is above 50." la the same manner and on the same principle it is only reasonable that we should deal with a standard composed of the precious metals ; for how can we expect an equable currency, founded on them, when we offer a pre mium on their export ? But, to meet the objection in part, it might be advo cated that as you propose to give a small per tentage lees (since the exchanges ary more) for the note than 31. 17s. 161 d. the ounce of gold, in proportion as the ex change is against us; so, also, you should propose to give so much more than 31.17 x. 101 d. the ounce for the note, is proportion as the exchange is in our favour. The principle of this would be perfectly correct, and, in any other case than that of currency, would at once apply. We cannot, however, stand in the beaten way, and choose absolute I good ; neither is it always prudent or practicable to adopt the entirety of what, on the surface, appears an indis putable general principle. The inconvenience arising from the fluctuating value of the note, if it oscillated both above and below the standard price, would be far from being com pensated for, in this cue, by a pedantic observance of a cor rect theory. Some price for the inestimable advantage of an equable and comparatively unoscillating medium of exchange Ino reasonable man would grudge to pay. Some admixture of imperfection in all human contrivances we must expect ; and, of two evils, the only alternative generally left us is to choose the least. It would be enough, to satisfy the principle of convertibi lity, that for ten months in the year, probably, on an ave rage, a man could exchange his note for gold at the standard price. If he neglected that opportunity, it would not be unfair that it should be at his own lose. It is not necessary (it is, indeed, better, bye slight violation of a first principle, to prevent it) to encourage a trade and a traffic in the cur rency of a country. It is better that the bank note should occasionally be from 2 to 6 per cent. below par in value, but, on the average, convertible at the standard price, than that bills of exchange should vary in their discount between 3 and 20 percent. ; than that Exchequer-billsshould fall toadiscount of 355. ; than that articles of commerce, and stacks, and shares should be periodically subjected to hundreds of mil lions of depreciation in value. lay better surely than this would it be, that an utensil (the Act of 1819) which has re quired vamping and soldering already seven times to make it hold water, but which, in spite of the most praiseworthy efforts en the part of the tinker, still leaks and wastes as much as ever, should be consigned to the final receptacle of all dilapidated pots and pans ; and that courage should at last be mustered to supply its place with a new one. With the highest respect, believe me, deer Lord John, yours truly, E. 8. CAYLZY. Wydale, Oct. 16, 1847.—The Lord John Russell, &c., THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 20, 1847. ~„ ewer wee retuned hem that mai Pram the ormws.e wenn. the people et the Yiwint, partisalarly the Med yeel i d :now . hei t s w er, woe dr met ta ...i = Me AM Min' ABM very 72:a ih gt id a : . ., emit ae l =r a le drop awe hdegalest three feet .bore water; ~,„;nithilaw oar eselnia Memel f rehmt to ro w?. m t h e ayde. A y e j g cto was dram set and be, lay a wee. My at the pre mien ei veadve o r !b append at the *lndust of the °amain and crew. NAIRN.—A new breaks meter has bet :t built at the port of Nairn. The erection is of * and and stone, end juts out sea ward for 1,200 feet, with a akrht angle at its outer end. It cost 3,0001., and has been proc:untlee of the !fewest benefit to the Skip*. interests Nam The port has a northern exposure, end before the erection 0.. e the breakwater, vessels lying in the bey, or at the mouth of the river, were subject to great peril in north and north-cut No other winds raise a see, and the new pier affords a coml. lite shelter from the storms formerly dreaded. FOlleR OF THE SEA DURING THURSDAY'S GALE,—The force of the waves at the Bell Rock during the late gale fives% the south-east, as indicated by the marine dynamometer (records of which ere daily registered), was 2,8741b5., or up wards of 14 ton per superficial foot, being the greatest result obtained since October, 1844, when a nearly sander force was indicated. IRELAND. DCBLIS, Ocr. 18. The meeting of the Roman catholic bishops take. place to-morrow. No definite course has been deter. mined on except what I have already stated—that a deputation to give effect to the resolutions of the synod will wait on the Premier, and, if necessary, on her Majesty. Some of the prelates are for milder courses they represent the more peaceable dis tricts ; while the hierarchs of the west and south, who are more conversant with the rising distress, are in favour of strong measures. The Galway guardians cast sidelong looks at that fatal beauty—repudiation. They, however, reject the idea of flinching from their proper debts, but will not impose the three-shilling rate. How ,;l z, the poor-law commissioners will not place the o e i,,,;ay board in a better position than the kindred b ear d s J Bantry, Castlebar, and Enniskillen. Their secreta r y, Mr. Stanley, requests, therefore, that "the guardians will forthwith adopt a scale of rates in accordance with the views of her Majesty's Trea sury." The lighilities of the board to contractors and others are about 7.0001, and the arrears of uncol lected rate about 5,500!. Under such circumstances the commissioners " consider that the interests of the poor require that the guardians should decide promptly on a new and adequate rate." This is the three shilling obligation, which the guardians will not undertake without a threat of the last resort. There is a slight quarrel now existing between the agent of the Society of Friends in Galway and the burghers of the old Spanish town. They are parti cularly anxious to get from under lock and key the corn and clothing held for the use of the society, and circulate them for the relief of rates and taxes. This is all well for the Galwegians, but the society demurs to the application. A time will come when food and clothing are certain to be more welcome and necessary, and it would be both a breads of trust on the part of the society, as well as a sacri fice of the true interests of the poor, if they were to open their granaries in the most abundant season of the year, and let starvation riot in mid-summer. An other cause of complaint against the society is their desire to exchange the fine firer of America for a coarser description of food, and thus to double the supply. In thus there is prudence and humanity, not withstanding the weighty counter•reaaoning of the local papers. THE REPEAL ASSOCIATION.—The usual meeting of this body was held today at Conciliation-hall. Mr. Scully, barrister, in the chair. Four members of the legislature were present. The principal matter brought under the notice of the association wee a report from the committee on the distress of Ireland and its remedy. Mr. J. O'Connell, in this document, which was drawn up by kim, refers to various proofs of the existence of great destitution. He refers to the official admissions of the same facts. He demands 12,000,0001. additional from the imperial treasury for the alleviation of this destitution and the preserv►tion of the lives of the people. The report insists that England can find no difficulty in an advance of this amount, for she ex. pended, in 1813, upon a useless war, 147,000,0001. ; and, in 1815. in the prosecution of the same mischievous war, 174,000,0001. The report passed the association amid ap plause.—Mr. O'Connell referred at much length to the ap proaching meeting of the Roman catholic bishops.—Mr. Scully, M.P., st►ted the important fact that government had forwarded to the west of Ireland already 1,200 tons of meal. The rent for the week wea 371. 3s. 9d. STATE OF TYE COUNTRY:—AU important meeting wss held at Dunmutway a few days since to promote the growth of flax is that much afflicted d is trict of which Skull forme a portion. Lord Bernard presided, and Mr. Marshall, an in erecting officer in connexion with the Royal Flax Improve ment Society of Belfast, was present to explain the best modes of culture, and point out the best adapted soils. The meeting cave to the resolution to form &branch of the Nort hern Society, and most happy results to employment and im. provement are expected.—The public thanksgiving for the bountiful harvest with which providence has blessed us wu celebrated yesterday in all the churches of Ireland. Those in Dublin were very largely attended. REPRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT.—A relief committee in Westmeath has come to the following sensible, and economic, as well as humane resolution : . Cothrre Winneerrii.—At a meeting of the proprietors and tenants of the Collinstown electoral district, held at Colliontown, Oct. 15, it was revolved: "That it appear& that in this district there are 137 able-bodied persons likely to remain permanently unemployed during the emoting winter, who would become entitled to relief, being in the proportion of about one person to.ral Irish acres; that it seems an equi table principle that as the cost of their relief would have to be about equallythared by landlords and terianta, that instead thereof they should be equally divided among thin for employment: that acconlinglyesch landlord will be expected to find employment for an extra man, selected from the above number, for every two Irish acres he possames, for the ensuing Ave months ; and that every occupier of land (whether landlord or tenant) will be expected to employ one such extra man for one sienth for every twenty acre, occupied by him, being in the same proportion clone to each 100 vin for Mc mouths. It In pro posed to make a registry of the above 137 persons, and to allocate them for employment as soon an the general consent of the proprietors and tenants can be obtained. The majorby of the former have already consented, provided that the others will concur. It is earnestly hoped that every one in the district will see the urgent importance of active and Instant co-operation for their own and the common interest, and will not lose a day In giving their consent. SCO TLAND. EDINSTROPT, OCT. 18. The dean and faculty of advocates seem resolved tkat stay Edinburgh fever who may they shall be held guiltless of the achievement. They first refused to yield up the capital sum left in their hands for the erection of Chaliner's hospital: now they refuse the accumulated interest. 1)r. Alison reckons that pre mises, attendance, and medicine could be procured at the rate of 235. per month for 400 fever cases, and for the period of four months the total cost would be 2,0001.; but although the advocates have et least 3,300/. of accumulated funds, they will not advance a stiver. The citizens must, therefore, do all themselves, and as fever has long been a decennial visitant, they should see to it, that, for once, really compre hensive measures should be adopted. One improve ment would be to make the management of the uew hospital popular, keeping it out of the hands of the infirmary managers altogether. Individually, these gentlemen are worthy men enough, but their meetings are all held in secret, and almost entirely beyond the control of public opinion ; they are net the parties to enjoy a monopoly of the medical treatment of the ' poor at a crisis like the present. Dr. Alison has published his pamphlet on the Highland famine. His great rival in pauper econo mics, Dr. Chalmers, published his contribution on the subject in the shape of an article, probably the last thing he printed, in the North British Iterieer, entitled " The Political Economy of a Famine." At the first appearance of the grim spectre, the divine rushed to the press with remedial measures; the phy sician, continuing his diurnal rounds in the Cowgate and Orass-market, watched its distant progress, and now, at its close, brinks out a pamphlet, bending all that has passed into his favourite theory. Dr. Chal mers was for moral, Dr. Alison is for legal, relief to the able-bodied pauper ; and perhaps the truth lies somewhere between them. But, without entering on this quest in rezata, let us see what Dr. Alison now proposes. Like Dr. Chalmers, he starts with Mal thus, and holds that pestilence and fever are evi dences of a redundant population ; that fever prevails most amongst the Irish and Highlanders not entitled to legal rehef, there being 106 districts in Scotland where there is no assessment, and a nearly illusory relief for the poor; that the resources of the Highlands have not been properly developed by capital and skill, and that if proprietors were bound to support the poor on their estates they would find remunerative employment for them rather than allow them to be idle ; that at present the Highlands have a population so redundant, that emigration alone can communicate adequate relief; that the whole sur plus funds might be applied to the due drainage of the population. " Nay, lam persuaded," lip the doctor, " that few would scruple to renew their sub scriptions, provided they had any security that propri etors would develope their resources, and maintain the remainder without further claims on the country. But I cannot think it right that while we have perio dical returns of Highland destitution, a proprietor should be enabled to advertise a property for sale, at the upset price of 48,0001., and to state, as an induce ment to purchasers, that the whole public burdens are 401. a year. See advertisement of sale of lands in Skye, Edinburgh Courant, Sept. 6, 1847." The Edinburgh presbytery has had a special private meeting anent the appointment to the Hebrew chair, and have named a committee to report, first, if a majority of the senatus academical can object to the professor-elect on account of his not having taken the test ; and, secondly, if the chair be a theological one. The practice had wont to be for the professor, after he had received his presentation, to go to the presbytery of the bounds, subscribe the formula, and then, on presenting himself to the senatus, produce his certifi cate of subscription. Bat, in the present case, should Mr. Maerlouall not be asked to produce a certificate, as for the last quarter of a century has been the use and wont, then the probability is that the presiding officer, who is one of the magistrates, will induct. COLLISION AT SEA.—THS DTZAMER VATIODARD AND THa MINERVA.—We (Glasgow Saturday Post) have bet favoured with the following notice, describing a fearful odd don whkk took place between the Vanguard Mande sad the Illlasevs kit ht, off Corsewell Point : Nthigothd eialA lath Oct, i ath.—Tbe Vampish, walk lek Overeat lr Death thatenley about Wirt 4 pow via wards tint ai mar doeux imi thoskso. kaki a light 11 was.pdg at the rata rat thole L l = the add =very ekeloslS thad sad a than am a smith was nos ailed, ow those blow dike lime shod ter. la a tow width deer, the stesorrlin witle Moot to he the liflorwa, NA Dahlia; dr the dam' Edda( Sere seam Weida Cr ole aftelood. A wain mead Ithellatth wile do mow at U. Vaethend did eh Is kir roar to avert do amodow Jade. It wood be Isepadat le ft. scribe the bilks that lid Ike kers et Ow add.' at the that. Os the two von& Ike' meth* the Ma It dU. Misr% wad dn. the denstri lew d the Vathethd awl s =IIIL ease a tirur = m e i s a s real es the sma i re i et the gara. an. IR Mt kabob mdtlr Is lot at the time aids W were athoilly mass Wad la OW isdlit dresses. hawked's ins wok ter tka theft of tht ) ibtorth, but 09 PROVINCIAL• Mr. CoBDEN, M.P., ntsiettlsfirst public visit since his return, yesterday, and as might be expected, it wee to the chief scene of Ins put labours in the free trade cause— the League rooms, Newhall's-buildings. A great number of free traders—it being the principal market day—were present, and gave the honourable gentleman a most grati• fyiog reception. Amongst the leading gentlemen pre sent were James Pilkington, Esq., the new member for Blackburn, James Heywood, Esq., the new member for North Lancuhire, and T. Baxley, Esqq. president of the Manchester Chamber of Commerce. Mr. , Cobden is looking well, though not more robust than when he left this country. Our correspondent says there is no doubt but that the hon. gentle-nan will elect to sit for the west riding of Yorkshire, though at present no public announcement may be made of the fact. PUBLIC MEETING TO RELIEVE THE DIaTRESSED OPICILATIVZI.—On Monday a public meeting of the inha bitants of Warrington was held at the Music-ball, Market place, to take into consideration the present distressed condi tion of the operatives, and to devise means for rendering them assistance. The meeting was called by the mayor, in com pliance with a requisition signed by a number of the most respectable inhabitants of the town. The hall was crowded to excess. —Mr. J. W. Patten, M.P., observed that it was un necessary to go into the question as to tbe existence of the distress, that being admitted oo all hands, and they were only re ! aired to devise the best means of affording relief. A preliminary meeting had been held and various means proposed, and though he was not present at that meeting he would do all in his power to forward the views of those who were assembled on the occasion, by supporting the resolution. which had been drawn up. There were two modes of reaching the evils which existed; one was by en abling the guardians of the poor to exercise a more unlimited discretion to granting relief, and the other was by private subscription, among themselves, to assist those who were not enabled to apply for relief to the guardians, or take advan tage of any relief afforded by them. lie concludedby moving the following resolution : Tat in the opinion of this meeting it is desirable that relief be given to the unemployed operatives, and it should, so far as practicable, be administered by the board of guardiana, under the outdoor labour test order at {urgent in operation, prurient means can be devised of grating such labour as the guardians would be authorised ;ay law to employ the paupers upon. The resolution was seconded in the most cordial manner and carried unanimously.—Mr. G. Greeuall, M.P., felt as sured that the call which bad been made on the benevolence of the public would be liberally responded to, and he should not, therefore, offer any observations as to the necessity which existed for relieving the present distress, but read the resolu tion which had been put into his hands : That, as it seems there are many destitute persona who will not apply to the board of guardians for relief, it is desirable that a sub scription be opened for extending relief to such persona, either by finding them employment, giving 104 opening industrial schools, or otherwise, as might be suggested ; and nun each private subscription should not be given except in special cams, and at the discretion of the examinee, to any person in receipt of piruchial relief. Carried unanimously. A committee was then appointed to solicit subscriptions, co-operate with the board of guardians, in procuring labour, superintending the labour of the persons to be set to work by them, to visit the persons applying for relief, and generally to carry out the views which had been expressed in the resolutions.—Mr. E. West considered that whatever was done would not be effectual, unless the operatives could be employed in reproductive labour, and he, therefore, moved that a committee be appointed for renting land, and employing the operatives upon it ; and that such committee have power to borrow money from parties on the security of the crops to be produced. He considered that reproductive labour would be more agreeable to the operatives, while, at the same time, a system of that kind might be carried out with lea cost to the rate-payers ; in fact, it was quite possible that a profit might be realised by employing the labourer as he suggested. Since 1811 the number of persons employed on land had been considerably diminished, for at that time there were thirty-five out of every hundred so ergaged, while in 1841 there were only twenty two out of the hundred. Those engaged in trade, commerce, and manufactures had increased, but not so on the land. The speaker then proceeded to mention one or two in stances where the cultivation of the land by persons pre viously unemployed bad been attended with the most beneficial results, and on some land of his own at Woolston Milldam, he had produced crops, more especially of tur nips, (some of which he exhibited in the room), which showed that, by proper skill and management, land might be mode to yield a far greater amount of produce than at present. Such advantages ought not to be lost sight of when they were about to expend money for the relief of the suffering and unemployed poor, and he urged his views most strongly on the attention of the meeting.—Mr. J. W. Patten thought the subject one of vast importance, but such an could not be considered at a meeting like the present. He thought it would be better to leave the subject in the hands of the committee already appointed, who would give every attention to it.—Mr. West said that, after the expression which had,been made by several gentlemen, that they would give the mater their best consideration in committee, he would withdraw tke resolution he had proposed.—The Chairman then announced that the subscription, as far as it had goae, reached nearly 5001. TUE MANCIIESTEB SWINDLING CASE.—Charles Walter Fitzclarenoe, an account of whose impostures was given in this paper a short time since, in having obtained goods from Manchester tradesmen, by falsely representing himself to be "the Hon. Charles Walter Fitzclarence, captain of the 11th Hussars," was brought up . for trial yesterday, at the Manchester Borough Sessions, ,on the charge of false pre tences, and pleaded guilty. He was sentenced to 9 months' imprisonment in Lancaster Castle. MTBTERIOUS DEATH DURING INTOXICATION.— The borough coroner of Manchester has held another inquest on a woman whose death resulted from injuries received in a state of intoxication, and whose husband was supposed to have inflicted the injuries. The husband, Thomas Davis, is a publican, and keeps the Dyers' Arms, Lombard-street. On Friday morning, his wife, Ann Davis, a little, delicate-look ing creature, much addicted to drunkenness, came down stairs, and had her breakfat. She had been drunk the night before, according to the statement of the servant girl, and the effects of the drink bad not been entirely overcome during sleep. She took more drink, and about three o'clock in the afternoon went upstairs to join her husband, who was still in bed. She was then very drunk. About five, the servant girl went up stairs, and looking into the bed room asshe wee passing the open door, saw Mrs. Davis lying , upon the floor, with her had against the chest of drawers. ' She went to her, found her asleep, lifted her into bed, and I left her there by the side of her husband. The servant after wards took her mistress some tea, and then left the room till her master had got up and dressed, and she then (at half past six o'clock) found her mistress in moth apparent pain, with her face swelling rapidly. The husband was present, and said to the servant, " Whatever can this woman have been *inking, Harriet, that her face is swelling so ?" A surgeon was sent for at the husband's request; and on the surgeon arriving the husband pointed out the welling' on his wife's face, and said she had been accusing him of having beaten her whilst asleep and drunk. The wife did not re peat the accusation to the surgeon, but said to her husband Get away with you." The surgeon made as examination of the body of Mrs. Davis, and foundthat, in addition to two black eyes, much swollen ' and a lining on the forehead, two of her ribs on the left side were broken. On pressure of the ribs he perceived an escape of air internally, and eon eluded that the featured ends of this efts had perforated the lungs. Mrs. Davis died in a few hone eiterwards. At the inquest, which did not come to a eseriweita till Monday evening, the husband was to wriedy, and the surgeon stated that from a post reorient emailation Ins hand that the fracture of the ribs in the above dmeribed had produced suffocation and death. Questions were put to meertain if the servants in the house during Friday had heard any quarrelling or blows between the master and mis tress. They replied in the negative. The question was rased, also, as to whether the deceased might not have &ac tual her ribs by fa ll ing against something In her drunken ems. Ultimately the jury found a verdict of "Died from a baste of the left ribs, but how received there is no eri dame to show." The husband has accordingly been set et liberty. Revanun OP LIVERPOOL.—The annual stamina of the accounts of the Liverpool corporation was polibbil on Friday last. The net income from ordinary loom amounts this year to 162,2741. 101. 6d., against 147,3171. Su a the previous year, and the surplus for the present year is 16,9501. Bs. 3d., against 26,9071. 17s. Id. last year ; bet this difference is easily accounted for when the extra paella. mentary expenses attending the Water Bill (near 8,0001.), the additional upon the Town-hall (near 7,0001.), nona, ceipt of watch-rates, and the additional expenses at the gag, are considered. Amongst the extraordinary transactions of the year it may be noticed that the corporation have sold dm reversion of land in Great Howard-street and other places. on which they have realised 59,6731. ; whilst, on the other hand, the council have purchased the iiewsham-house estate, at a east of 87,6731. • IRISH PAUPER IMMIGRATION. The Lirerpool Standard says •. The stream of Irish immigration into Liverpool has again set in at a fearful rate ; and makes something is done to arrest it, we are quite at a lose to know how its pressure can be borne. Last month, we learn, from the record kept by the high•constable ' the total number of arrivals was 10,30! persons. Within the last fortnight they have been on the increase; the numbers arrived being 8,639 persons landed up to the 17th inst., or 611 per day against 345 in the previous month. We learn, es en aggravetion of the fact of there being such en Mariam, that the parties now arriving are of the worst class--confirmed pamper and men dicants, the Hon inquiry of moat of wham earWng foot upon our quays is, Which is the way to the parish-o ?' THE CHELTENHAM STAG-110UNDS.—Our sporting friends will be much gratified to learn that the " Queen of Watering Places" is again furnished with a superb stag hunt. The withdrawal of Earl Fitzhardinge's pack from the country has brought Mr. Theobald into the field, and that gentleman has undertaken to bunt the country on certain conditions, one of which is that the town shall subscribe 7001. in aid of the expenses. The inhabitants have already furnished 6001., and the necessary arrange ment; having been made, it was announced last week that Mr. Theobald and his pack would reach Cheltenham, from his residence in Hampshire, on Wednesday morning last. On that morning, accordingly, the new establishment arrived from Northleack, where master, dogs, horses, and all had rested the previous night, and was welcomed by a large concourse of sporting men and others, who had assembled at the Plough Hotel to inspect the " turn-out. The " know ing ones" were to be observed scrutinising the shape, stamp, breed, and other qualities of the stud, 16 in number, and of the 25 couple of dogs which Mr. Theobald had brought with him. It was the mop fair-day on Thursday, and Mr. Theo. bald took advantage of the circumstance to make friends with a large number of the Cotswold farmers, who were assembled on the occasion. He was most cordially greeted, and he soon created, by his frankness and urbanity, a general opinion that in him are combined the thorough sportsman and perfect gentleman. The first meet took place on 1' ridgy at the Plough. Precisely at eleven o'clock Mr. Theobald appeared, mounted on a favourite hunter, and attended by a huntsman and two whippers-in and grooms , capitally mounted and dressed in smart scarlet liveries. He was met by one of the largest fields we ever saw at Cheltenham : amongst them were two masters of the stag hunt in past years; and we also gladly recognised the faces of many old and well-known sportsmen, who have of late made themselves " scarce " in the Chel tenham hunt, as well as an equestrian bevy of beauties. The pack, on passing the Queen's Hotel, was followed by at least 200 horsemen, a long string of earl iages, and a large con course of pedestrians. A fine stag had been seat in advance to Shurdington, the locality appointed for the first throw off, and on being uncarted the animal went away to the Leek hampton hills, and was finally taken at Cubberley farm, atter a long and splendid ran. - • - - - AN ALARMING FIRE broke out, yesterday morning, on the premises of Mr. Parry, cabinet-maker, Chester-walk, Cheltenham, which wu not subdued until much damage had been done. It is said the premises are not insured. BRisTot.—The magistrates were engaged teeter ' day in hearing a charge of highway robbery and attempted murder against a man named James Venn, a returned con vict, who on Monday evening gave himself up to a police man, self-accused of the crime. The proseentris, Miss Ann Loosemore, who appeared very ill, stated that on Monday last, at between 5 and 6 o'clock, she was creasing the rota leading from Knowle to Bedmi nster, known as " Dog " or " Old John's-lane," when the: prisoner, whom she had ob served for some distance walking behind her, jumped sud denly serum a small brook which at one part divided the road, and with a large stick, which she had observed in his hand when walking, struck her a beery blow across the head, which felled her. He then swore he would have her money, and said he did not know whether or not he would spare her life. She begged him to let her get p • and, upon his doing so, gave him ls. 6d., ' all that she had about her. He said he would have more money, and upon her saying she had no more, struck her another blow which rendered her nearly insen sible. She lay upon the ground with the blood flowing from her, but too weak and terrified to help herself, while the prisoner pulled up her clothes, and tore off a pocket in which she had a vinaigrette bottle, a necklace, and some small matters. Having searched her minutely, he made off, first of all threatening her if she dared to get up. Upon recover ing herself a little, she succeeded with some difficulty in reaching a house at a short distance off, the inhabitants of which, alarmed at her state, sent her to the New General Hospital in Gunner-street for medical aid. The prisoner, having heard that she was dead, surrendered himself to polies easstable 206, to whom he confessed that he it WY 1/11111 hot robbed her and maltreated her, and that he gave her the mooed blow to " make her quiet," and hoped he should be " tucked up for it." The magistrates committed him for trial, and upon his being told that the offence waa a capital one, for which he was liable to be hanged, he said that was what he wanted. THE END OF A MARKET DAY.—The body of Mr. James Blanchford, farmer, of Tedburn Bt. Mary, was re covered on Saturday last, having lain seven days in the river Ere. The circumstances are detailed in the following evi dence, given on Monday before the coroner, who held an inquisition at the Moreton Inn, St. Thomas's. John South tett stated that he was the landlord of the Moreton Inn. The doomed bad been in the habit of coining to his hones far mire than 13 years past—generally on Fridays. He saw hint fr om 7 o'clock until 10 on the evening of the Bth inst., s c i= is trith Mr. William Parr, a neighbour, in the room. They were on their horses at the time the 'grew train, at 5 minutes before 10, liaised, and they thea tole away in the direction of their homes. Deemed was sot very tipsy; he was capable of riding ant karats. what he was about ; he had been drinking bow. Theme Otegary, landlord of the Turk's Head Ins, had knows deemessrminy years. About ten o'clock in the evening of Friday, the Bth inst., he came to his house, in company with Mr. Parr. They sat down in the taproom and had two or three pints of beer. At his request they I came into the tradesmen's room, when Mr. Pan tam ed with some of utaaa, _ __ told, a zow the way tolerably well with- • young man, named Braley, for three glu t en of gia and autaa aj ambaaj ;;;;;;;T uabeeu we, and having had a passage water. Mr. Blanehford did not drink half his grog, but at the ex peesa 74 the parish to ttuir own Country. There Mr. Parr and young 13railey drank the ire. Mr. Parr wanted is too mach reason to e ie ljey, t h at ,the bulk of them have not • to tole again, but witness thought they had had quite suffi found their way here now entire:a at th eir own expense. civet, and a."...ind them to go home. They the n got u p on That a tenth part of these people eons. amongst us with any their horses a nd ria.. e up the street comfortably and steadily prospect or intention of supporting thei.Marlem by honest la- together. That was elso!it 1 1 o'clock. In about ten minutes boar is impossible. Since the 15 • 15th of an.:3,7, when Mr. or a quarter of an hour they 7.tuzLerl, and deceased said he Dowling, the high constable, first kept • Ir. of the daily had been robbed in his house. He stewed one or two' e -. i he then apologised, and ordered a gallon of arrivals, 262,675 immigrants have arrive:: id Liverpool, of to b of ie h b a a v n i d ng ib tai eb k e en be li ebe is t p p i o i e rse bee w or it b h is t6 e s e ..l e u b it e , f b e tt b , d o eb n e p ' u pu tti4 whom, with the exception of thou who helm America, and the few who have returned at our expense to and his money; their own country, the bulk are scattered &bon,. the country beer, but witness would not bring it in. Deceased and Pa rr as c l amorous b eggars. How we are to find room for more it mounted and went away together, just after twelve o' c l oc k. b is p n p o eb t ke eas brbg to w see ibter . l e lis fib el d ear e lli p a k t y le e s b h e al fu l e no e tl e ue b: ~ `tie in the —William Parr, farmer of Tedbura St. Ma r y, me t d eceased people. at the Moreton Inn about 'ix o'clock in the evening of the devise a plan for difficult quite Bth instant. It mi s fit be half past eight, or ni ne , or t en Its as to stopping the in"' aiaa, ii. the Irish laadiaria and boards o f woor di ooo per m. tin o'clock when they left \%'hen be got home it might be two forcing it upon us. The authorities of the parish ough ', in the morning. (This witness was evidently is •!want of all however, to bring the subject at once before the govern- time. He corroborated the statement of the two preceding meet. We lave borne our heavy infliction thus far with ' ,itemises, as much as his recollection would permit.) He tolerable patience ; but the most patient will be driven to insi:.•tecl upon it that neither himself or deceased were very kick at last." d rum , . He found him wanting when he got to the al gate, but he continued on the road, think- THE CAREER OF (lIlliON, THE SCCLPTOR.—We Plundb ' minute Mr. Blanch:end would overtake him. have just reared, as one of the permanent ornaments of our dig eves . —James .Lyddon, surgeon of St. Thomas, had seen town (says the Lpool Times) statue executed by one of the body of deceased, which he helped to strip. The clothes the most distinguished sculptors of the day, whose fame we regard as belonging to us,. It may be intervening to our wire saturate ' 1 with water, excepting part of the shirt collar readers to learn a few particulars of his early life and pro- and part of ale 'lse collar buttoned to it, which were partially dry, the neck-tie being so tight round the neck as to keep fanciful career. John Gibson was born in 1790, at Gytryn, out all wet. The re was a layer of clay covering the whole near Conway, in North Wales; and his baptismal certificate, which we hays before in, runs—" Baptised John, son of of the face and goiog bark to each ear and into each ear. William Gibson, of the parish of Gyffyn, by Jane Roberts, There was also clay of the same description in his hands, which were neither dumbed nor quite extended. There his wife, June 19." His father occupied the situation of • gardener upon the estate of R. Griffiths, Eaq , by were no marks of blows or scratches. The countenance was whom, upon his growing up to boyhood, it is presumed unnaturally fall and congested. The lips were closed, and from some manifestation of superior talent, considerable no soil was in the mouth. The eyelids were shut ; the interest was shown in the young Gibson; fur we learn °lm very much gorged wkk blood, sad, altogether, furor's of the vessels of the brain was quite sutti that it was by his advice that he was brought to the furor's Liverpool, only, however, to be bound apprentice to the dent to account fur death. Sias idea vies that the face went at once into a bed of clay, and so he was- mothered. comparatively humble trade of a cabinet maker and in wood, his masters being Messrs. Southwerl and It was plastered "as an apple nude into a duespling, - to the Wilson, of this town. Here he very early manifested • turn extent of two eighths of an inch, and there was great daft for the sculptor's art, excelling in carving and the modelling ditty in removing the clay, so firmly did it adhere. There of smaU wooden figures. The first work which attrac ted was an absence of the usual symptoms of drowning. The notice beyond the immediate sphere of his emplo er's shop inference was, that he was smothered first with the clay, and and his own friends, wasa ema i l model is wax o ry "T im ," came subsequently is the water. The fielding of the body, executed in the year 1808, when the artist would be in his which was seen to go over Trew's Weir about mid-day oa Saturday, and the finding the deceased's horse at the bottom eighteenth year. This attracted the domination of Messrs. of Quay-hill at half-past two on she morning of the 9th T. and 8. F raneeys, sculptors, of Brownlow-hill, who at that ins[ ,was then proved.—William Ratcliffe, constable, of St. time occupied the premises, at present those of Mr. Spence, Thomas's, found upon deceased, in his right-hand breeches who was a fellow-apprentice with Gibson, and has in his pocket, one sovereign and 17s. in silver (the pocket was bat possession the model referred to . The Messrs. Franceys toned up, and the money was in a leather purse), 31d. in his appear to have fully appreciated the ability of the youth ;for waistcoat pocket, spectacles and case in his breast coat we learn that they immediately purchased his indentures.giv. ing the sum of 70/. for them, and employed him in the higher pocket, and two receipts for money paid.—The jury re branches of their own business. Whilst with them he turned an open verdict, "That deceased was fout.d dead, but as to how he came in the water there was no evideuce executed (in 1810) a model representing the Seasons, and a figure of Cupid, both of which were for John Gladstone, t° eb°w." Esq., and are no doubt in the possession of, and highly el'efee:e. prized by, that gentleman. The Cupid is considered one PREVENTION OF RAILWAY ACCIDENTS.—The jury lately empannelled at Wentbourne to inquire into the cause of his finest productions. After having served six years— the remainder of his term of apprenticeship—to the satis- of the death of Samuel Gregory, late an engine-driver on the faction of these gentlemen, lie was noticed by the late Wil- London and South Coast Railway, have addressed a memo rial to the Home Secretary, in which they state— recommendedliam Roscoe, Esq., no mean judge of talent, by whom he was Your memori dints, from the evidence ailducc.4 before them, are de. eldedly of opinion tent the lives of her klaji.ty's subjecs are er.dan. to the patronage of Michael Angelo Taylor, instifti „ e:. „ l : f rtion th b e eing „ giv,:n to Esq., M. P. at the time for the city of Durham ; and he am m cordiegly arrived in London in 1818. He was immediately i ttesta t ie ni ani l l way s u t a.e t i l l o m n g o f f r the nee set to work in the execution of a number of models of that of the driver. , • that it appears to coot au;ariorialisto that mr. • P' enci rtr nes are used abo ut the safety of which a great difßeence of optmon * erdsts, a.d that men are nee:L.l°mile suffered to drive the gentleman's family. An introdunion to Lord Castlereagh followed, from whom he received letters of introduction w t ithout r having sufficient knowledge of their construction, or to Canova, the scut tor ; and in 1820 he started for Rome, `!""-- where he devoted himself to the study of the old masters. V i rt:elut r ille7 That In weeder proper "‘"de of managing "'"' ''' "l7 gourd offainst the accidents li k e to It was here that he first met the Duke of Devonshire, a arise front these causes it appears to your memorialists that no en g in e, nobleman ever anxious and munificent in encouraging native either new, altered, on repo red, should be ..uffenn to be used on y English talen', from whom he received an order for &he railmed, linkess previously inspected and approved by a scientific responsible public officer, to he appointed by government, and that execution of the celebrated piece of statuary, Mars and Venus. The admiration attracted by . this work gained him m wlth P i:u r r: 4"' pete id rt lin permitted ~ act to s a dri r s . e , r u t o o tt li o aresger trains the patronage of the King of Bavaria, one of the greatest nor unless he shoukl have acquired practical experien he ce of supporters of the arts and sciences in Italy since the time of his business, by haviag driven • I gstage-tnOn, on • line of Leo the Tenth, for whom he chiselled several groups, which road calculated to try and call int o action his skill and atten. t_ . _ , ion, for at least eight months, for which purpose he should be li yethut he has thus acquired were approved by the most eminent connoisseurs. Since when he first applies to drive, and that Ye should produce a then his fame has become a patent fact, and many of the t e nsed Italian and English nobility, wi th some of our own merchant cerl' competent knowledg ons e e c end 'nmitu abil c itylo h r ori t t h safe pm lice of his roes. prince!, have employed him, and prize his productions. tine. That your memorialists beg to submit this their opinion to GLOUCESTERSHIRE. your consith•ration, considering that if to guard the public safety it PENANCE.—It having been reported that in come- m ' i dee i r m . " i n 17,7'r , for to l t eg , or iel critic al s c lu t d o , rats to ttergo e an em. twang sequence of a decision of the ecclesiastical court, a young or the atjlities "' Of Olken In h n e g r rfares " ty's n a vy, ; e lm' engineer., n l t and ae. man named Laurence would do penance in Cheltenham tinery, also the Itoyal Marines, and naval engineers is required, the Finish church, at ten o'clock on Saturday morning, lot same security ought to be afforded to the name roue postwar re who haring defamed the character of • Mrs. Lucas, the venerable now, from 'he witildrawmemt of other carriage. from the roads where railways are In use, ore obliged to commit thonseltm to this mode of edifice was filled by several hundred persons at the hour specified. Half an hour elapsed before the penitent ap- c°l " .Y. '" ev. peered, and then he immediately disappeared into the emery room. There, it is stated, a proctor read atone wade nom • paper—an acknowledgment, we suppose, of the elllmme— which the penitent declared to be true, Mrs. Luca at the tame time facing him. This was the commencement mid conclusion of the ceremony, much to the disappointment ei the person, present, who fully expected to see the men ene ' veloped in a white sheet, with taper in band, standing up la the church to do penance. THE BERKELEY TROOP OF YEOMANRY.—We un derstand an application was made on Monday se'nnight, by the lion. Oranticy Berkeley, to the magistrates of Dursley, for a summons against J. N. Belau, Esq , his sergeant, fur penalties incurred by Mr. Balme in disobeying the order of the hon. captain to midge his situation in the yeomanry. The bench, thinking the order should have emanated from the colonel, as commanding officer, and not from the captain, declined to issue the summons as applied for.—Gloucester Journal. 'lnc arts. GIBSON'S STATUE OF lIUSEISSON.—Gibson's second statue of Huskisson, recently erected in Canning-place, Liverpool, is of bronze, and stands nine feet high. The left hand, with the fingers partially extended, is raised towards the head, while the right holds a document rolled up, and resting on the thigh. Critics compare it with Chantrey's Canning, Flaxman's Sir Joshua Reynolds, and Roubinae's Sir Isaac Newton. It is certainly a fine work. Gibson's liel statue of lluskisson, in the St. James's Cemetery, is of marble. A lIINT FOR THE ROYAL ACADFNIY.—The council of the Royal Manchester Institution ha'e announced their intention of opening an evening exhibition of the works of modern artists, the charge foe admission to which is fixed at twopence. UNIVERSITY AND CLERICAL. OXFORD, OCT. 19.—COUPVS CHRISTI COLLEGE.—An election of three echelon on the following foundations will take place on Friday, December 3, Ms., one fur nooses of the county of Lincoln, another for natives of the county of Surrey, and the thLd on Frost'. town/anon. Candidates must be ander IS yews of age, and their testimonials moot be accompanied with a Latin epistle to each of the electors. t.Mnelidatos on Frost's foundation are required to furnish particulars of their relationship to William rust. VACANCIES .—A prebend of Wells, dio. Bath and Wells; vacant by death of Rey. 0. Vanbrugh, D.C.L.—Canonry of Llandevri- Aberartb, in the cathedral church of St. Hasid's; ; plat., the Bishop of St. David's; Rev. It. Bowen, dee.—lleanery, Rural of Upper Sub.Ayrot, dm. St. travid'a; !ter. 1). Bowen dec.—B*lloam B, Essex, dio. Rochester; 342!.; pot., J. B. Hand, Esq. ; Res. T. Hand promoted.—Dinnt It., Pembrokeshire; dio. St. ; with irskienoe ; pat., Thomas Lloyd, Req.; Rey. D. Bowen dee. —Whitchurch R., Pemqokeshlre ; dio. Bt. David's; 1131.; pat., Thomas Lloyd, }is.; Rev. D. Bowen dec.—Balboa-hill P. C., Sur. rey ; dio. W Incheater ; pals., trusters; Rev. W. 11. Mogrklge dec.— Gornal, Upper, P. C., Staffordshire; dio. Lichfield; 143!., with resi dence ; pat., the V. of Sedgley; Rev. S. F. Montgomery apa to a minion in Borneo.—Wk eeoc Pershore, P. C , Worcesterstim ; dlo. Worcester; pats., the D. snd C. of Westminster; Re,. W. H. Mogridge des.—Barlaron C., Staffordabire ; dio. Lieltfield; Rey. E. H. Quicke promoted—St. Godmild's C., Woreettcraltire ; Worcester; Rey. T. Moluseux promoted. NAVAL rORTSMOUTR, OCT. 19.—Amphioo, st•fg., arrived yester day afternoon, Arab and Nautilus last evening, and Recruit this morning, from en experiment-11 cruise. Tit; Amphion and Arab have proved the best vessels, and Arab ix-at the Amphion in light winds' Nautilus and Recruit stood no thaw, The four repels just named are waiting orders at Spithesd—Cambrian, 36, Conamod. Plumridge, sailed this morning for Bembay.—Lightning, et., was paid off and re. commiooloned by the one °dicers yesterday.—lfecate, at., Com. Moorman, on antral at this post front Woolwich, will convey dew pasties to Liobon. NREultivresS, Oct'. 18.—Cygnet and Star are ordered to be got ready with all posoible despateli.—Plover io to be surveyed and re ported 011, it being intended to rig her as a brig, and to hold her in marlines. to mil in march of Sir J. Franklin, if the neat ten or twelve days bring no new. of that °Meer and his exploring party. The Ina whaler of the mama is expected to be Lome mann a fortnight, and by the whalers alone can news be hoped for. —Cyclops is to be rigged, and, when ready for sea, reportad.—bhips fitting out are to be furnished with blare'. life buoys for trial, and the officers oorn mandlag the ships so supplied are to report on the qualities of the muse at the end of a year.—Formidable is to have bee capper re morsol—The new cot for the use of the tack, invented by Dr. S. Duff, is to be supplied for trial to the Asia. Asia is now ready for seo, and will probably sail on Saturday next.—Bleitheiro hag returned horn her experimental trip, and Is now lying to the harbour. ;ADMIRALTY, Oct. 19.—PkomouoN.--N. D. Blenner hamlet tobe lieut.--Arropersomirs. 7 Lieut. and cbm. O. T. C. R. Reed ; MAW'. Areal. C. J. Saunders ; and Clerk's Aid. W. 0. Haller. to Leditaing—Lieut. G. Raymond to Widaloa—ggeat, Rte, and Acting See. Master R. wheetlsnd , to diabiee—Acting ge e . J. maater W. G. Aldrtck, and Clerk to charge B. P. Ikatlicr, to Khmer -Masten . Amiga.: W. ii. Sharp to AM.; W. N om , t o Fly ;J. Chao* to Mew ; J. Molloy to lleeste -Midshipman W. Clark to Asia —learal Cadet J. G. P. Kemp to Bellerophon—Aestst Digs.: First Clam, J. Madge to Witham and Mary; See. Clow, W. Lowther to Conlianoe, and R. Williams to Pinny; Third Claw, W. Hall to Myrtle—AM. Iketswaim: J. Ward to San Josef; J. Patter son to Ply.—Guaner T. Oonoell to Excelleat —F. linable to be tweeting commander of Coast Guard. MILITARY. Posismornt, OCr. 19.—Dralle front the 26th, 66th, 72nd, and 79th Regts., for Gibraltar, and Bath Foot for West Indies, will be embarked at this port about the 23rd I lat., in the Printer Royal transport, now fitting at Deptford; and the 42nd draft in the Beretta Jan. transport, for Bermuda, about the 30th that —The depot, sth Fusiliers, is ordered frorn Plymouth to the Isle of Wight. —The 4th, 2lat, 28th, and 30th Regl.. (the tatter corps on being relieved by the lath Royal Irish front China), are Intended to be emit home from India In the noun of this wason.—Major-Gen. Lord F. Fitsclarence will inspect the 9th and 62nd Regis. at Winchester on this day and tomorrow. tab) intelttstnet. COURT OF BANKRUPTCY. Before Mr. Oceorolesioner EvIM. _ 1317SPENBION or CEETIFICATIL—IN as BROWN.—This bankrupt applied for his certificate, and was opposed by Mr. Lawrence, upon the ground that the bankrupt had made or caused to be made alterations in his books with a view to conceal a fraudulent preference.—The bankrupt emphati tally denied that any alterations were made with his know ledge, and he had met with a serious accideat which entirely disabled him from attending to his business. Alter some discussion, his Honour suspended the certificate for one year, adding, that no fraud had been established. Protection was applied for, andAtranted. Ix as JOSIPH Moans.--This bankrupt, who carried on the business of a woolatapler, at Niethorp, came up to pass his Isht examination, with debts to the extent of 9001., and very trifling assets. The bankrupt was examined by . Mr. lAIITIUMN, and stated that he had carried on his business without books, and he had received 1,4004 since he left off short, all guess una tra H iga c! , !i g r . . p it I : ce d b h u t e l o t t acco ft hp t i h w u p e e n erv ba ta t e th re tt uy e f alance-sheet 7han e would be joh.huw.d:4thekb.et:eohlithurtad: ddend meeting, with peotectson,. in order to . give the bankrupt an opportunity of satisfying his creditors that be had behaved honestly towards them.—Adjourned accordingly. I _ INSOLVENT DEBTORS• COURT. Beam Yr. Commissioner Harris. Arroaxere C. BAIIIISTISRB. — In the cue of the insolvent H. J. Mewbuns, Mr. Lewis appeared to (oppose, but the court declined bearing him, Mr. Commissioner R a m s ob.