The Express. — London, England, 1848-08-12 00:00:00

friend that it . was on their steam navy they must mainly rely for the defence of the coast. The consequence of the intro duction of steam was, that it made their coasts more acces• able to the attack of the enemy. Thee power in sailing vessels was indisputable, but steam placed foreign countries I more on on equality with them ; and the whole of their sailing veer: is would not be able to protect their shores from insult and attack. The expense consequent on that change in naval affairs was now nearly at an end ; anti uring the the ensuing recess he promised that the whole subject of naval establishment would undergo investigation , and eco nomy would be practised wherever it was practicable.on her Mr. CORRY said that when her Majesty was visit on the coast of France four or five vessels were ordered to watch the yacht in which her Majesty railed, in order to fire satires when they came in with it. But although these vessels were under an officer who was well acqusi ted with the Coast, he Wall not able once during the time that the visit lasted to find the yacht. (Laughter.) Mr. COBDEN dissented from the doctrine that the appli cation of steam to naval purposes was a disadvantagees to over this country. This country possessed great advantag other countries in coal and troy—the two elements whi, made up the efficiency of steam. It therefore surprised him to hear th•at tne risult of the application o steam to naval purposes was to place this country in a worse position relative to others. Mr. WARD said that he did not state that steam played them in a disadvantage. But it was the opinion of many that it ma& a bridge across the channel. Mr. COBI)hIN said that if it made a bridge at all it was a bridge ;or them, and not fur the French. It was too much the habit if persons in responsible situations to take alarm at the inii4inaiy superiority of other countries, and to frighten civilians like himself into the belief that they were going to be invaded by other powers. Sir D. L. EVANS said that if there was a bridge there eduld be no doubt that the enemy had a portion of it, and it won necessary to take every precaution in coissequence. The Fr. nch government had a powerful steam navy, and surely our government was obliged to have as large, if not a superior iine. The ton. gentleman (the member for the West Iti hi g i and the hon. member for Montrose, admitting that we ought to maintain our naval suigetnacy, would go on to ilitnii.inli h • navy of the country till they had no ship. et all. That seemed to hint to be very inconsistent. lie much doubted whether either of those hon. gentlemen was ever in a man-fit-war, and yet they laid down the law in the meet positive m inn, r, in the face of naval officers. Ada. DUN DAS said it was their duty to he provided with a proper ft et when necessary. and they would deserve to loge their heads if they failed in that duty. Mr ROBINSON was desirous of saving expense, but dill not think the t they could spare a single ship with safety. Mr. COBDEN thought that the hon. aid gallant member for W.ntiuinnter was somewhat rash in coming to the rescue of the navy or this r cession. lie would measure the candour of the hem gentleman's attack by the expression he made use of, namely, that lie and his hon. friend wished they should have .• no naval force at all." Neither his hon. (How nor hi itinelf hail said auything of the kind, and the lion gentle man hail im right tu mike such • statement for them. What they contended for was, that they should hose some regard to the tax-payers of the country as well as the naval service. (Hear, hear.) He thought the shopkeepers of Westmiriter hed as good a claim to be considered as nava' officers. Atter all it would be well to leave them something worth fighting for. ( Hear.) Sir I). L. IVANS said that he r fermi to the proposi tion mule on a termer occasion by the hon. gentleman, namely, tl a. they should begin by disarming their force, and giving an example to Europe to lower theirs. That proposition he considered to he altogether absurd. The hon. gentleman and the hon. member for Montrose would seem to be the only two valiant men in England , becaus e the y descr ibed every other person who differed from them as being in a state of panic. (Laughter.) Mr. III.; E said the hon. gentleman perverted every thing that had fallen from him, as he generally did. (Laughter.) He had stated distinctly that be desired to see the naeal supremacy of this country maintained. How, then, could the hon. gentleman assert that he wanted to reduce the naval torce to a state of inefficiency ? The hon. gentle. man alwat a voted for anything that would increase the army or navy, but no vote of his was dsstined to reduce the public expenditure; Ile (Mr. Hume) was fur saving in time of peace that they might be more efficient in time of war. (Hoar, hear.) Sir D. L. EVANS said he had alluded to the hon. msm her for the W. et Riling. lie hoped therefore, the hon. member would withdraw the harsh expressions he used to wards him. Mr. HUME made no pen mat allusion to the hon. mem ber for Westminster, but when he saw the use made of sonic observations of his hon. friend by a paper that day, he wished to guard him-elf against being misrepresented. lie believed that the prime mi-.ister concurred is the views of . his hon. friend, an-1 said that it would he better for both I. ranee and England to give on vying with each other, and reduce their pective establishments. He did not make a personal at tack but he would not suffer himeelt to be bearded by any man, or allow hie statements to be misrepresented. Sir 1). L. EVANS Laid that it aas the hon. gentlemta who had attacked him in the most violent manner. Mr. HUME—Not at all. (Laughter.) In answer to Capt HARRIS, Admiral DUNDAS said it was not the intention of the Board of Admiralty to build any more ships on the principle of the Eurydice, as steam-wails were more advantageous. The vote wes then aereed to, as were the following votes : 2i 8391 exs-ensee ni n”..1 91i,stot.,wnges of artificers and labourers employed in the naval establishments at home. 39,2081., wages of artificers and labourers employed abroad. 25,0751., medical gone. 66,5171., miece'laneous naval services. 181,3221, chatters of victualling ships and conveying troops on account if the army and ordnance. 43,6021. for charge s relating to convicts. Agreed to. The chairman then vacated, to resume the chair at 5 o'clock. At 5 o'clock Mr. BERN AL resumed the chair. Sir D. L. EVANS took the earliest opportunity afforded him for assuring his hon. friend, the member for Diontrue , , that hi was a stremely sorry to find his observa tions, dni.ng the morning sitting, had given umbrage to his hon. triend. Mr. 11 UM El said that he had certainly felt offended at be ing accused of ignorance and mi s statement by his hon. friend, but as there WAS not a more placable man in the house than he was. he begged to express his regret at having told his hon. frie 0.1 that his goats ment was a gross perversion of facts, and likewise to withdraw that observation. The next vote proposed from the chair was for the sum of 557,2331 for naval stores. Mr. ELLIOT called attention to • remark of the hon. and gallant member for Greenwich, who had stated in reply to a question from the hon.and gallant member for Christchurch that he " boded the Admiralty bad done with amateur ship builders;" and thin proceeded to vindicate the character of the frigate Eurydice, which had been built by a - gallant ad miral a sear relation of his own. Adm. DUNDAS stated it was not his intention to throw any slar. , aer the ehii, built lay Admiral Elliot, but merely to record ti,, p:nion entertained by the Board of Admiralty respecting nm item' shipbuilders. Mr. HUME resumed the obeervatione which hod been interrupted in the morning respecting the dockyard battal ions, which he strongly objected to. When the report was brought up he should move to leave out the vote of 30,0001 for these battalions, if only to record his opinion. NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY. Sir C DOUGLAS called attention to the unusual course olproceeding by the chairman of the committee of supply not reporting progress, so as to allow those: hon. members who had notices et motion to bring them on at 5 o'clock, when the Speaker took the chair. Lord J. RUSSELL said that he had consulted the Speaker es to the regularity of the chairman adjourning the house, and he Renal there was no objection in point of order; and mno hon. member made any objection the committee had adjourned. Mr. H. BERKELEY said it had been his intention to ask • question of the right hon. gentleman opponite respecting the differences between the engine-drivers and the directors tithe North Wiener Railway Company. Mr. LABOUCHERE said that it his hon. friend had given notice of his intention he would have been prepared to answer it ; and his hon. friend the chairman of the North Western Railway Company wieubi have been present to give some infeernation on the subject. All he could Fay wee. that the Railway Board. ha I no power to interfere between the engine-drivers and their employers, beyond calling the attention of the railway company to the safety of the public. He had received an assurance that the public safety had been 'Off:Beaty eared for by precautions already taken. He hat., however reason to believe that the engine-drivers were in communieetien with their employers, and that the existing differences we re 1 kelv to be cleared up. Lard G. BENTINCK begged to protest against the un usual pre ceding nel-pted on the pros- oecasion, of not re porting p.a, tete in the ordinary manner. Lord J RUSSELL again si.a. that he was ready at once to move that the chairman should report progress, if the noble lord persisted in wishing it. Mr. HUME took his share of the responsibility for having departed from the ordinary course of proceeding. The only 'hare which the government bad taken in it was by acqui escing in the proposal to adjourn the committee for a couple of hours. Lord G. BENTINCK did not desire to put the house to inconvenience, but only to protest agai not the present course being drawn into a precedent. The vote was then agreed to. The next vote was for 326,6011. for cost of new works, re pain, and other expenses. Mr. C01.11)16N protested against the system of construct ing boilers for government steam-vessels, instead of taking them on contract. Mr. H. G. WARD said that the Admiralty would not readily abandon the present system of constructing the vari ous parts of machinery for the steam ships of the navy. Mr. CORRY supported the vote, and combated the , objec tions raised by the hon. member for the West Riding (Mr. Cobden). Mr. COBDEN reiterated his former objections, and de nied that the select committee had given any implied opinion that the works at Keyham ought to be completed. At all events he hoped no further money would be voted except such an amount as was necessary to meet the contracts already entered into. Alter slew words from Mr. Corm . in explanation, Copt. RAE HIS eupportcd the vote on the ground that the construction of basins was essential to enure expedition in the fitting out war steamers for service. With regard to building boilers by oontract, he must observe that if that practice wan adopted, the country would be at the mercy of the coetrectors in time of war. Mr. COBDEN observed, the country was already elepen dent on centraetors tor the supply of 'team engines. THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, ♦UGUST 12, 1848, Mr. HENLEY said the hon. member for the West Riding had not included the whole expense in his estimate ot a million, for there was the additional sum paid by the Indian government. He thought it a great hardship that the public were compelled to pay the higher postage on their India letters once a month, Mr, M'GREGOR said the line of packets from Liverpool to the Urited States fully repaid the expense. Mr. HU tdE would unuert ike to contract to convey the mail from Southampton to Alexandria twice a month for the same amount as was now paid for the monthly convey ance. (Hear, and laughter.) Mr. COWPER said it would not be fair to the hon. mem ber to accept hie very generous offer. He could not do the service for the amount now paid, as the vessel which would otherwise be lying idle at Malta was now sent on to Alex andel. • therefore the only additional expense was the cwt of the coa ls. The vote was then agreed to. MISCELLANEOUS ESTIMATES. On the first v0te,4,t:e231 , part of a sum of 120,9231., for the repairs, &e., o f public buildings ; furniture fur various public departments; cheeps for lighting and watching, and rates and taxes • also for the maintenance and 'epee,' of royal palace , and works in the royal gardens, Mr. V. SMITH complained ot the meaner in which the estimates were brought forward during the present session. What appeared to him to be the result of the inquiry into the naval and miscellaneous estimates, was that there was wanted in the governmental departments of the country a proper financial check. (Hear, hear.) No committee of that house, i yen if they were all as well acquainted with the subject as bin hon. friend the member for Montrose, could control the estimates as well as an executive department. (Hear.) It was the custom to prepare the estimates at a much larger amount than was necessary; but on the other hand it often happened that a much larger expenditure was incurred than the estimates would warrant. A considerable portion of the expenses of the country, the revenue boards for instance, never came under the supervision of parliament. It was very doubtful whether those boards were necessary at all. But at all events a great portion of the expenditure of the country never came before that house. (Hear, heat.) There was one question of importance with which the com mittee had not dealt, except partially—namely, the ques tion of public salari, s. He was of opinion that that queetion should be dealt with as a whole, and nut separate') . ltthey took the report of 1831 as a basis, all they would have to do would he to consider whether the circumstances ol the pre sent day di ff ered from those of MI, as regarded the ex pease% incident to official life. Ile believe d that they did, for railroads end other economic improvements had been ex- I tended since that period; besides that, the tendency of their recent f. gislation was to diminish the expenses of living. I But the largest question of all was the question of the colo nial estimates. When those estimates came under discussion he hoped the hon. gentleman the Under Secretary for the Colonies would be able to say that a greater proportion of colonial expenditure would be thrown on the colonies them selves than was hitherto the case. It should hey the duty of the•government also to take care, when reduced the number of aim" and made superannuation', not to make any new appointments, but to call in such persons from the superannuation list se might be still capable of discharging their duty. lie hoped the tight hon. gentleman the Chan cellor ot the Exchequer would state how many of the re commendations of the committee he was prepared to adopt, and if he rejected any, on what account he did so. Mr. OSBORNE did not keow whether the right. hon. gentleman addressed his observations to the house in his capacity of chairman of the committee, or whether he had been deputed to make them by her Majesty's guy , rn meat, because the usual practice was for a minister to come down and make a atatemert. (Hear, hear.) he report on the miscellaneous estimate was in singular contrast with the report on the naval estimates. (Hear, hear.) It was bare and meagre • in parts there was some pretty writing and a great deal o f bad grammar. (Laughter.) The committee decided on the salaries of the ministers of the crown and of a few clerks, and that was all. The right hon. gentleman would not go into the qua stion of the salary of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, but the committee recom mended the abolition of the Queen's plates in Ireland. A more disgraceful estimate was never submitted to the house. The most opposite things were put together, as Windsor Castle andPhe Hackney Coach-office. Every item ought to ne distinctly set down, instead of which all was con fusion. He did not see why there should he any , distinction between public and private accounts the present estimate was a fraudulent one, anti contained positive mierepreeentstions. He called on the committee to insist on some :planation of the various items. The com mittee evidently gave the go-by t everything useful. (Hear, hear.) Their report, however, recomme niled a more eco comic superintendence of tl.e Woods and Forests de partment. Mr. H. DItUMMOND must confess that he was called on to vote on a document on the present occasion to wetting which it was utterly impossible for him to form any opinion. (Hear, hear.) Ile had no means of forming any opinion as to the soundness of any one of the items contained in the papers before the hon. gentleman who sj»ke las e papers out some extraordinary blunders. Here was onother incongruous it , in all in one line, "far oil, gas, and light in the House of Commons and St. Mar tin's public baths and wash houses." Certain lie was, that many things which were now brought forward in this way would not have been tolerated in former times. He felt so sensibly on these matters, he thought them so de rogatory to the honour of the crown, so tatul to the interest of the royal family, that he should only add to the evil which lie dcp.9,atea by allatt:ng any Itarther to them. Rut ho would appeal to any gentleman in that house, and sett if he would like to have many parts of his own establishment brought forward and made the subject not only of discus sion in that house, hot in every pothouse in the kingdom, end whether it would be a proper way to uphold his dignity to have his establishment no canvassed ? lie could not un derstand how the public servants of the crown, who must be brought into intimate personal relation ship with the sovereign, could allow such things. The Woods and Forests had been alluded to. There was a large property in this country possessed by the e Nereign, not as sovereion, hut as the largest landowner in this coun try. lie knew enough to know now that no one had been so ill send—no one so grimly cheated —as the crown. (Cheers.) But he aid not intend to enter into these things; he merely rose to pmtest against them. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER then roe. He said he nester, within his experience, remembered a speech being made upon the ietroduction of the miscella neous estimates. The reason why items were lumped toge ther was to afford to the house the fullest information as to the particulars for which the public money was required to be paid. With regard to the observations of Mr. Vernon Smith, he assured him he thought the inquiry of the miscellaneous estimates committee had been attended with very beneficial results.. lie agreed with him in his opinion that the real reduction of expenditure must be made by the executive government ; and in the greater por tion of the general recommendations of the report he en tirely concurred. With regard to details, he would not go into th. it consideration now, for they could be discussed as , each item was proposed for thel consideration rot the house. Col. SIIITHORP should like to ask why they were sitting thee , upon the 11th of August ? A greater rigma role—a mere unsatisfactory chaos of a speech than that of the Chancellor ot the Exchequer—he had never heard. Ile had told them nothing ; he had left them to conjecture everything. A bong as large as a church bible was laid upon the [Ode, and they were told to get their facts out in; that as they could. But that would snot do for him. He was disposed to irt there de die in diem, and go into every detail of these estimates before he voted them. Mr- OSBORNE said the Chancellor of the Exchequer treated this subject in the j. unting sort of way in which he usually addressed the house. Ile involve.' the subject in a cloud of words, and in reality said omelet. It was all very well for him to get up in the flath•iii-the-pan and jack-in office sort of way, and talk about the matter as if he was at a family tea.party ; but be (Mr Osberne) called upon him in the name of the public to explain. (near, hear.) Now, let hies ask, what was meant by the Museum of Economic Geology ? Let him ask what was to be done about the royal palaces? Let him ask what assurance was to be given that the estimates should he laid bef re them in a better state next year ? Unless he received satisfactory replies he should divide the house upon the first estimate. Dr. BO WRING should be sorry if it were supposed that the committee on these estimates had made a complete report. It was impmsible that they could do en. Their ex amination w s not into matters of principle, but into quo '- times of detail. No less than 11;5 matters were re f ored to them. Why, the committee was not able to do its outy. The immense mass of matter referred to it precluded the possibility of a satisfactory performaece of their (twits. It was very n rural, therefore, that their report should be con sidered very bare and meagre. He conteodel fur the neces sity of having a central office of Accounts, to investigate. every item, and that every pound that was paid to the state should be handed over at once to the State Treasury, no de partment being allowed, as now, to intercept millions of money and apply it almost irrespon-ittly, rendering in a vast proportion of c ises 1,0 particular account either to the gene ral executive or to the House of Commons. lie was glad to understand that the government was taking meseuri a fur I carrying into effect one very important auggestion of the commilt e, that all fees received by public departments should be paid over in gross to the public Treasury, to be applied by the responsible authorities to the public service. The fact was, that every department of the state would occupy the close attention of a committee, in order to arrive at any satisfactory result. Mr. HUME certainly considered it would have been most desirable to hear from the Chancellor of the Exchequer, to what extent he proposed to act upon the recommendations of the committee. It was a great defect in the preparation of public information Within subject, that the question of sala ries had not been gone into, and this WB9 a point on which he shouid be glad to have the virus of the Chancellor of the Exchequer expressed. There had been a revision of public salaries under the report of the committee of 1831. Many reductionshall been effected, and the house was well diem. ed now again to revise the salaries in all our departments. lie del not concur with. his hon. friend in thinking that the report wan all barren ; he considered that it contained much that was highly valuable. As to the royal palaces, ho had three months since moved for detailed returns on this subject, but he had hitherto seen nothing of the re turns sought. lie fully shared the objections which had been stated to the incongruous grouping of the various items which went to make up the large estimates about to be pro posed. There was one stem, which he would at once specify as most objectionable: the estimate for rents of public offices; these seemed to be perfectly preposterous in several instances. As to the Museum of Economic Geology he was of opinion that, if carried out as announced, this institution would he productive of great benefit to the public. He repeated his desire that the government would give some explanation es to their judgment on the report of the committee. Lord J. RUSSELL did not think it would be a con venient course to apply the example of the Secretary of the Admiralty to the proposition of the miscellaneous estimates. Dlr. HUME said be bad not joined those members of the committee who thought the works at Keyham ought to be stopped, because it was shows that contracts bad already been entered into to a considora'ale extent, and that it was desirable a small basin should be constructed at Keyham. At the same time, he mud say that the works had been un dertaken in a most reekless manner—a proof of this was afforded by the fact that the very ground selected for the site of these works had ta be cleared by the removal of an arsenal or powder magazine, which involved an outlay of 180,0001. ?dr. S. HERBERT nid, with reference to the last point raisid by the hon. member for Montrose, that the site had been selected by the officer' of the ordnance, and the expense bad not been anything approac'ting the amount stated by the hon. member. He contended that experience had proved that repairs and manufacture of boilers could be effected with greater eco-,my and with more perfect durability in the public yards than by contract with private individuals. Mr. COBDEN said be had to apologies for pressing this mltter on the committee, hut he did so under the c .nmction that these works involved a useless waste of the public money. However necessary the works might have been when they commenced, the causes for alarm which had given tin to them no longer existed, and therefore further outlay was not only unnece awry, but unjustifiable. Capt. HARRIS supported the opinion that the repairs and manufacture should be carried on in the government yards, and not executed by isonteact. Lord St YMOUR complained that before the works were commenced an es. imate of the expense bad not been laid before the house by the late and the present Board of Ad- miralty. Mr. S. lIERBERT said such had been the cue u far as he was concerned, for he himself had moved the first vote. Mr. MILES deprecated the system of annually increasing votes for works of this kind, without the probable cost of the whole being first submitted to parliament. lie, however, felt called upon to support the recommendation of the select committee with reference to the works in progress at Keyham. Mr. WARD concurred in the recommendation of the eekct committee that the plans for works should be sub• mitted to parliament before undertaken, and the present Board of Admiralty was prepared in future to act upon it. After a few words from Mr. Coupes and Mr. W•RD in explanation, Mr. HENLEY was also of opinion that great works ought not to be undertaken without a clear estimate being first submitted to the house. This had never yet been the practice, and the system ought to be amended before the neat year. Mr. lIUME thought that annual accounts should be taken of the gIIS.AIIIV of timber in the dockyards, as WAS the practice it. Intl,. Ile was also of opinion that the number of stations for taking in this timber should be reduced and simplified. Mr.WAIU) feared that the frequent taking of stock would he a tedious and expensive p rocess It gener ally took sixty , Labourers six weeks to take stock of the timber in any of the royal thickyarda.—Vote agreed to. 579,7401. half pay. Capt. I'ECHELL took that opportunity of calling the attention of the committee to the ease of the commanders and lir utenants in the navy on the retired list. The hon. and gallant member read an extract from a petition which had been }resented by the etticers in question, complaining that they were comples ly shut out from promotion, while at the sums time their retired allowance was not in proportion to that of the captains, He (Capt. Pechell) earnestly corn mended their case to the attention of the house, and trusted that something would he d o ne for these neglected but most ' deserving officers. As a mode of providing a turd for the increase he asked hoe, he suggested the appropriation of the weight paid to her Majesty's ships for the conveyance of specie from various parts of the world. It amounted to about 30,0001. a year, and be thought it could not he better employed than in augmenting the retired allowances of the commanders anti li,utenants. Mr. WARD said that although his hon. and gallant friend had acquainted him with his intention of bringing this subject before the use, he bad not given any notice of the expedient he intended to propose far providing a fund. He (Mr. Ward) feared that the freight of specie from the Pacific was too fluctuating a source of inc , ime to be calcu lated on for retired allowances. He should not however lose sight of the suggestion. After a few words from Capt. HAURIS, Mr. HUME quoted a return, showing that since the date of the order limiting promotions in 1830, iioo captains bad died, and that agreeably to that order only 105 ought to have lieen promoted, but that no lees than 36a had received pro. motion. Of commanders 315 died, and 685 had been pro • looted instead of 105. Of lieutenants 1,019 had died, and 1,224 hail been promoted instead of 372. These were the I things that kept up the dead weight, and it was useless to talk of economy or retrenchment so long es that system con- tinned. Mr. COBDEN expressed his regret that the hon. secre tary to the Admiralty resisted the tecommendation of the committee to r. duce the number of !telecasts. At the com mencement of the war with France they were only 69, now they were 150. It was very hard he knew to tell officers that they had no hope of promotion, but they were hound to con sider the interests of the country and those who paid taxes. It appeared to him that the remedy was to be found in the recommendation of stopping the ittlux of youths into the navy. That was the only way of getting rid of the difficulty. Alter a few words in reply from Mr. Wkum the vote was agreed to, as were 400,2881. fur military pensions and allowatmes. 151,010. ~...en• 611,662/. for the packet service. Mr. W. COW 1' ER said (in reply to Mr. Cobden) that this charge was entirely for Post-office purposes. Mr. H EX LEY complained of the exorbitant cost, 200,001. a year, of the conveyance of the India mail. A committee of the other house hail inquired into the matter, and re ported the possibility of making a more economical arrange ment. At present it was not well managed, the responsibi lity being a divided One. Mr. COWPER said the contract between Suez and the East Indies acil China did not expire till lot Jan., 1853. No doubt it was very expensive ; hut no alteration could be ef fected till the contract espir. d. In each successive year it was probable the cost of conveyance would be lessened, as the facilities of travelling were inmeared. It had always been the practice of the Admiralty to contract for this ser vice; but the parties who tendered were very few. Mr. MONSELL urged the importance of establishing a line of packets from ono of the western ports of Ireland to America, whereby the time occupied in the passage to Rah lax, now nine lays, would be reduced by 36 hours; an ob ject. he conceived, of sufficient importance to claim the at tention of the government. Railway communication now extended to Limerick ; but he would not advocate its claims to the exclusion of the other western ports. Mr. COWPER said the matter would not be lost sight of by the Admiralty. They had for some Lme thought the port of Valentia would he most suitable for the purpose. Ile did not anticipate that the pa-sage to Halifax would be re duced below eight depend a half. Mr. U. HERBER r advocated the claims of Valentia to the consideratlin of the Admiralty. Mr. ANS FEY hoped that Castletown would not be over looked. Mr. HEN LEYrepeated his question, whether any steps could be taken to secure a better and more economical ma nagement of the India and China mail. In extensive con tracts of this kind, unless a prolonged notice were giver, the matter was sure to become a monopoly. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said that no fresh arrangements could be made for three years, and of course it was impossible for the government now to say what arrangements might then be possible. Other competi. tors might materially reduce the charge of conveyance. Mr. HENLEY complained that his question had not been nnswered. The contract on this side the isthmus of Suez would expire very soon, and he hoped the governs ant would not deal with it so as to prevent them from dealing properly with the whole when it did expire. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said this question was totally different from the one ate hon. gew le man had originally put. He had now put a plain question, and should have a plain answer. The nest contract for the conveyance on this aide the isthmus of Suez would be made to terminate at the same time as the other part of the contract ; so that, in future, the whole subject might be considered et once. Mr. HENLEY expressed himself satisfied with the answer. Mr. HUMS said that one of the Southampton mails to Alexandria bad b.en discontinued, so that now passengers could only go by that route to India once a month. Govern. nu nt had put on their own, boat to Malta, which was more expensive than sending the mail twice a month from South ampton. Mr. COWPER said th • alteration had teen made to save 15,0001. c year, and he won surprised the hon. member should complain of that. (Hear, hear) No extra expense whatever was incurred; the 15,0001. a year had been paid for sending letters by a douh . e route, which wa s wholl y un necessary." The letters were now carried from Malta in a government vess-1, instead of a contract vessel; but that did not increase the cost. Mr. HUME contended that the people of India had a f right to complain of the alteration, whereby they only re- ceived their letters through Southampton once a month. The saving of 15,0001. was paltry in comparison with the convenience of such important colonies. The CHANCELLOR of the EX.CHEQUER said that no mail communication whatever had been taken off. The old arrangement was th..t letters went overland to Marseilles twice a month, and joined the packet at Malta. This con veyance continued ; and under all the circumstances it had not been thought necessary to continue the packet twice a month from Southampton. As to the proposed packet station on the west of Ireland, the government would give the subject their best attention ; but he could give no posi tive pledge as to the time when it would be carried out, u considerable expense must first be incurred. Mr. MONSELL observed that them was already a rail way communication to Limerick. Dr. HOWRINO complained of the heavy postage on com munications to the East. A letter to Egypt cost Is. 6d., while one to Calcutta or Hong-Kong wan only le—the cost being 50 per cent. more for only hall tho distance. (Hear.) Mr. COBDEN said if these amounts were considered as payments for the Post , ffice service merely, the cost was most enormous—nearly a million for the whole packet ser vice. f Hear, hear.) The sum of 240,0001. was paid for the Went India service alone, while the return from postage pro bably would not reach 50,0001. When these contracts ran out it would be worthy the consideration of the Admiralty whether the cost could not be materially reduced. Mr. GOCLBURN said he had predicted that these ar rangements, made for the facility of conveying mercantile correspondence, would be veryonerous; but he had been met by the assertion, on the part of those connected with corn. mercer, that the expense would be more than compensated by the benefits which would be conferred on other interests. He had no means of knowing whether such benefits had been realised. gerlaedatlyaewtoualedt. t b il es e lanh y aipd, c: ; : todl a_ s:. ni, fi. ' ize tb il., i , L :u..... - Zt... 4 which h im p p a o ra te ly n ee t ethearneryhis minister,conelusi e u r n e . 71 ---.4 1e „....„,.._ l f am ear e w an ht d peace e ble the naval estimates with a general statement es loo ta k b r isb arri me r n e t at of and the emaperfect,smallest tie, dimensions, undouleted but ly, capably in its detail's but t w i st wee n0t..17 meete,at of being swelled out upon emergencies into the truly parliament, and almost every public writer when a., department was homogeneous . e bad t h e case with the miscellaneous estimates, The efficient and the formidable. One of the results of the real evils of Ireland come in to question, t et -4 0. perfectly convenient coupe, beceuse the . Admiralty reference to • a min different departmen first estimate, for example, having relation to t details between nations, is, that each truly appreciates the Ireland, only th ere th T w h m e e prefacing ius great increaDeof,communication and mutual knowledge tongue. Or sa id of , power and resources of the other. Of old, at was neces- one vital point in the constitution of e t „ lel and whi e Forests , might hbeia requirednoble respectingco u d it, tfitly whilegi y n y an h" l y e . e w ee : respecting the particulars of the second estimate , , wh ic h nary tokeep fleetsand armies . in full number and equip- exists in Ireland—the te he n r ur w e tt o h f related to the criminal law commission, would have t tin order to protect and deter. N ow, a k now led ge wit h sol d iers , blo c k a d e h ho n men answered, not by his noble friend, but by his rig t_. of the fleets ancreirmies which a nation can send forth, confiscate newspapers, and imprison ro l m e'`,7l l l friend at the bead of the home department. It would, discuss serves the same purpose. And we admit this in ' out trial under a Habs Corpus 8 therefoer, be obviously the only convenient noirecorse to . mas it occurred. He quite 'arced propriety practice. There was a time when, without forty sail Act—these things are ee ry; but t u° ` — ‘ 4 o Ortitraitnesferring many of the items now paid out of the in the Mediterranean, we should have considered the the clamour of the men who cu e --4 consolidated fund to the columns of mit etil "" h il l power of England as menaced or annihilated in those the sale of land to pay the debts of t h e "Illt estimates, gal he should be prepared, in c o e neurr e eizzit e h seas. Ten, or even less, are now considered quite con- prietor a "confiscation of all the land of IrelandSt right hon. friend to make not s e e r t L ary l 8 0:17 ' his v pYnciple Y could sistent with our graedeur and security. We had 167 thing which cannot be risked even to get red e o - pees next semiee, but he no Ifthe h was to De allele be applied in ev case. ouse armed yowls afloat in 1835, wi,h 20,000 men ;we main source of Irish misery and Irish d' °I •-• matfett* called upon to consider a ll the estimates of all the depart- have now 235 vessels, with 40,000 men. Are we pro- together. And Sir Regime KANE, although ments there would be no time left tea legislation. He regarded 1 i iortionately more formidable—more respected ?—This privileged, like a minister of Mete, to be igt 0 7 1ei t the report of the committee as containing a great deal valuable matter, and as being • in full as tinder the mecum- is , the question. Or are we receiving the value of his business, can propose nothing as a remedy 4 for n could have been expected. The subject of salaries the difference between the four millions expense in land but to instruct the people in agriculter 14 ' .antes d c b e e s en considered by the committee of 1831, and the co n- the one case, and the eight millions in the other ? any quantity of instruction in fannlng would e: ea rie• of the heads ot the various departments had, as he con- The great desideratum to be arrived at in the i people improve their farms who, on his own oboist ceived, been settled at that time to the galls. navy is the elasticity of expenditure and resources, , hide their money in the thatch, f9r fear, that if 6.: faction of perliament. Any questions, however, on ee the rent! 1 0 0 •the ite m under discus. a capacity to enlarge into a war establishment. not a mockery to talk of doing any good to the this subject could he answered as the items occurred k with ping them . within the smallest amount consistent landlord knew of it he would raise -4 With respect to any suggestems as to tion, aa the committee had expressed a wish that it should e co we may say, is not attempted at present- Nor Bantry of a country in such a state of tiftogs r o t noble 0_ could it be done without a much greater assimilation Who can expect agricultural improvement where e s ; thatin i t e h f e u j e e , r , i ee n a t. b et 1 the naval and commercial service. At present the rent depends on the good pleasure of the 1 d is estimates, eeh o uldle. h et i : done . Mr. BANK ES said that the de-lay which had been corn- an k o a ; effort is to separate and distinguish the merchant sea- and of euch landlords ? in ing the estimates could not be charged on b' friend f w m o t u h l ert o a re k take at large r plaioed of pats • • 1 the boute, for they hail been submitted to examination sefore men from the royal seamen, and to render the officer Yet Sir HOBERT K.tee writes wrongly and 41 6 various c ommittees, and it was that which had caused the other one degraded, by . making himself useful in the while confining himself to generals present dilemma. The estimates before the committee con- o The consequence is,that as far as the personnel The landlord (he says) has to learn that feudalism k tained some very doubtful items. He would not call them of our marine is concerned, there is no elasticity finer ; that Great Britoin and Ireland are the only O leo % disgraceful, but he must say that the mode in which the the world where feudal londlorefism is not coma. mat whatever, and we pay per year 40,000 men to be accounts were presented was very inconvenient to the house. where the people are still slaves, and that there IC; He observed a charge made for the Pavilion Palace at ready to fight, who never light, and who, if Hi -- —ey very , large and intelligent class who think that the tine Briehton which was ot noose to the royal famely, and which earned their bread in the commercial navy, would close at hand for reforii.ing landlordisra here also oya u.ight to be converted into money tor the public service. be better seamen, and as valiant combatants. landed interests of this country, shut out by their i nt o, There was also a cherge of 1,4101. tor taking up and cleaning • 'his great question was not, however, entered Position, by their ignorance and their pride, from li t h e . and fur renewing the mats which covered the floor of the themselves acquainted with the forces ot thouent that I Q on by the comm i ttee , which, thunderstruck by the house. He also observed very large sums charged for the rent grown up within the last nalf-antury, and which now of temporary offices, which he thought might be packed immense expenditure incurred for fi g ttin out a steam the opinion of Europe, will only endanger their b o ni to more cloudy t og ether, as well for the sake of convenience, navy, were induced to direct their efforts chiefly to influence and position it they attempt to retain t ot t e tf ,,,, t as on account of economy. There was a charge of 1,7801 for stopping that terrible leak from which oozed thou- the feudal privilege. and territorial powers whi•h Im o o a repairing the ruins of an abbey, which he should be glad to natural social circumstances of tha aucient times. E no o sands upon thousands of the navy estimates. have some explanation of from the noble lord. the hospital fur the aged and disa'ile ; Mr. COBDEN, who directed his animadversions Irelan d, feudalism,d tl• • d ides ' Lord MORPETII Raid that the estimate had been pre- • • Europe, an the ivine power of land, it dym o ..* sented in the form usually adopted of late years, only a little chiefly to this point, is singled out as an object of i ts worn out form crushed by the iron power of the inters more in detail. He admitted there were good grounds for fierce attack. His economy is stigmatised as revolu- sp i r i t the recommendation ot the committee that the annual tion, his love of peace as a surrender of British might; This is excellent; but, unfortunately, Sir IL lem charge for repairing each palace should be pre- and his vote for the ballot, coupled with objections to does not mean it in the sense in which itbe aerated separately, tor it was highly unjust to the • can 0 1 sovereign that it should be supposed the outlay charged was having the navy estimates swelled from four millions any practical use. For the old, worn oat then incurred for the royal convenience, when, in point of fact, to eight millions sterling, is set down as a diabolical which he so justly repudiates, that landlords hive the the public convenience alone wets consulted. With respect and dangerous scheme for imitating America, ditties and are entitled to the rights cf governors, le to the Porilion, it was the intention of the government to and, of course, establishing torthwith a federal would substitute the doctrine that land fails underlie dispose of the site and the materials, and if it should he found republic in this country. It these be the - arguments same roles as any other article of commerce, and the that art act of parliament was necessary for the purpose, the • ) bwhich a monarchy is to be strengthened and a re- neither law nor opinion has anything to do with A. proper notices would be duly Reeved. With respect to thes s charge of 1,7t401. for repairing Lastercost Abbey, that was public eschewed, monarchy would be in a bad way. mode in which the owner manages it fur his oes for restoring the roof which had fallen in, and it But, for our part, we consider constitutional mu- interest. was deemed proper to preserve a ruin which presented narchy as quite compatible with very strict economy A landowner is simply a dealer in land—a I:nadir:tell, some of the finest remains of antiquity that were in the and with complete independence and equality of the has, either by himself or by his ancestor, invented his N od posmaion of the crown. (hear)) 'lnc charge also included or his skill in land ; he hires out the etc of it to terms franchise. Were it otherwise, we might indeed fear the cost of It. opine in repair Carisbrook and Carnarronpart:es, who pay him therefore, so they pay for the an Castles, which likewise presented valuable specimens of the contagion of revolution. for their clothes, or the furniture for their rooms, 'Mae archaeology. With respect t i the elt.,ree for temporary We will not, however, deny the possession of a err- merely the right, but the plain duty of the landlord ;t, ceps offices, the Woods and Forest. had re csieed orders to pro tain consistency to those who exclaim that the navy the highest p osible I rice he can for his land, and to cage vide accommodation for certain department., and the hon. must be kept on a war footing, and who declare that the payment of that price by law. member was aware VAL house rent in the neigl,bourhood of England is the object of spite and fear to every other We will not comment on this absurd notice il Whitehall, where it was necessary the offices should be, was not very moderate. nation. „ duty," nor will we discuss the question—Hes Mr. V. SMITH said that he had been accused by eth " There is not a Frenchman," says the Times, nanny of the 8,000 Irish landlords ever did, t ithe :by hon. member for Lincoln of attacking the government, and " who does not believe that every man, woman, and themselves or their ancestors, inves. any icles( by the hon. member for Middlesex of defending them with child in England is busy scheming how to wound "capital or skill," in their land ; because w e d Mill regard to the present estimates ; but he begged to say he France in this her hour of peril and distraction ; and allow that the right of property in land in the had done neither. It appeared to him, from the nobie lord's statement, that the charge for Lanercost was for building a hardly any political act of this country will f ail t o day ought not to depend on the manner in which tie new ruin. pro v oke invidious reflections or to justify hostile land was acquired centuries ago. But we do say eut Cal. Si BTIIORP Raid he saw among the items a heavy preparations." this theory of the purely commercial character of em- Col. for the railway commission. Now he was anxious to We believe this neither of French men, women, or tracts for land, wherever else it may be applicable, dos imow why, if the enormous expense of a railway commission h . l • c. i nren. 'the idea is, in fact, but the reflection o f not and cannot apply to a country in the cm: hoer! was re ces-ary, the p ilways did nut ay it i The present g overnment ra had come into office as themselves an economical what the writer and too many Englis hmen think and situation of Ireland. The contract for rent, in In government, hut nearly all of them had belied that character. say of France, and which the diatribes and malevo- land, is not between the landlord and a milk (Hear, hear.) lence of our hateful press create against us in farmer, who is able to take care of his o . vn interest Mr. ANSTEY complained of the absence of details in the America and in France. Unfortunately these and makes no bargain but such as he believes tab estimates. lie objected to the house being asked to vote effects of individual malevolence are strength- commercially advantageous to him.Thelrish landlords away money without beingoa the same time furnished with an Account of its expenditure. He thought that they should ened by our public attitude, by our arma- contract is with a peasant labourer, who eultima have sonic means of testing the nation.' expenditure similar merits, our panic, our captious and exaggerated not for profit but for existence, and who, if he met to what had been possessed by the Court of Excheuer until comparisonsand rivalry with foreign armies and navies. obtain a p iece of land, has no choice but beggary a it was tampered with by the administration of 1 1 834. Ile It is these things which have the tendency to make the poor-rate. It is not peasant farming thatisa hoped that before thecommittce sat again government would us a CAIN among-t nations, with all of their hands iectionable ; on this point we wholly agree with Sr give them Rome means of testing the merits of the various estimatet submitted to them. against us, and our band against every one of them. It. KANE ;but peaotnefarming in an over-prele Sir It. INGLIS, in reference to the large irems for It is against this that Mr. Cremes exclaims—it is country, and at a rent fixed by competition, Weill( rent, said that there was a large and unsiehty area of un- this he would remove ; it is from this position of to be the main cause of all Ireland's evils. The ea occupied ground in Dowoing-street, and he thouuht that the " hatred, malice, and all uncharitableness "that h e petition of superabundant numbers makes the tenser best use that could be made of it would he to erect on it a would extricate the truly pacific, generous, and unen- Promise, and legally bind themselves, to pay normal sulistantial set of building. for the use of the various commis be appropriated to the erection of a foreign- clout+ England. rents, exceeding not merely their means of payees , sions, or it might office more suited to the foreign business of the country than We can conceive but one phase of continental but the ” entire capabilities of the soil. On the "cue the present unsightly edifice. polities', which would necessitate or warrant the mercial principle the landlord could sweep away tie At. ram LOCUS; wished to set rho hon. and learned inert-two of our naval establishments beyond the last potato ; and the only estates in Ireland Aid member for Youghal right on one point. If he looked at the li • of This is, arelation of limit peace.rivalry and znis- are exceptions to the general wretchedness are ens estimates ilk would find a statement of the disbursements of the post year. understanding between us and France. There is no of which the owners, abandoning the commie Mr. ANSTEY explained that what be had asked for other power whose hostility upon the seas we may principle altogether, have taken upon themselves tfe were various accounte which were referred to in the esti- not safely wait for. Naturally enough, when we tenant's side of the question as well as their own, al matte hut not produced. allied with France in 1831, the government of this have considered, not what the tenant will offer, be Mr. lILIHE objected to any grant for court - houses in the country allowed its naval force and expenditure to what the landlord ought to accept. Tee path, Isle of Man. He thought that this c ointry had no right to provide such structures nor the prop eof that island. subside. In 1840 we unfortunately therefore, is interested, and very greatly se came to Dr. BOW Itl NO Raid that the revenues of tee island were augment it. And, perhaps, when Lot'ts Pill- in the mode in which landlords mane quite sufficient for all purposes if properly administered. Llitee was on the throne—when he had come to their estates ; and if it is their genes. The vote was agreed to. a close understanding with absolute powers—when practice to manage them on a system of which all the 10,0001. for enlarging and improving Buckinghaen•palace. t h e l eague w i t h Austria against Swiss, and with we gee in Ireland is the natural result, it will not th Mr. OSBORNE hoped the. the original estimate would not he exceeded. There was one point, however, on which ussm against Grecian, It • G • freedom was accomplished , to say with Sir It KANE, that " it is the simpler*: he was anxious to get information. Ile saw an item set —when England stood alone in its li beralism of an owner of land to sell or let it at the highest down for pulling down the marble arch. That arch against continental ultra-monarchism—and when the price the market will afford." It is time to revert Is had cott the t h e 80,0001 and now it was about to be Prince DE JOINVILLE wrote of' the beet WIT tO Just principles, and to regulate the supposed rights( pulled down the house had a right ta know what was to be Kettle our merchant vessels—then eerhaps there W as an owner ot land in ruck a manner as to make it at done with the ruins. Lord MORPH I 11 hoped that the w he re ooud grant means some excuse for adding a million to our naval ex- least consistent with the essential coudit•ons of is. fur reerectireet the arch in some place he it would be an Pendtlore ; but now that France, befall what will, dustry, prudence, and material comfort, in the ornament to the metropolis , cannot possibly be found in the ranks, or tendencies, agricultural population. The vote was agreed to. or plots of Eastern absolutism, what need can there - .. 8,4101, erecting a palm-house at Kew, be for frightening Europe with a steam navy of 50 Mr. OSBONE objected to the vote being in excess of - the original est ß imate. as vessels and aO,OOO horse-power, in addition to 20th Lead DIORPETII read a statement showing that the armed sailing veesels ? number of visitors had vastly increased, and that there had been 64 acres added to the gardens, together with a most ic ' terestinit museum. Mr. B. OSBORNE was satisfied with that statement, as , far as it went; but the noble lord did not explain why the increase of expenditure should have been so great —nomin -1 ally stated at 2,900 e., but in reality upwards of 8,400/., showing a false return to the house. Lord MORPETH denied in the most distinct term that there was any mis-statement in the return justifying the hon. gentleman's remark. Atter a general conversation, the vote was agreed to. The next vote ot 4,2341., to defray the expenses ot tempo rary accommodation for the houses of parliament, was, after a few woros from Mr. °tenon:es:, agreed to. The house resumed, the Chairman reported progress, and obteined leave to sit again on Monde) , next. In answer to a question put by Cl. Stet:Hoar, The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER mid he should propose to take a committee of supply on Monday next, sod to go on with the miscellaneous estimates. NEW BILLS. Leave was given to introduce the following bills, which were severally brought in and read a tint time :-01. the motion at Mr. C. Lewis, a bill to authorise the inelosure of certain !Ands, in pursuance of a tpetiol report of the lode,- sure Commissioner' fir England and Wa es.—On the motion of Mr. Hume, bill to repeal an act of 9 ec 10 of her present Maje sty, for making preliminary inquiries in certain cases of applicutions for local acts.—On the motion of the SOLICITOR. GENERAL, a bill to amend the low for the trial of election petitions; and on the motion of Mr. PARKER,* bill to amend the stet 10 & 11 Vic., c. 9. The house adjourned, at a quarter before two o'clock, till noon or. Monday. FRANC PARIS, FRIM V, 11.10 as. The Insurrection Committee hasexprowd, through its reporter at the tribune, its opinion and desired'st certain parts of the evidence and documents whid were brought before th, m should be withheld fro publication, hinting in a manner provokingly chew at the nature of this part of the eridesa This mystery makes the assembly and the paid only the more curious to know the tucure of this fit bidden evidence. Curiosity has even taken the Wit of the official disclosure ordered by the assemble. hi announced in the journals that one of the malaise documents which the committee desired to withhold from publication, is a long letter written by M. es Lamartine, from which it results (sty the jouredd that the conductor, not the lightning, had not dap the affinity which has been attr.buted to thus; 13 other words, that this manifesto is a v hemeat ego demnation of the ultra democrats with whom Idis Lamartine, at a later period, formed so close on slow The Messager says another series of let en vs found on May 15 at the residence of M. &brier, tbs signature to which testifies an incredible intiodylt tween the most active agent of the policy of the red flag, and the personage who, at that period, " 114 in the *yes of the country, the personification of COr trary ideas. A special commission has been appointed ti Mew tigate the application of all moneys paid to the offical of the Ateliers Nationattx prior to their disso;utiou. The Minister of Finances signed yesterd ,y a dop with the Northern Railroad (Anpany, w , ich pod• pones for two years the payment of the first '24, 0 00 ,0 of francs of the debt of the company. 'file surplw d to be paid at the rate of 4,0011,1100 of trance I Yos after the expiration of the two years. The CC* pony, on its side, postpones th wills °Pe the shareholders fur one year, and &Per time the calls are to be made in small podial. The committee on the bili for taking the Lyons Ili , way yesterday heard the Ministers of Finalise sod Public Works, and the three delegates of ate oi. pany, who set forth the painful situation of t he eat pany, and stated that it is absolutely impossible fct it to continue the works. the e S c T o A n T e E s • Wet a radios W , vr "", Art s '. corresponding g E i l te lA m N s ti of o t F h ! . l ll ,r . c k , N e C d E io n ,t p . t c c i a .l : ti g ._ „.. lo, ..6 o l 2 Aug. 3. mustraTvEs. r • o s Capital Capital of new fused banks 23,1150,0 n0 0 23, 110 ,_ . Reaerre Reserve of new fused banks 2,900,630 11 2, 2 1; I Reserve in real property Bank notes in circulates:l 306,340,400 0 307, 754 4 r, Do. Branch banks Bills to order Amount current of Treasury, Mate: 21,660,109 14 1„ , „ - , , ,-G 31 Divers accounts current 72,991,941 24 , r,, 4 ' l , i 5 Accounts current in the branches Receipts payable at sight Receipts parble at sight in the branches Drafts o 4 bran* banks payable by bank 4,1450 2n + Drafts of bank mains by branch -4,6 If hanks 104I 0 4 , 3 Dividends payable Bank of Algiernsum n 1,109 633 19 1. not yet invested I mo di in Treasury - bonds Discount, threes interests, and ex 1,713,.5 40 b.. 0 4, 15: ,5, 4121 1 : 1 5.41,30 II perms 770,020 7 0 Discounts and divers tatetwts in 01 548 braneh banks fte.discount last half-year ....... Ditto in branch banks Sundries ------ 616,9,10,3 7-9 5.50 6 13 5 93 ; 112 15 TIIE Journal (like Agricultural Society of Ireland for last month contains an article by Sir ROBERT KANE, entitled, "The Large or Small Farm Question Cooside.ed," in which be promulgates his sentiments on the economical condition of Ireland. The reputa tion of Sir ROBERT KANE, and the public position hick be has held, give a sort of scientific, and at the same time official, weight to his opinions, and therefore common sense and common arithmetic, coming from him, may carry an authority which, on the wretched subject of Ireland, they seldom obtain by their intrinsic merits. The clamourers against small holdings and the division of the land may per haps give heed to him, when he proves by figures that small farms, in the existing circumstances of Ireland, are a necessity ; since on the large farm system there would 6 employment for no more than two-fifths of the present agricultural popula tion, the other three-fifths becoming paupers, jo be supported from the produce raised by the la bour of the former. Perhaps, too, such an authority will be believed when he says that a small farm (meaning not the thirty acres of the Farmers Estate Bill, but farms of from ten to fourteen acres), " will always," when the skill of the farmer and his ap pliances are equal, " produce more, acre for acre, and pay a higher rent than the large farm ;" and he sees no reason why the appliances should not be equal, for there is, according to him, among the cultivating I classes of Ireland, " a vast quantity of capital which would be rapidly drawn forth under a proper small farm system." "If the real circumstances of the small farmers of Ireland be looked into, it will be found that the investment of a capital of from 801. to 90/. on a farm of fourteen acres" would be by no mears beyond their capability. " There exists," he continues, " amongst our poorer classes a show of poverty beyond what even the reality would justify. They are afraid to let it be known they have money, lest their rent should be raised ; they are afraid to improve their land, lest their rent should be raised ; they are afraid to wear good clothes, lest they might appear to be deriving more front tf e produce of their farm than the miserable means of physical exis tence which their landlord will allow them to retain. Hence the money hid in thatch and hived in barns. hence the secret and illegal deposits in savings' banks in fictitious names." the erprtoo. MAILS. The West India Mails, excluding Itermuila, Nassau, Haranrta, Honduras, Ni.w Orleans, Vero ('rue, Vanunou, and Porto Rico, and ltadnome those for Madeira, j. 1111.1, Cariliagen Santa Martha, Ctourrs, Went Coast of South America, sod St. Juan-chs Nicaragua, will be made up on the morning of the 17th August. The mails for Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Cadiz, and Gibraltar will be made up on the:morning of the 17 tb Aug. The mails for British North America, and the United Mateo, will be mane up this evening of the lath Aug. The overland mails for Gibraltar, Malta, Greece, the lonian lelands, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, llonplifing, and China, ria Southamps ton, will be made up on the evening of the 19th August. The overland closed mails, rio Marseilles, to the Mediterranean, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, Hong-Kong, Sic., will be made up on the evening of the 74th Aug. The mails for New South Wales, Van Diernan's Land, and New Zealand will be male up on the evening of the 31st August. The mile for the Weet Coast of Africa and Madeira will be made nip on the evening of the 31st August. The mails for the Brazils, tie Weer Plate, Monte Video, Eernams bum Boit; Alaileira, and Buenos Ayres, will be triode up on the evening of the 4lb September. NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS. The number of STAMPS issued by the authorities of the Stamp-otbee, during 1847, to the DAILY NEWS was 3.447,000 This, we believe, is within eighe por rent. of the number esued to the Morning Bernld, Morning Chronicle, and tirAnirser PO3l, ALL PUT TOGETHER. In addition to the above, issued to the DAILY NEWS, "orninq raper, there were issued lox the Evening Edition, IRE EXPRESS 778.714 \PS•.iJi was more, we believe, than were iasue4 either to .t Gtet•e or Standard, Evening Parwrs. It is hardly possible, we should think, for the most exclusive admirer of English farming to read this paper, and continue to believe that the most available remedy for Irish poverty is the clearing of estates and consolidation of small farms into large ones ; and if the writer is correct in his opinion that there exists in the hands of small farmers sufficient capital for car rying on " a proper small-farm system" in such a manner as to yield, acre for acre, a greater produce than that of large farms, the road to the economical regeneration of Ireland is sufficiently plain. The reader who has followed Sir ROBERT KANE thus far is anxious to know how, in his opinion, this " proper small-farm system" is to be arrived at. e are sorry to be obliged to tell him that, on this subject, he will get no help from Sir R. KINE. The evils Sir ROBERT can understand, bat on the subject of remedies nothing can be more LONDON. SATURDAY, AUG. 12. Tilt: expenditure and development of our naval force and establishments must be based upon one of three conditions—a state of war, a state of peace, or a state of fear and precaution. That which we should Cad a , Cub 1, gills 0 . BLIP pp. do Advato Adydn Aqvan br idVan Advs. Mock Stock, _ po: A he el