The Express. — London, England, 1851-06-09 00:00:00

Vie ervreoo. TO COXIMPONDENTO. • Mori Seeks Tea Tapes." *PPM Ike Pie Poiere pum."y pelibbeil every Toady eel Pride: *IMP. Is Pe tee poi Om armor Weeded for "The Esp.." Leedom Reeder pep. Pit be at the tele., N. Do. mw. W Toe VP* am Übe DIOR WATER AT LONDON BRIDOB . Ts Dam—Maselssi. lOC hlob. Tawassow—likesdis Ifika.........Atreres. I lb. 41a. LONDON, MONDAY, JUNE 9. Tuz world would be surprised to learn, and incre dub pus tu believe, tile small and trillingcauses which at times suffice to set the governments of great states in mutual suspicion and hostility. In old times these sentiments were excited by any supposed derange; ment of what was called " the balance of power. Now it is for influence at other courts, that govern ments arc supposed to strive, and on account of which arise the most serious bickerings and jea lousies. France and England have had ill blood be tween them for years, on account of their struggle for influence at the courts of Madrid, Athens, and-Alex andria. Not that either country has made any pro fitable use of the influence, when possessed of it. Still such influence, even when barren, is supposed to he power ; and those big children , states men, fight fur it. Such mutual jealousies between great countries for small and trifling causes arc, however, much di minished, much more dormant. Governments have something more serious to think of at home. It is only when third parties invent stories, blow a spark into a flamc,and get up intrigues for special purposes, that theme quarrels break into anything serious. When Russia was last year annoyed by the junction of the French and English fleets at the Dardanelles, it took revenge by the English and French envoys to quarrel at Athens. At present the great mandot, and intriguer, and stirrer-up of old quarrels is Prince SCHWAUFSDERO. And his peculiar de light is to make suggestions and tell stories calcu latesl to awaken that dormant jealousy which every Frenchman has of England. Indeed, to make France and England disagree, by getting up some counter part of the Greek squabble, is the grand hope of the new Holy Alliance. There are circumstances which afford scope for the working of this malevolence. In most oriental coun tries there has ever been a strong rivalry between English and French ideas, English and French modes of civilisation and ways of enrichment. Thu French bore awry . the palm in the science of war and the organisation of armies. And hence old Mr.ursecr ALI of Egypt, fur example, employed French officers to create and discipline u military force, just as III*NIISET SING did. The result was, that Egypt, like the l'unjaub, was induced to try its strength against England; and this ended in the discrediting ofthe old military plan of founding and swelling an empire. Since then, Egypt, like other countries, has betaken itself to the ways of peace, in lieu of those of war. And the consequence is, that it is now us prosperous under Aunts I'Acut as it was exhausted under MEIIEMET. Mi.olltEr ALI no doubt worked many great sad beneficial changes in Egypt, but it was merely us an administrator, by the severity of his laws, and the vigilance of his con trol. But of late much deeper reforms and popular improvements have taken Owe. Thus, in the tenure of thu soil, MbilExibr Abi's necessities and severity led him to charge a much higher rent than the cul tivator could pay, and on nonpayment he was dis possessd or made over as a serf to some new lord, in general, one of the court. To disposaess these new lords of the buil, who became defaulters in their turn, and to restore the land to the peasant as his own property on the payment of certain and moderate dues. one-third less than the old, has lieu the care Or ABBAS PAM& 1V lad the MBAs have thus been restored to the right that the military system degraded them from, the system of disposing of that part of the produce paid us rent (for rent may be paid in kind), hos been altered for the benefit of the dealers. Under the old administration, and that of AKTIM BET, the produce of the soil thus procured by government, was mono lolised and distributed by favour at arbitrary prices. t Ls now disposed of fairly, by public bale, to the highest bidder. And all the old causes of complaint with the bireign merchant have been removed. Such policy Las borne its natural fruit. The ex pats ul Egypt have greatly increased. That of cot ton word has risen from 200,000 to 400,000 mtg.. within the last two years. That of flax has doubled; of wheat mum than doubled. And in sum, the value of the entire exports has risen, since ABBAS PACIIA'S secession, from one to two millions sterling. In another column we give, in a tubular form, amounts of the present trade of Egypt from authen tic sources. blot in the eyes of certain European politicians there is a terrible drawback to all this prosperity. It has been achieved by English principles. It is the result of free trade, tenant right, and a host of lilienil and suspicious thins. policy has bccu sieigestill by that horrid English mercantile race, who norm give advice without a selfish design. And maordiiigly Prince --ktritWAIL7.I.:NBERO represents A mias l'seita as little better than an English constitu tionalist. And the diplomatic agents of the prince hate pointed out ABBAS PACIIA as a more decided enemy to the Porto and to France than ever was Mtn kurr. The Turkish government have conceived jealousy. and under diplomatic pressure, have made the moat unwarrantable demands upon Egypt. France. under the enlightened M. BAUOCRE, u In clined to abet these demands. And Aunts PAM% is menaced with a hostile league of idiotism, because he bus dared to square his policy by tho rules of common sense, common honesty, and common humanity. For these: it seems. are all crimes, on the scare of their being all English! WHAT a narrow escape the Itoman catholics of this realm have had from more stringent restrictions than the kmient and unavoidable ones of the Eccle siastical Titles Bill, is evident from two of the divi ssWis oo Friday night. Au amendment, awarding a penalty for the introduction of any future bull or reiseript, was rejected by a majority of only 4, 133 votes against 1.2:1; and that majority was obtained solely upon the representation of the difficulty of getting at those who really did introduce the papal document. The other division was on Sir FREDERICK Me at:nes proposal to throw open the liberty of prose cutions under the bill, but to render it neces sary to obtain the permission of the ArroaNcr- Ocvnltt.. Could such a provision have been maned to England, no doubt it would have been carried; but to leave at the option of belligerent parties in Ireland the power of firing such a political petard as a prosecution under the present bill, was felt to be too dangerousi and equally dangerous would it be to throw on the ATTORNET-CleNelLtL the onus of either thwarting or encouraging the religious passion and vindictiveness of the hour. A few speedies touched, but refrained from laving bare, the impracticable state of things in Inland, where for the last years the efforts have been made , to introduce mixed protestant and Roman catholic functionaries. On the bench, and in the magistracy, men of both creeds are intermingled. That such inter mingling and uniting of religious differences should extend from the administrative order to commercial habits and social relations, will be the only way of pacifying Ireland. This, however, will beimpiseible if the ecclesiastical profession and its leaders promote exclusion, and war, and vindictiveness. For the end of this will be, that the Roman catholic functionary will be impossible. There is Mr. Mose O'FElam.t, the ex governor of Malta, who takes the same view of Italian politics as Prince SCIIWAEZENBERG, who thinks that Italy was revolutionised not by misrule, but by Lord PALMERSTON, and who thinks that the I attempt to (ores the Popo to grant constitutional liberties lea heresy. Catholic laymen, who are so priest be-ridden and besotted as this, can evidently no longer bear office under the government of a free and constitutional people. And if the WHALES, through their power over the lower orders, continue successful in browbeating the liberal sad educated classes, and forcing them to join the =crusade, we must say frankly that it would irepos Bible to maintain the mount constitutional and fire. system d govessment in Ireland. Ireland must be ayar bd =zo t i rt=rieets wi l h ar that kind of. stitutional government must be restored to its in fluence. The present dispute is one that goes infinitely farther than either titles or churches. Ireland is ungovernable in freedom as long as protestant and catholic, or as long as the English government and the catholic continuo at open variance and engaged each day in mutual and mortal defiance. The present straggle has even worse peculiarities. The aggression was commenced by a foreign power, under the control and at the suggestion of other foreign powers, oat of revenge for some supposed liberalism in Italian politics of the English Foreign- Adm. So that, in fact, it is the whole foreign poli ties and influence of Europe that has come to con centrate its malignity, and shed it in this religious controversy, to irritate England, arid make Ireland a Hungary or a Lombardy. The Roman catholic of England and of Ireland ought to have been too national, too independent, to allow of their being overborne and thus made the playthings of Austrian or Roman bigotry and priest craft. if there be not a lay and liberal, and tho roughly British or imperial catholic party in these kingdoms, the accord that has hithwte prevailed cannot go on. Catholics and pro- U.stants cannot share political power, if k is to be used as a sword in the hand of the h nat ic leaders on both sides. The present excitement cannot be long continued or much exasperated without the English and the Irish people being called up and kindled, and drawn up with angry passions, threatening each ether. This is no till than a renewal of Csoirwm.es wars; and we are clearly approaching such a (Thal, for questions ace arising, and modes are employed of testing and sok ing them which are mere appeals to numbers, bluster, and s ioleuce ; and the end of arguments such us these is civil war. There is too little prescience, too little dread of such a calamity. Legislators seem to think such things impossible ; and they arc al lowing the countries to dritt towards it, some of them absorbed in zeal and passion, some in indifference and disgust, and deeming that nothing very lead or extreme can come of it : whereas, in reality, the end of such strife must be open violence or civil war. No government can allow itself to be dethroned by the 31.1IsLcs; and the followers of M'llm.E go so far as to say that to prohibit them assuming princely power or territorial titles is persecution. Nothing but blows or penalties can restore the em pire of pence and law between a people and a govern ment at such an issue. And if a rational catholic party do not show itself, a tory and a persecuting ministry in England will become inevitable, because it will come to be desired by even liberal men. As the ultra-Catholics of Ireland have met the legis lation of the present ministry by all the outcry and frenzy, that passion is capable of, what could they have to oppose to a STANLEY bill? Argument and vituperation they have exhausted. The Irish would have nothing left hut to take to their tents ; and either sneak out of resistance, or risk the fate of SMITH O'BRIEN. There is hut one event or combination of circum stances in our political world that could render poo .,ible a government farmed on the principle of ultra tonism ; and that is, the prevalence of the M'IIALES in Ireland. Every one would feel that they would require all that was stringent and dictatorial in the onstitution and in the country to put that down. FRANCE. PARIS, SATURDAY ETRNINO. The composition of the committee of the revision, and the debate in the bureaux, absorb public attention. I send you below a sufficiently ample report of this important discussion to enable your leaders to discern the opinions of various parties. M. Base has been elected a member of the com mittee of revision by the 15th bureau. Thus there are seven members in favour of the revi sion, and seven against, while M. de Tocqueville is neutral. In the discussion the members of the club of the Ituc des Pyrxmides, repre sented by the Duke de Broglie, M. IMontalembert, M. Moulin, and M. Dana, declared in favour of giving the amplest powers to the future constituent for total revision, except in the matter of discussing the fundamental question of a return to monarchy. They were also in favour of maintaining the law of May. The moderate legitimists would adhere to the motion of the 232, but expressed in larger terms, so as to admit the discussion of the question of re storing the monarchy. They also adhere to the law of May. There is no shade of difference between the opinions of the fusionists and those of the modera!e legitimists. The ultra-legitimists, through the organ of Laborde and Laruehejaqueliii, call for the repeal of the law of May. M. de Kerdrel, a shade more moderate than the preceding, wishes the law of May to be retouched. The party of M. Thieni, whose opinions were expressed by Croton. do Mornay, Piscatory, and de ltemusat, reject revision, us pat forward by the Rue des Pynimides, as a covert means of procuring the prolongation. But still they leave a loophole for adhesion, under condi tions which are not easy of fulfilment. Generally, the Left oppose all revision. The party of Oirardin will consent, however, if the law of May be re pealed. One of the features in the important operation of yesterday which has most struck public attention, is the election of four members of the Left on the com mittee—Cavaignac, Jules Favre, Charnui, and Chars manic. More than GOO representatives were present in the bureaux. Of 543 voters in the fourt en bureaux who appointed their committeemen, about 291 were in favour of revision, and 232 opposed to it. The speech of Al. de Falloux has attracted much attention from the outrageous violence of his attack on the Dijon speech. The answer of M. Faucher deserves attention. Odiloa Barret spoke in favour of revision. M. Thiel", since his return from England, talks much about the figure which France makes in the London Exhibition, and is confirmed by the su periority of tho French articles in his anti-free-trade doctrines of revision. M. Dupin, the President of the National Assembly, was to leave Paris yesterday for London to visit the Exhibition, and to return the beginning of next week. Montalembcrt is the clearest exponent of the views of the most powerful faction of the majority. Ho is for maintaining the law of May. Ile deems it useless to proscribe limits to the new constituent, as no earthly power will prevent that body from dealing as it will with the constitution. Although pre ferring monarchy he feels that France is too revolutionary at present to admit a return to that form of government ; and since the country seems doomed to the republic, he would have the re public as good as possible. But, above all, let the nation assert the full exercise of its sovereignty. The opinion of M. Moulin, who pronounced in &- your of total revision, was equally decided as to the folly of limiting the mission of the constituent. He regarded revision as necessary, because institutions which had been assailed by such a series of blows front public opinion, ought either to be confirmed by a fresh sanction, or altered. The election of the 10th December, the petitions of the Councils-General, the petitions now pouring in from every part of the country, were demonstrations that must 'be answered by revising the constitution. Where so much was to be changed, to restrict the change was impossible. Therefore he was for total revision. In the third bureau, M. Coquerel, a member of the tiers-parti was in favour of revision, as he felt assured that it would lead to a fresh popular sanc tion and confirmation of the republic. M. Poujoulat, an ultra-legitimist, desired total and legal revision I with abolition of the law of May. M. Casimir Perim wished that the motion for revision drawn up by the committee should neither specify nor exclude, but be as general as possible. He was opposed to a single chamber, and wished to give such a fresh I organisation to the executive power, as would re move the incongruity of exorbitant power coexisting with mean restrictions. In the 4th bureau, M. Yenisei, a legitimist, declared in favour of revision, and adhered even to the Duke do Broglie's motion with certain reserves, but protested against foi -1 lowing in the train of the President, who placed himself at the head of the revisionist movement. M. , Creton would not support the Duke de Broglie's motion for revision on account of its Twenties. These who wanted revision ought to openly their want. He had always been, and was still in favour I of two chambers, by which he would have tho pre . sliest elated. The monarchic parties were too THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, JUNE 9, 1851. divided to intandsoe the monarchy; the moderate repo& was the only form possible. But before =V amp le isich a g . k. tte revision ' could w re-tieta l blisli t b ll y . he would sign it wi ll initr , . Ise bo remaining under the re 11l . the powers of the President. M. de Italzet , against partial revision, and ha haw or enacting the question of monarchy or the feesnblic. He was in favour of reforming the law d Way. He would vote for a more precise form of the motion of M. do Broglie. M. Emile do (Ira& would vote for revision on condition of the repeal or the law of May. M. Leo di Laborde insisted upon the same condition. M. de ltcmusat dwelt upon the heard of proceeding to revision, without settling clearly beforehand the nature of the changes desired. Ho was for strict adherence to the law. If revision were voted, he could not disguise from himself the conflicts which would agitate the party of order in the election of the new constituent. M. de Laroche tinc:dlin adhered to the opinions expressed by M.M. e and Oirardin. In the 3th bureau M. de Mor nay declared against the proposition of de Broglie. He had supported revision previously, but now re canted his opinion when he saw that the result must lead to the personal aggrandisement of the president- Henceforth he accepted the republic. He estimated the signatures of the petitions at half a million, and did not consider this number sufficient to indicate a preponderance of public opinion in favour of revision. M. Casa-bianca pointed out the necessity of re moving the causes of conflict between the two powers. For this the nation must be restored to its sovereignty. The country desired republican insti tutions, with the stability of monarchy. M. Emanuel Arago drew attention to the personal end concealed' in the motion of M. de Broglie, which merely aimed at the abolition of the article prohibiting the re-elec tion of the President. In the 6th bureau M. Barthe lemy St. Hilaire spoke against revision. He examined the different sorts of revision desired by the legitimists, the Orleanists, and the Bonapartists and denied that any of them could ameliorate the present condition of France, whose distress was not owing to the vices of the constitution, but to the bad policy of the government. M. do Flavigny, as one of the 232 who had signed the proposition of the Duke de Broglie, was in favour of total revision. Ile wanted two Chambers, and a veto in the hands of the executive power ; but he was in favour of maintaining the republican form. M. Desmousseaux de Givre opposed revision in a strong anti-Ilona partist speech. M. Luca ze had signed the proposi tion of the 232, but no a republican. M. do Mega ville was surprised that the advocates of a measure so fraught with hazard as the revision, should be found among those people who were most desirous of quiet. Ile expressed surprise that revision was not called for by the mountain. Nevertheless, he was disposed to vote fur revision, because ho saw that public opinion was decidedly in favour of it. He did not judge from the deceitful criterion of petitions: but there was a general feeling throughout the coun try that the only remedy for the evils suffered was to get rid of the vices of the constitution. The only way of controlling . that feeling was to go with it. Ile would vote fur revision on condition of his being assured that the object was to consult the entire nation, and so arrive at a legal and pacific revision of the consti tution by the means therein indicated. But he would favour no project of revision, which was merely a mask for upsetting the Republic by a coup dritat. M. Baroche stated that the govern- meet did not deem the moment ripe for min gling in the debate; but it accepted the motion of the 232, and like them wished to restore to the people the plenitude of their sovereignty. M. Dare explained in the nth bureau the intentions of the 232 signers of the present motion. They saw the danger of returning at present to monarchy, which could not be done without civil war. But since France was chained to continue, at least for a fresh term of four years, under the Republic, they wanted to get rid of those defects in the constitution which made the system work so ill. To do this a total revision was necessary, as it was impossible to foresee to what extent one change might draw on another. Therefore they wished to restore to the people the full exercise of their sovereignty, that the work ofthe new Assembly might have the plenitude of the national sanction. Ile did not wish to blame the former constituent, but circumstances were now different, and it would be highly blameable not to use the means which the con stitution afforded of revising it legally. M. Berryer sup ported total and legal revision. He wished to main tain the law of May. lie would vote for the propo sition of M. de Broglie, but expressed in the largest terms. If the constitution could not bo revised le gally, he was resigned to it as it was. In the dth bureau, M. de Coreelles advocated revision on the ground that it was desired by the country, and ren dered necessary by the faults of the constitution. Ile protested against coups-d'etat, which could only lead to perdition. M. Placatory, in the 9th bureau, made a violent anti-Bonapartist speech, and rejected the revision as put by the petitioners. Return to the monarchy by the vote of a constituent assembly he thought chimerical; and reform of the constitu tion by the same body he thought problematic. M. de Fallow( made a violent attack upon the speech of Dijon. which he stigmatised as calumnious and false. M. Leon Faucher said in reply to this angry demon stration : -- ---- - The government has not taken the initiative in the pro position submitted to you; it belongs to the Assembly. The government thinks that the constitution should he revised ; it unites in the wish which it considers as being that of the immense majority in the assembly and in the country. But until the moment arrives for the public discussion it thinks it its duty to act with great reserve. The bureau will, therefore, permit me to confine myself to this declaration of my opiniou without entering into further developments. What has been just stated by the hon. M. do Fallout obliges are, however, to reply. There aro hero three members of the cabinet funned by the President of the Republic on the 20th Decembcr, ISIS. My hon. friend M. du Falloux has there left souvenirs which will never be effaced from my memory. These souvenirs give me the right to tell him that the policy e ith which he inspired the cabinet of the 20th December is the issue as that which animates the present ministry. M. de Falloux is mistaken as to the bearing of the speech delivered by the President of the Republic. At a solemn moment when the country had its eyes fi xed on him, the President was obliged to explain his ideas. Ile was compelled to say what he was and what he was not, separating himself equally from a past which would not return, and from a chimerical future. The President of the Republic has been often and un justly attacked ; ho makes use of no reprisals. He explained himself as to his ideas, and committed no act of aggression against persons. The hon. M. de Falloux declines for himself and his political friends any kind of joint responsibility with retrograde doctrines. I accept from my heart this declaration. I always thought that he belonged to a generation which was necessarily impregnated with the spirit of the age. I will add that, far from re jecting the co-operation of the hon. M. de Fulloux and of his friends, we call fur it with our wishes and our efforts. 1 The govetnment proposes, before all things, the union of the two great powers of the State. Far from wishing to divide the majority, it labours to strengthen and to extend it. It believes that the fasces formed by the friends of order is not too compact, and that society requires all its force against anarchy ; it knows that the great shades of opinion, of which the majority is composed, differ in some tendencies, but it also believes that these opinions have still more common tendencies, and it would reproach itself if it said a word or did an act which might compromise that accord on which the safety of all depends. M. de Broglie expl.uned that his object was to have a fresh Constituent Assembly elected, with powers as ample as those of the constituent of 1848. But he and his friends did not deem it opportune to moot the question of monarchy. They did not intend to impose in advance any limit, say obstacle to their rights; all opinions might be prepared to it. Did it follow that in the idea of the signers of the pro position it would be opportune and well to bring in qua ' tion the very principle of government? They did not think so. He was not a republican, he feared that this review did not accord with the manners or sentiments of the j country, but he firmly believed that all present attempt of 1 monarchical restoration was impossible, that it w ou ld l ea d to anarchy and civil war; sodas he preferred the republic to anarchy, be abstained from all efforts whose end would' i be to overthrow the republic, he only made one reserve, it 'I was, that the republic itself should not be civil war and anarchy. But because he was convinced that the constitu- ' ; , lion contained within itself the seeds of these two plagues it was that he demanded it should be revised. : In the 12th bureau General Cavaignac said— He smell sets spinet the revision, and refuse it erste =Waft bsme the partisans of the monarchy, they of the peengedea. and the men who wish to or . I Loam dee mil& as a asmarchy, demand this revision. i 1 He did set as oemdedge the right to demand a monarchy. The emery will May bate Nth in the republic, when it believes the President am easily be changed, the country mast he.., die, and it was f or this insane that be was op [ peed te peregetion, apart from tbs question Of confidence ia the }soma of the Preident--madence which he had I net. As w these who profess to ameliorate there public, , they even a door to its eventual overthrow. He rejected, therelbes, completely all idea of revision, Precisely because ted ! ' ft was demanded by the three clouts of opiates he had }ela est. In the 14th bureau, M. Mole observed that— Verses hs had not Mimed the proposition for the revision of the othilitiniothrtsentod to the Assembly, he approved it completely for two reasons. First, because the coun try danade it imperiously. The country thinks that the- ethatitution does not permit it to repose in security. It was made very precipitately. The powers it has constituted are placed in a permanent state 'of conflict. lie had voted it because at the epoch al which it was made it was a guaranty for society, but ho was never satisfied with it ; he adopted the greater part of the amendmuns proposed by his friguls. These amendments were not adopted ; thus when tte time ap pointed by the constitution itself has arrived, it is quite na tural that he should demand its modification in the sense of the ameliorations ho wished to in troduce in IRS, and which were rejected by the first constituent assembly. Thus, far from being in con tradiction with himself, his present opinion is on the con• trary only the consequence of his first votes. The second reason for which he thinks be should express a wish for a revision of the constitution is that if this wish be realised France can declare her will. If the republic be confirmed by the new Assembly, it will have a force it never yet has bad. Whatever may be the result of the decision of the new constituent Assembly, all opinions will gain by it. SCNDAY EVINING. French politics are so pregnant with the unfore seen, so subject to violent and sudden change, that results apparently the most important to-day may be totally effaced by the combination of the morrow. It would therefore argue but a shallow judgment of the situation to despair of the Mae of revision because the Assembly has thought proper to begin by blow. ing cold upon it. Dc Tocqueville says that ho is persuaded that France will have revision ; his opinion is that of an impartial observer, who repudiates the deceptive criterion of petitions. What France will have, no Assembly, however respectably comporA. will long dare to ° deny. The very reluctance evinced by the representatives to throw their parties into the arena of public discussion upon the foremost and most urgent of all questions, will tend to irri tate the impatience of the country, and to redouble the external pressure upon the le gislative body. So obvious is this result that one is almost tempted to believe that the Dijon speech was a calculated explosion to betray the As sembly into collision with public opinion. If so, no bull was ever goaded by a picador to a more suicidal charge. There cannot IN a stronger evidence of the extent to which the decisions of a deliberative body i may be influenced by passion, than the conduct of the National Assembly , towards the President. When irritated, the former boils over with impatience to re sent the provocation. Its nominations, its manoeuvres are dictated and guided by instinctive vengeance. Changarnier's insolence is received with deafening cheers ; the irascible Daze becomes the choicest questor; all Bonapartiats are sent to Coventry, and carefully excluded from the boards of the bureaux. Mole, the pattern of moderation, is postponed to Charamaule, a pink republican, as a member of the revision committee. 1% all Franco wants is withheld, because it may advance the per sonal interests of the President. Meanwhile the rival power of this susceptible aggregate is represented by a man calm by temperament, armed with self-control by exercise, and driven to dissimulation by necessity. *hen hardest hit the President is most reserved; • when he strikes, policy, not passion, 'guides the blow. His game is to subdue the Assembly or to crash it. If he cannot mould it to his ends, he has no resource but to break it, or to perish iu the trial. Ilence a double system of operations, one of which is directed by his ministers and the other by hinLelf; and while the head of the executive thunders at Dijon, the cabinet is all apology at Paris. The de bate on revision in the bureaux proves beyond all doubt that the reluctance of the Assem bly to revise the constitution is their objec tion to prolong the powers of Louis Napoleon. The speeches of all shades, of M. de Falloux, of Gen. Cavaignac, of M. Creton, and the other standard bearers of fractions, all betrayed this jealousy of the President. They will not come out to fight on open ground, because they fear to be beaten. So long u this fear exists and is manifest to the nation, whether it be founded or no, it will tend more powerfully than any other mewls to bring about the result appre hended, and the prestige of the President will grow in proportion to the apparent dread of the royalists e.nd socialists to submit his claims to free discussion. Hence, the present phase of revision ought not to be regarded as a symptom of weakness in the govern ment, but as a confession of impotence in the coalesced opposition, which dares not set its shoulder to the wheel, and lift the coach out of the rut, lest Louis Napoleon should continue to drive it, to the defini tive disappointment of their respective ambitions. A singular rencontre has taken place, which is the talk of the whole town. Yon arc aware that Charles Bonaparte, Prince of Canino, and formerly president of the Roman Assembly, has been frequently assailed indirectly with odious imputations as having insti gated the murder of Count Rossi. Viscount Arlin court, who has written a reactionary book about Italy, let drop in the pages of his " Italic Rouge" KIM atrocious insinuations to this effect, for which he was recently fined. Stirred up by such black hints, and worked upon by the blind fury of the foes of the revolution, the second son of Count Rossi lay in wait for an occasion to avenge his father's death. This he seized the day before yester day. Charles Bonaparte was dining with a friend at a café on the Qum d'Orsav, when the waiter an nounced to him that a gentleman outside wished to speak with him. Prince Canino required his name, and being refused, begged the mysterious stranger to wait till he had finished dinner. Rossi sat down at one of the little tables outside the cafe, and when his adversary came out marched up to him, saying, "Yon are the Prince of Cimino." Having received l an answer in the affirmative, he aimed a blow at the prince's face. Mediators interposed to prevent the scuffle from going further, and the principals were led off in different directions. Yesterday afternoon they met again is the park at Versailles, and ex changed a couple of pistol shots each, without effect. The seconds then declared the requisitions of honour satisfied. The Prince of Canino was attended by MM. Clary and Lepie, members of the Assembly. GERMANY. FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAINE. JUNE 6. Lord Cowley, England's ambassador to the Germanic Confederation, hsd nn interview to-day with Count Thun, the President of the Diet, in which he presented his cre dentials. The great powers of Europe are now ell repre sented in Frankfort, The central federal commission, the demise of which au thority was erroneously reported some days ago, did not cease Its exietence until yesterday, when it returned its powers into the hands of the temporary military commis sion of the Diet. The latter body, which consists of the representatives of Austria, Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony, Ile foyer, Ilene Darmstadt, and Oldenburg, were to meet again to-day to draw up a report ou ,the subject. The central federal commission was appointed jointly by Austria and Prussia, on the abdication of Archduke John, the regent or Reichsverweser of the embryo German em pire ; its object being to manage the military matters of the confederation for the space of six months, within which the settlement of the German question was then expected. It has been renewed several times, but its results have been very few. Very soon after its appointment, Bavaria and several other states refused to recognise its authority, denied the payment of their share of the expenses, and the whole military administration of the federal for tresses, fleet, &c., fell into the most desperate con fusion. Prussia which had borne the expenses of the fleet under protest for some time, found at last that the prospects of repayment were becoming very small, and it is very justly surmised, that this, put together with a clear estimation of the dangerous consequences to herself from the mismanagement 'and confusion in the military affairs of the confederation, were among the chief causes which led to her participation in the resurrection uf the Diet. The powers possessed by the central federal com mission devolve upon the commissioners mentioned above, whose real labours will now commence. Military men of experience have been deputed from each of the chief states of the confederation to assist the commission with their advice , and as soon as the alterations contemplated in the federal ' military law and the forces to be placed at the orders of the Diet shall have been decided, these gentlemen will assume the functions of the federal military commission exactly as it existed previous to ISO. VANS AND POOR _ ..... - Saturday Colonel Sibthorp's bill for further "improving" the police in the metropolis and City of London was printed. The gallant colonel proposes to prohibit advertising vans, and olio poor musicians from playing in the stmt, under • penalty of 405., and, of course, commitment. A police constable seeing such an outrage is to be empowered (if parliament should approve of the suggestion) to take the offender into custody. INTENDED FANCY FAIR AT THE ROYALIIOSPITAL, CllZlAßA.—Arrangement have been made for a forth coming festival, tote held in the Royal Gardens, at Chelsea Colitis, in aid of the building fund of the Hospital for Consumption, in the Brompton-road. A bazaar will be held upon the grounds and the following ladi es o f distinc tion have condescende d to preside and assist at the stalls: Duchess of Sutherland, the Marchioness of Ailesbury, the Marchioness of Stafford, the Countess of Harrington, the Countess of Antrim, Lady Charlotte Egerton, Lady South ampton, and other benevolent supporters of the institution. SPAIN, Our Madrid letter, of Juno 3, says : M. Doral, officer of the navy and a deputy, has been appointed, Minister of Marine ad interim. The Government is about to demand from the Chamber an increase of 25,000 men in the army to face eventualities in Portugal. The French fleet remains at Cadiz, awaiting the upshot of the Por tuguese revolution. PORTUGAL. By the Teviot, we have news from Lisbon up to the 4th instant. Nothing very important had transpired since the previous packet left. Nothing was known at Lisbon of the reactionary movement , against Saldanha, as telegraphed in the French jour- nals. The great struggle that is now going on in Portugal is between the moderately Septembrist go vernment and the chartist military officers. The former want to get rid of the latter from the army, and to substitute their own adherents, and the offi cers arc resisting the government. Saldanha has been reconciled to Fronteira and Itisaracantas, and the order for the banishment of the former has been rescinded. Both of them have promised not to inter fere in the present struggle. Anything reactionary or revolutionary , is much deprecated ; for many I believe that with observance of order and vigorous re trenchment, the country might be saved. Saldanha was still active, promoting his adherents. One of ; the great difficulties with the present government is the want of money. Our correspondent writes follows : LISBON, JONI 4. The matter which I have recently had occasion to communicate to your readers has prevented my taking more notice of the feelings of the people them I should otherwise have done. There is no clamour for the Queen's abdica tion, but there seem; to be a deep-rooted determination in the minds of the people that they will not be satisfied with anything short of her removal. The revolution must not stop at a certain point; it must progress and perfect itself; and it never can be perfected while the chief of the state remains dissonant with the great body of the nation. Donna Maria knows the sentiment, of toe mass towards her, yet , she is callous and insensate, and clines to the throne as a drowning man would to a straw. The propriety, nay, the necessity of her abdication has been descanted on by the journals of the Peninsular countries, and none appears to take a better view of it than the Clamor Parklike of Madrid. It says:" If Donna Maria understood her critical position and should abdicate, she would confer a benefit upon her son and the people, and perhaps relieve them from the greatest agitations. If, however, instead of yielding, she shall insist upou preserving a sceptre that may slip from her hands, it will not be strange that in the end she may have to abandon it to seek shelter in a foreign country against popular fury." There is a proper time for every act. Had Donna Maria availed herself of that tine and abdicated she would have preserved the crown to her son, conferred a benefit upon the country , and shut fur ever the door of intrigue and re action; but her pertinacity encouraged the partisans of Cabral, and her conduct, so strongly evinced, to protect him in the favour shown to his abettors to the last, has given them a character which only belongs to the adherents of a fallen dynasty, and they will never cease to plot and intrigue while their load possesses the shadow of power. They consider it lawful to rise to relieve her from that restraint which they know she is under—the real re straint being imposed upon them, by taking from their hands the power to plunder and divide the national wealth ; they know she is constrained, by her obstinacy in endeavouring to preserve power, to declare her sincerity to acts that she despises, and would overturn; and finally they consider her in the game situation that Ferdinand the Seventh was considered to be by the French government when the Duke d'Angouleine's army traversed Spain to relieve him. Donna Maria, it is known, had hopes that a Spanish army would sustain her with the ministry of her favourite ; and when those hopes vanished she relied upon family alliance for her preservation upon the throne; and if Sir H. Seymour, the British ambassador, did advise Saldanha to preserve her on the throne, it could only be until the legal expression of the national voice had been heard, as her position is not tenable. The nation does not require a sovereign who will take every opportunity to overthrow the liberties of her country, and whom the people are obliged to watch: it requires a sovereign in whom all their hopes could be centred, and who would watch over and guard their rights. Donna Maria and the people are two hetero geneous ladies; it is necessary to remove one to prevent continual collisions and conflicts ; and by removing her the Cabralists become isolated, and must return to the great body of the nation, where, finding their own level, they will be perfectly harmless, as their chief only derived his power from corruption and the countenance of a dissinee Wing and perfidious sovereign. The national cry, there fore, of " Abdication and a Reformed Charter" will soon give way to the effective cry of " Reformed Charter and Deposition." It has been said that some change in the ministry would take place; it is not, however, likely to be a change of men, but merely the transfer of places between two members of the cabinet—the Marquis of Louie and Senhor Jervis d'Attougnia, who appears to he the one in the place best calculated for the other. The Marquis is beat calculated for the foreign department, where his talents would be more available; and Senhor Jervis is wanted in the marine department, where a area of energy and scientific know ledge is most wanted, to renair or bring the navy back to an efficient state, it having been so completely neglected by Senhor Avila, the Cabral Minister of Marine, that when any ship was wanted to go suddenly on any service, it was found to have either no tip or no bottom, t.e., it was either rotten in the masts or leaky, and required to go into dock. Senhor Jervis has already been minister of marine, in times when no such exclusion was practised towards scientific men as the Cabral cabinet practised. and when he served to the acknowledged benefit of the department and credit to himself, and when officers were appointed by him to commissions who were in every respect qualified far the exigency: whereas Senhor Avila's appointments were of such men who were worth nothing, and who, fur the most part, ratted from their party, to give support ro the genius of corruption. If Seedier Jervis go to the marine, nothing will escape him; weeds will soou be uprooted, end the l'or tuguese navy may recover its character. While, how ever, that gentleman remains in the foreign office, our worthy representative will find he is dealing in his reclamation% ' with a man of honour, talent, and moral courage, and who will not delay justice where it is due. I said, in a recent letter, the six testoons insisted upon by Scriber Dultra (when visitor of the shipping police department) trim every person who entered Portugal by the fagus, was remitted in so fur as related to natives; I now understand its abolition will be insisted upon by the Briti.h ambassador, in so tar as relates to British subjects entering Portugal by the 'fugue, on the ground of reciprocity. The government intends to publish in the London jour nals that no alteration is contemplated in the payment of the dividends of either the internal or external debt, to counteract the reports of Cabraliam to the contrary. The regulations relative to the payment of the active and in active classes will also undergo no alteration. A commission is also to inquire into the state of the revenue, and the charges upon it. An ingenious writer recommends that the arrears due to the various elegies should be got rid of, by creuting a paper money to pay them, and that then this paper money should be amortiser, in the same way that the bank of Lisbon notes are being amortised; with the present government it would doubtless be a salutary measure, as the classes would receive their growing pay monthly to appease their hunger, while the getting rid of so great a weight which presses upon the treasury, the government could turn their attention to the payment of other charges, which would have the effect of restoring confidence and credit; we may soon be able to dis cover what became of the revenue under Cabralism—iin mente amounts received—loans contracted—the public her vents dying of hunger for want of payment, and no accounts rendered. The Prince and Princess of Saxe Cobourg Gotha are that they came to advise th e Q ueen an d Ki ng to ! cave t h e here; the object of their v i s it i s no t k nown , unleaa it be Portuguese to themselves, and take up their residence in delightful Germany. The disaffection of the municipal guard is apparent; its insubordination, and sneers at the existing order of things, and its brutal treatment of the citizens who come within its grasp, require a summary remedy—disbanding. The following is the state of the treasury for the week ending 24th May : Balan c e 17th May, 8,6,30,473 refs ; re ceived in the week ending the 24th, 70,276,207 eels ; pay meats, 68,598,0,56 reis ; leaving - a balance of upwards of ten contos. Senhor Franztai certainly deserves great credit fur his exertions • but acknowledged kosaaty and patriotism will accomplis h many Important eels. TURKEY AND THE DANUBIAN PROVINCES. News from Constantinople to May 24, received by way of Marseilles, state that Mehemet Ali Pasha, the Sultan's brother-in-law, had been superseded in the Ministry of War by Musterdjim Mehemet Pasha, formerly Commander of the Imperial Guard, Mem ber of the Council of State, and President of the Council of War. Mehemet Ali Pasha was subsequently re-admitted minister without portfolio. This la a re-action against Iteschid. Letters of the Bth ult from Bucharest announce the complete evacuation of the Danubian provinces by the Russian troops. A firman of the Sultan had been addressed to the hospodars reminding them of the redoubled vigilance in the interest of order im posed by the withdrawal of the troops. After fourteen days bombardment Omer Pasha had taken Bihace, in Baena. by storm. Sir Stratford Canning had retired with his family to Therapia. EARLY CLOSING MOVEMENT.—EIeven sermons were yesterday preached in connexion with the Early Clos ing Association, by various ministers of dia:mting chapels throughout the metropolis, on the spiritual and ether evils of oppressive shop labour. AMERICA, The Royal Mail steamer Cambria, Captain Leitch, which left Boston on Wednesday, the 28th ult., arrived in the Mersey last night, at ten o'clock, with the usual mails, and 34 passengers. The steamer Canada, which left Liverpool on the 17th ult., had arrived at Boston at 5, a.m., o n th e day on which the Cambria sailed. The following are the chief items of intelligence: A riot had occurred at Hoboken, opposite the city of New York, between a party of Germans who were celebrating their May festivals, and a number of Irishmen, the latter of whom crossed the river to have a conflict. Four or five persons were killed, and several badly wounded. A justice of the peace, in endeavouring to quell the riot, had been shot down. Fifty of the German party were sent to prison for participation in the riot. Cholera had again made its appearance in Cin cinnati and the neighbourhood. (For markets see page 4.) TWO DAYS LATER BY ELECTRIC TELE- GRAPH TO HALIFAX. No further political intelligence of importance. The Canada's news produced little effect on the cotton market, which was very dull at New York on the 29th. The quotations, however, were unaltered. Western Canal flourwasalsodull at 4 dole. per brl.; Canadian ditto at 4„ dole.; Indian corn, round yellow, 60 cents. per bushel. The stock market at New York on the 29th, was very animated and firm at higher prices. Govern ment Sixes (1856) sold at 100 ; ditto (1867) 1191; Ohio Sixes, 117; ditto Fives (1865) 105!; ; Penn sylvania Fives, 91. Fancy stocks are also higher. SOUTH AMERICA. The Royal Brazilian Mail-packet Teviot, Captain R. Revett, from South America, Jec., arrived at Southampton yesterday, and landed her mails under the charge of Lieut. Gardner, R.N., Admiralty agent. lier dates arc : Buenos Ayres, 2sth April I Monte Video, Ist May; Rio Janeiro, 12th ; Bahia, 16th ; l'ernambuco, 18th ; St. Vincent, ..26th ; Tene riffe, 30th ; Madeira, Ist June ; Lisbon, dth. The Teviot brings 96 passengers, among whom are Baron Seisal and family, Portuguese Minister to the Nether lands. The freight on board consists of 31) herons of ipeeacuanha, and. 27,0001. worth of diamonds. Our correspondent writes as follows : RIO 1)E JANEIRO, MAT 12. It is by a mere chance that our letters of this month are taken home by the Teviot : a fire broke out in the spirit. room yesterday, which was not extinguished without consi. derable difficulty. The Teviut had a very narrow escape. The Fisk arr red yesterday from the River : she brings but little news. Iu tho newspapers no allusion is made to the question with Brazil ; but it was currently reported in the city of Buenos Ayres that preparations for war and met do. posits of ammunition were being made in the arsenals. Two steamer., forming part of the Brazilian squadron, bad ats rived at Monte Video. • The opening of t h e Brazilian Chambers took place on the 3rd. You will find a copy of the speech from the throne (in which the slave trade is alluded to) in the Jovial of the 4th, which I forward you. The Minister of Finance presented his estimate for the year 1852.3 on the Nth. The revenue is estimated at 30,500,000 dollars ; the expenditure is estimated at 29.36t4,40 dollars; the estimated surplus, 1,131,421 dollars. This favourable re. port has naturally tended to improve the stack market, and prices are very firm at my quotation. The new Bunk of Brazil is at length established, and 15,000 share , disposed of. It is probable that, in a very short time, the whole capital, 10,000,000 dollars, will be subscribed. At a general meeting of the shareholder of the Commercial Bunk the disposal of the 5,000 reserved shares was decided on at • t.rernitim of 109 per cent.: the wh o le were tak, uin a few days. The Brazili in steamer-of-war Thatis entered this port on Saturday, b ingiug 121 Africans and the captain and seven mariners of a slave schooner which had evaded the cruisers and landed her cargo at Itapeinerim ; the authorities on shore were on the alert, however, and not one of the crew or cargo escaped. The trade is at its last gasp. The fever is still making sad havoc on shipboard, but we are entirely free front it on shore. I forward you our latest newspapers. (For markets 1100 page 4.) WEST INDIA AND MEXICAN MAILS. The Royal West India mail packet Dee, Captain Allan, from the West Indies, &e., arrived at South. ampton, yesterday, and landed her mails under the charge of Lieut. John Hay, R.N., Admiralty . agent. Her dates are :--Vera Cruz, May 7; Tampico, 4 ; Chagres, 10; Carthagena, 12; Jamaica, 14; Home. tara, 12; Trinidad, 12; Burbadoes, 14 ; Antigua, 14; Martinique, 15; Grenada, 13; Porto Rico, 17; St. Thomas, 19; La Guavra, 10. The Dee brings; 105 passengers, among whom arc Commodore Bennet, General Sir John Fitzgerald, and two aides-do-camp„ The freight on board consists of 903,013 dots. from Tampico, Vera Cruz, and Chagres, whereof 51,000 dots. is on account of Mexican dividends ; gold, 128,581 dots. ; British coin and platina, 20,033 dole.; 137 scrons of cochineal; 18 tierces and ti; barrels of coffee ; 27 serous of indigo. Everything appears very quiet in the city of M...xico. The government are fixed, and some con fidence is placed in them. Money is very scarce, and cash received at very high interest. Very few mer chant vessels either at Tampico or Vera Cruz. The native and all the foreign merchants most seriously regret the steam packets do nut as formerly run be tween the Havannah and the two ports in the Gulf; both the post-office and the company lose by it. The Mexican route must sooner or later be altered, or the Americans will carry all before them. The harbour of San Juan (Grey Town), about which there has been so much diplomacy and fight ing, is fast filling up, there being scarcely more water than i. sufficient for the present class of West Indian steamers; and it is reasonably conjectured that, unless prompt measures be adopted, it will be in vain to expect the larger class of vessels now in progress to attempt the navigation of the harbour in question. An intelligent officer of the Engineers (U.S.), who is fully conversant with the locale, gives it as his opinion that the stopping up of what is called the " Colorado" branch of the river would have the effect of deepening the channel at the entrance of the harbour. The railroad from Navy Bay to Panama is pro gressing as well as the heat of the climate and want of labour will permit. The packets on their leaving Carthagcna are now in the habit of taking to Cha. gres a quantity of labourers for the work. Then people are chiefly from the interior. There appears to be a very destructive insect peculiar to the coun try which makes fearful havoc in all the timber constructions of the rail w.:y. About three miles of the line is completed. The Arne! jean steamers continue embarking from Chaves large numbers of passengers leaving Cali. forma for the States: the usual average number is 330 per packet, and fur exceeding what arc landed at Chagres for California. Many of these persons are penniless, doubtless owing to their gambling pro. pensities- whilst the more provident appear to suc ceed well, if one can judge by the numerous bags of gold, the contents of which are often exhibited to the officers of the steamers. We regret to say that [ robberies and murders are now of frequent occur. rene° whilst the travellers arc crossing the Isthmus. BRITISH GUIANA. Our accounts from Demerara are to the 12th ult. The Combined Court reassembled on the 28th of April to receive the statement of estimates in its complete form. On the estimate being laid on the table, it was found that the apparent amount was 804,880 dela., or nearly 60,000 dots. in excess of the amount required to be provided by taxation during the year. This anomaly was, however, rectified, and the estimate reduced to the actual amount required, viz., 748,618 dots. The report of the Committee of Ways and Means was understood to recommend, in conformity with the views of Governor Barkly, in his speech at the opening of the Combined Court, extensive reductions in the general taxation of the colony. The income tax was to be entirely abolished. A reduction was to be effected in the produce tax, and the planters are to be ex empted from the payment of duty on all such per. tions of their produce as are consumed within the colony. A bonus was to be conferred on the slipping interest by lowering the tonnage duties. reductions were also to be effected in the tariff of import duties, especially on those arti cles most extensively consumed, as, for in stance, flour, rice, candles, soap, beef, pork, fish, and cattle, of which latter largo importations were constantly taking place from the Orinoco, where cattle can be raised as cheaply as in any part of the world. The court stood adjourned to the 14th of May, when it was expected a draught of the tax ordinance, embodying the views of the committee,