The Express. — London, England, 1851-09-15 00:00:00

ghl exproni• TO CORRESPONDINT B . • let ,orl •T "TM Laren," cerilabaind .11* mad totalvfa o Gar. tie." ribildied row; Tuesday awl Friday Willy to m. twr pod. lidow .ur air I ntradrd for " Tbo Uproar," London Errata. row, await • Moe Ikawiriowtelet. by Two o'idorl ea Übe day of pobboadca. THOR WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE Tut. D., —llnratml. 41. 41. Ha .11...r0a..04 —*maim& 116 1144.........Aftemetwe, lb. 27m. LONDON, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 13. LORD JonN RUMSF.I.T. a day or two since arrived in town, when probably, or possibly, his attention was called to certain disquisitions on the subject of the rule which should guide him in the great mea sure of electoral reform. On Saturday appeared an article in the ministerial Globe, which we reproduce, and we cannot sac that we peruse it with much satisfaction. The writer in the Globe chimes in readily with the opinion that the next extension of the sulliage should be of a nature to he finally satisfactory, and so to preclude all future demands. The people, says the ministerial paper, will agitate for the suffrage, but will agitate for nothing else, neither for the ballot. nor shorter parliaments ; but after such an extension of the suffrage as will include them, the English commonalty will strive ; and the policy of the government should be to ap pease and satisfy them on this one great point, for if this he done, they will make very easy terms about the rest. Reformers scarcely needed this warning, plain as it may be, to remain upon the alert, and be from the first determined to take no instalments that are to preclude hops of obtaining the sum of liberty that is fairly due, and that should be honestly and fully paid. The very first principle of this determination should he, no extension of the franchise without the ballot. We are confident that the one concession without the other would lire fruitless. The lower we descend in the social and electoral scale, the greater must he the temptation to sacrifice conviction, and even the real interest of themselves and fellows, to a momentary bribe or a powerful threat. In a country organism! like England, with dependence for its sorial link, the possession of a vote by the earlier merely makes it more worth the while of the employ( rto enslave him. Ireland furnishes us with a whole history of examples. 'the ballot alone can save t 1( is the present class of electors from de gradation; and the ballot is doubly necessary for that class fur which the franchise is * demanded, and to which it cannot long be refused. Lord Juts, however, the Caohe tells us, has got a recipe for satisfying the working classes, and ad mitting them in appearance to the franchise, without swamping the electoral lists. This is to introduce the principle of indirect or double election, by which the artisans or workmen, who have given some guarantee of decency and good conduct, may have the liberty of electing a college of electors, who shall have the jewer of returning a member to parliament con ointly with the other voters of the district. This scheme of indirect, or of two de gre es at election, let us observe, has always been the chosen scheme of absolutists, whenever thoy wanted to cleat people with a show of constitution alism, and to deny them the reality. It was the notable deiiii• of the elder llot . RitoNs, and formed one of the main pillars of that notable consti tution which PiII.IGNAC and CHARLES the TESTI{ fell in l'rwcsia, under the minis try of NI istrATFEI. and the putmnage of Russia, has adopted the same. It is a device by this time notorious to gut the create de lit create of high eociety and aristocratic pretension. There is not one single reason to be given fur i direct deist ion. beside those absolutist and reactionary motives w latch English statesmen durst not avow, and imbed do not feel, except the fact, where it exists, of the population !sing still in such a state of i;;ltor.tnee that it is impossible the people could in the brat instance make a rational or salu tary choice. Rut in England at the present coo meld, with every class, even to the lowest, alive to their interest, and informed far beyond the average of even the upper chimes a century ago, to pretend that Eng lislinwn and English earner., already so fur advanced in the ascent to middle rank MY to have put money in a savings bank, to flay that they can only elect Ua it representatives at sissital hand, whilst the shopkeeper can do it at first hand, this is to suppose a difference that dues not exist, and to degrade the working class more than ever by refusing them the ft.:melds,. altogether. And the 1.1.4- talks of such a precious scheme as final, as likely to satisfy, and to preclude all future agitation. •• It is more comporhensive than Man chester proposes." We believe so. Fur Manchester has shrunk from universal suffrage ; whilst this is universal suffrage turned to the account of torvism. 'fake the population of a county, in eltidiog every clodhopper; let them nominate in each district an elector, who can he be hut the Coiner or the squire of the locality? Leave it to such a grand jury to elect the member, and what House of Commons should we have? A system more reactionary, or a scheme more puerile, we could not imagine. And the organ which puts it forward pooh-poohs at the same time house hold suffrage. It might in truth pooh-pooh the ten pound suffrage also; for if indirect election be established. tlw ten pounder himself will wan be ab sorbed by it. If a bill be brought into parliament by ministers, embodying such a principle of reform as this. we really think that Lord STANLEY in one honer. and Mr. DP:u tEI.I in the other, will be found to seeond it. What Sir J SMEM GRAHAM and Mr. lit ate may say to it, we leave the public to conjecture. THE reader whose recollections go back to the olden time of stage coaching may remember the Beckhampton Inn, on the great Bath rood, übouteight miles west of that close borough and old town, Marlborough, where the two diverging roads to Bath, the one through Devizes and the other through Caine and Chippenham, divide, and just where the traveller enters upon one of the must open and bleak reaches of the Wiltshire Downs ' stood, and probably still stands, between the two roads, a large square, brick-built house, roomy, but plain, and bearing somewhat the aspect of a hostel that had seen better days. In the front looking eastward was the grand entrance at the time we refer to, but little used ; and on either side facing the diverging roads was a side entrance by which the then rather considerable traffic arising from coach poseen gen made its entrance and exit. An immense range of stabling far more extensive andotamore substantial character than was required or commonly used for the coach horses which "stood" there, was to be seen at the back of the house; and the whole appearance of the place reminded one of the habitation of gene rations of rich old-fashioned squires, whose means, talents, and energies had been perseveringly devoted to horses and hounds. The Beckhampton Inn was at that time famous for potent ale, and probably, not withstanding modern changes, is so still. Winter travellers, who were about to encounter the sharp breezes over Cherhill Downs or ltoundwav Rill, as well as those coining "up the road," who lied passed those exposed districts, seldom omitted to fortify or solace themselves with a glass of the strong Wilt shire beer, known by the genuine name of Kennett Ale. Previous to the termination of the French war this lieckhampton inn was the place of meeting of a coursing club called by the same name, at which the squirearchy of the county were accustomed to as. semble from time to time for the double purpose of pursuing hares—there remarkably wild and vigor ous—and arranging the political a ff airs of the county —then managed in a very mug and comfortable way by the acted magnates of the county. here, amidst the discussions on greyhounds and running horses, the merits of past, present, and pos sible members for the county were canvassed; and whenever a general election was approaching, or • vacancy in the county representation was impending or had occurred—for in these good times even squires would sometimes die—all the minor gentry and others who followed the lead of the larger landed roprietors, waited with reverential decorum fur the decision of the Beckhampton club before they ven tured to expre ss any opinion as to the pretensions of an aspirant to the county representation. We have beard of many men of independent means, who from positionaadcircumstances were fully justified in thinkin star themselves, and mold influence others, and who habitually ranged themselves as the adherents of sonic one or other of greater landed magnates of the county. They would say, " I always go with Mr. A. or my Lord 8.," as the case might be, and they followed as implicitly u if they were his merest dependents. M e remember one of these gentlemen, originally a man of some pro perty, and who had considerably increased it by farming and by buying and reselling land during the " high prices," who long after this system had been broken down was accustomed to promise his support to actual candidates for the county, subject to the condition and proviso that cone of the family of the P.'s, of which he considered himself an ad herent, should come forward as a candidate; the only known representatives of that family being two lad ladies and an imbecile. As to tenants' opinions, the magnates of the Beckhampton Club never thought it needful to go through the form of referring to it: they informed 'the tenants who had votes through the landlord's agent for whom they were to vote, and that was enough. The late Lord, then Mr. PAUL METHUEN, broke through this local oliga7hical system, and appealing to the county . constituencies on what were then deemed popular opinions, established what was then called l ithe independence of the county. The contests which oceured in Wiltshire from 1815 to the time of the Reform Bill prove that there existed in that county an independent section of the constituency w could grapple with, and sometimes defeat, the local landoeraev. And the same thing had occurred during thiat period in a great many other counties. Now, however, this has been in a great measure put an end to by the Chandos clause of the Reform Bill, which gave every tenant farmer, paying a rent of &OZ. a year, a county vote. This has eft► tually swamped the independence of the towns ' and delivered up the county constituencies bound hood and foot to the landed interest. So far as the counties are concerned, we have reverted book substantially to that system which we has, described as existing in Wiltshire, under the rAyiset of the Beckhampton Coursing Club. The form is somewhat different, but the result is the same. In stead, as then, of a snug resolution at ajolly drinking bout, we have now a requisition handed about by squires' agents, for the signatures of their tenants and dependents, but which is as much the act, the expression of the will of the landed interest, as was the simple word of command of the Wiltshire squires. Landlordism has, again, the counties in its own hands. Note, for instance, what has been going on in the East Riding of Yorkshire. Mr. BROADLEY, the member fur the Riding, having died, the " 0:111• servative gentry" meet and agree to invite one ot their own body to accept the representation of the Aiding. First one declines, and then another, and then the juvenile nephew of Sir . Isrros SrBEs, Mr. EGt.KTON, the son of a Cheshire squire, was agreed to be invited to lay down his school ooks and accept the senatorial honour. Whether Mr. It:Gs:lms could not be made out to have attained twenty-one, or whether his papa had the good sense to sec that his son had better learn something of . . the world before ho began to legislate for a nation, we know not, but he too, or some one on his behalf, declined the protferred scat. Under these circumstances tho landocracy of the East Riding have offered their county seat to a son of Lord FAVERSIRM, one of themselves, who is now member for East Itetford. Can there he a greater farce than a county repre sentation which may be thus dealt with ? Does any one suppose that if the people of the East Riding had any real voice and influence in the election of their member, they would confine themselves to the cadets and connexions of their great landed proprietors? The truth is—and it cannot be too distinctly or loudly proclaimed, now we are on the eve of a new reform bill thattherepresentation of the counties is almost exclusively in the hands of the landed proprietors. This is an evil which ought to be, nay, must be corrected; how Lord Jolts ItCSSELL proposes to cor rect it, if he does so propose, is a question of vast interest to the community, and it is one on which some general expression of opinion ought to take place before the meeting of parliament. We have heard a rumour that a part of the pro ' posed ministerial reform bill will be the abolition of ids. freehold voters fur counties. Now, this would not merely cut at the work of count• enfranchise ment now being effected by means of freehold land societies, but would strike off some of the most in dependent voters. If there be and• such purpose in tended, we do not see what equivalent of popular element can be offered ; and when we see the de graded condition into which the division of counties, and the giving votes to the dependent tenantry of the landowners, while the intelligent population of the towns are for the most part excluded, have re duced the county constituencies, we must say it behoves all who would have a real measure of par liamentary reform, and a true and honest representa tion of the counties, to take care that the govern ment should understand that no scheme for con tinuing the actual preponderance of the landed in terest will be satisfactory to the people. iAL THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 15, 1851. PARIS, SUNDAE EVENING. The department of the Ardeche, whose disturb ances have long been a subject of comment in the and a source of uneasiness to the government, puss, last been deprived of the privileges of civil government, and subjected to the rigours of martial law. The address, in which M. Leon Fucher justifies to the President this severe measure, appears in the ..I.feniteiir of to-day, and is as follows: Paris, Sept. 12, 1851. Monsieurle President,—l have the honour to call your attention to the state of the department of the Ardethe, and to the measures expedient to take for the re establishment of order in this part of the territory, and for the maintenance of the authority of the laws. Se veral points of this department, and in particular the ar rondissement of LargentOre, have been the the theatre of seditious demonstratious. Secret societies, notwithstanding NAPLES. The Bilancia of Turin of the 9th announces from Naples that sentence of death has been pronounced upon 46 prisoners of state, including 10 deputies, 2 ex-ministers, 1 ambassador, and 2 priests. It is hoped the King will commute these sentences. the vigilante of the government, develope themselves rapidly there. Powder and arms are manufac tured and distributed clandestinely. The configuration Of the soil, intersected with ravines and torrents, makes the Ardeehe the asylum of fugitives from justice who escape from the neighbouring departments which are in a state of siege ; and the disposition to disturb order thus increases, from the certainty of impunity. The agitation in that country is evidently carried on with the view of preparing it for insurrection. On recent occasions, and in particular at Laurac and Vinezac, the troops of the line :and the gen darmerie have been attacked by mobs, and have found themselves obliged to make use of their arms. The anar chists have not even shrunk from a crime as cowardly r hateful—an assassination of an agent of the public bees has been attempted. This state of things appears to be pert of a system of organised intimidation and peruser commotion in the Ardeche. Against such elements of anarchy the ordinary means of suppression can no longer suffice. The time has arrived for invoking the employment of the exceptional means authorised by Art. 106 of the constitution, and the law of August 9, 1849. I have long hesitated, Monsieur le President, be fore proposing this measure to you ; it has pained me Ito recognise that, owing to the weakness of good citizens and the audacity of bail, an exceptional mode of govern ' meat should have become necessary in yet another depart ment. But the energy of the defence must equal the hardihood of the aggression. The Prefect of the Ardeche formally requests a decree placing that department under the empire of the state of siege ; I think, with that magistrate, and with the majority . of the council-ge neral of the Ardeche, that the case of imminent peril for internal security, contemplated by Art 1 of the law of Aug. 9, 1819, has now arisen. In consequence I have the honour to submit for year sanction a decree placing the department of the Ardlehe Ia astute of siege. The subjection of a fresh department of France to the arbitrary severities of martial law is too impor tant a fact not to rouse thoroughly public attention, and promote a searching inquiry into the facts which haveinduced the government to withdraw from so large a fraction of the community the benefits of a civil administration of the existing laws. Now the head and front of the offence of the inhabitants of the Ardeche seems to have been a collision with a small , rty of gendarmes, in the commune of Vinezac. Every y knows that in the south of France the people are strongly attached to their traditional and local festivities, which are frequently of an an tiquity coeval with the introduction of Christianity into those parts. Now the government of Louis Napoleon, and particularly the administration of M. Leon Faucher, choose to frown upon these festive anniversaries, and stimulate the prefects to suppress as much as possible their celebration. The only pro tection which the inhabitants enjoy against this interference of the central authorities with their old usages lies in the indepen dent bearing of their mayors. But the prefects have the right of suspending for three months mayors who fall under their displea sure; and such, becoming henceforth marked men, are pretty sure of being soon after dismissed by a decree of the President. Now the mayor of Vinezac, declining to be bullied and brow-beaten by the pre fect of the Ardeche, saw no good reason why the annual votive fair of the commune should not take place. The country people met, and indulged in that singular medley of devotion and merrymaking which constitutes the character of a southern fete. They pros trated themsel res before theirsaint born e in procession ; they danced, they tippled,and they sang. Now among their songs were some of a democratic burthen, highly unpleasing to the cars of gendarmes. Eight of these functionaries thaught fit to break into a tavern where several hundreds were at the height of their festive excitement, and attempt to silence and disperse the revellers. They were well beaten and repulsed for their pains. The prefect has suspended the mayor of Vinezac, who was shortly after, as the rule is, dismissed by the execu tive power. Such is the leading crime of the Ar deche. As to the allegations of the minister about , 1 the growth of secret societies, and the clandestine manufacture of powder and arms, there is not a de partment iu trance which is not liable to the same charge. Naive, indeed, is the confession that the inhabitants fly front the neighbouring departments, subjected toa state of siege, to take refuge in a region exempt from that curse. But if this be a reason for extending the state of siege to the place of refuge, M. Leon Faucher would be equally justified in extending martial law to the whole of F ranee. The Committee of Permanence will hold a sitting to-morrow morning, before the ceremony of inaugu rating the new markets, in order to hear the ex planations of NI. Leon Faucher relative to the sub jection of the department of the Ardeche to a state of beige. The number of councillors-general is 2,827. Of these, 1,749 have voted in favour of the revision of the constitution, 673 against, 405 abstained or were absent. Notwithstanding the rumours of ministerial modi fications, in consequence of a disagreement in the cabinet on the law of May, the present ministry is not likely at present to undergo any essential change. 'General Bandon indeed is expected to re sign the portfolio of war, and General Schramm, his predecessor, is designated by report as his successor ; but this alteration has no political meaning whatever. It is reported that an act of impeachment will be brought forward at the re-opening of the Assembly against the members of the Mountain implicated in the French-German plot. The report of M. Herryer's projected journey to Frohsdorf is contradicted in well-informed quarters. This legitimist chief will not, for the present, quit his estate at Angerville. The intention of instituting a judicial inquiry into the affair of M. Carr ., judge of the Court of Appeal, has been dropped. Thus the scandalous insinuations of the l'otrie against that legal functionary, merely because he was appointed by M. Cremieux, fall to the ground. Great sensation has been excited in the Parisian public by the discovery of four tickets of the lottery of gold ingots stamped with the same number, in the possession of a tobacco seller. When you remember that there are seven millions of tickets issued at one franc, the possible amount of similar fraud will ap pear starthng. The Paine attempts to allay the popular excite ment existing on this subject, but its explanations are by no means satisfactory. The prefect of police has published a warning, proclaiming illegal all traffic in these tickets after the 31st of August, when the sale closed. The inauguration of the statue of Joan of Arc, the work of Louis Philippe's daughter, the Princess Marie, has taken place at Orleans, without any cere mony or speech, but the inhabitants appeared deeply interested in the event. The government have definitively refused to au thorise the national fetes projected by Messrs. Horeau, Ruggieri, and Co. &Arno; the Duke of Parma, at the palace Litta Nfo- I The duchy of Holstein to contribute te the expenses of the ai g uani. The Pope is to be represented by the Prince : str t t e s i c t ex t d t i o nt e to ttle a se b alo f of pop d tt , t e on t .. The manning Altiei • andjthe Kings of Wurtemberg and Bavaria are o Art. 3. When in the state u co th un re sel e m ` expected. The Emperor is to return to Vienna on matters are under con tultation which concern the whole monarchy, then has the the sth of October. minister for Holstein a place and a vote equal to that of the Danish minister. Att. 4. The duchy of Schleswig has, tinder the limitations mentioned in Art. 3, its particular Hitt, and its own terial subordinate administration for local affairs—such as; 1. Civil and criminal legislation. 2. Judicial courts, mid a pollen. 3. Communal affairs. 4. ; and 4. 'the in come and expenditure of the partivul.ir interests of the duchy. Art. 5, The duchy of Schleswig has a common militia, church, and school system with the kingdom of Ihnmark ; for all common objects Schleswig and Denmark have a common administration and legislation. Art. 6. Danish and German nationalities to enjoy Cie same rights and privileges in the derby ..f Schleswig. A change in the Danish and Gonna,. school and pulpit lan guage can only be brought about by it united Di. t. Art. 7. With respect to the following institutions in which the duchies of Schleswig and Doi are equally inte rested, it should be decided : 1. half of the income of the Eider canal should belong to holstein. 2. Tim forced par ticipation in common in certain fire insurances should be discontinucu. 3. As lime as Schleswig students enjoy at the university they will pay towards its support an annual contribution, according to the wale of their population. 4. The Eider ritual will Is• under the common customs ad ministration of Schleswig and the kingdom of Denmark. Art. S. Changes in the above articles, the relations be tween the several parts of the monarchy being kept up, can only be effected by the unanimous consent of all the legis lative bodies. Art. 9. The duchy of Lauenherg continues to belong to the Band. The provisions of the Ist article are applicable to this duchy. The Homburg Narehricht remarks that these ar ticles go clearly to sunder the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, and to incorporate Schleswig, so to speak, with Denmark. FRANCE. PARIS, SAITADAT EtINING. For the last two days the Prefecture of Police has been thronged with foreigners of all nations. Conformably to the prefectorial decree, they have come to furnish to the administration their names, their addresses, and every information relative to their means of existence, and to the bonds which at tach them to our country. Twenty supernumerary einidomh have been added, in order to receive the declaration of these foreigners, who amount in num ber, it is said, to 30,000 in the department of the Seine alone. The twenty additional clerks are in sufficient in number to meet the necessities of this decree of M. Cartier. The above-mentioned foreign ers are compelled to wait the whole day from morn ing to night at the gates of the Prefecture. Cards are delivered to them, in order that they may take their regular turns. In presenting themselves at the Prefecture they must be provided-1, with a pass port ; 2, with a certificate of residence, rie'd by the commissary of police of their quarter; 3, with a certificate stating the resources which they derive from their industry, their labour, or their trade; and 4, a certificate of good conduct. These formali ties being fulfilled, the particulars are taken down, and they are dismissed, with a notice that the pre fect will send them, if he thinks proper, a pernass de &your. All foreigners who are without families, or whose means of existence are doubtful, must quit France in 24 hours after receiving notice to that effect. Already a great number among them have been subjected to this alternative. The faubourg of St. Antoine presents at this moment a piteous spectacle. Yon are aware that the journey men cabinet makers in that populous and democratic quarter are almost all Germans or Belgians; those among them whose employers will not guarantee their morality, or who declare that they will no longer employ them, are expelled without indul gence. A number of them leave Paris this very day, and many may, be seen directing their steps toward s the barriers with knapsacks on their backs and tears in their eyes. Several democratic tradesmen and men who had been amnestied have been the object of domiciliary visits, and have been put into prison. The Council of Discipline of the Order of advo cates at Lyons has suspended MM. Monillaud. Bonlot, and Villcmain for a month for having signed the de claration of the advocates of the accused in theLvons plot that they would not present any defence before the court-martial. The Minister of the Interior has withdrawn the Borers ea booksellersfrom Lecomte do Beaumont and Leblead, 149. Rue St. Denis. Yesterday the com missary of police of the section St. Sauveur closed their shop, and *Bleed his seals on it. The crime of these booksellers has been to promote the sale of de mocratic works. M. Gamier-Pages, while making a democratic tour in the arrondissement of Mortagne, has been sum moned before the Procurenr of the Republic in that town, and received from him a severe reprimand for propagating the principles of his party. It is in contemplation to form a line of railway which shall traverse France from east to west be tween Lyons and Bordeaux. Distinguished engi neers have already made surveys for this important work, in which fifteen of the central departments are interested. The councils-general of these (le ts will have this project immediately brought trfo r s i e lei t 2 hem for examination. ITALY. ROMAN STATES. The Pope held on the sth instant a secret consis tarv, in which MM. Lucciardi and Antonucci, re cently pro moted , the former t o t h e Archbishopric of Simgaglia, and the latter, formerly nuncio at Turin, to the see of Ancona, were appointed cardinals in pettu. The concordats with Spain and Tuscany formed the chief subject of deliberation. The Pope proposed three metropolitan churches, eighteen cathedrals, and one episcopal church. LOMBARDY. The Mika. Gazette announces officially the arrival of the Emperor for the 14th at Verona. The muni cipality of Milan has charged a deputation to go and invite the Emperor to visit that city. Bat it seems decided that his Majesty will take up his residence at Verona and Monsa, passing through the Lombard capital to repair to the manourres of Somme. Grand fetes are to be given upon this occasion. The King of Naples is to be lodged at the palace of the Vice roy ; the Grand Duke of Tuscany, at the palace Archiato ; the Duke of Modena, at the Palace Bel- DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES. Th e reee i e ti e w of the Dano-Schleswig majority in the Assembly of potables are communicated by the Hamburg -Nachricht .t• follows : Art. 1. The Danish monychy makes one whole, with the same sovereign, the same revel succession, the same diplo matic and consular represeniai'lea, and the same fleet and flag. Every endeavour must be L inde to bring about com mercial and maritime, coinage, poet, and tariff institutions between the kingdom of Denmark (( De mark and the duchy of Schleswig) and the duchy of Holstei n. A common ac count of the national debt should be made, ...nd the burthen of their debt should fall upon the duchy in proportion to the amount of its population. Art. 2. The duchy of Holstein contifiues to be a part of the Blind. With respect to affairs which by the first article are not made common, the ducliy has its own administration, its own Diet, in connexion with the royal central power. GERMANY. THE COMMERCIAL TREATY BETWEEN PRUSSIA AND HANOI ER. BERLIN, SEPT. 12. Inc Preussische &dung . of to-day gives the whole of this treaty. It is very long, containing 13 articles and 14 separate articles. As you may not have space for the whole at once, I send you the articles to-day, l and will send you the separate articles to-morrow : • The Treaty between his Majesty the King of Prussia and the King of Hanover, touching the union of the Struer yerein with the Zollverein : . . Art. 1. Ou the lot of January. 184-1, a commercial treaty, on both sides free, a common legislation, with respect to im ports, exports, and transit duties will take place between l'russia and her Zoilverein states on the one pa rt,and Hanover and the Steuereerein states on the other. This treaty will embrace also the taxation of inland beet-root sugar. The existing principles of the Zoliver,in constitute the base of this union, under the following modifications : Art. 2. In Hanover, tobacco and wine to be subject to the same degree of taxation that these articles pay in Prus sia and in the states in commercial treaty with her. In consequence of this regulation a free trade will be intro duced with respect to wine, verjuite, tobacco, and tobacco manufactories into all these states ; and these articles are to pay the same duties (.46gabr) when the)• are not transported to the states belonging to the Zollverein us they are ut pre sent subject to in Prussia. Art. 3. The duty on brandy distilleries to be raised to the same amount as is paid in Prussia and in the states of the Verein. The export compensation for inland brandy to be the same on either side. . . Art. 4. With respect to the distillation duty on inland beer, Hanover will not be limited any further than by her engagement not to go beyond the Ingest duty known in Prussia, viz., 11 dollars fur 121) quarts. Art. 5. As by the most positive declarations of the Hano verian government, the wholesale sale of salt encounters in the Hanoverian territory insurmountable difficulties, as is the cam also in other countries of the Zollverein, by the states undertaking to regulate or raise the duty on salt, Hanover pledges herself to visit with the most signal punish ment all smuggling of salt on the frontier Verein state, and to take every necessary means to suppress this practice. Art. 6. Hanover undertakes not to raise her former turnpike tolls (Chwiseryeld saere). Art. 7. With respect to river tolls and ship duties, Hanover will adopt the teeth article of the Zollverein treaty. Art. 8. The provisions of the 10th and 19th articles of the Zollve•rein treaty assure equal advantages to all who belong to the Verein states, with respect to shipping, to harbours, and also to the admission of ships of all the contracting par ties to caholayc, without demanding any higher duty for ships or lading than that which is paid by the ships of the maritime or river state itself•. Art. 9. Both the contracting parties wilrinstitute, at im portant sea places, establishments connected with the har bours to hinder smuggling towards the inland country ; the sale, division, and unpacking of wares will be quite un hindered within these establishments, and there will be no other duty than that levied in the establishment fur goods going into the interior or to ordinary sale. Regulations to be agreed upon with reference to these establishments. Art. 10. By the I lth and• 84th articles of the Zoll law and Zoll ordinance, Hanover is pledged to lighten the obsta cles to commerce on the frontiers, when this can be dune without endangering the collection of duties, or wherever a local necessity may recommend such a measure. Art. 11. For the encouragement of the sale of highly taxed articles, which have been hitherto in circulation in Hanover, and also for assuring the income whirls Hanover has hitherto received from import, export, and transit duties, which by her sole progress towards the tariff principles of the Zollvercin, an: likely to increase, the following rules are laid down with respect to the revenue of import, ex port, and transit duties, and to the tax on inland beetroot sugar : 1. All unjust duties to be paid back. 2. The part falling to Hanover tram the Zallverein iniome to be in pro portion to the population of Hanover and her allies compared with the whole population of the Verein, this part being on the scale of three-fourths; yet with respect to that part of the impost duties flowing from the tax on beetroot sugar, to be increased at most 20 greschens u year to each inhabi tant. 'flu* income will be taken from Hanover and form part of the general contribution of customs. In like manner will the division of the common transport (ue6ergail9) duties take place. Hanover's contribution to the general expense will be regulated on the population scale. Art. 12. With respect to the portion of the export and transit income, Hanover will belong to the western group of the Zollverein. Art. 13. A supplementary tax for common reckoning shall not he raised on the wares of Hanover in circulation at the time of Ilanover's joining the Vcrein. Art. 14. The duration of this treaty is from Jan. 1, 1344, to Dec. 31, 1861 But if in the meantime a Zell Union oral' the German states should be realised, this treaty will expire the moment the other comes into operation. Art. 14. This treaty to be ratified at latest within the space of four weeks. (Signed) Ono VON MANTEUFFEL, AVO. VON DER HEYDT, VON BODELSCIIWINGII, A. MUNCII3I.II:SP.N, W. VON ILAMMEIL)TEIN. Sept. 7, 1841. This treaty was ratified by the two Kings, on the 11th b'eptember. LATEST FOREIGN EXCHANGES. (By Electric Telegraph.) VIENNA, SEPT. 13.—Five per CCnt. Metalliques, 94. Bank Shares, —; price of Gold, 25 ; ditto, Silver, 18. Exchange on London, 11.34; on Paris, 139. BERLIN, SEPT. 13.—Voluntary Loan, 1041. Na tional Debt, 881'. Russian Four-and-Half per Cents., —. Exchange on London, 6.21 ; on Hamburg, 149 Z. HAMBURG, SEPT. 13.—Three per Cents. Spanish Inland, 32. Russian Four-and-a-Half per Cents., 07. ANTWERP, SEPT. 13.—Five per Cent. Metalliques, 791; ditto Ardoins, 131. Three per Cent. Interior, 341. Russian Four-and-a-Half per Cents., 100. Ex change on London, 25.17. BRUSSELS, SEPT. 13.—Belgian Five per Cents., 100; ditto Four-and-a-Half per Cents., 93; Ex change on London, 25.173. AMSTERDAM, SEPT. 12.—Five per Cent. Metal ligues, 75;;; Two-and-a-Half per Cent. Belgians, —; Five per Cent. Ardoins, 14 3-16. Three per Cents. Interior, 34; ; Russian Four-and-a-Half per Cents., 991 ; Two-and-a-Half per Cent. Integrals, 58 3-16. Exchange on London, 11.871. MADRID, SEPT. B.—Three per Cents., 361; after Boise, 361. Four per Cents., at 151 ; after Bolsa, Five per Cents., at 171 ; after Bolsa, 171. Passives, 63 ; after Boise, 61 p. Coupons at 81; after Bolsa, 81. Bank of St. Ferdinand, 100; Exchange op London, 51 cash. PARIS, Berr. IL I Itat - 1/ma,..litltrber..l Lanai.; Mains - II pr Oenta. II per Coats spr Cents. Neer Loan ... ... 4 pp Cents. 44 rat Cents Dmlgr, S. 1510 I Esehanne on London; &Wen, : . 3, lett Do. 41 Do. 2i . Ptsdinont 5 p.Ct.. I For Amount. , 1 ' day 35 es 1 as :3 11 70 I H 73 SS 30 S3 73 91 30 91 11 Iti ; 90 es Rq 1,95. ts ma Lass, ISSt ... 6 1651 gory Hoods . Snares FINE ARTS.—The small but precious collection of pictures left by the late Baron de Nagell has just been sold by auction at the Hague. " A flock of Sheep in a Meadow," by l'aul Potter, brought 10,000 ft. • " Portrait of a Yo ung Girl," by Rembrandt, 8,0 4 0 f r. ; "Landscape," •by J. Buys dael, 6,000 fr. ; " Landscape," by .1. Ruysdael and P. Won vermin', 4,020 fr. • " A Flemish Kerme ase ," b y T eu i ers the younger, .5,500 Ir. ; " The Shoeing Smith," by P. Wou yermans, 4,400 fr. ; and " Haymaking," by the same, 17.000 fr. The whole sum prod uce d was 180,244 fr. SPAIN. MADRID, Seer. 9. General Armem has arrived in Madrid, and has been gazetted as Minister of Marine. The government of Louis Napoleon has urged on Queen Isabella the expediency of restoring Narvaez to the head of the Spanish cabinet. Christina, how ever, resists this change. But Lersaudi, the Minister of War, wants firmness to brave the displeasure of the Duke of Valencia, who is supposed to be on the eve of returning to Madrid. The reported journey of the Queen-mother to Paris is entirely devoid of foundation. The report of the committee on the budget will be ready on the Ist November, when the Cortes will be re-opened. PORTUGAL. The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company's ship Iberia, C. F. Burney, R.N., com mander, arrived at Southampton yesterday with the usual Spanish and Portuguese mails, in charge of Lieut. Langton, R.N., Admiralty agent. The Iberia brings about 40 passengers, among whom is the Duke d'Aumale, from Cadiz.. The dates are: Gibraltar, Sept. 4; Cadiz, Sept. 5; Lisbon, Sept. 9; Oporto and Vigo, Sept. 10. The freight' list includes 17 packages specie. Captain Burney reports the existence of yellow fever at Oporto, and mentions that the Iberia was placed in quarantine at Vigo in consequence of hav ing called off Oporto, and the 50 deck passengers, who had to be landed at Vigo, were conveyed to the lazaretto there, where they would be detained 14 days. On the 9th inst., the Iberia exchanged signals with the schooners Effort and Levant, off Lisbon ; and on the 13th, 12 miles south-west of the Start Point, with the barque Water Lily, steering to the 'westward. _ _ The steamer Punch, 13 days from London and 7 from Falmouth. bound to Constantinople ; and the Peninsular and Oriental steamer Jupiter, 7 days from Southampton, for Constantinople, touched at Gibraltar on the 2nd inst. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Tagus, 51 days from Southampton, arrived on the 3rd, and proceeded for Constantinople. The Russian steamer I'ruth left Gibraltar on the 3rd, for Constantinople. The Lisbon naval news of the 9th is to the effect that La Hogue, 60, would remain in port while Com modore Martin proceeded upon a short cruise with the Prince Regent, 90; Leander, 50; Arethusa, 50; Arrogant, 46; Encounter and Hecate steamers. The Iberia spoke her 'Majesty's ship Vengeance, on the 9th inst., working into the Tagus. Our correspondent writes: LISBON, SEPT 9. The Cabralistas are putting into circulation all sorts of reports, having for their object the misin formation of the people, inculcating the belief of the insecure state of the government, and their de sire to call to their aid the leading men of the Sep tenibrista party, while their real object is to throw dust into baldanha's eves in order that he may not be able to see what tlieir aims are. They are, as I said in my last, using every exertion to create parti sanship in their favour to gain their electoral pur poses ; while, on the other hand, they have come to a resolution at a meeting to abstain from the urn ; this is the greatest possible confirmation of what I really believe will turn out to be the fact—that they already find they have no chance of gaining the elections, and that therefore they place as much re liance upon the success of the next effort at open re bellion as they did upon the attempt made at Vizen, which was obstructed. Their language against their adversaries is not circumscribed within tempe rate bounds, which makes the prospect rather fear ful. Time, however, will soon give us a result to one of their endeavours. There is, nevertheless, a very grave question attending Terceira's having been put torward to sign the Calwalite " declaration," already orwarded, which refers to Majesty itself. It will be recollected that when Saldanha openl y opposed Thomar's government, the Queen dismisse d him from the office of Lord High Steward. Terceira now places himself by his act not only in open hos tility to Saldanha's governnwnt, but at the head of a faction ; the natural question therefore is, will the Queen dismiss Terceira from his office about her per son? It is said the duke has declared he has been placed in the position iu question much against his inclination ; it cannot, however, be supposed that Senhor bilva Cabral has more influence over him than the Queen herself; it therefore causes his act to be viewed with considerable suspicion ; as the least it shows is, that the Cabralites have taken up a hos tile position in the Queen's palace against her go vernment ; it must also be borne in mind that Padre Marcos is again in attendance upon royalty, and his restless intnguing spirit may have been directed to wards the Cabralites gaining the points they already occupy. Here, however, I must leave the question, merely observing that the great body of the people are supporting the government, minus theCabralites, the .Miguelites being entirely neutral. lilanannthi battalion of assassins at Bela has at lcnjth been ordered to be dissolved. '1 he propositions for furnishing the army are to be opened on the 11th: this indicates that jobbing in contracts is abolished. The circumstance of the Duke of Terceira having signed the " Declaration," is beginning to excite at tention, as it is said, there is no idea of dismissing kim; this, coupled with a report that reached us from Villa Real, that it was there spread that he was to place himself at the head of the 14th and other regiments, in open array against Saldanha, has engendered the belief that a military insurrection is nearer than can be calculated upon, as a report of that nature would not be eagerly spread among soldiers without an object ; independent of the con sideration that the duke must be encouraged in his opposition to the government, a strong suspicion exists that a plot was laid to assassinate Saldanha coming from Mafia on the sth, but his aide-dc camps being advised of it took precautionary Inca urea to prevent it. With respect to the question of the re-admission of Senhor Fermi, to the cabinet, the ministers will have a meeting . upon it to-day Fontes Pereira de Mello, the Minister of Marine, has too much upon his hand to continue to hold the portfolio of finance ; the return, however, of Fcrrao to the cabinet, is by no means certain, thcugh it may be expected, how ever, as the Queen comes to town from Cintra on the 11th, Fcrrao or some other minister for finance, will by that time be fixed upon; yet no other name has been mentioned as likely to supplant him. The Duke de Aumale arrived in Lisbon on the 7th, and went to Mafia immediately to pay his respects to their Majesties. A court mourning has been ordered on the occasion of the death of the king's father. The passengers who arrived from Oporto in the steamer on the ith, report that there had not been any new case of supposed yellow fever; that those attacked had communicated with the various vessels that had arrived from Brazil, and that the vessels were to be removed to a place of quarantine, as well as the goods which had been landed. Exchange, 54 discount of Lisbon bank notes, 21 per cent. AMERICA. ARRIVAL (IF 1111; CANADA I.lVgitl l / 1 /1,, ?:' ?its.% Y AloaNts•o. 134 night. at 7 o'clock, the British and North American royal mail steamship Canada, Captain Harrison, arrived off the Bell Buoy, being within twelve miles of the Mersey; but in consequence of an intense fog, whieli rime on suddenly, the vessel was amble to proceed farther than Bootle Bay, abreast of the Hoek Lighthouse, where she remained, firing signal guns at Intervals, until some time after midnight, before the Satellite succeeded in making out her signal light. About two o'clock this morning her mails wore landed. The Canada tat Boston at 12.44 P.M., on the 3rd instant, passed the steamer America on the 4th, arrived at Ilalifax on the .sth, and after taking on board her mails and despatches, and landing some puasengers, proceeded on her voyage to Europe. She brings 230,000 dollars in specie, about 50 passengers, and a small freight. On the sth, at half-past 7 in the evening, saw a large steamer (supposed to he the Franklin); on the 10th, at 9 a.m., in lat. 53.24 N., and lon. 28.40 W., passed the Europa for Huston ; and at 4.30 p.m. yesterday, saw the Africa, then three hours firom hence, on her outward voyage to New York. The royal mail steam ship America, from hence, arrived out at Halifax on the 3rd inst. ; and the United States mail steamer Atlantic, at New York, on the Ist inst., at 6 o'clock in the morning. The intelligence brought by the Canada, in regard to the affairs of Cuba, is still very conflicting, ac , counts precisely of an opposite nature being in equal circulation through the American press. The latest reference to the fate of Lopez is contained in the very important telegraphic despatch from New York rut liahfax, of the 4th mat., which is as follows: ELECTRIC DESPATCIL "NEW YORK, SErr. 4 . ROL P.Y. " Semi-official accounts received from Washington state the government possess information that, on the 25th August, Lopez had been able to maintain himself, but with very reduced force; not one Creole had joined him, his prospects were desperate; it is a personal struggle for his own and the lives of his few remaining followers; no reinforcements havo gone from New Orleans, and the government is sue ce•ssfully exerting itself to prevent any. The col lector of customs at New Orleans has been removed from office tin• alleged indifference in Cuban matters. California accounts to August Ist arrived here to-day. Mining statements continuo favourable, business reported better. The steamer Oregon, from San Francisco to Panama, has upwards of two millions of dollars, in dust, on board. " Stock market to-day very dull. Steamer America's news was received here yesterday ; its effect has been to advance cotton about a quarter of a cent. In flour and grain no change of CWISCIFICIICC." The advices from South .A merica have been anti cipated in England by the arrival here of the Brazil mail. From the West Indies, notwithstanding the recent arrival of the British mail from thence, we have later dates via New York, at which lsn•t the British steamer Merlin arrived on the Ist inst., from St. ihomas on the 21st ult., and Bermuda on the 27th. A letter dated " St. Georges, Bermuda, Aug. 26 k " says : _ _ - TM; barque Thomas Prince, Conant, sailed on the ?3rd inst. for New York. This vessel was detained twenty-four hours by order of the governor, and the captain brought on shore, atter leaving the harbour, for the purpose of investi gating a case preferred against him by an of of the 56th Regiment, charging him with aiding or conniving at tho desertion of five soldiers belonging to that corps, and which were found on board and alongside the vessel on the night of the 21st and day of 22nd inst. After a lengthy examina tion of witnesses before the magistrates, with the Solicitor- General in attendance, as prasecutor, Captain Conant was acquitted of having any knowledge whatever of the fact. Lio attended the court under protest. From Hayti we learn that everything was quiet in the political affairs of the island. The Emperor, with the army and squadron, was at Cape llaytien, on account of the report that a French and an English war-steamer had left on the I Ith for Capo Mexico continues in a state of great disturbance. Congress was engaged in the discussion of tho Tehuantepec affair with closed doors. A riot had taken place in Durango, caused by the scarcity of corn, in which four persons lust their lives. Considerable :mace is occupied in the columns of the New York pipers by the reports of several addi tional cases of arrest of fugitive slaves in various parts of the Union. In one of them (previously re ported in the English journals), where a cook on board a river steamboat had been knocked down, on his apprehension by the son of his owner, and a writ of habeas corpus subsequently sued out, the slavo had been discharged un the ground that he had escaped before the act was passed, and that it was not retrospective in its overation. A carriage was provided and kept in readiness by his friends, into which he hurried as fast as was possible, and with a happy countenance waved an adieu to all around and proceeded at a rapid pace towards the land of freedom—British Canada! Another, a mulatto, who had lately married and settled in business as a tailor, in Poughkeepsie, where he conducted himself very respectably, was sent off a prisoner to South Carolina—the L'ourt feeling constrained to decide that the slaveholder's claim on hint is st ronger than that of his wife, who is a most exemplary mem ber of a presbyterian church in Poughkeepsie and the superintendent of a Sunday school connected therewith. A subscription to effect his purchase had been set on foot, and the distress of the poor woman would have been turned to joy by the re demption of her husband, were it not for the require ment that he should be taken as a slave to South Carolina before being set free. This, added to tho exorbitant price demanded fur him, (1,7.50 dots.) pre vented his ransom. The New York Tribune says :—" We have a deep conviction that this slave-catching business will not always be practicable in the tree State of New York." It is believed that the late deficit in the Phila delphia Bank case will be settled without any mate rial loss to the bank. Advices from Yucatan to Aug. 15 have been re ceived at New Orleans. The troubles which have so long disturbed the Peninsula arc subsiding. Mom complaints are made of English interference in the affairs of the country. The steamer Alabama, running between New Or leans and Vera Cruz, having been erroneously re ported as sold to the Cuban patriots, was seized by the United States authorities, but was subsequently released, on the assurance of her owners that tho report was false. The brig Grecian, Captain Gilchrist, from Sa vannah, arrived at Thomaston, Mc., Aug. 29, with the loss of her officers and all the crew by yellow fever. Captain Gilchrist was five days alone with the sick, steering the vessel, cooking, &c. The brig was also struck by lightning. Our New York correspondent writes as follows : NEW YORK, SEPT. 2. The Atlantic arrived yesterday morning, after a rough passage of 11 days and 15 hours. Sho brought the news of her having beat the America out, and also of the performance of the American yacht, while in company with some English vessels, off Cowes. These naval triumphs are particularly agreeable to us at this moment, when we have re ceived so many unfriendly hints from the English press, especially front the Times. It is understood that large reinforcements are on their way to Lopez from different ports of the southern states. I know the fact that up to Monday the cabinet at Washington considered the affair terminated, and the president has done everything in his power to break up the expedition. Latterly far more secrecy has taken place in their organisation, with the ex ception of the movement in New Orleans, whict was open, and in defiance of the United States marshal. Hardly in defiance either, for the functionary took good care to make himself scarce as we say, just about the time the Pampero sailed. In my last I com mitted an error in attributing the command of the Cuban invaders, in New Orleans, to Gen. Houston, the United States senator from Texas. Gen. Felix Houston is the commander, and is organising a force of 5,000 men, which he says shall not be in contra vention of any of our laws or treaties. We have by the way of New Orleans dates from the city of Mexico to the ltith ult., and from Vera Cruz to the 21st. The legislature was to assemble ou the 20th. The senate had declared in favour of a general confcdo • ration ! A tb when tains 1 out, at fOrett The Orleaf seized —, Gre The ci want the co The Dfcsic tom, prison Ad , receiv the P. .e mast( vcrnn arran an eq ing Lion c prom: An City. TIICSC 50 MC that t taken Thu lowin Thi llava Cobol Gear' laws afters 5,000 also sl so. for th Vol the tv upon A utroc. jos,. • were that n flu " vie Fifty done you t sister Thin grivr tuotiv 41 " POUT prise rti IU. I tru fully who ever are mca