The Express. — London, England, 1847-09-16 00:00:00

wow . 6,7/ ~~ G-~ ) ‘,:i"--Z.--.-.. '~l CAUTI 0 N.—A. ROWLAND and SON, 20, ' il i aten.yaren, London. bee to caution the nobility and gentry i.) tf . t , eltAnits , uge ab i lvitteru. who, to ouu roy • Yitn .s. pired " 3: on of atrr „,i t h, F ulernoueet dopartrcnte. with *hailer atternida et devi o. while Rua MI Or 1 . 1 . 1 .1bb h ilk 3 3 3,l,, ftkerneftt . , and te4Lele 3 W tuttetit::::ee Y' 4 !:::TCYPeI re? ma veir, • ort, r .l-..0. 1 r 7 , old) m . rolne Slacieimr K " isi)doc l o Mort , are Row iao.l and the urapper uf mat lktu-3 thew,. rr . • gow y n ,L. iewcedine . that or the article. with their 'denature et 0, (out in red Ink. thu•—"LAND RON." Sold by them • at h‘, Ilationewitco. London. and by all ceserniste and perfumer. DR. CULI LBW LLL OyID ST wlao aIIEALTII AND LON? tIZE. Willi IV EO l , INl3 w At'oiD ; with Pict Tabln for all Complaint,. By R. J. Cr tv Few gi.t. M.D., M. R.C.S.. L. A.C.. te. flow L , fu-ure porfixt dlgeition. tranquil fmilugn. a good night! rest. a Clear hos& and a contented mind. B an obrerranee of the in.trootions herein nintaind, the feeble. the nerrointly delicate. e'en to the loor4 phAttered dalsittlon. Why Oepuirc the cristeet amount of phpOmi haildupei, arid reach la health the full pedal of 311otted to wt.. To be had of Sherwood. M Psterporkr.row ; earralho. 147. Fleet. meet : laud. Cornhill ; . 41, 457. Wl4 Strand ; or direct from tie:amber. 111. Aro Belem. Roientoitreet. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. THIS DAY, Four o'Clock. SIIAKSPEARE'S_ HOUSE. Shakespeare's house was sold this day at the Auc tion Mart, and purchased by the committee for 3,00 W. We yesterday announced the receipt of intelligence from Lisbon to the 9th instant, and gave an outline of the news, details of which the following letter will supply : LISBON, Sere. 9. Although no public event during the entire period of the late troteiles has caused more interest than the ru moured recall of Costa Cabral to Portugal; jet, perhaps, no single occurrence has parted off mote quietly, or with so little sensation, than the actual return of the droaded ex minister to Lisbon. Demonstrations by the troops, military music, fireworks and illuminations, and a brilliant public re ception by his political partisans—all bad been looked for; instead of which the court favourite quietly proceeded to his own house, without parade of any kind, thus balking all prophesying, and disappointing all expectations. All parties rave are flatly occupied to election preparations, and in the usual contentions and squabbling' c .nnectod with registra tion. In reference to this very important matter a fact of great interest has just appeared, being the emit of the deliberations of the high royalist (Miguelite) chiefs, at a meeting of their principal leaders, convened by the Marquis of Bella., Don Joao de Castello Branco, Mon senhor Joze Maria do Cunha (a high church dignitary), and Joze Pereira Palha de Faria Guise,. The reunion took place on the tith inst,. at the Palace of Ayres de Se Nogueira. The useenblage was moat brilliant. embracing nearly the entire nobility of the country, and, after brief discussion, it was unanimously resolved to support the popular cause with their whole force at the coming elections. Since his arrival Costa Cabral has addressed a letter to the editor of the Estan darte, the organ not so much of his party as of his family (the paper being the property of the brothers). In this docu ment he endeavours to show that the political creed of his sect, and the measures they propose for adoption, are the ouly ones capable of meeting the present emergencies of the state and the financial crisis in which the country is involved. The address in tone is most conciliatory. A recent event at Oporto, for n time, thrtatened a fresh outbreak of the citi zens. On the 30th of List month some slight disturbances occurred in Oporto, occasioned by the violent conduct of a portion of the non-commissioned officers of its garrison, and, on the following day, the Ist of September, at about 5 o'clock in the afternoon, a 'bodyy, of these people, in number 13, after breaking the windows and smashing in the doorways of the liberal Deputy Jute Passes, and of other indivi lush of popular opinions, proceeded to the °tinting office of the Nocional o the organ of the liberals, and, having brutally beaten the compositors and other workmen of the establishment, sacked the premises, and destroyed the type, they departed, but returned shortly after, armed with ham mers, when they commeoced demoliehing the whole place. This brought up the civic guard, who, instead of falling upon and capturing the ruffians, made a prisoner only of M. J. G. Basto, the unfortunate editor and proprietor of the journal, new a rained maa, and carried him off to gaol, as the originator of the outrage, by his style of writing, die tasteful to the military, and particularly obnoxious to the brutal banditti by whom he had been &railed. The mili tary governor, Count Casal, highly applauded the conduct of the soldiery, and up to this present time retains the unfor terote editor a close prisoner in the town gaol. The prin cipal outrage of which M. Basto is accused is his having forcibly denounc-d the inicmitous system being pursued by . the government with a view to carry the election", eogile gut to•ei. Wherever it it impossible in a parish or polling district so to monufecture the registry as to leave a certain majority for the court, creatures, a strong detachment of soldiery, some- ' times a whole battalion, are marched off to the place, and there their names are inscribed as entitled to votes; therefore, with such an agency at their disposal, and the hutting" en circled with such electors, you mty safely prophecy an as tounding majority to the Queen's ministers. But, in the meantime, the court faction are somewhat divided amongst themselves, as the Duke of Saldanha has put himself at the head of a sort of rival chartist election committee, I in opposition to that presided over and guided by Costa Cabral; and this little split, therefore, if not at once put an end to, may have an effect adverse to the complete success of the party when the hour for the struggle arrives. But little doubt exists but that Costa Cabral will easily smooth down opposition in this quarter, and rumour even goes so far as to say that the noble Duke of Terceira's price is to be the post of commander-in-chief of the army, which the Queen's husband is now desirous of relinteakibMgO ffhibilSaldanha le to be shelved by being named ambassador at Madrid. From Angola we have letters up to June 22, upon which day the Portuguese brig of war Audit left, and arrived in the Tagus last week. The news from the colony is of an extraordinary de scription, and most painful. it would appear that th e ToffesVe dras prisoners, victims to the barbarous revenge of the Queen and her husband, had been treated with brutal severity, and that the Count of Bowfin, the prisoner of most importance, together with his two sons, had been separated from their companions in exile, and sent off to the noxious and horrible locality of Moesamcdas on the coast south of Luanda, where, however, they did not remain long, for the inhabitants, uniting with the small military force there, effected a revo lution, and gave liberty to the captives, and the Queen's governor and some four or live others were in their turn placed under restraint, while the political prisoners, in all forty-three, embarked on boar* a small Portuguese war vessel at anchor there, with the intention of escaping to St. Helena. Before, however, their preparations fur de parture were quite completed, Count Bombs, with a chival rous feeling, released the governor, with his three or four companions, upon parole; and baselywas the indulgence taken advantage of, for immediately following there appeared off the coast the English cruiser the Flying Fish, Commander Bike. The goy, rent immediately communicated with Cap tam Dyke, who made an attack upon the little Portuguese vessel with armed boats, and captured her and the unfor tunate noblemen and gentlemen on board, and then taking fresh instrucuons from the governor, transferred them to his own vessel, and delivered them over to the governor of Leanda. Count Bomfio, before being delivered up to the dungeous of Lunde, presented a paper to Captain Dyke, indignantly protesting, on behalf of himself and fellow captive., against this flagrant outrage, demanding the authority for the act, and claiming the protection of the British flag : the remonstrance being sneered at, the count, sageneral officer, and a peer of Portugal, was immediately given up to the authorities to be confined in an African pri son. The account has been received here with general indignation. The Vidigueira assassinations of the parish clergyman and the two ladies ('arneiro, have not been suffered to pose with impunity : impunity from legal consequences the iustie gator of these murders may escape but the whole funs of the tragedy are now bared, and before the public. It ap pears that .political motives had nothing to do with the horrible deed, but the features of the ease are such as to render them difficult of credence even in a semi-civilised land. A rela'ive of Costa Cabral, who bad been a waiter at'. a wine-shop, was, upon his cousin's advent to power, nomi nated to the chief appointment of the district, " admi ' nistrador "—a sort of minor magistrate—and upon his altered fortunes married a decent young woman of the neighbourhood; and a near connexion of the murdered ladies. By their death a valuable inheri tance was upon the point of falling in to the wife of the administrador who was next in succession : but as the deceased would have had the power of disposing of the property by will, this cruel man got up the tragic affair, and, availing himself of the passions of a drunken patrol, contrived the catastrophe. The accused is found guilty, but being a Cabral, small hopes areentertained that justice will be allowed to take its course. The scattered soldiery, too, are pursuing their work of murder and pillage without the least chock. The last act of notoriety has been the murder of one Frenchman, and the frightfully wounding of another, his companion, by bayonet thrusts, and the rob bery of both. Messrs. Pierre Viecent and Fiol, French commercial travellers, having occasion to leave Tavira (Algarve) for Faro, were stopped when they reached Con teicao by the guard at the place, composed of four soldiers. The first named was shot through the body and fell dead; the other was bayoneted, but escaped with life, and was enabled to crawl away, after being robbed of I,Boof. which he had on hi. person. Without money, nearly naked, dying with hunger, M. Fiol contrived to reach Lisbon, where the French consul had him immediately placed in the hospital ; he has since quitted it, but with the loss of all use of one arm, which was repeatedly pierced by the bayonets of these Algarve troops. M. de I. &rennet has bad the case in hand, and we shall see the result. From all parts of the country account. come teeming in of similar barbarities. The English sailors here on liberty have of late been cresO iaa mach disturbance on the quays and in the streets it is ?tally painful and humiliating to see groups of them at every earner in a helpless state of intoxication, fighting amongst themselves, and quarrelling with every pewee by. Such a state of things is no: without results . there arc 7 men of the fleet missing ;2 have been drowned, and three nights ago one poor wretch paned along in a litter, covered with blood, having been stabbed in about a dozen places in some street ilow. It is greatly to be lamented that the precaution is not instituted of having a strong body of marines on shore with officers to uace upon and send on board every one of these excitable fellows, the moment he was seen in the street to be put taking care of himself. The missing seven of course have been made away with after being plundered. Rear-Admiral Sir Charles Napier was to sail on the 10th lawsuit train the Tagus with the British squadron for a cruise, leaving the America off Lisbon. I° commerce there is nothing new. Bank notes are slightly but slowly recovering ; the discount from 1920 has fallen to 1680, an improvement, though trifling. Our gas company is ha r d at work, and we are promised a brilliant &Lionization ere long. BOSTON, SEPT., 1817. Since the departure of the last steamer, the election returns have been with us a topic of paramount insportaace, scarcely lees absorbing than the war with Mexico. Themes there are three or four states not at present heard from. there ie-minne t. ttterst fee tdarT.V.lle 60tbt that out next nouse of Representatives will be whig. According to the most moderate calculation the wleig party will number 116 out of 22S members. Unless a peace is concluded before the meet ing of mailmen of which event there appears but little pi essset, the war, its object, its probable results, and its speedy termination or more vigorous prosecution, will, of course, be the leading question of the session. Connected with this, the rexata queestio of the famous " Wilmot Pro viso" will be once more revived, and some strong discussions may be expected to ensue. This " proviso," as you will recollect, is a declaration on the part of congress, that in no territory hereafter acquired by the United State', either "by purchase, conquest, or voluntary annexation, shall the institution of domestic slavery be recognised by the laws and constituted authorities of the United States." This law, if carried into effect, would, in the event of the acquisition of Mexican territory, surround the slave states with a cordon of free territory, vir tually prohibiting the emigration thither of south erners with their " property," offering a refuge on all sides to their runaway "chattel," servants, and in fact, striking a heavy Wow and great discouragement at the " peculiar institution" itself. When the President asked congress for three millions of dollars to facilitate hie plans for securing a speedy peace, the very demand was un derstood to intimate that further territory was to be acquired. The purchase of Mexican lands seemed involved in the vote, and the question was whether that land-free at present should continue free, or receive from us the :stet in stitution of slavery. The proviso intended to prevent the latter alternative was proposed to be appended to the three million grant by Mr. Wilmot of Pennsylvaniain the House of Assembly, and deliberately sanctioned by the house. Great and protracted stiuggles were made to defeat it, but they only resulted in • re-affirmation of this great pets'. ciple. The senate (where the slevehelders have a majority) struck out the proviso, and constrained the house at last to grant the money without qusliiication •' but although they tid so from motires of immediate expediency, it was well understood by all that it was a mere postponement of the question to present necessity. This momentous question will soon come again before congress. The eouthern members to a man will merge political differences in the necessity for what they call " self. preservation," and oppose it. In the northern and wester. ewes the sante unanimity of action will not exist. The ultimite fate of the measure it is impossible to foresee, but it must be confessed that the present aspect of things looks ominous for its success. At times like the present, the voice of the venerable John Quincy Adams—now lingering on the verge of the grave— is deserving of peculiar attention, both from his experience and his patriotism. In • letter recently published with his sanction, he avows that " his confidence in the perpetuity of our government is much shaken. lie regards us as tending towards a military despotism." The attempt to make Gen. Taylor president upon the popularity which he has gained in a few battles he regards as ominous of the downfall of re publican iustitutions. He a prebends that we shall follow in the footsteps of those republics that have gone before us. The usurpations of Mr. Polk, in sending an army into Mexico at the instieation of his own will—the extension of the slave power by the annexation of Texas and by con quest—arc evidences to his mind that the end of our govern ment draws nigh ; at least, he regards them as portending no good to the American people, &c. &c. It is not easy to foresee how General Scott can make a treaty with such a government as Mexico at present pos sesses, bat the prevalent opinion is that if, on his arrival in the capital, the existing government persist in their obsti nacy, he will form one, and with them patch up a treaty ; which creature of his own, backed by the church party (whose favour be has been very anxious to conciliate throughout), and the presence of some United States troops, will probably be the most efficient government Mexico has had for some years, and this mil be the commencement of a new and better era for that unhappy country. The terms which Mr. Trist is authorised to make to Mexico are the ac knowledgment by them of a boundary lino from the 36th degree of latitude, thence to the Pacific, the cession to the United States of California and New Mexico, and a right of way across the isthmus of Huanhatepee, the United States paying for the territory ceded, and taking on itself debts due by Mexico to American citizen,. The annexation of Cuba is a subject which is now gravely discussed by some of our leading journals. The speech of Lord Palmerston in the House of Commons, intimating that the time might come when the British government might deem it necessary to make reprisals on the Spanish colonies for debts due from Spain, has given the alarm here, and there is no doubt that a large and influential portion of the American peup"e would prefer war with Great Britain rather than see her add Cuba to the list of her colonies. The slave holders of Cuba would themselves prefer annexation to t'itis country, from motives of self-interest. Our government, some time back, notified that it would not willingly see England acquire Cuba. The subject is perhaps pre maturely, and certainly too warmly, taken up on this side. The manner in which Lord Palmerston, in the same speech, alluded to the defalcations of some of our states. created much bitter feeling here, which, however, ban been in a great manner allayed by the handsome manner in which the United States were alluded to in a subsequent debate, intel ligence of which reached us by last steamer, and which was highly gratifying to all on this side of the water, who are anxious to draw closer the bonds of friendship existing bo tween the two countries. The number of emigrants to this country for the present year is without parallel ; so, also, are the sufferings expe rienced by them unequalled. In Canada, especially, the ship and typhus fevers rage, until the quarantine ground at Quebec is • perfect charnel house. In New York end Baton the emigrants have suffered several ; but tee isceliaat te. galotions adoparibia both tiffs Mkt iambi du wed of I contagion. All prates in due to the authorities of these places ; nothing that could alleviate the sufferings or admi ' niater to the comfort of the afflicted has been spared. At ' New Orleans the yellow fever is raging with virulence ; as ' many as sixty deaths occur in twenty-four hours. The ' number is, without doubt, increased by the many people who are compelled to be there on business connected with the war. At Tampico, also, the rom ito has appeared among our troops in its worst form. Thecrews in the Gulf squadron, too, are suffering with this dire scourge. On Friday last, 27th inst., Governor Silas Wright of New York died of apoplexy. Ile was the prominent candidate of the democratic party for the next presidential election. Mr. Wright was an admirable debater, and when in the United States senate stood among the ablest of the great men of either party. He had the confidence of all parties, and was warmly attached to the great principles of human freedom. Mr. Wieght's death will einbarass his political friends in the empire state. I regret to see the beat men of the two great parties dying off, as their talent, virtues, and moderation do much to give limitations to party violence.—Y. Z. A Philadelphia correspondent writes: The venerable Henry Clay, the saga of Aslibuid, bus paid a visit to the north. The tour was • " strictly private one," undertaken for the purpose of direrting his mind from the scenes which constantly re called the memory of his son, Major Clay, who fell at the battle of Buena Vista. Everywhere he appeared the apontaneoua enthu dawn of the people overwhelmnl him with honours and attentions. Ills route was an uninterrupted ovation. No man can properly con ceive the depth and strength of the attachment of the people to this great and noble roan; sad a general and sympathetic movement is at this moment in progress throughout the country which may force him upon the political stage at the next cans-e, with brighter prospects than ever. If be were freed from the odium of slavery,. there could be nu doubt of his election; but I still adhere to my opinion, that no slaveholder except • military hero, who will draw off • large portion of the " hurrah boys" of the democracy, can ever again be elected President. SHERIFFS' COURT.—Tats Div. Before Mr. Under-Sheriff BombeU. STELGAL V. SMITH.—PASSING THE COLLEGE.—This was aa action to recover the sum of ten guineas, oh defendant's guarantee. The plaintiff is a doctor of medicine, and the amount was claimed for services in qualifying a friend of the defendant to pass the College of Surgeons. it appeared by the evidence that a young man named Palmer came up from Hugely, to pass the College of Surgeons and Apothecaries' Hall, aid agreed to pay the plaintiff fifteen guineas for instruction, and the defendant alms wrote a letter, saying that if Palmer could pass in a month, he (defendant) would nuke plaintiff a present of ten guineas. Palmer passed within the time specified, and gave plaintiff 151. beyond his agreement, together with two dozen of chompaigne, some hams, meat, cigars, and scuff, and ultimately a grand dinner was given to him. Palmer, who was called as a witness, proved that plaintiff and defendant met, but could not state the conversation, as be did not dine with them; for his examination had been so inciting to his appetite, that he ordered dinner instanter.—The learned Secondary• said, the question was, whether the plaintiff had done more than was his duty under the can ' tract with Palmer. If Palmer could have passed upon tke ordinary instruction, then the defendant would not be liable, for there would be a want of consideration for the contract. If, however, the jury thought from the evidence that more assiduity was shown by the plaintiff to facilitate the defend anes object than could have been justly expected of him under the original contract, then they would find for the plaintiff.—Verdict for plaintiff, 101. 10s. ADDRESS To SIR HARRY SMTTR.—Yesterday a meeting was held at the Crown Assembly Rooms, Ports- mouth, and u address to Sir Harry Smith agreed to unani mously. A deputation having waited upon the gallant general at the George Hotel. he, at once, proceeded to the meeting, where he was received with loud cheers. Lord Gleam Lennox read the address, which was one of con gratulation and gratitude for past services, and anticipations of their renewal in the new sphere of action to which he had been called. Sir Harry acknowledged the compliment in an impressive speech. Sir Ham Smith was afterwards entertained by the gallant Light lirigade. The entertain ment pasted off with great eclat. RUSSIAN GRAIN.—Of the recent arrivals of grain, of various kinds, front the continental states of Europe, dur ing a period of six days, there arrived no less than 57 vessels at the port cf London alone from the Russian ports, which were, with one or two exceptions. in which other Russian productions formed a trifling portion of the cargo, entirely laden with grain, the growth of Russia. It will be borne in mind that these arrivals took place at the metropolis, and do not include those at other parts of the kingdom, which were numerous ; or at the port of Liverpool, which were of an ex tensive character. We must also mention that probably the average arrivals of previous weeks were scarcely leas ex tensive than the one under notice. Some of the vessels included in the number mentioned as having arrived during the week, brought nearly 4,000 qrs, of grain, while others brought something less than 1,000 qrs. each; to take an enrage, therefore, of 2,000 qrs. for each c arg o, which is within the mark, the quantity of grain imported from Russia alone into the metrepolis in one week, exceeded 100,000 qrs. —a very large quantity certainly, and which when added to the large supplies from other directions, will give an idea of the amount of grain which has poured into the country. With few exceptions, the arrivals of grain from the United States, Tbt (fortss N0.327.] LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, SEPT. 16, 1847. [3d. are;designatrd in the official reports of the 'hits' cargoes according to the amount or quantity of grain on board in bushels, which of course swells the numerical figures, and if this quanti , y from Russia were reduced in the tame props,- Lion, it would comprise more than three-quarters of a n busl.cls of corn. HARVEST IN FRANCE.—The Usieens contains the following inforrertion respecting the result of the last crop in France : " In Brittany and Normandy the harvest wu excel lent, and considerable quantities of new wheat have already appeared in the markets. In Upper Normandy wheat sells for 181 per hectolitre, and in Lower Normandy for 22f. This difference is owing to the grain not being sufficiently dry to be sent to market. The northern markets are also stetted with new wheat. The last market at Lille pre sented double the quantity brought thither is August. An important reduction in the price has taken place through out l'.cardy. It amounted to 71. or Bf. per hectolitre at Arras; 81. to 7f. at Amiens; Bf. to 10f. at Beauvais; 7f. to 81. at Mootdidier; 3f. to 41. at St. Quentin; sf. to Gf. at Font St. Maxence, and St at Clermont. In the Beaune the fall was not so marked. It, however, ave raged 61. at Chartres and in the neighbouring towns. Lsrge quantities of wheat and Hour arrived at Havre, from the United States, at the close of August, and a fall likewise ensued. In Alsace and Lorraine, at Meta, Nantes, and Strasburg, the markets are abundantly supplied with new corn. In the Mcurthe and Moselle the same abundance prevails; and wheat is ••Ils, on an average, for 17f. per hectolitre. At Nantes, Tours, and Angers prices continued to decrease, in consequence of the numerous offers of new wheat. In the country around Orleans, Bourget, Clermont, and Lc Puy, the harvest was mot pro ductive, and a consi derable diminution in the rates must shortly manifest itself. The same may be said of Lyons, Dijon, and Besancon. _At Lyons the heetolite• of wheal awns fo r Pfet:4nd, fartlar south, at Toulouse, for 17f." HoLDING BACK THE Nzw CROP.—The wheat crop of the United States for 1847 is probably the largest ever harvested in the country, and yet the quantity of new wheat which has reached a market up to the present time is unprecedently small. Instead of the half-million of bushels which, at a moderate computation, are ordinarily brought to market before the let of September, it is be lieved that not more than 50.000 bushels of the new crop has yet been uttered for sale. None has been received here, and very little in New York or Philadelphia; and we understand that it is impossible to buy new wheat at the west, at rates which will permit buyers to realise a profit at the present New York prices. The farmers in the interior kayo made so much money during the past year, that they can afford to hold back the products of the late harvest until prices rise ; and the cons, quence is, that, notwith standing the immense crops of the present season, and the amount of old stock remaining in the hands of pro iucers, &c., the markets are unusually bare of wheat, and Hour is held at prices which could not be sustained for a week, if the article were not kept back by holders in the hope of obtaining an advance on its present value. Many of our flour merchants expect that the next at amer will bring tidings of a rise in Cur and wheat abroad. Should this expectation he fulfilled, prices here, in consequence of the barene.s of our markets, will probably run up beyond the mark which the foreign advance will seem to justify ; and when they have reached a point satisfactory to the western farmers and other speculative holder', an avalanche of flour and wheat will be poured into the Atlantic cities, and we shall have a sudden collapse In prices, a panic, and • smash. A few keen And cautious speculators will realise be , fore the market is swamped with supplies. and scores will be ruined. The farmers, if they consulted their own interest, would bring the produce of the late harvest forward now, when they can obtain fair remunerating prices for it. If they continue to hold it back on speculation, they will assuredly have to take less in the end.— Troy IV/rig. HINTS ON TILE PRE.ERVATION ot , POT.tTOES.— The potato crop having arrived at a state of maturity, or nearly so, near Edinburgh, and in an excellent state, it becomes necessary to consider and ail,pt the best mode or preserving them for seed or for future use. A few years ago a premium was offered by the Royal Society of Dublin for the hest mode of preserving them mare for tea months after they bad been taken from the ground. The following is an epitome of the method followed by the successful candidate, with some preliminaries: The best species of potato recommended f.Jr long keeping is the apple (red or white), and they should have been planted in March, ur at the farthest in the middle of April, from the circumstance of that description taking a longer time to mature in the ground than any other. It is aa essentially necessary for the well-keeping and long.keeping of the potato, of whatever description, that the crop be per fectly matured before taking out of the ground. The situa tion in which they are to be pitted must be in the coolest that can ho found. Care must be taken that no water can' lodge in the pits or about them. The pits must not be in any way exposed to the influence of the south sun. An in c'oseel place, surrounded by large trees, is to be preferred, but not under their drop. The cooler the situation is, w:icn dry, the longer will the potato remain without vegetating. Those potatoes which obtained the prize were lifted out a the ground when fully ripe, so late as the month of No vember. They were pitted, as to situatioa eu4 Is the gunner shiftily described, and, in other - rVre, lh carefully as usual. In the middle of the following March the potatoes were taken out of the pits and conveyed to a potato-house, which was else in a great degree over &Mowed by large trees, and that part of the roof exposed to the sun was nearly covered with ivy. There they remained till the 4th of June, undergoing the proeess of being care fully turned over with a wooden shovel every fortnight, or thereabout'. Any buds that w - ere produced, which by this system were eompamtively very few, were not picked off. On the 4th of June there were six cwt. of apple potatoes selected for further experiment. Two cwt. of these were put in a loft over the potato-house, in which was a louvre window facing to the north, and admitting all the changes of the external air. Two cwt. more were put in a cool room, under the same loft, to which there was frequent access. The remaining two cwt. were put in a vault, on a level, however, or nearly so, with the surrounding surface, the whole building being completely overshadowed by large trees, evergreens , and ivy. It was in this situation that he succeeded in keeping or preserving the potatoes, of which he gives the following notes as they were taken : I placed a t hermometer in the vault, and immediately after the potatoes were removed from the potato-house, on the 4'h of June, the degree of heat in the vault at twelve o'clock at noon was 52 degrees; at six o'clock in the afternoon 22 degree. also. Another thermometer, in the open air, on the same day (4th of June), at twelve o'clock at noon, was 72 degrees • r.t six in the afternoon GI degrees. I continued to ob serve that in the vault, from the circum stance of its being so completely overshadowed by trees, &c., the degree of heat was almost always the same, whether the day was warm, cold, or changeable. In the other situations its which I put the potatoes, where in one case I had an open louvre window, and in the other a tolerable cool mom, to which, however, there was fre quent access, I have also placed thermometers, but found that the degrees of heat varied often, in fact, almost every hour of the day, from the circumstance of the partial admis sion of atmospheric air through the louvre window in one case, and the continual ingress and egress to the other. Suffice it to say that in neither of these places the potatoes kept longer than the usual time, about the middle of August —those on the left being the firsato fail, although they had the same care as those in the vault in every other respect. The latter, however, when the degree of heat continued steady at 52 degrees, remained quite sound and fresh, and are likely to be so for two or three months longer, so will appear by the sample produced." The result of the experi ment is, that a cool, low, dry, and even temperature, in a sheltered situation, is the best preservative of potatoes and other tubers—North British Bail. COMMERCIAL 4. MARKETS. MONEY MARKET & CITY INTELLIGENCE. Two o'Clork.—We have thus far had a quiet morn ing, and the day bids fair to pass over without a repe tition of any of the unpleasant incidents which cha racterised the earlier part of the week. Men of business are drawn off from their customary occupa tions by the Bank meeting now in progress. Much importance is attached to the proceedings on this oc casion. The attendance is, consequently, numerous ; but, with some show of opposition, the fceling of the majority is evidently greatly in favour of the existing management. Allusion has been made to the late failure of two hon. members, including that of the late governor, Mr. Robinson, the speakers addressing the court on the subject being of opinion that it is im possible the interests of the public can be properly attended to if directors came to the consideration of the matters before the court with minds disturbed, harrassed, and distracted by the anxieties of their own private affairs. The principle upon which the election of new mem bers and executive officers of the board is conducted, ' was condemned by Mr. Levy, with some animation ; hut, upon the whole, there seems to be every proba bility of the established system of " house lists,"and so forth, being maintained by the proprietary with few dissentient voices. Atter a short attendance at the meeting, we found that objectors were beginning, by their tedious addresses (if addresses they can be pro perly called), to render their auditory excessively im patient, many of the number having already with drawn. _ - . Consols have been done at 861 to Z for time, but are now not so good, the latest quotation that readied ns being but 881 to Business is extremely languid. The foreign funds command no attention. Belgian Stock, 91 to 3 ; Brazilian, 82 to 4 ; the New Bonds, 81 to 3 ; Buenos Ayres, 35 to 8 ; Chili= Six per Cent., 90 to 2 ; the Three per Cents., 61 to 3 ; Danish, 83 to 5; Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cent., 54 to 5; the Four per Cent. Certificates, 87 to 8; Equador, 3to ; New Granada, 10 to ; the Deferred Bonds, 3i to 4; Mexican, 19 to i; guese, 24 to 0; Russian, 1 Spanish,;2oi to 1 ; the The Debt, 41 to 3, ; Venezuela' Debt, 11 to 12. Peravian, 33 to 6 ; Porta [o6 to 8; Five per Cent ees, 291 to 30 ; the Passive 1, 37 to 9; the Deferred M LC Ned 7.4.e . a5., 230 1 3 at Ct.:Coot. Attu , tli . l TOM I per Ct. Austrtaa %a 4, 4* Mr Ct. 14irlati:hoo44,03 4 24, pet Cour ditto, I pat Ct. itrostiloo 402.,113{ Ditto Nett, 1134 I per Ct. Buena* Arm 114.,34 I Ditto Chilian Oda, 2* 2 Ditto Colonth. Def. /464., Columbine Equador Mu, I * 3 per Cl, Donbiti 44., II I 22 per Cr Dutch 2144., * 4 per Ct. Cert. Dotcl. 26* 3 3 pm Ct. Ooot. le.. 1,3 per (Nato. shot Zachogoor bIIY , D. to Sr. pm. FUNDS. 1 Mr Cent 0n”..414..19 PO °resod. Deferred WU. . A 4 per R alealtas.l444. 144 i 4 per Ct. Tensaw Ma.. 34 Portages. Cos, Bad. II I per Ct Madam Ms OH Ditto apaaish Ned WI 1# 3 per Cr. lipsdish Ed.. 291 Pi Spanish Daferted Ms., 13 14 Squish Passive lids., 4 per Ci. enemas Md. le 9 Veseturla Dr Mn: )14.. II RAILWAYS.—The seare market had a slightly improved appearance this morning, but the business transacted was again limited. There was hardly so much stock pressing upon the market. Guaranteed shares, such, for example, as Reading, Guildford, and Reigate, have maintained their price well through all the recent depression. At a meeting of the South-Eastern Railway Com pany, held this day, • dividend was declared as fol lows:-21s. on the paid-up shares; 13s. ld. on the shares No. 1; and Ss. on the shares No. 2. SALES EFFECTED UP TO TWO THIB DAY IN LONDON. (Yesterday'a prises will be found In last pap). . , Btf.lol Ward .18., 204 Lontloilk R. Western, 57411 Bost., Stunt, & Bir., 31 Midland, 113 HO Bucknghamshire, 21 1 Do. 404. oh., 431 3 Caledonian, 304 1 Do. 50/. ph., 11j 1 E. Counties 174 4 Newcastle & Berwick, 311 Do. York Erten., 81 Do. New, tf 4 East I Isbineldre, 101 Norfolk, 103 Gt. Northern, 14 I North British Quarters, 5 Gt. N. of England, 229 lb. Thirds, 14 1 Do. Now Rd. oh., 581 North Staffordshire, Stj 9 Gt. Weetern, 101 4 Oct., Wor., and %Voir., 124 134 Do New 1 it..., 9 Maropshite Union, 11 Ipswich and Bury St Ed., Erten. South Devon, 27 Be. (late CUmb. and Ely), 21 :both Staffordshire, 11 d Lan & Carliele Thirds, 114 8. E. and DOrt; 331 Len. and York., Late M. & L., South Wales, 7 Melees, 40 South York., Deere., & Hoek, 1 Do. W. R. U., 2 11 d York & Newcastle, 34 4 Leeds and Bradfotd, 90 Do. Erten-, 141 London and Blackwell, ff Do. Pref., 101 4 Lon., Brigh., & S. Coast, 46 York & N. Midland, 76 Do. Guar.3 perC., late Croydon Boologne and Amiens, 131 Thirds, 81 Dutch Rhenish, 21 Ina. nod North Western, 1631 Luxembourg, 4 Do. Qte, New, 101 i Pais and Lyons, 21 Da. Fah., IA LIVERPOOL BALES, Braman 13. E. Lanesakire, 31 d 1 Midland, 114 4 Great Northern, 41 d Do. (40/...), 431 Leeds & Dewsbury Ext. (green), Do. Helves, 11 2 p 11 d P. Eastern It Dover (No. 1), 1 4 d Leeds & Thirsk Pref., 11 d York, Neweas., &Berwick Exton. London & North Western, 1621 (No. I), 41 p Do. New Qra., 81 p Do. (G. N. E. Purchare), 2/ p N. Staffordshire, IJ p Do. N. de B. New sh., 21 p Preston & Wyre Halves (B.), 4 p Mid., & Gt. Western, 16 d MANCHESTER PALES, term:nee IS. Amb., Not., & Bost., &E. 1n.,11d Leicester & Bedford, 3-16 a Birm. & Oxford J., 51 p Lon., Manch., & Birm. (C.), 41 p Bolt-, Black.,Clith.,& N.W. Prof. Man., Shelf., & Line. Pref., 1.16 p (No. 1). 4 I) Mon., RIMY., & Line., 34 d Great Northern New, 11 d N. Staffordshire, 11 7-16 p Hod, and Man. R. & C., i d Oldham All Lance, 1 d Lane. & York. Es. (late 3244, Shrews. Dewar, & Chest. Prof. 3 1 1 4 fr: B Per et), 1 1 P Linn. & York. Firths Gate W. B.E. end lover, (NO. 4), 14 d R. U.), 3 11 d York, News, & Berwc. Ex. (No. Leeds, Dews., & March , par 2), 21 p LEEDS SALES, Sernsirera 15. E. LanchashireCirs,l6a. 176.6 d. d Newc. & Berw. New, 2.1. 84.9 d. 21p Gt. Northern, 41 1 d Fad and West Yorkshire, 5 d W. Riding Union, 31e. Ms 6d. _d N. British Thirds, 3s. 2a. 6d. p New Thinks, 12s. d N. Wt ortern, 795. 745. d Leeds and Think, 141 13 4 d York and N. Midland Prof., 61 p Ambergatcs, 34.. rI N. Staffordshire, 11 p M.., Huff., and Lincoln. Pref., York and Neweastk Pref ,21 p Is. p EPA Laneaabirc New, 31 d YORK BALES, SETMIGER 15. Great Northers, 11 If York & New. (Neer. & Ber.), 311 I Ye ers. N),e77. No. 2 (4k New 1 letkrw e DUBLIN SALES, lia.ramera 14. - Dublin and Drogheda, 50 1 Watt. and Kllkennv, 54 ion Gt. tooth. Is West., 2.9 j 1 1 Lim., Ennis, & Kif. Jn., M. 9d. is also EDINBURGH SALES Si:eremite* 14. Dundee k Perth Qrs., Ms 6d. 695. Ellin. and Perth Haber, ss. 9d. UM. & Glasgow, 54 54 Ohm., Dumf., k 6rl 1 81 Fslin., Leith, & Grant. Quarters Gt. Northern, /96.8 d. 79.. Erg., ss. N. British Qr., 5 &lin. and North., 19 I Do. Thirds Erg.. 275. 24.1. Ellin. and Newport, 81 Do. Thirds Scrip, 23e. Do. New Beg., 20.. PRODUCE.—MINCING-LANE, Halfpost Two.— Thi Buyer market is dull, but prices are sustained. The public sales were nearly all withdrawn by the importers, at full prices. They comisted of 700 casks Porto Rico, and 400 bas ke ts of Java. Refined steady; standard quality, 565. to Ild.—Coßee ; The public sales are progress ing heavily, but without any material alteration in prices; good ordinary Ceylon sold at 365. 6d. to 37a., which was a further Blight decline.—Cocoa: A small part only of 300 barrels Trinidad found buyers ; low to good, 435. to 49s.—Cotton : A fair amount of business hu been done, but holders have accepted a shade lower prices.—Spices re main steady.—Rum continues firm; high strengths most in request ; Jamaica, common, good quality, 28 to 36, 30. 10s. to 4s. 10.—Rice dull.—ls other articles no alteration. PRICES CURRENT. e4oAll, per ewt. kitty PAID. W. IndLA,B.P.Men.s.37 60..09 Clid Yellow In Grey 4O 0...13 Fine 44 0...49 Mauritius, brotm 3l 0.. 39 Yellow 3B 0...42 Flue 44 50 Bengal ItMadras,b 3O 0...37 Yellow 3B 0...42 White 42 0...50 Foreign, brown.-- 33 0. .37 Yellow 18 0_39 Grey and white.. 40 0...48 Relined, Ilarabre.. 62 0...699 Lampe 54 .0...57 Comte in Bond. Went India, "A nary U 0...40 0 Good. Fine 7O 0...123 0 Ceylon, good ordi .. ..... 36 0... 37 6 nary Vine ordinary— 38 0... 40 0 Fine OO 0 . 80 Mocha, good to ane 56 0... 7.1 0 Coca Itka, ordi nary to One Sumatra and Ps dang I'm, at per lb. Congou.oonamon- 0 91... 0 01 Rice, at per ewt. Bengal white l6 0... 18 0 C 6 rll o l4 0... 15 0 Jaya l3 0... 17 0 Patna 22 0.. 24 0 Carolina 66 0... 30 0 Omuta. Pigs, No. 1. CO 0... 0 lloope ll 13... 0 Cargo at Cardiff bar 9 0... 0 Swedish ll 5 . 0 Lams, at per ton. 18 10... Zed, sheet l9 3... 0 Bars 22 0_ 0 Patent shot 2l 0... 0 red or mmiwn 19 10...20 Speller 2O 0...711 m e:4,4er 232 straw 27 0... 0 brown k yellow 2B 0.. 0 el S nd la h atter B4 Ced .. . ... 27 10... 0 South fies 23 0...27 49 0...49 Cocoa Nut SO 0...38 Bred, Pape, pale, per ton ......... 37 10...38 Wowed 27 0... 0 P■ 011.2011% We cwt. Butter—Cork, Ist 94 0...96 god 0 0 0 3nl 0 0 0 Dublin, let 0 O'T 0 Limerick, do 92 0..94 Grime, let 94 0.100 Newry let 0 0... 0 Waterford 92 0...98 Beef, India, pet der. Prime Mess 0 0... 0 Pork, prime mess B2 8...93 Bacon-Pork, Lmrk 80 0...82 Bacon, Waterford, 740.001 Belfast La t lie teg* P c r la fr .. k I S° 0-34 Rom at per gull. Leeerserl Island Proof. Demerara, 26 to 56 per sent. O.P. 3 6 Jamaica. 30 to 36 per cent. O.P. 4 0 4 Tamarite marks 4 9 ... grimly, Ist brands 4 7 ... $ British spirits, d.p. 11 0 ... 0 &etch Irish l3 0 0 Fun, per tee. gags, P.T.R. £43 0...33 St. Petersburg, 9 head 0 0 0 Dutch arid Meade►h 55 0...85 Prialand timer, at per ton. St.Peteraborseismo.C3B 0...10 outshot ` l 4 0.. 36 half elan Riga, Khios outsbot Paw Known 36 0...361 Cast India Sums lO 0...18 Bombay lB 0...24 Jute Tug, at per ewt. Rapes B6 0 0 Straits Com. ia blocks BB 0... 0 laces, at per ton. Bare g9 10 £0 Ditto /Sadder O6 4...92 0 Amnia= 24 0...59 0 Hiner, Ox and Cow, at per lb. B. A. and Y. Video, Vied 04.5 d A. 7341 0 3 ...0 Brasil dry DOnelted 0 44. 0 6 0 4 0 45 Rio, dry 0 4f...0 Liebe& Yelp. dry 0 5 ...0 6 Weal India, dry 0 4 ...0 S Salted 0 4. 0 44 East India 0 4 ...0 104 Ga/..les dry 0 1115...0 S. Arete.liorre, per Aide 5 0...11 II Sara* ditto 6 0... 6 6 1)m Woo:" at per tan. Lomod, Israaica C 3 0... 11 5 5 1$ Camp=y 710 11 10 Pestle, as 3 10... 6 10 Nicaragua, large and solid 9 0...16 0 Small. Urns 10 10 16 IS haw 10 10 111 0 Red Randers 5 0.210 Brasil 111 0...50 0 :et fell 6d. per cwt. on the of Sanderson and Co., but has , Petersburg Y. C. on the spot, December delivery, 455. Pd. ; s. 3d. TALLOW.—The announcement of the failure since recovered 3d. per cwt., being 465. 6d. ; October to separate months' delivery, 461 CORN.—BARNSLET, Sept. 13.—We had a good attendance of buyers, and, consequently, higher prices were obtained. Wheat sold freely, at from 21s. to 235. per three bushels. Barley and Oats at late rates. BASINGSTOKE, Sept. 15.—A good demand for beat samplea of both red and white Wlicau, for seed, all such making from 20s. to 2.53. per load more money ; fir coarse and inferior samples 2a. per qr. more money was given, yet not much doing. Barley was offered in considerable quan tity, and prices ruled, therefore, as this day week. Irt Oats but little alteration; present prices from 21a. to 27e. per qr. Beans show a downward tendency. In white, maple, and grey Peas no alteration. Rye, per qr., 365. to 38.5. Winter Tares, new, per bushel, 81. to 9s. ; old, is. 6d. Borrrote, Sept. 15.—We continue to receive small supplies of Wheat, and buyers today had to give an advance of 4s. per qr. from the rates of Saturday. Oats were 2s. per qr. higher. Beans without alteration in value. Wheat, red, 50s. to 55a. ; white, 525. to 575. Oats, 16s. to 22a. ; old, 245. Beans, 46e. to 50a., par qr. to the growers. HALESWORTH, Sept. 14.—We had an improved show of Wheat, and our farmers increased their pretensions higher than the advance noted at Mark-lane. A oonsiderable amount of business was transacted in this grain at an advance of sr. per qr. Barley in better supply ; good parcels main fain oar quotations ; inferior qualities a avow sale. No wow of other grain. Wheat, white, 48s. to 86s. per qr. ; red, 455. to 529 : Barley, 245. to 30s. ; B Ala and Pea■, 40s. to 4,34. ; Oats, 245. to 30e. NEWARK, Sept. I.l.—The market here to-dav was well aPended with farmers, and considerable sales of Wheat were effected at an advance of Gs. per qr. on new Wheat ; old little inquired for at the advance. New milting Barley in Lair demand at to. per qr. advance on lut week's currency. Oats remain unaltered. Old Beans and grinding Barley dull sale, and little doing in them. New winter Tares were plentiful, and readily taken off at the currency. Wheat, new, 631ba., 575. to 60s. per quarter. Barley, new, 3:.5. to 3 55., 54114. to 56Ibs. per bushel. Oats, ls. to la. IC per stone. Beans, old, 51s. to 565. per p. of 38 stone ; Egyp tian, 411. to 13s. Winter Tares, 725. to 83s. per imp. p. • • • • NEWCASTLE, Sept. 1 I.—The weather since this day se'nnight hes b..en favourable for harvest operations, which are in a state of great forwardness in this district, and in a little time will be brought to a satisfactory conclusion. At our market this morning we had a good supply of Wheat from the country, but the arrivals coastwise being trifling, a durance was readily effected, at an advance of 2s. per qr. over Saturday's rates, whilst the business done in foreign was considerable, at an improvement of fully 3s. per qr. Flour must be noted Is. to 2s. per sack dearer, and the arrivals short of the requirements of the trade. In Itye so little is stirring that our quotations may be deemed almost nominal. Grinding Barley in good request, but for malting descriptions there is u yet little inquiry. Beans and l'eu unaltered. Oats rather firmer. DUBLIN, Sept. 14 —We had a fair supply of new grain to this day's market, which war met by a free demand. Wheat was fully Is. per barrel higher, and other things sold readily at the currency of Friday. The following was the general currency for the new grain:—Wheat, red, 245. to 275. 6d.; I white, 264. to 30s. per 280 Mc, Oats, per 1961b1., 9s. to 13a. Barley, per 2241bs , 13m. to 161. here, per 2241b5., 10s. GI. Ito 12s. 6d. Rapeseed, per 2241 M., 255. to 30s. Indian Corn, per qr. of 4801 M., 255. to 345. Oatmeal, per cwt., 13s. to 16s. Sack Flour, per cwt., seconds, 18s. to 19s. ; American, per cask, 291. to 301. ANTWERP, Sept. 13.—The market did not present any great activity. The price of corn was much the same as last week, and, upon the whole, but little business war transacted. BAVASELS, Sept. 13.—0 n the sth and 10th ins!., nineteen vessels, laden wholly or in part, with corn and provisimn entered the port •r Antwerp. The importations were as follows: Wheat, 2,322,610 kO.; Bar:ey, 1,023,500; Rye, 91,1110; Beans, 44,500 ; Flour, 65,610 ; Rice, 58,300: total, 3,605,720 kil. HOPS.— BOROUGH MARKET. Two OTIOCA.— Meson. rattendcn and Smith, Hop factors, report that there is a fair supply of new flops now in the market, which are selling pretty freely. Duty 170,0001. to 175,000/. The prices arc as follows New Mid& E. Roots 41.10 to U. 121 Yowling Kent.ry. cwt. 31. 3 to 41.4 New Weald of Kent., 4 4to 5 0 Yearling Strucx 3 oto 4 0 Now 50.00 . 4 oto 4 10 tikl Hole 1 oto 2 10 HANTS.—Picking about Farnham, Crondall, Alton, Odi ham, Froyle, Bentley, &c., is general ; some nearly finished. The yield will not be more than one-third of last year. The quality also inferior in most gardens; some much discoloured, and attacked with the small red insect, which produces what is known so the yellow rust. lIAY.—SMITRFIELD, Two o' Clock .—Meosro. Cooper and Darin, Hay and Straw Salesmen, report prices as follows: Primo Meadow Ito. to 7*. I Rowell I Straw.. Vs. to Jk. Inferior ...... Om. to Clover to,. CATTLE, &c.—LEEDS, Sept. 15.—There was an unnsually large supply of both Cattle and Sheep at our fair this merniag, including a number of foreign animals ; but which, on the average, wire in only indifferent condition. For prime Beef and Mutton there was a fair demand, with out any variation in price; but animals of inferior qualities were sold lower. SOUTHALL, Sept. 15.—Our trade to day was deprened, in consequence of the heavy supplies in London on Mond■y, and prices mum be noted lower. Beef made from 2s. to 4s. Gd. ; Mutton, 3,. Bd. to 5a.: Lamb, 4s. Gd. to 51. 4d. ; Veal, 40. to 55.; Pork, 34. 6d. to ss. p?r stone of Blbs., sinking the offal. WILTON GREAT SHEEP FAIR, Sept. 13.-This, next to Weyhill, the largest Sheep fair in England, was held on Monday. Rather more than one hundrel and twenty thousand Sheep were for sale. Price. as follows: Hamp shire Downs, with a few Sussex do., Ewes, 30s. to 40s. each; Lambe, 245. to 324. ; Wethers, 365. to 425. Wiltshire Downs, gentrally smaller than Hampshire, sold as follows: Ewes, nom 28s. to 365. each ; Lambs, 22.. to 30s. ; M'ethers, 345. to 40s. Dorset Downs Ewes, 30s. to 385. ; Lambs, 235. to 30s. ; Wethers, 355. to 40s. ; half-bred Ewes, from 30s. to 425.; Lambs, 245. to 324. • Wethen, 365. to 445. Horn Sheep and Devon knots (lar ge, some near lambing), Ewes: 36a. to 445. ; Lambe, 245. to 34e. ; Wethers, 395. to 455. each. There were some pens of Sheep from Holland, rid South ampton, which sold at 355. to 380. per head. The pens of fat Sheep moved off slowly ; those sold were at a decline of 51. each ; from 6d. to 7d. per lb. the prices given. It was a very full fair for stock Beast. Many Devon', Herefords, short horns, runts, Scotch, Irish, and Welsh, every kind, were to be purchased at a reduction of from 10s. to 201. per head, excepting best Cows and Heifers ; they alone retain their price. Some of the finest Oxen reached from 121. to 141. per head ; moderate, 81. to 101.: @mall, 41. to 61. Cows from 14!. to 181. each, and Heifers from 121. to 161. A consider able quantity was left unsold. There was a larger number of Horses than usual ; the best, either for riding or driving, found purchasers at high figures, some reaching from 461. to 501. • moderate, 301. to 3.51. • inferior, 121. to 20/.. The cart Coln and heavy 3entes, tit isr fanners, railway contractors, and others, were also in good demand, at from 30/. to 401. each ; for young strong Colts. at 20/. to 301. ; for those six to tea years eld, 151. to 181. Other Horses, good-shaped Cobs, and best Ponies were sold freely at good prices, some forest Ponies making 31. to 81. each. WIMBOURNE FAIR, DORSET, Sept. 14.-This fair was faller than usual, many Sheep not selling, though offered at a reduction of 4s. to 6s. each. The best South Down Ewes fetched from 345. to 365. each; a few superior lots up to 40. • inferior down to 30s. Lambs, ° best, 301. to 325. each ; g o od, 265. ; common, 245, ; very inferior, 18s. Six-tooth Wethers, sss. per stone ; four and two tooth do., 4s. Bd. Good Fat Sheep and Ewes, not the best, 4s. 4d. ; moderate larger Sheep, 4s. to 4s. 2d. Fat Lambs going out ; the few for sale made from 6s. to 6s. Bd. per stone. A few beast, chiefly lean stores, Heifers, and Calves, for which less money was asked by at least 10s. to 20s. each. Pigs are going down; the supply larger. FALKIRK SEPTEMBER TRYST, Sept. 13.-This being our annual tryst day for sheep, the weather fortunately was favourable for out-door business. The number brought forward, however, did not amount to more than one-half the number brought forward at last September market. The market was rather dull in the early part of the morn ing, holden being firm; but towards noon purchasers came forward and business became brisk, and a lot of 1,800 white faced Wedders from Sutherlandshire, brought 31s. 6d. a head ; another lot of 800 white-faced Wedders brought 30s. Mr. Wetter', Glasgow, sold a lot of white-faced Ewes at 265. Mr. hi'Lean, from Skye, sold 600 cross Ewes at 285., and a lot of cross black-faced Wedders from the same place at 235. 6d. Black-faced Ewes of en inferior quality brought from 13s. 6d, to 14s. Gd. ; a lot of Cheviots sold tor 1!. ; a lot of black-faced Wedders from Skye sold at 16s. ' • and a lot of black-faced Ewes from the same island sold at 181. ; a lot of white-faced Ewes sold at 17s. Cheviots sold from 18s. to 265., and a lot of black-faced Weddera sold for 275. 6d. Otasootr, Sept. 13.—There was a limited supply of Cattle and Sheep in the market to-day. Sheep were of good quality, but Cattle were inferior. Best Beef and Tallow sold at lls. 6d. net tron stone. Best black-faced Sheep brought 291. ; wfide-faced, 30s. 6d. Lambs were plentiful, but, for the most put, of inferior quality; best Lambs brought 15s. 3d. For Yesterday's Almada, stas lad pale. SHIPPLNG. MAILS ARRIVED. - Dublin, 3; Waterford, 2; Dona shades, 1; French, 1; Flanders, 1. LONDON, Sept. 16.—Wind this day at noon, W.S.W., fresh gales and squally, but fine. DEAL, Sept. 13. —W.S.W. to W.N.W.—ArrivedHima laya, Ceylon ; Cairo, Trinidad ; Sarah Birkett, Grenada ; Glaphyra, St. Kitt's ; Thorwelden, St. Croix; Victoria, New York; Infanta, St. John's N.B. ; Magnificent, Ri chibucto ; Supply, St. John's, Neivfouniland. Sailed: Alice Mende, I'ort Philip ; Rankin, Aden. Dovna, Sept. 1.1.—W. to N.W.—Off port: Mary, Rio Janeiro, for Hamburg. Cowan, Sept. 15. W., squally.—Arrived: Gluck Auf, Havannah. Socritamirrost, Aug. 15.—Arrived : Rost Quebec. Ore Poacaaao, Sept. 14.—Albatross, New York, for Amsterdam. F►Lmoviu, Sept. 15.—W., moderate,—Arrived I'etrel Packet, Rio Janeiro, sailed, July II ; Bahia, 24th; and Per nambuco, IVth. George and Charles, Matanzas. Off Port: Jena, Cape Haytien, and sailed for Antwerp. HOLiaa►D, Sept. 14.—W.—Arrived: Tamarac, Quebec. Orr Saaumsuis.—Active, Dalhousie, for Amlwich. Laxceartri, Sept. I4.—The Aurora hu been towed off the Sunderland Bank and into dock ; she will discharge. Balwror., Sept. freah.—Arrived: Minerva, Gioccasren, Sept. 15. N.W.—Sailed • Vanguard, Halifax. SWANSEA, Sept . 15.—Arrived : Mary, St. John's, N.B. ; Mary Dugdale , Cu ba. Dt maw, Se pt. 14.—W.N.W.—Arrived • Lord Montgo- mery, St. Lucia ; Henrietta, New York. OFF THE START.—Sea Queen, Cuba. Coma, Sept. 13.—N.W.—Arrived; Sailer, New York; Verona, New York, and sailed for Liverpool; Buck*, M'Evers, Quebec. Off port: Gipsey, Bahia; Curlew, St. Domingo ; Mary, Cuba. 17th, May Buckman, and Hirondo, New York. LONDONDERRY, Sept. 11.—Sailed : Royal Saxon, Phiia• delphia. BELFAST, Sept. 13.—Sailed; Caithness-shire, Quebec. 14th, Arrived Philena, New York. Sailed: Joespha, Charleston. DROOHRDA, Sept. 11.—Anived: Tom, Quebec. WATERFORD Sept. 14.-B.W. to N.W.—Arrived : Mar garet, and Alert, Quebec. Statnaataxn, Sept. 14.—Sailed: Mary Storey, Cape of Good Hope. GooLa, Sept. 14.—N.W.—Sailed: Agile, Monte Video. HULL, Sept. 16.—The Bon Accord, of this port, and the Alfred, of Bows, wen lost in Danes' Straits on the 3rd July, let. 76; crew saved. YARMOUTH, Sept. 15.—The Integrity, Newport to Hall, assisted in to-day, with considerable damage, having been in contact off Ordfordness. The Jupiter, of Cherbourg,las gone upon the Scroby Sands, but is expected off. gut IL' rovego. DI AI LB. Tte men for Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Carlin, and Gibraltar ili be made tip on We morning of the 17th September. The west India emits, exeltutimr those for Neaten, Honduras, eel :he Ilarannak ari:l be made up on the Inerningof the 17th September. The t n..:. for British North America, Bermuda, and the United Mates, will be made tip on the evening of the 18th Saute mbar. The overland Pails foe Gibraltar, Malta, Greene, the lonian Islands. Egypt, Aden, Cey:on, India, Hong-Kong, end China. via Southampton, sill le made up on the morning of the 20th September. The oreriand dared maths, Ma Marseilles, to t►e Mediterranean. e r - pt , Aden, Ceylon, India, Hong Kong, gm, will be made up on the evening of the 24th September. The melts for New South Wales, Van Diemen'a Land. and Nov Zealand mill he made up on the evening of the 30th September. The mails for the Brasile, the Hirer Plate, Monte Voleo, Pertain. h.eo, Bahia, Madeira, and Batson ATM, will be m►de up on the treeing of the 4th October. •.• ilverlternsewho Maw Ulke, Itk CORIUSTONDINTI. Weeded he Ms &pre.. Uri.. meth. Foe, ee.t be e o ,„6e.emee. be Tee ride* es the akr .bikAti.•• 111011 WATER AT LOADOLIBEIDOE. T•l4 Da f—lievsinA 34 all 4. pa. 5 . ARATAAAL 44111- P•4 l AMonto•—Mervas& a skla. peel S, AbsersAAA 45 sem. LONDON,THURSDAY,SEPT. 16. THE question whether Ireland should have ebrpo rations or not, distracted political parties for some years. It was very properly decided in the affirma tive; and one of the grounds upon which Ireland's claims to corporate franchises was insisted upon, arose from the necessity of creating and fostering public opinion in that country. It was not unreasonably supposed, that when citizens were selected from their brethren to exercise political functions under the public eye, a strong and healthy sense of re sponsibility would be generated. It was thought tkat the corporations in the cities would form good training schools for the citizen classes, and that gin dually a vigorous public opinion would spring up to aid the executive effectually, and raise Ireland to be a self-judged land. It is, perhaps, too soon to in quire whether these expectations have been realised : and it is only right to add, that the experiment was never carried out on the scale originally contem plated by Lord JOHN RUSSELL and the statesmen of the liberal party. Sir ROBERT PEEL, sneered at the idea of corporations being useful to the Irish people. He reminded the House of Commons that the Irish had no extensive commerce, and that really they had no business to look for corporate powers. It was to Sir R. PEEL'S question of cui tons Irish corporations that the Irish Attorney- General for the time (the late Mr. WOULFE) made the effective reply—" They will go far to create and to foster public opinion in Ireland, and to make it racy of the soil." Sir Roussel., however, by means of his conservative party, succeeded in crippling very considerably the local privileges conceded to the Irish ; and hence, as far as the urban populations of Ireland are concerned, the experiment originally. designed by the liberal statesmen of the age has never been practically carried out. But, not long after, the legislature was called upon to devise a poor-law system for the relief of Irish pauperism. Boards of guardians were constituted, and entrusted with most extensive powers. At subsequent periods, their constitution and privileges have un dergone modifications, but they exist in the main as moral corporations. Although not technically so highly privileged, it may be questioned whether they do not possess more virtual political power than the town councils in the cities. Therefore it might bo fairly expected that the same political results as to the creation of public opinion, would follow from the existence of boards of guardians, as were looked for in the city corporations. Thinkers of all parties also argued that the mingling of persons of opposite sen timents together—the concentration of men represent ing opposite classes and antagonist ideas, would work well for the community, This last .expectatimi has not been vain. Prodigious benefits have already accrued from the personal intercourse resulting from the institution of boards of guardians. A elhimunity of public interest has been discovered to exist be tween parties who thought themselves radically op posed to each other. Ideas have been exchanged, pre judices have been modified, and the views of sectional politicians have been enlarged. The influence of the boards has in this respect been most beneficial. But, we believe, that the influence has not yet been carried to its legitimate length, and we have now to call the attention of the Irish boards of guardians to some considerations that merit their particular attention. We must first observethat every politicalinstitution has two modes of working upon society. These are the direct and indirect influences attached to everrpolitical power. The distinction between these influences has been nicely discriminated by the modern German jurists. Por example, they say trial by jury works in two ways, judicially in its special character as arbitrating in cases, and morally in its indirect influence upon society, by familiarising the community with the ideas of right. There can be no doubt that the institution of trial by jury, in the latter point of view, possesses an invaluable germ of sterling demo cratic sentiment, as distinguished from ochlocracy, or rabble-power. Now, a board of guardians has the same two-fold power. It has first its special duty of administering to the relief of pauperism, which is nominally its sole object. But in performing this function it goes through another aleb. It discusses and decides open the material in terests of the local public. The state of society in its neighbourhood is practically brought before it. It inspects, and at the same time represents, the social body,of which it is the organ. The capacities of its industrial interests are canvassed—the claims of va rious classes criticised—and that important topic, the public good, debated upon by men invested in their sphere with no small share of power. Thus, a board of guardians in its neighbour hood can wield considerable influence—can check unreasonable expectations on the one hand, and control the possessors of property upon the other. It can act as an effective mediator between conflicting classes—between the rich few and the needy many, and help to adjust the differences be tween the rival houses of the Haves and the Have note. Few of our secondary institutions present themselves in so important a light as that of board of guardians for the poor. In Ireland we believe that they will discharge a most important public function in shaping the anoma lous elements of opinion as they exist there. A rebel poet of the last century, whose mistaken politics do not blind us to his intellect and high character, addressed his country as— Hookas nat:on—baplote land— Hoop or uneemenung sand. The lines graphically describe the chaotic state of Irish society. All institutions which assimilate the repugnant particles are of inestimable value. We believe that the poor-law system will eventually bind into something like a social body the "heap of unce menting sand" invoked by the poet of the United Irishmen—Dr. DRENNAN. But it is evident that the members of the boards of guardians should feel their respectable prerogatives, and assert them accordingly. When they perform acts involving most important questions they ought to do so as much as possible in the face of day, so that the public at large, English and Irish, should be informed of the reasons for their conduct, as well as ascertain what they have actually decided. On the recent proceedings of the boards of guardian in Ireland there has not been sufficient light thrown. Up to the time at which we write we are still without proper reports of the decisions made by several boards last week, although we were aware for some days back that several important linea -1 lions were to be canvassed and decided upon. It is to our Dublin advices we are indebted for the know ledge that some of the hitherto recusant boards in Munster have virtually complied with the rightful claims of the commissioners, and have consented to the striking of a rate for repayment. We are glad to learn the fact we felt assured that the sober voice of reason, and a sense of justice, would recall the recusant guardians to their duty. We cannot decidedly learn from any of the Irish journals what has become of Lord MOUNTCASHEL'S resolutions. We learn, however, rid Dublin, that they still remain on the minutes of the Fermoy union, but that the guardians have consented to striking a rate. But why are not the boards of guardians properly reported ? They lose their legitimate influence by having their acts or important questions passed over sub silentiu. Where such an alarm existed about the threatened resistance to the rides for repayment of loans, it is absolutely necessary that the public should have clear and precise information, such as is supplied by authentic reports. The boards of guardians are too remiss in this respect• They ought to take care that the local journal , have due notice when impor tant public businems is to be brought forward, and they might even see that the press is properly furnished with statistical records. The steady public eye .of