The Express. — London, England, 1851-02-28 00:00:00

EXHIBITION or MI. ACOMPLETE LIST of the GERMAN CON -1111111:TOM to the GREAT I.IIIIIITION of INDUSTRY. with as anottat of the totals rent by each ; aho an AIPWTIONAL LI 4 T of Billtl 4 ll EXHIBITOR.y tai3 appear In the EXHIBITION EIPRBAS o:ttureorrner. ith other parheu . ..rs of the .rest 'how, mad th e Inir news of the day. Prise Iwarpeace.—Odier. Irises Laidos. ghe erprelso. TO CORRESPONDENTS. Adandsreleeede Intended for "The Y.npred." Landes reeling piper, add he at th e Other, It, dour-madras% by Two o'clock us the day et pallisallos. MOU WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Vs, Ws —Morning, 12h. Ih. 3 Asa Afternoon, lb. 4 ;.. 9ar Attentions. In. Sm. 7941111.1101 F —Marais& LONDON, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 28. IT is to-day our duty to announce the melancholy fact that l'rotection be no more! Although it was generally understood to have been for some time in a very precarious state, the fatal event can hardly be mid to have been expected to occur so soon. To thou indeed who had opportunities of observing closely the symptoms of its moribund condition, the danger of excitement or exertion such as it has lately undergone seemed to be imminent and obvious. But by the unfeeling crowd who suddenly beheld it try to take up its bed and walk, the fevered frenzy that lent imminentary strength to the effort was unheeded, as the rapidity of the inevitable collapse was unforeseen. None but those who for the last three days and nights have sat by the bed of death can appre ciate the sufferings orpourtruy the grief amid which an old and respectable party expires. We forbear to dwell upon the chronic nature of the dim,' etre against which a naturally strong consti tution has for years bravely contended. Such a diugme:s Islongs rather to history than the fugitive 0011111111 M of obituary. But whether congenital or acuired, all considerate persona felt that nothing could be more perilous than exposure; and that the utmost care ought to have been taken to pre berry a uniform state of tranquillity, and total abstinrme from thoughts connected with husi -1111",1. or ac tins. Advice to this effect 11 . 3!I in deed often and eaniestiv tendered ; but strange to say. the unhappv invalid was always eager to embark in arduous speculation*, and anxious to undertake duties and responicibilitics that would task the ability of the strongest. For a length of time these fascinating pursuits were relinrywsbed, rave only in dreams and in discourse; and so long the body calmed rather to increase in size than otherwise; and though not of the healthiest sort per haps, it was at least calculated tudispi l anticipations of proximate decay. But all the simile, a mournful anspim ion haunted the minds of many, that there was a lurking tendency developing itself of the most clan gorous kind. We allude to the affection popularly tenni II "a softening of the brain." Ile this, host ter, as it may, it is now no longer doubtful that, from the ill-fated moment when Pre testiest' began to move actively anal bustle about, the change hygienic ft arfully perceptible. Over its wine or at Willi .'s, or even in a sham battle in parlia ment, nothing could be name brilliant or amusing. If not always conclusive its talk sas at least conse cutive; if not persuasive, it was frequently pleasant; and though moment's* a little impertinent, it was never inmsglierent ur imbecile. Fran the luckless hour that it essii)ett h, play a real part, and meddle with tough work, its untrained faculties: palpably gave sat. On Saturday last it mistmok the run deas usian of the Qt F.F.N for confidence in its wisdom, sisal fut ths ith ussunoil the air and attitude of ismer. Resulted to sanity by a gentle intimation that all this was very foolish. it was a little later kindled into such a gviroxysin of anger as utterly to forget itself, ids plate, and all that it should have ronerabered. rho Monday night it was Ivry low, and s crud to soffit- 11101 e ham it chose to utter. Net ertlieleas it is possible that, had no far t/Kr inrulo nt crecurred soon after, the shock its MINI'S had certainly sustained might Inlet` been gat over, anal Protection, in its former inactive and motionless state, might still be 'mongst the things that are." _ _ _ lathe futts bad otherwise ordained. Early on Tuesday morning her IlamsYY, who was of course wholly unaaare of its true weakness and unfitness fur the discharge of any public duty, and V. VlAlUbly to show how far above all personal partialitits royalty in a con stitutional government ought to prove itself to Is., -her M Est-y was graciously ph Lined to say that if Protection thought it could (10 anything useful to the state, full permission was given it to try. With definite consideration the QUEEN is said to have added. that us yenta's, no serious thoughts of the matter had ever entered Protection's head be fore, thri day, would be allowed for due delibera tion on tho subject. Unfortunate Protection ! Its foolish vanity was inflamed by the distioetion thus fatally conferred upon it. orgetting it, helpless ness and weakness, its utter want of practice aind train- Mg. and above all, the rtnistunee of three fiinnhlable rivals, whose open hostilit it must from the outset pare to encounter. -off - it went to court capering and jesting, and bid all the world look and six what u crack minister it would make. A few Mims settled to east thrp gloom over the scene of pro, ipitatv exultation. A sharp and trying Mitigate to keep its wits togrthets—fint in milky, and thin in appearanee—was fullownl by Nlllll7llll4he symptoms of the mint painful description. Mortifi cation super-toad. Then reason became obscured. With a certain instinct of courage a wonderful (limn was made to keep up." as it iscalled.to the last. But during the greater part of yesterday it was manifest to all who hail 11WilIN of observation, that the end was nigh ut hand. Whatetcr skill could do to save, or art to Mitigate. was done. Protection had the best ads able. prompt. and skilful men. The re f eetion cannot hod the grief of a ninnenius circle of friends deeply interested in the &masts', but it may serve to satisfy all own that the event maw in the natural way. s We belitne we may add that in the unanimous opinion of the gifted and distinguished persints to whom we allude, it was char a more pro tracted existence would have only been a prolonga tion of misery; and that, wider the circumstances. it is rather a relief that the object of their care and wlicitlde Las biro removed. Of the afflicting incidents connected with such catastroph, s not the least pitiful are those illustrative of the loyal Live and Leith that obstinately r e fus e s to admit the possibility of the fact to wilier' it cannot be reconciled. We doubt not that many an hunt :-t and declaim' friend of Protection will fur a time not only 111‘111 to be incredulous, but will actually be so as to the truth we have been compelled to chronicle this day. Fond illusion! It may be suffered to hide sway unprreeptibly ; it were awry unfeeling rude ness to speak upon the matter any further. Peace to its ashes; Mr. lltsneett will no doubt speak its funeral oration; and the court newsman will, of course. duly announee that by the recent and some what unexpected death of Protection many of the first families to the kingdom have been plunged into the deepest affliction. WHEN the shop -hay. in the old story. escentled demurely into his master's chamber for family prayers. after having. at the command of that worthy, put sand in the sugar, horsetuans in the coffee, chalk in the milk. uud dust in the pepper. he assent, we fear, in a condition to he very corr e ct i n his applications of scripture. In like manner, it can "merely be expected that his Grace of ExErt:n. after imprisoning Snotty. worming Goan in, excommuni cating the Arehbishop. and badgering half the cu rates on his diocese. will he quite up to the mark in his references to the Old, and New Testament. In fact, his lordship's law is generally more correct than his gine!, both literally and me taphorically. We were, however. scarcely pre pared to hie:, even front the Bishop of gxtrxu. unit a limping scriptural argument as is ascribed t o his lordship in the report of the debate on Tuesday night. On the question whether marriage within prohibited degrees was forbidden in the New Testa ment the Bishop answered in the affirmative. in op position to the I,arl of ST. GERMANS. " Holding that the prohibition of marriage with a brother's widow was laid down by the ALMIGHTY in the 18th chapter of Leviticus, he (the right rev. prelate: , also held that it WWI repeated iu the New Testa ment. There was, for Instance, the case in which 35)011 the Wirrect proclaimed to the tyrant HEROD that he was living in incestuous intercourse with the widow of his cleansed brother." Did illii 'RES'S, FRIDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 2S, 1851. THE. E)c it strike the learned prelate after delivering himself you did - not say to, Mr. Cox! But you meant of this 'profound argument, that JOHN the BAPTIST to suggest to the Ibo starring farmers present that was a Jew? that he was executes almost immedi- you thought so, and the ?lain inference theneefrom ately after CIIRIsT had commenced hie mission, be- would be just this : Don't employ him, biassed or nut fore any formal Christian laws were promulgated— biaescel,Ar he is a radical and an oat-and-out fret if, indeed, it can be said with truth that any such trader. Happily, however, the gentleman in que.- ever were promulgated. If the Bishop could have tion, although ho does not happen to prefer the cited any example of the kind in which one of the fumes of a pot-house to his own fire-side, or the apostles had given utterance to a similar business of his employers, and was consequently not be- denunciation at a period when they had likely to meet Mr. (.ox come thoroughly instructed as to the nature r contradict the statement, does har2en to Timms the of their Master's Iniselon, the argument might have power of expressing plain truths in plain words; been worth considering, although far from conclu- and he has done so in a letter, which is so fair and at sive. Far there can be no doubt that others of the the same time so severe, that we transcribe it for the apostles besides PETER retained a reverence for the benefit of our readers : civil enactments of the Mosaic law, which the words To the Editor of the Essex Ikrald. and actions of St. PAIL utterly discountenanced. Sir,—ln your last Tuesday's paper. the Rev. John Cos, of Fainted, is stated to have said at the protection meet- The latter, in his rebukes to the Corinthians, on the ing at Chelmsford, on the 14th inst., that "Mr. Mechi had subject of a ease of undoubted incest, never falls back got three sateen, one of them a radical, namely, Mr. upon the authority of the Mosaic legislation. Beadel, an out and out free trader, though he di dln, not say Leaving the bishop to make the best of his bad that would bias him in the valuation." Your general logic, and worse theology, let us consider for a accuracy will justify me in assuming that Mr. Cox is cor moment the case of those who arc excluded by rectly re t ported. I :therefore beg to state that on ebeyd the Mechi, th e others ne I h s ave sth ac t le c r t of i e:s u io n n t all ni t A, the operation of the law, as it now stands, from the accordance of a privilege in which their affections never attend any g Yolitical meetings, nor obtrude my opi and worldly interests are so largely concerned. nions, whatever they may be, upon the public, it cannot Under the present law, the offspring of a marriage be- concern Mr. Cox to know what they are ; but I think tween a man and the sister of his deceased wife is ills- everyone, e T eciallr a clergyman, before he gives publicity gitim.ate. Now it was shown by the Earl of Sr. t tl ' o s n t s ate ca n lYura s teV( i at a i rt fe n p u r t i tru ntel'eled or ) i to ndu p l r fl u s d i i n ce ;lu t a- MANS in the course of his speech, moving the second in the opinion of others, ought to take every means to b y e reading of the bill to make these marriages legal, personally satisfied as to the truth of his averment.. I feel that the number of this class of unions was increase it due to myself thus publicly to contradict what the rev. ing at a very great rate. "There were," said his gentleman h as taken upon himself publicly to assert ; no a t . p . e t rna m t o te r r anj i r to as uncalled nor lordship, "120,000 petitioners knocking at their doors on this subject." It has been proved also that the as n they ° are ns a fin i founee ' e r . 1 am, andalways have been as prevention of marriages of this kind is in many attached member of the church of England, and never, canes productive of gross immorality amongst either by word or deed, have I shown any disaffection to her interests; but I confess that, when I Pee her " watchmen" the poorer classes. Four clergymen, who have had •t th e are ty h p a referr f in t t n th mi e k i i m a ga t u urin nom o t i n i t i a e t s:l . it d ic u al it strife sl, those oppertunities of observation which arc enjoyed only by thirst, who have the spiritual sulx:rvistun of I enjoins , am disc h a rge e no o t wi s thout grave apprehensions fo e ; the large districts, and who throw themselves heart and safety of an establishment of which they arc ordained soul into their work, have given conclusive evidence ministers. Yours, &c., as to the ill effects of the present law. Broomfield Lodge, Feb. 21. JAME/ BLOM.. The Rev. Tnouss DALE, Vicar of St. Pancras, This puts the matter in its right light. You ap ses: "So fur as my parochial experience extends, the plied epithets to me which were calculated, in the prohibition of marria g e with a deceased wife's sister opinion of those who heard you, to damage my pro operates far more to the promotion than the pre en- fessional character, no matter whether those eithets non of crime. Among the lower classes, cohabitation were justly applied or not. That is one charge. without marriage , is almost invariably . the result." And you did not first take the trouble to ascertain The Rev. 11. GURNEY, of St. Marys. Bryanstone- the truth of your statement : that is the other. The square, remarks upon the inequality of the pressure first is a charge of deliberate malice, cunningly con of the law on the rich and poor. The rich can get mated under a show of candour; the second is a nurses and governesses for their children, the poor charge of careless, if not wilful, misrepresentation. man can neither afford salaries for these nor spare Go home, Jolts: OM, and rummage up your Bible, them house room ; and looks naturally to the and see whether you can't find an application to sister-in-law to take charge of his orphan children. these words, " Ife that hideth hatred with lying lips, "If I were a demagogue," says the re v. gentle- and he that slandereth his neighbour, is a fed." man, " wanting to rouse the passions of the work- We are sorry to see that the chair appears to have ingela-ses against the injustice of the rich man's been filled by another gentleman of the same pro legislation, 1 would not wish for a better topic. religion no the writer of the letter we have printed. The law may look equal, but the inequality from There is a serious of to the interference of total difference of circumstances is very great. If land-agents in a question which is plainly a land the matter were broached in an assembly of work- lord's and parent s question. However honourable Mg men, of perfectly sober habits, and well regu- and well meaning a man may be, his interest is kited minds, wishing as anxiously as Lords and Coin- clearly that of the landlord, not of the tenant, and mons to do right before Goo and man, I have no the stimulus which his professional knowledge notion that one hand in fifty would be held up for enables him to give to the fears of the tenant is the law as it is. applied, not to help the tenant, but to induce him by " I am decidedly of opinion," says the Rev. Most- his clamour to bolster up his landlord's rent. TAGUE VILLIERS, " that the repeal of the present law, while it may partially and very partially effect the habits of society among the upper classes, will remove a harrier to marriage which now exists, but which I do not believe Goo ever set up. It will pre vent much immorality among the poor." The 11ev. Mr. CIIAMPNEYS writes in a similar manner. Against these reasons the adversaries have positively nothing to urge. The question of ex pediency they leave to itself. The question of', morality, as far as that is to be considered morality which has its grounds in the conscience alone, they treat with contempt. In place of argument they content themselves with a reference to the canon law—a collection of decrees of councils and rescripte of Popes, which councils and Popes are capable of altering to-morrow. Driven front this, they take refuge in the Mosaic law. In this law they find but one passage appearing to bear upon the case—in the etglitcentli chapter of Leviticus. Now. granting for the moment that this verse is rightly interpreted, it must yet be remembered that there is a remarkuble exception made in 'kittens mime to the prohibition in Leviticus, a case being laid down in which a man is commanded to mar r y the widow of a brother. But there is every probabi lity that this is nut an exception. Some of the most horned eonnitentators of modern times have ruled that the expression in the verse in Leviticus does not apply to marriage, but to illicit intercom-se. If this be correct, there is an end of the discussion, or, as the commiseionere say in their report on the subject, GERMANY. BERLIN, Baron 'Mantel:aft:l returned from Dresden late last night. The pap em assert that some kind of understanding was come to with l'ri nee Svhw mac& sem previous to the last conference. It it asserted that l'rince tschwarzenberg has consented to the admission of Prussia to a share in the presidency, but insists upon the admission of I saris into the executive, the incrtcc, of the votes of that kingdom in the plenum, suit the admission of all the Austrian provinus into the confederation. Manteuffel continues to protest against all and every adeatitage being given to Bavaria, and, the papers also add, against the admission of the Italian pro , Times into the confederation. The fact that this coneesaion woe made to Schwatzenherg by Manteuffel renders the hitter statement very doubtful ; and I incline to the belief that ' the share in the presidency granted by Schwaricnberg alludes merely to the presidency in the plenum which I mentioned yesterday. There is no doubt, however, that the opposition of the minor states has produced the adjournment, and that the K ings of Wirtemberg and Hanover have both protested against the Austrian policy ; the former more particularly against the higher position proposed to be given to Bavaria. The ministerial papers represent the adjournment as a victory of Prnseian diplomacy. If it be, it is the first that Prussia has ever gained, and is much too lute in the campaign to be of any material service to the political interests of the country, and we must wait to see whether the presumed victory be nut in reality the last defeat. Prince Schwarrenherg left Dresden for Vienna yesterday morning, but von der Worthen remains in the Saxon metro polis. The Nate Pramsiuhe ha 4 a long article this evening against the admi.eiou of the Austri.ot provinces into the confederation. _ _ _ radii quash . .. The An•hbishop'e temperate speech did all that was possible for the advocates of the retention of the law in its present state. The force, how ever, of his Grace s argument depends upon the assumption that the civil enactments of the Mosaic law are binding upon us. To this we demur. As, however, we do not presume to discuss theologieul points with an Archbishop, we refer his Grace to a great theologian—Latittat—in whose hands we leave our ease:—. If we are under an obligation." says the reformer, "to obey one of the enactments of MosEs, we are under nn equal obligation to obey the rest, circumcision amongst the num ber. But we are no longer under the law of Mos E-4, but subject to the laws of our country in such matters. This law, then. which did not exist before Coeur, and which lost its validity after his death, is not us a positive rule binding on the king (Riney; VIII.), and he is not bound to re pudiate his wife. Let us come to the point at once, and say that Moses, after having certainly lived fur thy• Jewish people, is now dead, and his laws are no longer binding on us. Nothing. then, that is taken from the legislation of Musts is to be allowed to be valid by us. unless at the same time it is accordant with mer tarn customs and institutions. If we act contrary to this principle. we bring confusion into the politics of all the kingdoms of the world." The debate on Simson's motion declaring the expendi ture of all monies by the government since the lst of Jan. lust to be illegal, the non-ent of the Chambers not having been given, terminated to-day, by the adoption of a dif ferent resolution. The Minister of Finance declared that the proceedings of the government were perfectly legal, they having been adopted at a period when the Chambers wear not sitting. ausl the expenditure of the monks in question, together with the raising of the usual taxes was an imperative necessity. SiIIINOII, in his slat ell ,ss Welt wa, a bitter attack on the government. hail asserted that the proceedings of the government were illegal and contrary to paragraph 99 of the constitution. Tire constitutional party, represented by Beekersith, Beuler,Vinek, took this view of the question, and supported Sinison's motion in speeches which would he highly damaging to any ministry governing by a differ ent chamber; but oil their eloquence, their legal acuiten, and careful collation of evidence in favour of their case was unavailing, the views of the government pre vailed. Sinision cited with great ct speeches made in 1519 and 1%30 by several members of the (Notre and right, and, above all, one made by the present Minister of Finance, who, on the IGth of November, ISSO, laid down the law in reference to an analogous case in an exactly contrary manner. It was moved towards the close of the debate that the Chamber should proceed to the simple order of tic: day, as the tech nical term is named. This motion was, however, rejected by a majority of GS. Several other motived orders of the day were proposed, but they all fell to the ground, with the exception of one moved by Deputy Falk, to the effect that the explanation of the Minister of Pittance had proved to the Clamber that the conduct of the govern ment in no way limited the rights conferred on the legisla ture by par 9..) of the constitution, and that, therefore, the 'notion of Deputy Simsou need not be pmeraded with. This was carried by l 4) votes againt It; votes. so that a majority of three have coneeded to the government the right of doing what it pleases with the iilUllll:`,4 of the country during • period when the Chamlwrs are adjourned by the same power, in order that they shall not interfere with the policy of the country. CERTAINLY Mr. (1. F. \OtNG is a very wonderful person. The astonishing perseverance with which he continues to pour forth harangues of one hour, I two hours. two hours and a half, or, in fact, any pos sible or fabulous dimensions, is such as half to con vince us that he is not really a highly respectable and opulent merchant, with a counting-house in Cornbill and a villa at Walthamstow, but some ex ceedingly curious piece of mevhamism, which the gentleman who get. up protectionist gh e parties puts into a green baize case and carries under the seat of the railway carriage to provincial appointments. Ile he, however, what he may, man or musical snutf-box, we must do hint or it. as the case may be, the justice to acknowledge that his speeches, th s ough now and then a little violent, arc never coarse, brutal, or bloody-minded, like those of another orator whose name these epithets will probably suggest, and that he never indulges in personal allusions likely to be pnjudicial or annoying to the objects at whom they arc aimed. The new press law is so tremendous an engine of despot ism in the hands of the bureaucratic authorities that even the organ of the rcactionan- party, the Noes Prewasisehe, takes the thld against it. This journal describes the new law as an attempt to make the whole press dance ns the government ebonies, and the introduction of the French system, against which its own party so frequently complains. A sum of 1,400.000 thalers has been recommended to the ' Chamber by one of its committees to be voted for the iris prover:lc nt of the navigation of the River Oder, the whole account to he spread OTPT a period of five yearst A new organisation of the police is to be introduced into the metropolis. Berlin is tube divided into thirty-seven reriere, or districts. seven of which are without the walls of the CIPT. Each district is to be superintended by a lieutenant of police. Beside's these officals, Berlin also possesses a morality " and a market police. At the head of the whole is an officer with the rank and title of a colonel, who is under the immediate orders of the president of police. Such, however, is not the case with all these gen try, and we regret to find that the clergy arc not exempt from the charge of backbiting their neigh bours. although we trust that there are not many clergymen who think a conspiracy for starving the pour the best sphere fur their exertions. Sometimes, however, these parsons catch a Tartar, and vi e re joice to see that one of the most cantankrous of the race, the notorious JOHN Cox. has had his knuckles soundly rapped for indulging in language of this deseription. Ion"; COX Li the brother-in-law of another notorious character, who, however, takes rather a different line—we mean the Bishop of LONDON. And at the Essex Protection Dinner. at ('helmsford—for farmers, although. as we all know. they are completely starved, sit down to the number of 150 "to an excellent dinner served up by Mr. BD.- TON at the Whito Hart Inn. in a style of taste and plenty that does great credit to his management"— at this protection dinner, where emery top-booted guest wen stuffing his carcase with bread and beef at free-trade prices. and roaring betwixt each mouthful that he was irretrievably famished, the Rev. Jous Cox, Rector of Fairsted, and brother-' in-law of the Bishop of Lotenox, took upon himself to throw out insinuations against the professional character of a highly respectable land agent and valuer in the county. In speaking of a val ua ti on which has lately b e en mad e o f the stock and crops of , Mr. Meetit's model farm, our reverend defamer said. He cMr. Nleeiti) had got three valuers, one of them a radical, an out-and-out free trader, thmso he did t say that mould bias Aim is the raluetion." Of FRANCE. PARIS, T111:11..1 )AV MORNING, The statement of the Conslitutionnel that the Pre sident of the Republic w•as not pn.sent at M. Dupin's ball is unfounded. Ile retied at eleven. Twenty-one of the President's horses were sold yesterday at the stables of the Itue-Montaigne. 'They fetched rather more than two thousand pounds ster n no'. M. (Artier sets out to-ciay upon an excursion to the Rhine, from which he announces that he will return on the 6th of March. He is accompanied by his wife and daughter. His journey is said to be unconnected with polities, and purely for the re-es tablishment of his health. The place of Procurcur-General, lately occupied by M. Royer, has been offered by that minister to two persons, MM. Rouland and Nicias Gaillard, but declined by both. M. Schcelcher's motion for the abolition of the punishment of death has been rejected by the com mittee of initiative. The committee on the Municipal Bill held its first sitting yesterday. Immediately . before going to press we have re ceive(' our Paris parcel of last evening, from which we make the following extracts : THCRIIDAT EVENING, People here are absorbed by the English minis terial crisis, and the local news presents but little interest. 1 he sitting of the Assembly, like that of Tuesday, has been insignificant to the last degree. The report of M. Betting de Lancastel, on the Laborde proposi tion relative to the Paris and Avignon ltailway, was read in committee. It recommends the proposi tion to be taken into consideration. _ The funds rose to-day sensibly. The Fives closed at 96.55, with an improvement of 20 centimes on ITALY. SOME, Frn. IS. A monthly tax of 50 baioechi is unposed upon horses and mules, The Austrian troops of occupa tion in the Roman States are to receive reinforce ments. Spoleto and Fuligno are to have Austrian garrisons. LOMBARDY. The Milan Gazette publishes a notification from Prince Sehwnrzenberg, dated the 20th, announcing that the payment of the forced loan is to be divided into twelve monthly instalments, so that front March next to the end of October each instalment shall amount to five millions, and from October onwards the six remaining instalments are to comprise the sum required to till up the 60 millions, deducting what may have been paid voluntarily up to that time. 'The provinces that made proposals of volun tary payment before the expiration of January last are allowed time to organise voluntary subscriptions until the end of the present month. The other pro vinces; shall be immediately-subjected to the exaction of the forced loan in the above-mentioned proportion. Nevertheless, they shall be allowed to enjoy the ad vantages accruing from voluntary subscription until the end of this month, but with the restriction that three-fifths of the sums paid shall be in hard cash, and the remainder in treasury notes. SPAIN. MADRID, Fr,. 22. The Senate has Toted the law re-organising the Bank of St. Ferdinand. The miniitry have de manded from the Chamber of Deputies authorisation to put into immediate execution the bill paved by the Senate on subinitutes in recruitment. Tnt LORD RECTORsiIIP or GLASGOW INVER stir.—The members of the university met on Wednesday in the Common-hall, when Professor kainny read the re sult of the recent rectorial e l e ctio n . showing that two nations " had voted for Lord Palmer,von, and two for : , heritf Alison, the historian. The principal then explained that by the constitution of the university the casting vote in cases of equality fill to be exercised by the retiring Lord Rector, or failing him, by the immediately preceding Lord Rector. A letter was read from Mr. Macaulay, dated the 19th of November last, stating that it would be out of his power to appear personally, and he must, therefore, suffer the casting son , to lapse into the hands of his predecessor. It was matter of satisfaction, however, that from two each di+tineuisht d candidates, he could not choose amiss. The principal then stated that the exercise of the privilege of in%ing t he casting vote now lay with Mr. Mute, of Cald w.4l, 31. P., Mr. Macaulay's immediate prtslicessor. Mr. More, who has up till this time been detained in Italy, then rose, and after alluding to the merits of the two candidates, gave his casting Tote in favour of Mr. Sheriff Alison, on the ground that he had the greatest number of individual rotes, although the '• nations' had been equal. The election was declared accordingly, amid much:applause. The public in auguration of the new Lord Rector was to take place yes terday in the College, when be was to deliver his installaiion specth. VOr Court. Lord Stanley had an audience of the Queen yes terday afternoon at Buckingham Palace. Bei Majesty and Prince Albert walked yesterday iu the gardens of Buckingham Palace. Prince Albert, attended by his equerry in waiting, rode out on horseback yesterday morning. In the afternoon ills Royal Highness, attended by Lieut.-Colonel Hon. Alexander Gordon, visited the building in Hyde-park fur the Exhibition of the Industry of all Nations. The l'rinee of Wales and l'rince Alfred, attended by Mr. Birch, took a carriage drive yesterday. The Princess Royal and the younger meruben of the royal family took their ac customed pony and walking exercise yesterday. At Her Majesty's levee, on Wednesday, Mehemet Bey, captain of a frigate, was presented to the Queen and Prince Albert by Cabouly Effendi, Charge d' Atfaires of the Otto man Embassy. N. de Saux was presented by Mr. de Ma rex:Jail, as Second Secretary of the French Embas-y. Sir Godfrey Webster, Bart., Commander, R.N., was presented to Her Majesty on his return from foreign service and pros motion, by Sir Frauds Baring, Bart. The Oxford l7niversity Comntission met on Tuesday. Present—The Bishop of :Norwich, the Dean of Carliile, the Muter of Pembroke, the Rev. 11. G. Liddell, the Rev. G. 11. S. Johnson, and the Rev. A. P. Stanley (secretary). The Duchess Dowager of Cleveland had a dinner party on Wednesday at her residence in Seymore-place. The company included the Duchess of Inverness, the Marquis and Marchioness of Normanhy, Lord and Lady Ponsonhy, Lady Elizabeth and Miss Baited, Colonel and firs. Phipps, Colonel and Irs. Grey, Lord flurry Vane, Lord Muigrate, Mr. Ellice, and Mr. Henry Milbme.e. The Earl and Countess of Lichfield arrived at thoir residence in Great Stanhope -street yesterday. MINISTERIAL CRISIS. Lord Stanley having communicated to her Ma jesty the Queen his inability to form a cabinet, Lord John ltussell has again been entrusted with the task of re-constructing a cabinet. This evening nt five o'clock Lord Stanley, it is expected, will state all the facts connected with the late events. The statements made in both houses will appear in a second edition of the Erin% sa. At five o'clock yesterday Lord Stanley proeeedcd to Buck ingham Palace, and nt an audience of the Queen expreswd his inability, at the present moment, to form an adminis tration. This proceeding is understood to have resulted from the unwillingness of Mr. Gladstone and Viscount Canning to agree to certain arrangements under which Lord Stanley proposed to carry on the government. A muting of the leading members of the Peel" party took place yesterday morning at the residence of the Right Hon. Sidney Ilerhert, in Carlton-gardens; Mr. Gladstone, Mr. Goulburn, and Mr. Cardwell, were among those Present. tiir James Graham called upon Mr. Gladstone yesterday, and hud an interview with the right hon. gentleman. After Lord Stanley had placed his resignation in the hands of the Queen, a despatch, written by Ills Itoyal nigh ness Prince Albert, was forwarded to Lord John !lessen at the noble lord's prisate residence in Cheshamsplace. At eight o'clock last night a communication from Sir James Graham addressed to Mr Majesty was received at Buckingham Palace. Her Majesty immediately replied to the right hon. baronet. The Earl of Aberdeen, Sir James Graham, and Mr. Card well were in constant communication during the day. According to the Times, it is understood that on the meeting of the lloase of Commons Mr. Cobden intends giving notice that he will submit a resolu tion expressive of the determination of the house to refuse its support to any administration that is not pre•lared faithfully to adhere to the free-trade policy adopted in the year IM6. LOED POLLTNGToN .LND TILE LATE ELECTION FOR PONTEFItArT.-It will be remembered that on the morning of the nomination, a fortnight ago, a Mr. Jefferson, school master, proposed, iu opposition to the lion. B. Lawley, Lonl Po'Legion, on the ground that his lurdship was a supporter of protection. Ile also averred that his lordship would consent to acne if elected. This was contradicted by the liberal party ; and the result was that Mr. Lawley was returned by a very large majority. Lord Pollington, who was at the time a considerable distance from home, i has now addressed a letter to the electors of Pontefract and the adjacent districts, in which his lordship expresses his relent and surprise that he had been put in nomination against his friend Mr. Lawley, and thus at the same time being made the subject of a defeat. lle states that rather than enter parliament by means of the forfeiture of promises macle to his friend, he would remain out all his life.. His lordship adds, that he is also unwilling to be represented as the enemy of free trade in its fair and honourable sense. lie voted in the last parliament for the free importation of corn front our colonies when Sir Robert l'etl refused even that small concession ; and when, in accordance with the ad dresses, both printed and spoken, made to them in 1841, he voted against the immediate and total repeal of the corn laws he grounded his vote on the fact that it was unjust to remove protection until they had removed restriction from agriculture. VAGRANTA IN THE METROPOLITAN DISTRICT.— Yest,rday a return to parliament obtained by Sir George Grey was printed, from which we gather the number of vagrants taken up within the metropolitan police district in the last ten years. It seems that the largest number was in 181:1, when 6,515 were taken into custody, and the smallest number in 1816, when 3,748 were taken up. In the year 1850, 3,810 were taken into custody, of which 2,406 were convicted, and 1,404 were discharged. In the ten years 52,107 were taken into custody; 28,873 were convicted, and 23,234 discharged. In three months ending January last 1,022 vagrants wer: taken into custody ; 660 were convicted, and the remainder discharged. DESTRUCTIVE FIRE IN PATERNOSTER-ROW.—Last evening, about 20 minutes to 6 o'clock, a fire broke out on the premises of Messrs. Themes and John Cuthbert, tallow merchants, Nos. 42 and 43, Paternoster-row. Messrs. Cuthbert carry on a very extensive business as tallow mer chants and inciters, and notwithstanding the confined na ture of the neighbourhood they have had a steam-engine and several boilers for melting tallow constantly at work for many years past. A great many complaints have been made by the neighbours at various times, and the danger to the surrounding property from the liability of Messrs. Cuthbert's premises to take fire has been represented, but all to nu purpose, and it has remained for the accident of last night to put an end to the nuisance of a tallow melting business in the very heart of the City of London. The man ner in which the tire originawd is thus described. In the basement story, as well as in the upper floors of the building, were several large copper boilers far melting fat, some of them holding nearly one ton weight of tallow. Only the two boilers on the basement story were at work yesterday after noon, and while the men in charge were tending these the lower part of one of them suddenly gave way, and the fat fulling into the furnace the whole of the lower portion of the premises were very soon in flames. The hooks, and such other valuables as COUla be speedily got together, were rescued by the clerks ; but such was the rapidity of the flames that it was found impossible to remove an 7 of the tallow, of which there were many hundred tons on the pre mises. The engine from Faningdon-street was soon on the spot, and the \\ atling-street and \Vest of England engines soon followed. There was an excellent supply of water, and by great exertion, after about half-an-hour's hard work, the fire was so far got under as to set all fears for the surrounding property , at rest. Messrs. Cuthbert's premises are completely gutted, and some valuable machinery de stroyed, but of the tallow there will be a very large salvage. The fire occasioned great alarm in the neighbourhood, and large crowds of spectators assembled, but admirable order was preserved by the police. BURGLARS' ANDATTENIPT TO MURDER AT WINDSOR. —The Dean and Canons of Windsor have contributed the sum of 201., to which government has added 501., as a re ward for information leading to the appaehension and con viction of the accomplice of Ash in the burglary and mur derous attempt on the lives of Mr. Tucker and Mn. Whit taker, of Clarence-road, Windsor. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS.—FRIDAY, FEE. 28. The LORD CHANCELLOR took his seat on the woulsack at a quarter before 5 o'clock. 'There was ,i I srgc attendance of peers, exidently in:expec tation of some statement being made with reference to the ministerial crisis. Several members of the lower house were present in the gallery assigned to them. NEW PEER. Baron Broughton de Gyfforil (late Sir J. C. llohhouse) was introduced. by Lord Elphinstone and Lord Glenelg, and took the usual oaths. lle took his seat on the front minis terial beach. VICE-CHANCELLOR'S BILL. On the motion of Lord LANGDALE, this bill was read a third time, and passed. THE MINISTERIAL CRISIS. Shortly after fire o'clock the house ti a• well filled. Oa the ministerial benches were the Marquis of Lansdowne, Earl Orey, the Marquis of Normanhy, the Earl of Carlisle, the Earl of Clanricanle, and Lord Langdale. The opposition benches were also well filled. Lord Stan- Icy occupied his usual place, as did the Earl of Aberdeen, Lord Brougham, the Earl of Hardwick , , the Marquis of Salisbury, Lord Reilesdale, and the Earl of .Mahnesbury. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE, after presenting some petitions, said that last Friday he was in the confident ex pectation and siuesre hope that that was the last occasion on which he should appear in public as part of the ministry. Ile then stated that Lord J. Russell was by the command of Her Majesty engaged in the attempt to re-construct the administration. lie was then so engaged, iu conjunction with a noble earl in that house, and a right hon. baronet a member of the other house. But, before that night (Friday) closed, the attempt failed. A communication was then muds to a noble lord in that house (Stanley) to ascertain whether he was able to undertake the duty of forming a ministry; but, at the end of two days, that noble lord had communicated totter Majesty his inability to do so. That communication was dated at a late hour pseerday afternoon. What he had uow to state was, that he hail that morning, by her Majesty's commands, attended on her Majesty, who, after making every effort she possibly could to employ in the construction of a minis try thou . , who were beat qualified to do so, was now, in this unprecedented state of public affairs, deairoua of pausing and taking further advice, _especially that of a noble and illustrious duke (Wellington). He had been summoned by her Majesty, and he trusted the house would acquiesce in the propriety of her Majesty pausing and taking such advice as she might deem necessary before taking a further step in this most important crisis. (Hear, hear.) Ile could not sit down without ',Latin!: the one consolatory circum_ stance in these difficulties -- that the differences and ditticuLies which had presented themselves had in no one instance turned upon personal questions, but upon honest and conaiendous questions of principle. (Cheers.) lie was confident such bad been the case in the whole of these transactions, whether carried on by the noble lord opposite or by others. (Hear, hear.) On behalf of all public men, not alone of his own party, ho would observe that, though great sacrifices of private ease and comfort might frees time to time be requiml of them, they could neve: be called upon to make the sacrifice of a prolonged attempt to carry un the business of the country without a promise of that support which was alike necessary to the honour of the crown and the efficient service of the public interest. (Hear, bear.) The opposite could not hut be detrimental to the honour of the crown and to the pub lic interests at large. (Cheers.) The Earl of ABERDEEN said it was ineumlsht on him, to explain to the houssithe motives for his combed, and which had led to the decision he had taken. On Saturday morning he was commanded by her Majesty to attend her; he did so on the eveuing of Sat urday, and, atter an audience, in which he humbly cap:eased his readinesa to co-operate in the reconstruction of the ministry, he subsequently met, in her Majesty's pm mac, Lord Joint Russell and Sir Janos Orahani. They again met Lonl J. Rumen on the follow ing day ; lie iommunicated to them the basis on which the government was to be reconstructed, and the principal MCA sures he proposed. This was between •1 and 5 o'clock on Sunday. On Monday they entered into an (mouths:Lion of the proposals. On some they entirely agreed ; on others mutual explanations might have led to an agreement ; their difference was confined to a single mea sure. He felt an invincible difficulty in the way of' adopt ing the measure for repelling what had hem called tho papal aggressions, to which decision :he had been led by deep conviction and feeling. He felt that this legislation must prove utterly ineffectual. It was difficult enough at all times, by force of law, to give a criminal character to acts in themselves indifferent, so as to secure the ling obedience of mankind; but when such acts proceeded from a sense of duty and religious obligation, they were beyond the sphere of legis lation. No doubt they might persecute, but they could not repress. For two hundred years they had tormented very effectually, but instead of diminishing, they had increased ropers-. his thought lie saw in that measure a retro grade step towards a epoxies of legislation which he hoped hail been for ever at an end. Sour obso lete enactments, it was true, still remained on tho statute-book, against which the legislature had expressed its opinion. But, though believing that uo breach of the law had taken place, he was fully sensible of the insolent tone of the papal document. This might have been matter fur negotiation, but it was no ground, in his opinion, for a law infringing on the liberty of their Roman catholic fellow-subjects. Ilia right hon. friend (Sir J. (indium) fully agreed with him in this view, though they haul no previous conference on the subject, and, until the day before the meeting of parliament, he had not the most iLstant hint of what was the opinion of the right tun. baronet. This was the case with all those noblemen and gentlemen with whom he hail usually acted in political life ; and even to this moment, he was ignorant of the opinions of slime of them. It was true the noble lord (J. Russell) had proposed to them material alterations sod tnodilicationa of the Eccles siast tad Titles Itill,which might have removed some objection to the measure itself, hut must have excited great disappro , bation and disappointment to all those representing the popular feeling, and the remnant of the bill would have been equally regarded as offensive and oppressive by tho I Roman catholies. They therefore declined to make them selves parties to a measure from which they could not anti cipate any good, and from which they feared much evil. The noble lord's attempt being at an end, her Majesty was pleased to send for him (the Earl of Aberdeen), and request him to undertake the formation of a ministry. Fully sensible of his own inadequacy to the teak, he still felt that there were circum , stances in the state of the country which might justify him in doing so. But knowing that a measure of penal legislation hail been introduced, and had received the I I assent of a large majority of the lower house, and would probably do so in that house, he had been led to intrcat her Majesty to spare him the difficulty of the task which she was graciously desirous to impose upon him. Ile had felt that it would kindle a flame of religious ' discord throughout the country, and would inevi tably increase the difficulties with which they had to contend. Nevertheless, he was confident that a great change would soon take place ; and he trusted their lord ships would give him credit fur the sincerity of his convic tions, and believe that nothing would have induced him to follow the course he had adopted but the conviction that he was acting on the principles of truth and justice. (Cheers.) Lord STANLEY said it was his duty to take that, the earliest, opportunity of explaining the negotiations in which he had been engaged. The late adminis tration having resigned their offices, or come to a determi nation to do so, on Friday last, a formal announcement to that effect was made to her Majesty on Saturday morning. On that day, her Majesty had done him the honour of stating, that believing him to possess the confidence of large body in that and the other house, she had thought it proper to impose on him the duty of forming an adminis triton. Ile had thought it his duty to ask her Majesty the grounds on which the late administration had resigned, and had :learnt that they were the same in substance as had been stated in that and the other house; namely, the divisions on Mr. Disraeli's and Mr. L. King's motion,. He (Lord 8.) must be permitted to doubt whether those were the principal causes. He could not but think that that moat difficult question of the papist aggres sion had much to do with the decision of the late govern ment. With difficulties so grave on one side and the other —a state of protestant feeling excited in the country by the prime minister's letter, and on the other an 'Mensal feeling produced in another body of their su, , ..:.rs, that this Was not a subject for legislation. He could not resist the conviction that this question la: .a had much weight with the government in inducing them re sign. The financial question was also one on a hied, they must have felt much difficulty, owing to the universal dis satisfaction produced by the budget of the Chancellor of the Exchequer ; and in this state of things, the hostile division EGYPT. CAIRO. I left Malta on the 14th ult. by the Merlin, one of ll.M.'srollintr line of steamenibetween Marseilles and Alexandria, and reached Alexandria in about ninety hours, a great improvement on the old steamers, Volcano, Spitfire, &e. . . . . , On entering the harbour, I could not help being struck, though it was my second visit, with the beauty of the view, and I wondered how the artists of du; Overland Route Panorama, now exhibiting in London, could have passed over such a scene, and instructed their lecturer to say that there was nothing interesting to sketch. The only explanation that I could suggest to myself was that they had never seen either the original or a drawing thereof; and therefore deemed it best to " let oil their steam," which they do in exquisite style, and thus divert the attention of their audience from a scene in Egypt to one which may be seen every day on the Thames. Not only do scores of aindnulls present themselves at one glance, hut also the lighthouse, the fortifica tions the palace, the hareem, and other oriental buildings, to say nothing of the harbour, with its shipping, Sc. As 1 stayed in Alexandria only a very short time, just long enough to be eased of my pocket handker chief, and to have my jacket-packet cut in one of the burners. and to notice that the large Greek church was rapidly approaching completion, while the English church was progressing slowly, the remarks that I shall make must be understood as specially referring to Middle Egypt, though, doubt less' Alexandria will have experienced the same changes since the death of Mehemet Ali as other parts of the country have done. tieing told at thC transit office that the omnibuses would leave the square for the Nlahmoodich Canal at 11.30, and knowing that minutes were of no moment in Egypt, never entering into the calculation of even the English there, I took care to be with my compa nions about a quarter of an hour before the time spe cified, but even then we were too late, and had to take donkies to reach the steamer, which also started a quarter of all hour too early. This hint may be useful to some overland passengers, who stray into the bursars. A few miles up the canal, we passed the mules carrying the Bombay mail. It may strike you as singular that the mails do not travel with, the steamers, especially when you are told that if they did, instead of being sent overland all the way to Suez. they would go in some twelve or twenty hours less time; but it appears that the British government never have sent the mails in the Pasha's boats, pre fen ing to risk a separate contract across the desert. and yet I cannot help . thinking that they would be at least equally safe in the steamers, while a large sum of money as well as considerable time would be saved. In six hours and a half from Aletcandria, we reached Atich, where, passing through the lock, we entered the Nile, and went alongside a large steamer, to which passengers and baggage were 'transferred for Cairo. When the Nile is low the ' lock cannot be used, so that the passengers have to walk a short distance. This is no very great incon venience, but the loss to the country in other ways is estimated at 50,000 La year,such as in boats having to exchange their cargoes, in delays, &e. There arc not less than 60,000 boats ou Ow Nile and canal, most of them running to Alexandria. How extreme, then, must be the inconvenience through not being able to use the lock ! The superintendent engineer, Mr. Nlnxton, PALS., laid a plan before the Pasha, I am informed, by which, for 40.0001., this evil could be remedied ; but it was not favourably received by his highness—why. it would be difficult to say, unless a fear arose in his mind that the ex penditure might interfere with his new palaces, of which I shall have to speak hereafter. Being unusually few in number the passengers were all able to make up berths for the night, which the Calcutta passengers are never able to do. In about seventeen hours more we arrived at the barrage, where the Nile divides itself into the Ito- Betel and Damietta branches. The barrage is in tended to be made available for damming up the river at all seasons, for irrigating the Delta and all the country north of the works. It is to consist of numerous Gothic arches, with floodgates between each, to be closed or opened at pleasure, worked in towers built on the respective arches. If it be found to answer—and I see no reason why it should not— it will supersede the labour of some million bul locks, camels, men, Ac., now regularly at work at the sackiyehs, shadoofs, and taboots—three several primitive machines for raising the water from the river, sluices, and wells. The original estimate for this magnificent structure, which would do credit to the greatest nation in Europe, was 10,000,000 t, and it was to be completed in ten years. Until lately 100,000 persons were at work at it in one shape or other. New, however, there is only about half that number. The works have been going on for seven rears, and 7,000,0001. has been already expended upon them, and yet they are not nearly completed. Indeed, I cannot help fearing that seven Fears more will be required. The engineer is a Frenchman, and one who well understands his work; but if his present salary (2,5001. a-year, I am told) is to be continued FO long as the barrage re mains unfinished, and reduced or stopped when the last gate is fixed, I should not like to speculate as to the time when the end would be seen. Report says that the Pasha has threatened to stop the works; but to do so would be worse than fully. Not only would the barrage accomplish the and for which it was originally intended, but it would also be available for the railroad to cross the Damietta bank of the Nile, should a line ever be constructed between Suez or Cairo and Alexandria ; and if any I improvement is to be made on the present mode of transit, it must be by a railroad, and not by a canal. A canal, to be of any use, must be a ship canal, and the dangerous nature of the coast for miles from Alexandria is said to render a secure entrance from the Mediterranean impossible; therefore a ship canal is out of the question. And to construct a canal in continuation of the Mahmoodeh would in cur great expense with very little benefit, while the utility of a railroad needs no remarks. Hut as I am not an engineer, and as the world will doubt less soon be in possession of Mr. Ste2ltenson's re port, who has been surveying the couoiry, I shall say no more on this subject in this letter. In less titan two hours from the barrage we reached Boulae, where vans were waiting to convey us to Cairo, a mile and a half farther. But I expect I have carried you as far as you will like to travel in one letter. My next letter will refer more particularly to the present state of Egypt. Cairo is at present in a very healthy state, but the weather has been unusually cold, boisterous, and rainy, SECOND EDITION.