The Express. — London, England, 1852-12-31 00:00:00

• r - - ;he entreins• TO COKRIMPON DINTS. & - Mira 4"11.0 Elpter." orestalawa ter row 0.1•1•0 4;008104 • r gribbaid ...my Today awl Fri. ok , .4111. u 110.0 Wpm& irromarost..ored.-1 'at "The !Wray,. US los Swale& pow, y rAdiel ar tie 011" lui• 10. 110averir&raml. by Teo ..41aal de ell eg MOH WATIR AT L0,11)011 BEMS. TM. —lllsuilmota. 10-. —llltemes. aa. 14e. Ta-ssaraaw—ikedis. N M bL .1011. LONDON, FRIBA r, DECEMBER 31. Teta Berl of ABIOIDECN intimated to the House of Leeds ea Monday night that the attention of the Minis° y would be directed to the subjectuf Education. As his Lordship leaves us at present in the dark as to what kind of measure the Government is about to propose, and how they intend to act with regard to existing arrangements, it will be well at once that the public should turn to the question, in order to discover, if possible, what sort of education we have a right to ex; ect. Thankful to tied a Ministry promising legislation on the subject, we must limit our expectations to what is possible. It is very desirable that, in addttion to all the in tellectual instruction a child receives, his moral facul ties shall be developed and his religious instincts cultivated and instructed. Of the desirableness of this there can be no manner of doubt. .t feeling of the truth of this propon•ion lies at the bottom of the theory and practice of education in the middle ages. Peisnaded of the fact that the man cannot be consi dered educated unless all his faculties are educed and brought out, the education of youth was entrusted to the teachers of religion, who, in addition to their intellectual qualifications, w. re naturally supposed to be in possession of those of morality and religion. There is no need to deny that this system worked well as long as it was possible to be worked at all. But the thing assumed a different aspect when the teachers of religion separated into parties, and held controversies on the subject-matter o: what was to be taught. When this fell out— when one priest anathematised the doctrines that another priest taught—then national education, with religion for its basis, becsmc simply bfripossible. Tlivre is no need in mincing the term; a national theo logical education is irnp'oiible. This announcement may be received with • bigoted denial in certain quarters, but the only answer to this is, that theme who utter the denial recognise this impossibility most fully Urumqi es iu their practical dealings with the question. The stanch Protestant acknowledges the impossibility era national system of theological edge:o tiose, when he keeps his son at home rather than let him partake of instruction from • Roman Catholic. The Romanist, the Presbyterian, the Methodist, by their exclusive systems of education, all =knowledge the same thing. The effect, then, of insisting apes the theological element in public education is to throw insuperable bars in the way of national ednestion at all. A system which will be applicable to all the children o! a nation nowt leave out that element about which the parents differ. Perhaps no more striking example can be given of the truth of the opinions we are maintaining, than the fact that the only systems of education that have been successful in modern Europe are those which are so constructed that no religious scruple shall be offended. Leaving out of consideration the Bcoles gniztes of France, the Netherlands, and those of Prussia, look merely at the hgures mentioned in the eighteenth annual report of the Commissioners of National Education in Ireland. The children of the poor twenty years ago in Ireland could not be educated. The Protestant parson invited children to his school, bet the Roman Catholic priest would not let them attend. The children were deprived of all chance of intellectual culture by the fulminations of ecclesias tics of both parties. They were introduced to bigotry at the very moment their understandings began to dawn. They sew that somehow or another religion stood in the way between them and education. The priests who would not educate the intellectual faculties of their flocks, in spite of themselves, gave the worst sort of education to the religious instincts. Protestant and Catholic, taught nothing else, learned to hate each other on religious grounds. When the evil was at its height, the government of the day stepped in with a remedy. The national system of education was introduced pursuant to the advice of • committee, recommending that a plan should be adopted to " afford, if possible, a combined " literary, and a separate religions education, and to " be capable of being so far adapted to the views of " the religious persuasions is Ireland, as to render " it, in truth, • system of national education for the " poorer classes of the community." The progress of this system has exceeded all expectation. In 1834 the number of schools was 789, and that of the children attending 107,042. In the year 1846, the schools were 3,637, and the children attending, 456,410. In 1849, the schools were 4,321, and the children attending, 480,823. In 1831, there were 4,704 schools in operation, attended by 520,401 children. Here is • vast result of more than half • million of children educated under a system which excludes doctrinal religion from the teaching of the schools, and which experience has could have been obtained by no other method. Et w eiTi d not the defenders of secular education a right to turn round upon their opposers, and say : " It is " you who are irreligious. It is you who by re " ligious pretexts would keep children down to " the level of brutes, and send them oat ▪ into the world with faculties so little " developed that they are inespeblo of eaderstandiag " religion at all except in its groom& hem. It ie " you who wickedly throw °Weeks is the way of " the mind of man attaining that stature Wended " for it by the Caaoroa." Here, then, we see that a near ewes* to an es elesively secular education ispeasslle. — ln the condition et hatred before the introduction et the National &heels we have we peed est of many that in the pesest day a @Wm' theologise' awake is imp:e lide. What a z in e sc: hem the Minis tr y is, that lbw will these truths and act upon *lm. We do est these in defog this to inert a new • • 'pls. It is a principle that hes run through all mien on the subject of edaustion for the last twenty years. It is one that runs through all the proceedings of the Committee of Education. All this legislation, all this administration, assumes the principle that the great mass of poor children in So country ems* be brought together to be edu cated as long an you make doctrinal theology the hew of your mistime. Are these large masses to be educated at all? Ha any government a right to keep bask the means of instruction from a numerous elms of its subjects? Hes it a right practically to leave a monopoly of culture to the rich? In a world in Audi the domain of the intellect is ex paoding day by day, and the difference of power between the uneducated and the educated man is constantly ineresslng, is it not the bounden duty of a i f ormarcent te met, as far as possible, bounds to this difference? Amongst inhabitants of the same nation, is it net monstrous that education should make almost as bread • line of demarcation between various classes as between animals of different ! sp ecies The Ministry must boldly, in defiance of all oppo sition, insist upon the fact of the utter failure of any other education than that which is secular, when applied to a nation. If the richest Church in Europe cannot find time and opportunity for the religious education of the poor, the sin be on its own head. The ample question for the Government is this—Are we to allow thousands of the 'abject/ of the QCELN to grow up in ignorance, and therefore in a state of degrada tion, merely be cause a few theological persona cry out for an impossibility ? Until the opposers of secular education can point to any country where an exclusive system founded on religion has succeeded, er until they can produce any scheme which possesses Se elements of possibility within it, they most be cold not to impede the progress of the people. ae They must be told that the Lords and • of England have a high and holy mission entrusted to them, and that a heavy sin will be laid to their charge if they do not perf o rm it. The Ministry and the Parliament must act as if the evil of an uneducated nation will be laid to their door. They must turn their ears away from fanatics, and listen to the solemn words of the great poet and prophet—low MILTON: Lords and Commons of England, consider what " nation whereof ye belong, and whereof ye are the * governors : of a nation not slow and dull, but of a " quick, iugenioua, and piercing spirit; acute to in " vent, subtle and sinewy to discourse; not beneath " the reach of any point the highest that human " capacity can soar to. What want there to such towardly and pregnant soil, but wise and tob.ourers to make a knowing a nation of " prophets, of sages, and of wolhies. There ate not wanting antecedents in the life of the l'exittre that induce us to hope that he will act upon the spirit of this warring, wisely and liberally. Whether or not the leaven of an extreme party in the Church which is visible in the formation of the Cabi net, will interfere to prevent the adoption of the only true course. time will show. Tea salesspedesee both in this and other Eng lishSeeenais, and the concurrent testimony of our American contemporaries, leave very little doubt ;hat the African Slave Trade is reeivirg in the island of Cuba. The cause of this revival is not, however, any abatement in the stringency of our cruising system, either on its coasts or on those of Africa. Oar squadrons there were never stronger, more active, or persevering. At Ambriz our Go vernment has refused to allow Portugal to establish a factory, lest a Portuguese settlement in that river for lawful purposes should give any encouragement to the visits of slavers E by the recent affair at Lagos, the slave trade north of the line has been for a time, at least, suppressed ;--south of the equator the most stringent measures are being taken at Santa Tanga, Cabenda, and in the Rio Congo; —over the Portuguese possessions , of which Loanda is the capital, a very strict watch is kept ;—and eveu- where on the western coast of Africa, especially in the Bight of Benin so long the emporium of illicit trade, a better industry and a lawful commerce are springing up in the mast surprising manner. This, then, is not • time when any revival of the slave trade by Cuba can be tolerated; and yet in spite of all our cruising efforts, in spite of all treaties, squadrons, and Courts of Mixed Commission, the question of its revival depends more on the Spanish Court and on the Cuban authorities than on any other agency. " The slave trade," it is truly re. marked - by Commodore Biwee, in his report to the Admiralty of the 17th January last, " requires "no organised system foe its support; it might "cease for a century and be renewed in • week." It depends on the encouragement given to demand. But recent experience not only in Brazil, but in Cuba also, shows the power of a determined government to'check the demand. Scarcely had the Brazilian Chamber passed the laws we have so frequently de scribed,—and the Brazilian government begun to act on them,—than the slave traders in Brazil took fright and of their alarm some curious evidence has lately been published. In the house of King Kosoxo, at Lagos, whoa captured by our squadron, were found a aerie[ of letters from his slave-trading friends at Bahis-In theearlier portions of this correspondence they give that Chief accounts of the proceed sales of his human consignment; complain of the preferences he shows to their rivals in the trade ; and exhibit all the usual jealousies of mercantile competitors. No sooner, however, were the Brazilian anti-Slave Trade laws enacted, than the tone of their correspondence totally changes. Instead of desiring, they refuse, to receive further consignments; instead of slaves, they ask for palm oil, ground nuts, and other articles of lawful commerce. "As the Government is " decided,"says Senhor Beak, writing to the King, " upon putting a stop to the trade, / am desirous " that you should not continue to make consignments "to me but Ar the leaefel trade in oil, clothes, and " ivory, I shall always be ready to serre you." Again, a month later, the same once flourishing slave im porter, at Bahia, repeats If you are my friend, you will not consign any more dares to me, fur I " would not hare them on any account, if they could be " had fur 5 or 6 rel. each." So, also Seabee Go- DI,IIIO, another Bahia slave merchant, addressing King Kosoko, thus winds up his transactions:— " Our accounts are thus balanced; and me &deices " to you, to the effect that I could receive no more " commissions to sell bake (fardos is the cant Porte " geese term for slaves) are now confirmed. I wish " you good health, and am, Ace." The Government of Brazil ordered the suppressal of slave-dealing, and slave-dealers write thee. _ _ _ We quote them passages from this remarkable cor respondence to show the power of a government to suppress the slave trade. And if this power has proved so efficacious along 4,000 miles of Brazilian coast, bow much lighter would be the task of the Spam= government in Cuba ? But it is not at the Havannah that it will be the duty of Lord Jon RUSSELL in his new sphere of usefulness, to attack this monstrous revival of the African slave trade. It is at Madrid only that a telling assault can be made upon the abomination. The British Government has, of course, no right to dictate to the Spanish Court who shall be appointed Captain-General of Crba; but it has a perfect right to remonstrate against the continuance is power there of a captain-general, whose principal duty seems to be to give encooeagrment to a breach of the obligations which Spain has contracted with this country. And this worse of conduct, it is to be hoped, Lord Jose Russiu.i. will, in the interests at once of humanity and of Spain itself, lose no time in pursuing. It is not merely the example of Brazil which proves that the Spanish Court can, if it please, terminate the African slave trade. There is ample evidence in Cuba, also, that a resolute Captain- 1 General can be equally successfuL During the government of General CONCHA the slave trade in Cuba was nearly suppressed. But its suppression diminished the gains of the greedy Cantering at Madrid; and Cosmic wee recalled. Under the ride of Ca:cants, the slave trade is reviving,—that the coffers of corruption and riot in that capital may be replenished. It was from the profits of this infernal trade that the QUM Moran was fur nished with means to overthrow the authority of ESPAILTERO;—it is by the profits of the trade that she hopes to have the power of restoring Absolutism in a country where the throne of her hapless daughter was founded= Coostitatiosaliens. _ _ . -7 The question of the revival of the Cuban slave trade is therefore an Rams= one; for it is the mis rule of Cuba that reacts on the misgovernment of Spain. De pri ve the court of Madrid of the wealth it derives from Caba, and its claws are cut. Throw it back on the revenues et Salm ami it k shorn of great part of its power of ammulle miathieL Cuba 1 1 yields it more than eft alike airlift of yearly tribute. Bat to tint lade mat be Wool the profits which the Quaint Worm ad the Camelia& derive from the taz_paid there by the dera Isatim morr e dgme. from their jobs in Kavanagh, from the they derived from their mosepolia, their and their plantations . Theses it is that deft means for their plots and conspiracies at home ;—thenos it is that the • dab i g stimulated. It cannot be for the welfare of hammity ha Spain shall continue to hold Cuba on ash Isems a 1 these; and ea these terms, and in this ilia Ipin I omit sag gentians to held Cuba. Bevelake e en& I motion. eves Maeda; will be pedaled lie he seatiwasd and petsZitPada devastation of AI a M, absolutism, , and pop debasement to at Madrid. " The real and well knows fast," Lard PzutzureM told Lord Holmes in see of his latest despatches.' •ib that the goverment el Madrid has system. • Melly and intentiooolly messaged the Ceiba • dove trade for two pewees :—First, in r= is t . e 1 a Wof Word income to a number ill-paid public • se to appointed lamina by moans of bribes Pan or by slave traders; Ind. secondly, Ile the purpose e • istainiag a hold_mse the Md. Mame it I • lingibt at Main thet as keg as hew is , alio Cabs a lorge to et mem he • while moieties IM3 dog to tle - whir 1 • sentry la potation twist tie bleat ma I " But bell these meta. Oa hid is error. a FM k all N .1.1 ii demoralise its own diem and leamtorn • them be violate the law; sail a mast eery will • boo bat a feeble hold of a salvo _y it the elmagest •61 which connects them is the fear en he part of • i s te&ter of an insurrection of the wen It is • that protection against such Mew might a IS hood by ether means and in other garters—by •to segpsole of the slave nolo width many •an Lewiston desire; or by as etwocration to "sem eller elate, for whirl, SOWN Mere are not • seenlisypertirans in Cuba." "The slave trade," Lord PALMERATON also re- Itaked.--and in full contormity with all the views Ultima in this journal,—" was till last year carried ~~ THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 31, 1852. "on in Brazil to • math greater extent than it has " been in Cuba I and many persons thought that it " would be a task of i ll us t %acuity, and requiting miteh time fur its ut, to pat dewaVor " Brazilian slave tradil. when the government "of Brazil set to work be preset and with • teal " desire to put the slave t down, the purpose has " been, in • great degree, accomplidsed in • few " months by the ordiaary course of law, and without " any dictatorial powers." FOr the sake, then, of Africa and humanity,—of Spain and its liberties,—of Cubaand its happiness,—of Brazil and its perseverance in its new and better CUEST,—of Eogland and its consistency, Lord JOHN RUSSELL will have to address without delay remon strances to the Court of Madrid which it can neither avoid nor evade. That Court has hitherto had com munications from Lord PALMERSTON on the subject, two of which we elsewhere insert. Erm.....„, attend Mrs. Bower. Witness was Mown Km. Km. Beim's. men. She had bar baby is her arms, case bee* to abuse her husband, and to praise Mr. %eft* AI of suddea *be lady, after having regarded !wheels etemilasely, appeared * dad in him a ressatblance Ile sees one "brim she did got like, as she soddenly el. *Named. " le the doll get thee behind es. Baum !" Witness eadeamered to calm her, but she matineed to ' abase MIN, mad at Met rose up, and pursued him abest the room, whilst he eadiavoured to south her. fir fits of mobil °Debased the whole night, nod it was only about 8 o'clock in the morning that she becentecals, at which hour witness !eat home. the porter of the house in which Bower lived, stated that he was in his room when Morton eases down, and said "Go up stairs—lend me a hat." He weal up, but *ea told to go down again and send up his wife: Ile did so. When he got down Horton came in. Melon asked him if he bad been up stairs; he answered in the affirmative, but said that it was his wife who was warded. To that Morton said, " Hum, ham," and pre casted up slain. A quarter of au boor afterwards he beard a spies and a try In the staircase. He ran t.) the stair's's, thinking his wife had fallen from the fifth story. He berried up, and as arriving on the fourth story found the corps. of Mr. Morton. He cried to his wife, " Close the door, and let no owe go out." But Bower, nevertheless, got off. The nurse who had attended Mrs. Hewer deposed that • conversation took pace between that lady and her husband on the lot October, but as it was in French, she had not understood it. At last Mrs. Bower said in English, "The Queen of England orders that this man shall be turned out!" Mrs. Bower had fever and delirium to the nest day. BM bad meted with violence to her sister, and even to_ . _ . Dr. Berths said Bower, whom he had known for four years, had requested him to attend his wife during her Becosehement, but he had been unable to do so, and had sent a colleague instead. He, however, visited her at his request on Sept. 23. He recommended diet a nurse should be found for as child, but Mrs. Bower said she would never comet. She was greatly excited, and said that it was desired to serve her as the Duchess de Prulin had been served, sad that the nurse was charged to administer poems to her. Oa September 29 - Mr. Bower again went to seek him, and on his suggestion Dr. Dubois was celled in to • consultation. Dr. Dubois saw that Mrs. Hower had the puerperal fever. In the evening Mr. Bower went to witness, and said, " My wife is raving —what must be aso ?" He recommended that • an should be procured to ware her until she eeedi be emit to a nabs de mate. He went tome her, mid hued her in a fury. Whilst he was there, a assing. was take. Bower that she wished to 11•41 Ma. He told him not to go, but as his wife insisted, Mr. iron went into her room. sad he (witness) left. At &lases:deck I. the evening hi was told that Mr. Bower had called at his house in a state of groat agitation: and that he immediately disappeared. Ha thought that Bower bad called to seek him because hie wife was no better. It was oily next day he learned what had passed. Morton called willies in the evening of the Ist of October, and told him that the violence of llre. Bower was Increasing ; that she had struck her sister, and had pulled a handful of hair out of his (Morton's) head. lie showed the hair to him. (The hair was produced and re cognised by the wither.) The Presiding irked Dower if it were not after the event drabs had gone to Dr. Bertin's I—The prisoner re plied intim eldneatith, and said that he bad gone to seek aasisimaa hem Marioa. Dr. C. Item deposed that it was he who had attended Mn. Beseme her emmethesinst. M. Anaheim; Tomlin. the seidieal man who made the post mortme inumaimilea 6S the body, deposed as to the state of the WY& Wild hare caused instant death. The deesetal bed he said, a powerful man, but his body had and netsrielly from old diseases. The knife peeimesilleas smi a sae as would muse the wound found in the as* et the diseased, and the blade of it was bent by miming in eneeet with the vertebne. The President read the deposition of M. Coudreuz, the brother-la-law of Rastas. Tke palter of the hones of M. Bunn proved that Mr. Bower WWI there M aim o'clock, and appeared in • very agitated dine- The Cann d i e Zions, the landlord of the house in the Rue de Sim, to the honourable conduct of the prisoner in his with him. A long deposition of a Mr.. Wilson, a 'last of Mn Bower, was nod, bat-it did not go to prove any further facts. The prisoner —I have no remark to make on that deposi tion, eviept that It is made by my most bitter enemy. It was to her that her husband wrote—" Bet poseemion of the zhildiren; I am about to employ all my efforts to bring that wretched assassin before an English or a French court of justice." The President—This witness only doees to the reproach made to you by your wife of having kicked her. The prisoner—l never struck her. The audience was then suspended kr a quarter of an hour. _ _ Whoa the audience eras resumed, M. Maynard de Franc, the Advocate-Geueral, addressed :s iu ttgleupport of the prosecution. He end in to deprive the accused of the excuse behind M had entremelied himself, namely, that believing in the dederstions et his wife, he had given way to as isseattreilehie heath of minion, nadir the influence of which he bed sank the fatal blow. The learned counsel smintaised diet the mimed ought not to have placed any credit in the assertions of his wife, who was locontestibly, he said, under the empire of a malady which affected the brain and mental powers of the patient. Everything testi fied to the insanity of the wife, and everything forbade the husband to pay any attention to her assertions. The very fact of a woman making such a revelation as Mrs. Bower had done, was enough to prevent all credence; for no woman who acted se she mid she had done, would be likely to mention it. The Issened ennesel then argued that the messed could not have believed whet his wife had asserted, as, had he done so, he would lave killed the child and mother instead of rushing Mee the dining-room to seek Morton. But it might perhaps he said that Bower had the excuse of the flOpillne ddidelne, *Mimi by Art. 324 of the Penal Code in eases of killing whonsa=zeoramitted. No sash pies geoid be alleged, beams slimed in the cue to eilabliit Molly the adidetog of Kn. wet. At all meets Mottos was net takes lad rotten Maio. When Mn. Bower, in her ravinftemileilmassisilehmhisit excited the prisoner, his lest ael masaYs was that ho would kill the Mild. Mediation tell Ms Uri bet ad myrtle= were not erodible. No bid dare to asst. The kw, even when it Mid* a *fineness fit Meg ea edelarer Ike. not ' Silledllll the principle of veneps bet inielipatly pre ssen the enemas of an inoldo Impels wader the inteediate West of a terrible ease. Tire ledelieese is raised to a mss sob keeps • entelosse. pdesese ad mits amine showing that his ewe seem* aught his wail=the marriage tie. The leaned eseesel at peat length on the evillest stem sd, is otesiels4 spoke strongly essimet the ides of en aequithd wader ileinmetenses like the To wholly acquit the seemed well be, he to eetablielt a dreadtil goossiset of heintaity ; still Illejerg might, Lf it thee& M. OWNS is verdict by the Wiles of extenuat ing aersisoloeser. whisk would allow the 'rat to proper ties the peel to the halt. ...E .A Chals-d'Hainege nut addressed the wart kr the H. lINIMNIIteI by swathing the native which situated Bower. Wee it tree that the wife was guilty Maisltery ? Was it tree that Morton was her paramour end the faggot of the algid P The learned gentl eman an swered these gaestions In the slerMative. Look, said he, at the .*lost of this woman before Oulu 1, and since • puled. DAM that date every ewe was fully aware that N , iliel In WY bat soarand every sae felt for Bum tenepta Melen's usk he tell yea of these neles papas. m hick h sad we was i will the hal& el eargying, smashup is sestet, frees Mn. Bower to cal b notrasa I. her. Interrogate the por true of bar hangs as M Mertes's visits, at what UM* they tea plea, whet wee their length, and what was th eir shenteter. Quad= the purses on the cosfideaess omit to her, as the Weisel whisk as had to faial te Pram after the anegushauslon ale hair which the hal is earry to the add% fithlssr, sedan the happy rum- Haw which she was lobe sore to guatiutelles. And let it nettle said that the wee ill throe. Is *seeder aim on Gao -1 her I was oily a upstitien at the maw gives a fortnight before. After Ostehse 1 falseseepte Mn. Bower herself, her coadast, her sesolue_ argent. Per wheat were thug =prelim ? Pa r her Mauit By ao mess ; but fag the saes whew she W kat. die dearest object of her efisetless Will it he sold that this regret was the result of landaus ? Bat due thou mtheppy ofroussunoss Yrs. Bower is at Losers, is whet health, aad It is for Mu le* that she =her winning ; is Merton whose she she mhos to Paris, bee letters are I =4 with lir& Zen Is eae—l hold it hane—whigh tatting to her bannkble grief, end it is he mews alias ahe .a Chsix•dlgatange We, with velmunat selles,heM ap a letter encircled with it=blast harder.] Must senestioa.) The learned gave a resitsl el the bete of the Ist October, and mind whether it mess wail& that the law could punish Inner for strikiag the 11111thielli of his wife. Hs struck Wu, he said—l will not that it did Ida hum, but because he could not do ctkeewlw. He NM him, burrs he ought to do se sad lassie h was ..mw for him to act as he did. I ask you, geedgessu what ten seacoast you would not have done the same, if he had hen placed la a similar position. Formy pert, I say that he hasray dome what he ought. After giving a dame& *.Ebel of si the events of the evening of the let M Gabor, the learned gentleman concluded by stylise: " We have ham all told that Bower acted without actual pease of die adultery of his wife, and that it would not have hen pessible for him to have had her condemned for that 1111110 s. If Morton were present, it has been uid it weal be impossible to prove that adultery before a eau of justice; so magistrate would be found to believe the charge, net any law to punish It. How can such reasoning be for a moment admitted t What,with the facts before us that a man, a friend, stole into the house of Bower, seduced his wife, who had been so chute a n d a n pare boom that time; when this man, not content leg himself with the adultery which be o enmity, but intro duced an adulterous child into the fatally; when that woman tells her husband, it was here tea months ago, in your bed, that a friend possessed my persoa, and that friend is the father of that child whom yen believe to be yours, but who is your friend's, and when this basband, thus be trayed, with rage in his heart and his breast torn by a million of furies, has recourse to a court of justice, be will be simply told —This is not sufficiently proved, the law can do nothing for your grief; it is powerless to *Tongs your injuries. Then this husband will seek from his. own arm that veng.ance which the law re. kepi him, this is why, I say, that Bower has acted right in what he has done." ' This man," the learned gentleman continued, belongs to a nation which is justly proud of its institutions, to a nation which has Feuded as la the path ofgego:eas. He was out a' the reach of French kusage. and yet he kse tome to cause himself to be trial It. His has done* oil. I do not say that our justice is beet of the world, ble I w say that it is the Ent. He will return to Leadoff. and will toll his countrymen what French justice is • with w. , tat religious attention a French j ur y us e .. t o "Li chee . cn. th what intelligence and con leitllCll it judges the &B r aise i übmittol to it. He has paid homage to our justice. sad I eel again he has done well. You will not excuse him—you Will acquit him. Do you think that in 10 doing you will gr.'st him impunity ? imi• paalt,)—oh no! The evening of the let October will be for him a subject of eternal remorse. le acquitting him you. will give him not happiume, but at least repfte. The President then summed up the evidence with great minuteness. _ _ The Jury retired at a quarter to eight o'clock to delibe rate on the verdict. Three minutes after the bell of the jury-room was heard to ring to intimate that they were agreed, and immediately after they returned into court. The foreman then declared in the viral form that the verdict was one of Acquittal. Mr. Bower was brought in, and the president informed him that he was acquitted. Mr. Bower was then on the instant set at liberty, and re ceived the congratulations of the persons in his vicinity. FRANCE. PARIS, Ti tansy EVINiXO. General Bouscaren has died of his wound received at Lagbouat. One of the many evil consequences of the present state of the press is the prevalence of false reports, and the absence of any efficient means of contradict ing them. Where the pleas is free, it is impossible that alarming rumours can circulate many hours without a full and satisfactory explanation being laid before the public. But in Paris at the present time, people knowing that disagreeable news of every kind is always hushed up as long as possible, have no confidence in official denials, and the ab sence in the independent journals of any allusion to a given rumour is no proof that it may nit be true, for perchance they may have been ordered to be silent. For the last three days mysterious whispers have floated about Paris that an infernal machine had been fired at the Emperor at Compiegne. The story, wholly unfounded as I believe it to be, happened to reach my ears only last night. I made inquiries and found the belief that something of the kind had occurred exceedingly general, especially in quarters least likely to be well informed. At the Bourse the thing had teen mentioned merely as an idle talc, and it excited no attention. But among tradesmen in remote parts of the town it was really astonishing to find how devoutly the report was believed. I heard the same account from three or four people wholly unconnected with each other. It was said that the Emperor had been shot at, that Edgar Ney had been killed, and his body consesled to prevent the matter from being kn ow n, that everybody heard to speak about the affair would at once be arrested, and that several hundreds were already in prison. This morning a contradiction appears in a shape so far from satis factory, that people are more than ever inclined to think that the report cannot have been wholly destitute of foundation. The Press* says that several country newspapers publish the following despatch from the Minister of Police : Paris, Dec. 27, 9 cm. A report has been spread in Paris and is certain depart ments that, while hunting at Compiegne, the Emperor had been wounded by an assassin, and that several persona of his suits had been killed or wounded. This report is com pletely false. Now it is certainly very curious that reports said to have been spread in Paris should have been con-' tradicted only in the provinces, and that this Indirect publication of an official denial, made three days ago, should be the first information given to the readers of ,the metropolitan press of the existence of the re port itself. The Moniteur and all the government journals are wholly silent upon a matter which was thought of sufficient importance, at 9 o'clock in the morning of Dec. 27 to be the subject of a despatch from the Minister of Police to several departmental journals. It is noticed that the paragraph cited by the Freese does not in terms deny that an attempt at assassination was made, but only that the Emperor was wounded, and that " several" persons were killed, neither of which facts was alleged according to the story current in Paris. The Mumilner states that the return of the Emperor to Paris was retarded by indisposition, but that no sedum remelts followed, as his Majesty was able to travel without inconvenience on Tuesday, and to transact bodssossikii ministers yesterday morning It might have been added that he went to the Opera last night, and was thought to be looking exceed ingly well. The nate= of his indisposition at Com peigne has not transpired. It was thought neces sary at the Bonne yesterd a y to post a bulletin, dating that his Majesty wee in perfect health. Thii placard, exhibited about ten minutes before the close, was thought to have been the occasion of the alight recovery of the funds from the depression which had prevailed throughout the day. Poor old ,Jerome Bonaparte is laid up with the influenza. Notice is given that he is confined to his , bed, and that his usual Thursday evening reception cannot take place to-day. Ido not know what has become of the Pope's nuncio and his credentials. It was formally an noenced that he was to go in state to the Tuileries to present them at one o'clock on Tuesday last. The Emperor did not arrive there till three, and no sort of explanation for the postponement has been made public bcyond the fact of his Majesty's indisposition at Compiegne. The recognition by the three great powers, so often confidently announced, still hangs fire. The govern ment jon z nals, however, to-day quote triumphantlythe following extract from a Berlin letter of the 26th, in the C:Tis Gamete : We hare est karat the important news that Runic Austria, Presets hays ewes to a moieties to mown the Priest empire is a very short time, sad that they are directed Ia this sup y the same motives which led them to recognise Louis Phi lippe.l There is so idea of any special PARIS, WIDNISDAT EVISIXO. The most recast intelligence from Berlin gives groat @addiction. It Wu never believed that the madmen courts would withold definitively the ro cognition of the restored empire, but the delays which have taken place have been difficult to account for, and, together with the Carols Visa business, gave some reason to suppose that in the manner of acknowledging the new government the powers would not be very anxious to study the convenience of the Emperor. Wears now told that the rooogni don will be accomplished within a few days. The Moniessir prints conspicuously the followin as from • Vienna letter: "The Em has just given orders for a considerable redaction in the effective of the Austrian army. The redaction is not only to be applied to the infantry, but also to the cavalry and the artillery, the horses of the dismissed soldiers to be sold. It is caddy in the army of Italy that the reduction is to tab place." The German or s contain MIS shissowit of the kind, but about dta rsaastias in Iteealy, which isbads a must Wally aosnennaa. Mar g nay to fa patinas, rogiumals. *a bid drama d die Lasabardbllawsilom wan we say be well aswwwl,' will rake bbouad &on diminished. The swat at M. Tropbog, on the modifications of the constitution, is 0111111111 Seed upon at some length by the Assesiblis Nalbesafs and the Union of this day. The article of the Assembles is written, however, under so evident • conviction of restraint, that the opposition is rather to be inferred from the general tone than demonstrated by extracts. The Assemble*, in analysing the report, turns each point to account as well as it can, in order to mark the extent to which parliamentary principles have been repudiated. The Boone was in a feverish state again to-day. and public securities suffered • further decline. The Four-and-a-Half per Cents. opened at 106 f. 80c., and clamed at 105 f. Ito. for the end of the month ; the I Three per Cents. closed at 81E 10e. ; Shares of the New Bank of Credit Mobilise., issued at 600?, 850 f. THE TRIAL FOR MURDER. Our report of this promo wu yesterday brought down to the evidence of Joseph Bacon, servant to Mr. Morton, who deposed that be had often taken letters from his muter to Mrs. Bower and brought beck answers. When Mr. Bower informed Mr. Morton that Mrs. Bower was so W, Mr. Morten was for a week continually as Mr. Bower's, sad *alyssum home twice to dress. The other days witness took him clean linen and whstevar else he might require to dress. I Dr. Campbell declared that he was a medical man ; that on the night of Oct. 1, on returning home, at 11 o'clock, he found a few lines written in Rughsh, requesting him to eall immediately at Rue de Sem, No. 2, to see Mrs. Bower. 'The paper dated a quarter to 9. Witness went as directed, and found the dead body of • man lying there. Ths Commissary of Police was In the house. iWitness inquired who had sent for him, and no one ,could say. Witness at last coarshasdod the muter, as it was Dr. Dubois who reossesaded his ITALY. The French Munileur of the 29th speaks of alleged reductions iu the Austrian army, and adds that " it is chiefly in the army of Italy that the reduction is to take place." Recent letters fromVienua state that the Austrian army in Italy, far from being reduced, is receiving considerable reinforcements. The long procted and extensive "Stabiliment e Mercantile" at Venice will, it is said, now be speedily completed, as the chamber of commerce has supplied the funds which the subscriptions of the Frankfort houses left insufficient. BELGIUM. BRUSSELS, WEDNERDAY Events°. The Senate commenced this afternoon, in secret committee, the discussion of the provisional treaty of commerce with France. Up to four o'clock the debates were nut made public, but the treaty will be for a certainty voted without much opposition, at all events, by a large majority. Previously to going into secret committee, the Senate discussed and voted the provisional grant of seven millions of francs for the war department. One member (M. Von Schoors) asked if it would not be proper to make arrangements for having only Bel gian officers in the army. Certain °filters [those of French origin] were not naturalised Belgian subjects, and they would be placed in a very difficult and delicate positionin the event of a war breaking out between their country and Belgium. Those officers had certainly rendered great service to the country in times of danger, and he (M. Von Schoors) was not desirous of acting in an ungrateful manner; but could not they be placed on the footing of the Polish officers who, on very liberal terms, had been lately removed from the Belgian army ? M. de Brouckere, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, observed that a bill for the organisation of the army would be presented after the re-assembling of the chambers. As for the officers of French origin, they might be divided into two categories; first, those who by virtue of a decree of the provisional govern ment of 1831 entered the Belgian service; and, second, those who arrived in Belgium subsequently to the promulgation of that special decree, and who could not claim the benefit of it. The government would consider the best mods of dealing with the latter category of officers. P.S. At the close of the debate the senate voted the treaty with France by a majority of 33 to 3. SPAIN. The Madrid Gazette of the 24th gives an account of the reception on the preceding day of the French ambaseador, General Aupick, by Queen Isabella. The ambassador, after being introduced with the usual formalities, presented his new letters of credence, and addressed the Queen as follows: I have the honour, madam, of platting in the hands of your Majesty the letters by which the Emperor Napoleon, my august sovereign, accredits me as ambassador near your royal person. As the organ of the sentiments of his impe rial, Majesty, I am happy, madam, at having this opportu nity of renewing to your Majesty the assurance of his sincere friendship, and his ardent wishes for the personal welfare of your Majesty, and the prosperity of your kingdom. The form of government which, en her independence, France has just given to herself, and conse crated by the mosteolemn vote, can only strengthen more and more the bonds of friendship with Spain, which has so profound and chivalrous a love of monarchy. In the firm conviction that your Majesty in continuing to me the august kindness with which you have honoured me up to the pre sent time, will deign to facilitate the accomplishment of the mission that has been confided to me, I entreat your Majesty to believe that my constant efforts will be duetted to the maintenance, and if possible increase, of the intimate rela tions which happily already etiat between France and S pain. Her Majesty replied: Oeneral—l receive with pleasure the letters which se. credit you as ambassador from his Majesty the Emperor of the French to my court. You may assure your august Sovereign that I respond sincerely to the friendship which you manifest in his name, and that I offer up ardent wishes for his happiness and for the prosperity of the French empire. With regard to the resolution taken by France, in the snerein of her independence, to re-establish the imperial t, I am pleased to consider the Em peror as the Mst fined to maintain and to heighten the friendly relations which esist between Spain and France. I do not doubt, Monsieur l'Ambesradeur, that the confirm. atlas el rissitlesor at my Newt will contribute in an coma es roast Ws thairable result, and you mat hrelitaidZ` joaeaal elastlial Aerie has ceased to appear, in consequence el the seizure of one of its last num bers, and the is of its responsible editor. Marren sildromed from Bayonne a demand for authorisation to return to Madrid. It was rejected by the Council of Ministers, after an animated dis cussion. SWEDEN. The French Moniteur states that Baron de Stier neld, Minister of Foreign Affairs to the King of Sweden and Norway, has announced officially to the French minister at Stockholm that new credentials have been forwarded to Count de Lowenhielm, and that that envoy was charged to offer the Emperor of the French, on his acoession to the throne, tho felici tations of King Oscar. PORTUGAL. LISBON, Dec. 20. The subjoined confiscatory decree was published this morning in the Dian() de alders°. If it does not create astonishment in London it will awaken indignation : DECREE FOR THE CONVERSION OF PORTUGUESE BONDS. " Taking into consideration the Report of the Ministers and Secretaries of State, I am pleased to decree as ((Atoms: " Ist Article. On the Lt January, 18j3, the following are to be converted into inscriptions or bonds of 3 per cent. per annum, payable without any deduction . " In. Ilse internal lit ides de distracts of Six per Cent., at the rate of 120 per cent. " 2nd. Inscriptions, de., of Five per Cent., at thereto of 100 pet cent. " 3rd. Inscriptions, dc., of Four per Cent., at SO per cent. " 4th. The titmice of the Acores Debts at 100 per cent., for the Five per Cents. ; the Three per Cents., at GU ; and the Two per Ceuta., at 40 percent. " 6th. The Five per Cent. Beads of the Eaternal Debtor 1841 (decreed to he converted on the 2nd November, 1811), at 100 per cent. "6th. The Four per Cent. Bonds of the E=ternal Debt of 1846 (converted by decree of 19th April, 1845), also at 100 per cent. " 7th. The debentures issued for the payment of coupons due up to 1840, which are still in circulation, u also the bonds and coupons of the old loans not converted, raking them, as the basis of calculation, to have been converted into the Five per Cents. of 1841. " 2nd Art. The Three per Cent. bonds and inscriptions issued by laws of 2iith August, 1848. and 30th June, 1849, are also to be converted unto the New Three per Cents. at 100 per cont. " 3rd Art. The receipts and certificates for tits capitalisa tion decreed on the 3rd December, 1851, and issued, or to be issued, in conformity with the decrees of 24th December, 18.51, and 6th January, 1852, and in which are included the internal and external dividends of 31st December, 1850, 30th of June and 31st December, 1831, 30th June, 1852, are all to be converted at the rate of 100 per cent., but the interest due on the 31st December, 1852, shell hrst be paid upon such receipts and certificates, in conformity with the, decree of 3rd December, 1851. " 4th Art. The difference of 1 per cent. per annum which the holders of the 5 per cent. bonds of 1841 did not receive in money, and 3 per cent. bonds during four years-1845 to 11418—because they had not agreed to the conversion de mood on 19th April, 1843, will be paid to them upon the malisation of the present conversion, the money portion in I the New Three per Cent. Donde, at the price the said Five per Cents. may then bear in the market; and the portion in bonds of Three per Coat. ill thu New Three per Cents., at par. "Sth Art. The holders of the internal and external COL. solidated Debt shall be indemnified for the deduction of 24 per cent. from the interest of the last halt-year of 1818, and following dividends, until and including that of December 31, 1842, by giving them an e qua l a mount in wider of Deferred Debt, which will begin to receive 3 per cent. inte rest on the lst January, 1863. "6th Art. On the lit of January, 1853, the following a re reduced to thee...fifths of their original amount " 1. The interest upon the 4,000 contoo loan, paid to the Dank of Portugal by the tobadco contract. " 2. The life interests paid by the Board of Public Credit. " lth Art. The endowment of the Huard of Public Credit for the eecond half of the present financial year (inn. 1 to June 30, 1853) is to be regulated in conformity with the preceding articles of this decree. "Bth Art. The bonds, inscr:ptions, &c., exchanged for the New Three per Cents., in conformity with the 1.. t, 2ad, and 3rd Articles shall be cancelled, and anturti.sua, with the usual formalities. "9th Art. To the holders of the internal and eatrimai debt, who do not spec to this conversion, interest sill only be paid after the Ist of J anuary, Ib3&, at the rate o f 3 per cent. per annum, and it will be reckoned as if they had agreed to that conversion without further cum:iensatunt or advantage. " 10th Art. The Board of Public Credit is authorised to create and issue the inscriptions and bonds necessary fur the execution of the present decree, and it ought immediately to draw up the necessary regulations. " llth Art. Authority is given f,r all the expi nits neces sary to Corry out this COUlVflit/11. "12th Art. All legis!atiou contrary to this d, tree is re. yoked. " 13th Art. The government will give an account of this decree to the Cortes, and the ministers and Secretari.• of State for the different departments will provide for its execution. _ _ " Pa:ace of Ntecasidatler, December IS, I 8 2. " The QUEEN Deka of 8 tI.DAN/LI, Rontuao DA FoN*lrk MAOALHASN*, ANTONIO MAMA riE FUNTIN PERIM/. LIE MELLO, ASTIMIt) ALI:1410 JEILVI3 LE All/LW:IA." TURKEY. By the Levant mail we have received Constanti nople journals to the 14th. The Turkish cabinet continued to be occupied with financial questions, and had resolved upon certain reductions of salaries, which it was calculated would cause a saving of between 30,000,000 and 40,000,000 piastres a year (between 8 and 11 millions of francs). The Journal de Cmstantinnple denies that, as stated by the Vienna papers, ltussia has recognised the independence of Montenegro. It also complains that the financial embarrassments of the government arc greatly exaggerated by the German journals, though how this can be does not well appear. It announces that there was no truth in repots that were current that the provinces of Bagdad and Mos soul had been invaded and occupied by the Arabs of the Desert. Ahmed Atti Bey hail left on a mission for Tunis. Private accounts from Constantinople state that the Bank had ceased to issue bills of ex change, and the Porte had ordered that no issu e should take place until it should be decided whether the Bank was to continue or wind up its affairs. The anxiety of the commercial interest was very great, and a prompt solution of the point win ear nestly hoped for. Paper money was at a discount of eight per cent., and the Bank would not receive it. Gold and silver had also become scarce, and commercial transactions were menaced with inter ruption. The Dehats states, on the authority of its corres pondence from Constantinople, that Afif Bey had left fur Syria to carry into execution the conventions be tween the Sublime Porte and France on the subject of the Holy Places. According to this account the attachi: of the French embassy had been sent to Jerusalem with instructions on the same subject. The Russian government was very dissatisfied with what has been done in this affair; and its ambassa dor at Constantinople had sent off two couriers to Jerusalem, withorders to leave the city if ►fif Bey should execute the conventions between the Porte and France. LORD PALMERSTON ON THE ISLAND OF CUBA. VISCOUNT retatiastoN TO LORD ItOWDEN. Foreign.othec, Oct. 17, Isll. • MT LORD,—With reference to the satisfaction expressed by the Spanish government at the orders given to her Majesty's cruisers to prevent any band of when turers of any nation from lauding in Culoa to excite or to join insurrection, I have to instruct your lordship to say to the Spanish government that the best way in which it could make its acknowledgments fur this measure on the part of her Majesty's government would ha by punctually fulfilling the treaty engagements of the Spaniels crown against slave trade, and by rigidly enforcing the laws of Spain on that subject. During the last fourteen or fifteen years there treaty engagements have been flagrantly violated, and those lows have been systematically and notoriously broken through in Cuba and Puerto Rico. It must be manifest and plain, however, to the commonest understanding, that there viola tions et treaty, and these breaches of law, would not and could not have happenid if the government of Madrid had been determined to prevent them. That which has happened in regard to slave trade is Brazil is • parallel case. For a long some of years the slave trade was carried on in Brazil to an enormous extent. The Brazilian govern ment always met the representations of the British govern ment by assurances and declarations ; but the slave trade continued without check. At last, in the summer of 1840, circumstances induced the Brazilian government to set to work in earnest to fulfil the treaty engagements of the Brazilian crown, and to enforce the laws of the Brazilian empire ; and as soon as the will to do so existed, the way to dose was found, and in the short space of a few mouths results were with the greatest ease accomplished, which fur a long course of years had been represented as utterly im possible. A similar result would take place in Cuba and Puerto Rico, if • similar course were pursued by the Spanish government ; and her Majesty's go vernment cannot but entertain a hope that the cabinet of Madrid will at last awaken to a due sense of its duties and obligations, and will put an end to a system of crime and piracy which is a stain on the Spanish character, and on the honour of the Spanish crown. I have to desire that your lordship will give • copy of tnis despatch to the Spanish minister.-1 am, &c., (Signed) PALMERSTON. VISCOUNT PALMERSTON TO LORD lIONDEN. Foreign °Mee, Oct. 20, 1.6.51. My lorl,—l have received yeur lordship's despatch of the lit inst., transmitting a copy of a note which you bad received from M. de Mirallores in reply to your note of the 20th ultimo, recommending, on behalf of her Majesty's go• vernment, that the government of Spain should follow the example set them by New Grenada, in deelaring the total abolition of slavery in that republic. With reference to that passage in M. Mirallores's note in which he states that the Spanish government cannot under stand how her Majesty's government can seriously recom mend a measure which would prove very injurious to the natives of Cuba, when they also recommend that the Spanish government should conciliate the affection of those Cubans; I hive to instruct your lordship to observe to M. de Mire flares that the slaves of Cuba form a large portion, and by no means an unimportant mse, of the population of Cubs, and that any steps taken to provide for their emancipation would, therefore, as far as the black population is con cerned, be quite in unison with the recommendation made by her Majesty's government, that measures should be adopted for contenting the people of Cuba, with a view to secure the connexion between that island and the Spanish ' crown; and it must be evident that, if the negro papule . lion of Cuba were rendered free, that fact would create a most powerful element of resistance to any schism , for annexing Cuba to the United States, where slavery still caists. . With regard to the bearing which negro emancipation would have on the interests of the white proprietors, it may safely be affirmed that free labour coats leas than slave labour, and it is indisputable that a free and contrived peasantry are safer neighbours for the wealthy elitists altos., them than ill-treated and resentful slaves; and Out slaves must, front the nature of things, be more or less ill treated is a truth which belongs to the inherent principles of human nature, and is quite as inevitahlo as the resent ment, however suppressed it may be, which is the conse quence of ill-treatment. It dam nut seem, therefore, that . the communications which you were in,tructed to mdse el the measure which bad been adopted by the government and parliament of New Grenada, can jus.ly be deem du a, at all at variance with the friendly sentiments felt and es. pressed by ner Majesty's government towards Spaia WtIA relation to the affairs of Cuba,—l am, &c. (Signed) rALMEIOros. DELAY OF THE AFRICAN MAIL. (RY TELZOK ) FALMOUTH,THIR. ,,I The Forerunner steamer, Atkins, with mails tor Africa, put in here on Wednesday afternoon. STRANGE CHARGE AGAINST A CLERGYM‘N.—We read in the Ma /in Mail of the 2tth .—" We unili.r,tsn ,l that • we will in all probability occupy the bench w h,ch, fortunately, is not of frequent occurrence—it is no less th the trial of a dignitary of the church, holding high vol. • neighbouring island, the Rev. lilr. 11—, who is i.har_.A with sacrilege in plundering his church of some t i the golden ornaments belonging to it. Hew= for ve.t4110:1• lag same Leg Up ?meat are evilest." ,~ P_'"3s9me ail thi is Itsi 10.1