The Express. — London, England, 1847-10-28 00:00:00

Our Paris despatches and journals have reached us. The charges made against the French govern ment by some of the Roman journals, of having treated the agent commissioned to procure arms for the national guard, with unfairness and inattention, having detained him unnecessarily at Paris, and ulti mately having sent kim to Toulon, where condemned or unserviceable arms only were sold to him, has been retracted in very ample terms by the journals in which they appeared. The muskets which are to be supplied are not, as wan affirmed, the obsolete flint locks, but the beet permissions, and are, in other respects, of the best quality. Every desirable facility has been afforded by the French government to the court of the Vatican for the payment for these arms, which are also given at a very moderate price. An agent of the Sonderbund, who has been for some days in Paris, where he has had frequent inter views with the highest diplomatic personages, left on Monday for Vienna. The following announcement is put forth in a curi ously pompous form in the official and semi-official journals of the government : As Marshal-General of France, Marshal Duke de Dalmatie will take precedence of all the marshals of France, and re ceive throughout the French territories the military honours flood by the marshals of France within the limits of their command by the decree of 21 Messidor, year XII. Even within the precincts of the royal residence he will have at his bowie two sentinels, chescn from the compagnies d'elite. _ ' It is reported that government will, during the next session, brinfein a bill to repeal the law which excludes the Bonaparte family from France. The Madrid mails of the 20th and 21st have ar rived. Their contents are quite characteristic of Spanish politics. The late Minister of Finance, Senor Salamanca, is charged with the illegal and surrepti tious issue of Three per Cent. Bonds to the amount of 160 millions of reels, about one-third of which, it is affirmed, were appropriated to pay the arrears due to the royal household, the stock being estimated at 33, when its price on the Bourse was only 26. As to the remaining hundred millions, it has been spirited away and passed into some unknown purse. Some insinuate that the late favourite attracted it. The explanation of Senor Salamanca on this subject will be seen in the letter of oar correspondent, given below. A ministerial crisis was spoken of on the 20th, and the probability of the Duke of Itianzares being ap pointed to the post of Minister of War; M. Mon, Finance; Fidel, Interior; Gonzales Bravo, Foreign Affairs ; with Narvaez still Premier. General Portillo, the suitor of the Infanta Joeefa, has been transported to the Balearic Isles. A singer who had the part of basso at the opera was suddenly arrested by the police and sent out of the country, without any reason assigned, on the morning of the 20th. Of course in the atmosphere of Madrid the philosophers of the salon were not long in getting up an hypothesis to explain this pheno menon. The fact assigned as the rera eauaa was that this artist was seen emerging from the palace at an unseasonably early hour in the morning, and the public are left to infer the rest. The Leo del Comereio says that a report prevails ' that the Duke of Montpensier was to come to Madrid at the end of the month, and the Clamor Public° says that the command of the army of Catalonia was to be intrusted to him. It was said that Narvaez had written a very friendly letter to Espartero, and that the embassy in London would not be disposed of until the answer of the latter should be received. Letters from Lucca of the 12th my, that the Tuscan troops which arrived there from Florence the preceding day were received with general acclama tions of joy, and conducted in triumph through the city. The Marquis Azeglio, who commanded, found it difficult to restrain the populace from manifesting its hostility to their late sovereign by acts which would have drawn on them the condemnation of all rightly thinking persons. It was with difficulty that he saved from destruction the beautiful statue of the Duchess Maria Louisa, the mother of the present duke, one of the finest productions of Bartolim. A deputation was sent to the government to ask permis sion to destroy the guillotine, capital punishment having been abolished by the grand duke. The ob noxious instrument was accordingly burned amidst the acclamations of the populace. In the evening there was great agitation in the city, but the national guard was organised and called out, and order was preserved. A letter from Rome, dated 18th, says : At the Argentine theatre " Ernani" has been performed for five SUCCOIIIiTO lights to extraordinarily numerous au diences. The public required that, instead of the words in the finale, when Charles V. pardons his subjects and imitates Charlemagne, other words relative to the affairs of Italy, and in honour of Pius IX. should be substituted. In com pliance with this desire the actor who represents Charles V., after having pronounced the words pardon to all, came for ward to the hunt of the stage and said: "Let liberty be ever cherished ; to Pins IX. be eternal glory ;" the chorus repeating , " Glory and honour be eternally to Pius 1X.," while a large flag was displayed, on which were inscribed these words "We are all soldiers of Pius IX.; long live Pius IX. ; &lengthened existence with honour to Phis IX." All this was accompanied with applause from the audience, and loud acclamations of patriotism and enthusiastic love for the sovereign. A letter from Florence, dated the 15th, says that on that day the Grand Duke and his consort went to Lucca to receive the homage of their new subjects. On the preceding evening Count Brawn, ambassador from France to the court of Naples, was received in private audience by the duke. A letter from Genoa of the 18th, &nominees the arrival in that port of the French man-of-war, the Jena. Reports of military preparations of every kind— marches and oonnter-marohes, the throwing up of re doubts, the calling out of landwehre, the inspection of the troops d'aite and militia, arrive by every mail from Switzerland. Oar present advices come down to the 23rd, when no ground remained on which • hope of peace could ran. A report prevailed, that, to prevent the effusion of blood, the Pope had desided to recall the Jesuits, but this was sot etsemod, and probably had no other foundation thaw the conviction that such a measure alone could save the country from the horrors of civil war. Lucerne is the theatre of the most important military opera dons. The laadwehr was summoned for the 20th. On the 19th, a battalion of troops di' Fate was advanced to °Milken. The bridge was oes o = detach ment of the corps des M. Amman.. Besides the = misled at the by iffidee of °Milken, three others were threw* op Abwyl, and upon the thdeharg. ,The genaramatt of Lucerne published, on the 19th, the !cawing regu lations of police : 1. Every ate not a citimn et the canton, and who say visit the tows of Lucerne in the quality of a traveller, is to declare at the bureau of tie esieMnal police the motive of his arrival at Lucerne, the OM he intends remaininq u. ere, and the person he iamb to virit ; a ft er which pre ries le is is =sive bib orb de ~WI. 2. If, daring hie stay. be den am est lasselhemity with the dabble gave is, or lt heninhe any saw geistesisses, and, ia 'moral, if he believe is sash a smug es to mute samisisa, he is to be deprived OM eerie do astral, soil treated se a bio % ere swillitely •11 el the alba S. Oa Ns out of the tows she the agleam et Ms tine of stay, each traveller is to dillies up hie est* eh issereM to the entry on duty at the gate of the lowa. 4. The dbestien ef *splice is entrusted with the sussatioa and patillostion at the pre med order. This ordonnanos le espied word for word from the police regulations ei Vienna. Reports of military preparations in the cantons of St. Gall, Argau, U. terwald, Tessin, and Vaud, are given in d 4 I,R the journal'. Accounts have been reoeived del Berne to the 23rd. In consequence of reports bus Lucerne, additional neaps have been ciUsd Mk erd one party of them has marched in the direction 'el Lucerne, and the other in that of Fribarg. A letter from Lucerne, dated the 23rd, says that ea that morning the federal commissioners, depute/ te Lucerne and Uri, returned to Berne. Advices from the Levant by the steamer Helles pont were received at Marseilles on the 23rd. Tr. news from Constantinople hi to the 12th. No ma tion is made of the asged &snoring= glen to Greek vessels to carry one anstiag Wage =ler the French flag. Th e of the pas= Orsek cabinet was expeoted, and it was seemed that M. Menne would be authcaind to form a sea ministry. The Austrian steamer Prince Metternich had arrived at Constantinople, from Trebisonde, on the Bth, and had brought the intelligence that the cholera had nearly ceased in that city. The official reports of the board of health announced that, from the 27th of September, the epidemic began to abate. Not more than from live to seven cases were then reported per day. The mortality continued unabated among the sufferers, but new cases were rare ; and the mortality itself was, in a great degree, produced by culpable neglect of regimen. The same abatement of the in tensity of the malady was reported at Samsoun and its environs. MADRID, Ocr. 20. The grand topic of talk at this moment in what the papers call political circles (which I presume embrace the whole population of Madrid, from ministers down to match-sellers), is the startling discovery of a secret issue of three per cent. bonds to the amount of 160 millions of reale a few days before the expiration of the month's existence of the Goyena-Salamanca ministry. The pretext for this un scrupulous proceeding was to cover the arrears of pay which were owing to officers in the royal household. But it seems that of the 50 millions of reds owing to these func tionaries, not more than two-thirds were discharged, while the remaining paper disappeared in a mysterious manner. The type fixed for the conversion of the royal household debt was 33 ; that is to say, that tot every 33 reale owing to him, the creditor received 100 in the three per cents., equi valent then and now to about 28 reals. The bonds walked off with are suspected to have gone into the pocket of the then influence ; and to have been applied to the purchase of the famous encomienda, or estate, of the order of Calatrava, in Estremadurs, known by the name of Piedra-buens which was lately sold for about a quarter of its value; bidders being scared by the known intention of the Names ministry to repeal the decrees of Salamanca, and among them probably the one relating to the sale of the estates of the four military orders, issued during the Pacheco ministry. A letter addressed by Juan Perez Calve to the I Clamor, of the 20th, confirms, beyond a doubt, the fact of the issue of state paper to that amount. At the risk of re petition, I borrow the following pauses from Calvo's orim munication I can affirm to you upon my personal re sponsibility, that the report which you published yesterday concerning the capitalisation of the arrears of the royal household in three per cent. stock, to the amount of 160 millions, is unfortunately perfectly true. The conversion took place under the Salamanca ministry, at the type of 33. The points to be determined, upon which perhaathe Faro and other paper' will be able to throw some light, are : Whether the 160 millions which unquestionably issued from the public treasury, have entered into the treasury of the royal house hold ) Whether. having entered, the transaction appears justifiable? If, instead of the 160 millions, only two-thirds of that amount have entered? What person or per sons have been the pipers and dancers who walked off with the little trifle of fifty and odd millions, apropos of which the purchase of the famous property in Egtremodura may be taken into account ? And finally whether, this act being more scandalous and illegal than all the decrees of Senor Salamanca put together, the ministerial papers are disposed to demand its immediate revocation, and that the person who has taken such a leading part in the transaction should answer with the proper securities fur his conduct. —JUAN PERU CALVO." The very possibility of clandestine proceedings of this kind is quite sufficient to account for the miserable state of dejec tion in which the Spanish funds stick. As long as the public have no guarantee against such fraudulent issues of state paper, how is it possible that any one should have the least confidence in the continuance of the:payment of dividends ? What increases the farce of this business is that Salamanca, while he was ostentatiously straining every to raise the Three per Cents. from their depression, was doing his best underhand to ruin the public credit. However, it is safer for the present to suspend one's judgment concerning the guilt of the fallen minister, whose character has not hitherto been blurred by any charge of =detention or fraud. At the tame time that Salamanca has been dragged before the public in such a questionable shape, the inexorable Gazette has just published the repeal of his most popular measure—the abolition of the gate duties. The preamble of the decree, which restores this vexatious impost in its full extent, declines entering into any discussion as to the merits of its abolition, It is enough, says Senor Orlando, that when this measure was proposed to the Cortes in 1845, they re jected it; and until the public expenses are reduced suffi ciently for the country to dispense with these contributions, or until they are replaced by some mere convenient form of taxation, the government are of opinion that this source of revenue ought not to be abandoned. The date proposed for renewing the duties is the let of November; the public, therefore, will have enjoyed their - emancipation from this most galling of all tributes not quit; a moath. This ostentatious regard for the Cortes comes with pecu liar consistency from a ministry presided by the man, who Ia the middle of March, 1846, la company with the Arran egad° Burgos, issued a manifesto abolishing the whole re peeenntative system. If the principle is to be acted on of all decrees anterior to the present ministry, upon repealingthe Cortes has not been consulted, the last four years will offer an admirable field for the disorganising activity to which the government has been prompted by its zeal for legality. How far back does it intend to stretch its ripping task? Its principle at present is quite undefined, and, car. ried out, would lead to chaos. The Hera/do borrows from the evening moderado journal the following remarks with regard to the arrest of General Portillo As the proyesista press are likely not to miss this occasion for complaining in their usual style of the acts of the government, it will be well to notice-1. That the lifitimer of War may command General Fortino to quit the and designate what quarters he pleases for that retwithout the least shadow of arbitrariness. 2. That the present step has nothing whatever to do with politics. 3. That the government has done its strict duty in opposing , the pretension which General Portal() designed to prefer at the feet of her Majesty." This pretension is, as you are aware, the general's claim to the hand of the Infanta Jossfa, whom he has been for Nome time besieging with his ad dresses. There are some important nominations in the Gazelle. General Dominguez, having resigned his post of second commander of the Halberdiers, has bees replaced by D. Juan Bautista Mather', Conde de Panonrcetro. D. Javier Rope lets is appointed captain-geaeral of the Canaries, in place of D. Segundo Clibarri ; D. Juan Prim is appointed captain general of Puerto Rico, is place of D. Rebel de Aristegui, Count of Miresol, who has repeatedly *elicited his dismissal. I think I gave you very early intelligence of Prim's appoint. went. The following political chiefs are said to have been named For Barcelona, Gainza ; Malaga, Diu ; Seville, Cabestany ; Granada, Campos; Toledo, Tenorio ; Lugo, Rodrigues Guerra; Almeria, Ennis; Iluelva, Bremen; Castellon de la Plana, Campoamor. Oa the 19th there was talk of the place of Secretary of the Clenmell of Ministers being restored, which existed during the 01Metry of Gonzales Bravo. Zaragoza is the person fixed on be MI this lo*. The 1140 talks of a ministerial crisis. The Duke of Riem an' is to be, *wording to its report, Minist er of War, and Ilea and Pidal are to come in. Oat. 21.—Serrano is expected here to-morrow. The wesasoirof We return is derived front a letter received by his ablielonssap, the content* of which were pretty generally eammlninsWed to the &events/. of the Progransta Club ha This letter, written by &Immo himself, enjoined Ws sot to set out for Granada, as .W intended ta il = •C i ncy ps =al, and to return to Madrid the Isis farourito is coming to awn Oaf ;min the repeal of ids mars to town to turn eat Wee) sem m pot be say gemod. It I. highly nape*. bible that Somme would Moose Madrid for a reeldenoe, at a stosnent whoa the litemils are so justly exasperated against =Mid when &I party who have profited by hie apoetacy ilitenglo to gemisa him dekncelees to MS they of fait alotis t nes won to he reduced to the MOM The nalasa ihreeso h that he cense upon roesseing the Milmirserat lea ions al de pm " wall lately exP. llt i niendastias bens et tbs Throe pr Cast steak sod in this seigioyeastof thee hods, hew dram ham has Sale mar to the Claswr, asd Peas Aga" bamisets side ▪ lompobahl, to the whisk :Zia away mere pate of the temeadion wi sham pate The he is this: the ialawaingo at bee r▪ ooressasd the aseshierablet amewat alt mama dace= tispartaad whin. NUMWDIMI amnia, the webs Was whit ral a il 1 4 8 a i ;end gadmany, sl a t wp w egge r a . ark the admen' (= warrants, et nee de Emma or fends) which le. hold to her Majesty." He threw* dohs& that tags amid be declared mu tralisable, osaartibis fres Throe nor Clem Hoods, as bad boa demoO `eta dada, ages. This animalism passed the dat jihad," nonorel e asements and alas which lisadial dds, awl then to the Jests of of moans W ed as toessary, with whale I, as vaisdam sonihnesd, dedezing troliabl• the weal &Med i whichle net meat to the third part d the man dos, semi width ad net dime as sash, bat as ananteenta of as, nation sat satisfied. Whoa her Illagentialgood laq iptation as di sbar at P. as retard el Meemation wen follow ing its esnaeo ; mod at hat tide of liquidation bad net hosed lie seers he ties dslimay etas bonds to the Intendests el r royal besnelaid. What has canned sines I have no herded. ad" Panay Arsawe's animation is as follows " Fortunately there is no frith la eider of the two fiefs, as Mated by the Clamor (namely, the ism of the bads and themamas tion) ; since all the armee of as royal leusdheld bays not been pail with Them gar neat Sects, ha sly Set portion whisk assists al greased iliversi liaise converted in ersionsinsill tie law el VW 14, ill. The record (expedients) width las been dewed el this tremor non in Pinanmodise sa g deputy, to the Cartes ripe patios el any masks esand the legality of the poeseedin added his as ha Is ibe malvematisa of the ma lads, it is enough to IV AIM Mao which the gemmed has hitherto given biro • ad s into the treenuy silks meal household, lung, ay adminandsa sat a into maravedi has 1 . 2 am, without the doe intonation a the alga et assants, and whheat the Begat el all va. addle demo." The delmseirmarin: "Toast he Waded ef the and handrehl Wane that the islermar whit wars is amnia .1 as royal Wm sonvertal lace Time yet Oat. Dade ; lbe ef Plasm he edam* eroded a eassepardiag salsa et' sce•eagodeis. Hew itis well lama emsforea faker °Me pastamparandritooseary beaselidweeess &saw platten of tho opealademes el the band, re; what dine of thel e =tlil have always he - id wo mats . that Qui pstrhasay yeti vita iiiimmer, best g l ees de sessamosemsat of the essidestiewal speck, and ghat Ms he N komo', wW s earoad to buss atai faYynL Bea dash fora' sow la the mast leash et de patine debt ibr the animist, as is Denorel; OHO millions of reels." I - diskr till to morrow d surialining observations of the Beraisel, which seem to UMW= mad Impartial upon Ws madiskedy intricate boiasea The _meal belief is, that bads to the amount of awe flaajireas of reale have head their way into the al 'NMI Peas y Agnayo, auolaft tit the Plus, has boon dismissed has his place. Gemara Pandio ►as been deported to the Balearic Idea. The Gamete contains sow la:Tondo:a domes promulgated by the otlaider of the Interior, re-orgadairte the iv:halide- . nation of his department, lead the aondeatita of the near politlehl adobe. FRANCE.—PARIS, Ocr. 26.—SAVINOS BANKS. — The following is the result of the operations of the Perin Sayingabank for the week ending Oct. 23 :—Money received by the Paris Savings-bank on Sunday, 24th, and Monday, 25th inst., from 4,261 depositors, 620 of whom are new ones, 679,370 f. Reimbursementa during the same week to 1,980 depositors, 547 paid out, 608,964 f. 26c. Stock bought in at the request of depositors, for an amount of 87,382 f. 43c Damao. HOLLAND.—THE HAGUE, OCT. 24. In the sitting of the Second Chamber of the States General, this day, a royal message was communicated, accompanying a project of law, and an explanation of the motive respecting the prolongation of the terms for the withdrawal of a portion of the paper money. 'The project of law is as follows On the 31st Dec., 1847, there may be left in circulation a quantity of hills in paper money, emitted by virtue of the law of the 18th Dee., 1845, the value of which shall not ex ceed the sum of twenty-one millions of florins; but which must be changed before the 31st Dec., 1848, for gold or silver specie"—The reply to the speech from the throne has been completed by the committee, and will be presented to the consideration of the sections this evening. A public session was to be held on the 26th, to discuss the address in reply to the speech from the throne. HANOVER, OCT. 19.—The ratifications of the treaty between this kingdom and England, which was signed in London on the 24th August last, for the reciprocal protection of literary and artistic property, and the reduction of duties en the import of books and productions of the fine arts, has just been exchanged. Similar treaties exist between England and Prussia, Saxony, and Bavaria. AUSTRIA TRIESTE, Orr. 17. —The cholera morbus has broken out at Perecop, which is 50 German miles distant from Odessa, but it has not appeared at Odessa itself. It has entirely ceased at Taganrog and at Marcanopcl, ports in the sea of Azoph. The Lloyd has just launched a new steamer, which has received the name of Venezia. It will ply front Trieste to Venice. PRUSSIA.—LEIPzIC, OCT. 20.—The members of the congress appointed to be held in this city, for the pun. pose of devising a uniform system or law relating to bills of exchange, assembled this day at the Erainerhaus. Deputies Iron the fallowing countries were in attendance—Austria (and Leichtonstein), Prussia, Luxemburg, Ankalt.KOthen, Anhalt-Dessau, Anhalt-Bernburg, Waldeck, Lippe , hechingen, Saxony, Hanover, Wurtemberg, Baden, Hesse, Denmark (on account of Holstein•Lauenburg), Saxe-Wei ' mar, Sue-Meiningen, Saxe-Altenburg, Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Sehwarsburg.Rndolstadt Reuu, Nassau, Brunswick, Mecklenburg, Lubeck, Frankfort, Bremen, Hamburg. Up to the present time the electorate of Hesse, Oldenburg, and Schaumburg-Lippe are still unrepresented. The Saxon minister of state, Von Konnerits, was elected president of the congress ; the Prussian plenipotentiary, Von Patow, vice. president; and Dr. Rinsed, secretary. RUSSIA. SPREAD OF THE CHOLERA.— ST. Prrsassuao, Ocr. 14.—Letters of the above date in the Frankfurter Journal of the 25th, announce the appearance of the cholera in the governments of Tschentigow, Riasan, and Tula, and in the cities or towns of Kazan, Ssamara, Niasehk, and Jefremow. The marshal of the nobility, Von Witebsk von Cechanowiek, a nobleman well known by his extensive travels in Europe and the East, was lately shot by • gamekeeper, who mistook him for a wild beast, on account of his head covering. The dying man fully exculpated the innocent author of his death. POLAND.-IVeassw, Ocr. I7.—The greatest apprehension is felt here at the approach of the cholera. It has carried off three-fourths of the population of Karkow, whence it came to Warsaw. Although it was the time of ju bilee, the churches were filled at all hours. The wetness of the weather has destroyed the potatoes and wheat, both of which are rotting in the ground, and everything announces a cruel famine. Crowds of poor persons, scarcely clad in rags, throng the streets. The charity of private persons and of benevolent societies is quite insufficient. GERMAN4.—THE OVERLAND MAIL—The Silesian Gazette states, "on the best authority," that from the let of Jan., 1848, the East India overland mail will pass by Brea law and Berlin en route for London. It is added that Herr Schwarzer, the editor of the Austri in Lloyd's Journal, has made an arrangement to that effect with the Prussian go- vernment. THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 28, 1847. lrbt Court. WINDSOR, WEDNESDAY.—The royal dinner party at the Cultic this evening is expected to include Mons. Van de Weyer, the Marquis and Marehioneee of Lansdowne, and the Rev. James Prince Lee. A cabinet council was held at half-put two o'clock yesterday afternoon at the Foreign-office; the ministers pre sent were, Lord John Russell, the Lord Chancellor, Viscount Palmerston, Earl Grey, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Earl of Auckland, Sir John Hobhouse, Lord Campbell, the Right Hon. H. Labouchere, the Marquis of Clanricarde, Viscount Merpeth, and the Right Hon. T. B. Macaulay.— The council sat two hours. . _ The deputation from Glasgow, which had an inter view with Lord John Russell on Tuesday, presented a peti tion praying for the discontinuance of the Bank Bill of 1844.5. The deputation consisted of the Lord Prevost of Glasgow, Mr. Buds, M.P., Mr. Lumsden, en-Lord Provost, Mr. Henry Dunlop, and Mr. Kinnear, and were introduced by Mr. M'Ciregor, M.P. for Glasgow. Mr. G. B. Mathew had an interview with Earl Grey yesterday, at the Colonial-office. The Marquis of An glesey had an interview with Lord John Russell yesterday, at his official residence in Downing -street. The Right Hon. Thomas M. Gibson has arrived in town. Despatches were received yesterday, at the Colonial office, from the Governors of New South Wales, South Aus tralia, Hong-Kong, Ceylon, the Mauritius, Malta, and Gib raltar, and also from the Lord High Commissioner of the lonian Islands. CONVENTION OF POOR-LAW MEDICAL OFFICERS. A general meeting of surgeons to poor-law unions, and others of the medical profession, interested in the ame lioration of the present system of poor-law medical relief, was held yesterday at the Hanover-square Rooms. The meeting was convened by circular, in pursuance of a resolu tion pared at a meeting of poor-law surgeons at Derby, and was attended by a large number of medical gentlemen, in cluding not only those resident in London, but several from the towns in the kingdom. The chair seer occupied by . Benton, of Waball. -- - The Csalliatair, in introducing the business, said the sub jest wee wee et public interest, from its bearing on the poor. • medioal MOM under the aew poor-law had had to coin: phis otholosplassel in a situation, either to neglect their ditty, or he hal it at a great sacrifice to themselves. He trusted *sir ease would be shown to be so strong, that the rate of the kingdom should not be able to resist it. (Hear. ' Mr. .P. Ham." the honorary secretary, stated that various prelbahmey meeliege bad been held at Halifac, Cambridge, Wells, Alison, Nottingham, Walsall, Preset, mil taut paean at which resolutions hod Wen peril, end aosmanth dotted to the right hem the hems s= r po=or i a si m:r e e . libl t ral the et; i le at remmeration , • table bad bees illigra up. ehowtng that, on the average, the remaamation peer-law medical cameo did not more than cover the eon et Snips cud heeseirke. Is all, upwards of 100 commairtioes ha lea menved ten the surgeons of the veriest eases is the id The Clik11111•1 read a isttrw . ebr. Heypts, president of the Provinsiel MAW mad Surgical on ap proving the 'MOM M the mune& an regretting his in ability to anbuml. Inns, lodes ftm other emiaent men in the Emission wore reed. Mr. EDWALID DANIILL, of Newport ne/1 feed the first resolution , which, at groat nes ted ' the onerous anus al the and amponlithnse lain narrow awl Sid thnee erni that noir aeon et emenrslisa w meet fib: proportionately mail, tine rats sing the wild et the sick woe a positive hot on the mean* He did not believe that say legigenno would lowning, though great individasSlajary might seamodme be Wasted for the general benefit, as in the mem el the Immunes. (Hear. B e t now th e i r o bj ec t was to buena the loshlanme to step In between medical officers sad • whom ceder which both the poor Ltd themselves (Applanse.) He was no enemy to economy ; ten a was a very different thing. Hew& were composed of mem of yemathe eeleisea, m o d th e majority of votes, not the weight al w e d the day. Intellect was net so rife them as to shi n e with peculiar brilliancy. (Hear, hear.) wyheto des re gard to the quality of the metrial, deride they Snow no thing, they sought to get what they waned at the cheapest rate. To the bosom of the menden gewerally, their re gard kw the poor bad What* anted them eo the discharge Gitlin duties. Bono marl mew enameled hr the charge et the poor, with the reservation unit ernwitag mere than they revived; bat in the sajoifiy Ohm walla the salaries Olio SENN would not pay the met nth, modionse sa air peen by • druggist. la the Nrt Pegedl Union, the poma as des dew m : perishes, and oale -. oaths medial officers, were ha --- —_. Population. Wary. AMIN Hi S2 0 11 1 = IN al 0 2 10 Brayed& lll Browbrisk-hill The reeraiailw wars an a inallar olll seals ; the alarm it s to being IL M. he ma shah jpi, mod dd. he arah alei—the reeedhas twin tM et lathe a baster amber del aded miihratt say additional . M isr u sT.) The awned Awe in Wm Wee had eppyi e h te d ; they had memeieliaed the gllNdille, and t h e p eer . law Oweednierear ; the earn? ot the Wear body was coartesue awl most lasswie —that they had sent the emmeadal to the board of ter.) Of Now I'm hoard no Math it the th e arailud Akers in a body walled ea the gwardlans ; and ha awed them that be had mete* dipole& medicines to the mina si 241. more than the smithwi of bh 'Wary. The ocaaminioaer present comylintealad the mensal slaters, and that was all they had got. Their tamady ruled with them selves: let them carry their grungurus to the haantain or law itself. (Hear.) They asked NMI. awe Matte have it allowed that the labourer was wear et ids biro. The go- I moment ought to take the use lithe id* peer tbmieelves ; already they defrayed half the septum; and they ought to esta blish a regular scale of allowance to the medical men, includ ing smiles's; fur the &steams which some poor law surgeons had to travel were very great. The clergy, as a body, ware much better paid ; in a prison neer Newport the surgeon had 801. a year, and the chaplain 2001. Surely their duties were et equal, if not of greater importance. Their education was as °early, and their remuneration ought to be at least as high. (Hear.) In one union a clergyman had refused to visit a poor woman in the fever had a surgeon done this, hie salary would have been stopped immediately. (Hear.) Mr. PEARSON, of Prescott, seconded the resolution. la his union, for the town of Prescott, with a population of 14,700, the medical officer received 801 ; for St. Helen's, population 25,000, 501.; for Rainforth, 2,000, 101. ; for Raeford, 4,000, 201. ; and fur Much Woolton, Little Wool ton, Hale Wood, Hale, and Speske, with a population of 7,000, he (Mr. Pearson), received 101. Last spring he took the fever, and was obliged to engage an assistant at 501., himself receiving 101., and not then being allowed to throw up his office. (Hear, hear.) Mr. R. T. Tauten, of Melbourne, moved a resolution declaring that the medical relief was necessarily faulty and inadequate, owing to the system itself, which precluded medical officers from giving prompt professional relief la many cases, and that thus the aggregate expenditure was increased. As long as the medical officer was underpaid, however willing he might be to do all he could for the poor, the poor must suffer. This was the expressed opinion of the commissioners, who had distinctly stated that if pro per salaries were not paid the duties would not be efficiently discharged ; but unfortunately they did not see their own reememenciations carried out. (Hear.) They had recom mended that the practitioner should be paid on a scale equi valent to 65., or 6s. 6d. for each pauper, with additions is some cues. In his own union he had attended eases at the rate of ls. 31d. each ; his salary had since been raised from 30!. to 401 Afterwards he applied to the commis sioners, who gave the usual promise of considera tion; and for three months he had heard nothing MOM from them. Under the present system, medic al Ma being found who would accept these low salaries, it was earprisieg that the cases of neglect were not more numerous. Amy system which depended on the benevolent feelings of the medical men was sure to be a failure; nothing but a pro per remuneration could secure the efficient discharge of a duty. He had known many cases where the poor had been seriously injured foe want of proper attendance and support; and it was always in the power of a medical man to delay the recovery of fever patients by withholding the proper medicines. They aught not to fear boards of guardian., but rigidly discharge their duties, not doubting that they should ultimately obtain redress. Mr. W. CANTRELL, of WiALIINFOTth, seconded the resolu tion. He knew a district, 21 miles by 10, which was taken by one surgeon at a low remuneration ; and he believed he had made it answer, for his residence was at such a distance from great part of the district, that he could only be sent for at great expense. (Hear.) In one union the payment, per ease, varied from Is. to Gs., and on the population front 4s. to 225. per thousand. This could not be called a system at all. He trusted much good would result from this meeting, both to themselves, the poor,'and the ratepayers. Mr. Wit ITE, senior medical officer of the Holborn union, said that in 1810 his case. amounted to 738, the population of the union being 44,300. There were three medical officers to attend the whole of this union. Last year he had 1,364 cases ; but the remuneration, though a little higher in amount, was lower upon the average. Nothing was allowed in this union for midwifery cases. (Hear, hear.) The com missioners having recommended that this should be done, the guardians proposed to reduce the eatery of the medical officers by about the same amount—'2ol. (Hear.) The sur geons had requested the appointment of two midwives ; bat this had been refused, and, they had gone on as before. He was clearly of opinion that no relief would be obtained from the guardians, and the commissioners were afraid to inter fere. Owing to the great distress in the preterit year, be had had already 2,027 cases-845 in the last quarter, f rom Midsummer to islichrelaras; this reduced his remuneration to Bid. per case. Last week he had about 80 out-door cases, and 97 in-door—being at the rate of about a halfpenny per case per day. (Hear, hear.) If the guardians were ap pealed to, they spoke of the hard times and high rates, and said the surgeons must suffer as well as others. The clerk of their union had a salary of 2501.; he did not say he was overpaid, though he had more than double the pay of the surgeon. for about one-third the work. Should a surgeon unfortunately overlook a case he was grosaly abused and treated as though he had been guilty of intentional neglect. (Hear.) They were told that by accepting these situations they obtained practice amongst the rich. No such thing ;he declared that his income had been reduced 3001. since he ob tained his appointment. One gentleman appointed along with him, Dr. Sims, had caught the fever and died, and his wife and family had been reduced to great distress. Another of his colleagues had been for a long time unable to discharge his duties ; he (Mr. White) had supplied his place, for which he received from the board of guardians—a very handsome vote of thanks. (Hear, hear.) He trusted that this meet ing, with the aid of the press, would succeed in obtaining Justice from the commissioners. A GENTLEMAN observed that the commissioners had ne power, independently of the boards of guardians, to increase the salaries. The board of guardians ought to be compelled to do justice. Mr. Tautest said this war a mistake ; the commissioners had the power. Mr. EBSWORTR, of Bulwell, said the medical men in the Buford union were paid at a lower rate than veterinary sur geons; the amount, per case, was about le. 31d. The ad ministration of extras was interfered with by the assistant overseer, whose officiousness was the bugbear of the system. One gentleman, with a large district, had a salary of 301., and actually expended 451. ; another had so small a salary that he could not afford a horse. The allowances for recd. nation had been fixed so low that it was impossible for this advantageous operation to b e properly performed. There being nothing extra allowed fur amputations, a surgeon was often unwilling to risk his reputation by performing snob operations. Dr. WEBSTER said the profession was greatly indebted to Mr. Wakley, M.P., for the returns which he obtained in 1830, and which might form an appropriate basis for the operations of the committee now to be appointed. A pay ment of 6e. Gd. per case, or a salary proportioned to the population, ought to be given. He was opposed to the em ployment of midwives, even in ordinary cases. The thing to be done was to get rid of the control of boards of guar dians. Now that the government was proposing to pay half the expense, they might very properly step in to regulate the medical remuneration generally. A medical inspector or superintendent ought also to be appointed in each district, whose duty should be to attend consultations, and make a quarterly report. This was most important in a sanitary point of view. But the point of remuneration was the most important. They ought to have 6s. Gd. for each case, or an equivalent salary. Ile condoled with his brethren through out the country, on the way in which they were treated by these gusrdians—(hear , hear)—and he trusted they were in a fair ;ray to obtain redress. Mr. LITTLR complained of the medical officers haying to be sleeted annually., and mentioned the case of a surgeon who had been displaced because he did not take of his list to the Board of Guardians. Under the present system the books required to be kept by the medical officers were most troublesome aad absurd, and answered no practical purpose. Mr. LORD, of Hampstead, moved a resolution pledging the convention to seek redress of their grievances; for which purpose a subscription should be raised, and a committee ap pointed to communicate with the government and the can miasioners, the Colleges of Phyncims and Surgeons, and take other necessary steps; and afterwards to reassemble tha convention. He declared that he had always striven to do his duty to the poor, fearing to fail, on account of the cha racter of the men with whom he had to do. He doubted the advisability of a payment by case: had an order to be given by the board for each case, at a mat of 6a. 6d., these ordain would be largely withheld. One gentleman who was paid by case, instead of receiving 301. received but 61. or 71. (Hear, hear.) It was only by the intertwines of govern ment that the evil could be remedied. A berry lee* lay at the door of the rate-payers. Why did Meg sleet mum as guardians who either did not attend, or wen kneempedeM to their duties ? (Hear, hear.) If gommanmed Wm fend, it must be by the introduction of a complete systems ; then they might hope to see an sad to the prated system of oppression—for such Of iitimmgyppl=l.4 Mr. BOTLGRR, the resolution. In 1841 he bad etluided as selehive di leiet in Berkshire, upweede diss• mum he 701. Jper easupe i • but in his am snentions dieseipi of Ws duly, he eapeadie 1301. He gave up the appelseammt, asd *ea tamdred the thanks of the guardians hr Me enip k wild& be bed discharged his dudes. By the oriels Mese hie year, fees for mid wont emu wire directed to be • but the guardians had made • peeled ',this to redeem holarirs. (Hear.) Thep had also introdmed the system et requiring the medi officer of the workhouse also to attend an out-door district for the same salary. In his own mom, he received 101. extra for attending an establishment with upwards of 100 mem bers. No extra fees were allowed. A ORNTLIMAN said that the West Ham guardians did allow extra hee to the workhouse surgeon, though they amounted to a considerable Num. A GINTLEmAN from Leeds said that their guardians had behaved very liberally; they had increased the salaries from 401. to 801., but the commiariorlera would only sanction this for one year. During the prevalence of the typhus fever the board had allowed the surgeons each 4 guineas a week extra. A ChIrrrLRMAN wished to propose additional names on the committee; but the Chairm an seWod that this had nem be done by the committee theMaalral. Mr. FIRLD, Of Birmingham, spoke to the lalseral goaded of the board of guardians at that plea. Mr. H. W. Lrverr, of Wells, said that in Mem =keen his immediate neighbourhood, the remuneration avenged from Is. per case to 6d. and a fraction. (Hier.) Hemmed a vote of thanks to the chairman, and to the eattseP of the National Institute of Medicine, for the use of the roam sad to throe portions of the public press which had taken up this question. Mr. P. MARTIN, of Reigate, seconded the resolution. Mr. Jorrox mid, though he had not moved any amend ment, he had approved of none of the resolutions. He did not think the way in which this movement was carried hr• ward would be successful. Their memorial would be thrown aside, or plead in the bureau of a cabinet minister. More good wouldbe done by addressing themselves to the poor-law commissioners, assistant commissioners, and the boards o guardians. Several gentlemen rose re order ; and, after a slight inter ruption, the vote of thanks was put and curled anent moody. The CHAIRMAN briefly acknowledged the kindness of the meeting; and the proceedings then terminated, having occupied about three hours and a hale—Several subscriptions were announced as the company were leaving the room. Mr. WY. JACKSON, M.P., has contradicted the re port of his having been appointed chairman of new Birken head Dock Treot. PROPOSED ASYLUM FOR IDIOTS. A public meeting in favour of this object was held yesterday, at the London Tavern, Bishopegate-street. Shortly I after two o'clock the chair was taken by the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor. The CHAIIIKAN, in opening the proceedings, said he was very happy W see so many friends before him on that occa sion, as it proved that they took an interest in an object whick had the closest possible connexion with the cause of I humanity. In that great city there were charities of almost every kind to relieve the miseries of their fellow-creatures; but there was one still wanted, which he tru s ted that meet ing would supply, by the formation of an institution on behalf of the unfortunate elms of persons whose cause he had undertaken to advocate. (Cheers.) He could have wished, indeed, that some one better acquainted with the , subject had occupied the chair ; but, having been invited by some philanthropists around him to do so himself, as chief magistrate of the City, he had most cheerfully complied with the request. (Cheers.) Other occupations had, he regretted to say, prevented him (rem preparing to enter fully into this sub ject, but the little attention which he had been able to give to it had led to the conviction that a great blessing would be se. cured by carrying out the object of the meeting. (Hear, bear.) There were lunatic asylums which took in both the totally insane, and those who were only partially afflicted with that malady, but none were provided for poor idiots. All who had been accustomed to travel into the various towns and cities of this kingdom must have observed, about the market places, and other places of public resort, sonic poor man or boy, woman or girl, who was the laughing-stock of those who were unthinking as to the unfortunate condition of that class of persons ; and if by the establishment of the proposed institution such parties could be relieved, and made, par tially at least, thinking and useful being*, a very great benefit would be conferred both upon them and upon society. Mr. C. GILPIN then read an address on behalf or the pro visioual committee, setting forth the necessity for an institu tion for the benefit of idiots, and appealing to the public for support. Mr. 1). W. Winn said that before he proceeded to read the first resolution, he had to make one or two announce- menu. A letter had been received from that friend of hu manity, Sir Charles Forbes, with • donation of 1001., &own• panied with his " best wishes for the success of so laudable an institution." Lori Dudley Stuart had sent a letter, in which he regretted his absence, and sent a donation of five guineas, together with &promise of future aid ; and another gentle. man, Sir Peter Laurie, who, as president of Bethlehem Hos pital, had daily opportunities of ascertaining the necessity for such an institution as they were about to found, said he would not only support the institution by his purse, but would be most happy to serve on the committee. (Cheers.) Sir Peter stated, that in his capacity of president of Bethlehem, frequent applications were made to him fur the aduti-sion of idiots, but that he was compelled to reply, reluctantly, thst according to the rules of the hospital they were quite Mad rnisaible. He might further observe that the Lord Mayor, not contented with giving his presence in the midst of other numerous and pressing avocations, had put down his name for twenty guineas. (Cheers.) One of the sheriffs of Lon don was present, and the other would have been so had he not been detained by his official duties at the Old Bailey. Now, for his own part, he (Mr. Wire) must say that he felt both gratified and honoured in being permitted to take part in the proceedings of that meeting. The resolution which. he had to propose would, he felt sure, be unanimously affirmed. It was as follows That in the judgment of this meeting it is limner desirable that an asylum be provided fur the care and education of the idiot, and that it he forthwith berm. For a long series of years, while Christian benevolence had been so comprehensive as to embrace almost every species of ill to which human nature was subject, the care and train ing of the idiot had been altogether forgotten, or at least neg lected. This was attributable partly to the tact of its having been considered almot impossible to recover such persons. They lived, however, in an advancing age, when every science, and none more than medical science, was making rapid progress ; and it had at length been discovered, though before doubted by all, that it was quite possible to traiu up the idiot, to relight, aa it were, the dark intellect, and to give to those who had been so long condemned to fatuity and neglect, a new being, marked by rnoralhabita and mental cultivation. This had, in fact, been done, not only by pri vate individuals in this country, but on a much larger scale on the Continent—in France, in Germany, and in other European states. The medical men of continental countries 11 were so convinced of the possibility of restoring the idiot to • state of moral consciousness and responsibility, that upon their recommendation, the respective governments had taken uo the matter, and asylums had been formed where rape riMenta had ended in complete success. (Hear, hear.) He hoped that this country would now begin to feel the neces sity for an institution of that description. An asylum for the insane was found in every county, and almost in every town; in the kingdom ; the country was, in fact, studded with institutions, both private and public, where insanity was and by whose means the patient was often restored to his home, to his family, to his friends, and to usefulness. But all these institutions had hitherto rejected every ease of idiocy; and the consequence was, that a great number of poor helpless beings had become, what the Lord Mayor had described them to be, the laughing clock of the towns and villages of the kingdom, and had been exhibited in the last stage of I degradation into which poor humanity could fall. But if there wore a possibility—and there was, in fact, something more, there was even a certainty—that these poor en atures could, under physical and moral training, have their intel lect awakened, and their moral capacities developed, he felt convinced that it would be the universal feeling of the country that such an institution as that now proposed ought to be established, and its universal determination that it should be prooperous (Cheers.) If they argued from analogy they must at once arrive at the conclusion that the condition of the idiot might be improved. Medical men would tell them that, in almost every case, insanity arose from some physical dis organisation, and that, if the cause were removed, the effect Would, of course, cease. He (Mr. Wire) believed that every individual was born into the world with moral faculties capa ble of some development ; that none were consigned to total darkness. (Hear, beer.) Let them remove the physieal cause of derangement, and the mind would shine forth, so that those who had before been the burden of their friends would become to them • source of comfort ; and, in like manner, reasoning from analogy, he thought it possible in some degree to recover the idiot, and to bring him into • com parative state of mental and moral development. Even assuming that they could not light up the mind, or develop the moral faculties, still, he would ask, were these helpless and miserable creatures to be allowed to have their animal faculties developed in the highest degree, and to be left as the sport of the unthink ing and unfeeling, because there was no asylum in which they could be pl aced? (Hear, hear.) In point of fact, however, humanity and christianity were supported b experience in demanding the trial of an experiment which could not fail to realise the fondest hopes of the meeting. The objects to be provided for were very numerous, espe cially among the poorer classes. Owing to the fact men tioned in connexion with Bethlehem, viz., that the president was daily compelled to reject such cases, he believed that in London slam there was a sufficient number of idiots to require the founding of an asylum. When they remembered, too, that each passe erally belonged to the poor, who could scarcely lei, yes, and who could much less do what was ■to develop the physical and moral capacities of t il l:m us s were thus dependent on them ; and when they reflected that such persons were left to go on from one stage to another until idiocy was rendered incurable, the animal passions were fearfully called forth, and idiocy often ended in raving insanity, they could not but feel that there were ample grounds for appealing to the benevolence of the public, not only to found the institution, but to give it per manent support. (Cheers.) The committee had been asked to defer carrying out the object until a more convenient time. They had deferred until they bad made friends amongst the medical profession, the clergy of different de nominations, and the humane of all classes, who had promised amistanoe and support ; and, though *pass ing cloud had come over the prosperity of the country, he believed that it would soon be driven away, and the country rise superior to her temporary calamity. (Cheers.) It became them to show that the gratitude for God's bounty which they had lately expressed was not mere lip-service. (Hear, hear.) Let it be manifested by their seeking out the poor neglected idiot, and training him up to a life of coin. wady. usefulness and comfort is • creature • who had a soul to be saved and duties to . (Cheery.) Dr. Lints, is ramering the , said he had little , to add to what the meets hod *lady heard as to the no. meaty for an institution for idiots. In the course of his practice es a medical mass, he had met with many such ob jects as had been described, and deeply had he deplored the fact that there was no asylum into which they could be admitted. He ought to mention, for the information of the meeting, that the benefit conferred upon the idiot by this institution would be conveyed, not princi pally by means of medical assistance, but through the aid of the moral trainer or educator. (Hear, hear.) The idiot was a being in whom there was disease, either congenital or acquired, for which reason he was incapable of appreciating, like other, the external world. Experience had shown, however, that mend training would suffice for the partial reclamation of the idiot; that although incapable of attain ing Yip* istasetnel condition, he could yet be drawn nom bison' hnesele--Inaght, as it were, to feel a moral con sciousness, mad ba mods in some degree a useful member of society. tro, _May that although the idiot could not possibly be sresi a height ornament of society, be could at all events be geode a harmless and vestal ens, he (Dr. Little) felt much solilhetion in seconding the resolution. Dr. Snows, is simpeirg the neolatiem advertsd espe cially to th e progress - tibial's/ beta mak hi the improve ment oldie idiot in ilwilmeland. Re warmly commended the oh** of the mesemp The ressiatton was Men pat and carried unanimously. The Pas. Dr. Annum RNED then read the mks by which the inaltstion is to be regulated. The Rev. W. W. Cmussucirs premed the Mowing re solutkot: . . Tim OM Mesmer reed be elope as the mmdeelien M the mealy. Ns said that whew they lealsod at ether emmthee, not dis tininishmi like *dr 1111111 by Christian Idtat and love, and saw that tame tase M is t sem Mania almost as a marred per ms, simply beano ha was an idiot, they mast se- Knowledge that a an between those countries and Eneiced told manly ID the disadvantage ei the latter; and it beams timna all to bestir themselves in ceder le me dusa ea Mastitis iesesseessent. It WY ose oath, greatest pro* ei the Abbe elmeneter of the Gospel, Med the el ths not neyormied 7 is•—treee impable 4 18 = a rt it the lesined esseely inatehr Thelent. par. sass having Ins tan Writ Mall= et iatellest teem empable as receirisn it when their Wee were salt hiewed by the gram at God. (Haar, hear.) The tsar. gesehosa then staled the ewe el en idiot girl, whose salad le bad bend in mit a dale of raiders adennemamt, that, at the tetweet of her eastbes, be Awed bee ts take the easraimmt. That her Wising spanned usen her sacral cbstaster, was he VlL,stigmata by Ike het that its was store rabid, abeam*, and attentive le her esethse, than her broixer and sisters who surrounded her. H a con „ eluded by expressing the pleasure which he felt at permi s ... that the reproach of not baying an i ns titution devoted to th; care of idiots was about to be removed. Mr, WILK Es, in supporting the resolution, said that h o , ing been chosen by the magistrates of this county to chairman of the Hanwell Lunatic Asylum, where 950 pa tients were receiving the greatest attention, he could not help feeling some solicitude on the subject before the meet. ink; and he was in possession of some informatics' which would, he thought, tend to confirm the pm. motes of the new institution in their generous pumm el ,. It was due, however, to this country, that he should state that, although it had not made all the efforts which it might to have made for the cure, or for the amelioration of theom. ditthn of idiots, yet that the idiot populatiou w not iq that state of utter abandonment which was implied in the observation, of some preceding speakers. If Bethlehem Hospital, owing to its peculiar r, gulations, rejected all who were not actually lunatic or insane, such was not the cam, he believed, with any of the other lunatic asylums white existed in different parts of the country. On the contrar y of those who were admitted into such asyl ums a very largo, proportion consisted of persons who were afflicted mental imbecility, and there was no inconsiderable proper. tion of idiots, arrangements being made by the commis. sioners of lunacy fur the special accommodation of thee persons. At the same time, he was exceedingly desirous that such an institution so that now proposed !Mould beertabliehed—(hear, hear) — for it was necessary for thei r welfare that idiots should be kept distinct from lunatic", He could not help saythg, that be did not attach much import. ' ance to what had been remarked on the physical treatment of idiots ; but it was to be hoped that the moral tra th i a , of such persons would produce a good plitsicil effect wit; regard to their bodies, Dr. Begley, of the Lancaster Luna* Asylum, had stated that the moral improvement which hie been effected in the lunatics of that asylum had tended, a many cases, to hasten and consummate their mue. That this institution was necessary could not la doubted by any one. It appeared from the last m. port of the asylum to which he had just referred, tkm the majority of deranged persons in the county of La eautee consisted of those who had been mentally defective from their birth. Of 688 persons who were not in any asylum, but were resident in the several hundreds, 583 were born men tally defective. This showed the necessity for very general attention to the subject under consideration. Dr. Conolly in describing a visit which he had paid to th e berm inl France, _stated that the idiots confined there kept time and tune • also, that they were taught to write, and that their copybooks would do credit to any writing school fur young persons. How painful, then, toe thought that there were thousands in this country whose mothers could not lock upo n them at present without a feeling of hopeless melancholy. Everything would depend en the moral treatment adopted_ attracting the attention of the patient by the mat simple operations, training him in good habit*. and adapting every. thing to his peculiar position and requirements. The caws of the deaf and the dumb were once considered equally hope• less, yet what excellent results had flowed from the efforts made on their behalf. Let limner efforts now be made by enlightened philosophy and Christian benevolence on behlif of idiots, and he believed that, as individuals and as a nation, they would have cause to rejoice. The resolution having been carried, Mr. G. T110.1.0N, M.P., moved the LA of prtsidentsud vice-presidents. Ile said he could not pretend to any me dical knowledge of the subject before the meeting; but he must observe, that he had been in countries where theliorm was received a, the foundation of religion, and there, as well as amongst the disciples of Confucius and the followers of Zoroaster, he had seen the tenderest care taken of idiot', It would, indeed, then, be a lasting reproach to our own religion if we any longer remained indifferent as to the con dition of that unfortunate class. (Hear, hear.) The Rev. Dr. CARLYLE, in seconding the resolution, ob served that at Chrichton, in the neighbourhood of Dam. fries, there was a lunatic asylum in which a periodical wee printed and published, and in which he had seen some es. cellent pieces of poetry. The work of the compositor, and the press-work, were both done by inmates of the asylum; the articles were written by inmates ; and the editor him self was an inmate. (Hear, hear, and cheers.) He felt happy in being able to take part in the formation of this institutun. The resolution was thee agreed to. Mr. 3. Sconett proposed the list of directors, who were to have power to fill up such offices as they might deem needful. In allusion to the provision already made for idiots, as stated by Mr. Wilkes, he observed that he thought that gentleman laboured under an error. He believed the troth to be, that all the provision made did not exbiad beyond the reception of adult idiots, who were admitted iuto . myluen under the provisions of the pone law. (Hear, hear.) With regard to the resolution, he wished to make one uteenstioe. H e seconded it on the express understanding that all the proceedings of the institution would be conducted on liberal principles, and that nothing of a sectarian character would ever be associated with them, (Hear, hear.> Mr. SPENCER HALL seconded the resolution, which wag then put and carried. Mr. Sheriff Center moved the following That aubwriptiona be made forthwith in furtherance of the Meets. Sion, and that this meeting pledges itself to oiunrutod its important claims to the attention and support of Its varloue 00110filnel and The resolution was seconded and agreed to. Mr. C. REED moved, and the Rev. Dr. REED seconded, a vote of thanks to the Lord Mayor, for his services in ON chair. The LORD MAYOR briefly acknowledged the motion, and the proceedings thus terminated. Before the company dispencd, the subscriptions amounted to nearly 3001. THE LITERATURE OF THE LOWER ORDERS. BATCH THI FIRST. The lower orders of English society hare a litera ture of their own, the mere existence of which is not familiar to the general public, while it may be safely asserted that in singular character and significance as manifestation of the popular mind, and its vast influence for good or evil in the education of the masses, are almost entirely overlooked. This literature, like the class to which it is addressed, has its own peculiar ideas and idiosyncrasies—its own system of mo rals and merits. Between it, especially in its most rabid or normal forme, and the higher and better known offsprings of the press. there is little in common — their tones are distinct. The spirit in which they deal with the questions which influence and agitate society u different Their types of life are unlike. They generally disagree in their ideals of character. Their notions of the heroic ere wide as the poles asunder. Their virtues and their vices— their deeds to be imitated, and their things to be shunned — are in no way referable to the same standard. The ethics which flourish in the inferior hemisphere ef thought, suffi ciently differ from thaw which are recognised in the upper, to startle the accidental intruder tuts the unaccustomed domain. Yet this literature is an unquestionable power in the sphere in which it works. The moralities which it enshrines go home to the bosoms of its many readers, with the high sanctions attached to the printing press—always a powerful warranty to the imperfectly educated, as all who ere con yenant with the processes of intellectual development in the ignorant are well aware. The characters which it invests with the attractive attributes of heroism ; the tone which it assumes in its judgments; and the charities., or uncharitable ness, which it inculeates—all become so much mental and moral aliment for the recipient--who on his aide has neither the will nor the ability to dispute its dicta. The importance of fully comprehending the nature, cha racter, and extent, of this popular literature, can hardly be over-estimated. To disregard it is neither wise nor safe from peril. It behove. the citizen- and the statesman equally to know what influences are at work, moulding and determining the characters and opiniene of the masses. Within t le of their activity, these vici ous publications are as yerntial and imperious as the daily newspapers or the great quarterly reviews are in theirs, and perhaps, more so, as in the former place the elements of individual and independent judgment are not ready formed ' and prepared to contest any given point or principle with No . accepted teacher. The uneducated, and, proximately , the tesperfeely-eduesteti, are compelled to accept everything on trust. Their opinions must be, in a great measure at least, presented to them ready made. The functions of the instructor are thus at once rendered the most honourable and the most nepossitde is society. No matter which is intimately essmsehed with the growth of virtue and intelligens), is the waking classes - can be without its interest. While the subject of education for the maser, and the tine connected with seeondary punish ments and dr esleWes et Ignorance with crime, engross so largo • deamicl genseal !attention in the country and the semi ar sdela sr sad promise to come so prominently be fee ImpsehlAsgidatere in the approaching sessions of perk=we this& we shall be discharging a duty to the deisg a Nevin to the cause of a better education C h : l4 ae pomp* in rendering a brief account of some of the inuirmsdallthe by which its intellectual education is at pr I med essdeeted. n a few short notices, we propose, then, to inquire into, and report upon, the issues of the people's press : to examine and indicate the character and tendencies of those under currents of literature which have hitherto failed to command that attention which their importance entitles them to re ceive. The man who declared that any one might make the laws of a country—so that he was permitted to write its popular ballade—probably did not exaggerate the power of the people's literature in producing and determining the national character. It is therefore of the first moment that the springs of that literature should be well watched, and every possible moans taken to keep them unpolluted. The knowledge of an evil is, however, an absolute preliminary to its removal. Investigation must precede legislation. As our first batch of illustrations, we shall take the wine weekly publications of Mr. Edward Lloyd, of Salisbury - square. This publisher issues, we believe, more than a dozen serials weekly—at a uniform rate of one penny each. Of all these, enormous numbers an sold. The greater portion of them consists of tales and romances—an turning upon scenes of robbery and seduction, both of which are delineated with an infinite amount of particular details of an exciting and most unhealthy nature. The robber or the pirate is always made a hero—daring, impamiened, with resolute will, loose character, cruel, and yet chivalric after a rude fashion. These are the elements of an idol in this school of romance. The betrayed and culpable heroine it a martyr, the disgusting anatomy of whose mind is often attempted to be given, and in whose history and adventures the sympathies of the untutored, and especially female, reader are feverishly engrossed. All the incidents of the story are in keeping with the characters of the chief personage.. A succession of sickly but exciting scenes is kept up — theft, seduction, violeace, adultery, and murder, stalk through their pages as if they were the most common-place and agreeable things in the world. Contact with such a literature is inevitable eorntption. Nothing can prevent it. The readers of such works are of the lowest order of intel lect and education ; the more perilous it therefore becomes to them. We have good reason, too, for believing that those main are, for the greater past, females—coun-