The Express. — London, England, 1856-04-03 00:00:00

vbs. ex yreoo. 400mdsawast•faimled Ise .11k• lipros,nellso 100staipapir, supt be at Um Ms% 10, 13••• Tin Aka mlOO or of polisiles. ales WAThZ AT LONDON DRUMM I ale —Wersilas, oi. 101 m ........6flateoca. 06. sOs. 1048016ew—fgarelag, 16. 13s.........AftarseeL IL Ma. LONDON, THURSDAY, APRIL 3. Ar the moment that peace with Russia is decided, disclosures are taking place in the United States which show that there is no danger of war in that direction. Oor readers are well aware that we awes admitted the probability of such a war; and we have given reasons, from time to time, for our conviction. These reasons are now proved to have been sound. The most recent intelligence from the Statile lays open some of the secrets of the South, and establishes the fact of the reluctance of the alaveholding interest to brave the struggle in Kansas, and the displeasure of that party at all action which can provoke a war with England. A political crisis and change, like that indicated by the election of Mr. Banes to the Speaker's chair, always bring(' SOW features of social or political life into view. All on a sudden a very large class of American citizens, whose existence was never referred to in past days, when such reference could possibly be avoided, has ems prominently into notice, in consequence at cuss Of the PRESIDENT'S management of the Kansas bagasse, and of the new aspect of affairs in Kansas itself. The non-slaveholding whites of the Southern States have sprung into an instantaneous importance, in which we, threatened as we have been with war, have nearly as much interest ea their own country men. The outside world has been accustomed to sup pose that the white citizens of the Slave States were generally slavebolders. Seeing that a knowledge of the alphabet and admission to public assemblies are forbidden by law and custom to all who have negro blood in their veins, it certainly seemed somewhat strange that the censorship of literature should be so very strictly enforced as that passages from COWPER, Mrs. BABBAULD, and indeed all our poets, essayists, and even historians, sad above all, our moral philosophers, should have been expunged from Southern editions; and that lecturers from New England on literary subjects should have been discouraged from visiting the Southern cities. Noce but a few northern abolitionists were aware that there was a body of citizens, out-numbering masters and slaves together, who must be kept igno rant and prejudiced, if the "peculiar institution" was to be preserved. A few abolitionists knew the fact, because the "poor whites" of the Southern States have little reason to be satisfied with things as they are, and every possible ground for supposing that the institution of slavery is the cause of the adversity and social contempt in which they live. Strangers from the North or from Europe are always I told on plantations, in answer ts their natural questions, that there is a disreputable clue infesting the neighbourhood of estates and the outskirts of towns—" poor whites," who are obliged to work for their bread, and cannot mix with the landowners on the cos hand, or with the coloured people on the other. It is no marvel and no mystery to strangers that work is disreputable where all the work Is theoretically done by slaves; or that working men should become really disreputable when made out casts at once from the capitalist sad the labouring elms. And thus, visitors receive what they sr* told, and think no more of the matter. By and by, how ever, comes the mons, revealing the startling feet that the total number of alaveholders was is 1860 no more than 347,626. Women sad minor are In eluded in this number. If this's all, wbo are the whits inhabitants ci the Slave States P Why, " the poor whites.," as their proud fellow-citizens call them. The census proves that these poor whites form saves tenths of the white population of the Southern States. What are they about that we hear nothing of them? How is it that members of Congress never ems to allude to this great majority of their ooestituents P How is it that everything is done in the name of the small minority of the citizens of these democratic republics? Present events are answering these question, and giving aseuranes that the world will hear much more henceforth of these minims of ignored citir.ene. Tte facts of their cue hitherto are these. The alaveholdera having possession of the best soils, the poor whites are driven to the steins soils,—son sterile than the worst in countries where labour is free. The state of society in which they live permits social consideration to wealth alone, while labour, as means of wealth, is discouraged. The landless white* an well descended, for the most Bert,--fixen the Huguenot exiles of France, or the Puritan otes fames of England ; and their fathers were honour. able citizens before slavery bad eaten out all the true respectability of society. From that day to this they have sunk—in means first, and then in character, — till the neediest of them tried the resource of emigre tioe. It is a received truth in the great Northern eities that the rudest Germans, and the moat ragged Irish immigrants, bring leas mis chief and more respectability into the country than the poor whites from the South; and districts which are thickly peopled by them are thereby marked as socially inferior to others. Nobody ex pects from Southern Illinois, for instance, the intern sense, integrity, and prosperity looked for where this particular sort of people is absent. Yet these are the people who are cow exlrciaing no small in fluence on the politics of their country, and conse quently on oar relations with that country. When the tees to Eanses began—the flights of immigrate from North and South, to see which could est up a Government first—the slave interest sent " poor whites" in great numbers. Not a few slave holders have taken the opportunity to sell off their human stock, and appeal to purchasers to pay high, as the money war for immigration to Kansas; and, while some endeavoured to carry a por tion of their slaves with them, others have thought it better worth while to rid them selves of "poor whits" neighbours by sending them to represent the South in Kansas. Many of them poor whites had really no conception of a state of society in which labour is free. They had travelled; they had never heard the North spoken of but in terms of abuse; and they went to Hanna honestly enough es advocates of Southern views. Bat the sight, for the first time, of la COrrull) 6.11011 Ti• has converted them, almost to a man. This oats etrophe—of the whole body going over to the party of the free-settlers—has not tended to reconcile " the South," u the slaveholders call themselves: to the policy of President Pinon. They never did like his warlike blustering. They never could endure the idea of the annexation of our colonies, which would give an overwhelming influence to the North. They always dreaded a war which Amid lay open their indefensible line of coast to attack from European navies. They are convinced, to a man, that they could mot fight us, while their slaves are on their hands. Their uneasiness about their home sad foreign politica is just now taking the form of dismal= about what to do with the •Aioa Ons party, finding that the Masi& about the strength of the South is melting away, now that abolitionism is successful at Washington, wants to get rid of the poor whites, as an element of weak nem, and would send there as fast as possible to Humes; while another party declares that they can not be spared. In cue of war, what is to be dam, they mak, without the poor whites to fight, while the landowners will have their Depose to keep out of mischief ? In South Carolina the treasury is empty ; the people, poor and riob, complain that they cannot pay their mss--a heavy personal tax being now added to duties on all articles of merchandise. Cotton alone, without isanufacturen or other saleable pro duct', doss not sulks to maintain the population ; and the ordinary condition of affairs is difficult enough to manage, without any invention of a war to be sup ported and paid for. So say the citizens of South Carolina thanaelves. The reports of the debates in the legislature of Georgia are no km striking. The members insist on the necessity of supporting slavery in Kansas, an d yet can Had no means of doing so. They have no money to spend, they say; and angrily they glance at the wealth and prosperity oldie Free States. They cannot even send their own "poor whites," because they are more needed to keep up slavery at home than to set it op in Baum. A proposition to pay the expenses of an emigration of " poor whites " was thrown out by • good majority. A Mr. JONES de clares, on the one hand, that slavery must be pre served by its establishment in new States, or the Union will perish. " When the one falls," he says, "the other follows it." Mr. HAWS, on the other hand, asks, in a tone of alarm, "Is this, then, the time for depopulating Georgia r While these things are passing in the South, whet is done in the North P Why, New Hampekire, die native State of President Plum, goes against Ms in the elections. Finding that the South was die. pleased with the war bluster of his Cabinet, and that he was of the wring side in the Kamm affair, lb remaining hope from the slaveholding party, wham he had so strangely failed to propitiate, was thed they would support him for the Presidency as a mum chosen by the North who was yet their humble servant in regard to their "peculiar institution." Bet his own State will not have him ; and this memos to seal his fate. If the man is out out in the North, and namely tolerated by the South; and if his war threats are laughed at in the North, and offienalte to the South, at the same time that flume clangs are taking plum at Washington which the war polio, was intended to avert, it is pretty clear what will be the fate of the PiEsinxem, his Cabi- net, and his policy. There will be a new man at the White House ; and, as it is already clear to every man that there will be no war, because neither nation desires it, nor any party in either, we must hope that the ooming man, who ever he may be, will take • 'moon against agitating foreign war as a refuge from domestic difficulty. Our American brethren have heart and sympathy enough to understand us when we say that they really must 'home men togovern them who are above trying our patience, and endangering the mutual friendship of the two peoples by pretending to pick a quarrel with us whenever they have a difficulty to tide over at home. As the Slave power goes down, and the Free States rise to their place in the national councils, the chances of pesos and prosperity improve all round. As soon as there is at the head of affairs a new man, qualified to represent the new phase, the dangers of war will be reduced to the lowest point. Whether that takes . place this year or later, in the interval there will be no war. Ire turn has come at last. The most visitable relic of oar medieval antiquity—the " peculiar in stitution" of the empire—is to be remoulded in so oordaaos with the spirit of the time. The Corpora tion of London is to be reformed, in substantial accordance with the recommendations of the Com miasioners of 1863. The following are the leading features of the Government Bill, as stated by Bir °solos OUT in his lucid exposition of Tuesday last : The first and principal point relates to the oonstitution end jurisdiction of the City Corporation. On this head it will be reissuing to our City friends in find that the main governing body will remain es it is. Mayor, Aldermen, and Common Councilmen will still constitute the civic executive and the civic legisla ture. Bet though the names of the functionaries remain unaltered, their nature and oonatitation is oonaiderably changed. The number of wards is to be reduced from 26 to 16 ; earth ward is to slog one Alderman and five Commas Coansillore—thus reducing the total aggregate of the Council from 232, at which it now stands, to the more manageable limit of 96. The Aldermen, as we all know, are now elected for life; it is proposed that they *hall in future be sleeted for six years only, one half of them going oat of cake at the end of three years. The present powers of the Court of Aldermen se • deliberative body are to be transferred in their totality to the Court of Comecon Council. The exist ing qualifications of Common Councilmen and of Voters are changed : the former need no longer be freemen of the City ; it will be sufficient if they possess either real or personal estate to the value of 1,0001., or an anneal rating of 301.: in the cased Voters, the conditions of residence within *even miles and free dom of the City are both dispensed with, and nothing more is to be required than that they shall occupy a 101. tenement in the ward. The superior paid officers of the City are to be elected by the Court of Common Council. The Lord Mayor need no longer be an alderman who has served the office of sheriff, nor an alderman at all, nor even a member of the Common Council. Nothing more is requisite than that he should be eligible to be elected as a Common Councilman. The avowed object of this provision is to procure as chief executive officers of the first city in the world some of those real civic magnates who have neither time nor inclination for qualifying themselves for the post by the routine at preset in sisted on, of first serving in subordinate civic capa cities. The accounts of the City are to be audited twice a year, by three Auditors, to be elected an nually from amongst those qualified to serve se Common Councilmen, and are to be regularly trans mitted to the Secretary for the Home Department. With regard to the judicial functions now exer cised by the Lord Mayor and Aldermen, the follow ing are the principal provisions of the Bill. The Court of Hastings—a court practically obsolete—is to be abolished. The Lord Mayor's and Sheriffs' Courts are to be eonsolidited, with the same powers of appeal to the Superior Courts of Westminster hall as now exist in the ease of the County Courts. , The Recorder is to be sole judge in the courts thus consolidated. As regards the Central Criminal Court, the Lord Mayor and Aldermen are no longer to form an essential part of it. They are still, however, to retain so much of their magisterial powers as relates to the transaction of the civil hearties of the Corporstios, to the control over prisons lunatic asylums, bridges, &a ; in short, to all that corresponds with what is familiarly known se county business amongst the justices of our provincial quarter session. The criminal ju etidlation in Polk" matters is to be vested in ether r fr =respect dielutet eumprimi Within dirks of the E t ' bi t f i. oem part of the general • of the and * be placed under the control of an umbre of stipendlery polies magistrates. The police consta bulary, however, of the City is still to remain under the supftinteadenee of the Corporation—a point of which, Ilk. Copdaits Cattle, we beg lame to take a note far the purposes *nature cosement. The next portion of the Government Bill is devoted to the abolition of certain customs which the general sense of the community has long eines condemned, as inconsistent with the enlightened spirit of modern times, and injurious to the interests of trade and commerce. No one, we apprehend, will, now-a-days, be found seriously to uphold the following neare— d ced by the Commissioners, and abolished by the Government Bill:—The =tags of grain, fruit, wares, and merchandise ; the monopoly of the porter age of Goals and other articles, now exercised by the fellowship porters; or the imposition of street tolls on carts not belonging to freemen. Even the most fanatio defenders of vested rights will pro bably agree that Sir GEORGE GREY is perfectly Justified in repealing the enactments which require that brokers shall be admitted by, and pay certain fees to, the Corporation, or which restrict the right of the Crown to grant any market within wen miles of the City. In the same category stand those clauses of the Bill which propose to abolish all exclusive rights of trading—all rights of precluding persons not free men from carrying on badness in the City. The remaining provisions of the Government mea- sure are intended to divest the Corporation of certain anomalous powers possessed by it at present, of which the principal are, levying a duty on Coals, and exer cising a ooceervancy over the River Thames. The total present amount of the Coal Duty—a duty, be it ob served, leviable net only on coals brought into the City Proper, but into any part of an area extending 20 miles from the General Poet-office—is 13d. per ton. This aggregate of 13d. is made up of three separate duties : ooe of 4d. per too, now charged with a sum of 680,0001. for the alterations in Cannon-street; another of Bd. per ton, constituting the fund called the London bridge Approaches Fund; and another of ld. per ton, the whole proceeds of which are payable to metropo litan improvements. Both these latter duties expire in 1882—the first is permanent. The Government Bill proposes that the ftd. and the ld. duties shall cease at the time at present fixed for their expiration, and that the 4d. duty shall cease as soon as the charge of 680,0001. is paid a The last point is the conservancy of the Thames. As to this Government does not propose to legislate upon the relative rights of the City and the Crown (now in coarse of litigation in Chancery) to the banks and shores of the river. It merely provides for the transfer of the rights of eonservancy and of the tolls rained for the purpose of meeting the expendi ture of such conservancy, to a board, consisting of the First Lord of the Admiralty, the President of the Board of Works, one of the Commissioners of Woods, and the Deputy Master of the Trinity House. Bach in substance is the Government plan. In most respects we are disposed to concur with its reeoinmendations on one or two points we reserve to ourselves a right of future observation. Mr. Keogh mucosa' to the vacant Irish jodgsehip ; sod Mr. Fits is to be the new Irish Attorney- General Wi are also given to understand that Mr. Fitsgerald left town for Ireland last night. gpt Court. Viscount Palmerston bad an audience of the Queen yestadayat Backlaghaa Pawl. - The feints Cosiort rode on hornbook with the Priors of Walls sad nines Alfred in the noising, attended by Col. F. H. Seymour sad Mr. Gibbs. Prise* Arthur and the Prineesses Helens sod Louisa to* s drive in as open carriage sad four. Prices Albert, attended by his Byterry in Wsitleg, visited the Duchess of filluesster, at her residence, Gloa enter•house, in the afternoon. Her Molest, and Priam Albert, accompanied by the Ptinesso Boyel, honoured the Prtheme's Theatre with their presence in the evaalag. The royal suite connoted of Lady lilsedimald, the Hoe. Weimar Stanley, Lord D■B.rie, Lord Alfred Paget, sad Col. P. H. Seymour. I OPPIOR, APRIL 2,1856 —Node is hereby &es, that the Levee ausounesd to be held en Wed woodsy, the 16th Just., will be held on Tuesday, the 15th lastest. Cards of prsaatatioa should be left at Its Lord Chamberlain's office by 12 o'clock oa Saturday, the 12th inst., or say earlier day, between the hours of 12 sod 4. Despetabee were received at the Colonial-office yesterday fro. the Govern:re of the Caps of 0 eod Hope, Natal, mad Tommie. The Earl of Eglia ton entertained a large party of *Moen of the let Lit* Guards, and other friends, on Time day evening. la St. Jastes'i-nnare. There were pretest Viscount Powerscoort, Viscose' Motley, Viscount and Via:mutt/a legates, Sir Adam Hay sad the Milne Hay, Colonel Parker, Colonel Hogg, Captain Daemon, Captain the Hoe. W. B. Deaeonsbip, M.P., Mr. Illddalpb, Captaia Wyndham, Mr. Pause, Mr. North, Mr. Grosvenor, Captain Da Winton, Mr. Keith Fraser, &m. The Earl and Counties of Derby and Lady Emma ere a:pentad In town to-day from Knowsley. Viscount and Visooantess Sydney are expected in Ira to-day ham Prowl, Etat. Lady Mary Wood has issued cards for a reception . . . weissidai, the 9th Met., at the Admiralty. The marriage of the Lady Rachel itamell with Lord James Wsadooford Butler took jam this muting, as et. Potreo Chetah. The Right bon. R. Vernon Smith, 111. P., gave a dinner last evening to tie oelleegete In the eabinet. All the ministers Weeded ezetpt the Berl Granville end tie Earl of Clarendon—the latter beteg shunt in Paris, and the former, we regret 0 learn, too unwell to attend. Lady John Somerset has arrived at her new resi dence, la Cedopn-pleee, fee the mem Most of the travellers who have spent the winter la Upper Aunt have retuned to Cairo, and are leaving for Syria, 'Misr by way of the Deport or by /ea from Alexan dria to Jaffa. Lord Porta!Unit= has bass tasking a pro- Wasted stay at Ipswabold, in Nubia, excavating antiqui ties. Lord Gorge Paulet Is gone to the Crimea, oa a visit to hie brother. Lady Pith' has embarked for Jaffa. Colonel Sir H. Rawlimn, H.C.8., has been ap• pointed to succeed General Mr Gimp Pollock as one of the nominated Mentors of the Bast India Company. A priests view took pl.ee yesterday of the extra ordinary nineties of works of art and vans nods by the lan Colossi Bibthorp, 1111. P ,at 48, Eaton square. The catalog. soutane 1,268 lets. which will be *old by Mastro. Christie sad Kass., at t►eir rooms, Kieg-*treat, Bt. lama's, e• Madseny east, to aoudad' oa April 18. The hews appsan sassily filled with earioalths, and wonder ful r they an, On pastas wander is when the lats mew. bar fee Llamas (mad room for himself. On the subject of the competition of French against BMA Cre kemaseeedlow, the Clesewellor of the Beebe-quer ter samoussad a hill w►ieh be appease to eoriaider will pew vest Freeel polled's from being undertakes here without the persist of the goverumeat duty. _ _ Seise anxiety prevails among the shipping interest ea LIM quad= whether vessels will be allowed to clear for Russian ports before the ratification of the treaty of pests, or aro to be subjected to the blockade ap to that time. At pretest the Castore-hoses will not pus there, bat a lags . . . . . . . . subs? have bees r .rosat:y shartMed and denials:bed V. Constantinople en the sonditiot that, it t►e blockade should sot have ceased within a speeded number of days alter that arrival at that city, the sontraet is to be void. Some sates from the government on the estject is daily looked for, end, a eanwhilv, several ships bays bees pat on the berth for Runes ports, it Hall, Loadon, and *Lowlier*. THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, APRIL 3. 1856. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. TEE DECISIONS OF THE CONGRESS. In the atone of an article of considerable length, treating of the questions which have been discussed by the plenipotentiariee. the Jountal des Debate of this morning says that no decision his yet been pro nounced with regard to the different epitome pro posed for the future organisation of the Danubian Principalities, but that the disouslona upon the sub ject gave rise to another question which was defi nitely determined. The Conference has decided that no portion of the Turkish empire shall, under any pretext whatsoever, be occupied by the allied armies. When the treaty of the 30th of March has acquired, by the ratification of the respective sovereigns, an indelible character, the armies of France, England, and Sardinia will abandon the Crimes and Constan tinople, and return home, and the Austrian troops will retire from the Danubian Principalities beyond the frontiers of the empire. " Some foreign journals," says the Debats, " have said the contrary, but we believe they have been misinformed. Their error is easily explained. The allied powers, contempla ting the continuation of the war and its development upon a much larger scale, have accumulated stores of all descriptions in engrepots established about Constantinople and in the Crimea. It will neces sarily take much time to carry back this im mense material to the magazines of France, England, and Sardinia. The year 1868 will not, perhaps, be sufficient. It is clear that this material must be placed under the guard of some Allied troops, and that the latter most remain until the operation is terminated. It is this indispensable sojourn which has been mistaken for a temporary occupation of the Turkish provinces." The D4lxas further states that the Conferences resolved the delicate question of the rights of the Christians in Turkey in a form which will reconcile the interests of the Chrirtiaas with the rights of the Imperial Crown. The Conference, it is said, has not, es some of the members proposed, annexed to or in corporated with the treaty of peace the late decrees of the Sultan upon this point, but has inserted in the treaty an article in which allusion is made to the recent concessions, in such terms that an engagement on the part of the Sultan to adhere to his promises, is in reality on record. The Debate states also that the navigation of the Danube will be henceforth free to the merchant-vessels of the world, and it ex presses the belief that the grave question of the state of Italy, viewed as a possible cause of future war, is not yet disposed of. The treaty, it adds, is composed of • preamble and thirty-four articles. Inserted in the preamble is a tribute to France; to its disinter estedness, its loyalty, and its spirit of conciliation. Europe acknowledges that it is to the personal efforts of the Emperor of the French that peace is due. We are assured by the DEbals that this compliment to our ally was insisted upon by the Earl of Cla rendon. RUSSIAN MANIFESTO. An Imperial manifesto wu issued at St. Peters burg on the let instant, relative to the conclusion of pesos. It says that though the war was not sought by Russia, it had been waged with great energy by the Russian people. The rights of the Christians in the East were Gamed; thus the object of the war had been attained. Special @reappoints hut been made to prevent collisions between Turkish and Russian nasals in the Black Sea, and a new line of frontier bad been agreed upon in Bessarabia. THE BALTIC. A despatch from Hamburg, dated yesterday, says that the English Government has transmitted orders by the telegraph to Commodore Watson, to quit the Baltic and to return to England with his squadron. THE EAST. WIDIfiSDLT. The whole of the diplomatic corps at Constanti nople were present at the Te Delon sung on the oc casion of the birth of the Prinoe Imperial. In the evening there was a grand dinner at the French embassy, at which Lord Stratford de Redoliffs deli vered a speech. The quarter of Pera was illuminated at night. Omer Pacha returns to the command in Asia. Intelligence from the Crimea represents that the improvement in the health of the French army was still sustained. General La Marmora arrived at Balaklava on the 16th ult. The tradesmen of Balaklava have resolved to raise their prices 20 per cent. The European traders established in the Crimea were, moreover, only waiting for the news of the conclusion of peace to remove their stock to Odom or to the Princi• palities.. At Sebastopol the thermometer had gone down to 17 degrees below zero, and in consequence of the intense cold the armies did not leave their barracks. The Constantinople journals say, o tholes+, that the sanitary measures taken by the French govern ment have already improved the situation. Unfor tunately, however, two surgeon-majors and two volunteer chaplains have been carried off. By -news from the Danubian Principalities, it appears that the Russians had permitted the removal of 163 vessels hitherto detained in the Danube. At Eapatoria there wu a review of the allied troops on the 16th. Some casualties had occurred at sea off Kustendje. From Kertch, under date of the 17th ult., it is stated that the projected expedition against the Spit of Arabat was postponed till the issue of the negotia tions should be known. SPAIN. MADRID, Aram 1. The committee of 116 deputies of the pure pro gressista party hu published its programme. It recognises Marshal Ilspartero u chief, and exprcsses its sentiments in favour of the Queen and the present dynasty. The arming of the national guard through out the country is sd,ocated. PRUSSIA. BERLIN. Aram 2. The French, English, Sardinian, and Turkish diplomatic agents yesterday visited the Burnie's Ambassador. On Saturday a grand f&te will be given at the Russian Embassy on the occasion of the conclusion of peace. All the diplomatic corps have been invited. A new journal (nos political) to be called the °Wall de Paris, will appeu on Bunchy neat at the French capital. Among the numerous 'title( railaagetatt aanosnoed In the program - se, ate the muses of Alexandre Dumas, Jules Janis, Andes Hensley, Loot Lavine, B. Tesler, Boger de Beauvoir, Fells Montana, Th. Pelloquet, A. Hut- son, A 1... Weill, Nader, Jules Loy!, and Louis Benet. The Madeira packet Comet arrived at Southampton yesterday. She landed her ►eaeegae, 14 In 'timber, and a small mail, and then proceeded on to London. She lett Medeire on the 21st alt. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (11011 017 R OWN PARIS, WIDNIIDAT EVINING. The Pays,alluding to tho sitting of the Congress to-day (in which, notwithstanding the announcement of their departure in several journals, Lord Claren• don and M. Manteuffel took part), says it has ream to think that none of the matters remaining to be discussed will give occssion to any new protocol or additional treaty. "In a word," the Pays says, "the treaty of March 30 is sa complete in tenor as in form, and will require no new or supplemental signature on account of any of the points with which the Congress is at this moment occupied." It is also stated by the Pays that no new convention, properly so called, has been made with regard to an extension of the armistice ; the commanders of the belligerent armies have been simply instructed not to renew hostilities until fur ther orders. The Parris says that none of the plenipotentiaries will leave Paris before the ratifications are ex changed. However, a letter from Berlin states that M. de Mantenffel is expected there at the end of this week. In explanation of this news, the Presse says that perhaps Prussia will not be allowed to partici pate in the discussion of the secondary questions in any larger measure than she did in the principal ones. Baron Brunow has informed the French govern ment that the Emperor of Russia has taken off the prohibition which prevented the Russian nobles from visiting France. The following extract from the Messager of Bayonne (curious in itself) derives a high degree of importance from the feat of its being reproduced at the head of the column of foreign correspondence in the Moisiteur : Public attention has been much excited at Madrid by the conduct of lord Howden, the English Ambassador, who wu not present with all the other memben of the dirt:- antic corps at the Ter Dews sang on Easter Sunday, at the church of Saint-Louis-des-Franclis, on the occasion of the birth of the Prince Imperial. The Madrid joar nah in mentioning the absence of the English repre sentative, state that he Ind not called on the Marquis de Target, the French Minister, to con. spatula's him on the occasion of the safe delivery of the Empress, as all the heads of the other legations and the Spanish ministers had done. We have reeeiv• d sevrril !attars containing very warm remarks on the conduct of the representative of a nation to which we are now so closely united. These letters express the surprise excited amongst Spaniards, and the painful astanAment produced among the Preccb, by the cmduct of Lord Bowden. We do not thick it expedient to reproduce the different passages of ear correspoadenes. Paris was again illuminated last night, and the illuminations in private houses were more general than on Sunday. The reason was that many people understood the illumination following the review as a tribute to the army of the Crimea, a great part of which had appeared upon the ground, and—at least this was the feeling of many—as a homage to the dead, whose bones are whitening on that distant shore. The public build ings and embassies were not generally lighted up on this occasion, but numbers of private individuals, who were out of town on Sunday, took this opportunity of putting lampions in their windows. The boule vards were exceedingly brilliant, and to a late hour a dense crowd thronged both sides of them to such an extent as to render it difficult to move. The number of vehicles was also so great that more than once all advance became impossible. Several of the passages were lit up with great taste, and a sort of triumphal arch in the Marche St. Honore attracted much atten tion. A transparency of the Emperor Alexander If. at the Russian print shop on the Boulevard des Italiens had crowds round it during the evening. It is a signifi cant fact that the Orleanists and legitimists, who have never illuminated since 1848, made an ostentatious display of light on Sunday and on yesterday. The hotels of M. Guizot, M. de Montalivetand the Duchess de Duras, in the Faubourg St. Honore, and very many great houses in the Faubourg St. Germain, were particularly remarked. Did they light up to show their sympathy with Russia? The general belief is that they did. Apropos of Paris illumina tions in general, I must observe that they are never so brilliant u the description of them. It may be truly said, to nes an appropriate metaphor, that the best of them is not fit to hold a candle to an illumi nation in St. Jamee's-street on the Queen's birthday. The light, such as it is, is spread over a larger space, because in London many quarters of the town never illuminate at all. Here there is scarcely a street where two or three, or twenty or thirty, lampions, as the case may be, do not make darkness visible. The effect of the paper lampion used here ia nothing to be compared in brilliancy to the Vauxhall lamps which we are familiar with in London. Thu. has been a certain reaction at the Bourse, from the great depression of the last three days. The rates demanded for reports, though still high, were less than yesterday. The Rents rose 45c. for cash, closing at 72fr. 70c., but for account the rise was only 5c., and the last price 72fr. 40c. A very large business was done in Credit Mobilier, which rose lifr. for cub, and 35fr. for account. Railways were in a somewhat inducting state; but on the whole the market was better. Orleans rose 7fr. 50c, and Eastern 12fr. 60e. There was scarcely any alteration in the Lyons lines. M. Fould, the Minister of State, and M. Magne, the Minister of Finance, had a conference to-day, which lasted two boors, to talk over the fall at the Bourse since the proclamation of peace. Telegraphic despatches from the provinces report a very important fall in corn. At Lille, the principal northern market, wheat has fallen this day 3fr. the hectolitre. At Marseilles the fall has been from lfr. to 21r. A Havre firm Ihave sold to-day 14,000 berm]. of American flour at prices varying according to quality, from 33fr. 60c. to 37fr. At the Paris Halle au Ble this evening, from 5 to 6 o'clock, the market was much affected by the telegraphic news of the morning. Wheat was fully 2fr. the sack lower. There was next to nothing doing. M. de Villemeseant, the editor of the .Figaro, has received from the Emperor the pardon for which he petitioned the Imperial Prince, although the fact has not yet been made public. The expected amnesty for all press offences is still to look for. Perhaps it is reserved for the baptism. The Monifeer publishes • decree, founded on • report of the Minister of War, for forming a third chamber of commerce in Algeria, which shall have its place of meeting at Constantine. It is to be com posed of nine members, among whom there is to be one Mussulman, a native Jew, and a foreigner. AUSTRIAN ITALY. A letter from Pavia of the 25th ult., in the Opi-I mew of Turin, says:—" I have already told you of 1 the arrest of fifteen 'students at Padua, and I may now add that the cause of this arrest was the display one See morning of the French, British, and Sardi nian flags gaily waving in one of the most frequented squares of the town. There was a similar manifesta tion at Mantua some days ago, but the authors have not yet been discovered." A biography of the Emperor Napoleon hal ap• peered in Rusts, and is meeting with an entraordissry elle. THE MEDITERIZANEAN. MALTA, MARCH 28. Yesterday there was an investiture of the Ord er otBt. Michael and Bt. George, at the palace in Valetta The four gentlemen to be invested were Sir Ignatius Hussite and the Baron de Piro, who were already knights and were to be raised to the rank of grad crosses, and Mr. William Thornton and Judge Dime, to be made knight. commanders. Mr. Adrian Dingli and Mr. Jiacomo Tag. llalmro ware oleo made companions, but without care. ninny. On their names being called, they advanced in front of the throne, male a profound obeisance, knelt, and took the cath, the governor placed the collar over their beads, made a short speech to rub, and the ceremony wu ended. The Eozioe and French government steamer arrived from Alexandria this morning. Owing to the break-town of the Alhambra, the Eosins was detained at Alexandria. On the arrival of the Clyde, which was sent in place of the Alhambra, the Ruins left, but could not bring ell the par sengen from Egypt that were waiting for ;wigs to Europe, part of whom will obtain pes•sgrs in the Clyde, which woo to leave a few hours after the Euxines &per turs. Her Majesty's ship Agamemnon. Captain Stopford, left yesterday for Athens, on route for the Black Bea. The Oneida arrived this morning from Quesnst ,we, and proceeds on to the East. RUSSIA. The Emperor, before setting out for Finland, issued ukases by which a number ~f important privi- leges are conferred on the Coesacks of the Don aid Sea of Azoff, sea reward for the zeal and devotion to the Empire they have displayed in the late war. DANTZIC, MARCH 27. The navigable Piaster Canal, which has been in course of conetruction tor many jeers, and is executed for account of the Russian government, is at length completed, and has just been opened. This canal promises to be of great importance for the internal commerce of Russia, se it allows of uninterrupted communication between the Boug and the Dnieper. The blockade of the Russian ports has had the effect of proving the value of this internal communication, by means of which we have already received from the South of Russia and through this canal and the river Vistula 10,000 quarters of the finest linseed, 12,000 cwt. of tallow, and 15,000 cwt. of hemp, a great part of which has been already shipped to England. For the greater facilitation of this trade, a service of steam•tuge is being organised by the RUElllta government, which will to completed in the course of this summer. ESTIMATES, 4c., CIVIL SERVICES. COLONIAL, CONSULAR, AND OTHER FOREIGN SERVICES. This morning the estimates for the above services hr the year ending March 31, 1857, were issued. The fol lowing is a statement as compared with the estimates for the like melees in 1855: North America-Bermuda, 1855, 4,0501.; 1856, 4,0501. Clergy, North America, 1855, 7,3971. ;1656, 7,3971. Indian department, Canada, 1455, 7,0101. ; 1856, 4,7131. ; com pared with 1855, elecreue, 2,2971. West Indict, &:.-Go- Timbre, and others, Wert Indies, &c., end Western Aus tralis, 1855, 24,7281.; 1856, 24,7281. Justices, West ladles, &0.,11555, 24,7501. ; 1856,'2.4,3001. ; cocapared with 1856, de crease, 450/. Africa-West rn coast,lBss, 10,6301. ; 1856, 10,2301.; compared with 1855, decrease, 4001. St. Helena, 1855, 11,0671. ; 1856, 10,8661.; compared with 1855, de ' create, 2911. Idiecetleneorie-Heligoland, 18,55, 978; 1856, 9601 ; °outpaced wit► 1855, decrease, 161. Falkland Is • lands, 1855, 2,8071.; 1856, 2,9011.; compared with 1855, increase, 941. Hong Kong, 1855, 3,8001.; 1856, ail; com pared with 1855, decrease, 3,8001. Emigration, 1855, 16,7201.; 1856, 14,6821.; compared with 1855, decrease, 2,1381. Distres.ed emigrants, Cat ale, 1855, 10,6001. ; 1856, ail; oompared with 1855, decrease, 10,5001. Catttured negroee, &a, 1855, 10,0001.; 1866, 12,0001 ; oompared with 1855, increase, 2,0001. Commies ocers for Suppression of Stave Trade, 18.55, 11,250/.; 1E66, 11,0501.; compared with 1855, decrees*, 2001. Consuls abroad, including Chins and Siam, 1855, 157,6691. ; '1856, 167,498/. ; compared with 1655, increase, 9,8291. Minlet re at foreign courts, extra ordinary expenses, 1855, 25.0001.; 1856. 25,0001. Total 1855, 328,3441. ; 1866, 320,2651. ; compared si it 1855, de amuse, 8,0791. FIELD LANE RAGGED SCHOOLS. Last evening a large number of ladies and gentle men assembled in the Schoce-room of this institution to witness the annual distribution of prize, by the Eerl of Shaftesbury to a select number of boys and girls who had been educated under the auspices of the Hogged School Union, and who upon leavir g had been pl►ced in situetiona, where they had won the confidence and est•rm of their employers. There were in all 82 pupils present to receive prizes, which consisted of bibtee, written and framed rti moliele of merit, and a small sum of money, the several amounts bring app^ril•med according to the period of ser vice in each cue. His lordship, in bestowing these rewards, shook hand■ very kindly with the re cipiests, and afterwards 'termed to them • few words of admonition, observing th..t it was moat gratifying to him to see to many children deserving of the Mien which bad been awarded, end it was more e:pt cially to their credit because they had earned this distinctioc alter being subjected to • very severe test in the way of exami nation. He was happy to state that ragged school, had lad a most materfal effect on the condi•ion of the poorer claws of this country, and he wu so rejoiced at the benefits which had accrued from them to society at large, that he could never be better pleased than who n he was occupiel in the fi Wife and gutters " with the endeavour to reclaim the po , r and ignorant from the state of tin and minty in which their lot seamed to be east The behaviour of boys and girls throughout the pro ceedings was extremely creditable both to themselves arid to their imtructors, and the appeal made by Lord Shafusbury, Mr. Payne, Mr. M•ereger, and others on their behalf was so tar responded ti that a libt rsl collection was made at the doors. CHURCH LIVINGS FOR SALE. On Thursday some more church livings were added to the large number that wire previously announced for sole. The rectory of Aythorp Roothing, near Chelms- ford, is to be disposed of by the hammer of Mr. Marsh to- morrow, the 3rd of April. The total income is estimated at 4411 9s. 81., and the population at the last census was 257. The incumbent is in his 42nd year. Then dory of East Anitsy, DSTOOPMTP, is to be told by the gems su7tinneer on the 17th of Ap , il. The following ere held out as inducements to purchasers.—" It comprises • convenient rectory-house, built by the percent incumbent, and on which nothing is owing, pleasantly situate, fronting the south, stabling, on'ottice-, gar led. loan, shrubbi ry, &c., and a meadow of about tour acres; also about 405 acres of glebe land, consisting of sr able, mead w, pasture, orchard, coppice, &a. ; farm-house, end agricultural building,. The present incumbent is in his (6:h year, end his been non resident for some time past, in consequence of ill health. The church is small and duty easy, and th.. population, which is entirely sgricultu: al, is about 250 The parish emitting 2,300 awes of land, end the Moms, exclus:v. of the rectory-houee, amounts to 2331 per annum." The text starch pr party, which is to be disposed of by the some auctioneer, consists of the rectorial tithes of the parish of Hartland, a parish 11'0, according to is e "Clergy List," is in the gift of the governors cf the Charter-house, Loudon. The p pelation is shout 3,000 and the tithes have been com muted at 6001. par annum ; the clerked duty is performed by a ',tiptoe! cunt., for whom • separate charge it aro , r tinned quite distinct (rem the •bave. The " Clergy List" st►tes that the pirpatual curate alluded to (the Rev. W. Chanter) has been dolt g the duty for the last 60 fears, at a stipend of 901. a year. The Univers claims for the dogma of the Immacu late Conerptioo the boater of the peter, slur having attri buted to it all the advantages of the war. A letter from Kiel mentions the arrival there d the Firefly, and adds.—. It was a singuor spectacle to sea at this season of the year the Enc`ish cors, ce sntering the port, entirely covered with ice, long crystal piece. hanging from the sides cf the rigging ' , vat% the Minot Fie' turesqueness." The Pacha of Jerusalem and his suite cttended divine service in the English eta. irhary Sunday, and vaitod the English hospital and the English school, leaving handsome donations for each. When the last mail left Alexandria, Alit Bey had started on board the Elqttn struncr ter Coustautinsplo, taking with him the teat of the trews- of peace. l i The Viceroy of Fgypt, Said Fuchs, tee gone up to Cairo to take pommies of a palace on the Ms he has just bought from one of his nephews. The English Protestant church occup'.rs a rrost pr >Warta pasiGon is the great square of Alesandria, the R.itnszt Catholics h.. o •.ws churches, sad Gr have jaaat completed s vrry floe lsrgr emelt, and el toll their Own belle,