The Express. — London, England, 1856-12-23 00:00:00

II 1 LONDON, TUESDAY, r OMIT NEWS: LONTON MORNING PAYER. prlm unttiseped 4d.. damsel sd. Defer L,1•4.d. Jon J.. the shocate of tree commerce and of Me towel reform.. la Me *item •ml mho, of It. mama urea—ta the went, Its km marts. es la the Tam rilemntiic cotoremalal lalonnstime ammilmed I. &F. Wad ankles—MU gaper is Itsemeamad. ITS FOREIGN NEWS Id RELIABLE LTD IMPARTIAL. A. 4eali amNi ft.p.Vl of 411w1114( In the ladlan deY I. +applied les by swap to eti.mil Mil it COMlllial Till. ONLY DAILY MINING IMPORT. Eli Vet el vim IT ILICLEDLE ..LL OFFENSIVE ADVERTISEMENT& It Is MBE/ trornotent. amt. though Vollmset hy more then Ott? .... 0.. k it. „ I. b 3., by fordlit.c7 Wire grey gPriwuau, a..hieted foe Welt • oihmzeter Ltd teeltlon sot WWI/ wow. To be enteet.l cs boObeiler ey netnenan In thl M.O.= aa at do sink 10. limaermAreet. Ilometrett, Leedom R.M. ad..Llty enyertenced In obtunins tbe Mrer,b7 brew yea at • mdosod Ettee. Br µUhler rW. on Wilma... tar... some of rod smuts nob/ to elbsey tt at UM od. set awns , . ram la Woos* Fooveffide ads. DAILY NEWS FORWARDED to the COUN rev tr xvr.mten 101?. MIK ( 14 oar Paf mon , in "- vattJollNmApt.• 11). Uwe Albartrette, UwatlKerk. sad U rrms PUBLIC and the TRADE are reminded m. tart am so be FIIPPLa ED Irak like 'VIM EXP 144311. tter-pad 4. at J. 011W10111tS Irbale.sta Ilookamillsa ant Publish tag tab. g. DORTlOlatilet. Ptsialatrast. Paddloitas. DAILY NEWS LENT TO READ, from 8 a.a. =al 3 Yr. Wll gsza. ./.. IL gr aidit t , Ctrit or obtotri. Plc Maria by 1.- TM gratt7:.1."24.7,4.4.4. THE EXPRESS.—The PUBLIC and TRADE eVPPLIND every encrusts. at 4, LIG. STIVIINC =awl Ann , a4ent. Goemnibrase. DAILY MIMI FAD and LIT TO DYAD by I In Übe morels& StHE F.XPRESB —The PUBLIC and TRADE SUPPLIED every atersoos, baUladi 4. by W. STEPHEN* Inoluelles Asa N. teont t Id, iluntinAlos.Arsit, ElseleacD les& DAILY SEWS SUPPLIED sad LENT YO READ Milo isonisd. tt 4e,xsortOtS. TO CORRESPONDENTS. ,Ivehthirwert. Intended he "The Expreme." Li Tweeds, paw. met be at the Odiet. 10, basierthetral. by Two erCleak oh the us el gm/Oradea. Ttrte Emma, lleases.Clitposedalta. seastoas, Warlike Walter, C, mytou and likrdoeb; Altas Waal, liaa L NM Lear (lc —MR STAR OF AND 1t USIA. —A FAMILY FAIL. INO. Mr. liwkslase ; Ally B. Fane.—Aad 21t11 GALICIAN FATE. NIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Its DAT—ticretni. 111 hs—....Atiareaos. Ilk. um. Taausov—Korning. 01. 05.........Atti1ram, Ob. kr The contest between Prussia and Switzerland la a most unequal one, if the material forces only of the two countries ere to be taken into account. Prussia has a population of rather more than seventeen millions of souls, and an annual revenue of about twenty millions of English money. Switzerland has a population of rather leas than two•and-a-half minims of souls, and an inmost revenue of less than a million of English money. On the pesos establish ment of the Prussian army there are 130,000 regular troops; this number can be augmented in time of war to 300,000 men, available for active sorrier, with a reserve of 250,000 for garrison duty. The regular Swiss army numbers only 72,000, with a reserve of 36,000. It must be kept in mind, however, that in the I event of hostilities actually takieg place, the Swies 4 will fight on their own soil, whilst the Prussians I will bare • long land marsh to reach them. 4 The Prussian soldiers will have to contend with ' the whole adult male population. The Prussians, too, will have to march through neutral Stew I where, as they can neither take the liberties they could in their own country, nor the stillgre•ter liberties I they would take in an enemy's country, their move- ' meats will be much hampered, and their expenses increased. A nose of shame, too, as well as • fear of trying too far the patience even of his subservient Chambers, will prevent the King of Pausal* from putting forth all his force in a war with the Helvetic Confederation, on the trumpery ground of quarrel be alleges. Besides, he is not sufficiently tranquil on the some of public opinion at home to inve his own territories without a sufficient somber of regular troops to put down any revolutionary or insurrection ary movements that may take place while he is waging war at a distance. The Prussian invasion of Switzerland must take place from the northern, or German frontier. The Emperor of the FRLNCII has, it is true, shown him. self very anxious to court the favour of the Prussian monarch, bat he will stop short of allowing him to muster his troops on French soil. It would not be safe to re-awaken the French people'. reminiscences of the Praeiao army of occupation in 1816, by allow ing Prussian troops to encamp in Pratt... The northern frontier of Switzerland extends from the head of the Like of Constance to Basle, where the enures of the Rhine changes suddenly from a western to a northern. The entire length of this frostier is about 160 English miles; bat the nature of the ground from the head of Lake Constance to Schaffhausen—a distance of rather more than a hundred miles—renders it in the lad degree inspire.- bable that aay attempt will be made in that quarter. The portion of this frontier which lies between Schaffhausen and Basle—a distance of little more than 40 English miles, when the windings of the Rhine are not taken into account—is more assailable. The Federal army would be insufficient to defend all the points at which the Rhine an be crowed ; and tho Swiss hays no strong fortresses. The towns of Schaffhausen and Basle could offer no protracted resistance, and the volleyed the Aar and Limmat, which open upon the Rhine from the south, constitute the most awes. Bible portico of Swi:surtand. Bat to oompeneste for these disadvantages under which the Swiss would be placed when assailed from the north, the Rhine frontier is that upon which the whole available forces of the Confederation can be most easily eonoentrated. The distance between Basle and Schaffhausen, as has already been °barred, is little more than forty English miles. Berne, the seat of the Central Government, is situated about fifty Eog.ish miles to the north of Basle, and about seventy to the north west of Schaffhausen. With the exception of the Orisons and Ticino, all the PUP. teas have easy communication with this frontier. The districts of the Rhone and Lake Leman have moms to it across the comparatively inconsiderable heights to the north of the lake; and all the other cantons are a series of valleys radiating from the Rhine frontier u from sceptre. Tull conformation of the whole country is such am to facilitate the move ment of an army, with all the necessary matiria, to the frontier, to encounter so invading force and its telling back with all its stereo, and scattering through the various valleys to prolong a desultory and harming guerilla war fare with the hued. re, should it prove unequal to the >•eeting them in the open field. And the central position of Berne would enable the Government to have its eyes and its buds at once oa every part of the territory. Nor wool it be in the power of Prussia to shut oat the Swiss from external aid. There it an excellent understanding between the, Ht Ivet'c snd the S udinian Governments; and Count CATOUIt is well INV._ re that the caws of Switzerland ' Is the olio.. of P0t:m.30% Throughout the war Chum csou'd bo the se4p)rt of the Helvetic Confede ration. It is clear from thole cotliderations that if the Swiss authorities are men adequate to the emergency, Switzerland is not so unequally matched against Prussia, for a defensive warfare, u would at first sight appear. Much would depend, no doubt, upon the personal character of the armies and general opposed $ each other. The general impression seems to be Nat the Prussians are better drilled foe combined pavements, but that the individual Swiss soldier is superior to the Prussian. Again, it is alleged that the Swiss generals are abler men than the Prussian, but that the regimental officers in the Prussian army understand the handling of their men letter than the Swiss regimental officers. list the test of a Commander-in Chiers capacity is the ability he shows to understand the character of his army, and to adapt his tactics to that character. It will bo the business of the Swiss generals to embrace that strategy which will enable them to make the good qualities of their troops tell with most 'fleet against the enemy. MO thing is certain, that if the Swiss can bide the brunt of the first onset of the Preasians, they need have no feu of a protracted war. The ele ments of discontent and disaffection smoulder ieg beneath the surface of European society make ell the Continental Governments look forward with apprehension to a war in the very centre of Europe. These apprehensions are well founded. If the war in Switzerland last for three months there will certainly be insurrections in Italy and Hougary, and probably disturbances, more or less serious, in Germany and France. If the Swiss are true to themselves they will find effective allies in every part of lb* continent—men who will dis tract the attention and paralyse the efforts of the invader, by cutting oat work for them in other quarters. And if ever men had a cause capable of awaking all their best energies, it is that for which the Swiss are called upon to do battle. The demand of the Bing of PRUSSIA, that they shall allow the conspirators of Neufchatel to escape with out trial, is simply a demand that they shall hold oat to all privy conspiracy and rebellion" the prospect of impunity in all time coming. If that demand is complied with, the maintenance of law and order will henceforth be impossible is Switzerland. It is not impossible that the King of Passau, who hue graduated in the Russian school, may contem plate no more than securing a " mate rial guarantee," by taking military occupation for an indefinite period of the canton of Schaffhausen and the town of Basle. But such a barefaced act of plunder would bring him at once into collision with Anstria and Bavaria, whose commercial interest, would be thereby injured, and eventually with Franco, which could not regard the permanent military occupation of Basle by the Prus sians with a favourable eye. Louis NAPOLEON may court the " legitimate " despots, but he knows he cannot trust them. Since Wednesday last, when we drew attention to certain features warreatiog the hope of an easier Money Market, the mercantile community have wit nested with satisfaction a reduction off per ant. in the minimum rate of the Bank of England. This measure is fully explained by the last weekly return of the Bank, which shows a further decrease of 660,9871. in the "other " securities, and an increase el 671,8051. in the stock of unemployed notes, coupled with en increase of 206,3281. in the coin and bullion. The sets reserve now approaches six millions, and the coin and bullion ten millions and three•qusetera. We attach the more importance to these changes, and to the reduction in the Bank's terms that they have occurred at a period of the year when an exceptional and transient increase in the demand for money is invariably witnessed. The settlement at the end of the year is prepared for, not only in all trading circles, wholesale and retail, but in almost every family. At no other season is so large a same of money temporarily needed for the squaring of accounts. Even firms of large capital, whe discount bills for other p►rties instead of appear. lag as borrowers themselves, make a practice of collecting a good balance at their bankers' at the end of the year. In lace of these considerations, the rapidity with which tulle have " run off" at the Bank is a good sign. We see it frequently stated, that "the demand at the Bank has been heavy from day to day ;" but the returns show clearly enough that the repayments to the establishment have been still heavier. The fact is that, although many dealers in money have exhibited a strong disposition to keep up the rates as long as possible, first class mereantilt houses have experienced no difficulty whatever for many weeks past in procuring accom modation in other quarters at a decided reduction from the Bank minimum. This resenting Aetna% moreover, is still presented, despite the decline of the Bank rate to 6 per cent. Really good bills can now be negotiated at 51. So long ea this is theses., the leading commercial firms of course abstain from borrowing at the Bank. There are may other mesons for believing that a further moderate decline of the rates of money cannot be long postponed. The money which is now being collected by way of preparation spinet the end of the year, will soon have performed its office, end will be released. Parties who have laid up a good store at their bankers' will be found ready i lenders. The important mercantile settlement of the 4th of January cure over, a few days will carry as to the January dividend period, when a large mass of capital will bs set afloat. nobiliary, again, will witness the diffasion of a gnat quantity of money in the shape of railwsy dividends. Meanwhile, cos- siderablii supplies of gold will is all likelihood be received from Australia and the United States; whilst the metallic requirements of the Bank of France are diminishing. All tbs., oonsiderations encourage the hope of an easier money market, u soon as the pressure incidental to the end of December shall have been got over. We are aware that a decrease in the Bank's stock of coin is to be expected in the next return, owing chiefly to the sudden and ground less run spoil some of the branch hanks is the county of Tipperary; but no importance whatever attaches to this feature, inasmuch as the demand is domestic and momentary. One of the most remarkable financial facts of the day is the refusal of the Bank of France to make the slightest conoimion to the demands of the commercial public. Whilst the Bank of England has resumed the granting of loess upon stock, and has lowered its discount charges from 7 to 6i, and from 61 to 6 per cent., the Bank of France has greatly disappointed the expectations of the public by maintaining is fell force every reettietive regulation previously adopted. There is no doubt, however, that great premiere will be brought to bear upon the manage ment; and in many quarters it is believed that same measure of relaxation will be announced almost immediately. The refusal of the Rank to discount bills having more than 80 days to run is especially felt as a grievance, and this severe rule will probably soon be rescinded. The floating supply of money in the French market will be increased by the payment of the hall-yearly dividend on the Three per Cent. Renter, which fell due yesterday, as well as by the liquidation of a great number of railway and other dividendi next month, the aggregate of which is estimated to reach eight millions sterling. It must not be forgotten, however, that the THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING. capital required in Frans for public works,. especially railways, into Ives an important and constant drain. As soon as the market shows symp tains of reviving confident*, we witnem the appear mu of the Rastern of Francs Railway Company as a borrower, under the direct authorisation of the Minister of Public Works, to the amount of upwards of 1,300,0001. sterling. The Western of Frump Railway Company is merely awaiting a favour able opportunity for announcing an operation on a similar male of mag nitude; and the report rem ntly issued by M. Rotraza proves that the demand for railway purposes will con tinue large throughout the year 1867. Moreover, the last State loan will not be fully paid up until Feb ruary and the engagements of French capitalists in Autris, Spaio, and other quarters, are very large. As some of their engagements expire, others are freely embarked in : thus the most recent advice. from Madrid announce that M. Mim s and the financial party with which he is allied, have undertaken to supply the Spanish Government with no lees than three millions in cuh. These details are of interest be- MAN the Punch money market usually exercises an important influence upon our own. Considering the extent of thedemands upon Frame, in the liquidationot which we shall be called upon to 'edit her with our capital ; and looking also at the requirements of other states, including Turkey and Russia ; there is no encouragement whatever for the belief that foto rates of money will be attained here. As soon as ' the value of money in our market descends to a mode rate level the foreigner will be very anxious to relieve us of a portion of our surplus. The number of new projects ready to be launched as soon as the market resumes a promising aspect is something wonderful ; and this feet should induce the public to exercise greet discrimination and auction. Bat of the various ;fiancee which, though insufficient to prevent a reduction of our recent high rates of discount, will tend to support them at a pretty high level, one of the most powerful is the demand for silver for the East. Despite occasional checks, the efflux has coa -1 tinned at an unusually rapid rate throughout the year, and at the present moment the buyers on Indian account are as ready to absorb silver as ever. So long as the outflow of silver conti•uss thus heavy, necessitating the transmission of gold to the Continent in payment, we must expect moderately high rates of discount. Six per cent., however, is an •nuenally high figure for this market, and • reduc tion may be anticipated at &nearly date. A PROPHECY OF 1819. The same of Is put sad goes, O'er the throe freedom of the groaning globe; Vseles is washed, sad Holland deigns to own ♦ sceptre, and sedum the gargle robe. If t►e free ilwitser y.t bestrides alone Hie &taigas mountains, 'tie bet for a este, For tyraany of late is essalag grows, And la its own good Nem tramples Owe The verities of oar sass. Byron'. 01. lo Vail* Vbe Court. WINDSOR, Deo. 22. The Qtaten and Prinoe Albert walked in the Howe Para this meriting. The release - Evil and the Primes Alio rode es hornbook. The younger royal children took their areal exude'. A deputation, consisting of Mr. Thweitee fchairmaa of the Metropolitan Board of Works), with Mr. Woolipah (dirk of the board) and Mr. Beaelgette (annum of the beard), had ma hatorview with the Right ilea. Sir Beajanda Rail, at She Ono* of Weeks. W6G•6.11. 7 sotowioy. to oallomtit. approval or the First Cola — addloWee of her Ka: jesty'sWorits, the plan of intereeptlog droop approved by the bosrd. - Deopetabel from the Governor et Ceneda were resolved yesterday Glebe Colonial-dies. DEPARTURE OF PRINCE FREDERICK WILLIAM FROM PARIS. Prince Frederick William of Prussia left Paris on &today eight at tweaty =Mates to eleven by a speedal mein oa the Strasburg Railway. Hie Royal Higbee.. wasp accompanied by Prince Napoleon to the terodaar, when the prefects of the Seize and of police, several high authorities, and some of the dir.ctors of the eatapeay were assembled. After Wang leave of the pusses a..em• bled, the Prince entered tire railway carriage, sad the tre/a took its depattore. The *Seers of the imperiel brae bold attached to the Priaces person aceeaspeay him to Stresbarg. From that city his Royal Highness proceeds to Baden to visit the Prisms Louis% ►is sister, who has lately bees atertied to the Gread Due. His Regal Highness the Doke of Cambridge left 13t. Jailles Palette yesterday for !brakelepperk, wet Uxbridge, the seat et Mr. Clarke, when the Marquis of Doman soda what party were to meet his royal high awe. Is the evening the royal duke Mood with the Ma ggie of Dosegall at Handeld-plies. The Marquis and Marchioness of Exeter will re• wive a soomelea of visitors dating the onsets( month, at Beretley flow, em Stamford. . . The /al Sad Countess of Jersey are entertaining s select Mode at Middleton Ptak, Ozon. Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston are reoeisiog a offset circle of Milton at Broadlsaes, our Rsvaser Hum. Lord Stanley, M.P., hu joined the family circle stayieg with the Earl and Couto' of Derby, at Knowsley, Lermalre. We read in the South Easter* Gaugto that silica the Lord Chancellor, h►ving parchmed the estate of Kid well, has become, daring the vendee% • resident in Kant, it has been suggested that the Kentish Written sad solicitors should *sprees their ratisfeatioa at this street by Mottles his lordship to a publis dieser. We wader• stand that the subject was mentioned a few days age to Lord Cranworth, whose answer was such that Mans will shortly be taken le give effort to this suggestb•. The projected dinner will take place is Castarbury. Sir Edward Daring, one of the members for But Beat, has Issued as address to his constituents, is which he says, " It is with feelings of Meson regret that I have to inform you that the state et my health will prevent ma from attending to my parliamentary duties daring the early pert of the approashieg eerie.. My medical advisers have neemesanded me to seek a warmer climate until the Geld wintla of spring have pawed away, and I am, therefore, oa the point of embarking for Egypt." The Kentish Gazette, adverting to this address, observes that " all those who have lately sees Sir Edward, have bees struck with hie altered &sputum'. lie Is suffering (rem ea attack la his windpipe sad throat, and his medical mem THOMMIPZi his visiting a warmer climate until the spring. One of &r Edward'. friends will accompany him, and we are spite sue the 'looters of East Rent will readily swept the apology he offers for hie temporary abeam from his perils =eatery ditties, sad will rejoins to see him return with re newed health and strength." The South &idols Gavotte regrets that the Deaa of Csatarbory, who wee taken 'patchier a fortnight tint*, stUi tarring la a VW, precarious candler'. The Essex Herald has reason to b3liere that the whole of the foreign legions will mate to exist by the 15th January next. Colonel Percival, who has commended the Gerona Legion lino the departure of General Heron von enatterheim with the volunteers Cm the Cape of Good Hope, Lieutenant-Colonel Bathurst, in command of the 6th liegisent, and Major Enemies, the Assistant Adj Mot- General, have left Colchester; Captain Stsinfortb. late Brigadedffiejor, bee ►een left in chirps of the sick and others remaining at the cusp. Dr. Freund, Inspeatnr- I of Hospitals, bas been succeeded as the principal medical officer by Dr. Taylor, etaff•eargeoa of the first class. 23, 1856. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. CYZON WI owl PARIS, MONDAY Remiss. contains an article defending the mote published in the Meal lmer spinet the attach of the " foreign" (meaning the English) - _ journals. Bach, at lead. is the oetewable object of the article. Bet it seems intended quite u much to _ . mitigate the bad effect which the manifesto of the Monifeer has produced upon pnblioopinion in Frain* as to reply to foreign alit:Wein. The Constitutionals! represents that the conflict is not so mach be tween the cabinet of Berlin and the He'relic Confederation as between the King of Prussia and the Federal Council, which it would have it supposed does not represent the Swiss nation. This distinction between a nation and its government, I may remark in passing, is the very one which the French ministerial prints always protest against most furiously wh it is hinted that the govern ment of the coup d'etat may not always faithfully reflect the deliberate opinions of the French people. However, the Mon few doctrines anent this very affair of Neufchatel only add one more instance to many others to show how deeply the policy of the Tuileries is imbued with the spirit of the celebrated Hudibrastio cosplet setting forth how there is one law for the saints and another for the wicked. The Coisstiltdioniwi, wishing to insinuate a contradiction to the notion encouraged by the legitimist journals that France means to take this opportunity to join in crushing demo:racy in Switzerland, says that the "government of the Emperor most and doss keep watch that no ulterior event shall affect in the slightest degree the position of independence and neutrality granted to the Helve tic Confederation." But if this assurance is of any vans it amounts to a confession that the Moteifeur said what it did not mean. For the Moisiteur clearly gave oat that, in consequence of the obstinacy of "demagogic" Switzerland, the French government , withdrew it , " good will," washed its hands of the business, and left events to take their course. This meant, if it meant anything at all, that for anything France would do the Xing of Prussia was quits free to carry oat his project of invasion. The article was understood by all Europe to mean at least that. This evening's Prune, notwithstanding the great difficulty of publishing anything in Franco, in opposi tion to the Moaiteur, says: To whoa is the utak of the Mostlour Wafted ?—to those who have engprated the import of the °Zeal note or to thaw who have matted its publication ? To both parties probably, but more especially to the Int. We know that the organs of the retrograde party base taken advan tage of the note in the Montrar to represent It otherwiso than what it is, viz., a simple declaration of neutrality. They have professed to ea in it a dalarstion of war, and one journal has pas so far as to agnate that no scrap smut sea be made so long as the proaat political orgutise ' ties &aim In Switzerland. We sweet that the priaeipul object at the Caltreirlaatna I. SO threw a little cold water upon this exultation. Bat its 'Aisle appears to us to be open to store than one objestion, and we shall return to the subject, contesting onnoshas with observing now that the distinction drawn between Switzerland and its government appears to be utterly unfounded. . _ . • The Proud may well nay that the Constitutions.: article is open to objection, for it dose, in fact, threaten the very interference to pat down " dema gogy" which the Assombies clamoromly seta for. ' It nye : Br; at this momnt, the fadepeadesee fad seetsallty of Switzerland are not meneeed by the ring of Fred., bet by the carnet of demagogical passiona which strive to dreg the aatioa after the government into • fatal path. Here lies, la fact, the real danger for the indepeadense and neu trality of the Helvetia Confederation ; for it is In becoming • perpetual lever of Galatia& that Switzerland may awaken the fears sad svelte the diseoateat of the Powers which sorrow' her. Thew rowers eau miner hair that • Ration, placed by trestles seder the protection of the great mo ns:skim of Ike Coatlneat.shoald maintain on their frontiers the elemeats of disorder which are always ready to food meareltical passions fa all Europe. They weed be called spot by their own secuity to satiapieh a permanent hot bed of revolution from which sparks may lane to their own prtiattioe. It ls then that the independence and neutrality of Switmrlaud would beer the danger of perishing, of being saarileed to the proservatioa of Emma order- Pratios resist protect this independence sad this ant:ratty better than by deft:nisi the etre•gth and by raining the hopes of demagogy, their real enemy. . The partisans Of government here hug themselves with the belief that Switzerland may be bullied into giving way. They openly my that when she seer Prussia is in earnest, and mains to demand twenty millions of thetas for the expensed, of the war, the Swiss. who are a "calculating people," will yield. I am fully persuaded that this ignoble supposition will be signally belied by the fact, and when the win breaks out, I entirely disbelieve that the French Em purse will be on the watch to protect, at least in any good sense, the neutrality of the Helvetia Conti Se ration. There is nothing very new to-day on the subject of the Conferences. A telegraphic despatch from Mar• mi►ks, announcing the arrival there yesterday el Reschicl Paella's son. says he has brought lustros. Lions "relative" to the Conferences. That is hardly the expression which would have been used bad bt wee with definitive instructions to consent at one: to their being opened. A letter from Vienna, in the Pod Ampt Galata, says : The Ports has presented a note to oar cabinet, in which it declares is the strongest simian against the territorial sompensatioa demanded by Russia for the abandonment ci Bolgrad, and In particular ISMS that it will not coment to any indemnity preladisial to the interests of Turkey. It le said that the journey to Paris of Gludib Paehe, son of Ewald, is connected with We protest; and that Gbalib b moreover charged to ezplais to the French cabinet the mo tives which led the Porte to authorise the English fleet to winter at Binope. The Bonne hu again been heavy to-day, and the fall progresses. The Rents fell 25e. for cash, end 15e. for account, closing at 66fr. 25a. and 66fr. 652. Bank of France fell 60k., and Mobilise 301 r. Railways were all lower. Orleans fell 10k., Lyons 15fr., Mediterranean 15k., and other lines from Mr. to 101 r. The payment of en entrance fee at the Bourse has it appears, been positively decided on, workmen having been engaged on Saturday in putting up the turnstiles by which the receipts are to be checked, The entrance is to be lfr. each person, or 150 f- the year by subscription, for the hours from one to three. From three to five the charge is to be 500. The Mossitsur of yesterday contains a report of M. Foetid, the Minister of Finance, upon the budget of the civil list for the year 1857. lie comments upon the extraordinary circumstances of the past year, which occasioned the disbursement of large sums in charity and acts of munificence ; and, observing that this unforeseen expenditure has absorbed the whole of the surplus which remained from the civil list of the previous year, he recommends the Emperor to restrain his liberality within the limita of prudence for the future. The Pays explains that the publication in the Moisiteur of M. Fould's report is called for by " false assertions," repeatedly made in foreign journals, to the effect that the Emperor's civil list was burdened with debt, and that he had even dipped into the public treasury to provide for his liberali- ties. The Pays insists that according to well reta blWhed rules for keeping the public accoutre, it is quite impossible that any malversation of public money can take place in France. Accounts from Cayenne of the 13th of November announce that a convention has been concluded 1 between the French authorities and a French steam company, for the introduction into French Guyana of from 600 to 600 Chinese emigrants. The conven• tion is published in the official journal of the colony. The quarterly drawing of the bonds of the Credit Foncier took place yesterday at the offices of the company. No. 149,413 pined 100,000 fr.; No. 193,747, 60,000 fr.; No. 158,529, 40,0001 r.; No. 164,311, 30,000 fr.; No. 192,744, 20,000 fr.; No. 95,442, 10,000 fr.; Noe. 105 ,473, 99,976, 129,629, 10,099, 120,477,101,018, 78,036, and 122,561, 5,0001 r. each. The Paris corn-market continues inanimate, and prices remain very nearly u they were. Excellent flour can be had at from 78fr. to 801 r. the 159 klieg., and the feeling is increasing that lower prices must be quoted before long. The reserve has some what increased in Paris, being at present above 10,000 metrioal quintals. Wheat wee more offered during the past week than for some time past, and prices have fallen between 50e. and lfr. Bomo very fine samples obtained 45fr. the 120 klieg., but secondary qualities did not bring more than 42fr. and 43fr., end inferior kind', 39fr. and 40fr. The quota tions of the country markets round Paris have all arrived with lower prices. SWEDEN. (nor Otri OWX STOCKHOLM, Dic. 14. The King has promoted Lient..C,olonei formerly one of his aides.de.camp and late chief editor of the &Altaic° Tidning, to be the head of the topc graphical department in the war office, with the rank of full colonel in the army. Great stress is laid here on the appointment of Admiral Virgin u Swedish envoy in extraordinary mission to the Danish court. . . . 1 Amongst the alterations proposed to be made in our constitution is that of concentrating the debates in the Storthing in one general assembly, instead of each of the four estates (nobles, clergy, burghers and peasants) deliberating in separate apartments u hitherto. The proposal seems to meet with general approbation, and to be considered an improvement. The report of the committee is also quite in favour of the alteration. (PROM OUR Owx BERLIN, Dzc. 20. Reports having been circulated that the troops designated to take part in the forthcoming ezpeditioa to Switzerland are to consist of the 3rd, 4th, 13th, and 7th army corps, I think it right to inform you that this is quite incorrect, for according to the latest arrangements each of the eight army corps of Prussia is to tarnish two divisions, so as to permit the whole of the Prussian army to be represented by a part of each corps. The numerical strength of this army of op3ration will be 135,000 men. It is stated here with confidence that Prance his undertaken to march as army towards Switzerland and occupy the fron tiers, to prevent the spread of revolutionary prin ciple,. The letter received here to-day from Bt. Peters burg confirm the intelligenoe, already mentioned u a vague report, that Russia is really concentrating large bodies of troops on the Persian frontiers, and mention particularly the great activity going on in the naval department for the purpose of putting the fleet in the Caspian Sea in a state to be prepared for anything that may happen. PRUSSIA AND SWITZERLAND. - PREPA. RATIONS FOR WAR. A letter from Berne, of Dec. 18, in the Independanee Beige, speaks es follows: .6 We can no longer allow ourselves to indulge in any illusion ; if we are not actually at war, we have now at all events all the precursory signs of it. The attitude of the French government singularly com plicates and aggravates the situation of affairs which engages exclusively the attention of us all. The article in the Moniteur, which every one has read and pondered on, will in no respect change the determine. lion of the Federal government, unless it be in con sequence of it that the government is about to con voke the chambers immediately, for the purpose of Plying the state of things before them, and getting beta to ratify such preliminary measures as it shall teem expedient to adopt. It is on the 27th of December that the Federal Assembly is to meet. The Federal government, moreover, use just urgently invited all the cantons :o fill up the rank. without delay, and complete the quipments not only of the troops selected for the field but also of the reserve and the militia or land- Rehr. Apart from these measures, and doubtless with a view to show that the warlike manifestations made against us will only render it the more incum bent upon the Federal government to expedite the pleading trial, three Federal magistrates—M. Amiet, hs Attorney-General; M. Martin, the attorney of the district and public prosecutor; and M. Zen &Moen, president of the criminal ohamber—pro oe.ded this day to Neufchatel for the purpose of ognifying to the prisoners the decree of the Cnamber at Accusation in what concerns each of them indivi litany, and of going through the preliminary Normalities which must precede the holding of the Federal assizes. " Amidst the critical in which the ..ionntry is placed, the Swiss army hu just inclined a mat lass by the death of the Federal Colonel Rilliet 4e Constant, inspector•general of cavalry, and for merly an officer of the Empire; be commanded at the time of the Sonderbund the division that took Fri bourg. As a compensation for this, M. de Lentalus, a member of one of the oldut patrician families of Berne, and formerly a superior officer in the service of the Pope, at present comptroller of one of the Federal tax districts, has offered his services to the military department, which lost no time in accepting them. _ Th. ambassadors and ministers accredited to the Diet I1;4 all called to day at the Brlach Hotel, where the Federal government holds its sittings." A Berlin letter of the 17th in Le Nord says: Some of the German papers speak of a loan which would t 3 raised by the Prussian government to provide for the expenses of the expedition against Switzerland. There is no idea of such a loan being , raised at present, for the Minister of War still has at his disposal twelve millions of dollars which are left of the loan of thirty millions, and that reserve will be sufficient for a three months' campaign. If, however, the war should continue longer than that time, the government would only have to propose a loan adequate to the requirements of the War Department, and it is certain that the loan would be subscribed within twenty-four hours." It is stated that the Prussian Cabinet on the 16th awn to very important resolutions of a warlike cha racter, and that General Groben was nominated Commander-in• Chief of the expeditionary corps. This statement probably is a premature one; the late Minister of War, General von Bonin, at present Governor of Msyence, has been mentioned as most likely to command the expedition. A Berlin correspondent of the Times, writing on Saturday lest, confirms the statements already made, that military preparations are actively going on io Prussia, and adds the following particulars: "In the Ministry of War everything is ready to put the troops in motion at a tew minutes' notice; the march routes are made out, the halting stations fixed, the supplies at hand, and nothing is wanting but the royal order. The entire force that will be set in motion will amount to four corps d'armee, about 120,000 men. In consequence of the recent return to the old military arrangement of the privates wring their full threeyears instead of a year and a half, se it had practically become of late, the regiments are now at their full peace strergth, , and should the reit ryes be called out they will be , Ist their full war strengt h. It is not e asy to aecertain which troops will b' employed : one naturally a.autnea that the 7:h and 6'h, the two corps d'artaccd of the Rhenish provinces and Wes , phslia, with their tend wt-hr. makinir op the whole force to the stretig?h of lour corps dames, will be set in mo:iuu, end their photo in their tonal station be supplied by other troops drawn from the central provinces, and they again be replaced partially by troops from the camera provinces. This, I believe, will be the course adopted, as admitting of the greatest expedition and facility of movement. I am, however, told that the Rhenish and Westphalian corps d 'armee will be left at their present stations, and the troops employed for the occupation be selected from the rest of the army. The consideration that would recommend this latter plan is, that the hardships or the glory would thus be more equally distributed over the w hole army, and the whole amount of injury and impoverishment attendant on the calling out ot the reserves and the landwehr would not fall on the Rhenish provinces and Westphalia alone." The latest intelligence from Berne states that on Saturday M. de Salignac Fenelon, French minister in Switzerland, announced to the President of the Federal Council the intentions of the French govern. ment, adding that " Switzerland bad only to decide on war, as Prussia was determined to enforce her rights." A Paris correspondent of Le Nord says that, on the day of the publication of the Moniteur article upon the Neufchatel affair, the Swiss charge d'sffsires at Paris, Colonel Barman°, hastened to Count Wajewski to ask for an explanation of it. The French Minister replied that he could only repeat the warnings which the Moniteur had given, and that he begged Colonel Barmann to convince the Federal Directory that they could by no means reckon upon any aid from France. The Swiss minis. ter began to speak of the sympathy which England and Austria felt for his country, to which Count Waleweki replied, " Very well; you will see how much assistance may be expected from either of them." It would have been safer and more prudent, remarks the correspondent, for the Helvetic Confede- ration not to have despised the support of France. A Paris letter in Le Nord affirms as positive that Prussia has already obtained the authorisation of Wurtemburg and ot Baden for her troops to pus through those states, in order to take military posses. sion of Schaffhausen It is not necessary to have that authorisation further confirmed by the Diet— in the first place, because Prussia acts in her own personal name; and next, because she has already received the approbation of that bcdy. The Anklage-Kammer, or court of preliminary investigation, at Berne, found biile of indictment against 66 of the accused conspirators, on the 16th; 14 others were placed in the second category, that of those whose cues are to be reserved ; and two of them—namely, Count Pourtales Gorgier, and M. Perrot, the advocate, formerly president of the Stadtrath of Neufchatel—were acquitted. Several others were conditionally liberated on bail : namely, Heinrich von Rougemont, Edward von Pourtales Pury, and Augustus de Montemolin, each of whom was to find bail to the amount of 50,000 francs; Karl Friedrich Sanvin, a clergyman, and Philip Grevillat, to find bail each for 600 francs; and Carl Augusta. Matthey do l'Etting, a member of the Federal Council, placed in the second category of those whose cues are reserved, was released with out bail. This second category includes all who only took a subordinate part in the insurrection, to the number of several hundred persona. Colonel Denzler, who is in command of the Federal troop. which occupy Neufchatel, has written to the Swiss representative at Paris a complete denial of the statements of the Assemblje Nationale about the oppressed condition of the inhabitants of that canton. The Neufchatel prisoners have also, without exception, testified to the humane and considerate treatment they have experienced. A civic guard is about to be formed in Neufchatel, that the Federal troops may be withdrawn. With regard to the condition of the prince's themselves, an officer of the garrison writes on the 9th inst.: "We have had kautitul weather here for some days past, and the prisoners themselves appear to enjoy it, for on Saturday afternomand again yesterday, they were out in ti.e gardens and upon the terraces which adjoin their prison, and which command a splendid view of the lake and the neigh bouring scenery. Beneath them, in the road which panes directly in front of the terraces towards Ser ridres, they could see a stream of passengers go by, and many a friend or relative of those confined sere might be observed in passing to look up eagerly towards them. Sunday was the great visiting day, and the prisoners, therefore, instead,of taking the air in the gardens, remained in their cells during the after noon to receive their friends, who were admitted without exception, and without any ticket or special order being required. They came in crowds from 2 o'clock till 4, each bringing a little parcel, a basket, a fink, or a bundle of cigars to comfort his impri soned friend." MILITARY STATISTICS OF SWITZERLAND. We read in the Monitorr de l'Armle "The strong interest which seems to have been awakened in the affair of Neufchatel renders it very desirable that, at the present time, the situation of that part of Switzerland, in a military point of view, should be correctly understood. "The canton of Neufchatel has formed, since 1815, the 22nd canton of the Helvetic Confederation. It is situated between France, the canton of Vaud, and that of Berne. Its population amounts to about 60,000 souls, and its area to 725 square kilometres. It consists of the so-called Principality of Neufchatel proper, and of the county of Valangin. The public are now acquainted with its political organisation, and with the causes that have given rite to the present difficulties, upon which it would be needless for us to ▪ large. "By the term' of the federal compact, each canton of Switzerland is bound to furnish to the army contingent proportioned to its population. In case of war, the aggregate numerical strength of these erowtingents is 33,75 S men, who form part of the first levy ; in this particular instance, the quota due from the canton of Neufchatel is 960 men, of whom 734 are for the infantry. "Independently of the troops composing the first levy, the federal army has a reserve of the same numerical strength, which, in the crest of a serious emergency, would raise the forces of the Confedera tion to 67,515 combatants, non including the lied wehr or militia, which coneiete of all the men capable of bearing arms, who belong neither to the contingent nor the reserve. "The Swiss are brave and intelligent, be t, notwith• standing their merits, we must not shut our eyes to what is the real strength of an army constituted like theirs, comprising as it does men with families, men taken from their business or work, and who do not possess, like the soldiers of permanent and regular armies, the instruction or the habits acquired le mile tary life. "Nevertheless, it is necessary to take into account the patriotic sentiment, the profound devotion to the independence of his native land, to which the Swiss in every age has been indebted for seceders other. wise hopeless. "In fine, looking at its actual condit:on, the Ileb eetic army it fully adequate to maintain otd:.l;iiiaia the sphere of the Confederation, and to cause the federal pact and the laws of the country to be every where respected ; but, abandoned to itself, it wcuid evidently not be able to sustain a serious contest against one of the great military powers of Europe. " When Switzerland is engaged in any military contest, the Diet forms the supreme military attar). city. It is that body which publishes military orders, determines the general organisation of the army, calls the citizens to arms, and appoints the general commanding in chief, the quartermseer general, and the commissary -general. It presides over the instruction of both cfficers and men, as well as the purchase and custody of the munitions of war. I " The general commanding in chief rencives from the Diet his instructions and powers, and lie &Ia:YU responsible for his acts. Ilia etfice may in no cue eontiuue longer than the dorsi ion of the term for which the forces are embodied. "The canton of Neufchatel, protected by the lab of the same name, which extends from Yverdon towards the north east aster as Saint Baia, over ati extent of nearly 32 kilometres, with an war breadth of 7 kilometre a, is accessible tbrouith thi canton of Vaud and that of Berne, and the i notia• tains of the J era chain, which tri.versc thkee district.. contain many defiles of a t acre gree:y to sea the defence. " The city of Nenrcliecl, the chief town of is principality ana the seat of :its governur.,t, lies clan I