The Express. — London, England, 1852-08-17 00:00:00

rßovEss()lt muspRATT to Mr. ALLSOPP. "I uts earefeay analysed maples of yew Alan and lthd t they du out contain • rankle ti say injurious ottrtaace. I old 11071 , mtly h. , ' semi your Ak. Re you a. and • ith per!ect eunharnee Shiba* purity. I Imuir 1b.,: Pale Al., ',mimed se la your brewer', 'Mier etlentile marettllawee, contain. a Iltge quantity ..1 sairtilon bustler ; ac I the b.f., by its um.. vt.rt11.... ROO. • healthy tune to the et own. 8 I MD tY. MUNPRATT. F.R.h.h , "Mender of the Royal Ida Academy, had of k noddle u'fteestapntent. . Coll, de at Chetaietry, LlveritW." A s I s.. ..L . ti . OPP'S PALE or BITTER ALE may be inboard fa aria of In gallant awl upward. tram the Brew•ee, Trent; ad from tit uradureseilreld limed E.tob...h. LONDON at SI, Mae WllltainatrolL City. LIVERPOOL Al A NC111617.11 at Iluels.plais. UU I ,LEY OLA•GOW ....... 14111 LIN NI am ND U .01 ... la either of • Inch Sam a RR Idreagetuible partite .he PIMA? the hew la bottle* (an/ also In salt a at the sore pekes as from the Rintway) ray st any dee he met. Male Zitt Crortoo. TO CUR KESPON DIM TO. • NOM . lAD '4ll • I" TM Espers," onninualat •Ins was minplep "otnnte,"b puotilibni wiry Tuesday and VrAlry 8104 .a Luna dr Inv • adstall..-.trata:nisoled fun " IT. Eapros,"l.4eios Evening plot, L. a al we Oar" 10. Ikneera..tratt, Vy Two o'skok on .1.. k lay at put,,,ntios. fliwi WATIO AT LONDON BRIDGE IL. M.—Manned. SL As. .A/AmisaL T.,-Aeausi•—)lorries. 3n to Allerssok LONDON, 11 - ESD.IY, .41"GLIST 17. Ws hear on all hands, and from every quarter of a scarcity of labour for harvest purposes. So great, indeed, is the scarcity in the vicinity of the residence of that eminent Protectionist. the Duke of lticianoxii, that the farmers of West Sussex have actually sought and procured assistance from the regiment of Fusilier Guaids stationed at Chichester, there realising, under free-trade auspices the Arcadian bliss of converting the sword into *sickle, and giving the stalwart heroes of that corps better occupation than philandering with the handmaidens of the episcopal city. This scarcity is, no doubt, partly caused by the very general ripening of the crop, this harvest, at one and the same time, and by the fears and ap prehensions consequent on the present capricious and sulky weather, which has already led, we are assured, to the transmission of large orders for grain to the Black Sea, the north of Europe, and America. But, after making every allowance for this cause, it is clearly insufficient to account entirely for the scarcity of agricultural labour. To it must be added the great stream of emigration to Australia, so rapidly diminishing our population, and the diversion of hands from agriculture to other more profitable pursuits consequent on the rise of wages in the manufactures of the country. For, concurrently with freedom of trade and increase in our exports, one very remarkable and encouraging change is to be observed in our great towns. Blessed with cheap provisions for their families, and with plenty of work for their husbands, wives there have become more domestic in their habits, and are now able to bestow on the nurture of their children that time which, under legislative dearness and man made scarcity, they were compelled to peas in facto ries; and young girls are consequently being more and more reared to their proper and appropriate spheres in social life. Whilst provisions have fallen in price under the influence of free trade, the wages of labour have everywhere risen. With cheap food workpeople are is great demand, and their labour is worth fall 13 per cent. more than it ever was when protected by bad laws. And so far from industry being at the mercy of capital, the very reverse has now become the more reasonable apprehension ; capital is likely to be henceforth very much under the influence of industry. 'thus signally arc being disproved by facts patent and notorious to every one, the selfish anticipations and alarming prophecies of monopoly. Indeed the only probable check to this prosperity is a rise in the pyre • o grain consequent on the partial injury in quality which it 1111 now too clear our crops have suffered. It is not, however, to speculate on the abuses of the corn trade that we have noticed this general scarcity of labour; but for the more immediately practi cal purpose of pointing out what its effect may be on the enlistments fur the militia, for which the prelimi nary arrangements are now everywhere in progresr. If the farmers about Goodwood are compelled to seek volunteers from the Soots Fusilier Guards in Chichtster Barracks for their cornfields, what pro bability is there that the Lieutenancy of Sussex will be able to find volunteers from amongst the agri cultural labourers so well employed? If, in the great towns, our manufacturers are short of hands, and looking about in all quarters for additional labour, what chance is there that the towns will voluntarily swell the ranks of this bERBY militia? These are questions the government, it is more than probable, will shortly have to consider very seriously. Already symptoms that the bounty system will not work very well may be noticed. At the lieutenancy meeting the other day for the county of Durham, Lord LONDON DIME( praid . log and the Duke of CLEVELAND attending, it was gravely proposed that the rural polioe should be made to canvass for volunteers, just as in France during the recent elections to the Councils General, the rural guards and communal road makers have been made to do similar duty for the government candidates. What is this but evi dence that pressure must be put on the rural popula tion of Durham to seduce them into taking the bounty and becoming sham soldiers? But any such leaf u this taken by Lord LONDONDERRY out of the book of Ilan Prince, who, forgetful of the gaieties of Holdernesse House and the hospitality of Wyn leard, in his new-born greatness w il l not notice the tters of the honourable owner, must be re sisted. To let loose the ordinary recruiting service on country fairs and wakes is bad and demoralising enough ; but to turn the police of the kingdom into an agency to work out a bad militia law, which we were told - would work itself, is entirely..to pervert that force from its propere repression, and detection, and p unishment of crime. his to mix up two administrations which in England our na tional policy has always kept separate and distinct. The lieutenancies of counties have no power, as such, over their police. Their commissions as de puty. lieutenants are distinct and different from com missions of the peace. They an not under the con trol of the Castos Rotolorum and the Loan CRAM:ELI/a, but under the direction of the Lord Lieutenant and the War Office. They have no more to do with the administration of justice, or the command of the police than any other ratepayers in their districts. And for the deputy lieutenants to resort to the rural police to beat up for volunteers is wholly illegal. The police are not bound, and ought not, to obey any such directions. And if the deputy-lieutenants in their characters as justices of the pew, make any such order on the police, they will confound attributes and powers which the laws have intentionally and usefully se parated. But only consider being obliged to think of calling ID the aid of the police to get volunteers tee the militia, who, Parliament was assured, would rash to take the bounty ! It would be popular in the provinces we were told. Is this evidence of popularity ? No, no; it is not popular ; and that these lieutenancy meetings ere Gaffing out. From every agricultural district news are coming in to held-qoarters that the bounty will sot attract volunteers. And why should it If Gem servants me in demand, at fair wages, it is sot desirable that they should be taken away from agri cutters] hiboar—have all their ordinary habits, thoughts, and pursuits disturbed---and, in all proba bility, be demoralised, be being three weeks pent up in low public-houses.. For our parts, we shall be rejoiced to hear that they have became so intelligent, as not to run these risks for the paltry sum of e b iLl i s s t to be spent in aarouse at the next So far as our influ ence goes, we desire to extend and encourage this feting ; and regard the beat advice' that can be given the working classes at this juncture to be—liexe our (4. Tax 'Cum. And it volunteering fail, the ballot will have to he resorted to; and then the country will learn what militia laws re. 117 mean. Before that can happen, parliament, happily, will assemble ; and one of its first duties will, it is very clear, be to reconsider this question. THERE are rumours current of acommercial treaty between France and England. The existing govern ments on both sides of the Channel have a common interest in the circulation of such reports aid in their being believed. Fach is impelled by as. same necessity to seek for something that may setkis sate and popular to do, out of which tlicy may make a merit though they have it not. With the Preach PRESIDENT the difficulty is to find objects of this kind sufficiently large in their aspect to occupy in succession the public mind. To remain stationary would be fatal, yet moves in any direction arc beset with difficulty and danger. The exigencies of Derbyism are not dissimilar. Not to appear willing to carry out the industrial policy on which the country has so unmistakeably set its heart,would plainly be suicidal. Yet how in the teeth of all their recent professions and protestations, to set about the task of building the buttresses and flanking towers of Peet's national monument, is a problem not easily solved. What is called " reciprocity" is one of the expedients to which gentlemen in this predicament eagerly turn. If they could only get up any sort of treaty with the United States or France, which they could make a flourish with, under the plea of carrying into effect the principle of reci procity, Mr. IltsttAeu would coolly affect next ses sion to have done more in favour of Free Trade than ull his predecessors; and Mr. HENLEY would under take to prove that he had never been an advocate fur restriction, but only an enemy to unrequited con cessions in commerce, which, it it means anything, literally means that a great trading community ought not to buy what it wants cheap until it has persuaded its less thrifty neighbours to make as good bargains on their part also. Louis NAPOLEON has, moreover, greater induce ments of a political kind to follow this line of com mercial policy than the governments had which pre ceded him. The astute King of the Barricadesknew as well as Mr. COBDEN the solid advantages that a country derives from freedom of enterprise and im portation. There is reason fur the belief that his money-making soul often sighed for the augmented revenue and increased popularity to be attained by cheapening to the many the necessaries of life. And the unavailing regret may have frequently cut its shade over his declining days that he had not made the attempt in time. But history will candidly confess that .Louts PHILIPPE was girt round with obstacles and class interests which no constitutional Sovereign, however powerful or sagacious, can venture to disregard. The " pro tected interests" in France were said to have at all periods of his reign an overwhelming preponderance in the Legislative Chamber. With a narrow consti tuency the dominance of these monopolists seemed invincible ; and electoral reform was unhappily resisted by the distrustful Monarch until it was too late. The consequence was that throughout his long reign Louts PHILIPPE was fain to court the con fidence of the specialities of trade rather than the general contentment of industry. Louts NAPOLEON'S power owes its origin to other influences, and depends for its continuance on the forbearance of other sections of the community. So long as the army and the working classes are contented or quiescent, the President-Emperor may exile without trial, and punish without ;woof, the most distinguished, able, and virtuous questioners of his policy or riyinae : still more may he disregard in silence the ill-humour of vested interests who appre hend that, in the open war of competition with foreigners, their exclusive profits would be gone. Could the Lord of the Elysee vane a proclamation announcing to all the peasantry and ourriers of France that, by virtue of a treaty which he in his wisdom had devised, the price of every biome and shirt, of every gown and petticoat, would in future be lessened by a third or a fourth, and at the same time that the cost of every knife and spoon, every iron pot and earthenware bowl would be diminished in like proportion, there cannot be a doubt that he would accomplish a second coup detat far nobler than that of December last, and much more fruitful in its good results. The nomination of M. MICHEL CHEVALIER to a position of trust and distinction tends to confirm the impression that Loris NAPO LEON is not insensible to the advantages to be de rived from a reform of the French tariff, and that he wishes to encourage expectations of his readiness to undertake that salutary change. Far-sighted selfish ness may likewise suggest other considerations. lie must feel that the points of sympathy between his government and that of England or the United States are few in number, while from the hereditary despots of Eastern Europe he can hope for nothing beyond mute and moody toleration. Could he claim the praise of being the first to enrol France under the banner of Free Trade, he may cherish the belief that a new and strong tie of mutual amity would thereby be established with the two greatest nations of Western Christendom, and that in increased inter course with them he would find additional props for his future throne. Derbyism and despotism—that is, in other words, as much of Toryism as the two countries respectively will for the time endure—have an equal motive for patching Up what is forth-shadowed as a "reciprocity treaty." But on the English side there is one diffi culty, and that is, that the only important duties our neighbours would thank us to forego, are those on their wines and brandies; and these are precisely what a Minister sworn to raise the price of barley and hops must not think of touching. Misgivings, indeed, on this subject made themselves audible at the close of last session, and were empha tically set at rest by one of the very few plain Eng lish anis era given by our Judaism CHANCELLOR of the ExcitEeutit. He not only repudiated all in tention of reducing the fisca l charge on foreign wines and spirits, but exptessed a somewhat strong opinion that whatever taxes on consumption might hereafter be remitted, he could not think of taking off duties on the articles named. A general cheer followed the announcement ; and the guardians of hops and barley slept all the more trait quill) that night in commenced the re-assuring words. Can be already meditate unsaying them ? As for the fifteen per cent which is charged on French like and laces, that, we apprehend, there would be no hesitation in abolishing, if the French government demanded it ; but the truth is that the articles of these fabrics which are now brought into this country are chiefly sought on ac count of the novelty or beauty of their texture; they are to a considerable extent what may be termed " fancy goods" as distinguished from " which latter constitute the great bulk of what is consumed ; and from their nature they are incapable of an in definitely extended demand. On the o th er h an d, the articles on which the present high duties in France press most severely are those which, like flax-yarn, common pottery, plain cutlery, and cheap calico, fur which the augmented demand amongst a people like the French would be illimitable were their admission once made lawful at reasonable rates of charge. Willa then ? Manifestly that the right thing ought to be done by both governments without resort to any juggle about reciprocity. THE GRAND FETE AT MOENT EDOCUMBE.—ID cesierguenee of the wetness of the weather on Wednesday and Thursday, the grand fete announced to be held on those days on the beautiful grounds at Mount Ed,gesnabe, the seat of the Karl of Mount Edgewatet, near Plymouth, was postponed to Friday and Saturday. The fete was in aid of the (made of the South Devon and Rut Cornwall Hospital, the Devon and Cornwall, and the Royal British Female Orphan Asylums. On Friday the weather was tine, and many thousands limited the park, and about 9001. was realised by the payments for entrance at Is. each, and side 01 lane; and other articles by Mrs. l'ule Carew, and other I ladies, who kindly undertook the charge of the profusely famished stalls. The Roy a l Maria. and other bands were 'in attendants, and the affair was a very gay one. The showers on Saturday limited the attendance to a few hun dreds. More than a thousand persons arrived on Tuesday eight by a special trues from London, most of them no doubt intending to visit the far-fanied arum's& and gardens at Mount Educionlie on the Unwiring nay. Many hun dreds more arrived on Wednesday trout Bristol and Exeter and the nearer taigas fir the same purpose. Numb era who could not remain over Friday were obliged to return dis appointed. SOItEET OARDENS.—The pleasant routine of this at..roctive ulscr of nubile ununment was varied yesterday it 3 grand file, - held for the benefit of a society, the necessity of which recent railway accidents have sufficiently evideneed—the Railway Ouse Is' ITniversal Friendly So cifly, and Widows and Orphan.' Fund." The railway ioter, et mustered strongly oa the ...canoe, and, despite the iir.uhtfol weather, enjoyed itself in the specified manner. f mica! entertainment profit], 1 was exceedingly good. ' liottesini, Mi.. C,rety N..tt, and other artiAles hat seconling to the bid!., " in t! Pl,:iiilest manner 'wimp ' ti ered their 'invites," area annousei.went which is only to be .o..cepord as implying that those valuable undoes were gra tuitous. It is to be hoped that this exeelleat friendly so ciety has largely recruited Its haulms by the Jae. 'IIE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 17. 1852 FRANCE. - - PARIS, MONDAY RVENING. Great was the consternation of the ladies of the Halite last night on approaching the precincts where they preside daily over the sale of fruit, vegetables, and fish, but were then prepared to mummy with the light fantastic toe, all armed with bouquets and beaux, and blazing in their brightest array—great, I say, was the constemaion of these ladies to stumble upon grim lines of municipal guards, who forbade all further progress, and changing merry meetiags to stern alarunis, checked the advancing waves of thronging revellers with the dreary news that there was to be no ball for that night. In fact there appeared at nightfall on all calls, columns, and street corners, where bills arrest the public eye, the following dreary announcement : PREFECTURE OF POLICE. BALL AT TILE MARCIIII DI ISNOCINII. The violence of the wind having, is the course of the day, torn off the large canvass covering which was extended over the centre of the ball-room, the ball cannot take place this evening. The extreme violence of the wind does not allow the works required to repair this damage to ho executed with out the workmen being placed in danger of their lives. In consequence, the ball is postponed to Tuesday next, and the cards of invitation already delivered will be re ceived on that nigl t. The Parisian, who is never contented with adirect meaning, saw in this announcement the fact, indeed, conveyed distinctly enough that there was to be no ball; but the " why" was another matter. He was disposed to accept any other solution ot the adjourn ment than the one given by the placard. There was some plot. The President could not come. Nobody would admit that the canvass roof could cot have been replaced without the least danger to any human life. Many believed it had never been blown down. It must have been the workmen, who struck here, as they did in the Champs Elysivs. Having settled tho question to their own satisfaction, the badairls rambled in quest of other diversions. The poor mar ket women were in a fine fret at the loss of their sumptuous bouquets, and all the flowery decorations of the ball-room, which would of course be quite faded before Tuesday night. I believe there was hardly one of them that had not in her heart hoped for the fortune of dancing with the Rui-Presalent, as they call him. There was some talk of exclud ing all dames of halloo who were not bona fide married and could produce satisfactory certificates of the knot having been tied in a legitimate way. 'lbis raised an immense e'rneuk on the part of the demoiselles; but I know not if the arrangement has been insisted upon. Certainly the Prince, for some reason, appears popular with this female guild, pos sibly for the same reason that won the nou-commis nioned officers of Satory ; for you arc aware that he has given more than one champagne breakfast to these ladies, whose grandmothers walked with the pike and Phrygian cap to Versailles. You are aware that several ot the new five-franc pieces have been scratched and defaced, so as to render the image of Cresar less legible than the superscrilition. Use of these was presented the other day to a lady of the Halle by a servant marketing for a family of the west end. "Ah !" said the vendor of vegetables, " is it thus that you treat our good President ?" and she showed the defaced crown to a neighbour. Before change could be got quite a sensation was created at the supposed affront to the founder of the Halle& A little child who accompanied the servant' said with the utmost naireti " Papa did it," an avowal which in times like the present might have been attended with very serious consequences. The fact serves well enough to illustrate the President's popularity with the people of the Halles. The ball was not the only failure of the night. The prefect of police had issued an order to all the commissaries to send cireculars to the householders of their arrondissements, inviting them to illumine their windows. The concierges who received those notices communicated to the various tenants of each storey the injunction of the police. To those who knew that such pains had been taken to produce a private illumination it appeared not a little singular that not ono house in a hundred bore the least symptom of compliance with the hint of the authorities,—a lesson which shows the impolicy of improving what out to be the result of a spontaneous feeling. No nation is deafer to such appeals than the French. l'he great efforts made by the ambassadors of the government to procure a celebration of high mass, and To Ileum, in honour of Napoleon, at Vienna, Berlin, and other foreign capitals, seem to hate been attended with failure for the same reason. The Prussian government replied to the urgent represen tations of the French envoy on this head by the fol lowing note, inserted in the Strafe Anseiger: I hear has addressed a raaa Jo( • ministry on the sub jeotmefthos l° nadimina Jersey, whose pre ssure in ensippahnity the coast of Brittany is considered dilemma Ths Municipal emineil. at its last sitting, voted, on the proposition el the pre.feet, the following address, in answer to the hair of the Lord Mayor and aldermen of the city j LOllllOO, thanking the prefect and the council for the hospitable reception they re ceived at their visit last year, on thu occasion of the Loudon Exhibition : The Prefect of the Ssine and the Members of the Municipal Body of Faris, to the Lord Mayor and Aldermen of the City of London. My Lord and Gentlemen, We have received the cour teous address which you have sent to us through his exeellency the British ambassador. Deeply penetrated by this fresh proof of the close union which exists between England and France, we are gratified at the remembrance which you testify towards us. We, as strongly as yourselves, appreciate the benefits of the bsppy fraternity which these pacific competitions tend to establish between civilised nations. l.oder the shelter of peace, which they strengthen, the arts attain per fection, and industry spreads over the whole world its bene fits and its wonders. We, who have been the witnesses of the persevering efforts of our fellow citizens through thu difficult trials which it has pleased God to impose on our nation, see that their labours have been worthily appre ciated by you. The artists and the artisans, who were invited by , England to this courteous struggle, the only one which is now suited to two great nations, will be grate ful for this gracious testimony and will unite with no in our thanks. Vt'e are happy to address them to you in express ing all our wishes fur similar occasions of union and pacific progress. M. Pellisaier, consul-general at Tripoli, has ar rived at Marseilles, on his way to Haiti, being ap pointed to the post of consul general there. He is to be succeeded at Tripoli by M. Leon Roches, con sul at Trieste. M. Pellissier's promotion is chiefly owing to the firm attitude be assumed in the recent, events at Tripoli. At the Bourse the Four-and-a-Half per Cents. closed without change at 10.5.15 ; the 'threes rose 40c., closing at 70.20. The railway settlement passed off quietly, without any marked tendency in the market. St. Germain fell 15; Rotten, 10; Lyons and Avignon, 5 ; Marseilles and Northern rose 5 each; Orleans and Dieppe, 2.50 each; Strasbourg and Lyons, 1.25 each. PARIS, AUOVAT There will be no solemn service at the catholic church of Berlin in memory of Napoleon. It is supposed that only one will be celebrated at the hotel of M. de Varennes for theorems.' of the legation. The failure which from one cause or another cha racterized every sone of this fete extended to the illuminations. These are generally so well done in Paris, that public curiosity, raised as it was to a high pitch by the announcement that all former displays of the kind would be surpassed on this occasion, was woefully disappointed. In the first place, the electric light, from which such wonderful effects were ex pected, was not brought into play at all. I learn that at the experimental illumination, made two days before, it was found impossible to keep the electric light alive for more than twenty-five minutes. The column in the Place Vendome was therefore lit with common gas. The wind had rlayed the deuce with the pasteboard and canvass of Mount St. Ber nard, and the illumination of the Place de la Con corde and the Champs Elysees were a complete' failure. It was observed as ominous that none of the eagles, none of the crowns, would light up . The Champs Elysees was i n d ee d rather darker than usual, and the fragments of illumination looked like the smoking brands of a dispersed fire. Tho giant eagle on the top of the Arc de Triomphe de l'Etoile wouldn't light up a feather of him. The electric lights intended for the fountains could not be brought into play. Nevertheless the boulevards were more successful, from being protected more from the wind. It was really a beautiful coup (hell to look up the perspective of palm-trees formed of golden fire bearing globed fruit of all hues, made of paper. The fireworks too went off very well. The crowd was astonishing. The Tuileries, Place de la Con corde, quays, Champs Elysees, boulevards, and all avenues seemed thick as these prodigious streets and Epson could be crammed with human beings. Aft er tC e rreworks were over, for four or five hours a dense stream of people moved eastward along the Boule vards. Strasbourg, Rouen, Lyons, all the great cities disgorged their populations through the interminable pleasure-trains into Paris. Great numbers of the country people walked about the Boulevards all night, and left Paris this morning_ without having stretched their limbs upon a bed. The marchand de yin, at the corner just by, kept his cabaret open till three in the morning, and reopened at haltpast four. It appears that the President was, after all, not present at the naval fight. I can state from personal observation that great part at least of the crowd on the right bank of the river thought he was there, and strained their necks towards his canopied tri bune to look at him. I °un e ase to have taken it for granted that he was in his place. The duty cut out for him was so severe that it is not surprising that he should have shirked some of it. (rum AN OCCASIONAL CORRISPOI;DIINT.) It is one o'clock. Paris is all alive. A salute has been let off at the Invalides—a Te DenIII at the Madeleine—the bells aro swinging at Notre Dame— the eagles have been let loose in the Champs Elya:cs —the people everywhere. As I write, the boats and canoes are floating in full regatta on the Seine. Vague hurrahs have been uttered by the National Guard, which will be interpreted into rive Napoleon live 1 'Empereur ! fire le Pre'sident! according to political needs. The people are impassive. What they say is " nothing to nobody." The streets are crowded, but there is nothing to do, and but little to see. There aro showy preparations for this evening's illumination ; but in the broad daylight they all look cheap and ridiculous. Soldiers abound everywhere, and are evidently delighted to have something like occupation. The Sergents de rilk are in their glory, and aro scolding little boys, alarming old women, and terrifying the crowd at discretion. Vendors of gingerbread and coco are making a fortune. Country people, all in the:r Sunday best, are gawking about the street in utter amazement. The demand for pipes and tobacco is enormous. The wine-shops are besieged. The weather is threatening, and everybody is armed with An umbrella. The great effort of every one is to be lieve that he is enjoying himself ; and, alas ! the sweet delusion is hard to arrive at. There is a plump little woman, weighing ten stone by the scale, on the Boulevards, and lugging about an ottani terrible, weighing two stone more ; and the poor thing is just asking herself how it is that people can find any fun in a fete. My neighbour, the yrisette, alarmed to death about her new cap, and its pink ribbons, hangs desperately to the arm of a gallant currier, and uks with a famished air, if it isn't best to "go and dine" ? Turning to do this she runs into a "legion of honour," who swears by his decoration that he was never in such a crowd before in his life, and that if he were Louis Napoleon he would bani s h all the ourriers to Cayenne. But the wretchedest people to-day are the cabmen, who are ordered every where by everybody, and cannot go anywhere for anybody. No one, of course, will hire them by the hour, and as for working their way through the crowd by the job, the thing is preposterous, besides being impossible. In an hour or two the sham fight will commence on the Seine. This, however, is only an aggravation, as not one person in a thousand can see it, and to hear it is neither music nor mirth. You never saw a more dissatisfied crowd on Lord Mayor's-day. The confusion of the thing, especially in Pane, 'is indescribable; and to add to it all, the bells keep up such a discordant wrangling, the guns make such • nuisance of the blessed air, the policemen make such a hubbub, that we can scarcely hear one's own voice. When the thing was new there must have been some fun in it. One could at least get an idea of Babel. But noir that it Is used up and "run into the ground" it is in tolerable. Polities are wholly apart from it. I have not heard a politician to-day. Wiseacres prophesied the pro 'clamation of the empire. But in France all prophecy is at a discount. Besides nobody cares whether there is to be an empire or not. It is neither expected nor unexpected ; neither wished nor deprecated. 'Allis Napoleon knows this, and it mortifies him more than any other fact in his history. What he desires is to become emperor, not by proclamation, but by acclamation. But to accomplish this he must I create something like popular enthusiasm ; and all his attempts at this have been utter failures, and, above all, in Paris. His servile imitation, in every thing, of his uncle only provokes comparisons which sink him into utter insignificance. There is nothing grand or heroic about him. He is not even myste rious. Let any one who doubts this come to Pans— come to day, it ho will, in full lets. What will he see ? In fact, what do the thousands of English who are now here see? Is there anything here to remind one of the enthusiasm exhibited in London, on every occasion, in behalf of the Queen ? Ask anybody you meet, whether in the splendid cafes of the Boulevard des Italiens, or in the humble cabarets of the Faubourg St. Antoine—whether dressed in a blouse, or in purple and fine linen, — ask him any question whatever respecting this bas tard government, and see what will be the reply. The chances are that there will be no reply, and the certainty is that there will be no reply favourable to Louis Napoleon. The initials of the Prince are seen in all public places on these fete-days; but whether they signify Louis Napoleon, or Louis Nobody, is everywhere a matter of supreme unconcern. I re frain from giving you any details of what has been done here in the way of decorations. The fireworks of this evening, if not interrupted by untimely waterworks, will without doubt be worth seeing. And when, in the midst of dazzling showers of light, the great Napoleon appears in full relief, mounted on a splendid charger, and in the act of crossing the "impassable Alps," no doubt the multitude will shout with joy. There is as little doubt that amidst all this enthusiasm the little Napoleon will be utterly forgotten. And when the ceremonies of the day are all over—when the last rocket has expired, and the last hurrah has died out— the people will return to their homes, not to talk of 1 1 their Prince President, not to congratulate them ,' selves on being "saved," but to throw themselves weary and exhausted on their beds, and to wake the next morning more indifferent to the government than ever. The President dined with the Minister of Foreign Affairs. After the fireworks ho left the ministry of marine in a carriage, molted by half a dozen lancers only. He followed the Rue St. Florentin, the Rue St. Honore, and the Rue Faubourg St. Honore to the Elysee, where he arrived at half-past eleven, not sorry, doubting, to have escaped the additional fatigue of the hall at the Halles. To-night the President gives a ball at St. Cloud. You may form some notion of the crush expected from this. I am told by a lady that she will start dressed from Paris at tour this afternoon, that her carriage may have some chance of getting up to the door before midnight. The Queen of Portugal has sent Louis Napoleon the grand craw of the order of the Tower and the Sword. This royal compliment is understood to be connected with a negotiation hitherto secretly carried on for a commercial treaty between France and Por tugal. It is intended to place Portugal upon the footing of the most favoured coun tries with regard t . France. Many people see in this new policy not only a potent cause of the diminution of English iufluetee influence in Portugal, hut even a commence ment of a sort of n custom-house union of the southern states of Europe--an idea which has fee quently been attributed to the present French go vernment. SWITZERLAND. BERNE, Avower It. The Council of the States has unanimously rejected the demand of the Grand Council of Geneva, that the Federal Council should be obliged to communicate diplomatic acts to the governments of the cantons. The National Council has adopted by 63 votes against 26, the decree voted by the Council of the State, for the total remission of the arrears due from the seven cantons of the former tionderbund, subject only to a formal modification in the preamble, which the council of the states has admitted without discus sion. The National Council has passed alinos unani mously the treaty w ith the Grand Duchy of Baden for the continuation of the Baden railways into Switzerland. BELGIUM. The Belgian Moniteur contains the Dutch and Belgian railway convention for facilitating the esta blishment of direct communication between the two countries, concluded on the 9th ult. by the commis sioners of the respective governments. After pledging themselves to co-operate generally, and as occasions may arise, for the advancement of the object of the agreement, the governments engage to take mea sures for the construction of a line commencing at the terminus of the Belgian state railroad at Antwerp, passing in the direction of the Hollandsch-Diep by Breda oilltoosendaal, and terminating near /toodevart, or the inverdvck. Should it be resolved to carry the lino by lioosendaal, a branch will be made to Breda. The governments will agree upon a term by which the work shall be completed. Until the opening of a railway from the ilol landsch-Dicp to Rotterdam rut horde, the line from Antwerp . to the Hollandsch-Diep will be placed in communication with ltotterdum by a line of steamers conveying the passengers and merchandise, the times of departure being adjusted to the arrivals of the trains. During the interruption of the navi gation by ice the functions of the steam boats will be discharged by diligences. The convention was ruti lied by the King of Holland on the 27th ult., and by his Belgian Majesty on the 2nd inst. The Preeu-reur states that the Belgian Cliarg. , d'Affaires at Washington is negotiating an advan tageous postal arrangement with the United States government. The Belgian Muniteur contains the following in its non-official part : In speaking of the last incidents which have arisen in our negotiati ns with France ' some journals give an incomplete account of the facts, and make gratuitous suppositions. liven should there be a difference of views between the mi nisters as to the means of obtaining the desired end, that does not amount to saying that there would be two opinions in the cabinet when the dignity of the government and the interests of the country are at stake. This will be cons pletcly demonstrated when the moment fur giving explana tion shall have arrived. SPAIN. REPUBLIC OF ECUADOR. The Herald(' of August 10th mays :—" We learn by way of the United States that GLneral Flores has taken Guayaquil. The possession of this town, the most important of the republic of the equator, ren ders Flores master of the country." The lien;ldo of Madrid of the 11th has the follow ing from Bayonne: The mixed commission charged to fix the limits of the frontiers has been retarded by daily difficulties principally on the side of the French, who wish to appropriate to themselves the territory obtained through the abuse of power or tolerance of our authorities. Affairs have recently reached such a point that it appears the Spanish government has resolved to dissolve the commission, which is at this moment occupied with a new and grave incident. What seems certain is, that M. Mauleun, the prefect, availing himself as a pretext of one of the numerous differences that take place daily on the frontier, entered S.eacir a few days age at the head of a detachment of troops. It is said that the Spanish government has addressed an energetic note to' that of France on this subject. ITALY. PIEDMONT. The trial of Count Costa fur an offence of the press took place at Turin on the 12th. The court was thronged. Count Costa arrived about half-past 10, and took his seat on the prisoner's bench. He was received with profound silence by the audience. The clerk then read the indictment, from which it ap peared that out of 500 copies of Count Costa's book only 74 were seized by the authorities at the house of the defendant, and that twenty-seven pages of the book were incriminated. Advocate Trombetta supported the prosecution on the part of the govern ment, on the three counts of offence to the person of the King, disrespect of the laws, and fervent wishes for the destruction of the constitutional government. The first count was proved by passages representing the King as a mere tool in the hands of a party, and also indirectly accusing him of bad faith, for having broken the existing concordats without the consent of the Holy See. The other counts were proved by passages written with great acrimony, in a clerical spirit, and others insulting to the national represen tatives. After an able defence by Advocate Ferraris, and a paper read by the defendant, to show that his book was not hostile to the government, the jury retired about 8 p.m., and soon atter brought in a ver dict of guilty on all the counts. The defendant was sentenced to two months' imprisonment, and 2,000 fr. fine. The audience behaved throughout the trial with the greatest decorum. The Ilisorgimento states that, immediately after his condemnation, Count Costa sent in his resignation as counsellor of the Court of Caseation at Turin. GERMANY. BERLIN, Aroesr 13. Before assembling at Stuttgart, the ministers of the coalition states held a preparatory conference at Darmstadt, the result of which has not transpired. The southern press asserts that the Wurtemberg ministry nowise wavers in its coalition policy, though the king desires to go with Prussia. Nassau is said to be also showing symptoms of disaffection to the coalition. M. von der Pfordten is reported to have taken with him to Stuttgart the draft of a new de claration, to the effect that the negotiations for a customs' union with Austria shall be commenced, if not simultaneously with those for the re newal of the Zollverein, at least as soon as these latter shall have reached a certain stage; and that the Zollverein treaties shall not be con cluded until the treaty with Austria shall have been brought to maturity. If this proposal be accepted at Stuttgart, there will be no impsiiment to the re sumption of the conferences here on the 16th inst. If the coalition states consent to commence treating with Prussia on the basis of the Prussian programme, they will subsequently hardly be able to resume successful opposition "at a certain stage," or on tho question, whether negotiations with Austria are mature or not. These reports, coupled with the insecurity 51 M. von der Pfordten's tenure of office since the promotion of Professor Doenniges, certainly do give the im pression that the Darmstadt coalition is tottering. But the Austrian diplomatist, Count Itechberg, has also gone to Stuttgart; and we must see what he ' will say to the affair. If Austria has the wish and the courage to put in its veto against an accommo dation between the coalition and Prussia, it can easily get Hesse Cassel to claim Austria's assistance in maintaining the Darmstadt treaty; for M. Has senpflug would do anything to antis, Prussia, and the Elector anything to please t& Emperor of Austria, from whom he is endeavouring to get the title of princess for his morganatic wife, Countess Sehaumberg. A student of theology at Bonn went in a fit of re ligious insanity to a neighbouring wood with hammer and nails, and, finding a tree in the form of a cross, actually crucified himself. Ile was found in a state of insensibility by some peasants, who, not having tools for drawing the nails, felled the tree, and car ried him with it to the next village. The young man is now in the hospital at Bonn, and out of danger. HOLLAND. The Dutch newspapers of the 13th produce as reliable the statement that in the next session of the States General the government will propose a bill for converting the Four per Cent. Ingcriptions in the Grand-livre. Tun Inn OP Wi(inT is full of company. It was scateely ever known to have been so crowded as at present. At Bede the Duchess of Gloucester has been staying, and the Duchess and Princess Mary of Cao.bridge are stopping at the present time. The Duchess of Gloucester resided et Yelp's Hotel during her stay, and whila there the Prince of Parma visited her. The prince used to breakfast with the ordinary company in the coffee room. The duchess and Princess Mary of Cambridge walk much on the pier dressed in the simplest manner possible. Two foreign royal personages are also residing at the back o f th e I s l e of Wight Lodgings are scarcely to be obtained in the island. TitE .11 1 STRALIAN ENIttiIIATIoN MOVEMENT.—On Sunday last hundred. of persons visited the Ballygeich emigration ship, lying in Southampton docks. The emigre ' tion movement has taken fast hold of the people of Hamp shire. The Mayor of Itomscy states that the applications he receives for advice from people wishing to emigrate are almost innumerable. The itallyneich is about to sail with 142 emigrants for Port Phillip, who are all of one class, ee -1 cording to Mr. Chisholm's plan. The passage money for each penoals2ll. The SallyiWeh is a fast and admi able sea boat. WEST INDIA AND PACIFIC DiillS. (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) (mom W.% OWN aAUWAPONDENT) SOUTHAMPTON, TUMMY, 9 A.V. The Magdalena has just arrived with the 11'..t India and Pacific mails. Her dates are : Chagn‘ July 2 1 ; Jatnuies, Di ; I Jenwrare, 25; Trinidad, ,1! St. Thomas, 31. She brings I Pt passengers. Antun z 4 her cargo is specie to the value of 1,100,0 m duls.., Th merchants' account. The Cholera still rages at Navy Bay and l'anaraa. Vast uumbvra ut miners have left California for Australia. Hum made an attack by sea on Guayaquil, but with not much ctti•ct. Highly favourable ieports are in circulation a. to the new line of ocean canal, lately examined la Mega.. Gibborn and Ford, civil engineer., who hd e conic home in the Magdalena. it if, eiivatcd between Caledonian Bay mid the Gulf of San Migui I. The mall-pox is on the decline in Jamaica. THE UNITED STATES ARRIVAL OF TILL AMERICA. LIVERPOOL. Moshvv. The British and North American Royal Mail steam-ship America arrived in the Mersey at noun to-day, from Boston and Halifax, with the usual mails from the United States and British North America. The America left Boston on the -Rh, aid on going up Halifax Harbour, grounded, but h 0 slightly, that her doing so wus scarcely perceived. She goes into Graving Dock to-morrow, and sill sail at her appointed hour on Saturday. The Am, rica carried sixty passengers and 152,000 dollar; on freight. The steamer Hermann arrived out at New York lon the morning of the :lrd. The America passed the Niagara on the sth, and the Asia at 10 a.m. yte ter&. The y special correspondent of the New Fork Ileral4 at Washington City, repeats his assertion that Minis ter Letcher will return from Mexico, simply tia. the reason that that government has refused to hold any further intercourse with him. The excitement regarding the threatened fishery dispute with England was list dying away. Two other American fishing vessels hud been cap tured by the English cutters, one at Sable Island and another at Charlotte Town. Various other vessels were warned olf, and had taken their departure ac cordingly. The American schooner Coral, condemned fcr a breach of the fishery treaty, was sold here to-day. The burning of the Henry Clay steamer still con tinues to excite a good deal of attention. The LA lowing is a short analysis of the persons killed:— Bodies found and recognised Not identified, at Yonkers Not identified, at Bellevue Total number of hodiec found /Easing, known to hare perishtd Total 75 The following is the alleged cause of the lire in the Henry Clay : It has been stated by an old North River fireman, who is practically familiar with the construction and arrangements of the engine and fire departments, on board of the .'cam. boat Henry Clay, recently destroyed by fire, that he believe-1 the disaster of that vessel to be in a great measure, if not chiefly, attributable to the very imperfeil connexion be. tween the furnaces and the dampers, which rendered the operation of " shining the fine," or raking out the cinders, hazardous in the extreme. Ile has known her to take tin in this way ou three or four diffennt occasions; although but little or no excitement prevailed in tither instance, and therefore the fires were subdued without any considerable damage being sustained. It was scarce ly possible, he says, thr the operation of sluicing to be performed, without haul. log more or leas of the red bot cinders ou the wood work of the fire room. The engineer was cognisant of the difficulty and danger attached to that peculiar form of the furnace, and it was certainly incumbent uoon him to adopt and execute some plan for removing the evil. In the Senate on the 2nd, a message was received from the President, in answer to Mr. Mason's reso lution calling for information respecting the fisheries, transmitting a report of the acting Secretary of State, and stating that Commander Perry, with the steam-frigate Mississippi, had been despatched there to protect American rights. Mr. Cass moved its reference to the Committee on Foreign Relations. The greater part of the correspondence acconipanj ing the message has been printed heretofore. as it embraces all that has token place on the subject since 1823, a large part of which was sent to the Senate in February, 1843. The following letter is, however, interesting: MR. CIA,SIPTON TO MR, WIONTER. Washington, July .5. Sir,—l have been directed by her Majesty's government to bring to the knowledge of the government of the United States a measure which has been adopted by her Mojeeys government to prevent a repetition of the eimplaino which have so frequently been made of the encroachment of vessels belonging to citizens of the United States and of France a; on the fishing grounds reserved by the convintion of 1818. Urgent representations having been addressed to her Majesty's government by the governments of the North American provinces in regard to these encroach ments, whereby the colonial fisheries are meet seri ously prejudiced, directions have been given by the Lords of her Majesty's Admiralty for stationing off New Bruns wick, Prince Edward's Island, and in the Gulf of St. Law mace such a force of small sailing vessels and steamers as shall be deemed sufficient to prevent the infraction of the treaty. It is the command of the Queen that the officers employed should be specially enjoined to avoid all interfe rence with vessels of all friendly powers except where they are violating the treaty, and upon all occasions to avoid giving grounds of complaint by harsh or unneces.ary pro ceeding* whereedreumstances compel their arrest or virtue. I avail myself of this opportunity to renew to you the insurance of my high consideration. JNO. F. CRAMPTON. Acting-Secretary Hunter, under date of July acknowledged the receipt of this note. Mr. Cass addressed the Senate for more than an hour in examination of the treaty of Isl s. and iu reading from the instructions and correspondence of the commissioners who negotiated that treaty, as well as the correspondence between the British coin. miseioner and minister upon the subject, showing that the British construction was wholly untenable. He contended that the American construction was the proper one. He alluded to the importance of the interests engaged in the fisheries, and strenuously urged that they should be protected by all the power of the Lnited States if necessary. lle re garded the movement of Great Britain as most ex traordinary. Mr. Davis said his opinion, expreved some time since, that there was no cause for alarm and that no war would grow out of this matter. was still unchanged. Still he considered there was much in it of an irritating and vexatious character. He had listened to the senator from Michigan with much pleasure. Incidentally connected with the matter was the question of reciprocity. Ile now protested against any settlement of the reciprocity question by treaty. He would never yield that question to be determined by negotiation. Ile did not believe Congress would consent to yield the control of the revenues of the country to the treaty-making power. One year the wants of the government would require a revenue of 40,000,000 doll., and the next year 50,11410,0410 dols., perhaps, would be necessary. While events were so uncertain the question of the revenue of the coun try should never be placed beyond the power 01 Congress. It would never do to limit by treaty the revenues of the nation. To do so would IN: an en croachment upon the fundamental principles of the constitution. So jealous was the constitution. that it would not permit the Senate in its legislative caps city to originate money bills. Should such a treaty come to the Senate, it would never meet with lea approbation. lle considered this movement on the part of Great Britain as intended as a stroke of pollq which might result as a dangerous one, and the colo nies might perhaps find out that the object they had in view was not to be advanced by it. He then examined the question of right, and pronounced the construction passed on the treaty. by Great Britain as altogether erroneous. Ile dia not think a was would grow out of this. lle did not think firot Britain wanted a war, but if she did she could have it. lie would never surrender any right to her. Mr. Hamlin followed in a critical examination of the treaty, and of the correspondence at time of its fur Lion. lle maintained that the American interprell' tion of the treat y of 1518 was correct, and that it w. l, sustained by all the authorities. He considered that the conduct of Great Britain could not be subinrol to without disgrace and dishonour. lie had vet ea' chided when the subject was postponed. Act7oi cholera, considei eight l tucoty. cases. should I not horn fill ness combine towards The c of four I of that i many ai to Lire: South 1 bales of crew foi The ar this por' and Mt} dollars; amount business market. true, ant the dents has take! easier. Stocks transattic seta upot ie firm wl to 110 , , iitsaburE 79 to 791 COTTu. tut two 1 pets do o sidle Fri Inferior . Ord. low V Mid. km Mid. far t rullyfettr t. Good aod FLoca day, the trade. I brands to 4 dols. ditto, 4 ditto, 4 diana, a: , 87}c. to ; atitc.; 11 3 dale. 1: to 3 doll late has Lion a C chantabl for Ohio, continue, 64}c. to from 56e. are stead Fazio 'the amo per lb. ; 12.. 61. t To Loud t , ment go 17.. 6d. I 1.. 6d. to lb.; ash citron ba bone, &c FIRE atoruing Fitzrepi the total extensive summari 16. 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