The Express. — London, England, 1848-08-08 00:00:00

tAL PARLIAMEA 'l. MOOSE OF LORD:s.—MONDAT, Avo. 7. The Loin CRANCILLOR took his sea cat 6 o'clock. PRIVATE lICISIN U SWORD RRADlNO.—Hanchener, Claxton, Matlock, and Mid ind• Junction Railway (deviation and branch) Bal. THIRD READINGS.—Lord James Stuarts {Marquis of Buten) inate; Huddersfield improvement 2) ; Richmond sled M Heed; Went of England end South Wales Land Draining Ownpanethy Inoorporatice ; PUBLIC BUSINESS. SECOND READINGS.—Item Dutwo; Reproductive Loan Fund Institution (Irelnd); Cdeduotan Canal: Nand M dial Suppletnentel Fund noel 'v; Juvenile Offenders (Ireland) ; Land Ton Dammisniinwrs' News; Ve Wren (' mate and Town Approichen Improvement; Pay masters' Offirces Cou-olislation ; Bills. Comutrit:Es.—Sulanin Breed Prepervation ; Puhlic Works (Ire land' (So 2); Lugird'n Divorce; Jervls'e IMTO/Ve (India); bilis. REPORT.—Corn Markets ;Inland) BIU. THIRD READING. -Regent's Quadrant flaionnade TOIL NOTICES OF MOTION. -urns.—Lord STANLEY, h.-morrow, to put a Question to the government relative to our Mahone with the kingd Bin of the Two SleiW. En tuna:l'loS TO Ar‘TßAL”.—Earl GREY, to-morrow, In laying on tfie tab,' Orthiln parer. with fVferrnee .0 emigration to Australx, to take the opportunity of stating the nature of the measure's adopted by her Mai, sty's government on the sutnine. REPRODUCTIVE LOAN FUND INSTITUTION (IRELAND) BILL. The Marquis of CLANILIC.tRDE moved the second reading of this Lord MONTEAGLE approved of the principle of the bill, but said there were some details which he would ask their lordships to reeemuder in committee. The Duke of LEINSTER supported the bill. The hill was then read a second time. JUVENILE OFFENDERS (IRELAND; BILL. Lord MONTEAGLE moved the second reading of this bill. Earl GREY thought thin meuure was very important, and he doubted whether it ouglA to be proceeded with this ✓ersion. The bill was then read a second time, and ordered to be committed to-morrow. 11 J%i DUTIES BILL. The Duke of ARGYLL asked whether the bill which had been introduced into the other house to remove some of the restrictions on warehousing spirits, and which was considered to a set-of f against the reduction art tnenluty on rum—a slight boon to the home distiller—wa• to be proceeded with ? He thought it would have kept pace with the Rum Duties Bill, but he did not see it an ths. paper. Earl GRAN V I LLE said it was the intention of the Chan cellor of the Exchequer to proceed with the bill referred to as speedily es risible, the Nonce EARL then moved the second reading of the Rum Duties Bill, which was agreed to. Tl•eir lordships adjourned at twenty minutes before seven o'clock. HOUSE OF COMMONS.—MONDAY, Aeo. 7. The SPRALIIs took the chair at 12 o'clock. PRIVATE. BUSINESS. REPORT CONSIDERED.—LoniIin Way' Smell Debts till. LORDS' AMENDMENTS CONsIDERED.—L.ourion and South Western Railway Curapany's Acts Amendment, Eaten:bort, Devi:lS: o W and New Works Bill. PUBLIC BUSINESS. PETITIONA—By Mr. UOLLAND, from the truatece of a turnpike trot; Mr. FULLER, from • place in Suffolk, against certain provi sions of the Highway Rates Bill.—Alm rat GORDON. from Aber deen; Mr. I.OOEILART, from V:0 I 0 te part! of Scollunt ; Mr. DUN. CAN, from Dundee, I:pink the Regietration and Al:irk:wee (Scot. blurt Bill.—Lord G. BENTINCE, :rim the Speaker of the Douro of Assembly of Totems. the prayers( 01000 the noble lord did not state. SECOND READlNGS.—negistriesm, he. (Scotland , ; :Marriage (Scotland); Eli:Moore of Ade:its:tins in the County of Warwick and Islgnord Criminal Law Administration Amendment Registers of Wince (Scotland); Money Order Deportment (restsottlor); Bills. COMMITTEES. FL:Aeries (Ireland) ; Prcelammion on lines, Court of Common Pleas • Churches; Tithe Rent Charges ma. (Ireland) ; Caowla Government; Bib.. REPOKT.—Militinsklallots Susernans: Bill. THIRD RE.ADlNGS.—lnsolvent Debtor.' Court; Payment of Debts oat of Real F•tats ; NOTICE OF MOTION.—COLONIAL Demers.—Lord BEN TZ:ECK, to move on Friday neat that the petiuon from the Speaker of the Mew of Assembly of Tobago be printed with the votes. RETURN ORDERED.—On the 010000 of Mr. 101LsTE14, returns . of the number of bills submitted to the grand jury at the Central Criminat Court for each mu-ion, knee 1943, inclueite, Be., tee.: end. similar return from 36:knew: ;roe parliamentary busi _ awe of yeeTeraaye REGISTERING BIRTHS, Zee. (SCUTLAND)—MAR RIAGE (SCOTLAND) BILLS. The LORD ADVOCATE, in moving the a +mud reading of the Registering of Births, ate. (Scotland) Bill, said that he was not aware that any distinct objection had been taken to this and the next measure on the paper, namely, the Mar rtse es Bill, though to some points ef both acme opposition had been raised in sonic of the petitions which had been pre sented to the house. It bad been incidentally obeseted that these two bilis ought not to be pressed forward rat the present advanced period of the session, but, in answer to that °hire don, hr need only remind the house that these bills, nearly in the came shape, and certainly identical in orinciple, had beet. submitted to the consideration 01 parliament at a very eagle period of the lest session—they had passed the House of Lords and had received a second reading in this house—they had egone into committee pro forma for the purpose of making certain amendments—they had been printed in their amended form, and then had , been withdrawn because it was thought right that the people of Scotland should have an opp rtunity of considering both measures. At the beginning of the present year both hilts had again been introduced in the Howie of Lords, and under his (the Lord Advocate's) own direction, bete ten 200 and 300 copes had, is March last, been sent down to every county and important burgh in Scotland; so that ample time had been afferded for the consideration both of the principle and the details of these b Us. This year both measures had undergone considerable discussion in the other house of parliament, hut stil: no objection had been raised to the principle of either one or the other. Under such circumstances he should be guidy of a nee. ct of duty if be did not press forward these two measures, which were of vast irnportence. At present the registers in Scotland were not only imperfect with reference to thin protection of private rights, but in fact only furnished information, which in courts of law, and especially in peerage cases before the House of Lords, had been Wiesen to he delusive and calcu. label to mislead, In additien to this, the same corseterteions which h tcl ltd in 1837 to legislation with regard to the proper and perfect tegistration of births, deaths, and marriages in England, had induced this peopled 1. gislation on the same subject for Scotland, and the object of the first bill was to establish in Scotiend the same system which in 1837 bad been adopted in England 'with so much private and public advantage, With reamed to the machinery of the first—the Registration Bill—the immediate busine's of reeistranon necessarily under the bill, devote', an in England, upon local registrars, of whom the bill did not contemplate to multiply the number. With regard to the expense, he must observe that ureter this measure there would not be any charge against the district for the resistratien of marriages, the fees M that Teepeet being required to be paid by the contracting p a rties, and therefore the only thing which would form a charge in the parish district, or subdivision wink be for the registration of births and deaths. In this respect he had poserssed himself of some calculations (melded upon the returns of the reel-Mar-gen , ral for Enelend, and assuming the population of Scotland to be now 3,000 000 ( which was 400,000 more than the last censevt there would he probablT in each year in Scotl red of birth. 98.700, and of deaths, 66,1.40, making a total of 163,300 entries in the register in each year. It was propneed that in ea-li dirtict the first 20 entries should nay a fee of 2.. 6d.. hut all entries after the first 20 shou'el be charged Is., and on this a/Pumice the popu latien to be 3,000000, the total expense of the registration of lei.VA and deaths could amount to 9,5001. is e ,ch ',ear. This wool • be the sum to be raise.i locally tor this purpene. There were about 900 perfidies in Scotland, and these he had arranged with reference to their population, and he fund there were 268 in which the population was under 1,000, and avereyed about 7.50. in these the etima.ed eepcnse of re gistering hieths and deaths would not exceed 31. lite. each per annum. He found there wire 275 parishes in which the population ranged mom 1,000 t, 2,000, or with se average of 1,818, and in each of these parishes the expense of registra tion would e mount to 6/. 10s. per annum. tie also found thot the re were 217 parishes in which the pepuia•ion varied front 2,000 to 4,0 00 , or giving an average 4)1'2,764, and the expense in these more populeus oistricis would not be more than 91. 10e. per annum. This charge it was pro posed to defray out of the parochial rates. With respect to the officers it wan proposed to make the session clerks the registrars of the district, end for mpg-Mimed, nee to entrust that duty to the sheriff clerics of counties, who were not only by education and professien well qualifier for tee duty, hut who heel places of business suited to keep and to preserve the rewards which would be necumulated under thin fell. Over the whole it was intended to have a central beat el in Edin burgh, under a registrar-gent rel, as in this country, and the ester n of this heard would lee defrayed out of the public revenue of Scotland, and would form an annual vote in the miseellane.ms eat imatea, so en to be always under the check and reenter' of parliament. Wien regard to the secend mea sure—via., the Marriages Bill, fee would only remark, that registration would be of no avail unless the law of marriage in Scotland was altered. The present state of the marriage law was a reproach upon the country, and the necessity of its amendment could not be disputed. tinder this shocking system parties might be held to be married who had never had any intention of entering into that relation. The noble lend here referred to cases which had arisen is the Scottish law courts under this stete of the law, in which parties had been held to he married who during many years had ceased to hold any communica tion. and had never lived tagethrr. In one case, in which property to the amount of 20,0001. a year was concerned, a gentleman had simply said to his domestic servant, " You are my wife." She made no answer; he wen , out and shot himself, end she was held to be his widow. By the present bill he proposed no interference with the regular marriages with which religious service was connected; as to all others, • he would place them out of the law, being convinced, from a long course of professional experience, that they were attendee with the most fatal and unhappy consequences. To those parties who did not choose to go before the clergy man. he would say—" (io to the registrar ; place your names 00 record there; and thus secure yourselves and your issue from the evil consequences of thoee,marriagee that have hitherto been held legal." The Scotch law had been erro neoeisly supresed to protect female virtue ; en far from this, it be an opposite effect ; for men would deny on oath that I they had given any promise, and recourse was °Misted to be had to secondary evidence, such as the payment of addresses. He proposed that in ell cases where proof could not be given of ruerrieee before a clergyman or registrar, that the mar. Haste should be absoluoly void. At present marriages in Scotland were irregular if the banns had not been duly pro claimed. But the banns might be read thrice in one day, even before the service began, and the certificate of the clerk was conclusive evidence of this formality being complied with. Even if the banns were not proclaimed, and the marriage were irregular, if the marriam were merely contracial by a mutual declaration in the public sues% in -------- the presence of • third party, or before a magistrate, the marriage was binding, though irregular, and no penalty at tached to the parties ; but if the clergyman were brought into the field at all he was liable to a penalty for any irregu larity. Such was the encouragement which the church of Scotland had given to regular marriages. This bill provided effectually fir ten days' previous publication where pealed were married by the regietrar • and if the church of Scotland did'not cheese to amend th eir 'law as to banns let them not complain of the encouragement proposed to be given to irre gular marriages. Nast of the petitions that bad been pre sented against this bill were rather against the details than the principle of the measure ; and he had the most well founded assurances that the bill would be a great publlc be nefit. Complaint had been made of the late period, at which it had been received from the other house ; but had not the other house equal grouted to complain of the late retied at which bilis were sent up to them from this house ? Great part of the opposition to this measure he be lieved to emanate from the clerks of session in Scotland, whose emolument would be affected; and had he been able to propose a compensation to th em, he believed their opposi tion would never have been heard of Mr DUNCAN said that two former bills on this subject had, alter repeated postponements, been withdrawn by the learned lord ; and now he reintroduced them two months Later in the session. Not • single petition had been presented in (moue of these bills, and uewards of thirty against them. Last session, no fewer than 230 petitions had been presented against similar tills, and only one in their favour. As yet, the bill had scarcely reached the northern districts of Scot land otherwise the number of petitions against it would have been greater. He was not opposed to • registration of marriages and deaths, but believed that if time were given to Scotland a system might be adopted which would be far less expensive than the measures new proposed. Ile moved that the bill should be read a second time that day three months. Mr. HOME was not opposed to the principle of either bill; he believed the law required amendment; but he thought the best course would be for the learned lord to take the second reading of his bills, and then let them stand over till next version. The measures affected the whole people of Scotland. No one had asked for these bills; and at least time ought to be given to consider them. During the learned lord's speech there had only been 28 members present ; and it was hopeless to look fur a (air consideration of the measures at this period of the session. The bills were open to all the objections that attended the English system, under which a man might register his own death or birth. (Groat laughter.) Ours was but a mere approximation to a system of registration, and nothing like that which was in force in various countries of the continent. The bill of last year had been thoroughly examined by a committee of the Statistical Society, who had pointed out various objections to the measure, and brought them under the notice of the learned lord and the right con. the Home Secretary, who promised them consideration ; and yet here was the some measure, with as little variation as pos sible, re-introduced. It was altogether an imperfect measure; and yet its cost would be 10,. a year. The case had been the same with the l'risons Dil l e ;, it bad been shuf fl ed hastily through the house, and was now found to be einem, inopera tive. At eo late a period of the session, when it was difficult to make a house at all, it was impossible that these measures could be properly considered. It was evident the evils they were meant to remedy could not be very pressing, as there had only been a single petition for the bills. As to the law of marriages in Scotland, though it was undoubtedly att noted with evils, it was more satisfactory on the whole than the English law. He protested ugainst the bills bein4 now pro ceeded with, and should oppose them at every stage. Mr. LOCKHART also protested against the measures being pressed when the attendance of members was so thin. Lost year the opposition to the bills had been most general and determined. 'Various important conceesi me were now made to the wishes of the country; but still the opp continued. The expense would far exceed the O,fitell. per annum which had been mentioned. There were, in addition, the salaries of superintendent registrars and others, which were to be fixed by the treasury, and of which no estimate could be formed. He noticed that there were not now forty members present ; and he would now move that the house be counted. The galleries were cleared; but there being more than forty members present the business proceeded. Mr. BAILLIE considered that the bill ought rot to Le proceeded with at the present late m sod of the *steak 0. After • few words from COI. THOMPSON, Mr. F. SCOTT did not object to the principle of the bill ; but he considered the machinery by which it was to be car ned toot was both unnecessary and expensive. Ile hoped the government would not press the measure is as thin a house, and at so late • period of the session. Mr. M'GREGOR trusted that the Lord Advocate would not press the bill. Its clauses were not known iu Scotland. and it would be much better to give time to the people of that country to consider them between this and the next session of parliament. lie did not consider the clauses for remedying the defects which existed in the present system of reeistration the best that could be devised. On the whole he thought it would he best to read the hill a second time pro fornscl, and then postpones it till next session. Mr. H. DRUMMOND did not know when the people of Scotland would consider the provisions of the bile if they , had not done so already for certainly they had had sufficient time to consider it. (Hear.) There was no objection to the principles of the bill, and that was a reason why they should assent to the second reading, and consider the details in committee. He considered that a system of registration would be • great improvement. With regerel to the act of marriage, the state should only concern itself with the civil part of it; the religious part of the ceremony should he left to the discretion of individuals, and registration should be taken as evidence of its proper celebration. It was im possible to see how the bill could be carried out in any other Way. Mr. ELLIOT said that the present state of the law of marriage in Scotland was most disgraceful to that country, and particularly to the female part of the community; and his best thanks were due to the Lord Advocate for intro ducing a bill on the subject. Every person who beard the statement of his right hoc, friend must be convinced of the necessi'y of the change in respect to the law of marriage and registration. Whether the bilk before the house were the best that enild he devised he would not then say ; hut it seemed to him that they took every necessary precaution. If aime such hill as this were not introduced they would go on from worse to worse. The objection urged agairat the postponement on the ground that the people of Scotland dual be allowed time• to consider its provisions was quite futile, because a bill on the same subject had been intro duced in the last session of parliament and withdrawn, and the present bill had been introduced into the House of Lords at an early period of the session. Mr. S. WORTLEY was fully impressed with the neces sity of making an alteration in the present marriage law of Scotland, which was productive of much mischief and mis fortune ; but, so the subject was one Of gnat importance, and as it would be impossible at the present period of the erasion to give it a full and deliberate consideration, ae was of opinion that his learned friend should take the second reading as an admission of the principle of the measure, and then postpone it till next sessioo. (He ir, hear.) Mr. EWART was much in favour of the principle of the Registration and Marriage Bills, and thougi.t that so.ne such measures were indispensable for any country; hut as there were strong objections to several of their proviiions— there being no less than 21 amendments—he thought it both fairer to the people of Scotland and to the house tnat they should be postponed till next maim. Admiral GORDON, Mr. UktQV HART, and Mr. Asinensiost, also urger] the propriety of postpoiiing the bills. The LORD ADVOCATE said that after the expression of (minion on the pert of the house he won d take the second reading quite unconditionally, but at the same time he did not mean to say that the considerations o hich had been urged would of induce him, taking into account the period of the evasion, not to proceed with the bills. (Hear, hear.) The house, however, must understand that he gave no pledge. On Friday, or sooner if possible, he would state the course he meant finally to pursue. After a few words from Mr. Hulot, the amendment was withdrawn, and the bill was read a second time. On the motion that the Marriage Bill be read a second time, Mr. HERRIES urged on the le..tned lord t the Lord Advo- I eau) the propriety of now stating the course he meant to pursue. Mr. LOCKHART said that the course proposed we the learned hod would be most inconvenient. Ile ought new to state whether be would proceed with the bills or not. The LORD-ADVOCATE peon sted against being c died on to state then what he would do finally with regard to the bills. Mr. F. SCOTT moved that the bill be read a w cowl time that day three months. Mr. HUME setsinded the motion. Mr. WOR.TLEY hoped the hon. gentleman would not persevere in his motion alter the statement of till• keened lord. Mr. URQUHART said that she I. anted lord was pressing the bills against tee expressed wish of the hooht , and against decency. He hoped the house would not endure the dicta tion of the learned lord. (Oh, ob.) Mr. F. MAULE could nut but admire the modesty of the hon. gentleman—a member of one year's standing—in using such language towaris his learned friend who had sat for several years in that house, and tell'ng his; learned friend what course he ought to pursue with regard to his own hills. (Hear, hear.) The members of that house had a discretion as to the manner how, and the time when, they would pro pose the various stages of bills. Hie learned friend acted properly in taking time to consider what he would do. After some further observations the bills were read a second time, and or:•ered to be committed on Friday. The house then adjourned until 5. The house resumed at 5 o'clock. MERCHANT SEAMEN'S FUND. Mr. LABOUCHERE, in answer to Mr. Hume, stated that it was not the intention of the government to institute any further inquiry into the management of the Merchant Seamen's Fund until the bill for altering the navigation laws , had been passed. DESERTION OF SEAMEN_ AT QUEBEC. And in answer to a question from Mr. hiONFIELL, the right hon. gentleman stated that the Earl of Elfin and the mer chants of Quebec were engaged in devising means tor put.ing a stop to the desertion of merchant seamen at that Fort. SUGAR DUTIES. Lord J. RUSSELL, in reply to a question from Lord G. BENTINCK, Said it WU mn hie intention to hr:.ag on the Sugar Duties Bill to-night, hut he would give the noble lord timely notice of his intention to do ay. COMMERCIAL DISTRESS. Mr. BERRIES asked the noble lord whether he could find a day for discussing the rep it of the committee on commercial distress, as the house would not stand well with the country unless some ierussion was had before they prorogued, and that with a slew to pledge themselves early mat PC esion to bring forward irono remeoial measures. Lord J. RUSSELL suggested Tuesday as the only day open to the right hon. gentleman for such a discussion. I ,TTIE iXPRE:.SB, TUSIDAY: EVE/tING, ATAUST 8, 1848. XMIOR.A.TION, Lord J. RUSSELL, Is Lower to Lord Ashley, taidthat 'the government would be happy to assist in spreading inVor motion as to emigration, but that government could grant no funds for this purpose. Lord 0. BENTINCK asked when the half-minion loan to the West Indians for labour emigration weuld be proposed by the government. Lord J. RUSSELL replied after the Sugar Duties Bill was passed. BUSINESS OF THE HOUSE. Lord J. RUSSELL gave notice that to morrow (this day) he should move the suspension of the order affecting Wed nesday's sitting', and propose that during the remainder of the session, the douse should, on Wednesdays, sit from 12 to 3, to take the orders of the day, and from 5 o'clock during the remainder of the evening to go into committee of supply. AMERICAN POSTAGE. Lord PALMERSTON, in answer to Mr. CaltriWeLL, nail that he could not lay on the table the con espondence relating to the American postal tariff, as negotiations were still pending. - Mr. P. HOWARD begged to ask her Majesty's Secretary for Foreign Affsin whether it was the intention of her Ma jesty's government, either singly or in concert with her allies, to mediate between Sardinia and Austria, for the pa iticat,on of the north of Italy Lord PALMERSTON assured the house that her Ma jesty's government was deeply sensible of the importance of putting an end to the war in the north of Italy, and ho wee happy to be able to say that this sentiment was stand by the government of France. The result of which was that in concert with France ministers were taking steps in order ay amicable negotiations to bring that war to a termination. (Hear.) GUNPOWDER IN SALUTES. Mr. HUME moved for a return of the quantity of powder annually expended in salutes, which he understood amounted to 50t. a day. BRITISH SPIRITS WAREHOUS , NG BILL. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER stated that owing to the pressure of other business, the m, as ure for warehousing British el irita could not be proceeded with at present. sot sufficient to manage this business, It would be better to give the appointment altogether to the central board, rather then ran the risk of creating jeakras feelings. Mr. NEW DEGATE opposed the ameadment. Mr. FORSTER doubted whether public opinion was a safe guard against local jobbing. He would remind the hon. member for the Tower Hamlets that there was as much job bing in the place he represented as anywhere. Copt. PECHELL said the bill originally vested both the appointment and removal of the surveyor and inspector in the general board. That point had been very properly given up by the noble lord ; bat now, when it was partially restored in the other house, he supported it. He (Capt Pechell) had hurl of no local jobbing in the town he represented ; the bright example which that place had set in it' management of the peer and other matters had compelled the approval of the pour-law commisaionere, and was worthy of imitation by the country at large. Mr. MACKINNON did not believe that the power of re moval would ever be improperly used by the general board. Mr. BROCK LEHURST said that his constituents, the inhabitants sal Macclesfield, were just now 'meeting from the effects of a dispute with the Woods and Forect , ; and he thought the amendment under di-ctuoion was well calcu lates to generate such disputes between local and central authorities. Mr. E WART had always opposed the central interference of the po r law commissioners, and he objected to this mei sion on the come ground. Mr. URQUHART appealed to the consistency of the noble lord (Morpeth) to resist this amendment. If the authority of the general limed was restored in this instance, the same re. suit must follow in 13 or 14 other cases in which the lords had made similar re-insertions. This would be, in effect, an abandonment of the principle of sellgovernment. Viscount MORPETH said that, by the adoption of the amendmi at the surveyor would be placed on the same ford ing as the officer of health. Whea the town of Liverpool applied for a sanitary hill, they requested that the surveyors should only be removable by the muted authority. Atter a few words from Mr. HIIeLET and Mr. SPooNEE, The house divided.—For the lords' amendment 55 Against it Viscount MORPETH maid he should invite the committee to disagree with the next amendment, which made the power HAITI. of appointing the officer of health subject to the approval of Lord PALMER.STON, in answer to Mr. W. GLADSTONE, stated that orders had been sent to the admiral commending the general hoard. This was • m atter which he thought might safely be left to the local board. on the Wist lonia station to protect the British inhabit ints Mr. NEWDEGATE was glad to hear that such was the of Haiti. noble lord's decision. Mr. WARD said that a frigate had already been sent to The motion for rejecting this amendment was then Haiti from Jamaica. agreed to. BELGIAN REFINED SUGARS. Viscount MORPETH moved that the amendment in Lord G. BENTINCK asked whether the relit' lord clause, 41, which autburises the general ourd to fix the had received the report of the Belgian Chamber re Cam scale on which a new map should be made,—should be merce relative to refined sugars in that country 1 agreed to. Lord PALMERSTON said he did not know what report Mr. SPOONER opposed it. the noble lord reeerved to; but if he would let him know Mr. HENLEY said the effect would be that no new maps privately, he would give him an answer to-morrow in the would be made, if they could posaibly do without them. house. They would put up with very old, imperfect maps, to avoid 1 1 PUBLIC HEALTH BILL. the prat rferenee of the general boatel. Lord MORPETH moved that the h use now resolve itrell Mr. P. HOWARD raid that great advantage had arisen into a committ e to consider the Lords' amendments in from the interference of the tithe commissioners its the matter this hill. of 'nape. The SPEAKER having left the chair, The amendment was ultimately agreed to, as were several The amendmente in clauses, from 1 to 7 inclusive, were hetothr minor ones, without discussion. An ameedment at reed seriatim at the table and agreed to. end of clause 45, imposing a penalty, was divagreed to. at dance 8 being put. On clams 40, Lord MORPETH said he did not propose to disagree to Viscount MORPETH proposed to dieagree from the the amendment made by the lords on the clause at the in- amendment which made the toll applicable to any place con stance of a most reverend prelate, but he proposed to add an taining 2,000 inhabitants; the original number being 5,000. amendment to the lords' amendment, to the effect Another amendment substituted "a clear majorty," instead that when morality should exceed the rate of 23 of t• three fifths," of a meeting convened to authorise any in 1 000 in any locality, the Beard of Health should public work.; and from this he also dissented.—'the amend have power to send down inspectors without any pa. menus were accordingly oriole out out of the clause. tition from one-tenth of the inhabitants. He considere d this Lon. MORPETH proposed that the amendments of the the more necessary in consequence of the certain approach Lords in the smoke clause should be agreed to. of the cholera. On this subject he did not wish toescite any Mr. SPOONER moved to add iron and coal works to the undue alarm, but he felt he should not act a fair or (enmity xempti .ns in this clause. part either teethe house or the public if he was to conceal the Lord MORPETH had no objection to admit the amend fact that it had been ascertained that the cholera was ment as to iron works, but could not extend th exemption advancing in precisely the same track which it had pursued to c.:llieries, which be was informed might be dealt with by is 1832, and that its approach had been husked sit w.,' in the machine s now in vogue; and in many of the distric a in the last visitation by the 'Mae precursors--he influenza and which collieries were situated much of the benefit of the diarrhea. He regretted to state that it did not COMP in a clause would be lost if it were applied to such works. softened degree, and therefore he tnought it necessary to Mr. FORSTER opposed the clime altogether, which he state a few facts and particular which had been received believe d owed its origin to the ournerisus patentees of ineen. from Britivh ministers end consuls abroad. He found from thins for the consumption of smoke. Ile would move that a return received from See Petershurg up to the latest date, o the claws be omitted. • that in that city there had been 17,000 cowes of cholera. `•" Mr. W BROWN also opposed the clause. these theta had been 10.138 deaths, and 4,618 eases of cure; Mr. BRIGHT observed that this clause comprised all the no that the proportion of deaths from that malady at St. absurdities of all previous smoke bills. Hon. gentlemen who Petersburg had been in the proportion of 57 in every 100, advocated this clause could not he aware how injurioualy it while the cures were only 26 in every 100. At Moscow would affect the manufactures of the kingdom. But, beyond there had been 9,754 cases, of which there were 4,309 deatba. this, as it stood, it could never be carried out ; no magis- It was further stated theist o.le4a,theotherextremity of ltus- trete would ever he able to r onvict upon it. A penalty was sir, there had seen 13:1 CAW, of which 44 ended in death, and imp teed in all cases where the nuisance arising from opaque only 33 had recovered. In various parts of Bessarabia the Miele ra smoke was not abolished if practicable. Who was to decide was advancing repidly, and in e'ontarabia, Duchene, and whether it was practicable or not ? Fifty different pun other places, the greatest alarm prevailed. At Goa, during tees would i ach tell you that it was practicable, but only by the last week, the cholera has increased, though the niur. means of his particular invention. (A laugh.) Then who tality had not been great, hut in • village distant s hoot One was to decide b e tween opaque and transparent smoke ? hour's ride from that city, nearly the whole population had Whether it was opaque or not would often depend upon the perished. At Jassy the deaths had been at the rate of 100 background. It was childish to legislate in this way. to 130 per day, and the consul stated that the malady ap- The ATTORNEY GENERAL could not deny that the peered to be sat quite a novel character. being so rapidly de- clause, if pawed in its present shape, might occasion some 'trochee that the victims were carried o ff in two or three difficulty, and he should be glad if his hon. friend could hours. This was attributed to the extreme heat of the sea. suggest such alterations as would make it a good working sou, and it was added that all the tribunals and schools were clause. clued; and, to increase the misery of the population, an Mr. BRIGHT believed that would be impossible. (A enormous swarm of locusts had appeared in all directions. laug h.) In the neighbourhood adjacent to Jassy the cholera was Pr. MACKINNON reminded the house that a general raging with great violence. At Belgrade It was preys bill for putting an end to the smoke nubance had been lent; and a swarm of caterpillars, such as never before strongly recommended by a committee of that house, and had been seen, had appeared in the valleys, and destroyed he did not think that the fact that the remedy in the case of every plant—the roads were literally black with them, and the furnaces of hon. gentlemen opposite would cost some with their presence the cholera raged. It was subsequently 201. to 301. each should stand against the adoption of a stated from Belgrade that the malady raged in a most dreadful form, and the consul rated he had not heard of a mewure which was necessary for the public conveni ence and the public health. (Hear.) single case of recovery. The last extract to which lie should Mr. BRIGHT would be glad to pay the hon. member call attention was from Grand Cairo. The consul-general 501. if he would remedy the evil in his furnace. stated that there the Asiatic cholera had appeared in a form Mr. Duommoon and ell. P. HOWARD opposed the clause. of unusual malignity. Hitherto its ravages had been confined Lord bIORPETIL—As the Attorney General informed to the city itself ; but what was meet melancholy and extra- him that the clause would not work, he should hardly think ordinary was, that although the sufferers had received all it worth while, under the circumstances, to incur the odium possible aid from medical men of great experience and ac which, whether justly or not, seemed to attach to its adop ctistomed to treat the disease, not one case had been saved, lion: the more so, es he thought one great object in carrying but every patient had died in the course of a very t he bill should be not to put anethiug in it which should in few hours utter the that attace. 110 (L ,rsl Morpetli) duce parties to uprose its operation, sod thus, in a measure, did not suppose that the adoption of this bill or any of to f rustrate t h e heath.. it was calculated to confer. He its clauses would be expected to arrest the approach of this wished it, however, to be understood, that his opinion was malignant and mysterious disesae,which seemed to be breed- unchanged as to the importance of putting a stop to the inc over the whole of Europe ; but still alltestimony uu the smoke nuisance, and he should feel bound to adopt or support subject went to show that if they could not arrest its pro- any measure which might hereafter be introduced for that gresa or prevent its arrival in this country, they still might purpose. Ile would withdraw the clause. (Hear, hear.) very mates hilly modify its effect., if not save some districts Mr. MUNTZ oho reed that although the smoke nuisance altogether from its raragrs He had with him a very able might be miverially reduced by care, no scheme that belied volume of the British and Foreign Medic al and Chirtsrgical ever heard of would put an end to it altogether. He hoped, Jimmy, containing an article which showed that in any in framing an' new measure on the subject, practical men country it era. possible to foretell the locality in which the woold be consulted, and that the matter would not be left to cholera would appear, and the class of people who would be mere theorists, who knew nothing of manufactures. affected by it. The locality would be where the air was Clause struck out. damp from .:halation, from rivers and marshy grounde, or Clause 67, ventilation clause. 'the re vs getable and animal matter was, by negler, allowed Lord MORPETH toed that the Lords had struck out this to eccumolate, and the clays of people who would meet clause. As it was connect d with the smoke clause, which severely Buffer would be those exposed to these noxious irate had also been struck out, he was inclined to agree to the cues. In fact during the last visitation of the malig. amendment. Amendment agreed to. nant distase it raged moat severely in Mauch,' Clause 68, requiring the registration of common lodging. ter and other large towns in the vicinity of the houses. water-courses, and in districts which were notoriously in a Mr. HENLEY said that as this clause had been amended bad sanitary condition. These were the localities which in it the Lords, the Iluminume and the public hotels would tilted and wooed the approach of the choler', and the clue he obliged to register as common lodgieg-hcuses. He ob which had been decimated by its ravages were the pourer jeeted to the amendment. classes. thus t xposol to the attacks of this mast malignant After an ohservation from the ATTORNEY-GENERAL the and mysterious discus.. Oa these grounds he felt justified amendment was negatived. in cabbie UPON the committee to adopt this amendment, Clause 75, local bear's may provide places of recreation. convinced ,bat in making the tromositiou he had done what Lords' am. ndoteet, " with the approval of the genteel in him lay ti prevent the . xtensien of this most dreadful beard." pestilence. (Hear, hear.) The nublo It el moved the amend- Lord hIORPETII expressed his approval of the words ment to the effect already rated. added by the L ode. Agreed to. Mr. HENLEY thought the amendment, so materially Clause 79, maiater.ance and construction of public cisterns altering the character of the hill, ought to have been printed for gratuitous toe. Lords' amendments empowering church ar.d is the hands of members before the noble teed rotted wardens arid overseers to construct in :he absence of local them to adopt it. With respect to the malady which it was boards. Agretel to. said was about to visit this country, he would only observe Clause tie. Leeds' amendments agreed to without dis that if it did come in the ordinary time within which it had cession. heftier reached tle se ehures, it would be here before the Clare 83, burial grounds, &c., dangerous to health may machinery of this hill could be brought into operation. be prohibited. Proviso added by the oords—" Provided Under all erCuM,PanCti., he asked the noble lord to make that nothing herein contained shall pr , ju see or aff, et the this si cone power conferred upon the central beard provi- right of interment iii an) family vault ce burial-piece." sional instead of direct. Mr. HENLEY objected to this proviso. The clause re- Lord MORPETH said the, ton the understanding that cited that these burial grounds were be pr, p judi ermitt cial d to the there would be no further uppositisin to the clause, he was public Lealth. If so, they s not under willing to invert a proViso making the power provisional, and reumetancec. (Hear, hear.) not direct. an Lo c r ' d ItlOßPliall b el l ved that the proviso had been in- After a short conversation, in which Mr. Neeshgate, Mr. traduced out of respect for family feenngs. . Urquhart, Mr. Carden 11, the Attersiey- General, Mr. Ald. Mr. HENLEY considered that it the practice wash:ill/thee Sidney, Mr. Mackinnon, and Mr. K. Seyruer to part, Vie it should be stopped altogether. amendment was agreed to with the proviso as suggested by Mr. lIUME theught that the clause should be struck oat. Mr. 11 , 1ilry. The ATTORNEY .GENERAL agreed with his hon. The amendments to dames 9to 36 inclusive were agreed (rived in thinking the proviso at variance with the principle to withseit discussion. On the Lords' amendments to clause of the clause. It looked like mating one law for the 37 being nut, rich ane another tor the poor. If the abolition of Lord MORPETH said he was not prepared to disagree each burials was necessary for the public health, he did not with all the amendments made he this clause ; fur instance, think that considerations of family feelings should stand in 1 he approved of the provision which made the removal of the the wet'. (Hear, hear.) local surveyors from their office dependent not on the mere Mr. MACKI NNON opposed the proviso, grounding his will of the local board, but subject to the approval of the vote on the evidence he had heard given before the public , I central board. This would make the surveyors independent, health oommittee. as they ought to be, of local authority or influence. lie Col. SIBTIIOIIP supported the proviso. If the living was willing, however, to strike out the " inspectors of representative of the house of Mackinnon was not anxious nuisances" from the proviso. to lay his bones along with those of his ancestors, he (Col: M t objected to the Lords' amendment, which Sibthurp) was. (Laughter.) went to cripple the powers of the local boards over their own Mr. MACKINNON, in reply to the observation of his servants. hon. and gallant friend, had only to say that as far as his The ATTORNEY - GEN ERAL defended the alteration, feelings were concerned, he had much rather be buried in the highway, than in a family vault, it the latter mode were on the ground that the surveyor ought to be independent of the Weal board. proved to he injurious to the health of the living. (Hear.) Mr. HENLEY and Capt. PECHRLL opposed it, as a further Col. SIBTRORP—So would I. (Much laughter.) This extension of centralisation, and a departure from the erinci- is too grave a subject for jesting. (Hear, bear.) The hon. plea ot local government. member for Lymington declines to lay his bones along with Mr. BROTHERTON thought it right that the removal those of his father, but where my father lies there will I lie of the sutveyor should rest with the general board. Owing aiso. I will do it, sir. (Much laughter.) 1 to local jobbing a man might often be discharged simply be- The proviso was rejected. cause Ise did his duty. Clause 80, local boards may purchase pleasure-prone& ' Mr. HUME supported the same view. Lords' amendment : " With the approval of the general board. " Sir W. CLAY expressed his anxiety to maintain local Lord MORPETH proposed to amend the Lords' amend. ' government, and did not think a sufficient case was made out meta by confining the control of the general board to cases for the lords' amendment. Most important duties were en in which the purchase money exceeded 5001.—Agreed to. trusted to the local board, and yet the anomaly wits proposed Clause 119, local boards not to execute certain contracts os taking away from them all authority over the servant w ithout notice, &e. they , : ppoiht d. It was said the Joel commissioners might Mr. MUNTZ thought the clause so objectionable that he be jobbers : lout suppose the surveyor had job, of his o t n to would move its entire omission. promote, which was not impossitle , he might set the local hoard at deflince. It was incredible that a board of commis-Mr. NEWDEGATE supported the amendment — The skitter', elected by the people, would so defy public opinion as to remove ai, officer because he did his duty. ngamet the clause, LS amended committee . divided— ._. 52 Mr. VILLIERS thoueht the genteel board would be as Fur the clause 47-5 much alive to public opinion as the local bo ard. He coma The clause was acco rause dingly struck out. dercd the amendment suppl ied a very salutary control. With record to cl 127, Mr. MUNTZ was opposed to any increase of centralise- Lord MORPETH said that the lords' amendments upon tion, or to anything which might create hostility between this clause empowered the poor-law auditor to audit the ac the general and the local board. If the local authority was counts in all cases. lie thought that woulc. be objectionable the ments in this clause. i o n .v ....of .z r o po re r pre ate pted wns w to h dis o a lla r t e an fr a: m dito th r e o a f m t e h n e d ir_ The motion was agreed to. The remaining amendments, with the schedules, were then agreed to, sod the bill as amend. d reported to the hose. A conference was then aointed for to-morrow his day u ) to discuss the amenumeets wi th the House of Lords. TAXATION. On the motion that the house resolve itself into a commit tee of supply, Mr. EWAILT rose to move "that it is expedient there be a revision of our present system of taxation ; especially with a view to extend the commerce of the country and to increase the employment and comforts of the people." The time had now come when it became necessary to consider the tax at ien of the country with ts view to its revisiou, but he begged to guard himself in the outset from being supposed to advo cate any vast or sudden change from the system of indirect to that of direct taxation. The present system of taxation was a complete maze and labyrinth, and the Chancellor of the Exchequer could confr no greater benefit on the country than by reducing to order the present undigested main. They ought to do something to convince the people of this country that they appreciated the patience with which they endured their privations. No people could be more descry ing of attention at the hands of the government. In conse quence of the events on the continent the value of the exports from this country had fallen off two or three millions. They could only make up for this loss by extending their trade with China and America. The first thieg, therefore, they should do would be to reduce the tea dirties, and as soon as possible the tobacco duty. The system of indirect taxation principally affected the poorer classes. Ti.ey were also the greatest sufferers frern the adulteration of articles on which high duties were placed. These considerat mu should have weight with the government and the house. But the princi pal consideration was that these duties tended to limit the extension of their commer. e, and, therefore, the employment of the people. The people were beginning to complain loudly of these duties. At Liverpool and Manchester associations had been formed, for the purpose of poicting out to the government and to the country the moat practicable and ututtimal modes of redistributing the taxation of the em pire, and iu especial of relieving commerce from the burdens with which it was oppressed so injuriously, rot only to the trading classes but to the whole community. The duties upon tea required thorough revision. Tea was an article which, from being merely a luxury of the rich, had become a necessary o: the poor, and were the duties upon it placed on a proper footing, there would scarcely be a limit to the consumption of the article—a result which, while practically most productive to the revenue, would create an im mense increase in our trade with Chins, and there by a vast addition to the employment of the poor. With a duty of one shilling on tea, he had no doubt that England would become the great depot of tee for the whcle western world. The duties on tobacco, also, required imme diate anti thorough revision. This was a tax which fell very hardly upon the poorer classes, with whom tobacco was a necessary of life. There could be no doubt that a proper re duction of the duties on tobacco weuld materially augment the revenue, for, at present, the excessive amount of the tax so encouraged Iraud of every de , cription in the conduct of the trade, that the far greater proportion of the artiele sold as tobacco, was either smuggled altogether, or so extensively adulterated, as to produce, in comparison with the consumption of the commodity, a very inadequate revenue. A simplification of these and similar duties would enable the government to make laree reductions in the cast of our customs department, and almost to dispense ultimately with our coast guards a service, alone costing the country nearly 400,0001. per annum. The curse upon which the right Lon. baronet the member for Tamworth had entered, in the abolition or reduction of duties, had been attended with such beneficial effects to the country, in every respect, that he was only surprised that the present government had not more determinedly followed in his footeteps. There was the article of soap: it was generally admitted thatcleanlinese was something beyond a mere comfort, that it was an absolute virtue a circumstance essenti d to the public health, but the excise duty on the article, while it intertered most injuriously with trade, effectually precluded the due practice of this virtue. He considered that it would be an excellent thing to abolish altogether the duty on soap. Another excise duty which he would fain sweep away was the duty on pa per, a duty materially impeding the progress of education, and coneequently the progress of social happiness and well being, and at the same time greatly cramping a branch of commerce which might other else be largely extended. He objected, further, to the duty on bricks as interfering more especially with the comfort of the people. There were other taxes in relation to which canmutation might be adopted— the window-tax, for 'astute. There was the duty on fire insurances, again it this duty were reduced one-half, the re would be at least thrice the amount of revenue derived from it. The duty on advertisements was one which might be reduced seith infinite advantage to the revenue, as well as to the com- Ia the United States, where the advertisement duty was on a proper footing, the number of advertisements which paid duty to the state, was 10 millions to 700,000 in England. The stamp duties needed close revision, for at present, while on a basis least calculated to benefit the state, they operated most injuriously upon the 'wearer classes of the community. Mr. Stewart. in his able may on the " Facili• [alien of the Transfer of Landed Prmerty," has pointed out inn most lucid manner the impediment placed by the un equal imposition of these duties oa tLe proper circulation of land. As to the legacy and probate duties, the interest of the state and of the community would be best consulted by abolish ing them altogether, and placing on them duty applicable to the the acquisition by bequest of every d. scription of property, landed as will as personal. Mr. Iluseiseen had emphati cally urged the commutation of our taxation, and the trans ference of the main burden from commerce to property. la this view, Mr. P. Thompson, Sir 11. Parnell, Lord Althorp, and many otter able politicians bad fully cor.curred, and the right hon. member for Tamworth had practically admitted his adherence to the principle in the imposition of the income tax. One great benefit from the system of direct taxation would be the enormus economy in collection. Fully two thirds of the present expenditure under this head would be saved by carrying out the views which he advocated. He asked for no wild change. He only sought to raise the ne cessary revenue of the empire by means less open ssively weighing upon the industry of the country and the happi ness of the community at large. The CHANCELLOR ()like EXCHEQUER said thst hr agreed for the most part in the pinup:es enunciated by his hon. friend, and he had endeavoured to act upon them as closely as the circumstances of the country had enabled him. It would be a source of the highest gratification to him to proceed further in the course suggeste.l by his hon. friend, es the finances of the country should admit of his doing so. He fully acknowledged the inequalities which se injuriously characterised many features of our taxation, and he could assure his hon. friend that he would apply his best endea vour' to their removal. (Hear, hear.) Mr. HUME enforced the necessity of carrying out the reforms suggested by his hon. friend at the earliest possible moment, convinced as he was that, so far from lessening the revenue, the reductions contemplated wou l d raise the revs. nue to a far greater amount than it now presented. As to the government, according to their own account, they would never Lave sufficient means at their disposal enabling them to reduce taxation. The more they had, the more they spent, end the more they wanted. His hon. friend had cot gone into the usessed taxayell of which required close revision. There was the duty on carriages ought to be ab dished. There was the window tax, t.,: what tax more needed removal, for the sake of tl.e public health and comfert? The probate duty afforded e strong proof of the selfishness of the landed classes; for when the two bills imposing that duty upon personal and real estates were- before parliament the first only was p-issed, whilst that taxing the descent of reel property was read a third tiox, but never imssed. He never xpected to see any relief from t :Ratio.' accomplished until parliament stepped in arid put an end to the extravagant expeneiture of ministers. At the same time he was of opinion that the house could not enter into the subject at that late houro.or, at the present p. nod of the union. Dr. BOWRING regretted also the lateness of the period at which the hon. member had bronght forward Ws motion, whit totally precluded the house from goitre into the sub. jest. He believed, however, his bon. friend's speech would produce an effect on the country. Mr. COBDEN suggested that it would be better not to divide the house on the motion, although he entirely cnn cuffed in it. The question was a. highly important one, but it was too late in the session to discuss it with advantage. Mr. HUME asked whether it would rod be b. tter to post pone the navy estimates until the iTi .encv of the committee was in the hands of hon. members After some discussion between Mr. Cobden, Lord J. Rus sell,Mr. Conic, and Mr. F. Miele, the motion was nega tived without a division, and the ord. r of the day for going into committee of supply was postponed until Wednesday next, at five o'clock. SUPPLY REPORT. The report of the committee of supply was brought up, and the resolutions were read from the chair. On the resolution for granting the sum of 28,4451. fur the British Must urn being propos. d, Mr. FIUME took the opportunity of stating that the Grenville library, the gift of which to the nation had been so highly and justly lauded by the right hon. baronet the member for Tamworth, was lying unarrarged and covered I with dust at the British Museum, and owing to the neglect of the officers this most interesting collection of booth was utterly useless to the public. Dr. BOWRING said that there ought to be a classed as well as an alphabetical catalogue of the books in the library of the British Museum. The resolutions were agreed to, and the report was re ceived. MILITARY INSTRUCTION. s soldiers H UMSe f a t Mr. F. : 1 s L ma c: E n c o t e dv o a e rb t n d : i d eb t c i ih ut d o n e : barr acks. is to :n c t e c th ou e l r d et p u ro m pe s a r s ly be f i u n r g Milt should be supplied. He hoped his hon. friend would withdraw his motion, and rely on his (Mr. F. Maule's) &s -our acme that be would give all the information that he could consistently with the duties of his °like. A o th i e ea t o r A o w amend t Mr. HUME adopted the suggestion, and the motion was u wi N th e d w ra b w i n lls . were orderedr.:detnytd,h t he ° Cot ta bf itme b odo r f n o t, : h g elA in on the motion of such certainr so me e r m t e inst ructions fs given e l at i t v o e o t o ffi the oe n mili taryand e t ; h e n e odf reign th the e omt Mr. oh Re S : e : o ri o l f e. R tn a : , amend Majesty, part of Vold court. laws relating to the removal of the pour ;" of Viscount SOLICITOR GENTRAL, for abolishing cervein offices in the petty bag in the High Court of Chancery, an d for regulating the practice of the common law These bills were severally brought an- S read a first time. The house adjourned at a quarter to 1 o'clock. BOTAL BANK OP AUbTRAL7 eting of the shareholders was called yesterday-, at the offices in Moor gate-street, but Its object was co niy to adjourn until news arrived from Sydney, of whici., the directors are in daily anticipatton. ... Zit 135, MAILS. The malls for British North America, and the t. atbit,k will be made up en the evening of the I I th Aug, The West India Mails, excluding linnhta, Hcmdurea, New Chleans% Vent Crux, I . .tnipto,, to f i c.",:e, Including thoee for Madeira, Jacmel, Carthage', , Charms, Panama, West Coast of South America, exd Nicaragua, will be made up on the morning of lb. ITth The math for Vigo, ?porn% Lisbn, blade" L e i. , _VW. will be made upon memento., of the NM Aug. ( Atr4 Tie overhaul mails It Citbr.ltar, M. I, Ore, 'he Egypt Aden, tX‘plon, India, Hung-Kong, and ae k ry ton, will be made upon the evennelf of the lUM Au v.t . 4Tta4 The overland tired eta Marseille., to b k xed , Egypt, Aden, Ceyloa, India, Hoag-lions, am, la Will be . evening of the 24th Aug. The mails for New South Wales, Tan DieUlllll'S Unad_ Zealand will be matte up on the evening of me t-t A °Asa - Z .. 4 Tine ma ils roe the Urea :vat of Atrial and 31 Alm. et tap on theiivening of the 71st August ri Therm:Ala for Use LU.114, the hirer Plate, 3loate eis e; boo, m.xim. and MA.oa evening of the 4th September. NOTICE TO ADVE:ITISau The camber of STAMPS Mimed by b.: a t .q,..,, t4. Stamp-office, donut 1847, to the _ _ --- - - DAILY NEWB was 3.447.00. This, we believe, is with* eight per cent p ' h a ._ truedto the Morning Herald, Somme C4,...,47 1 tiorrono Pat, ALL MUT TUOlrtgLis. --"' ill In addition to PI- above, issued to t! e DAILY SIB Morning Paper, there were issued for tile Leo... 7 u' THE EXPRESS 773,714 Which we more , we believe, then were watt he °kJ& or StaredOrvi. E•eFirit Paper . glen 1111114 AkT LUmotr. KN,UOt T.ts ri PM 7: 88, r 8 ". To.mteawr—lbisa/MA...../1 8 . , 5; a.. '47l W tat LONDON. TUESDAY, AUGUST; Tue red republics of France and of have been fairly drowned, the fist io the last in ridicule. And the difficulty is Cases is, how to deal with the vanquished. • the question was merely how to chastise sod ge„' of the leaders, it were more simple; bat the is, that the parties really arraigned and tee* • that remain to be gu rded against, are large . of the lower and working orders, infected with of those possessed of influence, authority, see perty, that hatred strengthened by certain and creeds, which give the appearance of right . the support of conscience, to efforts fur overeat; the social condition as well as the political work of society. But in the time in which we live, it is imptesie,,i, either government or the upper classes to go fee eel armed with mistrust and deadly weapons &Oar disaffection of the lower. Our gentry cannot Only the barons of old- —behind battlement+ at home, W coats of mail when they walk forth. We cause. peud all the revenues and resources of a cost i ' keeping peace by force. No country con be ir e d , preserving that requires a standing tinny se at , Employ force and intimidation as we will, we er* . always look forward to a peried when intisileis must cease, when force must be withdrawn,indei s the governing must lie down and walk abort* the governed, protected by a certain degree afefle. tion and respect. And let martial law prevail any number of weeks or months in the set • Ireland or the regions of the. French capital, e 4 time must come when it will cease, sod it ir effect produced on the popular mind by Is t restraint, that must be looked to. It' feelings ohs eentment are exaerrbated, and the demonise epee social revolt merely kept down for a timo, but neth removed nor softened, then has labour been lortr: rigour expended in vain. Let us look especially to the case of France. Tin the moderate party in the National Assembly hares dered an inquiry into the causes of the late intone - tima the result of which inquiry has been s reps throwing very little light on the causes, led peremg accusing the three fon moat chiefs of the nitrides cratic party of complicity in those terrible days. must confess that we doubt altogether the Iroise either the inquiry or of the report and we Tisk still mote the wiadomof the mode of procedure. This is precisely the moment when the FreechNe t:onel Assembly required the utmost unanimity, n ' the closest understanding between all modem and sensible men, for the founding of a constitmix the election of a president, and the meeting serious alternatives of counter revolutions ic capitals of Germany, joined with the military* ceases and advance of the German General in by Yet this is the moment chosen to convert the Asir bly into a field of combat, and into a el iminal core justice, where scenes of the fiercest strife ::nd snag. must ensue, and where no one good result, ens: justice, is likely to be obtained. It was apparent from the recent division and en that the parties in the Assembly well nigh bike each other; and it was also apparent tie this balance is only preserved by the aloes publicans aiding the moderate republicans an their support. At such a rnomeq conservative or monarchic side ope ns this imam prosecution, which goes to annihilate the ultra-repel !jeans, and it calls upon the ministerialists, or modes republicans, to help them. Is it not probabk tk such an attempt will fail, especially when we we a reading the report that the criminality of the some members is by no means satisfactorily or irrefra.sk proved? We have ourselves little doubt of the os plicity of LEDUC ItOLLIN, LOUTS Bt sac, id CAUSSIDIERE, in the a .veral movements. But sea really less convinced of this since the reading of ti very lame, ut.connected, and inconclusive :reran. l a trial, it it proceeds before the assembly, milli from the first a political struggle, not a jades inquiry, and its consequences will be the atedi estrous divieiene, followed by trifling roiliest to the guilty, and, at the same time, the sting up of all those bad passions and resentrseteeieds mob, which one had hoped to see quenched ander* ruin of the barricades. Should war become tree table, the foremost instruments of it will be theist republicans. If France needs soldiers, she awl refuse arms to her bravest sons. And the trieli Levity itot.LIN will be a bad aceomponiteent toile march of the communist legion from che ratcmata d Itomaireville to the camp of the army of Italy. One of our English contemporaries, cotiunk#l upon this accusation, asserts that the nesse parties who in the French convention lost their ISO did so, because they had not previously eat off the opponents' heads when this was in their pew; According to this doctrine, mercilessness is the s security, and the only mode of preserving rear*' from the rancour of enemies is to exterminate then whatever their numbers. This may constitute! moral and p.litical principle of tne b a rbarian aid b! Asiatic, but it is neither tenable nor possible nen climate. The French, we may he sure,will Ow! erect political eeaffoLls ; the very idea is renugoid:, them. The blood spilt in the great rev olutio n . not proceed so much from the rancour of the tion or of its members as from the iinfortanster that the people thirsted for blood, and memben! bid each other in popularity by indulging themes bed propensity of the peopl... No such ta ir , tendency exists now; and most accursed ROW ; the person or the party that would awaken it. tio T n h f e ro l m ris the g and who are too contemptible to sm trait perinw o v v r e e rn ac m h. ent p are arliam m . e a n v t e w ryilldigiffverell4itlc blanche to deal with the insurre ction Le , „, thies. The great question is , ho w is the gont to make use of its victory, and how is it to !en:, vanquished, so that the large mass of the Irian c lnr i may be recovered from their hallucinatioa , their rancour, their reetlessnen quieted e ll !,17.i the power of the crown, as well ai by n e ee l ,7 o its beneficence? We do not consider th agents use of rigour and the hearkering to the a s of vengeance the best way to these resatsspa no use or possibility in our day, of the sown the statesman. FROM the very beginning of the morete";,a sanitary reform the conduct of the Wax 0 1 ""'"i has presented a contra st to that of the itc° Be , C om mons most honourable to the fort:curl: ol3 :d'. 0 fore the Commons took up the question nt 'L A i t . Lords twice passed a sanitary measure inUeMis Lord NORMANII4. The Commons rejected the,'? introduced by government last e.ssion, and unl ao the measure of the present year after theY ain o their best to strip it of every provision r. 4„ i be give it power and efficiency list n'g". i unabated hostility awed Lord 3lotarta 13:1,, temporising opposition to some of the get ll . , e 2 , by which the Lords had re,tored to the nv-7,0 portion of ita original vita:ity, ea a bribe V% the sl' seding .