The Express. — London, England, 1852-10-12 00:00:00

ghe entreoo• TO CORRICSPONDENTO, •essure SWIMS 4 .. “ 76 easslare "Obese pahliehed mere Toriley ea.l otaht, fie pot. haellametailalealed The tepees; bake Weals' per, met be lathe Oilea 18. ileearkeartet. he Two Ode& ea the Mg et piled's& MOE WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tam Dal—sSll&W, 01.&10a..... .... .Afsmoso. IC lam To.vottow—Loop. lb. 5fm........./Vmosemb lb. M. LONDON, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13. Recatitrs are at a premium. Both in military and political concerns the supply is exceeded by the demand. Mr. WALPOLE has not been able to get his expected contingents of militia men in one-half the populous districts of England; and when =Ber et-fact Lords-Lieutenants of counties write for in structions to the Home-office, he is wholly unable to tell them what they . are to do. Ascribing his Ul m-else to Anti-Militia placards, the Home flume- TART, it is said, intends to prosecute a few members of the Peace Society. How much good will that do him f The Right lion. Gentleman is apparently very ' much in the distressing predicament which still ex cites all infant sympathies fur a certain mythic per sonage, who " lost his sheep, and didn't know where to find them." His learned mind no doubt is revolv ing some novel scheme of bounties or ballot—impez tial impressment or special pay, in order to eke out , the imperfect returns of each volunteer quota. He was warned abundantly that the system proposed last ses sion would to a great extent fail, and the revolt has proved it. To a question of pounds, shillings and penes the question must sooner or later come; and if the House of Commons are not disposed to entrust Mein BERTSTORD with a million or so foe extra bounties and pay, he will continue to be oat-bid by Australian and iftlifornian attractions, in half the market towns in the kingdom. Whether the country wants the militia, or thinks it does, is quite a dif ferent question. AU we arc just now concerned with is the administrative emergency which clearly , indicates that no more recruits arc to be had without minable consideration. The political recruiting establishment is said to be in about as unsatisfactory a condition. The Swat- TART of the 'Mr ASURT begins to count the days that , are still to pass before the assembling of parliament ; yet a majority of reliable votes do not appear even on , paper. On summing up the list of casua l ties and ac- , oessioos after the general election, the muster roll , did not contain above 290 names of members to whom Mr. FOREKS !Sheets= could venture to ad dress a circular. The interval that has since elapsed has doubtless been occupied in energetic blandish ments and touching navvies. We may readily imagine with what benignity the smallest favour has been granted, and with what impatient zeal every casual opening has been seized for the re-establishment of intimate relations with long alienated friends. The mystic words, " A safe man wanted for Derby," seem to have been uttered in the creak of every official hinge and echoed in the ring of every official bell. A whole corps of "safe " men were wanting for Derby ; and despite of all the arts and suasion of the Whipper-in, many are want- , ing still. It is surprising how little progress has been made towards the attainment of the much desired majority. , English Radicals and Irish Catholics prove alike im practicable : and as for disappointed Whip, there arc not half a dozen in the three kingdoms who are subject to even the suspicion of meditating apostacy. Who these are we shall willingly abstain from men tioning by name, until they either record their , renegade votes, or are recorded as having obtained , their respective recompences in the columns of the , Ilezette. Should that Jay . never actually arrive we shall thus be spared the pain, and the public the dis gust, of such scandals: but if, on the other hand, it should become necessary we shall not shrink from designating as they deserve those who may betray public confidence, by siding with • faction sworn to keep down and repress what it terms " the noxious ' and dangerous influence" of the people. Our duties ' in this behalf, however, are fortunately not likely to be very onerous or irki:ome. No sincere Liberal of any shade of sentiment can hesitate in lending his hearty aid in driving . contemptuously from office on the first suitable occasion a set of men who, if they adhere to their professed convictions, are only lying in official ambush beei.le the path of Industry, Com merce, and Art, waiting for the word from their chief " Up, Guards, and at them!" and who, if they have renounced their prin ciples in the hop and for the easel retaining power, are no better t ha n a party of a political swell mob, travelling under the assumed name of "Farmers' Friends,' and offering to play with false dice. Even lukewarm Liberals will eschew the damaging repute of tacit complicity in a scheme of which whatever is not toryissn is trickery, and whatever is not trickery is terrain. But there are a certain number of individuals in the House of Commons whose position it may be fairly avowed is distinguishable in some degree from the great bulk of those who fill the benches of op position. We allude to the portion of the Peelite party who daring the latter months of last erasion were accustomed to sit as it is termed below the someway, desiring thereby to mark their distince hen from the members of the late and its supporters. We do not allude to the eiramutance in say spirit of cavil or unkindliness• bat imply in mike to smelt a bet that ammo s ometimes to be sembeked i —ummely, that of the adherents of the Ms Sir BM= Peat. there wem even during last melee those separate 'victimise—one that 611014 united with the Liberals,—another that as decidedly took its side with ministers,—and • third of wham isolated position we have spoken above. Among those who frees the day on which Lord Jollx Rousts. quitted aloe took their seats beside him wen Sir JAR= GRAHAM and Mr. CULDWRLIA The present Duke of Wiuntarom (then Lord Dorm), and several others, avowed with equal promptitude their resolution to re-unite themselves with the bulk of the Tory party. But a section, numbering altogether p erh aps some forty votes, .reseed occupying a neutral post, reserving to themselves the right of eventually determining either individually or collectively their future line of action. Of these it is no limper doubtful that some have dually resolved on joining the Derhyites. Their doing so can excite no surprise. None of them are persons of any pretensions to leadership even arson their own immediate friends. They are each and all of them men who, to do them Justice, never problem' to be Whip of any class or They were led into acquiescence in, rather than very vehemest 6114111111114111 far. Sir Ronan PIST:11 liborabeing anions, hem a conviction that by • sem isms wee it_possible to rol b tl ai tte y emeservadve petty together. Having once espoused Free Trade as • poissig% they felt bound, as ha noorable saes, not to eeaYMe with its open assail ants; but they map imbed, and were ksowa to desire, the abrogation et that sale MST of severance between !bees sad their brow asseeistes. And when the sesame their natural piety en the Tory benches, k will doubtless be open the pis* gives and ressitod, that Free Trade is no mere le be ine- Ts sonlemnd soeh men withmemento to remo il lkni a. would not be quite just. They have never been anything but Tones neutralised in their hostility to freedom of commerce by the infiuenes of the illustrious statesman whom they especially followed : but on all other points sl popular desire or demand thoroughly adverse and opposed to us. Such a man is Mr. WILSON PATTEN, member for North Lancashire, who has qualities which render him personally a favourite with some who dig-r most widely from him ; and whose experience in the business of the House renders it not impossible that he may be proposed as Chairman of Committees. But giving them the benefit of all such supporters, ministers are still in a minority, and aro certain to remain so. Men of earnest convictions, like Mr. GLADSTONE, can never bring themselves to coalesce with shabbiness and shuffling. The ministerial in tellectual helplessness continues what it was from the °utast, for no men who has ever sat is a former cabinet hoe been persuaded to risk his reputation by joining them ; and we trust that no man of this descripties will. Tat expeditions to tbs isy North have thrown no light upon the fate of the gallant seamen who sailed with Sir JOHN FRANKLIN in the Erebus and Terror. Those who hare wattled from tinge to time the results obtained , by each secesedve navigator who has gone 46 the march mast have noted that the only authentic and un doubted information which has been gleaned is that which Captain AUSTIN R.N., and Captaitt PENNY obtained in the autumn of 1850, at Cape Riley and the neighbouring points of the coast of Wellington Channel. It was ascertained that Sir lone FRANKLIN passed on those shores the first winter of his hasardons enter prise,—that during that winter only two deaths occurred amongst the companies of his two vessels, and that in the ensuing spring the squadron again set sail, without leaving behind it any indication of its course. This is the sum total of the knowledge we poems'. Yet, small se this is, it is highly proba ble that if the unhappy obstacle-' about professional jealousies and naval etiquette which at last obstructed Captain PENNY'S exertions had been equally for midable at an earlier portion of his career, neither Sir 11. Aurne nor ourselves would now have even that modicum of knowledge to boast of. All beyond is left to conjecture. Yet we are not without some clue to ma ke conjecture probable. Subsequent researches—and for these we must not for get that the country is indebted to the energy and unfailing bounty of Lady FRANKLIN— have ascertained almost beyond the possibility of doubt that Sir JOHN FRANKLIN'S squadron, on leav ing their winter quarters, did not pus either to the southward or westward of Barrow's Straits. The Prince Albert, • little vessel of some 80 tons, twice equipped by her ladyship for the enterprise, has now returned from her second voyage, after passing up wards of a twelvemonth in the Arctic circle. The results of the labours of her indefatigable commander, Mr. KENNEDY, in that perilous investigation, were yesterday communicated to the public. It is now perfectly clear that even if Sir JOHN FRANKLIN and the lost ships reached Cape Walker, they never got beyond it. Capt. PENNY'S discoveries have made it tolerably clear, that northward and north-west of the Wel lington Channel there exists a passage open when Barrow's Straits are closed, leading into • climate comparatively temperate, and fitted for the habita tion of man, and extending probably to the eastern shores of northern Asia. It further appears, that some five days before the arrival of the Priem Albert at Beechy Island (where her commander re ceived the despatches of Sir EDWARD BELCHER from which we extract these particulars) the squadron under the orders of that gallant commander had steamed up the channel to the point indicated by Capt. PINNY, and hod sot retuned! Yet the distance is short, and if no such passage had existed, Sir EDWARD BELCHER, on detecting the mistake, would indubitably have re turned to the rendezvous at Beechy Island. We may take it for granted, therefore, that the passage does exist, and that Sir EDWARD BELCHER has entered it. May we not equally infer that Sir Jong FRANKLIN did the same before him? It is, at least, good for us to think so, for that is the only hypothesis 'on which can be grounded the strong belief still cherished by many that some at least of that gallant company still survive to reward the expectation of their anxious country. In the present state of geographical science it is difficult if not impossible to come to any other con clusion than that Sir Jong FRANKLIN—not having passed down Prince Regent's Inlet, nor weathered •11 Walker, nor returned home— must have gone up the Wellington Channel and entered the Queen's ChanneL It is true that adverse winds or currents may have afterwards driven him to the eastward and southward of his course, and that his rands may at last have foundered in some of the straits which are supposed to connect those channels with the upper portion of Baffin's Bay. In that ease Sir EDWARD BELCHER and the ships under his command may fail to discover the traces of the loot squadron; but the boats and sledges under the immediate command of his surgeon, Mr. WCoamice, may be more fortunate. That gentle. man, a few hours before the departure of the Prince Albert, had started from Beeehy Island in quest of a passage from Wellington Channel into Baffin's Bay. The strange tale of the cairn of stooge and the bivouac seen on the shores of Jones's Bound by the crew of a passing whaler will, at all events, be now cleared up by Mr. M'Coinace. Some surprise has very naturally been excited by the absence of all definite memorials of Sir JOHN FRANKLIN'S intended route. It is hard to account for the omission; but so it is, that not • document was left by our unfortunate countrymen at any one of the stations which have been visited, by which their future course could be even guessed at. But it is scarcely less extraordinary that there should have been nothing in SirJoett FRANKLIN'S instructions— minute as they were—to lead him to suppose that such was the pleasure of the Admiralty. He is directed "frequently to throw overboard a bottle er cylinder," for the purpose of ascertaining the currents of the Arctic Ocean ; but, of leaving landmarks, or despatches, or any other beau teous of his route for the information of those who might come after him, not one syllable is NIL Nevertheless this negle ct on his part, in a matter where he was not bound to await instructions, is as unaccountable as its consequences have been un fortunate. Shall we conclude without drawing public atten tion to a matter in which the honour of a great and generous nation is deeply concerned f Services the most important have been rendered by Lady FMANIELDI to the cause of humanity. Her private fortune has been expended in thaw accomplish neat. The Prince Albert. whisk for the mead time, anticipating all ether amens of eseanumisation at the disposal of remanent, has named to the Admiralty the tidings of its ewe commanders discoveries, and of the program of thaw of the magma actually engaged its the Antis Seas, is asmetheime a mere mer chan t ship--pmehased, equipped, sad manned stench at the expense efLady Fastezint. Is it creditable to this satin that it should allow each sacrifices to be male dK aa &- not which couserns not alone the earreatsg badly of Sir lows noxious', -but else Madre& nem and, above all, the country whisk they hays sarved, and in serving which they are perishing ' as lave perished- Parliament should mato this. Mi. Hosinwo's PLAN ON h CIZIT&AL ADDITION TO Till BILITIIII MUVII:11.—M11 Ida II hue *LW to Mr. Hooking I. reprint ths mat Isthereserthepreposal in Mr. Hosking's own words, es poseentsd to the trustees of the Mumma la 1849: "My peellest b, thee, to bend in the middle et the qwwhengebe sail, thrissed by the mesas mak bwildlews of the Ithseerth be the weber arm is the eginiormial; pith, • thedidled .thy of he Pilleekelle at Rene—that is to say, of the thipsisiewssed rotunda knew that asna—e• nearly the hi she se risible. y with the sine of the thee, ad with the Mirth% of the linnet lthilisse, sad is to have a grand thstral hall he the exlibiliss el the tar lad an. hapertant works or maple% ef es& -Mbar ehjeln law to the purposes ef the Mama es nest mph, dui theory and equable light wldeb b se well obeethed hunt the et a earth. A quadrilateral ball, mateln ethyl, would bed frees the proems astrrese eastihnie tithe Me th.= isle the peed sestrel hal is setneit, end by the lose M the rota& V o l" • aseidor Oath it le the oath, web, rd worth seepsetively, threwith wow ethepeehasthe added le oaths leveler the flesselthe bower pledger M the Maths ; sad the thaw= weal bid up in • se massed Mew ea the dew if the upper obey, where wen *Mae therkisr abase the setnwis wail afford sloths itelithe of web sa the wpm seth west, and north pi tit" with* the riratread she arks the canintudeetiee eleleike• ernek plasm ' be , The ISOM say. Ow wive believes, Weisel ft • met net es. thedies that or myths of the esdshisi tides et the Mona.." —The &wader. - FdIOCITT or A Cir.—A floe child about ten years of sp, the daughter of Mr. Cornwall, a superannu aced methodist primebor a residing at Nuns Wand in this tows, um. by bet death this week, as we are informed, in a very unusual manner. It moms that, amongst the do seestis animals of the house, this gentleman had • eat which was in the habit of lying upon his eldldrom when asleep, aad on a repeat OblasiOU seratehed one of them severely. The animal was, in consequence, order e d t o be drowned, and the servant accordingly tied • atone to its neck, and gang it into the river. It was, of course, supposed to be dead, but after a week it reappeared at the house in a very famished and wild-looking audition. Having got into one of the upper rooms, it was shut in there by the family, who were terrified by its ferocious appearance, and ' wished to starve it to death. In a short time, however, it i got out of its prison while the family were all at prayers with the exception of the deceased child, who happened to be ulcep in the kitchen. The eat iastantly attacked her in the most furious mentor, and, before any areistance could be rendered, had torn her face anti throat so vicalent!y as to clue her death in a few days.—Golway Mercury. Paocrzoneos I.r Eaaon.—By the Common Law Procedure Act, writs of error are abolished. Error must be brought within six years, instead of twenty years, as under the old system. IMPREFS; FRANCE. X Evaxiso. The great sews of to-day is the President's speech at the dinner at Bordeaux, for which everybody has been anxiously inquiring all the morning. I send a translation : The object of say journey, as yes an aware, was to be owes personally acquainted with oar beautiful provinces of the south, and to study their sinusitis*. It has, however, gives occasion for a auk more important result. In feet, and I my it with a frankness as far removed hem vanity as false modesty, never did a people testify in • direct, owe spontaneous, more unanimous manner, their determination to relieve themselves from anxiety for their future condi ties by consolidating in one hand a power with which they sympathies. (Applause.) This is because the people sow knows both the deceitful hopes with whishit was deluded and the danger with which It was threatened. It knows that in 1862 society must have rushed to Antra :tion, bemuse every party consoled itself beforehand in the prospect of the general wreck, by the hope of planting its own flag upon the rains which might remain. (Sensation, and cries of " Vire l'Empereur.") Disebesed of absurd theo ries, the people has now acquired the conviction that its pretended reformers wen but dreamers, for there was ever a disproportion—s want of logical consequence—between their power of action and the promised result. (Loud ap plause, and cries of " True, true.") The nation now surrounds me with its sympathy, because I do not belong to the family of " ideologues." To achieve the well-being of the country, then is no necessity for the application of new systems, but it is before all things neces sary to give confidence in the present, and security for the future. This is the reason why France appears to wish to re turn to the empire. (" Yes, yes." "Bravo." " Vive l'Empe rear.") There is, nevertheless, one spprehession to which I must allude. In • spirit of mistrust, caftan people ex claim, " The empire is war." Bat I soy, "The empire is peace." It is peace, far France desire it, sad when France is °Patented, the world is tranquil. (These words pronounced is • arm and emphatic tone produced ea immense seseation.) Obey may be bequeathed as an inheritance, but sot war. Did those primes who gloried in being the descend ants of Louis XIV. re•eommenee his combats? War Is not made for pleasure, it is made from atoarity, and at those epochs of transition when, side by side with so many elements of prosperity, so many causes of death also ger minate, we may well say with truth, caned be he who shall be the first to give the signal in Europe of a coalition the cosseqsene• of which would be iseelesilable. I admit, however, that I, like the Emperor, have many coa quests to make. I desire, as he did, to conquer, by conciliation, dissident parties, and to bring back into the current of the great popular streams those hostile rivulets which run to nothing, without profit for any one. I deli» to conquer, by religion, by morality, by prosperity, that yet numerous part of the population which, in the midst of a country of faith and belief, scarcely knows the precepts of Christ—which, in the midst of the most fertile country in the world, can scarcely enjoy mach of the pro- dace of the earth as the first necessity requires. (Sensation.) We have inseam uncultivated territories to clear, roads to make, ports to deepen, riven to render eavigab!it, canals to fiaisli, our network of railways to complete. We hare, opposite to Marseilles, • vast kingdom to assimilate to France ; we have all oar great western ports to bring newer to the American continent, by the rapidity of communication, which we still want; in a word, we have everywhere ruins to re-raise, false gods to cast down, truths to make triumph. (Prolonged up please.) Thus do I understand the empire —if the empire is to be re-established. (Seemliest. " Via l'Empereur.") . . . _ Bach are the conquests which I contemplate, and all you who surround roe, who derive, with me, the good of year country, you are my soldiers. (" Yes, yes." Repeated plaudits.) The importance attached to the speech will be seen from the following telegraphic despatch in the Mossi teur : Bordeaux, Oct. 9, belt-pest 11 at night. The PsimeiNi pieseeding to the Maw given by the Chamber of Carmiseee, posed through ands of the pops lotion, met mains te Waft awl goo bin with acclama tions. At the Moo then nun 111 peons, whilst 800 others circulated is the OWN etas anne ; the reap d'ail wee adadrabie. The lowan use delivered by the Prince, in reply to the to prepeeti by the President of the Chamber of Cinumente. seen essessOsted the whets attention °lases neon& This epee& is a past event, bean the expleasdas alas pan Opens anon, sod ef word I ordered nee - whin the Priam bawds cossoll dattai by the LNitatioos whin France sails for. It is iapendlis is lieseribe the ispression whin it neatest ea these who bean For= os istegrophod by as wannest applossell erns ot *he by s onalosne ery of " ' Yin Ploperour! "It will :.". elernal lawn for the city of Deedeen to bans bees the none of a declaration dodos* to ennise es gnat an infinons. in the future gnosele of the country. Alto as dieser the Prime stepr o d ee rz s t . r sasses to anSiespials the spoor tads of the _ browner, .by the rah sod wink sod ass his 1/1 Gadded ea gas Price ball Worn es Id= by the weld., peodation. The thin net with a resod= of the son entlosiestie descrip tion, with which he esprood his satire satiolindes. After a is whisk hie bigness teen pot, he with drew et tees, eleibe "do a dissend times re poses/. a- Morns' !" Vine Ifspeins 111 !" isneass, Oct. 10, 25 sin. to 12, a.s. Al* anise bawd are at the cathedral, the Prime got Ste In toms as the deer of the church, to proceed directly to the seaway temisue. In spite of the ilia the crowd irmondirmi es his poop jut as inch as the pre • coliag dips, sod salon his Higloatee with the warmest ocianatiene. At twenty .isle pot to the train went off fa Amnia's, sadist tensions erne of " Vin likagrasor ! Chalets, 1 rm. His Highness has jest errind at Chadic ; he was received at the nodes by _the Prefect Si the Chareate, the Dentin, mod the Coonalianosi. Ali the psysionisasef the nosh beensi often bed sambled Se obits the Prime. Os Ids panne any en es% • throned does Vitiated, was heard, th at of " Vin Merlon " Sin the Afternon o His Highness lies saistr il soy llie hil eat,, into Ammo leen. The whale weg kin Bevies: wee ea natio& It is imnelW to deemiks the esdinsion of the paynistien. Tintiints a the assatry anises to the stuaber of wee this dkillidiasseed w Os Yes eine swigs, which WU poled with the not ardent esioadean At the deo Slits Perri liam as as Wed a his clergy, aliellOod the s, ohs led with as greatest triad 5... The Prime's bola is enwillesh The &eels to-day has the courage to expose a ease of monstrous oppression that hasps* occurred in the Kure Four gentlemen of station, residing in that department, M. Davy, formerly a member of the Constituent Assembly, M. Flee', an ex-prefeet, M. l Vaney, see ex-reddent of a tribunal of commerce, and M. Pepin, an send, lately received an intimation from the Marquis de St Croix, the prefect, that some six months ago they had been tried by a mixed commission and sentenced to the surveil , lance of the high polies, and an order to present themselves on a certain day before the commissary of police, in pursuance of the mutate& They re fund to believe it possible that in a civilised country ',Triremes' to have a constitution, laws, and a regular government, could now be legally amenable to a 1 a sentence passed, or alleged to be passed, long ago, by a secret tribunal created in times of trouble and martial law upon the plea of urgent necessity, for the purpose of protecting the state from immediate dangers—they having, till the present moment, re mained in utter ignorance not only of the sentence, but of the accusation and trial upon which it was founded. Accordingly they, relying upon tho 'protection of the common law,declined to welt upon the commissary of police. The next day the prefect issued a decree, ordering them to leave their beau within 24 hours, and to reside in remote rip 'lrmo& M. Davy was to take up hi s ab o d e Dijew (Cdte d'Or), within four days; M. Flea% at Mezilres (Ardennes), within four days; M. Papon, at Saint Brime (Ciates-du-Nord), within five days; and M. Verney, at Napoleon Vendfe (Vendee), within five days. The decree ordered them peremptorily to appear on that very day at the prefecture to receive passports for their destination, and directed, that in case of disobedience, they should be arrested, and conducted by gendarmes to the towns respectively maligned for their internment. The &eel. contends that this decree is illegal, that the courts of law must hold a sentence of an exceptional tribunal kept secret for six months either null and void, or satisfied by prescription. But assuming that no re dress can be obtained from the tribunals or the Council of State, it argues that the Senate, to whom according to the 20th article of the constitution it belongs to annul every unconstitutional proceeding, whether upon the representation of the government or private individuals, ought to interfere. TMe system of keeping convictions secretly hanging over men's heads to bo used against them when convenient, is in harmony with the policy which every now and then brings to light a new law in the Aloniteur, dated in the time of the dictatorship. No men can feel as sured of the lsw's protect , on fur either his life, liberty, or property, because, for ought he knows, they may lAV EVENING, OCTOBER 12, 1852. r be affected by split Imams made at a time when all laws wen The last su i74l: L or the Bullshit des Ades de la Prffecture of t Somme contains the following do cument. important in connection with the coming empire: Astlene, Oct. 9,1862. Messieurs In Sette•Prifete et Maine,-1 baye just re ceived, and I bastes to oosamunicate to you, a despatch from the secretary of the Senate. I request yea to peruse It with attention. and to wafer= to the reavounendatione which it contains: " Palms of the Luxembourg, Oct. 4. " Menvieur le Prefet,—The signatures whki are on the petitions addressed to the senate by the ialabitants of the different communes of your department to demand the re establishment of the empire are not all legalised. It is es sential that this omission should b remedied. In fact, the legalisation is necessary in order to give to each signa ture • character of authenticity; it also (itemising the Senate with the means of appreciating with scrupulous exactness what is the true expression of the national will. at the same time that it prevents party spirit from disputing the since rity of the wishes expressed by the petitiosen. Accept, Itc. (Signed) " Baron Bs Lerlose& " Senator and Secretary of the Senate." BELGIUM. We read in the Emancipation of Brussels, of yes terday : It was expected that the Monileu► of yesterday would enntai• the royal decrees reconstituting the Cabinet. The silence of the official organ has given rise to many contra dietary rumours. The mast reasonable version appears to us to be that which consists in stating that the members of the new Cabinet wen desirous of devoting their first day to drawing up • political CZPOSe, which will be sent to the ifortiteur, with the decrees of nominations. Tho indlpendance says : Although everything confirms what we bare published as to the probable composition of the new cabinet, it does not appear, however, that anything will be definitively settled before one or two days. ITALY. ROME, Ocr. 4. It is more than probable that the decapitation of Ed ward Murray would have been a fail accompli long ago, had not the Austrians raised an unexpected ob stacle to the carryksg out of the sentence, when Murray and his fellow prisoners were sent back to Ancona, after their condemnation to death, in the month of May last: nor is it likely that the nature of the sentence would have been divulged here in Rome, if the authorities had not supposed that whilst they were revealing the awful secret in the capital, it had already been carried into effect in Ancona. It appears that the Austrians objected to furnish troops for the lugubrious ceremony of • guillotine execution, however unscrupulous they might have been in attending a military one, and refused the del .gate's request to bo allowed to send for a com pany of Papal soldiers from Joel or Macerate to guard the fatal scaffold. Before instructions could be received from Rome how to act in such a contingency, and before the prisoners could be transferred for execution to another loca lity, the remonstrances of consuls Moore and Free born, and the petition of the British residents in Rome, rendered the carrying out of the sentence im possible, without giving the papal authorities the ap pearance of acting with malignity and defiance. If this is correct, which I have every reason to believe, the Austrians are the immediate cause of Murray's life having been prolonged, and perhaps eventually saved. General Demean returned to Rome on the 28th ult. He is no favourite with the Romans, who would have preferred a change. In general, reports from the provinces occupied by the Austrians indicate that the inhabitants of those districts are much more satisfied with their patronage than the inhabitants of the capital and its environs are with that of the French. The Neapolitan government has added to the rigours of its passport system since the let of Oct., in the case of British and other travellers wishing to proceed southwards from Rome. The Right Hon. Mr. Nichol was refused the visa to his passport by the Neapolitan Minister a week ago, because the passport, a Foreign-office one, had not been signed by the Neapolitan Ambassador in London. The applicant had, therefore, to get a yew passport from Mr. Freeborn, with which he was allowed to pro ceed to Naples. SPAIN. The Madrid Espana, of the 6th, states that the English engineers, charged to examine the proposed line of railway from the Ebro to the Bidissea, have reported that the difficulties are much less less than were anticipated. A royal decree, dated the sth, orders that the expected sea or daughter of the Duche• de Montpensier shall enjoy all the preroga tives of an Infanta of Spain. GERMANY. The Legislative Assembly of the free city of Frank fort, at their sitting of the Bth, passed the following resolutions : The Awes&ly Worms the besot, , First. That the Assembly NM acknowledges, u in force, the provieime of the law of November 19, 1848, es it has sot bona 'w d. essedios to the views stated is the seabed= tithe Ikeaes of Dee. 31,1849, and also the law of Feb. 20, 1849 ; sad that it seasidlere the cheeps intro dared into the emetitatise la sinus of these laws to be loosi That if the limb shall really carry oat the In tention It has aaasseeed e to eea*e to the resolution of the Dumas Diet of the Mk of Argue, and if it shell coesequally fader elselkes to be proseeded with aimed- Mg to the esippiemen est et the eseedtation end the law of 1828 (upon the adreidee of the Isliabitaab of the country ooly when rural steles en la gesetion), the Legis lative Assembly will lea,, the wells of the responsibility on the Senate. Thi►d. That the Aseashly intakes, the n, that all the rights of this fan el , as well generally as indivi dusky, shall be preeeread in the most caarenient and ener getic =saw against every attempt which may be made against it. DENMARK. LANs from Alton w a ls zfgest the probability that the Deed& Diet. on the 4th inst. for the imess4 time slime mark entered into the circle Cl seastitutismal statis t is now sitting for the last &as. It is believed that the Diet has only been called in order to be dissolved as soon as it shall have pronounced upon the two principal questions to be submitted in the royal message. The Algona Gazette anticipates the early abdication of the King, Christian Frederick, and the abandonment of the constitutional system upon the accession of the Duke of Olucksbarg. A bulletin was issued at Copenhagen on the 3rd inst. announcing that the King had kept his bed for a week and was likely to do so for some time longer. The Volksthing constituted itself on the sth, and on the oth held a sitting to draw up standing orders. THE UNITED STATES. ARRIVAL OF THE NIAGARA. A summary of the following appeared in yester day's Erpreu: At 7 o'clock yesterday morning the British and North American Royal Mail steam-ship Niagara, Captain Leitch, with advice. from New York to the 28th and Boston to the 29th ult., arrived in the Mersey, after a very boisterous . passage, having encountered severe head-winds during the entire of the voyage. In addition to the usual mails the Niagara has brought 31 paseengers, and 118,000 dole. in specie on freight. The Niagara passed the Canada within three hours' sail of Boston, and yesterday afternoon saw the Europa, both of the same line. A great portion of the American journals are occupied discussing the claims of the respective can didates for tho presidential chair. A Mr. Semmes had written a letter to Arch)ishnp Hughes, asking for his advice as to the duty of Roman catholic. in the coming elections. The Archbishop sent the following reply : New York, Sept. 17, 1852. Dear Sir,—l have read throogh, and carefully, the letter -.inch you addressed to me, under date 11th inst., in regard to the pending election of PreNident of the United States, and the part which yea think the Catholic citizens of the Itepublic ought to take in it. The twocandidstes presented are Oenersl Scott and General Pierce. The entire Am.. rican people appear to be nearly 'quell, divided in opinion as to which of these two will make the better chief magis trate. This fact seems to intimate a general opinion that the metre will be safe under the four years Presidency of either. As to the Catholics, they have never been con sailed as to the limited Ades between these two. The probability is, that, like their fellow citizens of other den.- minetioas, they will be divided—some voting lor one CLIP Mast% and some for the other. Like °thin, they are liable to err is their choice. But under all the olreementnew, I should prefer that, voting honestly, each asereding to his own judgment, they should err with the minority, or (what re equally possible) with the majority of their fellow citizens of all denominations, rather than ace them guarded against such desire of erring in their choice of President by any 'We akened iniluener. lam sure that with your enlightened mind and large catholic education, yen will appreciate the reasons on which this, my humble opinion, is founded, whether or not you will agree with me in regard to its jw. tire and expediency. In any event, however, I beg leave to subscribe myself, your sincere and devoted fnend in Christ. - 1* Jelin, Archbishop of New York. Thomas J. Semmes,'Esq. General Scott has been received most enthusias tically.in the State of Ohio, where ho addressed several large meetings held to receive him. Madame Sontag gave her first concert in New York on the 27th, and was received with the greatest enthusiasm by a very large audience, not equalled since Jenny Lind's performances. Oct the same evening Madame Alboni made her debut in Philadelphia, and attracted a brilliant and overflowing audience. Every seat in Musical Hall was occupied, and hundreds were turned away. She was greeted with long-continued applause, and called oat after every song, repeating two in obedience to the applause of the audience. It is now determined that the Japanese expedition ' shall consist of three superior war steamers, viz. : The U. S. steamer Mississippi, Capt. Long, which will leave New York from Ist to 10th of November; I the U. S. steamer Princeton, Commodore Perry, which will accompany the Mississippi as flag ship, and is now at Baltimore receiving her boilers. The third steamer is tho Allegheny, which is now under going repairs at the Gosport navy yard. The Hon. Thomas Baring had arrived in Wash ington, and had paid a visit to President Fillmore, on the 27th, being introduced by W. W. Corcoran, Esq., one of the leading bankers in Washington. Anti-Maine law outrages continue to appear in the American . journals. The house of the Mayor of Lynn, a friend of the Maine liquor law, was entered on the 25th ult., by several rowdies, who defaced the exterior, and soiled the carpets with blacking, &c. They effected their entrance by breaking a window. A barn has been burned in Exeter, and another in Richmond, Providence, both belonging to magistrates who recently decided against men arrested for re sisting an officer in enforcin g the liquor law. The saw mill of Samuel Fry, in West Greenwich, was destroyed by fire on the night of the 25th ult. The important liquor caso of William 11. Greene has been decided against him. The liquor was taken in cus tody by the U. S. marshal to await the decision of the court. Property valued at upwards of 30,000 dollars was destroyed at Brooklyn, on the 28th ult. We learn from the National Intelligeneer that Commander Cadwalder Ringgold, U. S. navy, has been appointed to the command of the expedition "to explore and survey the China and Japan Seas, Behring Straits, and the route to and from California and China," which is in actual course of organisation and equipment, under the auspices of the secretary of the navy, Mr. Kennedy. Orders have been issued for the immediate equipment and adaptation for the service of the U. S. ship Vincennes. at this station. Anthony Menkins, a eweller of St. Louis, to gether with his whole f amily, six in number, was poisoned on the 19th ult., in consequence of partaking of food into which a quantity of arsenic had been put. Two mulatto girls in his employ are suspected of having committed the crime. One of the daughters u dead i the others are slowly re covering. Judge WFariane wee killed by the falling of a heavy casting at hie foundry at Hollidaysbourg, on the 27th ult. He was the editor of the Harrisburg Keystone, and Associate Judge of Huntington county. The papers throughout Louisiana, Albnma, Georgia, and Mississippi, all state that the cotton crop has been greatly injured by the rot, and that the crop will be much shorter than was anticipated. The lake fisheries are beginning to assume consi derable importance. From a single district in the south end of Lake Michigan, embracing the islands, bays, and main land, extending north and south about 70 miles, and east and west about 120 miles, it is said there will be shipped this year not less than 50,000 barrels of fish, which will command in the market about 250,000 dols. . _ A telegraphic despatch received at Newburyport says that the brig Corinth, Chase, of Newburyport, bound from llichibuctoo for England, has been totally lost. Henry Clay is to have a monument erected to his memory at St. Louis, at a coat of 73,000 dohs. It is to be the work of an association. The Moro (Miss.) Democrat, of the Bth says: "On the afternoon of the Ist instant, two of oar citizens, W. S. Watliugton and William T. White, became involved in a personal rencoutre, the result of which was that the former, by a stab re eeived during the fray, was immediately killed. Mr. White surrendered himself, was tried the following day, and bound over in 6,000 dollars." The Toronto Colonist hes a special despatch from Montreal, which states that on the 23rd ult. the Hon. Jean Chabot was sworn Chief Commissioner of Pub-1 lie Works, in the place of Hon. John Young, re signed. Mr. Chabot previously held the same office. The Gloucester Telegraph reports the arrival of the fishing schooners John James, Mary S. Houston, and Leonard M'Kenzie, from the fishing ground. They report several interruptions by the British cruisers, bat no seizures, except of the Newburyport schooner Caroline Knight, on the 11th, about ten miles west of North Cape, P. E. Island. It is esti mated that the returns of mackerel this year will fall short one-half of the quantity taken to this date last year. This is attributed mainly to the trouble at the Bay of St. Lawrence, the vessels being obliged to keep further from the shore than heretofore, for fear of being charged with being within the limits, and consequently seized. Another cause is their being prohibited from fishing in the Bay of Chaleur, where full fares could have been obtained, it being full of mackerel. The fish caught this year in the Bay are very large and handsome, and command high prices. The steamship Yacht, Captain Thompson, arrived at New Orleans on Sept. 19, from Brazos Santiago. She brought 33,897 dole. in specie. The only paper we have received is a copy of the Brownsville Americas Flag, of the 4th instant, from which we learn that the excitement in Matamoros, in consequence of the recent usurpation of Cardenas, still continued. The constituents of Senors Rodri gues and Valdez, elected to represent Matamoros in the State Legislature, do not recognise the right of Carden to expel them, nor will they acknowledge the latter as the legal governor. The National Guard of Matamoros, composed of 400 men, have declared their determination to sustain their repre sentatives and Senor Prieto for governor. The Flag says that this guard recently left Mata moros for Victoria, but, for some cause not stated, returned and took up a temporary residence on the American side of the river, and were maintaining a correspondence with the military commandant and ayuntamiento of Matamoros. The Flag adds that the principal cities of the state have pronounced against Cardenas, and within a week some interest ing scenes might be expected in Tamaulipas. The Flag warns the Mexicans, however, that it is a vio lation of the laws of neutrality to use our territory as a recruiting place. General Avalon has issued a proclamation to the people of Matamoros, from the tenor of which we should judge that he intends to support Cardenas in his usurpation. lle warns the inhabitants against taking a hostile attitude to • ards the governor of the state, and says that, if dissatisfied with the result of the elections, they have a legal resource before the national representation. lie learns with regret that some misguided persons are assembled at the Itaneho Falcete, with hostile intentions towards the state government, and entreats them to return to their duties, secure of amnesty for the past. lie appeals to them by the dangers they so heroically passed through in October lust, and assures them that he is a sincere friend, only solicitous for their welfare and that of the frontier. Tttl Lotion 181.‘NDS.—PORTLAND Memel - wars. —The Portland Adrerliser has the following : When our former article, showing the import ince at this question to the shipping interests of Maine, appeared, we were not aware that several Of our own merchants in this district were directly interested in the position taken by our government, they having, aa we now learn, chartered their - - vessels to load at the Lobos Islands. The business to au, it seems, presents an entirely different aspect between our own government and our own merchants, and between our go. vernmest and Peru. We learn that the owners of the veo. eels or their masters and agents, saw and read Mr. Web ster's latter of the 6th of June, secretary of the navy ref tith before they chartered their vessels, and they di st i nctly say that upon the strength of the plain declarations in these letters, they chartered their ships. Bya telegraphic despatch (received vi a Boston),from St. John's, N. 8., we are informed that Mr. W. Lek son, M.P., had arrived overland from Halifax and had had several interviews with the directors of the above railway and with the Executive Couneil,which was expected to result in the carrying of the railway through the province of New Brunswick, with a prospect of its extension to Halifax and the eastern extremity of Nova Scotia. 'rho government had ex pressed themselves determined to act with firmness on this question, which was well received by the inhabitants, who seem very anxious upon the sub ject We subjoin the announcement referred to:— St. John, N. 8., Sept. 28. The contract for the European and North American Railroad, from ficherltac and the Nova Scotia hoe, ria St. John, to the Maine boundary, was closed by the executive and the company with William Jackson, Eeq. , M.P., o n behalf of himrelf and his usociates. The price per mile is 6,4001. sterling. The province takes of the stuck 1,2061., and loans to the company 1,800 f., per mile. The loan, bearing interest at 6 per cent., is secured by a first mort gage on the whole road, stock, stations, &c. The road and all equipments are to be of the very best description, such u the best English roads, and capable of being travelled over at the greatest speed. The survey is going on with vigour. Toe contract will be sign, d tO-13forritW et cram, when a salute will be fired, and other public demonstrations will take place. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEw Vous:, SEPT. 29. We have no alteration to notice in the demand for go imminent stocks and other leading securities. The demand for money, which was manifest( d in the latter part of the week just ended, caused a decline in the speculative stocks; but this wu no more than could have been antici pated. Although there has been but little demand for enhance en Europe, rates are steady. Bills on London sold at 1101 to 11011 and 110}, principally at 1106; Pane, 4.121 e. 4.131; Amsterdam, 401 to 411 ; Frankfurt, 401 to 41; Bre men, 791 to 791 ; llaniburgh, 34 to 364. Corfu:4.-111e market continues to uronp, and some isles have to-day been made at le. decline. The tut•l Cons reported on 'Change "are Gill halts, at prices too irre gular to permit a correct range of quotations. The prin cipal holders await the nest and sue-eeding steamer from Liverpool, and there appears to be but one opinion es to the tenor of their &deices. As buyers, however, alto anti cipate a considerable advance, wo may reasonably question the policy of waiting fur these ;u counts to sell on. We still omit quotations, although W. I'. Wright, in his circular, gives the tullowing: Mobile and New Orleans Uplands. Kends. sad leeu- Ordinary —. 9 to 94 9to 91 91 to lfiddling Middling fair lO4 to 111 11 to 11 to 11' Yale Good fair The accounts relative to the growing crop ate as usual at this season of the year extremely contradictory, and it is yet too early to form a correct opinion as to the quantity likely to he brought to market. The New .Orleans Cora. merciat Bu.7etios of the latest date has the following :— " We have dishearteniag reports lr.trn several sections of the cotton region. It is stated that its many places the pro mise of a superabundant crop, so apparent a month ego, hoe been destroyed. Tho new ravager—which seems as bad as the boll or army worm—is described as appearing in the shape of a bug or fly, which penetrates hods fully matured, causing them to rot, and utterly destroying them, We leant from a gentleman from Mississippi soil the irate. nor of Louisiana, that in the Itheianas the cotton crop will be considerably injured by the rot, and that the Name may be said of Tennis, Concordia, and most of the cotton growing river parishes. In Wilkinson, Amite, Jefferson, Adams, and Claiborne counties, Mississippi, the damago is said to have been very esti:l3.4re ; and planters of experience and judgment apprehend a lon of one-fourth of the crop in the sections affected, even if it he not greater. There is something singular about this rot. From what we hear, it appears to he confined to rlants raised from what has been called the improved seed—the Prolific, the Peruvian, the Prout, and other kinds. The produce of the old Mexican is not at all affected. Adjoin ing fields present the greatest contrasts imaginable—one field, from the old seed, will be entirely free from injury, while the other, from the Prolific, or other fancy descrip- I time, will be al m ost entirely ruined." FLOC/L.—The trade for the Eastern states opened more active on Monday, and with quite limited receipts; the market improved and common to straight sold freely at 4 dole. 374 c. ; mixed and straight Michigan, Indiana and common to good Ohio and favorite state at 4 dole. 371 c. to 4 dole. 60 e. The export demand is quiet at present quo tallow. Canadian in bond of fresh ground samples is wanted at 4 dole. 371 e. to 4 dole. 44 c. Of Southern the stock is light, and the market firm at 4 dole. 10 c. to 4 doh. 624 e. for Baltimore, Alexandria ' Georgetown, &c. Rye flour is scarce at 3 doll. 974 c. to 4 dole. Corn meal is sell ing at 3 dots. 371 c. for Western and 3 dole. 75 c. for Jersey. OILLIN.—For wheat of good quality buyers are readily found at our quotations. The stuck in store and a large portion of the daily receipts are of common qualities, and sell with difficulty. The late sales have been of lied Ohio at 96c. to 961 e.; white, 104 c. to 10Gc.; mixed, le3c. to 103 e.; white Michigan, 103 c. to 104 e.; Canadian, in bond, 94e. to 97c. Rye remains scarce, and in small lots brings 86e. Barley is quiet at 80c. to 83c. Oats sell freely; for good samples of River and State, 45c. to 48c. Corn is in more demand and with moderate receipts is held a trifle higher. Western mixed selling at 69tc. to 70c., and un sound, 68c. to 69c. Southern flat and Northern round yel low are scarce and nominal. FRICIOHTS.—Ihere is but little offering, and we do not observe any alteration in rates. We quote—To Liverpool, cotton per lb. 3-16 d.; flour and meal per barrel Is 3d, to Is. 41a. ; heavy goods per ton 150. to 170. 6d.; grain in bulk, per bushel 3d. To London—Tobacco per hhd. 251. to 30.. ; flour per bbl. 2s. to 3s. ; turpentine per 2Solbs. 2e. 3d. ; meuurement goods per tou 251. to 30.. ; heavy goods, oil, &c , 20e. to 255. ; cheese 250.; beef per tierce 4s. to {s. 6d. ; of cake per bbl. 2s. CANADA. At the sitting of the Legislative Assembly on the 20th nit.: Mr. Youso asked permission to make some explanations penensl to himself, which being granted, he proceeded to say that he begged to state to the house that on Saturday evening last he had tendered to his Excellency the Goner nor-General his appointment of executive councillor and his office of Chief Commissioner of Public Works, and that the same had been accepted. Ile stated also that he had his Excellency the Oovernor-General's gracious permission to make any explanations to the boom as to the causes which have led to his resigna tion. Early in last October, when actively engaged in business, he was called upon by his honourable friend the Provincial Secretary, and very unexpectedly offered a seat in the cabinet, then about being formed, as Chief Commisiolier of Public Works. This offer he promptly declined, stating that the sacrifice to him was too great; but, an its being mentioned, that he had always taken so deep an interest in public improvements, and, had given much attention to public matters, and that an opportunity would be thus afforded him of better carrying out his views, be agreed to consider the matter, and having coma to the conclusion, that he might be of some service to the country, he concluded to accept the offer alter ascertaining who were the parties composing the cabinet, whoa. views on g I subjects being known to him, he was satisfied on finding that all were free, and that no pledges, as he understood, were given. From that time up to the 13th inst., the utmost harmony prevailed in the cabinet on the various questions of policy submitted. At that time the future commercial policy of the country was discussed, and a memorandum embracing that policy brought forward by the inspector-general, on Saturday, which having recei ve d the sanction of his Excellency the Governor. General, he had at once tendered his resignation in the following terms: Quebec, Saturday, Sept. IS, 1352. Sir,—The memorandum of the Inspector General on the future commercial policy of the country, and the adoption of that policy by the government, places me in the una voidable position of considering how far I can, under the circumstances, retain my relation to the Governor-General as one of his advisers. I understand that it is the inten tion of the government to pursue towards the United States a retaliatory policy which is to be carried out—first, by charging a higher toll on American than on Canadian ves sels and their cargoes, in passing through the Welland Canal ; secondly, by levying a higher rate of duties on sugar, molasses, salt, tea, cotton, and woollen geode, and on MD, hardware, leather, glass, and paper manufactures, than the flame articles will be chargeable with, if imported by the Gulf of the St. Lawrence. This policy . delays for an indefinite period the making free the navigation of the St. Lawrence between Quebec and MontreaLto American vessels. It also involves the like delay in the commencement of the canal to connect the St. Lawrence with Lake Champlain. By charging a higher rate of toll to American vessels and cargoes, the American trade will be forced from Oswego and Ogdensburg to Buffalo, and the canal and railroad con nected with it. Whatever might be the advantages of reel ! procity in trade with the United States, far greater advan tages would result to Canadian commerce, by opening the St. Lawrence, abolishing agricultural duties, arra ng i n g for a reciprocal t rade with the liritish West Indies, and con structing a canal to connect the St. Lawrence with Lake Champlain, than could result from any retaliatory policy against the United States. Such a retaliatory policy cannot fail to be undentood by the American people, and the establishment of an aggressive commercial policy between the taco countries, while it may be Pre' ductive of other immediate and remote e vils, will, in my opinion, be subversive of the vat increase of trade which would follow the policy I have recommended. Il entered the government as an avowed hived of free trade. Mr views have been the result of some years of ac tion and reflection, and wet., well known to my mileage° on entering the ministry. To a _tendon free trade in order to carry out a retaliatory policy which I am satisfied will the cud he most injurious, it. a sacrifice of principle I an not prcpar d to make, and a sacrifice which, hail I sup posed it would have been required from me, would, without hesitation, have prevented rue becoming a member of the government. Under these circumstances, 1 have the •in thi au Kt re A ire St Ai