The Express. — London, England, 1851-08-16 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, AUGUST 16, 1851. FINE ARTS tagem, bribed his comrades, deceived the Directory, riolated in the tame clothes as the mutts( Wm. He buttoned his / him while he dug it up. Beatemps descended with his, the laws of representation, ordered the decrees to be torn gaiters, and put on his travelling cap, uncertain whether shovel and pickaxe to the bottom of the moat, and finding • _ down by his bayonet., and took possession rf his country. they had called him to make an appearance or to depart, the ground all about dry and hard, he recollected that ' France be bare seas a people, it was then only a man ; and aml he permitted his dog, %bleb had slept at his feet, to . they had begun to dig a trench the eveniug before, Pre-flaphne lam. Hy the Author of Modern Painters." 7Ac Maury er th e Mstoration of Monarchy in Frame. t h at ta „ , taa tktap „, . follow Ilan. Ile then went 111(11 the Mutenaut and the two at the foot of the Queen's l ea Ilion , in the angle formed Smith and Elder, 1:441. By ALPIION%V. DR Lsavatixs. Dirii,ians I 3111 2, tile Itt:IGN. . gendarmes through the stairemee, the corridors, and the by the tower and a little wall breast high for the purpose, : Mr. Ruskin has just issued, in pamphlet form, his forming Vol. 1. of the Lihrnry of Contemporary French lie swept away the Republic with the tread of his sol- courts, and was introduced into the ehrunliet esti , .illi l ig the it was said, of depositing rubbish in it. lie accordingly thoughts on the past, present, and future of Pre- Litewoore. Vine , Ily and Company. dies. lie trampled on tit,' throne of the Bourbons in saloin of Hard, where he found himself in the preseiele of went to the foot of the tower, marked out in paces the insa- Au original work, and that work a history, hr raffle. Like A murderer, in the darkness of th e ni g ht, h e the judge..ulvocate d'Aumneourt. It was then midnight, sure of a maces body extended at length, and dug in the Raphitelitism. Nlr. Ruskin seldom writes better Lamartine, redeems at the eleventh hour the cri.clit wired upon the bravest and most confiding of the military as it appears by the date of the examin dim'. The cons- j earth, that had been already moved, a a rave ti ter the corpse than when he loses his temper—we call to witness the fi rst volume of the " Modern Painters," which al this languishing season. The historian of the princes a this race, the Duke d'Enghien, in a foreign . mender of the squadron of gendarme:, Jaquin, acconas they were preparing for it. The D k d'E Ohm could " Girondists," rapid. earnest, faithful, and intuitive country. lie slew him in the ditch ed Vincennes by a ani- I ponied hiru. I have heard from his window, over the humming noise of was a generous defence • t the violentattacks opium gular presentiment of crime, which allowed him in this ---- ----- I the troops below , the dull and regular sound of the pick- !on Turner. The support now proffered to the Pre as ever, brings his sympathies, his experience, youth the only armed competitor of the throne against Wm, axe which was digging his last couch. Raphaelites seems to originate from the same laud his graphic power to illustrate and judge the or against hi, rice. lk conquered Italy, which had been Savory, at the same time, marched down and arranged able motive. Though the present pamphlet is much restoration. What myriads of critical events ' Rain lost, Germane, Prussia, Holland (reennquered after slowly in the moat the detachments of troops who were to Come tit with and fill that period. The downfall Pichegru), Spain, s7tiple , s, kingdins, and republics. Ile witness this military death, and ordered the firing party to . less voluminous than the first, it nevertheless con of a dangerous and desipecitic throne, the Tanic threatened England, and caressed Russia, in order to lull load their muskets. , tains about all that can be said on the subject, her to sleep. Ile carved out the continent, made a new A noise of footsteps, advancing slowly towards the chain - ' w ith, perhaps, an overplue . The notes are prefaced effort to ratse the empire from ruin, the final over- distribution of nations, and raised up thrones for all his her, interrupted this agreeable and last indulgence of cap- .. y 1 u an acknowledgment that the writer had some throw of Napoleon, the promise of liberty, exciting a Empty. He expended ten generations of France. to estab- ossify. It was the commandant of Vincennes, 113 r e" ' ha nd in the f rmation of the present school, and by nation to ecstatic joy ; the return of arts, potteb and Bob a royal or imperial dynasty for each of the sons or accompanied by the brigadier of the gendarmerie of . the !° . letters; the reconstruction of polite society, these are daughters of his mother. His fame, which grew Mem- village, Aufort. This friend of Hard e e had been permitted , sonic remarks which are inserted from the " Modern among the objets which challenge the historian's "Intl,' in noise and splendour, imparted to France and to to remain in one of the commandant's rooms, after having I Painters." Though this assertion mar be founded in Euro that vertigo of glory which hides the immorality ordered the prince's supper, and from thence lie had heart truth, we should rather feel inclined to bestow the eulogy, while over against them is to be set the false- an d t he abyss of such a re' I • re i gn I e created the attraction, or seen all the events of the night. Hard, agitated and i greatest share of the distinction on Lord Lindsay , hood, weakness, and crime of a monarch tarnishing and was followed even to the delirium of the Russian cam- tremblin g at the mission he hail to fulfil, had permitted s• who at the very period of the uprising of the Pre the glory thrust upon hint, and in the end provoking Isogn. lie floated in a whirlwind of events so vast and so Aufort to follow and assist him in his message to the pri- , , the nation to root the rove! house from the soil. 1 rapid that even three years of errors did not occasion his loner. I Raphaelites, four years since, strongly advised all M. de Lamartine's acquaintance with this era is fall' c i ty al t had elevated him, sus?ined him over They saluted the prince respectfully but neither of then, I young men to fling to the winds all the exploded the vacuity of all the other principles which he had des- had toe firmness to acquaint hint with the truth. The ' ilteortes of schools or academies. This was, if me not dead knowledge gleaned in libraries, lie I-4 • • d 4hi • ' d pea . Spain moue& s armies; Humus serve as a Se. dejected attitude and trembling voice of Hard I mory serves us right, towards the close of the volumes lived and moved about the court on the military staff pulchre to 700,000 men; Dresden and Leipaie swallowed alone revealed to the eye and to the heart of : . C1 •t • At" i t which Yea Ideate Angelico tan r , t . of royalty, and in dnily intercourse with the' up toe rest. Germany, exasperated, deserted his cause. the prince a fatal presentiment of the rigour of on . "Is great men of the age during the fifteen years that The whole of Europe hemmed him in, and pursued hint his judges. lie thought they now came for him only is held up as a recluse denit-god : And he has been held the elder Bourhons ovetipicil the throne 4 France. -I `' • fen the Rhi eto tit. Pv a with m i g ht tide of n e . realm., a y to hear his sentence read. Hard desired him, ea the ever since as such by all pictorial Young Englanders. Deople. Fr-mice, exhausted and disaffected, saw him corn- part of the tribunal, to follow Mat and he went before with It is difficult to follow llr. Ruskin through his first If reason bids him coiiilium the Restoration, it is not h a a lantern in his hand, through the corridors, the passages, t and sink without raising an arm in his e ruse . Yet, mees for with greater perversion of reason than usual until his early associations mod sympathies have when he had nothing against the whole world but a hand- and the courts it was necessary to cross, to arrive at the 1 1 •ss ' pleaded urgently in its favour. The royalist,accusti imed fat a soldier., hi' did nut fall. Everything was luisillilat,tl building called the " Devil's Tower." The interior of this 0 ov e r labours plain mat te r offact with t rat i seendental to the detraction of democratic writers, will find in the around his throne; but his glory remained, still soaring tower contained the only staircase and the only door de- commentary, and with a due accompaniment of pam seendinir to, and opening into, the lowest moat. The prince lox. Thus while at the outset we arc told that no yreat pages of this republican the most glove - picture of t nb "" his he ' d ' appeared to hesitatt! two or three times on going into this int e llretteal thirty teas crer done by great (Wiwi : fol • - ' • - - 's the blood, - - • - -s. might LITERATURE. THE TRIAL. To the questions proposed by the judge-advocate, he replied that his ;Lune W ' wasLouis-Antoine Henri iour bon Duke irEnghien, born at Chantilly, the Versailles of the Conde's ; that he had quitted France at a period which lie scarcely recollected, under the guidance of the Prince de Con&, his grandfather and of his father the Duke de Bour bon; that he hail wandered about Europe with his family; then entered into the army of his grandfather, and served during the war; that this army having been disbanded,.: he had inhabited for his amusement the mountains of the Tyrol, visited Switrerland as a traveller, and that, finally, having demanded of the Prince de holierpermis sion to reside on his estates of the Duchy of Baden, he had fixed himself at Etteuheim ; that he had never been in England, but that, nevertheless, ho subsisted I on the subsidy which that power made to the refugee princes, and that he had nothing to live on but that pension : —that private reasons, and lila passion for field sports, were the principal motives of his preference for Ettenheim :- 1 that he naturally corresponded with his fathe r and his grandfather—the only ties he had upon foreign ground:— that he hail the rank of commandant of the advance-guard of the army of ColiM in 17% : —that he never had the least connection with General Piehegru :—that this general had expressed a wish to see him:—that he congratulated him self, and made it his pride not to have seen him, atter the base means which this general had been accused of employ ing, presuming that that accusation was true :—that neither did he know Dumouriez :—that he had sometimes written to France to old comrades, friends, and companions in arms, who were still attached to him; hut that his corres pondence was not of the nature of those whirls could he in criminated. The prince, alter these replies, modest, distinct, and frank as his own soul, had to sign the interrogatories in the presence of the officers and the gendarmes. But address ing himself to the judge-advocate d'Autencourt, he ex pressed a desire to him to have an interview with the First Consul. We have seen that, from the first moment of his arrest, he had constantly farina over this thought in his mind. Ile did net believe that a suspicion could subsist between the look of the hero and that of the soldier, and that they would understand one another in their first meeting. D'Autencourt recommended him to write this with his own hand at the bottom of the interrogatories, since that document would be submitted to the court-martial. ringg p,. the glories of returning monarchy. Mere he may become young in the mcmoritw of the past, recall the touching moment when his country rose with tears of joy from the oppression of the empire and hoped in a monarch who came back instructed by exile, and liberty which had been purified by expiation. If any ask how M. do Lamartine can presume to write the history of a period so recent, it is because of the rapidity of events, and the all-embracing extent of his experience. Ile says: 1 scantly exceed the middle age of man. and I have al ready litt,l under ten dominations, or ten different govern malts, in Frimee. Dem. n infancy and maturity, I have w a n( ..sed ten revolutions; the constitutional government of Louis X VI., the first Republic, the Virectory, the Con sulate, the Empire, the first Restorntion in 1814, the second Scrone ut of Cie " 'handfed Days" by Napoleon, the eScond R..toration in 1815, the reign of Lou,.. Philippe, and the Second Republic—teu cataracts, by which the spi rit of modern liberty and the stationary or obstructive sin lIIS POLICY. A. a diplomatist he was eminently shrewd, while he had his ambition to serve, and his reign to establish. In his Italian campaign he fought with one hand and negotiated with the other. He daringly trilled with the instructions of the radical republicanism of the Convention. Ile treated with eunqsered Piedmont, which he had authority to de stroy, and increased the republican army against Austria, with the contingents of a monarchy. lie negotiated with the PUN', whom he was directed to expel from Home, and enlisted on his stile the feelings, the respect, and even the superstitions of the people. Ile treated with Modena for millions, and paid his soldiers with the treasures of prince... He negotiated with Tuscany and with Naples, to divide his enemies, and to fight them, like the itoratius of old, one after the other. Ile soothed Venice, while he required her neutrality ; but insulted, violated, and crushed her, when • he no longer feared her power. lie retained the tire of revolutionary• enthusiasm and independence in Milan; then resold Venice to Au•tria ; and thus purchased the shadow of peace, with which he expected to make himst If popular in France. 'Thus far his diplomacy was that of Machined, but of a patriot.e Machiavel, who committed such treachery only as was useful to his country. suspicious tower, like a victim which smells and which resists and turns back its head on crossing the the...hold of a slaughter-house. Saeary, while waiting till the prisoner had descended to the place of execution, and till the detachments and tiring party had been drawn up on the ground, was warming himself, standing by Hazel's tire, in the hall where the trial had taken place. llullin, after having sent off his pincer crew! of condemnation, was sitting at the table, with his back turned towards Savory. Hoping that the sentence would be commuted by the power and clemency of the First Consul, he began reading, in his own name and in the name of all his colloagues ' a letter to Bonaparte, to communicate to him the desire that the accused had ex pressed of obtaining an audience of him, and to supplicate him to remit a punishment which the rigour of their functions alone had forced them to award. " What are you doing ?" said the man atter Bonaparte's heart, ap proaching Ilullin. " I am writing to the First Consul," said the president, "to acquaint him with the request of the condemned, and the wishes of the council." But Sa vory, taking the pen from the hands of the president , said to him, " Your business is done ; all the rest concerns lowing out a parity of reasoning we might come to the conclusion that the works of the Pre-Raphaelitcs are no great things, as Mr. Ruskin subsequently tells us that they are intensely laboured. But even this Mr. Ruskin will no more allow than that they are of middling worth. The whole pamphlet seems to vacillate between the vindication of what is of equi vocal worth, and applause of what is intrinsically had. It is of course out of the question to try and follow the writer through his critical maze; but some half dozen pages seem to contain a summary of all that is more immediately connected with the subject. It is like an oasis lying between an exordium, on the one hall, of 24 pages—on the necessity of having an artistic vocation before be coming a painter; and on the other, a lengthy pero ration on the merits of Turner, which was doubtless torn from a chapter in the long-expected last volume of the " Modern Painters." 'I he sum and substance of this is to commend to every one the tact that two The prince took the pen, and wrote as follows: ' " Before I sign the present proceedings, I entreat permission to hare a private audience with the First Con- SW. My name, my rank, my habits of thought, and the horror of my situation, lead me to hope that he will nut refuse my demand." The juilge-adeticate, leaving the duke alone with his. guardians, carried the document to the court. The judges read it, received from it the impressions which they seem to have been ordered to receive, by the artificial position of the questions drawn up by the set of government, and con verted briefly together about the wish expressed by the accused to sec the First Consul. Some of the members were rit have entkavoetrjel, by turns, to ele"Scenel or to remeareet the declivity of revolutkins. This age has streaks of too much importance to accom plish, and questions of civilisation and religion too compli canal to solve, nut to continue long republican, or net to return frequently to that form of goveniment. I am, therefore, a republican, from a knowledge of the things which must happen uud from devotion to the great work of the age. It ithuut overlooking any of the inconve nience, tad dangers of democracy, I am of opinion that we should accept them heroically as a task. It is the ins! strument which wounds and bruises the hand of the statee-1 man ; but it is the instrument of great things. We mast renounce gnat things; we must again recline on the indo knt couch of babas and prejudices ; or we must risk the Republic. This is my profession of faith. It is with this conviction that I have undertaken to write the history of the two reigns of the Restoration. We have tint space now to enlarge upon M. de . Lamartinc's historwal style and method, as here dis playtsl. Every page glitters with the peculiar bean ties of the author of the "Girondists." Every one will be pleased to know how the illustrious republi can regards run CHARACTER OF NAPOLEON. Napoleon was a man of the school of Nlachinvil—not of that of Plutarch. His object was neither virtue nor patri• °bon, but an ardent thirst after power and renown. Fa voured by circumstances which never fell to the lot of any other man, not even Cc-tar, he sought to conquer and pos sess the world at any cost—not to ameliorate it, hut to ag pundige himself. 'Phis, the sole aim of all the actions of his bYe, lowers and narrows them in the eyes of all true states men. (hod ne ver said to man, Seek thyself thine own mod ; thou shalt become the centre of all human thiugs. and thou shalt make the world succumb to thy own purposes." On the contrary, he has "Thou shalt he, as faros it is in thy power, a meaus, an instrument, a servant to man kind ; thou shalt devote thyself to the good of thy pro le ; thou shalt lac great, nut in thyself, insigniticiat and ephe mera being as thou art, but in thy people, au universal be ing, whom thou shalt wave, ennoble, and elevate." This is the prototype of true grandeur. Sound policy and immor tal WOW. are contained in this rule alone ; tor at exhibits the true virtue Of a 5.t.1h,,111.111. out only according to hummehis tory, but iu accordance with divine wisdom. • • • • Napoleon was born in Corsica, at a time when that island, having lost its nationality, was struggling to retrieve its in dependence. Re declared against Paoli, the liberator of his berth-place ; sought a country, and chose the MC the most agitated, France. Ile foresaw, with the precocious s:.- gorily of ins,inet, that great risks of fortune would be, or were, the grand movements of things or of ideas. The French Rovolutiou broke out; he threw himself in the midst of it. Did Jacubinisni govern, he extolled it, affected radied and assumed all the exaggerated mannesni of the de magogues—their language, their costume, their displeasure, and their popularity. The Simper de Demeaire," a ha rangue fit for a club, he amt. in a camp. Tlw title of the Devolution raw and fell in proportion as the public of Pa ris was exciksl or calm. Napoleon ruse unit fell with it, serving with equal real, at one time the conventionalists sat Toulon ; at another the Thermidorians of Paris. Some times the convention against the demagogues; at others,' Darras and toe Directory, against the Royalists. Ile yielded all to circumstance, and nothing.to principle. ' With a foresight of who would be in power, he alwaysjoined the successful, rbiug indifferently with any or against any. As a youth, lee woe a true specimen of the race and times of the Italian republicans ' who en -aged on hire their bravery and their Mood, Many faction any cause, pros bled they did but aggrautlise themselves. Asa soldier, ho otfeftel leis skill and lib sewed to the most daring or the most fortunate. This and nought else is observable in all his mph . ' career of fortune. The mum,: of this fortune was no other than the favour of the most influential of the Directory towards a beautiful woman, who enjoyed the familiarity of the power-' Bel of the day. Berms gave Nopoleou fur dower the army of Italy. Ile loved, it is true., and was beloved iu return ;1 but leis love was nut disinterested ; it was mixed with the alloy of satisfied ambition. Freon this command elates the display of his genius. Ile communicated its spirit to his troops; he diffused a youthful ardour in the antiquated camp,: hi• remodelled the laws of military discipline. and introduced an entirely new system of tactics; he called into sietiou the daring spirit—that all-powerful genius of revolu tionary ;Ware he 'accelerated the roommate of armies, and g . 4 tenfold the time by his marches; he discon certed the prudence a n d slow new. of the pupils of a Frede rick and a Landon. Ile conquered, made peace . , and rati fi ed treaties. Some nations he extirpated, others he respected; he negotiated with those which. like Rome, had made a deep impression on the popular mind; and without pity, or a pretest, remorselessly swept from the face of the earth others which, like Venice, were too weak fur defence. Ile usurped everything, in spite of authority, in spite of diplo mat:), and of the very . principles of his own government. At one time he proclaimed, at another betrayed, and then again sold the dogmas of the French Revolution, just as the opportunity presented itself, or the necessity for main taining his personal popularity in Italy and at Leuben re quired. here he re-establisbes despotism—there he conse crates the observance of theocracy; in another place he makes a trot& of the independence of nations, while lee sells liberty of conscience. Ile is no longer the general of a revolution, the negotiator of a republic; he is a man who has created himsell, and himself alone, at the expense of all principle, of all the resolutions. and of all the powers that had invested hien w ith authority. The labours of the ICU- Mali mind of the eighteenth century, of modern philosophy, uud of the French Revolution, all alike disappeared. Bo naparte stood alone. It was 110 longer the age that moved --'twas a man who played with the age, and who substi tuted himself for an epoch. There sou no France, no lie volution, no Republic ; 'twos he ! ho alone ! and (or ever he ! But he W:1,4 no sooner on tho throne than all his negotia tions became a series of maelstroms as hdal to himself as to the solid greatness of his country. Ile threatened England, which he could not reach tido r by sea or land ; and lie de dared himself her eternal though powerless antestottist. Ile thus created the hatred of a Hannibal against his na tion and his dynasty, thus placing the continent in the pay of that power, and the commerce of the world under its flag. Ile alienated the whole of independent Germany by ter ritorial cupidity and family appal:lams, by which he multi plied princes, without obtaining support. lie refaced to Russia the Empire of the East, while he secured to himself that of the West. He declared the incompatibility of any other power whatever with that of his own, CVCII at the extremity of the earth. He also declared himself a candi date for universal monarchy ; that is to say, the common and unisersal enemy of all thrones and all nationalities. 1 bus, with his own hands, he combined England, Russia, Austria, Prussia—all the world, iu short—in the league of the human race against him. Ile tuaght lank r, and his fame and genius gave him victory. Ile made treaties of peace, which were false, short, precarious, amt menacing, for those he had but half conquered;—treaties which allowed the parties to respire, but not to disarm. In the expectation of a newly premedi tated war with Russia, be hail the madness to throw the Ottoman Empire into the hands of that lower, and thus to deprive himself of the only gnat and natural ally which re mains d to him for the day of struggle. He conquered Vienna, and he re-established the Austrian monarchy ; but he saw Hungary sighing for independence, and left it subservient to that power. lie conquered Berlin, but he did not extinguish Prue. sia. lie Saw Poland dismembered, palpitating with hope and patriotism towards him. Ile could recall her to life with a wave id his hand, make her the firm ally of France, the outpost of his armies, the arbiter of the north and of Gen many, tile barrier of Russia, and he sold her remains to the compacted powers, to purchase the favours and considera tion of the old races fus his dynasty of upstarts. Ile caw Spain threw herself into his arms, accept his arbitrations, implore his guardianship, associate herself with France in a compact, natural and eternal, of the South against the com,urring races of the North ; but he preferred rather to bandits than to attract her, and to conquer her for his brother, than to have voluntary possession fur the good of his country. Finally, he threw himself, with a million of men, into the heart of Russia, to invade, by an unnatural contradic tion, the north by the south, and to possess himself of no thing but snow and ashes. Germany, which lie impru dently left, armed and exasperated, behind him, closed upon his steps, and he' was taken in a trap which he had prepared for himself lie seemed to have had but one ob ject in his policy fur ten years past, via., to unite all nations in a combination of shame and hatred against him ; and to r. advs. France the irreconcileable enemy of the human race. This was the genius of his foreigu policy—the genius of selfishness, which became, in his coo:, the genius of ruin. ll is sLNTENCE. False in institutions, for he retrograded; false in policy, for he debased ; false in murals, fur he corrupted ; false ice civilisation, fur he oppressed ; false in diplomacy, for he isolated ;—he was only true in war ; for lie shed torrents of human blood. But what can we then allow hint ? lfis in dividual genius was great, but it was the genius of mate rialism. His intelligence was vast and clear, but it was the intelligence of calculation. its counted, he weighed, he measured ; but he felt not ; he loved not ; he sympathised with none; he was a stsstue rather than a man. (herein lay his inferiority to Alexander and to Cirsar he resembled more the Hannibal of the Aristocracy. Few men have thus been moulded, and moulded cold. All was solid, nothing gushed forth, in that mind nothing was moved. His me tallic nature was felt even in his style. Ile was, perhaps, the greatest writer of human events since Machiarel. Much superior to Caesar in the account of his campaigns, his style is not the written expression alone ' • it is the action. Every sentence in his pages is, so to speak, the counterpart and countenimpressionof the fact. There is neither a let ter, a sound, or a colour wasted between the fact and the word, and the worst is hintwlt. Ilia phrases concise, but struck olf without ornament, recall those times when Baja let and Charlemagne, not knowing how to write their names at the bottom of their imperial acts. dipped their hands in ink or blood, and applied them with all their ar ticulations impressed upon the parchment. It was nut the signature ; it was the hand itself of the hero thus fixed eternally before the eyes , ; and such were the pages of his campaigns, dictated by Napoleon—the very soul of move ment, of action, and of combat. • • • This fame, which constituted his morality, his conscience, and his principle, he merited, by his nature and his ta lents, from war and from glory; and lie has covered with it the name of France. France, obliged to accept the odium of his tyranny sad his crimes, shoitld also accept his glory with a serious gratitude. She cannot separate her name from his, without lessening it ; for it is equally incrusted with hi s greatness as with his faults. She wished for renown, and he has given it to her ; but what she prin cipally owes to him is the celebrity she has gained in the wor.d. - - ouths, of the respective ages of eighteen and twenty I runt and Millais), should in four years' time have founded a school which in a measure deserves to rank with that of Albert Darer; that that school has been malevolently ill-treated, alike by the public, the press, and the Royal Aeademv. The latter venerable society Mr. Ruskin recommends to endorse with their signature of approval the panels of the P. It. Its. All modern art is then stig matized as being tainted with tho-gmssest depravity of taste, which surpasses even that of the Renais sauce. Mr. Ruskin sees in modern art, as it were, an arid desert, in which he now endeavours to set up two land-marks, viz., John Everett Millais; and Joseph Mullord Turner. Bowan these two poles stand William Hunt, who paints still life; Samuel Trout, of street architecture renown ; John Lewis, the harem scene delineator ; and finally, Paul ready and Landseer. Whilst every one else had pre viously found in each of these a marked originality - , Mr. Ruskin, on the contrary. discovers a secret link which rivets them to the same self-taught principle. In the concluding pages containing a catalogue rai *mai rtirlier ' S latest drawings, 3lr. Ruskin treats Turner, as he invariably does a dead master, dwelling on the beauty of his imagery, noting his pleasantest peculiarities, but especially' pointing out to his young friends how different from their toilsome elaboration is the splendid ease with which the muster expresses his ideas, be they ever so lofty. Here again, where most people would find • a striking dissimilarity, Mr. Ruskin finds none; and' he fearlessly asserts that " Pre-Raphaelitism" and Raphaelitisin and Turnerism are all one and the same, so fur as education can influence them. As if quite unworthy to hold a place with the ju dicial form of criticism carried on throughout the pamphlet, the refutation of the charges brought against his young pupils are somewhat ignomi niously thrust into a foot-note. Seldom have we seen a more lame or unsatisfactory defence of undeniable assertions. These resolve them selves into three heads. The first relates to tiro condemuation of reviving the errors of early painters. With unworthy ingenuousness, Mr. Ruskin satisfies himself that this cannot be the case, inasmuch as Pre-Raphaelitism has nut the remotest resemblance to the style of early Italian masters. Without stopping here to inquire why such a pal pable misnomer was of all others selected by these brethren of the brush, we will only say that by earl• painters were probably meant, not either Gentile-da-Fabriano or Pietro I'erugino, but rather the Van Eyck family. With that set, ante-Hem lingers would have been at once a more euphonous and a more correct appellation for the rising artistic generation. The analogy between these borders 'on plagiarism. As every one knows, before the invention of oil-painting, the only vehicle used was egg-yolk and fig juice, which, under the name of tempera, required slow methods and hatching processes in finishing. Having ac quired this habit, it was introduced into oil-paint ing, though the necessity for it had ceased to exist ; would it he believed that such a method could he re vived in the nineteenth century. Yet such is the case. These worthy Flemish people introduced the portraits of members of their family and friends, as well us their strange costumes, into compositions of a sacred character. This practice is once more preva lent amongst us. The old Flemish painters pertinaciously persisted in surrounding their personages with accessories which, however marvellous in themselves, were ever an un pleasant substitute for other beauties, and told damagingly against them. The same charac teristic is again noticeable of late amongst us. Perfectly reckless as to whether the head stands properly on its shoulders, or whether the limbs, if any there be, dangle beneath the outer garment, the sole intent is to bring down mice and missals, tad poles and toad-stools, to telescopic accuracy. In a word,Pre-Itaphaelitism wants healthy southern ven tilation; in Umbria alone is to be found the reality of which that is not even a shadow. Thus much we have thought fit to protest, less against those who might quietly work their way out of their defects, than against erroneous notions tending to blind them to their defects. Mr. Ruskin has shown satis factorily in his noble work on Venice, that ho has gone deeper into the subject than any one before him. Yet one lesson he seems not yet to have learnt from its illustrious citizens, painters, or architects; and that is that they ever allowed their works to speak for themselves, and never drew sword but in defence of their faction. Ilullin yielded to the authority of the general, who had the superior command of the castle, and arose mortified at being deprived of the privilege of recommending a prisoner to mercy, which is inherent in all tribunals and military commissions. lie thought that Savary claimed this twirl lege for himself, and be complained to his colleagues of a despotism which left the remorse more heavy on their coa -1 sciences. lie the-11 prepared to return with them to Paris. Hard and Aufhrt preceded the duke in silence down the steps of the narrow winding staircase, which descended to a postern through the massy walls of this tower. The prince, with an instinctive horror of the place, and of the depth beneath the soil to which the steps were leading him, began to think they were not conducting him before the judges, hut into the hands of murderers, or to the gloom of a dun. goon. Ile trembled in all his limbs and convulsively drew back his loot, us he addressed his guides in front :—"Where are you conducting me i" he demanded with a stifled voice. " If it is to bury me alive iu a dungeon I would rather die this instant." " Sir," replied Hard, turning round, " follow me, and summon up all your courage." 'the prince partly comprehended him, and followed. 'they ut length issued front the winding staircase through • low postern which opened on the bot tom of the moat, and continued walking for some tune in the dark, along the foot of the lofty walls of the fortress, as far as the basement of the Queen's Pavilion. When they had turned the angle of this pavilion, which had concealed another part of the moat behind its walls, the prince suddenly found himself in front of the detachment of the troops drawn up to witness his death. The firing party selected for the execution was separated from the rest, and the barrels of their muskets reflecting the dull light of some lanterns carried by a few attendants, threw a sinister glare on the moat, the massywalk, add the newly slug grave. The prince stopped, at a sign from his guides, within a few paces of the firing party. Ile saw his fate at a glance ; but he neither trembled nor turned pale. A slight and chilling rain was falling from a gloomy sky, and a melancholy silence reigned throughout the moat. Nothing disturbed the horror of the scene but the whispering and shuffling feet of a few groups of officers and soldiers who had collected upon the parapets above, and on the drawbridge which led into the forest of Vincennes. Adjutant Pelle, who commanded the detachment, ad. Talletd, with his eyes lowered, towards the prince. lie held in his hand the sentence of the military Com mission, which he read in a low, dull voice, but per fectly intelligible. The prince listened without making an observation or losing his firmness. Ile seemed to have collecteil in an instant all his courage, and all the military heroism of his racy, to show his enemies that be know how to die. Two feelings alone seemed to occupy him during the moment of intense silence which followed the reading of his sentence ; one was to invoke the aid of religion to soothe his last struggle, and the other to cont. municate his dying thoughts to her he was going to leave desolate on the earth. lie .wcordingly asked if lac could have the assist ance of a priest, but there was none in the castle ; and though a few minutes would suffice to call the cure of Vincennes, they were too much pressed for time, std too anxious to avail themselves of the night, which was to cover everything. The officers nearest to him made a sign that he must renounce this consolation ; and one brutal fellow, from the midst of a group, cane.: out, in a tone of irony,—" Do you wish then to die like a Capuchin ?" The prince raised his head with an air of indignation, and turning towards the group of officers and gendarmes who had accompanied him to the ground, he asked, in a loud voice, if there was any one amongst them willing to do him one last service. Lieutenant Noirot advanced Irons the group, and approached him, thus sufficiently evincing his iutention. The prince said a few words to Idol in a low voice, and Nuirot, turning towards the side occupied by the troops, said :—" Gendarmes, have any of you got a pair of scissors about you ?" The gendarmes searched their cartridge boxes, and a pair of scissors was passed from hand to hand to the prince. Ile took off his cap, cut off one of the locks of his hair, drew a letter from his pocket, and a ring from his linger ; then folding the hair, the letter, and the ring in a sheet of paper, he gave the little packet, his sole inheritance, to Lieut. Noirot, charging him, in the name of pity for his situation and his death, to send them to the young Princess Charlotte de ltohan, at Ettenheim. This love message being thus confided, he collected himself for a moment, with his hands joined, to offer up a last prayer, and in a low voice recora meuded his soul to God. Ile then made five or six paces, to place himself in front of the firing party, whose loaded muskets he saw glimmering at a short distance. The light of a large lantern, containing several cantles, placed upon the little wall that stood over the open grave, gleamed full upon him, and lighted the aim of the soldiers. The firing party retired a few paces to a proper distance, the adjutant gave the word to fire, and the young prince, as if struck by a thunderbolt, fell upon the earth, without a cry and without a struggle. At that moment the cluck of the castle struck the hour of three. Ilullin and his colleagues were waiting in the vestibule of liarel's quarters fur their carriage to convey them back to l'aris, and were talking with some bitterness of Savory's refusal to transmit their letter to Lis master, when an un expected explosion, resounding from the moat of the forest gate, made them start and tremble, and taught them that judges should never reckon upon anything but justice and their own conscience. This still small voice pursued them through their lives. The Duke d'Enghien was no more. Ills dog, which had followed him into the moat, yelled when he saw him fall, and threw himself on the body of his master. It was with difficulty the poor animal could be turn away from the spot, and given to one of the prince's servants, who took him to the Princess Charlotte—the only messenger from that tomb where slept the hapless victim whom she - ceased to 4 of opinion that judgment should he deterred until this wish had been transmitted to Mahimison. One hour and a stunted gendarme would suffice tor this; and death, if it were necessary to pronounce it Ater, might still be indicted before daybreak. The man who was supposed to la; iu possession of the private wishes of the government, said that this respite and this appeal to a direct communication with Bonaparte did not seem to him to enter into the views of the First Consul. T lee court, therefore, rejected the wish of the prince, and deelamt thut he should be inunediately tried. The oilier was opened, and he hound himself suddenly in the presence of his judges. To fulfil the letter of the law, which rendered a false appearance of publicity necessary, the tribunal, which out in judgment at night, guarded by a legion of gendarmerie, and under the roof of a state prison, allowed a few officers and inhabitants of the chateau to be present in the hall nod its approaches. These spectators were deeply moved at the youthfulness, the modesty, the firm dignity, and, above all, the undaunted attitude of the prisoner; and the last hour of the Duke d'Enghien was recorded iii their memory to the honour of his race and the justice of posterity. The president Ilullin was a man of soldier-like stature and physiognomy. • • • lie addressed to the aceueed, one by one, the same ques tions that had been put and re-plied to in the examination, and the prince answered them with the same pre Cil4loll and sincerity ; repelling, with houeet indignation, the bare sup position of his plotting against the life of the First Consul, and of his participation with the conspirators ticorges, Pichegru, and others. Ile revolted, with all the leftinem of his soul, against a species of warfare which would give victory the appearance of crime; and the euergy and sin cerity of his manner carried conviction to the hearts of his hearers, as did the evidence to their minds. " But nevertheless, sir," said Ilullin to him, " how will you persuade us that you were so completely ignorant, as you bay you were, of what was passing in France, when the whole world was informed thereof; and that with your rank and birth, of which you take so much CAM to remind us, you ran have remained indifferent to events of such weighty importance, and the results of which must have been to your advantage ? By the way in which you answer us, you appear to misapprehend your position. Take care; this may become serious, and military commissions judge without appeal." Were these words prompted by the impatience of the juege seeking the pretext of an avowal to appease cola science ? or were they a warning to the accused to change his mode of defence, and appeal, not to justice, but to mercy ? as Ilullin has since pretended, but which nothing then revealed. The trial by nieht, the hurry of the pros eel:dings, the neglect of formalities, the sham publicity, the number uud aspect of the troops under arms, and the hints of Salary not to insist on an inters new with the First Consul, sufficiently indicated a predetermination of speedy and irrevocable execution. 't he prince, by confessing any imaginary conspiracy, would have violated both his truth and his innocence without gaining a single hour of life ' from those already numbered at Melinidom. With hit hands over his eyes, he meditated for a moment, no doubt, on what had been demanded of him ; and then said—" 1 can only, sir, repeat to you what I have already said. Hearing that war had been dechired, I applied for a commission to serve in the armies of England. The Eng lish government reinied that they could not give One ; but • that I should remain ou the bunks of the Rhine, where I should very soon have a part to play, and I waited accord ingly. This, sir, is all that I can tell you." Ruffin relates that the judges several times endeavoured indirectly to make the accused deviate from this course of sincerity, which, recording to them, prevented their absolvirfg him, and to lead him into confessions or perversions of the truth and excuses to which he -would not have recourse. " I perceive, with feelings of gratitude," said the prince, who was sensible of these indicatious of clemency, " the honourable in tentioas of the members of the commission ; hot I cannot make use of the means which they mein to offer me. las aware of my danger, but will not avoid it by any unworthy subterfuge. I only request an interview with the First Con sal." This terminated the defence. Ilullin then ordered the accused to be withdrawn, and Salary, the officers of the legion of gendarmerie and of the line, and the spectators alee retired to allow the judges to &liberal: in silence and secrecy. Their deliberation lasted; no longer than was requireel by decency to give the judges an appearance of haling reflected, when with a U11:111iM1.11% voice, they pronouner d him guilty, awarded the penalty, and condemned him to death. " Let it go firth," said the president of this tribunal, " to the times in which we live, that, lieving been appointed judges, we have been compelled to give judgment under the penalty of being judged ourselves !" They forgot, however, that they could not he judges with , out a culprit, and that he who was brought before them was not amenable to their tribunal, but was an exile dragged before his enemies with the bayonet at his throat. They I also forgot that they would indeed be judged by the equity of the world, hy their own conscience, and by the Almighty. The prince hail had no advocate. llulliu laid the Menne of thus depriving t h e accused of an advocate, which was allowed him by all civilised laws, to the negligence of the judge-advocate d'Autencourt ; and not one of the judges had reminded the president of this duty. The prince either disdained to ask fur one, or did not know that the law allowed him to have one. As soon as the judgment was pronounced, and even be fore it was drawn up, Hain sent to inform Salary and else judge advocate of the sentence of death, in ureter that they might take their measures for its eleeution. It seemed as if the time was equally pressing to the tribunal as to those' who awaited their decision, and as if an invisible genius was hurrying along the acts, formalities, and hour., in order that the morning's sun might nut a itness the deeds of the night. Ilullin and his colleagues remained in the ball of council, and drew sip at random the judgment they had just given ; and this short and unskilfully prepared document (summing up a whole examination in two ques tions and two answers) terminated with the order to execute the sentence forthwith. This celebrity, which will distend to posterity, and which is improperly called glory, constituted his means and his end. Let him therefore enjoy it. The noise he has Made I will resound through distant ages ; but let it not pervert posterity, or falsify the judgment of mankind. This man, one of the greatest creations of tiod, applied himself with greater power than any other man ever possessed, to aecu- I mutate, therefrom, on his route, resolutions and ameliora tions of the human mind, as if to check the march of ideas, and make all received truths retrace their steps. But time has overleaped him, and truths and ideas have re awned their ordinary current. He is admired as a soldier he is measured as a sovereign; he is judged as a lounder of nations; great in action, little in idea, nothing in virtue— , such is the man! ' - TUE CRYSTAL PALACE Ai A WINTER GARDEN.— The enterprising proprietors of the Indian Overland Diorama have superadded to their former attrac tion a view of the Crystal Palace as a winter prome nade. We can characterise the novel suggestions therein contained as graceful and suitable, but a trifle too grandiose to be realisable. The clever ar tists of the 'raj-Melia' seem to have improved on that design, and to have enlarged the tank i of the Eastern Palace to the dimensions of a Venetian canal, spanned by Itialto-like bridges. The I roof of the nave is partially swelled out into the form ' I of a dome, and exotics of all kinds contrast with the' rows of pillars. The scene is represented almost as; one of the best of fairy land ; the sparkling water is; pleasant to the eye at the present temperature of the Crustal Palace, but we shudder at the forethought of I the same pool with the thermometer at frost. The present illustrators of the Palace attempt to banish is all but the most pleasant notions, such the repre sentation of the view by gas-light, which was inge niously introduced by twilight effects. THE MODEL OF WATERLOO AT TIIE UNITED SERVICE Inarruvuxv.—This reduced scale of the battle field is once more re-opened for the instruction of the London public, after being temporarily trans ferred, we believe, across the Irish Channel. With most people probably' the first sight of this model is associated in the mind with the time in :which Robinson Crusoe was perused for the first PONAPARTE IN EGYPT. The heads of the Revolution, cnibarrassed by his pre sence, sent loin to Egypt, there to conquer or to die. Here we see another continent, another man, but still the same want of conscience. He announced himself as the regene rator of the East, whe brought with him all the blessings of European liberty. At first he tried to persuade the peo ple to allow themselves to be conquered. Mshometan fano- ' tieisin was an obstacle to his dominion. Instead of combat ting that faith, he simulated belief in it, declared for Ma hornet, and denounced the superstitions of Europe. He made religion the medium of his policy and his conquests. The negotiator, who hail bowed before the Pope at Milan, now bent his knee to the Prophet, at Cairo. Distance gives an illusory effect to exploits against an enervated race —exploits exaggerated by lame, but which remind one of ' the poetry of the Crusade. All ho there thought of was ! to imitate Alemsder and to gain his renown. No sooner, however, slid he receive the first check at St. Jean d'Acre, than he at once abandoned all thoughts of conquest, em pire, and Asiatic dreams, and left his army , without being recruited, and without the power of capitulating as best it could. He put himself on board a swift-sailing vessel, and quitting the imaginary, earns where all was reality. Hal preceded the rumours of his revenge, sad took the popu be feeling by surprise. He glasselhardand on the Repub be, and soon saw that the doe of enarehieal danger had Wover • that lb pewees two to bo regularly mai, U** t r ays, coomooded by Ida rirah 2 were tri= oat t . tbottbs doeserede prenotedt, bouizr . oat as deer a Defeo woad opea beim% I f to is dosade dboode dee Ida of a seldiee. 1111184 Ice essogaredeoldost dot or/ goneemiat oblebbedobri l We arm kw its deboor. To spin edemas he *OM eles• ' whom never deplore. - They placed him, dressed as he was, in the grave dug under the wall ; and they buried hint with his money, his watch. bit rings, his trinkets, and a chain that he wore round his neck. They took nothing front the pocket of his coat but the diary of his journey, which Ilulhn put under cover, and addressed to Real for the First Consul. This edition of Lamartinc's new history has been brought out in English with his direct cooperation, and the protecting power of the British law hal; been invoked for it. It is well that the illustrious author should be thus guarded against pirates, The work is brought out in convenient size, with a beau tiful type, and well sustains the proverbial reputa tion of its publishers. With terrible but righteous sternness does M. de Lamartine denounce the murderer of the last of the Condos. The transactions of that dark and horrid night which saw the Duke d'Enghien suddenly and foully destroyed, are recounted with great power and feeling. THE EXECUTII SUMMONS. While these hasty preparations for the death of the Duke d'Enghien were making at Malmaison, at Pan., and so near him at Vincennes ' the prisoner had gone to bed with the fullest confidence, a nd was enjoying the profound sleep of weariness, of youth, and of innocence, by the side of his judges, who w re already seated to condemn him. Savory i Mid posted n his anti-chamber a lieutenant and two gen darmes d'elitc ; and he sent them an order to bring their prisoner before the council, assembled in the chamber of the commandant of the chateau. It was eleven o'clock at night when the lieutenant Noirot and the two gendarmes, Thesis and Ursa, entered theroom where the young prince was asleep. These men had tender hearts ander the rude uniform of their profes isn and they have since avowed how much it cost them to Interrupt thus, by the summons of death, the only hap piness which • captive can taste, and how gladly they world have prolonged, st least for some minutes, the repose et the dreams of the prince, who was a soldier like them selves. Bat the tribunal a nd Savory were waiting. They awoke the prince without precipitation, and with ; out harshness et word or gesture, and ha could perceive pity in their eyes and in their scents. He dressed himself Savary bad not waited for this order to be written before he prepared for its execution, and had already marked out the spot. The court and the esplanade being encumbered I with troops, by the presence of the brigade of infantry, and the legion of gendarmes d'Oite, no safe place could be found there in which the fire of a platoon did not run the risk of striking a soldier or a spectator. No doubt it was also feared that too great publicity would thus be given to the murder in the midst of an army; that the scene of the eae ention was too far distant from the place of sepulture ; and that fcolinp of pity and horror would pervade the ranks at the sight of this young man's mangled corpse. The moat' of the chateau, however, offered the means of avoiding all these'dangers, as it would conceal the murder as well as the victim. This place was accordingly chosen. Harel received orders to give up the keys of the steps and iron gateways, which descended from the torrent, and Opened on the foundations of the chateau, to point out the different outlets and sites, and to procure a gravedigger to commence digging a grave while the man for whom tt was ittended still breathed. A 'poor working gardener of the ehltetia, named /3onternyfe, was awakened, and 'his work pointed out to him. He was furnished with a lustiest to guide him through the labyrinth of the moat, sad light TUE AstwurrY TAX.—A special meeting of the presbytery of Edinburgh was held on Tuesday to consider the proposal of the select committee of the House of C4=- 17141114 for the commutation of the annuity tax, when the reverend body were all but unanimous in condemning the same, and have resolved that it shall, " by all constitutional ' means, be reelsted."--Catedonian Mercury. NAILS TO HONDURAS AND GUATEMALA.—In COD- NoTtß o o r w the ant r at m * c° Ac mplain mOd w att e n hhsve betweenbeeta urged try and some portions of Central America, a mail packet has been ordered to run between Honduras and Guatemala. Correspondence from this country will, In consequence, react the Guatemala ter ri tory 111 about area weeks. time. The veteran pensioner, we recollect, used to point out the memorable spots on that mimic field, and relate the marvels of that day, with the simple earnestness which 1k• Foe has given to his hero. he model has evidently been brushed up for the occa s:on. The fire is kept up nloag the entire range with much the same briskness as of yore. There will be found La Belle Alliance, La - Hoye Sainte, Hougoumont —every feature, in fact, of that memo rable scene. On one point alone do wo entertain a faint scruple; it is whether the re-appearance of the model is either well-timed or complimentary to the in numerable foreigners whom we have welcomed over. TILE FIRST 1W MAY, 1851, BY WINTERIIALTER. —Winterhalter, whose pencil is mainly dedicated to courtly chronicles and countenances, has just com pleted another of his numerous royal family groups. Both the subject and the nature of its treatment will doubtless soon become the property of the engraver. As the surer honours of the copyist are, however, necessarily slow, a few characteristic features may as well be briefly forestalled in description. Though the artist has not selected the brilliant in auguration of the international festival for his theme, he has illustrated an incident, which is not altogether unconnected with that memorable event, and is only second to it in interest. It represents the Duke of Wellington in the act of offering an affectionate sourenir to his little godson Prince Arthur, on the occasion of his first birthday an niversary. Thus whilst the most skilful designers of architecture, the neatest delineators of costume, and the most dexterous draughtsmen of perspective, are striving to perpetuate the gorgeous spectacle of the Ist of May, Mr. Winterhalter makes one assist at the graceful finale of that grand spectacle. The I Queen, Prince Albert, and the venerable bake of ' Wellington, are, of course, represented attired as they were gazed at by those who thronged the Crys tal Palace, a view of which is discernible in the dis tance. As if to place the date beyond all cavil, the May-lily is prettily introduced. l'he composition is 'imaged very satisfactorily, though in a way seldom indulged in since the days of Vandyke; that is, the figures are life-size, though they only spring from the canvas from mid-limb. Hereafter people will thus be enabled to gaze on the bright effigies of Queen Victoria, with much the same pleasure as one likes to dwell on the images of the first Charles at Windsor. MARIE AN TOTS ETC E, BY PAUL DELAROCIIE.--• RUMOUr speaks highly of this last production from the easel of the gifted French painter. Mr. Dela rocheTM now to have turned his mind to treat of the dramatic scenes of his own country, after long showing his partiality fur the tragical occurrences of our own annals. His present picture seems to have been maiuly inspired by a leaf from M. de Lamar tine's Girondists. Indeed, strange as it may seem, the scenes of the French revolution, which arc so graphically depicted by the French Macaulay, have not as yet been resorted to, except liar the purpose of caricature. The noble figure of Marie Antoinette seems to have till now waited for an artistic inter preter. M. I klarouhe bus represented the unfortu nate " Aril richienite" tk the stairs of the terrible tribunal which pronounced her death sen tence. She is attired in black, with a white scarf round her shoulders. A singular but striking effect, which the painter has rendered with habitual Mi r city, is the altered colour of her hair, which is said to have turned white. 'the artist has shown the altera tion by a few stray auburn locks, blanched at the root. In the background is represented the exerrat, • ing mob which greeted the unfortunate "widow Caput" on the morning of the lath October, 1791 CLERICAL. PREFERMENTS, llev. 11. Gray, to Almondsbury vicarage, Gloucestershire; patron, Bishop of Gloueestsr and Bristol. ltev. W. G. Ormsby, to Arklow roctory and vicarage, archdiocese of Dublin, value ; patron, Archbishop of Dublin. _ . . Rev. W. MulclilTe, to the prela nil of Donaghnsore, arch dioecr.e of Dublin, •clue 400/. ; patron, Archbishop of Dublin. . . C. F T . asdall, to St. Andrew's curacy, Dublin. Rev. H. Woodward, to St. James' perpetual curacy, Thornton, Yorkshire, value 1601.; patron, the Vicar of Bradford. . . . !tee. W. B. Flower, to Christchurch perpetual curacy, Plymouth ; patron, Bishop of Exeter (by reason of lapse). Bev. T. F. SitlMOn, to Bierton vicarage, with Stoke Mandeville curacy, Bitekland curacy, and Quarrendon curacy, Bucks, value 2721., with residence; patron', Bean and Chapter of Lincoln. VACANT. Racrouv.—Sidbury•, Salop, diocese of Hereford, value 2271. and residence ; putzon, liarl of Shrewsbury : Key. IL Muddocks deceased... . . VlVAltAGE.—Leighton, Salop, diocese of Lichfield, value 2181., and residence; patrons, representatives a 'Ate 'vicar-: the Rev. IL. Idaddocks, deeea.sed.... ERPETUAL . CltAelF-4.-111ackford, Wedmore, Somer setahire, diocou: of Bath and Weill patron, the Vicar of Wedmore: Ikv. T. F. Salmon, promoted, Northampton, St. Katharine, diocom of Peterborough ; patrons, Ityndman'to trustee.: Ike. B. Guest, pl.ollloted. i'IIINCI PA Ln II IP of the Money Schools, Bombay: Ike. T. Jerrom, deccaatd. Mututac. A correapondcnt of the Clonmel Chronicle says:—" I send you a statement of one of the most brutal murders that ever disgraced Tipperary. The victim, Richard Kennedy, a quiet inoffensive man, was employed as cure-taker on the land,, of Upper and Lower Crohane, the property of Lord Clonrnel and Guy Luther, Lsq., from which tenants had been lately evicted. On Thursday, the 31st of July, lie went to Modeshill, to Lord Clonmel's bailiff, fur his wages, and on his return he was murdered, just outside Mr. Lane's gate, but on the lands on which he was caretaker, and his body thrown into a large pond of water; his corpse wan not found until Saturday best. In the ab sence of the coroner, an inquest was held on Sunday and Monday, before the following magistrates :—John Millet, Ambrose Going, John Going, Purefoy Poe, John Langley, William Going, and William Despard, Esqrs., and a ver dict returned that Richard Kennedy came by his death from wounds inflicted on his head by sonic person or persons un known. The body when bound presented un awful appearance, no part of the head remaining but the lower jaw and back part of the skull. Two men, named Dwyer and Maher, workmen of Mr. Lane's, and the persons who were evicted from the lands over which Kennedy was caretaker, arc in custody. The murder was perpetrated ut about 10 o'clock in the morning, within about 200 yards of Mr. James Burne's where there were a number of men playing ball. So much fur the murder, but 1 am sorry to say I must now give you an account of almost as diabolical an act, Provi dence alone saving the live. of the murdered man's widow and children from an awful death ; the act will speak for itself. On the night of Thursday last, two day, before Kennedy's body was found, his house on Upper Croliane was set tire to; a man was up minding corn most providen tially saw it, and gave the alarm just in time to rescue the widow and four children, idso a poor woman with two children, who was lodging in the house, from so fearful a death. Tw u pigs and two goats, which were in the house, were burned to ashes. A PROPOSAL is Made by Mr. E. Newman, in the last number of the PAilotogist, a monthly botanical journal, that the space occupied by Smithfield market should be selected as the site upon which to construct " a great City conservatory and geographical perennial glazed garden." Mr. Newman urges that this site would not be obnoxious to the objections made by sonic of the inhabitants of the neighbourhood of Hyde.park to the permanency of the Crystal Palace in its present situation, unit that in some [other respects it would be preferable thereto. The general advantage.; which would accrue from his plan he enumerates under the following sic heads .-1. Health ; 2. Comfort; 3. Safety; 4. Instruction; S. Amusement; and G. Accessibility. This last is the main point upon which Mr. Newmon rests the claim of the superiority of Smithfield, as a site, to Hyde park. He states that his proposal was put into writing before the appearance of Mr. l'axton's petition for retaining the Exhibition Building in its present situation. ARCILEOLOGICAL DISCOVERY AT GREAT YAR morru.—lhere is a tradition that soon after the erection of the fortifications at the south end of the town, near where then stood the Blackfriars Priory, and adjoining one of tho towers, was the garden of a consent of nuns ; that the Lady Abbcs; while walking in this garden, overheard tour of the souks talking, and one of them boasting of the familiarity he had had with her; fearing that her reputation would be destroyed, she determined to get rid of such dangerous wit nesses ; she therefore poisoned the wine they were drinking. They were seated at a table in the room of the tower, which is still standing ; they all perished ; and the tradition proceeds to state they fell from their seats in the formof a MAN thus t, and as they fell so they were buried. The tower belongs to Mr. George Danby Palmer, who has hitherto been decidedly opposed to any search being made. But a few weeks since, when in company with some gentlemen, the conversation turning on the subject of antiguitlee, Mr. Jay, of the Market-row, mentioned the above tradition, and Mr. Palmer gave Mr. J. H. Harrison, who rents part !tithe Pee -1 Mine, and a Mr. Blyth, a conditional leave to examine the tower. Mr. Ilarriton proceeded to remove the soil from the lower chamber or cell of the tower, and very shortly came to the top of a stone coffin lying in the direction north and south ; the foot of another was soon uncovered lying in the direction from south to north ; while the foot of a third was discovered at right angles ,• evidently proving that there are four Mein lying foot to foot in the form of a cross. The ops or lids are of Purbeck, with a double foliated crow, and pediment of three step.