The Express. — London, England, 1863-11-02 00:00:00

ALFRED WEBB MILE 8, Everybody knows Mr. MILES. REMOVED trove Boadstreet, to 72, _BROOK STREET. RADOM , square, in MO. The 16s. T LOOMIS (origlasted by him) in WI the New Pelisses for Winter. " better then ever." SPECIAL NOTICE TO GENTLEMEN. A. W. MILD bees mom respectfoly to announce that his dock in the varloss departments of his establishment is now replete for vaitinp. Bedford * Cords, sad scarlet V aterproof Moth for t h e nting. The wool-dled ale aliE Pled hock ftsts, 60s. A choice of 150 pleattel hidestracttbis waded vr.4 of England Cloths. ESTABLISHED tot. Only address the erpreots. TO CORRESPONDENTS. Idtwortlimmale Winded for "The Pappas" Ueda. lEmstsi Pow, mast be 00 the ottlo•, 10, BouTertriliesE bp Two s'alocE as lEO dap 01PublicaSom COVIINf-GAPJ?EN : _ - Igo tv THZ DOM PLOWS& Mew& W. H. War, H. Corr!, A. Cook. and W. Harrison : Mass Lows& and &ma nu& Cooductor, Ur. A. INelloin.—Cmetence at & RAT Tun grimis• OUB thiNll 7 6)OL AB A CUCUMBER. —Mr. Charity Mathews: Mir F. We4jbt sal Mrs. OoLDIN PLZICIL Mr. and Wm Caarlar Xatheirs.—AM MY HUSBAND% Gaon. Mr. Clark. LYCZUIL nus Emma, UNCLE RBI. Mr. Wlddkomb and Miss C. Leclereq —BBL Di VONIO, a Lova Nom Marra ladder, Brougham, Imam Mario. mat Joni= ; laws Terry, Lamour, mod Ziamortay, aa.i Mrs. Law sierminnA. TEN ITEM*. TEI GRLT — GHOST EFFECT. Yaws Reynolds and Cooke Winn Cranford and Yam:dd.—TEE DAYS OF L 01713 IV. Mtn S. Low — i Wiby Mr. Randal, and Mac Ilana.—And NUDE AND P NIGH WAT AS IMO& SAIDOL Ms DAT —Wafts, S a ra a eh. Oft. TO4IOIIIOV -- Mamma. aa. a.... .AlPansaa. ft. Ma LONDON, MONDAY, NOVEMEER 2. THE best actors are in the habit of studying their parts from real life, and no doubt many of the most celebrated scenes in " Pickwick" and " Vanity Fair" are bat vivid descriptions of what DICKENS and TRACIUMAY have actually witnessed. Blue Books do not seem likely sources of inspire tion for novelists. But the selection of correspou donee between the Registrar of Friendly Societies and all sorts of Working Men just published fur nishes excellent models for their imitation. To write a fictitious letter in the name of another is proverbially difficult. And if either novelist or critic desires to know the style of thought and ex pression of the straightforward and prudent English workman, he cannot do better than look through the correspondence to which we have referred. The nature of Friendly Societies, at hut in theory, ought to be well understood. Their object is to raise by voluntary subscriptions, sometimes increased by donations, a fund to insure a certain payment on the occasion of a birth or death in a member's family, or to meet the necessities of sick ness or old age. It is impassible to deny the sub steuitial benefits to the working run of such societies if they are properly administered. Perhaps their most useful effect is to produce such habits of fore sight and prudence as are implied in becoming members of such institutions. To be able to put by a fragment of wages weekly or monthly, to exercise • constant self-denial is order to provide for the future, is a sort of moral discipline which most produce the happiest effect upon the working classes of this country. To show the importance of these iodi tutions it need culy be observed that in 1868 there were enrolled and certified upwards of 28,000 of them, and that during the yea. 1869 the Registrar examined and certified the rules of 1,277 new ones; whilst in 1858, out of the whole number, 9,994 poessood fonds amounting to 1,562,7841., invested in the savings banks alone. But the best things are domed ; nor have these institutions proved an exception. As one of the correspondents of Mr. TIDO Parr% the Re gistrar, says " Being a rather close observer of " the workings of many of the old benefit " societies held at public-houses, I have " known many paupers now in receipt of " parish relief who, in their younger days, " were members of one or more of these sixth. " ties, but who in the times of need found that they " had only been keeping publicans, officials, and " loungers ; that the funds had all bassi equandered, " and that they had no alternative bat to apply to " public charity." Another writes There lo no " doubt that many of these dubs are little ;we " than snares to the working dames. The most " capable get into offices, and have to attend most " frequently, and imperceptibly and apparently at " little personal cost they are reduced to " drunkards." The simple truth is, that instead of being used as friendly societies they are public-hoses dubs ; the menathes meet at the pubilohouse, and the fends are spent for the benefit of the landlord. " These societies," we read, " are so many props to pnblio.honees, " and whenever • public-house is advertised " to be Ist, it is often stated that there is one " or more clubs held at the house, and when • "new tenant comes to a public-house be generally " gives • feed to the members as an indooement for " them to step at the house.* The cruel thing is that the members who do not choose to attend, or who meant attend from living at a distance, are compelled to pay for those who do. " I thinks " myself," writes one brother, with excellent .066- moo sense, " if there is to be stuffing, let each dip " into his pocket and pay for it." And smother, "We thing it is clothing but right and j us t pay " for our liqor meld the MOO as members in " others society do that is certified." Another, who complains that the members spend "30s. " every lodge night," says, " I love odd fellow " ship if they were pare odd fellows, but I cannot " do with • majority of spendthrifts that cares not " for the box or the sick member." One society, which meets at the Cook-end. Bottle, Castle-green, sterns to speed its funds first in making its mem bers drunkards, and then in supporting them one of the sick fund. "We bad two omen," writes a member, "lest year; one was obliged 12 be kept in a " lunatic asylum for eight weeks, and received sick 1 ,, pay." And according to one statement, between 1837 and 1862 no less than 5681. was spent by one society in "drink and ale for the benefit of " the landlord." Now there is no question as to the illegality of such extravagance when it takes place at the ex pense of the club. Mr. TIDD Plum and the Ar roaxirr-GassaaL have pronounced against it. Many members have protested, but they have been overruled. "Thy day week-feast," writes one, " they would have 255. out for drink. The sheer " man opposed it with all his might; theydemanded " his key of the box and threatened to turn him out " of the room; Cneaux Buswiu., a trustee, taken " possession of the key, and with two more " taken the money out of the box, and " before the day was over they got drunk, sad " fighting took place, and some of the landlord's "furniture was hvoken, and all was confusion sad " uproar." Another says :—" They have turned " me out of the Club at last because I would not " pay for the dinner I this same Club, which consiete chiefly of poor labouring men, it appears that there are one or two teetotallers. These virtuous sec tarians having asked fora glass of teetotal drink, were told to pay for it themselves, whilst some of the others stopped till two or three o'clock in the morning, " to finials the drink bought with money " taken opt of the box. Three or four of these " were found next morning in a beastly state of " intoxication, and carried home. Is this right r We should say, certainly not. But what is to be dune f As one poor man says : "The committy " seams bent on their own way at the sacrifise of " eather law or rola." Fortunately the Legislature has provided a remedy. The Act of Parliament provides that if any person wilfully applies the funds of Friendly Societies to any purpose except such as are sanc tioned by the rules, proceedings may be taken against him, and he may be required to repay the money he has taken, and also to pay a fine of 201. Accordingly Mr. TIDD Plum., fortified by the opinion of the Arronszir.Gairinn, and moved by the numerous complaints addressed to him by the members of such institutions, has given distinct notice that if any further misapplication is made of the funds legal proceedings will be taken. Nor is there any doubt that this intima tion will be effectual to prevent the funds of these institutions being expended in feasting, processions, banners, ribbons, aprons, bell-ringing, or any object of a similar sort. Indeed, the effect of threatening to take proceedings against a Foresters' Friendly Society has already been proved. The price of a flag which had been im properly purchased out of the society was repaid, and an assurance was given that nothing of the kind should be done again. THE IXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER $, 1863. ebt Court. WINDSOR CASTLE, Ocr. 31. The Queen, accompanied by the Princess Helena, waked Red drove fa LLe groom& Ws A party of noneommLieeed dimes sad ;oldies of the Ceyloa Ride &gimlet, who h•ve been I. Sighed same months, and attar-bee° the Coldstream Guards for musketry practice, were inspected by her Majesty pre•ioas to their return to Ceyloa. Colonel Carleton, dad *Moor in brigade waiting, atteeded with them at Weidner Orrin _ Nom a= I. The Queen, Prisms Belem, Prisons Louise, Prime Leo pold, and Penmen Hohadohe ettamded divine nervice this morning is the prime, Miami The Vary Elev. the Dem at Windsor Miteisted. • Despitelsm were mat hem the Odeedel-odloe au Satur day to the Gammon of the Rent India Islands, Drilla Columbia, Bermuda, and the North American perinea. Their Royal Highneeses the Prince and Princess Louis of Home, who left Leedom cm Friday by the London, Chatham, and Dover Railway for Dover, embarked at that port is the Vivid for Wale, me their way to Germany, seen Mier their arrival. The ma wee running " moonleine high,' bat her royal bighnene was nothing daunted, and the French port wee meshed safely after a very stormy pa'n'e. Their royal highnswee proceeded by train on the Northern of France lino after a a►ort slily at the railway stalks. Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston entertain a select circle at &vodka& awing the week. h all pair bability the noble premier will mote to lowa far the oleic as Sim 110 inst. The Earl of Granville, who has bean on a visit to the Priam sad Primers of Wilts, id asaddaidism, expasled I. lowa to-day. — Me Excellency the Count Klecsowsks, French A:akar/mks at Pak* asectspoitisd by tie ooostas Mit tombs. vie Tudor tad Way, bay, let the ilnasirke Ha W, Jersym dm* en • abort visit to Auserkti. The Marquis of Drogheda and the Earl of Sureaby will ehertly leave Fails/id for a =The is We kedeldes yacht._ lir. J. Clarke, the popular burlesque actor of the Shea Tames (says the Oars). will Saks a basails Primeads Threes as Beady wait, the Tilt at Novas- The arrarpossars are base muds by a mumble al paths= mall Mama is sessraiss with litarstam sad She Law Adam sad sarsams km smarty all tee Wedged time= Val play as OW treasite, sad Yr. Clarks will maks his dor appanage as tba skip slam his savors acoidast, shish has prassatoi him tram porn* his pastorate tat wady twelve meths. Tie Yelverton cause, it is believed, will be ready tar* Hard Leak la Fokanary—tbe "ass" for the rsuoadeaktbeffee-MraTberesaLsegwertberYsiverka, Wails saaisyseed staled preasselisa. sad tbe lasestaviagbeealedipdberaretbeHauesefLealsrcaa The malt duty repeal agitation dos not sleep. Sir "ai m Kelly, who he balms the shemples el the ssevesent. pomaded it the Steer at the *wire PIIIMINIV Chit se /Sky mein. Is • speech, atter dismay he ie. &setae Se neoeuity tor the repast at the duty, sad unpd the hweres be coolies** Alerts Ow, that sliest. The range of eons& in October boa been net quits 1 per mei, and tie melt et the spiestioas of the weeth brs Ikea to estaltlimit as edemas ef 4. Is foreign sesowttio a enlistees, lad were Salim has hen un issued, the vend belmaes Wag Usst et Omsk Beak The plies et the ecenseseesweat wee id, old is sown Maim *ewe a fall of 6 pee amt., Opiate Possiee, 14 per sea aad Turkish Ocesoslidds, 14 par °set. Minty Audis him hem bastive. but Sew an smogs inprosumest of shout ler per ant Tlin ORM= at lan DlOnses o, LONDON.-.-We 11116111 SA the Bases el Lowden, aid the Principal sad Fellows ot linseseas Cloiless, Oxford, ham agreed to a exakage of pakesage, sake whielithe folio la( Belay ia the east it Lemke will shortly pm lido the gift of the Mist: —The motorise of Bt. Deneka, Middy ; tit ; et Jobe's, Wankel:: sad et. Nary, Blealford, Bow ; sad the perpetual mufti. it Ilk Philip, Beeped ; Pokes,2lspasy ; 84. Thomas, 81epasy ; Holy Trinity, Skims,; sal Obeid °hush, et. Cleergs'oba.tho End The ciellege w3l Ands the sonsip of the vicarages of Had Has, k Eden, aid Northelt, Xiddlier, hi ex limp for the Me Maim dove smalkmed.—Tieses. Tin PirttL2 oe Wst22.-1. alas beard in the Peiertorovgh nasty Odd tbie week didissid the startliag which has au hitherto ben siege milk that the medal trek whiff the Prim el Wake travelled from Halifax to London os the kit el Amidst aarrewil sniped the late ef the Lynn armies to. At the Mstpeaae aramires where both the Midland sal (rest Nerthent Ikea isamsest the root se wee mile to drive • lolled mese the Greet Northers no 'MN it seems, are Ely • gees Par: and whoa spa I. the ras4 it, also opus to the lid, so that there is se psteetion for anythleg paseisg Is the premed hedssee tie bellock, wind dm aked, r am wild se IliTilie bullocks tre emliy are whoa sm the herd. Two or rises sermal steed ea de ciao of the oroadag b preyed lb 'deg dews the lid sad then:dew hada/ dead on the other lid% as Me it should set get up the Ihm. Lepiad Mee presseded, however, the hale& ,// Sts paeanthe slip, and trotted com pl ess emly Mk the mo Aimed at this remeet the royal express irsia dediediess, strain the animal babied, sad happily throw* it off the Inc so that Isar further seidomt was avoided—Peter borough Aderrnaer. TH. EARL or Leann[ —The following letter hes bees addressed to the editor of the Observer —" Sir laa what is celled a leading paragraph la year paper, which by the merest sham W/65 plilW•slld to she I observe that you repreerd me as hadag set for Leitrim la S. Hoed of Comm as a liberal. I seer did. It was my Mad whom I succeeded. I was too Me to allow myself to be dragged into the .lough by a dihreputable party, with whack, in my opinion, so ma with • shred of chimed amid me coded to so. According to their (sod your) vefsl63o lam cow a disgraced and degraded mac. Bo far as the myrmidon of disloyal power de injuni or urn me it ha km dose ; but th e so d i s yet to seem sad it will be for my momal and causeless foe to meet me, if be dad, is that noble boom to which we both below, sod when right sod not sight mgt prevail, tide! all the blood of all the Howarth essayed to beat It doers. Plods to correct the mistake which you have es drug* mads, is your nod paper sad 2011144 lawflint.—Th• Sal to° HMI, BadeMeMest. Debi* Oat 28." Tan Clinands. Lamar.. —The lectures founded I= Gresham te he delivered la Illiebselens coesidasse to-morrow. at the Calked is Basieghdlonset,esesrdleg to the following amassment : —Astronomy by the Bee. Joseph Palley RD, of Orme Christi °Mem Cambridge. Now. 2,3, sad 4 ; Physie 12 , Dr. H. IL Besthey, Nov. I sad 7 ; Div= the Bev. IL J. Parker, IL A.. Nov. 10, 11, mid 13 ,• by the 8... °barites lase, ILA., lassethest Bt. Potash. Muck lessiegtos. sad Dom tiosthwink, 13 and 14 ; Low by Dr. J. T H AI ly, of Mink Hall, Cale brides Regius Protester of Law Is lion frainwrity. Nor. 17 sad 18; Geometry by the Rev. B. Illands Ords, RD., 85. Idoe's Colleen. Canibridr. Iteeenr d 84. Lamm Jew!, sad Minor Oases of St Pees. Nov. 12, 110, sad 21 ; Hume by Dr. Henry Wylde. of ?Malty _Dollops Cambridge, Prissiest of the Lowden Academy it Mole. Iteesedieg to as oldemadereest, the berm as define.* et II o'sioek is Lois sad at 1 is English, except that there Is 110 meal, Lestan, is lank. sad that the sad the mask ler Ina Ia &OM are delivered at 7 o in the deeiseL LATEST INTELLIGENCE. ARRIVAL OF THE KING OF GREECE AT ATHENS. The King of Greece arrived at the Piresus at 9 a.m. of October 30. He was enthusiastically received on landing at the Pirieus, and afterwards at Athens. His Majesty attended a Te Deum at the Cathedral, at which the diplomatic body was present. Athens is reported to be quiet, and the people well disposed. (urria'a TILIORAMIL) AMERICA. GALWAY, Nov. 2. The Atlantio Royal Mail steamer Columbia, from St. John's, on the 25th ult., arrived here at 2.30 a.m. to-day. She brings 21 cabin and 16 steerage passengers, mail bags, and cargo. NEW YORK. Ocr. 23. (Per the o.)lambia.) .... Lee's retreat south of the Rappahannock is con firmed. It is reported that his tactics were to °over the departure of troops to check Baruside's advance towards Lynchburg. Meade holds the country east of the Rappahan nock. It is reported that Bragg will be superseded. Despatches have been received from Charleston to the 20th inst. The siege operations continue. Money easy. Gold 45i. At a democratic mass meeting, held in New I York, resolutions were passed declaring that the democracy will never consent to the destruction of the Union. There were minority ones for peace, but the majority favoured the prosecution of the war. French and English interference was repu diated. A declaration was made that no emperor should ever be crowned in Mexico. General Meade has visited Washington for a consultation concerning the future of the North. COMMERCIAL INTELLIOKNCE. NEW YORK, Om 23, 3 r.s. (By Toloirspla to SA Join's.) Money lighter. Yesterday gold ran down to 39 per cent. on a rumour that Mr. Chase had effected a foreign loan. It afterwards recovered to 43. This morning it opened at 4.3} per cent., rising to 461 on unfavourable war rumours. Exchange on London, 162. Stooks yesterday were buoyant, but are leas firm to-day. New York Coattails, 1371 ; lllinois , l24i ; Erie, 101. Cotton quiet : Middling Upland, 86. Breeden* are advancing, having been favourably affected by ths rise in Vold this morning. Provisions and soffee and stager are (idiot. Molasses steady. CAPE RACE, FamAY Emma. The Africa will sail from Bt. John'. for Liverpool on the 276. NEW YORK, Ow. 2t, Brum. (By Telegraph to IL Jeff's.) Advises from Charleston to the 214 inst. State that General Gilmores batteries were nearly ready to open fire on the city. Money light, Gold 41 per cent. premium. Mi ami. on London, Bankers' Bills, 16L Stocks steady. New York Central, 138 ; Illinoiy 1251 ; Erie, 110} ; United States Bonds, Six per Cent., nee. Cotton very dull ; Middling Upland, 86e. Flour, wheat, and cota advancing. Provisions quiet. Coffee inactive. Sugar quiet. Molasses very firm Petroleum dull ; crude petroleum, Ns. ; refined ditto, 500. [Frew the Times (wooed editioe),l Om. 23, Arnentroon. The Confederate army is retreating on Rich mond. The Federal army is in pursuit. No battle has been fought, but numerous skirmishes have taken place, in which the Federal. have been victorious. It is reported that Banks' army has landed on the coast of the Rio Grande river, and is soarghing on Brownsville. Flour, wheat, corn doe/Ming Moos Tuesday, but firms to-day. Gold, 144. Oct. 24, Noon. The military situation remains unchanged. Gold, 144. POLAND. VIENNA Nov. 2. The Wieser A bendpost announces that arrests continue to take place at Warsaw. The entire inhabitants of houses are taken during the night to the citadel. Amongst those recently arrested were 20 ladies. Tim railway trafficbetween Breslau and Piotrkow has been interrupted. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (molt ous owl PARA 8131111 DAT Erminta. The Revue Contemporciee, in an Auricle which the Temps considers as semi-official, lately com plained of the fatiguing monotony of the word " liberty," which in May last formed the staple of all the electioneering addresses of the opposition. The Temps very well replied that the simultaneous nee of this word of fear to official ears was not the result of any commiracy, as the Revue Centavo rase would infer, but simply the expression of • maimed want without which citizens, however tolerable their immediate lot, have no guarantee that they new not be made slaves. One of the greatest of Preece writers has said that " toleration is tyranny," because there is no security that that right which is toler ated to-day may not be prohibited to morrow. In plainer terms toleration is ex si termini the negation of right. It is from this abyss that all thinking Frenchmen, not receiving government pay, are now making a serious struggle to emerge. I would emphasise what I have just written. It I. my deliberate conviction, speaking on the eye of • great crisis, that no notable handful of Preach men can be found—opant from liveried partisans-- who approve of the imperial system of government Of course I do not mean to say that if it were necessity to-morrow to vote between the exist ing empire and an uncertain revolution--(and that is the false way in which the heirs of Dec. 2 always put the case)--the fear of immediate evil would not urge the multitude to cling to what is, last swarm thing should happen. But this cherished idea and ultimo ratio of the empire is manifestly no argument at a time like the present, when independ ant men of intelligenee think it possible to better Unit condition without shaking the very founds lions of society. The Bmperor must be as mad as the King at Prussia if, as the correspondent of one of yourecetemporaries has stated, he really thinks of taking • reactionary course now. He has a golden opportunity of curing the vicious title derived from the coup d'itai, and of appropriating and conciliating that universal suffrage which he has hitherto hoodwinked and cheated. The repu diation of some of the most indefensible sets of the prefects, and the consequent sacrifice of a few mate in the Chamber, would, while but slightly diminishing the numerical minority of the govern ment, enormously increase its moral force. Bet, in order that the Emperor may reap the benefit of any such concessions, they must be made cheer fully, and not grudgingly and of necessity. I cannot conceive that his enlightened self interest will lead him to any—l will not say violent, but even ingenious attempt to stifle the natural flow of independent speech which is now about to burst forth from a select and Intel lectually powerful opposition. This being All Saints' Day, one of the great national holidays, the old established evening jour nals do not appear. The young ones, the Temps and the Nation, steal a march upon their brethren, and are alone cried upon the Boulevards. In the Temps there is a review of a powerful new pamphlet, by M. E. Pelletan, entitled "The Shadow of '89," in which the new deputy for Paris refutes M. de Persigny's famous doctrine, that liberty was well enough for Englishmen, but did not suit the demo cratic institutions of France. M. Pelletan settles this nonsense pretty conclusively by saying, " If you won't let us have what you call the aristocratic liberty of England, give us the liberty of Switzerland, or of America, where there is no aristocracy." In answer to M. de Persigny's argument that under parliamentary government political power is the prize of eloquence, M. Pel letan replies that eloquence is after all only the drapery of thought, and admitting it to be an ex crescence, it does no more harm than M. de Per signy's grand cordon and embroidered uniform. General Bedeau's funeral was performed at Nantes yesterday with great simplicity. His expressed wish that no military honours should be paid to his corpse was strictly obeyed, and not a single uniform was seen among the followers. In point of fact— and this consideration probably explains his dying injunctions—he had not at the time of his de►th any military rank at all, since his commission, like that of Cavaignac, Lamorictice, Charms, and others, was confiscated after the coup d'itat, and be was struck off the army list. The four pall bearers were M. Lanjuinair, deputy for Nantes, M. Dnfaure, General I*moricibre, and IL Quartz.- barbels, an ex-deputy. THE GALE. NTJMEROI:7B WRECIES. SOUTHPORT, BIISDAT NIONT. It has been blowing a prided hurriesoe here, winieapsaied by a terrible *ea (wriei ci ttein But," R.N.) Yesterday efternoso it was that a large owed oar co shore as the Trunk • &What*. three adist from shore. The lifeboat of the Noland Lifeboat In. elinitioa was at ones taken down at be breaelmOieff =abreast et the venal. end Learitel. hike • limed ageism the straw wind and see the lifeboat for. =t o is clozio l N am with tie zing. illt i v i prevs y d booed free to Ramesh. with A i l! WV. TM maw bed est away the fore sod aria =an Is the bops al saving the Ml, ~sr which the est wee soaking k olden bona. The lifeboat task al the new , seventeen it weber, and landed them id* et flenthytiA. The aa of the tidy wee deeply o f ter the MATIOSO of the Thhmt, es he esseldsra LIM gat hinds lIIIIISi bare be. lest in l ue biessia ti Alfas Works' the ship Odd the lifeboat ewe a tressodoes eft which ore. whebned her wed poly elf ea bred ; but she soon cleared herself. . . Tijaloot et We valaabie lifeboat am was the gift to the Mammal Weald hoeing= el Jie Kant* Fug., of Faeley Bath, about two yaws up, cad abo boa already saved 38 eiblpertweluel peeme. II woe oaf, last year that a mastatrammialloa le /Wand forwarded Wm NeMesal lM. boat laethiatioa 801. la admiratioo of the impormat eervime its lifeboats were omatantly rendering to shipwrecked crews el all maths ea ear skeet. OAMPELLTO N. 11.., OCT. 30. Al tr ail" " hi" a an a. d rat Ph , bin. Al l: WWI as the we mhas st meet o 1 Cestyre. AA woos se the tafeewatioa reathal this Orem the lifeboat el the Nalwai Lifeboat laelthatioa .as immediately deepathed as bar tatrapertiag salmis to the seem of the wreak. By the time the arrived MOMS of the erew bed hem dragged aims by imam el gnat the tide baying thee tea wed, sad a rible eat a, the lifeboat was at earl leasolied. After a great of mortice the remaisfar of the ma, wesistiag el aema rasa, were ham off by the Wawa. Re Grew of the lifeboat belewead I. a very dal* massate. The late lady Murray pre the eat et this valuable lifeboat the isattiuttom KINGSTOWN, Oor. 31. On Thursday, De it was blowing • 'linen phi from W. by N.N.W., wick • heavy see on, • eoHWos took place between a brig end • sloop sear the eatranee to 'rapture Harboar, the letter was dimissted and drifted eat be es& sad the brig mode soil out of the bay. It ems theught thnt the crew of the sloop were probably on hoard sad wield inevitably be lost. and the Kingdom' lifeboat of the National Lifeboat Instatatios was towed out end rescind the wreak of the sloop which was about der reins oat. With moth diMoelty the ocesinda put ass of the lifeboat% mew on hoard, who searched the vessel and fwd us the them There woe so nesse as the vernal or bar host, and the crew were Notably taken sway by t he that sr as into collision with her. The sloop sink in 14 fathoms of water, Dew the KM Bank. The *beat after wards returned to the shore. Mars Bootie Cider beano lenity colleded the cost of this lifeboat. FLEETWOOD, Ocr. 31. The litotest of the Nattered Lifeboat lestitottos on this statics hear opts been oat oo service. Yesterday Nods( the gals blew with unbend force, and a large ship, the lA/Bas, bead Aim Liverpool to Bombay, with 1,900 toes ol coal ea beard, was droned to show sigmas of distress. The lifeboat was banoedtately erased and takes out in tow of the steam-tog Wyris. The vessel was found at anchor in the "Luse" in 18 fathom water. Ultimately the steam-tug was laid &low side the ship for • ineenent, sad 38 of the Names on board at cese jumped on to her. The span and two mates were Olt on the ship, and they requested the lifeboat to rennin by them, which she did for three boors, when a very heavy sea struck the ship, sod brought her down upon the lifeboat, which, with her pliant crew, oar. rowly escaped destructioa. The lifeboat ens thus cut adrift. sad, notwithstanding the *obit and repeated efforts of her crew, she was usable--in her crew's exhausted son dines, and is the fan of the heavy gale, tile. end ma—to =the ship. They were therefore compelled to ran for Dock, who's they strived about naidaight, nearly perished with cold sod exhausted. At daylight they spin returned to the ship with the view of reaming the poor men on board, bat fortunately they had bon previously takes off by a mercantile 011111101., the weather having moderated. The °Daman of the lifebo-t left four hands ' on board the vessel, which u full of water, it being seedy up to the decks. • FRASERBURGH, Ocr. 30. Oar lifeboat has Jan goes off to its moue of the mew of the smack Saw Jack, of loverseas, which west Phan daring • heavy gale of wiled, this =2 1. 40 Onirtheda The Brigp. lifeboat has not yet and I sea us able to send you further parteculan, as post is just closing. MARGATE, Ocr. 31. There was a very heavy gale of wind berm yeeteiday frost W.B. W. (writes G. D. Martens, EN., hon. secretary of this branch of the Noticed Lifeboat Institutiou). The schooner Marquis of Sligo, with coal, from Shields to Torbay, was Mil into is Marpte Roads, by the brig Elisabeth, of Oopeulnear, awi mak in mine fathoms of water off the North Forehead. Thu chief mate of the ethane" Ind him arm broken, but be and two of the crew were fortunately roomed by the Elizabeth, sad the master sod two remaining MUM were taken from their boat sad eddy leaded at Margate by the Eclipse hugger, The brig has been takes to Leaden in tow of a steam tog. The shed Saterpries. of sad hoes Poole to Middlesborough, pareehas &ether and mime isle colli sion with a whooner, sealtei her bowsprit, She slipped her mond anchor and media lath bet would sot anon h e r helm, and struck oo the east side of the Long Nom mad. bank, but bu been sedated off by the Merpos lmer Macy. lo neither case were any liver lost. As the eight was dear and then eras plenty of assietarees at band, it wee not considered necessary to launch the iMellost of the National Lifeboat bastitutiou. LLOT /I, rem CARLISLE. Ocr. 30. Lora night the WWII lifeboat of the National Lifeboat Institution vets towed out le • fearful gale of wind to the sesistanee of the one of the brigantine Wiliam Deigns, of Ilsryperh which had stranded ea a saodbask about s mite sad half fr lb. Solwq•light ship. On emir* at the bank it nag bend that the vessel had fortunately ace ended, au the tide ram, la patties off, and bad tan ashore near Seektoot. While the bravado' was stramided he m p the doylies, of Oardigam, gains Into • collides with her. sad tM two vass is did oaspiderable damps be mash other. The crews forteinestair'smecended la reschleg the shore is their own beets. Then is a great rash to the geld aims in tits enmity of Beams s shoat thirtpive Teem fees gasket Them are about a thousand pen= as m ho . 3a ss, obi& are and to be ozenschegly .:toads over a &stenos of above Arty outer. part of It manioc through the eabetbsof Quebea—Cesumtiea Paper. THE DISTRESS IN LANCASHIRE. I ___..- I (noM OUR BPZCIAL MANCHESTER" Ocr. 3L My last letter contained the statistics of distress and relief for the period between the months of May and October. The returns showed, as far as statistics are able to do, a marked improvement in the general condition of the people. But there are many elements in the social state of a community which are incapable of being expressed in figures at all, much less by such rough arithmetical gene ralisations as necessarily form the staple of relief committees' reports. To some of these I now propose to draw the attention of your readers. It must not be supposed, in the first place, that even in places which have received the full benefit of the present revival of manufacture the closing of relief boards is at all equivalent to a return to a condition of ordinary prosperity. Indeed the first result of the suspension of operations by a relief board will be, as I have said before, a temporary increase of pauperism. No board can afford, for the people's own sake, to keep open till its work is absolutely accomplished, and the last possibly deserving case has received its meed of assistance : every board leaves a legacy of distress to the legal guardians of the poor. What the closing of a relief board really means is, that a considerable proportion of the operative population is in full employment ; that another pert is work ing short time, while a remnant, still unemployed, is dependent for subsistence upon chance work other than in the factories—or upon the labour of more fortunate members of their families—or in the last resort upon the parish. And again, I must recall to your readers' minds a fact to which l bad often occasion to refer at the commencement of this distress, that full work does not imply full wages. Whether eventually the alter►tion of machinery, and the gradual improvement of the raw material will enable theoperative to earn as much with Indian as he formerly did with American ootton is difficult to say; it is probable enough that a return to a healthy and natural trade, fairly profitable to the manufacturers, may bring about a reconstruction of the wages Hat. At present it is undeniable and neoessary--espe daily in the ease of mills where the new staple is only now beginning to be need—that operatives, working at the old rate of remuneration, should carry away from the pay table at the fortnight's end a diminished wage. In addition to this, it must not be forgotten that eighty weeks of it least partial privation have brought the people very low. The burthen of debt, contracted two years ago, still rests upon them, constitatiag atilt to a particular shop, which often hinders them from spending their earnings to the best advantage. Savings and investments are gone long ago, with the exception of such inconvertible property as cottages which bring in no rent, yet make the owner, so long as be is not himself a pauper, liable for poor rates. The stock of clothing sadly needs renewal ; the decent gown, the respectable coat, hides a wofal lack of underclothing, which will make itself felt these sharp winter nights. Then, there are the claims of kindred and friendship— claims which the poor rarely reject, and which they never more conspicuously acknowledged than in Lancashire during the last two years. Public charity is compelled to rely, and does confidently rely, upon the help which the employed will give to those who still unwillingly stand idle. The only counterbalance to all these things which we can allege is that our manufacturing population have lately learned secrets of economy, of which in prosperous times they never dreamed; and that they now regard as a sufficient livelihood a weekly sum which not long ago they would have looked upon as • most miserable pittance. Still their struggle during the next year or two—taking our prospect' at the brightest—will inevitably be most severe. They will have to pay rent once mom, even if no demand be made upon them for accumulated arrears. Many landlords have of late been reduced to the same level of distress as their tenants. The shop keeper will ask for some small weekly reduction of the old debt ; he has his creditors too to satisfy ; and such sums as be eau thus collect will make the difference to him between insolvency and a chance of recovering his imperilled credit In a word, all the pecuniary obligations which during this exceptional period have been put into abeyance will reappear, and that at a time when the workpeople would have enough to do to keep themselves straight could they apply the sponge to all past transact one, and make a fair start once more. But the position of that clam of shopkeepers who are immediately dopeadent upon the operatives deserves to be more particularly looked at. They bore the first sunsuit of this calamity. Before relief boards were established, or at all events before the working people were willing to accept such assist ance, they exhausted their credit at the shops where they were accustomed to deal. The extent to which they became indebted depended upon the amount of the shopkeeper's espital. He was afraid of dri►ing his customers into the arms of some more accom modating rival ; and be gave credit till it became necessary, for the sake of his own com mercial safety, to refuse it. Since that time these tradesmen have subsisted, with sparely replenished shelves, on such ready money custom as sprang from wages, and the pittance allowed by relief boards. It was in consideration of their losses and wants that the system of giving relief in kind bas not been more extensively adopted—a system in itself cheapest, and in many of its aspects, more I I satisfactory than any other. But there can be no doubt that at the present moment the majority of these petty shopkeepers are virtually insolvent. They owe to the wholesale dealer who supplies them with their wares more than they can possibly pay, while their resources are scattered up and down in debts which are bad, or at least irrecoverable. Their present immunity from the visible penalties of bankruptcy is due to the fact that to sell their fur niture and to close their shops would not only be a bard thing to do, but a commercial mistake. Their creditors spare them, as they spare the operatives who are in their debt, in the hope that with good trade, a day of repayment will come round again. But the fact remains, that the working class will not have done with distress when it withdraws itself from outward observation. Long after it has formed the subject of the last newspaper article, its shadow will remain iu thousands of homes, in unpaid debt, in the necessary sacrifice of the future's hopes to the unfulfilled obligations of the past. I do not call attention to these things with any arviire pence as to the possible extension of the term of relief. On the contrary, I am unfeignedly anxious that the whole system should come to a speedy end, fully behaving, as I do, that it 'maid he far mom is the true interests of the people to cease to help them before they ' have wholly cooed to need help, than to prolong for • single day an anaemia/ay assistance. There are burthens which one man, or one class of men, can help another to bear ; them are others which meat be borne alone. That which will weigh upon us, long after the cessation of visible distress, is of the latter sort. Only by bearing it to the end will it be possible for the working classes to recover the in. dependence and the self-respect, the existence of which must be endangered by any. system of charity, however cautiously and wisely administered. The only aid possible will be that which neighbours and friends—men whose aims and whose interests are substantially the same—can give to one another, without moral detriment on either side. And even to do this successfully will require an unusual exercise of care and forethought. All that I have said of plaoeswhicb enjoy a gleam of returning prosperity, may be repeated with added emphasis of those which are still in the deep shadow of distress. It is true that their external appearance is lees peculiar than it was six months ago : sewing schools, adult classes, soup.kitchens —all institutions created by this calamity —are in great measure' closed, acid the people have settled down, with a kind of dull resignation, to the en durance of privations which they know to b e inevitable, and which they only hope will not be perpetual. Of the girls who were in the sewing schools some have found work, others have gone to service, others again are busy at home ; many of the younger men are on the tramp in search of work, while others are finding employ ment in the undertakings encouraged by the Public Works Act. It is possible enough that as winter advances the relief committees, in some towns at least, may be compelled to enlarge their sphere of operations once more ; and that the sewing classes, the adult schools, the soup kitchens will again have their work to do. With the experience gained last winter their re-organisation, in places where they have been wholly closed, will be easy ; while in others, where they still exist in a state of half sus pended animation a simple enlargement of the staff will suffice. But at present the freedom of the streets from lounging men, from girls streaming homewards, not from the factory, but from Sunday schools or mechanics' institutions, applied to this unwonted use—from crowds of women eagerly pressing to some door or window, and turn ing away each with her loaf and can of soup—the absence, is abort, of many of the outward signs of distress with which the eye became last winter only to familiar—have restored to our factory towns mach of their accustomed aspect.. But there is a very painful listlessness and weariness about the people's look, as if they had lost hope and energy, and had no strength left, except to wait passively till better times come round. Those who are out of work rely upon the relief committees with a quietness which, if I mis take not, has at least as much lassitude as real moral confidence in its composition ; those who are at work have by no means, as I have stated above, escaped the battle with privations, and in the meanwhile are weighed upon by • constant sense of the precariousness of their livelihood. I speak, of mime, of the better class of operatives : ikon who in ordinary times hovered on the verge of pauperism, andsometimes overpassed it, feel neither shame nor uneasiness in getting all they can out of relief committees. But upon the hopeful spirit, the vigorous energy of the better working men and women, there can be no doubt that this calamity lays a heavier hand day by day. The question of clothing is one which now begins to press upon the attention of relief committees. And surely not without reason.. The highest rate of relief which has been given in this district during the last two years affords no margin for this necessary object of outlay. It is true that last winter a very large distribution of bedding and clothing took place ; true that the blankets and sheets then given will not need renewal now. But if it is recollected that many of the recipients of clothing weredriven tothelestextremity before help came ; that what was then given them—much of it already half worn—has been almost their only cover ing for twelve months ; that the distribution, from the terrible pressure of the destitution and the inexperience of the distributors, was imperfectly and unequally made ; and that many families who kept their heads above water last winter will now be candidates for this kind of relief—it will be seen that this want is naturally of periodical recur rence, and must ,be met by a periodical effort. Many relief committees are already addressing themselves to the task, in the hope of executing it more deliberately and successfully than they were able to do last November. Some have accumulated considerable stocks of underclothing from the labours of the sewing classes throughout the year ; others are applying to this purpose whatever balances may remain in their hands. It is greatly to be regretted, I think, that the Manchester central committee—the amount of whose grants is already dictated by a stern spirit of economy—has declined to make any special appropriation of money for this purpose ; and intends to confine its activity to the reception and distribution of donations of clothing from tbegenersl public. I am entirely ignorant of the reasons which have led to this decision but I know from my own personal observation that the people need clothing, and that the want must t in some way or other be supplied. The effort which was made last autumn by private charity will I believe be made again, if the necessity for it be fully known. And the more that can be done through the central and local com mittees—the less through the hands of irrespon sible private distributors—the better. There is one other subject to which I wish briefly to allude—though I do so with some hesitation—. the health of the population. 1 find in the last monthly report of the Central Committee that "they have good reason to believe that" this "is generally in a satisfactory condition." 1 hear that the medical officers of poor law unions make favourable returns, while it is claimed for the factory operatives who are doing out-door work as a qualification for relief that they improve in appearance and gain in weight ; and yet at the same time there is au uneasy feeling on the part of many who are most intimately acquainted with the working people that this condition of things is deceptive, and that the vigour of the population has been sapped to a perceptible extent by the long pressure of distress. I fully believe that the change from the hot atmosphere of the mill to the rough breezes of a Lancashire hill-side has improved the physique of the operative ; but what of his growing children, who can no longer be allowed un limited access to the loaf ; of his wife, who quietly stints herself for his, and the children's sake 1 Then there has been a considerable amount of overcrowding : families have gone into smaller houses ; two families have consented to occupy one house. In the town of Glossop alone there are at present 374 houses and 51 shops to let, every one of which was in all probability o cc upied two years ago. And if the reports of small-pox, scarlatina, measles, &c., which are rife is so many districts, have no more than a foundation of fact, must it not be that a population accustomed to a much more generous diet than they have been able to procure for two years past—unable to command the comforts and luxuries which at certain occasions and pe riods of life are indispensable—crowded within narrower limits, insufficiently clad, and weighed upon by a constant pressure of almost WA' fake Dario Tea& carri collo Pay' caw. coot Item the 9041 vend 18e. Li. I a o ISO lL I gab sod L W. IT IP stri Owl Noe will Dove' 11) Z. hal ( Z. —C F,.. quid fast Pow 'an BOW build ossai