The Express. — London, England, 1856-09-02 00:00:00

Pir the working elan i thinks Spain in a sad rapid MINI the secret societies To Englishman, pleses and try as strange that a thir obeeare. Till the ezpnia changes enseeptioss os treated by oar owi Pint, that by & wholly .okoor bar oa bar Tn io sa s i si The rod ell That Ikea a 44 three rho I 1!•.' if -0." • r xpreflgO. , Tr. COMMISPOKOUTB. 11400d1MININIssisil "Tb• arorare Lcadaa wigs( pip% surt ale st the MY% 10, BCOUlli , ..z.st. by Teo 0 ,0,ft % b. doe et polilemisib MGR WATRa AT LONDON DROOL rum lb — 4144441 44. is 43a.—....111114nraL 4. Thae 4 low -111 °" 18 '4. 414 .Ateuraess. 41. LONDON, TUESDAY, SEPTBII3III 2. TWA eshaief and vitality of polititel diasensiewil emit, lie in the vagueness of the terms applied by the antagroists to each other. The regimens Is ear esaieat in one way—it enables angry people to give a name to whatever they dislike, and to themselves patriotic whenever they buls= yeseioos in a fit of railing. We observe that own the qaestions to be answered by candidate' for weak civil Mese are some about the meaning, as well as the origin, of the names Tory and Whig. Daring the last century end a half, it might bays been very good for a multitude of people to be 'remised es is what they meant by those party terme and we should really like to know how many we in tke British Islands could at this comet give a passable answer to the simple question—what they mean by a Whig end a Tory ? la times of special pertarbatios, when political titles or nick-Imm are of a stronger and coarser nature than the avenge, it Is eminently important that their significance shoal& be privies ; whereas it is exactly at swell dues that Os application is the loosest. Borne of se may to member to have asked in our childhood, at boss or at school, what a Jacobin was? Can any of se say that we ever got an answer that was ese fat at the time and hes remained true ? Aa obsole'm novelist tells an anecdote of a blowstockieg lady, of the bat enemy whose little daughter, duly impressed by the oe bag words she heard, asked at ineonvenicat question now and then—" Mamma, Wait areliydro statics ?" When mamma was compelled to bear and reply, she said, " Why, my dear, yen lovely how l what hydrostatics means. Why, everybody kerne that." Herd driven at last, ibis aided with, 01 Why, how stupid net to know what hydrostatics is! Hydrants/fee is—water." The -practical issue in that one wee that the infest pedant asked for a gloss of hydrostatics at dinner. In the agaally dificult cam of the messing of Jacobin fifty ir sixty years ago, the Inquirer brought away so motion but that Iweebloiens meant everything that Vas bad. Lord Cocasteries Nesoorialo of kis Mho, which all the weld is new reading, tells us more on this r riot than we 'VW &sew before, though Strum. Sans, lyceumT, sod others of their clique hays startled the secieediag aspiration, from time to time, by revelations of what it watt sixty years ago to we eider the imputation of Issobisima in Scotland. Every man, sad every woman, who differed is *pinion from the Go memissent is London, and the domisaat faction in '=dinbs►gh, wee a Jacobi.: sod to he a Jacobin was to wish to murder everybody, aid to pet an eed to swerythiog. This short wooing of the matter we believe to he a faithful one. Wherever tt.on I. political saissinem, there is at least one slang Isms which noludy will explain. As in our ems fifty years ego, wheat we reesived the reply, 4 ' Jacobioieto, my dear 1 why, dam me I closet you Low what that is ? Why, Jecobiniess is wicked. seer;' so now on the Contimmt, sad perhaps in mum parts of England, the ingenuous inquirer can isms nothing about Socialists, but that Socialism is oiveryltiog that is had. Socialism is the bugbear of oar time, at d we leel a strong desire to obtain, for public security and private enlightensamt, some sort of notion of what it is that European society dreads -under the nom, of Socialism, or, at any rate, to sneer -lain what different evils are thrust under the cover of 4he setae tame. We believed last week that the Maglish pub,io were about to learn this. The Tams ia.iog rbiThrged biczzuft with being a Soeialist, a mellinformed " Traveller in Italy " mut a keg letter ele that Joarual, not only clearly disproving the charge I die regard. ?daunt, bat exonerating from it She political acts is Italy, ona aed all. do doubt a multitude of minion' readers de. yawed that fatter with eagerness, in the hope of at last eacertainiag what Socialism, is the seam of in timputatiso, really is t but no satisfaction on tint head dces the letter yield. We have no right telnerrel with the, as the direct object of the letter ireseimply the vindication of the Italian Liberals ' hat ereehoold have liked to glean somethieg more kens else discussion then that Socialism Invitee "ez elegies attentive to material and physical wants;" and that this attention generates "egotism. and the general estruption and worship el material in terests." From these and all other scattered lights it is dear that \ widely different things are classed under the same time. The very terms "egotism " and " socialism " era antagonistic; and the primary claims of all the So lir:jets known in England are foe equal spiritual and itualleetail—that is, ;pal adage tinsel rights for all I rho are berm into society. We observe that the " TrAwallor in Italy • &indignities the mischief of Socialism as consisting mainly in the uprising of "a class" bent' en pursuing its own interests fa opposition to the equally selfish " egotism "a the ieurgeosaie, as developed tan the Osumi Gauen. meat in France. Aod yot the Pore, in his damn- Mations of Lis own liberal 'objects, and the other absolute rulers who prescribe Socialism, do so ca the pound of its abolishing all distinctions of class. It would be very instructive to misty, sad would tend greatly to promote pesos sad pogress, U all who talk about Socialism would explain what it is that they mean and that they fear. It appears that Msunei has done this repeatedly, and at long inter vals of time, as may be men in short extracts from his writings quoted by his vindicator in the Tues. It would Nave a world of anxiety and mischief if the limes would do the same ; and the POPE, and the CZAR, and Louis NAPOLEON, and O'DonsitLL—ia short, everybody who publicly &nougats Sedalia'. In 1849, the POPE eharged his subjects with being addicted to Socialism, Communion, Pro- testantism, and anarchy. The late CZAR saeriliced the commerce of his empire to hie dread of Socialism soaking its way across the frontier from Germany. where, according to the testimony of his weals of the smaller states, it abounds. The French 01/11116. meat susses its policy of repression by the imps arising from a wide prevalence of Socialism semi working clams. of all France; and O'DownaLL Spain in a very bad way from the iatresion promotion of the podium &striae by ..et societies of France. What is that desesias Itaglishmen, who can think and say wbat they say experiments they desire, it seems thing so meek dreaded should be so the Continental niers think proper te themselves all that we asa do in to form ear such evident* as eon be elnalnies l ewe ruses. In this view it egpmpr o ! • liceislima sone wens sadeeslaol • mate et sotestf, best described by nap, the duple piss w libeeld alio .Mbay; tin poser, Amid keep Wks Cu. THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENIIO), KXPREBS FROM PARIS. II PARIS, MI OAT Err t u m . The Pays returns to the abject of the t e g smen t e of death by dank against the are indixtd e m e cased of attemptim the Emperor's life ; area ler that foreign journal' obstinately persist bt. misrepresenting the merreese in seek a way as t:4 lead th e t geemet to entertain deeds of the rev:rarity of th e e g et t e h, tration of judos in Prem. But the explanatioa of the Pays is still more unfortunate than that of the Callii" 001111 ; INF hlettid of proving what the latter journal vegisly Insinuated, that a delay of two as three years wv neerseary before a judgment by default could be presouseed, it show', by rekr saes to the erode. that the law only requires a delay of jest 3$ deg►, between the warrant of arrest sad final jedgment. The mead i■ required to our. reader himself *AM ten days after notification of the seemlier at the place of his domicile, Sit the sad of a further period of tea days he is out • and in ten days are judgment is given by • Within eight days afterwards an extract frimUde judgment meet be fainted in a joarnal of the department in which the moused is domiciled, and it miaM also be plasarded at the door of the home of hi in pleas of residence, at the mammal home c/i the mereadimement whore the crime was committed, emil at the pdeeire of the tsetse court. All these forma& tin, lb. Pays eseeverates, were observed is the me is trades. That may be so, but these feneatides mew Isla them two mat* and net the long time • preleaded by the sots of the Oreatimtionnel. How then ma the public have been minted to know or even to *lnjectors that Navasota of death pre mooed ea Month 16, 1868, had relation to the Hippodrome sad Opera Candelas piet,which was die. amend is 1863 P The two expirations yet require to be emplaned. Oa Saturday the Emperor sad Empress took a drive in an open midair, to visit the citadel of Bayonne. The ?inane' /disinter has appointed a commisidon to prepare a mown to be laid before the Corps Le. eels& next session, for a new assessment of the land tax. In the course of years, owing to changes in the value of property, it has natarelly come to pass that many estates an very heavily burdened, while the charges on ethers are light in comparison . It is given oat that the offset of the new mason will be to relieve a groat many proprietors t but wider ing how much the governmeet wants mossy, it will be extraordinary indeed if the alleviation be not more than made up by Lammed taxation upon those properties which may be thought able to bear it. The Mosiesier de (deletes says that a medal is now being struck at the Constantinople mint, which the Sultan intends to confer upon all the officers of the allied armies who took part in the Siege of Sebastc poL The fsee of the medal contains the four flags of the allied powers, with a Gannon and a map of the Crimea half unrolled, resting upon a fallen Russian eagle. Underneath is the word Sebastopol," in- scribed in Roman eharaeters. The reveres bears the name el the Sultan sad the word “ Sebastopol," in Turkish @Wasters. The medal, which is destined both far the land and sea forces, will be in gold for pawls sad admirals, and in silver for other alters of all ranks. Tb. Bourse has been easisiderably better today. The eattlessat went off favourably. Ths rate of "reports" was low, is mmasqueure of the number of sellers who had to Wince advocate. The Berate Nee l 300. for ash, and 48a for areonat, closing at 10fr. 600. and 701 r. 80a—the highest prises of the day. Credit MAW.: was i• great demand, and roes 20fr. In railways Use upward rawrweast was mach Is.. de cided. The principal lines did not rise more than from 2fr. 800. to Mr., and thin rise is attributed to purchases for the realisation of profits on the part of speculators for the fall who could not obtain the rata they asked far carrying over meow& The Vietar Emmanuel railway was in more demand than any other, and rose Ott. The entire railway from Bordeaux to Tottings was opened for trail. on Saturday. The company had intended to inaugurate the line with NOW pomp, but in consequence of the disasters owed in the valley of the Garonne by the inundations. it wr deemed more desirable to employ the snot the owe moray would have cost in the relief of the sufferers 10,000 fr. have been presented to the city of Too , loess, 3.000 fr. to the town of Montauban, 1,600 f r. t o Ton i of Maims, I,ooofr. to that of Ciotti Somas, and 4,600 fr. to the different communes through whisk the railway passes. The Pruee says that M. Montanelli, whose ey ries' at Aix-lee•Baina with a political admit was lately announced by the Time, has not left Paris. The Petite of Lille rays the. is serious talk hi the religious world of the probability of the COSTO. cation of a connell at Perin, The Bair Masson legman UM By, the future ohisf of the 'taconites of the Lebanon, has arrived in Park, astioinpanied by„K. Dominique Hades, his tutor. The young prince, who is fourteen years of age, has been at once placid in a catholic school by the Archbishop of Paris. The prim almost fee the first fortnight of the pre sent month is fixed m follows:—Oz beef, let eitegary, If,. 78e, the kilogramme (lc. lower) ; 2d, Ire. 38e. (le. lower); 3d, 98.. (10. lower); 4th, 87e. (le. lower).--Cow and ball beet, let category, lfr. 47c. (Sc. higher) ; 2d, lfr. 4e. (Sc. higher); 3d, 84e. (Sc. higher) ; 4th, 43.. (80. higher).—Veal, let category. lfr. 800. (2e. higher); 2d, lfr. 40.. (2e. higher); 3d, lfr. lea, (2c. higher).—Matton, let category, lfr. 78e. (9c. higher); 24, lfr. 32e. (9.. higher); 3d, lfr. Sc. (90. higher). Theprlee of bread for the same period remains fixed at 600 the 21b. loaf, first gelidity. Strangers who obtain the necessary authorisation ars now permitted to visit the Mats apartments of the Palace of the Tuileries. MM.. Agatha de la Freest d'Armaille, Countess de Legge, has jest died sear Vitt6 (Dom Sevres), at the age of nearly 100. Several priests of the diocese of Realms owed their lives to b.r protection dariag the Reign of Terror. SPAIN. The Madrid Gdastit of the 28th alt. publishes a despatch from the Moister of War to the Captain- Chneral of New Castile, unmeant that the Cheep has decided that the gad and 3rd regiments of ia feetry, the gad, sth, 14th, sad 15th battalions of riflemen, the regional of seginsere, and the brigade of horse artillery shall, in compliant* with the de mead of their comatendisg officers, bear " for am" en their flagstaffs the colour knots of the mi litary eider of Baa Pomade, so a reward for their sunless is the "glorious day." of the 14th, 15th, sad 18th July io Madrid—that is, is the lest boarrsetion. The Gareth also sesta= decrees umlaute, General Marched to the Captaisey-Oeserel of Arnica, Gemara Garde to that of Navarre, Gems' YarUMi, osemeader at Gibraltar, to that of Bargee, and Gourd Enrique to the military governorship of the town and province of Cadiz. Aoother demo moots that, se the ate' coastaxese which neeseritstol the coatmand of Or anal Delos at Eagan Iwo comsd,b• stall Beta this he true, se aims could be these applied, an sash a state of affairs is the rankest istlividnalime —the most steels% agethes. Mammal theft is pee. 0601 7 that taltatlte Rest absolutely apposed to say social Wad= whatever. That Stifle Sat the r IOWA( of th. royal alarmists of the Continent is dim flan their charge of meepirsey and enzefal orgersteatisa. Secondly, thomforeme mast suppose that &death probably MN= an organisation for levelling society. Under this view it supposes stem hind of &modem, under which evrrything that mei can posses sad enjoy is forcibly Mothballed in equal measure over the whole of society. Tow it seems to be far mere easy to suetsla all the dor.potieme that exist them to establish a new one of this kind; and, moreover, no reticles! perms will ever believe that a sefiloisat multitude in say notice will be hand to desire say ebbs' so aboard and disegreeable and calamitous as a tyranny of this sort. It meld not obtain a trial in any existing nation; and it could not last a week. If any sane men in the civilised world really appre hend that such an experiment will be tried on a national scale in the 19th century, we ma ooly say that their timidity is worthy of Chinamen, and their modality of Taroomens. It la incredible that Europe east have mated nab, even amidst the Idwarfing malaria of Rome end cm the banks of the Neva. Mistily, by Socialism might be meant those espeti mute in the onion of capital end division of employ meets which have been extensively tried la the Old World and the New, bat that it is difficult to under stand the alarm and perturbation excited by men's attempts to make their fortunes and edacete their children la their own way. All each experiments as have involved say espial tyranny, any eoononde folly, have faded, both in Europe and America. leaving the world es snob the wiser by the warming they have afforded. The Itappitee. the Owenitee, the Shakers, and the Jumpers have imperilled no govern- 1 meat, and have never augmented their °migmatite' by conversions from ether steerage. As far the Moraine, they are caged oat from their own smoky to inhabit e far distant me; and if the Pori and the Emperors have Mormons mos' their walgeets they ere very sure to be vapidly rid of them. The Mormons have ne secret societies, nor wish tensed die with governments which they despise as heartily as they do all bat their own. Fourthly, Wane bonny priueiple and methods of eo.operation by which men say ultimately improve their condition, morally and physically, such is provement can be attained only gradually, virtuously, peaceably sad safely. Nothing can iris*, in the way of mad amelioradoo, that is sot of natural and salutary growth; and its machinery is not eon , spiraey ; its alma are not pelf; its ambition is not political; and its amen or failure depends on something else than the permimion or hostility of Pops and Emperors. It is, is short, some ' thieg wholly unlike what the continental despots mean by flosialime. If what they apprelteed falls within none of these four categories, what is it P If, ea one would suppo:e from their description of it, it MUNI privy conspiracy and rebellion, involving anarchy, theft, and the dissolution of society, why give it so inapplicable a name as Swish= P And what sane man believes that the nations of the / 19th century would go to work to re-establish bar barism P The whole thing requires explanation-2Q the sooner the better. The Central American difficulty is accidently stated to hare received a satidectory solution I. a convention and treaty said to hare been 'occluded between Honduras and Groat Britain. The leading features of the migrant are understood to be a guarantee of the neutrality of the territory to be tra versed by the projected later-oosanic Railway, and the freedom of its terminal poets against our condos of Beaten and the other two small islands, in moos , shies of the equitable claim of the main state upon those dependencies. If the information be correct, the large question which so recently looked ugly and serious etcogh, has thus been simply and quietly disposed of without the ostensible intervention of Amities. gOt Court. BALMORAL, Ave. 31. The Quest and the Prizes Ooosort left Holyrood Palen yesterday monied at a quarter be/an sin o'clock. Tiny wen soonsp.sied by the Prison Royal, Printer All«, Unless Rehm, sod Prbasses Louise, widths Prins Alfred. Thus wen is attendance the Manbionue of Ely. the Hos. Huy &moor, the Bat at Claseadas, Mojor•Ossoral the Has. C. Grey, Coissel the Ho. C. Phipps, Sir 3. Clads, set Lisstisaat CewelL TM royal patty procooded to Bt. Margaret's static., mortal by a party of tba Ikb Drapes Oaards. Major. Gomel Vinson Melville rode by the Qesea's esulege. Mr. 15Mtif Gerdes wee mho le 'Madame. Her Majesty, the Palate, sad the net of the Royal Family lad suite haven eatut 4 the railway carrbias the tnia prooseded to Baschawy, where lacewing was ; wielded. From &seam the jemmy mu performed la the royal surly/se, which were wane., at Bewthery. Bee Majesty arrived at Balaton' Castle at a gamier before wawa o'clock. Her 1111sjesty and tb. Prime, with tb. Princess Royal sad Prise. Alfred. paid a alit es rade to th. Dockets of Kent at Abergeldie Cattle. Majo;•thavrel Viscount Melville, Mr. Sheriff Gordon, Liest..C.ekeel McMahon, commending 6th DIVOIS Guards end Lint.-Ooleeel Kelly, memading 34th Regime; ha the hones of dining with Ima Majesty ea Fraley. De►pet.Yee IMO received is the Csfoetal-oft, yesterday, from the Goverson of du West lodic lamb. THE TERRIBLE STORM AT NEW ORLEANS. We published In the Zspres yesterday an meant of a mast dismisses storm at sad is the inlet- Mamboed of Nur Odom& The felis fig seessais have slam some es head v Now Odom, Asses 15. —Somalis how Last Island wily the sad sassy of yesterday. ►lt has Mee essievely asseetshied that 188 poems bays Mee last. The ems, mhos, sad nee mope hem team imairalably Wand. Teo sesemers Naablas sad Perseverams WO several days WV, ma, sad it la isersd sesethime hat hammed to theme. Stesonthip Texas hes pee le march of them. The storm netsded (Sr up the river. At the iymsteasat bospital. Dam Asap, 14 Maas of eater rill Immo. Beads, swabs mil Tam* males. TM survivors at Lest Ides/ matted this ally this mess's. Thy sethnste the lea of life se IN; 188 base aimed, hers emated as has; may sf WM samisen are ham. All hem Lott MIN see bet, womanise and bade& The deed bells at the Wei were plumeteset est et photos tete habobit it. 2b Tiessmastse (l_lus est arrived. but weft kee pt Ma beard from the N eed... Tim Leakiest arrived at Needle% Oalvestut on It w ch. pihieg op on swap the folio deer of tbe itia isszl i t te t supposed. wee Mei derine die kW dem diddle bee bus heard hem Osamu rid. hs/ dimrMlMOj bees • host less OW It is spend that 30 WM have Moe Ahead ea ewe owl of the MM. It is supposed Mee et best 10,000 doh. la hoary b poskete fall late the Mob of the pirates se Led Weed Ml about 6,000 dots. meta of bog gone. The lees es die Weed is nitrated at inn 1110.000 dims TO. beaks rf the river at Ikayou Sao saved la, swaryles away 000 madman. No Wes wee hot. Bess rel mesh we slim sa Mee at the me* et tho Nis ship* The Weiss" lbws have edged merely. The less se alike 'Med sanest fed shod of 110,1110 dein Assist It —lt is sew Waved abet the umber of lives has by the Ineetel seem es Ounday awl Maim litst sin mesh issbeilln g me. wswen. mad ea. but the ism& At AM bind us deed Wks have boss dr sight et soda le MOIL The total loss of prepery by tide Maw aleshel he misathy is em pties( at MANN Ms.. obis posse plate it et a WU Mem Mw boss all ressuld. Had the Gem evertaltea these I. Nee bevielM e the Mire amber, me NO, west have " A Brumes Wm w.—Hzuntosoao.—The SA 164 Captais Boum, boa Limpet •• St. PoiNM's, lai bees wreaked MY this plats; sew saved. 2, 1856. riMIS his dudes es direstmieseral at cavalry. Other dooms anew deserations ea or maks prom. , time of palish sad Naomi,. Tha Epee, a tomb feel organ, says s—s Some *Awls think it mire ordinary that the decree for ilia desolation at the Coostituest Cartes has not yet been published. We believe that there is no %mire for feeling surprise. Whatever may be the political oinstitutica which , may be adopted is Spain, it will be established naturally, like thora el 1837 and 1846—that is to my, that the parliament being dissolved, new Coates will be oowtokr:i within three meths ; and it is poo aiblet slut ma probable, that the 'wormiest of her Nielest7, daubing that the elections for them shall be made sites these of the saankipalities sad provincial deratatieue, hie eslodated that the latter emus* place before the mouth of November. However, Ire believe that the sOlitial of slaloms must by this the* bate delleidvely solved the great political sad fundamental questions which an pending, and that It is not doubtful that it manta, in order to cony them into exmatics, on the contuse* and approbe. tics of the crown." TIN marriage el Prim Adalbset and the Infanta Amelia, cousin elf the Queen of Spain. was Mewed by a splendid burnt, to whisk mon than ass han• died distinguished personages wars invited, The ministers, the emenbere of the corps dipioiastivie, and the authorities el Madrid, IMO present. The Queen has expressed her satisfaction at the homages which have been addressed to her cousin from ail aides. The newly-marlin couple, before proceeding to Germsny, are to visit Toledo and other cities of Spin Ike Queen ham placed a itinerans retinue at their dis poni), who will accompany them as far u Bavaria. (moil • The mactionary journals urge the Cabinet to administer the government without convening the Corte, and to have the provincial deputies and the communal cumin nominated by the Captain, • CienereL; The moderate and advanced Progressist journals, on the contrary, demand that there should be general onetime. Although the different parties are accustomed to est forth the principles which they respectively profess, in order to justify their political position, you are aware that an opinion is moat stoutly advocated, when it is thought likely to promote the particular interest of the party ; and in this point of view, the relative attitudes, with regard to this question, assumed by the several journals, will suffice to show what they have to hope or to fear from the elections. The information obtained by the Central Committee (moderate Progressist and pare Prognosis% is each as to guarantee their triumph in all quarters, whatever may be the elec toral law preferred by the Cabinet, whether the law of 1837 at that of 1847. The Moderadoe, who are pretty well-informed also on their part, will not hear any elections even talked about ; and if snob be the state of the public mind in Spain, it is not by any exciting appeals of the press that it has ken produced; to the system of suppression maintaised at Madrid has been followed universally throughout Spain. I might instance anis, where the civil governor has written to a journalist that he must abstain from criticising the act. of the authorities, and that he must not publish his journal till after he had received an satherleation, when the paper is at peels, for each pardoner nun bar, proof copies of which were to be sent to the go • menu two hours previously. An article was lately contributed by Bizto Camara. from Careens, to the .desociecion, which has been eionsequently seized. The writer, whom I have named, announces that he is about to return to Madrid, to take the editorship of the Soberosiies, a democratic journal, which would seem to initiate that the present rifle«, la ezpected to come before nag ; for, otherwise, the articles written by Bizto Camara would be seised every day. The mania of governing by ordonnauce, and in an arbitrary fashion, has demanded from the cabinet to every little official authority. For example, the Board of Health at *dap, not satisfied with putting a quarantine upon all the vessels that come from Ca:, has just, of its own authority, declared Buenos Ayres to be inhaled. aid has placed the communi cation with La Philo maw ea interdict. What disorder prevails in this missed government of Spain ! The manufactures of %resins& not revive ; contraband gods are Weed at Saragossa and atysleocia; redou bled severity is need against them at Malaga; theleee, the market is glutted with them, and isdastry is brought to a stand. To give employment then to the unoccupied hands, the esualisation of the Ebro is now promoted, and it has been announced everywhere that all the workmen who offer themselves at Tortoise will immediately be employed. Whilst manufactures in Catalonia languish, the province of Ouiposoca I. about to have one established upon a scale of magni tude as yet unparalleled in Spain. It is mid that this enterprise has been chiefly originated by French °spite!. It is a steam factory for cotton spinning, weaving, and printing, which is to be founded in the isle of Urbiterte. Here too, as in the Valencia factory, an agent is employed who has been sent to learn the trade at Manchester. The fall in the pries of corn at Seville was to the ee:toilet of five reale, between the let and the 21st of August, and an equal fail was expected between the letter date and the end of the month. Rumours, of a diameter straup enough, an our. rent at Madrid, about a standalone affair in whirl the friends of Nurses sod the Moderadoe an said to be comprised. I say nothing about it, but the Belgian newspapers will doubles@ inform you of it. ITALY. THE DUCHIES. The Messagere of Modest radiate a sentence pronounced by the military comminioa of Mena on eleven persons charged with belonging to a secret socisty. They are all acquitted on that count, bat two of there, one of whom is the curate of Mirteto, are to be delivered up to the ordinary tribunals for having been found in pommies of arms and am monition. ROMAN STATES. A Uttar from Bologna, of the 23rd ult., says : "The central government has withdrawn a large quantity of copper money from circulation, and • hw days ago the whole we, sent off to Rome under escort. For better security, the waggons always pat up at the barracks of the town fixed upon for their resting-plus on the way. Bet, notwithatud log all theca precautions, it was found at Rome that a forge sum had been abstracted; by whom, or bow, has not yet been discovered, and it is not likely it aver will be, considering the pollee we have.• The Bsiorgintesto has the following from Rome —" Oar Secretary of State has addressed a privet* circular to all the delegates of the provinoes, calling upon them to exercise the greatest vigils.a over the nuns that oome from abroad, and especially the Dames do Bea& Corer, beee•es seas of them, coder pretence of affording civil and religious instruction, spread seditious doctrine, among the yarn( ladies unmated to their me. The delegates are farther 'D etracted to inquire after the Countess C., of Bologna, $ lady belonging to that religious body, and, I. gee of her being disarmed, to arrest her.• A correspondeat of Pods Gault*, writing heck Rene on the 21st, op he hie learnt, by rive WW I ham WWI% that riceca bad ocurrod at that eity and in its neighbourhood, the popslua being en. /gad at the &arum of food, which they attributed to forestallers the Italian tricolour flag woe hoisted by some of the raters, and the Austrian troops shot fourteen of them. This news is not confirmed ; but the (Anal journal of Rome has been expressly M- I stractsd not to mutton any such occurrences. NAPLES. A letter from Naples in the Cbrrwra Mercantile of Genoa states that a Maratist proclamation is being spread all over the country with great secrecy and activity. THE TWO SICILIES. (MOM Otri OWN conunetonveme.) NAPLZB, Avocet 21. It Is often objected to the Neapolitans that they lave no plat of reforms to piopoes. The objection proceeds from a total ignorance of their position and their wants. The reforms have already been granted for nearly half a century ; what they now want I. to have those reforms honestly carried oat,oatha observed, public morality established. How these two latter points have been attended to the following sketch will explain:— That the constitution of 1848 is still in legal exist ence no one who is acquainted with the state of the facts Gan for an instant deny. His Majesty had not the rightful power to abrogate it, nor has he ever affected to do leo openly. Still the constitution is a dead letter, all mention of which is omitted in every public act, and thus has been smothered in the dark that which there was wanting courage to strike down in broad day. This becomes clear enough from a comparison of the two forms of oaths administered to government employee in 1848 and in 1850 severally, and the kind permission of a friend who hall plead authenticated copies is my hands enables me to pub lish them in full. I shall first give the constitutional oath as it was signed by an employe on the 21st of February, 1848. I, —, pensionist of the state, promise sad swear before God Adslity sad obedience to Ferdinand 11., Meg of the kingdom of the Two Sicilia, sad wet °lndium to his orders. I promise and swear to diechup with the greatee seal and with the greatest probity and honour the functions weeded to me. I promise end swear to observe and cause to be observed the constitution spontaneously proclaimed and irrevocably sanctioned by the King our Lord for the kingdom of the Two Bicilies, by hie art of the 10th of February, 1848. I promise sad swear to ob serve and muse to be observed the laws, the decrees, and the tegalations actoally in vigour, and such as shall be sanctioned and published is the future, in the tarsus of the mate constitution. I promise and swear not willingly to belong now or ever to ally secret amociation whatever. So help me God. Such was the state of things In February, 1848—a variety of painful and distressing events passed in the interval between this time and lb h Mey, wind ing up with a partial insurrection, which war tri umphantly pat down by the royal troops. The constitution, however, was not abolished ; on the contrary, on the very atxt day, in the very flash of victory, his Majesty re confirmed what he had spontaneously proclaimed and irrevocably nano timed. Time wore on, still, amidst violence of the' most revolting character, no public act abolished the statute. Bat in 1850 a new oath, with an extrnordi net y omission, was administered to an public emplo3 is. It runs as follows: I, —, nentMated, Ike., by royal reserlpt or deems, of &e., peados and setae fidelity and obedience to King Fer dinand 11., and to prompt and exact execution of his mitre; I promise and swear that in the enemies of the ionctioss whisk have been confided to c e I will occupy myself with the greatest sea, prabity, and honour. I pro mise and swear to obtain and muse to be °Merest the mere, dames, and regulations which by the sovereign die position of his Majesty are actually observed, sod such as it shall please his Mejesty to publish st any home Mao. I promise and own/ not to belong to say start accoty nada whatever title, fcr whatever Op ct, end of whatever denomination, and that 1 neva will bet Log to say. 130 help me God. At the mime time a a ministeriale,7 signed by F. Troja, was sent round to all such as It concerned, couched in the following terms : The Majesty of the Kiai our Lord bu deigned to deter mine that all thaw who 'ban be nominated or promoted to any oarepation or entplcyment whatever shell tate their oath according to the formula of the printed copy which I here imam. In the royal same I send you the resolution, is order that you stay on you , put see to the gustation of it. Naples, Jane 12, 1850. F. Tula. The oath here imposed on the public emplojes is the one now actually taken, and, as the constitution has never been abolished, we have this great inconve nience, that the government of Naples is absolute and constitutional at one and the same time, and that by a little divergency from rectitude and honour (not altogether unknown in Naples) obligations in curred to the one may be repudiated by alleging superior obligations to the other. I say that such a CAM may happen. It is not so much the fault of those who worship as those who set up Janus, if in the morning they prostrate themselves before his eastern face, and in the afternoon before his western face. They have no fixed rule—the sun must guide them; but I see something more than an inconvenience in this unsettled state of things. Sup pose, for instance, that a large loan were contracted for by this government, and that the constitution, which now only slumbers,were revived. The friends and supporters of this constitution would feel some reluctruce to refund sums of money which bad been expended in constructing prisons, in paying keepers, bribing supporters of things as they are, atd keeping up a large body of foreign mercenaries. I will put another case, hypothetical of course, and having not the slightest connexion with this country, of a sovereign awakening to a consciousness of political obligations violated, and resolv ing to restore them to fall favour. During the interval of hie moral oblivion he has incurred sandry financial obligations; but what right had he, a constitutional sovereign, to do so?—he cannot, in justice to his people, satisfy them. It is a painful case, but the capitalists lent the money with their eyes open, and they must take the risk. The case is purely hypothetical, but one which is possible ; and, being so, occurrences, as matters stand, might take plus which would injure the credit of the country greatly. Continuing my usual reeved of the ecclesiastical affairs of Naples, I have now to report that our city has been bluing away with fireworks and illumi nations for the last seven days in honour of Sante. Rocco and his dog. No sooner had the glorious San Gaetano withdrawn to his house than the last-named saint made his appearance, sad festooned with flowers, and hong with lamps, and covered with tapestry, our streets present all the appearance of the beauty of holiness. Happy Naples, holy Naples ! who shall say that thou art not favoured of God sod the saints ! An army of pi ma priests weary H with daily intercessions for thy good. Saints and martyrs have their dwelling place in tby streets. Spend freely thy money on oil, lights, and fire. works. Abjure all progress as rash, and cry " Viva la Madonna lmmaoolata, e Ferdinand° Secondo." The commune of Sassari, in the Wand of Sardinia, has been visited by a greet calamity. While the ishahitests of the tows were soloyieg the areal festivities of the As sumption, a terrible fire was suddenly miss issuing from the woods of the environs, and, impelled by the clod, it swept over olive plestations, vineyards, and pasture grounds, de stroying property to as immense anseast. &vent cottages were blunt down, and m sy horses and ou• lost. This disaster is attributed to inceadiarism, the flames having broke cat is several places at the same time This slew of the case ie corroborated by the fact that on the 17th ult.—that 4, two days after—three fires brake oat is the airframe of Alghero, on. of which threstenet the powder-mill situated near the tows. This danger was hap pily averted by the coolness of the magistrates, and the csinge sad activity of the troops end the police. Toe , other fires were speedily estiegaished, sot, however, before prooerty to the essoyst of 20,000 tr. wan destroyed. The reported death of the celebrated German basso Standigl is contradicted by the Musical &suite of Berlin; bat is doing so, it adds that his health is still in a very alarming state. We learn by a letter from Constantinople of the 2tet, that Mr. high.., the British *ousel, at Steerouni, sow es a missies it Tarensa, has bed • violent attack of fiver, sad his health is sub as to muss uneasiness. Admiral Lord Lyme has sent a steamier to Tattoo, to bring Mr. Hostess to Ceastamtesigo. SEPTEMBER PORTUGAL. (MN 011 OWN 00111SPONDINT.) LISBON, Almon 26. The King and Royal Family have left Cintra, and an now staying at Neoessidades. The cholera has now considerably diminished in Lisbon, and hopes are entertained that in a short time it will altogether disappear. The deaths are now only about 16 a day. The accounts from the Azores state 'that the bar. vest is short, in consequence of the dry weather which prevailed at the commencement of the season, en evil, however, which was much ameliorated by the rains which set in later. The government has prohibited the exportation of provisions front Terceira, and has established quarantine as a precau tionary measure against the invasion of cholera. The journals are barren of political news ; how ever, there appears no doubt that the late bread riot cry had altogether a political origin, and the fact that the soldiers of the artillery were most tampered with is a significant feat, when we consider that the prominent members of the party last in power held easnatissions in that regiment. POLAND. The Corriere liaison° of Vienna contains the fol lowing extract of a letter from Warsaw :—" Before leaving Warsaw for Moscow, Prince Gortchakoff expressed to the Polish nobility his gratitude for th e readiness they had displayed in departing for the coronation fetes; and he gave them assurance that such a manifestation cannot fail to be followed with the best results for Poland. The prince takes with him to Moscow several projects relating to a reform of the various branches of the administrative and of public economy." A letter from Warsaw states that an old Polish emigrant, Count &spieler, Ostrowski, belonging to ' one o( the first families in the kingdom of Poland. and who during his residenca at Paris, up to the re volution of February, filled the post of chef-de-bureau at the Ministry of Public Works, has been reinstated in his rights of nobility and in hie property by the Emperor of Russia. THE UNITED STATES. The political intelligence from the United States leidah reached Ragland by the mail delivered yester rily is of the highest interest. The Senate and Here of Representatives at Washington were openly et issue during the last few hours of the session on a point arising out of the slavery question, and the members have dispersed leaving some of the most important supplies unvoted. The Howe of Representatives refused to peas the Annual Appropriation Bill for the support of the army, unless the senate would consent to engraft upon it a proviso that no part of the money should be aF plied to the enforcement of the laws enacted by the legislature of Rums. This resolution caused the loss of the entire bill, and Congress closed its erosion without making any provision for the support of the army. We have to-day no army ;says the New York Journal of Commerce); or, which is the same thing, no means of supporting it. With an overflowing treasury, we have not the means of paying a cor poral's guard, unless, perchance, there remains unex nded a remnant of the appropriation of last year. The Washington Union declares that " the revolution has begun." The Intelligencer says:—" Such as event is with out precedent in our linnet." The limitation on which the house insisted was thus worded : Provided, however, sad it is hereby declared that nO part of the military fore* of the United States for the sup port of which oppropriations ere made by this act shall he employed is Mu of the enforcement of any enactment of the boat' claiming to be the territc Mal leghlature of Karma, until loch enactments shall have been affirmed and ap proved by Congress; but this provise shell not be so oot strned as to prevent the President from em t plo a ying sa adequate military fora; but it 1111•11 ao his oar • .•• such fore. to prevent thy /militia Of said orntory oy armed bands of non-residente, or soy other body of non residests, acting or claiming to act aa a posse mutates of any officer is said territory in the eeforcement of any nob enactment, sad to protect the persons and property therein, and upon tbe national highways leading to said territory, from all unlawful searches and wiser..; and it shall be Ide further duty to tette efficient measures to compel the ,stunof and withhold all arms of the United States distri buted in or to said territory in pursuance of soy law of the Vetted States authorising the distribution of arms to the states and territories. _ The President has power to call an txtra session of Congress,so that its members may adopt such reenediec as the exigencies of the case demand. This power he has promptly exercised, and, by the knowing prods,. mation, Congress has been convoked in an extra sea sloe, to commence on the 21st of Angaet, that is three days afar the close of tie late melon. i IT THII PRESIDENT OP THI UNITED STATES. • PROCLAMATION. Whereas, whilst hostilities exist with various Indian tribes on the remote frontiers of the United States, and whilst In other respects the public puce is seriously threatened, Congress has adj3urned without granting the necessary soppier, f. r the army, depriving the executive of the power to perform his duty in relation to the common defame and security, and so an extraordinary occasion has thu arisen for assembling the two Houses of Congress, I do, therefore, by tots prccl emotion, convene the said houses, W wet at the capital, in the City of Washington, on Mn day, the 21st of August, inst., hereby requiring the levee d,* senators and representatives then and there to assemble 18 ' , snit end determine on such measures es the state of Vas Union may seem to ?equiv. In testimony whereof lens caused the seal of the United States to be hereunto anzsd, and signed the same with my hand. Done at the City of Washington, the 18th day of August, in the you of oar Lord, 1856, and of the independence of the United States the 81st. FRANKLIN Palace.. W. L. MARCY, Ste. of State. By order, KANSAS. - - - A despatch from St. Louis gives an extract tram an extra of the Westport (Mo.) Border Rufan, issued on the 13th inst., which states that 200 Free. Boilers had attacked the town of Franklin, in Kansas and, after four hours' fighting, had retired, carrying off the cannon belonging to the town. The accounts as to the number of lives lest are contradictory. The United States troops occupied the town next day. The same despatch states that 300 of Colonel Latish men have entered Topeka. This news is confirmed ty another despatch from Chicago, although the accounts vary in the details. The Free Sellers ceo stated to have made the impor. taut discovery or the existence of an organised plan on the part of the pro-slavery men to concentrate men, arms, and ammunition at different points of the terri tory, for the purpose of making a sudden and general attack immediately after the adjournment of Congress, and expelling all the Free State sanity.. It is stated that twelve fortified blockhouses have been erected at different pro-slavery points, well supplied with cannon, rifles, and ammunition, and garrisoned principally by Missourians. The attack was made on the tort at Franklin by the Free State men far the purpose of securing the arms deposited there, and they seem to have effected their object. Among the rifles thus obtained possession of were many of the rifles seized at Lawrence last May by the pro.slavery men. Farther disturbances were anticipated. OUTRAGE AT WASHINGTON. The Washington correspondent of the New York Times, writing on the 18th ult., says : A most disgraceful assault was committed to-day by Mr. IC/Mullen, of Virginia, upon Mr. Charger. The partial! were in an omnibus, riding to the capitol. They got OM venlig on politics. Both were vety russet in the discus sion. bl'itulien said in effect that the South would net submit to the election of Fremont. Granger replied, " After November it will be made to submit." 111.1dul len immediately changed the discussion from a political to a nerviest one. He professed to be insulted, and told Granger that grey hairs alone pro- Meted him. Mr. Gras g.a said, "I ask no immunity on that 11103110‘" M'llullen thereupon clenched tins, and struck him two severe blow,, btui.Mg Granger's taco badly. Onager defended himself es well as he could. The parties I'm @operated immediately by Colonel Chester, of the Penman/minis inquirer, who gave substantially the fore go's' account. bringer is so old mew, considerably tinder j the sodium height, very t in his manner, bat frank, goodiutured, sad generally popular.