The Express. — London, England, 1847-10-13 00:00:00

them, w hile we give to the dictator of Buenos Ayres a triumph at our cnptase, ant lowa character and credit io those countries which the English name will not recover while this generation can remember our fatal intervention. I could enlarge on this, and much more, but my chief object in writing is to protest against the action in the Parana with the batteries at Obligado being called, " inglorious." as you term it. So far from that being the case, I do not hesitate to say that Sir Charles Hotham's and Capt. Trehouart's engagement was one of the most brilliant affairs on record. It was a battle wield well-manned batteries, lasting from a little after 9 in the morning till 6 in the evening ; tad the state of Captain Trehouart's own vessel, the San Martin, isautficient to show what kind of enemy they had to deal with, for that brig had 44 men killed and wounded out of • crew of 75. In fact, although prepared fur a di termioed opposition, our own o®- reel were surprised to find the fire so well directed and sustained. Few more gallant things have been done than the landing to destroy the batteries, for it was done with the knowledge that Mamilla's army of 2,000 men, chi. Hy ca 'sky, were in the rear of the forts. It was an action which I, with all who know the people and country, consider most creditable to all parties concerned—French, quite as much tu English ; and I do protest against the political consider. ation of the policy of our intervention being allowed to depreciate the emits, of our 'hips, and the gallantry, col lecfive and individual, displayed by both men and officers there. I was not in the action myself, baring left the 'fiver Plate some time before, so I have no personal interest is the matter ; but I ant a naval officer, and therefore feel bound to apesk.—l am, sir, your obedient servant, P.— Oct. S. [We beg to say, that we styled the action inglorious as a political achievement, placing the Hag of England in hos tility with that of Buenos Ayres, and after an action not attuning thepolitical point contended for, viz., the opening of the Parana. But we never meant to apply the epithit inglorious to our soldiers or our seamen. Far from this ;we fear that too often the hardest service confers the least glory, and that the height of heroism is often rearhed by those who gain no glory at all. Lord llowden's policy we shall have ample opprtunities of discwaing.—En. D. X.] MEXICO. EVACUATION OF TABASCO, The Ankober, Capt. Leneven. which left Carmen,l In the Gulf of Mexico, on the 10th of August, en tered Havre on the 10th inst. She brings direct news from the south coast of Mexico. The Ameri- 1 cans have been obliged to abandon Tabasco, after having lost a great number of men in skirmishes with guerillas, and from disease. Before retreating,' they burnt all the suburbs, which were composed chiefly of houses built with wood, and covered with thatch. At Carmen, money was rare, and could scarcely be obtained by the best houses. On the Sth of August the American corvette Saratoga anchored outside the bar of Carmen, and took the produce of, the tax levied on that province, amounting to 13,500 piastres. ertic court. 11 - t:insoß, Tr Eso.tv.--The Prince of Walos, Prince Alfred, the Princess Royal, and the Princess Alice walked and rode on ponies this forenoon. The Ps incess Ilelena was taken an airing. The Right Hon. Sir Stratford and Lady ('annlng arrived at the Castle from town shortly before six o'clock this evening, on a visit to her Majesty. The Royal dinner party at the Castle this evening included the Duchess of Kent, the Duke of Holstein Gluck". burg, Prince William of Holstein, Count de Reventlow, Viscount and Viscount , as Palmerston, the Lady in Waiting on the Duchess of Kent, the Baroness do Speth, Lord H. Howard, Sir Stratford and Lady Canning, Miss L. Dawson Darner, and the Hon. and Rev. C. ly:slie Courtenay. A cahir,et council was held yesterday afternoon at the Foreign-office. It was attended by all the ministers, with the exception of the Earl of Minto. The council sat an hour and a half. The Marquis of Lansdowne (Lord President) arrived in town at half-past one o'clock yesterday afternoon, for the purpose of attending the council, from his seat, Bowood-park, Wiles. The Right Hon. H. Labouchere (President of the Board of Trade) also arrived in town yes terday, for the purpose of attending the meeting. Lieut.-General Ellice had an interview with Earl Grey yesterday at the Colonial office. The Earl of Auckland gave a dinner to the cabinet ministers yesterday evening, at his residence in the Ad miralty. ACCIDENT TO THE DUCHESS or KENT.—An accident occurred to the Duchees of Kent on Monday evening, as her royal highoeu was proceeding in her car riage from Frogmore House to Windsor Castle to join the royal dinner party. When the carriage had arrived opposite to the Waterloo-gate entrance to the Home-park, the coach man. hearing a horse and vehicle coming towards them, at a furious rate, lost no time in driving es closely as possible to the rails on the near side of the road. Within a few seconds afterwards a collision took place, a runaway horse, attached to a spring cart belonging to Hamilton Parkes, Esq., of Woodside, dragging the vehicle, with immense force, against the carriage of the duchess, throwing her royal highness into the arms of Lady Anna Maria Dawson, to the great alarm of the other occupants of the carriage. Such was the violent nature of the concussion, that the hind axle of the duchess's carriage was completely bent, and some of the spokes of the wheel broken out. The escape of the duchess is described as miraculous, for had the shaft of the cart penetrated the carriage, the result may easily be ima gined. Sir George Cowper, who was on the road somewhat in advance, hearing the noise, immediately. hastened to the spot, and extricated the duchess and the three ladies who were in the carriage with her. The duchess and her attendants then proceeded to the castle in Sir George Cowper's brougham, the carriage bring so disabled as to be totally unfit for present use. The three persons who were in the cart, consisting of the butler of Mr. Hamilton Parkes, with his wife, and the cook, were thrown out into the road. The butler was ren dered insensible for two hours from the effects of a severe wound on the side of his head. His wife, who remains in a dangerous state, had the skin from the whole of the left side of her face entirely torn off. The cook, who was covered with blood when picked up, escaped without much serious injury. I)EATR op SIR THOMAS PIGOTT, BART.—Sir Thos. l'igott, Bart., expired suddenly on the ith inst., at Denton. hall, Suffolk. The deceased, who was son of Sir George Pigott, Bret baronet, by his marriage with Miss Kelly, daughter of the Right Hon. Thos. Kelly, WAS born in 1796, and married in 1931 Mins Brummall, daughter of Mr. Wm. Brummell, of Wyveahoe, Eau:, by whom he leaves a young family. The late baronet was formerly captain in the Royal Horse Guards (Blue). (From last night's Gazette.) OFFICE OF ORDNANCE Orr. Bora] Reg. of Artillery.—Gent. Csdets to ha See. Lieuts.--11. IL Wright, vice Grenville, prom.; A. Y. Rube, vice 8. R. B. Berinney, pr.; lion. L A. Addington, site Bent, pr. ; A.Vandeleur, v. Glanville. pr.; A. S. (or, rice Jervis, prom.; C. B.HIII, vi e Alkinaon,t p ro l l.; P. J. Campbell, vice Dumirem, prom.; F. C. Maud., rice l prom.; A. W. Twigs, vice Heyman, prom.; R. Curtis, rice Dew, prom.; A. hierwright, vice Robertsoo, prom. ; F. S. Seale, rice East, prom. ; I. Moulton, vice Haste, prom. ; J. De Luttrell Saundrrson, rice Tao. well, prom.; M. Aoketell. vice Winterhottorn, prom. ; P. Dickmo, rice Singleton, prom. ; .Luess Clarke, vice Reilly, prom. ; F. Place, rice Saunden, team.: E. J. Bruce, vice Smith, prom. ; W. P. Richards, vice Fitzhugh, prom ; J. E. Hope, rtcc Moodr, prom. ; 11. W. J. Doshwood, vice Hardy, prom.; A. Brendan, rice Bolton, prom.; J. de Havilland, rice Lugg, prom.; S. Carden. rice Fraser, prom.; 0. A. Wilkinson, rice Lambert, prom.; W. W. A. Lukin, vice SoadY. prom.; W. Walker, vice Dyneley, prom. Dorm of Royal Engineer, —Gent. Cadets to be Sec. Lents.—A. R. Clarke, vice Wrotteoler, prom.; E. hainbriage, vice St. John. prom.; J. Murray, rice Gonton, prom. ; G. Ranker., vice Porter, pram. ; F. H. De Veer, rice Wilson, prom. ; 11. R. Polly, vice Dawson, prom.; R. M. Parsons, vice Crofton. prom. ; F. Brine, A. a'Court k isher, 0. M. sondem, E. Bridge, H. M. Lim* M. S. Whitmore. THE REGISTRATIONS. CITY OF LONDON.—TITE CASE OF LODGERS.—The court resumed its sittings yesterday morning, in accordance with the arrangement made previous to the adjournment last week. During the progress of the revision the claims of ledgers have several times come before the court, and been discussed at great length. Shortly before the a,ljourn ment the ease of a person named TOMS was disputed with great warmth ►y the agents, the question at issue being, whether a lodger, who had a key to a common entrance, of which the landlord also had a key, was entitled to rote. Mr. M'Christie reserved his decision. At the meeting of the court yesterday the learned gentleman proceeded to give judgment as followa:—In the case of Moses Toms, of 21, Milton-street, in the parish of St. Odes-without- Cripplegate, the question arose whether the claimant was to be considered an occupier within the meaning of the act, entitled to vote in respect of certain rooms which he occupies. The fact* of his case are these: — He has occupied for a year and three quarters the first floor, consisting of two rooms, of the house in which he Eves, at a rent of ss. fed. a week. His landlord occupies the shop and parlour on the ground floor, but does not sleep there eas the claimant states), nor has he a servant who sleeps in the house. Three other parties occupy apart ments in the house. There is but one outer door to the house, by whick the landlord, in common with all the in• Mates. has ingress and exit. The landlord, the claimant, and the other three inmates have respectively a key of the outer door, and they all lock or unlock that door when and es thee please. The door is never barred or fastened inside at night; there is neither bolt nor chain to it; it stands open during the day. The landlord's shop door is inside tile passage, which peerage the claimant has to pass along to get to the staircase that leads up to his apartments, and which staircase is shut off from the passage by a swing door. There is a back kitchen at the end of the passage, in which there is a cistern for water, and from which all Parties in the house are supplied with water. The outer door is opened in the morning by the party who has occasion first, and locked at night by whoever bee last occasion, either to enter or to leave the house. Now,where a landlord resides, that is to any, occupies, by himself nr his family, a part of his house day and night, letting off other pare of the same house to other parties, there being but one outer door leading into the house, which is used by the landlord in common with all the inmates who occupy, then it is clear that until there shall be an alteration in the present view of the law that landlord is the occupier of that house, and the other parties occupying parts of the same house arc not entitled to he registered in respect of such their rreptcure occu?ations. Mr. Smith and Mr. Brown both admit that to be the law ; bat Mr. Smith eays it has not yet been decided by the Court of Common Pleas, that where • landlord occupies • part of his house, for the purposes of his business, during the day time only, and does not sleep there, ell the other circumstances of disqualification se to others is the same house existing, that that disqualifies the other inmates. He, therefore, contends that 111 this ease Moue Toms is entitled to be registered, and wishes, if I should be of opinion against him, to have a case upon that point to the court of appeal. Now, to be an occupier, entitled to vote, the party claiming must have the exclusive and inde pendent occupation of the house, premises, or apartments, in respect of which bedtime to be registered; and can he have that unless he has the exclusive control over the outer door, through which he must enter to get into his castle ? The law says he cannot. Here the claimant has not the sole control over the outer door; but Mr. Smith argues that he, the landlord, and three other inmates, have each, and that every one of them has, the exclusive possession of and control over the outer door, in that they have each a key of it. I ens under stand how it might be said that a number of persons in • cor porate or co-partnery character or capacity, might each have an exclusive possession of ono particular outer door leading into a given house; but how five different persons, totally distinct from and altogether unconnected with each other, in any transaction or character whatever, except sustaining the relation of tenant and landlord, can each have an exclusive possession of the one outer door, through which all must enter —how rive separate and distinct possessions are Melees one possession, and though one yet five, is what I cannot very easily compreh , nel, ex applied to human affairs. But to show that that is so, and to establish it, Mr. Smith refer, me, amongst others, to the cue of Bryan Kearney, decided in Ireland, and which, to bt sure, ho ealls the Irish case. The decision in that ease cannot govern the present. The facts of the cases are not at all alike; but there are important dicta in the judgment given in Bryan Kearney's case, all conclusive against Mr. Smith's views of the present rase. The learned judge there says, the claimant must show that that which he seeks to be regis tered in respect of " is in his own exclusive occupation ;" and his lordship goes on—. But he must also show that he is not dependent upon the gnodwill or leave of ar.nther for any circumstance necessary to the full, free, and exclusive enjoyment of his house ; or, in other words, he must com mand the entrance to it and the exit from it. To effect this latter object he must have an exclusive right to, and control °vs r, the outer door of his house ; if he have not, his occupa tion cannot be censidered as an exclusive occupation, since it will be in the power of some other person to disturb his pos session without being a trespasser. The question then, in this case, is, has the claimant, upon the evidence, shown an exclusive right to the outer floor ? ' And I ink here, has Moses Tom " shown an exclusive right to the outer door ?" i lie has sh own that his landlord, and three other parties besides himself, have • key of the outer door, which he must enter and go out at, and with which they may all lock and unlock that door every day, or at any hour any night. In the Irish case, the claimant was the occupier of a chop, to which he entered through an outer door that led into a hall, and from which there was a door into his shop. The outer door of that hall was kept open all day. Another party occupied another part of the house, who had also to enter to his apartments through that same outer done, which opened into the hall. and both the claimant Avid that other party hail a key of the ball outer door ; but the landlord hail no key of that outer door, nor of any door belonging to the house, nor does it appear from the csae that the landlord had ever even seen the house; whereas here the landlord occupi a the lower part of the house—he has his goods and furniture there—he is there every day—he has a key—he enters when he pleases— and although the claimant says be does not sleep there, yet there is nothing to prevent him from entering at any hour of the night, or from el eping there if he should think it well to do so. And, therefore, the cases, as I have aid, do not appear to me to be at all analogous. Then Mr. Smith refers me to Mr. Elliott's quotation of Lady Ponson by' s case, who occupied apartments in Hampton Court Palace, and where it was sought to make her ladyship, in virtue of her occupation of those apartmenta, liable to be rated to the relief of the poor ; but neither is that case applicable to the present. Hampton Court was at one time • royal palace, but as my Lord Chief Justice Den man, in giving judgment on that very case. states, it has ceased to be so far the purpose of a raddence of the sovereign. It is true that there the Queen has a housekeeper, to take Care of her picture gal'ery, and of some other apartments ; but there are, I suppose, nearly 200 persons who occupy anartnients there as private individuals, under warrants from the Lord Chamberlain, and who have to provide at their own expense all the household furniture and fix tures which they may require for their occupation of these apartments, some of which have exclusive outward entrances opening upon the public high road and Barge walk, and who are unquestionably liable to be rated to the • relief of the poor. But what has that to do with this case? where the inquiry is, not as to the liability to be rated, but simply has Toms the exclusive command over the outer door of the house in which he lives ? Lord Hale says, "Asto an inmate who Foeth in at the game door as the owner of the house, he is in the nature of a lodger, and if his chamber be broken open, it is • burglary, but the indictment most be laid for breaking the dwelling-house of him that let it, and not of the inmate." And, again, " Where inmates hare separate rooms in a house, if they enter at the same outer door as the owner, the rooms are not the dwelling-house of the inmates, but of the owner." It is true that in the case of " Lee r. °easel]," it is said that, " where a burglary is committed in the apartments of one who lodges in a house, the circumstance of the owner's living in it, or his o.:cupying only a shop or cellar in which he does not sleep, makes • very material difference as to the form of the indictment; for in the latter cane, the lodger has the outer door entirely to him'clf, and the burglary in such a caw must be laid to be in the house of the lodger ; but it is otherwise in the former case, and there it must be laid to be in the house of the owner." But the simple statement of this claimant, without anything more, that the landlord does not sleep in this house, if that were the solo question, would never be held sufficient to support an indictment. Besides, there are the circumstances in this case that the landlord occupies a shop and parlour in the house, that he is continually there in the day time, that he has the key of the outer door, and that he may be there any night and every night if he thinks proper, Who, therefore, cansey that the claimant here has the outer door entirely to him self?" Certainly, lam not to restrict the fraechise, but cannot make the law, and I cannot give the franchise where the law has declared the claimant is not entitled to it. According to my view of the law, the relative position of the claimant end his landlord is. that the landlord remains the occupier of the house, and that the claimant is a lodger, and not within the contemplation of the act. This case has been so clear to me from the first, that I should not have slid so much about it as I have done, had it not been that Mr. Smith has wished to appeal from my judgment. Mr. Brown, however, on behalf of the claimant, has informed me that he will not r. spend to the appeal. If Mr. Smith continues seriously to think that this is a case he ought to take to the Court of Common Pleas, and Mr. Brown will now pledge himself to me that the claimant will respond, I will grant a case ; but I have so little doubt that I am now correctly a lministering the law as it exists, that if the claimant continues to decline to respond, I shall not put the parish to the expense in this case of defending an appeal by ordering the overseers to he the respondents ; and in that event, therefore, you can have no case. Mr. Sidney Smith, the liberal agent, submitted that the case was one which ought to be brought before the Court of Common Pleas, as the rights of many other claimants were involved in the decision pronounced. The Reviaing Barrister said that feeling convinced that he hid taken a correct view of the question, he did not consider himself at liberty to throw upon the parish the expense of an appeal. Ultimately, however, the learned gentleman consented to grant en appeal. In the parish of St. Augustin, Harry Bottomley claimed for the occupation of part of a house in Werwick.square. It ap peared that the claimant was the agent of Blackie, Fuller ton, and Co., the booksellers, who resided in Glasgow, end were the landlords of the premir s, and had a warehouse for goods on the ground floor. There was only one entrance, and of this Bottornley possessed the key. Mr. Smith con tended, as be had done before in similar eases, that this must be regarded as an exclusive occupation. Mr. MtChristie held that the occupation did not constitute a qualifying tenancy • hut, on the application of Mr. Smith, he consented to consolidate it with that of the claimant Tom, for the ad judication of the Court of Common Pleas. MIDDLESEX.—The lists for the parishes of Edge ware, Finehley, Great and Little Stanmore, Harrow, Hen don, Kingsbury, and Pinner, were revised by the barrister yesterday at the Chandos Arms, Edgeware. In the Hendon hat the names of Vice-Chancellor Knight Bruce and his son were struck out, they having sold their property at High wood Hill. In the same list the overseer applied to have the name of William Cleaves struck nut, he having parted with his qualification. By a mistake in printing the list, the overseer's objection had been set against the name of Thomas Graves, who is qualified. Mr. James suggested that as the name of William Cleaves had not been ohjscteci to the barrister had no power to deal with it. Mr. Payne, on the other hand, held that the act gave full power to the barrister to correct any mistake in the list. The barrister having re ferred to the overseer's MS. copy of the list, and found that therein also the objection had been entered against the name of " Thomas " instead of " William " G , de eded that he had not the power to strike out the name of the disqualified party. In the parish of Little Stanmore,W. Watkins claimed to have his name inserted in the list on ac count of his freehold life office of parish clerk, the stipend, 101. a year, being ;paid out of the rates levied on the land of the pariah .—Mr. Dyne said this was a claim that could not be allowed.--The Barrister (to the claimant) : Have you the power of distraining on the land for your stipend ?—The claimant No ; but the rates may be distrained for, and I am paid out of the rates.—The Barrister : That will not do. —Mr. Payne: Are you the sexton as well ?—Claimant : Yes. —Mr. Payne : Then you have a direct interest in the land ? Claimant . Yes.—Mr. Payne . And sometimes a very deep one—(a laugh) ; but your tenants being all dead, you can not distmin upon them. The claim was disallowed. In the case of St. Bartholomew Exchange, Landon, the threatened I fine was net inflicted, an accredited agent having proved to ' the barrister that there were neither claims nor objections; the statement as to claims referred to by the clerk of the vestry, and reported in the Express of Friday last, being applicable to the borough instead of the county list. To-day the lists for the Hempstead polling district will be revised, the court being held at Jack Straw's Castle, at 11 o'clock. NEW POSTAL REGULATIONS WITH BRENIEN.—Last night's Gazette contains a trea.nry warrant ordering that in future all such British newspapers, &c., as pass free through the post-office of this country may be sent to Bremen either by packet or by private ships, post free. All such publica tions passing free of postage at Bremen, may be sent thence to the United Kingdom and its colonies, gratis, by packet boat and by private ships at the rate of one halfpenny each. Newspapers and other publications allowed to pass by the post as newspapers in Bremen, published and posted in 'Bremen, may be sent from thence to the British colonies and THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 13, 1847. foreign &metrics through the United KinElOto, and &IMP. and colonial newspapers, addressed to Bremen, may be Pent from foreign countries and the British colossi.* to Bremen through the United Kingdom the conveyance in eves! ca.e between the United Kingdom and Bremen being direct, as' VIA Cuxhaven or any port or place within the territories of Huron v. by packet boat or private ship) at a rate of one halfpenny each. Periodical works (not of daily publication and not allowed to per as newspapers ), printed, published, and posted within the United Kingdom, addressed to Bremen, and such works printed, published, and posted in Bremen, addressed to the United Kingdom, may be transmitted be. tween the two countries by packet boat or private ship, at the following rates, namely : Kw every publication not exceeding two inmee. in weight, Id. Above two ounce*, and not exceeding three our.cen, 6d. Above three ounces in weight, and not exceeding four ounces, 6d. And for every additional ounce In weight above four 0112016. up to sixteen ounce. (the limit of weight beyond which such publications are not to be sent by the poet, except at the It tter rate, of postage' ' , 2d. more; and every tomer weight than an ounce le to be charged a• a lull ounce. Printed courses of exchange, prices current, commercial lists and such other printed papers mare allowed either in thel; oiled Kingdom or Bremen to pass to the colonies, or to foreign countries through the Unite! Kingdom, by the post either way, by packet boat, or by private ship, at a rate of Id, each. All these publications are to be subject to the following condi tions, or be chargeable with full postage, according to existing regulations:—Each must be printed in the language of the country in which it u published. Each must be sent from the country in which it is published without a cover. or in a band or cover, open at the sides, and there most be no word or communication printed on the paper after its publication, or upon the band or cover thereof, nor any writing, figures, or manual marks upon it, or upon the band or cover of it, except the name and address of the person to whom sent. There must be no paper or thine enclosed in or with any such newspaper, periodical publication, printed course of exchange, printed price cur rent, printed commercial list, or other printed paper. The courses of exchange, prices current, and commercial lists must contain merely the names and prices of the goods, with out mentioning the name or residence of the vendor cr sender.—The warrant to take effect from Ist November next. CAPTAIN GLASSCOCK.—Captain Glasscock, RN., died of apoplexy oa Friday last, at Baltinglaaa, county Wicklow. SAINT PANCRAS.—CIIARGE AG,tINST A NIEDICAL Oreteza.—Yesterday, a meeting of the directors of the poor of St. Pancras, took place in the new vestry-room ad joining the workhouse, King's-road, Camden-town. Mr. Churchwarden Howarth in the chair.—Colonel Harrison called the attention of the beard to some extraordinary pro ceedings on the part of Mr. Todd, one of the medical officers of the parish, with respect to vaccination. Ilia attention had been in the outset directed to the matter, by the extraordi nary discrepancy in the yearly charge of Mr. Todd for vacci nation, so compared with the other medical men appointed vaccinators. Whilst the charge for Mr. Robinson's district only amounted to 41., that of the lute Mr. Curtis to GI., and the others equally low, Mr. Todd's charge during the same period amounted to nearly 1001. it appeared that Mr. Todd went about the pariah finding children to vaccinate out of his district, ar.d whether the parents could afford to pay for vaccination or not. In Doughty-mews, the doctor walked In and vaccinated, under the authority of the parish, three children, one of whom was so ill at the time that hr died on the following Saturday, the day he was vaccinated on being Tuesday. In another instance, although the mo'her of a child wished her own medical man to vaccinate, Mr. Todd did so, but the virus did not take. —The chairman considered this every serious charge. It was of great importance to ascertain whether the parish were charged for cases which the parents were able themselves to pay for. The benefits of gratuitous vaccination under the act were only intended to apply for the poor.—Dr. Birming ham said that no prudent medical men would va-cinate • child unless in good health. Even if there was the least diarrhiet or skin disease it was not proper to perform vacci nation.—Mr. Clarke moved a resolution to the effect, " That for the future each medical man appointed to vaccinate, do ' so in his own distinct o, without interference with the district of any other nly officers."—Mr. Deane seconded the resolution.--Mr. Douglas submitted that it would be un fair to Mr. Todd to pass the resolution without hearing what he had to say, morn particularly as the books showed that the cases were vaccinated at his own house; and, after some 1 further discussion, the motion was euspended mail Mr. Todd had been examined by the board. WALWORTII LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC INSTITU TION, Csieretzerager.—Yesterdeg a bazaar was opened, under the patronage of the Lady Maynrcess, in the lecture hall of this institution, for the title of articles in aid of the building fund of the society. The hall in which the bazaar Is held is the only portion of the building yet erected. It is a *rare, commodious, and well proportioned room, and the venous specimens of needle-work and other miscellaneous fancy articles with which it was furnished by the friends of the institution gave it a very pietureapre appearance. Asall the proceeds of the sale are to he applied to the prosecution of the building, we hope the experiment will be successful. The inhabitants of the locality seem to be animated with the best spirit for its success ; and when they are to be provided with lectures, library, reading-room, and clauses for the small sum of 10e. a year, it is not surprising that they should ex hibit a little more than ordinary exertion to establish, or rather complete, an institution of this kind, the moderate price of admission into which ought to secure for it a numerous body of subscrib rs. REFRESIItIENTS OUT OF TILE worthy banister who objected to the vestry clerk's charging refreshments for the overseers and others on the rates of St. Leonard, Shoreditch, deserves the thanks of the parish, and he has them. It is hard, indeed, that men cannot become entitled to their votes without thus incurring themselves, and ocessioning the infliction upon other!, of such an amount of taxation so now attends the process of registrat.on. Mr. Vestry-clerk declares that such charge for refreshments is not an unusual thing at Shoreditch : we believe him. When the children of the parish schools go once a year to St. Paul's, at the anniversary sermon for charity schools, the gentlemen who walk in procession with them cannot do that without some bill for refreshment being incurred ! When the churchwardens have to attend a visitation of the bishop, or of the archdeacon, some refreshment, again, is found ne cessary ; and, most likely, a cab besides ; and the church wardens' accounts exhibit, besides, a very large standing ex pense for wine (which is not confined to the sacramental wine) used in the church, and this wine is, every Sunday, dealt out in the churchwardens private vestry in the way of refreshment to the officials after the fatigue and weariness incident to an attendance upon divine service. In truth, Mr. Vestry-clerk might well and truly say these charges for refreshment were only what is usual at Shoreditch.—A HATE-PATIIR.—Oct. 17. INQUESTS, YESTERDAY.—I/EAT/IS OF Two CHIL. OLIN TROY IMPURE AlR.—Before Mr. Baker, at the . . Three Mariners, Copland-lane, South Hackney, on view of the bodies respectively of R. Cornish, aged two years, and his brother, J. Cornish, 11 weeks old, whose deaths arose from the poisonous effluvium of a large collection of sewage adjoining the cottage they were living in at Silkmifl row, South Hackney. The locality was visited by the coroner and jury, with Mr. B. Clarke, surgeon of the Hackney union, who found the accumulation of stagnant matter about an sere in extent, a dam being at the lower end, which was erected to allow a fall of water for a flour- mill that occasionally flowed over it from Haekney-brook.—Mr. Clark* rated that the matter was 10 ft. deep, and that it was 12 years since it was cleaned out —The mother of the de ceased children said that about tern months ago she removed from Nursery-lane, Hackney, to Silkinill•row, when her el dest child, who was previou.iy slightly indisposed, became se • riously ill. Mr.B.Clarke attended him, and she went with hi as to the London Hospital. He was seen by Dr. Pereira, who said he could do nothing for her child. Ile died on Friday last. The other child was a fine healthy baby for three weeks, after which he became sickly and weak. He gradually wasted away, and died on Saturday. She had no doubt that the children died in consequence of inhaling the poisonous effluvium from the sewage. The water in the well which is drunk by persona residing there has an offensive taste.—Mr. Clarke, who was of opinion that the deaths of both children were accelerated by the impure air, said that much illness ' prevailed there, and that a short time ago a child died under similar circumstances.—Evans, the summoning officer, said that many deaths have lately occurred there.—The jury re marked that if not removed it would create a pestilence.— MT. Clarke stated that he bad forwarded a communication to the board of guardianc—Verdiet, " That the deceased children died a natural death, accelerated by the noxious and poisonous vapours arising from a stagnant and exposed sewer in the neighbourhood of the residence."—STEAML•HUAT ACCIDINT.—Beforo Mr. Carter, by adjourament, at the Royal Oak, Lower-road, Rotherhithe, relative to the death of J. H. Boff, aged 25, who lost his life by being run down by the Eclipse, Margate steamer, whilst in a pleasure-boat, with four others, off Shadwell, on Saturday, the 25th ult.— William Cross stated that he was standing on a barge on the day in question, and distinctly saw the accident. The Eclipse was coming down full swing with a strong head tide. Witness's attention was directed to the small boat being in danger. The several persons in the latter were much confused, and standing up, as if they expected a colliaion. Witness saw the bow of the steamer clear the skiff, but the starboard paddle-wheel struck it across the centre and capsized her. A boat was lowered from the steamer, by which one man was picked up; the others were pulled on board the steamer by ropea—B the Coroner : If the wheels were stopped when the col lision took place, it must have been but a very short period before. If they bad pulled either ahead or astern the accident would not have taken place.—Examination continued : Witness thought the steamer might have been stopped earlier, because it came right upon the men in the skiff before that was done. —Mr. J. Tarfeate, lockmaster of the Surrey Canal Docks, and Mr. J. Whitehall, ship chandler, were called, and gave evidence of the skill and attention displayed by the captain of the Eclipse steamer to avoid the accident. The jury re turned a verdict of " Accidental death." At the close of the investigation, which lasted many hour's, the coroner informed Captain Newman that the verdict of the jury exonerated him from all blame. INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE OF THE PRIN CIPAL COUNTRIES OF EUROPE AND THEIR DEPENDENCIES. LETTER 11. Holland, or the kingdom of the Netherlands, as the country which has demanded the greatest exertion of intel ligence on the part of its inhabitants to support its indepen dence of say country in Europe, will form the best commence ment of our inquinee. Of late our Dutch neighbours have happily been unusually communicative of statistical returns. Of 7,600,000 acres which the kingdom measures in area, to the exclusion of Limburg and Luxemburg (that are rat►er Ger man than Dutch), we are told that 5,400,000 acres have to be freed from the water which annually inundates them, whether in the shape of rain or floods, by 9,000 windmills, each of which is estimated to clear 600 acres. 'We are In clined to doubt the strict accuracy of this Statement, which has been adopted by an Edinburgh reviewer, since 2,000,000 of ae►es are said to is uncultivated, in the shape of peat bogs and arid sands. The number o(er7L nay exist, and, even if their power be exaggerated, east testify to the predominiuit festers of the country. In fact a large portion lies below the level of the see, sod a still larger below that of the numerous and won derful canals constructed with great in and at vast expense to carry off the water. Nature seemed therefore to prescribe an agricultural system, in terms too dictatorial to be mistaken, and the Dutch have only occasionally allowed themselves to be diverted from the reasonable path. Spring crops alone are practicable in the greater part of their srablelend, and green crops are sure to be the most remunerating and safest. To import grain and export dairy produce is the simple and unerring calculation of the Dutch farmer. Were the drain age confined to pumping sloae,or to pumping with neenury water cuttings, as in cur own Bedford level, this mode of dealing with the land would make agriculture in Holland a highly remunerating occupation. A dairy farm of 20 ben ders or 50 acres, is calculated to yield, from 20 cows, 1,6001ba. of butter and 3,2001 W. of cheese. It will, besides, supply grazing fora couple of hones. • 1,60016, at9d C6O 0 0 3,200 .• 30. 20 calres at 2/ 4O 0 0 el 114 13 4 equal to 27.125. Bd. per acre besides pigs, &c. The yield, of course, varies very much in different situas tions, owing to the differences in soil, abundance, and good condition of farm buildings and other things. It may in many parts be below the above calculation, but it rises to 31. and 41. per acre on farms which yield 21 and 3 cwt. of cheese, and a similar proportion of butter, which is not an uncommon thing on the clay lands of Friesland. The usual Dutch cheese is made of the skimmed milk. But there are finer kind* made (or home conaumption, with all or a portion of the cream left in the milk. The most highly prized in Holland is the " Schape kue" or ewe , milk cheese, which sells at a high price. Butter and cheese are useful to the dairyman, as being the shape in which his produce can be sent to distant markets. The Dutch sell the milk wherever the vicinity of their numerous large towns affords them an opportunity of doing so ; and great use is made of the smooth canal naviga tion, which does not shake the milk to send it to Amsterdam and other cities, from distant parts. Where this can be ac• complished, the return from the land is proportionately greater by the smaller number of labuarers employed than on the butter and cheese farms. A considerable quantity of butter and cheese is exported annually, chiefly from Harlingen, in Friesland, to this coun try. From recently published return*, it would appear that England takes all that is exported, and that even foreign butter is imported into some parts of Holland, whilst this ' exportation goes on at others. In 1844 the quantity of butter imported into England from all parts was 185,511 cwts., or 10,150,000 lbs. Dutch. By the Dutch official reports Hot land exported 10,804,000 lbs., and imported 63,600 lbs. in that year. The grain importation and exportation was in 1841 : Import. Expected. Wheat 2l,l6ol:sits 4,030 lusts of 4,000 lbs. Bye - Barley 13,630 „ 9,1102 Oats Buckwheat. Hour and meal 1,790,100 lbe. 31,800 These short statements suffice to show that the scale In agri culture has turned against white crops, notwithstanding the good use to which the Dutch put • great deal of the corn they raise. Nearly all are spring crops, and are sold to average Wheat 1,272,225 3luids or 100,000 (Im. Rye Barley. this Buckwheat 91,233 „ 30,400 „ Kaye and Linseed 1,439,566 „ 470,950 „ The distilleries at Schiedam are said to consume alone 30,000 lads, or three millions of quarters of grain of all kinds annually. Great Britain alone imported 408,907 pls. of Dutch Geneva in 1845, of which, however, owing to the extravagant duty, but 15,504 gals. entered into consumption. Tobacco is extensively cultivated. We find stated in 1410 0 ,2 33 Utrecht 1168,1408 „ N. Nntbant 101,054 „ B.llollond „ as the yearly crop. Madder is chiefly grown in Zealand ; the quantity exported in 1844 was 4,020,500 lbs. The export of flax was 5,000,000 lbs., whereas of hemp there was 18 million lbs. imported, and but 60,000 lb.. exported And yet in the face of this judicious selection of crops there are not counsellors wanted who would persuade the Dutch farmer to give up his butter, cheese, flax, and madder, crone that command the highest price going in the markets ef the world. There ore voices in the chambers who would give up this vast, growing, and boundless market, presented by providence and harmonising with all our wants, for the narrow artificial mart created by high duties on cora. Since 1836 the Butch have been blessed with a sliding scale ranging from a duty of 15.. per quarter on wheat at a market price of 25a. to 455. market value, when the duty is null. In the famine the duties were atopended, and it remains to he seen whether the chambers now sitting will replace them. While our market price remains above 455. the present duties cannot much hurt the Dutch. But when they fell, as may be expected, below it, they can only be saved by what will be the remedy experienced by English landlords. The de mand for dairy produce of all kinds, so well as for meat, may be expected so much to increase, that Holland, in ad diuon to England and Ireland, will scarcely suffice to meet it. The case which the Dutch landlord had to show in sup port of this supposed protection was much stronger than the landlord's case in England. In Holland, scarcely a font of land is tilled that has not, at the cast of large investments, which are continually being added to, been rescued frogs the water. The cost of the dykes, and of the whole waterstaat, or water polies, falls upon the landlord. It is stated that the large dyke on Walcheren, near Capelle, has east es much as if it had been built of solid copper. Tnen, in the taxation, the land and houses see directly and indirectly immensely taxed. The land, slaughtering, grinding, and registering taxes make up 16,800,000 florins, or Gs. Gd. per acre on all cultivated. Malt, spirits, beer, and salt are enormously taxed. Were the Dutch former. all admirers of Mr. Ricardo's rule for drawing profit from the land, the exchequer would be in a bad way. RAILWAY CALLS. Sir,—The stoppage of calls on railway shares is the great and seemingly the only means by which the gust mass of mercantile men propose to relieve themselves from their present embarrassed state; but would not the remedy partake in a large measure of the nature of the disease? Would it not, perchance . ,be as bad i The results, indeed, I need not take up your time by describing--they are obvious. The question, then, is, is there any mode by which these evils may be avoided and advantages secured ? I humbly think there is a made of raising money, or the representa tive of capital, by whieh railway companies —at least those which are paying dividends, as also those which, when completed, are likely to pay at the rate of common interest of money, after deducting all charges for management and working, will be enabled to carry on their works in progress without trenching on the capital which is required for the usual purposes of trade . How do such railway companies at present stand in the estimation of the public? To answer that question, I have only to refer to the numbers of individuals, amongst whom are to be found many of that most fastidious and scrupulous clam, executors and trurees, who lend their money to them in sums varying from 2001. to 20,0001., and from periods of from three to seven yearn, receiving, as security for payment of interest and principal, a mortgage deben ture (or note) guaranteed by act of parliament, which act compels the directors to provide for the due payment of the interest, and the repayment of the principal on the ter mination 01 the respective periods of tame for which the various sums of money are borrowed. Now, suppose that any of these leaders or mortgagees wished to be put in pos. session of his capital previous to the expiry of the term for which he had lent it. Under ordinary circumstances, and an easy state of the money market, no difficulty would be experienced in obtaining either money or goods ; but under the present state it would be quite impossible. But a ques tion here arises, would it be impossible to obtain money or goods, whatever might be the rate of interest for the time? Supposing that the mortgagee, instead of one debenture, of say 1,0001., held ea many as there are pounds ? To illus trate what I mean, I shall suppose a railway company re quires a sum of money, and the directors, instead of borrow ing it and issuing debentures in large sums of 2001. to 20,0001. were to pay away ia their various transactions notes of one pound each, the receivers and holders of these to have the same guarantee as the mortgagee : I really don't see what objection any one could have to receive such in the way of business. Surely, if so many are found who are willing to trust the railway companies with their thousands, tradesmen may trust them for one or two, or any other sum likely to pass an the way of bunions through their hands. What the country wants is a currency to answer a tempo rary purpose—for domestic use—which for • time will facili tate our internal exchanges, by, to &certain extent, filling up the void in our usual currency caused by its exportation, and which will, above all, prevent railway works at present in prover from being stopped, by permitting railway com panies, or at least such as I have mentioned before, under the same regulations and restrictions as the present acts impose, to become, for a certain length of time, banks of issue, but of issue only, and that only to • certain extent of their calls. They need not be prevented from borrowing at the same time, because when people lend money they do so because they have it to spare, but a call may be made on an individual to take which out of hie business might bring him to • stop. The effects of calls on trade and commerce are immediate land direct, thew, of loans are indirect and more remote. The form of the notes of these issuing companies might run thus --- lelmlon and South Western Railway Co., or it may be, London and North Western Railway 00. No. Enston-square, London 1.47. Three or eve years stow date I purities to pay the bearer the suns done pound to legal money, money of kingdom (bat in sums of not less live pounds), with Interest et the rate of ere per cent. per annum, the some to be paid half-yearly here or at soy of the min. pony's Vomits. For the directors, Ste. Signed by the mower or chairman sad secretary. One pound. One strong objection which may be urged against Inch an issue is that it would force more of the gold currency to be exported, or what is the UMe thing, it would keep prices of all other commodities so high as to tempt foreigners to take gold instead of goods. I am doubtful of that. The principal cause of the present drain of gold is our heavy importations of food, in consequence of the failure of the potato and the deficiency of the grain crops, together with the incrtssed value of ago Cotton importations, rinsed by a rise in price, the effects of wldah drain are dreadfully aggravated by the railway calla; but these would pave been made, and the effects thereof would base bean bad on trade and commerce had-there been no failure and no deficiency. The foreign exchanges will soon right themsellTll, but the calla will con tinue to be made---the absorption of capital. To put • stop to these calla, and to prevent that absorption, I would pro. pose to permit railway companies to become for a certain time, and to a certain amount of their calls, banks of issue--each for themselves; their notes to be of the amount of one pound, payable to bearer at certain distant pe riods of time, to bear interest at five For cent., the interest to be paid half-yearly, but not on sums of less than 51.. the principal to be paid when due in sums of not less than 51. of the legal money of the kingdom, and the holders of these notes to be guaranteed by an act of parliament, placed in the same position so if they were mortgagees.—A Railing, Man chester, IRELAND. Beaux, Ocr. 11. The Bantry guardians, reflecting the spirit of the chief proprietor, are resolved to dm hard, or at least to postpone to the last moment the execution of the law. They meet, and spout, and adjourn, leaving to some future day the accumulated business of many. At the last meeting (on Tuesday) two questions of im portance were discussed, and, as usual, the result was unsatisfactory. I informed you of the arrival from Berehaven of a cargo of misery for the union work house, numbering some 390 unfortunates. They reached at midnight, and while some were provided with food and shelter, through the exertions of the catholic curate, the rest were compelled to pass the night in the bleak streets of Bantry without either. Admission to the workhouse was negatived to all but WO, even though all the applicants should be entitled to relief. There was even no food for the supply of their temporary necessities, and the humanity of the curate was again called into service. The guardians were not taken by surprise with the influx of such a famishing crowd. Three weeks before, on the cessation of the Relief Act, the three Roman catholic pastors of the parishes which supplied the pauperism waitei on the board, and sub mitted two propositions. First, that a certain number of vacancies might be retained for a short period, to enable them to regulate the numbers transmitted, and spare the applicants a long and painful journey ; se condly, that the board would instruct them as to the class entitled to admission, and what general rules they would follow in the selection of candidates, or for application to the relieving officers when ap pointed. Both propositions were disregarded. The Berehaven hooker will have in consequence to re convey the great majority of the paupers to their respective localities. The 3s. rate next came under discussion. The guardians did not relish the idea of a stipendiary board, and fenced with the questior. The difficulty was to avoid the rate and the dismissal. One rational man proposed the striking of the rate; but there was no seconder for so absurd a proposi tion! The conclusion arrived at was not to comply with the injunction of the commissioners, ri tout priz. The reason for refusal was the impossibility of col lecting the rate. To this statement a catholic clergy ' man present strongly demurred. He declared his conviction that the rate could be collected if the guardians would only agree to strike it. The board, however, was obdurate. It now remains for the Poorlaw Commissioners to tighten the screw. _ . The directors of the Midland Great Western, or, more popularly, the Mulliogar Railway, have made an important proposition to the Ballinasloe union, which is likely to be curried into effect, under the in fluence of the Earl of Clancarty. The extension to Galway is the subject of the proposal. In case out door relief is to be given by the guardians, the directors propose purchasing the interest in the land from the head proprietors, by giving debentures on the line and paying the occupiers in cash. Possession of the ground is then to be taken. As to employ ment, if the guardians will employ those who are to get out-door relief in executing earth works, &c., the directors will send engineers and officers to superin tend the execution, and will bind the company to take the line, or so much as may be finished, by measurement, upon such terms as may be agreed upon. If the guardians prefer to pay the directors in money, the latter will employ the labour best suited to the union; and should this be satisfactory to the guardians, they will give security for repayment. These propositions are before the board. At the Repeal Association this day, Mr. Scully, M.P. for Tipperary, alluded to a very novel sort of right—the right of being assassinated: Speaking of the late Mr. Roe, in terms of high praise, the learned member feelingly declared, that " no ,non had a lest right to be murdered Mr. Scully has a very singu lar idea of rights and duties. Mr. O'Carroll, advising counsel to the board of education, and secretary to the board of charitable donations and bequests, is dead. The combined ap pointments were worth about 8004 per annum. Many candidates are already in the field. Among those mentioned are a brother of the deceased gentleman ; Mr. 1). M‘Dermott, assistant crown prosecutor on the Munster circuit; and a Mr. Sweetman, who has written a pamphlet in support of the Bequests Act in the days of its danger. All the candidates are Roman catho lic% The second and surviving secretary is a pro testant. T SHAN'T. HIGHT MEETINO.—A meeting, for the purpose of petitioning for the advocacy of tenant-right, has already been announced for Sunday, the 2ith instant, to be held at Kilmacthomas, in the county of Waterford. This assem blage promiaes to be moat imposing. The requisition con vening it bean the signatures already of over 80 Roman catholic priests. It will be presided over by one of the members for Waterford county; and I am assured, by a communication received to day, that the tenant farmers of Tipperary and Kilkenny are expected to attend from a circuit of many miles on horseback. THE AFFRAY AT A Tea PARTY.—The policeman wounded in the affray with the peasantry, at the tea party in the County Limerick, died on Friday night of concussion of the brain. THE TRAOTC MEATH Or MRS. MACARTNET.—The follow. ing is the most authentic account of the tragedy which re sulted in the death of Mrs. Macartney, of Lissanour castle, county Antrim: "On Tuesday last an apartment of the castle, which had been used as an offl xi by Mr. Macartney, was being cleaned oat. Four casks of gunpowder had been lying for a long time previously in that room. On moving the casks the hoops gave way, and the powder was strewn on the floor. From the appearance of the powder, Mr. Macartney considered it to have lost its strength, and took up a small quantity, and went some distance from the castle, fur the purpose of trying its explosive powers. At that time Mrs. Macartney, one of her children, and a servant, were in the room. The servant and the child followed Mr. Macartney, leaving Mrs. Macartney alone in the apartment. They had not been absent a few minutes until they heard a dreadful explosion ; the powder had ignited, and bad thrown down that portion of the building exposed to its destructive effects, burying Mrs. Macartney in the ruins. When sho was ex tricated, life was found to be extinct. It is impossible to say how the accident originated, but it is supposed that the unfortunate lady had been sweeping about the fire, and that a spark from it had communicated with the powder. The ceilings of the rooms above, and the corresponding part of the roof, were upraised by the explosion, and the fragments scattered to a considerable distance. The walls of the old building have also been shaken, and the glum of almost every window was shattered to pieces by the violence of the concussion. Even the win dows of the stables and offices, which are some perches dis tant from the castle, suffered equally from the effects of the explosion. The melancholy and fatal catastrophe has cut a deep gloom over all in the surrounding country, ameng whom Mr. Mecartney, and hie much-lamented lady, were deservedly respected. The funeral of the late Mrs. Maoist ney took place on Friday morning, at 4 o'clock, and was strictly private. SCOTLAND. EDINTICROR. OCT. IL The alleged loss of the letters sent to her Majesty, while the court was in Scotland, should perhaps be placed in the same category with the equivocal pieces of intelligence that have recently appeared in certain of the London papers. The Caledonian Mercury, of this morning, contains a letter signed " Truth," evi dently proceeding from a party connected with the Edinburgh Post-office, which states that communica tions for the Queen were put up in a separate bag, on their arrival in Edinburgh, and despatched to Dal whinnie under the personal charge of the mail-guard, whence they were transmitted to Ardverikie by a special conveyancer. No complaint has been sent to the Edinburgh office of say lees or irregularity of any kind ; and as to saturation, it is indeed true that on one occasion across-runner, but not the royal despatch bearer, performed a summerset in fording a stream, by which the bags under his care were immersed, when some lettere to the Marchioness of Abereorn shared the common fate, and where it is possible that the letters of the gentlemen of the press may also have been submerged ; but beyond this tie current paragraphs seem to have no foundraion. As memorials of the royal visit, the lessees of the Crinan Canal have presented the master who steered the royal barg e , with a fr'',cl watch, while the two lads who e the hones have severally received silver watches. In all their arrangements, the les.ees appear to take 4 conreehensive view of the increaacd 'traffic that is likely to take place on thei: line, from ! its having formed a portion of the Queen's rim . ..". On Saturday lase Lord Ashley, who was previously living with Lord Kinnaird, at Rossi° Priory, near D un d ee , visited, in company with kis lordship and i Sir David Brewster, the industrial schools of that town. After inspecting them in their own domicile, the children were marched off to a church, where Lord Ashley addressed them and the miscellaneous audience who assembled on the occasion on the im portance of such institutions. The provost and some of the leading manufacturers were present, moat of them being parties who opposed his lordship on the short time question ; but with good taste this topic appears to have been kept in abeyance during the visit of the noble philanthropist. The highest civic honour in Scotland is at an un accountable discount. Last November the present Lord Provost of this city consented to retain his office for one year beyond the prescribed triennial period, as a sort of compromise between complying with the warmly expressed wishes of his fellow-citizens that he should resume the office for the full term and giving it up altogether. Mr. Adam Black has proved a most satisfactory and popular provost, and whether it is that humble-minded aspirants dread comparison with so exemplary a predecessor, or that the office has lost its charms, no one can be got to fill up the vacancy which will occur next month. Mr. William Chambers and Bailie Mack have actually declined the offered chain and ermine, while several other prominent local politicians have, it is said, ex presaed their intention of turning—when applied to — a deaf ear to the charms of proposing deputations, " charm they never so wisely." Every day intensifies the crisis, and the period of election is looked forward to with the dread of there being no candidate. The metropolis of North Britain without a chief magi strate cannot bethought of without emotion ; but such at present is the dreadful prospect Tile FLOODS AT Pears.—Some particulars were for merly given of the Redden rise that had taken place in the Tay an consequence of the heavy rains of Wednesday and Thursday, sad of the damage caused thereby. The accounts from the higher putt of the country are no less alarming and dreadful. on the road from Dunkeld to Blair Atholl, the bridge at Tullymet has been carried away, and the Blair Atholl coach and Inverness mail have been obliged to abandon the public road, and seek for the meant of crossing by going through private policies, whi re a bridge is still re morning. A party who rents an island in the Tay above Dunkeld, where he had seven score of sheep and seven bosses pasturing, has lost the whole of the sheep, which were swept away by the flood; and the horses were only saved by swimming ashore before the water had reached the highest point, some of them having two miles to swim before they could gain a footing upon feria firma. At Kirkmichael, the bridge over the Isle has hes n broken dawn, and the river having burst in'o the church yard, has committed terrible havoc, tearing up and sweeping away the earth, till old coffins and mouldering relics of hu manity have been exposed and scattered about in all direc tient. The bride over the Ericht at Blairgowrie, has alto been demolished, and it is supposed that a horse which wan yesterday seen fluting down the Tay, Raddled and bridled, had been upon this bridge when it fell, and that its rider must have also perished in the water. Farther down the Tay, and near Meiklenur, the tenant of Tay farm has suffered severely. He considers that the damage done by the loss of turnips swept away by the Hood must be about 1.10/. His corn yard was all afloat, hut as there was little current in the water, none of the stacks were removed, and when the water fell they settled down in their former position. His cattle were removed in boats to the highest grounds upon the farm, and the family had to take refuge in the garrets of the house. Strange to say, the wooden service bridge over the Tay, at the point near Kinclaven, where a bsidge is in precept of being built to cowry across the Midland Ilailway, has withstood the shock of the ele ment, which shows that it must have been constructed in a very substantial manner. In Perth and the neighbourhood considerable damage het been done by many of the houses having had their lower flats laid under water, and the extent of the inundation may be conceived, when it is stated, that if the water had risen two feet high. r two-thirds of the surface upon which the town stands would have been submerged. A few particulars of damage done may be mentioned. Two fishers' lodges which stood upon the North Inch have disap peared, and a stack of hay has been set down upon the ground which one of them occupied. The wood-work of the bridge begun to be constructed across the river by the Dundee and l'erth Railway has been demolished and floated down, causing a loss, it is said, of about 2,000!. Ihe farm upon Moscraelfe Island, which lies a little below the town, and consists of about a hundred acres, was entirely under water. The sheep upon the island were collected in the granaries of the farusteadings, and the cattle were taken to the highest part of the island, where they stood for nearly an hour with little mare than their heads above the water. At the shore the water broke into a shed containing uuslacked lime; the sides of the shed were very speedily burst, and the roof set on fire; and the strange spectacle was seen of a fire engine playing upon it in the midst of all this deluge. At the rope-work, near the gene ral prison, damage to the extent of several hundred pounds was done by the water getting into the flit stores. These ars a few specimens of the losses caused by this flood, the like of which we have never before experienced. The scene at one time was really alarming. 'lke heigheof the water was so great, and the rush and roar of the current through the arches of the bridge so impetuous, that many were afraid to venture across, dreading that the substantial &brie might be insufficient to resist the fury of the leases. The water was at its highcot about three o'clock on Friday. By eight o'clock it had fallen about three feet, and at prrsent (rune o'clock r.u. of same day), it may have fallen altoge ther about seven or eight feet. It is very probable that there may yet be accounts of heavier damages being done, and it is feared that, owing to the suddenness and height of the inundation, we may yet have to give further details of the lose of human life amidst the other destruction.—Mail. ABERDEEN. —The rivers here, and north of this, were much flooded. The Dee rose to within a very short distance of the height which it reached in 1829. Part of the service erections at the bridge for the railway viaduct were carried 'away. Large quantities of wood were brought down both Dee and Don, so that the whole beach between the two rivers was strewn by logs and spars, which numberless parties, with scores of carts, were :he whole of Friday buoy claiming and carrying off. POMT-OFFICE DILIGENCE.—Mr. Cowan, ALP., lately said at a meeting held in Edinburgh, that he once posted a letter for Liverpool, left Edinburgh himself twenty-four hours afterwards, and was in Liverpool some hours before the letter. The following ease is somewhat analogous :—A person posted a letter In Glasgow one night, a few minutes before eight o'clock, left Glasgow at half-pest six next morning, and was in Perth about titres hours before the letter, and four hours before it was delivered. The pur pose expected to be served by the letter was, that something might be done which it was too late to do when the writer of it arrived. PROVINCIAL. SIR ROBERT PEELi; expected at Liverpool. Ho dines with the mayor on Friday. Both the Liverpool mem bers, and Mr. Gibson, the artist, are expected to meet him. THE ADJOURNED MEETING OF DELEGATES repre senting the factory operatives, fixed for Sunday last, took place, but with closed doors. It is stated that 27 district' were represented, 15 by delegates, and 12 by letter, and that all except three were in favour of a total cessation of labour, rather than submit to a reduction of prices. The meeting was further adjourned till Sunday next, when the day is to be fixed for the general strike. Manchester, up to this time, has had no general or public meeting of workmen on the sub ject. DREADFUL ACCIDENT AT BACUP.—During the past ' week large crowds have been collected at the Mechanics' Institute, Bacup, to listen to addressee by Mrs. Jackson, of Wakefield, on the temperance question. Mrs. Jackson was subsequently announced to preach, on the evening of Sunday last, in the Wesleyan Association Chapel, Baeup, and, from the interest excited by her previous appearances, the little chapel was filled to overflowing. The services had not been commenced more than twenty minutes (by which time, it is believed, there were at least 1.500 persons in the chapel), when a woman seated in the gallery was heard to scream, and immediately the alarm was spread through the well ' packed multitude in the gallery that that portion of the chapel was giving way. It would be utterly impossible to attempt to describe the scene whieh immediately ensued. The first and natural impulse was to rush to the door—and this the nearest to it were alone able to accomplish. In this, as in all similar cases, the in stinct of sellpreservation rendered every one indifferent, save as to the means of his own personal safety, and the stream of human beings came with such force, that they were wedged one against the other; and by the crushing from behind, great numbers were knocked over. As stream succeeded stream, and was landed at the door, hundreds who had kept erect, as it were, by the way in which they were wedged together, fell down as if their legs had been taken from them the moment the pressure was relaxed. The dense masses, as they were vomited forth, were thus strewn upon the ground—pile upon pile of human beings, men, women, boys and girls trampling upon and bruising each other. The dresses of some were torn off their body, the clothes of many of the women and girls literally hanging from their persons in tatters, and, all over the scene of disaster were scattered, in promiscuous confusion, hata,caps, bonnets, shawls, shoes, umbrellas, parasols, hymn books, bibles, trod den under foot and destroyed. As soon as the crowd became somewhat collected and composed they set about rendering assistance to the more helpless and injured portion. Two persons, a woman and a boy, were found dead lying in the yard, opposite the door of the chapel, where they are sup posed to have been knocked down by the crowd, and being unable to rise, must have been crushed to death by the trampling of the dense mass overhead ; and another, a young man, n a He la haf. ri s y n negb : . i . 7 . l . l IA a lso os r : ri r a e y t: tuhpr injured, m i o'clock, um ore, . : a a ft er g.m all a ngl e d d t h e: e n t id or. expectedn r d , find h e a d s s f o n recover. The alarm, it turned out, was perfectly mah out foundation. It appears that a kind of hold fast or staple came out of the wall for the purpose of suspending the iron pipe of the stove, by which the chapel is heated. againstga e g r gallery rot o h f h •ue t he pipe,c h aapidl woman. Th d e e close to the gip*, and hearing a:ratahslipiioglettitPfailwrees'm4 extendsut souus okmdc siltingee° unde r hk th e dg the fall of the iron staple, imagined that kin* of GM prop* , i