The Express. — London, England, 1847-10-08 00:00:00

, !Abram deal web merles in My hisobood miss am Is= Wet sad dearer every day. Ameeptthe derder u s ewe ersimer the meet valltalle re by the llg =mleaer of Av is by the Term et the MI6 Dessesa, tY ra "gmhdr a g lismnsittsa Iseerekelt, by g o rie lfwasugg, he. the emeedrie arldered fie ....alylne lad meglefiD timer Dui the stew theatre One Illeedee 8/ .. a ... 1 . 8 . listiorsoi Now sinew _ _ aimommir •••rbmissimdi Deena Climemmthr big Itistaw med e=lthtmered etaterer tee en rater gleams at the rmt eine arra lees. The Trask er tereers, et ragrans et the Mr= reentry', at diyerras et the Jeri darn as the Ibis writ is In If brie hie wham Ilkhosilth. or Ildrelletharto the six seders reread told* herder • ommemery et Rabbi Ireate; en Prialenti ; the i nse vet ef leatalptics, t. crag et the Died, with the Glom ot yogi ; dllbetet editions of tin Poideinne ,• bark rur, a Jur al . ak a i gat ef groat Authority ; Mr evy t the able, with a Itab. w oo l gm In tt volumes; met Den's Dem Onmeethre, o w eb of great rimed= with @shies sr Detre. These wwY mu .11 in the Mar,. d Dahhhtled shenteler.— Amory to the resolution et the Nth et Ms" UK Se ter, nom or the Guildhall library had her Ord up se eallaillelem ooti a i i mid works of art, dells skew ewe es =ale le Met meta mat beautiful arid valuable rs bee made ie It by the ' E.stinage and Gresham Tenelsenanollinm *fa redlyt ,„ — n o nui,, tour to MI, wham emenetry re heallethes et the pew Koval haeburige, creating et the mere podia sparer et the red bosom ware usually ford% the subset Imre cities, alai galled Suntan ware ; also, • coheres ettlsmeede Implement ea of vs, n o . b.., :ad deers, from tie te Mtn member, he, he. The report was received, and ordered to be printed, and a espy was directed to be sent to every member of the court. A resolution, thaniung Mr. Moutons for the above gift, baring been unanimously rased, the court proceeded to the election of some subordinate officers under the County Courts Bill, after which it adjourned. ROYAL WESTMINSTER OPHTHALMIC /10SPITAL.— Yesterday a meeting of the governors and committee of the above hospital for the relief of the indigent poor labouring under dierasesof the eye (without letters of recommendation) was held in theboard-room of the institution at Charing-cross; Mr. L. Powell in the chair. The report stated that there are now on the books 2.945 out-patients and 14 in-patients of the latter class the wards are capable of containing thirty at one time, but the present state of the funds prevents the admission of more than half that number. During the last year 4,100 persons were relieved, of whom 181 were in patients. SIPCO its institution in 1817 upwards of 67,000 persons have availed themselves of its benefits. Since 1840 there have been 3,109 operations for the cure of squinting, nearly the whole of which have been perfectly successful. GOLDSMITHS' AND JEWELLERS' BENEVOLENT IN srtrcrtox.—Yetterday a meeting of the members of the above institution was held at the crown and Anchor Tavern, Strand; Mr. C. Wester in the chair. The report stated that the institution was founded fur the purpose of relieving the decayed members in the above trades, their workmen, shopmen, and clerks, as likewise their widows. There are now 14 male and 7 female pensioners on the funds, at a east of upwards of 2201. per annum. The society's amount of funded property is 1,3321. Is., independent of which there is a building fund of 8231. 10s. for the erection of almshouses for aged and infirm members. WESLEYAN NI IS,IONS.—The annual meeting of the City.road Branch Missionary Society was held, last even ing, at the City-road chapel, which was crowded. Mr. C. Pearson, M.P., presided, and introduced the business in a brief speech. He observed that the sun never set on the scene of the labours of IVesleyan missionaries, and expressed his conviction that missionary societies were the moat success ful pioneers of civilisation. After an allusion to the discou earwig state of the money market, he expressed a hope that there would, nevertheless, be a good collection. The report of the committee stated that there was every reason to expect that the pecuniary results at the close of the year would not be less than those of the last. In con. netion with this chapel, the sum of 4421. had been raised. The remainder of th, report consisted of extracts from the report of the parent society, a reassess- of which we published in May last, descriptive of its foreign operations. The re ceipts for the year ending January last amounted to 4421. 104. 411., being an increase of 181. on the previous year. —The Rev. S. Jackson, president of the conference, moved a resolution declaratory of the success which had attended the Wesleyan missions during the past year. This success, he observed, was solely attributable to the divine blessing.— After an affecting allusion to the death of the Rev. Francis Wilson, a mimioaary in the Society islands, he observed that ' the interment of the remains of their missionaries in foreign lands was in effect a taking possession of those regions on behalf of their divine sovereign.—The Rev. J. P. Hethering ton, missionary from Canada, said that in no part of the mission-field had their labours been more successful than in Canada. Amongst one Indian tribe in the western pro vince, he had been most cheerfully received. It was gratify. ing to know that, amongst the converts, there had been few instances of immoral conduct, and not one of an individual returning to his former idolatry.—Mr. Case, the missionary to that tribe for the last 25 years, had been most untiring in his exertions to win these men to Christianity, and to form them into settlements, where were planted the elements of civilisation.—The Rev. P. Duncan, late missionary in the West Indies, said he had spent 11 years in those islands, and, so far from having to complain, with a unitarian missionary, that he could make nothing of the Degrees, he found them everywhere reedy to embrace Christianity. Cannibalism was practised by these tribes in their native regions in Africa; but the converted memo's were so ashamed of this, that they could with ditfi culty be brought to admit it. Not the least important result of the mission to Jamaica was the improvement in the moral conduct of the coloured population ; many of whom were now so well veined as to fill the magisterial office with the greatest ability. Another effect had been to moderate the intolerance of the colonial government, many of the members of the house of assembly_ having received a religious training from the missionaries. Further: schools were springing up in every direction, the blessed effects of which would long be felt. In conclusion, he noticed the missions of other deno minations, and observed that the field was wide enough for all.—The Rev. Joseph Hargreaves eloquently enforced the duty, incumbent on all Christians, of supporting missions to the heathen, and of extending the spirit and principles of motaitantisre,—the truth as preached by their founder, Wesley, and by the apostles.— The next speaker was a Samoan chief, who was introduced under the curt cognomen of " Mame.," and as a native teacher from the Navigators' Islands. He addressed the assembly in his own language, the Rev. John Stair, mis sionary from Upolu, acting as interpreter, and giving a short biographical sketch of the sable straeler. Alamoe's address consisted of an account of his conversion, of the state of the natives of Samoa prior to the introduction of Christianity, their wars, rapine, and cruelty; of the visit of Mr. Williams, the missionary, to the island ; of the emcees of hie labours, and the happy effects produced on the natives; of his (Mamoe's) amazement, on visiting this country, to see our splendid buildings, gas-lights, and other wonders ; conclud ing with an exhortation to British Christians not to grow weary in their good work. Ilia delivery was animated , - an communed with abundance of gesticulation ; and his lan guage, by no means uamelodious, seemed composed largely of vowel sounds, connected only 1; simple consonants, and re so not much unlike, in meund, the modern Greek as pro- Roamed by natives. The Rev. J. Stair, the interpreter, briefly addressed the meeting, and a collection was then made in aid of the society's funds. Some other addresses were afterwards delivered, and the proceedings terminated with a vote of thanks to the chairman. THE ECLIPSE TO-3,lonflOW.—The eclipse which takes place with to-morrow's rising sun will be the largest that has happened in England for 83 years, in many respects exceeding the famous one on April the let, 1764, nor will any such occur again until March 15, 1858. Astro nomers are looking forward to the meet with peculiar inte rest, inasmuch as they expect that it will either verify or disprove a statement that during the eclipse in 1842, se seen at Pavia, in Italy, there were *Nerved to emerge from under the dark border of the moon same tinted protube rances Ides the pyramidal cogs of a wheel. The eclipse be gins at sunrise , 14 minutes 12 seconds past 6 o'clock (Green wich) ; at Torbay the sun rises eclipsed at 14 minute. pest 6, and there and at Plymouth, &c., it will be cen tral and annular, or ring-Illue a white ray of uni form width being all round the edge of the moon, which opaque body (the moon), of course, is not large enough to obscure the whole of the sun's disc. A line drawn on a map of England and Wales, from Car digan on the left hand, through Gloucester, Oxford, and a few miles month of Margate, will show the places at which the eclipse will present an annular appearance—namely, all those places lying on the south of the line; but at Hereford, being to the north, the ring will not be quite complete. Theinteresting phenomenon will terminate at about half pest 8, and will be visible, not only to European nations, but to several parts of Asia and Africa Perhaps there is no better medium of observing the eclipse than through two pieces of glass, of convenient size, first smoked over a candle, the smoked aides placed together, and the pieces then fastened to each other at the ends with flaxen thread. The blackening should be denser towards one and than the ether, in order to suit the eye as occasion may require. COST OF EMIGRATION TO SOUTH AIISTRALIA.—III obedience to an order of the House of Commons, on the no tion of Mr. Liddell, a return has jest been vas by the Colonial-office of the average east it of emigrants from England to South Australis in by her Majesty', Colonial Lend and E Oememalieners, from Jan. 1 to July 6. The total number of *Me adults (persons above 14 years of age, and two passes vadat that age being reckoned as one), embarked in 16 ships, is esti mated at 3,021 ; and the average cost per notate atilt, at 121. 7s. 71d. This cost represents the net average out of the conveyance and victualling of the emigrants, and is exclusive of gratuities snowed to the smeons, superintendent, and officers of the ship, and other mall incidental expenses. THE CURRENCT.—The following suggeshous for an amendment of the currency have been at Liver pool Let one hundred millions of the Three per Cent. An- Deities be converted into seventy-five millions of Four per Cent. Annuities, which will not affect the annual charge upon the country. Transfer to the Mint the issue depart ment of the Bank of England, and withdraw from her, and from all other banks, the right to issue their own note*. In vest the Mint with power to issue notes of 51. and upwards, in exchange for four per cent. stock to an equal amount, such stock not to bear interest to the depositor, but the in terest to accrue to the Mint for expenses and profit ; and, in order to secure that, the notes not to be convertible until six mouths after date ; and at the isphation of that time to be reconvcrtiblo, at the will of the leakier, into four per oent. stock. For the first di months ear of this paper will be convertible, but afterwards it will be so to any required ex tent. The advantages istiapetal Am this wham are :- 1. That ties basis o(the wield thus be of a Azad, unvarying wine, to =abaft the Nth of the swastry "slid be *lie& 2. TIM, net brig an article of cogn ise% la seallen lobo to interfere with Its ilerilsess of vise, the et its amount would be a guarantee egaiest .e smbised mart to absorb it. 3. That it would be self bums& is the amount in circulation, since no man bee* Meth to lose the in tenet, salsa be weld do better with the notes, or keep stock dish be isaidtt Itiothaase for notes, if he law an la "clads iea damps. 4. Thet it gets rid of all discretion, and prevents a systematic or accidental, of any clam of seestiliM & settle* the value of all pro perty with selbeesee ee a her per coat annuity, i. s., it coa -1 Wastes the taw pee rata • laradard of value. 6. That it essares to the eauway ea Wens of between one and two willies% =oder the rate *oar per cent. on the amount of items, will be collected without trouble, and paid without easpbdat Tim (bias HARTEST.—Sir,—A letter appears in your leMr to-day signed " H. J.," which describes the Emsetl iteoat of the City to be that the wheat crop of ads rislat by impasses an avenge yield. This ewer the would bun bees say at value had " H. J." told as wird epperbadiles be bad ht three' weeks " personal expo rinse" of the sentry, of forming a correct opinion of the lagewest throughout the world. Having omitted ,to do this, as dependance whatever can be placed on his statement— as it is to facts which are notorious to every reader the returns in the Gazette, to every inference to be drawn from the present prime, and to every optnion--except that derived from " H. J.'s" three weeks' personal experience— that has been expressed on the subject since the harvest was housed. Besides these generalities, however, one particular circumstance, as regards imported grains, has just happened, which tends to refute your correspondent's letter. That there is an immense influx of grain and flour into the Lou d= warehouses we have official proof. The government has very recently been called on to concede the privilege of hous ing bread-stuffs in unlicensed warehouses, on account of the bonded ones being choked up with abundance. It was only at the beginning of the present week that this privilege was granted by the authorities to more than one eminent firm who had applied for it. These facts, respecting not only home but foreign produce, must weigh infinitely more in favour of a rich harvest and abundant supplies, than the " personal experience " derived from a three weeks' absence from the confines of Cockaigne.—W., Oct. 7. INTERCOURSE WITH THE CONTINENT.—Oar usual table shows for the week ending Oct. 3 the following results: Through Boulogne, 2,274 passengers; through Calais, 360. The oorrespondusg week of last year shows : Through Bou logne, 2,138 possesses ; through Calata, 419. The 2,274 n through Boulogne may be classed as follows : pa. Bowe n 618 ; from Dover, 175 ; from London, 246 ; total, 1,039. To Folkestone, 658 passengers ; to Dover, 313 • to Ramsgate, 2 ; to London, 262 ; total, 1,23.5. THE STREET MCSIC PLAGUE.—Sir,—Allow me to thank you for the just and very sensible remarks in your paper of to-day, on that intolerable nuisance, " the hurdy surly." Pray continue them till it be abated. I em of • profession requiring quietude, but not a day passes that I am not hourly annoyed by this Italian plague, and my only remedy is to give the offender into custody of • policeman, in ease be refuse to move on after due notice ; but, when a policeman is required, it unfortunately too frequently blip pens there is not one to be found ; beside, the offending vagabond can see the length of the street, and, knowing all you can legally do, grinds away till a policeman comes in sight, and then scampers off. Now, sir, as a partial remedy, it would be useful if these vagrants were compelled to carry on their organs, in a conspicuous position, the name and address of the owner ; so that, after offending and repeating the offence, he could he summoned before a magistrate.— Oct. 7.—Ease. A PLAN FOR A DOMESTIC CURRENCY. Our object to-day is to give an analysis et this pamphlet, written by a gentleman well known in the banking world. Comment we shall reserve to a future opportunity. The purpose is to explain—let. How a requisite amount of domestic currency may be supplied. 2nd. How it may be maintained unaffected by the Foreign Exchanges, and 3rd. How the necessary sum in ged is to be provided. Ist. The first object can be effected by the establishment of a bank issuing notes having twelve months to run and thea payable in ounces of gold ; the pound sterling being I oz. of Twelve months after date I promise to pay to bearer one thousand pounds (i. e., 250 ounces of standard gold) value received. A. 8., Cashier. £lOOO 0 0 sterling. Notes upon the quarterly sum:due Isy the public in taxes, say 13,000,000 might be issued quarterly in payment of the public dividends and current expenses of the government, and • further sum of 10,000,000, more or leas, in notes, might be issued to the London bankers for the discount of bills not having more than three months to run, which notes would be returned within three menthe in due payment of those bills. Hereby would be established • circulation of about 23,000,000, I mean such an amount of circulating medium as experience would dictate to be necessary for the requirements of the country. This operation would have to be repeated every three months. 2ndly. This currency would be independent of the foreign ex-h o a r n tre L ocatemplated bank would not have the functions of bullion-dealers sa is now the case with the Bank of Ens. land. Hence gold, which in the usual course of trade bee a tendency to flow into England, would be bought by the hel lion-dealers, and be in turn sold by them to the merchants whenever it should be required for export in the balance of trade. The demand for gold from the bullion-dealers would accordingly enhance its price, and render it dearer to the foreign merchant, when he might require it, than our mann.' factured goods. He would thus be induced to accept mann,. factures in place of gold, with which he could trade, if so dis posed, and realise • profit unattainable if he had taken gold; and the export of manufactures would greatly benefit the British producers. Also, in the proposed system, the bank note cannot be depreciated. For, suppose that, owing to large purchases of corn or any other import, gold is in demand, the bullion-dealers will endeavour to increase its price, but in this case, if they succeed in augmenting the prat. beiond 41. per es., I propose that the bank should charge more the 4 per cent. for discount of bills (which I would hare to be their minimum rate) say to 4i or s:per cent. The writer then proceeds to show that not.ri the rise in the price of gold, the bank notes, though would not be depreciated, owing to the rise in the rase discount. The CUTlAlation, according to the author, would be un diminished by any difference in the foreign exchanges. For, though notes due and over-due should be presented for gold,whea gold is needed, as above supposed, in payment of the balance of trade, and those falling due should be hoarded to obtain gold, and those with some months to run should: be exported instead of gold and be due on their re turn; still, to replace the consequent diminution in number of the notes, at present irremediable, I . propose that the bankers should be able to go to the issu ing bank and dis count their bills, but, by reason of the rise in price of gold, 4S or 6 per coot. discount should be charged them, 6 per cent. being the maximum rate contemplated, 3rd. Lastly, to provide a necessary amount of gold for the bank. . . . . It bag been estimated that there are in circulation more than 60,000,000 of ooined fold occupying the place of 11. notes. Many millions of this gold can be procured for the proposed bank by an issue of notes for 31. and 41. each, in addition to the other now in circulation, the execution of which might be rendered superior to the possibility of for gery. The required amount of gold would thus be raised, and these notes would remain in circulation for the purposes of trade. I propose that the London bankers, in addition to the facility of obtaining bank-notes at all times at a moderate rate at discount, shall have the privilege of paying into the Bank of Issue all their due bills and cheques upon bankers, to the credit of their several accounts. I co LW; that the prorinctal banks should be allowed to issue 31. and 41. notes in order to economise gold and moist the small traders and ethers. Propose ToslMLionVirestrietions upon banking, with the exception of prohibiting issues within sixty-five miles of London. Bach are the mopeds made by the " Banker," who shows some little of the spirit of his profession in the following concluding paragraph : At the cominaneernent of the Bank Charter, 1844, the Bank of Englend reduced their rate of discount 'from 4 per cent. per annum to 2; per cent. per annum, and were yet unable to employ their private deposits amounting to sight millions; thereby not only losing their profit as private bankers, but causing all other bankers to rectifies their fair profits of banking. The Bank of England will be the greatest gainer by the new system. INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE OF THE PRIN- CIPAL COUNTRIES OF EUROPE AND THEIR DEPENDENCIES. _ _ _ LETIT.B. 1.. The mass of information which has been made public respecting the industry sad social propos of the principal states of Europe and their dependencies, although far from complete, yet affords materials for useful calcula tion. A genes of enumerations bas made us acquainted with the number of inhabitants, and their distribution over the surface in all the leading states. Inquiries have been set en foot, either officially or by private exertion, to ascertain the various occupations of the people, and the extent of aid they derive born animal power or machinery In their various trades. The fertility of the soil has been estimated and compared with the crops drawn from It. The consumption of food, of objects of clothing, and of luxury, has bean calculated from the native resources of each land, as well as from those which it commands from trade. It is time that the results of these useful inquiries should be availabledigte intoot tr ei tl e r sta tesma n an y d the mak e th em hantr ni 4dany y who have hitherto been induced to look open statistical inquiries as tending only to nourish idle speculations, or to institute discouraging and inexact companions, will yet be compelled to acknowledge that this anenee furnishes means of practical utility which have been too long disregarded, and that if little advantage have hitherto been derived by indi viduals from the labours of those who have devoted their time to these inquiries, the blame is alone chargeable on those who have neglected to make use of the information I put into their hands. We propose in the following letters to analyse the results of the various statements that have appeared respectiag the occupations of the inhabitants of the leading sense of Europe. Our inquiries will be confined to the trade and industry of each, embracing in addition only such parts of their financial and political systems 111 have a direct influence on the industrial pursuits of the people. At the numerous I social and moral results which stand in an intimate con nexion with the production and consumption of every com munity, we propose, on this occasion, only to cast a hasty glance in pasting by, when they corroborate or invalidate statements Which have obtained currenoy from the authority on which they were put forth. It would mats as most hap py if such readers as may follow us In this ia do so with the fi rm eoaviction. that the natZa e l ei t ima rs which guide men in their industrial efforts are simple and grand as they present themeslres to aila m pzir r er . in seen other sphere. Their operation must e M easily traced if It is to be acknowledged with- Out ruination. Conviction must be willingly yielded, if it as to lead to a . f o yzeetioal result useful to society. Our greatest pride will in seeking, by combining things long since known to all, to show how near the explanation of some ap parent contradictions and discrepancies lay, that have diffused mystery wlere.all was simply and naturally work ing its course. The other side of the pieure will, of course, contain evidence of the disturbance of the timple and elluabls coarse of things under their natural laws by the Impatience, and often reckless ambition, of men. A period of peace and of scientific progress is a fit opportu nity for tracing the harmonious organisation of the powers which providence has placed at the disposal of man to minister to hie happiness or to his misery, accord ing to the use we make of them. In the certainty of retnin tion, where those powers are used for purposes of evil, there are too few believers. Nor will it lie within the scope of these letters to do more than point to such instances as may chance to lie near us in confirmation of this proposition. Some striking examples will not escape our notice. We may be allowed to preface our special inquiries by a few general remarks. Intelligence being the weapon with which man is endowed by Am Creator to make good his sovereignty in nature, we look everywhere rather to the use a notice makes of its resources in general, than to any par ticular possession, as the source of its wealth or poverty, of Its power or weakness, Judgment in selecting those best available for the present purpose compensates for the unequal distribution of the gifts of nature. 7Pki European can complain that our climate denies us the growth of cotton or of sugar ; seeing that more cotton and sugar is con sumed en an average in Europe than is used by the inhabitants of the countries that produce those wens. Another striking feature of our present position, that is in valuable as a piece of experience, is, that we have reached this result,through peaceful interchange and improved means of trade, after centuries lost in endeavouring to achieve it by rapine. A third fact that will not be denied, is. that not withstanding the rapid increase of population within the last century, a far greater share of comfort and more powerful means of creating wealth are now at the command of every individual than were to be bad a hundred years ago. This assertion is not tantamount to saying that every man is now more at his ease and richer than men were • century back. But those who have the power are responsible for the use they make of it, and where there is misery, we are infallibly led to predicate the existence of ignorance or of crime. A fourth change stands in close connexion with the preceding. Two centuries ago, many doubted whether the spread of education was not adapted to lure men from practical occu pations to such as were merely speculative. The solution of the problem thus stated in favour of the culti vation of the mind is what has given us machines to use in the place of manual labour. Instruction of some kind is now considered indispensable for the mass of the people, if they are to provide their own means of support. In the quality of the instruction now imparted there may perhaps still be as wide a field for improvement so there has hitherto been in the quantity that was doled out. A fifth conclusion to whit& those who compare attentively the state of different nations cannot fail to come is, that such lands are richest as carry to the greatest extent an inter. change of productions with other nations, and give the greatest facilities to exchanges at home. There is nothing te mysrious in this result of trailing activity. It is upon the law of nature, which hieda society together with the golden chains of mutual advantage, while it strengthens the feeling of individual liberty by the profit derived from a division of labour. Wealth is formed by abundant and varied production. Trade, by affording each country • chance of making is peculiar resources available, induces their cultiva tion, and thus enriches the common stock. Money, that fal lacious index of wealth, is but a machine, like a ship or a lifting crane, destined to facilitate the transfer of goods, whose production and distribution form the legitimate ob jects of industry. It is therefore into the nature of the resources of the various countries of Europe, with their dependencies, the uses to which they are turned, the results as shown in the consump tion of the people, and the objects which they chi, fly affect as producers and consumers, together with the power which they, by the influence of trades, exercise over the progress of other lands, and over the general improvement of the civi lised world, that we propose to inquire. The limits to which we must confine ourselves are necessarily circumscribed, but we shall try to condense what is most worthy of notice, and most recent in point of date, within the space that is allowed us. IMPORTANT DIOCESAN EDUCATIONAL MEETING AT BIRMINGHAM. Yesterday afternoon a meeting of the friends of education in the counties of Warwick and Worcester, con vened by the Bishop of Worcester, was held at the Royal Hotel at Birmingham, for the purpose of considering the propriety of forthwith establishing a training school for the entire diocese. The Bishop of Woncesren presided, and stated the rounds upon which he had been induced to cell the meet ing. The recent minutes of the Privy Council on education held out, as they must be aware, very considerable advan tages in the way of promoting the improvement of parochial schoolmasters throughout the country. That the qualifica tions of the schoolmsstecs in the various parishes throughout England were greatly inadequate to the duties required of them must have been obvious to all who had taken a part in local affairs. An inquiry on this subject, instituted by a rev. friend of his, had disclosed this most completely. Of letters which he had addressed to 246 parishes, 135 answers had been received; and from theee it appeared that, in the course of the last twenty years, no less than 120 vacancies had occurred in the office of the schoolmaster, and that out of this number no less than forty-eight had been dismissed either for misconduct or incompetency. This fact was in itself sufficient to show the necessity that existed for the establishment of training schools. Concurring as he did with very many of his rev. brethren in the diocese in the course the government had pursued with reference to this work, and determining to meet it half-way, it had been determined by the diocesan board to take the step which led to the convening of this meeting. In other parts of the country these training schools had already been established and carried out with the most complete success. They were in operation in York, in Chester, us Lichfield, and in Dur ham ; and why should not two such important and ex tensive counties as Warwick and Worcester, with so wealthy a landed sad commercial interest, be able to do that whi ch the county of York had effected ? He believed that the time had arrived when the thing was feasible ; and, if following out the plan of the York school, they established a yrama r o Of middle school, the advantages would be so much themes considerable. The experiment of this, which had been tried at York, had succeeded in an unprecedented manner. By the last report he saw that the middle echoed was full, and that out of the pro fits of it, the expenses of the training school were de frayed. (Hear.) In that case, the expenses of the training school were, in the first instance, several hundred pounds per annum ; the two schools were now self supporting, leaving a surplus of some M. a year. Bach was the prin ciple upon which it was proposed to proceed by the educa tional board of the diocese, and he (the bishop) called u pon all classes of the community—clergy and laity—to strengthen their efforts in so very desirable a work as that of properly educating those who were to impart instruction to others. Lord LrrrithroY, in moving the first resolution, said that the present amount and quality of the education provided by the church for their poorer brethren was inadequate, was a fact sufficiently notorious; and as the per manent prosperity of the poorer classes must always proceed from themselves, it was by education alone that they could be placed in a position to profit by their industry: that in itself he regarded as a substantial reason why these training schools should be established. He and Mean had long en tertained the opinion that it was desirable the church should power institutions of the kind now proposed; and that it was extremely probable out of a population of upwards of 700,000 persons the means of supporting It would not be wanting; at the same time he did not think that it would have been prudent to have earlier attempted the establish. meat of these schools, seeing that it was not eo mush on account of the funds required for the purpose, but because of the difficulty in getting a su ffi cient number of students. It was well known that amongst the class of persons educated in 'parochial and industrial schools, there was a difficulty in inducing them to remain beyond the age of thirteen years, because of the valise of their labour to their parents: that great drawback upon their exertions would be (be trusted), In a great measure removed by the purrs/ disclosed by the Committee of p ard Council on Education in a recent minute. With to those minutes they (the diocesan board) were now to go on in concurrence with the g overnment , rt not here after to participate in innovations which might be of a dangerous character. The noble lord next explained in derail the altered circumstances in which they _ stood with reference to them training seho:i o la une h:t the promulgation of the recent minute of the most important of which (he said) was the papaw:4o( the pupa teachers from 13 to 18 years of age. He looked upon that as the most powerful engine that could be applied to induce the boys to go into the training schools ; and he had had from the secretary of the committee of council the importmat fact, that up to August last there were up ward, of one thousand pupa teachers for training Trim the recent minutes. The noble lord reed a mew eh et losathy letter from Dr. Shuttleworth, wide& didalled the Indiame government would afford, and advised on Weird matters in the establishment of the school. In one win of this communication it set forth that all inferior schools had the element of decay in their establishment, for that nothing gathered strength by age that did not begin with vigour. The expense of erecting proper schools Dr. Shuttleworth estimated at 8,2001., to which government would contribute 3,0001. To this, Lord Lyttelton said, would have to he added the grant they would receive from the National Society which had recently resolved to aid the original outlay in the establishment of training schools,where the pupils were not less than 60 in number, by grants of from 101. to 20!. each. The annual expense of carrying on' this school, Dr. Shuttleworth estimated at 3,0001. a year, and the amount of annual support received from government would (he said) depend upon the number of students who gained certificates of merit. It was calculated, however, that from 1,2001. to 1,6001. a year would be required in the shape of voluntary contributions. In conclusion, his lordship pressed strongly the neceasity of establishing the middle school, which would not add to the expense of the original outlay more than 2,0001. He an nounced the munificent offer of Mr. Adderley, M.P. for North Staffordshire, to present a piece of land (not quite sufficient for the purpose), as a site, and some build ings thereupon, situate about two miles from Birmingham. This (his lordship said) would reduce the original expense by about 1,6001., and he hoped that this dimes*, which was of recent formation, would mink all minor differ mums—that all parties would unite Dr the plfolllolloll in one common and glorious cause—the providon of adequate and proper education for the poor. (Applaues.) The meeting was next addressed by lord Liffard, Sir John Pakiegton M.P., Archdeacon Spooner, Mr. Adderley, J M.P., the Rev. J. 0 .rbett, rural dean of Birmingham, the dean of Worcester, dm. The following resolutions were moved by the several speakers, and tmanimonsl carried, with the exception of the I fifth, which was pro against by the Rev. H. Powell, oa the ground that tke minutes of the Privy Counsel were of such an uncertain character that he objected to this partici pation by the rehooL of the advantages held vat ; to this Lord Lyttelton replied, that as they were to be guided by fixed principles at the outset, any change Isgrealia in the views of the Pei Comma would not affect them Thet It Is tea Isetitatlon be outlasted Ihr the ozeitisi de ea moset Weeseas lselmemes to le ambled to church ot *Weed dank bibs The t a b gibing flied, Is gio dot lageno. be sulliset tee the =thol a. Zi g xtre Was SO, :L did en them 11l in et atr e Ms. se le e bodrr tt of the losilmatmt =kw Wilda, of the ustsieg elder not be 4•lllll.weed till the sestributtele shell be oiled to more the assemsedego of SS Meier& Thet • salmi hr de edoseUre of the middle dress be agebllehed so am t ler as&alert le the Woks sehool, if the hinds subscribed are stti c:lo no the if the sheet lie mesa In a bard trustees, mmledme et the beam time belog, est Modem est shooter ihe ionest shush d lheemier, wise @hen hell the repety he tleaasooeelW la grad reeelotim. Thee heeded he emethetedessenting to thereto' MI down ; end so as he MGM by he admishmes boldout by the Committee of the envy Omen an idesellem. Taft the gmeendeg bb of the limn be sisegesed at the hilowhig ex qrs. amides : - The ammo/ Woremeer, the miner= sod the rent times et he Aso" M hwdmlleetemat of the amaties Wendell end Weameeer the heed emend Rugby Meet, and King Ethrml. Ittrataatawa the milers or ht. lisetiMe sod ht. Philikr% the eamehries of the Wormsem dlesemis and the 110ovemey heeds of education, mod 114 sleeted member., to to sell „ cr to be ambled amenely, is the That ta• weep of deem almoseld be a visitor at the simel, mod that the gemming body be seigemered to an sap ill 1111111Miilla ie all Meetand to make mrssmessents in it Mom time to timer they ik et, subject to the approve of the risibar. Subsequent resolutions declared the desirability of esta blishing the school in the neighbourhood, so the most cen tral part of the diocese; appointed a committee, consisting of eighteen gentlemen, with six peers, these to have power to collect donations, to apply for grants, and to carry out further the intentions of the meeting. The thanks of the assemblage were then voted to the bishop, and the proceedings terminated, a large sum having been subscribed by those present for the purpose of carrying out the purposes embodied in the resolutions. THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 8, 1847. IRELAND. DUBLIN, OCT. 6. In the present agitated and confused state of Ire land, good sense and sage counsel come from very un expected quarters. At a meeting of all having pro perty in the electoral division of Fora, in the union of Old Castle, of whom the chief is the Marquis of West- Leath, some sensible resolutions were unanimously adopted. The electoral division, it seems, contains 14,064 statute acres, with a valuation of less than 9,0001. Three labourers being considered as the pro portion of every occupier of one hundred acres, and the probable number of able-bodied entitled to relief having to be taken from 170 families, it was proposed and agreed on that the proprietors and farmers holding '2O acres and upwards should employ in the above-mentioned proportion during the ensuing winter and spring; and inasmuch as this labour will be cast on the tenant-farmers when their means of payment in money wages are much reduced, the landlords agreed to employ one-third of the whole able-bodied labour. The machinery consists of the relief committee, who are to form a standing body to give effect to the resolutions. A book and register are also to be kept, in which will be entered the names of all the labourers, the employers, and the number which each proprietor ought to employ within the meaning of the resolutions. Another lord comes forward with opportune advice. At a late meeting of the DungannonAg ricultural Society Lord Dungannon, as president, rethe assembled landlords and ratepayers a homely but beneficial lecture, though there are some statements which savour strongly of absurdity. He recommended all to obey the law and the commissioners in the execution of the law—to look to the condition of the labouring poor, who were in an awful state of destitution, and to provide for them, by some means or other, "constant employment and money wages." The go od contained in his lordship's advice disarms our criticism on the indifferent or bad, such as that the chief weight of employment must rest with the farmers instead of the landlords. The course pursued at Fora is the true one: wherever practicable let each take his fair pro portion. The question of out-door relief is a sore puzzle to the local gentry. The slowness with which the boards act under the law is to be ascribed less to reluctance than ignorance or fear. While, however, they are deliberating, the multitudes are beginning to roar around the workhouses. The most remarkable of our guardians are tke Bantry—they meet very often, and speak very long, but that is all as yet. Speculation finds more favour there than practice. At their last meeting it was suggested that work- houses should be converted into reproductive institu tions, by increasing the quantity of land attached to them. The results of this change, which occupied the attention of former governments, and was discarded. aar than dated. The rr.sim la auk union, the Mod of psedliss lir empowered to margensat en Intettlownt seri le 1111.1111111.1M1 al. • t mop Ilme colter's& be Moshed to ash wiehhoom The M soy id up • dm OM Me mIW emedmlipwsedi imdtere st Mew ea Mom mi. talent hibesem belooll at wriYetiswed YY • hoothes es the essasri. Sa imillehld w weebbesee depoodft tin sonssase of the nibs Its Maumee. The Isamerse taevire pedeolime af the country, Mos AMOY,: reds of dis le the valuation of treble& The mem et ae. Mktg elm hp the Poor-Law IMmies AM mop he Ms wieldy sod emildroidp mode sue wadassis eirsto a elm es b tthembeessytete with ea t =: b. thetw i ldelle t. eled = l o le ubst I LT I III=OI7=I the via boas or Ireland thres the Amer at the Poor law. Ths executive have read another lecture to the gentry, in replying to a communication from Sir Lamas O'Brien, M.P, for Clare. That gentleman re cently wrote to the Irish government, transmitting " a petition " which the labourers of Clare and New market had presented to himself, asking for assistance in their destitution. Sir W. Somerville, in conveying the reply of the government, says, "liia excellency regrets much to learn that at this early period, so soon after the collection of an abundant harvest, com plaints should be made by the labouring classes that they are suffering from want in the midst of the abundan.,i which surrounds them;" and the chief secretary intimates that it seems to his excellency " they must be permitted to gain a livelihood by em ployment, or be supported out of the rates." The Lord Lieutenant perceives that there mast be a "struggle "in this country in its difficulties, and will be prepared to lend his aid in overcoming it; but, says the chief secretary, "it is impossible that the difficulties which surround us can be suocesefully met without a combined effort on the part of ail ; and he traits that by a gentleman who, like yourself, poe tesses a just influence in the country, an example will be set which will be extensively and beneficially followed." Ats Meeting of the town council of Cork held on Monday, some statistics of the corn, butter, and prct. vision trades of that city were referred to, which must at the present moment be of interest. Returns of the quantities of those commodities have been made up to the 29th Sept. in each. year, from 1841 inclusive, and show these results :-1841. Batter in firkins, 224,507 ; corn in barrels, 435,240. (The return for 1842 is not stated.) In 1843. Butter, 280,907 ; corn, 424,337. 1844. Butter, 279,876; corn, 373,754. 1845. Butter, 257,962; corn, 370,442. 1846. Butter, 433,647; corn, 433,647. 1847. Butter, 249,239; corn, 319,399. This return was accompanied by one showing the quantities of pigs exported. From August, 1844, to August, 1845, there were exported 73,308; from August, 1845, to August, 1846, the amount was 78,224 ; but from 1846 to August of this year, the total exported was 19,510 ; being a decrease of nearly sixty thousand. There was, however, an increased export of cows and sheep. The number of cows exported from August, 1844, to August, 1845, was 5,401 ; during the same period to August, 1846, there were 6,050; and to August, 1847, there were 17,532. The sheep exported from August, 1844, to August, 1845, were 48,744; to Auger, 1846, there were 20,750; to August, 1847, there were 88,010. The number of carves during the same periods were 263, 248, and 204. In the county of Cork the applieettte to the drain age commissioners are as yet only thirteen, and the total amount of the sums applied for about 14,2001. a very small sum, when we consider the extent and population of the county, and the heaviness of the claims which this apathy or neglect is certain to entail on property. STATE or THE COTNTRY.—Two of the peasantry were killed a few miles from Limerick, on Sunday night, by a party of the police stationed at Cehbolly. A tea party had been appointed to take place at a smith's house ; the neighbouring peasants and the police were present. A dispute arose, and blows were exchanged, in which the police were severely treated. The party proceeded to their barracks, armed themselves, and coming back, attacked the people, stabbing one man and shooting another; MIl almost immediately died. The murder of Mr. Roe, far vlids Isar men were arrested on suspicion, le said to have boon tubed as well by the rigour with which he ezessibsdi Ids Na deem as • land lard, as the part he took in during the obis of his late father-in-law, after that gentleman had been shot. This murder has created the utmost alarm throughout the county of Tipperary. The Magistrates have called a special meeting to consult upon it. Mrs. Barry, the lady whose foot was accidentally broken by the overturning of the Cork mail, by Kilkenny, near the Royal Oak, has since died of the injuries received. Tie occurrence is solely attributable to the state of the road at that place, The wail of fever is loudly beard from Renee' and Castle bar. In the first, the people are afflicted; in the second, the disease has, in addition, penetrated into the county prison. There are 10G pstienta in the fever hospital of Nenagh, the largest which it has yet received. In Castlebar severs] of the prison officers have been struck with the disease, and the deputy-governor has fallen a victim to its ravages. The system of " potato-pulling " and " corn pulling "is complained of in Tipperary. Parties proceed at night to the corn-yards and potato-fields, and, dragging the corn from the rick', or the potatoes by the stalks, out ot the earth, carry them off. In one case, a party with horses and carts came at night to Sir Them.. Dancer's rick-yards, and were with difficulty prevented from carrying off a large quantity. The clerk of the Castlebayning union has been easumitted to prison for default in his accounts. For several days past the tide has brought up to the quays of Limerick immense shoals of codlings, ling, and sprats. The people are drawing them ashore with shovels. THE CASE or JOHN K•YE.—Sir,—The Ezprest of the 27th alt. gives insertion to a statement attributed to John Kaye, an inmate of the Mountmellick union workhouse, in the course of which Kaye is reported to have said, " That he and his iick family were sent away in a cart em ployed by Father Greene and Mr. Pepper. When this statement first appeared in the Leinster Express newe paper, I lost no time in writing to the chairman of the ffiountmellick board of guardians to contradict it, as far as it related persinally to me. As the report has been repro duced in the Express, I hope you will afford me an opportunity of freeing myself from the blame of a transaction which in so severely animadverted on by your correspondent. as furnishing a perfect resemblance to the conduct of the Rochdale parish officers. The following explanation of the facts connected with Kaye's case will show that your report is incorrect, as far as it involves me in the blame attached to those who sent Kaye from this town; it will also prove that th e individuals actu ally concerned in this affair do not deserve the odium reflected on them by a comparison of their conduct with that of the Rochdale officers. When the owner of the cabin in which Kaye resided since his arrival in this town discovered that his family wan in lever he turned Kaye out of his dwelling. The unfortunate man came to in form me that his wife and children were then lying in the public street and unable to leave the town, ea they were all attacked by fever. I gave him some relief and hastened to bring has hard case under the consideration of the Fever Hospital committee, which held one of its weekly meetings on that day. It was only in the committee•roora I learned that Kaye had been removed from this town by two gentle men, who had found his sick family on the public street, and to whom Kaye expressed his anxiety to be forwarded to his native place. It is only fair to observe, that the tem porary fever hospital had ceased te admit patients at this time, as it was crowded far beyond the limits of its means of accommodation; and those gentlemen endeavoured in vain to find a house which would give admittance to the fever stricken family. The result shows that they acted impru dently by interfering in the matter, and not leaving it in the hands of the local authorities. That they are not liable to the imputation of inhumanity, conveyed in your corre spondent's remarks, is evident from the above statement of facts. But whatever judgment may be pronounced on their conduct it cannot personally concern me, as I had no con nexion with, nor previous knowledge of, the steps which were taken to remove Kaye from this town,— THolltla GREENE, C.C.—Athy, Kildare, Oct. 5. SCOTLAND. EDINBURG/I, OCT. 6. Road-closing is extending in the neighbourhood of Edinburgh, Blackford hill, where Marmion surveyed "mine own romantic town," being now included among the interdicted grounds thst encircle the northern metropolis. Some men have strange notions of noto riety, and one would think that in some future edition of " Marmion," it would be rather awkward if, after qucting the lines, Blackford ! on whale uncultured Mese, Among the broom, and thorn, and whin, A 1.1.111 t boy I sought the nest, Or listed when I lay at rest, &c., Mr. Lockhart should add a note to the effect that, to prevent turnip pilfering, Blackford-hill was now ta booed by its proprietors. In Perth the shutting up of Glen Tilt has been taken up by the town-council with a spirit worthy of the descendants of Simon Glover. The undernoted resolutions have been agreed to with only one dissentient voice . . . IrThat the counei4 es representing the community or Perth, being now satisfied that the reports in regard to the interruption given by his grace the Duke of Atholl to tourists when in Glen Tilt arc sub stantially correct, are of opinion that such conduct en the part of the noble duke is unwarrantable and illegal, the public having nad right of soma through the glen from time immemorial. 2. That the maned recommend a public meeting of the inhabitants and neighbourhood, to order to lake this matter into consideration, with the view of forming an amixiation to use every lawful means for protecting their own rights, as well at the rights and privileges of those at • distance, or to do otherwise as they may think prudent. 3. That the Lord Prevent and magistrate. be requested to call the said meeting in the City Hall, at y y. A committee of the Edinburgh town council has reported, " Ist. That laymen are eligible to hold the vacant Hebrew chair; and 2nd. That in regard to the eligibility of persons of other denominations than the established church, this chair stands on precisely the same footing with the other chairs in the univer sity." The "precise footing of other chairs" is nar row enough, so far as statute law is concerned, but so far as actual practice goes, the other chairs are at present occupied by gentlemen connected not only with the established but with the episcopal and free churches, therefore, the conclusion of the report sub stantially is, that dissenters are eligible. But, as we before took occasion to explain, the appointment being poverty to a churchman, and starvation to a dissenter, it is probable that a candidate of the former persua sion will be preferred. The immunity from crime at present enjoyed by Edinburgh, as compared with Glasgow, is explained by the extensive transportation of Edinburgh thieves. During the last two years 178 sentences of transport ation were passed, the periods varying from seven years to the term of natural life. Barrington's lines True patriots they, for, ben understood, They left their country for their country's good have therefore been well verified, bat then, as in the case of Glasgow at present, when the cycle of libera tion returns, that is, when the seven years to which a hundred and twenty-five of those criminals were sen tenced expires, a considerable per centage of the number may, unless the new system works miracles, be expected to revisit their old haunts, and thus an augmentation of crime will undoubtedly be dis cernible. In Glasgow the police appear to be in bad odour, judging from paragraphs, d la Punch, which appear in the ail:M Pasaret-no. or Tunvea.—lt was reported yesterday, in town, that one of the housebreaker. who have been so industriously em ployed of late, bad been traced and apprehended by the police. This extraordinary rumour needs confirmation, which 0 has not received, hat we that take rare to publish any further information that may Csc era Oceraamver..—A policeman was observed by several pas. wagers 'away, between the home of 10 and 4, at the foot of thi chanan-attect. Cut the Ihnosfriat Courier match this? Whether the police require such rebates may be matter of opinion, but the mildness of the 0 judicial authorities to delinquents is less queetiott l e r . The fellow who confined his wife for six months in a water-closet, has been liberated on a bail of 151., and this in the face of the poor woman being at the present moment in an hospital in a most precarious Rate of health from the effects of his brutality. While the water company continue tardy in their artistic efforts to supply Edinburgh with the.ptire element, nature has fortunately been propitious. We have had two nights of rain, and never did Egypt 'rejoice more earnestly at the overflowing of the Nile than Edinburgh has done at these cloud falls. Bal conies and terraces, wont to be adorned with jessamine and other flower-pot productions, were on these pre cious nights filled with utensils of all sorts and sizes, yawning to receive the long-lost liquid. Two days, however, will do little to the tanks of the water com pany, and it is to be regretted that in an evil of such magnitude the municipal thunder should have eva porated in the following tame resolution : 0 That the Water Oomparayie req•estrd to employ the police carts sad berm* NM the Nos Nei barrels belonging to such tamers =Wool M da Wolin to carry water for the use of the dodo, tie smart mereity, and that the representatives or the same se se Water Onepters board be moaned to bring this NAME ceder the inneelmee attention of the compusy," The conservative and liberal parties in Edinburgk are squabbling with each other as to which of them have been the guiltier parties in inundating Peebles shire with fagot votes. It really were well if both of them were silent on the matter, for although it is tolerably clear that a conservative began the system, and that his party carried it to the greater extent, yet the liberals followed at no slack rate, and so both are decidedly implicated in a cause not over honourable. Their disgust at the system being so far mutual, it is to be hoped that it will now ter?ninate, and that Edinburgh politicians will meddle as little with Peebles as the latter does with Edinbn,,a, EXECUTION OF TXOII/.8 LEITH. — Tuesday morning, at Dundee, the extreme penalty of the law wet inflicted on this unfortunate individual. Crowds from all quarters flocked to the scene of the execution from an early hoar. It is be lieved that there could not be fewer than 12,000 persons pre sent. On the night preceding, Leith slept little, and at about five o'clock in the morning he rose and dressed himself. Several clergymen were in attendance upon the unhappy man from about six in the morning, and engaged in devo tional exercises with him until the moment that the fatal procession moved to the scaffold. Leith walked up the steps with great composure, and even declined assistance. On presenting himself on the scaffold, a slight murmur ran through the crowd, bat it speedily subsided. After looking around him, the convict (being pinioned) requested • clergyman to take off his hat, whereupon he addressed the assembled mul titude. He remarked that he had never seen so large an as semblage at any previous execution, and that, had he beta tried before an impartial tribunal, he would not have beset in the situation he now was. On the eve of appearing before another tribunal, he solemnly avowed himself luso cent of the crime laid to his charge ; he was as innocent of it u any one now in that mat assemblage, though, perhaps, the unhappy differences betwixt himself and his wife may have led many to think him • murderer. He forgave a who bore witness against him at his trial, and he hoped they would be forgiven by God. After addressing the spectators, Leith stepped beneath the drop, when the executioner ad justed the white cap, and in a few minutes the unhappy man was hunched into eternity. Owing to the shortness of the rope, Leith seemed to suffer a good deal. Immediately be fore the closing scene, a clergyman stepped forward and put the question to Leith, " Are you guilty or not guilty ?" and the convict at once turned round, put his right hand on his heart, and said, "I am not guilty." The parting of Leith with his children on the previous evening was very heart rending. To them, toe, he maintained his innocence. By his own request a cast of his head was taken previous to in terment within the precincts of the gaol.— Scotsman. ACCIDENT ON THE NORTH BRITISH RAILWAY.-05 Tuesd week, while one of the goods trains was on its way from Edinburgh, the engine-dnver, knowing that an ex press engine was followin and rearing that it would overtake him before he could reach m, Dunbar, thought proper to take the train off the main line at Beltonferd, so as to let the exprempass him. He bad succeeded in getting the whole train off the line except one van, when up came the carom at full speed, and smashed the van to pieces. Fortunately no other injury was done. A GAMEKEEPER ACCIDENTALLY SHOT.—On Monday lad, ' while Capt. Townsend, R.N., with Capt. Seymour, were shooting over the lands of Polwhilly, Dumfriesshire, and when about to cross a march ditch, Capt. Townsend slipped his foot lit° a " blind hole "of some depth. Having - last his balance, and being halt twisted round, one of the barrels of his fowling-piece unfortunately went off, and the contents were lodged in the neck of James Wylie, gamekeeper at Cumloden, near Newton-Ste tram whu happened to be standing behind the captain. Wylie fell, uttered a short ex clamation, sod almost instantly expired. Aa official inqtriry was instituted into the circumstances, the result of which has been to show that no want of care is attributable to the captain, who is an old and experienced sportsman. Wylie was a young man, • very exemplary character, and was much esteemed by the Earl of Galloway, his employer. PROVINCIAL. LORD AUCKLAND ARITIVED YESTERDAY AT LiYER POOL from the Isle of Man. His lordship after visiting the principal places in the town, embarked on based the tender " Redwing" for a sail up the river, and would land, it was understood at Birkenhead, to survey the dock works there. ROYAL NORTH LANCASHIRE AGRICULTURAL SO CIETY .—The first meeting and exhibition of this society, under the patronage of her Majesty the queen, so Duchess of Lancaster, and the presidency of Lord Stanley, was held in Lancaster, on Tuesday last, and attracted an unusual number of landed gentry and practical agriculturists. The show of all kinds of stock was excellent, but the urns re mark applies not to the implements. The dinner took pace in the boys' national school, Green-area, about half a mile from the show-ground. At the upper end of the room the letters " L R. A. S." (Lancaster Royal Agricultural So ciety I, surmounted by an imperial crown, emblematic of the patronage of her Majesty, were visible on a lugs scale, and when lighted up with gas presented a very brilliant appearance. The noble chairman (Lord Stanley) rose to propose the first toast, "The health of the Queen," and said : In proposing this tout, I assure you that it given:me great aatiafisetion to believe that in no part of her dominions has her Majesty been received with more en thusiastic demonstrations of respect and affection than in her Cigthrough tits county. Ima man that yea will all grt!at pleasure in drinking, with me, the health of her Majesty, as patroness of the society, for I have to rumours done ust immediate hehonour of air ices.'lll .. At a subsequent stage of the proceedings. Lord Stanliy prc t W he l. society that iety to b her e Majesty esilishhedu under her posed "Success and Prosperity to the Royal Ag ri cultur North Lancashire Association." lie said, •• Gentle men, at this time of day, it is useless to rips loll Mate on the importance of the agricultural interests of this great country. lam aware that this is not the (mea l/on or the fitting time at which to express any opinion on which there may be a difference amongst us with regard to the position in which the great interest of agriculture is placed by recent measures. I have my own opinion on this point; but this is not the time for its expression. But, gentlemen, whether those meuures have subjected agricul ture to unnecessary competition, or whether the difficulties to which it has been subjected will tend to the advantage of another great branch of industry, there can be no question that these difficulties will be no subject of despair, if of ap prehension, but mast, and will, act as a stimulus to renewed and increased exertions. We shall look our difficulties in the face, with a determination to cope with them. And if we are hold that for six quarters of corn we shall only re ceive, in future, the price we used to receive for four, our answer must be, that by energy, skill, and science, we wild make the land produce six quarters of corn where it formerly produced four. I need not advert to the important effect which is produced on the interests of agriculture by agricultural societies generally. All who have watched the progress of such societies know that although they have ne glected much that might have been done, yet within our me mories much has been accomplished by combining enterprise, capital, and science. These societies are of a twofold cha racter. In the first place, they bring together panics who never ought, and never can, be dissociated—the owners and occupiers of the soil—and teach them their respective duties, and their respective positions, tending to a mutual interest. I believe, indeed, that the oftener these meetings take place the better it will be for thou relations that make good landlords and thriving tenantry. I cannot bring myself to look upon the relations between landlords and tenants as mere bargains of convenience. They are founded in much higher feelings. I do not hesitate to say, that as • matter of business and of convenience I would advocate the granting of leases in preference to tenancies-at-will, But while making this avowal I remain firmly of opinion that tenancies-at-will may be conducted with satisfaction to both parties ; and that leases will never be attended with any bentht, unless a right understanding exists between the landlord and tenant." After some fu rth er remarks to a simi lase purpose , his lordship went on to say "Another object of these meet ings is, that farmers may not only have the oppor tunity of conspiring notes as to their respective systems of tilling, which must vary with the nature of the soil and situ ation, but that they may see with their own eyes the great improvement effected in the breeding of stock, and hear with their own ears what scienoe will enable them to do with regard to the economical production of both corn and stock. !do not wish to be understood that what is economical is always cheap. Neither when I speak of economy do I approve of the system —and I believe some of the farmer, in this part of the county are not free from it—ef sending their animals to inferior melee, for the sake of saving • few shillings, forgetting that the additional expenditure of these few shillings might re turn to them as many totrunds. By _economy, I mean that on a given extent of land we shall raise the largest amount of produce at the least expense, and breed such stock as shall, in the shortest period, give the best return—in short, that which will give, in both cases, in the shortest time, the largest amount of animal food. By animal food I do not mean those Australian cattle which are only tit for melting down for the tallow chandlers, but that which affords the most nutriment for human subsistence. I think that the more these societies are diffused throughout the country the better it will be for all classes . and therefore it was with great pleasure that I accepted the office of president of this society, which com bines within dull three formerly existing societies (Lancas ter, Lytham, and Preston). Those three are now merged into one. I advocated a similar amalgamation in the south of the county, on the principle of bringing before the fsnaer models of the best stock and implements that could be pro duced ; and I think that more improvement may be effected in this way . than from any advantage which a farmer may f derive by gain i ng a prize, in a local district, for a very iaL rior animal." lfis lordship concluded with some congratu latory observations upon the exhibition of the morning. The Hon. E. Stanley (Lord Stanley's eldest son), and other gentlemen, took part in the subsequent proceedings. . ------ A QUESTION OF SOME IMPORTANCE TO MERCHANTS AND Sitirowerees was decided a few days ago before the magistrates at Hull.—Mr. Thompson, the town-clerk, stated the case for the complaisant. John Edmundson a sailor on board the Burnt Hair, is the plaintiff ; and Mr. Robert Col linson, the owner, is the defendant. The plaintiff seeks to recover the sum of 121. lla. bd. as a balance of wages. The first item sought to be recovered is 3!. 128. for oil money, being at the rate of es. a ton for IS tons; 19.. for skin money, or Is. per 100 for 1,900 skins ; and 1.55. for fish mosey. Mr. Collinson, the owner, sent this vessel on a voyage to Greenland, with the intention of delivering whatever was caught at Hamburg. Previous to the vessel starting Mr. Collinson read over the articles to the crew, as follows ; —" Te proceed from Hull to Greenland or Davis' Straits, and there to catch whales or seals, to take the produce to Hamburg, and to return from Hamburg to Hull." This agreement was signed by the whole of the crew. The voyage has ter minated at Hamburg, owing to the former owners petting in a claim for her, whereupon the crew were discharged at Hamburg on the 31st of August, and the plaintiff arrived in Hull in the Helen BPGregor, on the sth of September, and claimed payment up to that date. He went to Mr. Col lision's office, but Mr. Collision was at Hamburg, and he could net be paid. Mr. Collision arrived at home on the 14th inst., and was applied to for the wages due up to the sth of September. Mr. Collinson said, "You will find by reference to the articles that the voyage was to end at Ham bars; therefore, I have discharged you at Hamburg, and you are not entitled to anything more. Moreover, I have paid 10s. each for your passage money from Hamburg to Hell, and I shall deduct that sum from wkat would other wise be due to you up to the 31st of August." The crew, how ever, are not satisfied with that, and considsr that they are entitled to be paid according to what was atated in the articles; for if it is not stated in the articles thht they were to return to Hull, Mr. Collinson read them so. Mr. Thompson then proceeded to cite portions of the Mer chant Seamen's Act in support of the complainant's ease. He was proceeding, when the magistrates having retired for a few minutes to arrange some business out of court, Mr. Thompson said . I am happy to say that during your abeam I and Mr. Wells, the solicitor for Mr. Collieson, have coma to the conclusion that there is a balance due to these menet 5!. 711. 10d., without any dispute whatever, and there NM three items subject to a dispute, which I say ought to be added. The first item is fish money upon ijie ... and then we say that being illegallydoeb el l* ~ on the 31st of August, we are totaled to d . -;, NI period we were so discharged until the date 4 which Is September 14, at the rate of is. r ee' N ... .4: j •••:. ....1 ril i *IP ~.i t . .,....:e V N. t)