The Express. — London, England, 1857-02-06 00:00:00

TINIS. R PUBLIC sad Os TRADE w resitadsd list Gm IIItIPPWID millb dr IVO IWO IMAM m g Wks. 1 .14 0 ca. assooaPe rs iOnst. wrimsbarrs rows. ftrevone•wia. r DAILY NSW LENT a TO ILIA D. tome 11 . 1 L, b a i l inor ; ILEX r ItilM4-The s rIBLIC sad MALIN = ia Mk rstSallinali" UP1111811.41 , PUBLIC sael TRADE OUPPLIICI trisa4. br • gad: rAt i rairt D 1•111 - TITO - UAD M IIt libm monis e*' expreoo. TO CORRESPONDENTS. EAliddiadeal• Imaged ter . Ts issaws.. bowies bides lam t be id Ur 011186, S. 8M by TIIO OVINIt is the day d guards& AAAAAA ET. Tan gym.. TM LADY Or LYONS. W. Wade.* imi W. ranm.• DaroulY. M. OvtilMs.—AM pmiamlmA, sargyd TIM SAW $S TIM WOOD. IL Mame. Yams. Yale/ W W. Dam; MIW 1. WrIML-08mmme• MT. TIN Wilms, A lIIINIUNININA DINAIL—Aad ALADDIN AND TIM lIONDINFUL LAIIP ; ge. llarluvals Orb et Ye Dis. Mara Owned. R&M% amd trio. Ls O.A. LYCIUII. Two Till ■GO MVIIIILIVIIL WINIlso—W poasolow. 00 YD♦.ND WIDOW %. Woors.Tootollar. OM; Ohm irodor. C. *MIL sot lad• —Low sowa we O. NURRIT. To VINO% A BIRD IN TIM HAND WORTH TWO IX HAIILIQUIN AND TIN MN/IRA= Wm., AWL Dodo" lot Ur nib raming; mdair&—D•Aes egos all 11•41.• L HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Ts Dwr -Wafts. IL Maw. M. MIL fe.staiow—lismag. 1,11.6200. nl. NM. LONDON, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 6. In commenting on the statement recently made at pins meetings, that the wages of agricultural Mown, in many English counties are eight or nine shillings a week, we spoke interrogatively, fearing to exaggerate the evil, and knowing how difficult it is to obtain reliable information in regard to agri cultural wages. In consequence of our remarks a good many ads lime been supple' to us, which Uwe no halt whelevar se to the remarkable, the demi dilleamse mists in the con dition et fees Lbw la dilheint parts of the It appears that, Ia the great agri. Ward conntics of Hareffork Wesmokr, and Glou cester, wages have maid time dings (carters having ten) only bemuse flew um lbs. a bushel ; ad Ile• the hi et him left pm bid is the elpial he Mob( meow le aeon or ems all. It agleam that Sere, as la mew of the emigre memlies, wipe ere net isimmW Ibe teality of the bbeweoser am lig fa dismil kr li o lat by the prise st posidisaa, and the umber he slimily. The old KM of Amen sewn to le car (shift there. Their ham made • Jostle of megeNllll pear rates, glen polik wile ou pidipiawhii meseraged awash lmelwdy, and ismehemes o sod paid wages out of tho aim The nee our seise and lower wages wig to the pries et leer, giving enough fe ern wafts affirm and nothing else, paying the =awl lei madam elate, falling back on the ass sot dpavios Is dr are of the labour ing &Ilk dIIKONWthe oihisf burden of the parish poverty ea the emell alsgbeepre. They are sure of their retelledien to swim ways. Their frsbtg menet he good maw sea a system; their iwwtr air woodbine, easil Sir game ass tat at a their poor rates ma high ; ate the &gimp= mast oonswwwile tim ed= tir dogs es thdr paying memo, flerlmilashle bum the litesime. la =me eallghlb owl &Ws% wow Aim le team her aid Ihe relation lilmee• mad employ* are ewe semisl o the etal ie geetlee-- fannies, &Owes labsems—do ai tar saw tier that the steams ight elm. lbw he hei pared in a dey ken me sentary le smether, er fves a warmest to • mew country. The dilleamse im, without say smommolha, like this. Two beam biggest le be parted in sedy man bode the eller wookileg in his native osodhern emir. sol s :t i mer si = m bto the meeth, when the elempaw Illeallsamtegeetemmil audebeetimegglegalemig eremem ass air guild tit bet with wimp Asa esrvise WWI& Wk 11, 7 marrise had a well-tandied adios, sad a =mow elllll the bank. IA wale sobs, ad laimeadars, sad mask simmi is the aaigitbaullsod i , mai Ibera was ell security of emir* wed ander the wig et the gnat family of the pada. Dais hey years the man worked so heed, milli com disey diminishing comforts, that at sixty be is lowly worn out. lie has paid 51. a year rent, and till quite lately poor rides. As long en possible he kept a pig, and mainly supported it, and partly fad the children out of his bit of garden ground. It wee the garden which helped to wear him cat, after his full day's work, and an a declining dkt. The children came East, and the money closed itabsr end faster oat el the beak. The cottage tel out of repair, and the average eandition of the household deteriorated, so that of twelve children only eve reached maturity ; and the eldest of them wan an Mkt from an asoldeat which held her in taking care of the little MN while alnicat an team herself. The !lbw now bank, and would not pee* as he knew bb melgileeas did ; and he was pied ass ewe* by lir way. sad dblisiplibeil 4 a cadillemis ibiZlseigit up Ide Ilmag vlasaf aid km hi s Bat art the Me was he sand Ae keg se he add he pve dinner to lie gieurep sees wits they woe in need. near'; dim not to marry, far ° llf was toe kad ire a hinny man in doss parts. Sig vassenied the sons were put off with the lowest wages going, sad were wan of being dismissed the ant, in time of meat meat. The elder ewe bad gene to school f: X year.; bat times were too hoed to allow the Oiler the no advantage; sad the Misr (himself alb le read his Bible) did Dot lured the ease, as he mil act cos that the 'Ask," had honied again eseral, while his labour in the Geld weal have less meat valve during those years. Of the two - daughters sae wee adopted by elation; other married, and sank very low is poverty. all this time the father's yoga hod varied seven and twelve 'Wings a week. Be Lthe \ loi T ias DAILY NIWIt LOW' ON MOWING Pa2= .l. .raimpa IL, M ild . 1311 % ths *nom el em**** WI la . is Omni{ lin el lb mod sow-as Os ass= . ll: 1.11 IL. awl iniiellisl4l6 pp* MO 5 lIIIJANIVS. INTAVAL, am II S IT Miggh WO= elli IN 11111.111MV 1 ADVIIIIIIIIIMS. n II Y 686.*** WM* W *me Or due iletisatlessolon. *di a dim* ma piles a* V et eirobit a l ri. aumMes kW*: at M F• 4 3 mom ft amobtoi s lretStrist Omni 14 sem T NEWS FORWARDED to dr ODUN 'tii Mat OW KW 110. 0 . /011 Y. ak vow Amara" Ilervelot• lam agr. r' --- THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 6, 1857. considered the average to be nine, with intervals of suspended employment amounting to two ot three months of the year. After the merits of a new heir to a great estate, there is always more or less nervousness among the labourers dependent on the agents. In this ease, the young gentleman's inquiry was into the ages of the long-settled laboarers ; and those who were sixty or upwards were reduced to six shillings a week. Our hero was one of these; and his earnings fell from that to three shillings sad two. Even now, with his infirm wife and the idiot daughter for his domestic companions, rheumatic and feeble, his effort is to keep out of the Union, while his neigh bours are talking all around him of liking the winter the beet of all the year, because they are warmer in the Home, and never hungry. He cannot praise the neighbourhood—there is so much trespass for fuel, so meek poaching, so much stupid drinking, and the shopkeepers are so sharp, and their wares so dear; and the employers are so hard. A stranger would tell him that the tiller) is inferior, and the quality of labour such as would be refused else where. How does he live? Why in constant dread of dying in the workhouse after all. The parish allows some weekly loaves to the household; the clergyman's family are kind; the sons give help when able; but it is very little. The inde pendency of the old couple is gone. They are shockingly grateful for aid, and this is enough to say. Will any one say that this is not a rather favourable representation of the lot of the labourers of our southern counties ? Will any one say that such as this should be the life of a virtuous citizen in our country and our time P Will any one say that such is necessarily the lot of the agricultural labourer under the condi tions of our country and time ? Let us look at the fortunes of the brother who migrated in time to • district less favoured in regard to agricultural condi tions, but where other circumstances were of a higher order. . . Beginning with twelve shillings a week, of which two went for rent, he made some savings from the outset. His wages rose to thirteen and fourteen shillings, and stopped at fourteen, with a good cot tage, and freedom from rates. In that region the poor rate is so low as to be a very small considera tion—perhaps three shillings a year to the cottager. Where farmers have discovered the virtues of good wages they have little poor rate to pay. Once a-head of the world the good fellow never sank into real poverty. He has drawn his last shilling of savings more than once ; but he has never asked for time at the shop, nor pawned his goods. His cottage is, to be sure, of the substantial kind seen in stony regions—built to last some centuries, and to need little or no repair. On the other hand, a garden does not answer, nor bees, nor, till all fear of the potato rot is over, a pig. His work is enough for him : in other words, ho is worth to his employer at least a man and a half of the sort he left behind him. Ilia wife makes a point of his having meat every day and he is never without it. His boys are sure of work for life, if they work like him ; and his wife and daughter can always add to the family income by taking in washing and sewing. His Sunday black suit lasts ten years, and his winter great-cat always looks well. An American clock is in his kitchen, and he carries a stout silver watch. Three carts of coal, costing three guineas, and three of wood, are his yearly allowance; and his evening dram is a cup of hot coffee. It is impossible to say what may yet befal him ; but there is now no prospect of his having to present his claim upon the parish. Ills spirit is high, and he has other reason for that besides his entire independence of other men's purses and tempers. lie is a tem perate man in a district where good wages have their frequent effect of inducing self-indulgence among the uneducated. His home is more comfortable than the public-house; and be naturally prefers it. Now, these differences are far too great to be reasonable. If they were fully known, they must cease to exist. And not by striking an average between the ex tremes. The yosnger brother's wages are not high for the work he does, and in comparison with the pay in other occupations: and really good farmers say they could not afford to pay less, because it is ' their interest to favour the good condition of their labourers. If the facts were duly known, the lower wages would rise, and the higher would not fall. If I any employer has doubts whether nine shillings a week are not " enough for labourers," let him ask men of his own order in Ireland, in Scotland, in our beet tilled northern counties. We will engage that the testimony will be given in favour of one well fed and cheerful labourer rather than two half-fed and cheerless ones. In the most sordid view, it answers best to provide at least as well for human la bourers as for live stock. When the employer'searnibrt in life is further considered, it comes to the choice between living among well-clothed and contented neighbours, and among grabble who hang about the ' public-house, fire stack-yards, and spoil preserves, or else go to the Union because an honest man cannot live out of it. Something must and will be done ; for it is thoroughly understood that there is now no surplus of agricultural labour in the country for the average of the year. Our great and increasing improvements in tillage, while enceerag• log the introduction of agricultural machinery, at the same time increase the demand for labour. The table, besotted labour generated by the short sightedness of farmers will not answer the purpose, and may have to die out in its present condition ; but the agricaltaral interest is not dying out. but altoge ther the centrary. It has never been so much alive, or in so premising a condition. It will raise the quality of labour to meet its requirements; and in a little while the condition of the labourer will hardly anywhere fall below its present 'tato in the best farming districts. But in oar old-fashioned counties the condition of the peasantry is really in sufferable ; and if there is hope--as we are confident there is—that publicity may mend it, we fad bound by 'yin eoseldsration to make the Sets known. The picture, that we have presented are so true, so thoroughly ordinary, in fact, that half oar readers may fancy they know the very men. As representative, if not imbibe! ass, we weld wish that all our resales be* them. There would be the better change of " a geed t;ime coming," when the clown boned paper woad he only a traditional or exceptional ponsnega, and a prosperous peasantry a conspicuous mar la the "fracture of British society. The siskirot of the Ustreplitan Bard et Waits ic z i b i z e w it the NV" le &Lima eler= i nteeSZ Web. B. NA Wrillighilaa. Led SAM des. li.T Or J Ye Er J. MMP. n Alamos 3 y& *. MIA ,1111. P., W. A. Windom, r —, asy rfarsi4 chaleur et the Uhl . *.q wise wow lb* pat • pmt. About moat, pailima ei ism ti• Tis lootemou. loam or Lomow.—At the mmibly ` /mod =Am LAI yeekalti, at the society. bestea n lidtag of alaineadamt, la the W. D. Chalk latg: MCMdma awl la Oa and MINIM IL W. My* W. C. leWl7. Iczier L. T. Ca., WIWI gemearai a. Omahas lar the ; awl Deases. Ms Carla, J. L. lissisib, NM , sad J. wa r , 11L.D.,as ameoposage arab= d Or aitisty. Arm ihs dinar maid k Ilhe mon WOO ar i a = 1 gersi k A:=6, irk IA flu Court. WINDSOR, ha. eS. Prince Albert and the Prince of Wales skated cal the ioe in the Home-put yesterday idernoon, 'Mended by the gentlemen in waiting. Mural °Moors of the girds= had the honour to join their royal highnesses. The Qum, areempanied by Princess ' , soden, of ILoben loh►Laoambargh, and Primer Amelia of Hobenlote tichMingthrst, and attended by the Indies In waiting, us present. The bend of the lit Life Guards played a election of favourite airs during the gating. The following visitors srrived to the afternoon:—The Dub of Cambridge (emended by Colonel the Hon. J. Mac donald), the Doke of Newest* the Marquis and Mar- Weems of Bslisbory, Lord and Lady Manley of Alderley, and the Right Hon. T. Pemberton Leigh. The dinner company in the evening onsprimed the visitors staying in the Cutts. The toad of the Coldstream Guide played during dinner : Oveitore--" rest " - - Liodpalither. Pacetni. Fotri•—" L Vaitth V also—u Fair titer" Seisetioas—" Elantirsmide " • Oles—" 'graham Von Duna" Her Majesty's private band afterwards attended, and performed: _ _ Overbuy (Op. 14 Trio, and Cl 11 oruo--" 60•110111" Euryantlos" The Queen sall Prince walked in the groiands et the Castle this months& Loed Ernest Bruce, Vice Chamberlain, arrived from Lon don, and presented the address from the House of Commons to her Majesty in answer to the speech from the threw. Rev-Admiral Sir Masten Stewart left the Castle for Imam. The Bight Um Sir Benjamin nail arrived in the after -0006. The fourth dramatic performance at the Castle took place this evening. Shakapeares play, in Ave acts, of " King Richard II.," was selected, and the parts were filled aocording to the Mowing programme : KING RICHARD 11. King Richard II Mr. Chu. Kean. Edmund of La/481 (Duke / Uncles Mr. Cooper. of York) to the John of Gaunt (Duke of King. Mr. Walter Lary. Lancaster Henry. iumnened Bolingbroke) (Duke of Hereford). win to John of (J aun t, 1 Mr. Ryder. afterwards King Henry the Fourth Duke of Auntie, son to the Duke of i Mr. Brazier. York Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk Duke of Surrey Mr. Raymond. Earl of Beliibury Earl Barkley Bushy ( Mr. Holliston. Begot }Creatures to King Richard {Mr. Warren. Ore® Mr. Busby. Earl of Northeuribarbed Mr. H. Mellon. Henry Perry (hie la) Lord Boss Lord Willoughby Bishop of Car l Mr. H. Bulls,. Sir I.terce of Extols Sir Stephen Scrimp First Haddam Second Gardner Grooms __. —..--- Mr. Cormsrk. Qu to Illat ow thbeml U. Mr.. Chas. Kra. Name et Dears et Took Miss Desburongh. Lady attanilly b iT e ll_s Clianan... Mr, Charles Kam Aisislost Dirsolor—Mr. Gwen I.llis. The theatre ammopel and the sonny riled by Mr. Thomas Grins. Shortly other algid drink her Mo/way the Queen end the Priam, Ma the Primo of Wales, the Princes. Royal, aid the Mar portion et the royal amity, entered the t ic heerrellials, kid b, the Duke at the Duke of Mme.- coneb, the NM Mesehimere of , Lied mod ‘ ie lliondey Allastm the llfght Ras. "r Benjeseia the Right Ha. T. Pmehorenolmigio, Min Drummond, end biles othl geethemon In ationdeme. The yerthommee Immeillethly ammeeerE The mehmere vemem ether MeMetee primes bind. TM klowtsi bad the r of essolvinge ie be preen* :—Tbe &b rim lIILIMar eel Memo Von de Worm the Hon. A. sad Lily Ilionlet Vanes, Lady 01111166111 Anson, the RIM Ha H. sad Lady Maarliskarrien, Sir Henry and Lady to. John , Ihrolonent-Gennul Mr Thome and Ludy WWI% the Rev. Seymour ?falls, Mrs. and Kim Cure, Mr., Mr.. mod Mks Hayford, Mr. end Mrs. C. Barnett, Mr. end le. Ithereno, Mr. A. Loath Melville, Mr. Romaine, CIL, Mr. Ithadmid, R.N., Colonel Parker, connuanding OAP, Limirerst Onevenor and Itah-Lieutenent lion Sey mour M ir lar Oudeht.t....tornerne t-Coh Lrd inel Cocks, Ma* , mod I lMalommt Duller (2nd Battalion C01d .... Mum ), Lady Cerullo sad NW Barrington, Colonel Ilea.N. end Lady way Ilea{ Cathedral lady Emily Bey mem, C.eiteel the Hrs. C. M., Ilee end Wm l'hipys, Cap. Mb end lea. T. Beyer, the Men. N. rbbps. Captain Ho& D. sad Lady Mitheth de Rem Lady Oillierir Egerton, the Dean of Woodmen_ Mt Gomm and lathy Grimm Was end Mr. Cooper, Mr Mew, end Mr. Gibbs. A &potation thee the asming-soar Brilc Compel. e animate. Whore Few, Wee Ckt end Shutt (=), Mr. Jolla Weed (selleiter), Mr. P. . B.ly (en gineer), and Mr. Oftrae Cum ) bed sa interview with the Richt Ma Wr yeetadny et the Office of Pahl* Wee* Sir Alesaadm Weeesma led ea with the Chan cellor et the inehmear pawky M hie elkisl madame is Downinr-street. The Judicial Camille, WI the Privy Council Ni rater der. The er .r ilmen the Preragetive Court, "Bator T. Prams sad " wee madam& Lard !ammonia hid a Inner rely on Weiss* at hie radians la Delannweamen The eimpay %dulled Sr Wasp liteas, Mr. Warm* Camel llesemoy, Celead Don des Mr. sod Indy =min& Dmann, Wk. mad lbs. Haien mid Omni Ramsey. Ihepseehm was mat hem Um CaloniskWee yeetadsy to the Clememer 011ie Cape et Heed Hope. Lord Panmure bad a dinner party on Wednesday, at his rosidosc• is Belgrovo-spoire. The comrsay 'nebula* Mr Hoary Storks, Mr. Bower* Col. Roomy, Col. Dondaa, Mr. mad Lady Eliaabolla Dusan, Mr. and Mrs. ELb, and Capt. Roomy. Another reunion took place in Ulbster lion, Edin burgh, ea Wade'slay nosing, under the anapkes of Pro /err sod lira. Aitotto. The address of the visaing woo delivered by Liete - tenent-Colosel 'hanky, th. subject Icing °thralls, sad it. Environs" The nxotoplideed speaker lunneereely enured his regret et the ciao that he bad not boa able to anbellieb hie WWI by say anion to Nary Queen of Reels; deo hie sidiefeetica that he bad not required to put say of their deemed encesieve is the pillory. A committee el gentlemen hie been formed in Luz ire the purpose of arranging far the presentation of a to the 800. Sir John Pyre Wood, Bort. The Right Hon. R. A. N. Hamilton, M.P.. has firmasa a &mike cilol. to the fund kr the Franklin monioneed. The Bremforri Memory says Mr. J. Biggs, M.P., La remind a flattering but just acknowledgment for his kindness to She Turkish soldiers daring the late Crimea was. It will he remembered that daring the wet trying part et the eszepairs Mr. niggle pieced at She &spool of the Todd& General sedan of hosiery sufileient for 1,000 seen. Let week, we understand, Mr. Bins received a gold sand box, set la diamonds, with, what be considers still more sa lvable, a letter of warn seicnowlsdgossat frost the Saban for Wm sioxiabloo pat." The appointment of Mr. Bevan as judge of the Caswell County Not, mutes a vacancy of the recorder- Alps of Pa lath, Hike. sal Piesmace. At s seetisird the Edinburgh Royal Physical Sudety, ea Weilerlay, II wee resolved to memorkike ga mines* MD perehed Yr. Mesh =see valuable coneetke, Mhe died * the sow ltelleaal liaised sow la the entree et hemetisa b Idlabergh. TIIII ar ywr X.isT says The Rev. Imes /n W, ILA., te ach et the Paw* Ron* eat author et the 'Theism Dews et Histay and Charities; died in Oleagew as the II& larrier, while oa a Ask he health. He tree a salve et Oleepter, est 'lodise' at the Ilaivuelt7 elms. The kin belt of lie Mime epee la Larks. He edited tie Amur Horrid tom SO eesauererr►" Lest week, W. Ewer t, ltag., M.P., fseverda the uniabas d th. Litwary and UMW Lasdhilsa, Devises, with s betas" x " as ilemtbsd by Ithww/iL" Thus was • highly reweetabis ••••••••• On 'Neerlei, in the Home of Gloom, Mr. Moshe Maw will neve, al ea swombweil le Kr. Row beoWs motioa, "that desist ommilleit OS Wildiparta, tics vie& let beet year be weettdee4 owl Ibet it be ea lastaseliea to kwadd cemillee to bob, Ye mei moat von to. but mesa of peeowieg kteeeeeiff impleyweat ke ilieeberipell primaries; eel Art Ilk Neekedi be wild to to. Toner, the great painter, left by will I,ooot far a mammal te IJe meaty fa et. Rea It to be • ..noteri, sad the sniper anemic nanto It is Ur. li'Donli, LA. All tin onnias noidloni is Links Idle an End Assindchns rat Is caspling LATEST INTELLIGENCE. NT OF TILE AGRICULTURAL EXIIIBITION. (IT BRITISH AND VIMAKINE reLionAri.) PARIS, FRIDAY MORNING. An official notification states that the Government, recognising the justice of the complaints that the date previously fixed is too near at hand, has decided that the Universal Agricultural Exposition shall not be held this year. STATEMENT OF TILE PERSIAN GOVERN- MENT. The official organ of the Persian court, the Journal de Teheran, publishes the following article in its number of the 24th of December last: = From the commencement of the difference between Persia and England it has never been the intention of hie Majesty the Shah to discontinue his friendly religions with the cabinet of brisket or occasion hostilities with that power. The l'ersien government has already several times mani fested its good inteutiuns in en official manner. its lino of residua has been subservient to this ann, as may be MU by its seta. On the one hand, the government gave its ambassador the mission and the full power to owisult with his Excellency the English suitswiedur at Constantinople fur removing the digerance in a way conformable to the dignity and interests of the two governments. Under these circunistances, he ex pected, beta one day to another, to hear the news of the honourable removal of the difference between the two an baseadors, and the return of We friendly rotations between the two government*. Ox the other hand, the Persian government expresely forbade the authori ties et the frontiers to imamate° hostilities with the English troop*. Per the same reasons it abstained beau larking the neweaary preparation upon the frontiers, even at Began:. The letter port has always contained two ailments iu garrison, commanded by the map Mehemet- Ali-Eton, who died mum time ago a netural death, said by tie will ot heaven. It ass after the death of dm oummander of the prawn of Durkin., that the cenituandee of the English troops in the Villain gulf, without conforming to the establialied rule ;Awaking known the declaration of wee to the reprftentalivte of the court of Persia, ur of at least him self waking previous declaration le the Prince Faunas sib-111eam, Governor-General of We province of Pare, min tented lunmelf with writing a letter in very vague terms, which he sent te batters and other porta neer that place, and which letter was sedaniptnied by a journal relating to the declaration of war by the Lea India Company. The billowing day the imiumander in question landed hi■ troops, and made himself waster of the fortress of Bauman, which was only guarded by a very email wander trfcratclai (mane arnaed with muskets) of imaguistan., From theme ho turned toward* Mahan., which be seised without strdung a blow, the Persian troop. nut having received the orders end the permission of the government of the Shah to oppose the English troupe. A despatch from Alexandria, dated the 24th ult., says ;—" The English are about to occupy Mobamm rad and Bender Ali, two towns in the Persian Gulf. Bender-Abbas, an important post on the coast of the kingdom of Persia, being occupied by the Imaum of Muscat, an ally of the English, will, it is supposed, be respected by the latter." The Bourn Gazette of Berlin says :—" We have received some information concerning the recent note from Prince Gortchakoff to the English cabi net. That note, which was delivered last week in London, and communicated to the friendly courts, declares, as already stated, that Russia is willing to support the demand of England relative to the evacuation of Herat; but that she cannot approve of the other claims of the English cabinet, the conse quence of which would be to unduly weaken and humiliate Persia; and that she would not on any condition allow England to obtain the accomplish ment of them by force. This communication comes to us from so good a source, that no doubt can exist of its exactitude." POLITICAL PARTIES IN SPAM. Our Paris correspondent sends us some interesting extracts from a Madrid letter of January 31, written by an experienced statesman : The elecilons ere coming on, and we have no liberty of the peen, nor even any indivitlual liberty. It is all a farce. The government is not content with sweeping out of the way all that does not suit it, but openly attempts to restate things to the state in which they were before the general revolution of 1834. It Is notorious that the l'olaeo party, oho with Count San Luis at its bead, was then in power, drew up electoral hits from which the armee of electors hostile to themselves were excluded, while they put on many who had so right to vote at all. Well, it is from theme very voting lists unrevised that the coming elections will proceed. As to the liberty that will be granted to the electors, hire la a specimen :—. 4 Two liberals lardy presented themenvei to the prefect of a very important department (which I think it prudent not to name), and asked permission to convoke a meeting of their political friends to consider what course they should take at the elections. The prefect replied that not only he would not give them the desired penahnion, but be wanted them they would be expected to canvass for the Ministerial candidate, whom he should take care to nominate when the proper time came, and that if it MVO to his cars that they did otherwise, he should, in concert with the cuptain-anaseal, declare the department in a state of siege. For his own part he wee fully resolved to transport to Canary Islands any man who should dare to agitate in 6vour of the liberal candidate." This is the state in which we are, end you moat observe that the prefects have the tidiest power to expatriate any man whom peewee* they may Judge to he " incompatible with order." The " moderates" govern as after French principles—but exaggerated, more immoral, and more barefaced than thew which ere acted upon In num. AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF TILE NORTH AMERICAN. (DT 1111TMEI AVID POl (TILO)1 OWX LloaAre.) >air.) LIVERPOOL, FRIDAT. This morning the North American, Capt. Grange, belonging to the Montreal Ocean Steam Company, arrived in the Mersey. She left Portland Dec. 24, with twenty-seven Futsengers, but no specie. The North American passed a Cunard 'teenier, bound west, on the 30th ult. The Atlantic arrived out on the 23rd at New York. The Senate, on the 22nd, passed a bill granting aid to the American and European Submarine Telegraph by a vote of 29 to 18. Contract authorised on the same terms as agreed to by the British government. The war has been renewed in Florida. General Harvey had withdrawn the flag of truce, and do clared war against the Indians. The weather continues intensely cold, and com merce has been greatly retarded by trains being frozen up, and ice on the canals and rivers. Trade dull at Portland at previous rates. NEW YORK, lAN. 23. Money easy, and lcss active. Bales continue steady, and stocks dull and heavy. Sterling ex change quiet at previous rates. Ashes unsettled. Cotton firm. Plour a little euier. Wheat better. Inclisa earn unsettled sad inactive. and _ pork improved. Lord closed firm at advanced prices. Sugar steady. Iron brisk. Freights to Liverpool firmer—Cotton, Id. per lb. dour, 2a. id. per barrel; grain, 7d. to 7141. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (ram ova OWN PARIS, THUZSDAT BVVRNO. The uncertain language of the Queen's speech with regard to Neufchatel, which I noticed the day before yesterday, when the speech arrived by tele graph, was not used accidentally. There arc symp toms that the matter does remain in an uncertain state of which Switzerland has just reason to com plain, and English diplomacy no reason to be proud. The Presse expresses astonishment that Lord Pal merston was unable to throw any light upon the present state of the question, and notices that the Swiss journals again manifest apprehensions. The language of the Berlin government prints has pro dseed • very bad impression in Switzerland, and i t is feared at Berne that the immense responsi bility which the Federal Council has taken upon itself will be difficult to justify to the country, in the face of the present attitude of the cabinet of Berlin. The Boursewas dull to-day, with but littlecariation in prices. The Rento closed for cash at 67fr. 90c., with a rise of 5c., and at yesterday's price, 68fr. 15c., for account. Mobilier fell 22fr. 60e. Rail ways continue to be depressed by the pros pect of the new tax. With the exception of Lyons, which, owing to an augmentation of receipts in the last week of January, was in demand, and closed at yesterday's quotation, all the lines fell. Western fell 20fr. ; Northern, Bfr. 76e. ; Southern, 10fr.; and the others from 2fr. 60c. to 6fr. It con tinues to be affirmed that the fusion between the Orleans and Grand Central is effected, but the fact is not yet official. The long-announced reception of M. Biot at the French Academy took place to-day, M. Cuizot making the customary speech to the new member. The saions of the Hotel-de-Ville were thrown open last evening to a numerous and brilliant assemblage, comprising a large sprinkling of the corps diplo ntatique and the elite of Parisian society. The guest of the evening was the Persian Ambassador, who was accompanied by the principal members of his suite. After being formally introduced to Baron and Madame Hausmann, Ferukh Khan was con ducted through the ball-room to a reserved salon from which he presently emerged, and went through the principal rooms, with the brilliant and tasteful deco ration of which he expressed himself much struck. The dancing commenced immediately after his arrival, and was carried on with unflagging spirit until an early hour in the morning. There were very few foreigners present. Ferukh Khan wore his high Astrakan cap, a Cashmere pelisse trimmed with fur, and black trousers, with a gold stripe; around his neck was the portrait of the Shah set in diamonds, and the hilt of his sabre was orna mented with precious stones. ITALY. The Bourse Gazette of Vienna, of the 30th, states that the lost despatches received from Count Col loredo, the Austrian Ambassador at Itomc, confirm the account given of preparations being made by the Court of Rome to introduce the administrative reforms recommended by the Western Powers. The Austrian troops are to stay in the legations until these reforms are completed. Those at Parma will leave at the same time. PRUSSIA AND BERLIN, TuritioAT, Fan. 5. The ministerial journal, the Zeit, doubts the news of the Bund, relative to a proximate Conference at Paris on the affairs of Neufchatel. It declares that no negotiations have yet taken place between Prussia and Switzerland. The King of Prassia, intends, it is said, conferring the order of Hohenzollern on fourteen of the prinei. pal royalists of Neufchatel, lately set at liberty. YET RUSSIAN SISTERS OF MERCY. In the Journal de 81. Petersbourg, of the 29th ult., we nod "we lades to comply with a request which has beat been made to us to publish the following letter, addressed by a French oiliest, prioressr in the Crimea, to the Sister Nina Orsberitsehl, of the Exaltation of the Cross. This letter is equally honourable to the Imam, and to ha to whom it is sent: Marine. and very dear Sister,—At the moment of set ting sail to return to my country, and while preparing to bid a kat farewell to this Peninsuk, bedewed with the blood of me many victims, and where I have im often flood death, I cannot take my eyes from the summits of Sebas topol, where, wounded and captive, I was confided to your esre. . 'To-day, when my wounds are healed, leaving but slight traces behind, the pain that I suffered returns to my memory only as an uneasy dream, but the good which you have done, and that which I have seen patented by the Sisters of the Exaltation of the Cross—rerealsw en graven on my soul and heart as the most living of realities. How much do I not owe you? I lost the use of my right band, and you wrote for me; I could not est last with the greatest difficulty, and you mumbled my food sa a tender mother does for her little child; I could not walk, and you, regardless of cold and rain, over broken and marshy ground, ran to anticipate the smallest of my wishes, or even caprices, for where la the patient that has them not ? finally, I was empties and away from my native land, and your enlightened charity proved to me that the Christian's country extends as far ek he can find brethren; in a word, you were my Providence, my guardion angel. ' When weans of climate led to the evacuation ef the ambulance, I left you with regret for Simpheropol, when I also found reedy and benevolent attention, es much on the pert of the local authorities as on the part of the persons attached to the hospital service, and yet— was it simply an illusion ?—the figures seemed to me lees prepeaseming and weever, and did net 'em smiling and gracious until the Sisters of the Cross strived, shedding wound them the sweet perfume of a con tagions charity. The Sequent visite of these ladies were our greatest re lief and only diversion. Many times in the day our eyes turned instinctively to the Asylum of Tsranoff, opposite us, and when many of your good Sisters, wounded or sick, in nocent victims of their too ardent charity, IMO being natal. We could see them, scarcely convalescent, seeking to anticipate the moment for resuming their painful teak, by preparing lint for the wounded. " Amongst the numerous maniples of pious charity and modest devotion, of which daily we were W 111110116% penult me to cite ono that caused a profound sensation amongst um: —We were one day speaking to the Sider Marie of our lively interest in the Sisters of the Cross wounded at Sebes- topol, when that good Sister mentioned the young personwhe accompanied her as CM of the victims, and begged her to show us a mutilated hand, which she fantasied under bar *wins with such a natural and mien air, that in her many visit, to no we had never detected any constraint in heehawing. The poor child limbed in her timid purity while allowing us ts see a wound of which the bravest soldier would he proud and bought. What a beautiful lemon of modesty had been given in there withent our knowing it! The very august sal pane Primer, who emembled you kr the relief of so many sublimates, ought to be happy sail proud to see bar wort en well understood, and so pamperer's. May she find in it a solace for her sons Sans ings and bee betel grief. " • Tour Christie' merits are above the rewords sad we ar al this world; we can bear witnees to them, bat it heksge to God sloes to give them their tree glory end recomposes. Be mewed, my very dear Slater, that sty parade and I win retain the geetioss recollection of your good deeds, end that oar wider sad payers will be with you always sad every where. 7 . I eel with the premed letter a liUle gold mead repro- seeding the Virgin. And I bog you to join It to the cruel which I left with you before quitting Simpheropol. "'Deign to accept for tho good sioera of the Cerel, all ed whom I regard as my bencLictre,.ce, Madlle. and rte deur Slater, tho easuranco of toy pr , foundeat moped and deepest gratitude. " TAstmin TETUSIYNE."• THE SHAH OP PERSIA A-VD HIS cour. The Inde , pendance Beige contains a letter from Constantinople written by a traveller just rewind from Persia. Some extracts from it will be interesting at this time. He says that, except the palace of the Shale, the city of Teheran, the modern residence of the court, has no mono. menu or buildings fit to be compared with those of it. de. send rival, the once magnifiecut city of Inpahan. Its susses and houses era lean beautiful and regular, but they exhibit more life and movement. The population amounts to 60,000 ' soul' and the Shah maintains f ur his body guard a corps et ten thousand regular soldiers. Nessr-od-Din (such is the name of that prince) is the sag of Mehemet Shah by the Queen Cellist, of the Kadjar tribe, and is the grandron of Abbas Mira, whose reign van of 93 Lira manic, but whom, unfortunately, Persia IliinnenOta for too brief a space. The present Shah in in the very prim of manhood. liis carriage in noble, hie education ban hem well attended to, and he is not de fi cient in knowl e dge. P er . eian and Turkinh languages err fiiiailiar to him, and we era informed that ho has learnt both French and English. It ie also said that he is pretty well acquainted with hiatory, and that be has a correct ides of the relations in which he stands to each of the European powers. Although endowed with a certain energy of character, ha in mild and gentle, and simple in the habits of his private life. He is often aeon visiting the high dignitaries of his empire without any parade, and deemed not more pomp. tuously than one of themachtroi. During these visits hp wears a surtout of Cashan silk , !lonely resembling in its make the tunic worn by the French troops ; it is fastened it the waist by a girdle having a diamond clasp ; below this frock-coat descends the trousers of silk or cashmire and Inpahan white socks. As for the heed-gear, it is what all the Pendants wear, the so-called Fordo, being a cone-shaped bonnet of Astrachan fur. . iiiidgietof the great solemn when the most potent Shah-In-Shah of Iran 'ramie his throne, to receive the homage of the ambassadors and of his own subjects, be dis plays all the pomp of the Eaet. His purple tunic Is resplendent with the Mara of diamonds; hie head sad breast are covered with them. On ouch ootenan occasions the diamond km,. (mountein) and the diamond daria (rag) sparkle on his um, with denting Bathes of light. In his band is held, like • sceptre, the Kaliolott pipe, all glittering with precious stoma and pearla—for this pipe is so eminently national that it has been made an essential pert of the Shah's regalia. liceased-Din rime very early. He breakfasts at eight o'clock, and at nine his prime minister conies to confer with him upon the affairs of the day. This task over, the vizier leaves the divan. Then the endemics begin, which his Majesty grants to any one who bas a complaint to make or s petition to present. The hall set apart for these audience,' is in the form of s vast square. The floor is covered with a rich Kleinman rarpet. The walls and cornices are covered with gilt Kroll' and arabesque.. All round the apartment hang framed engravings illustrative of various armee in the career of the first Napoleon. Here you are the Emperor on his war-horse, and there you see the episode of Monterrey*, in which be is represented in the act of pointing the gun. Further on is a erne at Waterloo, painted by %mkt ; then come two mints, one of Aboukir, and the other of Trafalgar. At the bottom of the hall there is a table, on which are ringed in order a bronze statuette of Napoleon 1., a terrestrial globe, and eerie= fancy During the audience, the individual who is admitted to It stands respectfully before the Shah, with naked feet, but with his head covered. Franks alone ran obtain permission to keep their shoes on. Etiquette requires that the strictest silence should be observed. Every one waits till the Shah deigns to address him, when ho bows and solemnly utter, these worda, "Beni-Cable:dem, bell-Courbam-Shouem" (yea, centred the world ; yes, it is I who am your sacrifice). If you have any papers to present, you hold them high raised Wan you unlit a pithkewet, or groom of the chamber, fetal's' them and consigns them to the Shah's bands, an set which he performs on his know. When the Shah has dismissed the assembly, he attends to other bulimia or take his pleasure. At en o'clock he dines in the mac ros (inner apartments) with hie family. I have been Informed that he has sometimes admitted to his table the great nobles of his empire. It is not only towards his subjects that the Shah evinces so much affability—he take. delight in receiving foreigners also ;he like. to quota - ion them about the euetoms =dualist of their several conntriee. His good will is shown to all Christians, but capecially to the French. His father, Mehemet, invited sevevel of them to hie court—M. the Abbf Vidal, aa a private tutor ; Messrs. Roger de llamas, and M. Ferrier, for the „ TiTee of training his Mops in European tactics. The B Hoosier, Captains Holmberg; Chair vet. DoLunsrre, ohne, and Cary, were also engaged es military instructors. M. ae Denim was created !par-nyder, or chief of the counts; M. Ferrier was made adjutant-general and chief of the staff. In this post be succeeded Colonel Billie; who wished to return borne to Fromm and who left behind him the most honourable wrwroirs, not only amonget bill own countrymen, but the PC1141411, AS well. Charged with the re-ormunwition of the cavalry, Genctral Ferrier performed this task with all the meows that could be expected from a radical reform applied to people not adequately prepared to receive it. The formation of the corps of regulars encountered very great obstacles. Tha Fenian conscripts had to be denntionelised before they could be turned into European infantry. All thin required time— fora reform of that description cannot be accomplished in day. Unfortunately, by dint of intrigues and foreign influence, all there officera, one only canted, Gen. Semite, of the engineers, were aeon compelled to quit the service. It le much to be regretted that • stop was One put to the course of progress which had been commencsd. But that the efforts already made were not wholly lost is proved by the recent siege of Herat. The Persione who in 1838 and 1839 could sot take that city, took it in 1836. As at present constituted their arm is still very imperfect: their infantry can only gee through a few simple manieuvres, the Artillery Is groggy defective, and the cavalry alone Is somewhat respectable. Indeed, the Shah is seriously intent upon effecting the reforms which these several arms re. qthw. He Is making every effort to introduce them and in doing the same thing for the reorganisation of his But the &mediae and deficits which were produced in this important branch of tho public gervice, by the deplorable ad ministrationof the former ruler,lindjeo Mina Agaad, ow? not be remedied and made good in a day. WRECK OFF HOLYHEAD AND LOSS OF LIFE. AND BRITIAII TELIOILAPII) LIVERPOOL, FiamAy. The morning the Sallie, Capt. Giron, from Bor. destu, bound for Liverpool, la • total wreck near Holy. bead. _ _ The captain, mate, end twelve hands ere drowned ; °nig two ere saved, and it einot expected that much of the cargo can be recovered and got on shore. The Renee Brilannique states that M. Lcdrn• Rollin has Wt London for the United States. --- The Bank of England have intimated that they will henceforth, in the ease of each of their customers as keep their drawing aecounta exclusively with them, cease to restrict their discount accommodation to bills not having more than three menthe to run. Long bills will therefore be received from these parties in the Name manner as they are received by private bankers from their customers at such rate. as the state of the market may from time to time render expedient. Mr. John Sheepshanks, acknowledging an ad dream from the chairman and members of the Birmingham Society of Artists, expressing their admiration of his recent munificent gift to the country, oboervea If it is not Ira. pertinent and intrusive, I should a ish to offer a testimony to the great kindness sod liberality of the government in accepting my tiger, with its conditions, frankly and without hesitation. I hope my collection is only a small nucleus of what may be expected from the voluntary contributions of artiste and amateurs. The first step—that of providing a place Si to receive such gifts—is accomplished entirely to any aetiefaction, and this morning (tho 2nd) I executed the formal decd transferring the whole of the pictures sod sketches to the custody of parties duly authorieed by the Mewl of Trois." Thee fdlombig new order in Chancery come. into operation es the 19th, vie ftereico of all write, nodose. annmemase, Mars, warrants, rules, deetuuenta, and other sot upon the r:e=lthroby7 hil allrett before echo: 1 7 1 Z the milk emit ea drallsys, when it shall be side be fore ewe edge le the adenoma, and if made dew woe eolith in the swim at say day except earielege, the write shill" ilorod es re it on the IW•whig ad a y irl tf rode star tee edosk la the afternoon es , the monk* tied be deemed as mete or the Ibtlewleg IMAM) 11l 1849.-1 n 1849, the Wards of Wort wee ipsateir ierepoitoted by irseivoey sad okreltrier, their dada idegalei Ie ettaways, ever, or tries, awl et wary essivors, who Iri to Reed and bake maleeillnermotialis warm of outdo air their midniforse There wee se Wile der to made poeriotor awl premmt, no ankh* et disylre fte fruits of his toil to isemzege the Wad? otska Isnulat, insecurity of tills the reldita fermi, even in caw where the = i 2 idelferode et eretoolaptred.. The inevitebladadad ill erre—dadotweet al Mom and Industrie& sint.thele a Nelda Illehomer at action and infirmity of pop= vine emompt demo of the portieres ; rosy tal=gort edlt. dada Medislamis hr aliffirt— Mb ma um in esti meonre is t=tom" oertLre, brut of dame theardtre, of the Mere, while dr Gram ppind swept algtoort hides " Irvine • isiorery: k of hi 14