The Express. — London, England, 1851-10-14 00:00:00

o f age, who have been expelled from Rome, because, it has been discovered that the elder of the two was p r aised for his bravery dining the beige by one of the m inisters of the Roman republic. LONIBAlt1)Y. The Milan Gazette publishes the following notifi cation :—" In order to give the inhabitants of the Loinhardo-Venctian kingdom a proof of the paternal solicitude of the imperial and royal government, and o f th e unvaried clemency of our august sovereign, count Ra oetz ky, ha s , his Exellenq Field-Marshal iII virtue of the authority his Majesty has been plecmd to entiust to his hand'., directed that all persons not belonging to the army, who aro now undergoing punishment for political transgressions of minor im zance, owing to the state of siege, shall receive a p a rdon, provided their punishments, whether directly inflicted by court-martials or mitigated by the presiding officers, do not exceed a year of simple military arrest. In consequence of which all civilians now in prison under the circumstances defined above, shall immediately be set at liberty. .• The Military Commandant, Count GYULAY. " Milan, Oct. 8, 18:51." The Milan Gazette, in giving an account of the pre , int menacing state of the rivers in consequence ! of the incessant rain which has been constantly fall ing in Lombardy for these last two months, says that the Adda has already reached the highest water mark, and inundated a section of the high road near tielvetta. The roads from Chiavenna to Splugcn, and from Como to Lecco arc also under water. the rivers hirembo and Lambro have overflowed, and the Melia threatens the same. The lake of Como has risen with unexampled rapidity, so as to reach the highest water-mark of 181 1, at the time the new canals for the discharge of superfluous waters were nut iii exi%tenee. - The Milanese journal, II Tesoro, has been sus pcmkd until the cc-sation of the state of siege, fur several articles against the Attstrian government. Two SWIMS. The o . ffieial Journal Ow Tiro &olive gives a statistical account of the cases brought before the civil tribunals of the kingdom. They amount to 47:156, including commercial suits; the number of decisions is 46,320; of appeals to the upper courts, 10,195; of ditto to the loner, 12,111. 'there were besides 211 forced expropriations. iUtiC.INY. The ('ustiticionalcOifloeCnCC states that, in con scspunce of the new postal regulatiuns stipulated with France, Tuscany will henceforth receive letters from Paris in live days instead of eight. FLORENCE, Ocr. G. Tuscany is just now a political stepping-stone from the constitutional liberties of I'icdmont to the des potic atrocities of Rome and Naples; the principles of government which sway it occupy, like its g phial position, a middle place between those t Orit more powerful neighbours, although, unfortunately, not such a one as might be termed aft's& milieu, fur it stems to be every day declining towards the retrograde barbarisms of the south, rather than aspiring to the enlightened liberality of the north. edo not, certainly, observe in the actions of the grand ducal government that reckless spirit of fero city which prompts the King of Naples to chain his prime ministers below the level of the sea, or urges meek ecclesiastics to guillotine, shoot, and condemn to the galleys the most talented men of their domi nions. The Tuscan uatine, "tolerably mild," does not admit of such excesses us these, but, on the other hand, it must be confessed that a thousand under hand, lk ttifogginfr, vexatious modes of promotion arc adopted to drive the partisans of constitutional Frio , iplis into despair or exile, and to crash in the bPle*i1111" of the moderates all those reasonable hopes which they have hitherto entertained, from the eon seimsoies.s of their own attachment to the sovereign, and the recollection of the risks and sacrifices they went through to effect his restoration. Such men as the %Noises Ilartolomei, ltidolfi, and Gino Cappelli —in fact, all the leaders of the constitutional party— are, directly or indirectly, attacked by the reactionary government; and if such a system continues, the re sult will inevitably be here, as in the Papal States, that the members of the most moderate and reason- able line of policy will be driven beyond the bounds of endurance, and either sink into political nonentity or pass over to swell the ranks of the republicans, and become the determined enemies of monarchy in anv Amin. It has now become evident to every one that the constitution of Tuscany, which, although at present a mere dead letter, ha; not yet been formally also- Balled, must finally sink or swim with that of Aus tria; and it is expected that the return of the Grand Luke, who will probably have received orders on the subject from the chivalrous young Emperor (to follow the favourite appellation of the government papers), will prove the signal for an official renunciation of the institutions of national guards, personal liberty, parliamentary representation, ministerial responsi bility, and the ninny other ills (in the opinion of despots) which a constitutional form of government is heir to. It may be easily imagined that such a pro ceeding, although not unforeseen, w ill be extremely unpopular, and productive of the profoundest fet lings of disgust amongst the thin 'sing classes. Well may Lord Palmerston congratulate his electors on the peaceable superiority of British liberty over the armed caution of continental tyranny. His lordship's speech has been enthusiastically received in Piedmont, and has made so much noise abroad generally that even here the public journals have reproduced it, pru dently castrating, however, such passages as might otfeal jesuitical sensitiveness; for instance, that part in which the religious intolerance of Tuscany, Home, and Naples, is openly reproved. The editors of go 'remittent papers in despotic countries never sully their columns with remarks to the disadvantage . of their superiors ; they breathe forth only expressions of admiration unmingled with reproof, and, like the poet's courteous preacher, Never mention hell to ears polite." Religious intolerance is again predominant here, and the growing . spirit of protestantism is combated by inquisitorial rigour on the part of the government. The Swiss protestant minister has been definitively prohibited from preaching in Italian. Count Gniceiardini was recently convicted of having put forth protestant doctrines to about a dozen of his friends who met together for the par pow, in consequence of which heinous offence he and his auditors are now languishing in confinement in the prisons of Volterra, with the exception of those who preferred banishment, and had interest enough to obtain that commutation of their sentence. An English gentleman, Mr. Walker, was arrested about six weeks ago on a similar charge, that of protestant Prollagandism, and although his period of detention was but short, owing to the immediate and spirited remonstrances of the Hon. Mr. Scarlett, British chargC d'affaires, the unfortunate members of the family with whom the offending conversation took place (a conversation which Mr. Walker affirmed to have been utterly uupremetlitated) are still in gaol and likely to remain there. These arrests and con demnations are by no means according to the tenon of the law, as laid down by the constitution, but are carried out by arbitrary police resolutions, termed promise) economc°, a sort of economy which gene rally proves fatal to the interests of the prisoners. This specks of abuse of power was abolished by insolence the slots , , but has been lately resumed by the reaction ary government, and th e of the police has greatly increased in consequence, to the pmjudice, in several instances, o f British subjects. there was, indeed, such a simultaneous burst of complaint from British subjects, about six weeks ago, that it ap u if an intentional and systematic attack had tcel4,7dmade upon them by the government agents. There was the case of Mr. Walker, to which I have just alluded; that of Mr. Newton, the architect, who, was collared by the police in the town of Volterra, whilst he was looking about him and making some inquiries, and then imprisoned for having made a Iniviete remonstrance against the gendarmes' con duct; and th a t o f C a pt a i n Hare, his brother, and the Honourable Alfred Stourton, who were roughly handled by the police in the streets of Lucca, and subsequently dragged off to prison, and grossly in sulted there, for having ridden their horses too fast over some tabooed portion of roud. These ag gressions have given rise to complaints of uu juet imprisonment on the part of Mr. &nrlett, who has been promised by the government that a strict examination shall be made into the conduct of the gendarmes, and that their di-missal shall ensue as soon as their culpability prosed; but the Tuscan authorities are its slippery ss eels, and it requires great fi rmness and patience on the part of the British charge d'affaires to hold them to their bargain. The Lucca affair is now before the regular tribunals, and an excellent ads°. cate has been retained by the three English gentle men. Many witnesses, amongst whom is an Austrian ofliccr, attest the brutal and uncalled-for violence of the gendarmes; but I shrewdly suspect that they knew pretty well how far they would be hacked by their superiors, and only acted in compliance with their wishes. The case of Lord Aldborough's sons at Leghorn is still wrapped in mystery. Their trial was brought to a conclusion on the 13th of last month, and the papers were forwarded to Marshal Itadetsky fur inspection. Hitherto no answer has been returned; probably the Emperor's visit to Lom bardy has so much occupied the time of the all powerful marshal, that he has not had leisure to enter into the merits of the affair. Whatever sent ence the Austrian eourt.martial at Leghorn may have passed will remain secret until it has received the approbation of the superior military authorities, so that the future destine of the Messrs. Stratford depends in reality upon the fiat of the veteran Ra detsky. From the time of their arrest up to the date just mentioned, the prisoners had not been confronted with each other; the three brothers being separately confined in cells adapted for eight, so that each has seven companions. On the 13th they met together for the first time since their arrest. Their health is tolerably good, but they rather complain of the meagreness of prison diet. Their ultimate fate does not inspire their friends with much uneasiness, as it is supposed that the Austrian authorities are not desirous of implicating themselves with the British government, nor is it thought that the revelations brought out during the trial are such as to warrant extremely severe measures, even if the competence of an Austrian court-martial to pass judgment on British subjects, in countries not belonging to Aus tria, were to be recognised. Meanwhile the Dragon British war steamer, is still at Leghorn, watching the progress of events. One thing is certain, that is, that the unfortunate Tuscans compromised in the affair will be visited with the utmost rigour of the law, the government being very glad to have an opportunity . of laying its hands on so many of its enemies "at one fell swoop." It is worth mentioning that the person suspected of having played the spy, in the case of ' Lord Aldborough's sons, has just been rewarded by being appointed to a government situation at Porto Ferrajo, in the island of Elba. On the 27th of last month the Austrian military tribunal at Leghorn condemned five men to be hung, and one to be sent to the galleys, for murder and robbery ; but, in con sequence of no hangman being forthcoming, the sen tence was commuted into shooting fur two, and im prisonment for the other four. The two culprits were accordingly shot through the back on the morn ing of the 3eith, by a platoon of Austrian soldiers, in the presence of-ten thousand spectators. The garrison of I.e.,;horn is about to march to Florence, and will be replaced by a regiment of Iluthenes, who will not hold much treasonable communication with the inhabitants, as they . speak neither French, Italian, nor German, indulging in no accents but their own native Sclavonian. The garrison of Florence is to march northwards, much to the regret of the officers, who will have to burst the silken bonds in which they have hitherto been held by the ladies of the foreign' society, for the Florentine fair 011C8 consider it unpatriotic to indulge in any such pcnchans. On Saturday, the 4th inst., the Austrian troops attended mass and paraded the streets of Florence with vic torious oak-leaves in their shakes, in honour of their Emperor, it being St. Francis's day. The citizens of Florence are just now occupied, or, I should rather say, unoccupied, with the municipal elections, for the electors met together in such scanty numbers on the first experiment, a few days ago, that the proceedings could not be carried on, the erections got being legal except one-third of the electors vote, whereas hardly one-tenth of them presented themselves. This must not be entirely attributed to political indifference, although the Florentine bur gesses arc not quite free from such a reproach—many abstained from voting because they are disgusted at the trifling liberty of action granted by the govern ment to the municipality. The ministers at present in power are jealous of every institution which has anything resembling a popular origin, and they therefore do their utmost to thwart every measure calculated to reflect credit on the municipality. All decisions of importance arc caucelled by the Prefect of Florence, so reducing the sphere of municipal action to the narrowest possible limits. Nut long ago the municipal council decreed a reward of six zee:chins to one of the city guards, who had saved a man from drowning in the Arno. In stepped the Prefect, however, and blackballed the decree, on the ground that the council had no right to dispose of the city funds without the authority of government. Again, when, in imitation of the Piedmontese govern ment, that of Tuscany resolved to send a body of Tuscan workmen to the Great Exhibition,"the munici pality of Florence voted a sum of 1,000 lire to wards their expenses, but all in vain—its zeal was again checked by the government veto. No wonder, then, if the electors are indifferent in coming to the hustings. If after three trials a sufficient number of electors are not forthcoming, the nominations will be made by the government. It is a singular feature in the present state or Tuscany that, whilst the strictest censorship is exer cised over daily journals and periodical publications, the press is free as far us regards books. Guerrazzi's apology was published on the day before yesterday, and such was the public curiosity touching the view he would take of bygone events, when writing from a prison, that almost all the copies of a large edition were bespoken. The work does not appear to have met with the approbation of the constitutionalists as vet, for many members of their body are severely lashed by Guerrazzi's lawless pen. Indeed, it is apprehended that, had it been otherwise, the author would have met with more opposition from the pri son authorities than he has done in the publicatfon of so important a book. Oualtieri's new work on the recent "Sconrotoiicriti d'halia" is a noble pro duction of a very . different stamp, and likely to form a valuable addition to the history of these times. Another singular feature in this country is the par tial state of everything, the comparative liberty en joyed by some districts, whilst others arc still in a state of siege. I was surprised, on . passing through Pisa and paying my accustomed visit to the Campo Santo, to find a new monument in it, near the spot where the massive chains of the port are hung 111 trophy front the wall. It is very difficult now far any one to obtain permission to erect a monument or to get a resting place for his bones in the hallowed quad rangle of the Campo Santo, and I should have thought that such an inscription as the following would have been rigorously excluded in the present reactionary times. On a marble slab a vigorous arm is scalp hired, grasping the banner of Italy, beneath which is engraved " Albert Acconci, Alexander Ceecherini, Peter di Lupo Perm, Francis Lotti, Titus Matteoli, Professor Leopold Villa, ltanicri Poggesi, and Joseph I Solimeno, went from Pisa to the war, and died for Italy ; 1848." Underneath is a cross and a wreath— e touching and simple memorial, but one which would never have been allowed to meet the public eve in the dominion* of the Pope or the King of Naples. There arc strange rumours current with respect he. the abdication of the Grand Duke, the details et which I will send you in my next. THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 14, 1851. SWEDEN AND NORWAY. The Stortlingswereaxediniih 30th, at Chris tiana, by the Stadtholdcr, in the name of the King, with the following speech: Good Gentlemen and Men of Norway,—You have brought to a conclusion the thirty-third ordinary Storthing, with its prescribed business. With zeal and diligence have you profited by the time you have been together, and I ac knowledge your efforts to serve your country. Many of your resolutions have tended to the amelioration of public institutions. Ily your resolution on the subject of railroads you have responded to the confidence in which I called you together. This affair, so important for the progress of Norway, lies in your hands, by which you may obtain a title to the gratitude of the coming generation. The grants of the Storthings to the resources of the empire and to other objects of common interest merit not a less grate- i ful recognition. You have sympathised in the hopes ' of an increase to soy family, which, if Providence should graciously fulfil in answer to our warm prayers, it might be for the welfare and the blessing of the kingdom. Provoked by the spirit of an unquiet time, some irregular persons have occasioned disturbances in some few parts of the king dom, which have been suppressed by the public authorities. I deplore the necessity of the exertion of power, but trust that general security and peace will render all such acts in future unnecessary. The times are pregnant with great changes. May the kind heavens preserve the kin,:doin from convulsions, which so easily destroy the prosp rity and happiness of nations! With this wish I take my lave of you, and remain, good gentlemen and men of Norway, to all of you, individuaily and collectively, with all royal grace and hearty good wuhes, your king, °SCAB FM). Dux. GERMANY. PRUSSIA. BERLIN, Ocr. 11. The reception of Kossuth in England forms ac tually the chief subject of all the papers here. The two tacts, the reception of Kossuth and the reception of Ilaynau, give the German people—indeed, all the nations of the Continent in general—a very true idea of the real national feeling of England, with respect to the conduct of the great powers in setting themselves up as enemies to all popular advancement. It has been said, it is true, that the insurrection in Hungary had no aim towards liberty and progress; but the same may be said of all the efforts of Poland to throw off the yoke of her oppressors. The cause of national independence was, at least, at stake in both cases, which demands sympathy. Besides, there are generous antipathies as well as generous sympathies; and antipathies against Russia and Anstria are emphatically of this class. The recep tion Kossuth meets with in England is owing to the disgust Austria inspires as much as to the admire lion precedent career, as chief of the Hungarian insurrection, may itself command. The German ministerial papers crc out against the English government suffering this demonstration of favour towards a rebellious subject of an allied power. They would fain break out into vitupera tion, both against the government and the people, where such blasphemous acts against the sacredness of despotism can be committed ; hut their mouths arc stopped, and their pens halt before the fact of this atrocity being committed by the most obedient people under the strongest government, because a popular one, iu the world. A stupid malignant ad miration makes them gulp back the venom they are on the point of expectorating. They console them selves, however, by despising, and praising France for repuLsiug the rebel from her shores. It is most gratifying to them to see a nation that has made such immense sacrifices for freedom forever relapsing into despotism ; as it at once proves, they think, the impossibility of establishing civil liberty on the Euro pean continent, and the absolute necessity all conti nental governments are under of ruling on arbitrary and repressive prineiples. But both in the case of Haynau and of Kossuth the English people have proclaimed another lesson, and the practi• cal, shopkeeping, prudent, calculating people, have shown the most enthusiasm for gene rous causes, the most disinterested abhorrence of oppression and cruelty ; and this not from a spirit of rebellion and revolt, but from a sense of justice— to outrage which is to outrage them. The German people will be greatly edified by the honoum Kossuth meets with among us; and German governments much more reason to be alarmed thereby, than by all the pretended conspiracies hatching, they say, in London, by the wretched fugitives they have driven from their own homes. The withdrawal of the two Prussian provinces from the Build greatly adds to the difficulty of ad mitting the non-German provinces of Austria into it. Not onl)• is the precedent on which Austria might rest with some confidence by this measure annulled, but the means by which Posen and the province of Prussia were annexed as was deemed to the confederation, are declared to have been ille gal, and cannot therefore bo again resorted to. By a vote of the I.'nuere Rath, this supposed annexa tion took place; and if such a vote for the purpose had been held to be valid, it is evident it would have been much easier to obtain it for the incorporation of the crown lands of Aus tria, than it can be to obtain a vote of the Piettum. The design of Austria, therefore, to bring her eastern possessions into the Bund seems to be hopeless; yet she shows, if one may judge by her organs of the press, no disposition to relinquish it. Ifer only re maining hope must arise from the answer the Frankfort Ihet has given to the protests of England and France on the subject, and also from the evident willingness Prussia has, till lately at least, mani fested to concur in the project, for an equivalent; that is for the alternate presidency. I told you some titno ago of an intention on the part . of the Prussian government to change the or ganisation of the Prussian army. An initiative step towards this end may be detected in the Militar Wuchen Itittlt of this evening. The Ist regiment of Landwehr Reserved Infantry is not, when its term of service has expired, to be disbanded, but is to be kept up (dropping the name of Landwehr),_ under the denomination of " Regiment of Reserved Foot Guards;" and both the Chian also to -..cards;" anu t.ntan regiments are belong no longer to the Landnehr, but to be conti nued permanently on the footing of disposable troops. - The position which the northern powers will assume towards France in the anticipation of the possible events of 1852, on the election of a new resident for the Republic, begins to be much talked of in political circles. On this subject the most perfect understanding, I learn, subsists between the three great courts and all the minor courts. There is no purpose of any direct interference in the internal affairs of France, as long as her affairs do not assume a military or a propagandist aspect. The determination of ltussia, Austria, and Prussia is fixt d only so far; viz., to uphold what they call order in Europe, and to proceed to no overt nets till they re ceive overt provocation: that is, till order may be threatened or endangered. BERLIN, Ocr. 12. The mission of M. Duvergier from Paris to Berlin is thought to have a deeper meaning than its osten sible one. lie is commissioned to make a report to his government on the financial and commercial sys tem of Prussia; but the renewal of morn intimate political relations between the Elysee Boutbon and the court of Berlin is, it is intimated in political circles, his principal object. lie had a few days ago a long audience of M. - Manteutfel, when he received full explanations of the Prussian policy in entering into the new customs convention with Hanover. Hitherto there has been very little mutual commu nication between the French republic and the Prus- sian cabinet ; the utmost reserve towards France has been maintained naturally by Prussia. France has many times attempted to remove this reserve, and especially to detach Prussia in some measure from Austria, by insisting on the common interests that should unite her more closely with France and England. The answer of the Diet to the protests of England and France against the incorporation of the whole Austrian monarchy into the Bund, in which Russia concurred, prove, however, how obstinately Prussia adhered to Austria. But, as the French and English policy are becoming daily more and more anti-Austrian, it would seem that Prussia is beginning to see that to follow in the train of Austria would compromise altogether her independent position, and that therefore she at last determined, chiefly to ward Austria off, to withdraw her new provinces from the Bund, which she accom plished by the decree of the I)iet of the 3rd inst. It is now known that the Prussian ambassador at Frankfort, M. Bismark Schonhausen, had instructions to declare, in case the Diet should not have excluded these provinces from the confederation, that they were already in fact withdrawn from it. Prussia a by this measure is doubtless to strengthen purpose by position, fur her possessions out of the Bund give her her full weight as a separate European great power, and in this character, should the government of France settle into strength, she will be drawn towards France and towards England by much stronger interests than she can be towards Austria and Russia. The city council (Burgerachaft) of Bremen, after a long debate on the 9th inst. with respect to the altera tion of the law of election, in accordance with the decree of the Bund of the 23rd August, came to the following resolution : As, according to the communication of the Senate of the 27th Sept., the city council learns that the efforts of the German people to convert the confederation of states into one confederate state have failed, they are of opinion that a return to their old federal relations and laws forms the only sufficient means to Settle German prosperity on a firm bass. The city council recognises the fact of the present existence of the o'd Diet. In consequence of the communi cation by the Senate to the city council of the resolution of the Bond of the '23rd Aug., the senate has required of the city council a careful revision of those parts of our constitu tion and of those laws which in their opinion may not be in harmony with the laws of the Build, without having res pect in this revision to the 95th article of the constitution, which prescribes the mode in which such alterations as are required should be effected. The city council cannot, from the resolution of the Build, infer any such command or re quirement as is here imposed ou them, but maintain that the legal mole of proc.q.,iing in this matter is prescribed by the Blind. Acting according to law, the city council, on the 17th September, appointed a committee to examine the law of election of members to the city council, with a view to a revision of the same. They beseech the Senate again to no minate members for this_ purpose, and hope for a speedy report thereon. They believe that the object of the Bund will he beat carried out legally by appointing a committee carefully to examine what changes should be made, and therefore name the following persons to accomplish this tusk. The names follow. AUSTRIA. The letters we receive from Vienna, under the date of the 10th, inform us that the ministerial crisis was at an end for the present. The new con stitution will, it is expected, be promulgated shortly. The Emperor of Austria left ShiMbrunn on the 10th inst., on a tour through Galicia. DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES. So far from the question of the Duchies being settled, it seems that the dilatory proceedings of the Danish court have elicited a note from each of the great northern courts. These notes are said to be of a threatening character, insisting on an early settle ment of the question at present pending in view of the European crisis expected in 1852. The Fader/mat t says that an answer to Austria's threatening note was despatched from Copenhagen on the sth instant. The rumours of a ministerial crisis arc revived, and the Hamburg papers go so far as to say that MM. do lteedtz and :%:olktc are about to leave the cabinet, M. Jilliselt being appointed in the latter's stead. However, as it has been agreed to postpone in the Chamber all political debates on the ministe rial question until the 16th of the present month, it is evident that all rumours of change must at present be idle. Our correspondent, writing from Berlin on the 11th, says: " There is a real ministerial crisis, it appears, in Denmark. The occasion of it, according to reports worthiest of credit, appears to be this. About eight (lays ago the whole cabinet adopted certain resolu tions with respect to the relations to bo maintained bitween the German duchies and Denmark, espe cially touching the connection of Holstein with the German confeucration. These resolutions had been submitted to the king and acceded to. So much being accomplished, the mvjority of the ministry with fright shrunk hack from encountering (the cor respondent of the Prcosisehe Xcitung sa'-s) the con sequences of their own determination, which they have not courage to lay before the imperial Diet. The relations of the German duchies to the confederation, their relations to Denmark, and the first principle which Denmark must needs insist upon,—the real integrity of her empire, —indeed, form a complica ' tion of questions which sonic bold decision can alone solve. But courage fails, or prudence interposes; hence tho embarrassment of the Danish ministry. Yet it may be that no change will take place at all. Time, may continue to be the order of the day for a while longer. The Danish question is about the most puzzling one to diplomacy on record. Though a speedy settlement of it is desired by all parties, it will keep open, and wont bo closed. It is obstinately bent on baffling all parties, and finding a way out of its own." BRAZILS. [IfT ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.] SOUTHAMPTON, Ocr. 14. Arrived, the Tay, with Brazilian mails. She left Rio on the 14th Sept. The Emperor opened the Chambers in person, on the 13th Sept. The news by the packet from the River Plate, was considered favourable for the Brazilians. Admiral Grenfell was blockading the rivers Parana and Uruguay. An armistice had been proposed between General ()rib() and tho Brazilians for seventy two hours; but, as the terms offered were not ac• opted, hostilities recommenced at the expiration of the time stated. On the 2nd Sept., notice having been given to that effect, General Oribe had raised the siege of Monte Video. It is thought Oribe will be obliged to fly, as his troops arc deserting whenever opportunity offers, and joining the standard of Urquiza, who is coining in great force. lle has been retarded in consequence of heavy rains. The Buenos Ayreans fired on the Brazilian squad ron on its way up the river; several shots struck Admiral Grenfell s ships. After thirty shots had been fired the Brazilians returned the tiro and silenced the fort. LA PLATA. We rcnd in the Ansratal ths IPrre : By the SyrZile, which has arrived at Bordeaux, we base accounts from La Plata, which giro the following details of an execrable act committed at Colonia by one of the generals of Oribe. On the Ist of August the national guards of Colonia had dared to manifest their joy at tho departure of the troops of the garrison commanded by Lieutenant-General Moreno; at the same time they did not conceal their satisfaction at the news of Generals'Urquiza and Garzon having entered the Oriental territory. Tho agents of Moreno sent information of this to the general, who was encamped at a distance of about Silt leagues. As soon as this ',their had received the report of his spies he came back to Colonia at the head of 400 infantry and 200 cavalry, and gave the signal for a general massacre ; Moreno, to stimulate the fury of the troops by his example, slaughtered with his own hand a young man named Napo limn Sires. Frightful incidents accompanied this scene of carusge. The ears and noses of the victims were cut oft; and iu some instances their skins were cut into shreds. Amongst the victims was n young French artist, who was amusing himself fishing at the moment when Moreno re turned to Colonia ; two of the band were dispatched to massacre him. LATEST FOREIGN EXCHANGES. P. 1318, Ocr. IS. For Yoe. Account. money. I Optcrine Illignert. Lowest. C'oclng I— S per Crate. 5 per Cent' lO 73 1 Ul 0 61 10 50 SO SO6O 3 per Cents New Loan ... • ... ... ... i ...cr Ctnts. 16 par Ceuta. ti per - Ce - nts Exchange on London : .5t elght, 25 25 190 daps, 2571. Retsina 5,18 W Do. 3, 1852 Do. 4i Do. 2; . .... . .... - ... ~ 1 Tr:asury Bonds Piedmont 5 p.Ct..... 70 10 ... H ink Shares _ _ .. PAIIIB, OCT. 13.—Versadles (eight bank), 263 75; ditto (left bunt), 220' ?Aria and Orleans 85.; Parts and ItAtea, 5G3; ROUES and Havre, 212 SO ; Marneilles and Avignon, —; Strasbourg and Bale 140 23; Once. 4:25n; Boulogne and Amiens, SOU; Orient's and Bordeaux, 1142 54; NJrtnetn, est ; Pan, .n 4 ,r,rebourg, 530; Tours and ranter, 260; liontenrau and Ttoses, 08 73; Andean, and Testa, 46 25. - - MADRID, OCT. B.—Three per Cents., 364; after Bolsa, 36„1. Four per Cents., —' • after Bolsa, Five per Cents., 161; after Bohn, 16}. Coupons, 8; after Boise, 81 p. Passives, 6; ' • after Hulse, 6k p. Bank of St. Ferdinand, 100 cash. Exchange on London, 50.90. (By E( curie Telegraph.) VIENNA, Ocr. 13.—Five per Cents., 7116talliques, 1 92:; Exchange on London, 11.52 ; on Paris, 1411; Agio on Gold, 251; ditto on Silver, lLutatia6, OCT. 13.—Three per Cents. Interior, 33: ; Russian FOur-and-a-lialf per Cents., 943 Z. FRANKFORT, Ocr. 13.—Five per Cent. Metal liques, 751. Three per Cent. Interior, 35 9-IG. Ex change on London, 119;; on Vienna, 991. BERLIN, OCT. 13.—Voluntary Loan, 103. 1 .; Na tional Debt, 88, 1 ; ; RussianFour•and-a-llalf per Cents., 1001. AuSTERD.I3I, OCT. 11.—Five per Cent. Nlkal li(jues, 73. Two-and-a-Half per Cent. Belgians, —. Five per Cent. Ardoins, 14:i. Three per Cents., In terior, 35 11-16. Russian Four-and-a-Half per Cents., 991. Two-and-a-Half per Cent. Integrals, 57 13-16. Exchange on London, 11.921. THE ROYAL MAIL STEAM-PACKET COMPANY. TO THE EDITOR OP THE /.[CREST. SIR,—In the report of the Royal Mail Steam packet Company, just published in the Espress, it is gated that with respect to the Brazil mail steamers, "all parties have concurred iu expressions of high satisfaction at the regularity already exhibited, and the accommodation afforded." I wish, through your columna, to ask the merchants connected with the Brazil and River Plate trade, whether they are " highly satis tkil" with an arrangement which brings the Brazil mails to Southampton, two or three days after the outward mails , have left, instead of two clays before, which might easily be ' accomplished with the means at the disposal of the com pany.—Your obdt. servant, 11. N. Tar. RAILWAY Docks AT 011111SDY.—This exten sive undertaking, the foundation stone of which, it will be remembered, was laid by his Royal Highness Prime Albert, with great ceremony, is now nearly completed. Vbe Court. WINDSOR, Ocr. 13. Her Majesty, Prince Albert, the Prince of Wales, and Prince Alfred, attended by the Viscountess Canning, Lord Byron, Colonel Buckley, Colonel Seymour, and the Rev. Mr. Birch, left Windsor by a special train of the Great Western Railway, at 5 minutes part 9 o'clock this morning, to visit the Exhibition of the Works of Industry of all Nations, Hyde-park, and arrived at that place at 10 minutes before 10 o'clock. The Queen returned to the Castle at 25 minutes to 1 o'clock, having quitted the Exhi bition at 10 minutes before 12 o'clock. ller Majesty was accompanied by the Prince of Wales and l'rince Alfred, and was attended by the Lady in Waiting and by the Lord and Equerry. in Waiting, and the Res. Mr. Birch. Later in the afternoon, Prince Albert returned to the Castle from presiding at a meeting of the Royal Commission in the l'.xhibition. The Prince was attended by his Equerry in Waiting. The younger royal children took their accustomed walk inF and pony exercise to-day. There was no addition to the royal dinner party yes terday. The Earl of Clarendon had an interview with Lord John Russell yesterday. The lliAtoit of Norwich had also an interview with the noble lord yesterday, at his official resi dence in Downing-street. The Marquis of Lan•downe (Lord President) returned to town yesterday, from hi:, scat, 114:tweed-nark, President Lord Monteagle had an interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday, at his official residence in Down ing.street. Sir Gcorge Grey arrived in town last evening, from his scat, Fallixion, Northumberland. Despatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-office from the Governors of the North American provinces, and also from the Governor of Malta. TILE RECENT ROYAL VISIT TO MAN CU}:sTEIt. MosaiAv Ev rts The weather, which held up oo opportunely during her Majesty's visit to this and the sister lyToughs, has now fairly broken, and "Manchester mud and smoke" lord it over us in their old way. Triumphal arches, and here and there a bedabbled and drooping banner, arc seen—the soli tary relics of our holiday rejoicings of Friday and Saturday. We may be likened to a mm who has made rather too merry over night, and looks faded and a lithe dilapidated as he creeps through the streets in the morning. It is matter of regret that the royal pageant did not pass away without some few accidents to embitter the memory of it, though, perhaps, con-idering the crowdol state of our streets, it is wonderful the casualties were nut more numerous. A young man who was firing a cannon in Church-street, ou Friday, shot a girl in the eye with the wadding, and it catered the brain and proved fatal. This morning he has been committed on a charge of man slaughter. A mother ventured into our crowded streets at night with an infant at her breast, to see the illuminations, and the child was squeezed to death in the crowd ; and a man was al,o crushed between a cart wheel and one of the street barrier,. _ . . . . The Recorder of the borough, in opening the quarter sessions this morning, thus alluded to the royal suit ' lie said they had scarcely yet recovered from the excite ment which the stirring and gratifying events of the last week had kept them in; and they could not but be thankful that the fears!of the more timid, that the great and extensive preparations which were made to give a fitting reception to their gracious sovereign would be attended with some mis chance, had proved to be unfounded ; and that the antici pations of those who believed what they wished, that all would go off well and be sueeessful, had been more than realised. That their gracious Queen was well pleased with the reception given to her in the Exchange was apparent, he believed, to all who luvl the happiness there to see her. The honour which her Majesty was then pleased to confer on their chief magistrate in the presence of his assembled fellow-townsmen, was felt by most persons who had the good fortune to be present to be not only un evidence of her Majesty's gracious approval of his conduct, but also as a compliment to the borough at large.. They now knew such to hay:: been the fact. They knew, also, what he thought would be attended with unvarying good results to this great community—that the most imposing sight her Majesty witnessed was the peaceful awl orderly conduct and exemplary demeanour of the countless thousands, who, pouring out of their numberless hives of industry, and ceasing front their labour, quitted their various occupations or employments to line the road on each silo of the Royal prugre,. for miles and miles together. They who lived amongst them knew that peaceful, orderly conduct in gene ral, and the power of controlling themselves on any occa sion when they felt it right and seemly to do so, were dia. tingui4ifirt characteristics of their working population. That was now known also to her most gracious Majesty, who observed it. Ile was quite certain that the men of Manchester, now that they had, by such conduct, gained the notice and admiration of their gracious Queen, would feel themselves bound by a zealous adherence to the like good conduct igiU to deserve that !need of approbation. Ile felt most confident, as all ri Electing men would, that the qualities which had been exhibited by the working people of this town, and the esti mation in which they were held, would greatly increase the true importance of this great community. lie had thought it right, and not unfitting the iieeesion of their meeting, to take this brief notice of the events which had so recently occurred, though they were now assembled to take cognt sane: of those instances of exception from good conduct, and to vindicate the law in cases where it should be proved to have been violated. etio far as can be gleaned from general conversation there is but one feeling, and that of general gratification, at the opportunity afforded the public in the route fixed upon fur the royal progress through the borough of seeing and enjoy inf the pageant of the day. he route which her Majesty pursued through Manches ter is not altogether devoid of historical interest, whatever it may have lacked in other respects. A modern historiun intimates that though wo have not much which could deeply interest, the town is not altogether without a past. He says—" King% have passed orer our pavements; imposture have flourished in our land ; a Ridley and a Latimer have preached within oar houses; martyrs have perished amongst us ; and the great reviviliers of Shakspeare's im personations have been of us and amongst us." We can say " there did the ancient Romans fix their camp—from this spot did the descendants of the Caesars dispense their law • here dwelt the famous Dee, to whom English nobles aneforeign potentates bowed wit's reverence— in yonder building did he converse with spirits, and beneath the shade of that roof did he perform his divination ; there flourished that impostor—alas . that we should use so harsh a term— the famous Booker ; and here, where now stands this green ' grocer's shop, resided one of the prowl Earls of Derby." But the improvements effected in the town within the last twenty years have swept away many of the older buildings connected with its feudal and political memories. Aldport Lodge, up to the days of Queen Elizabeth the family resi dence of the Earls of Derby, was situate near to the royal route through Deansgate. A lofty pile of warehousing in Market-street, passed by the royal tor/eye, carries one's thoughts back to the memorable '45. For here it was, on the site now occupied by Palace-buildings, stood the hotel till very recently, which the Pretender made his heart quarters, whilst he remained a few days in Manchester to recruit his little army, before setting forward towards Derby. It subsequently bore the title of the Palace Inn. The venerable fabric whose legrimed and blackened walls would be amongst the first objects to attract the attention of the royal Nifty as they entered the town by the Victoria-bridge —the cathedral church—is one of the oldest material links connecting , the present with the past, and has certainly played no insignificant part either In the political or eccle siastical history of the town. It seems scarcely possible to brieg one's mind to comprehend the fact in these peaceful times, when we see a monarch entering the town close be neath those towers—her only guard a people's warm attach ment and devoted loyalty—that the gel.y heads of decapi tated martyrs once disfigured their pinnacles; and that a haul perhaps as fair, though its owner did not weer a heart so warm with the gentler influ meet human susceptibility, had affixed its signature to their death warrants. It is a much more pleasing reflection to think that hereabout, too, stood the residence of one of the earliest feudal lords of the town who figured among the " iron" barons at Runnymede. But Manchester *ever was a stage on which kings and queens have been destined to play very important ports. What ever may be its present wealth and position, it owes them to the active industry and commercial enterprise of its in habitants. Royal and noble patronage ' however they may have ads antaged other places, have had but little to do with its advancement. It has thriven without the aid of • either royal charters or protective monopolies ; and the few royal honours which have been conferred, however well intended, have been singularly unfortunate in their re sults. The last was the charter of incorporation granted about a dozen years ago ; though intended to improve the local government of the town, it was accompanied with so much legal bungling as to encourage protracted litiga tion to decide its validity—which was only affirmed by a bare majority of the judges—resulting in expenses so enor mous as almost to drive into private life or to ruin some of our richest and most prominent public men. tames the First presented us with a warden in the person of Dr. Murray, whose mental disqualifications were so patent to the monarch himself that he is said to have bluffly reproved him, after hearing him menet from a favourite text, in words but too well preserved in a well-known anec dote : " Thou art not ashamed of the gospel of Christ, but by the gospel might well be ashamed of thee ! " Again if we go further back, Henry the Eighth had a boon to be stow. That monarch conferred upon the town the very questionable privilege of sanctuary; but happily he was open to remonstrance, and in the following . year a statute (the 33rd Henry VIII.) transferred the privilege to Ches ter—the preamble sagely and pithily setting forth as a jus tification of this change that by reason of "its great wealth, credit, and great oceupyings, ' Manchester was a place which it was desirable "honest, true, and creditable per : sons," and "not any manner of light persons," should in habit. But it is pleasanter far to trace the commercial thaw in the politico-religious history of the good old town. There is more interest attached to the progress of the loons and the spindle, and the steam engine, within the last 80 years, , than to all the relics of feudalism and the barbaric struggles for power, which could be scraped together over a leri,el of 800 years. Or if we would point a moral in any of the past struggles, of which our town Iris been the theatre, wo would prefer the peaceful to the physical ; we would rather a thousand times point to the Free Trade Hall than the 'field of Petcrloo. And well diet those cheers sound which I were so heartily bestowed on her Majesty and royal consort , as they passed under the walls of the memorable building ; because they told the sequel of a story which sounds like a romance more than a veritable modern his tory. A few years only is it ago that indomitable hearts here unded to tight the battle of labour against a tax upon its bread—a tax levied not for the use of the state but to pamper a wealthy and powerful elass—and her:: we have, at the end of so brief a period, the monarch herself from the throne, after manifesting the deepest interest in the rights of labour by patronising the Great Industrial Exhibition of All Nations, crowning her many other acts of sympathy by coming amongst us in the metropolis of in dust and commerce itself, to pay a graceful and well timed compliment to the sons of labour ut their peaceful homes. The rejoicings in honour of the royal visit close to-night by a public hall at the Exchange. THE GREAT EXHIBITION. PIMORAWME OP illt PROCZEDINOS ON THE PRVAEIRA• TIDY OP TUE JCLUILS' REPORTS AND VIE CLOSING 07 TILE EXLIIBITION ON WEDNESDAY, 15 rtt °crones, 1851. 1. All the doors throughout the building, in cluding the exit doors, except thole at the south central entrance, will be opened at 10 o'clock, cm., and closed at half-past 11. 2. The doors at the south entrance will be reserved cx chusively for her :Majesty's cotnmissiancrs, the foreign and local commissioners, the jarorn, and the lady exhibitors. 3. All exhibitors and members of the Society of Arts, chairmen and secretaries of local committees, are to enter at the doors at the western or tlritish side of the building. 4. Members of local committees, and all other persons, are to enter at the doors on the eastern side of the building. 5. At 12 o'clock precisely his royal highnczs, with the royal commissioners, will take their seats in the centre of the transept. 6. Lon' Canning, on behalf of tho juries, mill rlail a re port of their proceedings, and present a list of the names of those eshibitors entitled to rewards, tog,ther with the re ports of the juries. The 113,111C1 will be published in the London GazePe on 'Friday, Oct. 17, and the medals, re ports, and certilicates will be given out as soon as arrange ments can be completed, of which due notice will be given. 7. His royal highness will receive the reports, and read a reply. 8. A prayer of tLank•giviog will bo offered up by the Bishop of Lot.don. 9. The National Anthem will be sung. His Royal Highness Prince Albert presided yesterday at a meeting of the Royal Commission fhr the l'romotion of the Exhibition of the Works of Industry of 01l Nations in 1851. The meeting was held at the Exhibition building at 12 o'Cloek. The commissioners present were his Royal highness the Prince Albert, Earl Granville, Lord John Itissel: Sir Richard Westmacott, Sir Charles Lyell, Sir Charles L. Eastlake, Mr. Baring, M.l'., Mr. Baxley, Mr. C 'Wen, M.P., Mr. Cuhitt, Mr. T. F. Gibson, Mr. John Gott, Mr. l'usey, M.l'., Mr. It. Stephen on, M.l'., Mr. John Shepherd, and Mr. Hopkins, President of the Geolo gical Society. Mr. Scott Russell and Mr. Edgar llowring s secretaries of the Royal Commission, attended. Lieut.- Colonel Reid (chairman), Mr. Henry Cole, and Mr. Charles W. Hit:cc, of the Executive Committee, were present. Dr. Lyon I'layfair and Colonel Lloyd, special commissioners, were in attendance. The meeting broke up at 3 o'clock. His Royal Highness Prince Albert, attended by Lieut.- Colonel Francis ltugh Seymour, afterwards proceeded to the terminus of the Great Western Itailway at Paddington, and returned by a special train to Windsor. The only noticeable feature in the supplemental opening of the Crystal Palace yesterday was the unexpected visit paid by her Majesty, who, accompanied by Prises Al bert, the royal children, and 14 rafter numerous suite, ar rived as early as 10 o'clock, and continued until 13 in close inspection of serious departments. The royal party first visited the Manchester goods, which her Majesty examined most attentively, and subsequently repaired to the Sevres room, where the bronze bust oldie negro girl attracted much of her Majesty's attention. The royal party was received on their arrival by Mr. Dilke and one or twu other members of the executive committee, and Mr. Ilelshaw had the honour of attending her Majesty to the different stands selected for the royal inspection. The naves appeared almost as populous yesterday as ever from the number of visitors' friends admitted, but the galleries were almost deserted, and the money tables di.coursed none of the eloquent music which 1141 so continuously distinguished them ou previous days. The following shows the temperature yesterday, as recorded by Mr. Ilennett's thermometers, being the nxcan result of 100 readings :-10 o'clock, e. ; 12 o'clock, GO ; 2 o'clock, 61 ; 4 o'clock, 63 ; 6 o'clock, 62. Mean kuipera tore, 60.8. B.wometer at 1 o'clock, 30. The following notice respectimg tultnission on the day of the closing ceremonial has been issued by the exe cutive committee: "NOTICE TO TILE rtllLlC.—Monday and Tuesday, after 12 o'clock, all persons presenting cards are to he admitted nt every door, including tho exit doors; but red cards aro to be admitted only at the west end. The corner of every card is to be torn off, and the card given back to tho bearer. No person is to be re-admitted on Monday, if ono corner is torn off, or on Tuesday, if two corners arc turn off. On Wednesday all the doors to open at 10 o'clock, and close at 11.30. Only one person is tube admitted with each card. No red cards are to be admitted on this day. Ladies who present either a white or blue card arc to he admitted at the central south entrance. Only the royal commis sioners, ladies, jurors, foreign and local commissioner•, ad mitted at the south central entrance, and no one is to be admitted into the area reserved for them. No person ix to stand oa any counter or stand, and exhibitors aro earnestly requested to protect each others property." KOSSUTII. The preparations for the reception of the Hun garian patriot in London are going on as favourably as could be desired, and, judging from the amount of subscrip tions received, and the degree of enthusiasm displayed, there is every probability of the demonstration being of a most effective character. At a meeting of gentlemen inte rested in the object last evening, Mr. THORNTON HUNT in the chair, the committee of arrangement presented a report embodying the following recommendations :—" That the order of proceedings in marking the arrival of Kossuth be as follows :—That an address be presented to Louis Kossuth ,• that a procession be formed, to welcome him on his arrival in London ; that Kossuth be invited to a banquet, to be given to him in the most spacious place obtainable; that a permanent committee be formed to collect a public contri bution of funds fur the cause of llun,rary, Lobe placed in the hands of Louis Kossuth on his return from America to Eng land." These recommendations were unanimously adopted. Mr. Puma (the secretary) reported that ho had, by the instruction of the committee, attended a meeting of the German Agitation Committee the preceding evening, one of their members (lit. Strauss) having on their part expressed a wish to be informed of the nature of the intended Kossuth demonstration. The address winch it was intended to pre sent to Kossuth had been laid before them, nod approved of; and Dr. Tausenau, ono of their members, a friend of Kossuth, promised to give the deputation every facility in his power for obtaining an introduction to Kossuth. They were further informed that the object was to get up an English demonstration ; but if foreigners chow to join in the procession, they would not be prevented doing so. At the tame time, no delegate from any foreign body would be recognised, as much for their own sakes as to give the demonstration due effect on the continent. Were foreigners admitted to the committee it would only give an excuse for foreign powers to say that it was merely a plot got up by foreign refugees. Mr. T. Huai, the chairman, stated that the committee appointed to obtain the use of a suitable building for the banquet were not yet prepared to report. They bad soma idea of obtaining Drury•-lane Theatre. (Cheers.) The CHAU/MAN read an extract from the Progresso of Turin, a letter from a gentleman who had met Kossuth after his liberation at Genoa, and to whom the Hungarian hero had expressed himself as foFows : " Whether I go, In the next week, to America, to France, or to England, or to whatever other region, my friends may be certain that I shall be guided in my selection by a lively sense of those duties to which my life and energies are consecrated." Mr. Lastix announced that the West-end Shoemaker' Society had come to a vote placing at the diposal of their committee whatever funds they might deem it necessary to contribute to this demonstration. (Hear, hear.) Some routine business was trunsicted, and the meeting adjourned. An addrus to Kossuth from the Portreeve of St. Clear hu been sent to the Mayor of Southampton for presenta tion. _ _ A number of ladies and gentlemen have been seen the streets of Southamption with rosettes in their bosoms and coats, formed of the llungaxian patriotic coloured ribbons, scarlet white and green. The Countess I'ulski, the celebrated Ifungarian authoress, has arrived at Southampton. The Southampton corporation committee appointed to conduct the mariagemeut of the banquet to Koosuth, met yesterday, and settled the programme of the toasts to be given at the banquet. The usual loyal toasts will be given, due homage will bo paid to tha virtues and genius of the tarot didinguislied guest at the banquet, the illwdrious Magyar Kossuth . the duties of national hospitality to tho politically oppressed of all nations will be enunciated; and the constitutional governments of Great Britain and of the United States will be recognised as alike opposed and inimi cal to npublican • Alv - • • • k - l'ir" ' • • r-... . .4 _,~