The Express. — London, England, 1853-09-30 00:00:00

Mkt en:lrv:lL TO CORRESPONDENTS. A Amend ? :Aloft of 'T... Es,. Ida •he • tr• ev. "fiatette," le pub:tatted eve"' lot. tai sal It AI., lett, .11 %fur foe pmt. Athrtrt ve sonata lotto led for flat Lootem," !polite EttatAif moot be at the Oflke, 10, Wove:l...Anti, 0; I'w es tlve Jay pubJestioe. HIRE WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Ton Daa—llovalag, Oh. a•... At:moon, -• fi►roWv—YaeHag, Ih. Slos Aftenoos, 1 1 1. 11 as. LO.VDON, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER ;:n. It seems hardy necessary to inform our readers that the present great and rapid rise in the price of Corn is a so-called "speculative rise." With the harvest scarcely gathered in, there can be no actual present want; but comparing the yield of the har vest with the weekly, monthly, and annual con sumption, it is ascertained that there will be a deficiency before the next harvest. The present rise in price, there ire, is the result of prudent fore thought, which cheeks consumption at once, invites larger supplies. and helps to eke out the deficient crops till another season comes round. The corn merchants do not contemplate such bene ficial results; they only foresee the comparative scar city, and buy corn now, or send out orders to buy it, that they may hereafter make a profit on the sale. Their commercial speculations, however, arc guided to the general welfare, and the policy that would interfere with them, whether dictated by the rude ignorance of mobs,—waylaying forestallers and registers,—or the equally rude ignorance of Em perors enforcing on nations their short-sighted views by armed soldiery, is alike to be deprecated as a violent interference with the wise and beneficent course of nature. While we remind our readers that the present price is aspeculative one, we do it therefore merely to state a fact, and neither to direct popular indignation against corn merchants, nor took Government to in terfere with their useful business. At the same time the fact shows that in judging dour future prospects we must consider not only the produce of the liar- Test, but the rate of consumption and the degree to which it may be lessened without serious injury. One of the advantages of the Free Trade sys tem has been a great and a continuous rise in wages. Not only each individual labourer has been better paid, but more labourers have been employed, as the diminution of able-bodied paupers year after year testifies; and a very largely increased proportion of the annual produce of industry has accordingly gone into the possession of the labouring classes. They are all a great deal better off than they were. They are no longer, like the Irish of 1846 and like the bulk of the peasantry in France and the south of Germany, restricted to the very smallest measure of subsistence. They do not live on a barely suffi cient quantity of lumpers or black rye bread. The greatly increased consumption of the last 3 or 4 years assures us that the maas of the people can spare something, and not die of starvation. Their present condition is much superior to their condition in 1816 and 1847, the last time they were overtaken by scarcity. Then, the bulk of the people, though some were momentarily and extravagantly prospe. roe•, were living on the lowest measure of subsist ence, and thousands of them in Ireland did actually die when the potato crop failed. Then, too, the speculative price of wheat rose to 102 s. 5d.; then that rise was followed by a sudden fall, and the corn merchants were almost wholly ruined. Now there is a great probability that consumption will be speedily checked, without causing much injury, and prices will not rise so high as in 1847, nor after wards fall so low as in that year, to the ruin of the speculators. For them to act on . the supposition that the present great consumption will continue unabated, and endeavour accordingly to get up the price, is advantageous to the public. It will ensure greater supplies in the end, and check consumption earlier, and by both means tend to save the public from the terrible sufferings of a dearth. To form a careful opinion of the future we must take into con sideration the actual quantity of wheat at our com mand, and the rate of the consumption. In the first eight months of the year the wheat and flour imported have amounted to 3,915,034 qrs., or, on the average, 489,379 qrs. per month ; and at the same rate we should require in the year 5,872,5.52 qrs., for the whole of what has been imported has gone at once into consumption. But we have im ported nearly as much with average harvests ; and assuming that our own yearly growth amounts to 15.000,000 qrs. of wheat—an outside estimate— and that the present harvest is one-fourth short, or 3,750,000 qrs. of an average, we shall require, supposing the consumption to continue at the same rate, 9,600,000 qrs. of wheat. But the con sumption will almost immediately be slowly and gradually checked, and though our importers will most likely calculate on a scale of that kind, we shall not actually need so much. In the manufac turing districts the disputes between the workmen and the masters, and the suspension of work, are now lessening the command of the people over the neces saries of life. We may be certain, therefore, that consumption will not continue at its present enor mous rate, and that the quantity stated will be more than we shall need. Supposing, however, that we require 9,600,000 qn., shall we get so much ? For the last four years we have imported annually, on the average, 5,000,000 qrs., but a large portion of that supply came from France, some of it from Italy, and acme from Egypt, which have now forbidden exportation, or require to im port and seek supplies in the same markets where we seek them. We may strike off 2,000,000 qrs. as t►e quantity we have latterly derived from France. Italy, and Egypt. There remains, as the principal sources to which we have to look, the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, the ports of the Baltic and America. From Odessa only, in the course of the last five years, we have imported on an average 600,000 quarters of wheat. In that period, however, the average pries has been a little more than 43e. ; and in 1847, under the pressure of high prices, Odessa sent us threefold more than the average of the three preceding years. We infer, therefore, that under the influence of our present high prices, Odessa will be able to export at least twice as much as the average of the last five years,, or 1,200,000 quarters. The harvest of the countries of which it is the port is said to be plentiful, and admitting that a portion of its supplies will be required for other countries, we cannot estimate the quantity we may receive from it at less than 800,000 quarters, or more probably 1,000,000 quarters. In cluding Odessa, there came to us from the Black Sea and the Mediterranean, in 1850 (when prices were Low, and those countries were not so wed prepared as now to supply us) 1,200,000 quarters of sheet: and it is highly probable, with high prices. we shall now get at least 2,000,000 quarters. Front the countries on the Baltic and the North Sea, accustomed to grow wheat for us, their people being in general too poor to consume it, we received on the average, 1849-51, 1,800,000 quarters per year; we may, therefore, securely calculate on now getting, with our enhanced prices, 2,000,000 gum :cm Thus, from these two sources, the Mediterranean, including the Black Sea, and the ports on the North Sea and the Baltic, we may procure 1,000,000 quarters, nearly one halt or what we shall need. Fr nn all other plac , s, except Ameet.s. we may calculate on getting 600,000 quarters : and then comes the question, can America send us .5,080,000 quarters? Official accounts inform us that Canada pro duced, in 1831, 12,6U2,852 bushels o f ht at,or 1,586,606 quarters, and that its produce was quadrupling in ten years. We may, therefore, assume its produce in 183 to be, at least, I-4,4;40,000 bogie's. Actually, in 1832, Canada exported 5,196,09 , s bushels. It is ready now, according to the latest accounts, to send forward from four to five million bushels. The United Stales Economist, a high authority in such matters, showed, in an elaborate article on the 10th instant, that the official Census of the States gives an under-estimate of the growth of wheat there ; and taking into account the very rapid increase in cultivation, and the great facilities of transport which now exist, that journal expresses itself very confidently that America, including Canada, the produce of which n ill come through New York, will supply us with as much as we require. The produce of Canada and of the States cannot be estimated together at less than 130,000,000 bushels of wheat, or 16,250,000 quarters. Both having a great abundance of other cereals and pulse to fall back on will be able to spare foreign coun tries more than the half of the 16,000,000 qrs., and of them we shall be able to procure 6,ooo,oolPqrs. with no other difficulty than may attend the trans port across the ocean of such a large quantity of corn. From all these sources we may rely on getting as much as we want and can pay for. We have put down our probable wants at an extreme figure, and we have not pat down at an extreme figure the possible supplies which hiyh priers will surely briny us. At the same time, freights are likely to be excessively high, and we shall have to pay a high price for our supplies. That will and ought to check consumption. The failure of the harvest in various parts of Europo tells us unanswerably that on the whole less has been produced than is ade quate to supply the late and present rate of con sumption, and we insist again that general economy and retrenchment is now become for all an impera tive duty. LATEST FROM THE CONTIN ENT. - FRANCE. PARIS, THURSDAY EVININO. The Threes have to-day improved 30 cents; the Four•and-a-Halt per Cents. are unchanged. Closing Prices: Three per Cent. Bente*, 73f.; ditto Four-and a•Half per Cents., 100 f. 60e. Bank Shares, 2,8001. RUSSIA. ODESSA, SEPT. 13. Owing to the incessant arrivals of wheat in im. manse quantities from the interior, prices have gone down very considerably. The magazines do not suffice to contain the supplies. Prince Menchikoff held a grand review of the fleet a few days ago. It numbers fifty vessels, reckon ing all above the size of a gun-boat. A number of Greek sailors have been enrolled. The army corps of General Lnders has received considerable reinforcements. Very many regiments arc cantoned on the Dniester, and Bessarabia swarms with troops. The cholera has broken out in a very decided manner, and makes numerous victims. A five days. quarantine has been established. Several armed schooners and gun-boats are coming from Sebastopol to take up a position on the Danube. A new levy of the Don Cossacks is announced. BRODY, SIFT. 18. The reeVuitment which is in course of execution in the neighbouring (southern) provinces of Russia was never carried out so rigorously es at present. Instead of seven, the rate is now ten mer. in a thou sand. Parents are held responsible for the Sight of their sons. GERMANY. VIENNA, Sari.. 25. The Czar and his suite arrived last evening at Olmutz, to which city the Vienna conference has also betaken itself. Lord Westmoreland went on the 23rd, and dined on the same day with the Em peror. TURKEY. CONSTANTINOPLE, Sprr.l9. The rejection of the amended note by Russia is known. The expected crisis has not occurred, and the cabinet remains without modification. No an- nouncement respecting the course to be next adopted by the government has been made. On the 16th, the Sultan presided over a cabinet council, attended exclusively by the Grand Vizier Reachid Pacha, Mehemet Ali Pacha, and . the Sheikh td-Islam. BUCHAREST, SEPT. 14. It appears that hitherto Prince Gortschakoff has received no orders to concentrate his troops for the much talked of evacuation of this territory. Oa the contrary, for the last few days fresh troops have been pouring in from Braila, and are hence marched on to Krajova. Measures are taken which leave no doubt that our northern guests mean to winter with us. On the 11th instant the fete of the hereditary Grand Duke Russia was celebrated with much pomp in the Seriodar Church. Prince Stirbey and a great number of Boyars were present. Prince Stirbey hus imprisoned two young Boyars in a monastery of Snargov for quarreling with a Russian officer. The Russian soldiers are deserting in great numbers, but most of the fugitives are captured, as the line of the Danube is strongly guarded. Most of them expiate the offence by death. Some of the officers have been shot as a measure of discipline, and the interces sions of the most influential persona prove of no avail. DENMARK. COPENHAGEN, Bm. 23. The cholera has entirely disappeared from this city. Neither deaths nor new cases have been re ported for two days. RUSSIA AND TURKEY. -. We mid in the Conatitutionnel :—" There are in the note of the Moniteur some omissions which we are able to till up from our letters from Constantinople of the 15th. In the night of Saturday 10th inst., M. de Lacour, oar ambassador, sent the Ajaccio to Batiks, with 3d. Benedetti, first secretary of embassy, I to request the two admirals to send up some large Ivessels to Constantinople, and on the 13th and 14th two English steam frigates, the Niger and the Tiger, and two French, the 3f Imelor and the Gomer, arrived. Oa board the last named vessel was Rear Admiral , Lebarbier de Timm, who then had under his orders in addition to the above named frigates six other stem- I mere, the Retribution, the corvette Fury, and the Ca radoe, for the English ; and the Sane, the Chaptal and the Ajaccio, for the Freneh ; in all six frigates, two cor vettes and two steamers of smaller force without reckoning the Friedlar d, the repairs of which will be womplet«l before the end of the month. As to the motives w'tich may have led to this display of force our correspondent has more difficulty iu explaining them, considering that it was for the religious cere mony of the 13th, that uneasiness was felt, and that that ceremony was ou r on the very day when the first vessels arrived from Besika. The Porte had besides taken every proper precaution to secure the safety of the Sultan, who was to show himself in the midst of the prom.sion of the Bairam. All the troops in the neighbourhood of Constantinople were brought nearer to the capital, and nothing happened to justify the fears which might have been en tertained. To sum up, in spite of a certain degree of agitation on the I•ith, the Divan had never ceased to be master of the situation at Constantinople, and it was able at fur. liberty to judge c f the diplomatic communi- THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 30, 1853. cations which have been sent to it on the subject of the last reply mods by Reschid Pacha to the note of the Conference." _ __ A letter from Berlin states that in order that Prussia may not be taken by surprise, the govern- ment has decided that the new steam corvette the bantzig, shall prooeed to Constantinople, and be ' placed at the disposal of M. de Wildenbruch, the i Prussian Ambassador. Intelligence to the 16th, one day later than that received at Marseilles from Constantinople, is given in the Lloyd of Vienna, which says that the Sultan had refused to sign a warlike manifesto to be addressed to the nation. It adds that the Great Powers had not succeeded in causing the Divan to accept the note of Vienna without modifications. The if of Vienna, in a postscript to a letter from Constantinople of the 15th, says: The news of the rejection by the Cabinet of S. Peters burg of the modifications made in the note of Vienna has this instant arrived here. It is the more difficult to say what impression this account hes produced on the Tacks, as an marmot of a contrary sense had been just before received from Odessa. FRANCE. PARIS, WEDNUDAT EVIXINO. The correspondence of the different French papers (which I send you separately) is agreed in this —that the Bairam passed off at Constantinople without the slightest disturbance. The corrc-pondent of the Cbnatitutionnel is quite unable to explain, from any thing that was passing around him, the reason why the frigates were sent foe. I particularly call your attention to the article in the Siecie, which I have inserted further down. There was quite a panic at the Bourse to-day. At the opening there was a disposition, in the absence of any positive news, to look upon the bright side of things. The Threes opened higher than yes terday, and gradually rose to 7110, but at half-past 2, when telegraphic accounts of a fall in Consols were received from London great excitement prevailed, and the Renter went down with extraordinary ra pidity to 74.10, at which price they closed, being a fall of lfr. from the highest quotation of the day, and of 75c. from the last price of yesterday. Bank of France fell 10fr., Credit Mobilier 10fr., and several of the railways from 10fr. to 15fr., all without ex ception closing lower. The most contradictory re ports were circulated as to the Engish funds. Some asserted that they had fallen to 89), while many people who usually receive telegraphic despatches by 2 o'clock declared that none had arrived. Com plaints are loud and general that the government does not post authentic quotations from the London Stock Exchange at short intervals throughout the day. Nothing would be more easy, if the public interest were consulted, instead of that of privileged speculators. It is long since I have seen such a crowd at the Bourse as to-day, and I observed at the north-west corner those groups of elderly ladies in caps who were ungallantly driven out of the precincts by the police upwards of • year ago. Among other reports in circulation there is one which I must notice to deny. It is rumoured that the Russian ambassador has demanded his passports. He has not done so at present, whatever he may choose to do hereafter. Prince Napoleon is indisposed. He was unwell when he went to the camp at Helfaut, and the expo sure to the wet has produced a high fever. His state is said not to be alarming, and a speedy resto ration is hoped for ; but he is ordered to be kept very quiet. The Moniteur states that the Emperor, being de sirous of seeing the fleet, hu changed the time of his intended departure from Boulogne and Amiens. Their Majesties will leave Boulogne on the 28th, at two o'clock in the afternoon, instead of ten is the morning, as had been first xed, and Amiens oa the 29th, at 2 o'clock in the afternoon, instead of 12 at noon. The Minister of Marine joined the Emperor at Dunkirk, and was to accompany him throughout the remainder of his tour. On account of the storm in the channel the ocean squadron was not able to make Dunkirk, but remained at anchor at Dunes. It was ordered to go to Boulogne, to be inspected by the Emperor there. The same flowery correspondent of the Pablo who described the " delirious enthusiasm" of the Emperor's reception at Dieppe, says that on the arrival of their Majesties at Calais an 0 immense number" of Englishmen at the railway station, " almost all in uniform," cried out lustily in Eng- 1 lish—" Long life and happy reign to Napoleon the Third ! God bless the Empress! Hurrah for the great Emperor ! &c." A great sensation has been occasioned in the thea- Blest circles by the positive announcement that Mademoiselle Rachel is going to St. Petersburg. She has obtained a year's leave of absence from the Theatre Francais, and will probably set out in De cember. The Emperor of Russia engages to give her 16,0001. sterling, besides 4,0004 for a company of French actors to support her, and it is said the celebrated tragedienne will reap further secondary advantages from the engagement. The French government has requested that of Austria to furnish it with all the documents relative to the mode of supply of provisions at Vienna. The Moniteur publishes Imperial decrees promul gating the convention between France and the Elec torate of Hesse, for the reciprocal protection of the rights of property in literature and works of art, and the postal convention concluded between France and the kingdom of the Two Sicilia. The latter is of great length, entering into very full details of the rates of postage, modes of conveyance, and other points for the amelioration of the postal intercourse between the two states. HOLLAND. ROTTERDAM, SEP?. 27. The recent storms have done immense damage in this city and the neighbourhood. Several dikes gave way in the vicinity, and extensive inundations ensued, the inhabitants being obliged to take refuge in their boats. Numerous trees on the far-famed Boompjes are prostrate, and several streets are covered with chimney-pots, tiles, bricks, and rubbish. The communication with the suburbs is interrupted, except by means of boats. The accounts from the towns and villages on the Scheldt are saddening; the floods have in many places carried all before them—houses, cattle, the produce of the harvest, and furniture. It is feared that several lives have been lost. All this day, hundreds of persons have been employed in this city in pump ing the water out of the cellars ; and it hu been remarked that warehouses which were not touched by the great flood of 1825 are now partly under water —a proof that the ground has given way. The timber wharves along the river have greatly suffered. At Werthendam several persons are missing, and it is feared they have bean carried off by the flood. Letters from Gort (Gorinchem) state that several polders have given way, and a number of cows been drowned. Large quantities of hay have been seen floating down the Scheldt. Part of the town of Brill is under water. Fifty-three trees have been thrown down in Amsterdam, and two houses in Haarlem. The inmates were buried in the ruins, bat they were released in time to recover. Consider able damage has been done in Breda. The Amsterdam Ilandeisblad states that from the 7th to the 26th inst. the number of cholera cases in that city was 233, of which 134 terminated fatally. On the 26th inst. four new eases occurred in the hospital. In this city the number of eases up ti the 25th inst. was 21. Eight perwani recovered, and twelve died. Letters from Flushing are full of disastrous ac counts. A large brig has foundered near that town, and it is said that all the crew perished, a London and Antwerp steamer which passed the spot having been unable to take them on board. GERMANY. Letters from Vienna of the 24th state that the Viennese public are directing their regards to Olmuts, earnestly wishing that some expedient may be found for maintaining peace, so that the army may be re duced end the treasury be relieved of a heavy and long sustained b irden. The ministers, it is said, are equally desirous of a similar result, as the need of a new loan is very urgent. Employers, too, especially agriculturists, complain, or rather are disposed to complain, that the army absorbs and wastes the pro- ductive forces of the country ; in many places serious losses have been sustained through a deficiency of labour. SPAIN. -.- The Madrid Gaigte of the 23rd publishes a roya decree which suppresses the Colonial Council another which suppresses the Commission for the Revision of Administrutive Laws ; and a third which suppresses the Junta for establishing washhousts and baths for the poor at Madrid, and niers the matter to the local authorities. The new ministry, it was said, does not intend to publish a programme, bat to let its policy be seen from its acts. The Mar quis de Gerona, the new Minister of Grace and Jus tice, arrived in Madrid on the 23rd, and was to take the oaths in presence of the Queen in the evening. The police had succeeded in arresting a man who has recently written and published several sedition. pamphlets. He was engaged in writing a new lucu- I tuition when they entered his house. The Count de Quinto was spoken of for the post of Civil Governor of the province of Madrid, in the room of M. Benavides, resigned. ALLEGED PERSECUTIONS IN TURKEY. The following remarkable paragraph appears in the semi-official Austrian Correspondence: "The Augsburg Gazette contains in its recent numbers letters detailing numerous acts of crnclty and oppression exercised towards the peaceable Chris tian subjects of Turkey. It is surprising that the consular reports which have reached the imperial government make no mention of such facts; and we are therefore entitled to conclude that these narra tions are, at any rate, much exaggerated. Their in sertion in the Augsburg Gazette does not appear to have been preceded by that examination into their authenticity which we expect from a journal in many respects so distinguished. It is probablejhat the articles in question are the work of a party which is doing its best to excite agitation, in order to defeat the efforts made by the courts of Europe for the maintenance of peace." LATER FROM BRITISH AMERICA. LIVERPOOL, Tut , RSDAT. The royal mail screw steam-ship Lady Eglinton, Captain Paton, arrived in the Mersey this afternoon from Quebec, after a passage of 11 days 13 hours, having left that port on the 17th instant. She brought 33 passengers. The Quebec Mifflin' Chronicle of the 17th pub lishes the comparative statements of the arrivals and tonnage at that port to the 16th September, inclusive, viz.: Vestals. Tonnage. 1552 18.53 The arrivals of all kinds of timber had been small in comparison with the same date last year, and prices had in consequence ruled very high. The other news per the Lady Eglinton has been anticipated by the Atlantic. The Graf Von Scheverin sailed from Quebec for this port on the 17th inst. Freights for timber ruled uncommonly high at Quebec, viz., to Liverpool, 475. 6d. ; to the Clyde, 505.; and 81. for deals to London has been given. Tonnage has been eagerly sought after. AUSTRALIA. By the Marlborough (Allen W. Young), we have advises of important character from Port Phillip to the 4th of J uly. The importations had been vier moue, and the result had been that prices had fallen from 30 to 50 per cent., and many unsuitable articles 1 had been sacrificed at auction for little more than mere nominal sums. With respect to provisions, a similar state of affairs seemed to have approached. Sales that had been made of malt liquors to arrive had been disowned by the purchasers on various pretexts, while, as regards flour, it is said there were 50,000 barrels in the port, a great portion of which, according to some accounts, would be shipped to England. The Eagle, which was to sail about tho beginning of July, is said to be bringing over 6,000 barrels, at a freight of about Bs. per barrel. Three hundred ships, with cargoes on board, were lying in the harbour, and meanwhile the charge for lighterage was beco ming: more exorbitant, 355. per ton being demanded for free, and 40s. to 455. for bonded goods. An impression seems to have prevailed in the colony that alter the present arrivals future supplies might probably be only moderate, and that hence some recovery in prices might be looked for when the roads to the mines, which had for some time been impassable, should again be opened, more especially as the arcouots of the gold produc tion were very favourable, and it was understood that goods were wanted there. These hopes of a more satisfactory state of affairs cannot, however, be trusted to the same extent on this side, where the consignments sent out are known to have in creased week by week uninterruptedly for more than six months since the sailing of the latest vessels that had yet reached the colony. The revenue of Victoria for the quarter just ended again showed an extraor dinary augmentation, and the amount of gold shipped from Port Phillip alone, from the Ist of January to the 27th of June, valued at 41. per oz., was 4,400,0001. The price of gold was 775. 6d. per oz., and the rate of exchange on London was 2 prem., with an expecta tion that it might advance to 4 prem. In the latter case it would be more profitable to send sovereigns than bills. At the same time large quantities of gold dust were in course of train/mission. Just before the departure of the Marlborough the Union Bank of Australia had given notice of a rob bery, which had caused great excitement. It ap pears that a cue of noteforms belonging to the bank had been stolen from a vessel in Hobson'e.bay, and put into circulation with false signatures. The forms comprised 12,000 of 11. each, 4,000 of 51., 1,000 of 501., and an unspecified number of IW. and 201. each. The Melbourne Argus mentions a few cues in which extraordinary good fortune have attended the gold seekers. A party of three men, after digging on a claim at Maitland Bar on the Meroo for 24 days, were able when they had paid all their expenses, to divide the sum of 1,0801. in hard cash. The gold obtained was of a nuggety character, one piece weighing 24 ounces. Some now diggings have been discovered at the Ovens, and a rush made to the spot, which has been christened "Nuggety Gully," from the nature of the precious deposit. The gold is dis tributed rather capriciously, and success has conse quently been unequal. The net proceeds of the gold found by a party of four, after working for three weeks, was no less than 2,4001. Some fi ne grain gold has been discovered in Melbourne. A submarine telegraph has been projected to con nect Van D:emen's Land with Australia, in con nexion with a line to Melbourne. The Cleopatra steamer was to leave Port Phillip for Liverpool on the 27th of July, and the (heat Britain some time during the same month. The Marlborough has brought 60 passengers and a heavy mail. The subjoined letter, by the Typhoon, furnishes a full and practical description of the general state of business at Port Phillip up to the 13th of June, sub sequently to which date the markets continued to give way : • ' - • - - ' • The importations into this port from England and America during the past few weeks have been unprece- I dentedly large, and have already begun to tell upon the market. Mat of the w ,rehouses are crammed with good., provisions, &c., and the lack of storage is daily forcing vast quantities of merchandise to hurried disposal—generally by the hammer. By this means, however, the market is being gradually relieved of many trumpery and unsuitable arti cles sent hither by " dabblers" or inexperienced " be ginners," under the mistaken and too prevalent notion that "anything will do fur the colonies"—a notion of which, it is to be hoped, their present experience will I rid them. None but genuine and really useful articles are wanted here. Meanwhile, the presence of the con trary het an injurious influence upon the market. The very large importation of American flour and bread stuff*, and the accounts of large quantities yet to arrive, have caused • very considerable decline in the prices of those articles. Grain his been gradually falling for borne timit, and a downward tendency is still manifest, though oats arc slightly recovering. In colonial flour the decline is net so perceptible as in foreign, and with our continually increasing population it is not probable that in any article of general consumption any Barlow depression can long rule. Almost a'l the flour from England, and very much of that from Amen, a, arrives soured; from what cause it is not ersy to di terniane; but very ones it is attributable to bail picking and deficiency of ventilation in the holds of the vesaels. Several large parcels bays recently arrived in 501 b. tins, and all in beautiful condition. American mity he quoted at 181. to 20'. (tins), and colonial at 271. to 30/. per t in. Provisions are rather lower. Manufactured goods suitable for the semen find purchasers at fairly remunerative rates, as also ale, porter, and spirits. Building materials continue in great demand ; but the profits of importers are most materially lessened by the heavy expenses to which their goods are subject. Braid's the high rates of freight and insurance they have to submit to the charges of light , -rage from the bay, at the rate of 355. to 40s. tor tots, and it is difficult to obtain lighters even at these rates, and e veral ship agents hive recent:l pub licly intimated that they could nut get them, anti that nun .ignees must engage thi to them.elye3g, and be pren,red to pay the 10/. per 'lay demurrei:c after the tint ten drys, of cartage in the town at is. per one-horse load, and, those who have not stores of their own, of storage at 21. tid. per tor. per week. In addition to all this, their good", if not very carefully looked after, are most unceremoniously pre cipitated into a sea of mud, which is almost the chief con stituent part of the Queen's wharf.' New houses are springing up every day, and the Americans are establishing themselves here in considerable force. Adams and Co., the great American carriers, have opened a branch here. They early to every part of the world. Their operations in this quarter ore likely to be very large. The wool season is, strictly speaking, ' over' here, but a few lots which have been delayed by the difficulty (still existing) of obtaining 'carriage keep dribbling in from die teat station", where it is probable parts of some few • clips' will be detained till after the winter. But even after all has been brought down and shipped, it is the a'most uni vernl opinion that the export of last ' clip' will show an actual decrease as compared w ith that of the previous one, instead of what the Erglish manufacturers require—a posi tive increase. A very large proportion, too, of the wool this year is sent home in the grease. Prices are higher here than those which ruled at the last February sales in London; but, considering the decrease in this year's export, the almost universal prevalence of the 'scab,' which con tinues to spread, and which must materially atlect the quality, and pretty certainly, also, the quantity, of the coming ' clip (the foot-rot, too, is becoming prevalent), I and considering, also, the large orders for manufactured goods which have been sent home from those colonies, it is felt that an advance in price must still take place in the English market. " There is little doing in tallow. " Gold is very firm at 775. per ounce, and is only to be obtained in small quantities even at that price. The various ' diggings' continue to yield largely, but apparently not more than the colony requires for remittance in return for imports of goods and specie. "The banks are charging 2 per cent. premium for bills on London. They purchase draughts against hypothecated gold or products at par. "Bents are very high. A moderate-sized store lets readily at 2,0001. per annum, a respectable family house at 70W., a four-roomed cottage at 150/. to 2001. "The cry is still for emigrants, but only fur such as will work. Carpenters earn easily 20s. to 2.sss per day, and bricklayers nearly as much ; and any man may make 10s. per day on the roads. . . . Oiring to the blundering of the Australian Royal Mail Steam Packet Company, steamers •are looked upon with sad suspicion here, though the quick passages of the Harbinger and the Hellespont—the tormer in less than 69days and the latter in 75 days, the two quickest passages ever yet made— have Steam Shipping Company. W." The abstract of tho probable revenue of the colo nial government of New South Wales (exclusive, of course, of the territorial revenue), for the year 1854, compared with the amounts actually received in 1852, is as follows Estimated Received for 18 , 54. in 18.52. Custmts £341.000 £217,021 Duty on colonial spirits 30,000 18,211 Gold revenue Land sales 15,000 11,740 Rents Licenses 37,200 33,751 Postage Port and harbour dues Assessment on stock Auction duty Other heads 25,375 25,246 Total. £566,225 £413,746 The aggregate expenditure estimated for next year is as follows : To be voted £450,496 Schedules Customs 17,365 Drawbacks Colonial distilleries University of Sydney . Remuneration to pilots Police reward fund 1,150 Ditto superannuation ditto Grand total of expenditure estimated tor lfia Considerable sensation had been caused in Victoria by the death of a man in the watch-house at Vic toile. He was taken into custody on the Wednes day night, " not drunk, but cranky," and for some reason he was shifted into another cell. He was forgotten all Thursday, and on Friday the cell was accidentally opened, and the man found sitting in a corner, dead. A verdict of censure upon the autho rities had been returned by the coroner's inquest. A daring robbery was committed at Mount Alexan der on the Bth of June. About eight o'clock on that night five men went to Mr. Greave's store, at Moon light Flat, and called him out on pretence of wishing to see him. Upon his putting his head out, one of them caught hold of him by the hair, dragged him out, and held him while the others rushed in, secured the other inmates, and walked off with gold and moneys to the amount of 8001. NEW ZEALAND. Our files from Wellington extend to the 14th May. The accounts are rather favourable than otherwise. Thu vital deficiency of a profitable export was being cured by the demand from the gold colonies for New Zealand produce. The Cook's Straits Spectator notes the following exports from the four Southern colo nies:-4,000 bales of wool valued at from 50,0001. to 60,0001. Besides which there had been exported during the first quarter of 1833, to the Australian Colonies, the following articles of the value annexed, viz. :—Bacon and hams, 300/.; cheese, .5601.; butter, 1,0971. ; flour, 2,16.31. ; rope and cordage, 8251. ; sawn timber and houses in frames, 4,3651.; being an in crease over the corresponding quarter in the previous year of 6,2001., or nearly 25,0001, per annum. The Hon. Constantine Augustus Dillon, brother of Viscount Dillon, Land Commizsioner of Nelson, and one of the oldest and most respected colonists, was accidentally drowned when attempting to cross the NVairan river. The Spectator gives a glowing account of the pro gress of settlement at Wanganui, the scene of the last war. The town had been made a port of entry, and a strong trade was rising up with the Australian colonies. Farms, well fenced and cultivated, were becoming very numerous, and very many new set tlers had arrived, among whom were several families from New Brunswick, in British America. Several flour mills had been erected for the natives, who were among the most enterprising agriculturists, and an industrial school had been commenced for the educa tion of the youth. VAN DIEMEN'S LAND. The feeling which has been awakened by the ces sation of transportation has suggested the advisabi lity of celebrating the event. A meeting has been held at the rooms of T. D. Chapman, Esq., M.L.C., in furtherance of that object, and the 10th of August of the present year, which is the bOth year since the settlement of the colony in 1803, was fixed upon to celebrate a jubilee. Amongst the arrangements it is proposed that a solemn thanksgiving shall be offered by the Bishop of Tasmania, at St. David's ('athedral, and that similar religious observances shall, as far as practicable, take place at all the churches and chapels throughout the territory. The succeeding festivities will comprise an entertainment to be given to the children of the various schools, and a display of fireworks. A committee was ap pointed to conduct the necessary arrangements, and a subscription list opened, nearly 2001. being sub scribed on the spot.—Melbourne Argus. ESCAPE OF JOLLY MITCHELL. The Melbourne Argus of June 18 gives the follow ing particulars of the map) of John Mitchell from Vim Diemen 's Lani: " Information has reached Hobart Town of the escape of Mr. John Mitchell, the Irish state prisoner, who was residing upon ticket-of-leave parole at Bothwell. The particulars of the case are as follows :—Mr. Mitchell waited a day or two ago upon Mr. Davies, the assistant police ma gistrate of Bothwell, with a letter which contained the re .houtiun of his parole of honour, and he faltered to place himself in the custody of the police. While Mr. Davies was perusing the letter, Mr. Mitchell abruptly left the office, and proceeding outside, where two fleet horses were in waiting, rode off at lull speed, accompanied by a gentleman supposed by the police to be Mr. NV. L. Susytb, the corres pondent of the New York Tribune. lie has not been heard of since. Mr. Martin. another of the state prisoners re siding in thu same district, has since reported himself to be at his auth .rised place of residence. This is the fourth of the Irish state prisoners who have escaped from the island. Mr. P. Donoghue has turned up. lie was at Tahiti en node to California, when the steamer New Orleans left for Sydney. blesses. Smith O'Brien, Martin, and O'llobetty ere all who are left in Van Diemen's Land of the men of MARIA ANTONIA RAILWAY.--Trliffie for week ending September Id, 1853, 4221. Corresponding week, 1852, 6921. Vbe Court. -...-* .-- LALHORAL, Seer. 2S. Her Majesty drove ytaterday afternoon in theope tt carriage.. Prince Albert sent tut elcer•stalking. Viscount Palmerston has left Bahnot tl for the south. The dinner pony yesterday include .1 the DreLis of Kert, Lady Augusts Btu• r. the llot. 31ra. Gordan, Lad Sir GeorgeCouper: . - - A Deputation from the Protestant Alliance had an in terview with the Earl o f Clarendon on IV 011111 Fll3y at the Foreign Office, (or the purl., a of riquesting the tnt.rrpori. tiOM the goveriauf n: on behalf of Miss Cuninghause. 11 4 deputation coaAsted of the Earl of Shaitesbuiy, Colonel Alexander, Mr. Wilbraham 1 ylnr, the its,. Dr. Beecham, Mr. T. Hamilton, Mr. J. Cu.. Evans, sad Capt. Giberte. Despatches were received at the Colonial Office ye,:rr. day fr.iin the Governor,: of Diemen's Lind, Melbourne, the Mauritius, the Calo of 0 o u Hope, std Natal. THE CH.4 NCELLOR OF THE EXCHEQUER IN THE NORTII. (From the In rernm .f.l.e►tiirr of Tuo.day.) MA. GLADSTONE AT DINGWALL. The Chancellor of the Exchequer teas presented with the freedom of this ancient burgh today. The right hon. gentleman quitted Durrobin Casth yes. terday, passing the night at Tarhat Ilou.e—the scat of the Marquis of Stafford—abd en Dioivrall at kall.pa at one o'clock. There he drove to the residence of hi. rel.dire, Mrs. Chisholm, and a ft w minutes ofterasards signitel tact he was ready to receive the magistrates and council. It happened, unfortunately, that the rrovo►t, Sir James Matheson, Bsrt., was detained at JAWS Castle, but Balite Macdonald, and the other members, ..ccouipanied by Sheriff Cameron, the Rev. Mr. Sutherland, and several othcr gen tlemen, proceeded thither. They met a most cordial re ception from the right Lon. gentleman, with whom was Mrs. Gladstone and acne .1 other ladies. Bailie MacooNALn briefly expressed the gratification with which they welcointd him to the place, and explained the resolution to which the council had alum. Mr. ()RIGOR prescntcel the burgess ticket, which bore to be given in testimony of the high re.•iiect and estitustioa entertained by the council for Liu "as the supporter Of liberal economical principles, and as one of the most ea lightened statesmen iiuunciiri who has ever taken part in the public affiri of this petit empire," and conferred upon him in the usual form th, "power to •ase and exerciie all the privileges and immun.tics " belooging to an hono rary burgess Mr. GLA DSTONII then spoke us follows—Gentleman, I accept with the liveliest pleasure, rind with strong «mi. ments of gratitude, both the burgess ticket which you have been pleased to ceufer upon me, and also the address with which you have been good enough to accompany it. If, as you have said, you think this occasieu of my visit to Dingwall one of interest to you, much tours so is it an occasion of interest to myself. My occupations have been of such • nature as not to allow :of to visit this part of the country so frequently as I could have wished. The time that has elapsed since I last had the honour of acquainting myself with Diug wall is no less than thirty-seven years. I have brought with mo now my son, who is much farther advanced in boyhood than I was then. The period I have mentioned is a largo part of human life; it comprises one full generation, and most of those whcal I now address could, it I mistake not, only have been children when I was last here. I Lave watched with the greatest interest, as it was impossible I could not but watch, the many changes which have been ef fected in this part of the country since that period. It has pleased Providence to impress this beautiful dis trict with signs and tokens on tho phy.ical conformation of the country which render it easy to retain in the memory its highly interesting features. And, so far as the surface of the land is concerned, I have witnessed with de lighted surprise how the diligence, prudence, energy, and enterprise of Scotsmen have been continually engaged in making the wilderness to blossom as the rows. Ido not mean to say that these effects are peculiar t 3 this district but I am persuaded that in no part of the country has the progress of improvement been more rapid. The town of Dingwall itself has uudergone an mire transformation since I knew it. The houses which at that time were con. spicuous for their goodness have now been thrown into the shade, and everywhere we witness delig'tful specimens of that activity and progress which now characterises every part of the country. I think you are aware that those who are counecti d Ober by blood or re collection with the llthlarals of Se.: Aland, do not easily lose their interest in the population, nor their attachment to the soil. For me, the counexion of my family with Dingwall must ever be a source of the ten derest and most endearing 149106: lion, because she to whom I owe my birth was not only a native herself, but although removed far away, for &cores of years continued to cherish an attachment towards it in a di gree not surpassed by any of its inhabitants. On every personal and domestic ground therefore I cannot but feel deeply grateful for this tribute of your regard. While saying this, lam bound to mention likewise that I cannot critically exert:the the opinion you have been pleased to pronounce upon my public conduct. I ought not, however, to omit mentioning my admi. ration of the tone and spirit in which your ad dress is conceived. In it you CY preis a just and praiseworthy Lope that 1 and toe government of which I am a member, " may long continue to eschew party war. fare, promote safe and progressive reform, and carry out in all the institutions of the state thorough and needful ame lioration." Gentlemea, 1 ith feel and believe, and it is a source of no small satisfaction to myself, that the present go vernment is distinguished more than molly which preceded it by coming less in contact with mere party organisstien, and being less pledged to the purposes of party warfare. It is composed, as you know, for the most part, of men having great experience in public service. This is my twenty-first year of public life, and yet I am, certainly not its youngest member, but still young, compared with those veteran statesmen who occupy the chief place, in the councils of her Majesty. They are united by an honourable bond; and I may take it upon me to say that their objects and wishes are no other than you have expressed. I spoke of these changes on the face of the country which are palpable to the eye, but other changes, also, have taken place, curing the lapse of those eventful years to which I have referred— changes involving a greater amount of legislative effort after improvement, and comprising larger and more benefi cial results than have ever been gathered together during any period of the same length iu the history of our country. Looking to the course which legislation has taken—setting minor objects aside—allowing for that freedom of opinion which, thank God, prevails in this country—and for the differences with which that freedom must be at'ended, I think we must all feel diet the institutions of the country have been working well—that they have been working for the benefit of the mass of the community. The steps taken may by some be deemed too slow or too short ; but, on the whole, they have been in what is called the right direction—the character of the policy which the country has pursued has been of a nature which will honourably distinguish her history, and which marks her state and condition in a manner the most favourable as compared with those of other nations. When Lord Aberdeen took office he declared it to be his special mission—not of course, putting other objects aside—to defend, complete, and seal that great work of commercial reform the extension of which has been the main characteristic of the last ten years. I hope you think him faithful to his pledge. At this par ticular moment, when it is pleasing Providence to Frew on other nations something like a scarcity of the fruits of the earth, I hope there are none among those whom I address who do not feel profoundly thankful for the adop tion of that wise policy, by which we h eve removed every trammel and restraint on the supply of that article upon which oar population are dependent for subsistence. It is the lot sf man to labour—to earn his bread by labour; but it was a sad and miserable delusion when, in addition to this penalty laid upon him in the wise counsel of God, we undertook to interfere and render scarce by artificial laws the bread upon which he is to subsist. I really must say that all who took a part in the beneficial work of altering those laws ought to feel thankful to the Almighty for being permitted to share in carrying through measures so bene ficial in their tendency, so full of benevolence towards the masses of the community, and—if I must add another motive—so calculated as that legislation has been, and has shown itself to be, to strengthen the attachment of the people to the institutions of I the country, and to confirm alike their sentiments of reser ince fur law, their loyalty to the tnrune, and their &Noe -1 cation of the blessings they enjoy from the constitution under which they live. There never was a more signal example of the advantages to be derived from the adop t tion of wise and well-considered improvement than that ' exhibited by this country. These must speak to the mind of every public man, and recommend a perseveralice 'in that course which experience has shown to he fresgbt with so much benefit. And, if other encouragements be needed, they are to be derived while travelling through the land from meetings such as this—where intelligent men, chosen to represent the wants, wishes, and interests of paiticslar localities, come forward to receive us with ex pressions of decided approval and kindly overlook our many deficiencies. I trust the effect of these testimonies will be to inspire us with a determination to devote ourselves, so Wog as we remain the nts of the crown, with at least single ness of purpose and without regard to party nhjects, to the promotion of the public welfare. 1 tug age« most sin cerely and cordially to express my gratitude for the hono ur you have done me, and to ex p ress th e satisfaction w ith which I accept the freedom of this burgh which it has Dean your pleasure to confer upoa me, and have listened to the wise, sound, and judicious a dd r es s with which it was ac companied. Wine was then served round to the company ; Mr. Glad stone drinking to the prosperity of the burgh. The cere mony then ended, and the assembly separated.