The Express. — London, England, 1848-06-03 00:00:00

2 • IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS.—FRIDAT, JUN E 2. The LORD Cuartcniza,oz took his seat at 6 o'sbeek. PRIVArtt BUSINESS. SROOND READINGIL-Rail of (Bengali's Wats; HaarAMA =r e' ; a irs a wl New t etrlll 4 l end aPr al; LlWl rnee• al. station ; 111 ; THUD READINGS.-National Monument co , Peollaiad Area & meat ; Birkenhead Duck Company Amendment; PUBLIC BUNINKSA. THIRD READINGS.-Smoke Prolitaition: Parliamentary Pro. Aittournment; Poor Houses (Ireland); eVrrIONS.-Earl FIT ZHARDINGE and Lord BLAI:310s T, Pew several lodges of Odd Fellows, in favour of the bias for soolettea-The Duke of RICHMOND, from Kama. and another Pimie In Scotland, against the Registration vuotland) Bill; the Bart of HOUSTON, from several plasm in Scotland; the Fart of SELKIR has a place is Scotland not heard; to the same effect-beet CAMP BELL. teem Renfrew, praying for an alteration in the law of mar riags.-Lord BROUGHAM, iron. inharataats of tendon, so upla ndaE of interrup.ion to their bogus+ by the chartht procemloes. CHARTIST PROCESSIONS IN LONDON. Lord BROUGHAM, on p re senting the petition from London on the subjmt, wished to call attention to what had been going on in the s treets of the metropolis. Anything more intolerable than those proceedings, or more hurtful in their tendency to trade, and vexatious to the peaceable in habitants of this town, could not be conceived; and there was no know i ng at any moment to what extent they might be carried. Hs alluded to the preemie's". Ile coo d us. derstand meetings for legal object', in moderate !tomboy, but the right had almost degenerated into a wrong. As to processions, however; that the business of the pesplo o f this great eapitul should be interfered with-as it had been to the scandal of France in Peri' by similar precessions, to the alarm of the inhabitants and the government - was mon strous. They did not ; retend that they met for the purposes of diseumion-they placardnl bills with the words "the 29th May" on them-and marched in large numbers from one cad of the metropolis to the other; thee did not dare to come down to Westminster, or they w. old meet with a dis agreeable reception; but he had been told by tradespeople that the customers did not come to their shops in the numbers in which thee used to do when these dirplays of force were not made. However good the r objict might be, cal forbid that they sheuld attain it by such unlawful means. The needless usertion to which the troops, the police, and special constables were exposed was also a souroe of great annoyance. lie had no fear of an outrage-he did not think there would be any attempt at it ; and if there was he was sure there would not be a second. But what he complained of was the Is .raesimit of the troops, the police, the s p ec ial constable", and She public. (Hear, hear.) The Duke of WELLING lON mid the whole town bad been under arms for four nights, and he wished their lord ships could turn their attention to the prevention of this evil. There were two modes; one was to prevent the assembly of large bodies of persons, and another was to make those persons who called these meetings together. under any pretence whatever, responsib.e in their pock, to for the con sequences attending them, and they would not then bs so ready to call these meetings fir the only purpow of making an cration, inciting aseaseina , ion, and making threats against the Queen and all the °titters of state. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE said it was not intended that these prLcessions shond he allowed. They had been arrested in their progress, and every meats had beta takes to defeat the object of the promoters of such meetings. At the 112 MC time they had been prodietive of great ineonve nience. The placard to which the noble lord hail alluded , for the 2 3.11 of Slay, had retemnee only, he believed, to the opening of Cremornegardens. (A lough.) The Duke of RICHMOND would siooost that the magis trates in L lon should carry the law into execution. When there was an org ini , ed system such PP that of the chartists, and they ill-us^d the police, it appeared to him that the government should diet the perpetrator , of such outrsges. I)epend upon it that if some twenty or thirty of them were indicted at the next sus ions of the Central Criminal Court, they would soon find the.e processions an unprofitable affair. He did not ss ish to see the soldiers called out; hut he would advise the chartists to beware, (or soldiers were men, and when they were called out there might be no means of re straining them. Lori DENMAN said it was right that people should know the diaper they were incurring at them meetings; it was obvious that they could not be endured, at d if the speeches in the newspapers were true, they could not he made with out incurring great risk. They firmed in fact one of the most serious offences known to the law. Even if the object were most loyal and lawful, it would not be desirable to see it carried by unlawful means. Ile wished, as an old re former, to express his sense of the impolite of exciting the public mind at this moment se to particular measures of reform. He thought It calculated to endanger all reform. THE AFFAIRS OF SPAIN. Lord STANLEY said-Sioce the last time of your lord ships meeting you have had an opportunity of examining the papers in a x planation of the eircumssances under which her Majtatt's minister at Madrid has been ordered to leave Spain. I am not ab art to enter upon any discussion of the merits of those papers. I am not desirous of calling upon I the government for any premature declaration of the tonne ', which they may feel it their duty to adopt in the very grave circumstances is which the two c.unuies are placed. Bat I think that those papers are tranif. fitly incomplete, that there are evidences upou the face of them of important omissions. But, moreover, there is a most material part of the ease upon which information is required, nail that is, whether any statement ha, b. en made on the part of the government of Spain with regard t 3 the motive which may been led them to take so strange a step. Therefore, while I think this is a out ject deserving of the instant and vigilant attention of parliament, the only question I wish to ask the noble marquis is, whether any communication has been made from the Spani.h government as to the motives which in duced that government to desire S:r Ilency Bulw, r to leave . Madrid? and, if such a statement has been r. ceived, I am desirous of knowing whether, sod within what period, it will be submitted to parliament ; The Marquis of LANSDOWNE said, I shall hare se hesitation in stating that, in addition to the papers that have been laid on the tahle of this house, there have been Mote, Cuomo the only legitimate channel tnrough which they could be received, some further communications. I cannot, ' however. say that these afford any satisfactory explaaation of the many,. of the Spanish government. but I ao not con sider the correspondence ha* yet closed. Information has been given of further explanations to he made, and until an opportunity has been afforded to elicit all the information to be obtained no further communication w ill be made to this house, nor do I think this hou.e will be disposed to call for it. It is oaly within the lest two or three days that the ad ditional information has been forwarded by the Spanish go vernment. The moment these documents containing all the explanation that the Spanish government can give are complete there will nut be the least hesitation in laying them fully upon the table of your lordships' house. As to the omission of certain parts in the cerrespondence now upon the table, to which the noble lord has referred, I an not now about to enter into any discussion on the subject ; sal I can only say that when those papers come before your lordships I can undertake to artist) , your lordships, and, I think, the noble lord, that there has been no omission im properly made, and none that atonal be satisfactorily ex plained acd accounted for. IRELAND. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE said he had to lay on the table pipers with reverence to Ireland, and as repeated In quiries had been mode in that house with respect to tran sactions in Ireland be would state what was the amount of relief anal assistance afforded to Ireland, and what were the measures contemplated for mitigating the distress there. In the whole of the two years the sum of 8,737,0001.; hail be. n advanced for the service of Ireland, which included the amount of 339,0001. which ead been advanced for the purpose of promoting railroads in that citatory. He was not about to vindicate the application of these loans in every respect to which they had been applied, but great good he had no doubt had been effected by the loans to railways. He wouhl now explain what was the pr sent state of the assistance to Ireland. He thought the real regenerating principle to be applied was to be found not in large advances from this coun try but in the awakened spirit of exertion in Ireland herself. In thoea districts where seed could not he procured the dis trait was still great. In addition to the poor law, which hail proved to a great degree effective for its purpose in having spared • great amount of human life, very considerable as sistance had been afforded by the " British Relief Associa tion," carrying on its operations of charity and benevolence upon a scale greater than was ever known before in any coun try, and under a system of ruanagem,nt the most perfect, and which had induced the government to avail themselves of their machinery to administer the amount of aid that might be tortured in particular parts of the country in training end educating children. 201,100 children bad been thug provided for. I The noble mar quis then read from a report proofs of the great benefit afforded by the Britil Relief Association, which had expended upwards of 112,001,14 The government had thought it elesirablo to see that where the resources ap plied to the education of ell ren, arid occasional assistance to untor.s, had failed, y should he elution( d until slier next harvest. As to the loans which hail been made by the govern ment, they did not intend to ask for the payment of any of the instalments until after the next harvest, and applica tion would be made to parliament fur the postponement of these instalments. He could not help calling particular atten tion to theservices of the gentleman who for two years had de voted body and soul to the administration of those hinds, re quiring the utmost ioduatry and care-he meant Count Zeleski, a Polish nobleman who had refused to take the smalieet remuneration for hi,, services. His exertions for the country's weal hail been fir greater than that of many pro fessed patriots there. (Hear, heir.) 'there was now a greater amount of cultivation ir. Ireland than ever these had been before. The noble menioi. concluded by laying the papers on the table. Earl FITZ WILLIAM coneeived, that though there was much that was gratifying in the statement of his noble friend, it was not altogether satisfactory. There was but one mode of conferring permanent benefit upon Ireland, and effecting those changes in the condition of the various classes In Ireland, but especially of the rural population, which it wax the duty of the government to being about - t hat was a large awl exteneive measure of emigration. POOR LAW (IRELAND). On the motion of the Earl of LUCAN the select committee oar this subject was nominated PA lILIAMENTARY PROCEEDINGS BILL. Lord STANLEY moved the third ruading of this bill. Lord CAMPBELL eonteiel . that the bill was altogether enneeeseary : it was is osehos bat mischievous, awl all that it proposed to do might he dine hy a reeoiation of setner hone°. Ile moved thut elan a third time that day six month.. Lord LANGDALE ',aka et • •.se 'rr gth. but in so low • tone that whether in aupport ..r tocst Gr. bill it was iat possib'e in the gallery to hese. laird WIIARNCIffFFE . r. '1 ;hr. hill, which he al i I would enable either lo .. : in tie ,esse si • PUBLIC BUSINFRS. PETITIONS.-111 Mr. Sheriff DILL, at the bar of the home. from the corpondion of London, agalnat Smiley trading. -An Hon. Member. nom Os war, emnplaining of :he inequality of the present eyntra of rating.—Sli C. BURRELL, from Mipbuilders and ship owners Ma place in Sussex, nominal any Menge in the navigation lawa.—Dr. BOWRINO. from Dutch inhabitants of Colburn, nape of Good Hope, complaining of want of representative government; and from Preston and Bolton, for parliamentary reform, Mr. F. MAPEKSZIE, from Kiltimmodi, in favour of Sites of Churches (Scotland) Hilt —Mr. ID iovsrr, from Pdarhyn, amain oale of spirits on Sabbath day.—Mr. FORBEs, Iron Surfing, preying for alteration in the Lunatic Asylums (Scotland) Bill EPORT.—Law of Entail {Scotland) Bill. RETURNS ORDERED.—tin the motion of Mr. DODD, rasps showing e amalgamation of railways, the rotating lines, and them In progve in Crest Britain and Leland.--Mr. VLF:Mt:MN, martens returns relative to poor-low unions in Ireland.—On the motion dile.. SULLIVAN, return of the numbs rof counties in 'Mond proclaimed by the Lord Lieutenant, under the act entitled " An Act for the better preservation of Life and Property In Ireland." distinguishing the bamnies in each county so predefined ; a statement of the number and description of crimes which e.auwil such proclamation to be I. iinsl ; the number of police ient into each county or barony inmarce of Mae-arms; the number and description of arms (if any) 14.12(41 in such barmy; the actual mot of troneferring the police to the district proclaimed, distinguishing the . r um pant tar car or coach convey ance. Ac.; and also the ansmint of acreable tax inturred upon each distort or barony by suc h proclamation. NOTICFM OF MOTlON.—heat.osis.—Mr. R. CRAWFORD, on arse oupply slay alter the Whimuntide mom, I. move that the prevent distracted state of Ireland demands the Instant attention of wham at, limb a view to the enactment of such measures or will improve her condition, redress her grienunces, retobliah the rights of ohs people, and thereby promote the feral order and pperity M that part of tie empire, and give lacressed security to her Majesty'. crown. ANSWER TO ADDRESS TO THE THRONE. Mr. LASCELLES brought up her Majesty's answer to the address of condolence on the death of the Princess Sophia, expressing her Mejesty'a thanks therefore. ADJOURNMEN f OF THE HOUSE. On the motion of Sir U. Geste', it was agreed that the house at its rising adjourn to Monday. VAN DIEMEN'S LAND. Mr. HAWES (iii reply to Mr. Anstey) said that des patches were only just received announcing the promotion of one of the justices of the Supreme Court of Van Diemen's Land, which was no act of the executive here, but of the go vernor on the spot, and that they contained no accounts rela ting to the removal of the chief iustice. NAVIGATION LAWS. On the ooler of the day for resuming the adjourned debate on this qiieoion, Mr. ()LADS TON E said, that without entering into figures oc details, he should simply endeavour to lay before the house the grounds which led him to the opinion he enter taiued upon it. The question was not whether they con sidered the plan of the government in all its details, or the outline of that plan, to be the beat that could be dodged. The question fairly raised by the motion of his right hon. relied the member for &Arafura was, whether they were prepared to make an extensive change not only in the par ticulars but in the principle of the present navigation lame and to that question he wee prepared to give • deliberate answer in the affirmative. (" Hear, hear," from the minis terial side of the t ease.) Ile understood his right lion. friend to say that the principle o. the navigation laws was this—that in regard bath to our domestic and colonial trade we should require absolutely an exclusive right for our shipowners; but that, in regard to foreign trade, it was a free question how far upon th^ principle of reei- . procity we might admit foteigners to an equality. His right honourable friend, therefore, adulate! that he was by no means prepared to take his stand upon the present laws, but was ready to discuss the propriety of an extension of trade and privileges upon an equal footing with all dominions excepting those of her Britannic Majesty. If the navigation laws were to he altered, and in his ( Mr. Gladstone's) opinion they ought to be, the pre-ent was certainly the most seasonable time for doing ors Great attempts had been made to throw upon the sup; amen of the measure now prep lied the onus of proving its necessity ; as if the question was now mooted for the first time, or as if it had nn analogy in principle with the re cent commercial legislation of this country. That I. giala tion was founded on the principle that upon the whole the more free and unrestricted we could make competition as applied to the proceedings of trade, the better would those proceedings be conducted. (hear, hear.) That was the identied principle on which it was now proposed to utter the navigation laws, and being so, the onus of proof that they ought not to be altered surely lay with those who contended that they ought to remain ae they are. No. t iing, howevi r, scented to him ;Lore clear or capable of proof, than that the present was the fitting moment to ex amine and finally decide whether we ought to continue them as part of cur commercial code, or place them upon a die. fereot Lasis. lie conceived that America had gained great honour by the chalieoge she had thrown at the feet of her Majesty's government. Ile must say, too, with regard to Prussia, that she did not deserve the rebuke administered to her by his right hon. friend for her conduct in this matter. She gave us notice that she required at our hands an entire equality of stealing, and that, tailing in her demand, she in tended to abrogate the convention exiting between her and this country. At this moment access to the ports of Prussia, from all parts of the g10b..., was granted to British ships; but Prussian ships were not allowed in our ports unless pro eye ing from Prussian pert'. Was it right then for his right hon. friend to speak, as he did on Monday night, in such reproachfel terms of Prussia and her marititne posi tion? Surely his right hon. friend must know that for com neerei el purposes Prussia presents to us a population of 20 or 25,000,000 of peeple—a people, too, who are amongst the greatest consumers of our e immodities. Prussia, therefore, was a Seat. class power in this question—(hear); and, acting with justice herself, she was eutitled to an equality with us. (Heme) lie must say that the day was gone by when we could arrogate to ourselves an ascendancy in this matter. (" Hear," from air. Hume.) A' for the menace which his right honourable friend spoke of as emanating from Pristine, he could only observe that if Pros sia entertained the alleged intention, and which she was entitled to entertain, she was equally entitled to say to us that if we also did not relax our restrictions she would tighten her.. It appeared to him to be by far the mat friendly and just course to give us lull and explicit notice of her intenti ,o, and an nee:nullity of escaping from the inconvenience which a refusal on our part to deviate from the prevent system would entail upon acv. With regard to the colonies his right hon. friend teemed to think that because there had been no memorial or claim from them there was no necessity to consider their position in reference t these laws. That would he no j wit ilication for not altering these laws if they prated ineffective or injuri us in their operation. L0.,1e at the Australian colonies. They derived no benefit whatever from these protective laws; on the contrary, by the operation of these laws, the Australian colonist was cemptlied to send his wool to this country, to compete with the wool; of Germany, which were not brought one-tenth the dis tance. And was it fair that, with this disadvantage of distarce, he should be limited in the choice of his freights, and that it a German ship was ljing at Sydney, after landing a cargo of emigrants, he ehould be obliged to clear her to come home in ballast, because he was prohibited from using her as a conveyance to this market fur his produce i (Hear, hear.) Again, also, with regard to copper ores. Some most valuable mines had been opened in South Australia, and was it fair to tell the Aletralien colonist that, not merely in ap pearance, but virtually, ditthrenti I duties were imposed against his competition with the copper ore of Cuba, by reason of compelling him to pay to tho British shipowner whatever freight he mieht demand Then, again, with re gard to the case of Jamaica, there had been a good deal of misunderstanding. It boil been said that the people of Ja maica were anxious for ass alteration its the navigation laws, because it would reduce the freights on their sugars to the British market, but it were also end that the same alteration would give the eamend vantage to the saga , producer of Cuba ; and, therefore, as no direct ad irantinte was gained, the failure in that respect was a sufficient argument to destroy the force of the memorial which had been sent from Jamaica to her hinkery's government on the subject of the navigation law:. This, however, was • great Wiley, ior his right hon. friend the member for Stamford (Sir G. Clerk) was himself ready to make all the foreign trade of this country the sub ject matter for negotiations with other nations, and to eon eider whether American ship' might not bring the seams of the planters of Cuba to this country at such reduced freights os the latter could bargain for ; but, with all his love for the colonies, his right hon. friend would insist that, with regard to Jeumico, the monopoly of the British shipowner shuuld continue as it now was, and thus an advantage would be given to the foreign producer in Cuba which was refu.ed to the British planter in Jamaica. (Hear, hear.) But there was another point of consideration which showed that the present was is most fitting time to enter upon a revision of the navigation laws. For the last few years the legislature had been most active in a course of commercial legisletion, and had done more than ever had been or could be done again in a similar manner by laws to ad 1 to the bulk and weight of the imports of this country. By that legislation the shipping interest+ had been etimu toted, the field fur their piirmits had b. en enlarged, and the present, therefore, was thu time to ' , object the ship owner, who now had the greatest fit Id for em ployment he ever panned, to conditions. (Hear, hear.) Amore; all the questions raised on this subject, there was no coufliet with the interests of a clash By some, however, it watt felt that the ri lotion of this question to the national de fences, was a subject of importance which ought not to be omitted from consideration ; and in my noblemen and h n. gentlemen, who had themselves been stripped of pro tection, came forward with great patriotism msintain for others that protection which they themselves had leo, and not merely with an alotract attachment to commerc-, but I)2cm:se they believed conscientiously that to otter tho exist. Gig novigation laws, wnnld be t o week( n the net) nil de fences of the country. It might be weakness on his part, but he was rot reputed to follow in the lofty flight which had uteu taken by some, In referinci to this pert ear too sufej.et. It hod tome soh! that .is t'_., carrying THE EXPRESS. FfiTeRDAT / tNi'ANING, JUNE 8, 1848. , Waal °nutty. oven belief ki, divorce or other bill on which it might require further in formation, to suspend it and resume it in the following see sloe, without requiring it to go again through ell the stages it had already pawed. This would be a great convenience, prevention unneeeesery entwine end delay. Lord REDESDALE repeated the objeetions which he had urged on former stenos of the bill. He did not think it would at all reach the evils for the prevention of which it was in tend• d. Lord MONTEAOLE supported the bill. Lord STANLEY briefly replied; end the bill, with one or two amendments, was read a third time and passed. Their lordships adjourned at hali.psot 8 o'clock. HOUSE OF (X)MMONS.—FaIDAY, Jure 2. The Breaks& took the chair et 4 o'clock. PRIVATE BUSINEAR. Clarence Railway asd Leeds and Tbusk Railway Amalgamation ; Dublin and Mulling,' Turnpike-road ; Pest Linceimbile Railway (alteration of ()net G dumb, Man.%) ; Edinburgh and (lisagow Rail visy (No. I) (amendment of acts and branches, Sic.) Exeter. Sexed, M and Dorcbmter Railway awl branches. Forth and Clyde Na vigation, and Airdrie and (':!Abridge Water ; Lemis Central Railway titir ; Kilisbury anal Yeovil Railway lints. Et:PORI' L'ONSIDEMED.—hlie.dle Level Drainage Ada Amend ment Bill. ive the jettil ‘ 'Prone& *Oat thl cest wet deli did nol be • • partinipeeina Ja the coasting trade of this eons Now he did not think that soy hon. mem ber, in his isemedlate neighbourhood, enterteined the f that if the eberetine trade was opened to America, any vessel with the (leg of the stars and stripe, would ever engage in it. (Hear, hear.). practically it would be an idle and an empty permission We had a coasting and • colonial trade America had no co lonies, hut had a misting trade equivalent to a colonial trade • and with our connexions in North America and the West 'lndies, to the north and south of the United States, we were In • position to take • very beneficial part in that trade. America was ready to give us all we gave her. If we gave her the coasting trade, we were entitled to ask for her coasting trade; but by giving her our colonial trade only. we withheld what was worthlem, but which would enable her to refuse valuable concretion% to us because we had not given up all. (Hear, hear.) He cordially concurred iii the general principle of the relaxation of the navigation laws; he was sincerely desirous to give effective support to this measure, and should he sorry to take any step to iejuni it. On the either hand, he hoped that ministers would not va themselves precluded front accepting any eilinrestions which upon discussion they might colloid. r an improvement. (Hear.) With regerd to the general principles, he never telt more certain of their soundness, of their appicatelity the cam in hand, or that the time hail come which was marked out for their application. A petition presented the previous day from merchants, &c., in the City, declined that this was the last moment for touching the navigation laws' he much wondered to what clam of considerations these gentlemen could have applied their minds; for whether he looked at the aspect of affairs on the continent, the posi tion now assumed by Preemie. or the sn ps taken by the United States, ho never remembered • great question where the preliminary coosidermion of time had been a, deter minedey settled and pointed out by the concurrence of im portant circumstances. (Hear, hear.) In one sense, cer tainly, it might be true that this was the last moment tor touching the navigation laws; for if th e question were po t. poned a year or two the opportunity of considering it might bo for ever lost. I HeirHe.ir.l Fur whenever wit bud endea voured to plead the relaxation of our commercial code as an argument with other countries, we hail always been m t with the observation that that argument came too late from us, for that we had always clung Is our restrictions as tine as we ceuld, and had only surrendered them under the pees sure of overpowering necessity. Considering what was the avowed intention of one great maritime power, and observing that the course of political change on the continent was not favourable to commercial freedom, he feared that if we refused to close with the fair offer, though made in an unfriendly form, by Priiihia, this might really be thi , last moment for considering the navigation laws. (Heat, hear.) Much sympathy had barren expressed for the British shipowner. Did he alone fear the competition of foreigners? Did he labour under greater disailventeges in this respect than other interests from whom protection had been removed Did not all teed.* pay higher wages, and buy their materials dearer, than the same trades in other countries ? Yet these classes were abl••, not only to hold up their heads in the se neer! competition of comm. fee, but hi take the lead in the race. (Hear.) So would it be with the shipowner. it had the same advantages u other trades — in enme respects greater. He had in his favour the unpa ralleled cheapness of capital, the enormous trade of this country, which being the chief home of trade, and a so his home, his employment lay almost at hie door, while his foreign competitors would have to seek it at a distance. Ile had the immense commercial connexion of this couetry, and the high comm. re al character it bore, which paseased a pecuniary as well as a moral value. Besides that, he hal the geograplecal position of the country, se admirably placed between the canines of trade in the led world and the raw, so that th, ir Gale must of necessity pass Engle, d. He had what was more than all these, the maritime genius of the nation, the hold mid ehterprisine disposition which made an Heel shelves feel himself at home upon the wave, that power which characterised us beyond all nations of the globe, and which made it true of British navigators and merchants that the whole worli was lb. ir home. (Cheers ) With these a - !- vantages be surely ought not to dread the permaaent and general effects of any competition into which he might be called to enter. Former fears h•ert bee n tested by experience, and proved to be wholly unfounded. It was said that the reciprocity treaties would ruin the country ; multitudes of calamities had been predict. d to smelt, therefrom ; yet it was now said the atate of things was a i satisfactory that on no menu,' should it be interferel with. (Hear, hear.) Taking therefore, not theory, but past experience, for their guide, let them not hesitate to adopt the ehanste proeneeed in its main prinaplss; and adopting these principles boldly and heneetly, and applying them firmly, we might rely on their working oue their own renal% It now, and without fur ther delay, we sanctioned the principle of freedom of nevem. lion, we might expect cur example to have a powerful in fluence on foreign coantries ; fir we hail already the first fruits of that result in the invitation given to us by so great • power as America. And when England and. America concurred in setting the example, it would h • difficult indeed for other notions to resist it; they would be drawn iuto com pliance by moral ties, and considerations of expediency as well. The ocean, the great highway of nations, would become as free for the ships of all as the winds that swept over its bosom; and &rallied would thus achieve aeother tri umph, and add another contribution to the general prospe rity of all nations. (Cheers.) Mr. Ill:USW( wit he had the honour to represent n borough where the largest amount of ship-building was car ried un of shy place in the kingdom, and where 25,000 out of the 70,000 inhabitants were employed in it; and on this account he felt hound to expiate his views on this impurta it question. The right hurt. gentleman who had last spoken hal disapproved of almost every part of the gimernment measure—to carry out his own vines, let him support the amendment of the hon. member for Stamford. (Hesr.) The right Lon. gentleman hail alluded to the tact that the low priced vessels built in our colonies were dearer than those built at home. This was perfectly true ; bas', when we had to compete with the ship•builders if Dalitiec and the Premien ports, the case would be very different. At present the trade tram Ramis was carried on with English ships; but very men it would be found more convenient to maser British skill in ship-building to the place where ;he materials existed rather than to bribe the materials here to .ie wrought up. The shipbuilder of Sunderland stated that ho was eubji cc to charges from which the Circlets ship•buildere were exempt, equivalent to not lees than el. 10i. nee. ton. It was true that the shipping of this country had been highly prosperous during the last year ; but from a return of the ships ent..fing the hurt of Sunderland for ten years, since the p sin¢ of the reciprocity treaties, he found that the number of Ala Iron Sweden, Norway, l'russia, and lianov, r, seemly exceeded the number of B h ships—the latter hang 95, while the former was 350. (Hear.) Should the proposed measure pass into law, the sehhbuildine trade woad, in a grea , mea sure, leave this country ; at Sunderland, about 13 00J hands would be thrown out of employ ; and already there was quite a ategna'ion of the trade, owing to the uncertainty *filch prevailed as to this measure. lion. gentlemen opposite said that, having adopts - 1 free trade measures, we must progress; but he was a bold man who cuuld hold that language. Leek at the state of the woe king claws in the manufacturing di., 'flees, arid the country generally. If such was the effect of free trade measures, the sooner we revered to pro tective measures the better. in the We-I Indies the elanters hal been almost wholly destroyed :by the nee-trade measures ; and a committee of that house bad re esenmendee. that their protection should he restored. In the event of a great fall in the price of cone, the agriculturists at hnmo would again demand protection; and, if the shipping interest were next sacrificed, what was to he the math of all this? Surely, it would be wisdom to wilt till the measures already adopted had bad a fair trial. The people had been promised abut idan t ean ploy ru tat from tee free-trade measures, thsteed or which employment had been diminished and . wages reduced. (hear.) The present meisure threat , neel to deprive of employment 26,090 of the reopte of Seethe land, who were directly dependent on ehipemitiling ; and there were probably 25,000 snore, indirectly dependent on the soma interest. It was most harsh to deprive such large bo dies of employment at one stroke. (Hear.) The right hon. gentleman (Mr. Gladstone) was clearly bound to support the amendment; for he even disapproved of proceeding in this ca-e by leeplation, and thought treaties the preferable course. (Hear, hear.) He had criticised every point of the proposed measure with great ability ; and yet he had come to the extraordinary conclusion that rte ought to support it. If the measure were curled. it certainly ought not to he no- co:rip:mica by any restriction on British shipowners, either as to the composition of their crew, or en any other matter. ((fear, hear.) Ile differed from tne hon. mem. her fur Menchester (Mr. (Dimon) in thinking that the only thing worthy the notice of parliam. at was commerce. Surely an object well deserving the considers ion of the legislature was the means of giving employment to the poor. ((Lae.) Ile much regretted thee a member of the goveinmi nt had chosen to cast aspersions on the British to urine. Out of the large number of 33,000 mistime it was impossible but that mime should be of objectionable cha racter. The returns from the consuls on this suhject had been ably analysed by his hon. friend near him tMr. Hen• ley) ; thiet was a book which ought never to have he n bald ou MC table of the house; and en , ry one interested in our marine must regret that it hail ever fit en produced.. (Hear.) He implored the house to pause before adopting a measure which must involve a most important interest in ruin, and which must, to a large extent, destroy the ship-building trade of this country. At al events, let them pause. Sec what was the effeatot the free trade measures already passed. There was no demand for the measure now proposed; it might very well be deferred for an ineefinite period. It was said Prussia demanded it ; but let not the legislature make conees-ions to Prussia which would he injurious to our own country; at all events let some countervailing advan tage be teetered. The corn law had been repealed in a panic, otherwise some valuable concessions might have been obtained from the United States, in return for the admission of their grain. (Hear, hear.) We had taken largely of grain from Prussia and other continental states ; and hal we made the most of this, surely some advantage might have been obtained from those countries. The ship ping interest was now apparently about to he sacrificed fir no object whatever ; the only inducement being that we might propitiate Prussia or America. Gevernment were pushing on the measure ; but, for his part, he should take every opportunity of opposing it. Why had it not been brought 'inward earlier, and not delayed until June > The inquiry bet ore the committee had been abruptly brought to • clam. One make branch of the question—the national de• fence—had been left untouched, with the exception of the examination a single witness. If the tnemuro pissed. he hoped it would he with the amendment of the right hon. geetleman (Mr. Gladstene). The proposal was either too large or ton small ; it threatened to destroy our commercial marine, without enuring an advantage to coy other interest. Let not the house be led away by eulogies ore the fanciful advantages of tree trestle, none of which had us yet heels real ise I. (Hear, hear.) Under the present law shin, were built at Sualerlend cheaper than in any other place. That port furnished one-third of the shipping of this kingdom ; hut, seeing how little British timber was employed. it was imeeeehlo to reetet the eeachmien. taut, if tow ea.:lame be- Vii, is would a.. oaf all perible— mon for um to the la. keine oi trier,' or In the emit of any grim eldea Now he (Mr. Gladstone), though he afid not antleiPate forthwith • reign of universal peace, yet cherished the sanguine hope that when the benign contagion (Ulm might so speak) of recent commercial legislation bad spread among other nations, it weuld do much to strengthen the bonds of amity, and thereby to diminish the frequency of war. (Hess, hear.) The facility of manning the navy from the merc h an t service was greater than some honourable lumbers seemed to suppose. In a former debate on the navy eseiniates, his hon. friend the late Secretary of the Ad-• miralty bad quoted some figures in refereace to this seined, which were worthy of attention. His hon. friend, on the occasion in question, had referred to the great and sudden in crease of the naval force whieh had been brought *bout on the breaking out of the war in 1793. Before that war the newel force of this country was from 16,000 to 18,000 men, while the mercantile marine consisted of 1,600,000 tons. The nannies of the mercantile marine was now 1 ,000, 0 00 tons. He bad already' stated that at the breaking out of the war in 1793, the naval force of this country was from 16,000 to 18,000 men, but in 18 months Iron that pi rind it was increased by the supply afford d from the mercantile marine to 86,000 men. So that with en increased amount of tonnage now an adequate supply might be obtained. Un doubtedly the introduction of steam into the navy must have • most important influence on this part of the ques tion, not only because it diminished the limits on which the country would be dependent on its commercial marine, hut because it would be to the steam force that the country w. uld mainly have to look for the execution of sudden operations. Hence he held that the question really to he considered was the purely commercial question—vix., what would be the effect of removing or relaxing the navigation laws? Ile was papered to waist in altering those laws, under the conviction that the effect of judicious changes would be, not to limit or diminish, but to extend and strenwhen the mercantile marine, and with it the com merce of the country. ( their, hear.) It was asked on the other side how it would be possible fur the British shipowner without protegion, to compete with the foreigner, seeing that the loaner paid twice u much fur his timber—that the octet of feeding his crews was twice as much—and the wages able men were double thou of the foreign shipowner. Ile would nut inquire whether these allegations could he sus tained—he thought there was some exaggeration about them —but, assuming that they were correct, there was nu reason to apprehend that the B • h shipowner would he left behind by any rival. It was said that their rivals had the cheapest means of constructing their ships and of manning them. Why, then, had they not already driven the British ship- owners (Torn the currying trade—why was it that the leases and other nations had not been ab:e to drive them from trades which were strictly and literally unprotected? (Hear, hear.) As to the cheapness of ships, if it was of such an i memos advantage, .liy did not the British owner build his ships in liritish N, rib Anierien, where they could be constructed u cheaply as in any country on the elehe Why, bemuse he could purchase the ship built in British North America here Ist less than prime cost. This tact had Leen demo:tetra', d some years ago, when it was shown that new ships br o ught from British N ores America to ibis country car. essd t the °whereof whieh coo d afford to sell them at less then prime coat, because they reimbursed themselves by the produce their fr. ights. This had been stated at the time upon the very highest . uthority ; and if the fact were so, the British shipowner had even now not only the power to build his ships in the cheapest country in the world, but also to bey shire so built at lees than their prime cost. (Hear, hear.) Bat why did he not unit himself of these powers? IS, cause these ships did not last, and because, as was shown by the register at they preferred building leaps of the first class, and of undoub•eil durabili'y. With se sps ct ' to the cheapness of manning Braidh ships, it was sad this I country could not compete with Denmark or Sweden, and many other countries. Why so, it the American• could th, so ? America peel higher wages and victualled her ships on a more expensive scale than did this country, and yet America did not fear a competition with Denmark. She extended her commerce more than had either Denmark or Sweden, and America was the only rival this country had to fear. Away then with the bugoear of cheapness. They had to fear only a reentry that had capital, commerce, enter prise, extended citnnexions ; and was there any one of these particulars in which theist Brits% could not meet that country ? Hear.) $o far, therefore ' as • judgment could be formed from elements of this kind, there was nu reason to apprehend serious or permanent injury to any branch of the maritime trade of this country from a fair and just comp etitioe with other nations. At tho same tense he fully admitted that the system it was proposed now to alter was complicated, and that the house was called upon to undo a complicated web of restrictions. True it was, that the shipowner was invested, at present, with • monopoly as against foreigners ; hut then he had to meet the monopoly of seamen—of shipbuilden—and of manning his ship, more expensively, by being compelled to carry en unnecessary numNr of apprentices. Besides all these, he had to meet also the disadvantages arising from impressment. All these fetters ought to be removed from the rhipown, r hear) ; he had a perfect right to claim Ire. dam from these disadsantaree, and he) Mr. Gladstone) would add that he could not think it right that he should be forced to man his ships with three-fourths British seamen. (Hear, hear.) This, he must say, was a most unsound policy, because it checked every inducement to register Ms ships a, B • h ships. On all these points, he contended, the British ship owner ought to be left perfsetly free. ( Hear, hear.) At present the seaman bad a sort of monopoly against the ship owner, while on the other hand he suffered under the ex isting laws from liablity to forted service in the navy, and from the tax on his wages in aid of the Merchant Seamen's Fund, which at present was worked contrary to every prin. ' eiple of honesty and justice. lie (Mr. Gladstone) contended that the tax ought to be so worked as to make it beneficial to the seamen. That fund proposed to provide a pension for the seamen ; but what aid it amount to ? why to about oar-fourth of the met of maintaining a pauper in tke workhouse. (Hear, hear.) From all these disadeentagee the seaman ought to he relieved. So also ought the British shipbuilder to he freed from the disadvanta .e to which he was at present exposed. At the same time it would not be lair to assume that the measure proposed by her Maji sty's government involved • censure upon any of those clona— -1 either shipowner, shipbuilder, or seaman. Its object was to get the trade of the country carried on in the best way and l at the steeliest cost. Much hail been sale in the ceurse of this debate with reference to the consular reports on the character of the masters and seamen employed in the ma. candle service. He had no doubt that in many instances those statements were much exaggerated, but at the same time he admitted that with unrivelled in bairn seaman ship, the masters might be improved in the stan dard of other professional accomplishment", especially as regarded tee mercantile part of the character of the shipmaster. (Hear, hear.) It was painful to observe the different rates of ensurence between that charged on the p ili"y fur the ship and that charged on the cargo. The ship mall be insured at a much cheaps r rate than the cargo, be cause greater care was taken of the shipment of the cargo by the foreign shipmaster than by the British shipmaster. This, however, he theueht might he improved by legislation. On general grounds, therefore, he could not have the least Nei. tetion in saying that they had reached a period of time whin this house ought to cent, nylate an extensive alteration of the navigation laws—('rate hear)—and be hail now only to speak of the terms slid provisions of the measure which her Majeety'e government lied proposed. In some not un important particulars, he should bane preferred that the government lied determined to pursue a somewhat different course. He should have preferred that the measure hail been i proposed to be in ire gradual in its operation. (Hear, hear.) I' bough he admitted that the question was not free from difficulty, he could have wished that the government had adhered to that which was almost the uniform precedent (saeciiened by utility and convenience as well as justice), and have made the large conces.ions of privileg. s to foreign nations—conditional concce ions limited by reciprocal treaties. (Hese, hear.) He could have wished they had prepared their measure in accordance with the views ex pressed in the language quoted the other nieht from the let er of Mr. Bancroft, the American minister at the British court, in which he " It' you will chi much, we will do much ; if you will do all, we will do ail." (Hear, hear.) He was aware that the very name of " reciprocity treaties" was unpopular, but that arose from the unjust prejudice which had been created by the univer sal and unequivocal failure of all attempts to con tract engagements of reciprocity with regard to the Customs Acts. But that prejudice ought not to attach to the present case, which wet wholly different from that of the Customs Asa. Has contended that the two subjects were widely different. Holland, for instance, was, in its policy, liberal in respect to the customs duties—not so as regarded its navigation laws ; and France, Spain, and the Italian states, had cunsider.,ble apprehensions tlest great mischief would ha done, and great scope he eeried to the selfish views which prevailtd in some countries, by the exclusion of their ehites teem many ten les by the operation of douele ditties. Ile, therefore, thought it would have been adven• tag/ ous to pursue the CORM, of reciprocity tr c ati,s in the pees cat nista:ice. Ile edit this hieuuse tile measure pro pounded by the government was not unconeitional, inas much as it reserved to the Queen in council the power of retaliation. (lieu, hear.) This discretionary µover, be owned, was to him highly objectionable; and, though he was aware similar powers had before been reserved, they hal never been of so important and extensive It character. True, in the Com Bill a similar power was reteined, but it was re garded ea a mere lentils fulnten which would not be re sorted to. He therefore did not forma precedent from this case, and he thought the house ought to kno w whether tta; power was propeed to be dormant, or to tic actively exer cised against such c metrics as did nut reciprocate with Great Britain. There ought to be given an explicit pledge on this part of the subject. (Hear, hear.) The other points Mk which he differed from the proposition of her Majesty's government were with respect to the restrictions they still proposed to retain. it was impassible to pats a sweeping measure of Oil kind, and still retain the restriction on the shipowners which compelled them to man their ships with three-fourths British seamen. Another restriction proposed to be retained was that which referred to the British feehtries; but the most important of 01 was the maintenance of the restriction with regard to the coestieg trade. lie did not see why the coasting triple should not be dealt with in the same way as the colonial trees. In his opinion the retention of the restrictions on the (existing trade, while it would be of no value to the Welsh ehip owner, would have the effect of materially reedricting the ad vantags s which all were anxious he should obtain in the misting trade of ether countries, and especially with le fe mu to that o: It would he of immense advan tage to the shipping of this country to ho admitted to the coasting trade sit America. An Hope. MENtilEll.—lf we can got i:. Mr. GLADE CONE (in c witinuaion).--Why .Ir. Batt croft had declared, "II you will • o all, we will do all ;" a.k.l that word " all " he (Mr. Gladstone) took to includ•- the cowing trade. (II sr, he kr.) Thnuuh A-aeries WAS t, ba ad:hi:tad w the cal.uial were w came law, the ship•builders of this country would transfer their capital to those kingdoms whence the timber was obtained. (Ilew, hear.) Capt. BERKELEY said his must express hie dissent from the views of Sir J. Stirling, as to the dependence of the royal navy on the mercantile navy far a supply of hands. Of the apprentices reared in the royal navy, many hands. He rejoiced, however, at the system of recipro city which took place between the merchant navy and the royal navy, hut he would not have hon. gentlemen believe that they ri esived so many men from the merchant navy as was supposed. At the present time they had 20 000 seamen, but at the end of the war they had no difficulty in getting 100,000 seam. n, There were, however, from 60,000 to 70,000 British seamen serving in foreign countries, parting. Lirly America ; and they had it for a Lot, that when there was a rumour of a war between the two countries, many men came back and volunteered their services to her Mu jests's navy. With respect to the registration of seamen, he knew that practically it was a farce. It had been suc cessfully eluded, and yet it was so hateful to the men that it had driven many out of the country. He could only say, tlvit having con.idereil the subjert, sod having esamined thy arguments on both sides, he had no fear that if the bill brought in by the right hon. baronet (Sir J. Graham) had been carried out, that they should have been able to man the naty as well and as quickly re they ever had done. (Hear.) - • - • • - Captain HARRIS agreed in a great deal of what had fallen from the gallant officer who had just spoken. He, however, differed from him with respect to his oheervations on the Fegir ration of seamen. Ile believed that the registry office contained the meatus of maiming the navy without having recourse to impressment. Above all things he would advise her Maj sty's government not to alter the law which riqu , red that at least three-fourths of the seamen should be Englishmen. (Hear, hear.) Sir A. 11001) begged teams to enter his solemn protest ageinst the measure of the noble lard, lie believed that the effect of it would be to undermine what had always been considered the bulwark of England. Mr. CLAY said he did not approve or the details of the measure. As a free trader he could not advocate the interest of one class at the intense of another, nor should he insist on the worn-nut argument thst inasmuch as the commercial marine was a nursery to the royal navy, the navigation laws ought to he considered as the pr cc which they paid for the greatest of all goodie the national defence. Ile abhorred the system of impressment, and he believed they never could have recourse to it again, but at the same time the measure was not satisfactory to him unless they could Deist out some way of manning the navy in time of emer gency without having recourse either to the sys tem of impressment or the system of high bounties. lie believed that the protection of a particular clams war ~ever intended by the institution of the navigation laws. The present incisors proposed to take away all the privi b gee given by these law., and to leave the hardens. This seemed to him to be very unjust. Much evidence had been gone into to prove that we vault' not compete in ship building with foreign nations, but he did not attach much importance to the evidence which was adduced on that point upon either side. lie thought that the practical griev ances were what the British as . ipmeners had to fear, and if those were removed he was not disposed to rink they would miner by change of the existing laws. Coder these cir cumstances' he of course could not give his sup port to the amendment, not believing that it was by any aeons desirable that the principle of the navigation laws ought to . emain untouched. Ile knew thuti t was •, re likely his views would be far from accepteele to either party, bat if he satisfied nothing else he should at least satisfy his own conscierce by the vote it was his intentio to give that night in favour of the measure. Mr. NE W D ATE complained of the way in which this measure was brought before the house, without complete evidence being adduced in support of it. He also complained of the way in which statistics were used in support of the measure, and upecielly of the way in which they were esid by the member for Westbury (Mr. Wilson) The hon. gen tleman had quoted the returee of tonnage from 1817 to 1823, to oppose to those of the year 1346. But during the interval Sir It. Peel's banking hill had poised, and the consequence wugreateomenercial depression. It was, therefore, an abuse of statistics to take the years cited by the hon. member. So different were his (Mr. Newdegate'e) own calculations from thou of the hon. member, that he believed the Americans in a very few years, would have a greater amount of tonnage in their marine than we should have. He called upon the noble lurd opposite, as he valued the preservation of his re putation for statesmanship, as he desired to avert the curses of posterity, to refuse his sancion to this bill. Mr. W AWN 'aid that the shipping interest of this coun try had very little occasion to be fond of reciprocity trea ties, under which its business had so greatly fallen off, haling, among other losses, sustained the entire loss of tee South Sea whale fishery, which hod become vested in the Americans. There was the reciprocity treaty with Russia ; what had been the effect of this treaty 1 That since its rati fication there had been an increase in British tonnage engaged in the trade of 63 per cent, but in Russian tonn ige, of 160 per cent. The ministers had made many blunders in these reciprocity trea ties, and many more they would make b lore they tumbled through. He called upon the house to recol lect that what made us iced pendent of foreign countries during the war was not free trade, but our colonies, rich, industrious, and loyal, and our thriving mercantile ma rine. Let not the house by assenting to this measure destroy both these sources of independence. Viscount INGESTRE said that the government had as signed no valid cause for the fatal and sweeping change which they proposed to make in our nuigation system. If there were defects in that system, let them be clearly shown, and he for one would consent very readily to remedy them, hut he did not mid: Mend why, because a man was ill, he should be poisoned instead of cured. If free trade was to lie quoted as the reason for effecting the reopened change, let him ale whi tin r free trade princi ples had maintained themselves. The occurrences of late menthe would too clearly prove that such had not been the ease. The full effect of the abolition of the corn laws had not been experienced ; when it was, hon. gentlemen would not be so enamoured of that change as they now were. He recollected in the good old fashioned times, when ships, colonies, and commerce, was a standing toast. The states men of that day never anticipated the hour would come, whin foreign ships were to be allowed to snatch the coasting I and carrying trade from our native sailors. As for the Blue B mk, which had been so much quota d in support of the proposed change, he must say he did not rely upon the statements contained in that book ; on the contrary he considered it to he little hotter than a heap of calumnies upon British seamen collected by the assistanc- of British consuls. However, there was very little hope that a measure intro duced at so late a period of the union would be passed. If the navigation laws were abolished one of the immediate consequences would be that British capital would seek invest ment in foreign states to the great detriment of the native interests of the empire. Thy Americans would also get all the most valuable freights, namely, the light goods, whilst the heavy carrying . trade of sugars and other raw produce involving greater risk and more wear and tear would alone devolve on English shipping. Lord J. HAY said that the noble lord, and all who had opposed the proposition of the government, rested their oppo sition on the effect it was calculated to produce upon the ' naval power of the country. He was ready to concede that the naval power of this and any other country must depend upon its commercial prosperity ; and if he could believe that this measure would disturb the naval power of England, it should not have his support. But, after considering it in all its bearings, he believed it calculated to add to the energy, enterprise, and spirit of this country, to Mauve its wealth and naval supremacy. (Hear hear.) It was said also thst the shipping interest of this country was unable to compete with th it of oteer countries—that the building and equipping of ships cost more in England than elsewhere. lle believed that was true is related to ieferior ships, but certainly not as regarded firstelsas a' ins, which could be hui t and equipped cheaper in England than in any other nation on the globe, cheaper than in the East Indies in the comparison of 60,0001. to 80,0001, and cheaper than in the United States by nearly 20 per cent. With regard to what tall from the hon. member for Oxfordshire respecting the correspondence of the 11:i lab consuls, he could only say that he had read every word of it, and theeviden se contained in the blue book, and speaking front his own experience, was pre pared to verify every worded it. (Cheers and counter cheers.) In 1831 when he commanded one of her Majesty's squadrons off the Downie they hail o put fromBo t 100 British merchant ships under the protection of the British flag; and scarcely .1 day passed that he was not called upon to dc ide a quarrel Intween the master and crew of one of them, in nearly every instance the master being wrong, and the men ill-used. (liar, hear.) In the like manner, in 1843, when he corn mended a frigate at New York, nine cues of complaint were brought be'ore him, which he plainly saw had arisen from a bail state of moral discipline on board the vessels. He had lately taken pains to make inquiries on the subject from a me professional men, and every one of them confirmed the 'minion he entertained on the subject. Lord Digester, at the beginning of his speech, had asked another question, to whies he (Lerd John Hay) thought it right to inve an answer. The manly lord uked, what the country had got by free tra le measure,. Ilia reply was You have got every. thing you expected, and I only hope the repeal of the navi gation laws may be as successful as had been the repeal of the corn laws" (Ironical cheers from the protectionist benches.) He (Lord John Ha)) understood the meaning of those cheers; hut he would tell hon. gentlemen opposite that he had looked into and understoo •1 well, and was as much attached to, the agricultural interest as they were, and he de. tied those hon. gentlemen to disprove the fact that property had sold and farms been let at higher prices and on better terms than was the ease before the corn laws were altered. ( Hear, hear) Mr. HILDYARD (Whitehaven) said, that in spite of the opinion expressed by his right hon. friend (Mr. Gladstone) to the contrary, ho (Mr. Hildyard) held that the onus lay upon the government to show the necessity for incurring so serious a risk as their proposition involved, and what rational likeli hood there existed nf gain to the country which induced them to undertake that risk. No boa member on the other side of the house had remarked upon the immense stake which was involved in this experiment. The capital embarked in ship ping by this country was not lees than 40,000,0001 , irrespec tive of the capital enth irked in occupations connected with shipping. Hon. members opposite had spoken of the owners of this capital as though they were a protected class, and could well afford the reduction in their profits which this measure must inevitably produce. A greater error could not exist than to supp is • that the capital embarked in ship ping was oancentreud in the hands of a few rich individuals; on the contrary, he knew that in the port he had the honour to represent a v. ry large portion of oho uadesrnen and all the retired merchant: • he re had, according to their respective means, embarked their property in the shipping connected with that port ; and let the house consider the immense ruin that must fall upon these individuals it this experiment of the g ivernment tailed. Lit them remember the number of hands who waisted a livelihood from shipping, hest.l the s aloes, who by rensou et a 'ltem° in this ornp‘i:i.tit, would be involved in ruin. In such en event, what was to become of the enormous body of sailors who would be thrown int employ, and who were utterly unfit for any other pe er .: lion ?No one had attempted to deny —on the contrary it been admitted by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, b y th hon. and gallent member for Glouc.ster (Capt. Birkelevi. and by the no de lord who had just sat down —that the pan'_ perity of the commercial marine was essential to th e rgf. cienry of the naval service. Such.heing the ride, to w hi rl capital, the men engaged in the service, and the empir e would be exposed, what was the necessity and what th e adv.ntages reld out by the government to induce sir house to consent to incur the a risks ? In the first place ; i t was stated that the policy adopted by other nati ins made it necessary for this country to change i policy, and two tion•—viz., Prussia and Americ hAte en oamrd. H ie " n.t whether or not the intimation which had h e g irt , , 0 this country was to be regarded as the• at and menace, eau., there was no probability that Prussia was, or would be, able to carry that menace into ei„ ecution. As to the soft invitation of America, the , Mons of Mr. Bancroft might have been mode in pe r , fect good faith on his part, but it did e n follow 'hat the executive powers in America would a,,, those suggestions into effect, even efier this country IQ adopted them. America was not rescinding her IlaTiggli, laws pari passe with this country, hut was wateling the proci edings of the British legislature ; and in the end, if the American executive should be telt in a minority, in whir c •ndition would this country be? Assuming that Amerin acted with good faith, we moor give up to her oar colonial trade, and she had nothing like it to give us in ret ain. (lii ar.) It might be an advantage to wive up the cosig n , trade of this country if Ana-rice would throw open bees ; he pr,bability was that America could take none of owe ; while h. r immense sea-hoard, with is constantly developie g trade, would be in some measure thrown into our heed, The number of American vessels engaged in the town. trade WAS es great as the whole of those engaged baj' i foreign trade. As to our colonial trade, it was said the t a, nii a demanded this measure. He denied it. They b e i demsnded relaxation with regard to themsi Ives, and a, were about to give it to all the world, which, far from being a boon, would be a positive disadvantage to tho colonies. Hon. gentlemen had o w tended that this measure was due to the colonies at a ems. p• !elation fer the late free-trade measure, ; (-there defendej the measur.• u a benefit to thecousumer at hon.*. Bat hoe could it be beneficial to both ? It the reduction of heir* T where on would rne t member ber he a w d e v n a t n i w n t o . t to e the poetsc c n u o m f blanche-ter had talked of our having arrived at a newe r , etr;aet colo n home ists, when glory, power, and supremacy had parsed away, 11 1 the a. ntiment had been vociferously cheered. (Chi en.) He wished the " new era " might prove as prosperous as the one which he supposed passing away. He (Mr. Ilildyar t t) could not but be reminded of the speculation of one of ear greatest modern poets, who, stung amongst the ruins of g cel, heated city of antiquity, had anticipated a like fate for modern empires. (Hear, hear.) If the house should unfor tunately cuntrihute to such a result, they would have the more ifi cation of reflecting that they had not done so from any nec alit!, but merely for the sake of na:iiistering tea by, and hollow liberality. (Chews.) Sir .1. WALSH moved that the debate be adjourned; a n d strangers w. re ordered to withdraw; but, belor, the galle ries were cleared, . . Lund J. RUS S ELL rose to express a hope that if the house intended to take a division on the preliminary rev)lutions the: they would do so at once, and t of tenter adjourn the debate, especially as hon. members would have full uppont. nity of expressing their opinions when the bill was brought in. (Cries of "adjourn.") It w.•uld be mo-t inennvenientto postpone the introduction of the bill until after the h,,m 0 y,,,,,d as on Monday next it was understood that a committee ofsup ply should be moved, in order to give the hon. member fee I) itsetshire an oppertunity of bringirg on his ormodment founded on the Spanish correspoi deny, and, as if this de note were further adjourned, it could not be resume Won Thursday, when the dianssion on the resolution could scarcely be taken before Whitsuntide, he hoped the house would consent to go to a d vision at one on the amendment at be right hon. member for Stamford. (Cries of " No," " Adi.urn," and " Go on.") Mr. RICARDO also urged the propriety of dividing et once ow the main question. Sir J. WALSH must insist on his motion, as he and many °there intended to :press their opining' en thi s preli• miners , step. (Cries of "Go on," " Adjourn," sod " Divide.") Lord J. RUSSELL observed that the debate might be continued when the house went into committee on the roe. lotions. . . Lord G. BENTINCIL—But we don't intend it to go into c mrrittee. (A laugh.) Lord J. RUSSELL—If the amendment should not be carried, and hon. gentlemen opposite would allow the &vi sion when taken, to be an far conclusive as t 3 permit the bill to be brought in, he should not object to adjcurn the debate. (" Go on," and Divide.") Mr. MERRIER >ti . the noble lord's plan would not do, as if he and his Sri, nds should be in a maj city, as they ic. tended to be (a laugh), the noble lord w.,uld not have the opportunity of enpresaing his opini 3ns on the subj,ctat all. Mr. CARDWELL observed that it was genetatly wader stood teat the debate would be furthe: adjourned. sod he as well as al other hon. memb ra wnhed to take pert in it, which they eoula not do if it were brought to clo.e that evening. Mr. H. BAILI.IE asked, why not re-time it oa Mondavi L'rd J. RUSSELL had no other objeclim than that the hon member for D3reetehire having given notice of a data vote of censure on the government, it would be mutely pro- per to allow it to stand over until after the holidays. (Divide.) Mr. BRIGHT, who spoke amid cries of "oh, oh," and much interruption, suggested that if the noble lord lad not math a positive arrangement as to Monday, the di.batemight oe risnmed on that day, end the question as to the Sp nub correspondence might be deferred till a later day in the week. . . . Mr. IIERRIES integrated that it was not impossible that the discussion on his hon. friend's (Mr Bankes') motion might conclude at an early hour—(a laugh) ;if so, the ad journed debate might be taken afterwards on the same night. Lord J. RUSSELL, who again protested 'Rains. any de lay which should retard the introducti m of the hill beyond the period when the house adjourned for the holidays, es pressed his concurrence with the right li..n. gentleman's suggestion, and, supposing the debate should come on on Monday alikr that on Spanish affairs, he bocci hon. gentle men would permit it to be brought to a cmclusion on that night. He should have occasion to detain them but a very short time. The qu. stion that the debate be adjourned till Monday next was then pat—the Speaker declaring the "ayes" to be the maj .rity ; the " noes,' however, demanded a division, and the house divided. The house divided—For the adjournment .. 236 Against it ....... 73-163 Lord J. RUSSELL proposed to tin the adjournment of the debate for Monday, after the debate on Spanish affairs. Mr. RICARDO said it was hopeless to expect the debate would come on on Monday in that case. It was better, therefore, to fix a precise day for the resumption of the debate. Lord J. RUSSELL said it bad better stand at all events for Monday. Taey could then d,cide when the debate would come on. The debate was accordingly adjourned till Monday. PRISONS. On the motion of the Souctron-GENsust. leave was given t 3 bring in a bill to facilitate the raising of money by corporate bodie. for building or urnlr , nir prisons. INCLOBIJRE OF LANDS. On the nintion " ,7i:l;.. L 1. 3 ,71; it ire was gisen °C. bring in a bill to authorise the inclosure of certain land+ it pursuance of the third, and also of a ep, cial, report of du Inciosure C unraissieners at England and Wales. The house then adjourned at a quarter put 1 o'clock. Ih Orproo. MAILS.. The mails for the Braidla, the River Male, Monte Video, Penna. bum Wind, Madeira, and Buenos Ayres, will be made up on tM evening of the 3rd June. The mails for Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, CAM, and Gibraltar will he made up on the morning of the 7th June. The overland clo-ed motto, run Marseilles, to the 31editerrancon, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon. India, Hong-Kong, dtc., will be made up on tha evening of the 7th June. The mails for British North America, and the United States, will he made up en the evening of the 9th June. The West India Mails, excluding Bermuda, Namoa, if3Vanla4 lloviduras, New Orleans, Veen Crux, Tampico, and Porto Rico, and including those for Madeint, Jacmel, CArtharetl.t, SAM. Martha, Chagres, P.insimn, Went Coast of South America, and St. Juan.dt , Nicaragua, will be made up on the mot fling of the 17th June. The overland mails tot Gibraltar, Malta, Greece, the lonian Islands Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, Hong-Kong, and China, ria Suuthamp• ton, will be made up on the morning of the 20th June. Ine mails for New South Wake, Van Inemairs fand, and New Ze eland will be made up on the everting of the 30th June. The mails for the Went Cannot of Africa and Madeira will be made up on the evening of the 30th June. NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS. The number of STAMPS issued by the authorities of the Stump-orbs, during 1347, to the DAILY NEWS was 3.447.009 This, we believe, is within etgla per cant at the number Wend to the Morniny Herald, Morning C4ronicle, and Morning Post, ALL PUT voavtitha. In addition to tne above, issued to the DAILY NEWS, Mornaus Paper, there were issued for the Emma, Edition, TUE EXPRESS 778.714 Which was more, we believe, than were issued either to -he Globe or Standard, Evening Papers. BIOM WATII AT LOI.IION OKI ME. tote IDAT—liereleg. N Wapiti S. A1m.... M mic NA 3. Monts& 42 pot {t Aft 44.4•4. I Nut.. 04•4 4. LONDON, SATURDAY. JUNE 3. Ir is curious to note what different tactics parties adopt in the House of Commons when a debate on the navigation laws and when a debate on parliamentary reform is in progress. When the latter subject is under the cousidetation of the house, its advocates, knowing that they address men who are quite aware that under any other system of election than that which at present prevails they woull have little or no chance of being where they are, tool themselves com pelled to address the public out of doors, in order that the pressure of its opinion may bo brought to bear 0011 their auditors ; its opponents address themselves to the latexes' and wishes 01 their immediate tie- Ow see I X til iv fo m m Si a i