The Express. — London, England, 1848-05-10 00:00:00

IM THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY 10, 1848, .. . whatever. Sir W. MOLESWORTII—It is quite clear that this was a silly order of the Lord Chamberlain's, of which the noble lord at the head of the govsroment cannot gett ther at the true history. (Hear, hear.) I ITU informed thae is not the slightest chance of its being carried into effect. ("Hear," and a laugh.) The Marquis of GRANBY expressed his warm approval of the order. THE MAURITIUS. Lord G. BENTINCK understood that despatches, con taining distressing news, and coming down to the I.sth February, had be. n receiv from Ale Mauritius. Would there be any objection to ed laying those despat ches on the table ? Mr. HAWES said that the latest dates received at the Celonieleatfice were the 13th, and they contained no news of a distressing character. On the contrary, they held out every prospect of amendment in the affairs of the colony. THE EXCISE LAWS. In answer to a question from Mr. Femurs, Mr. MOFFAT stated that if not anticipated by the r • vernment, he would shortly bring forward a measure relative to the excise laws. NAVAL DOCKS. Mr. M'GREGOR, who was nearly inaudible, rose to move for a select committee to inquire into the state et our naval dockyards. We understood the hon. member to soy that he did not bring forward his motion from any malevo lent motive, or teem any wish to embarrass the government, but merely with a view to render the most potent r am of the nat i o nal defences as e ffi cient so possible. The hon. member proceeded to read in a low voice various bibles, the purport of which we understood to be that upwards of a million and a ball bad been spent in the various dockyards in experi mental shipbuilding, the greatest portion of which sum might have been s aved had our shipwrig hts proceeded on so me replier system. In conseque nce thi s vast of thexpenditure e want of 1 some defined plan of action all I might be looked upon as so muc h money wasted. Sow time ago it was thought that some of the old it gun Mips might be, with advantage, converted into steam fri gates. 'They were accordingly placed in a private dock yard, and fitted with machinery on the strew principle ; and the result was that aft er s p ending some 60,0001. upon them, 1 they were found to be wholly unfit far service. Then, with I retard to the stockyards themselves, great expenditure Lad been incurred in works and altercions in them from time to time, which, to a large extent might, he believed, have been avoided. A plan had recently been laid down for constru wo ct, ing a new open b asin at Devonport, to a ccommodate t ships, against which many objections had been raised, and boor ged upon government to consider well those objections before they Melded upon incurring the expense. Ile be lieved that, under good management, fully one-third of the motley expended on ourleaval docky 'Matinee 11432 might have been saved without any sacrifice of efficiency. Looking at the heavy taxes by which the country was burdened, and the deficiency, which could scarcely be less at tha close of the present year than between four and five millions, it was the duty of that house to consider how far the public expenditure might be reduced, having regard always to the efficiency of the several departments of the public service, and therefore it was that he had ventured to bring this subject under consideration. He might go into numerous details to show in what respect economy might be effected, but with the confidence he had in the present Secretary of the Admiralty he believed it was only neces sary to draw his attention to ensure men retrenc h cons me ident as m i g ht be effected with safety. (Hear.) He red, h o wever, that the present state of the country de manded that a full and searching inquiry should be instituted as to the general management and expenditure in this depart ment of the public service. Ile thought it high time that some change in the system with regard to shipbuilding should be established, so as to secure to the country the full benefit of the professional keowledge of Mr. Lung and others. He had full confidence in the present management of the Admiralty, but for want of time or some other reason they had not searched so narrowly into 1 the various details of their department with the view to ascertain where economy might be affected , as they might.' Now in the case o f the steamers they found that the packets I, repairs; by Cunard ran for yeers with littl or no expense for . t re ; hut the steam shi;seonstructed iu e our dockyards were scarcely afloat ere it was found necessary . to bring them back into dock to undergo repairs or alterattons ; in many cases requiring en expenditure of 30 or 40 per cent, on the origi nal cost. The Sidon, notwithstanding the care which bad been taken with her, had proved a failure ;and the Queen's yacht was one of the most imperfect vessels that bad ever been launched. His object was not to diminish the efficiency of the service, but by a vigilant superintendence to render it more effective at a less cost. The people were at this time loudly demanding economy in every department of the public service, and with good retson, for they were now suffering the burden of taxation with greater severity and with less ability to beer it than at any former period. His object was ecosemy com bined with complete efficiency ; and it was with the view to effect that object that he had given notice of the motion with which he would now conclude--" That a on selteche t comm manage ee be appointed to inq uire lute and report up ment and expenditure of the several naval dockyards." (Rear.), The motion having been seconded. Mr. WARD rose to oppose the mo tion, not because he did not sympathise in any attempt to infuse the most rigid system of economy that could be combined with perfect effi ciency for the regulation of the navel affairs of the country, but because he believed a weaker case for such a motion sa that wills which the e se m ber b a d concluded had never been brought honourabl forward. The hon. gentleman laboured under some strong hallucina tion whets be asserted that the subject had not been before considered —he seemed to forget that a select committee was now sitting on the naval estimates, by whom every branch of the subject would be inquired into, and from whom they might soon expect a report containing the most valuable information. He would not follow the hon. gentlemaninto the charges which he had brought against the late surveyor general of the navy. Sir William Symonds' failures and successes had been already discussed a dczen times M that 1 , house, and in those discussions be had been accused on the I I one side of wasteful and wanton extravagance, while on the other he had been praised to the skies,. Upon this subject 1 he would give no opinion, though he believed the truth in this cve as in most °them, would be found to be in the Jude a milieu. (Hear.) With regatd to the building of our ships war the whoM system was now changed. Every of possible precaution was taken by the present and had been taken by the late Board of Admiralty to prevent those precipitate changes—the putting up and pulling down—which occasioned the ex penditure of so much money uselessly, of which the on. member complained. Under the present regulation the most searching inquiry was instituted before the orders of the board were given ; and the board were too well not aware be of the importance of preventing unnecessary expense to anxious to do all in their power to effect that object. Hieing shown that the expenditure for the Blenheim, to which the hon. member for Glasgow had alluded, had been for necessary repairs, and explained the charges he bad made SI to other vase's, the honourable gentleman contended, that there could be no stronger proof of the desire of e government to inquire into all matters of expen 1 the government to inquire into all matters of expenditure In regard to our dockyards , than the course which they diture had taken with regard to the basin at Devonport. It had been stated that they might save 130,0001. in tproposed and thethere , works t h ere , without impairing the efficiency of the yard ; moment this statement was made, the board order the most ed that the works should not be proceeded with until searching inquiry into the matter should have been made — ( pi n io n of before any decision would be come to, the opinion of competent .persons, and amongst them of some eminent practical engineer, would be taken. The honour able member had also complained that a great and useless expenditure bad been going on for some time past in our dockyards, and had expressed • hope that a dimi nution of that expenditure was possible, and if so that it would be effected. The hon. gentleman appeared to forget that a diminution had not only bean found possible, but had LEAVE OF ABSENCE. On the motion of Mr. M'GREGOR, leave of absence to the Lord Provost of Glasgow until the 21st of May war agreed to. HEALTH OF WESTMINSTER. Sir H. WILLOUGHBY said he had been informed that In a part of Westminster, not far from that house, a very ma lignant species of typhus fever had broken out, and that its appearance was intimately connected with some chemical ex periments which had recently been made (or the purposes of do-odorising the sewers of the ne ighbourhood. He wished to know w h e ther the tuts he bad stated had come under the knowledge of the noble lord at the head of the Woods and Forests. Lord MORPETH believed the truth to be that a consi derable amount of fever prevailed within the precincts of the abbey and in Westminster School, but he had user taihed that no ces-pool had been cleaned or opened in that neighbourhood by order of the commission since Feb ruary last. He believed the drainage of the neighbourhood to be very deficient, there being oely one mein sewer across the dean's yard. All the rest were private drains. Dr. Fincham, the medical attendant at Westminster School, had i n f orm ed him that out of t he school he could find no traces of fever in the neighbourhood. He (Lord Morpett , ) did not think the fever the cod tom tra c ed s be ed to the cleansing of cesspools, as had, since their formation, cleaned out 635 cesspools in various parts of the metropolis, and with great and marked benefit to the sanitary condition of the district. Mr. BANKES asked when it was the intention of govern ment to introduce a bill for the sanitary improvement of London and Westminster ? Lord MORPET Li hoped shortly to bring in bills on those subjects, but could not as yet he the day. BRITISH MANUFACTURES. Lord G. BENTINCK wished to ask the noble lord at the head of the government a question of the greatest importance connected with the free-trade principles of which the noble lord was one of the staunchest advocates. He need not remind the house of the royal command which had gone forth to the ladies of England, in consequence of the presethe nt depreciation of trade and. mattufaaures, to appear at approaching drawing rooms and royal assemblies in no attire —(great laughter) —except the products of British industry. The question he had to ask the noble lord was, whether that royal command had Leen dictated by the impulses of her Majesty's own heart, beating for the distress of the people, in Spitalfields, in Leicester, in Nottingham, and elsewhere, or whether it had been issued at the suggestion of her Majesty's responsible advisers ? Had it come to her Majesty's knowledge that wit Lin the first three months of the present year French silk goods to the amouet and value of 400,0001., and which if manufactured in this country would give em ployment to 31000 had t een importcd into the port of Lyndon alone ? Had weavers,her Majesty heard that during the same period lace to the value of 20,0001., and needle work to the value o f 20,0001. mue, sufficient to employ 4 , 000 ne edlewomen • and 7,000 pairs r of boots and shoes, suffi cient to employ 12,000 cordwains rs (6,000 of whom were at this moment out of employment in London)r tae had also co Leen i m ported? (Hear, hear.) lie asked whethe royal mend was was the result of her Majesty's, having been made acquainted with all three matters, or whether it was that the noble lord at the head of the government had determined that the free doctrines were to be put abide with dismay, and no longer to be tolsrated or encouraged by Enlishmen or Englishwomen ? He asked his noble friend whother this command was to be taken as an indication that her Majesty's' ministers were about to abandon a policy which had brought the node and manufactures of this country to beggary and ruin ? Lord J. RUSSELL —The noble lord has certainly made • speech ;but it would be rather a ifficult matter to evolve an intelligible question out of that speech. (A laugh.) But I understand by a reference to the votes, where the noble lord's question is much more easily understood than in his speech, that he means to ask whether her Majesty's con- mend to the ladies of England to appear at court in dresses the products exclusively of native industry, was her Majes ty's spontaneous act, or was suestested by her responsible advisers ? It is certainly true 'hat her Majesty issued such commands through the Lord Chamberlain, and I believe there is nothing new in such orders, which were frequently issued by former sovereigns. ( Protectionist cheers.) It was merely an act of kindness i n t en ded 'or the benefit of persons engaged in the manufacture of article's of dress. The noble lord goes on to ark whether this command is to be taken as a symptom that the present advisers of the crown have changed their opinions as regards foreign manufactures, and whether it is to he looked upon se the commencement of • change of system? Now, in the first place, the matter is in the department of the Lord Chamberlain and I have not offered any advice t o her Majesty as to h ow ladies should appear at court. But with regard to the foreign manufactures recently introduced, it should be recollected that formerly very large quantities were introduced without being entered in the customs, having been smug gled over at an insurance of 10 or 12 per cent. in consequence of the high rates of duty. In the next place, I believe that the introduction of French and other foreign manufacture contributes very much to the improvement of the maienufac tures of this coun try. In the third place, I believe the although there may be particular clean of persons in this country who suffer inconvenience by the intieduction of foreign goods, still their introduction stimulates the pro duction of other goods, which arc exported in return. (Hear, hear.) Now, believing these things to be the result of the c h an ges in the duties which were made of late years, one of the last things which I should think of advising to her Ma jesty would be any return to the old state of things. And if I did think of it, I very much doubt whether such advice would be so acceptable to her Majesty as noble lords and gen tleman opposite seem to think. (Hear, hear.) Mr. BRIGHT had been der the impressi that the Lord Chamberlain was a political officer, and tha o t n whatever be did was the act of the Queen's responsible ad visers. He did not attach much importance to orders re b: t d o h n e e s st e o c uld %a dress, TteorYd7luucelhe trg"wttedorkinthgactlllyethiigo the belief that they could be served by driving away the products of other countries. (Hear, hear.) He feared it would be looked upon abroad as an act of retaliation for the expulsion of English workmen from France. (Hear, hear.) As to the great quantity of French silks imported daring the Then there is the Board of Trade, in which vacan cies have occurred, and are about to be filled up. Surely if this country and its mercantile n this ment that England's capacity should be first-rate. The president of the Board being of necessity mucchounc occils,u pied with political affairs, cabinet and parliamentary business, an active and full. experienced Vice-President is most desirable. But the system, it seems, does not want talent or exile rience. And Lord GRANVILLE, who would make an excellent adjunct to the Foreign-office from his skill and experience in that department, is thrust into the Board of Trade, where he must be out of place. Why ? Beath. be is a lord, and the Board requires a representallfve in the upper house. Then, in addition to a Vice-President who is a lord, and who is transferred from the management of the buck hounds to preside over the trade of the country, there is a new Secretary, just as inexperienced. Sir Deters LE MARCHANT is hipper-in, a very able ] adroit o ffice functionary , functionary, a capital w n manager of men and of journals, and of all the men" of politics. But why he is put into the Board of Trade, to fit himself for which he must go to school, we are quite at a loss to conceive, except that the secretaryship is an office from which he can not be removed, and where he will anchor for better for worse to his own comfort and the public disappointment. It is q uite plain that the Board of Trade was Mr. WILSON's sphere, a 11,- nd that there be really could be useful. But ere, a nos has not yet served his full time of toadyism, and ho is accordingly sent to the Board of Control—to rse a business which he, too, has to learn. This perve obstinacy to p u t every man into the w the rong pettiest place, a nd sacrifi c ing the public ser vice to personal motives, has the unfortunate effect of discrediting the whole syste m of public appointmenth, and rendering every office as insecure as it is inefficient. As to the Board of Trade, such appointments merely drag it down to the reputation and usefulness of the Railway Board, and provoke, some future day, the extinction of its idle existence. It is the cue of our aristocratic journals to cry fie upon the French and upon their National As semblies. And we will not deny that such suc cessive experiments have their hazards and their evils. But one good at least they have, which is, they call forth andcommand the political talent of the country. There is no country in which administrative talent is so abundant. All Ogitnes have contributed to it. And whenever the talent of one section or layer of society is exhausted a revolution bares another layer and brings forth whatever of it is capable or useful. Without the July revolution where would have been Outzur and Tutsas ? And now that Guizor and TIIIERS have been set aside for the time au extended cuff-age will fling up, no doubt, a number of capable men which the old system of corruption and monopolised elective franchise would have stifled for ever. We by no means desire to go French lengths ; in deed, we should scorn to see England imitating or following any country. Universal suffrage we depre cate. But truly we desire electoral reform, and a turning up of more and wider intellectual soil ; for never was parliament more poor in talent, or its great parties more incapable of facing, or even forming an opinion upon:the great questions which agitate society, and which imperatively demand a solution. We are sure, that even to see the slovenly and miserable way in which the Health of Towns fill has been discussed—the empty nonsense that has been talked for and against centralisation —the clamorous but disjointed efforts of those who attacked, and the feeble and unsatisfactory arguments of defence, capitulating at the last, al* giving up the essence of the measure to save the rag and the semblance of it— such a show of debate and legislation does appear to us so disgraceful, and does so stamp the entire parliament with the brand of incapacity, that we think this very debate one of the strongest arguments fur going . to the country, and by a measure of reform empowering its masses to try if a fuller and fairer choice of representatives would not procure from English society some better collection of busi ness-like and capable politicians than those who now do nothing save smother every question, and spoil every law that comes before them. ]leaven spare us a revolution ; but may Providence send us something, be it what it may, to deliver us from the reign of the ----------- --------.-------already bee effectedn vomited ; and that • considerable redaction oul in this rest in the estinuess of the reee d ntyear; and that still furthepecr reductions were not car ried' outlets' oaring to the anxious desire of Lac e Aukland and the board to do nothing that should impair efficiency of our navy as compared with the naval force maintained by other countries. (Hear.) The hon. gentleman had suggested that Deptford dockyard might be altogether abolished, a nd that the accommodatio n there afforded might be provided at Sheerness; but at Sheerness every foot of ground was already occupied; and neither there nor at Woolwich could any substitute be found for mightuild sli Cha t ham , ord. It was possible Rome ground be had at but then it would become a question whether it would be ad visable to incur a oonsiderable expense in constructing new , slips for the mere peewee of trensferring the work of one yard to another. (Mar.). With regard to Mr. Laing and others of the younger geniuses in ship-building, the board had adopted regulations fur ensuring efficient service in that 1 department by making promotion depend on merit alone. The hon. gentleman hail said that government might learn I something from the contracts made fur building steam , ship the merchent eervice, and had referred to the Cuns for ard packets. Rut there was a very great differe nce between merchant vessels and ships of war. In the termer speed and stowage was nearly all the that was requisie ; whiry le i n the latter it was necessary to compress machine within the smallest, space to keep it below the water-line, and to provide for the armament, and the means of using it to advantage. These a dvantages could not be obtained but by experiments and elperioice ; and, though no doubt there had been several failures, there had been recently instances of the most signal success, aa in the moo of the Terrible and Fury, from which they had received reports of performances unequalled by any merchant steamersailoat. And nodoubt they would improve in this branch of naval architecture wh ea r aller as re they went on. and t hat those disappointmentsh g retted, but which, in • branch of science w hich was vecont, m paratively new, it wa s impo s sible altogether pre would be avoided. With regard to the suggestion of build. ing ships of war by contract as a general rule—no private merchant would, for the sake of government contracts, keep on hand the necessary stock of t miser. There toe re now in t h e g overnment yards so l ees than 60, 000 loads timber stored and in process of seasoning. What private builder could be expected to keep such a stock ; and, if ships were built up In • harry as formerly, *knout such necessary prepared n, look at the immense cos w hich hich wou ld be required fa re pairs I There was more erroneous than the supposition that the small saving which was sometimes effected by building ships by contract, was real economy, or that the co entry did not in the end pay for it ten times over in the test of repairs. 110 believed there was not a ship-builder on the Thames who would not admi n t th a t ships built in th e government yards w ere better i quality, and In the end cheaper, than those built at any pri vate yard. lie would take two instances . the l'eterel was built in • government yard, at • cost of 8,i901. ; the Ranger by contract, the coat being 7,0201. The repairs of the former,. during a certain number of 'Tare, averaged intl. a year, and of ' the latter 0401. Arlin, the Pengnin was built in a government dockyard at an expenditure of 7,0631., the Alert by con- tract, at a cost of 7,4681., the charge for repairs of the termer had keen 1641. a year, and of the latter, 7371. (Hear.) Ile might, if necessar, go througk a long list of similar cases, but after what he had said, and seeing that • committee already sitting on the subject gin rally, he hoped the hon. gentleman would be induced to withdraw his motion. Viscount INGESTRE gave credit to the present Board of Admiralty fur a des:re to maintain the efficiency of the navy, and spoke of the appointment of Sir Baldwin Walker, as Surveyor of the Navy, as one that gave general satiate:. tion. Ile thought, however, that the Admiralty would not p e rform their duty unt il the y appointed a scientific board, of whch he shold like to se Sir B. Walker at the head, to 1 whom questions u of ship -buielding and a ll scientific matters connected with the service should he referred. lie wished to know what regulations had been come to as to the depart- , m ent of yore of t he navy , and also asked • question, , whic was not distinctly heard, as to what steam-ve wo ssels had 1 bees h built by contract. Ile hoped the motionwould be withdrawn. Admiral DUNDAS replied that the regulations for the surveyor's departsuent of the navy were under the censide- ration of the board, and would be laid before parliament as I soon as completed. The only government steamers built by contract were the Holyhead packets. Capt. HARRIS reminded the house that unwise economy , was generally found to be extravagance in the end, and i warned them against any measure which should impair ' the efficiency of this important branch of the service. Mr. MU ME observed that there was • great difference be- , tween economy and waste, and he believed the result of the I, inquiry now going on would be to show that there had been , going on for some time • most lavish and wasteful expendi- ture n the nav es irt othe departments. Ile advised his hon. i y f r iend to withdraw his motion until the report of the committee now sitting should be presented, and if it should appear that they had not extended their inveetigation ante this branch of the subject, with su fficient minuteness lie cou ld then bring it forward again. Ile concurred with the suggestion of the noble lord (Ingestre) as to the propriety of establishing a (ennui superintending board. Captain I'EC lIELL thanked the non. gentleman for the speech he had made in bringing forward his motion, con. vinced that many of his statements must force themselves on the attention of the government. Mr. M'OREGOIt having said a few words in reply, The motion was by leave withdrawn. IIItITISII INni leltV IiNTION IN PORTUGAL. Mr. URQUHART rose to move an address to her Ma jesty representing that the intervention undertaken in her n ame in Portugal is un lawful, and praying her Majesty to f o rbid the continuation of this or the repetition of similar measures by her servants. The hon. gentleman was pro ceeding to address the An ho in sawn of his motion, when lION. MENDEN moved use that the house he cou nted, and only 36 members bring present, it was adjourned at half -et seven to twelve o'clock this day. Tim opposition to the health of Towns Bili has been undoubtedly swelled by selfish interests, derived from very impure sources. Its most inveterate opponents arc the cottage owners, who have been throughout hostile to the extension of sanitary regulations, where these in any way interfered with structural arrange ments. The class of cottage owners have long exer cised much power over corporate jurisdictions. We have gone over, with much care, the lists of council lors in sonic of our largest provincial towns, and, with the aid of those having a local knowledge, have mark ed the names of persons known to be largely interested TIIE last two or three publications in the Gazette in cottage property ; and, in nearly every case, we have of the weekly condition of the Bank of England have found a large majority who bad a direct pecuniary in- served to arouse apprehensions which we arc in terest in tenements inhabited by the labJuring classes. dined to regard as somewhat disproportionate to the These men see with alarm the approach of powers occasion. It is not the least of the many mischiefs which are to injure their " vested rights." They inflicted upon commerce by the present Bank Act, that have sunk wells and fixed pumps, charging it brings the salient features of its position prominently their poor tenants exorbitant rates for a miserable before the public at intervals too frequent to admit supply of water. generally hard, and contaminated of accidental exceptions taking their true place in an with the drainage of surrounding cesspools ; and they impartial average, and separated by an interval too are thoroughly convinced by the all powerful arga- short to permit the false impressions derived from mt./aunt ad saechultan, that it would be most unfair one return t ) become corrected before the appearance for waterworks to furnish abundance of pure and of the next. That the merchants, and bankers, and wholesome water at a small fraction of thc cost of the manufacturers of this trading nation should have an present stinted and miserable supply. Where water- easy access to all reasonable information relative to works now exist, these benevolent cottage owners the movements of the Bank of England is a pro have erected cisterns to encroach upon , the already peeition long since removed from the arena of disputa much tee confined space of the dwelling, and to im- on. But thenth e this is one of those problems where the bibe all the impurities of a close and vitiated atmo- a dmission of general fact does not give us much sphere, charging rarely less than 15 020 per cent. as assistance towards the adjustment of the details. It a rental on the outlay ; and they see with horror the is clearly desirable that a patient should be made a tt em pts made to induce towns to su b s titute a con- acquainted at certain times with the progress of his s tasit for an intermittent s u pp l y , on the introduction disease, or his convalescence ; but surely it would he l of which all the cisterns will be rendered useless. esteemed, not less an extravagance of announcement 1 These same righteous cottage owners have small than a device totally destructive of its purpose, to patches of land, on which they build back keep both the sufferer and his attendants in to back houses, courts in eat de sacs, alleys a perpetual alternation of hope and fear by of impassable width, and, *ith the fra'ernal li ve a proclamations of every change in his pulse, viction that man is a social animal, fitted to live and every vicissitude in his appetite. We arc by no with his kind, manage, as in the case of Liverpool, to means singular in the belief that the weekly return cause 658,000 human beings to live within the space of the Bank is distinctly open to an objection of this of a square mile. They now see a termination of this character. It gives too much information of one sort sacrifice which provides certain widths for alleys, and delib e rations, but gives us no clue to their reasons, certain magnitudes for courts. and it confers a pernicious importance upon mere Never was there such an unholy or selfish opposi- specialities in the experience of the Bank, simply be tion to a measure of improvement, as that now at- cause the interval embraced is too short and narrow tempted to be raised. We do not impute a partici- to admit of an impartial and true perspective. We pation in such motives, to those members of the cannot conceive that any just complaint could be House of Commons who have allowed themselves to made if the present form of account, divested of be blindly thrust forward by the true opponents of some of its ridiculous features, was consolidated into the bill, but we do ascribe to them an ignorance an average return for four weeks, and published at the most extreme, and a facility in allowing them- the end of every . month. selves to be deceived, a quality much prized by con- The feature in the last return which has attracted stituencies who prefer pliability to judgment in their the most attention, is the further decline in the but. representatives. lion. " Here," runs the commentary, "is a departure When we find it gravely stated by members of the of 360,0001. of treasure in one week, and a diminu house that the common law is sufficient to prevent tion of treasure from the highest point on the 25th and repress " nuisances which affect the health of March (1848) of two and a half millions. Vs are man" we aro inclined to doubt whether the know. the inferences ?" Let us see. So far, we are happy ledge on matters of public hygiene has really so ex- to believe that none of the causes which have pre tended itself over the country as report led us duced this drain upon the Bank ran justify any great to believe. What a ponderous and sluggish machine solicitude. The apprehensione, whatever they may the common law is, to bring against nuisances which amount to, refer much more to the future than the may devastate whole cities before the law can be made past. to recognise their existence! Previous to the intro- It can hardly have escaped the attention of the ob duction of Lord MORPETH'S bill for the suppression servent, that the supposititious advent of sedition of nuisances, there was no other method for their which has cast so peculiar a haze of notoriety over removal exe2eit by indictment, and this could cnly be the 10th of last month was fixed at an especially in \ supported by the oaths of persons who experienced convenient time in this land of periodical payments. the nuisance in public thoroughfares. Slaughter- The quarterly exhaustion of the resources of the na houses and dunghtlls in courts never could be brought timed creditor and the great apotheosis of chartism under the operation of the law, which from its expen- fell with an unfortunate coincidence upon nearly the siveness would have been practically timeless, even if same date of the calendar. Now it admits of no possible it had comprehended them. The office of question that if therebe any class of the community who inspector of unisances in all large towns thus more than another cultivates a sensitive acuteness upoh became an actual sinecure, and indeed had ceased matters of national solvency and cash payment, it is altogether, or became emaciated with other offices assuredly the heterogeneous groups who, at the end of and existed only in name. The recent law of Lord every three months, choke up the dividend o ffi ces of the Warren, avowedly only a temporary measure, has Bank of England. In ordinary times bank notes certainly been productive of much good, by substi- occupy a place in their estimation as select as that luting a summary conviction befor e a magistrate for which is set apart for the literal riches of gold and a lengthened process by indictment ; but it only re. silver. But let a breath of apprehension diversify cognises nuisances after their existence, while his the current of their routine equanimity, and the de • present bill goes much further, and provides for their wand which would have been previously contented prevention. The bill, throughout an ir e details, has with paper, can then only be appeased by that which essentially a preventive character, and, in this by the paper represents, and dividend warrants become differs from all the pokers hitherto possessed by in truth so many calls for cash. To those whose ob existing laws. servation ranges over a larger space, and who are ac- We have not been blind to the defects of the bill contonleatoratetheseaccidentalPerturbationßover their ,----- PARLIAMENTARY DIVISION. _ ___ {MUSE OF COMMONS. —PUBLIC IIEALTIL BILL. Menisery of 71 to 210 who Toted la favour of Mr. ankes's amendinerit for mileading the operatlca of the Bill to London and Westminster. ri ley, I% B. Vertu, J. Jol li ffe, Sir W. o.llmyth, J. 0. Add anght, G. Eituoy, llon. Illinoi, Col. romerret, CapL Ark Itablock, E. U. Floycr, J. Locke, J. Spoone r, IL Parlay, 11. Yorles, W. Maelteritic, W. Faitatford, A. Bennet, P. Yuller, A. E. Manners LortlC.Stuart, J. Bestinek, Lord o.Galway, ViscL Manners, lord 0 Tollemache, J. Itentinek, Lordll.ooring, C. Aleut, Mr 11. TowashenclAkipt. Berestord, W. Granby. Marg. Miles, I'. W. S. TyrelL Sir J. Bolder°, IL 0 . Gwyn, 11. ktilea,ll'. Urquhart, I). Wire°, M. Think s, Capt. Morgan, 0. Waddington l , 1. 1 1 . Btooke, Lord Henley, J. W. Monte, G. F. Walpole, S. Buck, 1.. W. Iliklyard, T. It. Napier, J. Walter, .1. Coles, 11.11. Hill, Lord C. Facto, C. W. Welby, G. E. Coleile, C. It. Ilislimon, W. N. Renton. J. C. Wynn, Sir W. W. Dealer., W. Hood, Str A. Replan, 0. W. l. llotbain, Lord ltush out . Ca p t. Dick, litiArs.s. Ihrett U. , E. Ilt.d.ci, 0. Ficholctield, W. Banker, G. C. N. Duncan, Tl a ct. Ingentre, Viset. S i bthorp, Col. Newilegate, Egrrtae, W. T. Jocelyn. Vihet. kidney. Aid_ ....._ _ _ _ • __ _ tate Orproso MAILS. The mails for British North America, and the United itates, will be made up en the evening of the 12th May. The West India Mails, excluding lkirmutia, Noma, iilTaBlIS, Ilondoraa, New (Wean', Vera Crux, Tampico, anal Porto Rico, and including those for Madeira, Jaernel, Cart and Santa Martha, Chagrai, Panama, Went Coast of South Ame6on, and St. Juan-de- N icaragua, will be made upon the morning of the 17th May. The main for Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Clair, and Gibraltar will be made up on the morning of the 17th May. The overland mail , lot fill. ra lt a r, Malta, Greece, the lonian islands , Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, Bong-Kong, and thine, rum ,ioutliiimg ton, will be made op on the morning of the 211th May. The overland clonal mails eia Marseilles, to the Mediterranean, Egypt, Aden, Ceyloo, India, llong-heng, Sic., will bo made up 011 the evening of the 94th May. The mail, for New South Wale, Van Diernan's Land, and New Zealand will be made up on the evening of the Slat Map. The mails for the West Gaud of Africa and Ma gin. will be made up on the evening of the Slat May. l'he mails for the 'twits, the tuner Plate, Monte Video, Pernam buco. Bahia Madeira, and Buenos A yTCS, will be made up on the nof le 3rd June. NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS. The number of STAMPS issued by the authorities of t h e St am p-office, during 1847, to the DAILY NEWS was 3,447,00 9 This, we believe, is within eight per cent. of the number issued to the Morning Herald, Morning Chronicle, and Morning Post, ALL PVT TOGETHER. In addition to the above, issued to the DAILY NEWS, Morning l'aper, there were issued for the Evening Edition, THE EXPRESS 778,714 Which was more, we believe, than wero issued either to the Globe or Standard, Evening Papers. DIEM WATTS AT LONDON UMW. 7 Tam MT—Morale&l4 aimosei It 9: ill.llll.llolllionillt.ti air pet is LONDON, W EDNESDAY, MAY 10. THE total disregard to anything like merit, effi- ' ciency, or fitness in recent appointments to office is, indeed, one of the worst symptoms both for the ministry and for the system of government. For the ministry, it betokens a recklessness of the future and a defiance of public opinion, indicating a despair of success in the task of successfully guiding and govern ing the country. For th e system, it betrays an inca pacity to discover or appre ciate administrative talent, which calls for a deeper turning up of the intellectual soil, in order to the eliciting of some more ability than is furnished by aristocratic families or admitted and by an electoral body steeped in dependence _ corruption. We have already alluded to the Railway Board and to the astounding incapacity of its members and its acts, and that, too, in the midst of a country and a movement, thronged with men and minds of the first capacity in this very speciality. How is it that the country can alwayb find talent, and that government never can ? How is it that the public can of itself discover, discern, and raise to emi nence, the STEPREN andSONS,he BRUN and the H B,UDbatSONS, that and th e Loot ES, t EL government cannot obtain a clever man in this spe cialityy, or at least never can do so without getting rid of as soon as his talents aro discovered? ......--ssoiee—ee-e.es--•••• present year, it should be recollected that in consequence of recent political events that stock was very much depreciated, and consequently a great quantity bad been brought lover by speculators. Ile protested ageing anything being done on the part of the government to create a bad feeling between this and any other country, or to raise hopes in the workieg classes which must inevitably be disappoiwa. Sir D. L. EVANS took that opportunity to . seek the noble lord the Secretary for Foreign Affairs, whether he had com mucated recently with the Proonal Government of Francs respecting the claims of the 100 engineers whose case he (Sir 1). L. Evans) had brought uuder the noble lord's notioe / Lord PALMERSTON said he bad brought the ease under the coneieration of te French governme t and nothing could bed more hands om e than the manner in which his ap• plicatioo had been received. (Mear, hear.) lie could not at that moment state the progress that had been made in the ma tter, but the hon. and g allaat member might rely on his best esertione to bring it to a successful the termin oratder ion. Mr. BA NKES cordially approved of whichohis noble friend had alluded, and if any h on . member chose t o move an addre ss of thanks to her Majesty he should be most happy to second it. Mr. HUME thought the suggestion the most mischievous that possibly could be made. After a few words from Mr. NaWDEGA TE, approving the restriction to British manufactures, Colonel THOMPSON said that his constituents at Brad ford made a great many waistcoat and pantaloon patterns for foreign consumption, and coatsc that these were fairly trucked for ladies' petti from France. (Laughter.) Surely . the order which had been the eubject of so much discussion bad not issued from a quarter which was eatitled to all respect. Surely it had come front some court Polo nius who was not e ntitled to much attention. (" Hear," and a louh. lie had no confidence in lord en d s, but he felt s ure that t he ) ladies had more sense than to att to such an order. Why, there was not a girl in England who wore a pair of French gloves, who did not know that they were im ported in exchange for British manufactures. Ile trusted that the node lord and his colleagues on the opposite beech, would at length see the folly of making one ralf of a co es mmu nity beggars under the pretence other. Mr. CIIRISTOPI IER thought that the bon. and g allant m ember for Bradford sh ould be informed that even hie con stitueots were injured by recent importations from abroad. Haring the last three mouths woellens to he value of ne arly 70,0001. had been imported, re p r esenting the em ployment of 9,200 of the hon. and gallant member's consti tuents. lie (Mr. Christopher) remiced at the command which had Bien issued by the sovereign, but trusted that it wou ld not create any 19 feeling is a neighbouring country. Lord J. RUSSELL —Perhaps alter 10 much having been said, he might be permitted to add that he did not eonsider the order alluded to by the noble lord as one of very great imperial importance. It certainly was never intended as a retaliation for the driving of Englishmen out of France. It appeared to him to be an order i vendedn for the lte ulterior -------------_ _ IMI'ERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS TUESDAY, MAT 9. The LoaD CiinscaLtion took his seat at 5 o'clock. PUBLIC BUSINESS. SECOND ILEADVo.—Pro v ident Asemistion Fraud Prevention Bill. REPORT.—lncumbered FAMMe (Ireland) Bill. TIDED READINO..-Indemnity Bill. 'PETITIONS. —By the Varlet l'Orrrinceit, troniTorrinledk end ether places in Devonshire; lord Banconsii, from • place la ilamtahlre, the Lord Proveet and town Donnell a Edinburgh, 'Menses, mad msny other places ,• Lord Csarau.s., Itom Greenock and Wintechapri; Lord Kunisino, final Coventry, liionston-urmTlinin TollWVirn the Cu edcathic* of Oxford, Acton, Ealing, end other PEnfeel liatS,'" l. of e ZiCAIWIN from Drogheda; Earl of be. Demesn, frOM I.loblond, Pennine% MI other places in Cornwall; Lord Lesoncear, from a place in Kent and other p Seen in favour of the lowish Disabilities Bill.—Farl EtAII,,CI: it, Lord lisovuose, Lard nialn.iv, Lord Lein,. Warr, Earl of Forneros, Lord Basileoni, the Duke of Eh eel in-cii, and the Marquis of Wascutensa, from various lodges, in favour of the bill for I,wilisins Odd Fellow soeielisa—Lianneas from Dr. Potts, pra)ing their fiordship', to insUtu so bigotry into the merits of his inveillial driVing On by MeSiol of VieWilaU o preesure.” DR. POTTS'S INVENTION. L,rd LYNDHURST having Fated the object of this peti tion for n inquiry into the merits of the invention for pile driving, a by pneumatic permute, i n connesion with public erorks4and the construction of national defences, thc Duke teeth Wellington and Lids Auckland and Brougham, bore mony to its useful chareeter.—To lie on the table. PROVIDENT ASSOCioN IAT IONBIL S FRAUD PREVEN TL. Lord BEAUMONT, in moving the second reading of this etie bill, s better known as a Wit for legalising Odd Fellows' Soci- after stating the history of Odd Fellows, Foresters, and 'similar societies, which had been decided to be illegal, as coming within the 39 Oeo. 3, c. 76, argued at some length that as these associations were purely of a charitable character, they . ought tu be brought within the provisions of the Benefit Societies Act. At present the surplus funds of Odd Fellows' societies were invested in the names of individuals as trustees, the societies not being able to make investments in their own names. These were evils which the bill proposed to remedy, and he trusted their f o r would consent to its second reading. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE could not assent to the bill in i.s present torm, as it would enable societies with secret signs to be established both in Engl an d and Ireland, and applied to mischievous purposes. He, ho er, w ould give g ive his anent to the second reading, beenase the societies intended to be benefited by the bill had some claim on their lordships, and ho hoped the measure would be referred to a select committee to see if it could bo so shaped as to give the Ond Fellows' societies the advantages of the Benefit Societies Act. Lord BEAUMONT was quite satisfied, and would endea vour to shape the bill in accordance with the wishes of the noble marquis. CHURCH BENEFICES. The Bishop of ILAN DAFT postponed his motion on this subject until Tuesday nest. Their lordships adjourned at half-past six o'clock. ----- HOUSE OF COMMoNS.—TVESDIY, MAT D. The Sv BASIS tk P R I V ATEair at 4 o'clock. BUSINESS. REPORT CONSIDEILED.-Uunenaferry PUMP Bill, and ordered to be recommitted. 101 READINGS. -Derby Waterworks; Lambeth Waterworks ; Ilanchester General Cemetery ; Patent Galvanised Iron Company (incorporation of company, with powers to hold %AMIN to raise money by loan, itn.l to purchase letter' patent); Bills. PUBLIC BUSINESS. PETITIONS. -By Capt. lusts, from Londonderry : Col. Mum, f r om Greenock: Mr. Boogie, from Liverpool; Mr. Di su AN, from Dundee ; Mr. V. MOVIA, (tool Perthshire and other places; Sir It. Pmt., from a Scotch presbytery: Mr. Ew sac, from Dumfries; all in favour of granting sites for flue churches airs cotd.-Col.Cosoul.v, several petitions from plaoes in Ireland, agt the national system of education for that country.- Mr. Feiss, from Derby, against the legicy duty. .Sir 0. ClSint, front Doter, against the Ileelth of Towns Bill; and by Lord :Omni, from Bath, in (AVOW . of that mess sure.-Lord Bsusias, from Warwick, againn the sale of spirituous liquor. on Sundays.-Sir J. T. Busies, from places in Devonshire, against the dui,. on attorneys' cerhttoites.-Mr. Musts, from Odd Fellows' societies of Birmingliam, to favour of friendly s ocieties Trinket* NOTIC . ES OF MOTION.- it,GOILIt Drsaserrc.orthd e state /onus'', on the nth of Daze, to bring under the notice of the house of the juvenile popuiation of the metropolis. Mat ItSS ORDERED. -Oa the motion of Mr. Ilamitros, relative to the crown Dralsot Ballykilchre, arid of the parish of Killtiass, is, the county of Itoecommon.-th, the motion of Mr. t mut tsar, copies of ceders of instructions issued by the commissioners of sesers of the metropolis relative to experimints made with respect to tluunfecung Ards. LONGFORD ELECTION PETITION. The following memben were sworn at the table to try the merits of the petition against the sitting member for Long ford:-The Bon. E. P. llonverie (chairman), Messrs. It. I. Tennant, W. H. P. Carew, Lord Unity Bentinck, and Mr. Blaney. ...-----------'----- ~.--------- as it was at first issued, and believe that we can intrinsic worth, a distrust so easily aroused may e r. • tly congratulate ourselves on having obtained pear to be rather absurd than pendent. Without W iitj;, jug some of its material amendments; but we can- to determiue so nice a point, we are content to I; not lend ourselves to the senseless cry welch assured of the fact, and this fact we are diepoesa to endeavours to draw benevolent men from the true consider as the cause of the recent drain. 'fe e d i n object of their sympatbies. Such men as the wise once set in, it received an important addition fromths &Broome who view themselves as reprysentatives events in Ireland, and the demands upon _ the sae* of the human race, and cannot extend their intellects banks in some parts of that country. It was inc beyond the limited sphere of their own comforts or in the third place, by that particularly obnoxious pre. annoyances, cannot be expected to open their ears vision of the recent banking laws which plu s , to the groans of the dying or to the wailinge of the proviucial circulation under the fetters of i the bereaved orphans and widowe. But that men, minimum ; for this is one of the junctures in tn o who can understand what has already been exposed course of the twelvemonth, when the tempme t s of the horrible sufferings and intense wretchedness increase of businees in the country banks calls d o caused by the delay in the passing of sanitary measures, use a greater volume of circulating medium. n u m ; and who can see unmoved the duration of human life there has been the exportation of the precious meta, c ut down from the scriptural ago of threescore years which has taken place to France and to the countess 1 and ten to the fearfully low standard of eighteen and between Ostend and the Elbe. This is the last twenty years in most of our large towns—that such species of demand upon which any uniess would men can dare to point to the history of the past as be founded, and in point of feet we bel iev e r' it to have 1 justifying uncontrolled civic management for the been among the least extensive of the four future, displays an iguorance or a heartlessness which which have produced a decline in the Bank reserve. itlbecomes men entrusted with legislative functions. The tempnnuor hassled deresion in the elite ot the French tis easy, like Mr. Ilituttmomi, to characteriee the exchange which exposures of heavy evils such as these by the I realth has been brought about by circumstances altogetus I I of 'I owns Commission as poetic fictions; it is still peculiar. The events of February brought into the mar. I e a s ier to make a deliberative assembly laugh bY a m an as sellers theynearlevery Frenchmen:tient andtrades. speech which has delayed the bill for a single night, ho had good fortune to possess a vendable 'during which more than a hundred people have been commodity; andthe pressure of the same events tooku I , swept to an untimely grave; but it is a solemn and c ompletely out of the market nearly eve Frenchman ' a serious matter to lon me that these jeers are answered who, under other circumstances, would have appeared 'throughout the land by the sighs of the dying there as a buyer. 'the result, therefore, Wail very 1 and the lamentations of the bereaved. And natural. The quantity of bills on England to be sou yet it is true that ev er y da y 's delay in sanitary legis- was greater t han could be disposed of without aa ration renders the country res p onsible for a large a b a t e ment in their price ; and hence, in spite of the amount of preventible disease and death, measured conversion of the notes of the Bank of France into a not by units, but by hundreds. compulsory paper money, we have seen the quote. It is no true argument to say, that our country pos- tions in the Bourse descend to a point ahnoo aelow es ' sews a lower rate of mortelity than that of the eon- they , ever reached undera perfectly convertible state of lacerate' states, whre central snitary arragements the French currency. On our side of the channel veil if these s were e ffi cientlya carried n eut, the the price of French bills has been also dear, from die P r° .. comparison might be just, but we know that this is operation of the same causes, greatly aidut I th e ve ry r everse of the fact. The small attention to however, by the prevalence of a very natural dielzut sewe rage, to the ventilation of streets', to the supply of in the stabilit y of a large portion of the drawl , water, all the very main springs of public health, and of the bills on the other side. These phew:sue 1 the neglect of all which characterises continental towns, are now disappearing, and the state of the exch ss I render wholly useless the police arrangements for the beginning to be a tue index of the balance atm& I I üblic health. No one can now assert t hetween the two count r riea—a balance mainly in fawn P rotection of p I that the state of our towns under local management is of England. The same narrative, with less of ea such as it ought to be, nor can it for a moment be phasis, will apply to the recent shipments of coin is averred, that the rate of mortality is not infinitely Belgium and Holland. sae ' greater than it should be in a civilised country. The In our own money market the difficulty has been system of local management has been fairly tried, and for some time not for the merchant of good credit to Ufound wanting. it cent inquiries have shown obtain money, but to procure a merchant of good that the causes of local failure s are local jobbery and credit to take it. For short terms, and in exchange mismanagement on the one hand, and ignorance of for sound securities, the value of money has fallen what should be done on the other. A board of super- v ery nearly . ae low as in the redundant season of 1843. vision is to be appointed to remedy these defects, and But there is this important difference between that the opponents ot the bill refuse to allow it a fair time and the present the prospect of an increred trial. We are not surprised that the cottage owners demand for capital was then so hopeless that people in their prejudices should jeiu this opposition, although of wealth were becoming desperate, and were mei. unwisely in our opinion, as we shall shew in another sible to any extravagance of proposal. A description article that they would be gainers by its adoption. of this kind will not apply to the present moment But we are much astonished at the ignorance of sani- It is true that the rate of interest has fallen to 2 tary law, the perversion of palpable facts, betrayed by per cent. on three months' paper ; but by to bonen the exponents of this opposition in the houve. In money for 12 months on the strenh of a cargo se Mr. Ditemetoee's speech on Friday, in a tone and coffee, sugar, indigo, or silk, and y ou will presently with a levity wholly unbecoming the subject-matter find that the middle of the stream cannot be judged of debate, the possibility of disease and filth acting by the placidity of the margin. One man will tell detrimentally on the progress of religion and educe- you that under present eireunastunees the time is too !ion, and favouring the growth of crime, was long—the next, that under the same cirenmstarees the security is liable to great hazards ; &ird, that be treated as a langhter-exciting absurdity. A po- will accept you at once if you will admit th a liberty of lily more fully and satisfactorily determined. real in the event of bad intelligence from Freres; Lord Astit.Ev broughethat matter home to every one's and a fourth, that be will lend yen the money,bet convictions. It requires little medical knowledge to understand that the depressing iufluence of foul only at seven per cent. and a wide margin. These, it seems to us, are the di ffi culties of tie emanations, the causes of dieease, produces a future, which, if sentiments of precaution are to be craving for stimulants of all kinds. It is this, in a cherished at all, must be d be ex the basi ceedingly upon hickwhthey modified degree, which incites the female sex in all are to pr oceed. It wouli t h ey to filthy localities to sacrifice every personal comfort and place them out of view. It would be peculiar le in. luxury, rather than forego the purchase of tea and expedient in our own case to omit all fothauOt u coffee ; and it is this, in a greater degree, which makes to the e ff ect of a sudden demand fo rtld um the gin-bottle an appendage rarely absent from the the Bank of England, exci res ence ofted by aFa Ratio rench is. houses of the poar. T he filth of these houses, arising vasion of Italy, or the p mainly from the want of facilities for cleanliness, contingent in Schleswig. There cannot be a moon* lzaces fur them little of the enjoyment and comforts of doubt that any extensive warfare in Europe won a home, and their occupants look to the tavern and gin fortinsantly produce an impression on the Bank coffers palace for the forgetfulness of their domestic miseries. the supply of military chests ; and the inure so It The wife living always in undrained and filthy loca- the present Juncture, because the tendency of all re. lilies, bowed down by disease and suffering, cannot long retain that equanimity of temper which is cent events, from Vienna to Paris, and from the Baltic to Piedmont, has been to provoke the hoardine or the essential to the happiness of the poor man's home, exportation of the precious metals. A demand 15 and his enjoyment is rarely there. Freed from do- gold and silver arising out of such causes must be mestic restraints, and under the iufiuence of stimu- carefully istinguished from an ordinary adverse lents and bad associate!, it is not wonderful that crime balance of payments. When a king or a con. often b e comes a secondare r esult of those causes queror wants hard dollars to protract a defensive which primarily acte d p re j udicially on his health. or complete a victorious campaign, he higgis Statisticians are fully agreed that crime and disease do about the price, and as ROTHSCIIILD told the charter often go hand in hand, and the reason of their doing co mmittee of 1832, if five per cent. premium will not so is not so occult 83 to justify the sneers of even a do it, ten per cent. will be given. Of this we have eection of the house. The map of any large town, had plenty of examples. Most of the foreign poetise, marked separately by the police, the scavenger, and for examele, of the great drain of seven raw the registrar of deaths, unitormly shows that crime, which took place between June, 1830, and FebrnerT. death, and filth, co-exteud over the same areas. 1832, was exported to countries for the purposed war reserver, at an immense sacrifice upon every ground of commercial calculation. And in the teat of the same calamities again occurring we matte prepared for the same contingency, carried out in the same spirit of defiance to every economical maxim. GERMANY. PRUSSIA. —We have received our usual files of German papers. 'those from Berlin reach to the lti of May. the magistrates there have published notice stating that in consequence of the great distils among the inhabitants, the municipal authorities law been anxious to provide employment in the executio of public works, bat they are Impeded by the sk looked for demands upon the savings bank (spite arse), which amount to 500,000 rix-dollars, while* available funds to meet it amount to only 30,000. AS there are no public sources of income to meet thew extraordinary demands, an income tax has bees de. cided upon with the sanction of the 'Ministers of the Interior and Finance. 1. One per cent, shall is raised upon net income as an extraor Unary tax. All substantial inhabitants of our city within the ple• cincts shall be subject to this tax ; but every indi• vidual enjoying . a net income of 300 rix-dollars, sod families consisting of only two persons, with a tet income of 400 rig dollars, are exempt. 3. It will Is left to every person liable to be taxed to estimate hs own income, and to give the amount which be MID consider to be the Just proportion. They are rt. quested to do so in order that the government taithoti ties may be enabled to provide work, and repay flit savings bank. M. il'Usedom, Envoy E xtraordinar y and VoidsM. Plenipotentiary at the Court of Rome, arrived hes on the sth inst. The Prussian Political Indicator of Berlin was tions a report that the Danish government has re posed an armistice of three weeks, during which ths confederated Germa n troo p s should confine thew to the continent of Schleswig. The General-M 4ii is stated to have replied, that he could not cosset , an armistice, except on condition of the eve.. by the Dales of the island of Alsen, and taking the embargo laid on German vessels. The missal the Danish government was hourly expected. The following letter is from a correspondent, we relates to the affairs of Posen: BEanix, May 3. —According to the provisions @IWO vention entered into between the Prussian geversailq presented by General Wiftizen, and the that o l eos s of assay of Posen, it was distinctly stipulated i latter who wished to be incorporated into the antelw • be allowed to remain in t he camps at Pleshen, Nor,. Xionz, and Ravikew, an d employ their time in Mr'. t h emse lves tor the regular military serv i c e. As see% Mt ever, as General Willisen left Posen, General Coloak * t u ated with feelings of ha tred and ji alousy towar': former, chose to disregard the treaty and attaeltef Polish camps. The Poles, seeing themselves betrefeol an yr o i t er mined to seal ther lives dea rl y , and although by overwhelming forces an d almost entirely deprived h ave resolved to defend to the last the liberties 10 , concessions made to them by the King's commie*: have already described to you the bloody coaflir*,,:: Odolany and at Raszkow. Near the latter place the Fr with General Willisen's special permission, establaross military school, as a nucleus for the future annl.o young men, all belonging to the best families otitis and all drafted from that legion which was formed at immediately after the revolutionand received their srr, the President Istinutoli, were quietly pursuing their seit,' t when all of a sudden a Prussian regiment coadetlf, Silesia entered the place, and carried them away as to Krotoszyn, where they have been treated 111 Ow ; malefactors, and it is said the/ will be kept as hoetall s Z o Xionz the Poles were ab out iOO in number. Oil the 29th ult., this handful of men were attacked bk../ PrlllsilLllL The stnigFle was terrible. It lasted foes Three times the PrIIIILIII hussars and cuirainal palled, with a great loss. At length the Prosily masked their artillery, and a fearful cartage 2..„11, hundred Poles remained on the field, the rem; towards Nowe Waste , . The town of Xi o nz Li is a heap of ashes. Major Dom b ro wski, who pulp, had his jaw shattered by , privehim of an eye, and yet he until a third shot struck him in the at adiloslaw wee attended with still wu marked by deeds of desperate. yond all pa ra llel, even in the 4 The Prussians had 10,000 men, a I hfieroslawski only 1,200 men, en , During the fight the Polish by detachments which arrived ft the town was taken by the Pros- : were driven from it. After eigh• I fug, the Poles remained muter' 'f elan cavalry fled with such peer e ranks of the in entry. The Pram e Trod'. General Colomb has eon e the point of reweaving the eft • Ifieretslawaki Lirge number , Prussian rar.ks to the Pules. Tt c , being determined either to fall t ranee of the treaty. They are a Archbishop of Posen, who has blamed the clergy . for their on the contrary, issued a .r insists upon their duty to g•• 1 the insidious ractices of tl deny that a ny barbarities the peasants. On the contrary, I once and g od bohaviour, whilst the murders and excesses perpm,l other day a sergeant accompan the house of Count Sadowski, a i lin had been conemned to dea wards liberated, d lived quietly Sadowski, who was cocdcmne , geant ; and on receiving an anal, a pistol at his head and laid him duct on the part of the military. not excuse, the atrocities which • I peasants. The following is a letter Posen: POSEY, MAY I.—l send you I. Willisen's capitulation with th• German paper has given, doule• I slon it must make upon all reale fled by the Diet of Frankfort) mans themselves feel the impel for the cause of freedom gene has only been roused by the 1 r tion of tales of unheard of am .. on the German population. 1v sen under royal authority v Colomb, before the expiratio ., arrangements specified. lade nised by that general, who scent ent orders from those given to Poles could not tell who had the cruelties committed, Gen. Von testimony against his troops, wit CANKRAL Grouts tearro To Toe during the passage of the army Cm one t f the landwehr regiments lit , e military discipline. A priest and a , the windows broken. Itesidee, Muds have reached me. Immedi.,te the guilty parties will be puni to would throw a stigma on the the commanders, officers, andllol the strictest discipline among th.• show himself too lenient and c rc most severity. As to the soldier I own good name that they will individual excesses.—(Sioneel, V. a The principal provisions o t Gen. Willisen and the Pole o the principal officials emplo (I be Poles, LA guaranteed i minor functionaries are ti according to the nu-se two populations. 2. The a to form an entirely compact The army of Posen will alto i much so that no Poles will ev of other Prussian corps, au a ranks of the Posraniau national colours, and the wore German, according to the ton That over and above tit's formed a division of the lire I 6. The Polish camps will those who have chosen •el about to be formed. Every c retain his arms as his prop rt after them on waggons. This the second day the landwe seed to join its regiment' remaining volunteers will be squadrons. Each battalions squadron not to exceed 12) occupy the following font Xionz, and I'leseben. The; menders and maintain them under the inspection of Cola shall be incorporated with th eeive pay from gorammen done, viz., at Strode on ti 15th, at Xionz on the 17th, the Prussian army proceedings stopped, an d begun without delay. No Iv be liable to any responsib lit dom of Poland will he dcliv and contributions will be e perty restored by both in rti longing to the four camps a , banded, partly incorporated The letter quoted by tl seek, addressed by the Arcl his diocese, in which, a in covered was direved agmns Germans, runs as follows : I have learned, to my grey are taling all possible pains o • ceec of Preen, in order to in lu. and an incorporation of tho many. It in of the greate-t chinations, and to ascertain th German population in this r enoe to amemble your portal io stews LA to whether they sr, n whose nationality they have whether, in spite of their Is lip parati in from the grand du• hr confederation, where their , tection sad importance. I ,v plain to your parishioners •he have been circulated by our ci true light. I shall an:toasty of your pariabioners, which at with a cress, and remain, Ire. This letter, it must b.,. of the Prussian troops, that an appeal of the k:n intimidating character. tying it, it is not easy t. Our corresponden ander the date of Ct. c It is certain that the rection ; but now the hand in several places chest, the accounts iron. ted, however, that G feated in the teed-as:11 Sokolowo, the prayer.] the fugitive Prussians • already very great. On disarm the civic guard e 'wend. the purpose eta created distrust amor.) t sued to use reprisals, pears by all accounts •b were not of a political insulting conduct of a that after tho name . 0 civic guard and the . it and maintain them, 1 it to prevent a collision n portion of the iahabit ea On the 4th inst. •o a public procession o' the President of the to to petition for the re. arrested. The civic since the memorable through the streets at were made to create Serious disturber. e Braunsberg, a large •o citizens made use or b killed. The cause o BAVARIA.—'I have entered into to lower the price ( difference betweer I AUSTRIA.—T' solemnly protester! stitution in Austria tion of the " king I( held in Vienna. SWITZERLAS correspondence fro I arrived at Liekthal had returned from • II TILE FRENt journals contain tiA the mission of Ge• e French Antilles. N _ .... the Bailing of the p. the 2nd of March. to the colonists tl-n the government of general in its langA and explicit docume Quadsloupe. All t have given in th, The Colonial Coot( Provisional Govern' with the prosper• of the slaves. Ti, have issued a decke proaching change, nufactories (ntaie, islands were perfect their misgivings as to labour after enia , government by yr Patiently awaited t , from a monetary gested. A Guada, , of the French Ant.