The Express. — London, England, 1851-02-24 00:00:00

EVERT SATURDAY APPERNOON WILL RE PUBLISHED. THE EXHIBITION EXPRESS, Rise of Deily Hensley Deable Parr, PRI , Y. SOUR 'ME. Cestelning even poswildie isle:native relative be Ihe iashsr katingrios or 1 , 41. 111 Nees, Libilators' Preopeete, intended Contestr, Arramessawith Anwerenee, Promo.. teat Rol t"R". The ewornenwe somber of peroone intemtwe is die Owtheoates Oren Lahilitioa at the Wierld's twit wry lawn tinhertn hod so awthteeliwy mews motive in the min -no inert softletently owl with MCA•ARIOM soempretieweive enough td erase sod *amplify He Isetbadentasi sspositson with fulness w Nay id so grand no reset—the prwrieters of the LEPREST ben delereeimed spew Iseelse. every Ostniday efterrows. a dwaide ADM et that pryer, to is.sdais the fastest end Idiot Walsall= .ion's 111 Ibe &paw? hill • mos d Maw wedeer to the multi:Wed peewee late-noted either signumal Ned = 4 :Atitternes rd waterers. menstiers 441114 11 dela. e 411464., BWsd •44144. 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Loral Joule Itessso. havingduelared that his cabinet could not go on, and that it was not fur him to re construct another, her MAJENTY swam sl Lord tire:suf. as the chief of the most numerous party in opposition. Ibis lordship, it is said, fell himself more perplexed than flattered by the offer, and declared, that not having placed the minis try in a minority, he had nut incurred the responsi bility of providing for the administration of the country. lie would, however, consult his friends. Rumour continues the story, by alleging that the Morquis of GRANBY was the principal friend to whom Lord Srest.EY had recourse. Ile represented to the mark , marquis. that in the present failure and impossibility of other parties to form a ministry, it was possible and open for the prottetionists to form one, with the 'wort . .., however, that they should, at least liar the present, waive protection. to this Lord Gm %SOY and his friends very honestly, we think, de mumel ; and Lord STANLEY forthwith returned to the !Wave to resign into the QUEKN'S kinds the trust with which he had been honoured. On the ionic eve ' g of Saturday Lord lints Run- SEEL and Sir Jew.: tlweilvm were together in the fluffs's cabinet, fur the purpose of trving if a joint administration could nut he forma Yes terday. Sunday, they were again at the palace, and it was known that Lord AtiEttliELN strenuously ex erted I •If to bring about a fusion. Lord Anne indoinwo, is said to have waived every idea of Ow Foreign-office fur himself, und, indet . d, was averse to taking any office. The terms, upon which an accord and a coalition were proposed, were said to he the introduction of a new budget by Sir Items Grethen as Chamcilor of the Exchequer, and some modification of the ;ma rred bill as regards Ireland. Sir Jolts Hots thirst:, under a new title, has been anode- preci pitated up to the Mouse of Lords. The Duke erf NENIASTI.r it is suppwed, would take his plater. Sitixf.v III:RH/AT and Mr. tentiwr.o. were also to have seats in the cabinet. To make room for them and for their seism& requires, however, a very considerable change of fittings, much more easify 1 ... v .4 and agreed to in the gross than actvin pbslied satisfactorily in detail. There still remain. however, many great and serious difficulties, more than possibly may be over- MM.' before the SeVAKER hikes the chair to-morrow._ The greattat of these, no doubt, are the reluctance of Lord hots Itessm.t. to aweritite any portion of a bill which he etenwiekred the mulirsiPleil of dignified rmisituitee to Ronw, and to retain oohed by the ad mission of a new element and a um party into the cabinet, which. however liberal on questions of free trade and of public etanemv. are still no friends of either elictieral or iselesinstital reform. On a gnat many pastime, Molted, the Peelites have had the tart of not committing themselves ; so that we know much morn of the ability of these men than of their r ' iliVi n ple% orv ie% S. At p11431 . 11t the . publie and the miner must. on a great many ponds, take them on trust. Whilst had ivhigs, Peelitts, and reformers MT% ell O camistign on the oppuoition bendiest, a much fainrest mute, und a much stronger anialguma lion of meu and things into a party might have been accomplished. There Ls. however, one idea dominant in the par liamentary, and even in the extraporlianientary mind, and that is, the dread of a dissolution. Su !nasty politicians are for the present without Irmo plea, and au many more without money ; wo few parties hov e behaved well, and so few men have entitled themselves to the gratitude of the public, that no good, it is thought, could come of facing it. A parliament newly elected would certainly excel the existing one in reli gious seal. Whip would be ousted by fanatics, Landlords by tenant farmers. The Irish elections would prose a resuscitation of Donnybrook Fair. A general election would dim the glassy mewse and disturb the tranquil atmosphere of the Crystal Palace. To the dissolution, therefore, every one cries aranuuf. Anil yet if Lord Jour will not lend his countenance to the coalition, Lord tir Vicar must again be called, must dissolve, will be beaten, and a liberal ministry must re-dissolve, and England present throughout 1831 the aspect of a prolonged political tempest. Change however there must be. If Lord Jotix Ittssrtst. could, like the vizier in the Arabian Nights, steal forth in disguise, and perambulate the streets and clubs, and independent circles where men of bu siness esaigrepte, he would, amidst a variety of im pressions, discover a manifest gladness and exulta- Simi at the idea of the Family Compaet being broken up, and at the number of wing names in the list of placenien being thinned. Whilst saying this, let us express surprise that at a moment when it is found necessary to strengthen a ministry and give it a broader basis, the hereditary statesmen of the empire should not recur to that party which first upnanad the banner and fought the ltattle of free trade. At a crisis like the present, through which free trade came triumphant, and to put an end to which reduction of expenditure and electoral reform are promiaed and invoked, it dots seem prepesterously ungrateful, that the most popu lar. moat energetic, most talented, most true and anomie champions of this principle should be over looked. Tlw Duke of NEwmucrLe is a very good mw ; and perhaps admen or a score of voters might follow him to the field. But we do not see that either his presence or his party are of that resplendency or magnitude. as to throw • into the shade those who muster one hundred upon all questions of pro greawive reform. We are now speaking without book. We do not pretend to be the organ of any party, being eon nuns" with representing those broad principles which bind liberalstogether, setting aside the peculiar views and predilections which separate them. I% ehavehad too , many causes of difference of late with eminent re formers to pretend to be the depository or the organ of their personal sentiments. They would be the first to repudiate a wish for office, the foremost to deride the poribility of their making port of an aristocratic cabinet. But, in despite of what they may think or my, we do maintain that it is a disgrace to England and a con tempt of its popular justice and discernment, to are that men, who achieved the greatest of social and economiesl ameliorations, should be sedulously thrust and spurned from the threshold of power, which the possession of an aristocratic name daily en &idea even the political tyro to overleap. A philo rophic statesman like Lord Jolts IitSSELL, who can overlook the dull routine of official life and public service, must see that there is something fundamen tally wrong in the working of a political system that perpetrates such ingratitude, and that in the middle of the nineteenth century persists in confiscating popular eminence and talent, for the exclusive illus trstion and enrichment of lordlings. THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 24, 1851. FRANCE. GEIL PARIS, SATURDAY EVINISIO. .. The event of the day is an alarming runvior that a sort of 15th May was contemplated by the popu lace, which is represented as greatly incensed by the hostility of the Assembly against the President. The Patric of yesterday evening gave warning of a design, fomented by enemies of the executive power, to organize to-day a demonstration against the Legislative Assembly. It appears that seditious agents have been at work in the batilterte e i tt e ns the population, by means of manifestoes ad " To the friends of the Elysee," exaggerating in in temperate _language the factious behaviour of the Assembly. This scheme has probably been set on foot with the aim of compromising the Elysee through the violence of a Bonapartist mob. The auk of Alais shows what dirty and desperate expedients can be resorted to with the view of detracting from the respect and popularity of the President. The government is prepared, meanwhile, to act with vigour in suppressing all disorderly movements of the kind. . _ . Th e Cebgne Gaut(, recehed this morning, con tains a telegraphic dispatch, saving that a plenary sitting was to take place yesterday. The same paper said yesterday that the breach was so wide between Austria and Prussia that even the Reserve were again to be called to arms. It says to-day this re port is positively denied. According to many of the German newspapers the reconciliation has been ef fected by the scheme of an alternate presidency. But nothing seems to be known distinctly except that there has been a difference of great importance be tween Austria and Prussia, and that that difference seems to be now removed or removing. Our eorrespondcut writes as follows: BERLIN, Fen. 21. The crisis in Dresden ha. alarmed the timid and igno rant in Berlin. The exchange has been dull ; frightful rumours of fresh mobilisation and immediate row have per vades' the town, and nut a few persons for some time really frightened themselves into the belief that a war be tween Austria and Prussia was again imminent. The stoppage of the sale of the cavalry horses by an order from the minister of war gave some Inun dation to the absurd idea. The two powers have nothing to fight about. The concessions which, through the weak ness of the King, the stupidity of his ministers and the treachery of certain parties about the court, have minister, made to Austria naturally bring with them othera, and it is solely the momentary hesitation of the hand which guide.. the Prussian state machine, to agree to what is the logical and necessary consequence of his former policy, that has produced what appears to be a stoppage. The visit of Manteuffel to Berlin, has, I understand, resulted in an antagonistic attitude to Austria; but no one being endowed with common sense and the slightest acquaintance with the circumstances can believe that it will be persisted in. It appears that Schwarzenberg demanded the immediate installation of the executive authority of the confedenition, with or without the smaller states ; that the presidency should he given to Austria alone. To this categorical demand a written answer was given yesterday. In this answer, which is said be the Arne Prcussuche to have very considerably astonished the Austrian, the Prussian government demands that before the central power be in stalled a general discussion shall take place on the revision of the federal constitution, and reserves to itself its final de cision on the manner in which the central power shall he installed. The papers contain a great many different stories concerning this new difference ; but there is not one word of truth in them all beyond what I have stated abuse. The plenary sitting has not yet been held. The governments of Hanover and Wirtemberg are said to have reproached Prince Schwarat nberg for the policy he is pursuing on the German question. fhe Deutsche Belem this evening praises the firmness of the government 111 the same paragraph, in which it de clares that there is not the most d istant foundation liar entertaining apprehensions of war. If Prussia remain firm she will not be threatened into The new press law was discussed in the first chamber yesterday and to-day. The debate has nut (teen without interest, though the opposition to the measure has proved fruitless. This new law contains the essence of all the oppressive machinery which has ever been employed against the liberty of the press, with the exception of the censorship ; I have heard it compared to the ancient torture chamber, in which every instrument of torture was to be found. The majority in the chamber, however, are admirers of uld feudal harharitits, and have given theirsanetion to the first step to the enactment of the law. The general debate was brought to an end. The discussion of the provisions of the law was resumed this morning. Paragraph 1, which regains that the consent of the district government shall be obtained by every printer, lithographer, book or picture seller, antiquary, circulating librarian, &e., and which auks that it shall only be given to those who can prove their good character and trustworthinesa, was met by several libend amendments, all of which were lost. The same fate betel other amendments to paragraphs 2-5, beyond which the chamber did not proceed. The debate was adjourned until to-morrow. In the Second Chamber several petitions from the pro vince of Silesia respecting agricultural banks were dis cussed. The plot announced in the Patric was the subject of conversation in the chamber, but the majority of persons were disposed to regard the rumour as a hoax. There were more persons than usual about the Elysee; and the I'lacc de la Concorde was dotted by groups of police; but there was no crowd either there or before the chamber. The troops were con fined to barracks, and all precautions taken for the preservation of order. The fact is, that the Assembly takes such wonderfully wary precautions against all surprise, that a second lath May could not, under the present arrangements, possibly occur, One of the questors is a general, M. kilo, and not a day occurs that he does not visit all the posts, using as much sharp inspection as if the chamber had been saved providentially only a week ago from a gun powder plot. The partizans of the Assembly main tained to-day that the announcement in the Patric was a malicious invention of the Bonapartists, to put mischief into the heads of the mob, and shake the nerves of the representatives with vain alarms. The Assembly, in its sitting of to-day, finished the Mortgage Bill, and decided on passing to a third de liberation. Notwithstanding this decision the hill is regarded as doomed to be thrown out in the division on the ensemble. The third deliberation on the bill on contracts of apprenticeship was then taken in' hand; but the debate presented no feature of in terest. The Apprentice 11111 was definitively passed. There will be no sitting on Monday, which is the anniversary of the revolution. I have already mentioned the leave of absence ob tained by M. Carlier for 21) days, M. Clement ltevrc, the Secretary-General of the Prefecture of Police, who replaces * M. Carlier during his absence. is a personage ag,nitist whom the coalition has dis covered matter of suspicion, as he is given out to be the author of a pamphlet recently published, and at tributed to M. de l'ersigny, entitled, " Qu'est-ce quc Ic retour s l'Empire?" The committee of initiative has recommended the adoption of the proposition of M. Baze for prohibiting, all journals of whatsoever shade of polities from street sale. This, if adopfixl, may be indicated as a measure calculated to increase the irritation of the public against the legislature. • • -• • . - A slight reaction upwards was visible in the funds to-day. The Fives closed at 96.50, with a rise of 15e. upon yesterday. The revival of disputes between the governments of England and the United States on the seizure of men of colour belonging to British vessels, may perhaps make it worth while to recall an incident in the Legislative Assembly on the same subject. On the 28th November last M. Sehodcher, representa tive of Guadaloupe, addressed an interpellation to the government on the instructions given by the Minister of Marine to captains of vessels, to abstain from en rolling men of colour among their crews foe this reason. On that occasion the answer of General Lahitte was rigorous and to the point. lie said, in reference to the negotiations which had been under taken with the American government on this mat ter : " The position of the French Republic has been changed by the abolition of slavery, and permittisl us to speak with greater right. We have takcn,in regard to the United States, all possible steps in order to surmount laws which M. San - etcher has styled, with reason,barbarous. Neither France nor England have been able to persuade the govermacut of the United States to enter into the ways of civilisation and hu manity, which we will persevere to march in, and to endeavour to make the United States enter." the King of Wurtemberg has decreed that his army shall ceav• to wear the German euluurs. ITALY. SARDLXIA. The Piedninutese Gaulle of the 18th announces officially that the resignation of Count Siccardi has been accepted, and that he has beau named First President of the Court of Appeal. PORTUGAL The Oriental Company's steam packet, Euxine, Capt. John Bowen, arrived at South ampton last evening, and Landed her mails under the charge or 1.11(11t. James Inglis, R.N., Admiralty agent. Her dates are: Gibraltar, 6 p.m., Litli; Cadiz, 11 n.m., 16th; Lisbon, 8 a.m.. 19th; Oporto. 5 a.m., 20th; Vigo, 3 p.m., 20th. There was no political news. EGYPT.—.I. letter from Trieste of Feb. 16 says: "The Lloyd boat which arrived here this morning from Syra, brings news that the differences between the Porte and the Viceroy of Egnd arc composed. The Smyrna, Constantinople, and Greek papers make no mention: of any difference at all." After this speech, which was accepted by the Assembly as a pledge to pursue, in union with Eng- , land, a vigorous policy, in order to persuade the United States to abolish such a scandalous and offensive pretension, the pure and simple order of the day was voted. M. Arago, the celebrated astronomer, is danger ously ill. St'NTAT Evrstxn. The National Assembly seems highly dissatisfied with having been spared. yesterday, by the timely precautions of the executive power, from the dis agreeable alternative of using its armed force against a mob. When General Baraguav d'Hilliers had the civility to send one of his aides-dc-camp to General Lefto, to place at his disposal any guard he was pleased to demand for the defence of the legislative palace, that military ques.tor replied that, so far from any reinforcement being necessary, four men and a corporal were quite enough to disperse the heap of rascals with whose approach the AbSCM lily was menaced. So changed is the tone of the Assembly since the 15th of May. Nevertheless ' the commander of the army of Paris thought the affair serious enough to consign the troops to bar racks, and to keep some battalions of gendarmes mobiles posted in the square of Marigny, in the Champs Elysees, where they remained till the close of the sitting. In the Salle des Conferences the coalition treated the affair generally. with contemptuous incre dulity ; others vented their dissatisfaction in solemn wrath against the power which put them on their guard and watched for their defence.exclaiming that they were the victims of an unworthy mystification, or that it was a trick of the Elysee to stir up the mob against them. They would interpellate ministers on the subject. Never theless, it appears that there really did exist considerable perturbation in the hirstieue,and that se veral thousands assembled at Renville, a suburb be yond the Faubourg du Temple. in order to march with a petition to the Assembly on the subject of the President's dotation. The whole agitation, according to the Assembly's organs. has been got up by M. Belmontel, a noted ultra-Bonapartist, who got up the petition is question, and had it distributed at the taverns of the suburbs. Meanwhile everybody is puzzled by the coincidence of M. Carlier's retreat upon Sens, to avail himself of a short holiday, with this menaced rupture of the public peace. Did the prefect shirk responsibility or make light of the affair ? However this maybe he has been sent after to Sem, where the jaded man thought himself calmly havened for a season out of harassing police duties, and will, it is thought, be soundly rafts' by the Pre sident for abandoning his post so unseasonably. Resides, is not Paris on the eve of the 24th February. when, under the excitement of celebrating the anni versary of the birth of the republic, and attending solemn services in memory of the death of heroes of the barricades, the dregs of socialism may be tempted to throw off the restraint of public order, and flash out into wild riot. An immense concourse is expected in the square of Notre Dame, where a funeral mass will be celebrated for the repose of the souls of those fell. A banquet is to be given by the Mountain. At first the government seemed disposed to prohibit this convivial demonstration of socudiam, but has since given leave, on condition of the guests being exclusively representatives. About 120 members of the Left arc to be present. The Club of the Rue des Pyramides were to have held a meeting on Friday night. to come to some understanding on the motion of M. Creton, but ad journed, in consequence of numerous absences, the discussion of that question Tuesday. Yesterday the Assembly adopted definitively a law of importance on contracts of apprenticeship. The amendments of the Mountain were systematically rejected. Apprentices under 14 years are not to work more than 10 hours a day, nor under 16 years more than 12 hours. Those under 16 years are ' allowed to devote not more than two hours of the day of work to acquiring the rudiments of know ledge. An amendment of the Mountain, leaving this chance of instruction open to apprentices of all ages, was rejected. We should add to this resum4 of rumours and events, that the "fuming Herald formally denies that Lord STASLEY has declined altogether to form a ministry. Whilst the Tunes, in supporting coalition cabinet, rather attacks L ord; JOLN Russr.u, and points to • cabinet with the Peelites, Lord , CLMLNDON, and the ORE*. MR. GLYN 'S half-yearly expositions of the affairs and prospects of the Condon and North Western Company have attached to them some of the im portance of Chancellors of the Exchequer's budgets; they may not, like theirs, directly affect all our pockets; - but they teach us the results of the best railway management, create a standard, or test, whereby to estimate other similar concerns, indicate the progress of railway experience, and exhibit (what budgets do not always) a public man in one of the most enviable of all positions—worthily enjoy ing the respect and confidence of constituents compe tent to appreciate unostentatious ability and sterling hammy, rewarded by practical success. Though matters of detail only, the points discussed at the North Western meeting on Iriday were full at general importance. First, there was the question of closing the capital account. This Mr. GRAHAM Hrremsos, who is said to he one of the largest rail way proprietors in the kingdom, urges is of the most pressing of railway necessities. No doubt it is a prudent step; for without a final closing of capital amounts, the exact value of the property in which shareholders are interested cannot be ascertained and fixed; and • fluctuation in its amount must, of course, tend, however slightly, to render unsettled and unstable its money worth in the market. Ilut Mr. Ilticfllsox perhaps exaggerates the evil of this uncertainty a little ; by overlooking that the margin of capital to be raised is always fixed, and that no additional powers to raise money, even if obtained by the directors, can be exercised except with the ap proval of the proprietary. Under the _pretence, too, of closing the capital account, Mr. lierewlsoN, in the very able circular he has so largely circulated, seems to aim at something more than the mere settle ment of that question. Through it he seeks to reduce the very large powers exercised by directors, and to determine ut once, summarily and for ever, the un settled problem of what is chargeable to capital and what to revenue: matters far too important, and in volving too many varied considerations, to be wired in so simple and so off hand a style as kr. Herent- SON proposes. Still, though Mr. HUTCHISON may be a little too precipitate in his demand, and though he may con nect with its success consequences that hardly belong to it legitimately, the importance of closing capital l, accounts is very great. At present there is not a railway in the kingdom that can say what its capital precisely is; and the consequence of the ability of the directors to spend a little more capital here and to lay out a little more there is, that, to all appeal-- anew, the expenditure of capital will never stop. The temptation of always having a margin to spend seems to be unseistible. First, this little point must be gained; then that small branch must be made ; now a spur must he thrown out there, then another short line is to be leased, for which rolling stock is wanted. And thus possession of extra capital at one time , leads to the necessity of getting fresh powers to raise more; the schemes mad designs and plans of all great lines become interminable, and the real value of their property unde finable. Besides, there is the opportunity for fraud, for "cooking accounts," for "making things pleasant," that an open capital affords. Every consideration. then, of prudence, of good management, and of honesty, urges the closing of the account ; but then tfie closing must be a serious and permanent one ; it would, as Mr. GLYN said, be worse than useless it would be deception, for directors to close it one half-year and to open it the nest. The preliminary is to conclude the works and selosms of the company, and to properly stock it; that done and well risme, there ought to be no serious difficulty to closing the capital account ; though even then it does not follow, as Mr. Buis lIISON contends, it will never be reopened, for, by way of example, Feat additions to the stuck required by un enormous increase of traffic. And what an argument the North Western ac counts contain against further extensions, new schemes, and additional leases. In the lust half-year 41 miles have been added to the previous mileage but, though the increase in receipts from merchandise has been upwards of Si per cent. On the gross re ceipts of the corresponding half-year in 1849-50, the increase in passengers has only been to per cent.; figures which lead, if not to the inference, at least to the suspicion, that felon the additional mileage nut even the working expenses have been obtained, and that in increasing their mileage the proprietary have been " gaining a loss." But another and a far stronger argument was the stutemeut we emphatically made by Mr. GLYN, as to the sources from which the real income and profits of the North Western were derived. It is not from through traffic or from the gnat termini, says Mr. GLYN, that we derive' our main revenue or our per manent prosperity. "We raise the large amount which you see quoted in the returns every week from the development of traffic at ltia stations on our own line's" Liverpool with America at its back and Ire land opposite, only yields, by ordivary trains, 1,4701. out of the 38,0001. a week that appears in those re turns. _ And, in corroboration of Mr. Gtrs's experi- ence of the superior value of short as compared with through traffic, we may state, which has we under stand been authoritatively ascertained, that the total annual proceeds of the through passenger traffic from all Scotland by both the eastern and western lines does not reach 40,0(0/. a-year; and for mer chandise to and from Scotland, railways cannot of course compete with shipping. This statement of Mr. GLYst's is, perhaps, the severest censure that could be uttered against that mad extension and competition system which has characterised the policy of our older railway com panies, and which does not appear, from the in creasing rivalry of the Great Western, to be yet over. But when, by means of the Chester lines, the Great Western shall have reached Birkenhead, what, it may be asked, will it get there ? If Mr. OLT) be correct. nothing worth having. While, if be he mistaken in his calculations, all the profit will be secured by a competition which is adverse to the railway system and to the general interests. That the public will ever be permanently benefited by railway competition is very improbable. The mass of capital invested in railways is too large and too variously held; the working expenses are too high, and *the divisible profits, under any circum stance'', are too limited for competition to prevail long in railway traffic. And when competition once begun has been withdrawn, the public will subse quently have to pay by increased charges for the loss it involved. By the very nature of their existence, as it were, railways must be monopolies within their respective. spheres of action, but it does not follow that they must be injurious or costly monopolies; and the best way to prevent their becc;ming such is, not to egg them into hot rivalry, but to encourage each to view itself as a connecting link in the great net work that now covers the face of the coun try. each developing traffic in its own district for itself, but each working with others fur the benefit of all. Such, says Mr. GLYN, is the policy of the North Western ; and such, we are persuaded, ought to be the common policy of railroads in this country. In other respects, the North Western meeting was important. It exhibited the sustained resistance ' of the proprietary to that government system of audit once so popular with some of our contemporaries, and for his opposition to which Mr. GLYN brought down on himself so much vituperation ; and it showed how competent shareholders are, when directors allow them the means, to devise a sys tem to protect themselves in the audit of their own concerns. Thus was the half-yearly meeting en gaged in all the niceties and difficulties of legislation on this most delicate question ; solving that skilfully and successfully which has defied the ingenuity . of Presidents of Board of Trade; and by their solution of the audit question for the North-Western, in reality settling it for all other companies. It would be a very narrow view to suppose that railways alone are benefited by the business capa cities thus developed at these meetings ; by them the capacity of the country to rule and goyap itself is being improved and enlarged. A New PEER.—The Right Hon. Sir John Cam Ilobhouse, But., is created a peer, by the title of Baron Broughton da Oylford, in the county of Wilts.—Mutter. CANADA. From the Canadian papers (those from Montreal are to Feb. 8) it would seem that nothing of im portance occupied the public mind, further than the question of the removal of the scat of government, against which addresses were being got up. Parlia ment had been further prorogued to the 12th March, but not then to meet for the despatch of business. BY TELEGRAPH TO HALIFAX. Intelligence from New York, two days later, was put on board the Canada during her call at Halifax. The chief item is an arrival from Mexico, whence dates of the 16th of January arc received, with Pre sident General Arista's inauguration. Zanes, Minis ter of Relations ; Robles, War and Marine ; Pay-no, Treasury ; and Agnierc, Justice. The 'Slew York Senate on the 12th was occupied discussing the bill for creating the rank of lieutenant general, which met with approval, especially from Mr. Clay, who expressed his anxiety that the rank of field-marshal should be created fur such men as General Scott. Cotton market dull, with a downward tendency. The New Orleans market comes dull by telegraph. Flour dull, at a fraction lower than circular rates. Sales of Genessee white wheat at 1 dol. 18 c. No alteration in Indian corn. Stock market active, with general improvement in prices. Exchange, 10 per cent. COMM ERC lAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, Fan. 11. XIONEY MARKET. The committee appointed by the meeting of the creditors of Tease, have obtained the opinion of Remaly Johnson, Esq., to the : fallowing effect: that the proviso referred to in the act inc acted all the lames evidenced by Team notes, consolidated f ad, or sterling bands, sad made under the acts of Texas nt the 19th November, 183 i; ' elk Jane, 1837 ; 6th June, 1837; 16th May, 1838 ; 22nd January, ' 11139; 19th July, 1839; and I Ith J anuar y, 1840; and also the 14 per cent. stock, and the B per cent. bath, Oren pada let of 7th Febroary. 1440, amounting la aggregate to 4.390,308 dole., ezoluaive of Interest shies accrued. There appear, to Is, some otoeurity in the wording of the law, sad the whole matter may probably have to be referred to Cooper fox adjustment. The total amount of United Stator 8 took trued to foreigner, at the ry Department, Wallington. durin the week Smea l. was 41,150 dole.. of the loans of 1818. '47 g and '43. ending Maury The annexed statement shows the total import of dry goods at this part foe Jantuuy, according to the Journal of Cowmen% It shows a large increase over the correeponding period of /previous Team whkh 4 doubterss occaMorred, In part, by the large freight. of valuable gond' brought by our Atlantic steamers, which bare glom ea our spring importations at an earlier date. AMERICA. The Canada, Captain Harrison, arrived at Liver pool yesterday evening, from Boston and Halifax. She sailed from Boston on the 12th inst., and made the usual call at Halifax on the 14th, to land and re ceive mails and passengers. She brings 97 passen gers. Up to the hour of her sailing no tidings had reached America of the accident to the steam-ship Atlantic. By this arrival we have New York journals of three days' later date (Feb. 11) than those brought by the Franklin to Southampton, and one week's later than the Arctic brought to Liverpool, while by telegraph to Halifax we have two days' later intelligence than that contained in the journals. The Canada brings 17,0001. in specie. The hill to settle land claims in California has passed the Senate. The credentials of Mr. Rantoul, the newly-elected senator from Massachusetts (elected for the remainder of the present session, and not yet arrived at the capital), have been presented by Slr. Winthrop, who offered to vacate his scat. This called forth a good deal of discussion, and the question was ' not decided at our last aceounts.—A petition to Con gress from the American Peace Society has been referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations, who reported a resolution that it would be desirable for the govern ment of the United States to secure a provision in its treaties with other nations, for referring all future difficulties to the decision of umpires before the com mencement of hostilities. The New York Tribune says that Sir Henry Bul wer, it is probable, will shortly resign and return to England, on account of his infirm health. Governor Quitman, of Mississippi has resigned his office, and arrived at New Orleans under arrest, with a view to his trial for participation in the Lopez expedition against Cuha. 7enn3' Lind had arrived at New Orleans. --...., Havannah dates of the 3r4 inst. contain no news. There are dates from Oregon to the middle of December. The message of Governor Gaines to the Territorial Legislature, maintains the importance of a liberal policy on the part of the general govern ment in the donation of lands to actual settlers. He also recommends a liberal system of education, and asks for the passage of a law for protection against the Indian tribes. The territory is represented in general as being in a highly prosperous condition. Ad% ices from Santa Fe are to Jan. 10. The whole of the American Boundary Commission had arrived at the Pass, with the exception of the ox train bear ing the supplies. The Mexican Commissioner, Gen. Conde, had also arrived. The military escort to the American commission, under the command of Col. Craig : was encamped opposite El Paso, expecting to start in a short time for the copper mine region of the Rio Gila. An affray took place between two servants of the commission on the Bth of December, in which one of them lost his life, having received two shots from his antagonist's revolver. Several (conferences took place between the American and Mexican commisioners before they could agree on the starting-point for the boundary, the existing maps being as inconsistent with the terms of the treaty of Gaudalupe Hi dalgo, as they are with the topography of the country itself. An exploring party was to be sent over the eastern section of the probable line, in order to facilitate the final operations. Great interest was felt at Santa Fe in the appointment of governor of the territory. The choice of Col. Calhoun, who has had much Indian experience, and possesses a thorough knowledge of the wants and character of the people, will probably give universal satisfaction. The Indians, especially the Apaches, were quiet, although the engagements of the treaty have been broken by the Serapes, who stole several thousand sheep from the settlements on the river. The people of New Mexico have no faith in the present system of con ciliating the Indians by means of douceurs. They believe it must be abandoned before the country can have peace. The appearance of the census-takers oc casioned great alann among the Pueblos. They feared that they were the agents of the United States government for the seizure of their property. The question of admitting the Pueblos to equal rights of citizenship with the great body of the New Mexicans will probably call forth a heated controversy in the territorial legislature. It is thought by many that they might be made efficient protectors of the terri tory from the incursions of the savages. We have news from Nicaragua to the 13th Jan. The state election has taken place, and Don Jose Sacasa has been chosen Director of Nicaragua, the term of the present incumbent. Norberto Ramirez, expiring on Mar 1. The National Convention of Delegates front the three states of Nicaragua, Hon duras, and San Salvador, met at Chinandega on Ike. 21. We have an explanation of the difficulties between San Salvador and Guatemala. The state ment of war between Honduras and San Salvador on the one side, and Guatemala on the other, proves to be incorrect. The difficulties existed in Guatemala alone, growing out of the refusal of the inhabitants of the mountain provinces to concur in the policy adopted by the central government at the instance of Mr. Frederick Clunfield. A part of the population declared against the central government, and in favour of a kderal union of the states. It was to put down this opposition that the fight at Chiquimula took place, which issued in the defeat of the govern ment troops under Carrera. San Salvador and Hon duras merely stationed a levy of troops on the fron tiers to defend their own territories in case of need. The country has been visited by a plague, in the shape of locusts or grasshoppers, which threatens the almost total destruction of the crops. The danger from this source has been so great that the govern ment has published directions for destroying them, and issued instructions to the authorities to carry them into effect. But fearing that no remedy will be effective, the government lute taken the further precaution to issue a decree, which bears date the _lath of Dmember last, removing all duties on flour, wheat, corn, TV% barley, and all other grains; and the director of the state, in a private letter to a gen tleman at New York recommends the introduction of these articles, in moderate quantities, from the United States. It should, however, be observed that Indian corn is the grain most used, and most likely to find a market there. Mr. Chatfield has been making himselfconspicuous again, in a diplomatic correspondence he has been carrying on with the Nicarnguan government. He complains that the overtures which have been made on his part, to determine the boundary between the " dominions of the King of Mosquito" and those of the republic of Nicaragua "have been systematically re jected." That matter, he says, should no longer re main unsettled ; and, moreover, affecting to speak as if " by authority," he says : " It has been determined that the frontiers of the King of Mosquito, on the side of Nicaragua, and of Nicaragua on the side of Mosquito, shall be such as they were on the 15th September, 1821, when Nicaragua, ns a part of the ancient kingdom of Guatemala. declared its indepen dence of the Spanish monarchy." Further on, in the same despatch, Mr. Chatfield incidentally em ploys an allusion to the Clayton treaty, thus : "The undersigned trusts that the government of Nicaragua will see the policy of coming to a friendly understanding with the Mosquito King: for it is obvious that no canal, or any other mode of transit across the isthmus, can well be established before the difficulty raised by Nicaragua upon this point is put an end to.--1 am, Eve., F. CHATFIELD." News from Valparaiso is to January '2. A de structive tire has taken place in that city, consuming houses and other property to the amount of 250,000 dols. The principatsufferers are among shop-owners, mechanics, nnd small tradespeople. The whole number of persons who have been burned out, in cluding families, tradesmen and mechanics, amount to 34. Some French sailors, belonging to the brig of-war Entreprenant, which sent an engine to the aid of the inhabitants. sustained considerable injury in the attempt to cheek the progress of the fire. The British store-ship Nemo& and the ship-of-the-line Asia, also rendered effectual service, by sending en gines, and a number of their crew to man them. The extra session of Congress met on the 19th Decem ber. Jose J. Perez was chosen President of the House of Ikputies. The subjects to which legislative attention is invited by the President were: the established taxes, standing army, appropriations for the current year, accounts of 1818 and 1849, custom-house reforms, and coinage, the right to bring forward any other urgent measure being reserved. Henry Herz. the celebrated pianist, had concluded his engagement in the capital and arrived at Val paraiso. We have dates from Venezuela to the 15th Jan. At that time quiet prevailed throughout the country. Congress was to meet on the 25th. Should a quorum be found at that time the President will rt main in office until after a new election. If not, it was feared that the executive power would be seized by Gwzman, vire-president of the republic, who was one of the unsuccessful candidates in the Eltetoral Col leges. "Although" says a New York paper, " he received a much smaller number of votes titan Monagas, he will use every means, without scruple, to obtain possession of the office. Ibis pretensions are backed up by the English charge d'affaires, who would find in his election a powerful support to the claims of England on the continent." The presidential election in Peru had nndoubtedly resulted in the choice of Gen. Fehenique, by a pretty fair majority over all others. The robberies with which the interior of Peru has been infested, have in a great measure ceased. The government are about to send a naval officer to Europe, to superintend the l i building of a fifty-gun frigate. Funeral honours have been celebrated in every city of the republic in commemoration of Gen. San Martin, the hero of South American independence. Late advices from Chili mention that the govern ment had exempted British ships and goods from the discriminating duties recently decreed. Bolivia is perfectly tranquil. The health of Gen. Beizu is entirely restored, and nothing now is heard of the execution of conspirators. Public opinion in certain quarters insists on the demand of Ballivian and Linares from the Argentine republic. The accounts of the mining operations in Copiapo arc highly favourable. Iflob •r 10..7 . 101 M t• JANUA•T. Hutima44. yank. TeR4J. 1431 Dols. 13.754761 937,630 2,443.41 17,332A8 1834 11 416 4.6 437,:79 431,101 12,317 11411 T,tiZ,7l• 835,531 1.71. a."4l4:mi 11148 +i2 ' ,9'9/ A large peopnetton of the Intent, has been In seeds.—A! MA item, 1,478,239 dole. was from Cali/orate, and 3141,411 dots. from foreign ports. " " " • r lfie following Is to-d.; s Weirs. at the A..idant Treavnetes. °Mee: Received, 43,040 (A dole.; peld, 3,4 , 11 61 dots.; bowleg, 4,5111,273 25 dot.. . . _ • The receipts 01 mdd from California mince the departure of the Let fiverpol .tamer amount to 1,300,00* dale The total export. trims the gold regions. as ne ir as can be ascertained tram offload a mem, amoutts to an,bral,O , a dol.. It it est imatml that 12,005,00 I dill.. b 3 ,6 been forwarded by gameutters, and, allowong a il dole. for Mr culatinn, wilt give 40,000,000 gds. es the product of toe mine.. The last accounts tram San Francisco, however, were not so (*reus a ble for our merchants 00 WWI Sakipated. Goods of every descroption are low there, and, with the bigh charges for storage, cominusion, but little, if any, profit can he ezpecied. The stuck market has on. dergone coasidernhls fluctuate. during the pad week. (Mem nmcat ' recut ides have been rather dull, owing to the fact that tbebizb rats. here induced a few foreign holders to rend their stick to this market. , the organisation of a number of new hots is now c.u4ng taste de. mood, not linty for governmect, but for Sew To k state loans, fildepo. ohs snit the comptrol ler. to secure their circulating notes; and it:o co improbable that the Immixture sill lama how allowing Vie et the of the principal cities tribe received in order to f teilltuM tae orgeni..tiou of the variou. bank. now forming. The non-divide:A paying stocks have Moot I rtf tit:deadly of late, eal rime loamy Mau-tat - la, Our milrouta are dojos all excellent basin...' far 1 - 11, sea-au ; and the an. nusi reports MR& My the pi incipal roads guit be eztr. early gratify ing to the otnetholdere Yotcign ezehang, are rather lower. although there ha. been on increareldenund m consequetwe of there being no, laverpoel steamer advertised to leave this port next week. The bulk Mille transacticias haw bean at the following rata,: Loadon. lull/ to 110 ; Paris, 5.111 to 11.14 ; ainderilam, 411 to 411; Ham burg, 3f4 to A4i ; firemen, 74 to 74. We are glad to notice sign.. of more ease in the money market. Under the faeumble Influence pro dued by the arrival of gold Irma California there was a much baiter supply of money MK Hag. - . irtrots.—(Fcorn frill;att and Brother's Circular, per Cana/13)— ,4 w York, wawa,. erelong, Feb. 10, IFSI —Our market chord by Arctic, 4th Inst., in a depress r, and nu-ruled condition consequent on receipt of the Conada'o ethics,. On the bth vet y tee sales were efircted: on the 6th abut 1,000 biks wen• tuned at luly yc. reduo. tion, chiefly Uplanda, at 111 c. for mithilinc, I.lc. for m. fair, and laic. for fair; on the 7th a better fed ng nri railed nod soles to the extent of /,( 1 011 hales were effected at le. rt ac. improremeit. On enturday, Bth, 1,100 hales. Today there has bat.. but litth doing, • the tales reported on 'Change being. mile :S0 bales. By teletwaph from Mobile, of Ith, we hare rot ired the ("Vowing dispatch "Mid. riling 1t c., freight in Brdish r. o•els nine-sixteenths.' Yonn irtew Orleans of sate date '•mhliiing I 1.,c., freight 9.lfid ISritlalt ; American ask mere. 't At Charlenth, on Ith, on receipt of Canada . * advice% the market deelin• d pl., on :eh, advanced J. and nth, Jc. , clowng at 73e, for strkt lair • and the effeet in .avanttah was similar. Ihe market closes here with a limited inquiry, and a lair quantity offering at the following quotatiuns clAwrlt'Artorr. yrw Occw ... -.......— AtLantle Cotton. told mobile. Gull Ott na, Inferior - ... 121 to - .., I: to - Ordinsry togoodord - t 3 to 12, ... 12t to 13 ... 1. / t • 13i Middling to good mid. 13 to 13 1 ... 131 to 131 ... 1 • to 131 Mideldng fair to fair l3 to 134 ... li t to 11/ ... I, i to - Fully I Fully fair to good fair 13 to - ... 13 to 134 .- cone Come-Excess end receipts, 31.3iie lutes. The cave., u phown in the comporative receipts. motes only that planters hare been aotittied with, and anxious to secure the rates cur. rent since the opening ot the season, and it is well known on this sale that the facilities; for gettm • cottoa • to market are yearly increasing, by the extension of roiiroads into the interior. As so muck capital, however, Is sought to be made by the long crop estimated out nt the receipts at the porta, it may bo !oleo-Ong to look at them and see in what degree they have been ittluene. d in pug years hy the cause we soden tor titian, Panicle high or low pmts. We beievo that our estimate adduced, 2,e73 to 3,131.0 0 will rove a lull one, and' in tn Wing It we we, •• gull d by tier character of the ',won, and its booth. b tb well known and indisputable, and do not now change that opinion bewtoe the receipta arc free at the porta, for, that the, would be,we antiripoted in our conviction o! Its correet. nee., supported or it is by a I the testimony we have Awe e'rained tarn the mirror, relative to the manna 0, the picking, sod confirmed by the inf. tier • uality of the cotton now turtling at bath the gull and Atlantic par ts. baksz, ;lours.-From Edward BUN Circular, per ear amer Canada. New York, Fe'. 10. • tow 'induce ni that tottlinoca in the same dull stste as at the sailing of the steamer Asia. The principal port of the export orders to flour are limited a' I_i° to 12e. per • hi. below our present ratty, awl conaequently nano q uftexreuted. In the abwoce of au export 41. num!, the tkilte ate on a 1,1. all scalp awi confined to the w.f.; of the city (rude sal order., taking generally the 113441i11A1l aims better grad. a, and leaving tile condo- n brands much depressed. The stock :a gradually reducing, and the arrival* from the south and by railroad are light, but us a garden of the Meek le bekl by &Mere out of the regular trade who tain.inue to 'bow aw anxiety to realer!, the market Voir. hi favour of buyixii. Fags New thieve far the peas la the arrival• have been odali nor, validating generally of the letter koids of Ohio iminds. Exports mini this met to Great Britain and Inlaid for ate f n (night intim: on the sub Wets have teen 5,730 bldg. Moor, 11,057 bushels wheat, and 11,154 bushels Italian corn to Liverpool. Lour. —As time ui usly a moderate Wainer, doing le borrte oi m m poe are without much change; the quotations ill 4% (441T1/ common brand. are nightly retiree... In l'irminimdare an 00 operat of moment; the artier is held at 4 doh. slim to 4 dots. s 7 !A in lama; common and itrai . ..;l4l bridals id State may be quoted at 4 dots 693. to 4 do.o. Nile. Might Michigan ,gad (Ih, 4 :.le. pure hennessee, S dole. to S do:r. 41e.; No. 2, aupergne, 4 dole. 3:4e. tot dole. :Am ; w .r, 44101.4. to 4 dole .25e. Italtimor- , Georgetown, Alexandria, and Pernaiurg brands are la lir demand, at 4 doh. 91e. to 5 dale. tie. bye Flour sells st dole. 871 e. thin meal, 3 das. 03. to 3 VA. dm. for Jersey and Brandywine. Gruen.—Wheat is firmly held, at 115 e. to 121le. for Gennt.ifV; 105 M to 10.7 c. fur red end muted Oldu ; kill. to 10'Jc. fur Cauatti in hoed. with but iew 4g,t.44CLi1414 Stye is stet cc, at inn. to in e. Bar:ey relit •at lune to dote. theta, Plc. to 31a for meal. Indian corn is an light supply at the moment, and in good demand for •,i,tiuern' use, at ale. hi 67 ie. for somhern yellow ; and hoe. for white. Jenny yellaa bangs Gele. to 07e. A44112.—Th0 demand le moderate, at 3 do's. fklle. for pots and pearls. LOUD.— 50 ton. Enelii.h en re sold during the peat week at h5O. yer Itiulba., and 50 tons of Spanish at 4 dos. Vie S -Pa orShantalt, to armee, were made at 4 d 1,41. 4/10. saiia of Galena bug h e , n made below 5 d 01.., an time., _ . 81.. L. .4—North county turpentine may be glinted at 2 du* C7te.; white roan, 2 dole. Ste. t .3 dole 72e. ; eimmon north rowdy, I did. 2Se.; t 1 iluntrtoo, I slot 4.e. to I dol. Itc.; eptratil dM turnontine 36 c. to tic-, cull and Unit. • . . ma;ket has Limn out! of late. yet holders man- Min their Witt.. Ohio pork omy be gum, :1 at 12 dohs. 121 c. to 12 doh, 2k.. MK mw.; and 9 dole. Isle. to 0 .Fits. .5e., ; p i e p r i m , Ike! brings S dais to 6 dots.; for maw country, city and extra prime. 8 41 , 1...A.C. to dole. 50e. ; for mess, 7 dots. ti 7 dub, Vie.; for old city mew runt prime mess. in tierces, 15 dole. to IS dole. IS M f harm. 15 uols per turret Ohio font, b iu giss: demand. Smites.—lk mystic whiney 1. in fair request, but, in I,llx glance of the light receipts, the trannoetions are limited. State Prismi turrele sold yesucniny at 2:4, and Jersey at 211. Foreign spirits remain Atm, with s good demand tor the se mon of the year. Figwrt, to rurupe ore 11011. To Liverpool: Cotton, 5.32 d. to 3.164.; dour and meat fly to Pd. to r barrel; heavy goon, 12a. to 15s. To London Tobacco, 21s. 01. ti 2 is. per hint ; turpentine. ; Si) Sup.; measurement !taste, t 74. per ton; heavy good, 20s. to 305.; beef and pork,4l. to la. 6d. To Ilavre: c.atou, moan. bales, Me. nominal; nrv. , 5 dots, to rkl. dots, per ton ; inmouriunent goods, 10 Mils. ; whalebone, :i.nre, per lb. To tk. lihnoia, clippers an taking goods at mr.. to '1 Ice JONAS WOOD. The ship was fast sinking, the leaks were so many, When out spoke Lord Johnny, the boldest of uny, And sung out aloud to his terrified ervw, „ Now, who's to go overboard? Charley, will you ? " "Excuse me," quoth Charley, " I don't think l shonld, For my budget would siuk me, though I LI light Woolf." Duldrum Club. IRELAND Drams, Fsa. 22. The excitement on the Roman catholic episcopal question is becoming daily more intense, and has by this time penetrated into the remotest corners of tho countrv. It has been a subject of complaint at all the Itiiman catholic meetings that Ireland has been taken by surprise in this matter—that nobody ex pected this country would be included in the minis. terial measure, and that a most inadequate space of time was thus allowed to this country to pronounce any opinion on the subject. The appearance of the pastoral of Archbishop Murray in the columns of the Freeman's Journal yesterday, has been hailed as the most encouraging mark of approbation which these proceedings have yet obtained. At all the Roman catholic meetings of which I have seen reports, sec tarian discussion is carefully avoided, and tho speakers seem impressed with the importance of pre serving the good feelings that have recently sprung up between large masses of the protestant alla Roman catholic population. The Irish tenant league held a meeting yesterday, but not a word of the proceedings has transpired. In fact people can think of nothing at present but the " new penal law," and the tenant-right question for the moment is cast into the background. There is an exception to this in the north, where a series of tenant right soirees arc in progress. People are at a loss to know what they are to believe about Mr. Anstey's resignation. The Cbrk Examiner, writing after the receipt of the first sup posed contradiction, expresses great regret at "the mistake," and publishes another letter from Mr. Anstey, which, of course, must also be a forgery. If he do resign, I understand that Mr. Lucas, of the Tablet, intends :to contest the representation of Youghal on tenant-right principles, and that Mr. Butt, Q.C., is likely to offer himself on the consersa the interest. A protest from the Roman catholic members of the Irish bar was agreed to laq evening, and 1.0. mired nearly ninety signatures in a few hours this morning. Archbishop Nlcllale has addressed another epistle to Lord John Russell. He says Bat whether you persevere in your indictment or not against the catholic. of the United Kingdom—l should say against the millions, memben of the catholic church, over the world—there is one powerful section of your wonted parliamentary supporters by whom you must be abandoned. You will not calculate any longer that the Irish catholic members could be so degraded, and so lost to every feeling of men and Christians, as to support in authority the avowed persecutors of their religion, A requisition is in course of signature in Drogheda calling on Sir W. Somerville to resign his scat for that town. ADMIRALTY, FEB. 22.—PROMOTIO:f.—To be Act ing Boatswain : Stephen Slade. Al . POlNTMENTB.—Assistant Engineers : Joseph Kent to the Lelso; John Woodger, to the Blenheim; J. O. Oak shott, to the Alert. Clerks: William T. Comerford, to the Britannia; Chas. J. Cartwright to the Akrt ; and Charles P. Ficlon, to the Other 1.. I , % 4 *