The Express. — London, England, 1848-02-25 00:00:00

experienced from the operatiou of the law as it stood at pre sent. The law had not clearly defier d the line of exemption, poor persons were obliged to prove before two tribunals bed before they could establish their right to be exempt. Mr. the magistrate, of Liverpool, declared that he foundof the utmost difficulty in deciding who ought to be exempt, and who ought to pay rates. What he wished to effect, therefore, was, to draw a clear line of distinction between those two classes of perform. and for this purpose he of that, in tke rural die t s icts, houses under the valise of 51. should be exempt; that in towns, which had a po pulation of be [wren 10,000 and 50 000 inhabitants the exemption should extend . to house , of th e value of 81. ;, and in arge towns, lik rpoo e Livel, that it should extend to houses of the value of 101. He considered that his measure would be a most beneficial auxiliary to the sanitary bill of the noble lord. Sir 0. butt did not ob.:ect to the introduction of the saeseure, he by no means unocrtook to support the bill on its introduction. His objection to the principle of the measure remained unimpaired. Leave was then given to ring lit the bill. GAME LAWS. Mr. BRIGHT postponed his motion respecting the game laws till that day fortn LA ight. W OF ENTAIL. The LORD ADVOCATE moved for leave to bring in • bill to amend the law of entail in Scotland. He considered that the evils of the present system were such as to call for an effectual remedy. The remedy he proposed had been boeg maturing; he was fully disposed to respect direct rested interests, but h, thought it most desirable to remove the in conveniences now r suiting from the m re remote contingen- Citi which attended a ntails in Seethed. Ile wished to give Scotch entails the same protection, and in the lame wiry, that was given to entails in England. He proposed to alter the age at which the heir to an entail should be legally qualified to act from 21 to 25 years. The bill would giro yower to such heir to disentail an estate—which was equiva lent to what wos style 1 in England " suffering a reoavery " which should have been ent cited after it had passed into a law, upon his reaching the ago of 25 years. The bill would also have a retrospective action, for he proposed to insert a proclaims wheie'oy all entails already existing should be deemed as dating from the period of the parsing of the act, and the next socce snot to the estate born after the ac: should be entitled to etbsentail it on his attaining the ago of 23 )ors. In cas, a wk. re the consent of the next heir should be necessary for the possessor of an estate to dia. entail it, he propped to give such power to the next immediate so , disregarding the claims of ulterior or cora teral heirs. 'lice learned lord entered into same further de tails respecting ;the measure, which were imperfectly eons prehendeil in the reporters gallery, and concluded by moving fur lease to bring in a bill to amend the law A en. all in Szotland. Mr. C. BRUCE said that he should defer all. observations on the details of the bill until he had enjoyed an opportunity of examining it and of underetanding its details. In the meantime betrave his cordial assent to the principle on which it was based. Mr. B. COCHRANE concurred with the hon. member who spoke lost in his praise f the bill, but thought it was deficient in not possessing a retrosp-ctive power over entail.. Mr. SCOTT east, that in so far as the prospective operation of the bill woo ceneerued, it might do good in preventing the entailing of eroperty at present our .strieted, but he leered that its retrospective prolisious would tied very little favour with the lan , :ed propnetors of Scotland. Mr. F. MACKENZIE saw many features in the bill to whit objection might be taken. Ile trusted that the learned lord would reconsider it previous to moving the second reading. Mr. J. S. WORTLEY would sot commit himself to an opinion on C.e bill until he had become acquainted wilh its details. All he could say was. that as a protemional man, he should be glad to give the noble lord every assistance in his power in coercing it through the temee. One feature of the bill lie had heard descrined with great pleasure, namely, that which gave it a retrospective as well as a prospective action. Nothing could be more irjurioue to the. interests of the country than the present state of the law of entail in Scotland. Leave was then given to bring in the bill. SELECT COMMITTEE ON PASSENGERS BILL. Mr. LABOLICHERE moved the nomination of the select committee on the shove bill. Mr. WAKLEY asked whether it was intended to make the superin'endents of passenger vessels medical men, or to make the eme'oyment of the latter compulsory. Mr. LABOUCIIEILE said be had given tne subject his best consideration, but could not think of rendering the employme:t of surgeons compulsory, in opposition to the advice of the emigration commissioners. Besides, he feared that medical taco could not be got to fulfil the office of superintendent for the small remuneration of 201. and a free menage hack. Mr. S. O'BRIEN thought that tho best mode of preserv ing the health of passengers would he to give the captain of emigrant shipi a bonus for each passenger they landed at the port of debarkation free from disease. The commit., was then nominated Lahouchere, Mr. Carded', Mr. Vernon Smith, Mr. Gladstone, Mr, Staf ford, Mr. Herbert (Kerry), Mr. M. J. O'Counell, Mr. Clements, Viscount ?deigned, Col. Thompson, Me, Forster, Mr. T. T. Hodges, Earl of Shelburne, Mr. W. Braun, and Mr. Monsell. LEASING OF MINES (IRELAND.) Sir W. SOMERVILLE, in movie. for kayo to bring in the above bill, explained that ha object wt.* remove cer tain restrictions which were at present imposed ou the lessors of mines in Irelaud.—Leave given. SLAVE TRADE. Mr. HUTT moved for the nomination of tie following select committer on the slave trade : Mr. Ilutt, Mr. (Rod none, Mr. E. Stanley, Mr. Hume, E irl of Lincoln, Mr. Cobden, Lord H. Vane, Mr. Jack.on, Sir R. 11. Inglis. Cul. Thompson. Mr. E Denison, Lord Courtenay, Mr. Simeon, Mr. M. Milner, and Lord J. Hay. Capt. PECHELL hoped the nomination would be post pored. il^ regretted to see that no member of the govern ment was named. Mr. HINDLEY asked why the name of the hon. baronet, the member for South Essex, was not included in the com mittee ? Mr. HUTT explained that the bon baronet was engaged on the West I , ilia committee, which en four time; a week. For the noble Secretary for Foreign Affairs, whose avoca tions wined prevent his attendance, he had substituted the name of the hon. member for Cheshire. Lord PALMERSTON was of opirdoa that the Est was as fair a one as could hstre been made. The committee was appointed. PAPERS TO BE PRINTED. On the motion of Mr. SCHOLEFIELO, it wee ordered that the petition of the electors of NV alsall be printed with the votes. On the motion of Mr. Gnoossr, it was order,l that the copy of the judgment pronounced by the Court of Exche quer Chamber, Ireland, in the case of " Dickson v. Pape , " hid on the table of the house, Feb. 3, be printed. MIL ANSTEY'S MOTION. On the order of the day for the nsamption of the debate en this motion, deferred from Wednesday, Hr. C. ANSTEY said he believed it devolved upon him to appoint the day for resuming this debate. The noble lord opposite, however, was in possession of die horse, and he (Hr. Anstev) should he glad to consult b convenience en the subject. Ile wonld eitber sit there and hear his de fence out now (great laughter, it being nearly one o'clock), or he would name any day that would suit him. (Cries of " Go on," followed by laughter and ironical cheering.) Viscount I'ALMERSTON was of course exceedingly anxious to proceed, but he really would not trouble the hon. gentleman "to sit there to hear him" to•niglit—(a laugh)— for he feared if he did they should he very shortly perform ing a duet together. (Much laughter.) The order had better stand for this day (Friday). The order was fixed accordingly. The house adjourned at ten minutes to one. GENERAL COMMITTEE OF ELECTIONS. The committee met yesterday and struck the fol lewing committee : BOLTON.-Mr. B. Baring, Hon. C. Howard, Mr. Stanley, Col. Salwity—Mr. G. A. Hamilton, chairman. ELECTION COMMITTEES. KTNSALE.—Dr. Jago's examination was concluded, after which Michael Bateman, cabinet maker and under taker, underwent a long examination. lie denied having had anything to do with the circumstances stated by the woman Ryan. He had never employed her to shave the electors, but ultimdely paid her demand to get rid of her. Be had assisted several poor voters in consequence of the persecutions to which they had been subjected. At the ter mination of the examination of the wi.ness, Mr. Mere weather summed up for the sitting member, and the com mittee adjourned to this day. Lynx Racrs.—Having heard Mr. Alexander for the sitting member, the committee decides that no bribery had been proved. Mr. 11111, Q.C., they proposed to prove brih;ry against the p. titioners (the latter having pra)ed for a scrutiny), but not being ready with his w:meosts, the com mittee adjourned to this day. LANCASTER.—A Mrs. Blaco, the keeper of the inn at Heysham, proved that the suppers given to the free men were ordered by Mr. Ellen& who appeared to be a friend of Mr. Gregoon. Both Mr. Grego:4i, and Mr. Wyse were present during the proceedings at the supper. Ad journed at 4 till 11 o'clock this day. SOUTITAMPTON MICK COMPANY.—The half-yearly general meeting of this company was held yesterday at the offices, Bisbopsgate-street. Colonel Barlow. chairman of the board of directors, pre-ided. The chairman having opened the proceeding., the secretary (Mr. Sainsbury) read the re- Pert of the directors, which stated tat ste a dily the half-year the business of the company had increased, the receipts being 9,7071., being an increase of 1.3011. in the half-year. The directors recommended a divdend of 10s. per share for the half-year, being at the rate of 2/. per cent. per mom. Tke second dry dock had been completed, and was ready for the reception of ships. The d rectors have, it appears by the report, issued guaranteed awe:, at 6 pee cent., tathatiaed by the special eeneral meeting held on the 29th of December last. Applications were received from proprie tors for more than 90,0001., and the directors could have readily disposed of a much greater amount. The capital somata up to the 31st December showed the receipts to have been 523,9121., and the expenditure 517,7701., leaving a balance of 6,133/.—The report was adopted, the retiring directors elected, and the meeting separated. TRANNNISSIOI4 OF BOOBS BY POST.--CAPPBma. — We understand that many book parcels have been charged ari letters in consequence of disregard by the public of the ngalations of the Treasury. The mistakes consist chiefly of plying the postage in money instead of stamps, and of printing on the envelope the name of the bookseller, whicb, thmigh allowed in newspapers, is forbidden as regards books. '-? . ppreiii,s. MAILS The malls for British North • Bermada. and the BMW gates. will be made up on the entrain, of the 25th February. The mails foe Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Fuer, and Gibraltar will be made up on the morning of the 27th Pehrtriry. The Mille for New South Wale", t'an oiemen*. laud, sad New Zealand will be made up un the evening of the 21th February. The mail% for the West llnat of Africa end Ito•:riro will be made lap on the evening of the 29th February. The Went India Mail., including IternauJa, Narwan, Ile an~eg, Honduras, New Orli:sum, Vera Cruz, Tampico, awl Porto Rico. and secluding thine for Madeira, Jaemel, Carthagera, manta htartha, Filagree, Panama, West Coast of South America, and St. Juan-de. Nicaragua, will 'oe mode up on the morning of the 2nd hlarch, The overland mils for Gibraltar, Malta, flreete, the lonian Islands, Pant, Aden, Ceylon, In4la, I long-Kong, end rhino, via Southampton will be mode up on morning of the 3rd 51 treh. The mails for the Brazile, the River Flaw, stouto IWeo, Pernam buco, Bahia Madeira, and Buenos Ayres, will Oa made up on the evening of the 4th Match. The overland closed mallet era Marseilles, to the Mediterranean, Crypt. Aden. Crykie, India, How Kong, She., will be made up on the evening of the 7th March. HIUII WAT3II AT LO 6 lllOl 13/11 Ott —136 , 6 1 611. iY nna. paw I; LitnemAA. N 6.116. Am 6. 16.113.36.16-313rolas. 13 AAA. AS I; Alters 364 31 Eu 6.3666 6. LONDON, FRIDAY, FEB. 25. THE popular cause has triumphed once more in Paris, and against an army of 100,00)) men. It has triumphed this time, fortunately not alter three days of carnage and of struggle, but by the moral attitude of the population. The national guard, the middle class of the 'citizens, joined with the lower orders in offering resistance, and this sufficed. Fl cneh soldiers are citizens too, and however reac'y to sweep away a few idle rioters, they were not pre pared to treat as foes, and to decimate with grape shot, the united and thronging popu lation of the metropolis. The example is a pregnant one, and the lesson such as every monarch and every minister must ponder. Neither must provoke, for neither can overcome, the hostility of a million voices, not to speak of a million arms. Voices alone, have, in the present case, sufficed to overthrow one of the oldest and strongest govenimentreheaded by the shrewd est king, and having at its command a most powerful army, led by an experienced and determined general, and possessing every means of influencing and insur ing that army's fidelity, which character, talents, long success, and unbounded resources could bestow. After all the fortifications, and the forts, all the cunning manipulation and management of soldier and of civi lian, and of every class in which a shadow of influ ence might be supposed to remain, with an undoubted majority in parliament—that majority, to be sure, composed of functionaries, but still a majority—all this cunning edifice, with its cornplic ited scaffolding, has been swept away ; and Louis fustier: appears, at the decline of life, in the humiliating position of submitting to the liberal!, whom he insulted, and of actually capitulating with the mob. M. Gulzor, too, has disappeared in this whirlwind of his own raising; and he departs with the poignant reflection, that he has lived to deny or undo every principle and every aim, to strengthen and attain which was the object of his political caner. To found the new monarchy, and surround it with conser vative buttresses, such as might defy the popular cry, was as anxiously and assiduously his study, as it was that of his royal master to erect forts aed circuttival lations for the same purpose. M. GDIZOT has lived to see his scheme broken through, showing it to be as fragile as a spider's web. The prohibition of a dinner has been the mighty event, on which minis- I terial conservatism has been shipwrecked. And the result utterly disproves M. thazar's favourite maxim, that unpopularity was the true element of I greatness, and the necessary concomitant of ministe rial power. To establish the throne on conservatism, and on re sistance to popular demands, was one of M. Guizo'r's avow& aims in taking the reins of empire. His other aim was to found and consolidate the union between the two great constitutional states of the west. This, too —this great alliance between France and l England, it was, also, his fate to destroy, and to spend the last year of his ministry in rendering almost im possible. M. GUIZOT'S rancour to England was fiendish. There was not a court in Europe in which his agents did not labour to do us harm, nor in Madrid did he shrink from the most unscrupulous and in famous means. In addition to this, he flattered and abetted that rivalry with England in naval expenses, which has so sorely embarrassed the finances of both countries, without producing ono iota of positive good Ito either. Still we must remark, how fortunate it is that this revolution, or at least this change of government in France, effected by a popular outbreak, did not take I place at a period when the French were labouring 'under thou quick resentments and jealousy towards England, which certainly infected them three years back. One of the results of successful insurrection then would have been a war ministry, and a policy imposed neon it provoca tive to this country, and menacing to peace. Now, fortunately, there is no room for any such fear. The interest and attention of the French are at present directed to Italy and to the struggles of the people of that country for freedom. And their war bles precautions must more naturally be directed against Austria and the absolutist powers who menace Italy, than against England, :10 protects it. There are, to be sure, names, mentioned as likely to be in the new ministry, of men who have distinguished themselves by Anglophobia, especially BILLAUD and DUPAURE. But Count MOLE, though tracassier and peevish, is still a states man eminently pacific, and, moreover, endowed with that experience and address which avoids extremities. Count Moee is, perhaps, of all French statesmen, the man in whom Austria will have most confidence. It was Count MOLE who evacuated Ancona, and the management of the difficult affairs of Italy could not be placed in more skilful hands. It remains to be seen whether the p , nple will be contented with this new ministry ; for the fourth estate has been called up from its repose to take part and have a voice in political affairs. The King bad no other choice; for, were he to call M. TIIIERS to power, and allow him to select his ministry from the promoters of the banquet, a disso lution of the chamber must ensue, and all the excite ment of a general election, with consequences not very easy to take in at one view. Such must be the result, should popular discontents be continued or revived. And it is possible that the National Guards of Paris may not be content with less than seeing ODILLON BARROT in a cabinet. We do not see how they can be con tented with a less solid guarantee of reform than this. But it is also possible that they may be in duced to accept Count Moue. In that case the new ministry . will have the support of the conserva tive majority, though the cabinet contains so many members of the left centre. And the compromise thus hastily patched up may last for a time. Permanent it cannot be. And unless the court can manage to retrieve its defeat in the streets of Paris, a THIERS and BARROT cabinet - will be thrust upon it. And, for our part, we think it would be not only the beat and most liberal adrni r nistmtion, but the most truly pacific and most inclined 7 on fair terms to accept the English alliance. re DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH ROME.—A nume rously attended meeting was hold yesterday at Willis's Rooms. King-street, for the purpose of petitioning parlia ment against the measure for establishing diplomatic re lations with R nue. The business of the meeting was opened with a prayer from the Rev. Mr. Thelwall. Mr. Plumptre, Y.Pwho occupied the chair in the absence of the Earl of incchilsea, read letters of apology from the Bishop of Lien duff and several members of the House of Commons, who had been invited to attend.—Mr. G. It. Clerk proposed the first resolution, to the effect that the measure introduce d LORD DUNCAN carries into a parliamentary cam- i o n f to ßlg hf its Ho u uT of Lords the was o ppose ) Act of Nettlemen Whe Settlement, anclwo ß u i l l tt peign no small portion of the spirit which conquered be • violation of the constitution. After stating at Camperdovrn. He bluntly rejects all suggested t h is view of the law, he declared he looked upon excuses for evading a battle, and he brings great the measure introduced into the House of Lords as one weight of metal to bear upon the object of his attack coming from a popish) influenced ministry. This country in a well-directed, rapid, and continuous fire. was always at war with Rome, and he hoped it ever would continue at that war till Rome was extingui•hed.--The Rev. The ante-PITT history of the window tax is Hugh Stowell commenced by thanking the ministry for the curious, and Was related by Lord Huscas with appOintment they made to the primacy. A more meek, point and spirit. 'fhe first act for imposing house devoted, and rotestant archbishop was never selected to duties was passed in 1695, un,ler Witusar III.; preside over the protestant church of England. That op oented. poiatmentwas honourable to the ministry, and it Was equally in the reign of Queen ANNE the tax was au honourable to him on whom it was conferred. The contrivers of this new tax seem to haw,been Untutored he to fawn or reel for power sadly at a loss for a criterio n whereby to snout. the By doctrines fashioned to the varying hour. real value and exact rent of bows. For want di a But if the ministry thought by this appointment to better, they took the number of windows. It proved, ra gag the protestant feeling of this country, or to might have been expected, a criterion not to be reconcile it to the measure they brought forward, retied upon : in 1847 PELHAM was obliged to distin- Lo ue could ti tell them they were greatly mistaken. te guish between the house and the window tax. The the ti rvoiefewnasemwTectionticie metlntryanitte3LPeqctobyrasp titre preamble of the act declares that the duty "has of late founiations of their protestant constitution would p er. years greatly decreased, and the same seems still pi aehei, But he did not despair. Let them send litiely to diminish." In 1766 the preamble of toss fro. the metropolis with 200,000 signatures] and let eh e ri n e i t. detitine to t have no popery an u d t no peace w e i d th Anti- DOWDESWELL'S Act complained that " the said win- Front 1695 mously.—The ley" tn R.I. w hMkee n m p oved an a resolution, to the duties have been greatly evaded." to 1784 (when PITT began to try his hand upon effect that the Ap e claimed spiritual power over the protest windows) the experience of every successive year ant church as we as over the church of Rome, and to ex added the (a lie n ; and that such claims were incon- added fresh facts to show the unreliable character of c° &latent with their fessy to the throne.—The Rev. C. Press this tax in respect of returns. seconded the resoluties which was agreed to unanimously. In 1784 began PITT ' ( ant i-li g ht and anti-ventila- Other gentlemen addri•ed the meeting and • petition to tion crusades. The first in the series of attacks upon parliament was agreed uisn, after which it separated. windows was the Commutation Act to levy lore ad Despatches were eeo o ff yesterday evening from valorem duties on tea, and substitu te an increase thy Colonial-office Ove for the 1 raCtre of Hong Kong and of the window tax, Fox professed to be un- Ceylon. THE EXPRESS. FRIDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 25, 1848. able to see what windows and tea had to do with one another. Perhaps Par thought tea and fresh air too great luxuries to be enjoyed at once ; perhaps he had dreams of artificial light resorted to at earlier hours, and imagined the duty on the dips and moulds by which the tea was consumed Wight compensate for the reduction in the duty on the article itself. At all events, the public felt that the transference of taxation to windows required by all, from tea then consumed exclusively by the wealthy, was a sacrifice of the general public to the privileged orders. In 1785, BEL SHAM recordsthat the effect' of this injudicious measure were already conspicuous in the disfiguring of houses to evade the tax. In 1797 came Pat's triple assess ment act. How this continued ministerial patronage of darkness was felt may be inferred from the fact that Fox, whose ill judged secession from parliament had hitherto been acquiesced in by his constituents, was compelled to return in order to oppose the measure. It passed, and the tax retained its character of unre liable ; for in 1802 and again in 1804, acts were required to be passed augmenting the window duties. Two very simple facts will show how noxious and oppressive this tax has been. The committee on illicit trade, on whose report PITT founded his commutation act, stated that in 1781 there wee 211,483 houses in Great Britain with from 8 to 10 windows; the population was then 10,000,000. PORTER'S tables show that in 1845, when the population was about 20,000,000, the number of houses with from 8 to 10 windows was only 158,801. While the population had in creased a hundred per cent., the number of houses with eight to ten windows had fallen off nearly one fourth. Again, according to the report of the illicit trade committee, the total number of houses, with more than seven windows, assessed to the window tax in 1784 was 413,515; in 1845, PORTEIt states that the number of such houses was 453,738. The number of houses, with more than seven windows, was there fore only greater by 40,223 in 1845 than in 1781 ; although, UR Sir BORERS PEEL stated at King's College Hospital, the houses in Lonion increased at the rate of 93 per cent. between 1800 and 1831. The inequality of the pressure of this tax was for cibly illustrated by Lord 1 irscsfi. The results of hie statements are shown by the fallowing table: 13ererelostreeL Soho.—No house to it rated at 2001. a year. Most of the houses rated at 40/, SO/., 601. per annum, Par Poland-street.—\o house rated at 2001. n year. Meet houses in it rain at 401., 50/., Os/. per annum, psy 415 Total tax levied on Donvick-atreet and Poland-street 57.594 But St. Jamea'a.rapeire.—Nn hour rated Under 100/. a year Moat house♦ rated at SW., 7501., 1.000/. per annum, pay 609 Berkeky-equare.—No Douue rated under 90/. a year. Moat bottles rated at 9001., 7901., LOA/. per annum, pay Grravenue-square.—No hote.e rated in It under 300/. a year Mott hour. rated at 9001., 75e/., 1,000/. per annum, pay 053 483 Iterniek-street With only one houre in the three stmt. ; 332 itroatiaareet rata dat late.'. a year, pay Polantintraet Total I:I,2JU Whilst Piccadilly, without a house under ;01. a year, and some u high as 1,0001. and 2,0001. a year rating, pay 11,791 Window tax. Per house. 503 houses in Os'ord-street pay to hourea in Dufour's-place pay 79 49 houses in Broad-street pay. One exemplification of the spirit in which this tax has recently been administered, and of the success which has attended it, and we close this part of our subject. In 1833 the number of houses v, ith eight windows assessed to the window tax was 59,093. In that year, Lord ALTHORP, yielding to the pitiful whining of the landlords, consented to exempt farm-houses, dairies, cheese-rooms, &e. ; and in 1831 the number of eight-windowed houses assessed dropped in consequence at once to 18,267. It kept struggling upwards again till 1840, but nevercameto be as high as in 1833. In 1841 came the re-assessment and Mr. BARING'S 10 per cent. act, the object of which was to make the urban population pay for the defalcation in the revenue occasioned by concession to the rural. By putting on this screw the number of eight-windowed houses assessed was raised in 1841 to 62,898. The natural consequence of this shabby sacrifice of the town populations on the shrine of landlord interest was not long of be coming manifest. Windows came to be blocked up with railroad speed. In 1841 the increase in the number of eight-windowed houses rated was 7,125 ; the increase in the amount of duty was 15,886/. In the course of the years 1812, 1813, and Ifi I 1 , the de-' crease in the number of eight-windowed houses rated was 7,206; the falling oft' in the amount of the tux levied on them was 5,918/. Last night Lord IkNtaN did not leave the CHAN CELLOR OF THE Excueetunt the poor prescriptive excuse that the patties callin g for the repeal of this ' tax did not show how the defalcation in the revenue thus occasioned could be made good. His lordship MIS ready with a method for reanjuving the national amounts. The army, navy. and ordnance estimates he observed were 16,861,000/. in 1816, and they are 18,957,000/. in 1848. The difference of two millions is more than the whole 1,600,000/. returned from the window tax. Or, if it were thought too much to fall back on the earlier estimates, Lord Duscars was ready with an alternative proposal. On the items of army, navy, ordnance, and militia, Lord Jons's budget proposes a total increase of 602,000/. The squadron on the coast of Africa it is estimated will cost 300,000/. Dispense with the proposed increase and withdraw the squadron, and there is a clear saving of 900,0001. There remains (supposing the blocking tip of windows to go on as it has done) at least 600,000/. to be provided for. To make up this, Lord Dorcas( proposes to capitalise the woods and forests by sales of land, and allow 600,0001. to compen sate for the loss on the window tax. Thus has the gauntlet been fairly thrown down to ministers on the great question of the window duties. That tax has been shown to be uncertain in its re turns, oppressive to the poor, and unduly favourable to the rich ; and for these and other causes univer sally unpopular. On the other hand, a way has been pointed out by which the whole amount of revenue received from it may be partly dispensed with and partly replaced. These views have been supported, illustrated, enforced in the House of Commons by the manly terseness and youthful fervour of DUNCAN, by the sanction of the time-honoured name of HUME, by the popular vigour and plainness of WAKLEY. To representations of so much weight, so powerfully enforced, it will not do for the CHANCELLOR OF THE EXCHEQUER to reply, that, if the opponents of the tax had not been so un reasonable as to ask for its repeal, he would have been ready to listen to proposals for re-adjusting and more equally distributing its pressure. The time for such compromise is past. Nothing short of entire repeal will now satisfy the public mind. The minis terial majority of 'J2 does not settle the question : it is only a starting point for an agitation sure to triumph. THE OUTBREAK IN PARIS. CHANGE OF MINISTRY. We yesterday gave a narrative of the 'recurrences which took place on the night of Tuesday and up to a late hour on Wednesday evening, to which wo add some further particulars. The disturbances had continued during the whole of Wednesday with great and constantly renewed vigour oa the part of the people. Barricades were hurriedly thrown up by . them, but as promptly demolished by the military in divers ereets; and the attitude of the populace—the National Guard in many instances fraternising with them—grew hourly more menacing until towards ev, ning a rumour of the re signation of the ministry stopped the current of popular fury, and induced a pause. It was in the chamber that the moat important scene occurred. A deputation of officers of the national guard, most of them belonging to the 9th Legion, had made their way through the Place de la Concorde, where an immense crowd had congregated about noon, and across the bridge to the Chamber of Deputies, for the purpose of presenting a petition to the chamber in favour of reform. The battalion of the 10th Legion on duty at the Chamber of Deputies immediately took up their arms, and went to meet the aoaching party with cheers. At the middle of the Pontl de la Concorde the two columns met. General Trezel, the Minister of War, who accompanied the battalion of the 10th Legion, addressed the advancing party, and remon•trated with them on the unconstitutional na ture of their proceedings, and the commander of the 10th declared that he would not allow the petitioners to pass. M. (Millen Barrot and M. Gartner Pages then went forward for the purpose of communicating with the advancing party. but on some representations being made to them, they thought it wise to retire. They returned to the chamber, and the petition was consequently not presented. On their enteiing, the aspect of the chamber was calm, but evidently oc cupied with what was passing without. The mem bers of the Left assembled in great numbers, and were conversing in groups. M. Vavin, deputy for the Soino, was the first to address the chamber, and stated, that as deputy of the Scir.c, and in the name of his colleagues, he had a solemn duty to ndhl, to de mand of the minister of the interior infurrnation and expla nation as to what was pa/sing lathe capital. Within 21 hours the most serious disturbances had broken out in Paris. The population had observed with astonishment the absence of the national guard. On Monday orders had been given to call them out. A counter-order must have been given in the night. It was only the day before, after collisinns had taken place, that the rappel was beaten. All the day the peopl e had been exposed to serious danger. If the national guard had been called out at the commencement it was probable such sail results would not have been t s be deplored. The Minister of Foreign Affairs then stated that be did n . .t think it for the public interest, nor proper for the cham ber, to enter on any debate on the explanation demanded. The Kiag had called on M. le Comte Moil—(c:ieers from the left)—to form a new cabinet. (Renewed cheers.) He said such interruptions could nut injure him to add to, or withhold anything of, what he intended to say. As long as his ministry remained in office, he should cause pubic order to be respected according to the best of his judgment, as he had hitherto done. After some interruption, created by this announcement, M. Odillon Barret rose, and said : In consequence of the situation of the cabinet, I demand the adjournment of the proposition which 1 made yesterday. (the impeachment). (Loud cries of " Yes, yes," and '• No, no.") I will submit to the decision of the chamber on the point. (No, no.) M. Dupin then nee and said—The first thing necessary for the capital is peace. It must be relieved from anarchy. Rvary one knows that the spirit of July exists vet. Homage has been done to the will of the nation, but the people must know teat its deliberations must not he on the public way. The ass. mblages must cease. Ido not see how the mini.try, who are provisionally charged with the public Affairs, can oc cupy themaelves at the same time in r.-establishing order, and with the care of their own safety. I demand the ad journment of the proposition presented yesterday. (Loud cries of " No, no.") M. Guizot : As long as the cabinet shall be entrusted with public affairs, it wiliest's° the law to be respected. The cabinet sees no reason why the chamber should suspend its labours. The crown, at the present moment, is using its prerogative. That prerogative must be respected. As ling as the cabinet is upon these beaches, no business need remain suspended. The l'resident then put the question as to the adjournment of M. Odillon Barrot's proposition. About one hundred members of the opposition supported the adjournment ; the whole of the conservatives were against it. The chamber immediately rose in great agitation. When n. Guizot was entering the chamber before an nouncing his resignation, the 10th legion of the national guard on duty saluted him with groans of " A boa Guizot," `Vise Louis Philippe." M. Guizot looked annoyed, and peeled on without making any remark. A minute after wards M. Muret (de Bort) came out of the chamber, and announced that M. Guizot and his colleagues were out of office. The announcement was received with loud cheery, and immediately spread like wildfire. Ia less than half-an hour it was known all over Paris. On Wednesday the National Guards of the 2nd arron dissement, to the number of about 500 or (100, assembled at an early hour in the Rue Lepelletier, opposite the Opera. It was at first supposed that their intentions were hostile to the people, but the latter soon acquired a convic tion that they were animated with the same sentiments as the immense majority of the population. Their motto was, " Reform, and the dismissal of M. Guizet." When the intentions of the citizen soldiers became known, an immense crowd assembled before them, crying, " Viva Ia Garde Nationale !" " Viva la Refurme !" The latter cry was loudly repeated by the National Guards, the officers joining in it, arid flourishing their swords. Bo th: then fra ternised, and • guard having stepped forward said, " A difference of opinion may exist between us relative to the expediency and nature of reform, but we are unanimous in condemning Guizot. Down with Guizot!" This cry was echoed by the multitude, and by none with more farce than by the well dressed men who partly composed it. Shortly afterwards, those National Guards formed in line, marched up the Rue Lepelletier, repaired along the Boulevards to the Rue Richelieu, which they de scended towards the Tuileries, amidst deafening cries of Vive la Reforme," and " Down with the Ministry," to which they energetically responded. Instead of entering the Palace du Carousel they proceeded along the Rue de Rivoli, and drew up between the Rue du Dauphin and the Rue du 29 Juillet. They had no sooner taken their position than an officer d'Ordonnance of General Jacqueminot rode up, and, after exchauging a few words with the lieut..col.,rode back is all haste to the chateau. An immense crowd then as sembled round the National Guard, and their cries of " Vise la Reforme" and " Down with the Ministry" could be dis tinctly heard by the king and royal family. Nevertheless no troops were ordered in that direction, and the people and the nationals were left quietly to fraternise, although the two extremities or the street were occupied by an immense force. In the meantime the Nationals of the 3rd L-gion collected to the number of 3.000 on and about the Place des Petits Peres ; and their officers having held a council, agreed to depute their colonel to the King to acquaint his Majesty with the wishes of the National Guard—in other words, re form and the dismissal of the cabinet. That officer imme diately proceeded to the palace, but wan not admitted into the royal presence ; he merely saw General Jacqueminot, the commander-general of the National Guard, who promised that he would that instant carry himself the me morial to the King. The National Guards remained as sembled on the Kam* awaking the return of the colonel, their determination being to march upon the Tuileries if the reply was negative. Occasionally strong patrols were sent out to interpose, if necessary, between the combatants, but no hostilities took:place in the neighbourhood, the troops quietly remaining on the adjoining Places des Victories, without giving the least provocation. The Nationals filed by them crying for reform and the dismissal of minister', surrounded and followed by an immense mass of people uttering the same cries, and the soldiers by their countenances testified that they concurred in that wish. In one of the by-streets a detachment of troops, stationed there to intercept the pas sage, accepted bread and wine from the people, and their officer looked on, nay encouraged them to accept the provi sions offered to them. The Fourth Legion took arms and stationed detachments in different directions to maintain eerier and prevent the effusion of blood. At three o'clock, in the neighbourhood of Rue St. Denis and the Place St. Denis a strong additional body of troops and artillery was directed. In the Rue St. Denis the insurgents fired several times on the troops, of whom several were said to be killed. The dragoons were sweeping the Boulevard between the Porte St. Denis and the Porte Bt. Martin, and they pre vented any one from passing, but the distant shots could be heard. In the Rue Rambuteau, a captain of Cuirassiers was killed, and the mob carried his helmet in triumph OR the top of a pole in the midst of the wildest enthusiasm. the Rue St. Avoye, which was in the hands of the insur gents, many of the inhabitants had stuck up on their doors, Armes donisees, which was considered an intimation that no arms were any longer to be had there. The attitude taken by the Guarde Nationale is very threatening. Two battalions of the national guard of the second arrondissement just referred to allow a party of the municipal guard to pass through the Rue Lepelletier, where they were drawn up. The municipal guards drew their ' swords, and threatened to attack ; but the mayor of the arrondissement having appeared, warned the municipal guards to withdraw, which they did. The explanation given of it is that the national guard was ordered by the mayor to protect the Morrie, and not to allow any troops to paw , . The national guards of the first arrondissement, which had shown a better disposition towards the government than those of the other arrondissements, were drawn up at three o'clock in the Rue Rivoli, and had ten additional rounds of cartridges served out to them. The national guards of the 3rd arrondissement drawn up in the Place des Petit Peres, prevented the municipal guards from leaving their barrack, which are situated in that place, and threatened to fire on them. General Jacqueminot (father - in - law of 115. Dachatel, minister of the interior), Commander in-Chief of the national guard, a few minutes afterwards came on the ground, and attempted to harangue the pride d but they refused to listen to him. said tact a general (Peyrout Tibure• Bebutisai, brother of she mareb:l) who commended the troops at the Filles du Calvaire, wu killed by a man en blouse. Ten of the people made prisoners by the troops were con fined in the pard-house of the Boulevard des Bounce Now vanes, which has uniformly been taken by the people in every inseute. The people attacked it at live o clock, dis armed the soldiers, discharged the muskets, and returned them to them, and liberated the prisoners. They carried oft the flag that &dulled the entrance, and presented it as • trophy to the 3rd Legion of National Ouarffii. The sth regi ment, which joined the people in July, 1630, was there during this affair, awl again fraternised with the people. The people were at five o'clock proceeding to the prefecture of the police to liberate the prisoners confined there. Oa their way they called at the Reforms newspaper office, and were told that all was cot over, that the banquet must take plac,, and that good care would be taken to enure their liberties. WEST INDIA AND MEXICAN MAILS. We yesterday announced the arrival of the Royal West India Mail steam-packet Tay, Capt. Sharp, at Southampton. The Tay brings 28 passengers, among whom are ten riggers, who went out in the Medway, convict ship, to Bermuda. (The rest of the Medway's crew were sent home in the Persian.) Iler freight consists of 23,304 dollars, 1,4301. British coin, 117 ounces of gold dust, Sze., 1,536 ounces of silver. The Mexican and Havannah mails were brought to Bermuda by the Thames, which arrived at Ireland island on the 6th of February. Owing to the non- ' arrival of the Tay with the outward mails, the Thames was despatched from Bermuda on the 2nd of January to Ilavannah and the gulf of Mexico to bring the homeward msila from those places. Having started so late, she was compelled to curtail her time in order to be back in proper time to forward her mails to England. At Ship Island, on the 14th of January, the American steamer Delaware came alongside of the Thames, and took oat the passengers and mails for New Orleans. The heavy sea en the bar at Tampico prevented the Th smes having any communication with the shore. The weather was thick with winds fromthe N.W. on the 18th and 19th of January (all the rest of her time in the gulf was fine), and prevented her making Vera Cruz before 3 p.m. on the 20th. On the 21st fie Thames started for Havannah, where she arrived at 7 a.m. on the 26th. She was detained 48 hours there waiting for H.M.S. Darling, which brought up the Vera Cruz mails, containing despatches from M. Doyle, oar chargé d'affaires at Mexico. The amount of specie shipped by the Thames at Vera Cruz was small ; from the state of the country the merchants were afraid to risk the despatch of the precious metals from the interior. Report said that 6,000,000 of dollars were awaiting a safe convoy at San Luis l'otosi. General Twiggs had superseded General Wilson in the government of Vera Cruz. The state of the city is reported as rapidly improving undtr the new go vernor. Numerous sanitary regulations had been introduced; omnibuses had been imported from America; various places of amusement had been opened, and an American company performed regu larly in the theatre ; the city was healthy, and appa rently thriving. Reinforcements of recruits, ammu nition, and stores continued to arrive daily. The only active operations in the field were desuitory affairs with guerillas. Letters from Mexico, dated the 12th of January, sty :—" There is a great deal of talk about an expedi tion bang sent to Queretaro, San Luis, Zacatecas, &c., and about a division of the army having left for To luca. It is not, however, probable that active hosti lities will be resumed until the pending negotiations for a peace are decided. Should a continnat.on of the war be resolved upon, an expedition will march against Orizaba immediately." A lttter from Tam pico states : --" The people of this department are heartily tired of misrule and oppression, and are anxious to become independent, or annexed to the United States. They have, in accordance with this feeling, refused further subsidies to the Mexican go vernment." Santa Anna was at Tehuacan de los Grenades, half-way between Tehua:an and Oajaca. Paredes was at Tulancingo, baring retired from active life. TRINID.kD.—The colonists are setting their shoulders to the wheel in good earnest. The Pori of Spain Gazette of the 14th of January says : It gives or much pleasure to be able to gat, that a.-nong planters in all, or nearly all, the different quarters of the c,kny, the conviction is fast gaining ground that the encouragisg tit srourth of provisioss by the 131snurers on the waste lands of the est...tte is not only sound policy, buf :hat on the general eanTing out tics it:vas:ire depends to • great degree the future existence of the t.ttgar ylantatioras of the colony, The accounts of the progress of the colorist railway are also proini•ing. This is the true " A i'de Ito et le ciel.t aidera" spirit. It is by acting thuii. that the ctlonists will command the respect, sympathy, awl aid of their fellow , subjects in the mother country. \WINDWARD ISLANDS.—P, len.tDoel. The 88th regiment had suffered much front yellow fever. On the 27th of January. Col. Phibbs and forty of the men had died of it. The Barbadoes Mercury, in its i• Review for home readers," anticipates a good crop. The editor, with great good sense remarks Our opinion regarding the amount of the crop in inJuord from the reasons; sod ere allude to the quality In terms ungnegtionable, be lieving that, from the character and extent of the information we hare obtained, the planter in deeply sensible that, in two many in stancee hie object to nianuf,eture sugar in the greatest Lute, with out regard to quality, end aiming only at quantity, bias been met by toes in sales and price*. Ile has discovered that the wisest policy, under existing elresimetar,s, ie to rend good quality sugar to market, which will realise immediate sales and profitable return, ; or if it unfortunately NI to meet a ready salt, there will be little, if any loss sustained from the leak,. of treacle out of badly boiled sugar. Thr agricultural society have reported in the same strain. A reduction in wages has been effected. The West India Bank affairs do not appear to make satis factory program towards explanation or settlement. On this head the Mercury says: Fey now, and we have always congdereil, that the bent course for adoption would have been, at the 'mutt, the moment that the °freers were found to have drawn can't freely, to have dismissed them ; we would than have been spared extravagant epeme. and not hare been duped with the dseeption that there w.e "eupet abundant supply of specie at all the leink's branches ;" that in a very short time, specie payments would be resumed;" "tut specie was men then 'fleet week in Deoember) on its way to this blend." We say this deception would have been avoided ; but we believe It is Paid, In answer, by the extraordinuee director., that the officers were required to give information to this board during their investigating of thebank's affairs; this is reasenatle, but it dots not &fleet our views in respect of the delusion, if nolliing more. With this melange of i.ufferuble disorder, and earifunion, and miefcitune before the eyes of the public, we hear a call mode upon the ehareholdelv to pay up 15 dole. per share, by there imte.inents, within a period of tea months. In view of this ',Hoes 111 we °teem • stipulation to pay '• depositors and other inainlng claimant's," on the Ist August, 1818, 25 per cent.; on the let November, 1154• ' 10 per cent. ; can the let July, 1849, 25 per cent.; on the let July, 1050, 25 per cent. ; and balance on the let December, 1850, 15 per cent— this paying the liabilities in full by the let Deamber, 1.850. It is ex:sr enough that things are rotten; therefore we are bold In our try of wind op, wind up, without further prierantination, outlay, and Release. bt court. - - The Duchess of Kent visited the Queen yesterday, at Buckingham Palace. Lord I. Itussell had an audience of her Majesty yss'erday. The Right Hon. W. G. Hayter, Judge Advo cate.Genend, had an audience of the Queen, and submitted to her Majesty : the proceedings of some courts martial. The royal dinner party yesterday at Buckingtain Palace included the Duchess of Kent, the Duke and Duchess of Saxe Cobourg, Count Arthur Mensdorff, the Austrian Ambassador and the Couateet Dietrichstein, Lady Fanny Howard, Madame is Baranne de Waugenheim, Baroness de Speth, Lord and Lc:) , Alfred Paget, the Right Hen. T. B. Macaulay, Col. Wy lde, and Baron Fritsch. Yesterday was the birth-day of the Wm of Cam bridge. Pncce Alh.rt aid the Duke of sate Cohourg pail visits of congratulatiwi to the royal duke, at i..anibridge House. S.me of va- iorvigo Ministers, dr.l many of the nobility, called duriog the day, and left their names for his Royal Highness. The Duchess of Gloucester gave a dinner in honour of the event at f,iqueester House. "f he company consisted of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, the Prin ces' Mary, Prince Fredetic of Hesse, the Hanoverian minister, Lady A. Crulogan, Lady G. Bathurst, Mr. C. Smith, Colonel du Plat, Baron Knea.heck, Major Stephens, Mr. E. Mildmay, and the Hon. Cul. Liddell. The Duchess of Gloucester had a select party in the evening. The Judicial Committee of the Pricy C3waril mat yesterday and heard an appeal from Sierra Leone, Magnum; Smith r. the Judges of Sierra Leone." CONFIRMATION OF TIIE ARCHRI , IIOP OF CANTER- Prior rtecr.—The day named for confirming the election of Dr. Sumner as Archbishop of Canterh.ory, is Friday, the 10th of March next. The ceremony will take place at usual at Bow church. LEGAL APPOINTMENT.—Mr. Col,ao, of Lincoln'e inn, has been appointed by Sir G. Grey to succeed Mr. Bethune as parliamentary counsel to the Home-office, his duty being to prepare the bills originating with any depart. ment of the government, and revising or reporting upon any bills brought before parliament, and reerred to him by the Secretary of State. Mr. Bethune, Mr. 001010'S predecessor, proceeds immediately to India, where he will fill the place formerly occupied by Mr. Macaulay. SITALEYEARE AND THE CITY OP LONDON.—At a court of common council held yesterday. Mr. Lott moved that the sum of fifty guineas be paid to the committee for the purchase of Shakspeare'e house at Stratford-upon-Avon, towards the Dayment of the sum of 3,0001., at wheat the hove had been purchaw.4 by thew.. After some dimmesem =Era c b 7 Maas* mgetti. eaßianction Union-cour t, lamely which six feet COURT OF COMMON COUNCIL. Yesterday a court was held, for the despatch of public business. OFTOSITION TO THE INCeME TAX.—Mr. H. TAYLOR said he had been requested, by a very large meeting of the members of the court held that day, to announce that they had unanimously determined to apply to the Lord Mayor to appoint as early a day es possible for petiticuing the legisla ture against the income-tax. Within an hour upwards ot 100 signitures had been put to the requisition, and as fast en the members entered the ball they signed . The subject was one remote from political consideration., and he trotted that his lordship would immediately decide upon the appoint ment of a day for entertaining it. The Lola MAYOR said, when he entered upon the duties of the office he hail stated with what pleaeuro be should at tend to the wishes of the court. With tu:h a requisition, eco numerously and respectable signed, hr should not only com ply, bat he should appoint Friday for the consideration of the subject, if the court were desirous of using the greatest de spatch. (Cheers.) Friday was then appointed as the day for petitioning. THE NEW SMITHFIELD AND HitAIIDIRS BILL..—Mr. W. Williams brought up the report of the committee appointed to watch the proceedingv of the hill under the above head In parliament The following is the substance Finding that, independently of the establishment of a new market at Cain den-town, it was intended by the bill to restrict the driving of cattle through the streets, and to render it contra:eery that all cattle and sheep within a limited distance from the me tropolis should be slaughtered at Outten' belonging to the new company. which would virtually ab.lisb Smithfield market, and place a monopoly of the whole supply of animal food to the metropolis in toe bads of a private company, we requested the favour of an interview wish the members in parliament for and connected with the city of London, when it was are inged that the members for the C'ty should,if they thought it advisable, cooperate with terse members 01 parliament who have been solicited by the butcher: of the metropolis, &e., to oppose the second reading of the bill. The report concludes with announcing the defeat of the bill on Wednesday in the House of Commune, and expressing the sense the committee entertained of the zeal and activity of the members connected with the City upon,the important measure. (Cheers.) Mr. W. WILLIAIIs was rejoiced that the Dhow of Com mons had distiactly marked their opinion of the projects substitute fur Snathfieldinarket by repudiating it alto gether. Mr. SNELLING considered that the members connected with the City, who had evinced such promptitude to oppose so injurious a measure, were deserving of the grateful ac knowledgments of the citizens. Mr. Noteare was very unwilling that it should be supposed that the court, in approving of the late of the bill on ac count of the spirit of monopoly in whir h it Lail been intro duced, pronounced an opinion that Smithfield did not want improvement. (Hear, hear.) At the mire time that he looked upon the new company ea a gross new job, he could not help declaring that Smithfield-market was an existing and formidable nuisance. (Loud cries of " No, no !" and " Hear, hear.") Deputy Burrow., said, that numerous members who had previously condemned the site of the market had en far al tered their opinion, upon hearing the evidence adduced, as to declare that its position could not be changed for the better. Mr. W. JoNES said, it had been proved by the medical men examined on the subject that Smithfield-market was beneficial to the public health. (Laughter and cheers.) The objection to the market that the cattle were driven through the town must be applicable to every project. Mr. It. TAYLott raid, that so bag as there were public thoroughfares through the market it would be liable to the attacks periodically made upon it in parliament. Mr. I'. H. HALL, deprecated the manner in which mem ber.' of the corporation were is the habit of calutnnieting those who superintend the airing. err nta for the public advantage in Smithfield. He di fled any holy of men to do more than had been done by the markrt committee with such limited means. That there were wits existing could net bo denied, but it was admitted by all who made Inquiry in a spirit of candour and &Unita that the management woo most unexceptionable. (hear, hear.) The report was then agreed to. METROPOLITAN COMMISSION OF SEWERS. The court eat for the despatch of business) ester day. Viscount Morpeth presided. The sureeyoes report on flushing sewers and cleansing courts, alleys, and cesspools, was then read. Since the last report on this subject, there have been 10,328 cubic yards of deposit flushed away from 6,107 feet in length ot sewers. Th.: total number of streets and courts thus benefited to toe prevent time i. 469 ; the total length of sewers therein 39 miles; the quantity of deposit flushed away 41,498 cubic yards. The deposit in many of those sewers was of the foulest description. The surveyors have caused flushing gates, which me, be worked hereafter by few men in com parison with thosa at present employed. 'The courts, alleys, and cesspools in the poorer districts continue to be cleaned in the manner directed by the court. A resolution was then passed, appointing the 4th day of April for the hearing of appeals to the commissioners at the sessions house fur Surrey and Kent, at Newington. Mr. liven complained that the surveyors appointed by the former commission for Surrey and Kent did nut attend the court. He had wished to ask them some questions with reference to some nuisances which existed in the lower part of Bermondsey, where there was a loug black ditch of Ore or six feet deep, and ten feet broad, containing an iseeenu. lation of filth. He wished to know why, under the late commission, they had been allowed to rema . n uncovered. Mr. I/new said no complaints had come before that court reipecting it. He believed it was private property. Mr. By,o asked if the commission was ignorant of the existence of those nuisances ? Mr. DREW said, during the cholera they certainly were not, but at no other time had they received any complaint relative to them. Mr. Byxo said that such a sight as that which was pre sented in Bermondsey was not to be seen in any other part of England, or even Europe. It was most strange that while lever and illness of all description was being engen dered from such causes, a cammission Appointed to re medy nuisances of the kind should pass them by unheeded. In answer to a question from Mr. BYNO, Mr. Ditew said that in Bermondsey alone the amount o drain uncovered he believed to be from GO to 70 mile.. The order clerk handed in several copies of a printed re port, which he had just received from the Statistical Society. It was the result of the inquiries of a committee of the council of that society, and contained an elaborate account of the wretched condition of the inhabitants and their dwel lings in Church-lane, St. Gilea's. The court then adjourned to March 9. A FARMER OP THE MODERN SCHOOL.—The Gardeners' Chrcntiele says: "One hundred and twenty seven thousand seven hundred and fifty pounds of sulphuric acid were used as a manure by occupiers around Spaldiny last year. That is &startling fact. To those who are wont to speak of agriculturists as • slow and plodding race it will appear hardly credible. Let us state the history of a single farm in that neighbourhood in connexion with this subject. We refer to a farm of nearly six hundred acres lass Deepiug Fen. Or. this land the ordinary annual consumption of bones as a manure was one thousand bushes. This has latterly been reduced, as a less quantity with acid is found mere etficient in the long run in producing a crop, and much more so in the first instance in securing and naming a plant. In 1846. on this farm, 6,661 lbs. of acid and 630 bushels of hones were used and last year the quantity used was 9,647 Ibe. of acid and 790 bushels of bones. It may be necessary to state that the land is in the occupation of • tenant farmer, on • lease for fourteen years. Ne immediate saving is effected by the use of the acid, but • more valuable result is ob tained ' • and that of course is as desirable a consummation as the other. The acid and bones were used with benefit for mangold wursel as for the other green crops: 3, bushels ter acre, along with yard manure, have a most material influ ence ; some drub where they were omitted, appearing A month atter sowing, full ten days later than the rest. Of the whole quantity of acid named as cold last year in Spald ing, upwards of 97,000 lhs. were disposed of directly as acid, only about 30,000 lbs. weight were sold in a manufactured state by the manure dealers. The following is the mods in ! which the acid and hones are mixed on the farm to which we have alluded. The latter are laid in heaps of eighty bushels, and water is added until they are thoroughly soaked, and in thirty-six or forty-eight houro, when they have got into • state of high fermentation, they are spread abroad as, in making mortar, the mason spreads the lime before adding the water. They . are spread in the form of a basin, a layer of six or eight inches thick where thinnest, surrounded by an elevated bank or rim, which is trodden down as firmly as possible. More water is added if it can tm absorbed, and the acid follows, poured on gradually. Atter the heat has partly subsided, the whole mass is mingled to gether, and remains untouched for a few weeks, atter whieri twenty bushels of peat ashes for every acre of the :and to which the bones are to he applied are mingled witu tl,, m, and the whole is once more damped sufficiently to cause fermentation before it is required for drilling." INQUEST, YESTERDAY. TYPHUS FEVER AND SANITARY REFORM.—Before Mr. G. I. Milo, at the Boot Tav n, Cromer-street, Brunswick-square, on the boy of Peter Donnelly, • labourer, who had died, by typhus. in a miserable dwelling, No. 12, Union-court, Compton place, Judd-street, the property of the trustees of the Foundling estate.—The Deputy Coroner remarked that, under ordinary circumstances in s case of typhus fever, there would have been no amenity for holding an inquest, but the certificate of the surgeon was so positive in declaring the fever to have originated from the filthy condition of the premises, that the comner felt himself bound under the act to cause an inquiry. —John Keefe stated that he resided in the same house ea deceased. The deceased lived in the one roore where the body bad been viewed with his wife and s:x children. all of whom had taken the fever and gone to the boepital. De ceased died on Monday morning last.—Mr. Popham. district surgeon of the parish of St. Paocras, said he attended de ceased, and had no doubt that typhus fever caused his death, and that the fever was much augmented by the condition of the place inhabited by him.—ln answer to the coroner, Mr. Popham said it was his firm opinion that fever, owing to the want of drainage sad the filthy condition of the place, arose spontaneously in that locality. Nearly every house was in- fected with low fever, and there were several other eases of confirmed typhus.—Dr. John Waters deposed that he had been call ' . . ispect :eting of the ice , that they . called in by the parochial authorities of St. Pancras to set the locality, the whole of which belonged to the eof the Foundling Hospital. • • day last, in auction with Mr. Popharntie • . h uses is tn-court, Pophir-eourt, an was ,%0J „ uly a home tilt was not letle4 6 ' hot in ash deceased and seven o 4.04 set square, and there west me• ountaining twelve persons*" - lag from putrid, vegetable, , bad , nif • \.,:q 1