The Express. — London, England, 1847-04-07 00:00:00

NOTICE. The Proprietors of the Doily News (Morning)and Espresa (Evening) papols have been induced, in Cmluquencs of the representations from various rmreeted quarter., to epen Offices a. No. 4, ROYAL ECCHAN(IB-11VILDISOd, the corner of C and fronting the Itosal Caching°. in addition to their other offices. This nr7angement w.ll afford greater convenience to the numerous connexion. and friends of the, pa:am in the City . and it eastward environs, who may desire to cnnmunicate intelligence of interest and utility: and a gentleman will be in daily attendance there to receive such communications. The office will be open from mina in the morning till eight is tae evening for advertisements. No. 4, Es. alange-duildioys, corner of ConsAill, fronting the I:Jyal Brelouve. d° yproso. MAILS. The orcrland et.o.bit mtila, win Mar- ills% to the Mediterranean, Ilmt, Aden, Ceti on. Into., hang ate., will he made up on the temaing of the 7th lyr The Wegt ludo inane, excluding those for XeCrt. llondoree, cad Ilse I larmuaii. lie made ow on the learning of the 17:4 The m eeh for Vi; r, Unarm, Lisbon, Ilirleira. WWI; and Gibraltar, jl3l be made Mb CR the morning of the 17th .tpril. Tea overiant on toe Gibraltar, bl dot, Greece, We lonian g sn ,,, Men, G t ylon. lade., thong-Kong. and Chins, via Southampton, wig be nude ny on the mooing of the ,I.Th .tyril. The mail. fu: New Smith Wa:es. Vee lhemenh Lend, and New Zealand will be nude tip on the ereilinT of the 30th .tpril. The mail. for British North Ar :erica, Bermuda, and the United State*, will be mat; ay on the ere,' ing of the and ttty. rho mails for the lir:mite, the Itiv, Plate, Monte Video, Perna,. ham, Bahl; Ala 'eira, and Duero. .tyre e, will be made up on the ping of We to May. TO CORRESPONDENTS. ••• Attrertberants Intended for TA. 6sprts4, Louden evening paper, moot be a• Mr Wl*. by Two o'clock oa Cm day of pobliattion. Tbe Adrmtising Ems of the DAILY NEWS" mot EX PAY-AS" bars hem It'.. , LIYED from W. PLEETATREET, to N 2. 10, lOU V ERIE, t'KEET, ELKET-snmer,coeusuous to thyPriothut and Pubiishiu 01Iess. DIGlk %YAM AT LONDON-BRIDGE. Tara Dar— a,.rairia, 47 min. part 3; Aftaraciaa, in. C. IbJtaintoz—M, ruing, 34 We. rag 6 ; Atteracon, 59 lain. peat 6. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 7. Tue. Timis, or some amiable person connected with it, is evidently alarmed and concerned, lest the result of the famine crisis and of the legislation consequent upon it, should be to effect a permanent reconciliation between the two great families—England and Ire- I land. One effect of the late dimster has been to silence the separatists; and, except now and then a small Repeal squeak to testify that some of the sala ried officers of that movement are alive and anxious to earn their stieend, there survives scarcely a enp tom of that mutual aversion and divorce unfortu nately so flagrant between Irish and English. Although the great organs of Irish repeal in Con ciliation-hall be dumb, the great champion of English repudiation o'.‘ Ireland in Pentieg-house-square is both loud and live. After having devoted its breadth of column to the texts of the clergy who preached on the Fast-day appointed to avert famine from Ireland, it relapses the very day after Easter from christian charity and fraternity, to the hatred, malice, and all uncharitableness of its nature to everything Irish. If ever there was a moment when the most ruth less financier would shrink from totting up accounts with Ireland, and bringin; it in a debtor, it is surely the present. Mr. JOHN O'CONNELL, indeed, does now and then indulge in certain Irish figures of arithmetic. Hut surely that gentleman may be allowed to ride his Repeal hobby without our visit ing vengeance rn his country, which cares so little for arithmetic of any kind. We deem the sums of Mr. O'CONNELL, and of the Times, as equally absurd. If we were to dot up a bill between Middlesex and any county in England, and make Middlesex responsible for all that it spent above all that it give, how irredeem able would be the debts of the metropolis ! And yet we know that it must have given back in proportion • as it received. There is naturally in every country a circulation of wealth, like that of the blood, from the circumference to the extremities, and from the extre mities to the circumference. And if there be no impe diments to the circulation, the extremities will receive all that quantity of the vivifying fluid, which they can absorb or profit by. The great object • should be to leave that circulation free, w hich, unfor .tnnately, never has been the case in the national flow of English capital to Ireland. To go dotting up me- counts between two provinces or portions of' a king dom, charging the weaker one with the money spent upon its coucion, and the larger one with the rents spent in it by the magnates of the other,--what can such idle recrimination lead to, but to the perpetuation of that contempt and oppression on the one side, and irrational hatred and re sistance on tho other, which render Ireland cooly. True economy should lead us to conciliate and cultivate brotherly feelings with the Irish. It is their dislike of England, which costs millions to the United Kiagdone Such figures, therefore, as those of the Trams, with all their wonderful display of eco nomy, happen to be one of the most expensive indul gencies of malice. Having, in its religious homily of Easter Mon day, demonstrated Ireland to be a debtor and pauper, and set it in the stocks for that crime, the Tiny.; p-oceeds to convince the said pauper, Ireland, that its misery and its sin are incurable. The irredeemable sin of poor Ireland is its being Celtic. And Celticisim is pronounced to be such a moral leprosy, that the Times forbids the government to think of favouring Irish emigration, for fear it should pesple the new continent with the disease. The Times out;ht to follow up the prohibition by prohib:ting marriage altogether in Ireland, and de creeing that the race of Irish should perish, as unclean and impolitic. The Time; hes been more generous than this in many of its lucnbmtions. It represented the depression of the Irish peasant, his reduction to the lowest grade of nourishment, and to tho total absence of property, of right, or self-respect, as owing to the manner in which the peasant had been treated by the state. The law proscribed his religion, and of coarse himself, as criminal. The landlord took, of course, an ana logous view, and made hint a helot. How much of Saxon legislation must boar the guilt of Cel tic misery and inaptness ter industrial life! Let the Times send a commissioner to provinceson the continent which contain a purely Celtic population—to the Mervan, for example, in the hills of the Nivernois, or to the Basques on the Adorer. Can any people be more industrious, more orderly, more provident, more govei nable, than these Celtic races ? But the pea sants are proprietors of more than half the soil. There is admitted to be very little of the Frank or Saxon admixture in the population of France. It is principally, and, above all, Celtic. And one hundred years ago the peasant was nearly as oppressed, famished, and brotified, as the Irish. The French peasant is now directly the reverse, and will bear a comparieon with the best Saxon specimens that the Time; can choose. ''he persons and the governments which redeemed the French Celt from wallowing in the lowest mire of humanity, never indulged in the twaddle of dir k., ference of race. On the contrary, they went on the great principle—that all races and all men are equal; and on this great, and true, and Christian principle, • they redeemed and regenerated their country. Instead of this, the Times, in the middle of the • nineteenth century, preaches, not the necessity of educating, or elevating, or redeeming the Irish Celt, bat of forbidding the propagation, or extension, or emigration of the race. Man, in the philosoe ay . of the Times, is a horse or a bull. Seek in the liartng Calendar, or the Agricultural Gazette, his sire and 1 ,4 dam, and yen can tell whether he is worth pampering or shooting—whether he is fit to breed out of, or be sent to the shambles. Such is the view taken of a large portion, not merely of humanity, but of our fellow-subjecta, by the ultra-christian Times. ON Monday next SD Cant ot Common Council will discuss the ministerial measure of education, and on the following day there will be a grand conference of its opponents assembled from all parts of the county'. The citizens of London suffer too much from the mir. education which produces We subjoin the letter of our oorrevondent : MA kelt - - , There hag bete a complete lull in political affairs sia- e last communications of tke 19th and 20th inst. The visit sit Colonel Du. saga may or may not have influenced the em. versetiens et' parties here who occupy themeless with she amens, public matters, but certainly there has been danag the ten days a very observable change in the tote in which these controversies were wont to be maintained. Whether an arrangement is or is not now going on, th e agency employed in effecting it is to a considerable de. gr; e occult and suopiei MS, the result of the next low days will more el , arly snow; in the meantime, as it is neeemuy reedy for t; : poeket, I hive merely thought it se to advert to the arttral phasis of the question, w{.ll. out entering more deeply into epecul dimes on the subject, which misht turn out to be altogether unfunded. Te e Spanish commissioner arrived here,e.s I stated, oa Saterdey, the 20th inst. He was co .ducted to the pris ote residence of the Count dis Antos, who directed General Career, the cc it er officer iu charge 0: Cie defences, to conduct the colonel ever the lines. the Sunday Colonel &mange had an interv;eu with Mt !•:s. Manuel and Jose Poses ,• and on the fillowieg day, ins!enl, as he had stated it to be his intention in his letter, ci procecdiug to Vigo by sea (nmich he mieLt hue done, as the packet communicated), ht returned again to the head-quarters of the Queen's general ; and, as ha. bees in. timated to rue from a well-informed quarter, it is probable he has gone to List; so, in order to communicate the result of his visit to the parties on wheat behalf he woo cent hither. In the meantime, I am assured that his luggage remains at Oporto, a circumstance which indicates his intention to re turn. The Viscount de Si did not have any cummulication with Col. Buenoga, unless the interchange .;f mutual compli meets dnring an accidental rencontre on the road may be so termed. no: has the Spaniard'. visit altered the destination el the projected expedition under the command of the siscount, who, after three unmeeessful attempts, the last of which was made yesterday, at length, this day at 2 e.x. got safely over the lior, and proceeded on his desination. As the ex pedition has Ooll' got clear off, it may not be imprudent to observe that I entertain some Anubta as to its being ready intended fur the Alearves ; and these doubts are chiefly created by its having curve to my knowledge that the Porto steamer had only 24 hours' supply of coal on board yeearilay, at the moment when she was hilly expected to be tarried over the Bar. Probably the intention of the Viscount de 8i is to lard his division at Aveiro, and to cut off the poisige of the Vougu from Soldanha, in case he should find it ac cessary to retreat by this route towards the capitol. ht support of this supposition, it may he mentioned that letters from Liehon of the 19th Me., and of a date yet more recent, elate positively, that the duke has de clared his utter inability to Mike the projected attack, or even to invest this city unless he is strengthened by some tropes in 'the Minho ; and he is said to have urged his government to demand the nei-tance of an armed force from Spain, foiling iu obtaining which, be has offered his resigna tion. Though this news may be altogether apocryphal, the position in which the marshal has so long remained readiest it beyond a doubt that he feels his utter incapacity to assume the offensive, and certainly his power of moving will not in crease with the progress of the spring. The Count d'Alcuargem, attended by his staff, came . to Oporto on the 26th, and le ft again on the 27th fur his inci sion this general's object in visiting the capital was to hold a conference with the Junta respecting the stole of affairs and of the military operations. The disposition of the carious troops remote. as wh, n I last wrote. Oporto is at this ele ment very slenderly garrisoned, but the slightest appearance of a move on the part ef Saldanha, who is still at Oliviers d'Azemais, would suffice to concentrate several divisions upon the capital. Vinhoes has returned, it is said, to Villa real, where the united division of Carol and himself is OA. doled. An affair between the 7th Cacadorcs and the Queen'. par tisans took place at Ciuninho (near Valence), on the 26th, in which the latter were totally defeated, leaving in the hands of the Junta's soldiers 34 prisoners, including several officers. The 7th Cagadons is one of the best regiments in the Portugttc,c army,and itappeare to be thoruughlystaunch to the Septembrist colours. Another affair has taken place at Guards, in the Beira, which I that city in the pos session of e Junta. Although these are only trifling suc cesses, they infuse a certain degree of confidence into the popular party, which is one of the ingredients of success. The Castle of Viana, which was closely invested, had not yet surrendered to the foci! of the Junta at the date of the last ailvices thence. With respect to the commercial state of this city, I have little or nothing to say. The English merchant., who are interested in the cargoes and bottoms of tho ships which have been seized and sent to Lisbon by the blockading squadron, are loud in their complaints of the injustice and wrong that have been done them; and. indeed, it would seem as if the queen's government was blindly sacrificing even the very persons who have been their partisans through out this revolt. A reward I:ke this, however, does not seldom prove to be the only recompense which aliens reap at the hands of a foreign nation into whose domestic quarrels they obtrude themselves ; and most certainly I must say that more vigorous, blind, undiacriminatiog partisanship than that displayed by a certain section of our countrymen who are settled in Portugal has never yet been shown in any pre•iolls domestic strife. The expedition under the Viscount Sada Bandeira has now put to sea. It consists of the Mindello, Porto, and Vesuvia steamers, and a small armed schooner. The first two veseele are very good sea-boats, the Miodello carrying a 681 b. gun, and the latter four 2816, carronades. With good management they may keep the blockading squadron at bay, an the range of the Miodello'a long gun far exceeds that of the Donna Marie's armament. The fact to which I have already referred—that ti,ere were only 21 hours' coal on board the Porto —is almost conclusive against the destination of the expedition bing for the Algarve., which is at least 35 or 40 hours' steam distance. The number .f troops is that which I stated in my lust letter, viz., 1,200, consisting of the Fusiliers of Liberty, the battalion of Coimbra, and one of the battalions called the Legionaries, all of which are Meade and tried molten, enthusiastic in the cause, well nilicsered and armed. The Count de Taipa and Mendez Leite (who conducted the recent successful fray on Aveiro) are of the party. Arum I.—The packet which sailed from Southampton on the '27th, arrived off the Bar yesterday, at 3 o'clock, p.m. She brought intelligence from Vigo that the blockading squadron had received a reinforcement of two steamers, mz., the Duke of Cornwall and the Royal Tar, armed with heavy guns, and parily mann. dby English seamen. Some supplies hal been thrown the Castle of Viana, by the Donna Maria frigate. The vessels of war were ex petted off the port, and a report has been brought up from the Fox that three of them are already visible in the offing. Not withstanding these symptoms of vigour, two English mer chantmen end a Dutch gailiot entered the river yester day, and the former were immediately taken up for the purpose of shipping Port wines to England, at the high freight of 63a. per ton. Tl,c Black Cat, schooner, laden with urns and ammunition, and having on board, it is said, a Miguelitc agent with a supply of money, was shortly ex petted off the coast ; her exact destination was not known, but that will probably depend upon circumstances, as she will land her cargo whenever the most favourable engem ! nity for doing so with advantage may present itself. The expedition under the command of the Viscount Sada Ban dews has also the same orders, viz..: to lan4 either to the north or the south of the Tagus, as circumstances best dictate. There is nothing new to report with respect to the military movements on either side. Saldanha is reported to have detached the 10th regiment (his rearguard) to Coimbra, with two guns, and 150 horse ; but this is not a certaiaty. A letter from his camp, dated the 2Sth (the day before the expedition sailed hence), asserted that 2,100 infantry awl 2.10 horse were about to be despatched from Lisbon to the Alma tejo ; but this statement is evidently intended to deceive, as the Queen's government has no such disposable form at its. i command in the capital. LA PLATA. FALMOUTH, API" 6. rived during last night from the Brazils, having wiled Her Majesty's packet, Seagull, Lieut. Parer.,, ex . from Rio de Janeiro, Feb. 14, direct to th ~ port. Passengers: Messrs. Harrison, Brawnouid ' ,iennets. Exchange on London, 28! to 29; on Ilerts ser P , 330. late, on Hamburg, nlO. The mails from the R taken up to Rio by the Griffon, are dated f rom M on t e 1 Video, Jan. 31 ; the G, inn arrived at ' Alio, Feb. 10. The Penguin packet from hence had not arr i ve d a t Rio at the date of the Seagull's haul - dg homewards. The Cameos, sailed from Rio, letla . 13, on cruise. The Rattlesnake put in ou Jan, td, on her voyage to the Cape of Good Hope, and Pee ,s ee d e d on F e b. 2. The Racer, from England, thavb e d th ere on Jan. 19, and sailed on the 21st for tt .e River Plate. Her 211aj , asty's ship, Thetis, under all sail, steering S.W., was south, a a nd long. by 35 the 38 Seagull Qa , on Feb. 22, lat. 17 4.2 w t (From the Rio Merctior . k Circular of Feb. 13.) 8111111014 in January was I' . c rnited during the whole month, and the various market,' ' off transactions in irnporytw err, with the except , mt of several ed but little interest. The r public auctions, exceed.? ;lyf produce were much less than restricted, and collections very tunatisfactory. The se in o thew in Jani 14 7 ,1 04 9 and the business of the money mulc t was, was in amount, h 4 ' ,low the average of precedio4 i imdar periods. Of the ca p Jrts — the returns show tu Junuery, 1848. " 3,064 bars o f fee stsported ; in the same month of 1847, 134,822. Of Le, tr, 359 cases against 300. During Jane' ry last a steady inquiry prevailed, and the supply havii 4 44 . become diminished, prices advanced 100 n. in superior, 73 r quotations ' acing 395. 5(1. per cwt., at ailld. exchlnge, for J. is first good, and 50 n. is first ordinary: surrum. ..o 265. 2d. fir lowest qualities. Sugars sauce, en.ibited a movement; indeed from In to 13th Feb. busi ness hat . . .. - . . generally been very limited. A moderate batistes? I. education which produces the juvenile depravity and Horns were raised sometime back that a proposi- their members to practise too same. vne of the turn to their loyalty, in wnicn case ne wouia guarati- I severity towards those prisoners ; but I only know of that in frc!' kt's" .. ar Y done , p 7 7•''' . 71 1 for the n7rtheriTaiTti • linvenile destitution of the metropolis, to join the lion made by Prussia, in the Germanic Diet, fora 'lost weighty bed the Our the t le could be urged . . against tee their personal safety, their commissions, and their facj ui fro a m tic p: p b t lic to rumo p i:e. in t ' ern ports of the empre. nn a a eounts were difficult , T y ask, 14 that • it would posts. made by a prisoner ought not to be insane cry that the Mate should not interfere to check relaxation of the present strict censorship of the Fr im e! al• poay wa r too considered ass crime, and under a good system of legislation ii, d ie mon an e rate a ranee to 4. About ,OoOr. • • this great and increasing evil. The citizens of daily press, and the enactment of slaw of libel, would " adding one more to .. already . numerous The Diorio do !,'oat ens of March 30 contains the should not be punished. The safe custody of its prisoners f been done in the month of January upon London, at a London are too sincere friends to the working classes been ergetically followed up. The expectation was medical .. institutions ; bat whenha ve n it ei i4 y kn w cr ei ,en ve n e h i e v m m i e e nLo t r e i re al e ad pe d e relse e d ee tct t h e e f lire n ee , telongs, as a r naturtright,.. d to i an r offe nd ed government, esrotiolarect at t o I . 7xelsonge and the U 'Sciek 831 es dividend. to de Mons are ' to desire to see that bondage perpetuated which founded on the notion that the king intended to A P° u ' ecan " . . p an y makes the education of their children dependent on assume the leadership of the liberal movement in claims, and, rising above the Delfts ,. hnes s that has so Cortes, already referral to: signed ut co n stitution of the fne pt s g uard• , , a proper trial takes p!ace; but to augment the sufferings r f The observations of the RIO C ireu.'a, in its annual retros pect, with reference to the extraordinary abundance of fatally degraded the se l f•e t y l e d sup n i c e , co ll eges , precarious charity. The citizens of London are too in- Germany. Last year a formal vote of the chambers 1 Madam,-Your Y ur 8111 4 1!a es y tY f 73", ?, 1 1"4' in to year makeroTalol pro• Iv a 1 .7hre;theambemi?tili because antteer"'•VnPted to 1 regain "___,likv•ty capital during the full of the coffee season, and the cease telligent to adopt such a palpable absurdity as that of Baden, obliged the Grand Duke to instruct the have determined to support the Nr.tional Institute, e. ae a rlar t aTi n on o that e tbe ooserv o em c e e' of r au 'the pro • •o a ns r uf e mn the smut In I m egi•lation ng , anlit o cay. ncenvemrbewadopted a gr..' eons to which that abundance might (as suggested ) ' be attributed, we cannot see any reason, on that, ground, why the as Pr' aciple had roused the ire of 0' Te otpo, the semi-o ffi cial organ of the I ' devised by the requisiton of Leeds, that it is the minister of that state at Frankfort , to make a proposi- constitutional charter of Portugal should be an unalterable of right or justice. Imperial . characteristic of manly independence to be dependent tion to that effect. He did so, accordingly, to the prayer of the council of this bodv should not at once principle by the means thereto established, unless a nevi- lam deeply convinced that the government of 'her most •• on ostentatious benevolence for that aid, flung to especial annoyance of Austria ; but it of cowls be ranted- sion and reform of that fundamental state compact faithful majesty should at once reconsider the ster, i t is about Of political . news there does not appear to be arty should be effect.d with the concurrence of the nation, re to take, even though it may be defended by rear d os of soun d from ha t Breads by this arrival. ." them as a contemptuous boon, which they ought to was almost unanimously rejected. It is, how- There are, however, main general practitioners oresented in the Cortes. The monstrous rebellion which policy, because a sy stem of policy which si* d d a epen ent of - - be empowered to demand as an abaci right. ever, to be expected that it will be renewed who aro opposed to this scheme of incorporation. ha. broken on in the city of Oporto, and in d' other ' justice be in T h 't in city DENNIARK.-CorEsinmiaw, MARCH 22.-The . Of the results of the intended con f erence we from different sides until, from a matter of con- They are members of t h • College of Surgeons, and 4 -ports of the country, against the were of one of the H. SW:TIMM. Fardrelander Mites that the four provincial diets will be cannot speak so hopefully, because all its mem- mon discussion, it grows into a claim that look to it as their hems. They havo only been saw- prerogatives of the crown, a rebellion menacing the sta. Lisbon, Jan. 28,1847. specially convoked for three clam to take into consideration • .` ---= - - -- ---,....--'---3.-4=L-. • • -___ . —_.____— . _ ..- , _.......-,,_ - .•,„ —.-- _ __ . - - ,^ Ilicenowsawnw.m."-- -- - - - % ' . .. . . , tiers will come pledged and predetermined to oppose the government, and therefore can only meet to in vent the moat plausible excuses which perverted ingenuity can devise to justify their perseverance. We do not, however, despair of some good result from this conference ; there may be some among the congregated deputies, who "in the very torrent, tempest, and (as we may say) whirlwind of their passion will acquire and beget a to nperance which may give it smoothness." 'lsuch—if any such there be—we make our appeal, and ask them to aid us in rescuing the children of the operative and the labourer from servile dependence for their education, on uncer tain and enpricions charity. We priy them not to abjure the very first principles of n inconformity by affirming that it is not a public duty to remove public ignorance. We entreat them as Englishmen to pon der on the last report of Mr. BENTON, the intelligent inspector of schools in the state of New York—a report which we subjoin, though we cannot read it without feelings of the deepest humiliation: The population of the state of New York, in the roar 1845, wan 2,601,391 souls. Of this number not less ikon 897,206 children, or young people, forming almost one-third of t/me papnlatioss, received the benefit of instruction, either for the rrhole or for part of the year midi-mg July Is:, 1516. Of the children or poen.: people so instr meted, 742,433 at tended the common or public schools of the state ; 31,2i0 attended private schosls in different - parts if the state, out of the, city . • 8,354 attended similar schools in the city ; 11,692 attended the " Incorporated Academies," but were not all ,wed by the regents " to be classical se!•olers, or students in the higher branches of English educat: ma ;" and 13,481 attended the same Incorporated Academies, clad were allowed to be " classical scholars or students of tie highest class." Total number of children or young people v.,. ceiving the bene fits of education, 507,200. The report then goes on to state— That the number of common or public schools in the state was 11,003. That the whole an ount of money received by tho school trustees during :he year 1545.6, for teachers, wages, and district I:brari• s, was 1,191,697 dollars—equal to about 260,000!. This large sum was raised partly by rata, and partly from the revenue of the school fund, which it a yearly i come of 375,387 dollars. The teachers ,4 the canoes shoo: ',both stale and female, arc boarded at the yOlic c.epense, and, in addition to their board, reeeire the following a-darks : —Male teachers, during the winter term, 11 dollars 16 cents ; and during the summer term, 15 dollars 77 cents per month— equal to about 601 • a year. Female teachers, 7 dollars 37 cents in the winter term ; and 6 dollars 2 c• ate in the sums mer term. In some counties, however, the iverage is stated to be as high as 20 or even 26 dollen per mo :th ler the male teachers, and from 9to 11 fur the female. There are also district libraries in connexion with moat of t'ie schools. We hope that there will be those in the proposed conference who will not be entrapped into a protest against any plan, becauso they feel otiections to the specific plan proposed by the ministers ; if the great principle be preserved, that it is the interest and the duty of every community to see that its members are instructed in their rights as men, and their duties as citizens, we have no fear that its practkal application can long be perverted in the presence of an intelli gent public. Mr. BAINES boasts that he has the people with him ; it is not the first time that he has mistaken the echoes of his own voice for the response of public approbation. We look to the organs of public opinion, the mctropolitat and pro vincial press, and if each a test have any value, it proves that the intelligent opinion of the country is all but unanimous in favour of a na tional, and therefore of a state, education. The Leeds Mercury is the only provincial paper of great influence which upholds the principle of non-inter ference to check the progress of vice, and to elevate the moral and intellectual condition of the people. All the other journals of large circulation, including the Edinburgh Witness, the organ of the Scottish Free Church, are zealous advocates hr the great principle of the old puritans and the pi:grim fathers, that it is both the nght and the duty of the state to train its members in a knowledge of th, it rights and duties as citizens. To this principle the Manchester Examiner adheres as firmly as the Manchester Guardian, though the former makes t rime weighty objections to the specific details of t1..3 ministerial measure. It has been artfully contrived to cinifound two very different things, opposition to all national systems of education—and none but a state-system can be truly national—with opposition t the specific scheme developed in the minutes of co Inca. Now, if the members of the proposed conferetss intend to preserve any character for consistency or fair-deal ing, they will in the first place dctermi.;o on which of these two grounds they intend to take their stand. It would be utterly preposterous at one to demand annihilation, and discuss conditions of , xistence—to declare in the same breath that the state.should never interfere, and then to inquire how it ought to inter fete—to declare that a system, under all circum stances, should be abolished, and then gravely to investigate tinder what circumstances it should be maintained. Should the conic: once decide against all state interference with education, under any conceivable circumstances, they will at all events take intelligible gr 'ands, and we are prepared to meet them in honest ,controversy ; should they, on the contrary, decide that there are circumstances which would justify slate in terferente in some f•orm or other, we are prepared to show that there exists a strer.g case for interference at the present moment, and that the ministerial scheme is the only form of interference at present practicable. The semi-official pamphlet, " The School in its Re lations to the State, the Church, and the Conxrega tion," completely establishes this propositi in; all that the dissenting friends of education complain of in the ministerial measure was actually forced upon the ministers by the dissenters themselves. This has been very candidly and ably set forth in a letter ad dressed to the Manchester Guardian, by Mr. RICHARD GARDNER, in reply to Dr. VAUGUAN'S letter, already inserted in the oily News ;we can only make room for one paragraph. Dr. Vaughan observes that " the scheme, in its bearing upon dissenters, is as skilful a trap as ingenuity could have devised." I admit that the dissenters hare I Alen into a trap,—one, however, which has not been laid far them by the ingenuity of others, but by their own folly. If, instead of joining in the insane and priestly cry of " Godless education," they had, with one voice, deman led an uni form system of secular instruction, they would hare achieved a perfect ectuality ; they would have compro mised no religious pnacirle ; they would h ve avoided the trap into which circumstances must inetitably force them. Could they not foresee that the expi rience alike of our own degraded population, and of thoe countries which enjoy educational systems, must at length forca the state to take action in this matter; and that if the religious basis be adopted, the church which they den st must, in fairness, carry off the lion's share of the spoils. The friends of education may lament lb it the odium then 'ogicum has blinded the dissenters to this contingency, ant that they have, in effect, affirmed the Emotion principle, by rejecting the only alternative by which the state can act. But I feel most acutely that nothing ran be worse than the present state of things, in which the voluntary system has left us after a trial of half• century ; and if the interPrence of the state in religion. matters be, as I think, unsound in theory and injurious in practice, still her non-interference with educa tion appears to me fraught with still more fatal evils to the commonwealth. We have seen no authentic details of the con stituency of the proposed conference, but we claim that the teachers employed in the schools under the congregational board should have a voice in the discussion. They have in many instances addressed . letters to the provincial papers; complaining of the scantiness of their salaries, of the supercilious treatment they receive from martinet members of committees, and of the hopelessness of their prospects to make any provision for their families. Such a letter was addressed to the editor of the Leeds Mercury, and refused insertion, because the interests of schoolmasters, like the interests of the working classes, are with that journal but as dust in the balance when compared with some imaginary advan tage to the moat rigid and narrow sectarianism. Now we respectfully submit that tho case of the school masters is one that comes properly under the consi deration of the proposed conference, ar.d a more de serving class of men could not depend for present means and future hope on their coming to a right decision. it will be dangerous to neglect. Then, of course, will the most alert of the German courts (perhaps that which has the best conscience), make haste to tarn the occasion to its own account. The chances are at present even between Bavaria and. Prussia, • either of which might secure a majority of votes, and carry it against the opposition of the other, so that • if the motion made by Count DONuore last month be dropped, there is yet every prospect that this s question will,before long, be seriously agitated. These chances arc augmented by disclosures that now • daily take place, and which tend to show many of the German sovereigns, that the interests of their ministers I are frequently very much at variance with their own. • Information of this kind is daily gaining in Bavaria, where the attempt to excite an official revolt against the king has obliged him to reconstruct nearly all the importar.t bureaux of the capital, while the intimate connexion in which the discontented servants of the crown, stood with the religious and political party, ' which pretended to be its devoted slaves, is mani feted by the contemporaneous reform of the univer sity of Munich. The chairs of ecclesiastical history and canon law, as well as of political statistics, have been compulsorily vacated, and invitations have been addressed to men engaged at protestant • 1 universities, to fill the empty places. It is easy to show that things never could have reached such a crisis at Munich, had the press not been gagged in the unheard of manner, that was effected by the de posed minister and his associates, aided by the in fluence of Austria. The influence cf Austria, unlike that of another more dreaded power, which is less thrifty of money, is exercised through that aide of the German character, which is the weakest point of all their public men. The grades of distinction consist ing in ribbons, crosses, and stars, have a power that even money could not exert; and amongst these there are inducements that no stranger could easily distinguish, but in keeping up the magic of which, the King of Bavaria, Bentham'a hopeful pupil, was most expert. A state with a large army, like Austria, offers too secure and quiet provision for younger sons ; and flattering attention on the part of her ministers, were often effective recommendations for promotion at home. From all those motives every court that, like Saxony and Bavaria, stood in inti mate and direct alliance with Austria, or which, like Baden, was even indirectly connected with Vienna, possessed meens of repressing all popular influence which, in the two former, have fully outweighed the force of legislative assemblies. Baden itself has breathed more freely since its indirect connexion with Austria has of late been loosened. Now, the dissatisfaction of Austria with the change that has taken place at Munich has been openly expressed, and to counteract the effect of Austrian intrigues in favour of the deposed ministerial faction, the King requires popular support. To obtain this he must inspire confidence. Writers will not easily commit themselves in kis behalf if they see no pledge given of his sincerity; nor will they risk the chance of his being after all foiled by men whose organised power can only be successfully resisted by the full action of popular opinion. Hence, if Bavaria do not support the proposition said to have been made by Prussia, she must take up the matter herself. An opportunity is now presented of placing in strong light the dangers accruing to the govern ments of all states, from want of the useful con trol of the press. A secret committee of the chambers of Hesse Cassel, has just drawn up a report upon a money transaction between the Minister of the Finances and a celebrated financial house. It relates to a railroad loan negotiated be tween 1844 and 1846, for the sum of 6,000,000 of dollars, which received as far as that amount the sanction of the chambers. Debentures to the amount of 725,000 dollars additional have, however, been ' issued, and it would appear that the whole terms of the loan are drawn up in such a manner as by far to exceed the powers conferred on the Hessian minister by the vote of the Chambers. In order to obtain pub licity for this report, which is of such importance for the commercial and political world, it was sent to the editor of a paper in a small state at a distance, as its publication at Cassel would have been high treason to the minister, whatever the Princo Regent might think of the matter. Iv lesislating on medical matters, it should be especially recollected that the interests of the public are more nearly connected with the intelligence and character of the general practitioners, than of any other class of medical men. They form nine-tenths of the bulk of the medical profession in the country. Raise them in education, and place them in the social scale on a level with the physician and surgeon, and you compel the latter, in order to maintain their posi tion, to apply themselves with zeal and diligence to the study of their profession. But give either to the physicians or surgeons peculiar privileges, and you will have the state of medicine reduced to what it was under the biighting influence of that most rotten of our medical institutions, the College of Physicians, during the last century. This body, with the imperfect knowledge of medicine which an exclusively classical education afforded them, arro gated to themselves the right of prescribing kr all her Majesty's subjects, and used the arm of the law to put down all apothecaries and surgeons who attempted to prescribe. But this state of things could not go on for ever : the College of Surgeons, by examining ita members in anatomy, and encouraging its cultivation, had sent forth men who were more capable of practising physic than physi cians, men who sought the knowledge of their pro fession in what the physicians—classical men—choose to e ill " the blood and filth of the dissecting-room." With the surgeons, the apothecaries—who were the medical attendants of the large mass of the people, and even of the aristocracy—began to connect themselves. At this time the chemist and druggist appeared, performing the duties of the old apothe cary, whilst he performed the offices of surgeon and acconcheur, and, joined in these functions by gra duates of Scotch and foreign universities, sought examination, protection, and a home from the state. The thought of interfering with apothecarydom shocked the nerves of the sensitive Fellows in "'oil man. The College of Surgeons would not institute examinations in medicine and midwifery ; and, as a last resource, the Apothecaries Company were offered full power to ex-mine and license medical practi tioners, and to prosecute those who practised without its permission. Such was the Apothecaries Act of 1811. It bound together the elements out of which has risen the great body of general practitioners in the country. The Fellows of Pall-mall rejoiced at its consummation, as the stigma of trade; and the badge of a boding company seemed now for ever attached to the hated yet feared apothecaries. But the Apothecaries Company, though not competent to institute efficient examinations, and more inclined to use its power against Scotch graduates than un licensed practitioners, did not fail to keep pace with the increasing intelligence of the general prac titioners, and, at the present moment, demands a preliminary education as efficient as that of the College of Physicians itself. Thus have the general practitioners come to assume an importance in the social scale which the apothecary of bygone days could not, and which his representative—the chemist and druggist of the present day—cannot lay claim to : a position that ought net to be made legally inferior to the physician and surgeon. But the late alterations in the charter of the College of Surgeons, the election of a few to become fellows to distinguish them from the rest, the want of anything like colle giate rights or privileges, have engendered a strong desire on the part of a very large body of the general practitioners to have a chartered college, with rights and privileges of their own. To effect this, a powerful organisation, under the name of the National Insti tute of Medicine, Surgery, and Midwifery, has bee,' formed. This body has already memoriahsed her M-a. jolty's government,and seeks for the power of examity jug in medicine, surgery, and midwifery, and liner ding their members to practise the same. One o f the bility of a cone_..et throne, and entlangerial public order, and all social rights and interests, renderelimposeible a convocation of the Cortes, in order that the Chamber of Deputies might be dissolved; and: ir.was not practicable, L OA/It these revolutionary movements, and the frenzy of a n. trchy, to proceed to an election of representatives of the p en 'le, over whose acts serenity of mind ought to preside, I n the absence of all violent passi• ns. it b. 'came necessary that your majesty, calling into use the supreras ' law of public safety, should assume the ibll autho rity of t . :roment, taking such extraordinary precautions which .me neeeesary for the repression of revolt and the speedy re-e, tahlthment of order, and for the upholding of t h e 'debility of the reigning dynasty and of the political sys tem of the inn earthy. To this gees 't object the government directed all their exertions and ea.'', well convinced that without the enjoy ment of public sex urity nothing was to be hoped fur or ob- ta m pe d b y any w i n e •mstrstivc steps, whilst the pzseessien of the constitutional lit erties and guarantees could never be put upon a firm footing. But, counting upon the triumph of the law, and the re- 1 establishment of the p abbe peace, and of general hthits of obedience and subordina , ion, the government, in coebrmity with the priociplei procla. ; ened and decreed by your majesty, look forward, after the ae 'ompliehment of these desirable objects, and as soma as the !resent extraordinary circum stances of the country thrill cense, to call together a national representation, in order to give before it an account of their acts, and to offer for the approval of such congress those pro jects of law which may be necessary tor the re-organization or amelioration of the several branches of the public ad ministrativn. Towards the accomplishment of thts obect it be:ernes necessary now ti frame the regulations which should be adopted to the election of deputies. If by the decree of the 9th of October, 1846, a previous decree of the 27th of July in the same year became without effret, which made regu lations in this matter upon a principle which was contrary to the provisions of the constitutional charter, the entire fulfilment of it in this particular cannot be carried into effect, our previous regulations being re•established, and it becomes necessary to mike a sensible reform in the system of electoral privileges, which in this resrect shall fulfil the conditions of the representative system. The government arc anxious that the national repre sentatien shall be composed of citizens distinguished by their t lent., acknowledged probity, and high intleprn deuce ; they desire that in the choice of representatives there should be entire freedom of election, and yet that precautions should be taken which, whilst they protect this freedom of election, shall serve at the same time to obviate and repress all factious influences and machinations, all abuses, and whatever acts of violence or means of corrals. lion which can be committed, to the end that a high moral and intellectual capacity, united to a nobleness of character, may be a reality in the assembly of deputies, and that they may be in a condition to apply a remedy to the ills which afflict the Portuguese nation, and to provide for the urgent requirements of the state. But these are labours, madam, which; should only be undertaken by men of high intelligence, and eminent for their regard for the public weal,—men endowed with the same virtues which the government consider essential in the representatives of the people; and upon this consideration your majesty's ministers do not hesitate to submit to the wis dom of your majesty the annexed draft, ola decree. Decd Secretary of State's Office, March 29. (Signed) VISCONTI DE DUVAL JOSE JACINTO VALENTE FARINA°. DON MANDEL DE I'..`ICTUOAL E CR.STRO. CONDE DE TOJAL. BARAD DE OVAL Then follows the decree, the first article of which is 1 . Tbat there be formed, in conjunction with the ministry of the kingdom, a commimion charged with the revision of ell sets of legislation, regulations, and provisional decrees relative to the right of election for deputies, and ulso to propose to the government. through the some ministry, m I reject of electoral law conformable to the provisions of the c tnstitutional charter of the Portuguese monarchy, in har m soy with the principles acknowledged (consignation) in the . royal proclamation of the 6th October, 1846, published in tie Diario do Goterno, No. 236, and with thme which are t wn , peunded in the memorial which precedes this decree. TI to second article appoints the mentbcreof the cora misalmt. who consist of Viscount de Laborim, the Pre sident ot•the Supreme Tribunal of Justice, and several members of the council. The Secretary of State for the Homi • Department is to be the president of the commiaion.. The decree is signed by the queen and all the ministers. The quee, a's cause continued much embarrassed for want of peel tniary means ; and the arrival of the last packet had d lapelled the last hope of a loan from England, Ma ars. Baring having prescribed the resto ration of pest c as a condition precedent to any ad vance. After a great deal of negotiation, it has been determined the a the British vessels laden with wine. seized by the I doe:fading squadron on their leaving the Douro, slia. l l uwait the decision of the commercial tribunal. Another account says that a communication was received by Sir H. Seymour, offering to give up the ships, upon the condition that the claim for de murrage, which had been notified on behalf of the owners, should be abandoned. They will, doubtless, be Pptedily released. Tae Infanta Anna de Jesus had arrived at Lisbon, in the packet from Cadiz, with a suite of six persons. Her journey from l'aris had been made with great rapidity. Since our previous accounts the queen's generals do not appear to have made any progress. Schwalbach was taking his case in the Alsmtejo, and Saldanha remained inactive in his old quarters, and the only appearance of hostility, save that already noticed, was in the interior, where two slight skirmishes had taken place, in which the Septembrist troops had come off victorious. The feeling of opposition to the shipping of grain continued strong; and both at Vigo and Corunna riots had taken place; latterly, however, quiet had been somewhat restored. The Madrid does not bring any news of the Tweed. There is a fort nightly mail from Havannah and Campeachy to Cadiz, bat it had not arrived when the Maclnd left. The Oporto Nacional of the 24th of March con tains a note said to have been addressed by the British Secretary of Legation at Lisbon to the go vernment of Donna Maria, on the subject of the Torres Vedraa prisoners The following is a trans lation: The great anxiety which animotes my sovereign for the prosperity and welfare of her majesty the Queen of Portu gal, and the repeated instructions which I have received from the principal secretary of state for foreign affairs to support on all occasions a sound ►nd permanent arrargement of the civil dissensions which unhappily exist in this country, and to remind the government of her most faithful majesty of the neceisity of following a mild and conciliatory policy, compel ma to address myself on this occasion to your excel lency., affected u I am by a deep sense of duty to my govern ment, as well as with the ardent hope of arresting the com pletion of an act from whence the greatest evils may arise to the cause of the august sovereign who occupies the throne of this kingilom. I am informed that it is the intention of the government of her most faithful majesty to send to Africa the principal personnes who were lately made prisoners at Torres Vedraa, and who are at present on board a brig of war ready to sail for that dreadful coast, confined in the hold of that vessel, as if they were condanned malefactors, deserving of such treatment. It does not belong to me to recal to the government el' her men faithful majesty the probable result of this cruel measure on the actual state of the public mind of this coun try. I believe tbnt the government is not insensible of the irritation which it must excite in all who lament the lot of unhappy prisoners thus condemned to a slow and aimed cer tain death. or of the possibility of a similar fate twilling the noble and faithful subjects of her majesty who are nt present captive in the hands of the Oporto insurgent+ Th. cons.. quenCes of the said measure, and the responsibility arising from it, belong altogether to the actual tuinistees of her most faithful majesty ; but I feel that it is my duty to forewarn the government of the manner in which such an act of severity will probably be received by the most decided friends of the court of Portugal in the kingdom of her most faithful micesty's oldest and assured ally. With respect to my government, I an fully authorised to state that such pro. es-dings will cause the most profound and *telemeter:A ; and I know too well my fellow country. men not to believe that the banishmentof the persons alluded to, victims as they arc of civil dissensions, prisoners with the henaan of War under a capitulation, untried, to the un healthy coast of Africa, like captives on board a slave-ship. will create but one sentiment of honor in the humane and enliehten^d people of England, mil alienate the sympathies which ex"st in favour of the cause of her most faithful majesty, and indispose them to offer such succours se might be given to this kingdom and its august sovereigns. I trust, however, that these my reflections on the anusl circum stances of the country will be taken into due consideration by the government of her most faithful majesty. I must, moreover, say that the knowledge of this crust mowers will undoubtedly produce in my government, not only the deepest regret, but the greatest astonishment, be- Musa I kuow from an elevated personage that the intentions of her most faithful majesty towards those unhappy people wire of the most benevolent nature. For that reason I make this communication, not only from feeling, of humanity, but of sound policy clemency being ever considered the principal base of the deliberations of princes. It is said that an attempt to escape hascausedthis locoweed seyerily towards those prnonen; but I only know of that dated with the Apothecaries' Company because the law compels them, and they are determined to steer • gle on, and, if possible, force the College of Sae geollll to admit the great error of the charter of 1843, retrace their steps, and show a more liberal course of conduct towards its members. We admire the spirit which this evinces, but it shows little knowledge of the nature of that terrible infatua tion which seizes upon all privileged bodies when their own selfish ends are in view. We heartily sympathise with the members of 'the National Institute, and believe that, if they can ware the suf frages of the general practitioners throughout the country, they will, in carrying out their views, advance the position and character of the general practitioner. But the question comes, is the incsrporation of the general practitioners the end of all medical reform ? We thick not. One of our correspondeuts, who seems to regard such a measure as a panacea for all medical evils, speaks of " Scotch colleges which have a low reputation and lower funds," who sw ai up "English prac titioners by eertifying men of indifferent attainments to practise medicine." Is not this an evil to be re medied ? If they do not happen to practise legally in England, which we hold they ought to do, they at least practise Isgally in Scotland, and ought not the Scotch to be as imtch protected from ignorant and il literate practitioners as the English? Again, is it no evil that men who have graduated in our universi ties, or who have been licensed by colleges of physi cians and surgeons in cow part of the country, should have again to submit, at wreat loss of time and money, to other examinations hen they move to another part of the country? Is it nothing that a man who is licensed, after examination, to practise beyond the seven-mile-stone front London should, if he wish to practise within that seven-m ile-stone, be compelled by the college that gave ;dm his first hcense to submit to a second eta urination, on which he may be rejected and disgraced i These and many other evils would remain untoue.'sed by the incorpo ration of general practitioners, b st would be most effectually removed by Mr. IVAKLCI'S Registrati on Dill. We cannot be advecates of one body of medical practitioners against another: eireu.'ustanees have produced, and custom has sanctioned t be division of medical men into physicians, surgeons, and general practitioners ; and the great wisdom of .these classes would be to work in harmony, whilst the ,nublie must look to it that their interests do not suffer .hy the un happy rivalries and jealousies which exist amongst the various grades of medical men. Our Paris despatches of Monday have brow, ht no intelligence of general interest. The featly: ti of Easter was attended with the usual stagnatio ti of business. No journals were published in Paris on Monday. 'fhe Chamber of Commerce of Lyons has sent ran address to ministers in favour of the continuance the floe importation of animal food in every form • Nothing important occurred in the Chamber on Monday. In presenting his demand for a credit for the secret service, the Minister of the Interior laid much stress upon the disturbances in the provinces, and upon the evil purposes to which they were likely to be turned by seditious persons. The Bourse en Monday was stationary, with rather a favourable tendency for the account. The greatest apprehensions, however, continued to be entertained by some of the railway companies, and the announce ment which we made on a former day of the inten tions of some of the principal of them to wind up their affairs, abandon the enterprise, and sacrifice the caution money, is fully confirmed. The meeting of the Lyons Company will take place on the 19th, at which it seems probable that that company will bring its affairs to a termination, unless some unex pected intervention on the 'part of government should take place in the meanwhile. This, however, is ex tremely improbable. The despatches and journals of the 31st ult. from Madrid bring intelligence of the completion of the no w cabinet, by the appointment of M. Baamonde to th , .• Ministry of Grace and Justice. M. llaamonde, who is the rector of the university of Madrid, has always been a member of the Moderado psrty, but not of the same section as that with which the ministers Beirtvides and Mazarredo have acted. The three fractions, therefore, into which the Conservative majority are divided, are severally represented in the cabinet. On the 31st ult., the new President of tho Council met iced the corps diploneitique. It is said that the government will assume au imposing attitude to wards Portugal. Private letters say that the brother of M. Olozaga addressed to the queen a petition praying her Majesty to allow M. Olozaga to return to his country. Her Majesty, with her own hand, wrote upon the margin of the memorial the words, " Onierdido comoso yid." (the request is granted). The petition was then pre sented to the president of the council, who laid it before his colleagues. The ministry, before acting upon the order, waited on her Majesty, to ascertain from her own mouth whether this favour was her spontaneous act. The queen, it is said, replied in these words : " Yes, I do this spontaneously, wishing that we should all enter upon a new era of reconcilia tion and amnesty ; and, desiring to give the first example I have taken tao initiative of pardon and oblivion." Such is the version of the affair which was circulated in the best informed circles on the 31st. General Cordova was definitively' appointed Cupt.- General of Madrid, General Orilao Inspector of Cara biniers, and General Manuel Concha Inspector of Infantry. The ministry hare commenced already their course of liberal policy by a reduction of 50 per cent. on the postage of journals. L' Union says that General Serrano has been con finial for some drys to his bed in consequence of a slight congestion of the brain. His indiaposition, however, is not considered serious. The 31st was a holiday at the Bone. PORTUGAL. Tho Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer, Madrid, arrived last evening at Southampton ; she brings news to the following dates : Gibraltar, March 28 ; Cadiz, 29 ; Lisbon, 31; Oporto, April 1; and Vigo, 2. The state of affairs at Oporto was much the name an that described in our last despatches. The expedition nominally fitted out for the Algerves, but suspected to be for some more important place, had succeeded in crossing the bar of the Douro, on the 29th, and was subsequently seen to pass Lisbon, going southward. The troops, according to last reports, had been, after all, landed at Prniehr, 4R miles north of L'abon ' an important fortress, which they captured after a sharp action with the queen's forces, in which the commander of the latter was killed. In the news from Lisbon there is some indication that the queen's government is disposed to adopt a more liberal course of policy, in which case much may be expected from the effect of British mediation. A royal decree has been issued countersigned by all the ministers, promising, on the restoration of peace, to convoke the Cortes, to whom the government will submit its past proceedings and such measures ea may be considered fitting - for improved legislation. In addition to this, committees have been appointed, which comprise the names of some liberal Chartists, charged with a reconstruction of the law of election for the Chamber of Deputies, and the revision of such ordinances as affect the pre s s, in order to secure greater freedom of opinion. Sr ddanha, too, has become more moderate, and con %.iescended to open negotiations with the inserts; not, however, with mach present prospect see eess. Presuming on some m;sandersta to exist between the Septembrist officers arrpo rt r ea to and the Miguelite leaders serving under the Junta, he issued a proclamation, inviting the former to separate themselves from the service of an usurper, and re turn to their loyalty, in which care he would goons- Institutiona!J THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, APRIL 7, 1847.