The Express. — London, England, 1852-07-12 00:00:00

Zite OVVveOL TO COB KIISPON DINTS. • gaped PdtiMs of " Tbe Ispeenk" ecateMbed the esebe Melee* " Worth.," le FAMINE may Tuesday sad Milky sleeks, la eiem kit pat. k .t.e3 tmeteele Weeded fee "TM Taprem." Wades Viola, pager, sum be et tee (Mee, Ile lemerimdrest, by Tye e'sbeek is ibe dky el mbelesties. NIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. toss Da—Norrim. M. to........Aiinres. M. P. Nwasim..—lisralaa. ILL 4a.---ationans.lll. 3k.. LONDON, MONDAY, JULY 12, Ir her ll.uzsrv's NH412'1224 and their follow ers were sincere converts to Free-trade,—as Mr. DISRAELI, Lord STANLEY, Lord JOCELYPt, and others would fahimake the towiipopulation believe— they would not labour like the HOME SECRETARY, at llolidhurst, on Friday, to spage the policy of 1846. Mr. WALPOLE had prepa re d statistics for the occasion, and went to work diligently and artistically to show that the policy of 1842, to which he and his friends gave their assent, was very beneficial, whilst the policy of 1846, which they opposed, was injurious. The right hon. gentleman states clearly and distinctly, that his party recognised, in 1842, the principle of commercial freedom ; but " they sup ported dutua on all articles of import"; and though he did not state, we know, that he and his friends deserted Sir ROBRIIT PEEL in 1846—and not before—, when, as the right hon. gentleman alleges, the duties were entirely taken away from a large number of small articles. From a Secretary of State appealing to public opinion with a view to enlighten it, we expect the strictest accuracy and the most scrupulous veracity. The facts, however, are that in 1844, the duty was removed from sheep's wool to the discontent of the Duke of RICHMOND, but with no opposition from Mr. Wst.ren.x's present allies; that in 1445, the duty on raw cotton, and the import duties on no fewer than 130 small articles were abolished, without any serious opposition on the part of the Tories, though Mr. MILES made a stand on the "great grease question." In that year the reduction of Cutouts duties was estimated by Sir ItorruT PEEL at 1,000,0001. In 1846 he pursued the same course as in 1842, 44, and 43, reducing or abolishing several of the duties he had left on in 1842, such u the duties on tallow, timber, woollen, linen, cotton, and silk manufactures, paper hangings, metals, carriages, candles. soaps, boots and shoes, hides, seeds, oil cakes, provisions, &c. ; but the chief object was to reduce or abolish duties which gave a "protection to the manufacturing classes." The loss to the revenue was estimated from the reductions of Customs duties, not, as Mr. WALPOLE says, at 1,250,0001., but 1,140.000/. Sir Itinitar PEEL pursued in 1846. in respect to ell these duties precisely the same course, and followed out the same principles in the same manner as in 1842, 1844, 1845. when he had the unanimous support of Mr. WALPOLE'S present friends. lint he was constrained by famine in 1848 to propose also an immediate reduction in the duties on corn and provide for their final abolition (except the ls. duty, which, it is hoped, the new Parliament will abolish), and then, and on this account, and not on account of abolishing the very small duties to which Mr. WALPOLE refers, did the present ministerial party desert him. From the support they gave him in 1844 and 1845 in abolish ing a great number of Customs duties, to ascribe their desertion of him in 1846 to the reduction of many small Customs duties is a mere pretext of the Hour. SECRETARY. Mr. WALPOLE having given " this perfect and just description of the policy established in 1842 and 1846, went on to contrast their effects,and contended that the former diminished pauperism and crime, which the policy of 1846 did not. That there might be no mistake on the subject, he had taken down the figures, and we beg to copy the whole statement, as a specimen of what a most respectable Tory Secre tary of State can do with statistics: l'hi• poor rates in 1845 were 6,791,0061. That Was lbe year before the repeal of the corn laws, and it wanted, about the same in the years 1843 and 1844, or two years after the new tariff of 1842. Now, what bad been the poor rate since Me corm iota pea been repealed, and daring the years 1847, 1848, end 1849 ? It was, as he had said, 6,791,0061. in 1845 ; in 1847 it was 6.966,8111. ; in 1848 it was 7,817,4301. ; and in 1849, 7,674,1461. Coatnet the figures, and then they would be enabled to tell whether the improved condition of the country arose from the one-sided policy of 1848, or the policy of 1842. The next thing was the state of crime, and he owned he was astonished when he looked at those returns. He would Like the three yearn following the policy of 1842. and the three years following the policy of 1846. Now, crime increased in this country up to the year 1842. From 1842 to 184.5, for the first time in the history of this country, crime, both in commitments and in convictions, was materially diminished. In 1843 the commitments were 29,691 ; in 1844, 26,542 ; and in 1813, 24,303. Now, since tbe policy of 1846, which was to give to the counts; corresponding sdvantsges, and when tiity ought to have expected a diminution of crime, they would find that in 1847 the siommitments were 28,833 ; is 1648, 30,119 ; and in 1849, 27,816. For the admission, too plain to be overlooked, that the principle of commercial freedom acted on in 1842 led, in two or three years, to a diminution of pauperism and of crime, we are thankful, whether it proceed from the candour or the inadvertence of the right honourable gentleman. lie establishes the fact, too, that such improvements do not take place the instant an act of parliament is passed, but after some months or years; and he gives us the opportu nity of reminding the reader that on every previous occasion, as in 182'2, 1831-2, whenever commercial restrictions were removed, and government tame abolished, the people made a start in prosperity and moral improvement, and went forward, till they were again impeded by other restrictions and other taxes, which they needs must get rid of before they can take a fresh start. But this otherwise um form progress, the SECRETARY of BTATE,= adrift our child-like faith in the in lity of cause and effect, assures ye was a- versed in 1846. There was theft ea eilitise commercial freedom; them the mesh= sew ad& fled and prospectively abolished i bat the according to Mr. WALPOLE, was an If— perism and crime. It will be observed, however, that while A, gni elects of the changes in 1842 were not imateaseall, brought about se by enchsntseat, the evil eibile the laws of 1846 are supposed to be reeelheleil In stantly in 1847. It is surprising also te Sad dim attributed to the reduction of small dada% the *nes in the corn laws, but it would baw l = email, reverting logic of the Home SECRET= le hen Wowed the increase of commitments and et per in 1847 to the abolition of the law, vim = corn sok pieta on February let, 1849. He is oareid, thus ii :n ry nt a =g of the abolition for which Se sacrificed their great leader, and is emselpp eissild to attribute the evils of 1847-69 to lbeeibsrlw dung "small duties." Prosperity mid impend tin i did ensue in 1644-6, as stated by Mr. WALPOLE ; but Sir R. Pal. was twitted by the Tides in 1846 with the excellent harvest of the preying cycle es having ow triSuted more to the im t thas his They will not presume, t to ink— Mr. 'Wm.rotx conveniently imt, the Meets e[ potato rot in 1845-6, of the pee Ass of smelt rash railway speculation. md et the neseratile bank ruptcy of 1847, which assure en awe dibelnelly he the anbmniat leerier d papdam ad abbe Lbws M&lrnarot.e's redestine s( °me &lee flue wee a ammetity, se everybody hot the lions SECORTARY rashly knows, to pass the e up Ad," in ease to settle the bedevil albite et scene of ?silvers, fir witidi knedielis et ninny capital had bum want, to the OW bow, doll calm ea abiding ea yet by air bp MA ad spasladoa my be melba bp dm Ira d tea, wash Mr. WARPOLI applaud', Ina tree hint the palsy of 1846 wag glad 80, 1 be ameihnsea le - reesesessee el the Woe the Week ate peke of wheat rase is the 111‘ 'Fmk of 1647 to 102 a. 6d., and was es the sweep of the whisk6Bs. Pd. There wee then a dearth solunt the repos' of the men laws hem eabessprently suarded an, end to that, nith general bankruptcy, et ie the alteration er we small dodo. is the imam of criesinalagto INS to be andbaL Is 166 4 4 ibdo eeneits, was dad by was ado= saw& ad add absilha fan abbb • soar Freedseis, tiles neil the Noma SIONETARY of = e t Y ard:i livil a eaeribee the Wrens of edam in 1848 to the ram of 1848. hullai i =az i plying statisti cs wadi big disraes lel and dullest pollard quack--la • barotay d Sato it is either gross i a wilbd amyl to mislead, each of whirriurimikp unpardonable. This is not all—more is probably in possession ol 1831, and knows whether easiest in that your or not. dared them, but he does strengthened his case. Set only in possession ECRETARY stops with 184 u. the eeentry had begun to mover of the previous years, the nue had fallen from the maximum upwards of 9 per cant.; and in 1860 they fell 'still further, to 28,813, or nearly 4 per cent. additional. Of this further rednetim, though it otsgla at least to have been known to the HOME SECRETARY, in whose department it is, and it has been stated in several journals, be takes no notice, and actually mcribee to the policy of 1846 an increase of criminality whisk bas no existence. A similar fact is observable in his poor law eta tisties. It is true that in 1849 the sea raised sad expended under the head poor rates was 7,674,1464 There our ingenious SECRETARY stops. A return however, waslaid before the Moue of Commas last May, which states the same expenditure for 1860 at 7,270,4931., and for 1851 at 6,778,914/., being lower in 1851 than the poor rates of the SacanThirs pattern year, 1845. Now, this expenditure embraces the gross amount of the sums levied under the head of poor rate, and includes eminty and borough rates, police rate, and all the establish ment charges, which may remain unaltered or be in creased while the number of poor is diminished. As an index to the diminution of pauperism, the totals stated by the SECRETARY are delusive. Hut how great was that diminution between 1841 and 1851 we showed on the sth instant; we shall now confine ourselves to the decrease since 1849. We copy the following figures from rtturns laid before the Home of Commons. Number of able-bodied poor relieved in England and Wales oa the let of July : 1849 161,369 IMO 139.112 1851 131,209 showing a decrease in ABLE-BODIED PAUPERS of 25,441 in 1830, and a further decrease of 8,903 in 1831. A recent return, laid before the House by Sir Joint TROLLOP!, but not similar to the former returns—the statistical department of the govern ' ment being disgracefully imperfect and inconsstent— gives the whole expenditure for in and out-door maintenance of the poor in the half-year ending Lady-day 1851 1,678,065 18.52 1,620,647 a reduction of expense in 1832 as compared to 1851 of 51,4181. for the maintenance of the poor; showing that the reduction in pauperism which began in 1830, within one year titer the repeal of the corn laws, continues in 1852. If our HOME SECRETARY had been truthfully taking a statesman's part, ho would have mentioned these facts to his Midhurst constituents, but as he was only advocating the cause of a discredited faction, he concealed facts that told against his statement, and tried to make the false appear to be the true. We have now done with Mr. WAtrote. He has the character of being one of the most discreet and worthy of her Majesty's ministers; and if such be the best sample, what must be the rest ? He quotes Scripture, and tells us to look to men, not to mea sures. We take his advice, and hold him up—igno rant, uncandid, disingenuous, deceitful, bigoted, and mischievous, as the type of that " Protestant Conser vative party," of which he is one of the chief leaders. FRANCE. PARIS, SATURDAY. The shower of stones with which the navvies about Victry greeted the General St. Arnaud in his rides having poisoned the rural leisure of that mien ter, he is returned to Paris to relieve his colleague, M. Dunn, of the interim charge of the ministry of war. A decree to this effect appears in the Moniteur. The official journal contains nothing besides of inte rest, if we except some symptoms of rigour in the declared resolution to carry out the sentences of death pronounced by courts-martial in Africa. One of these IB a military crime, the murder or a corporal, for which three common soldiers were condemned to death. The trial has been revised at Paris, but no extenuating circumstances have been disoovered to mitigate the extreme sentence. I mentioned some time ago that it was the inten tion of the President to raise M. de Pareigny to the dignity of count. I hear that during these last days a decree has been signed to this e ff ect, which will shortly appear io the Mossitessr. Apropos of the August fetes, it is said that the marshals' batons, which were not distributed, according to expecta tion, at the fete des aigles, will be bestowed on the occasion of the Emperor's birthday. St. Arnaud, Magnin, and others are talked of as on the point of being elevated to this dignity. A &natus Consultum, dated from St. Cloud, July 7, is published to-day in the Bulletin de Lois. It declares that the nght of shooting, hunting, and fishing conferred upon the President of the Republic by a former Senates Conseltem of April 1, extends to certain forests, farms, and ponds which it specifies. I have looked through the constitution, with a view to find out the article upon which this exercise alike functions of the Senate is based, bat without swam The Pre•ident is in possession of the royal palaces by a title which must for the meant be taken to be indisputable. But if there be any question as to the extent of the privileges appertaining to them it might be thought that the courts of law would naturally be called upon to decide it. There is not a word in the constitution to give the Senate jurisdic tion in a matter of property. Despatches from M. Lamar, French ambassador at Vienna, have been received, in whisk he speaks of the grac i ous reception he has received ea his return from Count Buol; bat apparently it is sot M. Lacour's intention to accompany other stendmes of the diplomatic corps to do honour to the Hawses journey in Hungary. The strikes ciontinne at Mons sad St. Quads. At the latter place several fresh arrests hats bees made. The Pairie says it is moored that the Rumba government has made known to its agents abroad that all nations may mend their productions to the great universal exhibition, which is to be held at Moscow towards the end of 1832 ; but they will be required to submit to the laws of the empire, and to the ed special regulations which have been deter min mt. SUNDAY. It is settled that four of the ministers are to acoom pany the President on his Strasbourg trip. MM. Biwa; minister of finances, Lefebvre-Durufle, mi nister of public works, Casablanca, minister of state, and Deem, 'sinister of marine, are the members of the cabinet chosen for this office. Magpie is to keep a good look ont at Paris during the absence of the had of the state, a task all the easier, as the ca pital shows no more signs of life during theme dog days than a Turk during Ramaxan. M. d e Persigny is busy framing a list of mayors and their deputies. M. Renal is preparing himself for the sitting of the Council of In struction, at which no doubt the question of classi cal studies will be raked up. General St. Armand would be out of place on so peaceful an occasion ss the inauguration of a railroad. Such are the resesus given for leaving behind the latter half of the cabinet. The • invitations are not issued, as as former occasions, by the Minister of Public Wad*, but by the managing committee of the railway. A project is preparing in the government eases for the establishment of a central railway bank. One feature of this plan, which has been recently siva cated by the Steele, is to suppress the intervention of agess-&-ehange for the transfer of railway shares, and to divert to the treasury, in the shape of a tax, all the fees forffinferning seek operations. It appears thin Austria and Frame are best aps• the dinsetstnreasat of the Swiss confederation. Oar- Min it is that egotistical. have been - guing tut be twcen them two °surto relative to the ftmsh pro ect of annexing the calm& impulatissis of th e Jura, whir& were Gam under Me sway. Airdrie, upon her ide, would be golly glad to swum the Tessin mod other 4.161111 MOM s but, being bound by stricter mipurscasata them France towards the other Emma oblosto to the dismem berment Woo detwohod portions oftho Swiss eon Mretisu be desired a neutral under the collective protectorate of the catholic powers. The Mondeur de PArmee notices tho statements of posts dualists the Osneeil of &Ow It appears that the co wl= asopsomil• lifth-palliftheir eatery to the feeds ets MOW society men theentivee. This aNii reeretulater ledri i =rus, at pre sent es home of hot jamb ster- I ells. Ths reedire with Or wirier lie tilts of the Bosky t big the direeter et the psalm is opposed to this rut wants the institutive to remain as the saw isdng The onsoncement in the Daily Nein, of July 9, ,that the French government is disposed to negotiate for a liberal commercial treaty with England, is quoted in all the papers, and has excited etiesties. The paragraph has provoked the foi r l r o c i e vt kg ion of protectionist alarm from the , a journal happily without any official eathoity or influence: • mdlastlea of the enormous import duties paid in fl ague French wines is doubtless desirable, although in "beef aB that may be professed by a certain school, the reduction can never have the effect of rendering the con sumption of these wines general among our aeiglibours on the other side of the channel, and of thus assuring any con siderable market for our producers. But, however this may be, the special and very limited advantages that might result from this reduction, must not be purchased by the universal ruin of oar natiousl industry, and this ruin would be the inevitable tionsequence of the reduction upon the "principal English articks," of which the Daily News speaks. The diseerrablie is probably not aware that so long ass is the time of Queen Elizabeth, French wino in quart measures was the common drink of the osehanics of London. This fact is chronicled in ektistally in the famous monument of English juris called the " Six Carpenters' Case," reported lead Coke. If the duties were now to be re lOWA tir greatly reduced there can be no doubt that the eertramption would enormously increase, and in all rastability the Elizabethan custom woul d speedily revive. I would suggest to those British farmers who may fear that a taste for French wines might lead to a falling off in the demand for malt and hops, that the French aregrcatadmirers of English beer, and the exportation from London so considerably aug mented of late years, is yet but in its infancy. More over, the wino growers of Burgundy and Bordeaux only require facilities of exchange to become buyers of Cheshire, Gloucester, and Wiltshire cheeses, with which France has nothing to compare ; and, although the rare produce of the Itoquefort caverns is perhaps equal in quality to Stilton acd Cuttenham, there is variety of tastes enough to furnish a market for all of them. As to the " inevitable ruin" to French in dustry by the introduction, on reciprocal terms, of English manufactures, the argument is somewhat inconsistent with the superiority so generally asserted by the French to have been proved by them at the' London exhibition. These and a host of other analo- gods considerations may, it is to be hoped, calm idle apprehensions on either side of the water. - The government has ordered a lino to be surveyed between Nancy and Dijon, with the view of effecting a junction at those points between the Strasbourg and Lyons railways. This important section is intended to branch off from the Strasbourg line within a few kilometers of Nancy, to pass through a tunnel under tho neck of the Corbeaux, to descend towards the Moselle, and then passing by Epinal, to proceed be tween Chaurnourcy and Girancourt to Couffans, and thence by Velorcey, le Vsl Saint Eloy, Velma!, Raze, Velexon, Gray, Essertenne, and Huge, to Dijon. The length of this branch will be 2.10 kilometers, and the estimated cost 90 millions of francs. Among the persons who are to accompany M. Lavalett. to Constantinople, I observe the name of M Boilay, the well-known resdacteur of the anti tutionnel, and now secretary-general to the Council of State. M. Lavalette will embark at Toulon to morrow. The stay of the Charlemagne at Constan tinople will not, it is said, exceed six dap. The ministerial Cbrrespolicknce of Paris announces that General Changarnier was still at Berlin on the Bth, and that he had received from the Austrian am baasador such hints as had determined him to give l up his intended journey to Vienna. The ex-com mander-in-chief of the army of Paris has, therefore, modified his itinerary accordingly. lie left Berlin on the 9th for Dr esd en, and will proceed thence to Munich and the Tyrol. 1) ato COMOZRETA filiTeral jFilvials th a t irnantitimtof eamemgrusel of the • , return ' ye beim dthivey I ronsf•tbe magasiae e m be er the i te • (hal Messy to Com c, an*proseaucce the to not. 1141 ha, be greatly imaggerated. The beggar, seat by order lees sot . I ke would if t of the minister of w v a a ttnsists el &jaw tents nines- Th 6 puiMe , bowkver , 16 1 6 • vary foe the smite exerclom et the garrison of those of 1850, Lid 'the troops of Compiegne. i 1849. In that year, when The Momiteur announces that the bask of France to recover frogs the disasters ha s established a brash at Amiens. he number of commitments A dispute has arisen between the director of the cimum in 1848 to 27,818, or posts and the Tariffs, which will be referred for .... SWITZERLAND. BERNE, Jtax 9. The National Council yesterday voted, by a large majority, that thtr construction and working of rail ways upon the federal territory should be considered as cantonal affairs, and might conceded to private industry. This was against the opinion of the majority of the committee, who reported io favour of the principle of construction by the state. The New Zurich Gacette gives the following de tails of the great meeting at Valengin (NevaMtel) , on the 6th inst.: The republicans of Neetaidtel asseeshied eataide the town as eady me els is the stereiag. They seaseated to about 4,000 perms, sail presorted to seam to Valise/I. This wham Blade a esairdwahle &tear, is order to mid Intatiag the loyalist party, sea esilisisa weight be the sew swam. They lbw peetweisd teVeataise, the chief town et the Val de Ras, whose they wise Maul by the republi• ease et the valley, teem diem they washed ea liketbell, liars, where the Mamas of LashwasdwFwatle lamb Sn ows, sad ell the valley et Trams had iteiried. Thus united lute a Nowt new they arrived, emir the direc tion of Wesel Stanek'', at the plea of meet* den to Wine& The melbas had Wham ay their station in the adielatey warabsw. These were a number of wawa sod diadem s_sag the eatedisse ea both sides. A shad had bean seated he the eawatewel awned' sad the speaken. There wen slither Wade of meets, nor elayhti, ave sebum By eight Vale* *She grouwil wee co wed with potpie, bat as a semnimery ef the geweeineat waste he prime ke wee wailed sir said sine Vele* h e by babilast eleven marbles wee lialdied. Thepseitlea et die lepahlleasi wee nes* appeelse c ::e... when the rwere Widened. In seeable shoat Ow ente itis d the Ogled C sad bh W hat a_ very peat deal et weal& ia nag*, the people ea the Indira greawl. It is sapper that betimes UN sari PAN peewee were pruset. Thestand was area. ateneed whh Ner IS. Alakkie Hatabeet epees& the sit , tins. H• wee hilawed ie l t /ILAngesee larabley, whipreposed lyThe pawl e •t smumbiell &ey st &doe Se the Ilse heaven lad et God, that they wls is nerds Swim, mad whine bet Swiss ; that they with to weintsia the regallie ifettlaktel ; that they pretest is Shaunnessy's* newest wig meseeree, whalaver art Tea/ kr thl shiest et vslish is rayedble the weeklies Oise be Harsh sad its eassegasweee ; all that they midst sash measures as Mabel ad mall. =Waal. Ilds b.what the eadarsigaed demises end Weft by their alpalweek wad they Wee the _eapieestat le heat it to be reepeetrl by all She mow in their pewer.-111gaed in the Owe reiesting et the_pipaler swesaibly, seer Va lonia, the ethe: 2 nb didaeallsa was agreed to, and Immediately ai the mallieren peeseat.— M. Philippea wade a sees* of s etzewelyripah. Ikea ohaneter, darkly whielthe vu lessetime by the roysibte, who were iepleed le by hisses, ll= tank they ailed " Vire le Bel!" This ay exasperated the republime, sod there esneased seen individual eueswa taw, whith petneward the speaker has Wag an beard. WNW Otornaletor sad the plebes et Foods seseemisd, with the sid of the swiesees burro % is ternimiles the mann The meek thew sepseated ia good Iseder, and it wee thee& that the reel if He day weal pew ever trawpailly. The remehaten vehith was signed by the repahisew pasty was treamitlei afterwards to vedette esesdb albs Wandeeetten. The BM" air Swam tap that the Foreign ogles prettied hes been brought to the know ledp of the members of the Federal Council, bat only essldestially. The protocol, it is observed, is of very little signiileasee, gime it merely rem* a resolution on the part of ' the powers that, if even the question of Nenfe.hitel is raised, it shell be dealt with on the basis of the treaties of 1815. The Swim publicists do not for a moment admit that these treatise assure sovereign right to the King of Prussia. ITALY. THE CASE OF MR. MURRAY. ROME, JULY 4. If his Holiness is really resolved to make use of his sovereign prerogative of mercy, in the case of Edward Murray, it would be gratifying to see him us a little more expedition in the matter; but hitherto I regret not to have been able to inform you of his having come to any resolution. Persons com petent to form an opinion on the ristretto or sum mary of the proceedings prepared for his nolinese's perusal, say that the presentation of that document is a mere farce, as a summary can always be dished up. M , suit the political taste of the sunder; and, theveiese, lord Dudley Stuart is quit to de- ' mend a view of th e whole processo, *Shout which ' no just inference ma be drawn, and without which' the British public should not rest satisfied. Mr. Moose, the British consul at Anoona, saw Murray in the beginning of this week, in his new place of confinement, for he has at last been removed to a tatter sell, and ersequentiy feels much im proved in health, and is beginning to experience a return of appetite, which proves the unwholesome ness*: his Milner prison, notwithstanding Cardinal &ntonolli's good joke ab out the selabrity of Ancona air. It is Murray's present intention not to accept of a free pardon, and so tacitly admit the Justice of the charges brought against him; but, if set at literty, he will demand a fair and open investigation of his caw before the ordinary tribunals of the coun• try. He wrote an open letter to hie mother about the middle of last month, through the medium of Monsignor Amici, the papal commissary of LS Mares, but she had not received it a few days ago, although forwarded in that scrupulously legal mode. PIEDMONT. TURIN, JULT 8. M. de Lamormara has been appointed minister at war ad inkrim during the temporary absence of M. d'Ar.eglio. BELGIUM. The Belgian Monitcur states that the neigh's' Ministry hu resigned. GERMANY. PRUSSIA. The Emperor of Russia arrived on the 10th inaL at Berlin. TURKEY. The Constantinople correspondent of the Comeau- Gunnel, writing on the 25th ult., says: " Count Buol has declared to the Porte that he will not revive any of the old grievances of his predecessor, that the past shall not be thought of, and that henceforth his rela tions with the Turkish government shall be governed by the conduct which Turkey may adopt towards Austria. The Porte hu replied to this declaration with much courtesy and frankness, and the two cabinets are now on the best terms." THE EXPRESS. MONDAY }, JULY 12, 1852. BRAZILS. Her Majesty's store-ship Tyne, Master-Commander Peter Wellington, arrived in Plymouth Sound yester day, on return from supplying the African and American squadrons. Last from Janeiro. in 47 days, one week later than the Teviot, the last mail home. She brings on merchants' account 1,0001. specie. Exchanges at Rio, 261 to 261, 60 days' sight ; stock, 104. Freight : London and Liverpool, 205., 235. ; Antwerp, 305., 325. 6d. In the House of Assembly, on the 10th of May, on the conclusion of the second part of the order of the day the territorial question between Parana and Marantam was arranged by incorporating the terri tory between the two rivers, one of which serves as the boundary between the two provinces. Nine of Sir Harry Smith's horses from the Cape were about to be sold by auction at Rio. Her Majesty's ships Centaur and Crescent were at Rio. Centaur all well, but fever had made its appearance in the Crescent. LATER FROM AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE EUROPA. By the arrival at Liverpool, at ono o'clock yester day afternoon, of the Royal Mail steamship Europa, Captain Loft, we have received New York letters and papers to the 30th ult. inclusive, on which day, at noon, the Europa sailed, with 121 passengers and 404,000 dollars in specie on freight. The Royal Mail steamer Africa was passed within six hears' sail of New York, and on the 7th inst. the Europa the Asia steamer, of the sam e li ne , and on t h e morning of the 10th the screw steam ship City of Glasgow. By this arrival wo have two weeks' later intelli gence from California, than previously received in England. We have also a few days' later dates from the Isthmus of Panama and from the Sandwich Islands. 13yadespatch from Washington, we learn that the Hon. Henry Clay expired in that city shortly after eleven o'clock in the forenoon of the 29th ult. Most of the New York papers of the 30th appear in deep mourning, and the telegraphic accounts front Phila delphia, Rochester, Albany, Harrisburg, Pittsburg, Baltimore, Buffalo, and a number of other important towns and cities, announce the prevalence of a gene ral gloom on receipt of the intelligence; which, how ever, had for some time past been expected. Flags were flying at half-mast in all the harbours and pub lic places, and in some of the towns the stored were closed and the courts adjourned from respect to the memory of the dressed statesman. The funeral was to take place at Washington on the let of July. The New York Merin sad Enquirer says : We learn that all sawn of misundentandiag or missy =sibetween . Clay and Crittesi, arising bel s :ruled..., were most happily and sags- Isolorily squad two weeks ago. Mr. Clage a lesession pintito make this memmumemsat to his sa d ex mhiesseW semisolid that Mr. Ceittendem suffered at their Made. For two days pest Mr. Clay spoke bat little, so be Mewed ender extreme r y e and the effects of the assays* administered by il5 Origin. His mind wands's' somewhat at time, bat wins named front its lethargy was slier and fon:ibis se ever. Eli worldly affairs were wisely arranged bog ego, se that towards the claw of his life be had no ears apes his heart, and de voted his whole time to the pregeradea kr the future. General Scott, the newly elected Whig nominee for the office of President, having been reported to be a Roman Catholic, the New York Trilogies stated that unless the gassed immediately answered the question, whether he belonged to that church or not, it would mated* sabot the chances of his election, General Scott's Mende_ published the following pas , sage from a former &toleration of the candidate for the Presidency : I sin happy to se* by the Philadelphia National American that religion is to be essluded as • party element. frXskprotestant as I am, both by birth and emaciation, ilever consent to a petty or state religion. Reli gion Is too sacred a thing to be mingled up with either. It should always be kept between each individual and his God, except ia the way of reams and gentle persuasions as in fsmilies, .Lurches, and other occasions of voluntary atten dance after years of discretion, or meiproeal mast. The decision in the ease of Thomas Koine, claimed by the British government under the extradition treaty on a charge of having attempted the life of Mr. Balk, a farmer in Westmeath, Ireland, was looked forward to with great anxiety. Large rot" of persons assembled in the vicinity of the United States Courts on Monday morning, and from the symptoms that appeared the authorities deemed it prudent not to bring the prisoner from the Tombs, lest violence might be attempted. At a late hour the decision was rendered by the commissiener, without the preeenee of the Gamed, and his extradition now remains for the istilleatien of the seerstry of state. The authorities seri the Herald) will require to be prompt and r they have hmetelbre been, to avoid the et a ree =Ohba on the part certain of a of the Irish population. (ty The 0011101/1111101111eil MINIM MSS: at very great length. Its embalm was an . I be,. sensidseed the objestleas taken, and not h e y e t o b. c=rdl, wish easeful deliberation.= an envious ea the ens aide, to do everything by the iatorealo *re, ad a Mecham, ia 14•1= the sewed elidgelisas if ear treaty arieniatian; and in the other, to de awning Mean heat with a peeper ewe' to the security of puma liberty. Oa the whoa, T am of opinion that the papers sawed in proof in the emu are properly authentisaied, sad, as the evidence !tell, is my view, is surreient to seem& the prisoner had eke sires been committed here, I hal it my duty to sentry tholes oeediage had before mat to the secretary of stale of the United States, in whom h wined the power, 2 o t:treaty, to issue • warrant for the enesdition of the p . From Mexico city we have advice@ to the Bth, and Vera Cruz, to the 12th of June. The papers are tilled with rumours of an intended coup crane by President Arista, for the purpose of assuming despotic power. The British minister is said to have departed for London, owing to serious misunder- 1 standing with the President. Congress adjourned on the 21st of May. There is no confirmation of the signing of Colonel Sloe's Tehuantepec contract. The merchants of Vera Crux had, by a decree, been per mitted to re-export their goods brought from foretgn • ports, from the let of December to the 20th of May, on Which the duties have not been paid. A de tention against direct contributions had taken at Mazatlan. A meeting of the holders of for tho home debt had taken plata The holders or the national securities intended to protest against the new law regulating public credit. The citizens of Vera Cruz had by a kind of prostunciamento com pelled the authorities to allow the importation of 3,000 barrels of flour at a moderate duty. Other towns had made a similar movement. _ _ _ The statement that the independence' of San Juan de Nicaragua has been acknowledged by the British government is contradicted by the Notional latelli 'nicer, which says : If we are correctly informed, the basis of a convention lately agreed upon here between our Secretary of State and the minister of England, and sent out by commissiooen for the decision of the government of Nicaragua end Costa Elea, did not embrace the independence of the important port of San Juan ; on the contrary, we have understood that basis proposed to concede the city of San Juan to the exclusive possession of Nicaragua, she paying to the Mosquito Inciars a stipulated sum for the relinquishment of their title. Thos. Rodney Cowan , Esq., having been appointed by her Britannic Majesty, vice-eousul at Chagres and Navy Bay, has received his eregnator from the government of New Grenada, and is now in the dis charge of the responsible duties attaching to his office. Mr. Cowan acts as agent for the Royal West India Packet Company at the above-named places . _ _ Gen. Anotonio Morales, the commandante of the Isthmus of Panama, died in Panama, June 7, after a lingering illness, at the ago of eighty years. Information has been received at Panama convey ing the intelligence that the I'cruvian steam cor vette &mac, General Dente, had arrived from Callao, at Guayaquil, and that after a consultation with Flores, the General returned to Callao, to make ar rangements to come back again immediately with a stronger force, to assist General Flores in his present invasion. It was further stated that General Flores will com mence hie attack on Guayaquil as soon as the neces sary assistance arrives from Peru, and from what we can learn, we shall soon have some very exciting intelligence in reference to this long pending affair. The opinion is that Flores, assisted by Peru, will have little difficulty in making an easy conquest of Ecuador. The California news by the Crescent City furnishes some interesting items, of which the principal is the arrival of 2,500,000 dela. in gold. A largo public meeting of the San Francisco merchants has been held in that city to protest against the tax upon consigned goods as imposed by tho Revenue laws. Stringent resolutions were passed in opposition to their enact ment, and for the protection of shippers of mer chandise in the Atlantic States. The conduct of certain Frenchmen in Sonora, Mexico, to a party of Americans in that state, has excited some ill-feeling in California, but it is probable the difficulty will be settled without further disturbance. The usual chapter of crimes and casualties is reported by this arrival. The mining intelligence continues to be very favourable. A litter says: A gelid lump of gold, weighing sixty-nine ounces, four diets. and six grains, has been dug up in the main street of Sonora, by a party of miners. It is of an irregular shape, about the sire of the palm of a man's hand, and is solid gold. The market value of gold dust has been offered and refused for it. The claim from which the above pieces were taken is in the very heart of Sonora, on a lot which fronts upon the main street. In all the gulches around Sonora the miners are still actively engaged in sluice wadiing. Those who have persevered alike through good and bad luck have generally been successful. One party of four men, with two small sluices, have been taking out from 12 to 18 ounces per day. The miners now do not confine their operations to the beds of creeks or gulches, but cut into the banks and hill-sides, and into flats beyond all pre cedent. Woods' Creek probably &Mad' employment to a greater number of miners than any stream in our country. The British ship Sir C. Napier, Captain Webster, had arrived at San Francisco, 90 days from Panama, with 18 cabin passengers and 156 steerage. When out one week front Panama, the measles, dysentery, and fever began to show themselves, and continued with more or less virulence for about three weeks, in which time no less than thirty-six were consigned to the deep. A succession of calms, common near the equator, no doubt caused this great mortality, as the heat at that time was most excessive. Although the passage was ninety days from port to port, there were not thirty of thorn on which there was wind enough to keep her sails full. All appearance of disease left the vessel some weeks previous to her arrival in port. Another rich quartz vein has been discovered in French Gulch, the work from which is said to yield 20c. the pound. The Shasta Courier says that it the working of these quartz leads should be properly superintended, handsome fortunes will be realised from them in a short time. During a single day the Cold Run and Merrimuk Qartz Mill crushed 15 tone of rocks, from which they took out 114 ounces of amalgam, worth about 1,000 dole., or 04; dots. per ton. This was exclusive of what remained in the mortars. The Slate Creek Company, consisting of six men, have been for some time past engaged in working a alnico about half a mile from Rough and Ready. They realised 400 dole., 673 dole., and 2,030 dole., on three successive days of the last week. Gold-bearing quartz has been discoved in Queen Charlotte's Island, and a number of men are now en• gaged in working the mines in that country. NEW YORK, Jose 30. A large amount of business was transacted at the Stock Exchange this morning, and all descriptions were buoyant. The influx of gold from California is so great compared with the exports, that capitalists are now seeking investments in something beyond merely speculative stocks. United States bonds and State securities are scares at our quotations, con sequently the attention of monied men is drawn to oar rail road bonds and mortgages, of which large sales are made. The demand for foreign exchange has been to a fair ex tent during the week, without any alteration in rates. We quote London, 110} to no} ; Pula, 5.16 f to 6.16 ; Amster dam, 40j to 4 1; Hamburgh, 36j to 36} ; Berman, 78j to 791 Frankfort, 40} to 40}. BREADSTUFP..—F or a week put • very quiet feeling has prevailed in tho market for breadstuff*, and influenced by continued unfavourable &deices from the English markets and somewhat heavy receipts for the season by the Erie Canal, the market has declined 12} cents per barrel on the shipping qualities since my report per Ales on the 16th instant. The late reduction in both freights and flour has had but little influence on the export trade; which is quite limited. For home use and the local wants, the demand i s ' study without being active, but priers in many cases are I irregular, owing to the conditio n o f th e article and the anxiety of holders to realise on a dull market. For wheat, good shipping lots, (which an not plenty) are still wanted asßaglish freights are obtainable, and holden are some- 1 what firm without much change in prices. Corms.—The advice, per Atlantic front Liverpool were more unfavourable than were generally anticipated, and prices fell off here }o. to 0. per lb. Holders, however, are not willing to ell at any great extent at that reduction, and the market is unsettled. The bulk of the crop of 1851 has now gone forward, consequently but little altera tion in rates can be looked for. In the present state of the market the following quotations may be considered nomi nal. The sales of the last three days amounts to 3,000 bales. Other .. Infante Doodad Atlantic. lirse le de. Gulf Porto. owd ... ord. low to good to *I . nominal to SI Mid. low to goal_ 9 to 10 ... 9 to 111 to tog IVA. tar to fair —10 j 101 Ioj to II to 111 Palled+ togool do. —to —to —to Goat slew Pnovistoxs.—The market was rather inactive to-day, but we do not observe any change en prices. New mesa pork is held at dole. 26c., with small sales at that price. Prime le steady, at 17 dole. Beef is in good demand at previous rates. Mess including extra, 11 dole. 60c. to 16 dole. ; prime, 7 dole. 121 c. to 8 dole. Clear pork, 20 dole. 60c. to 21 dole. Beef e llarns, 17 dole. Cut meats are firmer ; shoulders, 80. to 81e. Hams, 9c. to 910. Lard in barrels, tote. to lop. NAVAL STORVA.—Rough turpentine is dull, and we do not hear of any sales to warrant an alteration in quotations. Spirits of turpentine is scarce, and commands 431 c. to 46e. Common rosin, 1 dol. 30e. to I dol. 40c. Faxtoirre.—Are dull. To Liverpool : Cotton, 6-32 d. to 3-16 d. ; dour, le. Heavy goods, 12s. &I, to 15s. per ton ; grain, 4d. per bushel. To London • Tobacco, 20s. to 251. psi? bled.; flour, Is. Gd. per barrel; turpentine 2s. per MOM. • measurement golds, 2os. to 30s. per toil ; heavy 1s oil, &c., 20e. per ton; beef, 3s. 6d. to 4s. • oil cake, per barrel. To Bane : Cotton, square 'bales, 6.16 to fc per lb. ; ashes, 6 dolt.. to 6 doh. par ton; rice, 7 deli. per ton; quercitron bark, 7 dole. per ten; measurement goods 8 doh. per ton; whalebone, ite., Ic. per lb. To Olasgisw : Flour, le. &I.; grain, 41d. ROYAL COLLEGE OF BUSOZON9.--The following gentlemen, having undergone the neoeleary examinations, were admitted inemben of the college on the 9th instant : Messrs. Frederic Carte; Birmingham; James Ford, Australis; Augustine Batt, Witney ; John Wells Fletcher, Earls Croome , Worcestershire ; William Bancroft, Wigan; Thomas Croudace, Sunderland; Alfred Adams Mantel!, Bitten, Gloucestershire; Griffith Griffith, Taltrowddyn, Merionethshire; WiUiam Waters, Lublin; and John Cawley, liedon, Yoskahire. t, THE WEST INDIA, PACIFIC AND MEXICAN MAILS . , The Royal West India mail-packet Th ames, egg G. Abbot, with the West India, Pacifi c , and Nlesicaa mails, arrivedat Southampton . un Saturday and landed them under the charge of L ieut. l'urver, 11N., Ad , miralty agent. Her dates of sailing are : Dem erara, 11th June; Ilarhadoes, 13 ; St. Lucia, 14 ; M art i. n ti i gus. que, 1 1 5 4 mDonomtieenirraguct: Nevin, slnittpc ; An. i St. Kitts, 15 ; St. Thomas, '43. Her cargo consisted of 100 boxes arrowroot, 21 scrolls indigo, 779 cochineal, 5 jalap, 21 bales sarsa parilla, 6 serons gum, 1 ditto India rubber, 7 e ases vanil;a, 6 hale. purge, 2 cases plants, 7 barrels ginger, 13 tierces co ec, 1 barrel pepp ers , 2 ea," silks, 1 box copper ores, 1 case turtle, 3 cast% pre serves, 22 packages and parcels sundries. Alist.let of specie :—From Tampico, 507,073 doll.; V era Cruz, 291,007 dots. ; Pacific, 542,700 dots. ; Spanish Main, 39,760 dol.. ; St. Thomas, 5,399 dull . ; t o t a l, 1,386,840 dole. The above is as follows :—ln bars and dollars, 988,603 dole. ; in gold and gold dust, 109,237 dole. ; total, 1,388,6.10. Out of whi c h 96,000 dollars are for the 'Mexican dividends. The Thames brought 67 saloon passengers, 6 invalids from the Great NVestern, :J from her Majesty's ship Rosamond, 7 from Nassau, and pa r t of the crew of the British barque Dile, Welsh master, wrecked on the Wood Cay reef on the 15th April, 1652. Amongst her passengers were, Dr. Steward, inspector-general, Dr. l.uidlaw, medical inspector, from liarbadoes; Captain Chernsidc, cap. taro R.A., from St. Vincent; Captain Berkley, cap. taro 37th regiment, from Trinidad; I.ient. Harvey, Bout. 69th regiment, Capt. Agnew, capt. 31th rep.. ment, from Barbadoes; Sir It. Horsford, chief pa. Gee, and Lady flomford, from Antigua; Dr. Robert son, surgeon, from Jamaica; Capt. Law, emu. ntith regiment, from Ilarbadrxs; It. Loyd, stiprudiary magistrate, from Dominica. PANAMA. Our correspondent at Panama writes as follows 00 the sth of June: " Respecting the very arbitrary attempt to detain the United States steamer, Quickstep, on the grounds of the intentions of her captain being to join and assist General Flores, it is said Mr. Cox, lam Majesty's consul at Guayaquil, and his partner, Mr. Game, United States consul there, have taken active parts with the poesent government of the Ecuador against General Flores, and the latter so much so as to influence the commander of the United States frigate lying at that port against the said general. It is generally expected that Flores has ere this pos. session of Guayaquil. "Mr. Mocatto, the agent of the Ecuadorian bond holders was at I'ayta, and proceeded to Guayaquil iu the steamer New Granada. " The United States mail steamer Oregon arrived on the Ist, with 4.541 passengers, and 1,600,00 dole, of which 223,53 N dots. is for England. No "WKS of importance. The Peninsular Steam Nutigation Company's steamer Santiago arrived on the 3rd, bringing 11 passengers and 233,691 dills. of specie and bullion for British account, not having touched in Buenaventura. The remittances from Panama amount to 40,213 dole. for Europe. " Great outrages are committed on the passengers when landing here from all parts, but principally en those from California, when the labourers on the beach commit the most barefaced robberies, and there is no redress, no order, and no police in this place, and the governor (Dias) is so very indifferent about these things that we should not be surprised to see the Americans take the law into their own hands in self-defence, and in defence of their property. " A passenger from the Winfield Scott had a par cel worth 3,000 dots. in gold dust stolen when land ing, and by a mere accident some five boxes of bullion were not stolen from the purser of the same steamer. A gentleman was severely wounded by the porters with a stone for not allowing them to take the boxes. " Business is very dull. "A law has passed to form a tribune of commerce here, and a law is projected to make the government of this isthmus independent in a great measure from Bogota, the capital." Another correspondent writes : " At Grey Town, on the evening of the 21th of May, there being at that time between four and five hundred Californian travellers staying there, await ing the arrival of one of the American passage steamers, four men broke into the house of a French man, who had also lately returned from California, and stole therefrom, 'as reported,' twenty-seven thousand dollars va:ue in gold dust, jewels, and cash. The same evening, three of the guilty party were apprehended, and confined in the police-station, the other having escaped up the river. They were tried by the mayor and other authorities of Grey Town, and sentenced to be hung. On the 31st May, at noon, the wretched men were taken in a cart to the place of execution. A scaffold having been erected in the forenoon a short dis tance from the town, on the beach facing the shipping, nearly every person in Grey Town was assembled to witness the ceremony, the greater portion being armed with the favourite weapon of the Californians, ' Colt's revolver,' to prevent any at tempt that might be made to rescue them by sonic as desperate and lawless as the wretched men about to undergo the extreme penalty of the law, " The feeling exhibited by the people was very bitter against them, so much so, that they threatened to execute them themselves if the authorities did not carry out the sen tence. However, tho authorities considering that one suffering as an example would be sufficient, one only was executed ; the other two were kept standing on the scaffold during the whole time their comrade was hanging (45 minutes), not knowing how soon the bolt might be removed, and they themselves launched into eternity. As soon as the corpse of the wretched man had been cut down, it was buried on the sea beach, 40 yards from the water ; the two remaining criminals were taken back to the police-station to undergo the punishment of a severe flogging—fifty lashes—and branded with the letter T on the palms of their right hands, as soon as their health would permit of their undergoing such punishment. " H.M. sloop Persian arrived at Grey Town from Blue Fields on the 30th May, having Mr. Green, the consul of the Mosquito territory, on board. H.M. steamer Alban arrived from Jamaica on the 2nd of June, with Commodore M'Quhar, expecting to have found the American commodore. WM. steamer Rosamond expected on the 11th June to relieve the Persian. The Commodore intended visiting Chagres and Carthagena before returning to Jamaica. " Every , one appears to be very anxious that the West India Mail steamers should go to Navy Bay in lieu of Chagres, as nearly all passengers landed at Chagres have to find their way to Navy Bay to pro ceed by the railroad, which continues to progress favourably." JAMAICA. The following are extracts from the summary of the Jamaica Standard of June 18 : The movement fur emigration to Australia is gathering fresh force. The party to which we alluded on Saturday we can now positi rely announce has been made up, and been compelled to refuse several applicants who have sought to join. One of our most eminent firms have sent to their agents in New York to secure &charter of • vessel of about three hundred tons, for the conveyance of the party to their destination. E. C. Carr, Esq., formerly largely engaged in the mercantile and agricultural affairs of the colony, and late member in the assembly for the parish of St. David, a highly enterprising and able gentleman, has gone to New York, to superintend the arrangements to he made in order to fit the vessel for the purposes for which she is re quired,—and he himself is one of the party compelled to abandon the country in which he has sacrificed the best years of his life, and been ruined in the bargain. The whole of this party is of high respectability. Another scheme is on foot for the purpose of making up another tarty of a hundred to go in a clipper-built ship of about 700 tons; and two or three days ago it was reported that eighty persons out of the hundred had already been en listed. We have no doubt that other schemes will spring up in a abort time; and not much more have we that if some prospects of auistance be not immediately afforded us, the colony will be literally abandoned. The small pox still continues among us in this city, in St. James, Manchester, and one or two other places. The type remains, we are happy to say, comparatively mild; and its extent is greatly limited in comparison with what might have been expected. We regret that we have not yet been able to obtain any authentic information as to the number of cases ; but we may mention that we have heard it reported that neither of two of the medical practitioners in the most exteasive practice in this city has lost a single patient by the disease:—one of the gentlemen alluded to being, beside his private practice, the medical attendant of the general penitentiary, in which are some four hundred prisoners. The measles are prevailing at Falmouth. Gold, it is said, has been discovered in Jamaica; but