The Express. — London, England, 1853-02-28 00:00:00

enneoo* TO CORILKSPON OMITS, AMs obd t • 'Am ;?;' iiitek"ipea , ibe row evesiriee Gap. ".. ribgthed *vet, lusedny sad rrtilay *alit, La tbas 110r - pee Th _ Ahem ,- A... , Intended fee 0 Tbe Fa mei . tortes Reeslog paper, art h..., •i,e . We% 10, BouveTio-.treet , by Two deb* es the day et {...biltatics. B DR WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. T Dalr—lloralm 54. 9.....„....Mtena055. SC Mi. tewit ',atm—iterates, Sa. 3I M. Aft 11111•••• M. Us. LON 'JO Y, MONDAY. FEBRUARY 28. r Tux Treaty of Commerce recently concluded be tween Austria and Prussia, comprehending, as it does, nearly all the other States of Germany, has a twofold significancy. Intrinsically considered, it is • gr . eat . fact in the history of industrial progress; extrinsically, it is a cause of political satisfaction and assurance to the rest of Europe. In it. economic aspect, the convention for twelve year. which has been concluded after such protracted 'egotist on, aid the ratification of which we shall probably be enabled to announce in a few days, must be regarded as a great though cautious step in the direction of Free Trade. From Trieste to Cologne, from Milan to Dantzig differential duties are to be abolished; and instead thereof a system of complete reciprocity is in future to be established. Raw materials of every descrip tion are to pus from one territory to another without payment of any duty whatsoever, while a fixed standard of ad valorem charge on manufactured articles is to be maintained for purposes of revenue by each State, but so conceived and arranged as to abnegate all idea of prohibition or protection in flavour of one German community against its nelgh hours. Stipulations are included in the treaty for the adoption of a uniform scale of coinage. The Prussian Eagle will continue still to figure on the gold and silver pieces struck at the Berlin mint, and the arms of Austria will be still impressed upon the metallic currency of Vienna, but the names and values of both will hereafter be the same, not only in the greater States, bat throughout all Germany, as well as in Hungary, Lombardy, and the other provinces of the Empire. Beventy•eight millions of people inhabit the region which will be affected by these conditions ; and it is perhaps enough to say that there is no one branch of art, industry, or skill, from the mouth of the Elbe to that of the Adige, wh ose field of labour and profit will not be enlarged to a greater or less extent by the changes which they imply. Theoretically considered it is undoubtedly the most signal recognition of the principle of equal competition which the world has seen since the repeal of the British Navigation Laws ; and practically, we can augur nothing but good to the capitalist and the labourer of both Northern and Southern Germany from a measure which, by open ing new scope for enterprise and exposing them to the healthful action of natural rivalry, is likely to develop new energies in the ono and to bring new aids to the other. It is no fair objection to what is thus proposed to be done within the limits of Central Europe, that no uniform tariff is thereby established with regard to foreign merchandise. Each State and cluster of States is still to be free to determine what imposts they respectively choose to impose on British, French, or Belgian goods at the external frontier. For pur peels of revenue, this is perhaps indispensable, owing to the very different habits nod circumstances of the various communities comprehended in the terms of the treaty. The Bohemians live on bread and beer ; the working population of the great cities of the north subsist, like our own, to some extent on colonial produce. It is clear that the same duties would be unwelcome to both. Similar differences exist be tween the chief articles of consumption in Venice and in Leipsic. The spread of civilisation will hereafter do much to equalise conditions and assimilate cos toms; but so long as large amounts of taxation are deemed requisite by the States of the Continent, it is inevitable that these amounts should, in a con siderable degree, be raised by taxes on expenditure, not upon income. And while such is the case, Austrian finance cannot even approximately be as similated to that of Baden or Hanover, Saxony or Prussia. On the other hand, it were a great mis take to suppose that the present Treaty is in tended as a substitute in any sense for the Northern Zollycrein. The existing term of that celebrated joint stock partnership of separate States for purposes of revenue will shortly expire. Bat, so far from discountenancing the hope of its renewal, the newly adopted treaty of commercial union for the entire Germanic body will serve to stimulate afresh the desire of all who have hitherto been bene fited by membership in the Zollverein to secure its continuance and perpetuation. Important, however, as are the commercial bear ings of this new and judicious compact on the inter nal interests of Germany its political tendencies eith reference to the rest of Luz. ' ope are of still more conse quence. It is the first real step which has been taken towards uniting the jealous and divided ele ments nominally but not really bound together by the obsolete tie of &dynastic federally into one compact and peaceful union guaranteed by a common sense of self-interest and mutual benefit. It is proposed that the treaty should subsist for twelve years ; and should its conditions remain unrescinded for half that period, it is in the last degree unlikely that they will be abandoned at the expiration of the co /minted period. Great changes may occur in the political relations of several of the provinces whose names are now included in the great industrial pact. But its stability need not thereby be endangered. And so long as the German communities, commonly so called, shall continue to be united by this bond of economic brotherhood, the hitherto undeveloped idea of a common fatherland will be strengthened. A physically great and morally insuperable barrier may at length be looked for as interposed be tween the two military giants. Divided Ger many mast always be the ensanguined battle Seld of France and Russia. United Germany can dims maze to keep the peace between the rival ONES a Paris and llt. Petersburg. Dangers enough Isere are elsewhere from the conflict of their ambi- Sims—dangers which perhaps can only be guarded =by the cementing of more intimate political between Great Britain and the northern States of Germany. Be this as it may, however, it is no trivial gain that so broad and firm a basis should have been laid for the erection of a lasting bulwark like that we have described against the westward encroachments of Muscovy and the eastward aggremions of Gaul. We would that Tt were permitted us to hope for the realise d= of a similar federation for purposes of owner= between the various communities of Italy. The project was urged by many of the wisest and best of her sons six years ago, but in the paroxysm of revolution it was un happily forgotten, and in the paralysation of all thought and progress which has subsequently inter vened, the notion seems to have been wholly laid aside. Sooner or later wo are confident that it will be revived, and that the example set by Ger many will be followed by the other nations of the weld. Pons LAW ES.LIFY.—On Saturday a return from lbe Poor Law Board was printed showing Use number of Car:in receipt of poxlaw relief on dm let January, . the corresponding period of tie present year. Oa the lit January, 1852, the slumber was 835,3.10, and 798,443 ea the let January last. The decrease after deduct hag the Jarman was 35,91'7. Of adult able bodied paupers Om decrease was 11,098 in the year. THE ALLEGED MURDER AT BRIITON.—SinCO the elenmitment of Elizabeth Vickers from Lambeth police own, for the wilful murder of her late benefactor and master, lir. Jones, plans of the residence of the deemed have been taken, both for the prosecution and defence, to be produced on the trial for the inspection of the court and jury, to enable the latter to come to a just conclusion in the melancholy ease. The trial itself will come on at the Old Bully in the tonne of the week. TUE STRIKE OF TILE SOUTHAMPTON SEAMEN (says a correspondent) still continues. Mont seamen are now undergoing bard labour for a month In Winchester Owl, for refusing to go to sea in the Bengal stammer. They were offered their liberty after they were before the magi,- notes if they would consect to go to sea. They, however, ptferred to ga to gaol. The firemen and cosi•trimmers have bad a meeting, and have resolved to memorialise the steam-packet companies for an increase of wages. Their wages at the present time arc 31. 10s. and 41. a month. The Hampshire independent states that all the children of the seamen on strike have been dismimed from a school SSW Mrslssd by the Peninsular and Oriental Company, FRANCE. PARIS, SCNDAT EMITS°. Despatches from Constantinople declare that the allegations as to the mediation of France and Eng land are without foundation. There has been nothing definitive settled by the cabinet of Vienna. The King of Denmark received some days ago a deputation from the island of Finland regarding the political differences. His Majesty has pro- the country shall not suffer from tho PARIS, SATURDAY EVENING. All the prisoners arrested On Feb. 6 have now been set at liberty, all hope of establishing a case of con spiracy having been abandoned. Most of the corres pondents recently liberated have been called upon to find bail, but it is very unlikely that the law officers will encounter the risk of defeat in a public prose cution. . . The Patrie thus notices an event which has caused considerable interest in Paris: A decision of the Minister of Police ordered the expulsion from the French territory of Mine. Selma, calling herself ale Coastses de Solos, sad of Mr. Wyse, both foreigners. Thrums prom assamei, without any right, the name of wad Ist km respecting the illustrious name wilsf tlartmorpol, they on the contrary made use of it to Weir lammMalous disorders, and to abuse more easily ale ellidelley of perbons who came near them. Mme.Solms, in Mkt* sows this measure, appealed to her quality of Frenchwoman, sad brought the cue before the tribunal of the Seine, which declared the plea invalid. The decision of the Minister of Police has been carried into execu tion, and Mae. Somme and Mr. Wyse have quitted France. Now this contemptuous mode of disposing of " poor relations" is really very hard. Everybody knows that Mr. Wyse, an English member of parlia ment and English ambassador at Athens, married the Princess Lietitia Bonaparte, daughter of Lucien Bonaparte, Prince de Canino. The Mr. Wyse and the Counters de Solms so scornfully alluded to in the above paragraph are children of that marriage. Their assumption of the name of Bonaparte is no new thing. The name of" Bonaparte Wyse " is familiar to Euro pean ears, and the Countess de Solme has not seldom been styled a princess. As far as there may be an virtue in the blood of Napoleon 1., she has as much of it as the Emperor himself. Her case is not yet be yond the protection of the law, although it is true, as the Patrie says, that she has actually been sent out of the country. The original order of the Minister of Polioo gave her rive days to make her arrangements for leaving, but in consequence of a remonstrance written by herself and her brother, which, in the eyes of the Minister was disrespectful, they both received a peremptory order to leave France in twenty-four hours. The Countess de Solme is now in Brussels, having been forcibly ex pelled from Paris, leaving behind her a sick child 13 months old, whose health, according to a medical certificate, is likely to be seriously injured by her absence. M. Berryer, yesterday, renewed his appli cation to the Civil Tribune of the Seine, to prove the illegality of the order with respect to the noun. tem. He stated, and the fact cannot be doubted, that her husband, Count de Solute, was born at Strasburg, and was consequently a French citizen. The proof of her marriage with him was there lbe• all that was necessary to show that the government had no legal power to expel her from rane. But M. Berryer farther stated that the Count de Solms was not technically merely, but prac tically, a Frenchman. He had been set down on the meshing lists for the army, had voted as an elector, sod, moreover, had done signal service at the election of the President of the Republic in 1849, as letters which he was prepared to produce would testify. The formal objection on account of which the court dismissed the last application was now remedied by the issue of a summons against the lady's husband eeillointly with the Minister of Police. M. Berryer peeped the court for immediate judgment on the ground of urgency, founded on the medical certificate of the state of health of the countess's infant. The marriage certificate was produced. The imperial advocate required legal proof of the nationality of the Count de Selma, and although that is a fact of which no morel doubt is entertained, the court felt com pelled to adjourn the proceedings for a week, in order that inquiries might be made. The Patrie says of the budget now about to be voted by the Corps Legislatif, that it has about it a " character of sincerity " never heretofore seen, owing to the exigencies of the parliamentary regime. In this budget, the same authority affirms, truth is 'sub stituted for exaggeration, method and harmony for irregularity and confuseddiscussion. Up to the pre sent moment the public have nothing but the Patrie's word for the truth of this assurance, seeing that the debates upon the budget in the Council of State, with the Emperor in the chair, are conducted with the strictest secresy. The public, however, know this, that the budget, as presented by the Minister of Finance, showed a deficit of upwards of fifty millions. Whispers are current that the protracted discussion still going on at the ries is directed to the means of complying with positive orders from the Emperor that this deficit shall be immensely reduced, if not extinguished, and that a budget shall be presented showing, if not • surplus, at least but a trifling deficiency. With those data it is not difficult for the public to arrive at or of three conclusions—either that ministers must have contemplated culpable extravagance, that they are grossly incompetent, or that the reform in the budget will be a reform upon paper only—in other words, • ",Flemish account." In matter sof finance it is nec to work by " wit, and not by witchcraft,"rin the result of the debate, yet unconcluded, in the chamber where Napoleon first presided over the Council of State, should confirm common rummest the subject, the wondrous amelioration of M. ue s budget will be attributed by the public to rather than "sincerity," which the Patrie to be its distinguishing characteristic. appears from the police reports that the 24th of Febomory did not pass over without some attempts to solobnite the anniversary, but, pursuant to strict odors, arrests were made wherever any demonstra the' of the kind was known. But few of the work men of Mem& Call and Co., the machine builders, of the Quid de Billy, went to work on that day, and Hay seas wont away, saying that they could not week cia mesh an anniversary. It appears that the ma win excited to do this by a letter addressed to = b looms° person unknown. Five of them wore but were released after a warning from the Nin of police. About ten workmen, chiefly emie ffi e-makers, assembled on Thursday, in a wine mkop of the Barriers Rochechonart, to fete the anni , moor, at the revolution of 1848, and sang demo mode mow They were all arrested, and a search being made in the lodgings of two of them, anar chical publications were found there. All the men were conveyed to the Prefecture of Police. THE EXPRESS, MONDAY -4FVENING, FEBRUARY 28, The negotiations for yielding the province of Benie ventum to the King of Naples are not entirely abak doned, the bait held out to the papal governmerA being now the recognition of the ghinea, or feudal tribute to the holy see, of 8,000 &midi per annum by King Ferdinand, and the addition to the Roman states of a large slice of Neapolitan territory border in g upon the valley of Rieti. The Neapolitan Charge d'Afaires, Marchese di San Oiuliano, has refused to riser the passport of Charles S. Palmer, Esq., who is travelling with Sir Courtensy Honeywood, and intended to leave this city for Naples last week en route for the Holy Land. The Neapolitan government has an immense Index Expurgatorias on the books of its foreign em- 1 hassles, and it is supposed that some similarity of name is the origin of this provoking obstinacy. The remonstrances of the British consul hare produced a polite note from the Marquis, expressing his regret and promising that the necessary instructions shall be applied for without delay. Numerous arrests have taken place in the neigh bourhood of the Pontine marshes of persons sus pected of having attempted to rob the Austrian courier, who managed to make his escape from the clutches of the brigands without being injured by the volley which they . fired upon him. Dangers of a different kind await travellers on the northern roads, the torrents having committed tremendous havoc. The passengers in the diligence from Florence were nearly carried away last week by the Paglia, the vehicle having got imbeded in the stony bottom of the stream. Two of the horses were drowned ere assistance could be obtained from the neighbour ing town of Aquapendcnte. A French company appears to be in serious treaty for the completion of the Pia-latina Railway from Rome to Frascati, proposing to purchase the shares at 50 per cent., if government will guarantee 5 per cent. interest. The shareholders are endeavounng to obtain GO per cent.; meanwhile the shares have risen from 15 and 20 dollars to 30 dollars earls. Ex change on London, 4851; Roman Consols, 95. dERMANY. A telegraphic despatch, dated Vienna, the 23rd, states, that although the course of the Emperor's recovery had at first been of a favourable chancier, the penod of congestion, produced by the shock, had arrived. Accordingly his Majesty had sleepless nights, and felt much heaviness about the head. A later despatch, dated Vienna, the 24th, says:— The consequences of the blow given to the Emperor show themselves in sanguinary coagulations. :iis Majesty suffered from fever last night, but fell into a gentle sleep towards morning, Another, of the 25th, states that the Emperor 'lad passed a good night, and found himself better. M. Ettenreich, a civilian, who came first to the assistance of the Emperor when he hod received Lebenyi's attack, has been made a Knight of the Frans-Joseph order. The monarch's father, Arch duke Francis Charles, received, on the 19th, he deputation of the Common Council, who arrived with a congratulatory address. The Archduke told them that in these hearty honest words he recognised once more the good and loyal city of Vienna at he had known it in earlier times. _ From Heidelberg we learn that the doctors of the law faculty of the University of Gottingen have transmitted their collective opinion to Professor Ger vinus. They tell him that the charge against hall, founded on his book, is absolutely ridiculous, and that the public prosecutor, when he comes to bring it to the test, will find that he has made a very absurd mistake. THE AUSTRO-PRUSSIAN TREATY. BERLIN, FEB. 2:. The Krcuz Zeitung states, apparently on good authority, that the chief features of the commercial treaty, negotiated by M. von Bruck between Austria and Prussia, are as follows. Both nations recipro cally put each other's shipping on the same foot ng as its own, and mutually admit each other's c.m merce to all advantages of the most favoured naticus. They engage to assist each other in the repreabion of smuggling and false coinage ; they admit, free of all duty, a large number of articles produced in their respective states—for instance, unglazed pottery, coals, zinc, flour, groats, maccaroni, unsized paper, books, maps, music, prints, lithographies, cattle, and many others. At reduced duties they mutually admit cotton twist, pig iron, bar iron, sheet iron, and wire, common and fine iron wares, sewing and knitting needles, unbleached linen yarn, aimed paper, cotton manufactures, linen, woollens, and silks. The Basle Gazette of the 23rd states that a tele graphic despatch received on that day mentioned that the Federal Council adopted, on the 22nd, the following resolution :—" The Federal decision order ing the removal of the Italian refugees to the inte rior shall be executed. The individuals compromised shall be expelled. Notice thereof shall be given to Austria, and an invitation to raise the blockade shall be addressed to that power." TURKEY. No news has been received from Constantinople of later date than the despatch quoted in the Er press of Saturday last. On Friday 'a telegraphic despatch appeared in the Ifidnische Zeitung, dated Constantinole, Feb. 12, stating that Count Leiningen had refused the mediation of France and England, and handed in an unimatum. The steamer Croatia had her steam up, ready to start. Business was at a standstill. Universal consternation prevailed, and the exchange had risen 10 per cent. The Journal des Debate states that intelligence re ceived from Constantinople, by way of Trieste, an nounces that the Porte not having accepted the Austrian ultimatum, Count de Leiningenthad quitted Constantinople, and that the Divan had then referred the settlement of its differences with Austria to the mediation of France and England. A telegraphic despatch from Vienna, dated Fri day. states t ha t no fresh news had been received from Constantinople. Letters from Vienna, while attesting the readiness of Austria to strain her relations with Turkey to the utmost degree of tension, lay stress on the improba bility that the Emperor, in the unsettled state of his dominions, will risk a war in the south, especially in opposition to France and England. MOLDAVIA. A letter from Jassy, of 4, in the Frank furter Jourmai, nays :—" Prince Ghika, Hoepodar of Moldavia, has abdicated. The country is La • state of consternation." MONTENEGRO. The Vienna Gazette, of the 22nd, publishes, after the Gest. Correspondent, some fragments of news from Montenegro. The rain, which for some days had impeded the movements of the Turks, at last changed the table land of Grahovo, on which one of the Turkish corps is encamped, into an immense lake. In the night between the Bth and 9th there was a terrible storm, and four of the Grahovians, who were captured with the Woiwode Jacob, took advantage of it to make their escape. They stole un observed out of the tents, boldly replied to the chal lenge of the different sentnes with the word "patrol," and reached the Austrian territory, near Dragal, in safety. They . gave sad accounts of their sufferings while in the power of the Turks, and related that there was such a scarcity of provisions in the Turkish camp that the prisoners were almost starved. Many of the Turkish horses had died for want of food. The Osservatore Datinato and the Triest Zeitatag in formed us that the captured Grahovians were heavily chained, but it is evident that if the fugitives had been in chains they could not have passed the sen tries without making a noise which would have at tracted attention. Oa the sth, at 4 p.m., there was an encounter between the Turke and Montenegrins, in which tho former had 3 killed and 11 wounded. This was near Gluhido, in the nahia Tzermnitzka. The Mon tenegrins display great courage and power of endurance, but the undisciplined and less hardy Turks suffer much from the inclemency of the weather. Two Austrian officers, Major Kalich and Captain Joannovich, who were the bearers of some message to Omer Pomba, returned on the let to Scutari, and reached Cattaro again on the 13th. Their appearance in the camp much astonished both Turks and Itayahs. The Montenegrins have now formed a complete though small army, and detached c wrps guard the most important and vulnerable points. By a tele graphic despatch it appears that Prince Daniel is advancing against Omer Pacha to Orlja Lake, and it is expected that a decisive battle must shortly take place. The correspondent of the Lloyd states, from the Narenta, that Omer Pacha's army, including the irregular troops, amounts to no less than 55,000 or 60,900 men. The Warsaw correspondent of the Hamburg Nochrichtch writes that the Czar has sent several officers, among thee► a colonel of the general staff, to assist the Montenegrins. INDIA AND THE CAPE. ITALY. ROME, FEB. TO. No measures of extra severity have been by the government u yet against those individuals t who are not in its good graces in this city, but it is rumoured that the events at Milan will freshen the vigilance of the police, and lead to new persecutions of everybody suspected of republican principles. The Cardinal Secretary of State has given orders for the surveillance to be kept up with redoubled strict ness, but, it is not likely that the Romans will give him any cause for dissatisfaction just now, and, if they were to attack any one, it would not certainly be the French soldiers, against whom, although not fond of them, they have not the de adly feeling of hatred which arms the Milanese against the Austrians. Bread is distributed daily to between eight and nine thousand poor labourers, who are prevented by the continued bad weather and inundations from earning their sustenance. Troops of these poor pea sants have lately been seen traversing the city in search of food, stopping the bakers' men, and paying very unwelcome visits to the bread shops—misde meanours which .are generally overlooked by the police, in consideration of the offenders' starving condition. _ _ The council of ministers have, as was appre hended, unanimously rejected the proposition for withdrawing the paper currency, but the Pope, who has taken an inconceivable disgust for the paper money ever since ho found that a hundred dollar note;which he himself bestowed upon the superior of the New Passionist monastery erecting behind the "Holy Stairs," was a bad one, and who is always reluctant to abandon an opinion he has espoused, still insists upon the restoration of a silver currency, and has ordered the question to be discussed in his presence by a body of commissioners. TIIE KAFFIR WAR. ANOTHER BATTLE—HEAVY LOSS IN KILLED AND WOUNDED. PLYMOUTH, Fes. 2G. The General Screw Steam Shipping Company's royal mail steamer Indiana, Captain G. P. Lambert, arrived in Plymouth Sound, at 5 o'clock, p.m., this day, with mails from India, Mauritius, and the Cape of Good Hope. The following are her dates: she left Calcutta December 19th, arrived at Madras 22nd, left 23rd; Point de Galle, 26th, left 28th; Mauritius, January 7th, left 9th ; Cape of Good Hope, January 21st, left 24th; St. Helena, February Ist, left the same day; Ascension, February 4th, sailed same day ; St. Vincent's, February 12th, left Isth, and reached Plymouth 2Gth, the day on which she is announced as du, in the Post-office lists. Her voyage throughout 4 ‘...efore, anti particularly from St. Vincent's, has t.eco 2ernarkdbly expeditious, and highly creditable to the qualities of the vessel and the skill of her commander. This celerity is the more striking be cause she has met with much adverse weather, and other causes of delay. On the 17th January a heavy north-west gale to the eastward of Algoa Bay obliged her to lay to for 20 hours, and from that time to the 21st January she had to steam against strong westerly winds and a heavy head sea. In her pas sage from St. Vincent's she also suffered from strong head winds. The Royal Mail steamer Mauritius, with mails for the Cape and India, Captain Elder commander, ar rived at Table Bay, Jan. 19. Her unfortunate de tention has been caused by accidents to the machinery, which were, however, repaired on the voyage. Neither the Sydney, A. R. M., Capt. W. H. Franklyn, nor the Great Britain, Capt. B. N. Matthews, which were both expected from Austra lia, had arrived at the Cape on the 24th. When the Indiana left the screw steamer For mosa was at Point do Galle on her way to Singapore from Australia. Her engines having broken down, she would be detained some weeks. The royal mail steamer Calcutta arrived at Mau ritius on the 11th Dec., sailed on the 19th. The advice. from India have all been anticipated by the overland mail. From the Cape there is intelligence of consider able interest, of both a military and political nature. The moat important transactions had occurred in the Orange River sovereignty. The Governor, Lieut.-General the Hon : G. Cathcart, had entered the sovereignty according to tho tenour of his proclamation—to administer justice to all—and bad required compensation of Musesh the chief of the Basouta tribe, for robberies of cattle that had been committed by the people of that chief on the neigh bouring beers and some native tribes. The governor demanded of Moshesh 10,000 head of cattle and 1,000 horses, informing him that the alternative would be the seizure of treble that number by force. The chief himself had a " talk" with the governor, and engaged to supply the cattle within a specified time, and sent in 3,500 ; but, failing in the re mainder, General Cathcart advanced his troops into the Basouta country, towards Thaba Bassigo, Mo ' sheh's gnat place. The camp, it would appear, lay between the Coledin River and a moun tain called Berea, which lay in front of Bassigo. According to the reports of Colonels Eyre, Napier, and Cloete, the intention was that the first named officer, with his column of 500 men, should cross the summit of this hill ; the second, with about 250, should pass round by its southern and western base; and the other by the northern. With :he column of whose proceedings Colonel Cloete gives in account were the governor and staff. Colonel Eyre fell in with large quantities of cattle, and seems to have succeeded in striking a severe blow on the lenemy ^nurse, capturing at one time ^‘-• 30,000 head of cattle. -.lt Lo the small ness of his force, he was enabled to secure only about 1,500. Colonel Napier's force also met with severe fighting, and sustained heavy casualties. It how ever brought 4,000 cattle safely to camp. The duties of the day were extremely severe for the small number of troops engaged : 'rho fighting lasted from the morning until late in the evening. The Basoutas mounted 6,000 horsemen, fought with mach intrepidity and with well organised move ments. Their attacks on the soldiers were repeated, bat the honours of the day rested with the latter, for the enemy was eventually dispersed. A battle so obstinately disputed on both sides could not fail to be deadly in its effects. Although the enemy suffered by far the greater loss, it is melancholy to find the list of killed and wounded on the side of the British so lengthy. Captain Faunce 73rd Regiment, was killed, and Captain Wellesley, 73rd Regiment, and Lieutenant the Hon. H. Annealoy, 43rd Regiment, were wounded. Four non-commissioned officers and thirty-three privates • officers and raised putm were slain, and four 853. nine privates wounded. The blow struck on the enemy'would appear to be a decisive one. The immediate result was a letter of submission from Moshesh to the Governor suing for Erwhich his excellency was very ready to grant. l e iimented that so many were killed, and expressed a wish to see the chief again on the same friendly terms as before the battle. Tho result of the chief's letter was the immediate with drawal of the troops from the sovereignty, and his excellency . has urged the Europeans of the dis trict to organise themselves as soon as possible for self-defence, and has given them full license to carry out the old commando system, in ease any change should take place in Moshesh's present professions of friendship. Full particulars of those stirring trans actions will be found below. The eastern provinces were still in a disturbed state. The banditti maintained a system of rapine, attended occasionally with murder. The hulk of the (hike tribes were said to be interspersed among the friendly tribes, probably not without the connivance of the friendly chiefs. The affair in Basouta had been looked upon with lively interest by the Kaffira, some of whom regarded the speedy withdrawal of troops from the sovereignty in the light of a retreat. It was reported to be the intention of the governor to visit King William's Town at an early day, with the object of proclaiming and deciding on the terms of peace. The present appears to be a crisis in the affairs of the Cape frontier, the issue of which will much de pend on the prudence, foresight, and resolution of Oen. Cathcart. The political horison of the Cape colony would seem to be lowering. The speech of Sir J. Peking ton (when Secretary of State for the Colonies) de ferring the grant of a representative system to the colony, and drawing a distinction between the British, ' Dutch, and native subjects of the Crown, has occa sioned the greatest discontent, and many of Sir John Pakiogton's statements are flatly denied by tho • press. The Indiana brings home a great number of pas sengers. Those from India are Mrs. Macleod, Miss and Master Shaw, Mr. and Mrs. Hill, four children, and European servant; one invalid, her Majesty's ship Fox; Mr. Bailey; Mr. Scatter, Mr. Ititchie, • Mr. Solomans, Master and Miss Ludgate and two • European servants. Mrs. Keighley, child, and ser vant left India by this steamer, but the two former • died at sea. 'rho other passengers are from the Cape, viz.: Captain and Mrs. Morrison, Mrs. Fowler • and five children, Mr. Codrington, Mr. Nesbit, Mr. • Fuller, Mr. Touthey. From St. Helena: Colonel Forbes, Captain and Mrs. Calvert, Mr. Walker, Seijeant I. Jones, wife, and four children. The Indiana has brought a large cargo of sundries, and very extensive mails. The latter were landed here, in charge of Captain J. Tharnburn, shortly after the vessel came to anchor in the Sound. Vessels reported seen by the Indiana : January 13th, lat. 28 S., lon. 43 E., barque Figaro, from Amoy to Savannah; January 18th, off Cape Retief, passed the British barque Frederick Huth, from Macao, to wards Table Bay, out 70 days; January 20th, off Cape Agulhas, barque Albert Edward, from Calcutta to Liverpool, with loss of jibboom and top-gallant masts, having been in collision with the Australia; the Queen of South, Feb. 34 N., lon. 17 W. Her Majesty's ship Styx sailed from Simon's Bay, January 19, for Rangoon. Her Majesty's ship Hydra arrived in Simon's Bay January Bth. Iler Majesty's ship Electra, W. Morris, arrived there Jan. 18. Her Majesty's steamer Dee, 4, Lieut. G. Smith, from Plymouth with ordnance stores and a mail, arrived January 19th, and sailed for Table Bay on 22nd. She reported the Penelope at Monrovia December 11. AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE CANADA. LIVERPOOL, MONDAY Mottxtivo. The British and North American Royal Mail steam-ship Canada, Lott, commander, arrived in the Mersey at midnight, with 7,3 passengers, and 90,000 dollars in specie on freight. The steam-ship America was passed off Boston on the 16th; the Niagara arrived at New York on the 12th. When the Canada sailed the Monroe resolutions bad again been brought forward in the Senate. Senator Douglas spoke in favour of the resolutions, which, however, were postponed to the 19th. There were three steamers at New York from Ca lifornia with two million of gold on freight. The Hon. William R. King arrived at Havannah on the 6th inst., in improved health. John R. Thomson has been elected United States Senator for New Jersey, in place of Com. Stockton, resigned. General Pierce left Cuneord on the 14th for Wash ington, whither he proceeds by way of Boston and New York. He was accompanied by his private se cretary, Sidney Webster. He declines all public re ceptions. A Concord despatch announces the defi nitive formation of the cabinet, but its constitution is not yet to be divulged. A joint meeting of the committees appointed by the City Councils of Wash ington, and the Jackson Democratic Association, was held on the night of the 11th, to take measures for the reception of the general at the capital. The committees will proceed to Baltimore to receive him. The strike of the railroad mechanics for higher wages at Baltimore threatens to become general. The operatives on sone of the Pennsylvania roads, in ad dition to the workmen in Alexandria, Portsmouth, and Norfolk, have knocked off, and refuse to go to work again until their demands are acceded to. Se veral thousana men have thus thrown themselves out of employment, and every day was adding to their number. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, 16. The transactions at the Stock Exchange to-day were extensive. Government stocks and other leading securities were firm, whilst other descriptions were heavy. Parker Coal Ce. declined 2 per Cent.; Cumberland Coal Co., 1; Phcesix Mining Co., 1; Erie Railroad, 1; Hudson litver, 21; Long Island Railroad, ; Harlem, ; Rochester and Syracuse, 1; Morris Canal, j ; and Canton Co., 1. Foreign exchange is inactive: Lot.don Paris Arasterdant Hamburg 3B to 36 Bremen 79 to 80 CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT. THIS DAY. The Central Criminal Court resumed its sittings this morning before the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor, the Right Hon. the Recorder, Aldermen Farebrother, Hunter, and Sydney, Mr. Under-Sheriff James, &c. There are 107 prisoners fur trial. The Recorder, in his charge to the grand jury, said he regretted to see that the calendar not only contained the full average of prisoners for trial, but that many of the of fences were of the most serious description, and that there were no less than six cases of murder and manslaughter. Having briefly called the attention of the grand jury to the charges of murder, he said it appeared to him that if the facts should be proved u they appeared in the de positions, it would be the duty of the grand jury to return true bills in all tor:eases, in order that they might undergo full inquiry before the petty jury. One of the charges of man slaughter was of a very peculiar character. It appeared that at a recent session a woman who had filled the office of nurse in the Greenwich workhouse was tried for an assault by burning one of the children entrusted to her charge, with a coal in the hand. Under the belief that she had acted thoughtlessly, and without consideration, and that she had no deliberate intention to injure the child, and as she also appeared to have previowly bw . FS doer "welt siascertainly ' the court at that time , --1-• oe u very lenient sentence. The child had sines died, and although undoubtedly in such a case, if it had been clearly made out that the injury originally re- , indeed was the cause of, or accelerated the death, the party would still be amenable to the charge of manslaughter; but it certainly appeared to hint in this case that the coroner's jury bad returned a verdict of manslaughter' directly in the teeth of the evidence laid before them. lie believed that in this case there had been an opinion on the part of the public that the punishment originally in- Meted was much too light for the offence. He was not aware of all the facts, but he must observe, that although pablic opinion ought undoubtedly to have a proper control over the administration of justice, yet it ought never to be allowed to operate to the extent of inducing jurors to act contrary to lase and to the evidence laid before them. In the present instance, it appeared by the depositions that no lass than four medical gentlemen swore distinctly that the death of the child arose from water on the brain, and that the burning of the hand had nothing whatever to do with that event, and yet in the face of this evidence the coroner's jury had returned a verdict of manslaughter against the party accused. Under these circumstances it appeared to him that if this evidence should be laid before them it would be the duty of the grand jury to throw out the bill, and not permit a person to be put upon ber trial for a charge which the evidence clearly would not support. His lordship then referred to one or twoother cases,and concluded by stating that he felt it his duty to call the attention of the jury, and through them that of the public, to two matters of considerable importance in the administration of the criminal law. lie said he believed that an impression had gone abroad that the punishment of transportation was altogether to be abolished, but this was not the fact, and he trusted that no such determination would be come to with out the very gravest consideration. He believed that although convicts would not in future be sent to Vast Diemen's Land, yet that there were portions of Western Australia which were still available for such a purpose, and where convicts would still be sent under the regula tions at present in force regarding transportation. Another point of great importance was to contradict an impression that prevailed in the minds of many of the poor creatures who brought themselves under the power of the law, that by being transported they would have an opportunity of reaching the gold regions, and that transportation would no tually be a means of improving their condition instead of operating as a punishment. It should be known that this was a most erroneous impression. In every case where a prisoner was sentenced to transportation he had first to sub ter an imprisonment of a very severe character in London for twelve months, and be was thea sent to Portland, where additioa to this year's imprisonment, he was employed the most severe and laborious labour on government weeks for very lengthened periods. If a person were transported for seven years be had to undergo this labour for two years; if for ten years, three years and a half ; if for fif teen, six years ; if for twenty, eight years and a half ; and if for ife, Ise had to undergo this severe labour for ten years and a half, and it was only in the case of a convict having conducted himself uniformly well during all these respec. Uwe periods that he was sent out of this country with what was called a ticket of leave. It was a most erroneous opinion, therefore, that persons sentenced to transportation had at once the chance of getting out to the gold regions, and it was very important that this should be thoroughly understood. The grand jury then retired. TIM BOWYER BIBLE. This celebrated book, which has become tolerably well known to the public from its appearance in two of Mrs. Parkes' lottery schemes, was sold on Saturday by Messrs. Puttick and Simpson, the auc tioneers, of Piccadilly. The collection of the illustrations and their elaborate arrangement occupied a large part of the life of the late Mr. Bowyer. Since his decease it has been submitted to the public in the lottery before alluded to, and the prize being drawn by a member of an eminent drapery house in the City, it was re-purchased of him, and became the subject of a similar lottery (the total subscrip • I lion to each being four thousand guineas), when the holder of one of the guinea tickets became the fortunate possessor, 1 and by him it had been consigned for public sale. The main features of this remarkable book have been too long before the public iu the form of advertisement to need more particular allusion. It may, however, be remarked, that it is the most extensively illustrated book that has ever been formed, and does ample credit to the taste and perse verance of the gentleman under whose care it was under taken, and who expended upon it upwards of three thou sand pounds. At the sale, which was well attended, it ex cited an animated competition, and was at last knocked down at the sum of 4051., the purchaser being Mr. Willis, bookseller, of Covent-garden. Vbe Court. Her Majesty and Prince Albert, with the Prince of Wales, the Princess Royal, and the Princess Alice, th e Duchess of Kent, the Princess Adelaide of lioneulohe, the ladies and gentlemen in waiting, and the domestic house hold, attended divine service, yesterday morning, in th e private chapel of Buckingham Palace. The lion. and Rev. Gerald Wellesley officiated. Prince Albert rode out on horseback, on Saturday, at. tended by Lieutenant Colonel the lion. A. Gordon. Her Majesty had a dinner party, on Saturday, at Buck ingham Palace. The company included the Duchess of Kent, the Princess Adelaide of Hohenlehe, the Duchess of Sutherland, the Marquis d'Azeglio, the Turkish Minister and Madame Mummy, Lady Fanny Howard, the Baroness de Spetli, the Earl and Countess of Clarendon, Viscount and Viscountess Ernlyn, Viscount and Viscountess En. field, Lord and Lady Stanley of Alderley, the ltieht lion. W. E. and Mrs. Gladstone, Sir Byam Martin, Admiral of I the Fleet, and Colonel Wylde. The band of the Royal Horse Guards was in k. a ub tt w eed . ance lin the palace during dinner, and played the f o n ow i ug music : ()enure—. Raymond" Beteetton— , ‘Caterina Cornaro" l.chner. Waltz—" Queen of Roses" ... I.PAlbett. Grand Pot Pourri on Airs from the Opera "Le Gad" Galop Ilditaire Herr Schnitzer had the honour of attending at Bucking ham Palace on Saturday evening, and performing on the Zitter before her Majesty and the distinguished party assem bled after dinner. The Queen's private band attended in the palace on Saturday evening, and performed the follueing eumpobi. lions : Overture— Du Wunderwmer" Mother. Trio—. Le Fro MU Clercs" • The deputation appointed at the Manchester Peace Con ference had an interview with the Earl of Aberdeen, on Saturday, at his official residence in Downing-street. The deputation consisted of Messrs. T. Milner Gibson, M.P., Richard Cobden, M.P., George Hadfield, id.P.,W. Laslett, M.P , Joseph Crook, M.P., Joseph Hume, M.l'., William Brown, M.P., John Cheetham, M.P., Joseph Brotherton, M.P., James Bell, M.P., Frank Cross ley, M.P., \V. A. Wilkinson, M.P., James Kershaw, M.P., William Ewart, M.P., J. B. Smith, M.P., Edward .11liall, h 1. 1 3., Samuel Gurney, Edward Smith, Samuel Carter, Joseph Stur,te, Henry Pease, John Lee, LL.D., Lawrence Heyworth, Frederick Ashby, George Edmunds, Robert Charleton, E. Y. Collins, John Morland, Richard Sterry, J. D. Bassett, Samuel Lucas, Samuel Gurney, jun., the Rev. John Burnet, Messrs. tr illiam, Edwards, Russell, Jeffrey, James Ellis, M.D., Joseph Cooper, George \V. Alexander, the Rev. Henry Richard, Mr. John Jenkins, Mr. Charles Gilpin, &c., &e. A deputation on the subject of the Bristol Channel Pilotage had an interview with the Right lien. E. Card well and Lord Stanley of Alderley, on Saturd iv, at the Board of Trade. The deputation consisted of Mr. Humphrey Brown, M.P., Mr. William P. Price, M.P., Mr. Walter Coffin, M.P., and Mr. Barrow ' M.P. The Turkish Minister and Madame Musurus entertained at dinner, on Thursday lust, their Excel!. ones Lord and Lady Stratford de Bedell& and the lion. Miss Canning, prior to his lordship's departure for Constantinople, to resume his post as ambassador to the Sultan. A select party was invited to meet their Excellencies. Mr. W. Beckford, of Jamaica, had a long interview on Friday with the Duke of Newcastle at the Colonial-office. A deputation of Postmasters had an interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer on Saturday, at hie official re sidence in Downing-street, upon the subject of the p os e Horse Duty and Tax on Carriages let to Hire, by which all postmasters are charged on the average 20 per cent on their gross earnings, besides a heavy assessed tax on theirl car. riages, whilst railways pay but o per cent. on their pas seoger traffic, and no tax on their carriages or goods traffic. The deputation was introduced by Mr.T. S. D uecom he, M.P., and was accompanied by the Lord Mayor, M.P., Sir James Duke, Bart., M.P., Mr. Mosterman, M.P., Sir James An derson, M.P., Mr. nestle, M.P., Mr. Langton, M.P., Lord Dudley Stuart, M.P. ' and Mr. Tattersall. The deputation consisted of Mews. Robert Newman, C. Newman, Chan cellor, Bryant, Wilson, Pawley, Dyer, Cole, Goodrham, Thumwood, Gray, Yeomans, Andrews and G. Shiffibeer, secretary of the London committee, and the following dele gates:—Mr. Croall (Edinburgh), Mr. Mallalieu, Mr. Wylie (Glasgow), Mr. Falwell (Bristol), Mr. Billington (Preston), Mr. Johnson (Newcastle), Mr. Goodrham (Guildford), Mr. Colo (Godalmine), Mr. Watson (Ramsgate), Mr. Thum wood (Farnham), Mr. G. Waddell (Birmingham), Mr. C. J. Waddell (Oxfard), Mr. Giles (Didcot), Mr. Silverthoras (Brighton), Mr. Bottom (Newmarket), Mr. Lovegrove (Maidenhead), Mr. Goldsmith (Reigate), Mr. Heifer, Mr. West (Sheffield), Mr. Chater (Windsor), and Mr. Loader (Basingstoke). Mr. John Wood, chairman of the Board of Inland Revenue, and Mr. Pressly, were present at the interview. A deputation from Chorley had an interview on Saturday with the General Board of Health, at their office, White hall, in reference to the application of the Public licaltk Act to that town. The deputation consisted of Mr. Richard Smethurst, jun., and Mr. Richard Jackson. They were in troduced by Mr. W. Brown, M.P., Mr. J. Cheetham, M.P., and Mr. James Pilkington, M.P. Despatches were received at the Colonial-office on Sane day from the Governor of New Zealand. The Turkish Minister transacted business on Saturday at the Foreign-office. Mr. James M'Queen had an interview with Viscount Palmerston on Saturday, at the Home office. Despatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-office from the Governors of Sierra Leone, the Gambia, and the Gold Coast. A cabinet council was held at the Foreign-office, Downing-street, OR Saturday afternoon. The min isters present were the Earl of Aberdeen, the Lord Chancellor, Earl Granville, the Duke of Argyll, Vis count Palmerston, the Earl of Clarendon, the Duke rlfjsJewcastle, Lord John Russell, the Chancellor of wood, the •i t ion to Tona,grahi!m, , Sir Charles William Moleeworth . The council eat ihree"Ull and a half. HURRICANE AT LIVERPOOL AND LOSS OF LIFE. LIVERPOOL, SATraDAT. This morning the town was visited by one of the most fearful gales from the north-west that have been ex perienced since 18.39. For the last few days the wind has been fresh, but at five o'clock this morning it began to in crease, and at noon was blowing a perfect hurricane. Already several disasters are reported, and doubtless many will have occurred in the channel. The usual ferry steamers to Egremont, Seacombe, and Tranmere, had to cease plying, while the Woodside boats, which usually run across the Mersey in five minutes, generally required an hour, and in one case when the wind was at its height, the Woodside boat occupied nearly it hours. The City of Glasgow, steam ship, which arrived this morning, broke from her anchor in the river, and after drifting about went ashore near Rock Ferry, where she remains. The royal mail steam-ship Africa was advertised to sail as usual today and was prepared for starting, but her mails could not be put on board owing to the severity of the gale, and she has been detained until to-morrow. The flat, John of Chester, in attempting to make the George's Basin, ran foul of the chains of the landing stage, and struck the bridge, and car ried away masts, bowsprit, and bulwark+. The mate was cut in two by portions of the tackling, and he, with another man, was washed overboard—the latter was saved by means of a life buoy. The Prince of Wales, steamer, got foul of the landing standing stage, and carried away her figure head, &c. A schooner and four sloops are aground at Hoy lake, with signals of distreu flying. A large vessel, totally dismasted, is telegraphed as at anchor 7 miles west of Holy head, with signal of distress flying on a flag staff. The Anna Rich has gone ashore near the Potteries. Several collisions have taken place is the river. The Atlas was brought up the river this afternoon much damaged, having been driven aground at George's Pier head. MORE SHIPPING DISASTERS AND LOSS OF LIFE. TYNEMOUTH, SATVIIDAT, 9 rm. We have had another heavy gale or wind, and snow storms to-day, resulting, lam sorry to say, in both loss of life and shipping property. A most tremendous squall of wind broke over the Northumberland coast about II o'clock this forenoon, accompanied by blending showers of snow and sleet. About 24 boats' crews of Cullercoat fishermen were plying their avocation about a mile from the shore. As soon as the gale came on, they immediately made in to the land, and the principal part of the fleet reached the beach in safety. A boat's crew, however, con sisting of John Oliver, his son Andrew, and Henry Potts, in attempting to turn their cable's bow towards Cullerceses Pier, were caught by a heavy sea, which dashed the boat with great violence against the South Rocks. A. Oliver jumped on to a projecting rock, and the ether two poor fellows were about to follow him, when a heavy sea caught them and swept them into eternity. The sad event was witnessed by hundreds of persons, who were unable to render any Quieter:cc, and there was not time to get out the Cullercoat life boat. Andrew Oliver was hauled on to the cliffs above by ropes, and saved. The body of the old man has been picked up. This afternoon the Prompt, of Newcastle, and the May Queen, of Peterhead, ran on to the he rd Sand, South Shields, in a squall of wind. Both crews took to the rigging, but were gallantly rescued by the South Shields life boats, manned by the pilots, who saved the poor fellows at great personal risk. About twenty sail of trading' vessels left the Tyne this morning. It will be an anxious time until word is heard of them. The wind is fair for th.m, and it is hoped that they will get round Flambro' Read into Burlington Bay. The Archer steam frigate is lying snug in the Tyne. She came from Leith on Tuesday. have been made at the SOME IMPORTANT CUSTOM ROUSE tIiIItSGEMENTS can now commence discharging cargo immediately after their arrival, if the agent of the mail packet company meteli presents a manifest of the vessel to a landing officer on duty. The working hours in the warehousing depa rtme nt hats port of Southampton. Mail packet, been extended, and the officials are compelled to be on duty from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m , instead of from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. Tbsi atttr arrangement commences to-day. la