The Express. — London, England, 1846-11-02 00:00:00

THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT GARDEN. H. JULLI POSENV ANNUAL SERIES OF CONCERTS. MOST TTIVELY FOR ONE MONTH ONLY. MJULLIEN has the honour to announc e, that his NEW GRAND DESCRIPTIVE MILITARY QUAD RLLL will be performed for the nasr nes THIS EVENING, MONDAY, NOVIXIIMI hm, nab Quedrple Is entitled 'THE BRITISH ARMY CHIATIRILLE,'' aid Welded as a Companion to " The which was, last wisher, bred with such distinguished In fader Is render complete the Grand blavemeed be WI Flees of Music, M. Juitaas has (boa Mei em et Os Mem Authentic.) succeeded in esgeski (es** adilties be Ye evieemplete and numerous Orehestm) FOUR DISTINCT 74111LULT BANDA, Tbe Wad et HER MAJESTY'S 2nd LTFE GUARIA ender the dbeetics of Mr. WAETZIG (by the kind permission ot COLONEL WILLIAM& ) ne Sod ef HER MAJESTY'S ROTAL HORSE GUARDS, BLUR, under the direction of Mr. TUTION (by the kind pm- Midis of COLONEL SMITH) , The Eland of HE It stAmerrs GRENADIER GUARM _tinder Ihe &action of Mr. SCHOTT (by the kind permissio n of COLONES. Rom ; end The Mod of HER MAJESTY'S COLDSTREAM GUARDS. under LONEL fie dieselies of Mr. GODFREY (by the kind permission of CO /BAWL) These Four Grand Military Banda will, Moving the Program of to Orsedrille, be combined with the Concert Orchestra, end form s Rfeeital Eneemble, et once novel and extraordinary. Tbe whole condneted J GILLEN. The Programme will also include a by Carstina by MISS BIRCH, • 8010 by Herr KCENIG, a Solo by M. SAINTON, the New American Polka, Rte. Re . The Concert commences at Eight, and terminates before Eleven. Paexassur .ann 11. Mus la PRIVATE Bo um 105. Rd. it la. and Lytle. 6d. NV EIPPERTS SOIREES CO '• ammo Baum 81:111110awnos THIS EVEIUNG tassitan Per. No►. Noe. 3 0. Deptin be. 14. Terms he Ow mho. two gelos with the= such of intra , lueing a bily. Non-sabnillipin, wren such ; the band. amatobtl. dace last sems by members of the emsAn Mans and Italian Opera, will consist of the ems artistes a.. angel bar Maiestra state Wit and Almack's. Con ductor— Mr. Weippert. Under—signs. Mastcr of the Oemmonies —Mr. Collie. Doom open a te *Weak ; eminence at half-pasc Tickets, see., at Weipperes Quadrtlleciaoe, 21, Soho aware. Vht Uantgg. MAILS. The Wed India mitts, including those for Mexico. Honduras, and Havana. %rill be made up on the morning of the 2nd November (this day). overland waits for Gibraltar, Malta. Greene. the lonian Hong-Kong. Islands, Zrt Aden, Ceylon, India, ong-Kong. and China, vie Southampton, made up on the morning of the 3rd November (to-morrow). The mails for BrlCoh North America, Bermuda, and the United States, will be made up on the evening of the 3rd Novrmber to morrow). The mails for Madeira, Brame, and Buenos Ayres, will be twee up on the morning of the 4th Nov. The mails for Corunna, Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Cadiz, and Gibraltar, will te made up on the morning of the 7th November. The overland closed mails, yin *awaits, to the Mediterranean, Egypt. Mai, Ceylon. India, llong-Kong, Sra., will be made up on the evening of the November.) TO CORRESPONDENTS. We cannot notice, in any way, any communication that in rent to no anonymously ; but Haw who chose to addreu on in confidence will And !their coolldrneo reminded. NEMIERCAN WE UNDERTAKE TO RETURN ANT MANUSCRIPTS WHATEVER. Adeerthenuente intended for The Ezpreu, London evening paper, must be at the Ottlec by Two o'ctock on the day dpublicaHon. ITTOII WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE. TN DAT. Morning, 26 min. psi 0; Afternoon, St min. past OTo-nO t nOw.—Morning, 14 mm. post 1; Afternoon, 67 min. peat I. LONDON, MONDAY, NOV. 2. WE disagree, and on no slight grounds, with the opinion of many of our contemporaries, that govern ment has determined not to open the porta. There were many reasons why such a measure neither required the assembling of parliament, nor was necessarily to be the accompaniment of a prorogation. Far from con sidering the question as at rest, or deferred till the 12th of January, we feel convinced that it is still open to the influence of facts and arguments, to the neces sities which a further rise in price would create, or to the evils, which the further extraction of foreign corn from our ports and warehouses would evince. We have now practically a fixed duty "of 4s. a quarter on wheat. In order to investigate the probable consequences of an immediate suspension of the corn duties, let us trace the ordinary transaction by which foreign corn is imported. A merchant having pur chased corn in a foreign port at a price, which, after payment of freight and charges of importation, would enable him to obtain the usual rate of profit on such ventures at the market price in this coun try, finds, that before he can obtain access to our market, besides paying freight and charges, he must pay a duty of 4s. a quarter on his cargo of wheat. The effect of paying that duty would be that he could obtain no profit, by import ing and paying the duty; perhaps he might even sus tain a lose. Still he looks at the prospects of the corn trade ; he sees the great deficiency in the potato crop, a deficiency which means famine to one-third of the United Kingdom; he seesthe failure of all the crops but corn and pulse; he examines minutely all reports of the actual results of the wheat crop , and, putt ing all the circumstances together, he satisfies himself that, although he cannot at present pay the duty and im port at a profit, the time will come when the rise of prices in our market will enable him to do so. He accordingly imports his cargo of wheat and lands it in bond. Now, let us remark in passing, that this landing in bond is practically an addition to the duty of something like a shilling a quarter arising from the extra charges of warehousing, turning, and keeping the grain. Moreover, whilst the importer is waiting for the rise in price which is to give him his profit, his capital is locked up. Ile is precluded, so far as that portion of his capital is concerned, from em barking in a new venture of the same kind. After a time the demand for wheat in the market so far ex ceeds the supply, that the average price—that is, the average of all kinds of wheat—rises sufficiently high to enable the importing merchant to obtain his ordinary profit after payment of the fixed 4s. duty ; all the charges of landing, and so forth. But how have the consumers fared in the meantime ? They have been subjected to a pressure which is equivalent to 4s. a quarter duty, and Is. landing in bond ex penses on every quarter of wheat consumed ; that is so far as the merchant's cargo would have corrected the deficient supply ; and what is true of one cargo is true of every other cargo; therefore the effect of the 4s. fixed duty is to postpone all relief from foreign supplies until all the wheat sold in this country has attained a price 59. a quarter above its natural price. Not only are the wheat consumers taxed upon that portion of the wheat which is actually imported, but, in order to obtain such imported supply, they must be taxed to the same:amount on all the wheat grown at home. Let us test this by reference to the state of the world's grain market at this moment. Great Britain, France, Belgium and Holland, are competitors for the grain of the corn-exporting countries of Europe and of America. With the exception of Great Britain all these nations admit wheat duty free. Their governments wisely regard the removal of impediments to a supply of food as a duty of the first necessity. Now the average price in the British market being, we take, for the sake of illustration, the last six weeks' average,- 565. a quarter, merchants can import wheat into France, Belgium, or Holland, sell it at 525. a quarter, and obtain the same profit as by importing into the British market and paying the 4s. duty. Let France, Belgium, or Holland offer the merchant 535. a quarter, and all the foreign grain passes away from the British consumer for the benefit of his com peting foreign neighbours. So far then as they depend upon foreign supplies, the people of France, Holland, or Belgium, in this period of general dearth, are cer tain, by reason of our corn-laws, to obtain their wheat at least 3s. a quarter cheaper than the British consumer. The journals tell us that, in fact, all the nations of the European Continent are importing grain, and in many of them importation is artificially promoted by their governments. And it must be remembered that the supply of foreign corn is not unlimited. The period during which it can be exported from the Baltic ports is rapidly drawing to a close. Whilst we are letting we dare not wait upon we will, and hesitating to feed our people, lest the BENTINCHS and the Rica- MONDe should raise a hubbub about a breach of an implied con*sct, to which they, at all events, refused to be parties, other nations are appropriating to them selves the stores of grain which should have been eur own. This doubla sufficientreason for prompt and imme diets action. Every hour during which the duty on foreign grain is maintained renders the certainty of a nine _oath's permanent scarcity more assured. There is a principle applicable especially to an article of Ilia prime necessity as wheat, which is strangely warlsoked by those who contend that " the English man knowing the wants of the future, knows also how those wants may be supplied ;" and that " come what may to the continent, England will not suffer for want of corn ;" which is this, that whenever corn is scarce, the price advances in a greater ratio than than the actual deficiency. Apprehension and alarm, aided by speculation, produce this result. And where no artificial canoes affect the market, the effect of that principle would be beneficial, by limiting consump tion somewhat more than in the end might prove to have been absolutely necessary. But when prices are artificially raised by a duty, which limits the supply, the operation of this principle adds to the severity with which scarcity presses on the people, or in proportion as the price of wheat rises towards famine point, does the tendency of price to outrun the actual extent of scarcity in crease. It is thus obvious that fifty or five hundred thousand quarters of foreign wheat introduced into our market when the average price was 50s. a quar ter would have a mach greater effect in limiting the rise of prices than when introduced at 565. a quarter. Every motive, therefore, should impel our government to allow the introduction of wheal at the lowest pos sible price. Let us tarn now to the actual state of the home corn trade as dependent upon the past harvest, andthe prospects of the next. And first as to the inferior grains; barley, oats, beans, and peas, are absolute failures. The means by which meat is produced, and the fertility of the land kept up through stock feeding, are almost abstracted from agriculturists in this coun try. From all districts we learn that not one half, perhaps scarcely one fourth, the usual quantity of cattle will be fed for the butcher this winter. Farmers who commonly stall-feed two, three, and four scores of bullocks, have not one beast tied up. Every vestige of duty, therefore, should be removed from all grain that can be used in feeding stock, on which depends the animal food of the community. And on this ground alone sugar should be instantly substituted for grain in distilleries. Bat can cattle food be released from duty, and the duty on the food of man retained? Assuredly it cannot. And there is scarcely less urgency, looking at oar agricultural prospects, for guarding, so far as is possible, against the deficiency of wheat as against the scarcity of other grain. In the first place, the average price by which importation is regulated , tends unduly to retard importation. The real price of wheat is very unfairly represented by the average price, because the price of a vast quantity of very inferior wheat, which is nearly unfit for human food, enters into the averages, and greatly reduces them. Persons not practically acquainted with English farming would scarcely believe the enormous quantities of wheat which are spoiled, in almo s t all seasons, by the impatience or the negligence of farmers. To give instances, we may mention what occurred on three adjoining farms during the harvests of 1845 and 1846, within twenty miles of London. The season of 1845 was wet during harvest, and a large proportion of the wheat everywhere was carried in bad and damp con dition. On farm A, the whole of the wheat crop was literally carried in the rain, and , in consequence, the farmer was unable to thresh it oat until the spring, and then he had great difficulty in finding a purchaser for it at any price. The wheat on farm B was carried in a damp state, though not to the same extent as in the first case mentioned, and the whole crop was pur chased at but a moderate price by a miller of the neighbourhood. He found that the crop was so in fected by the mayweed, or wild camomile, that he was unable to use it himself, or to re-sell it, except at a very serious loss. Oa farm C, the occupier left his wheat in the field, frequently moving it, and ultimately carried it, though after much expense, in very fair condition, and sold it be fore Christmas for the best price of the district. In 1846 the wheat of farm Alms been again carried in the wet, and will probably sell at a very low price ; that of farm B was carried in such condition, that the far mer bought a large quantity of pigs, with the inten tion of consuming the whole by feeding swine; though, after prices had risen considerably, he sold the whole of the crop in the straw, of course at a low price. The occupier of farm C, again, had patience ; kept out his wheat until the weather had cleared up, and carried it in good condition. But the farms A and B comprised together seven or eight times more acres than farm C. Now, a minute inquiry would show that something of this sort takes place iu every district, and thus it is that the average price of wheat is only 565. a quar ter, when, in Uxbridge market, there has been a good deal sold at 80s. a quarter. The average price tells but little of the real price of the better samples of wheat. And though the price of good wheat is now very high, there is every prospect of an increased price as the season advances. The sales since September, as compared with last year, show a large increase, which is to be attributed to the generally dry state of the last crop. The .stock of wheat in farmers' hands is much less than last year, and the yield of the present crop proves considerably short of that which, from the appearance of the grow ing crop was expected. An intelligent agriculturist in Lincolnshire tells us that that deficiency is one quar ter to the acre. The immense quantity of rain which has fallen this autumn will affect the wheat sowing on heavy soils, and upon all undrained land, by far the larger portion of each soils, much of it mast go into the ground very badly. All these circumstances, to which, did our limits permit, many more might be added, prove that the public has a right to expect something very different from that blank refusal of the government to open the ports, which the London press seems so ready to believe, and so resigned to - - I .vice in. MR. GRANTLEY BERKELEY has addressed to the persons whom he styles " the independent electors of the western division of Gloucestershire," a letter which occupies two columns of the largest news paper page, when printed in the smallest newspaper type. The matter, even more than the length, pre eludes our republishing it. It is difficult to describe this letter shortly. It begins with very severe and withering satire on " editors of papers styling themselves gentlemen of the press ;' " goes on to explain " the facts which ruled the course" Mr. GRANTLEY BERKELEY pursued on the question of free-trade ; complains of the con duct of his brother towards him ; gives a disagree able family picture sketched at Berkeley Castle ; ad ministers a severe castigation to his cousin and oppo nent by anticipation, Mr. GRANVILLE BERKELEY; boasts of his own exemplary discharge of parlia mentary duty; and declares his intention of braving the opposition of the Castle, and sticking to his " post of honourable ambition" as the representative of West Gloucestershire. The attack on the press which opens the letter is unnecessarily severe. We can say confidently for our own part that we have done nothing to deserve the name of " piqued and false detractors" of Mr. GRANTLEY BERKELEY. " at the galled jade wince; our withers are unwrung." We never " hired yachts." We never " indulged in vituperation, uncalled for and unfair." We never were " revengeful" or " bitter." We had no insult or injury to avenge on Mr. BERKELEY. We never heard or read any thing of his saying or writing that could possibly excite gall. On the contrary, we have been indebted to him for great and (to all but sensitive grammarians) harm less amusement. In short, we cannot charge our selves with having done any thing to Mr. BERKELEY or his order which could just►fy him in inflicting on us the hideous and peculiar punishment invented by him for newspaper writers. This consists in "holding up" the unhappy scribbler " to the thrust he aims At others." We cannot ooneeive any thing more perplexing than the infliction of this Berkeleian sentence. How A is to be held up to the thrust A aims at some body else, we cannot clearly see, unless A be akin to the celebrated conjuror of the last century who used to leap down his own throat. Mr. GRANTLEY BERKELEY is indignant at the con struction put by a contemporary upon passages in his former letters. We plead guilty to having in terpreted the passages alluded to in the way com plained of. But Mr. GRANTLEY BERKELEY should be merciful. His language is not easy to construe satisfactorily. To construe it at all requires a method of interpretation al loose as Mr. BERKELEY'S style of composition. He should remember the liberties he takes with the English language, as generally written, before he blames the journalists for taking liberties with that language 68 written by Mr. GRANTLEY BERKE LEY. He should think of his intricate and inexpli cable periods " where foams rebellious Logic gagged and bound," and the boldness with which he, under the inspiration of pen and ink, . 4 Plunged from his sense, but found no bottom there, Yet wrote and floundered on, in mere despsir." He defies SYNTAX, and must not appeal to its tri bunal He breaks Pluseinzt's head, and must not call on the grammarian to aid him, after his manifold insults. In fact, writing as no one but himself ever wrote, he must not wonder at being misinterpreted. He has furnished us with the unknown tongue. He in bound to give us the key, or must not blame us if we read the riddle wrongly. He assumes the mysteri ous language of the Sphinx, his commentator has a right to plead " lisvus suo, non CEntrus." He volunteers an interpretation himself. We con fess we cannot understand the explanation. We, with others, commenting on his previous let ters, declared him to have asserted that he stood, where he now stands, in deference to Lord FITZHARDINDE. That "he had gone so far and no further" in com pliance with his brother's wishes. Having hitherto proved compliant, he thought that if the earl medita ted retrogression or advance, he, his nominee, should have had the option of going backwards or forwards with his patron. The inference we drew from all this WBB, that Mr. GRANTLEY BERKELEY was a pattern nominee, and had squared his political conduct by Earl FITZHARDINGE'S rule. He is very indignant at this inference. He says, "I have been called a political automaton,' and my general conduct towards an elder brother attempted to be stained with improper subserviency to his will." He declares that his meaning has been perverted. " I never said, or intended to say, that Lord Ferz. same:ice should have given me the option of taking either step by his will, or that I was ready to take any step he chcse to dictate. I said, that upon the question of free-trade, having gone to a certain point, and no further, with Lord FITZIIARDINGE, if he con." templated either a retrograde movement or an advance, before he withdrew from me a support he had given uninterruptedly for the space of 14 years, it was due to me that I should at least have had the ' option' of standing by ' his side.' " We print the explanation, professing our utter inability to see in what new light it places Mr. BERKELEY'S conduct We have no doubt he means something quite different from anything the words convey. We are convinced the sentence was intended to contain a triumphant vindication of his independ ence. But we regret to tell him it does not contain anything of the kind. It is a reassertion of our as sertion, and leaves the matter just where we placed it. Mr. GRANTLEY BERKELEY goes on to defend his political character. He has voted he says, for the abolition of slavery, and for the maintenance of dog carts, Sunday dinners, and Sunday post deliveries. " The same independent line of conduct," he declares, " governed him on the game-laws." It is only such men as Mr. GRANTLEY BERKELEY who can be governed by lines of conduct. This faculty belongs to those only who can " hold men up to the thrusts they aim at others," "circum scribe individual wishes to meet the run of circum stances," and conceive " vetos attempted to be cloaked by a shadowy clique of squires," which last concep tion we believe to:be unparalleled for misty and Mar tinesquc horror. His absence from the division on the corn-laws is explained at great length. He was inclined, in Member, 1845, to give PEEL'S measure his support, though the Earl "hated the measure," and thought it " of dangerous tendency." Two courses were open. Mr. GRANTLEY BERKELEY might either advocate the measure, or remain strictly neutral. During his deliberation as to which course he should follow (or in Berkleyian, " which line of conduct should govern him") ; he heard Lord FITZIIARDINGE prophesying ruin to the small landed proprietors, and some of the advocates of Free-trade in the House venting wild prophecies that the mea sure, once passed, there would be an end to the present race of farmers,"—the men with whom he, Mr. G. BERKELEY, had hunted and shot, many of whom, probably, he had " punched on the head." He heard, too, that "the attack on the game-laws was got up as an adjunct aid to the success of the free-trade movement, mooted simply to save dis satisfaction between the landlord and his tenant, to weaken their reliance on each other, and to induce the tenants to join the ranks of the Free-traders." Mr. GRANTLEY BERKELEY, deeply considering these things, although " he did not apprehend such direful and cruel consequences to the farmers," nor the consummation of "the frightful mischief they, some of the free-traders, contemplated;' although he " hopes" that the principle of free trade is bene ficial; although he had "an original bias in favour of the measure;" although he is " determined to assist the government to carry out the free-trade spirit, as far as it has yet appeared, all over the world ;" although he It id all these reasons to vote for the measure, Mr. GRANTLEY BERKELEY, peculiar in logic as in style, determined to remain neutral and not vote at all. This he calls "an independent, and, he hopes, a just spirit" We should call it an inconsist ent, and, we fear, ridiculous, spirit, if we must not use a harsher term. The absurd table disclosures of Berkeley Castle practices and family feuds we pass over. They are too gross for public comment. The revelation of them by the pen of a brother we should have thought hardly justified by political martyrdom. Mr. GRANTLEY BERKELEY is woundily severe on his unhappy cousin, the nominee that is to be. H e is very sarcastic on "the man West Gloucester shire is to receive as the rider of its elective franchise." Mr. GRANTLEY BERKELEY did not feel the seat a disagreeable or discreditable one, according to his own notions, while secure in the saddle. He should remember that after all it depends on the animal bestridden, whether such a seat is likely to gall its occupant The West Gloucestershire is as easy-going a constituency as ever was crossed by a nominee. We do not anticipate it will make any resistance to a change of jockeys. It is hardly fair, after so long and pleasant a ride, that Mr. GRANTLEY BERKELEY should spirit up the animal to any restive ness. He was hoisted into the saddle by the Earl FITZIIARDINGE, the owner of the constituency,—he should get down when the owner bids him. OCR attention has lately been drawn to a report that a fever of a frightful character was prevailing at Aylesford, a village near Maidstone in Kent, sup posed to have been introduced by the crew of the ill-fated Eclair. The amount of death was repre sented as appalling. Before giving currency to this report, we thought it necessary to institute some inquiry, and through the agency of an intelligent medical man residing at Maidstone, we are enabled to state what were the circumstances, giving rise to - - the report. It appears that Aylesford is one of those " lovely villages of the plain," towards which at a distance so much sentimentality has been directed, wbid►, OR la lOUna tO DO a lIIIrSei7 of diseaso. pestilential vapours and the hot-bed of Although the condition of this village is not each as tooxsite any general alarm, yet still we b e lie v e it may be taken as a fair sample of too many villages of this country, and as such we think it worth while to record its present state, and to call attention to the fact, that while so much regard is being paid to sanatory provisions in our large towns they are not less required for our villages. Aylesford is situated about three miles from Maidstone, close to the river Medway, and backed by a high hill. It contains a poor population of about 400 inhabitants. During this autumn a remittent form of fever has prevailed in this place, with which at least one quarter of the population has been attacked. It has not, however, been so fatal as was at first represented to us ; and the Registrar's book shows that eight per sons have died since the 17th of September, when the fever first showed itself. This fever could not have originated in any manner with the Eclair, as that vessel was not within twenty miles of the place, and it does not appear that any of its crew have had any communication with the village. The cause of the fever is very obviously in the place itself. Like most of our villages, no attention is paid to drainage, or the removal of accumulations of decomposing animal and vegetable matter; and though the air in the country round about may be pare and invigo rating, close to the dwellings of the inhabitants it is mingled with pestiferous exhalations—a cesspool, common to several of the houses sending forth not only offensive odours, but actually soaking through the walls of the buildings. The whole village is imperfectly drained, and the fever has been most prevalent in the worst drained spots, and of course, as most of these calamities are, has been felt with moot severity by the poorest part of the population. Such is the state of Aylesford, and such, we believe, with greater or less degrees of intensity, is the condi tion of the majority of villages in the United King dom. In support of this statement we may appeal to a communication from Dr. Scorr ALISON, which ap peared a few weeks since in the Express, in which he points out the results of the neglect of drainage and clearing away accumulations of filth in the villages of Scotland. This is a subject which calls loudly for attention. If parish officers and the more opulent inhabitants of villages are so ignorant, or careless and prejudiced, as not to see that it would be to their own interest to prevent disease and death, and consequent poverty and dependence on the parish for relief, and even the prevention of the access of contagion to their own families, they ought at least to be com pelled, for the sake of the health and lives of their fellow-creatures, to remove the causes of these cala mities. Nor is this a difficult matter. The money that is spent in supporting the wife and family of a victim to typhus fever would in many cases be amply sufficient for the removal of the filth capable of engen dering a fever in the whole parish. Let those who delight to dwell on the evils of our " great-town system" ponder on these small village facts, and wel think they will find an Augean stable to cleanse amongst our rural population before they can come with clean hands to the rescue of the inhabitants of our towns and cities. Imagine Manchester or Bir mingham with a quarter of their population attacked with fever in six weeks, and a fiftieth part carried to their graves in the same period, and an idea may be formed of the destructive nature of the disease at Aylesford. Or suppose London and its suburbs thus neglected, and the bills of mortality would give us 40,000 deaths, a number within a few hundreds as great as that which was carried off in the United Kingdom by the epidemic cholera during the whole period of its visitation. The Peninsular steamer Royal Tar, which arrived on Saturday at Southampton, brings important news from Portugal. She left Lisbon on the 24th alt., and Oporto on the 2Gth, at which time the latter city was in open rebellion and in a state of blockade. Viana had been captured by the insurgents, and a strong rebel force was assembled at Coimbra. The Diario do Goreraa of the 24th, asserts that the rebels at Oporto were entirely deficient of money, but the general character of the insurrection had greatly alarmed the Queen's party, who feared that her Majesty would be obliged to leave Lisbon. A requi sition had been made to the British admiral, and his squadron was proceeding towards Lisbon. On the 21st it was about ninety miles to the westward of Cadiz. The Canopus only was at Lisbon when the Royal Tar left. The sixth anniversary of the accession to power of the Guizot-Soult Cabinet, was celebrated by a dinner given at the Chateau of St. Cloud, on Thursday last, by the king, at which all the members of the Cabinet were present, except the President of the Council,who was at his country scat of Soult-berg. These annual celebrations have been generally held at the htitcl of the President of the Council. In his absence, it is said that the real head of the government, M. Guizot. wished to receive his colleagues at the 11,;(el iles Af faires Etratag;ree, but, if the opposition organs arc to be credited, some of these colleagues were not disposed to pay that deference to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, which would have been implied by their accepting his invitation on such an occasion, and the inconvenience was avoided by the royal in terposition. Notwithstanding various semi-official announcements of approaching changes in the minis try, and a very explicit statement quoted by us lately from the Par tefeuille, a journal wluch is known to be in communication with the Foreign-office, to the effect that Marshal Soult had resigned the presidency, which was about to be immediately conferred upon M. Guizot, and that several members of the cabinet, mentioned by name, would retire, and be replaced by others entertaining political sentiments more in har mony with those of the new president, yet no such ministerial changes nor any other have taken place, or appear likely to ensue. This suspension of the process of remodelling the cabinet so formally announced, has attracted much attention, and friven rise to various conjectures, in connexion with which Le Commerce, Le Courrier lianqais, and other journals, circulate a report to the following effect ; that on Sunday last, Lord Normanby had an audience of the king at St. Cloud, and held a long personal conference with his Majesty, at which M. Guizot was not present Lord Normanby, on this occasion, assured the king that the English Ministry had received from Sir It. Peel and the members of the late government, a promise of the most cordial and unqualified support in parlia ment on the question of the Spanish marriage, and that the English ministry were aware of the diplo matic proceeding which had been taken by the Cabinet of the Tuileries to embarrass them on this qaestion with the opposition. It is further stated that almost at the moment of this conference at St. Cloud, M. Guizot re ceived a despatch from M. de Jarnac, the con tents of which fully corroborated the decla ration of the British ambassador. The embarrassment thus produced was further enhanced by a com munication received on Monday from Soult berg, in which the present President of the Council withdrew his resignation. Thus, it is said, all the plans for reconstructing the cabinet under the pre sidency of M. Guizot have vanished like an air-built castle. The deputation of the Spanish bondholders have been received by M. Guizot, who has expressed the liveliest sympathy towards them on the part of the government, and has given them the strongest assurances that he would use every means at his dis posal to bring about a speedy and satisfactory adjust ment of their claims. The inundations may now be considered as ter minated. The desolation of the country however, which is from day to day disclosed by the retiring waters, is most distressing. The loss of property o f every description is immense, and the prevalent feel ing is, that the amount of pecuniary aid proposed by government is utterly inadequate to the occasion, and exhibits no very creditable contrast beside thr: amount expended for purposes in which the nation really has no interest The Madrid mails of the 24th and 25th arrived in Paris on Friday, that of the 2P,th was still due when owe correspondent closed his d•mpatches. These journals contain no Spanish news of interest ; C,.‘ 1/15 4V Wl' GV Cl !XVIII rOrlallgl6l. w ilia 19th. Th e pree e in Portugal being extinguished, and the Dierio do G o .nerno being the mere vehicle for such communications' as the existing government desires to = h e t o t h e vublic, no source of intelligence is available except pricate correspondence. As may be expected under such Prcumstaaces, the journals of Madrid contain accounts cf the events which occur in Portugal strongly coloured with the peculite politics of each paper. The journals of the prtyressigtas declare that the triumph of the insurgents is certain, and an nounce that in Lisbon itself a movement has been ma nifested. The ministerial journals, on the other hand, express their confidence in the triumph of the Queen and the Saldanha ministry, deriving much hope from a division which has been manifested among the insurgents at Oporto. What is certain is, that the insurrectional junta of Oporto has resolved to maintain Queen Dona Maria on the throne; but to obtain from her the dismissal of the Saldanha ministry, and the restoration of the government to its condition before the 7th of October. It has sent an address to the Queen, in which it urges upon her this measure, justifying at the same time the arrest of the Duke of Terceira. This address con , eludes as follows : " The nation does not desire civil war, but it accepts the diellenge and takes up the glove which has been cast by the hart excusable of all errors of governments. May your Ma jesty ward off the evils which threaten us, and consent to dissolve a ministry which has so unfortunately commenced its career, and name another which will have the confidence of your people. Your Majesty will then sec the people lay down their arms with as much submission as on former oc casions." Besides this address, the Count das Antas has sent a letter to her Majesty, in which, after having assured her of the state of public feeling in the province of Minho, he adds: " Under these difficult circumstances, I have judged it wise and politic to direct every effort to the defeace of the throne and the country. This is what I have done, and doing, and will continue to do. Your Majesty will appre ciate my conduct and intentions. I glory in having served to the beat of my ability; it has been thus that I have merited the favour of your Majcity's father, my protector, my friend, and my general, eternally regretted. I would sacrifice to your Majesty all that is dear to me upon earth. I regret, Madame, that my services arc not greater. I lay them all at the foot of your throne, entreating, with the majority of the Portuguese. that jour Majesty will grant the wishes and wants of the nation." _ . . Although the Spanish ministerial journals con dude from this letter that the Count das Antas is not very sincere in his support of the insurrection, the other journals state that the people are full of zeal, and resolve to push the insurrection to the last ex tremity. El Clamor Public° states that 1,500 troops of the government wera on their march to Oporto, but the people of that city had a body of five times that number to oppose them. The Queen had appointed the Xing General-in- Chief of the army, her son, Don Pedro, a child of nine years old, Colonel of the Royal Guards, and another son, eight years old, to a naval command. Since the above was written, the Madrid mail of the 26th arrived, but brought no further intelligence of importance. The Gareta, the only journal which ap peared on the 26th, contains no news. No further intelligence had been received by government from Portugal, nor had any private correspondence been published. In a postscript to his letter of Saturday, our Paris correspondent says : " I have the best authority for stating that the French government has resolved to exercise all the influence it possesses to prevent any intervention on the part of Spain in Portugal, and even to prevent, if possible, any offensive demonstra tion by the concentration of troops on the Portuguese frontier, in such a manner as might raise the hopes of an intervention." The Journal des Debats, which lately adopted a tone respecting the Portuguese eoup Vial, such as raised apprehensions of the possibility or probability of the French government countenancing an interference in Portugal,hr.s more recently changed altogether its tone, and now condemns in unqualified terms, the late violent measures of the court. Accounts from Geneva to the 26th of October bring the result of the elections and a report of the first session of the Council-General. All remains tranquil. M. Fary-Pasteur was elected president ; Antoinne Tarteret and Tcllcicx were appointed vice-presidents, and MM. Raisin and Goy, secretaries. Great changes are spoken of in the higher adminis tration at Vienna. Baron Pillersdorf is mentioned as president of the Chamber of Finance ; Count Toatse as chancellor; Baron Kiibech is to be made minister of state. "It would be an illusion (says the Deutsche Allgenteirte Zeititreg) t• suppose that Austna remains indiff• rent to the question of the Spanish marriage, for it must not be regarded solely as a Spanish, but rather as an European question. The preponderance of France can never be a matter of in difference to Austria. French influence is preponderant at Rome, and is tilt more or lees throughout all Italy. Thus not Spain only, but the Italian peninsula is under its influence." FRANCE.—MURDER AND SUICIDE. Another horrible tragedy caused by disappointed love has lately been enacted in the department of the Haute Vienne. A young man named Lautreix, of the village of Lagrange, became deeply enamoured of a rich neighbouring farmer's daughter, who burned with a reciprocal flame, but the lov. r was poor, and her parents obdurate. On Sunday last Lau treic sought his Marguerite in the fields, and held a long conference with her, the nature of which is not known, but at its conclusion he drew a loaded pistol from his pocket, discharged it at her, and killed her. Retiring from her bleeding form to a distance of 300 yards, he again charged the pistol, and fired it into his own mouth; he fell for the moment, but soon found he had not done the deed effec tually. He consequently raised himself. and, mutilated es he was, went on towards the Lake of Ouelles, distant at least a quarter of a league. Another pool of blood in the way showed that he had fallen a second time, but once more gained sufficient strength to reach the water, and thus put an end to his life.—The Gazette des Tribtasauz gives an ac count of a murder and suicide under nearly similar circum stances, but in a different part of France :—" A young man named P— , employed in the Greffier'a office at Clamecy, lately became enamoured of a young girl in the neighbour hood, and asked his parents' permission to marry her. A decided refusal was given, on the ground that the girl was not by any means an advantageous match for him. On Sunday last he determined to make another application to his parents, but was again refused. He went out immedi ately, and informed the girl of what had occurred. She was overwhelmed with despair, and at last exclaimed, "Yon swore to be mine; let us die together !" He agreed to the proposal, and they determined to carry their intention into effect. The girl procured a bottle of spirits of turpentine, and the young man a pistol, and thus provided they pro ceeded to the Canal du Nivernais. They drank the contents of the bottle, and then tying themselves together with the strings of the girl's apron, placed themselves on the very edge of the canal. He then placed the pistol to his head, and fired. The charge shattered his skull, but did not kill him. At the moment the shot was fired, the girl jumped into the water, dragging after her the young man. But, when once in the water, the instinct of preservation returned, and the girl contrived to scramble out, pulling with her her unfortunate companion. Both then uttered cries of distress, and some persons coming up found them in that position. The young man expired shortly atter, but hopes are enter tained of saving the girl's life. The death of young P— has caused the deepest regret at Clamecy." PRICE OP BREAD IN PARIS.—The price of bread in Paris for the first fortnight of November is 43 centimes, the kilogramme equivalent to about 2 1-sth per lb. The common household bread, which this tariff regulates, is not equal in goodness to the bread of ordinary quality sold by the London bakers. _ _ _ SWITZERLAND.—It appears by the Rerue de Genire of the 28th, thattranquillity continues to reign in that city, and that the Radicals, under the advice and example of the president of the provisional government, are very mo(lerate after their victory. We extract the following from the Rtrue: " The service of the National Guard has been con siderably diminished. There is now only a detachment of thirty-eight men for the duty at the gates. At the Mtel de Vile then is only the ordinary poet of gendarmerie, and the installation of the grand council has taken place without • single soldier being present. The French detachment which was at Fernex has been withdrawn, and is now at the Fort de l'Ecluse. The most friendly relations have been esta blished between the troops of this detachment and our population. Some of the French ministerial journals have complained that letters from Geneva had been opened, and they accuse our post-office of having done this. These com plaints are not new ; they were frequent under the last government, and recently', in particular, were often renewed. But is the fact to be attributed to the office of Geneva, e, r t e the officers of the neighbouring states ? That is the g age tion. At this moment a severe investigation is go; ng on a t our post-office, and all persons whohavecomplain%s to make, either for the peat or the present, are reque , ge a to address them to the provisional director, M. Jaqur s Tiarier, who will do everything in his power to discover she authors of such 'tie is convinced that it is P be t e E n n y tr io o la N ted v.— ." 'r.he heavy rains which infractions. Up to the present time not at the poet-office of Geneva th a t the secre c y o f corre spondence lrAry h_as have fallen lately have ocea%loned in Italy and in Piedmont, the torrents have as la to the p r Al ev P :n't in several places l n de s n . all communication between France and Italy. Amonstthe b ye eco rY m a e imtrous suddenly atiro in so un d w bridges carried awe; was the Pont du Var, which was the only means of intercourse between France and Sardinia. On this point, mer.nres, however, have since been taken te esta blish a provisional communication. According to a letter from Nice of the 20th ult., there had been heavy falls of rain for several successive days which has caused the rivers to be dem otherhand they had had a salutary effect n the olive trees will be so much benefitted si of a most abundant growth next season. ' packet, which arrived at Nice that more' brought news that an American ' , net in out of that port, was driven by a gale from rocks of San Pier d'Arena and totally will creme were saved. PORTUGAL.—Though mini.ters that the present state of Portugal justifier on the part of this country, some measures deemed absolutely necessary for the protte tercets in that country. It is understood ti at present in the Tagus will be im nie di atel that a special coninussioner, Colonel 11?)1‘.1 Portugal without relay for the purpo se o f vemment with authentic information as to tical parties and the condition of the distui cardioit to t h e P ar i s Winiaterial journals, lotion in Portugal is disapproved of by a meat ; and accounts from Madrid inform u intervention is not to extend beyond the n troops upon the frontier. to THE NETHERLANDS. —TH E 28, 29.—The Second Chamber of the St tinued the discussion of the address Majesty's speech from the throne. Amen posed to some articles and rejected, will two or three, when the whole being pu agreed to by a majority of 31 to 12. Ocr. 30.—The law for prolonging of provisions was voted unanimou,ly by ti hers present. GERMANY.—BERLIN.—The con Diet is to discus the following proposition duction of a general constitution in the mission of citizens, not landed proprietor 3. Sittings of the Diet in public. 4. Free VIENNA, Ocr. 24.—The latest ae from Ofen, dated Oct. 22, of the health Archduke Palatine, speak of a comidtra better. His Imperial Highnew the A elder brother of the Palatine, left Ofen that circurtrtiFice was regarded 114 a prof of the Palatine was confidently expecte( Stephen still remains. The bulletin says Highness had a quiet night, and is plum failure of Messrs Ghirardello and Co., holders, has caused a new fall in all rai shares on the Kaiser, Ferdinand, Nord-13 Gloggnitser, 124 ; Milan, 1061; and Pesti SCHLESWIG, Ocr. 25.—Among tli positions which have been submitted to tit states of Schleswig, that of the Duke of S Sonderburg-Augustenhurg merits attentin follows:—"The assembly requests the E velop the rights of the states of Schleswig that they may have a deciding rate both I and the use made of the taxes, as also Second, to convoke to that end:two asseml ing elections, to be formed into one !iogl present to the same the project of a cuasti u to come to an agreement with the goys . CHRISTIAN AtOI.7aTIN, Duke of &bless CIALICIA.—Piquets of cavalry, un a lieutenant, and accompanied by a pries of Galicia, with orders to shoot any pen obey their orders. The priest was to I sacrament, and hear their confession her Similar piquets are said to patrol the Hut A letter from Naumburg (I'russi pounces that, on October 21, the del received communication of an order from dissolving the Council, for having refused to the Diet, notwithstanding the rem Superior President of the Province. Ths mediately to proceed to a new election. ' have been dismissed ore not re-eligible fot new Assembly should refuse to nominate will not only withdrew their vote in the Naumburg of municipal institutions. THE LEVANT.—ALEXANDRIA, Highness, the 'Viceroy, left Alexandria 1 4th for Cairo. lie enjoys most excellso Each*, who had proceeded to Lower Ea: tonally the damage done by the overt; has returned to the capital. The embao re-constructed. The maize harve=t is of the cotton has not suffered as much r posed. The waters of the Nile are stati pected to fall daily. Commercial tran very active the last ten days. The prii from 80 to 8.5 p. ; beans, 621 to 661 p. belonging to the government and private 38 to 40p. A. great deal has been dour more than 20,000 ardebs have been Mw 15,000 of beans were sold at 621, and 70, at from 42 to 464 p. Six hundred bales at a price varying from 240 to 250 p. ASIA.—THE CHOLERA.—Letters to the 26th Sept. state that the cholera the Russian quarantine on the Caspia the districts of Saigon and Leukeran. I the Caspian the mortality was great, i other diseases considered forerunners of The inhabitants of Teheran have been to 60,000 by this dreadful scourge, and t and their suites were still residing at Al neighbourhood of Schemen, not daring I JAVA.—Thy accounts from Java Overland Mail, state that general tin there. In the first half of this year, pi peered in Ceram and likewise in Sambas off some people and seized some native ti captain of an Arab merchantmen who ha had brought word of the destruction vessels, by an English man-of-war corn and bound to Borneo. The expedition to Java, the garrison which is to remain and the Dutch flag hoisted with much sr tinned to be dear in Java in consrquer the crops last year. We understand been sent to the government proposini duty on coffee imported into the mother BORNEO.—According to a letter dated the 31st of August last, the state was more satisfactory. Subsequent to tl fleet under Sir Thomas Cochrane at Sultan returned to Brune, from whence letter to her .Majesty, craving pardon fi taining many assurances of future go( information has been communicated to China Association of London by Mr. Mr. Brooke, who adds, " The Sultan his former engagements, so that on Sir 'J possession of Lahuan, in conformity w forwarded to him by direction of Lord P land mail of July last, her Majesty's 20 no obstacle whatever to render any fort' a British settlement on that imoortant Lieut. Waghorn's courier reached hour on Saturday morning from Alexand dispatches for Government and the Et The accounts front India by this mice than those published on Friday, which milks by the Peninsular and Oriental Arid, and thence transmitted by special nary Overland Mail, via Marseilles, is e night. SOT:TRAM. , fOltl, SUNDAT Nmirl Ir.dia Mail, by the Pottinger, Captain CI The dates of the Pottinger are Alexis Malta 18th • Gibraltar 05th The Pott i nger and Cyclops ran agrc and Portsmouth this morning, owing U fog. A Cowes steamer conveyed the a to Southampton. The Pottinger will shortly be got t The position of the Cyclops is not so far( Turk and the Dock steam tug have left getting the steamer off. be Court. WINDSOR, SCNDAY.—Yesterday H.R.H. Prince Albert took their usual and again walked in the afternoon. H.R.H. Prince Albert, attentle mour, enjoyed the sport of shonting Seel H.R.H. the Duchess of Gloucesti Ltd. in waiting (Lady C. Murray), left The Lord Chancellor took his d Castle yesterday. The Duke of Norfolk remains Castle on Friday after the I.,irry Counci His Grace left the Castle resterday mot This morning her Majesty al walked on the eastern terrace and slop( Their Royal Hir;hnesses the I'i the Princess !loyal ', A ka their usual ext Her Majesty and H.R.H. Print and gentlemen of, the court, and the attended Divitr a Service in the Privat and Rev. C. li.slie Courtenay officiated Their Re,yal Highnesses the Du M Cambridge., and the Hereditary Oral Duchess oil Mecklenburg-Strelitx. retur at Kew on Saturday from honoring th chioness of Ailesbury with a visit at th tam-?ark, Wilts. the Duchess of Gloucet residence at Richmond, on Saturday Maiesty at Windsor Castle. VISIT OF HER MAJESTY TO A A complete change has taken place which were in contemplation up to T 1 departure of the Court from Windsor, the Duke and Duchess of Norfolk. at . Court, it is expected, will now rema after the 9th inst., the birthday of I Wales: on which day a grand entertaii her Majesty, in honour of the occasio distinguished party of guests. We mt Duke of Norfolk left Windsor on Satur cise day on which her Majesty and the at Arundel Castle had not been del stated that the Court will proceed to few days in the course of the ensuing not improbable that her Majesty and hi pay their promised visit to Arundel CI to Windsor for the winter mason,