The Express. — London, England, 1857-12-01 00:00:00

TM DAM Mgt LONDON 1101111M0 2 6 2 1 1 =1"" ....asssisa el la Ow seems We se Ile essesel . 2 Nrall 1 17=:: Um eelee% euMme• eered emeeeeel la libelee. neve& =...01 redo-4M preeMe me. Rive to MILIABLII MID 111114.211.4 1. , Mb . ..... r Rive! ~. el efletegibe loam Mee • AZ TSUI IMPOIT. 1.11 P Li OZMIPIIP a ADVIIaTIM Froe u re: Bl* Xerlin,==ilralerhuiS r. 0 gm IrroliCw or eseerreeleelem: w ei Tra=j ve artsiss *sow tog mats' is 2.llll7res== tO masa glie expreoo. Worismaaa . 11•OOPINIM" Ueda Oman Mir. Iwo %• al Ye Oa% 111. isemlosw.W TIN Meek as es dal NAL Mo m vv 11Wle.tow w a rla "M ; • 1179181118wWwl .1).MMINOI II I. I nt ag@r 7l M* 111C1 . 10:m. 11110 Peon soft la will'. vis in.r. s _ ro. DI ur a wtwauloa 111111. Mr 1114111 WM= AT LONDON BILIDOI. U si x 4l.o6 -111•Ibb ~oft lb. Vs. YAM" lib lie. LONDON. TUESDAY, DICIM22III 1. to the agricultural resources Allah amen°, and mutual communication have opened to us sines the beginning of the century. Over a great part of England, Ireland, and Scotland the rivers no longer drain the land u they did some centuries ago, and as they might easily be rude to drain it again ; and at the same time the spreid of agricultural drainage, bringing down larger quantities of water and with more rapidity, requires more work from the rivers than they bad to perform in old times. The increase of floods is &subject of common remark in all countries where sgrieulture is in an advancing state. Few years now psi. without inundations in some part of the kingdom ; and there are districts uhcre the mia elude attendant on inundation are permanent. Wherever there art water-mills occasioning a dam ming up of the stream; wherever obstacles to the free Now of the rivers and brooks have grown up; where ever the neighbouring farm-drainage exceeds the capacity of the arterial channel, a set of evils is sure to be found established, which we lament over u • net ional calamity when they occur on a larger scale at intervals elsewhere. The farmers find their lambing stamens somehow less fa•our►ble in such places than their fathers did : the sheep go off with foot-rot, and the feeding at the stock in winter grows move expensive. Worse than that, the farmers themselves and their families loss their health, and are carried to the churchyard hater than their fore fathers were. The infants hare croup; the young people an consumptive ; the rest are subject to bronchitim ; and fever is always creeping about among the labourers' cottages. It is jest in such places that the land lapses behind the mill, however much may have been reclaimed or improved on the uplands by new know ledge and improved methods. A single watermill— itself more expensive than • steam-mill would be, from the uncertainty of its working—often turns several acres of good laud into swamp, by bash ing the water ; and when it has been at work king enough, it fills the nearest churchyard. Whole villages which ones were at least dry, whatever else they might be, are now damp in their foundations, and disease comes reeking up with every summer's Art= Ida has paned on the rubject the public msy, we emppear, reremdely expert that Parliamen tary Mons will occupy a place in the Queer's Speech os Thursday next ; and that so far, at lent, lard PALIIIICTON'S pledge will be fulfilled. The Onion will, in that care, open without imposing on any el the Liberal party the diesgreenble duty of semen at once into indict with the Cabinet on a question of political tote grity and personal honour. The most ardent Parliamentary Re hewn will not forget that the Session is one et unusual and serious importance, that then ara subjects and questions to consider and legis late en that will require abstinence and modern_ It.. OM their parts ; that Ministers are, in the pre sent situation of the country, entitled to occupy very fully the time of the House with Government bissioess, and that every one who wastes an hour, or a night, in the nrly part of the session, assists the enemies and opponents of Parliamentary Reform in getting rid of the question for aeothe: year. Economy of parliamentary time is, therefore, the especial duty of every parliamentary reformer. We must be content, in the first instance, with a frank and temperate saellianee, in the Querzes Speech, that the Cabinet is prepared to bring forward a messure of Reform. Haring got that, the next thing is to take care, as far es lies with the popular re presentatives, that by Easter, at latest, the field is tolerably clear for its introduction and consideration, Assuming, then, that Lord PALNIZISION is now seriously persuaded of the policy of dealing with the queettnn this Session, he has nevertheless bith inteinal and external difficulties to encounter. Patten:Rh the recusant section of his Cabinet may bare yielded so far as to agree to the insertion of a paragraph in the tacrev's Speech, it cannot for a moment be expected that this section will accept the passage in the sense in which it is rend from the Throne. On the contrary, the opponents of Reform in the Cabinet will give encouragement to every expression and menifestation of dislike at now intro ducing a measure,* ill sympathise with every wish for its further postponement, and will indoor, by every agency in its power, ether Lord HARRY V %NES to entreat Lord r•LIIERrION to withdraw for another yeas the subject from Parliament. In short, Lord PALM e.RATON wilt, we may be certain, still be In CuouweLis time it was computed that mills worth 101, or 12/. a year, destroyed land worth 20!., or 301, or 404. ; and representations to that effect were made to the Lord General. In those days there were no steam•miUa, and the application of the products of the coal fields to the arable fields remained to bo discovered. Neither was it perceived that the same mills which drowned the land, killed the people who lived near it. Yet was it urged upon Government that the rivers should be looked to—their banks (shoals) levelled, the channels deepened and equalised, their courses straightened, their corners cut off or better rounded, obs•ractive trees and bushes grubbed ap ; and, above all, the weirs, flood-gates, and other re gnhating apparatus well looked to. There is no evi deuce that sudden calamities from flood were any thing like those we have become almost accustomed to from overflow of channels and drains, from tor rents and landslips, and from wide districts being laid under water—it may be at seed time, it may be at harvest. And, if this were not enough to set us thinking of a remedy, we have the remarkable fact that floods occur moat frequently and most fatally where natural channels abound, and least where the old fens were almost always under water. (in behalf of the old times it is said that there are wide regions which the waters then had all to themselves, and which see now under tillage but this fact testifies to the practicability of getting the evil under control. Goring the year when the Holmtirth reservoir burst, and when the Wye broke banks, and when whole counties were under water, the Bedford Levels were dry and fertile. It is well-directed labour that is wanted to make one part of the island as eafe from inunda tion as any other; and if the ordinary demand for labour does not permit a sufficient ap propriation of it to this object, it aeons right to take adrantage of en exceptional season liko the pre sent to institute the improvement, as far as eircnos stances permit. expand to a great preaserefiom rrithin to postpone the performance of his promise indefinitely even after it has received a place in the QtreN'll Speech. With this prospect it iv very neereary to keep up a counter-pressure on the Cabinet from without: sot hostilely, not hypercritically, no( mischievously, but in a epirit of earnestness, seriousness., and self respect not to a waste or disregard of public time or bas.ness in Parliament, but by making clear and ▪ ident to the Government in other quite Si obvious and suggestive way., that the Parliamentary Reformers will not be party or privy to any sham or delusion, that Minister, may relc on their effec tive assistante and co-operation in consider;ng and legislatiog on the questien in a right spirit, and that their coniideoee and ►upport are dependent on the mode in which the question is dealt with by the (bluer t. Ma Duke and Ductless of Sutherland arrived at Stafford Home last ammisir. His grata arm from Worksop Kara, where Ira Imallass oat a virit to Lord and Lady Foley. The durben ease tram Castle Howard, Yorkablre. •• • The Duke of lhvonshire bad a grand dinner party at Hardwicke Hell, his fins tamale] residence near Chester half , on 1 Corday evening last. After the banquet 'heroics@ a carrot dance, at which hie rata*. chamber band pea-awed. A r led circle of the seigtibowring gentry were invited. 116 ran. ,atinues in excellent health. The Duchess (Dowager) of Norfolk arrived in fismil.flo-plare list ortolan, from Minas Lord and Lady Foley, at Worksop Manor, Notts. The Duke and Duchess of itoxburghe have sa uced at the Clarendon Hotel, from Paris. •• • • - - The Marquis and Marchioness of Salisbury hare a distinguished thole et 1106eld House, Herta, sad to-mos tow give s grand !tall to the nobility and gentry of the esouty. The Marquis of Bath will learo London at the fatter end of the week for Longleat, Wilts, where his lord ship intends to receive company. The Earl and Countess of Ellesmere left Bridge water Howe a few d►ys since, ca a visit to the Countess (bAragtrl of Ellesmere, at flatebfmd, near Cobham, Surrey. 'no noVe earl will return to town to-morrow, to be presint at the parliamentary dinner given by Earl Gran ville We observe with sat'.eraction that torsi works are being andertakrn in carious directions for the employ ment of able-bodied workmen, adrift in the present crisis. There are many places in England where works of cot-cnience or ornament perpetuate, not disagree ably, the remembrance of seasons of distress; and it wrem, probable that there will be more. There is a wide dtfiren:c between the miserable attempts at Gore. a-nent road-making in Ireland, ten years ago— lweun when the people were too weak to handle thou tools property,and ending in fragmentary road ways eil.ich hare never been turned to use end special undertakings of local importance, set on foot by the ci:iMll3,aadeeterminats in extent and amount. The class of enterprises to which we now refer are epecitic pieces of work which will cost so mach money, occupy so many men for so many weeks, and are Tho Countess of Fowls and the Ladies Herbert ant meat the arms at Poufs Castle, surneaded by a select abate. The teoble earl and the Ma. Ca sse l P erc y Herbert ars expected Is taus la • few days. The Earl and Countess Spencer will leave town la a few days for Altharp Park, Northamptosehire. The Earl and Countess Stanhope at rived yesterday at their T. 01.110. la Ihrarsosor-place, foie visiting Sir 14warl and Lady Candi"' lisrdscas, at Oakley Park, Suf certain to alf,ird suck and such conveniesces,withoot interfering with the regular labour market. As an opulent country gentlemen chooses an unprosperous winter for draining his land or improving his epproaeLes, that his poor neighbours may support thcasseli es, so a tows may eve such an opportunity es the present trivia affords for bsilJiog, or road asking, or laying out a public park, or making a botanic garden. At such times as these, it is an inquiry of the lam importance what kind of public work, of sufficient extent to employ any considerable Duna& r of labourers, is the very best that can be aiu•d at. After the memory conditions of its bring feasible in regard to compass, cost, &c., it is of c! of importance that it should be productive. If proaut tire of more food, it is a very high order of The Earl of Eglinton will arriie in town to-day frost figlista. Coda N. 8., tits noble earl bating wads a aeries al vials as roots. The Earl and Cougar Poulett are pawing the moos at their ark Stale fa. George, Soraemet. The Earl and Coasts of ('ork have left Welheek Abbey, co a stall b the Earl of ilarewood, at Harewood Howse, Yorkshire. . . Ste Court. WINDSOR, MOTIOLT. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. meek; and if, while productive of ioereMied food, it dinainkbes suffering, sickness, and death, it is the very highest order of improvement. There is such a elan of weeks wanted smog us, cod in almost every part of the kingdom, and we have an array of high autkor,tiea in favour of its being the most desirable of sll possible enterprises that we can undertake. The late Sir Rouser l'Ett thought so ; Mr. Gis aoaste thought so; ARTHUR YOUNG, we believe, gave his testimony to the same effect; and so, we dosbt not, will every eminent agriculturist is Eug lasd, besides other good judges of the case. One of the most gt tally needed improvements et this class is Arterial and District Drainage, in order to repair the damage wrought by time on oar rivers and streams, and to give their due value (raox ors. ow% PARIS, MONDAY EV1411310. Viscouxt rowerleourt is expected in town to morrow, 'tom Bohm& Lord and Lady Blantyre arrived at Stafford Row, last emalag, from &Wand. The noble lord and her 124,14 lOU shortly lean on a too to Covriaany. Lord 'Boughton has left on a visit to the Duke of &Afoul, et Woburn Abbey. - _ Lord itcdesdals comes to town on Thursday, from Batdued l'ark, Otoweetershbe. _ _ Lord Stanley, NIX., has arrived at the Earl of Derby's reridesoe, to St. Juana-square, fur the meeting of parlOunent. Lady Nl'harneliffe and the lion. Miss Stuart Wools, kit town yesterday, un a visit to the Counter of at Penis Castle, biontgotneryablre. Lord Walaingham come, to town to-day from Marton Hall, Norfolk. Her Wyatt la especial at the latter end of the week. Lord and Lady Corn° Rumen have returned to Cbester-aqoare, bon via-ting the Doke of Bodfced, at Wo burn Abbey. _ . Co.onel the Hon. Strange Jocelyn and Mrs. looelyn arrived is town, a hw days entre, front a tour of viaito in Ireland. The pliant colonel sill lairs town to day to o n his rogintent at Windsor. Colonel the Hon. Arthur Egerton and Colonel Thewger have left town, on a tour in Italy. TER EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 1, 1857. The Queen, accompanied by the Princess Royal asd Princess Alice, rode in the Riding•hasse this morning, Wombed by the Hon. Emily Cathcart. The Prince Consort, with Prince Frederick William of Penn* vett out shooting. The Count cd Paris and the Duke clChartres arrived from Richmond to shoot with the Prism and returned spin In the evening. The Marquis of Lansdowne, the Comets' of BliaMorne, the Right Hon, Sir George Ursy, and the Right Hon. T. Pemberton Leigh, left Windsor In the forenoon. A Cabinet Council was held yesterday at the official residence of the First Lord of the Trea sury, in Downing-street. The ministers present were—Viscount Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor, F.srl Granrille, the Marquis of Lansdowne, the Earl of Harrowby, Sir George Grey, the Earl of Clarendon, Mr. Secretary Labotichere, the Chan- cellor of the Exchequer, Sir Charles Wood, the Right lion. R. Vernon Smith, Lord Stanley of Alderley, the Duke of Argyll, and the Right lion. M. T. Baines. Tier Majesty will hold a Privy Council to-morrow (Wed nesday) at Buckingham Pekes. The Marquis of Lansdowne returned to town yesterday fora visiting the Queen at Windsor Castle. The Judicial Couunitiee of the Privy Council eat yester day. An appeal from Bengal, " Chnoturys Kan Murdtut Ben v. &hub Purhuled syn" (part heard), wan resumed. Despatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-dike from the Governors of the North Americas provinces. The Emperor, accompanied by a single side-de camp, went to Vincennes at four o'clock yesterday afternoon, to visit the scene of the late catastrophe. Ile ukod to see ill the wounded, and spoke to each of them some words of consolation. lie minutely in spected the theatre of the accident, and made in quiries as to the cause, remaining at Vincennes till half-pelt Bee. Marshal Magnin, who is one of the best engineers in the army, stayed at Vincennes till nine o'clock last night, directing in person the operations of the troops employed to clear away the immense mass of rubbish which buried the guard-house when the arches fell in. The handsome new church of St. Clotilda was consecrated to-day by the Cardinal Archbishop of l'aris, and will henceforth be open to the public. Divine senice will be regularly performed in it every day. The ceremony of this morning - was ' not the final dedication to the patron saint, which is intended to come off with great pomp in the month of June neat. It was merely a provisional benediction (something analogous to half baptism), in order to enable the clergy to officiate in the building: The towers of St. Clotilds, which all risitorsmasfgve observed from the Champs Elyskt, have for some time formed a striking addition to the architectural beauties of Paris. The church is situated in the very centre of the fisallionable part of the Faubourg St. Germain, and although the ceremony of to-day was comparatively:private, no less than five minis- ten attended in the character of parishioners. M. Chan d'Estange was installed to-day as Pro cureur-General to the Imperial Court of l'aris. The Bourse has been very firm, although the Reute closed only at yesterday's prices. Railways have improved considerably. Lyons and Eastern rose 17fr. 60e. each ; Western, 221 r. 60c. ; and the other Ines from 7fr. to 12fr. News has arrived of • large failure in Hamburg. The CurPospondmare Bullier says—apparently in earnest—that the students of St. Petersburg, Mos cow, Berlin, Vienna, Oxford, Ghent, and Turin have clubbed together to found a journal to be published at Paris, under their own management, and to be called the Puffs des Ecoles! A very painful occurrence has lately happened at St. Etienne, which the French papers are, I believe, prohibited from alluding to. The son of a senator residing there, married, about two years since, the daughter of a rich chemist in the town. At the end of two months they separated. The daughter returned to hcrfather's house,where in due time she was delivered of • child, now thirteen months old. She frequently walked about St. Etienne with the child and its nurse. It appears that her father-in-law, the sena tor, lately formed the design of getting this child into his own custody, and nith that object caused her to be followed by the police during her walks. Ho had succeeded in persuading the chief commis sions' of police of the town to aid him in the project. One day last week the lady in question was walking through the galleries of the museum at the Hotel de Ville, accompanied by her servant with the child, when a police agent came up to tell her that a per son was waiting to speak to her down stairs. She went outside the building, and during her absence the child was taken away. When she found the trick that had been played upon her she uttered piercing crits, and to silence her was thrust into a room in the Hotel de Ville, where she was for some time kept a prisoner. Ulti mately she escaped into • garden, separated from the street by an iron railing, through the bars of which she told her story to the passers by. An immense crowd assemblid, and it was feared at ono moment that an attack would be made upon the Hotel de Ville. The people were, however, appeased by the release of the lady, who has applied to the courts of law for the restoration of her child. Mean while the government has dismissed the Commissary of Police, whose conduct had so nearly led to an attack by the mob on the Prefect's residence. The Prefect was wholly innocent in the matter. THE PRINCIPALITIES. "The Austrian government," says a Vienna letter in the Cologne Gazette," has lately sent the draft of a project to Constantinople for the organisation of the Principalities. It appears to be founded on the original English scheme, but is modified in such a way us to leave out the union altogether; it re tains only those dispositions which Austria, us the nearest neighbour of the country, with the state of which she is thoroughly acquainted, thinks compa tible with the rights and interest of the Porte. It is thought Prussia approves of this project." A Vienna letter in the German Journal of Frank fort states that a considerable number of prayer books, ornamented with the portrait of the Emperor Alexander, as head of the Russian church, have been I recently distributed gratuitously among the Ron main and tklavonian intuabitnnts of the countries along the Lower Danube. The young prince to whom the Qoeen Isabella hay just given birth will, according to the levee of Buis, bray the title of Prince of the A.sturiam, u heir precunptive to the throne. The Duke de Bordeaux haa just given some grand hunting parties at Frelmiorff. Amongst the personages in rtoed to them were M. its Budberg, ittU'Ailll minister at 'Vienna, and M. de Preform, Neapolitan minister in the same city. The Second Chamber of Holland, on Friday, re jected the budget of the war department by 36 votes to 32. This might, It was supposed, lead to a isinistaria PIEDMONT. (IPROX Ora OWN CO RIESPONDZWT.) TURIN, Nov. IS. It cannot bo denied that the great clerical con spiracy to control our political elections has been managed with singular unitedness and ability, taking for its pattern the modes of proceeding and the practices of some of the secret societies. The clergy were formed into special committees of five, the members of one committee not being known to those o another. They . had laboured for several months, each in his district, to convert the least in structed and most tractable of the electors, and to make them promise to give their votes to those per sons whose names should be made known to them only on the eve of the election day. The employ ment of no means of moral constraint, as I told you in my lost, has been neglected; and it appears, on carefully examining the list, that of the new Chamber the Clerical Party will form not much less than one third. They are almost all mustered from Savoy, Liguria, and the island of Sardinia ; and it was from the reports of the result of the polling there having arrived at Turin later than from other parts of the kingdom, that we were induced by the news of the first sixty elections re ported to us to augur somewhat too favourably for the Ministry and its policy. The Liberals murmur much against Rattazu, and accuse him of a lack both of vigilance and ability. It is certain that on the Teel eve of our elections, the Minister of the In terior did not foresee the result, and believed that the tridui, the sermons, the pastorals, and other such artifices and demonstrations would fail in a great measure of their effect. But it should be re membered that after being surprised by such a bitter disappointment, it is lout natural—nay, it is a necessary and beneficial consequence of it—that the public should blame somebody for what has hap pened. The matter is, indeed, a very serious one; and any division in the great liberal party may give the Right section a majority in the Chamber. On the other hand, it will be impossible to effect any compromise or arrangement with the latter, as might be dons, perhaps, in Belgium, where the clergy, although they wish to control and get possession of education and the instruction of the people, never theless are not hostile to the free institutions which may be said to have been their own work at the time of the expulsion of the Dutch. The majority of our clergy, on the contrary, hate liberty and representative government, both because these are seen to be op posed to the old ecclesiastical privileges, and also because our clergy aro more directly subjected to the influences and suggestions of Rome. The whole of the ultra-conservative and bigotted party throughout Europe is in league with them, and the official and semi-official Austrian journals betray the great expectations and lively hopes which are cherished at Vienna. The veq fact that no compromises or half-measures will now be possible augments their confidence. Our enemies believe that even should the government incline towards the Moderates of the Itight section, the latter would very soon be compelled to yield to the exigencies of the Clerical party or extreme Right, who are more compact and numerous, as well as violent and fanatical, and who have themselves re peatedly declared, that the Moderates of the Right, or what are called Count Revers party, should form the bridge by which they, the extreme Itight, might attain to power. An Englishman perhaps may ask how it is that our clergy feel so angry with political liberties, and with laws which ilowise offentl against Catholic doctrine or the legitimate authority of the Church? Why do they cry anathema against the Liberals in Piedmont, and condemn as impious and heretical , the institutions which they have tolerated in France and in Belgium, and which they tolerated until lately also in the Austrian Empire? I answer it is because Piedmont is in Italy, and threatens all the absolutist governments of the Peninsula, but chiefly that of Rome. Had not the kingdom of Sardinia been ruled by constitutional government, it might have been allowed to follow up and practise the principles of the French Concordat. But its consti tutional liberties, if they continued, might propagate themselves throughout all Italy, and involve the temporal dominion of the l'ope in extreme peril. Hence the formidable combination formed against Piedmont by all the clergy who obey the injunc tions of the Roman Curia, and the precepts of the Jesuit committee at Paris. The inference to be drawn from this is one which I have often sug gested, and whichl would inculcate constantly upon your own great nation. Let those who fear the spread of Ultramentanism, and the designs of the retrograde party, take care not to abandon the l'iedmontcse, and acek to promote the salvation of Italy. But to return to the new Chamber, which is to be opened in ten days from this time, I elm enabled to inform von that the ministry, strong in the favour of the king, is well resolved to combat the Right section by all the legal means in their power, and without yielding an inch of the ground it at pre sent occupies. This determination will be expressed in the royal speech with such dignity as befits the language of a sovereign who always stands above all political parties, and impartially judges their conflicts. The first contest will soon take place on the verification of parliamentary powers, in which will be exposed to the public the moral compulsion put upon the electors, especially in the rural dis tricts. The results of this first contest may be taken as a sample of what is to follow. Meanwhile the Left, with the exception of a few individuals of no great weight, promises to unite heartily with the ministerialists and secure a majority for Count Ca your. The clerical party are somewhat disconcerted by this firmness, and the less violent amongst them speak of moderate and conciliatory measures. It is most important now to enlighten the country, and to expose the foul arts and machinations employed by the retrogradists in order that a result more en tirely favourable to liberty and progress may ere long be obtained. We have a proverb that it is not all evils which come to do harm ; and perhaps the crisis through which Piedmont is now passing will redound to the great advantage both of Piedmont and of liberal ideas, since it is impossible fur the clerical party ultimately to triumph. This coun•ry is by nature quiet, orderly, and obedient to tho law. But the dominion of the clerical party in parliament would he the only provocation which would involve it in any serious danger of a revolution. A. Mdlle. I'iceolomini, M. Ginglini, and a few other members of the company of Her Majesty's Theatre, are at present performing is Germany with greet success. The Portuguese Consul-General brings under the notice of the benevolent the great distress that has arisen at Liebon in consequence of the ravages of the yellow fever. Any subscriptions which may be sent to him In aid of the fund which bee been organised in Lisbon for the relief of the sufferen by the epidemic will be forwarded. The Lord Bishop of Briinu has just edified the faithful in the Austrian empire by announcing that " the oil of St. Walburgn" poetesses miraculous powers. Its certifies that a girl in an institution kept by "the Daughters of Chris tian Charity " did on a certain day kiss a bottle containing the aforesaid oil, and was Immediately cured of an Intlecunation of the eyes, which was so violent that she was attune blind. The biehnp was so much struck by this that he ordered the Daughters of Christian Charity for era to keep holy the 7th of November, that being the day on which " the miracle" was performed. MAR9IIAL NAR'.A)Z AND M. °CELT. T RENTE.— It may be remembered that about • year ev • violent alter cation took place at Madrid between Marshal Mumma and U. Quell y !Mote, husband of Ilona Jambs, Mater of the King—and that the latter conceiving himself grossly in sulted, sent the former • challenge, but that the Marrlial was made to monde by the Captain-General of Madrid that he would not fight, and that M. Quell y Rent*, having re fused to give a similar promise, was wooled. Subsequently Marshal Server s became Prime Idiniater, and U. °sell y Remo had to leave Spin. He recently returned to Madrid, end renewed bin chap age. no Madrid correspondent of the Irrapetodarter, In • recent letter, stated that the marshal cossenited to accept the duel proposed, but subject to the condition that It ahoold not be fought with swords, because "It was notorious that M. Guell y Rage, during his Tear's "tar at Paris, had con stantly exercised himoeU with that weapon." M. Quell y Rentc, in • letter to the lovlipesulagre, now Mateo that It id not true that he did this—that, in fact, he was only throe months in Parlymd that daring that time hemmer appeared in • fencing school. He adds that as ho was insulted, - be had the right to chore* his weapon, and that documents to bo published by his seconds will show "what motives are alleged modify conditions originally accepted." THE LEVIATHAN. The public are never particularly anxione about th• details of failures, particularly when they come in such regular ineesiesien as has been the ammo with the attempts to launch the Leviathan, whose huge mass still looms sulkily over Father Thames, se nervosa about her anal plunge se would be • schoolboy in he first swimming lesson. It will, therefore, not ho neemeary to do more than read, in the slightest possible manner, the cauaes which led to the intemm tlon of the launch on the day of the lest great attempt, and to mention in an equally cnnory way the expedients which have been adopted since then to prevent, it possible, the re currence of another "sickening" case of " hope deferred." On the former wanton it will be remembered that much vir tuous indignation was exhausted on the old City mooring chains, which chains it turns, out, however, belonged to the royal dockyard, and It was emulates( very reprehensible that after fifty years' hard tugging from the top, and as much comfortable rusting at the bottom of the water, they should at last give way under • strain of about fifteen Una greater than any they had hitherto been exposed to daring their long and useful, although unobtrusive career. With the dockyard authorities the attacks which have been made on the tenacity of their time-honoured tackling is quite • matter of feeling; and they eloquently contend that the Salt lay not in the weeklies of their moorings, but in the earthmen which, without any previous investigation or test, put them to a work which could never have been con templated in their original construction. And, even allow ing them to be defective, it is further urged that these defects were not the main cause of the last (but one) failure. It wss the giving way of the earth behind the hydraulic messes, ss much as that of the chains before, that brought matters to a dead lock on the mullion alluded to ; and it has been in attempt. to import something like solidity to the semi-fluid terrain of Mill wall that the interval that has seised since has been exhausted. Here, It must be observed, ill-natured critics step in and complain of a great oversight. It la urged, and with some appearance of fusibility, that in setting up hydraulic presses to move each a mass as the Leviathan, the careful engineer would have considered the minute previous examination of his ground an in dispensable preliminary, and would not have waited to be taught by the giving way of his gear that a few mole piles judiciously placed might have given him a suer fulcrum for his mighty leverage. The defect all along —and Nome defect must be admitted, elm why so many failutee—menis to have been a pa,imony in the proviaion of mechanical or motive power. From the commencement of the experiments traction and propulsion seem to have been too sparingly applied, se if the object were to ascertain the minimum force that would do, rather than the abundant maximum which would have secured success beyond say chance of Interruption. Scientific men tell us that ell than points are mere matters of calculation, and that the force ne cessary to bear any given weight, or to move any given mass, can be accurately met down on paper In the office of the en gineer, and that all that is necessary after is that the me chanic should faithfully execute the work according to pattern. We have a dim recollection that such was the cam with the Metal Bridge under the superintendence of Robert Stephenson, and that the allowances for deflection—la that cue the main point of interest—were in every case found to be ample, indeed generally to be in excess of the rmults of actual experiment. The obvious course in such an excep tional experiment ea the launch of the Leviathan would ap pear to be to provide • superabundance of the force supposed to be required, and so to prepare for contingencies which could not possibly have been foreseen in any previous calm tallow. liconomy be no doubt, an excellent element in every enterprise, but the true economy after all is to provide for its being carried out efficiently end at once, se the repair of every failure, like the cure of a relapse in human ailment, generally Imes more In anxiety and expense than would have ensured • oertaintyof mews in the first instance. In com mon, we believe, with the whale British nation, we feel a warm interest in the rumen of the Leviathan. We believe the principle upon which she is built to be eound, and the melts abc is likely to produce in interoceanie commerce and transit far beyond calculatiott. Wo bare made every &Bow lines for the difficulties attending her launch, and have wil lingly submitted our judgment to that of the greet engineer upon whom rests the responsibility of placing her eddy upon the element of which she is destined to be the future wonder. In a former article we counselled patience to • most impatient public, and gave the most en couraging aspect possible to the efforts which were being made for getting this great ship into the water. But we cannot shut our eyes to the tact that while the principle upon which she was to be launched has been justified by her partial movement la the first and successive attempts, the soundness of that principle has been of no avail in the face of imperfections in the details occurring surceeeively in army attempt at launching. First, we have the cranks giving way, then the chain. breaking at the bargee, then the mooring-chains being dragged out of their holding-peas, then the earth yielding behind the hydraulic rams, and, ' lately, as was the care in yesterday's experiment, the ejlinder itself bursting in twain under the enormous pros- sure of the pump. To summarise oureirepreesion of the whole series of experiments, it appears to na that the thane, I of the launch, including the vexed question of iron against I iron, which the euccemive moves of the vessel have ester- I blished triumphantly in favour of the engineer, were se per feet es science could make it ; but that, in the carrying of It out, there has not been that amount of previous teat and pre satiation in the wartime moving machinery which in the hands of more practical artiacers would have been the things I most carefully attended to. She appeared to be immoveable, notwithstanding that the rams were strained to their highest point of pres sure, and so three unavailing efforts continued until three o'clock, when a report as loud as that of • cannon announced that another item was about to be added to the long catalogue of accidents and mishapi. On examination it turned out that in this instance the cylinder of the Dump itself had burst, the preset:re of the water having split iron seven inches thick, as if it bad been • crystal goblet. This ended the day's work. At the conclusion of yesterday's experiment, Mc. Brunel stated that now all anxiety woe removed from his mind, and that the question of the launch with perfect safety was only a question of • very short time indeed. The total pro gress down the ways made since Saturday morning and up to last evening was 36 feet aft and 34 feet 10 inches forward. LAM INTELLIGENCE. THIS DAY. COURT OF EXCHEQUER. (Nisi Prim sittings after term, at Weetminster.—Before the Load Chief Baron and a Common Jury.) HALL V. PLAIIIitsIONE.—A PERTINACIOUS JUDOZ AND A r remeveateo QUEEN ' S Cl/UNISEL.—A SCENE Ist COVET. Mr. Edwin James, Q.C., and Mr. Hawkins, were emend for the plaintiff; end Mr. M. Chambers, Q.C., and Mr. retersdorf, appeared for the defendant. The action was brought on • bill of exchange for 65/., drawn by the defendant, accepted by one Hichardeon, and endorsed to the plaintiff. The defendant pleaded that the bill was fradulently übtainod from him without mod ' dweller'. Mr. Featherstone is the landlord of a 1 , 1611 c-home in Had Lion-street, Holborn, and from his evidence it ap pe ared that the bill in question, which was dated Dec. 22, 18.56, and drawn at two menthe, was obtained from him by one Wend to get discounted, and that Walla bad rumor given him any of the proceeds of it. Mr. M. Chambers relied on this as sufficient indication of fraud to put the plaintiff on proof of consideration. Mr. James submitted that there was no mag n et:l the part of the defendant calling on the plaintiff for en alMve.r.: The Chief Baron thought that if the plaintiff could carry it a step further, it might ems the trouble of his coming there again. Mr. James requested to hare his objection noted. The Chief Baton minuted. The following witnee-ce were called for the plaintiff in ex amination of the transaction. Mr. Appa, plaintiff a attorney, said Mr. Willie called upon him on the 22nd of December, 1856, and produced the bill of • exchange for 651. Willie stated that he bad asked Mr. Featherstone to lend him twee money. Mr. Feather tone said he could not do that, but that if a bill was of my nee to him there was • awn of 1,51. due by Itichardeon, and he would draw on liicluirdson for the amount, and let him (Wallis) have the bill. Witness told Willis he would arc Mr. Day, a military equipage maker in the Strand, and try to get the hill discounted. Willie said he was getting up a company and was very much pressed for money, and asked for the loan of 251. At that unto Wallis owed witness 51., which bad been advanced by cheque on 20th December, and witness then gave Wallis a cheque for 241. les., end 21. 6d. in silver, retaining 7e. 6d. as a week's interest on the bill. A memorandum to the effect that Wallis had deposited de fendant'. Lill, and received 30/. on account of it, that it was to be chargeable with 7r. 6d. a week interest until redeemed, and that if not redeemed within • week, it might be nego tiated, was signed by Willie, and now produced. Witness met round to Feathereteee's the MEN evening, bat he we out, and he did not see bim. Ile mew Mr. Day, and Mr. Day consented to discount the bill. Willis called again on the 24th December. Ile then owed 201. 7s. 6d. to witness, and witness gave a cheque for 261.2 a. 6d. as the balance of the bill, less W. 10e. discount. The Chief Baron—That we exactly a shilling per pound per month. Witness wetted. Mr. Day's father was living when the bill became due, and he had an objection to all bills of exchange, whether commercial or otherwise. Mr. Day, jun., had Eat the same objection ; but, not wishing his father to know that he had any money invested upon bills, he obtained Hall's leave to use his name in the action. Hall wee wit neaa's brother-in-law, and clerk to draughtsmen of railway plans in Great George-street. Witness had made great efforts to obtain the pretence of Wallis. Crow-examined by Mr. Chambers—Hall never gave any consideration for the bill. His name was merely • substitute for Day's. Witness got 291. ss. on the 24th December from Day, 101. on the 9th January, end 10/. he owed Day. On the 14th January Day gave him a cheque for 91. Se., which made up the balance of 681. Ilk., the consideration for the bill. Mr. Nye:embedded Mr. Apps' evidence an far se he was cemoarned, and gave the same reason for the 960 of Hall's stet's-examination. he said he had discounted a few bills through App.. He had not brought any action on them. He believed he had never been good enough to bring actions against. (A laugh.) All speculators were not for tunate, and he had lost about 2001. by bills. He preferred losing his money to bringing 11111 aotktn and havng hie name made public. Mr. Jame@ observed that he might do a large discount ha einem on those terms. (Laughter.) Mr. 11611 stated that ?Ir. Apps applied to him to allow his name to be need, and MI ho bud known Mr. Day for many years, he alk , it. banker's clerk 'grovel the malting App.' cheques to Wallin. Mr. James was summing up the case for the plaintiff, when The Chief Baron intimated that the defendant had no came. Mr. M. Chambers—l should like to address the jury, my lord. The Chief Baron—There is really nothing to go to the I thought It better to inquire further into the plath ars ease, rather than fur Lim to have to name down ague. Mr. M. Cheatham—That ie the reason my lord, I with to address the jury, to prevent the necemily of the plaintiff comiain. Th ng e C hid Batas—ln point of law the plaintiff was not bound to give any answer to the defendant's case. Mr. M. Chambers—Does your lordship rule that I have no tight to address the jury ? The Chief Baron-1 rule that the defendants case does not all for any answer. Mr. M. Chambers—With the greatest desire to submit to vour lordship, permit me to suggest that I have a right to address the jury, 6ETP111:: if I am nut allowed, I may go to the whole court on the ground that your lordship Me taken for the defendant's counsel the privilege of stating the case to Mr. James—You did Mate your cue. Mr. M. Chambers—Mr. Joints has called %Onuses, and what I propose to do is to show from those wildest*s in addition to my our, what!. the eau for the den Aunt. The Chief Berm—At the time when Mr. James Inter posed, I thought there was no evidence to go to the jury. My opinion is the wino now as it was then, that you have made no cue, and then. fore I shall direct a verdict for the plaintif. Mr. M. Chambers—l submit that the plaintiff's witnesses have made hie case eond than it wu before. The Chief Baron—So you may, and I darn say you think so. Mr. M. Chambers—Your lordship is not trying the facts. I may that as the plaintiff's witittosoe have been heard, the defendant has a right to have their testimony submitted to the jury. ne Chief Baron—l boar what you say. I have expressed my opinion already, and I rule again that you have given no evidence calling for an rower; and that being so, the plain tiff is entitled to a verdict. Mr. M. Chambers—May I ash, my lord, if all the evi dence given on the part of the plaintiff is to be struck out The Chief Baron—ies it may be wrack out. Mr. M. Chambers—l do not consent to have it struck out. I claim the right to addrew the jury upon it. The Chief Baron—And I do nut admit your tight. Mr. M. Chambers--Will your lordship allow me to refer you to the last statute, which declares the right of coucskl who appears for denudate or plaintiff, to address the jury after Dm antagonist's witneemos have been heard The Chief Barou—You seem resolved, Mr. Clambers, that we shall save no time. Mr. M. Chambers—No time, my lord, is too long to do justice to the parties. The Chief Baron-1 believe lam doing justice. (To the jury)—l do not think the defendant has proved sufficient to call for any answer, and your verdict must be for the plaintiff. Verdict for the plaintiff for 671. Mr. M. Chambers—Von: lortiehip will reserve leave and stay execution Y The money Isla court. The Chief Baron—Oh, certainly. Mr. James—You can stove on the statute. Mr. M. Chambers—Yes, Mr. lunar, I !hill MOT' oaths statute. The next case was then called. COURT OF BANKRUPTCY. (Before Mr. Comthimioner Goulbuni.) TN NN !MYRA, WALKER, AND STERR. This was the adjourned hearing of the bankrupts' apPkee• Bon for their certificate. the facto of the caw wee very fully disclneed and repotted et the last sitting. Two of the bankrupts, D. B. Byers. and JAS. Walkar t were examined, as to sone Ituerna broken, who deposed to the great depreciation (from 60 to SO per cent) which had taken ple,e in linseed and other orticlea in which the bank. rusts dealt. Mr. I.nwrance adJrresed the court In opposition, and /IL Roxburgh and Mr. Begley for the bankrupts. Jdis llonour deferred his judgment. THIS DAY. The operations of the launch, which had been suddenly brought to a stand-still.by the accident of yesterday, were returned today with increased rigour, but were chiefly of a preparatory character. The insufficiency of mechanical force, which had been complained of, was being remedied by the addition of no leas than six hydraulic presses, for which, at the time we write, the piles were being driven in close under the cradle of the vessel, so as to give the rams the greatest possible driving power. Other mechanical arrange ments were in progress, such as the substitu tion of new beams, the sinking of Trotman's anchors, lea, and every hope was entertained that the spring-tide would not be lost, the more espe cially as the water actually washed the bottom at centre of the vessel. The ricer was crowded with small boats flitting about right in the track of the vemel, and a few of the general public obtained ad mission into the yard. During November the range of Consols has been extensive, but not more eo than in October, the difference between the bigheet and lowest prime on that occasion having been 4 pet cent., while in the present inotace it has been 31. The result of the mouth's operations has been to establish a ries of 14 per cent. Last night, Mr. dough, the advocate of temperance , delivered an oration at Exeter Hell, under the auspices of the National Tempersoco League. The large hall was filled in every part to oottvou , m, and the doors were closed long be fore the hour appointed for the proceedings to commence. lie. C. Gilpin, M.P., occupied the chair. THE BISHOP OF CHICHESTER AND THE INSTI TEEMS Or SAINT lIAROARET . S, EART ORTNATEAD.— Our entire circle of readers will be glad to learn that the Bishop of Chichester has addressed a letter to the Lady Su perior of Saint Margaret's, in which he deeires that hence forth neither the nor any other will state that that Institu lion has the bishop's approbation, or that he has any longer connection with it; and, that bie name may henceforth be caacelled in all their rule and cireulars.—Sonsa lirpress. THE L'ANGELIER FUND.—We are requested to state that the sum of 891. 9e. 3d. bag been remitted to the mother of the ill-fated L'Augelier, so the result of the sub oaten= entered into by • few triads an her behalf. Thanks are due to Mr. Pringle foe the exertions which he has made to got up this expansion of sympathy to an homest and de r oly-slllieted woman.—Glasgow Daily Mail. Tun HEIGHT or ASSURANCE.—At the meeting of I the Chamber of Commune which took plans in this city on Friday, one of the members who rose complained in strong I terms of the want of bank accommodation in Glasgow, whilst . . that s; ifeman had been allowed to overdraw law:emit In the Western Bank by 60,0001. ! Some of the members, aa mark of disapprobation, rook and walked out of the room.— Glasgow Dolly Mail. INSOLVENT DEBTORS COURT• IN RT. JOON DAVEY—IMPRISONMENT TOR ',PST. This Insolvent, wbo had been a builder, in the Lavender road, applied to be disetturd bore prison. Mr. Commissioner Mu rph y, on looking et the proceed itl M expressed his surprise at I e length of time the insolvent had been in prison. He bed been in prison nearly two yew. The insolvent said it was true. This month it was two Mr. Commissioner Iturphy.—And you have not been cat bail ? Insolvent.—No, air. The Learned Connuissionor could see no reason for such , long imprieonmemt ; he woo in c iwtudy at the snit of Sows Smith, a bill discounter and corn dealer. Thu wee one of the oases which sometimes occurred, if a man who had beta • long time in prison came up, and no creditor spleen d. It appeared that Although the insolvent had been so log in on he had not tiled hie proceedings until recently. Mr. Commissioner Murphy repeated that there could be no meson for such an isuprisonmant, "and," added the lesnri commissioner, t' the use shows tLe necessity of • recoil!, seam or some security to lava • man from imprisonmenL The insolvent was discharged. CITY SHERIFF'S COURT. (Before Mr. Prendergast, Q.C.) TATLOR V. TIIOMPRON.—DTI‘TS op HONOUR AND 110,:o1:1.V6T.S: TEM. Mr. Beard appeared for the plaintiff, and stated that this WWI en action brought to recover the Dam of V. 109 upon a promissory not• held by plaintiff, and doe Ma defendant. The debt arose out of • gambling transaction, la t h e lowing manner:—Plaintiff and defendant sat down or seri IVW Pro tha we tol sal ch, _