The Express. — London, England, 1851-03-18 00:00:00

----- over thin country? (Hear, sear.) And it was milled , had aided this organisation and abetted these establish persecution to p.m • 121.11.17 re to prevent this sort merits departed in any shape helm the undivided of thing. it was an abuse and a mockery of 'allegiance which they owed to their sovereign—had language to tall it by sneh • name. (Hear, hear.) The they violated the law of the land, or infringed on the spirit principle ins lved in the question before the house had of the constitution? (Renewed cries of "No, no.") Ile been decided foe the last 150 years in one uniform trusted that he would not be interrupted by unseemly mson er. Whoever hail read the speech of Sir Edward ; tries; when he was done he would be glad to find that he Stemless mud be aware that the conduct of Cardinal Wise- ! would he answered. (Hear, hear.) They had hod already man was • violation even of the letter of the law. r, ationdanee of declamation and invective - and they (on the It was strange that no Roman catholic member of that ' ministerial benches) had been reproached in unmeasured house had 4.4 t up and asserted that any spiritual wants of ; terms with intolerance and perseeution. In fact, had this their wee not satisfied by the system of vicars apiwtolie. : been • bill to re-enact the penal laws, and to sup (Hew, hear.) The ha. and lemo' member for Ply- press the Roman catholic religion altogether, it mouth (Mr. R. Palmer) had said that the best mode of could not have excited more unreasoning pumice than meeting an insult was to take no 'unite of it if the insult had, as it was, been displayed. Ile called, now, to wan not attended. But who was to tell them in be met fairly with argument; and fearlessly and firmly this case whether the insult was intended or not . he challenged an answer to the question h e had propounded. An act hed been lately pawl' to enable them That question plainly was, had the Roman pontiff and to carry on negotiations with Rome, but, because those by whom he had been encouraged and abett e d in the an folk-siesta: mild not he receive' as ambassador, the act recent establishment of a Roman catholic hierarchy in this ' ermined inoperative, and the court of Rome lent no per- country, acted consistently with the constitution and the son t. this. country. Yet now, without the consent of the law: 'lie would add another question: when the religion envenign, tie l'upe sent a person "to govern" in this of Rome was the religion of England, and when the sub country ; and he called the country itself " catholic" Eng- jerts of the Sovereign of England owed and paid obedience land, a term which was peculiarly offensive and insulting to in spiritual matters to the l'ope of Rome. ae the the people of Eneland. It was not catholic England, but hand of their church, could the pontiff of Rome protestaut England and the United Kingdom of Great have ventured to do what he bad done on Britain and Inland. If this was • Homan catholic country this evasion ? Undoubtedly he could not ; and that why were not the Stuarts still upon the throne - ". 1 was a hold man who, in this house or elsewhere, would (Hear, hear.) The subject matter at issue, as stated stand up and reply in the affirmative to that question. by the Pope, was that which was at issue in 1618, and he Traversing from country to country throughout Europe, ha seemed to think that the present sovereign ought not to be quote.-1 the laws in existence in each, end drew the conclusion on the throne. Ile felt, then, that he was tight in desig- that in none was it competent to the Pope to establish a hie- Destine this art of tier Pope se most insulting to the people rarchy or carve out dioceses without the sanction of the state of this country. There was a constant tendency to en- itself. Withthese elamplesfromeatholiceountries and catho- ' cooriehme id un the part of the 1.1. of Rome. (Hear, hear.) lie times, ti fortiori, the proceeding was illegal in the United ' i In Ibleium, So Wee eland, and Serdinia, there were evident Kingdom at the present day. It was argued that this was attempts at eneneachment. (Hear, hear.) It had been tele merely a eaatter of spiritual jurisdiction, and that the only jetted that this was Il entail measure. It was a small mica- reason in Roman catholic countries that the up- sure, but he dill not think that it ought therefore not to be pointment of a bishop was required to proceed passel, (Hear, hear.) Ile had great confidence in the from the government of the sovereign, was that noble lord at the lead of the government, and in the prin- his episcopal functions extended on some occasions into tem elides which he had propoundtel he (Mr. Calvert) entirely pond and civil affairs. lie clearly saw the distinction concurred. If it should become necessary, as he dare say it between the spiritual conscience and the temporal eons would if this tourer were persisted in, to have recourse to science of the bishop. Ile agreed that a bishop might be futile r legislation, still he should not he sorry that they had appointed to twrforrn the spiritual functions merely of his afforele el alo or proitentior--tliat they had given the pontiff office —as baptism, marriaee,continuatinn,onlination, and the an opportunity of retracing his steps ; and an hon. member general admini.tmtion of the offices and sacraments of the having spoke nof the had spirit which was being fomented, church. And if this papal rescript had been entirely confined he must r, illy that it was the pontiff who hail been to appointing bishops for the purpose of exercising guilty of this art of aggression who was responsible, and purely spiritual jurisdiction and authority, he could not th ose who only performed their duty in re s isting it . understand something of the arguments advanced ((heers.) Of all the religious leidie% in this country for by the opponents of the bill. But when, in whose sake it was most important that they should be firm, stead of sending a man to exercise only the spiritual the Roman ca th olic body was the principal, seeing that if functions of a bishop , as in the Buse of her Majesty sending they wore not firm, Roman catholic , would become subject a bishop to Jerusalem for the purpose of spiritual jurisdie to a grinding tyranny. (lies", hear.) It was most cown. bon over her subjects there—he notate' understand that this tial that there should be as mob unanimity as possible in would be a case of a bishop without a see or diocese, whose their deision. Thu •y might depend upon it that the num- duties would be simply of a spiritual character ;—hut would her 39.5 had operated as a warning at the. Vatican, and he anybody say when the Pope proceeded to do a great deal would fain PAT a still greater number in favour of the more than this, and to divide an independent realm into second reading. (Hear, hear.) Ile thanked the house for districts and dioceses and to appoint men to sees, exercising having listened to him with such kind attention ; and if he complete jurisdiction over them, that this was not might, in conclusion, tender to them any advice, it would exercising territorial authority ? (No, no.) lion. members be to stand fast in the assertion of their national intleasen- called " No, no," lustily ; hut he would turn to the rescript dente and in the defence:of the prutestantem of the country. of the Pope, and what should he find there? lie was (Ch. en ) reading from the translation " published by authority," Mr. CHARTERIS said he had been struck with the which, as he took it, meant the authority of Dr. Wiseman. strange logical ineemsisteney of the supporters of the hill. He found that the l'ope pr seeded, by his Letter Apoetoli- They said, e , We give our vote in favour of civil and vela. cud, first to direct the appointment or two new sees or din- Mess liberty—we support the bill, became we' dread the ceoco in the metropolitan district, being Westminster and establishment of a hierarchy and the intmsluction of the Southwark. Ile• then came to the northern district, where canon law "--whereas the measure did nut touch either he found there was to he only out' episcopal see, which was of those points. (Hear, hear.) Before they discussed to receive its name from the city of Hesham, and this dia• the hill, either in its principle or its details, it was trict was to be bounded by the same limits as hitherto. impertant to arrive at • clear understandine of the Then came the York district, which was to form one nature and character of the /0-Callial papal aggression. The diocese, and the bishop to receive his title from the city of vie e taken, both within and without the walls of parties Beverley. Next followed the Lancashire district, in which meta, was, that then• had been en asoumption of temporal there were to be two bishops, of whom one was to take his power on the part of the sovereign of the Roman States; title from the see of Liverpool ; having within his jurieelie. while the noble lorel at the head of the goverment had de- tion the Isle of Man, and other places including West eland that an insult had been offend to the eovereign of Derby ; and the other was to receive his from the city of thew calms. If this view was accurate, it was not tee par- Salford. The Pope then, after arranging many other di.- Element that the noble lord should hare applied ;he should tricts came into the east, aqd in the city of Northampton, lease had recourse to the public law of }:urope. (Hear, constituted a single bishop. Now give hint leave to ask by hear.) Dr. 'Psis. gated that there wax no position in law what authority did the l'ope of Rome or those who sup so completely e stablish' with reference to the relations of ported him elevate the towns in her Majesty's dominions the Holy See with the euvereign 110W014 of Europe, into cities—towns which were not cities? It was well IV that the rx,,,rontor of the crown or royal pined was known that acconling to general wage and general practice requisite to uuthorise the publication of bulls. If this if a town or place was named as the seat of episcopal juris- Were a part of international law, and if it had been in- diction, in which a hither exercised his function, it was fringeel it was not the House of Commons that ought es elevated lIIMI facto to the rank of a city. Ile asked it the have taken retroisance of the fact,but the foreign Office, and oppments of the bill would deny that proposition ? It was he war surpriwel that the noble lord opposite (Lord Pa'- uuquesstionably as he hued staid, and the city which ens nueston) had not adopted some summary pewees. They toyed that name did so on account 14 it being at present had, howe ter, put the:noel-lyre octet of court by their deal- or at some poet time the see of a bishop The fact ings with the. Pope. Other countries acknowledged the was so inherent that although the bishopric were tempera' parer of the pontiff; this country ignored it. elieolved, the city would retain its title. Either the Pope Ile felt tontielent that had there Morn an English milliner intended to raise these' towns into cities, or else it was coa st ItoMI4 they weuld not then Ise elieu.sing the question. tempi:steel that the elevation should be mromplithed by (Hear.) But he could uot bring himself to consoler this making them the se's of bishop,, but he could not see how act of the Pope as a temporal earl...Om ; to him it ap- it was that such a preceding did not involve territorial petered an courtier of purely spiritual authority. jurisdiction and authority. It was alleged to be only a part Ile was opporosl is. all legislation on this subject, therefore, of the general scheme, and was not intended on that account for the 'ample ',amen that he believed that our civil rights to aoleuie territorial jurisdiction, or exercise temporal and 'Owen, were in no danger. What he trusted to, in authority. But he would turn to the brief again, and we p m r,.n.ne e to all mob legislation, was the loyalty of Roman how that mutter stood, and he found that this was what the catholic., the spread of education, the ton,equent increased Pope directed with regent to theauthorityand jurhalictionol entightmenient of the people. and, he hoped he' might also thew bishop., and to which he prayed the attention of the add, th into re.. el .4144rtionS of the clergy. Ahove all, he house. The hon. and learned gentleman then Mil the truge,l. rather than to such legislation, to the Bible truth following remote. from the Letter Apastolical: " But in the of th it poet. staid faith which they all prefer...A. A distin- %acne' government of clergy and laity, and in all other gui.beel stateernan of a former day had said, "If comer- thing. appertaining to the pastoral ottiee "--thus making • Mon b. popery he an evil, law is not its proper rermely ; and clear elroinetion between the spiritual and temporal go if proselytism esists, it is a dintrace only to the clergyman vernment of clergy and laity—" the archbishops and bishops lie whore parish it tacos olace." A distinguished statesman of of England will he.neeforward enjoy all the rights and our own day had said, during this debate, that he 'nuked (treaties which the other eatheaie archbishop , and bishops /pointy for a ii, fe me against papal aggression to the deep of other nations, according to the common ordinance' at attact • 'set te their protestant religion, both among church- the sacred canons and apnatelie constitutions, AM! and nay' corn and dos. titers, which had ever distinguished the use." Now, he would ask the difference intended to be people of tie. country. Ile was awan• of the ton- established between the archbishops and bishop, in Eng troy opine .... . prevalent in that house; and with land and other countries, and whether territorial rights and such opinions he Was :ontious to deal with all respect. authority did not follow spiritual functions in other coon- But lee Iseult' oppose a hill like this, which, tries. In those countries where Roman catholic bishops harmless in some results, was most mischievous exercied authority they wielded powers not mertlyneiritual in eaters. um' se hide. at any rate, wet in appertain(' a hut operating in all functions attached to the pastoral office. fiat .to p nine:no-tee [mted. the era' of intolerance. At Now, all those power. were intended to be extended by this the same tom. heweser. hr W. 414141 eonfew. in deference to reeeript to all the Roman estholic archhiehop, end bishops the fes line.. streng. genuine, and emphatically cernroool, in England. The Popes said in that instrument that these w hie tu pre, tile el out of doers, that ht• was not prepared to new arehbishops and bishops would la. "equally bound by W`" ley *Whom a murmur the arrogant and prtountistuout the obligations which bind the other arehhishoops and end insole to tom of the paled rescript . (Loud cheer%) hishops according to the common discipline of the Levolatoosi Sc'. ..nr. thing; a declaration was a very dale- catholic church," and then the merlin went on rent thing ; and a &duration being all that he Ills:4111rd as. thus :—" And whatever regulations, either in the an e. wiry, he bad collie to the conclusion that it *mall be tient system of the Anglican churches or in the sub taking a Si', tourse to paw such oroolutiens in referettee to oequent missionary wane may h a ve been in Mere the insult sacred to the country, as lead teen props' ley a either by epecial coustitutione or privileges, or peculiar cues matte kord in another plate. Cmicurrently he would desire to toms, will now henceforth carry no right new obligation ; see lecislatiem. but legislation of a character very different and in order that no doubt may remain on the point, we, from that at present tweed On the house. Ile wished to we by the plenitude of our apostethe authority, repeal and ab an end put to the alourclity of ignoring the Pope as a tem- negate all power whatsoever of imposing aligution or com pered osvereign. lle caniently desired to see. un English (erring right in those peculiar tonstitutione and pris avec% of minister sent to watch ewer English interests at the court of whatever kind they may be, and iu all customs by %homer limn, Ile would la• glad to see an alteration in our laws ever or at whatsoever ancient or immemorial time brought of mortmain, in order that a e might obtain a better control in. Hence it will fur the future be solely competent user the itecuninlatien of endowment* for religious par- for the arehbiethop, and bishops of England to distinguish psow. Ile would Is• glad to see the state (as we under- whit things he lotte to the executive of the common cycle- I stod ! invested with the lower of vititation over munasterim siastical law, and what according to the common discipline ! and nunneries. And in thew modes only was there .4 the church is entrusted to the authority of the bishops." any esseability of emtnellieset that canonic toleration Now he would ask was there not something in all this be which we were bind tee concede to our Roman yon' the spiritual functions of the bishops ? (Mar.) And catholic fellowantejeen. What he objected to in what was the power enjoyed by those' bishops of the Roman re the hill b e fore the honor WAS this • that, with an cath olic church ? They always acquired a civil stator with insolent pretenee, it practically did nothing. The hou. their spiritual function.. Suppose one of them instituted gestleman renewal his seat amid much cheering.) to the cure of souls or the exercise of his functions in a The SOLICITOR-6 EN Ell AL row and said that he chureh or chapel. to which emolument was annexed, and he, would endeavour to deal with this queetion disstionately. was entitled to enjoy those advantages; if anyone attempted In the first place. he would state the position a ssumed by to deprive him of them his civil status and nghts were such' the opponents of the bill. There Isere one set of argu- that the courts of law in this country would support and meat. urged by those who took what might he called the protect him in the possession of them. (Hear, hear) The !Leeman catholic view of the controserey, and the pith and same doctrine would apply from the beginning to the case sulotanee of their reasoning might bl• stated thus : an es- of 'lonian catholic clergyman. Here was an archbishop or .ablished and on:tinned hieranhy, they say, is manilla' to a bishop who had vested in him by this , papal brief all the interests of our religion ; we are therefore entitled to right and prerevgatives incident to his authority, giving him have such on retablithed organisation. We can obtain that power to suspend or depose a priest. Here was a bull cstablithel and organised hierarchy from the Roman pent atcrodueed. Say a new bishop established Amster the brief tilt shone: ire art then•fore juetilicel in having re- deposed a priest according to his function, there would be course to the I'm* for the purpose of obtain- p•radventure a mutt of law brought into conflict with ing that bierarehy : and the Pope is entitled to grant us episcopal jurisdiction established by a bull unquestionably that hieranhy, and to do all that is necessary for the pun- illegal. In SO far as the bishop derived his authority from pose of establishing it. Nuw, that the conclusions arrived this rescript of the l'ope, the authority wan not only at from these premises were ruling fallacies, he would pre- spiritual, but was a quasi civil and temporal jurisdiction. eently show. First, he would add to this summary the It wes something beyond spiritual• and extended over anbetanee of the arguirienm of thaw members of the pro- civil rights and liberties, and he contended that such Intent community who were not loss strenuously opposed powers should not be granted to any man except to an leaoslation on this subject. They said: "100 have, by the law of the land. It was an authority by the Whole 0.111,44 of your legi.lathnt in recent times, which could only emanate from the sovereign or legiela eaneedeel to the Roman catholics the right to a full. free, ture• of a country (Hear, hear.) But when he was told unrestricted esenise and enjoyment of their religion. Now, that the Roman catholic% could obtain their hierarchy by an e stahltdied hierarchy is essential to such exereiee and no other means than through the supreme pontiff, he (the enjoyment, and therefore you are hound to complete Solicitor General) did not feel on that account that if the the work you have commenced. and to grant laws of the land would not permit it they were to be to them the establishment of that hierarchy."flese were trample.' upon and violated. (Ilear, hear.) But the the complete megawatt. of the two sections of the oppo- ease was nut so, and there were acts of the see of rents of the bill ; and, aecording to his view, it was impure- Rome itself to show that the authority they re tilde to reflect. for a moment, on these' two proponnons milted might be had without this proceeding. What without deteerting the unormeme fallacies which they con- had taken plan. in other parts of Europe ? In all, ' taiurd. The comment on these propositions was this : that excepting one, bishopric% were established by arrangement the end choired tet he accomplished might be reametable and between the sovereign and the Pope. It was said that just. but that the means adopted were not necessarily same- bishopric, could only be established by the acts of the see titled and made legitimate by that end. Ile would lof Rome, and that such a hierarchy as they required. assume. for the *eke of the argument. and only for the I could only be establ o ished by the see of Rome. in But as the ! sake of the argument, that the territorial ornaniation 4 see f o n had btained on all occasions, thefirst of a hierarchy W.V. essential to the religions interests rinstance, the consent of the reigning sovereigns of her Majesty's Roman catholic subjects. and that the see ; for the ntablishment of a hiernrehy, what was there to I of Rome was the only quart r through which that ontani- ' prevent the Pope from the establishment of a hierarchy on eat' could be ett'ecteol. But did it follow, therefore, look- i the tame tenses here ? If the catholic* hail any grievance ing tee the law as it now stood, that the means noorted to :to eomplain of, was there anything to prevent an house f the athointnent of this object were not illegal and un- r from them to the legislature, or from coming to that house constitutional, a .iodation of our municipal and erelessias. 1 fix any alteration in the law, in order to phew them in the position they desired ? (neer, heir.) 'lhere was nothing tical Isle, a sioletion of the law of Europe, an invasion of • to prevent the establishment of diplomatic relations with the Muse nizntr of the state, and an outrage on the national Ind 151.111.1eV! Were they to toe told that the governru..nt the court of Rome for that purpow, if they were entitled to and ',wham. nt ef this country, whose bounden duty it it, fur the protection and advantage of thew religion, if they could obtain it by legal, by constitutional, and by autho- was to preen: the- sovereignty of these realms inviolate, and to maintain the national independence and the rind mesns, and not by eneneactunent upon the rights aud prerogatives of the sovereign of these realms. (Hear, hear.) 0 nulltry'. hennur untarnished , were to see these great things 1 , outraged ;m a i nsa a a a, 1,,, 5a „., e a ... oa th, so me m aions Under any eircurastanceo, it seemed to he eonfeesed on all might think one else, of the , people would be better band. that the Roman ratholies, if they wished the tota -1 governed hy arelthishotlS and bishop, than by vicars epos- blithment of a hierarchy, had not taken the right coarse. *ere ' lie, for ow. would nicer CODerlte 10 monstrous •. it had been said," Oh, but the Pope has done no more now preposition. The advoratee of Me Roman catholic side o( th he has been doing for some few centuries hack by mean. ‘je3fll apostolic. Ile (th e Solicitor-Genera) alto the gutstion, bail, it seemed to him, omitted one int- of th is 'extant comb', ration in this di,cussion, and he proposed gether denied that proposition. _ The c vicars apostolic bad now to ask a erecial answer to • particular quevtion. no sees ; they had n t dioceses. Th nears apostolic were Ilad the Ilmain pontiff by the course he had taken in par- , not authorised to enforce a law forcipes to the law us Eng no power to introduce the canon law. titionine this palm of England into provinees and dioceses, ' land. They had and estalea thing seines-hop , , and hie - hope, and an organised I They had nothing but the sample nrini, hear.) Then it jurisdiction of blerso l ry for the government the roof, and establishing rite* I ordinary ministers of religion. (ea fee el.' 1.. rt.:,, Of the jarisslietion en these arehinee'top. and : had been Said that the requirements of the Roman catholic lws:nsio, tlweviu ins ad..l the pre meat:, eof the crow n. ,1,14 •re Itaion rendered the hstrad,uction of a hierarchy requisite. ULU , .i.. lOw led, a mien, o f the country . ? ((tries Of .. No, TI ey had nu proofs advanci . d in favour of this. The Roman W..") Further, lead theme of her Mapaty's eubjeets wl:e . catholic:clergy , who, accord ing to the knowledge of theta THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, MARCH 18, 1851. all, were exemplary in the extreme, said they required this. Why was it required ? Cardinal Wiseman had said—and (he the Solicitor-General) thought there was a good deal of truth here--Cardinal Wiseman had said in his • Appeal to the people of England" that they wanted to introduce the canon law and could not do it under the vicar% apostolic. (Hear, bear.) He (the Solicitor-General) begged to ask if the Roman catholic religion had declined under the vicars apostolic? Did not the brief itself recite that the numbers were increasing, that the religion was most flourishing and most prosperous ? Then why was the hierarchy neemeary Cardinal Wiseman had let out the facts in his " appeal that they wanted to establish the canon law, and they wanted eynodiced actem. They had not forgotten theny nod of Thurlys. The established usage of the Irish church Ind been this : The church, on the recurrence of any vacancy, sent to Rome three names of persons whom they recommended for the office of bishop. The three names were sent that one might be selected from them, and if he (the Solicitor-General) were not mistaken thee: words were attached to the names, dignus, dignicrr, diynissimus, and the party to whose name the latter appellative w.a attached was appointed by the Pope. They had sent three names on the occasion under question, and the l'ope of Rome had passed by all the three names, had violated the established Lane and practice of the church, and had sent Dr. Cullen. It had been this Dr. Cullen, who had never exercised any pastoral or minis terial duties previously, who had been an Italian monk — (hear, hear)—it had been this Dr. Cullen who had sum moned the synod of Thurtes, and by his own casting vote I had decided that the Roman catholic, should not adopt the colleges which were being established. Was this spiritual ; or ecclesiastical ? (Laughter, and " Hear, hear.") Did they desire in this realm of nuland any sr:ads of the Slate description? (No, no.) No. To their own church ofd England they did not allow the use of convocation, and yet that chunk was subject to the control of the crown, was summoned by the authority of the crown when convoked, was presided over by a person authorised by the crown. The crown had power to prorogue it, and power to dissolve it. (Hear, hear.) The bishops and persons who composed it were persons over whom the crown had at all time, con trol. They were, in the face of this, asked to sanction the synodical action of a body over whom the crown had no con trol—with whose appointment the crown had nothing to du— and whine procedure in general the crown had no means of controlling. Would they desire to see synod:, erected, composed of such parties, and it might be acting in direct competition with the established church ? (lcer, hear.) Conceding in favour of the working clergy of the catholic church that they were for the most part pious and exem plary men, he maintained that the ruling spirit in the higher ecclesiastical circles was one of ambition, usurpa tion and encroachment. As an additional maven fur guarding; against the influence of this spirit, he pointed to the tendencies manifested in our own Ovine' to the " pie turceque " in religion, and the avowed bias towards esthetic doctrines and practices. Let whatever was essential to the catholic religion he granted not as a hoon but as a right, but let what was done be done by the intervention of the law. Ile deprecated a delay of the remedy until the danger had grown to full stature, and referred to Ireland us a formi dable example of the evil that followed forbearance, the conciliating gentleness of the government having been pre sumed upon by a systematic violation of the law, and ren dered necessary the extension, which he nevertheless re gretted, of the present measure to that part of the United Kingdom. The hon. gentleman concluded by advocating the bill as the mildest possible enactment which could suf fice to prevent the contemplated act of papal and episcopal encroachment. (The hon. and learned gentleman resumed his seat amid loud and continued applause.) Mr. CARDWELL said the hon. and learned gentleman had told them that the municipal law had been vio lated, that the international law had been violated, and that the humour and sovereignty of this empire had been interfered with. 110 (Mr. Cardwell) asked where then had been Her Majeetyei government ? ( hear, hear.) Did they mean to tell him that international law had been scandalously infringed, that territorial invasion had been perpetrated, that a foreign prince—the representative Of a foreittn mutt —waa governing our counties with tempondjuris diction, and yet that our government had not done anything ? Did they mean to ell hint that acts of treason hail been committed, and that the law officers of the crown had taken no step el, vindicate their sovereign? Did they mean to tell him that they relied on the bill before the house for the suppression of all they contended had taken place ? (hear, hear.) Ile would invite the attention of the Solicitor- General to a discussion of that bill s which the hon. and learned gentleman had entirely omitted from his speech. lie (the Solicitor-General) hail told them that there were two cleave who opposed the hill, the Roman catholic party in that Timm • no is state of thing s . more lamentable than house, bevauee they %aid they had demanded.' hierarchy, and the pneedants of tied. house, who treated the whole matter that which divides society into two parties, one with indifference. The hon. and leaned gentleman forgot of which is bent on pure mischief, the other bent on that there might be other protestant, who had other feel- resisting mischief, and preserving matters as they sags, and who regarded the aet of the Pope with feeling• more gm. In such a struggle all sight is last of liberal akin to those of the Solicitor-General, hut who did not like this • • bill. (Cheers.) The hon. and learned gentleman had tote maples, or even of conservative improvement. them that the Pope luta taken on himself to nominate rustice, fairness. generosity, are alike fiung aside. bishops, and that those bishops were not only spiritual but Tyranny and vindictiveness are exercised in the temporel -that they were about to introduce the canon law name of order, whilst liberalism degenerates to im and to, hold synods, and that they had invaded the peerage- patience, then to utter recklessness, and to mere tins of the crown. And, now, as executive intervention was destructiven at hut. not to prevent all that, would the bill now before the house prevent it? (hear , hear.) He (Mr. Cardwell) told the Such is the state of Frenc h society. Some months Roman catholic, that he regarded what had been done are laa(*k we thought England fully neenre against this an aggression on the rights of this realm. (" Hear," and French epidemy. But, decidedly, we have at c lie had heard the doctrines "1 civil and religiou s length caught it,undare beginning to show the symp lit".) tyalready laid down in a powerful speech, and it was toms .and experience its paralysing effects. It inspoesible to forget that thew were the doctrines of Locke Is lint, indeed, the entire bony social with its that and other,. Blacketone had laid it down that it was the right .4 every individual to worship his Creator according has been a ff ected, but only the body politic. But, to his conwience. Theo came the right of an emit:Fe:wit:a take parliament, and the clubs, and the press, at the combination of a church, bound by the laws of civil present moment, and you may safely divide men eovernment; and in that case Blackstone declared into two classes--those who are anxious for political that there was a law, and that was, the safety and convenience of the state in which such cc- order, and those who are anxious for disorder and a clesiestie. lived. (Hear, hear.) What wall our eon- break ups—those bent on mischief, and those desirous duet with regent to the established church ? Why did of preventing it. we close her cunvocation, carry her appeals to the privy One ..;.„ easily council, and assert the supremacy of the Queen and the con- L. ,.. r0 conceive that a month Sint ( ' MIM - I liberal men were anxious for the dissolu trol of parliament? It was—berause, if it were not so, s'e danger, would arise. (Ileer.) And when we talked if the tion of the whig ministry. The nullity of its United States of America in relation to these matters, he 1111.111111 res, and even of its promises, made it begged to be permitted to ask—hut the United Statee a resemble an incubus, to get rid of which throne, or a Intl of rights, or an act of settlement, or a co ronation oath, or an oath for Roman catholic members OU wean the fi rst object, let what would come after. taking their seats in Congrem (Hear.) If this were so, and But, after a trial, nothing was found possible but if the Human catholic.' were living under the shelter of our whiggisin or protection. Nay, more ; it was plain constitution, it was necessary that they should consult the that in the chapter of accidents nothing was p os. convenience and wishes of the country , in which they lived. Mille, Wye these two, except the whig party could (Hear, hear.) They had nit consulted thaw wishes, and in 50 doing they had committed a subetantial aggression he dissolved hy the decapitation of its chief and the utti asunder of its subordinate elements. Tlds against this country. (Cheers.) We were dealing here, P n g . . not with phraseology , but with farts ; and, in his opinion, wa s fo r several weeks the aim of t h e cunning folk, the Roman catholies had made their miseionary church of Sir JaMEs GRAHAM, of the Times. But whilst into a normal church, and had thereby invaded the peace the crafty leaders worked in this direction, the and tranquillity of this country. (Renewed cheer.) agreed with the Solicitor-General in this respect lie ; ,Inere BCIIOOIbOSB set to work in another, scatter themselves into tirailleurs, and getting but, then, what was the remedy the government Ji g had provided? The bill consisted of a single dative up a system of annoyance, the effect of The Solicitor-General had said that here we had which must necessarily be, not the severing a cardinal, with his red stockings and his catch- of the whigs, hut the binding their ranks more nalatical hat, laying down the law tor Roman catholic". closely, saute compactly, and devotedly together. But, when this bill was pamed, where would the cardinal • there any prohibition in The big' gest sthoolboy in this campaign of bush be ? (Hear, hear.) Where was the bill ageing the introduction of bulls ? (Hear, hear.) fighting, notwithstanding his good intentions and his The Solicitor-General had the greeted possible objection to good cause, has been 13.“1.1.1E. Lord JOHN the introduction of th t canon law ' • but, in the bill, there ItesseLL ought to be, and no doubt is, profoundly was nothing whatever which had a tendency to prevent the o bli ge d to m in , introduction of canon law and the weiemleing if synod.. And yet if there was any object to be gained by (Ilcar, hear.) The right hon. baronet (Sir R. Inglis) had lately prevented a petition to that house, to prevent young dcmolishiri the whigs, the Nylon stick is as good persons from being detained in convents and their money front and as ha rt a one as could be 'found for beating out being conveyed away from them by ltosnan catholic priests. their brains. For certainly anything so reckless as lint would this bill prevent that ? The hon. and keened the appointment of the officiids in that colony, so gentleman with great ability, endeavoured to prove that repasterous as the conduct of those o ffi cials, and the bishop of a voluutary church mereised his authority rastly, anything so gravaitously suicidal as Lord subject to the laws of the countr y: he wed that the mune of law took cognisaitee of their bye lava, and in that way Olive's seeking to cover their mindeeds, was enough exercised tempera! jurisdiction. Why the hon. and learned to sink any ministry. gentleman could not hal* known that the clauses affecting The fa report of the evidence before the that part of the argument had been withdrawn. They .- f, e 3 lon committee is now before the public. And were told that when Dr. Cullen came from Rome he violated the civil power by assuming the title of Archbishop one has but to peruse the evidence of that witness , of Armagh. The Attorney-General fur Ireland was con- best informed, and, at the same time, most able and suited, and he Neill Dr. Cullen appeared to have must capable to screen the government, to be con vinced how ill-judged and unwarrantable were the violated the law, but they had only seen it in the newspapers; they could not obtain evidence of the fact, whole of their policy and pineeedings. m and the etateente in the newspaper' were not evidence in a court of law. And therefore', Dr. Cullen was not prose- If ever there was a race which chance or for cuted. Now, could it be believed, that this was the urge- tune bad rendered subject to us, which demanded ment for bringing in a bill which would lease the law in fair and mild treatment, it certainly was the Kandian. They rebelled e{ -- ,rinse a tyrant king, and England precisely as it was in Ireland? And the day after the act had received the royal assent the government would made over their allegiance t.) us. But in return they consult the hon. and learned gentleman and he would reply, found us worse than any native tyrant, in the aboh " I have only seen it in the newspapers, 1 have no further evidence of it, and therefore I cannot prosecute them," and tion of their feudal habits, i.l the attempt by what Dr. Wiseman would go scot free. The measure was we called civilisation to sue...p away their nobility and clergy, and to impose numerous money taxes large enough to irritate and not large enough to ;eon a people who knew not the Ilbe of money. The settle, It appeared to him that this act would affect the loyal catholic subjects of this country, and that they according to Sir EfleltsoN TENSEST, wen , nut doing it so as to vindicate the honour of the andian chiefs, crown. They were not repelling the insults they had re- are exceedingly moral, and have no violent v ices. ceived, they were not adding one iota to the security of Drunkenness does not tempt them, and no race the protestant institutions of England ; hut this they were can be more abstemious with respect to women. doing—they were creating within the vitals of this country They have no jealousy. They are most unwar little wound, a festering wound—a wound the end of like. Their rekion: Buddhism, is the most which they did not foresee, and the cure of which they could not effect. They must bear in mind that to favourable to civilisation of any of the Eastern legislate on ecclesiastical titles was to leave the thing as they creeds, and did they not falsify it Sy adhesion to found it. He was persuaded that by persevering in caste, it would almost merit a certain degree of this bill they should not vindicate the honour of the 1 itroTioge. They have no wants, no wealth. Their crown, they should not repel the sovereignty of Great r sole property is land, and the sole use they make of Britain, they should not repel this continental invasion, they should not accomplish any object by a clause which their property in land is to feed the peasnniry, which it was known could be evaded. He believed that if are thus their retainers. the other clauses were to remain they also could be easily I On this timid, poor, aboriginal, and amiable peo evaded. He, therefore, considered that by supporting this plc was first of all laid a Monet' tax, which the bill he should offer rather an a ff ront to, than comply with. e the desires of the pneeetants of England ; he thought that Pmr• who had nothing they could call their own, were said condemned to pay ; fur instance, for keeping:a dog. he should do much to render Ireland ungovernable, that upon him would uut rest a share of the nspouei- ; When,in consequence of this,theeshowed signs of dis !nay. He agreed with the honourable end learned content and disaffection, a set of laid officers and police gentleman the Attorney-Generel, that they were let loose upon them, who felt towards the Kan - Iv very watchful and cautions in their proceeding s ee,„ e because if they put themselves in the wrong the retribution and also spoke of them, as Sir 11.eitar S. • mtrit would recoil upon theme:lves ; and believing that that might of the Katfirn, or an Irish Orange magistrate of would be the effect of the wetted reading of this bill, hi 1793 might of the Irish. These poor Kandians fired regard to the honour of the crown, in regard to the Just ly some shots in the air, and wounded one soldier with excited feelings of the justly excited prutestants of Engl; •; a slag in some chasm encounter. Then martial law he should refuse his assent to the second reading of this was instantly proclaimed, and stuamary trials and bill. (Cheers.) Mr. M. MILNES moved the aljournment of the debate. more summary executions followed. ' When the Mr.DISRAELI said it would be well if the hoax should officials were questioned as to what really was the really understand when the adjourned debate wont' use of proclaiming martial law, they answered, that come on. • it was for the purpose of teaching the Kandians that Sir G. GREY said the hon. gentleman the member for .„ ee . e „ w _ . e . e- RS caveat onenee. sears, it was coin- Bridport, who had the first notice, we. willing to give way. I ""ss"' There were no other notices of any importonee ou the phuned. had sod over without their being taught paper except that of the member for Carlow, respecting the this. One should thick the fair^st way to inculcate Irish tithe rent charge, and he did not consider that to be of such pressing importance as that it should be brought en • before theSdjourned debate. Mr. SADLEIR said it was utterly impossible that he should decline proceeding with the motion. The subj, et was of importance and he had postponed it last session. lie ' felt bound. to proceed with the motion. Mr. DISRAELI—WiII the right hon. gentleman inform us whether the budget will come on on Monday ? The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER was un ' derstood to reply that it would come on on Friday. It was not easy to say to what length the debate would go on, I but the find night after the debate was concluded they would go on with the nary estimates. Mr. GOULLII:RN—May I inquire whether, under any circumstances, the Oath of Abjuration Bill will come on to morrow ? The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER.—No. FEMALES IN RELIGIOUS HOUSES BILL. Mr. LACY having signified his intention to postpone the second reading of this bill till Thursday, Mr. REYNOLDS took the opportunity of stating a fact that had come to his knowledge that day, with reference to Miss Talbot, whose case had been brought before the house the other day by a petition from an hon. member of that house, presented by the hon. member for Oxford University —that fact was, that .Mi‘s Talbot was not a postulant in the nunnery, as stated in the petition. The other orders of the day were then disposed of, and the house adjourned at halfspast 12 o'clock. A petition against the return of Mr. Thoby Prinsep, for has been prepared, and will, it is understood, be prosecuted with every chance of sum r. PARLIAMENTARY COMMITTEES.—The committee on the South Devon Railway, Bristol and Exeter Railway, and Groat Western Railway (arrangements) Bulb, are appointed to meet on Tuesday, 25th March ; the committee on the (heat Northern and Sheffield and Rotherham Bills on the same day. The committee on the Commercial Docks Improvement, Angerstein's Branch Railway, Mayfield Railway, and North and South Western Junction Railway, on Thursday, 27th March ; on which day also the commit tee on the York, Newcastle and Berwick Railway, Stock ton and Darlington, and Malton and Driffield Railway Bilb, will meet. STANDING OIRIARII COMMlTTEE.—litesolutions reported I on Friday:-1. That, in the vie of the Great Northern I Railway Amendment (No. 1) DIU, petition for dispensing with standing Orders Nos. 145 and 160, the said standing orders ought not to be dispensed with. 2. That, in the ease of the Dundee and Arbroath Railway Bill, petition for dispensing with standing orders Nos. 10.5 and DK the said standing orders ought to be dispensed with ; that the par ties be permitted to be heard on their petition before the committee on the bill, notwithstanding the same shall have been deposited later than seven clear days after the second reading of the bill. 3. That, in the case of the Manchester Improvement Bill, petition for dispensing with standing orders Nos. 10:3 and 166, the mid standing orders ought not to be dispensed with.—Second resolution agreed to. ART UNION of LONDON, Incorporated by Royal Charter.—The Subscriution Llat ehsw 31st Ihntani.— Ewch PRIZEHOLDER will be entitled to suter for HIMSELF* a WORK of ART, an berry fore. Every noharriber will have for each guinea the ebnice of one of two line enonivinwv. " Tne Burial of Ha rold," by Y. bacon. after F. B. Pickernsill, A RA, or "Tbe Villa cf LIICIIIIWS" by J. T. Willmore, A.E.R.A.. after W. L. Leitch; aid a volume of word engravings by eminent erebet•, Illustrating Gold. vinith's poem of "'Toe Traveller." The " Villa of Lucullua" is now ready. GEORGE GODWIN. f honorary SO, West Strand. LEWIS POCOCK, ) Secretaries. v rprelsfs. TO CORRESPONDENTS. Adam haemeete iatended;;;ll;l , apress, ^iio4oo Everitt"( paper, moat be at the thee, 10, 8041.11i.411111t, by Two ceeloek ow tbe 11100 WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE TM/ DAT.-110Mi111. L. 31. Afttriam, 91. Mai. T9.1401L10W-610Mag. U. 15ot Aftersouo, 3h. 370. LONDOY, TUESDAY, MARCH 18. such atbelief, at least on persons upon whom it was not before impressed, was to afford them a civil trial, and give its due importance and terrors to the regular law. Instead of this, the Kundians were shot down by hurried courts-martial. And this summary juris diction was made use of as affording facilities for plunder. After such acts being proved, it was really a piece of unwarrantable rashness on the part of Earl GREY to award the officials a vote of thanks from the Colonial-Office. Dismissing them on the ground of personal squabbles, and a want of respect for themselves and others, he still lands the ad ministration of Ceylon ; and then issues a kind of challenge to Mr. BAtt.t.tt;, which in any other cir cumstance than that of the present cabinet he was bound to take up. Lord GREY in these his sentences, attributes too much blame to thetrivial defects of society, to want of courtesy and conciliation, whilst he bestows unlimited la►rdon and indulgence on acts of tyranny, spoliation, and murder. There is something completely wrong in the moral sense, which commits such blunders. And were Ceylon a solitary instance, one might be snore in clined to account for it and excuse it as a casual error. ' But in the ease of Sir HENRY WARD and of Go vernor OTERRAL there is precisely the same indul gence towards tyranny—the same indifference to wards the treatment and the sufferings of the op pressed—the same determination to uphold criminal' and foolish functionaries per fits of nqits against the plainest evidence, and against the verdict of the coun try and of parliament. N'e'e regret to have to say thusmuch. For Earl GREY is not a man that the liberal cause can spare. And liberal he is in mane great and vital points, although so unaccountably illiberal in many of his crotchets. We should be sorry for his own benefit and his own future career to see him issue scatheless from this Ceylon inquiry. But we should . equally regret any positive vote of censure upon a minister who suffers for the crimes of others, more front his chivalry and self-will in determining to screen them, than hum his having been personally or administerially an ac complice. Mr. BUMF, at all events, need not have thrust his motion athwart the business of the House of Commons. Lord TonatsGros and Earl GREY sit in rent. Rut, in the great revolution now going on in agriculture, a bad or an indifferent tenant is not worth retaining at even an increase of his rent. The smaller squirearchy. with lands charged and sur charged with encumbratiees, have much to answer for; but not more than their inferior tenant:T. And it is for and by these two classes that the return to protection is sought—that it may enable the one to provide for their marriage settlements ; that it may enable the other to live on farms on which they arrest the progress and the amount of pro duction. the Lords; and Lord STANLEY has ample opportuni ties for bringing the governor and the colonial secre tary to the bar at once of the house and of public opinion without jeopardising the fate of the ministry and retarding the important business of the country. Whenever, then, we ACC a great proprietor like the Duke of Itemoto, re-valuing and re•adjusting him estates to the emergencies of the times and the wants of the age—that man is fairly, and honestly, and earnestly attempting " to do his duty in the state of life into which it has pleased (ion to call him i" and about him and his there is hope, and life, mid prospe rity. Though, of course, his sincerity and activity will he called " too had' by those who seek to live on the industry and labour of their fellow creatures. FRANCE. PARIS, MONDAY EVI'NINt! To-day the Assembly entered upon tho discussion of the sugar hill presented by the government. This project contains three important provision=. It re duces the duty on all sugars, from whatever country imported, from 4,5 fr. to 24r., by means of a pro gressive diminution of arr. yearly during a period of four years. It takes Mr. off the additional tax of 20fr. imposed on foreign sugar. Lastly, it proposes to take for the base of the duty the quan tity of saccharine matter in t h e sugar, according to its conversion into refined sugar. This bill has received considerable changes at the hands of the committee, which admits the amount and mode of reduction in the duty proposed by the government, but does not apply it uniformly to all sugars. A preferenty is shown to colonial sugars, which are to be relieved of the 20fr. in only three years, instead of four. The additional duty on foreign sugar is reduced, on the other hand. iOfr. Lastly, the committee takes as the base of its tariff the quantity of pure sugar contained in the article, without taking into account its refinement. M. Schneider, Minister of Commerce,: rearC a lengthy document, in which he mentioned as the basis of the project which the government was prepared to accept Ist. No reduction of duty. 2. Reduction of the duty on foreign sugars to 12fr. file. the find year, and loft. the second. :1. The maintenance of equality of duties between French sugars. 4. The base of imposition to be the degree of saccharine richness. M. lleugnot. the re porter, defended the project of the committee. M. Lestibondois opposed it. The sitting continues. 'The Assembly will vete probably this evening for passing to the second deliberation. THE estates of the Duke of RUTLAND have, it is stated, just undergone a revaluation, and the result as currently reported, is an increased rental. "Is it not," inquires the journal which makes this announce ment, " really too bad, atter the sympathising addresses of the Marquis of GRANBY at Waltham, which the tenantry so warmly applauded, and on whose disinwrestedness they so implicitly relied?" It is, of course, not only •• too bud," but very bad, for any man, be he the Marquis of GRANBY or a stray porter at a railway station on the dis charge of a full train, to make statements that art• unfounded, or to raise expectations that are nut likely to be fulfilled. But there is nothing " too bad" in the Doke of Iturt.vxn raising 9 Q , his rents, if they were previously too low. Lord GRANBY'S ora torical fears and parliamentary apprehensions int- 1 posed no obligation on his father to take less for his land than it is worth. And in revaluing at the present low prices of agricultural produce his estates, the Dike of RUTLAND has acted not only justly, hut very considerately towards his tenantry. For, in the pro tectionist opinions of the house of MANNERS, such a revaluation would of course be likely to lower and not to raise rents. And as, in the Duke of RUTLAND'S alse, the valuation shows his farms to be under, not over-rented, he has as good a right to have their fair value, as the railway porter has to the fair value of his labour at the station. There is nothing. then, " hod," but everything that is good and proper in such a transaction ; it pourtrays the Duke of RUTLAND as a very honourable, sensible, and judicious landowner—such, in fat, us, despite his high tory politics, he has always had the repu tation in Leicestershire of being. And wrong, too, as his sons are in politics, there is a smack of old English heartiness about them. The truth is, that the great territorial leviathans of this country—the proprietors of whole districts, inherited from long lines of ancestors—the men of traditions and family, are, as a body, not only what arc called good landowners ; but frequently bad landlords, because of what are deemed their good characteristics. The late Duke of Nournum ' BERLAND, for example, with the kindest and best intentions in the world, was a very indifferent land lord ; because, on he went in the same imperfect system of management that he had inherited ; and the consequence was, his funs were indifkrently culti vated by an inferior tenantry. So, also, the present Duke of CLEVELAND ; farms on his northern estates have descended in tenants' families for half a century and more at the same rent; yet there arc no louder grumblers at the times than those very farmers. _ . The news from Germany represents the negotia tions for the fitrmation of a central executive to have assumed an entirely new phase. It seems that shim the return of M. Manteutfrl from the eonference of Dresden the influence of that ra • 'stet has greatly declined, while the policy of M. Itadowitz is once more in the ascendant. M. Manteutfel. on his return from Dresden to Berlin, submitted the last draft of arrungenti at settled with Prince Schwarzenberg to his sovereign, in the full conviction that he had succeeded eent pletelv in his mission. The King received him wilt ' marked abruptness, told him that he was mistaken, that he had misconceived the interests of Prussia, and his draft was rtjected. This was a check for M. Manteuffel, and a success for M. Itadowits. In the meantime the last proposals of Austria arrived at Berlin, in which Prince Schwartenburg consented to allow two more votes to the eentrul power, which votes were to be distributed collectively among tho small states. These proposals were not tulmited by the Prussian government, which deemed the concession of Austria insufficient. In its answer to the Austrian go- vennuent, the cabinet of Berlin dwelt on two point;— one mice • g the constitution of the central ismer, and the other on the partition of this power. On the Hest point, Prussia clenumded that the number of canal" votes, which Austria offers to incivase foal n to 13, should be raised to 17, and that the 6 addi tional votes should be divided between the small states. On the second point Prussia demands the right of treating, upon a footing of complete equality with Austria, all questions affecting the international relations of the Confederation, of taking an equal. share with Austria in the discussion of all questions raised by . the exercise of interna tional rights, of signing in common with Austria all instruments relative thereto—in a word, a real equality in the exercise of the presidency. In pre sence of this fresh outbreak of rivalry between the two great German powers, the conference of pleni potentiaries is not ready to resume its delibera tions at Dresden, which were to have recommenced on the lath March, hut are now indefinitely ad journed. In the meantime, the scrotal commission of the conference has taken an important step. which has rather startled the Getman world. Having been charged with the examination of the plan of the King of Wu Lemberg for establishing a representa tive chamber of the German peopre }aside the su preme federal power, it has hunted mot bniught up a report favourable to that proje,t, and submitted to the conference a resoln ---..,. A good landlord is he, who, putting his land into sound working condition, requims its full value at the hund.s of a skilful tenant having sufficient pecuniary means to cultivate his farm; who abstains from mak ing it a rabbit-warren at his tenant's expense; who seeks so much intelligence in his tenantry, as to be under no necessity of dictating in detail the system of husbandry to be pursued; and who will either himself lay out money in permanent improvements, or give his tenants security for the money they may invest in giving an increased value to his property. Such a landlord only is a good landlord; and on his property will generally be found a corresponding tenantry—men dealing with the soil scientifically, not empirically, bringing to itsculture sufficient cam tal, and care, and attention, and thought, and above all, economy. For it is in the last-named quality—greater economy in management—that the safety of tenant farmers against free importations mainly lies. 1111 C most wasteful things in the world arc ignorance, care lessness, and inadequate means. And these it is that are the chronic complaints of the English fanners. Go where you will over their farms, there you see evidence of waste—there in the shape of neglected manure, there in broken gates, in hedges and ditches occupying too much space, in carts lying in the open fields, ui amble land imperfectly ploughed —in-doors in the absence of proper accounts. Now whilst such men may have many grounds of com plaint against their landlords, their landlords have lust as many against them; and the country can no onger afford to pay either for had landlords or bad tenants. Such tenants would find the soil a deur and bad bargain at any price, and, in a national point of view, they are quite unworthy of any attention. Under monopoly laws, this order of farmers went on grubbing the earth they encumbered without much profit to themselves, but secure of a livelihood, inasmuch as they were themselves the manufactures' of provisions ; and bringing up their families as if their system of farming was the acme of human skill. This race, however, is doomed; it must either rise to the intelligence that the tunes require, or disappear into the order of labourers which the want of intelli gence suits. And it is disappearing, for Sir CHARLES WOOD was correct in saying, . that throughout the country, particularly in Scotland, the successful shopkeeper and small ma nufacturer are taking to funning: generally, too, at higher rents than their predecessors on the lands' they take. Now these men bring to the cultivation of the soil the habits of business, order, progress, and economy, to which they owed their success in trade; and before these habits the difficulties and the mys- ! teries of agriculture will disappear. compensated bymntethtßseuotrt:;:egeahniifritotg::::7o It is by the capacities of such men, by the applies- ! tion of commercial principles and usages and perse verance ' to the manufacture of food out of the soil, I that the success of free trade, so far as it affects do- mestic production, is to be tested. Where, ' as in the instance we gave the other day, ' of the Kelso farmers, improvement had previously I , done all that was immediately possible, and they i had nothing to fall back upon when subjected ' to foreign competition, there, of coqrse. they have an irresistible claim for such a reduction a rents value mnalchtd ien o sms f c o tash t nt h ead c t • as the fall in the price of grain which has not been j reduction t a t r y r 1 i..t sD produce. of fgs r e r e f Ll agir uk b gi c i : y eaL ° o a t ; revaluation, and by a due consideration of the greater cconcgay of good over bad funning. A good tenant is so precious a person. that it is always v:01 to keep him by a small reduction of tion on the subject. This report is the wink of M. Roust, minister of the King of Saxony. The King of Prussia is said to have been. 'so deeply struck by the King of Wurtemberis letter, as to muter highly probable his separation from Austria and union with the four kings on this gin ',- don. Meanwhile Austria, of course, rejects with disdain the resolution of the comtuission. The Rouen papers announce the death of the mother of M. de Germinv, Minister of Finance. The statistics of the National Guard of Paris show that this militia has been reduced from 2.51,0414) to 5tk009, without reckoning the suppression of the legion of artillery. Sir Charles Napier is announeed as having arrield at Marseilles by the last picket front Malta, the Lycurguc. The night before the Lyeurgue left Con stantinople the 'mhos: of the Seruskier, Melwmet Ali, was completely destroyed by tire. M. Dona.° Cortes, Marquis of Valdegnmas, ap pointed Spanish minister at Paris, arrived at Bor deaux with his suite on Thursday, and is probably at this hour in Paris. A fall of 29 centimes in alto Fives, which closed at 01.5, was attributed to the news from Germany. It was even reported that Radowitz had limn made minister again. 6: TURKEY. The mail from Constantinople hasbrought import int news from Bagdad. It is well known that the great Arab tribe of the Auneaeh migrate yearly, following the course of the Euphrates, from the neighbourhood of Aleppo to that of Bagdad, where they arrive about Christmas, and sell camels and horses, and bur dates. It has long been the custom of the pashas of baglad to pay black mail to the powerful sheiks of this tribe and the Shammar, when their vast encamp ments move down into the neighbourhoorl of the old capital of the caliphs, in order to keep the roads opcu, and protect pilgrims and travellers from the depredations of the Bedouins. It seems, however, that Abdi Pasha, who has recently %weeed to the pashalik, refused the usual purses of Vitamins demanded of him by the Annezch sheikhs. Thereupon a cloud of mounted Bedouins, with their spears. were seen in the horizon on the right hank of the Ti- Kris. The MIAs Bel, whooping, with their }has toward+ the city-wills, while their women raised the shrill alarm of their thrilling "Lu-1m1.." Alan Pasha marched out with his to meet the enemy; but, although they had can non with them, they inuld not .tend the eb•rwe of the Annereh, nna they NWT , ' beaten bncic blto Bagdad, after suffering considerable loss, and leaving one gun on the tiekl. The Annezel; 1k CA, encamped in the immediate neighlwatrhood tr :he city, which they besieged. aml eontinited their MT,o dations to the light and left over the whole coy., i y plundering the villages and driving, off t.;::;e. I Meanwhile three of the to the Semi to perky with the Paola; .(Ine of these having suddenly It- Alqpeetell (113 , ue must have been poisodd yitA_ to c or etv.. - which is nAually offered usii : eoun,Lott skin the on all visas. The Arab, L.s‘lthtl,u ictitaad „at pitch of fury by this presirmed, trait:Bevy. It seems that, although veZereltii4 been Baia to C