The Express. — London, England, 1852-08-10 00:00:00

Dltt/FESSOR MUSPRATT to Mr. ALLSOPP. 1 j. .. i have ameba ty analysed samples 01 your sko% ctrl Pod that they Jo rot a i.t. , in a I article a say injurious • uetante. 1 and my Lamy laser oast your all.. 1. r yeas, arid alth I' deal ecelk.erre li their panty. I kn.', that Pale Air, prepare.' as to ~,t,,,,.„ 1,. mar si.tile surieilisrar. ea. tains a large quantity of nutritious t , op., ; „s,F U. b• by by tut !eat .pa voting. tires 4 1 . 4 AU'. toi.e to tne elaarca. 59 4 1:1D Cr SIVSPILSTF, Filth. L., •• Mt areci of Ma this! Irbh Academy, .. had of la eatiitit u•t:n,oursarnient. .. Cenrite of Cheat...Tv, I.lverpait... ALLSOPP'S PALE or BITTER ALE may be Award In cola of ty grat'one and arrant. fe,on the r..,,.ry, unnaosa-Trent; tat :tout la i itadaraentloned Brawl t'otatilish =Ms: I a t!‘ 110,1 . .. .... at LI, lilng Wlllbabetztret, City. I IVltaPtleil, at rouloatreet. v.sciii....4rLa .. at Ilehlaplare. li' tLEY .. . .... it Burst War. t;1..1. lallla ail BUN .... ...... I I Wel:1001 M ... In au hi r of alibis places a list ufrespisetablo startle. who rolifill ;'ii lone to hurtles (sad also ha asks at the war ythis all from the Brvitray) may at ray time be i.e.. Zitt eroregis• TO C'-'•RItICSPONDINTS. • trentE LElllae r:•• Thir Tspfuns," 01.1511141 SSW o , oll'l'. punnlisol tray Turaday &LI If W.l .rat, .n Lao fx post. Ad rorturnrixtstnien•Ur: The £ pr.. "t.. 1 !rn ',nein/ roper, marl* be at U.O. stake, 10 , , 3•Amiiiraireet. fy Two c'euiln cm the day el publissinam. HIGH WAThlt AT LONDON BRIDGI. Tun Dae—lfondad. Wm. a. To....sairw—lisnuad 103 101 i. oa. (A).VDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 10. Witerfira it be decorous and dignified for the .%merican Secretary of State to harangue an Amer-- can audience on the Fisheries Question in its present state, is a point on which British notions of, propriety cannot for a moment hesitate in com- ' ing to an opinion unfavourable to the con duct of Mr. M Ewan. Still Mr. IVERSTER'S con duct has its excuses. The constitution of the United States excludes the Secretary of State from his legitimate position in the Federal Legislature, and having. consequently, no legitimate opportunity for giving utterance to his opinions on important crises, he is compelled in so popular a government to make one that has its inconveniences. Then, too, in the New England States, which ore so deeply concerned in this threatened exclusion from the - Bay of Fundy, it was not unnatural that those who assembled at Marshfield to do him honour should expect some notice of the subject from Mr. WEI3z•TER; and to disappoint popular anticipation in the face of a Presidential Election would constitute a serious offence in the United States. We must not, there - - tore, judge Mr. AVelisren too harshly for doing in his own country what would be a breach of all ministerial propriety in this; particularly u his statements throw farther light on the question so rashly and so mis7hievously opened by Lord DERRY and his colleagues. The most potent consequences," says Mr. WEIV , TER, are involved in this matter. Our tisberies have been the very nurseries of our navy." No doubt they have been; and that is a considera tion very interesting to Americans. But it is never theless beside the real questions in this ease., They are: First, whether the Americans have,, under the Treaty of Ghent, any legal right to nurse their navy in the Bay of Fundy ; Secondly, what legal rights their practice of fishing there (in disregard of the British view of the treaty) up to March, 1843, and with the permission of the British government since that date, gave the Ameri cans ; and, thirdly, if none, whether it was good policy, in accordance with enlightened views of com merce, or was only calculated to rupture the rela tions between two countries—whose every interest ought to make them (in material concerns) one—for England to act on the strict legal interpretation of the treaty, to disregard the long habit of American trespass previous to 1543, and to treat as naught her own permission in that year, without the form. the courtesy, or decency of pre cious notice; and to commence in the Bay of Fundy an entire change of policy," by sending thither thirteen ships of war, seizing on 'American fishing boats, and setting in motion Vice-Admiralty Courts for their condemnation? These are the real questions; and even those who contend that, under the treaty of Ghent, the Bay of Fundy is a mare elmsestm ; and that usage and permission to the contrary created no legal rights ; even they must unhesitatingly condemn the course adopted and described in the third of these in quiries. For extreme rights of excluding other nations from a fishery which by our lachesse and our leave they had fished in for more than thirty years, mast be reasonably and rationally used ; otherwise we not only excite prejudices and pardons, but we run the risk of destroying property which we ourselves have been the occasion of creating. The Boston memorial to Presi dent FILL totte represents that 2,100 vessels and 30,000 seamen are now engaged in these fisheries representing property valued at twelve millions of dollars. To exclude this fleet, at a moment's cadet, from its ordinary pursuits in the Bay of Fundy is to depreciate its value ; to seise and carry off, without warning, two of its nestle foe condemnation is an outrage which respect for a treaty only can shield from being pro perly descnbed as buccaneering. Elaborately to defend the right which England may have acquired under the Treaty of Ghent can, in no way, degree, or extent justify such a sudden, unforeseen, and pernicious attack on American property this is. For men are moral beings with moral as responsibilities; and their common wel fan, the common pine of the world, and the com mon progress of the human race forbids them to ex ercise their legal rights in tech a manner as to hurt and injure every one around them. A people so act lag must become a common nuisance to mankind. Away, them, with such special pleading as diplo rustic rematches and fine legal views only will bear I out! The matter really in controversy is how the two foremost nations in the world (with every i n _ tenet to unite and none to separate them) should act towards each other. Looked at from this point of view, who can doubt that the DERBY Cabinet have made England give grievous and just offence to the United States; have made her assume • position that neither in morals nor in manners, neither in sub stance nor in form, is honourably maintainable; that, they have made her turn to gall and wormwood mug and growing American feelings of kind ness and regard; and that they have made her an okeet of suspicion to other powers? Perhaps it is true that they did not mean anything of the sort— that all they aimed at was acquiring a little colonial popularity, and to regain some reputation for vigour. It may be so, but what a character for helplessness, ignorance, and incapacity, what danger, does not the absence of malevolent intent draw down on the miserable cabinet that gets England into such wanton and witless scrapes! And how are these men, these ministers, to make the Americans understand that they have under taken to govern the greatest of European monarchies, not having either the head or the heart to manage decently the affairs of a parish? Are they to go, rap in hand and blushing, to Mr. Wen:lran and con fess the humiliating degrading truth? Or, having headlong plunged their country into this meal, will they bluster, and bounce, and bully, u if they had all the courage of Parr and all the sagacity of Peet to carry them through? Not that in this question of American Fisheries England has no just complaint against the United States. It has what would have been a very serious grievance in the bands of any Ministers, masters of the hornbook of political education. That grievance is the unfairness with which the Americans fish these waters. " If." exclaimed Mr. Waurren at Marshfield, "our flag ships have conquered the enemy on the sea, the tishenes have been at the bottom of it— the fisheries are everywhere the seeds from which these glorious triumphs were born and sprung." Now. without professing to know very well where " these glorious triumphs" riferred to were achieved, and over what enemy they were gained, it is impos sible not to admit that in their fisheries the Ameri cans have a resource of great military strength. And to them as a means of repelling attack or as sailinq wrong, no Englishman can have the smallest objection. Bat, when in 1641 Lord ABERDZEN conceded permission to the Americans to doh m the Bay of Fundy, he ought undoubtedly to have added the condition precedent, thit they should do so on terms of equality with the British colonists. That he did not was a here blunder. For while the Americans receive abo Nit on their catch in British waters from the American government, the British fishers therein valve ROW either from the Home or Colonial governments; and while we admitted the Am/limns to take our ill& freely, they imposed a heavy duty on its admission when taken by British subjects into their ports. Thus situated, with a bounty to their rivals operat ing against them, awl excluded by heavy taxes from the neighbouring pe ts, the British fished at great disad‘antage. And of the bounty and the duty the British government haul a right to complain. But eetnplaint, where camplaint would have been reasonable and strung, the DEanY Cabinet has made none. On the contrary, by the violent measures it has adopted, it has greatly added to snd increased the difficulty of having these grievances remedied. It lias substituted wrong of its own for remonstrances against injury by the United States to colonial in terests. Instead of despatei•es, it has sent guns across the Atlantic. Instead of instructing Mr. CRAMPTON at IViishington, it has ordered Admiral SLYmoult into the Buy of Fundy. And instead of using diplomacy and negotiation, it has risked colli sion and war. FRANCE. PARIS, MONDAY DINNING. lilac all are agreed that at this moment the President concentrates in his single person the government of France, so little is the public aware of his movements or Ling!, that he makes distant journeys, and is back again 'at St. Cloud before a single newspaper in Pal is gets wind of his start. We are made aware to-day, by a country paper, the :Wonderer du Luiret, of Yesterday's date, that the President passed througfi Orleans on Saturday on his way to the Chateau of Lamotte-Beuvron, which the Prince lately purchased in the moors of the Sologne, on the south bank of the Loire, and which formerly belonged to the Beauharnais family. As the decree authorising the fifteen ex-representatives to return to France is dated on Saturday from St. Cloud, the President must have left that palace on the same morning. We are informed that • special train was waiting for him at the Paris terminus of the Orleans railway at half past four in the afternoon. He reached Orleans two hours and-a-half later; and continuing his journey by the Vierson line, arrived at Beuvron at half-past seven. Although this journey took place in broad day two days ago, so completely in the dark is the Paris press with regard to the doings of the autocrat of France that not a single paper, either of yesterday or to-day, makes the least allusion to it. I understand that the journals of Orleans have not been distributed to-day, whether in consequence of a retardation of the mail, or from an order of the minis try of police, I know not. Several sinister rumours have been circulated in consequence of this failure of news, but rest probably on no serious foundation. The President was expected back at St. Cloud with out delay, but I have received as yet no certain in telligence of his return. You are aware that when the recent changes were made in the ministry M. Baroche was privileged, as vice president of the Council of State, to sit in cabi net councils. I understand that since this arrange meet has been made a division has begun to make itself sensible between the opinions of M. Fould and Baroche on the one hand, and MM. Manpss and Persigny on the other. It may therefore be doubted, notw,thstanding the reassuing note of the Mundeur ' with regard to the permanence of the present minis terial arrangements, whether tho tendency of the cabinet is not rather towards a fresh crisis, than • consolidated form. Michel Ney, the son of General Duke d'Elchingen, and grandson of Marshal Nov, has just enlisted as a private soldier in the 7th Regiment of Dragoons. M. Cornudet, one of the councillors of state just dismissed for his judicial vote on the subject of the (Means confiscation, has inscribed his name on the list of advocates at the Court of Appeal. M. Dufaure has also returned to practice at the Paris bar. M. de Varennes, the French ambassador at Berlin, has addressed a complaint to the Prussian minister for foreign affairs, relative to an article in the New Prussian Gazette, in which the reception of' ' Napoleon on the German aide of the Rhine was described in • manner unpleasing to the French government. The ambassador desired that the editor of the paper should be prosecuted. The minister replied that the state of the Prussian law rendered it iml ossible for him to comply with this request. However, in the &casette of August 6, Doctor Beutner, the editor, announces that he has received a communication front the president of police enjoining him to refrain from publishing vio lent or spiteful articles against foreign powers, and especially against the President of the Republic, and stating that, in case of neglect of this warning, the government would be constrained to adopt measures against his journal. The Pays says: A letter from Vienas announces that in • note addressed by the eabiaet of St. James's to the Austrian government, the &animism is given that all measure, of meimation will be taken to prevent the presence of Kossuth at London from troubling the good relations established between Ragland and Austria. The . Mareinis Turgot, ex-minister for foreign efflux*, is about to leave Paris with his family for Italy. M. Achille Foetid, minister of state, has been ap pointed member of the council-general of the Mantes Pyrenees. Petitions for the empire have been forwarded by the prefect of the Basees-Alper to the ministry of the interior, containing 30,000 signatures, and the adhe sion of 200 municipalities. The Bassee-Alpes was one of the fiercest battle-fields of the instant:Mon in De sember—s near neighbours are socialism and im- - M. de Persigny has addressed to the prefects a circular announcing that subscriptions are to be re ceived by the government collectors for the execu tu of tits statue of the Emperor, which is to be erected, in conformity with the President's decree of September, 18.51, in the Cour des Adieux at Fon tainbiesu. Serious of a disorderly character hani his place in the Boone-et-Loire, in cense gem= dim strictness with which the mayors and geediemmo bee executed the decrees for closing ta rens duke mass on fete days. The colon about to be given to the nationalmrd differ but little from three of the army. The fringe of the Sag is of silver imbed of gold. The head of the eagle is not turned, aid the wings are close. The letters 1. N embeekbred upon a scutcheon of oak end hired brassie% on the four corners of the lig t of sei set of colours will be about Offildr., Ina esuotry regiments, that may object to this expos, IN at Miry to suppress the embroidery. A grand adlit•ry dramatic spectacle, of intense heal intend, is in preparation at Toulon, which wiL beesesedall the illustrations of the wars of Na =dyer witnessed at Astley's or the Porte St. It is intended on the occasion of the Presi ears visit to that town, to entertain him with a re montation of the famous siege of Toulon, at which the young lieutenant of artillery, Napoleon Bonaparte, gained his drat laurels. A large number of troops from the regiments quartered in Provence will be sent for to add to the reality of the scene. Who will be the principal actor, and point the real cannon from the real redoubt, whether an officer of modern artillery, or a professional gentleman accus tomed to the business from one of the Boulevard theatres is not stated in the programme. The Toulon entertainments will include a grand nautical display, with real water. the Mediterrsni an squadron being under orders to get up a mock fight in the port. A warning has been given to the Petit Courrier de /a Bretagne for having, in a leading article, " gretimied the truth" of the official bulletins re lative to the Prince Presideurs journey to Stras bourg. The prefect desires that the text of his warning, which is a snood one, may be printed at the head of the journal in the same type as the article complained of. At the Bourse the Four-and-s-Half per Centa, fell ckeing et 104.90; the Threes fell li, and closed at 75.15. The St. Germain Railway roes 15; Or leans. 7.30; Havre, 5; Rouen fell 25; Lyons, ; Marseilles and Northern, 2.34 each ; Dieppe, 1.25. THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 10. 1852 SWITZERLAND. The Mule fhtwtto annouticea that the petition of the populace of Frihurg atrainst the government impnied on them vas rejteted by the Federal Assem bly, on the sth instant, by a majority of 79 to 18 voters. ITALY. - "APL's, JOLT it. 'general 1 0 40 gieri (Prince Salelano) has given in 46 resignation, and is no longer Lord-Lieutenant of The Sicilian funds fell 11 per cent. accord in-oy. tit, before this letter reaches Euglat,d, he will, no doubt, be again ruler in Sicily. The difficulty rests with the Neapolitan cabinet, the majority of whose members seek to oppose Filangieri's power in the island, and are no doubt supported by the King. But the hero of Tormina has told his Sicilian Ma jesty in a few words—" If I am to govern Sicily, I must carry out my own policy, and not that of the Neapolitan government. The King cannot afford to loos Filangieri; he will, therefore, be reinstated. Mr. Hamilton's case remains in the same state. The Neapolitan government hitherto has only pro mised to explain their reasons for violating the busty. The British merchants of Naples have generally come forward and formed subscnptions to assist Mr. Hamilton, u the sudden closing of his school left him without resources. I have just heard that Filangieri insists on a change of ministry before he resumes his Lord- Lieutenancy. The change of men will not involve • change of policy. The triab for the revolt of May lb, have again commenced. An electric telegraph has been put up between Naples and Gaeta. This is the first experiment of the sort in the kingdom. The material is all English. I have received letters from Sicily (July 27.) A fight had taken place at Palermo between some butchers and the military. Three of the former were shot a few days afterwards. GERMANY. BERLIN, AUG. 7. The Duke of Saxe Coburg Gotha has raised his protest against the incorporation of the duchy of Laueaburg into the state of Denmark; the duke claims the reversion of Lauenburg in the name of the Ernestine branch of the Saxon family. The ruling party in Copenhagen is averse to a customs union between Denmark and the Duchies, and demands the renewal of the line of doom north of Schleswig. The congress of ministers of the coalition govern- 1 ments takes plane on the 10th inst. at Stuttgart. The south German press begins toadvocate the preservation of the Zollverein with more than usual warmth ; and as far as one can judge from the tone of semi-official journals, the coalitionists seem pretty generally to repent their Darmstadt treaty. The question is, whether, even if they desire it, they can extricate themselves from that treaty P I have been assured by a person who has good sources of information that Saxony, which was at first one of tho moat violent promoters of the coalition, has been so much shaken by remonstrances from the Saxon merchants and manufacturers, that it has sent M. Von Beast to Vienna with the commission to do his utmost towards breaking up the coalition and retracting the pledges given in final protocol of the Vienna conferences. It possible that this be true. If so, it is highly important, and will lead matters to a speedy con clusion. If Saxony, as well u Wurtemberg and Baden, show signs of deserting the coalition, Austria must either interpose its full authority, and back its will by an armed demonstration, or it must retire altogether, and leave Prussia in full possession of the field. The Belgian government seems to be damaging its credit by its railway undertakings. It has guaranteed 4 per cent. interest on the stock of the new Dutch- Belgian Junction line, in spite of which no money could be raised in London. The necessary sum has at length been negotiated here, but only as four-and half per cent. stock, and at a discount of 12 per cent. The judicial authorities of the University of Bonn lately caused the lodgings of the students to be searched, and the sabres kept for duelling to be seised. This so much exasperated the young men, that they commenced a riot in the town, and broke the windows in the TownhalL One student was ly wounded, and several were arrested. da re roe interchange of civilities between the) Prussian and Russian military chiefs proceeds systematically. General Wrangel having goco to the manmuvres near St. Petcrsburgh, Pnnce Paskiewitch has announced his intention of coming next month to the manceuvres in West Prussia. General Scheco. kenstein, formerly Prussian Minister of War, has met with a serious accident at the manceuvrte by St. Petersburg, where he wu in the suite of Prince Fre derick William of Prussia. A Russian officer, whose horse bolted, rim General Schreckenstein and his horse down with such violence that he broke three ribs, and revived some severe contusions. The Rus sian Minister of War, Prince Techernischeff, hu ar rived in Berlin. The warning to the Iron Zeitunf with regard to its attacks on Louis Napoleon was given by the pre sident of police in consequence of reclamations on the part of the French ambassador here. Don Miguel's wife has not yet been confined. Se veral Portuguese of distinction are assembled at Henbaeh Castle in order to await the event, and tes tify to the rights of the pretender's progeny. A junction railway is to built, it us said, from the Prussian Great Eastern to the Warsaw-St. Peters burg line. Russian and Prussian engineers are in specting the tract, and have recommended the route from Konigsberg ria Lyek and Grajewo to Rielly stock. The King of Prussia, it is added, profited by the Emperor's late visit Isere to gain his consent to this junction. The 11-aelifwatur Poet Zeitung has the following We learn from a source worthy of faith that the Ger. manic Diet was occupied in its last sitting with the consi deration of a constitution for Frankfort. Neat week the Diet will hold its last sitting previous to the vacation. The Lithographirte Correspondent says :—" im mediately upon the marriage of Louis Napoleon with the Princess Caroline of War, a notification will be transmitted to the different courts. This notification would appear the more nerrary, since the marriage of the Pre.ident with a princess of equal birth ap pears to form the preliminary to the foundation or a new dynasty in Europe. Louis Napoleon, it is stated, will express himself in this sense. The notification, it is asserted, will also throw light upon the contin• gency of the Empire." A letter from Vienna, dated Aug. 4, states that a 6 per cent. home loan of about 60,000,000 of florins will be raised before the close of the year. TURKEY. The mail from Constantinople of the 28th July, brings letters from Galata, of the 20th, according to which the town of Ibraila, upon the Danube, has suffered frightful ravages from a t.mpest, which, in the course of half-an-hour, sank a large number of ships in the river, and carried away every grain of wheat, maize, and barley for ten miles round. A greet many persons were drowned, and all the ship- ping bad sustained serious damage. GREECE. By the Levant mail we have received the Athens journals to the 27th ult. They announce that M. Paikos, the Greek minister for foreign affairs, has been appointed minister of justice ad interim, in place of M. Prorilegio, who has resigned. It is also offi cially announced that M. Palamides has been charged with the ministry of the interior, in place of M. Danapolo. A PARTY OF PLF.ASURIL FOR AUKTRALIA.—Among the passengers who went out to Australia in the mad steamer Formosa, which left Southampton on Saturday, were twe gentlemen of that town, who went out in her on pleasure, and intend returning to England immediately. One of the gen•lemen took his wife with him ; the other only made up his mind to go in her a day or two before she sailed, and as soon es he did et be went and paid hie 90 guineas for a ant-class berth. Fancy men going on a plea sure trip to the antipodes, and gt tting to the end of their , voyage in ten weeks ! Truly we live in an age of marvels. The fact that is just mentioned is of considerable signifi cance, as it shows that people are beginning to think that a voyage to Australia is no very great effort after all. Neat bear, when the Australs , ian and Pacific Company's 'lleum egin to inn between Pomona and Sydney, a team with a sin mouths' holiday and 3091. in his pocket may go round the wield gad Mpg splendidly the whole of the way. If any ono bug progasslicated such a thing aoentary ago he would hays bele egad in ► madhouse. CAPE OF GOOD HOPE. THE KAFFIR WAR. ARRIVAL OF TILE PROPONTIB ILECTRIC TRLEGRAPH.) PLYMOUTH, MONDAY 7 P.N. The mail packet Propontie, Captain Glover, has arrived. She left the Cape on the 2nd July. The dates from Graham's Town aro to the 26th June, and the intelligence is of a very desperate character. On the 12th June 5 waggons, in charge of Captain ' Windie and 34 sappers and miners, proceeding from Graham's Town to head quarters, were captured by Kaffir, and rebel Ilottentots. Nine sappers and two drivers were killed and seven wounded. The Small African Advertiser says " disorder and danger as well as actual war have become general fur fifty miles Jr more on both sides of a border line, some ono hundred and fifty miles in length." Major Rogge, Assistant Commissioner, died on the 9th of June from fever. THE AUSTRALIAN GOLD FIELDS. MELBOURNE, MARCH 31, 1862. The people here are independent to a degree ; they are independent of comfort, in a great meuure as a matter of nceewity, but pretend to be so from choice. There is very little sociability or hospitality in the townspeople, and the effect of gold-finding is visible more or leas in one and all. Gold is the cry —men, women, and children think of little else. Almost every body has been to " the diggings," and extraordinary have been the amounts brought sn—we look on gold here in pounds and hundredweights. " The digginp" arc of course the centre of attraction for all the thieves and scoundrels, of which Australia has always had the trues, for there is always the chance, if unlucky at digging, of "sticking up"—s. a., knocking down—some more fortunate individual. Thousands and thousands go to "the diggings," and there are hundreds dig their own graves, either falling by disease or being murdered or dying somehow—probably without a friend near them, and even utterly unknown There is no statistical account of the deaths at " the diggings," or the mortality return would in deed be (suite. Those who have capital content themselves chiefly with buying gold, of which the price keeps up wonderfully, the nugget' and clean well-washed dust fetching here in Mel bourne 60s. to 635. per ounce, in Adelaide 71s. On the road and at the stores at the diggings the miners, of coarse, are victimised, getting but about 471. per ounce, and by such dealings enormous sums are made. During this dry season (March 31st), the last four months, less has been done day by day. The scarcity of water has been dreadful. They have had to go miles to fetch it (or drinking, and it has been next to impunible to wu't the dust. They have, therefore, depended chiefly on finding nuggets. These come out more or less mixed with quarts (white or red), and with which it has evidently been fused some time or other. There are two torts, gold in quarts and quarts in gold. When we have the red quarts studded over and set in the gold, like rubies, it is very beautiful. Meat still remains moderate, 2d. per lb. ; potatoes, 103. per cwt. ; bread, la. 44.1. the 41b. loaf; butter, 2.1. 6d. per lb. ; milk, 10d. per quart; eggs 3s. per dozen ; wood, Me per load of ten hundred weight, which twelve months back would have been 10s.; in fact, all and every thing which involves labour is excessively dear. As a 'smote of extra vagant prices, to-day I saw six common second hand maho gany chairs sold for 18 guineas. AU clothing is dear. Shoes are 20.. per pair and boots Ms. to 635. But land beats everything as regards extravagant price, the fact, I presume, being, that the lucky and steady diggers, and the tradesmen who are realising, have no other investment. I have seen land about a mile out of Melbourne, that is front age, having behind a depth of 50 or 60 feet only, sell at 41. 10s. per foot; just outside the town I saw some sold at from 1,8001. to 2,000!. per acre, and even at that price it will form a good investment to sell again in small lots. In one thing I am disappointed, viz., in the healthiness of the climate. Dysentery, rheumatism, and consumption abound ; but a great allowance is to be made for the num ber of invalids shipped out, and the outrageous degree to which drinking and smoking are carried on. rbe Court. OSBORNE, MONDAY. Her Majesty and Prince Albert, the Prince of Wales, the Princess Royal, and Princess Alice. attended by the ladies and gentlemen in waiting, attended Divine Service at Whippingham Church, yesterday morning. The Rev. F. Prather° performed the Service and preached. The Hon. Beatrice Byog has succeeded the lion. Eleanor Stanley as Maid of Honour in Waiting. The Duchess of Kent, accompanied by the Princess Hohinlishe and Prince Charles and Princess Adelaide of Hohenloho, and attended by Lady Augusta Bruce and Sir George Cooper, loft her residence, Clarence House, St. James's, yesterday morning, fur Abergeldie. Her Royal Highness remains all night at Carlisle, continuing the journey northwards the following day. Earl FitshardMge, Lord Sondes, end the Earl of Sand wich had interviews with Mr. Se cretary Walpole, yester day, at the Home-office. Mr. David Waddington, M.P. for Harwich, had also an interview with the right hon. Secretary. Despatches were seat off, yesterday, to the Governors of Hong Kong and Ceylon from the Colonial-olice. Lord Justice Knight Bruce and family, Viscount Gormanston, accompanied by t he Honourable Mr. Preston sod family, Baron Van ßale,ltts. Ormsby, Dr. Latham and family, etc. otc , embarked on Sunday lest for the erseinent on board the Antwerp steamer Baron Osy, captain Jackson. HER MAJESTY'S CRUISE. PORTSMOUTH, MONDAY Motu. Her Majesty embarked on board the Victoria and Albert at 7 o'clock this evening, and will proceed at day light to-morrow morning to Antwerp. [RR ILICTRIO TILIOIBI.I.] (PROW OUR OWN CORRUPONDINT.) PORTSMOUTH, TURSDAT Moaxoto. Her Majesty mailed at seven this morning, on her voyage to Antwerp direct. THE MISUNDERSTANDING WITH THE UNITED STATES. TO TAI IDITOI OP TAP DAILY 1111111. Stu,—Allow me to ask through lour journal whether the projected war with America, into which the country is being plunged, is intended instead of a protection duty upon corn? Will it not have the same effect ? We are quarrelling with the Transatlantic farmers and provi sion merchants, to raise prices here. The two rooms whoare now the sole depofitories of freedom are artfully excited lab a quarrel gratuitously commented from Europe. What Itephistophiles has poured secret counsel into this an of the Foreign Secretary ? Does it emanate from Russia ? If it is imagined that America will submit in the same style to be annoyed by our fleets, as England does in the Channel or the Adriatic—to the French cruisers or the Austrian police, the =Make will be soon apparent. I can only hope that the waves of the Bay of Fundy may not be already crimsoned with that blood, • drop of which ought not to be shed except for the liberties of mankind. Barely the nation's voice, or at least the sixth portion of it which is heard in the Rouse of Commons, will demand the rend of the squadron of the St. Lawrence, and insist that the " difficulty " be amicably adjusted. If the war is commenced the results cannot be otherwise than disastrous. England will not gain the fisheries, and may lose possessions of far greater value. The mass of the population would even purchase victory dearly—at the price of their daily bread. I hope that you will insert this letter, as I am one of that rabble which, possessed of • stake in the country and its welfare, is deprived of all share in the legislation--of no more political account than a serf of the soil. Yours, &c. OItACCII I" S. London, August 9, 1852. THE ISLINGTON CATTLE MARKET.—Yeaterday this property, situate in the Lower-road, Islington, was offered fur sale by public auction at °areaway's, by Messrs. Farebrother, by direction of the mortgagees. The under taking waa originated by the late Mr. John Perkins, with a view to the removal of the cattle market from Smithfield, and was established by Act of Parliament in 1835, but on being opened for business was not sufficiently patronised fur its continuance as a market, and it has of late been used only fur the Isirage of cattle, but the business of the market can at ar y time be recommenced under its present act. The property comprises the market, which stands on about 16 acres of freehold land, building land, public-houses, private dwelling-houses, shops, end leasehold property, and the whole was offered to public competition in one lot. The first offer fur the whole property was 43,0001, and it was bought in at 62,0001., the sum offered not being sufficient to satisfy the demands of the mortgagees. Several of the City committee were present, as well as • great number of capitalists and other gentlemen interested in the removal of Smithfield market. ACTION AGAINST • NEWSPAPER PROPRIETOR.— On Wednesday last, at the Edinburgh Jury Court, second dislike., Mr. William Scouller, a pawnbroker in Glasgow, sued Mr. Robert Gunn, of the same city, the proprietor of the North Britia Mail, for an alleged libel, in the report of a proceeding at the Glasgow police-office. It was stated that the plaintiff and has partners were placed at the bar charged with refusing to give up certain stolen property; and then was added this statement: "Gee of the prisoners was exceedingly contumacious, and seemed perfectly de termined to resist the ends of iIISSIO. as far as Ivy in his power. They were, however, obliged to disgorge their ill ratztne4tV as edges." The jury award e d 50f. damages. The laid by the plaintiffs had been 8001. THE FATAL VOYAGE OF THE LADY MONTAGU. In justice to Captain Leat'aw, we publish the fol lowing communication from hint, in vindication of hie eon ' duct while in command of the Lady Montagu, together with letters from the carpenter and surgeon of the ship in corroboration of his statements : " Sir,—As you have been pleased, in the history you gave of the ' Fatal Voyage of the Linty Montagu' in your paper of the 28th of July, 1862, to insert what is stated to be the evidence of two boys--vie., Manebridge and Milliard, by which my character—tor 30 years, I fearlesaly amen, has been one of integrity and uprightness—is grossly calum niated, and which is calculated greatly to injure me in the estimation uf a numerous class of respectable and influen• tial friends—if true to render me an object of detestation by my fellow-countrymen, I have to request that cu will do me the justice to insert this letter of titicati,n, which not only contains my own observations, t the impartial testimony of the surgeon, the boatman., and the carpenter, all of whom have been paid off, and therefore have no interest in stating any untruths to serve MO. " I commence at that part of your statement which con cerns myself. It is stated that' after Smith was superseded he attempted to take on shore a large box of money, but was prevented by the new captain (Leshaw),' by which naked story it appears, or it must be naturally inferred, that I have dishonestly kept that box of money, and appro priated it to my own use. The box was gone from the ship, but u soon as I was told of it I demanded the box, and res. cued it from lows, and had it conveyed to the proper owners, Mews. Morrow, Stephenson. and Co., Hong Kong, and after counting its contents in their presence, faithfully handed it over to them, the receipt for which I hold in my possession. " With rtepect to me being a ' bad man' and ' a drunkard,' and did not replenish the ship at Cape and St. Helena with sufficient stores, 1 will not condescend to reply except that I took in an abundant supply fur on ordinary voyage ; but such was the continuance of the wind, in an adverse quarter, that too many others were in die same perplexity. The letters, however, which I ern sure, it ne awry, will be verified on oath, will speak fur themselves. " I will only add, that as regards the boys, that 1 be haved with the utmeet kindness to them both. Milliard was very ill wl.en I took charge of the vessel, and fur Mans bridge I immediately had mt dice! advice tram the shore, and the doctor attended the ship while she lay in port. They also had what nourishment and kind treatment which the most fastidious could have demanded. As fur Mans. bridge, he had a new suit of cloth clothes which I had made for him at Hong Kong, which I know he had only worn a few times, and which must have been nearly as good as new when he arrived in London. If, therefore, he was miserable' as stated, he must have made away with them before he got home. Ile was in good health and strong when he left the ship. I also supplied them with mousy when they required it. Milliard also had what money and clothes he required, so much so, that I fell under the di,- pleapure of my employer for advancing them so much money. When such ingratitude is four.d, little can be said ier favour of their ' unexaggerated' statement, or tor the in tegrit y of their testimony. " Hoping, sir, that you will do what you can to undo the injury you have voluntarily inflicted, and which is done without having had any previous conference with me on the subject, by giving equal publicity to this, as to the un founded aspersions of my character. " I am, Sir, your obedient servant, " HENRY LESH•W." The following are the letters referred to: "Cork, Aug. 1, 1852. "Captain Leshaw.—Sir,—l was never more astonished in my life than when I heard you represented as a bail man and a drunkard. I believe I was I:5 or 16 months with you, and I am 12 years at sea, and so good a captain I never sailed with before, nor a kinder man to his ship's com pany, nor one that could get more work done by sailors. As to your being a drunkard is well known to be a— lie. But you have your enemies, air, to contend with, and the liar is worse than the thief. As for being short of provi sions, every man shared alike. I heard you tell the second mato to share all alike many times ; and it was my wish, and the boatswain's, and the chief part of the crew, that we should have lets, in case the wind should stand; but if we made anything of a passage there war a plenty in the ship. Anything more, sir, as far as the truth gem your carpenter will speak honestly. On next Sunday I will be in London, and will call on you, sir, and prove what I say. " Sir, I remain, your humble servant, JOHN MURRAY, Late carpenter of the ship Lady Montagu." " Wakefield, August 5, 1652. " Sir,—l am in receipt of your favour, and in answer beg to state that 1 consider you not to be a man of bad charac ter or a drunkard, as stated by Milliard and the other. With regard to the shortness of provisions, there is no doubt that we had a proper supply for any ordinary voyage, but owing to the adverse weather, it was totally impossible to have had sufficient without running the risk of waste, in ease of a short or average voyage. With regard to your seamanship, I think this has never been called in question, therefore need nut further be adverted to. "Yours very truly, "Josses BEsittarr ' Jun., Surgeon. "Captain Leshaw, late miter of ship Lady Montagu." "Devouport, August 8, 18.52. "Captain Leshaw.—Sir,—l received a letter from you last evening when I arrived from Portsmouth. It was too late for the post. In the regard of your character, I can swear that 1 have never seen you drank from the 3rd of March, 1851, to the Bth of May, 1852, being the time that I was with you, in the Lady Montagu ; and 1 knew you to neglect your duty in any . respect, unless from sick ness. Sir as regards the provisions, there was plenty for three mon ths ' and over, had Mr. Milliard taken proper care of them ; in the room of his looking after them, he allowed the men in the forecastle to go and take them. Even when • cask of meat was open, the men took as much as ten pieces in the forecastle—this I know. I can swear that I never sailed with • captain that was more interested in his ship than Captain Henry Leshaw. If you wish anything fur ther, sir, as far as truth goes lam ready to give it. As for the reg ard of your being • bad man, I contradict it before God. I must say this, that you were too kind to every one on board. As regard; myself, I would sail with you round the world. " Sir, I remain your obedient servant, "1110/dAS BL110188." AN UNRULY 8111P5 CREW. On Saturday morning the Emerald screw steam vessel, belonging to a Dublin company, but bound for London, with a chartered cargo of palm oil, ivory, and gold dut, from the coast of Africa, pat into Plymouth, landed her passengers and supercargo, and took in a supply of coals. The Emerald is a long and narrow vessel, of ap parently considerable capabilities of speed, and was f those qualities chi:tared—at least so we were told—but in consequence of adverse circumstances connected with the crew and the weather, her voyage has been a long one. According to the statements of several of the men on board, it would seem that the vessel bad been without pro• per discipline from the time she left England for the coast of Africa, the late captain (San field) having given way to the seductive influences of the bottle to an extent, and which would appear to have hastened his Tse i l. That sad event took piece about a week before the arrival of the ship in Plymouth. On the decease of Captain Sarefield, Mr. Walpole, the chief mate, took the command; so far as any one had the management of the ship he had it before that time. In consequence of the want of discipline and good order on board, or from some other causer, nearly the whole of her crew (seamen) left the Emerald while in Africa; so much so, as to render it necessary on her homeward voyage to take firemen out of the stoke hole to go aloft to reef topsails and to perform other work belonging to seamen. While at Plymouth some of the men contrived to get on shore and procure drink; and when, on Saturday after noon, the writer of this notice went on beard, one of the few sailors lelt—a fine muscular fellow—was madly drunk, and some four or five of has comrades were for many minutes vainly endeavouring to force him into the forecards. This they at last, with the help of three policemen, accom plished, and after the poor maddened wretch had been for some time battened down, with his limbs tied, he fell 'Weep, and then his bonds were quietly removed, and the hatchway opened. To add to the disorder of the ship, there were several monkeys squealing and running about its deck and amongst its riggings. Mr. Walpole appeared to be a very respectable, intelligent, and amiable young mall, but the circumstances in which he and the vessel have been placed during the voyage are quite sufficient to account for any appsrcnt want of control over his strange mcdl y of a crew. Messrs. Luseombe and Driscoll, the agents of the ship in Plymouth, sent a master mariner of Plymouth (Mr. Harper), who is well acquainted with the Channel navigation, to which Mr. Walpole was a comparative stranger, and a pilot, sad on Saturday afternoon the Emerald left Millboy Pic, for London. We have given this rtatement of circumstances connected with the voyage of this ship from what we heard on board ; as to the dis order which was evident while she was at Millboy Pier, we winterised that for ourselves. The Emeraldil e ft the coast of Africa before the Niger, which arrived at Queenstown on Wednesday, and therefore brings no news. ---- " Set Ur."—A novelty, in the shape of a ma chine fur setting up ten pins, has been introduced in some of the alleys of this city. The boy stands at the same end of the alley as the person who is rolling ; when the pins have been all knocked down, instead of setting them up by hand, one after another, he merely draws a cord, which passes over tines (the same as steering rods on board a steam boat) fastened against the ceiling; the motion raises a lever, at tached to the foot of which are ten sockets, into these the necks of the pins are drawn by separate cords, where, being held for a moment, they are again gently lowered (ready set for a full frame) upon the plates beneath. When one or two pins only are struck, they swing with the attached cord, without touching the other pins that are standing; when the whole arc down the cord is pulled, and the pins are re-set for another strike. At the end of the alley there is a moveable platform, which, upon being raised behind, returns the balls down the inclined gutter, ready for being used again. The invention is certainly ingenious as a labour saving machine.—Nem York Nun. EAST AND WENT GLOtCESTV.R.— We understand that a meeting of the leading members of the liberal party will be held at Gloucester, on Saturday next, in order to take steps for forming a registration association for the eastern division of the county, with a view to bring for went either one or two liberal candidates for that division at any future election. In tbo western division there is a talk of bringing forwatd a son of Admiral Berkeley to till the wood seat, the results of the late contest having satis factorily proved that the liberal party is strong enough to can, both the members.-041toshone Examiner. THE ACCIDENT ON THE LONDON AND NORTH WESTERN LINE, NEAR COVENTRY. The adjourned inquest on the b o dy o f W illis* Floyd, killed on this line of railway ne a r C oventry lest Tuesday,et n that oo city, k plec y„eywrdtesea twra ou bet r y tyat the Kong 's Head, P ar k . gre W. u. mour, Esq., coroner for the district. Mr. McConnell, Captain Bruyeres, Mr. Barre, solicitor, of Birmingham, and other gentlemen, appeared es u m ,' part of the Loadon and North Wiet e rn C ompany. i t Alderman Whitton, of Coventry, again attended 00 th e part of the public. Alter he jury had Ina n sworn, Mr. Troughten, the Tulsa Clerk of Coventry, inquired of the coroner what mount he intended to pursue. Coroner—lt's clear the train was upset by reason of th e ash-pan separating itself from the engine, and beaming entangled with the wheels : the carriages were iousequinny thrown across the rails of the down hue. Now I should like to know the cause why toe ash-pan separa t ed Irate the engine. William Jenkinson, the driver of the engine we, re. called. He bald," The engine le gan to shake alter 1 lilt the Hampton station." Mr. Whitten—So ler as the evidence went the last time we met the engine was imperfect. Have the company bey one here to prove the contrary ? Mr. Barre—We have in attendance, on the part of the company, three practical engineers, who have examined the engine since the accident. Juror—l should like first to hear the evidence of .Me Mosedale, who was deputed by the jury to examine u.. state of the engine. Mr. Joseph Mosedale, engineer, was then examined. lie said—l went to Rugby last Friday, and examined the .n. gine. The puns of the upper end of the stays of the fire. guard were decayed, as 1 said before ; one of them was broken through pr, emus to the accident, by its Lice covered with sulphur, in the Nam manner us the rut part of the fire-box, whereas the other stays, that bad been recently broken, were not covered with sulphur. By a Juror—There emend he undue presser, on the other stays by reason of some being broken, eapecially d the engine oscillated. Witnesa's examination continued.-1 caused the uppir ends of the stays of the fire-guard to be brought here. Au engineer could not have seen thus looking at it casual; ; h e must have gone underneath. There were other part. art the stays injured; one of them was broken through, and two on the other side were faulty. [Witness handed in the stay that lea. broken through, and covered with sulphur; also another,which he described as " faulty."] The beet was the front stay on the left hand aide ; another de.ective tee was the front stay on the right hand side. Of the four stays there was one sound, two faulty stays, and one brisea through at the time the engine started train Birmingham. One of the stays is clacked now. The other has seemly any iron in it ; it is much too weak. Mr. Whittem—What is your general opinion as to the state of the engine ? Witnem—l didn't see anything else the matt er w i t h i t. Juror—l think that Mr. any thing evidence i s eo , w i e .,i ee as to the cause of the accident; there was no: proper caution. Witneu—l think the ash-pan fell in the aide by tenon of the stays being defective. Juror—The inspectors ought to inspect tLease puts du engine every morning ? Witness—They could not do so without a candle ; if there war a tire in they could not get near three parts; there isoo doubt the faults were visible if a candle had been taken to examine them. It was on the tight-hand side that the fire-guard was let down, on that tide the stays were defective. (here are marks on the fire guard which seem to me to have resulted from the pressure of a wheel. By the fire-guard I mean the ash-pan; the mark to which I allude was immediately in the front? By Mr. Barn—l am unable to may whether the wheel would produce the indentation in front. Mr. Troughton (the town clerk.)—The question is in nutshell, was the engine in a proper state. Mr. Thomas Fairbairn, engineer and locomotive builder, of Manchester, was then called on the pert of the com pany. Ile read a report as the result of his examination, of which the following are the most important passages:— " I have made an independent and very careful marry not only of the nice of the accident, but of the wreck of the train and the damaged engine, No. IA now lying at the Rugby station. It being perfectly obvious and certain that the sole cause of the accident was the detachment by tome means or other of the ash-pan from the engine. My attention has been principally directed to the construction, quality, and mode of fastening of this piece. The ash-pan has been constructed of wrought-iron plates about 3.16 th of an inch thick, and riveted to a sub stantial angle iron frame, the point or " nose " of it being further strengthened by the attachment of a by of three quarter iron along its lower edge and turned up a few inches on either sine. I consider the materials of which it is composed of adequate strength and of Mir average qua. lily. The attachments to the fire box, which require the greatest consideration, were of the form usually adopted; namely, four straps of wrought iron, fastened with bolts at one end to the fire-box, and at the other to the pan. • • The dimensions and proportions of the fastenings enable me positively to assert that ins sound state they were abun dantly sufficient for the duty they had to perform. • • It would require 67 tons as the load n misery in this instance to sever by its own dead weight the ash-pan from the engine. The ash-pan as now seen in its distorted form weighs 1 cwt. 3 qrs. 2:2 lbs. ; and it wilpe be within bounds to assume that, with the additional weight of the detached fragments slime found, and the falling ashes which it had to hold, the suspended load would rarely, under ordinary circumstances, exceed four to five hundred weight. No oscillation or movement of the pan due to the speed of the train, or the inequality of the road, could have produced rupture ; and that the original fastenings were neither weak nor inappropriate. • • • As to thestate of the stays, " the torn and ragged fractures of both right hand supports are conclusive as to their recent separation; and the broken bolt of the left hand backstay had no ap pearance, at the time I ant examined it, of haring la,o long exposed to the influence of oaydation. The remince ing support (the left hand front one), judging tram the fracture, appears to have been partially cracked ; there are two distinct and different appearances in the fibre, but still the larger portion of it was holding and sound. These ate pearances are at once suggestive of the necessary use of some great force to tear away the ash-pan ; and, had there been no other guide to an opinion than a close examination of the fibre of the broken supports left on the engine the conclusion I should have arrived at would have been in no way doubtful ; but an inepectioa of the pan itself and the recovery of the support render the evidence conclusive that the materials were not decayed, and that at least three out of the supports must have been perfectly secure. The right-hand front stay war found with a long strip of plate attached to it. The nett-hand back stay aloe must have been subjected to very severe strain be fore it yielded, for the one-sided nut which was strewed on to the bolt in the inside of the pan has been literally dragged through the solid plate, making a jagged aperture, which clearly masks the shape of the nut that has occasioned it. The left-hand back stay was also firm ; and the left-hand front stay, whether cracked or not, thomvered attached to the pan, wltizli it would have been hod it been previously broken. lam not of opinion that the crack in the Ilium stay seriously injured its efficiency, although it would on. doubtedly have influenced its ultimate power of Treats ance ; and it may be well, therefore. to re mark that, with a rigid structure like the ash• pan, any one of the four supports might be entirely dispensed with, and the remaining three would keep it securely in place. lam of opinion that the supports were efficient at the time of the accident, that the pan did not fall from the insufficiency or decay of its fastenings. and that so far from this being the case, some great force must have been requisite to produce the effects I have noticed. Being of opinion that the engine had met some serious ob. struction to its progress, I examined those parts of the pan which would neeesaarily first come in contact, to ascertain whether there was any indentation ; there is near to stn centre a smooth curved indentation of such depth that no small force can have produced it; the mark dues not in the least resemble a hammer blow such as might have been given in the progress of construction. Any obstruction in the road coming in contact with the ash pan at this point would account to me for all the e tfects which I have attempted to describe ; and I could eerhetly reconcile such an occurrence with the statement of the driver, that he felt no sudden or severe shock. • • • The present mangled and distorted state of the ',Meals must nut, I think, be attributed to the direct a fleet of the blow, but as the consequence of the subsequent entangle ment of the wheels and axle of the van which was not thrown off the line. In conclusion, 1 must repent my opinion, that the mode and substance of the original f.iten ings were proper and sufficient; that there is nothing in the appearance of the parts that would hear out a supposition of rottenness or decay, and that a violent collision bagmen I the front of the ash-pan and some obstruction on the reel way at the time of the accident can alone have produced the utter destruction of the fastenn go which have been described, and the melancholy event which we hart to deplore. Mr. Fairbairn underwent a long cross-examination, with the view to teat his evidence as to the cause of the shock. by Mr. Tonighton (who attended on the part of the relk tives of the deceased). Ile admitted that much of the opi nion he had formed was on supposititious grounds. 11 , thought that there must have been some obstruction on the road to have caused the accident. It must have been some weighty substance. Ile could account for no remnants of this having been found. It might have been an upright rail. Did nut think it could have been a Moue ; but ere surprised that such an obstruction as it must have less should not have been seen by the engine-driver. Wittl , " admitted that it was wrong for the engine to have been sent out with one etay defective. Mr. Troughton—% a have it in evidence now that all the stays were defective. Witness—ln that I do not concur. Mi:4Boufiliton... 2 l'erilapGlt;i;litit it is et fart. Mr. William l'rince Marshall, C.E., of Birmingham. s next sworn—lle read a report very nearly similar in rlcr , to that of the last witness. In conclusion it said—" dT opinion is that the accident was caused by the mh•pan hcloi struck by some obstacle between the rails whilst temsoung in its proper position, the obstacle being six inches or more high above the rails." By Mr. Troughton—lt must have been something fastened to the rails, ur a very large substance. It was nut lite the blow of a stone. Captain Latin, of the Royal Engineers, sworn-1 bast examined the engine and the scene of the accident. an.l am of opinion that the ash-pan fell in consequence of the tuner of the supports, as l believe. With reh r, flee to Fair bairn and Mr. Marshall have said, I must state that no appearance of any obstacle having been in the way ; I contrary,l have every reason to believe there was not 3°Y-