The Express. — London, England, 1853-01-07 00:00:00

Ti",•h•te tErantoo. To CORILUSPONDWITS. lite-t-e tahlaa et " 'De LIMON,' iptalalateg *he gime ev.r..rdek " : - ... - et•A"M publirbed testy Twig aril ft , ' Si neat, to thug kt pvg. A ict.o.:.asztv.aticlig, "Dm txriew,"Los o .nn I:s••rzsg -a;!?, bt Ow 014, la. Ilsavide4rest„ Two tielocos on the 047 Of rat:iggimiu AIGU WATEU AT LONDON BRIDnIR. Tni DAl—Morsiaff.lll it. tat. nm. T..sommi—alogslar. f4,23a..—....Aturraous. Ow . A.. L9XDON. FRIDAY. JANUARY S. TIM Marlborough Election is not perhaps the most important If those now in progress, but it certainly has been the moot amusing. The borough of Marl borough,—it may be as well to remind our readers, — Lao 271 registered electors, who return (it would bo too farcical to say " who are repreventel by ") two members in the House of Commons. Of Marl borough, it is said by the decorous and cautious 800, "Tnellaiquis of AlLLsuciti has some influence here." 'llte second son of the Marquis, Lord ERNEST Bixec., is one of the two members elected by . the 271 voters of Aylesbury ; and Lord EttaLsv having just &wilted the important political office of Viec-Cimui bctiaiu to her NlAJfrialA'lS Household, has been under thenccespity of appearing before the constituency in which his father has some influence" for re-election. The leading electors of Marlborough aro stanch pro tectionists and Derbyiurs : to be culled upon, there fore, to re-elect one who not only supports, but has actaa'ly accept:l of of :c under the terrible Coalition Ministry, was fur them rather a bitter pill. Lord EaNzsv. however, isitcd his constituents on Satur day and Monday last, and being unable to help theurchret, they agreed to return him again. But human Eaton will break out. It was with wry Laois and cagey grumbling that they performed their task. Jotit G ULMER, Esq.— the bell-wether of the !bete—on rising to put Lord Er.sns . r in nomination, took care to protest that ho did it "on personal grounds 0r.1y." What those personal grounds vele he indicated a little more clearly in a subsequent part of his speech, when he observed that "he accorded to Lord BRUCE his cordial and calualified support, for ho repre sca:ed Oft pt es'y of the country." Tins "cordial" gentleman, however, could not help compLsining alocd that though he had hoped both their members would give Lord DERBY'S government a general support, yet, "instead of that , they had joined a " caloal oltich he could only characterise as a most " unholy alliance." The frankness of Mr. GARDINI.R is unprecedented in the annals of English electioneer ing. Lord BRUCE, he vows, has deceived him, has gone a-caballing. has joined a " most unholy alliance." In fact, Lord lin . .ce is a Liberal, and yet Mr. GAR DIN mt not only votes for Lord BRI:CE, but nominates hint on the hustings, beelosso Lord BRUCE " tvpre- sews Go properly of the country." Mr. Ivrsox , the elector who seconded the nomination, was a little more guarded, but ho, too, allowed his discon tent to peep out. Lord Bnrce, ho admitted, differed from hitt in politics, but " ho gave to him that free " dam of opinion that he chow to exert for birr...clf." This ultra-tolerance of Mr. lye:4os leads hint not only to allow Lord Ilituot: to dissent from Mr. ITE SOWS political principles, but to aid in placing Lord BRUCE in a position to put down those principles. Lord BRUCE was not slow to punish his grumbling servitors for the rude and uncivil hint about the "cabal" and the "unholy alliance." He talked for a short time, scholarly and wisely, about the triumph of Sir ROBERT FEEL'S principles, and the blernlshes of Mr. Dasnaent's Budget. Soon he turn.l to the :subject of the alleged cabal, and the far greater part of his speech was directed to a proof that no cabal had existed, or that, at all events, he had not becu a party to one. This question being dis posed of, the time came to retaliate for the unhand some imputation. Alter observing that the exten sion of national e.lucation would be one of the tirst subj-cts that engeged the attention of the new Mi nistry, Lord ERNEst, with the most innocent air and dulcet tones in the world, went on to add that "he ' "conceived that in the same proportion as education advanced the franchise might be extended." This unmistakeable allusion to the measure of Parliamentary Reform promised by ?di- Listen filled up to ea erdowing tho cup of gall, which Lord ERNEST has tendered to the GAlL'ilNr.itS and IVEIONS, and other electors of Marlborough, among whom " Lord AILESIILRT has swim iefinenca," and which they, not without much sputtering and wry faces, have been obliged to drain to the dregs. These votaries of " property," in contradistinction to and defiance of principle, are too well aware of what is going on in the political world not to know that any measure of reform introduced by the LINS DOWNE-ABERDEEN Ministry must embrace much more than a mere extension of the suffrage. They know that all classes are shocked with the systematic venality and corruption which pervades our electoral system, and willing to apply a remedy to it. But they know also that the Cotisersative prepossessions of these gentlemen predispose them to seek the remedy, if possible, iu some other application than an extension of the suffroge. They therefore feel convinced that in a Cabinet of which " Conservative Liberals" form so large apart, the partial or entire disfranchisement of these small corrupt constituencies which are best suited to the purposes of a centralised agency for electoral corruption, is sure not to be omitted. This Lord ERN F.ST meant to remind them of, though he did not mention it in as many words, and they un derstood him perfectly. He smilingly hinted, h this is probably the last time but one " that I wall avail myself of your reluctant " services, and the last time but one that I "a ill put up with your undisguised impertinence." And they took the hint in smiling silence. It must have been as good as a comedy to see and hear Lord ER N EST and his supporters vowing sternal friendship in one breath, and in the next edging in black impu tations, or covertly threatening political annihilation. He judged rightly when he assumed that the fear of a coming Reform Bill was the true source of this dis affection and ill-concealed rudeness. The GARDl iff.r.s and IvusoNs have a natural predilection for protection, and intolerance, and everything that is foolish or bad in our institutions; but what they cherish in their heart of hearts is that abuse of the electoral system which makes them some• bodies. A new Reform Bill they know will reduce them to utter insignificance. A new Reform Bill they know Is peouosed by the Ministry to which Lind BRUCE has attached himself: and therefore, while obeying with menial subserviency the orders of Lord BRUCE'S father tore-elect him, they in dulged in the true spirit of menial impertinence in cutting remarks on him. He felt this, and reta liated by reminding them that he could pay court to those who should inherit the political powers of winch they are about to be dispossessed. And all tees pleasant interlocutions were carried on in lan 'atop as caressing and polite as is used by the gnduates of the Srhool for Semi fin? while stinging each other. These civil ex pressions of keen animosity, blended on the one head with reluctant servility, on the other with con temptuous determination to suck the orange quite out before it is thrown away, are ominous. They foreshodow the impending break up of the system. They are like the squabbling of a pirate crew on the deck of their doomed vessel. They inspire a sanguine hope that a clean sweep will soon be made of the petty proprietary and nomination boroughs which were left untouched by Earl Gnss's Reform Bill, the members being given to larger and more enlightened am: independent town constituencies. THE PimaCeift at last announces the recognition of the new French Empire by the Northern Powers. They were in no hurry to take the step—it is clear they did not relish the neeessety—but they had clearly no help for it. For them or any one of them, to have re fused, would inevitably have thrown the new Poten : tate, with all his absolutism and his great army, into the arms of Liberalism abroad without a Coustitu tional system at home ; and the ill effects of such a step would have been felt by the recusant Monarchs in the remotest corners of their dominions. They might and did delay, they weight qualify, they might restrict their recognition, but they dared not refuse. The recognition may have been made ungracicasly, uncivilly, in a manner lelcalated to wound - where they dared not strike; but the Powers cou'd net—dared not—refuse. The man whom they encouraged in his attacks on liberty, in his assaults on tae republic, in his destruction a the constitution of 18-19, is their master, also, at least to this extent—that what they have assisted in making him they must rotognise as a fact. There is eonso lotion and retribution in this. Why, then, all this sulkiness, this precrastinatton, this interchange of communications, this unity of action, before recognising Louis NAPOLI-ON I" Did they wish again to question the right of France, Cl en when accepting the fact, to change her institu tions as often, as violently, and as inconsistently as she pleases ? Dld they propose to recognise illegiti macy in one sentence, and reiterate their old pled !tided about divine right is another? 'Were the chiefs of northern absolutism slow in concocting a document which should recognise the present, with reservations as to the future? Or had they condi tions to require as the price of the preter.dea favour they were about to show the new self-made Emperor ? IVitatever the cause, there they have been con sulting and plottieg at Berlin, Vienna, and St. Petersbui gh,—these three great military powers, who have armies of hundreds of thousands to keep pence in their own dominions ; with parks of art iilery planted against their own cities and towns; with larger ar moments against their own subjects than those with which the Emperor Nei-usenet I. humbled their pride and parcelled out their territories. And con sulting and plotting against what and whorl ? Apparently against France ; to restrain its ambition ; to keep it within its own frontiers; to perpetuate the territorial arrangements , they deem best. Moro in appearance than reality. All this complicity, this coming to a common nedeistantline, this forming a united policy, I I extends further than France ; it is a revival of the IHoly Alliance without the benevolent dispositions of the Emperor ALEXINDER, or the chastened expe rience of the Kaiser FR %NZ—it is a binding together of the military chiefs to apply to the rest of Europe what Lord Der.ev dared to talk of doing here—re sistance to the progress of democracy. What else would have reunited Austria and Prussia, and sub dued their hereditary rivalry . for supremacy in Cicr :nary ? What else could induce the Autocrat to bless the bands that join them? But though contracts for mutual self-defence against French Aggression may be desirable, yet any superadded schemes against liberty and progress will not succeed. For a while despotism may be able to resist the spread of knowledge, to keep down the aspirations of intelligence, to force back the determination of smarmed millions. But not long. The drum, the bayonet, the sabre, and the cannon cannot permanently be uppermost. Though absolute power now sways the destinies of France, as well as Austria and Russia, even that cannot prevent the progress of education, of civilisation, of enterprise, skill, and capital. These lead, sometimes, over a difficult path, but always must in the end lead to freedom. Neither European despots nor a new Emperor can roll France back to the dark ages. Let us cherish that impossibility. Its youth must be instructed, its industry be employed, its skill and its taste be cultivated, its mind have occupation, and in dustry, learning, elegance, and refinement keep alive the sacred flame of liberty in the worst of times. Bad as is the origin of his power, Navel-Los 111. cannot reduce Fiance or Frenchmen to the plight of Russian serfs, or, worse still, Austrian slaves. Frenchmen have at least the traditions of past glories—a consciousness of present power—a belief in future greatness, to preserve them from that de gradation. Time and tide run through the roughest day, in France as well as elsewhere ; and the great nation that at last outburst the trammels of the old Holy Alliance, cannot long be a fit instrument for any new conspiracy against human happiness and freedom. Look, too, at the faithful band, small though it be, of the eminent Frenchmen whom no imperial luxury or flattery can seduce, no wealth can buy, no threats affright. They will continue to live isolated and apart ; uncontaminated with the riches or impurities of the new dynasty ; devoted in heart and soul to their country's happier and better destinies; a race set apart and living in readiness to show it the way and to restore it to rational govern ment ; teaching it obedience even to bad laws and a bad government. The existence of these men, scattered all over France, pursuing the even tenour of their enlightened lives ; studying with all the ardour and freshness of youth, happy iu their own spheres silent, it is true, but stronger in their condemnation , and reprobation because they are silent. The in fluence of these men, models of good citizens, of honest statesmen, and of upright magistrates, is still lilt in France ; and, whilst that influence sues ives, the memory of freedom will endure, despite the fickleness of the populace and the timidity of MA mercialists. Nor will misfortunes common to all and grievous to bear be thrown away on them ; they will—they must—teach even M. Guizor tolerance of opponents • they have already taught GeneraICA VAIGNAC t he value of conciliation. Though mouchards, locust-like, cover the face of France—penetrate into every family—and lurk, impudent, cat-like, and offensive,in every cafe, to silence the liveliest politicians of the world, forty millions of people cannot be governed by mouchards —needy, seedy, venal, gullible, unscrupulous, and untrustworthy. Society won't endure, for it can't exist with, the infliction; and if politics be banished France, society is powerful still. Of such a detest able system of espionage, having its ramifications even here in London, every man and woman can and will feel the degradation, the inconvenience, and the disgrace. And these will soon begin to pro duce their natural effects—dissatisfaction, discontent, nominees, and disaffection. In such instruments of tyranny there is no novelty, and there never has been any permanent success; they tease, they tor ment, they persecute, and they annoy. But at last they are - brushed away ; and something better fol lows. In the ultimate stability of the present form of meat in France no man can have any great con rdvence ; least dal the Northern Powers. Like the red men of America, despotism has a right of occupancy only, and is liable at any time to be expelled by the rightful owners of the soil. Courts may differ about who the owners are ; but Liberals can have no doubt —the French people. And what Northern Ahso lutism has been plotting is to prepare in tho first place to hold their own against any attempt to ex tend the boundaries of France, but chiefly to pave the way, in the future changes that are inevitable, for the restoration in France of their owa system of heieditary sway. EXTRAORDINARY ACClDENT.—Yentorday, about 4 o'clock in the afternoon, an ac ident occurred in the neigh bourhood of Ilaissell•square, which, although happily unat tended with any loss of life, was followed by serious con sequences. A jobbing carriage and pair, belonging t Mr. Yeoman, livery stable keeper, of Guildfordstreet, were incautiously left standing in Marchruent-street. The horses, being spirited animals, took fright, it is supposed, at a !taker's cart passing them rapidly. They immediately started off, and tore along at a furious psce, until they reached Everett-street, down which they gallopped, elarm lag the pencil by, and narrowly escaping collision with a van laden with furniture. Continuing their count into Bernard-street, they dashed across the road end came iiulently against the railings of No. 11, which immediately faces the bottom of Everctt-street, tearing away a great portion of the iron-work and the coping stones. They hung within the area, sus2ended by the traces from the carriage, when they c:mmenced plunging and kicking in the most violent manner, rendering it impossible for any one to attempt their citric thou. At length, Capt. Troup, who resides at No. 11, with great presence of mind and no little courage, severed the traces, precipitating the horses into his area. The fall considerably injured them, and it is feared one must be killed. As it was impassible to remove them in any oth r way, a scaffolding and croselsole were immediately erected over the railings, and several men em ploycd to raise them by means of a rope and bands passed rouni the bodies of the prostrate animals. Upon the first being raised to the level of the pavement it was injudiciously attempted to carry it over thst part of the railings which remained standing, instead of choosing the part which was broken down, and which would therelete have presented no obstacles to their exertions. The consequence was that, kicking furiously, the 'awl foot of the ;unfortunate beast caught is the railings. It continued plunging violently, and broke a further portion of the railing away. At the same moment the cross pole over which tho rope was thrown, and from which the horse was suspended, gave way, thus creating considerable confusion, the poor brute fallieg again violently into the area upon the body of the other. The seaffol4ing having been raised, the workmen succeeded in drawing up the horses, bleeding profusely from several trightflil wounds. The scene altogether was one of considerable excitement, a c:awil of 800 or 900 persons having coil:eta together. Ono unfortunate man, while heisting in locoing the horses teem their perilous situation, met with a serious accident, and was removed to the Free Hospital, in the Gray's-ice-road, in a State of in sensibility. THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 7, 1853. FRANCE. BELGIUM, Tho new Belgian Press Law came into operation on the Ist inst. The Inth , pendanee states that on that day the booksellers of Brussels removed from their windows all such books and pictures as might sub ject them to penalties wader the new system of restriction. PARIS, THVESDAT EVENING. The reception of the Russian Minister is announced in the Moniteur in the following terms: The Emperor received yt•sterday at the Tuileries, from M. du Ki,seleff, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Pleni potentiary of his Majesty the Eniperdr of all the 'Lustig., the letter. which confirm him in his position at the Court of the Emperor of the French. M. de Kisseleff was con veyed to the audience of the Emperor in a mulatto of the Court, end w.n, presented to his Majesty by the mater of the ceremonies, introducer of ambassador:. It is a curious fact, as showing how completely the public has been mystified on the subject of the recognition of the Empire by the northern powers, that at the very moment when M. Kisseleff was at the Tuileries yesterday. it was universally believed at the Bourse that the Russian credentials would not arrive for some days, and the money article of last night's Presse states that the funds rose for a few moments on account of the Austrian and Prussian ministers h:a - ing received their letters of credence, the fact being that they bad not come. It is much remarleal to-day that the resole ion of the King of Prussia to recognise the Emperor has been, accord ing to the announcement of the government journals themselves, arrived at under circumstances in dicative of anything but cordiality. In an article quoted by the Pafrie free the Ga atate do Silesie it is stated that the recognition was a matter of necessity, that the non-recognition would have been a caws betti, that Prussia is not prepared for war, and that the country may thank M. de Man teulfel for having procured the recognition. There is something really alarming in the assumption that nothing but the very uncertain tenure of M. Mau teutfers cabinet stood in the way of a cam LA*. Meanwhile it is evident that the snot trordre has been given to tho government prints here to preach peace, and they do it with such pertinacity, that the Assena'e exclaims in a pet, " better the trum pet of war with all its horrors than this eternal dinning of peace in our cars." M. Capefigue, in the .Touena/ do i'Etnpire, commences the first of a series of articles upon diplomacy. He has not yet penetrated far itto his subject, has argument ta-day being chiefly directed to show that Europe always has and necessarily must recognise all regular governments in France, whatever may be their form. But he premises in his next letter to give a practical bearing to his observations, in order to" extinguish many petty rumours, and per Laps also many foolish or culpable hopes." The Monsteur announces that the ministers of the United States, Wurtemberg, Bavaria, Tuscany, Hanover, Baden, and Saxony, have received their new letters of credence, and will be speedily ad mitted to present them to his Majesty. A report, that the King of Naples had agreed to pay 12 millions of francs, with 33 years' interest, in liquidation of the indemnity claimed by Prince Lu cien Murat, in respect of property belonging to King Joachim Murat at the time of his flight, and after wards taken by the Bourbons, has produced the fol lowing letter from the prince to the Presse : Paris, Jan. 4. In your number of this morning you give an extract from the Corriere Mercantile. TLat jiurnol entertains its readers with en account of claims which I, it declares, have made on the present government of Naples, and of the con ciliatory offers with which my demands were met. Seve ral times already the press as published on this subject ar ticles entirely false. I think it necessary to give them, once for all, a complete contradiction. The persons who are ac quainted with the character of the King of Naples could not have fallen into any emir in the matter, but it is not tho same with the public, which receives as exact tie news which is propagated as food for its curiosity.—L. MLUAT. For a letter intended to set the matter finally at rest this appears to me singularly ambiguous. Whether Prince Murat has ever made, or intends to make any claim at all upon Naples is left altogether uncertain. The allusion to the character of the King of Naples is open to several constructions. it may be that his well known liberality would not have allowed him to make so small an offer, or that his parsimony would have shrunk from so liberal a one. A possible meaning may be that he is not the man to admit a stale claim, and it is equally con sistent w ith the text that the tendencies of his cha racter would incline hint to tax his subjects hand somely to purchase the forbearance of a now power ful family. If the heir of King Joachim really means to say that he wants no money from Naples it will be absolutely necessary for him to express himself mare clearly, before tlic public can understand that the question is at end. The .Ifoniteur contains several decrees of no great interest. The Imperial Council of Public Instruction for 1833 is appointed. M. Dumas end M. Nisard, the president and secretary of the council last year, are respectively re-appointed to those offices. The annual session of the council will be opened on the 17, and will last a month. By another decree a medication is made in the constitution of the credit fowler bank created on the 28th of February 1852, to the effect that credit notes issued by the bank must be registered and rifled by a government commissary. This regulation is in conformity with the general rule laid down by a decree on public ad ministration, of October 18th last, that the commis sary appointed by government as an iuspector of every such company is to see that the laws and statutes aro duly observed, and to take care that the amount of paper issued do not exceed thevalue of the mortgaged property which it is intended to represent. A chamber of commerce, composed of nine members, is created at Dijon. The statutes of several insurance companies aro approved of, and a new insurance company is authorised at Valence, in the Drffine, for the purpose of insuring against the failure of cocoons in the silk worm districts. It would appear, from the following note in the Moniteur, that the socialist scheme of taking the whole insurance business of the country . into the hands of the state has been under the serious con sideration of the government: For some time past anxiety has been felt on the subjeetof insurances, and a report has been spread that the government intended to establish a general system of assurance by the State. is its just solitude for everything rolatin2 to the general interests of the country, the government thought fit to comprise this question among those which it directed to be studied. But after examination it recog nises the necessity of maintaining the present state of things. Those private interests therefore that were alarmed at the rumen' may be completely re-assured. rAins, WEDNESDAY EVENING. There exists in Paris a firm—MM. Loma and Co., whose professed business is to procure dramatic suc cess by . judiciously packing (a theatre with " cla gums," who steadily applaud a piece for a certain number of nights, after which public enthusiasm is accepted as a foie accompli. This firm recently mad* a treaty with MM. Weerner, the directors of the Ambigu, by which, in consideration of the sum of 8,0001. paid down, MM. Louat and Co. were to re ceive a certain number of tickets, at greatly reduced prices, for the next two years, it being understood that the persons admitted by these tickets would systematically applaud the performance. At the end of a month, however, M. Destroyer succeeded MM. Wferner in the direction of the theatre. The new management repudiated the contract with MM. Louat, who thereupon brought an action to enforce it. This action was dismissed by the Tri bunal of Commerce, upon the ground that a treaty, the real object of which was to produce fictitious applause in a theatre, must be ernsidered illegal and contrary to public order. MM. Louat then sued MM. Weerner, and M. Desnoyer, as their assignee, for restitution of the 8,000 f., and tho French law not going so far as the English, which will not allow money paid for an iilegal purpose to be recovered back they have succeeded in the latter suit. I At the sitting of the Academy of Medicine, yes terday, M. Orfila read a letter, announcing that he made a gift to the academy of 28,000 f., to found a prize of 2,000 f. every two years, to commence in 1855. This prize is to be awarded alternately . far a question of toxicology, and fur some other subject of legal medicine. If on any occasion the prize is not given, the sum is to ho" 4,000 f. the next time, and if once more held back, 6,000 f. the third time. If that sum should also remain on hand, it is to be paid over to the funds of the Association des Mgdi etas de In Seine, founded by M. Orfila. M. liC:mrd, the President of the Academy, proposed that the thanks of the body should be given to M. Orfila, and that his name 'should be inscribed on one of the marble tablets fixed up in the vestibule of the build ing, and bearing the names of persons who aro bene factors of the Academy. This twofold proposition was Toted unanimously. SWITZERLAND. The Lausanne Gazette states that the members of St. Bernard are about to revive their claims against the cantonal government, Napoleon 111. having given them positive assurances of support. On New Year's Day one of the peasants gathered on the mountains a bunch of Alpine roses, in the canton of Cris The cattle in St. Gall had been up to the same day driven daily to pasture, a thing before un known within the memory of man. A letter from Berne, of the 29th alt., says " all is green, the birds lay eggs,and the bees hum about just as in summer." GERMANY. The German Journal of Frankfort states that a democratic association was dissolved in that free city last week. On New Year's-day a disturbance took place, and the intervention of the military force was necessary to restore order. The King of Bavaria arrived at Verona on the 30th ult. ITALY. Letters from Turin state that the Itisorgimento has undergone a complete metamorphosis, changing its name and editor, and to some extent its principles. The Parinmento, as it will in future be called, is in tended to be the organ of all the sections of the par liamentary majority. It.will thus be a liberal paper on the broadest pcsnible basis. Its committee of direction is composed of MM. the Marquis Gustave de Cavour, brother of the Premier, Count I'alheri, Cadorna, Corriere, and Daziani. M. G. de Cavour was formerly editor of the Armonin, a vio lent clerical paper, which be left on account of its anti-constitutionalism. The immediate control of the journal will be in the hands of MM. Cordova, Fa rini, and Ferrara. Tho latter, who is Professor of Political Economy at the University of Turin, was a former editor of the Bisorginattito. On New Year's Day (says the Parlamento) the King received the deputation of the Chamber of De puties. His Majesty expressed his satisfaction for the numerous land important labours accomplished by the chamber. It is to its members "We owe thanks for having overcome all the difliculties raised in our way." In the evening the King gave a Court dinner, at which the Presidents of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, all the Ministers, the I'resident of the Council of State, and M. Mazzimo d'Azeglio, were present. After dinner their Majes ties, accompanied by their guests, repaired to the Royal Theatre, where they were received with marks of respectful sympathy, and the most expressive; applause. The Committee of the Italian Academy of Philo sophy met on the Ist inst., under the presidency of Count Terentins Mamiani, who pronounced his inaugural discourse in presence of an immense auditory. On tho next day M. Piranelli was to de liver a lecture on the life and writings of the Abbe Gioberti. We find the following remarkable letter in the Opinione : Milan, Dec. 27. Radetsky's disgrace is henceforth inevitable. Tie fol lowing is the cause:—Although he had received formal °Men from Vienna, ho had not the heart to sign the order for the execution of the unrespited prisoners remaining from the trials at Mantua. He sent the sentence to the Emperor, requesting a general commutation of punish ment, and urging that inasmuch as the proofs of criminality were not conclusive, and that as the sacred prreon of the monarch had not been attacked, it was a proper occasion for the exercise of clemency. To this the Emperor replied that if ho had not been personally attacked, the laws Lad been violated, and that he should not hesitate to sign their condemnation. R eletsky will shortly be called to 'Vienna with the title of Prince. Ha will be succeeded in the vice rayalty by one of the innumerable archdukes. The Official Journal of the Two Sicilies, in one of its last numbers, contains a notice from the govern ment to the effect, that in times of severe weather, or of contrary winds, vessels which cannot find room in the merchant port of Naples may take shelter in the new maritime port. Whenever this course is deemed necessary by the maritime authorities a flag with large yellow and blue squares shall be displayed from a mast raised on the maritime mole. ROME, DEC. 31. The topic of universal discussion and of universal interest here is the withdrawal from circulation of the government notes, which have hitherto caused so much discontent amongst all classes, and the sub stitution of silver dollars. The mode of effecting so desired an end is what has lately occupied the undi vided attention of the financial Council of State, and the plan which will most likely be adopted is to raise a couple of millions of dollars by a loan, where with to substitute the notes of small amount, whilst those of fifty and a hundred dollars will be compul sorily exchanged for Console at 5 per cont. interest. This of course creates some alarm amongst commer cial:men, whose money is worth far more to them than such a rate, but the public in general will be very glad to see the plan realised as soon as possible. Several difficulties, however, have as yet prevented the scheme from being carried into execution, amongst which we may reckon that of finding any one ready to advance the money on sufficiently advantageous terms to the govern meat. Rothschild seems tired of doing business with his Holiness without'some security upon the eccle siastical property, which is against the principles of the ecclesiastical government, and the home capital ists, such ea Torloma, Fcoli, and Antonelli, although very ready to furnish the required silver, insinuate a wish to have the administration of some branch of the public revenue in return, which is a kind of finan cial farming against the principles of good govern ment. Count Antonelli, the brother of the Cardinal Secretary of State, offered to produce the money if the custom-house dues were placed in his hands at a certain annual valuation, but the Consulta at once negatived the proposition. The amount of paper to be got rid of is something less than four millions and a half of scudi (nearly a million sterling), and it is an object of the government to restore a silver currency, as it has many foreign liabilities, such as the interest of Itothschild's loan payable in Paris, and the Aus trian stipend, which it is obliged to pay in slicer, at 3 or 6 per cent. premium, causing a loss to the treasury of seventy or eighty thousand scudi a year. It is needless to state that no silver ever finds its way willingly into the state coffers, as the taxes are almost entirely paid in paper, and what little silver is contributed by the people is changed for paper by the officials through whose bands it passes. Even the cardinals are now paid their piano, or annual salary, in paper, and it is only the Popo himself who lingers exclusively silver and gold. It h. not gene rally known that one article of the Fundamental Statute, or Constitution, granted by Pio Nono in his liberal days, has been preserved throughout the re actionary furies of the restoration. But surprise will cease when it is added that this favoured article is that which granted the Pope 600,000 scudi a year (nearly 120,0001.). Formerly the allowance of his Holiness wag only 210,000 scudi a year, but on the establishment of the constitutional rei : /inae, it was suggested that many expenses, such as the salaries of the cardinals, tho maintenance of the apostolic palaces, and other strictly ecclesiastical outlays, could not decently depend upon any one save the head of the state, and therefore a calcula tion of the annual amount of these expenses was made, and found to be about ZlO,OOO scudi a year, I including the Pope's own salary, so that it was decided to set down 600,000 scudi as his annual re- venue, clear of any other state expenses. These are now punctually paid, although the Pope has handed over some of the liabilities to the Minister of Finance, increasing the state burdens by thirty or forty thou sand scudi a year, and the item is put down in the estimates by virtue of that particular article iu the constitutional statute, of which it forms the sole melancholy remnant. The Consulta has recently made the unpleasant discovery that the country owes forty millions of francs more than was suppoaed, in consequence of a loan convected with Rothschild by the Pope whilst staying at Portici. 01 this sum no less than thirty two millions of francs have already been spent, and of the remainder six millions figure as scrip in the portfolio of the Minister of Finance, and two mil lions have been converted into Roman Consols, parable in Rome instead of Paris, according to the edict last spring authorising such operations. This hitherto secret item came out of course when the Consults set seriously to work to restore the finan cial condition of the country, and great dismay it produced amongst the councillors. The Marquis Berilacqus's proposition to aid in the . extinction of the paper money, by allowing indivi duals to redeem their property from canons or per petual mortgages in favour of ecclesiastical institu tions, was negatived by the cardinal-president of the Consults, although that measure was sanctioned by the Pope and.partly carried into effect in 1818. In spite of ail these hindrances and eclays, it seems certain that the year 1833 will witness the extirpa tion of our present greasy and lacerated circulating medium. On Monday last the Pope received all the officers of the Roman army at the Vatican, and addressed them in more courteous terms than last year, assuring them that he was well satisfied with their military zeal and their attachment to his govern ment, in consequence of which he had determined to afford them a proof of his sovereign approbation, by allowing them to resume the use of epaulettes, of N%li;ch they had been dcprivEd by the late minister, Ila lb( rmatten. At Macerate, on the 12th inst., the Papal banner was formally consigned t, the mixed foreign regi ment stationed there, and an oath of fidelity sworn by the soldiers in French, German, and Italian, ac cording to a long printed form, rather different from the usual military brevity of such documents. His Holiness is at this moment singing a Te Deum in the Jesuits' Church, for the close of the year. MONTENEGRO, The Journal de Cumeantinoplc of the 10th ult. con firms the news already communicated relative to the blockade of the Albanian coast. The semi-official organ of the Turkish government says that it is to extend " from Ukinia (lluleigrio being meant) to the extremity of the Turkish frontiers." 'Et)e Court, WINDSOR, lAN. 6. The following had the honour of dining with her Majesty yesterday :—tte Duchess of K , ..nt, the Duchess of Cambridge, the Princess Mary of Cambridge, the Princa of Leiningen, the Princess Adelaide of Itobenlohe, l'rince Ed ward of Sale Weimar, and the Countess of Dornburg, Monsieur and Madame Van de Weyer, the Earl of Aber deen, the Lady-in-Welting to the Duchess of Kent, the Lady-in-Waiting to the Duchess of Cambridge, Viscount and Viscountecs liardinge, the Baroness de Spcth, M. General Sir George Bowles, and Baron Knesebeck. The band of the Grenadier Guards attended in the castle and played during dinner. lice Majesty's private band was in attendance in the evening, and performed the following selection : Ovcrcure, st Hay.tee," Ottqte, Op. 20, Ana. con funo,Andante,Schcrza—folr two violas, and two violoncellos—lies= re. Salmon, Day, E. Cbipp, Cuatca, lilt, Nickel, 11. LlApp, and L. debri•der, jun lundei , obn. Salaam, Ba:let, Aglae," _ _ Her Majesty was visited yesterday afternoon by the Countess de Neuilly, the Duke and Duchess do Nemours, the Prince and Princess de Joinville, the Duke and Duehrs I . 4uinale, and the Prince and Princess Augustus of Cobourg.. The following have received invitations, and are expectr.l to-day :—The Count end Countess Colloredo (Austrian Minister), the Earl of Clarendon, Lord end Lady John Russell, and Viscount and Viscountess Mahon. The Right Hon. Edward Cardwell, President of the Board of Trade, attended yesterday, for the tint tilde, at the Board of Trade. . . . . The Lord Chancellor will receive the Judges, Queen's Counsel, &c., on Tuesday next, the first day of 'diary Term, at 12 o'clock, at ha lordship's residence, in Upper Brook-street. The Duke of Newcastle has returned to town from his seat at Clumber-park, Notts. The Colon°ley of the 39th Regiment has become neant by du) death of Lieutcaant•Geueral George Burrell. ST. JAMES'S VESTItY.-SEWERS COMMISSION. A meeting of the vestry of St. James, Piccadilly, was held 3esterday, Mr. CuANE, Churchwarden, in the chair, for the purpose, amongst other business, of consider ing the propriety of appointing a deputation to wait upon Lord Palmerston, the Home Secretary, on the subject of the Sewers Commission; and upon Sir William Moleseserth, the new Commissioner ot Works, with respect to the Me tropolitan Buildings Act and Metropolitan Improvements. Mr. NELSON introduced the subject by saying that, since the year ISSO, the question of the sewers had been considered by no tower than 19 vestry meetings, which showed that the present system was founded on radically defective principles. However high might be the reputa tion of the members of the Sewers Commission, they could not give satisfaction to the two millions of ratepayers in the metropolis, because they did not represent the opinions and wished of the inhabitants. (Hear, hear.) They had acme hopes of getting the evils ot the present system remedied at last, because Sir William Molesworth declared, before the electors of Southwark, that the reason why he became a member of the administration was, that he might assist in developing the great principles of local self-government. (Hear, hear.) With regard to the Metropolitan Buildings Act, it could not be too gene rally known that the wretched class oft houses which were :Waif en all sides of London were being built under this act. They were built on the minimum size of 25 feet by 16, so that the accommodation for a whole family WPS not larger than that for a gentleman's dining room. Cap tain Hay had recently presented a report to the Secretary of State on the inadequacy and wretched condition of the common lodging-houses, and yet 5,000 of a similar size were being added annually to the metropolis. (Hear, hear.) On the subject of metropolitan improvements, n petition had been already presented to parliament by that vestry, which had been everywhere received with approbation. And what they wanted was to have the principle it ad vocated carried out. As an example of the present mode of conducting metropolitan improvements, he might mention that there was a house at the corner of John-street, Tall man, which had been marked for removal for the 13st century. That heath had been sold by auction tor 2,00 J/., and he understood that 5,0001. would be required to pur . chase it now. A short time since, the House ot Commons voted 150,0001. to purchase the site for a National Gallery, without requiring any plan to be furnished to them. With all the faults of the French government, they conducted the metropolitan improvements of Paris in a far better manner. There they purchased the house property, and sold the sites, and struck a balance at once ; whereas the accourts for Regent-street were never mails up to the present mo ment, though it was built 30 years. (Hear, hear.) Ile hoped that ssith the existing government, at the head of which stood the Earl of Aberdeen, the first amateur artist of the day, and which contained such men as Sir William Molesworth and Mr. Osborne, the present state of things would be soon remedied, and that the people of the metro polis would obtain municiped representation. (Ilear,hear.) Mr. Nelson concluded with a motion for deputations on these points. Mr. JACKSON, of Piccadilly, seconded the motion. Mr. OEESIN said that, in order to show the evils of the present system, he could not do Intuir than direct the at tention of the vestry to the report of the Commissioners of Sewers, which agpeared in the Daily News of yesterday, which contained figures of a most startling character. (Hear, hear.) It appeared that no less than 21,0001. had gone for the expenses of the sewers commission out of 48,0001. received, and that a new rate was to be levied to the amount of 150,0001. It was not surprising that this should be the case when they spent 40,000/. on a speculation of flashing the sewers and only 10,0001. on works of utility. (War, hear.) Tney should instruct their representatives to call for a return of the ex pense of the commission siuce its first establishment. If uninterested and practical mon had the manktement of these matters there would be very little difficulty iu setting them right, but things would never be properly managed as long as the to:eaters—district surveyors and such per sans—were consulted. (Rear, hear.) lie would receru mend his friend Mr. Nelson to add to his =Aloft the ap pointment of a deputation to Lord Palmerston ou the sub ject of the police rate, on which the late Home Secretary bad most shamefully broken faith with them. (Rear) Ito would again recommend the meeting to peruse the re port in the Daily News Mr. CiAItILETT (churchwarden) said that 10,000/. a year was spent in that parish for sewers rate, and they got scarcely anything for it. (]tear, hear.) Tue commissioners might he very able men but:they could never cope with the question unless they devoted their whole time to it, and that they could not be expected to do. What they wanted was representative government. Mr. CnisixocK was glad that these questions bad been se pr imply taken up by tho vestry of St. James's, and he hoped that other parishes would follow their example, for the evils of Cie present system were becoming so gigantic that they were scarcely bearstble (Rear.) The motion was then put mid carried unanimously, the poline-rate question being added agreeably to the suggestion of Mr. Geesio. IlAnoN W.:rm.—Letters from Vienna of tho 2nd, state that our al,:e and fortun:te countryman, Baron Ward, first minister of the Dul,o waa at that date dangcrouey and had so bccu for several days. THE ELECTIONS. SOUTHAMPTON. RETURN OF SIR A. E. COCKBURN. TIMINDAY, JAN. C. Although Mr. I3ailie Cochrane intimated in hi d address to the electors of Southampton that he was mat going to run Sir Alexander Cockburn hard, and that he was only going to poll a few votes, just to claim the rightte the seat if Sir Alexander gets unseated on the previouspeti. tlon, the Liberals were determined not to be caught napping, and thedesperate attempts of the Cochranitcs to-day justified the caution of the Liberal party, Mr. Bailie Cecin ae was about the town early this teeming on horseback, with o , devil-me care indifference as to hich way the election weat, and seemed more anxious to " witeh the town with noble horsemanship" than to get into parliament. But this was only a ruse, his committee, mo=t of tacm cannin g old stagers, were about preparing to bring nto every Thin is very evident from the following statist ic :—There ate about 2,200 voters on the Southampton register, but taking into consideration the numbers that are at sea, there are not above 2,000 available vote rs . Out of these there are about 200 who alw a y s remain neutral, and in a lift and death contest them could riot be above 1,800 voters brought up to the pal This was about the number polled at the last general elec tion. Now, this day there were very neatly 1,700 polled, E 0 that it is very evident that Mr. Cochrane'. friends did their best, for as to Sir Alexander's friends, they, whim they saw that they had an overwhelming majority, limped a little towards the latter part of the day. Sir Alexander Cockburn his polled nearly a hundred more than he did :.t the ..t election, and Mr. Bailie Cochrane two hundred less. It is evident, therefore, that Sir Alexander's popularity her increased, while Mr. Cochrane's influence has dineinialcd. At nine o'clock this morning Mr. Cochrane was in a mino rity of 50, and that minority increased every hour, so that it was evident throughout the day that Sir Alexander had it all his own way. At the final close of the poll Sir Alex ander Cockburn hal above dOO majority, fur the uuraben stood thus : _ _ . Sir A. E. Cockburn Mr. Baiiie Cochrane 595 Everything went off in a quiet and orderly manner: the Cockburnites were of course in imperturbable goad hamar. In St. Mary's there was a shindy or two. The materials of the polling booth in that parish, when done with, is always considered the property of the mils, and it was laughable to see with what rapidity the booth was demolished and the materials taken away after the close of the poll. The Attorney-General was busy the whole day walking abort with his friends, and was much cheered by the people. At the close of the poll a large gathering took place at the Royal York Hotel, where Sir Alexander is stayint, and the Attorney-General and several of his friends addremd the assemblage. AYLESBURY. RETURN OF THE SOLICITOR-GENER.U. Yesterday, R. Bethell, Esq., her Mniesty's Solicitor. General, was re-elected fa the hundreds and borough of Aylesbury without opposition. The election took place M the County Hall, under the presidency of the Ili:turning °dicer, and with very little ot that tuutult and excitement which accompanies nominations in this town. Mr. Bethell walked to the scene in company with the leiteinff electors who support him, without any parade of nnsic or banners. The pi-weeding lasted from eleven to two o'clock.—After tko preliminaries, Mr. Jonm GIBBS put Mr. Bethel in nomination, and called his attention to a more equable system of taxation, and to the abrogation ot church rates, and the vote by ballot at elections. seconded the nomination. Mr. JOHN 1101:G111'0N who has more than once nom ec,efuliy contested the ' Aylesbury con-titueney, made a speech at this period of the proceedings, in which he pointed out a setriety of measures demanded by the a4rient tural interest. _ _ _ The SOLICITOR-GENERAL was then declared to be dug elected, and on presenting himself he was received with very great cheering. lie congratulated himself upon being the only unopposed candidate who had for many years stood upon an Aylesbury hustings, and he most sincerely thanked the constituency for having, for the third time, bestowed upon hint their confidence, and sent him to the House of Commons as their representative. (Cheers.) He congratulated them most sincerely upon the downfall of the Derby administration, because he was o'diged to de clare that the fallen government was, from beginning to end, a gross fraud upon the people of England. (Loud cheers.) And he called it a fraud, b. - yet:so they wouldagree with him, that all over this country, and in every age, it was a dictum of morality a that to do one thing and to pro less another thing was a fraud—that to seek support and build up power upon false pretences was a deception and a lie. (Cheers.) Ho would appeal to all of them if Lord Derby's government had nut acted in this unmanly way. When parliament met, he was one of those who thought that the government should here been defeated at once upon the motion of Mr. Villiers, and he hed so voted as to aid that result ; but now, he must say, that he was glad the government had had the trial of a few weeks, for, by that means, they had proved their utter incompetency to rule this nation. Lord Aberdeen had been entrusted with the formation of a new cabinet, and he (Mr. Bethel') was glad to say that the cabinet of Lord Aberdeen were pledged, in the first place, to the introduction of a mea sure of franchise reform. (Cheers.) It was the only ministry, under the eireumattinces, enpahle of conducting the governmt ut of the Queen by securing confidence to the people, and it was composed of the most experienced stater men in the realm—of men capable of carrying out their intentions. It was not within his (Mr. Illethell's) power to indicate the character or the details of the reform measure which the new cabinet would introduce ; but speaking his own convictions, he must say that its first element ought to be a large extension of the franchise—(lowl cheers) — and next by the concession of the ballot for the protection of the voters. (Three cheers for the ballot.) Why, did the law not protect the flesh and blood of a voter when he went to the poll ? A toads body was protected from thoce who would crush it, and trample it down, and hinder the voter by this means front recording his vete. But WAS the man's mind and conscience, which really gave the vote, not to receive the protection of the law ? (Cheers) Connected with the transfer of property, his plan would be to have a register of all real property, so that the process of transfer would involve no more inconvenience nor ex pense than what was necessary to identify the owner ; and those who had passed through the difficult process of a Chancery suit would be able to appreciate the vast intent ance of a change of this nature. (Hear, hear.) The great evil of our present law system arose from the diversity of jurisdiction and the diversity of statutes applicable to the different courts under these jurisdictions, so that when one party wanted a small mortgage for convenience or necessity, or a smell transfer, he had bills coming in from different legal sip:ata; whereas, if the same law of j ustice were applicable to all branches of law, this evil would at once be overcome. For example, the Ecclesiastical Court administered law by statutes and advocates exclusive and restricted, and he would change the jurisdiction by placing it under the same authority as that which ruled at Westminsttr. hear.) And, with respect to the law of church rates, which came within the jurisdiction of Doctors' Commons, he would certainly say that the state was bound to make provision far the maintenance of those fabrics of worship which the piety of our ancestors had bequeathed to us; but he was disposed to destroy the present levy upon these who did not go to church, and the present uncertain nature of church rate exaction by the appropriation of funds in the possession of deans and chapters to church repairs. (Loud cheers.) Mr. Hughlin had asked for his opinion about poor rates, and he re marked that on this subject the late Chancellor of the Ex chequer had roost grievously deceived the farmers. It had been Mr. Disraeli's continual cry upon the hustings ; but when the matter necessarily had to be alluded to in the budget statement, that gentleman passed it over by observ ing that the farmers had now little to complain about. (Laughter.) He (Mr. Bathell) urged that the law of Eli zabeth was made at a time when land was considered the basis eta! personal property, but it was only fair that all de scriptions of property should for the support of the poor. At the same time. wLe Cher this was to he done by a national rate, by a new principle of assessment, or by a more equal adjustment of the present law, he was not quite pre pared to avow. (A voice, " The Jews.") He maintained that those who would exclude our Hebrew brethren front parliamentary honours, ought never to pronounce the sacred words of civil and religious liberty, because the exemption of Jews from parliament was not upon political grounds, al the catholics had been exempted, but solely on the graced of their religious convictions, and he maintained that a vote of the house of Commons was sufficient to admit them without a new enactment. Our conduct on this question reminded him of the boast of the American, who contended that America was the most liberal and free country en earth, and then tamed round and said, " What shall I give you for that il--d negro." (Applause.) In conclusiiu, 3lr. Bethel said that his ambition in entering the House of Commons wse to tarn his attention to the reform of the law, in the spirit of an axiom laid down by one of the greatest, of their ancestors, " that he who reaped advantage from a profes sion should endeavour to make it pure.' (Loud cheers.) The proceedings were closed by the customary vote et thanks ; and Mr. Bethel and his supporters r,tind to the Lell Inn to dinner. GLOUCESTER. (ntox Ctill OWN COARE S PO\DENT ) GLOUCESTER, Tlirft3D/tT. The cleelara.ion of the poll by the Sheriff is se to:Iowa. Admiral Berkeley 761 :Ir. Rope Majority for Admiral Berkeley 9l Neither party had anticipated that the result would have been 63 great a triumph for the government candidate. Admiral Berkeley, in an address delivered to his party from the King's Head Hotel last night, said he bad never bees more tearful of the result of any election than of the one just terminated. He added, that tho triumph was the more gratifying to him, inasmuch as it bed been pro duced by the united and unbiassed and nnboughe rtf.erts . of his friends and of the independent constituency. ed that there hail been any bribery or treating on hie tilt!: but hinted at the presence of a " Fleisher" and a "Prod from Derby. He attributed his largo majority over Mr. Hope to two causes—the assistance rendered him cy Mr. Price, his co-representative, and th .t gentlem - .• 'e'novas; and to the nun-appearance in O'oucester of air. 11,,,re. To.day bi.ls were issued notly ing thr.t there erou'el be a public chairing of the member, but the wet oatl'oer pre- ent oot rr. .0, 'CI .0 of wl 'C Si A L lc 1) It Ib to ti a C b C t rt 1: 1 1 e I I a ko sa r. r. I;