The Express. — London, England, 1852-06-17 00:00:00

AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF - THE GREAT DRITALN AND ----- • - ------- - HUMBOLDT STEAMERS. Last evening two arrivals from the United States WA place, that of the Griot Britain steam-ship (Captain Matthews), at Liverpool, and of the Hum-1 C.iptain Lines). at Criers, on her way to I w o re. The latter Walk I has brought 150 opocii. r-. :101 I ,M eta to the value oil font hundred thousand met.. nit thi et. hundred and six thou...oil ~0. 1.0:.11U:l. T 11: Great 111it.tin blings lot porstr.,ers. Each vessel left New lurk on the sth inst.. the Great Britain making:, the voyage within II dap, and the Humboldt in II days one hour. The papers were still occupied with the proceedings of diet...mentions for the selection of Presidential randhlattw,, almost to the exclusion of every other topic. It is very curious, and not a little instructive, to Lew the struggle from this distance ; nut less than thirts-six ballots had been taken in the Ihinmeratic t',•Bl. mina to determine which should be the candi date to "run' on that side of the political chariot. On the Last weasion, the numbers s'ood thus: Cass, 122; 'king:aro, 13: Murev, SS; Nam e , 30 ; Buchanan, 2•4; Houston, 5; BUtler, 1 ; Dickenson, I. irginii and New Hampshire voted for Prime. The whole number of votes was 2M(, and the number necessary to make a choice was 192. Should Cass be nominated, anti eventually succeed to the presidenti chair. notate of the old european governments may prepai e f it trouble. On the nth the Co n tention adjourned, but it was expected that the democratic candidate would be nominated on the sth. There mere nil bitter oppo nents of ('as and unless they falter, his election was pronounced ianissisible. fhc whigs throughout the country were beginning to in MC with 111.1Vrity. The Democratic National ('onvintion had set them all in motion. The Maine Convention, which met on Thursday. was very en• thaitiastie in the cause of General Scott, and selected delegatis to advocate his interests in the nominating convention. The en scent City and the Empire City steamships arrived at New York on the ith inst., with the Ca lifornia mails and a million and a half of dollars in specie, but the advice, had been unticipated by the previous arrival of the United States steamer and the Northern Light. In the Senate, a resolution had been passed calling fur the correspondence beeween the Ainitrian minister and the Secretary of State. The House of Representatives had been petitioned to establish a mint at New York. Since the annexa. thin of California, 90,000,000 of gold dust had been land, d at that port. Governor Martin. of New Hampshire, had espoused the cause of Kossuth. Eight ocean steamers left New York on the sth. Er to the South Pacific we learn that the Chain Corts& was to open on the let June. Aquedu columned in a Terc disturbcd state. and a war with Peru was confidently looked for. The movements of Flores were uncertain. _ 'l•nere are adeices from Guayaquil to the Ist ult. That city, up to that time, had not been assaulted by Gen. Flores. It was expected that he would soon coulawn..e active operations. The government of Ecuatlor had made extensive arrangements to repel any attack, and the issue of the altair was doubtful. It is stilted that some of Flores' men were deserting him. One British and one American ship-of-war were at Guayaquil, and had offered their services to the Ecuador government. Ecuador war in a dis turbed state, and war was likely to be declared agaicst Peru, the President declaring in a procla mation that after defeating Flores he would march to indict exemplary punishment on Peru. The Neer I,,rk II rald says : The last intelligence Iron Mexico, by way of New Or- Maus. indicates that Mr. Moo, a contractor well known for hi- enterprise, in Cincinnati, Washingten, and New York, has proem.. d the introduction of • bill into the Mexican Corigr ss, gran ing to him the right to construct • rail way or card sere*. the Tehuantepec route, and that • bill ha; already passed one of the branches of the Mexican le. gislature, with the prospect of its passing the Senate and them recutiscas due precise of time. Probably there is • good deal of fonodationt w this statement, so far wits bring witroduced into the Mexican legislature, and pressed upon Mexican staternen,by Mr..Sloo; but we have not tbe slightest idea, atter seeing the mistime in which the grant made to Garay was treated, that Mr. Stoo's prospects of sucrose Sr. any stronger or better. Mr. Sloo is well known in New York nal Washington. Ile is an enterprising man, had of all new achemes and novel speculations, and has been long acquainted with the modes of introducing them in Congress at Washington, and recommending them both to the legislative and executive suthorities. Ile has been successful in a good rimy of these enterprises in this country; but we doubt whether ho will succeed at all in the project he entertains with respect to Mexico. The prin cipal obstruct:on to the BUM.* of Mr. Sloo's plan in acquit leg • righil to construct • railroad or canal seen,, the Tw huantepre route. will Arise from the necessities of the Mexi can government, the poverty of their treasury, the interests in conflict with such a measure, and the influences of the clerical and British residents esereised in an opposite direction. Mr. Sloo is a roan of not much resources in point of money, while the Mexican government want money, and will *Goo want it still more greseingle. They have been living on the indemnity paid the 'jolted States, living. as it were, front hand to month, sines the expiration of the Mexican war, two or three years ago. They may he said to be pensioners of this republic, and they find it /tansy to sustain their government by rely lag on the treasury of the United States, that we rather Inspect the President and Congress of Mesiect will prefer to give the government of this country a grant of way by the Tehuantepec route, on the payment of a logo sum of money, rather than trust to any individual enterprise inch r that presented by Mr. Moo, whose resources cannot cer tainly be compared with the treasury of the United States. The Northern Light, with late advioes from Cali bruin' arrived on V i l'edneeday afternoon,l one 2nd. She b rings eighteen days later news. The intelli gence is not of much consequence. Affairs in Cali fornia are becoming more settled and substantial. Wages were nearer the level of those paid in the Atlantic city. Drinks were advertised at twenty fivc cents, with • lunch thrown in. The accounts from the mines are very meagre, but not tinfavour- Wt. TEis legislature bad adjourned, after passing • list of laws equal in length to, and perhaps of more imprrtanee than, those that mark the close of • le gislative body in New York or New England. A gentleman residing at Sherlock's Creek, about six miles from Agea Trio, any. that the country around Sherlock's haa not been thoroughly prospected as yet. Men who work, he says, can make from $ dole. to In dole. per day; but many are not satis fied with that. Messrs. Talbot and Co. were about to prospect the bank of the creek, in deep diggings, which, it was supposed, was risk. A letter, dated Onion Valls,. April 30, sa Teem is a very good sight he three or her leeid morn in this region, say an trios Wile Mind j ad even hare, at this very pleas, a ampsay lest hi tank ore 2,603 dote. In • very short ima,Ril were &Mei to goal, am smount of the early mow. Odom Valley Creek h hem twelve to Mesa mike heStk i as tai Llas bees worked bat very lint. Pow Mein % Croak, Slate Reath, Oihina's of reatiber River, imam Creak. gad ie •fteolt, are all iris homedkiht aity, and aB but lamkaa Omit are midis is miss of this Mor i and at the puma( these Barham mmaprlse the sweet amt lust Ia Calimak ; reed as a* old mime, having been in the sasuatoiss more than two years, I would advise Mote Mikis' to try their look eit minim tomato thole way eat of your fusty, vonsonitohimasof plats him ieso the pan salubrious sir of the meuation. whom they as see the whole of the " elephant,' • sad ism thskposekete with me to boot. Wages in this rosier MI in aim per day ; bet ma cow= will sot look at that him Ow • man can live well hers, if le bare kimaalß, he it et MI cents. per day, at prices provisions am am la moral 17c - pork, 25c. ; hams, 35e. • hist reek se seta Accounts from Dorris:trine dole thee the "big strike" up the South Pork hes turned out a reality, if 1,000 dollars a day as be so oteridered. Some to w diggings have been strock on the North Fork, sad are paying well. From the corrcepordeese of the Seereieseto Union we learn that the espoidee of dr Odors gold dieser' has commenced in des isterior. The follow ing to the letter Mormon Bar, North Pork of the American River— Sunday, May 2, 18.5.2.—The oaollommet In regard to the t:i.inew is rapidly extendlnA ir sillag the basks or the North irk o f the Almeria. mei " elpulaioos are taking place. This rim sixty American ranged Con the river some Ise* sea us eking off two hundred, tartly removing their tenor alajapy respecting their PSe ants awl property, except ceps ems hagamse, whoa • Coleelli armed inclined to be " eireopuses." his made v.., thrown into the river. The saes ewer sly rased to proceed en moue to Him ghee Ise this sheassisos .art measum with the MIMS there le start " ammo fur hundred located at that pines. A band of resin is :mowed to accompany the ospedition. The i5 ... 2 ..L., 2e trauz. awl anythind bet ressesiet. that pelf a, • Rust law of nature must sad ail be entorostl .1 not be well for your city government to take 11911119 mike the subject, fur you will certainly have a Sort et then, Yra shove and below you s e e ,. There is but owe sputatower the m i ners i n regard to the proposed monopolies led ''rooristion of Chinese into the Lass, and nearly all of the 41,ty or n i nety thousand American miners are fully deter mined to submit no longer to hare the public lands robbed of their only treasure. The Marysville !tenth: says : At a large meeting of American miners of Foster's and Atchiaon's ham I.cld at the El Dorado lintel, on the 27th of April, to take into consideration the propriety of ea ll., g the Chinese, on aecount of their insolent and over bearing conduct—on motion, C. S. Mono was called to tho chair, and Thomas I'. Dryer appointed secretary. The hollowing tor-amlobo and re-oluttons were adopted: Whereas, large numb reel f oreigner.o, en 1 Chinese espe cially, are os,reunning and occupying a large portion of the mining lands in this rieinity , to the injury snot ilisad• suit ul Aoner.ean ei . izen• ; snot, whereas, we hold the the miner ii lsod• of California, by . right, should ',along to, and he held solely by American cotisens; therefore, Resolved—That after the first day of May next, no China man shall be allowed to hull soy muting claim on Foster's or Atchison's bar. Thos. P. timer offered the following, which was adopted unanintoudy : Re*deed—That the Chine.e he required by the American mutters to manse the ranch by Monday neat; and that a cnnonittee of ail be appointed to comnsuuicate to them the action of this meeting. Important news had been received from South Califonna. A battle with the Indians had taken place, and their chief killed. The steam-ship Lints arrived at Panama from Val pantie° with adsiotis to the 30th of April, and 600,000 dubs. in speck. Nothing of importance bud transpired since last &deices. The commercial ac counts continued extremely flattering. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. Now Yoko, 'egg 1. We have no alteration to notice of any importance, either in the money or stuck market. United States Securities, State Stocks, and all solid stocks, bonds, and pecurities continue in demand fur investment both by home capitalists and Europeans. Speculative stocks are neglect.% the ruling rates being too high for much action. The demand far exchange for the steamers Ilumhol It and Omit Britain has been gond. Sterling sold at 1091 to 1101, atoptly at 110 j to 1101 for bankers' bills. Paris, 3.14 to 1 171. Amsterdam, 40t to It. Frankfort, 14 to 401. llaanburgli, 361 to 361. Bre men, 79j to 79j. The reccipta of gold by the Crescent City and other arrivals have given a little more stimulus to the money market, the effect of which must soon he lelt in the value of good dividend paying sentries as well as el kinds of real property. In the discount market the rates foe Ist class s:goatur.s continue extremely low, while the amount of business transacted is limited, from the great scarcity of pa Z r n Money on call has been placed as low as 31 per cent , and loans on time at 3;c. to 4c. Astir., • —Put ashes continue to arrive freely, and to meet with a ready sale at 41, at which rate there is an active de mand for export. The sales of the week comprise 1410 bar rel.. Pearl ashes are taken fur home use at fic. to 6jc., with sales of 200 b hl. . ... . _ Curios.—There bas been very little disposition shown for the p ist three days either to buy or sell, though sake have he.. made at a decline of a . from the current rates of lut week. Holders are cenerally as unwilling to meet that decline as buyers are; in fact we have had no market, and our quotations must be oomidered nominal. Sales far three days, 2,000 bales. Atlantic. Florida. Oull . 1;;Ia. Interior Ord. low to cord 9to tl ... 0M b. ... ato 91 311.1. ovriorocal NW. lair to fair .. 10 to 101 ... 10 to - 104 to 114 FoUrfair toroxldo. - to - - to - - to - Ftuen.-We have no material change to notice in the rates for this article. The daily supplies are moderate fur the season, and the demand for Eastern markets and the usual home trade are sufficient to prevent any accumula tion. The late advance is freights to England Ins checked the inquiry for export. We quote common to straight state brands, at 4 del.. 61e. to 4 dubs. 121 c.; Ohio, 4 dole. :84c. to 4 dub 21e. ; mixed to fancy Michigan and Indiana, 4 dole. 6:e. to 4 dols. 371 e. Canadian has been in request for export to British provinces, at 4 deli. 61c. to 4 dole. 121 c., in bond. Southern is in rather light stock, and for the common kinds there is but little demand. Bel timore, Alexandria. l'ittsburgh, and Georgetown brands are selling 4 dola. 311 c. to 4 dole. 50c. 01 Richmond city mills the market is bare-the last sales were made at 6 duls. 25c. to 6 dale 50c. Rye flour remains 3 dole •21. re. to 3 dole. 311 e. ; and corn meal, 3 doh. 184 e. to 3 dots. 25c. for Jersey. GAM:V.-The market is quite firm fur Wheat, the sup. plies are ligt.t, and holders show but little disposition to sell except at full rates. Among the sales of the week we notice 12,000 bush. Canadian at 98e. to 100 c. in bond; 5,700 do. Gennessee, at 114 e. to 115 e. for prime white, and 106 c. to 110 c. for ordinary to fine ; 10,000 bush. white Ohio and Michigan, 100 c. to 1011 e.; 2,600 bush. red Ohio, 931 e. lye remains scarce ' and is wanted for home use, at 76e. to , is.; the export tra de has ceased. Oats are rather dull, at 12e. to 41e. for good State • Jersey and Southern air no minal. There is • fair deemlna for corn, and sound ship ping quality is seam and wonted; of the inferior and heated description the supply is large, and prices favour the buyer; the closing rates aro 54e. to 59e. for inferior, and 61e. to 63c. for mixed Western and Southern white and yellow. NAVAL STORIn.-Sales of north country rough turpentine were made early in the week at 3 dole. SOe. ; since then the market has been heavy and inactive. Common rosin I dol. 3.5 e. to I dol. 371 e. ; white rosin, 3 dots. to 5 dole.; the article Is scarce ; a strictly prime article brought 0 dole. Spirits of turpentine brings Co pith but few sales. PitoVlsluNS.-The stock of pork is comparatively light, with a good demand for consumption. Sales of mess have been made from 17 dole. 94e. to 181 dole., but at the den there web none to be had less than 18 dole. l'rime, 161 dole. to 161 ; rump, 16 doll. to 161 dole. Clear is held firmly at 191 dole. Lard firm, stock light; *ales from 94e. to 10c. Grease, 7c. to 81e.; keg lard, lie. to 111 e. Cut meats are dull. Sellers are not crowding their stocks. Hams, 9e. to 94c.; smoked hams, 10e. to 12c. ; shoulders, 84c. to 10e. ; sides, 10e. to 101 e. Beef, stock light ; 10 dole. to 134 dole. for mess, and 6 doh. to 774 dots. for prime. Prime mess, 181 dole. to 19 dots.; beef hams, 5 doll. to 61 dela.; smoked beef, 91e to 10e. Butter, Western Dairy, 16c. to lk. ; Orange County, 20c. to 22e. Cheese. 7e. to Be. FRSIORTS to Liverpool are dull. Cotton Id. Flour and meal, Is. Grain, 31d. to 4d. Heavy goods, 12s. 6d. to 15e. To London: Flour. Is. 6d. to Is. 9d. Navel stores, 2s. Heavy gook, 17s. 6d. to 30s. Beef in Heroes, 3s. 6d. to 4s. To Havre: Cotton, 5 1.16 e. to le. Ashes, 5 dole. to 8 dole. Rice and Bark, 8 doh. Whalebone, Ic. To Antwerp : Ashes, 17s. 6d. To California, 45e. to 60e. NSW OiLLIANS, hart 4, NOON. Two thousand bales of cettoo have been sold to-day, at a decline ince the Asia's arrival of 0 co lower qualities, but good 'middling is seam, and quoted 10e. to 101 e. Wes tern leaf tobacco advanced smother ie. during the week. ALBANY, urn 4. Receipts of the past 24 hears :—Floor, 11,000 brie. ; wheat, 4,000 bushels; eon, 26,000 bushels. Tlw tulles of BOW have bees 2,000 bele, at termer rates. Wheat, Ows pewee, sell at llbe. ; oats, 421 e. • and eon ' 69e. for mixed western, awd 62e. palm wumed; wit% ides of 10000 bushels lead 200 bele. Whiskey sold at 21a. CALIFORNIA. Bal FaANCIIICO, MlTlC—ii;l;•early part of the da there VIVO indications of as isapremesasst is the dam forth. isomer, bet it bag sot rowalosd is other ass a ant limited besisass. • penal et Jae butler bee bees sold at 76e. /ow l► awe bee ben Ewe asked eAr, bee we mild sot haw elms, ealseabapestieet. Moe else bee Wilds at fie. per lb. • mall quastiq of Nap Ise dil lt Aced buyers at 1 Eds. 2fie. per barrel. The dry seeds trade esatiaat s brick. I. .is time is little deb* Ileocerox, MAY 4.—We pensive a bee. &mad for pals this existed derby the lest week. Tin weedier is teirroarabls se a very Welt imams, while Widow de aft atm as esaleae as a few wobeelmes to tamest desk stabs hither this a steady demad Warrant We modes a farther shame is Nod shovels; is., beadled steel we Rases at 7i dela te SO dela per dem s Os% 60 dols. ee Id deb. I wan yeleilek cheat NNW le 40 dale. Ptweet edema Ye sesmily aim la eielbies. or may theeeipeiaa et dee Waal Ws prime average WO. T h ere are ao amen{ dingo Is pent. SOUL THE WEST DTDIES. By the Great Britain we have dates from King ston (Jamaica) to the 29th ult. They contain no news of importanoe. Annexed is the Ltat market report KIXOSTOX, Jamaica, MAT 26.—Breed continues inac tive, and is with thank, awed, at its. sad 17e. for pilot and waken respectively. Batter, both Halifax and Am.- rims, are wanted. Candles are not in active inquiry ; we sees ales of 1,000 holm Cosh's, 400 boxes Jackson's, and ON bozos Vroom and Fowler's, at dad. Cornmeal eon- Nose is active demand, and very small supply. A pu t arrived woe tams et the eemateseeeteat of the es Ns., sines which them haw; not bean any aTrWeirrnber lot has bean gold, to arrive, at the sums rats. CedNlL—Dealers sre well seethed. and, for the plentillepreset. it amend *a oulebled. Cara.—The ng supply Splie pet he milli will keep up • este aab y et NW beriai d es. Chars.—D. CI. rviT y . ;26 hampers ham bands, at 10d. per'; lb. Flour.—The satire Maeda MS Philadelphia, the lest mosipt, at 30s. 6d.; nag Mew Weans, et autosquntly several preseh neldemem In et I* at Us. ; the stock is new Wesel eddy In the kende theism Freights—T is abmilsol. Oda—Americas is WWI d, and CaiMiisn doebiumm i re if per mat. premium. Ham—An descriptions me worry dull of ' oak, sad in abandamt supply. Lember—Whise pine of good quality is in very liaised supply ; W. C. shingle, may be quoted at 10e. to We. pm W., es in leaky. Lard is slowly taken at 7d. per lb. Markarel are generally held Nor 26e.; supply very ample. 04—C•d les boss moved rthently, at 2e. 3d. re fs. 41d. _per palm Oeleme.—Four erases I. bed order mil el 111. per ma Perk Is very Keret; there is not may le torneset bee& Potatoes are rented. Rice.—Carolies Is arced by semil, at 225. per 100 lbs. Soap.—Of Ileseles, PIO beim " Feather" haws been moved, at 9a. dd. ; all description@ of crown an negleeted. Tobacco.—Cavendish is quiet ; 49 bales supe rfine New Orleans leaf have bees moved, at 67a. per 168th.. Exchange on New York, 60 days, 11 to I per cent. premium. MARIA ANTONIA RAILWAY. -Traffic for the week wading Jar.' 3, 1862:-2881. 186 i, 1401. gbe Court. - - The Princess Mary visited her Majesty yesterday at Buckingham Palace. Prince Albert presided at the Council fur the manage ment of the Duchy of Cornwall, at the Duchy Odic Somereet llouw, yesterday morning. Hia Royal Highness wa• attended by tolonel the lion. C. B. l'hippe. he Prince of Wales, the Princes. Royal, Prince Alfred, and the Prilneara Alice, llelcua, a n d Luuisa, took their usual exercise yesterday in UM gardea of Buckingham P.il.ice. I 12u.,.11 had a dinner p-rty reiterilay et Thiekingham F.thee. The company 010 Duchess of Kent, his Excellency the French AnaliAssador and the Countrsa Walewsks, his Excellency the Austrian Minister and the Countess Collorcdo, Lady Fanny Howard, Baronisa do Sptth, the Earl and Countess of Shaftesbury, the Earl of Aberdeen, Lord and Lady John Rus•ell, Lord and Lady t'Liud Hamilton, Lord Krdesdale and the Hon. Miss Mit ford, the Right Hon. Sir John and Lady l'akington, and Lord George Lennox. The Duchess of Kent visited tho Duchess of Gloucester yriterilay, et Gloucester House. The Earl of Selkirk and Mr. Mackie, 1M P., had an in terview yesterday with the Earl of Mahneshuiy, nt the Eureign•odice, to present a memorial from a numerous body of the prooriet us and tenants of the stewrrtry of Kirkcudbright, on the subject of guano from the Lobos !viands. Governor Grenory had an interview with Sir John Pakington yesterday, at the Colonial•ofce. Despatches were sent yesterday from the Colouial•oflice to the governors of the N est India Islands. The Judicial Cotumittee of the Privy Council sat yester day, in the Council Chamber, and heard a petition from Madras, and an appeal from Licence. THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, JUNE 17, 1852. THE AUSTRALIAN GOLD FIELDS. LECTURE AT THE SOCIETY OF ARTS. Yesterday evening the inlet crowded meeting , ever wen within the wells of the Society of Arts esseinhled to heag Mr. Shilling, a ichtleman recently returned trues the Austrslian until fields, read • paper descriptive of the " diegiiiire." their g. ological features, present position, mud • future prospects. Some specimens of q uarto and .. mug gees," provided by the kind attention of rof,lour 'remnant, wei• exhibited, but so great was the crowd that only a few in the immediate neighbourhood of the Lithe could gratify their curiosity by an inspection. The chair having been taken by Mr. WINCYWOUTII, Mr. StilLt.ino read the following paper: " The Australian cordillera run in a line with the coast, and at an average distance of less than one hundred mill. from the shore. Inland the waters are all tributaries of the Darling and Murrurnbidgee, which unit* to form the Murray, falling into the sea near Adelaide. field has been found on both sides of these cordillera, and chiefly, as we shall see, in the smaller streams and bends of the rivers; but the basin of the Murray may be said to constitute the Austra lian gold field. It is well known that the geological character of these ranges is the same as that of the Sierra Nevada of California and Ural mountains of Russia. And in Australis, as in these countries, by far the largest supply of gold has been procured from the bunks and lads of rivers flowing through the accumulated masses of debris, either torn from the mountain sides by some convulsion of nature, or brought down by the floods of past ages. Even al though • hundredweight has been found in the matrix at one spot, it would be assuming more than we have soy foundotinn fee doing, to say that gold may anywhere be found concentrated in large quantities; every circumstance rather tends to prove that it has existed but rarely in moues, or at any rate that these have bees so broken up in the course of ages, and disseminated amungat the debrie of mountains, that it is now almost hopeless to search after matrix gold. The very outliue of tUee hills and moun tains, almost without exception rounded, and with preci pices of any magnitude, but seldom showing themselves, would make it probable that their surface irregularities , have beets caused by detritus, so as to give this peculiar character to the scenery, the only distinguishing feature that the gold field perhaps possesses. Imagine a number of enormous haycocks, Gum .5 to 1,500 feet high, packed as close together as impenetrable substances of such a shape could be generally crammed, in ranges, hut sometimes isolated; their steep slopes covered to the summit with the thin evergrs en, or rather ever-brown, bush of Australia, and you will have a very fair idea of the gene fel appearance of the gold di.tricts. Its other feature. are such as are common to mountainous countries with the limpid stream winding down the deep valley between the projecting spurs, or noisy torrent rushing impetuously down the adjeming gulley. Moat of the rivers, however, deserve the uncle only after heavy rains • ' at other times they are little better than a succession of water holes, united, per haps, by • streamlet which often, indeed, seems to find its way with di ff iculty from one hole to another; yet preci pices, formed by the tearing away of steep banks, show not unfrequently the force with which their swollen waters must at times have rolled. In New South Wales, the range takes the name of Blue Mountains, which in the early days of the colony opposed a formidable barrier to its extension. Many attempts had been made to cruse them in vain ; but the drought of 1813 led to another attempt on the part of three gentlemen, of whom Mr. Weut worth was one ; it was completely successful, and resulted in the opening of the Bathurst district, taking its name from the town then founded, to which • road was at once commenced. This road has been since improved by Sir T. Mitchell, sod is not the least among the triumphs of en gineering skill. This barrier thus removed, nothing has since stopped the progress of the settler its his search for new pastures, and the consequence is that about two-thirds of the small population of 200,000 are very thinly scattered over au enormous territory: the other one-third are town population. The choicest valleys in the mountains have thus become occupied by sheep stations or small settlers, and fur year. the gold-bearing stream has Leen used for domestic purpmcs, and the soil tilled without gold having been discovered. This may at first excite surprise but it must be remembered that gold is so sparingly and minutely disseminated throughout the soil that it is only in the process of washing that it reveals itself. There is scarcely more appearance of it on the sur face than on that of Wimb ledon-common or Putney-heath. Indeed, as Mr. Hargreaves, the discoverer, wrote from Cali lornia, to his brother, when he says, "I am very forcibly impressed that I have been in a gold region in tic* South Wales ' within 300 miles of Sydney: uuless you know how to fi nd it you might live fur a century in the region and know nothing of its existence." This was dated March 5, I 18.10, and perhaps originated a rumour which circulated in the newspapers long previous to the discovery ; but years before several eminent geologists, especially Sir it. Mur chison and the Rev. Mr. Clarke, had predicted the existence of gold. Mr. Clarke, indeed, professes that he could have found it, but would not, as it was inexpedient, the colony being • convict ono. A shepherd bad even been known to have sold gold in considerable quantities in Sydney, but he kept his secret in spite of the geologists, and not until the new Ophir was Proclaimed in May last year, was the mystery of his wealsh revealed. The locality thus name"' by Mr. Hargreaves is a deep ravine, through which flows the Sumnserhill Creek, from the lofty Canons's, between 4,000 and 6,000 feet high. So deep is the ravine, that the diggers enjoy very little of the sun. Ott one side it is bounded by rocks of quartz and schist, in some places almost perpendicular. The excite. ment caused by the discovery, es you may readily imagine, was very great, and the mail was besieged by crowds, who had waited with impatience for confirmatory accounts. These had no sooner arrived than an almost instentaneou change took place in the aspect of things, and it was im possible to stir out in the streets or walk along the high road without perceiving the alteration. Cradles and dig ging paraphernalia intruding upon the pathway, halt finished houses deserted by the workmen, and a large pro portion of the shops closed, gave a new and melancholy appearance to the streets. The reed would have furnished to a Dickens matter for many • page ; for more motley crowds or stranger outfits than those of the hundreds who joined in the first rush to the minas could geared, be con ceived. At the same time, provisions, and especially flour, roes to hitherto unheard-of prices. The 310. loaf, previ ously 3d., became as mach as 941. at Sydney ; and flour at Ophir was scarcely to be had for money. 131. • ton was even advertised to take it there, 160 miles. The necessity of taking provisions with them acted as a cheek upon the number of diggers, still it is estimated that while, during the first ten days, there were 400 at Ophir, these had increased in another fortnight to 2,000, with hundreds still on the road. The space within which they had to work was limited, and they were bat badly pro vided for the winter, which, in the mountains, is rialto an other thing to what it is at Sydney. During June and July almost ea many were to be seen returning from the mines as had before been going there, and mostly in very sorry plight. The severe seasoe,beenr rains, and perhaps in part the extravagant hopes formed, sure to be disap pointed, because extravagant, will mount for this reverse. Hopeful they had lessened the difficulties, thought nothing of the labour, and magnified the profits; and when they found it all so dialogue, returned in disgust; such, at least. was the case with =ay of the Sydney adventurers. The enesquence was that the diggings became the best place to hire labourers and the cheapest place to live, ha leer and previsions had been tent up to supply "'papeled*. whichhad vanished. As imam, of this re-action I msy 'ratios one ease, In which a pasty was to receive 401. hr up stens which were aboorards taken in part payment= than herreght down maim to the ports in search of a better marks& This reverse pews • lesson to many in the colony, sad , I iesftgiM s to those government clerks who had IMO going to the mines because they had been glees he imilestnei that none who left their alosintnessea weuki have them again. And it may well in diums these alMst to leave thhewantry to consider their own grass, holm they madly eacounter di/Unities—nothing, es navvi and strong men, but insurmountable le to uitary sad weak. But many (libelee who thee returned only waited till the winter should be over, whoa they woe resolved to try again : in fact, the 'gold fever, et it may well be called, is intermittent in its action, aad ono g by it, though disappointed again and again, in mast Nees the disease remains, and the unhappy patient, discon tented wed unsettled, dreads nothing so much as went of the mean to try hie hick ewe more. Meanwhile, this re meths enabled the sheep owner* to get in list year's clip, as it was some unsthe before the &accosts from the Tarn, where the next discovery, explored by diggers hem Opkir re-attracted the advent. In New Neva Weise the Tuna have hitherto bee n the ratalialilljegas end es Rainy a 520,000 are estimated to here bow a sae tine. The township of &Ala has hese headed with be earth, sad at the end of the year te l, r e o e 4while Muse had hale beamed, ea* of which on its o deg, I heard, leek NW. Saida is about 3o miles from HOOwiel. nod Illthrough thane frees Ophir. The hills are set se Iraq, bus the doer at doss deserves the name. The beim* is ihr the sod pert sehistess, and is reached after riskily _lhreugh a red day, a Met of clay and lob bliss baud Med together • suadleast below this there is a red ausielems, er rather :sad bard se bred as to resemble a zesty slid dm another layer of herd bake. Sometimes the Weer ems to strata of • and pipeclay is eemeas in sans of the river ' There are other claim sa the top of the hills for himbe, sad the labour of carrying the auriferous earth to the slessun is very great, but several carts were employed is dales thin at ls, s load, and one cradle can take four wee per day. These dry diggings, of course, have the advantage of never being flooded, which, in s wet season like the winter of last year, is a very great one indeed; but there is much more un certainty ia them than in these la the creek and river beds, whore esperkess mid attains NM enable a mesa to doses • glass with nos degree of certainty. Here the goad le deposited lo detain dame having p eculiar feature' same ported this In others. Banks with a gentle shape Mem ridge severed with the detritus of the earlareas redo, shed dire bum In the einem, and rocks in its had lying with ughtemed edges, and crevices forming receptacles or pockets Or dor., are pretty sure indica tions that gold in &bumble's to be got, and the greatest deport ars likely to lis hand at the turn of the stress& on and near thi t i r peens d q u i , bo, in the dry itigginp, there is little to Ile ; le by so idea until he bar &awa NA deg a to the hod reek what his fortune is likely te he. end the depth le whish be has to dig varies from 6lt. tea*, sad 0,11•1111110. Alter passing through the loose top soil and red day he fuses to the mixture of red gnarly earth, in which are bedded gravel and pebbles. The petinles increase in sine as he gets nearer to bed rock, where he finds boulders a 1001 be. and upwards in weight, evidently worn by the attrition of water through centuries. At this depth the soil is white and clayey. The mixture of earth and pebbles Y extremely hard, and picks worked on it require to be pointed very often. After working down through this to bed rock, the gold dig ger may be rewa►ded handsomely, end he may, un the other hand, have thrown all his ;about. away. Some Mal holes, Id or mure lei t det p, yield barely a quarter of an ounce a day during washing, node others not half the depth may yield from .5 to 10 ounces. (Lacey Creed is the richest of those falling into the Turon, and immense boles, pile• cf rubbish, heaps of Icbbhr , and cradle tabling., showed even last November that it had been will 0,11,1i/rid. A smaller meek of the same name, si•psrateil front it by a dividing ridge, is also exceedingly rich. About two miles up it the banks le come very precipitous roil Pined, end there is a tall ut about 1.5 tact. Abure the tall at is a lucre lwater-course over table land occupied s;as . beeP - s71;;;;L: The women even at the sheep st tien took knives and pint puts, and gathered the gold train the ,revives of the reeks, hut the scarcity of water prevented any extensive cradling. Whet must have been thu sensations of the people at the sheep station at seeing so much gold dug out ut the spot where they have been for years in the habit of filling their tea-kettle ? The rocks about both these creeks are schist and quartz, and appear to be much worn, the tops and side of thu ridges being cover's' with their detritus. Where exposed to the weather, the schist is of a grey and of a red colour, but in the best of the creek it is often blue and green, and has a polishid appearance. Quarts veins traverse it iu a north and south direction. The prices on the best claims on the Turon will afford some Glue as to its richness. The best one was sold ter Mt and the purchaser allowed two days trial, in which lie got 1601. towards the purchase money. The bed ruck was nine feet from the surface, and very uneveii, jutting upwards iu musts, forming huge pockets for holding the precious metal. Another claim, sold tor 7001., did not repay the purchaser, though lifts, were found one day and rilln. the next. One party, called rangers, procured 1,0001. worth in four or hue weeks ; bat, says the correspondent of the Pa r, the enumeration of such remarkable successes can only have a prejudical effect in giving a false notion of the general success of the miners; for tesides the rich gulden Point, Sheep Station Point, and It itin Mil, there is a Pennyweight hill, a city of rs time to those who fled to it from utter want. 1 u expect mire than a bare subsistence was out of the question, and yet to see them toiling at their miserable task, delving away like mad, carrying huge bags of soil to be washed, and the whole hill like an ant hill with bustle and hurry moving with active life, you would fairy they were making their fortune, and almost km skint their no cks to make it 600 R. Au an instance of the Hoods with which these retention ous districts are sometimes visited, I will read a description ut one which occurred in Oak, y Creek iu the middle of De cember. It is supposed to have been caused by the break ing of a water spout during a thundi r storm, fur the prodi gious volume of water which in lees than au hour from the commencement of the storm, poured its de vsetatLigdzi dowu the creeks, could searcele owe its rise even to the heaviest fall of rain. A loud roar, like a coming corm of wind, was the only warning, and belore the miners had time to think, the moving mass of waters was upon them ; cradles and other impli menu were swept away to destruc tion ; holes and excavations filled up, end heaps of useless earth thrown up by miners were levelled down, burying what tools were nut carried away, and restoring some what the former appearance of the creeks before they were disturbed by the pursuit of gold. Miners barely escaped I with life, and there were one or two fatal accidents. ' After the flood, the waters of which subsided almost u quickly as they rose, the banks of the creek, especially about the highest water mark, were thinly sprinkled with gold, which the miners quickly gathered; one nugget of I one os. was picked u p. Th e digettegs of New South Wales, next in importance to the Turon, were, 1 think, Braidwood or Aralvcn digging', in the county of St. Vincent. The correspondent of the Empire, Dec. 10, say., I was astounded at the busy scene ; the entire bed had been rooted up from 20 to 25 feet, and in each excavation from 6 to 10 men were engaged in dislodging the auriferous soil, and conveying it to the cradles near the water course for the purpose ot se parating the geld from the ditritus. The Major'. Creek (which had proved the richest) is,proeerly a swamp, covered in must places with lung silky grass in tussock-. The sur face soil is black and rich in the extreme, suitable for garden ground. This rum to the depth eat from b to b feet, under which is • stratum of decomposed granite, the richest veins are blue and green, and passing through these • mass of solid rock or boulder" of considerable ego are found beneath; the adjacent hills arc gra nite and auriferous ;to a greater or less extent' Some thirty miles to the north of the Turon is the Naroo, a creek, or river, in the county of Wellington, flowing into the Cudgegong : it has never been so well tried as either of the others; and, being on a much larger scale, affords room fur thousands. Gold is here found in surface earth, A n black and red gravel ; and under the gravel, in blue clay, V which is generally considered the must promising, as it re tains the gold : in fact, gold can scarcely be looked for in gravel, as the gravel, so easily disintegrated, will have allowed the heavy metal to fall through to the bed of the stream; bat the clay is perhaps never thoroughly disinte grated, and the masses, when deposited, have still gold dis seminated throughout them; but this clay is very bad to work in the cradle. Not unfrequently it rolls up in balls about the sire of pills, and carries the gold with it, as it clings so tenaciously to the crevice. of the larger stones that no ordinary amount of rocking will separate it from them, and the stones may be thus thrown away with no inconsi derable quantity of the dust elingino to the sides. The day should perhaps be steeped in a trough, or better still, dealt with; in some kind of a puddling. The Louisa Creek, so Warns on account of the cut, is a tributary of the Naroo ; but here the diggings are on a table land some distance from the stream. The history of the cut is, I presume, too well known for me to repeat. I will only mention that, while staying at the commissioner's, I saw several times the black who pointed it out to Dr. Kerr, and having squandered his reward, he was cutting bark for the barracks at 4d. a sheet. Another magnificent nugget, valued at, I believe, 1,3001., was found some months after by Brenun's party, and ass- 'era' smaller ones since. A company is now working a half-acre claim in this locality, so that the diggers have been driven from the choicest part. Their average get up to the time of my leaving was 10 oz. a day, with 30 men employed, I who received 21.5.. wages and rations. This is much above the average of the previous diggers, showing the great ad vantage of system. I had the pleasure of dining with the company on Christmas-day off rout beef and plum pudding, the thermometer being 100 deg. in the share. About ~d miles from Bathurst are the Abercrombie diggings. The river may be described as the Turon on a grand seek, the mountains loftier, creeks and gullies deeper, and river • more important stream. Its geological features are pre cisely similar, consisting of slate, alternating with trap and porphyry, and that peculiar gravel deposit under which such abundance of gold has been discovered at the Turon is to be seen cropping out at many points on the river ; but the work at the Abercrombie is mere hen-scratching com pared to the Herculean labours at the Turco. But it would be tedious and impossible to go through the long list of diggings, and the probability is that in the out-of-the-way valleys and gullies there are yet other generally unknown ones where many a digger may be rocking his cradle and saving his license fee. The ones I have mentioned are the chief in New South Wales. Ot Victoria I can only speak from report. The first account of its gold fields which reached New South Wales were quite unwarranted by facts, so that for some time all Victoria gold sews was received with discredit. It has since, however, been ineontestibly shown that their mines are the richest : they are nearer, too, to the capita, wheel la part accounts kr the greater yield, as it was shoat drained of its gegialation, while Sydney was at no lime perhaps MOM all• decimated. Buninyong was the int discovered. It h sheet 40 sides from Geelong, and is dadeibed es on the edge etas open forest in the midst of a =t agricultural solantry. A pretty valley, clothed Mr on eithe4 with a verdant meadow s p rea d eel at the bottom, which ripples a stream li m pid prabablitil the awe gold gave tt a colour and con eigtoway more resembling pea-soup. On one aide a little resod hill projects into the basin, and Is honeycombed with holes eight feet square. Mount Alexander la more to the earth, and as in New South Wales, it seems the elaileat yield of gold Is obtained from • strata et Wee slay found at • depth of from 2 feet to 9 feet. rem these circumstances it will readily be imagined that them are two kinds of diggings—river diggings and dry diggings: at the dey diggings, away altogether from the dm" VII meat be head me the surface. But we will =a preys( illptere ever all the didlculties of th e I arrived on the gold field. toles" they are so leelmeht se to have arrived at • time when some new dig gings ham been discovered and before all the claims are anapied, they will have to prospect in search of one: ea while some are left la charge of the property, °then pro dded with pickaxe, spade, and prospecting pan, start on the prospecting tour: the pan is merely a large round fiat bottomed shallow tin dish, into which, as soon as they come to what they consider • good place, they will throw • spade fal of earth and stooge—carrying it down with them to the stream, they will here dip it into the water and shake it, thus allowing the particles of gold, if there, to descend by their weight through the upper layer of agitated earth and stones, then boltUng it so that the water may carry off the earth through which it will have passed, they again dip it in the water and repeat this simple process until the earth is all carried away and the gold only left. As soon as they find it in what they consider paying quantity, they will choose some convenient place on the stream where they may esta blish their cradle. The cradle is exactly the same thing u the common domestic article, with an upright wooden handle attached to it, and is used solely as a convenient machine for rocking an iron sieve placed at one end of it. flied Under the sieve is in the cradle • board sloping down wards, with • °maple of ledges across dividing it into three nearly equal parts. The earth and stones are thrown into the sieve, when the cradle ought to be vigorously rocked, water being White time poured on so as thoroughly to sepa rate the mud, clay, and earth from the stones. When this is done, a gleam Is sufiloimst to tell if there are any nuggets of gold among the stones—theugh, for that matter, the risk of throwing them away without looking would not be very great, so rarely is it the case that there are ' any. The sieve is thee filled again, the cradle rocked, the stones thrown out, and the process repeated until the accumulation of mud at the ledges is considered sufficient, which is then carefully scraped away, and the gold pi c k e d out. Frequently there is none, sometimes only a few grains, but occasionally many ounces are taken out. In the cue of dry diggings that we have been supposing, the soil will of course have to be carried some distance to the cradle at the stream, and if not hemmed in by other claims the diggers will extend their operations at the surface, to save labour, unless they find the yield as they go down more than compensates. But river claims are considered the most valuable, and here it is not such a rine gun non to procure gold at the surface, because they look to the holes and crevUu in the original rock bed of the stream—pockets as they call them—for the chief reward of all their toil in reaching it. So the prospecting party will most likely direct their steps to the river, and examine well a its peculiarities. I'erhaps they will choose soma premising bar, where if with the prospecting dish they procure gold in any tolerable quantity it sett l es t h e po i nt at once, so d t h ey will bring down the cradle, pitch their tent, life. But the soil may be gravel, and they eau scarcely then expect to procure gold, by washing, near the surface ; for the gravel [King easily separated by the current will have allowed the gold to pay through to the bed of the stream ; but if after removing the top stoma that almost invariably find their way to them: bats they reach a tenacious clay, as it will never in all probability have been thoroughly dol lintegrated by the current, they may calculate on hutting gold at once. A blue e: iy a-yeti:illy is considered very prouthing, tleni4h it give. et ours a great deal of treuale I in the washing, being exceedingly difficult to get thoroughly away from the stones stud pebble. that it clings to so tenaciously. If they determine upon working this bur they will dig a trench, and by the aid of heel' troughs divert the stream. They will then dig till they reach the original bed, alter removing in their way to it enormous Oahe and atones—a labour which is nut unfrequeutly for nothing. Or the party niay choose some bank or emir over which at some ancient date the ' hen flow e d. Here they will uutice where the paint would have been, and pr)bably sill chewy the spot where they think the eddy caused by it has existed. Should they not procure gold at the surface they may yet, according to circum stances, determine to work it, and very often holes twenty feet deep and upwards may be seen, out of which nut a par ticle has ever been procured. As before, they will ail; till they reach the original bed, and should they be so fortunate as to obtain a grad yield Irons its pock.-to, following their direction, they will tunnel under the adjoining banks. Sometimes it happens that while in one bole Ituudreds of pounds worth are thus practised in sue clay, the next claim will have yielded nothing. Many indeed work for weeks without meeting with any SUM.... During last winter the welts St known fur twenty years at the mints, the working of the bed claims has been meet seriously impeded; in fact, it has been impossible to work slime sal them at gal fur months together; but this circumstance so unfavourable to the New South Wale. diggers, has proved quite the reverse to those at work on Moat Alexander, noto rious so it is in ordinary actions for its want of water: even before I lift Sydney this complaint 111118 again abroad, and I hear that sixty men from Sydney hod re turned disappointed in consequence. It would be extra malt' desirable to determine hew far mining, ii. at present carried on, partakes of the nature of a lent ry ; but the data are an contradictory, exaggerated, and inaccurate, that this is almost impossible: still 1 believe the prevalent hope., stews to he unwarranted by (acts : it is very questionable whether the acted gross yield of the Mint's has as yet et/mantel the expense incurred in consequence of their discovery—isolated facts, account* of individual outcry create undue impres sions, people are apt to forget the oblivion that attends failure in reading the glowing accounta of nor suddenly en- richest. Now .here have been numerous failures at tell the diggings, even at Mount Alexander; b.t there are MO cer tain data by which we can arrive at the average earnings The licensee issued afford no clue, us at one time only a pear tion of the diggers took them out, and it can scarcely be doubted that in the numerous out of the way vallies, there is many • digger rocking his cradle and saving his license lee. We can only surmise them from the accounts of the diggers themselves: the average carninga of the lir-t 400 at Ophir appear to have been about 10s. • day; but their success was most unequal. Mr. Forbes gives .t as his opinion that where one gets 201. or 301., Al) earn Ida a day, ant: 41 scarcely their rations. Later still a newspaper corn -pen dent estimates the • ge eaniings at al. • wee k, and 8 rya no one would Oct it above 31.; few rated the ivt 1 . 3g0 earnings at the 'l'uron above U. per week. At Lour,' Creek, the correspondent of the Empire puts it at 10.. a day per man, when successful ones were getting • quarter of an ounce daily, and scores not earning rations; at Braidwootl, at the best time, li.. to 314. At Mount Alexander Wine esti mate it to have been at one time as high us 31. a day per man ; but the commiesiouers at the sante time puts it at limn his. to 30s. Comparing all the 'mount., it see-ma probable that at a time when the mail and weekly escort were bringing down between 5,000 and 6,000 ounce.. weekly, the number engaged in mining operations approached at least 24000; but failures were very . numerous, so many totally unfit far the work engaged in it, to say nothing of other causes. lacked, generally, I do not ttiuk the ht character of the only prper persons to emigrate can be too strongly insisted on. Botli in Australia and New Zealand I have met mart' who should never have left their own country." The CHAIRMAN said that he felt much indebted to Mr. Shilling, in common with the meeting, but would feel obliged if he could throw any light on • fart which had been communicated to him. A friend had sent out SOO sovereigns as a venture to purchase gold, and the result of the transaction, after paying all expames, was a profit of only 11. 15s. lid. Mr. SHILLING suggested that the gold might not have been properly *wiped. 'there was only one person in Sydney who kuew how to assay gold. A Gentleman present read extracts from a Sydney paper just received, to show that there were numbers of persons out of employment there, and seeking it at small salaries, also that the average earning was about an ounce and a quarter per week per man. From this paper the gentlemau in reefed that wages had not risen at Sydney. Mr. SHILLING said when he lett Sydney Ireful; biro rising rapidly. Tinmen got W. per week, and bakers 21. Mr. S. SYDNEY said there was no doubt there was ample employment in Australia fur strong men, but per sons of the Getter class who thought of going out would do well to recollect that the work was something like laying gas-pipes in London. There were many young men here who dressed well but had little money in their packet. If they were not afraid when out of sight of their friends to become shepherds or bullock•driven, they might get plenty of employment and good wages. Mr. J. SAUNDERS said he had resided thirteen years in the colony, and believed that those advertisements for situations were from men of bad character, who would not get employment anywhere. (Haar.) lie believed that forty or fifty thousand hands could at this moment he absorbed by the labour of the colony without incon venience. In answer to an inquiry, two or three gentlemen simul taneously said that sovereigns were the best venture that emigrants could take with them, and Mr. Shilling added that the espense of living at the diggings was about 151. • week. Mr. FOSTER proposed a vote of thanks to Mr. Shil ling. Professor TENNENT, in seconding the vote, dwelt upon the necessity of some chemical and mineralogical knowledge, as preliminaries to the Australian voyage. Many were now going who did not k now one ore from another, and the best advice he eculd give to intending emigrants was to go down for two or three weeks to the mines of Derbyshire, or Cornwall, and there study the various processes connected with digging, washing, and smelting the ores. (Hear, hear.) The learned professor in conclusion, observed that without some previous study of this kind the emigrant from Saxony and France would have great advantages over the English, as. generally speaking they were much better educated. (Hear, he a r) The vote of thanks was then passed by acclamation, and the proceedings terminated. SOCIETY OF FRIENDS OF FOREIGNERS IN DISTRESS. Yesterday, the anniversary dinner of this society took place at the London Tavern. In the absence of the Earl of Shaftesbury, who was to have takes the chair, but who, e h ni ap been honoured with her Majesty's commands, was to dine at the Palace, his Excellency the Che • taller lumen presided. Amongst the company present, which consisted for the mat part of Germans, were the Ho n . Abbott Lawrence th e Minister of the U n it e d S ta k e, Vis count d'Alto, Ba ron de Berg, Cid. J. Aspinwall, the Che valier Hebeler, the Danish Consul-General, Fletcher Wil son, Esq., and Dr. Adam, of Bremen. After the usual loyal toasts had been drunk and duly honoured, Mr. CVPFLZY, one of the stewards, proposed the health of the foreign emperor., kings, and princes, and their representatives in this country, with which he coupled the nerve of the Hon. Abbott Lawrence'. Hr. LAWIIKNoi, in returning thanks, said that his friend and colleague, the chairman, would bea r hi m witness that it involved no mall amount of responsibility to represent one's own country; but when all the emperors add kings and princes of k.urope were placed on h. a shoulders in ad dition, he hardly know how to thank them for the com pliment. (Laughter.) He appeared there not as the representative of his country, some of whose citizens he was glad to say came to ask charity for the wciety, but as • citizen of the world, to express hi s s y mpat h y 'for the objects of the society, and because he came from a country which was inhabited by all nations and creeds and kindreds. He came there as a Christian man, to express his sympathy with the distioased of all nations, and for that mighty Gestamn--empire, he was going to say—for empire he wbbod it wee. (Loud cheers.) Ho should be glad to see 1111,400,000 of men united in the great cause of promoting Ikt eivilization and amelioration of their fellow men . MM.) But the object for which they had awembled on this aliall111•111111 to promote the prosperity of the weiety, And bit weld name no society in which so muc h goo d h a d Mss effected by the moans at its disposal. He therefore Wooled that on this occasion they would strike their hands dor:into their pockets. (Cheers.) CHAMMAN then proposed the toast of the evening, " The Prosperity of the Society of the F r i en d s of Foreigners in Distr.-se. - During the put year 82 aged pensione , s had received de. a week, which amounted to 1,0031. Allowances had been given to 98 persons to the amount of 4371. 10s. The canna relief given amounted to 7021. Bs. The passage money of 118 persons renaming to their own countries, had been paid to the amount of 1781. 18e. Altogether, casual relief had bees given in, 1,883 cases dunng the past year, and of awes no lees than 1,072 were Germans. He thought this circumstance should stimulate the natives of Germany, who had the means of doing so, to come for ward and aid to the utmost of their power the Society of the Friends of Foreigners in Distress. They expected a consi derable increase of income from the influx of foreigners duriag the bet year, but he regretted to say that their beg. Ikeil Wet disappointed ; for whilst - - - feesigasee lead remained coign ben visitors did not advanced lost year, make up for the past present a:elision. (Cheers., 'rh• toast was drunk wit' quently announced by that the subscriptions The other toasts of dents of the society," _ of the regiment., of Guards a selection of music - Gene, contributed to minted; for whilst maziydiStre;;el ed behind after the /I:hit:idiom, the re- lit not exceed 161. The society • mr, but he trusted that they tat year b 7 increased • • • • .; beers k wit h enthusiasm, and fl the chairman, . amidst. • . 1 ‘) • I amounted to 2,6291. ft,,,VVZ • 1 the evening were "T „ and "The stewards." f . • r . 41 nerds was in attendance, •i. . . under the superinten , , a . • • - ) the pleasure of the eve •'" wli •-• • SOUTH AUSTRALIAN COMPANY. The sixteenth general annual meeting of this company was held yesterday at the offices, 4, New Broad street, Caty. In the absence of lt. Todd, Esq., the chair- Mall of the company, from illness, EDWARD DITRIT, Esq., presided. The report stated that the affairs of the company had steadily improved in the past year. It had been stated by their ageut in Adelaide, Mr. Odes, in a letter, dated 9th and 10th January, that considerable commercial distress existed, caused by previous overtrading and an extravagent speculation in mines for several yean past. This distress had been aggravated by the effects of the astounding die coveries of gold in the adjacent colonies, above 6,000 of the population, chiefly of Adelaide and the neighbourhood having left fur the diggings. The return of about 70 men from Melbourne, a few days prior to the date of three ad vices, bringing with them 18,0001. worth of gold, after about six seeks' or two months' labour, had greatly in creased the excitement. Mr. Giles, however, obeervt• that a great majority of those who had left the colony had sig nified their determination to return to it as their home as soon as their pockets were filled ; and he adds, what must be gratifying to all the proprietors, that, "up to that date. very few of the company's tenants had actually departed." Thu directors had been prepared for this, end their affairs were in such a state that they would not suffer permanently from the present embarrassment. The statements of ac count received trout the colony, made up to the 31st Oc tober, 18.51, manifest a progressive increase of the rentals— the main source of the company's revenue. The total value of the company'• lands, buildings, &c., accordit.g to inven tories which had been made, amounts to 319,6431. 7s. 7d. There bad been an actual decrease of 5,1371. 13e. 9,1. on the valuations of 1830, which sum they have carried to the il, bit of ' Property reserve fund.' leaving still a balance at the credit of that account of 21,3221. Os. 3d. to meet any possible depreciation hereafter. The following is the amount received on account of rent, &J., during the year ending 31st October, 1851, via., from couutry lands, 10,220!. Os. sd. ; town lands, 3,1581. 14s. 10,1. ; port property, 3,6081. 10.1. 7d.; wharfage receipts, 3,193/. 160. Id.; mineral rents, royalties, &c., 2501.; making a total of 20,4311. Is. lid., which is au increase of 1,9451. M. Bd. over the amount of the previous year. Additional leases of 3,5961 acres of the country lands have been granted during the year, also of a few portions of acres of the town and port lands, which make the actual amount of ' the rent rolls at the same date, '21,091 , . 17s. liki. The sales of country lands have amounted to 827 acres, of which 191 acres have been purchased by tenants exer cising their right of pre-emption ; 161 sexes have been sold at an advance of 20s. per acre over the previous valuation, and 472 acres sold at Mount Gambier Sheep stations, all of which were noticed in the report presented to the last general meeting. Of the town lands, only a few small portions of acres have been sold at a considerable advance upon the inventory rates; about 6 acres of the port lands, as stated in the report of 26th December :sat, and 16 acres of the mineral lands in the township of Kan mantoo, at 10s. per acre. These sales altogether yield a clear profit of 5,1741. 13s. 91. Mr. Giles had purchased during the year 7791 acres of good agricultural land, at the average price of 265. sd. per acre. These sections are principally situate on the Tema', and are fur the most part contiguous to your other lands in that locality. Since the closing of the accounts, he advises a further purchase of 320 acres of good land, at the upset price of 20s. per acre. The total number of acres possessed by the company at 31st October last was 57,233, being 611 acres less than at the same date ie 1850. It has since been increased by {he purchase of the 310 acres above referred to. There are 40,685 acres leased and occupied by 476 tenants ; 15,865 acres were under crops; 1,738 acres fallow; and 32,536 acres substantially fenced ; end it may with truth be stated, that at no former period have the company's tenants been in a more prosperous condition ' and their land in a better state of cultivation. With regard to mining operations, which had been limited, the expenditure during the year has amounted to 4,0911. 14s. 11d., and there had been raised 662 tons of copper ore, valued at 3,4311. 12s. Id., leaving a balance of 6631. 2.. 10d. against the mine. Fifty eight tons of copper have already been received and sold in this country, realising the sum of 4,1601. 6e. 10d., and another shipment of about fourteen tons is daily expected. It had been decided to stop all further expenditure at Kanniantoo mine after April, 1853. The returns from the wharves and warehouses at Adelaide have been satisfactory. With regard to emigration it was stated that since September last, upwards of 2,600 emi grants have been scut out by her Majesty's Commissioners, and about 600 are now being dispatched by them every month to Adelaide. This is altogether independent of the emigration going forward from other parts of the ooustry, and on such a scale s& to Justify the hope that the, dr ai n of the population towards the gold regions will be, to a great extent, supplied. By the statement of accounts there appeased a nett in come of 20,693!. 19e. 4d., out of which a dividend of five per cent., or twenty-five per share, was recom mended, after which there would be a surplus of 4,0971. les. Bd. ThaHALRMAN, Indere IIIOVI&If the adoption or the report, called in the Ikaireemy W mimes extracts from e despatch reesagy resaleal has their spat at Adelaide, Willa were to 1M ilikol/14 effect : The first wand. Wei Aaiun 23, stated " that about 50,0001. is add bid bees brought by diar s i t aat e l d fistesia, to m laa island ; bat the nn had seek la vain rid of it that ft wen *meld they would be to take it bask." Meese" extract stated " that two of the coespany's nsiassawilt thaw other wen, had per to the Mount Alen erease aml in wpm days had wiled Mite. troy of raaspastad the nut Mot days to earn l. Masi fa with." *MOM talsoni, dated January 2S stated " that it was that then should be sia overland sweet boo AMA& to Mount Alexandre an dig Font, by width ra digests Ths most, hid boa saner& by the Sawn awilliimpss sad was Saud ponsllsobis, and it was st. that water would bo Mad Maas it. Than was ea astmoNsa swag the Muses to wads awn from their bums peromently, and the woman owl had an bun kit Witted, the labours= inwedias ts return by seed dim It wsly therefore, baps& that the wsjortty et tbe anon wes is •kw molts, return to their lee:lowa remit& iltaisilsal geld was amid at Bi. 11s. per es.' Ths report having bass oral to, Tits CHAIRMAN, ia waving that a dividend of 6 per mt. be dasisrad, said that bat ym saws lops had bean WM out M ou is as di whisk wat t possibly haw bass poll, bet it was thaw& nr ws t in the 'prom{ *ls of minas in the abbey, mate vide up to the I Idris tbrtvat?by) was _ !be dillawd - at 6 p - ai - esal. was Ikea weed te. The palkii dime= awl amass von ragiselal, sad, adlar a "Me at emits le ea slaloms sod Mambos, the staatiag easehttled. PRESENTATION IT THE 111440NEN OHM FRENCH. —Her Ileacety Wages Merle Awls his PPP se be pre sented NKr. R. T. Way, of Deep by libs Waal of ties. Dupe. • aissasaff pia, so • Dee p by ths balks nip taiaed bylaw Mierstp of the put Paean pig Whim to her MEOW sod ibipdases rd phisiossi Pr dila= es their hst yak Whip, sad us OF pandoss esissiess whoa the royal hartßy pond lime IP balm THE FATAL OCCUREENOII OW THE ATLIII3I7IT BRAN= OF mu NORTE WISTARW RAILWAY.—ATLIII ▪ WIDWRIDAT, JUNI 16.—This forenoon, at 10 o'closk, the ovum for Buckinghamshire, Mr. Joseph Parrs% sad thejtuy smi paselled es eatiuday last to inves tigate the talks t Gawp Also, the guard killed by the estrawal auffilisat Phi Ma phase es the lbw of the Aylesbury Railway, c e t Ptl roPissebied at the Ayles• bury Alms Inn, at earths purpose of farther quantity dal inquiry. jua tow sai ssi bes . PE • large quantity of evidence, retwseff tho qmslideurillet —" We Sat that the deeps& assup ape by his death ea P ky Jams the 11th, by asslibeal eircust- Posse, asssequesee of the terns ot the taals of which he woe Puma jumping of th e late of the Aylesbury Railway. TY Jury think that, pas to the day subsoil, the rails sail shapers require ecusliat sandiest sad tare, sad that It from tat pikes* that then le ad ki pious wMsfa ballast shove the day. That du am wear spit, the Joysuadaske that thsis slm= PPP Paps Plea TIP so estleadory ree -les weeds( Is the (Pisan ear the asps puke off the *spry us pals Masse Ss sa Par oesclusion am to imps WY aims Idiot se with the rails Of the Popp is this seighbeurboal of the saddest." Tke isquhT, whisk exited considerable interest, then ter skated. OILEAT WESTERN RAlLWAY.—Yestorday, in the Lords, the preamble of thia bill for additional powers for construction of the Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton Railway, and other purposes, was declared proved.