The Express. — London, England, 1848-04-24 00:00:00

• 4' I S G:~=~ I r ------ 11%11'ERIAL PARLIAMEN'F. ROUSE OF LORDS.—SATURDAY, APRIL 22. The Loan CiIANCBLLoa too BUSIhNk is seat at 2 o'clock. PUBLIC ESS. PETITION. —By Lord cm...5..t, from • lodge of OdA Fellows In, the county of Kent, In favour of the bill for legalising Odd Fellow* Societies. the P A PERS PRESENTED. —The Mescals of Letsvowifit pemented pipers relative to th e nce and commeree of °ellen, sad the cus toms duties of Bi itish poweeslons. NOTICE OF MOTION.— M ID Evelio (lamAeo) Bic, The Lose Cwiscnitoa, on Monday, May 3, to move Die re-committal of this bilL ROYAL ASSENT. The royal anent win given by commission to the following bills, via.: The Crown and Government Security Bill, the Exchequer Bills Bill, the Mutioy Bill, the acmeM Mutiny Bill, the Borough Police Superannuation llic Works Completion (Ireland) Bill, Leases of Mines (Ireland) Bill, and the Kettering . Small Tenements Bill. The lords comeniuionen were the Lord Chancellor, the Marquis of Lansdowne, the Marquis of Clanricarile, the Earl of Shaftesbury, aid Lord Campbell. The house, on the motion of the Marquis of LANeDOWN I , adjourned until Thursdey, the 4th of May. HOUSE OF COMMONS.—SATURDAT, APRIL 22. The SF BARRA took the chair at 2 o'clock. PUBLIC B U SINESS. NOTICE 3 OP WiTlON.—Parien. AND Diceamix.—Mr. UMW MAST. on the 16th of May, to move for papers relating to the affairs of. Itarawicsvainni or TIM PROP,- -Mr. .Iliac on the gird of May, to Ming this su b jec t under consideration PRIM'S rams 1.1111111,1.—Mr. W. P. Woolf., on the 23rd of May, to ca ll attention to a petition presented by him from Peortirs. REPEAL OF THE UNION. Sir G. GREY having moved that the house at its rising do adjourn to Monday , the Ist of May, Mr. M. J. O'CONN ELL rove to m ake some observation s on what had been laid by the noble lord the first minister of the crown on th day of the last meeting of the house.re - observationse were calculated to create great misapp on in Ireland. Ireland had, no doubt, been made the itebank of political ponies in this country, and as long • contined to e the case they could not be sue t the ta d nten D t that prevailed there. The noble been represented to say that he would repel by a ttempts that were ma de to repeal the union. M. J. O'Connell) aid not so understand the noble understood him to my that attempts to repeal the r force would be met by measures of a similar cha . He then proceeded to express hie regret that the government had not gone further in carrying out remedial measures for Ireland. They promised much when out of office, but performed very little when is it. The bon. gentleman then referred to various measures having gefer sure to Ireland, and was proceeding, when ' , Le A. CLIFFORD, the Gentleman Usher of the Black Appeared in the house, and, advancing to the table, tinhe par of a commission, the attendance of the the t Howe of Peers, to hear her Majesty's assent i to several bills. A members return, .he SP PAKER announced that certain bills (for which Lords' report) had received the royal assent. --. M. J. O'CONNELL then re tamed his observations. G. GREY said his noble friend hod been misrepre• . if any such statement had been made of his speech ea *vaunted by the hon. gentleman. What his noble friend said had been perectly constitutional. With regard to •her observations f he declined on that occasion to dia . in th• municipal halls and other places where the royal bust was usually seen. In the third number of the Revue Retrospec sons tive, w hich has just a ppeared, amongst the list of per to whom payments were made trom the secret service mosey, is the name of Slind worth down for 6,950 f. A note, referring to the grant to this gentleman, says : " The following letter will show in what way this per son was employed," and then the subjoioed document is given, dated ha. 21, 1848 : Monsieur le President du Conseil —My father desires me to trsnamit to your excellency the following information : A person, who has lived for a great number of years en in. Ornate terms with M.Thiers, had the other dly • converss. Lion with that gentleman, of which the following ar is e the principal pain's:—M. Thies said, " The country ad vancing with giant strides to a catastrophe, which will burst forth, either before the King's death, if that prince lives to a great age, or some time after the King's death. There will be a civil war, a revision of the charter. and perhape even a change of persons ea& high position. The country will not support a regency, unless something greed be effected to raise the character of the nation. King Louis Philippe has nothing founded; be leaves to his family the most arduous task to maintain itself. If Napoleon 11. was still olive, he would replace themesnt King on the throne. For my part, I am quite disguswith every thing, tone F not have anything : Europe will again find this nation in its way. Until the King's death there is nothing tO be done. Guizot must remain, but he must be prevented from following up his plan to draw closer to the continertal powers. We must impose on him the policy which he ought to follow with foreign powers—must alarm him with the chamber and the country. It is for that that 1 will ascend the tribune, and oppose him to the utmost possible extent, both on the Italian and Swiss question." My father guarantees to your excellency the exactitude of the preceding information, and requests you to have the kindness to keep the matter secret. Deign to receive, Monsieur le President du Conieil, a re , of my entire devotedness. hour given them by the troops to capitulate. Th e civic guard were disarmed. The Duke of Oldenburg is anonsly ill. Until his recovery he has given e p the reins of government to his son. AUSTRIA.. —We have dates to the 18th from Vienna. The Wiener Zeitistag of that day contaias the official declaration of the Emperor, stating that an the petition of his faithful states and of the duchy of Styria, and after hearing the council of ministers. his Majesty is resolved to grant his faithful sableete of Styria a participation of the protections of their property, combined with the removal of certain posts, which are considered especially oppressive. The monster meeting which was got up by a party of demagogues, who incited the working classes to make a violent attack upon the palace, and to form the emperor not only to dismiss the hitherto unpopu lar minister, but to grant everything which the emu. varies had expressed in a petition, and demanded with weapons in their hands, has been most pro i. dentially overcome. The minister of the interior, supported by a committee, resorted to very energetic measures. The national guard was called out, pis,. cards were issued, prohibiting the meeting, and the 'meeting did not take place. Ihis and the publication of the new code of the constitution, which will ap pear this week, has tended greatly to quiet the public mind. The Gallician deputies have returned to Cracow without having received a favourable answer from the Emperor of Austria. SWITZERLAND.—Advioes from Berne to the 17th have been received. The Diet bad a secret sitting ea the 14th upon the dimand of the King ot Sardinia that Me Swill. confederation should march 30,000 men into Loci. hardy and keep ar. serve of 20,000 on the frontier. A com• mittee was appointed on this whose report was expected to be presented on the 17th. At the date of the last accounts this report had nut been presented. HOLLAND. THE HAGUE, APRIL 21.—This morning the remain% of his p aced igeis Prince Alexm. der of the Netherlands were in the royal tomb at Delft, in presence of the Prince of Orange and Prince Henry of the Netherlands. An immense concourse of person were prellOPC DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES.—We have dates from Hamburg to the 21A ; and new. from Rendshurg of April 18 says: The Hanoverian General Halkett a appointed command , r-in4hief of the allied army, that is of the Germanic contingent, as well as the Prusei.m, Schles wig, and Holstein troops. Prince Rachiwil will commend one brigade, and the l'rince of Schleswig-Holstein Sonder ta..rg the other. The Duke of Brunswick will have no com mand. The Danes have sent sensed vessels into the West Sea in order to intimidate the Island of Spit. The Copia. hagen newspapers stele the determination of the King, in the event of the l'runian troops not immediately evacuating the duchies, to issue lettere of marque, capture the ships, and lay an embargo on all Prussian property within his dominions. EltAZlLS.—Dates to the 3rd March have been received. Ev2llll,llge ruled at 271.1. of the crov Those oboe i hension in t! mounteban I as that co prised at ' I lord had force any He (Mr. lord; he 1 union by I . racter. I governme i ' measures office, bi. i gentlernas 1 core to Ii Sir A. j Rod, &PI desired, r house in s , given to On me :,' The S' . i see Lord hlr. Itl Sir G. seated it I that wst had said ) , the othe i cuss the M r. A and deb oroe. Mr. i house) place, a ' field, Iv hoped . I ' roll I with: lish p their is missios he call If —and Ili , Tel take b which i i t and at was of to the • I veil e th &Iwo, avoid i laugh what 1 to ref shout right apr o s to br 1 mist M Si : I M Id Pain i a ram 1 1 nou by 1 i! out S I i 4 : dra per' asso stn 1 I I the del I As be, lot 1 , rel th tr 2 eft. , th 1 en th w 1; sil i it t ',I N d c I 8 1 1 i 1 1 I . •. ; I , , I, 1 I , . I i , 1 . ' i ; . . I ii i , . , 1 . , . • N , , THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, APRIL 24, 1848. them. r. ANSTEY entirely confirmed the right hon. baronet, defended Ins own consistency in not voting for ph - lice F. O'CONNOR (from the ministerial !idea onother the adverted to Lord Brough am's s p eech , and reminded the noble lord that in 1831, at Wake he had, in an ad tress to the mob, declared that " he football I the day would co me when kings' heads would in the gutter for t he bo y s to play With regard to Ireland, he said the En go g. peo ple knew nothing a bout it,' and they t Aeir information from the worst source. When • " com missioner " for one of the morning papers Irelan d,o called upon him (Mr. O'Connor) nt his hotel—ta laugh) and offered to send him articles for the Northern could Star. reply was that that would be unnecessary, for he take his facts from the morning newspaper in question ; to which the re:ly was, " Oh, should write one thing fur you, -4 another for them." That was the way that intormation , obtained fr,.m Ireland. The hon. member then adverted the Crown and Government Security Bill, and said the ty• wern ment had perpetr ted treason against her Majes Is then referred to the hon. m.rnber r Kerry. Ile h 'oad Tways, be said, disliked paid agitato.s. He had always avoided being one himself a s much as he possihly co uld. (A %ugh.) He then eulogised Sir G. Grey. With regard to chat Sir It. Peel said to him the other night, he had only to reply that as the first minister of his Satanic majesty should be subtle and cunning he should recommend the right hon. baronet as by far the most capable person for the appointment, Lord ARUNDEL asked when the hon. member intended A bring in the Land Companies Bill which he had pro mised t (Hoar, hear.) Mr. F. O'CONNOR replied after Eater. Sir G. GREY'S motion was then agreed to. MR. CHARLES COCHRANE'S PROCEEDINGS. Lord M. HILL said ch. re appeared in one of the morning papers of that day en advertisement from Mr. Charl•Cach rane, in which he stated that a procession which he an nounced to take place on Easter Monday had be was the en that ease ? Sir G. GREY said his 'Version had that morning been drawn to an advertisement professing to proceed from the person in question, who at. ted that 90,000 persons would be assembled at his mandate, and would walk through the atreeta of London on Monday, carrying fire pictures with them, and that the Sant .ry of State had " consideratey" declared that he shoul d offer no opposition to the procenion. As far as the last statement was concerned, he (Sir G. Grey) begged to 'say that it was totally without the shadow of a foundation. r Hear, bear.) The police commissioners had received instructions to prevent any such procession passing through the streets of London, to the stoppage and injury of trade and commerce, and they were quite prepared to take effectual steps to atop it. (Hear, hear.) He would only add, that with reapect'to the subjset on which Mr. Cochrane was endeavouring to create an agitation—namely, the state of the vagrant laws—it was one deserving attention, and that it was already under the consideration of the chief commis sioner of poor laws. ALIEN BILL. Mr. litiME asked what course would be adopted respect ina the Alien Bill? Sir G. GREY said it stood fur second reading on the Ist of May. EVICTION OF TENANTS IN IRELAND. Sir G. GREY then moved for leave to rings n a bill fo their the protection and relief of poor per:cies eviefrom dwellings in Ireland. The right hon. baronet said the object of the bill would be to limit the hours during which notice the process could be served , to require that seven days' should be given to parties intended to be evicted, and to render it necessary that notice should be given to the board of guardians prior to eviction, in order that they might provide for those -vho were shelterless. Leave was given, and the bill PTCY woo ‘ub LAW.sequently brought in. BAN KRW In reply to a quesvon, Sir Ci. GREY said, a measure respecting the bankruptcy laws was under consideration. ua rter past three to Mond a y The kuuse adjourned at a q the lot of May. _ _ the erpreso. MAILS. The overland closed mails, ens Mareeillm, to tbe Mediterranean, Egypt, ,tden, Ceylon , India, n o on-hang, 5.e., will be made up on the evening of the 24th April. The mails for Vigo, Oporto, Liubon, Madeira, Cadiz, and Gibraltar will be made up on the morning of the 27th April. Th e mail. for Nes, south Wales, Tan Diewan's Land, and New Zealand will be made up on the everting of the 30th April. The mails for the %St st , opt of Africa and Madeira will be made I wpm the evening of the 30th April. The West Intim MaiL,, including Bermuda, Nassau, Havanna, Honduras, New Orleans, Vera Cruz, Tampico, and Porto Rico and excluding thoso for Madeira, JACMCI, Carthagena, Banta Miirtha, Chsgres, Panama, West Coast of South America, and tit. Juanale. Nicaragua, will he made up on the evening of the 2nd May. The overland mails lot Gibraltar, Malta, Greeee,Rm lonian Islands, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, Hong-Kong, and Cluna, a n Southamp ton, will be made up on the morning of the 3rd May. The mails for the Braziln, the River Plato, Stoats Vi ade up deo, Pelllllthe 01. b uco . Bahia, Madeira, and B uenos Ayres, will be mon evening of the 4th May. The mail. for British North America, zeal the United Slates, will be mad* up on the evening al the sth May. NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS. The number of STAMPS issued by the authorities of the Stamp numb, during 1847, to the DAILY NEWS was .......... 3,447,009 This, we believe, is within eight per . tent of the number ! issued to the Morning Herald, M orning Chronicle, and Morning Pat, ALL PVT TOOETHEIL In addition to the above, issued to the DAILY NEWS, Morning Paper, there were issued for the Evening Edition, THE EXPRESS 778,714 Which was more, we believe, than were issued either to the Globe or Standard, Evening Papers. TO CORRESPONDENT& oe Adthrttlemeat. Int.,lea for "The The..." iwee...b. eh. , too. t be at The odic., tO. flatware...twat, sr Two delete es Ow day of aublwatioo. - - 111014 WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Two —Morale& If Ea... V.. 30.55550. 3S ids. pad S. To-rosso•—)terelsag. 14 ob. pow 5. Monaco, i 7 AAA. pso LONDON MONDA proc Y, rastination APRIL 24.\ ONIE great evil of political is, that what might be dote with general approbation to an ticipate public distress, is often apt to be regarded with suspicion by the parties it is meant to benefit, when distress has actually come upon the country. It is thus with emigration. It has been pressed upon government as a means of keeping the balance of capital, labour, and the field of profitable exertion properly adjusted since 1836. It has been urged upon government with less definite and matured views of its mode of operation since 1820. But no comprehensive measure adequate at once to the means and the wants of this country has to this day been brought forward by government. And in the ......-•-ei." .--- " — ' --- season of pressure which has visited us, and is likely to last for some time longer, to talk of 1 emigration as a remedy is to incur the risk of being , suspected by the poor of a wish to get rid of them on I any terms and under any pretext. rd it must be confessed that last year s mortality among the Irish emigrants, and the precautionary measures which' have been adopted by our Aareri colonies to ke . ep l , pestilence from their doors, ot unlikely to give countenance to the imagination. And yet there is a field in the oft lands of our coloniern by the proper cultivation ich we might render pauperism in Englaud as limited in extent and as easily manageable as it is found to be in America. Our waste lands in North America, at the Cape of Good Hope, and in South Australia, might be to this co untry what the backwoods and prairies are to the U n ited States. From England to South Afriandca, or may to 1, Australia, is a less difficult and dangerous, be made a less costly, journey, than from the Eastern I se a-board of the United States to Oregon. From Eng land to any part of our Canadian territory is a less difficult journey than in the memory of our grand fathers was that from London to Orkney. When the talk is of emi g ration as a parallel move ment to the pioneer propenshies of our Transatlantic cousins, of course our tropical colonies are out of the question. They are not lands to which the capitalist and the labourer may go forth together to found new Ithglands in distant realms. B u t our North American provinces, our South African terri tories, our Australian possessions, are all admirably suited to this purpose. There are peculiarities in the condition of each of these groups of colonies which render two of them less available at the present mo ment. These circumstances, however, will be found to be merely transitory. As soon as the disturbances lathe Kaffir frontier, which nothing but the interference of meddling and preaumptuous fanatics conld have allowed to grow up into the dignity of a Kaffir war, have been suppressed, the Cape? colony, or colonies, will take a new start and again attract emigration. When the present lack of confidence, and the remem- , b ranc e of list vear's pestilential v isitations, have ceased to shake ifie nerves of our North American fellow-citizens, the rush to the backwoods will be resumed. In the meantime, Australia opens a suffi cient asylum for those w ho find difficulty in getting on here. It is the reverse of complimentary to our colonial administration, that there should be in Australia one universal wish to receive constant supplies of fresh , emigrants, that there should be in this country multi- I tudes eagerly inquiring how they can find their way thither, and vet that the two lands thus stretching , out their hands towards each other across the ocean, cannot effectively. help each other. Wherein does, the difficulty consist? It was about the year 1830 that Mr. WAKEFIELD first developed his theory of colonisation and the Idispoeal of waste lands in the colonies. From the lessential principles of that theory we believe there are now few dissentient s. By the essential prin ciples of the theory we mean the te following n : That to ' the true and only wa y to promo emigratio is render the colonies attractive ; that to render them attrac tive, it is only necessary to render m press perous ; that the experience of all European colonies shows the elements of colonial prosperity to be—free institutions and liberal supplies of capital and labour; that an equitable mode of transkrring the waste lands held by the crown as trustee for the community to pri vate owners is indispensable to the attainment of ade quate supplies of capital and labour ; that the only way to prevent favouritism and jobbing, in the dis posal of these landsis, to make purchase the only means of acquiring them; that the way to prevent speculators , acquiring large tracts of land upon speculati.n, not to I reclaim, but to dispose of them when the value of laud rises, is to place such a price upon land as shall give the purchase the character of a bowl fide investment,', though, of course, still a much more remunerative investment than old countries afford; that the money thus raised can in no way be so profitably expended as in affording free passages from England to the colonies of labourers desti*ute of property ; that the most eligible labouring immigrants for the purposes of the colonists arc males and females in equal numbers between the ages of puberty and thirty-five. These points we regard as the sound and disti essen uistial part of Mr. WAKEFIELD'S theory. We ngh , between that theory and every attempt that has been made to act in accor dance with it. Not,only have ,the acts passed by our legislature, and the orders issaed by , our colonial department, in which many seek for the Wakefield theory, much alien and irre concileable matter in them; even in the later schemes of the New Zealand Company, which are understood to have emanated from the ingenious dis coverer of the theory himself, we find addits and ie fi neme nts upon it, not only useless but ion positively hurtful. Under this category we include all the vaunted arrangements about schools and churches, which have been made a specious attraction to the colony, and an excuse for reusing the price of la is ds. The true way, then, to prom ;te emigration to give to each colony free institutions ant a good sys tem of disposal of eve.ste lands. And in truth the two things are identical. " Free institutions for a colony" m. ens leaving the whole business of local govern ment in the hands of the colonists, and the disposal of their waste lands among the rest. This latter point is one which has been forced upon us by experience. At first we were led to wast e Mr. WAKEFIELD ' S that the disposal of the lands should be retained by the home government. The arguments for such an arrangement are specious. The waste lands of a colony ere the common property of the state which discovers and settles it. They are to be administered by the government for the benefit of all who have gone out to the colony and of ail who may hereafter go out. What a private individual acquires is his own to do what he likes with; but what remains yet in the common stock is as much the property of the stay-at home public as of the more adventurous settlers. It lhas beta acquired and must be defended at their , common cost. Now if the partitioning of these lands among settlers is left to the settlers themunwise - selves, there is great danger of au rapacity tempting those who go out first to take more than they can use, leaving none for those who are to follow. We still see this danger, but eight years experience of the management of co lonial lands by the home authorities has convinced as that entrusting it to them is a cure oftwse than the disease can p . ossibly be. The progress sound opi nions, experience of the bad consequences of over acquisition of lands, may—will, in time--bring the re sident colonists to adopt a sound system; but the red-tapists of the Colonial-offie are unteachable. You can neither impart to them the requisite prac tical knowledge of how colonial waste lands ought to be managed, nor can you give them a motive to exert themselves to acquire that knowledge and act in conformity to it. What is at present wanted, therefore, throughout the Australian settleents (New Z itealand isexpted, excepted, which has peculiaritiems in its condion) this :—Let a reasonably . extensive territory, with definite boundaries, be assigned to Sydney, Moreton Bay. Port Philip, Adelaide, and Perth ; let the whole local legislation be consigned in each settlement to one elective assembly ; let local taxation and the manage ment of the waste lands vi ithire the settlement be con fided to the same body ; let the nomination of governor remain with the crown, bat let the determination as to what ministers he is to have, and what salaries he and they are to receive, be left to the ass embly ; let the term of a governor's appointment be for so many years, with a break in the term in case he cannot contrive to govern the colony with and through the local legislature; let the crown have a veto on all legislative acts in so far as (they contain any principles irreconcileable with the law or constitution of England ; let the colonial land and emigration commissioners be charged with the superintendence of the emigration to the colonies, and with the furnishing of information to intending emi grants, and let them be remunerated for this trouble by the colonies. Under such an arrangement, the free play of enter prise, ireiligence, and industry in the colonies would mske the development of their resources as rapid as that we witness in the United States, their demand for emigrants as great; they would rapidly absorb our capitalists who fail to find investments, our la bourers who fail to find employment; and they would become markets for our produce and manufactures to an extent that would render surplus capital and labour rarer phenomena in Great Britain than they have been of late yearn. The sense of mutual interests, the asso ciations of relationship , wo uld form a stronger bond of union between the colonies and the parent state than any laws or institutions can afford. Few things are more diameragtng than to reflect on the effects that at present ate lode for the poor, contrasted'with the peaty of the results which they produce, In every direction something or another done or attempted. In allthe gristles all eplteres life men's minft arm °coupled with eoniederations as to what can best be done for the improvement of die social and moral condition of the people. It is not the philanthropist alone who makes • study of the subject. To this end the politico-economist, the eolo nig, the agriculturist, the free-trader, the currency debater, the railway projector, and a hundred others, each and all direct their thoughts. We have labour sc hemes, emigration schemes, land improonvement and projects, cheap food argum en essin one single ts, bulli a nti-bullion pamphle ts, all profg purpose—the im provement of the condition of the poor. How remarkable, moreover, are the practical efforts to the attainment of this end ! The expendi ture on charitable and philanthropic objects, how munificent; the institutions themselves, how variously adapted for the relief and succour of every class by which assistance can be needed! And yet what do all our labours end in? Increpoverty and misery, distress more general a nd more widely spread, pauperism threatening classes fancying them selves far above its reach. It is as if, amid the glare of all our rejects, orhastening affliction were sent to humble us, by ping that the dispenaations of the great Creator could not be evaded, and that " in the sweat of his brow alone shall man eat bread." Periods of distress have visited every coun of Th er e have been grievous famines after yea r s plenty, as if to warn mankind against wasteful excess and superfluous indulgence. There have been sore distresses caused by wars, as if to inculcate the bles sings of peace. Pestilence, preventing the proper cultivation of the soil, his often been followed by dreadful famine. But the distresses of our poor are occasioned by none of these causes. Their sufferings occur in the midst of abundance, and with plenty who are ready to help. An anomaly so remarkable affords a proper s ubject for study and inquiry. Among the different publications respecting popular di s t res s, which have lately reached us, is one pecu liar reference to a district which is usually considered the focus of that discontent which undoubtedly prevails in many of the manu'ac turing districts of England. Mr. J. C. \Velour, the banker at Nottingham, whose name is associated with every plan for the benefit and amelioration of society, has taken the trouble to collect from individuals of various classes, sects, parties, and positions, in erence that town and its neighbou r hood, opinions with ref to the distress that p revails there, its causes, and the consequences it is likely to produce. Mr. WRIGHT states upon the face of his pamphlet that he w as in duced to make thes e in q uiries in consequence of an opinion that the distress in Nottingham had been unusually prolonged, and continued more than ordi narily severe ; and that " a case existed not only for, an appeal to the charitable feelings of the wealthy, I but to government for decisive measures of ameliora tion." It is worth while quoting some of the replies afforded to Mr. WRIGHT. in order to enable the public I to judge of the extent of the distress with which our I I population is contending. the Rev. Mr. BROOKS, the vicar of Nottingham, a clergyman who stands deservedl y high in the local ity and in the church, makes the following statement with reference to the distress and to its political effects : 1 have no doubt that distress is the principal cause ofthe disaffection wh.ch exists in this town, of which artful dema gogues tali, advantage t, work on the minds of the needy and to render them po liticall y disaffected. Myself and curates do not unirequently in our calls have oiscumions w i t h individual chartists ; and when they are baffled in ar. foment, they generally plead " that there may . be some truth in what we state, but that it does not satisfy empty bellies," or something to that effect. I have heard them sly, when warned of the probable evil consequences of sedition and rebellion : 'Well, a man can but die once, and I would as soon die that way as by starvation." They will not go into the union workhouses, because they disfranchise therwelves thereby-they prefer to starve. I believe that a large por tion of the humbler classes in this town are now is a state of semi-starvation. I see numbers who had di cent clothes on their backs whin I first came here (April 1841, • year when there was a spurt of trade) wh o m I emo now ted. recogni One se go ing about in dirt and rags— d cia of 'lcurates who was in Ireland during the famine of that ast he y ra w no destitution in that country worse than lie has witnessed here in Notting . men ; and was surprised atthe the fu patie rniture nce w ith which it was borne. A large part of and apparel of the em ratives is pawned or sold ; and if I send my lay agent to inquire after the numerous children missing front ,chool, the cause of their absence in most instances is found to be, that they have no clothes in which to appear. I believe that the generality when th ey cannot do mo re e in than exist (especially the stockingers ) even are fell work, owing to the miserably low wages they receive, and small as they are nominally, yet pared down still lower by charges on them fur rent of frames, stauding.rooni, needles, taking in, &c. The incumbent of a district church in the town takes the same view : I verily believe that fo r the space of at least eighteen months not one half of the mechanics' families in Trinity dis trict have had more than just enough to keep them from ab solute starvation—and that generally the food of the poor inhabitants has been most unequal in ki,d and quantity to nature's requirements. I have no hesitation in saying that such a state of things must pre-dispose n to an juM in ameliora- any movement, that (however shadowy) promises tion. A starving man does not cli.cuss the principles of the party he may join ; he only hopes by their means to better his condition, which he believes cannot be remun erating I there fore, do suppose if work were abundant, and wages afforded,. we should not have the masses who now en danger our existing institutions. They enlist under the cause of the " Charter," because such is at present the stan dard of disconte : any other name or object holdin the maw position, would nt secure eq ually their attachment and 'ammo. The returns of the Nottingham Union give a re matkable roof of the increased distress of the people. It seems t h at the averag e number of persons receiving relief, was : In-door. Out-door. In 1844 10 I n 1847 This is a fearful increase ; but it becomes even alarm ', ing, when it is considered that the class which has fallen into pauperism has absolutely been the class of ratepayers. In 1845-6, the rates in Nottingham were I made in the proportion of 4e. 2d. in the pound; and in April, 1846, there was in the Bank 1,3871., besideel about 3,8b01. uncollected, which was not an arrear, l but a balauce carried to the following year, panii/g to a similar balance of the year precedin. But, in I I April, 1848, things stand thus : Hates for the year, ss. 10d. in the pound; balance in the bank, 1971.; arrears, on a comparison with ordinal' collections in average times, 7,400/.! 'fhe guardian on whose authority this s t a tement rests, adds to it : The difficulty in collecting, these arrears is unprecedented, and I have no hesitation in saying the pressure on the payers has increased in a more severe ratio than that upon the recipients. It is not the amount of rates that oppresses, but the incapability of paying them presents the worst feature in the present state of things. Mr. FELWIN, a lace manufacturer at Nottingham, gives interesting evidence of the fact that this pres sure is falling on the classes above the poor. Retail trade can only make returns in proportion to in comes and wages. But as the people must eat, the dealers in clothing and luxuries have lost far more than their pro portion of the genera diminution in returns. It is certain that a diminution to one half has taken place and in the eruse of new clothing the past year, and the drapers' mcers' returns have fallen in that proportion. The business of pawnhroking is pressed by unusual efforts to get advances, and never was in so peculiar and critical a state. Sales of second-hand domestic furniture and superfluities are greater than I ever remember. It results theta fourth of the manu facturing work.peoplc are bordering on destitution,—many of them are without any means of subsistence whatever. The parties just above the working people, as clerks, small shopkeepers, overlookers, persons who put out work, and suchlike, are in reality suffering even more than the un employed artimns they have had a position, which is NS. sibly and rapidly eliding from under them, in spite of wiry effort to maintain it. I know that many such are oloWet broken-hearted. The clerk of the Nottingham union says : There is one feature of the present distress in which it distinguished from previous visitations; namely, the clam* just above the poor ar.d the middle dames (1 know not where the line should be drawn), are suffering to a far greater ex tent than formerly. Shopkeepers, small tradesmen, and publicans, are already, to a considerable extent, reduced to the verge of annihilation, and more apparently wealthy per sons are in great difficulties. Here is further proof of the same position obtained by a dissenting clergyman in Nottingham: I have consulted six - different persons on the two paints alluded to in your note ; of whom three are collectors of weekly rents, two are in situations which place them in fre quent contact with the lower classes, and one inteni. gent lace manufacturer . All agree with me in the opinion, which I expressed to you in conversation, that the distress which has prevailed recently has been principally felt by the lowest part of the middle, and the upper part of the lowest dames; but the majority of them appear to think that, upon the whole, the lowest classes so me , generally speaking, suffered so great privations as in former periods of com mercial stagnation. All this te-simony proves that the distress is not only more severe than usual, hut that it has continued for a period beyond all former experience, and is prevalent among persons of a better also, andby whom applicidon for relief would be attended with feelings of the deepest shame. The question remains, what is VS be done? If it d en be proved, as we believe is quite_ossible, that this state of things is not confined to pottingham— manufacturi that in the ng parishes of the m etro p olis itself there is and has been for. some time quite as rest a pressure, it really seems essentially necessary that the g overnment of the country should see to it. One molt intelligent correspondent of Mr. WRIGHT ' S, MT. c .RWELL, manufacturer at Carrington , writes to hint as follows a : Various opinions are entertained by the people as to the causes of their distress ; but the greater number, if not the whole of them, believe that the government and parliament have it in their power to adopt measures of relief ; and they do not hesitate to exress this belief Th consider them ressed, andp would be glad of almost any change, selves opp believing that their condition could not be made worse, but wou ld most probably be improv Al by it. To per mit opinions of this sort to obta in and to ex tend themselves cannot be safe to the country and the state ; aud it is therefore that we take the opportunity he recess presents to bring the subj ect under w hich t notice, and to press urgently the importance of its FRANCE. PARIS, SATURDAY, 6 P.M. The elections, which will commence to-morrow and term i n ate on Tuesday throughout the entire extent this great country, are the subject of conversation in all circles to-day. I have conversed with many of the candidates for the departments, and with other poli tical personages who have lately visited them. 'The opinions entertained by these unanimously as tothe probable result of the elections is, that an immense majority of the assembly s ill support moderate re publicanism, and will vote for a constitution in which property and intelligence will exercise their legiti- ' mate influence. In. one department, at a meeting of the electors, all discussion was resolved into the ques tion, categorically pat, whether the policy represented by Lamartine or that of which Ledru Rollin is the type should be supported ? The decision was made in favors of Lamartine, with only one dissentient voice. A leading deputy cf the opposition of the ex chamber tells me that ho does not believe, from pre sent appearances, that the party represented bz Ledru Rollin and Louis Blanc will have 100 votes i the assembly. The proclamation of the Provisional Government respecting the manife station of Thursday, which sent you last night, appears in the Muniteur and other Paris journals of this morning. From the reports circulated under the authority of the government here, it appears that when I estimated the total number of men under arms on Thursday in the capital at 330,000, I was under the mark •, it is stated that the number actually amounted to 400,000. Great offence, I understand, has been taken by those legions who were the latest in defiling, in consequence of the members of the Provisional Government having left the amphitheatre at the Barrier de l'Etoile before, they arrived, so that they had to salute their empty 1 seats. The last legion did not defile till near 11 o'clock. By the weekly balance-sheet of the Bank of France, which we publish to-day, it will be seen that, on the asset side, the metallic reserve of the Bank has again diminished, being about 3,600,000 f. lees than last week ; of this sum the falling off is about 2,000,000 f. for the Paris establishment, and 1,600,000 f. for the branch banks. The amount of overdue bills shows an increase of upwards of 5,200,000 f. The Bank appears to go on steadily circumscribing its amount of discount business, as the bills becoming due in the Paris establishment are less by nearly 1 1 16,000,000 f. than the week before ; in the branch I banks there is, however, an increase of nearly I 7,000,000 f., which leafs the actual diminution at 1 1 9,000,000 E On the aide of the liabilities, the notes in', circulation continue to increase ; in the Paris esta blishment the augmentation has been 4,200,000 f., bat in the branch banks there is a diminution of abut' , 500,000 f., leaving the bona fine increase at 3,700, dim 000E 1 1 Th e aecount-current of the treasury has again i-i nished about 7,100,0001., while those of private per- I, sons have also fallen off 2,300,000 f. The whole of the metallic reserve at present amounts to 88,600,000E1 against 3t5,000,000r. of notes in circulation. The late government had ordered the Minos steamer to be repaired and armed, and sent as a pre sent to the Bey of Tunis. The Provisional Govern ment has confirmed this order, and she will soon be sent to Tunis. The following are the forces which took part in the d emons tration of Thursday :-12 legions of the 1 national guard, some of them of from 20,000 to 25,000 men ; 1 legion of cavalry of national guard ; 4 legions of the Banlieue, with their cavalry and ar tillery ; 25 battalions of garde mobile ; republican guard (horse and foot) ; the sapeurs pompiers ' . the national workmen ; the 28th, 29th, 31th, 45th, 69th, and 74th of the line; the Ist, 77th, 11th, 12th, 18th 21st, 23rd, 25th, light infantry ; Ist carabineers ; Ist, 2od, and 3rd cuirassiers ; 2nd and Bth dragoons ; 9th hussars lancers •, 6th, Bth, and 9th artillery ; several l i regiments of the army; some complete, of others de tachments. The barracks of the capital are now occupied, one half by the line, the other half by the garde mobile. A letter from Toulon of the 17th says:—" In con sequence of instructions received from Paris the squadron of the Mediterranean, commanded by Vice- Admiral Baudin, left the anchorage of the Isles d'llyi!res, and set sail towards the coast of Italy. This squadron is composed of the Friedland, a three decker, carrying the vadmiral commanding ; the Ocean, three-decker ; the Souverain, three-decker ; the Inflexible, the J upiter, the Jena ; the s team-frigates Asrnodee and Panama ; and the steam corvette, the Pluton." The expenses incurred and paid by the Northern Railway Co. since the 22d Feb. to yesterday (says the Debuts) amount to 7,500,000 f., 7,000,000 f. of which have been in wages to workmen and labourers. This HUM is equal to 155,000 f. for each workin wag day, or, taking 4f. a day as the a vera g e pay, to thewages i of nearly 40,000 men. The Bishop of Chalons has addressed the following letter, dated the 19th, to the Minister of Public In struction and Worship: Monsieur le Idinistre,-1 am informed by the Bishop of Solemn', that Citizen Menuesson, commissary of the • Prov isional Government, in the department of the Aisne, has just , interdicted or dismissed two cure's of that diem., by his own 11 tbe oherg henreois ,;,l d: w bin i u th t:l : Pa w anr e cia f e 1 authority ; one, because he did not please some persons; the other, because he refused ecclesiastical burial to a man who ' had committed suicide. I abstain from making any reflection t T li h t e se ir a p e r is ew of ner the in co . dw a o n h d tehn t e h t b e g ~r , w y h a ts ti eh l e ..atl w i hobuffm known. w th i 1 l b th e e te s t r u : c i ph fi u e d mwej a cn t . a , n i n d u a im e n ry ce o , faninddilgnsinatinoont will prised that they hava been szpulaid with shame, as we have n :u 6su ntry Y ; is seen in ,ome places. I unite, Monsieur le Ministre, with all the bishops, in protesting with all my strength against such abuses of power, which hithtrto have been unexampled. This one i- the height of estravagance and impiety ; l al s l bounds have been exce. ded ; and all my diocese denaimi that justice shall be rendered. M. Breuil, an avocat, has been appointed second Isectary of legation of the rec in London, an M.soulnge Bodin, ex -consul p at ubli Nlogadore, to a simid lar post at Madrid. M. Sarda-Garriga has been appointed receiver of finances in Paris in the place of M. Delamarre, who was recently deprived of the appointment. An address has been sent to the Provisional Go vernment by the Society of Political Economy, having for its object to protest against the suppression of the chair of political economy instituted at the College of France in 1831. The Place de la Victoire being found too small for the purpose, the 3rd legion of the national guard was reviewed to-day by the Provisional Government in the Place Vendome. All the members of the go vernment were present except MM. Louis Blanc, Flocon, and Albert. Last evening an interesting spectacle was presented at the Cafe de la Itotonde in the Palais Royal, where from 400 to 500 national guards entertained an equal number of soldiers of the line, each pledging the other glass in hand, in the presence of numerous spectators, who applauded this manifestation with enthusiasm. I learn that a serious attack on the freedom of election has occurred at Rouen. All lists of candi dates which do not include the name of the govern ment commissary and of the partisans of, the demo cratic club are torn from the walls by bands of men in blouses. On the 21st the aspect of the Place St. Ouen was so menacin a g that ti s he natal guard was obliged to take arms, s well as theular troops, and serious disturbances were apprehended to-day. Several provincial cities have d.ecided to place the bust of Lamartine, in s tead of that of Louis Philippe, The Madrid mails of the 17th have arrived. The Herald() denier positively that the journey of the Duke and Duchess of Montpensier to Aranjuez has any cause such as that we have already assigned; that it is entirely spontaneous on their part, and that they will return to Madrid to take leave of the royal family, before leaving for Andalusia. The Duke and Duchess had left. GERMANY. TILE REPUBLICANS OF BADEN—PROPOSED DEMONSTRATION IN BERLIN. BADEN.—The latest accounts respecting the Ger man republicans come down to the evening of the 18 t h. The advanced troop s (if such they may be called) of the republicans under Hecker entered Waldshut on that day. They were to be followed by the main body via St. Maitre. The military were im mediately despatched to the Huningen bridges. The republicans were in expectation of receiving rein forcements from Switzerland. The greater portion of the so-called lake district is already occupied with Wurtemberg and Bavarian troops. It appears by the Carlsruhe Gazette that Ifecker's partisans amount to about 6,000 men. The Baden troops had taken pos session of the passes leading to the liollenthal. The I greater portion of Hecker's partisans are armed only with seithes. Numerous troops have arrived in Donaueschingen. Some partial collisions have already taken place, and several persons have been killed. It appears that the people on the line of passage of the republican troops are in the greatest state of excitement, and that they are in doubt (at least so states the Fronkfarter Journal) whether it would be better for them to oppose the republicans or to join them. Hecker arrived on the 17th at Leuzkirch with 1,300 men, two cannons , and several ba g gage waggons. An attempt has been made to bring about a pacific settlement of the question ; considerable excitement still prevails in Carlsruhe and Mannheim. A bat talion of Hessians arrived at the former place on the 16th. According to the Deutsche &stung of Heidel berg, the republicans were stationed on the 18th between Bonndorf and Freiburg. It was fully ex pected that a collision would take place on that day between them and the military. 'The trains have ceased running from Carlsruhe to the Baden Oberland. Other accounts respecting the number of the re publicans set them down at 3,300 under Hecker, in cluding 600 sharpshooters and 3 field-pieces; 1,300 under Siegel, and about 2,000 under Struve—alto gether 7,000 men. This force (adds the Friburg cor respondent of the Frankfurter Journal) is consider ably increasing. The Constance Seeblatter fully confirms the intelligence of the proclamation of a republic in Constance. The Frankfurter Journal states, in a Mann heim correspondence of the 19th (evening), that Hecker had advanced from Switzerland with 3,000 men towards Cons tanc e. Struve was at Donaues chingen, with 200 men. It appears that Herr Peter, who has been nominated governor of Constance by the republicans, has proclaimed the republic there. Lt. Siegel, another republican leader, is at the head of 1,300 men. 'The rails on the line between Friburg and Offen bach have been broken up by the people, who, in the latter place, erected barricades, which, however, they removed when the soldiers threatened to make use of their firearms. Herr Welcker, the well-known liberal member of the Baden Diet, has published a letter warmly con demning the republican movement of the German legion in Switzerland, and of the German corps that left Paris. PRUSSIA.—Our Cologne po correspondent writes as f o llows, dating April 21 The primary elec- tors of Germany have already commenced their meetings, in order to take steps for choosing the electors in the second degree, charged with the electing of the candidates for the Diet. An important demonstration was to have been made yesterday in the Prussian capital in favour of the direct mode of election , and consequently the doing awawith the electors in the second degree. Before I left Berlin I attended a very numerous public meet ing, at which a popular election committee was ap pointed, in order to take measures for obtaining the direct mode of election. That committee sent a deputa tion to the president of the council, but the latter declared that the government could not accede to the wishes of the committee on the point in question. This reply was notified to another popular assembly a few days ago, and it was again resolved, notwith standing the prospect or threats held out of a dissolution of the ministry,in case the demand referred to should be persevered in, to go in procession on Thursday (yesterday) to the palace, and send in again a depu tation to Herr Camphausen in favour of direct elec tion. It must be added that, after the first reply of that minister, several members of the committee re signed, as they entertained the conviction that the government would not yield. P.S. Up to post hour, we have no intelligence here I of the way in which the proposed popular demonstra tion passed off yesterday in Berlin. The ministers I have officially declared that the intended procession to the palace would be illegal, and that they look They it san attempt to intimidate the authorities. They have, moreover, authorised the head of the police, Herr Von Minutoli, and the commander of the civic guard, to oppose such a demonstration by all the means in their power. In their letter to the com mander of the civic guard, ministers state that they ary resolved not to allow the intended demonstration to be made, and express the hope that the civic guard will uphold the laws and firmly maintain public order. All this is ominous, when the determined character of the Prussian ultra-liberals is taken into account. Several addresses in favour of maintaining the present indirect mode of election have been re ceived by the government, amongst others a numer ously signed one from one of the metropolitan dis tricts The Cologne Gazette of this night (or rather of to-morrow) gives an account of the intrigues of the retrograde party in the provinces of Prussia, and remarks that it is essentially necessary to take severe and impartial measures against both reactionists and revolutionists. Gen. Von Willisen and Lieut.-Gen. VJlllVedell have issued two contmdictoryproclamations, one declaring that there are no more assemblages of armed Poles, and the other asserting that there are armed carps in various parts, who commit great excesses against per sons and property. It appears, moreover, that Gen. 'Von Colomb ha.a resolved to have recourse to arms in order to put down the Poles. A serious riot broke out at Breslau on the evening of the 17th. The three days' armistice chiefly agreed to between the Danes and the Germans expired on the 19th. It is positively asserted here that serious disturb ances occurred yesterday in Berlin." HANOVER.—A recent attempt to create dis turbances at Hildesheim (Hanover) was put down by the timely arrival of numerous troops. Barri cades had been already formed in the streets, but they were remu ved by the populace, during the half UNITED STATES- MEXICO. A splendid new steam-ship, called the United States, commanded by Captain Hacketaff, arrived at Liverpool on Saturday with dates from New York to the Bth instant Before entering the Mersey, the passengers resolved on a complimentary address to the captain. The dates from Mexico are to the 21st. The only news there was that on ac count of fresh difficulties between Generals Scott and Worth, Mr. Trist would remain as a witness in Mex ico. Further than this the American papers contain nothing newer than was given by us in the news per Caledonia. General Scott will leave Mexico for the United States as soon as the court of inquiry adjourns. Up to the 25th (the last date from Vera Cruz) Santa Anna, though expected, had not arrived. Gs neral Paredes had appeared at San Luis Potosi on the 3rd of March with the object of making a promm clement°, but failed. The Washington had arrived out, and her news, comprising as it did all those revolutionary event* which created such astonishment here, viz., from Austria, Prussia, and France, was looked upon as calculated to impair confidence and prevent the re. sumption of regular industry. John Jacob Astor's will is published in the New York papers. It disposes of property amounting to about twenty millions of dollars. fhe New York Herald complains of his having omitted to leave the town of New York a larger sum than that of half a million for a public library. The Courier and Enquirer says : The condition of the country continues Sound and lime roue. United States 6 per cent. stock rates above par, as do treasury notes, of which sales are made at from the n 1011 to Iloan. 02. The treasury has not yet issued any) roposals Mrnew The receipts of cotton at the ports have been very large sines our publication of the 25th ult., larger than in the same is terv.il of any of the last three years, and the exports both to Great Britain and France have been very heavy. If sifs may advert to so trilling a question as the prob file extent of the crop, we will say that we presume few will now be t here w doubt the correctness of our former op.nion, that there was a great prMability of 2,300,000 h&c, being reached. F, am the nature of the accounts per steamer Washington, it now appears probable that. we may see a lower range of prices on this side than for many veers past, and that planters may be almost compelled to hold a part of their cotton until affairs are more settled in Europe. Pricer , in this market have fallen materially. What decline the Washington will MAC it is difficult to predict. In the impossibility of giving quotations at present, we will merely say that middling qualities are about 61 cents and par about 7 or 71 cents per lb. In breadstuffs little is doing* the tendency of prices being eownward. Western ants flour may be quoted at 6 60 dole. per bbl. ; wheat, 140 to 152 cents per bushel ; Indian corn, 62 to 66 cents. Bk change ruled at 109. (For markets see fourth page.) their WEST INDIA MAIL. The royal West India mail packet Thames, Captain George Abbott, arrived at thenp, yesterday, and landed her mails under charge of Lieutenant Thomas Cull, R.N. The dates received by. the Thames axe :—ers C ruz , March 17th • Tampico, 1 sth ; Havanna, 28th ; H on duras, 13th; 'Jamaica, 23rd; Demerara, 20th; Trinidad, gird: Barbadoes, 27th; Antigua, 29th; Martinique, 28th ; Grenada, 24th; Porto Rico, 24th; St. Thomas, 30th ; Bermuda, April 7. There were forty-two ptissengers on board the Thames. Its freight consists of 84,4 7 3 dollars; 3701. 3s. 4d. British coin, 1 box pearls, 100 bags of coffee, 121 packages arrowroot, 40 bales tobacco, 58 cases cigars, 36 packages of sundries, and 14 live turtle. The Thames encountered boisterous weather en tbs homeward voyage. The news from Mexico is anticipated by later dates riri New York. From Nicaragua news reach ed Jamaica, on the fist of March, that the flag of truce sent to Granada hid returned with " an apology for the insult offered to the Nlosquitian flag, and the prisoners whose libera tion was demanded.' For the rights of this tunny hall war, in which Great Britain has unconsciously beta engaged, we must probably wait till Lord Palmer. ston produces the papers he ban promised, with any supplementary documents since received. A vessel arrived at Jamaica, from Aux Cara brought intelligence of an outbreak inch tat town re the Bth of March. The people from he adjoining, couery joined in demanding that the commindant Aux Cayes should be deposed, and (kn. 'l.llemachs appointed his successor. The commandant made his esca pe, and here the matter rested. From the punity experienced by the actors in t he affair was it conjtured that the president was at the bottom of the m ec ovement, to get rid of an officer who did not suit him. JAMAICA. —The Chamber of Commerce met on the 22nd March, and passed a series of resolutions, of which the following are the most important : That it is the opinion of this Chamber tZia , with a erate sae. canal duty of 10ee per cat. for od of m o d e siase produce, aided during that inters:al y liberal irrinurstaa Africa, the vigorous suppression of the slave trade being enforced... energy and enterprise of our planters, assisted by capital, which tem Memo would agaui place at their command. sohld Place Ja m ' ic. ...! a position to enter tato unfettered competition with whet saa-+ producing countries-for this Chamber feels coneincol that, ea 2f. rly equal terms, the British Jamaica planters fear no comps write That feeling assured that the abandonment of toga e aawl ___,„. throughout this colony must now become general, midi ?a a far: quence, the pecuniary affairs of its inhabitant+ be tam. intOWMT ihtion of fearful emharrrsiment, accompanied by aide-pmea_4: scoop, thia Chamber deems itnt, ends at once to lay • nicafa r '':, fore the governor, and recommends to the different Pariaa.,.7 - 0 , course for adoption, requerting his emellency tort ai,enr.,loiaa ray paters with the least possible delay, that the appalling dition of the island may be considered. pi Th y o ; anthdls cu a i g ber not , theref in a siorettia, tiaoarontgolycono,,tinw77_L° the eastrim to curtail their estimates of coatemplated the ensuing year to the lowest possible limits, ah‘Ota r a the gate in tirely e paochial institutions. • That th it is r an admitted manila snseart all c i v ili ed mop . 0 whenever vades indiridual rights for the Pub 4a indmnity is invariably - awarded therefore, the Briitin the e sake of cheap sugar, destroys her colonies b o wsa,,, righteous crusade against her own subjects, who la m ica-r, capital upon the faith and guarantee of their counti),, British subjects, will lay their claim for full claim and whic a the jusdmh the inap7 for the den m^ of the .r property-a British ;anti, s anted' re; '3C W 1.:),7116e. GUIANA. —The Royal Gaulle kg WIN er e readrs edles' to co y that great diet It amost gad eat tittle or nothing is doing in the e s, may Mae than agricultural; for it inns ; gee In the colony can suffer without e akeee, Perhaps, the best proof of the Is ed by the home government on tl ardal of the picket which brought the ne .ogeftted to the 'louse of COMMOIII , has fail am''''—gsepal spirit into businem of any kin , bad no sitting during the fortnight. impression is, that in the way of Is redone for mine time to come. No adds tbe ortins oo se recently introduced and atond social intermit. But in an extensive f gessys • mass of ordinary and political bum w g* of the Court ce Pol fres ley h. T ; soo lay srooogy onnet° our population, by the arrival or Ifferrs Lecee, with 26• Atrimms—namely , boys, and 29 girls. These were .2 deaths 01 hms also taken place from Madeira, with 14 ',weber for the last two or three Jays hi for the greeter part of the fortnight we has TRINII/AD.—The whole thor are concentrated on the retrenchment The Port of tipain Gazette recomm exceeding 3001. per annum only two better times return ; that even tater reduced where diminution can he puisne judgeship he left in abeyance that the colonial magistrate, the sail and the first clerk of the treasury use d with ad interim. A delibear cat, L or d Harris that his salary s alaries of minor dignitaries. WINDWARD ISLANDS.- /ndepeident Press remark': It in our undou bted opinion, then, that absolute liberty of commerce are thso only doped to those usperalleled and incredib mu st again and again complain, till we h: stubborn ruler.. Avid well, indeed, ma remedies, becavee they are the only 00.1 e,7l' Obtain those blemings of law, truth have no }Ong been, lad continue to b CHIN) THE EASTERN AT AND AUSTI HONG-KONG. —The Chin, March announces that Keying had oa account of his health. The Mt lieying, Minister Plenipotentiary for tears of absence Oil the ground of bad h the Lieuteruuth-Governor, will exercie eke. Such t o the meet authentic : rumour, which has been the parent f o unded. The npecial purpose fur w having been socumplished, it in on urgent in his petitions to be relieve, first supposed his retignatiun had the court of POltillg ; but from what we bible be has obtained only a temporary score of health. constitution ha. press ure of his arduous and harassing men hint of late hare torn struck with there is nothing to indicate a decay of thority, which we ore inclined to belie. to Pelting, and be fe.t by fureignem wl intersperse with them Of not. lie h.o. 'snore, salt in mine days since P.P.O foreigners at the beads of departments , a personal regard. The Mail alto 'totes that the m issued a proclamation regulating I into the country, with • view to siroCar to that tuued by the Britt quest, of which notifiuttion was Mail adds : We understand that the British Cha have passed revolutions entreating IV liaise:eon the anangementa come to themselves as much an ponsible to the the river, not to land on the banln yowl, "in the confident reliance that acme to them the full enjoyment of tant period." There resolutions wen day after the following letter had t °Dam], whose reply is subjoined "Chalon, Feb. 111, 11110. —To P. C. ring to the regulations recently mi which British auhjecta are directed to into the counr tar exercise, we beg of any of us t h inking the presence of protection, while it would certainly I preferring therefore to take our char eider °unwires prohibited from doin of our dispensing with each attend-it thould be deprived of our right to al for radix:l,lo—We have, he., Bowan] Cats' nor." •• British Connulate, Canton, Feb. Piny, J. Gilman, E.sq., an IL have to acknowledge the receipt of which only reached me un Saturday reply to the neveril questions therein to which yno allude were framed to their excursions, partici going into I availing themselven of [IMO. t own peril.— l inn, Sc., FOAM to C. NI e also read in the same jt , tc We have heard that:mine days as waded a Ink way beyond the city, u met with some thinit molentation, ing to their own account the affair Bag, but for the exaggerations in wiu The following memorial from of Rat. for the Colonies. hw b To the Bight Ilonouratete tee Gan Majesty's Colonies —The memori tants of Hong-Kong and its vieinii) are deeply interested in the welt. ae rer ting property in it. Your n obtrude on your lordship a demi pavilion of the colony, the eubje to the notice of her Majesty's of committee of the 1101100 of Ciorimo with china , but your roemonalis ship, that since the mtablishims heavy gromidsreitt has been felt •. Indivi ivally, and n eerious drw Thar kurdstaip no doubt ae o n chiefly occasioned by the *moldy,. inadequate number of I to of lard and your memorialist& would no, ship to the &Mance of any active such a burden. Your memorial claiming exemption from remon. consideration of her Majesty'. I and importan redction ot the g well m a revis t u d ion of the terms Mal means of enabling your MO /knish colonists. Your memo, ground-mat paid for each lot, it, mated rental of the buildings en that the ground-rents received or elated the hotwe-rents paid Greet Britain. In ounclueum, your lordebip to the questionab make ilong-Koeg their reeidon meet whom chief duty is the pre pen* of two great empires, a Britain and her Indian pesesse log a strong convanion of the 3, entrust it with confidence to tt on Re favourable considerati. 19, em 4 i t liata, as in duty boon SINGAPORE, MAR Mail of Dec. 24 arrived sular and Oriental steam none of the failures in Etc commercial firms here. almost a hurricane from heavy sea; the whole of tl upon ; the casurina trees esplanade were washed tooled no damage. The lett this on the Bth ult. fc having proceeded as far and sea being very high, make one mile an hour. purpose,. Captain Evans and again started for H I sea has not be (spore. Several plat penally the nutmeg weather became calm an appearance, and still ra fatal cases have occurrec look for the appearance all-llngrOesing topic here by convicts on board the officers, and above shipwreck. I have dra melancholy affair, as th Cases of piracy are a vicinity of the harbour, induced to organi.e a h containing four Chines cut timber, was attacks krists spears, &c ; tv jumped overboard, ai the fourth was left was plundered of it of rice and a h sis di:niers. The Mall piracy and lose of lil iebraary. In all thr trated in the light c and town of Singapor which in January lest men from the' Strai Singapore Feb . . 24. affair in China, was a was before urgent to took the artillery o March 4th. at Singapore Feb. the departure of ' Penang, remain then Renel, when the stores, and sail for E days the town has bi several large placard the corners of the 1 were ofiinintlammi of the government s mating deputy of po come obnoxious to t tiring energy and si gamblers, 'miners, a once of these place Pernicious practice mischief at Canton brought to the noti or sewn Chinese bills p hand hills ailing ut on tl in putting down of the police a secret societies. TI mended that thew be registered as z