The Express. — London, England, 1853-01-28 00:00:00

pads into ( Cha p ople's pockets, with the threat of foreign - in ,„„,.? rs.) Well, .if the peace conference bad rd.:deems on the financial reformer, they had eve. e re ',sr e lating on the . support *red co-operation of the free gilder What, it might be said, could any free trader be 1 - ii d who woe not in favour of the doctrine* and the prin. c'i'of the Peace Society ? Why, he might say, for fifteen n ;,,r. I nave been employed in removing all thaw obstacles • harrd re which might impede the oust friendly and be e iitereourse between all the nations of the earth. ) On tell me . that I cannot appreciate the doe trine- et fence Asso ciation ? Why, be might say, you t when all the world were alarmed at the sight snipping, the free trader called out loudly that the bi▪ d way to matt the . inereme of foreign shipping will by re le,sht.g your navigation law,. (Cheers.) We might ask the fr.••::vier it he fed any particular fear as to the arrival of the t tench Hest ; and he would say, " No ; that he was far were i nterested in the arrival of French wheat." (Cheers and imizhict .) We might ask him whether he was willing that we e ing id spend our money, foolishly, as he believed, in *nits., tortificatiens and batteries ; and be would tell us to ewe that money, and to build docks, and warehouses, and ficvies—not only in Liverpool, and Bristol, and Glasgow, but thruu4lmut all parts of England, especially Lancashire sad Wait Riding of Yorkshire. (Cheers) If we asked thß free-trader whether he did not think there was some dander of a tlas.ut trance, or of some quarrel, betwe.n our w e s ssaileir anti stone foreign court, he would put his yap di i n his pocket, and say that Mr. Brown, the mer d, Will the twat ambassador that he knew, for that merit cot was busy at work establishing new house* for the eeportation dour goods in all parts of the globe; and he reluiced •h:nt ter he heard of a new house opened by fonighers in this Colatry, as well as whenever a new hesise i was opened by Englishmen n other countries. He would word ea.'. of these as another of the great links in the c h o irs of al "..sation ; and he, the free-trader, would ask the frielidt of peace to assist him, so that the merchant should have undisturbed typortUalty to , continue these great ef fort. o 1 ciacli,ttion. (Cheers) The free-trader, then, ouidd tell the idembers of the Peace Society that to these widtbaats, sad to this intercommunication passing through these hw.d., the Peace Society must look as the great grew' arm of their strength, and as the source of security an d preep,rity to the notion. If, then, the Peace Cenls reece might be the means, as he hoped e n .,w the bottom of his heart they would, of uniting mote el.e.ely those who by different means had been Ira ielhog on the same road—then, notwithstanding the &b --eetle(' of some of the distinguishing features, which this con !emcee exhibited in comparison with some which they meet have attended, he should believe the had contri buted by the*, perhaps more the n . by any of t he it previous to to vary those objects which all must approve, and to dvdten their labour by a number of years. (Much (bestow) he Sacks - ram' (Mr. Stokes) announced that their esteensid 'Strad, Mr. Coden had been employing his kn iat boars, daring the rectal, in writing a pamphlet— ehnot a ',dame—which in nis (the secretary's) bumble jadsment was calculated to produce a very deep and salu tary implosion upon the public mind in this country. It was called "Seventeen-ninety-three and Eighteen-fifty," and slugs parcel of them would he offered at the doors to members of the conference, at the price of one shilling. In addition to the ;AO names that bad been sent in of gentle men careen d to be present from various parts of the coun try, 3/11/ which represented almost every considerable town sad city in the United Kingdom, he had received comeau ens:ions 'Tom about 300 or 400 gentlemen, giving in their tel and radial adhesion to the objects of the conference, although unable to be present. The following letters formed p..zt Q 8 the batch: — Norton Hall, Lincoln, 19th January, 1853. Dear Sir,—ln answer to your letter of the 19th instant, lam wiry to inform you that my engagements will not 'sae it possible for me to be Dresent at the conference et the friends of peace, at Manchester, on the 27th and MY of t m s mouth. I need not, I trust, add, that few object* Ma seem hi me of greater importance than the maiutenaaMi sad ' , Mardian of peace among all nations; and that I shall always endeavour earnestly to aid in advancing so eacelamt a cause.-1 am, dear sir, meet truly yours, To Henry 'diehard Esq. Paris, Jan. 18, 1854. Sir.-1 have received the letter in which you inform me that a conference of the friends of peace will be held in Manchester on the 27th and 29th of January. I regret the more earnestly my inability is be present, bemuse 1 think I shosid have 'spewed the unanimous opinion of indent trial Fiance in saying that never has it better compre hended than now that the durable maintenance of peace well he the inevitable ...establishment of liberty by the , proem. of civilisation and the exchange of id e as ; also, that it does not at all understand the preparations and ar -1171M11:10 of the English government—arrangaments and pripira ins that am without an aim, unless they have some other than the absurd supposition of a disembarkation without of Receive, sir, and convey to the confer ence, the new and constant expression of my fraternal sen timents. Bulls. DI OULUILDIN. loggerheads, and the Turkish fleet was drunk. You cannot bring gunpowder together so safely as to make it rltogether innocent. There will be a spark; you cannot stop it. Men are not formed so as to be fully equipped with all the mud- 1 tioas of war, and to stand members of the Peace Society. (Laughter.) Sir, what a state of things the world seems to be in. Europe stands, surely, at the head of the Christian world. We are all, or nearly all, professed Chri.tians in Europe. How comes it to peso that the bitterest wars that ever visited the world are in Europe ? How comes it to pass that by some means or other more warlike proceedings, more bitter feuds exist iu Christian communities than in any other part of the world ? We go to war with all the re finements, and all the arts and sciences, to destroy Ms I another whenever we begin. (Hear, hear.) Sir, it is en astounding fact, mentioned by my moot honoured and honourable friend the member for the West Riding, in his excellent pamphlet, which I trust there is not a gentleman here will remain long without reading, in the reference he makes to the account of Baron Von Reden, that one half of the male adult population in Europe capable and of age to bear arms, is actually under arms,—in Europe, in Christian Europe. I believe lam within compass--I had it from very high authority, a gentleman now present—there are four millions of soldiers in Europe. Who maintains them ? Tne parties that they pretend to protect; the feeble, the weak, the distressed, the industrious, maintain that amount of men in idleness and wantonness, and in everything that is to he regretted. Soldiers are not pioneers of morals; and therefore it is a most suitable call that is made now. Let us lay aside our party distinctions,—Protestant, or Catholic, or Presbyterian, or Calvinist, or Armenian, or any thing else,—let us lay aside these distinctions, and put forth the noble principles of the Stamen on the Mount, which contains an amount of moral worth, and influence enough to enlighten and to save all mankind. (Applause.) Four millions of soldiers in the thirty-eighth year of the peace of Europe ! Gentlemen, let it not be supposed that that is a trifle. 1 find myself at a period of life in which I talk like an old man of facts that have occurred in my expe rience, and that ate still very fresh in my recollection. There are not very many present who recollect much about the late war. l.recollect a good deal about it ; I hope I shall never see British society excited to that state in whisk they were when I came into the world, and when I came up to manhood. You have no idea of the state of feeling at that time. My honoured ancestors were scouted in the streets for saying far less than my honoured friend, the member for the Wert Riding, says about the causes of war. He moved: " That it is the special and sslemn duty of all ministers of religion, parents, instructors of youth, and conductors of the public press, to employ their great in fluence in the diffusion of pacific principles and sentiments, and in eradicating from the minds of men those hereditary animosities, and political and commercial jealousies, which have been so often the cause of disastrous wars." Kennington, January 17th, 1853. Ihu Sir,—Most happy should I be to be able to attend the congrme at Manchester, but ill health unfortunately still privents me. How f tly I wish it success, need sot, !think, be said by its faithful friend, LEIGH HUNT. Mansion-house, January 18th, 1853. Sir,—l am requested by the Lord Mayor to say, that be is much interested in the cause of peace, but that his es gagementsas chief magistrate forbid his accepting th• in vagina of the committee to attend the congress at Man thester.—l am, sir, your very obedient servant. Het. H. Richard. C. EDWARDS. The Rev. W. AIIPINALL, of Liverpool, seconded the I resolution. He was more accustomed to speak from a text in the pulpit than at a public meeting, and he conceived that he had a most excellent teat in the peace movement. He asked them to come with him in imagination to the plaius of Bethlehem, and hear the glorious message given by the angelic host when our Saviour wu born—" Peace on earth, good will to men.'"f That might be termed the very key note of this movement. The Peace Society was calculated to disseminate abroad the principles of peace, and he I claimed as the very foremost among its advocates all minis ten of the gospel. He did not say that in the days of the Redeemer and his disciples Peace Societies were established as in our day, but he did say that the precepts of our Lord and Saviour were peace principles. (Hear, hesr.) Most of the sermons preached by the Redeemer were peace see. mons. Did he not say to Peter, " Put up thy sword ;" and did he not further add, "Those that take the sword shall I I perish by the sword." (Hear, hear.) And did he not find that the apostles propagated principles of universal peace We found all the duties enjoined by the gospel are founded upon peace. It was true we found the weapons of war alluded to—the shield of the sword—but we were told these were carnal weapons ; and it was clearly prophesied that the time should come when war should be known no more—when men would beat their moult into plough shares, and their spears into pruning hooks. It was true the Peace Society had not yet made great progress; but what, though there were ddliculties in the way—that their path was not a path of roses, and that their society was scoffed at by the world—were they not charged by the word of Ood sot to be doing of small things ? The commer cial and political aspect. of the question would be spoken to by gentlemen engaged in commerce and members of par liament, and he would therefore confine himself to the bib heal and gospel aspect of the question ; and he believed in this view of it, that it was the duty of a ll men, high or low, to promote their principles. But if it we, the duty of all men, it wu the duty more emphatically of ministers of the gospel to take this course. (Hear, heal% They had the commands of their Lord and Muter for their war ranty, and the pulpit was a mighty engine for the promotion of such principles. (Hear, hear.) But if the pulpit was a mighty engine for this object, the press was also a mighty power ; and the rev. gentleman appealed to the press not to burke their meetings, but to aid them in their excellent work. He would remind them of the language of Riche lieu, who held up a pen as the sword with which be con quered. He called upon parents and the teachers of youth to instil these principles as early as possible in the minds of A. rising generation. (Applause.) . The Hey. G. W. CONDEZ, of Leeds, supported the reso lution. Iha resolution was carried. _ _ The It;,.l;ii; lisaXi;,Of London, moved the second resolution, which was as follows : " That as an appeal to the , sword can, settle no question, on any principle of equity , and right, it is the duty of governments to enter , into treaties on behalf of the nations they respee- tively represent, binding the parties to refer to the decision of competent and impartial arbitrators such • differences arising between them as cannot be ; otherwise amicably adjusted, and to abide such decision." , Mr. BiltollT, M.P., was received with greet Cheering. i He said, I have been requested to address the meeting, , which will be held tomorrow night in the Free Trade Hall ; and, therefore, I came into this room without the 1 slightest intention of making a single observation this morn- , ing.. But I am quite willing to second the motion which has Just been proposed, and which I need not read again. , It refers generally to the point of arbitration, and urges . that arbitration should be used by government for the , settle:lmA of national disputes, instead of having mourn , to the present most unsatisfactory and most brutal system , of the sword, and of military armaments. (Cheers.) Now, , the first thing that strikes me in reading the moieties is, , that it is so exceediogly reasonable that everybody will say it is • very good thing if you can only do it. But on this , question, as on many others, I find that some of the most , lanempserable of our opponeats are just those who , agree with us in the abstract, who say that the principle is very good if the world were ready for it; and they approve of it wonderfully at a dis- Mee, but you cannot get them to lift a band for the pur pose of bringing it any nearer. Now, the resolution states, that this is admitted by everybody; for it says that " an 3goal to the sword can sinks no questies on any principle heirsad right ;•• and that may be taken tor granted, lestos no man supposes for a moment, that at the teruloodon of a war, the general result and settlement. wham/ it may be, his any kind iff reference whatever to the sil ks wee or to the jud et o the matter whisk in dis;eite. I sespeet. that if • man, mon in the of this emmitry, ea ef gay matey, were to lavedirlea MOM eat or while mimeo masts have spewog—if be wove mutely to dela these es am reedy es it geoid be dose, from the to one and dewed= Midi pawed mines goommals, before these wan Woke oat—sad Nom, it be were to bring before the reader those thlies which were smiled, in ems mbar, at the ended= of the war—be wadi A= almost invariably that *gee was no id= or rendes whatever between the Waning crab the miles or this meat amismohely Mime. (Cheers.) The bet is. that the Minima ie with the care=' sad the Mag. mil. haw tee Om lade seemed he jug tin Ommemmisse. Miens, sad mss, may go es prayers berm the beflie ; bat we have ao antheity whatever be believiosthel, with regard to the bellies of modern Mos, sad of asthma nations, there is say partimalar interferes= of Plodders' ea behalf of what is jot sad right. We ge molly AM th e malt to Espied apes the magnitude of die throes, the dissiglise of the ass, mal the skill sal :t*::of the osomedsrs. Now, we are taking a , ~. me the mid " erbitratie4 teem, " which is applie d to the ambling system. We stow hear sew 'r 'rhea of "the Mammal el the sword." BO it appears tome the the aibitratima we now have is of the elasediet mail most us eatidasZassot. Our obligators amemmth I WA, by • bee been laid berm the Glaiiirails, MD soma = ewer taro hundred those= 1.1611-4 most =imbibe tory amber *decide aria *idolise of gay quad= Bat this "atm of aohltratisa 'whoa also szleadve Mem* —ip le the amber er NO orOblast with ammo —g d irimporthe by Me diesivadyeakeewa mad hoomeable --expeadillase mem mismeas Sea way other amiss. same before sr dose, bee seer soothed purely gra these =Anore= thesegloat theeseatry—gail y the abeleasema sad =eh=Odessa ea all beads by the rodeos of Aroma AM in the Mod ormetha of this erten of otilselime we have tense sad death spread over whole strew. a= 'Misled epee theimeadn, and it may be millos Omer aim ambito. (Applause.) Well, Mo. SO elealleg MONO= thet we now have, tne selthiatiss ef the mod. Mars an expenditure of these states' milises Ming per gams. I Wok SO if we Nth one all the Mk= of all seem, or of all mans is ad times, we shell not be able to thew= any ems la whisk three is lom or mason seam, lom er reason, ism 4 Mt mapethstha of miy raids* geed sloth dm is the memo whisk tads Miss en d NM melbas limi t * the immlainemse of these net ammels, ile NNW taws dings with_ b th e armaments themselves are sow keg= iemedy to settle. (Cheers.) Well, 1 so the, Ilb are pretty need agreed with our enemas. We have cot IS IldwiPli./ .1° arm this reeduthe pee& we have then who utak we are Mr peeetbable le peeping whoa Is impetellie. The garden eat le Mews this COOlheiMM 6 OS Me reselaties, really mom es he, whether it is poisible to mile fee . whim.' we grepose, andrisommad ine ger oreaMysm ai n the mid ) Well, I bane It wadi be wry le skew that a pot may Shame have bees nibs—sal whisk all man awe be hoe bees adwarable ihatgeo—aa4 whisk asst in sae Wink amid to be chews that were abaiwlely ingeollie. Awl ftwaite.es tie wad o f past =peeing% we aye wet to be diverted nem our °hint. Then ie a seethe ef warfare width is sew duelli. happily, nearly el dest* this sentry— mew. Mt et ng. It quite [ in kw way saa to tun bah to a newspaper, if he 1 is artawmM Mesh le dud eye et a hundred years ego, or to read the menspeadenee of politicians living et any time , is the last mho, ; sad eigesMy, it is insensible to learn anything of the habits of oar essatrymen over Bt. Gene' Coleshill House, Highworth, Jan. 1, 1853. Dear Sir,—lt will not be in my power to attend the i gemer..l conference of the friends of international arbitra tion of peace, on the 27th Met., but I heartily wish success to 0:c objects of it.—l am your obedient 'errant, George Wilson, Esq. RADNOR. Inner Temple, London, Jan. 19, 1853. Dear Sir,—l regret that urgent professional hominess will prevent my being present at the approaching pekes confer- ' ence at Manchester. Yon have, however, my full permis sion to enrol my humble name among the friends of inter- natiosal arbitration.—Yours fsithfully, Weisser DIOBT Savesona (M.P. Suaderland). Ildinbumh, Dee. 28, 1862. Sir,—l regret that Misdeed health Mll pet it set el my power to attend the peen magmas. i MaaelawAse, ea the 27th and 28th January. I am MI snowed to have the house after sunset, or to ap,ese at pulls meetings of any kind for deliberation en Deimos I alesider it of much important* that this sbeeld be held, beams the present mast of ash,is Prima with the rapid bream of the heath war steam navy, are 'Masi hello la the minds of perms abeam the Pesos Beelety sake wisely in wesbwiag the abets of goverssemele parable the teems amble delham, should an Meek he mode trona that quarter. They emitter the feet of the whole power of that empire beim( massatested is the hands of a ruler who, hitherto, hen helms every elheMles whke he MI soder Mtn to his ewe eseebreesi, es greatly haelaiehkg the inlieence 01141111111111_ ealissedea es • mom Madelipme. It will be mist iligiebb that the 0110470111 amid mem oat clearly the vim they tab of the present Mate of and of Frame in is relation to England, s I P I that they amid the esehty from that charge.—l am, sir, your very obedient servent, Henry Richard, Esq. °Joao' Cowes. Stanhope Lodge, St. John's-weed, Dec. 25, 1852. Ry her Sir —I regret that the mamas state of my owe health will re a der it impossible for me to attend the eon helms of the Mewls of peeve at lhaehester, is the 17th mad NA of seat mesh. Dates yes desire a aide of ad belies to the great sad bet awn to which its Mean ere to be Aevoted I beg to empress my whaled ettnehmeat to thatof Zit 11 4 saw rase IV slim :yaw whir I g segabsesf the Pease issisq. at ebe Zest as. alto reabeis that I streiga t as the Mei' heatleghease. is Plesgh.court, or war sieges yeas sp to the proem dab that WI ems whisk *ea the astierl and spiritual ri ps ms. eflegara k % wasteful ezpaiditem 116 and Inerere, m emly megiai the worst aim if Wires alters. aid a maw hostility area et sedprel love end eglier, asses these wham rarer es well an whose duty It is to bee lei aegther, them is mese ergs formidable or par able. Ora the war quit is Great by OW inatitutioast flebise, ea bump mil 'Se IS I. ell make of Mk*. Is ihe dram That the noble Mesa el the Pesos may mainse to abate the L as of this war spirit till it shell be 11061111 out from world at large, is the sincere prayer ef. your liftbfailf. The Rev. Henry Richard. Jr. S. Bermulartalt. (imam HADMILD, Req., lI.P. airfield. moved the first moieties. He said—Tbe Meese if peelmill ibis welkin geggistre bee been simmilbell tetit seam am leelea reds ill Win =UMW 10 INO. I M elk begins% ea wiped MG the Meads of posesothit aria toss. or emir to de whit the tel the bolas. re quires at my WM. It is epos 'A eolis sad rebelled ritreeres to =Mit Wiesen to reek this meterrelfasay minis whisk de bt. ft: ll 7 , Gs seller el war. (Hew, bas lb smashes Mee Wise wiediVaLlitth hie see ill darn sir • well, sky mee ID is Is to coarse they arm meld ait het W liat my sole Get ell the Diploid saw peliert s t lad bees Miami mesa Or wail hell rebind gime Int; s lattle move eel She week wed' be Mae. lie egm mad led seseagliarl lig shim& New. Am Is gee psi psi 1 9 ths may. The wee yells me midge • Ilem* ==rebile sprigs. There - bed beat enamel state d ell, seigehelhd mespriles hem the Pope of lm; meeed e Get Leah Philipp, l• Ns* Sil " I= lad le teeth he ARNIM, mthe amber fee kames—• imelemse whim I Um thelwegie es" *rem to in of trodsee, it I ree my, a sufkige le the geese Rr. deter, the X.T. Tavkasek e n t riel r2, ll Poen!, 1 1 with Wee lei kis primi= ki mg) `"" 1 19* del Mt sword la whh hie .!rage la his Mai. .) There sew gamier mess* se deg Gime ef Yams ; ad we ise mere afraid of him then mere. la het, it mom sage asedier ammo am sow " thick gm es, thet mime Mass to whim I sippeihe—a s aria= el respel, the he Isesaef aseyealli e othealms et the people, the ii "smegimiseee hewed ea is,. This twist, we s Ze wi ll i tirt eamil seem Then is as greater _ C Ciesr le ag healibegiage. thon ieils kr 'Mimi ulu le b ever when we me all marl to the teeth. l is er a beats.) That ram sweat of iirlial4"")• epee it ; and if two Melee semi s are twen=ty 111 . 06 iither—at Cards mad Defer—they will have Tee ma/ try to sly than mhos it is too late ; but eO M' to ans th e , = Pei . latma llem It, they will of 't that "Is the b a k e of We ll ington imam breasted, l and ro- Mad_ . when the English and Turkish leer were 3 : 4 nano—an untoward event hoppmed 1147::: THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENINI). JANUARY 28, 1853. Channel in Ireland, without condos Ie the meimits that the commonest matters of digests, which now nobody' thinks of quarrelling about, were formerly made subjects of this sort of arbitration, either by the sword or pistol. I met with an old gentleman, only three or four months ag when I was In Ireland, who described to me the system et duelling which was in vogue when he was young. lie told me that he had on several occasions beau second in duels, and he said, although he felt that it was a most ferocious mad wicked thing, yet he bad some satisfaction in believing that having acted as second, er having been concerned in these matters, he had been able, on many occasions, by the hostility which he had to them, and the moral feeling he had against them, to be successful in preventing the duels which otherwise would have taken place. That is, the duels which had taken place were the source of great discomfort to him—those which he had been the means of preventing were in some degree a compensation for the mischief which had been committed. Well, but the system of duelling is altogether changed. One of the last duels was, certainly, one of the most successful in turning the whole system into ridicule. Two members of the late parliament, with whom I have a parliamentary acquaintance, contested a borough in the south of England. They had a quarrel, I suppose, about treating or bribery, or intimidation, or some of those practices which take piece at our elections so often; and it was thought necessary to go into a neighbouring county to fight it out. I believe they went in the same coach—(a laugh)—one inside, I fancy, and one on the box ; and when they were just about to fire, there was an immense alarm created by the spring ing up of a cock pheasaut—(a laugh)- and these men, who could not agree to settle a dispute of this nature, but were SO valorous that they must have recourse to arms, I believe, upon a sudden, ran as fast as their legs could carry them, sum.: eine, in this cock pheasant, a policeman. (Laughter.) Now, I was delighted with that duel, and I WY delighted with the letter which the cock pheasant wrote to the Times immediately afterwards, because it covered the whole thing with ridicule; and I said, I am much obliged to those two gentlemen for what they have done, for I think, after this, surely there is no man in England or Ireland who will ever go out again to fight • duel. (Hear.) Another thing, too, shows how opinion has changed upon that point. I was, not very long ago, in the shop of a goldsmith of L ondon ; and I heard there, what I have not the least reason to doubt—l have a rfeet belief in the accuracy of what was told me— that it is the commonest thing in the world now, if there is to be a duel, that some friend of the parties, it may be un known to them, procures the pistols, and takes very good care to be supplied with balls from the same place, which arc made of a material which Signor Blitz, I believe, has occasionally used in his exhibitions ; they.are something like balls in appearance, and when they Ire put into the pistol, and the ramrod goes down, they all go to dust, and such duelling is a periectly innocent affair. (Laughter.) Now, that is what duelling has come to; but it is but few years since duelling was believed to be as indispensable fur the settlement of private quarrels, and cause a gentleman to be as gentlemanly in his conduct to another gentleman,as wars are now believed to be indispensable between communities and nations. (Hear, hear.) I believe in spite of all the ridicule some parties bestow on this which we beFeve to be reasonable and Christian, that the time will come, and much faster than some believe, when war between nations will be considered as brutal and idiotic as duelling is now considered amongst all classes of the community. (Cheers.) What is wanted is, that the change which has taken place amongst us as individual' should take place amongst communities and nations. Is it not possible to form a public opinion in Europe as it is In England, or in any county or town ? Of course the labour will be ler greater, but then the object is greater, and there are many labourers in the field, and what is now done by tens and twelves may be done by hundreds and millions. (Cheers.) To take a point in which the influence of public opinion prevailed. After the Hungarian war, certain of the patriotic leaders of the revolution took refuge in Turkey; demands were made by Austria and Russia on Turkey for those leaden,and should they have been given up, we know to what end they would have been surrendered; bat Turkey . did not give them up. It is the recognised policy of all c ivilised nations that, although you may demand a man who is a murderer er a robber, still no one nation has a right to demand of another that any person Seeing frees its power on political grounds shall be given up to the avenging punishment of the government Ile has opposed. Well, public opinion has settled that matter. It has been felt that no man would be safe—that all political opposition to governments, that all contest for political rights would be at an end—if, when the contest was over, those who failed should find no refuge in any other cou ntry. Every man feeling that he might be liable at some time to the consequences of such a system, it has been agreed among the civilised governments of the world that that law and that practice should exist. Well, there might be other cases adduced, to show that public opinion has formed a code of laws among nations; and from that I would erre that, with regard to this point, a new principle now alums to be introduced into that code of public opinion. (Cheers.) Recently there was a case, and a very interesting ow, which has been alluded to, in one sense, I had almost said unkatomelely, which did not go to arbitration , hut I heawasell night have gone to arbitration, the powerg e rtieW ly Mot was is the wrong gave way. Yon recollect a dissessim, Ltd y in the papers, about the Lobos Islands in the Faci es—islands in which there are deposits of a manure worth an this countty many pounds a ton, and likely to be of peat advantage to the Peruvian government. Attempts were made to involve oar country in a squabble with the Peruvian government with regard to the possession of those Wands ; but the Foreign Minister I believe Lord Palmer- Nen Ant, and Lord Malmesbury afterwards, declared that we had ne right or title to them whatever; and, whether they belonged to Peru or not, he was not the person to settle ; but, as they did not belong to us, we could have no pretence for going there. Sat UN United States:for a moment took a different course, and a minister of the United States—since then taken from amengst them—a minister, perhaps, one of the most elo quent men, at any rate, that the United States ever pro dsced—Mr. Webster, took a different view from our fo reign minister, and insisted upon it that those islands be longed to the United States ; and ships went off to those isles under the impression that that which the American Ifieeretary of State had declared to be the law would be maintained by the forces of the United States. But what was the result? There is a treaty between the powerful nation of the United States and the comparatively feeble aides of Pens, and that treaty has a distinct dew to this effect, that whenever any matter idea arise, any dispute between these two court- Mite, it shall be at once referred to competent ma Impardel persons to decide, and both nations bind thew soles* wept the award. (Hear, hear.) Well, now, lost at the edimatage to Peru In such a case as that. The wrap of the United States could sweep from the seas the navy if Peru. Peru gained immeasurably by having such a treaty as that, provided it went to arbitration, and provided that Porn was sight. The United States would gain, because, limehstaialeenty, no meddling, selfish, grasping portion of • meld drive our government to war. " There is the t reaty," Secretary of State might say, "I cannot send aim of war to defend our assault upon the Lobes islands ; It is a matter in dispute, and we must refer it to impartial mesons ; it Is necessary for the character of a magnanimous nation like ours, that whatever be the award, we must positively abide by it." The question was not referred to arbitration ; there was no award. The American govern ment—lt may be, knowing that there was that eame—it may be, from further investigation — became eonviasel that right was with the Peruvian government; and, therein*, all that had been said by the American secretary woe *nand, fresh instructions were_ gimp, and the claim of the Peruvian government tO them Meads was at once freely, fully admitted. Now, why shield we not all have meek* the sem' an eat ? The other day, the Timm fewimemer, I'M& I lain a very judicious and as adulate& soaves in the tens with which it writes ea almost every matter connected with the United States—l wish he teas were as fair and as impartial with regard to all ether intern (oh) die Them newspaper mem mewling apes a dinner whisk hen emend bun sea ta Hr. Ligenell, the Amselsen Weft% at slid what ought to be done between Sag Mail end Annaba.; I do set give the precise words, hat fie polo aminiag is, that we should resolve never to ge Is war. that is ly what we want to reselaiin Sae andiaglits morn ing. (Applause.) But bow are yes to nook* Newer to go to war with the United States ? Dem asp man believe no points of difference will ever ado t Don't we know there are pines' 1a the United Masse reckless enough—so there is always a elms in this memtry—to got up uneasiness and eseitement, and, if milies men to get up war. But the geed on, the fats mem Sr moral men, the Christine men, the lisdk of rasa la hob Mentries, are in Omar of pease. (dpidenes.) n, should not this peat majesty in WS isnetries *, resin that we will atm pe to war; that, as reptile the treelmnt of one maths to the ether, we have no AM if endellag, or en join& er drageoning the United Males; air have they say sage klea of us. We sin (ight, and so an they. The resources of the two esnatries • may be said Se he almost inexhaustible. The industry of the two ens dm, productive beyond all former example wan the ins of the earth ; but that i zl measures thew annt or ar mos whisk each country tdo to the ether—C, Mar, i bass," applause)—and only gime 'vs some , lien if the neesseity end the wisdom of doing that whir ' the Theo asseeemais, never to go to war with seek I ether. (Ap.)_ Take the fisheries questies that hse hady heanned. There was aas in Ont. What was the Sant thing done ? People here wailed to know hew many ships were going ; and in Amelia a apotrea that was ordered to Japan Ism erallesmanded, end • the skips were to go to the heds. wed he OM of the ocean whale thus Moles WM wiled on. But auisee we bed lead a dim la seir treaty with the Untied • seek as the has with Pez is i dins t VOW net have been a it sending silos t la Upland, not even L ."-- 11111.0Smese Owimihris,vouli written an article in tom of sendiag dip if war be the first hing wadi Mee has Is e wild be to bat republish in everythat g=glad the atbitration clause in this treaty, and ate sole matter to be discassed would be this, —Where we find the men—who are the men—to whom both wino will trust the decision of this question ? And I Inset say_ for myself, that I believe there are men in the 'United States, to whom alone—es I believe these tea men in this country to whom aloes--bath ___shim Might commit the deaden upon a question ant is, both countries ; and I believe it would be decided m ond= th at which was just to both of them. And there are countries—Russians French, Prussians, Her shaft Stations—in fact, you hive all the world to choose foams yen have all your great judges and great jurists, year emilent men of every character in every country, and ben these any nation having such an arrange ment es this might choose the men of foremost mark in the world, who for intellect and for moral qualities are unsurpassed, and who would stake their whole character with their existing Countrymen and with all posterity, that they give • just decision on the matter referred to them. Well, b u t, if this be true of the United States, is it less true of France? We have wonderful communications with France. I would speak of the rail way and the steam-boat, and the telegraph , but we are in London 12 hours from Paris. Lord John Russell is Fo reign Minister, I am only sorry to hear he is not likely to continuo so; because he knows very well the whole secret of our former wars with France ; and I have heard him declare more than once in the House of Cinamons. with regard bath to the French war and to the American war which preceded it, that those two wan were both unjust and unnecessary wars. (Applause.) Lard John Russell is in Downing street, the French foreign minister is 12 hours distant, but we are not satisfied with being within 12 hours; we have • nobleman in Paris liv ing in a magnificent and costly mansion, and at an expense which, until very recently, amounted to some 14,0001. or 16,0001. a year ; the salary was 10,0001. I believe it is now re duced to 8,000!., and the other expenses were 4 or b thousand pound more. This man is sent to Paris ostensibly for the purpose of maintaining amicable relations between that counter and this. Lord Cowley is at the grand balls at the Tuileries. Lady Cowley is leaning on the arm of the emperor of the French. The emperor pays his special re , garde to English visitors. There are no people in the world at this moment who are residents temporally or permanently is Paris—no foreigners, I mean—who are treated with more consideration, so far as we can judge from the papers, than our countrymen. But fur all that, Lord Cowley knows that his countrymen some how or other, are living in dread of this Emperor of the French. He news that our press is almost incessantly attacking him. He knows that all kinds of exaggerated statements are being palmed upon the English public. He knows that all sorts of odd corners in the newspapers are filled up with paragraphs fabricated to deceive the people. And our government know it too. Now 1 want to know why it is that no proposition can be made from our government--not in an underground, subter ranean, intriguing manner of carrying on business with a great country like France, but come above-board and open proposition—(applause)—which shall give confidence to the people of both countries ? That which I am satisfied the people of both countries require is that which the governments of both countries ought, if possible, to obtain. It only wants a beginning. We pretend to lead the world in some things. We are conceited and very vain, and it is imagined we do • great deal that we do not do, and a good deal more than the countries w hoi are at least on a level with us ; but if we, here on this island, with a mercantile navy surpassing that of almost all the world—if we have a people pugnacious beyond all former example—if we have an in dustry so productive, that the thousands of millions which have been spent in former wars have not yet pauperised and exhausted us—if we have glory recorded on our pages of history, so that the most gluttonous amongst us ought to be satisfied, and ask no more—and if, beside that, we have liberal institutions which give to the petiole of this country that measure of contentment that gives security to the govern ment—then I say, are we not in a position before all other nations, of offering to the nations of Europe and to the United States a new policy, a noliey which though it differs as much as white from black from the policy of past times, yet shall be one that in the future shall give greater security to governments and greater happiness and content ment to peoples, and shall promote the advance and pro gress of all that is good in the world, infinitely beyond anything that can be ever hoped for from the most glorious and bloody conflicts of armed men? (Loud applause.) Well, I believe that we are met for a practical object, though our opponents profess not to be lieve it. If they had not thought it was practical, Ido not believe they would be so angry. (Cheers and laughter.) They think that if these opinions, which are prevalent in this room to-day, spread by each of our individual efforts amongst our friends and neighbours, some way or other the eyesight of the people on political matters will be wonder. fully improved, and that a small party, or a large party— a small party of intriguing persons, or a large party in terested in military expenditure, will not be able to coax and cajole the people into such errors as they have in former times committed. Now bear in mind that there comes a time in the continuation of these military expenses when you actually build up a public hostile to your own public interests. The men who can build in Pen man those magnificent stores, and men who have several periodical publications devoted expressly to the defence and maintenance of their views —the men who are distributing one way or other 15 or 16 millions sterling, who occupy high places in all our services —who are made the especial objects for pensions, and ho nours, and dignities—they grow up to be a party powerful enough to insist upon it that they are the public, and not we, the people of England. I would remind you of that simile used by Milton, when he said that a department like this is comparable to a wen on • man's head, which may grow so large that it may mistake itself for the head, and take upon itself to say that it is the bead, and the bead is the wen. (Cheers and laughter.) Jon't letus be afraid of the course we see taking or the principles we hold. I hays been in the House of Commons for nearly ten years, and I know that that house is not favourable to peace principles if they lead to a reduction of mili tary expenditure. They consider it sentimental to talk of peace ; they consider it vulgar to refer in the slightest degree to the Christian principles of peace ; they suspect a man if he only dares to hope for peace, but still for all that we have seen majorities in that house sink into miserable and ridiculous minorities ; and when the public mind of this country becomes saturated, as it must, at some not dis tant day, with principles such as we now bold, then even if your representation be no better than it is—but we trust it will be shortly muchb.eter—then we shall find the House of Commons obeying the opinion of the country, and our ambassadors to foreign countries will not consider that they have fulfilled their duty when they have dined dis tinguished Englishmen, and joined in the ball with distinguished foreigners, or composed music— (Laughter)—as some of our ambassadors are now doing, but they will consider it is their duty , andthe interest of their country, by every means in the ir power, not by underground diplomacy but above ground and honourable treaty, to promote that peace throughout the world which we are promised shall come, and which, in spite of all that may be said to the contrary, our opponents know must come. (Loud cheers.) Joanna BROTHESTON, Esq., M.P., in supporting the motion, expressed a wish that we should manifest towards France and all foreign powers a friendly feeling. He be lieved that there was great room to reduce the armaments of all the nations of Europe, and denied that the best way to preserve peace was by being . prepared for war. The most certain way was by preserving a Christian and peace able demeanour, and by extending commerce—for no man liked to quarrel with • good customer. • • • • • -• The Meeting then iidjourned till mix o'clock in the evening. NATIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOL ASSOCIATION. The third annual meeting of this association—or what would have been the fifth of its predeemeor, the Lan cashire Public School Anociation—was held on Wednesday evening last, in the TOO= at 28, Crose.street. Mr. ALux. HINNY, president of the association, occupied the chair ; and aeon the other gentlemen present we noticed the Rem. Dr. WHerrow, W. F. Walker, M.A., of Oldham, and Dr. Beard; Mesas. Alderman Hervey, R. M. Ship man, J. C. Dyer, Wm. M'Cell, Thos. Latterthwaite, S. B. Johnson, F. Taylor, Dr. Watts, R. W. Smiles, secretary to the association, Thos. Johnson, A. Winterbott om,i Joe. Ash worth, do. The SicaurAßY read letters of apology from Viscount Gladerich, Salim Schwabe, the Set. F. Tula, and others. The Criminate, in hla introductory rawer., congratu lated the members of the essesiatkin on the pragrem they had made since the etri itof the ire Aroma don. They were than ieee fluMo with the mast rancorous virulence by many who hod not only eee u! to abuse them, but were Hulling this in mei N obtain the esta blishment of a system of public eche* te be characterised by some of those very features on wenat of which the friends of the sender system had lees disemseed. He had no hesitation in wing that the erigbades of the Menthes -1 tar and SAW eerrt ees mbesnden and the production of their esheme, and she the appointment of the parlia- Maury eammittee of inquiry ea education, which sat Elam Apra M June, 1862, were directly attributable to the exertions of the National Public School Amociatioe. Mr. Beirsai, the eseeetary, reed the report of the execs the essomielue for the pot year, cad a statement of so -491111M. lira them iseemosM, we learn that the opera tions of the sieeciation 1862 bad special, and almost exclusive reference, teprMeeiiage in perhomeut in relation to the education queen. The report smissedverted on the policy of the peewees', of the Manche/ger said Belford Iteeatica Bill, to ~Mg to awry thole muse am • by yllich heivy engestes and pest elistrue , =would have been impusi wen and thrown in the wog of *use who sought eves the slightest modification in lie pstielese. The report "teed that the parliamentary eimmittee had, in its fourteen *liege, examined four wit nesses is behalf et the Messbeeest and Belford Education Bill, tale on behalf of voinsSeylem, sad two of a miscel laneous obereater ; bet dist the eissaittee bad sot been able to issalude the inquiry beheads dissolution of parliament. ThePablis Schools Association intend, it appears, to press for the reeppeistment of the parliamentary committee, that witness, meg be heard es behalf of the secular schemes The repel Mated that eminently qualified witnesses were prepared to give evidence on behalf of the association, and that a large mies of arefully collected statistics, touching the view el lodisation. in r and school attend ee" had bee. 10.211011 1 / 1 1 preasstation to the commit tee. The report aced that it was hoped these statistics, " Lemma as they exhibited actual facts, would be re garded by the parlisassetaey committee to be worthy of pests" sesolderatien than some of the ingenious, though faulties t _ opeseletkas whisk have been presented to them." Fres the Ineasial statement it appears that the members eftbe tromiatioa are firm is their adherence, and that numerals sew subscriptions have been received during the past year. _ . . . The =Wag was addressed, in eaoh ease, in a most hope ful spirit and tone, by Mr. Alderman Harvey, Mr. Thomas Toplis, Mr. J. C. Dyer, Mr. R. M. Shipman, the Revs. W F. Welker, Dr. M'Kerrow, and Dr. Beard; Mr. L. B• Johnson, Mr. Thomas Johnson, sad Dr. Watts. The sub stantive business consisted of the adoption of the report, the appointment of office bearers and an executive commit tee for the ensuing year, with votes of thanks to the retiring execrative committee, and Mr. Alex. Henry, president, Mr. Henry was re-elected president. The entire proceedings gave satisfactory evidence of the vitality of the association, and the determination of its pro moters to persevere in their labonrs. REFORMATION OF JUVENILE CRIMINAL OFFENDERS. MEETING AT BIRMINGHAM. Yesterday a very influential meeting was held at the Royal Hotel, at Birmingham, for the purpose of esta blishing an industrial school for the reformation of criminal juvenile offenders. Lord CALTHOIII.II presided, supported Lord Lyttelton, Mr. Seholefisld, Mr. Adderlay, P. Mr. Frederick Ledsam, Mr. Charles Ilolte Brace bridge, Mr. William Chance, itc. The Noble CHAIRMAN, in opening the business of the meeting, said—lt is proposed to establish an institution the importance of which can scarcely be o rrrrr ted—namely, to attempt to reclaim juvenile offenders. In this noble work efforts have now for many years been made, with various success. There is an institution at Redhill, which has been remarkably successful ; and one in France equally so. The principles adopted at each of these are kindness instead of rigid discipline. There is a similar in stitution in the neighbourhood of Hamburg, which has been attended with very marked success, and it is probably known to many present that an indivi dual resident in this town has made an effort to reform juvenile criminal youths. His labours bare alas been at tended with a very large amount of success; his influence over the boys is wonderful. The principle he has adopted is that of kindness—kindness te the poor boys whom he has taken under his care, many of whom had never known • kind word before. (Hear.) Now, it is proposed to esta blish here an institution on this principle, and to place it under the management of the individual to whom I have referred ; one thing is essentially necessary in conducting sia institution of this kind, namely, that it should be basted on religion, for no instiution can effect • permanent and ef fective good, unless it be so based. (Cheers.) That is one of the principles of our proposed institution, and not the moral principle only. I hope, therefore, that the people of this great town will come forward and support an institution which has for its object the reformation of juvenile criminal offenders. (Cheers.) His LORIROUP called on Mr. WILLIAM Moaoaw to read the report of the committee, which was as follows : " The committee of inspection, which was appointed on the 23rd December last, at a meeting convened by circular, held at Dee's Royal Hotel, Birmingham, have great eat's factton in reporting to the present assembly the result of their inquiries into the practical working of the Reforma tory Institution for Juvenile Delinquents in the Ryland road, whieh was set on foot last summer by Mr. Sturge, and has been under the superintendence of Mr. Ellis . Your committee found that the institution consisted in fact of a family group of twenty persons, of whom Mr. Ellis is the head, residing together in three cottages in the Ryland-road. All tho inmates have been of the criminal class except Mr. Ellie and his son, the matron, and J. Barkhani, field-labourer. There are thus sixteen persons in the family who have been criminals. Their ages vary from 12 to 20, with the exception el one child of only six years and • half, and one young man of 22 years of age. They are occupied in various ways according to their capacity, and your committee found that Mr. Ellis has thoroughly carried out amongst them the principles which he announced in the following words, in June last, to the Parliamentary Committee on the Reformation of Criminal Children, in his evidence respecting a similar establishment formerly under his care in London I recognised them as my children ; they looked upon me as their father, and the latent power of their souls being brought into existence, there was every feeling that I could expect from a child towards rte. I have seen that all they did was to strive to know my will, and that will was their law. I endeavoured to convince those lads that honesty was the best policy, in my conver sation with them whilst I was at work, and that they were responsible beings—that they had immortal souls—and that God, being the ruler of the universe, would know all they had done, and all that they had said; so that those boys now, every one of them, move about, although in my absence, thinking that there is an eye over them. My principal object always was with those lads to put in their power the means of getting them a living by teaching them • business ; with regard to their morals, I thought I could not do hatter than set before them a good example, and I ate with them, and drank with them, and slept with them, and I associ ated myself with them in every way; and as far as religion goes (I don't profess to be a religious teacher), I showed them the law of the gospel as well as I could. lem not much of a scholar myself, and therefore could not cultivate their intellects much.' Your committee have satisfied themselves that the method of treatment adopted by Mr. Ellis may be relied upon for producing a considerable amount of success. Three principles appear to be uniformly kept in view, all of which are essential to the attainment of the desired reformation of the youthful criminal. Hi* affections must be acted upon, and the moral faculties strengthened, by voluntary exertion, which must be directed towards right objects—he must be habituated to labour and his intellect must be cultivated. Your committee feel assured that the neglect of any one of these principles would be sufficient to destroy all reasonable hope of reform ation, and they are disposed to rely very much upon the vigour and skill with which Mr. Ellis constantly applies them in the management of his present school. The en couragement which your committee have received to at tempt the establishment of a reformatory school, does not however depend wholly upon the success of the Ryland road experiment. The Philanthropic Society has for years had the care of • number of juvenile criminals, of whom about 75 per cent. are permanently reformed, and support themselves subsequently by honest industry. At ilettray, in France, where the boys are very criminal, but the management extraordinary vigorous, and skilful, 85 per cent turn out irreproachable. The Ranken Haw at Hamburg is an institution of the highest order of merit. It is appropriated to children of the most unpromising character. Yet only 9 per cent. give any cause of complaint; and applications from that establish meat are actually preferred to ordinary boys. There are Institutions in Wurtemburg where more than half the children turn out well. An old established institution, called the House of Refuge, at New York, reclaims 75 per cent. of its inmates; and boys who have been sent to the State Reform School of Massachusetts are trusted to col lect money and pay bills, and this confidence has never been abused. The duty and practicability of reclaimirg criminal children is considered a settled question in the United States, and reformatcq institutions are spriaging up all over that country : Your committee feel quite unable to resist the conclusions drawn from this testimony, and they unanimously recommend the establishment of a reforma tory school in the immediate vicinity of Birmingham. Your committee estimate that 20 boys will cast, one year with another (at the rate of 4e. a head per week), a total annual sum of 2001.; but it is proposed that the candidates shalt be received into the institution gradually, and there fore the full weekly oust will not accrue for the first nine months. This being the case, 1501. may be • fair estimate for the expenses of food, clothing, washing, and all do mestic current outlay for the first year. The joint salaries of matron and field superintendent may be put at 11. per week, or 621. for the year. The first soot of furnituxe, hammocks for the dormitories, and kitchen utensils, and a kw teals and mats riala, will not exceed 1001. Them Ewes, added tegetaer, give 3021. as the entire estimate ' he the cost of 20 boys for the first year, irrespective of hews rent and taxes and of charges- for head superintend ence. In reference to he cost of a suitable dwelling house, your committee have had under their cem eideration the proposal made by Mr. Add= at the meeting in December, to the effect that he buM at Staley a house with workshops and dormitories far lit boys, and attach to it five acres of land, with spies reverted for future additions. " After enumerating several recommendations, the com mittee arrnaluda by that the claims of the proposed misty shoal be fairly considered, vesting as they do, not may on the ground of public seosonsy,—for it is surely far less costly to reform than to punish • criminal, but because they are bead upon the higher platform of humanity and Christian duty.' Mr. Moaoaw also read letters from gentlemen, apolo gising for their absence. Amongst these was one from Major Jebb ; also from Mr. Parker, the hon. secretary of the Edinburgh Ragged Schools ; from Mr. hellinger mow, her Mye•ty's Inspector of Schools, declaring that he felt " heartily interested in the success of the proposed in stitution ;" and from Mr. Sands Cox, sugge sting a modifi cation " of the terms for criminal children, ' so as "not to fix on the inmates the badge of criminals." Mr. James, the chairman of the Birmingham visiting justices, sent a return of the number of criminals committed to the prison between the lit of October, 1851, and the 30th of Septem ber, 1862, the object of it being to show that by far the Urger proportion were juvenile criminals. This " return" showed that there were under ten years of age, 7 ; ten and under fifteen, 181 ; fifteen and under twenty, 380 ; twenty and under twenty-five, 286 ; twenty-five and under thirty, 163 ; and so on in proportion decreasing—the result being that, oatof 1,320 committals, 660 of the criminals, or nearly one-half of the entire number, had not reached the age of twenty years. - - - - - - Captain TINDAL *weed the first resolution, and in doing so, eulogised the great exertions made by Mr. Sturge, and warmly complimented Mr. Adderley for the munificent spirit he had manifested, and far his noble efforts in fur therance of this philanthropic design. He moved a resolu tion for the adoption of the report, and thanking the corn-' mittee of inspection for the attention they had devoted to the subject of the proposed reformatory institutions, tied for their delineation of its principles, as well as of the means by which it is shown to be practicable. Mr. J. W. WILATILIIT seconded the resolution. He looked on the formation of this institution as calculated to work a larger measure of good than was calculated upon ; personally he felt deeply . indebted to the gentlemen of the neighbourhood who had interested themselves in this mat ter, and he hoped that their philanthropic efforts would be wall seconded by the town itself. (Hear.) The resolution was unanimously carried. Lord Lex-ref:rote moved the second resolution—" That in the opinion of this meeting some effort ought to be made to reclaim youthful criminds, and that in order to their rescue from demoralising influences, it is desirable to pro vide for them a home—to afford them the benefits of edu cation—and to train them to habits of regular industry,thus giving them the means and opportunity of reformation." His lordship said that Mr. Ellis, under whose care it was proposed to place this institution, had succeeded in the fiat greet point; he had entirely sumeeded in winning and softening the hearts of the youths under his can, and in turning into their frown hearts suck a stream, as bad been productive of great good. Now, it must always be borne in mind, that these young men must be trained to habits of industry—that he regarded as an indispensable necessity ; it might be difficult to induce government to aid in establishing institutions of this kind, unless they were made self supporting ; probably they might be made so to some extent, but certainly this must not be indispensable ; the great object was the moral reformation of the people ; the providing for the destitute a home. and to teach them habits of regular industry. (Cheers.) Mr. Wit:a HT, of Manchester, seconded the resolution. Mr. ADDIRKLIT, M.P., spoke in support of the resolution. The resolution was carried ; and Mr. Scum-gym" M.P., moved the following—" That in in'socordance with the recommendation of the committee, a society be now formed to establish an industrial institu ' lion for the care, education, employment, and reformation ' of criminal boys, to be called ' The Birmingham Reforms. tory School.' " Mr. It. J. CADBURY seconded the resolution, suggesting the substitution of "destitute neglected children," for " criminal boys." Mr. C. H. BRACHIRIDON, of Atherston Hall, moved a resolution for the constitution soil laws of the society; a contribution of 301., or of 101. per annum, is to have the privilege of nominating one candidate for admission. In the course, of some lengthened and practical remarks, Mr. Bracebridge drew the attention of the meeting to the feet, that in the Daily A'eirs of the previous day, the evidence of Mr. s'Esckett, before the parliamentary committee, was published at length ; this he regarded as very important, and well worthy the attention of the meeting. Mr. ADDIKHLTY. M.P., said ho regretted that it was so, but the Daily Neter was the only paint that had published any of the valuable evidence, taken before the parliamen tary committee, on this subject. He believed that the delay which had taken place in noticing this subject by the public press was accidental ; he hoped it would now receive that attention which it deserved, and that the evidence would be examined and fairly sifted before the meeting of parliament. Mr. Ellis, and ono or two other gentlemen, afterwards addressed the meeting in furtherance of the object. A committee was appointed to carry out the design of the in stitution, and the remainder of the resolutions were unani mously carried. In the Lours: of the proceedings the liberality of Mr. Adderley was warmly referred to by all the speakers, as well as the services rendered by Mr. Morgan, the Town Clerk, who has lent valuable assistance in carrying out the benevolent scheme. The subscriptions already received are of a must liberal character. The proceedings of this day were of a most intertming character, and terminated with a vote of thanks to the noble chairman. THE BOOKSELLERS AND MR. PANIZZI. Yesterday, at Bow -street Police-zoart, Mr. Henry G. Bohn, the bookseller, of York -street, Covent-garden, attended before Mr. Jardine upon seventeen distinct sum monses, obtained at the instance of Antonio Pantizi, and charging him with having neglected to supply the British Museum with copies of works, or new editions of works, published by him. Mr. Bodkin, who WAS accompanied on the bench by Mr. Panizzi and Mr. II irding, ono of the solicitors to the British Museum, conducted the prosecution. Many readers will remember that not very long ago a similar series of summons -8, obtained at the instance of Mr. Panizzi against Mr. Bohn, were heard at this court, when the defendant complained in energetic terms of the harsh and disobli,ting spirit with which the rights of the British Museum under the Copyright Act were enforced by the complainant. Subsequently Mr. Bohn repeated, in a letter to Mr. Panizzi, his request that in future an oppor tunity might he afforded him of correcting his omissions by a reminder from the Museum. This request was refused. Informations were laid at this court, and a subsequent ten der of the works was declined as too late. The books in respect of which the present proceedings were taken were one volume of Vasari's " Lives of the Painters," Lanzi's "History of Painting," in three volumes, and Mi chelet's "History of the French Psevolution," all in the well-known Standard Library. It was not denied on the part of the defendant, that a failure of compliance with the statute had taken place in respect of the books re ferred to. Mr. Ballantine, who appeared for Mr. Bohn, denounced the proaedings of Mr. Panizzi, as harsh, vexatious, and tyrannical. It was clear that these proceedings were taken in a •indietivo spirit towards Mr. Bohn, because most of the summonses related to works published by him many years ago. In the case of " Vasari's Lives, " it was shown that the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and sth volumes of the work were sent by Mr. Bohn at the time of their publication, in 18.50 ; but by some oversight the Ist volume was omitted to be sent. This fact was a striking illustration of the way in which Mr. Panissi attended to his duties at the British Museum. If common diligence had been exercised, the discovery that they possessed the 2nd and remaining volumes, and not the first, would have been made at the time. But no, two years passed away, and then Mr. Panizzi, looking for the means of satisfying his revenge, pounces upon these odd volumes, and takes out his summons—not heeding the pro bable opinion of the world that in so doing he disclosed his own palpable neglect of duty while ei deavouring to convict Mr. Bohn. Then why were these rigorous and expensive pro ceedings taken for new editions merely of works, a dozen copies of which were already in the library ? At anyrate, then, let these proceedings be conducted in a more courteous spirit. He would undertake to assert that Englishmen knew how to treat each other, and by no Englishman would Mr. Bohn have been exposed to the annoyance and trouble which he had lately had to endure after so many years of public utility. The publishers of London encoun tered no obstacles, and experienced no harshness, in their intercourse with the other public institutions to which they were also bound to send their books, because they bad to deal with men who understood the course of conduct most agreeable to Englishmen, especially wben.enforcing a law which operated somewhat harshly upon the trade. It may be that the act does not require Mr. Panizzi to make a de mand ; but all men were liable to errors, and could not secure themselves against the !aches of servants, and ne Englishman, in such a case, because armed with this autho rity, would wrap himself up in an artificial importaance, and use it tyrannically. It was persecution, and nothing else. The trade thought so, and the public thought so; and in this instance, as in every other, those who persisted in carrying it on would even'ually be compelled to give way to the force of public opinion. He wished his worship would deem it eufficient to meet the justice of this case to inflict nominal penalties only. Mr. Bodkin had never heard such a request prefaced by such a speech. He was not entitled to ask the prosecution not to press for the full penalties. Mr. Jardine had no doubt that Mr. Bohn was liable to the penalties in each ease, but he should consider a nominal penalty of Is., with the costs, sufficient. He knew Mr. Bohn as an excellent neighbour, and every one must value his laboars for the public. He had also known Mr. Petaled for many years, and did not believe there was anything really malignant in his heart, whatever may have been in ferred by Mr. Bohn from a little brusguerie of manner on the last °canton. He sincerely trusted that both would go to work in a better spirit in future ; the one, determiped to do what the act required of him, without causing ueleces eery trouble ; and the other, to carry out the law, not as if it were like an ordinary penal enactment, but as one which operated rather unfairly, perhaps, upon a certain class, and should be enforced with as much anxiety as pos sible, to make it lees onerous to those whom it affected. There were several other cases, which occupied a long time in discussion. One relating to two volumes of a very expensive character, 'tamely, Lord Kingsborough's Anti quities of Mexico " (published at 121. 12x) It was con tended that this work was published 20 years ago, before the act of Victoria; but it was admitted that only two copies were printed for the author, one of which was sold at a public auction. Mr. Jardine did not consider this a publication. In five ether cases, the summonses were wit►drawn. Mr. Bodkin applied for all the expenses, but his worship only allowed the trod court expenses, which, with the penalties, amounted in all to 11.1. 16s. dd. AND CLERICAL 08rOltD, JAN. 27.—1 n a Convocation holden this morning, the proposed grant of 5001. from the University chest towards the Wellington subscription for educational purposes, met with a strong opposition, on two grounds. 1. The shortness of the notice (the paper announcing it was only sent to the common rooms on Tuesday). 2. The desi rability of applying the money somewhat differently. It was suggested that the 5001. should form the nucleus of a general University subscription, for the purpose of found ing scholarships at Oxford to be held by boys from the Wellington School, instead of being given directly towards the founding of that establishment. After the Rev. G. Rawlinum, M.A., of Exeter College, had addressed the house, against the proposed grant, the proctors took the votes, and the grant, as it was first proposed, was carried by a majority of 3, there being " plauts " 25, "non planets," 22. In a Congregation holden immediately afterwards the following degrees were confened, viz.: Doctor of Civil Law—Thomas Sier, Queen's College, Grand Compounder. Muter of Arts—Abel Humphrey Lea, Worcester College, Grand Compounder; Charles William Bosse, Fellow, Charles Edmund Crawley, Exeter College ; Thomas Oil dart Golightly, Rev. Henry Meynell, Brasenose College; Edmund Yates Peel, Rev. William I'. S. Bingham, Rev. Arthur Mansfield, Rev. Richard Lewin Pennell, Henry Parry Liddon, Student, Christ Church ; William G. H. Y. Roe, Charles Frederick Bode, Pembroke College ; Edward James Bolling, University College. Bachelor of Arts— John Fitzgerald, University College ; Richard Frederick Johnstone, Exeter College ; Henry Haines Crueknell. Scholar, Oriel College ; William Sargent, Exhibitioner, Queen's College ; Arthur Henry Faber, Fellow of New College; James Madan Holt, Christ Church ; John Samuel Sidebotham, Lincoln College, Grand Compounder ; Walter George Wilkinson, Sidney James Owen, Arthur Scrivener, Worcester College; Browne 11. E. Roberts, St. Mary Hall. The Rev. Wm. Ayent, M.A., to the Perpetual Curacy of Egerton (vacant by the death of the Rev. Rowel Jona); by the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's, patrons ; and the Rev. Samuel Clifford, M.A., has been presented by the Archdeacon of Canterbury to the Vicarage of Tenham, va cant by resignation, both in the county of Kent and diocese of Canterbury. DR. LATARD, M.P. for Aylesbury, the author of "Nineveh, and its Remains," &c., delivered a lecture before the members of the Leeds Mechanics' Institution, on Wednesday night. The subject of his lecture was his dis covenei in Nineveh. The Music-Hall was engaged for the occasion, and was densely crowded. The lecture was of a highly interesting character EMIGRATION FROM SOUTITAMPTON.—An emigrant ship named the Emigrant left Southampton yesterday for Port Philip, with above 200 passengers. The Calliope, a government emigrant ship, is expected to leave Southamp ton for Port Philip, filled with passengers, to-morrow.