The Express. — London, England, 1852-10-28 00:00:00

gite ervreoo. TO CORREBrONDENTS, - *sand !Atka * ' Mks ►Express." wt- kalast lOs mos estalPes Csisette."Y pildelvai sway Tessgsy ss-1 hW **W. a Iles Ise pan. trrreruserraseitstralsd ter" TM Esprers." Landes Reeds, mit, art be as Ile Moe, 10, lesserlo-urass, Two eels* ea Or dap of pablisstiss. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDOI. *me D..—likansg, lL Na Altatume. 2 lb. Wm. T .asoarom•—nertalag. 4h. 311. 1:1=. LONDON. THURSDAY, OCTOBER 28. THE news from Belgium will be read with plea sure by all Liberals. The reactionary party Lave Iraqi beaten just in time to set a good example to our friends nearer home. The fate of Belgium is still, however, in the balance. The crisis there is be coming a matter of European importance. Since its mliamtion from Holland and in its independent existence, Belgium liar been a constitutional country; —it is as such that its distinct nationality was guaranteed;—it is as a constitutional sovereign only LEorot.n has any title to reign;—it is because of its increasing improvement under a parlia mentary system, that England takes a deep inte rest in Belgium; and it is as a constitutional state wkly that it can preserve that neutrality which is so nerevsary to the Continent. Let constitutional go vcrument break down in Belgium, and there will be a struggle fur foreign predominance in its councils and affairs; it will lose its place in the European system ; and its degradation will promote and con firm the government of force, which is becoming the rukk of the rest of Europe, England and some minor' states excepted. The man in Belgium who chiefly gives evidence of king really and deeply imbued with constitutional prieciples, and a capacity to carry out parliamentary govt. rnment, seems to be the K INC himself. Through out his reign he has invariably yielded to the force of parliamentary majorities, and been content to choose his ministers from the party to which the electors have given a majority; and this, too, freely frankly, and unreservedly, wi bout intrigue, and without any orricre pems'e, like his father-in-law Lotto ritturer.. Ile has never exhibited any per lional partialities, but lcsl: • given his confidence to' the advisers selected in accordance with parliamentary practice. King Leorotri is now again about to form en NOW AM no doubt, very closely balanced in the Chambers. But that is no good reason fur public man nfter public man having shrunk, in the manner they have hitherto done, from meeting the Chambers as Ministers of the Crown. For no govern ment an, when parties are so even in num bers, tell whether it is in a minority in the legislature before it assumes the responsibi lital of office, and puts the legislature to the test; and herein has been the primary weakness of the various persons commissioned to form a Belgian Ministry of late. They at refused to test the Cham bers by accepting o ff ice. The Chamber of Deputies they thought might be disposed to reject the presi dent they wished • but amid such difiliulties as sur rounded not merely government, but nationality and independence, in Belgium, it was quite possible that the Chamber would hesitate in proceeding so far against a new political combination ; at all events that was a problem which could be decided by being put to the Chamber. The Chamber has now elected a Ihesident, and the future brightens. The practical question which Belgium is now decid ing before Europe is, whether the country possesses sufficient patriotism to work out conatitutimmi government. If it do not, then, however long k may stagger on under the present system, its dt4 mate fate cannot be doubtful. It is proper, then. fore, that the Belgian people should perfectly OW prebend their own position and the contingency invoiced in it. It is ter them to assist their Kim: in this crisis by such an expression of public opinion as will abate the prejudices and passions of their representatives, and release the country from an emergency full of danger and discredit. Their recent progress in wealth and material prosperity is entirely the result of constitutional government and temperate freedom; and those stimulants to further improvement they have been risking by tolerating what has literally been an interregnum. A parliamentary ministry of some sort is the first want of Belgium; the second an immediate arrange ment of its commercial relations with France. Situated as those two countries arc, there is almost as much hazard to Belgium in the absence of a com mercial treaty with Franc?, as there is in the ab same of En administration; and the ministry now being formed in Belgiumough t not to • day • kw in .coming to some understanding with their powerful neighbours u to the terms their re *pectin commerce is to be conducted on. M. 11Rot IN DE L'HVTa repudiates the notion that he, in such negotiations, seeks to coerce Bel gium; on the contrary, he .asserts, that Belgian requirements are hurtful to the interests of France; and if it be correct, u is stated, that Belgium, is the late negotiations, aimed at procuring from France such permanent advantmai for her coal as would for ever have excluded English coal from the French markets, Belgium deserves very little sympathy from this country, to whom, in the crime of kir history, she owed nearly everything. If this assertion be correct—it requires cienimeer tiro—it is then the duty of Lord MALMENBURR bah on the alert at present, and see whether Franca will not relax its heavy duties on English fuel. If the Empire means peace, an increase of commons be tween England and France would be one of the greatest victories Imperial pence could achieve. How to gain it is obvious enough, and was well shown the other day in a memorial from the Manchester Cham ber of Commerce to the CHANCELLOR Oi the EXCIIIIF EIFEL To protect car tailors and eeniattensy we still keep up of d ress, differential duty en =nal other articles dress, wholly or in putt . which, though yielding little or nothing to e if, venue, hinders our importing a larr_sine Ut goods. We also maintain similar &Meal insui silk manufactures, from which 1111.10 S. nit our greatest offence is the heavy impill>ie wines. has by a reduction on wine. a Pat we nest hope to operate on Franco; and that wit mold a• SIP in that way seems very probable. Ames the wit. nemessnatained before the Wine Duties Committee last suasion was the Baron DE CLAZIAN DE CLEW?, a large grower of Bourdeaux wines. When in Paris, on his was to London, the Baron told the committee he had an audience of the PIRELDENT, who encouraged him in his mission ; but expressed apprehension that the English government might make high demands for recaprocity; the PIIRSIDENT hoped; however, he said, to satisfy them on that point ; and referred the Baron to the Count Tremor, then Foreign Minister. The Baron waited on the Count; and he called in to his aid M. Gurrr.atm, Director-General do Douano ; and remarkably enough their coexemation at once fell on &Wien coals as a luaus of reciprocity for a relaxation of our wine duties. We do not demand recipro city—we should lower the wine duties forthwith; but if lower duties on coals followed trade would increase and peace be rendered more likely. Cheap iron, cheep cottons, cheap hardware, wend doubt less follow the first real steps towarthreluallo with France. What is wanted is to get the Ape of the free trade wedge inserted. An object so great is worth the rink se come English revenue, even if loss would follow, ma= think, a reduction of our duties on wine. Dedies. to increase the consumption of the lighter wines of France in England would, to use the words of the late Mr. POWER, "be a great moral blessing;" it weeld improve our habits and elevate our tastes; it would raise the character of an important trade, no - v gradually deteriorating in reputation ; and it.wpuld save both us and our colonies from the most detest. lade potable adulterations that the world ever knew. FATAL MAILWAT Aertetter.--Yeay morning 1111 r. Wit=itsid aa lowans In the beentoresa i Ve loyal Fen IN ea leen eue_ag, qpi I. a ag Greet Nerthere Miumiees. roeirese hely was very mei isinlinNl. Is appmed Item Ike eyeless, teat ma tee wee*/ ale W s seemed meths. amok islets it tarried its fa sesseseles, desseird hind from as FY& bra urn tie asp dew sr lie melees Is se Sae siseedlle IWO& eedl M wise Se Ws. Wee efte• ow bit bob; Mie nate is& len Se hip tell ..e.. sad bob= ; IFINSA sed, as. See Iles bei (tab bud. awl Ide we eel head irese=4. li mi g es tpseei bees. idea Ite mind. -y MOS? THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 28, 1852. FRANCE. than,..twenta companies resting upon solid founds thine, iiiiiiisetof these have been f or med by ausalga mations& as small undertakings. For example, the Aasin=ny, which employs 7,000 workmen, cionivissi Coven coacessions • the Blaney Company comprises Ave, the Great Comb. twelve, and the / Loire General Mining Company, twenty-seven. It was upon the occasion of the formation of this latter company several years ago that serious appriihen -1 lions area IV the public mind as to the possible coo : sequences of these large monopolies. It was feared i that a few powerful companies might command the market and make their own prices, to the prejudice I of the consumer. The legality of the amalgamation 1 was questioned upon the strength of certain clauses in • law of 1806, which the company contended was I abolished by the subsequent law of 1810, alluded to in the decree of the 23rd instant. However this may be, the fact that no steps were taken at the time to set aside the amalgamation, is a strong ' presumption in favour of its legality, and it is proved by various bills for regulating mining amalgamations for the future, which were laid before the Chamber of Deputies, and tho Constituent and Legislative Amon ' blies, that successive governments were of opinion that legislation was necessary to remedy the alleged evils. Norio of these bills passed, the Loire company ' was not interfered with; and it continued its opera ' tions up to the present hour. The immediate object , of the promulgation of the decree of Oct. 23 is now understood to have been to ;prevent the amalgama tion agreed upon, if not actually carried out, between the latter company and the Great Combs. But it seems to be quite clear that the decree oversteps the ' legal boundaries of the executive power. It refers in the preamble to the law of 1810 and to Art. G of the constitution of 1852. But that law enacted that mines should be alienable and transmissible like other property, with the single exception that they should not be sold ordivided without theauthority of the government. This, so far from being a provision against uniting several mines into one, merely prohibits one mine from being divided into several parcels, and, moreover, as I have stated above, the legal question about the Loire Company was rai sed upon the ground that a former law, not alluded to in the decree, re mained nnrepealed. It was taken for granted that this law ot 1810 did not restrict amalgamation. The 6th article of the constitution gives the President of the Republic power to make such regulations and decrees as may be necessary for the execution ot laws already made, but not to make new ones or to interpret those which exist. The Constilutionnel to-day in defending the decree uses an argument which admits its vice. This jour nal says the measure is not intended to have a retro spective operation, and therefore it will not affect the original amalgamation of the Loire Company, which will remain legal, assuming that it was so under tho law of 1810. This does not touch the complaint made by the companlee, which is that the President assumes to interfere with their property by his single decree in a way which can only lawfully be done by au act of the President, senate, and Corps Legislatif. The question will doubtless bo brought before a court of law, and unless the Council of State, as in the case of the Orleans property, should receive orders to quash the proceedings there can be little doubt of the result. A number of bills of importance have just been laid before the Council of State. Among them are, a bill for a credit of Zioo,ooofr. for the national breeding stud, a bill for regulating the butchers' trade, and a senate. consukisin for mottling the con ' stitution of Algeria. The tone of the ministerial prints with regard to Belgium is much more conciliatory than when lei. Granter de Cassagnac was employed to prophecy the war of tariffs which is now being carried on. In deed, since the famous text, "L'Empire c'est la pair," was given out at Bordeaux, the utmost pains is taken to use soft words with respect to all foreign countries. The government organs, ' not concealing their preference:for the catholic party, , now scrupulously admit the right of Belgium to choose for herself, and even go so far as to express regret that the liberal cabinet contemplated by M. de Brouckere did not succeed as a ministry of conciliation. The moral which they take occasion to draw from the present crisis, is that it furnishes • striking instance of the evil of parliamentary government. To show the increasing prosperity of Paris, the Moniteur observes as follows upon the last returns of the petrol duties:— . The receipts of the octrui of Paris up to the 16th inst. were 30,323,0001, or 2,4.57,000 f. more than up to the urns ' period of 1651, deduction being mode of six per cent. on the receipts since the Ist of May, 1851. If that propor tion continues, the total receipts of 1852 will amount t 38,463,600 f., wb:ch will be 3,932,600 f. above what was al misted on in the budget. At the Bourse, the Four-and-a-Half per Cents. fell .5c., closing at 106.55; tho 'three per Cents. fell 5c., ' and closed at 82.05. The Northern Railway was in ' immense request, and rose 37.50. Orleans rose 30; Bordeaux ani Teste, 18.75; Havre and Strasburg, 17.50; St. Germain, 15; Lyons, 6.25; Rouen, 3; Marseilles, 3.75. Western fell 10; Paris to Caen and ' Dieppe, 5 each. ITALY. SARDINIA. ...... . Our Correspondent, writing from Turin, on Sun day morning last, informs us of the expected minis terml crisis having taken place. The whole of the previous day had been spent by Count de Cevour with the King and the Chevalier d'Azeglio. Henoe it is inferred that a new ministry will be formed which will include in its list the names of both those statesmen. AUSTRIAN ITALY. The Augsburg Gazette has the following under the head of " The Po," but without naming the place : An Englishman, who had purchased a bouquet and Geed it to his breast, was arrested by the gendarmerie, who probably regarded it as a political usblem. TRIUMPH OF THE LIBERAL PARTY IN BELGIUM. intention to facilitate his advent to power, bat by setting him up last month in opposition to M. Ver. haegen, and this day to M. Mitotic, they hoped to raise insurmountable obstables to the return of liberals to office. Their calculation was this : In the present critical state of the relations of this country with France, his Belgian Majesty must be extremely desirous of having a ministry with's* delay. It may be taken for granted that under existing circumstances he will invite the President of the Chamber of Repr► soitatives, as the personification of the pat-Ur mentary majority, to undertake the task of com posing a cabinet. If M. Delehaye be elected presi dent, he cannot succeed in forming a ministry after the failure of ?4. de }kweekere, and in the case the clerical or react . i party will arrive, naturally as it were, to dim Mel l isi lar t en their calculation ; but they wn bus H. Deltosse, a sound and soodisd the majority of votes for dim pose d nt, the numbers being Si for him, and 60 . Delehays. The former will, no doubt, be nimmoned to the royal presence to-night, or in the Norse of to-mor row, and the impression is that he will not decline the task of composing a cabinet, milers, as on s former occasion, he be able to find a competent substitute. How high the spirit of party runs will be seen by the following extract from the Emancipation of this evening—one of the organs of the clerical, and, according to all appearances, of even the French party, in this kingdom: " The triumph of the Left in the election of the President and Vice-Presidents will be tantamount to a rupture with France, to the sacrifice of the linen trade, and to a crisis in our mineral and coal dis tricts. Such a triumph will render the construction of a cabinet impossible, will lead to parliamentary anarchy, and bring on commercial perturbation." The final majority for M. Delbase was 54, the num ber of votes for M. Delehaye being 49. Two vetea were given to M. Veydt, and one member put a blank in the ballot-box. Count Vilain XIV. has been elected first Vice-President of the Chamber. The victory of the Liberals has carried the greatest joy throughout this city, and the intelligence was telegraphed off immediately to Paris, where it will excite no slight dissatisfaction in a certain quarter. The above-quoted paper of yesterday mays:—" The ministry, with the construction of which M. de !Smuckere is charged, will appear to-morrow, or on the next day, in the Moniker. " simpli the dem, of authority en the one ltaist u T s i i a great national danger as the other. Since founded the Anna samisray end the French empire by emsquet. all Hie have all have Una national. They have all been chosen and sleeted by the free will of the nation, not imposed upon it by any foreign power. To this circumstance the historica l essayist of the CONSiaIaiMUSIII attributes the "immutability of the national character." Ho argue that while limo hes wrought changes for good or for evil in all other na. tiona, the Frenchman of the 19th century has the same distinctive merits and faults as the Gaul of the time of Caesar. An Englishman of the t day s ho contends, has nothing in commis with the Baum of the time of Harold, the 11_111141111a.4.411111111 111 Richard Comm de Lion, or thiTcontemporary of Shakespeare. He invites a comparison between the Black Prince and the Duke of Welling ton, two types of the English nation at two different epochs, two men equally dear to their nation, because equally fatal to France, for the pur pose f showing what changes time, protestantism, and trade have made in the national characteristics of Englishmen. I will not stop my analysis to in quire tho meaning of this curious jumble of three heterogeneous elements of the change alluded to, nor to criticise the taste of the illustration. The writer proceeds to say that the continuity of the French national character accounts for the severe logic of the events of French history, and that an examination of the certain evident causes of changes of dynasty in France will show them to have all been almost ex actly identical. Each crisis has arisen from similar circumstances, and has been solved in nearly the same manner. The descendants of Clovis fell be cause the " long-haired race of kings," the " faintans" were not equal to the task of saving French society from Saxon invasion in the north, and Christianity from Muasulman invasion in the south. Here was weakness on one hand and danger on the other. God then raised up Pepin d'Henstal and Charles Martel, the precursors of the Carlovin gian dynasty, speedily called to the empire by the voice of the church and the prayers of the people. Two centuries later this dynasty, that fulfilled its mission so gloriously in the person of Charlemagne, was undermined by the development of the feudal system. Unable to protect the people from the de vastations of Norman inroads, its authority became despised. The exploits of Robert the Strong and Hugh the Great against the Normans won public admiration, and led to the foundation of the third dynasty, which was established when Hugh Capet, Count of Paris, Abbot of St. Denis, a feudal king, the friend of the priests, a wise and prudent man, and the founder of modern monarchy, mounted the throne. The head of the article being "The fourth Dynasty," we jump at once from Hugh Capet to Napoleon. The necessities of the argument oblige us to assume that in the interval there were no weak monarchs and no pressing dangers. The Revolution of 1789 created a new society, new interests, and new wants; and at the same time let loom hordes of barbarians—the Huns and Vandals of the nineteenth century—who have menaced Europe with total ruin for the last fifty years. Out of the fall of the Bam boos and the perils of Jacobinism grew the mis sion of Napoleon, which was and is to organise new society, to conquer anarchy, to enable France to enjoy the benefits of the revolution, and at the same time to bring the revolutionary period to an end. That extraordinary man understood and was equal to his mission : he was at once the Pepin d'Heristal, the Robert the Strong, the Charlemagne, and the Hugh the Great of his race. Ho was overthrown by the efforts of coalesced Europe, but his name retesined in the hearts of the people. His aon never ceased to be endeared to them by the bitterness of his exile and his melancholy destiny, and finally his nephew and heir had only to pronounce his name at a moment of political perplexity to bring to him the mass of the people, who invested him with the supreme magistracy. By these marvellous signs, the ar gument concludes the establishment of a dynasty may be recognised. It will be observed that the 34 years of peace and frequent prosperity enjoyed un der the Bourbons after the overthrow of Napoleon, is unceremoniously passed over, and thrown into the period of 50 years peril. But, such as it is, this his torical sketch is the best attempt that I have lately seen to place Napolconi-m ins rational light, and not upon the basis of blind hero worship and degrading superstition. Bina it is clear that the fourth dynasty will be installed, if not established, an inquiry into the causes of its existence is at least a fair subject for speculation. The commander of the French post at Babel, on the Senegal, about 180 leagues from the mouth of the river, has reported to the Minister of Marine, that last year he visited a portion of the river above the Cataract of Felon, where the ricer falls from a height of between 15 and 20 yards. This fall is about 30 leagues distant from Babel. The prin edpal object of the journey was to ascertain whether the obstacle presented to navigation by the cataract siktt not be avoided, and it was ascertained that it eould be by the iraprovemest of a natural road known to the natives. Tba tommander proceeded 20 days' journey beyond the Pam He was every where received by the chiefs of the different tribes in a very cordial manner, and they memilksted autrong desire to enter into relations dememeree and Mead ship with France. The populations et the dilhemt soontrim, who had long been M mar, were then at peace ; and they appeared indedelons. Their oc eepation is agricultural, and they pram* millet and rice in abundance. Frees what the commander learned, it would be easy to cultivate °Wilsons grain in those countries, and to tern the natural pro ductions, amongst which appears to be gotta perch*, to account. The Minister of the Marine has ceased the report of the commander to be published in the Rivals Cbloniak, and has directed the attention of the Chambers of Commerce shall be called to it. A Illeniateh from the Governor of — Senegal an num' the wreck of the brig Apollon, of Marseilles, on the 11th July, on the coast of Cayor, in the mouth of the Senegal. It was proceeding to Gambia in ballast. The natives made no attempt at pillage, and all that could be removed from the vessel was saved. From the return just published of the movement in the beet root sugar manufactory, from the lit of September to the end of that month, it appears that 34 manufactories only had resumed work, which is, however, one more than last year at the same date. The quantity produced was 188,490 kilogrammes, or 103,832 kilos. more than last year. The quantity delivered to consumption from manufactories and from entrepots shows a total of 3,249,139 kilos., being a decrease of 163,771 kilos. from the former, and an increase of 677,324 kilos. from the latter. There re mained in the manufactories 7,874,479 kilos., and in entrepot 947,349 kilos., being an increase of 2,804,018 kilos. for manufactories, and of 194,418 kilos. for the entrepots on the mutts of the oorrespoodiug periods of the preceding season. At the Bourse the Four-and-a-Half per Cents fell 35c., closing at 108.60. The Three per Cents, closed without change at 81.10. The Dieppe Railway rose 20L; Havre, 15; Northern, 13.75; Orleans, 10; Marseilles, 6.25; Bordeaux and Test*, Bt. Germain, and Straeburg, 5 each. PARIS, WIDNIIIDAT EYSKIKO. The iecree of October 23, prohibiting the amalga. mation of mines without the authorisation of govern ment, has made a great sensation among the mining companies, to many of whom it is an unexpected blow of a most serious description. One great reason for the comparative unproduetiveness of the French coal mines is their subdivision among a number of small companies, unable to command sufficient capi tal to work them properly. There are at least 270 different coal mines in France which do not together produce more than 6 millions of tons, a quantity barely equal to the product of 10 of the great Eng lish mines. Although the number of concessions originally made to mining oompaniss is so large, there sic not, perhaps, at this moment more • I PARIS, TORISDAT ETINIKO. BRUSSELS, TisanlsEvan' v Th e c a ol ut i oioh i h a an nnionaliat artist ors The clerical party of this kingifotrasthe emitting charade, than the morality of sash re inimical :o its liberal constitution, and blevoted to psalm* which, foe the most , are mere odes Louis Napoleon, has been defeated otitheithet . prose, nting Louis Na as all wise, all werfalall its ignoble intrigues, and Its OM! more e N k irteons, all po . article begins by he that the hundatios et a attempts to divide the libersemaientr•- Not Krim to put forward a candidate of its own for the poet' dybasty one or:r ig : m ost curious plissomena that President of the Chamber of Representatives, that Inatory can offer to the meditations bf the thinker party again toted this day fur M. Delehaye, one of and the observation of the statesman. The law the members for Ghent, and hitherto a stanch liberal, which governs these phenomena in Prance, it how- Div reactionary supporters had not, of course, any ever professes to have discovered. That law is ..... i__ NAPOLEON 111. OR NAPOLEON 11. ? The French Journal of Frankfort publishes, under the form of letters from Vienna, articles to which, whether correctly or not, the other German journals attribute a semi-official origin. "Having regard to the assurances of peace given by Louis Napoleon at Bordeaux, the powers." says the Frankfort journal, " will acknowledge the empire in France, for they themselves have the greatest interest in the main tenance of European peace, and in there being at length an end of the changes in the form of !govern ment and in the dynasties of France, and it is not their business to place obstacles in the way of the man to whom it is reserved to attempt this diffi cult work, provided that the first step taken with' this view tends towards the peace of Europe. The powers have twice (in 1814 and in 1815) enabled the elder branch of the Bourbons to re-mount the throne of their ancestors, but they could not maintain their position, still less could they arrest the revolution in France. Neither has the younger branch of the Bourbons been in a condition I to pat an end to the revolution, for the second repub- I nc was the revolution en permanence. The feeling of fidelity has been destroyed in France by these (fe -1 lquent changes. Neither under the last twaitingsof the 'cider branch, nor under Louis Philippe has she known the obedience of the heart. She has only obeyed be cause she was obliged. The great task of Louis Napoleon is that of transforming the only faith which the nation has preserved—the faith in the re membrance of the glorious and powerful Emperor Napoleon—into a true faith, and forced obedience into voluntary and spontaneous obedience. The powers will see in the title of Emperor adopted by Louis Napoleon a resurrection of the title of the Boman naperalores. That is to say they will not admit of Napoleon ILL They recognised a Louis' XVU., but a Napoleon 11. PROTEST OF THE JEWS OF ON•THLMAINE. The Israelites of the free city of Frankfort have addressed to the Senate the tellowie protest spinet their cent exclusion item the IS Mph Asian et Tretabani.theoespailloi wesoorial aell ponds. 4red ins sus negessitliersentense) diem, Agee Meer are weis=el i teusling the upheld ise paha mai is Iftspostoshemninewft yrentilgated laws, Warmest pebble sot seism pianism is the part of the itghost sober* Is the some. if the ma t sot yessally :reeareelse et • right ere* wise el pews, sel ls:4 a tee er pieetwoosep, sail We its poseswere wweNwse that they wield wow be saelestail en ita as thou Melts the 7r ,t inure at the eseheohn hes how eiy apprehension diet dispelled inn doh eltelingese wail ens he. Mohr 1144 *et gawp weeliewer be mole te bobs book the osill anAtie reoliinisse et a pet ent i r s z . ig=tilte howear fOlOrnelent imed nithaten be li semi as eelle pubis ells pines ins sodessesisso enrols, ass modals/ te deism the. la imager sonnehlown of ess ofighto we were wail now en ema M we seared worth was threatening reports which seadal we kost ray sides. It medal gag foots as have sew ems te light le MI as with tree ass ure fee the peowescioa of oar oesediselead peoldoo. la poseseee. /however, et these nets, we way set dole ear eyes : OWEN wader each elossaiitaawe night appose Ma a warder of our selblest power lies% whose swam gassilensliip is a duty Imperatively essemensit to as by regard beset ewe beeper, ditty to our haw betimes awilaweinpopearadese, eel sopssially towage the dos mime gimp semi welkin met enfor by the essagfill et • esstilerable peons, of its Litigious. Although the Ina a ear comnianion has fel. elld the day of rep/again our case in weasorials„ esesswelested to she Oro* Kay 24th • sod Gao -1 bet ass of this peewee • peer, to the retests. of Ake we heartily &absinthe, we hel maim further antalla te present the respestfal petition that the Senate may be yansed to exercise every means at HI dMilleand is oppedilse to all who would withdraw hew amber, of the Irsolllthh senerduhatr Bu i t s t .1,11 lie weeeee ,4t =l2rfesseni. should ~Jew ebbe* be reprowed, we boss selowslp . ream ear eidelbodble dynes, es4 de eding that WM pipit et het we way he bigness" he their seers* th. y canal* be torn from us. We snit -musingly nuke our sacred cause good in every muses pormlebod by the laws, and justice of our claims shall be piversally askwewleWail. (H. , re follow tho signatures of Oa Jewish einem of Frankfort). THE POST-orrice_—On Tuesday was printed a parUsaseatary tabular Mars (obtained by Viscount Dun = siseisi the ember apnoeas employed I. the Post deportmiat f or is asd Scotlaad, and this. ount frttl. l° AZ eet similar returo n ' aro I d :g n l g air l d he „alesBarl' printed a short time back, and from tee twe aa retante It war , pears that there has been a yearly increase in the somber lof pence, employed. In the metropolitan branch of Eng , land and Wales, in 1835, there were only 1,760 psalm ea ' played, and the salaries. wages, sad allowances were 113,0521. 13e. 4d. la 1831 the ameba had increased to 8,348, ` sad the payment& to 283,3602 16e. bd. 1a the provineial branch of England and Wales ia 1835 there were 2,880 m oon. employed at 78,3311. 16s. Bd., and in 1851 there were 10,781 et '261,6321. 17s. 6d. In Indeed there were in 1836 , at the oat ropolitan branch 300 persons at 21,3511. 17e. 3d , awl la 1831 394 persons at 45,0431.35. 3d. In the provia iiii branch of Ireland in 1836 them were 698 persons at 118.8182/. 3A. 94., and in 1851 the number sou 1,631 at 111871. 17.. 6J. In Scotland. ir. 133 i, at the metropolitan branch, there were 161 at 12,6191., and in 1851 268 persons at 21,1461. 84. 7d.; whilst at the provincial brai.eh of Scot land is 1834 there were 784 persons at 16,7681.25. 10d., sad is 1861 1,024 persons at 36,7601. Ils. 31. In the colonial laird tarts abroad, in 1835, there were 332 ponces em tat. at 17.. 44., and la 1851 939 parsons at SPAIN. MADRID, Ocr. 21. The Herald° says that the success of the Almanur Railway is now assured. It will be finished at the period fixed by the concession. The manager has found means to place at 60 per cent., by way of de posit, the shares which were taken by an English company, and these shares will only be thrown upon the market when good prices can be obtained for them. There was a tumour to-day, for which, however, there does not seem to be auy foundation, that MM. Reyna° and Ordonez were about to retire from the cabinet. In answer to inquiries at the English embassy, it is stated that no instructions have been received to prepare for the arrival of Lord Howdcn. According to reports in circulation, it will be very difficult for the representatives of the Basque pro vinces and the government delegates to come to an understanding upon the Enema" question. MALTA, Omega 29. Triton, with the Indian Mail on board, has arrived three days at least before she was expected. The usual bulletin accompanies. I yesterday wrote by French steamer, detailing the heavy gale that set in on Wednesday. Two bodies of the sixteen lost from the Neapolitan and Austrian vessels have washed ashore. The damage done by the ga le on shore will not be repaired under 2.5,0001., to at least I hear, but it seems to me a very high fig u r e . Firebrand came in last evening from Corfu. The Ad miral arrived there on 19th (evening), and was to leave on Tuesday next (20th) for this place; so we may expect them by the end of next week. Scourge, steam frigate, will ac oompany the Admiral. Sampson, steam frigate, was to have left Corfu on the 1 20th, for station at Constantinople. Firebrand eteam•frigate will leave this port tomorrow for the Gibraltar station. On her passage she assisted a schooner, the Fairy, on shore near Cervi, and which vessel the West, would not • , evidently hoping to Nee her break up, when, without doubt, they would have plun dered her. . _ Shearsrater steamer was to leave the Corfu waters for Malta on 21.1 .instant • • The Lord Comm issioner and his family bad arrived at Corfu on the 18th, and was warmly received, all the senato and employes going to the beach to receive him, and accompanied him to his palace. A conrt martial (says one report, a court of enquiry, says another) has been held on Lieutenant Macdonald, of the N ig-ship, officer of the watch at the time of her nearly running over the Firebrand steamer. It terminated in • full and entire acquittal of that officer. The object of the Firebrand being ordered to Oibraltar, is, I hear, to keep in check the Riff pirate', and people of similar character, who have been again firing on our ships approaching their shore too closely. fibs was speeially re gusted by his Ilsoelleary the Governor of Gibraltar. TURKEY. The following telegraphic despatch, dated Trieste, 25th Inst., was (says the Th , bata)received yesterday : —" The Turkish loan is definitively refused. The Bank is sending cash to France." „ This despatch," adds the DAsto," does not bear the date from Con stantinople, but in all probability it corresponds with the departure of the Austrian packtt, which should have taken place on the 16th. Thus the govern ment of the Sultan, yielding to the pressure exercised by the old Turkish party, has definitively refused to recognise the contract entered into by its representative in Paris. We shall soon ace what will be the consequences of this deplorable resolution." In the same jo urnal we read Letters from Vienna which have arrived thi. day in Paris bring from Constantinople, by way of Belgrade, news which is paid to be of posterior date to that received yeater thy by the French packet Lyeurgue. The importance of this intelligence will be very great if it is confirmed. It is, in fact, announced on the one hand, that an insurrection has broken out at Constantinople ; and on the other, that the French ambas , ador hsd lined a term of seven days for the settlement of the difficulty, after which he would &- I mend his musports, if the loan concluded at I'aria by its representative were not ratified. We print th.se reports without guaranteeing them, first, because we are unable to verify the date whioh should he given to the letters; nod nest, became we very much doubt that the post from Con. atantinople by Belgrade could Ming news faster than our steamer. INDIA. THE OVERLAND MAIL. THE WAR WITH BURMAIL We have received our usual despatches, in antici pation of the Overland Mail from India. 'flie dates are—Bombay, Oct. 2; Calcutta, Sept. 20. Our Bombay correspondent writes as follows : BOMBAY, Oct. 2. By next mail it is probable you may hear of some hard fighting having tak •n place in Burmah. The first movement of our troops was ordered to take place on the Pith or 18th ultimo, on which date the following troops were to have embarked in the small steamers to be conveyed up to the Irrewaddy, where they were to be transhipped to the Sesostris and other larger vessels for transportation to PIOITIC: H.M. 18th Royal Irish, ILM. 80th Foot, the 35th M.N.1., a full company of Madras artillery, with a bullock battery and two eight-inch iron howitzers, and a strong party of Sappers and Miners, under Brigadier Reynolds, 18th R.I. The General was to accompany the brigade, and remain at Prume for a few days, when, should all remain quiet, ho would return to Rangoon and take up the follow ing, under Brigadier Elliot, Slat K. 0. L. 1., the ♦oth Bengal and 9th Madras N. 1., a company of Bengal Artillery, and a farther detail of Sappers. It was fully expected that the first brigade would meet with very great resistance before entering Prome, a' the Burmese were collected on the banks of the river in great numbers, with a few guns placed in com manding positions. It is said that before this ad vance was ordered, the King of Ava had been written to by the Governor-General while at Ran goon, stating that further hostilities might be averted by his Majesty paying down 330,0001., 1:40001. as indemnification for the losses sustained by British subjects before the declaration of war, and 30,0001. per month for the expenses occurred since April last. 180,0001. is an extremely moderate sum, indeed, for war expenses, and would, I should think, barely cover the outlay already incurred by us. There seems to be no truth in the report that the Governor-General intends revisiting Rangoon. On the assembling of the troops at Promo it is believed that the country up to that city will be declared an nexed to the British dominions, and preparations made for an advauce on the capit.,l. The Hastings, 74, Winchester, 50, and Fox, 42, were lying off Ran goon ; the natives were not a little surprised at the size of the former vessel. It is a pity these noble specimens of our woodon walls cannot get up the Ir rawaddy as far as Promo at all events. The Ist Madras Fusiliers, the 19th N. 1., the troop of Horse Artillery, and the Sappers, had all reached Rangoon. The Bengal brigade were on their way to Calcutta for embarkation on the steamers Feroze and Moor suffer. These corps, with the 3th end 19th M.N.1., were to occupy Rangoon, Martaban, Bassein, and Maulmain. The cavalry portion of the ltamghur light infantry battalion is, it is said, to be sent over to the seat of war—the whole battalion had some time since volunteered for foreign service. Major W. H. Budd has been appointed deputy commissary general to the army of Aye, and Dr. Pitt, field sur geon. The 68th N.I. left Calcutta for Kvouk Phyoo on the 19th ult. to relieve the 3:h M.N.I. which proceeds on to ltangoon. Mr. .11f'Mardo, mate of the Fox, was accidentally drowned in the Rangoon river by the upsetting of a canoe on the night of tho 9th ult. One of the handsomest and largest of the bells captured at Rangoon has been presented to the Governor General by the captors. Another bell, weighing 758 lbs., valued at 1251., has just reached Calcutta, consigned to Latter, Brother, and Co. Tho climate at Rangoon was pleasant, and the lualth of the troops good. Provisions were abundant, but dear. Brigadier-General Roberts reached Peshawur on the 10th September. The Commissioner, Colonel Maekeson, had itone out on a tour into the Hazarah and Korat districts. The two outposts under Lunn den and Hardioge had united, and taken up a position at Tungee, where a fort was being con structed. Hero they could keep watch over the dis affected: the Swateee, ?domande, Ensufzaiees, and Afreedies were reported to be preparing to renew the strife, and it was feared a force would shortly have to take the field again to meet and dispel them. On the 17th the 65th N.I. had 514 men in hos pital, and fully a third of the troops were unfit for duty. Cholera had appeared amongst the 60th Rides at Sullundhur. We hear but little from Meehan, but there sick ness was fortunately not over prevalent. Descend ing the Irides to Shikarpore and Sukkur, we find half the troops laid up with fever, and every likeli hood of the Murree" descending from their hills to take advantage of this for them auspicious state of matters. The river had risen to a very considerable height and inundated the country, and the exhalations caused from the slimy deposits from the water by a fierce san, were of course the prolific causes of fevers and dysentry. At Hyderabad few deaths bad latterly occurred; but every third man had been sick or ailing. Coming down to Kurrachee, on the sea-coast, we find sickness comparatively rare. A collection of articles for home of SAnde manufac tures is being made by subscription. 'Major Shawe, late of the '22nd N. 1., accused of having, in dis obedience of orders and in breach of military dis cipline, counselled the Khyrpore Amcor as to the course he should adopt, has arrived in Bombay under a -rest, in order to stand a court-martial. I take the following notice of the Nizam's domi nions from the Times : We take the following piece of information from a Hyde rabad (Deccan) letter published iu the Ca . eisaa Enigliehmius of the loth Sept. Tho writer appears to us te take too fa vourable a view of the cue for the contingent—the news for them seems too good to be true .—" The resident has advertised that he will receive offers for bills on the places where the contingent is cantoned. This manifests but too palpably that the relations between the two governments, especially in regard to the pay of the con tingent, are about to undergo a change, and one of two results can alone follow. A general interference or sequestration of territory, to such an extent that the revenues thereof shall be competent to cover the pay of the contingent. — It has always appeared to us that our own government ehoald in the first place pay up the contingent, and afterwards insist on repayment fruits the Niue* trea sury—troops cannot live without pity in the Deccan more than anywhere else The account given by the corre spondent who supplies the above of the state of matters at the capital, is deplorable. Several panics were besieged in their own houses by bodies of Arab mercenaries in the pay of their creditors. The Minister seems the prime mover in these matters, and is believed to be playing a game of fast and loose with his royal muter which he dared not have at tempted bad he not reckoned on the support of the British. Tho resident is said to hold him personally in contempt, even while state policy requires that ho should show him countenance in public matters. No fewer than seven battles arc said to have been fought since the transfer of Edlabad and Walloon from their old to new muters—who had, we presume, offered a higher sum for the governorships than those they sup erse d e d." Lord Falkland leaves Poona on Monday for tho Mahabuleshwar Hills: when his health may allow him to return to Bombay is unknown. He may perhaps take a run down in November to receive and swear in to council Lord Fitselarenee. Dr. Gibb, of the medical board, has retired, and goes home by this evening's steamer. Thia brings Dr. Mouldier° into the board, and gives Dr. Itooke a superintendin g surgeoncy. Major Del Haste, deputy quartermaster general, has also retired, and leaves today. Make Adams will succeed him. Mr. T. Ogilvy, Commie. sioner at Sattarah, goes on leave to Egypt. Mr. M. A. Coxon acting for him during his absence. Lieut. J. Rennie, I. N., has gone round to Burraah to take command of the Zenotia steam frigate, lately left by Commander Ball, who died on his way home I just after leaving Aden. Lieut. Constable goes on sea yey to the Gulf of Arabia and Kuttiawar Coast, in the Euphrates. The artilleryman (Duncan Mclnnes) who killed the staff-sergeant of his company I (Smith), at Belgaum on the nth August, has been I sentenced to be hung. Mr. Sirens, chief magistrate of police, goes to the hills on three months leave, Mr. Rivet carrying on his duties. Tire barque Runnymede has started for Australia with about eighty emigrants. Another vessel follows about the end of the month, if she gets a sufficient number of passengers. 231 soldiers of whom 180 belong to the 88th foot, have applied for their dis charge, and will likely sail in the Ilamuody. Many have bolted of late from Bombay, and are supposed to have gone down to Cochin, there to await the Iturinymede's arrival ; and a naught ruf special bailiffs have also been sent to that port to try and put a stop to the gallop of the swindlers. A number of the Indian navy had deserted and the sloop Elphinatone followed the vessel out to sea, brat only succeeded in capturing one of the runaway Jacks. Six persons who kept away from the Runnymede, till they thought all the bailiff's had left her lust their passage, she having got too fur out to sea, before they left the shore to follow her—their kit is on board! There is no truth whatever in tho reprt noticed in my last, that Captain the lion. Byron Corey, private secretary to the Governor, goes borne. During the past month 829 deaths have occurred, of which 19 only have been from cholera. This is the lowest amount of mortality during any month in Bombay, for a eery long time past. The European community has lout twelve during the month—chiefly soldiers and seamen. The native petition un the Charter will, it is said, go horns by next mail. A Bombay Association of Natives on native grievances and wants has been some time in existence.. but seems to be getting on slowly with their work. Colonel Outrum, you will see, has gained the day over the Bombay Government, as far as it was possible for hire to do with a Court, who openly avow that the authorities is India must be supported, whetlfre riyht or wrong. It is believed here that Colonel Sykes and a few other directors have entered protests against the decision of the Court in the matter; and we arc told I that Parliament has called for all the papers con nected with it. P.S. The G. S. S. S. Harbinger reached Madras on tho 23rd Sept. Captain A. A. Lighton, 3.lth M.N.1.. has obtained leave to the Cape and New South Wales; as also has Lima. S. W. Jervis, 30th M.N.I. Assistant Surgeon A. Grant, the Governor General's medical attendant, is, it is said, to be secretary to the Medical Board—an office ivies rMbly I believe, hitherto held by a surgeon. [Vet Coasmerti al [sten*ewe see pege 4., AUSTRALIAN GOLD FIELDS. The following items of intelligence respecting tho Australian gold diggings have come to hand by re cent arrivals : Tire Antnenomnir Dieortens.—Tuna Creek and its diggings aro begionaing to attract the attewiun of the Bathurst gold buyers, a few of whom visit the place periodi cally for the prosecution of their mercantile pursuits. Several rather large samples have lately reached Bathurst in this manner. Messi s. Samuel and Co., and Mr. Curtis, watchmaker, are the principal buyers. From a circum stance related to us a few evenings ago, it appears that the trickery practised at the Victoria diggings, which has lately been exposed by the Argus, is not unkwien on our side of the country. A gold buyer from Omelburn, whose name we are prevented (roes rahlishing by n prudent regard for the provisio ,s of the libel law, was not eery long since de tected at Tuena Creek, 'n the commission of a piece of ' cheatery, whilst in the act of weighing gold. The Lem of his gold-scales was so constructed that it could be moved a notch from the centre, thus converting it into a species of steelard, by giving it a long arm and a short one. The gain to the forcer and consequent loss to the seller in the transaction of even a moderately extensive business, would thus be considerable. The delinquent, we are informed, was speedily hooted of the diggings, where he has not ventured to re-appear. As we have 13;fore stated, the best security to the digger against fraud is the possession of a set of adjusted weights and scales, the cost of which would not probably exceed his loss in selling a large parcel to a fraudulent purchaser. If the diggers generally were to take this precaution, dis honest buyers would grow chary of ri.king their reputation by such malpractices. Die Therm diggings aro steadily but slowly progressing, and from the tenor of the latest accounts, require nothing so much as labour to place them in a respectable position amongst our most remune rative gold fields. In proof of this assertion, it is only necessary to state that all the steady workers aro doing very well, making at the least very goad wages, whilst same of them may he classed amongst the lucky diggers. A person at "Marks Point, named Larkbans, I with his party, has been making 4 on. of gold per day. Mr. Lee's party from 2 ounces to 3 ounces, and others equally well. Mr. William Brown has lately hit upon a rich spot between Marks' Point awl Fox's station, and is doing a very fair stroke." One old man, whose name we did not learn, has made 10 ounces of geld during the last fortnight by his own labour. In fact, it appears that the country about Tuena and Copperhania Cre, ks has only been scratched. Few holes have been dug of any consider able depth, and tunnelling has not been attempted. Many of the diggers follow their pursuit rather as en amusement than otherwise, spending half their time in idleness, and a few of them in dissipation. Several good holes have lately been rescued on Mr. Smith's purchased land, Turns Creek, and there arc many promising points still untouched. Al together there aro about 40 diggers at work irside his boundary line, whilst the remaining 140 to 150 are digging upon government lands. At Limestone Hut, near the source of Copperhania Creek ; there are about a doses men employed, who aro making good wages, and a few are digging near the junction of Little-Bread Creek with the Abercrombie, whoa* fortunes are on about a par with their neighbours of tho Limestone Hut. An isolated party may also be seen here and there slong the banks of the river, but so fir as can be ascertained, their earnings are scarcely worth recording. Of course, diggers are as fond of grog at Deena Creek as elsewhere, win provision is ROW making to supply their wants in this particular commodity. Two public houses are is course of erection by Messrs. Morrie and Marks, both ooulburn people, who have already made application for their licenses. Mr. Asaistant.Commis. donee Zouch left the Turon in the early part of last week, for the purpose of taking charge of the Abercrombie du trier, and is daily experceil at Turns Creek, where ihe cam mistioner's quarters are for the present to be need. Hitherto the licenses have been collected by Sergeant Hip. I well, of the mounted pollee. For the past month upwards of eighty were obtained. MouNearcr Rue DlGOlNolll.—Little has been ssid about the Mountain Run Diggings, for the simple reason that, Incept to the diggers themselves, little has been known. At present they embrace the country watered, or perhaps rather, drained, by the Mountain Run. Brown's and Calula Creeks. Hitherto, Brown's Creek only has been known in connexion with the production of gold, tint the diggers have never been very numerous upon it, a!thoogh a few have done well in that locality. At present the thirster* have migrated to the Mountain Run Creek, where there are about fifty at work, the mast of whom are m a king good wages, •Id some of them something more. One individual iuformed us that himself, a man, and a little boy, had fre quently made as much as 2 on. or gold per day. The Moun tain Run Creek is a tributary of Brown's Creek, and the spot where the men are now at work is about a mile front the junction. There are a few parties also at work upon Calula i Creek, where gold has recently been found. stab Many other n the vicinity have been described to as as highly auriferous, more or less gold being found in every panful of earth subjected to the washing process, and in some places of a coarse description. It hue's° been found in the neighbourhood of the Three Brothers, in lumps is large as beans, the country thereabouts ptewnting an ex ternal appearance very similar to that about the Dirt Holes and Tainbaroor.t. The principal didiculty experienced at present in working the Mountain Run digging: is the shun. dance of water, which springs upon them hetore the diggers have sunk to any considerable depth. The discoveries being almost weekly made in every direction, and about which, after the first announcement, little more is heard, affird abundant evidence of an almost boundless gold Hel d in these di.triete, which, for the present, must remain very partially dest loped for want of a population. or until the greater glories of our principal diggings have shed a portion of their lustre. A VETFRAN TRUMPF.TER.—WiIIem Keigbtley, the present trumpet-major of the Royal llorse Guards, hes been attached to that regiment upwards of 46 ran, hav i ng been attested to the same in 1806. Ile is the old,st s cr,itig soldier in the army. He was at the battle of Vittoria in the Star 1813, and was appointed trumpet major to the corps in 1816. Ile, moreover, was acting state trumpeter at the funeral of King George 111., nt Windsor, in Jauoary,lB2o, as also at the proclamations, coronations, and funerals of the two bUCCeiliVe monarchs, George IV. and William IV., respectively, and performed a similar office at the oclamation of her present Must Gracious Ms jests' Queen Victoria. He also signalised the moment at which the late Archbishop of Canterbury imposed the crown of England upon the brow of our Queen in West minster Abbey. on the 28th of June, 1838. The trumpet mayor is in hie 65th year. Plij e prim it 'd 1 too, NSW l'r Holm bury the I Th to-do Th Seclt the t. n ot lie. with Wii deal, into done speetf of CV %lief the it al lug I TI Mr and e tole than Mt it wa an a statu of It be gt posin Th hon. coon his q the e ritOli yr (Mr. he w Lama Indio Mr hide was i It wi him i and I mots Cal sible one e those resoh 111‘111.1.', Tli torn ienth with( hl t be IQ 'were Th