The Express. — London, England, 1847-11-16 00:00:00

Young Oxford" should be preserved from contami nation, and even the statutes were violated, in the eagerness which was felt to guard against heresy in high places. Three or four years, however, passed, and circumstances had altogether changed. Ortho doxy, under the pressure of the tractarian innovators, found itself on the point of falling over on the other side. Dr. HAMPDEN, though he had been put ander the ban of the united religious parties, was more especially obnoxious to the followers of Dr. Pt sey and Mr. New- MAN. On the base of communes inimiciti& against the trsctarians the alleged heretic was pardoned, and those who bad most fiercely voted against him as an anti churchman most eagerly forwarded his restoration to university rights, when he had become identified with hostility to Puseyism. This is, we presume, the reason of the silence of the Standard, and this will prevent any united or popular protest against the appointment of the Bishop of Hereford. The Uni versity of Oxford must at any rate rejoice—that part of it which supporta Dr. HAMPDEN in his success, and the remainder in the hope of a more authentic professor of divinity. By the death of the Archbishop of YORK, a sum, amounting, we believe, to 9,0001. a year, is placed at the disposal of the ecclesiastical commissioners. Their revenues would have been further increased by the appointment of the Bishop of LONDON to YORK, and the consequent vacancy of his present see. It was, however, hardly to be expected, even if the offer had been made, that a step in rank would induce the bishop to accept a smaller income than that which he at present , and a situation of perhaps lees influence. Ve are not sorry that the offer was with held—Dr. BLOXIFIELD has, we think, no just claim to any honour or reward beyond those which he has long enjoyed. AMIDST the congratulations naturally excited by the gradually improving tone of the reports of the great markets of Lancashire, there is one serious drawback, and one important element of alloy, which still creates anxiety and excites our deepest com miseration. We learn with the liveliest satisfaction that among the leading merchants and manufacturers of the great county palatine there is more confidence, and many symptoms of returning prosperity. But it must be confessed that this improved cheerfulness on the one hand is almost more than neutralised by the deepening gloom, which appears to be overtaking the middle and lower ranks of that great commercial community. The merchant is relieved, but dis tree' and insolvency are making . lamentable havoc among the toiling and anxious trades people and shopkeepers, whose fortunes rise and fall with the vicissitudes in the condition of the labouring and artisan population. The wholesale suspension of railway works has cat off the resources of hundreds of families, and the sudden cessa tion of the immense weekly expenditure of these persons is exhibiting itself, we fear, in the shape of engagements unmet, rents unpaid, creditors disap pointed, bailiffs on the alert, and all the other bitter and afflicting indications, that a great and sudden re verse of fortune has fallen upon the poorer classes of a whole district. It is impossible to contemplate the mental anguish and the physical suffering which, under any circumstances, must be inseparable from such a calamity, without recurring with an anxiety whetted by every emotion of sympathy and solicitude to the consideration of the argument which affirms that our only , hope of ultimate deliverance is to be found in an inflexible and sweeping discontinuance of an expenditure on railways, which for so long a period has been proceeding at a rate in excess of our resources. The events which are passing on every hand urge us more than ever to scrutinies the grounds and defences of this doctrine with a most inquisitive scepticism. Is it really trite that our labouring classes are being re duced to the condition of paupers, because the nation is emphatically so near the brink of beggary that it can no longer afford to Snd them employment ? The magnitude of the interests at stake demands most im peratively that this question should be sifted to the bottom before it is permitted to accelerate the diffusion of a distress, which every man must deplore. For our part, we totally disbelieve in the dismal tenet of national poverty which during the last few months appears to have acquired many of the advantages or disadvantages which appertain to a fashionable opinion. We do not think that our spare capital is exhausted, and that the policy of the country is reduced to the naked form of a simple alternative, which places us in the dilemma of ()easing to be merchants and manufac turers, and becoming railway contractors ; or of ceas ing to be railway contractors, and continuing to be merchants and manufacturers. At the same time we are not so simple as to suppose that the question is not one of degree. We are not possessed with the notion that the process of rail way expenditure is so purely a matter of mere trans position of capital, that, for aught that appears to the contrary, it would be as practicable to indulge our selves with a hundred thousand as with ten thousand miles of additional railway communication. We are perfectly conscious that money spent in earthworks and locomotives cannot also be spent in hardware or house-room. And we are perfectly clear that beyond a certain point the nation can no more go on making railways and maintaining its previous extent of trade and industry, than even the conjuror at ASTLEY'S can be in two distant places at the same identical moment. The whole question turns upon this saving clause, " beyond a certain point." Where is this point, and what is the evidence that we have already got most decidedly beyond it? The current hypothesis conceives that the question was most conclusively answered by a simple reference to the rate of interest, and the state of the money market. " What," it is demanded, would you have plainer? Interest at 8 per cent., and no money . to be had, are evidences, sorely, of the most convincing kind." We are not sure of this, and we will endea vour to give a reason for our hesitation. In the first place, there was no difficulty in the money market, and bo important rise in the rate of interest, until, by the events which date their commencement from the autumn of 1846, the element of apprehen sion and distrust was introduced into the problem. There was an enormous railway expenditure taking _ _ . . - of plate in 1844, 1845, and the early part 1848—an expenditure, we have reason to be lieve, much greater than is indicated by the mere numerical amount of the calls at that time made, and there was also a healthy and average degree of activity in nearly all branches of tr ad e during the whole of these years, bat more particu larly in 1844 and 1845. But the rate of interest, in the face of these large and full demands for capital, did not exhibit any important rise, as long as the temper of the market remained so free from extraneous disturbance as to render the market price of money a fair expression of the actual relation existing between the supply and the demand. There was, on the con trary, a marked tendency to a decline in the rate of interest through the whole of the summer of 1846, and when the first alarm was excited, in the autumn of that year, by the retrograde movement of the foreign exchange, the rate of discount on first class paper was under 3 per cent. per annum— in many instances, we believe, considerably under 3 per cent Then came the apprehensions inseparable from a large import of corn, or lamentably deficient cotton crop, a famine in Ireland, politicil disquie tudes and misunderstandings on the continent, a for midable drain of bullion, and short intervals of acute internal alarm. Under the stimulus of such excite- ments, the rate of interest was naturally subject to the most violent disturbance. Bat it would be an abuse of language to say, that for any single month I since October, 1846, there has been so complete a re- iteration of quiescent feeling as to render the rates of Lombard-street a fair index of the relation between the quantity of capital in the country and the appli cations for its use. It would be just as reasonable to contend that the incoherent alarms of a man suffering from a paroxysm of fever, are the just measure of the dangers to which he is actually exposed. If there is every reason to believe that in Sep tember, 1846—just about twelve months ago—the natural price of capital was less than three per cent., the next obvious question is io ask, whether the ex penditure or the losses of the country since that time have been so prodigious as to fully account for an elevation in the rate of interest so perfectly astounding as from 2; to 8 per cent.? We have no desire to blink any single item of fact or seasoning that can be alleged on behalf of the affirmatin., proposition ; but we take leave to thin! after reckoning up the utmost farthing Irish loan, the cost of corn, the r of the railway calls, the sale of railway and the eleemosynary contributions towards viatiou of Scotch and Irish distress, and " THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 16, 1847. ins Field-marshal Guninero from the captain ship of Burgos, and appointing Field-marshal Francisco Fulgosio in his place. A report was circulated at the Bourse that the Minister of Finances had reed; private letters, however, positively contradict this, and affirm, on the contrary, that the minister was negotiating with the Bank of St. Ferdinand a contract for the payment of the December dividends. The letter of our own correspondent, which will be found below, discloses a curious net-work of palace and cabinet intrigues, and presents a very characteristic picture of the court and cabinet of Madrid. Dake of Gar and Prince of Anions se vioe-presidents. The appointments of Pavia as Captain-General of Catalonia, In the place of Concha dismissed, and of Fulgosio as Captain. General of Burgos, in the pines of Caminero dismissed, are likewise announced officially in the same paper. Andres Boerego is to be appointed amberador either to Switzerland or the United States of America. The Fomento Bank not being able to complete their quick silver contracts with the government, the latter have applied to the Bank of San Fernando to take up the contract. But it is said that the bank wants to make, as a condition, the renewal of the old contract it entered into with Mon for collecting the revenue. The Erpelador, which disappeared on the 15th October, came up agem yesterday with very pale and mild articles, contrasting singularly with its late fiery vehemence; a change for the rest easily accounted for by the remodelling of the old editorial phalanx. Advice, from Berne have arrived to the evening of 1 the 10th, and from Lugano, in the canton of Tessin°, to the morning of the 7th. No movement of import ance had taken place. The Vaudois troops were to have occupied the districts of Rue, Romont, and Billie on the 10th. In these districts the Federal party predominates, and no opposition was expected. The Bernese troops were to have occupied Morat, another protestant district of Friburg ,and to have established communications with the other divisions of the Fede ral army. It was expected that on the 11th the Federal army would have encircled the city of Fri burg, and that the attack upon it would be com menced simultaneously at four points. The catholic cantons of St. Gall, the Grisons, and Argau are re ported to have evinced the most favourable disposi tions towards the Federal cause. Letters from Bale, of the 12th, say that the bridge over the Reuss, near Sins, has been broken and mounted with palisades. MADRID, Nov, 8. The Into ministerial crisis, which has terminated in the dismissal of Cordova and Rot de (nano from the cabinet, in the expulsion of General Male to the wilds of Estremadura, in the displacement of the Conches and a crowd of other functionaries, whose moderado principles were tinctured with liberalism, seems to have mystified everybody. No sooner had the Gazette of the 4th appeared than the Faro and Popular violently assailed the two generals dismissed from the ministry. But what was the surprise of all the world when the Heraklo of the 6th, ad dressing itself to the Portiar of the preceding evening, re commended its co-religionist to rectify its erroneous state ments and show greater respect to the decorum of the moderado party; adding, that, so far were the two generals in question from having been implicated in the attempt to upset the ministry, the government had high re wards in store for their valuable services. In fact, the Gazette of yesterday announced the promotion of Cordova to the sank of licutenant-general, and his decoration with the Grand Cross of Charles 111. In addition to these honours, he is to be made senator. Ron de Olano, in the same official paper, is appointed to succeed Ayllon as ambas sador at Lisbon. The Herald° adds : " The modification of the ministry had no design beyond making the cabinet more compact, and enabling it to present itself to the Cortes with out any responsibility relative to the acts which took place before its elevation . MALTA, Nov. 4. The French steamer, Longsor, which arrived on the 2nd from Alexandria, brought Sir Charles Napier, late Go vernor of &lode, and family. They will remain here for pratique. There has been almost a mutiny in some of the ships of the squadron now In harbour—the Rodney and Superb especially. The report is, that the commander bad given an order to put a stop to all smoking in the ship. This exasperated the crew so much, that they swore they would smoke ; they arose in a body, threw the mess traps about the ship, and acted in • meet mutinous manner. Finding that the efforts of the officers to restore order were ineffectual, the captain ordered the marines to arm and muster on the quarter-deck : this order is stated to have been very re luctantly obeyed. The ship was at length restored to some thing like its former state of discipline. All this has arisen out of the orders from Sir IVilliam Parker, the commander in chief, that smoking is not to be permitted on board her Majesty's ships of war. It is said that before an officer can join the Hibernia, the flag ship, he must give his word of honour that he will not smoke. I have heard that the only reason given by Ad mind Parker (if admirals ever give reasons) for this order is, that smoking leads to drinking ! It is to be hoped that the assertion is not founded upon experience. It is to be hoped that the Admiralty will issue some explicit orders re specting smoking, if it is to be included under the articles of war, that when seamen enter for the future they may under stand the pains and penalties under which they serve. When some officers of a French steamer here heard of the occasion of the disturbance, they puffed their cigars, turned up their eyes, shrugged up their shoulders, and exclaimed, " IsCse de service !" . . . Admiral Parker gives the captains a dinner to-morrow. The ships will put to sea on Saturday, but not leave the vicinity of the island until Monday, after the arrival of the French packet from Marseilles. BELGIUM.—POTSONING BY A MESMERIC PRAC TITIONZIL.—The subject of animal magnetism is about to come before n criminal court of law in Belgium, in reference to a charge of manslaughter against a mesmeric practitioner, hlndemwselle W., who professed to discover, by mesmerism, inward diseases and their remedies. This woman prescribed, while in a mesmeric trance, a certain medicine compound for one of her patients at Antwerp. The prescription was made up and taken according . to order, and the patient died very shortly afterwards, obviously from the effects of some very active poison. The woman is to he tried for the crime. It appears to be rather against clairvoyance, that, while the mesmerist professed to have power of detecting inward dis ease, she was unable to foresee that her medicine would infal libly destroy the life of her patient.—Medical Gazette. TURKEY.—CoNsrAwriNorLE, Ocr. 26. The cholera has broken out severely at Constantinople. The following are extra:to from the report of the quarantine authorities :—" A case of cholera morbus took place in this city on the 24th instant. The person attacked was a domestic —he died on the following day." Letters from Trebizood state that the cholera has disappeared from that town. At Erzeroum it had also ceased. The disappearance of the cholera from both these places is attributed to the severe cold which has already commenced in that part of the empire. Besides the case mentioned in the above note, there have been since two others equally fetal. The Greek govern ment demanded the intervention of Prince Metternich for the settlement of the Turco-Greek question. Lstely King Otho addressed a note on the same subject to the Emperor of Russia; and by the last accounts from Athens we find that the Greek government have demanded the intervention of the five great powers. The Porte is totally indifferent to all the chopping and changing and vulgar intrigues which, during the whole of this question, have marked the conduct of the Greek cabinet, provided'the satisfaction it demands be accorded. With respect to this article, the Clamor, which seems at present to posies. mysterious views of intelligence in all quarters, observes: " The history of this disgraceful and puerile retractation of the Heraldo deserves to be made public. On the 4th and sth an active correspondence took place between Senores Names, Cordova, and Roe de Olano, in which significant threats and reproaches were in terchanged. The last of these persons, full of spite, in consequence of the trick played him, announced that he sae going to publish the whole of what had occurred before the accession of Cien. Narvaez to power. The friends of the latter, dreading the scandal that would result from so indiscreet a revelation, had to mediate in the business ; and at last, on the evening of the sth, it was arranged that the government, by means of its organ, the Ileraldo, should give the ridiculous satisfaction alluded to, to Generals Cordova and Rol de Olano. Besides this, the first was appointed senator, and decorated with the grand cross of Charles 111. ; and the second was named ambassa dor to Portugal, ten thousand dollars being assigned to him for travelling expenses, and twenty thousand to furnish the house of his excellency at Lisbon. Nevertheless, it appears that these gentlemen are not yet satisfied, and persist in their intention of issuing a manifesto upon the camarilla intrigues we have lately witnessed." The Popular apparently has not changed its conviction of the guilt of the two ex.ministers, but refrains from fur ther remarks in deference to the Heraldo's hint about party decorum. The Espeflador of to-dsy doubts the authen ticity of the Clamor's version, lad gives one of its own in the following words: " We hear that two moderado personages (Salamanca and Escosura are doubtless meant) had an inter view with the Queen, in which they presented a list of new ministers, with Gene ral Alain at their head. These two persons assured her Majesty that Cordova and Roe de Olano approved of the list that various illustrious moderado ge nerals in active service offered their co-operation with the cabinet proposed; and, finally, that General Alaix con sented with alacrity to assume the part assigned to him. But the real truth is, that the two ministers, afterwards dismissed, had no knowledge of the affair whatever; nei ther had the moderado generals any finger in the business ; nor, finally, had General Alaix agreed to lend his support. On the contrary, this distinguished progresista, when con sulted upon the use, answered with the same noble words which he has printed in his representation, that he would never accept office without the legitimate con ditions of the representative government; that the clandestine means, which had been put in play to form the late ministries should never be adopted by him to climb into a post of which be deemed himself not un worthy ; and lastly, that if he were destined to become minister, he desired to be as in the face of the country, in the light of the sun, without treachery as without fear. However, it appears that the Queen, et the moment when she communicated the plot to Narsaez, was ignorant how much truth or falsehood there might be in the assigned basis of the projected cabinet; and the government being equally in the dark, in the precipitation, to a certain extent necessary, of its preventive measures, could not make the necessary distinction between innocent and guilty. After it knew the truth it hastened to make thy reparations due to the ianoeent. It remains that justice should be done to the loyal conduct of General Alaix, by restoring him to his former position." Such are the irreconcileable suppositions of the press with regard to this mysterious business. I am able to inform you, on the best possible authority, that the denunciation of this attempt to form a new ministry did not originate with the Queen, and that the treacherous conduct assigned to her as honourable and praiseworthy by the Popular of the sth, in betraying to Harries voluntarily the names and designs of the persons at work in undermining his power, and impli citly confirmed by the language of the Espeelador, has no foundation whatever in truth. It was riot the Queen, but another person who denounced the plot to the Duke of Valencia. When the alarm was given both the President of the Council and the Queen Mother repaired to the palace on the night of the 3rd, aad employed all the resources in their power to pump the secret out of her. Ma. PEEL.—Sir,—ln your number of the 2nd of this month you think it worth your while to produce a pro minent article on the present unsettled state of Switzerland, in conjunction with which you are pleased to lament, as you say, the want of an efficient representative from the British government to the Swiss confederation, and add some sweep ing remarks (not over flattering) upon the gentleman at pre ' sent resident here as charge d'affarres—Mr. Peel. Much as I admire your very able and generally Impartial paper, I must be excused if I confess that in the present instance it is too palpable nut to perceive that your columns have been abused by an admission therein of a eta'ement far from true, 'rising, perhaps, rather from ignorance than malevolence ; but unworthy of such a channel be the origin what it may. Whatever other faults Lord Palmerston may have, he is nut a man to risk the ruin of his political plans by allowing in competent agents to be retained in any important post (and surely Switzerland at the present moment may be considered one) even to oblige his best friend. And whoever knows anything of Sir It. Peel will feel convinced that to compli meat him at such a price would be neither very flattering nor acceptable, even though the professed object be the tem porary advancement of his own son. I say temporary, be cause Mr. Peel is not the resident minister, but simply the charge d'affaires. Under such circumstances, in what, it may naturally be inquired, is Mr. Peel so glaringly deficient u to make his being suspended necessary, or desirable ? Surely not his want of age, as some have ab surdly advanced ; for, if at 27 or 23 years of age he be not able to judge and act both dispassionately and correctly, when may he be expected to do so ? Surely not his want of initiatory experience, for he has had both tune and opportu nity, at horse and abroad, to gain knowledge, and he has neglected neither. And if it appear otherwise, may it not be that the necessity of action has been wanting, or his self elected judges prevented proper opportunities of proving their opinions ? To those who have closely watched his career since his entrance on his present responsible post (and these have been neither few nor altogether friendly parties), it has rather been a source of great marvel that he has, with so much decision and assiduity, coped with a position alike trying and difficult, as well from its reality as its novelty. And many are beginning now to find out, and some of them tardily to acknowledge, that they little ex pected from one apparently only a man of fashion'an energy, promptness, and clearaightednese belonging only to a man of business. To those who have seen him only in the street, or the salon, he appears the one—but to those who see him in his chancelline,or study,engroased for eight and ten hours a day in the work of his mission, giving his usual meal time. only a few momenta' attention, he is known in the latter, his real character, and he stands confessed as one who feels and knows that he has no ordinary work in band. By many of the "patrician" party in this " republic " (if you can understand this apparent contradiction) he is blamed in no very measured terms, as being too friendly with the radical party, and especially its head the President of the Vorort ; but they seem to forget that her Britannic Majesty's charge d'affaires is accredited to the members of the Swiss Confe deration as the recognised members of the government, and that it is in such a capacity he meets them, and not u private individuals only. If these men in power pro tent, are not worthy or desirable rulers, let the people who elected them, and the country who permits their conti nuance in office, be blamed, and not our government, or its representative. On the other hand, the radical party view with no little displeasure, and perhaps jealousy, his intimacy with the most influential members of the co tive body but let them remember that he is bound, both in his public capacity as the British representative, in me, and in his pri vate character as an English gentleman, to be polite and easy of access to all, and that their differences of opinion neither could nor ought to influence him in his acts of cour tesy. To assert that he has not an influence with either or both of these parties is to state that which is not correct, and nothing can more fully prove the reverse than the fact of the desire both parties have to make it appear to the public that they stand well with him. To those who are not well acquainted with the Swiss character, and the extensive sad powerful local dissentions and jealousies which exist (in creased tenfold at the present moment), it would be hard to realise the greatness of the task, equalled only by it; neces sity, of walking evenly and wisely in the crooked path of diplomacy. To those who are, and have had an opportunity of judging, if they are honest and unprejudiced they will confess that few older or more experienced diplomatists could have trod it more carefully—scarcely env of his contempo raries in offices(' much 10.-0118ERVER.—Berne, Nov. 6. The severe form of exoneration applied to the dismissal of Cordova and Res, instead of allowing voluntary resignation of office, proves that the government was at first satisfied of their guilt. Let no one suppose that the conscience of the hero of Ardor is so tenderly composed, that the posterior fact of their innocence being rendered plausible (for it could not possibly be proved) would have stimulated him to the generous compensation of promotions, embassies, and MOO. it is merely rational to suppose that some solid service was bought by these presents, probably silence, as the Clamor Mater. In the meantime, the chief pert in a plot, whose pro gramme was to open with the murder of Names, having been attributed to Mr. Bulwer, our ambassador lost no time in seeking an interview with the Duke et Sotomayor, Minister of Foreign Affairs. Mr. Ba wer had no need to employ the emphatic lan guage of ind ign ation with a civilised Spaniard, who had represented his country in England. to repudiate so ridiculous a charge as his being implicated in a scheme te assassinate the president of the council. As to the co-opera tion assigned to him with Salamanca In the reeant attempt, if any had been made, to subvert the ministry, a suspicion was grounded, as be believed, open their both having been three days in Arenjues at the same time during the last week; he could assure the duke that he had not even seen the ex-minister of finance during his stay in the country. At the same time if he disapproved of the conduct pursued by ber Majesty's ministers he should always reserve to him self the right of supporting her Majesty in the cue in which she should think proper to change her advisers; and that if he observed any attempt on the part of the present ministry to debar her Majesty from exercising her prerogative in the free choice of her servants, he should certainly conceive it his duty jo support her Majesty in the vindication of her conllstational right. The Duke of Sotomayor stated in reply that he *omitted Mr. Bulwer entirely of any designs such as were imputed to him by the l'opular and assured him that no attempt whatever would be made by the present ministers to curb or control her Majesty iti the free exercise of her preregative, as far as the nomination of ministers or other servants of the crown was concerned; nor to debar their political opponents from due &CCM to the Queen. Mr. Bulwer was satisfied with them explanations. Those who appear to regret that our diplomacy in Spain should be one-aided, and that the interests of England should be bound up in this country exclusively with the cause of the progresistas, may satisfy themselves by reading the Eco of Saturday (6th) that our ambassador is by no means a partisan. The clearest proof of hp impartiality is getting abuse from both aides. The Eco del Comereio has caught up the cry of the Faro, and suddenly discharges a torrent of reproaehes against Mr. Bulwer, without assigning the least motive. It calls his diplomacy " ridiculous, de testable, useless, and base." In a succeedi n g l etter I s h al l attempt to explain the reasons, which the Eco withholds, for this sally of rage. I hear that the place of Minister of Public Instruction has been offered to Phial, but declined by him; doubtless, because the ministry of finance Is denied to his inseparable cousin, Mon. The F-wrador states, that at a late hour last night reports prevailed that Orlando had bee n replaced by Mon. tti. REMOVAL OP TuastistEs.—Last night a very nu merous meeting of the inhabitants of the Caledonian road, Islington, and vicinity, took place at the Duke of Richmond Tavern, Caledonian-road, for the purpose of adopting mea sures for the removal of the turnpikes in that loeslity; Mr. J. Vousley presided. The Caledonian-road turnpike was, it ap peared, established under 6 Goo. IV., by gentlemen holding property in the vicinity ; but the tolls had been very unproduc tive, while the road has remained in a woeful state of rep dr. It was suggested that there would be no d ifficulty in getting the read into the hands of the parish, and of thereby abolish ing the toll-gates, and rendering the Caledonian-road (u it should be) one of the principal thoroughfares from the west end of London to Highgate. After a brief discussion, reso lutions in furtherance of the objects of the meeting, including that for the appointment of a committee, were unanimously canted, the proceedings closing with a vote of thanks to the chairman. THE ALDERMEN AND THEIR Nf AGir , TERIAL DUTIES. —9ir.—Eurinese at the Guildhall polite -court did not commence yes terday until after I Oslo*, being without an alderman. This Is of frequent oecurrcnee . to the great annoyance of solicitors and parties who have the misfortune to be obliged to attend the court. This week it way Alderman Tbonthecsi's turn to attend; but, as isoftoa the mss with him, be treated the note wttith it in sugaipps, to ihraim with indifference. It has been mid that the reason be dose set it Is on account of an affection of the beart,ond that any thelteeneittsidgbt sympathised, but from some of the statements which bad been made he must withhold his assent. The people of this country, although taking such a lively interest in domestic policy, were extremely ignorant of the internal state, feel. Ingo, and opinions of foreign countries. The object of the International League was to remedy that ignorance, to maks the nation of the world know each other better, and thus to bind all in one eternal bond of brotherhood and pelle t . While expressing his dissent from some of the statements which had been made, he must at the same time ustify kit cordial concurrence in the observations of his friend Col. Thompson, respecting the present flagitious war in Mexico. (Cheers.) The real object of that war was wholly distinct from the ostensible one—the real object wsa the extension of slavery over the whale continent of America. (Hear, hear.) The policy of the United States was the extension of personal slavery, and they would never cease until they had spread it from the Frozen Ocean to the Gulf of Panama. He knew that the invasion of Mexico we, ite sudden thought of the Americas government. Nineteen years ago it was in contemplation, end the occupation of Texas was merely a prelude to the conquest of the capital. It wits the moat flagitious, unprovoked, and cruel aggression ever avempted by a civilised people, and the end to which it must lead was the extension of penonal slavery over the entire of the American continent. (Hear.) On this point his mind was made up, and therefore he had given hi e opinion ; but with respect to other topics within the provisos of the International League, he should reserve his opinio n until longer connection with that body had enabled him to obtain further information. Mr. LINToN seconded the retaliation, which was untai mously agreed to, after which thanks were voted to th e chairman, and the meeting broke up. ANTI-GOLD LAW LEAGUE. The sixth public meeting of this body was held last evening at the London Coffee-house, Ludgate-hill, sod was very respectably attended. The chair was occupied, so on former occasions, by Mr. Fres. Bennoch, the chairman of the league. The CHAIRMAN, in opening the proceedings, remarked On the importance of the subject. It was a material question whether the circulating medium should possess antri • value or not. The league held this unnecessary; oth er , thought that the circulating medium ought to be an article of value, and therefore preferred gold. The obj ect i ou t o gold were that, by the ot h er uses to which it w as app li ed, it I was liable to be withdrawn or secreted, and could not con sequently be the standard of value. Some said it was the only standard of value ; how was that value to he measured s If in copper and silver, their value moot be ascertained by the amount of labour which they condensed; and the MS was true of gold. The fact of its being sometimes dear and sometimes cheap, scarce or plentiful, proved that it could not be a standard of value. Money was now ten times dearer than it was eighteen months ago ; it was therefore a papa. ble absurdity to talk of fixing the price of gold at 3/. 17s. 104 d. the ounce. As well might a person attempt to plug up his barometer to "set-fair." (Cheers.) In a country like ours this was trebly absurd, inasmuch as it gave all the ad vantage to the foreigner, at the cost of the home producer. Our home trade constituted six-sevenths of all our trade; and if we bail no foreign trade, and consequently no geld, our commerce would have been carried on without it. It was only to balance foreign transactions that gold was needed. (Hear, hear.) One of the greatest bUROCHS aver presented to the public notice was the reiteration of the statement, lay a leading jourosl, that there was a scarcity of capital, because a certain amount of bullion had left the country. It would be the most palpable absurdity to tactile lice property to the extent of hundreds of millions, for the sake of getting back the gold that had left us. Equally absurd would it be to atop the mills, and throw thousands of workmen on the poor rates, with the view of increasing the country's wealth. What the league recommended was a simple currency based on the security of the crown, valueless in itself, but a legal tender. In all the distresses of this country, a paper currency had had to be resorted to. It was used at present in Russia, where there was an accumulation of 50 millions of gold in the emperor's cellars. The autocrat let us have a million or Owe now and then ; but if the present system went on ten or twenty years longer, England and }ranee would be completely at the beck of the autocrat of the north. Suppose that he had ten millions in our funds, —a mere trifle to him—he could depress them to any price at his pleasure. (Hear.) It was impossible to resolve all our transactions into gold ; for there was not enough in the world to pay our national debt, nor enough in the country to pay the interest of it for one year. (Hear.) On Satur day morning, the Times had announced that the panic was past, and warned the public to beware of railways in fixture. Scarcely was the ink of that statement dry,before the public had been startled by the announcement of the failure of the largest colonial broker in the world. (Hear, hear.) A statement had been put forth showing that of twenty homes which had failed, they were only able to pay, on the average, 13s. 6d. in the pound ; recollecting that colonial produce had recently fallen from 30 to i 5 per cent, it was evident that these men would, wider other circumstances, have been able to pay 25e. in the pound. (Hear.) Ile rejoiced to know that a large majority of the public press was with the league on this question; and the sophistical statistics of the Times might safely be left to be dealt with by them. f Hear.) Mr. Carers, the secretary of the league, explained the evils remitting to our foreign transactions from the present system of currency. He contended that we had parted with much more than we had received, estimating rightly the value of our exports and imports. This had bees the ease in every year from 1810 to 1843, especially since the close of the war ; and so long as our exports had gone on increasing, it was supposed that we were doing " a roaring trade." It was imagined that the excess of the exports over the imports was balanced by a payment of gold and silver. Had this been the case, there would now have been 1,000 millions of gold in the country, or about 250 sovereigns for each house of every class! (Hear.) Even in the houses in Belgmve-square or Portland-place. probably in not one in five was there '2501. in gold. Then the difference between official and declared value had been urged as ex plaining the excess of exports over imports ; but if they were both measured by the same scale, where was the difference? It was true the official value had been fixed by the govern ment in 1696-150 years ago ; but owing to the extremely mystified way in whisks the public accounts were kept, it was difficult to institute any comparison at all. Mr. Porter, and others of the Board of Trade, said the official value was too high ; abut this had not been the case until the passing of the Act of 1819 : in fact, the official value before that time was not high enough. But the moment Peel's bill came into operation the scale turned ; the year after the declared value fell below the official value by two millions: this difference had increased, until, in 1842, the official exceeded the de clared value by 53 millions. This was placed in a more striking point of view, by the fact that, in 1814, the value of 53 million pounds of cotton manufactured was 20 million sterling; while, in 1834, 201 millions only was received for the manufacture of 308 millions of pounds of cotton. It was said this was done without injury to the producers ; but let any one attend to the distressed state of the manufacturing districts, and he must be convinced that this was false. The true reason why so great an amount of goods had to be sent abroad was, because we unduly debased the price of gold, keeping it at 31. lis. 104 d. the ounce; and thus the foreigner was induced to take away our cheap gold in pre ference to any other goods. This fixed price of gold might do with wheat at 4.55. a quarter, but so far from the value of money being fixed, it had varied in the last 10 years from an interest of 21 to 8 per cent. These fluctuations neces sarily caused corresponding and. opposite fluctuations in the value of commodities; for if commercial men could not ob tain money for less than 8 per cent., they must part with their goods at a sacrifice. When money was plentiful goods fetched higher prices; the foreigner came here and took advantage armlike high prices to sell his produce, and finding that gold was the only article to be had here cheap he would take that only in exchange. Out of about 1,000 foreign ships which had come here with good*, upwards of 600 had thus returned in ballast. Then the Bank, getting alarmed at the gold leaving the country, put on the screw; the price of commodities was thus reduced to the level of the fixed price of gold, and in this way only could the gold that had left us be got back. (Hear.) Other countries were wiser than to act on such a principle. In America, Russia, Prance, Austria, and other countries, the imports bail exceeded the exports; and thus they took care to get more than they parted with. (Cheers.) Mr. CHISHOLM ANSTY, M.P., wished to express his warm sympathy, and that of the country with which be was con nected, with this meeement. He felt that by so doing he contributed his utmost to bring about a state of things which would render impossible the recurrence of such a condition as now prevailed in Ireland. Probably the chief pert of Ireland's misery was due to imperial legislation on the currency. (Cheers.) The two acts of 1819 and 1814, se strenuously upheld by the bullionists, had been sufficiently tested to enable the public to judge as to the propriety of their continuance. Both these acts had been passed since the legislative union. Where were the wealth and pros. perity that had been promised Ireland at the union? Why had she been subjected to an experiment which had an swered unfavourably in this country ? (Hear.) The we of Ireland was more grievous than that of England. inas much as she was destitute of nearly all the resources of England. Had England's condition been the same as that of Ireland, the unfortunate bank charter of 1696 would not have stood 20 years. Ireland was more dependent on Eng land for the means of employing and feeding her population than were any of our colonial possessions, conrequealle Ireland was affected in a tenfold degree by the causes from which England suffered. Whatever might be the cause, it was a fact that capital could only be invested in Ireland in agriculture. Agriculture of all other occupations suffered most severely from derangements of the currency, owing to the fixedness of the capital, and the 'downer of the returns ; sad the consequence was that agriculture was the last channel into which capital wasdirected. There being no other employment for the people in Ireland, the consequence was that out of eieht millions three millions rose every morning not keen where the day's food was to come from, and wages ran ged from 4d. to 7d. a day. (Hear.) Such was the state of Ire land under Sir R. Peel's laws, the price of the maintenance of which might be said to he equal to the maintenance of three millions of people. (Hear.) Another effect ,of thee currency laws was to put a direct premium on absenteeism, and to give the Irish landlord and creditor a positive induce ment to quit his country. Gold being sold on the conti nent at St and 61. an ounce, while its price here was fined at 104 d., a landlord was able to receive 61. or it in lieu of 51. by residing abroad. (Hear, hear.) Mr. Cargill, of Newcastle, a most extensive merchant, in a pamphlet recently published, took the same view as Mr. Capps, of the excess of our exports over imports, and showed that many articles had been sold at less than the cost of their production. This he knew to have been done in Australia. in 1840 ; and whenever such calamities beret English mtg• chants the effect was doubly felt in Ireland. All the bane ful consequences of the currency laws were there aggravated, and the effect on the peasantry could not easily be' conceived. He trusted, when the question came to be discussed in the proper theatre, that there would be no shrinking back, no Ldeficiencies] a handsome sum to boot to cover . of calcs lation, that the grand total of all falls immeasurably short of the amount which, with any show of reason, could be set down as capable of producing such a tre mendous revolution in oar financial condition. We believe the plain truth to be, that if the country had not had the misfortune to be afflicted by the purely gratuitous jerks and excitements produced by the act of 1814, during the progress of the drain of bul lion, and especially since the cessation of that drain, that long: before this time the rate of interest would have fallen to its natural and _ undisturbed state; and that this would have permitted, we will not say an expenditure of forty millions a year on railways, but an expenditure of certainly not less than half of that sum. And not only would such an expenditure have been perfectly pos sible, but the reduction of the railway engagements of the country would have proceeded gradually and with comparative quietness and facility. The worth less lines would have found their level, one by one, and we should have been spared the present most dangerous process of violent and indiscriminate stran .. IN a well-timed anatomy of the navigation laws, Tjust issued by the hon. member for Stoke-upon rent, a very felicitous use is made of the ducens od aluitirdrint method of exposing error. The tenor of the compact between parliament and the shipowners in 1660, subsequently modified or confirmed by no lees than one hundred and forty-four acts of which the 8 and 9 Vic., cap. 88, with its auxiliary 8 and 9 Vic., cap. 89, contains the quintessence, is thus stated: " Parliament on the one hand undertakes to give en couragement to the shipowners by means of a nano• poly of the carriage by see, so far as other nations will permit. The shipowners, on the other hand, un dertake to find men for the royal navy, sad to that end to register their seamen, to carry useless apprentices, and to submit to have their crews abstracted from them by desertion or imps essment, when and where to the admiralty . it shall seem fit." Both parties, with the beet will in the world, have failed to perform their part of the bargain. The act of parliament has failed, because "restriction has produced retalia tion ;" and " by restriction on the one hand, and retaliation on the other, the field of enterprise is narrowed, the cost of transport is enhanced, and so fewer ships have been required altogether." The shipowners have failed, because "by carrying apprentices they displace able seamen, and drive them to seek employment in foreign service ;" because " by registering the sailors they advertise to them their pur pose, and these objecting to fight for lower wages than they could earn by trading, when they are most wanted are least likely to be found:" and be cause " the seamen of merchant ships are not adapted , for the royal navy, and are not such as modern naval warfare requires. Therefore, leaving out of view altogether the rights and interests of other classes of the community, government on the one hand, and the shipowners on the other, are holding each other to the fulfilment of a contract positively hurtful to both. This view of the question, it will scarcely be de nied, is conclusive against the navigation law, pro vided the facts assumed in it are sufficiently estab lished by evidence. And this is amply done by Mr. RICARDO, in his selections from the testimony of the witnesses examined last year before the committee of the House of Commons on the navigation laws. Some of ;the points, indeed, may be held to prove themselves. For example, it will not be called in question that, in the statutes above alluded to, parlia ment promised the shipowners to enrich them by a monopoly of the carriage by sea, as far as other nations would permit. As little does evidence seem to be required in sup port of the 'impositions that restriction produces re taliation, and that retaliation narrows the field of en terprise. But, to prevent cavilling, oar author adduces testimony to this effect, of which a very brief specimen will serve our purpose at present. The navigatiou laws of the United States were avowedly enacted because ours had been enacted before them. Some writers choose to say that the Americans adopted our model, believing that the great leaders of trade in the world must be right; others, that they sought to re taliate for the injury our laws inflicted on them. The meaning of both phrases is the same. " The very flags employed," says Mr. RICARDO, alluding to the carrying trade to and from the Canary Islands, "show that the American prohibition of British ships is purely in retaliation for our navigation laws. Prussia, Russia, Sweden, and Sardinia allow Ameri can ships to bring them the goods of Asia and Africa, and have the liberty accorded to them of carrying goods from these continents to America. The United States meet us with the same restriction, and give us the same freedom as we give them." How this retaliation narrows the field of enterprise to our shipowners will appear sufficiently from the following statement made by Mr. BERGER to the committee on the navigation laws: " We are in the habit of loading from twelve to fif teen vessels annually for one port alone—namely, Boston; and that restriction under which British vessels are not allowed by the American navigation laws to import certain goods not the produce of England, prevents us from sending so many or such good vessels as we otherwise would do, because it so happens that those goods which we are prohibited from importing into the states, by the American navigation laws, are the goods which pay the best freights, being the most valuable." The failure on the part of the shipowners is also proved beyond dispute. That the apprentice system drives able-bodied seamen out of the merchant navy is apparent, from the statement made by Mr.DoNaAn to the committee on the navigation laws. "If not obliged to send boys I should send a ship with twenty able-bodied men ; I now send her with four teen able-bodied men, and six ordinary men, and six apprentices. The ships would be better manned if they were not compelled to send boys; and there would in that case be more security for the lives of the persons on board." The evidence of Sir JAMES STIRLING (corroborated by that of Mr. DUNBAR) 'shows how the registry system drives our able bodied seamen into foreign service:—" Seamen com plain of the registry ticket as a very great hardship. Seamen are not always temperate or prudent, and if they leave their ship at an improper time the forfeiture of their ticket is the consequence, and, with the forfeiture of their ticket, of course, their exclusion from further employment - in British ships. It tends to lead them to seek employ ment in foreign vessels." The apprentice and registra tion systems, therefore, do not provide a supply of able bodied seamen for the royal navy. In fact the royal navy, as appears from the evidence of Sir JAMES STIRLING, a poet captain, rears in a great measure its own sailors :—" The navy is recruited chiefly, at present, by boys brought up in the service." And : " At the present moment there are not aboVe a thou sand men in the royal navy who have been brought up in the merchant service. The remainder of the sailors are trained in the navy itself." Nor does it appear desirable that the royal navy should de pend for its supply of seamen on drafts from the commercial navy. "Of men who enter from the merchant service for the first time, one half desert from their first ship ; consequently, naval commanders are not very anxious to obtain such men." And it would be too costly to man our men of-war entirely with experienced seamen. According to Sir JAMES, it would be desirable to include in the crews of men-of-war a certain number of seamen brought up in the coasting trade; " but the proportion of these men would not exceed one-tenth part of the whole naval force," provided " we have landsmen oaf cient time to train them to the use of the guns." "It is impossible," be adds, "to obtain the services of ex perienced seamen at the present rates of remuneration." From what has now been said, it is obvious that, even in so far as the two parties to the compact em bodied in the navigation laws are alone concerned, it is not merely a nullity, but positively injurious. At what expense to the rest of the community these par ties continue to delude themselves by sticking to their blind bargain, will be shewn in future articles. Our Paris correspondence of Sunday has arrived, but its contents are without general interest. The reform demonstrations are the only subject which occupies the journals. The Madrid . nigiat reports prevauct, suet amuse 111111 neon replaced by ____-_-. -- --••• .... ~...{.c. og 11.4401L1L1 uraepenoence area r — r-- • --`..."/ rw•wwww, twva wev wwwv •• ' warmest ap n provsl and s up port. ' League , Erod . '''''uee"tatal" "• Thie, however. is no excuse ; • tceituar, itwould p ry an .di d o to ther vemote tr a, seed understandlat ei heiween the people of Capps, of the excess of our exports over imports, and shot be alleged on behalf of the affirmative of this The Madrid mails of th e Bth d ue on Saturday in mon, Others affirmed that this was not true, becauseand that then the objects or the that many articles bed been sold at less than the cost of tl what rere ought b to he none in admla tilts proposition ; but we take leave to think that, Paris were not received till Sunday—those of the Orlando had been working in his cabinet up to nine o'clock. n o: - sue= ltd. l e X — tban Sr People ' Ite 'that assodatica andtkd to our production. This he knew to have been done in Andre He had little to na res i P zc v " ti o n u g ag th ei e t te m et t s . tthelnt i national chants the effect waa doubly felt in Ireland. All the hi a ft er rec k on i ng up the utmost farthing of the 9th due on Sunday had not arrived at the time when The most probable version , it adds, is, that the tobacco coa ,. ba t ing out in the debates in the Ho u se of C.ollu e noeut. It is b e traet, which has made no mach noise, having been annulled, hoped that Alderman tbdl Tla lue o l m brien peon. re F rr we wirv ll as argent . ' others u ers ev w id li en o t eoul xbi d t League, being one of m 18 1 0 ; and whenever such calamities betel English of obtamiag information , which , wh j e o n m Irish loan, the cost of corn, the magnitude our correspondent closed his despatches. The Gazette heed ful consequences of the currency laws were there aggrava of the railway calls, the sale of railway debentures, contains royal ordonnances dismissing Gen. Concha Senor whether Orlando eked his resign colleagues, ass e mbledwwhi c h in council, iltheirtgiet will e f gl no answer tight g well resign. It would. pert:aps, berttreig=l= ,they it for the p pose ~and the e ff ect on the peasantry could not easily be coital , Ilid M a egletrate were appointed. would Insure put - actuality, soi had obtain u e r d, he would disseminate to ' the best of his He trusted, when the question came to be discussed in from the captain-generalship of Catalonia, and ap- wmen as ough t a?d ti the o ltie c n o t t osza7 cr h trir st ti r ons , towards and th. r otwh the ells- II pointing Gen. Pavia to that post, and others disiniss- Mirafl .is garotted so President of the Senate, and the WC much time and trouble, tO th e w grcat tweet of all parties . —{/. ability. With the Objecta of the present meeting he fully proper theatr e , that there wou ld b e no shrinking back, • -- - ---- , -- • -- _.... I trbt court. WINDSOR, MoNnaY.—The Lord Chancellor and Lady Cottenham left the Castle today.—A deputation from the Sacred Harmonic Society, Exeter-hall, had the honour of an interview on Satarday last with Prince Albert, to submit a proposal for erecting a public memorial to the memory of the lee Dr. Mendelssohn. The Queen and his Royal Highness were pleased to approve of the above object, and to subscribe 601. in its aid.—The royal dinner party this evening at the Castle will include the Duchess of Kent, the Earl and Countess Grey, Baroness de Speth, the Earl of Desert, and the Rey. Dr. Hasetrev. His Excellency the Amerman Minister had an' interview with the Right Hon. H. Labouchere yesterday at the office of the Board of Trade. A deputation of the Metropolitan Association for Improving the Dwellings of the Industrious Classes, consist- ing of W. A. Wilkinson, Esq., J. Toynbee, Esq., J. W. Tottie, Esq., A. Kilgour, Esq., and Mr. C. Oatliff, had en interview yesterday with the Chancellor of the Exchequer, on the subject of the window duties, at the official residence of the right hon. baronet in Downing -street. ' A deputation, consisting of Mr. William Ord, M.P., Mr. T. E. Headlam, M.P., the Mayor of Newcastle, the Sheriff of Newcastle, Mr. Alderman I)onkin, Mr. Alderman Hodg eon the Town Clerk of Newcastle, Mr. Moreton, Mr. N. Wood, Mr. Brockett, ai.d Mr. Armstrong, had an interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday. Lord Hatherton had an interview with Sir G. Grey yesterday at the Home.office. Mr. Wickham, Chair ' man of the Stamps and Taxes, had an interview yesterday with the Chancellor of the Exchequer. Lord and Lady John Russell had a dinner party on Saturday at their residence in Che. ham-place. The company included the Austrian Ambassador and the Countess Dietrichstein, the Belgian Minister, Lord Glenelg, Lord end Lady Ashley, Lord Anson, Lord and the Hon. Miss Lister, Mr. George Elliot, and Mr. William Grey. THE NEW ARCHBISHOP OF YORK. The Right Rev.ThomasMasgrave,D.D., Lord Bishop of Hereford, who it is understood bag been trapalated to the see of York, is a native of Cambridge. His father, the late Mr. W. Peete Musgrave, was a woollen draper and tailor, and obtained some notoriety about the end of the last century as a warm and liberal supporter of the whip, at a time when whig advocacy, especially in a university town, displayed not a little course in the partiz in. Dr. Musgrave was born, we believe, in 1r88; in 1800 he became a student of Trinity College, Cambridge ; graduated B. A. (fourteenth wrangler) in 1810 ; and was afterwards elected a fellow of Trinity, which fellowship he continued to hold until he obtained a mitre in 1837 ; in 1811 he obtained the second of the members' prizes for middle bachelors, and in the following year the last of the same prizes for senior bachelors ; he proceeded M.A. in 1813 ; in IS2I he suc ceeded Professor Rennuard in the Lord Almoner's professor- ship of Arabic ; in 1831 he was appointed to the office of senior proctor ; he succeeded Dr. Cresswell in the incum bency of St. Mary the Great, Cambridge ; he also filled the office of bursar of his college ; in 1837 he was appointed to the see of Hereford, and in the same year was created D.D. by royal mandate. In 1830 Dr. Musgrave married the lion. Catherine Cavendish, youngest daughter of Richard, second Baron Waterpark. Dr. Charles Musgrave, Archdeacon of Craven and Vicar of Halifax, is a younger brother of the bishop. The bishopric of Hereford will be filled, it is said, by Dr. Hampden, Regius Professor of Divinity at Oxford. THE PEOPLE'S INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE. Yesterday a public meeting was held in the large room of the Crown and Anchor Tavern, Strand, for the pur pose of explaining the principles and objects which the People's International League had in view. The meeting was molt numerously attended, and on the platform we noticed Col. Thompson, M.P., Mr. J. Williams, PIP., Mr. G. Thompson, M.P., and several other gentlemen, who take an active part in the diffusion of liberal principles. On the motion of Mr. H. Stansfield, seconded by Mr. Linton, the Secretary of the League, Dr. Bowring, was called to the chair, amidst general plaudits. The Catair.maw opened the proceedings by stating that the object of the meeting was to give greater publicity to the views and intentions of the society. It was the belief of the committee that when those views and intentions were fully known, they would excite great sympathy, interest, and co-operation, on the part of the British public ; because the committee were acting under the con viction that nations could be no more isolated and separated from earls other than could individuals; that, like individuals, nations were dependent upon each other ; that the interests of each were common ; and that all were bound to assist one another in putting down the progress of anarchy and despotism, and in promoting the cause of civi lisation, of emancipation, and of universal liberty. (Cheers.) Happily, the voice of England, when England spoke, found echoes through the wide universal world, and it was to be regretted that it had not spoken so loudly or so often as it ought during the great controversies which had in past tim • °mimed between the oppressors and the oppressed. Englishmen must necessarily be in favour of those who were now struggling for rights and privileges which to some extent they had themselves happily obtained; and, look where they would, there will much to interest them. Nay, he (the Chairman) would venture to say that every word of encouragement uttered in this land would cause thousands of bosoms to throb with anxiety and hope, and urge men in multitudes to persevere in the honourable course in which they were engaged. Look where they would, in teresting objects engaged attention. Let the mind travel to the far East—to Greece, where Plato taught and Homer sang—and would Englishmen say that beautiful land should be surrendered to barbarian despotism? Were they not again interested in the redemption and salvation of Portugal—that little territery which had discovered and founded empires ? Again, that renowned and romantic land, Spain, whose history contained so many bright and brilliant pages; and he hoped that the same conditions of sovereignty would be exacted at Madrid, which in times of old were exacted within the walls of Saragossa. (Applause.) Let them look again at France. Could anybody believe that after the revolution of 1789 and the three glorious days of July, 1830, that matters were in hand by which that noble country would be handed ever to the corruption and pollution which was now connected with it ? Let them look again at Italy, of which one of her poets had pathetically said, that " doomed to conquer, was conquered still to vas salage." And another poet, estimating the character of the na tion's mind, had truthfully said, " True we are slaves, but yet we are indignant slaves." The indignation of Italy, led on by the illustrious man who now filled the Papal chair, was marching from darkness and oppression to light and liberty. (Loud cheers.) In the issue who could doubt hut that Italy would become as distinguished for free institutions as she was for the intellectual superiority of her POW ? (Cheers) Amidst these struggles he was sure that no Englishman could forget Poland. No doubt this country had prayed and protested against, and had never recognised, the foul and impious deed which declared that, as a nation, Poland should exist no longer; but let every Pole, be he wandering and mourning where he might, know that mil lions of Englishmen were anxiously waiting for the day of the restoration of that nation, and when it should not de pend upon despots to declare whether Poland should be free. He (the chairman) owed an apology for having so far tres passed upon the attention of the meeting. There were other topics upon which he might havo enlarged, but he should content himself by calling upon the secretary to read the report. The SECRETARY (Mr. Linton) then read the report, which stated the operations of the society, which now eomorised upwards of 400 members. By the aid of lectures, meetings, and publications, a considerable interest had been excited in the public mind, and it was hoped that the public would strengthen the hands of those actively engaged in prro• secutinE the objects the society had in view. Cot. THOMNION, M.P., then came forward to move the first resolution, which was to the effect : That it is our duty as a free nation to inform ouraelren fully upon ell matters bearing on the conduct and policy of our government, whether at home or abroad ; and that our relations with foreign nations, and their social and political manifestations and progress, de mand at the present time an especial and increatied share of our In terest and consideration. . . . . He thought that there was nothing in that meektion which any individual could find fault with. The has, and gallant member made a cursory review of the smuts passing in Spain, France, It+ly, and Switzerland, mad Essonassil the conduct of republican America in reference to its upon Mexico. He also brought under the atten=7tre meeting the effusions of an American writer, who in a Guide Book, published in Philadelphia, spoke of his antici pations " that the child was born who might live to see an American army of 60,000 reviewed in Hyde-park, and that the bunting banner of the stripes and stars would su persede the silken banner of England, which floated in the breeze at Buckingham Palace, and on the Round Tower at Maser." Front these extracts he could not but infer that dairies looked to future aggressions; and he called upon all pproeaaaeennt to support this society as the means of affording the Mast and moat accurate information, and of awakening the British public to a knowledge of that which had se long been lost sight of, and so little understood, namely, the foreign relations of this country. The hon. and gallant member concluded, amidst loud cheers, an able speech, by moving the adoption of the resolution we have already seconded. Mr. P. A. TAYLOR, jun., seconded the motion in a speech In which be paid a tribute of respect, for accuracy of infor mation, to the Daily News and the Morning Chronicle, touching the Italian movement. With much severity he attacked the Times for lits wilful (as he alleged) perse verance in statements connected with these transactions which had no foundation in fact. Even with the aid of the two honest journals he had mentioned, this society had much to do to enlighten the people of this country upon matters with which their interests were interwoven, and hence he called for general sympathy and support. A Mr. J. WILSON, from the body of the meeting, pro posed as an amendment the omission of the word " free." Although fully sympathising with the object of the meeting, he did not wish it to go forth to the world that the working classes of England considered themselves free in the present state of the franchise.—The ansemiment was molded to, and the resolution, as amended, was speed to. Mr. 0. THOMPSON moved the meced embalm: That In ceder to bring to bear spin the image Pe ttis d this country the beneficial influenced pigs slims% tt Is of ths insolset importance to obtain and mresiMs assisale art fislanna une concerning the political eswilllan swa at asnign emintrirs,_todtesendnate the mind*. dewing tells pladmas and 'cote 4 Pod between the peer& at antra, ;aced that lbws the objects et the support. Ltagnh that entitled to our respecting the objects of the International of its youngest members. He had joined 'obtaining information, which, when he would disseminate to the best of his Objects of the present meeting he fully ;to nui dot (CI 1