The Express. — London, England, 1853-03-04 00:00:00

t he Chancellor of the Exchequer, was signed by msay of t h e silk manufacturen of Manchester, pe tition. not one of t h e m a ppehed to the objects of the pe The hon. gentleman wenn,' to suppose that there was no silk manu factured in Slanchester, but only a coerce article, three miritis of which wee nut silk. But the fact was, that the tills m anufacture in Manchester of late years had extended mote, mot been more prosperous than in any other district, that at consisted of articles of every quality in the trade, an d if it was true that the article manufactured was of inferior quality. and customers did not come to pur l: it he (Nit. Bright) thought that it would be ase jest the one that would require protection against the fo oigner. The him. gentleman ought to give the manufac turers of Manchester credit for consistency in the mainte nance of the principle of unrestricted competition. In the memorial to which he had alluded it was stated that the s ilk trade had suffered, because there was an opinion en tertained that the English silk manufacturer could not casein te w ith the fortigucr, and that their articles were not e o good, and they wished that opinion to Le destroyed be the repeal of that duty. Theo manufacturers, who had supported the anti-Corn Law League, and hod besieged that house with petitions for the repeal of the corn l oge , were a' lenst consistent when they came and asked that the principle of the tariff of Sir R. Peel should be car ried sat, ai.dstated that they were willing to accept the appli won et that principle to their industry. Thst principle the silk manufacturers of Manchester bed carried out, trusting to their own energy, activity, and pen and tki y had fund those qualitits produced the same re • whether they were applied to the manufacture of cotton or to silk. He was sorry to find that the hon. 'aeria l:sr fur Warwickshire still maintained what the right hots. gentlemen the member fur Buckinghamshire had celled obeihte opinions. but he was glad to find that the 53 bad ow droplu il to 52 by the defection of the hon. member for Cambreloshire. (Hear, hear.) lie (Mr. Bright) should not hove said a word, hut that there were persona who sight ti, I themselves aggrieved by the unjust obeerva tioni upon than w'.ich were uttered in that house, unless some one made a fair reply to such uunecessery remarks as those of the hon. member for Warwickshire. He (Mr. Brght) wished to ask a question of the Chancellor of the Eichtquer. This was, perhaps, a proper time to put it. It had been stated is the papers that negotiations were going en between the government. of France and England for the reduction on articles which this country could supply to a large intent, such rs coal, iron, and earthenware, and that the Fr. nett were willing to make reductions in the duties nu these articles, if England would be willing to wince the duties on wines and brandy. He should be .lad, as they were sow on the question of free trade and estend-il commerce, if the Chancellor of the Exchequer f unk! give him an answer on that point ; and, if there were any papers on the subject, allow the house to me what wee doing, and whether, if the barriers of restricted trade be tween the twn e 'untrue. were being broken down, and if, instead of adding to their armaments, they were thinking of commerce and trade. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said that seats long time ago communications had been going on between the French and English governments on the sub. ject. but they had not arrived at any definite end. Mr. DISRAELI said that before going to a vote be wished to say a few words. It was his opinion that the cul tivators of the boil were subjected to as undue weight of taxation. The late government had considered the whole system of potion, with a view to remedy what they con sidered to be the injustice it produced. It was their opi nion that the remedy could hest be found, not by taking a liasibd or partial view with reference to any class, bat by considering the general system of taxation. They arrived at the conslusion that you could best benefit the producer by consulting the interest of the consumer. Having adopted that opinion, and considered the whole system of titration. they thought it their duty to propose measures which he as their organ brought forward. The house did net sanction those measures. It was not true that those measures were recommended to the boon as a new commercial system ; but they were de sexibed only :,as the first step, as was then either expressed or intimated. They anew that to Induce the hems and the country to adopt that policy it was necessary ns make great apparent sacrifices. Nothing great wee ever achieved in this world without greet sacrifice.. (Hear, her.) They were convinced that the time would come when the principles of the late government would bo ad mitted to be sound and beneficial, and they had a like con fidence in the consequences that would follow if those prin ciples were adopted. The house declined to adopt them, and the Lott government showed the sincerity of their conduct by what took place after the vote of the house. They relinquished office. He would not say without a pang, but still with a belief, that power was valueless unless it were exercised under the enaction of the generous confidence of the Haus of Cum. MOM. (Cheers.) He 011.011010‘ the vote of the Howse 01 00 1 001 0 11 1 on the polity vommeaseded by the government ef which he was the sew was sinnelasive. He ass not the less confident with rewind le the palsy, but he had no wish to intrude his spied= Is es assembly which had in so formal a maces selbeed to adopt it. He was equally undid's= se inventing madam to harass those who led succeeded the lane - went in office by premiss their opinions on gsaaeial questions on the beme. He thought that feeling was shown by those with whom it was his pride and pleasure to act when a boa. gentleman opposite offered to the house a motion which they might have consistently supported, and by which course they might have embarrassed the house, but he was rot willing to enaction that course. The present was an occasion on which he was called to declare his Vlcin on a question of the greatest interest, especially to whom he thought had been unjustly treated. (Cheers.) The right hon. gentleman the Chancellor of the Exchequer had fond one great fault with the motion of the hoe. member for Montrose. The right honourable gentlemen sad that what that' practical assembly ought to aceompiish was performance and not promise He would read the resolution which the Chancellor of the Ezcheqau declared to be only a promise : "That this house will at a. early period take into its con sideratioe the duties that are strictly protective in the ex isting tariff on articles of import into this country, both of manufactures and agricultural produce, with the view of speedily repealing the same, as affecting unfairly eve in testre in the couatry." Now, before he (Hr. Disrael ry i) as sented to t hat resolution, let them see how the charge against the hon. member for Montrose, of its being only premise, was supported by the Chases/11er of the Exchequer. It was a motion holding to the country a policy. The house had to consider whether or not it was a sound policy, and if it was sound, whether it was politic, to held a promise that it would be carried out. If the Chancellor of the Exche quer had said that it was a motion which, carried into Jett, would so materially Mauna* the exchequer of which he was the guardian, that he woad sot enter into argument upon it, and asked the hones to guard him against such an attack on the exchequer; if ha had entered into no dis cussion upon it, and had asked the house to enter on no discussion on its policy, or promise of a policy, he (Mr. Disraeli) could have understood . the position of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and it might have been the duty of every man in the house te simport him. Bat what was the cause taken by the Chancellor of the Exchequer ? Denouncing the premise of a policy as a dangerous course, the Chancellor of the Exchequer rose, and his speech was one long promise, be ham the beginning te the sod of it be was promising what the government would do on this question at the ma. meat time. The whole question was open. The boom led sot to consider the motion of the ion. member for Bentrese with respect to its convenience or inconvenience te the Treasury, but the motion was one of policy, and Pkey elm,. Well, he (Mr. Disraeli) approved of that pdicy. (" Hear, hear," and cheers.) If the policy which the We government recommended, and; which the house feinted—a policy which one day or other would he neogaised a beneficial by the country—(cheers)—be suss it considered the interests of industry in their proper lase; if that policy wee not properly pursued he must look be other means for the relief of agriculture, which he be lieved to be suffering. His hon. friend the member for Berth Warwickshire, who on this as on all occasions exhi bited se such consistency, talent, and research, said that this intim would not be a bad bargain fur the arrricultu nets, because, be raid, if you remove these duties =nonfat - tan will be relieved to the extent of 434,0001, while *grind tun benefits to considerably more than double that amour .. Now he said with regard to the observation of the hi. Member for North Warwickshire, that the interests of tLa loutry had gone far beyond the eonsiderition of 400,0001. sad 0 00,0001., and that after the resolution which bad been eanied into operation they could not cling to the rags and Inters of a protective system. (Loud cheers.) The mei. ealnual class was obliged to pay for articles they wished to Ise a coesiderahle duty, and they could not be told in answer to that, that they levied a small rs on certain Inidesof foreign agricultural production. Bat he denied slaftutiodly that any of these duties levied on foreign !Ineshull production were really of • protective Marne ter. They were not directly protective—they were not Pletective at all. He would not enter into the 111•16•0 whether the duties levied on foreign manufactured rides Weft protective and strictly protective ; he believed " 1 Y wine. He protested after the vote the boys* bad co me to, after the verdict of the last general election, 'Pint the cultivators of the soil being subjected to any I duties that were either protective or strictly protective. had been forced into the consideration of the policy efts motion by ministers. If the minister had risen in ,Plaft, and , on financial considerations objected to '""mlwon. this discussion might long ago have mused Mt it was bemuse he had objected to the motion as a rubs of promise, & ad th en made a long speech, which was "ly • 'Teeth of promise, that he had forced them to give ml opinion en a policy which he seemed at a distant day to ' ,r il l. but which be now met in a manner which he %•••.Disestli) could not describe, nor even at the present !moment hardly understand. But this he did know, that "trial the course recommended was founded on those C a Plea which the people and the parliament of England iconic and believing it was a policy which did wrz str . iesilturiste, he should vote for the motion cA i t a y s_v _for Montrose. (Cheery.) * h id , WE L L said, with an admirable dexterity, those who admired the ability of the right hon. C ir leill ass:light not be unprepared to expect at a la . to te a crowded house, the right hon. gentleman had ( 77:nlsci on the speech of his right bon. friend the Chan- Bsettequer. His right bon. friend might h lte heard the version which his right hon. t 'i t '.77;__ . r gave of the speech, which at an early part of R he was supposed to have made. The right Wgentleman said if the Chancellor of tho Exchequer rested his defence on the single position that he was Cm4ian of the public Tremor), and that at the present of the financial rsel q year it was not right to deprive the • %um exceeding a million and a half, then the Z ▪ .me ,mitthth tee come to an immediate conclusion. He t i at r—tvo vis _to tho ele who were present at the time, whether the argument of his right hon. friend. He did not say to the House of Commons that they should not only not come to a fiscal resolution, but that they should not presume and pass opinions as individuals, on • fiscal subject. He did not object that this should ventilate this subject in debate, but his objection was this— that they should not commit themselves by a formal resolu tion to cut off any portion of the r till the time bad arrived to carry it out. The right hon. gentleman opposite ✓id he should support the motion. Consider the tendency of the support which the right bon. gentleman was going to give. The right hon. gentleman said it was too late to Cling to the rags and tatters of protection. Well, but some hon. gentlemen sitting behind him had expressed a very different opinion. He appealed to the friends of free trade whether it was desirable that they should commit themselves by a formal vote at this period .( the financial year.' When he remembered the great services the hon. member fur Montrose had rendered, and particularly in moving for and presiding over the import duties committee, be thought his perliamentery experience and sagacity would lead him to give his principles • fair chance, not by carrying this mo tion to • division, hut by being satisfied by the assurance given by his right hon. friend that he had sewn his seed is the seed time and that in due time the harvest would bring forth its increase. Mr. MILES said he bad not the slightest objection to the first part of the resolution, but he objected to that part of it which spoke of repealing the same duties. (Laughter.) lie hail invariably supported protection, because he conceived it to be beneficial to all el f the community; but, at the same time, in fairness to themselves, they should con sider that many of these articles of agricultural produce were manufactured articles, and as long as they maintained other duties he thought they should maintain these. Mr. H UME, in reply, said it seemed they were all unani mous. The only question was how they were to carry out this great principle of free-trade. He was anxious to have a vote of the house that no one article connected with ma nufactures should remain in the tariff, while the agricul tural interest wa, subject to competition ; but he certainly did say, that if they declared his principle, be should not put tne house to the trouble of dividing. (. Oh!" from the Opposition.) If hon. members wished to give an una nimous v.te, he hope I minister, would not object to it. The house then divided— Aye. Noes 101 _ 169-58 The motion was thus lost. CROWN SOLICITORS IN IRELAND. Mr. FITZGERALD moved for certain papers relating to the appointment of crown solicitors in Ireland, and called attention to the resignation of Mr. Kemmis, a crown so licitor, and the appointment of his son, at an increased salary, to the office, just before the last government relin quished office. and titer they hod resigned. Sir J. YOUNG said that the legality of the appointment was under the consideration of the law officers of the crown. Its would ba happy to produce the papers requested, with the exception of one correspondence. Mr. NAPIER wished to have all the papers produced. He repudiated the "job" charged against the late govern ment; and explained that the resignation bad been received, and the appointment virtually made, during the month pre vious to that in which the government went out. Mr. Fl IZOERALD was not entirely satisfied, and the papers were ordered. IRISH FISHERIES. Mr. III'MAHON moved for leave to bring in a bill for the improvement of the Irish fi,heries. The boo. member said as he uudentood that the introduction of the bill was not objected to, he would reserve his statement respecting it for the second reading. Sir J. YOUNG said it must be understood that be did not, by consenting to the introduction of this bill, pledge himself to sawn to the second reading. Agreed to. 1 OWN COUNCILS OF SCOTLAND. Mr. DUNLOP °bullied leave to bring IS a bill to provide for this supplying of vacancies in town councils of burghs in Scotland consegnent on null or irregular elections. PLACES OF WORSHIP. Viscount PALMERSTON obtained leave to bring in a bill to amend the law concerning the certifying and regis taring of places of religions worship in England. The noble lord also obtained leave to bring in a bill to make provision concerning the intermits which may be sequired under cer tain appointments and presentations in and in relation to cathedral sad collegiate churches. BLACKBURN ELECTION. Sir J. SHELLEY moved that the minutes of the evidence taken before the committee on the Blackburn election peti tion be laid before this house. lie made this motion at that late hour upon the understanding that the debate would be adjourned until Monday, when this motion and the others of a similar character that stood in his name cool I be made an order of the day. Mr. DEEDES said the question involved in the motion was a very important one. It could not be disposed of at that late hour, and he should therefore move the adjourn ment of the debate until Monday. Mr. SOTHERON said on the adjournment he should persist is moving the following amendment:—" That in all eases when the seat of any member has been declared void by an election committee en the grounds of bribery or treating, no motion for the issuing of • new writ shall be made without previous notice being gives in the votes." Lord J. RUSSELL said perhaps the decision in one cue would he taken u a decision in the whole, but it was too late to fully into the matter then. lf, therefore, the debate was ad journed until Monday, he would use his influent:* to hare it plated amorist the gist orders of the day. Alter a protest from Mr. F. FRANCK against the delay in the issuing of the writs, the motion for the adjournment of the debate was agreed to. BLACKBURN ELECTION. Sir J. SHElXllFmOVeiikaiih;,:riiior the borough of Blackburn be suspended until the Ilth of April next. Lord J. RUSSELL moved the adjournment of the de bate until bionday.—Agreed to. BR iDONORT ELECTION. Sir J. SHELLEY moved that the minutes of the evi dence taken heron the committee on the Bridgnerth elec tion petition be printed. Lord J. RUSSELL moved the adjournment of the debate until Monday. ELECTION. Mr. V. BMITH moved that Mr. Speake;:sio not issue his warrant to the clerk of the crown to make out a new writ for the electing burgesses to serve in this present parlia ment for the borough of Cambridge, sista Monday, the 11th day of April Dem. Agreed to. _ _ SLAVE TRADE. _ The Slave Trade — (Newo raad;)Eill, sad the Slave Trade (Scher in Arabia) Bill, were pared through MUM nines. COMMONS INCLOSURE (No. 2) BILL. This bill watt through committee sad was ordered to be reported. MUTINY BILLS. The Mutiny and is severally pained through committee. The other orden of the day were then disposed of, and the house adjotuned at 1 o'clock. ELECTION EXPOSURES. CHATHAM. Yesterday on the reassembling of this committee, Kr. Serjeant Wrentham, Q.C., was occupied for the ex traordinary period of from 11 o'clock, a.m., to 10 minutes put 4 o'clock, p.m., Is summit( up the evidence on behalf of Sir Frederick Smith. On re-assembling to-day the com mittee will give their decision. WATERFORD COUNTY. Yesterday this committee, consisting of Mott. W. 0. Stanley (chairmen), Mr. Barrow, Sir If. Milford, Mr. J. L. Ricardo, and Mr. Marshall, met to consider the elle ptious contained in the petition against the sitting mem bers for Waterford County. Mr. Calvert, Q.C., opened the case for the petitioners, ex dainiag that the allegdtions contained in it were based upon the grounds of bribery and kidnapping of voters, their receipt of parochial relief within twelve months of the tine of polling, and lees of occupancy between the lists being sent is and the period of polling. William Brien, sworn and examined by Mr. Middleman. lle said—l am son to Patrick Brien, of Curraghroehe, who occupied a house and land there. Be died 31st Den, 1861. I was at the last election for Waterford county. I was at Dungarees. My brother Patrick, a younger brother, voted for my father. Crose.examined by Mr. Meagher—My father wee " mid dling old." I have not seen my brother pay the rent, but I know he paid the county tax, and perhaps the poor rate. He was "setting up' for muter of the house and farm. Some corroborative evidence having been adduced, The Chairman said a case of personation was proved against Patrick Brien. In another ease of a somewhat similar kind, the commit tee decided that the evidence was insufficient.. Two cease of personation having bees prosed to the satis faction of the ocumnittee, an adjournment took plane till to morrow (this day) at 11 o'clock. RAILWAY BILLS ON STANDING ORDERS. Yesterday the select committee on standing orders alit, sad decided that the standing orders might be dis pensed with in the following important cases: Easy KENT ItsiLwaY.—The standing orders to be die peeped with, and the parties permitted to proceed with their bill, provided the same be presented not later than three clear days after peseestation of the committee's re port, sad that they prove before the committee on the biU that amended plans and sections have been deposited in the Private Bill-oflice. LONDON AND MID WESTERN RAILWAY.—To proceed, on proving before the committee on the bill that they have amended the list of owners, lessees, and occupiers. LONDON AND NURTU WESTERN (NORTIIAILFION Sammie). MALTON AND DRIFEIRLD JUNCTION RAILWAY. WOODFORD RAILWAY. NEW TRIAL% IN CRIMINAL CAST-S.—Yesterday Mr. Butt's bill to make further provision for the granting of new trials in criminal courts was issued. There are 35 clauses in the bill. and one of them is that a judge may ap point • reporter in capit•l cases to take the evidence. It will surprise many that the bill at present is only to extend to Ireland. THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY " EVENING MARCH 4, 1853 . gut. exvirtoo. TO CORRESPONDENTS. a e nnui Mitten et " The Express," the lane moire', thistle," le pabilabel wary Tees4o iM RMar Plitt. Is Um, for post. 4 inotoeraeatelatealled for " The Elevate," Lades Evening paper, Tenet he at the Mao, le, heaverleheereet, hy Tea o'elook ea toe W ie pabrleation. ntu►i WATRR AT LONDON BILIDOIL Tins Da , —Montag. SIA.II)a.. -Aftornsea. 94.15.. raw atuw—lllerums. Wa. 14 Ationmpas. WC 411.. FRANCE. PARIS, THIIMIDAT Evistwo. A despatch from Vienna announces that on the night of the 28th ult. the Archduchess Sophia slept in her own apartment for the first time since the attempted assassination of the young Emperor. It is to be inferred from the following semi-official announcement in the Conalitutionnei, that, although u a result of the protracted discussions at the Tuile ries the budget will be presented with the deficit considerably reduced, the desired equilibrium has not been established. It is announced that the budget of 1851, the examination of which has just been concluded by the Council of State, will be presented to the Corps Legislatif at the end of next week. If we are well informed, in consequence of reductions in certain departments, such as the ma rine and public works, it has been found prac ticable to augment divers expenses judged necessary in other departments, and yet to approximate con siderably to an equilibrium between the receipts and ex penses. That would be a magnificent result after the re duction of taxes, the just importance of which was pointed out by the Aloniteur the whir day. We shall have occa sion to return to the very satisfactory state of our financial situation after the presentation of the budget. It will be well to wait, not only for the presenta tion, but for the discussion that will ensue, before forming a final opinion as to the value of this puff preliminary. The Mi-Carime, favoured by a bright sun, accom panied by the drawback of a piercing wind, has been celebrated to-day by the traditional procession of masquers on the boulevards. The masquere are, however, not allowed to wear their masks, and the whole display is but the mere shadow of what it formerly was. The procession consists of little more than a few advertising vans, decorated with flags, and bearing some habitual denizens of the counter, decked out in flaming fancy costume. Of these the only one remarkable was that of the Prophets, the French " Moses and Son." In the triumphal car of this establishment appeared a ' " cutter-out," of large stature, attired in the robes of John of Leyden, tailor and saint, drawn by six horses, with white plumes, almost as wavy and abundant as those which deco rated the eight coursers that drew the imperial wed ding coach. lie was preceded by a regiment of tailors on horseback, blowing horns, and dressed like beef-eaters. If the amusements of Mi-Carme have fallen off, it is quite otherwise with respect to the masked balls at night. These are ten fold more numerous than they were some few years ago, and some people account for the meagre appearance of the street revels, by suggesting that the masses save their money for what they consider the more serious rejoicings of the evening. More spirit and animation have been displayed on the Bourse to-day than any day this week. The Three per Cent. Itentes, called at the opening 80f. 55c. for cash, and 80f. GOc. for the account, left off at an improvement of 15c., and the Four-and-a- Half per Cents. 30c. higher, being last called 108 f. 50c. for cash. Bank Stuck declined 3f., closing at 2,797 f., and no quotable variation in any of the leading railway shares or similar investments. PARIS, WEDNESDAY EVININO. A heavy blow has been struck at the Parisian press. Three journals, the Freese, the Asseinblre, and the Mode, have received warnings. With the exception of the comparatively unimportant warning given a few days since to the Gazette de France, the peculiar engine of terror invented by the present government, and called • " warning," has not been set in motion against any metropolitan journal since the amnesty for press offences, which accompanied the proclamation of the Empire. M. Emile de Girardin has published three articles in the Press. entitled, " Why the Republic did not last," which, with very slight alterations, might be appropriately headed thus, " Why the Empire will not last." In these he openly contended that uni versal suffrage should never delegate its sovereignty, that it should be a perpetually active principle, so organised as to be able at an?, time tepull down what it has set up. this, of course, is treated by the Emperor as an attack upon the constitution of the country. The incriminated article in the Assembles was provoked by a series of articles in the Constitedionnel by M. Oranier de Cas sagnac, headed " The Bonaparte. and the Bourbons," in which the government writer attempted to prove from history that the Bourbon dynasty had died a natural death, and that the fourth, or Napoleonic dynasty, united every requisite for the foundation of a new hereditary line of monarchs. The A seemblee, in reply, treated the Empire of 1804 as a brilliant meteor, presenting no points of comparison with the monarchical institution which had been the slow growth of centuries. It argued that Nopoleon I. admitted and bitterly lamented that he was never seriously looked upon, even by his own partisans, as the representative of the hereditary principle. The Bemires Consultum of 1804 decreed in words that the Empire should be herediMr3r, but it was never regarded by public opinion in France as anything but a temporary personal government, depending entirely upon the life of a single man, his name, and his victories or defeats. It is implied, although not openly stated, that the present Empire is of the l ame mushroom species as that of which it presump tuously professes to be the legitimate continuation. The article in question is generally attributed to M. Guizot. A journal warned is one-third suppressed. The law only contemplates two warnings, and for 'the third offence prescribes suppression. It is said that when the Emperor left mass at the Tuileries on Sunday he expressed surprise at not having seen any member of the Corps Legielatif in the chapel. Upon its being observed to his Majesty that probably the deputies were not aware that they had a right to come there, the Emperor gave orders that not only the members of the Senate and Corps Legialatif should be admitted every Sunday, but also their ladies. It is now the Empeeor's custom to give audiences to private individuals on Sunday from 12 o'clock till 4. The persons admitted to an audience are distributed in different galleries and salons of the palace, ten or fifteen in each. Every person is then called for in succession b 7 his name, and the Emperor generally converses with him foe the space of five or ten minutes. The Empress has hitherto received but very few private visits, and almost all of those have been from old intimate acquaintances. The Journal de 1 'Oise says:—" A letter lately sent from Rome by a person whose name inspires complete confidence, confirms the news which we have already given of the approaching journey of the Pope to France, and of his residence at Compiegne. This journey is the great subject of conversation at Rome, and it is said there that his Holiness will re main two months in France." A decree of the Emperor enacts that 2,000,000 fr. shall be appropriated to the railway from Paris to Cherburg, and 3,000,000 fr. to that from Bordeaux to Cette, and eventually from Bordeaux to Bayonne, and Narbonne to Perpignan. A letter from Macao states that the French Chargé d'Affaires in China has sent in an energetic protest against the persecutions to which Christians are sub jected in that country. M. Buachek, the director in Europe of the New York Universal Exhibition, has had the honour of sa audience of the Emperor, who expressed the most lively interest in the undertaking, and assured M. Buachek that the imperial manufactures would be well represented there. LONDON, FRIDAY, MARCH 4. THE Titnes—breathing the hopes, and animated by the very spirit, of Austria--says the time has come when the maintenance of the Ottoman Empire in its present form is " impracticable and undesirable." At the very moment when our powerful Absolutist contemporary is talking in this temper, we hear of armies, Austrian and Russian, moving towards the Turkish frontier—whispers are circulated of a eon geese of the great powers to consider some vital ques tions of European policy,—and envoys hurry to and from Constantinople. At first blush all this seems very positive and very alarming, but despite what the friends of Austria and Russia may say to the contrary, a little inquiry will show that it is " both practicable and desirable "to preserve the national position of our ancient Eastern ally, and far more easy to keep out of war by preserving the honourable faith of treaties than by entering into any disgraceful compact to share iu spoils obtainable only by the betrayal and partition of an ancient Empire. This hint of an intended repetition of the plan adopted to wards Poland, has stimulated national curiosity to a high degree. People want to know whether it be possible that the Absolutist Courts are really bent on a new crusade against a nation's independ ence; and in this temper they will own another debt of gratitude towards Lord DUDLEY STUART —the chivalric friend of the oppressed for the question he put to the Government last night in the House of Commons. His statement throws a new light on the Montenegrin quarrel. It is already known that the Vladika took up arms ,on his return from St. Petersburg, and in the interest of Russia—it now comes out that whilst Prince DANIEL was leading his followers against the SUL TAN, the CZAR was advising the SULTAN to attack the Vladika! " Divide, and conquer," is still a fa vourite motto with the Muscovite. Pointing out the relations of the Porte to Montenegro, Lord DUDLEY STiTster last night indicated the way in which Austria took advantage of the embroilment to urge some demands on the Divan, selecting for their agent the Military Governor of Cracow. The heel of Count LEININOEN has been taken for awhile from the neck of the Poles in Cracow that it might tread the bazaars and palaces of Constantinople, under the plea of de manding for Austria the protectorate of the Christians in Turkey. Heaven save all men from Austrian pro tection—Austria, who turned out the English missionaries, and erects the gallows en per manence. " The fact was," the honourable member for Marylebone most truly went on to say :—" The fact was that the Turkish Govern ment was the most tolerant in the world, and had permitted the installation of a Protestant Bishop in Jerusalem. He wished that Protestants, Catholics, and Greeks could be brought to act towards one another as the Turks had acted towards all Christians. It might be said they were tolerant now because they were weak ; but not so. When they took Con stantinople they did not expel the conquered race as Catholics did in Spain ; and when they took Jerusalem their first act was to irotect the Holy Sepulchre roand which the most disgraceful battles took place constantly between different sects of Christians. Now the Turks were harassed by the most intolerant people in Europe—Austria, who had put thousands to death on religious grounds in the different coun tries subject to her rule. History told how she acted in the Low Countries and Bohemia. That Protestantism was not exterminated in Hungary they might thank the Turks, who, during the 150 years they ruled in that oountry, allowed Protes tants the tree exercise of their religion. But no one supposed that these pretences had any 'sincerity in them. Some hidden motive was urging Austria onward in her tyrannical and impolitic career." Doubtless. Despotic rulers do not move armies and send envoys without motives, and strong ones, too, and what the motive is in this case was ex plained to us by the Times. The "maintenance of the Ottoman Empire is no longer desirable," and Austria and Russia wish to carve it up between them —throwing, it may be, a stray morsel of their booty —as burglars throw a sop to a house dog to tjuiet him— to France and England, if the two most intelligent, wealthy, and civilised States in the world can consent to stand quiescently by. But wo are now reminded that we have not only honourable reasons for not aiding and abetting any such national spoliation— not only pledgee, and treaties, and reasons of Euro pean policy, to induce us to support our ancient ally —but that commercial arguments also come into the question. We were told the other day by the organ of Baron BRUNNOW that free trade required the upset of the Turkish rule in favour of Austria and Russia. But how can this be, when during the last twenty you* our trade with Turkey has quadrupled, "whilst that with Russia has only doubled, and that with Austria has positively diminished P In trade Turkey is liberal—Russia and Austria exclusive." With these facts put plainly before them by Lord DUDLEY STUART list nigh t, the House of Commons could not do other than listen most anxiously to Lord ions Russi.u.'s reply to the question whether the English Government held the same opinion as for merly on the necessity for upholding Turkish inde pendence. The reply brought down hearty cheers : " In my opinion," said the present Leader of the Eng lish House of Commons, " you could not attempt the dismemberment of Turkey, by force or by diplomacy, without committing a great crime, and a violation dell the laws which bind nations ; and I trust there is no Englishman who wishes to be a party to any such transactions in regard to Turkey as those 'which ac companied the partitioning of Poland." As for the threat indirectly thrown out, that Aus tria may close her frontiers against English travel lers, we reply, "As soon as she pleases." Fortunately Austria does not hold possession of the most pic turesque, or the most pleasurable, or the most his ' tonically, or commercially interesting portions of Europe. She has no power over the Alps of Switzerland or Savoy, over picturesque and delightful Paris, over the historic streets of Rome, the ruins of Athens, or the bazaars of Constantinople. All these fields for holiday excursions do not belong to the EMPEROR. Shut out from the vicious pleasure. of Vienna and debarred from witnessing the sufferings of the Magyars or being shocked by the groans of the Mantuaus and the Milanese, the English tourists —if France, and Switzerland, and Greece are not enough—may well extend their summer rambles to those Christian provinces across the Adriatic now held by the SULTAN, though coveted by the Cult. These same English travellers may there be able from personal experience to contrast the role of Vienna over Hungary, with that of Constantinople over Bosnia and Streik Wallachia and Roumelia. They may see in the one Romanist intole rance, and in the other Moslem toleration ; in the one, English commerce almost a stranger; in the other, English commerce grown to four times its former amount within twenty years; in the one, constant public executions, whippings, and imprison ments, cities in a state of siege, and maddened emus sins attempting the life even of an Emperor—in the other, no capital punishments for political offences, no intestine broils, and religious reverence for the CALIPH. Returning from such a summer tour, we may perhaps have English travellers advising all sorts of ne w specula t ions requiring un limited capital : —Great Eastern and Western Junctions of Turkey Railways, Bosphorus General Steam Navigation Companies, the Stamboul, Mossoul and Bengal Electric Telegraph Associations, Great Wheal 'Turkish Mining and Smelting Adventures, and Heaven knows how many other go-a-head propositions for locating vigour and wealth once more in the now somnolent East. Bat one thing, the Englishman who takes such a trip will never bring home with him—a wish to see the modern iron despotism of Russo-Austrian growth supplant the tolerant and manageable rule of the Ottoman EMPEROR. ADMIRALTY AGENTS.— Lieutenants Hemmans and Boyce, ILN., hare been appointed Admiralty agents on this Southampton mail packet station. GERMANY. THE NEW TREATY. BERLIN, Fes. 27. The Conference of Coalitionists at Vienna was dis solved quietly, and without any particular ceremony, immediately after the conclusion of the Anatre- Prussian treaty. It must be presumed that they were cognisant of the course of negotiation, and con-' cur in the measure. The conferences between' Prussia and the coalitionists for the prolongation of the Zollverein and incorporation of the Hanoverian Steuerverein will be resumed, it is said, about the middle of next month. It will then appear whether Prussia will blindly sacrifice its independence in matters of commercial policy by tying itself down to the unanimous consent of its Zollverein allies, or whether it will demand, as the chief power, comprising half the union, that it be vested with discretionary power to reduce the tariff rates in such proportion us the financial and commercial in tenet of the union may appear to dictate. This is what Prussia obviously ought to do ; and there are parties in the government who urge the step, and would regard the renewal of the Zollverein, without such discretionary power for Prussia, as an irretriev able political blunder. ITALY. In the Milan Gazette of the 24th, Count Gyulai made known to the Milanese that persons dissemi nating news of disquieting character and not true would be tried by court-martial. We find the following in the Genoa journal, to which it is addressed: TO TRI P 1312011 OF PHI ITALIA I POPOLO. 8114—The recent movement in Milan, which though cut short in the beginning, by incidents beyond all human cal - culation, and limited to the spot, by virtue of that prudence which looks not to blame or to praise, but only to the object to be achieved, should have swelled every hottest heart with Italian pride, and ahoull have revealed to the most doubt ing the real tendencies of our people, hitherto misunder stood and misrepresented by fatal prejudices and by cowardly fears, has called forth almost universal blame. I feel the entire responeibility that results from the last proclamation of the national committee, written by me, and conntenigned by only one of my colleagues —nor do I disclaim it. I shall hasten to declare with all the promptitude that the circumstances in which I am placed will permit, the rounds on which I assume this responsibility, willingly and proudly. And since lukewarm friends and irrecon. cileable enemies require it, I will condescend to speak of myself. I ask—not of men whose only doctrine is err ruffs ! not of journalists who for 300 francs a month sell their consciences and their pens to an aristocracy that is dead ere it was born—not of the consciously or unconsciously cul pable, who deny to Italy the power of an initiative now made evident by the heroic martyrdoms, the glorious darings of the lest four years—but of Italians who do in deed love their country, hare a lofty sense of her destinies, and who fume and fight to accomplish them—only a few days suspension of their judgment. My soul is em►ittered—by sorrow Rot by remorse. The faith which four-and-twenty years ago lighted up my youth with a smile of enthusiasm glows more warmly than ever— eternal day-star of the mind. Let not the youth of my country renounce it. It will not be renounced by • popu lation which, superior to the puny intellects of a class, that destroys when it should direct, can dare amid a gene ra; lethargy, with merely such offensive means as even Aus triacould not put beyond the reach of citizens—to affront the cannon anal fortress of Milan. Yours, February 22. JOSEPLI BIAZZINI. SWITZERLAND. The Parlamevto of Turin states, from Bellinzona, that Colonel Bourgeois, the federal commissioner who had been sent into Ticino, has found nothing to corroborate the supposition of connivance on the part of the cantonal authorities at the plans of the authors of the Milan movement. The muskets sup posed to be concealed in the house of a M. Ciani have turned out to be flooring for an inn that is building, and the powder talked of was a provision ordered several years before for the cantonal arsenal. SPAIN. It is daily made plainer that the policy of the new Spanish ministry is a bad plagiary from the other side of the Pyrenees. The Gazette of the 25th ult. publishes a royal decree, dismissing the Governors of Seville and Guadalajara, for no other motive than the failure of the government candidates in the last elections. TURKEY. Although it is confirmed that Count Leiningen, on arriving at Trieste from Constantinople, informed his government by telegraph that the Porte had "conceded all his demands , the latest letters from Vienna make it in the highest degree probable that this result is only due to the revision and abatement of the first original requirements of Austria, and that merely secondary questions have been settled in his negociation. This was to be expected from the nature of the questions raised in some of those demands which admitted of no settlement by private compact between Austria and the Porte, but called for the' concurrence of the western powers whose policy is bound up with the territorial integrity of Turkey. Until the nature of the concessions to Austria are made known politicians will be curious to learn the sense in which the two courts understand the "protection" of the Bosnian Christians claimed by Austria, and which it is understood is one of the points oa which Turkey has yielded. It is to be supposed that this prerogative is in future to be in kind what it was before the mission of Count Leinin gen—namely, a right to stipulate for certain privi leges to be enjoyed by the Christian population, and to remonstrate upon any failure in that engagement. That any right to interfere with the internal or ganisation of Bosnia, or to meddle with the interior affairs of the province, as Russia has lately inter fered in Sends, and is at this moment doing in Mol davia, is inconceivable. Though Trieste accounts have been received from Constantinople of the 12th, at which date the Porte had frankly acceded to all that was just and well founded in the demands of the court of Vienna, but had made reserves to the possession of the ports of Bleck and Sntorina, insisting on this question being submitted to the decision of France and England. That reply had not led to the result expected by the Porte, and on the morning of the 12th, Count de Leiningen informed the Porte that he should take his departure in the course of the day with all the persons of the legation. M. de Lavalette and Col. Rose then interfered with the Austrian envoy, and with much difficulty induced him to wait 24 hours longer. But the count declared that that delay was the last which he could accord, his instructions being formal ; and matters were in that state when these accounts left. The ports in question are the only ones which Turkey possesses on the Albanian coast to the north of Antivari, and it is of the greatest importance that she should not be hindered in making a natural use of them, namely, as maritime outlets for the province of Bosnia and Herzegowina. Austria has two reasons for objecting to this ; and the position of the Turkish ports, forming, as they do, the termination of strips of territory enclosed on each side by possessions of Austria, makes it easy for this power to enforce its will. By insisting on a pretended right to exclusive navigation in the waters into which the ports open, Austria secures the transit of commodities destined for Herzegowina and the west of Turkey through her own custom-houses ; and while thus possessing her herself of revenues fairly belonging to neigh hour, makes the provinces thus supplied less valuable to Turkey, in the hope of some day getting them thereby on easier terms. It is to be hoped that the Porte has not found it necessary to abandon its rights on this subject. The Trieste Ga:ette states from Constantinople, 12th alt. :—u The French ambassador has obtained from the Ottoman Porte an ind'mnity for the holders of the coupons of the loan. The sum is not fixed, but the principle is decided on." MONTENEGRO. A telegraphic despatch from Vienna states that the order to Omer Pacha to suspend hostilities against the Montenegrins had reached the Seruskier at his head quarters. The newspapers bring reports of movements to the Bth, but these aro of apocryphal character, and more over lose their importance now that the conflict is suspended and the venue of the strife is changed. The Augsburg Gazette quotes letters from Dalma tia, giving intelligence from Montenegro up to the 9th ult. The two Austrian officers sent to confer with Omer Pacha had returned, and been received by him with the greatest urbanity. They refused, how , ever, to accept of '2 Arabian horses, one of which Omer Pacha intended for the Emperor of Austria, and the other for General Mamula, who commands in hal lmatis. Omer Pacha promised to respect the fron tier. He is said to suspect Colonel Stratimirovie (of the Austrian army) of secretly abetting the Montene grins. Osman Pacha entered Lescopolje on the 7th ; his cavalry suffered much ; Kokoti and the left bank of the Zeta are in his hands. There is a rumour current that Omer Pacha, having on the Bth set out to reconnoitre the country from Hadji Most, the Zeta, swollen with the late heavy rains, carried off the bridge, thus cutting off his retreat ; when the Montenegrins fell upon the Turks during the night, cut down several hundreds of them, and made 500 prisoners. A large number of the Turks are said to have laid down th eir - arms; the rest, it is said, fled to Spus. Vbe Court. Intelligence having been received of tho death of Prince Reuss Eberadorff, which took place at Dresden on the 18th ult., her Majesty, nines Albert, and the royal family will go into mourning for a fortnight Irons this day. Thedeceased Prince was first cousin once removed to her Majesty and his Royal Ilighsts., and first cousin to the Duchess of Kent. The ()seen and Prince Albert, acoompanied by the Princess Royal, Prince Alfred, and the Princess Alice, and attended by the Countess of Desert, the Hum. Caroline Cavendish, the Marquis of Ormorale, Colonel touverie, and Captain the Hon. Dud:ey de Ros, honoured the Princess's Theatre with their presence on 'Wednesd• evening. Prince Albert, attended by Colonel the lion. C. B. Phipps, presided, yesterday morning, at the Council for the Manage ment of the Duchy of Cornwall, at the Duchy Office, Somerset house. The Hon. Eleanor Stanley and the Hon. Beatrice Bing have relieved the lion. Caroline Cavendish and the Hon. Flora Macdonald in tLeir duties at Maids of Honour in Waiting to her Majesty. The Duchess of Kent, accompanied by the Princess Ade laide of Hohenlotie, and attended by 1,4 Fanny Howard, Baroness de Speth, and Lard James Murray, honoured the Haymarket Theatre with her pi. sence on Wednesday evening. The Due and Duchene de Nemoun visited the Duchess of Kent on Wednesday at her retidence, Clarence House, St. James's. A deputation on the subject of the truck system had as interview with Viscount Palmerston yesterday at the Home office. The deputation consisted of Viscount Goderieb, M P., Viscount Lewisham, M.P., the Richt Hou. C. I'. Villiers, M.l'., Mr. thoo.as Thornely, M.P., Mr. Charles Forster, M P., the Hon. General Anson, M I'., Captain Rushout, M.P., Mr. Ilivehins, M.P., Messrs. J. H. Rubin s..n, T. P. Brettell, W. 11. Duignan, and John Spicer, fswin Walsall; Messrs. 'Mt. Sargent, Charlie Ltater, Peter Peters, and Joseph Ligon. y (thlatun); Messrs. T. E. Ward, Edward Hopkins, and James Aston (Tipton), and James Darby and J. C. Cook (Dudlc) ), and Mr. J. Bingham (Wolverhampton). Mr. Hamilton Lindsay, chairman of the Eastern Archi pelago Company, Mr. Ilcnry• Wi•e, managing director, and Mr. Edmur.di Scott Larber, enizioetr, had an is erricw with the Duke of Newcastle on Wednesday at the Colonial office. The O'Gorman Mahon had an interview with Viscount Palmerston yesterday. Mr. Muatz, M.P., had also an na -1 tervit w with the noble vi.count at the Home-Alec A deputation from Worcester on the subject vf the Public Health Act, t.ad an interview with Sir William Mqlesworth yesterday, at the Office of Works and Public Buildings in Whitehall-place. The deputation were introduced by Earl Beauchamp and Viscount Motley, and consisted of Messrs. J. W. Knipe, James Minchall, Haigh, and Bozward. A deputation from Lambeth had au interview with Vis count Palmerston. The deputation consisted of the Rev. C. Dalton, rector of Lambeth, Mr. W. Williams, M.l'., Mr. \V. A. Wilkinson, M.P., Mr. Toyer, churchwarden, Mr. Doulton, Mr. Evans, Mr. Giles, Mr. Adamson, Mr. Greve, Dr. Buskell, and Mr. Wiltshire, surveyor Despatches were sent yesterday front the Coloninl-3ffice to the Governors of Australia, Hung Kong, Ceylon, and the Mauritius. ANOTHER BREAK DOWN OF THE AUSTRALIAN. (Ey inacrisic TBLEORAPH.) PLYMOUTH, MAacn 3. The Australian mail steamer left this morning at nine o'clock, and returned again about noon in consequence of the discovery of some defect. She is cspected to leave to-morrow at nine a.m. The Hellespont sailed this evening for Australia. Her Majesty's ship Sanspareil strived from Lisbon at five p.m. A LETTER FROM KOSSUTH. 11, Kensington-park-terrace, Notting-hill. TO CAPTAIN NAYNI REID. My dear Sir,-1 thank you very much for having drawn my attention to the letter of Martini published in the journals of to-day, which otherwise might not have come under my knowledge, u, unfortunately, 1 cannot re gularly read the newspapers. You are quite right in supposing that there may be found men who will be waiting to avail themselves of ltlazsini's Letts:. as a pretext fur spreading the sneculativs rumour that there is a dissension between my friend biamini and myself. But I am sure that with intelligent readers and straight forward public opinion such • stratagem will lied no credit. Maszini and I, Italy and Hungary, are and will be united for ever. That is not only a neccuity of the community of our interests, but also the free choice of our mutual affection, which we both sincerely entertain, and will, I hope, centinue to entertain throughout our lives. There is really no material difference between the sub stance of Mazzini's letter and my former letter to you, which you have published.. I expressly and emphatically stated that I not only do not disavow the sentiments of that proclamation, but acknowledge that I may have written the very words of it for different exigencies lung ago, probably when I was yet a prisoner at Kutnhia ; but that it was used on the present occasion without my knowledge or consent ; and that I addressed from English soil no proclamation to the Hungarian soldiers in Italy, engaging them to join in any rising in Italy now; the more so, because I was always convinced, and have always expressed it to be my :envie tion, that it will be wiser for the Italians to wait; because, in my opinion, at the time of the late Milan insurrection, no revolutionary movement could have succee.!ed in Lombardy, but would tura out to be but a deplorable emeute (an anti cipation but too mournfully confirmed by subsequent fact.); and convinced as I am that any great national moninent of Italy should and will be seconded by the Hungarian,. I was equally anxious and careful that the Hungsrian forces should not be entangled in a mere emaciate—which. how ever valiantly fought, can only increase the number of brave martyrs, without doing any good to the cause of liberty. This is what I have written. Now, sir, what is it that Mazzini writes in his letter ? That be has in his hands a proclamation signed by me, which I have sent him from Kutahia, Turkey ; that a copy of this proclamation was deposited by him at the time with the central internal direction of the national party in Italy, in order that in case he should be prevented from joining the movement, and I should be far off at the time, • docu ment of alliance and an appeal important to the success of one indissoluble national causes should not be lost. That the Dire sting Internal Committee having decided upon action, availed themselves of it now end printed it clandestinely, (as Mazzini writes me) in au Italian town ; inserted—he should have said " substitta , a"—the date of February, 185:3, for 1851. That they omitted some paragraphs which MaraMi thinks only indicated the more remote date, and that they circulated it. Finally, that it was only on the 9th (more correctly, 10th), after the insurrection woe over, that Nfaszini wrote me these particulars, and that be wrote them " regrettingly." Well, let who ever may plena compare what Mazzini states with what I have stated, and no one will find an ar gument to make men believe that there is a difference be tween us. Mazzini explained the particulars of what I had judged sufficient to explain in generality. But I know those who would be glad to create a dim- Millen between us will insist upon my not hav ing retracted the proclamation written at Kutahia in 1951, and in consequence having consented to its being used whensoever. This would be strange reason ing indeed. When I was a prisoner at Kutahia, I was net free to judge and to act for myself, and therefure ft wu natural to entrust the document to those who were free to judge the exigencies of any arising opportunity, and to net accordingly. But this authority has, according to every in terpretation of social duties, and of mutual conditions be tween allies, ceased, in fact, to exist the very moment when I became free to judge and to act for myself. Flom that time no one remained authorised to use my name without my consent, and, above all, there was no one authorised to say in my tame that the " moment is at hand " when I had always said the contrary. Even on the 2nd of February I wrote to them that the moment is "not yet at hand," and pressingly entreated them " to wait—to wait." It is true they may have had mighty reasons for not waiting. They must have had such reasons, indeed ; they are not men to trifle with the cause of their nation • but certainly :.11 their reasons cannot have entitled the Direct ing feu real Committee of Italy to put upon my lips the wordy, " The moment is at hand," when I was just saying the contrary. I might say alTthis, and more yet, but it ie not necessary, because there is a fact which clears up the matter perfectly, and I am the more glad to state that fact, that whilst it Isarfectly corroborates the denial which you were the fleet to give to the authenticity of the document in question, it at the same time shows that my friend Manuel himself stands perfectly clear in the matter, aad acted and wrote perfectly in good faith, as he always duel. The fact is this _ Martini writes that the original of that proclamation, signed by me, is in his hands. Now, the proclamation be has in his hands, is written in the Hungarian language. Ho gave a ge nuine copy of it, at the time it was written (that is in 11551) to the Directing Italian Committtee, and u he him self unfortunately WAS prevented from being present at 31 i:an at the outbreak, it was not he who had the document printed. Those who had it dose, subsequently reported to him, that they printed the proclamation, which he had scat them in Hol, and as he does not speak the Hungarian language, therefore he believz I candidly that the proclama tion circ ulated at Milan is a correct copy of that which be has from me in his hands, and thinks that only the dads was elicited, and only two such pm agrsphs omitted as i:s dicatc.. .he more remote date. lie cannot think otherwise, not undentinding the Hungarian langu?;te in which this circulated proclamation, as alas that which he has in his band:, is written. But there is precisely the netake—that is the point in which he, as well as I myself have been abased by those who have originated the circulation. I have in my hands the orginal of that original proela mation which I sent to Maasini in 15.51, and which he now has in hie bands. Besides I have a printed copy of thie proclamation in my hands, one of those copies which were printed in 185 l by the order of 7 , llzzini himself, and upon this double authentic evidence, I say that the proclamation in my name which was lefty plated in Italy and used at Milais (provided it is the very same which was published in alum' every English newspapci), is erritglertso.... front that original which M., s zini ' which he candidly and in goal faith beliereslis *are Zeus . • pub, "B at Milan, so much esseatiallOtealltittTelSairS /~'~'- I iiaNici%4442jl,. 111 !