The Express. — London, England, 1856-05-27 00:00:00

LONDON, TUESDAY, MAY 27. Tex way to understand the condition and pro spects of the United States is to note well what hap pens within the Union. The world in general fixes its attention on the most prominent acts, and espe cially on the foreign relations of any empire which may be at the time an object of solicitude to its con temporaries. Trusting to this general tendency, and oleo to the apeciel ignorance of the European world about the home polities of America, the present raters of the United States have contrived plenty of excite ment and amusement for all who are contented with • superficial knowledge of American affairs. R - cent events have abundantly confirmed our view, constant from the beginning, that the disputes with England which seemed to threaten war were a resource from political dangers at home. We never believed in the probability of war, for reasons which we have re peatedly assigned, and because it was plain through out that Ste Southern States did not desire war, and the Northern did not expect it. The difficulty with England having been protracted to the utmost, other imposing movements are exhibited, by which the slaking PRESIDENT and his Cabinet evidently hope to occupy the attention of the world during the months which remain to them. They have half a year's suspense before them, before the Presidential election passes sentence on them and on their policy; and the more ostentatiously they parade their foreign affairs during that interval the more sure we may be that close attention to their federal policy will be re compensed by some remarkable new knowledge. It may be vary interesting to us that the affair of the Sound Dues is kept unsettled in a formidable way by the Americans ; that they have made a treaty with the FRAU by which they are entitled to keep a squadron of their ships in the Persists Gulf hence forth; that they are in difficulties with the Japanese; and that their native adventurers are pushing the same enterprise in Central America which answered in Texas and Mexico, with a similar defiance of justice, mercy, common honesty, and decent manners. It may he interesting to us to speculate on what the Government is really doing in regard to Wueuta's enterprise, and on what the destinies of Central America will turn out to be. Bat the best light that can be cast on even these external events mast be derived from the interior; and the shortest way to ascertain what the Americans are doing and may ex pect in the Chinese and Persian Seas sad in the Bal.in is to observe the relations of New England and the Carolinas to each other, and of both to Xingu. As the entire policy of the Amnion Go vernment has been instigated, directed, and ame trolled by the existence of a hopeless anomaly in her constitution—Slavery in a democratic republio—the true key' to the interpretation of her policy is an un derstanding of the condition of the Slavery question within 'be Union. Our readers need not be reminded that Americans of all States and all parties have re cently avowed that the Kansas question has beaus the test of the Union, and will decide its character and policy, if it survives the existing crisis. Scarcely a day now passes without the occonenes of some handout which reminds good patriots of the old revolutionary days, and of what it was then, as now, to read the signs of the times. There are probably few earnest thinkers in the States who are not aware that the present time is as truly revolutionary em the years when FRANKLIN flourished. Not a hw are even saying so ; and one member of the Senate has fixed all eyes upon the fact by offering an impeach ment of the PRESIDENT as solemn and out-spoken as that of the American colonies against GEORGE lIL It is certain that there is sound warrant far this pol ka in the facts of the case. President Pince has acted towards the settlers jest as GEORGE W.. acted tower& the colonists in his remote provisoes. In fusing to let them speak in Parliament, be was arraigned in a st.tement of grievances which will last as long as our language; and now President Ptretcx is arraigned in Congress in clesely analogons language for the same kind of misgovernment shown in acts which singularly correspond with those of our stiff necked old KING. Turning from Washington to Buses, we see the likeness of the two cues still pre served. The PRESIDENT sends arms to the 00,41110 f whom be has put over the head of the one chosen by the residents, while no efforts are spared to prevent tie Free State citizens from being armed. Every boat on the river and every waggon is liable to search for boxes which may contain arms. The PRESIDENT is connected with this order of triune floss by his upholding territorial authorities who are oppressing the atlases intolerably. No justice can be had in the courts, because no witnesses are allowed ea behalf of Free State citizens; and the principal citizens of that persuasion are arrested, day by day, charged with offences which they are not allowed to disprove, and hied in amounts which 'apply funds for carrying on the struggle against them. Law rence was the stronghold of the citizens. Their best abodes were there; and their own chosen GollereCif. REEDFJ, had a hoses there which oat 1,000 dollars. The place was rendered capable of defence; and it was the seat of popular councils. The Passennia's agents have sod denly discovered that Lansaw was befit on an Indian reservation; and every homes has bean palled down with extreme haste and violence. Leaven worth, a town inhabited chiefly by pro-slavery heal genets, and the headquarters of the border ruffians, also stands on en Indian reservation; but there is no talk of polling down anything there. As in the old revolutionary case, there are shallow minds and faint hearts among the men on the right side, and the difficulties which such waverr are sure to oeossicn. Some are for propitiating their oppressors by con temptuous treatment of the coloured rose—while protesting against Kansas being made • Slave State. We remember having seen an old London newspaper of the last century in which there was merriment at the expense of the silly impertinent colonists who put their trust in a low journeyman printer of the name of Fieeleue, and who had nobody toned them in war but an obscure, slow-paced, ieeffeetive per son of the name of °tonne Weaning:on. The American newspapers on the Government aide are now saying worse things of the Free- State men in Kansas, describing thus as pee pers and roseate, from Europe, and so teeth; se that the venerable Professor Sua.ntam has exerted himself—mat people think quite aeedissaly—to diode, from his own personal knowledge of many of thew, the settlers in Hanes se of the good aid New England breed—hard-wokers, with clear beads, stoat hearts, and correct habits. And thus does the parallel between the pest and the present ease pro ceed through many particulars. If we leek 'Lowboy, we tied not wily old Mum& anisette maintaining her Personal Liberty Law.' which pats her in direct collision with Unguent pre• slavery legislation at Washington, but young Ohio stepping forth to occupy the same &aggress emi nence. In the American newspapers may now be seen paragraphs headed " Nullification in Ohio." The legislature is of the people's mind—that such scenes se have taken place lately at Cuicinaati, in the re capture of fugitive slaves, are not to be endured I sad the Habeas Corpus Act has been treated as In Massachusetts. The merchants of the commercial ports, again, are organising an opposition to the Vir ginia law by which vessels ars searched, at the ex pense of the ewnere, for fugitive slaves. Noce of the recent proolavery laws will work; and the motioned which they have evoked affords a sure prophecy of the issue. More serious than any of these evident:re--more gratifying—more touching to as of the Old World is the change which is going on in the South. Strange as it may sound in some ears, the fact is true that the best thinkers of the Souther• States are the truest appreciators of the genuine abolitionists of the North. Evidence of this lies before us in a Southern newspaper—the Charleston Mercury, of April 9tb,— which contains a calm, solemn review of the pro gives of the abolition cause wherever it has been earnestly embraced, for other than political objects. It shows the success of antislavery principle and effort everywhere else, and anticipates its victory in the Carolinas themselves. As this is the view of a few who are above party ioratuation, the many are of course angry and contemptuous at what seems to them • desertion of the cases: hence schism in the citadel of slavery itself. Daring the quarrel with us, the influence of the South was all for peace, as we pointed out at the time. The un protected low coasts of the South, the perils of inva sion where slaves constituted half the population, and the repugnance of the South to the annexation of Canada, were ground enough for the peaceful disposi tion of the Slave States. To this is now added an extreme astonishment at the development of the old warlike spirit in the North—the spirit of resistance to oppremion like that now attempted in Kansas. The meeting in the church in Connecticut, where clergy men and university professors subscribed rifles and money to send a corps of armed settlers to Kauai. made • profound impression on the South; and a singular scene was soon witnessed there—the con verse of that in which Professor ficunuat was eo honourably conspicuous. In Alabama, an armed company of ■ poor white " immigrants wen marched to the Baptist church before sailing; and their com mander was presented with • handsome Bible. An ansouseneent was made that money would be raided to present each man with a Bible.• The sews of this raised a laugh among some people in New England, and appeared solemn enough to others. Is New England, every man. woman. and child has • Bible, while a rills it as ex ceptioaal affair. In the South every man carries • rifle, from boyhood onwards, and it appears t►et some of them were without Bibles. Their commander de. clued that in the strength of that book they would meet the men armed with Sharp's rifles, and they did act doubt of 'jenny. Neither do we doubt of victory where men go oat in earnest, with their Bibles buckled to their hearts, while their arms are ready in their hands : bet then, the two, from the North and the South, will find themselves on the same side. The " poor whites" are apt, as we have before explained, to join the free settlers, as soon as they see the case with their own eyes. Their Bibles will be • help to this ; and, looking at the whole aspect of the soup troveray, six months before the Presidential election, we cannot bat conclude that there is at present a fairer prospect of the Onset Republic doing Its duty by human liberties than at any time mince the death of its first great Presidents. The world can hardly be expected to believe this while the filibustering pro- penalties of the Americans are so rampant as they appear to be just now; but this filibustering has sprung mainly from "the peculiar institution;" and when slavery messes to be an attribute of the federal government, we may hope that territorial aggres sion will cease to be the great national excitement which • few unscrupulous adventurers would per suade the world that it is now. THE CARLTON CLUB. TO THI BlN—The report given in the Alonsing Herold' of the I .r:weedie r of the Carlton Club on Saturday last, m mauls me. is ineomplete and incorrect. I made no apelqty, and threw out no ouch dame, ao was attributed to me. The subsmatte cf what I said war, that "Although my sooneaion with the newspaper press had 'lased nearly a lair sad a half ago, and was not likely to be renamed, I did not shrink from the reammeibility. slam I ameilsrod that I had ss good a right to writs fee my party as other members of the club foaming them) mold ham to write for theirs; the only or ehwf Manama being that, whilst they wars mating, attalciag tbe luberal-mmervas tin perry ia ?beanie they could Dot vesture to mow, I bed always avowed ertielee, sad offered to be bareeeidly reereueible for tbes."—l to., A. HAYWARD. 11, Rhig's Beeeh•welh, May 26. gibe expreogl. TO 0011211OPONDINTIL Wended ter ••Tler isprese"adea Ivalaspepir, li tiet i rerthe Odes, le. Beiverierlrert, by Tire Ake es tire etpalikelisr ZION WATZR AT LONDON BRIMS. fun at-14nsdar, 71. 711. 43m. 10•4mounw--MaruSag, •1. 30a—...Atoresee. in. BAPTISM OF THE FRENCH IMPERIAL PRINCE. The following, Mr ealiptorti, w some few details of the perpirstiees sew la purses it Noire Deno for the baptiemef me pante Imp/dn. The whole of the churl* will be &gusted wi.h paintings to harmonise with the style of the building, sad all the wisdoms filled with selected Slane, se as to throw a soft Feu over the feistier. The key stone of the tasked roof and the capital, of the wham grill be gilded. Is the antra of the transept, sad ea sa 'etude apprehend by sin stop, will he glued ea the right sad left the legate, the archbishop, the cantinas, the palette, sad the ether diptheriee of the elan& Ia the matte will hi seats for the Impuer aid Empires, the Impels! Family, the ladies of bonier ta atteadamee, and the Edelman. The altar, which will be plow* et the onsesat of the their, will be severed with en:opr, sad es either side le the eboir will be meted tribsses for the ladies of the high public feaotionarits. Humus the altar sad the prie-ales of their Msjssties will be plated the bsptiemel fest. The wives fee t►e anneal will be pat la the mu of 8!. Louis (sow is the Yu& des Boversiat), sad which will be placed ea a table of white marble. The diplomatic body sad the senate will be paced is soul la the goetbers Usenet; Me airtime being eon pied by the legientive body and the mean' notate. Os the right snd•tsft of ihe save will be slate for the geblie. The orchestra will be glued, se ea the owasica of the warstap of their Misjudge, over the peed estrum seer the grated ergs'. °seine, Is heat of the esatral setreitee, will be raised a richly dgeirated porch, with nuts etheaseated with flip. Lod Cowley gave a diaper of fifty-two coven at Paris, is Saturday, is honour aft. birthday dike Qum of Ragland. Among the invited woes the assbassodor., Cann Orloff, the ministers, soarsbals, the Presidents ads* &use sad Leglalativ• Body, the onion of the Beam sad polies, Coolant Flabaielt, Coos% do le MO" Woo Besedetd, sad s somber of British naval sad sulitary Moen. His leading Coast Winooski. the Minister of Foreign Af Isom gave the and tout to the Qum of Eagles/, and his Buell/soy Lord Cowley followed by tour whims—the Zs woe. the &epee" the Bayern of Beaks. sad the Isparta Prises of Prises—on of oblok win rosoleod wit► mosioastian. Ws (Harald) aadantaad that Atha Hasphreys Piny, 184., of the Old Bailey, ki elves to take Me lave of the MUM Temple, Imolai bees mind to Me Aloft of silk pers. The old mad quiet senemeny of kee►tekly will be pefeessed tbie week is the *whet sad splendid hell of the MUM Temple, open whisk oneekee a hest will bo gime tote mambos, of As los by Um aowly-olootoi jam. gig Court. Hee Majesty and die Prises Casson left abeer, far Lied= k 2 *Wreak yertarday eftamora, morouipaairal by Um Priam of Wales, Prism rilhad, t►a Primes lima), Prises Arthur, Priam Leopold, t►a Prim:team Aliso, &las, sad Loess, sad Prism Femkriak William of Pillilia. The royal party envied i• the Fairy to Gosport, when the Queen impaled the 4th Light Dragoons and the 11th Light Dragon's, reasetly renamed iron the Crimea. alder the wasswisad of Colonel Doherty. la the Clans°, Vistas'• 114-7md. After the inspection, the Gun, tke Primes tbe Revd Family, and Prince Frederick William of Prussia gained Gosport by a special train, attended by the Decikessedi the Hoe. Bally Cathcart, Coined the Mon. 0. B. Phipps, Moja-General Boawrie, Captain Di Plat, Lieut.-Gemeral Duos Behteskustein, Car.tdo Halos, Baron Moltke, Lieu tenant Bares de Sabreekeneteln, mad Dr. Wegner. . _ Oa arrivieg at the Veazhali private @Mims of the &nth Western Railway, the Royal party entered eight of the Queen's carriages, and proceeded, snorted by a detach ment of the led Light Dragoons, to Ruckinghent Niece, when they arrived at 10 urinates pew 6 o'clock. Her Majesty and Priem Albert were received by the Duke of WeMopes, Marl Spenser, the Marquis of Bread album, the Marquis of Merano, Berl Somers, Vi.enat Torriogtoo, Sir Fred. Stevie, mad Col. Francis Seymour (Soots Familiar Cluarls). The Throbs* uf Heat kft Osborne at 10 o'clock pester day swain, attended by the Hos. Mary Seymour sad Lord Jsaws Murray, and retuned to Der residua, Cis resec-bosse, St. Jaws's The Queen aid Prince Albert, amousgaMed by Primo Prederkk William of Prussia, honoured the Olympic Theatre with their preaesee la►t evening. T►e royal suite consisted of the Duchess of Atboll, the Hoc. Emily Cath sem Berl Somme, Bane Moltke, Majm•General B MIMI* sad Captain Do Plat. Lieut.-Colonel Deverell, from Bt. Lucia, had as inter view with Mr. Secretary Ltbutiettu re yesterday. Mr. Lay ne*. OUphaat had else ea laterview with the right hoe. rationed at the Colonial-ofilee. A deputation from the guardians of the parish of St. Martin'aia•ths-Fields, consiatink, of Mr. Cobbett, the chair man, and Mr. Berton, had an interview wit► the Bight Hon. E. P. Bouverie yesterday et the Wee of the Poor Law Board, Whitehall. Deopatette were received at the Coloti il•elbos yesterday from the Governor of TIIII6IIIIII. Despatches were rest to the Governors of Gibraltar and Malta, tad M the Lord High Commiedomor of the lonian Islands. RETURN OF THE COURT FROM OSBORNE, AND INSPECTION OF CAVALRY FROM THE CRIMEA. PORTBIBOIIrIi, MAT 26. Her Majesty haring intimated her pleasure to follow the Nana she had previously adopted, by impacting the cavalry brought home in the troops►ip Assistance, the men were got ready this morning for the purpose. Her ' Idejetty had determined on making the inspection at the time she would enter the baritone en rout* to London. The draft of the 4th Light Druaosse, 166 men, was fist disem barked and mustered, and whilst this was being doae the depot of the 17th Loosen, 130 men and 32 home, headed by the bead of the regiment, arrived is the dockyard from Brighten, to take paws in the Amistence for Ireland, where the 17th me to be quartered, mad where a small draft of the regiment is already Wog. The draft of the 4th is tie premed to Brighton, to join its tread-quarten there. The draft of the 13th Dragoon proceed to Cork la the Assintanse ; Assails $O-11101TOW. It was Intended to mirth the an to Cluesre yard by ' tbs deeds( brides ; bet ibis plea was shored to wad ing then 'crow tie barbou in steam-tars —a mach batter one. Is Clusaowyard, the troops, 660 in amber, weft drawn up is the three sides of a Kure, two deep. The com wader-In-cbhf, 'Vies-Admiral Sir George Seymour, the Lieateaect•Gorernor, Mrjor Reser.' Braoa, Admiral lisperiatandent Merits, Captain-Superintendent S. C. Dames, Colonel Graben., Coniramidant of Royal Mariner, the fly and staff °Seers of the port and garrison, of Hula Hospital, &a, were present, as also a guard of honour from the Royal Marinee, end the band of that corps. At hall-pest 2, the first pas ansonnying her Msjesty's departure front Cowes were beard, and shortly after the pm et the fiset at Spithead. The (mime they fired, sad than the ships in liable,. All the fleet we to dressed is cielours, their crews manning yards and eh , 'ring. At a quart, r past 3 the Fairy mate up Moogside the Chimae ra.' Jetty, with the British royal standard klieg from her main, the Prussian standard from her fore, and the Unitise Jask from her mime. Her Majesty was reoeived by the officials we have mentioned, the gaud of honour presently g mem, Me. Her klaja•ty with Priers Albert, the Princess Royal with the Priem of Prussia, mid the other incubus of the royal family, followed by the lords and ladies is waiting, immediately walked up the front limbs( the troop', and sub esqueatly betimes the two lists, followed by the °Seers. Having dose to the royal party took a stood at the opea side of die wren of troops, and they dialed put in admi rable order, fire abreast. Her Majmoy paid marked saes tioa to Colonel Doherty of the 13th, and Colonel Irma of the 40, Manning with them wilt the most gneioes frieadship. At a little before 4 o'sloek the Queen and the loyal party took their places is the rep' ►pedal train in uniting, sad precooded via South Wntera Railway to London. This morning his Royal Highness the reigning Prince of Baden arrived at Buckiogham Palace, at 11 o'clock, on a visit to her hisji.sty. Yesterday morning the Ditches' of Beet arrived is Southampton Decks is beard t►e royal yacht Fairy, Captain, Cuepis, is ter way from Osborne Rome (where she hes been on 'visit to bar Mojetty the flans) to Londe.. Her Royal Higbee*. was attended by the Rom. Miss Seymour, lady is waltieg, sad Lord James Murray, equerry in waiting. The railway Derriere were brought eloogside the steps at whisk the royal party leaded, and *.sow as the Dateless of Hest and mite had entered prmeded on their way to town. Mum. Hedger and Levy, of t►m desks, and Mr. Waddell, seperintesdeat of the railway, were hat tmadenee es mail. The leading stem together with the short distance intervening between the dock wall sad the royal arriage, were covered wit► @mitt sloth. There was • large amber of persons present to whams the disem barkation. The Comities de Peraigni, owing to the ball to be given too kw Majesty at tee reiddeeee of tbe Terkiab Xs beefy, will wit be . at home" tido ...em/. The Duchess of Northumberland's party, at Nonhumanlead Hoes, which was to hero taken place to-sorrow, lo unavoidably postpaid. Lord Holland, who ham lately been suffering from wrote tadispeatioa, is sow oat of dorm, sad rapidly re. esssrlsg. Loveland Lady Edward Thymus liavit arrived in tows, for the moos. Lord and Lady Mancuter hare arrived at Thomas' Hotel, Berkeley-swum from Yorkshire. General Elsie and Lady Susan Reeve have ar• rived et their reslitaat, is Cavitedish-squara The Earl and Counties of Clarendon enteetained et Caner last sight, et the family asasioa ia Grammer assosatl hie Highases the Great Vizier of Turkey. Tt ere were h efted to wet his Lewes kis lisesitteey the Turkish Aratasseder sad Medwao Ilesaras, his ilaralleasy the Premise Weimer sod die Coaster Beraseert is Iseeliesey the Netleriseis Illisieter, ties Duke of New reale sad Lai Beata Beam Clinton, the Dodos' or flosaseept sad Lady Vries Bt. Maar, she Margo of dense, die Countess Dowses, of Motley, Vieseant Ceetle• row, sad Mr. Algsress West. Th. Doane, - of Montrone had an aseeinblT lad analog, at tb. issookos, Is Bolgraw4-oquare Pre vious to dio ossoubl7 tie Doke and Dooloroo eatortali4 at drum Ids Esoolloao7 w Aliboolodor of !ranee flop Dashes' of Isomers, the Minato sad IhrobioUro of 117, the /al aid Coustors Crave. sod Lodi Elisabeth Ctaros, duo Comatose !room Walitooravo lad Mr. 0, Rana set, M.P., Ifisoosal dry do Wilt" Lord NW Lod) , Mob', Lord Easton, Lord Botelteeeb, Lady Auguts Start God Mr. Start. Colossi the Hon. Joao Matideasld, sod lir. Augustus Lesley. The stasadussat cored by Mr. Headset at the Issousg of the outs= Club as Saturday last was selooded by Mr. lEsightley, sot, ea stated Is lb. H.W.O meat. by Su Duke .1 Sureltbsbeau L the House of Commas this male, Vhsesat Pshassass will scars —" That tits Hosts at In rising this , ley de stlieura Tridsp." THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, MAY 27, 1856. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. THE CZAR AT WARSAW. A letter from Warsaw, dated Friday bat, gives 1 the following acoonnt of the arrival of the Czar in that city. His Majesty the Emperor Slezesdee 11. arrived hers 1 yesterday at 11 o'clock at sight. Proes ea early ►oar the city had bees to a state of @solemnest, the largo proportion of foreigot re now etaylog here eestributiss sot a little to the inovesteot is the assets sad poblie places At nine o'cl:ck at night the sews of his IL•jesty's ap. pettish was brought by a courier, and at ones the Mani nodes et the city comasseed, proceeding with the ut most rapidity. The bridge. the Crecovia !inhaler& and the walk which leads to the Belvedere Pelee% at which his Majesty was to stop, were ens path of light. Wax candles ineenserable, Imam Chi nese lanterns, transparencies with the lapin.' cipher or allegorical dasigas burned at the fronts of all the bedding,. 17ndu there lights pressed an immense crowd, which passed to and fro between the barriers and the superb viaduct which suites the city to the banks of the Vitals and the Belvedere Paseo. Hams, and cries of " Ihvit l'Empamar ! " uttered by thousands of vole« saluted the sovereign when, after two hours of expectation, he appeared in a light travelling car rier, seempanied only by Ms side-de-camp, Count Adler berg, Minister oldie Imperial Roue. The brother of the latter, G I Adlerberg, else as aide.de•eanap of the Em peror, (allowed in mother swiss* with the royal pbysi man, M. Enoehlae. The Emperor, who evidently wee in the enjoyment of perfect health, hawed with emotion, and appeared exceedingly ple nil with his reception. On arriving at the palace, his Majesty was received by Brines Gortchakoff, surrounded by foreign limo's, civil and I I military notabilities of Palaod, and the highest dignitaries of the empire. In this brilliant staff we noticed Prince de Lichtenstein, aile-de-eamp to the Emperor of Anwria; General atones, Commander of the Prussian Guards; Gametal Grey, Alde-de-easip to Priam Albert; Primes Henri de Ligas, envoy Irma the King of the Belgians, Be. The Emperor, after the first presentations, received the Prime Lieutenant of the kingdom in special audience, and then retired into his apartments to obtain net after the extreme fatigue. of his long journey. At neon tc-lay his Majesty, ecoompaeied by a suempress cortege, visited the Greek catliedraL The Archbishop Anew, who returned yesterday from Inagored, where he performed the funeral rime at the burial of the Princess Pasaiewitcb. fleliVed the monarch at the doors of the church et the head of his clergy, and offered his bread sad asit, with the apostolie benediction. The Emperor was present at a short liturgy, and thee visited the citadel, and inspected some regiments of infantry. A despatch from Berlin, dated yesterday evening, says, "The Emperor of Russian expected here be- fore the end of the week. Count Nesselrode and Prince Woroczoff us expected to arrive at Stettin Ito-morrow." THE SEPARATE TREATY. The Gazette do Kelm publishes an article upon the treaty of the 16th of April. This treaty was oonoluded, it says, for the following reasons, vie., that at the confertras at Vienna, Russia refused to adept an express guarantee of the integrity of the Ottoman Empire, and at a later period, declared she did not desire to assume this g tee; Prussia also expected a wish to preserve its " liberty of action" in this matter. The treaty, says the Gazette is Rollie, does not include any secret clause; it leaves the federal relations between Aus tria and Prussia untouched, and prevents in no way the complete reestablishment of the relations of good fellowship with Ramis. AUSTRIA. THE ITALIAN QUESTION. A letter from Vises', in Voss's Gazette, says : "The Neapolitan ambassador, Prince Petrone, has had within lb. list few days several conferences with Count de Buol, and he was received on tha 20:11 at a private audience by the Emperor. It is affirmed that the Prince has remitted to Count de Buol a copy of the note of protest which the cabinet of Naples hu sent to Paris and London, and in which it re futes the accusations made by the Sardinian plenipo tentiary against the Neapolitan government. The episcopal conferences continue regularly, and the discussion on some delicate subjects has only just commenced. At the bead of them is that of the mar riage law, on which opinions are so at variance that it is improbable that it will be decided unanimously. It is probable that government, in order to avoid any possible disunion, will address itself direct to Rome and decide that question with the Holy See." The CUM: Gazette says :—" In a circular which has been addressed by Count de Buol to the repre sentatives of Austria abroad, the Italian question is particularly referred to. The general reasoning adopted is as follows:—It is true that the situation of Italy is not what could be wished for, but the great question is to know whether the causes of that state of things ought to be imputed to the govern ments, or whether it is not rather the consequence of those revolutionary tendencies which formerly showed themselves, and which still subsist, though unrested. This last hypothesis is the true one, and the charges brought forward by Count de Cavour against the Italian governments must cases thereon surprise as it cannot be seea whence Sardinia derives the right of making such accusations. If this right be founded on • policy more or less in conformity with that of the Italian revolutionary party, it can not bat be deeply regretted, in the interest of the tranquility of Burope." Merlins to a telegraphic: despatch is the Prom Belo, the governs:seats of France and Austria have come to an agreement to demand from the Pope the following reforms :-1. Au entire remodelling of the jadicial administration. 2. A system of internal recruiting, no as to form a national army. 3. The continuation and completion of the railways. In con sideration of these measures, and after they shall have been oanied into effect, the foreign occupation will mast. BERLIN, NAT 26 O.eer•l Willis.. has arrived here. The Baspaser of Russia has written aloner of nen sere to Genend °rabbet, commanding the militia of Banda, on account of his having allowed his divi sion to suffer for want of provisions. The King of Prussia has conferred the eras of the Black Eagle upon the French Brigadier General Collier. M. de Bruck, the Austrian Minister, left Venice on the 20th fvr nese. " A restaurant of a new End." says the Salsa Addis of Lyon, I. his just been establitnact in tt is city—it Is a mat venial* littod ipso s kites', and It gum at regu lar hours to manufactories is which a greet .umber of workmen ere employed te supply the nes with breakfasts sad dlaseve." Some years tuye semelieg et lb. hied seder the sum of Onsibu-nstterreta," was attempted I. Pals, bat did tot wont The Fertasaiste Vaudois stateathatM. Flom, who wessember of the provisiowel itovernsont, end Minister of In IMB, nos jest been ordered to !Slide at Zorteli. Ho bud preolouplr Hied et Lemmas*. A latter from Boaleguo-eur•llsr says that only the two camps of Wiessirout sod lilleteelt SW rowan leerviod eerier be ems«, awl thot is tiro south of Goober teat all the esteblitheeeb will be Webs up, sad the asteetale of the halo wed etherealises sold. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. PARIS, MONDAY EVENING._ Count Orloff had his audience of leave of the Emperor on Saturday, although the Moniteur has not yet announced the fact. He will leave Paris on Wednesday evening or Thursday morning to join his wife and son at Montpelier. I learn by reervt ad•ices from St. Petersburg, that General Edgar Ney was received by the Emperor Alexander politely, of course, but with a marked re serve and unmistakeable coldness. This news, which I have from a good source, is considered very im portant in the quarter in which it has been received. The Pays sails: We announced yesterday t►at Prussia hes decided upon the creation of a naval station on tho coast of America, with She view to protect Germane, who emigrate same the Aden tie every year. We loam tc-day by our private correspond• ease, that the Austrian government has adopted a similar resolution, and tout a squadron of three vessels is about to be armed at Trieste, to form the Austrian station on the American shores. This is the first time that the German p twin have sent out *raiment& of the kind, and this innovation is their policy deserves attention. There are indications that the French government, and (presumably) the English government also, in- tend to press the union of the Prisoipalities, which their plenipotentiaries advocated in the Congress, although the proposition was opposed by 'turkey and Austria. It will be remembered that in the sitting of the Congress of March 8, the Grand Visier said that " some few individuals, influenced by per sonal considerations, might have proposed to change the present state of things, but that the general opinion of the populations was certainly not in favour of any such innovation." The French government journals are instructed to construe the recent vote of the Moldavian div►n, congratulating Prince °hike on having demanded the union, as evidence that the Grand Vizier was mistaken. The Bonnie has been dull. The Rents fell 150. for cash, and 10c. for account, closing at 75fr. and 73fr. 15c. The rates demanded for carrying over were moderate, and from the fact it is augured that the settlement will pees off easily. The new com panies lately formed will have a great deal of capi tal at their disposal, and it is conjectured that much of this will be employed in reports. Bank of France roue 50fr. The approach of the June cou pon, which is expected to bo 120 or 125, renders the stock very scarce in the market. Credit Mobilier was well supported, and rose 10fr. Railways were generally heavy, but although little business was done, several lines realised an improvement of from to . 10fr. Northern nee 15fr. The authorities now exercise a very strict surveill►nce, to prevent the negotiation on the Bourse of unrecognised securities, of which there are a vast number afloat. It bu been rumoured that the bill for altering the law relating to companies en commandite is postponed till next session, but I 402 informed that although it encountered considerable opposition in the Council of State, it will certainly be brought forward. ITALY. THE SARDINIAN STATES. GENOA, MAY 21. I The projected popular demonstration against the Austrian consulate, at Agnewla, was fortunately pre vented by the police. The placards stuck up during the night, were torn down by the friends of order; and a detachment of carbineers stationed in the via -1 pity of the consulate deterred those who intended to ,insult the Austrian eagle. Our cJuntry appears at present to offer great attractions to the Russian nobility. It is un certain whether the stimulus is political, or merely' the pent-up love of Italian travel retrained during the war. The Countess Orloff has arrived at Genoa with her son CJunt Nicolas, whose wound, received before Silistrie, is still alarming, though he has spent one winter at Naples and another at Pin. Count Dolgorotiki, too, has arrive d : probably he is on his way to re.organies the Russian legation at Rome, which has been left in a state of abeyance for some years by its titular occupant, Count Xisseleff. Prince Karyatine, secretary to the embassy, has re ceived leave or absence for an indefinite period. I am assured there is no idea of a new concordat with Russia; that which was arranged between Cardinal Lambritschini and the Councillor of State Blondoff, in the beginning of the reign of Pio IX., is to remain in force. There appears little reason to doubt that some change is about to take place in the political condi tion ot Rome. Count Rayneval, the French ambas sador, has received instructions from the Emperor on various points which require to be examined before any decision is come to on the demands of Count Cavour. The ambassador's report is to be based on letatistica, the collection ot which was begun by Count Pdlegrino Rossi, when minister for Louis Philippe at Rome. It was to be despatched for Paris on the 15th inst, by an extraordinary courier. The urgency with whi h the information has been called for shows that the instructions to Count Harnett have been issued in consequence of the documents transmitted to Perla by Cardinal Antonelli. Among these docu ments were petitions from the provinces, callirg for the appointment of clerical magistrates, and lies ot the lay aid clerical officials in government employ. The Pope has inaugurated the repaired palace of the Quirioal by a dfje doer given to the Grand nuke of Tuscany and his family. It was the first I visit paid to the Quirinal since his flight in 1848. It is thought that, is the event of his adopting • semi-liberal policy, he will again take up his resi dence there. Pruners and printing-presses have in the meantime been installed in the palace—it is un certain whether with a view to the printing of liberal proclamations or religious encyclicals ; most pro feebly the latter, for the Pope has manifested a great interest in a recent election of a Superior of the Order of St. Francis d'Aesisi. No chapter of the order had been held sine. 1750; and the instigation to that which has just been held was the necessity which seems to have arisen fur taking some measures for the improved organisation of the missions in the Holy Land since the promulgation of the Hagii lirmayans. There were present 96 members of the ord.r—from America, India, Palestine, Spain, and ' Portugal. The choice of the chapter fell upon the guardian of the Holy Sepulchre, T. Bernardino de Montefranoo. The personal interest evinced in the election by the Pope arises out of negotiations in progress to put an end to misunderstandings which exist between the court of Rome sod the Franciscan order. In connexion with this subject I may me.: tion that the Archbishop of Munich has been Placed, by Pio IX., at the head of the College of the Propaganda- Toe Archbishop was confessor of the Princess Elizabeth, now Empress of Austria, and has recently been made a cardinal, through the interest of the Empress Francis Joseph. From Lombardy we learn that Field Marshal Radetzki is already drawing together the troops destined to occupy tie camp for msocetivres, which in general is not assembled before autumn. The Field Marshal is at Ebtrani. The disposition of the troops is such that 50,000 men may . be concentrated by railway on the Ticino . Austria is disquieted by I what is taking place in Piedmont ; and will be so to a still greater degree by the military festival in pre paration for the reception of General Marmora. Commerce is in a very unsound condition at Trieste; it is not easy to imagine why, seeing that all the other @esprit to of the Medit have profited by the concentration of business in this sea. At Marseilles and Genoa commerce is in high activity. We have here at present no less than forty associations urging en different industrial projects. M. de Stuck has arrived at Trieste, to examine into the Gauge of the commercial crisis there. The Emperor of the Freed% has iotimatod his fo liation of premetieg his pettreit esti that of the Empress to the Couto( Directors of the Bast India Compszy.—Sinifh, Blur, and Co.'s Overload Ilea RBCAPE OF FELICE ORSINI FROM AN AUSTRIAN DUNGEON. ins simple and unaffected account of his escape from the Create of St. Georgic, ' Mantua, which Felice Orsini give, in the following l etter, is full of the most varied interest. The courage, resources, and self. reliance of Orsini himself, are the first things that strike the reader. Next oomes the rancorous cruelty of the Austrian government as is shown by tte cha racter of the cells in which they immure their pri- Puler& But the most important truth revealed by the letter is the moral isolation of the Austrians in their Italian dominion& In descending from his prison window Orsini injured one of his feet so severely that he was lamed. thy dawned, and the streets became filled with passengers before he could emerge from the Castle ditch. 'there could be no doubt that he was a prisoner broke loose. Yet the casual passers-by did not hesitate to help him out of the ditch and allow him to go his way unchallenged. From Mantua till he gained the frontier was a jour ney of eight days. Strangers befriended and con cealed him—no one betrayed him. He was an enemy of the Austrian—that was sufficient recom mendation to hospitality and protection. The Aus trians, it is clear, are surrounded by a population who detest them. Among these en. miles are men like Orsini, who can work their way out of dungeons in which men of ordinary mould would have abandoned themselves to despair, and whose first use of their re gained liberty is to renew the internecine struggle with their hated tyrants. Against such adversaries no combination of police spice and military mercenaries can permanently prevail.] "Dear Friend,—l have already written to you that I am free; now I will give you the particulars of my escape, the details of which have b. en surrounded by party journalism with uncertainty and falsehood. I was arrested at Hermannetadt, in Transylvania, on the 17th December, 1854, submitted to • long examine tion,and conveyed heavily ch, iced in a cart to Vienna on the sth January. There I underwent three long examinations from the police authorities. They knew my real name, caused my portrait to be taken, and howled me over in charge to the criminal tribunaL I did not find that my late journeys in Lombardy told especially against me, but my whole antecedents since 1844 were known, and my constantly manifested hatred to Austria was of great injury to me. They knew everything concern:ng me. The Austrian polio' and her higher art -dr:tiett receive re ports from all the clear rows rents of Italy, as well as fr , ..m. !Ler cow• menders of the Dalian pros - sees tenmesing all the individuals in any way politi.m y twis;„e-Atc!eett They were, however, unable to *Ade rat ,egally, so they informed me that I should again be pot into the hands of the police, and confined in acme fortress, and that the duration duty treprieonmen• would depend upon the peaceful or stormy course of events in the political world, and upon the total inertia of the revolutionists. Such is the name by which they qualify all who either age mpt political reforms or seek the national independence. " Oa the 23:11 March I was sent in charge of two gendarmes and a superior police officer to Mantua, where I was again examined by Baron Sancho.. I then leaned that the documents relating to the poli tical mission I bad fulfilled in Milan in 1854 had fallen into the hands of the Austrian government when the Milanese committee was arrested, and that I was doomed to die on the scaffold. In Mantua I was examined at least twenty times. "On reaching Mantua, we stopped in the large courtyard of the Castle of St. Oeorgio. Oa each of the tour sides is a tower, and the castle is surrounded by • ditch seven or eight yards wide and six deep. On the side near the Bridge of St. Gtorgio is an arched way pealing under the street which leads from the bridge to the city. By means of this arcade, when the waters of the lake are high, the ditch round the castle is filled with water. The whole is strongly guarded on all sides by a large detachment of troops with artillery. "At the time of my escape, orders were given that all ingress and egress Rimed be forbidden between the hours of 8 p.m. and ii a.m. " When political trials are going on, the prisoners most jealously guarded by Austria are always sent to the Castle of St. Oeorgio, ancrietter the revolution of 1848 an express order was sent from Vienna that the fortress should he exclusively used for the deten tion of political prisoners. Thu secret cells are in the upper story, and in the lower story are kept the archives of the city of Mantua. All the cells except Noe. 12 and 7, have at the windows two rows of thick iron bare, about • yard apart (which will give you an idea of the thickoess ot the walls), and outside the outer row is a thick grating ot iron wire. The worst cells are Noe. 3 and 4. No. 4, the smaller of the two, is tha one from which I escaped. It is about six paces long, and rather more than three broad. The cells 2,3, and 4 open into a corridor guarded by eight soldiers, changed every 21 hours. There is a sentinel posted at the single door which leads to all the prisons, and the others watch the doors of the cells. At night all them, regn'atione are even more rigorously enforced. and there is a special sentinel for the cells 2,3, and 4, who hears the slightest noise, and reports it to the keepers, who sleep in a little room opening out of the corridor which leads to Nos. 2,3, sod 4. This room has two doors, and every night the door leading to the courtyard is abut, and the inner door is always closed, and has a sentinel posted on the inside. In the day-time there are three keepers charged with the surveillance and service of the prisoners. These are changed at eight o'clock every morning. One ot these Is responsible for the prisoners, takes them their food, and makes the daily and nightly visits, when he aloes enters the mile, another meanwhile guarding the door with a chain. This last has charge of the keys of the upper and outer door, which is, as I told yos s also guarded by a sentinel. Nu one can enter or leave the castle without his special knowledge and permission. Each of there various officers is hound to keep watch that the others do their duty, and has a separate responsibility in case of the escape of any prisoner. Besides all these, there is the capo meads, who has the surveillance over the whole; sleeps in the castle, governs and orders all, and has under him the corporal and all the men of the guard. In the night-time he keeps all the keys, and the keeper has to apply to him for them, in order to make his nightly visits to the cells. "The day visits are made at 6,8, 10,12, 2,4, and 8 o'clock; the night visits, at half.past 9 and half past 1. They then examine the state of the irons of the windows, the walls, &c. In the intervals of the regular visits the keeper comes in and out at all hours, so that the pcor prisoner ban never a moment of quiet. From these details you can see the impossibility of escaping even with the help of one guard—at least three would have to be in the stew, and even then false keys would be necessary, as the keys are all kept by the ospo custode ; and once out one would find oneself in the midst of Mantua, as tho castle has only one entrance, which kids into the city. There is, therefore, no ether mode of escape than the one I took, of letting myself down from a height of thirty yards into the ditch. But how did I contrive this escape? By patience, and the firm determination to attemptagain and enetnerery possible anytbin injury in ginorder to my powfreemeyr self to work to the detested Austrians. Animated by this hatred to Austria, I assumed a new character, and, after seven mouths of solitary and most ri,;orous cooficoment, during which I was never allow. d a light, or even a glass to take the median nect roomy for my fever, I contrived by my quiet and uncomplaining conduct to make the gust ds so satisfied with me that they ceased to take the trouble to examine the bore of my windows. 1 had obtained six little saws of the very finest steel, but how I had obtained them the Austrian govern ment will never know. It poor Colonel Calvi, who was confined in cell No. 2, and with whom I had kept up a correspondence of signs through the wall, bad not b.en so 403 D Oxecuted, he and I should have escaped together from the castle. I had once asked the capo custode, a German, if he thought the sen tence of death recorded against me would be put in execution. He answered he should be sorry to awaken illusive hopes—perhaps no, perhaps yes— and that was all. "About the end of January I wu put into cell No. 4, the worst in the castle, and I almost despaired of ever being able to mope from it; the window was more than two yards from the ground, and to work at it I was obliged to stand on the back of my chair. The rows of iron bars were a yard apart ; the °Quids r i