The Express. — London, England, 1851-05-06 00:00:00

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CATLLOOI.IIB D 4•144111101.1 be Kee is Ow ell to wimsasty animoid. 24. 44. 44414. 4.1.4411m05e1e IMO OMR lief 011 MIS lain 41 the did We maim ftleirlovidelne the =etailaiMbe su t= gain, 4411401 cLOWIS SOlMltl tim lue. MI& Cadmus os. ti, 144 w 11iii5e444444. vie •rp *eofc. TO CORRESPONDENTS. A Woad Mies " The Expeene." esatalnieg •be some event** 6.i t tte," te pabliebei elm Turley and Friday algid, In thee for pot. adm uariants teteaded lee Tbe Express," Leaden lambi pap" meet be at Ur Mee, 10, ilenveriaetreet, by Two Vele* ea the dep et publication. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tan Dei—Moraing. Afternoon. hit. Ms. T►Maaaw—Marda(. a►. 13a. LONDON, TUESDAY, MAY 6. MiNtirexa have j well and wisely in con senting to the renewar d or the income tax for one year only. 'the Premier's declaration last night in the House of Commons, of their acquiescence in the House's vote of Friday, was most honourable to himself, and worthy of all praise both for its spirit and manner. There was an unostentatious frankness and cordiality about it—that blending of conciliation with firmness which constitutes true dignity—that reminded one, more than any of the noble lord's recent public ap pearances, of what ho was, or what we used to bo liece he was, when fighting in a seemingly hopeless minority iu the days of Manchester massacres, Sid mouth spies, and Orange ascendancy bigotry, orb when leading the triumphant liberal phalanx in the' days of the lteform Bill. 'We felt, in listening to him, as if we had found our old Lord JOHN Russet'. again after leering that he was lost for ever . The terms on which the noble lord offered to accept the vote of Friday as conclusive, were exactly those which we yesterday ventured to conjecture. lie ex pres,ed his confidence in the honest determination of the majority of the house to uphold p u bli c cre di t ; and, relying upon this, declared his willingness to adhere to the repeal of the window tax and the alte ration in the coffic and timber duties ; and neverthe less to accept the renewal of the income tax for one year only, with a view to institute such inquiries into the possibility of so modifying the imposition and perception of the tax as to render its permanent adoption possible if the country were satisfied with the result ; upon condition that no alterations of it were insisted upon in the course of the present ses sion. This proposal was made in language and with a demeanour alike remote from unworthy timidity in yielding, or the expression of any soreness at the check that had been experienced. And in justice to the House of Commons be it added, it was met in a pro per and honourable spirit. Mr. I )Nils ELl—that was to be expected—showed that he could appreciate the taste and tact of the Premier; and even Colonel Surritotte, after a characteristic growl, yielded to the feeling of the moment with a better grace than could have been anticipated. It may appear uncuurtly and uncordial, but in sin cerity, while giving ministers the highest credit, l most sincerely and unreluctantly, for their conduct On this occasion, we must confess, that after so many unpleasant experiences of late we still feel certain misgivings as to their amended mood being permanent. We will watch cloudy the manner in which they proceed to carry into action the plan of conduct they have announctsl, in no captious or cavilling spirit, but still with some fears that the betterment may not be lusting. But if, in regard to the income-tax, they go on as they have begun, if the inquiry is fairly instituted and carried on, and if the most glaring and oppressive inequalities of the tax are eliminated, our tribute of praise will lose nothing in value fur not having been rashly given. We do not, on account of this satisfactory solution of one difficulty, expect that the remainder of the session is to be altogether smooth sailing. The un derstanding come to on the score of the income tax will doubtless accelerate its close: Ministers will bo inclined to wind up its business as speedily as possi ble ; and having completed their financial arrango nu fits, to avoid the possibility of mortifying defeats. The independent lilberals may be disposed to acqui esce in the postponement of some reforms that they have at heart, in order to avoid throwing impedi ments in the way of an important instalment of financial reform, and the consolidation of free-trade policy. The more rabid protectionists excepted, that party is noways disposed to precipitate aresr that would compel them to take office imm e diately. Still there are inevitable struggles the result of which cannot well be foreseen. There is a possibi lity of the Ecclesiastical Titles Bill being defeated in the Commons, a probability of its being defeated in the Lords. But even though it be rejected, it will be for reasons (or alleged reasons) that will indicate no disposition on the part of Great Britain to truckle to insidious or insolent attempts to extend the do minion of pricstcraft. The loss of the bill, if lost it he. is not likely to lead to any now ministerial crisis this session. The interest of practical politicians appears, there fore, about to be concentrated on pont-sessional mta, meat& A satisfactory solution of the knotty problem of the income-tax- , —is measure removing its . - most objectionable features and rendering it toler - able as a means for removing all undue shackles upon industrial entcrpriae,would be a new and lasting bond of union among liberals. And a satisfactory measure of electoral reform would rally and go far to restore entirely the liberal phalanx. Two such measures maturid against the opening of the next session, even if they failed, which is not likely, to command the assent of a majority in parliament, would go far to ensure an unequivocal triumph in the subsequent eloc tbnis. The leaden of the liberal party, in or oat of office, nlio can devise such measures for national accept ance, will deserve, and will earn, the lasting grati tude of the people. We have frankly and ungrudgingly given minis ten the credit that is duo to them on this occasion. lt would be unpardonable not to express how much the country owes to Mr. Hrwa and those liberals who stood by him on Friday, for this glimpse of a better future. To their moral courage, their wise boldness, we owe the prospect of an amelioration of the income tax, the opportunity of reuniting and restoring discipline to the liberal ranks. We would not at this moment hazard the utterance of one word that could occasion unpleasant feelings in any portion of the liberal party; but we do think that those liberals who shrunk from independent vipporting Mr. HUME'S motion must, on reflection, admit that he judged and acted fur the beat. It is true, as they alleged, that the maintenance of the lacome-tax is a mw qua wain the completion of free trade policy. Hut the only way to maintain the in turac-tax is to render it not unacceptable to the tax payers. Mr. HUME has insured us an opportunity of he‘ing an earliest and honest attempt made to fender a acceptable, and in doing this he has done a service ri the country, the importance of which cannot be pier -estimated. FM things would be more pleasant than a well founded assurance that we should never be called on .4 pay more than a certain amount, and that a :• 1 0(krate one, for poor-rates. To feel safe, no matter %hat the lack of work might chance to be, or the Light of price for food, that we should sot be Clitilod on for a more excessive contribution than a sum which in years of plenty was sufficient to sustain the rip( rriumorary hands and the caseally disabled, would be one of the greatest blessings of a politically Perfect state of things. To sit thus seoure amid the ills of life, and have no anxiety for the morrow, were th ! . 1.1 alisation of an almost fabulois conception of Fd prosperity—a social state cipriable by all the rciadue of mankind—e condition worthy of the Ends. Such is the Elysian field into which Mr. ORAXTLEY BERKELEY undertakes to lead the weary and heavy laden rate-payers of England and Wales. Like a true patriot he sees the burthen which weighs down the elastic spirit of his ram, and courageously sets 'about the work of their deliverance. Since the days of MOSES there has not been a worthier enterprise attempted or commenced, apparently with lees de- Mison the faith of others, or their capacity to trielmaelves. Nobody was thinking of the plan reeesamsuded by the hotasurable member. Nobody has ever evinced say "Fateful a pr iation of its eingebr merit since it wesavoaaoed for experiment. Mr. BMW= relies isaphirbly en the inherent vir tues if the scheme, lad bate solely to his own pewee a eipble end expand it. The jpegieet. like all greet and original ooncep thew is sin* in the extreme. He proposes that, kiss and after a given day, no rate levied for the re lief et the poor in any parish in the kingdom shall mesa one shilling and eispetwe in the pound. The present average is a good deal mom even during the resent cheap and plentiful seasons. But in many places it has reached occasionally double, treble, and even quadruple that amount. An end is to be put finally and summarily to all such irregulariti es o f local taxation. All is in future to be equal and easy. No man is to have an advantage over his neighbour in this respect ; but all is to be uniform, and such as the energetic and the indolent, the very well off and the rather ill off, can with equal facility bear. But inasmuch as human wants and social depres sions are not to be controlled by tho beneficent theories of statesmen, and as the local demand for aid is known to bear no sort of proportion to the suns which it may be the convenience of particular locali ties to devote thereto, it is tolerably manifest that considerable deficits must continually arise under the working of any uniform system like that to which we have referred. How are these deficits to be made up? Out of whose pocket are they to come ? " What's to be done,—or, rather, who to be done ?" Somebody must, that's evident. One great and never-failing resource remains; need we name it?— the Consolidated Fund. From that Californian mine all the exigencies of splendid nostrums are habitually supplied; and like the land of diggings, its borders seem to widen the more there is taken out of it year by year. What is to happen when it is at length exhausted, nobody ever inquires. For the present, no appreciable clif krone° is felt ; and the perils of the future are un heeded in the pleasures of the present hour. The prosaic fact that the multitudinous sources whence this same consolidated fund is drawn are simply the leaking purses of the mystified community who were professedly about to be relieved—that, of course, is kept out of view, with whatever ingenuity is available fur the purpose. But of the fact there can unfortunately be no doubt; the only doubt is, whether people bear it in recollection as constantly and vividly as it behoves them it should be. A maximum rate was proposed as a desperate remedy for a desperate state of things in Ireland three years ago. But the utter dissimilarity of the circumstances may be gathered from the single fea ture of disparity—that instead of a toceNA being named as the sum beyond which local rating should not go, a third was fixed as the limit which in no case was to be exceeded. Yet even with so high a maximum as seven shillings . in the pound, parliament, after protracted discussion, absolutely declined to afford its sanction to so dangerous a principle. To meet a temporary pressure, and to avert wide-spread famine, parliament consented in deed to the levying a rate-in-aid for the space of two years ; but we believe that no emergency less awful than tat which arose at that calamitous period could induce any minister to repeat the experiment in question; and even that was limited narrowly both as to duration and amount. Will anyone suggest thatover and abovcthc le. Gd. maximum no provision for the maintenance of the poor in this country should bo made ? We hardly imagine that among the rashest and wildest of the reactionists there is to be found a man who would hazard such a proposition. It is perilous enough to see property insisting upon sharing its burthens with the frail and fugitive income derived from professional labour, and, at the same time, devising schemes for once more enhancingfor its own aggrandisement the price of the people's food—it would complete the fatal circle of its infatuation, if, after thus discourag ing enterprise and impoverishing labour, real pro perty were to attempt the evasion of tho sacred liability to contribute whatever may be requisite to the sustenance of the unemployed poor. How long its own existence in security would survive. the perpetration of so suicidal an act, we need not ask. Some surprise has been expressed that, contrary to what was originally intended, an address from the re presentatives of foreign nations to the Queen did not form part of the ceremonial at the opening of the Ex hibition. The withdrawal of that part of the programme is understood to have been caused by the want of precedent at this court for the reception of the foreign diplomacy as a corps or in a corporate capacity, as is the case in France and BONN other continental states. FRANCE. PARIS, MONDAY EVENING. The 4th of May has passed in complete tran quillity. Notwithstanding the torrents of rain that continued falling all evening, immense crowds cir culated in the Place de la Concorde and the Champs Elysces; but the great point of attraction was the cascade from the bridge, which caused the quay and terrace of the Tuileries to. be densely occupied with embroiled spectators. To-day was distributed to the Assembly the bill for the ratification of the treaties concluded with the Argentine confederation and the republic of Uruguay. In the ingenious preamble by M. Baroche, the new Minister of Foreign Affairs turns to account his dex terity as an advocate, and exhibits the advantages gained by the new treaties in the moat plausible light. He said that the Assembly having, by the adoption of M. do Hance's motived order of the day, renounced its previous intention to abandon the whole question, or declare war, and left the executive power free to pursue its own emirs°, negotiations had been renewed, and the inacceptablo conditions of the previous treaties had been successfully removed. To the state of Montevideo had been secured a more explicit recognition of its independence by its two adversaries ; the liberty of its elections; the sub mission of Oribc to the national ballot; the evacua tion of its territory and re-establishment of good rela tions of neighbourhood with the Argentine Republic; the free enjoyment in common of the navigation of the Uraguay ; lastly, a complete amnesty for the past, an amnesty which is to be extended to ulterior eventualities, that is to the conflicts which may result from the non-acceptation of the treats- of the Oriental government. Negotiation has now been completely exhausted, and the Assembly may rest satisfied that if the treaties be rejected, only war or total abandonment of the cause remain. The latter alter native would be unworthy of a great nation ; while the former would involve, on the one hand, great outlay at a moment of financial depression, and, on , Ithe other, hostilities without result, a momentary and sterile vengeance, of which 20,000 Frenchmen, settled at Buenos Ayres, would bo the first victims; or a temporary occupation, a system condemned by experience; or, finally, a war of conquest full of hazard, and in which even success would only pro long a state of things which ought immediately to be put an end to. The present state of things imposed on the treasury an annual sacnice of seven millions of francs ; it necessitated the employment of a large maritimeforce,and stopped the development of French commerce in countries which offered, in time of peace, vast markets. Three essential points had been secured by the present treaties .-4&stly, the dependance of the Oriental Republii ; secondly, the safeguard of French com mercial interests; and, thirdly. the legitimate Beds it:action of national susceptibilities. The points ob jected to in the old treaties were :--1. That by Art. 3 the disarmament of the foreign legion would be totally accomplished before the evacuation of the Oriental territory by the Argentine troops. 2. That the vague expression of Art. 7, which reserved to the Argentine Government . the right of war, would leave an opening for clams for indemnity which would carit. new conflicts. 3. That the Spanish text of Article 11, styled Oribe President ' of Uruguay, and derignatSth e government of Monte Video merely as an booty de Ado. 4. That by the secret article turn zed to the treaty of 1849, France engaged to abandon =elusively to lOribe the management of the elections of the repre sentatives, who would proceed to elect the president of the Oriental government. In the present treaties the went article has been suppressed ; the new elections will take place according to the forme pre meribed by the constitution, freely and without con straint; Oribe declares expressly that he accepts beforehand the result. An additional clause in Art. 7 determined, in a manner perfectly equitable, the mode of election to be followed in the two parts of the Oriental territory occupiedat this moment respectively hy General Oribe and the Montevidean government. Ile French government declares, in the new Art. 11, that it recognises as the government of Montevideo only the authority which commands in that city ; and in the person of Don Manuel Oribe only hinter of brigadier-general. In the new treaty it is expressly declared that the right of war stipulated in lirt.7 cannot give rise to ulterior claims to indemnity for accomplished facts. Art. 3of the new treaty, reproducing in substance the principle already laid down in the basis of Hood's treaty in 1847, substitutes for the previous disarma ment the simultaneity of the disarmament and evacuation, and thus gives an entire guarantee, for the security of the Oriental inhabitants and for the free election of the President of their Republic. As to the second point, the safeguard namely of French commercial interests, all that France could do relatively to internal navigation, notbeing able to impose upon American governments the principles I I of the treaty of Vienna, was to secure to the Oriental State the tree enjoyment in common of the river Uruguay. The objections to the commercial parts of the old treaties turned upon Art. 5 of the treaty with Oribe, which stipulated that the claims of French residents at Monte 'Video should be examined ac cording to the faith of treaties then (July 13, 1846) existing, and seemed to confine this guarantee to claims founded on old facts, whereas it was st that it should be extended to new facts, whic h might arise after the pacification. Again, the vague terms of Art. 5 of the treaty with Roses, which obliged France and the Argentine Republic to restore to their respective proprietors all the merchant vessels, with their cargoes, taken during the blockade, might have given an opening for exaggerated claims on the part of the proprietors of those vessels and cargoes which had been sold. Now on both these points satisfac tion had been obtained. Tho expression " faith of existing treaties" had been cancelled in the first treaty; and in the last the French government was by an additional clause r = ti held to give to legi timate proprietors the p of the sale of vessels and cargoes. As to the third point, of legitimate satisfaction of national susceptibilities, the amnesty without restriction, proclaimed by Art. 5 of the treaty with Oribc, would, in case the government of Monte Video refused to adhere to the treaty, and occasioned the renewal of hostilities, be extended to "new facts to the term of the eventualities of the war." Such is the account given by M. Baroche of the new treaties. To-day, thanks to the accord brought about by the Duke de Broglie between the Bac de Rivoli and the Rue des Pyrarnides, the fifth ballot for the elec tion of a councillor of state was final. M. Caussin Perceval, formerly procurcur of the court at Amiens, was chosen by 278 votes out of 531, and, therefore, proclaimed duly elected. M. Come, the tiers-parti candidate, obtained 228, and M. l)urcy 22. To-day M. Berard presented to the Assembly . a petition of citizens of the Lot-et-Garonne, praying for revision of the constitution and the prolongation of the powers of the President of the Republic. M. Pascal Duprat maintained that the petition was un constitutional, and moved the previous question. The president, General Itedeau, said that ho had remarked nothing unconstitutional in the title of the petition, the substance of which was unknown to him. If it were unconstitutional, the committee on petitions • would dispose of it. lime the incident dropped. M. Larochejacquelin complained that no report had been yet m ad e upon his motion for the revision of the electoral law of May, presented on the Kith January last. Ile heard that the committee of initi ative was still waiting for information promised by the Minister of the Interior. lie desired that it should be fully established that, at the moment when petitions for the revision of the constitution were flocking in, the indispensable condition of this revision was the revision of the law of May 31, (Diverse movements.) M. Leon Faucher answered that be was waiting for the reports of the mayors, whom he could urge but not constrain. He would call on them afresh to send in their reports, and as soon as he got these he would make his own report to the Assembly, For the rest, he was quite ready to accept the dis cussion of the law of May. Here the incident dropped. The Assembly then adopted a bill opening a credit of 33,000 f. for the temporary building for the exhibi tion of pictures and statues at the Palais Royal. The ministry has received an important check, at tho close of tho sitting, by the adoption of the amendment of Mr. Sautavra, proposing a reduction of 9,000 fr. in the credit demanded for decorations. The prodigal distributions of the legion d'honneur were blamed. It is confidently reported that General Aupick will go as ambassador to Madrid, while M. de Walewski is transferred to the diplomatic post to which the general was appointed in England. SPAIN. MADRID, APRIL 29. The Concordat, which has coat the Spanish Mi nistry so much anxious negotiation, has been ratified. The minister will not, however, publish it till after the elections, for fear public indignation might be raised. The persecu tion of the public journals, • persecution which so short a time ago fell exclusively on the progressista journals, now weighs heavily upon the organs of the Names party, the Ileraldo and the A'pora being almost daily seised. The elections absorb the attention of thepublic ; the letters from the provinces arc almost exclusively tilled with details con cerning them. A Carlist band, composed of seven ex alters of Cabrera's troops, was surprised in the village of Vilaura in Catalonia, on the 24th instant. As a body of horse patrol was conducting them to °crone, they made an attempt to escape, and their guards, to avoid the trouble of securing them, killed the whole seven after a desperate resistance. Montemayor, the phrician, who is furnished with the needful by the banker Salamanca and others, is constructing an immense balloon in the village of Valverde, and has begun a course of lectures at the Atoned on the principle which he contends he has discovered. So numerous was the audience that it was necessary to *end for the police to prevent disorders. A letter from Jaen mentions tkat two rich merchants who had imprudently let themselves be seen counting their money in a road-side inn were attacked by highwaymen and murdered, and that a boy who was with them, and who carried their money, was thrown by the murderers into a heated oven, but the latter having escaped, met a body of civil guards who succeeded in securing the highwaymen and conducting them to Grenada, where a military commission has sentenced them to death. The assassins are said to be of the gipsy race. CONSTANTINOPLE, APRIL 15. It is with a feeling of shame and dissatisfaction that I write this letter—the English policy has been defeated again by M. Titoff. The 9uestion of the liberation of Kossuth was transacted in a conference of die Grand Vizier, Sir Stratford Canning, and General Aupick, and they advised the Sultan unani mously to met the Hungarian refugees at liberty, u the last term of their detention has elapsed on the anniversary of their arrival at Kutaya. But the ambassadors of Russia and Austria entered a pro testation against this decision, pleading a supposed secret understanding between Kossuth, the German revolutionists, and the Italian patriots. A visit of the Prince Frederick of Schleswig-Holstein paid to Kossuth and the presence of M. Bevis, an Italian liberal, at Kutaya, are the facts to which the am bassadors allude in order to give weight to their in sinuations. Now, the Prince of Schleswig-Holstein is an accomplished and amiable man, who has no connexion with the German democrats, but he is the man whose birthright to the duchies' was put aside by the famous convention of July last, when the representatives of Russia and England declared in London that the integrity of the Danish realm prevails against all the treaties, and had virtually deprived the prince, who has no rights to the Danish crown, of his eventual just claims to the duchies. The Sultan, yielding to the views of M. Titoff, rejected the propositions of Sir Stratford, and Kossuth remains therefore in prison fora couple of months more, as they say ; but it is now just a year that all the diplematista held the same langGage, that the detention of Kossuth was to last a couple of months—not longer ; and this means in the diplomatic language till May, 1832, if poison will not despatch him earlier, because Austria Bars too much his presence in Europe at the moment when the crisis in France will probably arrive. Though the Turkish government will assign another and a healthier fortress than Batty* to the detained patriots, and though she treats them with every respect, yet everybody knows it here that English influence is checked entirely by Russia, and that therefore the Russians will always And some pretext for the extension of the time of Bismuth's imprison ment. Had Sir Stratford in time protested against the principle of detention, all this could not have happened ; but when in Octobcr,lB49, he expressed his approbation of this principle, he solemnly reminded the Sultan of his duty of good neighbourhood to Austria, which demands that the refugees should be shut oat from the intercourse of the civilised world, though there is no treaty in existence which enforces such obligation, and ho recommended only that Kossuth should be treated according to his position. At this time Sir Stratford was backed by the En glish squadron of Sir William Parker, and yet he did not protest against the detention ;he approved only the resolution taken previously by the Sultan, before he was sure of the support of England, not to deliver up the Hungarians--Sir Stratford did no thing more for them. The Turks are aware of this dealing, and when 1 explained yesterday to a high functionary here, that it is a shame for the Porte to be the gaoler to Austria, the Turk replied, " And what have you English done for the Hungarians ? You have made great speeches in parliament and in meetings, to the great gratification and amusement of the orators and of the assembled crowd—but we did not see the result of these speeches—we heard the clapping of the mill, but no corn was ground in the mill ; we saw no flour coming out ; your pretended sympathy for Hungary is a sham. The Sultan did more ; he gave not way to the threats of Russia, and, at the risk of a war, he did not comply with the peremptory demand for the extradition of Kossuth, I though he was not mire of the English support ; in deed, ,your fleet did good for the Jew Pacifico, not for the Hungarians. The Sultan acted but upon the advice of your Reis Effendi, Lord Palmerston, and your ambassador, in sending Kossuth to Kutaya; he treated him liberally, whilst your government never sent a piastre for the Hungarian refugees who fled to England, and all the su bs criptions of your great men for those unhappy fellows did not amount to the sum granted by the Sultan to Kossuth alone. You became parties to the transactions which finished with the detention of Kossuth ; you see the Hunga rians starve in England, whilst we treat them libe rally ; and now you reproach us for having acted according to your advice and having done more than you did. The Franks are really a strange people : they make a great noise, and then they pretend they I have done a great deal, and think that they are en-, titled to make reproaches to those who did more but spoke less." I must confess I blushed a little, for I saw that after all my Turk was not wrong. More gratifying than the unhappy result of Sir Stratford's last representations is the fact that those of the Hungarians who turned Mussulmcn and who were till lately detained in Alep, will now be em ployed in active service. Kurshid, too (Guyon), who remained Christian, receives the Nishan of Ferik Pasha (General of Division); ho will probably be sent to the Arabian army, where he might, perhaps, soon get the op ...rtunity of distinguishing himself anew, for tho .crences with Egypt are not yet settled. Tho Sultan enforces the Tansimat, or as l you call it, the Hattishcrif of Gulhane ; he insists' upon it that the time of military service should be fixed in Egypt as well as in Turkey, that acrvage should be abolished, and that the taxes should be levied in a more proper and less oppressive way than before. If Abbas Pasha does not comply with this peremptory demand, the armies of Syria and Arabia will enforce the will of the Sultan, and Abbas Pasha is likely to be replaced by Said Pasha, the youngest son of the late Mehemet Ali. As to the Bosnian in surrection, it seems that it is entirely suppressed ; the Sultan gave the order that the chiefs of the rebellion should be punished, not by the halter or by powder and lead, as the Hungarian generals were, but by a temporary exile in Tripolis, where the Porte grants to them an allowance, according to their for mer rank. It is a great example of humanity which the Sultan gives to the west, but the civilised world is not accustomed to accept lessons from those whom they call barbarians. lleports from Servia say, that Ali Fedich, one of the Bosnian leaders, was amply provided with money, and that he had received it from Croatia. THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, MAY 6, 1851. t vie court. It is understood that the Queen intends to give a third State Ball in the month of June neat; and that, for the encouragement of trade, her Majesty has resolved that it shall be a Fancy Ball. The costume will be the full dress of the court of King Charles 11., from the Restora tion, in 1660, to 1685. The choice of dress will not be limited to this country, but will include the court costumes, of that period, of other European countries. The Prince and Princess of Prussia, attended by tshe Countess A. de harks and Count Oohs, went to the new palace of Westminster yesterday morning, and inspected the houses of parliament. The Prince and Princess of Prussia and Prince Frederick William, accompanied by Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar, went to Kew yesterday afternoon in an open carriage and four, and visited Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cam bridge. Prince Albert, attended by Lieut.-Colonel F. IT. Sey mour, rode out on horseback yesterday morning. The Royal Family took their accustomed exercise yesterday in the garden of Buckingham Palace. The Queen had a dinner party yesterday evening at Buckingham Palace, the company included Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, the Prince and Princess of Prussia, Prince Frederick William of Prussia, the Duchess of Sutherland, and Lady C. Levcson Gower, the Duke of Wellington, the Duke and Duchess of ArgyU, His Excel lency the Chevalier Bunsen, His Excellency Monsieur Mussurus, Lady Fanny Howard, the Baroness de Speth, the Countess A. de Hake, the Countess Louise Oriolla, the Marquis and Marchioness of Abercorn, the Earl and Countess Granville, Count Putties, Major von Bayeu, Count Dolts, Colonel Fischer, and Lieutenant von Heins. A deputation from Yarmouth, headed by Mr. J. Hume, M.P., and consisting of the Mayor of Great Yarmouth, fhe Deputy Mayor, Mr. G. D. Palmer, Mr. William N. Bur roughs, Mr. Joseph Davey, and Mr. J. Hargrave Harrison had an interview with Lord Seymour yesterday, at the office of her Majt.sty's Commissioner of Woods and Forests. A deputation on the subject of the Orkney Ports, con sisting of the Earl of Zetland, Mr. G. 'Train, Mr. J. Dundas, and Mr. J. Loch, had an interview yesterday with the Chancellor of the Exchequer, at his official residence in Downing -street. Mr. Hughes, of Manchester, and Mr. R. H. Wyatt, had an interview yesterday with Earl Granville, at the Board of Trade, on the subject of the Patent Laws. Mr. John Wood, Chairman of the Board of Inland Revenue, had an interview yesterday with the Chancellor of the Exchequer. Sir Alexander Spearman had also an interview with the right hon. baronet. Despatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-office from the Governor of South Australia, and also from the Governor of St. Helena. Despatches were also received from the Governor of the Canada. and the Governors of the other North American Colonies. The Queen held a privy council yesterday after noon, at 3 o'clock, at Buckingham Palace. It was attended by the Prince Albert, the Lord President, the Lord Chancellor, the Lord Privy Seal, the Secre taries of State for the Home, Foreign, and Colonial Departments, the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lan caster, the Postmaster-General, the Lord Steward, the Lord Chamberlain, the Muter of the Horse, and the Groom of the Stole to Prince Albert. The Right Hon. Andrew Rutherford was by command of the Queen sworn of her Majesty's most Honourable Privy Council, and took his scat at the board. A proclamation was ordered to be issued relative to the apprehension of wiles connected with the St. Albans election. The Hon. W. Bathurst was Clerk of the Council in Waiting. Before the Privy Council the Queen gave audiences to Sir George Grey and the Marquis of Lansdowne. After the Council, her Majesty gave audiences to the Marquis of Breadal bane and Earl Grey. The Queen was attended by the Treasurer of the Household, the Vice-Chamber lain, the Marquis of Londonderry, Gold Stick in Waiting, Lord Waterperk, Lord in Waiting, and Colonel Berkeley Drummond, Groom in Waiting. REPRESENTATION OF THE ISLE or WIGHT.—Mr. C. C. Clifford has intimated his intention of not contesting the election. In his dead, however, a very eligible candi date has offered himself in the person of Edward Dawes, Bie., of St. Helen's and Nitro, in the island, who is a prac tical agriculturist se well ea lauded proprietor, and who has pledged himself to go to die poll as a free trader and liberal He will be largely sapgcot dby the tenant farmers of the island. CoNsrirrios or ARDENT SPlalra.—Yestarday a return to parliament was printed, from erhich it appeared that in the year ending the 6th January last, the duty was paid on 23,862,68.5 gallons of proof spirits for home con sumption in the 1:149ad Kingdom. The duty paid was 5,948,4671. 19.. FATAL ACCIDENT ON THE CHESHIRE JUNCTION RAILWAY. The adjourned inquest in this ease was held yes terday (Monday). George Bradshaw, dagger, Bolton, said he was a passen ger by the train from Chester at • quarter past seven on Wednesday evening last. When they left Frodsham-station the train began to go gradually slower to the tunnel, and he observed two men throwing sand on the rails. ft did not rain when they left Chester, but it began when they got on the way. When they got half a mile into the tunnel the train stopped, and he felt a shock from something as he thought behind. Nearly 10 minutes after there came • terrible shock. He had his collar bone dislocated, and three ribs broken. Ile got out of the wag gon soon afterwards, but returned again to it, in conse quence of the engine -driver saying it was not safe to walk along the tunnel. A man got between some of the car rives, and he heard him unhook the coup:ing chain. That part of the train in which he was then went forward to Moore station. Did not see if there was a light behind at Chester. At Moore he observed a man who was the engine stoker attach a red light behind the (shortened) train. At Moore, • gentleman who was • passenger got hold of the engineer by the collar, and asked him his name. The man gave a name, but he did not recollect it. The engineer told the gentleman he would go to Warrington for water, and then return for the train. He was away some time and then returned, saying he had orders to go to the tunnel, where he went. After a time he returned with the engine crowded with passengers covered with dirt and injured, and then he took us forward to War rington. By Mr. Bennett, solicitor—They were three quarters of an hour in the tunnel, and had been there he thought half an hour when the second shock came. By Mr. Browne, solicitor for the General Railway Com mittee of Management at Chester—There might have been a light behind the train before they got to Moore. By Capt. Laffan, royal engineer —Was on the right side of the train as they entered the tunnel, and saw no railway servant at the tunnel mouth. lie saw no man with a light peas them in the tunnel till after the great crash. The coroner here asked if the directors would supply the jury with • copy of the bill advertising the starting of trams from Chester on the day mentioned. Mr. Bancroft, chairman, produced a copy . John Speakman, hop merchant, Warrington, left Chester by the last of the three trains that entered the tunnel, and came in collision. They left Chester at half-past seven, and went at about 20 miles an hour. At Frodsham there was a thunderstorrn,with hail. They stopped two minutes, and then went on at the same pace as before. Ile saw no railway ser vant at the entrance to the tunnel. They came in collision with a train before when about half a mile up the tunnel, and he was much shaken. Ile got out, went round the back of the carriage, which was the last in the train, and ran up the side of the tunnel to see what was the matter. There was no light behind the train he was in, nor side lights. lie learnt there had been a collision on getting to the front, and stopped to see the injured got out. He saw five persons got out who had been killed, and about fifteen who were seriously injured. The foreman of the jury elicited from the witness that there had been great irregularity in the starting of trains in the morning. By Captain Laffan—Had been at Chester station half an hour when he left, and saw no guard, van, or break van. He saw a train leave 20 minutes before that but saw no guard van or break to either of the trains. By Mr. Bennett—After the collision in the tunnel he heard a fourth train come up to the entrance, where it stopped, having been signalled. It' there had been a tail light, therefore, to his train it could not have been knocked off. Henry Jones, station master at Frodsham, examined— On Wednesday he was on duty, but could not nay how many trains passed to Chester. he first train reached at a quar ter to 11, and another a few moments after. The first train was a heavy one, and a second engine was attached. The second train was in sight before they went away. A train could be seen from the tunnel mouth at Frodsham, or about one and a half miles. The ordinary staff to our trains is an en gineer, fireman, and guard. There was a guard to the first train, at a quarter to 11, and there were extra servants that day that he had not seen before. There was an engineer, fire man, and guard to the second train, which was a heavy one. There were additional trains that day for the rarer, of which he had received notice, and the notice said what time they would arrive at Chester, but not the times they would come from Chester, except as stated in the printed bill produced—. that trains would return after the races, commencing at 5.30 p.m., and continue running, so soon as filled, up to 9 p.m. Another train came towards Chester in the morning, about 12 o'clock, but he was not certain of the times during the day as he had no clock in that office. It remained at an old office. In about 10 minutes or a quarter of an hour after that a fourth train came up, and passed without stopping. He could not say h: _w many other trains passed before the regular train at 1.30, as he did not make any note of trains passing at such time unless they had business with them. lie believed four other trains passed up after 12 o'clock to half-past six in the even ing. The first return train from Cheater races reached Frodsham at about 6.25. He looked at his watch at the time, because the train was not due till 31 minutes past six that is to say, the ordinary train was not. He ascertained that it was the ordinary train and a race train also. It remained two minutes. There was engineer, fireman, and guard to the train. There was no light be hind the train. None of the trains ordinarily have lights, except those that are to travel in the dark. There was no light on account of the tunnel. The second train came up about ten minutes or more after, and went on without stopping. It is not usual to stop trains in case of another being before it, unless they come within five minutes after, or unless they know something has impeded the former. The next train did not come up till after seven, but could not say how much after ; and fifty or sixty passengers got out. !here was a guard, but did not recollect his name or on what train he was ridiug. Could not say if there was • guard's break. Near 10 minutes after another train came up from Chester, and stopped at Frodsham. This was the second train in the collision. It remained at the station two minutes, he having put the caution signal up because the other train before it was not out of sight. The train left before the other was out of sight, but the first of the two sans a mile and a half in advance. There was • guard, but did not recollect his name. Would ewear no truih passed that stopped at lain station that night without a guard. Could not say if there was • guard-break. It had a tail light. The next train came up in 20 minutes or half an hour. He was nut sure if this had a tail light or a guard's break. In 20 minutes or half an hour more another train came up and afterwards returned. That might be at half-past eight o'clock. Not many minutes after this left the station, he heard a collision had taken place in the tunnel, and this train came back to the Frodsham station in consequence. He was net aware there was any signal post or servant of the company on duty at the entrance of the tunnel, to give notice that a train had entered, or was in the tunnel. He did not notice any difference in the speed of any train ex cept the third (the first of the three that came in collision), and that went away slowly, in consequence of the rails being wet. By the Jury—lt formed part of his duty to require a red light to be fixed behind a train at night, if without one. Saw no necessity for tail-lights for going through the tunnel in the day. An engineer could sae through the tunnel if there was not another train before him. There were side lights to the fourth, fifth, and sixth trains. The inquest was proceeding when our report left. CHURCH OF SCOTLAND MISSIONS. Last evening the members and friends of this institution hold their anniversary at Dieter-hall? the Duke of ARGYLL in the chair. Mr. MACBSTII, the secretary, read the report of the committee, which stated that the sums placed during the past year at the disposal of the committee for the home missions—that is, amid the Ilighlinds and islands and des titute localities of Scotland—amounted to about 12,6711. The amount collected for foreign mission., which included the colonial and India missions, was about 11,6671., and for the Jewish missions, 3,2321.—ma1ft in all about 27,4701. In addition to these amounts, a sum had been collected to form a permanent provision for a number of those churches which the Home Mission had reared, and this sum amounted during the past year to 25,0001. It appeared, moreover, that a sum of 20,0001. was raised annually by members of the Church of Scotland, which was not men tioned in the ordinary lists of the missionary contributions In the three great branches of the missions 214 schools were supported by the Assembly, including 'two normal schools for the training of teachers it. Edinburgh and Glas gow. The number of children attending these schools was between 16,000 and 17,000, all of whom were beyond the reach of the parochial schools ; 209 male and female teachers had been receiving during the year professional training. DT the aid of the schools many dis tricts had been supplied with the means of education, so that in some places one-seventh, and in others one-sixth of the population were receiving itistruttion. 124 places of worship were deriving assistance from the home operations for aiding churches in poor districts, and many of these churches were becoming gradually self-supporting. In the foreign department the operations of the uussions were very extensive, and applications were continually being received from the British North American provinces, from Jamaica, Grenada, Mauritius, Australia, New Zzaland, and India, for more labourers. Four additional missionaries had been sent out during the past year, and applications had been made for ten times that number. About 27,000 youths wise receiving education in the schools of the association at Banta , Madras, and Calcutta, and these youths were in atraeted 26 native teachers under the superintendeneC of • head English master and two ordained missionaries. The Rev. Mr. Smarr, of Moffat, moved the adoption of the report, and the Rev. Dr. ersuarrr• seconded the resolution. Several other clergymen addeessed the meeting, and the report having been adopted, resolutions were passed in se comsat.e with the principles advocated, and the meeting separated. Bra J. E. TENN - EXT.—Sir James Emerson Tennent has formally resigned the governorship of St. Helena. Various considerations have, we believe, weighed with him in taking this step, in which domestic concerns had origi nally the largest sham, determiding him to reside hence fbrth in the scenes of his earlier Caere,, and among the friends for the loss of whose eociety the honours and emolu ments of the colonial service but ill requited hint.—Beljost NomoLetter. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. THIS DAY. MARLBOROUGH-STREET. S. Martinelli in the employ of one of the exhibitors at the Crystal Palace, was charged;with assaulting Police-Ser geant l'ronger, 237 A, while in the execution of his duty. The constable stated that this morning about rune o'clock he was on duty in the interior of the Ex hibition building, when ho saw the defendant wandering about various sections. He asked him for his pale-ticket, when he replied that be had none. Witness said his orders were to turn all persons out who had not a pass, and that he could not let him proceed further unless he produced his ticket. The defendant replied that his master, who was an exhibitor, had got his paw, end he would take witness to him. They then walked some dis tance towards the west-end of the building, when the de fendant raa away through different sections to No. 22, the section where his master was. Witness got up to him, and again desired him to go out, and on putting his hand gently on the shoulder to eject him from the building, the defendant struck him on the head and knocked his hat off. Witness then Wok him into custody for the assault. In reply to the charge, the defendant said he had a ticket when he entered the building in the morning, but he left it with his master. He had not the least idea he was doing wrong in going into another section than the one he was employed in ; and if he did strike the constable it was not done intentionally. Mr. Bingham said defendant ought to have paid obe dience to the constable's orders, especially at such a time and in such a cause as the Oreat Exhibition; and, as a warning to others, he should tine him 20s. for the assault. The money was immediately paid. 7'. ticanton was charged with stealing from the Crystal Palace a quantity of scaffolding-rope, the property of Messrs. Fox and Henderson, the contractors. Best, 161 D, said that this morning he was on duty at the south entrance of the Exhibition when he saw the prisoner, who was carrying a large bag of bulky appearance, in the middle of the road. Witness asked what was in the bag. The prisoner said " Oh, nothing particular, only some rub biNts I have picked up." Witness then opened the bag, and found it to contain a considerable quantity of scaffolding rope, and as the prisoner could not give a satisfactory ac count as to the manner in which he came by it he took him to the station. Thomas Handford, gatekeeper, in the employ of Messrs. Fox and lienderum, at the Exhibition, ideutihed the rope ma the property of his employers. The prisoner said he picked up the rope in the park, and thinking it of no use to anyone he put it in his bag. Mr. Bingham, who thought the prisoner might hare acted under that impression, dealt with the case in a summary manner by committing him for ten days fur unlawful pos session. BRUTAL MURDER OF A POLICENIAN. At the Lambeth Police Court, yesterday, .himcs M'Elligott, John Berkey Patrick CU', Dennis Har rington, John Fahey, Burke, Dennis Shana han, and Edward Shnnaikin, coal porters and labourers at the Gas-works, Vauxhall, were charged with the wilful murder of Henry Chaplin, a constable in the L division of police, No. 77, in Vauxhall-walk, on that morning. Edward Newton, 1219 L, said—At a quarter past one o'clock this morning I was on duty in Vauxhall-walk, and heard a great noise a little down the walk, and, on proceed ing to the place, Law several men and Policeasinstable Henry Chaplin, 77 L. was also there, and endeavouring to persuade them to go home. Mr. Elliott—What were the men doing at the time? Witness—They were making a great noise your worship, and I myself begged of them to go along peaceably and not make such a noise at such a time in the morning. I saw Cane Mickey, and McElligott amongst flume present, and I spoke to the two latter, and told them to desist from hal lining. Chaplin addressing the parties said, "Will you go home quietly, if not I shall lock you up." Five or six of them then went away, but returned in a few moments armed with large stones, or what I considered to be then brickbats, and on coming ucar to Chaplin the prisoner Hickey flung this stone at hint and struck him un the mouth. (The witness here produced a clinker, a missile weighing nearly albs.), and proceeded to say that the effect of the blow caused the deceased to stagger against a win dow shutter, near to which he stood, but lie soon appeared to recover, and was enabled to draw his staff and strike Hickey on the forehead, the blow producing the wound which that prisoner bore. The instant that Chill/lilt struck Hickey the prisoner Cane came up to him, and struck hint (Chaplin), a desperate blow with a large flint stone on the left side of the head, or temple, and at almost the same moment Another of the party, but who I cannot recognise, also came up and struck the deceased on the right temple, and he instantly fell to the foot pavement. 1 instantly rushed at the prisoner Cane, and laid hold of him for the purpose of securing him, but at that instant I received a %latent blow front a stout on the shoulder which knocked me down on the pavement. I got up again, and laid hold of Cane a second time, but he knocked me down and got away before I got up. I then ran along Salamanca-place, springing my rattle, and immediately after a sergeant and some constables came up. I returned with them to where Chaplin was and found him lying on the pavement all in a gore of blood, and bleeding profusely from the mouth, nose, and some wounds on his head, and assisted in removing him into the Queen's Head public-house, be, all the time, remaining in a state of perfect insensibility. Soon after I accompanied theconstables to a house in Vauxhall-walk, and knocked at the door several times before it was opened, and ou entering it I saw the pri soner Hickey standing at the kitchen door bleeding front a wound on his forehead, and his hands were also bloody. One of the constables who accompanied me charged the pri soner with assaulting Chaplin the constable, but Hickey de clared he had not been out all the night, and that the blood upon his hinds hail been occasioned by a bleeding from his nose. We then took hint into custody, upon which he made some resistance, hut was ultimately taken to the station fringe. Soon afterHickey'a minors! from the hour I Saw the prisoner MeElligott come down Anderson's-walk and into Vauxhall-walk, and on coming up to the railings of the house from which Hickey had been removed, he made a full stop, and I at once recognised him as one of the me n I h a d Just before seen in Lambeth-walk, and gave him into the custody of 113 L. We went into the house a second time, and there found the prisoner Cane coming up stairs front the cellar or coal-hole, and he attempted to make his escape by getting out the hack way, but we secured him, and at that time he was bleeding from a wound oil the side of the head which I have no doubt 1 gave him' with my stair while we were struggling, and 1 endeavoured to secure him. I have no doubt he is the man who struck Chaplin with the stone on the lett side of the head or temple, and that he is also the Mail I endea voured to secure. When we took him into custody he asked what it was for, awl upon being told for brubilly assaulting a constable, he endeavoured to escape, rind we hail soma difficulty in preventing him. I afterwards saw Chaplin in bed at his own house, where he still remained in a state of insensibility, and was removed to Guy's Hospital. Mr. Elliott—What was the first violence you saw com mitted? Witness—The first violence, your worship, was the pri soner Hickey striking the deceased on the mouth with this stone (the missile before described). Mr. Elliott—And that you say was immediately after you heard the constable Chaplin say that if they did led go home he should take one or two of them into custody ? Witness—Ye., your worship. Mr. Elliott—You have stated that five or six of the party had separated from the others, and came hack armed with large stones, now can you state the exact time between their going away noel returning ? Witness—l cannot exactly, your worship, fur I was en gaged at the time in endeavouring to disperse the people who remained ; but I should think it was half a minute, or it might be a minute. In his cross-examination by Mr. Games, the witness re peated that the first blow he saw given, in fact the first assault committed, was by the prisoner Hickey, in striking the deceased with the large stone on the mouth. Chaplin, the constable, had not used his truncheon before this to witness's knowledge, nor did he draw it until after he was struck by Hickey with the stone. /lc then drew it, a n d struck Hickey with it on the forehead. When witness first saw the parties they were walking on both sides of thu street, and women accompanied them. Some of them were intoxicated, and lie could speak to Hickey, Cane, and M'Elligott, as being much the worse for liquor. Ile did not see the constable Chaplin say or do anything, beyond telling the parties that unless they went home he should be obliged to take one or two of them into cus tody. Ile was also quite sure the deceased hail not drawn his staff until after he had been struck by Hickey, mid that Hickey had not at that time any marks of violence on his person, or stains of blond about his face. He (witness) did not know of any cruse for the alleged violence, beyond the threat of taking the parties into custody, and could not recognise any of the prisoners as hissing been present, except Hickey, Cane, and M'Elligott. Mr. Ladd, a surgeon, said he had been sent for me that morning to attend the deceased, and on going to his resi dence be found him in a state of perfect insensibility. On examining him, be found on the right side °lithe head, jest over the eyebrow, a small incised wound, and the right eye was very much contused. On the left side of the head was a large wound which communicated with a fracture of the skull, and a piece of the bone was depressed upon the brain. He was bleeding from the mouth and oars at the time, and it was probable therefore that the fracture extended across the base of the skull. lie fainted to my presence, and I recommended his removal to the homital. I believe the cause of his death to be the blow on the left side which had caused the fracture of the skull. His face was altogether very screwy bruised. In crew-examination Mr. Laid said he did not notice anything particular about the South of the deceased, but the whole of the countenance appeared much contused, and his attention was more particularly directed to the head, on which the more serious injuries appeared. A certificate of the death of Retry Chaplin, signed by the house surgeon of Ouy's Hospital, was to put in. Thu poor man was fast dying when he reached the institution, and sank a few minutes afterwards, After the reception of sum esiborelinate evidence the whole of the prisoners were remanded. THE IitTUATION OP THE SILK-WEAVERe OP Lrona (gays the Sa Pu6 lia of that city) become. every day worse and worse. With many of them crobagrasammt has become misery, and privation huager.! At Lyons such a state of things cannot bo prolonged, and we have the greatest buti-faction to announce that niesourei hays been already realisod or proposed to met these suffer:lig work men.