The Express. — London, England, 1851-04-23 00:00:00

NEWS. NEWS, NEWS.—The Stet, Cneapest.l NA Wirt 14•••10/pFt 111 the weld. LLOYD'S %WALT t.);DON NEN di' hrVit eontaluo any twos Columno of the very Wen e, the lonnest of panics . toot *tan all rkfl. of the world. by ev moo eleetelo taken* end oth-e le rot" teeettihde espriete. TM* Co MOW of the hem pabltelted ever y swards, sifbt tion.ll , poet ?nee only Theehenes, post-free. ' , end three mMegeetao,o to k:d•rard Lind, U. falsenorragas•e. 1 , .d. , at 184 norm ow copy as • ..mPle:ceeis s erier we gtregsfs. TO CORRESPONDENT S. A deseed Dirks .1. Tbs Engss.° asable; 'as sans araings •• Casette; is poldisbed vary Tasdny sal Fria, siglit. la ands tor pat. adcatortanta Wended fa "Tic aapeak . London Evening apes, art to tits l am. lc, 6041,600.11111", by Two o'clock so as day et pubacatica. HIGH WATER AT bOI4DON BRIDGE' 7." _l'll - I'''. r It= IN, WEDNBSDAY, APRIL 23. _ Tux return of Prince METPERNICII to his Castle of Johanaisberg, and his palace on the Itennweg of Vienna, is an event which signifies to some that the revolution has run its course; and, as the word indi cates, has returned to the point from which it started. In this, however, there is a great mistake, for Austria, and all the states of Germany subject to its influence , far from being i n the position they were before the revolution of have fallen in a state of servitude and tyranny, that the Emperor FRANCIS never attempted, and that even MistEiciteit shrunk from. Hence some of the lihends, especially of the aristocratic class, hail the return of METTERNICII as something favourable, as his counsel must dissuade the EM PEROR from following out those centralising and It s wer -absorbing schemes, by which SCIIWARZENBERG 13 in truth assimilating the Austrian empire to the Turkish. The peculiarity of SettwArizEststAttis rule is, that it is as odious to the aristocracy and upper classes, as to the citizens, and to the lower orders. And if the Emil:wit was to listen to the noblesse, he would infallibly pursue a milder policy. But Scilw.vazEN- Um; has the full support of the Archduchess SOPIIIA, and is certainly entitled to the gratitude of the EsteEtion fur making a SotAmvs: of him, and for enabling the descendant of NlAlitv Timms.% to put his foot on the neck of the successor of the Great Fut:Deluca. We have, therefore, few hopes of seeing Austria , brought hacksven to such toleration of local liberty and aristocratic influence as prevailed under Prince :tit:S TEW:II 11. Still less do we see the possibility of such a giveniment ceding and establishing anything even in form or semblance that might content the people, and wean them from their present deadly and fanatical ideas of vengeance and execration. The utmost to be hoped, until such time as civilisation shall have eaten deeper into the links of that despotic chain which alone keep+ Austria together, is that the bigot tyrunnv 01 such a ryinte may be confined as m uch as possible, awl drover it may he gradually driven from it+ present bol ov Italy. as well as from its insolent attempts to enslave North Germuis. 'll . he Times still deeply regrets that Austria should be baulked in any of its despotic aims. That journal bvslavers the tyranny of ScitwvitzEstie.to: with a laureate's praise, mid with the instinct of a ge tttt l'useyite it glories in the ascendancy which catholic Austria bas obtained over the protestant re ions of North Germany. H ut y esterda y it was as lloud as ever in its reproaches and severe in its blows against Prussia. a+ if it were not ungenerous so to belabour and tread down an already prostrate power. Its anger is occasioned by the failure of the Dres den Conference to produce a result. And this failure is charged upon Prussia, as having asked too much (!) and as still pursuing its schemes of self-aggrandise maalt. Such a rtpeteielt could only is offend by the Aastrian wolf to the Prussian lamb. Fur Heaven knows, and unfortunately Germany knows too, that on every sueetseive proposal made at Dresden for extinguishing the power and independence of the smaller princes, of the constitutional and protestant Maw , . Prussia has always (some forward humbly to say Dab, to Austria, like poor Mr. CRUGER making his spill+. utter KKK. The different whemes of Dresden we need not re capitulate. They were all for concentrating power in the hands of the six kings. and giving the re maining princes, taken together, but a 'mirth or a filth of the voting power. The sovereign authority, including exectilite and legislative, was to be eon- eentmteil in this council of despots, which was to have full power over movements, constitutions, dill . ..rents-Om:two:it princes at id subjects, foreign policy, foreign wars. It was, in truth, extending Settwva zexiiimi's Turkish system of rule over the whole of lienuanc. Yet to this Baron MANTEUFFEL on the part of Prussia assentill. Every statesman in Prussia. to br sun', protested. Even MANTEVEFEIN own envoy, AtskNst.knEst, protested. And the KING at Berlin read iu the looks of every courtier the universal sense of humiliation. But MANTEMEL went upon the principle that he had yielded t oo much, not to yield everything. And even the allies that had followed Prussia in the great struggle fur the union were given up by the Prussian minister to destnietion and mediatisation. It was then that, in the face of the cowardice and treachery of Prussia, the men of the smaller states took courage. Weimar and Frankfurt first stood forth; then the two Mecklenbergs, even although they had just made an aristocratic revolution in the Dueliv. Batten was, of course, obliged to exert itself for very existence. Even the Hessen —the one closely allied to Russia, the other existing by Austrian filyonets—eould not but show their opposition. And the project for enslaving Germany, and putting all its western and indepen dent states at the mercy of Eastern despotism, was defeated, not by Prussia. but by the minor princes. Not but that the Clievalereaque Court of Berlin, which, when chosen by the independent primes as their leader and head, had in cowardly tremour be trayed them, now plucked up courage on seeing these princes stand up for themselves. And Prussia no doubt demands now the restoration of the old Diet, as a leaser tyranny than the scheme which Austria proposed. M. M.tcTEtYFEL, however, never ventured to utter such a sentiment in the face of Prince Seim taivtntatu until the smaller states had raised it. and had insisted on not being put in a worse position than the congress of Vienna had placed them. The Viennese, hailing the return of Prince Mrr- TEICSn'II as a possible or probable. relief front the tyranny of Senwsiveknr.no, and the minor princes of Genitally demanding the restoration of the old Frankfurt biet. as more hbcral than the new charter of Austria, express so clearly and so fully the state of things beyond the Rhine. that it is idk to enlarge upon it in any comment. Prince SCHWARZENISER6 went to Dresden, confident that he could carry every point, being secure that NiANTEI:PFEL and his master would give up everything, even to the shirts *upon their backs, rather than display one attitude of manhood. Secure of the four Neettictix-made kings, the Austrian took no account of the minor princes, who were in his view so many pawns. From them, however, and from their claims, resistance Caine. And thanks to the insolence and extravagance of SCOW tIVENHERG'S demands, which went to overthrow the great basis of the treaty of Vienna, foreign powers were enabled to come to Hie support of the minor princes of Ger many. And both France and England were compelled to protest against the scheme of BenwattirNuttni. This statesman has nothing to thank but his own must insolent demands and most extravagant assumptions, for having failed at Dres den. Some show of moderation might have enabled hint to augment his power. Instead of this. he sought to play Ntetn.kos; at Dresden. And the result has been, that, like NAPOLEON. his extrava gance ended be endowing cowardice with courw, and compelling even the most timid to rise up as hLs enemies. What new tone he may adopt at Frankfort, what new police. remains to be seen. For the present the curtain falls on the failure of the great scheme of European tyranny at Dresden, a failure chiefly owing to SeitWARZESBEROS own arrogance, and to the cou rage of three or four of the minor courts. As to Prussia, whether in the field or in council, its only part seems to be to assume the meanest attitude, and to swallow the greatest possible amount of hu miliation and disgrace. THE Caledonian Railway Company. the affairs of which an• again attracting attention. i+ to Scotland what the Eastern Counties is to England; with, landed interest. But the original directors of the Caledonian, though powerless to resist effectually landlord rapa city and greediness, fell into the common error of supposing that the best way to secure the traffic of all feeding lines was to guarantee them large rates of dividend; accordingly they bought up in that way every line they could lay their hands on. And now it turns out that it is quite hopeless to expect the Caledonian can ever, under any circum stances, pay its preferential and guaranteed liabili ties. A compromise is, therefore, very reasonably proposed; but, us parliament cannot and will not coerce the prekrentiul and guaranteed interests into an abandonment or even a mitigation of the right that it sanctioned, a compromise mast be a voluntary arrangement ; and, therefore, man being a selfish animal, difficulties almost insuperable arrest its con clusion. The terms of such a compromise are nut, however, a tit subject fur newspaper discussion. So. we must content ourselves with the remark that the difficulties and embarrassments arc so great, that a reference to some well-known public man—such as Sir JAmcs (in.m.vo —Seeing to be the most reason able means of reaching so desirable an end. Though, of all Scotch railways, the Caledonian is in the greatest difficulties, nine-tenths of the lines in that country arc in a worse plight than the leading English companies. Here, south of the Tweed, we have dividends of it, of 4.1, of 4, of 34 per cent. paid to shareholders. But, beyond the boundary of that river, there is only one company, the Edinburgh and Glasgow, which Call reach a 3 per cent. dividend; and out of raffi miles of railway there are not 300 which produce any profit on the ordinary share capital of the corporations that have constructed and that work them. There is no such dividendon the Aberdeen line, 72 miles in length; none on the North British, 146 miles lung; none on the Edinburgh and Perth, 71 miles; none on the Scottish Midland,3o miles; none on the Dundee and Arbroath, 16 ; none on the Dun dee and Aberdeen. 31 miles. In fact, there are only three lines in Scotland which yield any dividend on their original capital—the Edinburgh and Glasgow, which pays 3 per cent.; the western rival of the I Caledonian, the Glasgow and South-Western, which screws up 21 per cent.; and the Scottish Central, about to pay .is. a share on its 231. shares. This is a most deplorable picture; suggestive of misery, privation, suffering, and ruin to au extent quite painful to reflect on. It is, too, another proof, if one were needed, that it is not always a show of external sagacity and prudence which wears best in the practical concerns of this life; that in English good sense we have perhaps something more valuable than Scotch carefulness, at least in railway under takings. THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY 'EVENING, APRIL 23, 1851. however, this exception line, that it is well" travel upon. For the public have, A Western, which )kas couraging the traffic of respects the Caledonian disastrous concerns in e_ — ordinary or original stock, between two sad three millions sterling, is unproductive and saleable only at a discount of 70 per cent.; in the sale of its pre ference shares you must lose 23 per cent. ,• it has a liability of 400,0001. of tioatiug debt unprovided for; it has a deficiency of 84,0361. on the past year in respect of its preferences and guarantees to contend a g ainst ; it is involved in no fewer than 87 law suits; all the efforts of the di rectors to arrange terms between the ordinary and the preferential and guaranteed interests have failed ; and they are now promoting a bll in parliament to raise an additional 600,0001., which has to be con tested inch by inch. Mr. DUNCAN, its chairman, was I therefore quite justified in saying at the last meet- 1 ing of the Company " that he could not lay his hand on any other line in the kingdom in such financial difficulties." It is indeed a melancholy spec tack of human folly and recklessness and ruin. To attempt and to succeed in resuscitating such a chaos of embarrassment is an heroic work ; one for which the ancients would have given the chief actor free admission to their Pantheon. Yet, to judge merely by a map, the Caledonian would seem to be a likely line. In the days of coaching and posting Carlisle used to be a town of infinite traffic ; and the Caledonian runs thence in a direct line to Glasgow, by far the most important town in Scotland, and at Carstairs juts out a very convenient branch to Edinburgh. True, it has on the eastern coast to compete with the North British ; on the western, with the Glasgow and South West ern ; and the country through which it passes is poor and thinly peopled. Still the• Caledonian, as laid out by Mr. Loege, is part of that great trunk route which connects the commercial and political capitals of Scotland with this metropolis ; and though the through passenger tra ffi c of all Sc otland to London is remarkably small, not exceeding probably 900/. a week; yet if cheaply made and economically ma naged, the Caledonian was not an irrational specu lation, and it certainly was one of great political and commercial interest. But it fell into incapable hands and was plun dered by border robbers ; thence its woes. The worthless land through which it ran cost three times the pirliamentairy estimate. 'flint, perluips, the original directors; could not help ; for the law has placed railways in reference toland at the mercy of* class which ljas no bowels of compas,:ioa f o r o ther people, viz. the landowners.and most unseru p ulowd y have they Used their powers. Experience has shown, in the ruse of almost every railway made since the enactment of the Lands Clauses Compensation . Act that the difference between the estimated and the actual cost of railways consists of the excess of prices paid for land; and it is to the landowners of the country that railway shareholders have generally to ascribe pref e rential capital. Take, tor instance, the Great Northern ; its accounts show that its works, its plant, its rolling stock, have, so far, all been made and bought within those estimates which were disputed for upwards of eighty days in committee; but that its land, the estimate for which was deemed sufficient even by its stern opponents, has required one million sterling more than the sum it was originally valued at. And all because, in the preparation of the statute referred to, landlord inau cum prevailed. In short, the interest that has most benefited by, has must deeply injured, railways; the tb.e. transition from► ' by the quiet of the hare access to it. that it is free horns, has mado . We still remember eras occasioned some good ADELAIDE—in a moment of thoughtlessness, for she was in capable of anything unamiable palmed through the gardens once with her suite on horseback. The universal maternity of the surrounding districts was thrown into°. fidgetof angry alarm. Ministers may rest assured that the bare mention of a ride being made through Kensington Gardens has awakened a deep sense of irritation among all who are in the habit of frequenting it, and more especially among those who ! hews base accustomed to consider their children as sa d there as in the nursery. It is unsafe for the aristocracy of England to trifle with such sentiments lat this time—to gallop rough-shod over the tastes of I the public front whose touch they draw daintily sad fastidiously back as if there were contagion in it- Nor is this the only unwise temporising with the peculiar character of the gardens that is in progres or said to be in contemplat ion. The gr s eat charm consists in its seeming seclusion. When surrounded by solid walls, except on one side, I amid its thick and lofty trees, the loiterer there felt I as if he were far away from the noise, throng, I and heavy atmosphere of the city. The throwing open of the south side to the road by the substitution of a railway has partly destroyed the illusion; and now the opening of the north side to the Bayswater thoroughfare is completing the work. A glare of light is being let in upon the dark pines, and soon the garden will be swept by dust clouds from the roads on either side. Besides this, we hear talk of a new national' gallery being erected in the garden to the north of I the palace. The building in Trafalgar-square is in- I deed unsuited to the purposes of a gallery ; but could no new site be found without intruding upon the only really sequestered lounge of the citizens? If the good people of London are not on the alert, that great pleasure-ground extending almost con tinuously from Whitehall to Kensington Palace will bit by bit be filched from them. We did not join in the complaints that were made about the recent alterations in front of Buckinglium Palace : no new encroachment was made by them on the right of thoroughfare ; and it struck us as self-contradictory on the part of those who have long been accustomed to speak tauntingly of the non-palatial look of the town residences of English s o vereigns, to grudge the attempt to make her Majesty's residence look a little more palatial. But there ore suspicious indications of these changes being carried further than is neces- SWITZERLAND. The first detachment of }limp, rian and Italian refugees who lately deserted from the army of Ito detzky arrived at Herne on the 17th, under the command of Colonel Purr. They are going to America, by way of France. A great number of them fought under the government of Kossuth. sary. If any one will take the trouble to inspect the ornamental inclosure in St. James's-park, he will see that a row of young trees has recently been planted near its north side, extending from the front of the palace to near the end of New-street. This cuts up the expanse of grass—narrows it to an unsightly degree; and a more minute examination will con vince him that if the space between the mall and this new row is converted into a gravel walk it will leave a carriage drive directly up to the central gate in front of the palace, with two broad gravelled alleys between rows of trees on either side. The tilelung processes which are going on at both extre li unties of these pleasure grounds warrant a strong suspicion that such an encroachment upon—such a disfigurement of the ornamental inclosure—is actually in contemplation. A good taste for building and the laying out d pleasure-grounds is a feather even in a royal cap; bat the powhant may be carried to an ungraceful ex treme. The proudest ornament of an English sove reign is the free and loving proximity of her subjects. To gain this a little of formal ornament may well be sacnticed. Even GEonta: 11., reproached as he has been with anti-English sentiments, showed this when he rebuked the keeper of Kensington Gardens for presuming to turn the key on his subjects. If there be any parasites about the palace now, who seek by busying the royal attention with schemes of stately and formal approaches, and other considera tions to divert attention from the intense enjoyment which the inhabitants of the metropolis derive from frequenting the great aggregate of parks in the ice mediate vicinity of the royal residence, no better ser vice can be rendered than to appeal to her Miitsrv's generous sympathy with popular pleasures, in order to counteract the insidious attempt. _ . . digestion' laboured for more than a year before • Kossuth, and declared, that this measure would be Mr. Webster is in the city, on kis way to Mani they could come to sufficient understanding to make taken by the government for an act of hostility. We field, to recruit his health. known their intentions through a public organ, and do not know yet what impression this despatch has Mr. Clay has left Ilavana for New Orleans in th e propagate their ideas actively through the press. Hays made in Constantioople, but we hope that Kossuth Ohio, with his health much improved. ing pitched on the Amenable Nationale for the vehicle! is already free. General Scott is making a tour through the w of their opinions they formed a company with sited ' a- You will remember that, when the Austrians and tern states, where he is well received. At the p "‘ pital of 400,00 d, no,ooor. of which were depos Russians had claimed the extradition of the refugees sent moment, he is the most prominent At t here lin the chest of the administration on the day on in 1849, the Sultan answered in the negative, and the presidency in the whig ranks. which the committee. of direction, consisting of lkl NI. ; requested the advice and the good offices of the Eng- Our city is rapidly filling up with strangers. Th e tGuisot, Ducluttel, Dumon, de Montebello, de Noailles, lish and French governments. The answer was: weather is becoming mild and pleasant, and our Bettye?, de Valmy, Mole, de Salvandy, Montalivet,l" That the laws of hospitality, the dictates of hu- fruit trees, such as the peach and quints., are in full and Vitct took possession of the AseemWe Nationale. Inanity, the general feelinp of mankind, forbid such blossom. One sign of spring is invariable. The t The paper had at that moment a circulation of surrenders ; and that any independent government, Americans aro very fond of eating shad; and these 11,000 copies. which of its own free will were to make such a sur- appear on our coast always as the winter disappe, The capitalist who supports the expenses of the render, would be deservedly and universally stigma- \Vhen shad arc freely offered for sale, we know that Mesaager, as M. do Pontalba. tined as degraded and dishonoured." summer is nigh. M. 'Maigne, a representative of the Assembly, has " But the Sultan has duties of good neighbourhood The city of New York at present abounds wi t h taken occasion of the Easter recess to visit Belleville, to fulfil towards Austria"—thus Lord 'Palmerston public exhibitions We have two French tr,,,, ' where his brother is imprisoned for the part he took in continues in his despatch to Viscount Ponsonby, of equestrians from Franconi's, a French valid:v . " l % the insurrection of June. The director of the prison, October 6, 1849—" and those duties require company, and a German company, a number o f however, refused to allow M. Maigne to hold any that he should not permit his territory to theatres , in full operation, and panoramas and p t i r , t . communication with his brother, whereupon an alter- be made use of as a place of shelter, 'from ings without en Julia Bennett continues t o d raw cation ensued, which ended in M. Maigue's threaten- which comunications should be carried on for full houses at the Broadway Theatre. ing to bring the conduct of the director under the the purpose s of disturbing the tranquillity of any of Money is plenty, and the reaction we sonietims s notice of the Assembly. the states which compose the Austrian empire. The fear to be close at hand keens off at a mi ss tahic s The President of the Republic, on the report of Sultan is therefore bound to prevent these Hunga- distance. Foreigners can scarcely understand t h e the Minister of the Marine, has awarded a silver rian refugees from hovering upon the frontier of passion we have here for fine houses. Hunde il , of medal of honour of the first class to Mr. Anderson, Hungary or Transylvania, and he ought to require large and commodious dwellings are now I, i L , a master in the English royal navy, commanding the them either to leave the 'Turkish territory, or to take erected in the upper part of the city. No exiss . ..: ' ; coast guard station at Downderry, for saving, at the up their residence in some part of the interior of his spared in their construction. They are equsi t ,, „,,,, t risk of his own life the crew of the Flu nn, of dominions where they may have no means of coin- of the best houses occupied by the nobility in ~,, :,hare munienting with the discontented in the Austrian and are owned principally by merchants eel:. h are Bayonne, on the lath ' of January last. the governor of Martinique has notified to the istates." not been 20 years in business. We are surpri,ed ministry of the colonies that the wreck of a three- The Porte knew well themeaning of this despatch, ourselves at this display of wealth among ewes:lees. master, of 500 tons bur i he, abandoned by the crew, which, translated fro the diplomatic language into Never did our country seem so prospeious a: rs and laden apparently wth n cotton, had been met with plain English, says m that Kossuth is to he sent to All we require is union, and we shall then M by the Sirius, Capt. Langicr, on the 17th January, some remote fortress, out of the reach of civilisation, flourish. in 34 deg. N. lat. and 12 deg. `slight lo from l'aris. and of postal intercourse. Though it seemed strange The funds have declined . The Fives to the Porte that the duties of the Sultan. aS regards closed at 92.33, with a fall of 3c. ;the Threes fell good neighbourhood with Austria, should be differ also 3c., and closed at 57.23. ent from the duties of England towards France; that, whilst Louis Philippe, Ledru Rollin, Louis Blanc, and all the proscribed French party chiefs are allowed to remain undisturbed in England, where they have meansenough of communicating with the discontented in France, Kossuth should he sent to souse remote part of the interior—the Sultan nevertheless pledg ed himself, in an autograph letter to the Emperors of Russia and Austria, to have Kossuth intern , . and serreille for one year: and, moreover, that in liberat ing him, he would have every regard for the tran quillity of the Austrian empire. But it was not set tled in the amm,mapli letter when this year of detention shall end : if the dete•nt ion wasto last to the anniversary of Kossinh's arrival in Turkey, or of the date of the Sultan's letter. or of the arrival of the refugees at the place of their detention. The first two anniversaries have already elapsed, the third one is just to-day, and from the last letters I received from Constanti nople, I see that there is a great probability for the liberation of Kossuth. It would be the greatest triumph of Prince Schwarzenberg's policy, and a complete defeat of the English influence in the East, if the last despatch from Vienna had induced the Sultan to have the detention extended to the b o n 'Adair of Austria. gig Court. WINDSOR, Tc ash The Queen walked this morning in the Slope The Royal Family took walking exercise. Prince Albert, attended by Lieut.-Col. Ron.C. 11. P and Lieut.-Col. Hon. Alexander Gordon, went to at nine o'clock this morning, to proside at a meetin.t Royal Commission for the Promotion of the ltiil of the Works of Industry of All Nations. Highness and suite travelled by a special train on thy . West,rn Railway, and returned to the Caste at h.. three o'clock. Prince Albert presided at a meetin3 of Ho- Commission for the promotion of the Exhibition in the Works of Industry of all Nations yesterday n. MS Royal Highness arrived at the Exhibition fluff. llydepark at ten o'clock, attended by Lieut.-Col. Charles B. Phipps and Lieut.-Col. the lion. . Gordon. The Commissioners as.ernbled at eleven - There were present the Earl of Rom, the Earl lir Lord John Russell, the Right lion. limry LtiP • Charley L. Eastlake, Mr. Barry, Mr. (Vint, - Stephenson, M.P., :and Mr. Hopkins, President of t logieat :society. Mr. Edgar Bowring, Acting the Commission, was in att.hdanee. of the Executive Committee, Col. Lloyd, Special sinner, and Dr. Lyon Vlayfhir, Special Cuninti..siof tended. The meeting broke up at a quarter p. o'clock, when Prince Albert took his departure, turnesl to Windsor Castle. D.-patches were received yesterday at the Colonia front the Governor of Canada, and front the Uovcr the other North American Colones. Despatch-. w• received from the Governors of Ceyl tttt t Van lb the Mauritius, New Zealand, and New Wales. Lady John Russell has issued invitations for an as. on Wednesday, the 3Oth inst., at the edictal reel Lord John Rusaell, iu Downing-street. The German papers received to-day contain of importance. BOSNIA. Accounts from Bosnia to the Bth, in the Pirdoemtese Gazette, state that, after the defeat of the insurgents at Kozarak, Omer Paeha proceeded to Pridor, where he still was at that date. The city of Boujaluka has had to pay a contribution of 1,000 purses (120,000 fr.), and that of Gradisca 230. Skanderlk•g has taken the direction of Baum with 3.390 Turkish soldiers, in order to attack Ali Kedish, who has rallied there with a few thousand insurgents, the remnants of those who were beaten at Kozarak. In Sercia, AvramPetroneviek, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the principality, has resigned, in consequence of the Porte having required Servia to place 12,000 men at the disposal of the Sultan, to act against Bosnia. Prince Alexander Karagjortdevieh has left his resi dence of Belgrade for that of Krogujevalc, since the application of the Porte—a measure considered by some as a sort of flight. (Prom la-t OVAL . * (11:ette.1 WDITEITALL, APRIL 18. The Queen has pleased to grant the office of Solieitur-General for Sc to John Cowan, Eoq., Advocate. COMMISSIOS oIGS ED MY Tnt: LORD-LIEXTE: or SouorsioliE.—lieury. George Ilaniage, G•nt , Cornet in the South Salopiau Corpo of Yeomanry Car . COMMISSION SIGNED DV TUE I.OltD-LtEUTE OF NOFFINOO.t)F,OULE.—ItoIwrt Itenchald ton, Eej., commonly called Lord Robert Pelham I 'ho he Second Lieutenant in the Sherwood gangers. COMMISSION SIGNED HY THE JF DENIIIERSIIIKE.—JOIIII WilliaMs, Esq., M.V., Deputy Lieutenant. COMMISSIONS sIGNED BY TIIE LOILD-LI Et - v.! OF Tlll COUNTY PALATINE OF L'IlEsTF.a. --I . ... James Nicholson, to he Captain; Coniet William mu: Nicholls, to be Lieutenant; Thomas Philip Gent., and !Ivory Hill, lieut., to be Cornets in the I. Cheater's Regiment of Yeomanry Cavalry. AMERICA. BOSTON ELECTION. CLOSE OF TOE POLL. ail Ih3 388 218 4 •ption is • amour of ths lkirthern thing iaidprtssibly piddling In nig l worked, and :safe and pliadant 4 terbustliiaid Waxy - 'Odie park to thaw' superwritiv ii.i hag, a trisien, noisiest pedestrians alone very Ihneh . lo t , Tt the Nort- e s additioa lb this, the knowledge Ael 4 .pef:ikniary !bitriest in en- 1604 the intrusion of vehicles'and I Be of ' the 011etloililds. la, of ' Aft especial resort of children. 1 lonian is certalnle one of the m the unpleasant excitement that wig ns in the Univ.:a Kingdom. Its years ago when good Queen . _s .1._...... --....0i • t o n thoutihtlessne•s, fig SPAIN• The Iferaldo of Madrid, of the 17th, announces that General Ortega, having left Madrid to exert his influence in the elections of Aragon, the government had given orders that he should be arrested. The same journal states that the governor of the province of Valladolid had been dismissed, for having declared that he could not prevent the election of M. Alonzo, author of the amendment on the ministerial bill fur the settlement a the debt. ITALY. ROME, Arno. So much has been said of late in England touching the treatment of Jews by the papal government, that you will doubtless be glad to know the exact condition of the IsmeHash community in the city of Rome under the present ecclesiastical mnnoe. You are already aware that the Jews inhabit a narrow and squalid quarter of the town termed the Ghetto, which being too small for their num bers (about eight thousand souls) keeps them in a painfully crowded state ; nor are they allowed to dwell in any other part. They are strictly pro hibited front employing their fortunes in the acqui sition of landed or real property, and are forbidden to exercise the nobler professions, such as physic, &e.; and the most honourable member of the Jewish community is denied that right which is granted to the most abandoned of eatholics, namely, the right of offering his testimony as valid in a civil or criminal suit. With regard to the administration of those affairs which touch the interests of the whole Jewish community, persons are appointed to the office not by the votes of the community itself, but at thegoodideasure of the government, so that the Jews, who are obliged to pay these officers, have not even the satisfaction of seeing the administration conducted in a satisfactory manner by men of their own choice. Besides the ordinary taxes to which, in common with the catholic inhabitants of the Roman states, the Jews are subjected, they have to pay an annual sum of 1,1100 dollars to the Calecumeni, or converts from the Israelitish to the Roman catholic religion, two or three of whom are generally baptised at the baptistery of St. John Lateran every Holy Saturday. Another annual sum of 300 dollars is extracted from the community for the benefit of the snore dale eon rerbte, a kind, of nunnery devoted to the use and in structiou of converts; so that the Jews arc obliged, in fact, to give premiums to such of their brethren as abandon their faith—a piece of oppression about as unjust as the forcing them to attend, at stated periods of the year, the sermons of a catholic preacher, who labours to convert them, in no mea sured terms, and thunders in their unwilling ears the eternal chastisement reserved for the " stiffinecked generation !" It is gratifying after such a list of hardships to be able to add that the degrading act of homage an nually performed ut the beginning of Carnival by de legates of the Jewish community before the munici ality of ltome, and concluding with their dism issal by a contemptuous kick of the toot on the part of the senator, appears to have been definitively abolished since the accession of Pius IX. to the throne. 1 Cardinal Lambruschini, prefect of the Congrega tion of Sacred Rites, has just published a Latin de cree, announcing the will of the Pontiff that the 15th of July, the festival of the Visitation of the Blessed Virgin, should be henceforth for ever reli giously observed by all the nations of the world, with double rites of the second class, on account of its being the eventful day on which, in the words of the document itself, "the yoke of those who occupied the city was shaken off, and the temporal sovereignty of the apostolic see restored, by the aid, advice, and arms of noble nations and princes.' One of the edifices which suffered most during the siege of Rome was the ancient basilica of St. Pan cras, situated on the Juniculum outside the city walls. By the active exertions of Father Ignatius, of St. Philip Neri, the work of restoration has gone on so rapidly, that on the 27th current, the day appointed for the stations, the church, which the priests la ment had become a nest for republican dregs (from the circumstance of its having been one of the prin cipal outposts of the defending forces) will be re opened to the public. TURIN, Aram 18. M. Nigro., Minister of Finance, having resigned, Count Cavour has been appointed Moister of Fi nance, ad interim. ,Arl Our correspondent writes E as follows: NW YORK, Arum 8. Since my last, by the Franklin, there has been no thing new received until teelay. Thu Chagrcs s t e amers arrived here last night and this mornin g , FRANCE. with a large number of passengers and about one mil lion of dollars in gold dust , and d ates from California PARIS, Tetsnsy EVENING. to the ath of alarch. One of the passengers who cainc The government has received a telegraphic de oat in the Georeia has just left me. lie assures me spatch front Madrid, dated April 20, 3.30 p.m., that the gold is doubtless inexhaustible. Even the which states that the latest news from Portugal is gold bluff is not such an exaggeration as his been still unfavourable to Saldanha, adding, •" the insur stated. In referring to the files brought by the mail rectiou is marching to its main., I have been able to prepare the following eummary : I informed you some days ago that the French The legislature of California had adjourned. Atter government had ordered a ship of war to Lisboa. more than a hundred and forty ballots, it was unable Letters of the 19th from Brest state that Admiral to elect a United States senator. At the last effort, Percival Duchestie, comtnander of the squadron, had rece ived orders on the Eith, to detach the Ilenri IV. I Mr. Butler King led all his competitors. The ques -1 tion now lies over until another session. immediately to the 'Fages. M. Leon k'aucher has paid a long visit to General , The weather still continued dry, and many miners had gone off to the wet diggings. Those remaining Changarnier. I There is announced to-day a design, which will no 1 at the dry had set themselves to work to remedy the want of water. This has especially been the case in the northern mines, where canals have been dug, doubt be jealously watched by the parliament, the ' establishment, namely, of a camp of cavalry on a ' grand scale at Lunevale. near Nancy. The execution of this theme seems already somewhat advanced, for the 6th and 9th cuirissiers. the 12th dragouns, the 4th lancers, with artillery and engineers have already arrived on the spot, and executed some manceuvres under the orders of General Itcyan. The President will run down and hold sonic reviews at this camp of one e lk, and on its breaking up the regiments are to be moved into the neighbourhood of Paris. The sinister associations connected with past reviews cause this news to be regarded with earnest attention. Luneville is in the third military division,within the command of General Magnet', whose head-quarters are at Strasbourg. It is announced that M. Guizot is about to enter conduits made, and mountains tunnelled where ne cessary, to divert the water from its natural channels. In one instance a canal has been constructed nine miles in length, part of which is tunnelled through a mountain, and there arc numerous similar works of smaller dimensions. Wherever the miners have been successful in bringing water to their diggings, they have realised abundantly from their washings. There was an unusually,largequantity of earth thrown up in the early part of the season, owing to the tine weather, which enabled the miners to work more constantly. There is no doubt that, had the country been favoured with an average quantity of rain, the produce of gold dust would have been larger than in the previous winters. But great numbers of lected to rebuild the ST. ANNE, LIMEIIOCSE.—A meeting of the risk was held yesterelaz, to elect the officers vest the year and pass the accounts. mat de....iteasction •. of this pan . : .. . . expressed concerning the application of the money . parish church, burnt down on fi • the lists for the representation of the Ltuules, the the miners, finding the rain did not come, and that Friday, 18.50, and to enforce the payment of win le -:.' elections fur which department opens on the 1 Ith of the rivers and streams were unusually low, have mouses had been served on 2,5tk inhabitants. Tlei i_ Mae. abandoned their heaps of dirt, and commenced dosenters. lion for churchwardens resulted in the return e • working the bars in the streams, where they gene- 'the party of M. Berryer have published to-day a CAnDINAL WISEMAN went to Claremont lat.t w. sort of manifesto in the L'ition, which has made much rally realise good wages, and, in some eases, very noise. Opinion, they say, is agitated with plans . for large returns. Thew heaps of dirt which have been members of the ex-royal femily of France domiciled at u. a solution of the political crisis, that is, for bringing abandoned by the miners will remain until the sum- p e ice , to pay a visit to the ex-Queen of the French and the ~... ONE fine summer morning, about a year ago, a about a definitive situation. But these pros mar, when the Mexican and C'hilian miners will keeper placed on the outlook espied a gentlemanly tended solutions are at bottom only expedients probably dry wash (as it is called) much of it, by •it is rumoured that in the event of a di.... penme, of rather diminutive stature, trespassing on fur prolonging the provisional arrangement. rubbing the earth in their hands, and then blowing Ca saysItEPRESENTATION OP DEAL.—The afai,Lem Lion this borough will not be the subject of a couti.t. i the grass plats of the Slopes at Windsor. Horror- The legitimists hold that the National Assembly, away the dust, leaving the gold behind. At the min math.; having very amicably settled this whole . j ir.s. same time, it is probable the avers will be exceed- by arranging that a whig and tory should be.. return , i. struck at such audacity, the faithful guardian bur- which has the key of solutions, since it alone I rigid to the spot, bawling at the top of his voice— can decide if the constitution is to be revised, may ingly low, so that they can be worked to greater ud for their consolation Keep off the grass." The intruder was discovered, dispense with the examination of any of theme vantage an ever before, and will probably yield on a nearer approach, to be no other than the l're- schemes for prolonging the interim, and proceed at more largely. Thus the prospect is good for a large expound his views and solicit their support. Neither 1. , 4."uli theare w o •o n u l l . d i l ' i ' l l u d ;M '' tl y t:in stl t e h s at ul it t :rell ‘ k cr i . e :, mice of England. It is to be hoped that whatever once to grapple with the fundamental question, yield of gold from both these sources during the Clarence Paget nor Mr. Grenfell is popular here.' watchman, on behalf of the public, taking upon him to if the time is ripe for changing the form of theby n .t. o appear on the po i lit . political . ‘ t ‘ li t .. v irt coming summer. New diggings have also been dite DINNEIt TO T it E COMM ANDER Or THE :`...tf.i .,. ..• i covered on Seott's and Klamath rivers, both of which STEAM en, Li alsec ieseme—Ou Saturday 1 ( , , enjoin the nle lord or his colleagues to desist from government. Republic or monarchy, that is the.greata number of Manchester ne na their contemplated encroachment in Kensington- qeestion to examine and resolve. All divisions, are near the northern boundary of the state, and rad din i n c e al r iws !." l g eilvinso engaged is the American trade, to Captain 411101 , gardens—to " keep off the gnus "of that precinct— saving as respects the small party of Bonapartists, will there the mines are reported to) ield abundantly, the may not in deference to the dignity of their station be effaced before this question ; for the " fusion " G ERMANY . gold being mostly coarse and of good quality. Quartz Alexander Henry, Esq., M.P., principal of the great A! desist from his warning as did the guardian of the party may to all intents and purposes be considered, rock mining and crushing by machinery is being rican shipping house in Manchester, presided, and M" 0 the Atlantic steam-ship, at the Albion Hotel, Nlanchee slopes at Windsor. in reference to this question, as legitimists. The great VIENNA, Aram 15. prosecuted with great vigour. New discoveries of G. 0 Parish, of Philadelphia, and Samuel . I'Leall. , .., And such a watchman is needed ; for it has been mass of the party of order, Orleanists and legal- A rupture of the diplomatic intercourse between the gold bearing quartz have been made in various rat 11. Wallbridge of Virginia ; the Hon. (I ' duly announced that the scheme of laying out a new mitists, arc therefore assembled under the banner of Austria and the Porte is again imminent, and it locations, the rock containing a large proportion of ( leachgt, member of Con '. s, from California ; .ind 1 ride . in Kensington-gardens is actually in the monarchy. It remains to know what attitude seems that the vacancy of Baron Ilurmer, the late sold, and being easily crushed. Numerous orders York , o . tneiated as viceipresidents. There were al.o lir contemplation. The origin of this preposterous the army would maintain. On this head the men of internuncio—for this is the official title of the have been given ryefu crushing machines, and in the " The Queen, . The Hoyt! I" , amily I ... idea is of itself sufficiently offeneive. The the Union seem to apprehend no difficulty, since the Austrian ambassador at Constantinople—will not be coming season the eld from this source is expected dent of the United Stats. ut the toast of the ..,..:-.... Cunningham, , Esq., of Virginia. Among the toasts wy - . James ß West the gallant , I exclusive ?Anti month , who have been accustomed to army is as desirous as any other part of the nation filled up as soon as it was believed. M. Prokeseh, to be very large. In some cases small steamers have was— oft B o ' ; r t hgeultieCr Captain I s n t ea m -ship Atlantic ; Our appro: make Rotten-row the scene of their equestrian for a definitive settlement, and are, lice the rest of the most clever diplomatist of Austria. who was been turned into dredging machines, and the beds of M o e: u of his skill as a navigator can only be quanta 14 .. tabours, have by this time got tolerably reconciled to the nation, divided into monarchists or republicans, destined for this post, remains at Berlin. The auriferous rivers had been upturned to great ad dle Crystal Palace. It is an ornament , not an on - with a very small minority of Bonapartista The divan suspects Austria to have favoured the vantage. General Wallbridgc and Colonel Da Solles, of Pliitaililet., seemly encumbrance of their favourite haunt ; and F eat majonty of the officers of the army are royal- insurrection in Bosnia, as the Austrian official New and valuable mines have been discovered in i responded in characteristic speeches to toots sults , B 4 `' regard for him as a man." Captain West briefly re•PI.II the notion of its being permanently employed as a ats. What impediment, therefore, say the legiti- papers always exaggerated the progress of the neighbourhood of Monterey, Los Angeles, and . Pee Paged• I l winter garden has the charm of novelty. Still the 1 mists, is there in the way of proceeding to a detini- this outbreak, and the proclamations found' l San Diego.S • • 1 1 from S'u vr I ItonnEßY NEAR MIR'S .1.--: i %tees • 1 arrangement has one unpardonable &feet in their ' tive decision between the monarchy and the republic. on the rebel Nahias, and even in Bulgaria, were migration has been very successfully attempted in under Tenni Carte i, a noted robber, uttaclusl.tbe to eyes; they cannot enjoy it exclusively—it attracts I The answer is clear. The executive power will printed in Croatia. On the other side the Sultan by the agriculturists, and the products of the fields saultitudee who do nut belong to their select circle . never voluntarily leave a clear field to the National declared that he cannot longer theofabundant . N tatoes were dug at San Fran to step •• between the wind and their nobility." It ; Assembly for proceeding to such a decision. act part a are .ew po gaoler for Austria, and that it is his intention to set eisco on the Ist of Starch, and on the sth , barley : dcring in not the beauty of the park, the free play of the I The gatemal calls on the democratic party through- , Kossuth and his companions at liberty. At the same was full ten inches high from the ground. breeze on that gentle eminence, that attracts them. ' out France to set on foot petitions for electoral ; time the Porte claims the expenses ofthe detention Business was dull, but it was evident that a large Imo much as the idea that there they are not elbowed reform. by the vulgnr. Hence the wailing about imaginary ; I and the surveillance of the refugees, who had liberal and profitable concern was growing up with the , The history of fusion, from its commencement up : allowances from the Turkish government der- East Indies. asmoyanees from steam-engines and their "clouds of .to the present time. may be briefly traced. At the ' ing their captivity. You can imagine the Mr. Thompson has been very active of late in vapour." They can no more enjoy their ride while ' close of 1849 several of the chiefs of the Orleanists , anger of Prince Schwarzenbe who takes stirring up dissension in the western part of : courier of Aidin, on the 2nd, in the environs of Illiyea.J ,robbed hint of about 3.5,000 piastres (9,i100fr.), .N. , 0 the / 'led Gazette, state that a band of brig.e. , af traapa the w t e h re re i e ra g na u c aT i ts ta w iy ho d,.. er p ' of them coming's men, a is up with . a party of . Cattergk .._ ~.., : engagement ensued, which ended in the defeat of Lac.' Iwho lost nine horses, but no men. I FATAL ACClOENT.—Vesterday suspension bridge across the Rochdale Canal . , in sa lcr ii " te rt h e ed a h aft im e'r thi:niiard: they see plebeians haunting the foot-paths and aimed at the creation of a strong monarchical °it f that A •is rg' 1 Istate. And '• • that the ladiesof Glasgow 'wart passing across it. The horse and cart ar . party or an insult Austria to pay ,000 . a ear,y we perceive Crystal Palace than HAMAN could his while he through the reconciliation of the rival houses, I , for Kossuth, and not much less for Batthvan `Les-1 are interesting themselves very warmly in our do- : r ue saw MORDECAI the Jew sitting at the palace gate. , i in order to throw over the republic when ' zeros, the It would be a matter of very questionable taste the hour appeared ripe for this and propriety, the cutting a ride out of the compare- The credit of having taken the initiative in this taskrisele= into the canal and unfortunutelv a mau Inv Slmrplos 30 years' of age, who was following this street, Manchester, broke down whils ni t ° a En l i :se a . :::. , Perczels , and Vixoe• ki, whose allow y tthee in . mestic affairs. Apropos to this subject, we have behind the curt ( having been emoloyod to till it with 4 ' ag r Aus an t d ria o n n d th un e g g e a o l n low w s ou t l h d ey ha w v hate been haysn I drowned before assonance could lie rendered. water. The ear three oce p as en io c n e ed a! hzirdpoondeootheeinhgeftwurettiner Captain m taio Cicely sequestered Kensington Gardens to gratify belongs I was placed over the canal by the Earl of Ellemtere, an, to MM. Guizot, Duchatsl, Damon, and the still less expense. But the Porte says that it was I venter of South Carolina. Charleston Mew as sandto rho Cn Gos r. i sweepings), was also precipitated into the their churlish shrinking from the contact of the Duke of Montebello, who entered forthwith into for the sake of Austria that the refugees have been' If Mr. Clayton refenvil the captain to thatstate I been in a dangerous state for sixteen or eighteen in" I but a dispute existed as to the liability to repair it. people. acre there no e ther o bjecti o n to the plan. communication with M. Berryer, the Duke of No- confined in Asia Minor, and that it is but just that' for an explanation, he made one of his usual blunders. Quaexeitv.—The love of quackery by the le. But the notion of earrving the rush of horses and Mlles, the Duke of Valmv, and General St. Priest, this power should pay the cost of the detention. The' We cannot permit national questions to be negotiated . clatter of hoofs into that innermost recess has some- Later. Count Mole, MM. de Salvandv m r• • •ofprotested against ' b •any person but the President of the , . onta wet, Austrian ministry, course, N United ! pills has to pay less duty than the maid-of-all-work thing almost of desecration in it. There is some- and \'itet, became converts to the scheme ; but the this claim, as well as against the liberation of States, through his Secretary of State. , vertisement fur a place.—Putich. government is strongly proved by the fact, that a box This election has termlnuted iu the return Freslitield, the protectionist candidate, by a 'majority The friends of the late Captain Pelham, 11 or the PIO. remained neutral. The following is the result of th , NINE O'CLOCK. Mr. Freahfteld Mr. Wire TEX O'CLOCK. Mr. Freshfield Mr. Wire ELEVEN tieLocx Mr. Fresh&ld Mr. Wire TWELVE O'CLOCK. Mr. Freshfield Mr. Wire ONE O'CLOCK. Mr. Fro.hlield Mr. Wire ... TWO (.I.CI..PCK. Mr. Frcsliiirld Mr. Wire TIMF.K O'CLOCK. of Mr. 4117. rvt P.TI, . _ Mr. Froslilield 'l Mr. Wire 1 F*)U& tictocii—i•Losii OF TUE rui T. Mr. lormihtield I Mr. Wire 1 Majority for Mr. Fre-htield l'tfueh rintio; toot place at the tteatratiou at' the poll, ac the prom, ding, proved that the strou4e,t feelimt el' among the lahouriuq classes in thi4 great agricultural d. triet against protection.