The Express. — London, England, 1851-10-07 00:00:00

tendon to coal at Itle, and other losses of time on the way, she wu only 68 days two and a half hours on the way front New York to Panama. From Valparaiso a letter writer, under date of Aug. 21, says The Nerd' America, like her forerunner, the Pacific, has made the run from New York to this port within 40 days ; and no oth. r steamer has equalled that. The unparalleled speed of ti(sie boats has excited much admiration, surpassed only by the wonder expressed at the safe passage round the Dorn made by so many of the small ones—mere cockle shells—that have passed here during the last two years. The British Company are about to put on four new and powerful steamers, to carry the mail between this and Pa nama, twice a month instead of once, as hitherto ; and they extend the route then as far south as Talcahuano. The Santiago and the Lima, the two first of these, will soon be on their way out from Liverpool. Our harbour is full of vessels vainly seeking employment, many of them badly damn( it in the late northers experienced here. The wreck of the Peru steamer, cast ashore and gone to pieces in the' Alminorol, sold only for 50 deals. ; but the machinery, when got out will be sent to England. The *ale of the Ecuador, wrecked about the same time at Coquimho, is to take place there on the 28th inst. These are the first steamers lost on the Pacific coast. Trade generally is dull. Stocks of goods enormous. Po litical lately so rife, are now dissipated. Doctor Moutt, the new president elect, comes in with an immense majority, and assumes the reins of government on the 17th September—the fourth of July of this republic. Charmed with the success of the railroad constructed by our enterer' • g countryman, Mr. Wheelwright, for the Copiapo tompany, the government are proposing to build one between this city and Santiago. The cost is estimated at near seven million dollars, an amount nut easily ob tained, if one mire judge from the result of a loan just advertised tOr (400,000 dollars at 8 per cent. per annum), there lo net only two bids, amounting together to 70,080. If the company of stockholders be formed and the gua rantee of the government given, doubtless the amount access..ry could be raised in Great Britain. Our new consul, Mr. Doer, has fully entered upon the duties of the office, 41,.1 bids fair to give gre at satisfaction to those inter ested, :owl to he a worthy representative of the country we love. At present the Southampton (store -ship) is the only United Mates government vessel in port. The Raritan Diag-ship) is down the coast. The St. Mary is expected from T..hiti, and the Vandalia from !tlesieo or the Sand wich Islands. Our domestic news has the usual diversified cha racter. The politicians are preparing fur the coming election in thug state, and it is not possible to foresee the result; both Naas are confident. To-day the Episcopal Convention for this diocese holds its annual session. The election of a pro visional bishop will he the chief business. The high church party, who are no higher than the low church party, except that they lean towards Dome as much as they dare, seek to elect some personal friend of the suspended bishops. They cannot re atom him, but they wish to tnumph in the choice of some one who maintains his divine right and per sonal innocence. The opposition desire a bishop who shall wit only be such a one as shall possess the New Testate, lit gratifications, but shall put an end to the evil practices and principles which have begun to pervail here in our churches. The debates will be stormy. beyond all doubt. I shall keep you advised of everything interesting. Our money market is still greatly distressed. Our largest houses are failing, and for enormous amounts. A caret factory at 'fhompsonville, the largest in the United States, has been stopped, its pwrietign having failed for a million and a half of dollars. The banks are afraid to discount while specie is Waving us in such vast amounts, and pro missory notes cannot be turned into money any longer. One half per cent. per day is freely paid in Wall-street for the we of money. This state of things is truly disastrous, and we see no end to it at present. Great dismay prevails among our monied circles in consequence. The Prraident has returned to Washington, and Lord lquin to Canada. Our weather continues to be fine. A3IEIIICUS. WEST INDIES. The following interesting letter, bearing date King,ton, Jamaica, Sept. 11, appeared in a morning paper yehterday : the American steamer Illinois arrived here early this !Doming; shortly after, the Brother Jonathan came in. While running up the harbour the latter vessel unfortu nately CAW' in collision with a watermab's boat, which was inumbeted and sunk. There were at the time of the acci dent taii men in the bout; one sank with it, and was not again sen, while the other, in endeavouring to escape t like late, had his left leg broken by . the paddle wheel. Between the two steamers there are sex hundred and fifty passengers. A military court-martial had been sitting at I.lp-Park l'amp —one of the military stations—investigating charges brought by Lieut.-Colonel Abbott, the commanding wafter of the Third West India Regiment, against Captain Mills, leis paymaster. The charges were for breach of discipline, and endeavouring to bring his commanding officer into disgrace Ullll contempt, by propagating, or aiding in the propagation, of the most heinous and un founded charges against him. The court-martial, after a sitting which extended neer two weeks, was brought to • conclusion • few days since ; but no decision has been pr - nouuceol. In the interim, the evidence taken has been sent bone to the proper authorities. The intelligence neeived in tins city concerning the descent of the filibuster°. on Cuba. and their subsequent fate, has created some sensa tion. A portion of the press of Kingston has spoken out on the subject, and has taken the same view of the matter as the .4 hig journals of New York. Popular feeling is in favour of the Cubans. The Illinois brought some addi tional intelligence, to the effect that Lopez, and almost all of his tnisgueded follower'', had been captured by the Spa nish troops, and that Lopes had been garroted—thus un timely clewing his existence on this side of the tomb by his rashness and temerity, as well as being the unfortunate cause of the lon of much valuable life. The island is, gene rally epeakine, healthy now. There are some localities, however, in the interior of the island, where cholera still lingers, though its virulence has greatly abated. The wet. OAT is very cool and salubrious, and frequent showers of rain have fallen within the last few days. There is no very oinking dean?... in the commercial intelligence, prices con tinuing at very nearly the rame ratio. • We hare received the Bermuda Herald, Royal Ga Yr and Bermudian, to the Bth inst. The Gicette of the 2nd inst. says : We cmignitulate the good people of St. Georges on the early completion of the c ha nne l leading into their fine har bour, a. communicated by Colonel Alexander, WE. to his Eseellency the Governor, and by his Excellen c y l a id before the llotot of Auembly. There are, it seems, but two small shoals, ueer which there are at present 171 feet of water to be deep tied, when there will be a uniform depth of 18 feet at low watt r throughout the channel, which is 60 feet wide. We hove had some very copious and very seasonable showers of rain during the past week, and a most agreeable change in the atmosphere. The thermometer, which had ranged very high during the whole of the month of August, suddenly fell 11 degrees between noon of Tuesday and Werleie,day last, and has not exceeded 80 degrees is height since. NICARAGUA. We hare dates ft;;;.;ivarafins7to the 2nd instant. Senor Montenegro, who was chosen director subsequent to the;expui.ion of l'ineda, by the Timbuco, or servile fastioa, died a sew days after that revolutionary act. Senor nabs Chanuora, under the title of General, is now at the Wad et • that party but it is not known that any one has been cam, din the place of Montenegro. This party holds Gre nada and Managua, and has a force of about a hundred men stationed at the latter The liberal., en the other hand, have named Senor Abanza, senior senator, provinciel director. They have tae archive. and the army, and hold the capital, Leon, sal the . City of Chivendaga. lhe army under General Manse wen ' at Lion. about SOO strong, but preparing to march on Are. ' nada. Ilse liberal provisional government boa been reeeg aised the national congress. Mr. Kerr United State Charge d'Atfairs, has not presented his credentials, as was reported by the last arrival. He was informed upon reach ing Leon, that by the federal contract, the foreign and dip. lomatic relations of Nicaragua bad been transferred to the federal government. This was done by decree bearing data on the Jib of ISSI, at which time the fact wee comma. nitatial to all foreign agents in the country. The federal government was organised, it will be remembered, at this e. in accordance with the pact signed by the representa tives of liondorna, San Salvador, and Niters/ma. Novem ber S, IMP. Although all this was done long before Mr. Merr's arrival, anal before his appointment, and had been Cbliel] proclaimed, yet he does not seem to have taken it pea Pat as a thing impossible to be avoided. It Is maid be toot the occasion to address a note to the government, which is nut likely to have a conciliatory iIIitUPIC• on the country • but the very reverse. He is now in Leos, there. Site, literally without occupation. Mr. Wilde, representing the Canal Company, arrived • little before the recent disturbances, end after the espahisa et Sr. l'ineda, concluded a new contract with Montenegro. Against this contract, the government at Leon has Limed a formal protest, declaring it null in all its parts. The tenor of the new contract is to separate the transit privileges of the old charter from the canal, taking all that is vsluable, and leaving the canal to its fate. The entire matter now depends, it would seem, upon the success of the govern ment at Leon. If that prevails, it is likely all the contracts will be revoked, and the whole canal question again thrown open. That Altana* will succeed hardly admits of doubt, as pent) Oily the other states of the federation will feel bound to interfere in his favour, after having recognised authority. CUBA. _ • _ ----- We learn from Havana that a large number of American prisoners taken with Lopez have been sent to Spain. Some few yet remain in prison, and a few more have been caught in the mountains. The British consul has distinguished himself by his hu mane attention to these unfortunate men, and has been publicly thanked by them. On the other hand, the American consul has everywhere been denounced for his coldblooded diwegard for his fellow country- men. We often have inch fellows in office. This man is a Welshman. We have the Diario and other men to the 17th inst. from Havana, from which we translate some items : _ The Diario denies, in strong and indignant language, the alleged cruelties which were said to he inflicted upon the dead bodies of the st) Americans executed, and sap it is al a lie. They deserved everything alleged for their piracies and murders, but they were shot, it says, with decency and solemnity. We have a long account of Blumenthal, a sort of colonel in the expedition. lie is a Prussian, bora of a French family. Born a soldier, he was at the conquest of Algiers, passed thence to Poland, figured in the revolution there, went thence to Arabia under Mehemet Ali, served afterwards in the army of the Sultan; in 1847 went to France, then participated in the Hungarian revolution, was at Comorn under lalapka,afterwarth came to New York, giving lessons is langeages, passed thence to New Orleans, with letters to the Delta ultice, and finally got into the Filli buster cxpcditon. The llavannah papers are making very merry over the Fillibuster stories of victories that were , published in the United States, particularly over the stories ' that came from New Orleans. The captain-general has been making a brief visit of congratulation to the people residing on the scenes if the recent fights. lie and others went to recompense the faithful and the brave, and to thank the ilefeaders of the island. The army have been especially app,auded fur the loyalty and courage they dis played. Preparations are making in all parts of the island to take care of, provide for, and reward the families of the soldiers killed in the engageme..ts, and for the wounded soldiers also. There appears to ho the greatest enthusiasm and devotion on the part of the Creoles to the government, which has saved them from the "liberty " the Americans threatened to give them. There were numerous fetes and celebrations in different parts of the island, in honour of the defeat of the invaders, and the glory of Spanish arms. One at Villa Clara is particularly noted for its enthu siasm. Tranquillity . is entirely restored—confidence in the security and invincibility of the government seems to be greater than ever—and whatever dissatisfaction there may be, there is not the least appearance of it on the surface of society. The Creoles seem to be particularly prominent in their expressions of gratification. A solemn Te Deum was chanted on the 10th in the cathedral, in consequence of the success of the Spanish arms. What the Nati , mal Intelligeseer and Republic said on Cuban affairs, and of the course of the United States government, has been particularly noted and commented upon in Cuba, as showing the feelings and dispo.itioa of the President and his cabinet. All bad feeling against the people of the United States seems to be subsiding, and the Fillibuster movement seems to be attributed now in Cuba to the der perate and reckless classes of men who got it up. Nearly 80,090 dollars had been contributed in Havana for the re lief of the f unifies of those killed and wounded in battles with the Lopez party. At a benefit at the '1 aeon 'Theatre over 8,000 dollars were realised. Oa the 9th a grand Te Deum was performed at the cathedral in honour of the de ceased. On the same day the troops were reviewed, and Oeuend Concha decorated many of the participants in the late engagements. It may be as well to say in this place that further and sufficient proof has reached this country from Havana, to establish the fact that the bodies of the Americans who were shot there were grossly and infamously mutilated. The Spanish minister in Lon don is therefore mistaken. INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORE, SEPT. The demand for government stocks and other leading returnees has been arm during the week past, and all offering p ace met with reedy buyers. Speculative stocks have undsrgone con thictustion, hut cells • ithout notch alteration from previous pekes. The demand for foreign exchange per :Clams, has been (mind, but with a moderate supdly of bills, rates have been steady. We quote bills on London at IKt to 1101; Paris, X. 121 to 3.111 Amsterdam, 4%f to 411 ; Hamburg. 341 i to 261 ; Bremen, 784 to 713 t. The M.iney Market has sensibly felt the want of ix nadeem credits, caused by the stoppage of several houses on Monday. At this time, when there ts a (avert.( excitement about the future comistion of financial attain, the loin tf mercantile is to be deplored. The firms in question an re to a large extent, unfor tan arty impleated in their liabilities with a large auction house, width failed last spring. To-day money could be obtained upon un questionable awes or moceptanes, without any advance In the rates of Interest; but on paper, and indeed for such other securities where there is a shadow of doubt, the difficulties of oneouation are increased by the reports which have spread far and wide, invoising the standing of many of our Won arms. OCend. 11. B. 8 per omit. 1814 1)1 to 1841 Ditto Coupon, 1832 Ditto 1387 Ditto tea Ditto ItKA, Coupon r. S. 3 per act, 1813 SEPT. 23. &nee the departure of the 'treater Asia, a fortnight sine, the It .or marts t has no:stained in a quiet state. The wants for home u•e, together with a moderot • export demand, bat been balcient to pre vent any .tecumdation of stock, and hao enabled bulge's to be micro. bly flrm .t toy quotaionv, which, es will be perceived, are 15, e. per bbl 100 011 good elute brand,. The old cart o Wrotrm and Suer horn More Is about exhausted, and the doily supplies are non horn new, or 0143 ground old wheat. Of Canadian, in heed, the stock is reduced to abort 3000 or 1,0011 bh6a, alarm portion of which is out of condition, and also about 40,1140 behels of clod. Fuca.—Th e receipts ere quite moderate for the mown of the year, rad an yet are chiefly of Mate brands. The elwing to are 3 dos. 73e. to s dots. 811 c. for fair to good state ; dole 61e. to 3 dole. 73e. tor Mixed Weetern; 3 dots. 870. to 4 dots. tr. Ohio; 4 dole. 114 e. to 4 dote. ne. for pore Genesee, unbar /meted ; andMio. No. 2, 3 dol. tri 3 dole. 3b .• sour. a dais. 23c. to 3 dcs. Sik.; Cinadian in hand, 4 dole. tfonthern ' brand. range from 4 duls. to 4 dole. 2 tor old and new ital. timer., Alexan Iris, fieorgetowth Brandywine. &c. Kee Sour Is seam at 3 6.15. 378 e. Corn meal is wanted nt 3 d015.124c. for Jersey, and 3 dole. 23c. to $ dole. 37 tie, for Brat lywine. Gnus. —For wheat the market is quite unsettled, the article being rinendly held Mime the Moss of the miller.. About 150,000 bushels ham been cleared at the Cuitowithouie 'for foreign eupoet) within the lost two weeks. Good Geniess stay be quoted at 9;c. to 102 e. Canadian in bind ha. been KU At 85c to 9ne. • Ohio, 7sc. to n;c, ; Michigan, 90e. to 91e. Oats are mill: g at 31 to 38 for Northern. Barley, ;oe. to 74c. Rye is saleable at 7. c. to ;le. Indian corn, for tilling tontracta matuiing this month and for home one, has been in mod,rate supply, and wi•h • good demand, prices eh .nge but little. Mixed Wedeln, of sound condition, brings 39e. to non, and round yellow 610. - Correa. —The market is inactive in consequence of the light stock Mitring. Priem hoverer, are arm, and have. upon the whole. an upward tendency. The sales to-day amount to 1150 bale.,main the Wm of the last three days 2,00 0 baler. Nothing further has been elicited respecting the forthcoming cr . 9., and at this early period of the IleS•012 all cticualions of the extent or t he = 9 nae tt nt to nothing. We continue yesterday's quotation.. AtMnde Other Pore. ....._ , °Sir's,. OuU Poets. Inferior7l7l Ord. to good ord. I to 81 ._ 81 to 9 ... 81 to If Mid. to irod mid. ... 01 to 10 ... 94 to 104 ... 91 to 101 ?addling fair tofair... 101 to 101 ... II to 111 ... nominal. Fully fair to good isir .- nominal. AStlill. —M.derate Wend Pots at S dots. 61e. to 5 dots. 121 e., and of 1 Pearls at S dots. 30e. to siSols. 361 e. Sto/41114 —With • moderato demand from the trade, we ham so thongs to ruts Is prima The mks for the last three days imbrue 1,000 Mitts Cuba, et 41 to 31; 800 ditto Porto Rico, at 45 t 064 dolt. ; 200 Mao New Orlmaa at 41 toil; 1,010 Wass brown Hamm, at 3 to Si; 200 eks. Daub embed at 71 to 8. Correa-11m dillomad is bat moderate, but the ;market coothusa firm, without dump be Lima Mthe 1,000 bans Ma 81 to 9; 300 dam Ala m, 111 11 ; /10 ditto Lemma, 9 1 to 91; DM ditto barsesite. el le le; 110 b. bandage. 71 to S. Metaffes.—The nisi be no bet three days are : iM birle. Cube (part he desellete: le 0; 100 duo Muscavado, at 28 to LI; di lid taa Toole at MIA Beene.—Wm orb Wm of No. 1 nutmegs. at 911 to 93; aim% s 0 to 90; wen 31 to 112; dome, 18 to 181; *Mato, Id; per=elig e r w pr ma rape, to 141. min a an. num pork ham ben beds at 13 della Ma 1 • IB deb 41%7:nu ditto, 13 dole. In best ro. sans want abierades— 3 dots. to 11 dole.; prier ditto. dole. le dab. Lard, gbh to Nava& Prosee.—llas last its of r. ugh turpoalimo is. at 11 Ye., hut the market is dell. Spirits of ow be queen at 331 to 34a Wiliaton re•la, I dot. e. dewed; No. 1 Mlles 2 dole. to Utak, inording to quality. snare.—Donelie 1,10407_1m rather dull today; tew seise et hen& wen nen et 2111 to NI e. The ca The Win bendy, iss., Is dna at bet treet's prisa bales of sta have bees dm% the inns{ bee we Necked ebb bevy bean which rose llbs blew the asst et lespatend. lee bees of Well's /dump en sold et Ilan in NI a. bed. /list* Ms We la end dimend nein Eu den Ides sem ad* he We ineln perms elate, le tin tbegaran • TO•610.16-41i1 inn nip sin el We. Ideennir, at Si to 9; lesesefin i• 11; IS been Kenn 111 is 771. 114 ditto Cleedenes: le Wes Omedion seedbed an 23 st 22e. Wen—lbei boded elm en in stneine se in =n sibs be deibille et bedge been Ni snap erit et linirelL awl alma dee behis Ilisdnineesis Red Orlon wean One bee ben bet lino deb& Sea el Ni aben nee te two w el Ni Input engenes elmseemed.seemed.Tie ealy hat tab el Ind wane. Ito dennl Innen be e. " a middies pin Damen Laos en pond weeds ere beirasiesebteree. erneldisee Ise ill disables= node as pee wenme On—W. ken be. to seta rake this yen eta small lot nested be bagbad sit 42e. Tbe essel.et is my but. 191mutames.-9fe astemein et 24,009 lbs. rent ear export at 35a, mad 1000 iba eery framakt eerth-wert lama pert Lie his en et 830. Dams we doll. We alb Wes fur mere N 79 babe beilese ear eapartlis at Ilia OP 1 3 2tir. la Mad; Mee be. Mareesibo tonal imam sad ems Wa s e l bees. 1 , 221011 TS am ;MIL den le tabs St ed. to t o rt 10.°Vto eireermlneesi pen x; elan UM. deed 4 10 Loodaa—iml, le. ; assn. Mai treeereemn 33a. to 31s. To 011eupw—dear, la ed.; to Cellbeen Me. to TAMAR SILTIZ LEAD MINING COMPANY.—The annual meeting of this company was held yesterday, at the °Mee in Salvador House, Bishopsgate-street, 0. B. Carr, Esq., in the chair. The report was read, which stated that the cost of the mine for the last twelve months was 17,6071. 55., and the returns 18,613/. ifs. 10d., leaving • profit of 1,0381. 91. 9d., to which must be added the balance at the last annual meeting of 2,5331. 95., and the reserve fund of 2,2991. 14s. 3d., making the assets 6,1761. 1 . 25. 6d. The mine was in a better condition than at any other period, and a most important discovery had been made at the 203 fathom level, where in one pitching 42 tons of ore had been produced in one month. One unfavourable fea ture of the report was the probability of a serious loss I through some bills of the smelting tstablishment, on which, however, some dividend might be realised. The Chairman moved the adoption of the report. Mr. Birdseye seconded the motion. He advised the continuation of the smelting works, by which he contended they saved at least 2,0001. a year. Mr. P. Johns= said their smelting works were in sash a state now as would lead to a prohtable working. Mr. Barclay thought with the prospect of a probable lon of 6,00 W through the smelting bills there was no likelihood of a dividend. The Chairman thought that question had better remala over a little longer till the fate of these bills was known. The report was then agreed to, and after a vote of thous to the chairman the meeting adjourned. EXHIBITION TRAINS ON TILE EASTERN OWN TIEs.—This company's excursion trains last Monday con veyed upwuds of live thousand persons from the eastern districts. THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 7, 1851. WEST INDIES. PIT ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.] SOUTHAMPTON, Tura°Ar MID-DAT. The Clyde has just arrived with the West Indian and Mexican mails. 11cr dates are—Vera Cruz, Sept. 6th; Chagres, 9th ; Jamaica, 13th ; Demerara, 11th; Trinidad, 11th; St. Thomas's, 18th. Amongst her cargo is specie to the amount of about 600,000 dollars, of which about 40,000 dollars arc on account of Mexican dividends. Among her passengers are Sir William Colebrook and family, from Ilardoes. From Demerara we learn that the Governor was at Berbiee. The Court of Policy was to assemble on 22nd of September, when the plan of reform laid before the Court by the governor on the 25th of August, will be brought forward and considered. The commercial news from Jamaica is, that the produce market is quiet. Sugars are low ; the finer qualities are scarce. lium is plentiful, and inactive. The new crop of pimento is being taken oft; but the market as yet is lightly supplied. A smart shock of au earthquake was felt at Trini dad on the 9th Sept. AUSTRALIA. THE NEW HOLLAND GOLD DIGGINGS. By the arrival of the Thomas Arbuthnot we arc put in possession of Sydney papers as late us the 9th of June ; and though this does nut appear to be later than previous advices, the accounts are much fuller, and a better picture is afforded of the actual position of the gold diggings than has yet been presented to the English reader, the more especially as great attention was being paid to the obtaining of accurate intelligence, for which purpose parties hadlieen specially commissioned to proceed to the diggings by the journals and private individuals. On Suuday even ing, the Ist of June, Mr. Hardy, the government com missioner, arrived at the Summerhill Creek, Bathurst, whilst a patty of mounted police encamped at Swallow Creek, and followed to the diggings on Monday. Mr. Hardy, with much good judgment, did not press the diggers who were without means for the immediate payment of the license fee, but gave them a week for the purpose and of fered to take the amount in gold dust. The variety of coa tames at the diggings is stated to immediately attract the attention of the visitor. The poorer classes, generally speaking, work in their usual apparel ; others add to it a blue serge shirt and a California hat. Those who are in better circumstances will be found with strong moleskin trousers, blee serge shirt, warm woollen comforter, California hat, belt, and a pair of strong leather leggings ; others again, instead of leggings, will be found with waterproof boots, reaching from six to nine inches above the knee. These who desire to be more conspicuous than others will be seen with scarlet serge shirts. One party from Sydney was dressed in a very singular fashion, his appearance presenting some slight re semblance to that of a Spanish brigand he wore a close scarlet lambswool shirt, a rough brown jacket, buckskin breeches, with boots reaching a little above the knee, a slouched hat, and a belt, front which dangled a pocket pistol on one side, a dirk on the other, and a cartridge pouch be hind. This constituted his working dress, the jacket only being thrown off when the weather was warns. The fierce ness of the aspect of this individual, however, was pro bably owing to his Californian reminiscences, as the wheel of fortune had previously carried him to the American El Dorado. The appearance of the timer part of the creek, about eight or nine o'clock in the evening, states an eye witness, is very singular, and would form a good study for a painter. The rows of tents and gunyahs of every descrip tion, with largo blazing fires, and knots of human beings flitting before them, have a very unique effect. The shouts and laughter of the boys, mingled with occesional discharges of firearms, give additional singularity to the scene, which when viewed from the high abrupt ranges, has something rather unearthly about it. In the day time the swarms of human beings rocking cradles in the bed ;of the creek, and the intensity of attention with which they pursue their work, show that the diggers possess in a strong degree , the qualities of energy and perseverance. Many will be seen there who never before performed a day's hard work in their lives now strenuously working with the pick, shovel, and crowbar, lifting heavy stones, carrying over stony roads buckets heaped with soil containing the golden deposit, or working the rockers, being at the tiii.e soaking wet up to or above their knees. Great order and unanimity prevail, a little bantering occasionally diversify ing the scene, whilst all seem in good spirits, ' kept alive by their golien hopes, which, how ever, in numberless cases, end in disappointment. During the last three days, the number of persons who had arrived at Bathurst en route to the diggings was estimated at no less than fifteen hundred ; independent of this, numbers were daily wending their way by other route., so that in the course of a month it was thought there would be at least 10,000 persons on the ground, even allowing a heavy margin for those who might leave. As regards the weather, which may reasonably be ex pected to have an important influence on the yield, it is stated that for the last four nights the cold had been ex ceedingly severe, although in the day time the sun shone brightly. Some of the diggers were working in a mizzling sleety rain, whilst in other parts of the neighbourhood a heavy fall of snow had taken place ; so that many were already beginning to wish for their comfortable beds and warm firesides, and were anxious to regain the genial winters to which they had been accustomed at Sydney. Residents in Bathurst, whose incomes were limited, were suffering most severely from the high price of provisions. Flour ruled at 50e. per 1001 b. ; mutton and beef had risen 25 per cent.; sugar, 100 per cent. ; tea, 50 per cent. ; and every description of shop goods was exorbitantly high. Two tons of flour had just been put up for sale by public auction, and were bought in at 40!. per ton. Teams laden with leer were constantly passing through Bathurst to the dig and a great many were on the road from Syduiy, Wen with the same commodity. She force in the neighbourhood for the preservation of eider and punishment of offenders is ridiculously small, 10 that the more satisfaction is to be felt at the harmony and quietude that prevailed, especially as nearly every rlicis well armed. Increase in the Bathurst police force amounted to eleven men, including two aboriginal natives. Eighteen mounted men went up to the gold field with Mr. Hardy, eight of whom had since returned to the barracks at Ba thurst. Ten mounted men had arrived in the town from the Sydney-road, so that the disposable force at this side of the country, exclusive of the small parties of theconstabulary at Orange, Wellington, Career and aludgee, amounted to between fifty and sixty men, one half of whom were mounted. The accounts from Orange report exceedingly cold and boisterous weather. which had brought many people from the diggings, some to sell the fruits of their labour and others from their inability to stand the exposure. Many persons are described as being very fortunate. A well-sinker named Foote obtained 400/. worth, and a blacksmith had been even more fortunate. An Orange innkeeper had pur chased 331., the labour of three men for a week, and they were understood to have in their possession as much more. The shopkeepers wcte purchasing the gold freely, and one had on hand nearly 1001. worth. Here measures were being taken to supply provisions at more reasonable rates, the distance front the workings being only one-third of that to Bathurst. It was rumoured that two companies of the military were to be barracked in this loca lity, but nothing had as yet been seen of them. Many of the land speculaton were already on the qui rice, and it was intended to make immediate application to govern men: to have surveyed and put up to sale the remaining allotments in the township; whilst several persons who had land adjoining were about cutting it up into sections for immediate sale. A blacksmith had just returned from the diggings with some three or four and twenty ounces after a fortnight's labour, but the weather and the work were too much for him, and he intended, for some time at least, to follow his usual business. Parties were still in course of formation in many districts, though numbers were return ing in disappointment. One gentleman, a large holder of pro perty, was intending to at once cpen a store in the valley, with every sort of thing requisite, " from a needle to an anchor, prohibiting all persons from searching for gold on his estate, and establishing a township on it. Few cases of violence at the diggings hart been heard of, but it was scarcely to be expected that this would continue. In one case summary and exemplary punishment was in flicted by two young men on a dishonest comrade, who was entrusted with the sale of some gold at Bathurst, and made a false return ; and this made the place •• too hot to hold him." A few petty robberies of mining implements, &c., were also now and then heard of. Much improvidence was manifested by the most successful parties, a case of luck Ming instantly made Inc of to replenish the kegs, and en joy a few days " spree." The local papers see nearly full of advertisements of articles of dress, food, and otherwise of necessity to the visitor to the gold regions, whilst nearly every shopkeeper ON= to have become a purchaser of the produce of the irlfgres' labours. With a view to aspease the prevalent curiosity and present means of affording distant friends an actual view of the precious metal itself, one man very ob ligingly advertises " handsome specimens from the Ophir diggings," weighing 8, 10, 12, and 14 ounces. An order had been issued by the government for the pay ment of 5001. to Mr. Hargraves, as a reward for the infor mation given by him respecting the Bathurst gold field. At Ountburn the flattering accounts from the aurifer ous regions had produced a general desire to be " off," and had means been at hand it was thought halt the population would have deserted the place. The price of every con sumable article' had risen prodigiously ; flour was 301. per ton, and tea and sugar even higher than at Bathurst. Many persons who would otherwise have remained were actually compelled to start off in consequence of this rise. Soma of the large proprietors of stock had wisely offered on increase of wages to induce their servants to stop, and many had as wisely accepted the offer ; and this example, it was thought, the government would be compelled to follow to secure the services of the constabulary. Fears were entertained in many districts that the culti vation of the land would be veeriously interfered with by the prevalent excitement. Many farmers were rushing off from their avocations to try their luck at the diggings. lu ee t.A pezo y n i. wr g i th tinf f f tim rom e. ll th al e tlan to lslit a tha be t, d i nu f the mania population, as ever provisions oneias pargainvgauteedstwal:iiin The last few of daystru d Per o ceine. labour of say kind was scarcely procurable, and permanent engagements were quite out of the question. As noticed in our City article, the Thomas Arbuthnot has brought a considerable quantity of the precious metal, beinf the first of the Australian yield that has yet reached Irbe Court. BALMORAL, Ocr. 6. Her Majesty and Prince Albert went yesterday to the Balloch Bhiue. The royal dinner party yesterday included the Duchess of Kent and Lady Augusta Bruce. The Oxford University Commission met yesterday at the official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury, in Downing-street. Present—The Bishop of Norwich, the Dean of Carlisle, the Master of Pembroke, the Rev. H. G. Liddell, J. L. Dampier, Esq., the Rev. Professor Powell, the Rev. G. 11. S. Johnson, and the Rev. A. P. Stanley (secretary). Despatches from the Governor of New South Wales, and also from the Governor of South Australia, were received yesterday at the Colonial-office. M. Rogier, the Prime Minister of Belgium, ar rived at the St. Katherine's wharf yesterday morning, by the General Steam Navigation Company'sateam ship,lthiue, from Ostend. DEATH OP LORD STAFFORD.—Wo record with regret the demise, at Hampton Court, on Saturday, of the venerable Lord Stafford, in his Mat year. George William Stafford Jerniugham, the deceased peer, succeeded his father as 7th baronet in 1809, and succeeded in establish ing his right to the ancient Barony of Stafford, after the reversal, in 1821, of the attainder of the unfortunate Sir William Howard Viscount Stafford, beheaded in 1678. His lordship assumed, in 1826, the additional surname of Staf ford. Ile is succeeded by his eldest son Henry Valentine, now Baron Stafford, who is married to a niece of the Duke of Norfolk. DEATH OF VISCOUNT BOLINGBROKL—We regret to announce the decease of Viscount Bolingbroke, which took place on Wednesday last at the residence of his daugh ter, the Hon. Mrs. Shaw, near Elgin, N.B. The deceased, Henry St. John, fourth Viscount Bolingbroke and fifth Viscount St. John, was born in March,l7B6, and succeeded to the titles on tho death of his father in 1821. In 1812 he married Maria, daughter of Sir Henry St. John Mildmay, who died in 1836. Lord Bolingbroke was in the habit of spending a portion of almost every season in the north for ninny years. This year he took his accustomed trip, in his usual health; but while spending a few days in Sutherland shire he had a severe attack, which seriously affected the nervous system. Ile was ultimately conveyed to the resi • deuce of his daughter. A second attack completely pros [rated him, and on Wednesday he breathed his last. His eldest son, Henry St. John, who succeeds hint as filth Viscount Bolingbroke and sixth Viscount St. John, was born iu 1820. THE DUKE DE NEMOURS AND LORD LONDONDERRY. The following letter has bun called forth by some expressions in Lord Londonderry's recent correspondence with the French President on the liberation of All-el- Kotler : TO TUE EDITOR OF TIIE MORNING POST. Sir,—lt was not till yesterday that the Marquis of Lon donderry's letters, printed in your journal of the 4th inst., came to my knowledge through the medium of the translations of them which are given in the French and Belgian papers. I find that Lord London derry, nut content with !slaying the easy part of champion of Ahd-el-Kader's liberation, has thought this a Cling octillion to turn aside and insult the memory of my father, the late King Louis Philippe, and my brother, the Duke d'Aumale. I leave to the unprejudiced and right- thinking the tusk of judging this mode of performing a ge nerous service by directing gratuitous attacks against a prince and an exile, and against a king who has died in a foreign land, and whose hospitality the assailant has more than once accepted. But at the same time I formally de clare here that these attacks are calumnious, and, strong in the honour of my house, I repel them here in its name, with the same contempt with which I regard the assurances of pity and Receive, Sir, the Claremont, October 5, ISSI. which accompany them. nee of my highest consideratia LOUIS D'ORLEAN S. DRAMA. ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. The wonderful little Ilateneans almost exhausted their rep erluire yesterday evening, for the benefit of Ellen, the younger sister. The performances commenced with the trial scene from the " Merchant of Venice," and it is not too much to say, that that Lilliputian sprite, Ellen, over came all the difficulties of age, and size, and sex, in giving a bold and vigorous representation of the merciless Jew. The reading was Kcan's to the letter, but the imitation had all the vitality of an original. Kate, who although not quite such a genius as her sister, is still an exceedingly clever child, recited the celebrated mercy speech with good emphasis and discretion, and was loudly applauded. What shall we say of Ellen's performance of Billy Lackadny, in the second piece ? It was as drolly lackadaisical 'as ever Liston made it, with the additional ele ment of fun arising front the tiny stature of the performer. Billy cried, and the audience laughed throughout the entire piece ; and at the conclusion, the former was greeted with such a shower of bouquets, us to require a large basket to bear the floral honours safely or the stage. The third piece was Clara Fisher's favourite piece of the " Four Mowbrays," the elder Bateman taking, for the first time, the principal character. It was an ex ceedingly creditable and vivacious performance, and was fully appreciated by the audience. A full and fashionable attendance indicated the high estimation in which these gifted little sisters are held by the public. THE STRAND THEATRE. A new piece, in one act, of anonymous paternity, justly described as " a bagatelle," was produced at this little theatre yesterday evening. It is entitled "The Alderman's Gown; or, a Trip to Paris ; " deriving its origin, as well as its 1131112 e, from the continental visit of the City corporation in cunnexion with the Exhibition. Alderuuoi Bury, of Candlewick-ward (Mr. Tilbury), dis embarks at Boulogne with his daughter Mary Burg (Miss Maskell). After sundry objurgation of the discomforts of the voyage, and wonderiogs how the City will get on during his absence, the alderman, when about to prepare for a ball at the hotel do Ville, given by the local authurities, is terri fied by discovering that his luggage has been exchanged at the Custom-house, and that he has become the possessor of an old lady's dress instead of his own civic robes. The alderman's gown is found in the portinanteau of Mr. Augustus Fitz/coward (Mr. Alfred Davis), a gentleman who, it turns out, has fled from England before his creditors, but who had previously become a clandestine suitor of Miss Bury. Harry hlardup (Mr. Morton) a vegetating rote:, is introduced, for no particular purpose except that of listening to Fitzhoward's story and borrowing his last sovereign. The alderman is mightily cha grined at the discovery of his loss, especially as it precludes his attendance at the ball; but the case is met by the inven tiveness of his daughter, who suggests that he should assume the anile habiliments substituted for his robes of office and present himself in them at the festivity. This suggestion is acted upon, and the whole merit of the piece, as put on the stage, consists in the farcical grimacing and positions of Mr. Tilbury. At the bull the old lady is danced by the prefect of police (Mr. Moreland) out of her senses, and the assumed airs of the supposed dame are as comical as such things can be. In the end an actual lady in the room, Mr.. Alderman Tinakins, recog nises her own garments on the person of the disguised alderman, and loudly claims them as her property--a state of things which leads to the wearer's im mediate arrest. Pending all this, Mr. Augustus Fitz/award has been plotting a secret union with the alderman's daughter, and in the furtherance of this object assumes the alderman's gown. lie appears in the ball-room, rescues his intended father-in-law, and, by a process known only in farces of the broader kind, becomes the accepted of both the alderman and his daughter, the principal condition being that he is never to say a word about the assumption of feminine attire. The dialogue is by no means sprightly, and Mr. Tilbury's physiognomy was apparently the only saving characteristic. When the curtain tell the hisses certainly prepouderated over the applause. The house was well filled. THE HUNGARIANS IN LONDON yesterday attended mass in commemoration of the events of the 6th of October, or as the handbill explained, in memory of the defenders of constitutional liberty in Hungary, who, after the surrender I of the Hungarian army to the Russians, were put to death by Austrian executioners. Their honoured names are dear to the lovers of liberty founded on law :—Count Louis Batthyanyi, Prime Minister; Count Ladislaus Csanyi, Minister of Commerce • Baron Sigismond l'erenyi, Presi dent of the House of Peers • Baron Jeszenak, Lord Lieute nant of the county of Nzitni; Baron Szatavay, Member and Secretary of the diet ; Prince Woronyieczky, Prince Czernns, Councillor of State; Major Muroran, Major Abancourt. Pri soner. of war, given up by Russia to the Austrian execu tioners, and hanged or shot at And on the 6th October, 1819 :—General Aulieh, Minister of War • Lieut.-General Ernest Kiss, General Damianich, General Nagy Sandor, General Dessewffy, General Count Leiningen, cousin of her sty Queen Victoria; General Count Vecsey, General Torok, General Lahr,,r, General Baron Poltenberg, Gene ral Kncsicb, General Schveidl, General Count Lazar, Colonel lissincry. THE MURDER AND SUICIDE AT CAMBERWELL. — red from the effects oAannSavtau.rdocetyt,evweoh(Mglix,ievoarrenthtelyreurdisserrotedustahtat.t Mar y her maniacal parent, had sunk and expired recovering, but so slowly as to re n de r of the injuries received—bat on inqulr: ex t .e l u as n a witness at the ad journedh thatechshreegr a duallyr doubt fulned assembled in the Wyndham-roaff, aontiplaus to the On weed n bl m e g roundless,atter najgead nth: number iri of pe rsona but the funeral, Impression that the of the Inquest. un til after the close iu mam to .o4 y th uk upd o s e fte e p t ui rtio, oibitasith‘ti'issovwflaJoulduldettoodtzlitintna,rrYil ilitlE GREAT EXHIBITION. THIS DAY. The tido of visitors which set in yesterday con tinues to flaw „ . liminished, if not at a greater rate. Not withstanding a driz.le in the morning, by ten o'clock there more persons than usual, and by were several thousann . noon the unexam pled nut: ber of 74,302, being 10,14 , 5 more mber at the same hour was than yesterday, when the 64,1.17. The consequence of this gam' of persons has been that the police, at their wits'-end, set in action at twelve o'clock the system of driving the public in a circle rOund the galleries, to the general annoyance. The visitors, being I driven iu each part of the galleries in one direction, that is to say, westward in the south gallery, and eastward in the north gallery, have not the means of getting up or down, or going to any part of the building except by going round, iu some cases, a dis tance of 600 us 700 yards, or three furlongs. This must be done even to see the other side of a case; and those engaged in the examination of a particular department in which there are two rows of eases, have to walk idly a mile and a half round the rest of the building. This is the sys tem which was tried two months ago, and given up on the remonstrances of the Daily Sews. There is no necessity for it, as a current up one side of the eases and down the other, would equally effect the object. Even in parts of the building unobstracted the police impeded persons from examining the cases. At 1 o'clock the storm continued unabated, though sharper rain had come on, but towards 2 o'clock it brightened up. The great fact in yesterday's history of the Great Exhibition, is, that the number of visitor; far exceeded the problematical 100,000 upon which so much speculation has been raised, and so many bets have been laid since the open ing. The rush commenced at the earliest possible hour, and the attack was made simultaneously onall the entranees. At the eastern gate, the police had to warn away a portion of the crowd; and at the wester°, the numbers entering far exceeded anything seen by the officials since the opening. The south transept was comparatively the freest, but at all and every one the click of the money-takers' cheek-tables was incessant throughout the day. The progress and growth of this mighty crowd will not be deemed uninterest ing. The numbers were, up to Eleven o'clock.... Twelve „ 61,157 One „ Two „ Three „ Five „ Being an increase of nearly 40,000 on the highest pre sinus number of the season, and probably the greatest num ber of human beings ever congregated under one roof. Hundreds paid their money and went in, but, deterred by the enormous pressure within, retired almost immediately. Others, more determined, pushed through the dense masses in the transept, to find comparatively free circulation in the side passages and the lower ends of the naves. We ourselves struggled to the lower end of the foreign nave and found that then, at three o'clock, there was ample room for promenading and inspection. The excitement at Hyde park was reciprocated on the Stock Exchange, where bet ting ran high as the numbers increased, and the telegraph was kept incessantly in motion for the purpose of trans mitting the numbers. A great many persons of distinction were seen to mingle with the crowd, among others the Duke of Wellington, who arrived about 4 o'clock, and was much cheered and followed by the visitors. The police numbers were 107,815, and the receipts were 5,1731. 16s. The following shows the temperature yesterday, as re corded by Mr. Bennett's thermonuters, being the MUM result of 100 readings :-10 o'clock, 5.5 ; 12 o'clock, 61; 2 o'clock, 68 ; 4 o'clock, 67 ; 6 o'clock, 64. Mean tempera ture, 63.6. Barometer 29.7 at 1 o'clock. The following statistics of the Great Exhibition will, we doubt not, be found interesting :—The income of the establishment has been as follows up to the present date Public subscriptions, 61,314/. ; privilege of printing, 3,2001.; privilege of supplying refreshments. .5,5001.; amount re ceived for season tickets up to Ist May, 40,0001.; royalty of 2d. per copy on catalogues. Total funds in hand on the I,t of May, 113,041/. Amount received at the doors up to August 30, 252,141/. 91. 6:1.; ditto up to the end of ISeptember, 62,0071. 12s. ; ditto up to Saturday, Oc tober 4, 12,1284 Os. 6.1. Grand total, 439,3211. 2s. The liabilities incurred, so far as they have been at present ascertained, are as follows :—To Messrs. Fox and Henderson, for the building, 79,8001. ; to 1 Messrs. Munday tor rescinding of contract, 5,0001. ; extra galleries, counters, and fittings, 35,0001. ; management, in cluding printing, &c., up to May 1, 20,9131. ; police force, 10,000 l.; prize fund, 20,0001. Total, 170,7131. It is understood that the royalty to be paid by the Messrs. Spicer and Clowea will not be enforced, in consequence of the sale of the catalogues not having been as profitable as was anticipated. The expenses of management, gas, water, &c., will probably amount to 50,0001., and the sum likely to be received this week for admission will be at least 20,0001. This would bring the total income up to 460,0001., and the total liabilities to about 220,0001., leaving the very handsome balance in hand of 240,0001., or nearly a quarter of a million sterling. The total number of visitors up to Saturday was 5,517,238. MESSRS. BROADWOOD, the pianoforte manufac turers, have presented to the Royal Society of Musicians, the splendid grand pianoforte, in ebony case, which has attracted so much notice at the Exhibition. The sale of this instrument will doubtless realise several hundred pounds, and the funds of the society will thus again benefit, as they have on many former occasions, by the Messrs Broadwoods' liberality. A PUBLIC MEETING OF MERCHANTS, &C., ON THE EGYPTIAN QUESTION Will be held in the course of a few days, and will be very numerously and respectably at tended, as a number of merchants of the first standing in the City, members of parliament, retired officers, and others connected with India, are taking an active interest in the matter ; the announcement of the day fixed upon will pro bably appear in the course of to-morrow. THE FREEHOLD LAND MOVEMENT.—On Friday evening a numerous meeting was held, in the Temperance hall, Bolton, for the purpose of forming a local Freehold Land Society, of which Robert Heywood, Esq., one of the magistrates for the county, has consented to be president. The rules arc closely copied from those of the National Society, and several hundred shares were taken before the business concluded. Mr. Town Councillor Stockdale took the chair, in the absence of Mr. Heywood, who was in Lon don, and after a few excellent observations called upon Sir Joshua Walmsley, M.P. for the borough, to address the meeting. Sir Joshua on rising was received with great en thusiasm. He pointed out the great advantages that such institutions afforded to working men and others as a safe means of inswing their earnings, so that they at once acquired a handsome interest for their capital, and raised their own social position. lie characterised the movement as eminently conservative, and calculated to generate habits of prudence, industry and forethought, and especially urged upon shareholders the necessity of looking closely to the business of the society, for upon that its prosperity would depend. No class was more interested in the success of the movement than great landowners, manufacturers, and others, who bad a large stake in the country, for the man who had been induced to save his money to pur chase a 40s. freehold might be relied on as a strenu ous supporter of law, order, and the rights of property. lie detailed many instances of the admirable purchases made by the National and other societies, and concluded by urging their claims upon public support, stating his firm be lief that, notwithstanding the large purchases already made, the movement was yet only in infancy, and was destined to grow in magnitude and importance, and effect a large amount of national good. The Chairman then called upon Mr. James Taylor, of Birmingham, the founder of the movement, who spoke for more than an hour, explaining , the whole mechanism of such associations, and keeping his I audience in continued laughter by his clever descriptions of the sensations of a freeholder on giving his first vote, and feeling for the first time in his life that ho belonged to the proud and influential class of "landed proprietors."—Mr. , Slack, of London, then gave several illustrations of the monstrous electoral condition of the counties, as left by the Reform Bill, and said that the ridiculously un e q ual apportionment of members to electors was not , the result of accident, but of calculation, the objects having been to place the political power of the counties en , tirely in the hands of the great fa milies of the wing and to ry factions. He said it had been hinted that there was a desire to snake residence in the county a condition of the 40s. freehold franchise, but he believed that the people would not submit to such • measure unless it was more than compensated for by giving a vote to every lodger, as proposed by Mr. Hussies motion, and under such circum stances there could be no objection to the change. Mr. Slack concluded by adverting to the social advantages of the movement, which would remain long after its tem porary political expediency had passed avray. The meeting was then addressed by Messrs. Cunliffe, Ray, Richardson, and Donderdale, and separated after votes of thanks to Sir Joshua Walmsley, Mr. James Taylor, and the chairman. TUE LIBERATION OF KOSSUTII.—Among the re cently printed parliamentary papers was one showing that 42 memorials were presents 4 to her Majesty's go%ernment respecting the liberation of Kossuth and four petitions to the Horse of Commons. A REMONSTRANCE.-THE ADVERTISE- MENT TAX. (Fran the Ilastings and St. Lotmard's News.) The newspaper world has lately been considerably agitated with discussions upon the propriety of the stamp and advertisement duties. he press, which has helped to make so many free, is itself a captive. It has proved pow , erful for others, but almost powerless for itself. It is a fact that the mode in which the taxes are levied on ; newspapers is just that which favour's a large and influen tial journal, and presses heavily on the lesser. The whole system tends to encourage a monopoly where success has been attained, and to discourage the eff o rts o f the journalist famewl i m .o h r as ins t t o an str ec u , g t g h l e elli i s io a n a y y l to ,i„i.t emolument. hundcr.r of the al itle ni " nowspaper press, may have an advertisement covering a whole page—as was the case when the Post-ottlee memorial was advertised. its proprietor may receive a hundred guineas for the space, and sixty thousand copies may be struck off and circulated, or, if it were poss Pile, ten times the number. But what is the odvertiscinent duty? "Something handsome of course," imagines the uninitiated, in whose care are ringing the doleful outcries raised through out the land against the " taxes on knowledge." No such thing. Out of these one huudred guineas government re ceives a duty of eighteen•pence ! This is moderate enough certainly, and it argues a marvellous degree of humility for her Majesty's government to condescend to share so Meow siderable a portion of the golden prize. But let us look a little further. A governess wants a place. She inserts halt-a-dozen lines in the News. Some few hundred copies are struck off and circulated. The pro prietor receives three shillings and sixpence for his trou ble. What does the Board of Inland Revenue get out of that ? According to the scale on which they levied their duty on the hundred guinea advertisement in the Tinges, thirty-three of the aelvertisianenns would, in the aggregate bear a duty of one penny ! But the fact is that out of this petty sum of three-and-sixpence, the proprietor has to hand user eighteen pence to the collectors of the ad vertisement duty—the very same sum paid by the Times proprietor fur his leviathan order ! referring to our scale of charges, it will he seen that for the atonal insertion of a six-line advertisement we charm, three shillings, mid for the third and each following insertion only half a crown. Consider, gentle reader, that on all our half crown adver tisements more than half the money goes to the payment of the advertisement duty ! The Inland Revenue gets eighteen-pence, and the newspaper gets a shilling; and out of this shilling all the wear and tear of type, the interest on capital, and the cost of labour, have to he paid. Perhaps we may be told we ought to charge noire. But such a plan would only limit our custom, and bring us up too near the price of larger papers, which have nu more duty to pay than we have. This is out all the grievance. Such a tax, if levied with all the consideration and fairness " allowed by law" would still be obnoxious. But the fact is that the officials at Somerset-house appear to be animated by a suicidal desire to make the tax as uupopular us they possibly can, by levy ing it in the most harsh and arbitrary manner. They have a peculiar made of solving the question—" What is an advertisement ?" Sow months ago we were favoured with art iuteresting communication, informing us that if wo had the audacity to 211110 . 1 MM fashionable arrivals and de partures in u paragraph headed by the name of the hotel at which they took place, we slion!il be liable to a charge of advertisement duty iu consideration thereof, though Sumer tet-house must have known very well that we received no remuneration fur such announcements. A gracious permis sion was, withal, conceded to us, namely, that we might an nounce each arrival or departure separately without becom ing liable to a duty of eighteen-pence per item. These sepa rate items were to lie mercifully considered free. Happily for us, we had for some time adopted the plan of inserting tha items separately,—cousequently we smiled at the " tithing of mint, anise, and mana," cud put the official document on one side. A short time ago a contemporary, having re ceived a similar communication, nut being so well disposed to "put up" with such nonsence, made a noise about it; and the Daily Sews, likewise, put on an angry face upon the subject. The latter journal resolved to try the issue, and forthwith commenced publishing a short list of arrivals and departures, headed by the title of a distinguished hotel in London. The result remains to be seen. Still we have another "grievance" in store, far more serious in our estimation than the one just referred to, and certainly far more imporaut in its bearing upon the adver tisement revenue accruing to the Sews •aud provincial papers in general. Fur a lung time past we have been favoured with au advertisement from the office of a tire and insurance agent in the town of Hastings. For sumo months he advertised himself as agent to three different companies. At length he added another company to the list, and week by week the advertisement appeared. Once a month we receive a bill containing our " little ac count" with the Board of Inland Revenue in respect of ad vertisement duty. Of course, in the case of so unpopular and heavy a tax, we "look sharp" to see that we are nut charged twice over. To our surprise, a few days ago wo found ourselves charged with six advertisements more than we could account for. The apparent error was nut discovered till chair upon the tune when payment of the bill was required. We wished to detain the bill, in order to receive some explanation, hut dared not, the fol lowing ominous notice (the invariable custom) appearing at the Mot of the account : " N.B. The above duties are payable by law on the 28th of August, and unless they are discharged before the cud of the month of August, proceedings will be commenced in the Court of Exchequer for the recovery thereof, and also of may subsequent duties which shall then be payable by law." Under these " pressing circumstances " we paid the bill, and followed up the matter by asking for an explanation. We waited a few days, and then received the following as tounding answer: "Inland Revenue ' Somerset Rouse, Sept. 10, 18ril. " Stu,-1 have laid before the board your letter of tho 29th ult., requesting relief front an overcharge which you consider has been made in respect of advertisements in serted in the llastinys and St. Leonard's News of the 20th and 27th of June last. In reply lam directed to inform you that the advertisement alluded to has been charged with four duties in consequence of it relating to four dif ferent Fire and Life Insurance Offices, and as it refers to four distinct interests, the assessment in four duties is per fectly correct —I am, sir, your obedient servant, THOMAS Kzoon." _ _ _ Now in this case the party advertising had announced his agency in respect of three offices fur a long series of weeks without anything more than the erdinmy duty being levied. But directly his advertisement embraced four in surance offices, without any notice, we were immediately charged duty for each office! The result is that a duty of six shillings is charged on an advertisement just about as many inches long. We conceive this to be one of the greatest cases of 'hardship which the newspaper press has yet had exercised upon it in this " land of liberty." In so saying wo look—not at the mere solitary instance—but at the principle involved. Of course we have lost a customer, and aro "in for" a pretty heavy quota of taxation. But let our contemporaries and let the public at large consider the real scope of the precious epistle which we have "advertised " above. If a man be- _ _ -- Comes agent to several different companies, he is to be bound to advertise earls company separately and distinctly. At least, if he choose to lump them together, the newspaper proprietor must charge him such a price as shall cover the multiple duty. Now, is it likely that an agent in a country town cm afford such an outlay ? He may hear it fur a short time, but certainly he caunot be come a regular advertising customer to the newspaper. If every "distinct interest" in an advertisement is to pay a distinct duty, where are we to draw the line? How many men of business advertise their chief occupation, and ap pend at the bottom a notice that they are agents for some insurance company, or for the sale of some patented ar ticle. This is done every day. But according to the rule laid down in the above letter, such a notice is a distinct ad- vertisement. Will Somerset House dare to make such a levy ? We wish they may try it—get it, they will not, ex cept from the weaker brethren, who are powerless before the jaws of that monster—the Court of Exchequer. As the bill for each month's advertisement duty comes to hand about two months or more after it is due, our readers will see that we have incurred the quadruple for a period of several weeks without our knowledge. Had a timely notice been sent to us, we might have been spared consider able loss. It is high time the advertisement tax was abolished. Of all taxes it is the most injurious to a paper of limited circu lation. The leviathans can afford to care comparatively little about it. To them the stamp duty is a more important question ; while in our case the stamp appears to possess an advantage. if the advertisement duty were to be abolished trade would at once acquire an impetus, and the provincial press would receive a vast increase of advertising patronage. The poor governess, or still poorer (if possible) maid servant, would no longer be obliged to pay the gentlemen at Somer set-house eighteenpence in order to ask for a place; the tradesman would no longer be obliged to pay the govern ment for the privilege of becoming a customer to the ad vertising columns of the press ; trade would be accelerated, the humbler classes would be benefited, and the provincial press would be encouraged. We hope the all-grasping cupidity of the officials who preside over the advertisement tax department will have the good effect of so disgusting the press and the commu nity that we may soon see a death to this extortion. We hope our ease will meet with consideration. Somerset house has lost Is. Gd. a week, and we have lost a customer, in addition to being mulcted of our hard-earned cash. Perhaps the Board of Inland Revenue, iu the depth of its wisdom, and in the plentitude of its power, may think proper to charge duty even on our leading article, inasmuch as it announces our charges for a six.line advertisement. Had we dared to mention the name of the agent in whose service we have got into this scrape, and the titles of tho offices which he represented, possibly we should have found ourselves again subject to a quadruple duty, which, with the other item, would have made up a quintuple, and sub jected our leader to a charge of 7s. Gd. in respect of the " distinct iaterestx " which it advocated—a procedure which we should be told, on our venturing to remonstrate, was " perfectly correct." PRESCOT, ST. HELENS, AND WIGAN JUNCTION RAILWAY.—A meeting of the inhabitants of Prescot has just been held at the Town-hall, when resolutions were rand a memorial to the directors of the London and l i s Western was agreed to fur the formation of a branch railway from Helton, by Preseot, to St. Reims and Wigan, eo as to accommodate, in addition to the passenger traffic, the conveyance of coal from the Wigan coal fields into Liverpool. SOUTIE EASTERN RAILWAY.--Gross traffic reces for the week ending Oct. 4, MI, 19,820. lts. 9d. ; ditto, Oct. 5, MO, 15,3924 2d. Increase in 1851, 4,4621. 9s. Id.