The Express. — London, England, 1848-11-10 00:00:00

whole tepees* of its own peace establishment, bat for eattri. betleg its pr )(see ate the support of the general revers mat of the empire.' This was written mars them 70 years sea, whilst the whole of America, North and Beath, sad nearly every square league of tropical territory accessible to Nemeses were stilt in the possession of Spain, Yortegal, Bested, as some ether power, white si ded,ad all other countries free any participa tion in the trade of its olocies. Now met mere ewceglr don the argument apply are, when the New World is esasatipated from the Old, and when Nag land he treed her remaining solonie from all them re. strictions (the navigation lee essepted, ter a taw seethe )anger) which formerly impeded their ineememuse with forties countries. To the dbriplee of Mee Smith, the old wpm's, must be entrusted the task of eniersim the appal s:stem of the free trade principle to our Muleshoe with our eolooics, and we trust they will at oars Is tie the flag of col osial reform. Abe qroun. WINDSOR, TIWRSDAY.—EarIy this morning the bead of the 2nd Regiment of Life Guards assembled at the Castlejand performed a variety of pieces under the windows of tee royal apartments in honour of the birthday of the Prince of Wiles. The Coldstream Guards and the 2nd Life Guards paraded in the Home-park, near the eastern terrace, between nine and ten o'clock, and fired a feweitioie in honour of the day. The royal d..nner party this owning was seemed in the Queen's drawing-room, the magnificent Prince of Wales's Epergne " forming the centre ornament of the plateau which yes decorat.d with he plume and other insignia of the Prince of Wales. The guests comprised the Queen Dowateer, the Duchess of Heat, the Princess and the Princess Elias of liohenl Lengenbourg, the Prin cesses Amelia and Bliss of Ilohenlohe fichUliscsfurst, Priam Edward of Rene Weimar, the Marquis sad Marchioness of Alm t►e Lady in Waiting of the Queen Dowager (Vie counter • gton), Lady Anna Maria Dawson, Baroness de fipeth, the Viee-Chamberlain of the Queen Dowager (the Hon. W. Ashley), Cul. C. B. Phippe, Capt. W. B. HansU. ton, Sir 0. Censer, the commanding officer of the 2nd Lib Guards (Li. ut..001. Williams), the commanding officer of the Coldstr...ot Guards (Col. Cadre gton), and Mr. ()lover. The follow:Ina had the honour of joining the august circle at the Castle in the evening :—The Dowager Lady and the Hon. Miss Lyttelton, and Miss Pole Carew. Lady and Miss Couper, Mr. Cooper, end the Hoe. Mrs. Phipps. Lord John Rumen arrivid in town yesterday front Pembroke lodge, Richmond-park. Several of tire Cabinet ministers ri,ited his lyrd.hip, at hi. residence in Chatham. place. The Eeeleaiaatical Commiseioners for England had a meetiag l esterday in Whitehall-plank LORD MAYOR'S DAY. Yesterday. tkr James Mayor for the ensuing year, itowissenced the deter of hie office. a little after 11 o'clock his lordship entered Guildhall, from which he we to set off in procession to Westreinster, and breakfasted with his brother eldermen, the sheriffs. and the chief officen of the corporation in one of the waiting rooms. The procession started from Guildhall at about 12 o'clock, with its usual accompanimi ids of beefeaters and hussars, brass beetle and waving banners, the gorgeous lumbering old state coach appertaining to the mayoralty, and the runi imps of aldermen and sheriffs. One of the curious points of the show was a great model of a twig, drown en a ear. This naval ezhibitioo was understood to have reference to an bud. dent in the earlier portion of the Lord Mayor's fictive life, namely to his having officiated as secretary to Lord Esmond% during the bombenlccent of Algiers, anoffice which, although ranked amongst those of a civil description, was by no means devoid of danger, as those will admit who are reminded that Mr. Scott, who was Nelson's secretary at Trafalgar, was cut in two by a chain shot a very few minutes before that gallant hero was struck down. The mounting of the men•at.anns was a spectacle greatly delighted in. The poor ;knights (with rouged cheek., an.t tottering under their unacens. tomed harness) slowly mounted a pair of steps planted by the side of their gallant steeds, and thence clomb into the middle. The procession passed along King short, Cheap side, Neweate•street, Farringden-street, Sluaner-street, and New Brit Le-street, to lllackfriers.bridge, thence by water to Westmin.ter, where his lordship arrived at half-past ens o'clock. • Flis lorilhip was such cheered along the entire route, more espeeualv whilst journeyier through his own ward of Farringdon. Flags were hung Irons several of the houses. Behlom have been seen so many people in the streets on any former Lord Mayor's day. The bridges were also much aowdo.. Os hi; lordship heing presented to the Buono of the En chequer by the Reunite, the learned gentleman made • slight. though suftlines.lly intelligible allusion to the Incident ia it Jamey Duke's early sneer, which has been already noticed. Atter the Chief Bares bad made the customary reply to the Recorder's 'per h, the Lord Mayor invited the learned judge sad his brethren to the banquet, at Guildhall, in the evening, which invitation wu accepted by the wart. flu civic lordship theft took the usual oaths, and afterwards proceeded to the various other equity and common law courts. where ha gave invitations to dinner to all the learned Judges, who responded very coidially to the hospitable manifestations of Sir James Duke. The civic magivtrate, and his attendants, then leaving Watininster-hall, pro ceeded is the um. order in which they arrived to the barges, and haviug re-embarked, were conveyed to Blacktriars. bridge, where the procession was formed again in the same Ceder us before. . The preparations at Guildhall for the reception and meat **dation of the guests were of the usual description. The earangement of the treble was upon the accustomed plan, which hag been found to be admirably calculated to exit the general feeling and wishes of the members of the corpora tion. The hall was lighted up with inaamerable gas jets, which played in the tr acery of the walk, and the stained glam aa=elitirg, manufactured 'Remaly for the entertain ing= given to ken Majesty by the co-parstion soon after her acesehos. At the west end was exhibited the splendid cut glass stem, with its myriads of prison, and at the east end its rivals in beauty, the. a taagniticvnt Prince of Wales's faithful, formed of spun glees, and 9 feet in height, and beneath them were ranged the City's sword, mace, and cap of maintenance. The council chamber, in which the corporation debates generally take place, bad been, according to immemorial cestom, fitted up ss a reception room, and the aldermen's mart noes and committee rooms were used as withdrawing some. At the meth ide of the aldermen's court room st ood a handsome cosagnatory, with plants, flowers, and an ornie maga bunk= of ester, and terminating in a representa tion of Old London-bridge and the embarkation of King Remy VIII. at the Tower. At the west aide of the room was a view of the far-famed Rialto and the surrounding baildinga at Venice. TILE BANQUET AT 9tuLDHALL ACOMRII;O7Iid for iat7reZioi sod 1,000 The arrangements were directed by the Lord ry t o L ee committee, and were unexceptionable, except to far se the positkin reigned to the reporter, who were so placed that it was all but impossible for them to hear a word of what was peeing at the principal table ; but as this was an inconvenience &mid in by at least Avetixths of the whole company, it was no doubt onavolidsb:i; The hall was opened to the invited at half-put three o'clock, and many of those who had not joined in the procession to Westminster made their appeusece at that early hour. But it was the return of the procession that brought the mush, and from the arrival of the first carriage of the cor tege lentil the hour of dinner, the announcement of guests and the musical mantes which greeted the more important of them were incessant. The dinner, as usual, comprised all the delicacies of the season, although cold ; the turtle and game, the only exceptions, were, as unal, in profusion. At 7 o'clock the Lord Mayor and the principal guests, whose entrance wen samonseed by a flourish of trumpets, proceeded round the hall to their sesta. His lordship woo supported on the right by the late Lord Mayor, the Marquis of Lansdowne, Earl Grey, Viscount Palm erton, Lord Campbell, Sir G. Grey, Sheri ff Finns and lady, th e Chan cellor of t ote Exchequer. the Duke and Denham of Northum berland, the Earl est Cardigan, Viscount Exmouth, Viscount Hardinp, Lord Ward, the Eight Hon. Fox Muds, M. 0. de Bisamict, the French Minister, end two Attadies, Baron Austrian, Sir Edward Cust, Admiral and Lady Emily Dan dle% Lord John Hay, and Messrs. Parker, Ta&sill, C. Lewis, and Hawes, M.P. • on the left, by the present and late lady Mayoress, Lord Denman, Barons Parke and Alderson, Au tism Pension, Coltman, and Coleridge, the Attorney and &Eater General, Sheriff Goodhart and lady, Serjeante Tat bud, Cisselse, Thompenn, Jones, and Wallinger, Sr D. Dandies, Lord D. Stuart, Sir T. Fremantle, Mr. J. Wood, Mr. D'Eyocourt, Baron Rothschild, Mown. Masterman, Locke, Forster, C. Assay,: Sr hi. Choleneley, Heath este_, M.P's. T. cloth having been removed and gram daunted, The LORD MAYOR, in proposing the tint toast aid—" My lads, ladies, sad gentlemen, I have to congratulate myse lf that the first ant of my of fi ci al carter is, to have the honour of inviting this distinguished company to pay a mule of ?upset to our most gracious sovereign. The name of oar bakeved Queen boa always been received in this hall with feelings of respect sad enthusisinn, end were it not for the mighty changes that ham occurred elsewhere, I might be in duced to Wane apes the loyalty which has always dis tinguished the chime of London. Those events, however, may emse me from doing more than to express my conviction that whatever changes may occur in 6 Tricn ennui's, we shall always be satisfied with the free institutions under wtich we live, and shall continue to exhibit a loyal attachment to her Majesty, and a cheerful obedience to the laws. With these observations I hope you will join me in drinking the health of Queen Victoria, and may she enjoy a long and happy reign." The toast was drunk with loyal enthusiasm. "God save the Queen" having been eung by the pro. hesional vocalists, The Loan MAYOR gave " The Health of her Majesty the Queen Dowager, whose amiable conduct, benevolence, and charity has gained for her the respect and love of the people , of thi country." The toast was drunk with three times three. The Loan Moron next proposed the health of his Royal Highness Prince Albert, Albert Prince of Wales, and the other breaches of the Royal Family. He said : "I am mire it is not serenely for me to my anything to induce yea to drink the health of Prime Albert, who, since he came to this country, has identified himself with all British intend, and British pursuits, and who has always evinced the utmost anxiety to promote the arm and sciences, and to do all in hie power to further the general welfare of the land of hi adoption. In proposing the health of the other branches of the royal fami y, I cannot forget that this is the anniversary of the birth of the Prince of Wales, the heir to the throne of these realms. and I hope that his Royal Niihau', when he comes to govern this great country, will sniff all happiness." (Hear, hear.) The toast was drunk with the usual Itmonn. The LORD MATOI then tale to propose a tarn, which Ito said we. always ameetabh to the cinema of Leaelkes—. TM Army sad Navy of Zegland," sad to was prnuaded that I. dam so it was amearrary for him to dotak Them with any obese/Mims I. reference to the MR sod tilliossidist plats of those important brasier of the palls swam He mead sestest himself thirties* wall eloservin that Is so =the Qems's dominions ware rota oshissrasstt of the way or am mere hilly mmielaulthas is the City ef Waft. They wino lesesea - teary with the of a noble sad 'Quit lard who had roma* messed lea tt Y India —the scone of insperMat =Limy seniess, sad be m pseud to maple the sew et that sale ad plYa lea, of when services the sonstry Mght will be peered, with the toast he was alma to give ; sad he war eve they woad sane e ith bin la doing hewer te a salaam whose satirietil had added lute* to the mushy to which he be loomed and to the metropolis of which (the Lord Mayor) was proud to lay he woe a freeman. (Hear.) With re spect to the other Wendt of the serviee, he was net disposed to make any obsemetices which might appear pentane' to himself, at the same time he mast say that it had been his hewer and happiness to . serve in the may part of his life in them ; and it woe with the greatest pinnate that he re ssieNad that he had served miler a nobleman whom pre emie that dal gam great delight no all (the Duke of Nor thumberland . Ile was also asstatially grati fi ed at having the heuser seeing there the gallant captain under whom laserved 39 years ago, who was now an admiral in the NAM navy. It gave him also great pleasant to see present the ass a a gallant officer under whom he had served in • oosidostiol positicn—tke late Loed Be Beth; and with ragged to that officer it was only necessary for Naito my that be might well serve sa a model for all fame admirals of Basts•A. Having made these °Wreaths', which were somewhat personal to himself, he would g to address him self to the moth important question of the Hudak navy. He Wined he might say with confidence that never in the his ser, of this country had that navy b-en in a better or more dicient state. He had the happiness of seeing at that board Admiral Dundee, the senior lord of the Admiralty, and every elle who was at all acquainted with his ability would know that the efficiency of the navy would be his first consideration, while is Mike. He was aware that it was the anxious de sire attic government to carry into effect every possible re trenehment in all the public department., but he knew of nothing that hi mere emeetial to the welfare of the country, er that the people would more readily consent to be taxed 6r, than the maintenance of that service, which we. neces sary to uphold the honour and independence of this souatry, the British navy. Coupled with the toast he would give the senses of Lord Hairlines and Admiral Dundee. The toast was &oak with the usual honours. Vi count HILILDINCia Mee with great pleasure te acknOW bodge the test of " The British Army: For the honour eoaferred upon himself he felt proud as a freeman of that gent c operation, in having the privilege of returning thanks in the name cf that army, The merchants and citizens of London on all occasions had evinced a desire generously to appreciate the services of the army, and on the part of that branch of the service, he must say, that they were always most anxious to merit and obtain the pod opinion of their fallow•citixena, sad to show by their wooeraad discipline that they were as obedient to the civil mabseities and the laws of the land in time of peace, se es, were devoted to the military service in time of weir. Lord Mayor had done biro the honour to refer to his ourriose In India. He must say that he owed everything in Me services to the bravery of the army, who had there well medotained the reputation they had acquired is the Penin sula order hie noble friend the Duke of Wellington. He was hosed to state, also, that the eosidact of the seisms t the whole of the military transactions in India :D i rt equally meritorious with that of the Bri dal troops, and deserved the same thanks. (Cheers.) Me bad recently received letters, detailing with admiration and &light the oervices of the sepoys at the siege of Moulins; the daring manner in which, under the command of that heroic young officer tilaj , r Edwards*, who bout especially dis tinguished himself in these achiev-meata,theyhadmaintained them positits against heavy odds and seder very difficult cir cosmetances, entitled them to the admiration and thanks of this country. (Cheels.) And though it was true that in consequence of the desertion of the Sikh troops it had b - moss necessary for the major-general in command to sus =rasiona, he believed that the steps taken by Major , Whisk had received the concurrence of all military snikorities, and were, in his opinion, most judicious, and each as any brave and prudent officer would have adopted. With regard to the ultimate capture of Mooltan, be thought it could not admit of a doubt, for we bad a larger army now assembled, and accompanied by more fi eld pieces. than that with which Lord Gough conquered the Ochs at Sobraon. It was a great encoaragernent to military officers engaged in difficult miltary operations to know that their setvtoeS were appreciated by their country men at home. He would not longer detain them but to thank them for the manner in which they had acknowledged the claims of the service to wtich be had the honour to be long, and foe having coupled his health with it. (Cheers.) Admiral HONDA., in acknowledging the toast on the part of the navy, mid it would always give him great pleasure to know that the services of that department were appreciated by the chinned Louden. The next toast—. Pr . rperity to the trade and commerce of the City of London, was drunk with the usual cheering. The LOlll3 MATOII rose with great pleasure to proeme the health of the distinguished gentleman who had preceded him in the office of Lord Mayor, and who had discharged the office in a time of no ord nary diffimilty in a manner which would entitle him te the gratitude, not of the City of London only, but of the country at lenge. The conduct of the City of London on the memorable occasion to which be referre d, under the guidance of the late Lord Mayor, war an example to the whole country. He was quite sure, considering the manner in which the arduous duties of the office had been performed during the lest year, that Alderman Homer would carry with him not only the approbation of his own wascience, but the good wishes and respect of the whole community. Alderman HOOPER expressed the great satisfaction he felt that his conduct had met with the approbation of his fellow- citizens. It was due to all dusts of the inhabitants of the city of London to my that on the occasion referred to they had come forward to assist him with the utmost readiness to preserve the peace. (Cheer.) The LORD Maxon then real to propose the health of her ; Majesty's Ministers. Though he regretted the absence of , Lord John Russell, whose illness prevented his attendance, , it gave him great pleasure to see so many of the other mem ber, of the government do honour to the City of London. ; When they considered the difficulty ministers had in carry ing on the government of the country in times like those we had recently passed through, all must spore- , date the talent and ability they had displayed. They , had shown themselves throughout determised to up hold the law ' while at the same time they were disposed to do all in their power to promote the happiness of the people. The toast was drunk with the usual honours. The Marquis of LA:OIDoWNE said—My Lord Mayor and ladies and gentlemen, I beg leave, on behalf of myself and of my eolleagues who axe here present, to return you our hearty thanks for the honour you have just done us. Bat I cannot do so without at the same time expressing my great regret that my noble friend at the head of the Treasury, and who is also one of your representatives in parliament, is unable, through indipeei ti to attend hen to-day. It fa a nuttier of peculiar regret to me, because there never was a moment at which all per sons, either invested with authority or without it, would he more Cairene to render their respects to the City of London, and partake of its hospitality, than at the el mot this eventful Lea o : , d7: : year which I must say has placed the City of in an advantageous point of view as compared with any city in the world. Beaune whatever the events of this year, whatever sympathy we may feel, or whatever satis nation we may derive from the triumph of the sword, where the sword has been drawn in the cause of honour or in the advancement of the interests of society, it must nevertheless be • matter of great satisfaction that we shall remember to oar dying day, that in this eventful year the peace et this great city has been maintained by the civil cower only ; and that by the civil power here has been won the may victory that has been achieved. (Cheers.) This is a refection we must always carry with us, sad which will always be • source of satisfaction which neither the government nor the people can forget. How much in the preservation of the pesos and tranquillity of the country we have been inch bted to the authority of this city, more particularly how much we an indebted to the gentleman who now site no my left hand, and who was recently invested with the power which he employed uniformly, steadily, and successfully for the preservation of that prosperity which leaves the City of London, and at the same time 1 the country, in • happier, prouder, and safer condition than it ever has been in before. I beg to thank you, and to give you kw the next toast, " The health of the Lord Mayor and prosperity to the City of London." (Cheers.) The Loan Mayon returned thanks, and expressed hie determination to discharge his duties so u to meet the ap probation nine fallowntizens, especially in regard to the preservation of the peas and tranquillity of the City, by fol. lowieg in the footsteps of his immediate predecessor. The LORD MAYOR then rose to invite the meeting to join him in a mark of respect to the foreign ministers who had honoured them wilt their presence. He deeply regretted the absence of his Excellency the American minister, • man who had always been most anxious to use his influenee in promoting • good and cordial undentan ding between this country and his own. They were, however, honoured with the company t hey M de Beaumont, the minister of France, who was equally influenced by f r i e ndly feelings towards this country — (Much cheering)— end it gave him great pleasure to find that the name of that distinguished man was received with respect and admiration, for he nu most anxious to assure him, on the part o f t h e citizens of London, that while they desired to express no opinion as to the form of government which his or any other country might adopt, they were anxious to cultivate the most friendly feelings with all. If ever there was • time when it was necessary that a good understanding should be maintained between this country and France it was now; and he was quite sure that the noble lord at the head of the foreign denart meat was of that opinion. He thought the late visit of the national guards of France had been of great advantage. as it had Anima the people of both countries that a mutual desire existed of friendly relations. The toast he had to give war the health of the foreign ministers, accompaaying it with that of the minister of Franco. (Cheers.) M. Dr Bastmoter, the French minister, acknowledged the toast as follows;—My lord, as the very unforeseen duty of answering this toast devolves upon me, u being the seni-'r el the diplomatic body, I hope I shall be allowed to take fret this opportunity of offering to you, and to all here pre ' emit, the best toanks of my country for the cordial hospite thy which has been of late so kindly bestowed upon a crest many of me countrymen on their visit to this large metro. , polls. (Cheer) The land of England, my lord, is a lead , of lib. rty. ( Loud churl.. st.) Englaad is a land of liberty and of hospitality to all foreigners, but it is the land of frig ndship for Frenchmen. (Hear, h. at.) England has open. di her THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 10, 1848. heart as well as her fremtiers to Frenchmen. I thiak she did right in doing so. Eke did right far her own interest. A noble wreatry lake Basiaad, in order to he admired and blamed, weals only to be known. The beet answer she eta slake to still existiag, though every day vanishing, preju dices is to show herself to every eye. Let ea, my lewd, enjoy let Europe let all the people of Europe enjoy eke Wads, said the bloats et Uri sistail good andoestanding which is and will ever be the best seen why far the maintentuthe of the plea of the weeld. We se more entertain, neither in Basked nor in Fran" the [she *ales that the prosperity of our oesatry is honied upon SU gamy of the other. We this's, on the wriasry, that the beet guarantee of sack one's lisfilia/14 is UN happlaess of all. (Hear, hear.) Allow me, la consindles, and apoicerialing for my bed Butch, to tell yea that it win be in my eou=trymea the most happy and delightful day when a visit—a much desired tint isf Englishmen to Paria—will afford the Parisians an opportunity of expressing better than I eta do by words the feeling. of gratitude and sympathy whisk they enter tain for England, and particularly for the City of London. (Mach cheering.) The Loan btavon thee pro the health of the Duke and Duchess of Northumberland. 111, grace returned thanks. air GIORGI Gary proposed the health of the Lady Mayoress, and having expressed hie regret at the absence of his noble caleasue, Lord John Rumen, bore whammy to the efficient manner in which the duties of the mayoralty had been performed during the last year, expressing, la tea elusion, his conviction that, under whatever era mercy might arise, the present Lord Mayor would be treating is none et these essential qualities which had masked his predecessor. (Cheers.) The Loan MAYOR having acknowledged the compliment, preposed Lord Denman and the judges of the land. Lord Dantean' returned thanks, and said it had been his peculiar privileg e , that during late events, the 00stia of I duty bad not oil upon him to act in any of the painful circumstances that had occurred. Ile was happy to say that the dignity of the law and the safety of the community bad never been more efficiently tied effectively upheld than la those proceedings. He hoped the same determination would always be shown to administer justice with the same thrill administration of the law. (Cheers.) The next toasts were the " Attorney-Gerseral sad the Bar of England," for which the Attorney-General returned thanks; and the " Members for the City of London," to which 111 r. Madam= replied. The usual formal toasts were then drunk, end the company dispensed. CHOLERA.—Yesterday the Board of Health re ceived information of the following new eases :—Stepney, 1; Lambeth, 2 deaths; Greenwich, 1, fatal; Battersea, 3; Hackney, 1; Hackney-road, 13, 3 fatal; Sunderland, 1, fatal; Edinburgh, 14 new cases, 20 deaths ; Leith. 14 new CARER 4 death.; total new cues, 41 ; 31 fatal.—Arroutr- MINT Or MEDICAL OFFICER/I.—Yesterday. the board of guardians of Newington appointed five medical gentlemen resident within the parish to attend the poor who might be attacked with cholera. The guardians directed a fee of 10a. Bd. to be paid in each cue of attendance. AMALGAMATION OF TilE BOARD OF STAMFS AND TRIES WITH TKO Excise DEPARTNINT.--11 understood that the long uncompleted union of the excise and the stamps and tuft department will shortly he carried into effect, the preliminaries for that purpose having hem arranged. Mr. John Wood, the thalamus of the Beard of Rube, has been for some time put In daily comm_._...efli with the Chancellor of the Exchequer on the realest, end ' it now appears to be defiratively settled that these twe national revenue establishments shall shortly he carried on ender one head. The change has been pressed famed with some baste, in consequence of the large number of e miss officers, who by the operation of the Spirit LiCSMES Act are now rendered unnecessary. To &turista the push* number that can he neared, a set of questions have been sent from the Board of Excise to every supervisor througheet the kingdom, to state to what extent the officers in each dh trict may be reduced in the altered state of the law, and without injury to the public service, end the answers that have been received show that number to amount to upwarda of 800. These oaken have for the present been "dropped" to barley, and it is expected, shoal I the plan proposed take place, that they may be employed in the collection of many of the taxes, at present received by local tax collectors, such is the Income sex, taxes for horses and carriages, &c., and, in fact, the whole 01 those known as assessed taxes, without the charge et poundage for collection, as is in many ewes allowed. Mr. John Wood, the present chairman of the board of excise, is 2.:Arof se the proposed chairman of the new board, and . Wickham, Zoe., the present chairman of the boxed of sump and taxes, vtrochairman. Two commissioners of mime ere expect ed to retire on the superannuation allow saws, and other alterations are anticipated. It appears to be KM an open question whether Somerset. hones or the Beeler idles la Broad street, City, will be the most convenient site he the purposes of the joint service ; yet, taking the central miteation of the latter into consideration, it is generally re • gaoled se the moot desirable. A saving will by this scheme arise to the public, seat present the excise, has to carry its op.- redone into effect, a eheurman with a salary of 2,0001.; deputy chainue, 1,5001.; and five commissioners at 1,2001. per an num eac h ; the chairman of stamps and tales, 1,6001. ; the deputy-chairman, 2,0001, with several other officers with es laries varying between 1,0001. and 2,0001. From the close connexion between the rpecies aureoles hitherto collected separately, there is every reason to believe that but a compa ratively small additional number of persons to the present excise staff will be able to collect the revenue of both do. partments TEE NATIONAL SOCIETY AND THE COMMITTEE OF PRIVY COUNCIL ON EDUCATlON.—Yesterday, a meeting of the National Society was held at the Central School House, Westminster, for the purpose of taking into consideration the means to be adopted with reference to the pending dispute between the society and the Committee of Privy Council, on the " management eleuees," and the manner in which greats are hereafter to be made to church and other mamba Theme gustione, which have excited much contro. way, have been under discussion since May, 1848 ; snd a lengthened correspondence has token place between the Archbishop of Canterbury on the part of the National Moiety. and Jr. Kay Shuttleworth on behalf of the Com mitres of Privy Council. Several suggestions were made on either aide, and the Committee of Council having declared their ultimatum, the meeting of the National Society was yesterday convened to consider it. The Archbishop of Canterbury presided, and there were present the /Mope_ of London, Salisbury, and St. Asaph. The Rev. W. J. Kennedy, M.A., the secretary, read a length. axed correspondent* which had taken place between the eseiety and the Committee of Privy Council upon the matter viadsc dispute.—The Archbishop of Canterbury said that the epostion which the committee would now have to decide was whether the National Society should accept the terms pro. wed by the Privy Council, or whether they should be re paid The whole of the correspondents' was before the emetraittee. who would be able to yudge of its merits—The Rof Landon, the Bishop of Salisbury the Bishop ot St. Arehiracon Sinclair, Archdeacon Harrison, Mr. W. eek M.P., Mr. Colquhoun, and other gentlemen iselmmeed the meeting, and the discussion lasted antly the bears. It was eventually arranged that the farther consideration of the question should be &Burned until a fella meeting could be secured. The Rev. W. J. Kennedy laid before the committee a large number of letters from different part of the country, de manding a general meeting of the members to take the question at hens into consideration, mad urging upon the society the adoption of certain resolutions proposed by the Bev. G. A. Denison, vim of But Brea', Somerset. The resolutions alluded to deprecate the compulsory inter ference of the state with the discretion of the local founders and promoters of church schools, contending that all such compulsory interference is inadmissible, because unjust, un. necessary, and dangerous to the church. After a lengtheued dismission it was decided that it would be injudicious, under present circumstances, to call the meeting which had been requested by se many members of the society. The meeting thee majorated. LORD MAYOR'S SEOW.—City, Nov. 9.—Sir,—There mime was a finer day for the Lord Mayor's Show, and there never WEIIIIIIOThe exhibition than that of yesterdt is time that the symbol' of by-gone ages should be replace d in our modern pageants by other.; moos apt to the:Top feelings of the day. It would be impossible to abolish them ; but they might be reformed, and an appearance given to them more in consonance with modern ideas and less chivalrous, at a time when chivalry is anything but the order of the day. What a contrast exists between the show of yesterday and the more comprehensive commemoration lately held at Brus sels. There the symbols were significant of the pro gress of the age in which commerce, industry, and manufactures have taken such a stri de. Representa tions reminiscent of large and wealthy towns which con tain the prosperity of Belgium,eoupled with emblems of that agriculture which is also so largely carried on there, were presented and understood by the people. The only symbol practically illustrative of enythutir in yesterdays show was an imitation of a boat, rigged without even the merit of faithfulness of imitation, and drawn laboriously by six horses. This was a personal reminiscence, and one more ridiculous could scarcely be imagined. No doubt the boat, which represented the early career of the Lord Mayor, had been lately balancing itself on the Thames, with a broom stuck on the end of its mast. It has been taken from its native element, deprived of its keel (for which wheels have been substituted), and, decorated with ribbons, it bore tri umphantly a few boys from the Marine School, the men who mounted the animals that drew it being, no doubt, some of those horse-marines whose existence has been hitherto so problematical, bat of which it is impossible from henceforth to doubt. All this is ridiculous enough in itaelf,but the ridicule was enhanced by sundry other characteristic'. The wonderfully liveried servants looked ashamed of themselves. Several were lame; all bore cotton umbrellas. Now, for what pur pose these umbrellas were to be used, considering the fine ness of the day, can scarcely be guessed at, unless it were to Wagainst showers of memento{ which fell from neigh og houses, in the shape of potato skins and other refuse. The man with the axe was abeent. The vulgar have it that the axe usually borne on these occasions was that with which Mary Queen of Scots was beheaded. I cannot like upon myself to decide whether this is so or not, but its absence was remarked and severely commented on by divers boys who lined the road. The absence of the man with the axe was, however, amply compensated by the presence of four men in armour. The mode by which these warriors mount their steeds is known. Those clad in brass bore themselves triumphantly, as their titles comport ; but east shall be maid of those dad in steel / The first seemed borne down by the weight of his misfortunes, and it required the assistance of two men to keep him in an upright position. The second bore himself better. In aspect he was peculiarly fierce, but this fierceness was put on for the occasion. His black moustache and completion were produced by art, and a maiden irritation of the akin causing a desire to scratch, had laid bare the secret of the knight, and left an indelible mark (at least for half-an•hour) upon his cheek. It Is well that a amber of National Guards, wke, it wee rumoured, were to have been present, did not appear to middies our Lord Mayor's Show.—C. ROBBIRT IN TUB STRAND.—EarIy on Thursday swain, some thieves effected an ORDSSES to the Weekly Chronicle OMee, Strand, through the ha* pert of the pre mime, by availing themselves of a essibil and ladder—ln 1 the covet Giese by. They were, however , elleggisinted in their ezpeetatioas of plunder, for, after 'hong open the desks, cupboards, sad till, they decamped, their ouly booty I being a few postage stamps. Similar attempts were made the same nterning eh the three adjoining houses, but fortu nearly the thieves were foiled in each Instance. INQUZSTe, YESTERDAY.-807CIDE OF MR. M'Do woost.—By Mr. Bed!ord, at Green's Shooting Gallery, Lacierter-equare, on W il liam M'Donogh, aged 41, the steeple-chase rider, who at the above gallery, on Tuesday lest, shot himself with a pistol.—The first witness Mr. Holmes, of 22, Craven-street, said that deceased was a native ' of Forenoons, in the county of Galway, where he at one period of his life farmed a large quantity of land, but hay ing had property bequeathed him by a relative in England, he Dame over to this country, where he kept fur some time a toxin stud at Melton. He was well known in sporting eireles as "a gentleman rider." He won the Leamington steeple-chase in 1839, on Lord Macdonald's celebrated mare the Nan. During the last twelve months deemed had been in a very desponding state, the result of serious losses in betting, which it was supposed preyed so heavily upon his mind as to induce the commission of the rash act.—Miss A. Hattie of Lasabeth•terrsee where deceased lodged gave similar tiatistoay as to th e desponding state of mind in which he bad been of Isle, and said that he would frequently cry when he taw his wife and children, to whom he was exceedingly attached . He was a man of *ober and regular habits, and erne very much of his time at home.—Other evi dence having been given as to the actual commission of the act, the jury found that deceased had died by hie own hand, but the deed on the ground of temporary insanity.— , SUICIDS AT THIS INVENTOR or THE DIVING APPARATUS. —By Mr. Baker, at the Lord Heel, flick-street, Limehouse, on the body of Mr. C. A. Dean, aged 63, who committed suiclie at 5, Providence-place, Commercial-toad. east. De ceased was by trade a caulker, but did not follow his business, sad applied himself entirely to study. Fosse years since he invented the diving apparatus, which was used in examining the wreck of the Royal George. fit had aiso invented a ' new propellieg mease-boat, the principle of which is described ' as an hydraulie squirt, and he took out a patent for the same. Constant study had so affected his mind that he was for some time counted in a lunatic asylum at Peckham. For several nays past he had appeared very low•spirited, and had a dread that some person was coming to take him away. On Monday evening last he went to bed, and was in bit usual health. Next morning he requested his wife to get him , some water. The moment she left the bed, he opened a r rem and inflicted the fatal wound on his throat. He was . engaged in perfecting an improvement for paddle-wheels up to the time ef his death. Verdict. " Temporary insanity." COUNTY COURTS. It Is now some three months since the Lord Chan cellor, in the House of Lords, and Sir George Grey, in the House of Commons both gave public usurannes that the fees in count y colas should be shortly reduced one half. As yet nothing has been done. The fact is, we suspect that the parties entreated with the carrying this measure into effect feel some difficulty in so doing. And this is the more to be regretted as the origin of this difficulty appears to be in what very much resembles a job. It will be in the recollection of our readers that an order was made about two iston•he since by the Secretary of State in compli ance with certain provisions of the County Court statute, piecing the judges of the county courts on a Sued salary of 1,0001. a year, instead of 'Lowing them, as had till then been the custom, the amount of fees given by the schedule of the eat. This was done in order to enable the Secretary of State to reduce the scale of fees payable by the suitors—for the amount of costs to the suitor depended in some conederable measure upon the emoluments 'accruing to the officers. But to effect an adequate reduction in the cost price of justice in these courts, it became necessary not only that a portion of the judges' lees should be sacnficed, but thine also of the clerks sad bailiffs—and here lay the difficulty. For the carrying out of this act the counties, as altered for the purpose, ware divided into districts of about seven miles diameter, and by the statute and the order in council, made in pursuance of it, a court was ordered to be held in one fcr each of such districts. The statute further provided that various *Seers should be appointed to these eosins ; but, as if to afford another instance of the way in which the legisla ture fulminate their edicts, whether _parliament intended that there should be a 'sparest e set of officers to each of such district courts, or ore set only for the whole county, though of course a matter of the greatest importance, is precisely the one that was left in the greatest uncertainty. The question as to the judges, though not so doubtful as that of the other officers, has already been raised in the Queen's Bench ; and in reference to the treasurers the statute has been carefully explicit. With respect to the clerks and bailiffs, however, the greatest difficulty prevails. By the 24th section of the statute, "for every court held under the authority of this act there shall be a clerk;" and by the 31st section, " for every such court there shall be one or more high bailiffs." In pursuance of these enactments some of Vie judges of these courts in whom the appointment of the above officers is unedited, have construed the word court as applicable to each of the district courts into which each county is divided, sad have appointed separate clerks and bailiffs to each of such nouns. In others however one person has been appointed clerk or high bailiff for several such districts (in many cases to the districts of a whole county), and in order to render the performance of the duties practicable a deputy or assistant clerk or bailiff has been appointed at each place to act for And this is the state of things which the Secretary of State is called upon to sanction, by ordering these gentlemen to be paid by fixed salaries instead of fees, before he can reduce the amount of oast' to be paid by the suitors. Is there any wonder that there should be demur and delay ? We shall not inquire to whom the credit of such a mismanagement attaches. There iii, indeed, so much doubt whether the word " court," as used in the statute, applies to the court held for the whole county, or that held only for each district, that it is difficult to say whether the legislature intended that there should be a separate clerk or bailiff for each of each districts, or one oely for tho whole county. It would, therefore, be unjust to attach the stigma of the appointments as now made on the legislature, tor that may never have intended that thou appointments should have been filled up as they have been—nor on the judges of the courts, for each of them may fairly have considered that he had the power to appoint in the manner in which he has done. But so far as the public is concerned, it matters little tow this state of affairs has arisen. It exists, and to our minds it la aa insult to the sense and honesty of the age, either to appoint one man to half a dozen ti enabling I hint to keep up a semblanee of a performance Soes, of the &thee thereof, by employing a dozen hirelings to do the work for him—or which is very much the same thing, to create an office and to appoint ens man to fill it, when the duties of that one single office are so heavy, and of such a nature as to require the assistance of half-a-dozen other per sons to enable hint to fulfil them. To think that public opt nion should have striven eo long and ai heavily, and at last have succeeded in putting down plurality in the church and elsewhere, end that now the legislature, or those who profess to eat by its authority, should convert the administra tion ofjustlee for a whole county into a living for one man— should give him all the fees and emoluments arising there from, and deem it autlifient justification to say that he as got a deputy or deputies at so much a year in each district. As if the execution of justice is a thing to be made subservient to the fattening of a county clerk. As if the public, in allowing a liberal salary to an once, did not intend thereby to secure en able and respectable person to perform the duties of it—not any hireling that an over-fed pluralist can get to do it for what sure he may think fit to gm. Such is the fact in the cue we are speaking of, and whether the abuse exist by the care lessness of the legislature in wording their edict or the usurpation of authority of the partial more immediately con cerned the public neither knows nor cares, but looking to the facts as they stand, and without trou.ling itself as to how they hve arisen, it has a right to demand that so unseemly a state of things be remedied without delay. One word more. Hitherto we have considered the question only as to the interest and opinion of the public. Let us contemplate it kg a moment as to its effect on the parties whom it more immediately concerns. As before observed, by the 20th section of the 9 & 10 Vitt., e. 9.5, it is enacted that " for every court held under the authority of this act there shall be a clerk;" and that by the 31st section, " that for every such court there shall be one or more high bailiffs." Now for one moment to suppose that when the legislature says that there shall be a clerk and bailiff for every such court, they did not intend that each should have for itself each an officer, or to suppose that so long as each is served in such capacity by some One, though be serve halts-dozen other courts as well that the statute will be complied with, seems to us an absu rdity. As if when parliament declares that "there shall be a clerk to each court," it can be intended to have said " you may have one clerk to a dozen courts, if you like." Yet unless this con struction eta be supported it will follow as a consequence that nearly half of the present appointments of clerks and high bailiffs to thug courts are void, for if the word " court" used in the above-cited portion of the statute mesas the court extending over the whole county, then since there is to be one clerk and bailiff to each court, it is clear that the appointment of several persons to that one dike as done in nearly one-half of these courts is void. (Vid. 10 Co. Rep., 98; Cro. Eliz , 636.) And on the other, it be held that by the word court so used in the above sections of the statute, the legislature meant the court held in each district, it is equally evident that the ap pointment of one clerk and one bailiff to a whole county, which has been done in nearly another half of the courts, is equally void—because, in such case, there is not a clerk or bailiff to each court, as required by the act. So that what. ever construction be put upon the word court as thus used, it follows that nearly half at least of these appointments must be nullifies. The serious consequences of this will at once occur to legal minds. REFORM THE TAXES. The Financial Reform Association, in the following remarks Oust issued) on the articles tarnishing the subjects of taxation under the Customs and Excise, hav,t confined themselves chiefly, if not entirely, to their effect on the social condition of the people. They pass by altogether, as foreign to their purpose, the question of differential or pro tective duties, taking their stand on the broad principle that all articles which cowards a large and necessary ortin) of the food of the community, or miniver t 3 the profitable eat ' ployment of the people, are unfit objects of taxation in any way or degree. With an increasing population at the rate of a thousand per day, profitable employment must be found, so as .0 render the population self-supporting or at no very distant period the poor law will become the means of c,d,fiwating the property. of the wealthy, to the support of the poor, in the shape of legal almsgiving—there are but two alterna tives, peulitabie employment and a self sur porting people, with all the energy and independence which such a popula tion give to a nation; or idleness end want, trenching upon and ultimately absorbing the property of others, till the end be anarchy, if not violent bloody revolution, out of which shall arise a new order of things. Onr moist system of taxation violates both these great principles, as will be more apparent in a separate but short notice of each article. SPlRlTS.—Atioast of duty : foreign, 1,207,3921. ; rum, i 1.219,5351. ; British, 5,949 1511. ; total amount of tax for the I year, Jan. 6, 1847, 8,376,0781. This tax is often attempted to be justified on the ground of protecting the morals of the people. But putting aside the impossibility of making people moral by act of parliament, and saying nothing of the questionable morality of deriving so large a sum from a source admitted by such au argument to be immoral, does not the en: r mous revenue yielded by the tax prove it to be ineffectual in suppressing consumption ? The historfof these duties prows beyond doubt that taxation is not the means to combat with I habits of intemperance ; such habits are cot the (Mot of cheap spirits, but of a low tone of morality, and it must be education and not the excise that will put a stop to such evils. A reference to " Porter's Progress of the Nation," under the section of Moral Program, chapter 3, will show that, in 1736, the habits of intoxication had retched such a point as to occasion continual debates in parliament and to call for very striagent measures. It was no uncemmoa practice in those days for publicans to paint over their deers a notice like the following:—" You may here get drunk for a penny, dead drunk for twopence, and have clean straw for nothing." The result was, that the legislature, thinking the cheapness of the liquor canted the abuse, imposed a duty of 20s. per gallon on spirits, and altogether prohibited their sale by retail. The effect of this proceeding was "riot and violence," "the clandestine sale of gin," filling " the prisons with offenders unable to pay the penalty," sa that within less than two years " 12,000 'staple had been convicted under the act within the bills of mortality, of whom 5,000 had been sen tenced to pay each a penalsy of 1001, and 3,000 people had paid 101 each to excuse their being tent to Bridewell. It was given in evidence, before a committee of the House of Commons in 1743, that the quantity of spirits made for con sumption in England and Wales was :-1733..10,50'1,000 gallons. It 99 1734..13,600,000 „ 1740..15,250,000 „ St 1741..17,000.000 1742..19,000,000 ~ " These quantities were consumed by a population not exceeding six millions, giving three pillow' for each indivi. dual, in 1742. One century later, and we find a population increased to sixteen millions, consurnieg 8,168,96.5 gallons in the year, or half a gallon per head, showing a diminished oonsunlytiou of more than five-sixtbs." In 1742 the tax on British-made spirits was 201. ; in 1842, 7.. 10d. per gallon ; clearly demonstrating that the tax is no bar to habits of temperance. A more effectual mode of counteracting such a tendency would he to masa altogether such articles as tea, coffee, and sager. Porter says, at p. 562:: " 1 1f, by reason of the cheapness of provisions, the wages of the labourer afford means for in dulgence, surer, tea, and coffee are the articles to which he earliest has recourse. and his family partake in the sober gra tification. On the thee hand, it will often happen that, whoa the power of buying these is not enjoyed, the smell SUM that can still be paid after the purchase of his loaf, is bestowed in procuring that stimulating draught which is then more then ever desired, and the man is driven from his cottage to the public house. We may thus recon cile the apparent anomaly which has been so °ltem remarked, that the excise revenue maintains its level during even lengthened periods of distress." The tax, however, in terferes with a very important home manufacture, and, es such, is a diem tax on native industry, limiting the employ ment of the people, and, to the extent in which it does this, iv responsible for all the evils which follow therefrom. To the duty on foreign spirits, originally imposed sea war duty, and continued ever since, till 1816, when it wee reduced to 155., must, however, be attributed the greatest evils, in de moralising the lower classes of the people. It is this which created and his sustained the trade of the smuggler, ruining the honest trader, filling the gaols with criminals (too often guilty of the deepest crimes, not even excepting murder), increasing borough and county rates, adding to the expense* of collection by rendering necessary' the preventive service, and proving itself a prolific source of social evils of the darkest dye. Teas.—Amount of tax, 5,112,0031. This article is the very opposite of the last, and on what principle, we may ask, is it taxed. It is the very antidote of intoxication, the promoter of domestic and orderly habits, the solace and com fort of the poorer classes of our female population, the stimu lant of literary labours, and the great medium of exchange is the commerce of this country end China. This tax was raised in 1811 to 96 per cent., as a war tax, and now, owing to the great decrease which tes (oxen place in the bonded, or short price of tea, it averages no less than 225 per cent., notwithstanding that the price to the public, duty paid, it, less by 60 per cent then at that period. Thus, though a war tax, it is not only continued after a period of thirty-four years' peace, but increased by one hundred and twenty-five per cent. And this is but an example of what will be the fate of all taxes, so long as the people sanction the present lavish expenditure of the government, and do not demand in earnest reduced taxation. The ave- rage cost of tea may be stated at present to he about Is. per pound. Under the present tax, this article cannot go from the importer to the consumer (that is, from the first kends to the chandler's shop, where It may be retailed out, and an to the poorer classes most likely is there retailed out) under 4s. per pound, thus : s. d. Coat of tea Add profit, 25 per am. Duty on ditto tlf Add profit on ditto, 23 per cent Or, in other words, out of every 3d. that a poor man, or wuherwoman, or the still worse-off 'emptiest, spends in tea, 2d. out of the 3d. gnes to the government in the shape of tax. It is within the knowledge of p Aran in Liverpool, that, in January last, a purchase of tea was made in that market for a poor-law union in Ireland, the From invoice amount of which was 2361. 12s. 9d., out of which no leas a tam than 2081. 61. lid. was paid for duty; and in March lut a further purchase for a similar purpose, amounting to 2661.4 t., out of which 2381. was paid to the government in the shape of tax. Need any thing be said to illustrate this gross injustice ? - ' Its effect on our commerce, however, is worse—it is de , 'tractive. Mr. Robert Gardner, a large manufacturer at ilantherter, and shipper of his iroduce to China, says, in his evidence before the select committee of the Mouse of Commons in 1847: " In consequence, the entire trade has been most disastrous." "It hu been a most ruinous trade." A piece of shirting, the cost of which in Manchester is 9s. 6d. to 111., awarding to the quality, will purchase 12 lbs. of the average quality of tea. The Chinese levy a duty upon that . mece of shirting of 71d., and we levy upon the tea which we receive in exchange for it 26a. 3d. !" " Upon yarn they levy a duty of near five-eights of a penny per lb.; 12 lbs. of average quality of yarn will more than pay for 12 lbs. of average quality of tea!" Considering that tea is taken altogether and entirely in barter for oar own manufactures, how does this cramp the employment, and consequently affect the Bridal condition of work people ! In a pamphlet issued some few years ago on this duty, it is said, "The extant ef suet employment, immediately, to the ma nufacturing population of Manchester, Leeds, Sheffield, Bir mingham, and Staffordshire, and the scarcely less direct employment of all engaged in ship-building, and all the variety of handicraft put in requisition by demand for any large amount of additional shipping, and the still leas direct, though not less sure, or leas im portant employment afforded to railroads, canals, and all the labourers employed thereon in the transit of the goods to the port of shipment, and to the brokers and commission agents whom it there employs, together with the capital requisite for these purposes, cannot easily be esti mated." The select committee, in their report to the house my, " It is only through the duty (a duty on the average qualities of about 200 per cent., and on the worst qualities of 3.50 per cent.) that any such reduction to the consumer can 1 be effected as to stimulate consumption in any sensible de gree; and such reduction thus becomes essential to a healthy and extended trade." Again : "It is also desirable in itself u promoting the tunas , d consumption of a beverage whole some and agreeable to every clamor our population, and one which is increasingly desired as a substitute for intoxicating liquors, and that it would be no more than is due to the Chi..ese, who tax our products so lightly while we burthtn theirs so heavily." And again : "As most desirable in it self, with a view to the ;comforts and social habits of the people." . . . kialv.—Amount of tax, 5,084,6501.—This tax presses particularly on the poor, and more especially of the hardest working labourers. Its repeal has often been sought, under the impreision that it was paid by the produce-s, and not as, in fact, by the consumers. The produoen being the renters of land, it is probable that, hal it been proved to have fallen on them, it might have been repealed, with the hope of the rents of barley-growing land being thereby increased ; but, when it wu satisfactorily proved to fall on the consumers, the demand for its revel ceased, in the fear, no doubt, that any substitute for it (and some must have been found) would have been even more distasteful to landlords. The Commis sioner of Excise Inquiry, in their report say,—" The re peal of it would produce scarcely any other effect than that of raising the price of barley, and affording to farmers the means of paying higher rent for barley lead." If the farmer, out of kis increased price for barley, could afford to pay a higher price for land, it is • legitimate benefit which the landlord has a right to expect ; but as the barley would not be raised in price be yond what the public could afford and are willing to give, and who, it cannot be supposed, would give up to the farmer the whole benefit of . h e repeal,ene more than they would expect to keep all the b:nefit to themselves, its repeal would have benefited all parties—the consumers of beer, the pro ducers of malt, and the owners of the land, which, in the opi nion of the associatim, would have been a very great re commendation in its favour. The greatest objection, how ever, is the manner in which it interhres with and restricts an important branch of home manufacture, not only pre venting any improvement in the meviug of malt, but ac tually creating impediments at times and seasons of the ar to making it at all. It lessens, likewise, to an incalcu lable extent, the employment of the people, more especially in agricultural districts. TOBACCO.—Amount of duty, 4,319,0881. It was given in evidence, before the select committee on the tobacco trade in 1844, that nine-tenths of the tobacco is consumed by the working classes." This tax, therefore, presses peculiarly heavy upon them. The lionefiNial or injurious effects of the use of this article is quite a matter of opinion, upon which, no doubt, men will remain divided ; but so long as an entire class of our population ad ipu in use to the extent of nine tenths of a consumption yielding a yearly revenue of upwards of 4,300,0001., independently of toe quantity consumed that is ebarged with duty, it is but reasonable to conclude that to them it is en artice of indispi naahle or a greatly coveted luxury ; in either of which eve the present duty, being upwards of 900 per cent•, is beyond 01l defence. But when the amount of this du•y is clearly proved to be the MU* of enormous smuggling and all its frightful conse quences, as any one may be convinced of by consulting the evidence given before the above•mentioneu parliamentary committee, the tax is not only placed beyond all defence, bat becomes in itself absolutely criminal, affording a memo rable but melancholy illustration of the evil etkcts of our present system of tea Ilion on the social condition of the IRELAND. DI:BUN, Nov. 9. The Munster journals of this morning are not with out their records of outrage of the usual nature. Oa Sunday night an attack was made on the residence of a Mr. Keating, near Keens, county Limerick. Mr. Keating's eon, a mere lad, fired a pistol at and wounded one f the party, who, however, wrested it from him and dangerously wounded the toy with the weapon. Tne party carried off a gun and pistol. On Saturday night last a party of men beat severely a poor man, named Kenna, near Toomevara, Tippe rary. He expired next day. Cora beizel for r..nt has been carried off in that county. Attacks on the houses of Mr. Sadlier ' Mr. Dagg, a land agent, and on that of a farmer, are also recorded. Three shots were fired into Mr. Sadlier's house, ar.d one into that of Mr. D4gg, but the parties proceeded to no further violence. An incendiary fire also has occurred there ; and in Clare the peasantry have broken down a bridge sear Tulle, to prevent the passage of corn to market. _ _ Fißpp y -siz ejectment de,rees have been obtained at Kilrash sessions just closed; end three towslands in Tipperary union have been cleared during the past week; and on the celebratei Girard oroperty, in Roscommon, where such wholesale evictions took place a few years since, N families have been recently removed. The operation of the poor law has in many cases rudely awakened the attention of the gentry of the country to the condition of the labouring population, and the necessity of affording them employment. This rough conviction of our unhappy social condition is daily more and more impress d upon a class with whom much of the power of remedy lies—the resi dent gentry of the country, and especially in those districts where from peculiar circumstances that class previous to the extension of the poor law to Ireland were especially free from burthen. Among the most recent evidences of this conviction may be reckoned a series of re , .olations proposed on Saturday last at the Ktlls Board of Guardians, and which were only withdrawn in order to try the effect of a memorial embodying the same sentiments which it was agreed should be forwarded to the lord lieu tenant. The meeting on that occasion was presided over by the Marquis of He►dfort, and the proceedings were unanimous. The condition of the union ap pears to be not very prosperous. The liabilities amount to 1,8901., exclusive of the salaries due to the officers of the establishment up to the 29th September, and the difficulty of collecting rates under the present circumstances of the country leaves the guaidians no funds to meet their engagements. They therefore agree that whatever rates are realised shall be ap propriated to the payment of present liabilities; and they declare that if, previous to the let March nest, such an alteration in the law be not made as will enable them to continue relief, they will be obliged to close the house against the admission of paupers, discharging those already therein. The nature of the change they seek is indicaterl in a resolution, which declares that the present law holds out no encourage ment to industry, but, on the contrary, checks it ; that persons who heretofore gave employment in labour are discontinuing it ; and that the alteration in the law required should be such as to force every occu pier to take an interest in the employment of the able-bodied. SCOTLAND. A MONUMENT IN MEMORY OF THE LATE DR. CHALMERS has just been erected over the grave of that divine in the Slut!tern Cemetery, Grange Lean, Edin Farah. The design of the monument Is extremely simple, con.i.ting of three massive slabs of granite projecting from the northern wall of the cemetery. THE LORD RECTORSHIP OF THE GLASGOW UNI VERSITY.—MEETINGS or STUDENTS.—Last night, a meet ing of students attending the university was held in the Humanity Class Room, for the purpose of securing the re-election of Colcnel Mure as reckr. Mr. Hill haring been called to the chair, the meeting was address' I by Messrs. Boyd, Stirling, and Caldwell, and a motion pulled by acclamation to the effect that it was the duty of the students to vote for their present rector. At the same hour, a meeting of th e lib era l stu d ents was held in the Mathem atical Class Room, Mr. Mlihee in the chair. Mr. Langley and Mr. Theobeld severally moved ea I seconded a motion, to tie effect tl at, for the interest of the Univenity, and in compliance with a pledge given last year, it was necessary that a new rector should be elected.—Mr. Morrison said, that he had the honour of proposing for the office of lord rector a man distinguished no less as a poet than an orator, who owed nothing to birth nor rank, but everything to himself, be meant the Right lion. Thomas Babington Macaulay. The motion wee carried by a show of hands. The election, we understand, takes place on Wednesday, the 13th inst.— North British. Mail of Wednesday. PROVINCIAL. TORKSILIRE.. REPRESENTATION 07TIIR WEST RIDING.--In accordance with the resolutions of the meeting of liberal electors held at Wakefield, on Friday last, district meetings are in progress of being held in the various polling districts of the Riding, to ascertain the opinions of the party as to the course to be pursued with reference to the filling up of the vacant seat for the Riding. The meeting for the Leeds dis trict was convened by circular in the Music-hall, Albion street, Leeds, on Wednesday evening ; the Mayor of Leeds presiding. After reading the resolutions passed at the Wakefield meeting, and adverting to the correspondent.e which he had addressed to the lion. Mr. Chas. Fitz willam, , his worship said that he had at length received a reply tram Mr. Fitzwilliam to his letter of the 31st alt., and which was as follows Normantoo, Nov. 4, 11318.—T0 the Mayor of Leeds.--84,—1 beg to acknowledge the receipt of your letter dated October 31. It way came to Wentworth this morning, tearing on the cover the post taut of "Leeds, Oct. 31," of "Barns ley, Oct. 31," and of " itabarbam. Nov. 4." It will be obvious to you. from these dates that I was not apprised of your wish that I should be present at the meeting IBM 1 at Wakefield yesterday or that I should communicate my opinloos pre- Timely to that meeting to you more fully than I have already done, fa Bailment time to allow of my complying withyour request. I entirety concur with you in the opinion that It is the duty of every prison who seeks for the honour of a scat in parliament to make an tuxes served expression of his opinions on the prinripal subjects of political interest of the day. I find that many of the electors of the wed Riding, as well as the gentlemen who met at Wakefield, are anxious that I should give such further explanation of my opinions, and! shall therefore imam a second addrees to them, which will, I tras4 meet their wishes until the further opportunity which my canvass of the Kiang will in a very short time afford the electors of every dle trict ef putting to me such questions rts they may think proper.--I have the honour to be, kw. ( - lifted) CIIAItIZA WILLIAM WI3ITo woani-FiThwiLLIAX. - . A series or resolutions were then adopted approving of the proceedings at Wakefield, but affording no indication as to whether a new candidate might be expected. The follow ing further address from Ur. Fitrwiiliam was placarded yesterday: To TIM ELICTOU of• Tim Wart RRIING or YOUJINIIIIM—GettIe• men,—My friends having now fixed on early day for the commence ment of my canvas, I conceive that it may be agreeable to you that I should express my opinions upon some of the prinelpal questions at present political interest more at length than seemed memory In my original address. I was born and bred a friend to the general Principles of Bee trade, and I do not now see any reason for abandoning those principles in which I have been brought up. It sypears to me that in the recent stagnation In trade, which has arises from CanAes over which legbilailoo has no control, the unfettered entry both of artkles of consumption and the raw materials of our =inductors% has bean of essential be. petit to all classes of the community. Upon the general question of any further endowment of the church by the state I must decline pledging myself. It would be presumptuous in me to bind myself to any particular course of action upon a subject upon which no specitto treaeure has yet been introduced Into parliament, or hea excited pub lic discumioo. I must reserve to nivel the power of giving a fair consideration to any such question, it it should arise, unfettered by previous engagements ; but If the question be narrowed to that of providing fur the Bataan catholic clergy of Ireland, I do not hesitate to declare my opinion that It would be inexpe dient and unjuet to tax the property and industry of Ewen:A for such a purpose. With respect to economy, I am of opinion that the public finance. require the meet strict and rigid attesting, and shall endeavour when in parliament to prove myself a trusty guardian of the public puree. To great organic changes I must confess Boat I am not prepared to give my support; the present condition of those great continental capitals In welch I have mseelt formerly witneeecd, when residing in them, the cointwt and prosperity of the people, affords • striking proof of the evil of sudden and precipitate changes, eves In cases where the undeniable imperfections of emoting consti tutions call fur great ameliorations. We hare the happiness of living under a free constitution, which has been funned by the introduction of such judidous and sueoweive changes We time and experience have proved to be necessary; and In accordance with those political principles In which my fondly has acted, I can never be event to such a development or our free illatilytiona a CilcumstAncesmay from time to time point out to be ea. pedient Actuated by those feeling% I rejoice in the establishment of mtureipal instatutdoos in the larger towns of England, anr. I trust that the principle of Pelf-government may he still further extendol, us I concur with Burke i d the opinion, that " the public election of ma gistrates is one of the tent advantage' of a tree state." lam well aware at the kind indulgence which I may regtitre of yogi, but you may at least rely spas coo hunestendeavour to dueharge wile fideuty whatever duties you may impose upon me —I have the honour to be, Ste.-(Signed.,` ens,. Wa. WOrn•Oarif Yirzand.zen.—Wentworth Woodhouse, Nov. 0, IBM. THE OLD TRIM analN.—At Leeds fair on Wed nesday, a magistrate of that borough was adroitly tricked out of forty pounds by two h , me-dealers, one of whom claimed acquaintance with him, and arked him to buy for him a hone, which he was desirous to purchase of the other man, but who bad refused to sell it to him at any price. When the bargain was concluded, and the money paid, the pretended buyer, who had given his