The Express. — London, England, 1853-06-13 00:00:00

gilt eripvtoo. TO CORItESPONDENTO. & .cad PAW= of •• lbc Expires," costaislteg the some toeflPril “ Goatee," M published este y Teicsday add Filday sled. ea UM Ist post. limussitace•lalen.led Vol " 7be Esproos,.*Lesedou gyms, pops. f psl dap pboo. houverboattoet, by Two o'clock a oaissiiaa lbp . 111011 WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tits TM—manila& ea 4. .........tatintms. ea. tem T '"'"ae w — am U. a. seis.......—AAnsm. la. 22m. LONDON, MONDAY, JUNE 13. TUE leading organ of that party in England who I are for succumbing to Russia openly proposes that the troops of the Cz to should, without resistance, be suffered to occupy Moldavia and Wallachia; and gravely admonishes the Turks to abandon thew pro vinces to the northern spoiler. The pusillanimous plea set up for this treacherous policy is two fold. The Principalities, it is said, stand in a peculiar relation to the Porte. It cannot be denied indeed that their Ilospodars hold directly under the SULTAN, and that although they aro natives of the noble feels they govern, they derive their investiture as well as their authority from the head of the Ottoman Empire. But inasmuch as by the treaties of Bucha rest and Adrianople, the CZAR is entitled to exercise in certain cases the rights of what is termed the Protectorate in favour of his co-religionists resident there, the apologists of Russia argue that these pro vinces must be regarded as owning • divided alle giance, and as forming in reality no " integral por tions "of the Turkish monarchy. What an avowal this of the construction that would be put by Musco vite diplomacy on the concession of similar claims over the whole of the Stamoes dominions ! Hitherto it has been pretended that Prince MEN CIIIKOIT'S demands, however unreasonably urged, were after all founded on a reasonable solicitude on the part of the royal head of the Russian Church for the safety and religious freedom of his fellow-believers under Moslem sway, but that it was unjust to impute to the AGAMEMNON of European Conservatism:any lawless designs of territorial aggrandisement at the expense of leas potent neighbours. The CZAR only asked, in point of fact, for a general extension to all Turkey of the religious protectorate already conceded to him in Moldavia and Wallachia. Such a claim might be exacting, and the manner of it offensive, but at worst the realm of GrumAN would remain intact, and in no case could the other powers of Europe be required to interfere. But now it is nakedly confessed that the provinces upon the Danube are about to be occupied by an overwhelming force; and that inas much as in them the CZAR possesses the harmless rights of " religious protectorate," the Porte must not think of defending them from the invader! What would be the position of ABDUL MEDJID and his successors hereafter were the like harmless rights of interference once conceded as regards the entire empire? . But another and a different reason is undis guisedly hinted at for the insidious advice of non-resistance which our contemporary offers to the Porte. A rash collision between the soldiers of the SULTAN and those of the Auto crat of the North might lead to consequences embarrassing to the other Powers. Have not France and England jointly counselled the Forte to resist the insolent and dishonest demands of Russia ? Have we not told Turkey that Western Europe would never unction any attempt at plunder or con quest at its expense? Have Lot the French and British fleets been ordered to the entrance of the Dardanelles, professedly as a demonstration of our ability and readings, on the first signal of aggression, to interfere effectually for the preservation of an ancient ally? Yet, after all this, and on the very eve of the crisis so long impending, it is openly urged that Turkey would do better, perhaps, to abandon her attitude of honest and confident resistance, and submit to have two of her frontier provinces made the unresisting prey of the Cossack. And why? In order forsooth that in some future Joint Stock Jugglery at Vienna or elsewhere, the Great Powers may be able to negotiate an ar mistice between the belligerents, and to procure for Turkey the redemption of her invaded provinces by some humiliating concession which she cannot now with decency be called upon to make. But what Minister would be suffered by the people of this country to enact a part is such a web of perfidy? The original demands of Prince MENCIIIIOI7 were felt to be such as French and English statesmen, no matter what their party or their predilections, would feel it to be their duty to resist. Hence the attempt made at the contort by the Russian envoy to have them kept secret; and hence the well-founded anxiety of Colonel Rosa that the English fleet should at once approach the Bosphorus, when he had discovered the true character and purport of the Russian proposi tions. It is now, indeed, pretended by the Cabinet of St. Petersburg that the substance, if not the terms, of the convention regarding the Greek Chris tians demanded by Prince MENCILIXOFP was communicated officially to the Cabinets of Lon don and Paris, along with the assurances so often referred to, that the Emperor Ntcnot.AS harboured no schemes at variance with the integrity and inde pendence of Turkey. But it is sufficiently notorious that such an assertion is utterly untrue. No acqui escence or sanction could ever for a moment be given, either by the French or the English Cabinet, to the dangerous and humiliating propositions of Prince MENCLIIKOI7; and no single minister could venture to keep his colleagues in the dark as to the fact of such propositions having been submitted to him. But the aim of such a story is palpable. It' is to am distrust and suspicion between the two great Western Powers, and thereby to neutralise, if possible, their moral and physical might, which otherwise may be exerted for the salvation of Turkey and the preservation of progressive amelioration and freedom in Europe. In the same spirit, and to a like end, no effirts have been spared to frighten and cajole the court of Vienna, with what encase a few days will probably suffice to show. For our se l ves , 1 we should not be surprised at any amount of time serving tergiversation on the part of Austria. When the project of a quadruple remonstrance on behalf of Turkey was first named it maybe remembered that we did not hesitate to point out the unreality of any supposed identity of interests or intentions between Austria and Prussia on the one hand, and France and England on the other. We pointed out, that after the forms of diplomatic " good offices" had been ex hausted, German statesmen would shrug their shoulders and say that they could do no more. The astute advisers of the Autocrat were not likely to be swayed by mere high-sounding names, which they were convinced meant, or might be made to mean, nothing, if the proper pains were taken to paralyse betimes any incipient tendencies to honest, generous, dr far-sighted interference. We shall claim no peculiar credit for discernment should the event prove that Russia, having nude sure of the mute subserviency of the German powers, should reject the proffer of quadruple mediation with well-assumed airs of devoted courage against an overwhelming combination of envious foes, and then after all will come the simple and practical question—can Eng . . . dote to be crushed and despoiled, and allow the first blow to be thus struck at the maintenance of the (Mating liberties of Europe? THE TRUE POLICY OF TENANT FARMERS• A "SIGN of the Times" hu been given by the farmers. In bygone seasons the Royal Agricultural Society, when they had apparently gone through their list of eligible Presidents, have from year to year returned to first favourites, and honoured one or two distinguished individuals by bestowing upon them a second time, after a short interval, the highest honour they have at their disposal. We I might, if it were worth while, run over the list of members, and question whether in the choice of President, as in elections to the council, agricul tural claims had not been sometimes outweighed by aristocratical prejudices. But in the most recent and memorable instance no such criticism can apply. In the President elect, Mr. Pitfur PUSEY, we have a man pre-eminently entitled to the distinction conferred on him—a man who has done more than any other member of the Society, by precept and practice, to forward agricultural pro gress. As a practical farmer, carrying on his opera. lions on a large scale, he has made experiments at a cost, on a scale, and with a zeal and skill that none of the political " farmer's friends" have ventured to imi tate. It is much easier to pour out torrents of wordy, meaningless clap-trap at public meetings and political Ainners, and much more profitable to turn worthless sons into well-paid public servants, than to sink capital in experimental cultiva tion or in the encouragement of agricultural me shanism. As the editor of the Royal Agricultural Society's journal, Mr. PUSEY has been the means not only of permanently recording experi ments, and describing operations which would otherwise have remained unknown beyond the lo calities where they took place, but of calling into existence among the tenant farmers a new class of writers on the practice and science of agriculture. Indeed it is no exaggeration to assert that the Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society, which, fur fulness and variety of information, may bear ad vantageous comparison with any similar productions is mainly the creation of the theoretical and practical skill and zeal of the gentleman who has for so many years gratuitously performed the duty of its editor. And yet, strange as it may sound to men of com mon sense, Mr. PUSEY is, according to the slang of the Protectionist Societies, not • "farmer's friend." At the last election he was compelled to retire from the representation of the cousty in which his patrimonial estate lies, and which he had long represented, by Mr. VarssirranT, a young gentleman whose mysterious merits were then, and still remain, undeveloped. Mr. PUSEY had committed the crime of prophesying that Protection would never be restored; whilst the ItiensoNns and BUTLANDS, the LENNOXES and GILVNBYS, the NEWDEOATES and STANIIOPES, and other county candidates of the " country party," declared that it would and should. The result we now know. But the farmers—like the Irishman who declared that he would be drowned, nobody should save him—not only in Berkshire, but in neraly all the counties—rushed to the poll, and at great expenditure of money, horseflesh, and beer, returned, perhaps, the greatest collection of political turncoats and impostors that ever took their seats in the House of Commons. Nevertheless, in nine meetings of farmers out of ten the name of the father of the LaasoxEs—or even of the wonderful SIBTHORP— wouId be received with ten times more eathu. siaam than that of a man like Mr. PHILIP POSEY, who, after spending • life in the cause of agri culture, had committed the unpardonable crime of speaking the truth too soon. _ _ _ THE EXPRESS, MONDAY phecies of invading armies of foreign cattle. The trading classes, and they only, are prepared to sup port him in every national scheme for reducing national expenditure, abolishing fiscal discourage scuts, and securing proper fixity of tenure. The election of Mr. Pt set ie a " Sign of the Times," which should be followed by others of a similar tendency. IMPORTANT FROM ST. PETERSBURG. (BY Si TILIORAPH.) PARIS, MONDAY )lOnvrra. The English packet, the Caradoc, bearing orders for Admiral Dundee, arrived at Malta on the Bth. The Assemblee Nationale states that a note from St. Petersburg has been communicated to the diffe rent European courts. The Emperor declares that he will maintain his ultimatum, and will occupy the Danubian provinces in the event of a refusal, but that it is not his intention to go to war with Turkey, nor to interfere with the integrity of the Turkish empire. FRANCE. PARIS. SUNDAY EVENING. The following ominous note appears in the tear : A notice inserted in the Moniteur of December 2, 18-52, pointed out to persons struck by the measures of general safety, or condemned for political reamns after December 2, 1851, the course necessary for them to pursue in order to obtain a remission of their sentences, and to return to their fire-sides. The time that has elapsed since that period, hes enabled all the political prioolves who wished to appeal to the clemency of the Emperor to fulfil the tormalities which the government felt it requisite to demand from them in the interest of the general ufety. All have not shown themselves equally worthy of the benefi mace which has been extended to them. In future, pu ling of this nature will only be granted in case it shall be proved, after an attentive examination, that the liberation of those soliciting them will not be dangerous to order and public tranquillity. As a commentary upon this note, I have to inform you that political arrests have been going on all this week, and I am assured this morning that at least 300 republicans have been arrested since the other day, when I spoke of 70 or 80 arrests as having been recently made. In the Batignolles, the Rue de Berlin, Montmartre, and Moutrouge, among other places domiciliary visits have been made by the po lice, and numbers of apparently quiet inoffensive me chanics and labourers (for these arrests have been con finedalmoet entirely to the working classes) have been snatched away from their families, and are now au secret. The only pretxet I have heard resigned for this ramie, is a rumour of the vaguest possible kind, of some conspiracy against the Emperor to have been executed on Friday last at the Hippodrome. Some say the police has a list of sworn regicides, others, that a band of republicans had plotted to seize the person of the Emperor at the Hippodrome, and him off. The absurdity of the latter supposition itself. But if it be true that any plot whatever has boon discovered, why does not the Moulton say Instead of speaking in this mysterious way ? No ardection could be made to the arrests of persons sus pected upon any reasonable ground of a design to assassinate, but the French people are beginning to tire of arbitrary arrests without any reason that will bear stating. France cannot be perpetually governed upon coup delat principles, and those who wish for the stability of the empire have, most of all, reason to regret the necessity or caprice, whichever it may be, that has led to this fresh specimen of a system which pt might have been hoped after the tranquillity that has long prevailed, there was a dis position to abandon. I learn from a source worthy of credit that it is intended to transport this last batch of prisoners to Cayenne without trial. If this be done I believe it will raise a feeling of indignation in the public mind, the expres sion of which it will be impossible to repress. I am assured that a resolute attempt will be made to appeal to a court of law against an act which, although it has frequently been committed without question, end by the right of force, is still illegal even under the constitution granted by Louis Napoleon Bonaparte. I have seen a letter from a political prisoner at Belleisle, stating that M. Meinier, s captain of the National at Marseilles, Who was sentenced to fifteen years' imprisonment in June, 1848, is just dead. He was in perfect health down to December 2, 1831, but then the prison rations were diminished, and his health has since gradually de clined. This letter speaks of the health of the pri soners generally as being in a sad state, owing to their manifold hardships. The hospital is said to be almost a nonenity. The surgeon, an old retired officer, lately received a gratuity of .500 fr. for the savings that he had effected in that department. In truth, notwithstanding the thousands of political pardons that have been granted, the prisons are yet so crowded that although no one in particular may be chargeable with wilful cruelty, it is materially impossible to provide for the proper treatment of the prisoners. - The jealous misconstruction of the motives of a country gentleman who may be clear-headed enough to see the value of free trade is extended with tenfold bitterness to those free traders who happen to be born in towns, and who do not admire such recent converts as DERBY, Diskant, and Co. And yet at this time a very considerable body of tenant farmers are engaged in discussing and agi tating with the view of effecting certain changes and reforms which their popular idols look upon with undisguised disgust and contempt, and which they can never hops to carry without the assistance, not only of enlightened men like Mr. Pussy, but of the Free Traders and Liberal politicians whom it is their habit to attack sad disparage. It was but the other day that the Winchester TURKEY. Farmers' Club, being engaged in considering " The l advantage of Political Discussions in Farmers' Despatches from St. Petersburg state that Prince Clubs," were gravely warned by a land agent that Clorschakoff had been appointed to the command of the army of 120,000 men on the Pruth. The corps the introduction of such subjects would bring upon of modier, have received orders to hold themselves them the displeasure of their landlords ; and that is in readiness to march into Poland, to supply the true. The landlords had no objection to Protectionist places of those who have been moved to the South. Societies because the only arguments permitted A telegraphic despatch has arrived from Trieste were strictly orthodox—that is to say, on the side of gehPacorlatid from tenn firtred tan to tin tt e re of p the :ti t :esti the majority; and even in societies like the London the Great Powers a memorandum explaining and Farmers' Club, nominally confined to discussing justifying the conduct of Turkey in the difference practical questions, no speaker was ever called to with Russia, and stating the heads of the new oon order for political allusions while each references cessions rich the .Sultan proposes to make to the were " protectionist." But now it is considered by Christians of all denominations. The same despatch contradicts in the most positive manner the rumour landlords and land agents to be a kind of treason to that the offer of mediation by Austria had been re jected. Tenant Right, or the Malt Tax, or the Law jected. On this last head, as upon the rest, the of Settlement, or, we presume, since the last deci- despatch is doubtless truthful. The mediation of sion of the Royal Agricultural Society, "the use of Austria has not been rejected, because it has never A gr i cu lt u ral Statistics." Because, if farme r , be g i n been offered, and could not be offered in the present to discus such questions without the beacon of posture of t affairs. Austria e may fulfil uller_t_reatyn hg:grmienran s, or ac le:run Protection to keep them right, they may not be con- e rnto th ta and rms of a lealy . Cesar, flin g tent with diecussin tt g—they may wish to act and she has neither the high position nor the power of a to vote. They may demur to the old mediator in the present quarrel. Letters from rale of taking their political opinions with their Vienna and Paris agree in stating that his " good farms. Viewing in this light, the landlords are (Lia_c e e d s" to l 7 ffer all and that thathe Austrian trhiaaanbZnipienrfoor rmed Ls: crafty enough when they object to discussions by Ail. the breach with Turkey is too wide to permit their farmers about legislative questions on those sole oc- acceptance in this ease. melons when farmers meet to discuss anything. But The latest accounts from Jassy and Galata are of a farmers are not so docile as they were. In one di- character to place out of doubt the imminence of an rection they demand control over the county rates; invasion i of the principalities of the Danube. Molds in two extraordinary cases—Notts and Cambridge— via, lying between Wallachia and the Pruth (the Porata of Ilerodotus), which separates t from the they have repudiated landlord dictation, and returned Russian province of Bessarabia, would be first occu to the House of Commons their own men—one of p ied b y the troops of the Czar. There are no Turkish i these being a tenant farmer. The movement for ob- soldiers in either of the northern principalities, as taming, if not tenant rights, that fixity of tenure there are in Berrie. The treaty of Balta Liman which is alike essential for agricultural improve- stipulates that th ; a o t te n ct e i ither T w ur r k s er mo t i lri ntr eo u rr;ign, .nor merit and political independence, is spreading. In R ussia Moldav t ia e of Wallachia , except for securing t ° hesa ron l f n ety ° lfact, Free Trade has given a fillip to the —of the local governments. The rulers of the princi political as well as the agricultural progress of the palities, called Hoepodars (from Goepodin, Sclavonian tenant farmer class. Yet the force of bad habit for lord) are nominated for seven years, and are en still prevails. The agriculturists are yet apt to titled by the constitution to administer the govern abuse or distrust that middle class and that section of merit il for the mes of the people alone; but they have the press which alone is prepared to give them the ; I n t itien ti ce. The pop the o u v l e a r t r c lw o efing e p t re w ss o u p re ri o n f ei ß pa u l s i s t i i a e n s support they require in effecting the reforms they i s a b ou t 3,300,000. The people, who call themselves need. The result of the meeting at Chichester for Roomons, or Humans, speak a peculiar language, the repeal of the Malt Tax—where not one of the which is a mixture of de ba sed Latin and county magnates appeared to support their tenant- Sclavonic. Most of the inhabitants profess farmer friends—ought to read them a lesson. Would t h e Or o k religion tthe— of- -2 w'ho h m ow ar ev e er ' amn the landlords have been absent at a similar meeting them 'Hun gar ian s , ofthe principalities ca tholic.. few before regular troops before the last election ? to bo of any account in a war such as that with I Let farmers apply the same test to every other prac- which the country is threatened. Wallachia has tical question, and they will find the same result. They two infantry and one cavalry regiments, while the will not find a LExtrox supporting a representative army of Moldavia is let smaller by a regiment of control over county rates, or a NEWDEGATE in favour infantry. woo mn into Th° 11 1 :field s . " U tz; together couldcim circumstan ces, t ta b n ring of leases or tenant right. The great guns of Proteo. and the fortresses of the Danube not having been tion consider legislation one of their feudal privileges repaired since the last war, there appears little and are not going to transfer it to their tenants. eraiomiblance in tho statement of the mane Wan ! The commercial middle class—the Free-traders—areiderer that 30,000 Turkish soldiers under Newly the natural allies and true friends of the farmer, for I Paella, will cross the Danube übeand enter the f.rinci they have not cajoled him into paying electioneering it h e tY t as reary n o ` f ° I t tlta t Lininasncmgsis cros the ves 'Turkey the expenses by promises of impossible " protection," or right of introducing into Moldo-Wallachia' as • " '• ' " •• _-; --:: EVENING, JUNE 13, 1853.. it gives her the right of considering an unwgrrant able occupation of the principalities as a declaration of war, but it cannot bind the Sultan to take up a , bad military position in warfare. A letter from Jassy, of the Ist, announces that Prince Ghika had just received important despatches from St. Petersburg, and had immediately called together his council to deliberate. It was rumoured that these despatches related to applications for pro visions for the first corps of the Russian army. Our own letters from Constantinople state that the Turkish commander will adopt the line of the Balkan as the best natural defence of Turkey Proper in the first instance, and only cross the Danube when able to dispose of a very considerable force. The Petrie has the following in its intelligence from Constantinople: "The Greek population, which continued to be tranquil and devoted to the govern ment, seemed anxious about a great event predicted by several Greek priests, and which was to take place the next day, May 29, the 400th anniversary of the taking of Constantinople by the Turks. The greatest number, regarding as favourable the nature of this event, appeared to think that the prediction applied to the publication of the firman concerning the pro tection of the Christians, which it was said had been already communicated to the ambassadors. The situation, in its aggregate, continued the same." The New Prussian Gazette, under date of Vienna, 6th, says :—" It is now positively known that the note brought by the Baron de Meyendorff repeats the declaration that Russia will not make any modifica tion in her policy relative to the Ottoman Porte. Our government, in t rder to be prepared for any eventuality, has reinforced our troops in Croatia, and has sent cannon and ammunition to Carlstadt. Some new regiments of cavalry are to be organised." A telegraphic despatch from Vienna of the 7th, in the New Munich Gazette, says :—" New propositions concerning the Eastern question have been sent by a courier to Constantinople. The last news arrived from St. Petersburg is very pacific." A letter from Vienna of the 7th, in the Cologne Gazette, says:—"lt is positively stated that the repre sentatives of Austria and Prussia at Constantinople have declared opinions similar to those of France and England, but they at the same time stated that they did not know the views of their governments , on the subject." The Trieste Gazette states, from Constantinople, that the Turks are much better piepared with the means of resistance against Russia than is generally supposed. They have, it is said, in their store • houses, the means of supporting an army of 200,000 . men for seven months. Thirty of the richest Pashas and Bays have offered to raise 00,000 men at their . own expense, and the Ulemas have assured the Sultan , that they will raise even more than that number. , From the extreme points of Arabia and Persia offers . of assistance have also been received. The Debats calculates that the order sent to the French fleet must have reached Salamis on Friday last, and that u it is well provisioned and commanded by an officer of great energy, it would arrive in Besica Bay, at the entrance of the Dardanelles, on the 12th or 13th (this day). Should circumstances require an advance to Constantinople, the distance might be done, as the Debats calculates, in forty eight hours. HOLLAND. Considerable sensation has been occasioned at the Hague by the announcement that Baron de Mahoz, the Russian minister plenipotentiary, is about to leave to pass the summer in the Rhenish provinces. This is looked upon as a quasi recall. The baron is a Roman catholic, and has made him self disagreeable to the King of Holland by his un di-guiscd disapproval of the measures taken for re sisting papal encroachments. ITALY. The Augsburg Gazette states that on the 4th the police of Milan discovered a quantity of antis and ammunition accreted in a solitary place. A telegraphic despatch from Venice announces that the King of Bavava arrived in that city on the 7th. The Piedmontese Gazelle states that the Federal Government has given orders for the prompt comple tion of the fortifications of the pass called Luzientieg. We read in the Corriere Mercantile of Genoa, of the 7th, that the Italian Rifle Society has announced a competition for prizes in sharp-shooting, to take place at Genoa, from the 12th to the 26th inst. A circular has been addressed to the National Guard, and to other rifle clubs, inviting them to send depu ties to the projected solemnity. SWITZERLAND. The German Journal of Frankfort asserts that Austria is about to bring the Anstro-Helvetic dispute before the Germanic Diet, and has already presented the documents connected with the subject. The New Zurich Gazette states that the Austrian troops on the Swiss frontier have been reinforced. The New Prus sian Gazette states that the Austrian chargé d'affaires will return to Berne in a few days. We give these rumours as they reach us, leaving the responsibility of them to the authorities quoted. The following paragraph relating to the present disposition of France as regards the Austro-Swiss question appears in the Independance Beige : According to information, coining, as we believe, from a very good source, the attitude of the French government towards Switzerland, in regard to the difference between that country and Austria, has just undergone an important modification. After being at lint disposed to support the steps taken by Austria, or at least to leave Austria to act according to the view she m ight take of her own in the cabinet of the Tuileries has recently declared itself opposed to the employment of any coercive measures, and M. de Balignao Fenelos,:on his return to Berne, is said to have expressed himself to the federal council in language totally different to that used a few days before by M. Gobineau. _ _ The Turkish question inclines the powers to ad journ all other quarrels. An article in the Zeit, a semi-official journal of Berlin, tends to show that Prussia has for the moment no idea of interfering in the affairs of Switzerland. GERMANY. Summonses have been issued fora ctudoma con ference, at Berlin, on the 4th July next. THE UNITED STATES. ARRIVAL OF THE AFRICA. LIVERPOOL, SUNDAY. By the arrival this morning of the British and North American royal mail steam-ship Africa, Capt. Harrison, we are put in possession of files of New York papers to the let inst. inclusive. The Africa left New York at noon oa the Ist inst., with the usual mails from the United States and British North America (under the care of LieuL Lewis, R.N., Admiralty agent), 180 passengers, and 603,10 dol lars in specie. The United States' mail steam-ship Arctic, Captain Luce, from hence, arrived at New York on the 29th ult., and the Royal Mail steam-ship Arabia, from hence, on the forenoon of the 31st ult. Our New York correspondent says: " A voluminous collection of documents has just been published by the provincial government of Nova Scotia, consisting of correspondence and reports relative to the fishery question, and to the measures of the British ministry, during the last sea son, to prevent the encroachments on the coast fisheries of American fishing vessels. These documents detail at great length the movements of the various war vessels which have been engaged in the protec tion of the coast, and show the most indefatigable activity on the part of their officers and crews. Cap tain Colin W. Campbell, of the steamship Devasta tion, appears to have been particularly serviceable; and Captain Daly, of the revenue schooner Halifax, and Captain Laybold, of the brigantine Halifax, scarcely less so; but all these gentlemen, in their reports, concur in representing, while they condemn the encroachments of the American fishermen on the rights secured to the colonists by treaty, their great superiority to their lawful rivals, both in industrial enterprise and in the build of their boats. The Ame rican vessels, it is said, arc of the very beet descrip tion, beautifully rigged, fast sailers, well furnished, and carrying large and effective crews. Of all the English vessels in the Gulf of SL Lawrence, last or five that mad compete in any way with the !took two vessels from the Portenoe, mei 8 .--- o ir , 7 ap. American. This concession may explain a good deal . peared with them to blockade the port. of the dissatisfaction that exists among the colonists, The Director of the Confederatiou had issued though the fact does not justify, but rather aggro- memorial to the foreign consuls, setting itletedt4 sates, the trespass of those who invade their righ's. reasons which had compelled him to As the most profitable fisheries--those of the snack- . stricter measures in dealing wish Buenos gyres, to erel—begin about the middle of July, it is to be hoped 1 denouncing the illegality of their proceedings: 9 ' aid that, whatever negotiations are on foot between the ! The local papers speak despondingly of the fat arc United States and Great Britain will be completed Some hope was entertained that the ministers e t before the season arrives. Brazil and Bolivia would succeed in devising a bs.; - " The invectives of the Spanish newspapers on for settling the differences which sep arate - 1i - " 5 the appointment of Mr. Soule as minister to Spain, Ayres from the general system of the confiderautelort jest received here, do not produce much sensation, as This was all that General Urquiza required, that the 1 it is not generally believed that they represent the internal affairs of the province of Buenos Ayres s h ould ' feelings of the Spanish government. It is admitted be settled by appeal to the people, and that the p ro. that Spain would have a perfect right to refuse to re- since should assume federal r e l at i ons towards it. ceivo him, if his speeches on Cuban affairs are consi- neighbours. We read in the Commerei,, d,./ Plata ; offensive; but Spain would gain nothing by —" It is to be feared that the m e d iat i on of Brazil such a course, and only exasperate the feelings of the and Bolivia will fail, and in this case, it is stud, , t e, Americans. Mr. Soule is in some degree identified belligerents will accept that offered by France a n d with the filihusteros, but by no overt act, and only England. Baron Ilothain and the Chevalier st partly in sentiment; while in all his speeches he has George, howevee, make it a condition of their medi a : expressed himself with great moderation in respect tion that certain preliminary bases which they Ic a to the Spanish government and character. propese shall be accepted previously by b ot h "It is a piece of joyful intelligence for many a parties." home in Ireland, that the 200 poor emigrants, rc- BRAZILS. ported to have beta lost by the wreck of the ship RIO DE JANEIRO, MAI: 14. William and Mary, on the Great Isaacs, near Our temperate season has commenced, arid th e Bahama, were all, with the exception of two, rescued cit y is considered g enerall y healthy , always except. by a schooner, after the captain and the crew aban- log the terrible yellow fever, which s till ma k es many doned the sinking vessel. They have been carried victims daily, and we ham now lost a ll h ope of sect into Savannah, Georgia, whence we get this news by seein g the cit y free from it. telegraph. The conduct of the captain and his Transactions in our coffee market f rom packet to crew appears to have been cowardly and cruel, to an whet did not reach an average. atrocious extent, and they deserve the execration of We estimate the sales from last steamer at all mankind. The poor creatures thus providentially 135,000 bags, of which 70,000 wer e f or L uropela saved, have probably lost their all, but they will be markets, and 60,000 for the States. O ur s hi pments duly cared for, by our benevolent people. from Ist July to end of April were 1,680,000 hags. "It is now officially announced that the Industrial remained over for shipment from last month's ma. Exhibition will not be opened till the 15th of July. 35,000 bags; sales from Ist inst. to this day. 85,003 This is a reat disappointment to thousands. Th e bags ; giving a total of 1,800,000 bags. Therefore g assertion that the delay has been occasioned by their the exportation of this crop season will exceed list regard to a high standard of agricultural beauty is of any previous year. a mere pretence, utterly unworthy of gentlemen en- For the future, though the coming crop is doubt. trusted with such a commission. Their own incom- l es s below an avera g e, we do not app. chend any peteney and mistakes are the causes to which the fall i ng off in the shipments of the present year. delay ought to be credited. Besides, as they have The quantity of old coffee remaining in th e i nter i or leas 600,000 bags will pass over to the new placed the Crystal Palace on ono of the most un- is still ‘ very large, say 800,000 bags, of which at sightly spots in the city, no beauty that can be given crop the structure will redeem the situation." I year, which, taken at its very lowest estimate of 1,200,000 bags, will be thus increased to I.e' ..... ~500,000, or about an average. This of course is taking it for granted that all the coffee is brought to market, and that planters aro not induced to hold, in the hope of obtaining higher prices. From some small parcels of new coffee already arrived we have reason to he. hove that the crop will be unusually tine iu quality. During the remainder of last month, and up to the arrival of the Teviot, little was done in exchange, which ruled at 27.4 d. to 28d. Heavy transoetions in coffee on the 9th improved the market, and we note an advance of fully:4d. About 315,0001. have been passed for this conveyance on London, at rates vary. mg from 28d. to 2841 Upon Paris the quotations have been 340 to 315, at which rates about 580,000 t were passed. Money is exceedingly scarce, and discounts are ruling at 71 to 8 per cent. The chambers were opened on the 3rd, and on the 6th the Minister of Finance presented the following estimate for the year : Revenue, 31,000,000 expenditure, 30,471,0841; surplus, 3,328,934. The minister also presented to the chamfers a plfa for a new bank of issue—of which the propelled capital was 30,000,000. The only vessels of war in port are the Bonetti and French steamer Flambard. MONTEVIDEO. In this state nothing has occurred since the lad mail to disturb public tranquillity. The ministerial crisis had passed over, and all classes of the people were anxious for the continuance of domestic peace. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, JUNE 1. There are no material changes in the quotations of stocks at the board to-day. The sales of Erie Railroad shares at the first board were 2,100, at an advance of 1 per cent. above yesterday. The sales were also large in Harlem, Ni caragua Transit, and Cumberland Coal Co. The Africa has about 700,000 dula. of gold in ingots, en gaged for shipment. As this gold has never been deposited in bank, its exportation has no effect upon the money mar ket, the supply of which is ample for all business purposes. Loans on call are made at 6 per cent.; short paper dis counted at 6to 61, and 4 to 6 months; paper at 7 per cent. per annum. There has been a fair demand for foreign ex change: Loudon, 1091 to 110 ; Parie, 5121 to 51.5 ;;Amster dam, 41 to 414; Hamburg, 361 to 301 ; Bremen, 791 to 791; Frankfort, 4 to 41. Corros.—* he demand has been active since the sailing of the Baltic on the 28th inst., and prices have further ad. vanced to lc. per lb. The sales have been as follows :- 28th, 4,000 ; 30th, 4,500 ; and today reported on 'Change, 2,600 ; and subsequently, 1,000. Spinners who have been waiting, under advice, for lower rates are now buying freely, and the disposition to invest in the staple is daily increasing, owing to the rapid winding up of the incoming crop and the unfavou:ablo condition of the growing one. The foreign advices, by their lifeless tenor, have Merely moderated the advance : E: ilia. Mld. o.lm. dew Orleans and _ - Tess: - 9j 93 Kt 101 111 11l Motile, Florida and Uplands Interior quality nominal at Bje. to 9e. noun.-Sour nominal, 4 dole. to 4 dole. 121 c.; unin spected and No. 2, 4 dolts. 24c. to 4 dole. 311 c.; ordinary to favourite State, 4 dols. 561 c. to 4 dole. 621 e.; mixed to fancy Michigan and Indiana, 4 doll. 621 c. to 4 dols. 75c. ; common to good Ohio, 4 dols. 621 c. to 4 dols. 871 c ; fancy to extra Michigan, Ohio, and Gennessee, 4 dolt. 75c. to 6 dolt. ; Canadian in bond, 4 dolt. 50c. to 4 doll. 661 c ; Bal timore, Alexandria, and Georgetown, 4 dols. 871 c. to 5 dols. 50c. ; fanc and extra ditto, 5 dols.soc. to 6 d015.50c.; Richmond City ( Raxall and Gallego), 8 dole. Rye flour, 3 doll. 75c. ; corn meal, 3 dols. to 3 dole. 371 e. GRAIN.-Wheat, Ohio red and mixed, per 60 lbs., 110 c. ' to 112 c. ; ditto white, 120 c. ; ditto Michigan, 118 c. to 120 c.; ditto Germania, 128 c. to 130 c. ; ditto Canadian (in bond), 115 c. to 116 c. Rye, per 56 lbs., 06e. to 100 c. ; barley, per 48 ditto, 65e. to 70e.; oats, state and western, 46c. to 49c. ; Indian corn, south white, 61c. to 62c. ; ditto yellow, Sic. to 65c. ; ditto western mixed, 61c. to 62c. ; ditto Jersey white and yellow, 63c. to 65c. FREIOHTS.-TO Liverpool : There is a fair amount offering-wheat at &1., and in ships' bags at Bd. Cotton, I Id. to 9-32 d. Flour is ls. 71d. to Is. 9d. Bacon, 201. To London : Tobacco per hhd., 30.. Flour per brl., 2e. Tur pentine per 2801b5., 3s. Measurement goods per ton, 28s. to 30s. Heavy Goods, oil, &c., 20s. to 255. Beef per tierce, 4s. to Si. Oil cake per bbl., 2s. 3d. To Havre : Cotton square bales per lb., Ic. Ashes per ton, 8 dolt, to 10 dole. Rice, 10 dole. Quercitron bark, 10 dolt. Measurement goods, 19 dols. Whalebone, &c., per lb., ac. SOUTH AMERICAN MAILS. A summary of the following intelligence was pub lished on Saturday, in the Express ; The Royal Brazilian Mail Packet, Teviot, Captain Onslow, from the Brazils, &c., arrived at South ampton on Saturday morning, and landed her mails under the charge of Lieut Whipple, R.N., Admiralty agent. Her dates of sailing are—Buenos Ayres, May 2 ; Monte Video, May 5 ; Rio de Janeiro, May 15 ; Pernambuco, May 22 ; Bahia, May 19. The Teviot has made the best and quickest passage out to Brazil and back again ever known. She ar rived at every place two, three, and four days before her time, and arrived in Southampton five days be- fore her time. H.M. vessels at Buenos Ayres: Centaur, Trident, and Locust, steamers. At Rio de Janeiro : Iteceiv- i in g ship Crescent, Bonetta, and Sharpshooter. H.M. sloop Express was at anchor at Bahia, but about to proceed to Rio. Commander Feed was taken ill with yellow fever on the 11th May, and died on the 14th. All the merchants, officers of the Brazilian men-of-war, and other authorities, at tended his funeral. The merchants had subscribed 701. towards erecting a tablet to his memory, he was so liked by all. H.M. steam frigate Vain struck on the N. Kilchup on the evening of the 7st inst., at about 7.30 p.m. On the 22nd of Mav, about .5.30 p.m., observed an English barque ahead, to. On arriving within bail found her to be the Ancia from Bahia, with many cases of yellow fever on board. Sent the sur geon on board. On the 29th of May,off St. Vincent, sig nalled the Jolly Robin, steering to the southward. ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION. On the morning of the 2nd ult., when the steamer Prince left Buenos Ayres, the city was hemmed in by sea and by land. General Urquiza, after pro- claiming that the "fatal obstinacy of the political circle which had possessed itself of the arms and power in the city against the general will of the province of Buenos Ayres," compelled him to assume an attitude he would sincerely have desired to avoid, the general-in-chief of the national squadron issued a notification, dated April 23, announcing "that the blockade in the aforementioned part of this port is established from this date, conceding a term of six days, reckoned from said date, for foreign vessels to qu►t the inner roads, and twenty days for those that are in the outer roads." The pressure of the siege was severely felt in the city. The stocks of export produce were exhausted, merchants were proceeding to Monte Video and to the ports of Zarate, San Fernando, Ensenada, and Salado, all in the province of Buenos Ayres, and which General Urquiza, as Director of the Confede ration, had licensed as ports of entry and despatch for foreign flags. The naval blockade had been notified to the body' of British merchants by her Majesty's consul, Mr. M. T. Hood, a proceeding of which the party in power in Buenos Ayres much complained, as involving a' recognition of Urquiza's supremo authority in the Confederation. Hostilities were denounced by the de facto govern ment of Buenos Ayres on the 13th of April in a de spatch full of intemperate language addressed to the Director of the Confederation. No very serious en gagement had since taken place, but in a number of combats the advantage was all on the side of the federal and provincial forces. General Urquiza, however, had forborne to order an attack upon the town, preferring that the government should fall of l ite own weakness. On the 17th of April the squad ron of the Buenos Ayrcan government wont out towards Martin Garcia to find out and capture the fleet of the rebels, the city ge.ernment calls Cie COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE , RIO DE JANEIRO, May 14. EXCHANGES, &c.—Londoo, 280. to 281 d. firm; Parit, 340 345; Hamburg, 635; Commercial Bank, 695; Brim! Bank, 60, prem.; Six per Cent. Stock, 108; Provincial, 101.102 ; Spanish Doubloons, 29.400 29.500 ; Spanish lars, 1.900 to 1.9 W; sovereigns, 8.700 to 8 800. COFFEE.—Superior, 4.200 to 4,300; good first, 3.8408 4 ; American cargoes, 4 to 4.050 ; stock this day, 100,010 bags. Stmert. —White campos, 2.400 to 2.600 ; seconds, 2.201 to 2.400 ; brown, 1.900 to 2.100. Stuck this day, 1.603 cases. __ Mom—Heavy, 195 to 200 ; light, 225 to 230 per lb. Fumowra.—Antwerp, 651.; Hamburg, 70s. ; Canal, 70!, to 751.; Loudon, 600. PERNAMBUCO, MAY 22. SroAß•.—The advice, brought by this boat, although of an unsatisfactory character for the article, have not hses productive of any change in our market. Prices haw ruled throughout the month exceedingly firm, and the operations influenced by a decline in freight have been con siderable. Stocks are muck reduced, and cannot be esti mated at over 10,000 bags of all aorta. Quality damp. A continuance of winterly weather keeps back ar rivals from the • country, and, for the present, we see no reason to aaticipato lower prices. Since our last 925 tons have gone to the United States, 555 tons to the Mediterranean, 933 tons to the Channel, sad ' 510 tons to Liverpool. Exports from let November, 1852, to the 12th ilia, 48,226 tons, being an excess of 15,400 tom over crop of last year, at the same period. The following I vessels are now loading for the Cle.nnel Portia, Bryn Yellor ; the Mediterranean: Eliza Hall, St. Bribade, Aurora, El Dorado, Franklin, Lento-tine, ltimac, Bouts, and Monte Allegro. Corrow.—Wet weather keeps back arrivals from the country, and the weekly entries de not average over 6115 700 bags. We quote prices rather higher-45y 5.3005 to .5,600 parrs,. free on board. Meceios have been pur chased at 6.000 free on board. Exports in April, 2,693 bags. HIDE,.—A scarcity of the article prevents operations, and we quote them nominally worth 140 s. per lb. Export in April, 11,900. PERU:MTS.—Owing to large supplies of shipping rate, have undergone a rapid decline. We quote them 10s. to 455. to the Channel, 501. to the Mediterranean, and cotton to Liverpool. Last charters are Lady Mansell, English schooner, to load sugars direct for Gothenburg at 555 per ton ; and the Bryn Villor, English brig, at 459. ; Gs. to to the Channel, a port in the United Kingdom, or Conti nent, between Havre and Hamburg ; 5.55. to the Baltic, not higher than Stettin ; and 6.33. to the Mediterranean. All with 5 per cent. primage. EXCHANOB.-28d. to 280. per 1,000. Operations at the later rates to the extent of 70,0001. sterling for this boat. Discounts, Bto 10 per oust., wending to time. AUSTRALIA. THE AUSTRALIAN PACKET-SHIP, BOMBAY. Among the passengers brought home by the Brazilian packet Teviot, which arrived at Southampton on Saturday, were about 50 belonging to the Australian lion Bombay, which put into Rio in a leaky condition. nib following notice of the Bombay appears in the Melbas's. Argue of a late date : " THE VICTORIA EXODUS.— Amongst the numbers Of old residents now leaving the colony, the passengers by the fine old Indianian, the Bombay, occupy a position worth? of remark. Amongst them we havo Mr. Johnstea, late member for the city and long well known in connection with public business in the colony. As an active anti-transportoi tionist, and identified with the popular and progressive party in our political world for years, Mr. Johnson leaves behind him many sincere friends. Another passenger is ter. Green, whose activity and promptitude in the conveyance of our mails in the earlier stages of colonial history, ren dered very great services to his fellow colonists Mr. Green has been a great patron of our public institutions, and has always displayed a kind heart and energetic temperament. 1 We also notice Mr. James Murray, very well known as one iof our oldest colonists, and very generally and deservedly respected. Mr. Macredie, his son•indaw, Mr. Cordell, first mayor of Melbourne and member for the city; Mr. Collyer, of Green Hills; Mr. Furlonge, and others. It is rather a sorrowful thing to find so many of our oldest WW dents leaving us, but it is some satisfaction to know that few of them go without a fair share of the good things of the richest country in the world ; and if we can only !Ito' cecd in et irring up our empty mockery of a government into securing some approach to a better condition of society, we have a very strong conviction that numerous as are the desertions at present from our shores the time will came when moat of our runaways will be glad to come hook I again." The Bombay left Melbourne on the 27th of Febrairi last, a few days after the Atraveida. which brought she latest news we have received, she left with a very rough and inadequate crew, not one of whom would Join the vessel without 451. for the run home. The name of the captain of the Bombay is Flamansk. She heel on beard about eighty passengers 27,000 ounces of gold, 2,40 J bolos of wool, and thirty tons of tallow. She made a good too, to Cape Horn in five weeks, near the Falkland iths oat e , the crew became mad, and attempted to murder the captain and wounded him SO lillSgelBllSly don the mate was obliged to take charge of the shit'. A l " ut two days afterwards the Bombay sprunk a leak of an alarm ing nature. The crew were unwilling and unable to ow nage the ship and manage the pumps, aii,l the latter del was obliged tube undertaken by the pass tigers. The frw tlemen passengers worked at the pumps incessantly for eight dare and nights, while the ship WAS making 20 mo t of water in 2 I hours. The lady passengers were o bli g ed to act as cook and stewardesses. While in this fearful extrema? a gale come on, and carried away nearly every hit , of :.1.1.1. piss Tei al i n m tt d 801 l sell six 337 son cliii Nc itch fou Me, fro, bou eau don Brit mei by can frot the fold the hie cou Bri con