The Express. — London, England, 1851-08-16 00:00:00

the ersreoo. TO CORitESPON DENTS, A F 4.0.4 FAltion .1 Ile T.apreee.. oestatats^ 1,, sir ... meric . l Casette," is pubil-bed *way Tuesday ar A 164 .7 awn., tine by post dere: tisefuesot Intended for " TLe Ups ....te uok , „ raw ow, ' mot Se et the ttetce i 5041 " 74 "dee1d, W Two o'clock the day of pubis:Aliso. RIGA WATER AT LONIYJN BRIDGE LMT—Murnisg. 416 311-a Artimsoms. 4k 31ra. To-tozauw—llonshil. Its• Altman, Sa. 27m. LONDON, SATURDAY; AUGUST 16. Mx fibis's speech at the North Western Rail way Company's meeting yesterday, was in every respect a remarkalale manifesto. In the midst of struggle and conte•A of war with the Great Welter)), I to preserve all th e traffic of the Mersey ; and of des- , perate hostility - with the Great Nordin - it, to keep, through her wh e y, the Midlands, a large share of the traffic to and north of Leeds and York ; whilst ex panding his awn connexion into distant Wales, and assuming f usher liabilities in the heart of England; even, in Ole heat and turmoil of all this rivalry. of ' this Bp tan of defence and attack, of thrust' and p' erry, Mr. GLYN, like FALKLAND, has peace," ever on his lips : Ile mourn fully deplores the engagements in which he' bean no great a ohare; sighs for a restoration of train quillity ; takes small comfort in the increasing' receipts of the Exhibition Reason ; apologises for the mode in which the dividend of the first half of the year is maintained; and finds comfort chiefly in, and utters the language of exultation only over, a proposition for carrying on a better trade tn mer ehtualbse in the City of London. What can be more instructive than Mr. Gbvs's desponding tone?. -what more snggestiva than his sincere and hearty dislike of those contentions in which he is so frequently victorious?—what more rational than his desire for the return of a period of railway tranquillity ; when the lamb shall lie down in pence with the lion, and boards of directors become convinced that the natural develop ment of traffic is a far better policy titan invasions of each other's territories, or diplomatic contests for routes which parliament meant to he independent and useful alike to all their neighbours? But how distant dues this millennium of railway concord sold happiness appear! Directorates are at present in a state of mind similar to that in which na tions were a century and a half ago; under the sad delusion, that their own prosperity and success in this world must he very much founded on and chitily pruned from advantages filched from this neighbour and terms forced from that; from' acquisitions here, leases there, guarantees every where, alliances o ff ensive and defensive right and kn. The mistake will. however, turn out to he as great fur railways Ws it has proved to be for nations; indeed, experience is already showing that the sir's pler a railway policy is, the less embarrassed with contracts and engagements, the more in ac c ordan c e with those great principles of independence in which the legislature granted acts of ineorpration the larger will be dividends, the serum - will be capital, the more permanent will be property. Such is the moral of the Brighton line. As Gamuts re marks of conquests, so it may with equal truth he said of railway policy : one railway alliance begets another ; Vaal succeeding engagement is mitre em burrassing than the preceding, until. at last, the two great lines of the kingdom. the North-Western and the Great Western, are bound down by a net work of policy, arrangements, contracts, and engage ments. such us all rational countries have long since abandoned in their re:ations with each other. And until railway tympanic* fallow this example, vain and illusory is their hope of permanent VW, we take it, was the loston Mr. GLYN desired yesterday to teach the North Western proprietary, and, through them, the country generally. lbw mull it is twilled we may bust estimate by the fact that secretly had it been uttered than the masitiou of his company and its relation to the Great Western compelled Mr. GLYN immediately to discuss the question what the North Western system is -what it included—what it was meant by parliament to exclude ? Was it, or was it not, entitled to a monopoly of the Mersey traffic? By means of the amalgama tion of the London and Birmingham and the Grand Junction. the North Western has hitherto very much enjoyed such a monopoly. But since it became first pelt ssssl of that field, a great undertaking has been organised and patty executed opposite Liverpool, at Birkenhead. From that new port a line has been laid down to Chester, another from Chester to Shrewsbury and a third on to Wolverhampton and Birminglenu. 'faking Ilinningham, then, as a centre, there will shortly be three routes thence to London : OM by the Oxford and Birmingham line, which parliament granted to the Great Western ; another by the Oxford, Worcester, and Wolver hampton, for passowion of which there is a struggle between the North and Great Western; the third by the long-established North Western line. Now what did lurtiumcnt intend in sanctioning these three lines from Ili • glum, and, by granting other lines on from that town to the southern kink of the Mer s4sy ()11 this question Mr. GLYN and Mr. Russet'. . differ as widely us thepolesareusunder. "Not eompe . tition against the old Grand Junction route," argues Mr. GLYN " competition. most assuredly," replies Mr. Resse.o.. The truth lies, perhaps, mid-way between these two extreme points of view. It is impossible to doubt that in granting these lines. to Birmingham,' • there to meet andnm into the Chester lines, and soon • to Birkenhead, parliament did sanction the princi ple of scow competition with the North Western to Liverpeul. But that the legislature ever meant the ()nut Westeni to divert its strength from the dis tricts it watt first incorporated to serve, and carryon by means of these lines a fierce war on to the very banks of the Mersey, is contrary to the notoriety of the facts of the case. And Mr. Russet:A appears fully cautious of the weakness of his argument here; for. anticipating at Bristol on Thursday a refusal from the legislature next session to his application for • pilliamentiory sanction of this policy of he consoled his proprietary by this pract:37r. that, that failing therein they would have the work ing agreements with these lines to carry them as to Liverpool as far as Chester. Tlw difference between Mr. GLYN and Mr. lira- SELL. if left to thennelveo, appears to be quite irre coneilt able ; all negotiation has hit herto hailed, and all must apparently fail until each abates something of his extreme pretensions. Why not, in this position, follow the example set in the different-ea between the North Western and the Mid- land on the one hand. and the Great Northern on the , other ? Why nut refer this question of the Mersey traffic to some impartial public man like Mr. G LAD.. *TON ? It is too important, it may be said, to be ' left to the decision of any man, however impartial and influential. Well, then, in that case parliament must interfere : and its interference will be, nut to deprive the country of ettilictitioti, but in all proba bility to insure it, by keeping the lines fought fur independent of both North Winton mid Great West ern. Fur that, after all, is the true policy for the country. Pon some unexplained reason ministers have de termined to adopt no measures for carrying into effect the report of the Comrnoni committee on steam communication with Australia. The Australian colonies arc willing to contribute towards the cover ing of any him that may temporarily be incurred in the undertaking ; the Legislative Council of New South Wales has actually voted a sum of money (large in comparison with the means of the province) fur the purpose the importance of the regular and speed, carnage of mails to and from these colonies is adinitled on all bands; but government will do nothing. Now. what war the state of these colonies at the end of April—the latest period at which we have lews from them ? We have repeatedly had occasion to notice the 'I -Transportation League. intended to embrace all ustralian colonies, formed at Melbourne, and *dines@ with which large sums were subscribed inhabitants of Victoria to defray its expenses. the Tasmanians to get rid of convict have been a frequent theme of dia. .d columns. Well ;in the coarse ot April Ikon Victoria and Vaa Dirsaties Land arrived in Sydney to invite the inhabitants of New South Wales to join the League. The delegates were received with enthusiasm; they were enter tained at a banquet ; and a public meeting, held a few days later, resolved, without one dissentient voice, to dissolve the Anti-Convict Association at Sydney, and join the League. Liberal subscriptions to the funds of the League were announced at the meeting. The most ably conducted, best advertised, and most widely circulated journal in Australia is the Sydney Morning Herald. Among many excellent qualities, this paper has one of a rilt . lya equivocal character. It is notorious for the aurious care and skill with which it adapts itself to the views and wishes of the majority for the moment. Like another great leading journal nearer home, the Sydney Morning Herald is never found on the losing side. This journal has long been exreemely cautious in its lucubrations on the subject of convict trans portation; careful to avoid committing itself irre trievably on either side of the question. But it has now taken the plunge, and with a full-mouthed vehemence, contrasting strangely with its wonted I caution and reserve, it drives headlong at the total abolition of convict transportation to Australia, and I lashes right and left all who are suspected of being I adverse to, or lukewarm in their support of this • policy. 1 The concurring testimony of Australian jour nalists, speech makers and letter-writers, warrants the belief, that the comparatively few who still i hanker atter convict transportation are at this time , I cowed and borne down by the vehemence and unani- , mity of public feeling against the system. They ' i may mutter discontent below their breath.s, and con - 1 trice plots for its resuscitation on some distant day ; but in the meantime they give no open sign of discontent. Eager, inveterate, uncompromising, the • public feeling throughout Australia (with the excep tion perhaps of the poverty-stricken and isolated Western Australia; is now as irresistibly bent upon ' the abolition of convict transportation, as the public • feeling in North America was in 1771 i upon the ! assertion of independence, and the public feding in Great Britain in 14•32 upon the carrying of the Reform Bill. Society in Australia is not merely pervaded by ' a vague sentiment on this subject. there califs a formidable and growing organisation, well supplied with funds, whose sole object is the abolition of con vict transportation. But so initent are it, members • on the accomplishment of their cud that they are ready to adopt any means that promise to promote it. Already indemotlence of imperial control is freely canvassed as one of these means. And it is not the abolition of convict transportation to one or other province of Australia that is aimed at. The Australians know right well that convicts, if admitted into any one province, naturally and neeessarilv overflow into its neighbours; and they loudly and peremptorily declare that convict transportation to the whole of Australia must be put an end to. Concurrently with convict transportation, another topic of not less vital importance agitates the Aus tralian mind. In all the provinces, except New' South Wales, the elections under the Australian Colonies Government Act were in active progress at the dates of the latest despatches. The colonists were bent upon making the most of that measure. In New South Wales the Legislative Council had been summoned to pass the bills required to give full effect to the Act. Ihe Council in its reply , to the speeds with which the governor opened the session declined to express any opinion of the Act, but notice had been given by Mr. WENTWORTH of a motion to address a remonstrance against it to the Crown. A strong opposition was organising both in the council and out of doors against the gover nor's electoral bills. The province of New South M'ules gives the tone in a great measure to most of the neighbouring settlements; and there can be little doubt that the first use made of the new Australian constitutions will be to commence a struggle with the home government for greater concessions. Independently of these two questions, there arc many lurking griefs and grudges against the Colo nial-officc in Australia. Some time ago, a new sys tem of disposing of waste lands was introduced; it has been called the Wakefield system, but is, in fact, a compromise between it and the old system, cm-': bracing such heterogeneous and contradictory pm- I vises us render it ittqwwsible it should work well. Again, the coloni•ts are dissatisfied with the exorbi tant civil list, over which their representatives aro allowed no control. These arc mentioned merely as specimens of Australian grievances; it would be easy to enumerate a multitude of others. And all the soreness created in the Australian mind by these various causes is aggravated and embittered by the habitual, supercilious, indolent disregard with which all representatives from the colonies are treated at the Colonial-office. Discontent in .kustralia—legitimate, well-grounded discontent—is ripening to a crisis. At such a moment, regular and speedy communication with these colo nies is of the most vital consequence. And yet this is precisely. the moment that government has selected to daily and trine with the eager desire the colonists entert sin for the establishment of ocean steam mails. It is as if government sought to add one more to the long black list of colonial grievances, and at the same time to adopt such measures as will ensure its being kept in utter ignorance of the temper of the colonies. FRANCE. PARIS, EVENING. The self-constituted committee of permanence of the democratic Left is finally composed as follows: M. Cremieux. president; MM. Victor Ilugo and Jody, vice-presidents: MM. Cassal Itaspail and Niiot, see . retaries ; and MM. Ain. (Nord), Bandsept, Itreymand, Bruckner, Bu , Carnot, Chovelon, Deralev, Ennery, Forel. 'erard (Ban-Rhin), Emile de Oirartlin, (kilter, Labrousse, Lagrange, Lamcn nais, Loiset, Michot-Boutct, Auguste Mic, Perrinon, Edgar Quinet, 'Guidon, Savoys, Valentin, members. The committee will meet every Friday, and oftener in csoe of emergency. On the occasion of his gm-eh on the revision, M. Berryer received a congratulatory address from Tou louse. The rnion to-day publishes his answer, which the pressure of parliamentary occupation has pre vented him from writing sooner. ihere is nothing in the studiously oracular phrases of the royalist leader to throw any new light urn the policy of his , party. 1k expresses a determination to struggle a second time for the total and legal revision of the constitution, in favour of which +Pi members of the Assembly have recorded their votes. The following passage is probably intended as an answer to the limputation that M. Bcrrycr has made an alliance offensive and defensive with the Elysee: If the revision should not be definitively adopted. it will at least serve as a rallying point to unite the efforts of all the men of order on the day of the election of a new Legis lative Assembly. If the constitutional lave, which we did not make, is nut legally revised, we shall know how to re , spell it, and to cause al its requirements to he respected. This respect for legality. be well assured, is now our prin cipal strength, and perhaps our surest guarantee against ,; the machinations of the enemies of social order, the attempts ' of ambition, the calculations of intrigue, and even against !the dangers that may arise from the impatient convictions of honourable minds. Here is an obvious and not very complimentary allusion to three great parties in the state, other than and besides those who have " honourable minds." It is clear that the enemies of social order are the mat mass of the republicans, the ambitious are the ' lionapurtists. and the intriguers arc the Orleanists. All these are positively and without reserve to be , kept tied and bound by the chain of the constitution, which may also in certain circumstances, be found a wholesome check cren against those honourable l timists who have "impatient convictions." The only other remarkable part of the letter is in these v, orris: In the midst of the moieties of the country the con scientious defenders of the monarchical principle should be ware of adding to the agitation and peril of the time ; they most not be accused of sacrificing the security of the within to the triumph of their own opinions. We. in our political life, will not substitute nishness for courage„provocation fur resist ' ante. The immense majority of our friends in the Amembly hays resolved not to &dram* before the time and to take no premature determination with regard to the solemn ads which the nation will be called upon to perform nine months hence. Decided only to resist the i-itation of the laws, we will than examine the real wants of the country, the state of parties, the attitude sad intention of influential seen. Nothing more ambiguous than this ever issued from DelAee. But a little before he assumes the poralility of the final rejection at the reviaion--e Y. / We have Lrwdineee Anti-Transixn the lustsha , ItheeffinhaV transperiatiou Calif 6 411 11 11: 1 our o i THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, AUGUST 16, 1851. . ose : question which will be decided oar way or the other to November next Suppll! rejected, it will then be ineontestible that M. J .ouis Napoleon will be con stitutionally ineligible ', O b e re-elected, and M. 1.140.1 ryer's letter reiterstes his intention not only to re spect the eenat ) '.ution, but to cause it to be respected. In three mo'.iths hence, therefore, men of the most patient ce.nvictions may reasonably think that if the I legitire:ist party are to exercise any influence ;upon the solemn act which the nation will pertorm in nay, 1852, there will remain little time enough for them to make up their minds to some decided course of ti. Berryer ltlat be the practical ndsmsfrie ea n m dst n o i c n r g to this osstheir a ns pe if ria t l he of n s a u t s i p o e n n f se or d w uri ho n se g al ar l m us s io a n nd to re n mai ine m n oinna e tits etiv as , solemn decision they are to wait was an extraneous ' body, of which they , form no part? To give force and value to an election by an immense population • like that of France, it should be the result of the most •; wi t ha d t e l t y ex hale t g en it d im ed at m e e f a ri n e s a lf frm a o ada in d g a vise so rs u a n f d th ju e d ll me eap n la t I can lay before them. And yet it is only nine months I hence—whether on the day, or the day before, or the I day after the election, does not clearly appear—that I the large and influential party of which M. Berryer is the leader, propose to examine the " real wants of i the country, the state of parties, and the attitude and , intentions of influential men!" And it is very re markable, that among the three things to be exa- 1 i mined when the elections take place, the result of I the ballot-box is not one. Verily, the men of " im- I patient convictions" may take heart, for this mani festo will well bear the construction that the deci sion to observe legality is limited to the nine months, after which, if the attitude of "influential men" will permit, caps may be thrown up for Henry V., Mount toy, and St. Denis! l'he Pattie says, in allusion to the rumours of s • Presidential tour in the provinces: We cannot say where the Messager has obtained tha , information authorising it to give a sort of official pro-1 i gramme, but from the intelligence which we have received, and which we have every reason to believe correct, the President never had any intention to go to Lunkville. All to the excursion to the south, which according to the stabs. ' meat of the Messager, was to include Bordeaux and the two Charente', we think we can affirm that the l'resident, not- withstanding his great desire to comply, towards the end et the recess, with the wishes of the populations of that pot ' of France, has not as yet come to any determination on the subject. We consider it unnecessary to add, that nu notion on the subject has been transmitted to the prefects of these departments. In the execution of the treaty of the sth of No- vember last between France and Sardinia, some difficulties had arisen with respect to the produc tion of the certificates of origin, by which, according is the treaty, all French wines imported into the Sardinian states were to be accompanied. Upon the representations of the minister of the republic at the court of Turin it has been decided, that, so far as re spects all cargoes of liquids arriving by sea, the Sar dinian customs will no longer require the Nlayor's certificate of origin. The certificate of a Sardinian consular agent residing in :France, or an export attestation from the French custom house agents will be sufficient. The municipal council of Cambray have subscribed I two millions of francs for shares in the railway front Itheims to Douai. The contents of a luggage train which arrived yesterday at the terminus of the Orleans railway, are destined to mark an epoch in the history of the French navy, and to afford the inhabitants of this inland city a spectacle of exciting novelty. Forty , ship carpenters, from the dock-yard of NI. Baudet, ship-builder, at I'aimbauf, were the escort of 1,288 pieces of oak, ready fashioned, for the construction of a 1,000-ton frigate, which is forthwith to be built and stationed on the Seine, at Ncuilly. It is to be a model ship, for the use of the naval school recently established there, and is intended to exhibit every modern improvement. The masts and rigging,peer ing above the green woods of Neuilly, and visible through the openings in the Ms de Boulogne, will form an entirely new feature in the landscape scenery of the environs of Paris. The Direet , ". r'" of Museums has given nc tice that five additional galleries, completing the Exhibition of Ancient Masters, will be open to the public on Sunday, August 17th. M. l'arisis, Bishop of Langres, is appointed to the see of Arms, vacant by the death of Cardinal de la Tour d'Auvergne-Lauragais. To-day the feast of the Assumption is observed as a close holiday. Most of the shops are shut, and there is no Bourse. THE TRIAL AT LYONS. SEVENTH DAY.-AUGUST 12. The trial of the accused in this MSC was continued on Tuesday before the Court Martial at Lyons. The reading of the interrogatories of the accused by the examining magistrates was commenced. It appeared from them that several of the prisoners had protested against , being tried by court martial, on the ground that they did not belong to the departments comprised in the state of siege. In the interrogatory of Daillant was a statement that an objection had been made in a club at Bedarrides to pay over to Gent a sum of 25fr., which had been raised for the democratic cause, his character and that of his family not standing high. On this, Gent remarked that he and his brother had formally de manded the erasure of the statement in question on the ground that it was insulting. Daillant's advocate, and subsequently Daillant himself, mid that he bad not intended to insult Gent—that he had only repeated an observation that had been made, but that he now retracted it. . The reading of the interrogatories was continued. Amongst them was one of an actress of the Theatre Frangais, named )Tara Lopez, living at No. 92, ltue Richelieu. Before the revolution of February, she had, she said, known Etienne Arago, and it was he who had introduced Gent to her. In the morning of the 2 ith of February, 180, Arago called on her, and told her that the insurgents were about to attack the Chateau d'Eau. She was then living in the Rue do Chartres, close to the place. She immediately hail all her mattresses brought down to receive the wounded, and she rendered the wounded all the assistance in her power. This was talked of in the newspapers. Four or five months after she had made the acquaintance of Gent, intimate relations were established between them. They began in consequence of Gent having gene to her after he had his arm broken in a duel. Alter Gent had left Paris, she had continued in cor respondence with him ; but she denied that, as charged, she had been employed by him, or other political chiefs, to carry important letters from place to place. She, however, admitted having seen him at Lyons, where she had gone to get some money due to her, in order to remit I,ooof. to one of the refugees in London, with whom she had been in imate. She denied that she had ever said that letters had been entrusted to her which, if seized, would cause heads to fall. She knew, sh- said, that she was of a frivolous character, and on that account she would have re fused to learn any political secrets of her friends, lest, un wittingly, she should compromise them. Gent, in his letters to her, trequently spoke of a " Charles," and asked, " Does Charles take care of you ? " and so on. The " Charles" referred to was M. Charles Blanc, formerly Directeur des Beaux Arts; during two years she had been accustomed to see that person very often. She repeated that no political man had ever employed her to carry letters or documents to any one. The interrogatories of other persons were afterwards read, as were also papers connected with previous cues. The con tents of all were of no general interest, the facts referred to having been detailed at length in the indictment. The in terrogatories of the Montagnard representatives who at tended the socialist conclave at Chalons, were also read, after some slight opposition from some of the advocates. It appeared from them, that most of these representatives stated that they had gone to Chalons on private business, or to see friends, and that though they had met Gent there, and had talked with him on political affairs, las had not made known to them that he had formed a vast political organisation in the southern departments. This completed the reading of all the documents, and the President announced that on the next day Gent would be interrogated. The court then adjourned. ITALY. PIEDMON"T. The Piedniontese Gazette of Aug. 12th is autho rised to declare that the newspaper accounts of the interviews between his Sardinian Majesty and the King of Saxony are entirely destitute of foundation. BOLOGNA, Arorsr 6. Two companies of Austrian troops are occupying the Villa Aldini, situated on the highest hill in our .neighbourhood. It is said by some people that they are going to convert it into a hospital for conva lescents, but others, with more probability, think their intention is to make a fort commanding the town. This villa, of great architectural beauty, was pur chased by a joint stock company solely to save it from destruction, and the care of it was confined to the municipality. It need not be added that none of the owners have been consulted as to its new' destinatice. VENICE, Avocre 4. Two halls it'. the magnificent Palace of the Doges, painted in :row by Hayes, are to be appropriated to the ase of the members of 'Change. The mer chants will meet there from two till four, and will fix an ample supply of newspapers and commer es', information of all kinds. SPAIN. MADRID, Accusr 10. The Casette contains three royal decrees of im portance. By the Ist the government, according to the petition of the delegates from the Biscayan cor porations, declares the railway from Madrid to Iron comprised in the advantages of the law of Feb. 20, 1830. By the 2nd the surveys of the Aranjuez and Almansa railway are ordered to be completed in order that data may be furnished for deciding the question between Valence and Alicante. By the 3rd a commission of engineers is appointed to open an uninterrupted line of navigation from the Afal ques to Oporto. GERMANY. BERLIN, Aco. 1 . The three duchies, Anhalt Dessau, Gotha, and Bernberg, have, the National Zeituny announces, sent in a formal declaration to the Diet that they wish not only to bring their separate constitutions into harmony with that of the Diet, hut that they desire is to have one constitution com mon to all the three states, that is, of course, the grand dukes of these duchies have come to this resolution. And as it is not improbable that other applications of a similar kind may be made to Frankfort, it will be well just to refer to the power which belongs to the Diet on this ques tion. By the sixty-first article of the Vienna con cluding. act, the Diet is not authorised to in terfere in the internal affairs of any state, or in any con tentions between the prince and the people, except in the cases designated in the 28th and 26th articles of the same suit, viz., rebellion against authority and encouragement of revolutionary movements and open revolt. By a resolution of the Diet, however, of the 28th June, 1832, the interven tion of the confederate authority was permitted whenever the chamber of any state should refuse to grant taxes ne cessary to carry on the government, or should directly or indirectly act so as to incur the interference on the part of the Diet authorised by the 25th and 26th articles of the concluding act of the Vienna treaty. Fur ther, in the second commission of the Dresden conferences, it was proposed that the diet should be made competent to interfere with all constitutions, especially those which arose from the revolution of 1848, that were in con tradiction with the Bond. In the sitting of the diet on the 29th of last month, the two great powers, and several of the middle states, proposed that even these powers should be enlarged, but this proposition met with resistance from several of the small states. Actually the diet possesses no other legal authority to interfere in the affairs of other states than that given by the articles above specified of the concluding act of the mina treaty. It seems likely how ever, that its powers in this respect will be enlarged, as proposed by the Dresden conferences ; that is if the other small states should not imitate the example set them by Anhault, Dessau, Gotha, &c. The King returned to Berlin this evening. Ile will shortly leave again to visit Ischl and on a Hohenzollern tour. FRANKFORT•ON-THE-MAINE, Auo. 13. The question respecting the publication of the pro ceedings of the Diet of the Confederation, was settled in one of the last sittings, in a manner worthy of the character and antecedents of that august body. It has resolved to acknowledge the correctness of the principle involved in the proposal, which your readers will remember was made at the instance of the Austrian government as a kind of sop to public opinion ; but the Diet has so cunningly contrived the method of applying the principle,that it loses alias value. The resolutions of the Diet arc to be published, it is true, but only three months after they have be.; I determined on. The minutes or protocols of the usual sittings aro to be withheld, as usual, front all but the members, while the minutes of the confidential, and there fore the most important, sittings ore to be guarded with greater seeresy than ever. The thing is a farce, which could only he played by German diplomatists on the boards of the federal theatre. In recommending this compromise, the committee to whom the question was referred have evinced a perfect knowledge of the nature of the federal inslitutions, for, were the proceedings of its legislative au thorities to obtain regular publicity, the confederation would expire ere a year could pass. THE OVERLAND MAIL. INDIA AND CHINA. We have received the following further telegraphic despatches from Marseilles and Trieste : MARSEILLES, Amo. 15, 1 A.M. The India Mail has arrived with intelligence from Calcutta to July 3; Bombay, June 7 (the mail which was detained) and July 3; and China, June 23. Exchange at Calcutta, 2s. I d. to 2s. 14d. At Bombay money is more abundant; exchange, from la. 111 d. to Is. 11,id. " ALEXANDRIA, Aro. 7. "The London mails of the 7th June reached Bombay on the 2nd July, in twenty-four days nine teen hours from Southampton, the quickest passage on record. " Lord and Lady Dalhousie and the commands in-chief are at Simlah. " Three vessels had been wrecked, viz., the Parsee Merchant, off Madras ; the Belgian vessel Philomtlne, in the llooghly ; and the Cheban, off Batavia. The English vessel, Sons of Commerce, had been wrecked near Aden, and a portion of her crew murdered by the natives. " It was rumoured that four English officers had been murdered in Cashmere. The cause is said to have been killing a cow, and insulting some native women. "A lasear has been convicted for wilfully setting Ike to the Ariel in May last, on her way to China. " Heavy rains had fallen at Bombay. " A heavy decline in cotton. " The steam-sloop lteynard is reported lost, so is the ship Larpent, from Liverpool. ~ lIONG-KONG, JVNE 23. " Business dull." THUNDERSTORM AT CHELMSFORD.— A violent storm of thunder and lightning, with a heavy shower of rain, skirted this town on Wednesday evening. The only intances, however, that we have heard of in which it s effects were person ally felt are the following . .—Mrs. Drake, a fruiterer, residing at Springfield, was knocked down by the lightning and seriously injured. At the King's Head public-house, Great Beddow, about nine o'clock, a flash, which was immediately succeeded by an awful clap of thunder, was seen to strike the upper part of the back of the house. The fluid entered the lodgers' room, and passed down the side of tho chimney into the tap-room, removing 1 a portion of the brickwork. Two bricklayers, named Clarke and Taylor, were sitting in the room; the former was knocked down by the electric matter, and the hat of the latter was scorched, but neither sustained any materia: injury. The fluid thence traversed the passage to the front door, at ' which Mr. Patten, the Landlord, was standing, smoking a clay pipe, and leaning against the door-post. He was struck upon the right side, and knocked down, remaining, for some minutes, insensible, and the pipe being shattered into a thousand fragments. He still feels the effect of the shock in his right hand. The flash appears then to have entered the front parlour, whence it passed through the ceiling into a bed-room, where a gun was standing, the stock of which it shattered, and perforated the wall in several places, ultimately escaping through the breast of the chimney. A second flash, it is supposed, almost simultane ously entered the back parlour, wnere it cracked a square of glass, and, entering the bar, wrested the handle from the beer engine. It then took the direction of the front door, its last effects being visible on one of the studs which it shivered on quitting the building. The storm was very severe in Duninow and its vicinity, —Chehns ford C'hronick. _ - _ MYSTERIOUS DEATH.—On Thursday last an in quest was held Bishopmeignton, Devonshire, on the body of a young lady, Miss Jane Emily Wyse, who was found dead in her room at the house of • Mr. and Mrs. Hele, on her return from any archery meeting, u long ago as the 14th of May last. On the day aft er her death the coroner attended and made inquiries, when Mr. Om, • surgeon, having stated his opinion to be that the young lady died in • fit, it was thought unnecessary to hold an inquest. Since that time suspicions having arisen that the died from the effects of poison, and her uncle, Major Ellison, of Boulton-hall, Lincolnshire, having written • letter to Mr. Hele, declining to receive that gentleman and his lady as Madan at his house, Mr. Hele, to remove any thought it desirable that an inquest should be held. The body was consequently exhumed, and Mr. Herepath, of Bristol, employed at the investigation before the coroner's jury. Mr. Herepath gave it as his opinion that the death of the young lady was occasioned by prussic acid. Witnesses were examined to show that she had been in the habit of using essential oil of almonds, and a letter, which was found Miter desk after he/decease, put in in evidence, in which were the words, " I have thought it not improbable that I might die suddenly," and requesting certain trifles to be distributed to her friends. The jury returned a verdict that she came to her death by taking essential oil of almeads, but wh e th er with an intend= of putting an end to her lib or not they could not say. Vie Court. OSBORNE, FRIDAY, Ara. 15. The Royal children took their usual exercises yesterday in the grounds at Osborne. Her Majesty and Prince Albert drove out in the afternoon in a pony carriage, attended by Lieut.-Col. the Hon. 4. , Gordon. The Duchess of Sutherland sad Lady Constance L. Gower arrived on a visit to her Majesty, and had the honour of dining with the Queen and the I'rinoc. Colonel Wylde also was included in the Royal dinner party. Iler Majesty will hold • Privy Council on Monday the 25th inst., at Osborne, Isle of Wight. The Oxford Civersity Commission had a meeting yester day at the official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury in Downing-street; present, the Bishop of Norwich, the Dean of Carlisle, the Master of Pembroke, the Rev. Prof. Powell, and the Rev. A. P. Stanley (secretary). Dvspatches were sent off yesterday from the Colonial office to the Governor of Canada and the Governors of the other North American Colonies. (Prom last nSght's Gasette.) CROWS-OFFICE, AUG. 13.—Member returned to serve in this present Parliament for the Borough of Down patrick —The Hun. Charles Stewart Hardinge, in the room of Richard Ker, Esit., who has accepted the office of Steward of her Majesty's Chiltern Hundreds. THE ROYAL VISIT TO THE NORTIL—With re spect to the railway arrangements for the conveyance of her Majesty and suite to Doncaster, we have good reason for asserting that they are completed. The directors have altered the day of their half-yearly meeting from Thurs day, the 28th, to Tuesday, the 26th, in consequence of her Majesty's visit to Scotland. This will be, as we have already stated, the first time that royalty has honoured this great line of communication by travelling on it, and pre parations on a most extended scale arc on foot to secure the co:nfort and convenience of the illustrious travellers. A royal carriage is being expressly prepared for the occasion by Mr. Willi.uns, of Boswell-street, the carriage builder to the company. It is to be 18 feet long, and will bu ele gantly furnished as a saloon, with all the taste and ele-1 gancies which the most perfect comfort or luxurious case could suggest. There will he a magnificent couch at either end, and the whole is to be lined with flowered Indian silk of the most costly description. The ground of this gorgeous silk is pure white, and the flowers are of the most delicate variegated tints, pale blue and pink predominating. The carriage will be hung with mirrors, and numerous de vices are being suggested to make it altogether one of the most elegant which has yet been devoted to the purposes of royalty.—Doncaster Gazette. GREAT FIRE AT RICHMOND.-DESTRUC TION OF A LARGE CHAPEL AND SEVERAL OTHER BUILDINGS. This morning a fire of a most alarming and de structive character, which continued to rage for several hours, broke out in the principal portion of the town of Rich mond (Surrey), and, in a comparatively short period, laid in ruins a vast amount of valuable property, including the chapel belonging to the Methodist Independent body. The flames commenced at a few minutes before two o'clock, in the premises belonging to air. Andrews,bread and biscuit baker, Upper Hill-street, a short distance beyond the Castle Inn. the inmates, it appears, were aroused from their slumbers by a loud cracking noise, and Mr. An drews, on getting up, found huge bodies of black smoke ' rolling up the staircase, which nearly prostrated him. lie immediately awoke his household, consisting of his wife, two children, the female servant, and two shopmen. By this time the Mons could be seen travellin : , rapidly towards the upper portion of the house. Hy a 'desperate eflurt, however, the inmates succeeded in rushing through the fire, and reached the street without sustaining any personal injury. They had scarcely done so, when the whole building became enveloped in flames. The neighbours exerted themselves in a most praiseworthy man ner, by throwing water upon the adjoining houses until the local engines were brought to the scene, but with little or no success ' • for the flumes, having seized upon the premises of Mr. Webster, cabinetmaker, the whole of his manufac tory wag soon in flames. Mr. Webster, being at that time confined to his bed by illness, was obliged to be carried down stairs by some of the neighbours. On the arrival of the engines belonging to the town an abundance of water was flowing from the mains, and the engines were forthwith set to work ; but the fire continued to spread both right and left with amazing rapidity, so that very speedily numerous other premises, used principally as workshops, and standing behind the front houses, became ignited. From thence the destructive element rushed through the side windows of the Independent Chapel, and in a very few minutes the organ and most of the seats in the side aisle were blazing with the greatest impetuosity. Immediately adjoining this sacred edifice stood another and larger building, belonging to the Homan catholicsjand had it not been for the various expedients resorted to, this build ing would also have fallen a prey to the fire. About three o'clock a scene of muck grandeur presented itself —flames were rising in immense sheets from the premises belonging trhe:PecTleely r.m to ark M er r : Andrews, . Luckett, a carver and gilder, as well as from every window in the chapel and vestry rooms. The light thrown over the country for miles round caused hundreds from distant neighbourhoods to flock towards the spot, and at the same time gave information of the disaster to the engine keepers at Twickenham, whence two more engines were despatched; but the flames continued to extend, and it was found necessary to despatch a mounted express to London for the engines, despite which additional aid the (tames could not be entirely extinguished until 9 o'clock, and not until the whole of the premises above named were burned down , _ and serious damage done to many oth ers adjoining. Most of the sufferers were insured. THUNDER STORMS AT MANCHESTER.—Manchester and its neighbourhood were visited by heavy storms of thunder and lightning both on Wednesday and Thursday afternoons. The storm of Thursday appeared to be the heaviest; the lightning being exceedingly vivid, the claps of thunder terrific, and the rain falling almost in spouts ; yet, so far as had been ascertained up to yesterday, the storm of Wednesday appears to have done the greatest damage to property. In Chapel-street, Ilulme, Mr. Joseph Cox, brewer, had been erecting a new brewhouse, and a chimney about 75 feet high, and the work was nearly com pleted. A little after 2 o'clock the lightning struck an iron clamp at the north-west corner of the coping -stones at the top of the chimney, and drove it out of its place, separating the stones, and then passed down this corner of the chimney, taking out the outer courses of bricks, right and left, for nearly 40 feet, and leaving the rest of the masonry loose and disjointed. From the chimney the lightning appears to have glanced on to the top of a new three-story building to the north-west, piercing the roof, attracted by an iron crane inside. From thence it burst through the wall, taking out two bricks from the course of masonry next the roof, near the iron bolts se curing the top of the crane to the wall. Flashing along the whole of that front of the building, the body of fire was seen to cross an open yard, close by the stable door, where it entered a bed-room window in Mr. Cox's dwelling-house. Mr. Cox and a joiner named Johnson were in the stable mentioned, opposite the door, arranging some fittings for the manger, when they saw a blaze of light which appeared to fill the stable, and they were borne to the floor, and for a moment or two struggled in vain to regain their feet. Johnson was much shaken, and after a day's confinement at home still complains of great soreness as from a severe blow over the loins, and Mr. Cox was similarly affected by the shock. The effects of the lightning in Mr. Cox's house have been very extra ordinary. Passing from the bed-room, by the open window which it had entered, at the opposite door, it appears to have been attracted by a copper bell-wire on the landing of the staircase. This wire, passing along the faces of three aides of a square recess, in which are two bedroom doors, has been fused and entirely destroyed. The newly-painted wall is discoloured along the whole course of the bell-wire, as if dabbed with • large paint brush dipped in lamp- black. From the wire it glanced down the gilt frame of a picture, from whence it passed along a bronzed gas branch into the glass shade, which it burst with a loud report, leaving the glass scattered upon the car pe t beneath in the finest powder. Mrs. Cox was in her bedroom, a door to which from the landing was open, and, turning suddenly round oa hearing the glass globe burst, saw a large body of fire pass through the room from the d oor , and escppe by the fireplace u p the chimney. Her escape, like her husband's, appears to have been almost miraculous. The lightning also entered the house of Mr. Bowman, sur geon, Chester-street, near the premises of Mr. Cox, and almost entirely destroyed the bell-wire in the front ' bed room. The wire was broken into pieces of about two inches, and scattered all about the room. The wire appears to have been rendered almost redhot, for it burnt the car pet in numerous places ; and a piece which was thrown upon a white muslin drew on the far side of the room burnt through three folds of the fabric. The paint on the bell wire was stripped off and left like stalks of straw on the floor. The iron nails and fittings of the bell-wire were drawn out of the wall and scattered about. The lightning is in this case supposed to have entered through the wall, attracted by the iron driven into it close to the floor. It chipped of a large piece of wood from the floor where it entered. Fortunately none of the inmates suffered any in jury. There were many rumours in Manchester of injury , don* in agricultural districts around by the killing of cattle I and otherwise. SEIZURE Or SMUGGLED BRANDY AT SOUTHAMp. TON.—A seizure was made on Thursday evening, about 10 o'clock, by Mr. Witt, one of the tide surveyors of her Ma jesty's customs at the port of Southampton, of the smack Louisa, of Shoreham, Captain Joseph Levitt, with three men, named Daniel Bradey, Francis Hemery, and James Hatcher. The smack came into Southampton water laden with oysters, but under the oysters were found .58 tube and 24 flagons of brandy. The Lorin is now in the Southamp ton docks, and the contraband spirits are deposited in the Queen's warehouse. The men were this morning brought up before the magistrates on the charge of smuggling. and remanded to await the decision of the customs. Great credit is due to Mr. Witt for the manner in which the seizure was effected. The smack, with its contents, is worth upwards of 3001. I THE MURDER AT r.,OLICIIANI-HALL.---EXE CUTION ( /f TILE MUR)ERER, E. GROOM. [By Electric Telegraph.] NORWICH, :3AI - rill/AY, 12.34 p.m'. , This criminal has just suffered death on the top of the bridge fronting the Castle gates. Ile was convicted at the late assizes in this city of the murder of John Ayton, near Ilolkham-hall, the seat of the. E.trl of t.aices ter. His victim, an old, trustworthy servant in the ser vice of the noble earl at Holkham-hall, was returning one afternoon last month from the hall with 30/. to pay the labourers their wages, when he was waylaid and shot dead by Groom, who, after plundering the body, threw it into a sand-pit. Prior to the commission of the murder he 1 bore the character of a harmless, inoffensive man, and was employed in some menial capacity on the earl's estate. Since his condemnation he paid strict attention to the I spiritual instructions of the chaplain of the gaol and of several clergymen who were permitted to visit hint, exhibit ing every external appearance of contrition. On Thurs day last his relatives visited him for the last time, when he wept bitterly for many hours after. Ile had pre siously made full confession of his guilt. By daylwak this morning the scaffold was erected on the top of the bridge leading from the Castle-hill to the entrance gates of the Castle—a most prominent position, overlook ing nearly the whole of the eastern portion of the city and the country around for mile.;. By twelve o'clock the Castle-hill and all its approaches were crowded by a mob of at least 19,003 persons. Women, decked out in holiday attire, formed a largo portion of the crowd. At a few minutes after twelve the procession was seen emerging from the gates, consisting of two mutes with black wands, followed by the under-sheriff, Mr. Pinson, the 'governor of the prison, the chief turnkeys, the rev. chaplain, and the unhappy culprit, supported by two warders. Ile appeared in a most exhausted condition, awl evidently suffered greatly. Calera and his assistant, assisting him up the steps, placed him immediately under the beam. In two minutes (al craft completed his preliminaries, and, a signal being given by the under-sheriff, the belt was withdrawn, awl after a few struggles Groom ceased to move. His belly is to bo buried in one of the passages in the castle, abouside the remains of the notorious Rush, the perpetrator of the Stanfield-hall murders. As upon the last oreasioo, a largo black flag waved from the summit of the Castle gate. TILE LATE ~A TTEMPT AT ?D:ltDElt AND SUICIDE AT IPSWICH. The particulars connected with this tragical affair" as far us they came out before the Coroner anti jury us Wednesday evening last, have already appimval in our columns. _ An adjournment of the inquest was on Wednesday agreed on, in order that the intended victim, Martha Mayo:, whose, life the suicide, James Wailing, was frustrated in taking, should be so far recovered from the wounds she L.l re ceived as to give evidence, which she did on the resumption of the inquest last evening. The unfortunate girl was supported into the ',son by sergeant of police. She looked pale, and was so svi ak from loss of blood that she could hardly stand. During the times she was under examination restoratives had to be constantly administered to keep her from fainting. She is a pod looking young woman. Having been sworn, she said, in answer to questions from from the Coroner :—I ant a single woman, and AM PJ ycarsof age. I have no friends to live with. About two months ago the deceased, James 'Wailing, invited Ills to go and meal with him and hit sister. I did so. A short time after that he asked me to go and sleep with his sash r, tolling me at the same time I could do so without paying anything. I gave up my lodgings in Danford-road, for which I had to pay, and slept with the sister of deceased fist two nights. From that time I slept in the. - ame bed as the deceased, his sister sleeping upon another bedstead in the saute room. This I continued to do up to last Sunday night. The rea son of my not returning to sleep with him utter that Nato was, not from any misunderstanding, or angry words between us. I refuse to state where I slept last Mouthy night. I last saw deceased on Tuesday afternoon. The deceased's sister Sarah, having come to Ole while I was at a house close by, and having ask,l me three times to go and see her at her own house, I at lust consented to go with her. The de ceased was standing behind the dour when I went in. Ito first spoke to me, saying, " Well, Martha." Ilia sister then went out of the house, pulling the dour to after her. Ile then sat down upon a chair behind the door, and pulled me on to his knee. Ile said to me " Well, Martha, we arc alone now." I replied " Yes we arc." Hs then said to me " I suppose you have left B a ldry i" I answered " Yes, I hove,. Ile then said to me " I suppose you are going to leave me, too I told him that I woo not going to do so, although I intended it. During this con versation there was nothing at all in his conduct to mato the least suspicion in my mind that he intended to injures me. But, while I was sitting on his knee, happening to turn my eyes towards the window, I saw him have a razor in his right hand. It was open. I was then frights cried, and he looked very angry. He said to me, holding up the razor, " This will do your busi ness." I screamed out, and tried to release myself from him, but he grasped me so tightly round the waist with his left arm, that I could not. We then struggled together, till at last he threw nie down upon my left side, placing his knees upon my body, and all the time trying to cut my throat. I was screaming all this while as loudly as I could. I felt him attempting to cut my throat, and I used all my efforts to prevent him. I had my shawl on, and I used that to pro tect myself as well as I could. During my struggles with him I got hold of the blade of the razor with my left hand, but he, finding that I had hold of it, drew it through my hand, which was rendered perfectly useless from the wound I received. Then it was thin lie cut me under the right side of my face. At the moment he did so a woruau nutted Trager opened the door, aud came into the room. From that moment I Isecarno iusensilile, knowing not what hap- Pened afterwards, until I found myself lying in the had of a neighbour. The reasons fur the deceased zetiug as he ilid lamat a loss to understand. lie might have been jealous of me. Deceased about a month ago offered to marry me, hut I at once declined the offer. Witness said that while she knew the deceased she did not observe anything in his conduct to give her reason to suppose that he was at any time unconscious of what he was about. . . . The Coroner, in summing up the evidence, said the da ceased had, beyond all doubt, intended to murder Martha Mope, being, from some cause or other, jealous of her; but the point for their consideration was, whether at the time ' he committed self-murder he was a rational being. The jury were left alone for a few minute*, w1;31 they re turneda verdict of "Temporary insanity," apparently 10 the fillrprise of every one prevent. LEEDS NORTHERN.—The report of the directors of this company (late the Leeds and 1: hirsk), to be submitted to the shareholders on Thursday next, states that the sum raised during the half-year ending June 30 last amounted to 101,81/21., and that the expenditure for the value period was 113,933/., chiefly on account of land and works in con nexion with the northern extensions of the railway. Of the total amount raised, the sum of 19,950/., has been obtained in loans at 5 per cent. By the Leeds Northern Railway Act, the burrowing powers of the company have been consolidated. and facilities afforded for borrowing to the extent of 129,9401. beyond the sum of 479,050/. raised on the company's deben tures at the date of passing the act; making the total borrowing powers of the company 608,990/. It also extrude the period for the completion of the works on the northern extensions for three years, the company's previous powers for this purpose having expired last month ; and it further confirms the rights and privileges of the compuby's pre ference shares in the order in which they have been issued. It is confidently expected that the entire line to Stockton will be open for traffic early in next year. The re venue account for the half-year shows that 24,6561. had been received, and 13,579/. expended, leaving a met profit of 11,0771. ; adding 2,2871., the balance from the last account, makes the total 13,3611. ; out of this ono quarter - shares, ex.'s; sum 13,0701 is deducted for interest on loans, dividend s a h s t i i a r a es, a rd at s t l lt .a e s t i a n t g e o a f 2 pe au rce ci nt a . t p i r i a t anum On comparing the receipts ;Or the past six months with those for the corresponding period of 1850 an increase is shown of 2,518/. While the weight curried has increased 50 per cent. during the last half-year as compared with the correspond ing half-year of 1850, the gross receipts for such traffic have been increased by only about 25 per cent. The circum stance referred to has materially affected the umipany working expenses, which exceed by 2,142/. 12s. those for the corresponding per;od of 18.50, and accordingly reduce the amount which had been calculated on as applicable to dividends. This increase in the working expenses and re duction in the company's profits on traffic is caused, in a great measure, by the competition of other companies at various points of the railway between Leeds and Thirsk. The branch of this company's line to the town of Kicaresboroset has been recently completed for public traffic, and an ar rangement has been made with the York and North Mid land Company for the present working of that branch. The total receipts to the 30th of June ou capital account amounted to 2,207,559/. ; the amount expended to 2,185,5581. ; leaving a balance of 22,0011. SALE or THE NANCY I)AWBON.—On Thursday tho Royal Thames Yacht Club schooner yacht Nancy Daman was put up to public auction at Lloyd's. The Nancy Daw son, irrespective of her sailing capabilities, gained great reputation owing to her late owner's (Mr. It. Sheldon) gal lant effort in his little craft to ascertain the fate of Sir John Franklin, and who,whilst cruising in search, died on board, at Mazatlan, on the 16th November, 1849. She was built at Gosport, by Camper, in 1849. She is 160 tons, and is the only yacht that ever rounded Point Barrow, or circuinnasi lint?ed the globe. There was a full attendance, and atter a !rrited bidding she was knocked down for 1,6201., or more than 1004 per ton. GLOUCESTER AND DEAN FOREST RAILWAY. — Thu line is to be opened on the 25th, and the first locals tare now runs between Gloucester and her. It