The Express. — London, England, 1852-04-15 00:00:00

Cite OvilVtoo. TO COILEZEMEDIETE. • Owe/ [Miss " 910 MIS MEWS • 0.0•11 , ," i• p•ollsisd every Saki, GM rm. *otos doe kr PAL & twitsirme.t.isimied ter Tbs Ewer," Lemke Ilkalles yaw. mot he as tlie Whop. Ilourseissdred, W Ter shied se the dry of yekisskod. 1110 E WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tar Dar—Yinikg.llll. Sds...—....Altsruck• da• roadsdaw—dlersisd, 121. LONDON, THURSDAY, APRIL 15. Tne miring Arctic voyagers seem destined to 'v olume the heroes of u many and as wild legends as SEHAsrIAN of Portugal, or JAMAS IV. of Scotland, Men fancy they discover traces of them or their vessels in the strangest places and manners. The tales of etdirroyants are treasured up; the yarns of the forecastle are hearkened after; and if the lost mariners are not quickly found, they may perhaps next be talked of as conveyed to fairy-land for a sea son. and their return looked fir for centuries to come. The last tale that has aroused the wonder of the public is that of the expedition ships having been seen drifting from the north, embedded in a field of ice, over the Newfoundland Ranks. It comes forth under the auspices of the .tdmirslty—rather a suspi cious source ; but of that hereafter. Lot us first examine the evidence on which the talc rests. On or about the 20th of April, 1851—eo runs the story--about 5 a.m., two three-masted vessels were seen from the deck of the Renovation, then about 30 miles from Cape ltace, imbedded in a field of ice. The witnesses upon whose authority the tale is told, are said to be Mr. CUWARD, the master of the Reno vation ; Mr. SIMPSON, his first mate; JUIIN DAVIS, an able-bodied seaman then aboard the vessel; and Mr. Ltscii, a teusengcr. Mr. Cowsito is not at present in this country but four persons—Messrs. STOREY and CLEPou, also masters of resets, the wife of Mr. CLEUGII, and Mr. COWARD'S brother—are said to have heard him tell the story. There is no material difference in their versions of what he said : one is more particular, another less so; but all agree in the main. It is in effect as follows. When on the set edge of the Bank, Mr. Cowaao was called up one morning, about 5 o'clock, by his mate, to see two ships imbed d ed in a field of ice. At the time the mate warned him the ice was about a mile distant; TO TN. IDITOR OP VIII DAILY News. by the time he got on deck it was abreast of his yes- 8114—The extreme sentries of the law was put in seL Ile saw through his soy - glass two vessels, with keep on Tuesday morning eel the murderer John Do person about them. They wer e , s two three- Keane. The advocates for capital punishment might masted ships, having their masts struck and yards have had the us ual opportunities for observing on th is down, andmy. Th ey were "near each ot h er , cession the probable effects of the execution as a the owe upriyAt, the ether with o slight iodination." " g Ikea lessnm" There was the usual hallooing, Mr. Con Aan apologises for his not having examined hooting, _paratang, cheering, and hissing. The them more closely, by saying that ho did not think crowd lighting out for ahobday, and they enjoyed of Sir bolls FLANICLIN'S ships at the time, and that it with as mark gusto as their friends who were at he was in a hurry to avail himself of the fresh wind the moment heitetung down t o Greenwich would en and clear atmosphere to get out of the region where joy thein. If there was no morality in the lemon, fogs are *relent. it is certain that there was acme elsewhere. It was Of the statement of Mr. SIMPSON, the mate, we jut as dsgmWtff as the ono so graphically described have two versions, both emanating from the try our greatut nrmg !Mehl* Mite time Inspectinghuh- Commander at Una. They only lam not, however, p = sts. now to enter upon in the one of a later date containing some tho gassrirm I only beg &tails omitted in that of earlier date ; which the advocates e l priminmeets to pay a due is curious, however, inasmuch as it is stated to the coastantly repeated seems of brutality I. the first that Mr. Sinrsos recollected nothing :SardasbanassAct.. which take phis at public execu but what is therein contained. From the statement Bon s. my now is, to direct attention to a attributed to 31r. Stursos, it would appear that subject oonisoserd with there executions, upon which Mr. COWARD did not see the ice or the vessels. In then surely can be no room for any argument at one report of what Mr. Sim PSON says we are told all. I allude to the torture inflicted upon the that, " The master was very sick at the time, end criminal over and above that contemplated in the the mate could not take upon himself to bear up for mates& The knowing: is an extract from the the iceberg," And in the other, that, " The master Pa retort of the fronts— •• INS sick in bed, and when Mr. SIMPSON called him a stung Ms m the int azontiwir ned it roughly over the nose of the eafw awl was very auk sa and stated that two vessels were insight un an ice- hdiedin•i l reread the =e V The sep, w was assess , then berg, he was too unwell to take any notice, and eoisuy - "Siek, and did not appear to be well greased. • • answered very well ; Mr. SIMPSON, therefore, did When the fatal moment arrived, the esehelasat of the not like to take the responsibility of bearing up to crowd was integre. There was a wades jerk, the drop f and sl the body of the culpri still etaveleect with life for examine the vessels." These statements are quite aell, t, in the air. F t, or seen tun nimd . there Irreconcilable with Mr. COWARD'S, that he was on were 'gum 71ife, and the muscular power of the man ex deck and saw the ships. The mate, too, gives the hibited itself in convulsive throes. ice-field and its contents a wider berth ;ho does not Now, it will be in:the memory of the reader that pretend to have been nearer than five miles from them. similar circumstances have attended many late exe usidiring, however, that he only saw them so far off cutions. The description of Tavrell's sufferings must be iswonderfully minute inhisaccountof theappearance be fresh in the memory of many. The woman who of their hulls. He differs, too, from Mr. COWARD in was lately hung at Northampton was said to have his account of their condition or position: be says exhibited Aligns of intense suffering before life was that the larger vessel was on her beam ends (not extinct. slightly iocrined), and that neither of them appeared Now, unless it can be proved that there is no to be housed (all was not " made snug "). If they method of extinguishing life without causing a large have been truly reported, Mr. Cow.teo and Mr. amount of pain to pm cede the instant of death, there Suirsos have contradicted each other; and yet the is no doubt that such executions as those here veracity and accuracy of both is vouched for as spoken of are not only inhuman, but, as far as strongly as were the veracity and accuracy of a the spirit rather than the letter of the law is con cerns distinguished traveller, when his ' hbours salted illegal. Time was, indeed, when the pain used to remark of anything they strongly believed, preceding death was considered a part of the punish that "it was as true as if Captain GeLsivea had said ment itself. In the case of executions for treason it." The log-book of the Renovation might have gone the magnitude of the crime was considered to call Sr to settle the question, but the log-book is missing for an extra degree of severity in the execution of the —one more among many suspicious circumstances. sentence. The criminal was designedly kept alive as Mr. Stiffens is made to say that the ice and long as it appeared that he was susceptible of vessels were also seen by Mr. Lvscu, a passenger, pun, and then, and not till then, was the deci and by all the mates. Did all the mates keep the sive stroke admininistered. Going back, for in seam watch? Or is it customary fee meager, stance, to the flourishing times of "our old to be on deck as early as five in the morning? A nobility," the object of the admiration of letter, said to have been written by Mr. LYNCH, is her Majesty's Chief Commissioner of Woods and said to have appeared in the Limerick Chronick in Forests, we find that Sir Thomas Blount, in the May, 1861. In that letter, which has been repub- reign of Henry IV., was first hanged, then item,- liked, Mr. LINCII does not say that ho saw the diatety cut down, while yet living, and ripped up oasts; he says they were seen at " a great die- with a razor. Mark, however, that this ripping up tonne r and gives no esneent of their appearance. was a pert of the punishment prescribed by law. At Of the able seams, Jo= Wm, we are merely a still bar period, during the reign, name'', of Eli told that he wee at the wheel when the ice and the Wolk sinner punishments were inflicted upon the vessels were seen, and his amount coincides exactly albellet enteneed for conspiracies against the with that of Mr. Swope. Rabe. Tbs privilege of sudden death was ho- The report d what Mr. SIMPSON says, is the only (waft presumed by bribing the executioner. In all wenn that has been delivered recently. As having ilia - sessik.however, the infliction of pain was legal. lees taken mine Mr. COWanes story got wind, his It was semlemplated in the sentence. At the amount has this in its hvear, that it was in presist time a this is changed. The inflic tamer to speci fi c inquiries , and line- lima of pain before death has been legally Gately. Mr. COWARD'S eommaanicst wee nude The seatihition et the bodies of criminals td"r ell tI7 two rd data a year ago at Claebee. «avian of treader takes plan alter death. So otl:sn it doss not upper when. The' ems- hes the sentine eltillid Me the 'dads nay el the neolleatin et his hearers may el aD ?minimise anseenedia theinliedia of 'vi be denbeed, whim they state sorbing tar pembliment that ea tessibet limns no part giant &as what Mr. Swoon says. In of suntan of death, that it hes freinsatly hap *, letter attributed to Mr. LYNCH that gentleman peed that the hanginew, keel motives of does not allege that he saw the vessels, so Mr. Suer- ass, has ling anthelspda peerwreteh son's statmemat (mode after the loges of eleven I. the air, in order that the sollmeing may be put en months) that he wee en desk at the time may be sod to as !pick) as pos si b l e. 'Deere is no hallbille, presumed to be MITINISOINI. Of Joule DAVIS WO on record in whin the enesederier has been absokisi I know that he tells a story similar to that WM by the eerrounding fenstioneries for hie interlines% by r. Buirsos. At present, then, the ced7 me and the mmendon is, that whilst humanity was in base from one who sae positively be said to ban seine /epee propitiated by his act, law bilk se =gni bees an eye-winless is Mr. Smirecm's ; and it mod sane, Olt. be sonfased that the minute details he gives, after Simple death is the extremity of the punishment sera a lane al time, end whoa he only maw the lee enteseglated by the law el the land. Every pain end vessels at so great a rite__-. sce adiasmi7 see Um over and Ass theesnotesserily attendant upon =Mr. CoweaD and Mr. Leman ewer mainly the Wilkens et dead% is bilionin pad illegal. No. I repeated what gi b t e..111 . 11 0 1111= Joni Davis vertlishie thees east =dded pens an the 11110111 at -told them. This is an y fiemiletion to fondants et in Ragland. John Tswell, build upon. whose spew fi gure bad not sulleient inlet to There is another curious circumstance annected tighten the snow that was to strangle him, is with this story. Mr. Cmwsan, it is said, told it allowed to hang struggling before the horrified frequently at Quebec '• it was a commen subject of spectates he a time that appears to them an . conversation there in May, 1831. But in May, 1861, Elisabeth linekard indicates by her ve a very warm interest we felt at Quebec, and plushy the intensity of the agoisy which she es throughout Americo , in the fate of Captain FRANK- darei bribes life is extinct. All this, however, Lires expedition. The Canadian nowspa, en were pales without comment. Every one concerned in eternally harping on the theme. Is it credible that the bloody anomaly of an execution in the nine ,. statement that two vessels, resembling those of the teenth century is but too glad to get rid of the awful missing expedition, had been seen imbedded in a subject the moment the law in satisfied (?), and die fleld of ice, should have been the town talk of make is stopped by common coast. Quebec and not reach this country till a year later, At the rink, however, of disturbing the feelings and then only by accident ? of the sentimental, pray insist upon thawing atter The story is in itself of so adventurous a nature as tion to these dreadful facts. It is not fit that every to require strong evidence to make it credible. Two execution in England should be a butchery. We ships of the tonnage and appearance said to be de- have gradually got rid of every unneeseng barbarity scribed by Mr. Sineson, which, if they were indeed in our punishment of criminals but this. This must those of Captain FRANKLIN, must have been em-, go with the rest. Until the arrival of that day' bedded in the lee to the north of Wellington Straits, which shall remove every bloody page from our seen drifting over the Newfoundland Bank, towards criminal cede, let it be sacred that the culprit ins tbc end of April, in a field of ice, five miles in ex- ;taped to death shall suffer no more than what is tent ; many witnesses, bearing testimony exactly indicated in the sentence. consistent, and delivered in circumstances not open I Do I wish then, it may be asked, to intraday to suspicion, would be needed to support such a tale. I modos of punishment not hitherto recognised by the But Mr. Stursom alone can be said to have even the ; laws of England? Am I an advocate for such ships : he does not tske urn himself to say they ; outlandish horrors as the guillotine and the garotte were Sir Ions; FRANKLIN 71; and his evidence woad , Certainly . not. If every other capital punishment be all the more valuable if tested by a searching ; but hanging is un-English, let us not adopt any cross examination . The story is alma as mar- I other. All that I claim on behalf of those miser venous as any one of those about the t, able wretches whom we hurry into another world is and is supported by evidence quite so vagw and wee that the hanging shall produce instantaneous death. Now, we do not blame the Admie*ty for inati- It is folly to say that this cannot be effected. A very tutinginquiries to test the truth of Ude story, or ' small expenditure of practical science would be Buff - ascertain its rest import. Though it must be can- cleat to discover a method by which the rope should • hewed, that the eagerness with which the Admiralty produce immediate strangulation. It is well known opens on the trail of any such apocgphal looking that particular executioners have been in possession narrative, co:trate strangely - w ith the apathy of such secrete, and have in consequence acquired an t . that b►' which made it stand so mach and befogs it would tit out air to search for Sir Joint 1. 1111 1- 1 . the Cations that passed through Wellinfip the • smiled contemptuous -4es 4 ' • and ll ; though it now appears he did bass that way; and that friends in this country knew, when he he intended to pies that way. But the Admiralty, so incredulous of the probable and true, hearkens greedily after the adventurous. A story of a carrier pigeon from Sir JOHN Ross, or • balloon from the FRANKLIN expedition—though they knew it had no balloons on board—leads at once to the appointment of what may be called a commission of inquiry. It would not surprise us to learn that they had gravely investigated the story of the clairvoyant who pretended to have seen the missing ships. The truth is that the Admiralty does not act, but spends its time listening to gong). And, like Virtuosos of the time of MARTINI:B ScalNl rage, tho more improbable, ill-vouched for, and childish a story is, the more ready are the lawyers at the Admiralty to prick up their cars, and gape, and wonder at it. But we do blame the Admiralty for the premature publication of what it has picked up respecting this last adventurous legend of the Arctic expedition before it had learned anything that can warrant a conclusion as to its troth or faleshood. We do blame the Admiralty for saisetioolog the publication in the Times of yesterday of throe metal columns of rave l contradictory gossip, that onset bear the test 6C the laws of evidence. Theo ere neatens in this world callous enough to eqjoy Oat is galled a hoax at the expense of the feelings of bereaved finnilies. The balloon story already adverted to, and the mere recent lie of some Davis's Straits whaler, show that such cruel hoaxes have been played off with criminal indifference to the lacerated feelings of , the relations and friends of the missing Arctic crews. They who rashlyy and thoughtlessly give additional currency to gesstisaable stories are scarcely lees culpable than theme wise invent such stories ; and the conduct of the i esnosielies of the Admiralty in giving a wider eirien to so improbable a tale as that upon which we have been commenting—a tale so weakly supptebsd by anything deserving the name of evidence—before their inquiries enabled them either to alarm or contradict it, is highly blameable. THE EXECUTION AT HO] THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY : lA. . • * 1 . .to then • 44 4 . -• • 1 yr, vri . . ann.- .. 1 1 ..,. ' we " • tin . • ng, the/ 4. Ardis " ••• . • • features . our public executions h imperatively dsnsnded by every Meting of humanity and justice. • . Yours, tic., Z. _FRANCE. PAM% Tararlsbrr EV/Ulll5O. The Messitear bray annoesses that by a decree of the government, deled on the 12th inst., three pro hears of the College of Fusee, MM. Michalek Edgar Quinet, and Adam Mkkiewicz, have been dismissed from their chairs This step has bass taken by virtue of the perms esarped by the =NW tire in the decree of Matadi 9, which destrepaiffile privileges and independence of the unless*, and made the government eels arbiter in all queffisaa touching the administsadinefthis great touhui gasps. Even under the roon=ttesintstry esuld on ly sew pond the lecturesof a battbepe6asorhummlf was only amenable to his peers. The governmset might shut up his lours; but if the omen of his colleague approved of his conduct, and held his doctrine sound and wholesome, he continued to re ceive his salary, notwithstanding the suspension of his active reactions. Thus, intrenclied within its own privileges and self governed, the university offered that guarantees for liberal and enlightened instruc tion, w ch are indispensable in a country where the work of education is undertaken and paid for by the dabs. But the grand feature of this institution was , that the independence of its members formed the stressed bulwark against the encroachments of the Remo catholic priesthood. Among the foremost of these prolmsors who combated the progress of je suitism under the auspices of Louis Philippe's pro testant minister, M. Guizot, who favoured the Son derbund in Switzerland, and turned from England te seek alliances in Austria and Spain, was M. Mi &Diet, member of tho Institute. Everybody remem bers the great popularity of M. Michelet's lectures at the College de France in 1847, and the immense run of his pamphlet on " Priests, Women, and Families." M. de Salvandy, the minister of public instruction, thegOt fit at that time to sus pend the lectures of M. Mthelet on account of the excitement and enthusing* which they produced in the crowded audienesk and the fermentation which Mewed out of doors. Put the independence of the wthemley probated its members, and out of a jury etgvitssars. who were called to pronounce upon the requisition of the government against MM. Misimiet sad Quinnet, 20 rated in favour of their seemed colleagues. Even, in order to effect the serpeosion of their lectures, the minister had remorse to the indirect measure of restricting their met . After the revolution of February 1848, . Michclet and Quinet were allowed to re-open their lectures, which they did amid enthusi- GERMANY. antic applause. But the government of Louis Napo leon gave the signal for the resuscitation of Jesuit- THE NEW AUSTRIAN PRIME MINISTER. ism; and the law of public instruction carried under the ministry of M. di Falloux, and inspired by M. A telegraphic dispatch, in the Cologne Gazette, do Montalembert, gave full scope to the pnesthood to dated Vienna, April 12, says : seize the direction of the public mind. It was visible " The minister of the interior, Von Bach, is named that the universal dismissal of primary teachers sus- chief of the council of ministers. This nomination ported of inculcating socialism, would be soon followed has produced a favourable impression here." by a blow at the highest teachers, whose lectures still dared to inculcate the princi ples of civil and THE ZOLLVEREIN. religious liberty. No sooner had the President BERLIN, Aran. It. provided himself with what was styled an interim Not only the ministerial organs, but even opposi ttrrpp to M. Gifted, the minister of public tion journals, endeavour to persuade their readers was .added the task of striking M. that - Prussia, by its wisdom, moderation, and firm- Midpilet. It came magma that the predmor t instead ness, is triumphing over Austria's machinations in et tit Intim is the year, only gave nineteen; the Zollverein question. They announce the result {hat iii pupils wale riotous • that M. Michelet was of the Darmstadt conference of ministers from the Spasm of horsey and se dition, rather than reli- south as a fresh homage to Prnssia's ascendancy. Om s mel. ia Jae, by lectures were closed by the The resolutions passed at Darmstadt were, it ap gemeommt. This time the great majority of the pears, that the Zollverein, with the accession of whose liberal principles had Hanover and Oldenburg, be prolonged under its pro resil;= by the disasters of February, sent protectionist tariff; with the modifications supu- Fomenter against him. But, after the coup d'Atat of lated in the treaty of 7th September, measures being Dec. 2, they found that the same hand that had at the same time taken for at once facilitating the @truck their colleague was directed against them- intercourse, and preparing a customs union with salves. On the 9th March the liberties Ind inde- Austria. Because no southern state proposes to se redeem of their corporation were confiscated ; and cede from the Zollverein, and because no prieclo s f e t all barriers ware removed that held aloof the direct separate southern "customs union has been influence of the government in vitiating and pervert- therefore Prussia's policy has triumphed. But why ins the sources el public education. should any southern protectionist states secede, when IL Maki/mice is professor of the Sclavonic lea- Prussia, in order to conciliate and keep them toge ther, tempts a tariff which carries protection to the A few days age there took place a contest for the highest practicable pitch, and contents the most ar place or physician te a tal. After several ere- rant protectionists? The present tariff actually re minationi the candidates iecLrcd that M. Itlarquet, duce the importation of manufactured articles Opinion of Omend Levantine, commander-in-chief to a mere trifle, with the exception of iron of the national guard, sad of M. Vieyra, colonel of and twist ; and the protectionist leaders well the stidk bad been favoured by the examiner, not- know that an increase of the tariff rates would withstanding his evident inferiority. These six can- only increase the opposition and endanger their sr didates then retired frost the contest, and wrote a tem without increasing their gains. Prussia teen collective letter to the secretary-general of hospitals, flees its own real interests in order to content them ; stating their resolution, and hinting the motive of they can demand no more. The conclusion of the the same. Thus the mane of power is such as to Hanoverian treaty without previously consulting the vitiate the independence of free profession. colleagues in the Zollverein rather alarmed and In consequence of M. Martin de Strasbourg's re- amazed the latter, because they feared that Prussia fusel to take the oath of fidelity to Louis Napoleon, was about to commence a line of resolute and inde it is reputed that there is serious intention o atrik- pendent commercial policy as dictated by . its ing hint at once from the roll of advocates of the own interests; but at present these apprehensions Court of Caseation. and preventing him from avail- having been allayed, tho protectionist states are of hog himself of his privilege to Dallis o ffice . course in their hearts very content with a treaty It is said that the President refused to admit the which not only gains for protectionist rule a consider ,Prince de Canino to a personal interview, in cone- able acquisition of territory, but also puts down the quence of the giddiness of his behaviour at Genoa, Hanoverian system of low financial duties, the bone where he visited the mother of Mazzini, and affected tidal effects of which were always . referred to by the a revolutionary demeanour. M. Charles Bonaparte free-traders as practical proof against protectionism. was therefore obliged to explain his business to the The supporting point of Prune's former position, chef du cabinet. his repulse is thought a concession which enabled it to hold the southern protectionists to the injured dignity of the Pope, in despite of in cheek, was the threat or adopling the low fi nancial whose delegate the Prince of Canino landed at tariff system, and forming a ease - with Hanover and Civita Vecclua. the Hanse Towns, having the command of the sea-poets M. Napoleon Bonaparte, son of Jerome, is occupied and the great rivers. This mossoteue strategical point at present with the formation of a society of credit Prussia has gratuitously destroyed; it has broken lower for Corsica. off the bridge in its rear, and bungled itself into such Marshal Gerard is dangerously ill. an untenable situation, that even without a Mot The following is a complete list of the senators being fired, it will be forced to surrender at &e re who are to receive dotations, some of whose names tion and enter the Austrian union, to which the vv. only were lately given by the Debate: In the first is being so industriously cleared. And in face at A. =, who are to have 30,000 fr. a year, are this , Prussian journals vaunt the triumphs of Prue- Berasuay d'Hilliers, Count de Castellane, sia's policy! This reminds one of the Irish soldier commanding the army of Lyons, General d'Hanotil, who boasted of having taken a prisoner, and was the greed rairesadsry of the Senate ; General St. afterwards obliged to confess that Lis captive would Arnaud, Miter at War ; General Magnau, nom- neither come along with him nor allow him to joist mending the army el Paris; General d'Ornano, a his comrades. cousin of Louis' N ; General Pelet, command- The Vienna congress on commercial relations hal 44 =s on ant of the Pol school ; General Petit, who not been able to OW an agreement for the redo. s was embraced the Ilsepercr at Fontainebleau ; Oen. tion of transit duties. The minutes oontain a sums Privet, a gerund of the expi re; General Plat, ode- mary motes whielsettles the question as follows I _ breed for having ecemem a chm, awl "On amount of the connexion between the transit the famous society Id the 10th re , masa duties and the river deea a reduction of transit duties by M. de larderie the delisty af Mx Thema could not Woe place But why could not rivet "Coquina" MX. Mom Mildew of Menses; De dues be missed to moderate MIL merely Owaseilhakflumsrly Wake et public instrustion ; for keeping the rivers navigable P And wl= 8 0 81 .41 19 ~ estempressetative of the pee- treneit dude be levied en goods which do net pelf plea t eerese, Mieleter of Plane Weeks ; by river ? Nea de Mersa& member el the Mort Sine. 1848, not only . the doss on the gust &hies. of Caseatii o raj dea Prinee de Meskows • Lutist Murat, wig-Holstein canal, jotnin the North ilea with the already with audition from anedwr aurree; Beide, had been Mends 11 9 , the seeds Duke St. Simon, a peer of Louie Philippa ;of assessing them had best very womb M. Thibeandean, councillor of state under the em- The Schleswig' minute km falltrissa tht= pire, a member of the Commotion under the revolu- rates, and, what is *till VIM, the old re lion, and one who voted far the mention of Louis which tender it necessary to step every Mil= XVI. In the mead eategcry, who are to have three days for the purpose of overhauling le i = 20,000 fr. a year, Gmerele Aehard, as Bar, and lies- instead of despatching it in a few ho urs. Thu eta, known in the Wslative Assembly as the white government has an interest in impeding the am*. " ratapoile ;" t he_ Lahitte, General Schramm, tion of the canal, in order that ships may go by way lbessarl Minister at War ; Admiral Hugon, M. of the Sound, and pay the dues there levied. a peer of Louis Philippe's; M. The Prussian protectionists complainer unfair pl a t Elie de Beeement, member of the Aim- at the Frankfort Congress. In order to hog pod deny el ilsieseas; M. Dumas, formerly Minis- Mends with the Prussian ministry, they Wind le, tes of Camera ; IL Manuel, ex-representative ; avoid, in the resolutions premed, express maths el IL dapey, • deputj under Louis Philippe; M. Trop- preparing the union with Austria. The votes were lam a member el the Court of Caseation ; M. Viol- 40 to 38 in favour of the resolutions as framed by tutor to Louis Napoleon; M. Leverrier, mem- the l'russians; the president. Prince liohenlohe, bee of the Instifttte; and M. Heeckeree, an intimate claimed for two honorary members present the right of the Birk. 3. Category who are to receive of voting, whereby the ayes and noes whore 'quer 16,0006 a year; Vice-Admirals Casey and Parses' limed, when he gave the casting veto in favour of a Dinshhies, and M. Goulhot do St. Germain, ox- resolution investing him with discretionary power representative. As you will observe, the military have to agitate at once for the union with Austria Wee the largest part of these dotations. Intimate personal the Zollverein is re-established. The Prussian meni friends of Louis Napoleon, and those whofor the last hers are sodiscontented with this proceeding,that they two years have rendered personal services by serving have retired from the general German league, and the secret policy of the President, and contributing to will form a separate Prussian league. divide and ruin the Assembly, while they openly 1 The agitation in Prussian Saxony, against raising protested their devotion to that body, have in the the excise on beet-root sugar„is growing rely next place been largely recompensed. Almost all active. The leaders have memorialised the ministry, the principal ex-ministers have received dotations. I saying that, as the government of its own will in- The amount already saddled upon the public purse duced them to invest large capital in tho manatee for these rewards is 90,000 fr., or early one million,' tune of boot-root sugar, it has no right to withdraw per annum, and much more in all probability will . protection without giving full indemnification, and speedily follow. providing for the large population now dependent The government organs announce that among tho on the business. Ten years ago, when only ten measares to be shortly submitted to the Corps 'owl's- thousand tons of sugar were made in the Zollvercin, elgfilie de budget for 1853, to be examined by dy iet all its details, both' I regale:toe ceipts and exnnses. Grave doubt have been eatertaild whether the interfere's* of the de. puttee with the public expenditure world not be asked to the privilege of voting the 'applies asked for, in one round sum, the executive power relieving them from the necessity of troubling themselves about the application of the money. All that the new , constitution mays upon the subject is, the legislative body shall vote the taxes (finkuot). This clause would be literally complied with if the Chamber were simply called upon to vote the public; seedges. Inferences drawn from recent fiscal decrees haw given rise to the general belief that the condi was to be interpreted in this restricted sense, adiog articles have been written timidly sug tisk so to limit the functions of the repre ea of the people would be to deprive them mosie coutroul over public expenditure. Id - lease announced to-&y that the budget of the minister of state, comprising not only the ex ponces of that ministry, but also the allowances of the great constituted bodies, is now before the coun cil of state, and will be immediately presented to the Chamber. The Petrie adds, that the Chamber will have the right to reject or adopt this budget, but not to propose any amendment. There must be some mistake here, unless the constitution contains some unsuspected pitfall. The right of proposing an amendment, with the onerous forms imposed by the constitution, is not apparently subject to any exception. It is remarkable that Dr. Veron's paper in copying the statement from the Petrie leaves out the last sentence. It ie well known that the doctor complains bitterly of the small importance of his position ass legislator. The Petrie contains the following, which is re peated this morning by all the ministerial journals: A journal announces that certain differenessbave arisen between France and England. We believe wo know that this news is without foundation, and that the most perfect harmony has never ceased to reign between the two go vernmenta. This alludes to a statement which I have already mentioned, that certain French merchants had claimed compensation for loss sustained on the occa sion of the bombardment of Lagos. The Public states that M. Leon Vidal has gone to London upon an important mission, and that the Viscount Pierre do Casablanca is about to be sent to Rome. There was revived at the Bourse to-day the ru mour of forming a camp of 30,000 men at Compeigne, to manceuvrc during the summer At the Bourse, the Four-and-a-Half per Cents. fell 30c., closing at 101 •, the Three per Cents. fell 10e., and closet at 72. Bank of France shares rose 20. The railway market was again heavy; Bale fell 15; Bordeaux, 7.50; Havre, Lyons, and Strasbourg, 5 each; Marseilles and Northern, 3.75 each; Rouen, 150. Vt, APRIL 15, 1862. i tho free iratinie urged the government to buy up the eatabliffihments, and atop the manufacture, which might have been done for half a million sterling. At present the government loses three-quarters of a million sterling a-year by the protection of beet root gar. Th su e shipowners and principal merchants of all Prussian ports on the Baltic are holding a congress at Stettin, with a view to procuring a reduction of the iron duties. The government has proposed to give a drawback on all iron need for shipbuilding : but the Prussian shipowners spurn the bribe, and are not content to separate their individual interests from those of the free trade party in general. They are aloe wise enough to perceive that an abundant supply_ of cheap iron is noesisary, not only for build ing Aim but also for raising the produce and mann hectoring the goods to freight them with. The actual receipts of the Prussian exchequer in 1861 have exceeded the estimates nearly 4 per cent. A deficit of three millions and a half of thalcrs was reckoned on, instead of which there was a surplus of half a million, oven after the appropriation of more than three millions of thalers to the sinking fund. The Kreue Zeiettv takes the opportunity of repre senting the financial prosperity of Prussia as equal to that of England, omitting, however, to mention that there has been a large increase of taxation in Prussia, but not in England. The succession in laden is said to be settled. The heir apparent is to be proclaimed Grand Duke, but Prince Frederick is to conduct the government as regent. A total change of ministry and system is expected when this event takes place. SPAIN. ), APRIL 8. Since the publication of the decree upon the press, almost every journal in Madrid has been daily seized and obliged to publish second editions deprivedof the offensive articles. Several companies that have been publishing great numbers of translated French novels have been constrained to close their business, novels of that class being particularly the object of governmental interference. The Gazette announces that the junta of the public debt has ordered the adjudication on the 29th instant of the fifth portion of the debt liable to be paid off. The amount devoted to this purpose is 2,5N43,700 reals. The Espana states that the vernor of Ma tanzas, in Cuba,has been dismissed f or not preventing the landing of some negroes who had been imported as slaves by several planters. THE PENINSULAR MAIL. SOUTHAMPTON, APRIL 14. The Oriental Compapy's steam packet Iberia, Cap tain J. W. Burney, arrived here to-day, and landed her mails under the charge of Lieut. Veitch, R.N., Admiralty agent. Her dates are :—Gibraltar, April 5; Cadiz, April 6 ; Lisbon, April 9 ; Oporto, April 10; and Vigo, April 10. The Iberia brings 49 passengers. The Iberia experienced fine weather on her home ward voyage, with fresh easterly winds from Cape Finistore, with a head sea. She left at Gibraltar, April 6, H.M. ship Queen (with the flag of Sir W. Parker), Vengeance, Hercules, Terrible, Spiteful, and Janus ; Queen and Hercules were to sail in a day or two for England ; at Lisbon, April 9th, H.M. ships Al bion, Indefatigable, Pha eton, and steamers Dragon and Encounter. The foreign ships of war at Catlin were the American steamer San Jacinto, 6 guns; the French steamer Newton ; the Spanish frigate Villa de Bilboa, 30 guns ; the Spanish schooner Cruz, 6 guns; the Spanish steamers Vulcan, 6 guns, and Isabel IL, 16 guns. Our correspondent writes: LISBON APRIL 9. In my last I informed you that ministers had been defeated on the question of abolishing the punishment of death for political offences. The abolition, which u V opposed, is popular with all classes throughout ases Port and th-ir conduct, therefore, has in no wise improved their position. The greater number of the members who vela with the cabinet in the minority are known to be favorable to the principle of the resolution carried, and only it on account of point, of detail. As the present elr2Cr e ta incontestably the most independent and respectable repre sentative body which has hitherto been assembled in Por tugal, the Minister of the Interior cannot easily be ex cused by constitutionalists fur setting himself so inflexibly against its decision. It has been said that the ministers were anxious to go out of office, and took advantage of that incident to tender their resignation, but no effort has been made to form a new ministry ; on the contrary, the petty coup (Pilaf of Seabee Magalhaens in adjourning the cham bers shows rather their anxiety to retain office. The decree adjourning the Cortes to May 28, is very short, and gives no intimation of the reasons of the measure. As it was known that the decree had been signed to ad )varn the Cortes, a declaration was laid on the table before its arrival, signed by 15 deputies, protesting against the eellection of the taxes from the lot of July (the commence ment of the civil year) forward, without their being voted the legislative body, according to the form prescribed by Ike Bth paragraph of article Idol the constitutional charter. Tim adjournment, however, demonstrates that the minister' have 1116 a majority in the chamber, and that, consequently, duty easiest carry out their intentions ; but the fact is the chamber is a body composed of what we should rill inde pendent men, who merely look upon the government as the executive body, sad will not be blindly led by it; It wishes to see the programme of the Duke carried out, but it is perfectly aware that the government contains a member who is not only a conservative, but an anti-reformer and who in bringing in the additional act, was only yielding to circumstances. The Chamber is anxious—nay, desirous, to see, and to support the Duke at the head of affairs, but it objects to Magalhsens and Fontes Pereira de Mello, the minister of finance. The total less of the steamer Porto, one of the steamers employed to run between Lisbon and Oporto, has filled the tufty of Oporto with mourning. The steamer was is a bad state, and required repair, yet, notwithstanding this, she gut to sea from Oporto on the morning of the 28th nit, at ftit time threatening, if not actually blowing, a gale of 'edeit. A few hours afterwards she sustained a defect, bat aid every exertion to contend until the following day,when, UN( off Figueira, the passengers obliged the mate (who bathe command et the vessel, the captain havingbecn left oa *ore sick) to bear up for a port, and she re-appeared off the bar of Oporto at half-past five o'clock p.m. of that day ; but unfortunately her state would not permit her to contend with the violence of the sea, and she struck on the rock on flee earth side of the Douro, in front of the castle of St. lan do Ws. In this desperate situation, beating upon the test, the sea rolling over her, and the violence of the wintl almost precluding all succour, the cries of the unfortunatf peinagers and crew for aid only augmented the horror of the wbils there was no life-boat or any other remedy egos toss slightest reliance could be placed as NNW On mese of a single life. Notwithstanding these =ee, two pilot boats put off, only to return , as they were unable to sustain the tested with the all-devouring waves ; yet another put off, and succeeded in so nearing the steamer as to catch a hawser which the crew of the latter threw towards her. At this critical moment, the pulling the boat towards the steamer by assiesel7tt bawler, the people in the boat let go the bawler to avoid certain death, and with it every hope of the peemegass was lest ; the boat was enabled to keep the *ea mail the middle of die night, but without being able to save say ass. Ohs, it Is Mid, were made of an immense amount for gulag the pentagon; so much as a coot* of eels (2201.) for se ewe saved, yet all in vain; dismay alone reigned. Attempts Two made to throw ropes to the steamer by means of =ibut this too failod ; at length the fire was quenehed, tte vessel broke into two halves, and immediately sunk, dr pilau of her masts appearing above water, with . pas se,rtlresamin/tcomtheo,nan,:lf .ii ry e ing in , vain f the sea ilr.daludr,eavirr over the awful scene of horror, which had been wit od hy_multitudes from the city. In this horrifying tanner 27posons have perished. A commission has been appointed to examine the locality north of the Douro, for the purpose of forming a port, is conjunction with improvements to be effected at the bar of that river, and other measures taken to succour vessels in danger; and another commission is to inquire fully into the causes of the late disaster, and if the vessel was seaworthy, and where blame exists. Para is declared " infected with yellow fever," and Per nambuco declared " infected." From official returns it appears that in the 24 years from 1820 to 1851, 50,488 persons emigrated from Portugal to Rio de Janeiro. On the let, Le Voyageur, French steamer, sailed on her way to Cayenne. _ , Exchange, 64j. Discount of Lisbon bank notes, 2 per right rent. TURKEY. The Imleratrice steamer brings from Trieste advice. from Constantinople of the 27th ult. confirm ing the telegraphic announcement published by us on Monday. The Porte, acceding to the request of Sir Stratford Canning, has consented that Abbas Pacha shall ex ercise for three years longer the right of life and death over the criminals of Egypt. The power of pardon is to ho exercised in the name of the Sultan, whose rights of sovereignty the Pasha is expected to acknowledge. The railway works are to be pushed forward with all possible vigour until the isthmus is spanned. In consequence of this new arrangement, it is said, the departure of Fuad Effendi is postponed. AMERICA. (PROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) (BY ZLECIIIIO TILEOPAPH.) LIVERPOOL, Tounsmv, 6 A m. The United States steam ship Pacific, Capt. Nye, has just arrived, with three days' later nitrites Irma New York, which port she left on the 3rd inst. She brings 104 passengers and 2,000 dolls. in specie. There is again a complete dearth of news. The Crescent City arrived at New York, with advice, from California to the 2nd ultimo, and 1,300,000 dollars in gold dust. The Panama Railroad was opened from litioya Soled° to Navy Bay. The steam-ship North America, of Vainkrbilee Line, was wrecked near Acapulco, on the 'light n the 28th February. She had 7.50 pn , ,enger.. who were all saved—in a deplorable condition, Now diggings have been discovered at Marysville, and the miners were making from 15 doh. to 20 dohs. a day. At Placerville a placer has been discovered which realizes 120 dole. to the pan. The town of Dowrievillo had been destmyed by firo, loss estimated at 7541,000 dole. The steam-ships Independence, with 29,071 dole, in gold dust, and the Northerner, with 1,100,0001.1.4., had sailed from San Francisco fur Panama and New York. The Crescent City, in addition to her specie list, brought an immense animist in the hands of pas- sengers. Advice. from Callao, to the 9th ult., state that great excitement was manifested in consequence of two vessels having sailed from that port with 400 armed men on board, their intention being the invasion at Guayaquil. They had purchased one of the Patide Steam Navigation Company's steamers, and in tended to send her, together with other vessels and men, on the same errand. Advice. from St. Thomas to the 20th ult. state that a slight shock of an earth. quake bad been felt there. The British steamer Merlin was at St. Thomas, with her shaft broken, having been ashore. St. Domingo advises of the 28tb. February are devoid of interest. A dvims from Jamaica to the 22nd ult. state that the bench, the bar, and the legal profession had agreed to petition par liament on the present condition of its affairs. Anti gua papers mention the death of Mr. Musgrave, the public treasurer of that island. The Dominica papers state that a very general depression prevailed among the planters in that island. In most of tho West India Islands strong efforts were making to secure the planters against any further reduction of duties on sugar, the product of slave labour. Business was in the same healthy condition all when the Niagara sailed. Stocks were iii good demand, and quotations fully supported. The breadstuffs market was very unsteady, owing to the advices front England. Prices inclined to recede. Western Canal Flour, 4 dol-. 50c. to 4 dots. 02ie. per barrel. Gennesse prime wheal, 1 dol. Bc. to 1 dol. 10c. per 001bs. Indian cora, round yellow, Glic. to 70c. per bushel. Indian meal, 3 dole. 37e. to 3 dole. 50c. per barrel. A good business has been done in cotton. former quotations being steadily maintained. New Orleans and Mobile, mid. fair to fair, 9,', to 91 cents. per lb. uplands ditto, 81 to 81 cents. per lb. Provisions in fair demand at full prices. Freights unchanged in quotations. Flour to verpool, Is. Pd. to 2s. per barrel; grain to Liverpool, sd. to 51d. per bushel. Cotton to Liverpool, 3-16 d, to Id. per lb. Exchange on London, 1991, 1; Pori; 120. NEW ORLEANS, Mt}:.11:;.) Cotton.—Strict middling, 7;c. per lb. Fri ights advancing. Excess of receipts now 433,000 bah. Arital. Sales of cotton to-day, 3,000 bales, at 71c. to ;le. for middling. CIIARLESTOWN, ANC! L Sales of cotton, 2,000 bales, at ic. per lb. decline. FISTULA INFIRMARY. Yesterday, the ordinary annual meeting of the governors of this charity was held at the London Tavern; Lteut.-General Sir J. LAW Lt ss morose in the chair. The SZVISTARY read the report for the year ending the 31. t. of December, 1831, of which the following constitute the main portions: " The recurrence of another anniversary mai upon the essamittee for their annual report, and it is to [him a Ilatrilo of deep thankfulness to the (ireat Disposer of Events, that they can again congratulate the governors and subscribers on the advancement which during the past year the infirmary has made, and on the bright prospects held out to it by the future. Under His blessing, it has progressed in subscriptions and donations, both to the general and building fund, the latter having reached the amount recommended by your committee as the minimum upoa which the new building should be commenced. With sorrow have the committee to announce, that during the past year the hand of death has again deprived the charity of some of its valuable and valued friend., among whom they have to record and remt Alderman Sir John Pine, Bart., and John Deacon, Eoq., Vice-Presidents of the institution • Charles lloare, Esq., and Thomas Dirks son, Esq., the fast of whom has bequeathed to the chari ty the munificent legacy of 1,0001. duty free. It is, however, to the great object of their own anxiety and you», to the erection of the new infirmary, that the committee would more especially direct attention. They rejoice at being able to report a progress in the highest degree satisfactory and encouraging. A plan for the building has been lire pared, combining every wished for advantage. The inter nal arrangements being laid out under the immediate in struction of the medical officers, and while a sulfiriently important exterior hu been maintained, the chief outlet will be found (in strict accordance with the conditions attached to the anonymous donation of 3,000/. receded in their last report), devoted to the interests of the sufferers who shall become its inmates. The hospital will be constructed for the reception of 50 beds, distributed through light and airy wards, containing enly from 6 to 8 beds in each, the object O,T the committee's solicitude throughout having been that, to the utmost extent:of which it is capable, comfort shall be cow aidered as well as suffering and disease removed. Fade aively from the advantages thus immediately resulting to the afflicted poor, it will afford an extended opportunity ler the acquirement of that practical experience which the r► cords of the charity, from its foundation to the present hour, unhappily prove to be so lamentably wanting. ' The committee expected that the first stone of the new building might be laid towards the latter end of June, and they recommended to change the name of the charity into that of " St. Mark's Hospital," as they found that it, pro ; sent name prevented it from participating in acts of charity which would otherwise have flowed freely towards it. The receipts during the last year amounted to 2,077/. 131. 10d., and there remained a balance in hand of 1061. ls. 2.1. The building fund amounted to 3,100/. The surgical report showed that 563;patients were admitted within the year, ei whom 322 were discharged cured, 132 materially relieved, 11 were incurable, 19 discharged for irregular attendinee. sad 79 remained. The total number of patients admitted since the charity was founded was 7,068. The CHAllthiAN, in moving the adoption of the report, slid ho felt confident that a charity like the present would ewer receive the support of those who were disposed to re lieve the sufferings of their poorer fellow-creatures, ,Ilear.) lie hoped, therefore, that those who were present would not heave the meeting without contributing their mite towards *support. (lieu, bear.) It was satisfactory that the fund had progressed so favourably, and he approved Webs eLaoge of name recommended by the committee. The report was unanimously approved and adopted. Mr. MAsraawAN, M.P., proposed, and Mr. S. B. MRS' EVAN seconded, a vote of thanks to Mr. Sandensin, the chairman, Mr. Frith, deputy chairman, and the other members of the committee of management, which wee carried. Mr. SAM/VIM( proposed, and Mr. CAI/Vf seconded, p vote of thanks to Mr. Masterman, as treasurer of tbf charity, which was Mr. MASTEltllin ac i l , u returning thanks, said that he felt is deep interest in the prosperity of the iwititution, for he knew that it was the means of conferring great becefit *4l brim number of the afflicted pear. Mr. FRITH. proposed the thanks of the stoscrnon, to Dr. Daniel, the hon. physician, and to Mr. Salmon, she bon. surgeon, of the charity, for their efficient and gratu ities services during the past year. He need net in that sssedag dwell upon the benefit conferred upon tin charity by those gentlemen, whose punctuality and attention to the wipes placed under their care was deserving of every Mateo. 'lo Dr. Daniel they were mainly indebted for the arrangement of the building ; and to the indomitable por• severance and industry of Mr. salmon they might lead, seeribv the present position of the charity, whilat he was impelled by no tither motive than the feeling w hich g oad men derived from the performance of good action. , (Hear, hear.) Mr. Hareem seconded the resolution, which passid tor ansnosaly. Dr. DANIEL, in returning thanks, said that the meilied officers would at all times be ready to contiuuc their services in aid of en institution so valuable to those pour firnw g. who suffered so mush, and who still continued to stiff r Groat those peculiar diseases to the earn and mitigation of whic h the charity applied its resources. (Hear, hear.) The CHAIRMAN, in replying to a vote of thanl , -, sail. that to the latest period of his life he would tat. a er interest in the institution. (Hear, hear.) lie wou ld d a: he could to aid its funds, and would speak of its value all his friends. (Hear, hear.) lie was aware that r. hap done great good, and the best prisd of the benefit it eon forced was to be found in the fart that many of te persons who were cured in the infirmary hail heroine mu scribers to Re funds. (Hear, hear.) The meeting then separated.