The Express. — London, England, 1851-11-24 00:00:00

Um faroretifS. TO CORRESPONDENTS. • erisod Edifies re" llie E 2 Free asoisialag roe etteires " am, Tends, see Friday eight, toms o f pod. A.Fron be mended for "The eptons." Loodas Iltresionr wet, snot be st the °See, 10, liestirehetteelOy Two o'clock es the day of v 4160003. 61011 WATER A' Tor Mr-lamb& t& 5a......m• ila_ LONDON BRIDGE. le. Aftsmaa. 11. Um. -Aturasis. 346 SOn. LONDON, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 24. IT is my natural and Very that the Earl of SHATTERREZY, when,with r.t e t i ovue CHM:mice, as a sanitary tour in the manufacturing districts of Lancashire, should wish to see and speak to his old elielstelle, the short time operatives; and it is very pleasant and encouraging to find that they, notwith standing his compromise of their extreme desires by which they were once so much offended, should receive and welcome their old patron and leader with respect and affection. This is very agreeable, and, in its way,very useful too. The operatives of England are essentially so worthy a clam, so accessible to the influence, not merely of reason, but of sentiment — are so naturally inc4ned to loyalty and piety, that to know them is to respect them. That knowledgeis what Lord Seisrresneee Is so pre-eminent lyand favourably distinguished for. lie knows, and therefore he re spects, the operatives of England. They, on their part, appreciate Lord SHAFTY.sBURY's interest in and , regard tor them: they believe that he desires to be their friend ; they ere grateful for all that he has attempted on their behalf; but they arc too quick sighted and intelligent, and know their own wants too well, to bestow their entire confidence in him, to adopt his siews as the standard of their happioess, or to suppose that he has entire possession of their ease. They respect his heart, though a cold and an austere one, more than his head. 'They always listen to his counsels with earnestness and attention, and frequently benefit by his advice. But nevertheless they are quite aware of Lord Siterresoexe's one sidedness and puritanism. And those, with all respect he it spoken, are his lordship's great defects. lie sees a great deal of the popular ease, but he does not see, and he does not care for, the better half of it. lie labours and works and wearies for success. in matters very interesting; of considerable social importance ; and most capti vating to the sentimental portion of mankind; and, though really an ambitious man and desirous of ex ercising greater power than he already possesses, it would lw very uncandid to deny to Lord SHAFTES BURY the merits of zeal, earnestness and pecuniary dis interestedness. But he wants moral comprehensive. tress. enlarged logical powers, high courage and great national objects. lie would make, if he could, the country good, clean, severely pious, and frigidly puritanical. But there he would stop; there he would turn his hand from the plough. Neither has be, apparently, the least idea of the effect which free dom, and liberty, and political power would have in promoting the best of his own aims. His reliance on the inclinations and capacity of the people to im prove themselves, when, under more favourable cir enmetancea, they have the , means, and when stimulated by Kreuter self-respect, such as the suffrage would inevitably create in them, is very small. 'lle truth then is that Lord SHAF rx:-.BuRY is not a statesman in the proper sense of the word ;he has no politic.tl theory or great principles on which to form a nation or to make it play its assigned part is the world's great drama. lie would make it slink quietly through exist( nee. lie would give the working classes time to wash themselves and nurse their ehilllmn, to say their prayers and go to church (all of which are excellent in their way) ; but just as Le never joined in tlw gnat efforts to give them cheap bread until their masters and employers had really won it for them, so now, when they are, it is to be hoped, on the point of winning the franchise for themselves, he omits from his consideration that great element of their improvement. and talks to them of the imniense advantages of constant supplies of Goad water. And that 14 quite Lord SHAFTEsarRY'II style. lie 1 is for ever putting the small cart before the great 1, hone. lie bade his audience at Manchester fall on their knees and thank heaven Inc the Short Time Bill. if they were better off, it was mainly because of the Short Time Bill ; if they had not, in the ter rible tear lala, been revolutionary in their move ments, it was the Short Time Bill ; if they had the opportunity of spending their evenings by their own Inside, it was the Short 'time Bill; if they were more religious, happier, more domestic, more loyal, I sad in any way improved, the Short Thor Bill had I done it all; and, as the author of that measure was I Lord Suit-moo kV, in praising Goo for these its I Makings, they could nut, of course, forget him. I Now, the fact really is, that the Short Time Bill has as yet been quite inoperative. The I demand for manufacturing labour has, under the I influence of free-trade, burn so great, that the opera- I tires have had command of that labour market, ; in which, so long as the bread monopoly lasted, they used to complain they were slaves to the " money power." The short time measure may be a good or a bad law; but hitherto it has not been tested. 'the fears of those who opposed it have not, as Lord SHAMISIa KY says, "been falsified by events;" for events suberequeot to its enactment, and which were then tar from certain, have averted its operation in the actual eireumstances in respect of which those apprehensions were expressed. Wages base out fallen with the price of bread as the protectionists predicted; the demand for labour has concurrently risen, and has very generally raised wages; and the operatives of Englund arc at this time, and have for the last four years been, what may be coarsely but expressively termed, feeding. 'They are eating. sir; by heavens, how they are catiug r was the significant answer of a large cm player of labourers to an inquiry the other day as to the state of the people in Lancashire. And such is I litendly the case. labour being in demand, wages being good, and provisions remarkably low in price, the improvement of the people in every respect during the last few years has been prodigious. So that, when Lord SHAM:Ma:RP attnbutes this im provement in Manchester primarily to the Short Time Bill, all that his mistake shows is, that he magnifies his own little mole hills into huge moun tains, and cannot rise to a comprehensive view of what he really does take a sincere interest in. No doubt, however, Lord SHAPTKAarIa spoke handsomely and patronisingly of free-trade and cheap bread, but he treated them as subordinate matters to short time and cold water. Being butter off, they ought, he told the operatives, to be more domestic in their habits; to improve their homes; to spend their evenings by their own firesides ; to bring up their children in habits of order, cleanli ness, industry, honesty, and piety. All very excellent and admirableadvioe, and not to be disparaged because it is to be found in every spelling-book and copy head. But what don It all amount to in the present juncture , of public strain? Lord Swerrns acne is a politician, a public personage, an hereditary legislator; a man who, in these qualities and cha racters, has devoted himself to the study and care of the operative classes, who boasts that he knows them ; who states that whilst continental Europe was in a blase he had no fear of them, who tells them that he loves and respects them, and who asks in return their confideuee. Now, such • person, so situated, ought to have some opinion on the great question of extending the political suffrage to this class ; and, having an opinion thereon, he might surely, when again, after an in terval of years, addressing his Manchester t' bre- Wen," have told them what it was. Silent on the point, the inference is. that Lord SitsrrESßUltY thinks water-works, good drainage, and earthenware piperige, constant supplies of water, and the abolition of cisterns and ball-cocks, of far greater moment than the suffrage. If Lord SHAFTEABURT thinks so, his audience, and the great mass of Manchester operatic c% do not. Dirt, filth, disease, and excessive mor tality are inseparable attendants on arbitrary government; and just in proportion as a nation obtain, popular government, so dues sanit ar y re f orm L a improvement advance within it. The dirtiest people is Europe are the Russians: the cleanest those of England and Franey, and they are the freest also. Extended political suffrage would promote mu nicipal activity; and it is by municipal agency that gnat improvements, nachos Lord SaarrEsaulett advocates, must be undertaken in this country. He tails the workpeuple of Manchester that they have reason to be proud of the oceporation of that city. So they have ; the corporation of Idanchester is a . 73; noble specimen of municipal ad • on. Bet why ? Because it hm a might y . puldie ion &tits Deck. It is a vent to public °mist lis wpalid elsewhere: and the political enrage is that .aenf. Give us that, and we will iikilifer be as alma., .----s.,..______-_-_ anti domestic, and happy,Nni giihrrEintii wishes ; and as rationally pious also; though not, perhaps, after the fashion of puritans, but as men with clear heads and honest hearts usually are. iThe Is PROTECTION really dead, or is the fox only uleep ? No sign of life has foe some time been visible in the once turbulent and talkative agricultural body. It lies inert and passive, uttering just now no wand of hope, or threat, or even complaint. The price of wheat has not started up; on the contrary, it begins to evince symptoms of settling permanently at a very moderate figure. Oats and barley, indeed, seem to have risen pretty much to the average level below which they had been depressed chiefly by the influ ence of panic during the years 1849 and 1840. Cattle and sheep are everywhere saleable at highly remunerative prices ; and all the minor descriptions of farming produce are proportiolz affected in the same way. Even as wheat, the increased yield wherever there has improved culture has gone far to compensate for the smaller returns per quarter. All this no doubt 001 I• tributes to render the season unpropitious for a con tinuance of pro-corn-law agitation : and, as we have already said, actual agitation for the restoration of monopoly there is none. We more than doubt, however, whether a good harvest and en increasing demand for provisions raised at home, for flax and wool and food for horses, —we more than doubt if all these great and general compensations fur the loos of a parliamen tary price fur wheat, alone account for the remarkable lull that we now witness in the political importunity of protection. That the far mers are gradually awaking from the landlord illusion, that a reversal of free-trade is possible, we do indeed believe. But how can those who hoped to live and thrive on a popular deception be disen chanted of its merits? The duped may be unde- ' ceived, bit how can the jugglers afford to abandon their legerdemain ? The gulled may in great num bers perceive that they have been imposed upon, and the voice of hunger and misery which seemed to come out of the poor-looking fellow in the crowd, ip point of fact came from the sleek and well-dressed young gentleman who flourishes about the platform; and what are ventriloquists to do ? They must live by their tricks, or sink into obscurity and commonplace industry. They must relinquish notoriety and the lazy luxury cf an existence dependent on the credu lity of the multitude, for the frugal fare of private life and of an honest calling. Looking at the matter in this point of view, it would rather seem that the less agricultural distress was really felt, the more urgent nerd there must manifestly be of loud and angry talk about it. The better things are among the practical farmers the worse for the talking landlords, who set up for their deliverers and economic redeemers. I What chance can there be for a protectionist clutch at power, if the occupiers of the soil once be come used to steady . and moderate prices for wheat, as a fair ground for insisting upon a reduction of rents, and tithes, and taxes? One would imagine that in so great an exigency every effort would be strained to distract attention, if not to regain influ ence; and that any breeze, however wild or peril ous, would be invoked in preference to the horrors of a dead calm. And so under ordinary circumstances it would be. But the state of affairs with the fol lowers of Lord DEanst and Mr. DISRAELI is some what peculiar. We are approaching a general election, and the leaders of the landlord party have in weariness of heart declared that if in the new parliament there shall not appear a clear majority of monopolists, free trade must be accepted as a fait aremnp/i, and the attempt to overthrow or undermine it must be finally and for ever laid aside. But how is this majurity to be obtained? Obviously not by setting the plain issue of high rents and dear bread, or low rents and cheap bread, fairly before the nation. Fur such an appeal the conscience of the Carlton, dml though it be, tells it that but one answers is possible. No such alternative will, therefore, be put broadly to the country ; for on none such could the landed oligarchy hope to win. Anything and every thing else will consequently be relied un for the time being rather than protection. That being the real end and rim, nothing is to be said about it for the present, or the less the better. The busy millions arc not to be disturbed at their hearty meals—the heartiest meals they have eaten for many a day—by any greedy cry of monopoly. They arc, if possible,to be lured to the hustings on some wholly different pretence, and thus it is fondly dreamed that stores of protectionists en mavine may slip into the parliameut of 18.12. The poor old fox is dead, quite stiff and cold, good people : trouble yourselves about securing your larder door, and fastening your farm yard gate, no more. To us it looks as though the old rogue was only asleep. At all events, we are sure that the people would be very great simpletons if they suffered themselves to be thrown off their guard by what may, sad we believe will, prove to be no more than a feint. It would be rather lute to discover that protection had not been aban doned, when a majority had been obtained in favour thereof, or of what is insidiously called "its equiva lent." The siding scale of 1813, or of 1826, or of ' 1842, may never again be heard of except in after dinner orations in remote and ignorant districts of the country. But what signifies the name, if the thing be secured ? What avails the relief from a bread-tax levied on the industry of the nation in order to swell the incomes of the oligarchy, if "an equivalent" is exacted from industry, pocket in another way ? If the principle of compensation be once admitted by the legislature, all that has been gained in the last ten years, will be again in jeopardy. If a duty on corn imported was not a legislative fraud—committed upon the many by the few—we had no right to insist upon free-trade, and we must prepare to give bark one loaf out of every three to the landlords. But if a tax for rent on the chief necessary of life was a statutable act of extor tion cud sordid wrong, then we owe the owners of landed property no compensation whatever : and we must take care to vote for no man at the coming elections who does not give a positive and distinct exposition of his views and his intentions upon this vital point of national policy. Lord Deafer is too expeneneed and expert a poli tician to raise unnecessary alarm ; and his accom plished lieutenant, the member for Bucks, has long been coaxing the remorseless Reviund to cease his pursuit of plunder in the old form, and seek "an equivalent " elsewhere. " Why not get rid of direct taxation entirely and lay duties instead upon all imported goods?" But until now the astute ad viser has oftener been snapped at than thanked for kis pains; nor do we suppose that anything but the tardy conviction that the last chance for a restora tion in some shape of landlord taxation would be that afforded by a crafts- use of the next general election, would have ever induced Protection to submit to shut its eyes, and to be hung up for a time as if it were actually dead. The Master-General and Board of Ordnance hare recently issued an order extending to the Ordnance corps the plan forms ily adopted Inc tho army in general, for in vestiug in • sayings bank, for the beneht of the orphan chiolren. the sums accumulated by the savings of deceased soldiers. Messrs. Cox and Co., the agents for the artillery, have accordingly been instructed to open an orphan savings bank account tor the Ordnance corps. DINNER To MR. CRAWFORD, M.P.—At a meeting of the reform committee in Rochdale, held on Wednesday last, it WHOA resoised that the farewell dinner to Mr. Shar man Via% fur& M.P., shall take place en Friday, the sth December. The dinner will be given in the Public-hall. Mr. Bright, M.P., will be present; and it is expected that Mr. Cobden. M.P., and senate other members of the House of Cumin -n., will also attend. — !f 'Arlie:ter Ezussmer. HYPRE.ENTATION OF Chit KNWICH.—Mr. Montagu Chambers alinunces his intention id offering himself as a candidate on the first vacancy occurring in the representa tion of the borough. Mr. Chambers refers to BP proba bility of an elide contest by the appointment of Admiral Daunt is to the command of the Mediterranean Kentish Mercury. THY. LATE L.tOT WARD.—The Ostend steamer of Friday brnuaht over the moral remains of Lily Ward. •ho dna at Selkwalbach, in the duchy of N,111•414 on the I ith inst. They were accoinplrded by Lord Ward And her lanysliip's father, Mr. Hubert D. Burgh, who have bees In attendance en her during her painful illness. The re mains were forwariltd on Saturday tnght to Hinkley, near Dudley, in Staffordshire, the burial place of his lord chili family, where they will be Interred ti-morrow. FRANCE. IN !artless Eiminto. npon'tliii: torah 'Hill of the MIM- I tee was ' med. . 4 the propos!** wr •, that the six Stint& domicild of in the„esjoinuine *V Ise A •groved ky. __ ......._ of the atiiyor and two sosessors,.vras then adopted without opposition. The next clauses recommended by the committee purported that in cases of a domicile of adoption, where a residence of two years was required, the proof should be, first, by _payment of taxes ; second, by the decla ration of ancestors or descendants, brothers or sisters living in the same house, and third by the decimation of masters or employers with respect to 111“1111111 or workmen living in the same house with Ordr arrator or employer, or in any building used by or kissing to him. This is substantially the same mode of proof es that required by the law 7 1 'Z.. It has always been protested against by the supporters of universal suffrage as being as fla grant a violation of the constitution as the three yews domicil... M. Failly proposed to leave out these clauses entirely, and to admit the same proof of the two years' domicile as had been already voted with respect to the six months' domicile. M. Failly though a legitimist repeated the arguments of the Mountain. He asserted that ander pretence of proving the one condition of domicile the committee had introduced another condition, namely, that of paying tares. His amendment was, however, opposed by his brother legitimist, M. Vatimesnil, who being on this point supported by his fellow-committeemen. who had deserted him on the question of a two rod do micile, succeeded in maintaining the clauses et the committee by 363 votes against 206. The leading topic at this moment is the bill of tiro council ofstate for defining the responsibility of the Pre sident. The Mountain, in its present mood, is half is dined to lend its ear to a design which, ft successful, will dissipate much of the advan tage gained by the rejection of the Questors bill. This manceuvre is nothing more nor less than to subjoin an additional article to the Bill of the Council of State, confirming and regulating the As sembly's right of direct requisition of the troops in case of the President's impeachment. Some such provision may be easily argued to be essential, since in the event of a bill of attainder being passed the President's functions would immediately cease, and the executive power pass at once, de jure, to the Assembly. The bill first elaborated by the Council of State is a corollary of the 68th article of the constitution, which provides gene rally for the impeachment of the President, and adds these words: "A law shall deter mine the other cases of responsibility, as well as the forms and conditions of the prosecution." 1 have given in a previous letter the outline of the bill, which has been framed expressly to trip up the Pre sident in such manmuvres as seem inseparable from the exercise of a centralised power, such as the pro motion of his own canvass for the presidency by petitions and other means. M. Thiers and his com peers are therefore straining every nerve to get ap pended, as an additional article to the Council of State's Bill, the Assembly's right of direct requi sition of the troops, which lett ambiguous by the con stitution was implicitly denied by the rejection of the Questors' Bill. _ SATIIEDAY EVENING. To-day the Assembly met in the bureaux to exa mine the bill of the council of state, on presidental responsibility, and to appoint a committee to report thereon. The committee chosen consisted of the ful lowing representatives, whose names I give in the order of the bureaux : Michel (de )iourges), Pascal Duprat, Crcton, 116 chard, Crbnieux, Berrycr, Jan vier, Monnet, K Arago, Dufaure, Cembarel de Lcyval, Jules de Lasteyrie, Marc Dufraisse, Laboulie, Pradie. The composition of this committee is decidedly hostile to the executive. Only five, Michel (de Bourges), Pascal I)uprat, Cre mieux, Arugo, and I'mtlie, all of whom be long to the Mountain, voted against the questors' bill. The committee contains three legitimists, four Orleanists, two members of the tiers-midi, and six members of the Mountain. But the must remark able feature in it is that the famous Jacobin, Marc Dufruisse, figures on the list. This is the clearest proof that while the party of M. Thiets and the 300 accuse the Elyse() of conspiring with the %loan tain, they themselves lend their hands for a par liamentary maineuvre to democrats of the reddest die. Marc Dufraisse was chosen to the 13th bureau by a coalition of anti Elyseatis merely bemuse he was one of the only members of the extreme left who voted in favour of the proposition of M. Base. The communal electoral law, after a series of languid debates, has been completely thrown into the shade by the bill of the Council of State on the responsibility of the President and all civil agents of the executive power. I observed yesterday that this bill would to all intents and purposes open up again the scarce-elosed wound of the Questors' Bill, with the disadvantage for Louis Napoleon that a largo proportion of the Left will vote i n favour of the former measure, even amended, so as to recog nise the Assembly's right of direct requisition. Iu fact M. Pradie, authur of the proposition which served as base to the Council of States' Bill, laid yesterday on the table a series of amendments, the object of which is to confirm the Assembly's right of direct requisition, and to give a penal sanction to this right. These amendments form to-day the chief topic of political conversation, and are so important that I give them here in full: The proposition of the questors, notwithstanding the re peated declarations of its honourable author., has been coo sidered as capable of producing consequences politically in calculable by a large number of representatives of all shades of politics, who have oppased the measure at the same time that they approved of its principle. They have thought, rightly or wrongly, that such a proposition might become a cause of serious complications. To avoid this inconvenience, and to give to the vote of November 17 its true significa tion, it has appeared to us that the law of responsibility being an organic general law, conceived in the execution of the 68th . article of the constitution, and not with a view to the present or any other political situation, would offer a perfectly natural occasion, without exciting any rea sonable umbrage, to decide the question of principle raised by the 32nd article of the constitution definitively. We have therefore the honour to propose to the Assembly the adoption of the following amendments , : To frame the Ist paragraph of the sth article, under the head of responsi bility of ministers, in the following words, " Ministers may be impeached as principals or accomplices in the crime of high treason mentioned in the 68th article of the constitu tion in case they shall throw any obstacle in the way of the Assembly fixing, according to the terms of Art. 32 of the constitution, the amoont of military forces ne cessary for its safety, and of disposing of them." And to add to the 6th article, on the responsibility of the agents of public authority, the following clause ;—" Officers and commandants of the public force, and other agents of authority, shall lie considered guilty of high treason, and punishable as so guilty, who, in the special case provided for by article 32 of the constitution, would, by refusing to obey the direct requisition of the Assembly, make it impossible for the Assembly to fix the amount of the military forces necessary for its safety, and to dispose of them. Tho direct requisition of the Assembly being only applicable to the special case provided for by the 32nd article of the con stitution, the unity of command will slatternly encroachment but will on the contrary he guaranteed by the article that wu propose, since this article presuming an extreme case suppo-es the treason of tho executive power, and brings under the orders of tho legislative power which in that case would alone represent the country, the forces necessary to maintain order and public tranquillity, and to cause the , laws to be respected." And, lastly, to add the following ' article :—" The President of the National Assembly can ' call on the Minister of War, and on all the general officers I of the army, to have posted up in the barracks, and to place on the order of the day of the army, any part or the . whole of the present law." I hereby withdraw the clauses , of my , proposition relative to the privileges to be granted be- yond the common law to public funcuonaries nn prosecu thins against tin in.—PRADIE. In the Assembly to-day the discussion of the com munal electoral bill was resumed. The whole interest of the house was, however, evidently concentrated in the discussion going on in the bureaux upon the ex citing question of the responsibility of the President and his ministers. The various clauses of the bill were got through with great rapidity amidst inde scribable confusion. The Assembly voted that they would pass to a third reading of the entire law by 441 against 229. The indirrence of the Assembly to the debate on the Communal Electoral Bill has arisen probably from the feeling that the bill on the third reading will be entirely et the mercy of the parties which have hitherto abstained from voting on it. The portion of the Paris and Strasburg Railway between Bar-le Due and Commercy, a distance of 23 NMI opened to the public the day before yes terday. The authorities of Commercy gave a grand banquet on the occasion, at which the Prefect of the Meuse. Baron d'Hervey, one of the directors of the company, the Engine , ns or the state and of the com pany, the Sub-Prefect, and the principal inhabitants of the town, were present. A part of the branch line THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EYENINI , NOVEMBER 24, 185.1., 17 11 :A,t e oti • I pa rc : wilrreach:lifancy usi Prussian frontier, comprised be ' acid Forbach, was opened on the le.qourse of next summer the line "id Strasburg. PARIS, SuxuLY Idokirnm. T9-da y y the president will distribute, in the square hall et Louvre, decorations to the French oontri putors e toi the London Exhibition, who have wee prizes. M. Dupin, the president of the French com mittee of the international jury, will present upon the same occasion the medals awarded. The bill of the council of state, although a formi dable mass of organic legislation, has really only one clause which engages the attention of the political world, namely, that which menaces the president for instigating to the violation of the 45th article of the constitution. The difficulty of defining so vague an offence is as obvious as the facility with which an impeachment may be grafted thereon. Of the 15 commissioners, even the most favourable to the government, M. Janvier, a member of the Pyra mids club, was neutral on the proposition of M. Saw. The Press. says : We hear, but cannot believe, that the three condemned conspirators of Lyons, MM. Gent, Longomaylna, and Ode, have been sent through Paris to Cherbourg, to be embarked for the penal colony of Noukaira. Numerous arrests of socialists continue to be made in the Cher and Nievre. - - - _ The parliamentary club of the Rue de Rivoli held its weekly meeting last night. M. de Fallon' spoke at much length; he explained the difficulties of the situation, and considered that it was the duty of the Right to observe zruch moderation without ceasing to be firm. The Commission on Internal Administration has approved of the bill adjourning the municipal and departmental elections. The Moniteur publishes the returns of the manu facture and consumption of beetroot sugar since the beginning of the season, from which it appears that on the Ist of November there were 251 manufac tories in operation. The quantity manufactured, including 5 ,189,371 killogmmmcs lying over since last year, amounted to 11,878,665 kilogrammes, or 1,696,433 less than during the corresponding period of 1850; and that sold for consumption, or stored in the public entrepots, to 8,545,1,18. M the time of going to press, our Paris corre spondence of last evening's date had not arrived; we have however received the following : (BY SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH.) PARIS, MONDAY. Lefevre Durutle is named Minister of Commerce ; Casabianca,Finance Minister. The meeting of the Club of the Rue des Pyra mides decides for the adjournment of the state coun cil law. SPAIN. MADRID, Nor. 18. At the close of the sitting of the Chamber of Deputies to•dav, with reference to the permission granted to the Jovernor of Saragossa to clear him self of the charges brought against him by Gen. Ortega, Olozaga addressed an interpellation to the ministers. He called upon them to declare if they were of opinion that Deputies could be questioned before the tribunals for the speeches which they made in the Chamber. Bravo Murillo answered that the question would be decided by the Cham ber. Madoz asked fur the production of papers upon the Concordat. PORTUGAL. The Oriental Company's steam-packet Madrid, Capt. John Weeks, arrived at Southampton this morning, and landed her mails, under the charge of Lieut. Veitch, R.N., Admiralty agent. Her dates arc :—Gibralter, Nov. 14; Cadiz, LI ; Lisbon, 19; Vigo, 20. Iler cargo consists of 19 passengers and 14 pack ages of specie. It had been reported at Gibraltar that the crew of . 1 the English brig Violet had all been murdered by the pirates that captured them, immediately after the affair with the Janus ; but u subsequent report had , reached, and which seemed to be generally credited, ' that they had sold them to another party nearer Tetuan for 50 dollars each, which party had demanded 100 dollars each for them, whi c h I sum the authorities at Tetuan had been re- i quested to pay, and immediately liberate them if possible. Further accounts were daily expected lwhen the Madrid left Gibraltar. Lieut. Powell and I the men that were wounded are all doing well. At Cadiz some fears were entertained for the safety I of the Spanish steamer Ferdinando el Catholico, having been upwards of 40 days from Has-annals. Our correspondent says : LISBON, Nov. 19. I have used every care to endeavour to analyse the re- I turns of the electors from the primary assembleys to the electoral colleges, and the only conclusion I have arrived at is, that th' Cabralistax could only obtain a return of elec- • tors in the proportion of one to seven, notwithstanding every undue effort, some of which I think I ought not to omit the mention of; fur instance, in one place the illiterate president of the electoral board gathered up the lists and I bolted with them, so that there might be no election ; in another the administrator summoned the electors before ' him, as if they were defaulters in the observance of the law, placed lists in their hands, and had them marched in the custody of the inferior authority to the urn; notwith standing which three progressistas were elected out of thirteen electors • in a third bludgeon-men were stationed at the door. with Cabralista lists, which they gave to each elector to go to the urn with, taking forcibly their pro greasista lists from them; but, instead of the electors drop- • ping in those Cabralista lists, the dropped into the urn their other progressista lists, having taken the pre caution to furnish themselves with duplicate lints; in another place, the electoral board being advised that armed men were placed in ambuscade to murder seve- ' ral of the leading progressistas, the president broke up the board and retired - so that there was no election. By tricks and outrages such , as these, the constituted authorities fly ing in the face of the government, and giving every possible support to the fallen faction, the Cabralists have managed to secure a return of at least 60 electors; while, in other places, where the authorities have had it all their own way, they have taken upon themseives so to manage the list of electors, and the mode of election, that they have returned Cabrillists. If, therefore, a fair view be taken of the sense of the country, as expressed in some places, and as the electors desired to express it in others, but in which they were impeded by the Cubralite authorities retained in their employment by the Saldanha government , and even by some of the authorities who acted in hostility to the progressistas under the sanction of Rodrigo's notable circular,--it will be found that the fair division of the numbers will be about one Cabralitc to eighteen progressistas, and not more than thirty government electors in the whole, which will bear eat all my assertions that the goverment derives its support from the progressistas, as well as that the extraordinary and reprehensible conduct of the authorities is in a great measure owing to the injudicious circular of Rodrigo, who happily has injured no cause but his own ambitious views ; notwithstanding which he does not appear to recede from his desires to accomplish something. Seeing that there must be a remodelling of the ministry, if not a reconstruc tion of it sltegether. It is not now my intention to go into the returns of the deputies for the whole country in this letter, first, because we shall not know the real result before the sailing of the packet, and next because it is to be expected the example of Lisbon in the primary elections will have been followed up by the country at large in the election of deputies ; I shall therefore explain what immediate effect the present position is calculated to produce. The ministry, deriv ing their whole strength and support from the progres -1 sista' (I will no longer use the term Septembristas, because it appears to be an objectionable appellation), will ' remain in office under certain modifications, which will not imply a change of policy, but form a guarantee for the carrying out the principles proclaimed by Saldanha in the onset, namely, " out with the Cabrals, down with corruption, and reform in the cha rter." The first part of this has b een ac complished in the main, but wants to be consummated by the dismission of such Cubraiista authorities as have lately proved themselves perfectly unworthy of the confidence the government placed iu them ; the second part follows as a caroller, upon the first, and dies as it were, a natural death. The reform in the charter will not be that destruction of the base and fabric of the constitution which the Cabrals have represented it to be the intention to complete, sew that trampling upon it and governing by tyrannical will as they did, because they never derived any support from the people, but only from the bayonet ; it will be merely the adding Mime additional articles to it to ! explain several of the articles of doubtful meaning, to pre vent any further sophistical reasoni ng u p on t h em, an d others which the circumstances of the times require; and ' 1 which, when carried into execution, will be the beat reply . to that intrigue which still keeps up the hopes of the Cabrals fur Spanish occupation, and which will also be a check to , that inordinate desire of the Spanish government ' which now exists to send in an army, and which they have only been prevented doing than the fears they really entertain of its effect in Downing-street: upon this you may rely. Tho progresska party, then, do not claim ' the portfolios of the state as their own, as do the Cabral% ,• but they are content that the present ministry should govern, by the principles of liberty, for the interest and hap pintas or the people! The ministry is likely, therefore, to ' be constituted in the followiug mauneE—Sahlanha, resident and war (as now) ; Magslhaeas, Interior (he will ITALY. ItOME, Nov. 15. A very disagreeable occurrence took place here, at the Metastasio theatre, on the night before last, when Madcmois4 Ile Rachel wound up her performance in Rome with the tragedy of "Andromache." Mr. Pem berson, an English gentleman, had engaged a box on the second row, which is in Italy the dress tier, and for which he had paid fifty francs (the ordinary price). When, however, he went to take possession of it, at the commencement of the performance, he found that it was occupied by some French officers, a colonel, I believe the commandant de la place, with his aide-de camp, who seemed to consider themselves quite le gally installed, and declined giving up . the box to the rightful owner. He therefore repaired to the di rector of the theatre, and requested hint to inter fere in the matter, and explain to the Frenchmen that the box they occupied had been engaged and paid for by another gentleman. The director imme diately accompanied .Mr. Pemberton back to the dis puted box, and showed the colonel the receipt, the tariff, and the printed list, and also demonstrated to him that his (the colonel's receipt) being only for the sum of thirty francs, besides specifying distinctly the third and not the second tier, clearly showed that he had " got into the wrong box." He therefore po litely begg, d him to evacuate forthwith, and mount up to his own box, the same number on the tier above, leaving the lower one to the English gentle man, who was the undoubted owner of it. Notwith standing this distinct and official explanation, the commandant and his friends resolved to maintain their ground; they had got possession of the box, and they determined to keep it, so after a volly of very uncivil language they banged to the door, and subsequently prevented any repetition of the enemy's attacks from outside by placing a sentry at it with strict orders to prevent any one from approach ing. As the theatres in Rome arc placed under the immediate superintendence of the municipal authori ties, them is always a box reserved for the use of these gentlemen, and it is called the palco delhi deputazione, or deputies' box. To these the final appeal is made in unforeseen cases of dispute, and it is their duty to give such orders to the police as may enforce obedience to their decisions. But it may be easily imagined that in the present instance the depancionc stood aghast at the berg idea of calling a French colonel to order, and subjecting him to the same rules of right and wrong which sway the pro ceedings of humbler mortals. The deputies shrugged, grimaced, and protested their deep concern at the untoward occurrence, but at the same time declared themselves to be utterly powerless in rectifying it. The colonel, in fact, held firm, and sat out the per formance in Mr. Pemberton's box. Now here is an instance of the manner in which the partisans of order and legality observe that order and legality themselves. To pay for a box on the third tier Mfr., and to occupy ono on the second tier instead, which had been engaged at 50fr. by another gentleman, was a piece of injustice which could only have been excused on the score of a misunderstand ing; but to persist in such a step, in the face of printer: receipts and the official remonstrances of the director and deputies, was an overbearing abuse of power. It is to be hoped that Mr. Pemberton will call the attention of General Gemeau to the conduct of his subordinate, and that the general will repre sent to the colonel that he is not very likely to ad vance the cause of legality by setting all legality at defiance in his own person. For foreigners to be subjected to the bullying of French officers on the one hand, and the suspicion and persecution of the papal police on the other, is really insupportable, and if continued will deprive Rome of visitors altogether. Mr. Pemberton was secretary to Mr. Goulbourn when that gentleman was in office. Mr. Galton, who has almost recovered, arrived hem yesterday. The bad weather continues. One of the gates of Rome, the l'orta Pia, was struck by lightning yes day, during an awful thunder storm, and a mass of brick and masonry was rent off and thrown to the ground, much to the alarm of the French corps-de , garde stationed there, who thought fit to march out after the occurrence,• and stand under arms on the piazza, in order to avoid impending ruin. Neither the soldiers nor the customhouse officers were in jured by the electric fluid. A good deal of sensation has been created in the ecclesiastical circles here by the President's lan guage respecting Rome ; some hesitation was shown with regard to the publication of the document, and some differences are observe- ble in the Italian press, that of Tuscany and Genoa stating that the organisation of the papal army would render the withdrawal of the French troops possible, whilst the Roman official paper says the foreign troops, by which of course the Austrian are meant also. The Ossercatore Romano got out of the scrape altogether at first, by leaving out the pars graph alluding to Rome, a somewhat strange pro ceeding in a Roman paper; but yesterday it gave the message at length, according to the text of the official journal. The priests and the liberals are laughing at each other on the subject of the army. The priests are recruiting all sorts of people, in order to realise the conditions demanded by France, and allow of the departure of her forces; but the liberals say that the moment the French tricolour and Austrian eagle have left the papaldotalniousthereccntleviesofGeribaldians and legionaries will rouse such a tempest in the army that an outbreak will be inevitable. Here, again, the priests laugh in their turn, and say that they do not wish for better spurt, for that the Neapolitan. will be ready at Terracina, and the Austrians on the Po, and that on the least signal of revolt (and per haps before) they will cross the frontier and occupy the legations and the metropolis before France can well get the news, and certainly before she can bring the matter before the Assembly and have the funds voted necessary for a fresh expedition. We shall see in sum an event who has most reason to laugh. "Biro Lien qui rira k derider." - pt censu red by the Cortes for his circular, which will Ito the Diet ; whereas it was moat anxious for a Mae him more circumspect). Aguiar will takethe'vacant I speedy settlement of the affair. The groundless post ofjUstice and ecclesiastical affairs, now also held by Ma forth, and the interference of the Bund in ness of the complaints is then fully set galhaens ; Louie will return to the marine, which will be this internal question is pronounced to be an attack d h e e lkt n e o l t w o, h w ol h ds o ra w il i l ni g e r o i. r . a t n h d e i ti llea sen ted ee d b e Y part Fo m n e t e es ‘ P w ere bi ris eh Jewis will remain with the foreign department, dependent, upon to maintainnthe is theindependanee fini of t a prii stze ip r l a c t o e f t s h t e at ij e und t bs e hoWever, upon his retains as a deputy, in which, should he which The conclusion of the paper be disappointed, the post must necessarily be given to another. Mr. llislop is again here, using endeavours to obtain the urges a prompt reply , to the question whether, in fundamental law. i grant for a railroad; but as the system of delusion has the resolution of the Bund alluded to, an inhibitorium r passed away with the Cabral', Mr. Haslop will have no chance is to be found or not, and confidently expects that 'of obtaining the grant without the first putting a rail- the Diet will declare the complaints of th e road up to competition. This the g overnment will Bitterschaft of Luneburg and Osnabruck inadrnis on* day do, and the conditions will be such as they may cable, on the ground of its own incompetency. require, and not what a single speculator may wish. That M Hock, rho Austrian technical envoy at Frank agent, therefore, will stand the best chance, who, repro nting a bona fide company, will be able to make a rs- fort, has published the following explanation touch ing the sudden breaking up of the committee on " quired deposit, and who combines is himself the qua commercial and material interests at the Diet: 'dimities's necessary for so important a position as the re presentative of opulent capitalists , who on their part The alterations proposed by the technical committee will be equal to the undertaking. Little feeling caste appeared to me so reasonable that I could not refuse thros in favour of a railroad, but that little predominates in favour my assent. Thereby the Dresden agreement was not dis of one from Lisbon to Oporto; and it is in such a railroad turhed, but more broadly and clearly stated, and new soo the first effects should be tried a. to how far such an under lives alleged for the universal adoption of the pro- takin g would develop the resources of the country, and create jected treaty Greatly did I wish that many of the altem a trade by the facility of transition. A road to the frontier tions rejected by the majority had found more considera would be'a secondary consideration ; indeed, so far aa Por tion from certain governments. But I cannot but confess that in the present state of the negociations, when the s tn . tugal alone is concerned, it is but a secondary consideration. timents of many German states with reference to the adop- Itln Lisbon all was going on quietly when the Madrid left. is said the Countess of Thumar goes to England by this lion or rejection of the Dresden propositions arc unkno wn , packet. If such report be true, it indicates much. The and that many must naturally be influenced by the po s iti on political sentence upon the count seems to have been passed Prussia holds, both in the Bond and the Zollverein, by public op neon; but he cannot return to forgetfulness; the proposed alterations, even if they hail been generally his name will appear in the black pages of history. received, would have had a very uncertain operation, and Exchange, 531. Discount of Lisbon bank-notes, If per might rather hinder than promote the union aimed at. cent. The Prussian Military Journal says: The construction of the railroad front Warsaw to St. Petersburg is of great interest in a military point of view, if we look back on the conditions that formerly decided the movements of Russian troops. Till now no one believed in war till the Emperor, in St. Petersburir, had given the order to his guards to march; tiil the guards had ac complished the distance to Poland, or at least to Lithu ania, the active army in Poland did not move. But it by the railroad a regiment can be sent every day from Moscow to St. Petersburg, and from St. Peters burg to Warsaw, political circumstances are much changed by toe new military powers. It will be remembered that the first train that went from Moscow to St. Petersburg carried troops, and that before the construction of the rail way to Warsaw is begun waggons for the transport of troops arc being built on a scale that would appear incredible for the steam of other states. HANOVER. The Official Gazette of Hanover publishes the de cree ordering the usual homage of the servants of the state to the new monarch. If the Chambers are summoned, it is supposed their session will not occupy more than a mouth. The it Zeitung states that A long struggle preceded the dissolution of Ernest Augus tus; according to an arrangement made some ran ago, the king will be buried in his uniform of an English field-mar shal. The body, according to the same directions, will lie in state for right days; if the physicians wish it, it may be opened, but the head and breast are not to be injured: If the body is not opened, a vein of the neck is to he divided before burial. The ceremony of the laying in state had commenced on the 2t/th. BELGIUM. A telegraphic despatch of the 22nd from Brussels announces that the amended law on inheritances having been accepted by the government, was adopted iu the Senate by -16 votes against 6. DENMARK AND 'TIE DUCHIES. A letter dated Berlin, Oct. 20, in the Independence lirlye of Saturday, states that Count Charles Moltke would be nominated minister for the Duchy of Schleswig. In this position he would not be respon sible to the Diet. BRAZILS. (DT scncrme TELEGRAPrt.) PORTSMOUTH, MoxOAT, 11.30. The Geyser steam-vessel, Commander Tatham, has just arrived at Spithead, with dates from Rio to October ; Monte Video, Oct. 12. The war in the Banda Oriental was terminated. Oribe had retreated to his country-house at Milton. The Argentine forces were reported to have joined Crquiza. Tho Orientals had juiced General Garion. A pro visional government was talked of. The war had been effected without bloodshed. The town of Monte Video had been illuminated. Commander Tatham brings on despatches, announcing the termination of this long war. UNITED STATES. ARRIVAL OF TILE EUROPA. The royal !nail steamer Europa, Cuptaio Lang, arrived in the Mersey on Satanlay night, at half-past ten o'clock, from Boston via Halifax, with the usual mails, 26 passengers, and 180,000 dots, inspecie. The Europa left Boston on the 12th and Halifax on the 13th, at lo.la p.m., and received there, by electric telegraph, news from New York of the 13th instant. The chief matter of political interest is the rejection by Mr. Webster of the terms prolapsed by Spain for the settlement of the Cuban difficulty, and fur a better understanding between the two countries. The proposition was for the American government to invite the Spanish consul to return to New Orleans, to bring him in a national vessel, and to salute the Spanish Hag over him, and further to restore the value of the property of the consul, and of the Spanish citizens of New Orleans, which was destroyed by the rioters. In ease this proposition should be rejected, the minister was instructed to demand his passports and return. Of course. therefore, M. de Calderon de la Maria is in a diplomatic category. The state and federal elections throughout a great part of the union are attracting much attention in Now York ; the democrats almost everywhere gained considerably upon the whigs in the return of the most important officers. In the State of New York, says a journal, the leading parties have been nearly equally balanced, owing to the complication pro duced by tickets formed on collateral issues. From the returns thus far received, we are unable to state the finsl result with any certainty, but according to present appearances, it may be anticipated that a portion of the candidates on each ticket, whig and opposition, have been elected. The character of the legislature cannot yet be predicted, though we believe the Senate will be whig. In Louisiana, the whigs received a portion of the union opposition vote, and have carried the State. This insures a whig or union senator to congress for the next ensuing term of six years. The represen tation to Congress is of the same political character as before, one whig, and three opposition, all pledged to maintain the principles of the compromise on the slavery question. Maryland has given a majority for the opposition candidates fur the principal state officers. In the legislature, the senate will be whig, and the house of delegates opposition. In Wiscon sin, the whigs, in conjunction with the free soilers, have had a decided victory, electing the governor, and carrying that young and enter prising state for the first time. It is supposed that the legislature will be whig. We have no definite returns from Massachusetts, in which state the elec tion was held on the 10th inst. In New Jersey, an opposition legislature is elected, aided by the influ ence of the anti-monopoly party, which is hostile to the exclusive railroad privileges granted in that state. In Mississippi, the union ticket has prevailed by a large majority for the legislature and congress men. Senator Foote is elected governor by a small majo rity over Jefferson Davis, the regular opposition southern rights candidate. Michigan, as usual, has carried the opposition ticket. Hobert ex-member of congress, is elected governor by a very large majority. Adviccs from Port-an-Prince to the 23rd of Octo ber, announce that the emperor had complied with the demand of foreign powers, and had concluded a trace for one year with the Dominicans. He was also to give one year's notice of the commencemens of hostilities. The Nova Scotia Legislature opened its session on the 4th iust. The speech of Sir John Harvey was exclusively devoted to the railroad question. Ho distinctly stated that the home government had offered to aid both lines. LATEST BY TELEGRAPH. NEW YORK, VIA HALIFAX, NOV. 13. The Cambria's news was not made public to-day until too late to show its effect on the market. The stock market has been dull, and lower for all the fancies. No change worth reporting in corn, flour, or cotton, since the Europa sailed. GERMANY. BERLIN, Nov. 22. There was a report yesterday that the chambers of commerce of Hanover had petitioned the govern- ! ment under the new king against the execution of the treaty of the itk Sept., as very disadvantageous to Hanoverian interests. This report appeared in the Gazette fur North Germatty,but I am inclined to qutsi tion its correctness, for no opposition of this kind was manifested during the late king's life, and private ' letters received today from Hanover make no men tion of the fact, which if true, occurring s o su dd en ly and immediatel3 • after the king's death, would show little respect for his memory and would be very offensive to his stevessor It is likely enough, how- I ever, that there will be an effort made, both . by the I protectionists and the party who arc called ult ra free traders, to set the treaty aside. The reply of Hanover to the Bund, touching the inhibiturauni question , is, I learn, meet decided in its tone. The document begins by declaring that the government must decline going into the material part of the alleged grievances, as by doing so it might furnish a pretext for delay in coming to its decision