The Express. — London, England, 1852-02-09 00:00:00

Ilt, enrols. TO CORRESPONDENTS. ♦ ware Mike o - f" CO — prousF;;;*6l - hitio was oosairfo I Omoto." r polibmial inory Tosoior owl Mary tairo flor pot. hi•IRLIONINIMISIaftended Are The Eamon." Ludas loostog vow, Nbe offloo, to. posoorloolna, b Two ("onk oa lay of pokiloobos, RION WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE . Tim Dav—lforsies. 46. Sba,—....Ahreases, 41. Wm. itfwviassw—Murikaig. SI. 41a. LONDON, MONDAY; FEBRUARY 9. MILITARY administration is notoriously the weak point of constitutional monarchies. It is not neces sary to go far to peek the cause of this weaknees; it to be found in the division of the powers of the Mate. In absolute governments the army and navy are the tools of the despot, and he has personally the greatest interest in their thorough efficiency and eco nomy. The same power that supports them is able to wield them without restraint to the working out of his will. They exist only to be the ready instru ments of his wishes; if not tit for immediate and energetic service. what motive has he for maintain ing them ? On the other hand, whatever is saved is their cost is so much gained for his own treasury; clwapness, combined with the requisite afficieney, is fur an absolute sovereign the natural and paramount law of military administration. The caw is wholly different in constitutional Bri tain. Perliament pays fur the army, and is the vir tual arbiter of war and peace. S h e executive his nothing but the management of the forces; and un able to employ them to gratify its ambition, com pensates itself with the secondary but immense advantages of obtaining profit and honours from the conduct of the public service. Hence the jealousy so steadily shown of the interference of parliament ; ' the struggle to withdraw the internal economy of the naval and military forces from the scrutiny of the legislature: the vagueness of the motives assigned fur their number and distribution; the mystifying of accounts; the jobb' re, and the plausible reasons with which an appead to the theory of the constitution is ever made to cover it. Such being the palpable defect in our form of go vernment. what has been done to provide a remedy? The grand and gloriousfests of indiscriminate though licensed ',hinder have partially retired before the advance of reform, and, still more, of an enlightened raps: but the full light of day is far yet from having dispelled the darkness. Jobbing, if more moderate and de emus, is still most real, and most injurious to the commonwealth. The whole nation lies been startled by the revelations which the sudden alarm of an invasion has disclosed. Dockyards without 'ship—fleet*, and no vomits to protect our shores— men without guns, and guns without men—artillery without homes --a vast army, and no soldiers to repel an invader--costly steamers that will not transport troops—soldiers with muskets which an enemy ridi cules—provisions which no one can eat—a huge expenditure gigantic establishments, but enor mous waste —no safety, no efficiency, no security . against the most fearful dangers— aod, as it is stated, nothing but the omission of the foe to make a surprise at the right moment has prevented even the national independence from being bought into jeopardy. The people of England arc astonished; they can hardly credit the enormity of the neglect of duty they are scandalised, indignant, angry; but will their alarm and their anger insist on a lasting remedy? Will they take some effectual guarantee that such things shall never be again ? Ales, it is far more probable that the executive will imitate the willow, and with the true aristocratic instinct which distinguished the Roman senate, will bend but not break. Our fleets will be recalled from the harbours in which they are idling; steamers will bo paraded about the coast ; new rifles will be bought for the troops; a few superficial reforms:will be ostenta tiously d is played; even fresh materials for pro fi t and mismanagement will be extorted from our fears by a needless increase of our forces. But not a prin. ciple of official administration will be conceded; the eye of parliament will not be suffered to pry into the mysteries of Whitehall ; the buffer of a parlia mentary committee will be interposed between the country and the government; and the control of the army and navy will be retained by the same hands as before. And these events will run again through the same cycle : the public will get over its fright, and fall into the slumber of security; jobbery and routine will resume their ancient dominion: old age and in. competency will emasculate our military strength: and whatever danger we may have now been actu ally exposed to will return on some future occasion as real and as formidable as ever. It cannot be denied that the reformed parliament has somewhat disappointed in this respect the hopes of the nation, though nut wholly without the fault of the people themselves. A thorough venti lating and setting to rights of our naval and military administrations were among the highest benefits announced as sure to flow from a reformed representation; it is marvellous what little progress has been made, in spite of • growing intelligence in the country, and an immensely developed press. It is not difficult to perceive some of the causes of this phenomenon. As yet reform has hardly made any change in the men who fill the cabinet and rule the empire. The same class of personages still alternate in office ; their habits are little altered; and the opposition are as careful not to offend against the precedents and customs of office as those who are in power. On neither side is there a hearty desire to curtail the patronage and privileges of office; still leas is there a resolute will to brave the resistance of the administrators down to the lowest rank of our great establishments, and to carry out through obloquy and odium, and at as infinite cost of patriotic labour, a searching reform upon principle. Nor is this all. Ministerial respouilility has been materially diminished ; the bonds of party have bmonse weaker: and parties now do not pewees a distinct character and credit, as official men, which they seed be solicitous to maintain. Official experi ence and capacity used to be the great vaunt of the twins, and was thought reason enough for keeping eat the whips. Whilst such was the feeling a repu tation for official ability was highly prized, and offi eial blenders and mismanagement felt to be disgrace ful and injurious. Much of all this is changed. Governments have learnt to accustom themselves to defeats; and men who keep hold of the rale of the *entry simply because no others are prepared to take their' pleas, have grown callous to purely official reputation, ant' listen without emotion to the expo sure of the grossest administrative incapacity. To pro penis for reform they oppose a naked vis inertice ; why should they be at the trouble of active oppo sition where their power is esfe,whatever vote may be mass to? POT all this the public service pays the penalty. And to some extent this is a just punishment. The =leare not entirely blameless. They have not a point of obtaining a thorough revision of our military administration; and have failed to give • support to those who were 'willing to fight the Mttle in parliament. Even the parliamentary shempions have been deR cicnt in that singleness of view and esecentroted action which alone ensure success. Bet the present panic, with its alarming disclosures, awe r oppertnnity of winning a great constitu thweloishrty. Let the leaders in the House of Corn eae= show thee it is not security against any pre sent &anger which is needed, but a fundamental Amp in the a exent of our naval and military asevieme: real sad &abiding guarantees for elicieney, tree respormaility to the eatstey, a mare direct sehmdleetion to parliament,eee.dU. kr the proper of those vast 1101111111111 w lia the apentry L i t li be c c i al tic l l y i contributes, but whisk geese Witty mad shamefully wasted. Let the frittedsofthe claim that nothing but a reconstructioa aflhees aloe., to whatever length it may be to carry it, can prevent the mummer a ewe disgrace and peril as we have now pawed dames. Let them not be put off with pat liamenteryeammittem of inquiry, to tire out the public real, sad to Wee re pmts when all the world have ceased to feel interest. but let them pursue the objects as matters of primary importance; let theta stake their support of govern ment on its compliance with the public desire: let them do this, and the evil will soon be remedied. RRrola OF TUE ST. ALBANS' BRIBERY COMM stoic—TM report of Mtwara. Blade, Fonyth, and Phinn, who ewe appointed a onantheloa to inquire into the eir inininlassai the recast election at Bt. Albans. het just bees . It is ea elaborate or the salaam% ye Wished daily as it was on, bat Goss an salmis ow as sicammadatiess. 611iiiiimi••1 . TAR gap: FRANCE. PARIS, VISSIIIIDAT There is an article to-day in the Union which has excited much attention, and would be of more im portance, if the credit of that paper, as a pniiinso organ of the legitimists, were not much undermined by the tinge of Bonapartism it has lately taken. The rotion calls upon the legitimists to take an energetic part in the elections for the legislative body. Fur the rest this policy is perfectly reconcileable with the refusal of the leading men of that party to accept seats in the chamber. It has long been settled that their second-rate men alone are to enter the lists. But they will exert themselves probably to put in as many of these as passible. The Union says: In 18;i0, the legitimists quitted public affair*. Far from blaming, I glorify them. But by the fact of that impulse of honour they remained eightees years without any real action on the conduct and destinies of France; sothat in !Sim we could see the strange anomaly of a republic, esta blished in a country without republican', end without our having had anything better to do than to defend sad strengthen that chimerical republic, so much did we want force to re-enter fully into the realities of politics! If the legitimists condemn themselves to resume their position at isolation, how can they hope to maintain thi it natural influence on present society, impregnated as it is by preju dice and antipathies t Ihe legitimists ought more than ever to mix with the people, and devote themselves to their service. It is the only means of rescuing them from the empire of anti-social opinion., which blind or pervert them. What is manifest is, that if we voluntarily remain out of the pale of the movement imprinted on France, our action Is henceforth stricken with sterility. let our readers be assured that if we add some years to the twenty we have lost, generations will only have to sweep away the little dust we shall leave after as. There is a rumour which deserves to be mentioned, that the government intends to operate upon the fairs of the letritimists by suspending over their heads the possibility of a decree annulling the in demnity of a milliard granted to the emigres by the Restoration. You may remember perhaps that when M. Berryer was on the point of proposing in the National Assembly an indemnity for the 45 addi tional centimes imposed by the Provisional govern ment, by increasing the salt-tax, Charles Lagrange threatened to retort by moving the repeal of the in demnity granted to the emigrix. Fur tho rest, I give this merely as a rumour. You are aware that some days ago a very ani mated altercation took place between M. do Morny and the Prince President. The scene was in re spect of all but the personages like the quarrel between Cassius and Brutus.. De Morny is said to have complained that expressions had dropped from the Prince which encouraged the suspicion that the late minister of the interior had dabbled in specu lations at the Bourse. "In such a time as this it was not meet that every nice offence should bear his comment." But whether the accusation of an " itching palm " be true or not as applied to Do Nlorny, it must be admitted that some millions of francs, in what manner soever won, have been ho nestly applied to the payment of his debts. The court-martial of Clamecy has pronounced sen tence in the affair of Bonneau. Syras, convicted of assassination, has been condemned to death. Tho other prisoners, found guilty only of having taken part in the insurrection, have been condemned to various terms of forced labour. The court-martial has adjourned sine die, in consequence of the late ministerial circular, which refers the trials of the insurgents to special departmental commissions. ' The Mondeur contains a decree annulling the decree of January 31st last, which convoked the council general of the Cher. Another decree dis misses from his functions M. Bardy, substitute of the procureur-general at the Court of Appeal of Algiers. Admiral Trehouart is appointed maritime prefect of the second arrondissement of Brest, in place of Admiral Leblanc, called to other functions. Another decree alters the boundaries of several communes, in various departments, pursuant to reports of the old council of state. Prince Na on Bonaparte, cousin of the Presi dent of the Repu bil e arrived at Calais on tho .sth, from Paris, anad embarked the same day for Dover in the Garland steamer. Count Leon Dundelot has arrived at Paris, on a special mission from Brussels. Count Jose Calvo, a captain in the Spanish navy, has arrived in Paris. He has come to Franco for the purpose of studying questions relating to war steamers. The Tribunal of Correctional Police of Bergerac condemned a few day% ago a carpenter named Juglas to four months' imprisonment for having, in August last, said in a public-house that "in ten months eighteen heads would fall in the neighbourhood." A young man named Wise has just been con demned by the court-martial sitting at Strasburg to ono month's imprisonment and 100 fr. fine, for utter ing threats of death against the President of the Republic. An engineer named Quesnel was yesterday con demned by the Tribunal of Correctional Police to fif teen days imprisonment, for having a musket in his possession. A woman named Costa, a " chiffonniere," was to day sentenced to four months' imprisonment and 16f. Olio for having mid on the Boulevards, " Viva la republique democratiqus et sociale, I have twopistois with which I will blow Louis Napoleon's brains out the first time ho pass to a review. Several placard. were this morning torn down by the police in the Rue de la Glaciere containing these words, " Droit as travail! Viva la republique demo cratique et sociale! Viva la Montagne! The railway communication between Valenciennes and Brusmehi has been impeded during the last two days by the inundation of the Senna at Braine-le- Comte. The large mansion assigned to the Minister of Police being found insufficient for his immense esta blishment, the government has hired an adjoining house, to be converted into supplemental offices. Th; Patric of this evening contains the following notice:—"Reports wholly false are incessantly spread at the Bourse ; it cannot be too often called to mind that the emission of notoriously false news falls under the application of the law." At the Bourse, after much fluctuation, the Five per Cents. closed, without change from yesterday, at 102.80; the Three per Cents. fell 15c., closing at 64.45; Orleans rose 131. ; Versailles (r. b.), 3 ; Northern, 2.50; Lyons fell sf.• ' Versailles (L b.), 3.75; Havre and Bordeaux, 2.50 each. BIINDAT EVIXIIIO. The Duke of Baasano, tho new French envoy to the court of Belgium, arrived at Brussels on Thurs day last. lam able to assure you, on good autho rity, that one of the demands which M. do Bassani) is charged to make from the Belgian government is the removal of the monumental lion from the field of Waterloo, and the demolition of the pyramidal mound of triumph which it crowns. You are aware that soon after the revolution of July the destruction of the same trophy was talked of as a point insisted on by the government of Louis Philippe, and when the French expedition returned from the siege of Ant i werp, in peaking over the plain of Waterloo, it was 'expected that they would have taken the law into their own hands, and hurled the offen sive symbol of victorious fora from his proud eminence. But they were dissuaded from this violent project by an officer, who suggested that it would be much easier to stamp the trophy with ridicule than to overturn it. Therefore, he proposed that they should knock out the lion's teeth, an d pare his claws. This practical sarcasm was unanimously approved, and the expressive mutilation forthwith carried into effect. The application now made by Louis Napoleon for the demolition of the trophy makes one recall his laconic declaration before the Couisof Peers, when tried for the seditious attempt at Boulogne. Ho then said : " I represent as prin ciple the sovereignty of the people, as system the empire, and as action the retrieval of Waterloo." ' The two first points have been carried, and it is cer tain that no means will be neglected to achieve the last. It is a " fixed idea" with the President, and you may rest assured that he will pro secute it with the dogged tenacity of pur pose which marks his character. Meanwhile it is true that the l'rince ridicules the preparations for national defence against invasion which are talked of in England; and I understand that he mentioned, the other day, at his dinner-table, as an instance of the crotchets which prevailed in some heads acmes the channel on this subject, that an English gentleman had shown him a plan which he had formed for the fortification of his own mansion as a precaution against piratical incursions of the French in case of war. But nothing would be less conclu love than to infer the pacific intentions of Louis Napoleon from such ridicule ; since it is woll known that he treated with.diadaisful mockery the surmises , MONDAY airs coup Viet it the moment when the petted which he scornfully &avowed was matured in his head, and he was only waiting km an apt juncture testae the long meditated blow. I understand that the dismissal of the minister of marine has been decided. The 'relive assigned for this change in the cabinet is sufficiently scaniialeas, land would be grave enough at courts having any just pretension to rigourism, but is simply ridiculous under a government which is scarcely more strait laced in its morals than the Directory. The reason alleged is that a charge of bigamy is about to be pre ferred against him. It is still at that General do St. Arnaud evinces much opposition to the plans of the Presi dent, and would gladly resign his post in the cabinet if it were possible to dispense with his services. General d'Arbouville is reported to have dropped, as a comment on this reluctant continuance in office of the minister of war—"'Those plans must be infatu ated, indeed, which could make St. Arnaud recoil." General lioquet, the President's aide-de-camp, has addressed a letter to Madame Peyronni, announcing that the l'rinee Louis Napoleon has commuted the sentence of her husband, who was condemned to deportation. The government has received answers from Spain, Holland, Sardinia, and Bavaria, to the announce ment of the new powers conferred on Louis Napo leen, which have been presented to the Prince - by the various envoys of those countries. TheConstitationnel states that there are rumours of the replacement of Iteechid Pasha and his colleagues by a ministry much less favourable to measures of reform. The Marquis do Turenne, formerly peer of France is promoted to the rank of grand officer of the Legion of Honour. The Viscount Dalbis do Belbeze, formerly officer of the Empire, is appointed adjutant of the palace of the Luxembourg. The department of the Cote d'Or is authorised by a decree to raise a loan, at a rate of interest not ex ceeding five per cent., of 525,000 f. for the construc tion of a prison at Dijon. The same department is authorised to assess itself two additional centimes duriug nine years for the repayment of the principal and interest of the said loan. The department of Maine-et• Loire is authorised to raise a loan of 700,000 f., at a rate of interest not exoveding five per cent., for the construction of a prison at Angers, and roads through the depart ment. The same department is authorised to uses' itself during five years, commencing with 1854, for repayment of tho principal and interest of the said loan. The department of the Pyrenees Orientales is au thorised to raise a loan of 150,000 f. for the construc tion of a depot of stallions at Perpignan. SPAIN. PARIS, SUNDAY MORNING. The following telegraphic despatch has been re ceived from Spain : " MADRID, Fon. 5, 9 A.n. "The Queen has slept with tranquillity a great part of the night, and her state is satisfactory." (BY SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH.) PARIS, MONDAY MORNING, 8 o'CLoot. A telegraphic despatch from Madrid, dated the 7th, states: " This afternoon, at a quarter-past 1, the criminal who made the attempt on the life of the Queen has been executed." Our correspondent writes as follows: MADRID, FEBRUARY 2. You are aware that this was the day fixed for the Queen to go in solemn procession to the church of the Atocha, and there to present the Princess Royal to the chapter, according to ancient usage, and place her under the protection of " Our Lady of Atocha." Every preparation was made in order to surround this. fete with more than usual splendour. The whole garrison was drawn out, and lined the path of the procession through the Calle Mayor, the Calle Alcala, and the Pr do, to the church of Atocha, at the foot of the gardens of the Retire. The fronts of the palaces were hung with pieces of ancient tapestry, and the balconies thronged with company. The Queen, whose first appearance abroad since the birth of the Princess was impatiently expected by an immense crowd, was to leave the palace at 2 o'clock, accompanied by the King and the high functionaries of the court. lint this intention was prevented by an abominable crime—nothing less than an attempt upon her life. Her Majesty had just heard the mass of childbirth (mesa de parida) in the Chapel Royal, and was proceeding along the principal gallery to- , wards the great staircase, when her progress was arrested by :a priest, who kneeling pre sented a memorial. While the Queen was taking it he struck her with a dagger in the right hip. The weapon pierced deep into the thick clothing, and in flicted a wound which would have been much more severe but for the protection afforded by her stays. The assassin was about to repeat the blow, when Count Pino-Hermoso struck him with his fist on the mouth, and thus baffled his diabolical intention. The count was slightly wounded in the scuffle. The assassin attempted to escape, but was caught by the halberdiers. Tho Queen during some mo ments insisted upon going forward with the proces sion ; but presently sho fainted in the arms of the Countess de Povar. Her Majesty's first thought was of her child, and when she received the blow of the dmpr her only exclamation was, " Ay de mi nine," " Aka for my child !" The assassinlis the curate of San Sebastian. His name is Martinez Merino, and his age 63. He was a redaekur of the Catoiico, organ of the Jesuits. Formerly he was a friar of the Order of San Gil, and served later in the Carlist bands, upon the dispersion of which he was received into pardon by the government, and allowed to reside at Madrid. He remains for the moment a prisoner in the palace. I have just obtained these particulars from a friend who comes from the place. All the troops are under arms. The Queen has been put to bed ; and her wound examined. It is slight, and inspires no alarm. The Princess Royal was carried in her nurse's arms immediately behind the Queen. The Queen in attempting to defend herself was slightly wounded in the hand. As soon as the intelligence arrived at the church of Atocha the diplomatic corps and dignitaries of the state whowere waiting there for her Majesty hastened to the palace to felicitate her on her escape. A cabinet council immediately assembled, and is now sitting; the high law authorities aro inquiring into the matter. The troops were immediately ordered to fall back on the palace. The population of Madrid are circulating in the streets in great consternation. Half-past Four.—The capital is tranquil, and the troop are returning to their quarters. Their Majesties seem disposed to take the literary men of the country under their special protection. Ferrer del Rio, a writer in Spanish reviews and newspapers, but better known as an indefatigable translator, has been granted a pension of 24,000 real a year, and a suite of apartments •in the Royal Palace at the Pardo, where he is employed in writing hie i history of Charles the Third, for the compiling of an whichimmense number of documents have been furnished him. The poet and novelist, Rodriguez Rubi, has also been ordered by the Queen t o wr it e the Philosophical history of the Spanish monarchy, f zie . limiple means of all sorts have been put at his =morning, a young lady, god-daughte r o f th e Duke of Chum, took the veil at St. Paul's convent. The solemnity, which was attended by all the nobi ' lit y and gentry, was magnificent. Highway robberies are becoming more frequent than over. The Seville diligence was again stopped the night before last, and the passengers stripped of all their valuables. The robbers in emptying out the • equipage on the road to choose what suited their fancy, mixed the passengers' baggage so much that on the arrival of the diligence at Madrid the hapless ' travellers tired and out of humour had to examine ono another's trunks in order to get at the remainder I of their property. The government is likely to have some trouble r with that grasping and insatiable body tho clergy. Not content with the concordat they have obtained, r 1 the bishops make light of the orders of the Minister I of Grace and Justice, and give decrees of different sorts without obtaining the previous authorisation, while the ultra-catholic prints approve their proceed ings, and the official and semi-official journals aro silent. MADRID, FRB. 3. The Ga:ette of to-day contains the bulletin of her hisjesty's medical attendants, stating that the Queens right forearm has been slightly excoriated, IG.' FEBRUARY 9, 1852. and that has penal , by a of B_linelt,lo-tranversal to the diameter being 6 lines. Some degree of fever took place at night. A royal decree, dated yester day, states that the Queen, according to the advice of the council, has resolved not to con voke the senate to try the aseasain, but that he is to be given over to the ordinary tribunals. He has, consequently, been tried to-day, and condemned to suffer death by strangulation. The cause has, there fore, been sent before the supremo tribunal, who are to judge him difinitively. A young advocate named Urikuiota has been appointed to defend him, ho having refused to defendlimeelf. The assassin is a cousin of the famous curate Merino. The assassin is nearly six feet high, stout-bodied, dry, wrinkled countenance, very bright eyes, low forehead, white hair. Ile left his convent in 1820. He has a small annuity. Ho is said to be a good classical scholar. It appears that he had sung mass, and confessed and shrived several penitents on the day ho committed the crime. During his examine'. tion, every time that a witness was introduced, or any person entered bearing any order of knighthood, he pointed invidiously and sneeringly at his crosses or elasps. The modenulos attempt to show that he ' is a republican, but all authentic accounts agree in stating that he was an emigrant in times of liberal government, in 1820. Ho was a captain in Don Carlos's army, and came over to the Queen in the celebrated convention of Vergarn. This news is copied from the Gazeta Mailer. This newspaper has been seized, in order that the provinces may not know that the wretch is a Carliat. The government wish it to bo believed that ho is a socialist. Many priests have been insulted to-day in the streets. ITALY. PIEDMONT. In its sitting of the 3rd the Chamber of Deputies of Turin commenced tho discussion on the modifica tions proposed by the government on the law on the press, in order to prevent offences towards foreign potentates. The government bill proposed that periodicals might bo prosecuted without an official demand on the part of the offended power, and tkat the jury should be so formed as to offer better guarantees than prevalent national antipathies for the fair examination of questions of that nature. The parliamentary commission, on the contrary, had entirely rejected tho government bill, and pro posed ono of its own, in which it required that a written declaration from the Minister of Foreign Affairs should be produced in court by the public prosecutor, to the effect that a diplo matic correspondence had taken place on the subject of the incriminated article. M. Pescatore proposed the previous question, in order to give time to ex amine a third bill, of which ho gave extempore out line. Count Cavour declared formally that the go vernment considered this a cabinet question, would maintain its own bill, and resign if it were rejected. M. Tecehio, notwithstanding this explicit declaration, supported tho motion for tho previous question, and, after going over the same ground as the former orator, insinuated that government, in proposing such a measure, yielded to pressure from without, an imputation which Count Cavour indignantly repelled. The previous question was ultimately rejected, and the general discussion adjourned to the following Iday. 1 _ _ ROMAN STATES. The IMbats says : The Austrian government has just offered to the pontifical government such great facilities for the creation of a Roman army, that that measure may now be considered as definitively decided on. The effective strength of the pontifical troops was settled by the treaties of 1815 at 20,000 men. The following is the plan in which this matter will be carried cut. All the existing corps will be disbanded and remodelled ; two regiments of • foreign legion will be recruited for out of the country. Austria lends the town of Como es the centre of formation for this force ; each of these regiments will be 2,500 strong. These five thousand men will none of them be Italians, and, as far u can be, Swiss, Austrian, and Bavarian. Baden will also furnish its contingent. Two Roman or Italian regiments, each of 3,500 men, will be formed from the remnants of the regiment of guards and other troops which were in the course of organisation. The gendarmery will be carried up to a strength of 6,000 men, 4,000 of whom are already enrolled ; a battalion of foot ehasseurs, of from 1,000 to 1,600 strong, a regiment of dragoons, and one or two brigade* of artillery will complete this force of 20,000 men. The 6,000 gendarmes, the 6,000 Swiss and Germano, and the battalion of chasseure com manded by M. Alderon-Polomba, an officer devoted to the holy see, will form an effective force which will ensure the fidelity of the two native regiment', and will permit the pontifical government to protect itself with its own troops. The formation and the support of this army will entail fresh charges on the treasury. The necessary outlay is estimated at about two millions of piastres, which is just about the amount of the deficit of last year." GERMANY. VIENNA, Fsn. 3. There arc not wanting many symptoms to show a curious observer that the strange alliance, which for a moment seemed to exist between Louis Napoleon and the absolutist powers, is rapidly drawing to a close. It is now well known that Russia did not carry her congratulations so far as the President wished people to believe. Tho support of Prussia did not last beyond a few days, and now tho fears of Austria are driving her in a contrary direction to that in which they drove her a few weeks ago. It is asked, with alarm, how Prussia would act if it is invited with an offer of increase of territory to aid an attack on France. The Austrian army is to bo immediately increased by no less than 80,000 men, and the state of affairs in Italy, a hero it is not improbable the two powers may come into collision, causes a good deal of appre hension. The request of the President to be allowed to remove the remains of the Duke do Reichstadt is stated to have been refused. But ono of the most curious symptom. of the change of feeling in Austria is the conduct of the press. The only thing to which it can be compared is an adroit tumbler who appears to bo making straight for a given object, when hey, presto! he turns head over heels and walks in a contrary direction. At first the President had delivered France. He was a greater man than his uncle. "In short," as Mr. Micawber would say, "what was he not ?" Within this last week, however, their language has changed. " The French potentate is not to be trusted"—" England is doing quite right to increase her coast defences"—" Nothing is like feeling strong if you wish to feel secure." And then comes a long essay on the value to both parties of a firm alliance, offensive and defensive, between England and Aus tria, &c. M. Brentano has either not been offered, or like M. Bruck, has refused the portejeuille of finance, and the proposed increase of the army sets all our former speculations on the subject at nought. It is quite agreed among men who have made the resources of Austria the study of their lives, that there is no hope for her but in a long and profound peace, which would enable her to make Immense reductions in her military and naval establishments, and to extend her commerce. There is no doubt, however, that M. do Baumgartner, the new Minister of Finance, is doing what he can under the insur mountable difficulties of his position. The late fall in the funds is said to be owing to the purchase by government of forty million Ha vannah cigars, to be paid for in silver. Tobacco, it will bo remembered, is a government monopoly. The small twopenny and fourpenny notes, amounting to about 20,000,000 florins, or two million sterling, are to be withdrawn from circulation. In conse quence of serious riots at Milan, the old six-kreuzer pieces are to be allowed to continue in circulation, and will bo received by government for twelve months longer. The report about a new loan which was current in the German newspapers does not seem to gain con sistency, though it is quite clear that a loan must bo effected before long. It is believed that a war would immediately cause a national bankruptcy. Tkcre is nothing to report respecting the customs warm ; the steady opposition of Prussia will para lyse all the efforts of her rival in this direction, and Austria herself appears reluctantly to acknowledge it. The Archduke Albrecht has returned to Hungary, and during his absence from Vienna Count Appony will act as president of the committee for fixing the constitution of Hungary, which is still sitting. The following little circumstance may serve to show the state of public feeling here, as in all countries where the press is shackled the audiences of theatres are particularly apt at catching political allusions. A few days since, a new farce was sated is which a maa appears with a very red nose. The wit of the piece looks at him with ludicrous suspicion, and reminds him that " in these days when everything I. inquired into, he must be careful lest the police should wish to know how he came by such a red nose." The applause which followed this sally raised almost a tumult in the house, the public applauding, and the numerous officers and friends of the govern ment expressing their dissent. Next day the was said to be struck out, and the play curtairea:rage Although the Pacha who had the Austrian vice consul beaten in the Dardanelles has been dismissed, the internonce, Count Ifechberg, still remains away from his post at Constantinople, and diplomatic in tercourse between Austria and tho Porte may be looked on therefore as still suspended. instrument] BELGIUM. Letters from LiegeandVerviers state that, in con sequence of the heavy and continued rains, the Meuse and Vesdro were rising, and there was great reason to fear new inundations. General Lamori eiere has arrived at Brussels. TURKEY. The retirement of Resehid Pacha and his cabinet is confirmed. Raoul Pacha has been appointed Grand Vizir. Our Paris correspondent writes: "The new Grand Vizier, Knout' Pacha, is of ex tremely advanced age. Achmct Fethi Pacha, the Sultans brother-in-law, is spoken of as one of the new ministers. The change is looked on as a mere seraglio intrigue, without political bearing. But the fact of replacing a minister of acknowledged ability like Reschid Pacha, whose name is identified with the prosecution of liberal reform and the mitigation of Mussulman bigotry, by a feeble old man like Raouf, cannot fail to be attended by mischievous political results." CONSTANTINOPLE, JAN. 25. The Kaaba (the house of God) at Mecca, the most venerated of all lilussulman temples is a small edifice in the interior of which the most precious object is a black stone said to have been placed where it now is by the Angel Gabriel in the time of Abraham. According to a tradition, older than the time of Mehemet, the Lord himself has re posed upon this stone. Mehemet turned this tradition to ac count, and ordered his followers to look towards the rim, and to have this sanctuary ever present in their minds. The black stone was placed in a silver case. The present Sultan caused this case to be replaced by a golden one. Tho silver case was brought to Constantinople, and received there with great pomp. The Vlemu carried it in procession to the old seraglio, where it was to bo deposited in a room destined to receive relics. The Sultan and his mother were present at the ceremony. A prince of the Afghan country, named Kandahar, has recently arrived at Constantinople to compliment the Sultan as successor of the prophet, and to renew the ancient treaty of friendship between the Otto- mans and the Affghans. This visit has occasioned some sensation, because the ShiiUe, who do not recognise the Sultan as the supreme head of their religion, must look with • jealous eye upon this approximation of the Affghans and Ottomans. WEST INDIA MAIL. Yesterday the Trent, Captain W. Clarke, Admi ralty Agent Lieut. Whipple, R.N., arrived at South ampton with the West India mai. The following are her dates of sailing :—Vera Cruz, Jan. 7 ; Tam pico and Chagres, 9th; Carthagena and La Gown, 11th; Demerara and Grenada, 14th : Barbadoes, 16th; Jamaica and Martinique, 17th; Antigua, 18th; Porto Rico, 21st; St. Thomas, 22nd. Amongst her cargo is specie to the amount of 1,709,842 dollars, of which 42,000 dollars are on ac count of Mexican dividends. The Trent brings 40 passengers, amongst whom are Lieut. Butler, RN., from H.M.S. Express ; Lieut. Ayton, from Demerara ; Hon. Miss Copley, from Barbadoes ; Mr. Falconet, from Vera Cruz ; M.. Bristerfeld, from Vera Cruz ; Mr. Cosines, from Vera Cruz ; the Rev. Dr. Muasen and family, from Jamaica ; Mrs. Col. Darrah, from Jamaica ; Captain Cockburn, Royal Artillery, from Jamaica ; Staff Assistant -Surgeon Brown, from Jamaica; Ensign Wallinger, from Jamaica ; Sir Wm. O'Malley and servant, from Jamaica ; Mr. J. Beamont, from Ja maica, died on the passage on the 25th of January ; Mr. Hallion and Mr. Douglas, from Jamaica. JAMAICA. _ _ _ From tho Jamaica papers — we learn that cholera was still prevalent in several places. There had been several deaths in Savanna La Mar, Montego Bay, and St. Ann's. The agricultural interest was in rather a favoura ble condition, and was a subject on which the planters could congratulate themselves. The return of exports of the 10 of of Oct., 18,50, showed that the quantity of produce shipped from the colony was greatly in excess of the previous year's exports. The weather was very favourable for the planters taking off crop, and, excepting those places where cholera and small-pox prevail, the island was very healthy. At Kingston, on the 9th January, a man named George Baptiste was tried for the wilful murder of Mr. James Wedderburn. The prisoner had also wounded several of the persons who assisted in cap turing him. It was satisfactorily proved that the prisoner was mad on religious subjects, and a verdict of acquittal on the ground of insanity was returned. BRITISH GUIANA. The Royal Gazette of Jan. 10 gives the following summary of events since the departure of the pre vious mail: On the 30th of December an important public meeting was held in Georgetown, for the purpose of co-operating with the British and Foreign Anti Slavery Society, in an effort to bring the case of the West Indiesnder the notice of parliament Man early period of the ensuing session. Gentlemen have also been nominated in different parts of the colony to convene district meetings of the inhabitants, for the purpose of seconding the call upon the imperial parliament commenced in Georgctewn. The neighbouring colonists will, probably, pursue the same course; in which event the cue of the West Indies will come before parlia ment with all the authority belonging to the united voice of a peaceful and loyal people, addressing, in • constitutional manner, the representatives of the empire. Our planters have been much discouraged by the ac counts brought from England by the two preceding packets of the low prices obtainable for sugar in the home markets, and of the increasing production of beet-root sugar on the continent of Europe—a circumstance from which, it is here feared by many persons, the produce markets cannot fail to be still further depressed. Alarm, on such occasions u the present, is very apt to overestimate the magnitude of the opposing force, and to underestimate the power of the re sisting one ; nor can most of our home readers interested in the West Indies fail to remember the cry raised in these colonies shortly after emancipation, but now proved to be delusive, that the West Indies would bo undersold and swamped in the market by East India sugar growers, with "countless myriads" of labourers at their command. As the West, however, has stood its ground against the East in the production of sugar, so, we doubt not, it will do the same against Europe. At the beginning of the year the new arrangements re commended by the attorney-general, and sanctioned by the Combined Court, for the administration of criminal justice, came into operation. The result has been that on the let inst. thopftices of high sheriff and sheriff of Essequibo wore abolished, the police magistrate in Georgetown being appointed to discharge the miscellaneous duties of the former officer, and the senior stipendiary magistrate now in Easequebo those of the latter, and the two puisne judges being delegated to preside in the room of the sheriffs in tho intoner ennimal courts throughout the colony ; the power of imprisoning for twelve, instead of six months, being at the same time conferred on these tribunals. . Tbe Christmas holidays have passed off quietly, and the labourers have generally returned to their work. The weather during the fortnight has been rather showery, but on the whole favourable to the planters, who, if prices only prove to be remunerative, have no reason to look for ward with despondency to the crop of 1852. That of 18.51 is in excess of the crop of 1850 by about 10,000 hogsheads. We are sorry to say that several cases of yellow fever have occurred in Georgetown. TRLYIDAD. The Port of Spain Gazette announces that the cocoa planters of tho colony have addressed a memorial to the Forcign•offico, requesting an official interference for the purpose of obtaining a relaxation of the duties now imposed on Trinidad cocoa in the Spanish market. The Antigua Weekly Register, of Jan. 13, says : The weather during the past week has been rather dry. There have been some good showers in the city and in the valley district, hut we learn that the central and windward districts arc suffering from the absence of moisture. We are sorry to state that with the moat favourable weather for the next three or four months, there is no prospect of 'making more than two-thirds, or three. fourths at the ut most, of last year's crop throughout the island. This we state on the opinion of several intelligent and experienced planters, who have an opportunity of judging of the probe ' ble amount of the coming crop. On the 6th a severe shock 'of earthquake was experienced, about twenty-five minutes I to four o'clock, the motion of the earth was not only more violent, but it continued longer than the shocks to which we are accustomed iu this island. There were two,' some persons think there were three, distinct shocks, and that it was the first that awoke the sleeping inhabitants, who were considerably alarmed ; the remembrance of the dreadful scenes of the Bth February, 1843, being vividly excited on occasions when shocks of such severity are felt. Coonnisdel InWAUneassr ass pee 4.1 UNITED STATES. ARRIVAL OF THE ANA. ----- By the arrival in the Mersey at ten o'clock on Saturday night, of the Royal Mail Steam-s!,ip Asia, Judkina commander, we have received our \.•w York letters and papers to the 28th alt. in( •ive. Oa that day at noon the Asia left New Vin k, witty 95 passengers, and about 100,0001. sterling in specie on freight. Her advisee are four days later than those previously received here per the Atlantic. The royal mail steam-ship America, regarding which some anxiety had begun to be lilt on tho other side, arrived out at Boston on the t:vening of the 26th, having been delayed by adverse gales. There is no later news from California, the Wed Indies, Mexico, or South America. In Congress, several animated debates Lad tukea place, but thu subjects were only locally ilittvcsting to the respective states involved. The litines Club of New York dined ligetiter at the Astor Ilouse on the 2Gth to co:mm.1,10110e tit° birth of the poet. The New York Herald has the following in r e f er . ence to matters connected with lionau h : The western people are quite beside them•.:. s with the Kossuth mania. A tremendous sensation been pro• duccd at Pittsburg, the Magyar's first rentio-r p'..iee an the other side of the Alleghenies. The peopi. turned out en moose to greet him, and speeches of the patriotiq character were made by the distinguished gie •:.soil others, As be progremis, the enthusiasm will incr.-tee , until the whole of the upper valley of the Mississippi will be resel l , to explode, and scatter its principles of liberty throughout the earth. Having read one version of the correspondence hawses Konsufh and the officers of the Mississippi, p.,ple are now exceedingly anxious to get a look at the other iiiteh, said to he locked up in the departments ut Washington. We are pleased to learn that their curiosity is about to be gra tified. The noose of Representatives on Moonlay called for the letters which posed between Kossuth, toinineslons Morgan, Captain Long, the American consul at Marseilles, &e. The difficulty is not over yet. In speakiii2 of the letters recently published, the IVashinyton It. public, the official organ of the Prilident, says: " A Wane, makes it apparent that the narrative, including the colt. spondence, is an ex parte statement of facts, and therefere unreliable. It omits notice of incidents which are essential to a right understanding of the matter, and displays a reekless thine to exculpate Knseuth at the cost of truth and iie character of our navy. The affair cannot remain in is pre.ent shape; the garbled story, although sufficient of itself to rebut runty of the inferences at which the Koesuth journals have up.. rived, will necessitate the production of the whole t rut h . " The working dames in Pittsburg appear to be extremely enthusiastic in the cause of Hungarian indep. oilence. By small contributions they arc said to have I.in...if a Inge ' amount of money, a portion of which they presented to Koasuth on the occasion of his visiting them at their work shops. We learn, says the Tribune, that another outrage upon the American flog, similar to that perpomted by the British bark Express, has taken pliare in the southern waters. The American schooner Nlidus wax recently overhauled by a Brazilian cruiser, which, after ransacking the schooner's papers, fired a shot across her stern on parting. This is the second grow insult to our merchantmen by war vessels of other nations, in that direction, within a few weeks. The steamer De Witt Clinton, from New Orleans, bound to Pittsburgh, struck a snag eight miles below Memphis, on the 25th January, at about 4 o'clock p.m., and sunk within two minutes, in two and a half fathoms of water. From 25 to :39 lives were lost, including all the firemen except one. Tho officers, crew, and books and papers, were all saved. Tho following _is from our New York corre spondent: NEW YORK, JAN. The great topic of the week has been the finding of the jury in the divorce case of Mrs. Forrest. On Monday morning the scaled verdict of the jury, made l up by consent on Saturday evening preceding, was opened in court, and proved to be in favour of Mrs. Forrest. A divorce has been granted her. Mr. Forrest is judged guilty of adultery, and adjudged to pay 3,000 dollars per annum alimony. Two circum stances destroyed Mr. Forrest's position with the jury and the public. He was proved to have main tamed an intimacy with a deceased actress, which was very marked and suspicious. It was proved that he was to every late period in the habit of constmitly visiting a celebrated assignation house and paying for private rooms there. He was not deemed, there fore, by the jury to have had clean hands. On the contrary, the charges against Mrs. Forrest were sup ported only by the testimony of the lowest people. who contradicted themselves, and were proved to have committed all kinds of crimes themselves. Mrs. Forrest and her female friends were in court at the rendering of the verdict, and when she appeared in front of the city-hall, descending from the court-room, arm-in-arm with her counsel, she was loudly cheered by thousands of persons who had assembled there, and she was fol lowed to her lodgings, at the Irving-house, by a largo Croup of admiring friends. Mr. O'Connor, her counsel, was also loudly cheered. He was followed home to his office by quite a respectable mob, cheer ing him as he went. When Mr. Forrest came out ho was attended by a few friends, who attempted to raise a cheer for him, but it was accompanied by II succession of groans. From Washington the rumours were on Monday that Mr. Webster was about to withdraw from tho cabinet, in consequence of the recent determination of Mr. Fillmore to become a candidate Mr the next presidency. Mr. Fillmore, after backing and filling for many months, has at last been persuaded to be come a candidate for the Presidency, precisely the re sult which those who knew him predicted. his was, in all respects, a safe nomination: all accord him honesty and a fair share of talent. But his indeci sion has been so destructive to his prospects that ho has lost a large body of friends, who, believing that Mr.Webeter was his nominee, have gone over to him, and are for the present neutralised. The affair with the Austrian Charge remains still somewhat of a mystery. I have given you already the most reliable information, yet there are persons who assert that M. Ilulsemann has written no letter to the President at all. One of the most remarkable things in this country of late, and even now, is the great severity of tho weather all over the United States. Navigation has been interrupted by ice at New Orleans, as well as in New Turk. Persons have been frozen to death as far south as Baltimore. Numbers have perished in the streets in this city. The quantity of ice housed by the various companies for our summer consump twn, and for export, will be immense. A subject has recently come under public notice which I think it my duty to allude to. It is the shameful treatment received by the Irish emigrants on their arrival in this city. The Commissioners of Emigration arc under the influence of three or four large shipping merchants, in whose vessels most of these emigrants come. The tax which is paid by these emigrants goes into the hands of these very men, and they have tho disbursement of it. They have now begun to sell bills on London for as small sums as one pound, in order to monopolise the wholo business, and by their very position, and tho " blarney " of theiragcnts, succeed in tilling their ships. As soon as these emigrants arrive, those who have no money are " herded " in miserable dwellings by hundreds, where they receive the most brutal treat ment. Exertions are being made to proceed against some of these parties criminally, and it is hoped suc cessfully. The Irish, however we may feel for them under the various wrongs they stiffer, seem neverthe less almost worthy of their hard fate. 'fhousands hang around the city to beg, to drink and die, rather than go to work in the country, where labour con tinues to be so dear. They are obstinate and un reasonable, and it is in vain to attempt to move them. The wages of Irish servant girls keep up to f, 7, and S dollars per month in this city, although thero I are thousands out of place. I have in vain sought for the solution of this singular fact. Kossuth is well received in the west. He ismaking his eloquent speeches to delighted audiences; he is everywhere welcomed, and certainly has made many converts to his opinions. Yet nevertheless he will utterly fail in his mission. We cannot interfere with any European matters, except in positive self-defence. There is a rumour from Washington that a squadron of three steamers and other vessels is going to the West Indian seas, under command of Omintander Perry. The object has not transpired. The story of an increase in the number of our Mediterranean squadron is now contradicted. I was informed the other day, by a high functionary representing a high power abrodid, that he had ascertained there was no truth in it, at least at present. As the foreign ministers know pretty well from sources peculiar to themselves what is going on in the Secretary of State's offices, I am disposed to give full credence to my informant. . _ Mr Commadal Intelligence, see pep 4.] by s thing satist that tis n denc the j l'erh franc Irish