The Express. — London, England, 1851-10-29 00:00:00

Eke eraireiso. TO CORRESPONDENTS. Ileuri Nair of The Lamm" wwwWwwl •ToS Mom owodrgro OomUs." poMobod Toledo, soi Woo Mot &MorOwwwWwistosiog Ow - TM Zara.," Leedom two*, paper, wow to of Ms Dam. le, Mannrwiwso. by Two edock the aq of polgicoMos. NlOll WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE TES D e , noralo- Y. Ma....-...Aftwoom. le. Its. Trwassow—lioraws. 31..315. Warm." :Ss. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 29. THAT Mr. Iltwea should wish to quit the colonial department, and fall back upon the comparative quiet and repose .of the under-secretaryship in the NVar- Aloe, surprises no one. Snubbed incessantly in the House of Commons for his unflinching championship of his chief; and. for all thanks, worded by that chief in the office, lie has led a sad life of it. lie has been literally bandied back and forward between the two like a shuttle-cock between two battle.doom The country may have profited little from his sufferings, but in so fur as personal wear and tear went, no one can deny that he has earned his promotion dearly. That the country is to gain anything by the change does not appear quite so clearly. On the one band, the addition of a third retired deputy secretary at war upon a large allowance, to two already equally well provided for, is rather a heavy price to ! be paid by the public for Mr. H.twes's easement. And the mere substitution of a new man in the place he lately occupied, can have little effect upon the policy of the coloniul department. No Under-Secre tary of Slate can do much to check or modify the action of a principal so wilful as Earl GREY ; least of all am this be looktel fur from so young a man as Mr. FREI/ERICK PEEI- For anything this change am effect, the rolministration of the colonies may be expected to tread the uneven tenor of the way it has been pursuing for years. The position in which Mr. FREIWRICK l'eet has seen fit to !duce himself is his coneern, and the con firm of nobody else. Notwithstanding the 'tenacious prudence of his first appearances, which from their almost ludicrous family likeness provoked the obvious joke of " a chip of the old block," Mr. PEEL has already, in his brief parliamentary career, earned for himself the reputation of high practical talents. Modest, intelligent, inth fatigably industrious, he seems eminently qualified for un official career. It is, therefore, most natural that he should wish to enter as early as possible upon that career for which he must feel that his natural disposition and talent best qualify hint. Official aptitude can only be matured by long practice. But if it is desiruble that a young man, endowed by nature with the disposition and talents, out of which the official statesman is made should early place himself in the way of pructierally cultivating them; it is equally desirable that he should not, in his eagerness to accomplish this, make, what is called,afalse start. Not the least instructive 'emboli read by the long and remarkable public life of the late Sir lbme.wr Peet, is the sad remelts to a statesman of placing himself in a false position at the outset. That a young man, of great abilities and equal am bition, accustomed, at home, to find it tacitly assumed that the tory was the only true political faith. Barthel' with university honours, should be led by the early offer of office, to entangle himself with a party, with which he haul trim nature nothing in common, was not strange. But (hourly did Sir Romer Fret pay fur this mistake of youth. The greater part of his caner as a statesman was one continued art of penance for this venial error. Those achieve ments which will hand him down with honour to prigerity, wen• conquests over the false pride of in- Aiveriminating consistency; Titanic struggles to emancipate himself from the , narrow views and false policy of the tic Lion with which he had identified himself. And ferociously did the faction avenge it self on him for striking down its idols and dememt ing their Implies Since the death of its founder, I'err, the faction has only had three really great po liticians to lama of (for the 'hike of Wettiewroa's reputation rests mainly on a different basis) CAN- Witco, Helsel-ale, and Ku. 'the second was saved from much of what the others were deemed to under go by his rad and premature death. But PANNING was literally worried out of existence, and l'eet.'s proudest moments of triumph were embittered by Ow rabid pentecut ion of the drivellers whom they hail attempted to convert to (amnion sense, and teach to art rationally. The danger to which Mr. Feemailee Peet ex pnas himself is of a diffivent kind, but nut lots real. The state of our colonial administration appears to have reached the 11121111' of entanglement. Bight or' wrong every great colonial grout!), with perhaps the solitary exception of the North American, is at this moment suffering and discontented. Tlw West Indians arc irritatt tl, partly indeed by the suffeiings unavoidably consequent on such great social rerolu films as the emancipation of the slaves and the tran aition from protection to fur-trade; but they have also too just reason to complain of the obidaeles thrown in the way of their obtaining free labour, and Nome of them of the denial of constitutional rights. '1 he Austruliann are goaded to desperation by the persever ance of the home government in the, to them, destnictive system of convict transportation. South Africa is rouged to indignation by the refusal of con stitutional rights, and by personal slights and insults hea t ed on the colonists for their stand against con vict tianeportation; and is at the same time in immi nent danger of being crushed by a war against pre datory savages provoked by the folly of a mounte bank governor. Nlernorials and deputations from all these angry sufferers knock daily at the door of the Calooialoffice, till the Secretary for the Colonies fairly turns tail, and betakes himself for refuge to die shades of his paternal home, when the con fusion is at its height. llis *tampering off is taken by his Under-Stemtary as the signal to re sign his post. All is confusion and quarrelling in the Colonial department, and there is no one to set matters to right. At such a moment does the rash Mr. Fitentettue PEEL plunge into the centre of the chaos; he aver is of a subordinate office, iu which he must implicitly obey the dictates of a I chief who dues not appear to know what mune to steer, or what orders to issue Ili+ tasks will be, in the prnetralia of the office, to listen to the grumblings and threats from which the delicate tympanum of his chief keeps at a wary dis tance, and in parliament to defend the no-policy, which it is impossible he can comprehend, much less approve. Here are no useful lessons to be learned, no desirable diameter to be acquired, no opportunity obtained of really serving the country. It is obviously in every sense of the word a false start. The question of real interest for the general public, however, is, whether this new arrangement can be received as any indication of a desire in the leaders of the prevent administration to widen the circle of their political relations—to infuse new blood into the veins of a moribund party? Unfortunately it can not be taken to indicate anything beyond the solitary accession of Mr. l'eet, by hiinsclt to their ranks. Wc let pass for what it is worth—that is, for rothing -the disclaimer of Mr. Pert. by the small knot of would-lie statesmen, who, uncountenanced by any of the surviving colleagues of his father, afteet to call themeelves par r.rrellenrc l'eclites, on the strength of their having engrnfted the state polities of his father upon the ceelesiastital politics of Young England. But it did not need this disclaimer to let the public know that Mr. l'eta. can bring no party along with him to augment the numbers or modify the po icy of the present occupants of office. He stands a tune. The real party of the late Sir !tourer Peet— the men who gave him power and upheld him in it—were not politicians in the custo mary and narrow acceptation of the word. The moneyed interest and manufacturing interest be lieved implicit c in his caution. The quiet, easy going middle.elass men, whom the temporary effer vescence of the Ifilortn Bill period had carried beyond their habitual timidity, and who re. lapsed into conservatism as soon as the fever abated, found him the most convenient and reepectable chief to rally round. A large body of earnest, thoitmgharoing reformers, political and commercial, despairing of further reforms at the hand* of the Whigs. and teeing that l'eo. was wil ling to du something—how much they knew not, thaugh they worked hard to persuade themselves it 'could be a great deal—threw themselves into his meek.. His supporters were strong among the general body of the nation: parliamentary an d official politicians only courted his alliance, becanee he brought this sup port along with him. This real PEEL party—the must ta THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 29. 1851. FRANCE. PARIS, TVIVIDAT EVTJCINEL Scareely a single organ of the press expresses the least satisimetion withthe new cabinet. The AseemblAr, like the Debars, wants to know what it means. The Opinion Pablique and Ordee regard it as a defiance. The Elaitia looks on it as concealing an arrie;re- A rei&e of transitory administration. The liberal press m not a whit better contented. The Ordee says: " The crisis might have had a disastrous end : it has only had a ridiculous one." The des Ifi'lotts inquires what is the mean ins of the new cabinet? and reports that no states , man of credit could be found to pin it, because the President wanted to separate Ina own policy from that of the ministry. If we arc to trust Dr. Veron, it is the President's intention, if te-elected by universal suffnige, to pro pose a partial revision of the constitution to the pre sent Assembly. This supposes a double illegality; first, the continuance of the President in his func tions, iii despite of the lath article of the constitu tion ; and, secondly, the violation of the 22nd and 111th articles, which commit the revision, either total or partial, to a Constituent Assembly. The editor of the Cuattitutiwand thus foreshadows the tenour of the President's message : It is true that the great political game is to commence on the 4th November, and will be played and decided over the heads of ministers. The affair will take place be tween the Assembly and the President. It remains to be seen if the message will be a challenge. The message, if we are well informed, will be full of wisdom and good sense ; it will cause to pass as it were in review before us that numerous and powerful demagogical army which threatens France and Europe. Between the National Assembly which refuses the revision, and the two millions of petitioners, the eighty councils-general which demand it, there is a natural and sovereign arbitrator—the country. The President of the Republic, opening of his own will the arena to all pretenders, demands ❑n immediate appeal of this arbitrator. Is it nut more wise to put an end in the month of Nov., before the claims of all kinds which become due at the end of the year, to tee fever of uneasiness which will prevail in the pa die mind, than to wait on a lied of agony for the crisis of NU ? If in this election, approved by the prudence of the National As.embly, accomplished tinder the most absolute universal suffrage, and when it will be allowed to vote for every one, Louis Napoleon Bo naparte a second time obtains • majority of votes, he will appeal to the wisdom of the present representatives to mo dify the constitution. Let any sensible man be applied to : will the country in the midst of the dangers which in crease every day, incur the ri-k of being submerged under the tumultuous waves of the election of • Consti tuent, and would it not be threatened with destruction under the storms wnieli would take place during the arduous and tumultuous labours of this new Assembly? The President of the Republic will confine himself to pointing out some important points to he treated of in the new constitution, such as the abolition of the seridin de lisle, and the cu-existence of two Chambers. S.nee we are in the vein for prophecy, we will go still further, and we will say, confident us we are of the elevated sentiments and the disinterestedness of the representatives most engaged ; we will nay, with joy for the future fate of civilisation and of our society, that France will be once more saved, and that everything will be settled by honeurable void patriotic compromises. - - - - - -• • Dr. Veron indulges in the preceding lan guage, M. Grassier du Cassanac, who assumes the editurial aceptre turn-about with the doctor, predicts in the most ominous language the necessity of establishing a provisional military dictatorship. After comparing the privileges of alarming the coun try by faction enjoyed by the leaders of the majority, to those of which the feudal seigneurs divested them selves in the first French revolution, he says: Such are the privileges which the Montmureneys never enjoyed. It is Vine that this kind of feudality should CCAAU, and the avant:nacoss and ardent appeal which the fatigued and alarmed people make to the military regime ought to make the high and mighty lords of parliamentary feudalism understand that a fresh night of the Ith August would be generally and favourably received. If we except those three organs, the Cimatitu tionesd, I'rrsau•. and Pays, which have given the President their decided support in his new policy, we shall hardly find a word in their favour on either side of the press. The Constifistesand says that if there is out a ministry, there are at least ministers. According to Dr. Veron, The new ministen are all honourable men, and more or les.:7l;iillieabitheir special acquirements to fill the de partments confided to them; but all these new names, which must be rather surprisvd at now compo,ing a minis terial game of cards, hare morcoser a decisive signification. The significative sod reasonable composition of the ministry enable us to answer with more force and authority for the wisdom of the message. The Pattie preaches patience to the majority. which it compliments on all the new names being drawn from the party of order. The Frew congratulates the country upon getting rid of the administration of MM. Ltaroche and Faucher, the author and reporter of the law of May 31. The name of M. do Thorigny, who defended the Gazette de France when under prosecution, is a pledge of liberalism aril zeal is favour of universal suffrage. M. de Girarditt is glad to recognise In Aim an enlightened defender of the liberty of the prow, at a time when it appeared only to count declared enemies out or the ranks of the democratic opposition. The name of M. de Thorigiiy excludes all idea of n coup d ; if it were necessary to seek an analogy in the past, the The rigny ministry might be compared tothe Martignac ministry, in Itl2B, succeeding to the Villele ministry, una preceding the Polignac ministry, This is a warning to the sovereigu ma jority. Let it reflect on it. The overthrow of the The riguy ministry is the path which will conduct it where the klartignac ministry conducted traditional royalty—to a te volution. Assuredly the new ministry in not a ministry of opposition ; bit let at merit the name of ministry of repa ration, and the repeal of the law of the 31st May will count as a glorious title to the gratitude of all Frenchmen who incline the less to civil war the more they have confidence l in pacific progress. According to the Pays the President seems to aim a is twofold object The re-establishment of universal suffrage, and the legal revision of the constitution. In order for these measures of public safety to he accomplished, whence was a ministry to be taken? Was it from the Hight? The majority re fuses the repeal of the law of May 31. Was it from the Left ? The minority rejects tie revision of the constitution. Thus, on the one side as on the other, the President was debarred from choosing. There remained, therefore, only one plan to be adopted—to select new men, strangers both to the majority and to the minority, men in some measure without personality, and who, is presence of the Assembly, would only represent the ne cessity of the state of things. The charicter of the ministry is, that it is an impersonal ministry, which will not be called by any name of a man, and which will bear the name of the law it is charged to restore and to defend. It wilt be the ministry of universal suffrage. This name is glorious enough to console the new ministers for not giving their name to the policy of which they will be the interpreters. It is not men who give importance to things, but things which give it to men. 1 had almost forgotten to class the Gazette de Fiance among the journals which approve of the new ministry. A proclamation of the new prefect of police to the inhabitants, has been posted up to-day all over l'aris. Nothing can be more in consonance with the President's pledge to persevere in a policy severely repressive of all attempts at disturbance than the language of this document, the most important part of which dwells on the prefect's duty of opposing an insurmountable barrier to the attempts of anarchy. Disturbances have taken place in the Var. The prefect having ordered the closing of a democratic club at Gavle-Freinet, and the members having broken the sealed doors and met in despite of the authorities, a considerable force of gendarmes and troops of the line marched against them from Dra guignan, and took nine prisoners, among whom was the apothecary of the place. An immense mob, of which the female portion displayed excessive fury, followed with their clamours and curses for two miles the departing escort. Incendiary fires broke out on the nights of the 21st and 22nd in the house of the mayor and of Lis predecessor in office. An inhabitant who had attempted to check the populace was tired at and wounded. M. Blondel, the new Finance minister, is at pre sent in Corsica, where he is charged with a special mission. Several prefects and sub-prefects have arrived in the capital to receive fresh instructions. Extensive changes are expected in the prefectures. The onih•ar announces that upon the proposition of the Grand Chancellor of the Legion of Honour, the President has signed a decree promoting to the rank of grand commander of that order, M. Leon Faucher, by reason of the extraordinary- services which he has rendered to the state as Minister of the Interior. M. Wolowski, the brother-in-law of M. Faucher, is promoted to be officer of the Legion of Honour. fhe President will not return from St. Cloud until the 30th. *the Ortlre save: "Our correspondent in London informs us that Prince Casteleicala has received from his government to conyt% itlimitt , to return to N aples." A company at Bordeaux has applied to the minister of public works for the concession of a railway from I Bordeaux to Bayonne, with the guarantee of 4 per cent. interest. This application is backed by the Chamber of Commerce, and has fixed the attention of the ministry. Odilon Barret has returned to Paris. The condemned of Lyons have appealed from the sentence of the Council of Revision to the Court of Cessation. A letter from Macon states that M. de Lamartine, who was to leave for I'aris on Thursday, has been attacked with acute rheumatism in his knee, and his medical attendant fears that he wi.l not be able to leave bed for several days. The action brought by M. Cartier on the Lingots ' d'Or comes before the court to-morrow. It appears, from a report to the prefect of police by M. Clement Reyre, the special commissary of the lottery of golden ingots, that the amount received for tickets, or the payment for which is secured, is 5,435,099 fr. • of the remaining 1,344,901 tickets to complete the seven millions, there are 970,619 in the hands of the commissioner, there are 81,037 on their return from Italy, 66,186 respecting which there is &legal dispute, and 427,259 disseminated in I the departments, for w hichi the returns have not yet been received. I To-day the Fives closed at 90.15, with a fall of 30c. The Threes fell 3c., and closed at 33.63. numerous, perhaps, of any middle - class party--still exists ; hut without a leader it is nothing, and since l'Er.t.'s death it tow had none. 1$ =Sy look with as eye of hope to the future of his sou, but it has not yet raised him upon the buckler. At present Mr. P;.liL stands alone: 1w his neeeptanc• of the Under-Socru ! taryship of the he has added one to the min isterial ranks—that is all. Prone attention has lately . been directed, by means of leading articles in certain newspapers, and cor respondence excited by the same, to the fact of the sad condition of parents who have just now at the commencement of the university year become seri ous placers in the desperate game in which the souls ' and bodies of their children arc staked against some imaginary prizes in the shape of " university ho ' flours" and "aristocratic connexions." We have already said something on the matter, but there re mains still more to be said, and as the question of university education will most certainly come before parliament in the ensuing session, we should wish our readers to be put in possession of as many helps towards forming correct opinions on a Yery . impor- Cant subject as we are able to furnish them with. Now, in the first place, we would ask a question, which, it answered in a proper spirit, will smooth away much of the difficulty with which the problem is encumbered. Do parents in general send their children to the great universities for the sake of the education to be obtained there? This question we most distinctly answer in the negative. At Uni versity College, at King's College, at numberless institutions throughout the country, from a countless number of private tutors, education of a fur higher grade than that given at the universities can be ob tained at a far cheaper rate. If any pen on denies this, we pledge ourselves to overwhelm him with proofs of our assertion. This being the ease, it remains to be considered, what is the inducement which is strong enough to decide parents to incur an ap parently unnecessary expense, and a fearful risk. ciseiy that, we answer, which has been at work in every society since time began, in which the influence of wealth enables its possessors to put for ward pretensions to occupy the same ground which had heretofore been the exclusive property of the aristocracy of birth. It is an old story, but we will' go no further hack than the time of IlintAex for an illustration. He was a rorremu, doubtless, hut his father determined that by hook or by crook he should get into good society. Hoesce does not hesitate to tell you that his father was nobody. :son prtre preetiro, sed vita et vector, puro. Nevertheless he says that this father did every thing for him. Causa Nit pater hi., qui, macro pauper agello Nuluit in Mari ludum Ole nuttere. The school of Flavius had the same terrors for the emancipated flunkey (me tolerant, pare natum), iiORACE . 4 father, as the London University has for the iu,piriag ~ p irier of the present day. It was an educational institution, where you had ?mating but education for your money, and—tw "connexions." Not an inkling could Ix, got there of what were the pursuits of the equestrian or senator an orders. The DE Mortr: tsst and the NEWMANS of the time had something better to do than initiate the alumni into the small talk of the fashionable circles. The persevering father was not, however, to he disappointed In his diligent search after the entrance into the great equestrian and senatorial elysium—he gave up the vulgar idea of innoculating his son with " useful knowledge," but not before he had made up his mind to place the boy in the most favourable situation fur acquiring those arts which might help him in his " perilous voyage to the empy rean of " good society. Red puerum swat e.t &wenn portarc doeendum Arty, quas 'miens dommt .vase algae senator St:lmA preauaten. in order to do this, hurt we tells us that his father did what numbers of English fathers are now doing —he furnished his son with the means to compete with his aristocratic friends. The equites and the snuttnres, the members (as we should sav) of "both houses" did no more fur their children than did the freed man fur his son. Vestem srrso.quc sequentes In man° ut populo at quit .idia.et, avita Ea re praeberi sumptu. mihi eredaret Blot. You would have thought, he says, with a chuckle, if you had seen me with my tribe of obedient ser vants around me, that they could only have been fed out of the proceeds of Seigle large ancestral estate. Who knows, says tuft-hunting SMlril of the present day, whether or not they will not think my boy's ancestors " canto in with the Conqueror," particularly if he calls himself Smythe Now, Swttit's or Smirilifs children, going up to the university, find exactly what they were seat to seek. They meet with a large number of men of high birth and good fortune. who come up to the university in compliance with the Amity traditions, which hand down to posterity that the aerptisition of a university degree is incumbent upon scions of the said families. The authorities of the university being brought in virtue of their position into contact with those families who occupy so distinguished a place in English society, are hut too willing to for ward the views of their friends in levelling the path which leads to university degrees. The demands upon the intellect and the industry of the candi dates fur university distinctions arc, therefore, re duced to a minimum. An examination for the degree of " Bachelor of Arts " equal in diffi culty to that of the University of London, or, in fact, of any capital in Europe, would frighten away five-sixths of the members of " good families" from Cambridge and Oxford, and leave to the tutors the ungrateful task of imparting useful knowledge to the sons of men who have worked for their living, and earned every farthing their sons arc spending. Is it wonderful if, in this state of things, SMITH determines to become Smvritt: ? The University authorities tell him that he need not trouble himself about any more intellectual labour than is necessary to place himself upon the lowed level attainable by the aristocratical mind. Ile looks to the heads of the University, and finds them with their heads steadily turned towards the upper regions of society. Ile finds that public opinion in the University town is based upon the pleasant fiction that each member of a college is, by virtue of his membership, on a level, social and financial, with the rest. Ile finds, therefore, that he has unlimited credit. Is he to he blamed very much if he suc cumbs to the pleasing delusions naturally produced by such a state of things? We think not. Ile be comes, like iiORICF., a toadeater and an Epicurean ; but he has neither the learning, nor the wisdom, nor the wit to save himself, ns the poet was saved, from the evil consequences of servility and sensuality. True, say the modern advocates of the uuiversity authorities—but for all this it is not the heads and tutors who are responsible, but the young men them selves. What say our readers ? BRAINTREE AND BOCEINO AORICtLTURAL As- SOCIATION.—On Thursday last the annual meeting of this society was held at Braintree. Whilst institutions of a kindred spirit base had to report a diminution either us re garded finances or competitors, this society can boast of a lung list of candidates for it, awards, an excellent attend *nee of its friends at the annual meeting, and a balance in hand to commence another year with. The ploughing match excited much interest, the prizes being contestcd for by 22 ploughs and the work, we were informed by an emi nent agriculturist, was exceedingly well executes', surpass ing that of any presiaus year. fhe collection of cottage garden productions was also generally admired, reflecting groat credit upon the industtial habits of th- humble coin 'pa titors. lhe show of agricultural roots, compri-ing some it ry line red and yellow inongold, attracted much atten tion. About half-past four o'clock between forty and fifty gentlemen sat dusts to dinner at the Horn Inn, the High sheriff, W. P. Honewirol. nresidint —Mr .• • • - C.arTION TO RAILWAY •. TRATELLER4 Yesterday • Mr. Baker held an inquest at the Loudon lative to the death of Win. nowel, aged 16, a memencer in the service of the East and West India Dock Compary, who met with an accident by getting out of a railway train while it was iu motion. It appeared that on Friday morning last deceased was a second ChM passenger by the Blackwell Railway train which left l'oplar t t 6 a.m. for Fritchurch• street; before reaching the terminus deceased opened the doer and got on the step, the train being in mition, when he lost his bold, and was dragged ten or twelve yards by the side of the platform. lie was instantly conveyed to the hospital in a cab, where he was min:thief by Mr:Johnson, house surgeon, who found bath legs dislocated from the eocketa and fractured. lie died the following day. Ver• I:ct, Accidental death." The coroner said he hoped the accident would operate es a caution to others. attatisoN.—Major-General D'Agui e..lnael of the s.lth Feat, will take the command of this garrison 00 the Ist prosinia during the three months' leave of absence of the lieutenaut.covernor, Major-General Lord F. Fazelnnate, 0.C.11.. at Madeira. SPAIN. The ,3/o.lrid Chmette of the 23rd contains another ecclesiastical document, in Spanish and Latin. It consists of a mart proprio of the rope, dated St. Peter's, at Rome, the 12th April, 1851, and given under the fisherman's seal, subjecting every house of religious congregation which may be established in Spain during the next ten years to the diocesan or dinaries, as delegates of the apostolic see. This motif propriu is officially communicated by the Minister of Grace and Justice to nil the bishops of the kingdom ; and the minister intimates that it has received the sanction of the royal council. The deputies were rapidly arriving in Madrid for the opening of the Cortes on the sth Nov. The committee on the bill for establishing a new tariff has ahnost terminated its labour, and the bill is to be one of the first pre sented to the Chambers. No royal speech is to be delivered on the opening of the Cortes. The acrottche meal of the Queen is expected in November. The steamer Isabel had arrived at Cadiz with several of the Cuban prisoners. ITALY. Accounts from Upper Italy represent the inunda tions of the Adige as having caused immense ravages. A wholrovince has been swept by the destructive torrent which has burst its dykes. The late crops of maize and grapes have been utterly destroyed. The tributary streams have also overflowed, so that on all sides communications arc intercepted. The' population have taken refuge upon eminences which emerm from the devouring waters. More than 2,000 people are encamped upon the fragments of the ruined dykes. We read in the Piedmoutese Casette of the 2lth, that all the country around Nizza, Dogliani, and Chemsco is so inunaated that the mails have been stopped. NAPLES. The following note, dated the 23rd ult., has been addressed by the Marquis Fortunato, Minister of Foreign Affairs at Naples, to the English Minister in that city : The undersigned hoe read the answer given by Lord Pat menden to the King's minister in London, and he has the honour to observe to the Minister of the Queen of England to the Court of the Two Sieilice, that the formal prohibi non imposed by international right upon every government ' against intervening in the acts of internal administration of other states, so long as those acts are not injurious to its ' own securty, being admitted as indubitable, it is to be pre- aumed that the only object of the noble lord in charging ' with injustice and want of prudence the conduct of the agents of the government of Naples, with regard to persons accused of po itical Crime', was doubtless to preserve the kingdom from fresh perturbations. In this case, it would ' have been necessary to inquire whether the faults of which Mr. Gladstone, in his letters to the Earl of Aber deco, accuses the agents of the Neapolitan government were false or were true. If those accusasions were true, what course could have been more proper than to inform the government of them, in order that it might cause thent to cease, as was its duty. The question being established on these terms, which is the only proper one, the noble viscount had only to apply to the English minister on this subject. Ills lung residence at Na des, his assiduity, in attending the trial of the stet of the Volta Italians, and others of the same kind, his perfect acquaintance with the country, and his well-known good faith and probity, with which the undersigned is fully inspired, give to him the conviction that his excelkitcy would have shown the gross errors, not to use a more severe expression, into which Mr. Gladstone hail been led by the implacable enemies of social order, and of which his pamphlets arc so full. In this way it would not have been necessary for persons to take the trouble of exposing these errors one by one, for it could hove been done by authentic and in ontestabl, documents. The noble viscount, who is one of the most distinguished and celebrated statesmen of Europe, could not be ignorant that the defamation put forth by Mr. Gladstone, instead of producing the effect which he mid he proposed, might have produced a very different effect, for insults, instead of calming the minds of men, irri tate them, and particularly when addressed to those on whom they have not the sliAtest authority, and who regard, above all, their honour and independence. The undersigned regrets being forced to allude to so painful a subject, hut lie will find consolation in thinking that the noble viscount, when once enlightened as to the truth, will adopt such a determination as in his wisdom and justice he will think proper to destroy the illusion in which it has been attempted to envelop him. With this object the un dersigned, in addition to the copies of the pamphlet already rent to the English minister, forwanls twenty eight more copies, and takes this occasion, although a dis agreeable one, to renew his sentiments of high consideration. ROYAL RELENTINGS AT NAPLES. The following from the Ridorginiento, a Turin journal, shows not only that the Neapolitan govern ment does not pause in its career of persecution against the political prisoners in its power, but wreaks a continued vengeance on men who volun tarily exile themselves. The Risoryintenlo says : .. . . - • The Neapolitan government studies daily to confirm by its acts the assertions of Mr. Gladstone. The following arts a few new facts, which we particularly recommend to the attention of thq pious and zealous defenders of this most magnanimous government. It has been affirmed that there was an improvement in Poerio's lot, and that his treatmentwas now less severe; the fact is that the reverse is she case. Carlo Poerio is indeed in bed in the hospital of the prison of Ischia, but he still wean chains such as Mr. Gladstone has described so exactly. After the dissolution of the Chamber, the illustrious phy sician, Salvatore Tornmasi, el deputy, woe deprived of the Professorship of Pathology, which he had obtained and held under the absolute regime. lie was subsequently arrested and put to prison ; hut as no pretext existed for accusing him. this poice set him at liberty. Ho has just been again arrested and incarcerated, without a shadow of a reason, the police, doubtless, hoping to be more fortunate this time. The crime of M.Tommasi is his love for en lightened liberty in Italy, the brilliancy of his talent, the honesty and devotion with which he filled the post of de puty, ooufcrred on him by his fellow•eitnens in the pro vince of Aquila. The property of the Advocate Pisanellt has been seques trated, and that gentleman has avoided imprisonment by flight to Paris. The Neapolitan government does nut par don him for remaining whilst ix exile what he was when in parliament, when he was an honest liberal, hostile to violence and proscription. Its revenge has been sequestra tion and implication in the monstrous trial of May Id. M. Pisanelli is one of the most distinguished lawyers and professors of jurisprudence in the kingdom. Ile was sent to parliament by his native province of Lecee, and he acted in his capacity as member with courage and modera tion. On the fatal night of the I.sth of May he did all in his power at the Hall of Mount Oliveto, where the deputies bad met in a preparatory arremb:y, to avoid the collision which delivered up Naples to reaction. The government knows this, and yet transforms Pisanelli iato an erector of barricades. Latterly l'isanelli went to London to see the Greet Exhibition, and, under pretence that he was present es a meeting in which he never set foot, the government sequestrated his property. Not a single man in the pro vines of Lecce has been found willing to administer the woperty; and, alter vain endeavours, the government has lease obliged to employ Pisanelli's own steward, who is en , Joined to pay the rents into the royal exchequer. DENMARK. The news from Copenhagen is that the King has approved of the ministerial programme, which is ac companied by a full report of the state of the empire iu all its relations. The Schleswig Diet is to be called together immediately. They are to consult respect ing those propositions of the Assembly of Notables which concern Schleswig. A plan for a new law of election, resting on no very broad basis, is also to be submitted to them. Their reports on these subjects will then be taken iuto consideration by the Imperial Diet. NORWAY. The closing of the Storthing of Norway has already been announced. In a speech delivered on the oc casion, in the King's name, by the Minister of the Interior, it was stated that the disturbances in Nor way had been caused by the communists, but that they had been easily put down, and the hope was expressed that they would not be renewed. Satis faction was also intimated at the voting of a bill authorising the raising of a loan of about 9.000,000 fr. for the execution of a railway from Christiana to the lakes Merril and Miosen. An English company has undertaken the works of the railway, the whole ex expense of which is estimated at 11,000,000 fr. The government has made an arrangement by which it will take half the shares without receiving any divi dend on them until b per cent. shall be secured to tho shareholders. GERMANY. BERLIN, Om 27. The Frankfort Diet, it is said, is lust now occu pied in fabricating a federal press law. The ill-effect of their press laws of 1831, which in a very consi derable degree tended to bring . about the events of 1848, should teach them to desist from this kind of legislation. But, indeed, how superfluous it is to make laws at all when it is evident that the great majority of the German . potentates, with Prussia at their head, are determined to rule without law. Laws under these circumstances are only snares and pitfalls for the disaffected. They are not intended to be applied at all to the upholders of despotism. These persons are as exempt from law as governments are above it. The Prensaisrhe Zeitling asserted a few days ago that negociations were actively carrying on to bring about the junction of Nlceilenburg, Bremen, and Hamburg to the Zollverein. The Hamburg Ntorh richt gives a positive contradiction to this assertion inasmuch as Hamburg is concerned in it. TURKEY. We have received the journals and correspondence from Constantinople up to the 13th inst. Ilaireddin l'acha, charged with despatches from the Viceroy of Egvpt, arrived on board the Turkish steamer Hadji Baba on the 11th, having left Alex andria on the 2nd. Mustapha-Izzet Pasha, member of the Council of State, is appointed minister of commerce, agricul ' ture, and public works, in replacement of Ismail Pasha. Mt:homed Pasha, minister of police, is appointed governor-general of the pro vince of Saida. Warm& Pasha, governor of Saida, is appointed governor of Crete, in the place of Mustapha Pasha, who is made member of the Council of State. Shereef-Pasha, member of tho Council of State, is appointed governor of Broussa. Sami Pasha, governor of Bosnia, is ap pointed governor of Trebizond. Vely Pasha, son of Mustapha Pasha, late governor of Crete, is appointed governor of Bosnia. Mehemecl Pasha, lately appointed scraskicr of the army of Arabia, has been promoted to the rank of mushir, equivalent to that of marshal in France. MALTA. We find the following in the Malla Mail of the 7th: The French steamer belonging to the new company, the Messageries Nationale', which arrived here on the I•nh inst., brought M. Itostand, senior, and family under the following circumstances, the truth of which we have been at tome pains to ascertain. M. Itostand is one of the most respectable merchants of Marseilles, a person advanced in life, near 70 years of age, a man of quiet habits. lle was the senior partner and of course most important member of the firm of Itostund and Co., which was the first to esta blish merchant steamers between Marseilles, this place, and the Levaut, and which has naturally acquired a large share in the administration of the new Steam Company of the Measageries. M. Roatand, sen., left Marseilles with hit lady and five children, intend ing to visit Naples and male a short stay with his family. On the arrival of the steamer at Naples, all passengers, with the siception of M. Itostand, were allowed to land. Ile alone was kept on board. lie remonstrated, but in vain. A MellailfiC was sent to the French ambassador, but un fortunately his excellency was out of town. M. Itostand succeeded in landing after some time, hut was soon accosted and questioned as to how he had dared to land. Ile in girded upon being taken to the nearest commissary of police, and at last was allowed, as II favour, to reach the office. lie had hardly entered when he was met with the question : " Are you not M. Itirstand ? I/o you nut live • • •?" M. Itustand answered, " I do ant live there, but the office of my firm is in the place you mention." Upon this the commissary fluid: " You must go on board ; you had no business to come on shore ; if you stay here any longer, I shall put you in prison ; in the meantinie I shall arrest all those who allowed you to get so far as this. It you want any satisfaction, you must ripely to, your minis ter." There was no help for it. Mr. Itustand hail to re turn to the steamer aa fast as he could, end with the steamer lie hail to come on here. From what we hear, it appears that the sins urged against M. Rontand consisted to the part taken by the Itolittnd steamers in carrying ammuni tion and guns from Marseilles and Malta to Sicily during the late Sicilian revolution. But does this justify the con duct of the Neapolitan government to M. Itostand, seuiur ? And will the French government suffer with impunity such an insult to one ot• the moist respectable mere-ants of the important and influential community of Marseilles ? LATEST FOREIGN EXCHANGES. PARIS BOURSE. Der. 28. I a. _roc Account. 11 " 87 * !;°1 10 • 10 11 moat Lowest I gaging. I, 35 4 pis Ceuta. I AI 70 , 35 39 33 73 3.5 40 3 par Cone. i 911 13 90 10 90 2.5 00 93 • per Ceuta. it do. Near Loan , ~ , .. ... ... 1 per Ow.. Exehange un London: at eight, 23 276 ; 90 drys, 13 10. &kiln, 3, 1910 Do. 3, Ills 2 — ... Roman Loa, 1151 . 74 .... Do. 16 Do. 26 Piedmont 3 o (Mnta. 79 IS I Bank rdlar. PAttln, OCT. 28.—% cram es(ri g ht bank), 4.1; d i tto . 11 left tauk), 21o; resin and (Blaine a:, • Profs and It sea. 56n; nouns and Havre, 205; Mareeilles and Aviation. 211 bll, Str ,••botirg and Bale. 145; Centre, 413 71; Boulogne and Amiens, 230 25; Oenans and Bordeaux, 341; Northern, 455; Patin and •Arasbourg, 350 Town and Nantes 253 73. MADRID, Ocr. 23.—Three per Cents., 361 ; after Bolsm, 36i. Four per Cents., 14 ; after Bolsa, Five per Cents., 16 ; after Bolsa, 16. Coupons, 8 ; after Bolsa, 8 cash. Passives, 5 15-16 ; after Bolsa, 6. Bank of St. Ferdinand, 99. Ex change on London, 50.73. (By Electric Telegraph.) ANTWERP, Ocr. 28.—Five per Cent. Metalliques, 75. Five per Cent. Ardoina, 13 9-16. Three per Cent. In la nd, 351. Russian Four-and-a-Half per Cents., —. Exchange on London, 23.30. BRUSSELS, Ocr. 28.-11elgian ive per Cents., 99. Ditto Four-and-a-Half per Cents., 90. Ditto, Two and-a-Half per Cents., 49i. Exchange on London, 25.30. HAM alma, Ocr. 28.—Three per Cents. Interior, 321 ; Four-and-a-Half per Cents., Russia, ; Ex change on London, 3 mouths, 13.6; ditto, at sight, VIENNA, Om 28.—Five per Cent. Nletalliques, 924 Exchange on London, 12.18; on Paris, 461. FRANKFORT, OCT. 28.—Five per Cent. Mctul liqucs, Three per Cent. Interior, 341. Ex change on London, 1194; on Vienna, BERLIN, Ocr. 28.—Voluntary Loan, 1031; Na tional Debt, 881. Four-and-a-Half per Cents., , Russia, —. Exchange on London, 6.221. ditto Hamburg, 150;; ditto St. Petersburg, 1054; ditto Vienna, 811. AMSTERDAM, OCT. 27.—Five per Cent. Naetai-1 liques, 711 ,• Five per Cent.Ardoins, 1:11, ; Three per Cents. Interior, :Li ; Russian Four-and-a-Half per Cents., Na. Two-and-a-Half per Cent. Integrals, :57 3-16. Exchange on London, 11.87!. GREAT INDISN PRNINsULA IttitwAY.—The di rectord' report, to he submitted to the halt yearly meeting of shareholders to be held this dal. (Wednesday), states that the works in progress alien finis - heil will constitute a rail way from Bombay to within one mile of Calliau (with a brooch to Mahim), about thirty.tive miles, thus completing the first object contemplated in the contract between the Honourable East India Company and this company. From the proposed station near to Callian the line can, with equal convenicrce, take the direction of soy of the three routes which have been suggested for the passage of the railway into the interior. The directors hope that by the next meeting of proprietors they will be in a position to arrive at a correct judgment upon this important question. THE CITY ADDRESS.—Tho Lord Mayor has, it is said, used the 30th inst. to present the address of the corporation to Louis Kossuth, at the Ine Court. WINDSOR, OCT. 28. The Queen held an investiture of the most honour able Order of the Bath, this afternoon, at the Castle. It was attended by the Sovereign of the Order, her Majesty the Queen ; the Great Master of the Order, Field Marshal Prince Albert; Knights Grand Crosses—Field Marshal the Marquis of Anglesey, Viscount Palmerston, Lieut. General Sir James Law Lushington, Sir Richard Jenkins, Lieut.. General Sir Willoughby Cotton, General the Right lion. Sir Frederick Adam, Major-General Sir George Pollock, and the Right Honourable Sir Henry Lytton Hiltons. ; officers of the order. Bath, King of Arms, Algernon G re ville, Esq. Gentleman Usher, Albert William Woods, Esq. (Lancaster Herald). The investiture took place soon after 1 o'clock. Her Majesty, who wore the mantle and kirtic, and also the collar of the Bath, was conducted through the north corridor to the throne-room, accompanied by Prince Albert, who wore the mantle and collar 01 the order. The Knights Grand Crosses robed in the Guard Chamber in their mantles and collars, and then reatembled in the Waterloo Chamber, where they were called over by Bath King of Arms. The knights, attended by the officers of the order, afterwards proceeded through the reception room into the throne room, where the investiture took (dace. Lieut.-Colonel William Reid (Royal Engineers), Lieut.- Governor of Malta, was introduced between Bath King of Arms and the Gentleman Usher of the Order, the former bearing the riband, badge, and star of a Knight Comman der of the Bath, on a crimson velvet cushion. Cul. Reid knelt near the Sovereign and received from her Majesty the honour of knighthood; after which he kissed hands, and was thee invested by the Queen with the ensigns of a Civil Knight Commander of the Bath. Sir William Reid again kissed hands and retired. Richard Mayne, Esq., Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police, was introduced in like manner between Bath King of Arms and the Gentleman Usher of the Order, and had the honour of knighthood conternd upon him by her Ma. jesty. Sir Rickard kissed hands, and was then invested by the Queen with the riband, idge, and star of a Civil Knight Commander of the Bath. Sir Richard Mayne, after again kissing hands, retired from the presence of the Sovereign. The lavestiture being concluded, the Knights Grand Crosses retired from the royal presence. The court was attended by the lady in waiting, the Viscountess Canning; the gold stick, the Marquis of Anglesey; the vice-chamberlain, Lord Edward Fitzalan Iloward ; the lord in waiting, Lord Elphinstone ; the lord in waiting to the l'rince, Lord George Lemma ; the groom in waiting, Mr. It. Ormsby Gore ; the groom in waiting to the Prince, Colonel Wyldc; the silver stick, Colonel Parker; the equerry in waiting, Colonel Buckley; the groom of the robes, Lient.-Colonel Francis [huh Seymour; field officer in brigade waiting, Colonel Colville; and the pages of honour in waiting, the lion. W. Forbes and Mr. George G. Cameron. After the ceremony, the knights and officers of the Bath were ushered to the d ning-room, where luncheon was served. Sir William Reid remains on a visit to her Majesty, and the rest of the knights and officers of the order took their departure from the Castle in the afternoon. A guard of honour of the Grenadier Guards, with the hand of the regiment, was on duty in the grand quadrangle of the Castle during the Queen's court. Her Majesty awl Prince Alb rt walked in the Home Park, yesterday afternoon, alter their return from Clare mont. _ . . . . • . The Queen and Prince walked in the Dome Park and in the Slopes, this morning. Lord Elphingone has relieved the Earl of Morley as lord in waiting, and Mr. It. Ormsby Gore has relieved Major-Ciencral Sir E. Bowater as groom in waiting. The Duke of Wellington and the Earl and Countess of Shaftesbury are expected at the Castle, this evening, on a visit to her Majesty. The Cambridge University Commlrsioners had a meeting yesterday at the official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury, Downing-street. Present The Bishop of Chester, Professox Sedgwick, Sir John Herschel, and the Rev. W. li. Batesen (secretary). Mr. Shepherd, chairman of the East India Company, had an interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yester day at his official residence in Downing•etreet. Colonel Nugent had an interview with Lord John Rus sell yesterday at his official residence in Drwiiing-street. Mr. Eilwardes had also an interview with the noble lord. Th; Sulicitor-General had an interview with the Chan cellor of the Exchequer yesterday. (Prom last night'. Worn son CASTLE, Orr. 23.—This day had au dience of her Majesty the Count do Lavrailio, Envy Ex traordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary (ruin the Queen of Portugal and the Alirarves, to deliver his credentials, to which he was introducivl by Viscount Palmerston, 0.C.8., her Majesty's Seeretory of State for Foreign Affairs. WINDSOR CASTLE, Orr. 2:3.—The Queen was this day pleased to confer the honour of Knighthood upon Richard Torin Kindersley, Esq. a Vice-Chancellor. WINDSOR CASTLE, Oct 24.—The Queen was this day pleased to confer the honour of Knighthood upon James Parker, Esq., a Vice-Chancellor, Wtxwant CASTLE., Oct. 23.—The Queen was this day pleased to confer the honour of Knighthood upon Joseph Paxton, Esq., Fellow of the Linnwan Society, Hor ticultural Sucictr, and the Society of Arts. WINDSOR LASTLY., OCT. :23.—The Queen was this day pleased to confer the humour of Knighthood upon Charles Fox, Esy., of New-street, Spring-gardens, in the county of Middlesex. „ Wisosoit C.tsrt,E, OCT. 2:f.—The Quern was this thy pleased to confir the honour of Knighthood upon William Cuhitt, Rog.. Fellow of the Royal Society. DOWNING-STD.EET, Our. 21-I'he Quten bus been graciously pleased to give orders for the — uppoititinent of William Reid, Esq., Lieut.• Col. in the Corps of 'loyal En gineers, Companion of the Moot Honourable Order of the Bath, formerly Governor and Cominander-in-Chief in and over the Berinuda Islands, and in and over the Windward sometime Chairman id the Executive Committee of thu Exhibition of Industry of all Nations, and of Richard Mayne, Ewi., Companion of the said Most Honourablo Order, our of the Commissioners of Police of the Metropo lis, to be Ordinary Members of the Civil Division of the S: toad Class or Knights Commanders of the said Most Honourable Order; also to give orders for the appointment of Sir Stafford Henry Northcote, Bort., sometime one of the Secretaries to the Commissioners of the Exhibition of Industry of all Nations, of William Ilay, tem., one of tho Commissioners of Police of the Metropolis, of I Ir. Lyon:Play fair, somctinte one of the Special Commissioners of the Ex hibition of Industry of all Nations for communicating with Lm al Committees, and one of the Members of one of the Committees of Sections of such Exhibition, and of Henry Cole, Esq., sometime one of the Members of the Executive Committee of the Exhibition of Industry of all Nations, to be Ordinary Members of the Civil Division of the Third Cluss or Companions of the said Must Honourable Order of the Bath. 5565 90 14 WHITEHALL, Oct 28.—The Queen has been pleam.d to grant unto James Adey Ogle, M. 1)., the office and place of Profesmr of Physic, in the University of Ox ford, in the room of Dr. John Kidd, deceased. TILE BISHOP or RoCUE.ITEIt'S VISITATION.-011 Monday the Right Rev. Lord Bishop of Rochester held his triennial visitation at Chelmsford church, when he deli vered a charge, which in consequence of the circumstances of the times, and the questions that have troubled and vexed the church since his lordship gave official expression to his opinions, was listened to with deep interest. There was a large attendance of the clergy, &e. Divine service was performAl by the Rev. C. A. St. John Mildinay, but there was no sermon on the occasion. 'fire right rev. pre late then took his seat in front of the altar, and proceeded to deliver his charge, commencing by observing that many had been the perplexities and difficulties in which the church in these kingdoms had been involved since they last assembled together on an occasion like the present, and he could nut but feel it was an unwelcome task to address them upon subjects on which there was so much diversity of opinion even amongst themselves; but it was his duty to lay his sentiments before them un those points, and if they should not be entirely in accordance with those of some of them, he hoped they might be re ceived in that spirit of forbearance and charity which he extended to others, on questions that had nut been so clearly settled and defined as to demand the universal assent of thu clergy. His lordship thea proceeded to notice the Gorham case, the question of convocation and diocesan synods, and other points. In conclusion, the right rev. prelate said it would be their duty to avail themselves of every opportu nity to counteract the efforts 01 the Roman catholic priests to seduce the people from the pure faith, and he would say let them give free circulation to the Bible, as the best safe guard from error. The younger clergy would find abundant arms furnished to their hands in the works of our divines of the 17th century, and in particular lie would recommend them to obtain Bishop Gibson's " Preservative against Po pery," which had been a scam: work, but was now about to be republished. They need not feel any delicacy or he sitation in denouncing the errors of the church of Rome, from the fear of lying under tho accusation of stirring up strife ; fur though that view of the matter might he convenient to the political objects of some parties, the clergy bad nothing to du with that, and were hound to preach the truth at all hazards. The educa tion of youth was of the greatest importance ; and in reference to this object the expisiieney of establishing some plan for the inspection of their diocesan schools had lately had his atteutiun, and would had, he believed, to a marked improvement. He hoped, by the aid of the archdeacons and the rural deans, the plan would be carried into effect in the ensuing year, and would meet with the general ap probation of the clergy, for no parochial school would thus be visited without their consent. It hail been recommended by the primate that the celehratiun of the jubilee of the Society tar the Propagation of the Gospel should be held this you, and he (the Bishop of Rochester) had fixed the service for that purpose at Rochester Cathedral for the first Thursday in Advent. lle had also recommended that the services should take place the same day at St. Albans Abbey, at Hertford, and at Bishops Stortfurd. lie would also suggest that there should be service at the same time in Chelmsford Church, at which he hoped the clergy would attend, and that in the mean time those who had not already done a, would preach sermons in their own churches in aid of the funds of the society. lie prayed, in conclusion, that their Heavenly lather might heal the distractions in his thurch, and unite them altogether in the bond of brotherly love. His lordship then left the altar, and the apparitor having receive d the presentations of the churchwardens, the proceedings closed.—Ersca; Herald.