The Express. — London, England, 1853-10-17 00:00:00

° Ate than three quarters of • million, and rair m4p „ fuldo, the vice of all tbe corn gro-, 4 1 j u th e roubtiy. Now if the CHANCELLOR car spare any of tie money rx:.cicti from the ropia, or cap so easily I suppl) his wants by an an of Exchequer Bills, he ° ° would du well to take Mt himself the responsibility of subpending at once the one shilling duty on corn, i and become the most popular of Chancellors. When Sir It. consented to that shilling duty, it was his opinion that the average price of corn would range about als., or below that. Ile always objected to a fixed duty, however small, that it never could be levied when prices Kee to the famine level. To that level they seem now tending, and it might be wise to suspend voluntarily that which it may not be possible much longer to exact. When he consented, he had formed no conception of England becoming the corn factor of Europe. He never dreamt of France, Holland, and Belgium coming to our markets for • supply of food—of our merchants forming and foster. ing a corn trade with all parts of the world, which brings hither merchants from other countries to buy cargoes on their way, which they divert from our shores because the Is. duty and consequent charges make it disadvantageous to land the corn here, and he therefore imposed a law on us to our greet injury, of the consequences of which he knew nothing. Such a law ought as speedily as possible to be re pealed. TO COOKEsPONOENTS. m Pee Ti.. Ea;:re..." wornuisfaa the sail.• Amine. •• s.an Ur: 1.4 pub: abed every lwrlaT aN Vtutay ar At . Out po.t. intruded for Mynas" tabas• r,,,suy paper. nen r Os Ibis. 10. Nougerie-Mreet, by Two 'Aqua a . the ay 0f Pillglgai,"•• DlOlt WATER AT LONDON URIDGE. Tw LMT—M lb. 9. ..... A1ter4.341, .b. 27m. Tu-16.6ab.0w -Xusimeg, at. lIr A A f t , r .,„" baa. LONDON, MONDAY, OCTOBER 17. Tut: flourishing state of the Revenue, in comic- !pence of our great pr Jsperity, may possibly lighten for the City:44.l3mi of the EXCHEQUER his impend ing financial tliffien . .ties. It may have been noticed, however, that '.ate Might Gentleman spoke, at Manchester, about the Revenue with reserve, as if it w ere not exactly as it appears. The Economia of Saturday explicitly says '• it would be indulgit ,g in too sanguine a hope to expect that the same remarkable receipts will be continued,"—an imp owlet testimony to the fact that the present great receipts are remarkable, therefore unexpected f's sort of God-send for the CHANCELLOR, and stkat inch remarkable productiveness is not to be expected in the next few months. We may, however, beg the CHANCELLOR ROL to despair ;—to look at the increasing extent of our trade with America, the great returns expected from Australia, to eschew evil advisers and then the success of the industrious people will redeem or cover his faults. To replace the loss, indeed, occasioned by a bad harvest is im possible. 'the failure of the crops is a deduction from the national wealth, the evils of which the im port of breadstuff. can only mitigate, and which must be met by diminished enjoyment somewhere. For there will be diminished income. That failure, combined with trade lashed into extravagance, or chilled into la►situde, by the preachings of the Times, may cause a very considerable reduction In the next half-year's revenue. Still there is no reason for alarm, if the Right Hon. Gentleman will refrain from specu lating with the revenue, and allow fair play to the speculations of the merchants. Another important consideration begins to make itself felt. Oppressed by too large a revenue,—the produce of customs laws,—the United States are about to revise their tariff, which, it it open their country more freely to English iron and Canadian corn, will facilitate the competition of the manufacturing Americans with us is all the markets of the world. They are paying great attention to the cultivation of wool, and already produce enough to supply their own wants. Already, too,—as every person may learn from the reports of the New York Exhibition, —they can successfully compete with us in flannels and blankets. They are not far behind us in cloths, and in their markets English cloths are making way for French and German. Their great and growing community may, and we believe will, supply a market for their own manu facturing products and the similar products of these other nations. There is no reason, therefore, for jealousy or apprehension, but an enlightened states man will see in these circumstances irresistible ar- We must warn him, however, against the counsels of those who havu already led hint astray. The Times of Tuesday propounded for him the ingenious plan of exchanging in January next the " requisite amount of South Sea and other annuities for Exchequer Bills." Endorsing a recommendation of his own City writer, the Editor boasted for the CUANCELLOK that he would then be able to pay off " public obligations bearing 3 per ecnt.:in perpetuity, partly by cash in hand and partly by securities carrying interest at the rate of ____ . . • guments for removing every possible burden from our own manufactures. The States may at the next census have a population equal to that of our country, and whether we shall continue to deal advantageously with that growing population or lose their market will depend very much on our own fiscal regulations. The little corn law that yet afflicts us, prohibits corn from being landed and stored unless the shilling duty be paid, and prevents the transit trade which every one has seen within the last three months struggling into life, from becom ing a fruitful source of supply of food and of wealth. This is one of the most reprehensible of our fiscal regulations. If the CHANCELLOR can spare a few' hundred thousand pounds, instead of devoting them to join together his broken financial projects, let him at once give up the duty on corn, and borrow, if needful,to repay the dissentients,—or repeal his own 31. Os. lOd. per annum, which will admit of being reduced whenever the Money Market may be favour able for such an operation." The CHANCELLOR, if he be wise, ought to be already tired of speculating with his " cash in hand"— it being renerally considered ono of the safeguards of the City that Chancellors shall only speculate according to Act of Parlia ment, so that their operations may be pretty well known and discounted beforehand, for the City does not approve of the CHANCELLOR pouring at one time three or four millions into the Money Market and then withdrawing it. If he has not yet reached this point of prudence—let us warn him by the ex perience of the last six months that he had better, like his predecessors, leave his balances in the Bank, and not enter the market as a speculator even fi to keep up the national credit." Whatever may be the redundancy of the revenue, which he only calculated at about 490,000'. in April next,—and already the 100,000/. he took credit for on account of the conver sion of debt and another 100,0001. on account of the increased interest on Exchequer Bills have disap. peared,—it can, as he has already appropriated a large part of his balances, go but a very small way to wards liquidating the settling his account with the South Sea Annuitants. If he be disposed to raise the necessary sum as recommended by the Times by the issue of Exchequer Bills, let us remind him that it was the recommen dation of his scheme in June, " that it was desirable to reduce the entire amount of Exchequer Bills in circulation," "to reduce the amount of the unfunded debt as much as possible, as a means of strengthen ing the credit of the Government in the event of an emergency arising." An emergency now threatens as, and, in the teeth of these words, the Times advisee him, in • season of " unusual prosperity," again to increahe the unfunded debt, in order plan, sod allow the debt to revert to its old position. He will advance neither his own reputation nor the honour of the country by again speculating with tho public balances, as advised by the Times. WAR BETWEEN RUSSIA AND TURKEY. _ 4 . _ Subjoined is the manifesto of the Ottoman Govern ment, intimating the course it intends to pursue towards Russia, and assigning the reasons for adopting it. It is reported that the term within which hostilities must commence, unless the princi palities are previously evacuated by Russia, has been intimated by the Turkish to the Russian Commander in-Chief in a brief and soldier-like letter—as cour teous and as stern as the bow of a duellist to his antagonist on taking up his ground. MANIFESTO OF THE SUBLIME PORTE. In the present state of circumstances, it would be superfluous to take op from its very commencement the explanation of the difference which has arisen between the Sublime Porte and Russia, to euter anew into the detail of the diverse phases which this difference has gone through, or to reproduce the opinions and judgments of the government of his Majesty the Sultan, which have been made public by the official documents promulgated from time to time. to get rid of a certain amount of funded debt. Already be has undone in October what be did in June, and, to obtain the character of the most oscillating of financiers, he has only to follow the advice of the Times, and add six or eight millions to the Exchequer Bills in circulation, which it was his pride to have reduced. He may be ready to grasp at temporary expedients, he may be fickle and wavering, but he can never be so lost to all sense of consistency as to boast in June of reducing the floating debt. and to boast in January of surmounting a financial difficulty by increasing it. We suppose political events to be no worse than at pretent; but if they be worse, and his revenue be worse, and the in terest of money be higher, the project of the Times would be as impossible to the CHANCELLOR OS its conception is dishonourable. As to the floating debt admitting of reduction s' whenever the Money Market is favourable for such an operation," that is so at all times ; and never before was it thought advantageous to pay off per manent debt by issuing floating obligations at a higher rate of interest, because they " might be re duced whenever the Money Market wu favourable for such an operation." Such an invitation to a CHANCELLOR to become a speculator with the public credit was never before issued, and the CHANCELLOR who accepts it and issues Exchequer Bills to take advantage of the market will soon find his name ma opprobrious byeword everywhere east of Printing. house-square. He must not issue Exchequer Bills at a rate of interest fixed by himself. He must raise the loan he will require by open and public contract. In spite of the desire not to restate the urgent reasons which determined the modifications intro duced by the Sublime Porte into the draft of the note prepared at Vienna (motives exposed previously in • note explanatory of the modifications), yet new soli. citations having been made for the adoption, pure and simple, of the said note, in consequence of the non-adhesion of Russia to these same modifications, the Ottoman government, finding itself at present compelled and forced to undertake war, thinks it a duty to give an exposition of the imperious reasons for that important determination, as well u for those which have obliged it not to regulate this time its conduct according to the counsels of the Great Powers its allies, although it has never ceased to ap preciate the benevolent nature of their suggestions. The principal points to which the government of his Majesty the Sultan desires to give prominence are these :—That from the very beginning his con duct has furnished no motive of quarrel, and that, animated with the desire of preserving peace, he has acted with a remarkable spirit of moderation and conciliation, from the commencement of the differ ence unto the present time. It is easy to prove these facts to all who do not wander from the path of justice and equity. Even supposing that Russia had a subject of com plaint in relation to the Holy Places, she ought to have circumscribed her actions and solicitations within the limits of this question alone, and ought not to have raised pretensions which the ob ject of her complaints could not sustain. She ought not, moreover, to have taken measures of inti midation, such as sending her troops to the frontiers, and making naval preparations at Sebastopol, on the subject of a question which might have been settled amicably between the two powers. But it is evident that what has taken place is totally contrary to an intention of amicable settlement. If in January he hare any " cash in hand," which we fear will not be the case, we can show him a much better way to employ it, and though he might want an act of indemnity for following our suggea. ' tion, the public will give him one with acclamation. The weekly average price of wheat for October 8 was 645., and that embraces a great quantity of very inferior wheat. Prime white wheat fetches rw►. and more in the market. The food of the multitude is becoming dear and scarce, and the State still levies a duty on it. In the first nine months of the present year there have been upwards of 5,600,000 qrs. of grain and flour as grain imported, and a part of the flourishing • revenue is thus made up of 280,0001. levied on the bread of the people. But this is only for a part of the year, and in the remaining three months the importation will probably be in excess of the average through the other part of the year. Assuming, however, that the importations will be at the *erne rate only, by the end of tho year, ,250,000 qrs. will be imported, and the tax levied ou cora will amount to the sum of 360,0001. A much larger sum, at least dou ble, will bo taken from the bread eaters, to pay the increamd cost occasioned by the duty. When the people are threatened with hunger, the State eohamme the price of all the cora imported The reasons which have determined the Ottoman government to make its modifications having been appreciated by the representatives of the Four Powers, it is proved that the Sublime Porte was right in not purely and simply adopting the Vienna note. It is not with the view of criticising a project which obtained the assent of the great powers that we enter upon a discussion of the inconveniences which the Vienna note presents. Their efforts have always tended to the preservation of peace, while defending the rights and independence of the Imperial government. The endeavours made to attain these ob jects having been as laudable as can be conceived, the Sublime Porte cannot sufficiently acknowledge them. But, as evidently each government must poesess, in consequence of its peculiar knowledge and its local experience, more facilities than any other govern ment for judging of the points which concern its own rights, the exami nat ion which the Ottoman govern ment makes is prompted entirely by its desire to jus tify the obligatory situation in which, to its great regret, it finds itself placed, desiring, as it has done, to continue following the benevolent councils offered to it by its allies ever since the commencement of the differences, and which until now it has followed. If it is alleged that the haste with which the Vienna note was drawn up results from the back wardness of the Sublime Porte to propose an arrange ment, the government of his Majesty the Sultan must justify itself by stating the following facts : Before the entrance of the Russian troops into the two Principalities, some of the representatives of the Powers, actuated by the sincere intention of prevent ing the occupation of those provinces, urged upon the Sublime Porte the necessity of framing a draft note occupying a middle place between the draft note of the Sublime Porte and that of Prince Menchikoff. More lately the representatives of the Powers confidently communicated different schemes of arrangement to the Sublime Porte. None of these latter responded to the views of the Imperial government ; and the Ottoman Cabinet was on the point of entering into negotiations with the representatives of the Powers on the basis of a project drawn up by itself in conformity with these suggestions. It was at this moment that news of the passage of the Pruth by the Russians arrived, a fact which changed the face of the whole question. The draught note proposed by the Sublime Porte was then set aside, and the cabinets were requested to express their views of this violation of treaties atter the protest of the Sublime Porte. On the one hand, the Ottoman cabinet had to wait for their replies, and on the other it drew up, at the sugges tion of the representatives of the Powers, a project of arrangements, which was sent to Vienna. As the sole answer to all these active steps, the draft of our note prepared (elubore) at Vienna made its appearance. However that may be (Quoiqu'il en wit) the Ot toman government fearing rightly (d juste titre) every thing which might imply a right of interference in favour of Russia in religious matters, could do no more than give assurances calculated to dissipate the doubts which had became the subject of discussion ; and it will not, after so many preparations and sacrifices, accept propositions which could not be received at the time of the stay of Prince Menchikoff at Constantinople. Since the cabinet of St. Petersburg has not been content with the assurances and pledges that have been offered, since the be nevolen t effor t sof the high powers have remained fruitless, since, in fine, the Sublime Porte cannot tolerate or suffer any longer the actual state of things, or the prolongation of the occupation of the Moldo-Wallachian Principalities, they being in tegral portions of its empire—the Ottoman cabinet, with the firm and praiseworthy intention of defend ing the sacred rights of sovereignty and the inde pendence of its government, will employ just repri sals against a violation of the treaties which it con siders asa cases b lli. It notifies,t hen,officially that the government of his Majesty the Sultan finds itself obliged to declare war, that it has given most pre cise instructions (lea instructions lei plus catjgo riques) to his Excellency Omer Pacha to demand from Priam Gortschakoff the evacuation of the Principalities, and to commence hostilities if after a delay of fifteen days from the arrival of his despatch at the Russian head quarters an answer in the negative should be returned. It is distinctly understood that should the reply of Prince Gortschakoff be negative, the Russian agents are to quit the Ottoman States, and that the commercial relations of the respective subjects of the two governments shall be broken off. At the same time the Sublime Porte will not con sider it just to lay an embargo upon Russian mer chant weasels, as has been the vraetice. Cense , quently they will be warned to resort caber to the Black Sea or to the Mediterranean Sea, as they shall think fit, within a term that shall hereafter be fixed. , Moreover the Ottoman government being unwilling to place hindrances iii the way of commercial inter- , course between the subjects of friendly powers, will during the wrr leave the straits open to their mer cantile marine. The question of the Holy Places had been settled to the satisfaction of all parties; and the government of his Majesty the Sultan had testified favourable disposit mason the subject of the guarantees demanded. In short Russia had no longer any ground for raising any protest. Is it not seeking a pretext for quarrel then, to insist as Russia has done upon the question of the privileges of the Greek church granted by the Ottoman government, privileges which the govern mem believes its honour, its dignity, and its sovereign , power arc concerned in maintaining, and on the subject of which it can neither admit the interlercace nor the surveillance of any government? Is it not Russia which has occupied with considerable forces ! the principalitiesof Moldavia and %Vallachia,declaring at the same time that these provinces should serve as a guarantee, until she had obtained what she desired? Has not this act been considered justly by the Sublime Porte as a violation of treaties, and consequently as a eirol3 he'll f Have the other powers the mselves been able to come to any other decision ? Who, then, will doubt that }lnsets has been the aggressor? Could the Sublime Porte, which has always observed all her treaties with a fidelity known to all, by infringing them in any way do more than determine Russia to a proceeding so violent as that of herself infring- Mg till there treaties? Again, has there arisen, con- I Crary to the promise explicitly given in the treaty of _ . KainartV, such facts in the Ottoman empire as the demolition of Christian churches,or obstucles opposed 1.19 : SP titer DI:VEIL—It is s h own b y a recent l y , to the exercise of the Christian religion? printed parliamentary paper th it in th e y ear en d e d t h e 6 t h January last the duty on spirits w as as f o ll ows: —O n Ottoman The Cabinet, without desiring to-enter into foreign. 1,177,9981. ; and on British, 6,246,7361. Oi rum , too long details on theme points, doubts not that the 1,103,6841. RUSSIA AND TURKEY. high powers, its allies, will judge with perfect truth and justice on the statement just exhibited. As to the non-adoption of the Vienna note in its Lett. pure and simple form by the Sublime Porte, it is to v ..es from the Polish frontier announce that the be remarked that this project, although not in every t ' ln. otter of Russia has ordered the 6th army corps point conformed to the note of Prince Menchikoff. ' hold itself in readiness to march. and while containing, A is true, in its oompocit . '„ ln * I The Cologne Gazette, under date of Berlin, 12th, some of the paragraphs of the draught n•Ae of the says: "Diplomatists are now engaged in drawing Sublime Porte, is not as a whole, wtsetter in letter or spirit, essentially different from tb A t o f Prince out projects of arrangement of the Eastern question, which are to serve as the bases of a new Conference Meachikoff. at Vienna." a de urf has to Vienna f The assurances recently given t i y th e re nta- Beßrlin.ro n On M evend re his turn he return con ference I along I tives of the Great Power; respecting the apprehended danger from hurtful interpretations of the draught with Lord Westmoreland • note in question, ar e a new p roo f o f th e ki n d i nters - . The Malta Mail, of the ith, states that the sani firma of their respective governments towards the tory condition of Admiral Doodads fleet had greatly Sublime I' ,rte. 'they have consequently produced a in r letter from Constantinople, of the Ist inst., con lively sr.tisfaction on the part of the government of . tains the following details not yet published : his Stajesty the Sultan. It must be remarked, how ever, that while we have still before our eyes a strife , the S‘ heed - q uarters a re com a :alp:l z : a eorps h a'arint'f, o d f which of religious privily / gee raised by Russia, which seeks foreemen , of 20,007 men, and his Posinn re w e u e" exce a lli e .n in t. - to bane its claims % a paragraph so clear and so re- The Servian government h ad ' offered the Porte an auxiliary else in the treaty of Ktunardji ; which wishes to insert torte of 20,000 men, and the Schell of Persia hail officially in a diplomatic document the paragraph concerning the declared his neutrality. active smicitude of the Emperor of Russia for the I A letter from Warsaw, of the Bth, states that the maintenance in the states of the Sublime Porte of authorities were taking all the necessary measures religious immunities and privileges which were I for preventing pamphlets and proclamations of the granted (oetroy(4)to the Gieek rite hy the Ottoman Em- Revolutionary Committee from being smuggled into perors before Russia eo much as existed as an empire, i the country. They were specially anxious to pro to leave in a dark and doubtful state the absence of vent the entrance of a pamphlet addressed to the all relation between these privileges and the treaty , nobility, in which they are told, amongst other of Kutschuk Kainardji, to employ in favour of a things, that if they wish to serve their country they great community of subjects of the Sublime Porte must emancipate their serfs. professing the Greek religion expressions which might make allusion to treaties concluded with France and Austria relative to the French and Latin religions—this would be to incur the risk of placing in the hands of Russia vague and obscure paragraphs, some of which are contrary to the reality of facts, and would offer to Russia a solid pretext for her pretensions to a religious surveillance and protectorate —pretensions which that power would attempt to pro duce, affirming that they are not derogatory to the sovereignty and indepenaence of the Sublime Porte The very language of the emp/oye , e and agents of Russia, who have declared that the intention of the government was no other than to fulfil the office of an advocate with the Suhlime Porte whenever acts contrary to existing privileges might be done, is a patent proof of the justice of the opinion of the Ottoman government. If the government of his Majesty the Sultan has judged it necessary to require that assurances should be given, even if the modifications which it intro duced by it into the Vienna note were adopted, how in conscience could it be tranquil if the note were to be retained in its integrity and without modification? The Sublime Porte, in accepting that which it has &dared to all the world it could not admit without bedew compelled thereto, would compromise its dig- Sky in view of the other powers, would sacrifice its honour in the eyes of its own subjects, and would commit a mental and moral suicide. Although the refusal of Russia to accord the modifications required by the Sublime Porte has been based on a question of honour, it cannot be denied that the ground of that refusal was simply and solely its desire not to allow explicit terms to replace vague expressions, which might at some future time furnish it with a pretext for intermeddling. Such conduct, therefore compels the Sublime Porte to per sist on its part in withholding its adhesion. FRANCE. PARIS. SATURDAY EVENING. Thn following private telegraphic despatch was received this afternoon, at the office of Messrs. Englander and Co.: "MARSEILLES, OCT. hi. " The packet which left Constantinople on the sth, at midnight, found the squadrons on the 6th, at Besika, making their preparations fur entering the Dardanelles. " Orders had been sent to Omer Pacha to summon Prince Oortschakoff to evacuate the Principalities, giving him a delay of fifteen days only. " The Porte had addresse t a manifesto to the Powers. "M. de Creveccear, Prefect of the Boucher-du- Rhone, suddenly left yesterday for Constantinople. " Pressing orders have been given for immediately arming the frigates Vauban, Descartes, Asmodeus, Cacique, Montezuma, and Panama." Iskender Bey, one of Omer Pacha's aides-de-camp has arrived in France, charged, it is said, with a pri vate mission to Paris and London. A letter from Vienta of the 11th says that the Austrian government was still resolved to contract a loan. The ocean squadron, commanded by Admiral Chortler, paid by the Cork Constitution to have appeared off Cork on Monday last, has not quitted its anchorage at Cherbourg since its return from the Channel. The Presse has the following remarks upon the speeches of MM. Gladstone and Cobden : What M. Gladstone said about war amidst loud applause, is what we think ourselves. We cannot, then, but s ',prove that part of his speech. But we cannot say so much of the passage where at the same time that he stigmatises and re pudiates what he calls the " anomaly of the Turkish domi nation," he proclaims the necessity of maintaining that' anomaly in order not to disturb the balance of power its 1 1 Europe. Such language is not that of a real statesman. If it be true that twelve millions of Christians live borne down and oppressed by Turkish despotism, why do England and France oppose the demands of the Emperor Nicholas, in stead of joining with him in energetic support of them, ap as to obtain common guarantees which would deprive Russia of all pretext for direct interference and exclusive protection 1 Either Mr. Gladstone's speech is at variance with the truth, or the conduct of the British cabinet, of which he is a member, is stamped with the most serious and unpardonable inconsistency. These observations apply with equal force to M. Cob ben's speech at Edinburgh. M. Cobden speaks of Turkey precisely in the same manner as the Chancellor of the Ex checluer. He even goes further, since he said that the duty of England, instead of fighting Russia, was to join her in the interest of the Christians. All our respect for M. Cob ' den and the lively remembrance we have of his eminent services will not prevent us from blaming this language. Instead of inconsiderately attacking a people which sets an example of patriotism, constancy, toleration, and every punlic virtue, it would have been wiser, and at the same time more conformable to the principles of the Peace Society, to have called for an European congress. We are astonished that religious prejudices should so far darken such a luminous mind. The bourse opened brilliantly. The Threes began at 73.50, being a rise of 30c., and this price was maintained with little variation for the first hour. At 25 minutes peat 1 the price of Consols at 12 to-day was posted. The quotation, 921 to t, gave increased firmness to the market. But during the last half hour a regular panic set in, for which no cause was assigned. The Threes dropped to 72.75, and recovered only to 72.80 for the close, being a fall of 40e. from yesterday, and of 70c. from the highest price of the day. The railways, which had been very firm, fell proportionably in most, though not in all instances. It is probable that the contents of the telegraphic despatch from Marseilles must have transpired, although they were not publicly talked of. The revenue returns published in the Moniieur to day are extremely favourable. Cardinal Wiseman has arrived in Paris. Lord Cowley left Paris yeaterdiy for Compiegne, to join the imperial party. Lady Cowley has been prevented from proceeding there at present by a slight indisposition. The ministers go to Compiegne alternately three at a time, with the exception of the minister at war, who accompanied the Emperor, and will remain daring the whole visit. The Countess de Persigny has been safely de livered of a daughter. The Emperor and Empress have just acted by proxy as godfather and godmother to the infant son of the Count and Countess de Lapeyrouae, who was baptised three days ago at Besancon by Cardinal Mathieu by the name of Napoleon-Eugene Amblard Bonfigli de Bonilla de Rochon de Lapeyrouse. Their Majesties were represented by General Vicomte de Bois-Lecomte, commanding the ith military division, and by the Marquise de Montholon. The Count de Lapeyronse is Prefect of the Daubs, and the Countess, who is daughter of the late Gen. Montholon, was born at St. Helena, and had Napoleon L for god father. The first caravan of French pilgrims to Jerusalem arrived safely at their destination on the 12th ult. As soon as they perceived the city they alighted from their horses, prostrated themselves, and prayed fervently. They were all clothed in white, and as they entered the city by the gate of Jaffa, musket shots were fired in their honour. It is said that a French frigate is expected at Jaffa to protect the pilgrims. I The Echo des Pyrenees tptys:—" Such is the abun dance of corn at present in Spain, that it is in con templation to adopt measures calculated to facilitate the exportation of the surplus into France. A de cline in prices has taken place in all the Spanish markets. PARIS, SCNDAY ETENINO. The Sick says that France and England have sent notes to Itussia, demanding the evacuation of the Principalities as a preliminary measure before they will enter upon the mediation which they are willing subsequently to undertake. If this be true, and the fact would be quite consistent with the re cent statement of one of your contemporaries, sup posed to represent the opinions of at least a fraction of the English cabinet—that the dignity of France and England would not permit them, in the present state of tl•ings, to take the initiative of any farther proposition for an arrangement—thcchances of peace are small indeed. The Emperor of Russia may temporize, promise, suggest, threaten, cajole, argue, and even admit his own agents to have been in the wrong, but none but simpletons believe he will give up the territory he has wrongfully seized till he is .urned out by force. The Russian organ here, the Assembler, while con tinuing to assert that the Czar's intentions are most pacific, says "of course" the Sultan's summons to evacuate will be met with a refusal. It is reported upon good authority that Prince Gortschakoff has sufficient instructions to refuse at once without ac cepting the proffered delay to enable hint to refer to St. Petersburg. If, as there is every reason to sup pose, hostilities are at this moment commencing, the war will begin in the neighbourhood of Hattoun and Erzeroum. The Turks, imitatiug the Czar's example, will take as " material pledges" Armenia and (icor gia, and will thus encourage the great insurrection of the Caucasus. The Pays says, confirming the report that the war is to begin not on the Danube but is the Caucasus, that one of the principal functionaries of Constanti nople has been bent to Abdi Paella, who comma•A s the Ottoman army encamped at Erzerouin, to :. n f urm ".et him of the resolutions of the Porte to in that country and to give the necessary olders. Three ! frigates and several steamers of the Turki s h navy I have been sent to the Black Sea to second, if neces sary, the movements of the army of Roumelia, and a small squadron has also 'wen sent to Trebizonde in support of Abdi Pacha. The Union says quit the Porte proposes to send into the Caucasus, the English, Polish, and Hunga rian refugee* to attack the Russians. If there are any English refugees in Turkey, I should think they would form a very select corps indeed, but I suspect this part of the statement must be a misprint. The Constitution ad says :—" We are assured that orders have been sent to Toulon to prepare the' necessary ships for transporting a corps of troops, which Kill be sent to the Dardanelles." Letters from Bucharest to the 2rd inst. have been received. The warlike resolve of the Porte was known, and Prince Gortschakoff had called to him the superior officers of his army and announced that they must now be in readiness to advance southward at any moment. GERMANY. _O.- AUSTRIA. The &vadat; Mercury contains a letter from Vienna of the 12th, which announces that the pro mulgation of the decree prohibiting the Jews from purchasing landed property in Austria will be fol lowed by police regulations, one of which will be that they will be only allowed to reside temporarily in large cities unless they shall be regularly domi ciled there. Another letter of the same date, in the Cologne Gazette, says :—" The inhabitants of this city express themselves very warmly against the re cent ordinance relative to the Jews. It is regarded as forming a singular contrast with the decree of the Sultan, which grants equal protection and the same rights to all his subjects, without regard to their religion. And yet that is in a Nlahomedan coun try, whilst the decree against the Jews is in a Chris tian one." A letter from Vienna of the Bth, in the Opinione of Turin, states that public attention in the former capital is engrossed by the flight of Baron Sinu, the banker, and his subsequent arrest, which is said to have been effected on the 7th. It appears that the late Prince Ghika had deposited four millions of florins (10,000,000 f.) in his hands just before his death, which occurred during his journey home wards; and it seems either that no certificate of the deposit was delivered at all, or that it was lost or stolen during the journey. The heirs of the prince, who knew of the deposit, summoned Baron Sins ju dicially to give an account of it, when he declared upon his oath that he had no knowledge at all of the alleged transaction, which declaration put an end to the proceedings. But after the death of Count Stadion, his widow, who has a right to a portion of the prince's inheritance as his sister-in-law, disco vered some documents among her husband's papers, proving sufficiently the fact of the deposit, and con sequently tho perjury committed by Baron Sins. This was the cause of his attempt at flight, in which, as stated above, he did not succeed. PRUSSIA. BERLIN, o(7oßric I.S. The semi-official Zeit has an article alleging that Prussia, although neutral, does not remain passive; that on the contrary, her position is that of a " mediating neutrality." 'I he more Prussia main tains her disinterestedness in the Russian and Turkish strife the more will she exert herself, and the more likely is she to to heard. The Paris Patric says the Prussian government has prohibited the exportation of horses fit for the cavalry service. The Lithographic Currepontlence, of Berlin, denies that there is any truth in a rumous current in that capital of a part of the Prussian army being about to be called out. iatt erprego. THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 17, 1853. BAVARIA. The official journal of Stuttgardt contains a royal decree re-establishing the penalty of death in the kingdom of Wurtemberg. ITALY. - -•- ROME, Ocr. 10. The intelligence of war having been declared by the Porte reached us on the morning of the htb, and has produced great uneasiness in ecclesiastical circles, the government of his Holiness being equally alarmed at the prospect of success on either side, and fore seeing danger to the Holy See as well in the triumph of the schismatic Czar as in that of the Mussulman potentate. The part Ns hich Austria intends to play in the enstming war forms a point of most anxious consideration here : as, should the Olmatz visit have consolidated an alliance between the two Emperors against that of France, England, and Piedmont, it will become necessary for the Austrian forces now in the legations to paia the Po, and concentrate their straggling line of garrisons behind the Adige, so leaving the Pope to the sole keeping of the French and the affection of his own subjects, neither of which can be very satisfactorily relied on. The following notification appeared in the official journal of the 6th inst.: To do away with the uncertainty arising from the move able tables regulating the importation and exportation of corn, in the present state of things, the ILlineas of Our Lord, having heard the Council of Ministers, has ordered us to publish, as we do in his Sovereign name, the free import ation of wheat, maize, and Blur, large wheat (farro), bar ley, oats, pulse, excepting lupins, potatoes, chestnuts, and their flours, until the end of February, 1354, whatever may be the medium price of such artielte resulting from the corn tables, as well for the section of the Mediterranean as for that of the Adriatic, derogating for this purpose from every law or regulation to the contrary. The quarantine regulations at Civita Vecchia, to which the Papal authorities appear disposed to ad here rigidly, threaten serious inconvenience to com mercial operations. Subsequently to the Candidate, another British vessel, the Donor, of Newcastle, arrived at Civita Vecchia, with coals for the Anglo- Roman gas company, and has been also subjected to ten days' quarantine._ _ _ Monsignor Sagratti, Vice President of the Sacred Consulta Sanitary Congregation, has replied officially to the efforts made in behalf of the British schooner, Candidate, that the quarantine regulations, when once put forth, must be enforced upon all vessels coming from infected countries, even although they should arrive but one instant after the publication of the edict, it being impossible to determine exactly when the contagious germ may have invaded the country. Monsignor Sagretti also states that the sa nitary congregation has precise statistical informa tion of the cholera in London, from which it results that from the 10th of July, during a space of two months, 937 persons were attacked by the malady, thus invalidating the argument of the Candidate's having sailed from Liverpool before the occurrence of any cholera cases. The Papal authorities have acted in concordance with those of the King of Naples,who are ever in the van with their quarantine pre cautions. A shock of earthquake was experienced on the 24th ult. at Cittaducale, in the Neapolitan territory. The Giornale di Roma of the 4th announces that the electric telegraph, which already extends from Rome to Bologna ;and Modena, is to be continued to Terracina, there to meet the Neapolitan wires; so that Naples, Rome, Bologna, and Modena will form but one uninterrupted line. SPAIN. The Madrid Gazette of the 10th contains a bill, which is to be presented to the Cortes, but the prompt I execution of which is authorised by royal decree. It I prescribes that the royal navy shall consist for the I present of 90 vessels, composed as follows: Six men lof-war of from 80 to 90 guns, of from 400 to 600 horse powee; 12 frigates of from 30 to at) guns, and of from 300 to 400 horse power; 12 corvettes of from 20 to 30 guns, and 200 to 300 horse power; 14 brigs and schooners of from 6 to 20 guns, and of 200 horse power: 6 paddle-wheel steamers for war and the Ipm-office service of from 400 to 500 horse power ; 8 for war and the tranastlantic service of from 300 Ito 400 horse power; 12, coast guard vessels of from 100 to 200 horse power; 12 other vessels for naviga tion in shallow water of 100 horse power; and 8 sailing transports. 'fhe Go:ette contains a notification that the q ueo has ordered the construction of three mixed frig a t es of the second class, ut 31 guns and 3 60-horse ow " each, to be culled Berengurls, retronib i , and Bplanca; atal that the engines tor them shall he constructed abroad; abet, that a steamer of 33I1.horse power, t o ' la; called the Ifernau Cortes, and another of 120_ horse power, shall be built. The machinery fo r the Hernan tortes has, it is intimated, been in the arsenal of Cadiz since Isso. The Madrid fl u :, tte contains a royal decree enact ing that, with certain exceptions, persors cund, tuned for minor offences shall have counted, a- , part of their sentences, one•hulf of the periods of inipri..onnient which they may have passed iu gaol whi:st Quaffin g trial. The 10th was the "_:;rd anniversary of the Queen's birthday; but, on account of her Majesty's interest ing situation, she did not hold a reception as usual. PORTUGAL. By the Royal Mail steam ship Tay, Captain It. Itev;tt, we have dates from Ltabon to the 10th instant. The Iberia, with the Peninsular mails, was adver tised to leave shortly afterwards, rid Oporto and Vigo. The Iberia will be behind time, principally in consequence of the three days' quarantine observe. firm at Gibraltar, which was in her case calculated as completed at midnight on the 7th, she reached the rock at 5 p.m. on the s:h. For want ef due accom. modation the passengers performed quaranti ne on board, and the Iberia left Gibraltar again at mid. day on the Bth, when the Vesuvius steamer was the only British vessel of war in the bay. At Lisbon also quarantine was the older of the day. London and Southampton being declared suspected ports, the Iberia's passengers, with a clean bill of health, had three days lazaretto added to a tire days' voyage, but those by the Olinda, new Liverpool liner, fur Brazil, had eight days lazaretto in conse quence of the Portuguese Consul's but bill of health from that port. At Lisbon the arrangements for unit ading vessels in quarantine were a perfect nullity. The Gannet, steamer, arrived from Liverpool on the 27th Sep. tember, had not been able to laud a package of bale goods up to the 10th, when she was fortunate enough to get free pratique with the Pelican, of the same line of steamers, which had arrived from Liverpool with a clear bill of health, and been admitted upon th e completion of eight days, voyage and observation included. The Lisbon exchange for three months on London was at 611, bills scarce. Portuguese stock, 30 to 40. A royal decree had been issued at Lisbon, sp. roving a loan, contracted in Pails, of 12,000,000 f., fur the Portuguese government, at NO per cent., in terest 6 per cent. per annum, with twenty years for its redemption. The minister has not th,..uglit proper to publish the contract thus approved. It would appear that the guarantee given is the road impost, but the report is very vague. The Earl of Clarendon has intimated to the Minister of Foreign Affairs at Lisbon, that no more time could be allowed the Portuguese jovernment to make good the claim (ah.mt 15,000/.) fur loss of capital and interest zu the case (II Mrs. Croft's dowry, illegally kept back. SWITZERLAND. The Band, a Swiss paper, stalks that in its sitting of the 7th the Feikral Council dctinitiirly approved of the Lukmanier hail vay line, notwiths:anding the opposition of the military department. EGYPT. - • The Journal (1,.$ IPbats says:—" The serious question relative to the prohibition of the export of corn still continues at Alexandria in the same state. The application made by the consular body to the Viceroy through Stefano hey, on the 17th ult., to postpone the carrying into operation of the decree to that effect until the 30th November, had not been replied to on the sth instant, nor could the Consuls form any idea when an answer would be given. Abbas Pacha is at the present time in the Desert beyond Mount Sinai, superintending the construction of a road from Mount Sinai to Tor, a small pita on the Red Sea, where a mineral spring, said to be of great virtue, has been lately discovered. Great sur prise is generally felt that the Viceroy should be absent from his capital, occupying himself with such trifles, when affairs of so much greater importance require his presence at the seat of government. In the meantime, the export of core still continues without any obstacle; and vessels are Hocking to Alexandria. The price of wheat is firm, but no sales are made, except for cash." THE UNITED STATES. ARRIVAL OF THE AFRICA. LIVERPOOL, St DAY. The British and North American royal mail steamer Africa, Captain Harrison, arrived at this port from New York last night at ten o'clock. She brings the usual mails, upwards of 70 passengers, and about 800,000 dollars specie on freight. She left New York on the ,th at noon, and has expe rienced moderate weather, with a prevalence of wes terly winds. The news taken out by the Baltic from hence on the 21st September had the effect of causing an im mediate advance on all articles of b cadatnffs and pro visions, as will be seen by reference to our commer cial report. James G. King, the head of the banking firm of .1. G. King, and Sons, of New York, died at his resi dence on Jersey shore on the 4th inst. in his 83rd year. Mr. King was long connected with the house of Prince, Ward, King, and Co., and was a man of the highest standing amongst the mercantile com munity of New York, by whom he was universally respected. A violent gale was blowing on Lake Erie on the 4th, and the sea running so high as to prevent ves ikely going out. The schooner Strange reports seeing a wreck about twelve miles up, two miles from the Canada shore, with three men clinging to the masts, which alone were visible above the water—heard their cries and screams as the vessel was driven by, without any power to aid. The steamer Mississippi went out to the wreck, but when she reached it found no man on the mast. She, however, saw the lifeboat pulling ashore, and supposed it took the man off. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE, NEW Yull►, /pt.!. A slight improvement is visibleinst.hut thrreis no firmness in the market. Money remains scarce, under the more restricted system adopted by the banks of the city. For business paper of a prime tharomer Bto 9 per cent. is readily paid.—Loans on demand ou first class secu rities i to 8 per cent. Sterling bills fur to-morrow's steamer closed at 1C0.1; to 110 for hankers' signatures. Franca .5, 13: to 5,12 j. The advance is fully sustained, and a steady demand continues at these quotations; London, to 1,10; Faris, 5,14 W 5,12} ; .Amsterdam, 41 to 411 ; - Hamburg, 361 to 381 Bremen, 70: to 811. CUTTON.—Notwithstanding the unfavourable tenor of the advice* for cotton, our market has been only shiftily de pressed, the quantity offering being small, and the reports of injury to the growing crop being more general and de cisive ; grades above middling are scarce, and bring full rates, while the lower qualities are neglect. d. The new crop comes forward slowly, the receipts to last dates being 33,000 ogainst b3,00u same period last year; but the qua lity is pour, the bulk being under iniadling. The epidemic continues to extend through the south, but as the last ac counts report the weather as having set in cold, it if hoped the neat reports will be more favourable. P.S. 'telegraph from Ne w Orleans, of 3rd., quotes Mid dling 10Ic. ; freights to Liverpool, 6 Sd. ; receipts for the week, 22,000 bales only. Ordln,u-y. Midi Ming. Mid. Fair. Ff.r. New Orleans and Mobih 01 to 91 10 to 111 lif tot/nomad Up:ands end Fiorisla IinnADSTUFFS.-I.7tieler the influence of continued fa vour.iddt advice* from Europa received per Allitri:t and , our market has been very animated during the Pot week, and large isles, both for export and speculation, have been made at an advance of sto Bc. per bushel on wheat, and 34.) to 40c. per bbl. on tbar. The principal transactions here have been in wheat, fur whick toe demand is mote active, and the supidy more abundant. The ardor/ brands if shipping flour are scarce, and the cure qualities are relative y cheaper. Indian corn has also participated in the advance, and the market is min . octave at our quota tions. The supplies coming forward are still reported to be unusually large, but the arrivals at present are very light to:. this season, owing to the heavy pressure of 'night en our canals and railroads, and the interruptions on the former from breaks and other causes; by the end of the mouth we look for increased receipts.