The Express. — London, England, 1848-07-26 00:00:00

IP ies, 1 aer• 'Able Lhen% to a distant governorship, where the fame of their previous career had not spread. Such being the sort of persons sent out to act as governors to the colonies, was it to be won dered at that they were utterly unfit to sustain their characters, or that they became the tools of the factions which existed at the seat of their rule? From such causes sprung the jealousies and feuds which were so frequent amoagvt the authorities and functionaries ofdistant colonies. The governors and the judges were, owing to these causes, frequently upon a hostile footing towards each other, and not a year passed in which some petitions were not presented complaining of the arbitrary removal of judges or other functionaries by the superior authorities of the colonise. So frequent, indeed, were throe petitions, that a permanent tri bunal had been constituted to judge of their grounds ; and who should be placed at the head of such a commission but the man who had long been designated as the evil genius of the Colonial-office ?" (Cries of " Nsme, name ?" to which some hon. member anaweeed Siephens.) The facts which he refs reed to were of such notoriety that all were acquainted with them more or less. No wonder, therefore, that the colonies were badly governed under such a system, or that the colonists were discontented. The question to be considered was, whether the system could be amended. It appeared to him that the admiuistration of the affairs of the colonies by the Downing street authorities was far inferior to the system of self government. 'the colonists were tar better judges of their owe wants than any person jobbing in Downingatreet could be. The Colonial office was entirely irrespo .sible, and it was only when the country was called upon to pay for its misdeeds, in the shape of a Kafir or New Zealand war, that any accounts et its proceedings could be obtained. And even then the documents were so carefully prepared that few of the members of that house were able to trace the various items so set out by the Colonial-office. The only remedy for the state of things he had described was self government ; and the concluaion that he hail come to was, that the only course now to be followed towards the colonists was to bestow on them every power of managing and controlling their affairs, only reserving to England the sovereignty over them, which to withdraw I would 'ho incurious to the whole empire. The purposes for which the colonies were chiefly if not wholly useful is the mother country were to afford an outlet for emigration and a market for her manufactures. During the last twenty years the cost of emigration hail been 20,000,0001., and taking periods of fire years during that time it would be found that emigration had gone steadily can increasing every year. In 1 80 . 11 Wan W.UUU ; In tool, uumo ; lb", 'coo in 15 , 47, 121,000. These important facts wo uld show that the habit of emigration was steadily advancing; and his conclusion was that free trade and emigration ought to be the acne objects held in view in reference to the colonies in concurrence with maintaining the sovereignty of Great Bri tain over them, If henceforward, instead of expending 4,000,0001. on the military, naval, and civil establishments of the colonies, 2,000,0001. were to be annually applied to the purposes of emigration, the result would soon be most beneficial. The colonies were competing for labour; and could England nut bridge over the ocean by her emi gration ships so as to supply those wants ? If that Gould be accomplished cue of the most difficult mobil problems of the day would be at once solved. The difficulry was to find funds ; but, as he had said, why not expend 2,000,0001. a year in this way instead of the 4,0u0,0001. now so idly and waste fully spent ? The statesman who would carry into operation a vast and or , m prehensi vt scheme of emigration would achieve for himself an imperishable name. But the system upon which emigration must be based ought to be that practised by the Greeks in founding their colonies, and by thole wise and self denying men who founded the states of New England on the shores of America. All classes must gu together. The capitalist, the professional man, the artisan, the farmer, the mechanic, the labourer, all with their wives, their fami lies, their implements, so as to constitute a complete colony in themselves. The horrible sy tem of casting tut paupers in a state of disease too horrible to think of, and sullied by crimes unmentionable even to the moat polluted ears, was one which characterised the recent efforts et emigration sanctioned by the Col milli-office. It waa alike disgraceful to those who were the participators in the scheme and those who were its victims. If the good old system of colonisation were pursued thesavagedeserte of New Zealand would soon be converts...l it.:o the happy abodes of the Saxon-English race. Having thus explained h a views, he begged to move the resolution which he hail already read, and to state in conclu sion that if the government agreed in it, he would on a future day give noLice of his intention next session to appeal to the house to appoint a committee to inquire into the means by which the views he had explained could best be carried into effect. Mr. HUTT lamented his inability to offer any adequate [..gate to the admirable speech which the hon. baronet bad just delivered, and he should even have felt diffident in rising to second the motion, were it not that he was prepared to maintain nearly every position laid down by the hon baronet. Mr. HAWES said that whether he regarded the import ance of this dete.te, or the magnitude of the subject and the multitude of ds,ails it involved, he might venture to solicit the kindness and indulgence of the house whilst he drew some , * h .t largely on its attention. Without presuming to defend all the errors and defects that might have chuac tensed the colonial government of past times, he would say that, taken as a whale, that government had been the most successful and free that the world had ever witnessed. (Hear, hear.) Where. amongst the colonies of foreign powers, could there be found the same success, the same pro gress, the same establishment of free institutions and equal laws, • free press. and trial by jury, as existed in the whole of our colonies? (Hear.) There was not one of oar modern colonies to which he would not point as a most triumphant contrast to the old American colonies. Whether in New Zealand, South Australia, Port Phillip,—wherever in late years we have attempted to found a colony, success the most marked had attended that effort. Not a single colony could be n.med amongst the old American colonies whose success had been so rapid as that of Australia. The hon. member for Southwark had said the patronage of the Colonial-office was distributed amongst needy adventurers, and the poor re lations of those having parliamentary influence; but he might have mollected name after name of those who were colonial governors at present which would have given the most decisive answer to that imputation. Under the past and present governments men of the most distinguished ability and the highest character had been called to these offices; amongst them he might name Lord Metcalfe, Lord Durham, Lord Elgin, Lord Harris, and Sir W. Colebrooke, about to go to Barbadoes. Were these men having parliamentary influence, or ....re they not rather marked out by their own fitness and ability for the situations t i which they had been appointed ? Itemarko in that house were addressed, not only to this country, but to the colonies ; and it was important to show that the appointments had not been made from the sordid motives assigned. He might refer to Sir More OTerrall, in Malta; to Sir C. Grey, in New Zealand ; and to Lord Harris, in Trinidad. Could any man impugn these appointments, or say that they had proceeded from sordid motives? The hon. member would confer on all the colonies self-government, and would make it the rule. To a large extent be (Mr. Hawes) concurred in the propriety of this rule, where the colonies were fit for its application. But the general maxim admitted of great qualification. In Canada self-government was care ed to the utmost point: could the same system be extended to the little island of Nene, or even to Mauritius, which partook of the charac ter of a military possession, as well as the , of a colony, and where imperial intetens had to be consulted' quite so much so those of the colonists ? Moreover, where there existed hostile races, and the European population were in a great minority, representative government might place a tyranni cal power in the hands of the majority. Here the moderat ing influence of the crown came in, and had been more beneficial in maintaining harmonious action between the different races than self-government could possibly be. Our colonies might be grouped into four great classes: territorial possessions—possessions where we !ought to extend emigre. nun and to diffuse the British name, race, and language, as the colonies in North America, Australia, South Africa, and New Zealand. Another class were our plantations, the great abject cf which was trede and the supply of this country with tropical produce ; and here again were great anomalies and some diiiieldtiOlto deal with in applying the doctrine of self government. Next came our trading possessions held as depots, Hong-Kong, Lehuan, and the settlements on the west coast of Africa. These great possessions were placed under very different circumstances, and established for very different purposes, and did nut admit of one uniform system of government. Then there were our great military stations, to which the !ann. baronet did not mean to apply the princi ple he hail laid down. In colonies so varied it was impoaai ble to establish a uniform system of government ; the system moat vary with the varying circumstances and necessities of the enlnniata, 1.0.1 eelegovernmeet ought to be the general rule ; whenever the colony was morally and physically fitted for it, it ought to be the first duty of the government to confer it. The hon. baronet would not abandon any of our colonies; bet how was it possible to govern them without some central home authority ? That authority must exist in some form or shape very similar to its present one. What was meant by the " despotic authority of the Colonial-office ?" Where could such authority possibly be exercised i The colonial minister was amenable to parlia ment; he, a very bumble individual, was there to explain and defend, as far as be deemed it right, whatever had been impugned in colonial policy. If a judge was displaced, he I soon found an advocate to bring his case before that house. lie might refer to the discussions on the past government of New Zealand; that had been made • great question in the house, hats been brought repeatedly under its notice ; and great good had been the result. He utterly denied the existence of any "despotic authority," or "occult in flu.eitee," such as had been alluded to, or of any action or pneciple of action which he should be ashamed to avow and defend in that house. Ile utterly repudiated all the un worthy insinuations which had been cast on the proceedings of an important department of the government, rather, he suPposed, to give a zest to speeches, than for any good and useful purpose. (Hear, hear.) But these attacks tended to undermine our authority in the colonies ; and, there fore, • case ought to be fully capable of proof before it was submitted to that house. (Hear, hear.) Canada d tee largest measure of sell-govern ment. (Ireirr e .r At a time when the greatest changes, appre ber`lon, and anxiety were going en in Europe, Canada was Perfectly tranquil aed content ; there was no attempt either ") promote revolutionor stir up excitement ; the colonists re lied on the government they had, which was a government in ;:oefermitywith the majority of the House of Assembly and of the electors. (Hear.) Again, in New Brunswick, the most complete measure of local self-government had been con ferred. On the 23rd June last, Earl Grey had addressed a despatch to the governor of that colony, recommending him '1" endeavour to form such a council as he thought would commend the greatest confidence of the inhabitants and their repr s• natives, and thus secure a general support in =trying on the government ; and, at the same time, care lully to abstain from committing himself to the leaders of 'my one political party, in such a manner as to place him under difficulty in obtaining similar oonstitutionel support from their opponents, should any change of circumstances gre them the majority.” (Hear, hear.) In Nova Scotia a charge of admin4tration had taken place; the province was 9 satisfied with the change, and the new gove;nenent were now conducting the ministry and receiviug the general support of the assembly. Some harsh observations had been m ide • on the bid pasted for New Zealand. That bill would hare conferred a good constitution on the colony ; it made, for the first time, a most important provision for en franchising the natives themselves, of whom a great num ber would soon be qualified to claim the franchise, for in more intelligent set of men and better qualified to become good subjects he did not believe existed anywhere. (Heat, hear.) It wu said the bill sent out to Australia had created the greatest dissatiehection ; but it had oily been sent out to elicit the opinions of the colonists. Thou opinions were adverse, and there was an end of it; but in all probability the result would be to establish a repre sentative constitution in New South Wales, with full pro visions for altering and amending it from time totime as the colonists migh: see fit. (Hear, hear.) This was surely no despotic interference. (Hear.) It was said the Cape of Good Hope ought to have a representative government ; and the hon. member had attempted to show that there was an indisposition to confer this franchise. It is quite the reverse. (Hear.) Lord Grey's attention was called to the subject in 1846, and in a despatch of the god of November of that year, he stated that the government en tertained the strongest prepossession in favour of the repre sentative system, and would promptly avail themselves of any opportunity of extending it to the colony. Sir H. Smith, in a despatch of the 3rd December lest, stated that he should shortly make a general report as to the remodelling of the government on a representative principle. He now passed to the West India colon es, where a very dif ferent system of things prevailed—small European communities, and large coloured populations. Was his hon. friend prepared to morust entirely to those colonies the management of their affairs, without the inter vention of the Colonial-of ce ? It that were so they must I either secure a large extensive suffrage to the coloured pope- I lation, or they must leave the management of affairs entirely in the hands of the small European population. He did not ' think that the country would allow this, because the ten dency of the laws which had been passe d during the last ten j or fifteen years was to place, more or less, the coloured popu lation in entire subservience to their masters. (Hear, bear.) j His hon. friend said that the colonies which possessed repre sentative assemblies were governed more cheaply than those . which were under the immediate direction of the Colonial offiee. Ile was not consinced that the statement was correct. His hon. friend based his calculations on the most uncertain '•• • ' . Seining correct accounts, whether of populetion, of finance, expenditure, or the cost of government. (Hear.) Front New Zealand and New South Wales they obtained such information with great minnteneu, but the case was different with regard to the West Indies. His hon. friend estimated the expenses of government by the population, but ' when 40,000 per,ons emigrated to a colony in one year it . must very much alter the estimate. (Hear, hear.) Wi.h respect to Guiana, the total expenditure, including that of , the military establishment, was 270,0001. The mother country paid for the military establishment only; the re. =Under was paid by the colony. But 100,0001. of that sum j was expended on immigration and procuring labourers. This could not fairly be called an expense on account of government. Sir W. MOLES WORTH said he omitted expenditure for i emigration from all his calculations. Mr. HAWES said that his hon. friend did not mention any amount as struck out on account of immigration. His lion. friend also said that there was an extravagant ex penditure on account of Hong-Kong. The last report from llong.Kong was dated the 13th of March, 1847. In that report Sir J. Davis said that the revenue had risen from 9,0001. to 22,0001., and that in the pretest year it was 27,0001. The expenditure had been diminished by 6,1701., and the military east) ishrnent had been at the same time re duced. It was not always fair to make the military esta blishment a part and parcel of the colonial expenditure, because if they were to carry on teed° in distant seas they I must have a mil& ry and naval force for its protection. (Hear, hear.) His hon. friend alluded to Ceylon; but he was now able to inform him that the whole fixed cost of the establishments in that island was now placed under the con trol of the colonial council. ( Hear, hear.) He admitted that great reduction might be made in the cost of the colonies, that the expenditure on their account ought to be regarded as one capable of great diminution, without at all impairing the efficiency of their management. (Hear, hear.) Great complaints had been made of the cost of Mauritius. With regard to that colony he begged to inform his hon. friend that in September last instructions had been sent from the Colonial-office to the governor, desiring him to redoes:, the outlay to the least possible amount. The probable pres sure that was ceming upon Mauritius had been foreseen. and it was in consequence of this that those instructions had been j sent out. They were now in the receipt of the reply of the j governor, and in consequence of the instructions issue d, there was a reduction of taxes to the amount of 65,000/. (Hear, hear.) He had shown that there was every dispel- j tion to establish local self-government where the colony was i in a position to exercise it, and with regard to the diminu. tion of expenditure, he had shown, by the instances of i (lesion and Mauritius, tha the Colonial-office had not been idle. He denied that there was any falling off in the extent or importance of the colonial trade. His hon. friend said that for every pound's worth of goods which was exported 9s. was paid as the cost of colonial go. 'eminent. If that statement wire accurate the charge j would be indefensible, but he would diminish it at once by 4s. 6d., because his hon. friend had omitted altogether from his calculation the amount of imports, and it was on the total value of both that they had to determine the cost of colonial government. The value of the imports for 184.5 was 1.5,100,0001., and of the exports 13,400,0001. What were the , fruits of British colonisation ? The colony of South Aus tralia was a pet colony, but there had been such an extra. elegant expenditure of money on public works that it would have been bankrupt but for the interference of the Colonial-office. It had received 2,000,0001. at first. It was transferred to the Colonial-office, and from that moment it became one of their most flourishing colonies. His hon. friend spoke of the hardships to which the colonists were subject on account of the regulations respecting the ' royalties of mines. Those regulations had been established after great care and elaborate investigation by Lord Stanley. But this disadvantage attended them—that they applied only to some of the mines. Representations had been made to his noble friend on the subject, and though his own impres sion was that a tax on ore was as fair a tax as could be im. posed, his noble friend removed tho royalties. (Hear, bear.) Their colonial policy was by no means so unsuc cessful as had been represented. Take the colony of Port Phillip, for instance, and see how marked was its progress. In 1815 the revenue of Port Philip was 89,0001. ; in 1846 it was 96,0001. The imports in 1836 were 20.5,000 ;; in 1846 they were 315.0001. In 183 G the exports amounted to 342,0001. ; in 1846 to 42.5,0001. In South Australia, again, the revenue in 1840 was 30,0001. • in 1846 it was 62,0001. The expenditure in 1810 was 69 ,0001. ; in 1845 it was 36,0001. ; in 1846 it was 49,0001. The amount of the copper ore alone exported in 1841, 1815, 1816 was 75,0001. He ad. milled that discontent exited in some of the colonies, and discontent would always exist with respect to particular questions. They were all agreed on the policy of establish ing a colonisation fund from the sale of the colonial lands, but it was a difficult question to determine the exact price of this land. It a high price was fixed it would create discontent in the colonies. There were some questions, therefore, in which imperial intereits would be at variance with the supposed interests of the colonies. He had spoken of the Australian colonies : he would now speak of New Zealand. He did not know any instance of a more successful colony. An Hoer. MEM Ben—That was not owing to the Colonial- I office. . Mr. HAWES—New Zealand owed a great deal to the Colonial-officce of late years. It had granted a loan to a considerable amount to the New Zealand Company. Since then the progress of the colony was of a striking and marked character. In September, 1841, Caproin Fitzroy, writing to Lord Stanley, said that the state of the colony was unprece dented, that the difficulties' to be; surmounted were great, and that nothing but paper money wee in circulation. Recent accounts, however, showed that the state of the colony was very improving. His hon. friend had alluded to accounts which were upon the table of the house relative to colonial expenditure. When his (Mr. Hawes's) attention was first directed to them, he owned that he thought the in crease of that expenditure remarkable. On examination he found, however, that nearly the whole of the increase was in three colonies—Outride, the Cape of Good Hope, and Australia. He had come to the conclusion that that expen diture might be considerably reduced, but at the same time he did not think the result would be produced by creating a greater number of colonial legislators. It was said that there was a constant interference by the Colonial-office with the internal affairs of the colonies. Now, he found that last year there were no less than 012 acts of colonial legislation, of which the Colonial-office only dissented in any way to 55. He knew that the Colonial-office was a very unpopular de partment. He did not see why it should be so, yet he scarcely anticipated that it could be otherwise, seeing the number of schemers and applicants who daily appeared at it. He denied that the Colonial-office was, as it was said to be, the seat of a despotism. He believed those who filled the high office of Colonial minister bad conferred the greatest benefits on our colon;a1 empire. This was all he had to say. He had no objection to the hon. gentleman's motion. It did but carry out the principle they had for some time been aiming at, and its ten. deney would be to strengthen the hands of the colonial minister. There were many of his hon. friend's plans with which, of course, he could not agree; and which he feared, if adopted, would weaken the ties which bound our colonies to the mother country. (Hear, hear.) Mr. F. SCOTT moved the adjournment of the debate. Mr. HTJME said it was utterly impossible to expect, at this period of the session, that the debate should he ad journed. He thought his hon. friend (Sir W. Molesworth) ad exhausted the subject, and the declarations and admis sions of the government were highly satisfactory. It ap peared that local government was to be henceforth the ru and not the exception, and that great economy was hence forth to be even:lied. lie thought they ought to take the declaration of government as a great concession. lie did not see that the hon. member (Mr. Scott) would gain anything by adjournment, and he entreated him to with draw his motion. Mr. STAFFORD said, the hon. member would not wish to go on if he had been in the house since twelve o'clock that da Mr. HIJME.—I have never been out of it. (Cries of " Hear, hear," and laughter.) Mr. MANGLES also confessed himself very wearied, but said he would go on if the house desired it. (Cries of "Go on.") Well, then, he would go on. He confessed he thought the Under Secretary had made out that recently the administration of colonial affairs had been much improved. He regretted, however, that he had undertaken the defence of the Colonial-office during all past periods since its forma tion. How could any member defend the conduct of the colonial department respecting New Zealand ? How could he venture to uphold a system of colonial government which I THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JULY 26, 1848. left the colonies to the administration of con. tantly changing ministers? Why should there not be a bea r d of directon to manage the eolouies ? Mr. URQUHART suggested that the debate should be adjourned. The question was then put and tarried, and the debate was adjourned for a fortnight. CASE OF MR. O'BRIEN. Mr. C. ANSTEY moved, pursuant to notice, for de papers relative to the charges brought by Governor M'Donald against Thomas O'Brien, Esq., late Colonial Secretary of Sierra Leone, aad the counter charges brought by the latter gentleman against the former, and the decision of the Colon' il-ortice upon the same. The Colonial-office had already refused the papers, and had asked the house to place confidence in the statements of its representatives; but surely, after the manlier in which the West India papers had been suppressed, the house would not believe anything that came from that quarter. (Hear, hear.) Tee case of Mr. O'Brien was one of great hardship. He had returned to England from Sierra Leone on an understanding with the governor that he was to receive another appointment, but on his arrival in England he found that such charges had bees. ' sent home as caused his (Mr. O'Brieu's) dismissal. The hon. and learned member proceeded to read some corrispond ence which had passed between Governor Macdonald and Mr. O'Brien, to prove that the lattergentleman had returned to England under a pledge from the government, and that th►t pledge had been grvssly violated. An Hos. Milllllllt here moved that the house be counted, and 40 members not being present, the house adjourned at a quarter-past 12 o'clock. ELECTION COMMITTEES.—YESTERDAY. IHALLN.—A complaint was made at the sitting of the couamitteo that several of the witnesses had not received their expenses. Mr. Rowe applied (or a report to the house to that effect —The Chairman stated that be would consult the Speaker, and report to-morrow (this day).—The scrutiny was then proceeded. with, and one vote was struck off Mr. Reynolds' majority. NORTH CIIE: 4 IIIRE.—The sitting was occupied in hearing evidence to substantiate the charge of mating against the agents of Mr. Leigh. Mr arirnrrtig. MAILS, The mails for Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Cadiz, and Gibraltar will be made up on the morning of the 27th July. The mails for British North America, and the United State., will be made up on the evening of the 28th July. The mails for New South Wales, Van Diemen's land, and New Zealand will be made up on the evening of the 36t July. The mails for the West Gast of Africa and Madeira will be male up on the ravening of the 31st 2017. The West India Mails, including Bermuda, Namara, Havanna Honduras, New °dame, Vera Crux, Tampico, and Porto ltieo, end excluding those for Madeira, Jacmel, Carthatena, Santa Martha, Chagas., Panama, Weet Coast of South America, and St. Juan-ile- Nicaragwi, will be made up on the morning of the 2nd August. The ladle for the Brazils, the River Platt, Monte Video, Pernam buco, Bahia, Madeira, and Buenos Ayes, will be made up on the evening of the 4th August. The overland clotted mails, via Marseilles, to the Mediterranean, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, I iong-Kong, &c., will be made up on the evening of the 7th Aug, The overland mails for Gibraltar, Malta, Greece, the lonian Islands, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, lndu, Hong-Kung, and Chine, via Southamp ton, will be made upon the evening of the 19th August. NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS. The number of STAMPS issued by the authorities of the Stamp-ollioe, during 1847, to the DAILY NEWS was 3.447.009 This, we believe, lo within eight per cent. of the number issued to the Morning Herald, Morning Chronicle, ant Morning Foal, ALL PVT TOGETHER. In addition to the above, issued to the DAILY NEWS, Morning Paper, there were issued for the Evensno Edition, THE EXPRESS 778.714 Which was more, we believe, than were issued either to the Globe or Standard. Evening Papers. HIGH WATER AT LOR DOH 1111DOR. T•;0 —11.1.010 A. W ouo.oool Aftentos. n NW 10 T. Mama& II ads. Awn 11 ; Ahoson, if W. 0•4111. LONDON,IVEDNESDAY,JUL Y 26. Tut last attempt to infuse something of reality into the Incumbered Estates Bill has been defeated in the H.-use of Commons, and having been read a third time, nothing now remains but that it should receive its summary coup de ! pike from the more plain-deal ing House of Loris. We understand that Lord STANLEY and his friends, encouraged by the manner in which almost every useful detail has been sacrificed in the Commons, have avowed their determination to . . erase the barren principle still remaining in the bill, and so to secure its total abandonment for this year. Whether they do or do not pursue this course is now of comparatively little moment. As a political concession no measure of the kind —even though it were a reality and not a sham— would in the present convulsed and fevered state of Ireland be treated with mush regard. But at no time could such a caricature of practical legislation merit either gratitude or respect. As a bold admission of the necessity that exists for some legislative change regarding the transfer of landed property, it may be deemed desirable that the title of this bill should ap pear in the index to modern statutes, but that it will legitimately, usefully, or extensively facilitate the sale of incumbered estates we utterly deny. To say that its provisions ehou d they ever become law, will have no effect whatever, would probably be incorrect. The best and wisest enactments are con stantly perverted by dishonest ingenuity to uses never apprehended or foreseen. No sooner are they placed upon the statute book than those whose ill practices they were meant to restrain, begin to whip their wits for some expedient whereby to carry on their former knavery according to the new law. In the present case, however, these worthies, who exist in every community and at all times abound, cannot complain of being put to any unnecessary trouble. They will find facilities such as they never had before for the perpetration of unprovable and unpuniehable frauds. Parties are allowed by this bill to sell not only what is their own, bat what belongs to other people, and it leaves to the result of a lottery of notices and affi davits, all ex parte, whether the absent parties, whom it may be the object of the conspiring vendor and purchaser to rob, shall ever hear of the transaction, until proof of the fraud is impossible, and restitution can be no longer claimed. In vain it was urged by several independent members friendly to the true objects of the measure, that without a special officer appointed to inquire beforehand into the lawfulness and rightfulness of each trans action, those unlitigated never could be safe or practically useful. No heed was paid to any sug gestion on the subject ; but a clumsy drag on the wheel was pointed to as a master-piece of legal me chanism—the said drag being nothing more nor less than the old right which everybody has when he suspects he is going to be injured by another's deal ings, to ask the Court of Chancery for an injunction, as it is called, to atop all further proceedings. So that, in fact, the security thus afforded is for the use of all who may be watchful and able to look after their rights; but as for the weak, the poor, or the absent, they aro left defenceless, remediless, and helpless. Amongst the creditors the same unjust and impo litic preference has been avowedly shown to the wealthier and more powerful. No mean or minor man need apply for aid in the recovery of his debt under this exclusive and monopolising bill. The usurious and grasping money lenders and the opulent insurance companies are the sole objects of its care. The grand creditors are protected and pampered with new legal facilities. It they like to sell an Irish estate they nay do so as soon as they please, whether the owner or other creditors like it or not. If they do not please, which is much the more frequent case, the estate may decay, the tenantry may starve, the owner may be redaced to hopeless ruin, and the other cre ditors may be kept out of the interest of their money for years, and lose the costs of their proceedings against an eventually deficient fund; but the rich mortgagees being secured, all the rest must go for nothing. The injustice of this was pointed out while the bill was in committee, on more than one occasion ; but the Solicitor-General replied that the measure had been thus framed, not by Lord COTTENIIAM or him self, but in submission to threats of certain of the joint-stock companies in the city, who otherwise would have opposed its progress. Finally, and worst of all, the want of all fair play between the more and less opulent purchaser was again and again pointed out in discussion. It was' shown that in every way, the cost of title, of con veyance, and of stamps, the large purchaser was un justly favoured, and the man of moderate capital deterred from buying. As one step towards rectify ing this evil an amendment was moved by Mr. MONSELL, on Monday night, to exempt small pur chases from this prohibitory impost. Nearly every Irish member present and many of the best men among the English and Scotch members supported it. But no heed whatever was of course paid to such remonstrances, and the proposition was negatived by a majority of two to one. We had some hopes of this bill et the commence meet of the session; but after what we have seen and chronicled, we are reluctantly constrained to own that these hopes are ne rly gone. Should this miserable make-believe per into a law, its absolute failure to accomplish any of the ends proposed will lead the on reflecting and unenquiring many to believe that no thing effectual was possible; and should it be thrown out by the House of Lords the fact will be used as an argument with the docile Commons next year against t.ltroducing a just, a wise, and an efficient bill. Fee' of our readers are probably aware that at the assiz es now being holden at York there are no less than 58 Prisoners for trial upon charges connected with the recent proceedings of the chartists; that the offences embr.ve all the forms of seditious speeches, of illegal meettogs, of riot, of rescue, of training and' drilling others in the use of arms, of being 'present for the purpose of being, trained and drilled, and of aiding, assisting, and abettivg an unlawful assembly of per sons in their being trained and drilled to the practice of military movements and evolutions: in short, that more than one-fourth of the calendar is made up of persons charged with these political offences in Brad ford, Horton, Bingley, Drighlington, North Bierley, Nlanningham, Halifax, Skirooat, Emley, and Clayton, in the west riding ; that only nin e h ave b een ena bl e d to obtain bail; and that the variation in the forms of the committals does infinite credit to the ingenuity of Mr. W. BeBFIELD FERRAND and his brother magistrates; for whilst one man is com mitted for " having wickedly, maliciously, and sedi tiously, in the presence and hearing of divers liege subjects of oar Sovereign Lady the Queen Victoria, uttered, pronounced, and declared certain scandalous, malicious, and seditious words, of and c oncern i ng our said La dy the Queen, her government, crown, and dignity; another stands charged, that he. "with one It. W. and divers other evil-disposed per sons, to the number of 500 and more, at present un known, did unlawfully meet tozether for the nurnose purpose of exciting the liege subjects of our Lady the Queen to hatred, and hostility to the government and constitution of this realm—and did by loud and sedi tious speeches, exclamations, and cries, and by ex hibiting divers flags and banners of a seditious eha •racter, cause great terror and alarm to divers peaceable and liege subjects of our Lady the Queen, her crown, and dignity." The assizes have lasted one entire week, and we are not yet in ion of any information to lead us to a knowled ge of the course the law officers oft. e crown intend to take with respect to these 68 pri soners, but we draw our renders' attention to the num ber and the nature of the charges made, to point out the necessity of having a me ostensible and responsible person who will act as public prosecutor, sift care fully the evidence on which the committals have been made, select the most flagrant cases for trial, and pu nish the ringleaders rather than the more ignorant followers. It is the firmness combined with the judicious leniency of the administrative government which causes respect for the laws, and, moreover, it is most important that one general plan should be followed in all parts of the country; that the same system should be pursued at York as is laid down at the Old Bailey, and that whilst the supre macy of the law is maintained and the peaceable in habitants of the district have their confidence re assured, there shall be a full faith among the accused that they will be fairly and impartially dealt with. Now this uniformity of arrangement, and this desire to act alike in all places, can never be carried oat so long as there is no one head directing the whole, or even consulted upon the arrangements for the trial. We all know how difficult a task it is for local ma gistrates in times of great excitement to weigh accurately the evidence against particular prisoners, or to discriminate between individual cases; in general, it is the custom, and, indeed, the duty of the magistrate to commit for trial on all °scallions where a strong presumptive case is made out before him : it is his duty to leave to another tribunal the question of actual guilt or innocence, and the proper punishment to be meted out. This very duty, how ever, causes many committals which it would be in judicious to follow up. Mr. JUSTICE ERLE recom mended the Yorkshire gram d jury to fling out bills, where a conviction would, probably, fail before the I common jury; the grand jury, too zealous to follow the learned judge's advice, have sent all the political cases to trial. How muc'm better would it be if all the eases were investigated by some competent public officer, and that instead of the Lap hazard and hurried opinion of a grand jury, the calmer and more considerate decision of a well-versed prosecutor should be taken upon them. Under the I mode now followed, it may well happen that an excess of zeal shall fill the gaol with men who hare participated little in the actual dis turbances, and it would be wise to have some one on whose responsibility it should reie, whether those par ties should or should not be put upon their trial. As it is, one rule may obtain in London, a second at York, and a third at Lancarter • nay, the very form of the charge for the same offence may be different, and one man may be tried under the old law of sedi tion in one place, and another, for an exactly similar offence elsewhere, may be tried under the law of the present session ; and though the one may be subject only to two years' imprisonment, the other riay find his way as a felon to some penal settlement. It was generally admitted, that with the exception, perhaps, of VERNON'S case, the judgment, the dis cretion, and the moderation di-played by the Attorney- General and the crown counsel in the recent trials at the Old Bailey, were exemplary : care was in general taken not to strain the law, or to act with unne cessary harshness towards the defendants: and the members of the chartist body were satisfied of the perfect fairness of all that took place. In London we know that the old law of sedition alone was had re course to, that no one was indicted for the felony, and that when one had pleaded guilty to the riot, which would have subjected him to hard labour, the Attor ney-General waived entering up judgment on that count. Here then were the law officers of the crown acting on their responsibility to the country, and with a regard for their own high characters : with the London trials, however, the authom ity of the crown prosecutors ceases. Unless taken down specially, they will have nothing to do with the conduct of the proceedings elsewhere; the framing of the indictment will be left to the crownjunior on tech circuit; the senior Queen's counsel wilt, perhaps, hold briefs for the prosecution; beyond this there will be no control, and there can be no one directing voice to make the whole of the moths of prosecution harmonise, .o temper any excess of I zeal on the part of the local authorities, or to release from prison the lesi culpable offenders. In the case of time York trials the want of some such control is most evident, for, if we are to jud g e from the wording of the committals, there may be one or two indict ments preferred for felony under the new act, instead of for sedition under the common law ; and it could I not be intended by the government that one law should be enforced in the south and a much more severe law be used in the north. Satisfied we are that any such inconsistency will be discountenanced by the chief law officers, and we hope prevented. Yet the bare possibility of such a discrepancy ought to be avoided. CHINA. THE INDIAN ARCHIPELAGO. HONG-KONG, MAY 25.—0 n April 29 the go vernor, accompanied by Mrs. Bonham, Gen. Stavely, and others, embarked in ll.M.'s steamer Medea for the Bogue Forts, to meet the Chinese commissioner, Sin. On arrival of the Itledea at that place the H.C.S. Pluto took the governor and his staff out with a guard of honour furnished by H.M.'s 95th Rcgt., several of the officers of that regiment and of both steamers being present at the interview and sub sequent chow-chow furnished by the imperial commissioner. The dinner included birds'-nest soup, shark-fins, and all Chinese delicacies. Notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, his Excellency Sin, accompanied by the Admiral Li, returned his excellency's visit on board the Medea, which was necessarily of short duration, as it was getting dark. The Pluto took the Chinese commissioner and his suite back. The following morning the Medea proceeded to Whampoa, where the governor, Mrs. Bonham, &c., left her, and went up to Canton. Her Majesty's steamer, Fury, left Hong-Kong April 29, for Bombay, with treasure. While at Bombay the Fury will undergo some necessary repairs, and may be expected to re• turn here in September next, to carry his Excellency the Gavernor of Japan on an important mission there with the Niew of opening a commercial communication. At Canton all has remained quiet. A little incident occurred which, at first sight, had an ugly appearance, but that wore away in the general puzzle as to what was really the subject -matter of dispute. On May 10 the officiating consul issued the following : Pt BUC Nonce—The provisional government having violated and set at naught the sth article in the treaty of Nanking, and baring sent a positive denial of reparation to the remonstrances and requi ,ltiona of the undersigned 11. B. )L's officiating oonsul at this port he is constrained to request that all British merchants hay' duties and tonnage dam to pay WO the Imperial MU , '" willw it h o kt the same pending the plewuro of H. M.'s plenipotentiary, to whom the point at lane ha:. been referred.—..l our W. Eurst.nr, H. M.'s (Midst . mg Consul.—Britab Consulate Canton, Maylo, 181$. It was vaguely evojectuved that the above had reference to a , rumoured ea.esubtohment of the system of the Co-Hong, abolished by clause 5 of the treaty. His excellency the governor took a different view of the matter, and scolded the officiating consul for gratuitously acting without the sanction of higher authority, when the notice was cancelled by the following Ptaiac Nor:ex.—ln eoneetpienoe in' instruction. from St. csmi• tency her Majesty's plenipotentiary, &c., he., the undersigned, her Britannic Majesty's officiating coma, Mat to request that British merchants at this port pay Into the imperial enstoms all legal dunes and tonnage. as heretofore.—Anur w. her Britannic Majesty's Officiating Comul.—British Consadat.? 01 Sm, 10 th May, 1848. Loud complaints hove been made at Hong. Kong against the conduct of the present acting chief justi:e, and the journals here are unanimous in denouncing his e:nduct on the bench as partial, and destructive to the independence necessary to the seat of judgment. Mr. Campbell, as the only remaining barrister, was appointed to act in Mr. Stirling's absence, and when Judge Holm. was suspended the acting attorney-general became acting chief justice- Mr. Stirling has returned, but Mr. Campbell refuses to yield precedence to his senior, and adjudicated in a case in which the chief magistrate was defendant, in an action brought by Messrs. D'Assiz and Pacheco for false imprisonment, re fusing to postpone the trial, notwithstanding tae fact of its being sworn that the principal witness for the plaintiff was sick, and impossible to be then removed. On the 11th inst. the daughter of General Stately, C.D., was married to Mr. Jackson, police magistrate at Singapore. SINGAPORE, JUNE S.—Alum - AL OF RAJAH Bu.:ous.—On the 20th H.K. s st., Meander, Capt. the Hon. H. Keppel, arrived with Rajah Brooke and staff, after a I passage of 93 days. Mr. Brooke landed incog., but on Mow day afternoon returned on board the frigate, and at 5 p.m. landed in state. Mr. Brooke proceeded to the residence of the governor, and will remain a guest there during his stay at Singapore, The Meander with the governor and lieu tenant of Labuan will not leave for the island for about a month, as the Meander is now undergoing repairs, and no preparations are completed at Labuan to receive the execu tive. The Queen's birthday, May 21, was kept up with much spirit by his honour the governor, who gave a ball and supper, but anticipated the event by a day, in consequence ' of the 24th (Wednesday) being the usual week-day service at the church. ara.,t.evu, LLAC • kCI.4/1 tat •V* 14•••• •,./ Chinese convicts escaped from the General Wood. After an investigation which lasted two days they were all found guilty, and sentence of death recorded against them, except ing four, on whom sentence of death was passed. Of these four, three were hanged on the morning of the 2Gth of May, the fourth being respited. The 23 convicts have been sentenced to transportation to Bombay, chiefly fer life. l'irates in and near the offing hays become as numerous and daring as at any time since the settlement has been • established. LABUAN.—lntelligeneo from this intended settle ment has ►een received, vid Singapore, to the 27th of April, at whirls date all remained in the same quiet state previously reported. The II C.'s steam-frigate, Auckland, was doing the duty of guard-ship. Reports were made of piratical prows infesting the neighbourhood, but nothing was seen of them from the steamer. Preparations were actively going on to carry out the plan of colonising the island. A large house was in course of erection in which to receive the governor, Rajah Brooke. The probable wants of intending settlers ap pear to be anticipated by the native traders. In the middle of April last a prow arrived at Labuan with about 70 head ol cattle, including several excellent ponies, the whole of which were bought up by Mr. Miles, the government coal contractor. A number of Borneose had applied for and obtained employ ment at the coal mines. On arrival of Rajah Brooke his honour will receive from Singapore a military guard of 200 sepoys belonging to the Madras Army, for whose accommo dation barracks or sepoy lines are in course of preparation. The plan of the fortfficatioes and barracks has been drawn by Major Faber, of the Madras Engineers, and an ex ecutive officer, Lieut. Sweet, 21st M.N.1., is about to pro ceed to Labuan to superintend the arrangements. No time appears to be loot in carrying out the preliminaries for coloni sation. A Labuan government office has been opened at Singapore. Atter the arrival of the English mail of April 24, the Hon. Company's steamer Phlegethon was to pro ceed to Labuan, to relieve the Auckland steam-frigate of the duties of guard-ship. By the Phlegethon, the surveyor general, Mr. Scott, and the master-attendant, Lieut. Hostin, Ft N., would embark for the scene of their future labours. The site of government house and of the town will also then be Sled upon. After the survey is completed the town allotments will be sold on leases for 99 years, and those in the country in perpetuity. The allotments will be sold by public auction at Singapore. No squ►tters, as at Hong- Kong, will be allowed, and no one will be permitted to put foot on shore until after the executive has published an official notification to that effect. Singapore has been taken as a model, and, like that commercial entrepZi, we believe, the intended port of Victoria will be unencumbered with duties or port charges of any kind. SARAWA.K.—Bome £0 PROPEL Preparations were in operation at the date of our last advice, (May 10) for entering on the sugar cultivation ; about 20,000 acres p land have been selected for the operations of the Eastern Archipelago Company. The Rev. Messrs. Macdoug.l and W right, church missionaries to Borneo, arrived at Singe pore, May 23, and would soon proceed to Sarawak, to com mence the labours of the mission. fan Court.. - The Countess of Churlemont left Osborne yesterday forenoon for town. Her ladyship has been suceeedet: as the lady in waiting to the Queen by the Viscountess Canning, who arrived at Osborne in the afternoon. The Duchess of Kent (attended by Lady Augusta Bruce, Sir G. Couper, and General the Hon. A. Upton) and the Duchess of Cambridge, honoured the performance at the Royal Italian Opera House yesterday evening with their presence. . _ _ 'he annual inspection of the corps of the Yeomen of the Guard in full uniform under arms, took place yester day in St. James's Palace by the Marquis of Donegal, captain of the corps. The other officers were also in at tendance. The Duke of Norfolk and the Earl of Wilton had interviews yesterday with Sir G. Grey. A deputation, consisting of Mr. G. R. Clarke, Mr. Steward, Mr. Lee, Mr. Meadows, and Mr. Stevenson, had an interview with the Comraissioners of Railways yesterday, at their office in the Board of Trade, respecting an applica tion for an extension of time made by the Manchester, Shef. field, and Lincolnshire Railway Company. (From lag night's Gazette.) FOREIGN-OFFICE, JULY 21.—The Queen has been pleased to approve of Don Francisco de Rivero, as Consul General in England for the Republic of Peru. DOWNING-STREET, JULY 25.—The Queen has been pleased to appoint John R. Partelow, Esq., to be Provincial Secretary, and Lemuel A. Wilmot, Esq , to be her Majesty's Attorney-General, for the province of New Brunswick. PROMOTION OF COLONISATION. —Last night a public meeting was held at the Mechanics' Institution, Chan cery-lane, " for the purpose of submitting to the pubic the plan of the Canadian Land and Railway Association, origi• noted by the working classes for their own benefit, with a view to the improvement of their social condition." Lord Ashley, M.P., was In the chair, supported by the Duke of Argyle, the Hon. A. Kinnaird, Mr. Miles, M.P., Mr. Hodge!, II P., the Earl of Harrowby, &c.—Mr. Campbell, the secretary, explained that the objects which the promoters had in view were, the purchase of large tracts of government land in New Brunswick, and the formation of a railway trom Halifax to Quebec, which would intersect the country to the extent of 600 miles, passing through a fertile country abound ing in magnificent timber, with extensive coal fields and other mineral properties lying uncultivated and useless, though now within the same distance from London as to time as Edinburgh and Dublin were in former days.—Mr. R. Mills moved the first resolution, which was as follows : . That under the heavy pressure of 'competition there is a large num ber of the working classes who cannot obtain employment—thousands who are but partially employed, and other. °retuned, but who can not obtain foe their labour a sufficiency of the necessaries of life, and therefore they become in many instances unwilling paupers—their ealldren remain ignorant, vicious, eriminsl, dangerous to society, and subversive of its institution.. This meeting therefor • declares its solemn conviction of the necessity of devising some means by which the working daises may obtain remuneration, employment for their skill, capital, and labour, and under a wall managed system of aro- Manna elevating their social condition, and thereby securing the peace andprosperity of the empire. Mr. Rowland Wyman seconded the resolution, which was supported by the Duke of Argyll, who said it was a moq difficult thing to get the working classes to associate together for their own benefit and improvement. Ile f the duke) ' could say that there were large number, of the upper classes of society who were afraid to assist, fearful that the working classes ° might prematurely withdraw their money from the savings banks and lose it. He, how ever, did not fear that a well organised system of association to colonise would be of great service, not only to those who associated, but to those who did not —The Earl of Harrowby also supported the motion, which was carried. Immediately that the Chairman declared the resolution carried, a scene of uproar ensued, occasioned by Capt. Ac kerley, who persisted in proposing an ameniment,which the Chairmau put, along with a resolution in favour of the as sociation, bat the precise nature of which we could not learn, when the latter was carried by a large majority.—Mr. Ed monds, a working man, moved the next resolution, which generally expressed the opinion of the meeting in favour of an association of working men, founded upon Royal charter, to promote emigration and colonisation ; which was carried, and the meeting, which towards the end became extremely noisy, separated. INQUEST, YESTERDAY. TIIE ACCIDENT AT Pt INEY-BElDOE.—Befors Mr. G. 1. Mills, at the Swan, Fulham bridge, upon the bodies of F. T. Walters, aged 20, and G. Paradise, aged 21, the two young men who lost their lives by the upsetting of a small skill on Sunday. The bodies of Mary Ann Render and Catherine Allen, who were also drowned, had, since the convening of the inquest, Teen found locked in each other's arms on the Surrey side of the river.— Several witnesses were examined as te the cause of the acci dent, but none of them added anything more than has already appeared, and that it was purely accidental. The father of the deceased Walters, a paper hanger, identified the body of his son, and stated he was his apprentice; the mother of the deceased Paradise identified her son, and stated he was a shopman to Mr. Hall, an oil and colour man, in Chelsea. The deceased Walters could swim and had been used to the water, but the other could not. There appeared to be no doubt that the state of the weather and the sudden fright of the females by jumping up caused the lamentable catastrophe.—The jury returned a verdict of Accidental death from drowning. IRELAND. Dumas, The excitement caused by the intelligenc? Jets' 0f 24. the suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act has had a roost crushing effect upon the clubs. No sooner was it known that the measure would be introduced than confusion seemed to seize upon them. One enthusi astic young clubbist having called on Saturday morning to take cut cards of admission for two friends, was told by the secretary that the books were all removed, and advised that he should in future for his safety sake refrain from approaching the sus pected doors. The general secretary of the cen tral club organisation has left town ; so have most, if not all, the presidents 1114 other officers. Many of the prominent members have also gone to visit their friends in the provinces, it is said (and probably with some truth) that among the missing this morning were several enthusiastic shop men. Notwithstanding this separation of the clubs— for it has been formally intimated to the members that they shall not again assemble in their club-rooms— the members will not, it is said, surrender their arms. These must be taken by a general and scrutinising search, which will certainly be made, the more easily as it is said the police know all the members of those bodies. The Ileyast Vindicator gives a flourishing account of the five Belfast clubs. The same authority states that the organisation goes en in the counties of Down, Monaghan, Tyrone, and Cavan. In Connaught also —nay, even in perishing Mayo—they have their clubs. A new society, on a new plan, is about to be established in Galway. It is called the " Faugh-a- Ballaugh," and no man is admissible who does not present himself with arms. Galway had as well keep clear of the proclaiming power. The suspension of the Habeas Corpus has excited Clonmel to an unwonted degree. On hearing the news yesterday, the J o hn Mit c h e ll, the crack" club of 'firinerarv. was suddenly cslhd to T 1... dangerous courses. Lectures were delivered fromthe altar at the several masses, though, I believe, with little effect. I have heard that Dean Burke was hooted in the chapel when commencing to address words of peace to the deluded. At the opening of the commission for the South Riding, on Saturday, Baron Richards addressed some very strong and feelicg observations in the Cloning Court-house to the organisms and abettors of clubs. He spoke to them as "a friend and fellow-subject rather than as a judge." Ile told them of the cer tain destruction that awaited them, should they per sist in an organisation at variance with the peaceable progress of society. No matter what the aim or object of the clubs might be—bethey loyal or disloyal—innocent eg criminal—the certain result would be to involve their advocates and supporters in guilt. His language appeared to prorluce a deep impression, although next day the clubs were all in active motion and" talked " warlike. A newsvender in Carlow was held to bail on Satur day for selling the Nation and /Won. Messrs. Holmes, Butt, Q.C., Sir C. O'Loughlin, J. O'llagan, and Fergusson, are to defend the Green street prisoners at the ensuing commission Paisom r---- - ...REPARATIONS.—Pftp&TatiOIII upon a wale com with the necessities of the time are making, to render available the prison accommodation of the country, and to insure the safety of the prisons themselves from externrl or other operations. The building in the Phconixpark, c►lled blountjoy Barracks, is being fitted up with hammocks and other accommodations for a considerable number of in mates, and rumour has it that it is intended for the safe cus tody of our expected political prisoners. A =lifter) cordon will be drawn around the barracks. which, together with the strength of its position, and a good garrison, will, it is sup posed, - ensure its inviolability. The boards of superintend • ence of the ordinary prisons of Dublin, Newg.ite, Richmond, and Smithfield, meet together to-morrow, by special invita tion of the authorities, to consult for the safety of the pri sons, as well u for augmenting the accommodation they afford. Arrangements will be made for accommodating within each a considerable number of troops, and the gates and such portions of the walls as may present easier access, will be defended by barricades. MR. J. O'CONNELL TO IRE I'EOFLE OF IRELAND. Oore of Cork, July 22, 1843, Beloved Fellow-Countrereen—Two parties are in the field LAl:owing for the ruin and total overthrow of your muse—the goeernment and the Young Irelanders! The eh:smelts:l breath, for the thirtieth time, of solemn engagements-the prompt and ready infliction of severities —the grudging tat ditiess and ceantinetut of the prerools of relief—the subsequent most insultine abantionne at of the latter while the former are vigorously put and kept in operation—the hideous demorali sation of the he-and-perturysaborniug epy-system, and the most in famous packing of juries—theca are the disgraceful means by which your English opponents are working to defeat you. The Young leelanders make rise of ether and, alas! still more efficacious means of baffling and ruining the hopes of their unhappy country—more efficacious, alas! because the patriotic devotion and t ntbusiasm by which some tattooed them are really ar • tooted, while all of them proles, and assume so lobe, blinds the judg ments of the multitude, and Caner. there unthinkingly to follow and to engage in en agitation that had its origin in wretched jealousies and haternese, ha s beam marked through by miserable (noon ststendes, •mprudences, reckless calumnies, criminal follies, and pitiable natures, and cannot but end an the moot deplorable disaster. It is time, beloved tellow-countrymen, Co speak out. We forbore because that so many misguided pincer, enthe- Rieke were in the Young Ireland ranks, whom there was hope of bringing back by reasoning. But at this dangerous mo. meat It is absolutely imperative, for the sake of the muse, for that of the people, nay, for that of the me ver y m i sgu id e ,' enthusiasts themselves, to speak out, and denounce and pew up to execration this mad and crimiral policy, which is giving Eng la nd eery adrantage, is affording her ready tyranny • pretext, and is en dangering, and likely still more to endanger, everything that you reed dear in Ireland. I warn you against it, fellow -countrymen-1 warn you against it and its promoters. I implore if, happily, the comparatively few amongst you who nave in any way pined them to leave them and their projects and devices to themselves. Shun these elute with their childishly useless, if not childishly mischievous, ores. nieiLoO—their sections, their divisions, their doughty vice-presi dents and presidents, and (oh, cunnin g d se i ce !) their " r Ludo rs Do not risk imprisonment, Like the poor een the other day in Dublin, and consequent wretchedness to polar families, for the sake of learning the goose stop" in drillings on a loft, or prac tising it in reviews and mock military parade. in gentlemen'. Therein much to say upon the tulle that have been made to you " to be prepared"— calls of which —(paseing their unexplained objects and ultimate intentlonl—thla may be remarked, that they are at least quite as much full and obliging noticens to the government as to you. for obvious reasons I cannot dwell tin this point just now ; and will dismiss it with the single remark, that the purpose of trighteniag England, by the Collection of a tow fowling pica" rusty notiaketa, and unwieldy pokes, is about as hopeful as the exhibition of ugly faces, painted on war shields, which was an expedient resorted to for the same purpose by the Chinese on the late war, and one very easy of adoption by our "earnest men" here at home. Fellow.countrymen, I cannot advire you to join what is called the "Irish League." It is, I fear, little other than "a mockery. • delusion, and a mare I" It is a " mockery," for how can there be red union bet teen us and the men who, after doing their utmost outside to spread the wildest doctrine% shall go Into the " League "to protest their love for " constitutional " agitation It is a delusion,"—for of what avail coed such a body prove without the power to control and direct the dabs, with all their Intended ramdications ; and this power, without which the popular movement will be worse divided than ever yet it has been, in distinctly die. claimed ! Again, the " League "is a snare—at tenet so it will prove to all who ever regarded the doctrines of O'Connell—for they will be led on (and that right speedily too) into a mischief against which they will vainly protest when it is too late. Or, at best, they will be kept from forwarding the policy to which they have been so long ottashed • and will be condemned to a humiliating and a diamitroutt Mae: Lion. The association Daniel O'Connell founded is not dead. It shall not die by its own act, at least. The people shall deliberately. advisedly, and of their own full and tree will, put an end to it, if it is to die. Otherwise it shall proceed alter its recumptice of sluing% (early, I hope, an August), and wen lung on the same glorious pets/e -pics whereby emancipation and all that yet has been woe of trials rights were achieved, it shall accomplieh epeodily, certainly, and tel.. umphantly, the crowning measure of all in the repeal of the locurac I union. lellow-oountrymen, assist us! We will lead you into sas ecitianig no er. We will ved betrey . you into ro a. crne. w a , "i wile, • hu•band, • father, a brother,. I a eon, lost to ' them by rein on of our legislation ! Our cause is strung :13 the 'eons , — or its jusitice. It la the moue et taut, iteol—aud, Lao tie lit, it is powerful, and shall prevail ! Let us but eretare the' biOPMFJ/ of heaven upon us, by shunning all that favours cf bloodshed, riche beg, and crime, and that just, that rightful, that reoriuus cause aeon suc ceed ! At such a time as this, when the hundatierd of em pints would seem to be broken up, and society abroad is rent and ton by • convulsion that stirs with ominous heaving do yet unbroken be t tur bid water. here at home, it is more than ever the inure's. of .gland to be just—to coodhate in time the Irish people—anti thus 'to knit and tie those silken bonds of affection and mu nal neceeity bete cen the two countries that will endure when the iron chain* of 'ergot/ ,lost hod and map wangler. Let us butooce more prove to her that wee re lit to appreciate and enjoy rational liberty; and' hat society, prop rte, and the throne itself, could have no more devoted upholde-T thous us: For the sake of her mighty empire abroad, and tor the tau, oral safety of every class and order among her people at home, she IV .11, u tho press of her now thickly coming difficultio% farrier. and dr +acetic, at last abandon her unworthy jealousies and her miserable prejudices grasp the hand of fast and devoted friendship that we exav ad to her, and give us hock the means of assisting her, as wet as .ing and be. Datong ourselves by the restoration of our own attire p srliament.- 1 run, behaved felluw-countrymen, eau bumble, but most devoted servant, Jour O'Cor our. PROVINCIAL. LANC.ASIIIRE. _ THE LIVERPOOL — BOROUGH BA:M.—Yesterday, the twelfth annual meeting of the shareholders in this bank was held at the Clarendon Rooms,. in Liverpool.—William Pennington, Esu., chairman of the board of directors, occu pied the chair, and there was a largo body of the proprietary present.—The report, which was read by Mr. W. Crow., the manager, began by referring to the em barrassments of the past year, unparstleled, it said, in the commercial history of the country ; and announced that in fulfilment of the hope held out at the last meeting the directors were now able consistently to pay a small dividend. The profits of the put year, alter payment of ail expenses, amount to 48,1681. 15s. Bd., to which was 'to be added a b►lance to the credit of premium on new shares, making altogether 43,7411. Os. Bd. From this was to be deducted the Foams and bad debts dur ing the past year estimated at 38,0994. I2s. 7d., leaving a balance of 10,6441. Se. Id., out of which the directors pro posed to pay a dividend of 2 per cent. on the p, id-up capital of 498,1201.—Mr. 8. Johnston moved the adoption of the report, which was seconded by Mr. Chopper, and unari mously carried. The three retiring directors were then re elected, and the meeting adjourned. MURDER AT NIANCTLESTER.—Yesterday an open and deliberate murder was committed at Manchester. A small-ware weaver, named WlLiam Adams, living in Grey's court, Lamb-lane, Salford, had married the daughter of an old man in Oldham-street, Manchester, named Clan, about bad ors pen. ; for Pro.