The Express. — London, England, 1847-10-09 00:00:00

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IS AY. pint 11. ?i•BMMw—B.iw, 13 WA. Mg . M~ •M!'= LONDON, SATURDAY, OCT. 9. THE Quarterly Review has fallen into the unfor tunate vein of finding fault with everything that the world is doing, with every step that the world is taking. What we call progress, it calls retrocession. Even the bending of the choice spirits of its own party before the mighty and resistless currant of opinion, it stigmatises as treason and denounces as weakness and folly. Does not the probability occur to it of one mind being more likely to err than a multi tude? All these changes in law, in policy, in opinion, are the result, not of speculative theory, but of wants and of grievances, which these changes seek to supply or to remedy. To argue sanely, these wants must be seen and admitted, and some abler mode of meeting them than the progressive one adopted, should be pointed out. Take, for example, the Jews, and the question of their admission to full political and civil rights. There is scarcely a state in Europe that does not feel the existence of the Jews in the midst of its popula tion, shut out from common rights and national interests, to be a very serious evil. It is the neutral ising for great national purposes, of the power, the wealth, the i ntellect , and experience of a large body of citizens, possessing these in an eminent degree. AU governments are, therefore, striving to enrol the Jews with the rest of their population, so as to en joy the advantages of their concurrence and citizenship. This is the case in hyper-catholic Austria, as under the zealously protestant government of Prussia. Those two countries, which represent the two opposite poles of political theory—the absolute and the free—are alike desirous of making the Jews one with the rest of the population. This doesnot proceed merely from love of the Jewish creed or race, but from necessity. We have in the midst of our great commercial cities numbers of the laraelitish persuasion, wealthy, power ful, possessed sf electoral and other rights. It is highly dangerous and pernicious that they should be excluded from the pale of our political and social system, and left to exercise their power and rights, of course in hostility to the system which excludes them. The Emperor of RUSSIA sees equally the danger of leaving masses of men, like the Jews, ex cluded from his system, and he is determined to absorb them. Each country and government goes to work after its fashion ; the Czar with ukases, Lord JOHN RUSSELL with the removal of disabilities. The Czar ordered some years ago that the Jews, like his other subjects, should become soldiers. He has now ordained that they shall be citizens, and shall join some guild or corporation of citizens, instead of form ing a political, as well as a religious, sect apart. We doubt the success of absolutism in thus sweeping away distinctions which freedom and tolerance can alone remove. Bat the Czar is but seeking to remedy in his way the same species of evil and of danger which we labour to remedy in our way. Were we addressing the public at large, these are not the grounds on which we should propose the political emancipation of the Jews. We would appeal to higher and nobler feelings, to the great and Christian principles of tolerance and justice. But in meeting the objections of the old tory school of church and state, we merely explain that ministers are not embarking upon a stream of gratuitous phi lanthropy,but are compelled to deal, one way or other, with a question that forces itself upon them.] (And that question is, are they, the disciples of religious tolerance, to fling back the wealthy and enlightened Jews, who mingle in all classes of oar society, upper and middle—are they to fling these Jews into a moral Ghetto, and make their feelings rankle, and their every effort be directed against that country and that government, which so treat them ? Even the Quarterly Reviewer cannot but admit the , danger and inexpediency of this. But in admitting the danger of exclusion, he may argue the still greater danger of admitting the Jew to the highest political rights. Christianity, it may be said, and the interests of the church, are threatened by the admission of a few members to parliament belong ing to a sect which forbids proselytism, which prides itself on entertaining an exclusive and traditional Greed, and what is more a curious and singular phe nomenon, necessary too for the fulfilment of a pro phecy, than aught menacing to, or disturbant of, the great and expanding religions and churches of oar time. It is one of the exaggerations of the middle ages . to consider the Jews as the great foes to Chris tianity, of which their existence is, on the contrary, an appendage. But foes or not, far from making them more dangerous we make them less so by assimi lating and absorbing them in the dense mass of a Christian population. The Quarterly Reviewer, and those who reason hire him, consider Christianity and Protestantism as infant and weak opinions, which require tutelage, and protection, and support, which demand to be kept apart and fenced around, and which it is dangerous to allow to go forth into the open field of life, lest they should contract contagion, or be run over by some sudden and stronger opinion. We mast confess that we entertain none of these fears. We look upon neither Christianity nor Protestantism as children, but as full-grown, stout, self-subsistent opinions, fully able to make their own way, exert their own strength, repel hostility, de tect treachery, and come off victorious even in jostling a foe. There was a time, indeed—a good old tory time—when the church, it was thought, could not stand or walk, ex cept when leaning on the arm of the state. This very belief and prescription made the church a cripple. It has now learned to stand, like its brethren, more on its own legs; and the result has been, that the church has not only waxed strohg,. but formidable, by borrowing the self-reliant principle of its rivals. The idea of the great fraternity of Christian churches being at the present time of day in danger from Judaism is something too preposterous to need serious refutation. The shipowners, in their outcry for protection, are especially unlucky, for they have not only the free traders, but a large portion of their fellow protec tionists for opponents. Nobody can form a notion of a protectionist, likely to give up any of the good things that are going, to eke out the pittance of a brother protectionist, who laments that his share of the plunder is a small one. It will not be denied that the Navigation Laws are upheld by shipowners because they make freights dear. And dear freights can be of no advantage to the British manufacturers, who are competing with all the world abroad, and with no small world of our own at home. Let us take cottons, silks, or even linen wares, which are all, or, in great part, constructed of foreign raw materials, worked up with English capital and English skill. Are these manufactures protected by the navigation laws ? How then will the demand to uphold these laws be met by any party in the house ? Railroads require ships to feed them, and to be fed by them—witness Birkenhead and the very judicious alliance proposed between the promoters of the carrying trade on shore, and its promoters on the water. Even agriculturists speculate on cheap con veyance of produce, and it forms one of the numerous antidotes which purveyors of consolation administer to hypochondriacal patients from corn-law repeal. But before it can reach theircsse —before Irish, Scotch, or Welsh rents can augment from cheaper carriage:of corn and cattle, the navigation laws must be cot off root and branch. Not only must our foreign trade be thrown open, our coasts must also allow competition to throng their harbours. If we are not misinformed, there is lees difference between Irish and American freights than many of our readers perhaps ima gine. It is, no doubt, vastly convenient for a shipowner to keep on an old vessel marked E 2 in "Lloyd's List" for years at the risk of life and limb to the crew, and at the cost of heav y insurance to his customer. But he will ask you how collet he else afford to stand a contested election in the conservative cause —a cause as dear to his purse as to his heart ? If, however, as Sir R. Pen and Lewd &mu' tell their tenants, and as we firmly believe is practicable (not without many u doubts i to the wis dom of the scheme), England s able to bid defiance to foreign supplies by the abundance and cheapness of her own produce, it will certainly be necessary to provide cheap modes ; of conveyance; and for the farmer none are so essential as cheap means of shipping. But, it will be said, your cheap shipping will bring in the foreigner's goods to compete with us in our own market. For this argument, if it were even worth anything on another score, we fear it is too late. Manufactures of all kinds are allowed to enter at a fixed duty, which it will not be easy to raise. Bat the freight paid forms • very small pa-tentage on the cost of production. It is only where profits are fiee-drawn and goods bulky, as in the farmer's case, that such an addition is of consequence. If our manufacturing supremacy be well founded, and be not trifled with, not only will it suffer no thing from cheap freights, but, inasmuch as they tell both ways, it will not be much to the credit of our merchants if they do not make them act to their advantage. In short, when the torn and tattered standard of protection is once more hoisted, we are very desirous to know what interests will rally round it. .---- Taking the broad view of the question, the problem solves itself than. As all the advantages granted by the abalition of restrictions on navigation are reci procal, how do we stand against the world in the race for profit which we thus open ? The last number of the Edinburgh Berle e gives as a succinct statement of statistical comparisons. which we hero use. The commercial navy of the Baltic and the German Ocean, including Holland, does not together amount to one-fifth of the tonnage of England. France has vessels measuring about one-sixth of our tonnage. The United States com mercial shipping engaged in foreign trade is nearly equal to one-thud of the British shipping. Is it not fair to ask, if the first effect of the change be to the profit of shipowners arising from increased baffle, who is in a condition to profit most by it—other nations or ourselves ? To suppose that the removal of restrictions would depress the shipping interest, is to go against the stream of all experience. But were that the result of giving up these laws, would not foreigners, who have so many demands for capital in other branches of industry, be the first to abandon the losing trade ? If, on the contrary, more ships are required, who is in a condi tion like ourselves to build new ones? The same article furnishes an argument that must effectually deprive the shipowners of the alliance and support of the ship-builders. In reply to the supposed advan tages enjoyed by foreigners for ship-building, an enumeration is given of the vessels built is English and in colonial dockyards. It is not easy to mention an 'Avant/ige enjoyed in the Baltic or in the Mediterranean that is not shared by some one of our numerous colonies, which have also the command of English capital and of English artificers ; and yet do they monopolise ship-building ? We see they do not. Our registered shipping on Ist Jan., 1847, was 24,002 vessels, measuring 3,148,323 tons, of which only 1,727 of 548,827 tons were built in North American colonies. 99 of 53,964 „ „ British India. 11 of 1,344 „ „ West Indies. lof 379 „ „ Mauritius. lof 143 „ „ New South Wales. 1,639 colonial built in all. Let it, too, be remembered that the maintenance of these laws, now so universally denounced as a national grievance, will cause them to be adopted as a measure of reprisals by Prussia and other states that have hitherto rejected the principle; and thus the orders which our engineers have hitherto been accustomed to receive from those countries will stop. How many British-built vessels now ply on the Rhine and in the Baltic Sea, where, if we insist upon insulting our neighbours with indefensible preferences, they will assuredly be prohibited ? Should we, under similar circumstances, tolerate foreign vessels on our waste ? We must repeat our curiosity as to the support which shipowners reckon upon in or out of parlia ment, if they meditate seriously opposing a measure alike called for by the interests of trade and of humanity—a measure more than any other calculated to subdue the barbarous tendencies of uncontrolled ambition, and to open a sphere of activity that must satisfy the most daring spirit of adventure. EVIDENCES that landowners are beginning to apply common sense views to the management of landed property multiply around us with great rapidity. All seem to be earnest in their desire to improve their estates, but amongst much that is sound and intelli gent, we are condemned to hear a good deal of a dif ferent character. Too often some favourite theory is pushed to an extreme, and uniformity is sometime. sought to be enforced at the expense of real utility. Upon the whole, however, what may be called the public opinion of the landowning class, in relation to landed property, has of late assumed a wholesome and practical aspect. The October number of the Westminater and Fo- reign Quarterly Reties°, just published, contains an excellent article on the ' Improvement of Landed Property," which may be cited in illustra tion of this remark. The writer is plainly a bad owner, and the value of the views he has announced of the conditions under which agricultural law fa England must be improved, is increased by the shrewd and practical knowledge of husbandry hie paper dis closes. The ostensible object is to review Mr. LETTON COOKE'S work on the value of landed pro perty, and Mr. BANYIELD'B " Four Lectures on the organization of industry," delivered before the Uni versity of Cambridge in IMO. The reviewer fally admits the backward condition of agriculture over great part of the surface of the United Kingdom, as compared with the advances made in other branches of industry ; and dwells on the ad vantage to be derived from growing on our own soil the extra quantity of grain we obviously require over that of importation. This is not to be produced by any artificial stimulus to agriculture, such as was attempted by the corn-laws,but by forcing us so to im prove our rural affairs as to enable us to grow the required supply at a cheaper rate than we can import it. In this there is really no difficulty. "This is to be done, not " says the reviewer, " by the general breaking up of pasture, as is sometimes hastily called for, but by a more skilful and economical cultivation of the land actually under tillage ; " and he fairly mug geds that in increasing the breadth of tillage by the breaking up of grass land, the circumstances that til lage land requires . more capital, and that capital I. wanting to the majority of farmers, must not be lost' sight of. He truly says that " the land will require skill and capital beyond that which has usually been applied to it ; and judgment is indispensable in the selection of the agent who is to frame the covenant between the landlord and tenant in the altered cir cumstances in which the latter may hereafter be placed." The reviewer then enters somewhat fully into the question of what proportion of the pro duce is due to the landlord, and refers to the definitions of rent adopted by RICARDO, VCULLOCII, MALTHUS, and other economists, preferring, with Mr. BANPIELD, the earlier definition of ADAM SMITH, that rent is what the occupier "finds it worth while to pay for the use of land." For practical purposes, this is amply sufficient, and for the business of hus bandry is far more aocurate than the more analytical definitions of later economists. So the laboured at tempts of Mr. Cooxz to define what is the proper rate of profit on agricultural capital, are shown to lead to nothing but confusion and error. The truth is, that the profit made by farmers on the capital they employ, varies so much with the circumstances under I which they hold their farms, or with the means eL the tenants as compared with the extent of their farms, or with their skill and enterprise, that no dr finite rule can be obtained, however comfortable gosh a rule might warn to be to land agents and valuers. Competition amongst farmers has, indeed, raisedrents to the highest rate the land will bear, aooordlog to the prevailing systems of management and teensea That rents in England may be greatly increased, es well as farm produce, we believe; but such a champ must be accomplished by an alteration of the mutton 1 of the owners, as well as those of the tenants of the soil. That all this is in coarse of being worked out, we believe, and, in the main, sa • 1 1 On a subject which hr engaged the attention et I landlords a good deal, eassaly, the letting cotters directly to farm laboursee se with Go &rm, the se. viewer writes with musk sem god ilisehntealkm. He alga— l!' it is the duty of landlords to provide fit habitations for the population required for the cultivation of their estates, it •, • •, THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 9, 1847. is but right that the hawser who manage., and is responsible kr that cultivation, should be enabled te choose by what la bourites it &alike maks' on: HS kf: Di of this right daisies title ostitsiphlatmapsesa h am , or e *lsm whip within a rasamiabla of i t , an co. bypasses awake:or oats ft be employed by him. Yet thin sass asoslderaids dilatable liken aura when this armagenasiat has bass made it h of .aa avail ill 170704110ing its raissa r whieb is to lodes the labourer near the ::71tairi d daily tell. It does perversely happen that muter and an part mar my on some difference about quality of work or monist Owasso. The latter seek, a new employer, the fanner mew smother workman, and this last, instead of labouring is the hassoilats neighbourhood of his own dwelling, Ma is preened one, two, three, or even more miles daily to the platy of kis work. For, in point of fact, the farmer does not eject an ordinary labourer for slight reams. He dismisses him, or is left by him, at a week's radix ; but the cottage, though nominally held at a weekly rent, and particularly if a garden is attached to it, is of necessity a yearly tenancy ; and one, therefore, which can for the most part only be put an end to by a six months' notice, given at a particular time of the year. It is not easy to say how this anomaly is to be corrected. That the farmer should have the control of all the cottages on his farm is certain, and the practice in Scotland, where each farm is far better provided with labourers' dwellings than English farms are, proves the advantage of the system. But in England both labourers and farmers have something to learn in the way of fairness and forbearance towards each other, though we think the initiative lies with the farmer, as the more intelligent and more powerful of the two garde'. We have seen the best effects arise from constantly keeping the same labourers throughout the year in a district, where it is too much the practice with the farmer to discharge his labourers as soon as the busiest seasons have passed by, and for the labourer to demand extreme wages at moments when he knows his place could not be supplied. When the labourer feels that his service is permanent, he seldom, even in such demoralised districts, deals unfairly to wards his master. Still, in the matter of cottages much control must be left in the hands of the farmers. The reviewer on this point adds : Free trade in labour may indeed be abused, and to the detriment of both parties. The labourer may compel the farmer extravagantly to increase his wags in the summer, the latter may unfeelingly dismiss him in the winter ; but such a mischievous state of things would surely invite the immediate invention and application of machinery . to agri culture, to a degree far beyond what is prudent Just yet. The capitalist who has embarked his money in agriculture has the same motive as the manufacturer for superseding human labour by engines; not from their economy only, or even principally, but to free himself from a dictation or a desertion which he feels to be intolerable. This would un doubtedly be a serious evil. Machinery expressly invented for the purpose of dispensing with the services of trouble some men could scarcely fail of producing a real surplus of unemployed population, wherever it was adopted. For agriculturalindustry, less elastic and buoyant than her manufacturing sister, cannot employ and support at a short warning the same number of persons that the latter is capable of making room for in prosperous times. Although, then, we are partial to the introduction of all machinery that tends to diminish the extreme severity of human exertion, and to substitute metallic for muscular effort, it is yet desirable that even this should be gradual. - - Cottage property is always a bad one, and few per sons willingly expend 701. or 801. in the erection of labourers' cottages in rural districts. This will always render the rent of such cottages high, which can only be corrected by landowners taking upon themselves to build labourers' dwellings. After adverting to a comparison of wages in agri culture in past and present times, and which the reviewer believes is not disadvantageous to the pre sent day, and to the mode in which surveyors esti mate the value of farm-houses and buildings, he thus refers to the valuations which, by the " custom of the country," in some counties take place between an out-going and an in-coming tenant : Mr. Cooke is neither new nor singular in his disapproval of these customs. Nearly twenty years ago, Messrs. Ken nedy and Granger, in their " Present State of the Tenancy of Land in Great Britain " (1828), clearly exposed their per nicious effects in those counties into which they had crept ; and every one conversant with their practical operation, and with the essentials of good husbandry, will confirm this statement. Nothing can be more demoralising than the con tinuance of the custom. The outgoing tenant is careless about the execution of operations of which he is to reap the benefit, not according to the skill and judgment with which they bare been performed, but according to the number of items be can impress into his bill of costs. The ploughings may have been executed on clay land when sodden with wet, the harrow may have been used at an equally unpropitious period, the manure, instead of farmyard dung, may be mere cleansings of ditches, full of weeds and seeds, all in short of a totally' different character from that which he would have used in preparations for a crop for himself. No matter, the incoming tenant is to pay blindfold, according to a valuation to be settled by two valuers, that is, two farmers of the dis trict ; one, of course, the friend of the ontimer ; both inter ested in keeping up the practice and swelling the payable amount, by which they may one day hope to benefit them selves on quitting their own occupations. . - There is much truth in this, though the writer afterwards throws more doubt on the veracity of out-going farmers and their labourers than is just or true. The truth is, that these customs require to be rectified by some general measure of tenant-right, to which, however, the writer strenuously objects. Into that question we will not now enter. 'With the writer's preference for fixed money rents over corn rents we entirely agree, but we think him mistaken in supposing it likely that English landlords may " become themselves occupiers of large portions of their estates" with the object of path. That a class of men of higher position and education than the general race of farmers at present will by and by undertake husbandry as an avocation, we believe ; but it will be as tenants farming on their own account under long and rational leases, not as directors or superintendents of a large landlord. occupier. That a practical knowledge of the business of farming on the part of landlords would be most beneficial to their tenant', we, with the reviewer, agree, and that it would probably bring about an abatement of the same nuisance is most certain. On this question the writer says: Such a movement, which is, in fact, the practice of the landed proprietary in Poland, Hungary, and Russia, would hare the effect of opening the eyes of our country gentlemen to the real exigencies of their position, and afford a practical solution to many most important points, like the tenant right and game question, now in dispute, after a little prac tical acquaintance with their working had been acquired by the squire —the game abuse especially. We have no ill will against either rabbit or hare ; both ere admissible in their proper places—the one in a curry, the other as a r6ti, for which they may be reared and fed in distant warrens and wastes, such as much of this kingdom is well fitted to be, and remain ; but far away from corn-growing districts, as neighbours or visitors to which last, when well cultivated, they should not be endured. Sir Robert Peel, who is seldom much in advance of his age or his company, told his agricultural admirers, even before be abandoned protection, that rabbits he would annihilate, and decimate even their long-eared congeners. It is to be wished his example, if he has acted up to his precept, may have weight in the midland counties, where, God knows, it is much wanted. The country gentleman, if he really took to farming in an ex tensive way, as a business for profit, besides getting rid of the urgent importunities of impoverished tenants for reduc tions of rent and destruction of game, would become a bene factor to his estate and to the population connected with it. , He would derive from it occupation, e remise, and recrea tion, far more inatructive, healthful, and constant, than that ' which the fleeting sports of the field (which we by no means wish him to abandon) now afford him during a few months only of the year. There is a purpose and vigour in this article which render it a useful contribution to the solution of the great question of the day, the improvement of landed property. And it may be usefully read by both tenants and landlords, as very ably expressing the landowners' view of the question. The following appeared in part of our last even ing's impression : The Madrid mails, with the journals and cor respondence of the 2nd, have arrived in duo course, but their contents sink into absolute insignificance before the announcement of the telegraphic des patch given below. The wand of the harlequin of the palace has waved, and lo ! the scene and the characters of the pantomime of the cabinet have undergone a magical transformation. MM. Salamanca, &WOMB, and .company, have suddenly disappeared ; a cloud hes closed round the person of Mr. Bulwer ; and Narvaez, with his train, is discovered in posaession of the stage ; Louis Philippe and Queen Christina are seen to smile with approbation in the distance, and grand crosses glitter in the eyes of the Duke of Glacksberg. The following is the composition of the now ministry, the account of which appeared in part only of oar impression of yesterday President of the Council and Minister for Foreign Affairs, General Narvaez. Minister of the Interior, M. Sartoriva. Minister of Finance, M. Orlando. Minister of Public Instruction, M. Roe de Olano. Minister of War, M. Cordova. The royal ordonnance, which constitutes this new cabinet, appeared in the Gazette on the 4th, and will consequently not arrive by the regular mail in Lon don until the 10th. Meanwhile, however, further news may be looked for by the telegraph, or by ex traordinary couriers. The telegraphic despatch concludes with the words: " Madrid remains perfectly tranquil." It has been observed of late that the moderado journals have softened the tone of their allusions to General Serrano in a remarkable manner, and have even made some complimentary references to his past career. The Prem., the Paris organ of the Ildtel Courcelles, has broadly hinted at a new influence which seemed likely to be established in the salons of the palace. The individual signified under this ab stract phrase is a certain Colonel Ganders, the exclu lion of whom, it is now insinuated, is the price at which General Serrano has sold himself to General Names. If any political phenomenon developed in the at mosphere of Madrid could produce surprise, this would have done so at the present moment. But where cabinets are formed and dissolved by the shift ing fancies of love-sick ladies and intriguing favourites —where parliaments are superseded and the consti tution sported with according to the convenience of the minister of the day, nothing which occurs ought to be unexpected. It appears that two extraordinary couriers arrived on the evening of Tuesday, with despatches giving fuller details of the news announced by telegraph, one to Queen Christina, and the other to M. Guizot. The Queen Dowager repaired immediately to St. Cloud, where she met M. Guizot, and had a long conference with Louis Philippe and the minister, after which an extraordinary courier was despatched to Madrid. It is said that the pre sent event was so little expected that General Narvaez was preparing to leave Madrid for Paris at the mo ment when he received a summons from the palace to attend the Queen. Several addresses to the Queen, thanking her for the amnesty and for nominating General Espartero a senator, had been received, one of which was entrusted to Generals Serrano and Iriarte and M. Cantero to present. A deputation from the cotton manufacturers had left Barcelona, to remonstrate against the pro posed alterations in the tariff. The Paris journals of Thursday, and our usual cor respondence have reached us. The intelligence of the departure of the French fleet from Naples, is confirmed. The fleet, consisting of five ships of the line and a frigate, sailed early in the morning of the 29th, with the purpose of coasting along Italy to Turin, touching at the chief Italian ports. It had orders to arrive at Toulon against the 20th inst. The steamer Descartes sailed on the 27th for Ancona and Venice, and the Magellan for Leghorn and Genoa, each with orders to rejoin the squadron before the end of the present month. Marshal Count Molitor is appointed Governor of the Invalides. The Prince de Joinville left Paris on Thursday morning, for Toulon, to resume the com mand of the squadron. La Presse says that M. Cunin Gridaine resigns the ministry of agriculture and commerce, and will be succeeded by M. Meret de Bord. This move has been long expected. The Pope has appointed the Archbishop of Paris a count of the Holy Roman Empire. Further advices from Italy confirm the most im portant reports which we have already given from Naples, especially the facts of General Nunziante hav ing been wounded and of the defeat of the royal troepe at Campo-Basso. The official Gazette of Lucca says that " the situation of Naples becomes more and more grave." The royal family are in the greatest state of anxiety. The Pallade (a Roman journal) affinus that notwithstanding the forces sent from Naples into the in terior, the Abruzzi are in a stateof general insurrection The armed population occupy all the defiles of the mountains. lerrano has joined the insurrection, and it was expected that Acquila would immediately adopt the same course. Measures, which seem frantic, are adopted by the government to intercept the transmission of intelligence between the provinces and the capital. The ordinary crews of the steamers have been removed, and these vessels are worked by agents of the police ! Letters frota Turin, of the 2nd instant, say that on the evening of the let a popular assemblage took place on the public promenade, where cries of " Long live the King!" "Long live the Pope !" were uttered. On the chief of the police applying for instructions at the palace, the King is reported to have replied, " Let them alone. If they cry ' Long live the King :" it is a compliment to me. If they cry Long live the Pope ! it is a homage to the Holy Fathzr. If they cry ' Viva Italia!' it is a national wish. Let public order, however, be preserved, and don't let the dis turbance spread beyond the promenade." Neverthe less the armed force interfered later, in consequence of a general order which had been given on the 20th. Count Bresson kad passed some days at Turin, and had had several interviews with the King, in one of which he is reported to have declared that France would never allow the intervention of a foreign power in Italy, nor even that of one Italian prince in the states of another. The King replied that if this was intended to apply to Piedmont, that he would not the less hold himself free to act as might seem fit to him in favour of the independence of the Italian states. Lord Minto, who also had interviews with the King, spoke in a more favourable manner of the sentiments of the British cabinet towards Italian independence. In consequence of an imperial decree of the 18th of November, 1846, says the Vienna Gazette of the 30th of October, an extraordinary credit was opened for the purpose of buying up the shares of certain railway companies at prices corresponding with their real value. The object of this was to come to the assist ance of the holders of such shares, to prevent the imminent danger of numerous failures, to give new life to the depressed money market, and to restore order and regularity to the circulation. The object in view was attained at that time in the course of a few months. Since then, however, in consequence of the bad harvests of the last two years, the speculators in railway shares, and the pressure in all the markets of Europe, a fresh and more unfavourable crisis took place in the money market. Government, in its solicitude for the welfare of every class of its subjects, found itself called upon to come again to the assistance of holders of capital in railway companies. To this end it worked strongly, and by every means in its power, and it now sees, as the market is stocked with securities, that the time has come when the assistance given by the state to private credit is no longer needed. The Emperor is pleased, from this consideration, to order, by a decree of the 29th of September, that the operations of the extraordinary credit be stopped. The Berlin Striate Zertung, under date Vienna, Oct. 1, says, that after Baron Kubeck and the three first bankers of the capital Baron Rothschild, Sins, and Espeles—had on the 29th ult. held the conference in which the measure above alluded to was decided on, the King signed the decree the same day. The impression made by this step upon the pub lic is scarcely to be described. Advice. from Berne to the 3rd inst. continue to re port the preparations for internal conflict in Switzer land. The half-canton of Exterior Appenzell has followed the example of Zurich and Schaffhausen, and has by a unanimous vote supported the decisions of the federal government. There was little doubt at the date of these letters, that all the cantons whose delegates voted with the majority would decide for enforcing the decrees of the Diet. MADRID, Ocr. 2. The following royal order appears in the Gazette Ministry of Finance. I have given notice to her Majesty of the statement drawn up in consequence of the suspension of payments by Reid, Irving, and Co., London, who were commissioned by the Spanish government to pay the interest of the Three per Cent. Stock : in which the president of the finance committee of that capital consults the government whether the coupons ought to be paid, which have been left unsatisfied by the said Reid, Irving, and Co., and which m d to the half-years fallen due. Her Majesty has bel e rormed that the opinion of lawyers and persons in structed in the mercantile practices and jurisprudence of England, and also the opinion of the assessor of this direc tion, is that the Spanish government having furnished, with the due anticipation, the necessary funds to the house which was en t ru sted with this commission, net for the con venience of the government, but as a guarantee soli cited by the foreign creditors themselves: this house having announced to the public the payment, declaring that it held in its possession the funds necessary to effect the same ; and this payment having been consummated in its greater part in the 79 days which intervened befireen the opening of the payment and the failure of Reid, Irving, and Co., the holders of coupons who, by reason of their dilatoriness, omitted to receive the amount of their credit, have no right to claim from the Spanish government what the latter disbursed at the proper season. - Nevertheless her Majfity, in conformity with the opinion of this general direction, that the Spanish government ought rather to comply with an unreasonable demand than expose its credit to the slightest suspicion, has deigned to approve the arrange ment& adopted by you. and to order that the coupons be paid religiously which can be proved not to have been paid by the house of Iteid and Irving, from which the President of the Spanish Finance Committee in London will have to recover his advanoes.—Madrld, Sept 27, GAL—Salamanca to the Director-general of the Public Debt. Two supplementary decrees are published to the civil government system of Seaor Esoosura. The test, which alone merits notice, excepts the governor-generalship and province of Madrid from some rules which apply to the rest of Spain. The Governor-general of New Castile will be charged with all that relates to the cones elections and the liberty of the press ; while the governor of the province of Madrid will unite the functions of Offside and corregidor, and devote his attention to the police of the capital and other towns of the province. According to the Faro the Foment° Benk desires the dis solution of its quicksilver contract with the government. It advanced a portion of the 60 millions of reels offered on aoeount of the contract, but the dates for the delivery of the rest have passed without any payments having been made. It seems the (emptily of the Fomento entered into the business without sufficient knowledge, or found it lets pro fitable than they expected, and are now totally unable to carry out the contract. Don Ventura de la Vega has been appointed sub-secretary of state. HAMBURG, OM 2.—Thia day the Congress of German Jurists brought their discussions to • close, by adopting the following resolution with respect to the preen Tke Assembly of German Jurists declare that the Ger man people, by virtue of the promises held out in the Act of Confederation, has a perfect right to the liberty of the press, and considers that the German people is fully capable of making use of that right. The members will do all in their power to put the German people in possesaion of the liberty of the press." Mr. Cobden has arrived in this city from Lubeck. DENMARK.—SLESIVICK-LIOLsTEINT.—PATRIOTIC Marmo.—The Cologne Gazette, of Oct. 6, publishes in a correspondence from the above " Danish " duchy an account of an interesting festival which lately took place at Meldorf, the capital of South Dithmarsch. A short time ago a number of the patriotic inhabitants of that tract of country purchased the plot of ground near Hemingstadt on which the Dithmarsch peasants defended an entrenchment:against an army of Danes, on the 17th of February, 1500. Their next step was to collect funds for raising a monument on the spot ; but no sooner was that determination published than the Danish papers denounced the project as oue not so much hostile to the Danish nation and government as to the people of Holstein, many of whose ancestors fell opposing the Dithrnanch republican peasants. In order to counteract the tendency of the above declaration about 300 inhabitants of North and South Dithmarsch gave a grand festival at Meldorf, to which they invited all their deputies to the Diet, as well as aeveral distinguished patriots, including Beseler, Olahausen, Tredcmaon, and Clausen. The locale I was profusely adorned with Sleswick.Holstein and Dith mulch banners, and several good speeches were delivered on the following subjects the wished-for constitution for Sles wick-Holstein ; the German Fatherland ; the great advance made in Germany by the convocation of the Diet in Berlin ; the freedom of the press ; the amelioration of the condition of the working classes, and the free communal government which the Dithrnarschians enjoyed in the time of their re public of peasants. Notwithstanding the opposition of the Danish journals and of the head bailiff of South Dithmarsch (who propose! a simple planting of oak trees upon the me morable spot), the a s sembly resolved to erect a suitable mo nument to commemorate the valour of their ancestors, the Holateiners declaring that they saw in the fight of Feb. 17, 1500, only a contest againstdespotism in favour of liberty. BRAZILS.—The Columbus, Capt. Green, arrived at Liverpool yesterday, from Pernambuco, after a fine pas sage of 31 days, having sailed from that city on the 6th alt. The intelligence, with the commercial news, is however un important. Indeed, the only item of interest is, that the reports of the elections having produced commotion* in that intendeney turn out to have been untrue. (For markets see kat page.) Dates from Bahia to the 20th Aug. had been received in Pernambuco. Exchange was at 271 d. The Columbus has also brought &deices from Maranharn to the 21st Aug. Things in that town remain in almost Halm quo. CHILL—VALPARAISO.--By the Teviot we have Valparaiso papers to the 28th of July. Politically they have no intelligence of interest. The Mercurio of the . 27th, in a general review of affairs, resumes the domestic situation in two lines, thus " A peace which shows, in tranquillity, an absolute confidence in the future and prosperity." The project for the construction of a railway between Santiago and Valparaiso, which had met with considerable opposi tion in the senate, had finally passed with the approval of that body, and it was believed would meet with no obstruc tion in the House of Representatives. The exclusive privilege of the company proposing to make it was to be limited to thirty years, which, says the Mercurio, it of as much value as one hundred years, because every one has the conviction in Chili, as well se abroad, that the under taking will meet with no competition for more than a cen tury." The government is to guarantee an interest of 5 per cent. for ten years upon the capital of six millions of dollars to be expended, with concession of all the mines and mine rals which may be found in the line of war, exemption from duties for all the materials necessary for the construction of the line, and other advantages of smaller but sufficient im portance. COLONIAL. TRINIDAD.—A meeting of persons interested in the rum trade was held on the 21st of Aug., to take steps in op position to the rum ordinance at present before the Board of Council. The following resolutions were imbed : I. That the ordinance now before the council of government, for imposing • duty of one shilling sterling per gallon on all rum distilled fur consumption in the island la objectonable in principle and difficult of execution ; and that, if passed into law, distillation will thenceforth came in Trinidad, or be materially diminished, and the planter be thus deprived of • large portion of his annual revenue. 2. That any duty imposed on rum directly or indirectly payable by the,planter in the flint irstanoc is impolitic, and that this duty as im posed by the enactments of the ordinance now before the council, will act as a bounty to the smuggler. 3. That the moat ligitimate and least expensive mode of raising a duty on rum will be by In creasing the amount payable for spirit licenses, and affording to the licensed retailer that protection which he in vain attempts to obtain under the existing defective state of the law. 4. That the proposed tariff of import duties will yield an amount of revenue at least equal to that at present collected, and that the said tariff is yet capable of such modification as will further augment the resources of government without Inconvenience to the trading community. The remaining resolutions were for the formation of a committee to frame a memorial to the governor, and for a standing committee, to watch over the further progress of the rum ordinance, and if it be peraisted in to correspond with the rural districts, for the purpose of framing and obtaining signatures to a memorial to the home government, praying for its diullowanee. Sr. Ltcta, SEPT. 4.—The island has been deluged with rain during the last month ; and yet the temperature has been at times intolerably close and sultry. There has been no wind of consequence for the time of the year ; but several shocks of earthquake have been experienced, of which the smartest occurred at about a quarter to 4 p.m., on the lit inst. The plantations must have derived great benefit from the showers that have fallen. The last packet brought out the commands of her Majesty that Mr. Atthill, suspended about five months ago for his libellous writings in the Indepen dent Press, be restored to his office of attorney-general. Upon this subject the St. Lucia Palladium uys :—" On the part of the inhabitants of St. Lucia, as well as in the in terest of that public justice which it is the attorney-general's peculiar vacation to maintain with independence and firm ness, we must pronounce Mr. Atthill in every sense of the word disqualified for future usefulness in this island ; and we should be glad, indeed, to hear of his removal or promo tion to some other colony. Sr. VINCINT.—TIIO St. Lucia Independent Preis, 1* its intelligence from this colony, rays: 'lt appears th at some parties have been tampering with the Portugneae immigrants, in order to prevail on them te go to St. Kitt's, where they were told they will get more money—a most irresiatible temptaton to these avaricious people. In consequence of this the lieutenant-governor has issued an address to the Portuguese immigrants. We apprehend that, so far from its having the desired effect of keeping the immigrants in the island, it will increase their desire to leave. DOMINICA.—The Dominican informs us that the editor of the Colonist (Mr. R. S. Bengtson) was sentenced by the Chief Justice, for a contempt of court, to pay a fine of 1001. eterling, with full costs, and to be imprisoned for six calendar moats. The name of the defendant was also, at the judge's direction, struck out of the jury lid. Dear Laza DUELLING. —A duel took place outside George Town, on Sept. 29th, between the Hon. John Croal, mem ber of the Court of Policy, and Dr. Daniel Blair, Surgeon- General of British Guiana. The seconds were the Hon. Peter Rare, leading member of the Court of Policy, and Dr. Mengel,. The Record, Demerara paper, thus speaks of the duel, using at the same time expressions of the strongest disapproval :—" Twice they shot at each other, and twice they failed to kill each other. Mr. John Croal, not satis fied that his antagonist should live, demanded another shot, which Dr. Bankhead most peremptorily Interposed to prevent, at the same time offming himself to be shot at, and to shoot, if Mr. Creel choose, as having himself been the author of the letter which occasioned the quarrel." Me Court. Yesterday, Mr. H. F. Cunningham had the honour of submitting to the Queen and Prince Albert his water colour drawing, taken by command of her Majesty, from Winterhalter's picture of the Royal Family. The Duke of Cambridge returned to town on Thurs day from honouring the Earl of Westmoreland with a visit at hie seat, Apthorpe, Northamptonshire. The Duchess of Glouceeter, the Duke of Cambridge, and Prince George visited her Majesty the Queen Dowager, yesterday, at Marlborough House. Despatches were received yesterday at the Colonial face from the governors of the NVest India colonies. MARRIAGE IN HIGH LIFE.—The marriage of the Hon. Spencer Cecil Ponsonby, fifth son of the late Earl of Besaborough, and the Hon. Louisa Dillon, third daughter of the Viscountess (Dew.) Dillon, took place on Mundy but at St. George's Church, Hanover-square. The MR anti Rev. F. 0. Ponsonby officiated at the marriage ceremony in the presence of a numerous family circle. After dm perr. formance of the nuptials, the Dowager-Viscointee Delon gave an elegant luncheon to a select curie at her regime in Wilton-crescent. Tee hon. bridegroom and Masi& gab aequently left town for Northamptonshire. (Fran last sight's Gazette.) FOREIGN -OFFICE, OCT. 6.—TheQueenhai of Dan Juan de Masanedo, u cast at Li aai of Don Jae Moreno Lops, as cooed la J , for bra Majesty the Queen of Spain ; and of Mr. 8. Cockburn, az o ot ., nil in Grenada for the Republic of Venezuela. W. W. R. Williams, gent, WAR-OFFICE, Ocr. 8, 1847. 4th Drag. Grda.—Capt. E. B. James, from h..p. oast, to be suet , vice Brev. Major 0. W. Mayow, who exch. • Lint. J. Cunningh am b e rapt, by pur., Moe James, who ret.; etch. A. M. Robertiwo to b, ox lient isz by pu,r;keelcoßobit...Clusnlngham; to Bth ; cape. W. P. Neale, from h.-p, mat., to be apt, et, b M. Arehdsll, who exch.• Lieut. F. Sutton, to be apt by pus., En* who ret. ; Ens. the Hon. 11. I. B. Rowley, from 6th F., tb . bi lieut.. by per., vice Sutton. 13,b Lt, prep.—The Hon. J. W. 11. Hutchinson to be car., hype,. eke Jenne, prom. Iflth Lt. Dears—Garrison burp- Major at the Cav a l ry D eed; b , Maidstone, M. Eishee (riding— malt", to be tier., without par. 6th F.—A. Shuldhsm, gent, to be en., by par, vice Rowley, prom, In fhb Drags. 14th E—fskipt. G. Black, from the Royal Can. Rifle Reg., to be vice Colman, who exch. 25th F.—Ens. T. E. Blomfield to be kat., by par., vice Ballawdd, who rev ; G. Gould, gent, to be ens., by pur., vice Blomfleld. 30th S. Warburton, gent., to be ens., by pur., vice Ciubley, who Mire. 62nd P.—Lieut C. Young to be rapt., without par, v.ce T. D. Price, who rev upon full.psy. fildh IL—En. E. D. Lyon, tobe lieut., bypur., vice the Hem H. L. Noel, who rat.; the Hoc. E. C. IL Maury, to be ens., by par., you Lyon. 72nd P.--Capt. W. Clung, from h..p. matt, to be apt, Mee Brer.- Mej. T. F. Lacy, who each.; Lieut. J. W. Gaisford, to be caps, by par., vies Chtne, who rev ; Ero. C. J. W. Norman, to be lieut., by pur., vice Galaford. 75td F.—Lleut. P. B. Bicknell, to be cap., by par., vice Combo, who ret ;E . F. Reeve, to be lieut., by pur., vice Bicknell; W. Jelinski. gent., to be ene., by pur., vice ßeeve. 87th F.—See. Lieut. T. M. Mrlintoek, to be Brat lieut., by par vine T. Lloyd. who rot; G. N. 13oldero, gent., tobe sec. lieut., bypur, vice Aflllatock. 88th IL—Capt. 0. Chkhotter, from h..p. unatt, to be card., vice E. Adame, who each.; Lieut. E. H. Maxwell, to be art, by pun, eb b Chiebeiter, who ret,.• Ens. and Adj. S. Dunning, to have the mad lieut.; Ens. B. B. Manleverer, to be lieut., by pur., vice biae,b J. E. Riley, 'rent., to be en., by pur., vice Manleverer. 90th F. —Brev..Masjor F. Rid to be major, without per., vice Epics, dec.; Lieut. J. Macheale Walter to be apt, vice Eld. 94th F.—Ens. F. D. Wyatt, from 17th F., to be one., rice Browne, , whose removal from 9th F. has been cancelled. Me Brig.—Lieut. C. J. Lindans, from 10th F., to be paymest, vice W. Holden, who has retired upon half-par. god W. I. Reg.—Ens. H. Thwaites to be lieut., without pur.. rite Dagg, appointed adjutant of a recruiting district; W. T. J. Simms, gent., to be ens, vice Thindtee. 3rd W. 1. Reg.—lt. W. Herter, gent., to be ens. without par., 'lee Martin, app. to the R. Newfoundland Comptinie. RI. Newfoundland Cos.—Ens. C. H. Martin, from lad W. 1. leg, to be ens., vice Oliphant, prom. in the 80th F. RL Canadian Rifle Reg.—Capt. W. T. Colman, from 14th 1, ts he rapt., vice Bla• k, who exchange. STA/F.—Lieut. R. A. Dan, from 2nd Wee; India Erg., to be adj, of a recruiting district, vice T. Drag, deceased. Baserr.—To be Majors in the Anny.—amt. G. Chichester, of 99th V. ; Capt. W. Neale, of 6th Drags. To be Majors in the Army in the East Indies.—Capt. G. lii L of the Madras Arel. ; Capt. 0. Balfour, of the Madras ArtiL Hoerms. ®ran.-3. Waller, pent., to mist—sure. to the forces. PIONOSANDLIC—The names of the adj. of 7th Lt. Draga. are Joseph Trewerry, rot Trainer% me previously elated. THE REGISTRATIONS. MARTLERONE.—The registration for this borough terminated yesterday with the investigation of the chums and objections for the Pancras district, the overseers' list having been revised at Gordon square on a f,norr day. The revising barrister sat at the new vestry room, King's. road, Camden-town. The claims and objections, which were all conservative, were, claims 50, objections 270. Of these 17 claims and 267 objections were sustained. Nothing of the slightest interest occurred. The general results of the rear's revision for the borough of klarylebone are— Conservative claims made, 94 ; allowed, 23: liberal, none. Conservative objections mad., 447 ; allowed, 439: liberal, none. Number of voters added to the roll, 23; struck off, 439. YORK.—MR. ITUDSON'S VOTE.— On Saturday morn ing, Mr. Pollock gave his judgment on the vote of the Lord Mayor, as a parliamentary elector, which had been objected to. The learned banister held that the claim in respect of his occupation of the Mansion-house was good, and con sequently retained his lordship's name on the list of electon. TILE ROBBERY AT ROGERS'S BANK. One of the most remarkable circumstances con nected with this robbery, is the manner in which the strong room was entered. Against the door was placed a turn-up bedstead, and this must have been bodily removed to admit of the door being opened. One of the clerks slept in this bed on both nights, a servant girl making it on the Sunday, yet nothing was noticed to excite suspicion. That it took the parties some time to collect the cash there can be no doubt, for they cut open the sides of the bags to ascertain which contained gold. Yet none of the employs heard their movements. Many believed that the moment the clerk left his bed on Sunday morning, the thieves got into the strong room and were there locked in till night, a confederate outside replacing the bed against the door, and closing the same when they were let out. The interior of the safe, when opened on Monday morning, was not disturbed, and the door of the strong-room was properly locked. It has been frequently urged that these precautions to throw off suspicion must have been aided by the connivance of some party or parties connected with the premises or who knew their character perfectly well. Be that inference cor rect or not, the following facts, extracted from depositions laid before Mr. Alderman Gibbs at the Mansion-house, may tend to clear up any doubts on the subject : a tradesman living two doors from Messrs. Rogen's bank made known to them, about nine or ten days before the robbery, an attempt, as he thought, to get into the bank by means of an entrance through his place. Two days after he was called on by an individual in the firm's employ, who got into conver sation with him about the communication he had made, and remarked that, when bank robberies were committed, they were doze by some old clerk or others acquainted with the place. This individual was one of the parties who had leave on the Sunday, and, before quitting, the clerks re marked how particular he was in letting them know he wag " going." He was known to have gone out with a publican in the neighbourhood, spending the day at Twickenham, but appeared very unensv,expressing a fear that something was going on in the neighbourhood—that be had teen several fellows hanging about lately, and that he wished to pt back. After the robbery, this party, who comparatively speaking was previously in somewhat straitened circumstances, became " flush " with cash, made purchases of diamond pins, guard-chains, 'lc., and lent money to several persons. , He continued in the service of the firm till the succeeding 1 February, but against his inclination, assigning as a resion for not remaining, that he was in expectancy of some money from an uncle—he had already received 501. ; but it wu ascer tained that such a person did not exist, or had not for many years. Hs was seen on one occasion with a bundle of notes, and when interrogated as to how he came in possession of them, he remarked, " They had been left him by his uncle, and if they suspected him of committing the robbers, the partners were to ask themselves a few questions." ft may he here remarked that his relatives were far front being in affluent circumstances. Tke'large reward of 3,0001 offered for the capture of the spoil and offenders, stimulated the officers to the most v*o , roue and ingenious efforts to detect the delinquents. The party above alluded to, a short time after the robbery was traced to be in communication with an individual who had been convicted, and, on one occasion, when arrested, asked the officers to be allowed to comply with a call of nature. They did so, and followed him to a water-closet, which, hav ing a secret door at the back, ensbled hint to escape. The person is Messrs. Rogers's employ was seen frequently in this man's company, drinking bottle after bottle of wine with him, and admittin . g he had had 50/. for a camellia. A complete chain of eviaence was established, proving a con nexion between the parties both before and after the robbery. This and other circumstances led the magistrates at Bow-st. to grant a warrant to search this " friend's " house, and on the 12th of February, Mr. Isaacs, of the Bankers' Clearing I house, accompanied by Mr. Inspector Shackle and Mr. In /nectar Haines, of the metropolitan detective force, carried it into effect. The house was 19, Lower-road, Islington, and there were discovere" a do üble-barrelled gun,gold diamond ring, and other things, known to have been purchased by the party at the banking-house. A further search found an iron safe concealed under a bed ; in it was discovered a bag containing five hundred sovereign+, for the possession of which he could give but a very , indifferent explanation, his wife 'knowing still less about them. The discovery of the gold, coupled with other facts, was deemed by the officers sufficient to warrant them in arresting him. This step, how ever, was abandoned on the arrival of one of toe partners, who declined ',bring the party into custody on the grounds that they could not swear to gold, or the box. At this Junc ture, remarkable to state, the officers were informed that their services were no longer required, and so the prosecution of the affair in this quarter ceased. The original reward, 3,0001., was the sum named to effect it. A larger amount was desired, and refused. Ultimately it fell to 2,6001., and on last Thurs day . fortnight a personal interview took place. A guarantee paring to stay all ulterior proceedings, an appointment was made for the following evening, Friday. The parties met, the stolen notes were returned, and the reward, 2,5001. in gold, handed over. The expenses are said to have ex ceeded 12,0001. GRAND JUNCTION CANAL COMPANT.—A special meeting of the proprietors in this company was held yester day at the Crown and Anchor Tavern, in the Strand. Re porters were refused admittance ; but we received from the sseretary the report, which had been prepared by • select camiltee to be submitted to the meeting of which the fedlowMg is an abased : Vaasa almomMeesseseetiee to produce • change In the direc- MtZttthe It=wariteretoe r le pera /Mk* cnlarised le the moa imminent the many a the steracedees Uld the wadi, e e las male et ada deesimed Ms der morldallsm= WIN Strome allorallee thoileiset a ampere* =ft i e l d illi ammilsemlambellealkes yawls's,* Ito prolltsed • merelme dopease otltalladeals rd mead Ms ••••••0. aeelaWes s• w prallo baeved. is tho palm preview* •••• mad to mord to the teas ma Its meal, ad rift la my air V say ammillmes wee umell== ew e e=i= es an the that the war dimes were—els rueseolise oftYaml ad wes • awed diet aremit, ma Ms mosonsike sad remwerr alto leas Ito eel, by Its miallimat enrols near et seempase epee it of geode set sew maim Tbs er peeled tel aloes of as weeks having boa melleuedbyttmompleft r e e imm ironsi: 6.o.6b yar emalatte . l adv emaddseel an a ttar idose. dy ia es earat aa tarelei Ns. Weir Is vaile a orst•sy • t the ami. lb meek admit weneedvel as et A mama Ihe mob lamely, bat MO eetabilaso Its list et dr ~Mee amilllis et the le e Tits molt of a mead sad iamb lemelpese Is Oat ailed bY itr• era= :—"To pa Its vide dam Awe aorta (the Elia Mr) es. dein the 23 anew Yds. Ye Berl seilmliel amok led atm Ms emit la owl etas; latalar weld art AUK Wait eate ea Nana Jaw amilsred limedeed7 ma the Trambilm lajadleieert: egialeh : "1 4 to be 4= 1 4 alma Oa ant awe rem" la the ahem he Itr. Waste Mos ma barb Ss emdomes lama seri ; la he male ere et Topa la le am* the ow le that el the seta lase Asir the Welt et the beembee tent Graeae( the inallt ear seta the. It will be essemory te add met all* these dumb of WINO mar weertela the lola imeret= s t a le pat the tat web odelalla mar. BMW! inklatest sates meat mesa le Ike dreeledies, porsomedels ars ail slooll it ate pawed Min them It ale bit bat adw