The Express. — London, England, 1853-03-16 00:00:00

h tto r inked to leave as soon as they have o ..ligh 0 1 buth. They arrive in India without any otaiation which would direct their conduct in the fib be whi h thee might reach some points of s c , y ' raF ely with thC . natives whom they have to Thor oie datiosi them from poem. !in,: t hemselv tt es uel to acquire p revent k the nwl oedge of apperleo'l they ought to have been in possession before huultd. They are content to take upon trust volition* left as a Lame,' by predecessors as ignorant • itaaot ties, and they leave the country as wise as when they et:tired it. lien., the evil. What is the remedy ? Evidently a o upp. ls. tier informed functionaries begetting a blotto r mode of governmeet. Instead of sending v et , to India the j•rot;g:s of Directers, fit for little o r nothing at home, it is our duty to sup ply ledi.e with a selection of the ai?.: of ear I o wls. This, bin ever, under the present system of w oollier ernitut be effected; nor could it be done by the tianefer of that patronage from Leadenhall sEnot to Downing-stro rt. Whilst the Directors bpse ,he right of mominatiag the great majority of c o s futetiomaries in India. we must necessarily espfet to see relationship to such Directors held to tic goat test of ss. Abolish this at MCP. Ad o pt Lurd suggestion, to throw open a p i oirtments to India, to the public competition of boss out exceeding a fiat d age. 'lhe present one of pate 'weir is one of the Curses of India, and one of t h e , greuto st difficulties in the way of Indian reform. Dwrey the plesent ~stem, and we may yet atone to tl,a , country for the miseries our rule has int!,.t.l upon it. Give Cadetships to the best men of the universities of Oxford, Cam- London, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Aberdeen, and Ofkr Indian appointments as objects of comp , iition amongst the boys of Eton. Harrow, Rugby, and other foundation schools. Let the nation base what the Lotion has won. 1)o away with the glaring injustice of allowing a largo empire con won t. by England, to be kept down merely that a few supra-ann . : :ted Directors in Leedenhallostreet may have the privilege . of inundating India yearly with youthful f u nctional...no, who do nothing to elevate the wtet;.'aeol subjects of their rule. Do this, and we shall hoe nu mire "Rat mails." The people of India %ill occupy some of that space in the pub lic Mto lic.;irre which has hitherto been monopolised by ihi it eonorierors; and, in the carrying out the eivilboation in that magnificent country by a new class of governors, we shall have the best gtaruntee fur the stability of our Indian Empire. Oote oof the greatest wants of India is a race of talented and high-minded admiuistratorc. TnE return of the steamer "Australian" for the third time—and on this last oectision in amoredangerous con • ditiun than ever—fully justifies the remarks we have kit bound to make on the management of steam com panies. Shipowners of all classes are a very compact &alb sin gi oar ly deaf to the complaints of helpless land- Mlle's, who. atter paying their money, have slight mesas of obtaining compensation for any breach of enetract ; but the Directors of the Australian Royal Mail seem to have improved upon the proverbial irreiousibility of sea-carriers. 'Hwy hive contrived in a very short period to incur more accidents, more delays, and to inflict more disappointment and injury on their passengers than have occurred in the steamers to New York, whether British or American, during the several years of their existence. There may have been ori nally reasonable excuses for the breakdown of the Melbourne and the Adelaide. We know perfectly well that iron ships cannot be turned off with the rapidity of the PAXTON gutters for the Crystal Palace. We know that through the culpable negligence and intliffercuce of Earl GREY and Sir Cusates WOOO Australia was without steam communication at the critical period of the gold discoveries, although for year after year the Legislative Council of New South Miles and the Australian merchants of the City of London had pressed the subject on the Colonial Minister and the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER. The rapid action of the United States in the case of Caiifornia taught no lesson to those Dromios of offi cial delay. It is much easier to write plausible despatches or to givesmart House of Commons answers than to conclude a practical work like the establish ment of steam communication : much easier to find hucdredsOf thousands of pounds to pay Government env/v."4 in colonies, which have neither popu lation nor exports; Governors and Chief Justices, and a long line of officials, for dots of islands in the West undies; three Governors and an army for New Zealand, with less than twenty thousand inhabitants ; five thousand • year to the barren Falkland Islands; a large loan to keep above water for a few more months the bubble .New Zealand Company—easier long ago to do one and all of these things than to start a line of steam-ships to Aus tralia. It was for years impossible to obtain a Govern ment guarantee for securing a steam rat with our finest cluster of dependencies; and when the time came that further delay was impossible, nearly all our mercantile navy was fully employed in the Ame rican trade. There were few spare steam ships, and the Government contracts, which were so much needed to support a line of mail steamers before the gold discoveries, became a positive disoou ragement to private enterprise. In this posi tion a company, without • ship, obtained the contract—to fatal that contract they bought one ship and ordered two.. The disaster. of the Melbourne —the ship bought—are well known to the unhappy passenger. who went on board that vessel. The two ordered by the Company, the Adelaide and Australian, were so hurried in building, that they were never pmperlygpmpleted. They were sent to sea unfinished, but well d, no doubt—the sole risk being borne by the passengers and crew. The letters of passengers by the Adelaide from St. Vincent have informed us how delay, confusion, l and neglect, extended to every department, from the passengers' cabins to the coal depots. Yet after thel receipt of such various and ample evidence on the shortcomings of the Directors and their responsible officers, when the annual meeting of shareholders took place the other day, those who ventured to question the perfect wisdom and prudence of the arrangements of the Directors could scarcely obtain a hearing, and were treated with almost as much impertinence as if they had been passen gers. Indeed it is doubtful if any remarks, dis agreeable to the Directors, would have been listened to if one of the shareholders had not also been a pas senger from Sydney, and able to give personal evi dence of the gross mismanagement which had throughout prevailed. But surely we may say in the case of the "Amara ban" steamer the last failure is the worst of all. In the first false start the mail begs were soaked, and property to an unknown amount de stroyed, a delay fatal to the plans of many of the passengers was incurred, while cob bling. and trial tripe were performed that ought sever to have been needed ; and now, after perform ing 250 miles, and reaching the skirts of the Bay of Biscay, where she lay for hours almost waterlogged, the " Australian" has returned with all her passengers in a state of misery that defies description, with four feet of water in her hold, only preserved from sinking by constant exertions at the pumps of all the able-bodied passengers, in addition to those of hkr zealous officers and crew. If the Company had shown themselves willing to meet the representations of the passengers, whom they have so deeply injured, in a fair spirit, many of our remarks might have been spared, but we can not help noting, that while the meeting of passengers, reported by us yesterday, passed a resolution" warmly sympathising with Captain HOIWASON, his officers, Crew, as well as with the chief engineer, his en (peers, and stokers, under the harassing duties unposed on them by the bad management of the Com- Puy." they also expressed their indignation at the want of courtesy shown and the unwarrantable lan- Page used by some of the Directors', the Secretary, and the Agents of the Company, to passengers making the .J(inplaints in person. M'e cannot avoid the con e:tenon that in the present active state of com merce between this country and the Australian colonies, the subsidies needed at one time are now an Injury rather than a benefit, and that the steam Post to Australia may safely be left to private enter ic*. From n hat was said in the House of Corn sass list night it appears that the Government in tetd to do their duty. V.GOW AND SOUTII WEST UN RAlLWAT.—Traffic 4? the week ending March 12, £4,4G6 179.9 d. Currerposd 'Li •Wk last lea, L 3,092 94. Inueme, SAN 84. 91. FRANCE. PARIS. TVIIIDIT PAINING. I am informed that the Emperor has sent an aide de-camp to M. Hubner, the Austrian minister, to re monstrate against the sequestration of the emigrant's property in Lombardy. It is currently reported to-day that the Emperor 'of Austria has taken a step which may not impro !ably prevent the Pope from coming to Paris. lam assured that he has represented to his Holiness, in strong terms, that as the representative of an ancient monarchy, ho desires to assert his right to precedence before Napoleon 111., and that he would feel himself slighted if the Pope were to crown the French em peror until several months after his own coronation by the head of the church at Vienna. This, if true, amounts to a veto, so far as Austria may have power to pronounce one, against the Pope's coming to Paris at all, hecanse it is scarcely upon the cards that Louis . Napoleon will consent to postpone his coronation beyond May. The opposition of the Emperor of Austria is probably concerted with the College of Cardinals. The Pope will be very glad of the ex , cuse, but he will find it difficult to get it admitted by the power that commands the army of occupation in Rorie. One of the many accusations of conspiracy that have been preferred of late has just come to an abortive end. You may remember that towards the end of last year the Bishop of LUcOll'S palace was surrounded by gen darmes, while his private papers were minutely searched, an indignity of which the bishop com plained in good set terms in a circular to the clergy of his diocese. This domiciliary visit was made in cousevence of papers found in the houses of the editors of the Esikgrance du l'euple, who had all been arrested a few days previously. M. Brodu, the principal editor of that journal, was de tained in prison nu Berra for a fortnight, and fre quently interrogated during that time by a juge struction. He was then liberated upon bail, and the imperial procnreur, after having taken four months to consider of it, finds he can make nothing of the charge. M. Brodu has just received an intimation that the prosecution is withdrawn, and that he may have the amount of his caution money returcd to him. A telegraphic despatch from Marseilles announces the arrival there of Marshal de Saint-Arnaud. lie was to leave this day for Hkres. There has been a steadier feeling displayed on the Bourse to-day ; and the Three per Cents., which were quoted sc. lower than yesterday, fur wadi, improved to that fraction for the settlement ; the, last prices called being ROf. 73c. for c ish, and 80f. 63e. for the account. The Four-and-a-Half per Cents. left off at a rise of 30c. on the cash prices of yester day, and of 33e. on those for the end of the mouth; the official call at the termination of business being 104 f. 30c. for cash, and 104 f. 23c, for the account. There was not the slightest inclination to touch Bank Stock, which has not recovered any of the many heavy declines which have of late been experienced, and which ended at 2,743 f. nominally, but really a shade lower for sellers. Railway Stocks not quite so active—Northern, 912 f. ' • Strasbourg, HIM.; Lyons, 932 f.; West, 733 E; and Besancon, 6381. PARIS, MONDAY EVENING. The members of the corps-legislatif have received notice that their first month's pay awaits them at the treasury. A small party in the corps incline to seize the occasion to 'wake a demonstration of inde pendence in refusing the new salaries, but It is very doubtful that their heroism will carry many to that _ length. The public never heard a syllable about the ill health of the Minister-at-War till the day on which ho left Paris, and although he was said to be too ill at Lyons to see company, he has certainly made a very rapid journey for an invalid. You will have observed, from your accounts of the Bourse, that the Napoleon Dock Company has been much out of favour of late. I understand that the rvernment, which attaches great importance to this institution, has taken measures to infuse new life into it. The management, it is said, will be entirely re-modelled, and the direction in chief entrusted to M. Pereira. M. Orfila has bequeathed a large scientific museum to the town of Angers, a place for which he enter tained a great affection ; and he has also left 120,000 fr. to the Academy of Medicine to found scientific prizes. LATEST FROM AMERICA. THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MARCH 16, 1853 had stayed operations by drying up the streams and I water-courses, in consequence of which miners had taken to the beds of rivers and creeks where the precious metal was known to exist. In the Legislative Council a "Gold Fields Ma nagement Bill" had been introduced and read a second time. By this proposed measure foreigners will have to pay double the amount for their licenses to what will be charged British subjects. This clause was strongly objected to, but it was carried by a majority of 17 to S. All run-away servants and apprentices arc disqualified to hold licenses. The bill was to come into operation on the let of February, 11853, and remain in force for one year. VICTORIA DIGGINGS. The number of digr;ers at the various gold fields have reached the enormous amount of 100,000, whose average earnings are estimated at one ounce per man per week. The Christmas holidays had somewhat interfered with the quantity brought down by the escort, but the yields were declared to be greater than ever. The principal fields aro Mount Alexander, Balarat, awl the Ovens, the former maintaining its high eh:in...der for prodigious yields. Balarat is again getting into favour, but there the metal is more wieldy distributed than at Mount Alexander; the labour also is more severe,but then the individual gains are also greater. The capabilities of the Ovens are generally admitted to be great, although the quantity conveyed to Melbourne was inconsiderable, owing, it was believed, to large quantities being carried overland to Sydney. New spots were daily worked, and in some cases with sigcal success. The -11elbourhe Argus of January 3 furnishes the an nexed abstract of the wonderful development of the Victoria diggings : Since our previous summary there has been brought down by escort as follows : Ounces. By Government Escort Private Escort Amount conveyed to Adelaide by November Escort 43,876 Ditto by Dec. Escort Ditto by Oct. Escort (previously emitted) 42,019 Total 495,104 The following statement exhibits the total amounts brought down by escorts from their establishment to the end of 1852 : GERMANY. The semi-official Oest. Oorrespotedens destroys at one sweep all the assertions respecting an Austrian note to the British government with which the Ger man and English press have lately teemed. In an article published ou the 11th inst. the Currespondenz denies in the most formal manner that the cabinet of Vienna had made any application whatever to that of St. James relative to the refugees. "Austria," says this authority. " had trusted in the good faith of England, the government of which had given Lord c the most satisfactory assurances when Granville directed the department of Foreign Affairs. The speech pronounced by Lord Palmerston, in the House of Commons, has since proved the returning ascendancy of this states. man in the councils of his country, but it does not comport with the dignity of the Austrian govern ment to address to that of Great Britain a demand which has been in a manner answered before it is 1 made. Thus it only remains for Austria to take all the necessary measures for preventing all the crimes and troubles which have their principal centres in London." _ _ _ .... M. Muller-Melchior, the liberal and free trade leader in the Chamber of Hesse Darmstadt, wee on the 12th sentenced to two months' imprisonment, for a speech spoken in his place in parliament. The speech in question was delivered about nine months since, when the government of the Duchy was is trigtung with Bavaria and other states to bring Aus trian influence into the Zollverein and contained some faithful animadversions on th e conduct of the ministers. M. Muller-Melchier's imprisonment takes place just as these same ministers acknowledge the correctness of his views, by proceeding to construct tho Zollverein without Austria. ITALY. TUSCANY. The Council of Prefecture at Sienna has pro nounced sentence on the persons arrested on politi , cal churl • few months ago, and prosecuted in secret. The sentence, after reciting that the exist ence of a political association at Sienna, the object of which was the overthrow of the government when circumstances should render it expedient and pos sible, has been proved, and that the chiefs of this association were Count Jerome Spannoochi, Francis Bernardi, Henry Pontanelli, and Advocate Cerretani, condemns the former three to 18 months' detention in the lower fortress of Florence, the fourth to 15 months' of the same punishment, six persons of the lower classes to 15 months' detention in the House of Correction, three gentlemen of good family to 18 months forced domicile, pine more to 15 and eight more to 12 months of the same punishment. One hundred and fifty prisoners more have been handed over to the government delegation, to be dealt with as may be considered expedient. DENMARK. The election of the democratic leader, M. Madwig, to the presidency of the Danish Folksthing, was the unanimous act of the house ; the relative strength of parties has, therefore, yet to be revealed. The go- vernment reckons upon a majority of only 4 or 6 in an assembly of 98 deputies, 27 of whom are new to the legislature. The letters patent concerning the cession, to the crown of Denmark, of the lands pos sessed by the Duke of Augustenberg in the Duchies, have been published at Copenhagen. The duke pro mises for himself and his family never to re-enter the Duchies, or to acquire real property there; never to undertake aught against the peace of the realm, or oppose any measures which may be taken for organising the new monarchy, and :regulating its order of succession. The duke receives an indem nity of about 2,500,000 thalers. TEE ISLE OF WIGHT TELEOILWIL—The arrival of the American mail packet Washington off the Needles, in the Isle of Wight, wax telegraphed to Southampton at 3 p nn Nl.r.clay ; and thu• her arrival was known four hours befnre her English mails and passengers were landed at Southampton. This is the first foreign homeward band packet which has been telegraphed cif the Isle of ARRIVAL OF THE ARCTIC. tbT ILICTRIC TELEORAPHI (PROM OUR OWN CORRUPONDLNT.) LIVERPOOL, WZDNRSDAY Monsmo. The United States miil steamship Arctic, Luce, commander, which hus just arrived in our river, brings three days later dates from New York than those previously to hand per the America. The Arctic brings 80 passengers; she entered the Mersey at 3 a.m.; on the 6th, passed the Baltic, outward-bound. The Cambria arrived at Boston on the sth. Congress had passed the necessary appropriation bills, and adjourned. The Senate, however, con tinued in executive session, to Cantina the cabinet and other appointments. Ou the 4th inst. General Pierce was formally in augurated as President, and delivered an address, the substance of which was as folews : (hnc•third of the address is occupied in a review of the progress of the United States since the revolution, and the in crease of power and territory acquired by the Federa tion since that period; it then proceeds —" And yet this vast increase of people and territory has not only shown itself compatible with the harmonious action of the States and Federal government, in their respective constitutional spheres, but has afforded an additional guarantee of the strength and integrity of both. With experience thus sug gestive awl cheering, the policy of my ad ininistra:ion will not be controlled by any timid forebodings of evil from expansion. It is nut to be disguised that our attitude as a nation and position on the globe render the acquisition el certain pos sessions not without our jurisdiction eminently im portant for our protection, if not in the future essen tial for the preservation of the rights of commerce and the peace of the world." The message then pro ceeds to say "that if these possessions (no doubt Cuba and Mexico) should be obtained, it shall be by fair means, and consistently with the strictest ob servance of uational faith; and gives an assurance that no act, within the legitimate scope of constitu tional control will be tolerated on tho part of any citizens, which cannot challenge ready justification before the tribunal of the civilised world." The President then proceeds to say that the great objects of their pursuit, as a people, are to be ob tamed by peace, and urgently exhorts to the cultiva tion of friendly relations with neighbouring nations on the American continent; of the complex systems of European policy tile United States are inde pendent, and their wars, tumults, and ass .cties cannot affect the American people, except as appealing to their sympathies in the cause of human freedom and advancement. The rights of American citizens art to be vigilantly watched and maintained at home and abroad; and "it can hardly be necessary to math: 01 a principle which should now be regarded as fundamental, namely, that the rights, security, and repose of this confederacy reject the idea of inter ference or colonisation on this side of the ocean by any foreign power beyond the present juris diction as utterly unadvisable." The document continues to say that a large army is un desirable in the United States, and should be the nucleus only for a national militia to rally round, but recommends thorough efficiency in the army. The Fugitive Slaves Law and Compromise measures occupy the remainder of the message; these mea surer arc fully indorsed by General Pierce as de sirable and necessary for the preservatien of the Union, which must be maintained at all hazards; and the President expresses his hope that the question is at rest, and that nu sectional, or ambitious, or fanatical excitement, may threaten the durability of the federal institutions, or• obscure the light of their prosperity. The message concludes by praying that the kind Providence wlech smiled upon their patriot fathers tnay enable their children to , , preserve the blessings they have inherited. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. The condition of business was not quit: so favourable as at the last accounts, and money was decidedly more difficult to obtain. The studs market was also depressed, though the depreu;on was expected to be only temporary. In the market fur Breadstuff*, pries* had given way, owing to the advice's by the previous steamer from England, and there was little disposition to purchase at the following prices : Western Canal flour, 5 dole. to 5 dole. 12ic. per brl., barely supported ; Oennessee prime Wheat, 1 dul. 22c. to 1 dol. 24c. per GO 1b..; Indian earn, round yellow, 62 to 84 cents per bushel, steady. The cotton market at New York is reported brisk, with a good average amount of business doing; prices have slightly advanced, as will be sum by the following quota tions: New Orleans and Mobile, mail. fair to fair, Il e. to 12c. per lb.; Uplands ditto, 101 c. to 111 c. ; showing a rise in each of le. The provision market was dull, and prices lower. Freights also were lower; time to Liverpool, 22. 6d. to 2s. 9d. pm barrel; grain to ditto, Bd. to 81d. ; cotton to ditto, 3-164. to id. per lb. ; cotton to Havre, I to i cents per lb. Exchange on London ruled at 1091 to 110, with a very quiet market; on Paris, 5 12i; Hamburg, 35, to 36! ; Bre men, 80 to 801. AUSTRALIA. THE GOLD FIELDS OF AUSTRALIA. IMPORTANT PARTICULARS. By the arrival of the Peninsular and Oriental Com pany's steamer Chusan at Singapore, very recent in telligence has been received from the Oold fields, the dates being as follows:—Sydney, Dec. 28; Mel bourne, Jan. 3; and Adelaide, Jan. 10. We subjoin the news from each quarter, in the order above noticed. SYDNEY DIGGINGS. The yields of the various places at which opera tions are carried on continue almost undiminished ; indeed, generally speaking, the quantity of the pre (ions metal was greater than previously noticed, and the number of miners wu daily being augmented by new arrivals from Europe and America. The cases of individual prodigious success were not numerous, but all were obtaining a very favourable and encou raging return for their labour, and digging was chiefly confined to small depths. Some new fields have been developed, and some of the old ones re opened with great success. The nonhern diggers were rather less fortunate than their southern neigh bours; and, u a necessary consequence, were quit ting t he less productive for the mere remunerating fields. The Hanging Rock, Swamp Creek, Aber crombie, the Timms, and Bingen diggings, are those less favourably spo ken of . The Braidwood diggings are reviving, nd Major's Creek is again looking up. The chieffocus of gold labour was the Ovens gold field, where many parties were making large fortunes, and all doing NrelL Indeed, at these latter diggings, the gold fields were reported to be unlimited, the precious metal having been found throughout the adjacent country, towards the head of the Ovens, and also towards Albury. Robberies and acts of violence, unhappily, were too common, as the following narrative of dreadful murders detailed by a correspondent of the Empire, committed at the Ovens diggings, will show: This evening (Thursday) I received intelligence through a returned digger, who lett the Ovens on the 15th, that a number of barbarous murders had been committed in that locality, by a party of armed men, probaltly consisting of some of those diabolical wretches that have long been the terror of the traveller in the Black Forest. The informa tion conveyed by my informant is very scanty, but I hope to hear direct from the diggings in • day or two, when I will inform yea further. The first murder was committed on Mr. Marcus, who formerly kept a public house in Syd ney. He was met on the road by the party I have alluded to, who, fancying one of the horses in Mr. M's team, made • compulsory exchange, leaving in place of it a saddle horse. Soon after they left, Marcus got upon the exchange horse, and rode after the scoundrels. On coming up to them, _he remonstrated and threatened to have them appre hended. This exasperated them so much that they took him into the bush, and, tying him up to a tree, shot him ! One of the bullets entered the unfortunate man's fore head, between the eyes. Information was conveyed to the Commissioner, Mr. Clow, who proceeded immediately to the spot, and while in pursuit of the murderers he fell in with the body of Mr. James Sinclair, late of this town (Goulburn). The unfortunate gentleman had been on hie way from the diggings to Albury, with a considerable sum of money (it is said PO/. in sovereigns). Ile was met by the bushrangers and tied up to a tree and shot through the head. The bodies of Mr. Manua and Mr. Sinclair were about eight miles apart. The body of a third person woo found by my informant lying in • creek on the Woodongs Creek road. There were many pistol-..hot wounds in the head. The commissioner pursued the bushranger as fax as Turcutta, whets all trawl of their route became ohlit, rated. The diggings are described as being in a most law less state ; tents are cut open during tla nigl t fur the sake of even an ounce of gold. The police force is very small. The depredations of the greatest consequence are committed on the Sydney side of the Morriy, ow in: , to most of the goll colninf this way. The ysrlds continue to be very luxe. One party in a week got 110ibs. weight ; another party made 2001 a man in three weeks. At the webtern gold field the advent of Bunucr BY GOYERNBIST ISCORT. Ouseer. From Oct. 1,18.51, to Aug. 26, 1852 From Ang. 26 to Sept. 25 From Sept. 25 to Nov. 15 From Nov. 15 to Ike 30 154,746 Total 1,406,744 Bl ritIVATZ ESCORT. Ounces. From June 21 to Aug. 21 307,588 From Aug. 21 to Sept. 25 From Sept. 25 to Nor. 13 Flom NJT. 15 to Dee. 30 - 878,959 Conveyed to Adelaide by Escorts Total conveyed by Escorts But this amnunt by a means represents the total yield of our gold fl ids. fn a previous summary we proved tbut a large proportion of the precious metal was carried from the diggings by private hand, by comparing the amount known to have been brought to Melbourne by the far larger amount actually shipped from the port. Our first sum mary showed the result of a very careful estimate as prov ing that, up to the slid of August last, the total yield of gold was 2,532.422 uunces. The escorts have brought down since Then as under : Ounces. From Aug. 26 to Sept. 27 Frotn Sept. 27 to Nov. 15 From Nov. 15 to Dec. 30 496,104 Total 1,332,636 Dot to this amount something must be added for the quantity conveyed by private hand within that period. Of course no definite data exist for ascertaining this; but it will not be over-estimated by taking it at ten per cent. of the quantity brought by escort. The totals would there fore stand thus : Estimated total of the yield up to August 2,532,422 Conveyed by mint since than 1,332,636 It private hand 133,263 Estimated grand total of the yield up to 3:lth Dec., 1852 3 ,99 8 ,321 We may Pay, in round number', four millions of ounces, which, at 70s. per ounce, is fourteen millions sterling; but its instrilude value is certainly more—nearly siatecn millions sterling. The world hu never. perhaps, exhibited so astounding a (cult as these figures show. This astonishing out-turn of the Victoria diggings had been obtained chiefly by human labour, rnost unassisted by machinery, the ordinary and hasty operations of diggers allowing much to escape. The gold of Victoria is considerably finer than that of Sew South Wake, and realises 2s. 6d. an ounce more in the Sydney market. Some unprincipled gold brokers, however, have resorted to dishonest dealings, and the public arc cautioned to beware. ADELAIDE. Although the process of developing these diggings is blow the latest received accounts are highly favour able. A correspondent, writing from Echunga, January 8, says that miners are not only too sanguine but that they too readily abandon the holes made in one place for some other reported to be more profit able, instead of persevering in the same neigh bourhood. Some of the miners had obtained a fair :amount at Long Gully, after a month's unremitting exertions; the yield being about an ounce to the horse cart-load of earth. Some lucrative employment is found at Chapman's Gully. The particles are small, but the quantity I obtained is highly satisfactory. Tho total number of licences issued from the 23rd August to the 29th December at the Echunga diggings was 1,208, of which 106 were renewed twice, and 7 were renewed three times. The number now in force is 180. From the last mentioned facts it would not appear that the gold fields of this province were profitable, but the fact of gold being found is sufficient ground to pursue the search with more zeal. VAN DIEMEN'S LAND. Although there apron little doubt of the exist ence of the precious metal in the colony, the pre vious announcement or its discovery in abundance appears not to have received ooniirmition. NEW ZEALAND. The information received from Auckland confirms the tact of a genuine discovery of the precious metal, but no details have been received of the ex tent to which gold had been obtained. VICTORIA. Melbourne journals are to the 3rd of January. The Chusan, with the India and English mail, per over land, via Singapore, and the Great Britain for Liver pool direct, left Melbourne on Jan. 3. The wool harvest had been got in without any great trouble or ruinous expense, and was in course of exportation in a favourable condition. The large increase of population necessarily caused a continuous gain of the carcass upon the fleece, so that the price of the latter would obviously increase with the rapid influx of emigrants. The prospects of the cereal crops were sot good, and very large importations would be necessary to feed the people. Although no sufficient data were e,vailable for determining the permanent increase of the population, it was estimated that the arrivals had aggregated 80,000, the majority of whom were actual immigrants, thus swelling the population of Victoria to more than 200,000 souls. New comers experienced great inconvenience from the continued want of house accommodation : The pyice of labour is far above remunerative to the house builder. Tents were erected iu all directions—on the bask of the Yarra Yarn no less than 5,000 persons were domiciled in tents. Wooden cottages are springing up in all di rections. Private individuals have subscribed 4,000 L, and the government 8,0001., to provide temporary shelter for newly-arrived immigrants. The Wesleyan methodists have erected temporary buildings for the reception of members of their own denomination. Notwithstanding all these efforts great privation is experienced. The overcrowding of the city and the neglect of sanitary regulations have been signally disastrous in some cases. The value of city property is extravagantly high, and rents are extreme. The Argus pronounces the political condi tion of the colony to be as unsatis factory as ever it was, and there seems to be little hope of immediate improvement, but the colo nists' minds being taken up with money making their attention is not d:rected to polities. Many of the older members of the legislature were leaving for England, and their plse.ce were so difficult to be supplied that seats in the council were going a begging. SOUTH AUSTRALIA, Adelaide journals are received by the same oppor hooky to the 10th of January. The Royal Austra liaa sail steamer left for Cape and England on Dec. 17. The &wriest+ of gold by the .-)vtrlaud escort continued unabated—the last escort brioqing down 27,033 ounces, valued at 95,9691. The deaveries of crude gold a; the :way department aggregated for the pest year 1,443,7611.; this, of course, does not exhibit the quantity introduced into the colony, which is estimated at two millions sterling. The banks have received gold in gots to the amount of 372,107 ounces. On December 24, the 11. gold tokens were issued from the Assay-office, and will confer a very great advantage on the colony by furnishing at least one kind of currency so much needed. There was a great influx of passengers, and a decided reaction in favour of the colony; for example, the arrivals from Dec. 11 to Jan. 1 aggregated 1,912 persons, while the de partures did not exceed 766, showing a decided ba lance in favour of immigration. The late departures for Melbourne were returning to their families at Ade laide with the reward of their industry, and to de vote their attention to the newly-discovered diggings so near their own homes, and the city, which 12 months ago was described as a " deserted village" once more itself again. Prosperity was smiling over the colony. The land sales were to an extent of 0,741 acres, sold at 10,2931., between the 23rd Dec., 1832, and Jan. 6, 1833. NEW SOUTH WALES. - . Sydney papers andaci;ices 1;;;;1;t; received via Singapore (at which plaice the mail steamer Chusan bait arrived) to the 2 ith of December. Notwith standing the greater facilities availing for persons wishing to quit the place for the sister colony, Vic toria, the recent returns of the population of Sydney ' show not merely an increase in the arrivals, but that the large numbers who were attracted to Victoria a few months previous were gradually returning to the colony. For the quarter commencing Oct. 1, and ending Dec. 31, the balance of persona arriving over those who have left was estimated at 10,000. Still labour was much demanded : wages had begun to give way, but in all trades connected with build ing the demand far exceeded the supply. Several public and hundreds of private buildings were un commenced, from the total impossibility of getting men to execute them. In the country dis tricts, matters of course were much worse. The formation of railways was about to be commenced upon in earnest. • The arrival of Mr. 'Wallace, a talented engineer in the service of the railway com pany, had been hailed as an event. In aid of the undertaking the government has undertaken to con vey from England 300 railway labourers at the ex pense of the emigration fund. These men were expected to reach Sydney early in the current year. Even the finuncial difficulties attendant on such an undertaking had been most liberally provided against, although somewhat tardily, by the interposition of the legislature. To the extent 0f'130,000/., the pub lic funds are pledged to add 1501. to every 1001. in vested in the railway by the private capitalist. Should this arrangement be carried out by private capitalists to the extent of 100,0001., the fund, avail able for the immediate purposes of the company will be a quarter of a million sterling. AU STI tALI AN MARKETS. GOLD. SYDNEY GOLD CIRCULAR. The Christmas holidays have come round once more, but without producing that diminution in the produce of our mines which might have been expected. On the contrary, indeed, the quantities at all the diggings have slightly in creased. Some of the few parties lett at Rouging Rock in the north, appear to be doing extremely well, as much as 73 ounces and 46 ounces per week having been obtained. Rocky River continues to rise in favour, and to afford pro fitable employment for those who are working there, v ith abundance of room for more. Two additional reports from the Rev. W. B. Clarke, on the northern gold fields, have reached us, which we shall notice in our next. A gleam of sunshine has at length gladdened the hearts of the owners of the Turon bed claims. During the past week some of them have been able to get to work, one claim yielding ii. a single day Nibs., and on the following day 40 ounces gold, while several others average from 10 ounces to 20 ounces per day. A few parties on the Tuena are doing a moderate stroke. Mundy Flat still continues very rich, some parties making 8 ounces per day. The numbers at the Meroo and,Louisa Creek are on the in crease, and Spicer's Creek is favourably mentioned. Our private advice, from the south inform us that there is not much doing at Bell's Creek and Major's Creek, with the excemion of some few parties who own good hank claims. At Bell's paddock, however, the diffusion of prosperity is almost universal, the more successful making as much as 15 or 20 ounces per day. There was an increase of num bers on all the diggings in this neighbourhood, so that we may look for considerable addition to the usual supply. We notice with pleasure the passing of the new" Act for Regn• lating the Management of the Gold Fields," which we shall review at some length in our next. Several of its provi sions will, we think, give universal satisfaction. We can not forbear an expression of surprise at the unwarrantable attack made upon Mr. Hargraves in the Legislative Council. That this gentleman did arouse attention to our boundless stores of gold is beyond a question, and that he has never proclaimed himself the feeding geologist of the cobny is equally certain. With what justice, then the language employed can be applied to him, we are at a loss to conceive. The escorts brought down—from Braid wood, 331 ox. ; from Major's Creek, 321 ox. ; from Hanging Rock, 1,345 oz.; from Bingera, 73 ox. ; from Bathurst, 209 oz. ; from Sofala, 1,408 ox. ; from Tainbaroura, 439 oz. ; from Memo, 317 oz.; and from Madgee, 219 es. And the mails —from Murrnrundi, 61 ox. ; from Bathurst, 70 ox. ; from Wellington, 35 oz. ; from Gundegai, 68 oz.; from Molting, 7 oz. ; from Sofele, 152 ox. ; from Braidwood, 23 cx.,—mak ing in all, 5,078 ox. ; value stout 17,0001. The price has remained without variation during the week, and may be quoted at 725. 9d. for Victoria, and 70s. 6d. for New South Wales. The exports since our last have been : December 20 :—Great Britain, for Lon don Which, at 63]. per ounce, gives Add previous export Total exports to this date £3,212,294 12 0 Exchange on London drafts against geld, nominally 8 per cent. discount. Freight id. per cent. 474, George• street, Dec. 24. OEOIIOII A. LLOYD. Gold has maintained an upward tendency this week, owing to the demand for shipment by the Great Britain and the Ballarat, which was materially increased, by the agents of the Great Britain reducing the freight to 40. per ounce, the SUM as ships, and their erasing from the bills of lading the clauses that were considered objectionable. Although not cleared out at the Customs, there is already on board of the Great Britain and the Ballarat over 150,000 ounces. The price of gold left off at 70s. 3d., being an ad vance on last week of 3d. per ounce. The news from Fryer's Creek is encouraging, several parties having suooeeded in realising large quantities from spots that have been overlooked in the general nub to reported new fields. The Ovens is also increasing in productiveness, as the amount that has arrived this evening by escort shows. At Bendigo reports of dulness are rife; and at Ballarat the running about of the diggers from place to place is the cause of a falling off in quantrty. The vendors of the adulterated gold have been before the police, but a decision on the case has net yet been given. It has been found out that the manufacturers of the spurious metal base been et work for some considerable time, and the extent to which it has been supplied to a certain class of gold buyers is beyond belief. Number of persons who have arrived in the oolong this week _ . . Number of persons who have left Addition to our population this week 3,463 The government escort brought this week from os. Mount Alexander 10,300 Ballarat, including that left ►t Geelong 4,457 Ovens The Victoria Escort Company, from Mount Alexander Gold previously shipped from Victoria £2,401,616 Per John Taylor, for London Sir Robert Sale, from Geelong to ditto Warta, for Sydney 2,209 Rajah Wallie, for dig* Joshua, for London 6,733 Emma, from Geelong to Sydney Or, 181 tons 18cwt. 2qr. 51b. 90z., at M..... £8,551,141 Exchange on London on drafts against gold, hypothecated 401. per ounce, 10 per cent. discount. Freight of gold, delivered at the Bullion-office, London, 41d. per ounce, and sic by steamer. EDWARD Bullion Broker, 56, Collins-street West. January 1, 1853. GEELONG GOLD CIRCULAR. . _ Since last circular, there has been very little matter of interest from our gold fields. It will be men by the escort returns that there h a falling off in the amount, which is easily accounted for be the diggers having knocked off work, and keeping up the festivities of the season in -ight good earnest, so is the report of those from the spot. Many are still doing well at Creswiek's Creek and Canadian Gully, and it is the general opinion that some very rich spots will be struck in these districts. At the Ovens,.the, quantities seem increasing, and from all reports, when fairly opened up, it is likely to he a highly remunera tive field. The price this week is still at the previous quotations, lots have b-en eagerly sought for to ship by the Great Britain, but the eagerness to buy during the last few days has had no sensible effect on the price. The freight by the steamer has been reduced 2d. per ounce, at bast as far as the Great Britain le concerned; had the change in the rate been announced earlier, she would have taken a a er) witch great quantity. The geld at pre sent rates is still in favour of remittance, and there seems a margin of profit over and above that by the transmission of the hank drafts. Our gold turning rut so well in the Englials atay r hal girt* a conlidency in A area 4 the Wei current rates. Since the last circular, there has arrived b escort, as follows: ex. Govrrnment escort, Mouut Alexander DJ. d 3. BAtlarat 4,07 Do. do. Chem 17,000 Trivato do. Mount Alva :oder 20,347 47,995 Eachlinge an Conlon dralls against gold 10s. p r cent. on 40s. advance freight et golf' &lir. red in Lmn.len. W. per mince. _ _ W. l'Arearox. A. Jan. Ist, 1853. LABOUR. )lELBOVRNE LARUL`It MAUKtr, JAN. 1, 1843.-The demand for all kinds of servants still contianes. The rats of wages is as foilows:-Married couples (without family). per annum, with rations, 601. to 751.; ditto, 'first fami ly, 60/. to G 5/. ; shepherds, with rations, per annum. 35/. to 401. ; h o tkeencrs, with rations, per annum, 10... to 331. ; general useful sere.tuts, with rAtielllll, per annum, 651. to 601 ; bullock drivers, wilt rations, 21. 19s. to 3!. per week; bullock drivers for 1:10 roads, per week, 3!. to 3'. 10*. ; gar deners, per annum, with rations, 601. to 631.; conks (male), 21. to 31. per week; waiters, per week, from 20s. to 30s. ; grooms, per week, 200. t, 30s. ; carpenter., go id house, town work, per day, 18a. to zO6. ; bush earpcii , era, with rations, 12s. to 20s. ; stockkeepers, with rations, :At/. to Gil.; blacksmiths, accustanutil to cruittry work and to horse shoeing, pi r day, from 235. to 30.. ; general firm rvauts, weekly, 11. to 11. 10-.; co:npositors, 2s. per thousand; press men, 41. to 5!. per week ; shearers, 11. lOs. to 11. las. per hundred, and ratioss; washers, 1/. as. to 11. 10s. per week, and rations; seamen for Lund on, .50/. for the run home, or 14/. per month ; seamen fir Calcutta, for the run, 401.; coasting, 8/. per month. Female servants- Thorough ser vants, 201. to 331. per annum ; housemaid., per annum, 261. to 351.; laundriises, per annum, 301. to 341. ; nursemaids, per annum, 20/. to 261.; conks. per annum, 35?. to 401.- itlcCoumaert AND SUN, Gent rat 11..gistry Office, Bourke street. PRODUCE, &e. SYDNEY. DEC. 23. Being holiday time business is entirely stiapesedeTl,eiCept indeed fur the purpossmi of enjoyment, which the lower cla.sse. in Sydney seem to be partaking of to a pretty good figure. The demand by tho trade for consumption during the last fo,tnight has been great, and the consequence has 1,. en that in the face of a cessation of exit trtatiou to your market, and the large supplies which we are receiving, prices on the whole keep very firm. The advice. from your city are, however, of too depress ing a character not to have that. eft et on our market, w;icti the present temporary (Atilt:mesa is over. For Same lead ing articles IL look fur very weiterial reduction:. Flour is gone down to 221., and your market is cu critical that it may go lower, particularly if V.D.l.and and South A ustralia should choose to send their produce to our mark t, in erele rence to yours. Brandy : Some few parcels have b. cu tarred at 11.., but there is a general re inctince to speculate in the article, as the importations seem likely to be very large. Rum : Large quantal. h•:ve lately arrived, and the price is slightly reduced. Strong E.sst India may be quoted at 2..91. to 3t. Gin, 21i. to 22.. ; li, er in casks in ;treat de in sod, both ale slid port. r, best brand•, fetching 8/. los. to 9/. ; bottled beer, Bass',, Id:. 91. ; cigars, 2a, 721. fid. to 755. ; 3a, 8.5.. to 90s. ; tobacco. nothing at all doing, stock very large, and sales dull. Sugar in great demand. The Australian Sugar Company are rho only holdera of raw sugars, and the price is eonw quretly well kept rip ; good Manilla realises 22.. Teas : rho market very bare, parti cularly good qualities ; good skins, 85s. ; Cosigous, 935. Gold : Pert Phillip, 725. Pd. ; N.S.W., 70e. 9d. MELBOUNE, JAN. 1. We are again able to quote active markets, whether it be in foreign merchandise cr in evluni..l produce; indeed, the consumption has created an impetus :hat will be a long time wearing out. preventing a glut and consequent depression of prices, whilst the extra freightage from Great Britain, and the heavy charges incurred in our port for transmission of goals adtis ►s.othcr cause ter Ito continuation of high rates. The demand for stout and puntr has been very great, and we believe the stock to be very light; increased rates are quoted for tlicee!articles 8/. to 91. per hhd. is at present the market value for good London brands. Ale has been readily bought on moderate terms. Spirits and wines continue to receive attention. Cider in bottle taken freely. Teas have arrived during the past week, the value of this commodity remains steady. There is a good inquiry for small packages. Green teas of first quality are wanted. A few 'equities have been made for hops of tine quality. Pickles s:e sought for, and high rates paid. bsrdinea, lobst. r, end salmon, also herrings in tins are all wanted. Pipes:continue se irce. Tobacco, large quantity on hand, and prices Inaking downward. Flour continues to come in, and the value of this article has not improved ; holden appear inclined to give way in price, rather than incur the heavy expenses of warehousing, dc. Imported hams, bacon, and cheese, have realised good priccs, and, being articles lit every day consumption, will probably bring remunerative quotations fur some time. Liverpool salt is scarce, and wanted. Whiting is also asked for. Slates and timber command high rates, the &mend being vary great. aro high and likely to pay im porters for come period. Iron and wooden houses arc very saleable on paying terms. Boots and shoes are lower, and invoices not FO tree of sale as throe menthe ago. There is still a tolerable inquiry for good: of good workmanship, and suitable for the time of year. The trade are fairly supplied with stock. GEELONG, llsc. 31. In produce and suppiiss there is little or no alteration since last week. Fin: llonr may be quoted at 251. to 261. ; seconds, at 221. to '231. ; bran, 25. GI to Bs. per bushel ; potatoes, 161.; oats, I*..:s. to 151. ; wheat, 90.; maize, 7a.; ' three bushel sacks, 151. per dozen ; woolpacks, 3s. 9d. each ; twine, Is. 3d. per lb. ; hysou skin, g ml, 41. 10s. to 51. ; second quality, 3:. 105. ; coaguu, 51. 10s. Sugar : Mauritius, 221. to 261.; ratien, 221. Tobacco : Barrett's, Is. 9d. to 2s. ; Kerr's, Is. 3,1. ; keg, BM. to Is. Cigars, 71. Soap, 381. Candles : Ta:low, 71d. ; sperm. 10. 6d. Bacon and hams, Is. 3d. to le. Gd. Cheese : Colonial, ls. 3d. ; English, Is. 6d. Butter, of good quality, IL 44. to ls. 9d. Tarpaulins, 3s. per o ord, made up. Hay, 121. to 161. per tou. Coals, 51. to W. 10s. The stock market may be quoted nearly the aline as last week. Heavy draught horses, 55/. to 701.; inferior, 351. to 5J1.; good hacks, 301. to 35/. ; inferior, 151. to 2.51. ; working bullocks, 161. to 241. per pair; fat beasts, good, 61. to 71. ; sheep, 16s. fur goon weights ; bullock drays, 301. to 401. Horse cub and drays, 30/. to 401. Spring costs, 35!. to 45/. ELECTION EXPOSURES. WITHDRAWAL OF THE NORWICH ELEC. TION PETITIONS. EXLXINATION OF COLONEL FOXINTER, MR. BAOOE, XL BENTINCK, AND MR. BROWN. Yesterday, the committee—sr. Duncombe in the chair— was again crowded to escess, both by members of the house —chiefly connected with the clubs, Conservative and Carl ton—as well as by a general public audience; and so deeply interested were many hon, members, that they did not hesi tate, for want of standing room, to elevate themselves upon every available panel or partition that presented a feasible foothold. The two pliant colonels were again confronted, and their military and moustachied demeanour, and sol dierly and sang froid sallies, excited a sustained sensation. Colonel Forester, on being recalled and cross.examined by Colonel Dickson, said-1 do not recollect the meeting at Brown's office, when Kitten, and Collins, and Brown went through the bribery eases. I do not recollect going through the bribery cases with Brown, on that occasion. Cannot say whether I wrote to Colonel Knox or Lord Ranelagh, with reference to applying to you not to push the subject of the petitien. I considered Brown would he in a scrape if he was brought be(oru a committee of the House of Com mons for being accused of having withdrawn the petition, as Kitton'had stated, without his authority. Brown told me he had Kitton's authority, and I think he was consequently perfectly justified in wit'Arawing the petition. I was two or three times at Brown's nib e, but cannot fix the date. Colonel Dickson—lt appear; i) me perfectly extraordi nary that you should not remember hearing the reading of the bribery cases at Brown's office, and Brown's saying, " That's good—that's esoellont—mark that." We were all together, and it appears to me that Colonel Forester's recollection is— Colonel Forester. cross•examined by Colonel Dickson, "` continued—l wrote a long letter to Fitton on the 16th, begging of him not to do anything till he saw me. I do not know whit you mean when you ask me if I have not been striving in every way to shelter Brown. Do you call speaking to Colonel Knox to ask you not to bring the matter forward screening Brown ? I asked Colonel Knox to appease you, and not to bring the matter forward and make a disturbance. I knew Colonel Knox was going to see you with Lord Ranelagh on baldness, and I thought they might perhaps persuade you not to be so violent as you were. (Laughter.) I think Lard Ranelugh said that, from what he had heard, he thought you had been ill-treated. I presume on the petition being withdrawn. I did not hear Brown say he would soon settle that matter, and that he would go or get Lord Itcnelagh to go to Lord Lansdale, and that that "screw " would make Dickson bold hard. (Laughter.) Colonel Dickson (who stood with arms folded throughout the examination, the witness being seated)—And now, sir, you have thrown out an iminuation that I have produced your private letters written in that little, clerk, hybrid apartment, of a civil, and military, and electioneering na ture, at tke Carlton—that efacial residence of yours. (Laughter.) Mr. Drummond objectA to the questions being put in this insinuatny manner. Col. Forester—l have not been here when that took place. I enn't know a hat ..c means. Do you mean when I saw you ? The Chairman—When Colonel Dickson called at the Carlton. Cul. Dickson—l tl ink it is necessary I should defend my self as to the charge of producing private letters. I mean the little dark ro. , in at t'lc Carlton where you wrote your letters. _ . Col. Forester—l consider that, between gentlemen, all letters written— Col. Dickson—Upon business— Col. Forester—Upon business, with regard to electioneer lag, are considered private as between one individual gen tleman and another. That is my opinion. I wrote at * time when we were on terms of friendship. I might have said other things in tlin::e letters which were disagreeable, and might hare compromise I other people, and yolt produce those letters without tie. sanction of the gentlemen who wrote these lett vs—(Applauce from one or two parties in the room, which was met wilt erica of "Order I—and without tn.Mg C It d uiwn'.•> GI, committee. 1 con,ler that i• a course oue gentleman ought not to pursue towards another. Colonel Diason—Tne two letters are before the commit tee—an de6ixing me 9.), tilt: part ut yo areal' and Mr. kui bra I ~ ~~~ 1 4