The Express. — London, England, 1848-01-18 00:00:00

111 4 0 xprise, :ra had —Captain the bli?!. era. This then pro pplicants, ted being of seven Ation took ,ho 12 =it :hair after directors present in n 10 . boys The re- I suboolg -311. 3s. h dd . hutable to ry dinner generally luring the offered to Brow and :he report nds of the s preached In con high price , I that their didates on srdered to distribute youths of bsequentli upg people and four se be the ,ruing cari layor, the successful &. Walton, J. ShowelL ;separated. Totts.—So,—" Rustious," in replying to the g ore fended '• Parliamentary Prospects," in the late a gmber al Hu Qnarterly Review, no doubt thinks he has out aam Oyer oppression, when he states ; . It is riartssar hse that the soared taxes are a most grievous s m ili. ill the odidie elassta." He then instances that faro doss, me he Was it, of householders who have god resew of 4001. or 500 i per annum ; then follows the ei gellea ores of a clergyman, sr other householder, with an wo w 0 14001. or 5001: a year. If such as his supposed cams corgrievously, what does the following ? "I, a shop in this town, for eabsiteses and an honourable live soot e mploy two men to travel for the sale of goods on low skeek, among small shopkeepers in the neighbourktOod, sag I ant taxed is follows : erms £4 14 0 Two b MP dog 0 8 0 crops, a ores servants bring • bzobsior £8 0 4 lOper C 7 6 0 0 14 4 Thy died So sn Meow-tax of 200 per annum on my ' , i mam., would make a direct tax of ........ - - /13 17 0 / eight justly ask, is the man of fortune, of even 4001. or ic a poi annum only, taxed in this proportion ? The pa ps tato conducts • business of this sort, probably does not ma ple y above a few hundreds of pounds, but it is well known s gesd income of 4001. or 500 . 1 per annum represents • capi tal of 8,0001. or 10,0001. Being the son of a farmer, I see the inequality of taxation more clearly in this case of the ihopkeeper (myself) and the farmer. My native township g amins about 1,500 acres of land; net • dog, horse, car irjoge,: window, or man servant tax is paid, except by one Fo s who occupies 400 acres of land, and he only pays For saddle horse .C 1 11 9 10 pa aim 0 PI 11 8 Is this a fair mode of taxation ? While I pay 81. Os. 4d. as sailed taxes, an estate producing 3,0001. per annum, only has me tax payer to the amount of 11 lls. Bd. annually, Ciro. .41alifax, Jan. 14. TRICKS Op TRAVELLERS.—The London and North w rite r:, Railway Company have adopted the profitable m edia of requiring all passengers proceeding from the ig own -square terminus to show their tickets immediately f urious to the starting of the trains. That railrsway cont. ra ise do suffer from the " tricks of travellers ," may be gathered from the fact, that the first six trains so examined p aged 601. from passengers who had seated themselves without tickets, and the great majority of whom had, no doubt, well considered the mode in which they could escape t h e v igilance of the railway servants at various stations.— Boilsoay Record. SUICIDE OF SIR JOHN MILDMAY.—Sir Jobu Mild may Bart died by his own hands, at an early hour ye,ter , day morning, at his residence, No. 6, HalkinAerrace, Bel pm-square. For several days past his valet had noticed that he appeared depressed in spirit*, but on Sunday the deceased appeared somewhat better, when he retired to res., between 11 and 12 o'clock, and nothing more was heard or s een of him until shortly before .5 o'clock yesterday morn ing, when his valet was awoke by a deadened report of fire arms, lie went up-stairs to Sir John's bedchamber, when, en en tering the room, he was horror-stricken on discovering his master lying prostrate on the carpet weltering in his Mood anti lifeless, his head completely shattered. A small double barrel holster pistol, which had been recently dis charged, was lying close to his right hand, and had dently been di s charged in the mouth. Several medical gentl em en were promptly in attendance, who pronounsd USA to have been instantaneous. Captain Mildmay, a son who resides in Chesham place, was informed of die melancholy event, and in the course of yesterday in ibrestion was conveyed to Mr. Wakley, M.P., the coroner in Middlesex, in whose district the body lies, and who will hoiden inquest on Wednesday morning. INQUESTS, YESTERDAY.—SUICIDE OP A COMMER CIAL TRAVIILLBR.—By Mr. Baker, at the Swan Tavern, nevost-nreet, City-road, on the body of Mr. Jill. Barlu, aged 37, a commercial traveller. Deceased had, until very recently, been a man of temperate habits, but in consequence d very heavy pecuniary losses by business speculations, he became exceedingly despondent, and addicted himself to drink. A short time since, he lost upwards of 8001. which is said to have caused great mental depres eion, and although not actually embarrassed, he seemed to entertain an erroneous apprehension that he should be reduced to poverty. On Friday night he drank a pint of brandy, and a considerable quantity of gin in addi tion. Of course he became insensible, and was put to bed. Next morning (Saturday), a report was heard after his wife had left the room, and upon proceeding to the bedroom again, the deceased was found weltering in his g ore, with his head frightfully shattered. Verdict—" Temporary insanity."— 'STARTLING DISCOVERY IN A RAILWAY CARRIAGE.— By Mr. Payne, at the Vestry Hall, liorselydown, re named for the third time, concerning the death of a newly born female child. On the 24th of Decem ber, upon the arrival of the Dover train at London-bridge, one of the servants, while searching one of the second-class carriages, discovered a brown paper parcel lying on the floor under the seat, and not finding any direction on the outside, he opened it, and found it to contain the body of a newly born female child. There were several marks of violence on the head, and the umbilical cord had been partially secured. —Mr. Mead, the summoning officer, stated that he and the police had used every means to find out the guilty parties ; but they were quite unable to throw any light on the mys tery of the case.—Verdict" Found dead from suffocation, but by what means such was caused there was not sufficient evidence to prove." THE ACCIDENT ON THE SOUTH WESTERN RAILWAY.—INQUEST. The inquest upon the body of David Markland, the engine driver, who met his death on Friday night last by the collision of two trains between Farnborough and Wo king, was held lastevening by Mr. C. J. Woods, the coroner for Vest Surrey, at the Railway-hotel, near the Woking Dstation. The railway comp any were represented by Mr. hymple, their solicitor, Mr. Stovin, the general traffic manager ; Mr. Gooch, the superintendent of the carriage de portment ; and Mr. Godson, the superintendent of the pas senger department at Vauxhall. Mr. Gaines, the attorney, attended on the part of Brownsmith, the guard of the lug. gage train which ran into the passenger train and occa sioned the accident, and who was on Saturday charged at the police-office with negligence, but discharged by Mr. El liott, the magistrate, as reported in the Eapress of yesterday. The jury haring been sworn, Mr. Dalrymple, in reply to a question put by the Coroner, said be was in attendance on the part of the company to give any explanations the coroner and jury might require, and had brought with him all those servants of the company who were in a position to give any information on the subject. Re had washed to have present the two parties, Jones and Fleming, the engine driver and fireman of the luggage train, who were now in custody hut Mr. Elliott, the ma gistrate, had refused to issue the necessary order for that In Tre e 6oroner Is there any government regulation re quiring you to give notice to the railway commissioners of any accident that occurs 2—Mr. Dalrymple : There is, and we have given the notice.—The Coroner : Is there any one here on the part of the railway commissioners ?—Mr. Dal tymple : Not that I am aware of. The Coroner then addressed the jury. He said they were called together to inquire into the circumstances connected with the death 1:1. David Markland, an engine driver, em ployed on the South Western Railway, who had met ith a madden and violent death owing to a collision between two trains, a passenger and a luggage train, the former having been overtaken and run into by the latter. At first eight it might appear extraordinary that a passenger train should be overtaken by a luggage train ; but from what he could under stand, he believed it would appear, that in consequence of some defect in the engine of the pamenger train it had become stationary, and that the deceased was engage d in re pairing such defect at the time the collision took place. At the present day, when railways had become almost the only Means of transit, it was the bounden duty of railway direc tor, to take every proper precaution to preserve the lives of their passengers, and to prevent accident. It was their duty to lay down efficient rules and regulations for the guidance of their servants, and it was the strict duty of those parties to adhere to those rules and regulations in every par ticular. It was necessary also that the execution of those rules and regulations should be entrusted only to men of known character for steadiness and sobriety. In making these observations he bad no wish to prejudge the case, of the circumstances of which he knew nothing except what he had observed in the London newspapers. It would be their duty to ascertain whether the death of the unfortunate man was the result of an accident which it was impossible to prevent—or, on the other hand, whether it had arisen from wilful negligence. It was scarcely necessary for him to point out to them that if any of the company's servants or other persons should be proved to have been guilty of wilful and culpable neglect, it would be their duty to return such a verdict as would bring those persons before another and more competent tribunal. He did not think it at all probable that they would be ena bled to complete the inquiry that evening. It appeared that two persons were already in custody, and under remand by a Lon&n magistrate, both of whom they might require should be brought before them. Application had been made, it seemed, to the magistrate to p e rmit their attendance, but he bad refused. Before the termination of the case it might be come necessary for him (the coroner) to make a formal ap plication on the subject. At present he proposed that they should take evidence as to the identity of the body ; and, after obtaining from other witnesses a general outline of the case, he should suggest an adjournment to a future day. The jury then proceeded to view the body, which wa e s c lyn in an outhouse at the station. The injuries of the doa appeared to be confined to one shoulder and the head—the letter being crushed in a dreadful manner, the brain pro truding both back and front. It is evident, from the nature of the injuries, that death must have been instan taneous. On the return of the jury the following witnesses were examined. Mr. David Nicholson, surveyor and builder of Wands. worth, who identified the body as that of David Markland, one of the engine.drivers of the South Western Railway Company I was a passenger by the 6 p.m. train from Southampton on Friday last. The train kept very time until coming down the Frimley embankment, where we CAM to a standstill, in consequence, as I ards un derstood, of the engine being out o f gear. t e rnn. put my head out of the window, and asked if we were likely to be detained long : the answer was, "No, not long, perhaps five minutes." I retained my seat for a few moments, but another gentleman (Mr. Young), who is an officer of the earnestly, got out. I asked him if we should be detained 4 °4. He said, " No, not long." I asked Mr. Young if he had sent the usual signal lamp of danger to the rear of the train. lie said he bad. It was a beautiful moonlight sight, and I could ire nearly three miles along the line towards Southampton. Mr. Young told me he had directed the under guard to go back with the signal THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 18, 1848. guilt, and become penitent. They are constantly at 1 tended by the Limerick clergy and Sisters of Mercy. ' It is stated, and the movement of the troops in the provinoes warrants the report, that prior to the gene ral search for fire-arms, according to the proclama tions, the villages in the proclaimed districts will be occupied by a large military force. The Limerick Chronicle states that the Roman catholic prelates will hold another conference in Dublin upon the distress of their respective dioceses, prior to the meeting of parliament. There is ne foundation for the statement. Perhaps the origin lies in the solicitation of Conciliation-hall. There has been a revolt of the mechanics in Cork wearing the aspect of an illegal confederacy, and dangerous to the rights of free labour. It appears that local destitution and want of employment have drives a fireat many idle hands to seek employment on the railway works in the neighbourhood of the city. Many of these poor tradesmen obtained "a ' b," which excited some ill-will among the natives. This spirit at length reached a head on Friday, whoa 300 stonecutters, masons, aad carpenters struck work, and, after marching through the city, waited on Mr. Dargan's foreman on the Cork terminus of the Cashel Railway. They demanded the expulsion of the country intruders, who had to live as well as them selves, and which the employers bluntly resisted. The revolters yielded, and returned to work. baring been in the Baltic, it is thought by some that there I may be a hundred sail to the north of Blaedend, where, driven into darkness, and falling short of provisions, it is hard to say what will become of them. A vessel that left Bealleway just before the commencement of the late gale., was driven 80 miles beyond Faroe. There were no more then 14 days' provisions on board, but providentially she was able to make her way back to Scalloway during an in termission of the storm. States' or the Colonies. To the objection that an emi grant's life is one of hardship and suffering, there was but one reply, " We can't be worse off, muter, than we are now." If such is the hapless condition of the poor, what is that of the rate-payer ? Ltd year, in the township of Bradford, two rates ware laid, amounting to 3e. 13d., the last being laid in October. Already a new rate, number oue for the year 1848, has been laid ; it is a 3s. rate: and how many more will be wanted before the close of the year it would take a wise man to say. Heavy rates like these have hitherto been unknown in Bradford, and they certainly are not very agreeable now they are known. It is therefore, we repeat, a very serious question, demanding a prompt and reasonable answer, whether the town had not better seek to diminish this frightful weight of pauperism in its early stage, before it has become concrete and immovable." lamp. I walked round the tail of the train, and saw the usual signal lamps burning, the one tail light and the two side lights (red). I returned to the carriage on finding all was right, and took my seat. Finding the train did net proceed, I again got out and went to the engine. Mr. Young said he had sent for a pilot engine, which he expected every minute. I then saw a white light at a Con s! erable distance up the Fernley embankment coming from Southampton. We had been stationary &quarter of an hour or twenty minutes. I went to Mr. Young, and said this cannot be the pilot. He replied, " No, that would come from Woking ; it must he the good, train, but the guard is far enough a head of it to stop it in time." I then west back to the engine driver, Markland, why with another man was underneath the engine, and was driving a pie or con necting a coupling iron with the axle. Whiting, a guard, was there, kneeling down, holding alight, and the other man who was under the engine (the stoker) then got out of the way, leaving Markland underneath the engine lying on his right side. Marklaad said to the guard (Whiting), "By the time your passengers are seated I shall be all ?ilea." I then re turned to my seat, and had scarcely got seated when a tre mendous crush came, by which I was thrown forward and sustained some injury. I did not hear the other train ap proaching, but felt confident all was safe. When I got into the carriage I saw the white light, which was still at a con siderable distance. The noise of the steam on our engine might have prevented my hearing the approach of the luggage-train. By the concussion the carriage in which I was became disconnected and went forward, leaving a part of the train much behind. When I again got out of the carriage, I saw a man lying between the rails. It was the deceased. I assisted in removing him trom the rails. He was quite dead. The train then proceeded on its journey towards Woking, by the aid of a pilot engine, and on its arrival there the body of the man was deposi ted in the harness-room. It was a luggage train that ran into ours. There were no passengers in it. It was along luggage train, comprising a van number of trucks. I had known deceased ever since the opening of the line as a well-informed and study driver. I have understood since that he has left a wife and four children. (It was stated in the jury-room, but not in evidence, that Markland was the man usually chosen to drive the engine when the Queen or Prince Albert travelled on this line, and that he was known as one of the best and most intelli gent driven in the company's employ.] A Juror: Do you think there is any doubt about the red light being seen by those in charge of the luggage train ? Witness : Certainly not, if the engine-driver and stoker of the goods train were looking out as they ought to have been. I could not of course see the red light, as it was be hind me. It was full fifteen minutes from the time I saw the light of the goods train before the collision took place. Our train consisted of six or seven passenger carriages, and two trucks. There was a truck next the engine and another i or a guard van in the rear of the train. Mr. Dalrymple: After the passenger train had been stopped, was the proper precaution to signal the coming train taken ? Witness: Yes.—Mr. Dalrymple wished to ask if after the collision every attention was paid? Witness had reason to speak highly of the attention paid by the company's officers after the accident, net only at %Yoking, but at all the stations at which the train afterwards stopped, and also at the terminus at Nine Elms.—By the coroner: After Mr. Young had said he had sent the under guard back with the signal, I saw the figure of a man in the distance advancing towards the goods train, and I could also see the reflection of light from the lamp he held in his hand, Mr. Thomas Lawrence Beehan, editor of the Iliminhire Inelepenrkal, was a passenger by the 6 p.m. up train from Southampton on Friday last. Mr. Young and myself and another gentleman, a pay clerk belonging to the company, who joined us after we left Southampton, were the only per. eons in the same compartment of the carriage in which I rode. The trait stopped at a paint between Farnborough and Woking. I felt no alarm, knowing Mr. Young, the superintendent, was in the train. Afterwards I got out, and found that the deceased was repairing the engine. I un derstood from Mr. Young that a goods train was approach ing; bat on being told that a man had been sent back to signal it to stop, I was satisfied. After some time, having returned to my seat, I felt the earriage receive motion from behind,' and it appeared to be lifted up. It was all over in an instant. I escaped unhurt. I left the carriage then, and saw the last witting stumbling from another compart ment. I saw that the carriages of the train were separated. The carriage I was in was but little injured, but some of the other carriages were much shattered. The weather was sufficiently clear to enable one to distinguish object* at a considerable distance, but it did net strike me as being a moonlight night. By the Foreman : I did not examine the luggage-train after the accident, nor did I see whether the driver or stoker were on the engine. The people who were injured were conveyed at a slow pace to Woking. Mr. Young did not re turn to the carriage, but went to the engine, on which he remained during the rest of the journey. Mr. Nicholson reexamined : I went back to the luggage train after the accident, but did not see the driver or stoker. Mr. William Wadham Young: I am assistant-superin tendent of the London and South Western Railway Com pany. I wan passenger by the 5 p.m. up train from South ampton on Friday last. The train stopped about six miles on the Lyndon side of Farnborough. I got oat of the car riage in which I had been Fitting to ascertain the reason. The head guard, M. Whiting, and the deceased engine driver, told me that some part of the engine was out of order. The engine-driver said he did not think the accident would detain the train long. I went back to the carriage, and told Mr. Beehan what was the matter, and while in the carriage . saw Brownsmith, the under guard, go back. On inquiring found that Brownsinith had been sent back to signal thegoods train. I did not see the light in Brown. smith's hand, but saw him go to his van. I assisted in lighting the deceased and the stoker Calvert while repairing the engine. I gave directions for procuring &pilot engine from Woking. I should say the stopnage altogether lasted 25 minutes, and 10 or 15, minutes after the guard had been sent back with the signal. The usual red lights were attached to our train. There were five red lights altogether ; two about the middle of the train and three at the rear. On the approach of the coming train, it appearing to me that it did not shut off its steam as it ought, I requested Mr. Ward, the gentleman who was in the carriage with Mr. Beaten and myself, to run down the line. I followed him, as did a labourer. On ar riving at some distance down, I heard a shouting, and then the whistle of the luggage-train. I turned back to go to wards the passenger-train and the luggage-train mimed me, going at a great rate. I cannot undertake to say at what rate of erased it was going at the time. The whistle continued to mound as it passed me. I was about twenty yards from the trains when they came into collision. I ran forward and found that part of the passenger train had broken away. On in quiry, I found that the engine-driver, Markland, was killed. I am pretty well acquainted with the rules and regulations of the line. The train was due at Waking at eight. It was as near eight IPA possible when we came to a stand-still ;we were then between 2 and 3 miles from the Woking station. I did not observe that the train slackened its pace previoes to stopping. Ido not remember passing the luggage train. The Coroner : What are the regulations as to sigma lights ? Witness : Each passenger train has a red tail light, and at least two side lights of the same colour, that is, one at each side of the train. There is no regulation as to the parti cular carriages on which the side lights shall be placed, but they are usually placed near the guard's box, as being the most conspicuous part. In the case of a train ooming to an unexpected stand, there are certain regulations to be observed, a copy of which is furnished to every servant of the company. (It appeared by a copy of these regulations which was handed in by the witness, that one of their rules was, that, in case of any accident oc curring, the under guard should place a signal to stop not less than 600 yards from the rear of the train, and also place detonating en the line of any approaching train.) The detonating fog signal lights were not placed on the line in this case. I do net know why. The under guard bad them. The number of persons charge of a train are the head guard, the brakesman, the engineer, and the stoker. The head guard is next the engine, the brakeeman nearly at the end of the train. (The usual regulations to be ob served by the guards, firemen, &c., were then read.) A man of the name of W. Jones was the engine-driver of the luggage train on Friday night; Lewis Fleming was the s t o k e r ; Fortescue was the guard; and the brakesman was Hudd. The Coroner suggeeted that the evidence which had been given made it most important to have the two men, Jones and Fleming, brought forward, whether to be d iexamine as witnesses, or whether to be present as parties r plicated, it was not for him then to say. It would, however, be highly improper to continue the inquiry in their absence; and he would, therefore, make the necessary application to the mag istrates of Lambeth police office to enable them to attend. It was impossible to close the inquiry that evening, and as he would issue his wanent for the immediate removal of the body, there would be no inconvenience by the delay. He was also anxious to have an opportunity of looking through the rules and regu lations laid down by the company for the guidance of their servants, before proceeding further with the investigation. Examination resumed.—A Juror Was everything done that ought to be done for the safety of the passenger train ? —Witness : As far as I saw, it was.—Juror Is there any means of communication between the guard and driver along the carriages to the engine ?—Witness : No.—Juror : When you saw the luggage train coming on, where were the driver and stoker ?—Witness : On the engine h ; were the one w as blowing his whistle, tad bot looking ahead.—Juror; Were they in liquor or not? —Witness; I have not the least idea.—The Coroner : That is an important part of the inquiry ; and I hope the gentlemen connected with the railway will obtain informa tion on that point.—Mr. Dalrymple : I shall take care to do so.—A Juror : Not only as to their sate on their arrival at Woking and in London, but while at the last previous sta tion at which they stopped . —The Coroner : I understand Thomas Fortescue, the guard of the luggage train, is seriously hurt ?—Mr. Young :He is.—Mr. Fletcher. a medical gen tleman, said Fortescue would not in all probability be able to attend for the next month or six weeks. The inquiry was then adjourned to Thursday morning, at o'clock. IRELAND. Duzuw, JAN. 16. Bills of indictment have been prepared in six dis tinct cases of murder at the Clare commission. At the adjourned commission for Limerick there remain for trial twelve cases of murder and of conspiracy to murder. Including this batch there are altogether in Limerick gaol 93 persons awaiting the return of I the commission. The catalogue is both long and dark. There are 375 prisoners in Clonmel gaol, of whom 20 are charged with murder. Ryan (Pack), Dee, and Renahan, who are to die on the 7th of February, have all acknowledged their PROVINCIAL. ABOLITION OP CAPITAL PUN ISTIMENT.—A public meeting of the promoters of this object was held in Liver pool on Friday, Mr. W. Rathbone in the chair.—The chair man adduced the concurrent evidence of Mr. Justice Wight men, Mr. Justice Coltman, and Mr. Justice Perrin, in favour of the abolition of hanging.—The first resolution was proposed by Mr. J. Smith, and seconded by Mr. C. Gilpin, who said that since the year 1810, no fewer then 1,400 indi viduals had been executed for crimes that are no longer capital. A boy had been hung for cutting a twig in a plantation ; a girl had been with difficulty saved from the gibbet for hiding, at the bidding of her master, a few whitewashed copper farthings. in his opinion, a blood thirsty law made a blood-thirsty people, while a mild law made a mild people. The example given by a public execution, so far from' being a moral example, in cites to crime, and nerves the heart of the tyro in crime. Out of 167 prisoners condemned to death, 164 had been present at executions. The plea that the fear of death deters the murderer was Wee, inasmuch as murders were generally committed without reflection, but, if done deliberrtely, the perpetrater calculated on escape. In a scriptural point of view, he must say he honoured the con scientious scruples adduced, but they rested on one text— via., "that he by whom man's blood was shed," de. In the outset there were no less than five translations which made this text of very different significance, but, even if admitted, it only ranked with another text in the New Testament " he who took the sword should perish by the sword," yet those whn wished to enforce the former text would be loth to admit the force of the latter. A minister of the church of England, in a recent publication ' had branded them with the term in fidels; but he could tell that reverend gentleman that they had a worthy bishop on their aide, and not the Bishop of Hereford either. Bishop Hall had recorded his opinion against capital punishment, as well as Dr. Ford. for forty years chaplain of Newgate. The abolition of capital punishment in the domi nions of the Duke of Tuscany had been attended with the best effects, at one time there not being a single criminal in the gaols, and it was oaly when Napoleon conquered the country that capital punishmeat was re-introduced. The third view of the subject was the number of innocent persons who were executed.—The Chairman read the resolution, to the effect, " That the punishment of death fails to accom plish the security of society ; cuts off from the criminal the chance of reformation ; is repulsive to nubile feeling ; the fertile source of evasion and subterfuge; the cause of uncer tainty in the execution of the law ; demoralising in its exhi bition ; opposed to the spirit of Christianity ; and, there fore, ought to be abolished."—The second resolution was proposed by Mr. L. Haworth, and seconded by Mr. Vin cent. It was that a memorial in favour of the object be pre sented to the House of Commons. It was unanimously adopted. THE SWINTON INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS for pauper children were visited by the Manchester guardiaas last week. The party first proceeded to a room on the ground floor, where they found a number of juvenile tailors, busily en gaged in making up dresses, to be worn by themselves and other boys in the school. The room and its inmates were alike exemplary for cleanliness and neatness ; the lads appeared to work with great dexterity and alacrity, and the evidences of their skill in the shape of garments made up by them, which were exhibited, were of the most creditable description. In the next room 23 lads were at work making and repairing clogs and shoes. There are altogether 46 boys in the school who receive in struction in this branch of industry ; one-half in the morn ing and the other in the evening The principal part of these are thus occupied for three hours in the day, but some for 4e hours. They make all the clogs required in the esta blishment, and mend all the shoes; they only, however, make a sufficient number of shoes to give them the necessary amount of practice in this In anch of the art. Their expertness, the hearty good will with which they worked, and the excel lent character of their workmanship, were sufficient proofs of the swam of the system pursued at these schools in re claiming, and imbuing with habits of industry and applies. tion, those whose previous course of life, and the mecum staccato whose influence they had been exposed, must have tended to produce in them dispositions the meet opposite. The kitchen in which the children's food is cooked, contains four large boilers, each capable of containing 100 gallons, in which the food is prepared by steam; there are also het hearths and other conveniences. The girls here amid e ant are instructed in the various household operations netemery in the preparation and serving of the meals. That the time thus spent, the instruction thus received, and the habits of cleanliness and regularity which the children sees. not fail to imbibe here, are calculated to exert the most powerful influence upon the future happiness and comfort of themselves and their families, it is impossible W doubt, when we consider how much of the poverty, mina, and domestic discord of the working classes are dna to their total ignorance of household economy. The girls also assist in washing, ironing, and getting up the clothes of themselves and other inmates of the school. The dining hall is calculated to accommodate 1,200 children, who are seated on benches, ranged in rows, with a narrow shelf run ning in front of each bench, of just sufficient width to allow a plate being placed upon it. At meals the girls occupy one side of the hall and the boys the other. The infant school is perhaps the most important portion of the establishment. There are at present about 2so children in this department. MODERATORSHIP OF GENERAL Analoaniv.—Dr. Buish, The walls of the room are hung with prints representing Professor of Ecclesiastical History, St. Andrews, and one of various animals and amnia from scripture history which are the ministers there, is named for this office. used in instructing the children in these branches of know- THE LATE DISTURBANCE AT WEST CALDER.—AImost all ledge, both before and after they are able to read. The the railway labourer' , employed on the Caledonian Railway in children, clad in their Sunday clothes, being seated on the neighbourhood of West Calder, where the disturbances benches raised one above the other, were put through vari recently took place, have left that focality, with their fami- ow physical exercises, tending to give freedom and strength lies, in compliance with the intimation of the contractors. to the muscles of the chest and arms, which they performed, Some of them have removed to the neighbouring villages, but at a signal from their master, with great exactness the great majority have proceeded along the line of the rail- and uniformity. The master then proceeded to give way to Dum fries, on their way to Annan, for embarkation for them an "object lemon," taking as its subject a piece of Liverpool. The huts at Torpbin and Cobbinehaw have ge- glass. Questions as to the properties of this substance nerally been removed, and in the other districts preparations and its uses having been simmered with great promptness have been made for the immediate removal of the remain- and correctness by the older pupils, it wu next asked ing huts. whether it was universally used; and this question having THOMAS CARLYLE ON RAGGED SCHOOLS. —The secretary been answered in the negative, and an instance of people of the ragged school at Dumfries, the native district of Mr. who had no glass, and were obli ged to use wood in its stead, Carlyle, has received from him the following characteristic the Carib* having been given, led to the further query why letter : this people were without glass ? Because, it was answered, Chelsea, Dec. 31, 1817.—Dear Sir —I readily cont ri bute my mite to they had no money with which to buy it, could not beg it, your Samaritan project, and wish lived speed with my whole heart and had not knowledge enough to make it. The last reason In your locality t believe it is much called for, as indeed in most other localities, in thew miserable times. Ragged schools are not knows to furnished an opportunity for some instruction as to the min me mein by public rumour, nor that scheme of visiting which you fortune of ignorance. The children were then asked who it propose; but the very definition is a recommended= for such at- was who supplied them with knowledge, and having replied tempta, and awakens in every bystander the wish to see them ace "The gee inns and good people of Manchester," they where faithfully tried. For it Is very certain man can teach and gui were further questioned as to the other advantages they another; men poceereed of some knowledge and virtue an Impart derived from the same source, which they described to con thereof to other. peeseming lee, or none. And if they never come Mean- n i ce of food, clothing, and shelter. The lesson was terminated tact, in practical constant communicatlen with one another, theyean. not even have a chance to accomplish this, which la the summary of at this point, in consequence of the short time that was able all social duties everlastingly binding, whether it be done or not ; and to be all to the inspection of this department. the greatest benefit, properly the oar benefit, that man an do to HIGHWAY ROBBERIES NEAR MANCHESTER, — man in our world. Ragged schools, with a good effectual whoa- While' t the people of Liverpool have been placed in so much master, who did no* stand by his horn-books, and slates, and ear books alone, but could frankly lay open a wise, hearty, heal y, terror through frequent and daring robberie s in the out human rout to ignorant, dirty, encumbered little human soul-much skirts of that town, Manchester has been, up to very lately, an arrangement I could fancy to be the most excellent of all devices entirely free from such outrages. It appears, however, that for your object And as to that of visiting, I well remember thattown is no longer to enjoy thatpre•emmence. On Saturday, reading Dr. Chalmers' development of that scheme, as practised as the Rev. Mr. Germon, head master of the Manchester by him in Edinburgh, and feeling that it was full of really prac tical sense—that if there wan any plan of getting the work done Free drummer School, slid Mrs. Germon were taking an thia, beyond all others, was it. May you pres.per well: awed airing in their carriage, about three miles distant from the whatever is modest., and willing, and effective, round you to co.ope- town, and near to a village called Blackley, two men stopped rate; and see, if slowly, yet certainly, good fruit attend your bus- them and, presenting pistols, demanded Mr. Oermon's bandry. One other wi.b I will utter, that you may have virtue given money. The rev. gentleman, it is said, made some slight you to follow that invattrible precept, Let not thy right hand know effo rt Germ on at resistance, but the intreatiri of Mrs. in what thy left hand doeth! A precept very difficult to follow in your peculiar circumstances, but one which all men, in all eircumstance• doted him at length to yield to the threats of the robbers, can in some manner follow, and man depute from without and he handed over to them his gold watch and the money ' fatal damage to his enterprise, soy low-spoittiw `. Mechanics' he had about hies, with which they decamped and have not QCARANTINE.—Mr. Bathurst, of the office of the Institutes," Bible Societies even, and Exeter-hall . ours of love" been heard of since. This was in the open daylight, at about may, in their present ruinous state, after such assiduous beating one or two o'clock en Saturday. It was reported that Lords of the Privy Council, has directed a letter to the Corn may arum, well testify w as: me' dear sir, yours very °in " another robbep, ' had taken ry, under similar circumstances, miesionere of Customs, with reference to a letter from them, merely, T. Csatves.not received the • Wars stating that =Wen of vessels from the Mediterranean. who SHIPWRECKS IN SITETLAND.--A correspondent of the Place, but our correspondent had . O Witness gives some particulars of these casualties. Since ATTEMPT TO MURDER BY DROWNING:n Satue- reside at Portland and Weymouth, are in t he habit occa sionally of putting into the Portland Roads (although bound the summer three boats have been loot, about twenty persons day a man named Wm. Knight, living at Stretford, near to London, and other ports to the eastward), and there have been drowned, and in Lerwick alone seven or eight Manchester, attempt d to drown his wife by pushing her making application for a clearance, that they may he enabled have been added to the list o f widows. In conse q uence of into the canal at Longford-bridge. Knight has been ill for to visit their friends on shore, and that the officers of cus the detention of the mail packet , we do not yet know what some time, and is supposed to be labouring under slight toms at Weymouth have requested: instructions as to whether aberration of intellect. His wife was taking him a walk they would not be justified in withholding clearance from has taken place farther south ; but by means of the late southerly gales our shores have been covered with wrecks. along the banks of the canal st the suggestion of his medical hat veuele. The Lords of the Privy Council htve decided No less than six vessels have been wrecked between Lerwick adviser for the benefit of the air, and they had proceeded that it is highly irregular on the part of the masters referred and the Wand of Feller, a distance o f a b ou t thirty miles. without any difficulty . till they reached Longford-bridge, to, and moot injurious to the owners of the womb The crews of four of these have been saved. Of a fifth ten when a part of the towing path presented itself which was (when bound te London, or other port to the mete or t w elve were saved and eight drowned; but of the sixth very dirty. Knight tried to drag his wife through it, but w e ed), to enter any other port or harbour than that the whole crew perished. This was to the eye-witnesses she resisted, and had got loose from him, but before she of their destination, unless compelled to do so by contrary a very distressing case. It is understood that her name could get away from the side of the canal, which she stood winds or stress of weather ; and have directed that the offi was the Oscar, from Hull. She tint made her appear- with her back towards, he ran at her and pushed her head- min of customs at Weymouth and other ports shall refuse *nee off the island of Whalen, about nine o'clock in the long into the water. He made no attempt to rescue her but clearance to masters of vessels from the Mediterranean morning. Seeing her danger, the inhabitants prepared ru n a way. A man who had not seen the transaction came anchoring in ports or harbours, not those of their destine ropes, and were ready to use every means in order at least by shortly afterwards, and perceiving Mrs. Knight struting tion, excepting under the circumstances mentioned above, or to save the crew. As she approached the sho re the y ran in in the water, he assisted her out, but for which there is little when they have instructions in writing from their owners to a body to a particular place—the only place where it was doubt she would have perished. Knight is in custody, and possible for them to saved—and endeavoured by signs to will probably be brought before the magistrates with a view DEVONSHIRE. get those Oa board the vessel, if possible, to steer her in that to being placed under proper restraint. touch at any particular port for orde rs. be ROBBERY AT THE ADMIRALTY HOtraE, DECO:SPORT. direction. She came so near that they could distinguish the YORKSHIRE. —lt may be remembered that a cross of diamonds was lost countenances of the crew, and the colour of the i r hair, and THE ALLEGED EMBEZZLEMENT BY RAILWAY they even exchanged salutations by waving their caps at Cumuli —Yesterday, the young men named Scott and On Saturday, , . . . each other. It is believed that if she had kept on sail fora .„.„__,,., • seaueoio . e who were y charged with having embezzled a sum police arrived n Plymouth, having in hm custody . a man at a balleivetlin the t chi th e e f A su d pe rniral rinte ty nd llo t use of , th in e Manchester each few minutes longer, or if some one had stood at the helm, 'nearly 200 amounting to l.,belonging to the Lancashire and charged with attempting to dispose of diamonds in Men the crew might have been saved ; but, in consequence of the Vork shire. _Railway Company,__ in . whose service they had Monday , the • broug ht before , cheater, and, on prisoner was imminence of their danger, they seem to have lost all consi deration, and te have got into confusion.vessel been as clerks, were further examined at the Leeds court- the mayor of Devonport, and the following evidence adduced house. It appeared, from the statement:of the collector at i n support of the char_ ge L-11. Berwick sworn ; lam chief The came right against the rocks, only a short distance from these who the station, that Ridadale had, on two or three occasions re wished to save them, but in a place where it was impossible to render any assistance. She struck about 12 o'clock, an d him • • deficiencyin d parted to an lamming his cash bala nce ; the 3rd of Jan. last, I found the prisoner offering for sale, at and that both the prisoners had duty entered in their ac superintendent of the Manchester city police. On Monday, almost in a moment the tremendous sea washed the crew counts all the moneys they had received. Under these cir - the shop of Mr. Olivant, a jeweller, in Manchester, five dia monds. I told the prisoner this looked suspicious. He overboard. One poor fellow recovered hie place on the CuMatanCeS, as the collector was responsible to the company said he had brought them from Plymouth, and that he had vessel, and, getting on the jibom, was about to make • .fin . theamount so reported to him, the magistrates thought been in the service of Mr. Gyngell, of that place. He even got on the vessel a second time, and was again about to "."" leap on shore, when another wave wailed him away. He the charge of embezzlement was not made out, and or dered the prisoners to be discharged. also said he had seen a Jew offering them for sale, and pur chased them of him. I told him my name, and the situation ' leap, but a fresh wave engulphed him, and he rose no more. In about half an bow the yawl went to pieces. The What- EMIGRATION FROM BRADFORD. —The enb-corn- I held, and took him to the Court-house, where he edible et Stock rt. ' I ordered him to be *earthed. sea men were dely affected, but they could do nothing ; mittee appointed to investigate the cases of poor persons name was Thomas Turner , and that he lived with his thither they never saw su eh a sea. It is believed that, had there wishing to emigrate, have received • great number of apli- in Johnatre , port. _ . _ in the prisoner s presence, handed been a lighthouse on the Sherries, lying off the islands cations — many more than it is poseible for them to m ust. H was out _of my sight for about . three minutes._ On . ret me arn- a of Who ttu and Feder, several of the shipwrecks And it will become a question for their serious consideration, ing, th e officer, reriausl asked. the ' ner if he had that have taken place might have been prevented. whether some decisive steps should not be taken to ob Such a lighthouse has been frequently thought of, the necessary pecuniary assistance by means o a rate. At any more ends , pntket-ben diam " h which he y denied. I Sten examined the it book ' hick found four small packets, containing and it is hoped that the late dm' esters will lead the public meeting held last month. tt wu broadly insinuated poe et- ,in w te. fifteen diamonds. The prisoner then said he might as well • e tell the truth. He then said he bad the Lighthouse Commiesioners no loner to . hesitate, or that the poor were not themselves disposed to emigre been in the employ of delay. It is time, also, that some board were instituted for Experience gives this statement a fist contradicti unperson, Admiral Sir John West, at Devonpert, and that the family the examination of all sea captains, and for granting them editor of the Bradford Observer says :—" Many they uniferml rooms and broke it, and those were the diamonds he had certificates or diplomas, according to their qualificetions. having large families , and, with onl y on e or two exceptions , had lost a diamond brooch ;he trod upon it in one of the Besides the vessels wrecked on our mute . , it is feared that , have applied to us for advice : . y assisted out, being fully . satisfied been stumpun • to *ell. On Saturday last I received from a in Manchester five other diamonds, which he had seen, dismasted, d ri fting past Unit, the mat northerly of th at their chance of bettering themselves here is utterly silvers mith many more will be missing . One vessel is said to have been express great anxiety to be our Wands, and, judging from the number reported is horsiest, what thaY are mugs= of dein so al the Volted purchased Ina 14° Pam" ; P Irk "' 4° identlfied • M t dill' :WARM/tins - BURGLARY AT GLlN•ros.—The burglars who en tered the premises of Mr. J. Ogden, grocer, of Glinton (as already reported in this paper) were captured at Deeping St. James. On the previous day a respectable farmer of Help stone went to Spalding for the assistance of Judd, a con stable, who obtained a warrant and searched the houses of Solomon Birkit, George Beeson, and Samuel Brakes, the latter a keeper of a beer - shop and lodsing.house in Spalding. In searching the lodging-house the officer found in a clothes box a purse, containing one sovereign, seven half-sovereigns, and 41..5a. 6d. in silver; also a purse which was identified by one of the prosecutors ; and 18s The constables, with the assistance of Mr. Elijah Robinson ' merchant, of Spalding, and owner of a gang of boats, of which Brakes was captain, procured an omnibus, and went to search the boats. When about three miles from S , aiding the offi cers passed a man who gave his name as Thomas York, and who was in Brakes' house when it was searched. Supposing he was about to "work the telegraph" to th e party at Deep ing, they favoured him with a ride, and during the journey inquired where he lodged on Monday night: lie replied at Spalding, and said he had not been at Deeping for many years he added he was going in search of work. However, on arriving at Deeping, a respectable landlord identified York as one who was in the tap-room at the Bell in Deeping St. James on the night the robbery was committed : this induced the officers to make him a prisoner. Samuel Brakes, • reso lute fellow, whom it would have been imprudent to have attacked singly, was the next apprehended : be was secured at a beer-shop, and searched, when 31. 6s. was found in his purse, and 3e. 7td. in his pocket he had • short time previously borrowed of Mr. Robinson, his em ployer, 10s, to pay his reckoning. The officers t hen proceeded to the boats in the river, about • mile distant, and succeeded in apprehending Solomon Birkit, George Beeson, and W. Brakes (nephew to Samuel) after searching the boats, the above five prisoners were conveyed to Peterborough lock-up for the night, and on the following morning taken before the magistrates, and remanded until Feb. 4. The officers, on their return from Peterborough, ascertained from Mr. Fox, general dealer, of Market Deep ing, that Brakes and two others, answering the description of Birkit and Beeson, went to his shop in the morning after the robbery, and bought several articles, including three pair of boots and a short slop : one of there pulled out a purse of considerable bulk, full of money. At Spalding it rak was asce inr rained that several valuable articles which Brakes had pawn were redeemed on the Tuesday night by his wife. Brakes and York reached Spalding on the afternoon of the day after the robbery, and Braises did not return to Deeping until early on Thursday morning the 6th, leaving his boats in the care of his companions. OPPOSITION TO THE Poinc•Law —Both the Limerick papers received to-day afford a remarkable illustration of the opposition to which the operation of the poor-law is sub jected on the part of the landlords in certain districts. The union of Scarriff, in Clare and Galway, was one of the first in which the elected guardians were superseded by a paid board. The reason of that was, that the gentry did not carry the law into effect in good faith. The gentry now will not pay the rates. In the whole union, it now appears, there are only two proprietors whose rates have been paid. The one is Mr. Molony, of Kiltannon ; the other Mrs Brown. And this opposition of the landlords to the well-working of the law has taken place, while is one week the occupying farmers in the same union have paid 3,0001. The rate struck is certainty enormous, being Ts. 6d. in the pound; but of so much the more injury is this opposition to the col lection of them. The number in receipt of relief in this union is 1,665 indoor, and 3,000 outdoor. The rate in Loughrea union, Galway, is 3s. in the pound, and in Swinford union, where there are 7,000 upon the outdoor relief list, the rates equal those in the Scarriff SCOTLAND. EDINBIIIION, JAN. 15. Edinburgh is about to borrow a hint from Paris in providing winter amusement. The Caledonian Horticultural Society propose a glassencloeed winter garden, at first to be 140 feet in length by 35 in breadth, and afterwards enlarged, so as to admit of the cultivation of the moat rare exotics, as well as to form a brumal promenade. The project is likely to meet with every encouragement. Mr. Sheriff Watson of Aberdeen has published an interesting report on juvenile crime in that city. He proves statistically the decrease in committals since the introduction of industrial schools. To those who do not care for figures the following reports of special cases will be more interesting than dry statistics : A remarkably hopeful, truthful girl, of 12 years of age (says the sheriff) thus told her story to the matron of • prison :—" I used to go about with father to ask for a piece of bread or a bombes. I ran away from hint because he beat me. My mother died when Iwu a wee bairn. She is the only person I can remember who ever told me what was right. I could net read at all when I came to prison, but I could say the prayer mother taught me before she died. I have no other relation than my father that I know of, but • sister. I suppose she must be going wrong, because we never had anybody to care for us and teach us to do right'' And the poor motherless bairn wu sent to prison to learn the elements of useful knowledge, and receive the first lessons in morality and religion. LINCOLNSHIRE, C/lIIRCII LIABES.—The eltamford Mercury sap Through the instrumentality of a pamphlet on this question, the proper settlement of which has been too long procras tinated, Mr. Moore is attempting to rouse the Lincoln public (who are vitally interested in the matter) from the torpor which has been so long apparent. The pamphlet is the pro duction of a committee formed for the purpose of "procuring from the legislature a better tenure of church leasehold pro. perty." After giving a history of the system of church leasehold, and a detail of the efforts which have been made to procures settlement of the question, it is shown that legis lative interference is more urgently called for even than for merly, as'much church property has passed away from lemon having only a life interest in the property, to the Ecelmhsed• cal Comuussiosers, " whose chief object is to obtain die largest possible income from ecclesiastical leaseholds, and who are in a position to refuse the renewal of leases anon ther, and, ley sacrificing all future fines, to secure for the church eventually the whole amount of the improved rent of the property." The modus operandi of the commissioners is thus set forth : " They have adopted certain resolutions, from which it appears that they do not in'end to renew any leases on lives by the addition of a uew life, nor any leases whatever in consideration of a fine. So far as they are cos. cerned, therefore, the old system of leasing is to be abolished, and although they professedly offer either to purchase the lessee's interest in the property, or to sell the church's re version in it to the lessee, yet the terms on which either of these alternatives is proposed to be carried into effect are so unreasonable that they ought in no case to be accepted; for, whilst they put the highest price on the fee that it would sell for with possession, they value the lessee's interest at the lowest rate that a leaseholder would accept whose necessities compelled him to part with his lease, and estimate their own reversion ae the difference between the high price of the fee on the one hand, and the low price of the tenant's interest on the other—a mode of maculation tending in every instance materially to increase, and in some eases even to double, the sum which is in fact the real marketable value of the church's reversion,—whilst they make no allowance whatever for what has hitherto been deemed a right, on the part of the tenant, to renew his lease when a life drops, or at stated periods in his term. In proposing terms for the sale of a re version, the commissioners take the value of the fee-simple at from thirty to thirty-three years' purchase, thus establishing a standard of value equal to that of aa estate in the hands of its owner, unencumbered with a long lease,—which is not expected to pay more than 38 or even 3 per cent. interest on the capital invested in it. But in valuing the tenant's inte- ' rest, the commissioners adopt quite another standard : they take, not the real market value, but a tabular value, calcu lated oe an amount of capital paying 5 per cent. interest, — thus assuming that the property to the tenant is only worth twenty years' purchase. The merest novice, however, in valuations must know that it cannot be lust and equitable to value the fee according to one rats of interest or one set of tables, and the tenant's interest according to another rate of interest or another set of tables, and then to call the differ ence the lessor's reversionary interest in the property. In other words it cannot be fair to estimate the fee of an estate at thirty years' purchase, and in apportioning the respective interests in it of lessor and lessee, to use a table which gives only twenty years' purchase, and, having ascertained by such a table how many of those twenty years' purchase belong to the lessee, to give the remainder of the thirty years' pur chase to the lessor. This clearly would be apportioning only two-thirds of the property, and giving the lessor the whole of the remaining third, in addition to his proper share of the other two-thirds. In one instance a lessee, who was pressed for money, accepted 9001. for the surrender to the commis sioners of a lease which had coat him more than 1,5001., and which he might have sold for more than that sum, or have mortgaged to meet his necessity, if the ownership of the pro perty had not passed into the hands of the commissioners. In another instance, a lessee who had mortgaged his lease was compelled to sell it by the mortgagee, who became alarmed at the commissioners' refusal to renew the lease, and insisted on calling in his mortgage ; and all that the lessee could get from the commissioners was 2,1001., when the table upon which the value of the fee of his estate was calculated would have entitled him to upwards of 2,9001. How soon some thing like this may be the fate of Lincoln lessees, it is impos sible to tell, since ecclesiastical property is constantly passing into the control of the commissioners. It is estimated that the number of church leaseholders throughout the kingdom amounts to 12,000 or 14,000. and that the leasehold property is worth 36,000,0001. ; and it appears that the adoption of Lord Monteaele's plan of enfranchisement would produce yearly from 250,0001. to 300,0001. to the church, over and above what it is now receiving from reserved rents and fines." The formation of local committees is enjoined; and, as Lincoln is so largely interested in the question, local organ iution is suggested. TAWI9IIIII/TRP_ Again: A very little girl, of nine or ten years of age, appeared to be one of the most unfit objects for prison that could be well imagined, till her poor deformed sister, smaller than herself; though a year or two older,waarinted out in another cell. They were the daughters of a maimed disabled sailor, who in asserting Britain's glory had lost both his legs, and wan dered the country in a cart, accompanied by the children, begging as they went. They had been sentenced to 12 months' imprisonment for stealing apples. The youngest was an industrious child, willing to please, and finishing her daily task of oakum-picking long before evening. The eldest child was more than ordinarily intelligent, and quite aware of her desolate situation. She cried bitterly an she said, " Our life has been a very Nair one. I have heard say, my mother killed herself with drinking ; and I have just heard that father has died since we have been here, and now ve have no friend to care for us." Sheriff WaSson's remedy is the industrial school, not only for young beggars but for young thieves at the beginning of their career. The mortality of Edinburgh appears to have reached its climax. In December the deaths were 1,030, in December, 1845, 404; in December, 1816, 09. moods are 25 in number, and have been in my custody ever since.—Jane West, daughter of Port-Admiral Sir. J. W sworn : On the night of the 11th of June last my father had a ball at his house. I wee at the ball. I had, and wore, a cross of gold, set with diamonds, during the night ; the cross consisted of thirty-four large diamonds and twenty tbree smaller ones. I last it between the hours of eleven ta the evening of the 14th and one in the morning of the 15th. The prisoner new present, calling himself Matthew Low, was an under footman t. my father at that time. I first mimed the said crass and diamonds in the dining-room. The prisoner bad been attending in that room. So soon as I be came aware of the loss I communicated the same icenerally to all the servants in the house, and a search was instantly made for it, which continued for about two hours. The loss of the cross was afterwards advertised, and a reward offered for its recovery. The prisoner continued to live as a servant with my father up to the 10th Dec. last, when he left at his own request, assigning the cause for so doing to be ill health. I produce a cross with diamonds which resembles the cross I have lost and is similar thereto ; I have looked at the diamonds produced, and they seem to resemble in rise and appearance the diamonds in the cross I produce, as also in the one I missed. They are worth more than 501. Cross-examined by the prisoner: There were other things missed while you were in my father's employ. You were never before suspected, neither were you suspected on tke present occasion.—R. Dominy, jeweller, sworn : I have looked at the cross produced by Miss West. It contains in the whole 57 diamonds of different sizes ' • they are all bril liant stones of the first water. I have also looked at the diamonds produced by Mr. Beswick, and they correspond in colour, sire, and quality, to most of those in the cross pro duced, and from their sire and appearance I should think they originally formed a similar cross to the one produced by Miss West.—The Mayor committed the prisoner to take his trial at thescesions. THE SANITARY REFORM.—The sanitary committee of the Axminster union recently reported to the board of guardians as follows:—" The committee refrain front making any lengthened remarks on the foregoing report', which will speak for themselves. It is difficult to conceive anything more wretched than the condition of certain classes of the poor in many of the parishes of this union; and quite as dif ficult to separate from it the grossest vice and immorality. The subject d. mends the most serious and immediate atten tion of the different parochial authorities, whe, although they may not have it in their power to apply, at once, an effectual remedy to the entire of the existing evils, may never theless greatly mitigate them by vigilant superintendence. The exterior nuisances spread over the district admit of a legal remedy, and this the committee strongly recommend should be immediately applied, without partiality, favour, or affection. Domestic cleanliness, perfect ventilation, and the removal of all filthy deposits likely to generate or to increase the virulence of pestilential miasma, are the best and surest, perhaps the only, palliatives or preventives, which the pa rochid authorities have it in their power to apply against the expected visitation of Asiatic cholera ; but there is one which the committee think might be found, in certain cases, eminently useful, namely, the establishment of reception rooms, or isolated buildings, for the temporary accommoda tion of tramps and vagrants, as practised in Axminster, in the year 1832, which was supposed to have been the principal means of keeping that town free from cholera, while it existed in other places in its immediate neighbour hood." - -- --- LAND DRAINAGE REPORTII.—A mresponaent of the Gardeners' Chronicle writes ; "In August. 1842, I bought a farm of about 130 acres, called Marley Hall, near Ledbury. It was then all pasture but 15 acres, and so wet from speng water that, in that summer month, it soaked under foot on riding over it. Anxious to do a little (prepa ratory) to all as soon as possible , I got between 20 and 30 men together, and drained the whole farm by February, 1843, with 3-inch drainers, laid on flats 2 feet 6 ins. deep, mostly across the slope, 30 feet apart. In the year 1843 I cut more hay by nearly 50 tons off 70 acres than my pied cessor had in 1842 off the whole of the pasture, viz., nearly 115 sus. It is true I used about three tons of guano (with fine soil mixed), for manure I had none. My land is very deep, and naturally loamy, almost all with a many bottom ; hence the name of the place, I presume. My intention was, if neces sary, last year to put in more drain, within the 30 feet in tervals; but till last autumn I saw no occasion; all was as sound and dry as could be wished, and a new character of herbage was fast appearing, the fruit and other trees were beginning to lose their mosey coverings, and that which re mained readily yielded to the brush and scraper on the former, all of which were gone over. I have now eighty acres under the plough all freed from hedge rows, superfluous ditches, and timber; indeed, en cept externally, all my arable divisions are ideal. The ground is perfectly dry now, but I found pro gressively that the transverse drains did not continue to serve their intended purpose, and that where the fall was not in duly regulated and deep proportion to the intervals the water (eland its way very near, and in some instances above ground, between the two drains. This led to my removing moet of them and relaying down the fall, and in other instances cutting drains down the fall into the transverse one., making them mains, as it were. This has proved effectual; but I should say that where I put in fresh drains altogether, I cut them from three to four feet deep, and kept them, as previously, ten yards apart. Tiles are unreasonably dear (355.), and labour by no means first-rate. The coat I estimate at from 50s. to 31. per acre, including everything, and I do not think I have now a wet spot on the farm, though in 1842 it would have been difficult to find a dry one ; and from being proverbially the poorest land in the parish, I am (having kept plen t y of well fed cattle, saved and used my liquid manure, ploughed deep, and dunged freely) often told it is too good for corn crops, and that I may now challenge most of my neighbours. In deed, I last autumn ventured to offir a prize for the best cultivated farm in the parish, and which was returned to me for want, I may say, of a competitor. I am •atisfie+l that true and efficient draining must be with the fall of the land, and not across—that the occupier should be the best judge of the intervals, but that moderately deep, say from three to four, or even five feet, are preferable to two feet six inches, and that the open tiles are far more serviceable than pipes, not only as taking away water quicker, but by the air that circulates in them during the summer months extending annually the fissures on each side the cuttings, thus enabling them to act more freely every year, and that if a just and careful account be prepared, taking everything into consideration, more par ticularly their comparative cost, diminished length, the ne cessarily increa'ed number used, the additional cutting and laying, do., the difference will be found not more than five or seven per cent in favour of the latter, in prime cut only, to say nothing of effect. IFlnt MR. BARRY'S OCTAGON COURT AT THE NEW lioUete.—The visitor to the new Houses of Parliament should make a point of inspecting the roof of the octagon court or central ball of Mr. Barry's great work. The task is rather a dusty one, but, mason: dust forgotten, the ascent is by easy enough scaffolding, and the sight is really won derful. Conceive two hundred and fifty tons of atone' fashioned into one roof, and that one roof containing seventy two bosses, and each boss when unnerved (u they were when we saw them) of the size of an ordinary millstone ! The roofs of Henry the Seventh's Chapel at Westminster, and King's College Chapel at Cambridge, supply a world of wonder to strangers ignorant of the principles of architec ture ; but here the wonder mast still be greater when they see the enormous masa of masonry which Mr. Barry has built like a heaven over head. These vast bosses will be fashioned into roses and portcullises, and, when seen from the ground, will be at the distance of about ninety feet. This octagon court is as striking an illustration of the magnitude of the works now in progress at Westminster as any we could find about the whole building. ltbr Drama. IFIATMARKEV.—A new five-act play, by Mr. Lovell, the author of " The Provoet of Bruges," " Look before you Leap," and other successful pieces, was produced at this theatre lest evening ; end, at the same time, Mr. and Mrs. Charles Kean re-appeared, after an absence of five years from London. This new play is calculated to sustain the reputation which Mr. Lovell has gained from his former In its subject and incich ats it partakes of the melo drama ; but the conception of the principal characters, and the vigour and beauty with which it is written, entitle it to be regarded as a work of high and legitimate art. The action of the piece is laid in England in the middle of the seventeenth century. Sir Walter Amyott, a colonel in the parliamentary service, is expected by his lady and servants to arrive at his family mansion on the coast of Dorsetsbire, he having ob tained the military command of the district. His wife, Lady Eveline Amyott, is of a Cavalier family, and her bro ther, Lord Arden, has followed the s a iled king to France. She is in her chamber, with her maid. when they are startled by the entrance of a stranger by the window. It is her brother, who, having landed in England with a few friends, in order to attempt a rising in favour of the king, has alone been able to escape, and is seeking shelter from his pursuers. Lady Ereline desires to inform her husband, but this her brother will not permit, and insists, u the condition of ac cepting her aid, that she shall swear to keep his secret. The sound of her husband's arrival is heard ; and there is barely time to conceal the fugitive when Sir Waller eaters. The lady, on the hint given by Maud, her quick-witted attendant, pro poses to change her sitting apartment, alleging that it has be come disagreeable to her from the long and melancholy hours spent in it during her husband's absence. This is done, and Lord Arden is installed in the deserted chamber, of which Lady Eoeline keeps the key. T here is an old steward, Jabez Sneed, who, under an exterior et surly honesty, is a consummate knave, and who hates his mistress because he knows that she has detected his peculations in his master's absence. This man suspects that there is some mystery about the locked chamber, and discovers the disappearance of the wine and provisions, which are secretly conveyed to the prisoner. His suspicions being strongly roused by Mauls over.anxiety to account for the suspicious appear ances, and by her refusal to get for him the key of this room, he bethinks himself of peeping in at the window t and discovers a stranger within. He informs Sir Wafter or what he has seen, and a scene of much beauty take a place between Sir Walter and Lady Eveline, in which tk husband, strong in his rooted confidence in his wife's honor refuses even to admit into his mind a suspicion agar est her. She retires, leaving the steward baffled for the •mo ment • but be persists in his a s sertion, and offers his ear uter ocular demonstration of its truth. It is night. He coo ducts his master beneath the window of the chamber, whet., they see within, the lady conversing affectionately with estranger Cavalier The unhappy hus b and falls senseless, red nird scene closes. In the next scene he is diseove in b tptiets, o verwhelmed with despair, while the villain, with essiir _ sough honesty, is =demerit% to sow Inns to ae, 9t • " r ) 4 4k \ kristz!.::"{:" 4 1.4. . , ! i t i 1 1 [II 1 i I l i I ll i i I I i ( 1 • . • 1 : I . 1 I I i I - II 1 I i I . I ; ; I I 4 i , .l i i l ) I . . 1 ri 4 ti I I . 1 ' t ' r' t 1 1 r 4 . '- 4 (1 2 1 ,.. ) -...... did by ix I. thee nth. rhieh nn id be chair tad to onset road. id "x -i had idiom t;avily Austry wore. ion la seeder of rdl , resent minY edged testily that it ,nit•ry eld for re of • let th• or th• ewer Ter, he re not, 'hy the lily of ten de- the re t jaw lemma Sou and the plu me ex. y about I ether . wu a t of the upon r t h e it every rindow- ned the om Dr. rnment he win- of Mr. wan ap pon the e wmel r a the Ifaleelat the pro of Mir have re-