The Express. — London, England, 1852-08-12 00:00:00

PROFESSOR MUSPRATT to M. ALLSOPP. ••I mop ormaa* semis d poor Also sod dad Bat Goy 110 MA mole. a ef soy liortess marts.. sad my bolls bale emil poor 11r he pore. and irk! eeriest —Ursa la task . I has hat his Mr , prepaeol se I • yaw tiny n. swim sonshisee, mows.. Was spooky of sol YAW; sod Ike Moab, las rob grapretles. star. loathe unto sae awarals. -.llamas vivarium r.vo.v. Ilesslor d tb dont tat Asmelsoy. Asti& *MU a • Zossaleassarst. Wisps al Clonistry. Liverpool. Alf . OPP * B PALE or BITTER ALE may be elassaed In aria of le yam ant ionsoudairme In. Drewry. Treat; sod for Mu aoslerosolleasd Dore L•tatitelt. tomb: LONDON .... _...w. at 61, Wes Oty. umaroii. al Oadaseell. ISANCIIESMIt at DU °LAY at 3= GLA•GOW ...... at MOIL hissaeosteseL DUBLIN !IMMINGHAM --- 11105ba441411. Is Other of welds pima s it drmpwaW Oahe eras sappy tae Woe Is tootle. Ord dm . leis at the same prior ea tress Oa Beevery) s.q ist soy los ft siso. erortogs. To cositrJiroslilditS. • .eirrol Millis .1" The Zipress." seataistog the SIMI o.llllole, rattr "Is pubtilied Mt, TuNi. .a hiday Mem. la Yoe Mr post. . . a 1 set t. weds Mewled fur .. The Es prem. Males Imam meet, Nem be e the 01/ko. 10, Suover*stnel. ty Tee eelost ea tM day et peltheadem MOE! WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE . Tots Ds—lientsg. I In. Ism. _Mbomou, I lb. S. I aosessaw—lieralag. On. 03 Afterassa, Ob. 17.. LONDON, THURSD.4r, AUGUST 12. NOTWITHSTANDING the anticipations and assur ances of the Paris l'rotectionist journals to the con trary, the Treaty of l'ommerce between Belgium and France of December, 1815, has been allowed to ex pire on the 9th inst.. without any temporary pro longation of its provisions, or any substituted ar rangements of a permanent nature. Accordingly, the Mogaitrur of the 10th has announced that Belgian trade with France, after that date, be came subject to the general tariff of duties appli cable to the commerce of uufavoured nations. The consequence is, that, for a while at least, Belgian coal will, on importation into France, have to pay the same duties as English coal; and that French wines will cease to have undue ad vantages over the wines of Germany in the Belgian markets. This, however, is, in all probability, much too simple and fair a position long to be preserved in countries still so wedded to an artificial and complex system of trade as Belgium and France. It is, in deed, quite true that, in the negotiations which were in progress for a new treaty, there were some very substantial differences between their governments but they were of detail, not of principle; and that the treaty of 1845 was not prolonged until those differences had been adjusted, is chiefly owing to the disorganised state en which the Belgian ministry has continued fur some time. But as the politi cal difficulties have now been tided over for a season, in all likelihood some provisional arrangements on the subject of trade will be the immediate conse quences of the suspension of the ministerial crisis at Brussels. Meanwhile, England has some interests in the question requiring attention; for the monopolist prints of the French capital have openly announced that one object of their government in the negotiations is to require advantages for their saline productions in Belgium over those of this country; and that ought, of clime, to be stout y resis'ed by the British government. Much, however, in the way of resistance is not to be expected from the DERBY cabinet, seeing how seriously it has injured, by its explanations and addi tions, the Treaty of Trade and Navigation with Belgium which constitutes the last substantial ser vice to commerce performed by the late administer' ' tion. Let us explain tho state of this question, awl what that injury is. Belgium is mainly dependant on foreign supply for salt. It possesses no mines producing roc or mineral salt. It receives that article when for culinary nee from England ; when for manufacturing purposes it takes the coarser commodity of France ; and in the list of countries receiving the eighteen or twenty millions of bushels which we annually export —worth some quarter of a million sterling—Belgium stands fourth. Though thus disadvantageously situated, Belgium has pursued a fiscal policy very adverse to her own interests in respect of salt; for first it levied a duty of 4f. 20c. per 100 kilogrammes on the importation of raw salt • then it imposed an excise of 12f. 72c. on t he refined article ; and lastly, to protect the excise, it prohibited the transit of salt through its territories. Yet, all that the import duty produced the Belgian Treasury was about 120,00 W. a year; whilst the effect of it, and of the excise, was greatly to restrict the use of salt; the Belgian population not consuming more than 151bs. a head annual.l Ts - -^ . against 2•2lbmit bead in this country, where salt now happily free Gem all taxation, and from any government interim/wen Were Belgium ts sink on equal terms the refined salt d ether ammeelea, it would be supplied much more amply ibma it now is from the valley of the Weaver, in Climeire. But, excluding salt by heavy dud s% and giving advantages to the infe r= French salt when refined at home, France baa been able to carry on a considerable trade in this article with Belgian. French salt is manufactured by license under strict and expensive supervision, and yields • revenue of nearly three millions sterling to the state ; and though it is, of course, exported duty free from bond, it is • high-priced, coarse, and bad commodity. Still, favoured, it maintained a footing in Belgium. From the period of its independence down to last autumn, we had no Treaty of Trade or Naviga tion with Belgium. The Treaty of Separation from Holland of November 18, 1831, stipulated generally for the regulation of tolls, canals, and rivers, in which other powers were more concerned than Eng land; but it did no more commercially. The want of a treaty was indeed little felt by Belgium; for, though she imported considerably from England, she could only export articles in which we were her superiors. To this country the absence of • treaty was, however, a serious evil; for, wanting general stipulations of fiscal eqoality in the Belgian markets, our trade was constantly liable to excep tional disadvantages. And, as we had at lenveehsn set tled the principles d our own tariff, it important to have some general arrangement with Belgium. Accordingly the late administration am eluded the Treaty of October 27, 1831, which, far reasons to be stated, the present government did net lay before parliament until the April following. This Treaty, as explained in its preamble, is sat each a simple convention as the real interests of the two counties require; but, Belgium being em barrassed at the date by its stipulations with other nations, it professes only „ to remove, as far as may be possible at the present moment, the obstacles which impede the commercial rela tions between the two countries." It contains, therefore, no most favoured nation clause; but ap proximate' only to that useful provision. By its second article, goods of any kind, irrespective of their origin, imported directly into Belgium from the United Kingdom and its colonies under the British flag, enjoy the same advantages as if int• ported under the Belgian flag. By the third, such goods are to be admitted at the same rate of duties as if imported under the Belgian flag from the place or in the manner mast privileged under the General Tariff of Belgium; and by the 4th article, these privileges were extended to British ships bringing goods from other than British ports. Nothing could be better in principle than these gener.-.1 stipulations. But, having incorporated them, the Treaty next proceeded to except from their ope ration the great articles, sugar, coffee, tobacco, cot ton, and other commodities, including salt. But when consenting to exclude salt, Lord PALXERSTON at least gained three meet important points stly, That the Belgian duty on British raw salt imported under the British flag should be " reduced imme diately by two-thirda ; " that is from 4f. 20c- to If. 40e. ; 2ndly, That British spring salt should be assimilated in the tariffs of customs and excise, and in exemption from excise, to raw salt ; and 3rdl7, that the prohibition on the transit through Belgian ef British salt should be removed—three most valid& concessions. Such woos the treaty as signed on the 7th of Oc tober, 1831, by Lord PAU/Ea/nom and Mr. LAI9OO - It hos, however, subsequently been sadly injured by Lord Mni.sassuar and Mr. ilanur is a declaration as to the meaning of the provisions re-i lating to salt signed by those two members of the DERBY Cabinet on the 7th of April, 1852. Lord PALMERSTON'S treaty had, Article V., pro- cured the assimilation of British spring salt to raw salt, " As regards duty of customs, duty of excise, -exemption from duty of excise in case it is destined for manufactories and warehousing." The greater part of this concession Lord MALMESBURVS declara tion abandons; fur by it " British spring salt shall be considered as raw salt, on importation into Bel gium, only in those cases in which the legislature of Belgium permits the granting of exemption from excute;" thus giving up the advantages Lord PAL MERSTON had obtained " as regards duty of customs and duty of excise." Again; not content with this sacrifice, Lord MALMESHURT has further conceded by his declaration the principle that French salt, refined in Belgium, shall, notwithstanding the expiration of the treaty u hieh gave it advantages, always continue to enjoy a preference in the duty of excise of 7 per cent. over i ltritish salt refined in Belgium. And by these two concessions, Lord MALMES !IVRY has, of course, substantially thrown away, so far as spring and refined salt are con ' corned, the important advantage gained for En glish salt by Lord PALMERSTON. When then the French negotiators shall, as announced by the C,Jostitutionnef, insist on further advantages to the saline productions of their country in Belgium, small indeed is the security the salt pans of Nantwich will find in Lord MALMESI3I3II% I Tut: axiom that Necessity be no Law deserves a wider application than is generally given to it; for, of all misfortunes, Necessity obtains tho least protection from Law. The boater cheats the ill-paid operative without hindrance ; the bill discounter swindles the distressed gentleman with impunity, because time and money—the want of which is the essence of Necessity—are indispensable to going to Law against him. Those, therefore, who have at their command but little time and but scanty purses form that unfortunate class of the community who are the most cheated and the least protected. Of that class, the largest section and the greatest ea ferers are the humbler orders of emigrants. From what occasionally oozes out in the public newspapers, and from facts which have come pri vately to our knowledge, we are warranted in saying that, at the present time, extortion and deceit are being practised against emigrants at thevarious English ports in a fashion which is as systematic as it is disgrace ful. There is an extensive, infamous, but no less profit able, trading upon Necessity, which it is impossible, in a majority of cases, for the Law to reach. As the fare who has been driven to a railway station just as the train is starting has no time to battle with an extortionate cabman, so the emigrant, the anchor of whose ship is being weighed, can get no redress against an exacting shipbroker or dishonest emigration agent. Occa sionally, however (too seldom), such gentlemen catch • Tartar in au injured client who has some money, and can afford to throw away a little time. When such is the ease, we hold it to be a duty—inasmuch as the text presents itself so infrequently—to " im- I prove" it. As law is unattainable, public opinion should be made to operate as stringently as possible. It will be seen by our reports of the police courts in yesterday's and to-day's papers, that a gentleman IT.. Portsmouth appeared before the LORD MAYOR at the Mansion-house, to complain of the expense sad inconvenience to which his son had been sub jected in consequence of repeated delays in the de parture of the ship Prince Alfred, bound for Port Phil lip,in which the young man had taken, and partly paid for, a lunge. This ship was advertised to sail on the 7th of July, and the complainant came to Lon don about a month before that time, to engage a cabin in her, paying one-half the passage warsey by way of deposit. The departure of the vessel was postponed from the 7th unto the 17th ofJuly; then until the 23th of July; then vigil the 30th of July ; then until the sth of August ; =Meetly—she has not sailed yet ! It happens that I tho present sufferer could afford to run up and down Um Portsmouth in consequence of these repeated postponements ; but supposing—and the case, ekhough extreme, is not uncommon—he had come darns • remote part of these realms, and that his swans were limited to his journey-money to London and to hie passage-money to Australis : —in that ease he must have simply starved, and the remedy pro vide& by law would of course have boen a dead letter too hiss. Happily for Mi. Itnrinzo—the plaintiff in question--he had time, strength, and money enough to arms the evil by which his son had suffered, and to obannedress for him under the 32nd clause of the Pastrapeie Act (12 & 13 Vic., c. 33). By this elsess--which in these times cannot be too widely Maws to emigrants—it is enacted that when a ship car nista within forty-eight hours of the time ad - - mask the pesimoger shall,provided he present him esN he Ilegbillmliga aid have paid his Passage. nosy, slaw he smut Is his destination by the spat hi male ship, or be paid subsistence money at the NO et Is. per day, and also such further sum not oummetinim 101. as shall be decided by the =gin buts to be Tosseosble compenastioa for loss and an eenvesissee esdimeod by the delay—the to be retuned in addition. In the eeniiiatioa, the award was 61., besides s refunding of Mr. assumes deposit. Doubtless, daring the present demand for passen ger ships, and the consequent paucity of seamen to man thee, this clause should be liberally construed in Wiser of the eherteren; bat the delays in the depestors of the Prises AL&ed appear to be unwar rantable. Yet her siesta wenn to consider it a heal* Ilualbsp eftild ban Imo suaimuil. The truth wadi wpm to bo thetas sod won Ind to blunt matt massestabis anon of the dishonest" of lasaldag am wslosst, to the 'stoat al andiedeinnsK wbsa slid be account, a said no and a viten, who demerves, and deeelbes obtains, the sympathy of his brother arrgents. eent cues, however, do not and cannot come hen the public, because they wear at the point of slarnig. It is not uncommon for passage-mongers to MIS S sort of decoy cabin to be fitted up in a ship about to sail, while she is "on view." Delighted with the completeness and neatness of the model berth, the intending emigrant engages space and orders a similar man to be fitted up for himself. When, however, he arrives on board, bag and bag me, he looks in vain for the dandy decoy. It has been desred away ; and the hots allotted to him bears about the same sort of resemblance to it so s St. Ciles'e cellar bean to a St. James's drawing-room. That is not all—although he has engaged and paid for his cabin, so much of his luggage as he chooses —at his own diminution of convenience and space— to place in it, is miaowed ; and he is charged for the epos at the lest moment, when he cannot expose or remedy the fraud. Another sort of fraud is de scribed in that most agreeable of all redressers of public www, Dickens's Household Words, in an article psurtraying from personal observation a oleos on beard a starting emigrant ship : The beams haviag shipped more peasesgeis due could be seememeibled, a done persons had bees, two days be ton, emend hem the ship by tho oselgeseles diens ; bat in their plus at hoot a own non lad loss mat ea beard, sad when they won to Awl tom woo new the The oeptais ha bee. trying to pine two secs sees single bertha. But this, I aseertaleed, we. set all of the misname. meet, or imposition, or both, from 'Yoh these eniertessee emigrants suffered. A great soessiessilbem be:o Ihr their passages through some bed seemed room Ix them in the eta := Fi gigna Me w _ .l however, at the twelfth hour, these we vow Urni that the broken had demanded two a nu um from the society, owing, it was seat goers rin is Whiff were; sad dig accordingly found yes celled apes ec regis to make good the amount from their essay purses. It is one of the curious features of commercial, as well as of public life, that ma will, under the pressure of competition and beim excitement, commit, or become accessary to, nefarious acts from which they would shrink in their private relations with the world. Even a small ship involves large transactions. Consequently most shipowners and charterers are wealthy, and are held, as s body, to be amongst the most respectable members of the community. They are liberal donors to charitable institutions; and appeals to their private benevolence i are seldom made in vain. To that, therefore, setting right and law aside, we would now address our selves. The mitigation of much misery, and no little ruin, is in their power. Let them, therefore, be en treated to do their part amongst their agents and subordinates to suppress a system of fraud, which is as disgraceful to those who practise it as it is ruinous to its victims. THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUST 12, 1852 FRANCE. rAmarvimmi.,, lieut.- contains t he flallowing notion eon- Ili t ii ll n lesarct for ap of • prevented the lielsktia • definitive comiammialtry between- *um. The convention et 1946 having expired ea She lila inst., commercial matter have de pro bees repkaml ostler the empire of the common tends of Ik. Sew seantslas Nevertheless the nepotishons continue, awl k may be hoped that they will terminate fa vourably. This announcement is put forward as a moans of quieting the interests in France, which will be dis turbed by the sudden operation of the general tariff. There really exists very little hope of a satisfactory arrangement. On both sides the greatest irritation prevail.. The real cause of the ill-will of France is the violent opposition which has been manifested by the liberal press of Belgium against the govern meat of Louis Napoleon, and the personal outrages heaped upon the President by the radical papers. Nothing has contributed to exasperate the sore feeling of the government on this side of the frontier so much as the recent publication of a chapter of Victor Hugo's pamphlet in the radical Obserrateur. On the other hand, the Flemings aro full of indignation against tho policy pursued by France of ruining their liberties by threatening their commerce ; and the country is at this moment in such a state of ferment against the catholic, that it ls not practicable for Leopold to choose his advisers from this party ; and even if the King were so dis posed, the present state of public opinion in his do minions would not permit him to make those conces sions, which aro insisted upon by France. I am given to understand that some French statesmen of eminence, whn have taken no part in the politics of their country since Dec. 2, have tried in vain to mediate with effect upon this occasion, and have attempted, without the least success, to bring about a conciliatory spirit between the two governments. The King has no alternative but to restore the Rogier cabinet, which is decidedly hostile to the pre tentions of France. The prolongation of this state of things between Franco and Belgium is contem plated with much alarm by those who are interested in the maintenance of peace. It is, in fact, a quarrel in which the sword might be drawn sooner than foreign countries are generally aware. The piracy of literary works, so much complained of in France, is a matter of very secondary import compared with the freedom of the Belgian press. Louis Napoleon is quite resolved to put an end to the opposition of newspapers, which are written in the French lea guer, and find circulation with more or less difficulty in the French territory. I have more than once called your attention to the President's extreme sen sibility to attacks by the foreign press; and the Mc niteur of to-day contains a fresh token of the energy with which he has sought to put an end to such. I ' mentioned in a previous letter that the Krems Zeitung of Berlin, better known hero by the title of the Now relle Gazette de Prune, the organ of the Schwarz- Weiss protestants, has offended in this respect. To day the Monaca,- quotes the official paper of Berlin to show that the editor of the Prussian paper has been menaced with expulsion if he allows any fresh attack against the French President to appear in his columns. When Prussia is so complaisant, no wonder the President is enraged at the sauciness of Belgium. The rejection of the treaty on literary property between France and Holland has little or no politi cal signification. The States-General were deter mined to throw out any measure brought forward by M. Sonsbuck, the foreign minister. This gentleman has accordingly, we hear to-day, resigned; and as soon ea his plw. has been refilled, fresh negotiations will be opened with the French government. It appears from a paragraph in the Bulletin de Paris, that M. de Persigny ham contrived to feather his nest pretty well since his installation in the mi nistry of the interior, six months ago. We are told that this successor to M. de Morny has just ex pended half a million of francs upon a property at Ramie on the Loire. Thiel sum is just ten tames the amount of M. de Persigny's salary during the term of hie ministerial career. Before the faithful follower of the fortunes of Louis Napoleon was Installed in the hotel of theltuc de Grenelle, I am not aware that he was in the possession of a better Income than Goldsmith's parson. People naturally inquire where the mine of gold was turned up which has made of the minister so considerable a landed proprietor. Certainly the remark of M. Prandial= falls with par ticular force at such a moment, when he pants to the poverty in which poor Marrest died, and to the penury in which Lamartine lives, and indignantly exclaims, " Yet the provisional go vernment was branded with the calumnious stigma of peculation. No! there was never a body of more disinterested or better-meaning men." H. Roinieu is about to be made a councillor of state. A correspondent of an Hungarian newspaper, who came to Paris with M. Teleki, in 1848, has just been expelled from France. The Pays, following the example of the Moni ker, announces this morning the reduction of its price to forty trance. Together with the reduced price, this journal promises the further attractions of an increase in eine, and in addition t. the usual poli tical articles, a set at special columns, dedicated to each of the great moral and material interests of so- ciety. The names of many illustrious and eminent men, who will join the newly organised journal, will be announced on the 18th of August. I believe the secret of this movement to be that the Pays is about to be appointed a semiofficial organ, directly in spired by the government, but empowered to enter the arena of political disemeion with more energy than the Monikner, bound by precedent to observe a grave demeanour, can conveniently do. The pliant M. de Lagnerroniere will remain the chief editor. MM. Granite de Cassaignac and de Cessna will again find congenial employment for their pens. M. de Cormenin will write upon administrative law, M. Girand on public instruction, General Dan mu on war and Algeria, M. Stourm, councillor of state, and M. Niaard on literature. Should this plan be realised, it will go far to consummate the ruin of many of the other paper, to whom the monopoly and price of the Monsieur has already given a very severe blow. The licootints of the second ballot forth. Conncils Goners' continue to be of the same complexion. The number of abstentions is everywhere greater than before. The most striking fact is the election of M. Jules Fevre as an opposition candidate both at Lyons and St. Etienne. In the latter town M. Bain, a mo. °Waist candidate, has also been returned. The acrouelleMent of the wife of Don Miguel is now placed beyond a doubt by the following official communication, sent to the Vision for publication by Don Oassa de Castro : A M. the Commander Da Gum de Castro. Measieur,—His Majesty the King, our august muter, orders ms• to communicate to you, in order that you may give the requisite publicity to the announcement, that the Queen, his august spouse, gave birth to a well-formed prin. am this day (the sth instant) at a quarter to four in the morning. The accosich-matt was in every respect favour able, and her Majesty the Queen and the august primes, are in the best possible state of health. God preserve your excellency. 10A0 DS LIMOS. Palma of Heubult, Aug. 6, 1852. Commander do Castro, who signs himself as "of the council of his most faithful Majesty," states that, according to the usages of Portugal the title of the newly-born heir presumptive to the crown is the Princess of Beira. There will be a great gathering of bishops at Cambrai on the 15th and 22nd of August, to take part in a religious festival, for which immense pre parations are making. Cardinal Wiseman, followed by a long train of pilgrims, is expected from England. At the Bourse the Four-and-a-Half per Cents. rose 20c., closing at 104.70; the Threes rose 5c., and closed at 74.85. The above rise in the funds took 'due alter two o'clock, the Four and-a-Half per Cents. having been u low as 104.35. Indeed, the last transaction for cash was done at 104.40. All other securities closed at lower prices. Bank of France shares fell 17.50 ; St. Germain Railway, 15 ; Rouen and Marseilles, 12.50 each ; Northern, 8.75; Orleans and Lyons, 7.50 each ; Strasbourg, 6.25 ; Dieppe, 3.75; Lyons and Avignon, 2.50. ITALY. ROMAN STATES. The C'orriere Mercantile of Genoa says, with re ference to the report of the approaching withdrawal of the French army from Rome, that there is no prospect of the realisation of the precedent oondition of the organisation of the Papal army. There are ao funds for the purpose. Only about 800 or 1,000 Swiss and Clemens have yet enlisted. Irish bigots is plenty might be had, but the English government will prevent them. GERMANY. An Austrian imperial decree of the 31st July for mally abolishes the instituting of the National Guard, and in its stead there is to boa " Reserve." After having served the eight years appointed by law, every soldier, mailer, gendarme, and policeman—the military borderers excepted—will belong to the re serve for two years. The duties of the reserve will be, " in ease of war or under extraordinury circum stances to enter into active service, which active service will cease with the unusual circumstances." AMERICA. [BT ILICIBIC TRLEGRATIL] (FlOlO OVII OWN CORKZSPONDINT.) SOUTHAMPTON, TIMIUMAT Moa Nix°. The Humboldt has just arrived off Cowes on her way to Havre. She left New York on the 30th ult. 1 1 She brings 450,000 dollars and 130 passengers. An anchorage duty of sixpence per ton had been demanded by the English on American fishing Tea sels. Two more American fishing ships had been seized by the English. Fourteen ships of war (English) were cruising on the grounds, four more being fitted out at St. John's. A part of the Japan expedition had been ordered to the scene of the dis pute, and the Mississippi, Commodore Perry, was coaling for that object at New York. The President is displeased with Webster's speech on the fishing dispute, and, notwithstanding the threatening aspect of affairs, it was hoped an amicable arrangement would shortly be come to. COMMERCIAL. ----- ----- Cotton firm. Freights dull. In wool gnat ac tivity. Stock market busy, and breadatuffs brisk. Exchange steady, on London, Ile!. Vio Court. A deputation from the parish of Liverpool, con sisting of Mr. Richard Johnson, Mr. Charles Wdliner, and Mr. Charles Hart (Vestry Clerk), had an interview with Mr. Secretary Walpole yesterday at the Home Once. Despatches were received from the Governor of the Cape of Good Hope yesterday at the Colonial Office. Despatch.* were also received from the Governors of Sierra Leone and Van Diensen's Land. We regret to hear that Mr. Urquhart, late M.P. for Stafford, is seriossly ill. THE QUEEN'S VISIT TO BELGIUM. WALMER, Acoutir 11. About half-past Ave o'clock last evening the booming of cannon from tho battery of Weimer Castle sifnalled the arrival in the Downs of the royal squadron. L lion the whole of the fleet coming up, they slipped anchor in front of the Castle, where the Duke of Wellington is at present sojourning. The loyal demonstrations, both at Deal and Wilmer, were meet enthusiastic. Numerous sailing boats, with every other available description of craft, crowded with townspeople, quickly put off, eager to catch a glimpse of the Queen and the royal squadron. Shortly atter the Royal Victoria and Albert yacht had east anchor, his Royal Highness Prince Albert, accompanied by several distinguished members of the royal @Wte. came ashore in sn open boat, and proceeded to V. almer Castle to visit the Duke. After a stay of some length the Prince Consort quit ted the esatle, and returned on board. The royal fleet then made preparations for passing the night (which proved pretty favourable) in the Downs. This morning broke with tempestuous symptoms, notwithstanding which, how ever, her Majesty gave orders to proceed, and the royal squadron weighed anchor about five o'clock. Shortly be fore sin the whole fleet steamed off briskly for the shore of Belgium, under a royal salute from the guns of Weimer Castle. ANTWERP, Avower 10. The streets and quay . of Antwerp rresented a scene of great excitement to-day, in consequence of the hourly ex pected arrival of her Majesty. The trains upon the Belgian lines, as well as upon the pr incipal French routes, have for the last day or two been pouring in a continued stream of visitors, while the demand for lodgings and accommodation has been turned to excellent pecuniary account by the honest burghers of the city. During a greater pert of the day the quay hu been occupied by troops of lancers and other military bodie., drawn up in readi ness to receive with devoted homage and re sct the s ,vereign of that count r y w ith w hi c h, i n days e of yore, Holland once bravely disputed the eoveringnty of the seas Thousands of eyes were anxiously directed along the banks of the Scheldt, or were waiting with the utmost impatience. to witness the arrival of the pigeons which, set free at Flushing, were to announce the entry of the peaceful Bridals squadron in the waters of Belgium. Up to the time of my writing, however, the expectations of the good people have not hien gratified, sad a general opinion appesrs to prevail that her Majesty will not arrive until to-morrow (Wednesday). The King of the Belgians arrived at his palate to day, where preparations of the most extensive kind have been made for giving a fitting reception to the Queen. The station of the Antwerp, )(alias, and Bumph Railway has been decorated with a profusion of English and Belgian flags and banners, and a reception room has been provided, fitted with crimson and gold, and ornamented with a variety of beautiful exotica and Bowen, as it is expected that her Majesty will make ass of that line of railway on the occasion of her paying a visit to Brussels. On her return from Brussels, it is generally understood that the royal visitors will take the opportunity of exa mining the buutiful collection of modern paintings of the artists of all nations, which was yesterday thrown open to the public. ARRIVAL OF THE QUEEN IN BELGIUM. (BY SUBMARINE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) ANTWERP, WZMINIIIDAT ETININO. The Queen has arrived. She cast anchor at a quarter past seven o'clock this evening. The King of the Belgians arrived from Laticken at 45 minutes past seven, went on board the yacht, and dined there. The Queen will Iwo to-morrow morning for Brussels. THE MISSING INDIAN MAIL. TO TZ3 TIMOR OF MI =PURI, - - - Bra,—However nntek it has been the fashion for interested parties te noilensts the rfilaissay and services of the /Ulla nary, it is lehlepeiable that the ships are well eseemei rid Awl. And the Nadas, unlike the Magma wad the Harm is the best of many good boats, and her siona t a l iger. - Barks., the captain most experiszwed in the na get of the Red Bea. v Ortward of Aden the peonage is always dangerous, and narrow as is the channel there ere many shoals aad reeks in the miclit of it, sad among others may be mentioned the Brothers. It is impossible but that sooner or later some fearful shipwreck must occur, and then, perhaps, the Indian or home government will conaider the expediency of %stad ia, lighthouse or two on the most dangerous points. It They who may be shipwrecked will Lind the coast of Arabia more inhospitable than the desert. Several murder) perpetrated by the savage Arabs in the vicinity of Aden re main unavenged, and to this day • boat's crew sent on shore for water or provisions are liable to attack. It is certain that were any party east away upon those shores, the women and children would be carried away into slavery and the men be put to death. And the govern ment, for the put impunity vouchsafed to the treacherous tribes around Men, would be morally responsible for the unhappy fate that would surely await the shipwrecked. Now that some anxiety is naturally felt by those whose relations or friends were embarked on board of the Ajadaha, it may not be Ul timed to call the attention of the public to this subject. ANGLO-INDIAN. Tim MlLlTlA.—`Yesterday an _ somber of the ensiled Chelsea pensioners who had bees selested by Colonel Telloeb, the military superintendent of psmiesers for their eficiency, took place before the colonel eat medical staff, st the officers quarters in Bushill-row, is order to ussrtala their competency to drill remite, ea a torimovomat to constituting the oaf of the rd appolatatents of which efficient sad tompeteat win have ths preference ; and, although there W sa ll:ea rs several applications from non-commiMmog o g. twos aid private, belonging to regiments of elks Ms Are floolimilow, it is considered advisable by the authorities r=rasionen, as far as their 'services eim le made the formation of the new levies. Per this pur pose the lass so selected will be called out immediately fir 21 days' drill, previous to being appointed to the militia staff. Their pay during the period of drill will be Ir dd. per day, exclusive of pension, which they will receive be sides. A similar process is being pursued in all the distrieM Meelsout the kingdom, and on Tuesday Lieut.-Colosel Wesel, of the Grenadier Guards, inspected R number of passers on Hunpatead.hcath, when several were ap mesa tar service in the Royal Middl sex Militia. It does mot aossonear follow that candidates for the appointments heel oselmoola of the line are excluded, u, in the event dike lade-lieutenants of counties not being able to form we 'Solent staff to their respective regiments of militia from aw enrolled pensioners belonging to districts within the figarAy, then the qualifications and conduct of men be- Maglug to the Guards and line will be taken into considers. =:tl appointments given to ths most competent end tatted. of a (RATION AGENTS. LIABILITIES OF _MANSION-110M. Mr. Mew Woolley, ship-broker, of Cullum-street, Lime-street, appeared in consequence of the Lord Mayor's postponement of the ease of breadth of contract, upun which be was summoned by Mr. Bastard, of Portsca, whom be had engaged to provide with a passage on board the Prince Alf to Port Phillip. The case had been ad journed in order that the defendant might argue by conn ed against the construction put for the complainant upon the Plumage's Act, 1149, by Mr. Woutner, who contended that the 32nd section sanctioned his client's demand of the return of the deposit money, and reasonable remuneration under the sum of IW., for the loss and hiconvenience sus tained by him by the delay. Aldermen }lnnis presided. Mr. Bailin:dine, as counsel fur the defendant, said the case, the particulars of which were detailed in the news papers of the day, was one of considerable importance to the public, as well as to his client, who resisted an enor mously exaggerated claim, against the principle of which ho considered it to be his duty, as a commercial man, most energetically to oppose. It was not Mr. Woulley's in tention or wish to conceal any error ho might have com mitted in the course of the transaction referred to. The vessel had been appointed to sail on the 7th of July, and the defendant was as much disappointed as any other per son at the delay which had taken place, an d which was attributable to a concurrence of unforeseen and inevitable difficulties. The claim was made upon the authority of the 32nd section of the act, and if any one was liable under that section it must be admitted that the defendant was the person ; but that liability wax in this instance most empha tically denied. The object of the legislature in framing the act was to protect the pourer classes and to establish for them a security against the dangers of being thrown upon the world. The learned count:el then contended at some length against the applicability of the 32nd section to the case before the alderman. He denied that his client had committed the permanent " default" which the act insist have meant in speaking of delay arising from the neglect, refusal, or " default " of tho owner, or other responsible persons, without saying ene word about time. The con tract could not be said to be violated. There was the ship ready fur the complainant. He could obtain his passage. ' 'There was plenty of room, and the emigration commis sioners had passed their approbation upon the arrange ments. It was true that delay hail taken place, but the 32nd section had not provided a penalty for time. In the 33rd section, however, which was the section under which a pecuniary demand could be made, and the liability to which his client had never for • moment doubted, or ob jected to the emigrant was entitled to a shilling a day for the delay after the time fixed for departure. Now the defendant had determined to exceed that allowance, and to art under a degree of liberality not contemplated by those who hail framed the measure. In strict terms people who con tracted to perform certain acts were obliged to be punctual in the performance ; but it would be very hard if, when a vessel was appointed to sail one day, and was detained by uncontrollable circumstances beyond that day, every pas senger on board should come forward and demand his money and recompense for the inconvenience to which he might say he was subjected by the temporary disappoint ment. Alderman Fianis—Tho act gives the shipowner or agent the option of procuring a passage in another veracl within 41$ hours. Mr. Ballantine admitted that fact, and proceeded to ar gue upon the absurdity of the wording of the section, which omitted the mention of the time at which the vessel was to sail ; and thus, he contended, left the passenger completely at the mercy of those who might be disposed to act according to the letter. Ile called the attention of the alderman to the lb $ 16 Victoria, which, although not yet in operation, he was justified in referring to as a proof of the inadequacy of the act upon which the present complaint was founded, and intended to supply the defi ciency by stating that within ten days from the expiration of the contract an eligible ship must be procured iu the event of disappointment ea to the original vessel. The learned counsel concluded by expressing his hope that the alderman would not, by his decision, subject emigrants to the formidable dangers which must arise from the net of compelling agent. to send out vessels without the necessary preparations for long and hazardous voyages, end enable in dividuals liable to change of inclination and opinion to barns, men who were conscientiously performing their duty with expense and anxiety and useless litigation. Mr. Wontner, for the complainant, said the case was, in deed, of very great public importance, as the learned counsel had stated, for it applied in the most powerful and intelligible manner to the innumerable passengers who were daily leaving England for foreign countries, and who, if the regulation contended for were not enforced, would be at the mercy of unprincipled agents. It appeared that in the Times newspaper of that day, which reported the pro ceedings of the Mansion-house on the preceding day, there appeared the decision of the Liverpool stipendiary magi strate upon the very subject to which the attention of the Lord Mayor bad been called. Mr. Ballantine objected to such an authority, and &leo said the two cases were dissimilar. Mr. Wontner said there wes the strongest similarity between the cases, u must be observed by all who had read the statements in the same paper. In the Liverpool case the magistrate had decided that the claimant was entitled to his deposit, and to remuneration for his loss and inconvenience, and there was no reason why • London magistrate should not put the same genuine construction upon an act of parliament which bad been obviously made for the protection of persons in the condition of his client, who had contracted for his passage in a ship which was to ' sail on a particular day. The owner or agent was certainly bound to abide by the contract. It was to be expected from him that he was so much muter of his own business, and so cognisant of his own concerns, as to know whether be was able to go upon a particular day. The very word-I ing of the clause which compelled the owner or agent to provide • purge in another ship within 48 hours, in the event of disappointment, settled the qu-stion in the opinion of every rational preen who happened to look into it. It said in mercy to the owner or agent You shall have the oppor tunity of procuring the substitute within a limited pe riod.' It wee clear, then, that the contract had been vio lated. It could not be aril that the complainant having performed his part of thecontract, must go when the owner or agent chose. That was, it would appear, the sen tence passed upon him, fora month had elapsed from the lint assurance of the time of starting, and the vessel was not ready yet. Mr. Wontuer proceeded to show that the 32nd section of the act completely applied to the ease of his client, and concluded by repeating his client's claim to the return of the deposit of 10 guineas, and 61., as recom pense for the loss and inconvenience he had incurred by the delay. Alderman Finals said the subject war certainly of very great .mportance to the public, and he had given to it a con sideration proportionate to his sense of its peculiar claims. The owner or agent must return the ten guineas given ' r a deposit by the complainant. The paper which had been signed by Mr. Woolley was to all intents and purposes a bona Ade contract. It stated the ship was to sail on, or, according to the alteration made by Mr. WooUey ' s clerk, " abo u t" the 7th of July. Now, if this ship had been ready within a reasonable time, there would have been no occasion to apply for adjudieation to the magistrate ; but the delay had been unreasonable ' and Mr. Woolley himself, in the letter he had written, admitted the strong points of the complainant's case. The 33rd section, which awarded a shilling a day in payment of expenses incurred after the time appointed for sailing, did not apply to the present cane. The com plainant must have 6J., which he was out of pocket by the delay. He wished to be distinctly understood as having been influenced in giving this decision by the circumstance of the " unreasonable delay." Mr. Brinier said the admitted canoe of the adjudica tion was important to the defendant, who would certainly act in compliance with the order of the alderman, at the mane time that be would appeal against the judgment. The defendant acknowledged that the delay was unreason able, and therefore would pay the full demand of the com plainant, but he would put the principle to the test at the quarter sessions. Alderman Finnic—When will the Prince Alfred sail for Port Phillip ? Mr. Ballantins---To-morrow. jacieinireiinnis:.Vi 7 l4;hould not all these gentlemen who seem so impatient to go at once resume their photo in the vessel. If they do they will reach their destination sooner than they will if they look atter another ship, with all its possible delays and unavoi..able impediments ? Mr. Wontner said his client was not disposed to go in the vessel for the reasons stated on the former day. He believed there were ten or a dozen who were of the same wry of thinking. Mr. Ballantine—Then Mr. Woolley will answer a sum mons from every one of them. Bach shall stand upon his own merits. _ Alderman Finnis—lt is a great deal better to coma to some arrangement, wbich may prevent dissgreeablo alter nation. Mr. Ballantine—My client, Mr. Woolley, is disposed to give the whole of the emigrants who complain of delay • passage in his vessel immediately, and he is willing to leave the terms of recompense to the arbitration of Captain Lean, who is so efficient and honourable • public officer, and who will, no doubt, gladly ur.dertake the task of amicable inter ' position. Alderman Finnis—There is no perion to whom I can p 'int who is better adapted for the office of impartial me diator. The great body of the emigrants who attended then ex pressed their willingness to abide by the arbitration of Cap tain Leen, the government emigration agent ; and thus the case, which excited a vast deal of curiosity iu the city, ter minated. Mr. Oull, who gave evidence in the matter on Tuesday, was, by mistake, said to have stated that the emigration agent had surveyed the provisions on board on Wednesday instead of Saturday last. METROPOLITAN SCHOOL OP PRACTICAL ART: WOOD ENGRAVING CLANN.—The wood•engraving dam of the female students of the Metropolitan School of Practical Art is about to be re-organised, and removed from Gower street, to Marlborough-house, and to be placed under the direction of Mr. Thompson, who certainly ranks among the very first of the European engravers on wood. Instead of meeting only twice in the week for t wo hours, the clue is to meet daily (ezeept Saturdays) for three hours, and an effort will be made to render the instruction as efficient as possible. The great defect among our wood engravers is their inability to draw. It will be a principal object to care this, and we understand that no pupil will be admitted into the clue who cannot give proud of en ability to draw well from solid forms. The fees hitherto have been merely , nominal, but will hereafter be raised to a point somewhat more nearly approaching the value of the instruction afforded. The clam will commence its operations the first of neat month. THE LATE ACCIDENT ON MR LONDON AND NORM WESTERN RAILWAY. Yesterday the inquest was opened at boeicer'a Gate, Ilampton-in-Arden. before W. i Poole, E... 1 . rtla the to the death of Mr. Bedington, who was kill, d by the accident on this line of railway, full particular& of whi c h have already appeared in the Dotily News. Mr. Bedford, Mr. M'Connell, Captain Bruyeres, and Mr, Cleather, solicitor, from the othee of Mr. Carter, a p peared on behalf of the company: and Mr. E.lat, aoliettor, repre senting Mr. Ald. Hawke', of Birmingham, appeared for the widow and Edam's of the deceased. 111rTioielitejriyVri;;;;;;rn, Mr. East (addressing the I coroner) said-1 appear fur the widow and friends of the deceased; I should like to know whether we Anil have the benefit of Mr. Maedale's evidence, he having made an ex amination of the state of the engine and fire-box. Coroner—You are aware that you are here by the COW , tray of the court? Mr. Ewa—Certainly. Coroner—Then after the jury are sworn, we shall take your suggestion into consideration. Before the jury retired to view the fractured ash-pen the coroner addressed them, lie said: I must request that you will not form any opinion relative to this important inquiry until you have heard the evidence of all the witnesses. and the reason I make that observation is, that I was in the I rem at Coventry during a part of the time they were hold ingl the inquest there, end I observed that one or two of the jury had made up their minds from the first. That is nut right; because we all knew, as men of the wor ld , that what may appear conetusive after a story is told on one side in very often explained away when other evidence is brought against it; therefore I trust that no opinion will be fanned by you until the close of the inquiry. Juror—We are disposed to du justice to all parties. We should like to make this as much an indepenikni Union's' possible, and to have all the fresh evidence we can. Coroner—You see things get into the newspapers, an d of 1 course you are fully aware of what has taken place at Coventry ; hut that is not fur our guidance here. The inquiry was then formally commenced; Mr. Robert Bedington, of Acton New-town, Birmingham, swore to the identity of his brother's body, who was 34 years of age. The:jury, therefore, retired, and, assisted by the cern yany's ecryants, made a minute examination of the ash-pan and its appendages. The company's servants were then cunt d, who gave evi dence as to the circumstance conw•cted with the accident; all this has already appeared in the Ihuly News in the course of the report of the inquest which LOOK plate at Coventry, and as the testimony of these pervoc• in no ma terial point varied from that which has already been published, it is unnecessary to repeat it. William Jenkinson, the driver of In 4 engine, merely con. firmed rather than added to his former evidence, as to the duty of engine-drivers relative to their examination of en gines before they went out. On this point tie said, " It's our duty to see that the engine is thoroughly in repair. I looked over my engine before I wed out on the morning of the accident. The tire was in at tile time. I always ex amined my engine every day after I have done wor k. Thi s engine has been sent in for repairs two or three times since the ''2nd of July." Relative to what lie observed immediately prior to :he accident, the witness said--" I did not rce any thing on the rails: at the time I started from Birmingham everything appeared to be in its pro per place." [mt.. repai re" to which the witness referred seem to have been on one oc casion at Is-set for two rivets and one strap in connexion with the uh-pan; bitch was not shown to have been the case in the " repairs of engines book " produced in the course of to-day's inquiry, but the witness said that this was the fact.] In the course of the investigation the jury expressed a wish to have an opportunity of seeing the engi ne f rom a "pit," in order that they might more completely inspect it. Mr. M'Conneli accordingly ordered is special train to the Ilampto i station, where this accommodation was afforded, whither the jury at once proceeded. On their return an hour afterwards, the inquiry was resumed. Jenkinson was re-called on their return. Ile was ques tioned by the coroner as to whether the engine No. 1.i3 had run off the line a month since very nearly at the spot where the accident occurred. The witness replied in the negative, but he said " She is a very bad engine to backwards on a curve, though I never remember to have had her off the line." By Mr. East—We were going at the rate of forty miles an hour. I did not examine the engine the night before the accident. I examined her in the morning. The tire was in her at the time, hut did not go in a pit to do so. Mr. East—l observe that by rule 3.i the ',river 6to re port to the stationmaster, or some other penon at a prin cipal station, as to the state of the engine. Now, to your knowledge, .s there any other inspection of the engine ex cept that which you make Witness—Not as I am aware of. Mr. E.uit—So that the state of the engine depcnds en tirely on yourself? Witness—That's more than I can tell. Coroner—You can tell. Witness—Well, I suppose there is not. Mr. East—liqw is it that if you reported the state of the uh.pan, and there were repairs made, that no note of the fact appears in the tt engine repairs book ?" Witness—l don't know, but the repairs were made. Mr. East—To whom did you report the fact on the 22nd of July that the ash-pan of the engine required repairs ? Witness—l was working with the smith, and I mentioned to him that one or two of the stays of the ash-pan were bad; this was either on the night of the 22nd or on the morning of the 23rd ; the repairs were done. lam not certain whether 1 mentioned this to the person having charge of the repairs book. By Mr. Cleather— Something might be found out after I had reported, and the work would he done. I am not aware that it is the duty of the foreman to examine every engine at the end of each day's work. Mr. Abraham Marshall, the superintendent of locomo tives at Birmingham, said—l was in constart attendance on the engine 153 at Birmingham from the time it arrived from Rugby on the morning of the accident until its de parture. I examined it ; that is, I looked round the en gine, and saw that its working parts were good. I did not go into a pit for the purpose, and by such an examination as I made I could not have seen a flaw in a stay or screw. This engine is not at home at Birmingham, so 1 have never had occasion thoroughly to examine her. Mr. East—Now, we have understood that your duty would be to examine this engine, if you had a report from the driver; it would also be his duty to examine it; now, is there any third person charged with a similar duty ? Witness—There is not. Mr. Cleather—Do you minutely examine, every day, the state of the engines under your care at Dirminghlun? Witness—Yes. Mr. Cleather—And do bon make a report weekly u to their state ? Witness—Yes. __ Capt. Bruyeres—M e shall show that every engine is thoroughly examined when ills at borne. By the Coroner—lf any report had been made to me by the driver as to the state of this engine, and of its need of repairs, I should have repaired it. Mr. Crawford, the sup erintendent of locomotives at Rugby, was next culled. His evidence in chief was similar to that which he gave at Coventry. John Stephenson, a smith employed at the Rugby sta tion, swore to the fact of his having assisted in putting three new bolts to the fire-box of 153 engine, and four new bolts for the ash.pan. The repairs to the stay were done by his father. This was on the 23rd of July. Mr. Letts, a passenger by the Leamington train, wee nest examined. His evidence has already appeared in the Daily News. The witness described the finding of a piece of iron, three feet in length, placed in a triangular form uptight on the line a short space before the spot where the carriages left the rails. Thu was not seen by any other person, neither did the witness himself immediately inform the company's servants that he had made this discovery. He described, toe, an appearance of " ploughing" on the Birmingham side, a few yards beyond the spot where the piece of iron was picked up. Mr. William Ballard, a builder, residing at Leamington, also a passenger in the down-train, expressed an opinion that the break van of the up-train left the rails by reason of its being so lightly laden, there being only two small boxes in it. He had heard, too (he said), that a lady at Hampton station new the break-van Jumping on the rails as the train Mr. Mr. Bedford—None of the persons at the station know anything of this occurrence. Juror (to witness)—Did you see sny such piece of iron on the line as that described by the last witness ? Witness—No, I did not. Bond, a porter in the service of the Midland Company at the Hampton station, was called, but he swore that he had not heard of any such statement as that to which Mr. Ballard had referred. Coroner—This idea of Mr. Ballard's is quite conjectural, we have a cau e in the fall of the as►-pan, its not worth while to look further. At this stage of the proceedings an adjournment took place until next Tuesday morning, meanwhile a practical engineer unconnected with the company in to inspect the ash-pan and fittings, and report the state thereof to the jury. The following is an extract from a letter written by a youth in the train at the time of the accident to his friends In Birmiegham ; it was dated London, August 5 . " I never witnessed such a scene in all my life, and how I escaped being killed was truly miraculous; as I was in the MAO carriage with Mr. Bedington, and strange to say I was the farthest from the door and he was the nearest it ; there was but three of us in the carriage, and as soon as the up-train was off the rails it shook the door of our carriage open, sad the person to my bit hand jumped out, me following as quick as possible, but whether I caught Mr. Iledington's foot, or whether my foot caught the bottom of the carriage I can't tell, but I fell out head first, and as lack would have it my legs fell over, and I rolled into the ditch, and at the very same instant Mr. Bedington cried oat, "For God's sake come to my assistance, for my legs are entangled." In the space of a few more seconds the engine of the Leamington tram ran straight into the carriage that he war in and knocked it on to the bank ; he must have fell under the carriage, and the wheels ran over him, as he was cut all to atoms. Ilia liver lay in one place, his kid neys in another, and various portions of his skull in a third. I must say I never witnessed such a sight iii my life. I got off very comfortable, merely losing a tooth and getting • few bruisee in different parts of my body and my clothes torn; but I am now getting all right, and I hope to begin to work on Monday. I have been to the railway company, and they have given me 7i." &e. Taz EmientAtioN MOVEMENT iff beginning to tell. At a fair held recently in Wiltshire where I.iliourcrs are hired, there was a great scarcity of the latter, in fact, nut one-half equal to the demand. This nelled to his life h; gate, an, took plat and by third tun, rough col An odd the lied& contained of the cam News. Tire E Theft arc Wniea, tw for the Ad eate with the means Port. As f ecilitatia ( a those tows la the Unii that all lb Western I will al so a each an an lion, that such as Ila that th e o time rased. EXI 7 I The day is W. 8. a gainst tinier, n ear id by Mr. immune pyar, u a , OO , last. wl Birmin o 300 Nibbett. THlCitfl "To W ~ Accei Scot The but nuth The p and fart of the t denied. Atter remand, not yet h admitted remande was mat seized by agreed tl be give■ he had which an inferred gang of THE