The Express. — London, England, 1853-02-14 00:00:00

erpreAo. T.) CORRESPONDENTS. a Mood " Das Uproot," ninalatin I. OPTC.II 0.141.1 r. Mew to poii•And every Ismlay Fri.'sy stow poot. a MM. .00ntobtfestad Der"lM Expros.,"Landa., M.We114.141 parr, soft t„, ! ft)/ 1 . . Ic., W, Lomwoolanmrsoot, lw• u'enxi on it. oitirst4,4- MOIR wATER AT LONDON BRIDOIL IitOMIM. 51 51ra. Aft•twe. 46. 11.. tempw—Marsiag. 61..7 i Atrinisus. et. 455. I:0N, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 11. THE III•lso of Commons is about to afford proof of Mr. It. I:‘..t i's nervoustass lest any passing words uttered on this side of the Channel should give umbra ;.• to the new E3trEttoa of the FRENCH. In his nosiety todemonstrate the tendency of his sus ceptibilities on this head, ho has given notice of a ques tion Inc th:s. venittg regarding certain expressions said to basil been used by Sir CHARLES WOOD at a recent .liunt rat Halifax. The Pitv-stotNe of tne Bout!) of CoNntot, when contrasting our own poli tical taatiliti ~ 1 with the of Frinee, reminded hi,. hearers of the notorious fact that the liberty of pubic disztits• on no longer existed there, acd alluded indireetiv to the equally notorious fact that Bel gium bad been compelled to modify its own laiss relating to the press at the menacing instant , ' u! the French Government. He added that aim iugh Louts NAPULEOS had succeeded in guggiutz press of his own country and that of his weak..r i,,htiours, he could not succeed in gagging ours. 'ibis is the Irevl and front of the Right Hon. Baron. is attending; and for this the leader of the Tory party in the House of Commons wishes to call him to ,os ount. _ _ Mr. DISZAILLI is confessedly a great actor, and the versatility of his 1 4 enias we are little diistmeg be qiieetioa. Hot we doubt whether tie new part et Dr. I'rra at as, which he seems ambitious to play, exactly suits him. Few men have shown less of the qualities that aro usually considered indispensable for the right rendering of that somewhat peevish and prosaic character. It was but the other day that 1w himself, when pronouncing a parliamentary dogs on the late Duke of Wzaalau lit? , inautged in a fling at the conduct of our allies during the war, which was not only his. torically uninstifiable, but politically indiscreet. The expresstua, which was supposed to have given no little i..ff...nce at the time to over sensitive people in Prussia, was not uttered after dinner in a convivial assembly, but by the late Ca INCELLOII of the Ex cueut:En is his place as lender of the House at Commons. The difference between the circumstance* and the correctness of the two expressions isconsiderm ble. Everybody understands that what is said by a Minis'cr, in his ministerial capacity, differs in the 'degree of ;mportance attached to it from what Weald bya repreventative addressing his constituents. Under despotic governments like that of France, a Minister has sked no other capacity than that of subserving the purpeees, or uttering the thoughts, of one imperious will. The Members of a Cabinet like that of Louis if tI'OLEON'S, are but so many mouth-pieces of the great French-horn, made use of in turn accordiug to their size ar.d the various tones which aro in turn to be given. But in constitutional systems like ours a Minister is also a representative. Ile has duties to perform to the people who elect him of open and candid advice, as well as duties which he owes to the Crown of confideutial counsel. Ills position when be addri sties the Legislature from the Treasury bench is specific and peculiar, but cannot bo confounded, without injustice and absurdity, with that of a member of Parliament publicly addressing his constituents, or that of a leading Miniver advising the Crown. Words spoken in Parliament by one who assumes to represent the predominant sentiments there, are not unreasonably taken f,r infinitely more than any individual'. opinion is separately worth. His colleagues sit by and hear him. If they do not repudiate his expres. Mons, they are fairly held to be committed by them. When Mr. DISRAELI, for instance, last November, assigned as one of the reasons why the Duke of WEL LINGTON should have a public funeral,—that he had triumphed at W..terloo, not only over the French, but over the misconduct of our " scandal ous allies,"—every colleague who heard hired, and who dared not dissent, felt ONSalill that to a certain extent each was siewesalis for the inaccuracy and mischief of the unlucky phrase. Yet lie one whom we remember on the liberal side of the house thought it worth while to cavil at the terms of this singular escapade. It was treated by those who thought worst of it && mere rhetorical efflorescence not worth plucking out of the somewhat ill-chosen garland which the official orator thought fit to place upon the hero's tomb. Bat when Sir Cu tELES WOOD, on a festive occa sion, among his old friends, forgets the habit of Ministerial reserve for a minute and a half, and during that guilty interval relapses into the practice so common amongst English gentlemen, of telling • /plain truth in plain words, all Toryism is shocked and soandalised, and ebullient. And the most un-circumspect of leaders—always excepting Lord DERBY himself— feels called upon to put a solemn question in Perlis iment regarding the occurrence. The Tories would have it understood that the feelings of their Imperial friend, the man of the coup d'ital, are not to be trifled with, even in &chance phrase, with their assent and . maction. The notoriety of the fact adverted to, and the truth of the comment made on it by Sir CHARLES WooD, is rather an aggravation than otherwise of his crime. That crime is nothing short of treason to European absolutism—and as such, no doubt, de serves; in their estimation, condign punishment. It !le almost a pity, we think, that the wary HENLEY, or the pragmatical Pausoros, was not 'in preference commissioned to wield the laws the offending baronet, instead of Mr. against The passages of personal enmity be itween the two ex-financiers are rather too fresh in people . ' recollection to render the part of accuser, to say nothing of that of executioner, appropriate; and as if to mark conspicuously his own unfitness for the office of accuser in the present case, Mr. Disaseu he. himself fallen into a still greater and more serious blunder by the manner in which he has 'chosen to shape his question. His interpellation, instead of being addressed to the prudence or dignity of the phraseology used (which neither the mem ber for Halifax or any one else, we suppose, would think it worth while to stickle for), the Tory leader requires to know whether Lord Joins RUSSELL, Lord ABERDERN, and the rest of the Cabinet ministerially adopt the un official expressions alluded to, because, if they do, it were well to know it " before voting the Army mad Navy Estimates !" If this be intended as a joke, k I is certainly a bad one. Mr. Disitazu ought surely to recollect " that petulance is not sarcasm ;" and If, upon the other hand, it be really intended as an in dication of the logical consequences which Mr. Dis- RAELI desires to have drawn from a casual phrase, then ho has fallen into the worst, because the most unpatriotic of errors, that, namely, of trying to make serious mischief for the public out of a trifle which personal spite alone cannot afford to forget. If Mr. DISRAELI insists upon driving every man of sense or discretion into the invidious alternative of police like obsequiousness to foreign despotism, or the defence of casual words true in themselves, though ill-ad vised, because of ambiguous interpretation, ho will find to his cost, and that of his party, that the people of England would rather tolerate many rash expres sions from a Minister than one indicative of mean subserviency to the silly vanity or overbearing in fluence of s foreign power. SUSPECTED CHILD MURDER—Late on Saturday night the body of a remarkably fine newly-born male child was found on the ate, of the house of the Rev. Conrad Winiberly, 30, Mornington-crescent, Regent's-park. Intl station baying been given to the policeman on duty, the body was immediately conveyed to the St. Pancras work house, where Mr. Waldegrave the house surgeon, made • minute examination of the b ody, from which there is no doubt that the child was born alive. It wu enveloped in • piece of white calico much stained with blood, and over which wu closely fuldkil a piece of black glazed calico. 'The police have rectivcd instructions to make the most rigid search for the inhuman parent. In the meantime notice of the occurreno•Jus been fjrwarded to Mr. Wakley, aba coroner. TUE SITUATION OF CuLT.I.CTOR OF CUSTOMS AT SountAnrros is likely shortly to be vacant. Although Southampton is sot a tirstsclata p,.st the situation of col lector is every lucrative one, owicg to the profits arising from collecting the light dun of the port, such profits being attached to the dike. TIIE INSURRECTION AT MILAN. The Pads 3lovi?eur of Saturday announced:— " The government has received by telegraphic des patch news from Milan of the 10th. Order was en tirely re-established there." This brief announcement leaves us only the duty of gathering up the circumstances of the outbreak as they are to be found iu the Swiss and Italian journals. The Official Milan Gaulle of the 7th, after giving the proclamation of Count Strassoldo, relates the events of the Gth as follows: Public tranquillity was disturbed yester day. The subversive party, which cannot allow peaceful citizens to enjoy the innocent pleasures of the carnival, must needs sacrifice new victims to its revolutionary propensities. Yes terday, about six o'clock p.m., some officers and soldiers were attacked. The authori ties inimediately took the requisite measures; strong patrols scoured the town in every direction; some individuals armed with long stilettos were arrested ; they will be tried by martial law durin4 the state of eiege. At the usual time for frequent ing the theatres, tranquillity was sufficiently restored to allow of their bell g opened to the public. We have to deplore the death of several persons, both civil and military; others have been wounded. It has been attempted to seduce people of the lower classes by money and excitement of every kind, but the good aence of the population rejected these provocations, and not only did the people remain quiet, but they openly condemned this foolish attempt as an impious act of madness. The govern ment is strong, and will cause order and public security to be respected by all such vigorous mea sures as circumstances muy require. Public Iran , quillity has not been disturbed in the provinces." The above-mentioned proclamation is as follows : The deplorable disturbances of yesterday were caused by • party, which, unable to attain the end it aims at, has re course to the moat iniquitous means to disturb the quiet citizen in the enjoyment of his security and nu pastimes of the carnival, to injure the trader and the workman in their proli:s, and to excite mistrust in the minds of the public. As commandant of this city I am armed with sufflcieat power to paralyse the attempts of that party, and to protest the peaceful citisen in his amusements as well as in the ex ercise of his profesiiion ; therefore let not the inhabitants of Milan yie:d is fear, but let them confide in the vigilance and protection of the authorities. The Lieutenant-Marshal, Count STIABOLDO. The following telegraphic despatch received at Vienna from the Governor of Lombardy, dated Milan ith, is published in the Imperial Gazelle of the Bth : " Public order was disturbed yesterday afternoon. A band, armed with poignards, pistols, and other arms, having at 5 o'clock attacked the principal post, I was dispersed; during the night officers and soldiers were attacked. At 8 p.m. order was restored, and' has not siuce been disturbed. Twenty-eight indi viduals have been arrested with arms in their hands. I Everything indicates that this attempt at revolt has been fomented by the revolutionary party . in foreign countries, in order to frighten peaceable citizens, and, above all, to prevent their enjoying the pleasures of the carnival. Proceedings ha% o been commenced , against the guilty." The Austrian bulletins are silent with respect to the extent of the insurrection, and the number of the killed and wounded. The reports of the Italian and Swiss newspapers differ widely on this subject. The Zurich Gazette states that according to the report of the courier who had arrived at Lugano from Milan, 300 were killed. No such numbers, however, appear in other accounts. With respect to the manner of the attack, all the narratives agree pretty closely. According to the Bale Gazette, soldiers and officers were attacked in different parts of the city simulta , neoasly. Several of the latter were killed opposite the castle, as also in the Piazza Viacontina, near the café Reichmann, in the environs of the cathedral, in the Via dei Tre Re, at the café Gaocchi, and at the viceregal palace, where the soldiers upon guard were disarmed, while the officer in command wasstabbed. It appears that _measures of repression were rather tardily adopted. The citizens did not take part in the movement. Another letter in the same paper states that some Hungarian grenadiers fraternised with the insurgents, and gave them up their arms. In the military hospital at Milan there are 56 wounded, and in the civil haspital, 20. The Opinions of Turin, of the Bth. says:—" It ap ' pears, from our information, that some men of the people sallied forth simultaneously from the gates of Rome, Rosa, and Ticino, and attempted, about one o'clock, to surprise the military posts by con structing barricades with pieces of furulture sod church benches. A gang penetrated into the castle, and entering a hall where a few officers were as. sembled, wounded or (some say) killed two with stilettoes. They afterwards endeavoured to force an entrance into the inner court, where the artillery and ammunition were placed, but, overpowered by the troops, they were all arrested. No bo dy was think ing of an outbreak, for in the evening there was to be a splendid ball at the Duchess Visconti's, and another at the Club del Marino." `ln a letter dated Lugano, Feb. 7, and published in the Ticino Gazette, we read—" The victims in the affray at Milan are numerous. There are 56 wounded, in the Military Hospital, and 20 in the Civil Hospi tal. The populstion,tt is said,took no part in the mani festation. On the 7th, in the morning, all the shops were opened, but, it having been reported that a new outbreak would take place, they were again closed. In the meantime, the government disposes of so large a forme that no serious disorder is to be appre hended." A letter from Milan, in the Zurich Gasegge, states that the: movement was currently talked of on the sth, as being expected to break out on the fol lowing day. The other particulars coincide with those giren above; strong patrols soon restored order, the troops fired upon the rioters on several points, land more than one hundred persona have since been imprisoned. The poniards need by the insurgents are said to have been all of the same manu fac ture, and marked with a cross, The theatres were not closed in the evening, but very thinly attended, there not being above 140 spec tators in the theatre of La Scala, which is capable of holding 5,000. The Veglione, or masked ball, was attended by 15 persons, while 200 infantry soldiers were stationed in the vestibule. Another letter of the 7th, from Milan, says that at noon on that day several people were beginning to shut their shops, it being fe a red that the disturbances would recom mence. We read in the Parlament° : "Several persons were stabbed with poniards, bells were put in motion, and two or three barricades erected. The result of the affray was 10 killed and about 40 soldiers and civilians wounded. Many of the latter were taken prisoners. The prisoners all belong to the labouring clan." The Deesls states, on the faith of private letters, that M. Mazzini, who left England about a month since, was at Lugano, in the Swiss canton of Tessin, a few days before the outbreak at Milan. A telegraphic despatch, dated Vienna 11, an nounces that certain journals of Vienna, which have ' accused the French government of having fomented the outbreak at Milan, had been energetically con tradicted, and were about to have proceedings insti tuted against them. Another despatch states that the Press. is the jour nal particularly referred to. EDCCATION.—At the beginning of our last parlia mentary session there were certain reports in circulation as to an alleged intention on the part of government to inter fere with the national ',chew, of education now so benefici ally at work in Ireland. The government, though it satisfactorily disowned the idea thus ascribed to it—did not attempt to carry it into effect. What they would not do, however, when in power—the same party, it is now said by their own organs, are about to try in opposition. The Dublin Ezpreu announces to its readers, that early in the coming session Lord Ciancarty will move in the House of Lords, and Mr. G. A. Hamilton in the Commons, for •cont mittee of inquiry into the whole subject of education in Ireland. The form is specious —but the seal aim, it may be feared, is hostile. It looks like • renewal of the old battle between the secular and sectarian theories, in which the partisans of the latter wish to choose their own ground and impose their own conditions. To • freo and neutral inquiry into the system as it exists and operates we happen to know that those who ate charged with its administration would oppose no obstacles. In fact they court publicity. Strong in their facts, they have no fears for the result. But any sectarian attempt to temper with an institution of which the fruits are lie far good, and good only, should be strenuously resisted end rebuked by press and parliament. We deprecate the renewed agitation of a question which, when once carried, should have been set at rest in order to give it a fair chance of attaining that success of which its nature was capable.—Atheneurn. FRANCE. PARIS, SUNDAY Erainwo. -- ----- The Gazette de France has received a "first warn ing" from the Prefect of Police for having stated that ki..Rothechild bad received a domiciliary visit from the police—" no such visit," it adds, " haring taken place." - - Several witnesses in the case of the persons ar rested on the charges already mentioned were ex amined yesterday and the day before, and others are summoned for to-morrow. It does not appear that any charge of a grave kind will be proved against them, and it is probable that the number finally brought up for trial will be still further re duced. Some of them were enabled to see their families yesterday, and others, who had hitherto been kept more au secret, can now be visited by:their friends on obtaining the permission of the Prefect of Police or the Juge &Instruction. The Muniteur ➢ublishes an Imperial decree confer ring the decoration of the Legion of Honour on Madame Massin, alias Sister Jeanne Claire, Supe— rioress of the Sisters of Charity of the hotel-Lieu ' of Compeigne, who has been during 60 years mem ber, and, for the last 45 years, Superioreas of the Convent. Rear-Admiral Lugeol is named Major-General of Marino at Toulon, in place of Vice-Admiral Delas seux, admitted into the second section (reserve) of the calf. A number of legal appointments in the de mriments and promotions and nominations in the Legion of Honour are also garotted. The Provisional Chamber of the Court of Accounts, instituted bT de crees of the 15th January, 1815, is suppressed from tho Ist of March. A Cabinet Council, at which the Emperor presided, was held yesterday at the Tuileries. The Emir Abd-el-Kader arrived at Bream on the 17th ult., and was joined the following day by his family and those of his two former Kalifs. All ap peared enchanted with their new residence. The Governor of Brooms& rev is them with the greatest distinction. By his orders, one of the principal personages of the city, Si-Nfokhtar-Bey, met Abd el-Kader at Guemelek, the port of Bruussa, with his own horses, his finest saddle, and his carnage. An escort of cavalry also awaited him there, and the greatest number of the officers of the Yazd:it's house hold came out to compliment him, and joined his escort on the Guemelek road The Sultan assigned as a residence to the Emir one of the finest houses of Brous's, which was lined with carpets and divans at his own expense. The French government sup plied him with all the other articles of furniture he wanted, and Abd-cl-Kader and his family are now most comfortably installed. The families of the two Kalifs are lodged in adjoining houses. The Meniterr of this morning contains an official article on the recent publication entitled "Lettres Franques." The Monsieur states tkat if it were nut from a fear that the silence of government would re ceive a false interpretation, such a publication would not merit more notice from the government than from the public. But the Emperor, like France, ar dently desires peace, and would not permit, by taci turnity, a sort of approbation to be given to senti ments which would be for Europe a permanent cause of inquietude and defiance. The Bourse yesterday was firm, although business was limited. The Three per Cents. closed at Mt 15c.; and the Four-and-a-Half per Cents. at 103 f. 80c., for the account. PARIS, SATURDAY ETRNINO. It is officially announced that the Emperor will open the legislative session in person on Monday next, for which purpose the great bodies of the state have been summoned to the Tuileries. The members of the Senate, Corps Legislatif, and Coun cil of State will, on this occasion, be called upon in the Emperor's presence to take the oath prescribed by the new Imperial constitution. Although the expression "opening in person" is used by the Pays, it does not seem apposite to the occasion. The constitution requires the Emperor to eeni a message ones a . year to the Corps Legislatif, describing the political situation of the country and setting forth the general nature of the measures about to be submitted to their con sideration. This musage, I presume, will be read by M. Billanit in the Lower House, after the cere mony at the Tuileries is over. The Comtitutionnel has an article in reference to the message, written in the style of a government print, instructed to make known the contents of an official document by anticipation. It is, however, impossi ble that the message can he so meagre as the sketch in the Cbastilutionnel might lead one to suppose. The article makes no allusion whatever to legislative mea sures, and merely recounts at tedious length the events of the last year, upon which the message may be expected to dwell for the purpose of contrasting existing institutions with those in force prior to the coup Vial. It is pretty evident that no revelations have been made to the Constautionne/,:which I suspect assumes an official tone to give itself importance in the eyes of country readers. There are a Good many political „ accidents and offences" to notice to-day. I am informed that two guards of the Northern Railway were arrested yes terday, upon the charge of having clandestinely con veyed political correspondence into Belgium. They were pounced upon, a fow minutes before the Brus sels train started, in a café opposite the station,where it is alleged they were in the habit of receiving the parcels entrusted to their charge. The Ami de FOrdre of Amiens has been forced by the prefect to insert an account, occupying four co lumns, of the rejoicings at Amiens in honour of the Emperor's marriage. On Sunday last the Mayor of Metz issued an order that no pupils of the Lyceum there should be ad mitted into any café, restaurant, or house of refresh ment, even when accompanied by their relatives. This unprecedented order occasioned such dis turbances in the school that 105 pupils, belonging to the best families in the town, were sent to their homes. Whether the expulsion of these young men is definitive is not yet known. The school was in a state of great agitation during the early part of the week, and all the lectures were adjourned till Friday. A cafe at Crest (Drome) has just been closed, upon thund that •01110 of the anarchists re cently pardon ed , instead of blessing the Emperor for hbi c lemency, met there to renew their connexion with secret societies. Another cafe in the same town is threatened. The police of Toulon have made a seizure, in a tobacconist's shop, of 130 pipes orna mented with the head of Ledru Rollin. On the oth inst., some soldiers of the 46th Regiment, stationed at Masamet, near Toulouse, quarrelled and fought with some operatives in a public-house. One of the soldiers was so much hurt that he died in the hos pital next morning. An inquiry into the cause of the disturbance is going on. The Gazette de France has received a warning for falsely stating that a domiciliary visit had been made at M. Rothschild's. M. Calla, the ex-representative, has just been ex pelled from Belgium, in consequence of a pamphlet published by him hostile to the - French government. A letter from Brussels states that an action has been brought by M. de la Rochejaquelin against La Nation journal for a libel. The plaintiff demands 30,000 fr. damages and the insertion of the judgment in ten Paris, and three Brussels journals. Four more of the prisoners arrested on Sunday have been set at liberty, MM. Chatard, Chareau, Villemessant, and Pelloquet. The Freese says that out of forty persons arrested, only fourteen now remain in custody. Thus the importance of tha " plot " diminishes everyday. M. Charles Mouselet, who it appears was ono of the thirteen arrested at Montmartre has also been released, together with all his fellow-conspirators but one. That one, with whose name I am unacquainted, we must needs sup pose to be a very dangerous democrat. The Inde pendence Beige says :—" Steps have been taken without success in favour of several amongst them, and particularly of M. Tanski, in the first place by Count Walewski, his old and intimate friend, and afterwards by a celebrated banker to whom his posi tion secures great influence, not only in the financial but in the political world. The answer gives was that the affair was in the hands of justice, and that lit could alone decide on the fate of the prisoners." MM. Alphonse Karr, Edmund, and Jules do Con court, writers in the Paris, and M. Lo Barbier, the r:rant of the journal, appeared to-day at the bar of the Thbunal of Correctional l'olicc, to answer a charge of having published pasquivades offensive to decency and public morals. The court postponed its judgment till this day week. GERMANY. We have received the following . telegraphic des patch from Berlin, dated the 11th inst. :—" The se cond Chamber this day discussed the bill on the or ganisation of the first Chamber, and which had been adopted by that chamber. The article of the bill declaring that the Chambers shall be convoked only every second year was rejected by a majority of 52. The article declaring that the budget shall be voted for two years was also rejected. The Chamber adopted by a majority of 13 the article which fixes at six years the duration of each parliament." Thus again, the attempt to nullify the constitu tion by reducing the action of the Chambers has failed. That it will be revived in another form is scarcely to be doubted. But although these endea voursof the King to repeal vital provisions of the charter by octroye himself betray a longing for au thority without the semblance of control, it is only justice to his Majesty to remember that hitherto he has resorted to no means of changing the constitu tion not consistent with that charter itself. Our correspondent writes: BERLIN, Fr.. 8. It will be remembered that the cavalier party en deavoured to tack on to the government bill for the organisation of the First Chamber a clause to the effect that the 120 representatives of the aristocratic class shall in future sit in the Second Chamber. 'lb, government, indeed, contemplates, and is pre , paring such a memure; but it opposed the introduc tion of the clause, because it would lead to the rejec tion of the present bill by the Second Chamber. That is, however, the very reason why the cavalier party proposed the clause. They want to have elective peers ; while the government bill pro vides that all members of the future First Chamber shall be nominated by the Crown, either with the right of inheritance or for life. The obnoxious clause was rejected by a majority of G 6 to 48, and the government bill then adopted by 70 to 42. This is, nevertheless, a victory of the aristocratic over the bureaucratic party ; for M. von Mauteuffel has been obliged to drop, in the present bill, the very provision on which the scheme of bureaucratic re action was to turn,--namely, the right of conferring seats in the Fret Chamber for the term of office, whereby the assembly might be transformed into a state council of the chief administrative officials. Nevertheless, what cannot be done in a direct way will probably, as is usual in Prussia, be effected in an indirect manner. M. von Manteuffel will take care that the future First Chamber shall be comp sed chiefly of high officers of state nominated merely for life; and the same policy, which rendered the King averse to offending the aristocrats, by giving to the bureau crats a formal ascendancy, will lead him to avoid the conferring of hereditary . peerages, whereby the aristocracy might acquire virtual power. Tho rawa will pursue the see-saw system with a mixed minis try, and endeavour to prevent, as long u it can, the carrying out of any decided . princrple whatever; because a decided principle came, the government, even against its will, ,forward to some goal; and the Crown, not knowing what this nifty bc,:would rather stay where it is. But as principles wil l' work their way in time, and no monarch can stop the movement of the whole world, it is evident that to remain stationary, while all around moves, is not the way to I preserve one's relative position ; yet such is the pal pable error of so-called conservatism. At Frankfort-on-the-Maine, on Sunday last, a banker's office in one of the most frequented streets was broken open and robbed during church time. One of the partners, who probably interrupted the thieves, was found murdered, his throat being cut, and his hands very much wounded. The perpe trators had not yet been discovered. Berlin manufactures very beautiful furniture of basket work. The French ambassador here has pur chased a set of such furniture for some chambers in the Tuileries. The following is the answer put in by Gervinus at the Heidelberg court, on the 28th ult., in answer to the indictment charging him with inciting to high treason and endangering the public peace : " I find upon close examination of your indict ment against my brochure, called ' Introduction to the History of the Nineteenth Century,' that it is based upon a total misunderstanding of the charac ter of the ,work. You exhibit my composition as a political pamphlet, written with a personal political tendency, while its strictly scientific character is most clear. Nowhere, in speaking of the ten dencies of tho times, have I stated that my in clinations coincided with them, much less have I sought in it to effect the same tendency in others. The indictment alleges that I have accumulated all praise upon democracy, and all blame upon monarchy : but, in truth, nowhere in this book is aught so bad maid of monarchy, or even of absolutism, as is said, ez gr., at page 7, of the " French Democracy ;" and, again, nowhere is so much good predicated of any state system as of the constitutional monarchy of England, upon which (vide pp. 84-88) all conceivable praise is accumulated. The statement that I represent the abolition of monarchy as a just and necessary act on the part of the people is so far from the truth, that even all the incrimated passages, separated as they are from their contexts, contain its refutation. The indictment makes me affirm of democratic forms of government where I hare only referred to demo cratic institutions,' such as the constitutions of Eng land, Belgium, Norway, and other countries, show to be perfectly compatible with monarchy. From these and similar misapprehensions the con clusion is drawn that I signalise the sub stitution of the republican for the monarchi• cal form of government as the crowning success of the tendency of the present age. But this induction of yours drawn from isolated passages, only incidentally referring to the subject, must to the ground, if any one passage is found in my book directly opposed to it. Such a passage is found not only in the work, but in most conspi cuous place,—namely, in the recapitulation of the chief inference drawn in the course of the co re = lion, where it is said that it is not to be p with certainty whether the tendency of the age (which surely the author was not called on to abuse) was leading to the supremacy of republicanism or monarchy, that is to say, constitutional or democratic monarchy. Since this conclusion is, in fact, the pith of the whole charge, it appears to me that your in dictment falls to nothing, as a thing constructed upon an unreal foundation. I reserve the right of further defence before the proper tribunal. I also declare that I am the author of the work, and that I com mitted it to the bookseller for distribution to the public. " G. Gramme A correspondent writes from Carlarnhe on the Bth : —"Except in the revolutionary period people in Baden have been so little accustomed to political prosecu tions that the seizure of Gervinus's ' Introduction ' and the subsequent indictment of the author have oc casioned a real sensction. The conviction is universal here that the Professor will be acquitted, since the charge of inciting to high treason is quite untenable on the basis of the legislation of Baden, and the alleged tendency of the inculpated book to endanger the public peace cannot in anywise be shown. The District Court at Munich has rejected the appeal preferred by the booksellers against the seizure of the 'lntroduction,'—the latter is therefore contraband in Bavaria." THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 14, 1853. SWITZERLAND. The events which have just taken place in Lom bardy have necessarily made the situation of the Swiss government one of considemblo difficulty. Our accounts show that the cantonal regencies u well as the federal executive have bestirred themselves to remove any just cause of complaint from their irrit able Austrian neighbours. The Parlamenti, of Turin quotes the following, dated Bellinzonn, Silt : Rumours were circulated with regard to an insurrection ary movement contemplated by certain foreigners. The government accordingly resolved to expel from the canton all the political refugees not provided with regular per mission to reside in it. Special decrees of banishment have been inned against Megan. Safi and Pistrneci. To day the, government redoubled its precaution, and required the as sistance of the troops of the federal canton•. which was immediately granted by the Berne authorities. Patrols are continually moving along the frontier of Lombardy. We have been assured that the Austrians would invade Ti ono if England and France had not opposed that project. We read in the Ticino Cia:cttc, under the head Lugano, 7th inst.: lila extraordinary activity observed during the last ten days of January in the police offices, considerably aug mented last week, and still continues. We an inclined to believe that the goverment had been apprised by the au thoritin of Lombardy of the existence of a conspiracy, with ramifications in Ticino and Piedmont. The Council of State had accordingly adopted measures to prevent the violation of the Austrian territory by the inhabitants of the canton. By its orders an inquiry was instituted and patrols were organised. Nevertheless, no armaments or associations have been dis covered. The is anmissioners of Hendren° and Lugano called out the militia of the frontier districts to guarantee the inviolabity of the Swiu and Austrian territories. The police have eft cted a great number of arrests. A military couapiracy is talked of, at the head of which are Hungarian soldiers in the Austrian ranks. Its ramifications are said to extend through the Lombardo-Venetian kiaglom to Vienna and Fiume. SPAIN. A Madrid letter in the Presse of Paris states that in the Spanish provinces the elections have turned out much more unfavourable to the government than those of Madrid. The opposition have succeeded in most of tho largo towns. At Barcelona and Va lencia the government could not get one of its can didates returned. The candidates returned for Bar celona are General Prim, Don Juan Vilaregat, Don Ramon Marti de Eizala, and lion Juan Agell ; and at Valencia Don Fermin Gonzalo Maron, 1)on Rafael ltlonarcs, and Don Joaquin Borros. In the whole of Catalonia only three ministerial candidates have been elected. In opposition to these representations, the Madrid Gazette of the ith, states that the returns of the elections in the provinces cantinue to be fa vourable to the ministry. A royal decree of her Majesty orders that the Greek vessels shall enjoy all the privileges of Spanish ships as regards port and navigation dues. A Madrid letter of the 6th states that the leaders of the Progresista party complain as loudly as they dare of the collusions which have been notoriously practised in the elections for that capital. In 1840 the Progresistas, opposed to two rival parties, were able to return half the members elected for Madrid. Now they are in union with the Moderados, and yet the government seats all its candidates, and by large majorities. The explanation of this anomaly is found in the practical control which the government, un embarrassed by a free press, is able to exercise on the preparation of the electoral lists, by means of which they have, in the present instance, thoroughly transmuted the constituency. ITALY. With regard to the affair of Rimini, the Parla mento of Turin of the 9th states that the municipality of that town, seeing that they were punished en mane for the act of a few persons who had thrown mud at the escutcheon of the Austrian Consul, im mediately sent a deputation to General Nobili at Bo logna, the commander in chief of the Austrian troops of Romagna, to complain to him of the exorbitant contribution of 30,000 piastres laid upon the ton n by the Austrian colonel in the command of the troops that bad come from Forli. The result of this i step was that General Nobili reduced the contribu tion to 2,000 piastres only, to be paid by the town to the above-mentioned troops. NAPLES, Fan. 4. During the last few days the body of Maria Christina, the first wife of his present Sicilian Ma jesty, has been disinterred after 14 years quiet repose in the church of Santa Chiara, and disinterred for the purpose of verification, with a view to beatifica tion. The remains of the late Queen are believed to have performed some miracle which the church has not thought fit, as yet, to publish to the world. It must, however, be confessed that the church has shown unusual discrimination in its choice of a subject, for a most excellent woman was Maria Christina, and a most pure life she led, and so universal was the affection felt for her, that even in the present day there is not a cottage in the kingdom where her virtues arc not remembered and her loss regretted. The Vatican has, therefore, been induced to institute the preliminary investi gations to ascertain what claims her Majestyj has to be numbered with the saints. The body having been exposed, the nuncio and city authorities were invited to visit and identify it, and this having been done, a committee of' ecclesiastics, consisting of the divines of the royal household, are now employed in tracing the miracles supposed to have been performed both before and after death—a very long process, if carried out according to the rules of the Roman church. Such an event is not without its political meaning, of course. The ignorant are thus taught to clothe royalty with Divine attributes—to ascribe the blessings and the gifts of God to their earthly rulers, until human or Divine Majesty become almost interchangeable phrases, and royalty a sacred thing. As to the church, it has everything to gain by such exhibitions. Who but they can solve this difficulty? and who but they are the exponents of the Divine mind? Prom!, procul este prodni. To the church therefore it gives new life and interest to perpetuate the idea that (by its will and decision) Divine inter position is accorded to the faithful. Queen Christina's life will, however, bear investigation, and the devil's advocate will soon be floored. She was a sincere, good woman, who, had she lived, would have been a blessing to the country, disposing the royal will to justice and charity. The Giornale ielle Due Sicilie for 31st January gives a report from a most zealous friend of the pro gress made by catholicism in England during 1830- 51. The number of churches erected he gives at 22. One of these, however, is in Ceylon, and another in Guernsey ; monastic establishments, 9 ; clergymen of the church of England converted, 41, two of whom are at New York_ laity, 116. A catalogue, though professing to be English, which is swelled by contri butions from France and every part of Germany. Even a certain prince, Fenall Mahuret di Tunis', and the Indian chief Patruska, are pressed into its service. Death has just removed another instrument of political persecution. Morelli, the President of the Criminal Court, who tried the accused of May 15th, 1848, died a few days since perfectly mad. Thus the principal agents of Neapolitan injustice, Peecheneida, Navarra, and Morelli, have been called from the scene of their iniquities, and, singular enough, have each died preternatural deaths. The government paid spies who figured in the political trials have lost their stipends, and received small government appointments instead. Much alarm is felt at the present moment about the Muratists in Sicily, and, in consequence, several arrests have taken place there recently. Since I last wrote, an incident has occurred which created a good deal of talk amongst foreigners here. An Englishman, walking through the Villa a few days since, took up a wounded gull which a soldier of the guards offered to sell him. This was, however, declined, and the gull pat down again. The Eng lishman then continued his walk, but on his return was assaulted by the soldier, bound, and led away to the guard-house. His friend, not know ing what to do, was recommended to speak to Prince Ischitcllar, the Minister of War, who was then coming up the Villa. Tho Prince immedi-1 ately went to the rescue, unbound and brushed the' prisoner hinflelf, and ordered the guard to be changed immediately. A formal complaint having been made by Sir W. Temple, it was notified to his excellency that the officer had been put under arrest for two months, the sergeant degraded, and the soldier punished with 200 lashes, whilst an apology was offered to the complainant. The promptitude with which reparation was demanded and offered reflects the highest credit upon all the authorities concerned ; but it occurs to us to ask why is not the same vigour manifested in such cases in Florence and Vienna as is manifested in Naples? Powerful steamers are expected shortly from Scot land to undertake a new line between Naples and the ports in the Adriatic, a great boon to the commerce of this country. Exchange on London, 563; Five per Cents., 1061. EGYPT. The Comtitutionnel states that the Pacha of Egypt has given orders fur levelling the Isthmus of Suez. " DOING WELL AT TIIE DIGGINg."—At the weekly meeting of the Marylebono Board of Guardians on Friday, Mr. Messer read a letter from Catherine Enright, one of twenty five workhouse girls sent to Australia in ISIO by the parish, which, sin r praising their happy change, and thanking the guardians for it, thus concluded :—" I need only add, that all the girls who came out with the are mar ried (a laugh), and most of them got children (continued laughter). I hare got a little boy (increased laughter). We are all doing well." INDIA. THE OVERLAND MAIL. ANNEXATION OF PEGU. We have received by express from Marseilles our despatches from India in anticipation of the overland mail, which left Bombay on the 13th, Madras on the 10th, and Calcutta on the sth ult. This mail, owing to a change in the postal ar rangements, was despatched at an interval of only ten days after the date of the previouq one. The formal annexation of Pegu is announced in the following proclamation Notification Fort William. Foreign Department, Dec. 30, Tho most noble the Governor-General in council is pleased to direct that the following proclamation, whereby the province of Pegu has her n declared to be a oorion of the British territories in the East, shall be puhlishtd for general information. His lordship in council directs that in honour of this event, a royal salute shall be tired at every principal pre sidency of India. By order of the most noble the Governor-General of India in Council, C. ALLEN, Officiating Secretary to the Government of India. Proclamation. The Court of Ava having refused to make amends for the injuries and insults which British suhjects had suffered at the hands of its servants, the Governor General of India in Council resolved to exact reparation by force of arms. The forts and cities upmi the coast were forthwith at tacked and captured; the Burman forces hove been die persed wherever they have been met ; and the province of l'egu is now in the occupation of British troops. The just and moderate demands of the government of India have been rejected by the King ; the ample opportn nity.that has been afforded biro fur repairing the injury that was done has been disregarded ; and the timely submission, which alone could have been effectual to prevent the dis memberment of his kingdom, is still withheld. Wherefore, in compensation for the rut, and for better security in the future, the Governor-General in Council has resolved, and hereby proclaims, that the province of Pews is now, and shall be henceforth, a portion of the Bridah territories is the East. Such Burman troops as may still remain within the pro vince, shall be driven out. Civil gov , rninent shall itlllllt. diately be established, and officers shall be appointed to ad minister the affairs of the several district.. The Governor-General in Council hereby calls on the in habitants of Pegu to submit themselves to the authority, and to confide securely in the protection cf the Brifish no vernment, whose power they have seen to be ureaisUule, and whose rule is marked by justice and beneficence. ' The Governor-General in Council, having exacfcd the reparation he deems sufficient, desires no further conquest in Burmah, and is wilting to consent that busti . ities should cease. _ _ But if the King of Ave shall fail to renew his fornyr relations of friendship with the British Government, and if he shall recklessly seek to dispute its . quiet posfession of the province it has now declared to b 3 its own, the Gover nor-General in Council will again put forth the power he holds, and will visit with lull retributiva aggr,miuns which, if they be persisted in, must of nece. , ity lead to the total subversion of the Burnish State, and to the ruin and cede of the King and his race. B 7 order of the most noble the Governer-Geccral in ludia in Council. C. Alums, Officiating Secretary to the Govkriaucht of India. Dec. 20, 18.52. _ The Bo inky Times thus summarises tl:c events of the ten days: "The annexation of Nu has been proclaimed in form, but this we stated in our last as so certain, that it affords a confirmation merely of a fact in reference to which no doubt was entertained. The proclamation itself, which will be found elsewhere, is curt, clear, and judicious; it abstains from all details, and concludes with an intimation that if the King of Ava shall fail to renew his former relatio of friendship with the British government, and if he shall recklessly seek to dispute its quiet possession of the province it has now declared to be its own, the Governor-General in Council will again put forth the power he holds, and will visit with full retribution, aggressions which, if they be persisted iu, must of necessity lead to the total sub version of the Burmah state, and to the ruin and exile of the King and his race. No one can sup pose that the King of Burmah will renew friendly relations with the British government •or cease to molest us in the occupation of a province, seised in compensation for the infliction of injuries which he pronounces imaginary. According to the Bur mese version of matters, the British government has nothing to complain of, and has been the aggressor all through—we are entitled according to them to no apology, and to no indemnification, and they are, they maintain, warranted in endeavouring to recover the territory we have taken, and avenge the wrongs we have inflicted on them. Should these apprehensions be realised, the Burmese war has only been suspended, it is not closed ; it must be resumed immediately in an altered character, and peace will only be re-established by an advance on Ava. This was perfectly foreseen as an inevitable necessity by every one in India from the outset; it was a neces sity forced upon us, like the annexation of the Pun jaub, by the enemy themselves; and the half-mea sures to which the Governor-General has been con demned, by the interference of the authorities at home, in conjunction with the incompetence of Gen. Godwin, have deferred to 1833 that which might have been accomplished with ease in 1852, and transformed a six months campaign —short, sweep ing and effective—into a three years' weak, inglo rious, unsatisfactory, and through the climate it may be, deadly war. Perhaps. however, it is all for the best—it seems almost providential that during the last year of the Charter Act we should have commanders-in-chief—we except always Lord Frede rick Fitzclarence--nnusually imbecile and aged; and who, not content, like their predecessors, with spend ing the great bulk of their time away from the pro per sphere of their duties at the extreme limit of our dominions, have gone in one ease beyond them, as if to show the unspeakable absurdity of allowing 20,0001. • a-year for the performance of councillor duties which can by no possibility be accomplished, and 18,0001. a-year more for military service of such very indifferent quality that it is dear at any price. Sir William Gomm is said to have had his pay cut by the Auditor-General during his resi dence in a foreign state, and Sir Richard Arm strong was too weak to inspect the Madras troops on embarkation for Burmah. One of the most discreet, determined, sound-headed governors-general who over presided over the destinies of the East, finds himself thwarted and stultified in his mea sures, and a second war entailed upon us where our quarrel might have been settled at once, by 'a set of clever clerks' in Cannon-row and Leadenhall street, by whom, according to Lord Ellenborough, the affairs of India are, as under existing ar rangements they necessarily must be, administered. These things, occurring at the present juncture, ought to be a warning to the people at home as to the insanity of the maintenance for 20 years to come of an antiquated, worn-out, and inefficient mechanism utterly unsuited for the work desired to be performed by it. Better men here, or wiser counsels elsewhere, would, just now, have been ill-timed, and nothing can serve us so well as exhibitions such as those just referred to. If, in the face of this, the British legis lature will go ou in the evil courses threatened to be pursued by them the guilt be on them and on their children. The disturbances in Candeish have hap pily come to an end, and that without effusion of blood. The rumours spread regarding them at first appeared to have been enormous exaggerations—the alarm at the time prevailing most . superfluous. The measures adopted by government at last seemed to have been firm, temperate, and judicious, and have proved perfectly successful. On the 20th of November the 6th Bombay Native Infantry, with their families and attendants, about 1,300 persons in all, were despatched to Kurrachec, a port 300 miles to windward of Bombay, in 23 open native boats, mostly ill found iu rigging, none of those on board of them having ever made the voyage before, or being competent to use a chart or sextant or any other appliance more complex than a compass. One half of them reached their destination in 17 days, others having been 27 days at sea, made land half as far to the south as they ought to have done to north ward of Bombay, all suffering from great privations and escaping by a miracle destruction front a storm which about this time.occurred in these seas. The commanding-officer, in consideration of the nature of the winds at this season, took 21 days' pro visions on board, the ordinary supply being 12, and but for this the men might, most probably, have perished of want. Both steam and first-class sailing vessels, were at command in abundance, and, had the risk and loss of pay been taken into account, would have conveyed them for less than the sum actually charged for them under the sys tem of false economy by which human lives are perilled for the sake of a pretended saving, which