The Express. — London, England, 1852-01-29 00:00:00

Vie erpretni. • West, Mlles .I"7N Marmar," • Mims eleadrd's timodise." la pablashad may Twig aadl SW. la 111 . 0 hr pot. What animate laileaded Is" Zapies," Union Ideates may, NAM be at *a Mee. 10. IleaderlwalvellOy Too 'Nadal' as day a aislalailda. IIIOY WATKK AT LONDON BRIDGE Tun DAlP—Swaksi. 4.71 a. 7l► Ifs. I.4oWWW—Marmag. ...„ ...A4auses. f 4. Is. LONDON, THURSDAY, JANUARY 29. Ws have given our frank opinion of the manure confiscating the property of the Delmore family. harsh, precipitate, and unjust in itself. it was even sore alarming by the spirit of vindictiveress and the defiance of decorum which it evinced in the French government. But, adhering to all this, we must say that the confiscation of the ORLEANS property is a touch leas heinous crime than the confiscation of the constitutional liberties of a whole nation. Yet there are Frenchmen of eminence and good sense, and pretenders to consistency, who accepted with content and hailed with satisection LOUIS NA POLEON'S ,r , bit of the 2nd of December, nay, who made neither protest nor objection to the aseump lion of a dictatorship, announced in the decrees which followed it, and yet who, after having swal lowed all this, cannot endure the severity of confis cating the property of the exiled princes. However we may agree with there persons in con demning the confiscation, we must confess to have very little rtspect for either their principle* or their common sense. The men who are ready to how down before absolute power, and applaud in setting it up. must be mere children to complain or protest against what is but the natural consequence of abso lute power. To act a prince above all law and then expect him to observe the law, to endow him with unlimited authority and suppose that he will not use it, to encircle the brows of a TiREIIIVII with an im perial crown and then affect disappointment at not finding him • Taiiiste, evinces con duct and calculation more worthy of children than of men. Yet such has been the conduct not meetly tat M. tie -Movie and M. FOUL% but of M. Dims. Count NIONTALEMBERY, and Count FLA HAVIr. To disinherit France of its liberties, cancel its constitution, quash the press, gag private society, and compel the people by bayonets and jugglery to give a muck vote for the dictatorship of an indi vidual. all this was nothing. But to seize the appanage of ORLEANS was sacrilege. It Resew), too, that those who, as ministers, would not sign, or as functionaries could not sanction, the decree of confiscation, can still make up their minds to sit in Lout:. NAPOLEON's senate. DUPES and Fore!) are there, we see, and the PRE.SIDENT can grant them the same salaries. The Constantionnel, indeed, compliments that discreet and useful class of ministers w ho have but to retire from office in order to allow any bold or obnoxious measure to be signed and passed, and who readily resume office the day after, as if they were thus utterly freed from complaints, and not precluded, by having joined the Biestesere spoliation, from be coming ministers of the despoiled princes on the day of their restoration. Such a taint on the government by the journal of Louts NAPOLEON must prove highly tattering to Senator FOULD and Senator DVPIN. It is a lame list, this same Senate of princely selection. Except Daoexs 1)x LIIUYS, it does not contain a statesman. It does not comprise a man capable of making a speech save Deets. But he to be sure counts for two, as he can check on both sides. There arc the old BONAPARTE names, the wearers of which could scarcely refuse to form part of the Im perial Senate. Although they bring no strength to it, there is a sprinkling of legitimists, generals, and admirals in abundance. But as pretending to repre sent the birth, wealth, eminence, or intellect of France, Louis NAPOLEON'S Senate is a mockery, a mere string of courtiers. The Council of State is poorer in its composition than even the Senate. Feathers and stars may sup ply the place of brains in the one. But the Coun cil of State is the working department of the govern ment. And in it there is in truth not one name in which the country could put trust. FERDINAND BARROT, however, is on the list. So are JenVIER and MICHEL CUF.VALIER, each and all with their I,OOW. a year. At such a price Loris Nseoteos ought to have made up a much better C.numil of State, instead of paying, as ho does, dearly for nul lities and cyphers. A measure of the government, certainly of no less import than the organisation of such of the higher class as adhere to it, as a Senate and a Council of State, is the order of the police minister, forbidding co-operative associations. Whatever opinion may be theoretically held on the subject of artisans working together, and doing without a middle man or an em ployer, there can be no doubt of the legal and social right of every working man to do this, if he can find capital. And, in fact, by the very act of coopera tion the artisan becomes a capitalist. For what is capital but accumulated provision and material ? But, independent of the right of workmen to form co-operative societies, there is the fact of their having accomplished them not only with success as industrial speculations, but also with advantage to the public tranquillity, for the united tradostolk in Paris and the great cities have notoriously kept aloof Irons political movements, and even remained silent on the great questions of the day. But the arbitrary police of the new regime will not allow operatives to work to gether no more than gentlemen and ladies to talk together, unless it be praise of Louis Nseoteos. The co-operative societies are ordered to be broken up, and each artisan is bidden to go find and work for a master. This is the government that was to do so much for the working classes,--that was to give them what the constitutional monarchy and the republic both tailed in giving. This was the dictator that was to eat down the tall poppies, but to add verdure to each humble blade of grass. But it is now difilcult toss y what class of society is most ground, most aggrieved moat harassed, by this übiquitous, jealous, and nervous tyranny, that trembles at every breath, and strikes at every shadow • that issues a decree against NI evening party of l adies for talking, which for bids men of letters to write, and which moves heaven sad earth to prevent a score of tailors from cutting and stitching in community unless under the eye of a muter. There are some twelve or some twenty accredited stockbrokers in Paris. None others can buy or selL These places are purchased, and a man embarks his fortune in them. It was signified to them gen tlemen that they must not dare to sell stock under certain prices. For if they did, they would have the next day a score added to their number, thus destroying their position, tartans, and prospects. Of course the French funds of hate have gone up, and could not go down. It is the suss with everything. In every department of goverment, of industry, and of society, is seen the bold unscrupulous hand of ir responsible power, persecuting, menacing, concealing, robbing. making slaves and puppets of high and low, and literally trying to what point of degradation the French people may be compressed, and how far their patience may bear the most criminal and fatuous tyranny. WIIERY is a French army of fifty thousand men to land ? " A Soldier " in our coluums yesterday. At a distance of twenty.two miles from Calais there is a small ■pot on our shore, which is generally known by the name of Dover. In former days, when our ancestors were men of mettle, and when Kings of England invaded France sea royal pastime, Dover was considered a port of great importance. i There was a very ge wral feeling that if it was so easy toga from Dover to Calais it might be just as easy to go from Calais to 1)over; and conseiuently, Dover was defended by a royal fortress, and formed one of the Cinque Ports. Again, during the preparations made at Boulogne in P 404, splendid works were made on the Cliffs of Dover, which command the town, and a military road was constructed there. But of late year+, our government, with its usual discrimination, thought it necessary to cconomive,—not by reducing official salaries and by displacing unnecessary place men, but by letting our forts he turned into griming grounds, and our batteries become useless from want of due cure. And now let us see what Dover iv sup posed to be. and what Dover actually is. Ordnance maps and plans tell us that as you enter the harbour, a fort, known by the name of Archcliff, commands the entrance; that the castle is strongly fortified, and Iligh lb outworks. be armed with some handrail gum; wild the citadel heights hare fifty guns i thsl Idielle smarted bye largo redoubt. nag are very formidable obstacles, but drws this mimes statement show the real state of the twee P. Dever is • seaport, situated between two high cli* the valley between which leads to London. For mer! the entrance of the harbour was protected by two known as the Amherst and Towns• bend, both on the water level,—and by Arch /Mr sslissbe, which,--situatcd to the side towards INlsktsPstib Cliff,--raked the entrance, and Mao commanded the sea weetwards. But the barb= requiring attain impseismsets, the Amherst and lbermbeed batteries ware palled down, sad • cer- Mils mese was isft newer the town, where a battery was to be ibeseed. Now • shore battery is not an expensive thing; it is not supposed to withstand an actual attack, but merely to do u much damage as possible, whilst shipping is still at a certain distance, or whilst boats are being tilled with men for disembarkation. A simple earthen battery woad, then/ore, answer every purpose, bit from neglect, or —as the Ordnance would espbdn it—through want of funds, the space in tended to have been occupied by a battery is still vacant and desolate, neither useful nor ornamental. Lately, also, a railway terminus has been erected at Dover, and iu the full belief that for the future no thing was to appear near our shores more alarming than pleasure excursionists from Paris, the terminus was allowed to be erected so as to cut off all the flanking fire from Archeliff Fort towards Dover, and, instead of its projecting well out, as it used to do, and raking the sands, it is now thrown back and comparatively useless—the few guns which it pos sesses looking westwards out to sea, in the direction of Shakespere's Cliff. As if that memorable block of chalk wanted protection against attack, rising, though it , some hundreds of feet perpendicularly from e sca. does The defences of Dover. therefore, are confined to the citadel heights and the castle. The latter dating from the days of Jtatus C.v-ssit, situated on the cliff to the right of the entrance, consists of a keep and • series of batteries, extending down to the seaside. With the exception of a salute fired from the keep on the arrival of the Ques:s from Ostend, and the late experiments with the magnetic wires from Calais, we doubt very much whether these guns have ever been used. Instead of a hundred, there are certainly not fifty, many of which are carronades. But this is not alt. Instead of the place being gar risoned by artillery, it is occupied by a line regiment, the guns are left in the care of the winds of heaven, and there is sot a single gunner on the premises. To the left of Dover is the citadel. This consists of splendid field works covering the whole cliff, com manding the town, harbour, the military road which leads up the valley, and is protected towards the castle by a strong redoubt. But earthen parapets without guns are rather harmless, and though they may servo as boundaries to adventurous cattle, or as pleasant rambling grounds for boys on a Sunday afternoon, they certainly will not much doter sangui nary marauders should such desire to venture near us. But where are these guns? In Woolwich Warren surely. Now, when the whole country is occupied with the grave question of our national defences,—when the government very well know that day by day the public arc clamorous for some pre cautions to be taken,—we have the key of Eng land, as it were, totally undefended. Guns are not moved and mounted in • day or in a week. To put that citadel in a state of defence would take the small force of artillery which is in tho redoubt a whole month, working day and night. As this citadel commands the castle, the latter is useless were the former taken ; and by landing towards Folkestone, the latter might be captured without a single shot from the castle being able to prevent it! Is not this a pretty state of things? and we may well ask " A Soldier why cannot the landing be made at Dover, and an intienchnient be completed on Dover heights? for an enemy would find things ready made, and have nothing to do but to mount his guns and man them. And are not the French fully aware of this matter ? Is there a spot along our coast which has not been visited by military tourists, and is there a stone on Dover heights which they are not acquainted with ? Portsmouth and Ply mouth have a formidable defence in their men of war, but large vessels cannot lay off Dover, for it is a dangerous place, and merchantmen do not much like the straits of a windy night. Yet we think there would be no great difficulty in mooring a floating battery. When danger is said to be staring us in the face, it is not a time for dull and slow con sideration, but for action. The Ordnance may wish to put Dover in a state of defence, but what arc they waiting for ? Where are the Ordnance store boats, which arc kept and paid for the purpose of conveying guns? and what is the use of keeping hundreds of these guns stored at Woolwich, for the amusement of royal and noble visitors from London, when we aro told to expect a very different style of visitor from abroad? Indeed, the guns in Dover Castle are but small ones, and very different things from French siege guns, which—known in England by the name of Musies and DuNtimis--appear too valuable to be exposed to the seabreeze. We pay dearly enough for our inefficient ordnance, and as we pay so much for it those in whose charge it is seem to think it too precious to be made useful. Surely these are times for asking why so few artillerymen are stationed at • place like Dover. At present there are not enough to man the guns actually mounted, and the whole force is very insuf ficient to keep in order the guns which are supposed by the public to be mounted. But whose fault is it? Nobody s, of course. Nobody is responsible, and so the work goes undone. The Premier will refer any questioning Member of Parliament to his honour able friend the Secretary-at-War; the latter, declining the responsibility, will throw it on the Clerk of the Ordnance, who will reply that he merely regulates the estimates and that such informa tion must be obtained from the Master-General. That gallant officer has his hands tied by the Board of Ordnance,--one of whom has to supply the guns, whilst another gives him the order for that pur -1 use. As to the men, as long as the guns are kept in de po t at Woolwich, the artillerymen are kept there to look after the guns—a duty which could be as well and more profitably performed by the police. If we mistake not, these idle weapons are at present watched by both forces, so that the police may throw any blame on the soldiers, and the latter return it on the police—a little reciprocal arrange ment which is too advantageous to be lost sight of. This is merely another of the series of ill-manage ments consequent oa the division of authority and responsibility. No man would subject himself to the imputation that through his neglect such a port as Dover was left entirely unguarded; but when it is nobody's fault, neglect becomes an easy matter. There is no reason for surrounding ourselves with a Chinese wall, but really we do not see why our very doors should be left open to admit any housebreaker that pleases to walk in. As the Ordnance is a body that does not trouble itself about this matter— perhaps the public voice will find somebody that will. Let us insist that proper use be made of the forces we pay for. CLAIM' OF ST. PANCRAS P.XIIISR TO PARLIA- REYRR , ENTATION.—Yestertiay, at the meeting nt St. P Vestry, held in the Vestry-hall, adjoLing the workhouse. T. Eld Baker, Esq., senior churchwarden, in the I chair; Dr. Gregory brought forward the following ressilu- That it is expedient that this vestry do petition both branches of the legislature, praying that in any bill which may he brought In for a reform in the Commons House of Parliament provision may be made that the parish of St. Pantries be constituted a separate borough, with the privilege of returning two members." Several gentlemen spoke in suppor. of the resolution, which was carried, with only two dissentients out of a large vestry. TIIE CULTIVATIoN Or 11.r.mp, an a somewhat ex tessive scale, is to be attempted, during the approaching I season, by some enterprising and public spirited persons of Plymouth, in that neighbourhood and Dartmoor. EMIGRATION.—Yesterday a return to parliament wgp printed, showing that the total number of persons who emigrated from the United Kingdom during the live years I tram IRIS to IMO inclusive was 1:2111,447. '1 ne numb e r ; despatched by the Colonial Land and Emigratig i n C•immis gime rs in the period no. 53,131, and the estimated number who emigrated at their own rest in the mime time Sal 1,163,1 a. COLONIAL EXPENDITURE.— Yesterday a parlia i mentary paper was printed, from which it appearsthat the ; colonial expenditure by fire it Britain , in the year Pll7-18, was 3,1101,13A1. I Is. iti.; and in 1141'4-19 it amounted to 3,180,3131 Bs. Pd. ADULTV.RATED PF.FFER.—Yesterday, at a session of the Court of Inland Revenue, S onuel Lind.. y, grocer, of the lower Marsh. Larrilieth, was litp•l (on rem • let i.,n) for hiving sold adulterwed peppi r ; and Kir nett II irnett, of Aliolillmieivstreet, Whitechapel, was tired 2.'i fur a similar offence. THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, JANUARY 29, 1852. Lobet Oarcerne, who are to be transported to Cayenne. An erratum in the Munitemr states that in the list of senators, instead of " the Marquis de Pontis"must be read "the Marquis do Porto, former er of France; and instead of the " Marquis de Croi " must be read " the Marquis de Croix." M. Auguste Chevalier, secretary of the President, is appointed secretary-general of the Consul d'Etat, with a salary of _ls,ooofr. M. Baroche, vice-president of the Council of State, has appointed his son Ernest, who is clerk in tho Foreign-office, his chcf cabinet. A credit of 20,000 fr. is opened to the Minister of Financo to defray the expenses of the Court of Accounts. The Monileur contains a decree authorising the anonymous societ♦ formed at Paris under the deno mination of the company of the Western Railway, and approving the statutes of the same. The society will be h Id to remit every six mouths an extract of the state of its accounts to the Minister of the Interior, to the prefects of the departments traversed by the railway, to the prefect of police, to the Chamber of Commerce, and to the clerks of the Tri bunals of Commerce in whose circumscription the exploitation will take place. The Prince-President has received from the King of Sardinia the letters which put an end to the mis sion of Count do Galling as Minister Plenipoten tiary. At the same audience in which these letters were presented by M. de Galling, the Chevalier Provana do Collegno handed to the Prince his cre dentials as successor to the Into envoy. The President of the Republic was present at the representation of Guillaume Tell at the Grand Opera the night before last. He was accompanied by Marshal Exelmans, General Rognet, his aide-dc camp, M. de Pcrsigny, the Minister of the Interior, and Colonel Ney de la Moskowa. It is announced, says the Pattie, that the grand public fetes will take place in Paris on the 22nd, 23rd, and 24th of next month. Aaron d'Arsen, Chamberlain of the King of Hol land, has just arrived in Paris on a special mission. M. C. E. David has just left Paris for Austria and, Italy, on a special mission. The squadron of evolutions under the command of Admiral de la Stine, consisting of the Ville de Paris, the Valmy, Henri IV., Ilayard, lens, and Jupiter ships of the line, Corner and Sane steam frigates, and Caton steam corvette, sailed from Toulon on the 21st. After passing the night and next day at sea, the squadron anchored in the night of the 22nd off the Des d'lly&es, where they will remain a few days, in order to exercise the men at the guns. The Uranie, of 60 guns, was lying in the roadstead of Ilyeres when the squadron anchored. The Gencreax, which is to take on board some of the prisoners sentenced to transportation, left the harbour of Toulon on the 21st, and anchored in the outer roads. M. Leon Vidal, long known as a zealous Bona partist writer in the Bulletin de Paris, has been appointed by M. de l'crsigny chef-de-bureau of the department of prisons at the ministry of the interior. M. Vidal formerly held en office in that ministry, from which he was dismissed by the provisional government. The Bulletin de Paris, of this evening, says that manuscript journals from abroad are sent into France by post, and spread false reports and hostile senti ments. It feels certain that the government will not permit the circulation of these hidden calumnies, fabricated on the other side of the Rhine and the British Channel. The Bourse opened with firmness, and a rise of 50e. was attained, but a reaction took place. which ended in the Five per Cents, falling from yesterday 15c., closing at 102440. The Three per Cents. fell Sc., and closed at 65.15. Bank of France shares fell 10c. Railways fell slightly. SPAIN. MADRID, JAN. 23. Rumours prevail of imminent changes in the mi nistry. A decree, promulgate) at Madrid on December 19, increased the import duties on woollen cloths, leather, china, and paper from January 1, 1432. But, on the representations of the French ambas sador at Madrid, a fresh decree has been issued, declaring that such augmentation of duties is not to be applied until February 20, for articles com ing from France and the other countries of Europe. BELGIUM. The Independance Beige has the following upon the position of the French refugees: M:Carnot has not, as some of the journals have said, been expelled from Belgium ; but it is true that he is in clined to leave us. On the appearance of the lists of pro scription, in which his name is not inscribed, but where the names of several of his former colleagues were, M. Carnot wrote to the King of Prussia a most dignified letter, in which, remarking that his father found en asylum in that monarch's dominions after the prescriptions of 1815, ho claims the same hospitality. The illustrious Baroa Alex. ander Humboldt, formerly a friend of General Carnot, and his colleague in the Institute, hastened to present this letter to the King, who immediately granted the request in the most honourable terms A number of political refugees, compromised in French affairs, who have been here a fort night unknown to the police, are at this quitting our country for England, Holland, and Germany. GERMANY. _ PRUSSIA. In the Second Prussian Chamber on the 26th the Minister of Finance brought in tho bill re-imposing the stamp duty on newspapers, on the principle some time since described. The motive for the mea sure is stated to be merely a financial one. The abo lition of the duty in 1848 caused a considerable loss to the revenue, which it is highly necessary should be made up again. The new duty will be levied, according to the size of the paper, in super , ficial contents, and there will be no exceptions, not even for journals that consist exclusively of adver tisements. Every hundred square inches will pay half a • pfennig," or the twelfth part of a grosehen, in English money something more than the third of a farthing. This duty on every number of journals published twice a day will of course have to be met by an increase of price. No statement was made of the revenue expected to be realised by the measure. It is generally believed that the financial result is not that to which the government attaches the most importance. Another bill laid on the table at the same time imposes a tax on bill of exchange. Both bills were referred to the commission of finance. Lieutenant Pim arrived at Berlin on the 25th instant, his enterprise being for the present aban doned. He was to leave for London on the 27th. BERLIN, JAN. 24. The New Prussian Gazette has an able article against the motion now before the legislature, and approved by the ministry, for pacing all the nomi nations to scats in the first chamber in the hands of the crown. It is matter of history, the writer observes, that every first chamber which rests upon no other and better foundation than royal nomina tion, is good for nothing while it exists,and upon the first rising of a atom is scattered like spray and vanishes without being missed. On this account the government is advised in the interest of the crown itself to abide by the provisions of the constitution, and is told with much effect that an arrangement which the King first devised, and then swore to, can ' not be broken without so much as an attempt being made to carry it into execution. Notwithstanding this sound and truly conservative advice, the government, according to the same jour nal, will immediately come forward with a proposi tion, excluding the operation of the elective princi ple in the construction of a first chamber. A privy council was held yesterday, and attended by the Prince of Prussia, when, it is understood, this ques tion was debated. AUSTRIA. The Imperial Gazelle of Vienna contains the text of an autograph letter, by which the Emperor calls Baron Kuhner, hitherto a minister without portfolio, to the dignity of a privy councillor, and a seat in the Keichsrath. M. Baumgartner announce*, through the same medium, that the execution of the new tariff will commence on the Ist proximo, notwith standing the impossibility of publishing its provi sions in the various tongues spoken in the Austrian monarchy before that date. Ono of the Jewish converts to the " faith deli vered" by the English missionaries at Teeth, who had been placed at the head of a Sunday school r for children, has been told by the authorities to abstain from teaching. The school is now shut up, and an interdict hu been laid upon the dissemi nation of all scriptural knowledge, an order having been given for the confiscation of Bibles imported into Hungary. DENMARK AND THE DUCIIIF,S. A letter dated Hamburg, January 24, say.: The ministerial crisis in Copenhagen has terminated in the following arrangements—A collective ministry is formed for the kingdom and the Duchies, over which the King presides. The Hereditary Prince Ferdi nand and Prince Christian of Glucksburg, as standing next the throne, have part in its deliberations. The portfolios are assigned as follows : Von Bluhmo, Foreign Affairs; Count Sponneck, Finance and Com merce; General Hansen, War; Von Steen-Bilk, Marine (instead of Admiral Zahrtmann, who de clines); and Scheel, Worship. The special ministers for Interior Aflitirs and Justice are, for Denmark, Bang and Claussen ; for Schleswig, Count Carl Moltke ; and for Holstein, Count Iteventlow Cri mini!. The King is said to have made these last nominations with great reluctance. ITALY . CHANGES IN THE NEAPOLITAN MINISTRY. We have received the following by submarine tele graph from our Paris correspondent : PARIS. Ticuitstur. The Naides Go.:ette, of the 22nd, announces the following modifications in the ministry The Marquis Fortunato retires with a pension, on account of his age, and is replaced in the presidency of the council by Ferdinand Troia, and in the foreign affairs by Camfa Di Truett°. M. Scorza is named Minister of Ecclesiastical Affairs. Pasquale Go verna, Prefect of Police. FRANCE. MB PRESIDENTS AND VICR•PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE BY SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH.) (1 , 1011 OVA Own COILRISPONDINT) PARIS, TRORSDAT MORNING. Are nominated : _ _ President of the Senate, Jerome Bonaparte. First Vice-President, Meynard Othen. Vice-Presidents, I)rouyn de l'Huya, Troplong, Baragnay d'Hilliers; Omnd Referentlary, Hautpoul ; Boaretary, Lacrosse. Another decree names the sections of the Council of State, which will enter immediately into functions. MM. Mai Hard, Itouher, Delangle, Magne, Ad miral Leblanc, M. De Parieu, are appointed Presi dents of the six sections of the Council. The Consultative Commission is dissolved. PARIS, WZDNZSDAT EVININO. The following important official note, disavowing the article of Dr. Veron given below, will appear in the .Motaieur of to-morrow morning, aad in the papers of this evening : In lb number of the 28th Jan., the Comeau lionise, throws out the expectation that a new decree would submit to the Senate and the Legislative Body the question of the domains of the house of Orleans. This news is completely devoid of foundation. The following is the article of the All kinds of seentities were in demand:at the Bourse to day. The Fives rose I franc. It was hoped that a new decree inserted to-morrow in the Moniteur would submit to the &nate and Legislative Body the question of the domain of the Home of Orleans. We have not wished to combat, even by silence, the decree which orden the re. steeede• to the state of a part of the property of the Or. Mans flintily. Our devotion to the cause of Louis Napo leen, which we have since the 10th of December regarded iss the ensue of sosiety, has imposed upon us in this instance the most painful duty. How happy should we be if this rigorous measure, submitted to a new examin a tion, weighed no longer upon the government of December 2. The executors of the will of Louis Philippe, among whom are M. Dupin and M. Odilon Barret, have protested against the decree of confiscation of the Orleans property, and given notice that they shall appeal against this arbitrary act before the tribunals. The emplel. , s of the administration of the property of the Duke d'Aumale have received notice that they will be shortly dismissed. The worst effect has been produced upon public opinion in the departments by the decree of confisca two. I may instance particularly the Ilaute-Marne, where the chateau and domain of St. Dizier, some of the principal Orleans property, lies. This depart ment signalised itself in tho vote on the plebiseetc by Bonapartism. The new council of state was presented at the Tuileries yesterday evening to Louis Napoleon by M. Baroche. The Prince did not make any speech on the occasion. On the subject of the now Senate the Union says : Some persons hays been surprised at not seeing amongst the members of the Senate the cardinals, marshals, and admirals declared by Art. 20 of the constitution to form part of that body. As these personages are senators es officio, • special decree was not required to name them. Other persons hare made the following objection:—The Monieeur names 72 persona, and, be adding to that number the 12 senators ex officio, namely four cardinals, six mar shals, and two admirals, a total is obtained of 84 members. But the number of senators being fixed at 80 for the first year, the new decree, they insist, must be in contradiction ' with the constitution. That is also a false interpretation of the constitution. Art. 19 certainly states that the number of senators is filed at 80 for the first year, but that article only applies to the members nominated by the President of the Republic. The result of all this is that the Senate may be composed for the first year of 92 members ; and that, con- 1 sequent/y, eight more nominations still remain for the Pre l i - sident to make. The Union is right in saying that it was unneces sary to name the er-officio senators in the decree of yesterday. But it cannnot be cuily admitted that the interpretation pat by the President upon hi, own constitution with respect to art. 19, is the cor rect one. That article is in these words : " The number of senators cannot exceed 150; it is fixed for the first year at 80." Nothing can be less ambigu ous than this. But the next article says : " The Se- 1 nate is composed of, Ist. Cardinals, marshals, and admirals; 2nd. Of citizens that the President may think fit to elevate to the dignity of a senator." There is nothing here to qualify the positive limit to the number of 80 contained in the first article. It might indeed be said that, supposing the full complement, of 80 to be at once-made up, the President was not, therefore, to be prevented from creating marshals or admirals in the course of the year, and that, as these would also necessarily be senators, the restriction in art 19 could not apply to them. The sound interpretation of the two articles taken together would, however, be that the marshals, admirals (or cardinals made by the pope), would in such a case be supernumerary senators until death ' ' vacancies:occur. To exceed the limit, per saltum, without necessity, can hardly be in accordance with the true meaning of the words. At any rate a grave constitutions] question is here raised at once, and if the senator were in fact anything else but a set of dependent clerks, the first thing they would have to consider would be the legality of the decree appointing them. It is, however, so thoroughly understood that there is no law in France that a fundamental ques tion of the kind will not be thought worth examina tion. The church of Nezignan l'Eveque, near Pezenu, was surrounded on the 17th inst., while mass was going on, by a detachment of the 38th Regt., sup ported by gendarmes and hussars. On coming out of church each individual was stopped and asked for his or her name. This unexpected proceeding led to the arrest upon the spot of eighteen persons charged with having taken a part in the rising of the 3rd and 4th December. Many other arrests have been made since. Several have surrendered themselves. The number of prisoners now in Penns' is 313. Many have been transferred to Sexier., where at, this mo ment, 700 are in custody. It is said that ever) fresh arrest produces confessions which lead to the issue of more warrants. A letter from Sisteron (Basses- Alpes), of the 23rd, says : "Numerous arrests con tinue to be made in this neighbourhood. Not less than 230 persons are now in custody, and almost the whole of them have been furnished by the three can tons of Lamotte, Valorino, and Sisteron. Fifty-three political prisoners were two days ago, lodged in the gaol of Orleans, three are women, and, it is said, that they took an active part in the insurrection at Bonny." The Pays says that about 2,000 persons, selected from those considered to be the least deserving of severe e unishment, will be sent to Algeria, and em ployed in the agricultural colonies there. Any free expression of opinion with regard to the President of the public that may reach the cars of authority is invariably punished with severity. Both in Paris and the provinces, prosecutions daily take place for mere loose expressions let fall in convivial moments and reported by professional or amateur spies. Prosecution and condemnation arc now synonymous terms. Fine and imprimment always follow. I mentioned some of these eases two days ago. Several more occurred in Paris yesterday. One lof the prisoners, a basket maker, had with more truth than politeness, said within the hearing of some ' soldiers in a wine-shop, that they were fighting machines for a man who did not deserve any re spect. The soldiers reported the expression, and the man was sentenced to two months' imprisonment and MI. fine. The court-martial in Paris has condemned a sol dier named !tomtit, of the 56th Fusileers to death, for having stabbed a comrade, and robbed him of Ififif, in the Champs Elystes, while they were taking a walk together M. Muret de Bort, an influential member of the conservative party in the time of Louis Philippe, has written to decline the requisition of some of his friends to stand for the Indre. The new prefect of police, M. Pietri has arrived in !'aria . Ile had a long conference with M. do !gaups,' yesterday, and to-day he assumes the duties of his office. The Moniteur makes known the resignation of M. Emile Pepin-Seltalleur of his scat in the Consul tative Coma:dna' on the 23rd of January, the same day on which the confiscation decree appeared. The steam frigate, Mogador, of WA/ horse power, lying at Brest, has been prepared for the reception of three or four hundred captive insurgents of the AMERICA. SOUTHAMPTON. TIWIUMAY Mous/mi. Ths Franklin arrived off Cowes this morning, on her way to Havre. She left New York on the 17th She brings specie. value 340,000 dollars, and 43 pas sengers. The Union and El Dorado had arrived at New York from Chagres. 'The latter brought gold dust, value ono million five hundred dollars. Kossuth had arrived at the capital of Pensylvania, and was received with immense applause. The Governor of Massachussets openly advocates an ap peal to arms in favourer Hungarv. M. Ilulsemann has addressed a letter to the President, complaining of the remarks of Webster at the Kossuth banquet. The New York Conrrier and Inquirer has the fol lowing account of the matter : We learn by special telegraphic despatch from our Wash ington correspondent, that the particular object of Mr. llulsemann'■ letter to the president was to ascertain whe ther the views of the latter, in regard to the relations of Austria to her revolted provinces, correspond with the sen Stunts expressed by Mr. Webster at the Kossuth dinner. He wished to know the feeling of the President in this respect, that he might apprise the cabi net at Vienna. Ile did not regard the govern ment as committed by these declarations, and until they should be sanctioned by the President he should con sider the relations of the two countries unchanged. Inas much u the President never answers such communications, except through the appropriate departments, the letter was referred to the Secretary of State, and the question now is, whether Mr. Ilulsernann's breach of official propriety in thus slighting Mr. Webster shall be followed by a delivery to him of his passports, by silence, or by written reply. The Austrian charge has showed, on u former occasion, that he has no desire to leave his station ; but perhaps recent instructions have changed his inclinations. It is uncertain what course Mr. We,aer will adopt in the premises. lie has long intended resignation, but has withheld it from • regard to the public interests, and these new complications will probably postpone it still longer. The Journal (of nmanterce, on the same subject, and under date Washington, Jan. 16, says : It is supposed that this government will request Hulse mantis recall, or dismiss him. Hulsensann would never have addressed a remonstrance to the President had not his instructions required it. Of course he is prepared to with draw, and is probably so instructed. The news by this mail is unusually santy. The Weekly Herald says: One of our Washington correspondents alludes to the ' manoeuvrings of the several candidates for the presidency, and says that although: Mr. Fillmore has not yet written a letter declining a nomination, he has it in contemplation. He also avers that General Scott had determined upon coming out in favour of the compromise, but was prevailed upon to portpone such a course by Mr. Seward. flow much reliance can be placed upon this gossip time will tell. Perhaps there may be a foundation for the rumour that Mr. Fillmore will give way for Mr. Webster. Our cor respondent likewise states that Chevalier Hulsemann did have an extraordinary private talk with the President, relative to Kossuth. After the former had delivered his opinion, in an unofficial capacity, it is said he was silently bowed out for his trouble. There is no doubt that bitter feelings have recently been engendered into the hearts of foreign diplomats at Washington, and it is not impossible that there will be a general flare-up before a great while. With regard to Lord Palmerston and the affair of firing into the Prometkeus,it is likely that the next steamer from Europe will tell us what is intended. A aeries of resolutions was, on the 15th, presented in the United States Senate from the legislature of Alabama, opposing any meddling by this country in the affairs of Europe. This movement is similar to the action of the Maryland legislature, which, in resolutions of welcome to Kossuth, told him plainly that it was opposed to his doctrine of intervention. It is not im probable that the course of these two states will be fol. .lowed by nearly all the others in the south. The southe rn people honour Kossuth and his followers for their patriot ism, but are hostile to his endeavours to compromise this government in the affairs of foreign natioas. The Asia arrived on the 17th. The following letter of our correspondent contains all further items of intelligence brought by the present mail: NEW YORK, JAN. 17. Since the departure of the lest mail, we have had another arrival of of steamers from Chagres—the Union and El Do rado. The latter brought about one million and a half in gold dust, and only one day's later intilligence from San Francisco. The following is an abstract of the news "The military spirit is so rife in California, that, besides the expedition started from the Sandwich Islands, Governor McDougal issued a proclamation calling for two companies of fifty each, to constitute a battalion to serve against the Indians, under the command of Colonel Jack Hayes. One of the companies was commanded by Colonel John W. Geary, and the other by Daniel Aldrich. They were to proceed south, armed and equipped at private expense, and without their pay being stipulated. On the eve of their sailing, however, a schooner arrived from San Pedro, bringing information which induced the governor to delay the expedition, as the despatch from the com mandant of the forces in the south called for munitions of war only, and did not urge a want of men. A few days after, tidings were received that the allied Indian forces had been dispersed, by the capture of their head chief, Antonio, who, it is believed, was hung at San Diego on the Ifith inst., and the volunteers were disbanded. A company of forty immediately re-organised on private adventure, and electing their officer,, procured recom mendatory and unofficial letters from the government, tali- ing their passage for San Diego the neat day at their own expense. The state has thus been saved a cost of several hundred thousand dollars, and the people of the south, by a timely blow, have been spared the evils of a protracted In- , dian war. It is said some disappointment has been felt ; among a few interested individuals, who had counted upon 1 an expedition to the south at the expense of the state. It would bit easy to raise from three to five thousand fighting men in California, for any sort of an expedition between a bear hunt and an Indian fight, or fur an expedition to the Sandwich Islands or to Mexico. On the occasion above re- (erred to more than twice as many men presented them selves as were needed, andall in one morning. The survey of a railroad between San Jac and San Francisco has been completed. I believe I mentioned to you that public attention here btu been directed within a few days past to the navigation , of the upper tributaries of the Plate Hirer. The success of Urquiza, the hostile he ring of Brasil, now leagued with the Banda Orientale, and the impending fate of Row, seem to leave no doubt but that a new and valuable trade j will shortly be opened with a part of the world (rich in natural products, and desirous of interchange with more commercial nati tttt a), such as has not before occurred during the present generation. An American expedition is now being organised in this city, which will proceed in about six weeks to Assumption, the capital of Paraguay. It will consist of a steamer, fitted fur the river ',mine's, and a sail ing vessel, laden with goods and agricultural implements. alonopolies have already been secured by the parties who have organised the expedition. Amt.,7g the most startling efforts recently made to enlist American enterprise, which is always ready enough, and American capital, which is always averse from pecuniary risks, is that of a gentleman who has recently arrived here front New Grenada with a special monopoly of the new route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, by the route of the San Jean (a very common name for risers) and the Atrato rivers. The party who is agitating the scheme exhibits grants, monopolies, and large quantities of gold and silver, which he has obtained himself on the route of the new transit. In other words, it is a revival of the Choco route, mentioned, if I mistake not, favourably by Humboldt. Those of your readers who have heard of the famous canal of Itrepadura, dug through the valley of Chown, by means of the energy of a catholic priest, will nt onee eoinorehend the new project. living at this moment without proper references at hand, I can only Bay, that more than two hundred year. ago the was inf orme d and believed that aea si o ti i nigh government agues would unite the rivers Atrato a n d 8 - Juan, so that vessels of a good size might pass from moan to ocean; that in fact when the Choco valley was Hooded by rain it actually occurred. History says that when this fact wu communicated to the Spanish government it prohibited all communications by that route uder the penalty of death. Nevertheless the curate of Novella, clareg rrding the threat, caused the canal of Itaspadura to be dug by the Indians of his palish, and bungoes loaded with cocoa passed from river to river through that canal. In 1813, Mr. Rubinson, 1 44 American traveller and author, held reptaksl conversations at Carthagena with respectable Spaniads and Creoles in relation to this canal of ltasparlura, and they stated that the canal, though choked up with weeds and rubbish, might malty be reopened, and that there were anal' between the source's of the Atrato and Sin Juan, nearlyintclooking each other, where even • shorter canal might be collinear:tell with the mune results. I shall nut more than allude at this time to the route by the riser Naipf, emptying into the Atrato. The projector, who is here, iskys he h u I himself traced the canal of Itapadurts, awl that it is tvin now a respectable ditch. lam to have an iuterview vis.th him on the subject ill a few days, and will communicate the result. It as very evident that before many years are passed, American ertuaprise will have tested esery mule ler crossing the isthmuses that ca pi tal is ts aud South The women took America. Should any English thaire to take hold of this new route, you may address them to your cor respondent, who will give them every information in ha power, disinteresterhy, too, us neither lie nor his house has anxious were they the slightest interest in the matter. Our domestic 14eWv is tolerably bible:ding. Kras o th reached llarashurg, the capital of Pennsylvania, not was 1 1 received with immense applause ; but • very characteristre feature in reception occurred, such as c"sitil not wi 11 have happened in possessbm of the ..iinmybleryth:ir.meobeunr,trio. to see the Hungarian, and in such crowds that the lea n . lature had no lames for themselves. The male mob fol lowed the example of the wormier, and the corifu.ion acil noise were so gnat, that a company of urriformed wihtu was called out to clear the hall. 'I attempt was Iruit• less, kip. e th e mot, well knew they would not he tired on because they were curious. The recept ion w, „ t inf briefly and in dumb show, but the next day the aria re ception teak plaie, :Ind the usual speeches were m a d, I n reference to this subject, I have again to say that a 3 the violent speeches., messages, and mutations wind! you will see in our papers relative to the doctrines of Kossuth, are only a part of our system of electiouterina The daem r cratic governor of Alassachussets, Poutuell, openly advo cates an appeal to arms is. favour Of Hewer,. All these persons know full well, that each a step is not only emu. liable list impos s ible, y e t th e y advocate at, to catch sotsfur the pealing hour. The Magyar sustains hisseell sub limely through all his hopes and tears, and has produced profound impression, if he shall do nothiwz :sore. In connection with this subject I may observe, that the Austrian cheep. , Hulsentan, who is now rear:need a the author of a violent attack on this country in ls2l, while he wu an 'Arial *crab, snot who prom mended very warmly to the Austrian government strong measures against the moral propagandism of the United States, ham had the audacity to address • letter to the President complaining of the r . marks of Mr. Webster at the limssuth banquet. The )'resident never replies to such communicatiou; . thiy are alway s answered by the secretary of state. 1 hat Mr. Webster I will give Mr. Hulsernan an answer, such as will make bun • wince, I do nut doubt. I should not he surprised if he was sent olf in the usual way, of having his pas.ports sent hint; nor shall I be surprised if by the act ut Congress all diplo matic relatic relations with Austria should erase. There is not the slightest necessity for an American minister at Vienne. Indeed, a, you well know, the prniale.itinn to pens. with an American minister to Au,tui.r was op c nly ad vocated in Congress during the last session. It is pretty certain that our squadrons in the Mediterranean and the German Ocean are about to he staguientid. Carthstslo est Melilla. Destroy the rum) of the United States and we shall have peace in our relations, but not before. We will never join with you until our calumniator is driven from the held. Some tine ago I gave you a hint that Es-Secretary Maray was to be a prominent candidate fur the pre , idenev. At that time I might have been charged with too meat confidence in my prediction, hut it turns out as I predicted, so far as this state is concerned. Ile has already a large majority of the delegates from this state to the Baltimore convention. Ile is one of the safest and met COli m i u ti ve of the democratic party ; and for my part, ti e not of his party, I see no possible objection tii his becoming nor President. Mr. Fillmore would, no &old, like to he re elected, but he has, unfortunately, no other hove than the via inertia.. lie is • rock against which you may vainly kick, but he is nothing more. It would require a Moses to get ny fluidity of opinion out of him. Our monetary affairs are in apparently good position. Notwithstanding the barge amounts of gold that are shipped by every steamer to England and France, our markets here appear to be easy, and the most common qua. lilies of State hang and railroad bonds are taken up with a readiness that mocks belief. The New York and Erie rant oad have just disposed of bonds to the amount of three millions of dollars, the third in precedence, without the slightest difficulty. We have now no less than three nearly parallel railways between New York and Albany, a di.tanee of lio miles, and all are doing well. These are not only parallel, pm& Veally with each other, bat actually with the Hudson ri ver , which permits the ascent of steamers of over 1,500 tom burthen to the sane terminus, making the passage in soca hours, and but a little short of railroad time. At pre.cut the river is closed with ice, and the rails have all the trans. portation to themselves. [For commercial intelligence see last page.] WEST INDIES. By the Franklin we have dates from Jamaica to the 7th inst. Efforts were still making among the merchants at Kingston to establish a line of steamers between that port and St. Jugo de Cuba, connecting also with some South American port. The .hoiriiid warmly recommends the enterprise. The ./ournal records the fact of a recent arrival of a few immi grants from the United States. 'they came in the brig Comet (where from it is not stated), and are now settled at Port of Spain. 11cr Britannic Majesty's brig Sappho arrived at Kingston, from Port Royal, on the Ist inst. There was nothing of importance doing in the House of Assembly, still in session. The cholera still prevails to a very fatal extent at Savanna-la-Mar. One or two cues, also, are reported at Kingston, but the victims were brought there by a schooner from Port Royal. The Board of Health were vigorously enforcing the mai tary ordinances of the city. --- THE BRAZIL AND URUGUAY TREATIES. We find the following in the Giotitutionn , /, on the subject of the treaties entered into lac-meta Brazil aud Uruguay t • We have already spoken on the treatio. concluded be tween the Brazils and the Oriental State. We are now able to give more ample details. These treaties are Ave in num ber. The first fixes the limits between the two countries on the principle of uli poisidetis, and declares formally the convention of Saint Ildefonso, concluded in 17,7 between Portugal and Spain, to be null and void. The second treaty solemnly recognises the independence of the Oriental State, and regulates the condition of amity and perpetual peace between the two countries. Ankle 4 of this treaty stipulates that Brazil shall always lend aid and assistance to the constitutional government of Uruguay for four years, in order, says the treaty, to strengthen the Ori ental nationality, by internal peace, and the practical applo cation of its constitution. This a.ssistance will he given be the land and sea forces of Brazil, on the demand of the con stitutional government, and in cases expressly dctermini I by the treaty.. At the expiration of the four year-. the assistance of Brazil may still be demanded by the go., rn ment of the Uruguay, but the former is at liberty to .rant or refuse it as she may think tit. The expense. of any intervention are to be borne by the Oriental state A. a proof of the humane and conciliatory intention. who h have animated the two contracting parties. the treaty on pones on the government of Uruguay the obligation of restoring all property that may have been confiscated during the war, of giving a general amnesty, and of storing to all citizens, without exception, the for vier rise of their civil and political rights. By the thini treaty, the government of Uruguay. fixes the amount of the debt it has contracted with that of Brazil. This debt is composed of the subsidies already tfiv.'n and fresh advances which Brazil engages to furnish for a certain number of years. As a guarantee far thi s debt, the Oriental government mortgages the receipts of the custom-house of Monte Video. The fourth treaty regulates the commercial relations between the two coun tries, and lays down rules for the river navigation. Both panics agree not to give any asylum to pirates, and to pre vent the island of Martin Garcia from filling into the hands of any power, except one of the states in possensom of the lower or upper banks of the Plata. The fifth treaty relate. to the extradition of criminals and slaves from ..ne et. the other of the countries, and specifies the crimes for which it may bo demanded." Swissmins. -The Swiss journals state that the gendarme on duty at the grand Saciiiitiev refused M. Eugene Sue admission to the territory of ti. near, because his passport was not duly rvnd by the Sue.. einivol at Paris. M. Sue stated who he WM.. and that he wls eitili4 from France, and i nsist ed on tieing allowed to pass through Geneva. Hut the gendarme perdstol in refusing. At length M. Sue sent off an expo , . to M. James Far', awed the difficulty that had ea•eurred, awl re. questing his interference. lu shout three hours a messenger arrived with an order of admission from M. Fary. Ilut thus inNesihle gendarme refused to obsy it. M. Fury, lie was not the chief of the department of Justin• and police. neither was he his captain, and it wad only thive two tall , I tionaricii who could give him orders. Another messenger had consequently to he sent to Geneva, and he returned with the authorisai ion of M. tiirard, chiet of the police, " Eugene Sue to pass through the canton. GOVERNMENT EMIGRANTS.—According to the lae holas returns issued ye•terday, it appears that in five yevn (ISid to 1510 inclusive), there were 22.690 statute 2 " 1" Iwho emigrated from Drinford, and 29,1.15 from ilytuoldh• making .52,1r28, iii addition to which there wore 4t l statute adults who embarked at tilasgow. bou lief at ( turr 1. . Cha si:le OVA Ova lief the 1 Pen inked Ciu,