The Express. — London, England, 1852-04-19 00:00:00

Ihe Orprefifi. TO CONNISIONDENTIS. • Ore 4 Salim Lspresk . susialfti rM moo ems., Ca claMtPf YphWbi may Turley W hwl Wilt. la tto• pea. leimusseraftislerlsi ter The term; Lambe T• 1111.1111 ism ... I b. e ,•.• • wee,. N. Ikereene4rest, he The o'clut • ea Or et ishisitioa. NlOl WATIR AT LONDON DRIDOI. Toe Do—ilanies. Sh. 21%. t••••••• —thaw& SI. 144..........•kur5eme 311. es- LONDON, MONDAY. APRIL 19. To-steirr the subject of India is again to be brought before parliament by Mr. HERRIES, and cer tainly few subjects deserve more serious consideration. Lord Drier's speech in moving for a committee' ' of the House of Lords to inquire into the operation of the Act 3 and 4 WILLIAM IV. chap. 86, for the better government of the QuEEN's Indian territories. whereof the East India Company are until 1834 trustees, if without the vigour and force of his lord ship's statements on subjects of party interest, was, nevertheless, • very favourable. specimen of his calmer little of clearly and skilfully launching the outlines of • great question. In it, however, Lord Deeni's high oratorical ability was more promi- Dent than his real acquaintance with the case he was dealing with. Thus, in the very commencement of his speech, his lo rdship assumed and segued on a position for which there is no foun dation in (Act, yet which, if granted, goes far to control and sway the inquiry he eJneluded by moving. The act of 1833, he said. appears to have con templated a continuance of the political power", of the company for 40 years, though it only granted them for half that period . This, wo think, is a fallacy, and one so important as to deserve distinct notice. It is true that statute provides for the payment of the Company's stock in 1874 at the rate of 2001. fur every pal!. stock. But the reason for fixing that period was that by 1874 the sinking fund of 4000,000 f., dirce'ed by the act of 1034 to be set aside out of the Company's commercial assets, will then have so far accumu lated as to furnish the means for the repayment of the stock at that rate without any draught either on the finances of England or India. Meanwhile, no doubt. should the powers of the company be allowed to expire, there is a liability on the part of this coun try to discharge at 2031. the East India Stock, on three years' notice being given. But as until the divideuds thereon shall fall below eight per cent., the market price will probably be higher than the rate of repayment, the pi oprietors would lose by the notice ; and it is, therefore, little likely to be given. At all events, these provisions in the Act of 1831 were introduced simply fur the protec tion of the pecuniary interests of the proprietors of East India stock, and were never intended to create any claim for a renewal of the political powers of the Company—still less to impose on parliament any obligation to recognise, or act on, such unfounded preten.ions. Lord Beetle must not, therefore, be allowed to trammel or fetter the consideration of this important question by any such illusory inference, however skilfully introduced " en pa wine" The legislature is in 1834 quite as free to abolish the political powers of the East India ('ompany as it was in 1831 to abrogate their commercial monopoly ; and unless the parliamentary committees start in their investigations from that point, and with a clear and distinct understanding that Lord DERBY'S assumption is inaccurate, the inquiry may take quite a wrong route. For, if that be not granted, the issue will be the best means of improving the machinery of an administration for directing part of the home government of India and all the patronage of that country, and not whether the "experiment" (as Mr. eneitets WYNNE called the act of 1831) has been successfuL It will be important, therefore, to procure from Mr. HERRIES further explanation on this point in the House of Commons when he to-night moves for the committee thereon. 'to return to Lord BERM'S speech, it may be added that with some excellencies, it had two great defects; it never rose to any proper appreciation of the real worth of native character; and, though it referred to some remote probability or coatingency of the natives being able, under British sovereignty, to administer their own affairs, it never suggested a single mode or measure by which to promote and advance that great end ; without which we are merely conquerors in India. No doubt, under the Company's charters, and by the courage, and audacity, and unscrupulousness of their servants. we have acquired a marvellous empire in India. But the points now for solution are, whether in doing so the tendency of our proceedings has not been more and more to unfit the natives for administering their own affairs; and whether, having now no external enemies to dread, and complete supremacy within safe limits, our pride, our " in solence in office," as Lord ELLENeotiounri described it, and our indifference to all interests but those of the governing class, may not render our danger greater in a stationary than it was in a progressive state. When, then, Lord Deans' turned so much to the past ; traced its great and glorious events; and drew all his illustrations sad lopes of the future there from, he referred to a state of things that has terminated. A new world in India is opening upon Bs; in it the past can teach us few lessons ;—unless we can realise its wants and supply them, we shall never elevate the natives of India in the social scale. They may remain our subjects; but they will gra dually become • race not worth governing. lin one great point both Lord DERBY and Lord Et.eaxeimoecin concurred- "I do not," said the former, " lay any stress upon the extent of territory acquired by the Company since 1834; because I am by no means sure that the possession of that terri tory was an unmixed advantage." The latter added that, in his opinion, the limits of our empire "had already in some quarters been passel. It is with much regret I look to the possession of Peshawur and of any country on the right bank of the Indus eseve Kalabagh, where the naviion from the sea emceed. • • And of this ) lam sure, that be yawl the present territorial limits it would be the log=of 'Nikk ei insanity to peas." Such are the *et here always been expressed in this *rag ; eel Vwe have been alone in their exprea. dea In the meteepolitan press, there is some esti:. Judea ia palaelly finding them also the opinions of ell ease eke have really studied the actual posi tion of ear Istlian empire under a sense of either palidsal se used respousibility. MAN4ION-lloC4t.—On Saturday, the Bth of May I the Lord Mayor and the Lady Mayoress will entertain her Majesty's ministers, the foreign ministers, es well as a distinguished party of mambas of both house, of parlia ment, and their ladies. A PRACTICAL MCIVER TO SIR F. ILIILLT.—The 6 following singalar nom for voting against a free trade candidate was gives by a butcher in an agrieultaral con stituency . "I am parry I cant support you. I believe that you was well. but free trade does not agree with me. I can't MS lbw beet plucks and offal (naafi them as they bang upon the wall). Look here. People sow-m. =have so mush bread to eat that they will not bay my Cheap bread in all very well, hut it don't do for my trade, sad leant vote for you." Calling upon another voter (an aripanual labourer), the wife, a quick, Weill. put-lookiew wow, only appeared, add, addressing Mr. Mellor said," Are you in favour of teeing our bread ?" No, quite the cannery ; I wish to prevent its being taxed,'' quoth the candidate. " Then my husband will vote for you." Mr. Y. " May l see your husband. as I should be glad to hear him confirm your premier! ?" " You need not fear ; come here (opening the door of a room, and pointing to fire children), do you think that my hue. band will go and vote against his own children?" FATAL COLLISION IN Tug CIIANNEL.--A Colli sion, resulting in the loss of a Dutch ship and most of her crew, was announced at Lloyd's, on Saturday evening It took place on Friday morning, in the Channel, off the Bill of Portland. The Triton, Mr. Baker, master, bound from Cardiff to Bremen, was brought up in the Chieeel Cave, a good anchors on that line of coast, and, while in that pieties, a Daub trader, name at present not correctly ascertained, but belonging to IRottardam, and bound to Liehau from Liverpool, in working up, ran with tremen dous force into the Triton, which was taken amidships. She sustained considerable damage by the collision, and her escape from immediate foundering may ne deemed most providential. The Dutchman was low in the water, and her hull receiving a fearful shaking, she almost instantly began to fill. As quickly as practicable, the Triton got clear of the Dutchman, and the latter very shortly &fest wards went down in deep water, with, as was supposed at the time, every soul on board. It has %ince been ascertained however, that a pilot boat from Portland succeeded is picking up the master and his brother, but the remainder of the crew, sit or seven in number, perished. After mat difficulty, the Triton, by the aid of n boat's crew, from 1:t idport, was got into that harbour. None of the beaks had been picked up when the account was dispatched, The Dutchman is slated to have been awed. FRANCE.. PARIS, BartrlMATlo 4 l l 49. I have just heard of a circumstance which paints to the life the systematic degradation to which the deputies of the Corps Idsgislatif are subjected by the government. You are aware that before the map tritat members of the Assembly had easy access at all times to the ministers to confer upon business relative to their constituencies. I informed you lately that some dispute had arisen between the deputies and the ministers in consequence of the COP sation of the old privilege, and that the affair vita compromised by the ministers appointing partied's' days fur the reception of deputies. Well, twee's ties presented themselves this morning to wafture a minister in conformity with the new rule. Bat they acre surprised to find the antechambererowded witb persons quite foreign to the legislature. The ' deputies had certainly understood from M. Bil ; ]unit, president of their chamber, that they were not to be confounded with the vulgar herd of applicants, but to be admitted immediately , if not ex 'esively, to confer with the minister on the a f f ai r s ',at the nation. They sent in their cards and titles. After kicking their heels for a quarter of an hoar wittiest getting any answer, they sent in their cards rwith an announcement added in pencil that li waited. Still no answer was returned. During , this interval the other suitors were admitted iu turn. Finally, the two deputies having danced attendance in the antechamber for a full hour, sent in to the minister the following note :—" MM. A. and 8., deputies, have come on the day and hour fixed by the minister to have an audience of him. They have waited an hour in vain, and have retired." I can gua rantee to you the authenticity of this fact. Thus the representatives of the people are worse treated by the government than common individuals. The first can go to the ministers on any day ; the depu ties are limited to fixed days; and then they are obliged to wait till the common herd of solicitors is dismissed, and the queue of applicants exhausted. Such is the respect shown by the government for that one of the "great bodies of the state" issued from universal suffrage. Meanwhile the unfortunate deputies, besides being subjected to these affronts, have to consider their unremunerated services. Nothing can exceed the bitterness with which the poorer representatives compinin of their lot. They see senators swallowing pensions of 30,000 f., and are not even allowed the old daily stipend of 23f. I heard one of them complain that he had done for himself by becoming a deputy. His con stituents he said overwhelmed him with un paid letters ; ho ruined himself in cabs, gloves, visits, and leas de repr;sentation he Illvos on the trot all day about the affairs of his de pertinent, and had not a moment to giro to the pro helm of the bar, by which ho had heretofore real. hod a decent competency. And all this while the montors, who bad nothing whatever to do, were gorged with princely incomes! It is announced that bills for the construction of the Cherbourg Railway and of that from Bordeaux to Cette will shortly be laid before the Council of State. Apropos of the Cherbourg Railway, a " mot" is attributed to the President upon the occasion of a recent reception at the Elysee of a deputation in fa vour of the line, headed by M do Tocqueville. On seeing for the first time since Dec. 2 the eminent advocate of representative government in his pre sence, the President said " I see with pleasure, M. de Toequeville, that railways bring men together." M. N ictor Hugo, jun., hcs addressed the following letter to the Siiete: I have just seen in the Ind, , peridance of Brussels that the raiment has remitted the remaining four months of the ijsisammsat to which I had been condemned. The pun- MMS ifilieted on my father and on my friend, Paul who is still undergoing confinement for an article slimed by me alone, prevents me from accepting a pardon stick I have in no way solicited. A_ telegraphic despatch from Toulon states that Ihematla Bauchart had spent the lath at Fort . Ile has ordered the discharge from cus tody 760 persons belonging to the department of the Buses-Alpes out of 279, condemned to trans portation. The Bulletin des Lois publishes three decrees di viding the credits granted for the expenses of the Ministries of Justice, Marine, and Finances during 1832. The credit accorded to the Ministry of Justice amounts to 26,415,634 fr. ; last year it was 26,569,345 fr. The de crease arises from the fact that the ezpenses of the Council of 84ate are no longer included is the budget of the Misr of Justice. Them expenses amounted to MOW Consequently the actual credit, instead of Ulm diminished, eontains an increase of 724,299 fr. lfles emmtA of 117,225,778 f. in the budgets of the Ministry of the Marine and Colonies exceeds that of last year by 36.7.11,046 f. The principal increase arises from the salary of the ministry, which was raised from 48,000 f. to 100,000 f. ; from those of the directives and ersip/oyis raised from 830,700 f. to 713,567 f.; from the provisWas, which had increased sairarly 3 millions, and on the colonial service. The third audit published in the Bulletin des Lois is one of 114b,936,899f., granted to the Ministry of the Finance for the year 1852. In the year 1851 the amount win only 037,575,930 f. This increase of nearly 10 millions prium. pilly bean on the service of the public debt, which has risen sham 391,160,780 f. to 394,368,433 f., and on the general ismien, which has advanced from 16,595,860 f to 18,497,000 f. The Monitear publishes the text of the bill now be fore the Corps Legislatifforremodellingthelawrelative Lathe " rehabilitation of persons who have been con densed by courts of justice." The new bill proposes to sepal the decree of the provisional government, to akso _that clause of it which places misdemeanours srModes upon the same footing, but to restore the of imperial legislation, and to re-establish 'lotion by judicial trial, subject to the appro bation of the President. It is understood that the asthma proposal of the government was to place the =ive solely in the President's hands, but that eh ' er, in a set et sitting of the council of state, Mk se esergetia a speech in support of the jurisdic tions emoded hew, that M. Abbatucci gave way. Ibe 1111 abaft do dam within which rehabilitation mg be panted to lie jams Goa the expiration of do sea boes is MISS cillarar. awl three in mead obbroaleava It Wows Ibeambitisa, in the first ewe; dampers' toilsome Is do some arrondiese- I meat, Lei in the next of dew roes. To avoid painkl psblicity, public adeortimmonts, hitherto re quire& are to be dispensed with. M. Poisat, a deputy for the Ain under Louis Phi lippe, has written a letter to the Debate against the Copper Coinage Bill in an unusually bold strain of opposition. He refers to the part taken by him in throw- Logout asimilarbill in 1843. He continues tohold the e a ri=hichhe Geo frankly expressed, that " the little satiefeetion • of replacing unpalatable effi gies by a new image is no compensation for the in convesimice of the museare. He thinks the diminu tion in the intrinde nine of the coin a great temp lates to forgery, against which the vaunted artistic aft to be displayed is no sufficient guard. He, moreover, prophecies that the poor will not be per suaded to part with their old copper coins for new ones of much less weight, and that the same hostile feeling will be manifested which caused the repeal of the law tampering with the coinage of the 111. Thermidor. The friends of M. Fr. Arago are painfully divided in opinion upon the question whether ho ought to take the oath required by the constitution. Should he decide not to do so, he will lose his place u Di rector of the Observatory, and his private fortune is very small. Five thousand plates for officers schakoe have been ordered front a manufacturer of the Marais, bearing the eagle, with a space left for a crown. At the Bourse the Four-and-a-Halfs closed without change at 101.20. • the Threes closed also without change at 72.20. Itailways were firm. Orleans rose 33; Central, 20; Bordeaux, 11.23; Tours and Nantes, 10. nrsosy EYZNINO. Marshal Gerard, the hopelessness of whose reco very' from sickness I announced to you a few days ago, died yesterday afternoon. Ile had been for the eighteen hours preceding his death in a state of un consciousness ; but the members of his familyiar.ro niained by his bed until ho breathed his last. shal Gerard was in his 80th year. lie is the fourth marshal whom France has lost during the last few months. Sault, Sebastiani, Nlarmont, preceded him at short intervals to the grave. The death of the last left Gerard, who received his baton immediately on the accession of Louis Philippe,l doyen of the marshalls. Marshal Reille, created in ' 1 1847, succeeds to this rank. You will remember that Gerard commanded a division of Grouchy's corps in the emperor's last campaign. Hearing the roar of daimon in the direction of Waterloo, ho made earnest attempts to persuade Grouchy to march in that direction to join the emperor, and the deaf ear that his commanding officer turned to his urgent appeal is deplored by M. de Lamartine, the latest historian of that bloody field. k THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, APRIL 19, 1852. iirstlng vessiwal no hide newspapers to-day millhimitt . w i af at dlio pad-aims as to dm cause of y. I received for assert that orders i2Mrre;i from M. de Maupas to mad all the journals received from abroad to the ministry of police. Whether this extraordinary obstruction of l intergenee hem continue, or is merely an exceptional measure, I have no means of knowing. In all cases it implies a brazen-faced defiance of the public, and I contempt of their convenience. Thousands of people are to-day prohibited, by this not of despotism, unex ampled at Vienna or St. Petersburg, from reading the taws of Italy, Belgium, Germany, and England. For some time past great irregularity has been experienced in the d i stribution of foreign the greater part of which, particularly those ronelgium and Switzerland, are kept back till their intelligence is out of date. I mentioned a day or two ago a semi-official article of a menacing cha racter directed against those foreign journals which are not included in the "base exception" of pane gyrist* of the rule of M. Louis Bonaparte. That it seems was the cloud portending . a storm, of which the newspaper-re:xis of to-day is possibly the first taste. Evidently the system of terror, on which the present government leans, is, instea d of relaxing, growing more intense. Discontent multiplies, and in proportion must be multipled the pressure which coerces all complaint. No class escapes the vexa tious activity of the government, whose iron hand pinches in all directions, and smites all who groan uuder the infliction. Bat of all the fantastic schemes afoot, tho debasement of the copper coinage is that which will most completely depopularise the President, whose effigy is to be spread by this means. What peasant throughout France will ho brought to understand lhow he can suffer aught but loss by being forced to give up a penn w e i ghs weighs an ounce, to receive in tarn ono that only half an ounce. What better argument against the government de facto would the factions of pretenders desire to put in the hands of all Frenchmen than this dwarfed copper piece, whims is to penetrate everywhere. A govern ment that shows so little policy in its reforms is likely, at no very distant period, to afford a gratifying spectacle to its enemies by making use of the rope allowed it in the manner they most desire. Hence, there is little tendency towards fresh adhesions on the part of important men. The gorses afforded out of the public pocket to senatorial innecuresnee unenvied by the prudent in proportion to tho smothered in dignation of the oppressed tax-pryer. The Gazette de Frankfurt has been seized to-day. The papers detained at the ministry of police have been distributed in the afternoon. Among the reports relative to the coming empire, one his reached me to-day which deserves notice. I have already stated that at the review on the 10th of May the army is expected to proclaim Louis Napo leon emperor by acclamation ; that the President would then make a speech, thanking the army for their demonstrations of devotion, as the echo of the nation's longing to see the supreme power settled upon a durable base, but adjourning the solution of the question. After the cere mony of this day petitions for the empire are to be pushed in every quarter by the prefects, to whom, by the way, M. de Pcrsigny ad dresses this day a circular to set their zeal on the alert. The same energy of propulsion by which the mistral government canvassed petitions for the revi don of the constitution, is to drive the provincial beads to sign petitions for the establishment of the maim Not without an eye to the main chance did dot framer of tho constitution make the Senate the Interpreter of petitions. The wishes of the people, soostrued by the feed courtiers of the President, pave 6e imperial way to hereditary absolutism with Int ease. Whatever the head of the state wants b done by the simplest mechanism—petitions inter 'tested by the Senate. Of course this liveried corps of paid patricians will represent the empire as the unanimous wish of France. Thus was the operation conducted under the consulate. An appeal will then be made to the people. It will be shown in this that no other government remains for France but that of Louis Napoleon, which has already received the sanction of universal suffrage, at the hereditary royalty which has been thrice ex pelled. Tho question would be then put between flee empire and the legitimate monarchy. Thus would universal suffrage be made an engine for an aihilating the pretensions of the Orleans family, and i 4 as the President doubts not, the result of the vote were in his favour, it would be regarded as the defi nitive substitution of the Bonaparte family for tho elder branch of the Bourbons, and as the consecration of the hereditary principle in favour of the heirs of the emperor. Such is the account given to me from a credible source of the plan of the campaign for carry ing the empire, which seems based one bold and adroit manoeuvre for crushing, with the same blow, the rival pretensions of the Bourbon branches. General Magaan appoints among the leading offi cers in the army commissioners who are charged to prepare and execute the principal measures of the fete of May 10. I understand that the general rated at about £12,000 the total expense. On venturing to give this estimate he was told, I hear, by one of the commissioners that this fete ought to mark an epoch in the soldier's life, and each man should con sequently receive an abundant ration. For this per rose nearly double the sum would be necessary. Such is now the notion of military enjoyment. A pretty general feeling of alarm pervades the capital as to the upshot of the big day of May 10. The families of citizens who yet quake at the recol lection of the appalling days of December dread the excesses to which a soldiery inflamed by copious libations and imperialist fanaticism may be, perhaps by accident, betrayed. Several families, influenced by these apprehensions, are about to quit Paris be fore the day of the fete. The sixth annual meeting of the "Creches" society of Paris has just been held in the Salle Sainte Cecile. The Cardinal Archbishop of Bordeaux pre sided. This admirable charity, yet in its infancy, was founded in Paris only seven years ago, by M. Marbeau, and has more than realised the most san guine expectations that were formed of its success. A " Creche" is a public nursery, where poor women who gain their livelihood by working . away from their homes may leave their children during the day time. Before the institution of these societies hau -1 dreds of mothers found themselves placed in the cruel alternative of being obliged to devote their whole time to the care of their infants, or of leaving them for hours together in a miserably neglected state, while working out of doors for daily bread. There are now twenty : five " Creches" in Paris; they arc ?pen from five in the morning till eight in the evening. Babies of the tenderest age are re ceived, and the mothers can call at any time to suckle them. Children old enough to be 1eft41 . 41:4 without the mother are properly fed, and attended to by nurses of the establish ment. It is a rule without exception that every child must be taken to its mother's home in the evening. Medical attendance is provided, and no sick children are admitted. Tho greater part of the expenees are raised by voluntary contributions. l But as that which costs nothing is generally little valued, and as, moreover, the mother who is enabled to go to her work by these institution* may reason ably be expected to pay something towards them, the rules require every mother to pay ono fifth part of the estimated expense of her child, or about 2d. a day. In particular cases, where the mother cannot milord this, the payment is dispensed with, but pri vately, in order that the mother may not lose her self-respect. So useful have these establishments been found that in 18.51 the 25 creches of Paris re ceived 160,000 children. M. hlarbeau, in his speech at the meeting, said, with the just pride of a founder, that whatever doubts might at first have been enter tained of the success of the principle, it is now de monstrated by seven years' experience in all climates that children of tender years may be brought up together in public nurseries, sad that the fact is a new truth proved for the benefit of humanity. Nothing can be more interesting than a visit to a creche. There is one in the Rue St. Lazare, where nearly one hundred little creatures are daily . received. Tho most scrupulous cleanliness is ensured by frequent visits of the ladies patronesses, and this cleanliness has its good effect not only in promoting the present well being of the child, but in setting an example which the mother is encouraged to follow at home. M. Marbesu stated I that creches have spread from Paris to every part of the world. There are eight in Vienna, and several lat Milan. lam not aware that any exist in London, but it can scarcely be doubted that the poor there would find them welcome additions to the baths and wash-houses. I mark IS • serious bistoriced d 0... following het d a recantation which tbe4 vet. prisoners laths south of France have been sign by the, ra ce commissioner, K. Quentin Ben ched, before clemency of the Pcsaident could be extended : Irr the&Wen then I eterpt with pe eked* the perms seamed MS 1 / 7 the Pelee President of the Republic if the penalty of espehien dem Peres, to which I was sandlemamed by the mixed sommiselen, mad 1 erimwow Is Imbibe es any mend meisty, sever again esapy remit Wei peat* and to be effthrtal to the go mamma whisk Prime never Iwnelf by the votes et 2eth and 21st Dee., 1861. 1 a d s minim to evaders as a person under "sierveillance," te the seder. et the antheeisim The oaths and promises to which the government now professes to attach so much value are exacted to an extent that becomes truly ridiculous. If it be thought fit to set at nought the maxim that a pro , mime extorted by duress is not binding. surely care should be taken not to impose promises which no free men ought to make. What anomaly can be more striking than a government whose daily boast is that it rests upon universal suffrage, calling upon any class of citizens not to interfere in politics? As if it were not the plain duty as well as privilege of every member of society, and a professedly demo cratic society especially—to take part according to his leisure and capacity in public affairs. Orders have been sent to several prefects in the south of France to send no more political exiles into Belgium, but only to England. Some few from some of the provinces are to be sent into Spain, but upon condition of proving their means of existence, and undertaking not to reside near the frontier. Two newspapers in the department of the Gironde, the Journal du Peuple and the Courrier tie la Gi ronde, have been seized. A leading article in the Public states that incen diary fires arc occurring in the provinces to an alarm ing extent. According to this journal, tho news papers have refrained from giving publicity to these fires for fear of alarming the public mind; but the fact has now become so notorious that all attempts at concealment would be useless. It attributes these fires to the socialists, who, finding themselves stripped of their muskets by the firmness of the government, betake themselves to fire as the last resource of war. The Public, however, is evidently disposed to exag gerate the extent and importance of these fires in order to enhance the merits of the coup Vied, and probably, according to the logic of its party, to prove the necessity of the empire. It is true that some , state forests have been set on fire in the Haut Rhin, and the prefect of that department has issued a cir cular upon the subject to the gendarmerie. But I have no reason to believe in the existence of anycuch systematic and widely-spread incendiary conspiracy as the Public would represent. The Moniker contains a decree by M. Bineau, in the name of the President of the Republic, re ducing from 4 to 3 per cent therate of dis count allowed to parties who pay in cash the customs duties on imports when the sum to be received exceeds 6:lofr.,the salt duty, the duty upon indigenous sugars, and the beer duty. This decree will take effect from and after July 1, 1832. It is said to be certain that the renewed com mercial treaty between Franco and Belgium will contain a clause for putting down the literary piracy of which French authors have so long complained. SPAIN. MADRID, Aram 13. The Epora announces that on the return of the court from Aranjuez General Pavia will be made director-general of the staff, in place of General Sane, ' who will be called to another important post. The works on the Aranjuez Railway are actively going on. More than 5,000 hands are at work upon it. It is expected that the first section will be finished in time to be inspected by the Queen before her return to Madrid. TURKEY. Letters of April v from Constantinople in the Con stitgt • m• I say that much anxiety was felt in that captal on account of the movements of troops in the neighbourhood of the Moldo-Wallachian provinces, and of the presence of the Emperor Nicholas in Bessarabia, where he was passing sonic grand reviews. The Divan did not, however, appear to share the apprehensions of the public. Fuad Effendi left for Alexandria on March 27, taking with him only his son, his private secretary, and his physician. He will be able to announce to the viceroy the dismissal of the three pachas who left his service to obtain office under the Sultan. Their appointment was one of the grievances which Abbas Mims complained. It seems that under ex isting circumstances the Porte is anxious to be on the right side so far as relates to all acts of courtesy, in order that in ease of a rupture it may have nothing to reproach itself with. The French admiral, Remain Desfosses, with all his staff, has had an audience with the Sultan. Abdul-Meschid expressed a hope that be would prolong his stay at Constantinople. He gave orders that he should everywhere be received with the honours due to his rank. A grand review by the Sultan was talked of, to which the admiral would be invited. In the meantime, he was visited on board the Pandora by Mehemet Ali, the grand admiral and brother-in-law of the Sultan. A terri ble accident has occurred to one of the boats of the Pandora. Sixteen men were going on shore, when one of the numerous steamers or the Bosphorus ran into them ,and cut their boat in two. All the men went into the water, one of them was drowned, and a midshipman was wounded by the paddles of the steamer. The government at once sent to Admiral Desfosses to express regret for the accident, and to inquire whether the captain of the steamer was to blame. EGYPT. The Debats states that the railway which has now been marked out throughout the line, is being ac tively proceeded with at three of the principal points, namely, Alexandri, Benha-el-Assal, and at Cairo. Fuad Effendi arrived, in Alexandria on April 2, and at Cairo on the 4th. GENEItAL MANZILLA. TO TIM EDITOR OF TUB EXPILIOIS. Sta,—On my arrival in London I noticed in your ?ran t ada4atr: acco u nt the t pro c eedin g slnoe t ha t A he lrm t tee wte! ) e l i e irc e e e r the ain statements were made calculated to injure ' the hitherto un impeachable ehkracter of General Mantilla. Amongst others, that the said officer " was left in charge of the city (Buena Ayres), to protect it from plunder, Ac. ;" that out rages were committed to greatextont ; and on a representa tion being made to General Urquiza, at which he was much astonished, he despatched =order to seize Mantilla, and shoot him immediately. Your correspondent, I am willing to believe, unintentionally has mistaken the facts. Allow me to rectify the errors. Bo far from General Manilla having been ordered to be shot, he gave up the city_ on the morning of the 4th to the troops of Umtata under the command of Colonel Virasove, then e mbarked, and afterwards received a passport by the orders of General Urquiza himself. And as for the "representation," Urquita might be well astonished, as it came from General Mantilla himself. The insinuation that General Mantilla permitted the plunder of his own native city, in whose service he has passed nearly half a century, where he had his family and ' property, is too absurd tube credited. I enclose a pamphlet containing the opinions of several of the most respectable inhabitants of Buenos Ayres, es also those of the corn . =Landers of the French station off that city. Another error is, that he " sought protection under the British flag." He embarked on board the French steamer of war Flambort— . I, his eon, was with him. You likewise state that General Menials is going to Spain, with some " crotchet " in his head, to offer Buenos Ayres to a SNinish Prince. Crotchet, indeed ! — fora man who assisted to overthrow the Spanish power in South America. Trusting that you will kindly give insertion to this plain statement of the facto, I remain, sir, your obedient servant, LUCID MANZILLA, Jun. Mivart's Hotel, April 17, 1852. Tint INDIAN MAIL.—On Saturday (as stattd in that day's Erpress), the Bentinck, Captain Kellock ; Admiralty agent, Lieutenant Hay, R.N. ; arrived at Southampton with the hoary portion of the Indian mail. The arrival of the homeward mail three days before the departure of the outward one, never happened before. the masthead of the Bentinck was decorated, and the band on board played as she entered the dock, to celebrate the quickest voyage on record. She brought, besides the mail, a large cargo, and nearly 120 passengers. Amongst the lat ter were Chief Justice Hulme, Brigadier-General Dyce, Lady Buller, from India, and some portion of the family and establishment of the British consul in Egypt. The Dentin& brings news that the crews of the Egyptian fleet had been sent from Alexandria I. work on the railroad now in progress of construction between Alexandria and Cairo. WM.'. ships Britannia, Trafalgar, Ceylon, Firebrand,Spit tire, and Oberon were at Malta. The Bellerophon was on a cruise, supposed to be to Tunis. The Vengeance, Terrible, and Janus were at Gibraltar. The serew-steamer, Madras, which left Southampton on the 29th ult., was passed off Pantallaria on the 9th instant. AMERICA. (IT 11..PCTRIC TILEOILAPII.) • LIVERPOOL, Aran. 19. The steamship Europa arrived here this morning ' at 1 o'clock. Her news is four days later. Date, New York, April 7. The Baltic arrived at New York on the 24th ult. The Europa brings 4,500 dollars in specie. In the Senate, on the sth inst., the compromise resolutions passed. A riot at St. Louis, attendant upon an election, resulted in the death of six persons. A large number of persons had been killed by two steamboat explosions. Further troubles had occurred in Ecuador. The Bolivia had arrived at Panama with 6t443,500 dollars in specie. The Prometheus was at New York with 300,000 dollars in gold dust. Business was still in a flourishing cmdition. Stocks were in good demand, at advancing prices. The exportation of specie was not active, in conse quence of the rates of exchange on Europe. Money was plentiful in New York. Breadstuffs are dull, at receding prices. Western Canal Flour, 4 dole. 371 c. to 4 dols. 30c., steady ; Gennesseo prime Wheat, 108 to 110 per 60Ibs. Sales nominal. Indian Corn, round yellow, titie. to 70c. per bushel. There is much activity in the cotton market at New York. Prices continue upwards in tendency. New Orleans and Mobile, raid. fair to fair, 04 to 01e. per lb., or a rise of e tc. A similar advence took place in Uplands, which were last quoted at 81 to 8;c. per lb. Thu excess of receipts now amounts to 450,000 ' bales. Freights scarce, owing to the absence of a demand ' for breadstuff, and rates were a little lower. Exchange on London, 1001 to 1091 (not well sus ' tained) ; I'aris, 5.20; Hamburg, 331 ; Bremen, 771 to 1. tbt Court. WINDSOIt, Arum 17. The following had the honour of dining at the royal table yesterday : the Duchess of Kent, Prince Leo pold of Saxe-Coburg, the Lady in Waiting to the Duchess of Kent, the Baroness de Speth. the Earl of Derby, Lady Emily Seymour, and Colonel Puget, Commanding Officer 2nd Battalion Coldstream Guards. The Queen and Prince, accompanied by Prince Leo pold of time Coburg, rode out on honieba k, yesterday afternoon, attended by the Countess of Desert and the equerries in waiting. The Earl of Derby arrived yesterday on a visit to her Majesty, and left the Castle this forenoon. The Prince of Wales, the Princess Royal, and younger members of the royal family, took their usual exercise this morning. The Queen and Prince, accompanied by Prince Leopold of Saxe Coburg, and attended by Lady 'Desert, the lion. Beatrice Byug, Lord Colville, and Col F. 11. Seymour, drove out this afternoon in two open carriages. The royal party proceeded to (Wilms, and returned to the Castle by Dropmore about 7 p m. The additions to the royal dinner party to-day were the Duchess of Kent, l'rince Leopold of Saxe Coburg, the lady in waiting to her royal highness, the Baroness de Speth, and Col. the lion. Charles and Mrs. Grey. WINDSOR, Arun. 18. Iter Majesty, Prince Albert, the l'rioce of Wales, the Princess Royal, with the Duchess of Kent, the ladies and gentlemen of the Court, and the domestic household, at tended Divine Service this morning in the private chapel of the Castle. The lion. and 11ev. (1. Wellesley, officiated. A Cabinet Council was held on Saturday afternoon at the Foreign-office. It was attended by the Earl of Derby, the Lord Chancellor, the Marquis of Salle bury, Mr. Secretary Walpole, the Earl of Mulmea bury, Sir John Pakington, the Chancellor of the Ex chequer, the Duke of Northumberland, the Right Hon. J. W. Henley, the Earl of I lardsvicke, the Right Hon. J. C. Herries, and Lord John Manners. The council at one hour and a half. Captain Stanlcy Cur, Chairman of the Committee of Australian Colonists, had an interview with Sir John Pa. kinaton on Saturday at the Colonial-office. The Earl of Derby returned to town on Saturday after noon from Windsor Castle. Lieut.-Colonel Ilanmer had an interview with the Chan cellor o f the Exchequer on Saturday at his o ffi cial residence . . . in Downing-street. The Duke of Wellington attended the early service yes terday in the Chapel Royal, St The Rev. Dr. Wesley officiated and preached the sermon. At the daily service the communion service was read by the Bishop of London, and the sermon was preached by the Rev. Mr. Monson. RIGHT OF JEWS TO SIT LN P, JUDGMENT. COURT OF EXCHEQUER.—THIS DAY. MILLER T. SALOXONS. At the sitting of the court this morning the learned judges gave their decision in this case, which, it will be recollected, was an action against Alderman Salomon, fur the recovery of penalties for having sat and voted in the House of Commons, without having taken the oaths re quired of law. The court was very much crowded. Baron Martin delivered his judgment first, and, a ft er sta ting the facts of the case, said, that although in the act of parliament the name of King George 111. was mentioned, the oath was to be taken in the reign of all his successors. There was no doubt that British subjects of the Jewish per- suasion had always been in the habit of swearing such an oath as was binding upon their conscience, and all the judges long ago decided that the proper oath to be taken by a party should he most binding on his conscience, and related to the substance rather than the form of the oath, and the statute of George 111. must be taken in the same SCUM The words "on the true faith of a Christian," were first ins teednised in the statute of Elisabeth for the purpose of pm weatiag Itoman catholic,, Romish recusants, to do any es thing against thep rotestant crown, and in that semi weld not be sup to apply to persons who differed Ewa the peoteetant re • 5 ion. At the time of Elizabeth the Jews 1 W been banish from the country, and the oath could bfielberefore have been framed to guard against them, or to , Write it obligatory on them to take the oath oa the true lea of a Christian. The only oatk imposed by the ROW saga law of the land was the oath of allegiaaar, end Al tot make it imperative to swear on the true faith of a Christian. In his (Baron Martin's) opinion, sew cording to the recent statutes, it was essential tam say person being a Jew could not vote for a member of parliament if be refused to take the oath of abjuration, and with the words on the " true faith of a Christian," but he did net think that the words applied to members of tho legislature, and that the words had been introduced to apply to the Roman catholic,, and not to the Jews because it was a manifest . absurdity that a Jew should be called upon to swear on the true faith of a Christian, and, therefore, he thought a wide latitude of inter pretation should be given in looking at the words of the statute, and he was of opinion that as the oath as taken by the defendant was the form most binding on his con science, that was the mode in which he most conformed with the law, and he therefore was of opinion that judg ment ought to be entered for the defendant. Mr. Baron Alderson differed in the opinion expressed by his learned brother, and thought that the judgment of the ' wrest should be entered for the plaintiff, until the form was Owes* net emir ths, oath but the form of it must be fol lowed es peaMbsi, and the exact words must be taken to the eath. If that were not the intention of the tare, they would have said the oath should be taken IR MR effect and substance following, and, therefore, until the words, "on the true faith of a Christian," were re- nreind_ , it was essential that they form part of the oath. The Inesed baron then referred to the words of the acts of par drieent bearing on the case, and expressed it as his opinion that it was the intentioa of the legislature that the words " On the true faith of a Christian," formed part of the oath, ' and that it was therefore essential that the person taking the oath should do so with these words; otherwise the act of parliament could not be said to have been complied with. His opinion, therefore, was that judgment must be for the plaintiff, although he came to that opinion with great regret as an expounder of the law., and he hoped some legis lative provision would be made to alter the law. Mr. Baron Parke thought the qucstiou turned on the point whether the words were to be taken as part of the oath, or as a part of the form in which the oath was to be taken. lie was of opinion that the words formed part of the oath, and that the oath could not be taken unless these words were also taken as a pert of it, and it was char to him that every member of parliament must therefore take them or be liable to the penalties. He thought that at the time the oath was framed the legislature did not contemplate the admission of Jews into parliament, and as the laws stood the doors of both houses were closed against Jews as much as they were against Mahomedans, and that the two , houses must be composed of Christians. To dispense with I the words of the oath would, on the part of the judge, be to legislate, and not to expound the law. lie was, there fore, clear that the judgmeat should be for the plaintiff. The Lord Chief Baron said that it could not be doubted that the oath uust be taken in the very form and words pre scribed by the act. A judicial oath was an oath of all na tions and climate', and might be administered in the form most binding en the conscience, but an oath of office must be regulated by the municipal law of the country in which it is taken. Where the meaning of is statute was plain and clear, whether it was politic and wise or no, it was their (the judges) duty to administer it, and if they de viated from that course they would he abandoning their duty as judges, and assuming the functions of the legisla ture, and therefore judgment must go for the plaintiff. lIER MAJESTY'S MINISTERS AT GOLD -BMITIIS' HALL. • On Saturday night the Worshipful Coat ay Goldsmiths entertained her Majesty', ministers an m d a ilis. ej rigu j e h e d party in their magnificent hall. Among th e guests were the Earl of Derby, the Duke of North eei t„ . land, the Marquis of Salisbury, the Marquis of Downshi re the Earl of Harass icke, Earl tie Grey, the earl of Wilms, the Earl of Verulam, Viwoutit Newport, Viscount Ilan dingc, the Bishop of London, the Chancellor of the quer, Mr. Walpole Sir JOllll Pakingten, Mr. Etensford, Mr. Henley, the judge Advocate Ueneral, the Lord Chief Baron, Mr. JklbeiCe Cr 1,74 1 ,101, lion. C.iil Forester, th e AttorneysOeneral, the Master of the Mint, Sir J, Y. Buller, Sir William Jolliffe, the President of the Royal Acade m e Mr. Alderman Thompson, Mr. Masternu,u, :11.1'.,:11.1'.,. Arkwright, Mr. Newdegate, Mr. Freshfiehl, Mr. Cotton. Mr. Astell, Captain Daniell, Colonel Bintisteird, Mr. cu t . ley, Colonel Hay, Mr. Ilardwiek, Mr. B. shin, and shout 11$) other guests. ■ L'lsurds . ' - - The entertainment was pros ided by Missrs. Ring ac,l Burner, of Cornhill, nail th , decorations of the tables, the splendid display of ancient and costly plate on Th . , buffet+ and sideboards, gave ample evidence of the wealth and splendour of this ancient nod lionouiable company The band of the Coldstream Guards were in attend:me, I: h r a in ir se o. ‘ a Wa t r h d e e u n s , p and performed it variety of popular music during the hie ' . " l'rince Albert, the Prior* of Wales, mole, oetag re nu ; : o pQ. f ieud' tl e i ht i n • le''e- royal family," basing here gin. 11 from the 64 the Prime Warden gave "The Lord Belem of the be, cow ;" then "the Army and Navy," which by the Duke of Northumberland cud Viseould lhanlinet. The CIIAIRMAN then goon the "Health their brother goldsmith, the Earl of Derby," and 1111.1pled with it her Majesty's ministers. (Loud and continued elle. nor ) The Earl of DERBY said—Mr. Prime Woe!. is, my lords, and gentlemen, gratifying so it mud hr at to a public man to be received on any oceasuni with marks of cordiality and good will no those with •li,a h have honoured me di-night, I must confess !hat it is p s . liarly gratifying to me to receive the elm, 5,,,,s , i 1 kindness on the present occasion from the lips of :in 1 friend, for whom I have always entertained a sin re sonal regard, and to whom I owe a s; saes of qualited “:.,. glance in the capacity of prime warden of this timpani— I • laughter l (greatand cheering)—an d I UM 1, atieulerl) fort, tied that another friend sear me lies done honour the profession to which he belongs, and also to the laid company whose hospitality we' enjoy, and it inc.. oliarly icrs. tiqing to me, that I appear here, not only in the capasity of Pint Lord of her Majesty's Treasury. I at also i n a capacity which I hardly value and pride my sa It upon bee that of being truly aiwayed, and having been for eery many years a brother goldsmith and intuitive of this ace b et and loyal corporation, which has hardly 1,. rn less di tin guished for its wealth, and standing, and en a t im ig ,m,„, , than, as has been observed by my noble friend, tb, Lord of the Admiralty, fur its loyalty and maintenance : of the institutions of the country, or, as was obsensal Ly the right reverend prelate, who spoke early in the cr., fee the attention which it has always paid to the cimeater of our institutions, and more especially those crams-tee with the religious establishments of the country. (Chi, r. ) Gentlemen, in taking office at the present time, ay.! taking office, indeed,. at any time, 1 am deeply seusati , the load of responsifelity which attaches to any M 43. I At I feel that my noble friend has only done me and my colleagues justice in saying that, in taking upon us the responsibility of that dike, we SC re actuated by no feelings and no motives except tlum• of dcsirirat tom seientiously, and to the best Of our ability, to discharge the onerous duties which were imposed upon us. (Hear. Mar.) Among the strange revelations and strange changes whnli have taken place, perhaps few are calculated to produce so great an effect—few have produced so great a helm; of astonishment and wonder, as the recent discovery is varcou queue re of the world of that which was hertdiene (lend as the precious metal—that which is the staple of the industry of your craft. Hitherto that metal heal been era sidered as confined to a very limited spate, and to quarters capable of small extension, and spread over a very small portion of the world ; but suddeely, to the astinishment of the world, in various distant regions, at one and the same time, it was pouring in upon tis with a profusion astonisluag to all classes and all ranks, the effect of which it is ilitficuittu foresee, but it is not difficult to say that it must work estrange and extraordinary revolution in the system of society. But, gentlemen, it is nut only in regard to the discovery of old that new resources have been opened up to UP. 1.. p to within a very short time there existed with regard to cold a popular delusion that the field of statesmen and of titian' wan almost as limited. It was supposed that the crop of statesmen was one of very limited mouth for which, if you were supposed to dig, you must dig in certain favoured localities, and confine your search to them. (Laughter and cheering.) 1 am happy to think, eenfie men, that I have been in some degree instrumental in dispelling that illusion. (Loud cheers.) The formate adventurer, who was henoure 4 by the commission of her Majesty to do the best he could for her service, has na tured boldly to open a new mine, and 1 am happy to sly, that in the opinion of competent judges, so far an it las been worked, the ore raised has contained as large a propor tion of sterling metal, with as little admixture of dross as my ever drawn from the old and exclusives mines to which they were formerly confined. (Cheers.) Gentlemen. to speak seriously, the Prime Warden has told you that he is convinced, and be has done us justice in saying no, that we came forward, not as the advocates and supporters of any particular interest, but feeling deeply our responsibi lity to maintain and uphold all the great interests of the country, which, if any one suffers, it must affect the others more or less. (Hear, hear.) We feel that it is not our duty to bo protectors of this or that craft; hut the protectors, and defenders, and upholders of the whole ; and by maintaining and encouraging the industry of the country—by upholding and supporting the law, we shall afford the best encouragement to the industry of (ray denomivation, and maintain the integrity of the institu tions of this country, whether in church or state. This we shall do by maintaining inviolate the constitution, and up holding the religious liberties of this country and the rights of the protestant religion from whatever ;miner assailed—(loud cheering)—by such a course, whither assaulted at home or abroad, permitting neither assmit nor insult on the pact of anybody, we feel assured that we shall best discharge the arduous duties east upon us, air: best warrant the confidence reposed in us by our {readouts we reign, and best merit the confidence and support of that people, over whose interests we are bound to watch— (applause)—and, gentlemen, whether out course be long or short, to recur again to the metaphor that has been used, it is our hope and tenet, as it will be our exertion to secure, that when our career is closed, the country will have no right to regret having subjected so to this our first assay. The noble lord resumed his seat amidst loud cheering. The PRIME WARDEN then gave " The Marquis of Salisbury and the House of Peers," to which the Marquis of Salisbury returned thanks. The next toast was " The Chancellor of the Exchequer and the House of Commons." The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER briefly ac knowledged the compliment. Ilia address was eutiniy de void of any political allusions, and was merely a reeogno non of the compliment paid him. The bealtha of " The Judges," " The Prime Warden and the Wardens of the Goldsmiths' Company," "Earl de Grey," " Her Majesty's Attorney - General and the Bar. ' been given and duly responded to, the company broke up shortly before 11 o'clock. ARRIVAL OP THE. WASUINGTON.—The American Ocean steamer Washington arrived off Cowes yesterday morning • she was obliged to go up to Southamp ton. to take in ce;als, previous to her going on to Bremen. She n countered one of the largest fields of ice ever known, otf Sable Bank, and was 24 hours before she got clear of it. 1../EPARTURE OF THE P.tItANA.-11c I'amna, the second new gigantic West India steamer, left Southampton on Saturday with the West India and Pacific wilt. She is commanded by Captain Rivett, who has been promoted to one of the large steamers in consequence of the death of the unfortunate Captain Symons, who was lost in the Amazon. The Parana hail 1,117 tons of coal on hegira when she started from Southampton ; she took out 2:so about GO passengers. Amongst her cargo was specie to the vats. of 12,000 f. Iler destination is Chagres tiny Town. EXTENSIVE FIRE IN PICCADILLY. —Yesterday morning, at a few minutes before 1 o'clock, a fire. involving the destruction of many hundred pounds' worth of properly broke out in the eatensive premises belonging to Mr llill, camp equipage and wholesale trunk manufacturer. s, tuate at 212, Piccadilly. The flames miirinated trim some unknown cause in the manufactory, behind the dwellice house ; and, owing to the large quantity of stock in the place, the fire extended with more than usual rapidity and the flames shot through the different windows. sail alts from the roof, to the danger of every building near. Nw onerous engines of the London brigade, West of Ended , and St. Ann's parish, were soon on the spot. Before, hog' ever, the firemen had time to reach the premises. the Names rushed from the factory into the private residence, silth 4 the third floor in a blaze. Fortunately, a liberal w ryly is water was procured from the mains of the W a nd liming Company, M and the engines being manned be nearly ut hired auxiliaries, copious s t rea ms were scattered th e burning mass. After sonic hours' hard working. tlw them were eventually extinguished. The damage done I. thus officially returned by Mr. li ra idwood, the superintendent of the London fire engine establishment : " Sunday. Aril 18, 18,52, half-past 12, a. m.—Called to a tire at :dr. trunk manufactory. in Piccadilly. Two floors of the wo! . ' . shops are completely burned out, the roof o ff , rest of bui4 ing and contents damaged by water, &e. Insured in the Sun Fire-office. The third floor of house bonc a " 1 —insured in the Sun office. Mr. Thos. Stillman. surreal: contents not insured ; back of windows buret out, andl'ot of roof off; rest of house and contents damaged by e Jr and water. Miss Amelia Price, millin er ; considerable k mage by fire and water—insured in the Globe Fire.otfue. No. 2, .eagle-place, Piccadilly ; ?dr. J. Everanl, fruited,r ; contents not insured ; building unknown; back win demolished, and frames burned." TUE ItUTLAND STATtE AT LEICESTLIL Monday last the mayor and town clerk, with Mr. C. L Macaulay, Mr. Meton, and Mr. ltoeve, runt to deride V*: the site for the statue, which will be just opposite OW, ._ toria Parade. The inscription carved on the pedesil';':i follows —John Henry, Duke of Itutland, K G.. b . ' Lieutenant of Leicestershire. The inhabitants of the round and town of Leicester, during the fiftieth anniveme7 of 7 l high office, with universal consent, cau.ed this statue w erected. Knee,. t.. " l'emsr tali Tibi, )toques Lvrornih tionores." The inauguration is to take place a %le' instant. I