The Express. — London, England, 1847-09-28 00:00:00

and other eminent engineers make high-pressure 1 boilers frequently, but they never explode. We re peat, therefore, that it is only when constructed with groat skill by scientific constructors that steam high- , pressure boilers are worthy of confidence—in all other hands they are extremely dangerous. As a measure of precaution, therefore, it would be not inexpedient that the name of the maker of the boiler and the maker of the engine should be as conspi cuously. painted on the paddle-boxes of every steamer as it is on the barrel of every locomotive. In the hands of a good maker, high and low pressure boilers may be regarded as pretty nearly equally safe. The management of such engines is a more difficult point. The boats must in all cases, with all boilers, be skilfully engineered; and, if skilfully, then expen sively, otherw:se the best original construction will bo of no avail. Now we have some difficulty in see ing how anything but the stern infliction of heavy damages on proprietors in case of accident can insure the daily steady inspection and employment of effi cient intelligent men. The altered law is the best guarantee for the improvement of this department of steam-boat affairs. Finally, there is a source of public danger in the malconstruction of the bones: themselves, as well as the engines and boilers. This does not seem to have been attended to in the ease of the trial on the Cricket accident. A steam-boat may be, and often is, so " crank" or " tender," that with a full deck - loa d cannot stand upright. This is a source of danger, not only in itself as an immediate canoe of danger in a crowded boat, but also as tending to uncover the hot metal of the boilers, and so cause explosion of the worst kind, either in high or low pressure. It appears, from the very excellent, moderate, and scientific evidence of Mr. LLOYD, the Ad miralty engineer, that the boilers of the Cricket were not of the best form for high pressure, but had a flat surface insufficiently stayed. It appears, from the same evidence, that the mate rial and workmanship were. not the best pos sible fur the purpose. It further appears, that the party who had made the boilers, under the direction of JOYCE, the maker of the engines, had never before made marine high-pressure boilers. Neither did it appear that the maker of the engines had as ade quate scientific knowledge of the nature of the action to which such a boiler was exposed. It therefore is an inevitable inference, from that evidence, that the original construction was not the best possible, or really scientific and practical. The inference there fore would be, that boilers of this class, made under the same direction, were not more scientifically planned, although it is to be hoped they may be better managed. Another point deserving of attention in the original construction is the kind of engine. We can hardly enter into the matter minutely . enough here to show that the very nature of the engine itself o ff ers a temp tation to incur danger. The engine can only work well and go fast, with economy, when the steam is pressed very high. One of the engineers in his evi dence stated the fact, when he said he knew thesteam must be pressed high, from the circumstance of the engine going so fast. It is a peculiarity of this kind of engine, that the pressure of the steam must be at a certain height before the engine will work even tole rably ; and that it must be very high before the en gine will work very fast. In other boats which have the ordinary engine there is no such imperative de mand of high pressure for efficiency. This point, however, does not appear to have come out sufficiently strong in the evidence. The construction of engine and kind of boiler used in the Cricket, is different from that in common use, and is more dangerous. This. it is of importance to know fur the future. As regards the past, however, it is enough to know that the engineer was in the practice of tying down the valves of the boiler, which is much the same operation as pulling the trigger of a loaded bomb, and by which any boiler of any con struction might any day be blown up under the feet of the passenger public. The French semi-official journal, the Journal des lnats, has an important article on Sunday, respecting the anxious wishes of the French government, that the Italians would keep within the bounds of mode ration, but at the same time stating, not only that M. Guizot hes been engaged in diplomatic efforts in be half of the Italians, but that several thousands of mus kets had been despatched to arm the national guard of Rome! The Journal des Di;bats recapitulates what it demands for the Roman population, being the same that was demanded by the great powers in their memorandum to the Pope, of the 21st of May, 1831. In that memorandum, France, Austria, Prussia, and Russia demanded four things. Ist, administrative and judicial reforms in the capital and provinces ; 2nd, admission of laymen to all offices ; 3rd, the establishment of elective munici palities and provincial councils, from which, 4thly, l a central council of administrators was to be formed in the capital to examine the finances of the state. It is evident from this that M. Guizot is in perfect harmony with Prince Metternich and Count weal-' I N rode as to the degree of liberty to be allowed to the Italians. All now required of France is a Coletti or a Narvaez to administer such a system. The arrival of the French ship of war, Antelope, at Civita Vecchia, and the visit paid the officers by the prelate governor of the town, are described at length m the SJinaphore de Marseilles, by one of the officers of that vessel. The account begins in the following characteristic manner : "The French flag had scarcely waved in tho harbour of Civita Vecchia, than the rumour had spread as far as Rome, and such an im portance was attached to the arrival of the Antelope, that the Roman people thought they saw the eye of Franco watching over its threatened independence." The news of the death et M. Colette (which we announced some days since), arrived officially at the hotel of Foreign Affairs on Saturclay,in a despatch from M. Piseatory to M. Guizot, of which the iollow log is a translation : Sir,—After a struggle of font teen days, the most trying that a strong constitution end a firm mind could support against a malady for which there is no remedy, M. Coleus is expiring. This day will perhaps see the endof his sufferings and life. For him who will have witnessed his last moments the close of his life will form a part of the glory of this good and great citizen. His fortitude and calmness have not forsakes him for an in. slant. The moment he was seized with the fall illness, he debated the question of its issue, and declared it to be incura ble, and though convinced of the inefficacy of the proposed remedy, he accepted it from the hands or his friends. The King came to visit him every day ; his Majesty was desirous of asking a lest counsel of the man whose loss he will se verely feel. Yesterday, struggling to conceal his tears, the Kine endeavoured to converse with him fur the last time. M. Coletti requested my attendance to assist him in sitting up in his bed ; but his strength was already decreasing, and Wang the hand of the King, SUS," said he, " I had a great deal to say to your Majesty, but now I cannot. God will, per haps, allow me to be strong enough to do so to-morrow." "Aridi to you, alio, my dear friend," said he to me afti the departure of the King, " I have much to say, but it is im possible. Thank your King, your Queen, for the goodases they have ever honoured me with. Speak of me to my friends in France. Bid farewell for me to M. Guizot, M. de Broglie, and M. Eynard. Till the last moment, to the best of my endeavours, I have followed their advice. I Una they are satisfied with me. The King has just told me that every one, soy enemies and my friends, have taken an in terest in my state. That thought affords me pleasure; bat my work is not completed. If I could have begun it twelve years since, I should this day die in peace. I can speak se more ; lay rue down again. I should like to go to sleep." Since then, the momenta of calm and the attacks of guffaw tine succeed eazh other rapidly. In short intervals ef delirium he is heard to repeat the songs of his youth. Tea months ago your excellency told me it was not yet time foe M. Coletti to go and join the battalion of Plutarch. God has judged otherwise. The French government have given permission to Prince Jerome Bonaparte and his family to reside in France. It will be recollected that this question was brought before the chamber by means of a petition last session, and that public opinion was rather strongly expressed upon it. The present concession to the Bonaparte family is the consequence. Tho son of Prince Jerome is now, as we have already announced, in Paris, and the Prince himself is ex pected. M. Bacourt, who has been some time since ap pointed to succeed the Duke of Gluckaberg at Madrid, has not yet departed, and, as we are assured, will not do so until the present precarious situation of affairs shall have come to some issue. Much is expected from the long experience and skill of this diplomatist, who is, in fact, a pupil of Talleyrand. Louis Philippe relies largely on him to counteract the exer tions of Mr. Bulwer, and he will be retained at Paris until things at Madrid shall assume the phase which *hall appear most favourable for his intervention. The public opinion in France on the appointment of the bake d Aamale ' - ice of Governor- General of Algeria - that of the twenty an Pari•., there i. the measure. Of course, the exceptional paper is the organ of the court and the cabinet. The King and royal family returned from Com pi4no to St. Cloud on Saturday. The journals and despatches of the 21st, from Madrid, render it sufficiently evident that the existing cabinet has neither coherence nor stability, and that another ministerial change is at hand. Intrigue is of course active where nothing but intrigue governs the movements of parties. Individual caprice plays so prominent a part in the drama that no sagacity can foresee the (I , nouement. One of the reports which has arrived from a well-informed quarter is to the effect that a reconciliation is attempted to be effected between Narvaez, Serrano, and Salamanca, with a view to the formation of a moderado cabinet. Secret conferences had taken place on the 18th and 19th between Narvaez and Serrano, at the express desire of the latter, with the view to the formation of a cabinet which would receive the support of the moderado party before the assembling of the cortes. Generals Cordova and Roe do Olano were reported to be favourable to this project. The success of Mr. Bulwer's diplomacy has pro voked the wrath of the Afrancesados and moderados beyond all the bounds of discretion. Ths Heraldo complains of his übiquity: If we repair to the Circus, we see Mr. Bulwer, go ing from but to box, interrupting political conversa tions, and speaking to such and such an influential per sonage. If we go to the ministries, we again meet the eternal Mr. Bulwer, entering the cabinet:of a minister, with whom ho can have no affair whatever, reiterate his visits, and affect that air of superiority so highly disagreeable to the Spaniard. There is not a house belonging to an influential person in which he is not seen five or six times a day; there is not a minister or a notability who does not receive from him reve lations, news, or advice ; in abort, Mr. Bulwer is everywhere, as if he had the gift of übiquity, or could multiply himself to infinity! The reports which we gave yesterday on the autho rity of the Nourelliste, a Marseilles journal, casting some suspicion on the sincerity and good faith of the Grand Duke of Tuscany, prove to have been without any good foundation. Letters of more recent date have brought the gratifying assurance that the same good understanding as has hitherto prevailed between the Duke and his subjects has been maintained, and no serious cause of difference has existed. The regu lations proposed for the organisation of the national guard, which seemed likely to bo unacceptable, were voluntarily withdrawn, and that body is to be esta blished in Tuscany on the same footing as in the pon tifical states. The same obstructions to the transmission of intel ligence to or from the Neapolitan states continue to be interposed by the government. Even private in dividuals at Naples fear to write, being aware that their letters will be opened and read at the post-office. We are, therefore, compelled to draw our information either from the oral reports of travellers, or from let ters privately brought by them. A passenger, arrived at Marseilles by the post-office steamer lthamses, reports that, in passing the straits of Messina, a can nonade was distinctly heard in the direction of Reggio. A person entitled to confidence, who has arrived directly from Bari, reports that the insurgents of the Calabrias had taken prisoners a strong detachment of the royal troops, commanded by a colonel, and that Lecce had declared for the insurrection. At Genoa the popular demonstrations had been suspended in compliance with the orders of the government. There was still, however, a confidence in the progress of reform ; and the position assa:ned by Charles Albert in relation to Rome satisfied the public and maintained tranquillity. The Netremburg Correspondent of the 22nd gives wider the date of Vienna, 18th instant, the armour:ce ment that the Ferrara question is in fact terminated, for that a dysentery has broken out among the troops in that garrison, which has compelled the commander to discontinue the posts at the city gates for want of men. Thus it is Implied that the troops will now be limited to the occupation of the citadel; and the stotu quo previously to the present dispute will be re established, and nothing will prevent the remain ing points of difference from being arranged diplomatically. - We gave yesterday from the Nuremberg Corre spondent some comments proceeding . indirectly from the government of Vienna, on the existing difference between the imperial and pontifical courts. We are now enabled to give textually the diplomatic note de livered by Count Lutzow to the cabinet of the Vatican on Sept. 1 : The undersigned, &c., &c., having transmitted to his court the notice his Eminence the Cardinal Ferretti, secretary of state to his holiness, had done him the honour to address to him, a protestation against the measures of military service adopted in the fortress of Ferrara by Lieut:Gcneral Count Aueriperg, commanding the imperial troops which form its garrison, has received orders from his court to scud the ((A toning reply to the cabinet of the Vatican The set of the congress of Vienna, article 103, gives to kits Imperial and Royal Majesty the right of garrison in the fortresses (polices) of Ferrara and Comachio. This expressiou of fortress (place) leaves no doubt as to the right allowed H.I.M. The town of Ferrara is surrounded by a fortified wall, which is contiguous to the works of the citadel. The enscniVe of these precincts and the citadel form what is called the fortress (place) of Ferrara. Now, it is the right of garrison in the fortress (place) which has been granted to Austria. The court of Rome has never had the least title to contest this, nor to prettied that this right was merely applicable to the citadel; this reitriction is impossible, in the fact. Besides which, if the intentions of the congress had been to this effect, the term in the article quoted would have been cantle!, and not the fortress (place), for every one knows the difference which exists between these two expressions. The occupation of this fortress having never had, and on account of the devotedness the Austrian court bears the Holy Sec never being likely to have, any other character than that of a prudent defentiie, the orders given to all Austrian com manded have always been to limit the application of the military rules imposed on every garrison what ever to the immediate environs of the parts occupied by the imperial troops. The following passage., extracted from the notice of his Eminence the Cardinal Secretary of State, of the 9th August, 1847, is itself a proof of the above. (Here follows a pamage in Italian.) It is in the interest of in. Roman government, as well as in that of the imperial court, and of the population of Ferrara itself, that the military ser vice of this town should be observed with order and regu larity. The danger to which the promoters of toe disturbance have exposed Capt. Jankowich, and from which he was re lieved by the sole possibility of his having been able to find a petrol to protect him, is a proof that tke service of patrols, prescribed by military rules, is necessary for the maintenance of public order. The Emperor, unable to consider the pro testation made by the Cardinal Legate, at Ferrari, founded on a right—finding, on the contrary, in the manifesta tions which have recently taken place at Ferrara still greater motives for the strict observance of the rules of pru dence it is the duty of the garrison to observe in its interest, as well ss in that of the inhabitants—requests the undersigned to inform his Eminence the Cardinal Secretary of State that the Marshal Count IL:MAL commander-general of*, troops of H. I. and R. M. in the kingdom of Lombardy, has received orders to maintain the garroein of Ferrara in the ri e hts which appertain to it, and the execution of which I. moreover, become militarily indispensable to its safety. If the imperial court, which would desire to keep up with the court of Rome that friendly intercourse so neces sary to the prosperity of the two states, deplores the ground of this question, the cabinet of Vienna cannot, on the other hand, but regret the unusual form in which his Eminence the Cardinal Legate has drawn up his protestation. It is not before a notary that the affairs of governments can be treated in a dignified and careful man ner. The cabinet of Vienna must, then, guard against the adoption of such a form. Relative to the communication sent to the diplomatic body at the Holy See, rho undersigned is requested to make known to his Eminence, the Cardinal Secretary of State, that he places the cabinet of Vienna under • the necessity of communicating to such cabinets as it may cone oeral the act of protestation addressed to it, and the answer made to this said protestation. The undersigned i &e. (Signed) LUTZONI. ROME, SErv. 20. No political event has taken place hero which would warrant my intrusion on your columns. The Ferrara question is not yet solved, and the Pope is firm : eracuanda est Ferrara 9 is his Catonian reply to all the finessing of diplomacy. You must know that in the official latin copy of the treaty of Vienna the word place, which is vague and undefined, is rendered by the very stringent and circumscribed term Arx (citadel). Now, in the topological work of Baudrand, current in Italy, the town is thus distin gnished from the citadel : Ferrara orbs amplissima areens habet priemunitam. The walla of the town have been long since dismantled, and the fortress, which alone is alluded to in the treaty, was a distinct substitute, created by Urban VIII. (Barberini), in 1629. So true is this, that the circumfereaceofcld foams and broken down ramparts is farmed out by the municipality to cattle graziers and vegetable growers, and the Austrian commandant of the citadel, wishing for a portion in which to exercise his troops, had to pay rent fur it, and paid it last year; while he takes rent for the grazing of his own ditches and earth works round the fortress. Can anything be more conclusive P I apprehend old Metternich will be . haughty bearing of the modern Kaisers towards the Popedoes " The Austrian tramples where the Sudden imelt." Childe Herold, canto iv. at. 12. A new club has been organised here. All other classes had their casino, and the priests resolved on setting up one for themselves. The mathematical Padre MIAMBIII opened his house pro tem., and the sacerdotal dab promises to be one of the most social and useful of these important adjuncts of civilisation. The French papers will have given their own ver sion of a piece of tomfoolery in which Lucien Buena parte led the van a few days ago, in front of the Tuscan envoy's house. Nothing more ill-judged or more offensive than this affair has taken place this year. Lucien, you are aware, is eminent in zoology, but in person short and pot-bellied, with a bushy black beard --an Italian Falstaff; and being the earliest occupant here of a complete suit of regimentals (including the iron helmet) was to be seen everywhere in full fig, and probably slept " accoutred as ho was." At nightfall he paraded the Corso with two others equally , snipworthy, and these three " Tooley-street tailors" (one of whom was an Englishman, and had a character to imperil by such exhibition) raised a mob of idlers as they got along, and the prince having purchased a lot of torches, they marched, about sixty in number, in a row (one deep) to the Florentine em bassy. Here, by shouts, they forced the resident to exhibit himself, and Lucien took it on himself to ha rangue the official in bombastic terms, approving of his master's decree about national guards, &c. &c. ' Thence they proceeded to the Sardinian minister's to repeat the farce, but stopped on their way to groan the Austrian representative (who lives next door to the headquarters of Loyola), mingling their shouts with cries of " Long live Gioberti, and down with the Jesuita!" It is needless to tell you that the doings of these self-elected representatives of Rome have been the cause of much pain to Pius IX., struggling and striving with all the difficulties of his present position, to be thus compromised by such champions of mis rule. The zoological mountebank started next morn ing for Leghorn, where he kicked up a similar row, and was near being put in prison, saved by respect for the dress he wore, and which he next exhibited in ' Florence, Bologna, and Ferrara, where his intem perate harangues did much injury to the cause. He next appeared in Venice, And wore that day the arms which still he wears. But he will not wear them long; for orders have been lamed to discontinue his practice of going about in that costume, and a proclamation is now posted on the walls everywhere disapproving of the late pranks of Prince Lucien, and announcing that the parties who thus acted would be brought to trial for making free with the "public" name and taking liberties with "public" tranquillity. Cardinal Ferretti has written to him to say that he must return in decent attire, and stand in the dock with the two other cul prits who originated the "demonstration." The day before he left us he went into the Care of the Belle Arti, which was crowded; and in the course I of a violent harangue against Austria turned upon some sober German painters who were calmly in haling their meershaums, and who contemptuously replied by a pull' of smoke quite equivalent to his rhodomontaden. The portraits of Pius IX. and Abbe Giobeti have been recently placed conspicuously in that local, and crowned with garlands. Count Rossi is openly allied in diplomacy , with Austria, and is harping on the pueriiitics of red tape propriety, which Ferretti pretence to scorn. The French envoy, like his superior, Guizot, was a school master, and retains all the pedantic solemnity of the class : a " barring out" among the boys is to them something awfully wrong. Dionysime the tyrant of Sicily, only lapsed into his original element when he took up the trade of a pedagogue. Captain Lopez (of ours) writes from Paris, in the Bilancer, of the 17th, that he has purchased from Bel gian houses 2 , 1,000 muskets (percussion model), two inches shorter than used by the line, but light as those of the dragoons. News has reached Rome from England that the Roman catholic clergy of the northern district have unanimously adopted a petition for the reform of the present anomalous condition of their body, consequent on the absence of canon law and they orer their ad hesion to any measure Pins IX. may adopt for regu lating the unsettled position of the vicars in dealing with the priesthood. There is now sitting a special commission, de rebus ltrittannicis, of which Moneig. Baruabo, an official of Propaganda, acts as secretary: to him all communications may be safely addressed. I was in error when I stated that Dr. Wiseman put in writing anything about the Irish clergy. That prelate's opinion reached Propaganda through an Irish channel in the form of complaint, the words pro sy!erstrihus et ayrestibus having been used by him in conversation with Professor Parsee] ia, who repeated them to the Reverend Doctor Format, priest of the diocese of Cloyne and Ross. Dr. Wiseman is sure to correct this blunder. Ile never either in writing or in conversations w,th par sons in authority, broached the inibject ; but he has been while at Rome perhaps too communicative on this and other topics, among persons not in authority. Discretion in speech is an important gift. team hoe maocror, et dotco UM dome Terentl. Some MS. poems in the ologmph of Fru Savona rola, have been discovered in Florence. A specimen is given in last Cotemporaneo, and breathes the ardent piety of that truly great enthusiast, in language worthy of Tetrarch or Ariosto. MADRID, SEPT. 21. The ministry having reached that state of paralysis and complete impotence which is the certain result of hetero geneous composition in epochs of fierce party conflict, its dissolution may be predicted as not far off. Already the papers abound with announcements of a ministerial crisis. The Popular of last night informs us that Salamanca is to make way . for the Conde de Walla, and that the Duke of Valencia is to take the presidency. The liberals, who have folded their arms for the last fortnight in a neutral, ex pectant attitude, give note that the truce they promised is expired ; and the Prcnsa has already opened fire. Mean while the great commercial reforms projected by Senor Sala manca have dwindled into decrees regulating the duties to be paid upon the beech fungus of which tinder is made, and of a certain kind of paper used in pin manufactories. The former,nodoubtia an interesting economical question to the less wealthy class of smokers ; and the latter appears to be a con cession in favour of a pinmaker at Bilboa, whose efforts to establish this class of native industry deserves, says the Minister of Finance in his grave preamble, the encourage ment of the government. The activity of the other de partments of administration corresponds to this sample. This is the ridiculus MU with a vengeance ! The question of the dissolution of the cartes still concentrates public atten tion. The Ileraldo compares, not inaptly, the tactics of the ministry in menacing the moderados with this measure to the musket of Oink do Pasamonte, which he- kept pointing at the different satellites of the Santa Hermandad without firing it off, because he knew that after discharging his piece, he would lie at their mercy. The same paper charges the ministry not to commit a party suicide by dissolving the tortes at a moment when the moderados would be split into two parties of supporters and opposers of the present govern ment ; but rather, if they persist in excluding Hareem to hand over their places to the progresistas, and to leave to them the task of a dissolution, when union would bo re stored among moderados of all shades, and the triumph of the latter he certain. The victorious march of Abd-el-Kader in Morocco, and the report which prevail, concerning the intention of France to oppose an armed intervention to the progress of the emir, hare turned up a now subject of diplomatic interest, which is regarded here with scything but indiff, realm,. The Spanish liberals would applaud to the very echo a strenuous resistance, on the pat of England, to the contemplated in terference of French arms. In fact, all the interests of Spain, as well as what remains of her independence, are strongly opposed to the extension of French dominion in Africa, ao es to absorb Morocco. I transcribe the following poesago from the Ike of to-day with regard to this subject —" What the Spanish government ought immediately to have done, was to send an able commissicner to MA-el- Keder • to take possession immediately of our Campo de Melilla, restoring the old forts which at present serve as quarters to the Moors; to obtain guarantees for the pacific re-establishment of theleity of Velez do la Camera; to regulate the relations of Alhucema with the neigh bouring ;frontier ; to secure the extension of the radius of Ceuta, as settled by General ilatran, and to form the establishment of the Chafarinos re commended by former Cortes, thus ridding our ports of galley slaves. These ought immediately to be deel.red free ports, as the Cortes were of opinion in 1820; and thus, from penal stations, they would b., converted into mercantile emporia. There arc Spani-h officers with Abd-el-Kader who could serve as mediators in this negotiation." In Catalonia, the column of (311111411(n had rather a severe action, between Canoves and Morata, on the 15th, with the band of rebels commanded by Vilelle, ansountinz to 500 men on foot, and 15 horse. The Carlists lest 12 killed, and 26 wounded. On the side of the troops 3 were killed, one bang an officer, Don ()noire Rich°. Despatches received by tho government from Balm& re present the hand of insurgents which has appeared in the vale of Camas& as not animating to moro than 10 or 12 persons. Addresses expressirg gratitude to the Queen for tho late continue The Herelrk gives the following impartial sketch of the views of England in Spain :—" Espartero, as all the Eng lish papers say, will have to place himself at the front of the nation, and in this pest, with whatever title, he is to con voke a tortes that will satisfy . the desires of England, and exclude the Infanta front the secession. Bu' this is not enough ; the last traces of the actual reigning family must be swept away ; the dyna4y must be destroyed ; an inex tinguishable hatred must be lit up between two patine' planted so near each other. This is the mission with which klontemolin is charged. The destruction of the moderados has iwg been accomplished, the Carlist.progresista hosts triumphing, a contention is to be excited between the two latter parties, in whichl,the throne of Isabel 11. will probably disappear. If it does not disappear, means will not be wanting to annihilate it. The divorce having been imposed, either a prince submitted to England will be sought out for consort, changing with this simple fact the dynasty, and souring for ever the English influence in Spain, or a desire will be manifested to seat Montem din on the throne treide the Quite, and then it is easy to foresee the feelings that will set Spanish parties against each other, and the terrible reac tion which is preparing for es under the command of Ca brera and his associates. These will he the preliminaries; the definitive blow will be to unite us to Portugal, under Eng lish protection, and to mice upon one of our rich colonies by way of indemnification." I will not cccupy your columns with answering such absurd statements; but they deserve notice, as showing the light in which English diplomacy is exhibited by the Afrancesach s. Orders have bcen despatched to Mendez Vigo, Captain- General of Madrid, to present himself in tke capital, and take possession of his command. General D. Simon Latorro arrived in Madrid on Saturday, to receive, it is said, an important mission tram the govern ment. General Conchs. has published an address to the Catalans, exhorting them to he quiet, and reassuring the marnifac turing interest concerning the intentions of the government, which were never more in their favour. The Captain- General soon after his arrival read to the principal in habitants of Barcelona a letter which he had received con taining the strongest assurances upon this subject. He also slid that it was the intention of the government to establish four steamers on the coast to prevent smuggling, the civil disorders preventing the effectiveness of the bodies of care biniers upon the coast. 4 have heard nothing more concerning the order of the government to keep Espartero out of Spain ' • but it has not been contradicted by the Cur ceo. lam told that the wife of General Concha has received a letter from the Duchess of Victoria, who is her sister, saying that never with her con sent shall Espartero come to Madrid, and that if they return to Spain they will reside in Logrono. The Infante Don Francisco de Paula was expected at Bur gos on the 17th. The Duke of Sesa,:with his wife, the Infanta Donna Luisa Teresa, arrived on Thursday from France. After paying their respects to the Queen, they visited the King at the Pardo. FRANCE.—PArtis, SEPT. 26.—Ann-EL-KADER. —The Perla journal La Presse gives the following letter from Gibraltar, Sept. 15, in reference to Abd-el-Kader " Hen Abbou, the former governor of the king, hes at last left Gibraltar to return to Tangiers. Ile embarked on board the English steamer the Virar,o, which the governor of this town, Sir Robert Wilson, had placed at his disposal. Till the hit day, Ben Abbou was the objector themost assiduous attention and delicate complaisance from the authorities of Gibraltar. When he got on board, the governor of the Riff' received a salute of 21 guns, and the Morocco flag was hoisted on the mainmast of the Virago. The garrison of Gibraltar was under arms, and Sir Robert Wilson conduce:l(l:d to accompany Ben Abbou to Targiers, to the inconceivable to. tonishment of his countrymen, and of the lktoors themselves, who, despite their excessive vanity, never dreamt such honours could be paid to one of their csi '1 Prince Demidoff, then at Gibraltar, desirous of visiting Tangiers, took his passage with his suite on board the English packet. The interview which took place at Melilla, between Abd-el-Rader and the governor of this place, and which has been diversely commented on by the Spanish journals, is a matter of great reflection for Sir Robert Wilson. It is through Melilla the secret agents of Abil-el Kader now trust they will be able to keep up free intercourse with the ex- Emir. Some days ago the Jew Ahensour, a. native of Tetuan, and one of the boldest agents of Abd-el-Kader, left Gibraltar for Melilla, accompanied by Mr. Saint-Leger, formerly pri vate secretary of the consul-general of England at Tangiers. Mr. Saint-Leger intends, it is sold, to go and offer his ser vices to Abd-el-Kader, and to attach himself to his person. At the moment the affairs of Morocco become every day more interesting, England is not sorry to have in the Riff a trustworthy emissary, who will give her speedy information of every important event which may occur in this province. Mr. Stint Leger is a told adventurer, who will inevitably succeed in the mission he has accepted, or rather taken upon himself. A Portuguese schooner has just arrived from Rale .t, bringing interesting news from Fezand, the Emperor's camp. Muley Abi-er-Rahmsn seems exclusively occupied in despoiling his unfortunate subjects. He organises razzias on his own territory ; he takes prisoners, cuts off heads, ears, and noses, to the great applause of his negro soldiers, the most ferocious men in his empire; be levies tributes, empties the silos of the tribes, and allows their resideaees to be ran sacked. When his troops get possession of a village which has had the misfortune of granting an asylum to some rebels, the village is set on fire, the inhabitants massacred, the houses are demolished, in order to discover the mysterious hiding-places in which it is supposed the vanquished have bidden their treasure ; and, on emptying sundry wells, se veral caskets have been (nine, coutaieing doubloons and Spanish piastres. Such discoveries have served to excite the ardent, ignoble cupidity both of the emperor and his sot. diem, who continue to abandon themselves to the most re volting excesses. - Muley Abd-mellaliman leads in his suite an army of 60,000 men, almost entinly composed of cavalry. Sidi-Mohammed, the eldest son of the emperor, is still within the walls of his capital ; he has, however, sent out kis troops to Taco, in order to oppose the movements of Abd-el-Kader, who, notwithstanding tho Ramadan, has drawn nearer to Fes. Sidi-Mohammed following the example of his father, and in the hope of spreading terror among the partisans of the ex•emir, causes numerous executions to take place every day, and seeds the heads of his victims laden on camels to his father. These hideous trophies are crossed at Rabat by those Miley Abl-er-Rahman sends himself to Fez. It is easy to conceive the consternation of the subjects of Morocco, who each day see, passing before their eyes, strings of ears, and heaps of salted heads and hands. 1 his horrid spectacle produces the effect desired by Muley Abd-er-Ital man and his son ; the totality of the Moorish population is struck with terror. A courier jest arriving from Tangiers, says an engagement has taken place between the troops of Abd-el-Kader and those of the emperor. Abd-el.Kader, it is said, has met with a signal defeat, and was obliged to take safety in flight." THE DCKE D'AUMALE.—The following notice of the past career of the Duke d'Aumale is given by one of the Pans ministerial journals: "At the moment when the Duke d'Anmale is on the point of setting out for Africa, we deem it useful to briefly state the numerous services which the prince has rendered to our Algerian possessions, whether as general or as administrator. It was in 1840 that the Duke d'Aumale for the first time paid his tribute of ser vice in Africa. He was then 18 years of age. Placed under his illustrious brother the Duke of Orleans, he charged the enemy fir the first time on April 27, at the head of the first regiment of African Chasseurs. He re pulsed the Arabs, and drove them in contusion into the val ley of Bon-Roumi. lie particularly distinguished himself at the attack of the bill of Teniah. After having given his horse to Col. Gueswiller, who could not follow the move ments of the troops, he rushed forward at the bead of the grenadiers, and carried amongst the first the formidable po sition disputed by the Arabs. On May 23 he wu mentioned in the order of the day. In the month of March following (1810, the duke arrived in Algeria with the grade of Lieut.- Colonel of the 21th regiment of the line. He distinguished himself on the days of Milianah and the Chelif. It was the first time that this river was crossed by our troops. On April 12 and May 18 the prince was mentioaed in Marshal Bugeand's reports. Soon after, he took pert in a more im portant expedition in the south of Algeris, and shared in all the fatigues of that laborious campaign. la 1842, the Duke d'Atunalo returned to Algiers, where he arrived on Nov. 19. His royal highness came to assume the command of Me deah. The expedition of the Ouarensenis was the prince took the command of the infantry in the right column, placed under the orders of the governor-general. After that campaign, which was attended with the happiest results, he was charged to take back to Algiers a part of the troops. The governor-general named him in honourable terms in hie report of Dec. 30, 1842. In the beginning of the following year,the Duke cl Aurnale received orders to proceed to the south-west of Medeah. After a forced night march, he seized on the Kuzma of Ben-Allel-Embareck, Kalifak of Abctel.Ksder. In the month of March be scoured the pro vince of Sebsou. The cold decimated the men, 14 of whom died on a single night; yet, notwithstanding the severity of the weather, the prince had a brilliant engagement with the Arabs. This was a prelude to the capture of the Smalah, which took place the 16th of May following. The prince they went back to France, but soon returned to Africa, where he arrived ou Nov. 20 of the same year, with the rank of lieut.- general. In the beginning of 1841, the Duke tonic part he the expedition of Biscara. The campaign lasted four months. ' Here, as at Memouche, said the Journal of Algeria of March 16, 1144, ' our young general heard the balls whistling about his ease. His horse was wounded twice, and several non-commissioned officers and chasseurs were killed or wounded at his side.' On May 18, the prince entered Biecara. Such are the military services of the duke in Africa, but ho also made himself remarkable for his apti tude for business. In the administration of Constantine, the most important province in Algeria, be evinced a very decided talent for government, and no one has compre hended better than he the relations which euett to exist between the French government and the natives. These are most favourable antecedents, and good guarantees for the useful exercise of the new lament.= confided to the duke." FREDERICK SoCLIE.—On Saturday the remains of H. Frederic Seethe were trinstsorted from Biivro to Paris. On Mondsy, the 27th, the funeral ceremony uses to take place in the church of St. Elisabeth, rue du Temple. The committee of the Society of Men of Letters named a deputation to attend the funeral service. M. Salvandy was requested to sneak in the name of the Society or Men of Let ters, and M. Victor Hugo in the name of the Dramatic Asso ciation. TERRIBLE ACCIDENT.—A most unfortunate event, a real catastrophe, has rendered memorable the pastoral fes tival of Saint Ferreol, which was celebrated at Cent (Pyres:ties Orientates), en Sunday, 10th inst. A part of the circa., erected for the bull race, fell in under the weight of foldiuff, *NNW Sillridnets of the currida, fell in with a most d readful crash, for an extent of from twenty-five to thirty metres. Groan., sobs, the horrid screams of the injured, of the dying, of mothers running to the assistance of their children, of persons bewailing the loss of their relatives, brothers and sisters, and children, rent the air. The unfortunate people were conveyed to the hospital, where several physicians bestowed upon them all the relief their art could afford ; but this hospital is really not an hospital—no linen, no lint ! Fortunately, the civil authorities hastened to procure for the sufferers the things most indispensable to their relief. BELGIUM.—BaUstIELS, SEPT. 25.—Tne PENI TENTIARY CONGRESS AT BETSSELS.—The managing com mittee for the measles of 1848 assembled yesterday, the 21th inst., in order to make arrangements fur the next congress. The committee was formed of the following gentlemen : Lieut.-Col. Jebb, Dr. Vatrentrap, Dr. Julius, and Messieurs. de Baumhauer, Le Chevalier, Retch, David, de Lohm:yer, Swinger, Sumner, Moreau -Chrisiophe, Mira, Huron. Rooms, Bach, Vleminckz, Sauveur, Vasschers, Roussel, add Van Ilorrebekke. M. Van Meenen acted as chairman an IM. Ducpetiaux as secretary. It was decided, aftersome discussion, that the order of the day for the following cou grew should be the following : —l. Continuation of the dis miss on the organisation of the personnel of pri ma administration. 2. Control, superintendence. and visits. 3. Physical regimen. 4. Employment. 5. Educa tion and instruction. 6. Disciplinary regimen (punish ments and rewards). 7. Patronising societies for liberated eillemders. 8. Agricultural colonies. 0. Influence of the tiary system on penal legislation. M. Vie rs che Leaded up te the president the following proposition : " The Penitentiary Congress considering that, on account of the numerous questions to be treated in its seseions, it is im ible to discuss all even successively; considering also that by means of the organisation of special committees e examination of questions of a different order may be simultaneously begun, the solution of them prepared, and thus the debates of the general assemblies abridged, decrees.—First, that independently of the general assem blies, the members of the Penitentiary Congress 'hall meet, during the sessions, in special committees, in order to pre viously examine the questions for the order of the day; that the committee shall prepare the text of the resolutions on which the general assemblies shall be called to deliberate; and that the decisions shall be arrived at only in general meetings. 2nd. Provisionally, the congress shall be divided into five committees, having for object—the first, the discus sion of the construction and materials of prisons, and the personnel of the agents ; the second, the economical regi men, the sanitary regulations, and employmeet ; the third, instiuction, education, and patronage; the fourth, the treat. meet of young prisoners, including the question of apical. tural colonies ; the fifth, penal legislation. 3rd. That future members of the Penitentiary Congress be requested to state to what committee they wish to belong. This propasie lion was adopted by the committee. Tne next session is fixed for the Ist of September, 1194 d. It will be held either in Switzerland or Holland. The following is a tranalation in ealenso of the resolutions respecting penal agents in prisons—a resolution which (ns 'heeler stated in the Daily News) was, after a very stormy discussion, drawn up in order to meet the religious scruples of many of the members, and which Visa all but unanimously adopted: " It is indis pensable that the internal services of cellular establishmentsbe conducted by two kinds of agents, moral and natural ones. It is advantageous to form the moral agents by a novitiate which should give them the necessary instruction, as well as devotedness to tneir task. To that effect the state may call to a pert in the work of morally reforming prisoners reli gious associations and societies of patronage to be organised with that end in view. For all the ordinary purpose' of life the service of the cells shall be conducted by material agents under due control ; the moral and religious communica tions of the condemned shall take place regularly with the moral agents, entrusted at the same time with the task of ex ercising mild and persuasive watchfulness over the primmer'. The necessary coercive measures shall be employed only by the material agents. The director of the establishment shall possess the same power over all the agents indistinctly. The special surveillance of women shall, in all cases, be confided to persons of their own sea. HOLLAND.—'frIE HAGUE, SEPT. 22.—The King arrived in this capital on the 21st, in the evening, on his return from his visit to Germany, in perfect health. By a royal decree Lis Majesty has fixed the 26th of this month for a special service to be celebrated by the different religions communions throughout the entire extent of the kingdom, as a thanksgiving to Almighty God for the abundant harvest. The Netherlands government had just sent to the different Egovernments of Europe the copy of a decree issued by the mperor of Japan, resulating the manlier in which any Japanese who may have suffered shipwreck are to be re stored to their country. The note declares that the official communication of this decree has been made in order that it may be brought under the notice of other nations through the intervention of the government of Holland. This act is very remarkable, inasmuch as it constitutes the first diplo = i tic ntercourse of Japan with Europe. ITALY.—BOLOGNA, SEPT. 17.—The Felsinco of Bologna published, in a supplement, the following report of the successful interference of the civic guard in checking a disposition to disorder manifested in that city on the 16th and 17th. This adds one to the numerous examples which have already been presented of the egiciency of the natioual guard in preserving order : " On the 15th iust. a report was spread at Bologna that a concourse of people was to assemble that same evening before the coffee-house del Team Grande, by invitations disseminated through the town in the morning, but none could say from whom. This coffee house is frequented by young men, and it was said one of them was to harangue those mumbled. The authorities ordered out the civic patrols, requesting them to use every per suasion to induce the crowd to disperse. The evening came, and the patrols persuaded the few persons whom curiosity bad drawn to the spot to withdraw. There was no harangue, but a young man said in a loud voice, " that they hail assembled to show they had not allowtd themselves to bo condemned to silence ; that this invitaticn had been made with the most innocent purpose ; that they wanted to obtain union and fraternity, in the same manner as the citizens of Tuscany.' These words wcro intcrrapted by the cries of ' Long life to Pim IX. !' Some persons withdrew exclaiming, 'ls this all ?' In the upper rooms of the coffee-house the young men disputed in warmer terms, some for, some against, what had taken place. On the 16th the events of the eve were generally blamed. But as it was presumed the same would be renewed in the evening, the young orator woe requested to remain at home, and the pa trols were sent their rounds to keep all in order. The coffee-house was in fact crowded. A civic patrol entered it, and prayed the citizens to withdraw. Some scuffling took place, but other patrols coming up surrcunded the theatre. A lieutenant-colonel of the civic guard spoke courteously to the people, and prevailed on the principal group to retire. The police shortly after interfered, and ordered the coffee house to be shut up. On the 17th some of the promoters were taken into custody. The civic guard repaired in great numbers to the different quarters of the town, but their pre tence was sufficient; no crowd assembled, and the military were not obliged to interfere. The immense majority of the citizens lent their aid to maintain public order, and assisted the police and the military in quelling the teeing disturbance. Such is the real state of things, which we have related in all their particulars, that our readers may not be induced into error by the exaggerated statements which might have been given by foreign journels, according to their custom." GEHNIANY.—PRUSSIA.—BERLIN, SEPT. 19. It is stated that duziug the visit of his Majesty the King of Prussia in Northern Italy the desire was expressed by various parties that his Majesty would act as mediator is the present differences between the Pope and Austria. It is certain that, following the example of the Pope, several princes, especially the King of Sardinia and the Duke of Lucca, place great confidence in the King of Prussia. It is said that his Mejesty bas declined any direct inter- ference in the affairs of Italy. That the Prussian cabinet takes the liveliest interesmin all that goes on in that country cannot be doubted ; and although in this question, no on all the other political questions of the day which concern Ger many, the governments of Austria and Prussia may be una nimous, this cannot deter the Prussian cabinet from making good its influence in the German sense of the word through direct relations with the Italian court. ODERBERO, SEPT. 15.—The destructive cataracts of water which rush from the Silesian mountains into the Oder are now felling with great impetuosity, and have inundated all the valleys in the neighbourhood. This is the third inundation this rummer, independently of the high water in the spring. The loss of the landed proprietors is immense. In Oderberg alone, which has 5,000 acres, the loss is estimated at 60,000 dollars, and, in the valley of the Lower Broich, which contains above 100,000 acres, it is considered to be more than a million. THE POSTAL REFORM IN GERMANY.—The meeting of the deputies from the post-offices of the different German states, which was to have taken piece at Dresden on the 15th of October, has been postponed. The cause of the delay of this meeting, which has been looked forward to with so much interest, is in consequence of the declaration of some of the states that it will be impossible for them to furnish their deputies with the requisite instructions, some of which are necessarily very complex and intricate, by so early a day as 15th October. The Ist of January, 1848, is the time fixed for the meeting to commence. REFOR3I IN BADE_N.—A political manifestation of some importance took place on the 12th instant at Offenburg, in the Grand Duchy of Baden. An as sembly of five or six hundred persons, presided over by the burgomaster of the town, emitted the following desires "That the government disengage itself from the decisions of Carlsbad in 1810, of Franktirt in 1931 and 1832, and of Vienna in 1834, decisions which at once violate the ado d the German confederation and the constitution of the land; that it grant the liberty of the press, the liberty of. peddle instruction and private liberty, a popular military organisms lion instead of a permanent army, a jive division of tax and the substitution of a progressive income tax to the present mode of levying tho taxes, the institution of a jury, that the military take an oath of fidelity to the constitution, that tke citizens have the right of assembling and speaking freely, that the people be represented in the German con federation ; that it have a voice in the councils in which the affairs of the nation are discussed, that the equality be tween work and capital be re-cetabliehed, and that every privilege be abolished." MALACCA.—AN ELEratNT STORY.—The fol lowing is a strange, if a true, adventure A boat, manned by six Malays, with a cargo consisting of one elyan of rice and half a coy,m al salt, while proceeding up the river of Liege) , was accidiEttily intercepted by a large elephant, and the result was an instantaneous swamping of the boat and cargo. The animal came first in contact with the boat at night, while, it appears, in the act of swimming a river or bathing, and then diving, he made a thrust with his tusk, perforating the bottom el the boat. Suck was his power of lifting as to bear up the vessel with its cont f rits?n his . back, ed then t' ' • JAVA.—BATAvta.--By the arrival at Singapor e on 29th July of the Dutch steamer Batavia i t o e lligenee from Java is brought down to July 26. Every! hing ces, tinued quiet in that querter. On the night of July 6 a fire broke out at Sourabaya, which destroyed 194 looses: I* lives were lost. The Dutch war steamer Etna, from Hal. land, arrived at Batavia, July 19, and with the nee ste ms . frigates already at Java places a formidable steam dotilla at the disposal of the Dutch authorities. The governor-general of Netherlands India was taking a tour through thr provinces; on arrival of his excellency at Semarang great febrivity took place. The non-delivery of the Dutch mails 'seq.: through the intervention of the admiral had caused some ei , noyance. By the last mail despatches, orders were rec from the home authorities, couotcrmauding the power of the admiral in opening the mails. By order of the admiral, the J•.ve letters have heretofore been got, and for this purpise the mails for Hong-Kong were landed at Batavia. The nou.receipt o( their mails will oompel the Dutch to fallov the tosmp.e of the Spanish government : the latter pays 30,030 .1 .11123 for the conveyance of their mails from Gibraltar to H Hoeg. At Batavia trade was somewhat dull, and the market over supplied with British manufactured fabrics: prices had a downward tendency, and additional arrivals wert. expected. MACASSAIt.—By the arrival at Singapore. Augu s t Ist of the Dutch government schooner MercurhA utttat• genre from Macassar is brought down from July :1. Since Macassar has been made a free port, it has been t-mgletely deluged with every description of goods and mercinaidise by the Maatschappy of Batavia, to the exclusion of .ritish or other merchants; for, although a free port, the tit, ~itity and prices of the Dutch Company's goods virtually r..:lude all competition, so that Macassar is more mono', ..ed than before the affected removal of commercial restrict. an. BORNEO.—The following is the sequel of the account of the engagement between the pirates anti the Ne mesis, which is contained in dates to the 20th of July. The destruction of forty-two pirates has been most Mgt .i.-revolt ing indeed, since the manner of their death was truly horri fying. The principal part of the slain pirates wet.• captured in a house at the top of a hill, whither they fled nod stoutly resisted ; bet the immense numb, r of the besh rers com pelled the pirates to surrender, which they did on the 31st of May, two days after the engagement with the steamer. The Sultan of Borneo, who secured the persons of the pirates, appointed the 4th of June for their slaughter. They were taken to the rear of Bruni town, and the ...Mole of the recaptured captives, thirty in number, were as sembled on the spot. The day was ma, a gene ral holiday; hundreds of Dyaks were dra a to the spot. The Sultan directed the whole of the pie es to be secured with their hands fastened behind their b, ks, their feet also bound, and a thick cord secured the km es to the neck—in this state they were utterly helpless. T,..e Sultan then addressed the late confirm, and after expressing his dis like of piracy and slavery requested the captives to take their revenge by slaying the prates. The captives declin,leuteirig their enemies to pieces, saying, " God is great, and will vanish the wicked." The Sultan then addressed himself to angeeran Moormein (the prime minister seleek, by Ad miral Cochrane), and it was agreed that the Sditaii and his minister should destroy the pirates between th as. The Sultan set the example: one of the pirates was cured to a tree, and the Sultan hurled at him a sp r which pierced the heart. This was a signal for the work of carnage. The followers of the Sultan and Pan gecran Moormein gave a shout of triumsli rushed on the pirates, and with parangs, spears, .:rod short swords, cut the helpless wretches to pieces—the stayers joiced at shedding the blood of their enemies—m of the captives turned their heads from the scene ! Burn was the summary execution under the direction of our new ally, the Sultan of Borneo. In cantradiginction to such tervity of character as the slaughter evinced the Sultan behaved kindly to the unfortunate captivcs, eight of wham were afterwards brought to Singapore. The hospitabb conduct of the Borneoese is beyond all praise. Of the thirty captives alluded to above, nine were clothed and fed by Pai.gerran Moormein, sixteen by Baba Mating, and five by ()rang ltya do C;adong (rich goilown-man or merchant). Twenty two captives still remained at Bruni. Whilst the pirates were at Blanton (South Natunas), a Chinese captive being sick and unable to work was sacriflezel the poor wretched man was tied up to the branch of a tree, and the pirates, wvh their swords, cut him to pieces, for the double purpose of ridding themselves of u burden; and, also, as they expressed it, to arcertain if t lie, swords were sufficiently sharp for defence when attack ! The Sultan of Borneo is stated to affird every encours,,, mr nt to trade. The Sultan has ceased to demand presents, hut levies in their stead a duty of one per cent. on every ton .1 cargo exported; an arrangement which is more satisfactory to the trader. COLONUL. SOUTH AUSTRALIA.—ADELAIDE.—There are advice' from this colony to the 2Gtb of May. The comple tion of the South Australia Mining Alsocia , ion's decd of settlement made quite an event in Adelaide, and, coupled with the highly favourable reports from " Stock's Shaft," had a tendency to influence the market value of ',arcs. It was contemplated by the government to erect a lighthouse in lieu of the lightship till then in use at the bar. An offer had been made to the government to erect the lighthouse with suitable apartments for the pilots, on the bar, near the moorings of the Teasel, for the sum of 3,0001., and an estimate was to be laid before the council, with a view to its being carried into effect. The present vessel had already bail a large sum expended on her L.r repairs. MAURITIUS.—There are :Mauritius advice' to the 11th May. The commercial prospects had brightened np a little. Rice, Bengal cleaned moorghay, wan • ef.ing at 2 dole. 90c. to 3 dols. 'Loc. per bag. About 00,000 bap were expected from Calcutta. Freights were low: to Great Bri tain 31. 10s. to 31. 12s. Gd, and to the Cape 21. Exchange: Treasury bills, 30 days, Ito per cent. premium ; private bills, 6 months, 2 to 3 per cent. discount. CIIINA. In illustration of the disputes between tho Eng lish plenipotentiary and the people of Bonen we append to OUT account of the transaction given yesterday some more facts and interesting documents. The first is the petition of the owners of the ground, which it had been determined to purchase or to rent, which wan sent in defiance of all preee dent directly to Sir J. Davis, without pawing through the hands and scrutiny of the Chinese local authorities. l'wan-ahaow-kwang, Pwan rze-ching, Pwan-cbing ehaag, Pwan-szee, l'wan-ching-le, and Pwan-see-yang, the sass and grandsons of the former hong mercheat is the Ten-wan firm, with all their kindred, reepectfully petition the great minister and plenipotentiary of Great Britain. Our ancestor established during the reign of lieen.lueg (1736.96) the firm of Tung-wan, and lived for a long while on very good terms with the members of the British factory, and was under the highest obligation for the great and un divided kindness shown by them towards him, in all his com mercial transactions. With the property accumulated he bought some ground at Bonen, in front of an ancestorial temple. From the proceeds of this the sacrifices to the manes of his ancestors were to be paid, and the various widowers, widows, and orphans provided with the necessaries of life. For several tens of years they have thus lived on the bounty, which was owing to you honourable nation, and derived their subsistence from those lands. We were informed by a proclamation of the great minister and plenipotentiary, that there was a wish of taking some ground on Ronan, especially that which was close to the river side, to erect buildings on it. Yesterday we likewise saw several individuals of your ho- pourable nation coming to the ground before the ancestorial temple at lloaan, to survey that patch. The houses on both aides of our ancestorial temple are the habitations of men and women. To the left is a sandy ground, which hu re cently been filled up, ant originally constituted fie: la At the increase of the population, however, and the difficulty of 'renting houses, it was resolved to divide this parcel of ground to fill it up, for which each had to contribute money, and then to erect houses. The ponds and cultivated spots tar nish the expenses for the sacrifices to the =onion, and the support of widowers, widows, and orphans. If these widows l an d orphans were even well paid (for their property), it would be difficult for them to go elsewhere to obtain &liveli hood, whilst nothing remains to them but to cultivate the fields in person that arc before the ancestorial temple, and thus maintain themselves. We are aware that the plcnipo• tentiary and great minister issued a proc l a mation ordering the inhabitants quietly to go on with their respective trades. This sufficiently convinces us that you are actuated by love and benevolence, and your extreme kindness influences the people and causes every one to remain quiet in the enjoy ment of his property, and thus have a never-failing support We have now heard some confused rumours that the land on the premises before the ancestorial temple, as well as the recently reclaimed sandy ground, are to be bought. Std! we ought to remark, that this place extends far into inhabited villages, and is net in immediate count xion with the river. If this spot is really wanted, all our kindred will be deprived of their abodes. This would also not be in accordance with the previous proclamation to the people, ordering them quietly to go on with their respective trades, nor would it answer our constant expectations that (the purchase) could not take place. Our families in the various houses on hear ing of it were exceedingly terrified, and induced to address this petition to your excellency, humbly h.,ping that you Will show us extraordinary benevolence and kindness, and grant us the favour of not losing the resources for defraying the sacrifices of our ancestors, and for providing the necessaries of life for several tens of poor orphans and widows, enwhich they depend, and we shall ever feel grateful for your prat benevolence. Whilst presenting this at the tribunal of the British plenipotentiary and great minister, we trust the prayer will to granted. The sons and grandsons of the late 'rung-wan firm and all their kindred respectfully thus peti tion.—Taculesemeg, 27th year, 4th month." A petition so pathetically preferred could only be complied with, and Sir J. Davis allowed the Pisan family. both past and present, to rest at peace, saying the sites required should be sought elsewhere.—Shih-wet-tang in the neighbourhood was fixed on, but when it became known that the Eusqui or foreigners were about to establish themselves there, the people manifested a very strong desire to set fire to the factories already existing at Canton. Acesrffingly, after a pullie meeting on the subject at the Consoo.hall (house of the hong merchants), some Chinese vagabonds actually fired a new boat-house and a mat shed outside the factories, but the flames were speedily extra- Fuitbod. Having been disappointed in this mode of inflam ing the public hatred against the British, the mob issued the following incendiary placard " Shih-wei-tang is a territory not two leggina distant from the Provincial City, and is the principal thoroughfare between the western and northern branches of the river. Every day the rich and poor meet there in crowds, and vessels pass up and down, and move about the river in endless succession ,• and if we add to this that the people in an easterly direction and in the depend - due thoroughfare fit ire "sat rtant, for jocommands °nu wing.hie intervention. works round the tonress. unn anytmug uo morn sale ‘..arraisse „,„,„ „,„“ shall appear most favourable for (Pyrenies Orientales), en Sunday, 10th inet. A port at tne naming, inn snen OMR', no ..n.sang • •••• The public opinion in France on the appointment conclusive ? I apprehend . old Metternich will be Perseus. Addresses ex retain gratitude to the Queen for O lt! late circa• , erected fur the bull raoe, fell in under the weight of perforating the bottom o f the boat. Suck was his power of about the river in endless succession • and if we ad of the Duke d Aamale to the office of Governor- found out to NY on thus point not only flexible but decree of amnesty continue to pour in front the provinces, the spectators. One child crushed to atom., seveutcn lifting as to bear up the vessel with its contents on tie bark, this that the people in an easterly direction and en Genswal of Algeria may be collected from the fact, genuflexible, notwithstanding what Lord Byron said adding to the sense of di•oppoir . tment which is Mt in the persons injured, six seriously, twenty others much bruised, and then threw it aside ;the boat and cargo foundered imam- western vallejs depend on Qua thoroughfare that of the twenty journals and apwards published when he contrasted the humble attitude of the early opitni at the frustration of its generous provisions in the CUP care the results of this deplorable festival. The following are diately, but the men were lucky enough to elude further their food, it Will appear still more important in Paris, there is bat one which has not condemned successors of Rudolph Von Ilapaburg with the of Espartero. the particulars given by an eye-witness : A part of Vie, af- molestation, and cscayed by swimming aslisre." it is the very throat of Canton, and indeed comm THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 28, 1847. commenced r