The Express. — London, England, 1852-05-03 00:00:00

Vie ferprelso. TO CORRESPONDENTS. •••• ttire•i. The Goer.' rahheeet oar ...aireS Grow bi ." el rallied rmy Trerry sae mow .14114. In deem 1 • 4• br rt. ii.ntrromiststainied ter "The lisyms.." Larks a.eming ma , rie nom le. Cvevenrauft:, by Two ••••• se Ur la et rabilersh. NION WATZU •T LONDON SWOON. Two Dia —llldeula& I. HA. Ahnues. Ib Us& teampabow—aidraft& vs........Anerma. leak LONDON, MONDAY, MAY 3. " le," said Mr. DISRAELI, in the course of his llWendel statement, " measures of direct taxation aro to form, not temporary, but permanent features of ear system of finance, we cannot rest on a sys . tem of imemptions." This opinion applied to the income tax—to which ithad reference—requires an argument, lint if we apply it to the too direct, too partial, and erippling duties upon advertisements, we shall had the dogma perfectly mooniest. If also, in ex emplifyieg the evils of direct taxation, the present CHANCELLOR of the ESCHEWER finds it a grave injustice that out of 3,500,0iin houses in this etnutry, 3,100,000 of them aro exempt from the house tax. is it not an equally ear beg injuetice that out of all the means and appliances resorted to in the furious struggles of competition fur publishing advertisements the hest and surest means—those presented b newspapers, and magazines or pamphlets—should alone be contracted, garrotted, excised by a vexatious duty ? The exemptions from the advertisement duty are not six to one, as they are from the house-tax, but a hundred to one. To the two media for commercial publicity which are subject to tax, there are hun dreds of others left unscathed by the commissioners of inland revenues. Bill-stickers have free warren over all the waste walls in the three kiagdoms ; they carry on the paper-hanging business swayed by any hint to " beware' of Somerset-house. The lest new play, the latest quack pill, the heelled mueder, or the forthcoming charity dinner. may pemielen itself from ex-mural emblazonments of tremendmm dime. ions, gratis; but let any of these imieutly mm rem itself into the columns of a newspaper, and me Milling and sixpence is ruthlessly grasped from lie proprietors of the journal in Irk* it appeme i tea a contribution towards the exposes of the si. Literature suffers in like maser: wbotkor a tw► penny periodical or an orarlopolia, prim ISL. by advertised in a newspaper sr is a pamphlet exactly the same sum (eightegarees) is levied gra each ; but, plastered upon decayed gsble-ends, or biasing upon variegated walls, or forcing attention from men's shoulders, literature is exempt. Under such circumstances, wisdom crieth out in the streets ead no (tax-) man regarde th it. Those wooden houses upon wheels, which stop up thoroughfares and pub lish the glories of bats manias, the wonders of cheap tailoring, or the marvellous deceptions achieved by artificial teeth and ventilating wigs, are not taxed carts ; the surgical instrument maker, who stencils the pavements with his shop card, brings down upon the paving commissioners no pecuniary demand from their brother commissioners of stamps and taxes ; although them lest send in their little bill with menacing promptitude to the proprietors of any newspaper who may presume to ink their paper with precisely the same Words. The dividends of the Waterloo bridge proprietary are not diminished by the vigi lance of the inland Revenue Office because of the gigantic entreaties posted under their arches, enjoin ing the public, in immense capitals, to go to Cre morne-gardens, to visit VauxhalLor to buy . their win ter clothing in Battle-bridge. Advertisements in the various forms of hand-bills, show-bills, shop bills; advertisements thrown into omnibuses, or showered oat of air-balloons, or delivered through the post, or insidiously inserted in patent medicines, or packed up with groceries, or pasted upon pickle bottles, or nailed up in cabs and railway carriages, or punched neon halfpence, or embossed upon stationery, or printed inside envelopes, are, with a thousand other ways sad maw of advertising, exempted from tax or impost, A !main, artfully insinuated be tween the leaves of any sort of periodical, is another memption; but if it be stitched in with the leaves= printed on tin m, it is charged. An ad meat publish."fa s book of one sheet, or of less than eight Ames (by set of parliament, a pamphlet) pays duel but if in a work co= these tint t sheet/. it is not The eesdl te, therein. of a smell book, an maned smeller, whibt &sprats of "great book me at banded with. The Mme of the Emma law cm the grateeet of eiverlimmegb were men esesbleat. althea. more them ger own bedews: they esed ; I ll ety ors ma met of adverdemsm4 whe ther appeared en the vas of an empty gession me is the crowded aims ef is idly newspaper. Theraasered • velem el GlMlllthes as much as Mr.ammus Esse.ami Wad all sorb and condi tion of Ohs emesensements is dolor tsdL The sumement Miligtek gra English newspapers bensmalemobsurd,andleillebegella As we explained Ms hi !hide, it chokes the flew of revenue into lib PIE I for, to apply le the advertisement bps& rather sesames Eels Mr. Manassas slo west wheels big headed It is midge war epn gelid whim\ titimetely mot employ that warr ie t i r isat enza wbh to promote Nor does fee ea these; it genies on an higmedee war w ith OM, end paper duties. TM three taxes to width siemegm subject eat ens emethm. The stamp. the eked.- iba Oneleopmers, rements the and muse :=liseitieseriera. @draftsman; whfie the duty, seetrieting the number of Meer- Ohm the sake( sewergma smigemegenently diminiose the Teems imbed km peer and skew lholt ass oikorilmost dinly were tipalled, .taMbhed amaireme Todd hem te print and meaty egbjennale wield beaded sWir —w isteese. Itoolkly taut great. cambia mil emerebsn dee iambi emissers edible b. It wee alesdie in thelemin diet am Med le" " be " B." and le N'ered; abs ;,/ tense ern severest advertisemeeb end mes a: advertisers - is beide& But gee impa ct the dad "system of exempdons" wider whieli ail iz a labour, mins us, we must sonless, t to wait. Ours, we are bold =t a to in net at " igeerget impatience of an berherme pedneed by knowing all about it—by hew ti e r a tax which restricts free ammanisatien beeves& maims who want ser ails gall asnemte who want s, between the wart mad esstemer, between the sucker and emb alms therr and obipowror,biallw am& auctioneer, bear sad ndsrp sad the themend ether deism sad gestic= of oar great come tinily at home and abroad, lebresa whom easy sand peso t istmemmuniem time is the sole swam of ty—is a tee whisk go gephltry can justify, wri;ll%; met of es rheumy eta warrant. It is a tax which oremnits the dime of which finance takes migeimmee ; Foos it does what Falaof only longed to do—lt robs the Imberer. Mabee* therefore our prsesat CHANCELLOR of the atCalltttlia, peafoteil_enlaced of the pro vilemel madams sled et the revenue menngemseb el his predess=era. ' hes adopted their &dist m ea frauds ; lag le het web their budget— of use of hie sem remise) —his bedget ; although he hes will for 'Darkling mystification of a jaggier amble ridge balls, kept the headset of them set el tight and hidden kra time the 2,700.0001. et surplus ; yet it camel mask bag egnesaled alder the sharp mentby of a detective committee ef ways sad means. How he Mends to dispose of that partially concealed eismenre he will, perhaps, be geed enough to explain whim Gelled upon to do se. We hope that the homed& member whose media for the abolition of the varies' fiscal berthing upon newspapers will NM OS out week. will ram that motion to a divides. with eared Firma to the half veiled ▪ V a glar, altneggs me bee te the revenue can, it ie take dew yak ingenand as pro Ansa' lees mime be estieseed be, maenad that he will prem 1.011 " a 60 Effleis Wag. at lomt, applied to the repeal of the tax ea advertisements. l'nz Militia Bill is to come again before the House of Commons this evening, when several " rock" algid" will present thmeslves. Mr. COBDEN, Col. 81118011 P, Mr. CHA2TEIII7, Mr. BUNINTET, Sir HUM WILLOUGHBY, Mr. HODOra, and Mr. W. J. ' Fox have na11116111•11; to move. The first of these will arise me the Mild for going into committee, when Mr. 010•11111 is to move for certain returns re lative to MR MS tome, and farthel.tnlmPon• the adjosrmesut et tits Militia Bill rata these retail*, are obtained. LeolDwasy and his coffespies her hitherto gene Ira the ;principle of " the sense of up= their *less plane: Upon proleslism they would take the sense of the nation ; yea Asir owe pone chime is the reten tion of Mies Imp ester to the same ultimate autho rity ; whilst lbek itself is declared to be only s provisional me. il lg t y not, upon this question of militia, let the electors tell their own story? if we really want defences, let us have them. Only let them be real defences —which militia cannot be. Let us have realities, not shame. Let the country decide whether or not a conscrip tion will suit them better than any other means of maintaining s defensive tone. The delay that has been applied to other things may, then, be well tried upon this, and by the motion of the hoe. member foe the West Riding a greet difficulty may be over come if his usual antagonists know hen best to make use of the opportunity. All men—whip as well as tories—may be sure that the militia test will be a weighty one at the coming hustings. Lord JOHN RusseLL's bill was rejected because his militia plan was not considered likely to add sufficiently to the defence of the countr y , and Mr. WALPOLE'S bill, by his own acknowledgment, lies under the same disadvantage. "We would have proposed an increase to the regular army," says the hors. gentleman, " but we knew you would have raised an outcry." But surely this is not statesman ship? If we really want forces, we must have them, and the nation has never objected to pay the piper for all that was really needed. The nation has never objected to a proper maintenance of land forces, to the armament of our numerous con tract mail steamers, to recalling our fleet from the Mediterranean; but what they have and do object to is the misapplication of funds voted for cer tain particular purposes. The executive may . say, and with justice, that we have numerous possessions, and that these possessions must be maintained, and that to do this we must have troops in them. True • Unable, Main, and Montreal, the keys of our No rth Amman gemmeions, must be garrisoned ; Gibraltar, Malta, tad &eh, by which the Mediterranean and the Adridis we held, must be maintained ; Ceylon, Mauritius, sad lierbaden can scarcely be left unde fended ; holl—thew facts being admitted—we ask in the NM oramm. tense what is the use of the beaked sad ese pity, useless, sickly detachments from thew heniperters ? Are our troops raised and paid to set as salimmen, and to be oat sop by favor in all quarters of tie glebe? Of whet wee are de taehments et Adige% _Trinidad, gt LlskA, and is dray other mat kind in the Wed Indies ? Of wild soil ass are sigiddb in Nova Sadie and New Illmaretisk P Ot what vie the scattered outposts in New lien* Wald Tea Di ma's Land, and in the bin Male At any ewe ei these latter places ear Weep, writ far too nuasroas for time of peace, seed' be totally unable to make even a fair show of resianaes in time of war. Weald, in cam of hosti lities, the possession of any one of these petty stations be decided by one flag or another flying there for a few days? or would their ownership be settled by the battles fought in the sees and conti nent of Europe? Look at the Bermudas. A num ber of islands surrounded by a dangerous reef, in which there is but one practicable en trance for large vessels. A fort in a small island commands the entrance, which is used by vessels desirous of reaching the dockyard, situated on another island at the northern extremity of the group. Beyond this first battery is a large fort com manding also the entrance, as well as the channel to the dockyard, which is itself fortified. The de fence of these islands consists solely in their forts—in opposition to the fire of which no vessel could reach the dockyard. Yet a line regiment is stationed there--perhaps to protect the semmisearist chest, which the Midi= goversar bra removed to the aeighboorised 'this own lam an an unfortified island tamed the swim kW. The huts are sufficient te are necessary Feted Or end millosesee to MB ANL AINI Wok, the Is eli—Os if by any chance a Beet abseil lora& dienwgh Nis herder, of what use would bo a solitary leo seemed anent surren der ? Why, thsreihreb walls there P It we meat men at he.., why net call home the rases body from Doesedes; sad, in like manner, the men weds& is sass lime Would ant the recalling Cl Sue imams weak de barments give us pest drifting strength of swim troops at bee—a strength wan which we mould rely lasted Cl *kin to be s• me safety upon • militia rewsisa by • bounty—thin dry mode for preventing Yam , isee from emindeering ? It has boss them= of this erothy that men in power will not 141115 some thrsol . EA state their real feelings on pffilleira Osatbriald wen lave been raised for pretestin the MOM aley have ben drilled at great expense hi nab area to man as batteries in case Cl ~gamey. Dockyard wedisna have also been incorporated that in event its nibs snack they may oppose a sadden land. is d ra m ba if you take your coast-guard-tan hem his or the workman from his dock :4 who will look after your revenue, or your shipping at the time it is most wanted? The government now want to raise a militia. It was first stated that this militia was to do wonders, that it was to rise like one man and drive the invaders into the sea; bet somehow or an other the value of this horse marine body has grads alsolzporsted; and the reason now put forward for it is, that it would be suitable for garrisoning =th, Plymouth, and other important points, e l melees vs possess might be enabled to take Or SW DO town our army got repulsed—and whsi oismid crE - lm bond to take the command of INg sow without taking precautions for providing fl/R scab a essisky—wiese Si he to obtain realer's"- iiiiiWiftma abode= Walk made up of madm an atilfwegit and hey matey downs? If Mr.Wsi.- PMMlimald take the trouble to 'Let any of our depots see we whet a recruit is after three weeks' drill, beadeht perhaps be prevailed upon to give up this shod militia hobby, that has alread . y got him into an absurd serape, and will lead him into man more yet. Let him visit any of our drill and see how often old soldiers make m and he will not then be surprised that soldiers,—we mean men who have seen some service,--ehould have strong doubts as to the efficiency of militia. A good deal has been said about what a militia has dons, and the success of the American revolution has been quoted more than once. But let us see to what extent this success extended. When the disturb ances fleet broke out in that country, a se lect militia was enrolled, bound to appear in arms at a minute's warning, whence they were called Minute-Men. These were exhorted to perfect them selves as speedily as possible in military exercises. Few men could have shown more courage and good will; yet at the very fi rst engagement at Bunker's hill they were forced to give way, and defeat after defeat followed in spite of all the dilatoriness and incapacity of a HONE and the genius of a WASHING TON. ETHAN ALLAN was defeated before Montreal Colonel Amour in his attempt upon Quebec; and Woosees, who succeeded him, at the Cedars, the Three Riven and Lake Champl ain t G amm a G RKEN at Brooklyn; and WeentioroN—who witnessed the latter engagement—wrote to Congress, saying : " The militia, instead of calling forth their utmost efforts, are dismayed, intractable, and impa tient to return. Great numbers of them have gone ▪ some instances almost by whole regiments, by half ones, and by companies at a time . . . . and with the deceit concern I am obliged to confess my . wistat sess in the generality d these ▪ 1161111111116 WASHINGTON himself remodel= Challmeton Hill and fell back to the Ponneylvenia side d Ile Delaware, whilst Fort Washiness was Maid ley imeault. Now all those Ashes, si sees exeselleeted by trooped &slime figh is the e I=t their own fellow-subjects whilet their following out a temporising p sBcy—tbs Americans had time to get their men into milks% cede r. But ca what would be our me were some thendad nitro% Frenchmen to drive our militias Swam into Yorkshire P Would a CAVAIONAC or a LAMONT. Clear. respect our national institutions, protect our fictorie., and save our villages from conflagration, se , the English commanders did in America? Would they give our generals some six months to form their raw militias into good soldiers, and inane's/ea Ile warfare? No, no Militiamen are to be eitsedisi for opposing as invader ; but if we rely os sada the national d e fence—Heaven help ns—for the pemier meet of our folly will be indeed severe. The natural means for greater defence, if that be wanted, is, se we have often said, to bring the fleet into the ChanneL Man the ships which are lying useless by the dozen in the Hamm:e and in Ports meth doiLerds. Aso the :infantry with thostgrenk m a w ' sitar ingesieme gumshoes lave pop the artillery its dation' instead It irrop7Og it ea, a show tin Woolwich Common it tip admiration. of nursegy-maids and the ridicule °couch bailed as Sir Mayas Nuts. Accept the services of those who, having a real bosefirls stake in the country, did—at the first outbreak of the late inossiettalartn—oirer their services gratuitously and I generously. If the mere word militia is wanted, call these volunteer rifle-men "militia corps"; glee them an adjutant and drill sergeants. Take inch steps with our enormous mercantile navy as shall render it an impossibility for an enemy to get possession of the Channel. Above all, let us, at least, be sure we aro in the right road before we waste hope, time, and money in an useless and demoralised force like the proposed militia. AVABUINGTON, at the outset of those hostilities which ho carried on so gloriously for his country against British forces, felt strongly the want of dis cipline among the raw levies he commanded, although those levies were endowed with ever) , feeling of patriotism, and with great hatred of their opponents. "It takes," says the patriot general, " two or three months to bring now men acquainted with their duty; but it take* a longer time to bring a people of the temper and genius of these into such • subordinate way of thinking as is necessary for a soldier." But that discipline and spirit of subordi nation which WASMNOTON, in the midst of a ;patri otic war, was unable to diffuse into his fellow countrymen in several months, Mr. Secretary Wm.- POLE thinks he can accomplish in twenty-one days in times of profound peace. THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, MAY 3, 1852. r' FRANCE. PARIS, SATURDAY RIMMING. The fête of the 10th of May will be exclusively military. The Senate, the Corps Legislatif, and the Council of State will not attend in collective corps. Each member will receive a private invitation for himself and family, and will attend the fête simply u a private individual in the reserved tribunes. The ball-supper is ordered for 18,000. A hundred Accra have been appointed stewards, to maintain an orderly circulation at the ball. The immense number of per sons invited has suggested . precautions, to avoid accidents from tho want of solidity in the floors and staircases, of temporary constructions. Some of the Arab chiefs who aro to be present at the fête of the 10th inst. have arrived in Paris. These chiefs, among whom will be the celebrated Kaid Ali, sow Kahle of the Karades, the Kalifs of the Medjana, and the members el the Ina Arab families, will have with thus a aumersie suite. They will have all their arms mg ogalpmeate with them e mad will be ressated he the review oa horns from the stalies el the heelball at the Republic. The following ip the Mat of the errEM de conitit notified by the pig d die Seise to the Tribunal of First lasteasei— de —he deems of January 22 was issued by the Siliilimit of the Republic, in the plenitude of his kestativo Saw ; that, according to the terms of art. 68 aim Oksilallen„ it has the complete character, and is to bike the ask ea law ; Ookblerlng that this decree has peonouneed in a deflid live manner the restitution to the domain of the state of the Mcomprimi k the donation of the 7th August, ade by the late King Louis Philippe to his chil dren ; that the Ilesoles of Neuilly and Monceau: are by name aenerhal Is lilt donation, and that by a second de creed Much If liesiatinistration of the domains was 'inhales* to mood with the sale of it in the forme pre. melba be OS ale of domain property i ofC=that the act of taking polemic& in the name Ilsa &mai= in quietism Is 'sly the esesgenees densatestation of the above daresertht er Z the moms takes so Is be takes try the administrating to carry late swat the sale of those demise onset notatially and ezelefively winds the sunbathes et the slabber& tire satheolty ; Ourideolte that ills tollmala sweet debate take mai mass etas awe of he geverameet sad of the Modeler& Use I Midler* that 610 joint property which might exist wangled to a poet of thou destelas an be so abets& to Ilio eat et the wide by the sibehettratiss of the dr shirk uhhost pededlee to the *lle of a did peer, e= the lens of llth sad ellh MOM t therefore, that the ems& tamed by Ile behest es daub ILlse a t ils eisPbappokholas is molts' to the elleee suidhasi sal Itemling to impede aides it the eimblasaika, elhaael. is halt le k solosesodos Is the laws whhh pos. Mikan asesellim ham te eosaiammee et the aim of the geremerms and el the sitsia etrase% awl he *keel the mideis diem eneratisa et pewees. tam thesemettese we deems : The mils% of asalhatlis is eses nd ia the = 1 Wise the Flint Ch—he of the Civil Talhasst ct holies sift lisisa Isom the his of the dessmed Zing Loeb Raw ail the Diembir•Seseral of liestatas *a eel Daerins. Is sossipanne at Ike parson at the NM et Apdl. The gist chiefly to be noticed in this document is the Mob is which the legality of the decree of con tiguities ie male out. The cowarliai sled& of the oledllallea ordains that all degrees Weed by the Psualisall in the interval hare the sum motion of the hildetere are to km the brae d law. lays M. Berger, the deem of January 22 hoe SI C brae of law. This the pgre of theleine realms in a circle, the real thuetiem at at lavin_ _the le gality of that these la the seaditadoa ai l s ] im =the passible abolition of all law whatever in by the MOM force of the will at M. Louis =That such a ponalility wee ewer in the idiom ocebered by theAraissite so rational pesos can meistain. Meaawhil; the case will sat be decided by the Council el State for three weeks or a month. IL Bargees ease mast risk deposited tor several depe . st the Begietzses also , at the Palais de Justin. 11. Mathieu Boast sad M. Fevre, advocates at theoeart if Ihmalies. have been appointed counsel to dehad lit imMillibst the °rheas - family. Several persons =pia to the public sitting of the Section ifs abid in expectation that the question wadi lie ' t on. M. Gado de Campus has retired from the Tie42llnWing paragraph of the Patric' repeats moms reports contained in previous letter.:—" The expense, of the budget et 1803, as compared with the receipts, show & deficit of 40 millions; but, sooord ing to all appearance, oar troops will soon cease to • Italy, and that withdrawal will lead to occu • diminution the expenses of the war depart ment." The Moniker contains a decree, which after re citing that by the decree of the 2nd of May, 1848, it was declared that the only national silver money waisted of pieces of SE, 2f.. and If. 50 centimes and 20 centimes, and stating that inasmuch as pieces of 25 centimes were not included in that nomenclature, those pieces, by the very fact of the omission, had I ceased to be national money, directs that the silver I pieces of 25 centimes shall be withdrawn from the circulation. After the let of October next they will cease to be a legal currency, but they will be received up to the 31st of December, in payment of taxes of every description. The Belle& de Lois publishes a decree of the 20th ult., giving the appropriation of a credit of 16,296,000 f., accorded on March 17 for various state services. Of that amount a sum of 1,414,0001 is appropriated to the Senate, 1,947,600 E to the Council of State, and 701,600 f. to the legislative body; the expense of the three bodies being 4,063,160 f. The remaining sum of 11,132,930 f is appropriated to the general verrism, eistry and extraordinary; the former insbediss =pin of national palaces, and the keeping p asthma manufactories of Sevres, the Catalina, sled Baena& I sad the latter, consisting of cridlathisn of the mid of the L ouvre and the lineisnlindlsof theßee ielliveli,forwhich 2,925,000 f. rumealls7i. and the jemellia of the Tuileries and %WOW M. °ldeal pude* at the annual general meeting et the Soder, he the lacouragement of Primary Instruction urns Peolsoleets in France, which was held to-day he the 'beagle de l'Oratoiro. Admiral Gaudin, M. F. Delemert, end the protestant ministers MM. Orandpierre, Motes, Montaudon, Verily, end Coquerrl, were on the platform. The announcement that M. duixot would make a speech attracted a very large audience, who listened with deep attention to a long and eloquent discourse, to which I can only shortly allude. M. Onirot spoke of the dateable' which he, as • political man, had encountered in days gate by to obtain, and that but imperfectly, a proper place for Christian teaching on the system of popular instruction. He insisted that instruction was =thing worth without education, and that there could he no =eh thing as education without religion. He drew a ea:perm= between the, system of education SWITZERLAND. ,- - which had prevailed in France and in England of that porties et hie agree on the press Mat during the let thirty year, and =reseed a marked ing to the 4 editors. preferencefor the English thoL In France, he said, the laity held the first plasm There was a , certain seopi s Evemtor free religious Mashing, but the main Ise and general direction bad been in , the hands the stets. In England, be salaried, popular instruction was essentially confided to the Inational church. Numerous and delicate cpessiions I had arisen, and were yet pending between the English authorities ; the respective influences of the state and of the established church were not yet well defined, balanced, and brought into harmony ; bat in the main Christian authority preserved the preponde rance. France had now a tendency to return to • similar system. M. GM:et then entered into 'Misdeal details of the state of Protestantism in France, and concluded by lamenting the disastrous conse quences of various wild theories which had deluded a vast proportion of the population. It was, above all things, necesenry to struggle against those tempters who would corrupt souls in order to gain the phy sical force of the people for their own ends. During the late mission of M. Quentin Bauchart in the southern departments, ho examined the caws of 3,030 prisoner, of whom ho set at liberty 1,377, and granted commutations to 1,047. This large number of commutations as compared with those granted by General Canrobert and Colonel Espi name, coupled with the fact that M. Q. Benghazi's report of his mission has not hitherto been weds public, leads to the supposition that his views re specting the probable consequences of clemency are not in accordance with those of his brother caw missioners. M. Failly, a legitimist member of the late National Assembly, and of the Council General of the Dens- Sevres, has refused the oath. Many thimble sal legitimists belonging to the Councils General are ex pected to follow the example set by M. Estaseelin. Among the leading names mentioned are those of MM. de Broglie, Bengt, de Seger, formerly a peer ce of Fran; Paul de r, his son ; Howyn Tran chdre, and Grangier de la Marinitlre. The great memassof the republican party, with the venerable Dupont (do l'Eure) at their head, will probably refuse. M. Dupont has already resigned the mayoralty of the little commune of Rougeperriers, which he has held for many years. All the members of the Tribunal of Commerce at Evreux have refused the oath. At Le Mans eight out of ten members of the tribunal have refused. It is impossible to help ob serving that the members of the Council General, and of the Tribunal of Commerce are all now salaried functionaries. The number of refusal. among the paid servants of the public is very small indeed. The Public says it is assured that orders have been given by the Minister of War for the formation of On camp at Compiegne, and that officers of the dad are now engaged in making the general arrangements for it. A placard similar to the one seized in the Fau bourg' St. Dais and St. Martin, bearing the title Appel au P was the day before yesterday found L i t= disconwed. d Ivry. The author of it At the Bourse, the Four-and-a-Half per Cents. fell 35c., closing at 100; the Three per Cents. rose 10c., and closed at 70.70 c. The railway market was weaker, but without much change from yesterday. Rouen fell 5. SUMMIT EIMNINCI M. Abbattucci, the minister of justice, has written a circular to the preenrcurs-general, desiring them to enforce the law of September 9, 1848, against ex cessively protracted labour in manufactories. This law from the first gave rise to considerable difficulties, out although on the 17th of May, 1851, the then government issued some explanatory regulations upon the subject, the masters have very pserally contrived to evade the law. M. Abbabassi, now remarks that it is for the interest of the masters as well as the men, that the hours of labour shield not be such as to exhaust the strength of the workman, l and that they should be the same in all betide.. If exceptions occur, the masters who keep the law are injured by the competition of those who, by working longer time, are enabled to undersell them. The limits fixed by the legislature in the name of hu manity must, he says, be scrupulously observed by everybody. The President to-day reviewed the 3rd division of the army of Paris in the Court of Tuileries. This division, consisting of three brigades of infantry, three batteries of artillery, and the brigade of cuiras siers now in garrison at Versailles, marched to the at half-past 11, under the command of Gene- Levayssseur. s The brigades were commanded by Generals Alphonse, Manilas, and &peed. General d'Allonville commanded the cavalry. As usual at these Sunday reviews, the public were kept at a distance. It has been thought undesirable that the manifestations of enthusiasm which the troops have been trained to exhibit during the last two months, should be heard prematurely by the people, in order that the crowning cry of " Vice rE ' mpereur " which is to resound in the Champs do Mars on the 10th % heirs pr et ti er"V til i e ve m N ore spo s l tar eon t " lin an g d e ' ff • e li t' vel T 'E h m e pe " re ld ur iers " ' tho giving the signals, and Gen. St. Arnaud drubtlentonat farmer renews,being the first to set the =eallossral tidies and friends of the President'. were is the bakenies of the Tuileries, and nistribated their ends et acclamations. After the = the ftii e President returned to the Elyse as by the Roe Riven. He looked eves MVO Milos than usual. Cries of "Viva Napless" edited him several groups as be rode along, bat idol were long intervals between the cries. He absent, and raised his hand to his hat now eared absent, mechanically, without seeming to salute Nei auks particular. It was remarked in the crowd Illeill the President seldom takes off his his hat to the =r and that he has yet to learn the graceful of sainting which gained Louis Philippe ase pig approving smiles before his popularity was in is OM 11111111. Lad night took place the ball at the Tuileries, twice delbered on account of the deaths of Prince Paid et Wurtemberg and the Grand Duke of Baden. Thu President wore the uniform of a general of the array. For the first time he was preceded by an usher, who cried eat to the people to make way for the Prism %Nig the President dines with his uncle Jerome rettat of the Senate, at the Luxembourg. This e s olily exespties which the Prince has yet made to his rule of not accepting any invitation to dinner. Loss Harshen he. attempted to make peace between the ex-king ci Westphalia and General d'Hantrosl, who aro at odds upon several other quesdees relating to the Senate, besides the appoint ment of the libearfaxon which they lately quarrelled. It is emoted, is assarquasse ot this authoritative medial/ea, that It. Parra will return to the post which he I*. resigned ! is cemagasnee of the grand reterosibrYl euraspssftl allusion to the theatrical source of kb pane's& TwastTimene Arab chiefs, aghas, or chicks, arrived at lles ea the Seth of April, from the province of Oran, inllein, as their way to Paris for the fate of the 1 0t i GERMANY. PRUSSIA. The Berlin journals of the 28th ult. bring details epos the subject of the royal message of the 28th ult. The communication was made to both cham bers; and, as appears by the parliamentary reports, la not a decree abolishing the articles of the consti tution, and regulating the organisation of the peer age by the royal will, but a new bill, which is in the Second Chamber to go through the ordinary course. In the First Chamber it was resolved to refer the bill to the existing committee on the constitution of the body concerned. In the Second Chamber a commit tee was appointed to consider the measure. The minister desired that the matter might be quickly despatched. In the same sitting of the 28th, the Second Chamber came to two other important votes. It rejected by a majority of 186 to $2 the resolution of the First Chamber, and which, dividing the budget of ordinary and extraordinary expenses, decided that the first should be no longer fixed annu ally, but once for all, and that no future modification should take place, except by a law. It also rejected by 225 to 57 another decision of the First Chamber, by which it had declared, in opposition to the consti tution, that it could veto the budget, article by ar ticle, like the Second Chamber. BADEN. Letters from Baden state that the afflicted Prince Louis, hereditary Grand Duke of Baden, has spon taneously and for ever renounced his sovereign rights in favour of his younger brother, Prince Frederick, now administering the affairs of the government in his name. BAVARIA. MUNICH, APRIL 30. Projects of law were to-day laid before the Ba varian Chambers whereby offences of the press will be withdrawn from the trial by jury, caution-money for journals established, allowances for deputies re duced, and the trade or profession tax changed. GREECE. A tclegraphice despatch, dated Athens, April 20, states that order was disturbed on Good Friday by a demonstration, but that tranquillity was speedily re established. THE MEDI MALTA, APRIL 28. Admiral Dundas with his fleet put to sea on Saturday morning. The Tensimet gumtion, so long the subject of dispute between Abbas Puha and the Sultan, has been definitively arranged through the mediation of Find Effendi, assisted by the European consuls-general, and the power of life and death—for a limited penod, some say seven, some nine years—is to be vested in the Viceroy, and other points re (erred to arbitration. All theta arrangements will prove very expensive to the Pasha, who will probably be expected to pay an increased rate of tribute to the sum already fixed, and which, as every one knows, is nearly 1,0001. a day. Venous sums ere mentioned as the possi ble Bekshis, but the lowest entertained is 15,0001. a year, many think 80 or 100,0001. nearer the mark. THE UNITED STATES. ARRIVAL OF THE AFRICA. Yesterday morning the Royal Mail steamer Africa, Capt. Harrison, arrived at Liverpool, at a little after 7 o'clock. from New York direct, with the usual mails and 107 passengers. The Africa sailed from New York on the 21st inst. at noon, and has made an excellent voyage of about 10 days and a half. The American steamer Arctic arrived at New York on Sunday, the 18th, atter a rapid passage of 11; days. The British steam-ship Asia arrived out at New York on the 21st ult., at half-past 11 in the forenoon. The pr. ceedings of congress were for the most part devoid of interest, the house having referred the Pub lic Printing Bill, which has been a bond of constant contention for some time pest, to the joint committee for final settlement. Kossuth was at Jersey city on the 19th, where he was received very favourably. He addressed large assemblages both at Trenton and Jersey city, and had proceeded to Newark. Commodore Stevens has published a reply to Mr. Mare's challenge to try Yankee "speed m sailing. The answer is to this effect : I regret it will not be in my power to accept the proposal of Mr. Mare, as I have at present no intention of visiting England again the ensuing season. You have the America in your waters, and when Mr. Mare builds a yacht of supe rior speed, we shall be most happy to give him a trial for the sum he mentions ' whenever he will do as the favour of returning the visit I bad the honour of paying the Royal Yacht Squadron at Cowes. . . A good deal of damage has been caused by the rising of the waters on the Monongahela and Alle gheny Rivers, particularly in the neighbourhood of Allegheny city and at Pittsburg. The water reached within 21 feet of the great freshet of 1832, when property to the extent of a million of dollars was dattroyed: on the present occasion it is esti mated at 400,000 dollars. The papers abound with reports of floods in all the rivers consequent on the breaking up of the winter. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, Aram 20. There is a spirited demand for leading stocks and railroad securities. Orders from Europe are received by every steamer, and with the present abundance of money here and the low rates of interest at which suereantile paper can be discounted, there l every prospect of a continued buoyancy in the market for wand dividend paying stocks. 'There has been a slight improvement in the demand for Foreign Exchange since the last steamer. We quote bills on London at 109 to 109 f ; Paris 6.20 to 6.211 ; Amsterdam, 401 to 401; Hamburg, 8! to 86f ; Bremen, 721 to 77f ; Frank fort, 40 to 401. The money market has uaimgons no alteration since oar last r CorroN.—A further ntn . ce of fully f_tol on "good middling" end upwards has bon seta s ince since our last review of the market per Atlantic, 17th instant. This has resulted sot from a speculative demand, or reduced esti mates of crops, or falling of in receipts, bat imply from the lightness of stock on sale, sad peat scarcity of the better descriptions. eraser LITMOOL 4100MTKIIIII II erne. New Orleans Allan& and Mobile. Ordinary, low to good , r . Iliddling, low to good to to 9 Middling, Isle to hdr 8 to n FationTs.—There is but little offering at present. Cot ton ie taken for Liverpool at 3-184. ; flour, Is. to Is. 2d. ; naval stores, Is. ; grain, 33 to 31. To London—Beef in tierces. 35.; dour, Is. 3d. to Is. 6d. To Havre—Cotton, id. per lb. • ashes, 6 dots . to 7 dols.; bark, 8 dole ; measure ment g o ods, 8 dots. ; rice, 8 dole. FLova.—The range for the common to straight brands of State, and common to good Ohio, is 4 doh. 121 c. to 4 dol.. 25 c., which is 61 per bbl. above that of last week; choice State and favourite Ohio and Western, 4 doh. 25 c. to 4 doh. 44 c.. Southern, with a diminished stock, is more firm at 4 doh. 26 c. to 4 dole. 373 e. for Baltimore, Alexan dria, Georgetown, &c. Rye flour is inactive at 3 dole. 373 c. to 3 dots. 44 e. Corn meal, 3 doh. 311 e. to 3 dole. 00c. for Jersey and Brandywine. GRAIN.—The supply and demand are both light, and prices almost nominal. REMARKABLE SUICIDE.—On Friday evening Mr. Payne held an inquest at the Crown and Cushion, Princes street, Barbican, on the body of Edward Muir, lithographic printer, aged 22. The deceased was a resp ectable young man, lodging at No. 11, Princes-street, and was of a most cheerful disposition. On Wednesday last, about noon, his landlady knocked at his door, and, receiving no answer, opened it, and found him oa the floor with a piece of silk cord round his neck and a corresponding piece sifted to a nail in the wainscot or wall, from which it was evident that deceased was suspended till the cord had snapped. A con stable was called in, who found on the table two letters, one of them addressed to the father of deceased, which read thus. " I hope the Lord will forgive me for what I have done, but I could not help it. I have had nothing to do for some weeks, and nothing to eat but dry bread for a fortnight. When I was in work I was most happy, cheerful, and amiable, but I have been very miserable lately. When I was in work I had plenty of companions, but no one comes to see me now. Here lam with no work, no money, no grub, no company, and sooner than starve I would rather die." But the most remarkable portion of the letter follows the above, for it contains directions as to the disposal not only of a watch, furniture, and other property—sufficient, if converted, to have kept deceased from starvation for • long time—but of a quantity of money in a savings bank which he had accumulated for the special purpose of going into business, and, as is seen, would not touch to save his lite. Under these circumstances , _ the jury hail no hesita __ _ _ lion in returning a verdict of " Temporary insanity." SPAIN. OXFORD, WORCESTER, AND WOLVERHAMPTON RLILWAT.—Nearly a forty mike of this line of railway, MADRID, Aram 26. from Evesham to tourbridge, were opened on Saturday The Minister of the Interior has addressed to the with rejoicings and celebration on a *tile of more than cut directors of journals at Madrid a despatch announc- toma3 hilarity and spirit. The line would have been ing to them that the Queen, after hearing her n before but for the proceedings pending before the G P o e urt of Chancery, and which were decided so recently in oouncil of ministers, has resolved not to listen to the favour of the Oatord, Worcester, and Wolverhampton Com petition of journalists, praying for the modification pan,. BERNE, APRIL. 29. The Seim advocates a constitutional reform that would give to every canton a government upon the following bases:-Ist. A double legislative body, consisting of two :assemblies; composed in such a manner as to represent the mejonty without being necessarily the slave of its passions. 2. An executive power, with a strength peculiar e to itself, and, conse quently, with a great responsibility. 3. A judicial authority, independent of the other two powers. In this way, at adds, we should have democratic govern ments, without running tho same degree of risk of suffering the tyranny of the majonty. That this tyranny is not frequently exercised must be attri buted to circumstances and manners, and not to the laws, which contain no guarantee against the des potism of the majority. The grand council, which is to assemble on the 10th of May, will, besides the communal law, take into consideration a new law on the precise, and a law for the reorganisation of the Superior Normal School. INDIA. THE OVERLAND MAIL. We have received by express our usual despatches in anticipation of the Overland Mail from India. The dates are—Bombay, April 3rd ; Calcutta, March 24th; Madras, March 25th. Our Bombay correspondent writes as follows: BOMBAY, APRIL 3. The Rangoon expedition has by this time reached the rendezvous at Moulmein, and it is probable that by next mail but one I may have to inform you of the commencement of hostilities in right earnest. The town just named will be the first to feel the full weight of our wrath. The tardiness exhibited in despatching the troops has been universally con demned, though I am inclined to think unjustly so. It has, apparently, been the object of the govern ment of India to time the despatch of the brigades from Calcutta and Madras, so as that they may reach Moulmein simultaneously. Thus tho Calcutta troops were to leave on the 23th, and those from Madras on the 27th : they will all reach by the 4th or 6th of April, and active opera tions will in all likelihood have commenced by the 16th. Every preparation seems to have been made to have the expedition complete in all its branches, and a better equipped one probably never left the shores of India or any other country. Arracan had some time back been reinforced by a native regiment and some artillerymen, and the Pith Itoyal Irish was at once dispatched to Moulmein, to be prepared in case of the Burmese taking it into their heads to commence hostilities by attacking that station. The head quarter wing of I-I.M. 80th Foot has now been sent over there, to allow of the 18th joining the force. There will be in all two European and 14 native corps , with a large number of artillerymen and sappers and miners—in all probably about 8,000 men. These are to be formed into two brigades, that from Bengal to be commanded by Brigadier G.Warren,that from Madras by Brigadier Elliott, of the 51st Mataban has been destroyed by fire by the Burmese themselves, who seem to have guessed that we would do it for them, if not spared the trouble. Particu lars of the occurrence have not as vet been received, but the fact is undoubted. An interview took place between Major Bogle, our commissioner at Moul mein, and a deputation from Martaban, when tho ultimatum of the governor-general was delivered to them for transmission to Ave. This is believed to be couched in a determined tone, telling the King that if our demands are not complied with, and we are forced to send an army into his country, we will take good care to seize on a good slice of his posses sions—nothing less than half Pegu will satisfy us. The deputation very coolly told our commissioner that if we were prepared fur war, so were they. Up wards of 50,000 Burmese troops are said to be assem bled already at Ava to receive us. The King has in some way offended the Siamese, who have block aded the rivers on the frontiers against him. It was at ono time reported that ho had re quested the King of Siam to side with him against us, but the Siamese sovereign knew better than to appear in the field against us, and has sent a mission to Moulmein to convey expressions of his good will towards us, and to inform us of what he had done in the matter of the blockade; so that his royal brother of Ava maybe said to be in a pretty fix. The steamer Proserpine was the only vessel in the Rangoon river, the Fox having gone on a cruise to Amherst and Moulmein for a change for her crew, amongst whom sickness prevailed. The Serpent had been ordered round to take the place of the Fox. The steamer Hermes was to convey General Godwin and staff from Calcutta on the 25th. The Tenasse rim and Enterprise (the Peninsular and Oriental Company'. steamer Erin had taken the 80th) were to carry the 40th N.L and other troops—all to leave on the same day. The transports Tubal Cain, La hore, and Monarch, were to be towed by the steamers. The Sth M.N.I. has been added to the force, and is to be taken on board steamers to call for them at Vizianagram. Thirty-five thousand men, with 200 pieces of ordnance, are said to be ready at Rangoon, to give us a warm recep tion : all the women and children had been sent out of the way, and every point was being etockaded. They seem determined on a spirited resistance, and there is little doubt that the contest, when once commenced, will bo a fierce one. Our small steamers can now ascend the Irrawaddy almost to the capital. Prome will be in ruins before the end of the present month, or I mistake greatly—Rangoon before a fort night has gone by. The Burmese had been plunder ing in the hills on the borders of the plains of Assam, and preventing provisions from being taken into Gowhatt,y. A reinforcement of regular troops for the province was about to be applied tor. The 38th Bengal Native Infantry, which refused to go on board ship for Burmah, is, it is said, to be sent thither by land, but if so they will reach a day after the fair, as most likely the journey would occupy *Duple of months. The 40th have taken its place in the Burmah force. It was re ported at Moulmein that Admiral Austen, in the Hastiuge, was daily expected from Singapore, to take command of the naval portion of the expedition. The ordnance sent round from Calcutta consists of four 24-pounders, four ti-inch howitzers, a like number of mortars, twelve 5,1-inch mortars, four 9-pounder guns, and four 24-pounder howitzers. Rockets, 2,500; with 600 rounds for each gun, and 200 for each musket. From Madras only one battery takes its rthe others will be supplied from Calcutta. It z i pected that Mr. J. Colvin, whose residence some short time since at Moulmein has given him much ex perience in Burmese matters, will be sent with the expedition as plenipoteutiary. On the north-west frontier we have again a large detachment in motion for the Eueufzaie country to disperse a large hod) of Swattees who have congre gated there on mischief bent. The force consists of about 2,500 men, under Sir Colin Campbell, viz., Baldwin's troops horse artillery (Ist of Ist brigade), 600 men of her Majesty's 32nd Foot, under Colonel Brooks; a wing of the 29th Native Infantry, the 66th Native Infantry, under Colonel Troup; the 16th irregular horse, under ?Major Fisher ; and a company of Sappers and Miners. The detachment at the fort et Dubb consists of 300 men 71st Native Infiintry all a troop 7th cavalry : at Shubkudr, 200 men and ass troop of the same corps ; at the bridge of boats Mao the Cabool river, a company 28th Native In entry ,• and a company of the same regiment is to be stationed in the fort of Bare when it has been put into a defensible state. The cause of the present ex pedition taking the field is an attack by a number of Swattees on a small mounted party of Captain Lums den's guide corps, in which some four men were killed and wounded. The force above detailed moved out on the 11th, and on the 20th were attacked by the enemy, who were beaten off atter three hours' hard fighting, with a lees on both sides of one hundred killed and wounded—at least such is the report given by the native correspondent of the Delhi Gazette. Parti culars not yet received. A reinforcement of troops is said to have been applied for by Sir Cohn Campbell for I'eshawur, to allow of a larger force being at his disposal for service when required in the districts. An earthquake had occurred at Peshawar on the evening of the 11th, shortly after eight. Tho following is from the Delhi Gazette of the 20th and 27th ult. : We are in receipt of further Cahill news. Through the interference of Boat Mahomed the civil war mentioned by us in a late issue has been quelled, and peace is once more re stored. Tho Bost, it seems, prevailed on Veer Mahommed to pardon the murderer of his son, and on this condition matters were amicably arranged. Lord Falkland, the most inefficient governor who ever ruled over Bombay, has been told that he is about to be recalled—so state two out of three of the newspapers. The only wonder is that the directors have so long put up with him. His treatment of Colonel Outram and Baroda matters has at length warned his honourable masters that it was time to remove him. He is to be succeeded by Sir George Anderson, from Ceylon, from whom great things are expected, ho having spent his whole life in the Bombay civil service. Investigations into Baroda matters here proceed a pace, and it is now openly affirmed that parties nfueh higher in rank than any heretofore accused of corruption in the secretariat have been found with the mark of the beast on their foreheads. A party from Banda has now taken up his residence in Bombay, who is authorised to draw on his master, the Guicowar's bankers, to the extent of 100,0001. per annum, to be expended in " secret service." It is openly b oasted that Outram has been beaten away rk il l : du ft.(