The Express. — London, England, 1853-12-05 00:00:00

eht el:VrelSA. TO CORRESPONDENTS. 4he .nd F. • ra of .•Tbe Lsorbot," ebota:o.s. tLe *saw everixe's "6.i t!r, • I. published every Terplay lubt It.day sigh; d, :Lae for Adresteeen: ass Intended ler "The ►.xpea," Leedom Femme pares. awe be o ttegayt, 10, sou.s.i..•zest, by Two s'eteelt re tte day of pub.i..ews. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. 711:4 I)A.f—iiiollllA2X, &ft... Aftwasor, sd Lft• TL-11 , 146.VF--)LArslac afterake, 6k. LONDON, MONDAY, DECEMBER J. " MANY who go out in search of wool come home shorn." This to all appearance may be the cue with no lesa a man than the Emperor of ALL Tian ltussitss. Already In is obliged to pause in his ca reer of spoliation in the south, to put himself on his guard against being spoiled in the north. He can not move the whole of his disposable army to the Danube; a considerable portion of it must be de tached to the shores of the Baltic. He can keep only one eye on the pockets of his neighbour Turkey —the other must be fixed on his own pockets, Fin land and his German provinces. According to the latest news hem Stockholm, 12,000 picked grena dier, have been sent to occupy Revel and Riga, siliiie on the other side of the Gulf of Fin land no Ica than 16,000 soldiers and 10,000 seamen have been sent to reinforce the permanent garrison of 12,000 men maintained in the grand•duchy to keep the Fins quiet. The seamen are to be moved to HeLiingfors, where ten sailorless men-of-war are laid up, and 6,000 of the soldiers are to be stationed at Bomarsund, in the island of Aland, the most ad vanced point of Russian Finland towards Sweden. Both sides of the Finnish gulf have to be lined with troops, and still stronger bodies will doubtless be concentrated in and around Crenated! and St. Pe tersburg at i:s inmost recess. This is a serious drain upon the armies which Russia and its agents hove endeavoured to persuade Europe were available for the occupation of Wallachia and Moldavia. And it is indispensable. This being the case, it seems pro- bible that a home blow at St. Petersburg--a capital more exposed than London—may, some of these days, be considered the best way in which the allies of Tur key can make a diversion is its favour. Nor is this all. The Russian forces are wanted on the Baltic quite as much to ensure the submission of subjects, as to repel foreign amanita. Months ago attention was directed to Finland as a vulnerable point of the Cr sit's dominions. Its inhabitants are not yet re conciled to the change of masters, effected partly by force, partly by fraud, during the revolutionary wars. They habitually give utterance to their sentiments on this head with a bold frankness astounding to the tame Muscovites from the south of the Baltic. An amusing example will be found in the " Letters from the Baltic." This is the reason why a perma nent force of 12,000 men is kept on foot to overawe a straggling population of less than a million and a half, thinly scattered among rocks, lakes, morasses, and pine forests. To this standing garrison, 16,000 laud and 10,000 sea forces are now to be added; and these are to be stationed, not where an invading force would be most likely to attempt a landing, but where they can be most easily made available to check any insurrectionary movements among the inhabitants. The same distrust which has prompted the CZAR to garrison the isle of Aland, and the har bour of Helsingfors, will suggest the necessity of retaining strong garrisons in Poland. If that country should be entirely denuded of Russian troops. even the chained serfs who remain there might grow turbulent, and then there is the permanently orga nised emigration ready to be smuggled across the frontier as soon as an opportunity offers. It is now clear that the old Russian system of braggadocio mystification has been put in practice to create an exaggerated impression of the number of Russian soldiers employed to occupy the Danubian provinces. Situ Oaten PACHA has felt and examined them, these numbers have shrunk to less than a third of what wu reported. So it will be with the armies upon paper which are said to have been put in requisition to augment the troops in the Principalities. Ia number they will be found deficient, and Mr. OLIPUANT has explained how while the regiments immediately under the eye of the CZAR are in cap-cipied order, those stationed at a distance from his surreillance are more beggarly and ragged than the recruits of Falstaff. At the utmost one-half of the estimated disposable force of Russia, and that utterly destitute of a properly organised commissariat, could be slowly moved through marshes and across steppes in the direction of the Danube ; and of these fully one-half must be reserved to guard against a hostile landing on the shores of the Baltic, and give security against insur rections in Finland and Poland. Nor are an only wanting: money is also mane, And there is also reason to believe that the opera tions of the CZAR may be hampered by a still graver impediment than either. It is not easy to get authentic information regarding the state of public feeling from Russia. In this respect Rosalie, when compared with other European countries, is like an old-fashioned straw bee-hive beside so many glass hives. The workings of other European popu lations are seen through a transparent medium ; from Russia, even in periods of excitement, only dull inarticulate noises are heard. But at this moment noises are faintly heard, such as, in hives, accompany the annual slaughter of the drones—only it must be kept in mind that in Russia it is the drones that are furnished with stings. In plain English, recent advice& from St. Petersburg and Moscow lead us to believe that a dangerous amount of al-humour has begun to display itself among the land-owning nobility. They are a numerous and a powerful body. They are accustomed to receive their rents in kind, and dispose of them by the instrumentality of agents to foreign merchants, from whom they re ceive in return many of the necessaries and all the luxuries of life. They prefer dealing with the English merchants, because from England they can receive everything they need, and of the best, while other countries supply at the most only one or two articles. The mere rumour, therefore, of a war with England is enough to excite Carm in these volup. new's, self-indulgent nobles. The mere apprehension of impending hostilities, by dictating to English merchants a prudential narrowing of their trans- I I actions, stops to a considerable extent the supplies o: the Russian n•Messe. Lastly, it has been the traditional feeling of Russian Governments to encourage excessive expenditure upon the nobles, with a view to lead them to incur debts, and thus be come subservient to the powers that be. But this policy is a two-edged sword, cutting both ways, inas much as it makes the nobility feel, sooner than they otherwise would do, the inconvenienees of an inter rupted foreign commerce, and become irritable and disaffected. !ileum. ts has before his eyes the warn ing examples of his father and grandfather, to teach him what it is to quarrel with the sensual and vin dictive onblss of Russia ; arid unless we are much misinformed this consideration is giving him much food for thought. What is the inference to be drawn from all these facts? That the true way of dealing with Russia is to press it hard. Russia is like the image of Nein:- CItAD:4E72%IO dream : the feet are indeed of clay, but other parts are of hard metaL Russia, if dallied THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 5, 1853. diary the old Prince of Samos, Stefanachi Volgorides, father.in-law of the Ottoman minister in London; bet as the prince possesses no official character, the rproceeding was merely a non-official one, and left the r c t e e ed full liberty to refuse it without in any way wounding the susceptibility of England or of her re presentative. The Ottoman ministry and the digni taries of the Divan, after holding two night sittings, decided, unanimously, that, in the first place, the note did not sufficiently protect the dignity and sovereign independence of Turkey ; and, next, that the time for notes and concessions was paned; and, lastly, that the note had been offered to Prince Menschikoff to avoid all the sacrifices which have been since made, but that as they had now been made, Turkey could no longer make the tame offer. The Austrian Correspondenz denies the recall of Baron Bruck, and the Prussian Correspondence that of M. Wildenbruck. The announcement made in London " that the court of St. Petersburg has addressed a brief and conclusive note to the governments of England and France, announcing that no further negotiations, with respect to the affairs of the East, will be listened to ; that the part of Russia is definitively taken— and that that part is 'la guerra ;' " has been met by a ministerial newspaper with the assertion that no such declaration has reached the governments of Great Britain and France in any shape whatever. According to the ross Gazette, the Turkish army, after having received and partially acted upon an order to retire to the right bank of the Danube, received counter orders. If this version be correct, it goes to explain a mass of apparently contradictory reports. It is now an established fact that Omer Pacha has not prosecuted his retrograde movement. In spite of the reiterated attacks of the Russians ' he has maintained his position at Hirsowa, and has rendered Kalafat almost impregnable by installing 100 cannons upon the ramparts. The Presse says:—" The news of an engagement between the Servians and the Bosnian. is confirmed. The Bosnian corps destined to reinforce Omer Pacha was not able to cross Unitza. It is known that Austria does her utmost to encourage the hostility of the Servians. She has, besides, just prohibited the exportation of arms to Turkey." £he Siecle of Sunday says :—" It was rumoured last night that the Emperor of Russia bad refused to send a plenipotentiary to the conference proposed by Austria, and in which France and England, as it is said, would consent to be represented. 'lf Turkey,' the Czar is reported to have answered,' will send an ambassador to St. Petersburg, I will consent to open direct negotiations; as to any negotiations which the Four Powers may think fit to carry on among them selves, I will await the result, as I did that of the conference of Vienna.' Of course we only give this rumour subject to every reservation, and without vouching for the truth of it in any way whatever." and temporised witb, as it hitherto has been, is strong enough and malicious enough to pilfer here and plunder there, to enrich itself and impoverish its neighbours. But lineal& is not strong enough to wage a protracted strife against the two great Western Powers of Europe. Russia is a nettle which stings if timidly touched, but is innocuous if grasped boldly. Russian intellect is accessible to no argument but blows. Russian diplomacy will wrangle, and split hairs, and cavil for ever, if allowed to deal in words alone ; but half-a-dozen defeats of Russian armies or navies will make the Government and its agents listen to reason and justice. LATEST FROM ABROAD. RUSSIA AND TURKEY. CONSTANTINOPLE, Nov. 19. General Baraguay d'Hilliers has had a long inter view with Heschid Puha. The latter declared that recent military events had not changed in any wise the pacific disposition of the Porte ; and that it wu still ready to accept any arrangement which would leave to Turkey its sovereign rights. The evacuation of the Principalities must be a sine qua non of all negotiations. The 31 prisoners taken from the Foudroyant were brought to Constantinople on the 16th. The Ottoman government has officially declared that it will not lend its countenance to privatecring. BUCHAREST, Nov. 23. A letter from Jars, of the 19th, states that the Turkish engineer, Erif-Effendi, is directing works of fortification at Trebigno and Wikch, on a grand male. The governors of Bosnia and Herzegowina have had interviews, for the purpose of coming to an understanding relative to the division of the troops destined to defend the territory. _ _ PARIS, SIINDAT. General Abmrnowitch, the newly-appointed Chief of the Staff to Marshal Paskewitch, has arrived at Bucharest. This arrival was thought to indicate the speedy approach of the Marshal himself. _ _ _ The number of deserters to the Turka from the Russian army of the Danube was nearly 2,000. They are most of them Poles, and the old aides-de-camp of Generals Bem and Dembinski have been charged to form them into a legion. Selim Pacha, General-in-Chief of the division of Batoum, had advanced on the Russian territory at 11 leagues from Circusia. His intention was to assist the Circassiana, who were waiting for a fa vourable moment to rise, and form a corps d'arnaele of 30,000 men. This news had produced a great sensation at Erzeroum. The Russian Boron Budberg takes the title of Imperial Commissiocer Extraordinary for Moldavia and Wallachia. By the same authority the Russian Consul-General at INcharest is appointed Vice-Pre sident of Wallachia. Prince Gortschakoff was at Guirgevo on the 26th ult., and inspected the Ituasian forces there. SPAIN. MADRID, Nov. 20. The Ministry has presented the budget to the Cortes, and has demanded the necessary authorisation for the collection of the taxes. AUSTRIAN ITALY. Four Hungarian hussars, stationed at the Austrian post of PonteTressa, on the confines of Ticino, deserted with arms and hones on the 24th alt. THE WEST INDIES. (BT ILECTAIL TELZOILAPH.) SOUTHAMPTON, SCNDAY. The Royal West India Mail Company's steam packet Orinoco has arrived at this port. Her dates are :—Vera Cruz, Nov. 5 ; Chagres, Nov. 8 ; Jamaica, Nov. 11; Trinidad, Nov. 10; and Demerara, Nov. 9. The Orinoco put into Falmouth on the morning of the 3rd, short of coal, and landed her mails there., Amongst her cargo is specie to the value of two millions of dollars, sixty-six thousand of which are oa account of Mexican dividends. From Jamaica, we learn that the question whether the Assembly intended to do business with the Coun cil has been set at rest, by the former having sent to the latter a Bill to Consolidate and Amend the seve ral Acts of the Island relating to Pilots. FRANCE. -4.- wants, sentiments, and dignity of France, will afford, for that object, his support to your Majesty ; and I consider myself to be the faithful organ of my august master's will, in giving you this assurance. I seize on this occubian to express to your Imperial Majesty my ardent dc.sire to contribute, with all my efforts, to the maintenar.ce of the old and friendly relations which France has always kept up with the Sublime Porte, and I place at the feet e your Ma jesty the homage of my profound respect." This is the speech described in the Marseilles telegraphic despatch as " peaceable." Yesterday there was again a good Bourse. The Threes rose 13c. It was remarked that the Mani tow abstained from publishing the Sultan's answer, which would, it was said, have shown conclusively that no proximate resumption of negotiations is to be expected. RUSSIA AND TURKEY. A telegraphic despatch, dated Vienna, Sunday evening, has been received in London, which states that on the previous day Austria accepted the last propositions of France and England concerning the Oriental question. CONSTANTINOPLE, Nov. 19. The Nil steamer brought in from Trebizonde St prisoners on the lath instant, with intelligence of the Russians having attacked five times successively the fortress of Chetketil, and being repulsed with loss. Their flotilla however is blockading the coast from Sinope to Trebizonde, but has as yet done no damage. In consequence of this the government demanded officially the opinion of the French and English ambassadors as to the necessity of sending out the fleet in that direction ; and the answer it is understood will be in the affirmative, not withstanding the advanced season. At all events, some French stcan-ships, it appears, are about to proceed to the Black Sea, and vizirial letters have been sent to the embassy addressed to the governors of the ports where they are likely to station. The Russian steamer sunk with 1,500 men, as mentioned in my last, near Batouo, is said to be the ill-omened Foudroyant—the " phantom ship"—which was continually roaming about, you recollect, during Menchikors memorable visit to Constantinople. It is reported that after the first shot from the battery, the ill-fated troops and crew of the vessel doffing their cape, as a ruse de irterre, bad put on the fess, —but in the confusion it was forgotten to hoist the Turkish flag. The Russian forces on the Georgian frontier are said to be comparatively few in number, and inferior in every other respect to the army of the Danube. Besides, provisions, ammunition, and all other necessaries required for their maintenance must be conveyed from the ports of the Black Sea. Sup plies overland are totally out of the question—it would require whole months, and to escort them a whole army. The only route is the Mosdok— through a defile whose heights bristle with the spears and matchlocks of their brave and implacable moun tain foes. The Russian navy of the Black;Sea consists only of 16 decrepit old ships, if lam rightly informed; and hence a comparatively small force of any really ma ritime power would soon suffice to destroy them.l Under these circumstances, it is a matter of general surprise and regret that Abdi Pacha has not as yet taken any decisive step. He was brought up at the military academy of Vienna, and has acquired, no doubt, the knowledge requisite for his profession, but is said, at the same time, to be destitute of that energy and activity necessary for his present im portant functions. It is rumoured that he has been superseded. M. Baraguay d'Hilliers, shortly after his arrival on the 15th inst., as mentioned in my last, (knitted the Promethee iotev., and proceeded to the }tench Palace at Pen, where he had a long conference with M. de la Cour. It was not, however, till the fol lowing day at 10 a.m. that he entered officially on his new functions, and repaired to the hotel of the French embassy, accompanied by his suite and by all the French residents. He made, I understand, a short military speech, declaring in the exordium "that France was for peace if it could be obtained on honourable terms." On the same day the ambassador visited the dif ferent ministers at the Porte, and was received by the Seraskier with military honours. During the interview, the general perceived piled up in a corner of the room some few trophies from Chefketil, mus kets (en liege), mule trappings, &c., and a cannon ball of the Foudroyant. His audience with the Sultan will not take place before Saturday. The general's staff consists at present of three officers, and two others, MM. Foy and Dieu, ore expected by next steamer. A letter from Bucharest of the 20th ult. sa "We still hear of overwhelming Russian farces which are to sweep down on our country and purify the soil from every Turk, but this has been the tale PARIS, SUNDAY EVINISO. these last six months, and people are beginning to The Moniteur contains a decree, prolonging until think that the Czar, after all, has not so many July 31,18.14, the exemption from navigation dues, soldiers as he boasts of. However, it would seem upon grain, flour, and rice, which, by the decree of that we shall see new faces here before many days. Sept. sth last, was decreed until the 31st of I)ecem- Osten Sacken's is now announced from Bessarabia ; ber in the present year. By another decree the rail- weeks ago it was said to be at Braila; perhaps, after way companies which were authorized to raise their all, it is in the Caucasus, and half consumed by this tariffs before the expiration of the legal period, in time. But we shall see. We know nothing of what proportion to any reductions they might make upon goes on 10 miles out of the town, and unhappy is the the carriage of grain, flour, and potatoes, until the individual who is too curious for the humour of the 31st of Dec. 1853, have the like privilege extended Russian." in respect to any such diminution made before July The Post A mpt Gazette of Frankfort publishes, 31, 1834. The last-mentioned decree further ex- under date of Vienna, 2Sth ult., a letter remarkable tends the operation of the measure to dry vegetables by its variation from the prevalent eastern intelli as well as farinaceous substances. geace. The writer says: "The day before yesterday The Duke de Bellune, senator, the eldest son of despatches were received from St. Petersburgh, /Waal Victor, created Duke de Bellune by Napo- which were communicated to the Minister of Foreign bea 1., died at 10 o'clock yesterday morning. He Affairs by M. de Meyendorff. Although their con leaves eight children, of whom the eldest, who suc- tents have not transpired, it is nevertheless known coeds to the title, has a past in the Ministry for that the Court of Russia manifests very conciliatory Foreign Affairs. feelings. No accounts have yet been received of the The newly appointed Pope's nuncio, Monsignore result of the negotiations opened bet ween F ou l Bannon, Archbishop of Nicea, has arrived in Paris. Effendi and M. de Kotzebue ; there is, however, no From the lit to the 30th of November 341 ve s s e l s doubt that an armistice will be concluded, as bo th the laden with 804,270 hectolitres of wheat entered the belligerent parties must desire a suspension of hostili port of Marseilles. These cargoes came partly from ties during the bad weather. Algeria and the Levant, but principally from the The same writer says: "Despatches have been sent Black Sea. The whole quantity imported at Mar- from Vienna to M. de Bruck at Constantinople rela bales since the duties were taken off is 2,102,467 five to the attitude of Servia in the Russo-'forkish hectolitres, brought in 714 ships. It is calculated SuarreL The Austrian cabinet supports the declare that the arrivals during the month of' December will non of the neutrality of Servia. The Ottoman swell the total to 3,000,000. It will be recollected Porte, on the contrary, persists in not recognising it ; that the Moniteur lately estimated the deficiency in and h as already announced to the Servian ;govern the barred at 10,000,000 hectolitres, and inasmuch ment that, if necessary, it would use its sovereign as the imports are comparatively small at all other right, and march troops through Servia. It is to the prat but Marseilles, it will be very long before the interest of our government that neither Beni* nor deficiency is made up. Bosnia should take part in any military operations. The steady progress of the revenue in the face of l'rince Stirbey has had on that point conferences with a bad harvest and the prospect of war, is a very en- the Minister of Foreign Affairs, and M. de Bruck rious as well as cheering fact. The customs' receipts has received instructions." at Havre during the last month exceeded by 20 per Supposing now that Servia had been a tributary sent. those of November, 1832, and the premiums of Russia instead of a tributary of Turkey, would paid for exportations have doubled. The cotton Austria have approved of its neutrality? motet at Havre is extremely animated. The sales The Nest of Vienna announces that on the 17th tar the week amounted to 8,000 bales, while the ar- ult., the Turkish population burnt a villa at Ardoe be rivals were but 3.775. The stock on hand, which a lenging to, the Russian Embassy. This act much year ago was 33,300 bales, is now reduced to 12,000. irritated the Turkish government, which had given Prices for second and inferior qualities are from lfr. orders for the offenders to be sought for, and an to Ur. higher. nounced that if the guilty parties were not disco. The Mott it, , ,r publishes the address of General vered, the whole of the inhabitants would be pu , Count Baraguay d'Hillieri to the Sultan on present- niched. ing his credentials. The general said in the course A letter from Malta of the 28th says Sir E. Lyons of his speech : has arrived at Constantinople. " France does not fear war. Faithful to the spirit Letters from Constantinople of the 19th in the of his mission declared by the Emperor Napoleon Damets state that General Baragusy d'Hilliers had , himself, France desires peace, but s h e d esires i t b een near l y an h our i n conference with Lord Red ! durable, loyal. and honourabie for herself and her cliffe. On the 16th, at half-past one, the general allies. For that object the Emperor Napoleon, in in full uniform went to the Porte to pay his visits to ' concert with his powerful ally the Queen of Great the Grand Vizir Moustapha Pasha, the Minister of Britain, has sent his fleet to the East. Confiding in Foreign Affairs, and to Rifaat Pasha, the President the reiterated assurances of the Cabinet of St. Peter- of the Council of Justice. The Porte has defini , burg, he still hopes that the difference which has ively rejected the new note which had been arisen between the Sublime Porte and the Court of non-officially presented to it by England; it I Russia may be smoothed down ; and that was a kind of medium between the note this temporary trouble in bringing forward of Vienna and the modifications of the Porte, clearly the question of the integrity of the taking fur its basis the note last offered Ottoman Empire, will only serve to confirm an by the Porto to Prince Menschikoff. Lord de Red independence so precious to all Europe, and so cliffe gave proof of much tact on this occasion. Un necessary to the maintenance of the peace of derstanding how delicate it was in the present state the world. The Sultan may be certain that the ,of the question to offer a new note, h e did not pre - Emperor Napoleon, who comprehends so well the sent it by one of his employes, but took as interme- SPAIN. The Senate's committee on the Railway Bill has eight opposition and only two ministerial members. The newspapers have recovered the right to give in dependent reports of the sittings of the Chamber. PORTUGAL. LISBON, Nov. 29. The mortal remains of Dona Maria H. were con veyed to the tomb on the 19th, •early the whole population of Lisbon and the environs congregating to take part in the mourful ceremony. The British merchants were not back ward in their demonstration, and many of them fell into the line. Since the funeral the British merchants, or some of them, have had a private meeting, and got up an address of con dolence to the King Regent. I remarked in my last letter how sensibly alive the Cabral lats appeared to have been. It has been observed that the Count de Thomar had manifested lately strong desires to take the field, and re-appear in the political arena; he and the countess had been at the palace, and it is said the late Queen, who never could bear the sight of Saldanha since his late eineut4, had given him the signal that now was the time for him to leave his retreat, and re-assume his political character ; he therefore sent a circular to ell the peers of his party to assemble at their ports on the 15th of De cember. He had also given directions for the purchase of horses and furniture, and to have his house prepared and servants engaged. Being however deprived of the moral support of the Queen, it becomes necessary to change his tactics, and we must not he surprised even that be artfully league himself with parties connected with Saldanha, and even show a disposition to support his government, until he acquires a certain footing and influence. The celebrated Oalamba, who did so much Berries to the popular cause under the Junta do Poato, has been the vic tim of a premeditated political assassination, he fell in the light of day, being fired at in the public street of Vidigueira in the district of Beja, by a ruffian, who called himself • Cartista. The two balls of a double-barrelled gun passed through him, and performed their °dim, while he was in the company of two friends, and in sight of a body of sol diers. The Minister of Justice has ordered the ends of justice to be proceeded to without delay, bat the Beja bat talion of assassins ought first to be decimated, and then dis solved, it was by these battalions the Count of Thomas's power was supported, and it cannot be denied that whenever the Count moves in public life, some one of his influential political opponents is sure to " bite the dust " in the way (Mamba hu. ; Enduing', a ; Discount of Bank of Lisboa Notes, 21 per cent. GERMANY. According to the Cologne Gazelle, the Belgian go vernment has made known to the Prussian govern ment that it was disposed to undertake new negotia tions for the conclusion of a treaty of commerce with the Zollverein. The opening of negotiations will take place shortly. BERLIN, Nov. 30. Count Schwerin, on taking the Speaker's chair of the Second Prussian Chamber, addressed the mem bers on the present crisis in Europe. " I hope," said he, " that the moderate and patriotic attitude cf the chamber will permit the government to support itself on the confidence of the people while it strikes into the path of honour and of the right. It is the part of the chamber not only to conciliate elements of opposition within, but also to enable the government to feel in its intercourse with other States that it is sustained by a free and faithful people, and to reserve for itself all that freedom of resolution which the interests of the country demand." The utterance of these sentiments was greeted with loud interrup tions of applause. General Radowitz is better, and hopes are enter ' Wined of his ultimate restoration to health. From Vienna we hear that Count Buoiin confirmed in his position. Count Ficquelmont is to have a diplo matic mission, it is said, to St. Petersburg. AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE AMERICA. (By )(MIMIC TELIORAPH.) LIVERPOOL, MONDAY. The Royal Mail steam-ship America, Capt. Lang, which was to leave Boston on the 23rd ult., with the usual mails from the United States and British North America, was off Holyhead, inward bound, at half-past ten o'clock this forenoon. The America is expected to arrive in the Mersey at half-past four o'clock this afternoon ; and her mails will leave by the 9 p.m. train, for delivery in London to-morrow morning. TROUBLE IN LOMBARDE.—Private letters from Lombardy speak in a very discouraging tone of the state of affairs in that part of the Austrian dominions. It appears that numerous arrests have been made at Brescia, Bergamo, and Camo. Carriages full of state prisoners arrived at Milan on the 22d November. They were confined in the castle, but with the appearance cf much mystery, and no oue was permitted to know the cause. The only thing ascertained was, that the parties belong principally to the aristocracy, or to the upper commercial clung. We read in the Manifesto del Porto of Leghorn, of the Mk :—At eight o'cloCk last evening, as Councillor Luigi Fabbri, the goofs !osier or mayor of our city, was proceeding from the Com munal Palace to his residence, in the street of St. Ferdi nand° he was treacherously stabbed by an unknown indivi dual, just as he had reached the gate of his home. The assassin rapidly fled through the street della Tessa, pursued by the rnfalonier, and succeeded in effecting his escape. The position of M. Fabbri inspires no uneasiness. The police are on the trace of the assassin. -- - THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS IN CHINESE--The first part of Banyan's famous allegory, translated into Chinese, has just paned through the press. It is sold at bd. per copy. The Chinese am remarkably fond of works of fancy and inaaginanon. Vbe Court. OSBORNE, DEC. 3. ' The Queen, accompanied by the Duchess of Bra bant, and attended by the Marchioness of Ely, the Countess de Lanny, and the lion. Mary Seymour, drove out in an open carnage and four yesterday afternoon. Lord Alfred Paget was in attendance on horseback. SUNDAY, Dec. 4. The Duchess of Kent, attended by her Lady in Waiting, arrived yesterday afternoon from her residence, Progmore, en a visit to her Majesty. This morning the Queen and Prince Albert attended divine service in Whippiogham Church. Despatches were sent from the Colonial-office on Satur day to the governors of Hong-Kong, Ceylon, and the Aus tralian colonies. The Lords of her Majesty's Privy Council sat on Satur day in the Privy Council Chamber, and concluded the bearing of the petition from the states at the island of Jersey. The Lords present were the Lord Chancellor, the Secretary of State for the Home Department, the Chan• cellor of the Duchy of Cornwall, the Lords Justice* Kuight Bruce and Turner, the Judges of the Admiralty Court, and Sir J. Patteson. The Hon. William:Bathunt, Clerk of the Privy Council, attended. Lord Woreley, who has been making a tour in the dominions of the Sultan of Turkey, has left the head quarters of the Ottoman GeneraSiouan, Omer Pache, for England, after having been present at the victory gained by the Turks at Oltentts t. Lord Beaumont, after a short stay at Turin, has arrived in Paris, on his way to this country. The Scottish Academy hu purchased from Mr. Etty's executors his copits of "Venus," by Titian, and " St. John Preaching," by Veronese, for the student.' class. M. de Coopmans, Chamberlain of the King of Denmark, and his Majesty's Minister at the Court of Bel gium, died on Wednesday, at Brussels, aged 71. Hercules J. Robertson, Egg. (Advocate, 1817), Sheriff Depute of Renfrewshire, is appointed a Judge of the Court of Session in Scotland, in the room of Lord Fullerton, re signed. Er. Robertson will take his seat as Lord lien holme. The Hon. 0. S. Stafford Jerniogham, now Secretary to the Embassy at Paris, is appointed her Majesty's Minister at Stockholm, in place of Sir Edmund Lyons, Bart., G.C.8., who has resigned, on his appointment to the Second Com mand of the Mediterranean Squadron. Ihe Hon. W. C. Eliot (son of Earl St. Germans, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland), now Unpaid Attache at Lisbon, is appointed Second Paid Attache to her Majesty's Mission at Berlin, in the room of the Hon. Vesey Bligh, resigned. Mr. William Braude Pollard is appointed Financial Ac countant in British Guiana. Mr. David C. Smith is appoin'ed a Member of the Legis lative Council if the Turks Islands. The two Senior Masters in Chancery, Mr. Senior and Sir W. Horne, have been released by the Lord Chancellor, under the powers of the MaMers in Chancery Abolition Act, and the causes remaining unfinished in their offices have been transferred to the five continuing masters. The office of Surveyor-General of the Customs for the Port of London has become vacant by the retirement of Mr. Philip Fencing', and the following promotions have been approved by the Board of Customs, viz. :—Mr. Joseph Rolle, third Inspector-General of the Waterside and Ware housing Departments, to be Surveyor-General, with a salary of 8001. per annum. Mr. H. C. Brown, now Land ing Surveyor, to be Third Impector•General, with a salary of 6001. per annum. Mr. T. E. Carter, now Jerquer, to be Landing Surveyor of the Third Class, with a salary of 500/. per annum. The office of Jerquer will be filled by the promotion of one of the senior Searchers and Landing Waiters.—Observer. MOVEMENTS OF THE DUKE OF BRABANT BRUSSELS, FRIDAY. . - Considerable sensation was produced in political circles by the recent sudden arrival in Brussels of the Duke of Brabant from England, to which country he again pro ceeded, after staying a few days in Belgium. Many rumours were soon current, and much speculation was afloat. The impression in well-informed circles is either that that Prince was comm;saioned to make important notifications to his royal father respecting the apprehensions entertained in England regarding the dubious conduct of Austria, with the imperial family of which his royal highness is closely related by his recent matrimonial alliance ; or that the King, his father, is compromised in the Frohsdorff Bourbon Fusion affair, and that Louis Napoleon has taken some steps indicating his displeasure thereat. Not a little import ance is attached to the departure of one of the Duke's aides-de•csmp for Germany. EXTRAORDINARY OCCURRENCE AT PORTSMOUTH. THE AUTHORITY OF THE QUEEN DEFIED BY A RUSSIAN OFFICER. The public have been informed that the Russian frigates Aurora and Navarin have been allowed to enter Portsmouth harbour for purpose., of repair. Some little time ago some of the sailors belonging to those ships not relish ing the service in which they had been compulsorily engaged, determined to take advantage of the immunity afforded to them by the laws of our free country, and to leave the service of the Czar. Accordingly six of them having contrived to got on shore at Portsmouth, proceeded towards London, and had nearly reached Guilford, when they were over taken by an officer of the Russian frigate Aurora, accent ponied by an English inspector of police, and were by them brought back by railway to Portsmouth. Here they were placed on board the English ship Victorious, that ves sel having been placed at the disposal of the captain of the Aurora, for the accommodation of himself and his crew during the execution of the repairs required by their frigate the Aurora. The deserts, thus brought back, were confined on board the Victorious, and as it is asserted were submitted there by the Russian officers to severs corporal punishment. These infractions of the law of England became known in London. Persons pro ceeded to Portsmouth to ascertain the circumstances of the case, and on their instructions an affidavit was made in due form, and a writ of Habeas Corpus was issued by Mr. Jus tice Wightman, directed to Rear-Admiral Martin. the Ad miral Superintendent of Dockyard at Portsmouth, and as such isommandieg all the ships in ordinary in that harbour; to Capt. Edward Hinton Scott, the captain of the Guard-ship of the Ordinary; to Capt. Iwan Nikoiajewies Izelmetiew, commanding the Russian frigate Aurora, and to any other person having the custody of the sailors in question (their names being set out at length), commanding them in the name of the Queen of England to have the bodies of the s aid sailors immediately before the Lord Chief Justice of England. On this writ being served on Rear Admiral Martin he declined to obey it until he had communicated with the Admiralty. Captain Scott being absent on leave, could not be served, but the writ wu served upon Com mander William Wonfold, officiating for Captain Scott in his absence. This officer's answer was that he would con sult the officer commanding in chief at Portsmouth. The writ was nest taken to the Captain of the Aurora. The Russian declined receiving it (although its nature was fully explained to him) except through the Russian Ambassador or consul. The consul being absent the vice-consul was waited on and his assistance requested, but he positively re fused to iaterfere, alleging the absence of his superior as his excuse. The writ was then again taken on board the Aurora, but the person bearing it was refused acctss to the captaia mid not allowed to come on board, and when it was tendered to the lieutenant, who appeared at the gangway, that officer declined receiving it. The bearer then, as he went down the side of the ship, placed it in through one of the port holes, hut the lieutenant having perceived this, took the writ up and threw it from the ship, and it fell into a boat alongside. There are witnesses ready to attest all these facts. It now remains to be seen whether Russian officers can with impunity, whilst in this country, and whilst on board, not of their own ships, but of British men-of-war, despise the authority of the Queen of this realm delegated to the judges of the land. Also whether the Queen's uniform can exempt Rear• Admiral Martin and the other naval officers at Portsmouth who are concerned. THE STEAM-SHIP GOLDEN AGE. This vessel, whose detention in the Mersey by an accident, was noticed last week, has completed her repairs, and is expected to be ready for sea again this afternoo n (M on d ay. ) She was in the dry dock on Saturday, where her beautiful model was examined by several of the scientific and nautical gentle men of Liverpool. Since her detention in port she has bad an addition of about twenty more passengers. An address has been presented to Captain Porter by the passengers, expressing their entire confidence in the capabilities of the ship and her machinery, and complimenting the captain upon the coolnesv he displayed at the time of the unfor tunate accident, the vessel not being under his management at the time. ----• FORCE OF THE BRITISH NAM—From a careful calculation of the force of the royal navy at the present time we find that there are 217 ships in actual commission. If fully manned according to the established scale of comple ments, each for the service for which she is employed, the ag gregate complements of these 217 ships would be above 44,000, of which number 30,300 may be called seamen, 7,200 ma rines, and 6,500 boys. But from the great scarcity of sea men and the numerous desertions that have taken place, probably the effective force of the navy dine not amount to above 41,000 of all deism—Standard. SOUTH WA R I ('Ks lIW EL-o ff . . WARWICK, SATURDAY. The election of a " knight of the shire" to till the vacancy consequent on Lord Brooke's succession to the Earldom of Warwick, took place at the Shire Hall this morning in the presence of some three hundred peraota. Mr. Evelyn Philip Shirley, of Eatinglon Park, a conserva tive, and son of a former member, was the only candidate; there had been rumours of opposition, but these died awq several weeks since, and, in fact, there was very little pr o . bability that any liberal candidate would succeed, for South Warwickshire is at present as cicse in conservative hands as anything can be. Ten o'clock was the time fixed for the election, but Sir William Cradock llartopp, the sheriff, did not come into court until nearly an hour later, which 4. clay caused a good deal of murmuring, and drew forth not a few unpleasant maledictions from the farmers in the body of the hall. The formal business having been hastily run through, the Ben. B. PEILCY proceeded to nominate .jr. Shirley. In the present state of things it became the duty of c,nsti tuents to be even more careful than ever in the selection of persons to be their representatives, especially at a time when, though the agitation on the subject of the Reform Bill had scarcely subsided, they were threatened with a new Reform Bill, to be attended, it was to be hoped, with less questionable results. Amongst those who had been found treacherous they would not meet with the honoured names of Brooke, and Guernsey, and Newdegate, and Spooner, and as a fitting successor to one of these he named Mr. Shirley, knowing him to be a man incapable of selfish in. consistency, and believing him to be a man not of shifts and expedients —an ingenuous rather than ingeniou, ma d and a man of character, possessing the requisite knowledge' combined with the experience necessary fur a membet of parliament. Mr. W. DICAINS, Chairman of Quarter Sessions, ,econded the nomination. No other candidate having been proposed, the High Sheriff declared Mr. Shirley duly elected. Mr. SHIRLEY felt that it was not so much by words as deeds that he should manifest his sense of the great trust confided to him and the confidence reposed in him ; and is place of a fine speech he should endeavour to pursue a consistent course of action in the House of Commons. He should go to parliament an independent man, prepared to support such measures as might be consistent with the safety of the state—the maintenance of the apostolic church of these realms, and the preservation of its connexion with monarchy. He should be ready, too, at all times to support the agricultural interest, and he hoped that by such con duct he should be found to be what was said in the lan. guage of a well-known political club—" • safe and good man." (Cheers.) The hon. gentleman retired amidst partial cheering ; and a vote of thanks was duly moved to the sheriff. Then were brought forth the famous sword and spurs, with which the new knight was girt and invested " according to ancienl custom," and the proceedings termin►ted. THE T) ATJIOUTH BRIBERY COlDllsSlox. - • - The inquiry was resumed on Saturday. In the course of the day, Mr. Penniston, tobacconist, the vier. chairman of Mr. Greg's committee, stated that from the first election in 1832 it had been common to give suppers at the houses of publicans during the contest. He (Mr. Pen nistoa) was treasurer for Mr. G. F. Young in the election ef 1832, when he contested the borough with Mr. Sanderson Ilderton. That election cut Mr. Young 82:i1., Mr. Ilderton 1,5001. In 1835 there was no contest. In 1837 there was a e ery close contest. Sir:Charles Grey opposed Mr. Young. Mr. Young, however, had offended the liberals, and was not supported by them. It cost him 1,0001. for that election. He believed Sir Charles had to pay 2,000/. The next election was in 1841, when Mr. Henry Metcalfe, then a liberal, defeated Mr. William Chapman, a tory. Mr. Metealfe'a expenses wore between seven and eight hundred pounds. Mr. Chapman, he understood, spent above two thousand. There was no contest in 1847. So that there were three warm contests before the last eke tion, which was the moat extravagant of them all. At the last election the Duke of Northumberland's agent, Mr. Laws, was Mr. Taylor's leading attorney, and he thought something like direct influence was used to induce the tenants on the estate to vote for Mr. Taylor. He could R ot say so of his own knowledge, but it was reported that the present duke took a more lively interest in the politics of the borough than his predecessor. The tenants upon the Lawson estate were also always brought to the poll like a flock of sheep to vote for the tory. He knew many of the latter named persons to be liberal in principles. The great body of liberals in the borough were tradesmen ; some good men, and unbribable. The inquiry was adjourned until Monday. It is hoped that it will be brought to a close nest week. CLAIM OF STALYBRIDGE TO PARLIA MENTARY REPRESENTATIoN. The following memorial has been addressed to Lord Aberdeen by the inhabitants of Stalybridge : To the Right Hon. the Earl of Aberdeen, First Lord of the Treasury, &c.—The memorial of the undersigned gentry, clergy, solicitors, merchants, manufacturers, and other inhabitants of the town of Stalybridge, in the counties palatine of Lancaster and Cheater, in public meeting assembled. Humbly showeth,—That in the opinion of your memorialists, the happiness of this great empire mainly depends upon the prosperity of trade and com merce. That, in order to promote this prosperity and give to industry the fullest possible scope, it is of the greatest importance that all towns having large populations em ployed in manufacturing and commercial pursuits, with great wealth depending upon the success of those pursuits, should be represented in the legislature. That Scaly bridge had, in 1851, a population of 22,077 inhabitante, and that it has now, it is believed, a population of up words of 25,000 souls. That there are 4,126 houses and other property rated at 51. and upwards; and it is the terminus of three railways. That it possesses a steam and water power equal to that of 3,000 horses, contains houses and other buildings worth about 1,900,0001., pays a rental of not less than 95,0001. per annum, exclusive of chief or ground rents, and has a very large capital engaged in trade and commerce. That there are five district churches and ten chapels and places of worship, to nearly all of which are attached day and evening schools, and several of the schools have libraries and reading rooms connected therewith. There is also an excellent mechanics' institution, which has been established since 1825, and which is rapidly progressing. That the Stalybridge Savings Bank is in a most prosperous condition, having had, up to the 20th November, 1852, the sum of 61,2711. ss. 110. de posited by 1,924 depositors, and 1,062/. 16a. Id. deposited by five friendly societies, making a total of 62,3341. 2s. 01d. deposited in the bank by the industrious part of the pope• lation of this district; and out of this sum 61,5931. Is. lid was invested with government, and 7411. Os. lid. was in the hands of the treasurer; and the deposits now in the hands of the treasurer and invested with govern ment amount to about 67,4531., showing a very consi derable increase since the last balance was struck. That Stalybridge is, therefore, clearly entitled, in the opinion of your memorialists, to the privilege of returning at least one member to the Commons' House of Parliament, to watch over and promote its interests. That your me morialists, therefore, pray your lordships to take these pre mises into your consideration, and introduce a bill early in the ensuing session to confer upon this large and important town the invaluable privilege of electing one or more mem ber or members to the Commons' House of Parliament. And your memorialists, as in duty bound, will ever pray, Re." Stalybridge is one of a group of manufacturing towns in North Cheshire within the circle of a few miles, haring an aggregate of about 60,000 to 80,000 inhabitants, when: Mr. Disraeli, in his memorable and most unscrupulous speech on the insufficient representation of counties, described as "a rural population." GOVERNMENT INQVIRY INTO THE SANITARY STATE or NEWCASTLE.—The following letter has been re ceived from the Home Office, in reply to the memorisl lately forwarded from this town, in favour of an inquiry Into the causes of the recent mortality :--tt Whitehall, Nov. 30th, 88. Sir,—l am directed by Viscount Palmerston to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 24th instant, is reference to a memorial from inhabitants of Newcastle upon-Tyne, praying for inquiry into the causes of the late mortality in that town, and to inform you that a commission will be appointed to make the inquiry prayed for in the memorial. I am, sir, your obedient servant, H. Fitzroy.— George Robinson, Esq., M.D."—Netreastle Guardian. ANOTHER BLOW AT HUNGARIAN NATIONALITY.— The Emperor of Austria has just issued a decree directing that, from the Ist of January next, public instruction shall be given exclusively in the German language in all the state colleges of Hungary. At present, the professors in these colleges give their instruction in Latin, Hungarian, and German. LIGHT GoLD.—Serious complaints are made by retail tradesmen in various pins of the metropolis of the loss and annoyance to which they are subjected by the cir culation which has been given to a considerable Lumber of light sovereigns and half-sovereigns. Resides the spurious coinage referred to a day or two ago in the Daily N c ies, , which is made of good gold, but thinner than the money 01 the Royal Mint, half-sovereigns and sovereigns are current of less than the proper diameter, having been diminished in value by being ground round the edges, after which they have been remilled to deceive the eye. _ _ _ TUE MURDER NEII2 LEIGIITON BUZZ tßD.—Bar rows, the man who is in prison charged with the murder of Charity Olenniser, has confessed to the crime. He say` that he beat out her brains with a humor.