The Express. — London, England, 1848-02-29 00:00:00

government, and they already show unmistakeable sign of this. But:whom to choose? Each family has rendered itself unpopular and impossible. The mention of the elder BounitoNs with any hope were frenzy. Louts KieotEou is, as the French say, an ecerittV, a brainless person. The bt et liberals still cliug to the Count of PARIS, as the combination that would soonest restore peace and order, and best ensure liberty. Yet not only does this seem for the present impossible, but its im possibility excludes also from power and influence such men as BARROT and THIER., and LtMORICIEIte himself, who have shown want of faith in a republic. ladted, the want of faith in a republic, which seems to animate almost all but the obscure and igno rant in France, is alone suCient to render that form of government vain. A republic is like a religion. Mere uniformity will not uphold it. Enthusiasm, even fanaticism, is required. And these, it would appear, are wanting. If a breath of loyalty be wanting to fill the sails of monarchy, republicanism seems able to get up no more than a popular breeze, and that not a violent one. Even the speakers in the chamber who were for a republic, and the very men who undertook to issue proclamations in its name, use language of :al ambiguous kind, and aini evidently more at calming republiem ef.'crvescence than at ex citing or profiting by it. Every act and word of the leading men gives proofs of moderation and disinter estedni as. . _ ----- Should extraordinary events, thtrefore, not occur, the tendency is back to constitutional monarchy. But extraordinary events may derange this impulse. War may be prsvaked, or war may arise; and once tacos and efforts in France take that direction, evety thing else will be subservient to it, even civil government itself. And should that government be couwelltd to dtf.nd itself and the state at once from foreign t nemies and from domestic foes rising in civil war, a dictatorship is isevitable. For the fanaticism is wonting which rendered the convention so long an executive council. One of the events to which we allude, and which perhaps need net be caled extraordinary, is a revolu tion in Brussels. All must feel how likely the rumours which have already an rived of such au evtut.ultimtvely to prove true. Ki•.g Leortn.n has govern. d indeed like a constitutional king, tied, wiser than his father in law, has always bowed b, fore pith: opinion. But in this plan of government, King LEOPOLD has unfortu nately satisfied u ither the ultra-liberals nor the ultra eatholies; and the two p trties, which ejected WILLIAM OP MANGE, may, with a greater want or v. isdom and justice, unite a, - .,-ainet Leorot.n. Should such as insurrection take plot*, the French of 1848 cannot do less than the French of 1831, a r rerrai.i from fling ing their powerful shield oar the popular party in Brussels, eh uld any of the great continental mo narchies threaten to inter( re. In the event of a re volution at Brussels, we have no doubt that ministers would act upon the sound principle avowed bv Lord Joule Itessett. in the House of Commons last night with respect to France. And even in the event of a war, it is obvious that we have no lon( r any call to interfere. We have had enough of gn ,rantecing thrones, and must herezeforth leave them to take care of themselves. petuation of these the land-owning class, as for so many centuries the law-making class, have no one to thank but themselves. We throw out these suWstions with no idea of abetting the proposed increase in the national expen diture on armaments. On the contrary, we witted impress upon parliament and the public the necessity of diminishing the actual expenditure. We are willing to pay for a defensive force on that scale which cart be shown to be realiy necessary fur national defence. lint Vie distribution of our regiments alone is sufficient to show that a large number of them are raised and. maintained for purposes very different from defence. The far greater part of the regiments in Ireland and the ' manufacturing districts are- not intended fur defence, but as an adjunct to the police force. In most dis tricts of the country the local residents pay for their own police. In those parts of the country where this anomalous, this military police is preferred, let those who wont it pay for it, as others do, by local rates. By distinguishing the police army from the • defence army it would be seen that the Irish armed police is not the only police force of which the expense is unfairly transferred from the shoulders of those who use it to the nation at large. The use we would have made of the new source . of revenue we point to is, the abolition of imposts which fetter and paralyse industry. THE House of Commons will, this evening, bo called upon to sanction the Chancellor's lists of mem bers proposel to act on the c•ommitte, s appointed to investigate the navy, army, and ordnance expendi ture, and the miscellaneous expenditure. To the names proposed we feel no call to object. But we embrace the opportunity to protest against the as sumption that n nmittses, with ranges of inquiry so limited, can possibly arrive at any satisfactory results. In 1846 the total expenditure of the year was 50,943,830/. This is what the people of Great Britain had to pay for Revetment in diet year. But of this sum ouly 20,129,026/. was included under the heads army, navy, ordeauce, and miecellaneous expendi ture. The interest and management of the debt, funded and unfunded, took up 28,077,9861. And the civil list, the annuities and peneients charged by acts of parliament, salaries and allow - emcee, diplomatic salaries and pensions, courts of justice, and miecella neon, charges on the consolidated fund, amounted to 2,736,84161. The investigations of the committees are restricted to somewhat lees than two-thirds of that portion ef our annual expenditure which is brought under the cognisance of pat liament in any way. And it must also he kept in mind that there is a great mass of taxation which altogether escapes the scru tiny of perliment. Our local rates are taxation to support departments—and very important depart ments—of government. The fees of courts charged upon law proceedings, which go to form funds fur supporting our judicial eetobliehments. are taxation for government purpuees. To know how much of the taxes annually paid hy each member of the community is really required to support ten effieient goverment, and oleo to ascer tain what proportion the aggregate of these exactions from the people bears to their means of payment, the whole taxes levied and expended in the course of a year for the support of government must be taken into ace tune But the committees will only be allowed to inquire iutu those items of expenditure which relate to tie army, navy, and ordeunce, and into a few supplementary items of eisil exeenditure. For example., in the miecellancous estimates, the committee will find a clews of grants designated " Law and Justice," for which the re was voted in 1847, 1,021,33e 1 /. But these grants only go ' to defray the exist nditure in prosecutions by several departments of state, certain expenses of the. Court of Exchequer, the expenses of the Insolvent Debtors' Court, the expenses of canned prosecutions in Scot land and Ireland, the exp. 118C8 of our rn. del prisons, and the expense Bof our convict establishments. The sums paid under parliamentary authority for the support of our courts of justice, nue untirg to 870,4091., in 1846, are left out of account altogether, and so is the amount of fees paid by suitors to the ofikers of court. Parliament is mot presented with a complete and detailed statement of what is paid every year to support these institutions by which law is administered between man and man, or between any individual and the general community. Yet it is obvious that without such a statement it is impossible for patliament to know whether the ieoleted items it is called upon I to vote are really required. whether what is pro posed to be laid out upon them bears a due propor tion to the rest of our jedieial expenditure, and in how far the national expenciture upon legal institn •ions is in due proportion to the service received and the means of payment. But the claeses of expenditure to be submitted to the scrutiny of the Cn eNCELLOR OF THEEXeItEQUER'S committees embrace not merely a fragmentary and incomplete view of the national expenditure. They are in themselves perplexed and confused. The fourth class of grants in the miscellaneous mi mics relates to " Education, Science, and Art." In the Ordnance estimates we find the eighth general head designated " Scientific branch." In this is in cluded the Royal Military Academy, certainly as much an edneetional establishment as the theolo gical seminaries of Oxford, or the Scotch univer. cities. And we also find the " Ordnance survey of the United Kingdom," certainly an undertaking com menced andeerried en for civil purposes quite 118 much as the Irish townland survey, which we fled included in the miscellaneous estimates. In like manner we find in the army estimates a " royal military eel lege," and in the navy estimates another " scien tific branch," on the banks of which are borne the astronomer royal and his staff, the astronomical staff at the Cape of Good Hope, &r. Wlele the various grants by parlia ment in furtherance of science and education are thus atettered, instead of being brought into one focus, it is imp essible to ascertain how much is annually ex pended by goy* rnment to promote these objects, what proportion the outlay upon professional and ~cientific education bears to popular or elementary lucation, and whether the national means are over texed or under-taxed for this important object. And as with courts of justice, so with educational institutione, a large proportion of what is really state expenditure for educational purposes is withdrawn both from the control and cognisance of parliament, which is thus disenabled to decide on the adequacy of what is voted in this way, or the efficiency of its application. These hints will serve to show how much remains to be done before our national accounts can be brought into a compl.te and eatisfactory form—a necessary preliminary to effective retrenchment and due apph eatioe of the national income. Still there are some abuses so legibly and glaringly inscribed in the esti mates the committees are called upon to overhaul, that their labours cannot be altogether in vain. We see that the vote taken in 1847 for salaries and other expenses in the department of the Secretary of State for the Colonies was 18,0001., but that the estimated expenditure in that department was actually 23,112/. Of this 11,500/. was defrayed out of a "fee fund," arising from pateeports and appointments of vari ous descriptions. Payments received by depart ments, and nut allowed to find their way into the Exchequer, are, from their clandestine character, al waysliable to abuse. 01 27,979/., the estimated ex penditure in the Home-office for the alma year, 11,5001., was expected to be defrayed from a fee-fund, arising from appointments and "instruments." The committee on the miscellaneous estiMetes will, of course, inquire whether the Hallway Beard, instead of being worth 17,0001. a year, be not a nuisance that it' might be worth while paying a trifle to get rid of. They will also require explanations as to the 11,5781. which is annually paid out of the means of this country to suppott " clergy . in North America." The estimates will be seat-riled in vain for ant account of the expenses of the African squadron, , brit the commissioners for the euppreseiou of the slave trade will be found set down for about 23,0001.; the rewards fur services in suppressing the slave trade at about 7,730/., and so forth. The committee on the expenditure on armaments will do well to inquire Low many officers of the engineers enjoy lucrative civil appointments in addition to their pay, anal never do a turn of duty or pot on a uniform ; and how many engaged on the or dnance survey make comfortable pickings by exe cuting plans of gentlemen's properties. The proposed vote for the arctic expedition may also suggest in quiries into the relations between certain govern ment offices and certain scientific societies—a most fertile source of jobbing, small in its details, but tolerably expensive is the aggregate, and most demoralising in its political influence. NEVER cry halt in the moment of victory." Ministers have wisely and timcously yielded to the national protect against increased taxation. They have at the stme time hinted that at some indefinite peeled they may be disposed to go further. They ought to be pre-::eel to do so immediately. A few days ago they were courive: d that they could not go en without an addition to the income tax; they had made up their ntieds en the subject. The unanimous and earnest expreesice. of public opinion out of deems has refreshed their memories. As the pertinacity of the Sluggish Knight in " Ivanhoe" recalled to Filar Tuck's rceollectioit the venison pasty and runlet of canary ws.ieh had been lett with him by the keeper, so the pertinacity of the towns has recalled to ministers' reeollee ion the balances in Exchequer which will enable them to dispt use with the addition to the income tax. A little I, ore pertiniuity may sharpen their wits as well as strengthen their memories, and enable them before Friday to devise means for dispcneingwith their additional armraments, and find out some mode of alleviating the pressure of the income tax, it not of dispensing with it altogether. The total yearly collection of the property and income tax averaged during the four yeah 1813 to 1846 (inclusive) about five millions and a half. Of the 5,603,413/. collected in 1816, 2,528.721/. was paid out of income from property; 324,3191. cut of farmers' incomes; 741,019/. out of annuities; 1,678,693/. out of prefeasional incomes; and 327,76 W. out of emoluments from puLlle offices. The lastenenthated we leave oat of account, as being merely tantamount to reductions of official salaries. It is remarked with justice that 324, 391. is a ridi culously low return from the aggregate of incomes derived from the incebow et of capital in agricultural enterprise. Either the duty on this class of incomes has been rated too low, as compared with other classes, or there has b- en juaaliug in the assessment. In either way injustice has been done to other clesees of the community, in order to ecaleihate the landlords and tb, it dependents ; and if the tax is to be couti nued, an increased return may, under proper management, fairly bo looked for from this source. Again, it is remarked tlutt 1,678,595/. is much less than could have been looked for front the per-tentage imposed on the aggregate professional in comes of the kingdom within tile range of the tax. There can be no doubt that it is, and the reason is obvious. An authority friendly to the- continuance of the tax admits that an annuity of 5001. per annum, at the age of 30, is, at 5 per cent., worth 6,5361., the annual interest on which sum, at the game rate, would be 3261. A perpetual income of 3001. a year from property is, on the other hand, just 5001. a year. On this showing, the professional income of 500/. a year would be highly rated to ttle tax as 32W., when the income from real iced propertywaa rated a s 500/. Every professional men, therefore, with 500/. per annum, feels that in being made to pay the same amount es the prom ietor receiving the same nominal income, he is surcharged to the extent of at least 1401. He therefore makes no scruple of understating his in come. Grave lamentations are made over the want of kigh-spirited integrity evinced by such aulael tuees ; but the fault is in the law, which tempts and drives men to them in self-defence. As sure as excessive duties of customs or excise create smuggling or illicit distillation, so sure will an unjustly assessed income tax continue to produce evasion. And the evasion will increase in ext. nt with every year that the ine quality is allowed to continue. If parliament in tend to renew the property and income tax, now that Lord JOHN has ate - tudoucd his proposal to raise the per centage, for other three years, a distinctie n ought to be made between professional iueomas and iecomes from prop , rty, as well with a view to the yielding of the tax, as to the morality of the commurity. We believe that a mere equitable rating of farmers and profeemional incomes would, at a loiter per cent age on the latter, yields' greater annual return. But should parliament lack faith to make the ex periment there is a tax which lies jhst at their hand that will far more than make np for any possible falling off in the revenue. They can I subject teal piolarty to a tax corresponding to that now levied wider the name of legacy duties, or dudes no probates and letters of administration on all ether kinds of propertv. The average annnal return erom legacy tiattes arei datite eu probates and admi nistratious is about 2.200,0u0/. As far as we can judge from various sources of inforruatiou, the aggre gate of real propeity in this country west be about equal in value to the aggregate of inheritances to real pro perty would give, one year with another, an addi tional revenue of 2,200,0001. 'there can be no more just tax, no tax less felt, than one upon inheritauces. It is the existence of aa effi ciant government that ~iv, s security to inheritance. The per tentage deducted from an inheritance is no deduction !rout the doe Tendril of industry, either of brad or howl. It is in every case a deduction from what is acquired without labour, and the acquisition pt which in moat ca-es cold not be counted on with CP I taioty bef.,re-h.enel. Debi lea, being already paid by oae class of the community, the exemption of another is an unjust and invidious distinction. The only shadow of a plea advanced by the ex empted portit a in palliation of their exemption is the asset tion ti - at there are heavy burdens pressing „upon them from which other property is exempt. Tne stamp duty upon Wortgages and transfers of land is ci'ed as an example of those burdens. The truth is that this duty does not exceed, one year with ano ther, 9d. in every 100/. worth of laud in the king dom. The excessive burdens, if they exist at all, exist in the shape of die cumbrous and cretly furma- Utica by which land is transferred.; and for the per- TIIE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 29 1848. REVOLUTION IN FRANCE. Wo yesterday published a portion of the following intelligence. The acts of the new government have been very vigorous. M. Cloudclaaux, the new Minister of Finance, had confirmed in their offices all the functi-)melee of that department. Property belonging to the crown has been confis cited, and not only royalty . but NapelLonistn is abo- I li,hed, by order of the provisional government. This last is probably aimed at a party who have been making demons rations in favour of' Louis Na poleon, w ho, with his secretary, D'Orsi (tot [ Count Allred D'Orsay, as our Boulog! e corre spondent erroneously stated), has, it is sail, arrived 'in the neighbourhood of Paris. Dentonstratiore of the same kind have been made in favour of the Duke [of Bourdcaux. Steps have been taken everywhere• to 1 secure the continuation of the republican /o;yinie. Attention has been ditected to provincial appoint menu. Those suspected of monarchical sympathies are discarded, and men of republican opinions put in their steed—thus, M. Conic has been appointed A , turnev-General of the Court of Appeal at Douai; M. St. Romme at Grenoble. By a decree , of M. Cremieux, Minister of Justice 1 and member of die provisional government, the fol lowing precureure-general at courts of appeal have been dismissed front their functions : M. 'Mangle, at the Court of Appeal of Paris ; M. de Peyramont, at I Augers; M. de Golbery, at Besancon ; M. Pares, at Colmar; M. Corbin, at Orleans; M. Blanchet, at Grenoble ; M. Prate, at Douai ;M. Didelot, at Beure, , es i and M. Lem Ire, at Caen. Of those likely to get a diplomatic appointment is the celebrated Abbe Lameunaie, who wiU, it is said, be sent to Rome. . . Meanwhile the popular cause is gaining ground in the precincts, many of them having given in their adhetion. Amongst these are Dijon and Bordeaux, where tranquillity prevailed on the 25th, the date of accounts from both those places. The prefect of the Lower St Me had announced that the government of the republic was proclaimed in his dtpartintnt, and received with the liveliest enthusia,-m. At Tours, Rouen, and other cities, departmental and district com missions It'd been appointed for the e,tablishm.mt of the republican government. Nowhere had order been disturbed. The ambassador of the United States had congratu lated the provisional government, as every one ex pected he would do. A meeting. of peers had b:i t held, and a resolution to adhere to the ieptbli adopted. The gauche and centre gauche had met, and pat.st d a like resolution. Measures have been adopted for the preservation of ihe ammunition in the fort at Vincennes; and the de tockcd forts round Paris, the surrender of which wehave announced, were occupied by the rural national guard. 20,000 of the finest young men of Pat-is were en rolled on Saturday as national guards mobiles. Re giment* of the line were arriving in Paris to replace those which had been disbmded. . _ . General Redenu has been aplinted to the com mand of the first military divisions, and General Subervie has been appointed 'Minister of War in his stead. Geri , ral Durivier has been charged with the organisation of the moveable national guard, of whom he is appointed commander-in-eltief. The provisional government have also decreed that civil, judicial, and administrative functionaries should he releast d from their oath. _ . . Algeria seems to be a source of anxiety to the new republic, and it is nut likely to be allayed when it in known that Bun Macs, the celebrated Arab chief, has escaped. It appears that orders were sent down by telegraph to chance the superior (Act r to whom the guard of Abd-el Kuder had been entrusted. _ . . The following derision was adopted on Saturday for abolishing the pain of death for political offences: The provisional poet rament, convinced that ifTlll , l, ur of soul is the supreme policy, and that each revolution effected by the l'•rtnch people owes to the world the con secratins of a further philosophic truth—considering tits:. there is no more sublime principle than the inviolainlity of human lite—considering that in the memorable dies iu which we are, the provisional govensmeist has established with pride, that not a cry of vengeance or of detth escaped the mouths of the people, declares that the penalty of death is abolished Ist political maters (en warier/ politicise), and that it wi4 submit proposition w dila definition and ratification of the nation .1 assentibly. The provisiortal go vernment has so firm a conviction ol the troth, that it i.re claims, in the name of the Frenc t people, that if the guilty men who hove just caused the hl ood of France to flow were in the ban•ls of the peopl it would, their opinion, bt a more exemplary chastisement to &grade them, than to strike theta Louis Philippe's chateau at Ncuilly was burnt down, but it is stated that the valuable pietur.s, plate, and valuables it contained, were carefully re moved and sent to the public treasury before the work of conflagration commenced. The wooden bridge of Asnieres, from which the Rouen and St. Gertutin and Versailles trains used to pass, was not only cut hut burned : and the chateau of one of the Itoihschilds, at Suresnes ' on the banks of the Seine, h •tween Ncnilly and St. Cloud, was destroyed by in cendiaries. A volunteer guard of a thousand men had been posted at the cnateau of St. Cloud, which was to remain a monument of Louis Philippe's m,- tiring love of architectural decoration. The bridge of Bezons, on the Rouen fine, .vas also burned. At l'ontoise, on the northern line, where we stated yesterday that the India mail hod been burnt, a million of francs worth of merchandise wa,. consumed. There were burned 12 waggons near St. Denis as svell as the Debarccdere. All this devas tatiou was attributed to the passions of the people who had suffered by the substitution of railway for other moths of conveyance. A similar motive led nearly to the destruction of printing presses in Paris, but the off Aim of writers and workmen combined stop- pill the menaced ruin. At Lille, the Sith Regiment, ' under the command of General Negricr, was pelted with stones on leaving by railway for Paris. Negri. r was one of Bugeaud's tried men. At Amiens there was also dreadful commotion, as troops were leaving for I'aris, ail all the troops had declared for the republic. We give elsewhere an account of disturbances at Rouen which had, we find, nothing to do with the re publican movements, but were an ebullition of popular feeling against English workmen. Is will be seen that the municipality took most energetic steps to punish the rioters. The chalking on the walls " Plus de Bourbons !" has given place to " Plus de Royante !" The Thiqh 21h,narchique (newspaper) has dropped the sec .nd word of its title. All "royal arms "or other emblems of royalty, have been taken down or defaced. On Sunday morning, the provisional government, at the head of an immense procession, marched to the Column of July, to have erased the July slate, and that of February substituted, by way of inaugurating the conversion of this monument to its new destina tion. The weather was very inclement. Paris was illuminated on Saturday night in finer st3le than on the two preceding evenings. Venetian lamps were abundantly u•ed, and so disposed as to make the tricolor transparent. The Boulevards were excessively gay. People at all the windows, and , under the lamps, were devouring the journals. _.— ROVEN.—BURNINO OF THE RAILWAY at,p ,, ars krona tie accounts published in the ..11,Aorial le ROLCiI that the attack on the railway originated more iu a jealotsy of the English workmen who forntrd it, than in eny p,litiexlpurpo , n connected with the rev 'lotion. Ir ap r.ra that on Thursday evening groups of operatives pat ailed straclt armed with clubs and, c banners of ttiaol or red and blue, on which various mutroes were exhibited. A nnrnher of red, and red and blue, cockades wire distributed among them, which th•-v wore in their ceps. They commenced by attacking an kigllah f'ur'ry, but were diverted 'tom much mischief by the national guard. The y then spread in various clirections,exhibiting fresh flags, with the words "Mori aux A nylrzis !" crying out "rice In Re'nuhrgue f" and singing ilia "Nlarscillaie.." At niue e'clock in the evening the mob set fore to th rail tr.y constructed of word, over the Sr ire. Although it poured with rain a vast crowd assembled on the quays to witness the conflagration, which, from much of the bridge being built of deal, occasion :illy bont forth like a vokano. The fireintn and the national guard were quickly ;h2 spot, endeavouring to extinguish it. At halt-oast eleven Runner bridge, that of Grammont, together with a lodge and the St. Sever atatio', burst forth iu dunes The vs.t warehouse and engine-houses attached to the station a ire also entered and damaged by the mob. boon ate , the station in the Rue Vette was attacked. At intervals the wards "Down with the English !" were uttered by some of the rioters, and there was o manifest disposition to destroy ev, ry portion of the railway works which English workmen bed any hand in constructing. In the course uf Friday mo g—thanks to the well-directed, steady, and untiring exertions of the National Guard and of the pompiera—the tire uses extin guished. This event hos canard great indignation am:nre the more respectaMe part of the community. The following proclamation from the provisional mayor and municipal council, beside& indicting a wren and just censure on the rioters, affords some details not included in the above account: - - TO ALL Till Waite WWll". Citizens, deplorable science were acted last Evora*. • At eight o'clock the railway evoiiin WI the Rue Ver . . was attacked. Datum conniderable enough endanger the live. of traveller. was committed, and disorders o the most fearful a hander would, don't:- • les., have ensued, bad not the poet of the National Guard—too weak to it, fend all the points of that immense establiatiment—rcceired a , timely reinforcement. The station of St. Serer as also menaced. and the National Gouda were..d that point, assailed with atones and severely treated. but the most culpable act mat the tiring of the wooden bridge (of whivh the two arches near the left hank of she Seine were burnt b,- fore it was peesible to stop the mischief) and of several buildings be longing to the railway. The oannicitail eouLeil coil on citizens of every party to express in the mast energetic terms du it 11.4 -nation at ouch acts. It would be doing a great itaiuslice to the friends of lilt republican government to ' suppose that there is one et three who would approve or even ex. toe tech tiOrlWef. True eliisen, respeetalic operative., the express their Joy by p itreitie demonstrations, would deem l'imuselves for ever di, thouiured were they to b• confounded with the wretches who profited by the advent olden:Literacy to Irving , in at fILIIAL. vandalism. The cot:lied, then, invite ail gist cif teens to the name of honour, of patriotism, and of the iv gurerament, to scPssate Mem .Cive", from the authors of these vxcesesa, and not to expose them- Alves to the settee measure of re presQion to which the public turce mill be &dared to h ive recoup.° should they rieur.--O4nral by M. the mayor, and twelve of the eouneil.—Evb. le4S. This do. unseat was drawn up at two o'clock ou Saturday rnornind, and, not long after, it was seen that the determine s non it expressed did riot imply mere paper threats, for 52 of the rioters were sunned by the national guard. On many of them mete found sums to money, tor thu possession of which they could not readily accoun.; and on other, tow dipped in spirits . , matches, mid various inetndisry matcrials wire discov, red. - - • • • Liter on the same mornioz the provisional government was formally accepted at Rotten. THE REVOLUTION ON THE BEL GIAN FRONTIERS. BRUSSELS, Fen. 27. In yesterday's letter I stated tie t cxtra•erdinary measures had been already taken to preserve order in the Belgian territory. This morning the Munileur Beige publishes the law (suddenly voted last evening in the two chambers). authorising the government to raise a sum equal to the 8-12ths of the land tax (con tribution lincterc) for the year 1845—in other words, a forced loan. This " tax" fur the current year will become due on the 10th of March next, but the sums advanced will bear 5 per cent. interest till repaid. The law received the royal signature late last night. The greatest excitement still prevails. The Nu - !lima: and the Itclorrne have arrived, but no letters. The D , -bat Social asserts in the most positive manner that the Belgian government has seized all the de spatches and letters from France. One thing is cer tain—no letters from the Pat is correspondents of the leading Brussels new pipers have been received. The statement, however, requires confirmation. In tho cafes, the ester/inlets (public-houses), the private clubs, and the offices of the leading news papers, the conversation very fie ely turns on the probable influence of the French revolution on the destinies of this country. The resolution of the Bel gian government to put the fortresses in a state of defence, has given rise to a variety of opinions. Many thick that the step is an imprudent one, inert much as, in the first place, it is, if not a direct, at least an indirect, violation of the treaty of London, which required the demolition of those fortresses; and in the second place such a step is likely to give con siderable umbrage to the " authorities that be" in France, and to be considered as an hostile demonstra tion. On the other hand, there are not wanting numerous Belgians who approve of the measure, looking upon it in the light of a defensive and nut an offeueive act—in other words, as one taken in tile in tereet of the maintenance of the neutrality of Belgium, and the preset 'ration of its territory from invasion. The question howfar recent events will be approved of by England is also a main topic of conversation in political circles. The general conviction appears to be that the British cabinet will acknowledge whatever form of government may receive Vie sanction of the French nation ; but that on the other hand, if the French republicans should invade the Belgian terri tory, England will enerreically protest against that step, und—s'aresere. It. must be stated, too, that the question how far a republic would suit Belgium, also, is far from being secretly discussed. The King, Queen, and royal family have left Lacken, and definitively taken up their residence in Bru-sole. Cabinet councils are, it may be bait!, per manently held, day and night. 'fho two great political clubs of Brussels (one of which is rather metre in its radical opinions) have re solved, after negotiation ato that effect had at first failed, to form a provisional alliance or coalition. The Minister of War is placed in rather a delicate posi tion. He is a Frenchman by birth, and is generally looked upon as favourable to a French alliance. Seine rumours of his resignation are current. The civic guard have b •en assembled, and efficient measures hare been taken to prevent any disturbances. Non s in the &sigma papers details the state of the frontier towns of France on the side of Belgium. The population of Arras was in the greatest excitement on the 26th. The trains were not allowed to proceed. Crowds, bearing flags and promenading the streets, were shouting and singing, and enlivening the time by smashing windows and lamps. The railway sta tion had been plundered, and the electric telegraph torn down. At Douai the same scenes had been enacted, and the bridge on the Schelde, near Anzio, burnt. At Valencennes, on the 26(h, the most deplorable excesses had taken place. The railway bridges there had elect been burned, and the railway station had been fired. A provisional administration bad been nominated, which had issued proclamations requiring the revolution to be conducted calmly and peaceably. At Lille, on the same day, great crowds a,st d in the streets, and set fire to the hotel of the prefec ture. Here, also, the railway station was burnt, and the greatest excesses were committed. SOUTHAMPTON, Moynky, Prince Leopold, Count of Syracuse, hi:other of the King of Naplce, and nephew of the Queen of the French, landed this morning. Ho escaped in the dis guised' a labourer. 11.2 proceeded to London by the nine o'clock train. 'l'ho Express will leave imme diately for Havre. The Ilinsiostan and Madrid steamers are coaling, and will proceed immediately to France. The Hin dostan will proceed to Cherbourg,. The Hibernia left this morning for Cherbourg, and the Monarch for I lure." EXPECTED ARRIVAL OF LOUIS PHILIPPE AT PORTSMOUTH. Our Portsmouth corr.spondent, dating Portsmouth, 'Monday, 5 o'clock, informs us that the heat.-goverr or hasju..t received a despatch from London, stet' that the cx-King of the French may be expected here this evening. THE EX-ROYAL FAMILY OF FRANCE.- ARRIVAL OF THE DCCRESS OF MONTPEN. SICK. Another day has parsed w;•hout any authentic in telhgenca hoeing been received at the French entbany as to the retreat of L.Slie Pnilippe ' and the most intense anxiety naturally prevails as to the natty of the deposed King and the members of his family. The following detail, commenc hit with the early part of Thurelay, has been derived from an eye-witness of, and a participator in, the evraordinary events it attempts to &scribe : and while the utmost reli ance may be peceini on the authenticity of the various facts reLtel, the detail it will be foure, to explain in a great measure the bitntrto almost inexplicable cireutnranca of the separation of the vat leas members of the royal family. On 'thus day morning, after the dismissal of the Oeizat ministry, the King and Queen, with the Duke and Duchess de Nemours the Duke and Duchess de Montpensier, and the Duke and Ducaess Auguste of Saxe Coburg, remained in the palace of the 'Tuileries. The King was surrounded by a large number of his most intimate pensonel friends, among whom were the Duke de Breglie and several other membire of the Chumb:r of Peers. M. Thins and many odi 'r leading deputies were alto present, all maxims to ad vi c with the King as to the le at .mode of proe.edirg under cxi,ting circumstances. The Duke. de Nemoun at this' time and the command of the troops in the emit-yard of the p dace. T:te insurgents were fo rt gathering and advancing in Jerre bodies in the directian of the Tuileries. The national kord cave way before them, and on nearing the palace en treated that the artillery mizht not he used on the people. The Duke de Nemours yielaed to their solicit-tion, and not a shot was fired. As the mob rapid's incrcan d, however, the King was suivisei to lease the palace, a step which his Ile;esty at leno,th reluctantly consented to adopt. With the Kii.g departed her Majesty the Queen, the Duchere de Nemours and three of her children, the Dike and Duchess Auguste of Saxe C•ibourg with their youthful family, and the Duchess de Montpens;er. The Duke de Monvensier left at the same time, in command of a small escort which accompanied the royal faigiliv,s on their road to Drieux. Alter the departure of the royal finally, the mob pressed onwards in the direction of the Tuileries, and a sharp tiring was commenced. Oa arriviag opposite the palace they com menced breaking the windows, and in a very short period every pane of glass in the principal front Was delkeliftlWa• The national guard had now entirely given way, and the mob having inereaecd tenfold, the Duke de Ne moors, ficding resistance hopeless, retired through the gardens of the palace with a small band of 1 , 01- dim" who still remained faithful to him, The duke then learning that the Duehees d'Orleans, with her two infant children, had gone ta the Cham"er of Deputies fallowed her thither, and on arriving there, left his litt'e troop of soluien on guard at the entrance, while he himself remelted into the chamber, "mere the discussion on the questiau of accepting the Count de Paris as King was at that tame proceeding in a very satisfactory manatee. During the diraltsaion the inaurgects arrived, and having, easily . overpowered the troops on guard, they occupied all the made e, and entered the chamber itself, in large number., bearing arms, Sias, and b . ..nnere, and uttering the Lee! tli.corelant and frightful im privation.. One man etu die heed at the president, who lortutiat. ly .1 the shat intended for his life, but was item. dietely thrust out of his seat, and, with the other depu ties, obliged to give way. Tee Duke de Nemours had at this moment hold .1 t ae Count ale Paris's hand, the Duchess d'Oritans Ledam her et caud son (the Duke de Chartres). So frightful was the rush of tine mob that both the young pine. a were separated Leann their protectors, and It was lath extreme d theint) that the Duke de Chartres was recovers he havant beets islet in the me:ee fee eome time. There now appeared no alternative for use Duchess d'Orleans and her Mother-in-law, tut to proceed to the luvalides, which Oty accordiugly did, atteaded ay a small though gallant band of soldier., who b. hared with the greatest devotedness so she last. To the Invalides the env at rueitives were pursue aby the infuriated mob ; and a violent attack being made upon the LUtel, it was deemed p. talent fur the duke and the duchess to separate, and take the best mum' at hated for their respective safety. The Lake de N•: m. ors left Paris directly, and on the road to Baulogne tell in swift. his royal relative!, the Duke and Duehess Auguste of Saxe Coburg, wish whom, as we stated paerdae, his Royal Highness crewed the Channel on Sunday. With regard to the pr gress of the other members of the royal family the fullowiug is tel that is known. It appears, after leaving Paris, it was fund the revolutionary feeling prevailing in all the principal towns was such as to reader it exceedingly impolitic for the royal busily to travel to gs thee, and it was accordingly arranged that they should separate at such intervals a* might ensure this probability of a sate transit to Englund, our sea-girt isle appearing to be the only safe refaue for the royal exiles. The Duke and Duette.. Auguste of Saxe Calmer were the tint to separate from the &Indy ; the Duchess do Mantpen• sier the next. The arrival of the former we have already announced ; the latter reached the French emboss! a t eta.- day alternoo... The last accounts of the King end Llama), with the other members of the royal family, re from Dreux, on the rived to Havre, at w hat pl.ce there seems to ha e.ary pr ambility the family separated in order to avoid re cognition. Hairier stated all that is known of the absent members of the royal family, we return to the French embassy in Landon. At hall-paw ten o'clock yesterday m her Royal Highwme the Deck is of Kant arrived it the em- Weal, and had a long ants t view with the Duke de No moors and lee royal relatives. While the Micheal was at the emlnesay the reigning laucheas of Saxe Coburg ar: iv. d from Buckiaehaut Palace to pay a visit to their Royal High nesses. fhe youngest daughter of the Dnke de Nemours and the three children of the Duke and Duchess Auguste of Saxe Coburg were subsequently ceuve)ed to Backingh an Palace. where they will r. main for the present. At a quarter to I tar o'clock the Duchess de Montpaneer arrived at the 'whimsy from the Lumina-bridge terminal. of the South-Eastern Railway. Wm Royal Highness parted limn the King and Queen very shortly atter they 1. ft Pais, and under tweet of a confidential Iriend et the Duke de niantiws.sier made the best of her trey ta Boulogne. At Abbeville th" Duchess had a very narrow tecape, having been recogilia. d and attacked by a neta. 'ter Iliehness only escaped by takira refuge in the house of n art relemen, twin the rear of which she afterward* ts• c peal, and ultimately reached Baulogne, from which port she crossed yesterday. The Deka anal Duchess Auguste or Saxe Coburg left the French enitemay last eveniva for Buckingham Palace, there .o take up their residenca. The complimentary calls at the embassy were excoriate]) numerous during the day, commencing from an early hour in the nor. ipg. Hie Grace the Duke of Wellington arrived, on h. rsahack, at heir-Last one 0'e1...k. Ilia grass', on alighting, war. isse by the Count de Janne, with whom he remained closeted ha . some time. His Excellency Baron Brunnoer rs ached the embassy at the same =Anent with the noble and gni lant duke, and joined its tee conference which follewed. The absence of his Royal Highness the Duke de Ns moues, at Buckingham Palace, deprive.' the Duke of Welliegtun of the opportunity of paying his lammed respects. The roll. and madame duke was, however, most particular in his in quiries after his Royal Ilighneas, and, we understand, ex. presser' great anxiety at to the fate c f the King. Among the members of the corps diplomatigue who called and left their name. at the embassy yesterday were : hie Excellency the Anwrian Amleisaudor and the Countess thetrichstain, his Kee lleacy the Petted= Minister and Madame Barmen, his Excellency the Bavarian hlacister and the Baroness de Cato, hie Excellency the Belgian Minister, his Excellency the POI!122Ulle Minister and the Viscountess do Moncorvo, his Excellency the Brazilian alinetter, Tame, the Spanish Undue d'Affaires • the Chevalier Ri biero, Seers tary to the Portuguese Le gation;: M. de Ser ial. two, Attache to tb 3 Legation; M. Diaz, Secretary to the Spanish Legation ; the Attaches to the Spanish Legas fun, &c. The members ..f the nobility who called during the day in cluded the Duke and Duchess of Norfolk and the Ladies Mary and Adellea Fitz Ilan Howard, the Marquis and Marehinnisa ef Llnedowne, the Marquis of Bristol. the Marquis sod Marchiontes of Salisbury, the Earl Forteseue, the Earl and Countess Granville, the Countess of elensfield and the Ladies Murray, the Earl of Mansfield, the Earl and Countess Delaware, the Earl Spencer, the Earl Fitzwilliam and the Ladies Charlotte, Albeeds, end Dorothy Wentworth Fitawilliena the Earl and Counteraof Shelburne, the Countess of Jersey and Lady Clementine Villiers, the Earl of Jerery, the Countess of Gainsborough and Lady Ca therine Noel, the Countrea Danger of Verulam, Vis count and Viscountess Beeestord, Viscount Canter bury, Viscomat and Viecounten Canning, Vaceunt and Viscountess Jocelyn, Viscount Villiers, Viscount and Viscauntral Falkland, Viscountess Palmerston, Viscount and Viscountess Didon, Viscount and Viscountess Ebrington, Lady Brosigham and Lady Melee, Lady Aisne alaekenxie, Lam Edward Fisz den Howard, lewd and Lady Celehester, Lady Heald and Miss Raid, Hon. Col. Dawson Darner, Hon. Mr. and Mrs. Spencer Pousonby, Sir Stmt. ford Canning, Sir Harry and Lady Verney, Sir James end Lady Graham and Mrs. Graham, Sir Alexander ead Lady Woodford, Sir Frederic and Lady Thesiger, Sir F. Was hed Myers, Col. and Lady Alice Peel, Mr. and Lady Geor gians Fullerton, Major-General Fox, Col. Eden f Fusis:ier Guards), Lieut.-Col. Begot, the O'Gorman Nalien, Mr. ileney Baring, Mr. Laurie, ite. COLONIAL. CAPE OF GOOD HOPE. Subjoined ieiiiii;rePreeieeaccoun --- tOf the arrange = vet between Sir !ferry Smith and the Kaffir., which we announced yesterday. The Zuid Afrikans of the 30th of December last mays A Gorr, toned &mete Extraordinary, published at Graham's Town on the 23th lusted, rantonse a ~ ries of pruelomatioos and notices. issuel fn cousequrn, of this resol•etion, for the future ecru• tatioue larth of the district attached to the colony, ander the territories which, though not at permit forming a part of the colony, are vested ,in her Maine,- the Queen. The first will be rolled Vietmia, and eon sin of a number of must try vnieges, ethending between the Viet and Ketektoni rivers; selail-t the latter, under the LAMA of British Katie it io, will extend from the tatter ever to the Kei, and ipe held fr the Kaffir rho b and their people under such n mentions es Mr etalesty's High Cienmiosinner, or other representative, wl.o shall be tie; pont • chiet et the whole of the said territoriee, shall deem best c tleulated to promote their civilisation, couversion to Christianity, and general en lightenment. In connexion with this event, the following notes, drawn up by the Duke of Wellington on the Kat& war, and con tained in the " Correspondence relative to the state of the Kffiar Tribes," presented to the 'inure of Confluent on Friday, are toll of important suggestions for the future : Norrl or rn,. Kama WAL—I. This war againet armed savages .1100 t he carried on according to the seknow:i Aged rules, but tr.- trading to r immou settee arid the peculiarity of eireumthinms which arise when rropeseil to well-armed barbarian , weer however Rhin dewing tie, true principle of caucesinition on given peanut; trot trent, Rink, and rear, are mere terms with such an enemy, and, to compare email things with great, troops in KallirLind are precisely situated no the French army was in hpain, sunounded, and can communie-te alone in farce. The efficiency of troops Po situated doe, not ambit in numerical force, but in the • quipment of that force, end its capability of moving. 2. To subdue wise li•.filr hordes, tie mem, or arch par; of it at present os the frontier ea can he equipped for the field, should be formed into two bodice : the one lee the defence of the reputed frontier, composed of the leas rftkient for ; she Giber striae , fura.ld lines into riadir reeijiy, with r i ge a ume threeiritiletive, rear of tar:kw:l,l.l7 sevens rig e'ducnne, as a Wee to the whole, Time posts of Fort Murray, King Willeim's Town, Beriseard, Cos, more eseecially the le ba Flats, Fart Wilt shire, and both Br••wn, am., on the u.ore Weaned line, Forte Weltingtou and Warrica m.l hi Aerie* re.establisbcd. Teise torts or places Waimea require no regular fortitimtien ; stone walk or mad, ball' fort, half stable, toopdolcd, and • rood door, may be so emir rect. as to give •Co e tire —the .tne:.rr the better—men being required to mine 'a thee IleM. The marches from these again eitoblis rieiests sbould be neat rapid and unexpected. The troops in light limo rang order, well pro, tiled with ra.r. a • second tear of shoes, and GO extra runds of animunitim ; II tirr re are no bullocks in the direction of the patrol, helical:lee to elaurot r • must be Mi. co; a wart w [leis however Is r itely expert., -I. Some rum caned on park oxen, as they are termed, is nquiei.e, for the water is frequently very bed. le this is to consi-t the ems. role-aril for a few days' pa:roL if 2,000 men of all arms, burghers, volunteers, Re., are uponolunteers, the line of defence, it to ample; and if 2,0•00 men of all arms for the Ineastitig force be muse rapidly and energetically moved, the sear would be Ws...Mend in two or ',Mee weeks. In in king the pavrob hem the diftirent pools r they are re-estabffhed, every core must be taken that the em any ncver obtain the Mightmt adviaitoge, tor such to him is a ietory. The Kaffir, like every iodate barharian, Ls a demouding creature ta adversity; sod, Iv Ocn once eubtliteit, reedy kept euhor dinate. The Faroe then might be reduced to i:,eoo men of all arms, and In a year to 1,340 or les, SA for as reeanle the defends of the frontier sganst the KIRIN. All, however, defends on the vigour and energy with which the petrels crc Can thiStod. The enemy shculd be kept in it state of continued client. went and emir, o tee w.a 1, optadile subdued, and for ever wept so, if beady, Jo and justly vested. lout no treaties to be entered Into, and tee whole of the cousin" utto she ken River added to the British airrelthons 3. Cavalry in the Fe ink bush is of no ant of use, and tie liattlr never expees himself on Hu: plain. 1. Augment the Cape emirs of cavalry tai itht effective ter roes, .:ideals* a corps of Cape infantry emotes, d of the sober ch., if Hottentots. 3. 1 time are the outlines of rilitary cm cation., and no resin as the , war io terminated • great fadd co; ens for the diepley of obildv io the management of the subdecd Rases; as their quetade and . d•eility progress, to may the meitary force to censiderithiy rr lue.tt : hut In no situeuon of lire Is more emery and orivity blear-sit thou in the management of turbulent. NEW BRUNSWICK.—The surveyor-general has submitted a plan for the disposal of crown lends which our private eorrespor.tlenee lends us to hideve mere is some chance may be acted owns. A bill hu passed the legislature for imposing a tax upon all euaigraato—young and old. The rates are 10s. per head on all emigrants arriving before 1 September; from let September to let October, 1.51. per head ; alter let October, 11. per bead. If a ship is plead in quarantine on account of sickness among the passengers, an additional auto of Ss. per be►d must be paid for all on board; and if the vessel remain 10 days in quarantine, a further sum of ss. per head will be demanded. It is understood that similar rates will be imposed in the other N,rta American colonies. The miseries and horrors of hat year have caused • complete revulsion of feeling as regards Irish emigrants, who will be looked upon hereafter with tear and tremelilig. Coun. The Duchess of Kent dined with her Majesty and Prince Albert yesterday evening, at Buckle Aron l',,'.les. The Duke and Duchess Augustus of Saxe Coburg and their three infant children have la en tee: ice' at Buck ingham Palace by her Majesty and Prince Albert, and Ire far the present residing there. The infant daughter"( the Duke de Nemoors is likewise for tha prevent receiving her Majesty's hospitality. The Duchess of Gloucester visited their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge yesterdd■ay, at Cambridge-house. A cabinet council was held at half-past two o'clock yesterday afternoon, at the Foreign-office. Tin ministers present were:—Lord John Rusell, the Inn 1 Chancellor. the Marquis of Lsnadowne. Sir G.•orge Grey. Vislount Pal merton, Earl Grey, the Chancellor of the Hee: quer, the Eal of Auckland, Sir Jo ,n Hubhouse, Lor•t Campbell, Viscount Morpeth, the Right Hon. H. Lab.ruchere, and the Right Hon. T. B. Macaulay. The council sat one hour and a half. Prince Castelcicala, the Neapolitan Minister, and the Chesali,r Bunsen, Prus.ian min.ster, transacted business yesterday at the Foreign-office. • I)E.tiff OP PRINCV. GRANDIIOTHER.--i The Court has been thrown into the deepest inflaming by the account received yeas-easy, by spccial mess( nger, Boron Hrandenstein, of the sudden demise of the Dowager DoLhess of S to Gotha and Altenbo, rg, the maternal grand mother of His Itoyal Highness Prince Al.b.rt.—ller royal highness was sister of tho late Elector of Hess and grand child of the sister of George 11. She died at Gotha on the 4 221 id Mat ' in her 77th year, lamented and revered by all who knew her. The life of thi- estimable lady was devoted to acts of charity, and she has died leaving the whole of her property to the poor of the town of Gotha. ABANDONMENT OF THE PROPOSED ADDITION TO THE INCOME TAX. It will be seen by our parliamentary report that the Chancellor of the Exchequer made last evening the gratifying announcement that the government had deter mined to ahautlon the propos.d addition of two per cent. to the property and income tan. The strong opposition to the measure expressed out of doors has, it wound r em, the ministry to yield. This repugnar.eo to the projected ase was exhibited yesterday more strongly a td more widely .hrou.ihout the country than ever. In the, City of Loudon mettle of the livery took place in Oui!dhall, at which the Lord Mayor presided. Several resolivions expressing the utmost condemnation of the increased tax were passed. In every other part of the =trap Ai+ parish and ,ntriet meet ings were also held with a similar result—in every ease arrived at with perfect unaninnty. Our pro: iociit cor ns!. indents have also rent us reports of anti-incometax meetings held yesterday in various parts cf the country. The Wesaing announcement, however, of the Chancellor of the Exchequer supersedes the necessity of our doing more the merely waffling the fret in general terms of their having leen held. MERCHANT SEAMEN'S 4/EFII3T4 ASVT.UIL Yea terd.sy a general meeting of the donors and subscribers to this tharitv was held in the London Teem, Cep•. Nebo& in the chair. The report stated that there were eighty-five children in the asylum; that the late Thomas Ward, Eeq qoeuth. d 5001. ; that the receipts fleun d 2,8141. ; and taw the expenditure left a balance of n 371. The report was adopted ; and four girls and tour hoes were, by election, placid upon the books of the insulation. NIERCIIANT Sr ,MEN'S SOClETY.—YesteTeey, tbs annual elecioa of inmates into the asylum connected with this society took place, at the Loudon Tavern, lesbopseate street ; Capt. Nelson, R.N., presiding. From a statement of the society's accounts it appeared that the total reseepts of the Jut year le aving ,91 16e., and the expeuelitare 24,7671. oe. old ., a balance to 1848 in favour of the society of S'2ll. Ifs. Id. Amongst the receipt: were:—Duty tram London vessels, 13,3821. 13s. 7d. ; du'y from outp erts vessels of ports under the management of the corporation. 8,3671 2: id.; Coneolielated Three per Cent. Beath Annuities, for 3 0 1 101. sold at 884 per cent., 2,6551. ; o.d South Sea A l e:nee., far 1,0001. sold at 824 per cent., 8251. Amongst the items of expenditure were :—Paid to London pensioners, 13,9641. 2e. od.; paid to outports pensioners, 5,6741.; tem enterer nllef , &c., 2,2001.; Seamen's Respite! Soceey, 5551,:31. 43. Four additional inmates of the asylum were ceded, and the usual routine business hi ving been disposed et, the meeting separated. NORFOLK EsTUARY COMPANY. —A half-yearly meeting of proprietors was held en Saturday at the London Tavern. Mr. Steward presided. The directors' report stated that they did not think it necessary to recommend any call upon the proprietors at prevent. They still recom mended that no steps should be taken for the purchase of hod, or making the cut before the nest half-yearly meeting, unless &suctioned by a majority of the shareholders precept, a - an extraordinary meeting to be convened in the mean time pursuant to the comeany'it act will full notice of the u juct. The peciunts showed that, inclusive id* a previous balance, 4,9291.0, 81. had been received, out of which a present balance remained of 021. Bs. loci. Tee report was adopted, and was followed by the re-election of directors and auditor, retiring by rotation. SUFFERINGS OF EMIGRANTS.--Sir,—Your remarks on the proposed new law relative to emigrant ships seising to America deserve every commendation. If the govern ment are sincere in their desire to diminish the sufferiege, during the voyage, of the poor who seek a new home in America, they will take the only step likely to Effect that purpose, by ordering every 'hip to carry a turpeun. Emf grar.t ships to other countries are compelled to carry a .nedical man, but a special exception was mode in favocr of the American shippers, although ten times more passengers go by their ships than by any other,. The owners pretend shot surgeons are not to be had. They know much better. They know that surgeonmare almost 11.1 plcn'y as stewards, and it is not the ant they are afraid ue Ihe real see ret of their opposition is that, if surgeons were appointed to emi grant chips sailing to America, the owners would not be allowed to cram their unfortunate paesergers bet seen decks, without ventilation, without sufficient room fur e.learitinew, or provision far decency, as at present. Lest year the vessels were more like slavers than ships for the carriage of free emigrants. The accommodation for convicts is priucely as compared with that afforded to the honest poor who bet year crossed the Atlantic. The result is well known. The course of the floating pest-houses was marked armee the Atlantic by the dead bodies cast overboard they by day, as they sailed from Liverpool to Canada. Those who rived through this " middle mange" were sent whore to fill the hospitals of Quebec and Montreal, to spread thecae in those cities, and to be a burden on the pockets of their iuhabitanta. Surgeons in tie ships would have preteetd ageinet a dan gerous over-emwding, would have resisted upon ventilation, would have insisted upon wholaeme water and bread, and would, by proper medicines, have checked in its °obit ak the dangerous fever that destroyed sa many lives. But a sur geon by so doing would, by lessening to a safe point the number of passengers, diminish the profit. of the Shipowner; and hence the objection to any officer of the kind. The plea that surgeons could not be bad is unfounded. Any intiliesl agent could tell them that the average pay of a qua lified medical assistant is about 40 7 . a year and his board and lodging, or about 701. and provide himself with house and feed. The poor-law commissioners get surgeons for OW. a year to attend the poor of several pare hes fiteding medeises to hoot; and not a he spital or medical school to Eneland, Ireland, or Scotland but has numbers of young surgeons idle for lack even of such poor engagements as those just named. If the ministers would in their pr .posed new law substitute the word "surgeon" for "superintendent" there would be plenty of applicants for the appointment, quite willing to perform the duties of the past ter the proposed rewind of 201. a voyage and a shilling a head for all pawner, r, leaded in health. Let them make the experiment and you will not have again to report so dreadful a story of uitease, misery, end death as that which marks the f ntory of last year's emigration to our North American colonies.—H. THE "TIMES" AND TILE 4 ' CILOBE."—We have, during the last week, notched with curiosity and interest the prom. ding, of our high-priced contemporaries, and, even with all our past experience, have been startled and astonished at the shamele's manner in welch they have “eonverd " from us without once mentioning the name of the Daily News or Express. They would net have dared to pursue such a course towards one of the birth-priced Journals, for every other would ha, e denounced the mee.mete; and do they believe. because they combined to exclude us from all conjoint operations, and to crush us if possible, by compelling us to hear the uneivided expense of expresses, that they are therefore at liberty to combine to rob us ? The Times and the Globe ',ate given Vagrant ex amples of this. The Globe is a peer piteul provider in this and most other matters. Al we have stated twenty limes, whenever a peragraph in the Timer is quoted from the Glolre, the reader may be reasonably cernin it was take n by the latter, without ack..ote !edam, at, front the Daily News. But P. , no is a limit to all thi. gs, and, atneugst othere, to our patience. Here is the history in tittle of somo twenty hips of news published mud placarded in the Globe. As we mentioned yeso rday morning, the post-office in Paris was closed on the first outbreak of the revolution; the railways, too, sosereeled operations; and our cern speodent, consider mg the importance of the newr, resulted to scud his despatches by a riding courier. But ow Thursday even cons iers were not allowed to leave Paris, and our's was cone peiled to pev the beater disguised ewpayaan, aid cr. e ventured to mount a horse when sa:ne eietonce kola t: city. Thence be rode at tamest speed to Boulogne. A. Ste: t 1 it sterday morning, the weather there was fearful, and even the ste:em'.oets did not dare to leave the harbour. Our ag nt at Beelogue, however, found a pilot who ua.dertook •u carry the despatches across to Foikestoce. In this the man failed, but succeeded in landing at Deal, aid ferthwith, according to instructions, transmitted by electric telegraph the important news which appeared in our second Edition on Saturday. This despaoh. procured at such cot and risk, the Globe copied without one word of acknow• lEdgment ! It was formally set forth that it had been re ceived by electric telegraph, leaving the teileic to ,nfer that it had been so transmitted to the oldie. 'lb thing waadorie ece boidy that we ourselves thought it p., that a duple. cate copy might in error and by ..ceident, have been sent to the Globe edict. The reply, however , from the mem- .~