The Express. — London, England, 1852-10-27 00:00:00

Elit erpres‘ss. & asestoll Mils& .f' The Maslow." iisielakee or Ere moires . Guelie." Is pablirbmi eery Tunis, mil hilly .18M. is Writ be pm& Siva ttemsmololosied hr" MI lap•-•,'Larlis awning peps'. lime b• aUr offir. I. isavoriwiress. by Teo .'.l .k wa the Oil se pelikistlas. • RION WATER AT LONDON BRIMS. Is Dat—alunist. 11. 43 u..—......110in55a, I. Mr. T0m.....,.-iiStliall. lb. Ilis.--... 2b. Ma. LONDON. WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 27. Maros Belie/moan—the hero of the Derby bribery case, and author of the Essex election harangues— ( x. whipper- in, and present SECAKTARY-AT-WAR, is— it is whispered—to go to Jamaica as Oovernor•Gene ml. This will relieve the Derbyites of ono most troublesome colleague in London, and give them in the West Indies a most reckless partisan. Will it not do more? Does this appointment foreshadow any contemplated ministerial markeuvre for cheating as oat of our cheap sugar? While the slightest uncertainty exists about the fate of the Sugar Duties, it is the business of every man who talks about Free Trade or Protection to learn the facts of the case of the West Indies, and to communicate to his neighbours such facts as lie may obtain. 'Mere is something truly surprising in the hequent neglect of this task during all the years teat the controversy about the Sugar Duties has bee* going on. In the midst of the vehemence of the West India interest about the ruin of Jamaica from the paucity and dearness of labour, and the assertions of not a few economists about the obliga tion incumbent on us "to except the West India from the category of Free Trade;" amidst the confident but vague declarations of thorough going Free-Traders that in the very nature of things free labour must answer better than slave labour, and the retort' of imaginative writers and speakers about the indolence and low animalism of the negro nature—el " the pumpkin-eating, two-legged cattle" who ere our fellow-subjects in our sunniest provinces —how mane of us could tell, if asked, what the supply of labour is in any of our West India colo nies, and how it is paid ? By all means let us know something more of this before we get up, in Parlia ment or out of it, to argue, on any fade, on the ground of the paucity and dearness of labour in Jamaica and the other colonies. In the dims of slavery a negro man weeded sixty square feet in a whole day. A negro labourer i now weeds eighty square feet ; and he often does t in six hours. Perhaps, if he were paid so as to make it worth his while, he would weed a hundred feet. How is he paid ? What are the money wages in these colonies which are suffering so (carnally from the dearness of labour ? In Jamaica, where every planter you meet tells you that the dearness of labour is driving him to bank ruptcy, the wages of able-bodied cultivators range from tki. to la. a day. Boys and women have much leas. We are clamorously desired to restore the old Sugar Duties, because the Jamaica planters are ruined by Laving to pay their best labourers from 4s. 6d. to rim. per week. If this was known to the Donetshire farmers, what would not they claim—compelled as they were to pay more than this to their labourers in the best and the wont of times? What will our midland and northern farmers my to this—paying, as they now do, from 10s. to 15s. per week to their labourers? " But," it may be asked, "is not the food given on the ground ?" No, it is not. The labourers board themselves. "Bat," again, "provi. 'ions may be so cheap as to make these wages really high." Judge for yourself about that. Flour oasts from 725. to els. per barreL Butter is Is. 7d. per lb. Eggif are from I Id. to 2jd. each. Ham is ls. per Lb. In remote districts prices are higher than this. The flour—almost the whole of it—is imported from the United States, where the wages of labour are sheet four times these of Jamaica. How can the female Moser live but by reserving some of his lbws ler his own w? He must he that— he mast work over kties—or steel, for be (moot live eel beep his bemsheil es live or six billings a week. Asa biro se the pintas protest sad ressesteatieg--ezensp ell their side in solen t prejudises about Nee nave mature— going to the world's eel he Meurer, whim they think they can have dug sheep—trying gyres ticeship first, and Coshes mast. and invitations to Germany, Africa, eel the baited Staten after wards, and never trying the sigh experiment whe ther there really is any bliss, of loser st all— trying it by the only available sethed.et oirleg la bour its due reward. They complahlthet deirlabsumrs go away often—and eapseislly whoa meet wanted— to cultivate their owe pleb of growedl. To be sure they do ; for without their own nob of grimed their infants could es be M. If the Lamella ma nufacturer paid his spleen and menus may Ave Of six shillings awoe. eel only at weds seem in the year, tuning them off elms set should we Mane any cos hat. the angloyer v ite mom west and some as it suited thewo sad got their sublisesse sheethee if they could? Thee is notloggedi n sgro in such a nestle. English men do the some dung ; sad, if they saw ee imported to ell their new, we would most them to vsedur lu we, sess, toiled a bettor selmilebese elsu - they tumid. The Brush agrioulturist. essibeierer, or beim man, to when it is legeetast to be able to rely as • senstent sopply of Meer. pays wages all the nee med. arid sash wages ea the labourer an sabeist en. The Junkie planter must do the muse before he has say rind t. complain of being left in the larch ix want of If he pays low wages. the labourers will ge: T a o :r u sz at the earliest possible inemest to their own If he tares this off what he as do without them, hewill sot be able to whistle thew back at sop time ; for their crops ripen at the semo doe as his, and me more pnetable to Ass. We speak et Jamaica, became the loaded asenainis are heard from Abase,: bat there is not a mit better story to tell of ether colonise eels it be British Oakes, where wages ease *es 18$. per day for a tint-Haas Sold MA Is Shia wog time. Is Astir* and St. Ws the Magnin nay N. wasp; in Bar bados 71d., met is amp dais, when they an 10d. In Moat Bernd and It we are anwel, the pay is not more than Id. at and the labourers have often to wait Wei he one that poor pay. We will sit eater es the horrors of the Coolie immigration, or any ether imsdpation. The mere fact that the 46,500 ismignabo bresglit into Owlet aloe. were almost all shes, leeseunt to telL The vice and misery, the wad and physical thus introdusod. are uses et s glum. To tr1 .11 :1 9 the isirewdssi it wee heed assessary to add that of hos .111 pisses, swam, sad a Yid JAM The wavy weld have bees lifter spent in Biel, good wages to the native Isboursvu They ireuli have does the week hotter, site all; foe the issei crane were hoed to have SO strength of limb car heart. 'they were virtually slaves, without having been " to the manner born ;" so they worked like skies, while they sinned like convicts, and pined like captives. While the colony is burdened with a heavy debt, the planters have been praying for a kind of labour which would be dear at any nominal cheapness. In one colony, Guiana, we see that a heavy tax is laid on the importation of popular articles of food. This drives the labourers to the tillage of their own ground plots rather than the estates of the planters. In another colony, Dominica, there are heavy duties on the exportation of those articles of food whkh are raised by the negroes on their own grounds. In the tint case, the money extorted from the labourers by the tax is spent in introducing foreigners to lower the wages of the natives ; and, in the second, the negroes learn to consider government, both home and colonial, as their direct enemy, and they " keep themselves to themselves," confine themselves more and more to their own resoutoes, and avoid the planters. Nowhere, amidst such management us this, do we see anything like fair experiment as to the value of free labour in the West ladies. Its develop ment has been obstructed by tampering with wsges, by hostile taxation, by every restriction that selfish ness could dictate, sad . especially by such impedi ments to the ale of land, sad such insecurity in the leasing of it, as have made the labourer the rival and the enemy of the employer, when he was intended to be only • victim, or, at best, a tool. And matters are not mending as regards the connexion of employer and labourer. THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY Ey,laiNG, OCTOBER 27, 1 The first use the people . erect schools and chapels. either= and the grants r meets for educational doe proposed when 'de It is nearly four years . in St. Kitts was withdrawn. there is no such hierarchy countries of Europe, educe class intervening between f the labourer is to be 0 iga t orant alienation ' society will be in a duties will retrieve. mos sense and feeling question which is sees and on which ear maws of declaration of aphelia. If we are asked, this -- - - violate the P rinciples of Vase ;e, testa in rte, or d to sugar, let distinct answers he required to Vireos three questions. We must ask how ww..11 of the lasso. brance of the planters existed beim, th e Lion of the negroes? Evert mews. ee =2:l existing before 1834 met iso rig eel of th e gre=bes entirely. We most liras eat how kw the wimeneeee et ballot have how new% in the adeptina et ma. abliwayosi other meths& of seders seeawny P Ws awl meet the...plaint adornment of Mow by liguiry into the man taken to deed" the waist mows et main Male If dl these mom gepossallii al N pesiestion have hew IdaM Wad Mk" asd haw% tk. recur rise of Ow Al Sager Duties asset bobby prosperity on ea agent, a eoneern. If all these means have not bees used, we seam* surrender war Free Trade principles till they have bees fully triad. The question of the Sugar Duties mast stand over till the planters can show us that, paying wages ea we do, they cannot, like as, obtain a due warn. NQTWITIISTANDIXG the strong expressions of pub lic opinion against such combinations, proposal• for great railway amalgamations go on, as if there were no interests is the matter worth consideration but those of the particular companies concerned. On the 2nd of November three important northern com panies—the York and North Midland, the York, Newcastle, and Berwick, and the Leeds and Northern —meet to consider the terms on which their direc tories propose to unite; and next day the London and North Western s ad the Midland proprietaries assemble to resolve (if they follow the advice given them by their Boards) on effecting—what the motion to be proposed modestly calls—" a permanent union of interests." In the one case, the amalgamation of capital and loan stock will involve some twenty four millions, and 644 miles of locomotion ; and in the other, no less a sum than nearly 60 millions sterling, and more than 1,000 miles. It is not a light matter, therefore, that is in hand, but one affecting the public interest and convenience and economy quite as much, though not quite as immediately, as it dots these of shareholders ; and though on former occa sions the public and its concerns have been a good deal overlooked in legislation on these subjects, it will be the public's own fault if they are similarly treated now that a new opportunity serves. The general welfare in this question of railways is not, however, concerned in low rates of profits and poor dividends. Oa the contrary, setting amide the public in its capacity of railway proprietaries, and regarding it only in the light of railway travellers and customers, the public will, the chances are, be much better provided for when rail way profits shall increase, and dividends be more sub istantial, than they now are. The public has, conse quently, far more real and permanent interest in the prosperity than in the adversity of railway com panies; and to legitimate and reasonable plans for restoring prospenty it ought to give every 'neon 'Neatest. No doubt these proposed amalgamations aim at the restoration of such prosperity; bat the objections to them are two : first, that the amalgama tions are an alternative resorted to because of the unreasonable and absurd competition into which it has pleased railway boards and officials to fall--and which it must be far better to correct ; and second, that their tendency is to deprive the public of such competition as the legislature intended should exist for the public benefit. Take the case of this Northern Amalgamation. The Leeds and Northern Railway is clearly and ob [ timely& line which Parliament intended should—and 1 which in point of fact did—compete with the York, Newcastle, and Berwick. Had the oiliest people of these two linos cooducted their rivalry on sound principisa,the country through which they ran would have tees permanently benefited, and the two companies would, in all probability, have been fairly reaunneratir. But, instead of reasonable ;m 4T o r ;:igtitio st n oc 4n puomormatyation of i t face: : eismsEsers ef earetrgoe, civility Of alkalises, led misty of Isemeasdes—inatesi tad eS toppal& la this paw demeiptisa ef rivalry. eisi la Mena their raise Ott }slab width hardly &hay grease Is the wbssis of their smile, and 'Muse& And, hems wither peaty wadi first give off, pal one to terms as to he.. and rates, they NM islennins that this sort et tubs= rivalry le masaddebie except by pressed to "oast a permanent un a ar als' intmanta." Now, this met of rivalry is a maws abase of power by the mash& who west railwege; en naresemahle, am& discreditable, imedgestee in t i te eei =s sad pepaliese ; carried ea. Mt at the expose, ant sow to be roma& at the patine seat. A test el geed suaegessat of way railway la these lathes the amity ef ler relations with competlag lime Where all wriegling aid disputes, esaisilme ad mehemini sad platuder 11/1111 Issels, there orty le a pest seal (pacing fir Imo mad* d Simms, la the it nage» eeasemeed bat there is yory little good Gaud aistratioe. And the past preeNe4 truth oar railway adadaietrators hare sat yet vadised is the worth sad value of Nimpikkos emir etternal relations, sad of good faith mad leamar le their own bargains. It may be that the present generation of railway olllcials are too fir gone is the present system of management to be eared, but if so, then the time hes coos for proprietaries to consider whether the very bast thi!ig to be dm is not to make a clean sweep of the prin cipal offenders. It is obvious, on the very sorfsco of things, that railway amalgamations, as at present proposed, are mere devices by railway managers to enable them creditably to retreat from positions, dangerous to their constituencies, into which they have rushed ; to cover their past bad policy, and to save them selves the trouble of amending and reforming it on sound principles. And at whose cart is this to be done? Why, at that of the public, to be sure. The Leeds and Northern, and the York, Newcastle, and Berwick t ,r there is, of Doses., an end of all corn in faros, rates, speed, punctuality, shwellseee, civility, or safety—ia that district. And when these two united lines mirth of York are joined to the York and North Midland, then there will be a great and powerful northern confederscy, prepared to operate . adversoly to dm public interests on the lines competing he the southern trail. As* Noroustea, this mordent eaudgesetima—re premeathigli adliimmealselhis—mill meet theseathera amielparatisa of the Nardi Widen sod Ifillead, —representing 80 reolleas—why B endthank their tura est unite, and se everpewer deshey all for the trails Ileums Imam wed c i tt orrt i l t iey will perrimusli F bave tith e between Leeds and Newcastle-ow e T. If th proposed unalgasratioa be seastioned the there is se possible reuse, why szlianiest not next sessisa go further sad assign the whole tragic from Lead's to Liverpool, Mandiesdir, Leeds, the Yorkshire and Lancashire towns, Teak, Newcastle, tad Edinburgh, to one huge, cambrees, lambersome corporation :—all to avoid irrational rivalry and to save railway . managers the treads of finding out a system of civilised competition. Nay more; when oar Parliament has sanctioned this principle of railway amalgamation the difficulty will be to show cause why it should not be folly carried out, and all the railways of the kingdoms pissed under one con trol. And if the whole Isedesey of these schemes is obviously . to place the Mire railway property of the empire in the headset theixecative government; when either the sherehelders would have to bo con tent with smaller dividsellethaa they rasa sow get, or the public would hereto comsat to web up better dividends out of the general taxation of the country. In the proposed Amalgamation Bills there is • great public principle involved, and it must be de expense general nity : Is tip ling run, the interests d railway com panies sod the public must be identical; and the leading vise of the propositions now made is, that t=simmliversity and variety of interests. This, May rely upon it,—is not the way to right regrow pagartEand the sooner they teach their Dhestrea that must find out some other plan of men past mismanagement, the mom dividends be realised. Balmy must take the matter in their own basis, and sec that their officials do not ruin their prinity. We want railway competition — we must have no close monopoly of the iron high ways—but the sompetition we want is one of safety, punctuality, comfort, cleanliness of carriages and moderate fares. It is no wholesome competition that brings danger and often death to the railway pas senger, and ruin to the railway shareholder. vie made of theizt in meld and be mottled by the k tare on public lapel& They 'oss is petra ble ta rehd, • r ntii =do by the • P s Dal wpm , wt ., * ib t , . 1 1.4 ' ty "eat. bills. , The quistis. so i .. adversity came ulna the tie ,. . . . .. • S. . be maid ,by s Wag ears aineejegpSt let %tee of the moat embisal sea et ithdrawn.`74 ilaseastadee • : _ With railways, and waritlete ' 'enmity of Mai in id the rid of ' mast be prepared to net vlierenely r , e th m stiss is sad (se oa ark fashion far the salvation of their property mos the labourer) and threellanintisast their Alias. on be &pruned lute a @iodides et Whips* ealles easii btemehatied of the pest quo thi ken hle easerisee, Weis bee tics Weaved, milk* eheseheidens m aer m tb s egil l iseen in wades wlllik ae Idols( imps be la fi b. ltareltbline : brews is to the . There is a oak to ewes sew aaelamation they eue advieml MA !spina Orme w agia the WM& Yet this le the very...leeis whine Mum lesenmailethese hen • may Di ass be ease bane the leghletare, led 'diode ises tu ela t e ai m th e i r esiari g e e isiodosi , Wore ate irides reedy eons kind •kuldemes Iheteses. The public : became in drowsy Yi inks. boat time esimesetusieneit I:W.11601U an* of the " r Illifentatir." I t° those atie4. 4 ft. at the "Prra et th! Wm!' 631 . 1 " . ql FRANCE. PARIS, TUESDAY Emile°. A new crack regiment of " guides" is about to be famed immediately. The 13th regiment of Ches sman and the two squadreos of guides now attached to the staff will be broken up. Officers of those two corps will be provided with commissions as soon u possible, either in other cavalry regiments or in the new guides. But in the formation of the latter regiment, which is to consist entirely of picked men, applications from the cavalry officers of all corps will be taken into consideration. Officers of the lath chaaseurs who may be drafted into regiments where a new equipment may be no ossuary, will receive compensation, except in the cue of such officers being admitted at their own re quest into the guides. The new regiment will con sist of 6 squadrons, comprising : 63 officers, 1,140 troopers, 89 officers' horses, and 960 troop-horses. All the men will be selected from the different cavalry _egiments, and they must be of the height of cavalry of the line. The horses will also be of the largest clans. I hear it said (in confirmation of the account in the Constitutionwel) that the recall of Prince Calimaki is official, but that his successor has not been named. At the Bourse the Four-and-a-Half per Cents fell 36c., closing at 106.80. The Three per Cents. closed without change at 81.10. The Dieppe Railway rose 20f.; Havre ' 16; Northern, 13.75; Orleans, 10; Marseilles, 6.25; Bordeaux and Taste, St. Germain, and Strasburg, 6 each. SPAIN. We have received the Madrid journals of the 20th. The Clamor Publico states that the government in tends to defer the construction of the Northern Rail way until the lines from Madrid to Valencia, from Barcelona to Madrid, and from Alar to Santander, shall have been completed, from a fear that a mone tary crisis might be produced by the withdrawal of the capital necessary for the construction of so many limes at the same time. M. Sanchez Mendoza, who has obtained the concession for a line from Cadiz to Xeres, had returned from London, where he had been to give orders for the materiel necessary for the construction of the line. A Madrid letter of the 20th says:—" General Aupick, the French ambassador, sines his return from Bordeaux, baa loudly expressed the interest felt by the Prince President towards Spain, and his warm desire to strengthen as much as possible the bonds of friendship and good intelligence which now exist between the two nations and their govern , meats." ITALY. ROMAN STATES. The Argsbury Geestb sustains the following al- West the of Pope's allegation la W mint coseratery et the 27th alt, The Pegs brin dna the batten of his beset the vitimmt es dna, di gests* eying the aura mat=t is melt peels et - Inv*, bat deifies mon seaselstisa from the thought that a =gins sad cortsis spiritual hermit is promised band the Atlanta The ansh most, he says, ibermenly oppose the agitadsa loonfitig in the hones of the cabs& church in Frisco, Oirmesw, sad Bagiand. H. trusts that the impeadiegameetien if now believers in Piedmont will enataallg gedsool to th: r atif the true filth. The es aged tow land soma M sogisisi t heClity of as letter long diners* shekel 'endue in the Jai amines& the nivesptedist who has thread the ages slob's!, states am his sin knowledge, that set bpi after the menet immliory se the 27th nit., a menber of the perms. soar isagregaffies of cardinal dew ap *Ole, the contents of which, thee& on ender an official form, were is inds& he fala the agitation by exhortations oddment be the Irish 6orgy, to 'old to the times, however penises. A CATHOLIC VIEW OF THE MADIAI PROSECUTION. The Debate has the laming on the ear of the Medial, : " The remit declarations el the Prime Leis Na poleon in favour of liberty el eonseisses ere not so superfluous in the present asks of the we& as to some they may seem. In a Christian state, Assort at our own doors, we see two peaceable et:Wiens con damned to the galleys for having read the Bible in the vulgar tongue. The Roman church has lately spoken loudly in favour of liberty. It wu by invoking this principle that it lately swan plished the fireateat changes in the organ. I I ✓ation of its hierarchy in England, in spite of the efforts of the government and parliament, and the irritation of the majority of the nation. In the name of liberty of conscience it installed cardinals and catholic bkhops in a protestant country, and in face of a national church. All those who proclaim liberty of conscience, whether in France or England, were sincere, and had that in their hearts which is heard from their lips; they have now a fine opportunity of raising their voice in vindication of their prima ioma, plea say nothing of the truth of this or that but of the right of men to be catholic. or pretsatants. There is not a free conscience throughout the world that should not rise against the outrage perpetrated by the Corr Royale of Florence. A deputation of protestant, from France, England, Bwitserland. Holland, and Germany, is at this moment at Florence, to intercede in favour of Medial and his wife. We trust that their voice may be heard by the grandson of Leopold I.; but, in any ease, the friends of religious liberty, to whateve r re ligion they may belong, will second their prayer." Stu-rxrert.—Can any of your readers explain the origin of "the ein•eater," and give instances of that horrid practice still subsisting is parts of England or Wales, as I am soured it does ? It consists in the supposed transfer of the sins of a person recently dead to • man of reprobate character, who eats a piece of bread laid on the chest of the corpse, whereby he is believed to have released the dead man from the responsibility of his sins, and to have taken it on himself; he then receives half-a•mown for blase/vices, and is driven or panned from the house with execration. This practice was the subject of an interesting paper by Mr. Mungridge, of Sesame, at the last annual meeting of the Cambrian Archeological Amociation ; but its origin was sot satisfactorily traced. The scapegoat, and the men ace of criminals in the arena at Athens, dm, have been surgested.—Juinonk C. Symons. [The custom is gene• rally supposed to have been taken from the sca p egoat i n Leviticus lei., 21, 22. See a curious passage from the Lowdown MSS. concerning a sin•etter who lived in a cot. tap on the Rouse highway, in Herefordshire, quoted in Brand's " Antiqnities, vol. ii. , p. 247, edit. 1819.]—Front Nola our Querwo. „AIERICA • OF THE ATLANTIC. szatrutlC vacuum.) mom OV OWN COIRINiONDINT. LIVERPOOL, WIDNINDAT. The United. States' mail steam-ship Atlantic, West, oommisseirr, arrived in oar river at balf-pest eight this nsirening,with 116 passengers and 382,000 dole. neMe ea freight. The Atlantic left New York at noon on the 16th, tY Mad mails from the United States and America. • Nevada and the Illinois had arrived at New 31111 AIM California, with upwards of two millions r ad, bet without bringing any later intelligence Ilbst published in London on Monday lest. The Mail steam ship America, before reported as • into Halifax, had arrived out at Boston. Two great meetings had been held in New York is reference to Cubs; many violent speeches were Wt. One meeting wu held in Broadway, on the mod the other in Tammany Hall, on the 14th. the Atlantic left New York foreign exchange toss/ a good demand, at nearly the previous rates, sad mosey was rather easier. The cotton market was firm, with an upward ten loory. Aassaats firom Cincinnati, dated the 10th inst., annum, the completion of the vintage in that =Nearly one-third of the crop bad been dm h frost; still the yield for the muss* amen was intimated at nearly half a million bottles at fro elms, besides a considerable quantity of inferior wines. There are more than 1,300 acres of vinyard i pleated in the valley of the Ohio, the Rhine of Amer eke, and tho species of grape mostly cultivated is the Catawba, a well-flavoured, hardy kind, which' produce. a sparkling wine, said to to be not at all inferior to any champagne imported. The grape fields are chiefly the property of German families, end a great number of French and Swiss vine dressers derive profitable employment. The princi pal wino grower sent to Europe a few years ago for a skilful manufacturer of champagne, and now pro bers more than 100,000 bottles annually, and, greatly as the manufacture has increased, the supply esently keeps up with the demand. A late arrival from Utah (the Mormon) territory states that ” the crops through the valleys are heavy; rod health is prevailing; pesos and plenty every where abound ; yet times are clone for money, and ustabsadise is consequently dull. The emigrants pmaing in thicker and faster, and flour wu IFINtb 3 dek. per cwt." The St. Louis Mormon Com- Mr were within 60 miles of Salt Lake City, having bads =az i j a o m ur e n d ei, o : l i n ad jon bu ee t , one death, aged that of an A most horrible circumstance, in connexion with a recent accident on the Georgia State railroad, is reported in the last number of the Georgia Constitu tionalist One of the firemen was thrown by the collision between the locomotive and the tender, and held fast by the feet, with his head hanging down wards, and his feet dreadfully crushed. The poor fellow, in his agony, entreated some one to cut of his legs and release him from his torture. This was actually done, and he bled to death. Provisions were in fair demand ; prime mess pork, at 17.76 to 17.871; beef, 11.60 to 14 ; lard, 111 c. to 121 e. Thu* was a good demand for wheat, and priors were a shade higher. The iron market also was active, and still increas ing retes were paid. Naval stores in good request, at fully late rates. Freights in moderate demand, without change from previous prices. Exchange on Loudon, 1101 to 1101 ; Paris, 5.121 to 5.131; Amsterdam, 41 to 411; Harnburgli, 301 to 38; : Bremen, 79 to 791. THE CONFESSIONAL AND THE WHIP:I We find the following statement in the Nostream Patriots Savothies: " The vicar of Boege has lately accustomed him self to impose, as a penance on the females of his flock, the obligation of coming to his chambers, where, after their backs are stripped, they naive a flagella tion from the pastoral hand. There is no mistake about the fact, which has evoked a cry of indigna tion throughout the commune. Mae than thirty females are known to have submitted to this infliction; others have refused to en-' dure the degradation. The last attempt of the priest tailed. The vicar had in his chamber a female who was eneiwste, whom, under the pretext of penance, be was desirous of flogging, and was about to proceed by force to carry out hts purpose; bat the woman be' frightened, uttered loud cries which brought the ne hbours to her aid. We live under a tionetitur government, but if these things are done under the green tree, what will they do under the dry r LAMS' CHARITY SCHOOL. The half-lOarly mooting of the patron' sad solomilen M thls che werois‘ hell =y at the premiss of the lastitaties, Jmw, Jolla Moeftems, Esq., M.P., the tresmor at the institution, la the "heir. Lr eu tl i a; Maim of OM 'biblical to fill op mem*, Mt read the repeat, hem which it appeared that the fib 'im plement of ettOdna la the institution' we. ft, end the,. are that number in It sow, Melodize the throe Jost desist The see of the children, whet seM, b hem II to Atl you". They are odoesled Ilse years and b :=lll=glin de lte. a" The siotribstimis at thi last dinner, while Mk pieera 11111116 et haw, amoanted to 1,0001., Mommemaimos of with ths fah as, sow in • amisfemery simillies. The sepia wee edeptrol, sad the eel we belay Mimed liwilho °baboon, Thee. Denim. Weer gisillemem Dodo' the peoseshow wise has dee mem and mg a psalm. They preesseed • 'moan* doom beeliby, seldwiled Tide laidtatlia le Me of tka Witt amides is kiting bees astabilied MO years. Dr. Joiness, the pest , teak mit interest is it, and Mrs. Thralls woe sae the semne, end leek an active part in the saammgamotat. BILL 01 &Le OF • MOOlO.—T. B. Oldileld, Jim, M ZeimMedwike, has this week ibioleholl se with the semis* la dude of a mom it whisk ms irsbeeda • copy. The negro is widen was odd, it Abe piessimd. in 1772, only • hte yens beim Clingesee Mimed Amides isdepiediat et (hest Dritefo. The mid sips wig bum* le logiesd, ested essikeem. to the washer ismi Ms INA, wadi hie death. The reatlemem Masse teem is osmllessd is the yardarm wt. tatkooatly ew meted by —nip with the Oldisid honey, and ths7lll sale was eimmtibhomd easmest the haft reser& : " Know all ma them presena, that I, Mary Pell,widow of Samuel Pal, the eity el New Tea, dosemed, sad Mir Hester Pell, foe and it ososidereeks of the am of eighty Crmerest mom of dm prislose Hoo York, to me im ai d paid, at and beam the ineeding sod delivery of them pesseets, by Col. Wm. C—, the seesipt whereof I do himby aeksewledge, wad myself to o he &smith !oily sodded, oestested, MA paid itiil misemsd mod by lime pima do fay, &My, la skes- IMsly Mbirissssil.l. an whose owls Ills sell Mead Wen. esseedies, ainftibutors, and "miens, a imam ma sass. Twit. aged Mist thirty years, le bare and le hill the s eei d tser ma amid Tea, unto the said Wend Wm. C omkmMt, hie itsosotom !administer. ton, and mime he ever. I the odd Mary Pell, for myself, my helm. mocuton sad edoduhlushaes, de covesant and sures to sad with the aborommed Colimi Wm. C--, his eseenture,administratern, mud same, to venue and defend the sale of the above-mimed mem sum, lamed York, against all penman whatsoever. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my head and seal, this twenty.seventh day of August, enno. dom. ono thousand seven hundred and seventy-two.—MAST PILL, 14 her mark; Human PILL. Signed, «sled, and delivered In the presence of Henry Van bleak, Hoary W. Perry. New York, the 27th August, 1772.—Roarived of the within named Colonel Wm. C—, the within mentioned sum of eighty pounds, New York currenej, as a fell acknowledgment for the within named MVO MB York, SS witness our hands,—M•ay PILL, p 4 her mark; Humes PILL. Henry Vim Vieek; Henry W. Perry.—Leeds Memory. THE CASE OP THE MADIAIL—Letter of the 20th, received from Genoa. report the snivel Is that city en rouge to Florence of the Earls of Roden sod Coma and Captain Trotter, as a deputation from the Pestierrat Alliance, to intercede with the Grand Dukes( Teri my for the relates of Francisco and Rom Madiai, wbe hew bora esodemoM to a lengthened period of imprisemost. with hard islresr, for alleged " impiety" is Whim and temillog proteetant doctrines in there own Miss. The elsgeolsthm bad re. ceired several memorials, treandosed ken this emintry, for presentation to the Greed Dohs, hat it tone hared they would be compelled to withheld isms el them, as more likely to ohetruet than presets the old,* of their mission. Lord Rodeo, who was nessenputied by the Be.. R. Somer set Maxwell, wee obliged to premed to Ylootooto is his car riage, in consequence of every bed and Miellitese on board the Leghorn steamer having bees Ti,. fol lowing, NJ far SS has yet been sem le betel coati. nental delegates associated with the betel From Francs, Count Ageism. de °aspirin and M. de Hi mont; Holland, M. Elout de fiosterwereale ; Wurtemberg, M. von Pistorius • Prussia, Bothnia Hollweg; and Switzerland, Colmiel Tronehin. 24. 1. 4 5g r-7 . , 7 , I urt Vo . 1 1 1 6_ • WINDSOR, OCT. 26. Tbs folimring bsd the honour of dining with her Windy yesterday :—Tho Dubow of Kent, the Prince and Primers. or Mabeelobo Isuilenberil, the Prinecti Atickider sad Prizes Normoosia et Mohanlotto, and Sir Our. Coeur. TM Dabs of Terceira and Cunt Letradlo have boon 'seised, and troupes-tad to-day, on a visit to th• Queen. Visoceurt Hardtop is abo la dled, and will arrive at the Castle to-morrow. The Earl of Morton haa relieved Lord Byron or the Lord hsWaitief, and Captain the Hon. Martian Wait has sac coded Lioet.-Colosol the Hon. N. Hood u Groom-in- Wei Neile her Majesty. The ties of Dann hu anceeeded Visco u nt e m Cam shaft -irk Waiting, and the Hon. Flora Macdonald Ma Ribald the Mere. Matilda Paget as Maid of Honour in susehers es ibe Mr. Charles Eavrkins had an interview with Sir John Pakiagton yesterday at the Colonial.office. Lieut. Natal tkrocold, R.N., had 'also an interview with the Right lion. Secretary. The night Hon. F. Kennedy had an Interview with the Earl of Derby yesterday, at his official residence in Down iag-street. The Lord Chancellor has appointed Tuesday, the 2nd of November, at 11 o'clock in the day, on which he will re ales the Lord May r Elect, in order to signify her Ma jesty'e approbation of his lordship. The Lord Chancellor will also, on the same day (the first of Michaelmas Term), remise the Judger, Queen's Counsel, as. The reception will take place at the Lord Chancellor's residence in litlgrare-square. • 1 Despatches were received yesterday at the Coinage .o fil ce from the Governors of New Zealand and the Australian Colonies. Despatches were sent off lut evening from the Colonial atm (or the Governor or Gibeshat. A Cabinet Council was held at two o'clock yester day afternoon, at the Foreign-office. The ministers present were:—The Earl of Derby, the Lord Chan cellor, the Earl of Loosdale, the Marquis of Salis bury, Mr. Secretary Walpole, the Earl of Malmes bury, Sir John Pakingtoa, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Right Hon. J. W. lienleT, the Earl of Hardwicke, and Lord John Manners. The council sat two hours and a half. We think wo may state that the member for North Essex, who holds a high military appointment under the present government, will be selected for the im portant office of Governor of Jamaica—Globe. MORE ADMIRALTY BOTCHINO.-THE ROYAL ALBERT. It is now upwards of six months ago since it was decided, as we stated at the time, that the Itoyal Albert, 120 guns, building at Woolwich Dockyard, should be con verted into a screw steam-ship. When the alteration from her original design by Mr. Lang, master shipwright at this dockyard, as a sailing vessel only was decided upon, it was intended by the Lords of the Admiralty and Captain Sir Baldwin Walker, Surveyor of the Navy, that she sho u ld be merely fitted with auxiliary power, and that a pair of the engines in the government stores should be fitted in her. Mr. Lang did not at first relish the idea that a magnificent ship, as the Royal Albert must have proved, being at the time 700 tons linter than any vessel ever built for the royal navy, should be converted into a screw steamship, and that ship be fitted with old engines to serve as auxiliaries only, that proposition being made by the au• timings with a view to economy. After several consulta tions it was considered that it would be more advantageous and more worthy of the splendid vessel to have new engines, and Messrs. John Fenn and Son were desired to furnish designs of engines of 600-horse power and an estimate of their east, which was accordingly done, and it was all but finally decided that they should be put in the Royal Albert. A subsequent knowledge that the French government were giving their vessels of the first class engines of the best make and most improved principles, with nearly, if not full power, caused the Admiralty to hesitate in their decision as to the power of the engines for the Royal Albert, the space of the weasel in her present lines being unsuitable fur engines of anything like the power a chip of her magnitude would require to propel her, even at a moderate rate y speed, through the water. It was therefore ultimateit agreed upon that the matter should be referred to a com mittee, to report on the best means of making the Royal Albert as eMeient screw steamship. The committee have now concluded their labours, and their report has been ap proved by their lordships, as may be inferred from the fol lowing details. A number of workmen were yesterday morning placed at work on the Royal Albert, 120, to make her water tight up to some distance above the launch line of immersion, it being intended to have that fine vessel ready for launching early in the spring of 1833. When launched, the Royal Albert is to be taken into the east dock, next the saw mills, and will there be lengthened 3.S feet, which will give her a capacity of upwards of 4,000 tonnage, rendering her still the largest ship in the royal navy, end afford am.-le room for superior new engines of 1,000 horse power. The pro. sees of lengthening the vessel would have taken place where she is now building, but there is not room ender the slip for that purpose. The present board of Admiralty are aware of the neces sity of keeping pace with the exertions of the French, to improve their steam vessels, fitted with screw propellers, and in the late amtracts which have been entered into by the British government, it has been stipulated that the boiler shall be perfectly afar to work with a pressure of 20Ibs. to the square itch, the previous stipulation being 161 b. to the square inch, and it is now only desirable that all vessels intended to lie fitted with screw propellers should have engines of fall, instead of auxiliary power. bialStass IN Thou LlFE.—Yesterday morning was soles deed, at St. Martin'ain-the-rields, the nuptials of Mr. Orekasa, eldest son of the Right Honourable Sir lames Graham, But., of Netherby, arid the Lady Her odias [Myst Maar, eldest daughter of Lord Seymour, and greadAenester of the Duke of Somerset. The ceremony we setheseed by the Rev. William Graham, rector of Ar *wee. Onsearland, uncle of the bridegroom. The bride wm ilepliftitly attired in a robe of moire antique, with 1011111.114 mil veil of Brussels lace, and superb wreath of orange bieleems. The bride was attended to the altar by a train of is bridesmaids, vim., the Lady Ulriea Seynt Mean_ iiks Mks Helen Graham, Miss Sheridan, Mies MONIS the Lady Oweedoline Seynt Maur, and Me Men all similarly attired in white. The oe wee witless/el by a large party of rdatives and friends, the Dwain of Somerset, Sir dames and Lady Gramm Lord ad Lady Seymour, Lord end Lady Deihrie, Lord Archibald Seynt Maur, Kes. Mrs. Nevem and Mr. Brinaley Norton, Hon. Kr. sad Mrs. Deneembe, Mrs. primary Sheridan, Mir Cal lender, he. ate. The eters in tront of Lest Seymour's house, and them of St. Martin's Char& were revered with scarlet cub; and at the esseelurion of the ceremony, and when the Whitton aid bride left town, the bells rang forth a Jayvee peal. hesurailisteiy attar the cosimay, an elegant ajowser was gives by lagy Seysater , at the family resi dence, Wag-gerdsna. The *Omer wee of the moat ele gant and rachern-41 deeertpdes, end the brideseake, from Gunter's, was remarkable for its famital devices and testa te ontementatiest. The totdo's trousseau was very vim- di - d, mad olookbei of all do beautiful objects usuillj die played • Beike IsONcisms, Including rich spending gifts from %MBank= of Inverness, the Duke of Somerset, the Duchess of Ormstient, the Marchioness of Aylesbury, Sir James Grains, Lady Grahams, Lady Duffetin, dn. Their Broom the Duke and Duchess of Somerset will give a spkndid bongos and soiriii this evening, in honour of the auspicious mat. The happy pair have left town to spend the hossymielg at Lord Seymour's country seat, Bradley, Wiltshire. LOtuOY AN ENGLISH VESSEL.—LIVERPOOL, MON. DAY.—By the arrival of the brig Richard, from Pernam buco, we have received intelligence of the lees of the En chantress, Captain Bathland, of Yarmouth. on her passage from Pernambuco for Falmouth. Tho Enchantress struck on a sunken reef three days after leaving that part, and immediately went to pieces. The captain, two mates, one man, and a boy, were washed off the reef and drowned. The remainder of the crew, sir in number, succeeded in constructing a raft out of the bowsprit of the wrecked vessel and another which they found on the reef, by which means they reached a ...al uninhabited Maul same dietaries off, called Lass Mend, Where they re shaiod.r4ays, enduring the wont of privations, the :V had to subsist upon being the eggs of sea ili Tters seeming to be no hopes of their being taken off the Wand, they again put to sea on the raft, when they were fortunately llen in with by the Richard, and were taken on board, most of them in • dying state. Every attention was paid to them by Captain White, and they are now in • tolerably healthy state. SuooesTED IMPROVISSIKNTS IN LONDON.—It can- not, I think, be doubted that Gracechureh-etreet is far too narrow for its traffic, and that some day a widening must take place from London-bridge to the wider part of Bishops gatentreet, but I question it this will come first. And I think if any one will look at a map of London he will soon be eonvineed that the most efficient and cheapest way will be the construction of a new street from the wide part of Fenchurch-street, east of Rood-lane, to Orseeehurch-street, about Telhot•eourt. This will be to the pans east of Lon don-bridge what the New King Willianvetreet is to the west, putting Whitechapel and the whole eastern districts in direct connexion with Thames-street, London-bridge, and the Borough and the new Cannon-street, and thus wth Blackfrian and " Bt. Paul's" bridges. The Immediate re lief that this street (with some occasional widening. in the eastern parts of Fenchureh-sneet) will effect in the west , end of Fenchurch-street will be obvious; it will draw off three-fourths of its heavy traffic ;it will a lso materially re lease Leadenhall-street, by drawing off all the traffic which at present passes along it to Blackfriars. No one, I think, can look at a map of London without being fully persuaded that some day this change must come.—Correspondent of Builder. TUE SYDNEY MAIL STEAM-PACKET.—One of the passengers bound for Port Philip, who went out in the Sydney mail packet which left Plymouth (or Australia on the 4th of August last, returned to England in the Bosphorus. He refused to proceed any farther than the Isle of Ascen sion, on account of the bad accommodation for passengers on board the Sydney steamer. FINE ARTS. NEW PORTRAITS OF_TIIE DUKE OF WELLINGTON. Mr. Grandy is now exhibiting, in his rooms in Want-street , a picture which was paint e d by Mr. r. J. Barker some time before the Duke's death, but letarest of which is now likely to be greatly embeesed. Mr. Grundy contemplated a companion (with a view to the issue of 'a tt uni engraving) to Delaroche's " Napoleon at Peatainbleau;" and the aim of the artist was to present, in addition to a perfect portrait, a picture Which would, like Delaroclae's, embody an idea ap. peeling to national sympathy and illustrate an his event. The work well accomplishes these objects. Mr. Barker as oided, with good sense and rod taste, the hackneyed associations of the Penin sula and Waterloo ; and, with an eye no doubt to catching the sympathies of the later generation which has known only „ the old Duke," he has selected an episode from the later life of the hero, sufficiently authenticated by familiar probabilities, and conveying a complicated interest arising out of the recent history of our own day. The Duke is depicted seated in his cabinet at Apsley•liouw, reading Lord Hardinge's despatches respecting the battles at Ferozepore in 1h45. It was the Duke's custom to have all important despatches brought to him at once, to Apley House ; and there is, there fore, nothing forced in the idea; and the art of the artist is shown in shading the dramatic by the do mestic part of the picture—a conception felicitous as regards the man and the nation of which he was the hero. The Duke is seared in his " Water:o o chair" (a piece of furniture made out of the renowned elm-tree near which he rested during the battle of Waterloo), before his desk, which is weighty with well-ordered letters and documents, and is poring—his glasses on—over the long de. *patch; and the attitude and act of the head de note eagerness and earnestness, solemnised by the absolute repose and silence of the chamber in which he has shut himself up. The sumptuary uccessuiies are carefully exact; the furniture is fac-similed ; and the accuracy of these pints is of obvious importance, since, supposing the picture acceptable us a pc,, trait, those who would desire it as a memorial would nut want the stereotyped pillar and curtains of ordinary artistic imagination. And as a portrait of " the old Duke" the picture is, we think, about the most suc cessful, though not itself absolutely saccessful, of the many attempts to fix the perplexing features to which oven the daguerreotype was unequal. Objection may be taken to the spectacles, inasmuch as they w ere seldom used by the Duke, and because few but the House of Lords and his secretaries were familiar with his face when de-heroicised by the hideous hut indispensable aid of glasses ; yet this advantage has at least been gained by the artist, that he has got over much of that difficulty—the eyes—which is sup. posed to have baffled the ambition of all the other painters of the Duke's portrait, from Lawrence dos n wards—a difficulty not encLuntend by the sculptors, whence, we suppose, the greater reliableness, as likenesses, of the busts, such as 'k. Noble's. The Duke never sat to Mr. Barker, which would appear to have been overcome; for Mr. Barker followed his " subject " about—to the Chapel 'Loyal, to the Royal Academy—last summer, and so got various " out of which he, with but little idealising, constructed the face now on his canvas. 'fho picture has been teen, and, it is said, warmly approved of by her Majesty and Prince Albert; and the anecdote, complimenting the pain ter; is told, that w hen the Prince of Wales, ignorant of where he was being taken, was brought into the room where the picture stood, he exclaimed, delightedly, " Oh, see the Luke." The great work is now about to be engraved. Several other portraits of the Doke hare recently been issued exhibiting various shades of merit. Amongst them is one published by APLean from a painting by Hutton, in which the veteran is shown an a mood of grave thoughtfulness. Another en graved by Ryall, from Claudct's daguerreotype, taken in 1844, affords one of the very best—as well as most favourable—of all the likenesses., The medallists have also been busy with the popular hero—Mr. Mitchell, of 13,3nd-street, offering a handsome medal in bronze; and Pigott and Co., of Birmingham, sup plying an inferior work in white metal for those who desire a cheap record of the aspect of the conqueror and the date of his chief victories. Mr. Walesby, of Waterloo-place, Pell-mall, is at present exhibiting a bronze statuette, the last eques trian statuette of the Duke by D'Orsay, which is likely, among the innumerable 'similar attempts, to attract a large share of attention.. As a work of art it is excellent; and there is enough of likeness to constitute it a desirable ornamental memorial for wealthy houses. The Duke saw the first specimen in bronze in May last, and declared with welcome candour that it was " very nice." . PROFESSOR COWPER. The following particulars relating to the late Prof. Cowper—who died on Sunday last—have bean cup plied to us by a correspondent who knew him well and valued Dim highly : The desth of Mr. Cowper is another and heavy item in the account of losses which the coautry has lately sus ' tained from the inroads of the grave. In the general eppli cation of science to the practical purposes of life few men stood higher than Prof. Cowper; but his most distinguished success was as an inventor and improver of machinery. For the printing machine, indeed, which has bad so powerful an effect in cheapening literature and the graphic art, and in placing them, with their ennobling influences, within reach of the masses of the population—Mr. Cowper accom plished that which Watt dad for the steam-engine .—and, u with that yet more eminent man, while few things were too great to daunt him with their difficulties, none were small enough to be deemed unworthy of his notice. That, almost everything which presented itself to his active and fertile mind was in some way improved. " Wth the possession of great stores of knowledge Mr. Cowper combined, in a remarkable degree, the power of communicating knowledge to others :—as must have been felt by all who were fortunate enough to attend his classes at King's College, or his more general lectures, or, indeed, who under any circumstances, and in whatever rank of Iffe, applied to him for mental aid, or had the pleasure of meeting him in :society. A friend of ours, himself of no moan 'standing either as a philosopher or a philanthropist, lately remarked, that he wee never in Mr. Cowper's corn palsy without being the better for it; and this gentleman doss not stand alone in the feeling. Mr. Cowper wee, indeed, ever bountiful with his knowledge,—and as eager in extending it to others as he was industrious in its ac quirement for himself. Not a few men of humble origin have been enabled by his sasiatanec to raise themselves into • sphere which they could not other% lie have reached,—Lut where they now dud en ap propriate field for their talent, and in turn albeit in the great work of dissemination. Even during the in tervals of his last illness Mr. Cowper was employed in pre paring, at the request of the principal of a college near Bombay, a series Cl models to enable the native inhabitants to improve their implements of husbandry and manufac ture—and some such work ot benevolence he had almost always on hand. One great cause of Prof. Cowper's success as a lecturer, was his adoption (whenever practicable) of the Penile:lion principle of exhibiting things themselves—instead of giving mere descriptions, or even drawings or models. Thus, in a lecture on the art of po•tery, he would have before his audience a potter, with his wheel, to go through the very process of which he was speaking a mode of proceeding which, aided by descriptions at once lively and perspicuous, gave unusual clearness to the ideas that he wished to im nart, and pleasure in their reception. "Leaving to others the easy task of finding differenc,e and flaws in conduct and in es ligious ',pinions ' Mr. Cow per'. delight was, to discover in men points of symplt:iy and accordance, and to bring into friendly co-operation on some subjects at least those who had hitherto been separate in all. In a word, his province was not to attack or to destroy—but to defend and invent. Measured by mere space of time, his life was not long; but computed by the work which he accomplished, few men have had a greater terns of existence than Protease! . Cowper. We rejoice to think that his life was as happy as it was beneficent:—and it is consolatory to add, tl.at its termination was collected, serene, and even cheerful. - Athensions. ALLEGED DEATH FROM HOWEOTATIIIC 'NEAT. MHlCT.—Yesterday Mr. Wakley held, at the Hope and Anchor, Gloucestt r-place, Bedford New Town, an inquest of five hours duration on the late Mrr. Morgan t Sedgwick, aged GO, whose death was attributed to homeopathic treat ment. The jury having viewed the body, Mr. Walley, previous to calling witnesses, addressing the jury, said that he held the inquest at the expressed wish of deceased's rela tives and friend•, and in consequence of the medical cite of death, which ran thus: " Marzaret &Agra& dad from inflamm ztion of the lungs, peritoneum. and the liter; and her death resulted from, I believe, the r.eglect of the homeopathic attendant and general nullity of treat:nett. Alexander Connell M'Clowelle." Mr. Willey, in COO tiouation, said that under these circumstances lie was com pelled to hold the inquest, but expressed a hope that the jury would be solely guided in their verdict by the maples, that would be adduced.—After hearing the evidence of the nune, housemaid, and husband of the deceased, and also that of the practitioner who attended her after the homeo pathists were dismined, the jury retired for half an hour, and then returned the following verdict, which the fore man read: "Deceased died from inflammation of the lungs, but we (the jury) are not competent enough to judge of the medical treatment."