The Express. — London, England, 1847-12-25 00:00:00

• nation r y to maintain the character for vigour which Lord John ltuasell gave him. The Evening Tort gives the following hat of places agreed to be homed, the act to be in force from and after dee • • igth December: The c ounty of Limeriek ; the county of Tipperary; kyesia the of &wrathy, Tulle, islands, Inchiquin, and to county Clare; the baronies of Olenahiry and rgthild, in the county Waterlord; the htronies of Clon.l c llocit, Eglish, and Garryeastle, in King's County ; the harocirsof Athlone, Ballintobber,Roscommon, Ballysioe, Boyle, sod the parishes of Cries., Kileoumey, Kilnemanah, s sa Kileols, in the barony of Frenehpark, county ROGCOIII- pod ; the barouire of Leitrim, Mobill, and Catrigallen, . m eaty Leitrim; the baronies of Clonmehon, Tullyhunes, and Upper Loughtee, county Cavan; and the baronies of • ;Langford, Oranard, and Ardaish, county Longford. The principal effect of this measure will be, adds t h e s ze ning J'ast, to prevent persona in those districts rag arms without license after December 29. •‘vehare no doubt that in those districts where the 'on of arms indiscriminately, even in dwellings, coosidered dangerous to the public peace, the powers of the act for calling in arms will be made use of—and then no person will be allowed to have arms, even in his dwelling-house without a license. We understand the stipendiary magistrates will be the parties empowered to give licenses. Another decided step has been taken to put down crime. Precepts have already issued to the high she tiffs of the counties of Limerick and Clare, and the county of the city of Limerick, for special commissions to be held in the ensuing month. Tuesday, the 4th o f J a nuary, is fixed for the county and city of Lime rick, and the 11th for Clare. 'f he chiefs Illackburne and Doherty will preside, and the crown will be re resented by the Attorney and Solicitor General. The number of prisoners on trial for the county of Limerick are 124, of whom the majority, per haps 100, will be tried. It has excited some surprise that the city should be subjected to such an extraor dinary tribunal when there are only three persons for trial. The cause is quite sufficient. The gaol deli very may extend to the city as well as the county, and there is no reason why the murderers of 'Mr. Hill should not be brought to as speedy a trial as any other felons. After a rapid despatch of business in Limerick and Clare the commissioners will travel towards the north and south ridings of Tipperary, and haring done good work there, cross the island, and settle on the plains of Roscommon. To remedy a great inconvenience in the detection of offenders a considerate journal suggests to the autho rities that well-appointed jaunting-cars, after the Illaneoni model, capable of carrying six constables, should be ready at every police station. A musquetoon from a neighbouring fledge, or over an high wall, would soon stay the progress of the curricle, and spill out the special messengers of justice. The Mayor of Limerick has received a communica tion from the Under-Secretary relative to the floating docks. Mr. ltedington states that the Lord-Lieutenant has obtained a report from the Board of Works, to the effect that a contract has been executed for the com pletion of the docks before September, 1849 ; but, in consequence of some re-measurements, the works have been delayed. They commence immediately. All Connaught is rushing towards the out-door relief. Thirteen hundred were added on one day to the list of the Ceetlebar union, and yet the multitude are ea numerous and clamorous as ever The Ranger supplies the following, which illustrates very forcibly one of the effects of the land revolution, through which the Irish peasant is now panning : We hear of persons, hitherto looked upon as good tenants, twine tendered possession to the managers of the Castlebsr estate, which tenders have been refused. We have it also upon undoubted authority, that several tenants upon the Breaffy twat., and the estates a r dlacent, have tendered their holdings to the proprietors, in o er to come under the relief test. We have likewise the authority of a Roman catholic clergyman for stating that in the electoral divisions of Balla and Drum 93 families had given up houses and lands, and made application at the poor house in this town, fur in or ant-door relief. This is an awful state of society—and yet those are facts applicable to every electoral division in the union of Castlelthr. ROYAL DtiBLINSOCIETY.--TRE EARL OF CLARENDON. At the distribution of the annual prizes to the successful pupils of the Drawing and Model Schools of the Society, the Earl of Clarendon, so president, having been expected to attend, • large concourse of the rank and talent of the metropolis filled the large saloon in which the meetings of the society are held. About eight o'clock his excellency, accompanitd by his suite and a number of mill tary officers, arrived. Having been led to the president's chair, the Vice-President addressed his excellency on the objects, progress, and success of the society, and contended with a well-merited compliment to the noble president.— The Hon. See, Mr. Foot, then read the list of sucesseful candidates—thirty in all—from four different schools of art : the landscape, tee figure, the architectural, and model schools.—The diatributiou of prizes having been concluded, Dr. Cooke Taylor read a paper en Artistic Education in rela tion to mechanical improvements and a knowledge of the principles of art in their application to various Intlila• factures. APer a few words from Sir W. Behan, expressive of the obligations of the society to the president for the kindness end interest he evinced in the prosperity of the society, the Earl of Clarendon roes and delivered an address which excited much admiration, and gave all who heard it an idea that the noble lord under stood the true principles of Irish progress. His excellency said—l can assure you that it has rarely fallen to my lot to perform a task more grateful than that of distributing these well-earned prizes, and inaugurating, as I may say, the fu ture career of these yeuaz men, whole talents and whose in dustry are an earnest of their futuresuccess, and whose works furnish abundant proof of the utility of having established public drawing schools in this country. Not only three works that have been exhibited here to-night, but others which may net have been thought of sufficient excellence to merit public reward, do honour to the school and to the system of teaching there, which was alluded to in the address of your secretary, and with which, when I inspected the school, I was particu larly struck. It did appear to me clear that the instructors and the pupils understood each other ; that the teacher knew how to impart what the pupils desire to learn, and that the result to both was successful and encouraging. The great number of pupils that have been attending this school affords abundant proof how useful it must have been to many—even in the humbler walks of life—connected with those different branches of art in which an accurate knowledge of drawing is indispensable ; and how greatly, also, it must have advanced the progress of art and the for mation of taste, both of which are inseparably connected with national progress and civilisation. The Dublin So ciety may well feel pride in an establishment which fur nishes at the same time painters and sculptors, whe enjoy a European reputation, and alto practical draughtsmen, whose services are valued and prised in every part of Eng land. This society, also, may well feel proud of bring the parent of all other similar establishments, and amongst others, those schools of design which are placed In different parts of the country, and which premium to create a new era In our manufacturing industry ; for we shall now compete amongst ourselves in the formation of beautiful designs in stead of incorrectly copying from others. We shall have no longer to beg and borrow, and sometimes worse perhaps, frost, France. We shall no longer wonder why the French an so successful in graceful form, in beauty of design, in combination of colours—all of which were sometime back a terse incognita to us—because we have discovered that these things do not come by intuition, but require to be taught, and that the Frenth, as the Irish now do, conde scend to learn them. A school upon the model of the Dublin school, although with objects more extensive ts view, was established in London ; provincial schools have been added, all of which are prospering ; and although the parent school mud feel proud of the success of her numerous offspring, yet, I moat say, she cannot but fee mortified at the neglect with which she hat been treated. Instead of the last, she ought to have been among the first, to be considered. Her native talent, although the know ledge of it might have been required to be developed in England, was here known, and rapidly progressing ; and • school of design, in my opinion, should long since have been established in Dublin. (Loud applause.) The schools of design are placed, as Dr. Cooke Taylor has told you, under the Board of Trade in England, of which I was last year president; and at the request of my right hon. friend Mr. Labouchere, I sent over here Mr. Poynder to make some preliminary inquiries on the subject. The able and Interesting report of that gentleman afforded a great deal of information on the state of art in this country ; and I hope I need not say that his recommendation was most strongly urged by me on the Chancellor of the Exchequer. (Applause.) The Chancellor of the Exchequer, with too much truth, ever pleaded "no effects"—(laughter)—and although the times, unfortunately, forbid me to hope that better success would now attend a renewed attempt on my part, yet I feel that happier days must be in store for =— that the clouds which have long hung over our national prosperity must peas away ; and then you may rely upon It that, whether officially connected with Ireland or not, no effort of mine shall be spared in order to procure for Ire land an extension of those privileges which England enjoys in this advantageous instruction in art, which I tun well assured her native talent and taste well know hew to turn I to good effect. (Applause.) Towards the furtherance of this object, and the development of the industry and re lenrcee of this country, the Dublin Society has exerted I itself in a manner which commands, as it deserves to do, the gratitude of the public; and I cannot here forbear, ea your secretary has Waded to these exhibitions at which I was cannot forbear to express the great iris faction which I derived from those exhibitions. The first exhibition was one of manufactures—the infinite variety,' the beauty, the Mate, and finish of which abundantly prove that there are here capabilities for perfectly accomplishing whatever is heartily undertaken. But amongst all the beau tiful objects which on that occasion were displayed, I would own there was one which more particularly arrested my at trition. It was one of a very simple and unpretending na ture, requiring no particular art or ingenuity in its produc tion—it was a woollen fabric, commonlylmown by the name Of tweeds, and the reason why that fabric particularly at tracted my attention was, beams I bad been told that it was largely exported from this country to Glasgow-ear, in other words, that it could compete with fabrics of the same kind in the very town whlch hitherto had the monopoly of the production and sale of that article—that is to say. this particular fabric mild be produced cheaper in Ireland than in Ileetisad, sad weld be sold there at the same price after the ewe of carriage. I thought this was and encouraging ; because (quality Wks) ili rra ff ir the real test of success, in mann .lllllllllllll Ma where article* made for general consumption 11111111104 00IIIISIS with thoseof the same kind in the common 'motet, thastenufaeture bad better be abandoned as un felditable. Much bas been said, and a groat deal of patriotic elequenee expended, in the endeavour to throw on England lie blame of having deprived Ireland of her manufactures, which I hold to be • most egregious folly ; because manufac tures w ill always, and naturallydeave those places where there is less facility, for those where there is greater facility for their production. Ever since the introduction of the steam engine, manufactures will be found to have prospered and flourished in thee, place* where coal and iron are in juxta- position. Wiltshire, Somersetshire, and Spitalfields, where the beautiful woollen and silk goods of England were once produced, but where now the manufacture of those articles has considerably declined, have just as much right to cora- Otin of Lancashire, as Ireland has to complain df England. The spinning -wheels have just as much grounds for remon strance against the introduction of the power-loom; and we might with as much season object to every scientific discovery, and every useful application of the bounties of nature. For some manufactures Ireland has a peculiar apti tude and facility—l allude more particularly to the linen manufacture, and in these, I am well assured, oho will always be able to maintain her superiority. But the real staple of Ireland, that from which she ought, and I am convinced she will, derive her wealth and prosperity, is her agricultural produce. (Applause.) This leads me to the consideration of the second exhibition, alluded to by the secretary. I have some little experience in these matters, and I do not hesitate to affirm that I never saw in England, and am quite convinced that England could not produce, such an exhibition. (Cheers ) Routs were exhi bited here two months ago, which evidenced more care, skill, and better husbandry ; and the increasing number of competitors, and the interest which the public takes in the subject, dr Insinuate that a stimulus his been given In the right direction, and that the agriculture of Ireland is ra pidly improving. And just allow me to tell you, that is the real mode of participating in the manurecturing prosperity of England. The exportations of cattle and corn from this country to England, we are all aware, have increased of late in a manner that is perfectly astounding ; and exactly in the same ratio they have simulated the manufactures of England by cheapening the provisions of our artisans. Provisions are as much a compeacnt part of manufactures as the cotton, silk, and wool, of which those manufactures are composed, or the wages of the workmen employed in their production, I held it folly to say that Ireland does not bear her part, and an important part, in the manufae, lures of England ; and she does so by other than indirect means. It is generally believed, that she has not the same resources—the same facilities—for sending her children to the manufacturing districts as England has; whereas it is a well ascertained fact, that Lancashire absorbs more of the surplus labour of Ireland than of the whole south and west of England put together ; and the manufactures in Lancashire afford a stimulus to the in dustry of the Irish agriculturist; for by consuming the produce exported from this country, as much benefit is conferred on Ireland as if the looms and spinning-wheels were at work in Kerry or Tyrone. (Cheers.) It is for these reasons, I think the Royal Dublin Society acts wisely and patriotically in promoting, as it does, the improvement of agriculture. I have really detained you much longer than I had intended. (Cheers). I will merely in einclu-ion address one word more of congratulation to the successful competi tors fur prizes this evening. You have overcome all those first difficulties from which many others tura away in dia gust and despair ; but it is upon your own exertions depends your future honourable distinction. In the position which now lies open before you, remember that we live in an age of enormous competition, where industry and perseverance alone can make their way, but where industry and perse verance will assuredly be crowned with success. fteneew her that this is one advantage, particularly the result of mechanical instruction—that in the description of the building of machines, of the various beauties of nature, and in the illustration of the ideas, a stroke of the pencil is infinitely more effective than a thousand written words. Remember also that many—l would almost say most of the beet mechanical improvements —have originated with arti sans,; and that fame and fortune have been the just reward of the practical knowledge so applied. Above all, I am sure that you will an remember with gratitude, that under this roof you have not wily acquired tho rudiment of art, but also habits of industry and application. Leisure will, I trust, never hang heavy on your hands, nor be employed to a bad purpose. Yea have already learned that, without exertion, success is not to be attained; and by using the same efforts in every direction, and at every part of your future lives—by using those same exertions which have this night met with their just reward, you will look forward to be not only pZrtalsers in wealth, but also good men and useful citizens, doing honour to the country of your birth. (His excellency resumed his seat amid protracted applause.) STATI or Tile COVNTRT.—What the Mayo paper of yes terday led us to look upon es a malicious assault, that of to-day I informs us has turned out a murder. A carman named Kennelly was set upon in Castlebar on Monday night by I some persons who appear to have laid in wait for him ; he was badly beaten, and on the next night died of his injuries. This murder seems to have been prompted by private malice, and ' had nothing agrarian, or of the character of those assassina- I tions which call for coercion. The townspeople very credit- ably pursued the assailants of poor Kennelly, captured two of them, and handed them over to the police. A notice from a natty who signs himself appropriately enough, " A deter mined murderer," was served a few days since on the ears taker of a gentleman residing near Clonmel, warning bins that if he continued in his charge be would be killed. A desperate attempt at assassination has been made in the King's county, near Shannon harbour. The object of the attack was Major Mae Lean, who was fired at on Sunday night last, about eight o'clock, as he was returning from the harbour to big own residence. He is fortunately uninjured. The King's County Chronicle, which notices this attempt, states that Major Mac Lean is en excellent man and gives a great deal of employment. He, some time since, removed or discharged a herd, and this person's successor was beaten the first night he appeared at his duty, A man named Meehan, who was 'aught stealing bay from • neighbour's, snapped a pistol—fortunately it did not ex. lode--at the owner for preventing him. A man named Costello, who was tried at the last Nenagh Assizes for • bar ' hereto murder, but with respect to whose guilt the jury could not agree, died in the gaol of that town a few nights since. It is said that distress of mind greatly contributed to this event. The servent man of Murphy, a farmer, mur dered on Thursday last by persons who attacked and robbed his house, has been arrested on suspicion of being concerned in the murder. The Limerick Chronicle states that Murphy was shot deliberately, and though he had not made resist ance, and the robber. were in pomessisn of the money. Toll Smarten.—The Wexford Independent states that a vessel, dismissed, her rigging trailing alongside, and com pletely on her beam-ends, was seen near Kslmore, on the coast of that county, on Monday. Some fithermen ap proached in their boats, but did not board her, she lay so deep in the water. There was not a gout on board, hut the crew is supposed to have escaped in the long-boat, u that was not on board. The name of the vessel is not mentioned, but it is added that she has since gone down in Ballytiegue Bay. Perhaps this vessel may have some association with the following tale of wreck related by the agent for Lloyd's at Bkibbereen, who writes from Skibbetamt, Dec. 20 : I have to Morn you that Cepteht MUM, Ilmea master of the skip Lad OlmilllMY Ws. tam Orate Ibr UMW Mum, mad le me kg irmanaerat. flevpserbleasille Mama cm et bit gm and • boy yeeted lo Wpm mi Mead dm to w tag elregmeameset—Oa IMlnelega a beam me gawk hes and Mho bar railer, Wm aMdi the dig Mom unneempeatie and smiestjm i ltr a sadale m erwz i t i maN e e . wad take to the ewe the alp. l a tie lava g am es in ad wtr the aea aile tasisd lain a maill tsd sad made a leek mid eme g bet eat Ssib *nub the wreck ht the fir* teak dm maited swap Ye imilesettmesd her mane. She etemeg 011.1. Pim ea Mideme OM I &aft It), with yellow sides eel pewee nem Thee Merle melt Mee this Merino made end Id Ihem le por ta; beam dr et I Mask p.m., tie em mei inn la Mid. ems warm mid mat Yr Met Mee; the tote elt Mete the rater min Memel; ea Mid me ma melded eeppett to pet We the bed. ltd.'s, h ; erd, ant •Mikamei de led made the atisiogi, dm aim made le meek Or mak the third thm During then fgat the Mk the AIM ado limet and her IBlts em me my Meashe Islam The imphia.ms mm, end boy, sweedied to the rsaamiibc nand IMM thembis ea It; two . MS vim" verimill an the tops melted Mee the male mit over, me ma diet-to ell four lot Oa the 17th the mmed.hoesee MOM leinerde Om Cheri they eme the Owe light time digkeek. and an de lM der beteg to hem ea doe rowedgmemoredial by riln GM woes, end tithes& Pei we detak, were mited le • Om Mt, and Mien la • very admitted state. Itemiser made two vrkli IM have proceeded to-day to Cork on thdr way lei lated. SCOTL AND. EDI/OH/ROE, Dac. 23. The Flax-growin;; Society of Scotland has now been formed in Aberdeen. The prospects of the so ciety may be estimated from the consideration that, of the 70,000 tons of flax annually imported into the country, 4,500 tons are landed at Aberdeen, the value being 180,0001. The freightage of flax along the east coast of Scotland amounts to 120,0001., which would give the home grown an advantage equiva lent to 21. an acre. It was recommended that only one-twentieth of each farm should at first be tried, and that competent parties should be procured from Ireland and Belgium to give instructions as to culti vation. The printed instructions of the Irish society should also be extensively circulated. Whilst thus assiduously prosecuting art, nature has been bountiful to the granite city, by landing on its beach, during the recent storm, a veritable whale. In length the monster was 48 feet, and in circumference 30, and its oily resources are estimated at 7 tuns ; but, instead of going to the "common good" of bon accord, as the Balm Yellowleye of this city anticipated, the Admiralty has claimed the carcass and all its contents, although it is possible that a favourable ear may be given to a petition that the skeleton be deposited in the College museum. During the time of the whale lying in state, the beach has been a fashionable pro menade ; " and," says the Journal, " the feelings of wonder excited in the minds of the juveniles will not soon be forgotten by them." THE 811111[77 97 EDINBURGH, Mr. Spain, liar been seised with typhus, ared is in a Critical state. THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY Ma. Liercisr.—We regret to learn, says the Edinburgh Courant, that a son of the late Mr. Liston, whom recent death has caused such galena regret, died on Friday, of an affection of the brain, at an educational eentinary in the neighbourhood of the city, where he was pursuing his studies. The deceased was a►out gunmen years of age. Excise Flat/01.—Three distillers in Fife have been convicted in large penalties for abetractisg malt from their premises without giving due intimation. PROVINCIAL. LANCASUIRE DISSENTERS' MARRIAOSS.—At a meeting of the Northern Union Clerks' and Superintendent Registrars' So ciety, recently held in Manchester, the following resolutions were agreed to, respecting the law of marriage in dissenting chapels : That the `secretary be rormeted to drew up a pM.I. dea;rt , praying for the following allerations in the Marilee Act via—'met =ethos my le solemnised at the et etka serdlofewsorldsans sew idertme sere, sr rills detegge is required ell emir b moreges in the reerbeldoellb trs the bee ps~i remota moires bi s Seisfas baba M the rapes el tlng way = b eet =at s belestrely lag annereptler In the northern dieter re or* be se quoia ireelitele each signatures through the esarwerma(the ss. vent t registrars, end take the neerowyslspekr ene warlagmrtirre:entation of such petition. The Manchester Guardian, in reference to Ibis sars lutist —Surprise has often been explored at the very small camber of marriages solemnised at dissenting chapels; a fact which may be easily accounted for by the very great annoy ances which the regulations respecting the notices often om casion. A license for a marriage at church may be obtained in two days, and in some places (though illegally) without any notice at all. If, however, the ceremony is to be per formed at a dissenting chapel, seven clear dare notice must be given ; and, if the parties reside in different districts, both must give notice to the superintendent registrar of that in which they respectively ave. Now, when we add that the superintendent registrar has the power—which some exercise —of compelling the personal attendance of the party applying, it is not a matter of wonder that ladies will sacrifice their wish to be married at • place of worship of their own denomination, in order to avoid the attendant annoyance of going to the registration office, for the purpose of making the required declaration. There is also another grievance , of no small magnitude. We w• exceedine surprised, the • day, to find that th ere is no Wesleyan ethodiatchspel, in Manchester, licensed for the solemnimtion of marriage.. Now, if two parties, Wesleyans,—• lady residing in this town, and a gentleman at Dover or Launceston, wished to be married here, in a chapel of their own denomination, permitted they would not be to go to • licensed chapel in Salford, unless (which is very unlikely), Dover or Launceston was also without a licensed methodist chapel. It may be urged that the Wesleyan' might have a chapel licensed; and this is a sufficient answer for the individual case; but it often happens that there is no licensed chapel in a poor-law union, because there is none to license, though there may be one within an easy distance, in a differeotdistrict. The partieshave, therefore, to choose between the inconvenience of solemnising the marriage at some other place than that desired, or of having it, contrary to their feelings, performed at church. If, moreover, by a little exercise of good feeling, it is pro posed to get over the difficulty, and the managers of some independent chapel offer the use of it to their methodist neighbour*, or if the parties, instead of going to church, pre fer resorting to a chapel of some other denomination, the law steps in and prohibits the arrangement. Now, to all these objections must be added, the difficulty of understand ing the law, and the constant danger of some mistake, which, discovered at the last moment, may prevent the so lemnisation of the marriage; and this, we can assure our readers, is no imaginary occurrence They may probably think our statement or the legal requirements sufficiently perplexing; but it is very &Duple, compared with the enactments themselves. We can see no reason—except a determination to maintain offensive distinctions between churchman and dissenter,—why the law as to the notice required should not be the same for all marriages, wherever solemnised. It would not appear to us at all unreasonable, in the case of dissenting marriages, to require seven days' notice to be given, by either party, to the superintendent-registrar in whose district the ceremony is to be solemnised ; for this is a provision much more likely to operate usefully in preventing clandestine marriages, than to prove an inconvenient restric tion in other cases; but, for • like reason, we would enforce similar notice in the case of marriagn at church. If the existing requirements are necessary, as securities against fraud, churchmen should equally enjoy the protection of them ; if they are unnecessary and useless, they cannot be kept up for any other purpose than that of harassing and annoying dissenters, and, consequently, ought to be at Ore abolished. PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS IN COAL MINES-- Last week a paper was reed on the above subject, by Kr. Spence, at the Manchester Mechanics' Institution. After a few preparatory observations in reference to the cala mitous results usually attendant on accidents in coal mines, Mr. Spence observed that many efforts had been made by those immediately connected with the working of collieries to lessen the danger of explosions. It was true also that with a regular system of ventilation, thoroughly carried into practice, and by the adoption of all known pro ' factions, the danger had been very much lessened, even in those pig where the evolution of inflsmmable gas was so Iranians es to make an explosion a possible occurrence at any moment. When such regulations were adopted, immu nity from accidents was a prominent feature in particular workings, but even the fact of that security being obtained was one of the elements of dancer; for any one con versant with the generality of working men must know that safety in the midst of danger tended to make them regardless of the rules they ought to observe. It was there fore essential that some method should be adopted which should exclude the prudence of the working man from amongst the means of 'minty. Mr. Spence then explained the cause of explosions in mines. The process of mining coals, he said, tended to set at liberty varying but abundant quantities of two gases. These gases, probable pent up pre viously within the strata, were set et liberty when the strata were broken up, sometimes silently and imperceptibly, and at others with considerable force and influence. These gases were termed the choke-damp and fire-damp. The choke-dargp was carbonic acid gas, unintimmable in itself, and destroying combustion wherever it came in contact with it. Being detrimental to human life, it was one of those things which rendered ventilation more requisite where it abounded. The lire-damp, which was a combination of hydrogen gas and carbon. and sometimes sub-carbooetted hydrogen, was the cause of the explosions. The con stituents of this gas were the same as those of the gas used for lighting the streets; in the gas artificially made, however, carbon was more abundant. In the gas from mince, hydrogen predominated, there being two parts hydrogen to one of carbon. Its specific gravity was 6.5., half the weight of atmospherical air. Hence it ascended, and the highest parts ef the mine were in consequence the most liable to explosions. The gas, however, was not explosive, per se, but only when mixed with certain proportions of common air, one part of the gas to ten parts of air being the most perfectly explosive compound. As in a great proportion of seal pits, the evolution of fire damps was oonstantly taking Awe, some means of getting rid of it were deemed abso lutely necessary. Ventilation was the most apparent, and had all along been the molt efficient, remedy • but as his itan involved no change in this respect , he shou l d not enter nto the details of the various modes of ventilation that had from time to time been adopted. Suffice it to say, that the danger of explosions still existed, for ventilation had not effected the object sought to be accomplished; nor was it probable that it ever could. Another means of averting the danger of explosions, some times tried, was by fighting the enemy with his own weapon, and setting fire to the gas. If this could be done with certainty and security, it might perhaps be efficient. For some time it was questioned whether the+ might not be attempted by some arrange ment of electric or galvanic currents, ramified through all the workings of the pit : the practicability, however, of this mode was very problematical, and the promise of suttees not very great. Another class of expedients adopted was that of separating and insulating the atmosphere of the pit from combustible contact with the source of light. The SSW eminent effort in this department, which stood out In relief from all others, was the splendid discovery of Sir Humphrey Davy. Mr. Sperm* thee explained the principle on which the Davy lamp was constructed, and showed that although it was a valuable discovery, it had not materially lessened the danger of explosions in mines. The principle which he (Mr. Sperce) aimed at, was the production of a perfect insulation of the source of light from the atmosphere of the pit. Re proposed that all coalpits should be fitted up with an apparatus for the production of noel-gas, consisting of main pipes and branch fittings peculiagly adapted to the circumstances of the case. The mode of fl ung up the piper would be by a system of flexible joints of velemthed esoutehouc between the lengths of the cast-iron pipe- three would serve the purpose of preventing breakage. Theis& pipes would be a main gaspipe from the gas holding dews the shaft to the bottom of the pit, branch mains from theme to the several underground working., and then breads ser vice pipes to the several lamps is be used. 'Another WWI of pipes would also be required far the conveyance of air from the atmosphere above ground. This would be by one main pipe down the shaft, with branch mains and orrice lipea frem them to each lamp. The burners of the lamps would be constructed on the principle of causing tU dr admitted from the air pipe, with which each lamp would be furnished, to be spread in a thin stratum errand the flame se r to effect its combustion, and afford • maximum supply tratefrom a limited supply of air. The lumps might be Oct with two gae cylinders the one rearagiag the other in case of breakage, these being aomedble to nose bat the superintendent. Another eerie* of pipes would elm be required to convey from the lamps the product of the com bustion to the atmosphere above ground. Then he would call waste pipes. Various other details were enumerated connected with the proposed plan, and Mr. Spence ex premed himself willing to give his gvices to any gentlemen who were disposed to try the experiment. A short tonne- Whin conned as to the practical working of the plan, in the Mina of which Mr. Spree was asked if he had calculated the expanse, to which ha replied in the negative. SERIOUS CHARGE AGAINST A LEITEB.-CAIRIER.— On Thursday, at the Borough Court, Manchester, • serious charge was brought before Mr. Maude by the postmaster against a letter-carrier, mimed George Clifford, and his son, of having opened and robbed two letters of saw of money they contained, and of having in his corrosion a great num ber of letters entrusted to him for delivery. The prisoner is the letter-carrier of the Oldham-road and bills Platting dis trict. He had been entrusted with the delivery of a money letter containing half • sovereign and a registered letter supposed to contain notes, on TuOday,_ and when asked by Mr. Thompson, a clerk in the poet-offtem, 1111 Willreasy owning, for the receipt which he shouldbave bang* bob, proving the delivery of the letter with oda, be sold is vs " all right," but he had left the receipt at bows is I dower. On Thursday rnorning when he got to the post-otibe, wee placed Is custody of One of the porters, whilst Xs. D he erffick, EVENING, DECEMBER 25, 1847. superintendent of police, accompanied by Inspectory May bury and Police-constable Monaghan, went to search his holm. In a table drawer the receipt or certificate for the money letter was found, not filled up, which showed that he had not delivered the letter ; and it was next discovered that the registered letter had never reached lie destination. He had given 69 letters, which were at his hones nuclei. vend, to his son, to return to the Poet-office, and the youth, on presenting himself at the Post-office, was taken into cus tody with these knave in his possession. Clifford effected his serape for a short time from the porter, but wee retaken. He and his son stand remanded, in order that communica tion may be made of the offence to the Pceuasster-General and to the solicitor to the Poet-office, who will have to pro ' aecute. It I. expected that other robberies were effected by him. v......x.warr nay FATAL PRIZE Flaar. Lindrick-common has added another and a fatal cue to the great number of those brutal pugilistic encounters which have rendered it SO 1 notorious throughout this and the neighbouring county of I Nottingham, The common is situate near Aneton, through I which place the Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway, now in I course of formation, passe/. The public.houses in the neighbourhood of the line are generally thronged during ' Sunday with the " navvies," and it was the meeting of 601110 I of these, at a beer-house kept by Joseph Johnson, which led to the fatal occurrence in question. It appears that, between ' 11 and 12 o'clock on Sunday morning, a quarryman, Wm, 1 Watson, along with two or three others, want to Johnson's I house, where they, along with some navvies, remained I drinking during the whole of the day. About four o'clock i in the afternoon a navvy named Thomas Kay joined the i party, and remained drinking with them in the kitchen. There were then ten or twelve men of the party. Watson and Kay had each a dog ; and, after the latter had been in the house about an hour and 'a half, a quarrel arose between him and Watson as to which of their dogs was best able ' to worry the other, and Watson proposed that they should fight them. The dogs were " set ' at each other, and ap- I peered nothing loth to indulge their masters' brutal taste. After some angry words, however, Kay refused to let his dog fight. Watson was determined not to be baulked of his object, and threw his dog upon Kay're but, by the intervention of the latter, they were prevented fighting together. Kay became enraged, and threatened, if Wet- son's dog bit hie, he would punch him on the head. Both parties wee iaatwiated, and after a tumult of some few minutes, they stripped to fight in the kitchen. William Johnson, of Brancliffe, farina, the son of the landlord of the house, interfered :to prevent them, and it was proposed that they should fight in the field. Kay went out, and wart followed by Watson into one of Johnson's fields. The I whole of their companions and the landlord's eon followed them, and remained watching them fight in the dark for WIC an hour. During the whole of the time, Kay appeared to receive the greatest degree of punishment, his body sad hied being dreadfully bruised, and a large gash cut over the left eye, from which the blood flowed rapidly. The night was too dark for those looking on to see whether each party had what is usually termed " fair play ;" but it would appear that towards the latter part of the fight Kay was most shockingly and iohumanly treated, injuries of a most dreadful character, and such as would at once disable him, being inflicted by kicks or violence of some kind upon the lower part of his body. These appear to have been inflicted by Watson at the conclusion of the last " round," when they both fell to the ground together. Watson was uppermost, and after struggling for a short time it was oberved that Kay loosened his hold, and became apparently senseless. Watson then got up, and walked into the house. Thom who had stood by and witnessed the affray did not appear to think Kay's helpless stete worthy of any attention from them, but, having had their brutal taste gra tified, contented themselves with leaving him, bleeding and insensible, on the ground, and followed Watson into the house. Here the fight became the subject of conversation, ant one of Kay's companions, mere humane than the rest, named Was, hichlellan, who, it appeared, sickened at the fight, left the field before it was over, on learning that Kay 'had bees left alone in the field, induced Samuel Swift, formerly of Norton Woodsetta, but now a labourer on the line, towith him to Kay's assistance. They found him insensible, and breathing very heavily. He was raised upon his feet, and finding he could not stand, they carried him into the house. He was at this time bleeding much from a severe wound over the left eye. He was laid upon the sink, and hie face washed by some of his companions. They then placed him in a chair by the aide of the fire, and allowed him to sit there for about an hour, without showing any symptoms of consciousness, and no steps were taken by either the landlord or any other person to wards procuring surgical assistance. But finding he showed ne symptoms of recovery, he was removed to bed about half-past eight o'clock, and there allowed to remain in a state of insensibility the whole of the night. The landlord's son was one of those who assisted to cam him to bed, and though he then tried to get the men to speak, but could not, yet neither he nor his father—except ones, and then a few minutes after they had put him to bed—gave themselves the trouble to see in what state he was. Two of his companions, named John Hewitt and William leil'ldellan, slept in the same room with him, and when they awoke during the night, they heard the man breathing, as before, ' very heavily. When they spoke to him, however, he made no answer. These men got up next morning, about eight o'clock, aid Hewitt shook Kay, but failed in waking him. About ten minutes after this, on some other parties going to the man's bed, they found him dead.—An inquest on view of the body was held on Tunday, when the above facts were ' deposed in evidence, and a verdict of manslaughter was re. turned against Witson.—Lindrick common is situated on the borders of Yorkshire and Nottinghamshire, and ' from the ease with which parties offending whist the laws can evade the vigilance of the authori ties in Yorkshire, by going into Nottinghamshire, or eke versa, the place is one chosen for prize-fights by parties coming from great distances. In the first four months of this year, noises than twenty of these brutal and demoralising occurrences took place, and they appeared so much on the increase, that scarcely a week came without one, and the evil at length reached such a height that a meeting of the magistrates and clergy of the district was held at Worksop in August last, on the subject, at which the Duke of Newt &elle presided. This meeting pledged itself to use its best exertions to cheek the evil, and a committee was ap pointed to carry out ita objects. The magistrates of Sheffield and other places aided their efforts by withholding the k etoses of the publichouses in the neighbourhood where the frtquenters of these fights usually called, until they gave a solemn undertaking to furnish the neighbouring magistrates with any information they could learn of any intended fight, or of any fights which were actually taking place. These, and other effective measures, have tended to prevent any fight since taking place on the common, until this affray on Sunday last. • TIOMIr, IaCISTO V THE MURDER NEAR 'ORTON had occupied the attention of a coroner's jury during three days of the past week. The Erprers has already reperted the cireum stances ender which the body of Mr. C. Copeman wail dis covered on Sunday morning last. A jury was summoned, and an inquest commenced on Sunday. After alone exami nation of witnesses the inquiry was adjourned till Monday, when further evidence was takes, and the inquiry was again adjourned till Wednesday last. The facts elicited are as fol lows. On Sunday morning, about nine o'clock, as John Whelpton, a labouring man, was proceeding to Kirton, along the bridle-road leading from Grayinghern, his atten tion was attracted by a slog sitting upon something in the ditch by the road-side, which after gazing atten. lively he discovered to be a human body with the face downwards, and the dog sitting upon the back; and had it not been for the growling of the dog as Wheipton approached, in all probability he would not have seen the body. Two other men came up almost directly ,• but none of them dare approach, as the dog snarled and barked over the remains of his murdered master, and it was feared he would bite. Whilst the Kirton constable was being fetched Whelpton commenced. looking for footmarks, and traced the deceased's footmark from Kirton to a par ticular spot in the middle of the road, and another footstep close to the cast side of the hedge coming from Kirton, to a certain point of the road where the deceased crossed oat of the road to the west side. The other footmarks followed his from one side of the road to the other, and about 100 yule further on there appeared marks as if a dog harl,been set as and bad struggled with a man ; and still farther in ward, close to the west side ditch, there appealed have been a very desperate struggle between the mar dered man and the murderer, end both appeared W have been in the hedge and ditch together. A &In tones from the body we discovered the deemed% peek*, and two hall-mynas, one shilling, and two mixpeema. There was no blood on the road or the ditch side. By the time that the Kirton constable arrived with a cart a crowd bad collected, and the dog had been frightened away. The body was then turned face upwards, andilsehetares of Mr. Cope. man were recognised. On the left .Ile el the hell was large incised wound extending from the h see to the Quest eight inches long, and laying open the Apgar vela a se. cond wound on the cheek three lashes keg, •Ibbil heal diately under the eye an inch acid a half Isom sad a fourth from above the eye to the mouth. A Tema en the right side of the face extended from the upper pal, and the nom and lips were cut, end the meal hem hey S& ; a 'mond wound from the inner cornet el the 11104 eye to the lower jaw, six inches in length • a third him the entre of the eye to the ether jaw ; and three more ea' the right side *the face, varying from one to four Leh* hag; also a deep gash from above the temple to the Offeat, sever ing the right ear. There were no braises on the body, and no blood on the breast, is that the wounds nut base been inflicted when the dumbed was down. The teesehes wen cut open and the cut out, and the wehdeeat wee ten qua. Oa tha i the itaimed we at the Gerrheseddia, " 116 Joe* Lash end three wr bar ether wow. and the deatesed ipearreped and wee chant but the dispute weaned, up : &mei rid and left about towerdet ia Ted Travis resmoteed imag r a lte 4 == Bike the derweed left this is*, he led sewed to wake a bet, awl read out four ot pe 114 plied th ia therm& et erne it pertke rtiVi_lort helm holed the home they were Memel to liea bet" be was area gob* up F0e.4.17, sad was thirgook between 12 and 1 o'eleek, whoa the aawriee had been temed MA Of the lied Lion and were in the streettc stradied spinet the boom. WINS then „ to:VIZ ea Wry, est Nem sae abed Ida leek :be end Mt o hid wariwid et the theyberaol ;;;;ITe halt hotw . desoteed lA, wee wee tended with the Wee in the WA& et the reed. Thl last the deoweed wee seta dive. The reed been et wee the UMW the deur heyletr Tis oe h a e ir a te dletweee. and sere i l li ="t4witit ocatradiedsee. He i=nej tent He Min with his BMWs. Bre , Who wen a hears, died lad y 7•17 4, fs yeleieer (J. Tiente) drew& a se= "ari a sad s eabole pima aimed Al* bed the redoes drittl, oyfettrei that on the et the mardw lie lad= • tireip erlihout nsgeny. When in his examination he wag asked if Mr. Hotchkiss, the railway clerk, had not changed him a sovereign, he replied, "No,only half a sovereign ;" hut Hotchkiss positively swore that it was a sovereign for which he gave change, and out of which he was paid the 30. which he had lent the prisoner on the previous night. A search warrant was obtained, and police-superintendent Cheney searched the house of Mrs. Travis, to see if the clothes of the prisoner could be found. It had been ascertained that he wore on the night of the murder a pair of what were denomi nated embossed drab trousers, but no trousers of the descrip tion could be discovered : a pair of boots also were miming, and the striped shirt which he wore on the night of the inure der could not be found. Upon examining his person, a bruise was discovered on his right collar-bone, and a scratch on his throat; both hands were considerably scratched. and he was slightly cut on the right hand. The wounds had all the appearance of having been inflicted very recently. These scratches be endeavoured to account for by the statement that they were done in removing • aheepnet on the Saturday; but the evidence of a boy in the employ of Mrs. Travis showed that as the prisoner had not to go near the hedge, his hands could not have been damaged in the way he said they had been. On the Friday night the servant-girl of Mrs. Travis cleaned the prisoner's Sunday boots and put them into a desk drawer as usual, and there they remained till Sunday morning, when the prisoner was seen to take them out and they were then clean. A pair of boots were also produced which he had worn on the Saturday morning. He was possessed of three pairs, but the third pair could not be found. Near the body of the murdered man several pieces of a striped shirt were found, and amongst the rest the right wristband ; and two or three other pieces were found at • distance from the body ; some were saturated with blood. The wristband proved that the shirt wee the make of an experienced sempatress. The prisoner had put a white shirt on on the Ilth (Kirton fair. day); on the following Monday he put on a common shirt, which he wore till Saturday night, but on that night bin mother eye him another clean striped shirt to put on before he went into the town, on which occasion he changed his dress. On the Sunday morning, when the servant girl took the dirty linen out of the prisoner's room, she found only on. dirty shirt ; end on that day the prisoner had put on main and wan wearing the shirt he had worn on the lltb. The girl stated that be arrived home at one o'clock on the Sunday morning. and the mother said it was only twelve, but he was seen in Kirton at half-peat twelve. The mother said she let him in,aad that he was tipsy, but the did not know whether he went up the front or the back Main to bed. The girl said he was not in the habit of going up the front stairs. The mother stated that, as she wee going down stairs to let him in, the candle wont out, and she returned up stairs te bed after letting him ion, but first went into the servant's room for a 'urger match is obtain another light. When the girl came down is the morning there was not • pair of dirty boots in the kitchen, though the prisoner had been in the habit of leaving his dirty boots there. In the course of the Sunday, abuckhorn hafted and two-bladed pen-knife was fouud near the spot where the murder was perpetrued : in the blood under the head of the deceased was discovered part of the end of a pen knife, and this fitted to the broken blade of the knife, corre sponding exactly : the other blade was broken out entirely. This knife was covered with blood, and it was established that on the 10th of Nov. the prisoner had purchased this knife at the shop of a Kirton tredesman. When the prisoner wag searched, he had two sovereigns in his pocket, and on the Sunday moraing a third sovereign was found within 100 yards of the Red Lion ion: this no person ap to claim, though it was known that a sovereign had Cr r i e t found- With the sovereign the prisoner had changed this made up four, the number the des used had had in his pos session oa the previous night. The prisoner on the Sunday morning was observed walking backwards and forwards where the sovereign was picked up. On Wednesday after noon, at two o'clock, the inquest was resumed. Sevier' of the county magistrates who have watched with intense in terest the whole proceedings were present. Mr. Cheney, who had main searched the house of the primoner's mother, produced a pair of trousers answering to the description of those worn by the prisoner on the night of the murder , these had been toned in a drawer in the prisoner's brother's room, and they were not there when the house was pre viously searched : they appeared to have been sponged in several places. No other part of the clothing worn on the night was found.—Mr. Lee, of the house of correction, in whose custody the prisoner had been placed, produced a pair of garters taken from the prisoner : one was stained, as if with blood which had gone through the trousers in kneeling and there were two other aaperent blood-stains upon it. Further evidence was taken, and the inquest was again adjourned, to afford time for maturing the evidence. There is no doubt that Joseph Travis will be committed for trial for the murder. The poor bull-terrier dog, which itself bad been wounded, sat for nine hours on the dead body of its master. The remains of the deceased were interred at Bly borough at noon on Wednesday ; and his brother, Mr. J. Copeman, has offered 1001. reward for the discovery and conviction of the murderer. A large number of spectators attended the funeral in the churchyard, and all agreed in pronouncing the deceased a kind master, and a man univer sally regretted. The coffin was drawn to the yard se mediae to village custom, in the farm waggon, and was then carried into the church by six of his servants. The sus pected murderer is the son of a respectable widow, occupy ing a pretty good farm, and he himself is a cabinet - maker. WORCESTERSHIRE. DEATH FROM STARVATION AT DROWNS ICH.—A melancholy case of death from starvation happened, on Tuesday, in the parish of Hanbury, near this borough. The deceased, Eliza Carter, who bad attained her 70th year, walked from Worcester to Banbury Church, a distance of nine miles, to receive &share of the St. Thorium's Day Gifts, which are bestowed annually in Banbury Church, and it appears that, so numerous were the claimants, that she was unsucoessfuL She set out early in the afternoon to walk home again, and fell dead on the road from sheer exhaus tint and want. On Thursday evening an inquest was held on the body, at the Vernon Arms Inn, Hanbury, when Ann Tovey, wife of Robert Tovey, labourer, of Hanbury, depeeed that she attended at Hanbury Church, on Tuesday, to receive a portion of the St. Thomas's Day Gifts. She there saw deemed, who laid that witness looked starved. Witness replied, " Audio do you." Whereupon the deceased said, " If you have had no more than I have you would look bad ;" and she added, that she had got a long way to go and nothing to take her home. The deceased left the church between one and two o'clock. The deceased when at the church looked distressed, not only from want of food, but of clothing also. She appeared starved, and was blue round the mouth.—Hannah Hughes, wife of a Hanbary labourer, deposed that she attended at Hanbury Church on Tuesda to receive the gifts. There were about a hundred !s e pia assembled. She did not recollect seeing the demand mew the number; but as witness was returning home, &boat two o'clock in the afternoon, she found her lying in the road, quite dead. She was lying on the gram by the ride of the road. Witness gave information, and the body was con veyed to the inn. Mr. M. Pierpnint, surgeon, Worcester, deposed that he had examined the body of the deceased ex ternally, but bad not opened it. There were no marks of violence upon the body, and, judging from the circumstances detailed by the other witnesses, he was of opinion that the poor woman had died from exhaustion. He could not de pose positively to the cause of death without opening the body. but the age and appearance of the deceased strength- I ear d this opinion.—'l he jury returned a verdict, " That the deceased had died from exhaustion and want."—A very similar Cale to the above happened last Christmas et Hallow, in this county. Ann Sefton, aged 66, while on her way to participate in the gifts of the season, fell in the road from exhaustion, and was found frozen to death. BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. ANTI-DAME LAW MEETING.—The Bucks Adrer tine of yesterday, reports a meeting held at the British Schooli Room, W addsedon, to show the moral and pecuniary evils of the game laws, end to petition parliament for their abrogation. Waddeedon and its neighbourhood have been, for many years, pestered with game preserves, and no Tillage in the county could have been , chosen more adapted for a demonstration on the subject. The large school room was crowded to excess. There could not have been fewer than 500 or 600 people present. The chair was taken by J. Houghton, Esq., one of the most extensive agriculturists of the county. He was surrounded on the platform by a large number of the farmers of the neighbourhood, and in opening the proceedings said, he, for one, regarded the game laws as having a tendency to increase crime, and it was therefore his duty to do all he could to get them repealed. His own experience testi fied that the game laws were the greatest possible detriment to good farming. He thought it a great gnevanc• that farmers should have their crops destroyed by game. Certainly, every man should have a right over his own pea perty ; but was it right that the game of sine gentleman should eat the crops mired by another ? He had no objection to stringent laws of trespaaa to protect property. lie did not believe the preservation of game could be of any meek'. It necessarily raised up a race of poachers, who demoralised the community ; and farmers whose crops were destroyed' could not interfere against the practice. We should have such a law in existence, that the man who preserved game should be compelled to keep it himself. Under the prong law, farmers were given to understand that they sob bound to keep the game to a certain extent; bat rap pate there was a clause in their leases to this ideal, then the question arose to what extent were they to keep the game ? It was impossible to tell. There might be little objection to a clause authorising the farmer to keep so many sheep or so many cows. But how many head of game were they to keep ' The first year it might be 20 the next 100 ; the next 500 ; the next 1 , 000 ; and in the end all their crops might be eaten up. The produce of one field which he had occasion to sell on a farm was 'IL 10s. an acre ; that of another, being near to a game primates, of the same grain and seed and soil, was only worth lie. en sere. So much for a farmer's liability to feed game. It was not merely in eating the crops that the game did mischief, but also by constantly moving among them. But, above all, the game laws wore most injurious to the morals of the people.— Mr. W. Rose, farmer, moved the following resolution: " That this meeting It of opinion that the game laws are injurious to public moral, canes great ion to the fanner in the destruction of his crops, and are the mans of increasing the parochial as sessments, and tlunthey ought to be repealed." A burnt child, it was said, derided the ire; sobs was afraid of the game laws, for he had sollered greatly by them. He had too much ream ea trap that the morals of the people in that neighbourhood had bean pained to • great extent by their esainas. Area was saw no tax upon feed, • state of Oro ko lad greatly imbed to see ; bat, is the nut place, i di zmion. ho wished to km fres Ode in and also fres trade in religion. Ha did not ass any ode t:s in • min bands tag his nelghbonell la the statist of his wild 'Wok— Mr. NT. pat , framer, sonaded the He showed that the taws had dine Intainie Wary to the amen albs . end had bean • gust lola to the gagagea, pa! wadi ea, that be nem La rearavedi • ihrthieg el annetwadian bast the Duke of Dusidar i gbala es any ens e s tl••410 lai te keep • treat _nu., ug ui te na rld hit* ft bed beat gookela oh aa il Ole is & low OM VW elly BA away t h e a I :2ll l llllibteltaltlaTlaWi at OM tkos with ths naked •r, besides other animals of the same clam; and farmers could not move about without being watched and thapected by the keepers. The annoyance was very great and very grievous to the fanners. Poachers were very numerous, and no wonder. Then when poschen are taken and sent to gaol, who have to keep them ? Why not make the game pre servers keep them ? The fact was, the tenant-farmer was too glad to see the game destroyed by poachers, for the mis chief done to the crop was incalculable.—The resolution was carried unanimuuely.—Mr. Crook, of Stone, farmer, made a few remarks, signifying his approval of the speeches already delivered. He moved—" Tb .t this meeting think that a rerpectful petition to parliament, signet by the inhabitant' of Waddesdon and its neighbourhood, praying for the re peal of the game laws, should be presented.' —Carried.— Mr. J. Gibbs moved the adoption of a petition, which set forth the moral and pecuniary evils of the game laws, the increase of public burdens and lose of human life through their operation, and prayed the house to revise or abolish them. He began by showing the absurdity of the argument that bad laws should exist because of their antiquity, and he gave a short outline of the history of the game laws to show their hardships aad barbarous descent from the old forest law,. He then traced the operation of crime which began with poaching, showing the dreadful extremes to which it had led, and the extravagant loss of life through peachier encounter,. He would go the length of amercing that he knew gantekeepen who set a watch upon the ,ignorant, in order first to decoy and then to lead them to punishment. Every agricultural community should come forward as too man to get such obnoxious laws obliterated from the statute-book. Some of the poor men before him lad got gardens in which they delighted. When a hare made its appearance in their garden, what was more natural than that they should kick its bruins out; but if they did so, they would be put into prison. Then the expense of prosecution, and imprison ment, and trial, came out of the county-rate. Families were broken up, young people were transformed into criminals, poorhouse. were filled ; and the rate-payers had to pay all the damage, instead of those gentlemen who brought it all about by their game presence. In conclusion, he took occasion to complain of the partial operation of the poor rates. Gentlemen in London, with locums of 2,0001., living in lodgings, had nothing to pay for the main tenance of the poor ; while farmers, with the same income, would have .601. or SOL to deduct for this reckoning. The poor should become a national burthen, and should be supported oat of the na tional taxes; and he hoped that a movement would take place, in order to effeet a great and permanent reform in the system. (Chun.)—Mr. J. Harahan seconded the adoption of the petition. In reply to all that had been urged that night, the great and wealthy of the land might cry out, "We have a right to preserve game." Decidedly, landed proprietors have a right to do what they chqose. They had a right to adorn themselves in petticoats, or hunt the stag upon donkey,, or shave off their whiskers on one side; but was it their duty thus to make themselves ridiculous ? And with respect to their acres, landlords had a right to let them go to waste and ruin, and send telthe uttermost parts f the earth kr bears and kangaroos, and elephants, to inhabit their wastes ; nay, the gentry had a perfect right to construct great tunnels under their acres, to fill these tunnels with gunpowder, and blow both their estates and themselves up ,to the moon. Property, however, hod its duties as well as its rights. Who would dare to say they were in duty bound to act as madmen ? Now, with respect to hares, pheasant', and par tridges, the landed proprietors opposed their duty in stock ing estates with them. The specious objection to game law repeal was this, that the tenant rented his farm subject to game. Te be sure he did. The tenant also took his farm subject to thieves. The tenant couldn't go to the land lord and say, " Sir, my poultry is all stolen, give me com pensation." The landlord would reply, "Go and punish the thief." Now, the tenant leis puss approach towards his bean-field. Why, a hare was a thief—a downright, a notorious thief, to all intents and purposes; but, mark , well, the tenant has neither compeateation oar yen ' cesium at his disposal. Why shou'A he be precluded from seining puss, and bringing her under the justice of the carving knife ? Again, the tenant rented his farm subject to incendiary fires : could he chi= cempenaation for the ravages of the flames ? No ; but thin was that a reason why he was to told his arms and go to ale. p while the fire blazed? Was it altogether wise and prudent for him to make the observation, " I rented the farm subject to the in cendiary, and therefore the incendiary must walk at large" ? The whole question lay within a email compass. A sharp Kentuckian weat out with a blunt Indian for a day's shoot ing. All they got was a turkey and a crow. How to diside the booty was a difficult problem. Said the Kentuckian to the Indian, " I shall have the turkey and you the crow, or you may have the crow and I the turkey." Said the Indian, " Well, that looks very plausible; but some how or ether you always get the turkey and I al ways get the crow." Now, the landed gentry of this country were Kentuckians, and the farmers and peasantry Indians. The gentry say to the latter: "You may have the sparrows and the robins, and we shall have the here' and the pheasant' ; or we shall have the bares and the pheasants, and you may have the sparrows and the robins." Nay, the gentry said more ; they said: "and you shall feed our hares and pheasants into the bargain." lie concluded by exhort ing the labourers present not to degrade themselves by poach ing, but to aspire to virtue and true nobility, such as the aristocratic landocracy never displayed.—The petiti n was agreed to unanimously, numerously signed, and ordered to be transmitted to the Hon. C.C. Cavendish for presentation. DEVONSHIRE. A DISTRESSING ACCIDENT occurred at Roborough an Sunday last, the particulars of which are detailed in the evidence, at an inquest held on Wednesday. Capt. Hambly, his wife, and a female servant (whose evidence we quote) went to Buckland Church in a phaeton drawn by one horse, which the deceased drove. "After church, I (c.ntinues the housemaid), the deceased, and Mrs. Hambly, returned in the cerriege, and the horse went very quietly until we got inside the lodge. When we came to the lodge gate leading into Elfordtown, which is the name of the place where we reside, I got out and opened the gate for the carriage to pose, and did not go in again. As soon as the car riage was past the gate the hone started from a trot into a gallop, and went at that Tate do con the kill. When I saw the horse run so fast I thought there would be danger, and ran back to the lodge to endeavour to procure misietanoe, but there was no one there. I saw the carriage until it came to the turn or angle of the road, and then lost sight of it. I ran oa after the carriage, and when I passed the turn of the road I saw the carriage capsized, the horse gone out of it, and my mistress supportin g . my master's head, whose body was lying on the ground. I just looked at the deceased, but did not remain, as my mistress told me to run to the house for help. The deceased appeared to me to be dead when I left him. I ran to the house, and Mrs. Joaquim with her daughters and others went to Mrs. Hambly's assistance. I procured some water and followed them, and when I got to where my master was lying I gave the jug to Mrs. Joaquim and re turned to the house, feeling very faint from the alarm and hurry of the cireusustances. The deceased was perfectly well arid comfortable on his way from church. The phaeton was double bodied. Mr. and Mrs. H. sat in front. I eat behind." Mrs. Hambly, in describing the overturning of the phaeton, stated that the bone went at a very fast pace down the avenue; he was in a gallop the whole way. She wasnever ins carriage with therms horse before, neither was Capt.Hanthly. The horse attempted in going down the hill to Buckland to run away, and did run away until we get to a public house, when we stopped him The horse dashed round the corner at the turning of the avenue leading to the how., and I think struck a net that was standing in the road. Imme diately on the carriage and horse coming in contact with the cart we were both thrown out. I was thrown in front of my husband, and when I got up he was lying on his right side on the ground perfectly insensible. He never • opened his eyes, spoke, or moved again.—The verdict was , " Accidental death." r....fa Lints° Is STYLE.—A considerable surprise, and not a very agreeable one, has just been given to some trades men at Clifton, Bristol, and Bath, by a very dashing gentle man of fashionable air, who has left numerous souvenirs of hie short sojourn in the neighbourhood. It appears that with no further chattels than a plausible air, and a very im posing page, he succeeded in taking a fine furnished house in the most popular part of Clifton. Having taken possession, h e went to Bath and got a carriage on credit (we should rather say the credit of his residence) ; on the credit of his carriage he gat homes from an extensive dealer in Clifton ; and on the credit of the carriage and horses be got credit everywhere else, butchers, bakers, grocers, wine merchants, and last, though not least, the tailors, who furnished both him and his page with suits innumerable. And thus all went merrily, until one morning last week, when the " illus trious stranger " was reported missing, and with his amage, clothes, &c. &c., having forgot to leave his eddrer, a ba lance at the bank, or " the goods," to console his friends, in cluding the coach-maker. Nothing is known of him, but that he arrived in Clifton by one of the Irish packets, doubt less, (says the Bristol Times, which reports his proceedings), afraid to stay in his " castle " for fear of assassination. LITERATURE. Murray's Home and Colonial Library. Manners and Customs of India. By the Rev. CHARLES ACLAND. 1837. This is a most amusing and instructive volume, offering a minute picture of Indian life in the country stations, or the Mortara as they are called, written by a clergyman ; it is indeed a kind of supplement to Bishop Heber's celebrated work, especially in its humane views and quiet domestic descriptions ; for we cannot say that any part of it is theological, or has much reference to clerical functions. This, perhaps, was precluded by the contents of the volume being addressed to young persons, children of the writer, who were to be more amused by anecdotes of animals and descriptions of every-day life, than by more seri ous or didactic epistles. In truth, one is startled to find how very limited a clergyman's duties are in those regions—how exclu sively a chaplain he is—his carte being confined to the English officials of the district and their families. With such a cure of souls, all pseud and wealthy ones, we do not wonder that Mr. Aslend found in lam pro fession not even wherewithal to occupy his mind. He fell ill with the same disease which afterwards proved fatal to him, and then he applied to a physician. The answer given him was, itv or r o m priv • a ssess lot dint loar lt as la soondoooll ilik tbS t:tram ilma essillft WEN is "Ziarni %Mi lkman Sloloopoilbtol.l l l. o . lel sow ssoi utmost • tone toe II as. I.lmo =A folos oo Wangs in tn. I Moo =Ate of grand to luta a tliaboo Maim Is this employi ng mind? Is it poesi'te that • clergyman in India ordered to employ ids mind, can - ~! b 7d