The Express. — London, England, 1847-01-21 00:00:00

tuts. The cold is intense here. Venom petitions have been presented to the Chamber of Representatives in favour of ex tending the operations of the exportation each ty of Belgium to'all kinds of national produce. It is asserted in the leading political circles that King Leopold will not go to London, at lean for some time to come. DENMARK.—C-OPENDAOSS, JAN. 6.—The go vernment has forwarded to the Prussian cabinet en official note, setting forth, in clear terms, the views of the former with respect to the question of the Danish duchies. It is declared in the note, as asserted, that the Danish govern ment never entertained the idea of depriving the States of Schlenwirk and Holstein of the right of petition ; and that his Danish Majesty was as firmly resolved to uphold the lade. pendenee (linabltangiy!ait), of the two duchies as to pre vent their sr aration from Denmark. CRAC()W.--A letter front Cracow, dated 3th inst., states that an amnesty was proclaimed there, dated lth Jan., according to which all persona implicated in the Lbe insur rection are amnestied, with the exception of the ringleodera JAN. 11.—The introduction of the Austrian system of customs which was fixed for this day has been po.tponed. Custom-house r e flect'. howev,r. have been aiready stationed along the frontiers. All kinds of provisions have considerably risen in price. It is asserted that the cause of the arrival of numerous Russian troops near the territory of the ex-free state is the desire tot %Ise advantage of the comparative cheap ness of provisions in that direction—food of all descriptions being very deur in the interior of Poland. Thin pretext, however, dues ant obtain nutelt eredit.—Deutsehe Allgemeine Zeitung. RUSSlA.—According to the Berliner Z , itung, the majority of the landed proprietors of the " kingdom " of Poland are indebted to the Warsaw bank for more than half the real value of their properties. The bank has called in all outAanding debts. The result will be, that all those landed proprietors who are deeply involved will become in solvent, awl that their pr iperth s will be sold for the benefit of the bank. Such results will be of great importance to the Russian government, as the impoverishment of the Polish nobility will necessarily deprive them of their in fluence. The Mann/reius Amnial asserts that the Emperor will proceed to Warsaw early in the spring. DEATH OF HIS IMPERIAL HIGHNESS THE ARCHDUKE JOSEPH OF AUSTRIA.. . . Intelligence has receited of the death of his Imperial Highness the Archduke Joseph Antonio Jean of Austria. Palatine of Hungary. The melan choly event took place on the ith inst, at the imperial palace at Ofen, in Hungary, after a severe and protracted illness of several months. The Arch dukes Francis and Joseph were with their illustrious parent at his dissolution, having been sum moned from Vienna to the sick chamber of their father. The imperial family of Austria must have been somewhat prepared for the sad termination of the archduke's illness, fur he had been repeatedly given over by the most eminent of the medical pro fession. . . . . His late Imperial Highness was fourth son of the late Emperor Leopold IL, by Maria Louisa, daughter of Charles of Spain. Ile was born March 9, 1776, and has been married three times, namely, first to her Imperial Highness the Grand Duchess Alexanlrine Paulowna, daughter of the Emperor Paul of Russia, who died on the 16th March, 1801, without issue ; secondly, to Princess Herminie, daughter of the late Victor Charles Frederick Prince of Anhalt Bernbourg Schauntbourg, who died the 14th Sept., 1817, . after giving, that day, birth to a son and daughter (twins); and lastly, he married, 24th August, 1819, her Royal High ness the Princess Marie, daughter of Louis, Duke of Woe temberg, by whom he is survived. By his second alliance the son, the Archduke Stephen, alor.e survives, and by the Archduchess Marie he leaves issue a son and ten daughters, viz., Archduke Joseph Charles Louis, horn 24 March, 1833 ; the Archduchess Elizabeth, born 17th January, 1831 ; and the Archduchess Marie, born 23d August, 1836. The Archduke was the Palatiue, Governor and Captain- General of Hungary; a Field-Marshal and Colonel-in-Chief of the 2nd alit 12th Regiments of Hussars in the Austrian army. Iu virus of his high position of representative of the Emperor in It anger!, he was president of the diet and council of state. The illustrious Archduke was, with the exception of the Archbishop of Gran, the highest magnate in the kingdom, and was deservedly beloved by the p. °plc as well as nobles over whom he ruled vs p ftine. Ile bad distinguished himself as a consummate h Adicr during the wars of Napoleon in Germany, and merited the high rank he held in the Imperial Army. He was brother of the Archduke Charles, Palatine sad Viceroy of Blhemia the Archduke Rcigner, Viceroy of Lombardy; and the Arch duke Lou's, General, Fiell-3larshal and Director-General of Artillery in the Imperial Army, and Colonel-in-Chief of the Bth Beg. of Infantry. By the decease of his Imperial Highness, in addition to the imperial family of Austria, it will place in mourning the Courts of Naples, Munich, and many other Courts of Germany and Italy. LATEST FROM RIO AND PERNAMBUCO. By the Swordsh, which arrived at Liverpool yes terday, we hove intelligooce from Rio to the I'th, and from Pernambuco to the 21st of last month. The Swordfish accomplished her passage in 28 days, al though for the last 14 days the wind was right ahead. She made a still more rapid passage out ; and, contrary t) some strange misstatements, all her cargo was landed without having sustained the ;lightest damage. There was no political news in Brazil at the time of her sailing, and the following extracts from the circular of Messrs. F. Le Breton and Co., will indicate the state of trade at Rio. The govern ment decree relative to the metallic currency, is en titled to attention. Pannuen.—Coffi,s hare experienced very little fluctua tion, the supplies during November being as nearly as pos sible equal to the demand, say 100,000 bags. The prices quoted in our last circular continued until the Express packet arrived on the 24th, when the market became duller. A decline took place. ray, 2,7,50 to 2,600 for superiors ; 2,600 to 2,700 for good firsts, regulars, and ordinaries, resalar busi ness has since been doing. These are our current quotations to-day, the sock being about 60,000 bags. Beery rains had been falling for some time, which will check the communica tion with the interior ' and render the supplies, for some little time, more difficult to be had. However, in a abort while, the market will doubtlessly be well stocked. Last month the clearances amounted to 05,763 bags 274 barrels (against 90,336 packages in November, 1845), showing a great de crease on the exports of the two preceding months. The following is a summary of the clearances fcr November to the United States, 59,576 bags; Meditetannean, 19,391 bags, 32 barrels; Portugal, 1,478 hags; Antwerp, 4,207 bags ; Bremen, 5,513 hags ; Cape Town, 1,609 hags ; 3.001 bags, 3 barrels; Liverpool, 884 bags, 188 barrels; River Plate, 177 bags, 51 barrels : being in total, 95,763 bags, 274 barrels. Sugar sales have been confined entirely to con siuners and shippers, to the River Plate. Exchanges closed firm, by the Antelope st., sailed on the 2nd ult. for Liverpool, at 281, 'wiper Swift picket, on the Gth, money became still more scarce, and a good deal was negotiated for at this rate, with a fortnight or longer credit. Shipments of produce have been falling off very considerably ; the rate became flat; discount easy and per Crane packet, sailed on the 18th, the bulk of the business was done at 28s. ; it has since continued the current rate. Flour continued to improve in price, as but very little arrived until lately. Altogether, however, since our last 12,301 barrels have been imported from the United States, nestrtheleis the market looks very firm. The following is from the circular of Mears. MeCalmont and Co., dated Pernambuco, Dec. 19: SUGARB A great deal of business has been done in this article since the commencement of the n•.w crop; seldom or ever so many cargoes will have been despatched before the Christmas holidays. Prices for bags and barrels opened at 2.8n0 to 3.200 per err. for superior whites ; average assort ments, 2.600 to 2.700 ; low whites, 2.350 to 2.200 ; Hueco vadoes of average quality, 1.800. Cues: whites, 1.200; Muacovadoes, 1.050 per err. above ferro. Owing to the advance in exchange and scarcity of money, as well as the rise in freights, a decline has since taken plane. The bulk of ear shipments w ill be in bags this season ; very few cases so far have arrived from the estates. The exportation before Christmas, and since the commencement of the new crop, will be, as near as we can calculate, for ports in Great Bri tain direct, 3,000 t •ns, principally Muscovadoes ; 4 cargoes for Trieste, mostly white sugar in bags ; 4 for Genoa, 2 for Marseilles, 2 for Valparaiso, 3 for Rio de Janeiro, and 4 loading for Portugal. Abe Court. - The Earl Fortescue, Lord Steward, and the Earl ' Spencer, Lord Chamberlain, had an audience of the Queen Mysterday, at Buckingham Palace, and presented to her ajesty the address from the House of Lords, in answer to the speech from the throne. The Queen was pleased to re turn a most gracious answer. Her Majesty and Prince Albert, accompanied by the Princess Royal, left town at ten minutes past three o'clock yesterday afternoon, in a carriage and four for WindsoiCastle. The Equerries in Waiting, Lord Alfred Paget (Clerk Marshal) and Colonel Seymour followed in another carriage and four. The Lady in Waiting, the Mar• chioness of Douro ; the Maids of Honour in Waiting, Hon. Plisi Stanley and Hon. Miss Dawson ; and the Lord in Waiting, Earl Ducie, were in the third carriage • and the Groom in Waiting, Col. B. Drummond, and the Plaster of the Household, Major General Bowles, were in the fourth carriage. tier Majesty and the Prince were conducted to their carriage by the Lord Steward and Capt. F. Seymour, Groom in Waiting to H.R.H. The Royal party proceeded from Buckingham Palace to the Paddington terminus, and left_ ay a spi vial train on the Great Western railway. WINDSOR, WEDNESDAY.—The Queen and Prince Albert, accompanied by the Princess Royal, arrived at the Castle at a quarter past four o'clock this afternoon from the Slough station of the Great Western Railway, escerted by a party of the First Life Guards. The royal suite (initiated of the Marchioness of Douro, the Hen. Misses Stanley and Dawson, Barl Dude, Major-Gen. Bowles, Col. B. Drum mond, Lord A. Pi.get, and Col. Seymour. Earl Spencer rived at the Castle this afternoon on a visit to her Majesty. The royal dinner party at the Castle this evening ill include 11.R.1t. the Duchess of Heat, the Lady in # r Waiting to her Royal Highness, the Baroness do Speth, and Earl Spencer. The bend of the First Life Guards attend during dinner. tier Majesty's private band afterwards attend in the Comae. A deputation from the Society of Friends, headed by Mr. Foster, had an interview with Lord J. Russell yes tenlay, at his official residence in Downing-street.—Furl Spencer and Earl Fortescue had an interview with Sir 0. Grey yesterday at the Home-office.—Mr. Musson had an in terview with the Earl of Clarendon yesterday at the Wilmot' the Board of Trade.—Lord Ingestre, and a deputation from the Staffordshire Railway company, had an interview with the Right lion. E. Strutt yesterday, at the office of the Com missionen of Railways.—The Earl of Devon had an interview with the Chancellor of the Exclu quer yesterday, at his official residence in Downing-street.—'l he Lord Advocate of Scot land had an interview wPh Sir G. Grey yesterday.—Earl Cawdor had also an interview with the Right lion. Baronet yesterday, at the Home-office.—Mr. S. D. Patch, ne-d Mr. Simmonds, had an interview with the It;gle. Hon. T. Milner Gibson yesterday, at the office of the Board of Trade.—A ' d. potation, relative to the Mauritius, had an interview yes terday with Lord J Russell. The Ecclesiastical Commissioners for Ireland had a general meeting yesterday at the office in Whitehall-place. The Marquis of Lansdowne had a dinner party yes terilly at Lansdowne Hoare. The Right Hon. E. Strutt and Mrs. Strutt arrived in town on Tuesday from their residence near Derby. Lord Thomas and Lady Sophia Cecil left Farrance's llotel 3 esters' iy on a visit to the Marquis and >larcbimecss of Exeter, at Burghley, Stamford. THE "I)AILY NrAvs," THE QUEEN'S SPEECH, AND THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAI . II.—The Messrs. C. and J. Ray ner, express newspaper agents, of Southampton, procured from the Daily Ante (*fee a copy of the Queen's speech a few minutes alter it was delivered on Tuesday. Dy means of previous arrangement they had it communie dal to Southampton by the electric telegraph of the South-Western Railway, printed it immediately, and distributed copies over the town at about the same hour that the evening papers of the old school used to issue former royal speeches to the London public. In fact, we received a copy of Messrs. Rayner's print at the office of the Daily News, by the ordi nary train from Southampton at forty minutes past nine on the same evening. As an instance of despatch this is, we believe, unprecedented. THE COURTS OF ALDERMEN AND COMMON Couseo.,—About 120 members of the Common Council assembled in the Council Chamber for the purpose of re ceiving the suggestions of the sub-committee appointed by them to consider the moot advisable mode of proceeding on the next Common Council day with respect to the bill, the third reading of which at the last court the Lord Mayor re fused to put. It appeared, Mr. Ashurst said, desirable to the sub-committee, and they recommended accordingly that at the next court a Committee of Privileges should be moved for before they proceeded to call upon the Lord Mayor to put the question of the third reading of the Common Council Qualiticution Bill, in order that the oNeetion that they were, nut a legally constituted body might not be stated ngaimt them. It also appeared to them to be advisable to assert their right to have the question put the moment after the commit tees were appointed. Mr. Harrison said he thought it neces sary to state that it was Lis intention to move upon a subject on which he belie.. ed lie had the sympathy of all the members before the question of the third reading of the Qualification Lill should be put. Ile meant the distreitred condition of the Irish; to contribute to the relief of which as soon as passible he should move that the sum of 2,0001. be voted. tie inti noted so much to the members, in order that it might nut be supposed that he meant to throw any difficulty in the way of the q question.—The Chairman said that he had been merely instructed to state the recommendations of the soh-committee, and having fulfilled Isis instructions and advised that the meeting should make no resolutions, but i proceed with unanimity to the attainment of the.r object, he considered the business of the committee at an end.—Mr. Ashunit then vacated the chair. EXTRADITION OF PAUPERS, BY ORDER OF THE! Poo R-LAW CON MISS lONEll3.—Yesterday moranst, a special meeting of the board of guardians of the parish of St. George the Martyr, Southwark, was held for the purpose of carrying out the orders of the poor-law commissioners respecting the re. duction of the number of in mates in the workhouse. The board then proceeded to the usual weekly business, when the re. lievint officers stated that the number of applicants for re lief (all new eases) exceeded 300, many of them declaring that they had been one or two days without a morsel of food. —From the weekly returns, it appears that in the week ending the 12th twtant there were 2,077 persons re ceiving out-door relief, independent of those in the workhouse, and that number, last night, had in creased to 2,161, exclusive of the 300 new appli eations ; that at this period last year the greatest number in the same position was 1613, while in 1845 the greatest number was 1040; that the weekly expenditure of these two years varied from 60/. to 701. per week besides stores, while now it had increased to 1131. per week, and was going on increasing, while the poor-rates had risen front Ild. to Is. 3d. in the pound, or Is. 4d. on the year's rate. This, of itself alone, was reducing the poorer class of rate-payers to pauperism, for although there were 6,798 houses vitt d, yet they were as follows:—Houses rated under 51., 1,69,5; at 61. and under 101., 2,036 ; at 101. and under 201., 1,283 ; and at 2 , 11. and upwar ds, 1,762, It is understood, in consequence of this alarming increase of misery and destitutiou in the above parish, that some application will be made to parlia ment on the subject. JEWS' AND GENERAL LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTION.—A soiree of the members of this institution was held last evening, at Sussex Hall, Lewlenhalbst rect a to celebrate the secon anniversary of its establlhroent. The popularity, as well as prosperity, of the institution was ma nifested by the large assemblage which continued to pour in between the hours of eight awl e:eren. The company, included many influential members of the Jewish per suasion, and a considerable proportion of ladies, for 1 1 whom the amusements provided were many and va rious. A series of addresses were in the first place de livered, Hananel de Castro, Esq., president of the institu tion, leading the war, followed by Mr. Sampson Samuel, honorary solicitor, Mr. Parry, and Mr. David Wire. The addresses were all too similar purpose, exhibiting the advan tage-sof socie'ics like the present, in promoting the mental improvement of their members, and especially urging on public attention the fact, that although the majority of those belonging to the institution were of the Jewish faith, that circumstance did not constitute a prohibition to the admission of persons of any religion or mode of thinking —on the contrary, it was their object to set aside that question entirely, the simple prosecution of literature and science being the desired end. The institu tion was described to be in a highly flourishing condition ; there were more than 600 members, and the librarycontained 6,000 books ready for constant reference. A concert was the next feature in the evening's amusements, supported by Miss R. Isaacs, Mr. and Miss nelson, Mr. M. Davao, Mr. Cohan, Mr, Case, and Master and Miss Day ; the whole concluded with a ball, which was kept up with considerable spirit until a late hour. The hall was well lighted, and most tastefully decorated, the ensemble being extremely brilliant. - JOsElnt ADY AGAIN.—on Tuesday Ady was sum moned to the Court of Requests, Osborne-street, White chapel, for the sum of IL, by Mr. W. Wright, coal mer chant, Cambridge-road, Bethnal-green. Ady did not ap pear himself, but was represented by a prosy named Abbott, who set up the defence that he had given information fully equal to tne amount of money advanced. The commiwioners came to a different conclusion, and ordered Master Joseph to refund the pound. THE TREATMENT OF A Doo.—Poland is henceforth to be called New Russia. Nicholas treats Poland like a dog, and being determined to de-•troy it, begins with giving it a bad name.—Punch. THE ECONOMY OF CONSUMING SMOKE.—In proof of the increase of heat gained by burning the smoke, we may cite the experiments of Mr. 11. Roldsworth, of Manchester, who has shown that, in the front flue of a furnace, of enramoa construction, the thermometer seldom rose above 1100 deg. Fahr., and often fell below 900 deg., the mean being 975 deg.; while in the same tunics, when consuming its smoke, the mean temperature was 1160 deg. Fehr., ranging between 1400 deg. and 1000 deg. The quantity of water evaporated by a pound of coal was one-half greater than when the smoke was not consumed.—Lircipool Health of Towns Advocate. COST OF DISEASE.—" A policeman, receiving 20a. a week regular wages, being remonstrated with as an unfit obiect for a charity, gave the following account of himself,— ' That he paid for his miserable one room, divided into two, ss. a week ; that he had Is. Bd. weekly to pay for keeping up his clothes, which reduced the money he had for his family of four children and his wife to 13s. 4d. ; that he had had all his children ill, and lost two; that he had, during , three years, paid six doctor's bills, principally for medicine, at the rate of 2r. 6d. a bottle, amounting to between 301. and 401. ; that two of the children had died, the funerals of which, perfermed in the cheapest nuriner he could get it done, had cost him 71. ; the wife and his two children were now ill. The second case is that of " a porter in regular employment, at wages producing 12s. a week he paid 3s. 641. for a molt miserable and unwholesome room, in which himself and six other people, four children, and three adults, slept. The children were shoeless, extremely filthy, and badly clad ; the wife ill in bed of a diseased knee, for which I attended her. Four children were now ill. They were so depressed and debilitated, as to render them very great objects for the dispensary and Samaritan Fund. All this misery was traceable to preventible causes."—Evidence of J. Toynbee, F.R.S. NIGHTLY SHELTER FOR THE 110 USELESS POOR.— Yesterday the committee of the above association made a report of the number of unfortunate indivi lush who, since the date of opening (the 14th December), have availed themselves of its *hater from the inclemency of the weather. In the Central Asylum, Playhouse-yard, St. Luke* 3,165 men, women, and children. The Eastern Asylum, in Glue house-street, East Smithfield, 2,106; and in the Western Asylum, Upper Ogle-street, Marylebone, 2,186. The num ber of rations distributed during the same period amounted to 79,393. INQUESTS, YESTERDAY.—DISTRES.ING DEATH.— By Mr. W. Payne, adjourned from Tuesday evening, at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, on the body of Robert Bland, aged 34 yeses.—Mr. 11. F. Wilde, the house surgeon of the hospital, said, that by order of the coroner he had that day made a post-mortem examination, and found congestion of the brain sufficii nt to cause death. Laudanum was the principal cause. —Verdict "That Robert Bland died a natural death from conges tion of the brain."—CONJUGAL DIFTEUENCLA. — By Mr. Bedford, on the body of Mary Sanson, _ aged 49, the wife of a lawyer's clerk. The deceased had for a long time past been separated from her husband, and for the last year had had her allowance of 70. 6d. per week stopped. She was in distress, and in order to support herself was in the habit of ordering goods on her husband's account and melting them. On Friday . night last she was seen with a paper of arsenic in her posseunon, and the next morning was found dead at No. 70, Berwick-street, where she bad begged a lodging for the night. The inquest was adjourned for a past-melon examination of the body. THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, JANUARY 21, 1847. BIRTH-DAY ADDRESS TO THE READERS OF THE ^DAILY NEWS." This is the anniversary of the birth-day of the Daily 2Vetrs. On this auspicious morning of the year 1846 our paper was born amid more than com mon perils, and, as the result has proved, with a con stitution more than commonly vigorous. A rough nursing had the Doily News. Even its own kith and kin looked doubtfully on the stranger, and fear fully on that world of enemies into which it had come. But the paper had no fears for itself;—nod is here, accordingly, to receive the congratulations of its friends, a strong and vigorous nency, on the first anniversary of its birth ! Twelvemonths, it is true, is somewhat short of the half century which is about the age of the youngest of its contemporaries ; and if in such growths wisdom were to be measured by years, and strength were the exclusive gift of time, the present aspect and position of the Daily ?era must be looked on as nothing less than a miracle. Yet there is no miracle in the matter. The genii who shed their gifts on the advent of our paper were all good and lawful genii, who gave these only on conditisns—and are ready everywhere to confer them, on the same. A "star danced," it is true, at our birth; but it was the same Ear that looks propitiously on all sincere purpose and earnest endeavour. The perilous time in all lives is infancy—and most of all in the life of the newspaper: but infancy is, as our readers know, a comparative word—in the natural world and in the world of art. Some bright and beauti ful creatures have, in the former, their birth, life and death comprehended within the circle of a sum mer's clay,—while others, after many centuries of days, die prematurely. A twelvemonth embraces all that can properly be called the infancy of a daily newspaper:—the paper that survives that period is an infant no more. There is no man connected with the periodical press—not one of all the " Combined"— who would not have admitted at the outset of our career that a journal which could fight through a twelvemonth must have received such support from the public as would make the future safe. This, which, in the light-hearted days of prophecy that warned us in vain, our rivals would have admitted with a sneer that expressed no fear of us, they have admitted since with a grimace, and in language far more emphatic, by their combination. They had facts abundant to explain the sneer,—not to justify it, as we hare taken care; and, working with familiar elements, the greatest astrologer of them all drew our horoscope,—and drew it wrong. He has corrected his elements now, and is a wiser— perhaps a sadder—" if not a better" man. Meantime, some of those facts were striking enough, we must confess, to mislead a sage whose philosophy tra velled not out of a beaten track, and could apprehend no influences beyond such as shaped the ordinary conjunctions with which he had been familiar. For example, we were reminded lately by a reference in the Alyemeine Zeitreng, of the history of the Itepresen,a tire—a daily morning newspaper started by the late Mr. Murray. All the elements with which our rivals reckon seemed combined for the success of that experiment; and its rising on the literary horizon was, we dare say, watched as something more ominous than that of the Doily News. No one ever questioned the liberal spirit of the projector —or the abundant resources, intellectual and pecu niary, at his command. Yet the Represtenlati , e, after a boundless expenditure and a hopeless strug gle, died within a period which can be counted only by weeks—relieving its rivals of the fear with which they had watched its birth—and be queathing to them a lesson which they had not, it seems, the wit to apprehend. That lesson, as written there and in many another sign, we pondered well ; and the result is, that we have already outlived the probable term of existence for a new London morning newspaper ten times over,—and look, in every desirable sense of the word, as old as our rivals, with only twelve months on our back. Certa'n marks of senility, it is true, we concede to them, which we have not attained—and are not seeking. To be at once old and young is the true ideal of an enduring newspaper power: and this can be attained by those only, amongst them, who are willing to combine length of years and immutability of principles with the youth of all such details as time and circumstances justly demand. lint ours, as our readers know, have not been merely the common accidents to which the youth of a newspaper is exposed : and the strength of the life that has all along been in Ils is to be tested by some thing more than the power which we have had to resist — these. Besides casualties, we have had the malicious as well as the good genii on our path: and, born so near the Christmas time, our progress has been persecuted by Pantaloon. In that one year within whose compass we have grown into what we are, we have escaped the CATO con apiracy,—sustained the COCKER onslaught which arose out of it,—and survived the Combination of the great morning powers. Ilad we faltered in our purpose at any time,—had we not known thoroughly what we meant to do, and our means, before we began to do it,—had we wanted faith in our public or ourselves, — we were inevitably given up to the hostile spirits that lay in wait for us. But we had not so loosely built our own intentons, or calculated the cost. CATO was a shadow—and we were not to be startled on our path by shadows. COCKER is an ancient schoolmaster—and we had taken our leavens from the " schoolmaster " who is " a broad ;" so that the Times and we were working with different ele ments. The Times did a very clever exercise in "Profit and LON," and anguished its readers by its command of figures ; but the problem, besides be traying some ignorance of its own account-books, was not ei propos of the Daily News. So COCKER did not hurt us. But the Com bination was unexpected,—and struck us hard. It raised the odds against us to a fearful amount. Had there been weakness in us, the Com bination would have found it out. Had we been men to yield, we had yielded then. But the mea sure which showed to ourselves how strong our rivals thought us, proved to them that we were stronger than they thought. Out of that intended injury came a new element and proof of the confidence established, between us and the public in whose cilium we were engaged. In the case of the COCKER fallacy, we had experienced beneficially that every false argument employed against a rival does more than fail when the assailant is disarmed—it leaves an addi tional weapon in the hand of the party assailed. In the present case, we profited by that indignant feeling which, in all combats going on before his eyes, puts JOHN BULL instantly as a partisan on the side un fairly struck at. ithout a moment's hesitation — fearing neither the spirit of our foes nor the mere letter of our own previous pledges where the effect was in danger—we laid the whole case before the public : and went on at their bidding, and with their renewed support. The result has been gain, every way. The Combination, as our readers know, was something more than a mere combination —it included a seduction. We previously divided the coot of our expresses and agencies with the Herald, — es the Times did with the Chronicle and Post : and so were on something approaching to an equal footing with others, as regarded the more material sinews of war. Our ally was tempted from us : and it was de termined that the Daily News, in the first year of its life, should "express" at its own cost — if it could; while the four old-established morning journals should divide the similar expenses among them all. We will do our rivals the justice to admit, that they had some right to expect success from a conspiracy like this, since they could degrade themselves to employ it: and we can well imagine that the recoil has carried with it a conviction against the chance of any future experiments, since this failed—and opened to them far other views of a remote but sure future. For ourselves, besides the fresh testimony which we have obtained from the public that we are understood—we have got rid of a help which, in every sense, encam bered. Whilst associated with others, our best fortune was bat to be second :—left to ourselves and our own unaided exertions, we have been first over and over again ; and have, as a concluding triumph, at length-- or, rather, thus early, we should say—succeeded in anticipating our rivals in the India news!—succeeded in defiance of their combined energies and common per ! What, then, is the secret of a enemas like this, — which has no precedent in the history of the news paper ? Why is it that that which has taken our rivals so completely by surprise is no surprise to us at all ? How is it that we stand here, on the first anniversary of our birth, counting circulation against one only of the papers which have occupied the same ground for so many years,—and owning a strength and organisation that have enabled us to beat, in important matters, the sum of them all ? As we hare said, there is not a shadow of miraele.in the matter. We have done nothing bat what we fore saw we could do,—and are journalists only because we foresaw we could do it. That which we have performed is that only which we came with purpose to perform : and on this day of an niversary and congratulation, we ask our readers to remember that from the first we told them so. The reason is—because, though we are young, the want which we came to supply is old. The age and body of the time " had taken " a form and pressure," of which the Daily News is the matured expression. The place was vacant that we undertook to fill--the demand urgent which we offered to supply. The Newspaper, which is too apt to think itself an independent power, is, after all, but a power ful delegation. Its readers are its constituents; and it reflects their views and feelings, or ceases to be their organ. In itself the journal has no strength— as will be found out, to their cost, by those who have too long resisted the just demands, or fallen behind the growing intelligence, of the world which it addresses. We knew well that if we met these—and could convince our public that we did so—that public could fix our majority just when it pleased. We are as old as the older papers, because we have the same s•news—and younger, because we associate with the wants and circumstances of the younger day. In a won, we are old enough, on this our first "birth day." Our object shall be to grow no older than we are,—though we hope to see more anniversaries than the oldest of our rivals can count. An anniversary day is a day of retrospect—and that has been pleasant : it is, too, a day of promises —and they shall be confident. We have, now, a justified faith in our public, and our public in us; and that which we hive hitherto done in the way of early intelligence—as well as all else which I they have approved—we will do again. Much, I however, remains to do, which as yet we have neither done, nor attempted, nor had time to attempt. In these respects, added months will befriend us. The solitary position in which we were lately left compelled us, as the most pressing matter, to turn all our thoughts for a time to the establishment and ar rangement of our foreign correspondence. Now, we shall have leisure and quiet to look more at home,—and complete that system of revision and classification by which we propose finally to convey to our readers all that they may need, or desire, to know respecting the topics of the day in the way most pleasant to themselves and conservative of their time. The anniverary day is a day likewise of gifts—and a gift we crave of the public. Let them give us, if that be necessary, an increase of faith in our motives, apprehension of our objects, and confidence in our zeal ; and the Daily Neirs will year by year be more and more of a GREAT POWER—that is, grow more and more into a visible Form of that power which is THEIR OWN. NOTICE OF MOTION (FOR TIIE ENSUING SESSION.) —The Disks of Wellington to move—from the top of the arch at Hyde-park-corner.—Punch, THE FARCE OF OUT FAWKES.-011 Tuesday morning, at 11 o'clock, Sir Augustus Clifford. Mr. Putman, and Capt. Kincaid, with a party of Yeomen of her Majesty's Iloly Guard, made the usual search in the vaults beneath the House of Lords, preparatory to the opening of par liameut. DFLUNAGE ACT.—The following applications for loans, under this act, appear in the London Gazette of last night : Nome of Applicant. Parith. County. Amount. The 10ev. w. It. Markham Wt.tmoreand £4so 0 0 Gerard skilrin St. thinald . ham 3,319 9 0 &Moulin Bullock Netball ....Northumberland. 4,400 0 0 OPERATIONS WITHOUT PAlN.—Sir,—Thu exact qualities of vapour of ether, and the precise modes in which it acts on the nervous system, require much investigation. Every day now produces new cases in which surgical opera tions arc performed, under its influence, without pain to the patient ; but it is not invariably suttee-ful. This day, at the Ophthalmic Hospital, Mr. C. Guthrie completed the serious operation of lithotomy, the patient declaring after it seal over that he had not telt the knife. Many other ears are given in the local papers ; but it appears that the eth, r does not equally uifect all CAM'S. In one instance reported in London the patient, a woman. was a longtime before iusemi bility could he induced. It was known that she was a gia•drinker. On Saturday last ether was tried upon a miner whose log re quired amputation in consequence of an accident. The pa tient inhaled the ether for twenty-three minutes, and for the lest ten minutes the strength of vapour wan increased by the application of heat, yet no stupefaction, nor even partial in sensibility, ensued. The operating surgeons, who had been successful in previous cases, accounted for the fact by the habits of the man, whohad been a great smoker and drinker, and bad thus i.npaired the sus:eptibility of the nervous system to narcotic or other analogous influences. At the Westminster Medical Society on S..turday mast, Dr. Snow said that an important point with re-pert to the vapour of ether was the great effect of temperature on its relations to the atmosphere. An increase of only thirty degrees in the temperature of atmospheric air causes it to take up just twice the quantity of ether ! Another of its qualities should deter ignorant persons from tampering with it. The vapour is highly inflammable, and if used by candlelight great risk of explosion would he incurred. Its weight would induce its accumulation near the floor, and the application of flame would le id to moat dangerous consequences. Some French surgeons have even contemplated the possibility of a case in which the com bustion induced by ignorance might extend to that portion of the vapour of ether contained in the lungs of the patient. This is, however, very unlikely. Indeed, from some experiments made in London, it would seem that the expired vapoor is not inflammable. The dangers, however, , arc too many to justify the employment of the vapour by I uninformed persons, and are sufficient to require the careful investigation of the scientific surgeon.—M.R.C.S. EMIGRATION ; THE COLONIES; THE FISHERIES.— Sir,—The colonies, and their friends and advocates at home, owe you a debt of gratitude for the consideration you hese given them. Colonial subjects are rarely taken up with that interest their value and importance demand.. As regards the ob,ervations in your paper of the 14th inst., suggesting that the waste lands in the colonies should be applied to re lieve the present Irish distress, by an allocation of them in their favour, permit me to make a few brief remarks on the general feasibility and advantage of such a plan. The object of an allocation, or grant of crown lands in the various colo nies, is to relieve the mother country of some of the over pressing population, enlarge her dependencies, call forth her resources, and create trade and commerce. The mere con cession of a grant of land, however, in the present case would be of little avail, unless means were likewise placed at the command of those for the benefit of whom the grant would be made. To make a mere grant of land, then, on the pre sent occasion, under the impression that such would relieve the distress which unhappily prevails through out this empire to an unheard-of extent, without at the same time accompanying it with means, so that it might lie available to the distressed and unemployed, would be mere mockery. The most available means of improving the destitute state of our unemployed population, appears in my humble judgment to be, by promoting the emigra tion end permanent settlement in our several colonies of small capitalists, and persons able to begin the world with a fair chance, and by extending and encouraging, as far as practicable, those branches of the national industry that particularly belong to us, and that would increase our wealth. Small capitalists here hang little or no chance of succeeding ; they are completely cut out by the larger capitalists; everything is taken out of their hands, and the chances are against their succeeding. But in the colonies there are numerous openings for the profitable and safe investment of capital and labour, without much competi tion, and with the certainty of realising handsome returns, under ordinary prudence and perseverance. The colonies do not so much want paupers, who could merely bring their labour, as persons possessed of some resources, however small : to these latter they hold out the greatest inducements—and they are a class of settler that would shortly create a steady and increasing demand for labour. Hence it is more particularly in favour of this clam of persons that a grant of land throughout the colonies should more especially be made,—that every induce ment should be held out to them to invest their capital and enterprise where they had a chance of turning such not only to theirown advantage, but also to that of the mothercountry. A grant of some 500 acres of land in the different colonies might very advantageously be made, under certain regola lions (with regard to the number of free labourers to be taken out) to persons who could forthwith cultivate it. The settlement of a class like this would create trade andcommerce rapidly and extensively, by more immediately bringing forth the resources of the colonies ; and they would more certainly create a demand for labour afterwards. Labour only will not create a market • it must be accompa nied by capital, without which it will accomplish nothing that will tell immediately (which is what is wanted). But, besides directing the capital and enterprise of the small class of capitalists to the profitable and certain fields open to them throughout the British colonies, the government might do a great deal to relieve the distress at present ravaging a large part of our country, by promoting and extending the fisheries. This field of national wealth alone is susceptible of an almost indefinite extension, and, consequently, of the employment of a very large number of additional persons. Not only is there plenty of room for additional enterprise in the fisheries off our coasts (especially off those of Irelend itself), but those of all our colonies may be prosecuted with advantage to a very considerably increased extent. Those of British North America afford scope for hundreds, while those of the South Pacific colonies are hardly ever entered upon. In the fisheries alone we have a field which might be turned to the greatest advantage possible, and the encou ragement of them secure for us an efficient clam of seamen immediately serviceable in case of need. Thus, sir, bypro meting the emigration of small capitalists to our extensively diversified colonies on the one hand, and encouraging and extending oar national resources on the other, much may be , done to relieve the present distress—a distress which will i recur again and again unless whatever is attempted be with ' a view to permanently remove it, Coto( T. CAMPBELL. A TWOPENNY COINAGE SUGGESTED. Sir,-1 take the liberty to suggest, through the medium of the Express, the great convenience the omnibus-riding public i would enjoy in the circulation of some twopenny coin, now that so many avail themselves of a ride in an omnibus to that amount. —PRO BoNo PUBLIC() ET MEO.—Jan,S. IRELAND. IMPROVED FISHERIES. Sir,—We haieseeithsTe; boat tercatching fish by net, when ready fur sea with her nets on board, and harrele, salt, and rnatenal fur curing or conveying to market her fish, ready upon the beach, represents a capital of about' .10/., and this capital gives employment to the crew of five fisher men, only for six or eight weeks. This boat is laid up for the rest of the year. The long line and hand-line fishing occupies the crew the rest of the year. Two lung lines, of from 800 to 1 200 hooks each, are the smallest stuck a boat can do with, one line being at home, and being baited, and laid ready in the baskets, by the women, while the other Is out in the sea. At each end the line is anchored, and a large buoy with a little vane on it, indicates the place. Each line will extend from a mile to a mile-and-a-half, and with buoy., ropes, anchnrs, baskets, &c., will cost, ready f r sea, from Si. to 12!. This is not the only expense. "Bait must either be bought, or fished for. It costa either money, or time; and as it must be fresh (stale blit catching no ash), it requires a constant outlay. Mussels and huskies, or the large white whtlk, are the usual bait. Mussels and limpet, may be gathered at ebb tile, among the rocks, in small quantities, but the regular supply must come from musselbanke, which, like oyster beds, are private property in many parts. Buskies, or whales, are a better bait, because tougher, and remaining longer on the hook than the mussel. They are fished for by long lines, on which, at short intervals, a hit of carrion, of ilea horse, or dog, is fas ened ; and the line laid along the bottom. These shell-fish have more loco motive power and sense of set II than is general ly su pposs for they travel along the bottom and attach theinnlees to the carrion in great number, and adhere by suction unirl taken on board. The long line is carried from home, baited, the coil of line in one basket, and the baited hooks and their ties in another, at the side of it; and on reaching the fishing ground two men row the boat, and two throw out the line clear of ravel or twist. If the weather be clear, so that bear ioge on the land can be distinctly taken, and there is no strong current on the coast, or appe arance of a gale, it is not unusual to leave the long line all n ight, and return to ie by the bearings and draw it next day, taking out another fres h baited line to replace it. Many good people, in the simplicity of their benevolence, imagine that on a sea coast abounding with fish, a starving population need only hooks and lines, and boats, providsd by government funds, or by some joint stock society, to find employment and od for themselves and others. They will be startled to learn that to fit out five men to er.rn a living from the sea, requires a greater capital than to fit out the name five men to earn a living from the land ; that to stock five cotter farms, allowing a cow to each, two poneys among them, reed, and necessary utensils, and arable land enough to allow them a fair subsistence, and to pay a fair rent, would actually cost less money, and with infinitely less risk of a total or great partial loss of capital, time, and labour, and with touch lees deterioration of the habits of the population. It will be seen, from the above sketch, that lees than 00?. a man could not be reckoned for a fisherman's outfit, and 501 would set up a small farm, if the rent were fair. It is to he remembered, too, that fishing is a lottery to the individuals, and with all the demo.slising effects of &lottery. Success does not, an in farming, always follow perseverit g industry. The prize of a full fishing often falls to the indo lent and thriftless. The hardship, exposure, and night-work also tempt to, and almost excuse, the most pernicious of all kinds of drinking—not drunkenness, hut dram drinking. Will any man who has tried, or watched the pro . grera of a fishing deny these facts? There is no country, unless it may be in the South Sea Islands or in Greenland, where a population fishes nobly for its own food. A little consideration of the facts above nutted shows that no population, class, fancily, or even iudividual, could subsist ay fisaing for food without reference to Killing fish. The capital invested in boat, nets, lines, bait,—a capital much larger, more perishable, and more exposed to destruction, than that required in tlmost any mechanical trade,—must be reproduced, or he starves, precisely as if it were capital invested in yarns and looms. Now, where in Ireland is the population, behind a clam of fishermen, to buy the fish at a price that would replace the ne cessary cost of catching them? The Ichtbiophagi them selves mast have been ebb to sell fish enough to buy boats, nets, lines, hooka and bait to replace what they expended in catching them. It is evident, therefore, that not only are bats, nets, lines, &c., at well an skill and ex perience, necessary to the existence of a fishing population, but a great population around willing to consume fish, and able to pay for them at a price which will replace capital, repay tisk, and leave a civilised subsistence to the class of fishermen. The proportion of a population which, under the most favourable circumstance,, can subsist by fishing, is probably much smaller than some suppose. In the absence of statistical data, it may be assumed that in the British domi nions no more favourable coast for fishing con be found than from the mouth of the Tweed to the mouth of the Tay. The fishing grounds at the mouths of the Firths of Forth and Tay abound in fish, are accessible in almost all weather; the fishermen of Berwick, I)unbar, Muswelburgh, Newhaven, and of all the little fishing towns and villages on the coast of Fife, are the most expert, the hest fitted out, and the most successful in Scotland, and behind them there is a vast population engaged in coal-works, iron -works, and all kind. of manufacture, as well as in agriculture, and many popu lous towns, and two large cities, Edinburgh and Dundee, affordina a market for all they an catch. Yet, the whole population of fishermen employed in supplying the vast population, probably exceeding half-a-uullion of ready customers within this circuit, cannot be esti mated at more than 4,500, and the great majority of them depend for the main part of their yearly earning , ' and income upon the herring fishery' at Week, or elsewhere, upon a foreign, not a home consumption of what their capital, time, and labour produce. These observatior.s are not thrown out to discourage bene volence, but to prevent its being ignorantly or injudiciously expended. Fhibery, like every other branch of industry, can only grow with the growth of the stem en which it is en grafted. No hot-house encouragement of bounties, gratis outfit of boats, loans, and government regulations, had any success in Scotland. The fishery only begun to thrive when old George Rose and his quackery of fostering the fishery, were dead and forgotten, and the free-trade principle of letting industry and capital find their own emploYments, began to prevail. It will be the Fame in Ireland. Without a class of consumers to buy fish at remunerntive prices, with out industry, skill, and economy in the habits of the people, the Irish fisheries will prove a failure, discouragement, and reproach ; they will be undersold in the only kind of fish (cured herrings) which finds an extensive and ready market in Ireland, by the more skilful and economical fishermen of Scotland; and thin failure, discouragement, and reproach will he thrown upon the Irish people, when in reality the fault lies with those who by bounties, loans, and premiums, try to force production beyond remunerative consumption, and to give a sickly temporary existence to a branch of industry which like all others can only live by legitimate rtelural demand, and not by forced supply. 0 SCOTLAND. EDINBURGH, JAN. 19. The influx of destitute Irish into Scotland is taking place on a scale so large as to demand immediate attention. At the last census of 1841 there were living in Scotland 126,321 natives of Ireland, being about five per cent. of the whole population, whilst the numbers of native Irish resident in England at the same period amounted only to two per cent, of the gross inhabitants. How the tide has continned to flow since may be gathered from the statement of the Glasgow Argus, given on good authority, that within the last month from 700 to 800 Irish paupers have arrived in that city, and at the present moment are famishing and dying in its garrets and closes. Although not subjected to such a large income of misery as Glasgow, Edinburgh has also its share of these ill-fated creatures, notwithstanding the efforts of the parochial authorities in both places to stem the torrent. ..... Glasgow is to attempt a daily newspaper, to be en titled the Glasgow Daily Press. The first newspaper published in Scotland was a daily print. It was called A Diurnal of some Passages and Affairs ; was originally printed in London, and reprinted in Leith, in 16.52. Since then the greatest feats in Scottish journalism have been thrice a-week papers. The Dis senters in Glasgow are also to start a newspaper, to be published weekly, and to be called the Glasgow Times. RErnr.sx,rravtotr or Otasoow.—The Glasgow Argus contradicts, on '' authority," a rumour that Mr. Lumsden, the late provost, is to be &candidate at the next election. All weirc appear to concur that in the event of a vacancy, Mr. M'Gregor, of the Board of Trade, would stand. TRADE IN KILMARNOCK. is brightening. Mousseline-de laine dresses and shawls with light patterns, for the spring trade, arc most in demand; and few workmen are out of work. Carpets, bonnets, and shoes are not greatly in re quest; but few are idle in these branches.—Kilmarnock Journal.. STRONG Facre IN FAVOUR OP INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS. —The rural police committee of Aberdeenshire report that a few years ago the number of juvenile vagrant@ which infested the county of Aberdeen was between 300 and 400. In 1845 their number had been diminished to 10.5, and in 1b46 to 14. This diminution is attributed to the operation of industrial schools. PROVINCIAL. DEATH 71LOY SUPPOSED QUACIEET.--An inquest was held on Monday on a labourer, named Oreenhalgh, aged 25, who, it was rumoured, " had been kil!cd by Coffin's medi eines." From the evidence of the wife it appeared that , deceased was afflicted with asthma, and about a week before , his death had been advised to apply to a quack named Flitcroft, described as " one of Coffin's men." He did so, and received some powders, which he took, and his death occurred soon after. Mr. Ferguson, surgeon, raid : I saw the deceased first on Friday morning. He was in bed, breathing with great difficulty, and his countenance was of a deep livid colour from the great difficulty of breathing. The brain seemed to have become paralysed. I took a few ounces of blood from his arm, but it did him no good. I sent him something to remove the great amount of phlegm accumulated in the air passages. They told me all the medical aid he had had was what they called " Dr. Coffin's pick." The green powder mainly consists of Indian tobacco, and the other of cayenne. The essential quality of the tobacco is the same as the smok ing tobacco, but much weaker. [The coroner and several of the jury tasted the powder, and said that tobacco was quite distinguishable in it.] I should not consider either of the powders fit to be taken by a person in his condition. The cayenne pepper would be objectionable, on account of the gre at thisat it would produce. The other, if it ope rated as an emetic, without reusing prostration afterwards, would have done him no harm, but it was usually violent in its operation. On opening the body, I found con siderable inflammation of the lungs, and consolidation from a disease of long standing, and also from a recent diseme, which made the lungs no larger available for respiration. There was also a considerable enlargement of the heart, which must have been of long standing. The cause of death I attribute to inflammation of the lungs, nnil the state of the heart. The deceased had not had the trecunent of a mode rately qualified surgeon for the disease he was labouring under. There is a strong probability that Me life might bare haven prolonged, but it is not likely that he would have recovered. I . he cayenne pepper, and his drinking from the thirst, world increase the difficulty of breathing. The cayenne pepper would not have a tendency to control the disease, but would rather aggravate it. The coroner hay ing explained the law relative to the else, and given hie opinion that the evidence was not strong enough to warrant a verdict of manslaughter against Flitcroft, the jury, after a short consultation, returned a verdict of " Died from inftam motion on the lungs," which they accompauied with no ex pression of opinion that the deceased had been impe Telly I treated by Flitcroft ; and that, as Fli , eraft was a Inicklayer by trade, and had no knowledge of medicine, it was highly wrong for him to act as he was doing. GAME-LAW DIAL—If the administration of justice is lax in any department it is strict in the einilicatiou of the game law. On Wednesday last, John Ainsworth, a handloom• weaver, was charged before the magistrates at the petty ses sion*, Blackburn, with a trespass and violation of the garne t:two. ills offence in respect to trespass cortei.ttel in his being in a meadow in Clayton-le-Dale, where he had no right to be, on the morning of the 9th of January, shout seven o'clock. ltichard Smith, gamekeeper, swore, that about five o'clock on the morning in question he dis covered a snare in Collinsea's meadow ; he and another man watched the snare alternately, till seven o'clock. About seven o'clock he saw a man at the place, and saw hint go front it. He did not see him stop. lie followed him, and lost eight of him for a little, hut got tip to him sad seized him. He felt his pocket, but did nst get the snare, and had not seen it since. It was dark at the time. The other watcher (who was net present at the rapture) swore that nobody had been near the snare while he watched it, and that it cauld not have been taken away. The defendant denied having been in Collinsou's meadow, lout admitted having been in an adjoining one. He den'ed having seen the grime. He said he had six children , that they had not a hit in the house nor any tire ; and that he hail gone out about half-past seven o'clo. k for wine sticks to make a fire, when he was seised by Smith. lie was convicted in 51. and costs. He asked for time to pay.—Mr. Not a day. EFFECT on TVEEDAVE DEBATE IN LIVERPOOL.— JAN. 20.—Soon after 11 o'clock this morning en express edition of the Daily News. containing the first night's debates in parliament, was laid on the tables of the Ex change New, Room. The proceedings on the whole gave general satisfaction, but the effect on trade was not quite so I satisfactory. The allusion to sugar and molasses caused an I instant advance in these articles; unit Mr. Lebow-here's speech on the extent of the wants of Ireland, and the quan tity of fowl which is still required to prevent starvetion, caused an immediate advance in the prices of corn, flour, and all kinds of breadstuffs. In cotton there was a slight decline. In general, boron r. the meaeures announced by ministers have given satisfaction to al: parties. The Sarah Sand, screw.steamer, eaihil at noon yesterday, from Liverpool to New York, with freight and passenger. She carried out the express edition of the Doily Xeres, con taining the Queen's Speech and the lint night's debate in parliament. There was a heavy fall of snow yesterday in Liverpool. It was snowing when the train left. The snow in the north is said to be four feet deep. EINC9LNSIIIRE ........ REP2ESENTATIO9 OF LINCOLN.-Sir Edward Bulwer Lyttan Lac intimated to hie friends in Lincoln his intention of ag a in presenting himself u a candidate for the represen tath.n of their city at the next general election. There are, ther..l..re, already four candidates in the lield—c 4 x., the two sitting members, Col. Sihthorp and Mr. Collett, and Sir Edward Lytton and Mr. Seely, who hat adopted the title of the "citizen candidate." A second "citizen candidate" made some demonstratien a short time ago, but he has since quitted the field. _ NORTIIVNTERTAND. RELIEF TO S lIIPWILECKED ki•RINERS.—The unjust ope ration of the Merchant Seamen's Act, in reference to sea men aailine from the Tyne, has again been strikinely and painrully illustrated. A few days age, the trig Theron of Newcastle was wrecked at l)unnet Sandt, in the Orkneys. The crew, eleven in number, were saved, and to a matter of Tour..., proceeded to the nearest custom-house, where, by tho 211th section of the Merchant Seamen', Act, they were en- Stied to receive relief to the extent of lf. to the captain, and 10s. to rich of the crew. On informing the officers of the customs where their vessel belonged to, they were at once apprised that no such relief could be afforded them, as instructions to that effect had been received. The " instruceions" referred to are as follow The 28th section of the act allows relief to he afforded seipwrecked seamen, and there exists a general unsicrstanding amongst the trustees of the Merchant Seamen's Funds,exeept the trus tees of the Newcastle Fund, that relief is to be afforded to the extent of If. to the master, and 106. each to the seamen of vessels belonging to their respective ports, who may he ship wrecked and landed, and may apply f4r relief, in circum stances of distress at any other of the ports than that to which the vessel belonged. Should appleation be made to you under such circumstances, relief is to be afforded at the rate epee ified to seamen wrecked in a Teemed belonging to any port of Great Britain or Ireland, except that of Newcastle, the trustees of the fund of which do notallow relief to shipwrecked seamen of that port unless they apply there." On thisglaringly unjust and discreditable arrangement, the John o'Groat's Journal pertinently remarks t— So, then, the reason why no relief is afforded to seamen shipwrecked on hoard of vessels belonging to the port of Newcastle, is founded upon a more general understanding," and that, too, in the flue of a special act of parliament—" a general endersueeding " to deny to shipwrecked mariners their own money, at a time they most require it—" a general understanding " to compel these poor fellows to become mendicants for public charity, when cast upon a distant shore—" a general under standing" to compel simple Jack to pay twelve shillings a year out of his wages, on the plea of benefiting him in days of adversity, and under the shield of an act of parliament, and then to issue orders to all the Custom houses in the kingdom to refute that benefit at the very time when, little though it be, poor sailors would know its value. So it is. And co, according to :he fiat of the magnates of Newcastle, it is to be. Not so fast. The molter has become too fingrant, the dose has been too often repeated, and the circumstances have become rather too well known to be longer tolerated. And, secordinglyove ere glad to Rey, that the ease, along with others of previous occurrence, has been represented in a quarter where such matters are generally sure to meet with merited exposure, and that par liament shall not have been long assembled ere the enact ment' of the Newcastle Custom-holm shall be brought under review, so that, whether palatable to these gentlemen or not, a most searching investigation into the manner in which the affairs of the Merchant Seamen's Act have been managed by them, shall most sunurt-e.dy be made. BRISTOL RAGOED SIDOOL.—The following anecdote illustrates one of the lending principles upon which this school is managed " While* one of the visitors won at the school during the last week, a boy of about thirteen was seen to be extremely violent and refractory, a teacher endea vouring to lead him to the bottom of the class for inattention. He obstinately misted, and stamped with rage. The master, observing the conflict, weut to the boy, and patted him gently on the lased and cheek, and begged him to be a good boy. In a minute—before the master had quitted him—it came again to his turn to be asked by the teacher one of the arithmetical questions of the lesson, when be cheerfully and promptly cried out ' 48,' the proper answer. The crimson flush of anger had left his face ; his countenance was an bright and placid as if the last few moments had not witnessed the storm that had agitated his passions, and he became at once quiet and docile. The visitor asked the master about him ; he re plied, that boy is the most unmanageable one in the school ; he is clever, but very passionate. He has kicked my legs (happily he has no shoes) ; be bas pelted me with mud in the streets. I have dismissed him from the school, but al lowed him to come again on his earnest entreaty and promise of good conduc:. If I had struck that lad when ho was so irritated, or spoken harshly and angrily to him, his fury would have been quite ungovernable; but he can't stand a word of kindness. ' "—Bristol Mercury. WILTSHIRE. SINGULAR ADVENTURE OF •N ON.—As Mr, S. Smith, butcher, of Fisherton-street, Salisbury, which is the greatest thoroughfare in the whole borough, wus driving through his passage to the slaughter-house two oxen, which he had just purchased of Mr. Benjafield, from the neighbourhood of Shaftesbury, one of them, which weighed upwards of 44 score, very coolly turned round at the bottom of the passage and actually ascended the nteircase, a flight of about twenty stairs, and then deliberately walked into the dining room. As soon as he got there, frightened, probably, at his novel position, he began tossing the chairs and tables in every direction. Mr. Young was the first to try to get him tke them still top o. animal down st suddenly Perhtin, itateh For two the pueengere, the animal ensued. length away. .„....... tes of the Newcastle Fund, that relief i* to be afforded to he extent of It. to the master, and 10.. each to the seamen of l mewls belonging to their respective pone, who may be ship- . :reeked and landed, and may apply far relief, in cireum- tancol of distress at any other of the porta than that to which he oce'el belonged. Should app iration be made to you inder such circumstance*, relief so to be afforded at the rate I pia ified to seamen wrecked in a vessel belonging to soy port I Great Britain or Ireland, except that of Newcastle, the rooters of the fund of which do notallow relief to shipwrecked semen of that port unless they apply there." On thisglaringly njust and discreditable arrangement, the John o'Groat's ournal pertinently remarks : So, then, the reason shy no relief is afforded to seamen shipwrecked on hoard of easels belonging to the port of Newcastle, is founded upon more .. general understanding," and that, too, in the (see of special act of parliament—" a general onderstiolding " to eny to shipwrecked manners their own money, at a time hey most require it—" a general understanding " to compel hese poor fellows to become mendicants for public charity, rhen cast upon a distant shore—'• a general under- landing" to compel simple Jack to pay twelve shillings . year out of his wages, on the plea of benefiting him n days of adversity, and under the shield of an act of iarliament, and then to issue orders to all the Custom- Louses in the kingdom to refuse that benefit at the very ! • ime when, little though it be, poor raiders would know to value. So it is. And so, according t., the fiat of the nagnates of Newcastle, it is to be. Not so fast. The . natter has become too flagrant, the dose has been too often •epeated, and the circumstances have liecome rather too well mown to be longer tolerated. And, secordinglyove ere glad to ray, that the case, along with others of previous occurrence, was been represented in a quarter where such tarter' are tencrally sure to meet with merited exposure, and that par- P lament shall not hare been long assembled ere the enact- nents of the Newcastle Custom-house shall be brought ender review, so that, whether palatable to these gentlemen Sr not, a most searching investigation into the manner in which the affairs of the Merchant Seamen's Act have been managed by them, shall most neattree.dy be made. GIAWCESTERSHIRE. BRISTOL RAGOED SCHOOL.—The following anecdote llustrates one of the leading principles upon which this , school is managed : " Whilst one of the aititors won at the chool during the last week, a boy of about thirteen was son to be extremely violent and refractory, a teacher codes- i routing to lead him to the bottom of the class for inattention. Ile obstinately . resisted, and stamped with rage. The nester, observing the conflict, went to the boy, and 'witted him gently on the head and cheek, and begged aim to be a good boy. In a minute—before the master tad quitted hint—it came again to his turn to be asked sy the teacher one of the arithmetical questions of the lesson, when be cheerfully and promptly cried out 48,' the proper answer. The crimson flush of anger bad left his face ; his countenance was as bright and placid as if the last few moments had not witnessed the storm that had agitated his passion, and he became at once quiet and docile. The visitor asked the master about him ; he re- i plied, ' that boy is the most unmanageable one in the school ; he is clever, but very passionate. Ile has kicked my legs (happily he has no shoes) - be bas pelted me with mud in the streets. I have dimaiasltd him from the school, but al- lowed him to come again en his earnest entreaty and promise of good conduc:, If I had struck that lad when ho was so irritated, or spoken harshly and angrily to him, his fury would have been quite ungovernable; but he can't stand a word of kindness.' "—Bristol Mercury. • WILTSHIRE. SINGULAR ADVENTURE OF •N ON.—As Mr, S. Smith, butcher, of Fisherton-street, Salisbury, which is the greatest thoroughfare in the whole borough, was driving through his passage to the slaughter-house two oxen, which he had just purchased of Mr. lienjafield, from the neighbourhood of Shaftesbury, one of them, which weighed upwards of 44 score, very coolly turned round at the bottom of the weer, and actually ascended the staircase, a flight of about twenty I stairs and then deliberately walked into the dining room. As soon as he got there, frightened, probably, at his novel position, he began tossing the chairs and tables in every direction. Mr. Young was the first to try to get him down stairs but as soon as he appeared at the window, the animal dashed the panes to pieces : the drover next thrust his stick through the window, which I still more enraged the ow. Mr. Smith then went to the top of the handing to shut the dining-room door, when the animal darted at him, and he was forced to retreat rapidly down stain. It was now seriously feared that he would suddenly dash through the window into the street, and, perhaps, on some vehicle and passenger passing. To de- I match him on the spot seemed to be the only alternative. For this purpose Mr. Carp, a butcher, of Milford, procured two carbines , which he well loaded with ball, At this time the sensation in the street was very sreat for the safety of passengers, as it was feared that, if the fixing wit ineffectual, the animal would be more enraged; a dead silence therefore ensued. Mr. Carp took time and every precaution, and at length fired. The ox fell dead, and was afterwards dragged. away. CAILBRIDOESHIRE. ACCIDENT ON THE EASTERN COI:STIES RAILWAY. — CAMBRIDGE, WEDNESDAY NlGHT.—Yesterday evening, about half-past seven o'clock, an accident occurred on this line at the Whittlesford station. A young woman named Coltman, went to the Whittlesfordatation to see a friend off. The train was due at \Vhittleaford at 21 minutes put seven o'clock, but was ten minutes behind time. When the train proceeded she crossed the line. At that Mean ' o'clock evening express train from London came • .... abs s*qL, ..4 atruck by the engine and killed on the 30 `..- t a g . tusk 4111:11 4 inquest was held at the Red Lion Inn. ..,,, u _ j i . OA, A the company were produced to the jury, .., l''T' lii..• • necessary precautions were taken where • roads on a level. Verdict—" Accidental el • i g gil '4 WARWICKSHIRE. w. WI s• erfr ,g THE " EXPRESS" AND THE QUERN'S/8 4.i •17 Ir. proprietor of the (buena litwvapa oat 7' . ' "4 is 0- r.... 141 0) . .aii . . .5. 1, ' r -: ,„. • _ .