The Express. — London, England, 1853-07-25 00:00:00

gist ennetlSL Spain, and the chances are that the infernal traffic will soon become,like British buccaneering lathe Spanish Main, a crime of the past. 4morirt !Maxi 4" nit Illatemem." the tare eveairre published may Thuds, sad aiebt. is tine p rt. I usewbto. isteaded tat "The Reyna; busies Ilteriag wise. sue. De at J. tiGes. 10. lieseeris.earelk by Two oti.ek se the day 4: pabileatiss. FA MIT Englishman is naturally pledged to the belief that the safety of England depends wpm its " wooden" walls. He clings to the article " wood" as obstinately as the currier in the fable to the material, leather. And the Englishman is right according to the universal testimony of modern history. The immense development of the naval strength of England, owing to its favourable situation with respect to the Old World, and to its establishment of colonies in the New, has rendered it impregnable up to the pre sent time. The 'exigencies of its commerce have I placed a floating bulwark between it and other na tions, which has hitherto laughed to scorn all attacks. The real wooden walls have been supposed to be far more efficient than Hooei BACON'S proposed brazen wall ever could have been. There is little to object to in this theory. Our enormous naval superiority has hitherto preserved us from all those evils to which every nation on the continent has been more or less subject. 1 :OR WATER AT LONDON BRIMS. TL. Lat-Illarsleg. Sb. .-......Antrious. 3 no Tormumbw-Illandag. bb. —.-Aborawo. IC nu. LONDON, MONDAY, JULY 23. Mg. thin has obtained another Committeeon Use subject of the Slave Trade. The veteran Reformer has no•, however, launched into the open and tndlese ocean of the general questiae, which, • few years ago, was investigated by Mr. Hem's committee in t►e Commons and the Bishop of Oxio•D'Y in the Lords; but has rather, with both point and purpose, restricted his inquiries into the specific treaty en garments existing between this country and Spain and Portugal—the sums paid and allowed fur those treaties, and how far their obligations have been ful filled. This, it will be at once seen, has a very im portant practical bearing; and if the result of Mr. lit Committee be to place before the public, in a compendious and succinct form, the price we paid for those treaties—what it is we are entitled to expect from the Governments of Lisbon and Madrid under them—the extent to which they have left their obli gations unfulfilled—and • trustworthy account of the " Hereby hangs a tale," or rather a syllogism. En. thusiutic admirers of the navy, tough-headed old admirals, metamorphosed in the later period of their uses into plethoric country gentlemen, superan nuated surveyors of dockyards, and other equally capable professors of logical art, have reasoned thus. England's superiority is owing to her naval supre macy ; this supremacy is due to hnr ships; her ship s are made of oak—ergo, or aryal, as STIANSPEARE'S Gravedigger bath it, or therefore—we stand or fall by our oaks. This is the gist of the reasoning of thousands who make " Hearts of Oak " their war song, and think that the men of England will be de prived of their last meal when the last hog can no longer find an acorn. Lord COLLINGWOOD was the type of the reasoner* to whom we have teen alluding. Ile had given most undeniable thrashings to enemies from all quarters when in command of British fleets. With an almost unaccountable forgetfulness of the share that English sailors had a right to claim in these achievements, with u much for getfulness of the skill and courage of their commanders, of whom he himself was one of the most distinguished, he preferred to concentrate his attention on the material of which the ships in which the victories were achieved, were built. Not on the admiral, not on the shipbuilder, not on the sailor, does he bestow his consideration. It is the wood, recent revival of the Slave Trade, Mr. Henn will greatly strengthen Lord CLAlv..NDwee hands in deal ing with that chief offender, the Court of Spain. 'fbe pressen t positions of the Cover omen ts ot Portugal and Spain on this great question of humanity are by no means identical. Portugal was long in this scandal ous sit uat ion, that, without tropical colonies oft er own to people, she permitted her settlements and factories at llissao, Angola, and other points on the western coast, and in the Mozambique Chi nnel on the eastern side of Africa, to be the great marts of exportation for slaves. To encourage end promote the profits of this diabolical trade, she gave to our general anti slave trade policy (which she was bound to support) the utmost opposition and resistance in every part of the world. The Government of Portugal was, in short, some twelve years ago, the chief support of the Slave Trade interest. This, however, was during a period of double uncertainty and great difficulty at home; ss hen the position of the reigning dynasty itself was one of danger, and be fore constitutional government had made much way in Portugal. More recently, however, as these em barrassments have diminished, a great change in its Slave Trade policy has come over the Government of Portugal. Severe laws against the traffic have been enacted ; governors have been sent out to Angola and I the other African possessions untainted with partia- I littes in its favour and honest enough to reject bribes; and now, though the Slave Trade has revived a little, and some of the old Portuguese offenders and traf fickers have re-appeared on the western coast, there is no distinct imputation on the sincerity and earnest ness of the Portuguese Government in Europe or on its African agents. The Portuguese colours have again been abused in the trade. Portuguese names appear in the accounts of slave ventures ; but on the whole the Court of Lisbon has, let us hope, dis couraged, and, as far as it can, repressed, the revival of the traffic, and now seems disposed to fulfil its treaty obligations so far as it has the power. It is satisfactory also to observe from tho annual Slave Trade volumes laid before Parliament that cordial co-operation exists nt present between the authorities of the Portuguese factories on shore and the officers of the British squadron afloat. (In the other hand, however, Portuguese subjects are seriously implicated, though not in African possessions of Portugal. For instance, several of the old Portuguese traffickers in human flesh have recently made their , re-appearance at Logos, and are there engaged in exporting slaves on Cuban account. It is but eighteen months since, to punish it for its Slave Trade offences, we battered Lagos almost to pieces, and, at the instigation of the Church mission aries, deposed one king, and made another in the sup posed i nterests of humanity.At that time t heDnilyNe ter veutured to doubt the policy of these proceedings; and, in spite of all this bombarding and destruction of life and property, of all this interference in an African war of succession, and in the disputes be tween Abeoketa and Dahomi, it now turns out, as we had indeed anticipated, that it is at Lagos that the sieve Trade ;is again showing its head. The truth is that, if we are to have a policy in the Bight of Benin, the only sensible policy is, to pre serve, support, and strengthen the considerable state of Dahomi that lies behind it, in the sure and certain arpsdadaa that inlisence, Mich as our friendship would quickly acquire there, must sooner or later briar the Ling and people of Dahomi into our Slave Trade views, with which their own best in terests entirely accord. But instead of doing that, we have blockaded the ports of De bora?, armed the enemies of the Bing against him, have encouraged revolts against and resistance to his power, and the consequence is,' by so weakening a great state, we hare brought ge neral disorganisation into the country. Of this dis organisation the unusually vile race of negroes who inhabit Lagos have taken the advantage, and have famished the Portuguese there with slaves to export to Cuba. the oak, which rivets his admiration. England, according to him, must rise or fall with its oaks. He beseeches every landed proprietor to walk about with a handful of acorns in his pocket to fling about him at random, in order that some of these acorns may grow up into oaks, which may form the material of ships, which may contain brave British sailors, which may, when commanded by future COLLING WOODS and NELSONS, preserve the supremacy of England. This is the '' House that Jack built " style of reasoning by which one of oar greatest Admirals, and cleverest statesmen, would persuade us that the primary duty of an Eng lishman is to cherish the oak-tree. What follows? Plant oaks or England must be ruined. But Englishmen will not plant oaks. That CoLLING• WOOD himself saw, or he would never have promul , gated the scattering-of-the-acorn theory. That has been seen by every agriculturist of note in the country, who never dreams of planting oaks in his private estate as a matter of expediency. What is to be done ? Here is the safety of England depend ing upon its acorns—will nobody come to the rescue? We want oaks. Varying the words of the poet, we shall be no longer to fearful Whilst our complaints against the Portuguese do ■ot at present extend to the Portuguese Government, it is far otherwise with Spain. It is against the Court of Madrid that we are entitled to charge the recent revival of the Slave Trade. It is not merely that Spain has a Captain General in Cuba who, more , than supine and indifferent, is said to have en- , couraged the import of Africans into that , island, of which wo have a right to complain and to insist on satisfaction. There is, in addition, too much reason to believe that the Court of Madrid itself has, by way of conciliating the planters to its rule and by way of uniting their interests against the designs of the United States, deliberately winked at, if it has not stimulated, the introduction of the late addition to the slave population of Cuba. According to an American account, no fewer than 9,049 Africans have been poured into Cuba in the first five months of the present year; and, even ad mitting that to exaggerate the extent of the Slave Trade jumps with American projects on Cuba by suggesting that annexation would at least put a stop to such flagrant outrages on humanity, still the more temperate, and probably more accurate correspon deuce from Havanoah which has recently appeared in the Lady Ntscs, is too conclusive as to the late importations being very large. 'this state of things is not to be endured. If our cruisers cannot prevent, and the Spanish Govern meut will permit, the Importation of slaves into Cuba, Lord Ct..tatrr pox is bound to do one thing: and it is to insist that every African so imported shall be restored to freedom. 'fwo years' experience have established beyond all doubt or cavil the fact that the island au th,.vities can keep slaves out if they choose; if they don't choose, thee it is our duty to insist on the libe ration of every African they permit the introduction of. The present is a great crisis in the history of the Sieve Trade; and we have only to be peremptory with - ills a prey If oaks accumulate, though men decay. The remedy is easy, says some one ; look to the Woods and Forests. These—the special property of the Crown—ought to be duly prorisioned with the timber which is especially adapted to promote the security of the Crown. Let the oak for the defence of England come from the Crown forests, and let us have the gratification of seeing that the land, which was formerly depopulated of its men to make room for trees, now affords trees for the protection of men. Fine words! An acorn requires a hundred or • hundred-and-twenty years to develop into an oak. COLLINGWOOD'S &Corns are by this time respectable twigs, and little more. Any patriotic person who devotes an acorn to the service of his country in the present year of our Lord, 1853, cannot hope that it will do duty on the side of a British man of war, until the year. 19.53 at least. And this is upon the supposition that our naval arrangements will remain the same as they have been. It ignores the possibility that oak may no longer be required for the purposes of ships of war, and that no other material will be found more applicable to warlike purposes. If, however, there is anything to be expected from the Woods and Forests the expectation will not be realised =lass this department of the public service is subjected to proper management. Some letters relative to Chopwell Woods which have appeared in our columns will give our reeders grounds of judg ing how far this is the case in the department in question. If they want still more knowledge they must be referred to the evidence taken before a Committee of the House, of which Lord DUNCAN was chairman. The report, for which we aro mainly in debted to the diligence of that nobleman, shows most clearly that the continuance of the policy which consisted in treating these forests as nurseries for navy timber, can no longer be adhered to. Both Lord DUNCAN'S report and the amendments proposed by Mr. PI:UT affirm the principle that out of the whole number of forests only a few should be pre served, and the rest disposed of. The details con cerning the unprofitable rtsults of the occupation of the small forests are only explicable upon the fact that the management of these properties affords admirable opportunities for political jobbers. The profits from the manage ment of Chopwell Forest, for instance, have amounted in some instances to tho enormous sum of 2s. per acre. Nevertheless, the forest is considered available as a refuge for a Government officer. recent events appear to make it doubtful whether Government will follow up the recomnondations of the committee. This is a point which must be thoroughly watched. We went men and not trees. And while millions of acres of te t le are waiting in our East India possessions to be applied to the pur poses of navigation, while forests of available wood are equally procurable in other colonies, it must no longer be permitted that valuable land should be covered with stunted wood in England, in order that a few political partisans may find therein comfortable I nests. DEATH OF MIL SALTS SCHWABE, OF MARCHES al.—Feelings of the dcepc t regret .ere eacited amongst • manufacturers &al others assembled on the Manchester Etching, on Satut'ay, by the announcement of the death of Mr. Salts Schwabe, one of the leading int reheats of that city. This event took place at the country seat of Mr. Schwabe, in Anglesey, at two o'clock on Saturday morning, and was quite unetpected. lIJ had for the last two or three cloys been muff , ring from an attack of scarlet fever, which was not supposed to be dangerous until Friday evening, when a telegraphic message was sent to Manche'. ter, summoning the best medical advice ; but his file could not be med. THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, JULY 25, 1853. RUSSIA AND TURKEY. Letters received from Berlin and Vienna continue to report a general belief in the approaching peace ful settlement of the Euterp question. This expo. cation, however, appears at present to represent no more than the bent of public feeling, the organs of the French government disfavouring (u will be seen in mu... Paris correspondence.) a 9wyeanguine view of the situation. If the quarrel has been fairly placed in the hands of diplomatists, still serious difficulties, touching the honour of great nations and involving principles of international law, precious alike to all, are yet to be surmounted, and these, although it is not to be supposed that they are beyond the wisdom of statesmen and negotiators to overcome, will hardly be vanquished without labour involving de lay. The character of the potentate against whose am bition France and England are now defending the west is a guarantee that he will sell the advantage he enjoys in occupying the principalities at the dearest possible rate, while that very occupation supplies him with motives for protraction and delay. FRANCE. PARIS, SUNDAY Evaxixo. The Merateur annouLces the reception by the Emperor of a letter from Don Jose Maria Obando, announcing his election as President of the Republic of New Granada. A report having been presented to the Emperor by the Minister of Public Works, recommending the construction of the railway from Rheims to Mczitlres and Charleville, and from Criel to Beauvais, by an Imperial decree those lines have been conc eded: to Messrs. Iklasterman, Laing, Ilutchinson, Uzielli, and others. The Court of Caseation yesterday pronounced judg ment upon the appeal of Count Alfred de Coetlogen, Dr. Flandin, and MM. Virmaitro and Plaohol, four of the " foreign correspondents," against the decision of the Tribunal of the First Instance, confirmed by the Imperial Court, convicting them of sedition upon evidence obtained by breaking open letters confided to the post-office. The venerable judges of the tri bunal of the last resort have quashed the conviction as illegal. Honour to the Court of Cessation There is a plain text of law originating with the Bourbons, and confirmed by the Code Napoleon, expressly pro hibiting the agents of government from opening let ten, but an exception was engrsftid upon this law in thecase of a person taken inflagrante delicto. Tho im perial Court of l'aris strained this exception so far as to hold that the Prefect of Police was justified in open ing letters written by or to persons suspected by him. To bring the case within the letter of the law they pretended that the notoriety that certain persons were foreign cerreepondeuts constituted the ease of flayrante delicto. This was evidently to do away with the benefit of the law altogether. The Court of Cas eation has now laid it down that although in the in terest of public order and the general safety tho 88th article of the criminal code authorizes the breaking open of letters in certain cases ; this can only be done by order of a judge of instruction, who can only set upon a specific indictment before him. It is now, there fore,decided by the highest j udicial authority in Frazee, that no authority whatsoever has the right to violate the sanctity of the post-office upon mere suspicion, and that the Prefect of l'olice especially has not,' under any circumstances, the right to break open letters. 'the judgment orders tire fines paid by the prisoners to be returned to they. In point of term, further proceedings in the case may yet be taken. The Court of Caseation never pronounces an original F; it can only quash that of the court below. Part of the order now made is that another chamber of the imperial court shall rehear the appeal, but in asmuch as the decree expressly states that the only evidence in support of the conviction appealed from was the letters illegally seized, the judgment is in substance one of complete acquittal. The only consequence of a renewed prosecution would be a fresh appeal to the Court of Cessation, and a second government defeat. The result of this trial has agreeably disappointed pnblic expectation. It is the most cheering symptom of a return to regular and legal government that has been seen since Dec. 2, 18.51. The trial of M. Jeanne, the stationer of the Pas sage Choiseul, and other persons implicated in an affair to which the name of the "Vincennes plot" has been given, upon I know not what grounds, is fixed for August 10. M. Bratiano, the brother of M. Ledru Rollin, nod 31szzini's colleague of that name in the Central European Committee, who was arrested on suspicion of being concerned in the Opera Comique plot, has been removed from prison to a tnaison de sante, in a dying state. There is no news from Turkey to-day. The story of part of the fleet having entered the Dardanelles, given by the Prase of Vienna, is not confirmed, and may safely be considered false. Within the last few days there has been a remark able change in the tactics of the Russian agents in Paris. The great object of the Emperor of Itussia from the first has been to divide France and England. Relying upon the old Anglo-Russian alliance and the supposed tendencies of Lord Aberdeen, all the efforts of Russia were directed until lately to encourage suspicion of France on tae part of England, and to propagate the opinion that France was playing a double game with ulterior selfish views. In furtherance of this policy a report was circulated that Nicholas intended to affront Franca by refusing to treat with her, on the ground that she, by first stirring the affair of the Holy Places, had originated the quarrel. At the same time it was given out that he would listen most respectfully to any suggestions from England. By this time the Czar is pretty well convinced that all attempts to make England favourable to his cause, or even to remain neutral, will fail. He is therefore try ing to achieve the same result—division of the two powers—by different means. The Russian cue now is to court France, and to insinuate that Eng land, indifferent to the religious question and having separate interests with regard to Egypt and India is an unsafe ally. The very persons who but a few days since loudly affirmed that England would follow France in aggressive steps against Russia, now say just the contrary, and pretend to know on good authority that Louis Napoleon will not allow himself to be hurried on by England to humiliate the Czar. The Prase, in its weekly commercial review, says that, although business is not very active, it is some what better than last week. Several commission agents, who for the last two months have been waiting for a settlement of the Eastern question, have at last decided to make their purchases. Some important orders fur jewellry have been given for Russia. The late rains have revived uneasiness on account of the harvest. Flour has again risen, and the speculators in grain hold out for higher prices. The absence of decisive intelligence respecting the progress of the Eastern question, combined with the usual dulness in business at the termination of the week, exercised an unfavourable influence at the Bourse yesterday, and a decline in prices took place. Final quotations : For cash : Three per Cents., 78f. 50c. ; Four-and-a-Half per Cents., 103 f. 40c. For the account : Three per Cents., 78f. 25:". ; Four and-a-Half per Cents., 103 f. 20c. Bank Stock, 2,740 f. In the railway market a general decline took place. SWITZERLAND. The Council of the Nation has rejected, by 71 to 23 votes, M. Audi's motion for interfering in the attain of the canton of Freiburg. ITALY . TUSCANY. LEGHORN, Jr LT 17. The wheat harvest is far below expectation, and Tuscany will this year be compelled to import forei gn corn. The legal price of bread was augmented on July 14th by about 13 per cent. ' the quantity of foreign corn now in the warehouses is rely small. ROMAN STATES. RAVENNA, JILT 12. The scarcity of corn owing to a very bad harvest, has engendered a bad spirit in the population. The municipality of Faenza has resigned ell PM Id e : that of Imola threatens to follow the example. We do not know what ours will do. The people will not allow corn to be removed. SPAIN. The " Oidium Tuekeri " has attacked the vines in the vicinity of Valencia, in Spain. " Our vineyards," sap a local journal, "now present a sad spectacle. Tke loss is incalculable." The malady, it seems, displayed itself very suddenly, and in three days the vines were rotting. It is said that the olives in some parts of the neighbourhood of Valencia have also been attacked by the malady; and great fears ere entertained that the mulberry trees may be attacked lidewise. THE UNITED STATES. LIVERPOOL. SUNDAY. The British and North American Royal Mail steamship Africa, Captain Harrison, with the usual mails from the United States and British possessions in North America, arrived in the Mersey at an early hour this morning. The Africa sailed from New York at 12.10 p.m. on the 13th, with 83 pas sengers and 877,933 dollars in specie on freight. Her mails arrived in charge of Lieutenant Scriven, Admiralty agent. The United States mail steam-ship Atlantic and the Royal Mail steam-ship Arabia, both from this port, arrived at New York, the former on the 10th and the latter on the 13th inst. The New York Crystal Palace was to be inaugu rated on the 14th, the day after the Africa sailed, though it would be a month before all the articles were arranged and the show completed. On the 12th not one of the departments had all its articles arranged, but the English exhibitors were most behindhand. The show promises to exceed the most sanguine expectations of the projectors. Pre sident Pierce is to be present at the opening cere monies, and has commenced his progress north for the purpose. At Baltimore and Philadelphia he has been received with great cordiality. He is accom panied by three members of the cabinet. Mr. Secre tary Marcy is not among them. It is said that a difficulty has arisen between Mr. Marcy and Mr. Buchanan, the newly appointed minister to England, in consequence of which the latter will throw up his commission. The secretary is unwilling to give the envoy carte blanche in regard to the fishery ques tion, and hence the disagreement. The Washington Star, of the 12th, names Sweet. zer, of Ohio, as likely to try for the British mission in case Mr. Buchanan declines. A hurricane swept over the neighbourhood of New I York on the evening of the 9th inst. At Halver straw a large wooden building occupied as a lodging house, was hurled into ruins, five persons being killed upon the spot, and a dozen others wounded. Several other accidents have been reported. The Hon. Senor Borland was at New Orleans on the 9th inst., awaiting instructions prior to depart ing for Central America. By way of New Oilcans we have one or two items of news, brought from Havannah by the Black Warrior. It is rep,rted that a wealthy Frenchman, named Forcade, had been arrested on a charge of being extensively engaged in the slave traffic. Several petty Cuban officers had also been placed upder amid for similar reasons. Rumours were also current at Havannah that the Chinese, or coolies, on one of the interior plantations, had revolted, and that in the course of a fight an overseer was killed. The mail steam ship Illinois has arrived at New York with the Californian mails of the 16th ultimo. The Illinois had on board 1,833,714 dole. in specie. The news by this arrival is not remarkably impor tant. The Sun Francisco Ereninjt Journal says :-1 "The news from the mines is not very encouraging. The mines arc overrun with emigrants. Every otter branch of industry is very dull. While die (Talon remarks :—"1 he interior press speaks encouragingly of mining matters. The rivers are, however, un commonly high, and miners will be unable to thoroughly drain them until very late in the sum mer. The dry diggings are being rapidly supplied with water by means of canals or ditches. Some of these companies are realising much money from their investments." The San Francisco Times and Transcript says: The Golden Gat* carries a good account of our agricul tural prospects for the present season. The harvest has commenced, and from every part of the state the report is that the grain product will vastly exceed that of 1852. All sorts of field crops arc cquaPy good. From every Ste. tiers of the Placers we hear of most satisfactory results, in deed mining has never been carried forward with such general success. Quartz mining has received a fresh im petus from the influx , 4* capoal, and will soon contribute largely to the gold product of California. Commercially the intelligence is not so favourable to interests abroad. The market is overstocked with many of the chief articles of consumption. Some lately arrived cargos have been sold at a discount of 10 per cent. from the cost. Consignees are instructed to hold on far higher prices. Shippers, how ever, fail to order th^m to draw for the freight, and this expenditure alone equals half a million per month, requir ing that mount of goods at least to be forced upon the trade. It was very warm weather yesterday in San Fran i cisco, decidedly the hottest day in the season. At Miry*- : vine on the 14th the heat was almost intolerable, and Sacra mento fared little better. At all these points, however, and, indeed, throughout the state, general good health pre vails, for which it behoves all people to be thankful. Duelling . seems to have become almost epidemic in California. Ron. Messrs. Gwin and M'Corkle, members of Congress, after exchanging three shots ineffectually, with rifles at 30 paces, were reconciled by the mediation of their seconds. Mr. John Nugent, of the San Francisco Herald, was badly wounded by Alderman Raves, having suffered a compound fracture of the right arm. Dr. A. B. Crane, formerly of Louisiana, died on the 12th ult., from the effect of a wound received the day previous in a duel with Mr. Edward Toby. At the beginning of June the wheat in a field in Calaveras County stood over seven feet high, the heads being six and a half iochee long. The ship Carrier Pigeon, Captain Doane, from Boston for San Francisco, went ashore on the 6th ult. in a thick fog, on Point New-year, about thirty miles south of San Francisco. At the time of the accident it was blowing strong from the north-west. Fifteen minutes after the ship struck there was seven feet water in the hold, and in half an hour the water was above the lower deck. In addition to the Californian news, the Illinois has brought later intelligence from Peru, New Granada, and the Sandwich Islands. The Peruvian minister for Bolivia hu returned from Tacna to Arica, having found it impossible to arrive at any satisfactory arrangement with Hahn. The minister directed from Tacna a communication to La Paz, explaining the object of his mission, to which Belau responded that he, the minister, would be well received io La Paz, but that the government could not admit of any proposals to arrange the pending difficulties. Meanwhile Peru continues her preparation for the expected war. The Peruvian squadron had arrived in Arica. Belzu had as yet scarcely taken any measures to resist the enemy. His entire force in La Paz consists of 1,800 men, and he seems to be eontldent that the Peruvians will not venture to invade his territory. Among other atrocities, it is related that Belzu had seized 600 horses on their way from the Argen tine Provinces to Peru, belonging to a Peruvian mer chant, but destined for the service. The ill feeling against Belzu'e policy increases daily; great dissatisfaction prevails in the country, and the Southern Provinces only wait for a favourable moment to take up arms against him. Chili continues highly prosperous. From New Granada, we learn that an attempt was I made at the capital to raise a revolution, on Bth June. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, Juts 13. ' Money is abundant at s'x per cent. on demand loans, and abundant facilities for the negotiation of good business paper, at 6 to 7 per cent. Exchange for steamer closes as follows:—Loudon, 60 i dos s, 91 to 91; Paris, 5 15 to 6.121; Amsterdam, 4 1 1 to 41 ; Frankfort, 401 tr 41 ; Bremen, 791 to 791 ; llaufbiarg, 34 to 361 ; Antwerp, 5 131 to 5 15. le leading feature in the stock market is the steady increase in price of government bond,. Our quotations show salts of Si: per Cents. of 1867 to the extent of 31,000 dole, at 1221 to I, being an advance of j within the last three weeks. State StO, ke are also in demand at improved rites. New York State Fives of 1858 sold to-day at 109, and of 1862. at 1101 ; Ohio Six per Cents. of IRGO, at 1071 ; Kentucky Six per Cents., 1081; Virginia, 106. Shares in the new Banks are at a small premium, but improving in value. Sales of Continental Rink, at 1021 ; St. Nicholas, 1001; Commonwealth, 1001 ; Bask of Commerce, 1071; Knickerbocker, par; !therms, 121 ; City Bank, 122; U. S. Trust Co., 1051; Erie is steady today at 791 to 1. Crystal Palace, 145 dela. to 156 dots. The cotton markil during the three days past has scarcely varied; the turn, however, although not 'vial to a quota• tir], being in the huyer'a favour. The sales are estimated at 6,000 bales, of whim 3,260 were sold yesterday and 1,400 today. At New Orleans on the 9.h, the market at 91e. to 10c. for low middling, 101 c. to 1010. for middling, and 110. to tile. for good middling. On the su►ject of the growing crop we have nothing new Ito advise, the drought in some sections still prevailing to an alarming degree, while in other quarters rains have fallen. The critical period for the growing crop, the " 15th of July to the end of August," is now approaching, and the weather during that period will he a subject of much in terest. . L. Ord. Ord. G. Ord. L. Mid. Mid. G. MM. Wew Ortega. and •---•- - - • . 91 91 10 101 II 111 Ms Ws, Florida said 9 91 tai 10 101 11 r a wheat the transactions of the last week were large, mad generally at a alight decline on previous rates, puttee liarly on the lower grades, but the favoursble accounts by Ms last steamer have given an increased demand at an ad vance of 3c. to sc. per bushel. In this State the crop i: being h ted in good condition, and we have favourable reports from Michigan and Northern Ohio. Rye is dull at 85e. to 87c. Oats are mere plenty, and heavy. Indian corn remains in a quiet state, with no export demand. The dry weather at the South is said to be doing injury to the crops in that quarter. noun..—Sour flour, 4 dole. 121 c. to 4 dole. 25c.; in spected, No. 2, 4 dull. Soc. to 4 dols. 621 e. ; ordinary to fa vourite State 4 dots. 811 c. to 4 doli. 871 c. ; mixed to fancy Michigan, Wisconsin, and Indiana, 4 dole. 561 e. to 4 dole. ; common to g ood Ohio, 4 dols. 7dc. to 5 dole. ; fancy sad extra Michigan, Ohio, and Genessee, 4 dots. Si &c. to 6 data. 2.5 e. ; Canadian in bond, 4 dole. 94c. to 5 dole. ; Bahl- Mom Alexandria and Georgetown, 5 dols. 121 c. to 5 dole. ; fancy and extra ditto, 6 dole. 50c. to 6 doh. 25c. ; Michenoad City Mills (Haxall and College), 8 dots. ; 'lye flour, 3 dole. 75c.; corn meat, 2 dole. 871 c. to 3 dole. 25c. OltAlN.—Wheat—Ohio red and mixed, per 601139.. 112 c. , . to 118 c. . • ditto white, ditto, 122 c. to 126:1.; 'ditto Michigan, ditto, 12 2 c. to 126 e. ; ditto Geneve, 132 c. • ditto Canadian in bond, 120 c. to 123 c.; rye, per 56ibs., 8,3. to 87c. ; barley (nominal), Me. to G6c.; oats, 36e. to 40c. ; Indian corn, southern and white, per 5611 as , Gic. to 66c. ; ditto yellow, ditto, Gic. to 63c.; ditto western mixed, 63c. to GU. ; ditto Jersey and yellow, 67e to 69c. Freights to Liverpool are more active : Flour, 11. Gd. to Is. 94. ; bacon in boxes, at 23.. Gd.; cotton, Nome bales, p r lb, 1.1. ; resin, le. 71d. ; heavy goods, per ton, 12s. Gd. to 204. 61. ; grain in bulk, per bushel, sd. to 51d. To London : Flour, per bbl., 2s. 3d. ; turpentine, per 2801b5., 28.71 d. ; measurement goods, per ton, 25*. to 395. ; heavy goods, oil, 20s. to 2.34. ; Weak°, per bhl., 2s. To Havre : Cotton, square bales, per lb., Ic. to Ic. ; ashes, per ton, 6 dole. to 7 dole. ; rice, 6 dole. to 7 dots. ; measurement (foods, 8 dols. ; whalebone, per lb., ;le. to Ic. ; flour, 40c. To Glasgow : Staves, 40s. grain, 6d. SAN FRANCISCO, JUNE 13. The general market has been extremely quiet, and we hear of few sales of moment from first hands. The number of country buyers in town thus far this week is quite small, and the jubbiog trade is of course limited in a measure to local requirements. Little freight is going forward to the interior except by the river steamers ; shipments, both yesterday and to-day, have been moderate. Ftotat.—We know of no parcels of Gallego or Hamill offering on the market, and no sales of those brands have transpired. There has been a good icquiry for Chile, and an advance obtained by holders. Sales last evening of 600 halt-sacks, without inspection, at 10 d 01.., 1,400 quarter sacks superfine, to-day, at 11 dole.; 1,000 ivickages (halves and quarters) in lots, also superfine, at 10 doh. 50c.; 600 half sacks, without inspection, at 10 doll. 23c., 1,030 do. do. on p. u. t. ; further sales of about 2,000 packages superfine, half and quarter sacks, in lots, at 10 dole. 30c. to 10 dole. 75r. 450 bbls. Richmond City Mills sold at 9 dole.; Gallego and ilazall are jobbing at 13 dole.; Chile, in original packages, at 11 dole.; quarter sacks of City Pecking, at 10 dole. 26c. GRAIN.—Wo hear of ni transactions. CORN MlAL.—Sales of 150 bbls., on p. n. t. ; 200 half do., at 3 dols. 121 c.; 76 do. do., at 3 dols. 25c. PUOVISIONS.—Tke market is quiet with a small inquiry; pork and beef still remain firm, with rather an upward tendency. Sales of 100 hbls. mess pork, yesterday after noon, at 23 dole ; 100 half do. do., today, at 12 dols.; 65 blds. do., at 2'2 dols. 50c.; 100 bbla. mess beef, to arrive, at 13 (1011. 60c. ; 18 casks ham, at 181 c.; 12 do. do.. at 18c. ; 115 firkin. butter sold on p. a. t. ; 50 do. do., at 20c. ; 120 do. do , in various parcels, at 27c. to 29.7. ; 100 kegs lard on p. n. t. ; 50 do. do., at 13c.; 6,500 lbs., in tin, at 131 c. INDIA MAILS. The Ripon, which arrived at Southampton on Saturday, brought no direct Bombay or China mail. The China packet had not arrived at Ceylon when the mail steamer left the latter place with the Calcutta mill. There has bet n no Bombay mail since the arrival of the Bengal steamer last month. That packet was detained at Alexan dria so long that the Bombay mail, due here the beginning of this month, was brought home by her, so that none reached England, or was expected by the last India mail packet from Alexandria. The reason there is no direct Bombay mail by the Ripon is, that the East India Cora -1 pony had no steamer to convey it to Aden. The news from Bombay by way et Marseilles a few days since was dated the 30th of May, or about seven weeks old, an un usual lon time, when it is ordinarily: not older than from twenty-six to thirty days. All the news and correspondence brought from Bombay by the Ripon was by way of Ceylon through the agency of the Peninsular and Oriental Company's vessels. There would seem to be an unnecessary expense incurred in conve)ing the Bombay mails. There is a steam packet communication twice a mouth between Bombay and Ceylon for mercantile purposes, and yet an expense is incurred for despatching steamers to and from Aden and Bombay, which scarcely carry anything but mails, and these steamers occa sionally fail in reaching Aden in time to catch the home ward packet.. The Perinsular and Oriental Company have resolved to send their steamer Bengal to India soon after her arrival home from Alexandria with the Indian mail the beginning of next week. This magnificent vtssel, the largest in the world, will be a great acquisition at the distant stations of the company on account of the growing importance of China and Australia to this country. She will not touch at the Cape on her way to India, and is expected to roack Calcutta, after calling at Ceylon and Madras, in about 60 days from Southampton. She will only carry out passengers, specie, and parcels. PENINSULAII MAILS. The Oriental Company's steam packet Madrid, Captain J. Hicks, strived at Southampton yesterday, and landed her mails under the charge of Lieut. Robert Reid R.N., Admiralty agent. Her dates are :—Gibraltar, July 14 ; Cadiz, 15 ; Lisbon, 19 ; Oporto, 20 ; Vigo, 21. The Madrid brings the following p.ssengen :—Sir Edward Hutchinson, But., Lady Louisa Hutchinson, Colonel Warren, 65th Regiment, and daughter ; Captain Daub.- nay, 44th Regiment, and wife; Lieut. Hobson, 30th Regi ment; Sir M. Smith, Bart. Her cargo consists of • few caws of wine from Gibraltar. 397 boxes of lemons, 36 boxes of oniony, 6 baskets ditto, 21 packages of sundries, and 70 cases of eggs, 6 boxes of specie, and one bag of ditto on merchants' account. There is no political news of impor tance. From Lisbon to Vigo the Madrid had fresh winds from the north, with a long head sea, and afterwards fine weather and westerly winds. H.M.S. Cruiser was at anchor in Gibraltar on the 14th July. On the 19th July H.M.S. Bloodhound was at Lisbon coaling, from the coast o [Africa, and bound to Spithesd. AMERICA AND GERMANY.—Two additional mail steampacketa are about to run between Bremen and New York, in conjunction with the steamers Washington and Herman. The first a the new steamers will, it is expected, start from Bremen on the Ist of August next. There will then be a fortnightly communication between New York and Bremen, and a monthly one between New York and Havre. The American mail pockets from Havre call at Cowes, on their way to New York, and are invariably crammed with the most valuable merchandise and the most profitable freights ; and the American ships from Bremen which call at Southampton are laden with as valuable a passenger freight. For years past the German emigration to the United States has been going on, and is even more remarkable than Irish emigration to the same country once a month the Washington or Herman steamers convey from Bremen nearly 200 passengers, and thousands of well-to-do Germans have within the last few years been carried to the great western republic. EMIGRATION TO AUSTRALIA.—Oa Saturday last, the Goldtinder, one of the Fox line of packets, sailed from Liverpool with 676 passengers for the Australian ports. The Tasmania, one of the White Star line, will also leave the same port in a day or two, with upwards of 440 passengers. LIVERPOOL, SATURDAY.—This forenoon, about half-past 11 o'clock, the British sad North Americvn Royal Mail steamship Niagara, Captain Leitch, sailed from her moorings in the M. rsey for Boston and Halifax, with the usual mails for the United States and B h North Ame rican possessions, 1.511 passengers, and a large cargo of valu able merchandise on freight. Her mails were CA ' d out in chug, of Lieutenant Wards, R.N., Admiralty agent. BATHING CASUALTIES.—Lott week a gentleman, named Pitt, a resident of Jersey, visited with his family one of the bathing establishments in that island, and seeing apparently something the matter with two bathing machines that were in the sea at some distance, took up a telescope, by means of which he discovered that the machines were filling with water from the flowing tide, and that the boys and horses attending them were vainly attempting to drag Ow latter to shore. Mr. Pitt rushed into the sea, and met one of them, which had been dragged out of immediate danger. It contained two ladies, one of whom jumped into the water, and reached the shore in safety ; Mr. Pitt went to the us,idance of the other lady, but as she was out of danger she begged him to go to two ladies in the other machine, which wee filling, and Ilcely to topple over. Mr. Pitt accordingly walked and swain towards the second machine, which contained a mother and daughter. At the request of the latter, he saved the mother, by swimming and dragging her out of deep water: and then returned to the assistance of the daughter ; he was, however, too exhausted to swim with her to @bore, but other assistance was soon *heisted, and the whole party were got safe on land. cue court. OSBORNE, SATt !WAY, JULY 23, 1953, 9 A m The Queen has passed through the measles in the most favourable manner, and her Mejesty is now convalescent. No further bulletin will be iss red. JAMES CLARK, M.D. HENRY HUMAN!), M.D. The Duchess of Kent, attended by Lady Anna Maria Dawson, drove out in the grounds yesterday. Prince Albert and Prince Erocat of Lainingen rode on horseback in the afti moon. The Duchess of Kent and Prince Ernes., attended by Lady Anna Maria Dawson and Sir George Cuuper, tat Osborne this meaning for London. Sir Henry Holland has also returned to Landon. OSBORNE, JULY 24. Prince Albert and the Prince of Wake rode out on horseback yesterday afternoon. Comet Werthern Bilehlingen, Grand Chambellan, ar rived at o.borne yesterday, trona Weimar, with ',tiers for her Majesty, announcing the death of the late Grand Duke, and the accession of his Royal Highness the reign ing Grand Duke of Saxe Weimar. The Hon. Mary Seymour bits succeeded the Hon. Flora Macdonald as Maid of Willmar in Waiting. The Duchess of Kent attended Divine Service yesterday in the Chapel Royal. St. James's. The Duchess of Kent visited the Princess Royal and the Princess Alice, yesterday, at Buckingham Palace. Iler Royal Highness alai) visited the Duchess of Gloucester at Gloucester House, Piccadilly. The Duchess of Kent, accompanied by Prince Ernest of Leiningen, and attended by Lady Anna Maria Doti and Sir George Couper, arrived at hi r residence, Clarence house, St. James s, on Saturday afternoon, from a visit to her Majesty at Osborne. The Duchess of Cambridge and the Princess Mary visited the Duche , s of Kent on Saturday, at Clarence-house. The Duchess of Kent, accompanied by the Duchess of Cambridge, the Princess Mary, ai.tl Prince Ernest of L?in. ingcn, honoured the performance of German Plays with her presence on Saturday evening. The Chancellor of the Exchequer and Mrs. Gladstone left town on Saturday for Windsor. Despatches were received on Saturday at the Colonial office from the Guvern•am of flcng Koug, Ceylon, Sierra Leone, the Gambia, the Coast, Malta, and the Lord High Commissioner of tho lonian Islands. Despatches were sent on Saturday to the Governors of all the above dependencies. A Cabinet Council was held on Saturday afternoon at the Foreign-Ware, Downing-street. The ministers present were the Earl of Aberdeen, Lord John Rus sell, the Lord Chancellor, Earl Granville, the Duke of Argyll, the Marquis of Lansdowne, Viscount Palmerston, the Earl of Clarendon, the Duke of Newcastle, Sir James Graham, Sir Charles Wood, the Right Hon. Sidney herbert, and Sir William Molesworth. The Council sat three hours. METROPOLITAN POLICE.-DEPUTATION TO LORD PALMERSTON. On Saturday a joint deputation from the vestry of St. James's,Wtstminstvr, andithe Cannuissiuners for Paving and Improving the District, waited upon Lord Palmerston at the Home-dam Sir JOHN Sunt.tav, Bart., M.P. for Westminster, in troduced tho deputation, and read the report, which ob jected to the cost of the police, in comparison with the aid and assistance they :tendert d to the public, and pointed out several specific grievances which required immediate re form. Sir J. Shelley stated that he could corroborate that part of the report which alluded to the unequal distribution of the force. In riding from his house to the Home office, to meet the deputation, he bad counted four policemen on duty on Constitution•hiii—s number which could not be required there when her M .jesty was out of town, whilst in some of the streets not a policeman was to be seen. Mr. Nrl..vot4 stated that the cost at the police to St. James's was double what they formerly contributed. The population had increased .i 0 per cent., wont-half, but the cost of the police for the metropolis (allowing for extended districts and extra services) had been nearly doubled,and it now amounted to the enormous sum of upwards of 400,000/. per annum. The inhabitants had no control over this expenditure, and no means of improving the eflie;ency of the force. Under the Police Act a minimum rate amounting to 6d. is the pound is levied, whether required or not, and owing to the increase of buildings, and the assessments, the amount so raised is more than adequate, and balances of from 40,000/. to 60,000/ remain unappropriated, at the end of the yoar, n the hands of the commissioners. The introduction of the representative element was essentially necessary; it might be done by a police committee in every borough or district of the metropolis, somewhat similar to the police committee of the City, a very useful link between the ratepayer and the police commissioner. Local grievances were by . . this means made known at head-quarters. It would also be a great improvement if one of the commissioners trans acted his business in an open court, where any person could lodge his complaint, in.tead of making it known as at present by means of correspondence or deputations. Measures of this nature would nor destroy the government ' control, but would tend to economise the expenditure, and add to the efficiency of the force. Mr. Geesin, Mr. Clark, Mr. Bedford, and Mr. Nicoll, also addressed the Home Secretary. Lord PALMiIUiTON said, with reference to the open court, he was afraid it would take up too much of the time of the commissioner; but it was suggested that some person deputed by them might attend at certain times to hear complaints; the present system of promotion was a source of emulation to the policeman. He could not hold out any hope of decreased expenditure; he would, how ever, send the report to the Police Commislioners for their consideration. PRESERVATION OF HAMPSTEAD HEATH. On Saturday afternoon a meeting of artists was held at University College, " to consider what measures should be taken by the artists to preserve Hampstead heath and the neighbouring grounds in their present state for the purposes of art study, Rod with this view to urge their acquisition by the public ;" having been convened under a requisition signed by Sir Charles Eastlake, Mr. C Stanfield, Mr. C. U. Cockerel', Mr. Mulready, Mr. C. Landseer, Mr. C. W. Cope, and several other eminent artists. The chair was taken by Mr. COCKERELL. Mr. G. Futcr moved that a petition be presented to her Majesty for the preserve ion of the heath for art study. Thieproposal basing been seconded by Mr. Stanfield, Sir W. NEWTON proposed, as an amendment, that a de putation of artists should be appointed to wait upon Sir Thomas Wilson to confer with him respecting Hampstead Heath and the adjoining grounds. On a show of bends being taken the amendment was lost, and the original resolution c icried by a large majority. On the motion of Mr. Cruikshank, seconded by Mr. Eddie, it was resolved that Prince Albert, as the patron and encourager of arts, should be requested to take charge of the petition. On the motion of Mr. C. Lucy, seconded by Mr. Doyle, a committee was nominated to carry out the object ; end the proceedings terminmed, at the instance of Mr. Stanfield, with a vote ot thanks to the chairman. ROYAL COLLEGE OP SURGEONS.—The following gentlemen having undergone the necessary examinations for the diploma, were admitted members of the college at the meeting of the Court of Examiners on the 22nd inst.: Messrs Isaac Mennen Williams, York; John Seger, Ainsdalc, near Southport, Lancashire; Robert Brown, Winterahielda, Cumberland; Edward O'Niell, Mitchel's town, County Cork ; William Lee Dawson, Cloughran, County Dublin; Evan Pierce Williams, Denbigh, North Wales ; Thomas NVindsor, Piseadilly, Manchester; John Macloghlio, South Australia; William Renry Jones, Lon don; George Mauls. Slaughter, Farningham, bent; and Christopher Young, Yarm, Yorkshire. NEW ORGAN FOR MARLBOROUGH COLLEGE.— A fine large organ has just been completed, destined for the ' chapel of Marlborough College, Wilts. It consists of three rows of keys, namely, a great organ, choir organ, and swell ing organ ; and has two octaves and a third of large pedal pipes, extending to CC C, 16 feet. The compass of the keys is of the German scale, titularly CCto F in alt. The great and choir organs each contain nine of the most ap proved stops, the swelling organ eight, including the diaocton, an invention of Mr. lieldich, the builder of tl.is organ, which has the power of niaking every single stop in the swelling organ equal to two. This large instrument is supplied by one pair of bellows mly, and from the arrange menU of the couplers the stops of pipes are brought into play, so as to give all the grandeur of a large continental organ three times the size. STRIKE OF TILE HULL POLICE.—HULL, SATUR- Dalt.—An agitation has been going on far some time past in this town, amongst the pollee, to obtain an advance of their wages from 18s. sd. and 16s. sd. a week, to 21s. 5,1. and 19s. dl. The watch committee have refused to accede to the request, and the consequence is that about 30 of the men have resigned, and about 50 refuse to do duty but will not resign. The watch committee have this day been sitting to receive applications for the vacant situations, but they hail not hail a single application. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge, and Princess Mary, accompanied by the Grand Duke of Meck lenburg Strelitz and the Baron L. ich, honoured Mr. Albert Smith's " Ascent of Mont Blanc" with their presence on Saturday afternoon. - • APPOINDIENTS.—Mr. William Musgrave Sher rington is appointed First Clerk in the Customs Department Sierra Leone. Mr. William S. Field is appointed Sub- Collector of Customs at Port Elizabeth, Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Thomas Graham is appointed Crown Commissioner, Surveyor, and Engineer, Turk's Island.-05serrcr.