The Express. — London, England, 1853-01-29 00:00:00

Cite ensrefsl4. A snood Limos TM Esprois," assioaise to suss rfookire l.sisdie," I. pabilstiol ow, Toosisy ►M Friday slit, is Om . . . . . _ Or rat A tie I veruw•t. tower/m.l Nit "n• Fs prer l / 2 " Las Sea twos pew, fts4 be at qv. ofies. iv, eakvirtimiresi. by Tve cisidesk ea UN day of pablesokm. nlOll WATIR AT LONDON BILIDOR. ?ins D44—Nenim 41 :41a...„....A1ber0wi1. 31. I'm 14. , 441•04.-11onons. bli.lo.....—Aftwauce. la. Ns. LONDON, SATURDAY, JANUARY 29. A rM. of singular interest and importance, as re gards the liberty of conscience, was brought before the Piedmontese Chamber of Deputies, some days ago. It appears, from the speech of M. linorriato, that certain proceedings of a criminal nature have recently taken place xt Genoa against a gentleman named .%lAtztfront, on a charge of holding and dis seminating Protestant opinions. The accused is, described as a member of the medical profes,ion, and is said to have been the friend and associate of Cap tain R.N.. w hose sympathy in the cause of MAPt ti has rendered his name of late familiar to the public. An unauthorised version of the ficriptines is stated to have been found in the pdssession of the pri sober at the time of his arrest, but what the precise nature of his religious exhortations may have been to those with wkom he was accustomed to assemble for the purposes of prayer, we are not in formed. 'I he Piedmontem Chamber of Representa tives, to their honour be it spoken, did not deem it secessary to ask the question ; neither do we. All that is known, in addition to the foregoing facts, is that, after a trial conducted with closed doors, M. MAZZINGIII was pronounced guilty of a violation of the ancient penal law enforcing religious uniformity, and that he was sentenced to three years' imprison. ment. The deputy by whom these startling facts were brought before the Sardinian Parliament gave notice of his intention to pat a series of questions on the subject to the First Minister of the Crown. On the 1 following day, however, Count CAVOUR anticipated the interpolations of M. BROYIERIO, declared on the part of the Oovernment his regret and disapprobation of what had been done by the Ecclesiastical autho rities of Genoa, and promised to lay on the table in the course of a few days copies or the limes letter of grace and pardon. It is impossible not to see the effect which this manly and determined act on the part of the Piedmontees Government is calculated to produce upon the public mind, not in the dominions of Vicrou EMANUEL alone, but throughout all Italy. And wherever else the menacing hand of intole rance is raised, this honourable and timely act of defiance and resistance will kindle senti ments of hope and joy. The friends of persecution have had the folly and temerity to raise the great question of liberty of conscience in a State where there is a free Parliament and a free press. The people of Piedmont are Catholic—the religion of the realm, as established by law, is Catholic—the KING and Parliament are Catholic: but the liberty of public discussion exists ; journalism, representation, and ministerial responsibility prevail, and therefore it is thst the liberty of individual thought cannot with impunity be violated, even in tho name of ancient laws. Public opinion, founded on right and justice, refuses to be bound by antiquated prescription, and those who madly invoked its autho rity have only drawn upon themselves discom fiture and shame. Surely if ever there was infatua tion it is among the High Church party under whom the bulk of Italy still roans. With a true perception, however, of the import ance of bringing the laws into harmony with the national sense of right and justice, the public feeling of Piedmont now demands that the intolerant enact ments under which M. MAZZINOHI was prosecuted should be formally abrogated. It is truly argued that so long as the liberty of conscience and of worship guaranteed by the constitutional charter are specifi ally denied by unrepealed statutes no man is safe from vexatious molestation, cost, a nd danger. It is possible that the clerical faction may stir up elements of discord in the Chambers, when the n Pro position for this purpose comes to be m e il e r r iut— 1 should it be so—all this will only further tend to serve l the can.. of truth and progress. It has only been by centuries of public discussion and open battle be tween the laity on the one side, and a usurping priesthood on the other, that the sac red right of non conformity to established dogmas, rituals, and beliefs has been secured by the greater part of Christendom. If in Italy, Austria, and Russia, civil government is still the instrument of High Church principles, and dill outrages the great truth that every intelli gent being is directly and individually accountable to Oon for his thoughts, words, and deeds, and to (lon alone, it is benuse in each and all of these down-trodden lands liberty of speech and liberty of printing, trial by jury, and representative role, are unknown. For civil and religious liberty are twin sisters, and, though sometimes found for a season existing apart, are ever drawn one towards another by inextinguishable sympathies. Had Tuscany a Parliament the Kunst would not pine in dungeons. Piedmont, because she has a Par liament and a press worthy of the name, is able to vindicate the insulted rights of peaceful prayer and praise in the person of a humble and uninfisential citizen. We lately made an appeal to enlightened Catholics in England which we trust will not be in vain. We called upon them in no spirit of disrespect or reproach to co-operate with their Protestant fellow-subjects in the noblest common cause which can bind men together. We reminded them of the many eminent men professing their own faith who, in our own times, claimed the concession of equal civil privileges kr the members of their communion upon the broad and irrefragable round of political right and justice. And we adjured them not to stiffer the golden opportunity to pass unimproved foe showing _the sincerity of the professions made on their bermlf in favour of entire religions equality. Religious pumessition in the most undisguised form is notorismig envied on in Italy. Yet, with the exception it ISO honourable and learned member of the United Indinonent, no protest, no remonstrance that we are snow of has proceeded from any Catholic in these reams. That gentleman, at a public meet ieg held some time ago in Dublin, and consisting of persons chiefly, if not altogether, of the Catholic per suasion, boldly and manfully denounced the atrocities committed hy the Tuscan Government against the defenceless Manua. The meeting is reported to have cheered the sentiments of this tolerant Catholic. The instincts of the many are generally sound. But it is impossible to forget that on the same occasion another member of the House of Commons did not hesitate to avow the most opposite opinions; and that ever since the occasion in question total silence has prevailed among English Catholic, on the sub ject. The example furnished by the Kixo and Parliament of Sardinia will not, we trust, be without its influence upon the silent abettors of intolerance. FARMERS, AND GAME LAWS. TO TIM 201701 Ot_THl ?SPRITS. completely are the class feelings of landowners en ! listed in the support of the game system, and so en tirely arc the farmers and country labs/seers under their control, that the true and full history of produced mischief is comparaly untold. Some e such flagrant case as that of i t =Rawki's ones sionally arouses an editor to indignant com ment, and then the matter Amps. But compara tively little is known of the game system, from the overt instances of mischief which come be fore the public, who can form no conception of the extent of injury to the agriculture and the morals of the country from game-preserving, by even tho very worst eases of rural savagery it may be the province of the press to record. The winter sacrifices of human life and social morals our game preservers annually make to the hare and the pheasant, bad as they are, will be found trifling in comparison with the constantly operating evils of game and the game laws. The impediments to good husbandry and the' improvement ot land, the depression and vexation of !tenant-farmers, the creation in every rural district of a nursery for criminals, the more than suspected par-', tiality of justices' justice in aught that concerns game, the ill-blood so commonly generated between Landlords and tenants and between neighbouring owners of land about game, and a host of other per manently existing economical and social ills caused by the game system, are amongst the worst chronic diseases of our community. And hero let me note an instance of the clear sound common-sense view which the practical Duke of Welliogton took of this subject. As a part of his position, in compliance with tue usages of his class, the Duke doubtless considered the preservation of game on his estate to be one of the duties of a landowner, and as he did everything well, he had extensive and will-stocked preserves. Why and wherefore he afterwards abandoned game preserving, or that he did abandon it, was probably not known beyond the immediate district in which his estate was situated ; but on the occasion of the Duke's death, when all the incidents of his public end pri vate Life have an interest for the public, the opinions of the Duke on tame . preserves and his prompt re duction of such opinions into practice, have been !strongly brought out. A correspondent of the Diildirs Evening Mail, affording some reminis cences of the private life of the Duke of Welling ton, stated that on one occasion " one of his game keepers was killed in an affray with poachers, who were arrested and convicted. He immediately or dered his well-stocked preserves to be thrown open, saying he would not allow his men to be murdered and other people to be transported for the sake of a parcel of birds and some paltry game." Let me com mend the Duke's conduct as an example to his class, which, for their own sakes and that of the commu nity, they will do well to follow. I Hitherto the landowners have resolutely shut their I eyes to the evils of game preserving, and probably would still continue to do so, had not low prices compelled farmers to examine very closely into the causes which render it so difficult to find the means of paying their stipulated rents. The shrewder land lords begin to perceive that something must be done, or pretended to be done, about the game to satisfy their tenants, but instead of inquiring into the subject fully and fairly, and then frankly affording the only relief the case admits of by abandoning game, they resort to all sorts of shifts and devices. Some give up the rabbits to their tenants, others resign the hares also; but of all the cool attempts to throw dust in the eyes of tenants about game, the manifesto of Sir James Graham, which has appeared in your columns, was about the most mischievous I have met with. By that circular, "Sir James Graham, unso licited, has pleasure in notifying to his tenantry that they have his permission to hunt and kill hares and rabbits on their several and respective farms, be tween the hours of sunrise and sunset—the time for killing hares being limited to the usual period, from 27th September to 27th February. Neither guns nor snares to be used." Now, mark the value of this permission. Hares may be hunted—that is, coursed with greyhounds during the season they are strongest, and during which it is next to impossible to kill them down so u to prevent a great number remaining to breed between February and September. And it is just in the spring and summer that hares do the most harm ; they eat down the wheat and other crops day by day, so as to render a thoroughly good I crop of any absolutely impossible. They eat roads 1 through the grain crops almost up to harvest, de vouring much but destroying still more than they devour, by nibbling the straw at the joints for the sake of the saccharine matter those joints contain. And Sir James Graham's permission to his tenants to " hunt and kill" hares is just that a keen pre server would give to a sporting friend, the limita tions imposed being such as are necessary to main tain a "good head of game." If the complaint of farmers about game was that the landlords take all the "sport" and that they get none, then Sir James's proprio mots might be well enough ; but the complaint is that hares damage the crops. It is not a question of sport but of money, of a living or a loss from their business, with the farmers, and unless they can destroy, extirpate the hares, they have gained nothing Then the permission to hunt and kill rabbits is a still more ludicrous mockery, for unless " hunting" these vermin includes the catching them with nets and ferrets, which seems scarcely possible, I know not how they are to be destroyed at all. I can only say that notwith standing the utmost vigilance on the part of my men, and the constant use, throughout the year, of guns, snares, traps, and other means of destruction, I cannot keep my farm free from the pest of hares and rabbits, several of my neighbours preserving them during the spring and summer months. Then what is expected from the tenants in gratitude for a permission to kill hares and rabbits, I have shown to be altogether illusory. "This permission will be con tinued until further notice. During its continuance Sir James Graham confidently expects and trusts"— what a delicate hint from a landlord !—" that such a concession on his part will induce all his tenants, by themselves and their servants, to preserve the winged game on their respective farms, to the utmost of their power for the amusement of himself, his family, and friends. He hopes that they will cordially co operate with him in putting down the baneful prac tics of poaching, and would suggest that every te nant, acting up to the spirit of the obligation con tained in his agreement, should, when engaging his servants, make it &condition that any unfaithfulness discovered on their part, in respect to the preser ration of game, will be considered sufficient ground for im mediate dismissal." A more ingenious attempt to convert tenants and farm servants into auxiliary game-watchers, I have never met with. By putting forth such a command, for such it is intended to be, Sir James Graham exhibits far less knowledge of men and things in rural affairs, than, judging from what I have heard and read of his improvements and his speeches on agriculture, I should have expected. And it is mainly because Sir James professes to be, and to some extent I believe is, an improving land lord, that I notice his very nonsensical and impracti cable circular about game preserving. His tenants have leases, but from the reference he makes " to the spirit of the obligation contained" in the tenants agreements to preserve the game, farmers may judge of the position they place themselves in when they consent to the insertion in their leases of any reser vation of the game to their landlords, and covenants to preserve and protect it. If a landlord means honestly to defer to his tenants' wishes, aye, and to act up to the spirit of the contract he has made with them, let him discharge his gamekeepers and give up the game at once and for all to his tenants. 'I hen he will have, with their hearty goodwill, a certain stock of partridges on his farms which his tenants will be able and willing to protect for his amuse ment. But I say advisedly, that on the cultivated l lands of this populous country no wild beast, I or bird larger than a partridge, can be pre served without such an excess of restriction and watching, as must offer immense impediments to huabandry,and cause much demoralisation amongst the labourers. Farmers must not, and will not, any , longer undertake to do that which is practically ice-1 possible, to cultivate land on which some other per son and his servants have the right to rear and pre serve, and the exclusive right to destroy, wild crea- , tures. Hares, pheasants, rabbits, cannot be kept on highly farmed land without doing the most serious injury—so much, in fact, as to render the results of the farming certainly unprofitable ; and partridges, if kept at all, must be kept in strict subordination to agricultural objects, of which the farmer is the only proper judge. Hence any reservation of game limited solely to partridges, with power to the land lord to send his keepers over the land, and with co- Jill,—Aiii sure to be the case at this season, during the long nights of winter, your columns dis close from time to time some of the lamentable results which arise from the existing system of game pre set-Nation. Yon recently reported the confession of a suspected poacher, which discloses the extent of demoralisation caused by game, setting oar working classes fighting man to man like savages for the sake of a few paltry birds. I see and hear on all sides declared wishes for the elevation of the working classes, which doul;tless are sincere and well in tended ; and until recently, since free trade has enabled all who are willing and able to work to help themselves, there were not a few schemes of philan throphy and benevolence afloat, on which many per sons placed some reliance for popular improvement. I know nothing to which a clear headed sod resolute philanthropist could more usefully devote himself than to inquire into and elucidate the direct and in cidental operation on the morals of our rural districts. He would be astonished at the extent and the in veteracy of the evils dependent on game preserve,. lion, and nearly all the influential persons of those districts are more or leas implicated in its perpetus tion. But for the press the influences of game laws and game preserves in producing disorder would re ceive even less attention than they now do, but so 'TEE JIMMIES, SATURDAY EVENING, JANUARY 29, 1853. cements by the tenant to protect them, would be nearly as much open to objection as the usual reserva tion of all game, for the landlord and his gamekeepers that arc constituted the judges of the question whe ther the game be or be not too numerous, and all the interference with farm management caused by pas reservations will exist in full force. The farmer must not trim his hedge rows, he must not cut or plough up his stubble' till late in the year, he and his per vents must be harassed with a set of gamekeepers, his fields will be stuck all over with bushes to prevent netting the partridges, and guns, clop, and eats being prohibited, other wild animals, rooks, wood-pigeons, and the like, are sure to become nu merous and destructive. On land, therefore, let for agricultural purposes, landlords cannot have fairly, and ought not to expect, any other amusement in the way of sporting than the tenants, as matter of cour tesy, can afford to offer them. This will be limited to a moderate stock of partridges; and over that the legal right of the tenant must be abeolute. Where they want more they must keep their farms in hand, and make the use of the land for husbandry se condary to its use for preserving game. Possibly this may be more expensive than preserving game at the cost of the tenants, who have been so unwise as to consent to the reservation of game ; but landlords, more than other people, have no right to indulge in recreations they cannot afford. Let this truth—viz., that on farms let for agricultural purposes no wild animals larger than partridges can be kept—be un derstood by both landlords and tenants ; for mode rate prices at home and foreign competition will soon force it upon their attention, whether they like it or not, and it will then be seen that the proprietor who indulges in the noxious luxury of game pre serving must keep his preserved lands in his own occupation. A curious illustration of what I have said, that game preserving and farming cannot go on together successfully on the same laud, is to be found in the evidence given by Colonel Challoner before the Game Law Committee. He offered himself as a witness in defence of the game laws, and stated in great detail his own practice of preserving game on a thousand acres of his own land and farmed by himself ; the object being to show that good farming and game preserving are not incompatible. But it came out on cross-examination that Mr. Challoner's own bailiff and gamekeeper could not agree. He said, "I found there was always a difficulty between my bailiff and my keeper; that the two things did not go on well , together; inasmuch, if the crops wero not good, I I found fault with the keeper, and if the game was not plentiful I found fault with the bailiff; therefore, I have united the person of keeper and bailiff." Can anything be more significant or conclusive ? The gradual extinction of wild animals as popula tion and cultivation advance is a law of universal operation, and the system of game preserving in this country is an attempt to interrupt that natural and necessary law. Even in the Highlands of Scotland deer and black game can only be preserved in land cleared for the purpose of all more useful occupants. For in stance, I found recently, in the Inverness Adver tiser, a notice of a "rumour" current in that district that the Duke of Richmond intends to nuke Glenmore a deer forest. In that project I trace the frame of mind and temper whic h led him so strenuously to defend the artificial scarcity of human food produced by the corn-laws, that he might keep up his own rents. It is true that the land on which these deer forests are formed belongs to the aristo cratic proprietors, who prefer deer and blackcocks to industrious men or profitable sheep, and " may they not do what they like with their own ?" And in their own circles doubtless such an argument is deemed to be unanswerable ; but when I hear these men talk so loud about the necessity of protecting property, and of their apprehensions of admitting their humbler fellow-countrymen to political power, and see them thus desolating whole districts for the promotion of their own "sports," I cannot avoid thinking that our aristocrats are so intent on enforc ing the strictest rights of property that they are apt to forget its duties. A MIDLAND COUNTIES FARMER. INDIA. THE OVERLAND MAIL. MARSEILLES, JAN. 28, Two P.M. The Euxine is arrived with the East India mail. Dates—Calcutta, Dec. 22; Bombay, Jan. 3; Alex andria, Jan. 1 ; Malta, Jan. 25. No news of im portance. Trade lively. Indigo market appears to open at much higher prices than those of last year. Exchange in Calcutta, 21. 0/d. to 2s. ld. FRANCE. PARIS, FRIDAY EVENING. The future Empress has just written a letter of thanks to the Municipal Council of Paris, for the kind offer they made of a rich diamond necklace and other costly presents (parure), intended for her Ma jesty. The Empress, at the same time, preferred that the sum should be applied to some liberal or charitable purpose. The Municipal Council have accordingly decided upon the founding of a house of education for poor young girls. The Moniker announces that not a single ticket is left for the approaching ceremony. The Members of the Senate, the Legislative Body, and Council of State are notified in the same journal that they must appear in grande tens, with white trowsers. The first business of the Senate, at its approach ing session, swill be to provide a dowry for the Empress. The work of preparation at Notre Dame proceeds night and day. T • he towers will be surmounted with immense masts, now in course of erection, from which will wave splendid oriliammes. AU the streets and quays through which the Em peror and Empress are to pass on Sunday, going to and returning from the Cathedral, will be decorated with the national colours, waving from Venetian front of the Hotel de Ville, before which the imperial cortege will pus on Sunday, on its way to the Cathedral, is to be splendidly decorated with flags and hangings, in which wil l appear various inscriptions complimentary to the Emperor and Empress. Some little inquietude is at present manifested in Paris, on account of several cases of decidedly Asiatic cholera having occurred in various parts of the city. The two eons of Baron James de Rothschild (Al phonse and Gustave) have been legally constituted members of the house of Rothschild Brothers, of which the articles of partnership have been renewed for eight years from the 30th Sept. last. This morning's Moniker announces the official reception of the French ambassador at the court of Russia, M. de Castelbejac, on the 15th inst., with his new letters of credit, on which occasion the Czar ex pressed the great satisfaction he felt at the renewal of official relations with the government of his Impe perial Majesty of France. There has been a general decline on the Bourse to- day in securities of all descriptions, and very little business doing. The Three per Cents, fell 40c., the Four-and-a-Half 50c.. and Bank Stock 10 francs; the closing rates being, respectively, Three per Cents., 79f. 95c.; Four-and-a-Half, 104 f. 60c.; Bank Stock, 2,810 f. Although the weather is not very promising a great many visitors have arrived in Paris to witness the pageant of Sunday. The grand master of the ceremonies has given notice that he has not a single ticket for a seat in Notre-Dame left to dispose of. He takes the opportunity of announcing that nobody will be admitted to the cathedral without a ticket —a fact which was pretty well understood be fore. The square in the interior of the Louvre, through which the procession will pass, will present the appearance of a garden in midsummer. Evergreens and flowering shrubs have been already planted in the basin filled with mould for their re ception, and trees in full leg, brought from hot houses, will line the central ravel walk. The new Rue Rivoli, much of which is yet in an unfinished state is being rapidly levelled and cleared. Poles, ornamented with streamers, will be placed through out the whole line of the cortege. The Hotel do Ville will be dressed out with flags, and long streamers will wave from the towers of Notre Dame. The Emperor and Mdllu de Montijo received tha sacra- I meta togth.r yesterday in the chapel of the Elysee. The Bishop at Naney, the Emperor's almoner, offi ciated. As everything tenting to Mademoiselle de Mon tijo throws all other news into the shade, I send you some extracts from a letter, not intended, it is said, for publicity, which appear in the columns of the Petrie. The signature appended is, I presume, that of the author of the letter: " PARIS, JAN. 27, 1853. • • • " Here are a few particulars relative to our future Empress. I can guarantee their authen ticity. For the rest, here, as in the provinces, all that relates to Mademoiselle de Mont ijo excites the utmost curiosity, and, I may add, the greatest sym pathy. You already know how entirely the qualities of her mind and heart, joined to a rare beauty, render her worthy of the throne whiclushe is called by the Emperor to share. " I will not speak of the parentage of Mdlle. de Montijo. The newspapers will have informed you that she belongs to one of the oldest and most illustrious families of Spain. Her mother, the Countess de Montijo, resides alternately at Madrid and Paris. In both cities she occupies the high position belonging to her rank and fortune. At Madrid especially she lives in a princely way. She has a magnificent palace there, and gives splendid soirees. A single tact will give you an idea of her high station. You know that Spanish etiquette is still excessively strict, and that, as in the time of I'hilippe 11., it makes the Queen a prisoner in her own palace. Isabella 11. has made an exception in favour of the Countess de Montijo, by going several times to her balls, and this extraordinary favour being much observed upon, a high personage ac counted for it by the remark that the house of Mon tijo, which also bears the name of Guzman, had con tracted several royal alliances. "The Countess de Montijo determined that her daughter should be educated in Paris. The services rendered to the imperial cause by the Count de Mon tijo made France for her the country of her predi lection. This education and the reception she after wards met with in the best Parisian society, deve loped in Mdlle. de Montijo sentiments and tastes already traditional in her family. A grand seigneur of Madrid occe reproached her, by way of joke, with being as much French as Spanish. I have a right to be so,' she replied eagerly—alluding to her father —' it may , be truly said that for me i/ n'y a plus de 1 Pyrenees. Wes there a prophetic presentiment in these words? However that may be, this entirely Parisian spontaniety proves that her mind is as emi nently French as her soul. " Intelligence and goodness are in fact the distin guishing qualities of Mdlle. Montijo. At Pena, as at Madrid, she constantly surrounds herself with a host of the poor and needy, to whose wants she ministers with a charity inexhaustible. Here is an instance, taken from a hundred others : While yet a young girl she was once passing through a little town to Spain with her mother. In the market-place she perceived two pale, half-starved children paraded before the public on a showman's caravan. The poor little ones appeared exhausted with hunger and fatigue. At this piteous sight the eyes of the young girl filled with tears. She stopped the carriage and begged her mother to allow her to take away the two children. On her mother signifying assent, she jumped out of the carriage, rushed to the caravan, emptied her purse into the hands of the proprietor, and carried off in the carriage the two little beings rescued from vice and misery. At Madrid she pro vided for their immediate wants and future career. " The history of Mdlle. de Mon tijo's whole life is studded with similar anecdotes. She passed last season at the waters in the Pyrenees. Her reputation for benevolence soon spread in the neighbourhood, and the poor flocked from all parts to implore her charity. - Madame de • • *, who was in the Pyrenees at the time, has told me that she has ofttn seen her coming out of a miserable hovel, whither she had been the bearer of succour and consolation. When she left the Pyrenees she was universally known as /a bonne demoiselle. This touching appellation says more than anything I could add. "The gifts of her mind and heart are heightened by the graces of beauty. From the first moment of her appearance in Parisian drawing-rooms she created a great sensation. Her face unites the most piquant contrasts of the north and south. She is fair, with blue eyes, which become almost dark from their sparkling brilliancy. Her limpid and penetrating glance gleams with sweetness and intelligence. Her form, above the middle height, gives her an air of distinction, reminding one that her escutcheon is three times noble. In short, to no one so justly as to her is the common saying applicable, ' She was made for a throne.' " I am convinced that the opinion I here express to you will soon be shared by all France, and in par ticular by the Parisian population, who will have the opportunity of observing the young Empress nearly. , She said a few days since, will make myself loved by the French people d force de book." It is indeed Impossible that she should not win the love and respect of a people which, better than any other, understand the graces of mind and the refinements of the heart. "COUNT DE BLANZAC." GERMANY. Letters from Heidelberg state that Gervinus ar rived at that university on the 24th. His cause wu to have been tried yesterday, the 28th. The Cassel Gazette of the 24th states that by a re solation of the cabinet the "Introduction" of Gervinus is prohibited throughout the electorate on account of its destructive and immoral tendency. The correspondent of the Neue Prussian Gazette writes from Konigsberg on the 22nd, that Gervinus's book was seized there on the previous day. This is probably a simple freak of the police, and is doubt less by this time annulled by orders from Berlin. At Erfurt, a few days before, the police confiscated a new work called "Flowers of Jesuit Morality," con- listing of extracts from the Jesuit books of morals contained in the Royal Library at Berlin. As the originals themselves were tolerated, the absurdity of confiscating portions of them was manifest, and by an order sent from Berlin the unintelligent interdict was removed. The Berlin papers generally regard Louis Napo leon's speech, delivered this day week, in a light peculiar to themselves, and u intended to usher in a period in which France is to stand in a position of voluntary and ill-humoured noisier' from the rest of of Europe. The Kreuz Zeitung, which represents the views of the cavalier party in Prussia, has the following upon this subject: MONTENEGRO. A private letter from Trieste of the 23rd, confirms previous intelligence of the compelled withdrawal of the Montenegnns within their own frontiers, and adds, that the mountaineers have suffered consider able loss in the operation, besides the destruction of several of their villages. Omer Pacha was preparing vigorously to continue the movement for the chastise ment of the Montenegrins, and intelligence of great importance was looked for by the next Lloyd's boat. The writer also especially cautions ns against the party coloured statements with which the Austrian press is now supplying Europe on the progress of events on the Montenegrin frontier, and adds, on the faith of letters from Scutari and Antivari, that the recent ac counts of losses sustained by the Turkish army are pure fabrications. THE FATAL COLLIERY ACCIDENT NEAR BRISTOL. —Banerot, JAN. 28.—The coroner's inquest, in reference to the late fatal eccid.nt at the Shortwood Colliery, Mangots field, was this day resumed on the body of Bennett, at the Bristol Royal Infirmary, before J. B. Grindon Esq., coro ner, and a highly respectahle jury, and appea red to excite a good deal of interest. Mr. Bush, solicitor, _attended to watch the proceedings for the proprietors , and Mr. Cossham, the acting partner, was also present. Mr. Mackworth, the government inspector of collieries, attended by direction of the Secretary of State for the Home Department, and took an active part in the incp,iry, which lasted several hours. Several witnesses were examiaed, and the coroner having sammed up, the jury returned a verdict of "Accidental death." THE BUSINESS TN THE GENERAL POST-OFFICE is getting of immense importance. It appears that the last East India mail, which arrived at St. Martin's-le•Grand in the afternoon, could not be touched that day, and the cor respondence for the provinces was not forwarded until the morning mails were despatched the following day. Either a larger building for the business of the General Post-office will shortly be required, or a fall 'MIT of officials mast be employed the whole of the day and night. cm court. WINDSOR, JAW. The fourth Dramatic Performance at the Castle took place this evening. The pieces selected upon this occasion were a comedy In three acts, by John Poole, en titled " Paul Pry," and a serithcomic afterpiece in one act, by Alfred Wigan, entitled " A Lucky Friday." At eight o'clock her Majesty the Queen aid Prince Albert entered the Rubens Room, accompanied by the Prince of Wales, the Princess ltoyal, Prince Alfred, and the Princesses Alice, Helena, and Louisa. The Duchess of Kent, the Princess Adelaide of Hohenlohe, the Earl and Countess Granville, the Duke and Duchess of Argyll, the Baron and Baroness de Brunnow, the Count and Countess de Lavradio, the Marquis of Breadalbane, Viscount Can ning, the Right Hun. the Speaker and Mrs. Shaw Lefevre, Sir Charles and Lady Mary Wood, Sir Edwin lAndseer, and the ladies and gentlemen in attendance. The perform ance immediately commenced, the parts being filled accord ing to the following programme: ' PAUL PRY. Colonel Hardy Mr. Bartley. Frank Hardy Witherton Somers Mr. Brasier. Stanley Harry Stanley Paul Pry Mr. Wright. Grasp Doubledot Simon Mr. Lindon. George Mr. Stacey. Elias Hardy Marian Mrs. Subtle Pbmbe Miss Woelgar. A LUCKY FRIDAY. ........... —..... Paul Raimbunt .. Mr. Alfred Wigan. Mr. Sharpe Mr. Wilkinson. Joe Sharpe Mr. Meadow.. Andrew Stapleton Mr. Hermann Vcsin. - Mr. Hardham Mr. J. Chester. Bessie Stanford Miss Carlotta Leclercq. Director Assistant director Mr. George Ellis. The theatre arranged and the scenery painted by Mr. Thomas Grieve. The Queen's Private Bend wasin-ettendanee. In addition to the guests visiting at the Castle who ac companied the Queen after dinner, the following had the honour of receiving invitations to witness the dramatic per formance:— The Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar and the Countess of Dornburg, the Counte , s of Mansfield and two Ladies Murray, the Lady Emily Seymour, Lady Caroline and Miss Barrington, Lady Louisa Kerr, Col. the Hon. C. B. and Mrs. Phipps, Col. the Hon. Charles and Mrs. Grey, the Dean of Chester, the lies. F. and the Hon. Mrs. Anson, the Hon. Adelaide Vernon, Sir Theodore and Lady Brink man, Mr. and Lady Charlotte Bruges, Mr. and Lady Emily Cavendish, Mr. and the Hon. Mrs. St. George Caulfield Vice-Admiral and Mrs. Sykes, Colonel M'Douall (com manding officer), Lieutenant liawksley and Lieutenant Hamilton of the 2nd Life Guards, Colonel Angentein (commanding officer), Lieutenant-Colonel Hamilton and Captain Higginson of the 3rd Battalion Grenadier Guards ; Mr., Mrs., and Miss Erery; and Mr. and the Mimes Vincent. Refreshments were served to the company in the Throne room. His Royal Highness Prince Albert, accompanied by the Duke of Argyll, the Right Hon. the Speaker, and Sir Charles Wood, went out shooting this morning, attended by Colonel the Hon. C. B. Phipps and Lieutenant Colonel k. H. Seymour. Sir Edwin Landseer has arrived at the Cutle. The following had the honour of dining with her Majesty Serene : Her Hoye Highness the Duchess of Kent, he r Serene Highness the Princess Adelaide of Ilohenlohe, the Earl and Countess Granville, the Duke and Duchess of Argyll, the Baron and Baroness Brunnow, the Count and Countess of Lavradio, the Marquis of Breadelbane, the Lady In-Waiting to the Duchess of Kent, the Baroness de Speth, Viscount Canning, the Speaker and Mrs. Lefevre, Colonel the Hon. C. B. Philip', and Sir Charles and Lady Mary Wood. The band of the 2nd Life Guards attended in the Castle I durinarchg dinner, and played the following selection : M. OverttuT, "La Siren." Maher. wag; ' Prague" Grand eelectlnn, Xaritana" Quadrille, "Don Pasquale" Coate. La Retraite Polka, " Vire la joie" Stasny. Oalop, "Corsican" Stratus. God save the Queen. Her Msacety's private band afterwards attended, and per formed the following compositions : Overture (Op. 142) Selection, "Marie" Romance, "Outdo et Omens" Hale ry. Maned, "Zweikacapl" Spahr. The Bishop of London, Mr. Cotton, and Mr. Kingscote had an interview with the Earl of Aberdeen yesterday at his official residence in Downing-street, respecting the sub division of parishes. Mr. Robert Lamont, of Liverpool, had en interview yes terday with Mr. Cardwell at the Board of Trade. Viscount Harding. had also an interview with the right hon. gentle man. The Duke of Newcastle left town yesterday for his seat, Clumber-park, Notts. Despatches were sent yesterday from the Colonial-ofEce to the Governor-General of Canada. (Molt LAST MONT'S GAZKTTE.) WAR-OFFICE, JAN. 28. 46th Foot. —Major-General Richard Egerton, C. 8., to be colonel, vice ti 1 John, Earl of Stair, K.T., deceased. sth Regiment of Dragoon Guards.—Lieutenant George Kershaw Sidebottom to be captain, by purchase, vice Hamilton, who retires ; Cornet George Sapte Burnand to be lieutenant, by purchase, vice Sidebottom ; Cornet Thomas Lewis Hampton, from let Dragoon Guards, to be cornet, vice Burnand. 14th Regiment of Foot—Lieutenant John Echlin Matthews, from the Ist West India Regiment, to be lieutenant, vice Coon, who exchanges. 26th Foot.—Lieutenant John Henry Blake, from half-pay of the Royal Canadian Rifle Regiment, to be lieutenant, vice Nicolls, promoted, without purchase, to an un attached company. 16th Foot.—Ensign Charles Henry Lambert to be lieu tenant, by purchase, vice Rotton, promoted ; Lieutenant Richard Harbord to be adjutant, vice Rotton, promoted. 49th Foot—Captain Frederick Augustus Wethcrall, from ' the Rifle Brigade, to be captain, vice Stopfurd, appointed to the 88th Foot. 50th Foot —Ensign Anthony Molloy Fawcett to be lieute nant, by purchase, vice Cliffe, who retires; Quarter nester Alexander Fair to be paymaster, vice Dodd, de ceased; Lieutenant Patrick hPLongblin, from half-pay, Rile Brigade, to be quartermaster, vice Fair, appoint e d paymaster. 86th Foot.—Ensign Charles Wells Hogge to be lieutenant, by purchase, vice Sir Henry H. Edwudes, Bart., who retires. 88th Foot.---Captain Charles Philip Joseph Stopford, from the 49th Foot, to be captain, vice Forman, appointed to the Rifle Brigade. 92nd Foot.—Lieutenant Arthur Wellington Cameron to be captain, by purchase, vice Smith, who retires. Rifle Brigade.— Captain Edward Rowland Formals, from the 88th Font, to be captain, vice Wetherall, appointed to the 49th Foot. let West India Regiment.—Lieutenant Chidley Samuel Coot., from the 14th Foot, to be lieutenant, vice Matthews, who exchanges. tad West India Regiment.—Lieutenant John Deane Reece to be captain, by purchase, vice Harnett, who retires; Ensign Francis Robert Charnock to be lieutenant, by purchase, vice Reece. Ceylon Rifle Regiment . — Lieutenant Edward Frederick Tranehell to be captain, without purchase, vice Steele, deceased; Second Lieutenant William Dobyne to he first lieutenant, without purchase, vice Tranchell. Cape Mounted Riflemen.—Brevet Colonel John Austen, from half-pay, unattached, to be lieutenant-colonel, Tie* Napier, who exchanges ; Major Charles Henry Somerset to be lieutenant-colonel, by purchase, vice Austen, who retires; Captain George Jackson Carey to be major, by purchase, vice Somerset; Lieutenant Thomas White Goodrich to be captain, by purchase, vice Carey ; Ensign Thomas John Lucas to be lieutenant by purchase, vice Goodrich. fftwee.—Brevet-Colonel Arthur Wellesley Torrens, of the 23rd Foot, to be assistant-quartermaster-general, vice Brevet-Colonel Richard Airey, unattached, appointed Military Secretary to the General Commanding in Chief. 101MISSARIAT. Assistant Commissaries-General: Ro bert Lindsey, Thcmas Rea, Gilbert Hamilton Dinwid die, Oliver Goldsmith, to be Deputy Commissaries- General. Deputy Aso; - "^—missaries-General—lium- phrey Stanley Jones, James Lane, George Home, l Henry Ashton, Henry Priaulz, Frederick Death- Waite, Thomas Wroot Midwood, Charles Anthony Horne, William Palmer, to be Assistant Com missaries-General. Commissariat Clerks— E. Mills, William M. Rogers, P. P. Harris, Arthur Hay, David Standen, Donald Maclean Joseph Marsh, Frede rick Sackville Macgregor, Joseph M. Gaudet, George Rennie, to be Deputy Assistant Commissaries-General. —Their commissions to bear date 6th January, 1853. ERRATUM in the GaziAto of the 21st of January, 1853. The officers represented therein as having been appointed to the 11th Dragoons, and 12th Dra goons, and to the Ist Regiment of Foot Guards, were ap pointed to the 11th Light Dragoons, the 12th Light Dragoons, and to the Ist (sr Grenadier) Regiment of Foot Guards, respectively. MEIIO/LANDUIL—The date of the commission of Henry Clark Worthington, gent., who was appointed ensign in the 28th Regiment of Foot, by purchase, vice Gubbins, who retired, in the Gazette of 21st inst., is 21st January, 1813, and not 21st January, 1843, as stated in the said Gault. The Christian names of Ensign Gregg, 91st Foot, are Henry William, and not William Henry. OFFICE OF ORDNANCE, Jaw. 27. Corps of Royal Engineers.--Second Lieutenant Charlet, Elwin Harvey, with temporary rank, to be second lieu tenant, with permanent rank. ADMIRALTY, Jaw. 19. Corps of Royal Marines.—Second-lieutenant Francis Wal ton to be first-lieutenant, vice J. E. Lock, deceased. NEW DEPUTY-LIEUTENANTS. MONTOOMEILYBIIIItE. Edward Conroy, Esq., and Charles Vaughan Pugh, Esq. EAST RIDING OF Robert Rance+, Esq., Chorea Pelsant Dawson, Esq , butt HAIFOIOD, Esq., and William H enry Harrison, LKI. Ross-some. Keith William Stewart Mackenzie, Esq., an d Hugh Mackenzie, Esq. THE MILITIA. The following commissions have been signed: Edward HouWitch, Esq., to be captain, vice llawhin, superseded, in the 2nd Somerset Re g i men t o f Mil itia. William Henry Spurway, gent., to be ensign, rico J. F. Nicholls, promoted to ditto. Captain James Talbot Stanley, to be captain, vice Strang. ways, resigned, in ditto. Frederick Stoodley, gent., to be ensign, vice Newberry, resigned, in ditto. William Ward Abbott, Esq., late captain in the 3Gth Re giment of Foot, to be captain, in the South llama nee. ment of Militia. Hugh Hamon John Massy, Hq., late captain in the 11th Regiment of Foot, to be captain, in ditto. ELEMENTARY DRAWING. The following is a list of place s which, during the last three months, have made appli ca ti on to t h e Department elementsry of Practical Art for assistance i n t eac hi n; draw ing, and shows the extent to which the public appear de sirous of availing themselves of the new facilities offered Aberdeen, Ackworth, Allenheads, Hayden Bridge; Aw e , Andover, Arley, Ashford, Banbury, S ea b ir d, B at h , Berk bamstead (Great), Betabanger, Bidale, Biggleswade, Bir mingham, Bishops Stortford, Blandford, Bolton, Bolton-le- Moor, Bourne, Bradford, Brecknoek, Bridgnorth, Bristol, Broughton Hackett, Bury St. Edmund's, Cambridge, Car. lisle, Carmarthen, Castletown, Cheater, Chichester, Colches ter, Cowes (West), Davenport, Derby, Doncaster, Ducken field, Dudley, Dumbleton, Dunham:3., Durham, Edin burgh, Ellesmere, Eton College, Exeter, Falmouth, Ferry Bridite, Fiahguard, Glasgow, Glourestvr, Gulden Grove, Guilden Morden, Haleeowen, Ilawarden, Hudders field, Hull, lbstock, Ilfracombe, Ipswich, Jersey, Lan caster, Leeds, Leicester, Liverp o ol, Llanelly , Luddon. Lynn, Macclesfield, Manchester, Marsharn, Melton Mow. bray, Merthyr Tydvil, Newton Abbot, Northampton, Northbourne, North Sitields, Northwick, Nottingham, Nuneaton, Oldbury, °smotherley, Uswestry, Utley, Paken ham, Penn, Pensnett, l'erth, Presteigne, ?tartan, Reigate, Rye, Saffron Walden, Salford, Sanbach, Sheraton, Slaith waite, South Stoneham, Spalding, Staly Bridge, St. An drew's, St. Austell, St. Ewe, St. Germain's, Sudbury, Sun derlaud, Tamworth, Torquay, Totteridge, Tunbridge, Tyldesley, Elverstone, West Ham, Weymouth, Will en h a ll , Windsor, Wolverhampton, Wooburn, Wootton-ander-Edge, Wrexall, and York. Metropolitan Schools applying have been in Adelelds Bethcal-green, Clifford-street, Goswell-street, Gray's-ion road, Great Marlborough-street, Haverstock-hill, Kenning on-oval, liensiagtoe, Stockwell, and West Brixton. MR. GLADSTONE AT OXFORD. On Thurstisy some friends of Mr. Gladstone enter tained him at luncheon in the hall of Balliol College. His health having been drunk, he made a speech, in tho course of which he said--He would venture to say that, if the House of Commons afforded any criterion of public opinion, I that opinion was, en the whole, friendly aml respectful towards the University, but that the retaining of that confi dence and respect depended much on the course now taken by the University itself. There were resources, both pecu niary and moral and intellectual resource•, which were not brought to bear on the proper work of tie University, and which might be brought to bear upon it by such improve ments as had already been commenced in some of the col leges. With respect to that within whose walls they were assembled, he could say with satisfaction that he believed it was doing nearly the utmost that could be expected trona the means it possessed. But it was well known that in other cases there were large resources not hitherto so use fully applied, and he trusted that all would cu-operate in the endeavour to justify themselves in the eyes of the country by making the best use of their means for the ad vancement of education. If the University would do its duty in this respect, especially by extc►ding its advantages to more of the classes it now receives, and to as many as may be practicable of other cluses, who partake less of its benefits at present, he felt confident that the country and the parliament of England would maintain its independ ence, and would only desire that it should continue to put in practice those fundamental principles on which it had ever hitherto worked, of the authoritative inculcation of religious truth, and something like a domestic superintend ence of pupils. But the continuance of public confidence depended on the course now pursued by the University. For himself, however be might fail of his duty as the re presentative of the University, it could not be for want of an affectionate regard for its interests. METROPOLITAN SEWERS AND POLICE ADMINISTRATION. MEETING OF DELEGATES. Last evening a meeting of the delegates from va rious metropolitian parishes took place at the Marylebone Court House, for the purpose of considering the present position of the metropolis with regard to the Metropolitan Sewers Commission, the Buildings Act, and improvements of the metropolis, the Metropolitan Police and County Rates Assessments Bills, and to make arrangements for deputations to member of the gover nmen t u p on t h ose subject'. Mr. J. A. Nicholay, of Marylebone, was called to the chair; and delegates from all the metropolitan parishes were present. Mr. T. MARSH NELSON, of St. James's, went into the I history of the sewer commission, and showed the mis management of which they had been guilty. He thought that that meeting of delegates could not do better than to adhere to the resolutions they bad passed in 1851 and 1852, when 22 of the largest parishes of the metropolis combined in one unanimous opinion. He thought that they should go to Lerd Palmerston and to Sir William Molesworth, and enforce upon their attention those same principles, and call upon them to bring in a bill to carry out the object, and to give local control, not only with regard to the sewers com mission, but the police, and other matters also. lie moved the following resolutions : Szwans.—Resolved—" That the only mode in which the administration of sewers can be put on a sound and perma nent footing is by the adoption of the representative system, and that the deputation urge upon Lord Palmerston and the government to take the whole matter into consideration with a view to a measure being adopted for the administra tion of the sewers upon that principle." BVILDINOS ACT.—Resolved—" That a deputation wait upon Sir William Molesworth, Bart., to represent to him that the Metropolitan Building Act has had the effect of injuriously limiting the size of houses, aad consequently to have been a chief cause of the confi ne d and miserable dwel lings of the humbler classes in the metropolis ; that it has encouraged bad building, and has been the means of cover ing the suburbs of the metropolis with thousands of wretched hovels, which are a disgrace to a civilised country, and that the future legislation upon this subject should embrace a system of representative control." Ponca —Resolved, " That the deputation press upon Lord Palmerston the necessity of fulfilling the pledge given by Sir George Grey in 1847, to bring in a bill to amend the Polies Act, 3 and 4 Wm. IV., cap. 89, by the operation of which a minimum rate is assessed on the metropolitan parishes at 6d. in the pound." The resolutions were carried unanimously. Mr. T. SMITH moved " that copies of the resolutions be forwarded to the respective ministers (Lord Palmerston ' and Sir William Molesworth), requesting early appoint ments to see the deputation,. That copies of the resolu tions be forwarded to the vestry clerks of the several metro politan parishes, informing them that applications have been made to the ministers for interviews for the deputations, and requesting that they will convene immediate parochial meetings to appoint delegates to attend the deputations. That the gentlemen present form the deputation, with power to add to their numbers, and that this meeting do adjourn until summoned to receive the answers from either or both of the ministers." This resolution, was also carried. A vote of thanks to the Chaiiman terminated the pro• ceedings. MRS. CIIIBIIOLM ON FEMALE EMIGRATION..--Last evening Mrs. Chisholm delivered a lecture on female emi gration at the Sussex Hall, Leadenhall-street, to a great number of members of the Jewish persuasion, for whom the lecture was especially intended. Mrs. Chisholm, on proceeding to address the meeting, was received with loud sheers. She stated that it was a fact that rates of wages in Australia were very high ; and from letters she had re ceived, nursemaids were getting 251. a year, and housemaids 20s. per week. Ladies in the highest ranks in the colony were obliged to do their own work. But high wages would not influence her ; the female character needed something more. That would not satisfy the mind of British parents, who were anxious that their children should have that ma ral protection which such an occasion required. She stated that she could not advise single females to go to Port Phil lip at this season of the year, for house room there was hardly to be obtained. Sydney offered greater accommo dation, and wages were also good there. She cautioned them against selling anything on their arrival at the colony, as there were many deceptions practised towards the effq grant to induce bins to sell things for less than their value. She considered one of the worst features of the present system of emigration was the separation of husbands from their wives and families, and she lamented that the accom modation offered to men to remit home money to their wives was so limited. Mos. Chisholm then gave seine useful domestic advice to those present as to their outfit, the care of children during the voyage, the selection of berths, &c., &c. In alluding to taking houses with them to the colony, she said that by doing so nothing would be lost, while the chance of gaining something was great. She advised them, on taking a berth, to stipulate with tut, shipowner for 12 or 1.5 per cent. more space than the act of parliament required. At the conclusion of Mrs. Chisholm 's address, Mr. Ooldsmid moved a vote of thanks to her, which was heartily responded to, and the meeting, which was so large that crowds were outside unable to obtain admit tance, separated. THE UNITED STATES MAIL STEAMER HUMBOLDT arrived at Cowes yesterday, on her way to Havre. Her English mails and passengers were landed at Southampton yesterday afternoon. She left New York on the 15th mt. The news by this arrival affords no addition to that breugbt by the Asia, which left New York on the lith inst.