The Express. — London, England, 1846-10-10 00:00:00

Pries 3d. each, or 3e. tor IS copies for distribution amongst Cottage Tenantry. THE COTTAGER'S CALENDAR of GARDEN OPERATIoNII.—By Imam PAXTON, Gardener to hi. Greco the Puke of Devonslairc, &C. Rc. Reprinted from the .` Gardeners' Chronicle." Above 25,000 hays aitsed) teen sold. African Du Agivint Aniiinonca Annuals Apple* Apricot Auriculaa BC4A6 Biennials Mick fly Moto, list of, far Cot- turrns Honig° Boreetiie Box eil 4.ags Brumli Brussels sprouts Budding Bu Cubtugo Cactus Caleeollrias allWrnrm Annuals CarnAtions Carrots Caulirluwers Celery Cherries China .titers Chine ito ries onAc Chives kias Cl/limbs Collo:v.4u Ooleworto Cress toepers Crocus Crown Imperials Ctictimtivni Coltiv : ition of Flowers in Windows Currants Dahlias Daisies Doies-tenth Violeta Exhibitions, preparing artichu for Terns, as protection Publifthed at "THE GAzrn r." Mice. 5. Unt Fruit aimeberries Orating Orem fly Thrums* iice: lierbaccous Tens- male Heliotrope Hollyhocks Honeysuckle Hyacinths Hydrangeas II nsvop Indian Cress Ins Kidney Beano Lavender Layering Leeks Leptosipbans Lettuoe LoWhits London Pride Lyehnis, Double Marigold Marjorum Manures Marcel of Pero Mignonette Mint Mustard Nareisaus tkiliotitera barons Onions Profiles Parsnip Parsley Peaches rea-haulm Pairs Peas Pe1.1.101111110/ Perennial Persian Iris PetUniss PlllO% 117.0 wing ITTFILAL (iIkIIDENEte CMILON Kg. .. 0 Pigs Pinks Minting Plums Polyanthus ►otatoes Privet Pruning Propwate by cuttings Prramintha Itadbases Raudisculus Raspberries Rhubarb Rocket& Roses Hue Rustic Tana Sege SAlrias Savor Saxifrage Scarlet Runner Beans Seeds Sea Daley or Thrift Sea Kale Select klower. Select Vegetables and Fruits Snails and Slugs Snowdrops Spinach Spruce, Fir Spur pruning Stocks Strawberries Summer Savory Sweet Williams Tbxti fledge* Thyme 'Media Pam'ania Transplanting Tree lifting Tulips - Turnips Vegetable Cooker? Venus's Looking-glass Verb4nas Vines Virginian Stock Wallflowers tVlllows Zinnias AND AGRtCI'l.fl awL .an Ix ark., prog. MAILS. The West India mails, excluding thoso for Mexico, Ilondneas, anti Havana, will be made up on the morning of the 17th October. The mails for British North Americ ti and the United States, will he made up on the evening of the 17th October. The overivwl TARP for Gibraltar, Malta, Greece, the lonian Islands, Egypt, Aden, Cry los, India, lioug-Kong, and China, r:o Southampton, will be mule up on the morning of the 20. h October. The overland clawed mails, via Marseilles, to the Mediterranean, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, 'long-Kong, &c., will be made up on the evening of the 24th October. The mails for New South Wales, Van Dieman's Land, will be made np on the 31st October. TO CORRESPONDENTS. We cannot notice, in any way, any communication that la sent to oa anonymously; but thine who chow. to address us in oonfidence will find them contidence reepected. NEITHER CAN WE UNDERTARE TO RETURN ANY MANUSCRIPTS WeIATEVER. Advertiaementa intended for The Express must be at the Office by Two o'clock on the thy of publication. 111611 WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE. THIS DAY. —Morning. 5 mln. past 5; Afternoon, 27 min. past 5. TO-1101110W. —Morning, 50 min. pant 3; Afternoon, 14 min. past 6. LONDON, SATURDAY, OCT. 10. WE have already directed the attention of our readers to the phenomena, alike startling and warn ing, which the state of the corn-market presents. The returns for the six weeks immediately following har vest time, show a regular advance in the price of wheat, instead of that regular decline which took ' place through the corresponding period of last year and the year before ; and which is, indeed, the ordi nary and natural course of things. The fact is the more remarkable, inasmuch as the harvest of this year, if not one of great abundance, is by all accounts a fair average, and considerably better than that of last year. Yet prices fell weekly last year, from harvest to the end of September, notwith standing the deficiency. What is most extra ordinary of all, is, that the tendency to advance has overcome the effect of a sudden liberation of above two million quarters of foreign corn in bond, which had accumulated in the earlier part of the year, pend ing the protracted discussions on Sir Bonner PEEL'S measures. The price of wheat, subsequent to har vest, has had to contend with an influx consi derably exceeding the entire aggregate of im portation through the years 1344 and 1845. And yet pri?es have ranged as high (and rising instead of falling), now that the duty is only Bs. per quarter, as they did when it was 18s. and 20s. per quarter. The lust September average for the present year is 535. ld. ; for that week in 1845, it was 535. 4d. ; and in 1844, 455. 9d. Were the duty still the same, this comparison would be alarming, taken in connexion with the steady course of a rise in the one case and a fall in the other. But we must re member also that, for the year ending sth of Ja nuary 1845, the high average duty of 175. 2d. was actually paid by the importer. To correct the com parison, this amount, minus the duty now paid, should be deducted from the prices of that year;-or, which comes to the same thing, the difference added to pre sent prices, which are thus advanced to upwards of 60s. per quarter, at what is ordinarily the time of lowest depression, and always followed by a period of advance towards the highest rate as winter comes upon us. These figures are more eloquent than any words. To the thoughtful, they come in aid of " every day's report " of the progress of distress. If they present no picture to the imagination, of individual privations or of emaciated and clamorous multitudes, yet they demonstrate to the coolest judgment that such things are, and must be, and are about to be fearfully multiplied. They are enough to make the calculator imaginative, and to raise the gaunt figure of Famine amongst the inexpressive figures of statis tical computation. It is just to Sir ROBERT PEEL that we should not forget how much the present burden is diminished, even by the operation of his temporary law. The diminution in cost of the corn delivered in the port of London, supposing it regulated by the difference of duty from what it would have been under his former law, is about 7000/. weekly. The metropolis has to thank him for sparing an enhanced outlay on its bread, at the rate of above one-third of a million per annum. That is something, even amongst so many; petty and infinitesimal fraction as it is, of the beneficial results of his measures in the general inte rests of the community. This is a portion of what he did, and his cavilers resisted. Against this, and incalculably more than this, was Lord G. BENTINCK natrageous, and Mr. DISRAELI sarcastic. That bread does not rise by pence instead of halfpence the loaf, thank Sir ROBERT PEEL. He can afford, as he tells the inhabitants of Wolverhampton, in his reply to their address, to be "little disturbed by the imputa tions which have been cast upon him." The mate rials of a proud vindication are already fast accumu lating in facts, even amid the confusion and alarm of most unpropitious circumstances. It seems, indeed, that a free-trade policy is likely first to be tried as a mitigation of calamity, rather than as the impulsive power of industrial enterprise and prosperity. The deficiency of the cotton crop is a serious and gloomy adjunct to all the other diffi culties of our condition. It strikes at the right arm of our manufacturing strength. And under this event ful combination of disastrous influences, it will be well if reproach be not aimed at free-trade principles by ignorance or sinister design. They will be charged with promoting the evil which in reality they are abating, as much as their recent and imperfect adop tion enables and allows them to abate it. The occa sion will exist for a continual comparison of what must be endured and struggled against, with what it would have been had the old system been adhered to ; the system of restricted trade and artificial scarcity. Every adverse fact is an additional motive for that more rapid pn;sress towards the complete extinc tion of the food monopoly which we have already so earnestly recomlnenderi. All the provision for time to enable ;mricalturists to at pt their plane to the new policy, which the present was framed to bestow, is secured most amply by the state of the world's markets. Every excuse for the temporary sliding scale is annihilated. Providence has suspended its intended action by far mightier agencies. Its work is done. The continuance of the machinery is only pernicious and dangerous. Besides the topics to which we have adverted, a source of peril is showing itself in the policy of the defeated Protectionists, as avowed by its Quarterly organ. An effort will be made to render the temporary law permanent. Monopoly owns to no compact with the people. It recognises no implied peace or truce in the di,,banding of the hostile forces. In the dissolution of the League, it sees, not an appeal to its honour, but an advantage for its cunning. It is tempted by the hope of perverting the Free Trade Act, as it perverted the Reform Act. Though not the wholesale plunder of the old laws, yet there may be some pretty pickings out of poverty and hunger, by the new law. Why not prevent a future conflict by that immediate extinc tion of remaining protection which the exigencies of the country require? Monopoly is a state prisoner, under sentence of death in February 1849. How is such a prisoner treated, when a movement is made for his liberation and perpetual enthronement ? His treaty keepers have a decisive duty to perform when the danger becomes imminent. Let the official guardians of doomed monopoly perform their duty. There is present mischief and misery to abate, as well as pros pective peril to avert. The fitting reply to those who declare there shall be bread-tax perpetual, is that it shall exist no longer ; but cease at once, in any form, to aggravate the difficulties and distresses of a strug gling people. THE tide has turned in St. Pancras, and swept Mr. HOWARTH from his " bad eminence," the vestry chair. On 'Thursday a meeting was held, and a reso• lution passed (by a majority, however, of five only), " that this vestry consider the reasons assigned by Mr. LEE for dismissing the man Whirr from the carpen ter's shop, are most unsatisfactory, frivolous, and absurd. The vestry do therefore respectfully request the directors will immediately cause the said man WHITT, to be re-instated in his former occupation." Mr. HOWARTH was chairman. He votkd with the minority, which included, besides, seventeen directors of the poor. On the announcement of the result, Mr. HOWARTH indignantly declared his intention to resign the chair ! This awful threat was received rather cheerfully than otherwise. In fact it was welcomed with " great cheering." And WILLIAM HOWARTH, like CORIOLANUS, left his ungrateful fel low-parishioners, followed by " groans, hi.,ses, and other marks of disapprobation." We doubt if he can find the consolation of llottsce's miser : Populist me aibilat ; at mihi plaudo Ipse domi." _ . He has received his deserts from the parish. Ile has yet to get the same meed from the Commissioners. Against all material effects of their blame his charac ter of director probably secures him. Indeed, if he be as thickskinned to official, as to public censure, rhi noceros-like he may defy them. Ile has displayed a courage worthy of a better cause ; but nothing in his chairmanship " became him like the leaving wet." We regret one thing,—that the motion of Tuesday was not more comprehensive. We are the more disappointed, because the motion carried at Monday's meeting of the rate-payers was so much more likely to bring out the real facts of St. Pancras workhouse management. That motion recommended " that a committee of vestrymen be appointed to inquire into the conduct of all the officers of the workhouse, and espe cially to consider the propriety of adopting the sug gestion of Mr. HOWARTH of not allowing any pauper to hold any office in the house." It was carried by a majority of 21 to 9 ; but we have not heard whether the recommendation has been acted upon, and a com- mittee of investigation appointed. The debate on this motion furnished several fine illustrations of the Howarthian spirit. It began with a declaration from the foreman of the jury who sat upon the body of MARY ANN JONES, that the investigation by the directors was not satisfactory to the ratepayers. Mr. WHIT FORD could not get a copy of the directors' re port, which he thought " reflected very great dis credit on the disposition and mind of the men who drew it up." This insinuation aroused the ire of Mr. }Lowman. Ile protested against it. The report, he declared, was "unanimously agreed to by all." So much the worse. In this case, there is not one HOWARTH ; there are seventeen of the family ; a pro portion much too large for the health of the parish and the comforts of its paupers. But " unanimous" is, perhaps, in Mr. HOWARTH'S eyes, a compara tive term. In this case it was the result of an hour and a hairs stormy discussion. Mr. llowman is a bar rister, and should be potent with juries if he is in the habit of educing unanimity out of such elements. Assurance goes a long way with twelve men in a box, and may have succeeded as well with a score of directors is a committee-room. Mr. HOWARTH next made a dexterous side-blow at Mr. COOPER, his scapegoat ; and with respect to the observations of the foreman of the jury, asked, with one of those delicious outbreaks of dignity which every now and then make him so irresistible, " how it could be ex pected that the directors could ;nix theinselres xp with strangers or with coroner's juries ?" Misery makes a man acquainted with strange bed-fellows indeed, when a dead pauper brings a barrister, and churchwarden, and director to boot, into contact with a coroner's jury ;—a low set who meet in pot houses, and pass " absurd verdicts" condemning their betters of inhumanity and neglect! Mr. HOWARTH had, afterwards, another fling at Mr. COOPER and the coroner. It is amazing how vigilant he is when the unhappy surgeon is before his self-consti tuted court. He is " wax to receive " bad impressions of Mr. COOPER, and " marble to retain" good ones of Mr. LEE. Mr. DOUGLASS subsequently moved a reso lution, "that this meeting approve of the conduct of the Directors of the Poor in inquiring into the conduct of Mr. COOPER respecting the death of ABR tHAIIS." On this Mr. WHITFORD'S amendment, above given, recommending the apppointment of a committee to investigate the workhouse manage ment, was moved and carried, as we have already de scribed. Mr. HOWARTH, upon this, declared that "the directors had satisfied the Poor-law Commissioners." We are inclined to echo the remark of "Walker,' with which a rate-payer received this assertion. That the Commissioners are satisfied, we shall be very much surprised to hear. How far Mr. HOW.UaII is aware of the fact, except by a gift of prophecy, which he may possess in addition to his other talents, we cannot imagine. Mr. DouGLAss, one of his brother directors and staunch supporters, asked, only a few minutes after this assertion, "if the meeting had not better wait to hear the report of the Poor-law Commissioners before they made this inquiry ?" So it appears the report is not yet made. Has Mr. HOWARTH been behind the scenes ? Certain Somerset House revelations of last session render the possibility far from remote. But the investigation by the Commissioners deserves a few words to itself. Wedo not know hew far the pub lished reports of it are to be relied on; hut, if accurate, they exhibit about the most remarkable specimen of an investigation on record. How ARTII himself could not have made a worse. It should be bound up with the report, and the pair labelled as " The investiga tion in which nothing was investigated, and the report in which nothing was reported on." On Friday of last week, says the newspaper report of this official visitation, " A minute survey was made of the house ; dimensions of black-hole, oakum-room, yards, feather-room, much maligned shed,' solemnly taken; means of ventilatioa examined;" and so forth. Then commenced the examination of witnesses in the board-room. Mr. LEE was produced and ques tioned, and must speak for himself, as no one was called to speak against him. Mr. Lee, the master of the workhouse, on being sulked whom be deemed refractory paupers, answered, "Persons who are *moon to be of skid acid loser eharacter,and disorderly persons generaay speak ing. Sometimes persona am placed. there who Willa symptom o f disorderly conduct in the workhouse and infrinna eld he regulations of the estab lishment, and who am repratedly adanitted Into the place after having bees allowed to depart." The Commlisiener ; "Can you inferrn oa why the young man Buck ingham was plated in the refractory ward I" —Mr. Lee : "An individual was ordered to be consigned to that place for confinement, when Buckingham improperly interfered in his brhall. Permas of disor derly habits in the house, or out of it, and able-bodied applicant., women a, well na men, who conduct themselves improperly, are also placed therein." The Commissioner : "Who determines o n their mimisaiim P"—Wit. nee: " I exercise my 0114 discref ion, but generally bring the matter before the board at their next sitting." The Commissioner proceeded to interrogate the witness at great length as to the rations produced Dente the board at their recent inquiry.—Mr. Lee, in reply, astsured the covinsiaioner that the rations produced were a fair sample, except the ballot • of beef. lie was serving the KWIC to the oakum ward that day, it harms been left from the Sunday previously. Ile further stated that the minutes of the house had arrays supplied to them the true weight and quality of erery article, in precise accordance with the dietary table. lie writs quite certain that the sample of the porridge and broth exhibited to the board were of the some character an that tonally allowed to the pauper.. The porridge would necessarily become thicker when cold. - . - . _ So far so good. This is a very forcible statement of Mr. LEE'S case. Nothing can be more satisfactory— to Mr. LEE and Mr. HOWARTH. But where is the examination ? We want the paupers who swore to the very reverse of all this ; and the guardians who confirmed their testimony. Where is Warn? Where is Mr. SMITH ? and where—in a word, where is everybody except Mr. LEE himself? Even on his own showing, however, Mr. LEE must be regarded as a person rather unsatisfactory in his definitions. His definition of a " refractory pauper," for example, is a specimen of the idem per Mena. By refractory paupers Mr. LEE understands " dis orderly persons generally speaking"—much too gene rally speaking, we would suggest to Mr. LEE. Then we don't exactly like the notion of Mr. LEE " exer cising his discretion." We should imagine it rather a skittish animal to exercise ; given to bolting and shying, and kicking and biting, and general habits of viciousness and ill-temper towards paupers. Mr. LEE " assures" the Commissioners that everything is as it should be. This is proof of nothing but Mr. LEE'S power of assurance ; and that was amply proved already. Miss STONE'S examination is to the same tune. No body is called to disprove her assertions, if disprove able. She makes out an excellent case for herself. And thus, we are told, " The commissioner concluded his examination." A very pleasant mockery indeed ; _ . and, if correctly reported, worthy of all that has pre ceded it. But we cannot believe the accuracy of the account. The paupers were examined. LEE and his accusers were confronted. Miss STONE was not allowed to have it all her own stony way. Though we find no mention of these facts in any newspaper. If this be otherwise, and the report of " the exami nation" be a true one, it is time that the Poor-law Commission took its place among other mockeries, in the Limbo of " shams." THE more detailed account of the state of affairs at Wellington (New Zealand), which we this day pub lish, arc, on the whole, re-assuring. We feel confi dent that the handful of regular soldiers on the spot, in co-operation with the armed and organised settlers and friendly natives, are quite adequate to repel any attack RANGIHAEATA might be fool-hardy enough to venture upon. The Calliope can cover any point along the shore line from Porirua to the mouth of the Hutt. The outposts on the Hutt, and in the vicinity of Porirua, are judiciously placed, and conateted by intermediate stations with Wellington. The soldiers and the settlers alone, by their intellectual superiority to the natives, under the guidance of skilled com manders, are, now that the alarm has been taken, more than a match for any rabble that RANGHIA EATA can bring against them; and the real natives of the Hutt know the man too well, not to be loyal to the settlers as their only defenders from his savage oppression. We note these facts for the consolation of the many families in all parts of the kingdom who will be troubled by the disastrous intelligence from Welling ton. We can confidently assure them that their friends there are, in little immediate personal danger. But we have no intention to undervalue the permanent evils which RANGIIIAEATA'S movement must inflict upon New Zealand. The outsettlers in the Welling ton district have abandoned their stations and are flocking to the town. The necessity of enrolling, drill ing, and holding in constant readiness for defence, has put a stop to business. The trade and the agriculture of the settlement are alike brought to a stand. This succession of alarms may induce the more timid to quit Wellington ; it certainly will have the effect ofchecking immigration for some time tocome. The evil will not be confined to the Wellington district. The news will spread like wild-fire through New Zealand, reviving it may be the fighting spirit within the old chief of Taupo ; re-inspiring, beyond a doubt, hopes of su'cess ful resistance in Heki. The war of races, so often foreboded, may be the consequence ; a war which must be protracted and annoying, not from the num bers or daring of the natives, but from the immense space over which it must be waged, and the facility thus afforded for broken bands to evade pursuit and submission. None who have watched the progress of events in New Zealand, can entertain a doubt that It ‘NGI IIAEATA'S partial success on the Hutt has been the consequence of the same gross mismanagement which has characterised all proceedings of the local Governnient in New Zealand, from the day on which Governor HOBSON landed, down to that upon which Governor GREY assumed the reins of Government. The New Zealand Spectator indeed broadly hints (and has done so before) that the conduct even of Governor GREY has not, in relation to the affairs of the Hutt, been so energetic and con sistent as could have been wished. The colonists, however, so far as we can judge from private letters, do not share in this mistrust. Moreover, it is obvious that Governor GREY'S parting instructions have been culpably and unaccountably disobeyed. lie gave orders for the erection of defences on the Hutt. This, under the shallow pretext of economy, was left unperformed. The demonstrations ordered to be made in the direction of RANGIIIAEATA, were made in such a way as to inspire him with distrust and uneasi ness, but not to impress him with fear. And notwith standing trustworthy intelligence received from native sources of his intentions, such an insufficient watch was kept, that he was enabled to surprise an outpost by an assault, in which one settler and six British soldiers lost their lives. But Governor GREY might be at Wellington in ten days after the despatch of our most recent letters. It is to be hoped that his arrival would be the signal for the dismissal of the last of the official incapables, bequeathed as a plague to New Zealand by the lion- SON-SHORTLAND, and FITZROY administrations. We have received the Paris Journals of Thursday with our private correspondence. The article published by M. de Lamartine, has reopened the question of the Spanish marriages. It is, however, to be remarked, that the Journal des DThats does not take the least notice of the opinions published by the celebrated Deputy of Macon. The Constieulionnel has the following, in reference to a second note sent by the British Ambassador, the Marquis of Normanby, to M. Guizot, on Monday last: " When the rews arrived in London that the Duke de Montpensier had certainly departed fer Madrid, a council of the English ministers assembled, under the influence of very strong diasati , faction. The announcement of the departure of the Duke de Montpensier serving as the only reply to a diplomatic communication, was considered by the English Cabinet as an offensive proceeding. It is notorious to all what secrecy surrounds in England every Cabinet council, and therefore the measures determined on in this deliberation are not accurately known. This, however, is what has been allowed to transpire. Another I note was despatched both to Madrid and Paris. That for our Cabinet was to have been presented on Monday by Lord Normanhy to M. Guizot. This time it is no longer a ques tion of observations and representations. The marriage is considered as a fait accompli. The English Cabinet adds to its protest formal declarations and reservations! It de clares that the principal and veritable object of the treaty of Utrecht was to raise an absolute obstacle to the union of the two crowns of France and Spain on the same head. It is perfectly true that at the present moment such a union is not on the tapis, but it becomes possible hereafter, by the union of the eventual rights of the Duke de Montpensier to the Crown of France, with the not distant claims of the Infanta to the Crown of Spain. It is tint of all on this sub ject that England makes her reservations. She next shows that, in order to ensure the object of the treaty of Utrecht, the contracting powers had taken a certain number of pre eauth,ns ; amongst which is the renunciation of the Hour- of Orleans to the crown of Spain, under whatever farm that crown might come to its descendant,. But it appears evident to the British ministry that this precaution, this clause, is formally violated by the marriage, and this is also the object of the protest of the British cabinet, and of the reservations which it makes relative to the conduct it may think fit to observe ulteriorly. The note, as we arc positively assured, declares that the only arrangement that could satisfy Eng land would be the renunciation of the Infanta Louisa to the crown of Spain for her and her descendants from the mo ment she becomes Duchess do Montpensier. Finally, the English cabinet, it is said, expresses a firm persuasion that the other powers which signed the treaty of Utrecht, and all the great states of Europe, will look at this question of balance of power in the same light as Great Britain does. Instructions in this sense appear to have been sent to the representatives of England at Vienna, Berlin, and St. Petersburg." Mr. Bulwer has been desired to absent himself from Madrid during the festivities attending the nuptials, than protesting publicly by his absence. the Count de Bresson will quit Madrid on leave for two months, immediately after the Duke de Mont pensier's marriage. The French Squadron of Evolution, says Le Ton lonnafs, in the Mediterranean is still anchored in our roadstead, awaiting orders. Admiral Quernel is in command during the absence of Prince de Joinville. A telegraphic despatch, dated from Madrid, Oct. 6, received this morning by the French government, announces the arrival of the French Princes at Madrid, and adds (of course) that their reception was triumphant. The Spanish Ambassador at Paris will give, on Saturday (this day), a grand diplomatic banquet in honour of the Queen of Spain's birthday and the royal marriages. The Marquis of Normanby has accepted the invitation of M. Martinez de la Rosa. Many conjectures have been spread abroad as to the opinion of Prince :Metternich upon the Spanish marriages. I can state upon the best authority, that he most emphatically expressed his " entire indif ference about the marriages themselves, that he would not have any objections to offer against the marriage of the Dec de Montpensier to the Queen herself, but as the question seemed to hurt the feelings of the English Government to such an extent as to induce a fear that the European alliances would be thereby disturbed, he could not help blaming most energeti cally the conduct of the French Government in the affiir." _ _ _ We have received the Algiers journals of the 30th ult. The ..Voniteur dityerit n states that the appre hensions which were entertained respecting the main tenance of tranquillity on the western frontier, have for the moment been removed by the retreat of Boa- May.a, and that the ill-success of Abd-el-Kader in his last projects has permitted General Cuvaignac to re turn with his column to Djema Ghazaouat. There is nothing else of interest in these journals. The Prase, alluding to the treaty of commerce and navigation between France and Russia, says : " The ratifications of the treaty of commerce lat el y concluded with Russia are not yet exchanged ; but this formality will pass within a few days. We believe we are warranted in s►7ing that the new treaty provides that the enormous share given to other flags in the intercourse between the two nations is reduced to a level with those of the two contracting powers. This treaty has given rise to a question of legality. Without waiting until it could be confirmed by the Chambers, whose approbation is necessary for such clauses as modify the navi gation and tonnage duties, the government has sent orders to our principal commercial ports, that the new stipulations be immediately carried into execution so far as they relate to Russian vessels. On this there can be but one opinion, viz., that the ministry has assumed a power which does not lawfully belong to it; it has anticipated the decision of par liament, and the regularity of its conduct may be digitated in a strictly legal point of view. The ministry, therefore, must apply to the Chamber a for a bill of indemnity ; and the more their conduct is inquired into the more it will appear that there never was an occasion on which this indemnity was better deserved." It appears from our Madrid letters and journals, of the 3rd instant, that the Count de Wesson was to leave Madrid on the sth instant, to meet the French Princes at Alcobandas. It was reported (confirming the statement given above from our Paris correspond ent) that Mr. Itulwer was to leave Madrid on the 3rd fur Aranjuez, with Senor Salamanca and some other personages of the Opposition. The Senate, on the 2nd instant, passed the bill for the levy of 25,000 men. On adjourning the house, the President in formed the peers that they would be summoned at their houses tor the next meeting—thus virtually pro roguing the session. A letter from Cadiz of the 27th ult., in the Ever tador of Madrid, states that the English fleet is still cruising between Cape St. Vincent and Trafalgar. This letter adds, that a very active correspondence is kept up between Mr. Bulwer and Admiral Parker, by means of a steamer which hears to and from the squa dron the messengers sent from Madrid. It is confi dently affirmed in the same letter that the squadron is at the orders of Mr. Bulwer. THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY • EVENING, OCTOBER 10, 1846. PORTUGAL. POLITICAL AND FINANCIAL PANIC.—From dis patches to Oct. 2, brought by the Madrid packet ship which arrived yesterday at Southampton, we learn that the per plexities in which the Palmella administration has been entangled, from the very outset of its career, have now in creased to that degree th.t a total break-up cannot be delayed much longer. The authorised suspension of Bank payments ended on the 3rd instant, and the Bank was just as unable to meet its engagements as ever. The directors having no other means of averting impending ruin, applied for a fur ther extension of the term. To this the government replied by a counter application for a loan of 560 contos, as the only condition upon which the required indul gence would be granted. Ultimately the suspending Bank payments, and the making the notes legal tenders extend to the end of the present year, was allowed, although the bank refused to grant the loan. This was nearly bringirg about a ministerial crisis. It appears the Duke of Palmate, proposed to his colleagues that they should all go in a body to the Queen and tender their resignation, but that they refused to do so before making one more attempt to raise the required loan from some other quarter. If, therefore, they should now fail to get the required sum, we may look for a change of ministry, in which case there is no question that the present one will be succeeded by a cabinet of the extreme Radical party, whose ascendancy is becom ing every• day greater. The panic in the money market is increasing every moment, and all business is at a stop. Add to this the daily expectation of an attempt at revolution, which the Carlists are well known to be pre paring, and some idea may be formed of the frightful state of confusion and distress the people of Lisbon are now in. In consequence of the great depreciation of the paper cur rency, and scarcity of specie. business of all sorts is nearly at a stand, as no merchant will either sell to be paid in notes or buy to pay in coin ; and to make matters still worse, the failure of the last harvest, and consequent necessity of getting corn over the frontier from Spain, is draining the country of the little gold and silver it yet possesses. fhcre are at present three different rates of exchange for hills on England, viz., for notes 47 pence per milrei; for foreign coin (dollars and sovereigns) 54 ; and for Portuguese coin, 55.—Standard. ALEXANDRIA, SEPT. 24. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Iberia arrived here in the afternoon of the 19th inst., with 30 asse•gers on board. The only event of any consequence since my last is the departure of Waghorn's despatch by her Majesty's steamer Ardent, which took place yesterday morning (the 23d) at half-past seven o'clock. The rapidity of its transit through Egypt is worthy of note, as the distance, upwards of 240 miles, was accomplished, inclusive of stoppages, in the extra ordinary space of 20 hours and:io minutes, from the dropping of the anchor of the Semiramis at Suez to the starting of the Ardent from Alexandria. The express was carried on horseback across the Desert, • distance of 84 miles, in five hours and a half. . . . With due deference to Mr. Waghorn's laudable designs, and looking upon the question at issue as one of vital import ance to British interests, I must, however, beg to refer to a former remark on the subject, that as the real race does not commence at Suez, there consequently should not be any despatch employed in the transmission of the express through this country. It is an undue advantage taken to gain time upon the bulk of the Indian mail, which is never carried through, nor can be done, in less than 48 hours, besides a further delay for passengers, making in al three days, in this manner not giving the public, ignorant of the real state of the case, a fair chance to judge of the respective merits of the two routes. . . . . Mr. Waghorn's aim is to astonish the British public by bringing home the Indian news so many days before the present mode of conveyance. But this number of days is not the result of the superiority of the Trieste route, as it must be evident that, under the present arrangement, they are partly gained in Egypt, where a large mail has to compete with a small despatch box, and partly in the considerable delay which always takes place at Malta in the transfer of the mails from one steamer into the other. I have thrown ou: these hints to show the fallacy of the principle upon which the decision of this important question has been set about, and in order that a satisfactory trial should be made t o ,-liscovcr which is the preferable route. The only way to ga in this end seems to be to take the average of the length o f a it ries of voyages by each route, making Alexandria, as a matter of course, always the starting point. On the morning of the 16th inst. Don Riccardo Fantorsi, Neapolitail Consul-General, departed this life at an advanced age . All the representatives of the European powers were in attendance at the funeral, which was conducted with all the dignity bditting such an occasion. A body of marines from a Sardinian frigate which is at present in our port also ' assisted, and opened the funeral procession with a mused drum at their head. Major de Wildembruch, Prussian Consul-General in Syria, arrived here on the 18th inst., in the French steamer from Beyrout. He has come to execute the functions of Consul-General in Egypt. I transmit you a copy of Mr. Weghorn's time bill, as also one of the trip performed by Inspector Codrosy and his com mission, merely observing that the latter was accomplished at the unfavourable season of low water in the Nile and Mahmoodieh Canal, whilst the former had all the advan tages of water in his favour. COPY OF WAGIIOICCS TIME BILL IN SEPTEMBER, 1818. h. in. Semiramis Mesmer in eight at Suer, on Shad Sept., 1818 9 0 a.m. Seinimmin anchored in Sum. rood at lO 110 „ Horse Courier started for fhiro ll 30 Horse Courier arrived at Shoobra 5 0 p.m. Arrrival at Atfeb, 23rd Sept. 1818 1 SS a.m. Home Courier from Atfeh to Alexandria, at Arrival at Alexandria Deputnre of Ardent for Trieste 720 „ Lost at Suer 1 0 Horse Courier from Sues Isi Cairo 5 $0 Lost aeLltiro (Shoobra) • 5 From Cairo to Atfeh • 50 Last at Atfeb From Atfeb to Alexandria Time lost at Alexandria 1 10 From dropping of anchor at Sus la weighing of -- anchor at Alexandria COPY 01' CODROSY'S TIYE BILL IN JUNE, 1816. h. in. Victoria steamer in sight at Suez, on 12th June, 1846, at . 11 30 a.m. Victor is anchored in Suez-road at. Horse Courier ' , tidied for Cairo M. Codroey and others started for Cairo In a van. at Horse Courier arrived at Cairo at .. 170 „ .. 170 „ 0 30 „ l'odroay and party arrived at Mambas at ll 15 „ Codruay arrived at Atkh, 13th Jane, 1846 0 15 „ Left Atiell, per boat, at 0 40 „ An ived at Alexandria at l2 10 „ French government ateamer, Idesaadre, mailed for Mar milks, 11th J une, 1846 I 30 a.m. Lod at &tea 'ionic Courier from thara Ma Odra 3 0 Cadresy, in addition, kat From Cairo to Atfeh l3 0 Lost at Atfeh From Atfeb to Alexandria Time lost at Alexandria From dropping of anchor at thass r vaistilag of - anchor at Alexandria 42 0 FRANCE.—CoNseurnow OF CORN.—The follow ing is a table of the consumption of corn in France at dif ferent periods : Years. Total quantity Each inhabitant. 1700 20,000,000 hectol. ... 100 litres (Vauban.) 1760 24,760,000 „ ... 118 „ illtraibeau.) 1764 25,122,000 „ ... 115 „ Beausohre.) 1781 28,0. 0,000 „ .. 1U „ Drivel.) 1791 29,080,000 „ ... 110 „ Tolosan.) 1811 36,450,000 „ . 13.5 ~ Exp. de is site. de la France.) 1818 40,960,000 „ ... 140 „ (haptal.) 1839 57,621,000 „ . . 112 „ Statddique de France.) Thus, in one century and a half, the population of France is not doubled, yet the consumption of corn i. more than tripled. Since 1815 France has annually imported, on an average, 800,000 hectolitres of wheat, representing a value of more than 171 millions of francs. During a period of thirty years, dating from 1815, the production of wheat not being sufficient for public consumption, it was necens .ry for twenty harvests to import foreign corn. The quantity imported ex• ceeded at one time more than four million hectolitres, namely in 1832; three times, in 1840, 18-12, and 1843, it exceeded two millions ; and three times it exceeded one million hec tolitres. During the ten other years the importation was insignificant, or under 66,000 hectolitres. Thus out of three harvests in France, one is sufficiency, and two do not suffice, for the consumption of wheat. TUE BREAD RIOTS AT PARlS.—Thirteen of the numerous warrants issued for the arrest of persons engaged in the riot of the Rue du Faubourg Saint Antoine have been executed. Among those in custody are two young women, who were disguised in male attire. These girls made them selves remarkable for the virulence with which they excited the mob. AU the rest of the prisoners are young men be tween eighteen and twenty years of age, except one who is thirty. One of these persons was found to have concealed in his mattress a long sharp knife, with which he had been seen to cut the cords of the oil lamps, by which some few of the streets in that quarter of the town arc still lighted. It is evident, from the examinations taken, that these disturbances have had no connexion with politics. BELGIUM.-BELGIAN FEAST DAYS AND FAST Days.—Belgium, according to official statements, is a terri torial mass of pauperism • 2d per cent. of the population, one million out of four, are desperate paupers, and yet the priest party, by which the late King of Holland was dethroned and expelled the Belgian Netherlands, and which has ruled Bel gium ever since, through the agency of devoted ministries, will insist on multiplying religious feast-days for a people perishing for want of daily bread. For the pauper class who fast, these feast-days are simply a cruel farce ; but for that portion of the lower orders, the more skilled workmen, doubtless, who are in work, and able to procure work, at wages however reduced, this multiplication of holidays con demns them to privations beyond those it is their painful lot to endure from scanty earnings, though in full work. For every working day, thus arbitrarily converted into a feast day, the unforfunata workman is mulcted in the loss of the one day's wages which he would have had for the day's work. The evil does not rest there. For the sphere of em ployment is not only narrowed positively hut consequen tially. The price of commodities is enhanced by the restrictions thus imposed upon tho power of pro duction from a Oven force of machinery and capital. With small profits as the general rate of trade, for products to be so cheap as to meet competition, it is necessary to pro. duce more, au 1111 to economise the cost upon a larger surface of production. But the capital and machinery, which arc equal to the six days' work of production weekly, with bene ficial results. m-y remain waate and unproductive of profit by the abridgment of one or more days of the weekly term, when they cease to be active. The journal du Commerce d'Aurers, whilst remonstrating against these abuses of clerical power, states that there is a "certain number of the religious feasts whose observance is ordered by the Belgian priests, which are not to he found in the concordat," by which the Belgian church ought to be governed, seeing that it is of papal ordination. The priests, therefore, are accused of assuming to be " more orthodox than Rome." ITALY.— ItomE.—Overtures have been made, it is said, by the Pope to the Italian governments on the subject of the establishment of a federal state in Italy, and that in Sardinia in particular, the proposition was favourably re ceived. Naples will only give its adhesion on condition of obtaining the presidency, as Naples is the most extensive of the' Italian' stater, and :on condition that Austria is only to figure for her possessions in Italy. England, it is said, in tends sending a representative at Rome. On the 21st ult. a consistory was held at the Quirinal. Several bishops were consecrated. M. Clementi has been appointed Bishop of Macerate and Tolentiuo, in the stead of M. Teloni, deceased. . . SEPT. 23.—A reduction has just taken place in the duties on Hour and salt; the duty on the latter has been re duced from 21 to 2 bajuechi. The result. of the meeting of the consistories arc in future to be made public in a docu ment published to that effect. he present Minister of War is to be replaced. SEPT. 26.—For some days past a printed circular has been handed about in a provincial town :—" Very dear Brethren—Our holy religion is nearly succumbing. The intrusive Pontiff Mastai is the oppressor of it. He belongs to the party of ' young Italy.' His acts show that. Vigi lance, then ! Prudence and courage, brethren ! If you have the courage which I believe you to have, the religion of the only Son of God made man will triumph. God will assist us ; for besides the divine arm, we have that of the world—the right of Ferdinand 1. and the left of Ferdinand 11. In the meantime, do not cease to remind the faithful that the devouring germ resists in vain the will of the most High. The devouring germ shall be smothered by us. On a future day the terrible day of our glory will be published, and heaven will assist us in the enterprise." The agitation augments in the provinces. A copy of this circular has been sent direct to the Pope. A friend gave him another, and told him the name of the author. Public opinion attributes it to Cardinal Della Genga. The nomination of the dele gates has caused dissatisfaction. It was supposed that secular deputies would have been appointed. - - GEItNiANY.—The German Diet has broken up without regulating the affairs of the press, so eagerly sought, not only by public opinion, but by notes and official de spatches, demanding a definite decision on an article of the federal convention, which for thirty years has remained pending. Two official notes were communicated to the diet, one from the Cabinet of Baden, declaring that not only it would not oppose any propositionof the diet on the subject of the liberty of the press, but that it was ready to take the initiative with those states whose form of constitution con tained analogous articles. With the exception of Saxony and the Electorate of llcsse, the constitutional governments of Germany were favourable to the note from Carlsruhe. The second note was from Vienna, to be commu nicated to the states of the confederation. It recalls the position of the press at the time of the insurrection in Poland and Galicia, and expresses the wish that censorship be established on a much severer scale, sad that it be applied also to publications exceeding twenty sheets. Prussia is Raid to have adhered to the note, and pro mised to make a similar proposition to the diet through its representative. The affair of the duchies unexpectedly put a stop to proceedings, as they did not wish to restrain the manifestation of national sentiments by pacing restrictions on the press. The wording of the last phrase of the resolu tion of the diet respecting the duchies, proves that the note of the Austrian cabinet has not failed to have its effect. The diet does not meet again for three or four months. Baron Munch Bellingbausen has left Franckfort, and is replaced as president per interim by the Bavarian minister. A strict investigation has been set on foot, to discover who communi cated the resolution of the diet to the Journal des 1.), , ba1s before it was made public. If discovered the offender will be punished according to circumstances. BRUSSIA.—POSER, SEPT. 27. The Augsburg Gazette of Oct. 3 contains the following paragraph : " It has been announced that the political offenders were to be brought immediately to trial, and that the preli minary steps were completed ; this is a mistake, on the ton t r rL,..n n e e w r sa.rr andes ts studentsav taken plac e, have been and ca n s u t rli n e t ro o us pri. citizen;i i lan was stated that the Kammergericht of Berlin intended tr) ing the accused on Oct. 1 in open court, this is also a mistake, as that method will not be followed till next year. The troops are always provided with two or three rounds of cartridge." BERLIN, OCT. 2.—The principal resolutions adopted by the conference of the Zollverein, lately held ut Berlin, are as follows: An increase on the importation of linen threads from .sg. to 2 rixd. the quintal ; increase on twists from 2 rixd. to 3 rixd. the quintal. According to a letter from Washington, a treaty of commerce and navigation be tween the Zollrerein and the United States is again on the lapis. This time imd th tiz e ish n tea e vr g e o the ti . a ap t t i r o esseda ns trea are: o ,bearicontioutzink. Washington and not at Berlin, through M. Wh etto „ c ",,a mire a t ty shou'.d *twoiditt if ehhne o t t PPe s or t Ziuk e 7 t li fe ay . 7 — re n ' ET L, SEPT. an2t9he. Diet.—co :t e bailiff P°7 11". munster, who was dismissed from his Chancery he notified that if justice was not reede The rah: wished h e shouldtd ismisso appeal to the councillorG en n o f of appeal ~t not, as on the one aide the Chancery refuse to' ,„,, notification of dismissal, and on the other the co e „...'" notified his intention of appealing to the Germ an n, , the subject. "'met 0 -SlieMbly 01' t i t Sta l tes iES is sE co -C ov A I S ed EL I " or th °CT el . 3t h 2. O; Th . ins e t. BAVARIA.—A journal has just come out al It stadt, called the Me Sakstrig and Holstein Portf o l io 7, contains all the documents relative to this question. ord li‘ n r a U r ß y T d t i : e St t fl is E . l h w ort .— ly S t T o t b *T e - r e f o .; n A v n o t k a, e4 The man ld matters to be discuss are regarding pronnioas so last constructing railways. TRIESTE, SEPT. 28.—Letters from Odessa, d at o 16th September, state that corn had risen two paper rabi ii the tachetawert. More than 60,000 tachet were 44,1,1 the week. A quantity of corn had arrived from Iltmee• where there was an abundant har vest. A 'ewe (maw; had arrived fr - ins Poland. The rise i s t o be attributed tori' s influence of foreign markets. A letter from Oahe; et t h s 12th, says, that little had been done in corn; whearai fallen, barley and rye were firm : Indian corn was at a hi g k price. In Bulgaria the barley crop was stems.; ece ar • to letters from Varna, importation increased there, es g ait Baltschok, where the prices diminished aeconlintly. counts from Alexandria, of the 15th ult., state that th e , wss great activity in the corn market there. m ean. Zozinnia had alone bought 240,000 ard e l e of cent for Es t land, and that it had risen in consequence. TUNIS, SEPT. 20.—Sidi Ben Aced, envoy estr w dinary from the Bey to Paris, has returned after au ga b , of nine months. Nothing has been officially published ing the results of the mission of the lamisian arel aadi , but it appears that it has not been unprofitable to the cal interest., of the Bey, and of this we have a proof in tls renunciation by the Ottoman Porte of its amtul tensions upon this regency, since no demand h a year been made. Sidi Ben Ayed was brought ores h f the steamer Dante, which was fitted up rind dermal' truly royal style, being sent as a present to the Jaya, turn for the four hundred horses which he hu data,' ti remounting the French cavalry in Algeria, ana *ltalia % hundred and fißy have already leen sent. The cerem a y et presenting the steamer, performed by M. de Larauole sul-general and charge d'atfaires of Franey, was % I , interesting. When the Bey had gone on board the Da; inspected her, and accepted her as a present, uea g most flattering terms, the French flag was hauled des, amidst shouts of" Vive le Roi !" and a salute of twenty. % guns from the steam corvette the Lavoisier, and the p a d the fort of the Guletta. Immediately afterwards the Tia. sian flag was hoisted and saluted in like manner by Lavoisier and the forts. On this occasion the Bey unmet Captain Lucas du Penhoat, of the Lavoisier, with the all, of the Nirhan Iftihar. Captain Medoni, who cornmeal the Dante, remains in the Tunisian service.' RUSSIA.—COMM ERCIAL TREATY BETWEE N R. seas AND TCHKEV.—The St. Petersburg journals pablig the text of the treaty of commerce, coucludtd 4 41 13 between Russia and Turkey, ratified on the 4th of June,ssi which has been in practice since July 4. The followisii, succinct sketch of its bearing. It has been concluded for to years The tariff at present regulating the duties to he knot cackle, sign commerce in Turkey, although concluded in Pit! for on years, will not remain In force longer than do ing the period of thr present treaty, and both are to be renewed at the same time, oar expiration of that term. By article 1, anterior treaties, and portio. tarty the treaty of 1703, and article 7 of the treaty of Adnmak are renewed. The Porte further promisor to Russia the foll entire enjoyment of every right, benefit, or advantage, whkhka shall be hereafter accorded in its states to the must favoured Wax In virtue of Art. 2, the customs' duties remain invariably UN ad per cent. for foreign commerce, and shall be levied as bends% By Art. 3 ituotian aubjecta or their agents can ourehate the inks of the soil, or of the manufaactoriesof Turkey, whetht r to oport thes, or to trade with them in the interior of the Ottoman empire, enlot being subject to dues of passage, licenses, Luc. This liberty coma* In all the towns of the Ottoman empire, accorded to litvaim eta Is partly restricted by Arts. 10 and il, according to whirl 5 aml the sale of fish, leeches, alum, salt, tobano, snuff% nu t , and spirithoto liquors are subject to certain cues in Lugar I the Ottoman treasury. Wines and stmug liquor, cannot le mil in detail by Bosnian subJecta, cid:tele in shops or vowel% and only tons and hogsheads. This is the restriction which the Pone bans sidered itself obliged, as a Mahometan state, to impose on Monis of intoxicating liquors. Ca' union% gunpowder, azc., are to manage. hibited ; private persons can only sell powder and shot in small m► titles for shooting. Art. 0 penults the Porte to prolchit the mon% tion of provisions in case of scarcity, provided the Russian Opera be informed of smell intention in proper time. In virtue of Art 44 Reticle. produced either from the soil or manufartun, of Moira foreign countries arc to be admitted into all ports of the 001. man Empire on payment of a duty of 3 per cent., but as a orb pensation for the dues which had been pmnuusly imposed os tie said objects, the Russian merchant Ia to pay a supplementary of 2 per cent. only. For the payment of that ;additional duty It Itussi,in merchant will be allowed, on giving a sufficient guaranis, the delay of a year. By Art. 15 the Purse engages, that in* Pachaliek of Egypt and its dependencies the Russian eccurnerve dal meet with the same facilities of detail and arrangements an to accorded to the most favoured nations. (Mods of Rui.sia o y r forme produce, imported by nterchants into the principalities of Moldavia, and Sonia, are to pay the duties stipulatol by Art. 4 !Dial eIIAUIII.4 of these principalities only, without pay ing aityllinig a es Ottoman Empire, properly so called. Turkish mervhan , eras Russia are to lie treated us those of the mint favoured tutiuo, lea condition of complying with the laws and regulatiam axing I Russia relative to commerce." TH CAUCA SUS.—Accounts from Constandimill state the Rusaiens to be far worse off in the eLLUMIIII thea they prt t ,, nd to be. Since the memorable rape litios d I)arzo, Prince Woronzoff is obliged to keep on the defensin, whilst Chiamil, who is absolute master of the Loehisa era other Nluastilman tribes of l)aghcatan, acts on the offensive. Chiamif; is greatly seconded, it is said, by an old Polish officer and a captain of artillery of the Cossacks of the Black Sea. The latter hat invented a peculiar light carriage kr transporting the field artillety of the mountaineers. Ile artillerymen are mostly Poles, men as well as officer, aa are excellent marksmen. A detachment of SOO Poles senu as escort to the ammunition and treasury of the army. The Tchetcheases, under the orders of Chiamil, present all tit aspect of r:gular troops, and the Cabardian expedition prose that they are capable of competing with thi Ruseituu even iathe open plain. The Russian army, comprising the garrison d the forts, is estimated (officially) at 200,000 men, but then is evident exaggeration An imperial order has prohibited volunteers from foreign countries. This measure is attri buted to many of them having published memoirs of the different campaigns. Prince Woronzoff seeks to subject the Cireassiann, by holding out great commercial advactagn One of his aides-decamp is a brother-in-law of Chiamil, called Mahmoud-Bey : he is an Arab. The Russians gained him over by money, and he engaged to set the Russian yrs soners at liberty. Detected, and fearing the coast:gum-not his conduct, he sought a refuge at the Rua.= head quarters. He now acts as a spy in all the difficult espe ditions. Notwithstanding all these means, the position of the Hussiaes in the Caucasus is much, worse than last year; the army is discontented, and the government has not ad vanced a step in conciliating the mountaineers. It will be ' remembered that oae of the sons of Chianti' was made prisoner some years ago in a skirmish. He was then only eight years of age. The Emperor hal him educated, sod placed him in the military academy, where lie soon dans , guished himself. He never spoke of his father, and seemed to have forgotten the place of his birth : his comrades sad professors were ignorant of his real name, as he was inscribed under another on the books. He left the academy in hi/ last, and was sent as second-lieutenant in a Finland rep ment. He suddenly disappeared, leaving a letter to his colonel, stating who he was, and that his heart had nets ceased to beat for his absent country, and that he was gone to join his father and his brethren.. The news caused gnat sensation. Young Chiamil is only eighteen years of age, spa was generally esteemed by his comrades, who cannot but ad mire his courage, and the heroic silence he kept so long. It is presumed that he fled to Sweden A family of rich pea sants of Finland have been arrested, susp etc(' of blend favoured his escape. _ TURKEY.—The movements of the Turkish fleet have given rise to different conjectures, aad rumours of a attack on Tunis are gaining ground. A letter from )fe lls says The Turkish fleet, under the orders of Capital Paella (grand admiral), was to leave the port of Salonieses the 10th ultimo ; ita destination was not known, but a sisal* tancous attack 17 land and sea on Tunis was generally re. moured. The English amb ,saador at Constantinople, fear. ing that such an expedition was on foot, seconded by Rasa and Austria, had requested the governor of Malta to send some officers to Tripoli to see if any preparations for a land attack were making. In consequence the Hecht left on the 18th with Captains Tidy and Rollo on board. As the steamer returned to Malta on the 21st, without the officers, it was presumed that their stay at Tunis was deemed requi site. A singular circumstance is, that the Portqfill" 314 ' lac hints that the presence of the English squadron in the Mediterranean is connected with this affair. The Ireneh brig l'Agile left Malta on the 18th with despatches fUr Tripoli received by a Marseilles boat. The liritish steamer Virago left Malta on the 18th to rally the English squadron at Gibraltar." THE LEVANT.—By the Flamer we have a dvices from Alexandria to the -sth ult. The Viceroy had re turned to his palace of Ras-Elten. The tour of his son to Europe has, it is said, inspired him with the wish to make s similar journey next epring; unhappily his advanced age will not permit such a journey to turn to the advantage O f his country ; that of Ibrahim Pacha is regarded, on the con trary, as likely to be of the greatest benefit to Egypt. Ibrahim Pacha is generally considered as a warm adsoeste of the construction of a canal between the Mediterranean and the Red Sea. At Aden the English are still hanged by the Arabs. AMERICA. NEW YORK. DEirarertoN BY FIRE OF NIRLO'S THEATRE AND GARIAN.—About bed post four o'clock in the morning, the alarm of tire wet sounded, and it was soon ascertained that the Theatre oa Broadway, in Niblo's Garden, was the scene of the fee. It is said to hare broken out in or near the green-room, and at the hour when the city was hushed in sleep—the progress of the flames amid such combustible materials was eN ceedingl, rapid. They soon caught the adjoining house. No. 446. occupied by George Derrick, sadler, and J. It. Smith, for the sale of homceopithic medicines, north of the theatre, h.e tween it and the new and substat.tial structure of the Racket-court, and being a mere shell, it sunk speedily. The second story, known as Phmnix Hall, was used as so epis copal church fur coloured people, under the charge of the Rev. Mr. Crummcl. The solid walls of the Racket-court checked the progress of the flames on that side, though not without some damage to the roof and woodwork of the front. South of the theatre, and thence to the corner of Prince-street, the two substantial three story brick dwelling houses, occupied by Nible and by his boarders, the large .......•••---- la r - roo ms , drug store, ' b a p@ of to 6, osby-ere, 'rotted bZ,, lowery s. lawn aglow bstitute. a I a 1 sorts we tyros vorX . R kern. id' were . ..e 1 rdrobe Cre W" Car, will, ona of t bwoury 0 1 uildings. pine 4 5,0 vered by . Monday a dollars. I ' c on 30 10,000 ins, We we Ideation tl ddexieo Ti yoborate detailed a( the mines The (avow The reeen In em in I CELESI worked '• tho opine E a nt7ti l s aa l; mares pee abandunc with a p offered to lag that t appears t Lave inch partide, a lurpe, hov If 30 part doubt we ately lea, THE 'I from wan lug the pi continues the Ida these app east end improved winze wh prove. I as the lxv Celestina from Gua hich me mtst mont Ica/ar, pots, thei and very Mexico he and prop that if 17 at present probably CELtel that the I that twee continue hip stater hacienda' MINEIt ofthe dir torn, held sithifactin borne out The. rein' darn level iY the hel the which wC which rer port will ILA prop shaft, and and knel we Acosta, al la carry! Ilene, and 9a vara 1, *if fixing been coin Notice tho abundant lit any rni Let that small cup drained, Bari( ue _1 , ATI9 • W('SI throughoi a very pre gener3lly Brigida l obaerrc th n vm Ni Mahnn Vet,'l San IL 1.. Loretc DiNpoi