The Express. — London, England, 1853-06-04 00:00:00

revenue of the Eat India Cosine, was now coming near to its termluatiim ; for no matter who might ultimately obtain the sere siding, whether the present government of l't~uta et the insurgruts, still, having ones got ri I of the pri 'wine which 1..4 prevailed against the importation et tine aflig hum India. there would be a strong disposition te els:mate opium in China, and then away would go 3..ew.UoQi. of the East lulls Company's revenue. The Burmese war had already jemmied the expenditure of the c A apany, and would continue to Menage it. notwithstar.d. lag that they had annexed the territory, fur no one ever dr i smt that l'ego would be able to bear the expense of its ; and yet in additi in t that they had the prispeet bet..re them of lasing 3,000,0001. a year from the quarter he had joss specified. (Hear, hear.) Now in the l e a of all tits would it not he better to reduce the expenditure rather than leave the country open t o the prospect of having to pledge its credit for the sake of maintaining our suuremary in India? Ile was andi..us that in legisisting for India they would proceed in the right direction, to that it the time seer eame that England should be deprived of her Indian empire, it sh• old he said that whatever might have been her coat. in coniioeting the people of the couatry like Home in her comp. st , , ,, he left behind a record of her careen desire to pre mute their happiness and advance the interests of eivilisati fl. leilVfll. Mr. J. Nil LLIMOItH moved the adjournment 01 the debate. lord a. RC'SELL said he proposed to take the third reading of the Income Tax Bill oe Monday, and he would p u t tap adiourned dobate neat after it, in the hope that the house would 'hill allow it to be brought in. The adjournment till Monday was agreed to. HISII V.ESTRIEi. Sir 0. E. PEC lilovedCo iftt;;luce a bill to amend tt.c yete for the regulation of parish rebtries. A.lreeil to. lba bill mei hrooaht is and read a first time. BOROUGH OF BARNSfABLE. ___ ____ Mr. W. 07s rAs LEY moved thy turther suspention of the writ for lismstabla till the 15th of July. Agreed to. ASSURANCE ASSOCIATIONS. Mr. WILSON moved that three should ho the quorum of the stket committee on Assurance Associations. Agreed to. The house adjourned at twenty minutes to one o'clock. erprizos. IL) ORRIMPONDENTS. 4 et<l.l Reittun ! txpltok," contatiaai tb. maw ova & ore aim Tue:clay sad Friday alibi, in tbzo ver,.,areg-at• in+mtOsi fry Tto Fs prem." Lanka ilvetaaa mow, b, at tha 4:4laa, 10. BouvorioArtet. by Teo o'aiook as tba day of pabiiestiou. DIOR WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. T tio Ilvt—bhmusc, fa. $i15...........Afbera0r5. Ob. 49m. j.mosat --Nossag. lb. 10...........Mbrab0n,, la. 30a,. LO2VDON, SATURDAY, JUNE 4. IN a speech of five hours' duration, of which some four hours acd a half were preface, Sir CUARLES WOOD last night expounded his scheme for tho future government of our vast Indian dependencies. If his oration on the occasion was not equal to the dignity of the subject it had to treat, it cannot be said that he hesitated in giving at least an ample el%boration to the materials ho desired to place before the House. lie had a difficult as well as responsible task in hand. To explain the new way in which he sought to arrange the government of more than a hundred millions of people was itself a labour heavy enough, but Sir CLIARLSI WOOD volun tarily ioeressed the natural difficulties of his theme by superadding to it the still greater task of seeking "to make the worse appear the better" course of proceeding. In the very teeth of the fact, that only a patios of the evidence upon Indian affairs has yet been taken, ho strove to stultify the House of Commons into a belief that all that need be known, is known, so far as legis lation on the government of India is con: corned. He tried to prove that ample evidence had been taken to justify immediate legislation, although it is notoriously the fact that merely one side of the Nos has been heard. The witnesses for the defence have been very carefully listened to, and Sir CHARLES WOOD now solicits an instant verdict for his clients in Cannon-row and Leadenhall-street—with a new lease of power in addition--before one witness for the proem titian has been called, before one native of India has been permitted to proffer evidence to the Parliamentary Jury whose duty it now is to do justice between the parties. Sir CHARLES WOOD is satisfied that he knows all that need be known to enable him to indicate the best mode of governing our vast dominions in Hindostan, "Mond, in the very house where he now utters each confident assertions, he made, only a few days ago, his curious coursed.= of *wean°e about the territory of Pegu. Of course the real meaning of all this ie that Cannon-row, of which Sir CHARLES WOOD is the chief the same Cannon-row that sanctioned the Affghan war sod the Burmese war —nay all the recent wars in India ; the Cannon-row, under the shadow of which, with its twin-failure, Leadenhall sheet, British India has, year by year, become wider, weaker, and poorer ;—under which education lies bun neglected, public works left undone, the Indian E.:chequer been impoverished, the resources of Hindustan left undeveloped, and the administra tion of justice been permitted to remain insufficient and esernpt ;—this same Cannon-row is quite satis fied that it has skill enough, knowledge enough, and power enough at once to re-arrange a new sys tem of administration for a country which has been groaning unheeded under its rule. The real question, however, is, not whether Sir CHARLES Wont) and the °Adele of whom he is the mouth piesa know all he and they wish to know about Indian affairs, but whether they know all that they meet to know before the Cabinet is committed to positive legislation on the subject. It certainly does appear to be only the merest fair-play that the DRUM of India, having suffered foe the last twenty years under the renewed Charter Act, should—that long trial having been patiently borne—be now at lust permitted time to give evidence upon their many and bitter grievance, before new chains are forged for them. But Sir CHARLES Wool) holds a very different opinion. Witnesses from the India Home and witnesess in the interest of the India House have said all they wish to say, and—that Is enough. The natives are nobody. A hundred millions of our fellow-robjects are pooh- poohed in the most off-hand official fashion, and we are told to adopt at once end without any farther inquiry a scheme which amply satisfies—Sir Cuatuts WOOD. But will that which contents the PRESIDENT of the BOARD of CONTROL satisfy the public ? At first view we may safely predict that it will not. Sir CHARLES WOOD wishes to legislate at once. He will have no Continuance Bill, and no more Enquiry but a new law, off-hand, to bottle up as far as possible the whole question. He would reduce the number of the I.esdsnhall•street directors, and remodel that corps by fixing their number at eighteen,—twelve of whom should be nominated as at present, and the remain ing six be appointed by the crown, from amongst men who have seen at least ten years' service in India. This new council ho would subject to reelec tion every two years. Thus far the plan coincides with the indication we gave yesterday—agreeing also with our description in another important par ticular. The civil patronage and tho patronage of the medical and scientific branches of the military service are to ho thrown open to public competition; the ordinary m litary commissions to be diitributed, it seems, upon the present plan. But the great evil of 411—the doubles Government—is, it will bo seen, to con..nue. Lost!enhall-strea is to be churn a ittle of its featbera, but is to stand snub w) :re it t t; and it its direc tors err tt I , elved in nunhcro- tho 1 4 3 et thew A 1),2 raid-4. Pea er is also *eked I 0, if Vuesititt desirable, a N. , :v Pit si- dewy on the Indus, and some plan is to be initiated for giving additional powers to the Crown in relation to appointments to the Executive Council, %haat suggestions are added about ameliorations of the mode in which justice shall be hereafter administered. All these last paints are, however, trifles when com pared with the broad scheme for the retention of the great evil of all —the double government. Woquite agree with SirCithnr.rs WOOD thatparty feeling should not enter into the settlement of the question of Indian government, but the real and only way to avoid party feeling is to disarm party opposi tion by proposing sound measures. Nothing but a Bill fully equal to the needs of the case—a mea sure at once, wise, just, and expedient—could secure that party unanimity in its favour which Sir CUARLES WOOD so very properly desires. A first rapid glance over the scheme last night propounded in the House of Commons seems sufficient to indicate its lack of the first essentials requisite for the settlement of the great question dealt with. And the PRESIDENT of the BOARD of CONTROL must not be surprised if any discomforts arising from secessions from the Ministry, or from financial non-successes, or from rumoured differences in the Cabinet, are aggravated by the reception given to his insufficient measure of justice proposed for India. The main, if not the only chance, the plan has of success, resides in the fact that in one light it may fairly bo regarded as a real Continuance Bill. Leadenhall-street is retained, it is true, but only with lessened powers, and from year to year, and even should this measure become law, it will be the fault of Parliament henceforth if the subject of Indian reform is all-:wed to sleep until all abuses capable of remedy are removed by imperial legislation. The double Government is only respited—it has, at all events, no per manent rew lease of mischievous vitality. In conclusion, it may be added that when looked upon as a Parliamentary effort, the speech of Sir CHARLES WOOD may not unfairly be described as a very long and rather confused history and defence of British rule in India—with a small scheme of ' Reform tacked on at the end. During this speech a thin House became thinner and thinner, until the audience was smaller than for years has been known to be the case in the House of Commons when a Minister was explaining a Cabinet scheme on a great subject. This melting away of the listeners may be taken to indicate three things—first, a practical common-sense protest against the growing abomination of excessively long speeches; next, that Sir CnARLES WOOD was decidedly dreary ; and lastly, that the members of the House of Commons take less interest in Indian questions than their vastness clearly requires. For, in truth, the question of the Government of India is one involving the present comfort and well-being of more than six times as many people as dwell in Great Britain, and involving also the future stability or the premature downfall of English rule in Hindustan. AT a time when our Customs Regulations are under discussion one point claims special consideration. Mr, DISRAELI said in the Howe the other ni;ht that the one shilling duty on corn, imposed by Sir R. PEEL as a nominal duty, now yielded half a million of revenue. Hie remark was intended to recommend the continuance of small Customs Duties; but the fact he adverted to is a better illustration of the mis chief Statesmen do unknowingly, than of any good to arise from retaining a single Customs Duty. When they inflicted on the nation tho Corn Duties in 1815, they thought they were only keeping up prices, ex tending cultivation, and securing high rents. They did not mean to impede the progress of manufactures ' and trade, to arrest the national prosperity, to sow discontent broadcast through the land by cutting off supplies of food, and annually dooming a portion of the population to pauperism and death by star vation. They never supporta that they ehtsuld. check the growth of agricultural skill, impede the cultivation of the fend, and make the land owners be regarded as the enemies of the rest of the community. Yet, before the Corn Laws were repealed, it was asserted that all these consequences had ensued, and since they were repealed the asser tion has become a demonstration as complete as any problem in geometry. There is come reason to sup pose, therefore, that this nominal duty of one shilling pee quarter on all kinds of grain, sad of fonryence- halfpenny per cwt. on all kinds offlour and meal—which tununatt to be a real and substantial duty,varying froni two per cent. to six per cent. of the value of the article, and yields some half a million a year revenue, —may be attended with other important consequence., of which those who imposed it had no knowledge whatever. This nominal duty—and nomical it was to men accustomed to a price of 100 s. for wheat—was intended solely to secure a return of all the corn imported in different years. Prior to that time annual importations were fitful, and comparatively small, varying from ail to four million quarters ; but now we regularly import close on ten million quar ters, or their equivalent in flour or meal, and the trade in grain is as regular and extensive as the trade in tea. No loss or ruin has fallen, in conse quence, on our agriculture; it is more flourishing than it ever was, and this great trade has augmented very much the national prosperity. In total igen. ranee of each a fact, and therefore thoughtlessly and heedlessly, was the duty imposed. It excited no dis cussion at the time,—it was accepted, as a matter of course, a merely nominal thing, which could have no important effect whatever ;—and so the Govern ment is endowed with a large revenue, and an int. portant trade ii subjected to vexations restrictions, which were never intended, and which areat this mo ment exciting great irritation in the corn importers. Last year the nominal duty yielded 437,2291., showing an importation of 8,744,580 qrs. of corn, The year before it yielded 504,9211., showing an im portation of 10,088,420 qrs. About 105 articles are enumerated in the finance accounts as yielding the 22,000,000/. of Customs revenue, and of those articles corn was the eighth most productive last year, and the seventh most productive the year before. Last year coffee yielded 437,2291., being 32,8441. more than the sum yielded by corn. The year before coffee yielded 444,6701., being 60,2511. less than the sum yielded by corn. The only articles which in the two years yielded more than corn were—rum, brandy, sugar, tea, tobacco and snuff, and wine. If we place runs and brandy together under the head of spirits, as we may, we shall then see that this nominal duty annually yields more to the revenue than each of the real duties imposed on 98 articles, and stands in point of productiveness the sixth article of the whole 103 articles which yield the revenue of the Customs. The first unexpected eon. sequence of this nominal duty is—that a CHANCEL LOR of the EXCHEQUER who objects to almost every proposed reduction of duty, because ho cannot give up revenue,—will retain it whatever may be its dis advantages, because it produces such a large and real sum of money. It was as little foreseen when this nominal duty was imposed that England would become a great enlrep4e for corn, as that it would import 10,000,000 quarters a year for its own consumption. But it has; and during the two last weeks the reports from the corn market state that rye in considerable quantities has been purchand in Eng laud for Holland, Belgium, and Germnny. "Rye; says Mr. 111ONGREPILN in his circular of May 30, describing the current prices of cir,, , c s (cost, treight, and insurance) from Cie Mediterranean, THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, JUNE 4, 1853 TURKEY. A telegraphic despatch has been received from Vienna, stating that Count Nesselrode, son of the Russian Chancellor, bad passed through that capital yesterday, en route to London from Constantinople. " Our letters from Constantinople of the 20th," says the Patric, "state that the attitude assumed by the government had produced an excellent effect both in the capital and in the provinces, and deputations were every moment arriving, bearing to the Sultan the homage of the respect and devotedness of his subjects. Among these deputations were more par ticularly those from the Greek population, who, under the difficult circumstances in which Turkey is at pre sent placed, evince a praiseworthy attachment for its government, the spirit of justice and good faith of which they duly appreciate. " The non-official part of the Moniteur contains the following letter from Constantinople, of the 10th of May : " The Ottoman Council, which met on the 17th instant, resolved to address to Prince blenchilroff a note expressive of the conciliatory spirit of the Divan, and of its regret at being unablo to give its full adhesion to the clause contained in the project of Seiler', as remitted try the Rus sian ambassador. "On the 18th Resehid Pacha paid a visit to Prince Men chikoff to acquaint him with the terms of the said note, in which it was said that the government of the Sultan wu disposed to conclude a special convention for the construc tion of a Russian church, hospital, and convent at Jeru salem, and that the said government was also willing to assure to the Russian monks and pilgrims all the privi leges enjoyed by other nations. Respecting the sta tue gue in Palestine, the Divan added, that a note might be addressed to the two embassies of Rll9/1 t and Prance, in which the Porte engaged is take no fresh rest lotions in future without the preliminary advice of those two powers. The Ottoman note contained, moreover, the declaration that the government of the Sultan, far from a desire to curtail the immunities granted to the Greek church, as the Russian Ambassador seemed to suspect, pro posed to extend them if necessary. " All the efforts of Reschid Pacha to explain these matters to the satisfaction of Prince blenchikoff remained without result. "The Russian Ambassador, without waiting for the notification of the Divan, addressed to tne Sultan's minister of foreign affairs another note, in which ho declared that his mission was terminated, and that he was obliged to leave Constantinople, and to remove all the persons belong. log to the Russian embassy in that capital, Re declared, moreover, that any infraction of the status quo of the Oriental Church would be considered as an infraction of the stipulations which exist between the two governments, and that such infraction would compel the Emperor Nicholas to have recourse to means which he at all times desired Lot to employ. " In this communication, too, Prince Menchikoff informs the Porte that the chancellor of the Russian legation will continue to conduct the current business of trade awl navi gation, and protect the interests of the Russian subjects. " In spite of this note Resehid Pacha sent to Prince Mcnebikoff, privately and confidentially, the note which had hien resolved upon by the Ottoman Council. This note provoked a reply fr•im the Russian ambassador. This reply, communicated in the same form as the Ottoman note —that is to say, privately and confidentially—deplores the resolution arrived at by the Porte, and regrets that on so serious a question the Divan had yielded to the suggestions of foreigners. In conclusion, the Prince expresses a hope that the Ottoman government will ultimately come to a wiser resolution, and one which is more agreeable to the benevolent intentions of the Emperor Nicholas. " Died itedeliffe has had frequent conferences with the ad visers of the Sultan, and from this circumstance it was thought that he it not a stranger to the decisions of the Divan." If we could regard this letter as an absolute authority on all the points of which it treats, the situation would appear to bo less strained than has been generally supposed. The extreme step of placing Russian subjects nader the protection of a foreign power would not have been taken, and the presence of the Chancellor of Legation, with even the lowest diplomatic functions to perform, would constitute a link by which diplomatic intercourse might again be taken up. There is a real difference between the completed cessation of diplomatic rela tions and their rupture. The hope, too, with the expression of which the Prince closes his inter course with the Divan points to new negotiations rather than to war, The Die Zeit of Berlin publishes on the Russian and Turkish difference some considerations which deserve attention, if, as is probable, they are such as sug gest themselves to M. bianteuffel, the Prussian premier. According to the Zeit Ramie will give way. In fact, it cannot properly be said that the has yet presented an ultimatum. It must not be forgotten that the ostensible object of Prince Menchikors mission, that which was put for ward in the altioit declarations of the Rus sian cabinet as the chief subject of negotiation, was no other than the affair of the holy places. This object was completely secured when negotia tions were commenced on other points, which if they are of inoomperably greater political importance were yet designated by the Russian cabinet by the act of placing them in the second series and only bringing them forward u occasion offered, as those to which an inferior importance was attributed, at least on the part of Barrio, and which were regarded as a sub ject of friendly agreement. If at a subsequent period Prince Menchikoff persisted in his claims notwithstanding the first refusal of the Porte, and if be a second time ap pointed a definite delay, such a course of proceeding may amount to sharp practice, the appli cation of a severe pressure, but does not constitute a proper ultimatum, so far as by an ultimatum is understood a peremptory summons connected with a threat, that refusal will be regarded as a reason for declarisg war, or as constituting a emus belle. Of such a threat we have, until now, heard nothing. Prince Menchikoff merely announced, that in case of a refusal, he would leave Constantinople—an unfriendly intimation, it is true, but no menace of war." Under these circumstances," says the Zeit, "we hold it most pro bable that t he departure of Prince Menchikoff will have no other result than that diplomatic rela tions between the Porte and Russia will remain a long time interrupted and then be again taken up. This, it will be remembered, is what took place in 1849, when the cabinet of St. Petersburg had con- 1 vhiced itself that persistence in its demands on the extradition of fugitives would endanger the peace of Europe." The Austrian Lloyd expresses e x pectations of a pacific nature on the issue of affairs at Constanti nople. Russia, it thinks, will obtain sonic important concessions, although it will be impossible for the Porte to satisfy all her demands. Every effort will be made to obtain the mildest conditions for Turkey, and the Divan will be seconded, as regards Austria, by diplomatic, but not by military means. On the other hand, Russia has, says the Lloyd, no motive for straining the string of the bow too tight ; a con cession made to the prestige of her power in a pacific manner must appear to her preferable to concessions ' extorted by force of arms. "has been taken largely for the Continent at prices gradually advancin,r from 265. Gd. to 289., at which latter price the few cargoes offering are firmly held." Our corn merchants are now forced to attend to the duty which interferes with their trade to the Continent. What they sell and what tho hungry people of the Continent send here for—and it the accounts which reached London on Tuesday from Vienna be confirmed, they will come for larger quan tities—is not the produce of England, but the cargoes of corn which our merchants have bought or ordered from places to which our commerce largely extends, and with which Germany cannot, or does not, carry on any trade. The fact shows how much England has already become an entrep:l for corn, and that if England were not such an entrepat, and bad our corn merchants not ordered or brought this rye from Odessa, or some other distant port with which we have a contineal trade, while the Ger mans have none, they could only have got it at a much greater cost by especially sending for it—if they could have got it at all. Thus, what is eminently for the advantage of our merchants, saves the people on the Continent from the calamities of dearth or starvation. But now look at the effect of this nominal, or un real duty on this (may we not call it ?)—humane trade. If the cargoes of corn be sold afloat for the Continent, not a grain of the rye will first come hero to pay the one shilling duty, and a host of attendant charges. The rye already imported, and on which the duty has been paid (for corn imported is not allowed to be placed in bond, because the duty is nominal), will not be able to compete with the rye afloat, and the merchant, who has already landed his cargo, is at a disadvantage in comparison to the merchant whose cargoes are yet on the sea. Hence arise strong motives not to import corn which may have to be re-exported. The nominal duty is obviously therefore a great impediment to trade. It prevents corn being im ported which otherwise would be, because it cannot be exported till the price abroad rises sufficiently to pay the duty and all attendant charges. It is uni versally found that any useful commodity which can be divided into small portions is more easily disposed of than one which cannot. The principle is in fact the natural foundation of all retail trade. Many persons might very often come hither for a few hundred quarters of rye or wheat, or other corn, who do not want a whole cargo. If there were no nominal duty, therefore, most of the cargoes that are sold afloat would be brought into our ports at the time most convenient for bringing them,would be landed here, and could be more conveniently divided for the foreign market. Our merchants would buy more, and they would sell more, and they would import and trans-ship a great deal more. Import ing and trans-shipping, and buying and selling more, they would give more employment to shipping, and to all the porters and trades connected with load ing and unloading ships. The nominal duty not only yields unexpectedly large real sums to the revenue, but it also stops a large real trade, and is a real impediment to much national pros perity. All these aro effects, which the statisti cians who recommended, and the politicians who im posed, the nominal duty never dreamed of, and which instead of being a defence of small customs duties are their utter condemnation. The statesmen who -defend them are ignorant of the mischief they cause. Instead of casting his net wide—u Mr. T. RUUNG, the merchant, very much to his discredit, recom mended the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER—the right hon. gentleman ought, simply because he knows not the extent of the injuries custom, duties inflict, to make his net as narrow as possible, and at once to allow the nominal duty on oorn to escape from it. RESIGNATIONS. Mr. Keogh, Solicitor-General for Ireland, Mr. Sadleir, and Mr. Mousell, have, it is positively stated, resigned the offices to which they . were ap pointed on the accession of the present ministry to power. It is almost needless to add, all these gentle men are Irish Roman catholic*. Supposing their resignations to be accepted, their secession from office leaves three places at the disposal of the Aber deen Cabinet. FLEET. It will be seen by our Money Market Report that the current statement of the Mediterranean. fleet having sailed from Malta, had a specific influence on tp: o l o rr of various funds and securities yesterday in DEATH OF EARL OULU. The ranks of the free traders, of the agricultural reformers, and of the English peerage, have alike sustained a deep loss by the decease of Earl Dude, which took pi on 'Thursday last, at Tortworth: His lordship was one of the few peers who, in the earlier days of free trade, acknowledged its wisdom, justice, and expediency, and lent the Fitt of his position, talents, and Influence to the cruse he so wisely espoused. The deceased ear was in the 52nd year of his age, and is succeeded in his title and estates by his son, Lord Moreton, whose elevation to the peerage creates a vacancy in the representation of Stroud. NATIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOL ASSOCIATION MANCHESTER. Yesterday a deputation from this association waited upon Lord John Russell, at his residence is Cheshabs-place, for the purpose of requesting his lordship to consider certain objections to the bill now before parliament on the subject of education. The deputation was introduced by Mr. Milner Gibson, M.P., sad was attended by Mr. Cobden, M.P., Mr. W. Brown, M.P., Mr. John Cheatham, M.p., Mr. James Heywood, M.P., Mr. Gardner, M.P., Sir Joshua Walmsley,ll.l'., Mr. Wilkinson, M.P., &c. Mr. H. GIBBON having briefly stated the object of the deputation, the following gentlemen speoessively addressed his lordship in explanation of their objections to the bill: Idr. Ab sol on Watkins, Mr. Swale, Mr. Lucas, Dr. M'Kerrew, the Rev. W. Bates, the Rev. F. Tucker, Dr. Smiles, the Rev. Mr. Walker, and Dr. Watts. Lord Jong Rimezu, having expressed himself strongly in favour of religious, in eonjuncuon with sender, instruc. Goo, said that he should be very Bled if the various obser vations that bad been made could be drawn out and laid before him, eo that he might consider them with those who hid taken the greatest interest in the subject of education. ' With reference to the bill be might observe that it was • step in the right direction ; but with regard to its details he should be glad to consider any amendments or suggestions that might be proposed to him. The deputation then thanked his lordship and withdrew TnE NEW TE4 DUTY.—Since the order for the redaction of the impost on teas was issued, the :eggregate amount of duties received at the Custom-hoses approximate closely to 400,0001. The business of passing delivery orders has increased to such an extent that, notwithstanding a large number of supernumerary clerks have been engaged, they are employed unremittingly in this department from 7 o'clock in the morning until 10 o'clock at night, for this extra work clerks receive from le. to 2s. per hour, unseen germ OA.. per hoar, end supervising oaken are remunerated according to their rank; the deliveries of tea from the vari ous bonded warehouses commence at 6 o'clock in the morn ing end continue incessantly until 7 o'clock in the evening, the customs lockers and other oille,n employed receiving extra pay for the additional duty. Although a very large number of extra labourers are employed at the several warehouses, it is impossible to keep pace with the presenta tion of the orders. ARRIVAL OF THE TAOES.—SOVTITANIPTON, FRI DAY, Jima 3.—The Oriental Company's steam peaket Tags., Captain J. R. Joy, has arrived here, and landed her mails under the charge of Lieutenant Veitch, R.N., Admiralty agent. liar dates rp—Gihraltar, May 24; Cadis, 25; Lisbon, 29 ; Open., 30; Vigo. 31. The fugue brings 87 passengers. A great nar..ber of vessels were at anchor in Gibraltar Bay ; also many at tic back of the Rock, waiting a chsege of wind to enabio them to get through the Gut. LIsDON Pliorinz royal nri.i4l via., et L-bass t,•• : "camera Odin, Firehreotl, And Curlier. 11.. A,gs mernnon Suited frets 1.411 , a M.or'.' •ni a • . Oisit arrived st Arty 231 b. srs ' • ';:n; ; - •us , to tlr , n..li!trrut tea. A: .1... ; ,••• . .1 M. key's , I.et.t.rn Fa: .411 aid :a•' FRANCE. PARIS, ESIDLY EVENING. There is a remarkable absence today of any fresh news, rumours, or conjectures about the only aubjeci of present political interest —the Turkish question. The republican Sieele declares for the government against the royalist journals which have betrayed such evident sympathies with Russia. It says : We proclaim it the Porte had accepted As in solent propositions of Russia, it would have been all over with the Sultan's throne, and perhaps with European eivi- lisation. Oar opinions see known. We protested against the act of December 2, we voted against the empire, but when • great French interest is in question we have I but one thought, one desire, which is that our nation may maintain its just preponderance ;:we regard it an impiety to give hopes to the foreigner by the attitude we assume. The Assembki has the following passage, well worth attention, as showing the hankering after a Russian alliance entertained by the legitiuust party, and their distrust of England: " Now we will ask have the ministerial journals well con sidered what they were doing in declaiming so vigorously against Bassia, and in labouring to escite opinion against her? Are they very sure that in case of any grave event, England would co-operate very actively with France ? Hitherto, the facts are not of a nature to justify such a hope. Only lately it was pretended that Admiral Corry and his vessels were going to reinforce Admiral Dundee's squadron. But an such thing. Admiral Corry, who is creising in the Mediterranean, ir not going to !delta, but to morn to Lisbon. As to Admiral Dundas, the cobinet has refused to say what orders have bun riven to him. We are not better informed than M. Disraeli, whose gues t etnsio• lunniswercd, but wet make any bet that the floc. by tot received orders to quit its moorings at M,41 W • ask, then, whether, when there is nothing to show 'hit EnuirrAl will 9.1'101.1.1y go along with us (r 4 we lug 4 ,sc to direct the Cuos!ilueionnela attention to tho tot. :•.e of Vie 77 , ,tee which we give in another column), e*oulti we 111W1 t 'us* to pli.mc ourselves upon a policy, an a*Onde which tight lead ut to tight wr`h the Hu•sian r Iv orbs,* as &WU% CI:. only fled which e,u....er- Poises English power is the Eutern waters? Who would in reality profit by the victory, if not the Hog that would not have quitted Malta ? The Suisse, of Berne, of the 30th, arrived to-clay, contain a piece of intelligence highly important, if true. It says that in May 30th, Count Gobineau, the French charge d'atfiiires, announced to tho Presi dent: of the Helvetia Confederation that France sup• ported the demands of Austria. It is scarcely credi ble that the intervention of M. Gobineau can be other than of a mediatory character, at least in form. Accounts from Malta, of the 27th ult., state that the English squadron has been reinforced by two more sail of the line. The Bourse was again depressed to-day. At the opening the brokers had a great many orders to buy to conclude the settlement, and the state of the account was thought to indicate that a large amount l of securities had changed hands, and were now pos sessed by capitalists disposed to hold them. The Threes rose from the opening price of 78.30 to 78.95, but speedily fell to 78.15, at which they closed. Several heavy sales were made for the account of German houses. Railway shares were heavy, and it l is expected that several forced sales will be made to- 1 morrow to pay differences. Complaints are made of the uncertainty which hangs over the Normandy fusion lines with regard to the definitive terms of the arrangements. Bank of Franco shares were better supported, owing to a report that the council is about to divide the existing shares into four, to facilitate their negotiation. HOLLAND. ROTTERDAM, WEDNESDAY. Yon will probably learn mj Belgium that the defi nitive elections in Amsterdam, the Hague, Utrecht, and Groningen terminated yesterday in the return of six ministerial candidates, and that a ministerialist and oppoeitionist have been elected in Rotterdam. Tho result of the elections in Assen, Deventer, Zwolle, Room, Middelburg, Zieriksee, Tilburg, Eindhoven, and Bois-le-Due, have not yet tran spired ; but it is believed that the ministerial candi dates will be returned in the majority of those places. • Those definitive elections were rendered necessary Iby tho circumstance of neither of the candidates having obtained, on the occasion of the general elec tion, the absolute majority of the votes of the elec tors in its respective districts—a relative majority, with regard to opposing candidates, not being suffi cient, according to the provisions of the Dutch electoral law. A few words will suffice to explain that system. In Amsterdam. the num ber of votes deposited yesterday in the ballot box was 2,107, consequently the absolute ma jority of the votes was 1,054. There were six candidates, but only three could be returned for that city. If, through a partition of the votes, neither candidate obtained so many as 1,054, none would be elected, and the election would be again post poned. Yesterday, however, the three mentioned candidates obtained respectively 1,403, 1,259, and 1,246 votes, their three opponents having respec tively 817, 816, and 795. The election was, there fore, definitively settled. Yesterday the Monarch steamer and another steamer arrived off Scheveningen (a watering place near the Hague) with the cable which is to serve for the submarine telegraph between Holland and Eng land. The first attempt to place the cable did not sneoced. The Dutch Chambers are officially convoked for Tuesday, the 14th inst. SPAIN. A Madrid letter of the 28th ult. states that the Minister of Finance is of opinion that the govern ment ought to support the resolution of the Royal Council to refer the question relative to the conc.s• sion of the Northern Railway to the Cortes; whereas the other ministers think that the concession having been made ought to be maintained. Thin difference of opinion had led to such a serious dissension in the Cabinet that the Minister of Finance, M. Bermudez de Castro, had offered his resignation, and it was not considered unlikely that it would be accepted. ELECTION EXPOSURES. SLIGO. MR. TOWNELEY UNSEATED. Yesterday, when the committee met—Mr. Slade having summed up for the sitting member (Mr. Towneley) sad Mr. ihtddlaston having replied—the room was cleared, and when the public were again admitted, The Chairman read the following resolutions : 4 4 ' That Charles Towneley, Esq., was not duly elected a hunger to serve in the present p arliament for the borough of Sligo. " lhat the last election for the said borough was a void election. " That the said Charles Townley, Esq., was by his agents guilty of bribery and treating at the last election for the bo rough of Sligo. " That it was proved to the committee that Jeremiah Joyce O'Donovan, being an alderman of the borough of Sligo, was bribed by H. Stoner, Esq., with a promise of the payment of 1031., being • portion ',of an outstanding glee tion account, to influence lsim for giving his voto, which Ye had promised to Mr. Somers ; and that he oonsequently absented himself. 7 ."ffint it wunot proved to the committee that those acts of bribery were known to or sanctioned by the said Charles Towaeley. " That the influence of the Roman catholic priests was exercised in &manner inconsistent with their duty WI mi nisters of religion, and destructive of freedom of choice on the part of the electors. " That the committee alto desire to express their regret that a gentleman of each high respectability as Mr. Towne ley should have put himself into such hands." Mr. Blade then made an application for leave to open a recriminatory case on the put of Mr. Townley, after which the committee adjourned to this morning, when they will give their opinion on that , application. LIVERPOOL. The committee at at 11 o'clock. Several wit nesses were examined, freemen of Liverpool, who stated that each of them had received as. for loss of time on the day of tha election. BERWICK-ON-TWEED. On the committee re-assembling yesterday at three o'clock, only one witness (Mr. Ellis, of the firm of Lyon, Barnes, and Ellis, parliamentuy agents for Mr. Hodgson) wu examined, and stated that when asked before the se lect commit's an to any compromise, he stated what wu the fact—that there was no compromise within his know ledge. Mr. Herbert, also of that firm, was called, and stated that when tha proceedings terminated before that committee there were 17 or 18 witnesses in town. The committee then announced that this closed the case, and that they would report their derision to the house. BURY ST. EDMUNDS. The committee re-assembled yesterday, whet► James Clarke, a rawer tailor, and secretary of the Bury Conservative Club, was examined. !Imitated that it con sisted of between 60 and 60 memben. Hs voted for Oakes, and engaged some 200 digmen, who were not •ours, and be paid them 1261. Some witnesses were called to prove Clarks's agency, bet the committee decided it not proved. Mr. Hawkins, counsel for the petitioners, then naked for an adjournment to this day, to consider what course, with the view of saving the time of the committee, they should adopt. The members of this committee at at 11 o'clock yesterday mormag, and were engaged during the whole of the day hearing evidence in support of the case of the sitting member, to prove that no intimidation had taken place at the last election. SPORTING. LATEST BETTING AT MANCHESTER. F*I..DAT. To-day was almost blank at the rooms in consequence of the subscribers being at Newton. A few small invest ments were made, however, On the Emperor's Plate, Ascot Stakes, and Northumberland Plate, at the following prices : ASCOT STAKES. 100 to 60 must Lady Evelyn (t) EMPEROR'S PLATE. 120 to 80 apt Stockwell (t) 3to 1 Teddiugton (t) to 1 Pella] (t) NORTHUMBERLAND PLATE. 7to 1 agst Uoldtioder (off) 9to 1 Culeterdele (t) 10 to 1 Chiet Justice (o 0) 10 to 1 Donblethong (t) 10 to 1 Nancy (t) 12 'to 1 Songstress 'NAMES Mtn allENT.—Ye•terday a govern. , ment bill was printed to extend and enlarne the ah-rady granted by parliament ter the fornuton of en ent hankntent from Vankhall to it Ittrrsea-bridge, wbica will ma:.e a great zetrooolitan ironroyement. Vbe Court. The Queen gave a concert last evening at Buckitig ham Palace. The invitations amounted to near tour hun dred, and included the royal tho •whole of :ha foreign ministers, and a large party of the ability. The Duchess of Kent arrived at twenty mioutcs before 10 o'clock, accompanied by the Princess Adthilde of Hobe*. lobe, and att en d e d by Lady Anna Maria Dawson and Sit George Couper. The Duke of Genoa was attended by the Marquis dr Axes lio, Sardinian Minister ; Colonel Wylde, Groom-in• Waiting to Prince Albert ; Marquis St. Manua and Coact Delis ' Valle, Aides-de-Camp of the Duke, and the Marquis -- pallet and Count Avogadro, Offician d'Ordonnance of his Repel Highness. The Duke of Cambridge and the Priacess Mary, the Hereditary Grand Duke and Grand Duehe.s, and the Duchess Caroline of Mecklenburah Strelita, arrived, at. tended by Lady Suffield, Lady Caroline Cast. Biroreas Wenchstien, LordlWillianaroulet, Major Baron linewbeck, and Baron Liihe. Tie ladies of the royal family were received on theft arrival by the Maids of Honour, and the Grooms am' loquer ries in Waiting, and were conducted to the Yellow Draw ing-room, where her Majesty received her illustrious guests. The general company were u , herd into the Picture Gallery. Shortly before ten o'clock Icr Majesty anti. Prince Albert, with their royal and a istinguished visitors, entered the Grand Saloon, which was fitted up for the con cert. The performance immediately commenced. The following was the programme • PARTE PRIMA. Trio. " Vied al mar," Miss Fyne, Signor Gardoni e Herr Pormea Romano', "Oh Lisboaa," Signor 'tomcod. i Don Sebastim) Duo, Mariner° in guard's eta," Signors Garden' e Ronooni. (I Marinari.) Air. " Son, Je no Teal pas chanter," Mdme. Cos tchan Nicolo. Duo, "Ah pardons," Mdme. Viardot e Ilion Prue (Clemens& di Tito.) Air, " Ant einen Todtenaeken," Licrr Forme+. (Dos Wirthrhans.) Quintal°, "Pour la introits," Mdme. Cotellan, Miss Pyne, e Mdm^. Via, dot; Sigs. Oa dank a Herr Forma. (Merle Stuart.) PARTE SECON DM. Trio. "Se mi prestaree I radii,' Mime. Viarda, Slim Pro! ' e Castellon Garc:a. Serenade, 'Tesdis qua tout socameile," signor Oar duel. (1775.) Duo, " Alton. centres,"Mmes. CaottUan a Xiardot (X6re grand.) Air, " Penne t o pauplare," Miss Prue. (La part do thatee.) T6l, Mandina arnob.le," Mdme. Castellon, Signori Cardnet e Renew,. (La Villanelle 'capita.) Aire Ruses, Mdme. Viarda. Coro, "Plasido Si mar." Tulti. (Iducueveo.) Mozart. Signor Corte presided at the Pionotorte. A deputation from Glasgow, consisting of Mr. Alexander Morrison, Dean of the Faculty, Mr. George Anderson, Mr. Charles Grey, and Mr. Neale Thompson, accom panied by Mr. Alexander Haiti', M.P., had au interview with Viscount Palmerston yesterday at the Home offize. A deputation, consisting of Dr. Lankester, Dr. Mack en:::e, and Dr. J. Dslston Jones (London), Mr. Lard (Hamp stead), Mr. Walb (Bayswater), Dr. J. G. Traquair (i'arl ike), Mr. Woolaston (London), Mr. W. M. Powell (Wandsworth), Doctors Murphy, Ashley, O'Connor, anal Ogler Ward, Mr. Reginald Read, and Mr. Charles Clark (London), had also an interview with Viscount Palmerston yesterday at the Home-office, on the subject of medical re form. A deputation, including life. Knox and Mr. Robert•on, had an interview with the Earl of Aberdeen yesterday, at his official residence in Dawning-street. A deputation relative to the improvement of Glasgow Cathedral had an interview with Sir Wm..Molesworth yesterday, at the Office of Works and Public Buildittga. The deputation consisted of the Lord Prevost of Glasgow, Bailie Gourley, Mr. Charles Gray, and Jahn Strang, LL.D. A deputation from Shorediteh, consisting of the Rev. the Vicar, Messrs. Southgate and Mudie (churchwardi.ns), Messrs. Pears, and Hows (trustees of the poor), at.l Mr. John Ware (vestry-clerk, pro tem.) had an interview writ Viscount Polmerston yesterday.—The Vicar and Church wardens of St. Martin'.-in-the-Fields, the Rev. henry Mackenzie, and Messrs. Barron and Gillett, had also ata interview with the noble viscount at the Home-office. Despatches were sent from the Colonial-office y. Acidly to the Governor-General of Canada and the Govt rnots rt Malta, Australia, Van Diemen's Land, Hong Kong, and! Ceylon. IRELAND. FATAL STEAM-BOAT ACCIDENT. DUBLIN. J 3. Another steam-boat accident of a lamentable character took place close to Dublin last evening. The Ml lowing are the particulate, as tar cs they could he obtain, 4l in the confusion which followed tho occurrence • —Thep Timm one of the Teeth belonging to the Dublin mut Liverpool Steam Packet Company, and commanded Captain James Collis, left the North emit yesterday evert ing, for Liverpool, at six o'clock, having on board 303 deck passengers, chiefly emigrants, and seven cabin pas sengers. She also carried, as part of her cargo, a number of cattle. When nearly opposite the Pigeon Ikuse„ at about seven o'clock, a partial explosion of one of her boilers took place, causing a rent through. vadat there wee en immediate and destructive escape of steam. A scene of the greatest confusion and terror ensued. A number of the unfortunate passengers who crowded the deck were in steady overwhelmed and frightfully scalded by the steam ; and those who had the good fortune to escape its i'estruc ties effects weee in the greatest alarm for their live.. On the vessel being stopped the boats were lowered, and the unfortunate sufferers conveyed ashore. Nothing could be more frightful than the appearance of some of the pool I creatures presented as they were taken from the boats. Om examination it was found that 33 persons were injured, many of them severely, and that two, ado about four am, a girl about three years old, were dead. T heir bodies were removed to the hospital at the Pigeon-house Fort, where en inquest will be held on them this day. • WISDOM ON THE HOUSE-MRS.—What a picture, what a page in social history are they. No common house tops these, nor do the houses shelter men and women au& children exactly like those met with in other crowded parts of London. The inhabitants of these house-tops are silk weavers and pigeons, and pigeons and silk-weavers, accord ing as we reckon from below upwards or from above down wards. Spitalfields weavers, the men ate called, and Spitalfields weavers their forefathers were; for Spital fields, in years gone by, was the home both of the men who executed the work, and of the masters who gave out the work to be executed. But the workers have emigrated further east, to that wide prairie of small streets of small houses which goes by the hams of Bethnal green. Bethnal has a green, still ; and there may be Blind Beggar and a beautiful daughter on or near that green, the aught we can tell ; but the Bethnal-green of the house-tope and the chimney-pots, of the dove-cotes and the weavers' rooms, has very little green about it. If you want to see nature's Bethnal-green, trudge it on foot ; but if man's Bethnal-green be the obj ect of your search, take a run on the Eastern Counties Railway, and look right and left at the wondrous dingy medley that presents itself. Whc.shall num ber the little streets which the first mile points o qt. to us, end who shall remember their names ? No 'genteel " houses; no large schools; no' plate-glass windows (except to the gin-palaces) ; no squares with grass and trees and " genteel" little children with hoops and skipping ropes ; no picture galleries or museums; no omnibuses, and very few cabs; few umbrellas in wet weather, and few parasols in fine ; few carts for retail trade, and few waggons for wholesale; no smart people, and no high-born whether smart or not—but hard-working, very very hard-working, are the sights which meet the eye during the first mile and a half of this railway ride. That is, the street-sights weulti be such, ii we could/ see down to the pavements; but, bating that, we study the house-tope. • • • The house-tops exhibit these win dows as near the roof-ridge as is practicable. The weaver loves flowers (praise be to him for it), and often platys them at his window ; he loves pigeons v and builds a sate for them on the roof; he loves linnets and other wog birds, and builds cages for them ; and thus the men, their rooms, their windows, their fliwcrs, their pigeons, and tht it birds, form the elements of the house-top prospect in Bethnal green.—Diekerw's " Household Words." • AN IDIOT AS HE IS SUPPOSED TO 88, AND AN Hz is.—The popular notion of an idiot would probably be found to vary very little, essentially, in cliff- rent places' however modified by local circumstances. To the traveller in France or Italy, the name recalls a vacant creature all in rags, eibberieg and blinking in the sun with dist, i ted fa,r, and led about as a possession and a stock-in-tratle by sem phenomenon of filth and ugliness in the forma an Old woman. In association with Switzerland, it suggests a horrible being. stated at a chalet door (perhaps possessing sense enough& to lead the way to a neighbouring waterfall), of stun:cd and misshapen form, with a pendulous excrescence dangling from his throat, like a great skin bag with a weight in it. Is the highlands of Scttland, or on the roads of ITel..nd, he becomes a red-haired Celt, rather more unreasorzble teas usual, plunging ferocionoly out of a mud cabin, and casting stones at the stranger's head. As &remembrance Cr our osier childbool in an English country town, he is a shambling knock-kneed man who was never a child, tvith an eager ut terance of discordant bounds which he seemed to keep is hie protruding forehead, a tongue too large for his mouth, and a dreadful pair of hands, that wanted to r. mblo ex , r every thing—one own face included. But in all these cases the mains idea of an idiot would be of a hopeless, irreclaimable, nu improvable being. And if he be further recalled, tenth/ restraint in a workbou , e or lunatic asylum,will cab come upon the imagination as wallowing in the lowest depths of deeranation and neglect; a miserable mon ster, whom nehody may put to death, but wbem ever, ono must wish dead, and le distressed to see alive. Until wilin a few years, it was generally amnion d, even by those who were not given to husty assumptione, that because an idiot was, tither wholly or in part, deficient in certain senses and instincts necessary, in combination with others, to the due performance of the ordinary functions of l•fe—and because noir. ense• and' instincts could not he sum lied—therefore nothing could Oa done for him, and he mast always remain an object of pitiable isolation. Bt t a c'wer study of the silk.rat has now dewiest a a that the Cultivation of such senses and ins it 1- as the Idiot it seen to posst:s, will, et :ides frc goon g dela' fag er. :hat mat 14 cat with. t i.iaa tmt .1. a ',so b.irbtr tt the ring lights, a , immensely to toi; •s•e hi a eontliCoa bath VI .t rcfneace to b7u, , e'f snit to . 4 , 1 Ia I lies i tiv tht s ne gnaw jos ie AltiOrt for lb ° 'll!**‘^ hitn,.e hi- &a: than for al Indon'og any obi • : home tart , • 'war'e " k