The Express. — London, England, 1851-09-24 00:00:00

T HE THIRD VOLUME of HOUSEHOLD Week Jeureel. oloomad by CitaltJ.4 Doom, 111.1 be peidebeu to the rink hot, peke la. Ed. Oath. Velum sad IL log be bed, Mae id sob, Is eletk. Also, THE FIRST of Use IIUriLIIOLD iLLagain of Clillat•T /NEM Pries bt, la dolts. it le, Welleitto-Orot Meat 11.11‘ Cite erporoo. TO CORRESPONDENTS. A Newel pale re " The Far. cootaktiag t Ito owe midges ..rrtte," u p.abached sorry Toesday sod Ends, *teat, is time kr pot. ,cl.lelt.i.e,e4ed foe "Tin Enron," Lambs treeing paper, most bs at tilt tMice, W. leeorwihowoot, ky Two o'clock es the day d peAdOshoe. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. tnr ome—Wersai. W. 03e.. ... lk. 10-rosasyr—liare.n& 1L412‘.........A1tet5a55. 74 4.. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 24. Aitoso the many defects in our present electoral ardent there are Hone perhaps that requires funda mental ()Lange mnre imperatively than those of our county and borough registration. Anciently them was, properly speaking, no such thing as a freeholder or burgess r:aimina his fran chise. To have and to hold land as a free man by the tenure that denoted personal independence, or to Le by right of birth or apprentimakip free of the city or borough when lie dwelt, WRY an object in itself too highly prized to be suffered to remain a matter ort any uncertainty. The privilege of voting for a knight of the Aire, or a burgess " to go to the parliament," was an incident of comparatively small value—not the suledarice of a separate right. The sheriff . ..lM bound to summon all the freeholders of ..... his bt,i,iwiek to meet at noon on a given day, to name some trusted and worthy knight who should attend the king and barons at the next assembly of the " ririalme. If any man came who had parted with his freehold. or who was not lawfully entitled thenonto, it mattered little, and was speedily for gotten. The intiusion was probably regarded rather a:, a folly than a timed. Money was not to he made of a man's vote in feudal days, and the evils which sot uty laid then to contend against were not of the deceptive or corrupting kind. As the circle of citizenship expanded and industry whether in town or country ceased to take out h cense to toil. the want of identity between the so cially independent and the politically enfranchised community became more and more perceptible. The roll of the guild no longer contained the best names of the trade, and agricultural improve ments ceased to mark exclusively the " tenements mid premises held on leases for lives.' The fran chise., especia:ly in towns, grew limited, and was at length made the jealously monopolised perquisite of a few families or an hereditary clique. Land to a great extent during the eighteenth century came to be let for terms of years, or at will. The jobbing families in certain counties loved to keep up their influence, and maintained on their estates ao many hundred voters. But the free choice of the risme:nu', had passed into a fable, and the struggle fur pre-eminence was rarely determined by a small preponderancy of suffrages at the poll. The general rtgi,trt.tion fill into disuse, and was practically fur- gotten. Wlimi at length the nation first awoke to a sense of its political disinheritance, and insisted that feudal , ire, and antiquated forms of learning the arts and wearies of dilft rent crafts should no longer is 11:.1iiethe test of admission to citizenship, party spirit ran high; the middle classes found bitter and protracted resistance offered to their restoration to their rightful place in the state; and it seemed not only requisite to decree by statute that they should be enfranchised in future, but to provide how each individual sh• uld he enabled to assert and insist upon the recognition of his newly-recovered privilege. The system of registration, as we are now accus tomed to think and speak of it, dates from 1t432. It was made part awl parcel of the Reform Bill of Lord Ontoes administration. It was considered at the time as a grout luipmeement, or, at all events, as an indispensable provision of that great measure. 11 left to the discretion of corrupt local officials, it was impassible to say how many might be left on the list who ought to lie struck off, or how many omitted who had not hitherto been there. The fmn- chine was conferred de nom on large classes who had not before been known in the tally room or at the hustings; and by some means it was undoubtedly essential that they should be armed with legal powers to enforce the concession in every instance contemplated by the legislature. Every man accord ingly was empowered to perve a formal notice of his claim to be registered. Every other man was like wise, I mpowered to serve notice of objection to his admission as not duly entitled. Special judges were appointed to try these electoral suits. Once every vear the list was to be overhauled. What could be Letter contrived, or more likely to prove efficient ? But results speedily arose from the working of this new machinery that had not been foreseen. T h e annual revision mars:nailed the entire community into two hostile parti es. 'lO support and to resist numerous claimso.he employment of est& of agents, and sometimes c ounsel, was found to be necessary. No man's notic had a chance, it was supposed,unless licanclanlY we -4 professionally ready in court to sus tain it. Lil• orals and conservatives subscribed for the reasons . role service, and were taken care of by those "kr au they contributed to remunerate. Ilut all who were not st a given mom. nt to be dubbed partisans of one side or the other, were p a .kely to be left off the registry, and in point of fact ;ere so. Nor was this all. After some years of inia•;ailingconflict, the minority- abandoned the ale' iggle, and in dudgeon refused to take any further la rt ire local polities. The consequence has noto- . !' windy been that in many places, when in lapse of time and by change of circumstances new questions twos: uhkh divided men not according to the old party distinctions—intelligent and respectable per sous is very considerable numbers found themselves denuded of their privileges, and were compelled to ace the candidate, they would gladly have supported, beaten for want of a few score votes. In a word, the system of registration originated by Lord ALTRI/Rl', and enacted twenty years ago, has hail the effect of arraying society into parties, mid pledging men beforehand upon all questions of importance, instead of endow ing them with rights in the first instance without any preliminary condition founded on their assumed opinions generally, and suffering them to think and vote on each subject freely as it may arise. It has also had the effect of 4/is-franchising practically some of the most valuable, because the most moderate, thoughtful, and independent persons of all ranks and conditions, and thereby narrowing the range of candidature and vulgarising public sentiment in its tone. It is plain that for these evils the remedy must be sought in a wholly different method of registration. A tanner or a householder ought to be placed upon the county or the borough roll by operation of law, and without either expense. trouble, or personal de num!. It is not because he is a tore, or whig, or a radical, that he ought to be there, big because he is a tax-paver. 'fhe state ha s n o right to make it difficult fur ono man and easy for another to obtain the enjoyment of a right which it affects to confer impartially. Thu state has a deep interest in the effective exercise of the pri vileges it bestows—an abiding claim on the active loyalty of all its enfranchised sons. 6elf-act ing registration, therefore, is one of the most desir able objects of the Now Reform Bill. In itself it would tend very materially to enlarge the coustitu- nicks, and as we have said, in the best _possible way. But let us not deceive ourselves. The principle of self-registration was, after much debate, proles- I sedlv incorporated into the Irish County Franchise Bill of last year. From the halflearteclmanner in' which that lame and limping measure was carried, and the timid and time-serving way in which it was defended in detail, the boasted improvement in registration in Ireland. has already turned out somethingvery like a failure. Every hack of local faction, being himself an elector, may still serve notice of objection without limit; and the' result will be, if not corrected in the general measure of next session, a return in a great degree to the old and objectionable system. On this and other points, however, connected with - the Irish part of the question, we mast reserve our thoughts fur another oceassen. It is certainly a noble sight to behold a body of men, who have pat t their s own, i s a life of industry, come and lay down, several o[, THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 24, 1851. them their 5001., and ninny their 1001., for the par , poses of education. Nothing can more strongly ' prove their zeal, their disinterestedness, their ardour r to impart to all the blessings of education. Yet these same generous Men garble from society In the mass doing, what they have done in particula r- - that is, clubbing their means and uniting their efforts to organise a system of education, and raise up fit instruments to work it. Undeniably the body of society, represented if not by the state, at least by municipal or elected bodies, would do the work with far more efficiency. But education in common would, it is feared, become religion in common, nn stamped and undistinguished by the peculiar views and doctriaes of each sect. We must say that we think such fears ill-founded, and most ill-placed in the minds of those whew chief prospect must be to profit by the breaking up of state churches. It is, however, undeniable that a system of mixed or secula r education, uni versally established and actively working, would, in the midst of the immense intellectual im provement of the national mind, require great and corresponding efforts on the part of relgious teachers. Take an Italian peasant boy, and send him to a convent school to learn his lesson of immortality, and it is certain that it will require a very different teaching from the monk than if you took an English boy from a good school, where his reason had been formed by grammar, sharpened by mathematics, elevated by natural philosophy, and rendered inquisitive by history, and undertook to teach him the principles of religion. It is for ecclesiastical teachers to rise to the height of that modern mission. And in our opinion it requires all the undivided powers of a clergy man who has not only made himself master of theo logy and of the learning of his profession, but who has also studied the science of imparting and impress ing it, to give efficient religious instruction to the youth who has gone through almost any degree of the improved modern courses of education. The feeling at present prevalent is, that the school master, if not an ecclesiastic, must be a semi-eeck siastie ; that his duty is, first of all, to inculcate cer tain religious tenets, and then make his scientific or other teaching square with them. This, however, is in truth but a loose and casual way of teaching re ligion, a mere instilment of respect for dogmas, that is not enough to protect the faith of man in the bury, thinking, questioning, reel bens asking world in which we move. The Roman catholic bishop pretends, that by keeping the youth of his persuasion in exclusive schools, surrounded by merely their own atmosphere, be may succeed in so imbuing them with the prin ciple of authority, that they will never dare to reason on the subject of religion, but believe without further question, thought, or reflection, the lesson of childhood. If the Roman catholic bishop socested, he will produce but a lukewarm end indifferent flock. In old times, in a world of ignorance and simplicity, imagination made the devotee. In our age it is no longer fancy or credulity which kindles enthusiasm, but reason ing. All the men of the present day, who have gone mad on the subject of religion, have done so by a ratiocinating. process. Forbid men to reason in our day on any ono subject or compartment of know ledge, and they soon become lukewarm and in different to it. No sect or no religion will henceforth proeper or even keep its ground by the old system of religious teaching, which seized on the child and neglected the man, which instilled dogm as , and then trusted to exclusive society and closed ears to keep the grown man firm to it. This is Dr. CULLEN'S plan of faith and education. We ought to scorn any such old worldism in England. And instead of fearing mixed education, we ought to court it, give the young all the advantage of that acuteness and quick reasoning which secular learn ing bestows, and then create a religious teaching, simultaneous and apart, which should have its science, its profission, and be equal to the task of combining religious belief with the freest and highest activity of intellect. Seven centuries back there was really very little difference between the ideas, the knowledge, the beliefs of the boy and the man. And the education of the man was precisely that of the boy. What vast difference is there now between all that a boy can know, and all that a man must? The teaching of everything has made strides except the teaching of religion. We should recommend the application to it of the great principle of division of labour. Let it be one profession to teach reading and arithmetic and the sciences ; another profession to lay in tho young mind the foundation of religious knowledge. The religion that is learned from the horn-book, and the grammar that is learned from the Bible, arc both defective. Better separate them, and in truth they arc separated; for religious teaching as it is is a thing of rote. No man enters to it, no power of mind directs or inspires it. Fully imprened with this belief, we have per waived with deep regret the tendency to make the new profession of teacher a mere second rate sacerdotalism. And hence, instead of a body of teen, independent, united, free from the hypocrisy and subserviency which necessarily invade a calling where men keep place or make way by professions of faith—instead, in fact, of a lay professorial body, we shall have a class vexed by all the divisions, and tortured by all the dissensions, of sects and schisms. Every creed will have its own schoolmasters to teach mathematics as well as divinity. And the re sult, we cannot but prognosticate, will be fatal to secular teaching and its profession, without the least advantage to the intworb of religion. might lead to some regratibie disembowels of the pease, the representative d the Lando othoeted his audience to offer no resistakee, bat to &spans quietly alter giving a cheer for des septhile. Thus termi nated this extraordinary smile, wbWi exhibits in a striking light the degree of libeetylnjoyed under the passing phase of the French re ic. A semi-official denial is given to the report that the Chancellor of the Legion of Honour had refused to registerpromotion tepre t th de e nt rank of has appears that that h the right, in recompensing distinguished services, et commander.l‘i M. Leonlt aF omitting grades of promotion. The elevation of Count Mole from simple officer to Grand Cordon, by Louis Philippe, without passing through the intermediate ' ranks, is quoted as a precedent of this extraordinary distinction. Colonel Couston, who presided at the court martial which tried the plot of Lyons, has been made com mander of the Legion of Honour. General ()raison, after reviewing three squadrons of the Bth Lancers at St. Quentin, made them a speech, little calculated to dissipate the rumours of coups ff ,, tat which have lately produced so much effect at the Bourse. lie told them never to forget that bad times might return, when France would rely upon them to pursue the course of her glorious destinies. Ho wished his words to be well heard and well un derstood, when he said that if ever demagogy should again rear its rebel head, it was not with the steel of their lances, but under the hoofs of their horses, that they would reduce it to impotence. This is not a solitary symptom of a desire to familiarise the mind of the army with the idea of civil war. Two or three days ago General Goyon. commanding the cavalry school at Saumur, placazded the walls of that town with an order of the day, certifying that the young men under his command would be ever ready to make " dragonnadcs" against demag ogues. The generals assume that some rising of the people is to be the occasion of that trampling them under the feet of their horses for which they scent to be champ ing the bit somewhat impatiently. But a privileged journal has been much more explicit, and has ex pressed itself as follows: "We desire the mainte nance of the law of May 31, the re-election of the President, and that no assembly whatsoever may be permitted to erect itself into a conven tion. In order to obtain these results we are resolved to march against insurrection, and to trample under foot the articles of the constitution by the help of which it is .thought to fetter our will; we will not shrink even before an 18th Brumaire; and we will advise Louis Napoleon Bonaparte to stifle the republic on the day when it shall attempt to execute any one of its threats." When such incendiary writing as this is winked at, if not instigated, by authority, at the same time that M. Victor Hugo's letter is tortured by the public prosecutor into an " excitation of citizens to take up arms against one another," it will certainly not be owing to the wisdom of her present rulers if France escape the horrors of the civil war so much talked of. M. Emile do Girardin has called the special atten tion of the Seine jury, who are to-morrow to try the editors of the Preset and the A renemcni, to the above paragraph, reminding them that the undisguised at tack upon the constitution has not been prosecuted. The statue of General 3larceau was inaugurated at Chartres on Sunday. The weather was very unfa vourable, as it rained nearly the whole day ; still a great number of strangers had flocked in to witness the ceremony. The part of the town where the sta tue stands is the Place des Epurs, and there nt the appointed hour the authorities assembled, in the pre sence of the national guard and of a vast crowd of spectators. At a signal from the mayor, the linen cloth which covered the statue was removed, and immediately the troops iwesented anus, and the drums and trumpets sounded a charge. The mayor then pronounced an address, in which he gave a sketch of the young general's brilliant career. The prefect afterwards spoke a few words, in which he congratulated the town of Chartres on being able to boast of having given birth to such a man ; and then, on the part of the President of the Republic, presented the cross of the Legion of Honour to M. ltogi•ard, an old comrade of General 31arceau. and for many years an inhabitant of Chartres. The au thorities then repaired to a covered tribune close by, and the troops flied off before them, with which act the proceedings terminated. M. Langluts, ex-director of the lottery of the Lingots d'Or, publishes a long defence of his admi nistration in the Sleek. Few new facts appear in these revelations, which impute wholly to the dif ferences between N. Clement lteyre, the secretary of the prefect of police, and M. I,anglois, the dismissal of the latter from his poet. lie - re is accused of I having deprived the ex-director of hk right to trans- port the .100 emigrants to California, in order to give it to the society of Jesuits. The democratic party have decided to abstain from voting in the approaching election of the Finis terre to return a representative in the place of Ad miral I)efoss4. M. de la Guerronli. , re has written in the Pays an emphatic contradiction of the report that he was about to assume the direction of any Bonapartist journal. lie intends to remain at his post as n po litical ally of M. Lamartine, of whose confidence, which he claims to merit, he is proud. The Monitear publishes the text of the postal treaty j ust concluded between France and Tuscany, which is to come into force on the Ist of October. By this treaty, the postage of letters not weighing more than 74 grammes, and carried by the French packets, is 90 centimes, and may be prepaid or not at will. From 71 to 13 grammes, the postage is double, and so on in the same propo rtion. Registered letters pay double postage, which is exacted before hand. Journals, books, &c., are prepaid at the rate of 12 centimes for any weight not exceeding 45 grammes, provided they be put sous &mule, unbound, and do not contain any writing or written mark whatsoever. All regulations contrary to this treaty are repealed. Lord Brougham has arrived in Paris, on his way to Cannes. N. Arago, in the course of an interesting lecture, even yesterday at the Academy of Sciences, up o n use of the electric telegraph, mentioned that as sock as the submarine telegraph across the channel was completed, it was in contemplation to place the observatories of Paris and Greenwich in electric communication, which would furnish, besides num berless other valuable results, a much easier and more accurate means than by geodesic measurement of ascertaining the difference of longitude of the two stations, from the simultaneous observation of chro nometers on either side. At the Bourse the Five per Cents. fell 10c., closing at 91.73; the Threes fell 30c., and closed at 30-13. Most of the railways have maintained the rise of yesterday, but the Northern fell 3.13, and tho Stras bourg 1.'23. FRANCE. TARIM TCESDAT EITNINO. The PaMan de Paris states, in contradiction to the reports concerning Louis Napoleon's meditated journey in the southern departments, that the Presi dent will make no journey this year. While M. Leon Faucher is making . a triumphal through the Marne, and receiving royal se fir;ifsreaseannon at his exit from Rheims, we have to-day a signal instance of the insufferable oppres sion by the police w hich characterises his adminis tration. M. Pascal Dnprat, the democratic representative of the Landes, has been pzi)ing . a visit to the annual fete at Bar baste, in the conterminous department of the Lot et-Oaronne. He was invited to pass the day at the country-house of M. Dubroca, a wealthy proprietor, 1 in whose spacious grounds a large concourse of friends, accompanied by some thousands of citizens, had assembled to do honour to the eloquent member of the Mountain. M. Pascal-Daprat was about to return thanks far his friendly reception, when a bri gadier of gendarmes came forward with two of his I men, and wanted to stop him from speaking. M. buret reassured the alarmed officer, and was allowed to begin. A complimentary allusion to the police however occasioned a second interruption. }swat beigedier declined the civility, as a bait to draw Wm ken his duty, and rudely demanded the speaker's =srM. Duprat said that the gendarme low in t- ce he had addressed him by his name; to which the latter r9licd by insisting, and threat ening to take him into custody in case of refusal. The representative warned the menacing policeman of his inviolability, and called on him to show the seders in virtue of which he molested him. There INS a decree of the prefect, the gendarme said, Wilt meetings. " True, again s t meet i ngs i n t h e pills Rad," replied M. Duprat, " but here we are as pisses grounds." The mayor of Barbaste being =slto then stated that he w a s no t aware o f any am prefect interdicting the present assem bly; whereupon the brigadier asserted that a special decree had been issued applicable to the property of M. Dubroca. The mayor answered that he was iv sponsible for the maintenance of order, and would invoke the intervention of the police on the first utterance of an unconstitutional cry. As there was no reply possible, NI. Duprat was suffered to com mence his speech ; but presently the brigadier re turned and redemanded his paper.. Hereupon the orator stopped, unfolded his passport, and showed his medal as representative of the people. No ' mem had he resumed than his interrupter, who had mmeentarily disappeared in the crowd to receive the' 0141111 of a secret agentofpolice,came back, and using slawastely menace and entreaty, said at last in a low tone, •• Stop von must, else • I have orders to ar- Mt you." " Make this declaration in writing," said Sibmator, "and I retire at once." The gendarme' sled. A murmur of indignation rose from the arawd. Finally, apprehending that the excitement Wiwdleated at this grows interference of the authori ties with a perfectly legal and harmless proceeding ITALY. URIN, firrr. 20. The Duke of Pasqua, prefect of the palace, has been deputed by the king to compliment the Empe ror of Austria on his arrival at Milan. A mock fight is to take place, in which the battle of Marengo would be represented. THE LEVANT. The latest news from Alexandria is of the Bth. The question between Egypt and the Porte had made no progress, In the meantime, a Turkish steam-frigate had landed, on the 21st alt., the Shercef of Mecca and the Pasha appointed to command the troops for the protection of the Hadj. Oa the 24th, the Turkish regular troops, consisting of about 3,000 men of the and destined to reinforce the corps of th e A ll eeTa i x 9 , landed from two other steamers. The arrival of these forces caused much alarm. They were not permitted to pass through the town, and were marched off to Ramleh, a village four miles off. Abbas Pacha left Bennab, to repair to Cairo, and receive the ahereef and pcchs ; but neither =me to perform the accustomed visit of cere mony. The Austrian steamer arriving on the Bth ?ran Constantinople had onboard the Princes Halim Pasha, son of Mehemet Ali, and Ishmail Pasha, son of Ibrahim, who went immediately to their habitual residence with theirrelative, Said Pasha. The Turkish fleet bad not left Constantinople on the Ist. One of the Egyptian commissioners was expected from Constan tinople. The greatest agitation reigned in Egypt with regard to the intentions of the Porte. The Syrian news confirms the dismissal of the Pacha of Aleppo, for his partial conduct in the inquiry on the murder of Father Basil. WEST INDIES. The Royal West India mail packet Avon, Capt. P. Hast, from the West Indies, arrived at South ampton to-day, and landed her mails under the charge of Lieut. W. 1). Lyster, RN., Admiralty agent. Her dates are: Honduras, Aug. 19; St. Jago de Cuba and Havanna. 24 ; Chagas, 25; Car thagena, La Guayra, and Bermuda, the 26th; De merara and Trinidad, the 27th; Granada, the 28th; Barbadoes, Jamaica, and Vera Cruz, the 29th; Anti gua and Martinique, the 30th; Tampico, 31st; I'orto Rico, Sept. 3 ; and St. Thomas, 24th. The Avon carried, besides a miscellaneous freight, specie, bul lion, and gold dust, received across the Isthmus from the Pacific ports, to the amount of 770,991 dots., of which 226,22.3 is in gold, and 544,766 in silver • specie and bullion from California and Panama, dols.; ditto from other ports of the West Indies, 49,496 dohs. The total value brought by this steamer in dollars is 1,487,423, of which 859,967 is in silver, and 627,123 in gold. The Avon also had on board precious stones, diamonds, &c., to the value of 2,000 dots. Amongst the passengers by the Avon is General Sales, from liavannali, charged with despatches for Cadiz, London, Paris, and Madrid. On the 17th Aug. a dreadful hurricane was felt in the West Indies, ft-um St. Thomas, along the whole line of islands to the northward of St. Lucia. The hurricane was felt severely at St. Kitts. The Kitts Adrerttser says, the sloop Eliza F. Cook, with a cargo on board, from St. Thomas's, the sloop Henrietta, with a cargo of sugar from Montserrat, and the cutter Harriet, all belonging to the island, were driven to sea from their anchorage in the roadstead, and well-grounded apprehensions were entertained for their safety. 'these vessels were all without crews. The sloop Prinee of Wales, of Dominica, was also driven out, and went ashore at Point Town, where she became a total wreck. One man was lost in attempting to swim ashore; three others, who remained on board the vessel, reached the shore in safety after she struck. The schooner Petrel, Captain 11 attley, of St. Kitts, was driven out of one of the bays to leeward, and has not since been heard of. The cutter Margaretta, be longing to Messrs. John W. Gould and Co., was driven on shore at the lower end of the bay. She had since been got off, fortunately without sustaining any serious damage. A large boat, the property of Mr. S. A. Wade, was driven on shore near the Margaretta, and lost her anchor and mast. The bark Glaphyra, of Lon don, and the brig Emma Graham, of Liverpool, rode out the gale in safety. The brigantine Bell, of Yar mouth, United States, Captain Poole, front Antigua, bound to St. Martin's for a load of salt, was driven on shore at the eastern part of the island at 4 a.m., and shortly became a total wreck. The captain was unfortunately lost in attempting to leave the vessel. The wife of the captain and crew, consisting of five men, were saved. From Montserrat we learn that the sloop Rachel James, front Dominica, laden with coffee and cocoa, bound to Antigua, ran ashore. Crew and cargo saved; the latter a little damaged. The brig Xarifa, Reynolds, master, from Liverpool, taking in produce, rode out the gale with two anchors, pitch ing and rolling very heavily during the gale. The sloop Regulator, of Antigua, put to sea during the gale, and has not since been heard of. A vessel was passed stranded at ltosscau, in Dominica, by the schooner Fortitude, from Iharbadoes, bound to Antigua. In St. Lucia the effect of the hurricane was fright ful, and the sea rose to a tremendous height. threaten ing to engulf the city of Castries, a great part of which was submerged. The damage, however, on shore was not extensive, although several of the shore craft were destroyed, yet the shipping weathered the storm with only slight injury. A shock of earth quake had been felt in the island. The heat of the weather was intense. At Antigua six mills were upset, and others in jured. No lives were lost, and the shipping almost escaped. To the fortunate circumstance of the wind having blown off the shore was ascribed the pre servation of the whole of the vessels loading for Eu rope. Two island droughers and a brigantine were driven on shore; the barque Lancashire Witch, from Liverpool, bound to Porto Rico, was lost during the gale, on the north side of the island of Barbuda, and went to pieces in 10 minutes; the master, five men, and a boy were drowned. At Martinique, on the night of the 1 i th, the sea was greatly agitated, without being excessively rough. Various accidents occurred during the night. The sloop Herald had her bowsprit broken. The British brig Chedabucto (J. H. Basden, master), from Nova Scotia, with a lmd of lumber, ran ashore below the Figuicr quarter. Measures were promptly taken on Monday morning to save the wreck, under the aus pices of the naval and customs authorities, and of the British consul. Everything but the lumber was got out of the vesseL 'lke stranding of the Cheda bucto is attributed to the snapping, by accident, or through carelessness, of two hawsers by which she was made fast to one of the buoys in the harbour. An investigation has been instituted into the circum stances of the case. The sloop Eugene, attempting to put out to sea, lost her rudder, and had to be run ashore on the beach at Point-Lamarre; there was no great damage done. BRITISH GUIANA. _ _ The Court of Policy of British Guiana adjourned on the 23th of June, after having laid before it the draft of proposals for certain changes to be made in the institutions of the colony. Instructions from the home government were prefaced by an address from Governor Barkly, and followed by a bill. The in structions do not effect any radical change in the institutions of the colony, such as the substitution of an elective council, and house of assembly for the present Court of Policy; they merely direct that the number of elective members of the Court of Policy be increased from five to six. The qualification of the elective members of the Court of Policy, their term of service, and the rules as to the vacation of their seats, are to be the same as the existing regulations for similar purposes re lating to the two colleges. A single, instead of the present double return is to be made by the College of Electors. The rules prohibitory and restrictive of the intro duction and discussion of measures, are to be abro gated; all claim to the veto is to be surrendered; and, according . to the spirit of this part of the instructions, it is understood that the court itself, and not the governor, will for the future regulate the adjournments of the court. fhe bill is one to increase the numbers of electoral colleges. The number of the college of electors is to be increased from seven to eleven ; that of the col lege of financial representatives from six to ten. By the new distribution proposed, the county of Demerary and the city of G eorge t own , have the number of their financial representatives increased from two to five, and that of their members to the college of electors from three to five. The French steamer of war, Le Tartare, arrived in Demerara river, bringing a part of the crew of the shipwrecked,' British barque Choice, 130 days from Seringapatam. During the last fortnight the weather at Demerara, which is usually bright and dry at this season of the year, has been very showe r y. Th o in fluenza, which has prevailed in all parts of the West 1 3adies, has been very bad at Demerara. TRINIDAD. Our Trinidad advices mention that the weather had been rainy, so much so as to have retarded vege tation in certain localities, but generally the young canes were promising. The greater part of the Trinidad coolies were in the city of Port of Spain, claiming either their passage back to the East Indies, or a further bounty of a dots., on condition of fulfilling five years of additional agricultural ser vitude in the colony. The working of the postal arrangements had commenced during a grand jubi lee celebrated by the catholic population, by com mand of the Pope. A large monumental cross, 30 feet high, erected for the wagon, was struck by lightning, and shattered to pieces. This accident had greatly aroused the superstitious feelings of the population. The crop was over throughout the Island, and the amount of produce shipped to date was—sugar, 27,439 hhds., 3,393 tierces, 7.53 s bar. rely, and 10,312 puncheons; cocoa, 4,:12,3921h t • coffee, 61,8611b5. The market was well suppli ec i with all sorts of American provisions. I'ork and lard were much wanted, and there was a glut scarcity of white and pitch timber. BARBADOES. At Barbadoes the influenza has been so bad that the House of Assembly could not meet. The news from Jamaica is of no later date than that received via New York. The following are the movements of H.M. ships : Imaum, at Port Royal, Aug. 29; Deva•tation 1 41, at I'ort-au-Prince, Ifayti ; Bermuda, at Grey T , ;wri, Aug. 25; Helena, at Antigua, Aug. 30; Driver, at Panama, Aug. 25. UNITED STATES. PORTUGAL. The Oriental Company's steam-packet Madrid, Capt. J. Weeks, arrived at Southampton this morn ing, and landed her mails, under the charge of Lieut. Jame. Inglis, It.N., Admiralty agent. Her dates are : Gibraltar, Sept .15 ; Cadiz, 16; Lisbon, 19; Oporto, 20; Vigo, 20. Her cargo com prises 10 packages of specie. Groat complaints are mado throughout the country from the long-continued drought. In consequence of the existence of yellow fever at Oporto, the Board of Health, on the 13th, subjected all vessels from that port to eight days quarantine. About twenty have fallen victims to the disease since it first appeared. It ras now believed to be on the decline. all vessels from Oporto hare to perform 15 days quarantine, whether with clean bills of health or not. . . . . The following is our correspondent's letter : LISBON, Sexy. 19. Tho Duke of Terceira was placed at the head of the Cabralista party, doubtless to give effect to reports industriously spread among the troops in the pro vinces, that he " would take the command of the army" in case of no outbreak. This referred to the Vizeu affair, which has been rendered abortive, but it applies naturally to any future affair which shall have the seine object, in order that the troops may have an authe ritative name to look to. The same observation applies to the influence that name would be likely to exercise over the civil portion of the Cabralist community, in stimulating them to exertions to carry the elections—a fact which is placed beyond a doubt by circular letters, with which the country is inundated, from Silva Cabral, the Marquis of Fronteira, Terceira, and others, addressed not merely to persons of doubtful political principles, but even to those of adverse sentiments, with a view to entice them by the bait of honeyed words. There is no doubt that the Cabralistas are not only mak ing every possible elution, by threats and promises, but their agents are using every endeavour to create illegality, with a view to defeat the object of the electoral decree, by such memo, tor instance, as non•compliance with the re quisite forms and proceedings. _ The strongest possible reports have existed that the Queen has taken Terceira severely to task for having placed himself at the head of the Cabralistas ; nay, more, that she has given him the option between remaining as their chair man or as her cupbearer and master of the horse, and that he has chosen the latter. The Cabralistu boast that he does not retire from the presidency of their junta. The duke is accustomed to luxury, and has nothing but his salary; and, notwithstanding all report, the Queen's approbation of his being mixed up so promi- nently with a faction, must undoubtedly be inferred ; par ticularly when the dismissal of Saldanha is held in view, which was for n mere act of opposition to ministers. There is a circumstance which I must not omit tomention as connected with Septembrista prospects; I allude to the resto ration of Mantas to the office he was deprived of for his political sentiments. I informed you in a former letter it was considered an act of justice ; for which the ministry re ceived due credit, and it not only met with the approbation of mercantile men, but I understand many of the most highly respectable members of that body were somewhat instru mental in it ; yet this sinplo act has, it is positively said, excited the attention of a foreign government, and caused the writing of five notes on the subject, thereby showing an intervention in an internal act on the part of another state which no present circumstance can justify. Another cireunutance that I have to note will show the spirit of intrigue that pervades the Cabrals. &fiber Paiva Pereira, the late Portuguese minister in Paris, who sent the Count de Thomar the present of porcelain that has made so much noise in every part of the world, is now here. Being devoted to their interest, it is the object of the greattst solicitude on the part of the Cabral faction to get him restored to the post he vacated. That he is a great favourite in Paris may be conceived, when the government sent a steamer with him from Cherbourg, where all the French authorities waited upon him and paid him every mark of attention and respect. I mentioned in a former letter the removal from the 13tli Infantry of Colonel Padre° ; the decree, since published, says it was for suffering himself to be pub licly insulted in the presence of his soldiers, without seeking the proper means to vindicate his honour from the incentives and provocations he received front a gentleman unwed names. As the Cabralistus arc using every means to cause it to be believed that Saldanha u endeavouring to strengthen his position by a union with the leading Septembristas, and that fur this purpose many interviews have taken place, I think it right to mention that the only interviews which have taken place has been between Saldanha and Viscount Sa da Itandcira, and upon a subject which, if carried out, will reflect the highest credit upon both, viz., the abolition of the slave trade. This is a subject which the viscount has had seriously at heart ever since the period of his ministry in 1839, and which he could never bring to any perfection ; it, however, has now happily met with that attention from the government which the question justly merits, and which, I em certain, the warmest advocates of abolition will not fail to appreciate, when the details shall be definitively arranged. The question relative to the return of Senhor Fcrrao to the ministry remains in state quo. In the meantime, Senhor Fontes Pereira de Mello, charged with the portfolio of finance, is carrying out measures which entitle him to much credit. Since my last he has provided pay for 27 departments. Nor is this all; the original announcement stated that these extraordinary payments should make no change in the mode already established for the payments of arrears; nor has it done so, as pay for fourteen more departments has been ordered, seven of which will begin their course of payment on the 22nd, for May, 1850, which nearly con cludes that month. These acts speak for themselves. The treasury cheques have taken a wonderful turn. Issued as they were bearing an interest of 6 per cent. per annum, evzryone thought that any capital invested in them would be dead until a means should be found to make payments with them. This has been dissipated by the minister having announced that the interest upon them shall be paid to their holders every six months, in January and July, until they are redeemed ; the payments will be made in Lisbon and Oporto. They were at 8 dis. when the order was made known, and they immediately rose to 4 per cent., being still much sought for. The public employ 6 will therefore get his pay for September at about 5 per cent. dis., as he receives half in these cheques, a fourth in Lisbon bank notes, and a fourth in cash. I must now speak of this gentleman as minister of marine. He is introducing economy intoPtis department, and blotting out that part of the Portuguese navy which inspires nothing but disgust, and shows indolence, inactivity, and incapacity in his predecessori. The beauty of the Tagus is disfigured iby hulks of vessels of war lying rotting. The Don John is in course of sale, and the following ships and vessels are ordered to be sold on the 30th instant, from breaking up, namely : the frigates Duchess of Braganca, Diana, and Don Pedro; the corvettes Isabel Maria, Urania, ➢elampago, and Damao; the India ships, Maim Cardoso and Princess Royal ; the brig Audax, and the brig-schooner Tamega, in consequence of the state of rain in which they have been found upon survey. Thus, with the Don John, 12 vessels will be swept from off the navy list of Portugal, where they have existed merely in name, having been entirely useless, and with them some expense will be got rid of. The popular party have sent out a circular stimulating its members to exertion at the ensuing elections; and the use ful classes have had a meeting, at which it was recom mended to use endeavours to obtain the return of some practical men to the Chamber. A disgraceful scene has occurred at Cintra, in relation to the elections: the administrator, being • Cabralista, omitted to fix the lists of electors on the church doors, and being met in the street by a member of the council, words arose between them on the subject, when duo former said he had not had them in time to copy ; this being declared false by the latter, the walking-sticks of the parties settled the matter for the time ; but the affair, as relates to the break ing of the peace, is in the hands of the local authority. The administrator will doubtless be cashiered by the minister of the interior. Finding he could not remain in Cintrahe left, and has taken up his quarters in Lisbon. The Queen arrived on the 11th at the Palace of Nam aidades from Cintra. On the 12th the Spanish steamer Peninsula came in from Vigo, on her way to Cadiz ; the Patriots and Rolador are still here. On the 9th the Encounter went out, communi cated with the Vengeance, returned on the 10th, and sailed again. On the 11th, Le Voyageur, French steamer, sailed ; and on the 15th the Colon, Spanish coreette, sailed. MOVEMENTS OF HEE MAJESTY'S SMPS. - At Gibraltar, Encounter and Janus ; at Lisbon, Hogue, Hecate, and Shearwater, the latter getting steam up for Constantinople.—N.B. The Encounter ar rived at Gibraltar on the night of the 14th, ender steam, having left the Vengeance in lat. 36 deg. N., long. 8 deg. 30 mill. W., at 7, p.m., 13th, and would watt her arrival at Gibraltar. The squadron, con sisting of the Prince Regent, Leander, lircthusa, and Arrogant sailed from the Tagus on the 16th, on a cruise, and it was said they would give Gibraltar a a bail before returning. ARRIVAL OF THE ATLANTIC. (By E.ectrle Telegraph.) PROM orn OWN CORRIISrONDENT. LI vEnrooL, WEDNEADAY, _ __.......... The arrival in the Mersey a few minutes since or the Collins mail steam-ship Atlantic, Captain West, places us in possession of advises from New York, Boston, and Philadelphia, three days later than those received on the 21st by the Asia steamer. The At lantic sailed from New York direct to Liverpool on the 13th. She brings a 0 passengers and 300,000 dollars in specie. The intelligence from Cuba states that some of the prisoners taken in the island had been pardoned and released by the Captain-General. One had arrived in the United States, and the remainder of those leased were daily expected. The other prisoners would be sent to Spain. . . The cotton crops a in Florida and Georgia had been much damaged by the late storms. An attempt to arrest a fugitive slave in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, had resulted in the owner being shot dead, and his son and an officer mortally wounded. COMMERCIAL. Business throughout the States continued to improve. The money ntarket remained unaltered. Stacks were higher. The exportation of specie had not diminished. The market for breaclstuffs was inactive, no change hav ing taken place in quotations. holders, however, were firm. In cotton there had been a fair amount of business doing at New York, and fanner quotations were steadily main. taincd. New Orleans and Mobile, mid. fair to fair, 102 e. to 101 e. per lb.; Uplands and Florida, mid. Mir to fair, 101 e. to 101 c. per lb. In provisions, pork was steady, and in fair demand; mess was selling at 1•i1; prime, 131. Freights unchanged ; business limited. Exchange on London, moderate sales, 1101 . 01101; Paris, 5.11 ; Hamburg, 36 to 361: 'Bremen, 78 to ,81. LATEST FOREIGN EXCHANGES. For Aceotuit. PARIS. 6arr. 23. I For I Money.. ;Oponinpflighe.t.i 14weat.; Clofing per Cents. per Cents 3 per amts. New Loan S 0 30 33 20 :: I so so is is sa 92 I , .u, 111 73 :fie i ... 4 Per Cents. 41 per Cents • II ._„.• i :. ' ••• ••• Eleltange on Lon . don: at gnat, :3 li . , ; 00 ILays, 25 021. Belgian, 5, 1310 Dn. 3, 1812 Ik,. 46 Do. 20 .. . ... . .... ... 1 rrrasury I 9.1. Pltntmont 5 p.CL B9 1 Hank 'n it.. . .. 2134 ... PLUM, SEPT. 23.—VerPailles (right bank), 115; ditto (left bank), 211 25; Parte and toria.kno, sod; Perla and Rouen. 572 SO; Rouen and Havre, 230 ; Marseilles and Avignon, 2n7 sn; Strasbourg and 11.0 e, ISO; Centre, VG 25; Orleans an 4 Bordeaux, 34250 ; Northern, 456 25 ; Pam awl :-traabourg, 752 10; Tour. and Nantes. 202 50; blontnreau nod Ttures, 100; Bordeaux and Trate, 47 50. MADRID, SErr. 18.—Three per Cents., 3.11 ; after Bolsa, 331. Four per Cents., at —; after 1101,a, —. Five per Cents., at if ; after Bolsa, Coupons at 81; after Bolsa, S. Passives, 6 1-16; after Bohn, 6. Bank of St. Ferdinand, 100. Ex change on London, 51. (By Eketrie Telegraph.) ANTWERP, SEPT: 23.—Five per Cent. Metalliques, 781; Five per Cent. Ardoins, 141. Three per Cent. Inland, 311,. Russian Four-and-a-Half per Cents., 100. Exchange on London, 23.23. VIENNA SEPT. 22.—Five per Cents., Metalhqucs, 9:1! ; Excllange on London, 11.30 ; on Paris, 1111; Agio on Gold, 244; ditto Silver, 181. VIES NA, SErr.23.—Five per Cent. Metallicres,93l. Exchange on London, 11.32. Ditto on Parts 111!. BERLIN, SEPT. 22.—Voluntary Loan, 103; ltu4- sian Four-and-a-Half per Cent., 100: ; National Debt, MI. Exchange on London, —; Hamburg, —; Petersburg, —. IlEnttx, SEPT. 23.—Voluntary Loan, 103. Na tional Debt, 88/. Exchange on London, 6.22 ; on Hamburg, 1301; on Sk Petersburg, Mi. _ _ • HAMBURG, SEPT. 22.—Three per Cents. In terior, 321. Russian Four-and-a-Half per Cents., FRANKFORT, SEPT. 22.—Five per Cent. Metal , iques, 781. Three per Cent. Interior, 34 7-16. Ex change on London, 119 ; on Vienna,loo:. FRANKFORT, SEPT. 23.—Fiveper Cent.Metalliques, i 8;. Exchange on London, 119. RESIGNATION AND SECESSION OF THE CHANCELLOR OF THE DIOCESE OF BATH AND WELLS. (Prom the "'eaters Plying Post of yesterday.) It is with deep regret we learn that the lion. and Rev. William Towry Taw, the chancellor of the diocese of Bath and Wells, has resigned his living and the chancellor ship, and has seceded to the church of Rome. The step which he has taken was sudden and unexpected, and no small amount of temporary inconvenience has arisen from the consequent suspension of the functions of the sur rogates, who are unable to grant any marriage licenses to parties desirous of being married until the new chan cellor shall have been appointed. This secession is another painful illustration of the tendency of Trac• tarianism towards popery, and of the mischievous effects which it is calculated to produce by lead ing weak-minded but well-intentioned persons astray from the paths of scriptural doctrine and truth unto the very jaws of popery. We hope this circum stance will tend to open the eyes of many within this diocese who have been fascinated by Puseyism, to see the true character of that semi-popish system. Tractarianism is a sort of inclined plane down which men may glide imper ceptibly into all the errors of Rome. And it is astonishing how quickly persons may arrive at the bottom of the incline when once they begin to go. At first their progress may be slow—imperceptible to themselves and scarcely perm pti ble to those around them—but, as they proceed, their speed is gradually accelerated, until they rush down with an impetus which nothing can resist, and which plunges them to the very bottom of the gulph of popish superstition, mummery, and idolatry. Even Mr. Newman him self, when he first started the " Tracts for the Times" had probably little idea of 'going the lengths he has subsequently gone—(,that is, supposing he was not a Jesuit in disguise from the beginning, and the whole agitation an organised scheme hatched in the bosom of the Propa ganda at home)—but now he has drained the dregs of the cup of superstition; and we fearlessly assert that there is not to be found in the whole church of Itume a more credu lous disciple than he. His capacity for the reception of miracles and relics is enormous, his credulity boundless, his faith in them fathomless. To him nothing comes amiss—from the winking virgin of Rimini to the Holy Coat of Troves, or the lying wonders of Rose Tamisier —he greedily swallows them all at a gulp. Who can recognise in the Superior of the °Morison the subtle and distinguished sophist of the Anglican school at Oxford ? lie is transformed, and he knows it not; he has fallen a victim to his own sophistry, and stands a living monument of folly and perversion —a beacon of warning to the church and to the world. We sincerely hope that the defection of so distinguished a functionary as the chancellor of the diocese may have the effect of opening the eyes of the Bishop of Bath and Wells to the dangerous tendency of those tractarian principles which he is more than suspected of secretly encouraging. With such an example before him the bishop can ne longer continuo to wink at the eccentric doings of his examining chaplain, the Rev. 0. A. Denison. In these days of trial and difficulty, when the church is im perilled by the attacks of toes without, and the deep de signs of traitors within, every person placed in the awful and responsible position of a bishop should faithfully dis charge his duty, without br tog influenced by feelings of private friendship. WANT OF LaßouftEns.—ln consequence of the ex tremely fine weather which we have had for the last fort night or three weeks the harvest, particularly the oat crop, has come in all at once, save in the hilly or mountainous parts of the counties of Cavan, MonagWm, Tyrone, and Fermanagh, and even there it is rapidly approaching to maturity ; so much so, that a sufficient number of hands cannot be procured "for love or money" to reap it. The wages of labourers have risen from Is. to 2s. per day this week, and even at that price they cannot be procured, which has induced several gentlemen farmers to employ mowers to cut down the crops with scythes.--ilfsatts Herald. 56 13 91 90 pervi Berri ber Th gbc g Pc from sori Cur ; Islay sat 0 the 1 the 1 save of A and' ton! abo tarp ing. con]] WAS mad to hi was UI.(F. est,. of r hou. Rai( be at , als, but