The Express. — London, England, 1848-05-27 00:00:00

But the distinotions of his lordship, derived from political economy, to confound the Jew, are still more ludicrous than all the rest. The Jews do not plough, slid do not weave, they only buy and sell; there. fore they do not labour, and consequently cannot l ea d the right of labour, to enter the House or com. . All merchants who merely buy and sell have moos yo right to sit in the House of Commons ! Such is the hereditary . wisdom that takes its sett i n parliament, and denies Baron Ro•ruscHlLD a similar right, on the ground ef unfitness and incom netence A tendency on the part of conflicting opinions to 'plume the tangible and regulated form of parties begins, though in a manner suf fi ciently vague and h e sitating, to show i tself in the Constituent Assembly at Frankfort. The first impulse was given to this movement in the ante-parliament ( Vor-Parlanunt) or preparatory assembly. The true character of the proceedings in that improvised and chaotic political anion is pretty distinctly revealed in two i ncidents which occurred in it. The first is the somewhat tardy m e dye of its members not to regard their vo cation as permanent, but to acknowledge the right of the German people alone (eitazig usd (Atkin) to choose their constitution of government. The second is the se cession of the minority who withdrew from the church of St. Paul along with HECKER and STRUVE. The majority recognised the competence of the people to choose a constitution for themselves ; the mi nority wished to impose upon the people one of its framing. The movement of the minority subsequently assumed the character of insurrection,and this Mecum stance,though it at first excited grave fears for the fu ture, has ultimately contributed to repress a spirit of individualism among German liberals which possessed many teatime in common with the liberuni veto of the old Polish Diet. It has tangle them that the existence of an acknowledged sovereign power is necessary if liberty is to be established. The Committee of Fifty were called upon to aid in the suppression of the republican insurrection, and at the same time to prepare the manifesto of the ante parliament. The opening of V e Constituent Assembly a proof that they have succeestully discharged their double duty. But, in accomplishing this, they had to contend against a diversity of influences. They had to reoel the insidious cum:lunation, of Prussia; they had to combat the republicanism of the Black Forest; and they had to keep the-r ground against the reaction ex cited by that insane revolt. Amid the faltering and hesitation of opinions engendered by these in fuences two parties insensibly grew up; the one may be called the party of the sovereign people, the other the party disposed to a contract with the actual go vernments. Tie se designations are not recognised by the Germans, but they describe with sufficient accuracy the difference between the two parties which are striving to counteract each other through the whole of Germany. The party of the sovereign people is everywhere active to develop and strengthen popular iustitutioes, and to establish democratic power on as wide a basis as possible : the party seeking to enter into a contract with the existing governments endea vours to preserve as much as possible of the constituted authorities, and to re-establieh more or less the power of the sovereign princes. The one party has openly sought to supersede the Diet at Frankfort, the other to support but at tte same time to rege nerate it. Among the latter party originated the idea of a triumvirate to be appointed by the Diet from its own body. The party of the sovereign people are quite as anxious as the others to re-organise and re-establish a sovereign authority, but they wish this to be accomplished, not by the Diet, but by the Constituent Assembly. During the six weeks that the Committee of Fifty may be said to have governed and guided erermany both of these parties gained and lost the ascendancy more than once. When the popular party had the majority the proposal of a triumvirate was rejected. Tne revolt of HECKER excited a panic in the com mittee, and under its influence the government party obtained a majority, and the triumvirate was accepted. The spirit of reaction spoke out, too unreservedly, in the Diet's protocol of tke 4th of May ; the party of the sovereign people made a rally, and the triumvirate was again rejected. Matters standing thus, the Constituent Assem bly began its deliberations. The popular mood bad passed through two very different phases while the elections were in progress ; and the influence of both is visible in the composition of the assembly. Some members were elected while the revolt of H ECKER had made every man an alarmist ; others after the re-actionury projects of the Diet bad re-awakened the spirit of opposition. The majority of the members aro men of moderate opinions and tempers, but they are entirely subservi ent to popular opinion, which vacillates with the events of every hour. The election of M. VON GAG ERN expresses pretty fairly the prevailing spirit of the parliament. He was recommended to the govern ment party by his being a minister—a man in office; to the rest by his talents, by the energy with which he has aseeited liberal opinions, and by the independence he has preserved since he became a minister. All regard his elec hon as a guarantee of order and peaceable or ganisation; but still eighty-five of the party of the sovereignty of the people recorded their votes against him, because he has advocated the policy of a compromise with the existing governments, and re fused to acknowledge the omnipotence of the consti tuent assembly. As yet the irreconcilable nature of the principles which animate and direct the two growing parties is distinctly seen by but a few of the more acute and reflecting politicians of Germany. It ut M. VON GAGERN elicited an expression of it by the fee/ words he addressed to the assembly on taking the chair. lie said : " Our vocation and our authority emanate from the sovereign people." The expres sion " sovereign people " elicited cries of " Bravo" from the popular party ; but M. VON GAG ERN immediately added : " Germany must henceforth be one state and one people, and it will be so through the co-operation of all classes, and all its go vernments." He had, a few days before, expressed the same principle in still more decided language, in the Darmstadt Chamber of Peers. Prince Betimes, who is president of that bcdy, bad replied to a ques tion from one of the members respecting the powers of the assembly at Fratkfort :—" The law has as raredly authorised the convocation of an assembly for the purpose of framing a constitution ; but the law has not attnbuted that power to it exclusively, nor have the existing governments denuded themselves of their right to participate in the task." M. VON GAGERN added, speaking in his character of Prime Minister : !'The president has placed the position of affairs in the true light. The constituent assembly has the authority, bat not the exclusive authority, to frame a constitution. There never existed a consti tuent assembly which had not a government to exer cise an influence on its deliberations and decisions. And so in Germany, the governments will open communications with the national assembly, in order to prepare in concert with it a national constitution." the principles of the two parties we have been en deavouring to describe are not perhaps, if considered merely as abstract principles, irreconcilably different, but they lead those who entertain them to diametri cally opposed courses of action. The party of the go- vemments clings naturally to the powers that be ; the party of the sovereign people seeks to increase and extend the inflaence of the democratic spirit. To judge by thepresidential election, the adherents of the former are in the constituent assembly to the adherents of the latter in the proportion of 303 to 85. But it must be kept in mind that a goodly number of the 303 do not Woes to the party with which they voted on that ocesinon. It is far from improbable that the decision of the assembly on the question raised by M. RA VIALI. whether Prussia has a right to set about framing its special constitution at Berlin before the general constitution for Germany has been determined oar at Frankfort, may show the popular party to be the majority of the assembly. CULTIVATION OF COTTON IN INDIA.—A correspon dent who has access to the beet information writes us : " The Atest sthices from India about cotton inform us of the approval by government of a plan of cultivation suggested by lb. Hamilton Bell, who is in the service of the bank at Agra, and one of the largest rcmindars there ; and also of the &dog t'on of an improved churka, or cleaning machine, by the rorernment surveyor, from the advica of the spinners at the t Olo'ster mills; a concern for which we are the Euro- Pean agents, and which we supplied with men last year from the Lanceileld works. If the churka answers, as they "Pert it will, it will be a great step?! A Bianoi , PATRONISING MANLY SPORTS. —A e r"iscadent • nys, the Bishop of Durham has contributed t° the Cricket Clubcf the Mechanics' institute, etoektcn lm FRANC E. PARIS, FRIDAY, HALT PAST After M. Lamartine's determination to have M. Ledru Rollin in the executive commission, a spirit of distrust prevailed between the Assembly and the Executive, of which the latter became immediately sensible, and one of its first acts was accordingly to demand from the Assembly a decree defining its powers. It required, first, that its members should be ex empted from sitting in the Asumbly ; and, secondly, that they should be entrusted with the entire safe guard of that body. A project of law, embodying these propositions, was as usual referred to a com mittee of the assembly. The members of the Executive Commission signified their intention of resigning in a body if the decree above-mentioned were not adopted by the assembly. The reporter selected by the committee to whom this project of decree was referred presented to the commission such a form of report as would avert the threatened resignation, which was rejected. After wards it was agreed that the attendance of the mem bers of the executive commission in the assembly should only be required when eManatione were to be demanded, and then on the express requibitioa of at least 40 members, but that part of the project which entrusted the safeguard of the Assembly to the Exe cutive Commission was rejected by precisely the same majority. Upon this M. Martin (de Strasbourg) yes terday resigned his office of reporter, and the As sembly named M.Labordaire reporter. The safety and freedom of the Assembly is entrusted to the President and Questors. A report will probably be brought up to-day. The committee of finances t 4 which the govern ment project for the confiscation of the railways has been referred, have appointed a subcommittee, all the members of which are known to entertain an un qualified hostility to the project which they regard as an indefensible attack on the rights of property and a breach of national faith, so far at least as re gards the finished lines. The rejection of the measure therefore may be considered as certain. The cases of those unfinished lines of which the companies are unable to fulfil their contracts with the state will be matter for special consideration. STATE OF THE BANE OF FRANCE up to May 25, with the corresponding items of the preceding week : ...•/....I=6 Week eliding Week ending May 18. Bitty 25. 1. C. F. C. Capital ... • 87,900,000 0 67,900,1100 U ' Capital new fused tanks tteserve Reserve of new Bred backs. 2,580,09 14 2,980,650 14 Rvserve In real property ....... Bank notes in ciredatiustl 302.241,230 0 302,113,750 0 Do. branch banks Bunk note. of new fused banks - Bills to order Account current of Treasary,ereditor 20,588,06 40 *561,363 31 Divera account* current Receipts , payable at sight Ite.sluicount of but half.year 728,692 37 728,692 37 Dividends payable 176,747 42 175,090 23 Discounta, sundry interesta, and ex pens., 3,595,105 78 3,631,868 73 Bank of Algiers All= net yet invested in Treaaury bawds 1,107,223 69 1,106,923 69 Draft. of the brunch tanks payable . 1,99 0 ,976 43 2,733,820 34 Sundries 178,199 SI 499,404 86 614,852,657 50 625,06.5,0e2 80 AMTS. Coin and Club In thtVeneh beaks.-- Dille over due 10,237,736 74 17,205,290 39 Bibs and aomptances Is Pads 159,200,237 62 147,241,105 69 1/o. do. in branch banks 174,255,370 79 D 4,635,161 14 Advances on bullios Advance,' on French public hinds 19,154,682 90 29,059,042 90 Due by the branches for their notes In circulation 11,753,250 0 100,990,550 0 Stock (orating omen* • 19,000,000 0 10,000,000 0 Stock, disposable holds Investment 01 new fused • In public funds 19,744,493 0 12,744,499 0 Bank buildings and furniture Interest In Algiers Bank Interest In, National Discount Bask 2. 0,000 0 200,000 0 Dishonouredbills, or to be reimbursed 26,468,59 J 68 21,742,078 59 Expenses of management Sundt len Advanced to the State 50,000,1100 0 50,000,000 0 814,652,657 50 625,065,082 00 REPORT OF THE COMMISSION OF THE EXECUTIVE POWER ON IIIE EVENTS OF THE 15ra OF MAY. Several days before the 15th of May public mani festations which were to take place were much talked of in Paris, but all the information obtained induced the belief that these manifestations would be pacific. The conspiracy that broke out later did not show itself by any tangible in cation. These projects attracted the attention of the commission. Somany ethers of the same nature had been prisiously announced, which in reality had not even been conceived, that althoush they gave it that attention ',hied their duty imposed on them, the commission did not entertain in re ference to it any serious uneasiness. A preceding event even tranquillised the commission. On Friday, the 12th of May, a first petition was brought to the Assembly, and the petitioners, who, it was said, were to pre sent themselves with menacing intentions, had, without offering any resistance, stopped at a great distance, so that the whole ended in a mere promenade, and in the presenta tion of the petition in the ordinary forms. The manifestation of Monday, the 15th of May, seemed to be about to present the same character. The reForts on the clubs tended to confirm this supposition. " This manifestation," said one of these club.," will be pa cific and calm. The chile, the masses understand, that it is bet by extremely prudent conduct that they can regain their posi.ion." At the Club Centralisateur, Huber, its President,declared that he feared much, and that if it lay in his power to op pose it, he certainly should. The police report of the 14th of May, from which this in formation is taken, adds : " A citizen proposes to seed to the clubs and trade corporations to make a last effort. If the manifestation cannot be prevented, let all join it in a mass, but let it be made known to all Paris, by the public journals and by placards, in short by all possible means, that i this manifestation is quite pacific, and that its sole object is to obtain intervention in Poland, and to take from the fear ful or reactionary bourgeois all fear and all pretext for taking up arms." Such was the general appearance of the reports. It was, however, the duty of the commission to he on their guard; and this duty was performed with zeal and activity. The following are the facts: On Sunday, the 14th May, the commission called to the Luxembourg the Minter of the Interior and the Under Seczetary of State of the same department, the general of the national guard, tho general of the garde mobile, the general commanding the first mili tary division (Paris), and the Minister of War. The object of this meeting was to agree on the measures of defence that the following day might require. The three generals, the minister, and his under secretary, obeyed the injunction, and the discussion commenced. The mob was to assemble at the Bastille. Its avowed ob ject was to walk in procession throughout the whole length of the Boulevards,and to carry a petition in favour of Poland to the National Assembly. With this the commission were perfectly acquainted. The definitive measures were then, we admit, clearly traced. To attend to the point of depar ture and the lines of the Boulevards, to guard carefully the Place de la Concorde and the bridge. This was to be done and to this effect it merely required to call in the police and the armed farce. The general of the national guard received from us orders to command in each legion for the next day an armed re serve ready to march at the first signal, and to direct it with out delay to all the points that might be threatened, and especially to the Place de la Concorde and the bridge. The conflict, if a conflict was to ensue, could not in reality take place elsewhere. On hie side, General Tempaure received orders to hold at the disposal of the palace of the National Assembly three battalions of the garde mobile, and to keep in reserve and ready to march the other battalions distributed in the differ ent barracks. Gen. Faucher received orders to hold at the military school, and also ready to march all the troops available — infantry, cavalry, artillery. But he was not to order them out unless in case an attack by an armed force should render it an imperative obligation. The citizen Minister of War thought, and we were of his opinion, that it would be expedient to give the necessary orders to the troops in garrison at Versailles, St. Germain, Melun, Orleans, and Rouen, that they might immediately repair to Paris at the first requisition. It was in conse quence decreed that this measure of precaution should be taken. These arranzements taken and duly understood by all par ties, the council i.djourned. The execution of all these orders would obviously have ' brought out an imposing military force, and given the alert to a form still more imposing, whisk in a few hours would be ' in presence of the factions. It still remained for the commission to demand of the police an intelligent, active, devoted, and especially honest (loyale) vigilance. This vigilance the commission required of the magistrate whom the republic had placed at the head of the prefecture of police, and who alone, or almost alone, could in reality perform this social obligation. There the commissien expected to find not only vigilance but an active force in the intervention, according to the ne cessities of the event of those auxiliary corps, organised not doubtless for riots, but for order, by the names of Monta guards, republican guard, and garde Lyonnais.. Such will for the commission the day of the 14th May. They deemed it advisable to terminate it by placarding on the walls of Paris a proclamation against riotous mobs; " The commission," said the proclamation, "will not fail in their duty of maintaining with vigour the public peace wherever it may be endangered." The commission may here be allowed to observe that their provisions for the defence were more than sufficient to equipoee and combat the manifesta tion which took place on the morrow. In this respect they sincerely believe they were not in default. You will, however, soon perceive that they did not stop here; that after having given orders, they scrupulously superintended the execution of them. This will be evident front Ste day of the 15th. THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, MAY 27, 18t8. Before we arrive at that day, however, it will not be with out utility to state what was ..one on the evening of thole' h. Pursuant to the orders received on the 14th, between 6 and 6 o'clock, General Courtinn invites by letter the colonels of the legions of Paris to assemble (or the next day at 9 o'clock a reierve of 1,000 men of each legion. By another letter, he requests the colonels to repair to the general e o r t a a l if oilice . at 8 o'clock in the evening, on business of the g eneral these letters addremol to the chiefs of all the legions? To this interrogation the commission are unable to reply ; but they can affirm, and they have the proofs before them, that thel were to a great extent, and the for.. of these letters attests that they were sent as eircuLirs. In that case, then, there were two precautions taken, a force ordered out, and measures concerted with the chiefs who were to command it. In a report of Colonel de Tracy's of 20th May we find : " The 14th May, at eight in the evening, General Courtais communicated to the colonels of the legions the dispositions he had taken. The reserve of 1,000 men of the first legion were to occupy the Pont de la Concorde to prevent the pal tioners from crossing this brioge." The night of the 14th pealed in tranquillity. A few groups in the streets and in the clubs—great agitation. Such is el ested by the police reports. These clubs long hesitated before they took part in the Polish tuenifestattin. They did not take the contrary reso lution till in the night the speakers recommended calmness and peace. The 15th May the commission met, early in the morning, at the Luxembourg ; they deemed it expedient to leave the military chiefs wholly devoted to the dispositions they had to take • but ihey had convoked the Citizen Minister of the Interior and the Prefect of Police ; the utility and the ne cessity of this convocation will be readily understood. They took care to cidlect around them orderly officers in sufficient numbers for there to be no delay in the execution of the missions to be entrusted to them. The Citizen Minister of the Interior, th Under-Secretary of State, repaired to this meeting ; the Citizen Peeled of Police did not. Ho excuses his absence thus : " The lexation which has confined me to my bed these three days past, dues not allow me to go to you. If, how ever, you consider my presence indispensable, I shall await the arrival of your orders, and I shall cause myself to he conveyed to the Luxembourg to attend your deliberations." The commis ion deminded reports on the fact. of the night, on what had taken place on the Boulevard, at the Bastille; they wished to be perfectly acquainted with tho movement. While they were waiting for the report. they despatched to those points the orderly officers whom they had at their ye' al. In the morning, however, some reports reached them. In these the rassemblensente were represented as pacific : •" Tee w. rkmen are gathering together, heeded by b loners ; some rather numerous groups remain stationary, and, to all appear ance, inoffensive." One report, it is true, adds, "That fac tious speeches had been deliver. d; that they had arms con cealed under their clothes." Mention is abo made in it of the presince of the clubs, but it is affirmed that the Society of the Rights of Man had not resolved IN yet either to hold meetings permanently or to take up arms: " The rodents• den signed by the members of the government, which has been stuck upon the walls, produces a good effect ; it tends to tranquillise the population, who are ready alarmed. The men of the national workshops are at work." Another report says. : " Tae manifestation of the Place de la Bastille started from that point at 10 minutes past 11, and proceeded along the Boulevards. The men are not armed.' Among the as.embled clu b s the Bliuiqui club is pointed out se the only sae that need excite apprehension; but one of the reports emanating from the Ministry cf the Interior, contained tho following satisfactory intelligence " All necessary measures have bees taken, and M. Causeidiere has agreed with us to apprehend at the first outbreak &Airier and !Bangui." Blanqui is surrounded. A few moments before an orderly of the l'retect of Police had come to inform the commission, in the name of the Prefect, "that the mani festation was headed by men whom he could answer fur as he could answer for himself." However the com mis/eon had themselves given orders in the morning for the apprehension of the principal members of the clubs. The situation, stated by the reports which have jut been analysed, was doubtless a grave one; yet nothing led to hop pow them would be a collision attended with bloodshed. Several manifestations of a similar nature had taken place since the establishment of the republic without any serious consequences. Nevertheless on such an occasion public force ought to act. Did it act General Courtais wrote, on the morning of the 16th of May, to Citizen Pagerre, secretary to the commission, as follows : " The news I receive is satisfactory, as it regards the intentions of the mani estation. The number of those who take part in it will be considerable ; they consider it as a kind of defiance, and make it a point of honour to proceed to the Chamber, It had been proposed to present them selves in arms, but they abandoned the project. All my precautions are taken ; the national guard are quite ready." The national guard hail, indeed, been celled out early in the morning. Each of the legions furnished a disposable wave of a tbousind men. Alt I'aris at the same time was on its guard, and the devotedness and courage of the citizens might assuredly lie relied on. The national guard of the suburbs had likewise received orders. A letter of Gen. Courtais, dated May 15, runs thus . " Colonel, you will have to command this morning, at 11 o'clock, a piquet of 500 men at the mairie of Orenelle, of 600 men at Montrouge, of 500 at Vaugirard, of 500 at Gen tiliy. In case I should require the entry of them battalions into Paris notice will be given you. Should you hear the rappel beaten in Paris you will please to order it imme diately to he beaten in your battalions, and to march the battalions of Orenelle and Vaugirard to the National As sembly, ike." These orders had been executed. As to the garde mobile and the troops, according to the reports, they were disposed in the following manner: Independently of the general measures taken by General Tempoure in case the Tappet should be beaten, and in order to bring into the field all the battalions of the garde mobile, special mea sures were adopted as follows to meet the foreseen events : By order of the President of the Chamber himself, two battalions of the Garde Mobile were stationed in the garden of the palace, one opposite the bridge of Le Oros Caillou, and one on the Place des Invalides. A battalion of the 3rd Legion was on duty at the National Assembly. General Faucher bad also taken up his positions. On the night of the 14th May, by order of the Minister of War (Citizen Charms), the piqueta had been reinforced with two squadrons. The disposable troops at Vincennes and St. Denis (two battalions and a half and a battery) had received orders to be in readiness to March. On the morning of the 15th orders were despatched to the garrisons of St. Denis, Versailles, Melun, Fontainebleau, and Orleans, to march en Paris. At 12 o'clock all the disposable troops were on foot, the tad Dragoons mounted their horses in the barracks of the Quai d'Orsay. Four battalions, four squadrons and a bate twee, united at the extremity of the esplanade Of the lava !ides. Public force was aseuredly not wanting in the exercise of its duty it only asked to be directed by the men to whom the command of it had been entrusted. Instructions had been given as to the direction of the troops by General Courtais to General Tempoure, in a letter dated May 15, half-past sin the morning. " I have the honour to inform you that the battalions of the national guard will be disposed of in the following man. nor:—The Ist legion will have a battalion at the head of the Pont do la Revolution. The 2d en the Place and Quai des Tuileries. The 3d on the Carrousel and the quay, to guard the I'ont National. The 4th at the Louvre, to guard the Pont des Arts and the I'ont des Tuileries. The sth on the Place du Chatelet, to guard the Pont Neuf. The 6th and 7th in the Rue St. Denis and the Rue St. Martin, as far as the Hotel de Ville. The Bth and 9th at the Hotel de Ville. The 10th at the National Assembly. The 11th and 12th at the Luxembourg." But was this direction, thus given, executed ? The com mission regret to be compelled to state, since all the reports which they received agree on this point, the forces were suf fich rat, the commander alone was in fault. The Ist legion, which was to occupy the bridge, did not occupy it, and did not arrive until the briege had been invaded. The 4th legion arrived there, it is true, at a quarter ti twelve. It had even received order; from the President of the Assembly to form in battie array, and to pre , sent an impenetrable mass to the approaching crowd. But in an instant a contrary order was given, and in con sequence of that order the horse-road was opened, and the crowd was allowed freely to pare. The other legions re mained with their reserves waiting for orders, which they did not receive until the afternoon. The 2d legion had so early as eight o'clock in the morning marched 1,400 men to the 'Tuileries. They remained there, resting on their at ms 2 all day. At the approach of the procession they demanded cartridges of the staff, without obtaining any, and did not receive any from the mairie until halepeat two o'clock. The battalions and squadrone of the army, the artillery assembled on the caplanade cf thee Invalids, remained inactive, or received orders to withdraw. The bat, tedium in the interior of the Palace were all avail able, and at hand. What orders did they receive How was the executive commission employed? Their orders given and placed in hands which they judged capable and faithful, they might have stopped here and have waited. They did not accept this passive part in the midst of the events ; they ought not to have accepted it. On all aides they send out orderlies to follow the movement of the manifesto don. They send to the bridge, to the Place de la Concorde; troops are stationed there; the bridge is occupied; the order of rendering the horse-road free is not yet given. About 12, the executive commission thinking that to perform their duty better they should divide their action, decide that three of their members should repair to the assembly, that two others with the secretary should remain at the Luxembourg.. The former were to watch over the events from a-near to meet contingencies; the others were, according to events, to take the measures they might deem useful. On their arri val at the assembly the citizens Ledru-Rollin and Marie learn the bridge has been crossed, that the petitioners are at the gate, that they wish to force the entry; at that instant they repair thither in all haste—the citizen Lamartine goes there like wise; but the language of conciliation was useless—the gate of the railing is opened, closed, opened again, closed once more—the noters climb over the rails. The crime is known. Rebellion may, notwithstanding physical force, have in vaded the sanctuary of the Assembly, but, thanks to God, it was broken down by that moral force opposed to it, by the calmness and dignity of your attitude. One moment, it ie true, you were as if you bad been in the public street ; but you sat, and the majesty of the country, radiating around your persona, veiled with its splendour all this factious de bauch, which the gravity of history refuses even to record. While these ever to be lamented events occurred, the assembly, the commission were not inactive. Citi zen Paguerre, who was a witness of the invasion, hastened to return to the Luxembourg to inform Kum. Arago sad Gamier • Pogo of what had Sakai Iplaoe. It was then one o'clock. Upon these 'deicer and from • quarter to half pest sae o'clock the eloosmision gave orders to all the mayors to beat the rappel. At two o'clock they sent the same order to the general star office of the national guard, so that from two points at • time the order to beat the rappel is given. On these orders being received by the 10th legion, the one that would be the first to march to the defence of the assembly, and by the others at j past 1 ' and at 35 and 40 min. past 2 the tappet was beatenevery where. A similar order ts despatched to the mayors of the suburbs. There, as in Paris, the order is executed. The questors, on their side had written to the mayors. In one hour arose ell those columns that, at the boat if the drum, thronged in the streets of the capital. It than became necessary to indicate • direction. The commission do this; they give as the points to be defended : the Assembly, the Hotel de Vide, ' the Prefecture of Police, the Bank, the Luxembourg; and give the necessary orders to that effect. At half-past 3 o'clock the commission invests General Faucher with the command of all the military forces of Pa. I ris, comprising the national garde mo'ile. The country is acquainted with the issue of all these mesaures. The city of Paris saw the riot vanish before the national force. Here ' the commission msy stop ; • great shock had been given ; much, doubtleas, remained to be done at the end of the day to efface the traces ; these traces are now obliter ' Med. In reality, considerable forces march in the direction designated, and specially towards the assembly invaded. They proceed however, with prudence. A heavy responsi bility weighed on the members of the commission, who had ' ordered the rappel to be beaten. To deliver the assembly from the factions who had in vaded it and who threatened it, was a duty at which none assuredly hesitated; but it was known that the men who had penetrated into it had arms concealed. Would they stop in their violence ? Surrounded and attacked by a superior force. what would they do? What resolution would they take in a desperate condition and conquered ? Let those who witnessed the scenes of disorder the assembly had to support lor two hours, reply to the question. The commission, however, did not allow themselves to be engrossed by these thoughts ; they succeeded in reconcil ing activity with prudence. By their orders the legions continued to advance. . . . Thanks to Heaven, the accumulation of forces produced the desired efts, et, and, protected by the demonstration, was enabled to deliver the assembly. The garde mobile expelled the factions. The sitting was resumed, and, in the absence of the president, who was thrown from his seat, the Citizen lluelne, Minister of Fii ante, temporarily took the chair. Meantime the report of the dissolution of the national assembly, and of the proclamation of a new provisional government, was spread over l'aris. The factious, on leaving the assembly, rspaired to the Hotel de Ville. In this situation the commission continued their labours. They considered that the national assembly should not a single instant cease to manifest its existence ; that if the place of its meetings was invaded, it ought, until the public force had avenged the attack, to continue its deliberations ; the commission, in consequence, sent an invitation to the assembly to sit at the Luxembourg. The legions of Paris were to repair to this spot, and be stationed around it. The lintel de Ville, menaced likewise, called the attention of the commission, who sent forces in that direction. The Citizen Arogo, one of their members, repaired fer this purpose to the Rue de reunion, and announced to the 11th Legion posted there that he would head them and advance on the Hotel de Ville ; but the arrangements made to receive the assembly if it thought proper to accept the invitation of the commission, rendered it necessary to relinquish this pro- ject. Other legions were on their march towards this point, which the rioters had selected for the purpose of proclaim ing their provisional government. A report of the Mayor of Paris bat already made known what took place there ; it is then useless to state it here. In the midst of these grave facts an incident should find its place. At the moment at which the commission were organising a gem ral defence against the riot, two men aimed at the Luxembourg. One of them, Quentin, ad dressing citizen Aril() ' told him that he came in the name of the new provisiona l government, to take possession of the palace. Citizen Arago apprehended him with his own hand, and ordered him into confinement. Another wu taken into custody by the order of citizen Oarnier Pages. At the Hotel-de- Ville the same facts were renewed, but on a larger sc►le, and the commission learned that the Marie of Paris had been polluted but an instant by the presence of the rioters. . . . . . They soon lesrned likewise that the national assembly had resumed its sitting, and the exercise of its sovereignty. After a few hours of an insensate struggle, the riot had fled before the proud and calm attitude of the whole people. The conspiracy of the 15th of May was conquered without a battle, without blootshed, by the mere power of right, which founded the republic and which will defend it against all factions. The commission are unwilling to extend their report. Was there a conspiracy? Who are the culprits? These questions are in the domain of justice—justice will solve them with calmne , s, hut with firmness. MADRID.—The Madrid mails of the 21st have arrived. Cadiz was declared in a state of siege by the captain-general of that district on the 16th. A bando of the political chief, 1). Melchior Ordonez y Viana, says ; " Every person on arriving in this city is to present to the commissary of his district caution for I his conduct from a citizen in my complete con fid ence if he wishes to stay longer than forty-eight hours ; else he will be fined 500 reals, and receive his pass port, or, in case of suspicion, be dealt with accord ingly. His surety is to be responsible for his con duct daring his residence here.' Ferrer's band at Ba,gnol, near Valencia, is said to have been dispersed. Three columns are in pursuit of the Mayorezgo of Pego. The Commandant-General of Alicant has declared that province in a state of Iliege' NAPLES. By the Pericles, arrived at Marseilles, we have letters from Naples to the 18th. The Chamber was dissolved, the city declared in a state of siege, and un limited liberty of devastation and pillage conceded to the troops and the larzaroni. The national guard is represented to have acted with the greatest heroism. Attacked at once by four regiments and a great f..rce of artillery, it submitted to destruction, but did not yield. The King, who commanded these atrocities, had published a hypo critical proclamation, announcing the formation of a new civic guard and a new convocation of the Chambers. An insurrection is announced in Calabria,the popu lation of which it was said was about to march upon the capital; the troops had been ordered out to oppose them. Meanwhile the Lazzaroni were allowed to overrun the city, waving white flags, carrying images of the Virgin, shouting " Viva el Rey !" spread ing terror and despair, and committing the usual atrocities. Admiral Baudin had, it was said, demanded 800,000 francs as an indemnity for the losses sus tained by French subjects. Advice, from 'Messina to the 17th have arrived. On the ISth the citadel recommenced firing on the town. The inhabitants immediately returned the fire, but the commandant of the citadel, Gen. Pronoi, seeing that there was no appearance of surprising the town, ceased his fire on the 16th. ROME.—We have received to-day letters from Rome of the evening of the 18th May. They say that since the Rth nothing important had occurred at Rome, and disprove tho truth of the letters from Civita Vecchia, stating that the ministry was about to be dissolved, and that new troubles had occurred. Cardinal Giacchi had refused, on account of his health, the presidency of the Council of Ministers and the Portfolio of Foreign Ecclesiastical Affairs, which had been offered to Cardinal Aurat, Legate of Bologna. GERMANY. AUSTRIA.—The Wiener Zeitung of the 21st states that the ministers (who retained their places, the Em peror, in his hurried departure, having forgotten either to reinstate them or appoint others in their place) were still wi.hout authentic information of his Majesty's movements. In a stop-press of that jour nal, a letter to Count 'lontecuculifrom an envoy of the magistrates of Vienna sent to learn the where about of the imperial fugitives, states that alter seeking them in vain at Linz, he had fallen upon their track at Ems. All accounts agree that the imperial family left Vienna in such haste us not even to take a change of clothes with them. Their intention was at first to go to Isehl : the Salzburg route was first thought of in Lambach. There had been a run upon the bank at Vienna for gold, but no want of specie was apparent. PRUSSIA.—From our Berlin correspondent we ' have the following communication: BERLIN, MAY 23.—The recall of the Prince of Prussia is still the prominent topic of conversation and discussion. And now a few words respecting the draft of the new constitution, briefly and hastily referred to in yesterday's poatacriptum. The let chapter declares that all the portions of the present Prussian monarchy, with the exception of those parts of the grand duchy of Posen which are reserved far a special national re-orgaaisation and constitution, form the Prussian territory in connexion with the Germanic confederation. The 2nd chapter defines the rights of Prussian citizens, declares the inviolability of domicile and of property, the abolition of confiscation of property and of the censorship, the freedom of religious be lief, of instruction, of petition,of the press, and of association With respeet to open air meetings, however, it is set forth that they must be announced to the police 24 hours before they are held, and that permission to hold them must be ob. tamed. The inviolability of the poet office is also declared, except in time of war, and in eases determined by law. All Ptomains are bound tu mditary_aervice (wehrpfliatig). The 3rd chapter relates to the Kim—declares his Piro= in riold• and his annistan responsible ; confess on Aim alone the executive power, the command of the army, the appoint ment to all pats in it, u well sa in the civil service ; the tight to declare war, to contract peace and treaties (commer cial ones to receive the assent of the chambers), and to con voke and dissolve the chambers, he being obliged, how ever, to convoke the electors thirty days, and the chambers 60 days after the dissolution. The King may also .d ours the chambers, but, except with their consent, not for a logger period than 30 days. The crown is declared Lem ditary in the mail line of primogeniture. The 4th chapter treats of the ministers. They may be put on trial throegh a resolution of the second chamber. The first chamber being the tribunal, they will have the right of admission ti both chambers, but that of voting only in the one of which they are elected members. Ministers not members will Lave no vote. The fith chapter refers to the two chambers; the went of the chambers and of the King is necessary for every law • the first chamber will consist of the princes of the blood royal, and GO members (at the highest) chosen by the King out of those citiems of the state who peewee a clear income of at least 8,000 thalen, the tight of sitting in the chamber being hereditary in the eldest male descendants of these sixty ea long as the former coatinue to poress the above clear income, Besides the GO, it is proposed to admit 180 more es members of the first chamber, the latter number to be eh cted by the general electors in the second degree—in other words, by in direct universal suffrage. The qualifications of members of the first chamber are, that they be 40 years of uge, and pes simist of a clear income of 2,000 thalers ' or that they pay yearly in direct taxes 300 theme. Member, of the High Court of Judicature, of the Academy of Sciences, and the head burgomasters of towns of more than 25,000 inhabitants (provided the last be at least six years in office), are eligible, even if they have smaller incomes or pay lets taxes. Mem bees of the first chamber to be chasten for eight years, the half of the number to be renewed every four years. The members of the second chamber will be chosen for four years, the half to be renewed every two years. Both chambers to be convoked every year in January ; the sittings to be pub lic. Votes to be decided by a clear majority. Full kberty of speech in the chambers, and right of forwarding addresses to the King. Exemption of members from arrest during the sitting of the chambers, except with the consent of the latter, or when taken flagrance delieto. Payment of members of the aecood but nut of the first chamber. The 6th chapter declares the indepeadence of judges, their appointment for life, the publicity of the courts of law, and trial by jury for certain categories of offences, including political and press ones. The 7th chapter deter mines that the budgets be prepared every year in advance, and that no state loans be contracted except by virtue of s law. Such is an analysis of the draft of the new constitution, which, for a certainty, will undergo some modifications in those parts, relating to the, nomination and election of the members of the first chamber. . . The oft-adjourned review of the civic guard took place this day ; some 20,000 assembled, and their appearance was tolerably good. The King wan, on the whole, well received, and many cries were heard in favour of the Prince of Prussia. As his Majesty was passing by the university, some students in the balcony (who had previously displayed two black flags, whick they were obliged to remove) took off their black cravats and began waving them in an excited manner . This affdr has been brought before the general body of the students who will come to a decision to-morrow. The society of mechanics did not attend the review, and only a few students were present. The town of Oels has forwarded a petition against the recall of the Prince of Prussia, de claring that that step is the beginning of a reaction on the part of ministers. MADRID, idsy 20. The British arms were taken down from over the door of the embassy yesterday morning. This circumstance is not noticed in the papers, from the fear of increasing the :monism consternation that prevails throughout tbe popula tion of the capital, and is gaining in all parts of the Peninsula, in consequence of the rupture of relations with England. The press, which continues, under the present dictatorship, to be purely ministerial, no organ of progress caring to challenge the thunderbolts of the little Jupiter of the "situation," does all it can to calm the extreme appre hensions which pervade every class of society. The Herald° opens its columns with a leader in this view, giving its sapient reasons why England cannot, and dares not, war on Sp tin. It is cier from this that Gen. Harems looks upon the moment as favourable for pulling the nose of John Bull be cause his hands are tied. The Philistines teazed Samson in that way ; but had to rue their sport. The green withes mentioned by the lieroldo as binding the wrists of Britain, may be burst at some unexpected moment, lad the puny mockery be punished by a coup de pette. But Hermes inu mates also that he rests his case on the right of every govern ment to self-defence. The fact is, that the whole business hinges on this. The nature of the documents which have been consigned to the special envoy, Count Mirasol, to be ex hibited to the English ministry in proof of Sir Henry Bulwer hiving levied war against the Spanish government, will decide the match between our representative and the Spanish dictator. But there is a wide difference between holding friendly rela tions with the leaders of a party persecuted by the govern ment, and levying war against the government. An am bassador who should confine his friendships to the pirtyin power, and cut to-morrow the men with whom he holds official intercourse to-day bemuse they have to resign the benches of office to their adversaries, would not be actin ) , exactly with the dignity and independence suitable to his mission. if an insurrection ' like that of the 26th of March, break out, and members of the opposition take refuge from the persecution of the government under the roof of a fo . reign minister, as some of the progresistas did after the 26th ' of March, under the roof of Sir Henry Bulwer, before the government can compiler itself aggrieved, the guilt of the refuged ought to be established by some presumptive evi dence. Then the government can formally demand the de livery-up of the conspirators; and if this be refused, it may proceed, as in the familiar instance of the Duke of Riperrta, to violate the asylum, and seize the persons protected,. rely ing upon their right to clear them with the government of the offended ambassador. Now, not an atom of all this has been done in the present instance by the Spanish government. Instead of a frank remonstrance with Sir Henry Bulwer, who was disposed to act by them with fairness no less than courtesy, the Duke of Sotomayor sent &letter crammed with all the foolish stories that he could pick up from his informers about a revolutionary com mittee sitting in Mr. Bulwer's house, and plotting damnable treason for the destructicn of the monarchy, &c., to Senor isturix, who was instructed to complain of these doings to Lord Palmerston, and to solicit the recall of Mr. Bulwer. The English envoy getting a full list of the absurd calumnies alleged against him from Lord Palmerston, called on the Duke of Sotomayor, and expostulated with him in an ami cable tone for making those indirect representations without taking the trouble to ascertain their accuracy, which he might so easily have done with a person of Mr. Bulwer's urbane and friendly manners by just stepping across the way. Mr. Bulwer then said that if this proceeding had been adopted towards him he should have made not the least dif ficulty in confessing the real state of the case, as he was about I to do now. Certainly some persons, ten in all, who feared to be arrested by the government, had come to his house after the night of the 26th ; but that so far from becoming the chairman of a revolutionary tom mittce, composed of these, he was persuaded that not one of them was connected with the outbreak ; but they, seeing that the government arrested indiscrimi nately leading men of liberal opinions, without the least ground for presuming their guilt, had been frightened, and come to him. One of the ten be believed was a spy of the government. They were now all gone, and without any passport from him. The Duke of Sotomayor expressed him. self quite satisfied. Meanwhile Isturiz. who bad failed in procunng the recall of Mr. Bulwer, shocked no doubt at the want of dignity in the precetdings of his government towards the Enelish envoy, and disapproving equally the puerility of their accusations as well aa the rancour of their hostility against Lim, flatly refused to remain any longer the instrument of such unreasonable attacks, and wrote, as I have heard from a sure source, to his government, on the Ist of May, to say that if he was required to renew hostilities against Mr. Bulwer, he should beg to retire. Narvaez, resolved upon getting rid of so firm an obstacle to his arbi• teary violence, determined to do himself what Isturiz and Lord Palmerston refused to do for him, and proceeded to a direct assault. Int Court. The Queen and Prince Albert, accompanied by the Prince of Wale•, Prince Alfred, the Princess Royal, the Princess Alice, the Princess Helena, and the Princess Louisa, left Osborne, Isle of Wight, at twenty minutes before three o'clock yesterday, crossed in the Fairy to 'airport, and travelled on the London and South Western Railway by a special train to Nine Elms. The august party were escorted by a parts cf Lancers to Buckingham Palace, where they arrived at twenty-five minutes pad six o'clock. The Duchess of Cambridge honoured the perform arm of, the French Plays with her presence yesterday cveising. Mr. E. Vivian, .M.P., and Mr. E. Turner, M.P., had an interview with Sir 0. Grey yesterday at the Horne office, to present a loyal address to the Queen from Truro. Mr. W. Taylor and Mr. W. M. Dansey had an in. terview with Earl Grey, yesterday, at the Colonial.office. The Rev. J. S. Jenkinson, Vicar of Battersea, Mr. Morris, and Mr. Phillips (churchwardens), and Mr. Chad win, the vestry-clerk, had an interview with the Commis goners of her Majesty's Woods and Forests yesterday, at their office in Whitehall•place. Mr. T. C. Whitmore, M.P., had an interview yesterday with Sir G. Grey. A deputation from the City, consisting of Mr. Masterman, M P., Mr. Alderman Johnson, Mr. J Wood, Mr. Towle, Mr. Perkins, and the City Remembrancer, attended yesterday at the Home-office, and had an interview with Secretary Sir G. Grey. Her Majesty and Prince Albert do not intend to go to Windsor to pass the Ascot week as originally announced. It is the Queen's intention to honour the races (on the Cup day), accompanied by the Prince Consort and a brilliant retinue ; but will proceed by railway to Slough, end thence to the race course, and return to Buckingham Palace the same evening. Col. C. Rowan, senior commissioner of the metro. politan police, will, it is said, shortly receive the honour of knighthood from her Majesty. FUNERAI, OF LORD ASIIIII:RTON.—The mortal re mains of the much-lamented lotd reached tke Grange, the family seat, near Axlesford, Hants, from the seat of the Marquis of Bath, Longleat, Wilts, on Thursday. The rune rat took place the following morning at Northington church, the nearest village to the Orange, and about two milts tart from from the maiudoo. (Prom last night's Casette.) Dowayin-irratrr, MAY 24.—The Queen has given orders for the appointment of Capt. G. G. Lech, RM., to be an Ordinary Member of the Military Division of the Third Clam sr Companions of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath. DOWNING-STREET, MAY 24.—The Queen has ap• pointed Lieut. W. Wooldridge, R.N., to be lieutenant of tU port of Gibraltar. FOREIGN-OFFICE, MAY 26.—The Queen has ap pointed W. D. Christie, Esq., to be her Majtaty's agent and consul-general in the Mosquito territory ; W. G. Nicolas, EN., to be her Majesty's consul at Mobile. - - WAR-OFFICE, Mae 25. let Drag. CAL—Lieut. R. A. Moore, to be cep., by per., viceCrofte. who net Cor. and Adj. E Bradbury, to have the rank of lieut.; Om. B. Tomlin, to be lieuL, by par., vice Moore; W. J. Birt, gent., to be tor., by pur., vice Tomlin. god Drag. Gds.—Serj.-Major C. Marc, from the 12th 16. Drags., to be nor., without pox.; J. F. Godfrey, gent., to be cor., by par., vies Mare app. to the 12th Lt. Drags. 12th Lt. Drags.—Cor. C. Mare, from th , lad Drag. Gd., to be oar. Ace Grogan, prom. ; Cor. C. Meer, to be adj., vice Prior, who readmit the adjutancy only. 17th LL Drag.—Cor. IL St. George, to be ad George, vice Fleming, promoted. Coldstream Reg. of F. Gds.—Llent..CoL W. Treveljan, from h.-p. Bard F., to be apt and lieut.-col., vice W. If. Cornwall, who each. tad F.—Brew. LieuL.CoL W. Herding, from h..p. unit., to be major, vine M. 8. H. Lloyd, who exch. ; Capt. IL W. Mated to be major, by pur., vice Harding, who rets. • Lien. W. J. Oldham to be mid., by per., vice Slated ; Ens. F. Matthas to be lieut., by par., vies Oldham. llth F.—Ens. 1. 8. Travers to be lieut., without put., vice Chat mere, dee. ; F. T. L. Paterson, gent., to be ensign, vile Travers. 17th F.—Major D. G. Freer, from the 3rd West India Kest., to be major, vice Clarke, who exchanges. 22nd F.—Lieut. J. F. Thackwell to be cant., by par., vice Soutar. who reta. • En. T. Young to be lieut., by pur , vice Thckwell; Ens. L. S. Cott on, from the 28th F., to be lieut., by pur., vice E. S. Smith. who reta.; En. D. P. Bouverie, from the 73rd k'oot, to be ens., vise Young; Lieut. J. Brennan to be adjL, vice Thackwell, promoted. 28th F.—Ens. S. Hackett, from 55th F., to be ens., vice Cotton. prom. In the 22nd F. 30th F.—Lieut. C. D. Oliver, to be capt., by par., vice Steele, who refs.. ; Ebb. W. W. it. Greene, to be lieut., by pur., vice Oliver; M. Pennefuther, gent, to be ens., by pm., vice Greene. 32nd F.—Capt. the Hon. R. Watson, from 1.. p., =at., to be met, vice T. D. Kelly, who each., receiving the difference; Lieut. IL R. Wane, to be capt., by pur., vice Watson, who ret. ; Em. C. F. Steuart. Li be bent, by purr vice Ware; Ens. H. K. Drury, from the 41st F.. to be ens., vice titenart. 34th F.—Amid-Mug. W. S. Johnstone, M.D., from the 46th F., to be aesist.surg., vice Frazer, prom. on the doff. 37th F.—Copt. n. F. C. Annceley, from the 63rd F., to be capt., vice Phipps, who exchanges. 40th K—G. 0. Bowdler, gent., to be ens., without puichnee. 41st F.—M. A. Waters, gent., to be en., by pur., vice Drury, app. to the 32nd Foot. 48th F.—Ens. IL B. N. O'Sullivan, to be lieut., by pur., Moe Wernysts, who ret. ; E. E. C. Colthurst, gent., to be en., by pur., vice 50th F.—Ens. W. Barry hie liras permitted to resign bin commis. Mon. 55th F.—Ens. T. S. Brown, to be lieut., by pur., vice Denny, who TEL ; W. 0. Cunningham. gent., to be ens., by par., vice Brown. 57th F.—Lieut..Col. W. Roes, from h..p. =OM, to be lieut..coL, vice H. S. Phillips, who exchanges. 58th F.—A. Cooper, gent., to be ensign, by pm., vice Hackett, app. to the 28th F. 614 F.—Em. W. 11. Well, to be licuL, by par., vice Haycock, who ret. Gebbett, gent., to be ens., by pur., vice Wall. Ord F.—Cape 11. B. Phipps, from 37th 1., to be cwt., vice Annes. ley, who each. 70th F.—Lieut. W. Cooper, from the 3rd W. L Regt., to be lieut., vice Down., who exch. 73rd F.—Lieut. E. Wellesley to be rapt., by pur, vice Wardlaw, who ret. ; Ens. O. J. Burne, from 77th P., to be lieut., by pur., Mae Wellesley ; G. Davies, gent., to be ens., by pur., vice &aver* cep. pointed to 22nd F. 77th F.—W. 11. Weator, gent., to be ens. by par., vice Borne. prom. In the 73rd F. 84th F.—Lieut. B. Hein, from the 89th F., to be lieut., vice Fair. cloth, app. iparter-master. 86th I.—AMA:Kure. J. Kettle, M.D., flan the Staff, to be assiaL swg. 84'lli v :I.— ceI tteu ing e. let. oe White, at from IL.p., 39th F., to be lieut., vice Mein, app. to 84th F. 93rd F.—Lieut. 8. Blake, from the Royal Canadian Rile Beg., to bo Beat, vice Lloyd, who exch. 3rd West India Reg.—Major E. M. Clarke, from the 17th F., to be major, vice Freer, who each. ; Lieut. F. W. Dowse, from the 70th F., to be Boot., vice Cooper, who each. ; Serj..Major T. Taylor, frost the 17th LL Drag., to be ens., without pur., vice Grant, prom. I Royal Canadian Rifle Beg.—lituL J. J. Lloyd, from the 93rd F., to , be lieut., vine Blake, who exchanges. Royal Newfoundland Comps.—Lieut. C. F. Tyler, frem the 75th F., to be lieut., vice Nicholls, prom. St. Helena Regt—W. H. Hole, gent., to be ens., by par., vice Comae, whom appointment has been cancel:ed. Ilsscrr.—Capt. the Hon. R. Watson, of the 32nd F., to be major in the army. HosenaL Seam.—Am-Sorg. P.S. Laing. from 86 th Fo to he ars , muff. to the forces, vice Kellie. who exchanges. THE REFORM MOVEMENT. MEETING AT ROCHDALE. On Thursday evening a public meeting was held in the Public Hall, Rochdale, for the purpose of considering what measures to adopt with nip:et to obtaining a reduc tion in the national expenditure. Mr. T. Liv,sey, the chief constable, was appointed chairman. The CHAIRMAN opened the business of the meeting by reading the placard convening it. He said he quite agreed with the purport of the placard, as to the propriety of ex tending the suffrage, as the time had arrived when a further reform in the representation should be made. The suf frage of past years had been all on one aide. Lnrd John Russell had said that the people did not want it; but it was not so. He was one who wished to see the social and moral elevation of the people, and the suf frage was part and parcel of the education of man. The distress that existed was in some measure owing to the fran chise being unequal, and if the people were fairly repre sented nine-tenths of the evils that were complained of would be removed. The present reform movement was for house hold suffrage, but he was decidedly in favour of universal suffrage. (Cheers.) If the national expenditure was guarded more by the people, there would not be so much money squandered away as at the present time. Though he was for universal suffrage, he would, under existing circum stances, go with the present new reform party in obtaining an extension of the franchise. Mr. 0. 011111 ROD moved the first resolution, to the effect : That as the public expenditure of the country is increasing, there is no hope of any good being &me so long as a great many of the tax. payers are not fairly represented. It was high time to begin arid look after the government of the country, when it was a fact that in England every man, woman, and chin was taxed 21. 12.. 6d. per head per an num- The amount in the United States of America was only 9s. 7d., and in France 11. 4s. It was high time to agi tate until government brought better measures forward, or allowed others to do so for them. Lord J. Russell had said government could not be carried on at a lees expenditure, but the bulk of the people knew better. So long as certain laws exist the aristocracy would continue to sponge upon the people. It was poverty that caused agitation. Some had said the distress now so prevalent was owing to a repeal of the corn laws and free trade measures, but he (Mr. Ormerod) attributed the distress to a failure in the crops, and to bad legislation. Mr. JOHN PETRIE, sen., seconded the resolution. He said country could not expect a better government until the middle and working dames are united. Mr. T. Linsey, a chartist, was called upon to move the next resolution. He hoped that the chartists of Rochdale would not be divided, but would support the new reform movement, or throw no obstacle' in their way. The whiffs of the present day could not stop the people from advocating their political rights ; nearly every body had had sufficient of whiggery. (Cheers.) The people would admit of some good things and acts of Sir R. Peel, but scarcely any person believed there was any good whatever in Lord J. Ruasell. He concluded by moving the following resolution : That this meeting pledges itself, in order to bring the House c Commons more in harmony with the opinion and interests of the nation, to take all constitutional measures to have the elective trona chum extended to all householders : that the electors should have the ballot, and that no property qualification should be required from persons elected to aft us parliament; that the duration of parliaments should be limited to a period not exceeding three years; and that the electoral power should be rendered more equal by means of electoral districts. Mr. JACOB BRIGHT then came forward and seconded the resolution, which was then put and carried. Mr. T. BOOTH moved, and Mr. W. HOLLAND seconded, that a petition to the House of Commons, founded on the resolutions be adopted, which was carried unanimonsly.—A. vote of thanks was passed to the Chairman, and the meeting, which consisted of about 1,200 persons, broke up. IRELAND. DUBLIN, MAT 25. The excitement to-day created by the trial of Mr Mitchel is very great. Business appears to be almost suspended, and nothing is heard of save anxious in quiries as to the progress of affairs in the Commission Court. The followin! placard, headed " Jurv-Packing by the Base, 81... y, and Brutal Whigs," was posted I through the city last night, but before breakfast-hoar this morning the police had removed nearly every cop : People of Ireland,—Mark these facts, end learn the value of that liberty which you enjoy under the British constitu tion There is a certain book called the Jurors' Book, which contains the names of all the citizens of Dublin qualified to serve as common jurors. Out of all the names in this book the sheriff is supposed to select, " indiffer ently," a sufficient number to act as jurors at each commis sion. At present the book contains, altogether, 4,661 names, of which 3,426 are Catholics, and 1,235 are Protestants, in cluding Presbyterians. Observe, there are nearly three Catholics for one Protestant. Out of those 4,661 names the sheriff has chosen 150 to act as jurors at the present commis sion. Amongst these there are only 28 Catholics. On the Jurors' Book the Catholics are to the Protestants nearly as 9 to 1. On the panel selected "indifferently "from that book the Catholics are to the Protestants as Ito 5. There are not three Presbyterians returned on the panel. Shame on the miscreant who would strike down a brave and au open enemy by such treacherous devices. Catholics of Ireland, — Let not these facts create in your minds any hostility against your Protestant fellow-countrymen. Be not afraid to in trust your liberties into their hands. In two recent instances they have proved that patriotism is taking the place of , bigotry in their breasts, and that they can no longer be re , lied on u the garrison of England. Cultivate this improved spirit, and let all your hostility be reserved for the pestilent tyranny which lives by our divisions, and whoseyoke presses equally upon all. TRIAL OF MR. MITCHEL The interior of the court was fall of bustle, and in deed, confusion, from as early hour, and every ITLlabie seat on the floor of the court was filled with geitlegagy. Mee bar. The following gentlemen ationdod for the aygoe Tb' • , ".* et. • 7 1 . , 41 , 7 • • , c str ... an, the en, ►et. :er! did vas end ary cle up this Lrch ?e! )- , -glB M and very rid the had Liter. et ge he c the eat $ meat. ,k in ath as i ce by is vie. 3inees where intro.