The Express. — London, England, 1852-09-06 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, MOND ‘ Y EVENING, -SEPTEMBER 6. 1852 FRANCE. PARIS, Skit ROILY. The President has consented at last to include in his journey Bourget, and will start a day earlier on this account. The democratic stamp . of the popula tion seems to have occasioned its omweion in the first itinerary. M. Fuuld, Minister of State, and General Magnin, commander of the army of th e capital, have returned lo Paris. --- It is said that a pamphlet on the re-establishment of the empire in France is on the eve of appearing. Although the name of the writer is not to be ex pressed, the work is attributed to the pamphleteer who found a subject for merriment in the capture and Ignominious treatment of the most eminent men in France on the 2nd of December. I direct your attention to a petition to the govern ment from the Council General of the Herault in favour of free trade. As the adoption of liberal i commercial principles is styled in this document a return towards the system of the empire, it may be as will to remark that, although Napoleon was in the habit of sacrificing every other interest to the political combination of the moment, and aimed at the ruin of England by his continectal blockade, theoretically ha approved free trade principles, and practically he favoured the introduction into France of raw materials at much lower duties than now i l exist. As to iron, cast-iron and steel, the tariff at 1 that time as compared with the present :—Rough castings were free of duty, now they pay 77 fr. per ton, when it comes from the place where it is pro duced; iron in bars then paid 44 fr. per tea, it now pay. 206 fr., or nearly five times as much; cast-steel paul 99 fr. per ton ; the duty is now 1,320 fr., or thirteen times as much. The petition is as follows: The Couaell.geniml—considenng that the principal eleven ie the enigmas tariff were adopted at a time when French inisaufarturcs, Acing leis advanced than at present, were much less in a position to support foreign competition, and a lien international imminent met with more digital- ties—considering that of late years, all the (orris= govern ments have of materially modified their tariffs in such a manner as to remove absolute prohibitions and to diminish the high duties in order to bring them in accordance with • well4empered commercial freedom, sad that on this point France aloes remain. in the rear—cmisidering that the exam ration of customs duties, and still mote so, absolute ' prohibitions, have had and still retain the inconvenience of maintaining several raw materials, in very extensive use, at • very caressive price, to the great detriment , of agriculture and national manufactures, and the peat injury of the public consumer; and that for instence iron, cut-iron and steel, objects of such' great utility, are thus artificial raised to double the price which they cost abroad—consi dering that the high rate of the French tariff has provoked on the part of foreign go vernments reprisal., which are attended with disastrous effects to several of our moot important manufactures, and particularly to the wine-growing intereeln-considering that the memures lately adopted by other nations for the reduction of the tariffs hive been crowned with success; that the public prooperity of those nations has been thereby promised, and that both producer and consumer have rea son to congra.ulate themselves on it—espresses its wish that the customs' tariff should be revised; that commercial prohibitions should be abolished, and replaced by duties suitably levied; that excessive duties should be reduced and brought to • rate which would allow foreign competition to stimulate French industry ; and that particularly the duties with which raw materials, including - iron, are shackled should be reduced, in each • manner as to bring them to the point at which they were under tFe empire. Lorient, after Cherbourg, the next important mi litary port of Frunce, has petitioned for a railway. The Constieutiorwwl contains a long article examin ing the capabilities of this harbour of Brittany, and approving the petition. M. Dumas, son of the ex -Minister of the Presi dent of the Republic, is spoken of as Director of the Mint of Rouen, which is to be re-established. The 150 seamen sent to Paris from Cherbourg for the fete of August. have just returned to that port in the Arid steamer for Havre. The of Roues hu voted • credit of 100,000 f. to be employed in taking notes of the Monger Bank established there for Normandy. A tenons accident occurred on the let, on the rail way from Angouleme to Bordeaux. Two trains, one (ping from La Bustide, the other to Libourne, ran into each other in the tunnel of Lormont. One was loaded with materiel, the other consisted of empty mrriages. Mr. Kenneth Mackenzie, nephew of Mr. Mackenzie, the contractor, was on t he locomotive of the former. He was thrown with great violence below the tender, and had both him legs frightfully 'crushed. The workmen in the same train leaped from the waggons, and escaped unhurt. Mr. Mac kenzie was picked up and conveyed to the hospital; but he died after proceeding a short distance. He was only twenty-three years of age, and was very active and intelligent. The accident was caused by Mr. Mackenzie's train, owing to a mistake of the signalman, going on the wrong line. The railway was not injured: it is to be opened to the public fri the course of a few days. The Athol, in the course of e notice on the dis pute between ' England and the United States on the fishery question, says : We do not think that the quarrel between England an 1 the United States will ever be serious, but we regret to learn that, in order to give a compensation to the amour propre of the Americans, and a gamuts, of impartiality, the English misers have thought it their duty to seize a Certain number of boats end remelt sailors on prohibited fishing grounds (it is said more than 20 boats of different sires and more than 100 men). If they wer , in contraven tion .st the laws, we have absolute:e nothing to complain of, and we cannot consider it wrong that England should exer cise the same rights us her coast that our cruisers de on that of Francs • bat nevertheless if our fisherman have, as is very proba ble, only followed habits sanctioned in some mea sure by long use, we cannot but regret that the English government before vindicating its rights in such a severe manner, bad not previously made known its intentions to the French government. Siz stone-cutters, employed in the new buildings at the Louvre, were Testerday arrested for having struck work, and having excited their fellow work men to follow their example. A number of stone cutters are already out on strike. _ The Glasgow address is as follows: Address of the Lord Provost end 1,800 of the Principal Inhabitants of Glasgow to the Inhabitants of Paris. Brethren,—We, the undersigned, inhabitants of the city of Glasgow, wish you health, prosperity, and peace. United with you in thi bonds of a comas% fraternity, and deeply interested in your well being, we desire, ea neighbours and friends, to offer you the expression. of oar sentimentoof sincere and respectful affection. Many of us have visited your beautiful capital, and remember with pleasure the tokens of good feeling which they received there, and which at onee showed the urbanity of the inhabitants and their sentiments towards us. We are glad of every oppor tunity which permits us to testify our gratitude. We pray Heaven that no event may happen to efface the recollection of our good relations, or to weaken the bonds which units us. To that end we use all our efforts. Brethren, we are friends of peace, we adore in the Creator, the God of peace. We rejoice above all things in the friendly relations 'listing be• twern your country and ours, the maintenance of which appears to us with the help of God, to be our guarantee for the repose of ' Europe. May France and Great Britain pee serve their pacific attitude, and assure the tranquillity of the world. Brethren we are happy to tell you that our country men tee fur the meet part friends of peace. Thanks to the influence of religian, to the progress of instruction and in telligence, to the facilities of communication between na. lions, to the consequences of constantly increasing commer cial relations, the principles of universal fraternity have taken possession of the public mind. Be assured that we in no respect share the alarm and jealousy of thine interested in the maintenance of our military insti tutions. As a people we feel no animosity towards any other people ; we wish to maintain the most panic rela tions with them. We therefore thy to you, " Children of one father, love us as brothers." Brethren we oak your co operationtre I:an a l of as ►a eetermimating the war feeling }I fra ternity, make common caw to diffuse the principles of peace. The peace of the world Is the prosperity of nations. Be it our task to emirs that prosperity. The cause is holy, and the result will be glorious.—We are, with fraternal affection, hOIIIIIIT Seawater, Lord Provost, and 1,800 notables of Glasgow. Much activity is noticeable in the French ports and arsenals. Vice-admiral Catty, inspector-general of the ships of the line, and General Durbec, in spectcr-general of the personnel and materiel of the naval artillery have arrived at Brest, and com menced on the 2nd the review of the corps they are charged to inspect. Admiral Gourdon, appointed major-general of the port had also arrived, and been received with the usual honours. PARIS, EICNIMT Evarriso. The Mon Unto' contains a circular of M. de Maupas, minister of police, to the prefects, with the view of stopping more effectually the change of residence of liberated convicts, subjected to the surveillance of ,the police. A considerable portion of those who ' fall under the rigour of these new instructions hay ing been political offenders, the circular of the mi rister tends as much as possible to compensate the effects of the amnesty granted on August 15 by his master. In fact it has been already explained how these pardoned exiles, returning to the towns where they were settled, to resume their avocations as me. dical practitioners, notaries, or attorneys, found their homes prisons. Through the compassion of a humane sub prefect here and there, or of a considerate mayor, some few managed to tele .x the fetters imposed on them, and (adopting the official phrase which treats a human being as a wooden-peg) to " displace thertrielvis.' These .. displacements," ears the minister of police, have become al most as frequent as they were before tho days of December. by a circular of March 22, the prefects were fold that no change of residence would be allowed without authoriNation of the central govern ment No sub-prefect, mayor, or other subordinate authority will be allowed henceforth to give permis sions to the claim of suerei I. to shift their dwelling places. The prefects alone will give a provisional have, which most b. subsequently sanctioned by the :rim of the minister of police at Paris. Of course it muy be expedient for the public security to apply Irobs of this kind rigorously to released criminals; butt their extension to amnestied political enemies of the government is, to say the least, a hard tax upon Ithe temissien of their sentences. _ _ Another trace of the republic is about to disap pear. The female head that typified that short-lived govern= ut, having been driven from the coins, still held out in the pcstage-stamps; but nnw it is to be outed from its last place of refuge to make way for I the effigy of its conqueror. The plates are all ready, and postage stamps, with the head of Louis Napo leon, are printing off with all expedition. The Pays contains to-day au article extolling the the principle of authority by M. Evariste Bavoux, a Bonapartist member of the Legislative Assembly, who had smuggled himself into the constituent under the disguise of a democrat, and has procured • seat in the Corps Legislatif by professions of an opposite character. Some Italian refugees have been expelled from Marseilles. I understand that considerable differences prevail between the general commanding the French army of occupation at Rome and the ambassador accre diated by the President to the Holy See. Whether this disunion is attributable to the want of harmony between the mild diplomatic temper ut M. de Ray neval and the abrupt peremptory vehemence of General Genies.% or to a difference of opinion, I am not • arc, but it has given rise to a report that the latter will be recalled. An application had been made by the papal go- vernment for the re-establishment of the orders of begging friars in France. When M. Drouyn de Lhuys was conferring on this point with M. Achille Fould, the latter is said to have observed that there were beggars enough already in France without the friars.minister of state referred to the number less solicitations for places addressed to his depart ment. The return of M. Fould has now made the cabinet complete. The Marquis de Pastoret dues not seem to have been behind M. de Larochejacquelin in paying court to the new power. When the President was at Baden he received, it appears, n pressing solicitation from the former tutor of the Count de Chambord to grant him an interview. Among the returned exiles, by fur the lead de- • piesieed by recent occurrences is M. Thieh. In December, and some time before, he suffered from an unpleevont affection of the larynx, which made ',peaking painful to him. But the voyages he has I made since have completely re-established his health, so that the little minister of Louis Philippe was never more brink and lively. The Presideut, he says, • is an excellent physician. The government has reduced still further the interest Exchequf Bills, and of course the to the existing nptom of fiscal from to mor- raw forward the interest of these securities is fixed An artiele in the Clisestfildionnal upon Corsican, at le per cent. per annum ferias at *sem four to bandits draws a terrible picture of the state of society five months ;at 2 per cont. per annum foe bills at in the birth-place of Napoleon. The profession of a Immix live to ilevea months, and at 3 per cent. per bandit is an institution in Conics. Common rob annum for bills at one year. belles are less frequent there than in France, but the Mr. Elihu Burritt, the fervid apostle of peace, has gentlemen of the road have, time out of mind, com e:rived opportunely on his high and noble missioo in mended the sympathies of a large part of the popes this military capital. lie brings with him the ad- tion. The proverbial " Corstcan vengeance" was dresses of a great number of in ha bitants of London, the origin of the lawless bands that infest the island. I)ubliu, Glasgow, and Edinburgh. which make a , Ain= killed his enemy, fled from justice, became an fraternal appeal to the French people on behalf of I outlaw, and armed himself for his personal defence. those principles which can alone produce and preserve ' The peasants, in whose eyes vengeance was a sacred civilization. I regret to add that the Pays, in giving paimaon, assisted h= to hide, supplied him with Mr. Betties letter, together with the Mail/ow ad- food, and thwarted his pursuers. Becoming by de dress, has chosen to indulge in some impertinent re- green accustomed to an adventurous life, the outlaw marks against those foreign journalists who deem it' set up for a redresser of wrongs, and rival proprietors no derogation from their pacific principles to stigma- employed his sword to effect ejectment' and defend tin • despotism which droves directly at war. The possessions. In process of time the heroes of the Pays also mumpresents the address which it pub- remktta degenerated, and did business ow their own fishes when it says that it directs itself to the admi- 1 account. They levy contributions upon proprietors, nutrition. There is not one word about " adminis- and carry off rich citizens into the woods and extort tration" or " government" in the whole effusion of heavy ransoms from them. Worse than all this, in the citizens of Glasgow, which is addressed to the recent times they are ready to hire themselves as people and not the rulers of France. assassins for money. Many a private vengeance has The remarks of the Pays are as follows: been wreaked by their Mids. It is calculated that Here is a bible answer to the insults of which France the number of desperate bandits now at large in Cor kers for some limo been the object on the part of some Eng lish journals. M. Ebbs Burritt has just arrived in Yarn, ~„„• , a ,;,1, sica is 225. They employ a vast system of intimida to magistrates, juries, and witnesses. charged with addremes from the he r part of the great •"""' "”" towns of England CR Francs and her administration. No Aoquittals re orr i li d urderers from the fear of vengeance a few obscure pamphleteers can weaken the bonds of are frequent. Every one must hope that success may Iris ndship which unite the French and Envliah people. attend the labours of the commission just appointed We will answer for our countrymen ; as to the affectionate ntiments of the inhabitants of the United Kingdom with - regard to us, the following documents do not require ems to lent down the system. se meet. The following is the letter of Mr. Burritt to the editor of the Pays: Peels, Sept. 4. UK Sir,—l have the homer sad the happiness to be alliessal with four triaadly addressee fima tie prinsipal lease at Great Britain and Ireland to the M u ir Peglai One si these oommuniestMus, that hem is V ogu l se vend members of parliament, the sr eieties, and by same than 1,600 hessmedie shim of ire metropolis. Tim nosed address, that Or 212." ill signed by the load provost, several mew eiders, and a large number of the lelehliests of the town. The third, that of Glasgow, bears the of the lord provost, several members of sessie. totes and councillon, and about 1,800 o the most tail citizens of that great commercial city. The fesrth address, emanating from Dublin, is signed by the lard mayor and other eminent persons in the capital of Ireland. The ohject of these friendly addresses is to express the sentiments of esteem and affection which the majority of the English people feel for the inhabitants of Paris sad be whole Frisch nation, to prove the ardent desire which they feel that the kindly disposition and pacific relations selves soda happily existing between the two nations may rottenly contiaso, bet may mum._ greater fora and erteaeles from all the Induencee and all the interests capable of contri buting to that result; to deplore the expression of ideas put forth by the peer, or in the debates in parliament is the last session, which may appear to be inspired by a sus picion, or by a want of good feeling towards the French people; to invoke the melons and active co-operation of all classes of the French nation for the more intimate %ntie of the two countries in the bonds of a fraternal friendship Sid for the establishment of peace and concord among all i Christian nations. More than forty other large towns of Great Britain have addressed communications animated with the same spirit to the principal towns of Fiance. Persons belonging to all classes of society, representing all professions, and all avocation,, members of parliament, mayors, magistrates, judges, barristers, publicists, mer chants, banker!, manufacturers, farmers and artisans, have taken part in this manitestatien of go od will toward, the French people, in the firm belief that all the interests they I lrepresent are tified with the inter.ate of the same claims in Fr an c Thousands of :he inhabitants of Great ' Britain would, beyond all doubt, have subscribed to theme sentiments if they had had an opportunity. We fervently hope that the inhabitants of Paris will accept these friendly addresse i from the principal towns of the United Kingdom as a proof that the heart of the English nation beats with the best feelings for France, and desires that the two coon. tries may be inseparably united by the bonds of mutual friendship, and that they may in the same interest join in a common effort to extend the benefits of science, civilisation, and Christianity throughout the world. Accept, Mr. Editor, the expression of my most distinguished sentiments, Ebtau Stamm N.B. I have had the honour to deliver the four addresses of London, Dublin, Glasgow, and Edinburgh to M. Mounin Japy, the senior of the mayors of Paris, who after con ferring with Isis colleaguis upon the subject of my mission, has been good enough to undertake to present them to the prefect of the Seine, at this moment absent from Fula HOLLAND. The fall which has taken place in the Dutch funds is attributed in L'lndependanee Belge to the report that the French Minister at the Hague is recalled in consequence of the refection by the Chamber of the literary convention with France. SWITZERLAND. BERNE, Barr. 3. The King of Sweden arrived at Berne yesterday evening, from Interlacken, where he had been stay. ing three days. He has left this morning for Bile. From Bile he will go, by Hanover and Hamburg, to Lubeck, where he will embark for Christiana. The Executive Council yesterday discussed the question of tho revision of the penal code, but came to no decision. The answer to the federal council is that the executive council is disposed to conclude with Sardinia a convention similar to that already entered into with Bavaria and Wurtemburg for ex empting commercial travellers of the two countries from the payment of patent duty. ITALY. PIEDMONT. M. Alexandre Dumas arrived in Turin on the 30th ult. He is said to be engaged in a new novel, the scene of which is laid in Savoy. The Duke of Genoa is to direct the manmuvres of Marengo which are appointed to take place this month. One of the two corps d'armee will fight retreating upon Casale, when the Minister of War expects that the value of the new fortifications there wilt3be exhibited. Casale is the point of union of the northern and southern Sardinian states, and con sequently one of the most important strategetic points on the Po. General Kalbermatten passed through Turin on the 29th on his return from Switzerland, where he has been recruiting for the Pope. Ilia operations have not been remarkable for success, as besides the oppo sition encountered from several cantonal governments he has lost a considerable number of recruits by desertion. The Chevalier de Collegno, the Sardinian Minister in Paris, is about to be replaced by the Count de Villamarina, now Minister of Sardinia in Tuscany. ROMAN STATES. THE CASE OF EDWARD MURRAY. ROME, AVOUsT 27. The clandestine press has lately been hard at work here, as we may infer from the fact of a p a mphlet of six closely printed pages being now in circulation, entitled " English Diplomacy and Roman Liberty," chiefly relating to the imprisonment and trial of Mr. Edward Murray, and the death, looked on in the light of& martyrdom by the republicans, of an artil lery officer named Giuseppe Viola, who distinguished himself during the defence of Rome by his skilful direction of the large gun called cannon-naattro, or monster cannon, in the battery established on Monte Testaccio. With the exception of this publication we have nothing new in the Murray are, save a report that a communication has been forwarded from this city to Monsignor Amici, papal delegate in Ancona, informing him that his holiness is disposed to yield to the demands of the British government, and give up Murray, on condition of his quitting the Roman States at once and for ever. This augurs something like a termination to this long-pending question, a thing no doubt satisfactory to the British government, for should the new parliament assemble without finding the case settled, it would probably be a source of much trouble to Lord Malmesbury. With respect to the fate of Murray's fellt.w pri soners, it is expected that • few will have to suffer the extreme penalty of the law. A very extraordi nary but not altogether unfounded suspicion is pre valent, that the priest party had some of the mur derers of Ancona in their pay. A Jesuit, who is well known, and a curate in the neighbourhood of that city, are pointed out as having been the pay masters, and five assassins are designated u having been their creatures. The house in which the pay ments were made is specified, and other details will probably transpire, if the government dims not take steps to bush up so scandalous • revelatoa. Mean while it is a rather suspicious coincidence that Clow lanti, the chief of the accused, has been all at once taken into favour by the authorities, has frequent communication in his prison with the delegate, and writes to him often. The festivities of the 15th of August here in Romo have given rise to some pasquinades, especially with respect to the trophies of arms in the form of cande. labra which adorned the front of the French Casino. The following is an extract from these illicit Helico nisn productions: Di Francis i prodi cavalieri, Per °Hem is yeti eurrestani, Has convertito Parma in candelieri. Anglice— To act their parts as sacristans, The prena•cheralien Of France have turned their swords and FICS To gaming chandeliers. Tho magic initials "L. N." have been profanely interpreted into " Liberta Nordica—Liberta nulls " (Northern liberty—no liberty), and the imperial eagle compared to the one placed as a sign over a well-known Homan eating-house. The spirit of utile sticks to the Romans throughout their mis fortune,. The recent demonstration at Bolgna in favour of Austria to the prejudice of the Papal government has produced a profound sensation here. Some Hunga rian and Italian officers have been arrested in con- sequence. The Official Gazette of Savoy states that the ob ject of Cardinal Hohenlobe's visit to Vienna was to obtain the Emperor's mediation with Louis Napoleon for the removal of General Gemcau. It is said that he has succeeded, and that General Castellano will shortly supersede the present commander of the Frencii division of occupation. The same journal states that all the railway pro jects for the Roman states have fallen to the ground through the resistance of the Princes Altieri and Conti, in consequence of the disordered state of their affairs, which have been entrusted to unfaithful agents. Only the short line from Rome to Frascati will be executed. et this dreadful disease ay.: so marked ind so obstinate, i nteree t pO, that we easy almost certainly predict in what panto( the ma- Exchequer Bills, and most is made by persons favourable t , 'sepsis it would tend to arias on any renewed visitation. We aaq ma Ucipau t hm 'my suc h u m , its latent pose, of de . order of things of this plausible syn sirsiaisa will kind's sprite in the districts, the susses, the prosperity. 114; Moniteisr states null TWO SICILIES. NAPLES, Auo. 25. Count Nesselrode arrived at Naples on the 23rd. lie is staving with his son-in•lno Count Creptovieli, the Rutisian Envoy, at Prince do Lieven's villa, Quarsisana. The Marquis de Tomo*, the late French minister for foreign affairs, has arrived hero. TUSCANY. Onr correspondent, writinf; from Florence on the ht Sept., states that Ouerrazzi's trial continued in an orderly manner. lie had made a long speech against the competency of tho tribunal, but the question was decided against him. Appeals to the amnesty and eranrw 4 .). TO Ct:KILISSPONDIiNTS. & ntor4 CHtias •I" TT& Cs&rwa: evetalmag rs woe eltl/1 lee le vaigmbed rim Turaley sag l'rway ,s Or pea. birrtuisessulator.4.l. o l "TM Lapreft," Lo 3 les r , triss wee, art be at Ur or,•, tiounaiwtreet, two uu tie lay of psbaimias. MOD WATER AT LONDON BRIDOE Tan Das—Yawata!, as ra. Aftwasea ga 41.. T.rotrow—Mcgain& Th. Oa. &Wine% 711.19 m 1 ONDON. MONDAY, SEPT. 6. Two medical inspectors, Dr. SL'IIIfiILAND and Mr. Oatinosta, hare been eppointed "to watch the threatening. and approach of cholera" This is a step io the right direction, but one step is not enough. Three years ago the cholera was amongst is. We were crouching under the influence of the most dreadful visitor that has appeared on our shores since the days of the plague, and we acted an men sally will art in the immediate presence of death or danger. We reckoned up our backsliding*, we confessed them freely, we repented grievously, we were reedy to do penance for our past transgressions, and to promise never to offend again for the future, What was there we did not vow we would do? What measure of contempt was large enough for the wight who should have dared to mention such a weed as economy when put into the' balance against public safety, or who hinted that we must take care not to beach on the liberty of the subject when striving for sanitary reform. Economy, indeed! liberty . how could people prate about these things while death was at every door? It is scarcely an ezegge. ration to say that there were numbers who would have scarcely hesitated about adding • heavy per ventage to the national debt, or publicly . burning the original Magna Charts, if by such a prom they could have bought off the present danger and secured immunity for the future. The least, however, that was supposed necessary in order to repair our past negligence was, that measures should be taken to drain the metropolis tho- roughly, to cleanse the river, to take care that the high tide should no longer send back the sewage into the streets and cellars, to allow no more deed bodies to rot under our noses, to provide that the supply of fresh water should be abundant and cheap, and lastly, that common lodging houses,—a perennial source of disease,—should be swept away or made sub ject to such regulations as would render them in anxious. This was three yeses ago; how much of our eelf•indieted penance has been performed? We are very much mistaken if as much has been done as would release us from an infinitesimally small fraction of these evils which we were so eager to buy off. The metropolis has not been drained. Iles river has nut been cleansed. The burying grounds still receive dead bodies, and common lodging. houses still exist in all their deformity. It is to the latter fact we now wish to draw espe cial public attention. Twice within the last few da ts have the o ffi cers appointed to inspect the Iu • (-houses appeared before the magistrates with - large batches of summonses for receiv ing lodgers without registration. It may be said that this is an evidence of activity and desire to remelt • nuisance. The reply to th i s is, that the nuisance ought never to have reached such • head, and that there is every reason to suspect that nothing but a sudden alarm at the probable appearance of the cholera has excited the uncommon activity. How is it that we have heard little or nothing of the continuation of the abuse until within the lest week or two? The details of wretch edness, filth, disease, and want of common decency, which were revealed on the examinations of the per sons who attended in obedience to the summonses were fearful and revolting. Six persons, it appeared in one case, held each a separate room in a public-house is Rosemary-lane, which they sublet to various weekly and nightly tenants. The whole house was described to be in • filthy state, and emitted a deadly alluvium. The only one of the persons who ap peared to the summons was • woman, who paid eigh teen-pence per week for her room, and sub-let it to seven different persons. This, however, does not tell the whole tale. On the night of the Sith of August the inspector entered the rem, acd the asesant he gives is as follows: la the lint bed were twe num owned Alba red Wrni••• Moore On a bedstead, bite elided thes they paid nothing for the SCOOTISIMMOthe, sal were Mir time of the defendant. Oa tae @semi had sa the Ism Prude Coghlant and wife, An paid pr night. Oa the third bed on the leer Seth Pshin., mr• infante, and two girls one aged aloe and the other three lean. Oa • box in the corner of the room a girl aged tea yews, the daughter a the tenant of the room—in all ought prom'. The regulation. of the commissioners, if the room had been registered and licensed, would have oaly allowed these persona. So mach for one room. An inspection of another brought to light a condition of things still more revolting. In this TOM. occupied by Daniel Daly, and for whisk be paid 2a. 4d. per week, were five bode on the floor. Theist iteatained Daly and his wife and their two sons, on. 7 swift other 5 yeses of age; the wend, three Irishman.. builed Curnelias Toomey John Shea, sad Peter Shea, vie bib paid Id. pet week . for the privilege of sleeping nisbfillgw shakedown," which was swarming with third bed essitaisted Jobe Sullivan and his vb. paid 7d. per week. The fourth bed contained , his wife, a girl aged 13, and e a 77:11. who paid le. per week, and the fifth. ell y and La wife, who paid 10d. per week. Mrs INN is all 14 adults is this dark, dirty, and dismal me.. Then were fear other mew is the house let and mallet is a wailer 11111•41. The manner in which the eismannlest Mee el do esoey were violated was described by the isereslie es something thoroughly revolting but, es we OW simply alluding to these facts u touching upon tbe ossuary question, we pees this by. It appears, thee, that three years' freedom from the cholera lads us very meek where we were. Here we are still by the side of a pestilential river, keeping up well-c harged reservoirs of miasma in the shape of Illthy lodging-houses, and providing for a constant supply of deadly vapour by filling our graveyards. la the populous district of Portland Town and St. John's Wood there is one burial-ground which still receives about two thousand corpses annually. And this is the state in which the cholera will find us if it makes its approach this year. How far the alarm at present exhibited is founded on fact we cosset my. It appears to us that there are not yet sufficient data to guide us to a sound conclusion on the subject, and Mr. Oaxntosa, one of the newly appointed officials, has started off for Magdeburg to ere what can be made out about the m anes of the disease. In the meantime it is enough to remark that it is doing its fearful work in some of those parts of Europe over which it last peened before its former visit to England, and that, if it takes us unprepared, it will be our own fault. la some villages of the Continent, 33 per cent. of the pe”laticie have been carried of . Now, there is no doubt that even three year is not sufficient time for the carrying out all those plane of amelioration to which allusion has been made. We cannot expect impossibilities from governmeab or corporations , or isolated societies. The very freedom of our municipal institedeme is of itself occasionally an obstacle in the way of effecting quickly sweeping measures of Morro. The river, the burial grounds the water companiee, and the lodging houses, could not become pure in a day. All we contend for is, that the prin ciple of esteem being recognised, it ought to have bees acted upon, gradually at least, so as to have prevented the occurrence of such facts as we have bleu obliged to record. It is an ugly confession to make, that after sleeping for so lone, we arc awakened only by a cry of danger, and then burst oat into such disordered activity that we shall probably do as much damage by our bustle as we have allowed to accumulate by our negligence. After so long a time has clip.. 1 since • terrible warning was given, we ought not to have heard of large lookkea of summonses being required. The work ought to hatee ei n dune gradually . Forew arne d se I we were , ht to have been forearmed. All the cholera districts were well known and marked during the last visitation, and the three years which have *lapsed have affinued sufficient time to purify them. In his report for the years 11449-30, Mr. Strom, the corer of henith for the City. expressed himself thee to the Commissioners of *were:— I %Mak it right to teU For that the local predileeti.ns of this dreadful disease or! so narked ,r.d obst3nste, souses, perhaps in the cccy rooms, wits!e it recently pm ' ',Aril, unless the do termintag local conditions sAali s press- Nagy Aare been annwied. It can scarcely be denied that if the warning im plied in this passage had been acted open, we should not have been found unprepared. Tel us hope, however, that no return et the fatal disease will give us g reater cause for repentance than we have already i n our past negligence. The Board of health have secured the appointment of two me dical oaken to take such steps as may be best cal culated to mitigate any attack of cholera upon the country ; and, economists as we are, we have every wish that these gentlemen's appointments may be s necures—so fez as absolute contact with the dis ease is concerned. But that they will have plenty to do in the shape of pitaing out evils for abatement is quite certain. Loudon is the largest of modern cities, and the wealthiest—why should we not make it the healthiest also ? requests for the been rejected. Rumours of ministerial changes still prevailed, and the Marquis Bargagli had been ordered to attend the Grand Duke at tho baths of LUCCA on the 2nd inst. of fresh witnesses bad Sir It. Bulwer left for Boise on the Ist inst. Lord Westmoreland had returned to Vienna on the 29th August. On the 28th a panic was I nosed in the Austrian garrison of Leghorn by the firing of three guns by a ship going out of port. Great prepara tions were making at Florence for the coronation of the Madonna. THE TUSCAN STATE TRIALS. The witting of the Royal Court of the 27th ult. was entirely taken up with the discussion of the objection started by Guerrazzi, on the ground of incompetency of the court. The substance of the indictment against Guerrazzi is, that, while a minister and deputy, he played an important part in the meeting of the chiefs of clubs and other agitators, which was held at the Palazzo Vecchio on the night of the 7th of February, 1849 (just preceding the day on which the revolution broke out). That his nomination was agreed to there, which he accepted without hesitation or reserve, consenting to form a provisional government with Muzzini and Montanelli, which was to replace the legitimate government ; and that at the said meeting the acts of violence were concerted which were executed on the follow ing day. That he ( Guerrezzi ) made certain declara tions in the senate which were openly hostile to the Grand Duke; ordered armed expeditions to drive the latter from Tuscany, and commanded one in per son to oppose the attempt of General Laugier to restore the legitimate government. That ho decreed laws for the same purpose, attempted to oppose the restoration of the 12th of April at Florence, abolished the Council-general and Senate, and replaced them by one single assembly. That he changed the elec toral law and fundamental principle of election, and attempted as far as possible to destroy the inde- 1 pendenee of Tuscany. Against Romanelli, the in dictment sate forth that he was a minister of the pro visional government, and in that capacity aided in suppressing the name and authority . of Leopold 11. in all public acts; and in framing the laws of the 22nd of February and 23rd of March, which he afterwards executed, by going in person toArczzo at the head of a column of troops to suppress a move• ment which had broken out there; that on this occa sion he neglected no act by which he might show his hostility to monarchy and his enthusiasm for the republic. Joseph Lami, in the same indictment, is described as Secretary of the Popular Club at Flo rence, and accused of having, before and after the Bth of February, carried on criminal correspondence with emissaries from other clubs, in order to excite a republican feeling; been ono of the most violent , agitator.; taken a prominent part in the troubles which broke out at Siena against the Grand Duke, and been a member of the military commission named for the province of Arezzo. Capeahi, late sergeant of grenadiers, is accused of having excited the people to name the provisional government. Pantanelli, aged 23, is accused of having acted as secretety to the Popular Club of Siena, taken a prominent part in the troubles there, co-operated in the overthrow of the Grand Ducal arms, excited the soldiers to break their oath, and several times de claimed against the Grand Duke. Valtancolida Montazio, late director of the paper called the Popo lane, is accused of having, by means of the press, provoked rebellion, the overthrow of the constitu tional monarchy, recommended the sovereignty of the people, and the establishment of the Republic. Petracchi is accused of having commanded the ex pedition to Elba, in order to expel the Grand Duke from that island, and of having attempted, at Bosco lunge, to oppose the restoration which had already been effected. The court commenced its sitting of the 2Rth ult. by the reading of a sentence rejecting the objection, on the ground of incompetency, moved by Ouerrazzi. 'I he counsel for the defence immediately presented a declaration of their intention of appealing to the Court of Cessation, and moved that the court should direct the proceedings on the merit of the cue to be suspended until the incident had been decided by the Supreme Court of Cessation. The court overruled this motion, on the ground that no appeal to the Court of Cessation could be admitted on the question of competence, but that the appeal must be deferred until the whole ease shall have been tried and decided, when it may comprise both the in cident and the met-its. After which the court ad journed. GERMANY. THE ZOLLVEREIN. BERLIN, Sere. 2. After remarking that the negotiations for the re newal of the Zollverein have reached a stage which promises a speedy definitive issue, and that Prussia now treats the question about the future commercial relations with Austria, not as the cardinal question, but as a mere incidental inquiry, so that the other party may pretend to have got the desired answer, our correspondent continues : The majority of people here think that the parties are willing to slur over difficulties, and to hush up the controversy in this way. The credit of having hit upon this pro ems of mediation is generally ascribed to the Hano. verian prime minister, M. von Schele; and the tone in which the Ilanoverian plenipotentiary expressed his approbation of the Prussian declaration is so self congratulating, that it does look like an assumption of the fathership. After the declarations (he said) given by the six governments on the 21st inst., and by Prussia on the 30th inst., the Hanoverian government regards the previous diversity of opinion as set aside, and cherishes the firm conviction that an end will be put to a crisis which has so deeply menaced the strength and pesce of Germany, the unity and confidence between German states, and the wealth, industry, and content of the nation. In order to pro mote, as far as It can, the quickest conclusion of an agreement the Hanoverian government does not hesitate at once to de clare that it accedes not only to Prussia's present declare. tion as to form and substance of the treaty to be concluded with Austria, but also to the Wiesbaden protocols of last year. On the other .hand, Hanover confidently prikijacs that the six governments (whose wishes with regarde treaty with Austria, as expressed in their joint declar..tion of the 21st inst. have, in Hanover's opinion, received satisfac tion) do nut harbour the intention of deferring the binding conclusion of the treaty for renewing the Zollverein till after the settlement of all or certain motions, which have been or may yet be made at the present confer ence*. For the full settlement of those motions will require considerable time; and there is among them none which might not be expected to find a eatisfaci tory settlement after the renewal of the Zollverein or which, even if that were not the case, could be deemed of such importance that it would not be far outweighed by the evils and dangers inseparable from a protraction of the pre sent uncertainty. In conclusion, the Hanoverian govern ment, with reference to the term fixed fur its engagements by article 14 of the September treaty, feels itself bound to declare, that it would not be in a position to depart from the condition of a deration of twelve years for the renewal of the Zollverein, such having hitherto bees the indubitably assumed basis of negotiations. The shortening of this period would be detrimental to commerce and industry, and would in a high degree hinder the further fruitful co operation of the Zollverein allies. Hanover considers that the retention of the basis, hitherto assumed, does not pre clude, during the course of the twelve years, Lego tiatiutis with Austria for further approximation, and, when the obstacles shall have disappeircd, the amalgsmation of the two customs' districts, end it honestly wishes that the time may not be too far distant when this may take place with a prospect of success. It is convinced, however, that the attainment of the aforesaid aim will be the more easy the more this matter, which affects so deeply the finances, commerce, and industry of the respective state, is left to be matured by the development of polito economical relations. The plenipotentiaries of Oldenburg, Brunswick, and the flaxen Duchies, briefly notified their unpin- Mimi accession to the Prussian declaration. The plenipotentiaries of the coalition received the decla ration without any remark. In a very few days we shall learn, from the ex pressions of the semi-official press in Austria and the coalition gates, what we are to think of the matter. I can hardly brin t myself to believe that Austria, after the course which it has hitherto taken; alter having engendered and fomented the strife among the members of the Zollverein, abetted the Darmtadt coalition, and dictated the coalition's last unconei . Hitting declaration, will give up it• project of draw ing Over the southern states of the Zollverein. AUSTRIA. By a telegraphic despatch from Vienna, dated Sep tember I,we learn that the Austrian government has resolved to make a new loan of eighty millions of florins, five per cent. metallies, but at home. The new loan is destined partly to reimburse the debt to the Bank, to liquidate a part of the Treasury bills, to provide for the construction of railroads, and to cover the budget of 103. A Vienna paper states that a court of inquest w;ll shortly commence its sittings for the purpose of in vestigating the political conduct, during the four List years, of persons enjoying the title of privy coun cillor. BADEN. The Regent of Baden has put an end to the state of siege in his territories. In the decree announcing this he says: We have determined to restore the civil authorities to the Plenitude of their rower from this day. Convinced that the spirit a morality and quality has gained strength in nor subjects, in such it way as to render useless a xtraordinury , means to guarantee public order, we are at the same time convinced that the consolidation of a legal state of things depends essentially on the zeal, vigilance, and co-operation of our authorities. fliers follow isatructious to the autho rities, and particularly to those belonging to the law and police.) They are to repress immediately all attempts made against public oiler sn as to show that the removal of the slate of siege has not lessenid the protection due to men of wealth, and so afford ill.diarsed persons an encouragement to realise their projects. V. a trust our hopes in this rispict will be fully appreciated. SPAIN. MADRID, Acucar 31. The Ga.telle publishes a royal dee'ree, dated S t. Ildephonso, August 26, ordaining that the Aranjuez and AlmanzAr limbs fly may be prolonged, if neces sary, on account of the state, to the point of junction of two at least of the branches which may be m nle to some port in the Mediterranean. By another decree of the same date, a definitive concession is made to M. Jini• Campo, of the branch lino from Almanzar to Jativa. People now talk of little besides railway news. PORTUGAL. A letter from Lisbon, of August 2.5, in the Chonor Publien, of Madrid, says there is no doubt of the complete rupture between the Saldanha ministry and the Septembrists. The Marshal is not contented with turning MM. Seabra and Garrett out of the ministry. He desires to undo all that those ministers have done in their respective departments. TURKEY. The Trieste Gazette has correspondence from Con stantinople of the 21st ult., stating that on the 17th of August the British corvette Modeste, driven into the Dardanelles by stress of weather, was fired on with two guns from the fort, and was compelled to put to sea again. The commander of the Modesto subsequently went ashore, and accompanied by the British Consul, visited Hassan l'aeha, commander of the fort, and informed him that he should place the matter in the hands of the minister of his sove reign at Constantinople. When the British fleet ventured, in order to back the Sultan's independent protection of the Hungarian refugees, to appear at the mouth of the Dardanelles, stress of weather drove some of the ships to take refuge within the forbidden strait. At that time the question was raised as to the limit allowable to armed foreign ships during stress of weather. But even if the Modesto transgressed this limit, certainly no proceeding can wear a more ungracious aqs.et than stretching the letter of the treaty to fire into an English cruiser, forced by tempest into the strait, while the honeying diplomacy of France opens the pas sage to t 6 Charlemagne. The allegation that the I British corvette refused to stop outside until a fir man bad been procured from Constantinople is an absurdly lame excuse for the outrage, as the most expeditious steamer could not go from the mouth of the Dardanelles to Constantinople and return within two days, leaving out of calculation the proverbial delay of Turki-h chancelrics. The question is not of days, but of minutes in such a case, when a ship may be torn from her anchorage, and wrecked at the foot of Achilles' tomb, or the bleak coast of Tenedos. _ Omer Pacha, who has been decorated by his sove reign, returns to his former command in Bosnia. AUSTRIAN BANDITTI.—The Vienna journal/ con tain an account of a very horrible affair " A peasant of Galician I'odolia went ten days ago to the fair of Zharaz to 'sell a pair of oxen. On his return, having been drinking rather too much, he placed his money in a girdle, which he fastened round the body of his daugh ter who accompanied him. On passing through a wood a man stopped them and imperatively de manded their money or their lives. The peasant declared that be had no money on him ; but the man, knowing that he had sold his oxen, seized him by the hair, and dragged him a little way into the wood. There two other men joined him, and the three murdered the unfortunate man. The girl dis tinctly saw the crime perpetrated. Orestly terrified she took to Hight. and after proceeding some distance saw a cottage. She rushed into it, and fund a woman. She told the woman what had occurred, and said that she had the money on her. This money the woman took and fastened in a drawer, and in compliance with the prayer of the girl placed her in a bedroom for safety. After a while three men entered the cottage—they were those who had com mitted the murder. One of them was the woman's hus band. They told her that they had killed the man, and that they had been dreadfully disappointed on finding no money on him. The woman, with a loud laugh, produced the belt, and told them that the girl who had confided it to her was in the next room. The murderers mani fested great joy at the sight of the cash. But after a while they reflected that the girl might denounce them, and they deliberated as to what they should do with her. The poor creature distinctly heard all they said. They de termined to kill her, and that no trace of the crime might remain, resolved to burn 11 , r to death in the oven. They proceeded at once to light the oven, and in ashort time the poor girl heard the flames crackling. Driven to despera tion, she looked about fer means of escape. Fortunately she ascertained that the wall was only of clay, and she was able to make a hole in it large enough to creep through. She escaped, and after proceeding some distance met two gendarmes. To them she related what had occurred. They proceeded at once to the cottage, and arrested the three murderers and the women. I)INSER To MR. ()RD.—The liberals of Newcastle oa•Tyse are about giving • dinner to Mr. Ord, who has re presented them for half • century in parliament. The list of noblemen and gentlemen who intend being present in clude. the Earl of Carlisle, Earl Grey, and Sir George Grey, Mr. Marshall, M.P., the Hen. E. Howard, M.P. the lion, C. Howard, M.P., Mr. Heedlam, M.P., Mr. Ingham, M.P., Mr. Hutt, M.P., Mr. Beaumont, M.P., Mr. Blackett, M.P., and Mr. George Ridley, besides many other leading re formers.—Netorattle Chemaiek. _ . A CONFIRMED MuttoEnEqs.—The woman, Louisa Ferris, who was transported for cutting . a policeman's throat at Bristol, having behaved herself en a mast exemplar) manner whilst in gaol at Van Diernen's Land, obtained • ticket of leave; almost immediately afterwards she rut another man's throat in Melbourne, and she had been left for execution when this intelligence was despatched.— Bath Chronicle. _ _ MIRACULOUS ESCAPE.—Probably one of the meet miraculous escapes from death, by a railwey engine, hap pened at South Shields on Friday. A pour woman, the wife of a labourer named Thomas Walker, and residing at Stokoe-terrace, in that town, bad gone out to the harvest ing, and left a little girl, two years old, at a friend's house, near the Itigh station of the York sad Berwick Railway, a mile off. About 10 o'clock in the forenoon the little thing had wandered on to the railway, and was making along the line towards its home ; the 10 o'clock train was coming down from Sunderland and Newcastle with great rapidity at the same period of time, and, rounding a curve, the driver of the engine saw the child some distaace before him, in the middle of the down line, and laughing at the engine as it approached her. It wan impossible to bring the en gine up, in time; the coupling-chain of the tender struck the child, threw it down, and the engine and long train of carriages passed over it. Having got about twenty yards in advance, the engineman was eniblist to bring the train up, when he and some of the passengers ran back to where the child was laid. She was foued considerably cut about the head, and watched, as if she had been dragged a short distance. Mr. Bowlby, surgeon, was in the train, and attended to her wounds. On Saturday, the child seemed quite recovered, and was running about as if she had sus tained no injury."—Sewerland News. 1)EATI1 PROM JUMPING OFF SUAESPEARE'S CLIFF —A coronet's inquest was held before O. T. Thompson, Esq., at the military hospital at the castle, on Monday last, on the body of • private of the 30th depot, named Edward Dunn, who had met his death by jumping off the summit of Shakspeare's Cliff on the previuns evening. The body pre sented a revolting spectacle, the skull and several of the limbs being much disfigured, doubtless occasioned by the unfortunate man coming in contact with the jagged portions of the cliff in the course of his descent. Henry Dampstin, a private 30th depot, said—l knew deceased perfectly well. 1 Yesterday, about a quarter to 12, I saw him in the cooking room at the barracks, when in the course of ourconvenation he said, " 1 am deranged in my mind, II amps tin : it is more than I can bear." I asked him what was the matter, hut he did not tell me : he only said, " ROMP innocent blood will be shed to night, and God help the poor soul wIV has. to suffer for it." I wan then called to go upon guard - A when he wishe.l me "good bye." This was an unusual thing. 1 did not speak to him afterwards. Ilia manner 'reined very wild when talking to me. I :have writton letters for the deceased to his wife lit Bristol, and tern those written by her to himself. Neither "f the last I, t tars (received and written last week) contained anvhi e of an unpleasant kind. The jury found art:relict of "'Tem porary Insanity."—hover Chronicle. KEPREsIENTATION OF OLDHAM. Mr. Robert --- - Owen, the socialist, has ,nnouneen hinnt It a etantidato c Oldham.—Nottistschamsh.re Chartism.