The Express. — London, England, 1856-03-29 00:00:00

Fr gbe expreolo. Mllitiorsest e Intended ter ono Sapred l / 2 "ldedia isam di at du Oftse, IN Bosid I"sladdlod dq petalostlca. irf Teo 'Via W RION NAT'S AT LONDON BRUM. Das—Vorstag, A. Ms ........Aftarree. 111. SOW. TIMMIUkoIr Vb. 2 Yft........M1112016. 111. 14.• LONDON, S.I7URDAY, MAJOR 29. Tee inaugural meeting of the Working Men's College at Halifax, reported in our yesterday's issue. • at once a pool that much has been already denote promote o•ol tc oleo, and an omen that far more is on the eve of teing accomplished. When the supporten of Joerru LA:MAI...TER first took the field, many of their opponents candidly avowed their hostility to the imparting even of a knowledge of writing to the wocki. g minks—especially to females. Labourers, it use cult ged, did not need a knowledge of writing to issab!e them to pursue their avocations, and to teach it them would only have the effect of making them feel above their bt.einesa. As for women, there was not an old I*.dy in the ccuntry who did not gravely declare that the only use they would turn the secomplish meet to would be to write lettere to their sweet hearts. Again, then Mechaeice Institutes were first propounded by Dr. BIRRBECI and his arise elates, tr.eir main teak was to allay the apprehen sions of the wealthier classes, by assuring them that they cid not mean to teach the artisans too much. All that was proposed WAR to convey to skilled me chanics such a ncrion of the elements of physical asks*, u would make them more productive work nee—better worth their wages. The cultivation of the tastes of the less wealthy classes was not so much us dreamed of; ca for moral instruction, the most solemn Vedgts were given to the clergy of all de sominalions chat t ir monopoly in that line should not be interfered watt. The present generation have far outgrown these narrow, selfish, and timid views. Cirnumatances have compelled all classes to think on many subjects, and the par tial and incomplete education that ham been extended even to the poor has enabled them to think more systematically and in general to better purpose than they otbetwise could have done. All has not been clear gain ; but it has been made apparent that the evil admixture has been the conse quence of our detective modes of instruction, and that the true remedy is to extend and improve them. We have entered upon a path from which there is no receding. All climes mast be educated, and every individual must have all hie faculties educated. A. to the beet meaas of attaining this end, it meet be confessed we are still lamentably at sea. The methods of teaching have of late years been much improved, but they are still susceptible of improve- Meat. Opinirn is divided as to whether chil dren of different faith' ought to be educated in common; whether religions education most be com bined with "ocular instruction; whether the !mina tary efforts of individuals or associations, or the compulsory action of Government, are best adapted to duseminate education through &Belem" In this chaotic state of public epinioe, the soiree hitherto pursued by Government, and about to be followed up with fresh vigour under the auspices of a Vise- President of the Cunmittee of Privy Council. with the aid of the Reeolutious brought forward in the House of Commons by Lord Joule RUSSELL, appears to be the best, and indeed the only possible one. The advocates of what is called the Voluntary System of Education are right in so far that ideation must be the work of the people themselves. The advocates of State Education—es well these who are fordo's- gating the task to the Central Governnieet as those who are for entrusting it to local windaistratione— an right in so far that combined and !systematic so don is necessary to ensure good education to all. But both parties are at present somewhat is the mood of the two knights who, viewing the shield from oppo- site sides, engaged in mortal combat, the one to prove that it was silver, the other that it was gold. The time will come when men will discover that eds. cation is best promoted by nabbed sod systematic exertion; when in every locality all the thhaWtants will associate themselves for the support of 'dues- Banal institutions open to .U. Bat we aro still in the missionary epoch of general ethentice. The Legislature and the Bxentive en at present do little there than watch over the exerting made by Individuals throughout the areatry; seeming, sad advise the prossoten of caseation; and, wbsa sews. nay Argot them with pants I. aid of the feeds they ass ran by their own exertion. This is the posed takes up by Mr. ASitOTD and the fries& who gathered atoned him on Wednesday lest. And the anuses whisk he hitherto needed their efforts, and the thorough keowledge 'Tined by them of the means by wish they are to attain their sad, and their clear estimate of their position, are meet encouraging. Some suggestion wore thrown eat by Mr. /11110 TD, is his opening epee, which well deans the attention of Lord Jose BoesszL la talkies at Lied Jobe Lai ell's plait, I lad he pre. poen to ensue tell pans ef she teensy pestiy math the same pylons that we I are bare. I desk be is potently right la so dons; bat 1 taut ands say, I wish ha wield bring ether parts of the neatly up te err stases/A, set hems Ins ionises farm thildtas rstinhalag at WWI% Ike age ef 16 yi en ; lactase I thigh its esjest. Vet, te MIMS the but .deisated slams of the wishing amenity, and to Mlles a still Minn 111 Z epee tbs.. It is Vet itheitable M Wag all NW ports of the emery up to ear pitch of petioles. It is nther a beery tax es the Insides naa that be shield have te pay for the support of his shill whilst at seheel, from 13 te 16, or, what is the M thiag, lose th e Scone it wield brig kiss, assist. kg M7L era • yen probably. that if. lastest of ening the Into • y p patens se none at sebeil INNS 13 to 15, he wade been with the blasts, theist then is he able te ' son Infers the age of 8, this la saa .she easel greater rogrete ; sad I kayo Vt. authority sad ezpeeintei of the aoholleasier. Kr. Aniore a, to import me la sapss that. eNld who Innis to read Infers he is 8 years of age will he snob mere sinned, me at LI, teas ens whe begin esly st 5, sad tenons at sant t U 16. The system of Mr. AltaoTD is to have ideal niece iato which children ue received as early as from three to fire years old, and in whisk the Pimplest elements of instruction are imparted in an sosy way, mixed with manias sad ainmenmet j schools of a more advanced diameter for boys , sad girls employed in the betake between the ages of eight and thirteen t and then, that still higher instruction which is to Do imparted by the projected College to adolosceote sad adults. This system is no vague project of a benevolent 'isles my. It bes bees practically carried into effect seder the auspices of Mr. AIIOTD, who added to the remarks we have quoted above : °For my own part I am ready to accept soy general and recog nised system of education, whateeer incronvenience it might ir ftict on myself individually." We know that there are many others in Mr. Anzono'saitaation who can conscientiously say as much—who have proved by their actions that their feelings and principle, are the suns as his. Aed the success which has attended the efforts of Professor M MEC' and his colleagues, and the encouragement which has inducted Mr. AIICROTD to extend his evening elms into a Working Men'. College, prove that the classes for whom benefit this 'chime of education is intended are eager to promote it by their zealous co-operation. Ws assure our readers that the following extraor dinary document is a literal transcript of the reply of the mistress of a boarding school to the application of a young lady foe the appointment of governess: Modami,-1 this evening received your note through the medium of /4z. L., and begin to reply, to give you some I ar ticulars of the situation in question. lem in want of a lady from 2.5 to 20 peen of age, of decided/sr religious character, to devote herself nudely and exclusively to the sr h,,trowal from a gutter beton 7 is the monsiog until after the young ladies are in bed cf a tagnt, during which time she is not at lib•rty to do anything for herself. She has to tin at 6, throughout the year, sad takes the entire charge and re • sparsib.lity of tae young isd.or, and of everything twin g ng and Watts's them ; end in said:tins to the donna at the choolrows, has to writs notes and letters at the end cf each ha t-year. Whoever 6.11, this situat on mist /sage eery good heakA. 'lv carnage, =alien, habits an of a gent ew inns, and be tally e - napetnt to teach elder pupils in the Euglish and French lawns's, writing, arithmetic, histrry, hio grnoty, chroaology, composition, theory of the ebbes and astronoi y, end must have a sulficieet knowledge of wain t . give It a.oets on the piano for the first few years. I ap point aid arrange even th.nr, and an et in the schoolroom part of the day. Belay 301. or guineas, according to cir cumstarc s, r sauna., and the coach fare outside to the situation paid. lam alto in meat of a young person to do anything sad f verythine which r might require of her The duties of this situation an multifarious, and inoluir, in some Ugric, those of an ender teacher, companion, needle• woman, lidy's maid, waling maid, upper nurse, house to @per. The position in the family is that of an under teacher, wale the dutin are mazy of then those of au upper smut. The young parson with whom 1 engage must have eery good iisalrh, be capable of enduring much fatigue, free from say particular detect or infirmity, noxious to please, competent to assist in the schcotrcom, and to give mime lesions • o the yammer pupils; dever at needlework, careful, thoughtful, attentive, inch:striae., active, sod humble ; mho very clean, neat in ell her habits and ways. It is of no ale for any omit to apply woo could not In trusted to do things thoroughly arid pr p rly, and to act property es all CICOW lli3oll. Toe T nog person who fills this r•nation is to rise at sit throughout the year, audit is generally 10i before she Inn get to bed. &Lary 10 guineas per annum, and the ouch fare outside to the situation to In paid. Should you coca der either of my aitoetions likely to suit you, I nal; be hat py to give you oil /huhu petticulars; but should you not wish to obtain either, there will bo no (cc sin to writs.—l an, madam, yours obediently. What a fearful picture of the struggle for exis'- enc4e which many talented and accomplished women have to wage for a bire existence is contained in this letter. A person capable of teaching all that is enu merated by the writer, is expected to toil like a galley slave from seven in the morning till at least ten at night. She is to instruct the stupid as well as the intelligent. She I. to keep the mutinous in order, and to make the tawdry and slovenly neat and tidy. She is to take the "entire charge and responsibility," not only of the "young ladies," bat of "everything belonging to them." In addition to this she is to act as secretary, and " write notes and letters a' the end of each halt-year." Day after day, from seven in the morning till ten at night, "she is not at liberty to do anything for herself." And her remu neration is to be 301. a-year ! About 11s. 6d. a week ! We had forgot : the coach fare outside to (not from) the situation is to be paid. But the establish ment includes a still harder-worked drudge : one who is expected " to do anything and everything" for 10 guinea' a-year, or about 49. a-week. Her " position in the family is to be that of an under teacher, while the duties are, many of them, those of an upper servant." The ditties include " those of under teacher, companion, needlewoman, lady's maid, np per nurse, housekeeper," and many more. All this for 4s. a-wes 16 Talk after this of over-waked and underpaid needlewomen. Well may the considerate female who expects to get all this work out of two young women foe yearly salaries of 301. and 101. re spectively, say that they • must have very good health." bile is also very particular about their " religious character ;" to supply, we suppose, her own deficiencies in that respect, for surely no wally reli gions person could ever dream of imposing such bur dens upon fellow beings. It is not, however, with the unconscionable *kin•flint who could write such a letter that we have to do at present. That such a letter mold he written proves that there are indi. 'ideals possessed of the enumerated requisite', who are glad to accept of such an engagement to keep soul and body together, and preserve their virtue at the same time. This is a terrible glimpse of the dark side of society. And the worst is that it is not easy to see how the matter can be mended. Even such situations are preferable to death by inanition, or lapse from virtue. Something may, perhaps, be done by extending the sphere of employment for educated women. Much might be dose if the lees wealthy of the middle climes eould be brought to en their own interest. At present it is almost impossible to fled good day schools for girls of the middle classes. The cone queen ie, that punts have no alternative but a goveneas at home, or the boarding school. Either mode bens hard upon a family of limited means, especially when the children are numerous. The governesses at schools are not the only ones who suffer from the anxiety of parents to obtain a good education for their children at the lowest possible rate of remuneration. We have known • delicate young woman, engaged as governess in a private family, obliged to walk every day—nminer and winter—in storm or sunshine —from cos of the northern to one of the southern suburbs et London and back, and sped the whole day in Leeching, for 6s. a week and her meals. Now leaving commiseration for this underpaid and over worked class on of the question, what are the conse queens to their employers P It is only the stolid and incompetent who can long persevere in such a souse of life. The base•inetructia is necessarily of an indifferent qoality, and that received at the "do-the-girls" schools still worse. Now the heads of families in any tolerably populous neighbourhood have an easy remedy for this. One or two com petent teachers would be sufficient in a day school for a onsiderable number of families. A considerable number of families, by acting in concert, could, at so great cost to each, make such a school worth the noeptance of women to whose tuition they might with a safe conscience entrust their children. Let the beads of families in any district combine to establish each a school, reserving to themselves the appointment and removal of the teachers. They might the ensure a substantially good education for their children, at a moderate expenditure. And It this pasties should become general, neon easement maid be held out to really competent womn to devote themselves to tuition as a profes- sion. The number of teachers required in a commu nity might be ascertained with tolerable accuracy, and there would be less danger of the profession being over-stocked. Young women would be better taught, and the family ties would not be in danger of being loosened, as they low too often are, by tempo rary alienation from the parental roof. Surely children are better ender the eyes of their parents, than entrusted to the care clench &rooms in petti coat' es could write letters like that we have quoted above. What we have raid respecting the education of girls of the middle classes is to a considerable ex tent tree piths education of boys also. The coon dercion is now of urgent moment. When so much is being done for the education of the poorer names, THE EXPRESF, SATURDAY EVENING, MARLS 29, 1958. it will not do for the middle claws to drift to lee. ward. If they would hare their children maintain their plum in society, they mast take oars that they are thoroughly well trained. Cbt Court. WINDSOR, MAWR 28. The dinner party yesterday included the King of the ➢ Igiese, the Deets. s. of Kent. the Belgian M. V4O de W.yer, Latay Fanny Howard, Lady Car line Barring' 0 ;, Batwing di SpAlt, Sir Genre Cooper, Colonel de hlcetherke, Captain Prime. end D. etor Itiekes. The band ..f the 2,4 Lie Guards plats t daring dinner• Her Majesty's private band afterwards performad is the Ca.tle. Tee Qeree acid Prima, with the Prisms Rnyel turd rflterill Asia, rode oat on horseback this moraine, at tended by the 800. Bleats , r Stanley, Il.jor•Osaeral Buck ley, sad Capttl the Ws. D. de Roe. Captain Dane hid en interview with Mr. Seereteey La hatcher, yesterday at the Colonial-ofiee. Despatches front the Goversor of Bermuda were re weed yesterday at. the Csteeial-oflice. Deerts'r 'et were scat I is* evening from 'he C to the G.tvernots of the North American yttrium:a. Prince Frederick William of Prussia will come to Ragland at the Inman of May, and remain hire se•eral weak,. The Earl of Shaftesbury arrived in town yesterday, fro a tole in the north. Mrs. Kemble minuunees some " lut readings," to be preen pretion , l, to bey departure for Am. rite. _ _ The Hue. William Napier has been deputed by th cJeunittee of akar/to:den and the board of direetors of the Grand Trunk or Canada Railway to proceed to C,naL a, Witt fail po aces to confer and advise with the pr board, and also with the g >moment, on the best means for restoring the credit of that andertakiog. Mr. Napier mils in the Cambria this day, The Countess of Trapani, daughter of the Grand Deka of Tuseary, was on the 21st deliv. red of a princes, at Naples. Tee telegraphic despatch sent by the Pope in reply t thet piths Ets eror Napoleon, announcing the birth of the Imperial Prince, and asking for the op ”ttlie benedic tion, see, according to o• e of the Fr , rch rel•gioue journal', is the hollowing teens: "I him the Emperor, the Empreee, the Imperial infant. end France I " The following sway is told by the Nouvelle Gazette de Pruss• :—" We are in a posit Kin to give the foil , wine parties' in relative to the demand made by Eigliod in the Pans Conferences f.r is destruction of the Tranacauta•isn fortresses. After as animated discussion between the Earl of Clarendla end Count o.loff, the latter yore and said 1 appeal to MM. the pnuipotestiaries of Aus rim; let them say if ever there hie bees a quota's rf destroying the Trans caucasia., fortresses. Now,CountEuol,althosgb not is a put lion to *film that the question bad I Volt been 'stead, did not believe i this day to reply in a positive t me—cmduct by whit* the Russian representatives w. re douhVe , s offended. As understanding not being 'noised, es appeal was made to the Emperor Napoleou, who observed to Lord Clarendon that it was too lata now to mike this dammed." We read in the Paris correspondence of Le Nord : —"la spite of the ral g oil denrinstraticeis of our °Evil pommy's, their conduct at Notre Dim last Einnlay dar ted the celebration of tne Te Delia was so little edifying test the Archbishop of Paris was scandalised, and boa de e'szed that he will eomolaia to the Eliptror." The last mot attributed to the Earl of Clarendon by the gossips of Petit, is as follows 1 sign a peace at Pula, and go to open a war in Loadon." THE CRIMEAN MILITARY INQUIRY. THIS DAY. Notwithstanding an announcement made a few days ago t, at the Board of Gear al 011icm would meet We more- Lag at Chehea Blo.paal, to sake arraegeonnte for the one- ukitorment of their rabbi sittings Sally next week, there se.me to be as mach doubt ea ever as to the day when the inquiry will nasally begin. Nothing vat known this morning at Chelsea Hospital upon the sulj,et ; nd, from *Sethi information obtained in another quarter, it anthers that Sir !Massada, Woodford, the antiei7ated successor of Lord Seaton as president of the board, has not yet Nen f the ...mot by whic► ►ts a7petittmitut mutt be made not having ncelved the signature N her Mejesty the Queen up to last night. No doubt, however, azists u to the fact of the galut officer having stnified his willingness to act, and it is expected that the Royal warrant of appoint. 'sect will be signed this day, Sad officially announced is the next &tutu. It is supposed that the public inquiry will r p.s in t►e course of nut week ; but it would be pre mature, under result clicunistaneee, to announce any pn des day. The following appears ia the United Service GazttN of this day: It appears new that the Board is at list formed. Lord Seaton end Sir Thomas McMahen baying retired, Sir Alezander Woodford sad Sir (Sorbs Berkeley h►vs been er pouted to named the.; the former his arrived iron Paris, and the sooting Ciliate place la the crane of a few days. Some of the amen who have been sanunimed fres the Crimea to give 'videos, have, it is said, already undergone preliminary ermaistione at the Hors Brawls. Lieutenant ,eleael Mirka:mit, Asaloser Quarternaeter General, bee arrived hoar the Cries, a, to sive evideeee at the Beard." HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. -4,-. All scats of rumours are rife with respect to the reopeaiag of the above time-hosoured estebllehmeat, bat we (Pon) believe the following to be well Lianded:—Her If ej.sty's Theatre will probably be reopeaed abort the liith of April, with Meyerheer's " Le Prephite," in which Ma , dues Verddt Garcia will sustain her celebrated ebaneter of Fides,sad Big. flaleisni, a Maori rebut° of great ociatlass , ts l teas, will auks hi Ant appearance Is Ragland u Joba of Leyden. Ws any add, that Rig. Balviani 01101 much of his meows to his performaate of the Prophet, which eAryagheet the last it .rnival-seasea termed the 'thief a'trae tioe the Pergola Theatre, Flotsam. Madame Rissole saotber eastisental celebrity, soy littlest' be looked for is ler bet charaetar, La Trsviata, la Vsedre opera of that saw sad it is probable that Signor Giulia!, a youg boos, when fresh sad oympathetie votes has recently beta mace admired is " La Favorite,' " I Puente," ao.,its.,st the priasipal Guam of Italy, will joie the new einapsay. Al heroine' of the ballet (whisk is is be ea a very grand scale). we bar of thew established favourites with the Lon don plain, Amelia Ferraris sod Carolina Rosati; sad it fent se ip Ain tbs. Mr. Belle will 'gala bold the impostaat pooltien which he Crisply emmpied with so such Maur to himself and milt to tte mungement, Namely, that of esseitiel Mum, and conductor. Mr. Balfe hes tees Must from leglaad surly fear ysan, &wisp wbiele period be has made a most easceshil preferential tour throagb Ciavesay, hay, sad Rawls; sad his re-appearance will fern ems of the man Meet/Ulm hatares of the soproashieg sauce. The chorus is already engaged, and Mr. Halle le busily eesepteil is the formatioa of a first rate band. The following en the neetlege of the Literary sad Seine& 8 clods@ for die esesiss week :—Koadsy— bathe% of Ae.uarke, 7, " Os 69 leterpolitioa of Loge ritbaks &Wee," by James Ys k. , Bog ; BrWsb Arebibseus 8. of Civil Engineers, 8, "_illoop Gradients Of Nellemys, es 4 the Losomotives empierd." by Kr. DeredWo; L mesas, 8. Wedsee4ay—Sestets, of AM; 8, " DeseripOos of Improved Appaews. for Teufel., Neodesha is &Mole." by Profs/woe Walk Than layer Chologissl.3. Charral ; Pbefogr mble. 8; fleelety of As* quark., 8; Royal. 81, " Os ttie D odor chars der of MO Rotifers," by Kr. Goma. Priday—hrebeolediesi Irti tau, 4; Retealeal, 8; Rayed lostitsfies, Bstearelay A.1.d., 2. • The fear calmed allegorical statues Weeded for the middle ro 4 of tbe sew Means at Balls, sell repro sestina Art, Pine*, Frrtese, maid Pram* lutes jut bees east is else at ditrereet Balls fessibler. They will be esvered with a seadreee-eoloviredi paint, sad the be seated at ewes. The mimeo ter the frontispiece, modelled by Prof. Klee, will sees be gabbed. A series of Alters ketone on various subject% &- livered kr ON basalt of the Dresden Bebilsr Feed by the literary and esieetilk selebritim maul the threes of Leg Maximilian (Bares lashig the Ant of them), was broanat to a elms a few days ego in limos Lishig's auditory It Mania*, by e dissoures of Dr Dtorlstedt, on the husk Timers &alas the Raga of Tenor. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. THE PEACE. (110 X 001 OWN PARIS. FRIDAY M/DICIRIT. Peace being considered both certain and imminent, the Armistice will probably be prolonged by six weeks, to give time for the ratifications, which will be exchanged in the first fortnight of next May. The treaty will not be known textually until after ratification. The Empress desiring to possess the pen with which the peace will have been signed, the Crown Jeweller has been employed in the ornamentation of the quill of an eagle, and with it the plenipotentiaries will affix their signatures. THE FLEET IN THE BALTIC. The Independence Beige contains the following: HAMBURG, Mena 26. The yaegusrd equadron, under Commodore Wateon, is MOM c impoied of fear co yittis, each of 6 gone, f or [rives, two of 61 gut s, on- of 21, end enact 34, and two of the line, the Crier, 9!, aad Vie blikatie, 81 ; al , ogetber ten irises of war, all propelled by stem... It we may bell. ye a steessont cirealeed In Hamburg by tee naval Blears +to .he city during the harbour age at Kiel, ten o her tweets of .ar are upon the yeint of I se ng Hagfish parte en j rin the float in the Beta. Alien Vie junction of :lice , yesele, the fleet w.ll take the name of the fleet of observation, and a Rear. Admiral will receive the. command. N ivigstion In them la•irudw ft still tizrotad to a thousand dasgere. The Boglish fleet, whi:h, aft, r assembling at the the island of Moen, by rawer of some spring-Ike da depart-4 in ♦vi m diteetioas upon the coa to c f Courland, has been osliged t ) turn back before t h e return of the its, and to take up its former among) at F wanted. The rommunicet , ons between It e coo ts of Sweden and Fu land, in the Gulf of Ssthnia, ors over the ice. whir h hal squired a c nsideisole inklings.. The Gulf of Finland has also for ten days put been igable. Yu'''. are ' , table to reach the Fort of Bider's, and all maritime afar' are completely suspended et Riga. This state (tithing, easy, from the rade return of winter, be prolonged until the end of April. The melting of the fee ecutinaes ordinardy a fortnight, before the two gulfs are navigable. In that interval navigation is so deogercus that no vessel dares venture to sea. We may then ,most that the English/Int will be obliged all this time to saattia poseefidly at its station of Flamini. HAMBURG. FRIDAY, Yea , erdsy the Assembly of the Burgesses of the free city of Hamburg, rtjected, as not being suffi ciently liberal, the new constitution proposed by the Executive Power and approved of by the Diet of Frankfort. DESPATCH FROM MARSHAL PELISSIER. The Monitcur of this moroieg contains the follow iog despatch from Marshal Pelissier, dated Sebuto pol, March 23 : " This morning the French, English, and Sardi nian armies and the fleets fired salutes of 101 guns each, in honour of the birth of the Prince Imperial. "Daring the day the Coitmanders-in-Chief of the English and Sardinian armies oame officially to offer me their congratulation. " There hare been illumination. in the camps, acd the Russians illuminated their line on the Inkermann." THE EAST. MARSEILLES, SATCADAT Wilma. The Sinai has arrived with advises from Constan tinople of the 20th, and from the Crimea of the 18th instant. She has brought 80 soldiers. Despatches leave at 9 a.m. The steamer Alms has arrived from Bamiesch with 2,600 shells and 68 Russian cannon. The steamers European, Persian, Francois, Arsgo, and Fran°s leave with troops for Algeria. FRENCH TROOPS FOR ALOERIA. MARSEILLES, Ferny. In coupequenos of a ministerial order from Paris, from 6,000 to 7,000 troops are to be immediately embarked for Algeria. The Jacques Arago is to carry out 1,300; the Europe, 1,300; the France, 1,200 ; and the Ecoprees, 400. The rest are to be embarked in smaller vowels. PARMA. A letter from Parma of the 22nd, 'in the Opinions of Turin, nye :—" Brace the reestablishment of the state of siege upwards of 400 persona have been ar rested here. Among them are Alfred Malvoiai, the son of au advocate; Dr. Tebaldi, physician of the prisons; a brother and mister of the name of Olivieri, and two clerks of the item of Albertazzi and Co. A search ham been effected by the polio, at the Royal printing-office. On the 19th, twenty six prisoners condemned In 1854 for political offences, were sent off to Mantua. BOZO of the inhabitants of Parma who had escaped to Placentia have been arrested there, and brought back to Puma. Detachments of soldiers are patrodieg the streets in every direc- tion. It is said that Bordi is likely to recover. The Duchess of Puma has granted a pension to the widow of Count Megawly, lately murdered." The director of the police at Parma has issued a notification to the affect that the state of siege hes been re•eetablished on the footing of the decrees of dept. 28, 1849, and Deo. 22, 1851. It futiler pre scribes that no one is to stop, either by day or by night, at the corners of streets or lanes. After the drat evening tell all groups of more than fear per eoc■ are to be dispersed. Workmen are not allowed to be out after 9 p.m. without sufficient proof of ab solute necessity. Any persons found writing insult ing expressions or threats against the government on the wall are immediately to be arrested and given up to the military commandant. It may be well for the sake of any who intend to exhibit breedlog stock, roaltry, rr thp'sreents, at the gnat satiate' agricultural meeting at Paris nest May, to mailed them that ths 9th of April is t►e last day oa which declarations of snob intention cat be received. The Preach government ►m appointed a cuisine* in Booked for the purpose of makleg took 8/ransom's's as will induce Eng lish Weeder. to beams exhibit/in. It. taloa is 9, Pall-msli Beet, sad the name upon it, Memo. Amos, Dodson, Brsedratb Gibbs, Fiber Hobbs, W. Miles. H. Milwesd, Professor Wiliam, to:, are evidence of its capability sad energy. _ _ it; Russian Government proposes to found a new Ustrersti fee &s berg &Bra et NwoWeft La observe• tory—seemed for sesteerolopier r well as setroseesies records—le alto to be erected is the, sty, at the WPM* of the Ateadoley of Soworee of St. Petorsteasg. . . - Dr. Eiandwitb, whose narrative of the siege of Ben, published by Murray, bas m•atd so muds Wane, (steads to gins • looter• ipm this memorable dap, as Friday lust, at tb• U■itd 8•trio• Institution. Extraordinary diligenee cootie MI to pervade the dockyard labours at Weolerish. As a proof of the saps& %ha with whisk the mins departments are madame& it may be stated that the avenge time employed is risen sad matting a canhost rarely enemas as hone aad a halt. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (TZOX 091 OWN CORkEITONDINT .) PARIS, FRIDAY ETINIXO. The Congress met again to-day. The Bourse wee extremely buoyant, the an nouncement in the 3 / 9 ndettr that the grand review of 160,000 men, so long spoken of, will take place on Tuesday, being considered conclusive evidence that peace will be proclaimed before that day. The Rents roes 40c. for cash, and 33e. for account, closing at 73(r. and 73fr. 16c. Credit Mobilier was in greater favour than it has been for a long while, and roes 33fr. The Orleans Railway rose 101 r.; Northern, air.; and the other lines wire about 2tr. 60c. higher. We read in the Constitutionnei:— Pre yaretioes are making ,n WI a rectoos for the grand illuminations intended to ceieorate the si :nature of peace. We believe we may also say tiat artangementa have been made for the gratuit•ne performances at tie theatres, which will be given on this cousin. _ . _ TIN) following appears is the Courrier du Havre: _ . Captain Delmar re7the e)memandar.t of the steamer Le Mort, jest arrived from Cheri:ung, informs es that the ganbesta La Dragonne, L'Algrettr, La Folmlnante, asd L'Avaiance, completely aem:d and equit pe.i, were all ready to sail, and were espeotit.g orders frvm Paris. The corvette l'Yoene hos also shipped provisions tor six month+, end a great quantity of coal. It 4 meowed that Oil cme tte will axompany the gunb,ato, whose deetiestion is unknown. The Sentinelle de Toulon of the 27th says: Notwith•taodiog the esp . ctation cf an immediate prase, there is no diminution in the activity f our pit. Part of our squadron has already lett U r the Crimea to bring home sick; ant.ther is now order, d to nil with tr tcps. Tioirty eight thonsond men of the army of the Esc are to he con veyed to Algeria, where a orals , espedit,on against Kabylia is to preparation. Only 30 000 of our tro ps will be left at Consrantintple. Vier-Admiral Tech onion is still is this port, but ha will shortly lava in the ilretagne. Several priests, belonging to diffaeot dioceses, left Lyons for Constantinople yesterday. F.,ur English ladies, accompanitd by an Lish price, bad em barked in the Ithene for the East on the city before. Punch has been seized this a cek for the first time for several months. Its oface, I understand, is a picture representing the Emperor standing by the cradle of his infant, awhile a figure of Liberty in the hack grcund says, " May I not be godmother ?" Photograph portraits of all the plenipotentiaries, members of the Congress, have been token by M. M. Mayer. THE UNITED STATES. The Kansas Free State Legislature organised at Topeka on the 4th instant. Mr. Robinson (governor) in his message counsels entire obedience to the federal authority. The legislature was subsequently removed to Lawrence, and it is said the members are not inclined to follow the pacific course recom mended by their chief. Everything wee quiet at last accounts, bat as outbreak was auticipa•ed at any moment. Rifles and C/0000, intended for the free state men, had been captured at Lexington. Go vernor Shannon was on his way to Lawrence. It was supposed that he would direct the Marshal to arrest the members of the legislature and state offi cers for treason. A piece of intelligence which for the moment had eupers.ded the English difficulty, the LUAU strug gle, and the presidential contest, was received at New York on the 13th inst. The filibuster General Walker has seized the boats of the Nic traria Transit Company, annulled their charter, and granted a new charter to another company. The Atto York Daily Valet says on the subject : Welke?' seizure of ;ie boats of the Transit Comyany, annulling their charter end granting e new one to one of his friends, has created a greater excitement in Wail-street, among stockjobb.rs, than any (milt of the past tea years. Whatever the motives of General Walk. r may be in his lest vaapade, we can hardly believe that be has gone to work in a thoughtless meaner, and involved himself in a scrape which will armee' the isterferenco of this country c r Great Britain. Be cannot be to mad as to dream of defying the plitee of the United Butte, or of znakiag it a point of htmour with this goveramcnt to interfere to protect the rights of our citizens. Whatever his motives or expectations may be, be has succeeded, by his audacious ratvocoesU, for a while at lent, to diverting puhlic attention fro n our diffi culties with Borland. The 011u113 assigned by Walker for his conduct is the failure of th. Transit Company to fulfil their engagements, but his error consists in his not resettles to the stipulated mesas of redeem in such an emergency, which were, according to toe chart r tithe company, to is, r the matter in dispute to a corneal/reins of arbi tration ; and, unless he hat awed in compliance with the wishes of our government, he has laid himself liable to being take. in hand by this c itattry and Grist Britian, both being bound by the Cayt,o-BCwer treaty ti protect the company in the rt.)", cstbn of their business. As the afar now st Lode, it presents a very pen sling aspect for the public, the movements of the Nicara guan dictator being S) invo:vr d with immense stoclijabbiog operations in Well-strut, and the private speculation of et mans er of advent . Walker's °llan, tie Nicaraguan newspaper, asserts that he was induced to deprive the Transit Company of their charter because the company was mann led by Messrs. Aspinwall and Vanderbbt,who wonted to ruin the moats far the sake of raising the stock of the Parma railroad, to enable them to all out at a profit. Without this new difficulty with the Transit Com pany General Walker appears to have work enough on hie bands already, sad he must bay* a genius for overcoming difficeltiel whirls will make him the fcremost man of the time if h, can succeed in quieting his battle ccighbours—in keeping hie rival, Colonel Kinsey, at bay—in quelling dc meatier insiarrecions7asd in fighting his plelrful adv. t- amiss of the Transit Company. Perhaps tto general' is growing tired of he p.wition, and is looking out f,r a new field of etterpriae, and &sine to abdicate with Mai. If sack be his intentiocs, ha will be likely to conned to his entire satisfaction. It is stated that Costa Rica and Guatemala have made common cause &vault Walker, and that a force of 5,000 troops from Costa Rica was on the march to attack the post at Castilla Rapids, which was de fended by a single company only. Captain Wm. O'Brien was arrested and taken to Philadelphia by a United States marshal, was exa mined before the United States Commissioner, charged with attempting to violate the neutrality laws by en listing men foe General Walker's army in Nicaragua, and discharged, the proof being insufficient to sustain the charge alleged against him. Twenty-eight thousaad bales of cotton on storage in the lower cotton press at New Orleans, were de stroyed by fire on the morning of the ith inst. The New York Chamber of Commerce have memo rialieed Congress that two small frigates be sent to the China Seas, to protect American merchantmen from the depredations of the pirates, who recently have become very bold, and have done no little damage to oommeios in those seas. Californian *deices to March 20 have been re• mired, and about half a million of dollars in gold dust. The general news is unimportant. The mar kets have slightly improved, and the mines were yielding largely. The Indian disturbances continued. The war pro- mimes to prove an expensive one to the general go vernment. The Governorof Oregon has already issued 4,000,000 dots. in scrip to defray the expenses of call ing out volunteers to fight the savages. Havaunah advice, of the 9:h inst. contain nothing of importance of a political character. Copious rains had bads beneficial effect on the growing sugar cane. Advice. from Vera Cruz to the 25th ult. report the death of Haro y Tamires, at Puebla, which event will put an end to the revolutionary movement headed by him. At Vera Crus, ten of t►e Parsons engaged in the revolt of the garrison of the castle had been con demned to death. The circulation of carriages basing. according to ancient swage. been prohibited in the streets of Madrid, between sit o'clock on the atoning of Holy Thursday and the suns hour on the following lia'arday, the Aland' has ordered the Infant Don Francisco, aid the Ministers Za hale, and Escoevra, to pay a toe of 660 reale racb, ke bevies broken the law. EARTHQUAKES IN JAPAN. The details publirlied be Californian paper. Of the eatthquake at Jeddo are f•er. Tbty wi re derived from Captain Morehouse, en int 11 , gcnt pcnileman from Martha's Vineyard, Hssaaohnectr. fie reprrta that 100,000 buildings van dntroyed, including fifty-sena teraplsr, and that 30,000 persons last their ltver. Whcla etreits and quarters were in an instant engolphed by t►e opening of t:,e earth. Captain M.retone was is bah ports, Hakodadi and Simoda, cod eye the int rpreters at both plates agreed as to the terr fic c i r.cter of the disaster. Jeddo a vaguely supposed to cot taro 2.500.000 inhabitants. In an mount pubbetted by tee Alfa California, it is . aid that s flee 'nose oat at tht •atne Ilse with the tarthquake, in th ity ditferen• p►rt. of the city; the earth opened and el , sed over thousand. oft undings with the r occupants. TIN shock seas metre at &medal. The same paver publishes another account, in which it is mid, the inhabitants of tre W neon of the city destroyed were forever toed or the duster, and teary of them escaped, The buildings of J duo are chiefly of one story and con 'Meted of ♦ery li.ht materiel- The temples of worship, however, are 1 tty, and in some instances are oc'truoted of heavy memory. 1r nr added, Tee Jo. a .eee seemed to at tech but little impost ,nee t) the c.etesh u, he." 83 that either nu 'Topton' are a oblegszatie philosophic race, or the Wonr pne w.a hes 1313a' ran than the figures rein:meat. EARTHQUAKE IN CALIFORNIA. (From the 4 ' sin Fraacisto Ur raid.") The severest shot•k of earthquske ever experienced in this vie oiey tune the et Vitrneat of California by Ame ricans, occurred on Fr.day morning, at just twenty-four minutes past 5 o'clock. Every buil•ring in this city' and vicinity sho k to its toutra.i,o3, and in tome quarters the houses rw...y.d and ro,l-d as veetela in a heavy lea. The inapt s t f every dwelling were awakened, and some were wen thrown lei:With. it beds, so violent we• Vie @heck. Many persios tio.hed into the strecte, and bu' Oat the air eamstance of their eunden appeara..ce W-1 of a eliar,eter to produce smisatioi a of terror rather Van sentiment, the revise world have been 'most ludicrous. The large hotels ware d•po, ulcted instant, r, end in th, general rash articles of furniture were thrown down, cecasiening noises which aided considerably to the cotter and cocito.oa closed by the earthquake. In the upper stories of the large brick buldir es the vio • lent motion produced a peneral comm Alto ern.: e rackety wars. ess•ls con eining liquid, w. re locoed over, either by the sh, ek r r ot the Leary of the inmates to mace. Every distu.bance ws credited to the earth quake however, aid it 'mimed to be an almcst unanimous impression Vet: S n Franc , eco was .bout to share the fate of Jeddo. The howiinu of d ,es, sod fearful b xieg of cattle in the subu.be, produced a fitting eccatipaelment to the scene. Even the pens broke from their pens and ran away gruavor with (rigk•. The horses tied in nil!. fairly shreked w.th terror, and tried , o break their balers. in deed, everything anisette and inanimate was more er less affected by the *heck. We bear of some very remarkable incidents of bird. seeking refuge wreathe impendierdanner by fl ght throuun open window.. From night watchmen and other., a duties kips them from sleep, we learn that there worn sect MI el ght shocks protium t t tie heavy shock. The last shock w.s preceded by a sound as of • heavy gust of wind pa.•u.g through the c. Wage of and the motion .4 es acco•apamed by a rumbling coke like that which is proauc ;d by • heavily freighted with ell pawing rapidly over • wood's bridge. The shock interred at twrntl-four 'Litotes last o'clock, apparently ramping from south-west to north east. end lasted about fifteen tem& The motion W 4.5 hod. aortal and usdulating. Some persons describe the motion as of a whirling nature; but this could not have been the cue with - nit occasioning much greater data:urge to the masonry of the br ck a d atone buildings. It is evident that the v &once of the shock was differently experienced in various par s of the city. In some localities to the suberbe it, d.gree of vi,letce was much greater than in others. In seri ril instate s the vibrations wrrc so great as to overturn heavy pi.cso of furniture. Again, tha motion is compared to that produced on • hipboard when the side of the teasel is struck by a la , avy IC rudders shock without vibration. Very few pert° :s escaped being aroused by the shock, hat some there are of win m it is said that they slept on undia torbed thrlugh the whole. Some estimate may be formed of the violence of the shock when it is sta'ed that a man aleep , ng en the third &or of the Custom-bou:e building was thrown from his bed to the fi war. The walls of this building are comprised of masonry capable of resisting a broairide from a ship of the line. Notwithstanding its immense bulk and strength, the build ing was tooted like a feather on the wave. There was a scene of unusual terror and excitement in Montgomery Bloc 4, the large and substan.ial ruilchog on Montgomery-street, between Merchant and Washington streets. As soon u the first movement in the building oe corred, the inmates of tie various rooms were awakened and leaped to their doors in tie greatest imaginable baste. The different balls in the successive etcries of the build ing were soon filled with the terror-stricken occupant., each running hither and thither in their steeping habiliments to wards the var:ous stairways which lead .ewn into the street. Some of ttose who occupied apartments in the fourth or highest story rus►ed from their rooms regardlese of their nudity, and came jumping, leaping, and tumbling down the first and wood flights of stairs, clearing them in a bound or two at the most, and, with white lips and chattering teeth, held their way until they reached the ground, where they stood in amesement and doubt until the cold air end the absence of terrestrial commotion calmed their fears and reminded them that the apartments which they had vacated were more comfortable than thou into which they had so suddenly precipitated themselves. The building was cer tainly jelled with great violence by the quake, but it moved as though it stood upon elastic springs. Not the slightest cracking or evidence et • coaspse was heard or seen in any per: of it. The consternation among the inmates of the liege hotels occasioned scenes which may be better imagined then described. The pc p alation of the Bassett. House rushed, tumbled, or precipitated itself down the stairwsys and into the street; and such en array of beauty unadorned was never before witnessed in San Francisco. This edifice, it is said, shows no marks of injury by the shock. The manes at Wilson's Exchange. St. Nicto'as Hotel and Interne towl Hotel, wire equary remarksb:e. The ounpants of Wilson's Exchange took refuge in the Tehama House, which is a frame, and con►equently in lets danger than the - - other. Many of the inmates of the International loud their way en mane to the Plaza, where, Lee the'r com panions in !Emery, they shared each with the, other such articles of apparel u had been caught up in the hurry of flight. Hundreds of the readouts of the central p Minn of the city rushed to tte Pleas, naturally thiokieg that the open space would Lifer i them greater refuge than the roof of a topplieg buiiding. When the shock was over, the rush for pantaloote sad pettic ',to was quite RA great. . . - As an avidrecs of the alarm which had wised moat of the residents about the Pun, for equates distant they were found a' the New l'i rk Bakery, scar t` corner cf Clay and Kearney streets, clamouring kr cafe, as • sedative fir tit , it ►lmost palsied . The same scene ok place st other restaurants in the vicinity of the various markets, which ere usually cleated at an early hour, in order tO accommodate the butchers and stall-keepers of various kinds. The proprietors dealt out the soothing became naapsringly, u if equ‘lly rejoiced at being este to relieve the each, meat of tie r patrons, and the consciousness that mutual danger hid passed away. The fire wall of the nrrth side of the be'ck building et the corner of Oregon and Frost streets, occupied by God leis and Co., fs 1 over into the street. The wall was bat eight Inches is thicknear, and badly put up at that. The front wall of Wilson's Exchange Building, on San ioate.etreet, tear the south end, is cracked from the foun dation to the roof. In its present condition, the a uthera portion of the building is quits unsafe. The walls of the building No. 7G, Frout-e'rer t, occupied as %stove store by Bri•ten and Co., are cracked in a num►et of places. The building will pr ibably have to be taken down. The southern wall of tho City Bail Building, on the lies of stairway ascending to the spoor stories, is cracked from the foundation ti the roof. The wall photer has fallen off in a number of plec.e. A number of brick It ai.diogs in the lower portion of the city ors slightly racked, but in most fasteners the damages may he easily repaired. The shocks were particularly see_ re in that pottioa of the city known as Bt. Ann's Valley, being the continuation of Market-street from its intereect:on with Dupont-west to the • enity of Yerbs Buena Cemetery, and lona between the low range ef taud-h:lis through which P.ot and I Bevy streets are cstended on the other. From 5