The Express. — London, England, 1847-08-24 00:00:00

eing o s a y education immosoril boom awe gweeselos implo s to be the case Mos was hub Sholood ly the mis file et sorriese, whidt show dos do possedsa of arks Lo w as eicktbole moo woks* awes& frees 33.7 soL 1111111, 1 6:it i cr h is kit UK MIAs Sods( the sort Isms the el Rob such was sold OW/ Nod nor w los bound tom Maps eat to sie oat ; sod di Ms dos Woo sr. eke boo Is• mam a : but, still it wal not •Mt dot oblides opa line* tesdesey to cameos keg es the Moos flow M a t everything else ham the minim is at a Labium, ' where education is at a mazinsuns, and that whore Macedon is issO, crime is highest. the concludiag portion of Mr. Nehan's paper entered into m massisation of the relative tendeney at werions ages to o w& forms of crime. In the paper read at thu meeting in AO, the tendency to crime in its aggrepts lins, at TSTKNIS tame of life, was shown to follow a very rmaritahl• law. Tom the age of 20 it was shows that the tendency to Moo to the male ssz decresom at the rate of 33.833 per mat for soh tars of life recognised in the tables presented ; and in the female sett the decreasing tendency is at the rate of 23 per cent, but as then anticipated, it will now be found that the element of age becomes of still more importance in the ianstigation, when emuidering sped& forma of crime. The results thus obtained were set forth in a series of tables, of which the following are striking examples. Comparing the tendency to crime of different forms at ages 16-21, with the Wowing term of life, the following moults appear : In clam 1, of offences ag Jost the pence -2 1 Dif: + All7ll or + NAM per rent. In Class 2, offences against property, with violence-- le-11 21-40 .otale Thin + .02970 or NM pr rent. In Class 3, offences against property, without violence : 10..-71 o. MOW 21-30 0 .99109 Dlff : .10•76 or MAN pm mat In Clam 4, malicious oases, mould proporty : 16-21 = .00126 21-30 .00304 DUI : .00034 or 7.11 per mt. In Clan 3, forgery end other offenses against the cur rency 16-21 = .01204 21-20 - .01114 Did: .00004 or 7.77 per east. It is, therefor!, obvious, that the tendency to crime at different ales is not the same in each clam or form of mime, and that its relative intensity in various dames at given ages is also diffirent For while in the latter of the above terms of life there is en increasing tendency in clam 1 of 20.95 per cent. above that of the pre- ceding term of life, in all the other closes there is a lase ten dency to crime at the superior time of life, varying from 99.01 per cent. in class 2 to 7.77 per cent. in clam b. At other ages like differences are to be found. The important* to criminal jurisprudence of a solution of this problem most be evident. No preventive measures can be safely adopted till the knowledge exists of the par ticular tendencies to certain propensities sad forms of mime at different ages ; but with this knowledge the chances of sumer in averting crime must be greater, as the means are tarnished of knowing in what particular sections of the people the strongest tendency exists to specific forms of On redaction, it will now be seen with still greater force than formerly the neormity which exists for a very refined analysis being followed in investigations on crime before drawing any conclusions. The importance of determining the Site of crime at the different terms of life has already been shown, in order to determine the relative amount of crime in different district., as well as to understand whether crime be on the increase or decrease. It she appears equally important to determine the ten dency at the respective ages to the specific forms of crime, otherwise the perturbations of which the various dente are susceptible may vitiate conclusions based on any evidence resting on mere general avenges. Diving the years 1834.9, it was found that the tendency to mime was not so great at 20 years of sr and upwards, as daring the years 1842 4, but at the inferior ages crime was higher in the remote years than during the more recent period. The following abstract will sufficiently illustrate this Natio per emit. eristinale is the 7, Dlllbresee per eget et Crises. 15t020 ...... 10 30 30 40 ..... 40 30 ..... lerdwpwards . .6611 .6952 .3791 .1504 .1694 .0613 .7139 .5566 .2928 .1735 .1202 .0525 -ICOOB +19.937 +22.823 +31.110 hams& prerading abates* it will ram be is.., that from 211 mimed age eied lower& them lot besot ma mimeo of mime la the period 1842-4 ever that of 18114-11, varying at the Mikan ages from 20 to 35 per cent., and In the former pipor it was shown that the tendency to crime in the inter emiliets period of mare 1840-1, was .'..,thing like $ imma between the results given in the priced !?=set, thus plating to • gradual faireme in the ealseihr at the country wfWs thaw pude& One Stature is the peasedlog .!alert is ilesoning of peethalar attention, the fest thatikrbg the recent fida dm, has been an lammed teelency to crime at ages 110 and up wards, while at the meted of life 16 to 20 tame ban boa decrease of Wens to tie inesst of 14.688 pm sent. The hot is mammy te the pepsin *nice WI en Me addelt. But the *now paper she showed SW A the ihdo of the case went to prom that awe mot see Immo of juvenile crime, and that if any drop at zuriessia formed in the state of aims of erg peolloniar dislike, that change will be discovered to ham boot promoted, not so muck by dectuations at the terms of lifif. 10 15, an d 15-20, as by the increase sr decease among time persons of more edemas! ages. It Is hence evident that over a period of eleven years, ending Deoembee, 1844, Instead of there being an Maness, there has positively been a decrease of crime at the younger egm IRELAND. Dumas, Allover 22. The annual festival of Donnybrook commences to day, but stripped of all its frolic and its fun. The drunken " glory" of the Irishman is clouded, or alto gether extinguished. The " Brook," " St. John's Well," and the other extra-mural localities, where of old all the moral and social impurities of our nature were cultivated to an extent which filled good men with dismay, are now so many deserted shrines, re membered only for the unhallowed worship once offered on their altars. All tke old haunts of vim are rapidly passing into tradition. The present ge neration knows them only by name. By-and-by they will be muffled in a mystery as close as the origin of the round towers. Within the last few years no people in the world have made such rapid strides towards the social and good as the Irish. It v only by a comparison of the past with the pre wet—with the Ireland of twenty years ago and the Ireland of to-day—that we can estimate the extent or value of the progress. Elections now are quite sober affairs. No largesse of silver—no chairing—no furious riots. Herein we are far in advance of more 1 fortunate England. Fairs are common commercial gatherings, which ths peasant enters in sobriety and leaves is sobriety. The my of a " Two _y!sr old " or a " Shanavest," in same of a Carlini," is as ries as the baying of the old native wolf dog The " Rounds" and " Patterns" have been reduced to limits MOM oar astent with the bermes al Ws. The rut famous am stall bat the pure darks. of the Irish =tow is absorbed in the gases loci. and I dronkennem no league follows in the wake of adore- tion. Donnybrook Is a stall more powerful illustra tion. With the refire al a ci/ Portion pouring nightly into that ore Ames des prosti tutes, chalkers, and pleigeslesta, with the cover it affords for any species at arime,—it is astonishing to see the general order selfish pervades the lower classes. In the ebbing ssil forring current of human beings you will not an alb per cent of drunken nem A good demi of the . regoluitzr is owing to the exertions el the hivta, with eat any exception she Il lha s ert itl yfor era slas Move. With the coat of mail, helmet, and jack-brat of your 1 Reese Guards, they would look a race at giants. 1 Frederick the Oral, fora brigade of seek memoroold be,. 'named arbor provisos. Besides this sestrol ea Grist the blends or tempersses, Dr. bpratt, Jams Horeb" ko,wlll MY tali sad ward on the " Orees," sod wise fa lbe Sided orgies of to- morrow with listens sad *kw An a further ne ;..l.e..poliss summimiewors - bave issued an edict, Ideal spirlbserliquers in all imlicanned VanowTrintir er booths, bare 9 a.m. and after 6 eat. The contract for the evply of mail coaches in Ire had has been obtained by Messrs. Hartley and Browns. The period is five years. The late Mr. Purcell had been ousted by Mr. Croal ; and the ques tion involving a suspicion of unfairness against the then Postmaster-General, Lord Lowther, was dis card in the House of Commons. The transfebt the manufacture to Ireland will be productive al NM *null good ; but the main lines, south,north, and east, are, or soon will be, in the possession of the railway toulasie g , Tire are some illustrations of the enomalousesedi boa of what ought to be our ind epeaiset Papalation contained in the goal jjoommfmaall~ti of wlfsh to instan ce or two may sot be smile. Us Pape Oates, that catifebesday these win 4 ",_, l ntallh, at the stsdist Gress, sot fewer them PSI 'mowers= to liebired by the femora, division sot lop c , • engagements. The wages paid de eat exceedfireperies per day, with diet, and Ibis reds i t Prevented from imam by the bass et Marin from Connaught into Tipperary, t he V them *lllll for 4d. per day with food. On emir band, at Belturbet, in Cavan, the farmers are conowisining ti mt they have to pay Is. 3d. per day to harvest Lberarers, which they my is oarg to the public works i almerbing a greater amount of labour than nasal. l And this is true, for the northern landlords improve their estates-,the squires of Lower Ormond leave the' fertile plains of lipperary to the ears of nature. Another cones tends to overstock the labour market in the south ; the farmers are adoptinthe practice of emitting corn with the scythe, and . are mending even the female members of their es to outdoor labour. lkorammrt.—The psrtiis commreed Lau of the elope. meats mistimed yestesday we thus whoa of by the Franowneelearwel:—Thelr mums, to t further pato cm seek a Mme, are ter thepremet wMWii The Injured Imebead is Massa di bete i =sats Yam gilllD het asme a hlsh plese It lie said that up to a ream puled** lived oaths meet eleseleaste tense ; bat that seas y mimed tee have a pertleakt Thias fw " the red set*" mar* bine* were welisaged, lahmeleve Oxalis.% *Di the bay (so report gem) ! ia tn. abeam het teia• spent a good deal et bra Mae is Me ellissee compsay. £ bm days sime she *sped with Ma. The afar BOOM belles ll k= s zoll s h es alt Ile inbred kwhated , by the advice *ltia las set pedestals,' ea Mk*, say step in the muter. whereabouts of the hwitime it not at prima "elms et. The lady, who winkled ia a ruhicet• alio seelat at theme* sided the dab tedescribed as " young and way lawdassaa." Is was whisplas4 yetterday, that next lam my rem* sweedilag repetUmg SIM unpleasant affair. SCOTLAND. EDIXIIMION, Leo. 21. The National Association for Excise Reform having been charged with meditating "the repeal of the duties which are at present levied on article. of home produce," have issued a declaration denying that this is their object, and asserting that their efforts, as originally announced, are to be directed to " the attaining of complete freedom for all excise traders (with a due regard to the proper collection of the revenue), so that those whose trades and occupations are at Regiment fettered by the excise laws, may carry on their business u fres from government inter ference as their brother traders who are not subject to excise restrictions at all." 01.131111 r ELICTION.—Thanda last L i the day ap pointed foe the useeieetion of Dm represents dem of the twined romaies of Oeimey sad Zetland, the teem of Klekwell pesemeei a some of great animation. Before the bear swifts& be the 1111111111•1.1111 last of the peaseedings, ea imams 111111111OMPI of imakileole had se eembled is treat et and as the leakage messed ea the Kirk Omen. Both amiligelee mob their appearease, each se emmanied bE ra ls prommien of voters sad *them —Mr. Darks was by Mr. J. Bak, sad esseried by W. . Anierson was nominated by Xt. Samuel I. a week of great length, in whisk he conmseed the_ pneenime of the two emirtes very mieutely, giving to Mr. Animals a poppadoms., sewmadation. Mr. Dusan woe a "mere ' wit*, he mid, me who, ia boasting is of imeekieney, beesisi that wldie the elsoomateases of the no to sZ/ C 41114 remised utak or pass b the regress of the orreartry. Mr. • moo wee, an the matrary, a " liberal "in his bort seam who was maidens be every @peeks of reform, and social and polities! advance: The nanimetlea was mosesied by Dr. Scott, of Thilby.—Belk mmilistes deemed the meeting ; Mr. Deities Ia a there gni pithy mew* Mr. Anderson In a beg sled Mese modem At its emelt Ilion a show of hands ins irked for by the sheriff, when an imams* majority apposed in &rem afXr. Amiseees, upon whom the sheriff deans& the theta to lave Ms. Mr. Bakie, of Tanksrw, domeniled • pelta b shelf of Mr. Dundee, which was laid for the Mk mil Nth of August. A vote of thanks to Mr. Yeiff Nears far his impartial con dor* wee then mewed by Mr. Donde', eseemded by Mr. Au tism ma eseeki by essiemeden. The sheriff hating re torted limbs,alepremediep terminated, and the rimming broke up melba loud cheers for Mr. Anaemia but with per goad lamer, and without Laskin wreathing to dis turbans*. . Till 'SOOTING Lotwu AT AZDVIIIIIIN.—AzdverOuIe, the :" lodge " of the Marquis of Absecon, at whisk bet will in a MEW be rending, is situated on Hie bank et In lassisnWee. It was erected by the noble wives yeas ego, and is a missoLal plain, unostentatious ing, rather in its con struction, the windowe, roof, end chi a good deal in the Maga style, end the whole dewily ernes kiss etwint quarters for the • large sheedng play sight to be. And the interior of the ledge pretty desaly with its edema appearance, the mks mere esialbetable than epesions, and their chief "MIIIIRSII the antlers of dear ihet in the surrounding heist Oa the ben walls of two of the priacil apart am* are roughly sketched, by the nesteely bead of Land ow, enact of his best known and inset and them " The Challenge," and " •Oli ot ." Mask 'splendid colleetion of stage look is Isms seri door, from which the roosessatbsgrossifisor Many of these have *lrina sod horlor= lll. 4 *efts: number are royal hank imi In nano weal the most experienced or sucemed asereleater take era pera. The ornaments of the conider ore she those of the bed rooms above stairs, in sent of eldek i 4 directly above the chimney-piece, the highly se fronts* of • deer, surmounted by a pair of antlers, invites the wearied sportsmen to dream of • &den ten, which await him smog the cords@ and panes of the forest next massing. Her Majesty will not And at this residence, either iv herself or her attendants, any traces of that migatiesniss and luxury which not wily surrounds her in bee poises, but eetempenien her to the seats of her nobft , if, however, do mks a change from the opposing* splendour which easireles 1 the throne, and wishes to taste the plusses of a simple dwelling, plain Imams, and retirement, she may do so on the haulm et. Lest Lows. The =Twat A scenery is quits in bombe with the slob of this its internal The look k boot is :tit of wear &boot imam is bassll. with his *ea the usual sossiismot on Ms &Ming in its eppserenes whisk nier aig niego alik =ty among the lists at Highland Mem PROVINCIAL. ALARMING INCREASE long and deep agereedes el the eottoa trade, sad the enormous price et bed timing the winter end smug, have begun to tell seriously igen the penes rates. On die subject such en sirs boo boa takes la Behan, that the mayor has con vened a special waft to earalt as to what is best to be done. In YreMen tie harem has been very great. In the June qwertir, 1646, the number of poor re lished in that town was Ufa, the cost beteg 1,1301. In the June quveretthegemeat year the number relieved has been 12,615, and the Ulla The Prealon Guardian, in drawing attendee' te then beta, lays:—" It will be ruinous to go ea at the Me et fifteen thousand a year for poor taxes dens ; sad if the Ihrebodiage 'corseting trade be realised, we may ban theft sum very greatly Immo! is the winter, from the vest nundien who ere tocpsotel to be out of work. In addition ee wr h the meaty Mos, imbed of aro Moly imam upon as. Mot is done should % be dere imlnuely." CHARY= &Nati CAMP Mllll7l/10.—The Char ties of South Lanosebare hest • huge camo-oneeting on Sun day en tho swum' et lifewton-in-Makarfleld, sometimes , • Meortmairtheare, half-way between Manches ter and Limps* to Omit 16 miles from each of them towns, and ehe newly ogiddisteet from the smaller towns of Wigan and Warrington; the Inner being about sorsa mules, end the latter six mem Monet The aged of the meeting woo to moot ILL o • Ommer, end eengretakte him on Ms enema b Nerisabgaa. sad to diesels tie lend and biros Inselles. The us deer dsemesteeties wee ed by a weft at delegates hem Chabw,* Stock- Bowdekport, 111=albses,ge, itd, , P liaddeis, reen*, Bettn im lltywood, ca , Wive, W and Closter. At this moths/, et the Whhe bras Is. Kr. vet roost, mad the %seildest dissemed wet a reeemmendellos bus wthe thonlete *1 se moss= fuu thez e et ham* seding dew hobo Ilbehlia TM =Os wal V s " " teem ter~s the read mesh ddsgette bed set i;* dins their eindlemets eft dam kir car spin the stns pored net bibs bets gift dna Tit pale wadi/ as the amess, or 7•110411111111011, lea piss abed helt gam Obi, the wine big essommeitel with bobs uses es sem ash draws age** The menhir of ars mumbled ea the spit wet between six end eight theesand ; limey be sta bles= . ates it is Ohba lets men* *et the , ter her sr byeb ensls wiry dinettes. is WI; ...... 771 ;Mei. There is the*, or Weigh" train from liamisMer end anly Owe from =r uf fian** sands. sot of these trains had at or sight bathed ponies. People from other didest towns 101 l ems la carts and Mbar annuls, aid k mu Mated that there were men who had walked se maw se Strty Milli to be present A good ogeinkling et seem sized with the mew, brine the , and hem the grape seattered &set the mamas bibs lie be dsit _sensed, of retreshments aedee n = timed's§ by emus the sountry in all di it wee *ids* dist many of them led coma as tipsy Of pic: ale pert* to I: se mach as pilible with beeiness.—ltr. W. P. attorney, of lbatimater, wet celled to the ebeir, ant the me,Vir whisk Yr. Daniel Denemm s ressi the= present te meths, the 1111110111111 et peeile's until it abseil hewer the law of the he& ad neseeemsd tug *eta member of the p eople 's elweepisns dwelt meet in Insimon the 0.11101011 Yr. Fere* Menet to his met pedimeset, to mom him is the y = heit *de isidose to the matting up of ia hem et be dirtor, is be presestsi by blee. l M mile haft he.. esseeded, Mr. O'Cesser edimesil the emembhge in sews* et k. lie wee readied with pest seriesiess. Es *seed them of hi. ceneminee Is sew watt etlM maid-. sod said that It at be Wilily ass. edstery is the ell *tsetse et *mho ts bd lbw isa yaw et dmkr, ishrepeseinteliea, mid pimeeelles. the =lwee net,, m had Win heard 11 ebb' is he, ; bni bed seek se le Maw issafkat Sho g = • plbreles le sew beim nes est pee live Is r to tome miry milts, end to Om up *eh tidy day of met sat of the seven, to be presset. They bad hese ask* blades, whip, sad free-traders to give a prodof their' That melt only be dose entrast, mid spa inn preen& le metes* their preset will iiir pesi—le etelent the het et theirlatieg Wit he pie hum ib peat et the wasstry memelbal is the teen* at Weilam epee ski peoples' own state, to their own MAME., wilt lie elemewlemes leder whisk Obey be , rawly mot. Leek [tie emleast ef the peewee membe, whim they mare mei the wadies et amp= Seidl MI time, was aseeillsebe m a irib illealffle sad mem' thele—emspere lamer pet t yer MO Met ti Idessey bitt enneat hem, miff est trews, heashea. y He pieta arm te tad lbw whet He web eemeembebe of shwa= la polkaed wee Mr. DemeWis ; aei seeds Medea le Ile WM= le *lir bower el the fete eleelley be wield ask Mem Si like WM owtAege teem the stets of the at MAMA Wiews t _ A teedeea. Tiveram, and M all of - whim's plasm the *my hod candidates ea do :Pse osatreri aw was pearader IM, Rehm Dill, whisk it was ser al te m p el k e tes is lowa et Osemsee a swim sway bet so sedisele diaelitim sae their mesh MeV& ha the of CIMMINO,IIIIII the pewee' et the meseemseat at their bask, was ody ESs be be called epee** Meads to be Intim how they is the Mares of enelerities wade by the wewepmem, mime be, wad Mr. Demeashe, and Colonel neeemee, stems Iselding °phases equally far in ad vases if dmei, were pas dews as feathers in the tail of whiggery. Mr. O'Connor west on to speak of their two estates at O'Cossoorrill• and Lowhards, and said he wa going to Oxford the following day to lay the foundation for another. Be said the &artists had altogether subscribed a anns of between 70,0001. and 80,0001. to be Invested in this way, and gave • flattering account of the position of the settlers on these new estates.—Mr. E. Jones, of Liverpool, moved the wooed resolation, which was to the effect that it was the duty of government so to legislate as to enable the toiling mamas to protect them selves from want, the best my of doing which eras to give them acorn to the land, and calling upon government to make this a cabinet gusetion.—Mr. T. Jones seconded the mo tion.—A moieties, pledging the meeting to support the chartist executive in restoring Frost, Williams, and Jones having been agreed to, both the previous ones were ottani measly approved of, and the westing separated. EXPERIMENTAL STREET CLEANSING AT SALFORD. —Pain.= LABOUR O. hiACHINRRY. The Manchester Guardian pabliskes a statement of an experiment tried in Salford, to compare the expense of street cleansing by the sweeping machine and by pauper labourers. Every care was taken to make the oomparison a fair one ; both efts of workers being placed in the same line of street, on the same day, and the 'treat was of its ordinary degree of dirtiness. It was intended that the men employed should not have bees aware that any experiment war being tried, so that they might work in their usual manner ; but it is believed that some person, desirous that the hand sweeping should appear to be the more troonomical method, urged the sweepers to unusual exertion ; for it was re,narked, during the day of trial, that they were working with extraordinary diligence. It is stated that the men working the machines were kept in entire ignorance of the trial gleg on. It appears from the statement prepared under the direction of the Salford scavenging committee, that the cat of hand sweeping was at the rate of 2731. 18. s. Bd. per annum, while the machine sweeping costa at the rate of 2041. 12... 9d. The hand sweepers cleansed 12,122, and the machine 18,216 square yards in the day. The real cost to the rate-payers of hand sweeping u, according to the Manchester Guar dian, more than would appear front the previous state ment ; for, of the thirteen men employed, six were paupers, whose labour is charged in the account at the rate of only Is. 2d. per week each, this being the sum paid by the committee, the rest of their maintenance being paid for by the guardians of the poor out of the poor's rate. With this exception, every item of expense seems to be included ; and the result is, that, out of every pound spent in hand-sweeping, 10 shillings is wasted. With regard to the qualityof the sweeping, Mr. Lowe, the superintendent, reports, that, "the machine sweeping is d ec idedly prefer able, as the brooms of the machine, by sweeping the street in the direction of its length, act upon the pavement so as to level the earth in the inter. sties, of the stones, whilst hand sweeping has exactly the opposite effect." This is not very distinctly ex premed, but we understand it to mean that the machines remove the loose mud and superfluous soil only, whilst hand. sweepers are apt to remove the gravel from between the stones ; thus rendering them loose and uneven, The same paper says: "Then are, we knew, those who contend that it is better to continue the more expensive process, because it gives employment to hand-labourers. We suspect it would be very difficult to persuade any of these anti. machinists that it is wise for them to lifeline • superior article made by machine, at a shilling, and to buy, in preference, an inferior one for two or three. Yet this is exactly what they do as guardians of the public purse. Out of every pound they spend in hand sweeping, they waste 109., besides what in paid out of the poor rates. But it is urged that this 10e. is not weeted—it goes to pay wages! And would it not also go to pay wipe if it were left in the ratepayer's pocket, to be expended by him as he might choose ; or, better still, if it were spent in increasing the health and comfort of the poor by effect bully cleansing some of the numerous dirty courts and back streets which the scavenger now but rarely en ters ? It is quite right to set the paupers to work, and probably impossible to find any work for them, the returns of which are equal to the full cost of their maintenance; but surely some work may be found in which the tom will be less than 50 per cent., and the loss of land-sweeping is more than that. Surely, also, some more suitable work might be found for aged or infirm men, as many of** paupers are, than one which, like scavenging, exposes them so much to wet and cold ; something more like what they have been accustomed to do, which will expose them less to the public gaze, and which will not, by showing their neighbours that they sr, reduced to the necessity of asking parochial relief, stamp them as paupers for ever." WARI SUPPOSED MURDER AND MUTILATION.—An inquest commenced yesterday evening in Birmingham, on the body of an intent, whose remains were discovered under peeelier circumstances. It appears that a young woman, named Elisabeth Steadman, who, it is alleged, is the wife el a young man recently transported, has latterly filled annalists as domestic servant, at a public-house in Cirokine-street, in that town. On Friday last she was found to be very unwell, and for satisfaction of her employers, a medical man (Dr. Mackay) was called in, who, after seeing his patient, I expressed has opinion that she had brag Ws sem fined. This being denied, a diligent erne mse commenced on the premises, but it was not till Saturday afternoon that the remains of an infant wens discovered in the cesspool attached to an outhouse, in nes lea than seven different parts, the body having been so divided. The qu ee r tion of conesalemmt and mutilation will, it is thought, be fully borne out u against the mother, who, from Lbws, is unable to attend the inquest ; but as regard! , the mess minas question of murder, no conclusion can be arrived at, swing to no evidence of the post movies, examination haring beam adduced at the time of oar Birmingham parcel being IYa warded. A HINT TO Couterstesurr Lintss.—The Earl of Yarborough is adopting some valuable improvements on his estates at Brocklorby. " Upon his estates" observes the Eargern Camas' Herald, " as upon many ethers, the ma jority of the Magas have been let with the fsrma hitherto, the farmer subletting them to the labourers either for rent in money or as pert of their wages. Lord Yarborough has loud been convinced that a radical evil existed In a system winch phased the labourer so completely at the mercy of the farmer. His lordship, therefore, is now making arrange. meats for separating the cottages generally, with certain exceptions, from the farms, and making the labourers I direct tenants of the earldom, and consequently bee to work for any employer they can agree with. The NNW time an when all locality of the swages, edjaiabs be terwaesaboiresesesw the babbles., submit quite ..emery, wales es dr hinaar, to give his a maples entree ever r' el bast. to whw a s b =es reweleed for the essepeties at a tome% ees. lidestial swag et that musk est when, in fiat, r tee r ietlage way he sessibeed as pest ef the bruises isms, esinesbess. This image Int :It plea sad . la err when meioses Ism bee than a read owe trill be bid le this , so as to webs at thee neft, and hafts ill be sires kr. cows slim hie biomes m e in a essillika Is peeve them. His hstilil b abi about to Isidid a seebeisid shed, for abets MI ellibes, with meseses he. sear to lAwher,—the arrived *Wren ths b = sl2 Parishes. Mess eusidsrable, sad st ler the mews st thin bTrd i e=adniellism. This school, We OM will be condassed the same liberal prhidpies wide hays made his wheel at Houshwa, war ibis& se asecessfuL" SUPP2BIIIIION OF PRIZS-TIGHTING.—The Duke of Newer*, end the view sad gentry residing in the vicinity et Weakest love limed dienteelves Leta a society to sop rani pinpVialag; dot saighbonrhoad having lately W OOING 011,11111.7 SNOW 11/111116 pagilistio encsountara have been &MIL . Tao Maxi:mow or JOHN Tuottreort took place an Sato:day at Carlisle. It will be reeillsotsd hem the essionist of the cue which weld in Mk rpm stile time of his trial at the recent swam" Old Thso wet a millwright, and that about min months ego be sim• sr quaintad with a widow named Kash who eligible& as sm. *eta an arstmea over his Mistions that, hi ardor to marry her,> his villa by poison Oa the night after his Mil owl winiction be smooly pasha& in his inno cence, bat isa Ms thlistrin*mandos he side a tan coffilet lion of lis is cgt to the of th e iinsi, with the roomed that it le ask Nohow no criminal mar sentomm dm* over received lie sommissmtion time Ms wroldped ism Thompson—the whole of the eircandomms mossolsi ettli hit guilt Iming worollwrod by a miligallog heitam nom woo no sitompt made *got up a hr a tommultdos otitis somlsmoo ; and the m/ of eggaillon to the ark sf pontimont whisk Os kw says ion be adarl in am of wilfule moat was I the biwgb=2llPdentb. • Semalliessons Capital At on aorly how ea thatior looming, Grew& of peed, alma beneath Sits sallmrs in of die gut, the ibis &mess from the INS 41•11111 bowlike a dem he army skald kola "Soma Am 11 omo • amempimismt, " the mom of mgt. had kp to emend thereat, all anslows Memo ' /sod plasm' mod it masa ha numbers mill the was likomm the ossetionses was oompktely choked sp. Mob beam 13 Aka the representatives of the shed, hemally ," mauled the body' et the stalprit • his mom were ths• Maimed by the essontisser, art he we lei to Ma smilield, id by the letskt, the ezetanwase, mg the dug- Lit She rope was am adgestod, and the mg haw one his kw The chaplain mewl_Mile , pagigh lbw &MK hawk with the wretched ma who tit be bohog drawn, w immediately altorwaids kaki foss otemlity.'" It is stated that ea ogyikngsa was mode M the Imossaks and Carlisle Railway dissismast a speeds train ham Poswitit, on the occasion of the mogailms, bat it was refund. Tea itallellinGioem. fte " NEWCARTLE.—The Onnon Mann gays Tim new wheal In Bandgate, net IMAM Ogee, ie wateryal a visit. Oa Mooftty saw Ilene baleen hen and My berefooted boys, wane hey with theitininn elan ashy. Lae moat sweet beys they t ar ie rt age—agemally On, but nide sad maid. The Maier a patient, fte. eal meths nog sin bus tif bineassd lie anal m ite later id lOW on It In Walesa awe be anqtely ntiok we be previled (as le s ug be to be) Win erannat. The iansetnes ef the met In yen nano be evercetbnated. Dem vine hina llig (we naynay nen way) is ti e week ere lan knee nth, an jaad ban guy at amp natal oat te nen feta as • red ann. Many of net ere elleill•—•=i ef or as sb l eva vass woose iban anima It is the duty inhalant of society to slop bia the Mese their wan ; Melt wlll noddy rep poi htie end y. At the sine inessea heene, the muter diegense4 a teicatfal of bread an assts. ` bat and a diet nee Om to each ; sad se they wen 0e5 . 13 in succooden, mat Modem wag weal set his fellow-ebolent ha a rear with a witty ohnevation. Vit l V gaited if they were as poestual in the* attendant Alt dinner so he e s, and Mud that, to prong t, that prlnWe lithely ta in the aftelsoon to at , t they was neprtoed neat day of half-a-loaf, iled tend. Taft SOCIETY OP ANTIQUARIES OF NEWCASTLE have applied to the town council for a lone of the eld and for a donation towards putting that venerable la a state of creditable repair. If the application is mason fal, It is hoped that no attempt will be made to keen any It=partial visiting the castle. The be=r ie r erec. should be bestowed on that express 101111111. MOHR LnID d't IrdOwYeis. —The " Swedish" eightlagels rag yoolonley at a amen gives by Mr. Weight at the Town-halt. One-third of the large ter was for reserved seats at Imp reis emit, one 7Warititiagninea and a half, and therimi illeguinea. The rear was completely . filled, and the reset arm have realised about 1,000 guineas. An Mahar seer, fear which scarcely a *ht. of the °rehashes add he eheelnwl. wee nearly filled by 'AO persons, at a Mesa pries Pr oses from London, Chichester, H Poetemeath, Sand man, Hyde, Cowes Erith, Bed and even from Dieppe, were present at the concert, Shortly Whse two o'elosh Mille. find's carr i age drove te the . hll entrains, and se eager were the public to see bar, that the trainee was quite surrounded. On alighting, she was eendasted by Mr. Wright to the waiting-noel, and the sewers imme diately enenneced with a duet by Hat Staudigl and Signor Galli, followed by a sir en the con certina, by Case, but the audience ewe 1111 driver of Jenny Lind, that soridaeabbs impatimes was =- daring the time. AS bs the almerel of all observers entered the rocs, wad wee versa wide red and continued applause. She sang "Dew sew" in bar sera peculiar sweeteners of style, and someletsly earagrwed the audience, but no encore was dimendiell. Bat in the next pine " Quando Lanai la Normandie." she literally carried her hearers by storm ; the last oedema, end the shake, ee cially the latter, brought forth a bent et mire. and a rapturous encore. The next aria, nmereed phase, for her by Belk was better calvulated to *piny low eapsution, and in this, she not only excelled herself, but emspietely electrified her hearers, by her extraordinary riven et exe cution. But the next air, "Ah non range,' woe beg thrif. et' ceuvre, and another rapturous errs vre was the and, to crown all, she cloud the concert with the " meeiyft melodies," which possessed so much novelty sad that another encore was demanded, which was= with, and the Swedish nightingale left the roar amtidell great applause. THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 24, 1847. LITERATURE. The Law Magazine : a Quarterly Review of Jurizprudence. No. Xi!., N.S., Aug., 1847. Loudon: W. Bening & Co. Among several articles which do credit to this periodical there is one which, from the subject and mode of treatment, deserves more than a passing notice. It is "on the connexion between the laws Of real property and agrarian disturbances in Ireland!' Everywhere the laws which regulate the tenure of land, the succession to and interests in its possession, must have a most important influence on the cha racter of the population. This is the case in England, where a large proportion of the people are engaged in other employments than the direct culture of the land ; but in Ireland, where agriculture, and that of the rudest kind, is the exclusive employment of the population, the tenures of land, and that only, mould and form the national character. After some intro ductory remarks on the general influence of the laws affecting private, and, in particular, landed, property on the social condition of a people, the writer - to the peculiar importance in Ireland of all laws and facts relating to the possession of land, and says, " land in Ireland is not, as with us, poress by a resident wealthy upper class, cultivated by a substan tial yeomanry, tilled by a peasantry numeral' in deed, yet forming only a minority of those who amongst us earn their brad by the sweat of their brow," while the " Irish landlord is in general an insolvent absentee ; the space between the lords and the tillers of the soil is occupied by the peculiar class of middle-men, and the wretched poverty-strialisa tillers constitate three-fourths of the labouring pops. lotion. Now the history of the land must be read to comprehend the present state of its holders." The reviewer says : Hos toes ottostion, Is do Int Oats. *So *dory of owl to the awn boo OS& Lowly MOO* w iT := Sot dos two gdosloi moot wok ask odloody u els smote grad oseados SNIP do le No= lionoros. Moo on, Os toopooldlos so edits= pow* al *a post Way of We mg** WOW, moot bit wryloollol portsb-a boa of ddoty. bokitas auk vost-sol WY Naylor% do sad is. sloolloss yossaly. ll* lot d dor m a i s root moropidt Is ..asked do vs% Ms Ikons blob On wore logdool by Le of do ISOM lode asy so. assay by lapoolos at amid (Lapse Oat bias sobs Olio ok mods lboy moodsol OM 1 mot yooloOolbot dodo woo oubolOol ts. Olt do ballly, Irmo* is dr soloolle osbos hdliboooo. *RIM ose Not ostorlst of disk MO Moo duo otlysvoylowyos looolibosolobilospoliyuldobboll boo binsd doorways bob vilt obi* Mod= to the moan st vollyirok wad sboodly Yoe orosi thew. toasts do ododyd pet of dr mho r WM. AM tbot as awl ovoid Owfdlooso tad soffindloso soolltoot tar B = l l LVIT-71."Zoty't, .I.llThol lass }st And t h ou fullsiturss fully explain the peculiarly leasehold titles to land which exist in Ireland, and a due consideration of their effect will tend to greatly . modify the rights of Irish landlord& Daring the reign of Meths* .set tracts of forfeited leads were granted to individuals, who in their tarn regranted the lands thus acquired to the original owners upon a permanent timers." These words seem to pout to the holda for urea able for for .per prevail in Ireland. But the lut andeielne was that which occurred at the 1.61. Bet Os otsoldsby =Oft boo thus ammo, .aphasia, tan" is bowol.lol bob tikeys4 by the Mt if Ilittlmeat, Moo the welds dMI ears Tblmos on Ibb as, w the imbibe el ail ars bia•at amps. Upwards a NM= et dos voro ooloodol s Otomos-lbe lommiloodastvonso. and* noosboos oboe lbs nosollnoot of do war lobo osoloolo unit use es awe %dolt allodoiloot vita d ors proud* soy sossodos el ibis Ind ts. Nog olio* blosbil to midi est . Ili yodel Mini lot boos =ma is=olopooso Iblo Me l lb mot brOdsto ben dos Os sordsllosmate los& lss we sissy =sirs *MOO Mei* wart a frame. rpm; Is* mum sew test *am" at mg sass at tat alas um rase amp debik sake ess puma Ma ar Mb d yoldeal sot old oolls-do loot dibt cal tbo Imo/ d looss rosond* PrOdedir. - - - - - - ilmt; we have in Ireland much of that confusion from the conflicting claims and interests of and conquered races which existed in this amatry daring the time of Richard the Pint ; to which mad be added the embittered feelings arising out of prdlesMat amentlemsy, and the long • tier of the national retliglem Now, it is y impala" le bed. is the fall owner, the masa to ' whom &Imbibed Male was grented, and wire had re-granted it issedisid adrsamalis trade, thcesh bhmdd to he a remand hiWag to *a nal powwow; yet end has boat he ongi upon which meet eras Irish landlords ded amill j ti t: tenants and srabidanta. Whittier it arose from micomeire habitues of the um land, ce from other ad% the passesson of bid estates, though Isstabollitn, have always bean anxious to dative imams therefrom, without the wire or regensiblitly of personal managwasst ; and hem the antes el prating sub-lewd and the treaties et niddbiatm. Uses sub-leeses smo often three, bar, and be deep, an exorbitant abases of rent being demanded by sash sreseedve mbhswer; so ,that the actual cultivator, brides being charged an add= runt, is salted to all the Ile =din posies resultinit frets neglect or of covenants by sea sinceserte lade. This, of necessity, acted mast *lift ad gave rise to what in Ireland is called "the dd equity of the covntry." This obsi luity. of which the reviewer disapproves (as we pre sently show, without selEaket ninon) is thus de scribed : 110 Is Dig WM bail the ela t a:t the eamlty Yoram Is poem the Mille of the hank, It haw ben Lem Iv mere mestmet. It MS Illaidling Sails at Se - who 63 UN lame whittle pammemelims mt llstosse ail dr reiska m ama et tee feet mad rats, eel SA mulfeeete Sig the haw waits idiom( ithh the whets pamsolles of Sr Lt tor am, jut ems* all ha Ise odd hie Imai v i i s file ;tee the meekleestios kr SY emmidalsase• it the mewl solidi he esa .sheet jorft at the smela d wee hilt ma la pert mhs et tftssmvamt Ins veil teen Imo Is Ilme smarms; QM Wit Nall lellseeseid what Is the Dm told stem tameemi =um* at Irseldstallesals, let mats* et seell reement esseettas WI • pees mt. din siordrop se • =Wwill meel ow um* tem tat Sr en eir lessmalma to the hose visa ppm' ma oar, rwriles. an le Ow Or Imo to be wad. sal Op ewe to take posseria as assean Omsk* Is pals tin sloe yr Is Mt only s lug part of Os rise; end tbst ishm lime premerestles et the Merl OM mile le la by big few Meow erre dere The la Ms Taw at rime sr bow lierells re emumee tow . Itauelel, mem el se ery ester le arise re ars Mevlir seer bre es. art *Ms oriel et rebel et l *kW rim Mb ta kr es mei feureurellme OW MOM AM allst Mem ou wee r areaway seerllse Is the Illiolim la re eciellsret steel Om By mew Is lbe l = l = Is set * river Oat an= s k rue as lbe Ire elms ma b kit Weld be rear stmerel le le OM. dest Jerp are. asse , the ruillka Or sloe AMA be aura Os enewsitruery met year wed rout ereelea ese=r oy eld Or " Is TN sale relly weed d NI sieges& r ewe d nee rpm et ere atter Mier Mime et tread al = the mu; re Um belle be et buff lo are e And this equity has beam aow fully acknowhdged by the "Tenantry Act," rd subsequent legislative enactments. Absolutely me the recognition of this equity is in inch a date of Magi as exists in Ireland, tt would be natural to that the more ignorant owners el lime would baiiew their right to the land to be altogether Intlakesible, and each is the Beet. On this 'abject the reviewer soya : Wlerver our Ute Mir althe mote is NM le Mew sere kr rev b as kelt that it les bee et rue write miseseed Is r * lie lesim et It re rer al ==l lassals. lie se Erb ea it the trek bed belbeirl I Mir ror bre t tbe la eult ere Ore we ssiters, OEM Me. es Seed= Mg tut ewe WM it iimawreipha elvss Ms le at Ire ins le der am wt area et law UR le seereue la emy 167 . Orlistel brelin et *WI kat It rebid reseres Ois *es re le see p 4be w =userres are weer MEM eerepree et re wad* lbe ewer et the . el ms = wry et a km ream lbst Wee es rut bell Arpliesebst earls sies re armor be pe =l t& er berst; or ell um rarer Na. =M. er re preserlis et Ile Mere set wete es tie pedemese et melds sele byline* Wes pert eked be re bar bar /t re lee %rum weer le nem sad pey bk lbeesarreed‘ at le et sag keel Miler, Ismer, Aet, set My be brset4 bet la error a rs e ered by the at . lbe MOM rest et Ye reerememers. It Ile keekos le re mem tar bus unit Owes sr kr dem lbe Mee et re Mt reamer le lamb" ilia et Men rem lie preeise mime selperlim. Ito rimer re butt til emu it Ire egri Se Miler sleek. re sense et =mg ent Is reTkelseese_ feerelel le de Mira Mos eta let se wearlier, rep& tits et ledelitelis AM roe ere rule eerier may at these slur MA* wales our OEM le pergreee of mire keg* et UM It i rlewel. heeloineon" kir. elee is be re rare elelarrearl ttesaet rem. We me MI etas di breemea Ms doe shez . s l Ze le Me ev =ia alas 'mow wolsease. rvvbwed at User& weeders et re et *stir the emu arise Mr Teesem bee Tea sue; to Ike Ilis plesc" “I de" eye re beggar , "a .ed be megrim dey V en am bed Irk rfebte" - - - And we do cot know that the practical evils of the system can be better rammed up than they are in the following peerage lb a learn not go Ity of hell, tee lows praise an atoolately ta debedble amenity, be as me na • We= No meant Of hie en bit fork—so Weed ess aintee of the deg to &Isla rte =Oben et seen et wits le slam and maw Wain 401 eseartliaglp ter/rd thelerpe germ% aeseslave ee *eV the mow lhe INA in rhea. is pie* fts*. AO M km a lorpor We el e eon Ala leeter. If Sr Yam r ibetigb lMl* et branemb end be lee miners limit Ss weer et Ilte boa. nod dr ▪ ag y sslthai be Is sa. Ile lilt pit eat Ire It le Bet a . egatelells rowslas yealbe be ells Mb let M beemr. lbe of a enewer.—lbet the amnia ma le bin is seta lie other bead a mere ma damp& Is aided dieleala bt anew, bat eta* as inegertipin the bel bolts eel rine be sable SA the =lei et Ile oda ellg! be *ewe yea ea lbe nom eon SA linea. et Web bin Intel et eat plink Nal et steam el bead n an is et s umbimmetes rear hie dime et tie bora et a befillue ealriew The Wm ana ellYaMlsmme la Sr ustelleee lb out Mat tbemitte tele inane 1p Ire =Trib Wiens dia Witaelel WAY of lbe If; but N evil alit* , e • r eke seep Are le psommet ef yllpetk, deem indefeasible e the perpetual astialeteet ef • rip Ale teeleA seek Wee el re ofasilabeat. awl ON le NM be sestAred I • Ale wisely, ado ozaref:oeer pnee•sr pert ei Si. elaimalle Awe re aleallitt ken vita bee tem eavensel, that the .111 belley Wei et this dinertstina le iwYei. sad lit•=1111d Maid ankh:44li y amp Tie these and other evils which arise from the tame of land in Ireland the reviewer shrinkiarom ongesting remedies; bet he sees "no prospect of allerriating the condition of helms& by any alteration in the laws of property, or legislative interference with the prerogative. of ownership ;" which simply means that the landowners of Ireland are to have their own way. Now we think the extracts we have made render it quite plain that nothing less than a considerable alteration must be effected -in the laws of real property in Ireland, and • considerable interfe rence with the prerogatives of ownership claimed by Irish landlords. We do not, of course, affect to do more than to suggest the principles on which such changes should proceed. In the first place, the gnat distinction which exists between English and Irish landlords must be kept constantly in mind. The former are between themselves and their tenants real owners ; the land may at some definite time be taken possession of by the pro prietors, who can alter, change, or modify the con ditions upon which their tenants occupy. All English landowners hold by the universal assent of the community, by purchase, or by title, deemed in these days equivalent to a purchase. But the Irish landlord, in the great majority of instances, represents a conqueror who has got an interest in the land by legalised oppression. Such, at least, is the prevailing notion of the Irish occupiers. He is owner, only sub ject to a number of sub-leases, the holders of each of which conceive themselves to have, and morally have, a far higher title to the land than the landlord. Unquestionably, the object of all Irish legislation, with respect to the tenure of Lad, should be to diminish the number of intermediate interests between the actual occupier of the soil and the real owner, and for that purpose the rights of the parties having various inte rests in the same land should be traced back from the occupier to the head landlord, and not down from the landlord to the occupying tenant In fact, the actual tenant should be deemed the owner, subject to the various paramount interests, which interests he should be enabled by law to com mute or bay up on fair and equitable terms; and each successive tenant should have the like option of buy ing up all the interests superior and inferior to his own in the like manner. la this way it would be found that some of the middlemen are generally the substantial owners of the property, and that the head landlord is often entitled to little more than a rent greatly short of the full value of the land. That any such measure would insure a great change in the ownership of property in Ireland we can believe, but that would be beneficial rather than otherwise. HER Titall*—Beterdey closed one Win nest seesentel seasserever seperieseed at this thwere. The petersnoshed en eethesiside neeptioe how ca aims, the hews le the wry labia Tit *sew ems hr fermi night was w with the Modes of the owns, ea the weltr ilise res !ran manager's woes* es Arnim • wen *We, but few tainly not ma etrembp, seleethse of se* meld have bent auk The 'lewd of Ined Moses were Ilismibled le Ow a eeplist threw* le as mitres who lei wen ink sinurr at eirinstion—they were nay to sympedds, the 1111•116 asides. whist they = the am& le sash ISM whatesed appregehle es Amite/ The socanasbeho el:r . sys interests sedion* het al that intmet winented to wespiele elesspliew Sara was peeled ea Ist apps* wl* wees mime. el* Si the genies et the ern *see wee eas== =:re s telly The hews losemese her* se wee br praise z midi at hat the breams A ge= es reed rt e se et these seines when Ism bold • tieweing limireds of Chnewbrpelise Si breed& &dainties end - sespews. 'wry SW weill lest see Window of the sweet swath shwa be I. end way eye heretwarany Wile Whet *snide mama by her delessisw OM* WA al sowlesies et a* eti‘ the wilense Newel selmed ken the spell Witte wilmlseeses wig gteselesewrele their WA* reties et the wane, sad slag* Jewry Led wee the wiled tyke bran the =Asia to weir a wry berme art The led tribute was reweved for the esesteriee bs T s tre sewn, wile the aria " 11 ! non gime wenn presiems" wee WM the sad the mpg*, was celled ihewerd to seethe Whale Uwe rise l a de is *swan eel hp load sad heresetineed dims, wavie givetekee bow •••**lllesthir rr ea tr tiL b ,a then how threw This have teldei aweieled. the llatiessal Azihew ass woes et whisk 11=11d el ly &awry Ihst. The aikido et the tedist bastes hedir e merterte i t .I:S Oak wad win edgmast ri edis l a et the gases tannin wed • seem which deserve sone theesilthl esesideratioa. ROYAL ITALIAN Opus, COVlNl43Ainlin.—The seems this esiehlithesset was been* to • ins os Sear- Maiel et " ihnizemide," • c wt Y 1 eseshinsi Wend viral Wiest via the moot pellet one of lath& WM at the esanaend et the anwpsnest. Meet elfin ern entheeseediehl, Twebedel. Lads, mg Tentielise; and wort sieibi eil ha it th ese pedsew their segeelhe rep= i lecd, i d s she wee re arin i a ll e Weak liaprids. the le la whisk the wen les Wept tip try llowrOesikeed with Mud to Ws *Wow ilebiesan er these tire eil miesble saves is the dret sad seen& sets (between*, tesiter Amor and the Queen, sod he AMMO awl sdawdeasanow*, which, in the stereotyped Whims el the are sepprweed, se eptilea bat dm* bus awed Si this It will sella, thl***il 1 •••• On Is =lest the rpaper. ural enseliewe st the repewelellin, dthe espiedwit eeilswe which it. sad of the entheelesm with *doh sweat et the smear, that of "Qiaae Tammy" iperliseler *se weed.At as end al theism the prieW sethin; wen aid Whey the weti, elm de karat we pens ark mesh Si the aim at the they by IMMO et Ilerpote Megten wit slawy the ee l " wept* laww." 1 • 1 to those anted bity sad sietW. Ni • v•i/ 1 • 414 d, sot, as It meal* wen-Weel, swepliersot of th is tiesuription wee paid Si Wawa Cw*whe mind et • the heads et Arad a rich beeqest y for h a lz e . viedie readilThe area. road b i nr i a gr i sasegh shill 'Mar Arms Rare to se* average as It liii tetra dr Idris eseepew dr }retells. boxes, sad ampiddludess, steed up to de brew ta re ar dor' erthem whir was mg An the 'it th. M bed Ilea& A meerestatra, at Thous he ie le drily den the ex s ft eigaor Costa s reaps tee the year Int THE TWO ITALIAN OPLEA-HOIISEL—RETHOOPECT 07 TUX SILSOX.—These rival theatres both dosed on Satur day night, terminating a seams which has excited an wipes mantel degree of public attention. It brings to mind the celebrated struggle between two similar establishments • little more than a century ago, when a great party . of the aristocracy set on foot an Italian theatre in opposition te Handel, sad carried It ea till they ruined the mighty mas ter's fortune, broke his health, and drove him to the verge of insanity, a nd then abandoned a strife the result of which was the extinction, for • time, of the Italian opera in Hog land. The conte st now begun, we trait, will not be attended with such disastrous consequences either to the parties en gaged in it or to the musical stage in this country. Circumstances are now greatly changed. In the middle of the eighteenth century there was no pubhe for the Italian opera—it was supported entirely by the classes com prehended under the term aristocracy ; and they, even when united, were not more than sufficient to support one enter tainment ofso splendid and expensive • kind. In our day the Italian opera has become really • public—almost • popu lar amusement, understood and appreciated by a large por tion of the middle and educated duns, who feel it as a great privation that its expanse almost excludes them from its en joyment. The diffusion of musical knowledge, end taste too, among these claws, has created a demand for intriasie ex cellent* in a branch of art which hitherto has been wholly under the dominion of fashion. When, therefere, the formation of • second Italian opera-house was announced, it was hailed by numbers who. uniafiueneed by partisanship, conceived that an honourable competition for the palm of merit might not only exalt the character of the Italian opera, but render its enjoy ment more accessible to the great body of the public. That these effects have been produced to anything like the extent which might have been expected it Is impossible to say; though, certainly, competition has produced its usual effect stimulating the contending parties to exorcism which. would not otherwise have been made. liar Majesty's Theatre first took the field, having opened about the middle of February. The programme of the mass gave mighty " note of preparation." It announced the names of the performers in opera and ballet who should appear in the course of the season, and in respect to them has been fulfilled to the letter. But in reward to the pieces to be per formed the case has been very different. It was promised that Meyerbeer should visit this country in order to bring out his latest opera, " The Camp of Silesia ;" but from the day the theatre opened we heard no more of Meyerbeer or his opera. This, we believe, mat ters little, for " The Camp of Silesia" his not raised the author's reputation. Then, Mendelsohn was to produce, in person, " The Tempest," composed eapremiy for this *mitre, and the performers of the principal characters were named. We need not remind our readers of the controversy and squabbling, the insertions, denials, charges, and emu minations, to which this unfortunate announcement gave rise. ldendehaohn appeared in London, but without any opera ; and as he himself remained silent, while Mr. Lam ley never stated the specific terms of his engagement, the maths remains in darkness. That Mendelssol.a intended OD mite an opera on the subject of " The Tempest" for her Majesty's Theatre is certain ; but it does not appear that he accepted the libretto of Monsieur Scribe, or that he engaged to produce his . opera during this season, We earnestly hope he w ill yet do so ; for there is not (nor, we believe, has there ever been) another musician so deeply imbued with the spirit of Shakspeare. Mr. Lumley further promised Rossini's last opera, "Roberto Bruce;" but this promise has been "more honoured in the breach than the observance;" for the opera is altogether unworthy of the authew—a more crambe re meta from his previous works. We wish Mr. Lumley had honoured in the SIMS way his promise to produce the wretched "Masnadieri" of Signor Verdi—the only one of these promise that has been kept. To these specific pro mines Mr. Lumley added the general announcement, that "the repertoire should be selected from the es lesratone of Mozart, Cinema, Rossini, Donizetti, Menadante, the." A brief retrospect of the pieces actually performed will show how far this edge has been redeemed. Ile theatre opened with "La events," probably the best cf Donizetti'a operas, in which two of the new stars of the company -Su perchi and Gardooi—appeared. Both were well received ; bat BupemAti afterwards gave way to the superior powers of Coletti, while Oardoni at once took the high place in public favour which he has always continued to hold. Then came Verdi'. " Nino," " Ls Due Foecari," and " Eruani," Bel lines " Sonnambula," and Donizetti's " Lucia di Lammer moor;" end these pieces formed the repertoire of the anti- Easter Demon. Fraachini, who had been announced in the general programme as " the great tenor of Italy." appeared first in the part of Edgar Ravenswood, and then in that of Ernani; and though he exhibited great energy, yet his physical defect/ of voice and aspect -di minished the effect which his powers were other wise calculated to ptedues. After Easter, the above operas continued to be repeated, with the addition of the " Puritani" and the " Elisir d'Amore." till the 4th of May, • day rendered memorable by the first appearance of Jenny Lind. It had been announced that her engagement com menced in March, but the well-known &steel, s to her ap pearance delayed it till the above day, by which time the public had absol j uAll got into a fever of expectation and ex citement. Her performance of Alice in " Roberto Dia volo," and thef urore of her reception, are fresh in every body's memory; and her next part, Anima in " La Sonnam bulk" produce d, equal sothusiams. Her third character, is "Lx Futile del Reggimento," was received with the same vehemence of applause as the two former, but was regarded by dispassionate judges with much leis favour, the opera itself being alight cud trifling; and her part in it neither suited to her nor worthy of her. In Norma her performance approached so near:y to a failure that the opera was immediately laid aside. Then followed Verdi's abortion, the " Munadieri," to which no excellence of perfermance could give vitality ; and lastly, she appeared, on the last night but two of the season, as Stuco:mz, m " Le None di Figaro." We have so lately described this per formance, that it is sufficient to say that this delicious opera was so imperfectly represented es a whole, that the charming personation of the heroine was shorn of half its effect; and that, after one repetition, it was found expedient, in doing the theatre, to return to the infinitely inferior, but more attractive " Son nambula." Now it appears very plainly, from all this, that there has been no improvement this season, but the mine, in the repertoire of her Majesty's Theatre. This is the lint sea son for many years that we have not had the beautiful " histriroonio &grata " of Ciothrese, sod the nestehlem " Don Giovanni. ' Of Of Mozart, we haw, based, had no thing but the two performances, just mentismed, of " Figaro;" and, with this exce_ption (if it dereves the some), and that of Meyerbeer's " Robert the Deed s " the rdpertoire has con sisted of the most keeneyed of former seasons. La regard to the oompaa , es Mr. Lumley said is his programme, that t wee "under circumstances of puuliar difficulty, _" the ealoblibin Steatites of the public having (except Lahlube) gar Is • body to the rival house—its strength en elhissey bare done greet credit to his sseedres. A company containing Lind, Cutellaa, thedosi, Preeshisd, (Matti, Bupercbi, Otandigl, and Lableite,with several setbsodieates of respectable ability, may well les idled a pewedal sae. But, while redus duet ia owes pertieulan li was &Active in others. It bed UOiSDIUDOD ONlSiwomaa Odubms Castel! an being a prima nun issubste), and than was apemen a tolerable contralto- Lablaehe, during the whole sesson, has been almost lost to the public ; and etsedigt, ken whom so muck was resin- May le have ben eqeseek wag be said to have actually OM Osseers. The neon et the SIODOA has been upon Jew Idad: the segemese be as sad bear her has been • mesa; and the crowds datum by thie mania to the theatre, have ben Willed by Inn, and betwieg her, no man" is what. But, however contobele coq bare b een the pan niary success of her snowmen% it is very plain that her great qualities have net ben Owned to the beet acenn% either be • dress& arc asial plat of view. If (as we boot) eh* seem Is us seat psis, we heel she will r 4 • bother seissties stelmelsre. With rester* to e ig sebeetn, ft was likewise lard seder didleah sheath seesaw ekes the debeelen MOW, and Ids hope It els hied yeses dot-rat pselbneses, bat the tea ad La" did NO seen very mitt; sad Mr. Balk, though ea able sad mhos casetwase, bow see bees sblit to Om hie a woes of Mgt distigiles. th e ballot s The h r those dra _fts Olset. % si b= bed a seestellatisa tithe west buMeetstigliont, Car lotta Oriel, Cotto, Grebe, Rosati, the bet of whom has been the " sew planet" of tke sums • and they, in conjunction with Bt. Less, Pewee, Peal Testiest, da., have eppeered be • swiss of beautiful sod attractive esswhistesh, sang wbhit a movies' et the fasea " Pes de testae " mist Net be ftrehse. 11es • Hegel Italian p r ime essmosed loot ems is the bsglowlegst April, in thweselpedea Melds% sowthrtsi at an nearer swum into ea errs house, rivalling Iles Majesty's Theatre in magaitude nod splendour. In the forthby the it was anatennedi M P l=is I .eslahlished 61 • Ens Pia= fauna tbs . i . mis anima them bee bees in thie essetry. Opens of Me, NM" sod seise the Oda bales smoisos, west glethissi, In Wilke rLa • west saris std weds el 61 awe smethes stage ; sad the list et peohraws e bulbs the palesipl members of the ell Higthel6ll .26l.a. ,l weed sew DAMS of mai. ;Viat - b•btwsdssaaaancri The iwis A vess bessekbeaseteemsh as teembe• ' melds& ,seas is ths palls. Imbed, sessidadeg tb• th eme isseeed, wed the scaled the undertaking, say isersetest red prices of admission was out el thupsegion; and _ ties pab li s had to lon far was the arm sheated sattelswied abesester of the esteetath. swath Os the opesies eight, the eipsehise et the paha wes seises& by au aelierst semis" le tethod,and the eathuslailleepplanse Or bows doing the whale mains. The 'tithing 11•01•1's " Busiremids," with umengoili *mien and ezesllsom• U r Z eilid enald bereelt, Iteatradet's re-muse/nee, saw bi , s u i r m it abswese, was Wei win @bouts of wslesese. Betas thellewsifthie geellesed by Mdlle. Albans; 5." 4 wham streseliss, end toommism threw the anions I into truspsois.' 116 showiatho psibmew bee deer ese , NA even stssegthesed, the ithpowsks the wsdl o al . ...*, that she km wag lase thessees situatlime tiN 2l hew hwasnile se Ow Whir „ a. the essess..L's AI. 1144 . P lll l, The ev al e ßelobj le kr these" / 07 • Id•• hgase„ seiteess===kn sad had se that et 11•4rbeesise with a easesitethiss. The sett PO &as*" Malta di Rebate, win waft thisilsiess owl wessesseetrd. These tandem wire redeemed by the swam of " Lucretia Dtegta," ceased by the beiribn