The Express. — London, England, 1852-12-27 00:00:00

Iht ersirtOL TO CORItESPONDINTE. A sewed Mies Ile Tiptoes." scatebb. 'ee albs eveleb'f% Orals." pokiselhed every Teasley se I rtl , •i Nate. Is USW be pot. ebeesabbeoblisisobel:at " Deo lapesse; Lobs Ambit pow. west be of dr rinse. 10. losvase.atrus. 7, Two *Volk QS Ow Oboe publibibob HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tot. My—lionfts. Mi. .......Aress. ft No. Tomossaw—lloniter. ft. 7z....Allensft. ft. 37ft LONDON, MONDAY, DECEMBER 27. THIERIET, the French historian, hes written • remarkably clever sketch of the history of England, making use of Hunt as his principal authority, in which he shows that, essentially, the form of govern ment in this country has been moulded upon that which would be adopted by conquerors towards a vanquished nation. He asserts that since the Nor man conquest the descendants of the victors have dwelt in this country as in • " camp." Their position here has been that of military tenants of a conquered land. Any person acquainted with the ficta of the case will have very little difficulty in satisfying himself of the truth of TURRET'S remarks as applied to the first few oentui ice after the Conqueror. The author, however, carries out his parallel further, and shows that the successive modifications which have been made in the constitution, and which have tended to diminish the apparent antagonism existing between the two parties, have been in reality of the nature of compacts, in which the contracting parties gain or lose certain privileges without forfeiting any portion of that distinctive character which keeps them apart as two ',loosing classes. There is • great deal of truth at the bottom of this delineation of English history ; and recent events seem likely to support it with additional confirmation. The old great feudatories, the tenants-in-chief, still hold pos session of the administration of public affairs. They still assert their exclusive right to this position. Lord Deana. will consent to recog nise the temporary superiority of another party in the "camp," but the laws of chivalry do not com pel him to recognise as " foemen worthy of his steel," members of that class which his ancestors denomi nated " knaves and villeins." The price which any government must give to receive moderate fair play from its opponents, is.—that it shall confine itself in the distribution of offices to the peerage and baro netage. 'the doors to office must be closed against " the democracy." Anil thus it is, that the affairs of this great eoantry arc settled at political tournaments, where none but those of exclusive blood shiver lances and exchange courtesies, while the people —Lard Draor's " demo cracy"--are permitted to sit round the lists, to look on. and applaud. FRONT DE MDT and BRIAN DE BOIS (WILBERT will break lances with the Dis inherited Knight or the Black Sluggard, but OURTII. the Saxon, or Loci:size, the forester, must break no heads but their own. They must not enter into any contest in which their destinies are decided. The people of England must stand outside of the arena when their interests are the subject of con tention, mud can only interfere in the strife by the means of aristocratic proxies. To maintain this stem, Whip and Tories are equally pledged. Lord June's beast in the last Parliament, that he never kept any but the very best society, is equally significant with Lord DESIST'S denunciation of the dangers of democracy. A really patriotic Minister, who would wish to make use Wall the forces which are available for the goverument of the kingdom, who should endeavour to press into his service the learning, intelligence, science, habits of business, which dis tinguish the great middle class, would be met at the very threshold of his undertaking by the cry of " breach of privilege." He would be told—as I'VROOT was told by the French aristocracy when he wished to legislate for the nation and not for a class —that the constitution was an aristocracy of the nobles, the clergy, and the magistracy; that it was the privilege of the nobility to serve the King with their swords, of the clergy to serve him with prayers, and that the common people could contribute nothing but labour and taxes, as they sprang from the con- quered race. We should have sentimental nobles praying like the Prince of CONDO of the day, that 1300 would grant them but one gift, to die u noble men and lords of their lands. The whole territorial aristocracy would unite together to maintain every article of that political creed which, in the words of CANNING, " assigns to a certain combination of great " families a right to dictate to the Sovereign, and to " influence the people." This condition of things will endure just as hog as the aristocracy are enabled to control the repr► sensation of the country by the means of an iiii and corrupt electoral system, and no longer./hit the monopoly of the county interest is broken up— when the towns are invested with their due share of political power—when electors are protected in the exercise of their electoral privileges,—then three colossal interests which have arisen in the country during the last three centuries, and which are intrin sically of far greater importance to its grandeur,well being, and improvement than the territorial is terset, will have an entrance opened for them to the parliament of the nation. Then, and not till then, will the House of Commons be as a malneeftilve assembly, commensurate with the magotads of the greatest nation in the world. All the elements of England's power will appear there in their due pee. portions. Her commerce, her manufactures, her science, her arts, her learning, her literature, will there meet with a dee expression. Thapeople will have confidence in each a House, for it tern rapionent popular feeling in its highest and noblest form. All this, however, is at present Utopian. At present we mast endure tome Lord ABERDEEN ramie. about frantically from lord to lord begging hlm to take a share in governing us. The s = tr av content themselves without an until a certain number of the " s eiTT u t i ; that THIERIT describes as permanently in England. can decide upon the diatribe/Os of the offices. As soon as this le done, as seen as our aristocratic leaders have undertaken complacently the task of making our laws and pocketing our money, we shall stand a chance of seeing a little legislatioa take place. If .it so happens that the " combination of great families which have a right to dictate" is powerful, affairs may go on smoothly for some time, and some useful measures may pass. If the "combination " in question is nearly equally matched 'II a powerful "combination" on the other aide, there will be jousting instead of legislatiss. The nation will have to stop in the oils of many • career of usefulness until its erittoststital masters have settled their quarreh, and a new " combination" is formed. This is the hte to which England will be exposed, as long as the Parliament is unreformed. It remains, then, for those who wish to sea the nation in a position, as far as its govern meet isconcerned, to develop •lt its energise, to press upon Whatever administration is, formed • revision and an extension of the suffrage. By this means, and this alone, will the " combinations of great families" be made to recede kom the vantage-ground which they unjustly occupy, and the nation allowed to take possession of its just rights. IT is an unspeakable relief to be told that Sir Juts ORAHAII does not go to the Home Once. Admitting all his great efficient !services in behalf of Free T °sitting the administrative shill he showed when before in the Admiralty—where he may be most serviceable again—admitting the just views he displayed in the Committees of Military and Naval Expenditure—admitting the decidedly liberal tone of his more recent speeches-oin the opening of MAUI/11'8 letters, and all the low, dirty, and revolt ing details of an-English espionage connected with that ugly story, will haunt one. At no time—but above all at a time like the present—could any tree 'Aber.' feel comfortable if the Home Office were presided over by a Minister who stoopto show such undue complaisance to Continental despots. The present moment is one in which there is atattaratile danger and disgrace is any mood apa thetic of the pulls that would tolerate complicity or soasivanee with foreign absol. , iistu on the part of F. 1141611 Minisse.v Ctviliratim -lid its attendants, Limey and Rational Government, adm i x, an d recede alternately. the retriqiii•le movement is like the reflex of the wave td the riwing tide—eserelv preparatory to a further advance. Bat all with ahem it is earnest to be b. Illsbrivw of advassing Von noel elkag het to 7 r re I,Movt_ lobo tie yam is game to sea. At Lording backwards fo r %L pidity and impetuosity. The_ pebbly lenge of ItHe has been sesossisti by elk still more excessive. Everywhere te. alga is trampled upon wail ....__ ail I =1 4 : 6 1 ern of I frith, b ll that the Begildreensfunena se senduct itself as to leave all muddle on ebb head impossible. What is required d Bagliatase in 1863 is nearly the reverse d whet ems. 'red of thew in 184 8. Now dreg* b ably as moth le the asoiniant on the Continent sea liberty en emerehy then seemed to be. It behoves Em men, in these shembeeness. to show the same well- balanced elhillill toed jodprent now that they did' then. As Insildimpa pollselly pointed against the sway of plicaddinse ma ostonele in 1848, se dory . ozaht meth* to mist evil* the=t o 2,„ hosA oed kingly and b 111324. Witham hinted at thole li k i let bipeds et Ise peel osomideos being mob So obi am oiled " Moral Oseonalkes " is hese pain. In the testis i d Tadisataataty Itellma. The IHOMemO27 alarm Gat the spoor of Mamililee WM, and trasanklet to the Neapolitan pee meat ef the inkunellsie whimit led to tie septum sad judicial wortior at the Itsentrat, has awakened es to the dew aLi ... of overaubservienoy to Continental into the Home Moe. l a rbile ' ret;fligent and earnest advocates of non inierweelea and a pacific policy are keenly alive to the lopaleoce of sympathising with and favouring the of liberty and good government in all nations. if they protest against the intswention of foreigners in the domestic affairs of any state, it is because they know that " who would be free, themselves must strike the blow." It they sabot to abstinence from aggression, it is be fallen 11117 bare learned from history that permanent Lee baritutions were never estab lish ed by the sword —that armies organised to put down oppression have, with the one exception—that commanded by WASHINGTON—become oppressors in their turn. The enlightened and intelligent friends of non-inter vention sympathise with the efforts of freemen in all Linde, and are prepared to aid them in any way in which they can receive real effective sissistanos. That they are so prepared, partly at the instiga tion of sentiment, there is no reason for their being ashamed to confess. Sentiment is as neoessary a part of our nature as meson : it is to be regulated, Mt extinguished. When, In mealtimes of M ime reasoning, any man or nation has contrived to dodge himself or itself to the acceases of generous semitheent, they have become incapable of virtuous MIN. Thu love of liberty for itself is a newt/nary i sedition of a healthy political morality. But upon ambulation as well as mere sentiment it is ad *Ws for a nation and its rulers so to mien themselves a to prove that they with the rights and liberties of their Governments are ephemeral, peoples ere ; Louis NAPOLEON and the bogs and hie soutemporaries, with the systems of wfish sash hems a part, will pens away, but the nations of Rugs will endure. It is our interest to attach to us thew who have the surest prospect of survivorship. As in private life there are duties we owe to our families, and duties we owe to our neighbours, so in political life there are duties we owe to our country. men, and duties we owe to the foreigner. It is our duty to assist and uphold our countrymen against the aggreenions of strangers. But as at home there are abettors of op- ' preesion and friends of freedom, so also in foreign states. The friends of freedom have everywhere a common came against the abettors of despotism, ' their efforts in behalf of which are only to be limited ' by the duties their nationality impose. upon them. In the great struggle commenced by Louts& had ' not the Protestants of Germany, the Low Countries, and England, end the Huguenots of France , _ to a ' certain extent, made common ca use , Popery 4 would have crushed them all. And in like man- 1 Der if the members of the popular Pa throughout Europe in our day do not stand by Pesch ' other as far as their obligations to their respective countries as citizens permit, despotism will in its • own good time trample them all down. Even apart from this consideration, every fres country has an interest is encouraging its citizens to cultivate a prattled sympathy for the friends of liberty all ' over the world. It keeps alive the glow of inde- pending@ and freedom for home use. Far theme romans the people of England ought to boom et all those men who have betrayed • ! solosevion et towards foreign despots in any AN glove flay can indulge it. It is not the mis- dem of this esentry to be propagandist, or the ' (lift of lib eelimn in Europe ; but national dig shy soil the ON Mosso of the nation alike require that eat nine amid Is empolled by the pressure ,of pipit mike so to set that foreign rulers shall ' see asil hi that they entertain a constant sense of their resgensibility as the administrators of a people : jealous of their liberties. parliament matteiswas never thought of till alter 1830, when an enervating system of government was inaugu rated; that legislative forms hare bees found to create delay, and that now, especially that the par liamentary session is limited to three months, the delays would be greater than ever. This part of the subject is wound up with the trenchant argument, repeated many times, in varied p , that the' Emperor must know best. In s h o r ;tifithe some what vague power given to his Majesty to modify at any time his own relations with the great powers of the state, a reason is given which mg pore ember.' reeling to hie successors; it is imps' this, that he having . made the Constibthhn, must natu- 1 rally be la a better positle, than any one else to perceive Ant anseirmats may be- come necessary. Tb• treated at great length of tie roam ins kw rial family, and the provision tie be nab he thew, but these matters having ben logehmed by the Senates Cbasultson in the Civil LlRd some days since, a paragraph on this has been struck out. In recommending that de senators should be paid, the commissaries °bosom that it is incompatible with the dignity of a great body that they should individually be dependent for their dote dons upon the good pleasure of the executive. This remark occurred to many private individuals e l e ven months ago, when it would have been next to high treason to have said so, but that was before tho sena tors had voted the empire, and the salary of the Emperor, and thus made it comparatively unneces sary for him to keep any hold upon them. It is re ported to be fitting that the Corps Legistatif should be paid for their loss of time in the performance of their public duties. lam unable to discover in the report any reason for this measure which would not have been equally applicable less than a dear ago, when it wasthought fit to , lay down the precisely reverse prin ciple. A reason, indeed, occurs to me which could not well be stated to the senate. When the Legislative As sembly was violently dissolved last year, the saving of their salaries-OW, 23 francs a day—was promi nently put forward as a great gain to the country. These 23 francs had beoomo singularly unpopular with the tax payers, who were encouraged to believe that the recipients made long speeches to protract the session for the sake of their pay. In this state of public feeling the institution of a Corps Legis taff willing to work gratis, was complacently pointed at se a striking instance of the advantages of the new order of things. AU this is, however, now out of date, and it is obvious that a paid parlia ment, with a dissolution constantly hanging over their heads, should they dare to throw out a government bill, will be more malleable than an unpaid one. To return to the report—the system of voting each minister's budget in a lump is held to be necessary, because when ministers are hampered by the necessity of submitting each chapter to parliament separately, they are apt to put the es ' timates too high, by way of precaution, and then having got too much they are naturally prone to spend it. Thus the voting by ministries, which every bedtknows will practically deprive parliament esti over the public expenditure, is cleverly sepasated as an indispensable measure on the Wan of economy. Members are no I.nger to have the privilege of seeing that their own speeches are correctly reported. The president and a commit tee will settle privately the reports to be made pub lic. After all this the arps Lstisslaisf is emphatically told that they are perfectly independent, and that their mandate is a noble one. The Petrie states that the Emperor will not return to Paris from Compiegne till to-morrow. The Ministers of War, State, Flowers, and Ma rine, and Marshal Msgnan, returned to Paris yester day from Compiegne. It is announced in the Monieetre that Mgr. Gari baldi has received letters accrediting him in the quality of Pope's nuncio at the court of the Emperor of the French; and also that Prins. de Casighano. Minister of Foreign Affairs in Tuscany, has officially announced to the charge d'affairea of France at Florence the satisfaction with which, the (Irani Duke Leopold, Archduke of Austria, had learned the acces sion of his Imperial Majesty to the throne. Fresh credentials are about to be sent to Prises Peak towaki, M. Lanileussens, Frisch masa at Santo Domingo, fell a victim on the 9th of November to as week of yellow fever. M. Baez, the president of the Domi nican republic, scarcely quitted hit bedside dosing his illness, and afterwards &teams shied mourner at the funeral, which was etodesioLimitli great pomp, the troops, clergy, and prineigal.fasMissariss being present. The funeral service was. pedaresed is the cathedral, and during its mainmasts discharges of musketry and a salute of nine amass &Os was heard. - Finally, • decree di the pookileat sidered that masses fee the repose of the meld the diseased should be said is all the oirmairra tluvrightek the re public. _ The Date publishes a letter from leaves in which it is edited that a ruing female, aged 18, the daughter els member of the protestant church of &Weil, died a few days. mime. The nasal permis sion for the interment oaths body . was given at the I Mairie„biat when the cavil was informed that the cork of the perish would, net be called on to attune he veithtirew the pernakidem, and said that be @Wahl perfi xis the ceremony civilly, and wrote a lilts* to the protestant pastors informing them of his &a ka. aniL added that if thq wished to attend they east do row private indreiiaat, witheat their rob% and Irabidding any discourse to be mile sR thin pave. "td. &cordon, the protestant egoista, sonsiiered it his duty not to pay any attends, to the probibi. ties of the mayor, as he had bun duly maid by the State pastor for Troyes and the departamat. He andl his callow 's, therefore, placed themselves at the head' of the funeral prooauon, but when it arrived at the entrance of the cemetery, and was about to pass through the gate, the mayor, escorted by two gen darmes, obliged the body to be carried throagli a narrow passage on his own property, which attoine the burial ground; and the passage wee so narrow, that the eight young girls who bore the coffin were obliged to glee up their places to two men. The numerous persons present attempted to pass through the usual gate, when the mayor in an angry tone ordered it to be closed by the gendarmes. When the coffin had been lowered into the grave, M. Re cordon read the usual service, but while he was ad dressiig the persons assembled, and who were all listening with the deepest attention, he was three times interrupted by a gendarme by order of the mayor, who desired him to finish and leave the place. At the Bourse, to-day, business was done in the Three per Cents. at 82t. 10c., and closed for the sr count at 82f. 40e.; Four per Cents., 98f. 50e.; Peee and -a- Half per Cents., 106 L ; for anonst, 106 f. 25e. Bank shares, 2.930 f. In railway shares, Orleans, 1,630 f.; ditto, new, 1,030 ; Versatile* (left bank), 352 f.; Paris and Bonen, 980 f.; Se nis b urff and Bale, 365 f. nOo. ; Northern, 897 f. 50e.; Paris ) and Straaburg, 830 f. ; Paris and Lyons, 930 f. ; Lyon and Mediterranean, 770 f. ; Western, 780 f. ; Casnamil Cherbourg, 025 f.; Bordeaux and Cette, 612 f. SOL ; Bordeaux and Tette, 260 f. ; )(entente and Trips, 3261.; St. Vizier and Oray, 550 f.; Rotten and Havre, 63.5 f. ; Central of Italy, 1,002 f. Sc. PARIS, CIIRISTVAS Day. The Monileur publishes M. Troplonts report to sh e gnat s u In the name of the committee= to examine the project of the Sennius C relative to the interpretation' and modifloaties of the Constitution of January 14, 1832." I ant snow Carl to send you the text of this heading, because there is in it a single word which is the only notable result of the long digiberations of the Senate, award devoid of any peasticial import, but introduced tor the pitiable purpose of enabling the hireling mem bers of a packed Assembly to declare at some Mere period the responsibility of an act, which they have now neither the courage to refuse to sanction, nor to approve. They were not cal'ed upon by the goverrment to ' interpret" the constitution. The proposition laid before them by the government commissaries, MM. Baroche, Ranker, and belong'', [ purported to be a project for the " modifica tion" of the constitution. The Senate was asked ' to make certain changes, represented to be long ago 1816 that the powerexireised by the executive in the first instance was necesswily subject to the ratifica tion of the legislative bony as the guardians of the public puree. This principle has never since been qmstioned, and it occurred to those astute law yers, MM. Earache, Rouher, and Delangle, to doubt that the principle was applicable to the constitution d harry, 1852. Admitting that the ratification lay the Curps Logislatil was necessary as things Mood, they alleged that such a check upon the action of the executive was "incompatible with the dignity of the Empire," and therefore they called upon the Senate to do away with it. At least three-fourths of K. 'fisplong's ponderous report is devoted to this millisst. It is evident that the obsequious Senate itionliss at the probable consequences of conferring salhalted irresponsible power in commercial matters Ipso • single man, whose principles of political seasony, if he have any, are wholly unknown, and Irbil may perchance sport with the material interests et millions for personal objects. The feelings of the senators may be judged of by the following passage from the report: While seeking to do good, the government may be hur ried on to fatal measures; there is a certain commercial treaty whist, would alone snare to cause the utmost dis turbance of every interest, to reds agricultural industry, to annihilate oar manufactures, and to upset the entire system of our polities) economy. By a busty treaty of commerce, nothing would be easier than to eempromiee the internal rictus of the country as surely as a treaty of peace entailing the pt nt of a mshiddy, oe a mains of territory, would w the national honour. This passage evidently betrays a sonvuleive horror of free-trade principles, to which, mordiog to vague rompers—upon which, by the way, ne reliance what ever can be placed—the Emperor inclines to become a convert. But the Senate, apprehendrag according to the measure of their own understandings—whether enlightened or otherwise is not the question—im mense danger from the power asked for by the Emperor, proceeds to great it without restriction or qualificatios. M. Tropleag, now (alas! that it should be so) the highest judicial authority in France, plasters their consciences with the word " interpre tation." Putting on his gravest judicial fare he exclaims, "Take care, gentlemen, you are not legis lators here; you are but judges who cannot loch out of the four corners of the record—it is not competent for you to consider what may be the consequences of the powers asked for by the government. Before exercising your higher attributes as lawyers, yours is the modest task of declaring the true intent and meaning of the existing constitution, of which, allow me to remind you, you are the stand ing interpreters. I will prove to you as clear as day that MM. Baroche, Itouber, and Delangle are quite mistaken in supposing that any new powers in this matter need be sought for at your hands, be cause I will show you that these powers already exist." Having thus broken ground, he proceeds with feasts' prolixity to make out his ease by the process of rejecting the uniforms mum of practice since 1826 as the result of bad parliamentary habits, by doing violenee to the plain teat of a Senaluft Conaullum of 1802,.end by citing as a precedent an illegal act of Napoleoe 1., which he segues it must be assumed that Napoleon 111., the author of the constitution under eseeideration, must have intended to follow. The legal argument thus satisfactorily conducted toe close, he absolves the senators from all re sponsibility, assuring them that their vote by 'no means implies that had they had any choice in the matter they would not have enter tained serious doubts of tb. propriety of amilidisig the ceremonial interests of the country to the un controlled will of the exceed,* power. It seems that after all the doctrine of interpretation did not completely resume senatorisleseaples, for this pan of the report ameludes with. as empty suggestion that it will be competent to the Senate at some future time to submit to tbrapprobation of the crows • general measure for the promotion of agriculture, commies, and manufactures The remaining part of the report, at lass length, supplies reasons to jus tify the power granted to the Emperor of making railways and ordering all public works without the sanctionef the Crepe Legisittf.the voting; the budget by ministries, and.the othee less importout points of the &menu thossedlion. The only amendment med. by the Senate el any impedance is cue directing that where the public worksordered by the goveta ment shall be of a nature to require public money for their execution, a credits for the purpose must be voted:by the legislative body before die works are actually commeaeed. For. this the very good reason is given that this legieletive vote would not be suffi ciently independent, if it. were mil% called for after the expense of the workn.had been Incurred. This being Christmas Day, the.Sourse is dosed. Focethe first time since. 1832 a midnight mess will be performed in all the churches. The Aided of Pape has ordered that the malted bells usually given at this time of the yeas on a Saturday by various theatres and public establishments shall. on this °mein, be postponed till Monday is Tuesday next. Mast of the. shops remain opus` but the boulevards have been crowded all day with holiday makers,. p_urchasieg arouses at the temporary bemoan. The weather is wsederfully mild, and has been foe throughout the datr, with the exception of a few soft springlike Amen. A Corsican journal states, ma the authority of letters from Pais, written, it sae, by well-informed per sons, that the Itinperet intends to visit Corsica in U course of 1863. Captain Reason, aide-deeatep to General Polio bier, who was sent. to Paris by Omani Raudon with the trophies of the victory reeorded in "the first par of the military history of Napoleon III.," has arrived in Pans, and has had aedienoe of the Emperor at Compiegne to present the four flags taken at Laghouat. His Majesty complimented Captain Benson on his gallant conduct in Algeria; and, as a recompense, conferred on him the grade of chef d'eseadron of the staff. Two Spahie who accom panied Captain Reason, and whose good conduct was specially mentioned in the despatches, received the military medal. The Emperor has not returned from Compiegne, and it is now stated that he may perhaps remain thy, till Monday. M. Duchesne, formerly responsible editor of the Pessple, who in eleven different prosecutions had been condemned altogether to 30 years' imprison- meat and 80,000 f. fine, has just been released from the prison at Belle-Lsle, in virtue of the late amnesty fur offences of the press. Preparations are making at the Luxembourg for the grand ball which the Senate is to give to the Emperor about the middle of next month. The Marquis de Portes, a member of the Senate, and formerly a peer of France, died suddenly of spools: on Wednesday last. Vision has the following remarks upon the operations of the Toulon experimental squadron : The Yediternama entwines Mimed le pates the 19th heat a maim, whisk Mimi rib he mar ft try a Realm of esperimente of the speed of the et*kie and Mesa impale. The kilrwlai w Meth, the mmegiande of whisk Is guo. maimed to se in a messes deem ellial :—The squadron was eseeptied of two mew line of has 'kip, the Nspo. lama, of le basso prow l a nd I" llto Chirdew= t of 450, and sin milks( dm SIM law net themaelvee ialmier laths Mk; woeupeelwewleo mill% slum They thou bops in ig with mart le of vie& The ma tw le 6 41-1061 a while s ga owing sae flap, and 4 10tha with two. Tim Napo lees me& 4 6.10 th haste with three line-of-bettle ships in few, the Veiny, Bayard, end J u pit er . With tho twe ball ask in tow, she made 11 5-10th knot.. The Mon tebello, timmedoeker, could sot take part fa the trials; her naealaq Ile weakest of the mixed ships, had not been sat Isiellllypeweed. This immense vowel scarcely made four IMO With half the force of her steam employed, and It was limiebt that, with the whole of it, she might attain six Mob. Tale is doubtless very tittles@ tempered with the Na. I pews, but it must only be attributed to the weakness of this outshine. In an expedition which requires celerity this 10000•11111i0DCII inlets be obviated by towing, and by this it may be man what essential lIMII6OBI might be per. formed by powerful vessels such as the Charlemagne and the Napoleon. At any time, when it might be required o transport troops on any point, powerful vessels like thaw above-mentioned would he able to make bead egainst the mat ^chalet, r. Whate• r may be the future ltvlittcai -i.uatui, oft .e country, :be .'.ors military results may be and to be act; sire.l. It is cry to see the inhume ' winch they mast ever, kw en the iesue of naval wen—for from the moment wh in ramie, of troops an be transported with that facility naval victim lose much of their value: I Willa evolutions L/01 Ll^ leapt the same shams of stop- Tile Chamber of Representatives has adc,nted the budget of public works, and the law anthinislos the annual levy of 10,000 men for the army. A mo tion in the Chamber, to the effect that the working of the railroads of the state should be farmed eat to companies, having been rejected by the central sec tion, another has just been made, calling for an in quiry into the results of the management of the state, which, it is contended, arc very unsatisfactory. This proposition has received the sanction of the central section. The chamber stands adjourned to the 18th of January. - . ... . . _ THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 27, 1852. , . ) „..,- 1 ''- - • . lad . 'l l _nl tire • without r o t s ' es santirms4 the Mir eponomnonlini ups the aimed t o m eh pug as seam and the advastap returns to the side of 14 5: Int *ltalia& That station which can land the a • 71:1 i bod y t t o p e t road that the goverment, or weeseary or &Ural& for the deity I th• Tr:" • :''' execdti k er t to *Oman of the la**. Of these changes the moot imporfnt E-- - .it ....... that ascend.ad which it no it a p e ft,:eseet whim national quarrels were only settled La b - infoy is • judVdlrlrennal *tercet in the eyes "(Frenchmen is the ankle empowering b e m t;,. 4 . o - A uk -. li . bid been predicted that steam would im a ji67o oo .4 4 pialf, milt of xis" must the Emierce to make definitive treatise of commerce rave , p ro d.,. a mrp i,"=• In dm navy ; that revolution is now ith fulfil re-' n ee tiily be ezelusive, cal tit the 'tenrive- without the unction of the legislative body. .The' • . pa l pa bl e ;h i s me , to be accomplished by the mere force of bly excessive lion of the people's representative of any Tyke i.Z.rstitation of January, 1852, enabled the President circumstances. ,--- a tempera/7 in the eathonsetion of railwaya had _other public of the Republic to make these treaties. The sno - - Our usual French eiTteas had not arrived up to on the Conti- works is justified by the observatioe that rapidity narchy of the restoration as well as the constitutional th e hour of publication. ad despotista and simplicity of action are indispensable in a great government of Louiq Philippe had the same power. •-- 1 import that country, that the interference of parliament is such But it was admitted by Charles X. so long ago as BELGIUM. popular faith, matters wu never thought of till alter 1830. when 1828 that the towerexereiud by the vzyrutive. in the FRANCE. PARIS, FRIDAY Ernesto. The important quad= of the snceession is solved in the meow =pelted. The e:-King of Wortent tem how Beaapeate. is new heir presumptive to thelemperial those et Fosse. In the by no means improbable ewe a the proud Emperor dying with out divest heirs, the preemiaent established by the tme . lNett in the name of the safety of society will— I eel to do life of one whose days are sAidleito the shorted span "—fall into the halide of a member of fist party Eros whose machination• sasisly was alleged to be saved, Jerome'. son, Nap Men the Third's ensin, the red republican pro egh rispshas Bonaparte. It is remarkable t bat the 'Maid pro.salgation of this arranger oant to whisk, it is understood, such profounf , ob kudos ware entertained and expressed b y the senate, &odd have been deferred till thematic 4t after the reluctaat consent of that body to all the p reposed modifications of the Coestitntion. The foll, ,win u the text ti the deems, dated before the Em perw l,ft the Tailavies foe Coodslua, bat wily pc . slished in this morning% Mendleer r Bye NagalTZlllz the of God and the y "ti mi d will. 111 law Sie To all puma sad to tome, tr!weisjt• Whe woe, Article 4 sit the ilbstakse awaits/no, of rims. ratifb . 4 h y the p ie- Meeks M dr net sad Sled of the same w „ th, eteee Z eg to whisk iSapysessim sous to resales, as organic decree addressed le this isaalles the Moe succession to the throws ia des isewseM family, to, ease • „ should pet teen any direct Wei (Titivate or thaci 4; whilst hoping that we shell be permitted to moo th • wishes of the eeeh. try, led to alattest, soder Dials' y ,„„ ell „ , abet .. whoa will eliete me iSSTO diesist h e i rs; wi n, howeeet fib* eeeee•i_ by the grace of God Ina the witiegai wins MM. I. mesas through default of • sossms isslssals4 by Mt Demo as labors :7 .0 Ass.l. la SOO of eat leaf iag se direst heir, legitimate " Out lool44toloved noels Jerome Napoleon Bonaparte, sad Ws illesseedeess. Saw and legitimate, the wise of his marriage with as trio eme Cottle/Ise or Wattsusbers, 'Si. mils triad% by or Jer of primogeoitaro, to the par getaal easkelan el dlit ' lestiolos, ars oppolatod to seeceed us. Art. 1. Tbe rev est deem invested with the nal of Ibo Mate, bolimmted to Ilia Senate by oar Minister of State Ss be novae* la its archives. " Gina stiles Palms of tbu Tallith's, this lath day of Dessmber, ISIS. "NAPOLEON. (Coantamignel) ACHILLM Pot; Le, Moister el State." The secret and protrncted debates of the Sonata were brought to a conclusion yesterday, and the Manifestr unnounces that the Seignua ConsuliOm prorate. by the government for interpreting and nontifying the constitution of January 14, 1852, has been paned by a majority of 64 votes against 7. Of the text of this Senatus Consultsern we have not even yet any official knowledge. The Monigewr merely publishes the proposition made by the government to the Senate in the sitting of the 6th Dee. list. The apologise for the various despotic provisions contained in It are framed Ia plausible languages ich us might have been expected from the well-known ingenuity of the three lawyers, MM. Baroelie, Rather, and Iklangle, to whom, to government nornianarioi the d'ity of preparing this artument against the few vestiges of representative institution to be found in the Constitution of January last was cenfiied. The right of the Emperor to make &dn. GERMANY. The Prussian Chamber adjourned on the 21st inst. to January 6, 1853. Max Ferdinand, brother of the Emperor of Austria, has been made proprietor of the 3rd Prussian Dragoon regiment, and has received ths Order of the Black Bogle. General Griinne, adjutant of the Emperor, has received the Red Eagle set in brilliants. A Leipsie paper, the Ileutsche Allye tneine Zeilung, states that M. Manteutfel has written to the Prussian ministers at German courts, inform- ing them that the recent visit of the Emperor al Austria was entirely unconnected with politics; but letters from Vienna of the2Oth'statethaton the very day that the Emperor left his capital, a ministerial council was held, at which the Zollverein question was the I special object of deliberation. The Emperor received oti that occasion two reports; one from Count Buol, ea tho present state of the customs question ; the other from M. Baumgartner, Munster of Commerce, on the progress of the customs conferences held at Vienna. Count Charles von Kattacb, brother of the Princess von Liegnits, who is widow of Frederic William 111., has abjured catholicism, and been receiv e d i n t o th e evangelical church. A letter from Dalmatia states that the Austrian government is expending immense sums oa the de fence of the Dalmatian coast at Lars, Lesira, and, most of all, at Cattaro. ITALY. PIEDMONT. In its sitting of the 20th, the senate of Twin com menced the discussion of the articles of the Civil Marriage BilL Marshal La Tow reminded the senate that it owed some respect to the declarations of the Piedmontese bishops against the bill, and te the letter adereased by Pius IX. to King Victor Emmanuel. The Minister of Justice opposed this, declaring that the acts alluded to were arbitrary and deserving of no consideration, adding that the publication of the Pope's private letter was a most inexcusable abase. The Chamber then praseeded to vete. T. Art. Ist, which declares " that the civil law considers matrimony solely in its relations with civil society, leaving the duties imposed by reli gion, out of tie question," M. Roberto d'Aze gilt, had moved the following amendment :—" For thameitizens who poetess the religion of the State, the matrimonial cornmet shall not produce civil, effects unless after the religious oevinnony." This , ameadment, which would rat once have done away with the principle of the bill, was rejected. The original article was afterwards put Lathe vote, and rejected by 39 votes to. 38. This vote, which vir tually rejects the whole bill, causeth considerable astonishment, and wow rewired with profiled silence, and the sittiag was adintiraed. In Wesitting of the 20th the Chamber of Deputies at Twin adopted the bill for the provisional execu tion the budget of tsca, by 99 votes to 2il. Immediately after the audience in which M. His dm Bensinal presented his new letters of credence to the Lap of Sardinia, his Majesty honoured the first secretary of the French legation, Court de Com. Imingss Guiana, with. the decoration of Knight Commander of the Order of Pt. Mauriceand Lazarus. It may be remembered that M. His de &genre' wu decorated brit yam with the Grand Cross of that order. A solemn mar was mleleated at Genoa on the 20th, in the•oharal of fik. 'Donato, foe tie political prisoners lately executed at Mantua. The church was very fully attended on the occasion. The Risorvinsinsio of Turin states that a pastoraL hitter of ➢consignor Freewill, the exiled Archbishop a/Turin, sgairet the law of marriage, was read in all the churches of lis diocese on the 19th. WANE, Deo. 20 At the Frensh ambassador's reception, on Tuesday evening, a atd portrait of Napoleon 111., in his Imperial robes, was insagarated in the second saloon, but it bas not as yet had the effect *I producing the otHeial escognition of the revived dynasty by the court of Rome. Always averse to. shange, the papal government, notwithstanding its anbouided obliga tions to France, will most likely be one of the last amidst the European powers to acknowledge the new Sovereign. Personally, Pio Now is said not to have the slightest objection to give his sanction to the Imperial regime, and the question now at issue is whether his own propensities, and French influence, will be sufficient to overcome the opposition raised by Austria, and the majority of the cardinals, to the journey of His Holiness to France. If he really does gratify the new Emperor in this particular, he will endeavour to combine a religious object with the political one, by crowning the image of a Ma dams, in the hurch of Notre Dame de Paris, as well as crowning Napoleon 111. By an ancient bequest to the chapter of St. Peter's the canons are obliged to furnish a gold crown every three years wherewith to adorn some statue or picture of the Holy Virgin. This epoch is now recurring, and the jeweller charged with constructing the crown has received orders to hasten his operations as much as possible, since the Pope will certainly take it with him it he decides to visit France. Soma of the members of the Bonaparte family resident in this city have already received solid pe cuniary tokens of the advantages to be derived from imperial kindred ; but they do not all seem to be persuaded that it will last very long. The truly dignified observations of the Princess Canino to her family, when General Oemeau offered to place a mid of honour at the gate of her pa lace , are worthy of being recorded. " Yo u a re now , " said she to her sons, " relations of a reigning Emperor, as I have already been once before, but I entreat you not to be in any way unduly elated by the acquuntion of such rank, and rather to make use of it in benefiting others than in adding to our own ex t erna l p omp . This sensible address produced the desired effect in the family coancil,and it was unanimously decided to decline General Gemeauh proffered grenadiers. The imprisonments to which I have already alluded, as having taken place on account of the placards and pasquinade' indulged in by the Romans at the ex pense of ths new Emperor, have been continued dur ing the week with unremitting rigour, the arrests being effected by mixed patrols of Roman and French gendarmes. Some individuals have also been interrogated on suspicion of having perpetrated this grave Wanes, hut as it is not always easy to prove the origin of a bon mot, or the parentage of a pun, they have been reminded until more evidence be obtained, or more mercy enter the hearts of the French authorities. Edward Murray has been safely transported to the end of his journey, and is now lodged in the s t a t e prison of Palliano. Exertions are still being made in his behalf, and it is inferred, in spite of the pre sent unyielding spirit of the government, that a diminution in the term of his penalty will shortly be achieved. Captain Edmund Vyner, a Queen'. messenger, arrived here with d es p a t c h es on t h e 15t h , and left again on the 17th. The French have received a small reinforeentent. The steam frigate Sane,Captain Rosemelle, arrived at Chita Vecchia on tke 17th inst. with 237 dragoons and chasseurs and 104 horses. The Austrians in the legations are about to take a most singular step to ensure themselves from the event of any unexpectedly successful rising of the people they arc called upon to protest, by dcAroying i all the fowling pieces and muskets deposited, to the number of t 30,000, in the Citadel of Ancona, amord ing to the requisitions of the legye stoNria. wholesale destruction of private property, the contis. cation of which is usually considered to be only t en , • porary, whilst the state of the country is unsetticd, committed on the plea that they are islueless and dangerous weapons . , being a tacit con f ess i on ilia., whilst foreign garrisons occupy th e country, the 1 ;4 ; can never be safely returned to their owners, ns t even preserved in the fortress of a citadel. SWEDEN. A letter from Stoskholm of Deceinher I says . "To-day at noon, the l'rincess Royal was safely de. ;2vered of a prince. Salvoes of artillery annotinod t u b happy event, and a Te 'hum, at which the two Queen: and the royal family were present, wa,; im mediatel ) * celebrated in the chapel of the palate. The vern m ent received this m o r n i ng , f rom the King's go Minisor at Paris, the notification of the se. cession of the Emperor of the French to the throne, which intelligence has not yet reached the Minister of France. Fresh tenors of credence are to he ina. mediately addressed to Count de Lowenheim." TURKEY. A letter from Constantinople of the 11th nays :-. A commercial deputation has waited on the Minkter of Foreign Affairs upon the subject of the hank reso. lution, and has received a somewhat assuring, but, at the same time, evasive reply. The panic at the Bourse increases. In order to offend the government the bank has flied the discounting of paper at 3 per cent.; yet, in commerce a florin is reckoned at Mos, and a franc at 17$ eras;p London with 1161 to I ts, and, indeed, yesterday, nt 120 piastres, half in pap a half in silver, by the Bourse tariff. It is stated that Prince Callimaki intends to divest himself of Ins character as a subject of the Porte. At the latest dates from Jerusalem affairs had taken a turn in favour of the Greeks, that is in favour of Itusaia and against Franco. THE UNITED STATES. ARRIVAL OF THE EUROPA. LIVERPOOL, SUNDAY. MllloNlolfT The Europe, which sailed from New York on the 15th inst., arrived in the Mersey at a very late hour. She brought 66 passengers. Storks, at the ' , ailing of the packet, had esperieoced a fall of per cent. This arrival brings in specie, 274,000 dole. Western Canal Flour was sold at 8 dole. 50 c. to S dole. 62 c. per barrel. Freights remained unchanged at the steamer's departure. To Liverpool the freight of flour was 3s. 9d. per barrel. b reight of cotton to Liverpool, 5-16 to per lb. Culifornia new, had arrived to November 16. In Mexico, as had been previously anticipated, revolution was life. Tampico was in possession of the insurgents. Tw•o battles had been fought, both of then io favour of the iesur• gents. In the American Cangress noshing of kn• portance. ARRIVAL OF THE BALTIC. We annenneod on Saturday the arri - ral of the Baltic at Liverpool. The chief item of information in the papers since brought to hand is foarteen days leaf intelli gence from California, by the Philadelphia steamer, arrived at New Orleans from Aspinwall on the Bth instant. She brings the California mails and an Francisco dates to the leth of November, and 200 passer.gers. The Philadelphia sailed in company with the steam-ship Illinois for New York, which vessel has two and a quarter millions of gold dust on freigUt, and 200 passeegers. The news is important. The city of Sacramento has been almost entirely destroyed by fire. Nearly every house was burned, and many lives were lost. De. stractive fires have also occurred in San Francisco nod Marysville. The fire in %memento city broke out on y -stmt. end spread over Third, lt, L, and M-streets, laying completely bare the whole space between N.street on the south and I-street north, and all between Front and Tenth-streets, comprising no less than forty !docks, and leaving nine-tenths of the population of the city houselesa. The loss is estimated at 10,000,000 dollars. The Democratic State Journal office was destroyed; also the State Hospital, the patients in which suffered dreadfully. During the nine days which elapsed since the occurrence of the fire and ;the departure of the steamer, ttslo buildings had been Leestored. The San Francisco fire broke out on the 10th November, on the corner of Merchant and Bears,. e. ;streets, spreading down on the south side I Kearney to Clay-street, and on both sides of M.r. chant-street. Thirty buildings were destroyed. Loss estimated at 150,000 dollars. The Marysville fire occurred on the 7th Norm. ber, and commenced on First-street, destroying ever! building on the north side, mud of Maiden-lane, al d soon swept off every building between Maiden -Lire and C-shreet, and First and Second -streets, incluchn? the American Hotel, Atlantic Hotel, Laree Hou.4, Marysville Hotel, the New World, several hrtry stables, breweries, storm, &c. The State election resulted as follows :—Senate,ii democrats and 7 whip; House, 41 democrats sod 19 whip ; with three districts to hear from. The state has gone for Pierce and King, by abos: 13,000 majority. The steam propeller Cite of Pittsburg was burred at Valparaiso on the 20 th of October. She vu owned by the Philadelphia and Liverpool Steamship Company, and is believed to be fully insured. She was valued at 123,000 doll. The clipper 814 Sovereign of the Seas, Captain M'Kay, from New York, Aug. 4, had arrived out it San Francisco. The Senate, in executive session, has confirmed. unanimously, the nomination of Edward Everett .0 secretary of state. The Supreme Court has decided to hear the arg•:. went in the Kane Extradition Case, on all the im• portant points made by the defence, on the trt: Monday of January next. From New Orleans we have intelligence o total destruction of the steamer Cleopatra by 6/t whilst on her passage down the Black River. She had a cargo of 900 bales of cotton. The Report of the Secretary of the Interior i. pub lished in the Nationn( Intelligeneer of the loth ice. It is a long document, and much of its contents her been anticipated by the publication in erten*, of the reports of the Land, Pension, Census, and Indic Humane, which are all under the charge of the Secretary of the Interior. The transactions in the Bureaux mentioned occupy a large portion of the report. The secretary estimates the expenses of the department for 1854 at 44/21,025.71 dole., bring lea by 774,302.33 dole. than the estimates for l e.)3. The Patent ()Mee contained in January, th3it, Doe models ; at the close of the present year it will COn• tale about 23,000. In view of this enormous ssi progressive increase the preparation of an a' antir . :. and descriptive index is recommended , which WO l4 obviate the necessity of preserving very of the models, while inventors at remote 1 1 (''" would derive great advantage by consulting Na 'an indan. The report of Mr. Stansbury - a rbt London Industrial Exhibition of 1831 is promised a few weeks. The latest advice. from the Mexico Boundary Commission state that the serves of the River Csla, from its continence with the tohrs4•3 Rival 1D the point where it strikes the wester: boundary of Mexico, had been completed. Me' has also been made with the survey of ;he ro g 73 3 a nnde. The secretary corrects an error which sesidentally occurred in his last report, in regard° a point of latitude. The proriso under w hiclit? compensation of the surveying party was withhe , l l dwelt upon at length, and, the reasons for the sera of the department given. The repeal or theprorie is naked for, and the distressed condition ~ftle ofilecre and employes of the party now is IS wilderness, urged us demanding immediate artion• The extension of the capitol is reported as rt . ceeding as rapidly as is consistent with the Ml° execution of the work, and tie new library wee! ! mentioned as nearly completid. The ca...t iron ` lin the room was executed by Beebe and Co., of NO' I York, and is highly coalrueuded. The iron / 12. ‘ consists of 10,0t 1 0 separate pieces, and weigh , 07 400 tons. The Secretary strongly urges the proP r ": 1 1 of the appropriation o f a sum su ffi cie nt to met furnish suitable houses for the Vice-President so the members of the cabinet • and justly States °