The Express. — London, England, 1848-10-19 00:00:00

fatal mischief the state, instead of checking, has of 'ate years done all in its power to aggravate. We bays seen how parliament burked the gauge commis dopers' report--we have noticed how the railway semomiseon, appointed with the sanction of paella meat, ha increased the confusion arising from the riveiry of the systems. Over a vast surer^. of raffle iy property, this unstatesmanlike conduct bee eat a blight which can never be wholly extir pated, elide the communications of the country have at the :..ate time been permanently deranged. WM.. these several causes were promoting schemes upon 5.... mu, for various lin es that were either super ' thou, er mature, or ill-coneidered—and thia, too, throttle. in expense of parliameetary struggles, cost jai/ creel onus sums—the legislature was busy in taking na Ivantage of the excitement in another way, whim now telling heavily on the outcome and in come of neilway undertakings. The cry arose for re duced L 1,6 and cheap fares, and every company, new or that came to parliament, bud to submit, u the vrice of its sanction, to see its rates cut e1...a to a maximum below the level of profitat working in many , instances. Not only were r,v conditions imposed on behalf of the public ...ice, but the general business of the lines wee Lb . subjected to terms that expensive under taking- and of this expense our legislature has directl! • rested a large portion—could not safely bear. t as we said at the time, was a very short sighted 'hey ; and the result is now beginning to make tee. character apparent. Thee.. ausea, for awhile indeed, were not seen to act upon rse -ray revenues, or on the pockets of three who hal subscribed, whether for shares in new lines, or for it. teased capital for additions to be mode to old on While the works were going on, shares at big. premiums, and money could e asily be got he calk, the practical effect on profit able i: me and on the value of the pro perty e for a time in suspense. Seine of the weber raw it coining ; but in general the impres sion was hat all would go on as heretofore. Bet the time dial . nos in 1846 when the real issue could no longer be avoided; and, most unfortunately, this period seas also ono of Extreme general distres', which ill its money hard to come by, and also dimi nished ~..dle all over the country. It was found, in the gnat companies especially, that of the new lines and be...cites opened, the profits fell much below what the case.. franks bad previously realised, while the new tends had begun to bleed the profits on the latter a: Jo Every thing thus worked together to bring dewn the standard of income. It became clear that wit immured mileage, whi e working expenses incresste, the sane of profits, in many cases the gross earnings, even, did not kc.p up to the former stand ard; so tnat there was lees net returns available to meet the demands for dividend on a largely increased espitaL 'lbis naturally threw a damp on the pros pets of eves yet to be n;ade, and besides this, the means en paying calls on those to which the pramoters bad eagerly pledged themselves, were severely nar rowed et no moment when the result of what had already . ..en expended was reen to be anything but satisfactory. 'flies, when the difficulty of going on would 1 Ave been felt, even with a coefident hope of ultimate realising a sufficient profit thereby, it came to be reel, also that the result of the process, if judged by past . eeerience, would of itself be far from invi ting. I re, then, lie the real causes which have re duced th value of railway property, and their action has bee, mereasel by the material circumstance that tic der have cot been so ready to observe their appresat a..tor so resolute in facia.; the growing diffi culties oi the case, as prudence would have demanded. What tiny have been pressing bad indeed been applaud. o and desired by their proprietors in other timer, 1. this circumstance will not quite justify their wis urn in acting on this sanction under altered eircumataimes to the extent that they have done. 'I my appear to have expected too much from a ge sers mprovement in the state of affairs which has not *ekes place, and also to have been rather too eselusise le attached to the prosecution cf what it met thee. such hard struggles to obtain. A little foresight, we think, would have made them pause at an earlier period, before actual necessity compelled the susise,sion of pogrom that mu,t, take place now. • We bare thus set down the chief of those compli cated sge mice which affect the present condition of railway ..tfairs. Theis being teen, it must be our next at.. utpt to ascertain how far they have seriously Injured property, and what may be most usefully applied to reme dy or moderate weir effects, se as to testate it to its just value and credit. GERMANY. RETREAT OF JELLACHICII AND AUERSPERG FROM VIENNA. Jellachich and his Croats have retired from the Wiener 11. rg towards Styria, and Ancreperg has aban don, d hi- position on the Belvidere and the Schwart =berg Garden. Thu, former had reached Neueadt. The latter has gene to Enzersiorf. Thus a complete separation is made between the Austrian force and the !to ps of Jellachich. This news, which we an nounced in a lato edition last evening, comes con fit no d trum Vienna under date the 13th inst. It app.ars that the Ban's position is one of immi nent dat.ger, particularly , after the calling out and organiss , ion of the landsturm. Up to 2 p.m. on the 12.11, there was every appearance of a contest. The advanced poets of the Croatian army had com menced a partial attack on the national guards near the gate of the so-called Landstrasse ; a few shots were exchanged, and then the assailants withdrew. Memitime all the popular force had received the alvm and soon appeared under arms. The text in telligence was that the troops of Jellachich had left the Wiener pug and proceeded towards Neustndt, The Hangman army was at Briialt. awaiting the in vitation of the Diet to advance to the city. In the afternom of the 12'h that body held a secret sitting. It is thought that the question of requesting the Hun garians to enter Vienna MU discussed therein. According to all &receipts, the violent death of the Minister of War had infuriated t`le forces under Auer arra, so much that they were greatly dissatisfied with his inactivity. On the other hand, Prince Felix Schwanceberg (whom rumour names u his succes sor) is very popular with them. During the sitting on the 11th the Diet received a telegraplec message front Bruno from its commis skater, Herr Lohner, to the effict ;bat ho had cot yet encountered his imperial majesty, and that he should proceed in search of him. It appears that Herr Hornboioel, had offered his resignation to the Empe ror, because the latter had declined issuing en ordon nanee placing the 8212 of Croatia under the command of the Austrian Diet. The 13, eslauer Zritung of the 13th contains a glow ing announcement of the commencement of hostilities at Vienna ; but, u above mentioned, there was only a b. iet encouter between a portion of the advanced Fats of the Croatians and the national guards. Two of the lam.r wire killed. During the sitting of the Diet on the 12th a note was received from Auersperg announcing that he had withdrawn from the vicinity of the capital. He gave it to be understood that that step was not necessi tated by the difficulty he experienced in getting pro visions. lie had, on the previous day, demanded the disarming of the " Proletariat," a demand with which the Diet peremptorily refused to comply. The fa vourable positions abandoned by Auersperg's troops were immediately occupied by the national guard. Daring the day it was resolved by the committee of safety to propose to the Diet the arming of all persona of the male sex capable of bearing weapons. On the 12th, at noon, the Emperor was expected at Selo wits, whither the deputation from the Diet pro ceeded. Dobblbot Faa resigned on the plea of ill health, and also because, as he states, the policy of the ministry in the course of formation will be different from that of the cabinet to which he belonged. The latter rea son is not exactly a dins one. Some frightfully mutilated bodies were found is the deserted camp of Anersperg. One of them was convey. d by the people to the front of the Parilament house, from which several of the members came out in erdir to look urn the melancholy spectacle. Amongst them was Schuselks, who, after gazing with emotion on the disfigured corpse, exclaimed, "Swear, brothers, that you will not abandon one iota of free dom or of popular rights, even if all of us must suffer this death." With uplifted hands the assembled crowds took the oath as administered by the popular orator. In opposition to the contemplated Slavonic con gress in Moravia, the Austrian Wet has resolved to convoke one in Vienna of the Hungarian races. The following address has been sent by the Hungarian Diet to the Austrian one: The Hungarian natios declares before God and the world that it will reepeet the liberty of Austria equally with its owe liberty, and that it will ever consider it to be one of its holiest duties to powerfully mist, in conformity with the wishes of the Austrian nation, in maintaining that liberty. Hungary rejects all negotiations with the caniarilla and its perjured hirelings (eide bruchiges sokinern). The Hunga rian nation begs of the noble representatives of Austria to take energetic steps against those parties ; sad, in like man ner, as we denounce as a traitor every Hungarian who raises Ms unhallowed hand against the freedom of Austria, to de class • traitor to his country every subject of the Austrian inonnechy who shall give the least suppert to the rebel del lachielt—that perjured instrument of the camellia for the depression of the liberty of Austria and Hungary. The address states in conclusion that the Hungarian troops will return to Teeth, if the representatives of Austria send word that the enemy has been defeated by the Austrians alone, and that the co-operation of the Hungarian army is not required. The following summary of the important proceed ings in the Austrian Diet, during the 11th and 12th, will be found of interest: In the sitting of the 11th, Schuselka rose, after a preliminary debate, and said :—Vienna has had the pleasure of receiving, during the night, 3110 well armed national guards from Braun. Telegraphic messages were sent to Gratz to request the assist ance of the guards there, in consequence of the fatigue of those of Vienna. This was immediately promised. A despatch has arrived from Lehner, say ing that he had not yet met with the emperor, that he was et Brun, and was proceeding . further to seek him. From Hornboetel we have received intelligence that he has sent his resignation to the emperor. Ile had begged of his Majesty to place the Ban Jells chich under the orders of the Austrian ministry. This he had not done, and therefore he, liornbostel, must resign. A letter to the minister Krauez states, however, that the Emperor has not accepted the resignation. The committee of safety now proposes that a deputation of one member from each of the provinces should be sent to the Emperor, fur the purpose of placing before him in all honour and candour the present state of the city and the mo narchy. This deputation to consist of Borkowski (Oallicia), Skoda (Bohemia), Weiss (Moravia), Purtscher (Lower Austria), Peitler (Upper Austria), Thief. Id (Styria), Klementi (Tyrol), l'iladoniess (Kiistenland), Kautachitach (Myna), and Hadmilli (Dalmatia). This proposal is ad mad, with this amendment, that the deputation be named by election. Schuette then proceeded. In order to give unity and stroogth to the regulations for the protection of the city, the committee has decided to give the commandant a council of war. The sol diers in the city will be placed in barracks and under rigid command. This member then proceeded to de scribe the scenes which had taken place in the town, how Borrosch had done all in his power to prevent the death of Count Latour, and after some conversa tion on this subject, the election for the deputation above-mentioned took place, when were chosen, with little e xception, the members whose names are already given. The changes are—Feisak for Moravia, Schmidt fee Lower Austria, and Dolsheira for Elyria. Borsch was commissioned to write the address to be carried by the deputation to the Emperor. The sitting was then adjourned and resumed in the evening. Bor. roach read the address,which stated that the Diet desired to support the throne of freedom. A warning is given against delay on his part. Ile is begged to give heed, as he did at Innspruek. It must not be said that his Majesty had sacrificed a thousand innocent for the life of one, and torn the monarchy asunder by causing a civil war, by which blood would How in streams. The Diet would, like Curtin, cast itself into the abyss in order to avert such an evil. Should the sacrifice take place, their remembrance would indelibly live, and remain an accusation against those who had been guilty of it by their evil counsels. A san guinary mi litary rule could last bat a short time : it would be inglorious, and sow the seeds of incalculable evil. The address was adopted after some discussion. A member sliced the minister Kraus whether a list of trusty men from whom the Emperor should choose his ministers had been made out e Krauss answered that there had been no liar mode oat, as the choice of these depended on the result of Hornboaters inter view with the Emperor. Umlauft, on the part of the committee. brought before the Diet a letter addressed to Count Auersperg, bringing to his notice the at tacks made by his soldiers on the life of several guards and on the property of the citizens generally, and making him responsible fur the consequences. The expimtion of the presidency taking pace on that day, Smulka was re-elected by acclamation, and the sitting was adjourned. In the sitting of the 12th Schuselka, as reporter of the Committee of Safety, rose and said: An import ant piece of intelligence I have to give is, that Com mandant Auesperg has abandoned hie strong posi tion. Last evening ho wrote a letter stating that a Hungarian army hed advanced, and that it was pos sible that here might be the field of battle of the Hangaro-Croatian question. From the situation of Vienna he could not join with the Ban ; and he now turned to the Diet and the ministry to obtain their in structione. Ile could not, however, re-enter the bar racks until the disarmament of the proletariat. An answer had already been given to him that the pro posed disarmament could not take place, and that the only means of arranging matters was the re tirement of the Ban. He (Auersperg), as chief in command, was anpeeme over the imperial troops in Austria, and as the Ban had said that his were imperial troops, he had thereby placed himself under the orders of the chief, and he (Auersperg) had given the strictest injunctions to the Ban to retire. Schuselka continued :—The commandant sent to-day a letter to the following effect : I receive every hour fresh proofs of the evil disposition of the Viennese population. The provisionment has been in terrupted. As 1 will make use of no force with respect to the city and authorities, I have abandoned my pontion. I propose to take cantonments with my troops by En:erode/4 and remove that far from the city, and I beg that necessa ries will be furnished for the troops. I have further to re quest that they may he allowed to have their effects which they left behind. I have left General Hattauscheck in his position is the Invsliienhaus, and I place him under the protection of the Diet.—(Signed) AtEasreao. Schuselka went on to say : The ex-Minister Horn boatel has left Hedersdorf for Vienne, with a letter from the Emperor. The Hungarian army is at Brock. In order that the organisation of the natienal gaud may be effected as soon as poesible, it is proposed that a law be passed ordering all persons capable of bearing arms to place themselves under the command of the chief of districts. This project was adopted. A despatch was then communicated slating that the deputation from the Diet had reached Bruen, that the Emperor was at Selowitch, and they were going to him there. A letter was then read from Dobblhof stating that his health was so impaired that be could no longer con duct public buttes ; and that, moreover, he was convinced that the new ministry would pursue a totally . opposite policy to his—which would be utterly at variance with his principles. On these grounds he had tendered his resignation to his Majesty. The sitting having been adjourned, was resumed in the evening. A project for openieg a credit with the bank for six millions is adopted. Schuselka stated that Lohner had obtained an audience the night pro visos from Archduke Charles. He has sent a re script of the Emperor with counter signature, which L dated Hereogenbarg. One party in Vienna is very severely spoken of in it, and the Emperor declares that he will choose another town than Vienna foe the deliberations of the Diet. The Emperor has er upted the resignation of Dobblhof and Bach. Nothing farther is known of Hornbostel. A letter from Pesth, dated Oct. 7, says: "General Massaro. has issued a proclamation to the army corps in South Hungary, informing them that perfect order prevails in Buda Perth ; that the Diet continues to sit in almost undiminished numbers ; that the interests of the beloved Emperor and King are represented by a committee of eight members, to the absence of a ministerial president; that it is unhappily true that Lieut. Field-Marshal Count Lemberg fell a victim to the popular fury, but that the people were urged to lit by the illusive promises and treacherous dealings which had been exercised nst them ; that he ex horts them not to be misled false reports, but to be i firm and faithful in the ence of their country. A proclamation has also been issued by Dionys Paz mundy, president of the Hungarian Diet, to the im perial troops, whom Jellachich is leading about without any authority or power, in a hostile manner through out Hungary. In this proclamation Parnundy quotes the words of their leader, " that he mast and would act against the will of the Emperor." He concludes his admirable address with these words: "It is still time for you to return to your duty, and save your leader from proceeding further in his ruin ous course, and save the ignom:nions and useless shedding of blood. Ye valiant Germans, go to Aus tria, sad place yourselves under the com mand; of the THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 19, 1848. legitimate Minister of War. And ye brave bor derers, submit to the law, return peaceably to your homes, sad enjoy those blessings which the law secures to as, and which equally, respecting the rights of Hungarians and Croatians, shall for ever unite you in the bonds of brotherhood." inhabitants regarding the oreeantions to be mid against the epidemic, which differ only from the directions of the Lon don Board of Health in aliening the moderate use of laxa tives in calm when there is any tendency to constipation." MIDDLESEX. REGISTRATION.—Yeaterday the lists for the parishes of Christchurch, Hackney, Shoreditch, Bothniall-green,liorton Fo!gate, and the old Artillery-ground, were revised by L. flhadirell, Esq. at the Green Man, Bethnal-green. Ne point of public interest arose, and the whole proceedings occupied little mon than en hour. The court sits to-day at White Conduit-house, Idinstoa. CITY IMPBOYEMENTS.—On Tuesday the commis sioners for carrying out the contemplated improvements within the City of London gave notice that on the 25th inst. they would commence the removal of tho houses on the east side of Cannon-street, next amp/ate-1A and Waibrook, for the formation of a new street from King William-street, London-hridge, to Queen-street, Southwark-bridge. The thoroughfare of Little Beil aley, Gracechurchatreet, is to be widened by pulling down the bootee on the north side. EMPLOYMENT OP THE FOOR —A meeting to desist some means of ameliorating the sufferings of the unemployad poor during the approaching minter, was held yesterday evening at the Western Insei tteion, B. B. Cabbell, Erg., in the chair. The lecture room was crowded. t he chairman, in opening the proceedings, ini.icated the course proposed to be taken. The number co men at present employed in cleansing the streets was about 500, while 10,000 would be absolutely necessary to have the work dune in anything like a proper manna. It was calculated that there were exult SO,OOO unemployed mechanics and 15,0,0 unemployed labourer, is London, and, it a menus of employing 10,000 of that large body could be found, a very great relief would be afforded both to the poverty and the rates of the metropolis. There were 2.50,000 houses in London, and a tax of Gil. on each helm would fully answer the purpose intended. the p:an had already been carried out on a small scale by the Philanthropic Asso ciation, and the object orate prctent meetiog was to bring the principle into general operation. At the conclusion of the chairman's address, a body of 40 men employed by the Philanthropic Association were introduced to the meeting, the chairman taking amnion to ()beery* that they were earning au independent livelihood, who would otherwise have been unwilling suppliants at the poor-house.—Mr. Cochrane moved the following resolution: It baying been demoratetted to thin meeting that aim, and the art of Its suppression, as well me t.ation gewerally. are &mewed I in proportion ea the pour are employed, this meeting u refolded= that it la the &outran duty, se it is the innry 4, of all parties to do ell In their power to find wrak for the labouring Weems more me. Burins the revere winter month*, when destitution is im fearfully increased throughout the country. Mr. °utter seconded the resolution.—Mr. Stalweod sug gested that the royal forests, if properly managed, might be made one poweriut means of employing and eupportirg the poor. If something were not done to save the poor from hooting death by starvation, they would soon adopt the Lyonnese motto, "Live 17 winking, or die by lighting."— Mr. I. George moved the second resolution. That this meeting is of opinion that a great number of the poor might be profitably employed by the different parishes in clewing, wlide-vieshlut . tril . f i zif, tho one holesome derellings wh'ett abound in the and thus preset the rereading of cholera, typhus and other d wawa ; that it is Important that parecitial re- WS," Amulet be kept in ovary world/owes, mulng tank the write, qoatifications, and °Lanett:4 of the unsegloyed in each die. Ural, In order that persons requiring the Harriers nt stub parties may be ennliled to secure them; awl further, that the system of street cleansing now and fir some time pant demon:dm:el by the National Philanthropic Asnotiotion, In the pat Won of St. Janet', St, Martin in-the-Yields, St. Anne's, Soho, offas an motile& opportunity for employing a large number of the able-bodied pour ; ohd that as at has been proved to thin meeting that 10.00gli11111 mull he the. employed throughout the =Stepan/1, with yAtit to the rate.payers, the com mittee of hounebuiders and rate-payers conveuing this meeting, post earnestly appeal to all dames for their co-operation and support, in order to scum the adventales referred to in thid sad the preceding results: ma _ . . FRANKFORT, OCT. 15. The events of Vienna sorely perplex all parties in Frankfort, if the extreme left be excepted, which of course tspouses evtry revolutionary excess. The Viennese movement hu a double character: it is German andult also patriotic and socialist. Hence our perplexity here in Frankfort. The Viennese ultra-liberals have beaten the pare Austrian party (the yellow and black), which made common cause with the Scla vonians in the Constituent Assembly of Vienna, and was hostile to the idea of German unity. The victors of Vienna are led, however, by ultra-democrats and by societies allied to those of Bann, which denounce Frankfort and its parliament. The Frankfort deputies si e their friends in Vienna led by chiefs who are the decided enemies of the German parliament. But, on the other hand, the Emperor and his last ministers are the foes of Germany and freedom ; they have given themselves up to the Sla vonian party and the narrow Austrian. If the liberals of Frankfort are thus perplexed, the right side of the German parliament are scsnely las so. Thay sup port the good yellow or pure Austrians, and dread to see them owe any triumph to Jellachich, which is tantamount to their absorption amongst the Sla vonians. . . . In this state of opinion, we are all awaiting the nest events with the greateet anxiety. The extreme left here is of course in ecstasies with the insurrec tion of Vienna, and has despatched two of its leading members to take the lead in its councils. These aro Itabert Blum and Troshel. You know Blum, member for Leipeig, powerful as a popular orator, but very shallow in political knowledge or views. He is a thorough demagogue, ready to take any tone to suit his auditory, without any scruple as to the meltes to be employed to attain any end, espe cially if that end be power. This he will probably seek at Vienna, after having missed it in neck fort. Troabil, his colleague, is president of the Democratic Society of Frankfort, which drills and enregiments the working classes, organises popular clubs, and which lately pronounced and bar ricaded in the streets of Frankfurt. The party now clamours far a new For Parliament in Berlin. 'f 'rebel has all the talents of Blum, with more tenni', dignity, and depth. If these two gentlemen get the mastery of affairs in Vienna, they will lead the Viennese further than they imagine, or than will prove either useful or agreeable. No one knows where this movemeut may extend to. An experiment of the kind is expected in Berlin, where if it should succeed, it will be difficult to keep Frankfort quiet. My own opinion is that Frankfort is the safest, and that it alone can save liberty and order. Frankfort has all along been successful in keeping down insurrection. Hecker was driven from the VOr-Parliament. The committee of fifty put down the revolt of the Black Forest. And the present parliament triumphed easily over the late &nettle. Vienna and Berlin have in the meantime been the victims of every attempt at insurrection. Present events prove their sufficiency as to Vienna, whera no resistance or precaution has ever been made. The weakness of government and authority has there fostered emen'e. At the case is much the same. ‘Vrangel made his soldiers sharpen their swords and charge their muskets. Bat Pfuel recoiled from the collision. And now indeed insurrection at Berlin is law; for the nationals have &eland, and not without somc appearance of fairness, that hi ;h treason cannot last in a couiary that has no constitution. They have acquitted perms on this ground. General 1 is this moment obliged to disband the royal guard. I cannot but think that there aro statesmen at Frankfort who would manage better, and who would keep down insurrection, without endangering liberty. I trust the honour is reserved for the parliament government and city. The Rev. Mr. Pawnsll seconded the resolution, which, with the others, wu carried.—After which thanks were voted to the chairman, and the meeting separated. ROYAL GENERAL DISPENSARY.—THE CHOLERA.— A meeting of governors of the above institution was held yesterday at the dispensary. Aldersprate.street, the object being to receive a report (min the medical °Moen relative to the steps neceesary to be taken for the relief of cholera patients, and to prevent the spreading of the diem*. The chair was taken by W. Atkinson, Req., and the secretary proceeded to read the report. This document, which was rather lengthy began by stating that the committee hai called the medical officers into council " for the purpose of considering what steps should be taken by toe dispensary for the alleviation of the sufferings of the poor under the visitation of the cholera." The medical efficcre recommended that relief should be dispensed at tell hours ' and without recommendation to all persons labouring uirler symptoms of disrrbwa, and that sufficient quantities lof the necessary remedies should always be kept in readiness. The medical stoners believe that the existing diepeaseries maz a b l o made the most I ffectual agents fur the prevention of cho and recommend that the institution should be at once place at the disposal) of the general hoard of health end the City commissioners of sowers. In the meanwhile they rea m -' mend that the sick he in all cases removed from the rooms occupied by the rut of the family, and that measures should therefore be taken to secure the use of sue room in any house where cholera may be present exclueir ly for cholera patients. None of the family to enter the room, except such as are necessary for attendance. Nurses to be procured for those who have no relations about them. This object might be effected by communications with the various boards of guardians. The medical officers recommend the supply of fresh clothing and the washing of soiled clothes, and strongly object to the washing of the soiled clothes of cholera patients along with those of the unaffected, end, therefore, recommend the open ing of washing•roorne with a plentiml supply of hot and coil water in various districts of the City. They recommend visitations and an active carrying out of the " Nuisance Act," and, finally, they urge the necessity of a plentiful purply of warm clothing and flannels, and of wine and brandy for medicinal purpoeee. The report, :which was moved by the Rey. Mr. Rogers and seconded by Mr. Saul, was unanimously Mooted by the meeting, and, thanks having been voted to the chairman, the proceedings terminated. MEDICAL RELIEF BOCIETT.—Last night the half yearly general court of the above charity, established to offend relief to the widows and orphans of medical men la London end its vicinity, was held at the Gray's-inn coffee house, Holborn, Martin Ware, Esq., vice.preiident, in the chair. from the statement for the last nix months, it ap peared that the receipts ausouutml to 4701., whilst near 7001. had been distributed among 45 applicants, namely, 33 widows end 12 orphans. There was en increase in the number of sufferers relieved during the past halt year, pi o pOr ionably to the advance in the income. The capital is upwards of 41.0001. the report was adopted, and, after the election of officers and the other routine business had been disposed of, the court adjourned. FREE BATHS AND WAS/MOUSES FOR THE Pam —The committee of the above excellent charity, situate in Glaashouseateset, East Smithfield, yesterday made their third annual report, which states that the establishment is highly valued by the poor, as proved by the ardour and anxiety with which its gratuitous benefits are sought, it having been found that amongst the numbers who continu ally flock to the establishment many have purposely journeyed the distance of five, six, and seven miles. During the past year the bathers were 33,655, and 31,843 poor women had washed and dried the clothes of themselves and families, and 12,610 had ironed. The institution has also gratuitously furnished many hundreds of the poor in the crowded and wretched localities in the neighbourhood of East Smithfield I with whitewashes, chlorid.., &c.. for the impose of cleansing and purifying their abodes, together with the loans of pails and brushes, which to • great extent had prevented the' spread of fever prevailing at diffe rent period.. The receipts of the year, 3671. 56. lld., have been considerably exceeded by the expenditure. It is to be hoped that an untitutien doing so much good, and in all probability preventing much danger to the community, will not be allowed to sink for want of support. INCREAbE OFATTORNETEL—In the ensuing Michael mu term no fewer than 200 patrons have given notice of their intention to apply to be admitted attorneys of the Court's of Queen's Deitch, Common Pleas, and Exchequer. Of these 188 have given the notices required by the regula lion. of the Incorporated Law Society, and 12 have been added to the lid pursuant to judges' order. The number of perilous admitted during the last Hilary, Easter, and Trinity Terms exceeded 600, thereby making, with those to he ad mitted next term, an increase of 700 attorneys during the present year. PATRONAGE IN "IRE NAVIN—We hive been re quested to insert the following letter to the editor of the Horning Chronicle: Sir,—An anonymous correspondent, under the signature of ' C.,' has addresred a letter to me in your paper ef the 3rd inst., wbieh I regret I have not been able more promptly to notice. It seems that at a public meeting held en this town of the members of the Finan- ci , l Reform Association, over which I presided as chairman, I have been understood to have stated that the ' son of Sir Robert Peel, a young man 23 years of age, hid been appointed to the command of one of the finest frigates in the service. I beg leave to remark that what I baleen I did say (and I am confirmed in the opinion by some of those who were present on the occasion) was, that Sir Robert Peers son had been appointed to the command of one of the finest snack in her Ma- jei7y's navy ' and a reference to the report of th e pro ceedings at the meeting contained in the Liverpool Mercury newspaper, published two days afterwards, shows that the word ' vessel,' and not' frigate,' was made use of by me. In alluding to the Daring, I did so with a reference to her tangoing qualities, her improved model, and compara tively recent construction ; and to that statement, made ad• yinedly, in illustration of my views and without any personal object, I adhere. Perhaps it may be considered that an ex pression of my sense of obligation is due to' C.' for the trouble he has taken to point out the distinction between a 12 gun brig and a frigate: ' Commander Wm. Peel, how ever, does command a little 12-gun brig, eallel the Daring (see Navy List), a vessel bearing about the same proportional resemblance to a fine frigate that Liverpool does to London, and therefore, as unlike it as possible.' Valuable as this information may be in the west-end, it is in my cam utterly superfluous, inas much as I have been a ship-owner for fifteen years, and em from experience conversant with all matters relating to shippinr. But the ' frigate' and the ' 12-gnu brig,' and the difference between the one and the other are altogether beside the question. My object was to expose the mischie vous operation edam power and exclusive patronage, show ing that promotion, unearned, is grented to the sons and connexions of one leas of society to the detriment and at the expese of all the others.—Roanursom GLADSTONI, London." Sets OF LORD LAKE'S EFFECTS.—Yesterday the penocal effects of the late Viscount L the, whose mune is signally undated ao.Comaaodu.ia Chid with wen of the Eh' court. WINDSOR, WEDNESDAY.—LorI J. Russell arrived at the Duds this afternoon on a visit to the Queen. Lord Z. Howard is also tape rted to day. The Earl of Listowel has succeeded Lord Elphin- Woos as lir Lord in Waiting to the Queen And Capt. the Hon. J. Denman, R.N. has succeeded Lient,Col. the Hoa. A. Hod as the Groom in Waiting to her Mak sty. The royal dinner party at the Castle, this evening, will include the Duchess of Kent, the Prince's of Iloberdotie Lsngenboorg, and the Princess Bliaa, Lo-d J. Russell, Lady A. M. Dawson, Baroness de Spetb, Lord E. Howard, and General and Lady Isabella Wemyea. The Duke and Duchess of Buceleuch arrived at the Priory, Stamm:ire, yesterday, on a viit to her Majesty the Queen Dowager. Their graces had the honour of dining with her i l a il r a t iesty. 7. Russell left his residence in Richmond park, yesterday afternoon, for Windsor Castle. Despatch(' were received yesterday at the Colonial office from the Governor of Canada, and also from the governon dike other North American C.,lenies. DEPARTt.IIE OP THE DANISII MINISTER. Her Majesty's steamer Lightning has been placed at the disposal of his Excelltney Count Iteventlow, who will proceed in her on Thursday mnraing to Copenhagen. We believe that this visit at the Danish minister has been rendered necessary by the negotiatioi s still pending for tho settlement of the scbleewig•Holstein question. THE CHOLERA. Tim MEraoroma.—Two cave only were reported yesterday to the General Board of Health. On Tuesday, another convict on board the Justitia, died—making nine deaths in all since the commencement of the disease. There were no deaths yesterday, but several fresh attacks ; and there is the utmost difficulty in persuading the men to pay any attention to the first attacks of the disease, many of them having been labouring tinder disinters for some days before seeking medical advice. Nothing has yet been done towards the removal of the convicts from the Jwititia. We have received the following details of the successful treatment de case of cholera from Mr. ]['Cann, of Paella. mencstroett—" The cue occurred inmy private practice, and was also visited by the medical commissioner of the Board of Health. Mr. John Cammack, aged 23, a student of King 's College, residing at 8. Surrey.street, Strand, of regular habit', and having all the necessary comforts of life around him, went to bed in perfect health on Wednesday night, the 11th inst., and slept until 6 o'clock next morning, when he was awakaned by a painful sensation of twisting and cramps in the stomach and bowels. These were Eton followed by se vere purging of a watery fluid. The cramps incensed, with great prostration, until 8 o'clock, when purging to a greater extent returned. The patient of his own accord called for hot brandy and water, and, as be felt intensely cold, he ordered that a fire should be lighted. Being the son of a medical man and conversant with medicine, he sent out for and had prepared, a chalk mixture with tincture of opium, of which he took two doses ; these, for a time, arrested the purging, but the extreme weakness continued with nausea. At seven o'clock the sun evening he was seised with a severe vomiting, and a burning pain and cramps in the stomach, and brought up a large quantity of fluid of a light mist:ly colour. The lady, in whose house be resides, be coming alarmed at the very marked change in his sp. pdranos sent for me. On my arrival, I found him suffer big the moat intense pain with choleric spasm, end his countenance, presenting that peculiar look which attends cholera; the pulse almost imperceptible at the wrist; the whole body icy cold. I harneuiattly administered the for. marls of pills, such as I stated in m evidence before rim sanitary commissioners, via., calome l, 5 grains; opium, 2 grains; and a draught, composed of tincture of opium, tinc ture of catechu, tincture of ginger, aromatic spirit of em. monis (of each 20 minims), tincture of capsicum, 10 minims, and peppermint water, 10 drachms. I then applied mustard poultices to his stomach and battles of hot water to his extremities, and ordered friction, with extra blankets. Twenty er thirty minutes having elapsed altar taking the pill and draught, reaction began to take place, and he described his sensation to be that of a general glow pervading the system. I repeated the draught twice in the court, of the night, *Ed saw him again early in the morning of Friday, when I found him much im proved, although his tongue wu furred, and other febrile symptoms were beginning to exhibit themselves. The usual remedies for consecutive fever were resorted to, and the pa tient, I em happy to say, is now out of danger, and I trust, in a few days, will be able to resume his studies. I may add, that on Sunday the 15th inst. I had a similar ease, and have adopted Sesame treatment with equal enacts." SUNDERLAND.—Another nee of cholera wag re ported on Tuesday to the Customs by the medical staff appointed to impure into the character and deaths on board of vessels in this port. The unfortunate victim was Mr. John Hawes, muter of the brig Ann, of Lynn, a collier, shipping coals for that place. He was attacked early yester day morning, and died about 9 o'clock last evening. Tho body was interred at midnight in Sunderland churchyard. The vessel is now undergoing fumigation,. the deceased's clothes and bedding having bean consumed. EDINBURGH.—Our correspondent writes as fol lows; " The cholera is still making but slow advance in Edinburgh. In Leith it has kakis out, an d w i t h some severity, but with nothing like the virulence that hes pre vailed on the continent. The mortality of Edinburgh In September last amounted to 372 ; in the pending months for 1845, 1816, and 1847 it wa• 294, 425, 50 . To day the College of Physicians ha. issued iastraedoaa to the but brilliant military operations in British India, were disposed of under the hammer of Messrs. Debenham and Starr. The chief attraction was a sideboard ornament of silver, weighing 864 minors, which was presented to General Lake by the officers who Reeved under his command during the war in India, in 1603, and which we have already adverted to: it was knocked down 2081. 161. An oval tea tray, of elaborate workmanship, weighing upwards of 234 ounces, was sold for 721. 6s. ; and an antique tea kettle, chased in landscapes, with sporting st.bjacts on a pierced stand, formed of wreaths of Cowers, birds, and masque centres, with lamp, weighing 6305. Bdwt., fetched 241. A caries' military trophy, in gong-metal, in the form of a fuls, wish appendage', which was presented to Gen. Lake, with the title of Prince of Delhi. by Shah Auluin, Bmpern of Delhi, was dispo est of for 121. Of the picture! Gainsbarough's portrait of George IV., then Prince of Wales, fetched the highest price, viz., 39guineas. Sir Godfrey Kneller's por trait of the first Lord Lakes mother realised no more than five guineas. The sale of the Min, court dresses, and uni forms concluded this curious auction. TIIE ALLEGED BREACR OF PROMISE CASE IS THE BLOOMSBURY COUNTY COUILT.—In Tuesday's impression we copied from the Sunday papers a report of a ease, said to byre occurred in the Bloomsbury County Court, headed— " Breech of Promise of Marriage—Elliot eadade."—lt tarns out that the report is a fabrication. RAILWAY TRANSIT FOR TUE MILLION.—The number rat pauengers who travelled by rail during the lest half-year, 26,330,492, comprehends a raiway ride for every woman, and child in England, Scotland, and Ire'and. It is colculated that within the next five years there will be upward' of 10,000 tri!es of railway open in Great Britain, which will rise tiermanent employment, at good wages. to upwards of 140,000 person., representing about 700,000 of the gross population, taking fly. to a family.—Brodford Observer,_ _ _ - TG6 NEW:IPAPER PREB9.—No clue of literature was undergoing a greater change during the middle put of the reign of Gomm ill. than the periodical press, which wu especially effecte t by the revolutions in political and moral feelings which characterised the age preceding, as well as that which (oilseed, the bursting cut of the Fenzel revo lution. The newspapers which bad varied but little in sp • pearance hem the begi nning of the century to the earlier part of George's reign, now appear with new tiffs!, and pre sent themselves in a much enlarged and altered form. From an estimate given in the European Magazine for October 1791, we learn that, while in 1724 only three daily, six weekly, and ten evening peen three times a week were published in England, in 1,92 there were published in Lcn don thirteen daily, twenty evening, and nine weekly papers, best lee seventy country papers, and fourt. en in Scotland. Among these we re.cognue the names of the principal daily pipers of the present day. The Morning Chronicle was established in the year 1770, the Morning Post in 1772, and the Morning Herald in 1780; and they were fo lowed by the Times in 1768. They began, in accordance with the depraved taste as well so manners of that age, with courting popularity by detailing largely the most indelicate private scandal, and wish coarse libels on public as well as private characters—things for which the Po.-t enjoyed a special celebrity. The Chronicle was from the &et the organ of the whip; the Post was at first a violent 2,rgia of toryism ; it subsequently became revolutionary in its prin ciples, and then returned to its original politics ; tho Herald also has not been uniform in politic from its commencement. Of seven new msgszines which were started from 1769 to 1771—the Town and Country Magazine, the Covent Garden Magazine, the Matrimonial Magazine, the Macaroni Ma gazine, the Sentimental Magazine, the Westminster Maga wic, and the Orford Magazine—two at least were ebeene publications ; and the feeling of the time allowed the dtles of the lit cations plat, s which illustrated them and of the articles they contained to be advertised mont , dy in the most respectable newspapers, in words which left no doubt of their character. The others gave insertion to a mass of scandal that ought to have been offensive to public morality. After a few year', society seems to have resented the outrage ; the newspapers became less ',Undone, and the offensive maga xines dissppear4.4l.—Wright's England under the House of Hanover. . _ IRE.—ADJOINING THE PRINCESS'S THEATRE.— Y,sterday afternoon a fire commenced in the upper &sor of a range of shops in the joint occupation of Mr. B 'one, cabi net maker ; Mr. Consuming, a ; Mr. Pope, a cabinet maker; Mr. Waterman, a builder; Mosses. Cottam and Hellen, the extensive ironfounders and engineers; and Megan. Hutchinson and Brown, coach painters and builders, No. 3, Winsley-street. The flames when first discovered, were raging furiously in Mr. Boone's workshops, and bet few minutes elapsed before the place was wrapped in fire, from whence the work of destruction extended to the pre mises occu..ied by Mr. Cummins and Mr. Pepe. The en gines from Wells-street, King.strest, and other brigade sta tions, promptly attended, an.; no time was lost in setting them to work; but the firemen, in spite of their utmost exertions, were unable to confine the flames to those portions of the premises just named, and in • very few minutes after wards a large store filled will ember, belonging to Mr. Water man also became ignited, as well as a range of workshops. Other engines of the County, London, and West of Eng land establishments, arrived in rapid suceemicn, but not withstanding this powerful force the flames continued to travel with equal violence, firing two of the houses in ' Castle-street hut, and ascended so high that the heat eau illy cracked same of the slates on the roof of the theatre. The firemen, by conveying the hoes up the staircases and mounting the roof of the theatre, at length got poneinion over the destructive element, but not until the workshops of Mr. Boone were totally destroyed, the contents consumed; the premises of Mr. Cummins and Mr. Pope were also burned down ; a spacious store house of Mr. Waterman as well u his workshops, were likewise destroyed. The Wat ling-street engine in proceeding to the fire, met with an aceldent, which was nearly attended with fatal cou.equencis to Mr. Superintendent Brentwood and numerous firemen. The driver in pulling the horses up opposite St. Clement's church, to avoid running into a cab, caused the horses to fall, and the engioe immediately overturned. Fortunately only one of the men was injured, and he not seriously. INQUEST, YESTERDAY.—A MAN KILLED BY A Henan.—DEATH Or RIB WIFII now Galan. By Mr. Bedford, at the Westminster Hospital, on the body of Wm. Lacher, aged 47, who was killed as follows: On Friday last he was cleaning a horse belonging to Mr. Connett, of Ro chester-row, when the animal kiekod him in a meet dreadful manner over the face, which rendered him quite insensible, and he was conveyed to the Westminster Hospital. He had every thing that was possible done for him, but the in flammation of the windpipe produced pneumonia, of which he died on Saturlay, but he had the larynx opened to pre vent suffocation on Wednesday. His wife suff-red 60 much from grief at his death that she herself expired on Monday. Verdict, " Accidental death ' statement. Some, to my knowledge, nave been educated and sup.sor.ed t)lety by his lordship ; while many and many a clergyman's widow could tell of the " barrel of meal wasting not," neither the "cruise of oil failing" through the timely, but unexpected and unsolicited assistance afforded by this "partial, non resident, pluralist" bishop. To. re is not a good work in progress bat his lordshirs's money, seal, and countenance are ready to encourage and carry it on. There is not a church to be erected, restored, or improved (how ever small is tie- or unimportant its position), but his lord ship is a ready and liberal subswiber to the required funds. \Vera it not time to shorten these observations, T. could give many more proofs that the charge of " want of consi deration" to his curates forms no part of the shunter of the Bishop of Llandaff; aed 1 will venture to assert that tray swan in this diocese (" Cierieus Llandaverais" excepted) would rejoice to corroborate my assertion. AN INCUMBENT IN TILE DIOCESE OF LLENDEPF. Oct. 16, 1848. ARCHDEACON SINCLAIR ON PARISH COLONISATION. THE BISHOP OF LLANDAFF. Sir,—l have just read in your paper of Saturday's date a letter, headed " Welsh Curates," and signed " Liandavensis." Os that letter I will make no observa tion further than that, if my conjectures as to the writer be correct, his " true and quite unvarnished account" would lose much of its piquancy, if fairly investigated. This, how ever, is a matter in which I am in nowise concerned, but I cannot, as one of the clergy t f the diocese, allow your observations respecting our excellent and much (-teemed prelate to pass unnoticed; observations which, were you but half as wall acquainted with him re nu lordship's c'ergy (and curates especially) arc, would never have found admittance into the oulumns of the Express. In your praiseworthy sal to redress the snoop of the .mpreseed, I cannot but think you have far once fallen into the error (uuintcntionally, I am sure) of epee:sing evil of dignities ;" and in this instance of one as little deseevieg such treatment a- any man living. In con sequence of the selfishness displayed by too many members of the Ecclesiastical Commission, in: so extravagantly appropriating its funds towards the erection of, or addition to, their palaces (and whose exposure, how ever painful to the true friends of the church, was nothing more than an act of strict justice to the community at large), a prejudice has been unhappily created in the minds of the public against the bishops set mane, but I feel very sure that your love of truth will induce you to do your utmost towards correcting the error; while at the same time I hope that a few plain facts will assist you in doing so—with regard to the Bishop of Llandaff at any rate. And by the way, speaking of the Ecclesiastical Commission, it may be as well to remind you that the Bishop of Llan.laff (though his lordship be one of its members) cannot be accused of the selfishness justly attributable to several other,. No one ever heard of one shilling of its funds being expended in the building of a palace in this diocese—though no diocese stands more in need of one. Durirg the 20 years his lordship has resided among us, it has been either in a residence rented by himself, or in one purchased out of his own private means. That he is a pluralist (being Bishop of Ltandaff sad Dean of St. Paul's) cannot be denied; but this is an evil (regretted by himself u much as by any cue) which, under present ar rangements, cannot be avoided—for what is really the state of the case ? The revenue of the see does not exceed the sum of 7001. or 8001. per annum ; and this added to that of the deanery does not equal the incomes enjoyed by most of our bishops, not one of whom works harder fur his income, or spends it more liberally, than does the Bishop of Llandaff. In this diocese there are unfortunately many pluralists, in consequence et the small value of the livings, many of which do not produce more than 301. or 401. a year; but to speak of the bishop as a sympathiser with "non-resident plural ists" is altogether a mistake; and with regard to the ques tion in point, I think it will be found that the incumbent referred to did not obtain his license of non.r, sidenee on the ground of holding other preferment. Na bishop has done more towards abolishing this evil, while at the same time no one has done more towards promoting the welfare of the curates (whether Welsh or English) within his jurisdic tion. Had the case been otherwise, had his lordship been such a one as the letter in your paper and your observations insinuate, I should not have taken any notice of it. But let the truth be told. I will not hesitate to say that in no diocese of England or Wales have the curates so little cause to complain of their diocesan ; in no di scene of England or Wales are there so many incumbents who have been promoted from curacies; in no diocese have curates had their grievances so readily redressed, and their wants so kindly attended to; in no other diocese aro bene fices in the gift of the bishop more properly and advents geously disposed of. I believe every living given by hie mines to a life of usefulness lordship has been bestowed on those who have, by seal and Gitupur-street prison aimed discretion, proved themselves most worthy of reward; and the gaol—is one of the walls many an earnest application his been made by him to the the tight of it ever causes crown and to other inalsrepriaton in behalf of such ce- upon the course of his life, sirable incumbents. And though it be a fact that his lord- visiting the prison will be ship enjoys a handsome income, no one disposes of it with He will not fail to have more clinician liberality. I for one should be sorry to un- mind that even in the dertake to pay his public subscriptions with the revenue of worthy of the highest the diocese, and these are as nothing when eonirared with have been lost to society, the many private deeds cf charity continually wrought by of better teaching, safer him. afforded them. If his de Many a clergyman's orphan will bear testimony to this Hospital side of that The state and prospects of children and other Jong persons supported in workhouses have long been an object of deep anxiety among the philanthropic and patriotic. It le extremely difficult to empl y them suitably—atilt more diffi cult to revile fee them. At present the ch.: iren in all uniema receive an excellent educ.ation, but this is seldom of much use to them The parish breedir.g seems to lease an indelible taint. Some have proposed that parishes should hire lead for the purpose of employing their inmates in spade cultivation. In Prance, in an institution far referming young criminals, agricultural pursuits have been used ad ventegenusly. But, in the Bet place there is a great doubt whether agriculture coup be pursued by parishes, so as to pay the current expenses of rent, taxes, toots, Ake. ; and next, there is the same popular objection to manufacturing wheat or potatoes by pauper inhume, that has bcea fairly urged against shirtmaking and tailoring by the same class. The poorer rate-payers among farmers, hosiers, and tailors, protest against the competition of these whom they support. The other day it came out at a police-office in Lendon that the competition of workhouses had brought the price of making a shirt down to threehallpenes. The remit is. that orphan and deserted children brought up in workhouses are chiefly trained to sedentary pursuits : on leaving they do not readily settle down to the irregular hardships of living which our working classes endure. The boy., when apprenticed, seldom turn out well—the girls, too, often take to the streets. These fare are in evidence. Arciadeama Sinclair, the mach respected chairman of the Kensington Union, has favoured us with the heads of a plan (printed for private circulation) of pariah eel .nisation, which is nut only alinireee in its intentions, hut, unlike a great usury philanthropic pr -petitions, perfectly practicable. The archdeacon proposes that the following clew"e be in serted in the next act of parliameat relating either to patt perism or emigration: Ile I' further enacted, that in cam the legislative of any of her Ma. kdy's =tomes or depe Menefee shell see :It at its own met to eats. blest ecieolsof industry, in which boys and girls from their el, radii or tee: fib to their fourteenth year shill receive reagious and moral training and be instructed In the artn bet adagtel to make them lawful colonists, under regulations este:actors to the governor of the colony and toe bishop of the dio cese ; it shall be lawful for the Lords Cominimioncris of her 51sjimyls treasury to contribute, from the oonsolidatid fund, the runt, required for the removal of pauper chdren from any ot the outports to mull colony. And it shall be further lawful for the board of guardians of any esti& or unto*, In any part of the United King. dons, to defray out of the poses rates under their management, the (sevens° of removing a child to the °taped, and umintoithag it in suck cobmisl sehool of Industry : provided always that the cgiciase thereby toe:treed shall not exceed the mat of mipporting such child Maria, a period of two years in the parish workhouse, or in the pauper tiMou school of the district, within which It may have a settlement: pro.. sided, also, that such child be an orphan, or abandoned by its parents; or that Sts parent& or guardians =meat to its removal. He obso.ves The fi Blowing are the advantages of the above scheme to the to toe 04007, and to the mother country. I. As regards the child, a &deeds] school of Industry would be for preferable to the workhouse or pauper union school; for, in the cdoneal school, the children bring nearly set the I,IIIC ago, and admitted at the some time, and for the some period, would be free from many sources of moral centennial.. tion, especially that of new inmates imported fresh from meow of protheses. 2. A. she reboot would be surrounded with 300 or 400 acres of land in posture and under tillage, the inmates weal c .illy be provided with s variety.? =OA end bitaiday employments, and might be classified in ally way moot conducive to their mord improvement. 3. Dieing their period of training they would be often visited by the colnisisnewho wouldscquire en interest in them, end would meter their WACO to hose of young permits sent directly tram ragged mined. or pauper schcola at home, and recently contumui Alert by unrestricted Interro r-e with each other, during the confinement of R 1 mg voyage at • critical period of lite. 4. On leaving school, instead of haffering the winery of being looked upon as supernumeraries, and en oppres. sive burden, by the overcrowded society of the mother country, they would had their ?mires in demand, wage. high, provisions cheap, rates and tax= almost unknown. 3. To the colony the advantage is obvious, of being abundantly supplied with elgiblo emigrants not convicts, nor prostitutes, nor decayed gentlemen and ladies, nor clerk,. musicians, artists or ehoprorn, nor unreelaimed juvenile offen der., veterans In iniquity; but boys and girls who have spent at least two years in chreolony,under a sjstem of trainingdesiord to rnake them active, intenigent, andhonest mi an Well u faithful Chtiatians. The adeionages to :Le mother coaatry would be, monkeys, the greatest aii. it would be relieved. et an expense hardly to be mentior.34 from a large portion of its redundant population. The Colonial School of Industry, once established, would he nearly cell-supporting ; for the children would bo fed and clothe-I from the produce of tome own Industry. Each school accommodating 1,200 children (600 boys and 000 shill, and kee;ing them two years, would require 600 young emigrants every year. Witty schools in different parts of Australia. New Zealand, South Africa, and North America, would create an annual demand for 30,00 d, and the emigrants thus expatriated would not be respectable farmers, mull capitallate, or even able-bodied workmen, but children of the lowest elms in society, the future In. mates of our workhouses, our tramp-sheds, and oar jails. The only practical question In reference to the above scheme me, whether the several Finks concerned would take the share assigned to them in cart) ing it into effect. Would the government be willing to Incur the expense of conveying the children from the outpoet to the colony! Would the colonial legislature, in consideration of the min which the hoard of guardians might he Mantled in advancing with each child, be induced to defray the cost of its maintenance in the school, till it should be old enough to be apprenticed, or to earn in any way derma subsistence I And what sum would o board of guardians be justified in advancing with each child ancuolly, or in a single payment, not with :he hope merely, but with the certainty, of being relieved from all further expense on its account. We shall have no difficulty in showing that such a 'theme might, with some modification', be most advantageously carried out in any of the Australian collides, and that with out applying to government f w any pecuniary assistance, — an n pplication which would be made in vain. We have the archdeacon's authority for stating that the usual charge for supperting a child in the workhouse or pauper union school is 4s. 6d. a week, or Ile 14s. a year. The cost for two years atone amounts to 231. 8.., without including the apprenticesliip fee often paid with boys. There is no doubt that a contract might be made to carry out 150 boys and 150 girls under 14, at 81. a head. Their outfit would not exceed 51. a-head ; a man's may be obtained for that sum. Thus, a cargo of juvenile emigrants might be landed in an Australian port for, say llt. a-head. If, then, the Crown Land Commissioners would set aside, in the waste lands of each of these three great c denies, a euite able estate, fitted alike be agricultural and pastoral pur poem, situated in the remotest parts of the interior, no doubt the colonial legislatures wou:d be inclined to vote the sums necessary for building barracks, stock yards, and barns. Under suitable superintendents the juvenile emigrants might be employed in cultivating wheat, Indian corn, and potatoes, and shepherding flocks, and herding cattle, which would be sent by coleniats to be grazed and tended on the usual berme, a half of increase to the establishment for pasture and tend ing. The girls would be taught the duties of the dviry, and make meet of the clethes worn by the inmates. There is no question that these institutions, even if decently managed, would mere than pay their expenses, and leave a surplus for the perposes of emigration. A large tract of wild land would he reclaimed, and increased value given to neighbeuring propetties. A race of educated shepherds, stockmcu, and dairymaids would be trained up, and after the first year or two &rear-ger:tents might be made for receiving Juvenile emigrants from all parts of the kingdom. Tee annual new arrivals would supply aloe place of the boy colonists, who, at fifteen, would take service, and of the girls, who, at the same age, would either take s. Tyke or marry. The land, now valueless, in a state of nature would, in return for a trifling expenditure per acre, yield enough produce to support a Jarmo population. Perhaps the parishes of England could not do better than engage Captain Islacconochie to undertake the first experi ment. Hie law of kindness, which was a miserable failure at Norfolk Island, when applied to hardened criminals, would probably obtain an admirable MIMI'S with juvenile paupers. His system of mingling work and play, music and ploughitag, sawing and theatrical performances, would endear him to all the young hearts, without the diesstrous results of his Nor folk Island expert inteata.—Sidaey's I:oeigrente' Journal. THE GREAT PRISONS OF LONDON. OILTSPUIIe STREET COMPTER. Mc dirty convict-looking building in Gaspar street, opposite to St. Sepulchres Church, is the City house of correction, u Coldbeth-fl• Ids is that for the county. It ens formerly used as a place of confinement for debtors, but the yearly increasing demands upon the contracted space hes obliged that .!epariment to be given up. City debtors are now sent to Whitccroat-street—where, by-and-by, we shall pay Ur, m a visit. There used also to be a large section of this prison appropriated to female delinquents, but tke same want of room, end the accumulating pressure upon it, ha ve caused that to be given up to male offender.. There are now very few females confined in Giltspur.strcet. Enteric; at the door facing St. Sepulchre's the visitor sud denly finds himself in a low dark pour:, leading into the offices of the gaol, and branching off into other passages, darker, closer, more replete with noxious smells, then even Newgete. This is the fitting prelude to what follows. The prison, it most be noticed, is divided into two principal divi , sions—the House of Correction and the Compter. The front, in Ctiltspor-street, and the called the Compter. In various kinds—remands, cc and generally persons wait, still unconvicted. The other section, occupies the beck per Christ's Hosp!tel. Curious wall divides these widely-, it is to think how sad a children—deathly inexoral pessi'de to mape from—wd other, receive an eleemesim and the criminal ! Who ahs' - -'..stances over which f he side nearest to Newgate-street, is n its wards are placed committals from tbe ~sotralc., waiting ter trial, ati'd consogaintit.p ; ,• thee department, tita Row ofl.tos- • c , portion if the prenuees,o4 , MS it is to consider atu4-ovaly,'• .•,,. , ly-sepsrated worldroabd a difference of des luili: able, uncontrollable,Ba ll hu -iv Is who, on the one 14.• .. -. iminary education ! „, A 1,6 p shall say how ran te'' 7_,.. • • ich the child has little po . "'.7 .. ..... - % vui or mischief 1 From they . most the only ob . . • .•t of rails of Christ's : • • - . • 44 , ••• ... wthe criminal •• le, we will Co . y A l : t o . A are the p ptison • , ' ' 4 r e ‘ ' ."'"' l'• . --. training • , ... 41 ' 1 1" ir iety, lost to •—• f t 'er destiny h guidanoe,ave • 7 .‘ ,•• . lot • •• At en the . 1 ' • ?utilise. is co okie:o ar• T" I 1