The Express. — London, England, 1856-01-12 00:00:00

ett Oxpregigt. TO CORR KSPUNDENTS. Matlimaxsto IntnOt.l Kr "The Exereee,"Lesdee Ihtralut pro', mit ben tlw ns, 1., ' , :t.. , orterttroet, by Two o'eloot ihe day al pabboodon. HIGH RATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Vol DO & 3 h. P. Aftamoss. Slloo. Taresaow rem:, 3S. 5,1 a A!terso.m. 6.. :Oa. LONDON, SATURDAY, JANUARY 12. SIR E. W. CARDEN is disposed to believe that almsgiving in the streets mutt be pat down by law. if it is to be put down at all. We are very confident that it will never he put down by law it other means fail. It is an old truth that law is the expression of the morality of those who lira soder it; that if it falls below that general morality, it becomes obsolete ; if it anticipates that general morality, it is not observed. All this is a settled matter to which everybody agreot in the abstract, while our prattle', in Parliament and out of it, shows tow little we take the troth to heart. It is not very long since our legislators believed they could settle rates of wage' by law, es the HENRYS and the EDWARDS supposed they could settle prices; and there are now numbers of workmen who, whenever adversity betels any branch of industry, think that their troubles might be mended by law, it Parliament would only lend its aid. Then are but too many instances of recent netiuiiog kgislation to permit as as yet to beast of much enlightenment in regard to the powers and scope of law. Our unhappy experience of Sib batarian legislation must be fresh in the memories of all; and we could, if space allowed, show a long array of mischief . .., daily miens,' from the carrying of law into provinces where it cannot work. But we confess we have heard nothing yet to compare in wildness with the proposal to put down street almsgiving by law. It can hardly be necessary to point oat what a cut increase of cheating would immediately take place, when the givers and rs. ceivers would practically combine to evade the police; what a stimulus would be administered to the inge nuity of the most ingenious of all people,—the beggars; what mischief would be done to the au•hority of ►aw itself by en enactment which could sot be enforced, and which would owe its very existence to its opposition to public sentiment. A' law which is opposed to public sentiment is a Legs- San for good objects, and a dangerous instrument of bad ones. That sty magistrate should invoke law ander such circumstances proves nothing so clearly as his perplexity how to deal with an unmanageable difficulty ; and thus far Sir B. W. CIIIDZN has our hearty eympsthy. The difficulty is enormous. . . - The disastrous consequences are indeed over whelmiog to those who have to administer the law, and we could not wonder if every London magis trate regarded as a personal, certainly as a public, enemy every one who glees money, or money's worth, to street beggars. We would fain help the magistrates, and the public morality and social wel fare of which they are the representatives and pro tectors; but we cannot join them, oe any one of them, in desiring a law for purposes which no law can accomplish. Sir It. W. CARDE2I calla for "sow Act indicting a penalty (or the offence of giving street alms." There is no sort of Act which would prevent this, even if every ragged child had a policeman for a keeper. The general sentiment which causes the abuse meet be enlightened, for it cannot be coerced. That this can be dens, theme is no doubt. Every elderly man will declare that the proportion of indiscriminate alma givers is much smaller than it was thirty years ago. There may be more money spent by them, there may be more beggars, and the tricks of their trade may have become more various and refined. Bat among the educated and sensible classes of socie:y, a large proportion, whose parents used to give alms in the street, are aware that the practice is not only a folly but a sin—en " °Snot.," as the magistrate calls it. As a living Archbishop ones said, " I have committed many sins in my life; bat one I a beggar in the street." The most obvious thing to be done is to further the process of conviction—to make mavens to the truth in all directions, by the publication of facts and the influence of reason. These ladies, for instance, acquaintances of Sir R. W. CARDEN, of whose doings he told a striking ante dots in Court—ars not they cured or curable, and in a oriedition by this time to reform others? These ladies, importuned by a wretched looking woman sad her ragged children, gave the woman—not money, but meat, for a Christmas meal. They went into a bomber's shop, and saw the beggar supplied with several pounds of good beef. As soon as the ladies were oat of sight, the woman was urgent to sell the beef to the butcher again, because, u she concluded, ha nut know she did not want it. Do them ladies read newspapers? Do they read this article? Will they allow us to put the question to them, whether they will, or will not, henceforward, give alms to unknown beggars in the street? If they henceforth abstain, let them Induce others to do likewise. Converts are usually zealous. Let them show their zeal here; for they cannot have a better cause. If, on the other hand, they will not abstain—if they will go and do the same thing again —let them take our solemn warning that the curs* of the drunkard will be upon them, and the woe of 601:110 honest hunger-bitten man will lie at their door. They give to the gin•palace and the corruption of infancy what should recom pense industry and solace genuine misfortune. A hearty conviction of these truths must surely be more operative than law. And yet the weakness on this point of persons otherwise sensible is something marvellous. We, like Sir H. W. CARDEN, know ladies who cannot re sist street beggars. 0::e of them is perfectly aware that begging is one of the most profitable pursuits in London: that wteping, bare-footed, despairing wretches go home at night to suppers of spring chickens, green geese, and the best of roast sad boiled : that children are reared to tell fah, tabs from the time they can sprak, and rewarded fag NM Oes by drams in the gin-shop: and that theme ere good objects all around her languishing fig wet of support. All this our friend knows; 'ad yet, front day to day, before leaving home, she goes to her ' halfpence basket for a supply for the beggars. It is wrong, she owns; but, when eh* is wrapped in fun, she cannot refuse the naked—when she is returning to a good dinner she cannot rebuff these who may be hungry. We see the same thing constantly Cone by peruse wbo are in s conflict of mind between a dim ease that they are doing wrong and • dried of closing these sus hearts because they can ill afford to give. WNW who his not observed the feet can have ulliht, vise contributions street beggars levy on the euell shy keepers. Base-legged children hang about the windows: - - time is not whom ' windows; and one or another drops in a &len ti a day, carrying cif • penny eack time. It is osly the bakers and sating•hoaee keepers to ml wo refer—tbs victims of each importunity as THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, JANUARY 12, 1866. 160 t court. -LATEST INTELLIGENCE. WINDSOR, JAW. 11. P;lisse Alloget w►nt ont shooting this yawning, essiied by the Qount of Mandel", Rad OnaMlle, t►e BPookinpg th• Rite of Cowmen% and Reevetagral Hassillfs„ V, TP following Milton left the Castle to-day :—The Estand Countees•Oranville, the Agultetta Minbter (Count Collorede), tbs Marchioness of Illetisgs, sod Captain Yelverton, Bir Charles sod Lady Mary Wood, Sir Beefs win *ell, sad the Right Hon. Spenser sad Mn. Walpole. THE OVERLAND MAIL (mow oux owx FamAY. The India Mail arrived at two o'clock this afternoon. „ DENMARK. A Cabinet Council was held yesterday afternoon at the Foreign-ofEce. It was attended by Visoount Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor, Earl Granville, the Earl of Harrowby, Sir George Grey, Mr. Secre tary L ,bouchere, Sir Charles Wood, Lord Stanley of Alderley, the Eight Hon. M. T. Baines, and the Duke of Argyll. The Council at three hours. (PION OUR OWN COPENHAGEN, FZIDAY. A Royal proclamation orders the election of members of the Supreme Parliament of the mon archy, which is convoked for the 11th of February. The Dagbladet states that the elections must be con cluded by the 22nd Wt. A deputation from the Woolwich Local Board of Health had as interview yesterday with the Right Hon. W. Cooper, 11.1'., President of the General Board of Health, at his office, Whitehall. The deputation consisted of the Rev. Henry Brown, Chairman of the Local Board, Mr. Samuel Dixon, Mr. Barney., and Mr. Pideed, attended by Mr. Edward Sargent, Clerk to the Board. Earl Graarilleanived is London yesterday, from a visit to the Quin at Windsor Cutle. Meetings of the Oaford Univenity Commission ware bold at N. 17, Great Queen-street, Westminster, on Tuesday Wednettley, and Thursday last. The Ceminissiosers pee sent were the Bart of Ellesmere, Sant of Harrowby, Er. 'edict Coleridge, the Hon. Edward Twisleton, the Dean of Wills, end Sir John W. Awdry, with the Secretaries. Vieeonst Palmerston arrived in town yesterday, from his seat, Broadlands, Hants. . Bir Charles Wood returned to taws yesterday, trona Windsor Castle. Despatches for the Clovereor of Comas wen mat piety day from the Colo Liel °Moe. The Doke of Cambridge visited the Italian Theatre Paris, on rhureday evening. His Rigel Rif/haus was in the Pauperises boa. F. Scully, EN., M.P., has been this week married, at the Roans Ceibalig chapel, Sputa place ' by Cardinal Wiseman, to the youngest daughter of J. B. Munk Eiq., of Gioueuter•sqou, klyde•park. General Cannon (Bebram Pacha) has arrived in town from Circuits. --- ----- Captain Oleig, of the Royal Artillery, has returned from tt Crimes, and assumed the duties of his ■ew ap- pointment at the War Dvartatent, as Deputy-Impactor of Military Scheele. . . . We - (United Service Gasegie) understand it is in contemplation forthwith to rears u additional number of captaice and flag Alcorn who, b ap, infirmities, civil or other employments, ere incapacitated from again serving Amt. The vested rights of the facers who us to be re tired, will he carefully observed. This will mike a very desirable sour among the active °Seen. _ 1 1 Templeman's engagement to Lord Derby, we (Ball's IA!.) an informed, is at an sad, tie former having ' seat Li' his cap and jacket and rewired a very handwrite letter from the noble lord lo reply. _ _ _ _ _ . The Cambridge independent states that the local &tithe:idea of that town have revisited the Mayor to cell a public' meeting of the Conseil, which will probably he holden on Trotsky next, "to take into consideration the alleged pitiless state of the Eastern Croatia Railway he• twain London and Cambridge, and the propriety of taking menneres on the 'abject, especially to prorate the temporary diversion of all the tame between Leaden sad Csalnidp, to the line through Ritchie." An experimental trial of the power of plirsaisai hes been made la the proof depertmeat of the Arsenal, Woolwich, for the pawpaw of ondesvonring to obisia • mods of discherging in regular enemestoa the various gone ander proof. Tho method, however, has been pro 'maimed too oomplicetod to admit of its being brought into general use for the present. _ . Dr. liooresby is going out to Australia, with an 'W pm' view to ezperiseats relative to the variation of the eom• pus to iron ships la the southern hemisphere. With groat liberality, the directors of the Liverpool sad Australia* Navigation Company have pasted the ass of a state-cabin is their splendid wow-steamer. the Royal Charter ; a vreel well adapted for wiestifte experiments. The sure are of woad. The eempares are so arrayed rto cheek each other. The wheels, we ere told, are sot likely to la. feriae eves delicate impairer& The BoyalCharter rila seat week for the entipodee. The following are the meetings of Literary and Scientific Sxleties for the sainting week :—Moaday—Bri- Soh Architect., 8; Linnets, 8. Tasaday—lastitation of Civil &Timms, 8, "Oa the Top, Sotto's, and Woe* Webs of Girders sad Tabu," by Mr. Hamill. Wed. newlay—Steisty of Arts, 8, "On Tonnage Reniatratlon," by Mr. Charles Atherton ; Ethnological, 81, "Oa the Riveciwry of Ancient British Oral Records," by Mr. 0. B. Heasumat ; "A Short Amount of the Estacado Ladle's, Geld* Pokrane," by Geld. Mollies. Tbanday—Royal ' Academy, 8, " Architecture," by Professor Cockerel ; cioty of Antinomies, 8 ; Royel, Saturday—A.l4ot* 2. . . _ Professor Hies, of Berlin, hes wxnesetiesd the ex.. ratios of an equeotrian states of King Frederick William the Third, as likswiee that of a nsoneunant to be erected to the lam Privy Comas:Aloe Smith. At the same time, be is shoat to finish the seelptares whisk are to adorn tee sew Mesas at Berlin. M. Herten's "Exile" hu been reprinted at Ham burg, end interdicted (/era moment) at Lelpois. The Rs. • Mae agents interfered, and the Besot enthotitlee proved complaisant; but the trade protested, mid after some re onsideratien the boa was removed. "My Erik "Is there fore free to pus smoog the libraries of Germany. A correspondent of the none, state* that hs km re. fleetly received, oa good authority, the following estraordi leery sesount of as act of cruelty perpetrated by u ambit • 'odor from the Court of Perste now resident la Russia. It appears that during the stay of t►e ambassador la Mospeoer a flre of charcoal, lighted by ►is servant in a stove of the room where his son and the mom slept, canoed the death of t►e former by suffocation, while the latter narrowly se sapid with his lit.. The ambassador, in rode, oa snags the death of his sae, commanded the servant, to whose safe. lawns the accident was attributed, to be flayed alive, The Rosiest polio., however, interfered, alleging that sas► a genialess's mould not be allowed in their country. At revdingly hie Eseelleney ordered a box with airtudes to be made, for the purpose of transporting his unfortunate or. rant to Persia, there to stiffer the fearful death which even l itanies civilisation prohibited I The poor man is pro bably nos on his way is Petsia." Tke Rev. George Manetield, incumbent of St Peter's Church, fl.ffroa.hill, 'dentine that he will preach to that church to-morrow evening, for the beaked' et the working abuse*, the sermon lately delivered by the Rev. Mr. Celtd before the Qom.. Mr. P. Urquhart, M.P., writes to Mr. Moore, politely uking the heaoursbls M.P. for Mayo whether he said he (Mr. Pollard Urqabart) bad been "bought, but not paid tor." " Yes," replies Mr. Moore, "and lus ready to uphold the charge." • • "Your private du luster I have neither the with nor, as I believe, the power le damage; bat your public conduct I believe to be of the very worst complizton ; and I will oontiaos on every fitting ereadoe to ape of that public, conduct se I think it dr surge." Mr. Urquhart challenges his accuser to produce his proof.. By se advertiorment, we learn that Mr. Webster Wends rebeildiag the Adiriphi Theatre oa ea ealerged male daring the maser rear. The War, it appears, has eaten up all the spare bruise. An sprllestles to Lord Paler/eon fora seatrlba ties of metal for the proposed store of Nears hap t e am sesseeerfel. The ratter was reheard to Lord Prams and the Ordure' Daportrant, sad so answer ►ee been reeved, to the offset the all the bronze in the peewees of GOVHIII3IIIIt le rquired for the rating of arra. On Tuesday forenoon, as the tad of lig&ton wee looviog the National Bank, Edinburgh, ►i. pocket wr picked of 1001. which be ►ad Jut drawn. The thieves lumped. The elevation of Sir James Parke to the peerage is at loan& (netted. His title is Baron Wensleydale of Wensleydale, Yorkshire. Hr. Batas Braswell, it •ill also be loan by oar law report, has wand o• kis jedielal dation. REPRESENTATION OF NEW ROSS.—My. has Fltspotriek, burbler-st•lsw, lowly Chief Jostles of Ow Gold Coast, lases& offering ►land( so s saadldsto for New Boss os " indopeoilost liberal ►riseipla." Kr. Fitaparrisk is a mars albs pose of Nsusgb, sod possesses emosidwrablo Igsl sod Uki..7 ability.—Cisii Serried Gaeta*. described the other day to Sir R. W. CARDEN by a shopniao. We are thinking of a very poor basket maker, who can busty clothe and feed his own children. His wife, while hei hey 4 is aching:at the family wants, gives a half s*/ vow and:a Itolf. penny then to little creature:l(lol44M asagi4dlfion some it in the shape ot gyn.Winervmaidutsgaip; are the weakest ot the weak in thlsasatter. Their duty keeps them much out of doors ; and their walks and haunts are iu'ested by beggars who know and profit by the softness of thole hearts. Thty, too, "know it is stay wrong;" but they always have halfpeuce in their pockets, anu they never cm keep them there. It would be a startling rory were it known bow much goes in haltrence in this mischievous way out ot the ten pounds a nnrsery-eraid has wherewith to elothe herself, and mike /monition for sickness and misfortune. Is it not possible to persuade some of all these offenders—ladies, shopkeepers, nursery-maids, or whoever they may be—to put into a bag the same pence they would give away, and look at It at the end of the month or the quarter. Then they car give it away if they like. We are very sure that it they do, it will be in a different way. Whea the money amounts to silver and gold, there is every chance of its being well, or at least carefully bestowed. The baker's shopman the other day said that he had repeatedly seen one child of a batch of beggars receive is. 6d. or 21. in the coarse of an hour-tied-a-halt At this rate what might not be done for the relief of social misery by such a charity fund as now sends a multitude of men and women to the ginahop and the grave, and plunges a crowd of children through prdligrcy into heinous crime!, Among our readers there are too, probably, many who are guilty of this " offence" of street almsgiving. We call upon them for a re solution never to do it opens. There are plenty of ways of being beneficent. Let them be as charitable as they will hot never again let a street or road beggar tempt them into what they must know to be • grave sin. CIVIL SERVICE SUPERANNUATION.-PETI- TION TO PARLIAMENT. Mr. Roebuck, who, wears glad to find, has returned to town with renew( d health, has undertaken the esuse of the public employee, and will present this petition from the civil servants who entered since 1829, praying to be put upon an equality with their fello w-servuc to w ho e n tercel before t hat year, as respects the scale of superannuation, and the abolition of the oppressive tax upon salaries. This imposition, along with the income tux, exactly doubles direct taxation in the case of the government clerk as compared with all other classes, and weighs with peculiar hardship at a time when high prices, which bring compensat ing advantages to the trading orders, only still farther reduce the purchasing value of his fixed in come. _ . . — iirt petition is in course of signature, and has already been signed by 9,300 out of the 11,000 civil servants who are interested. It will, therefore, h 2 a very unanimous expression of the wishes of the government employes. THE ROYAL ALBERT. We have received the following communications respecting ILM S. the Royal Albert, for the safety of which somo apprehensions had been entertained: "Admiralty, Jao. 11. "The following information has this day boon received : " The Royal Albert sailed, on the 3d inotant, from Zia to Malta." " Admiralty, Jan. 12. "Her Majesty's ship Royal Albert arrived at Malta on the ith of January, all sate." TITHE COMMUTATION. Bu,—As your readers any feel anxious to know the result of Ole oora are•sses fur the seven years to Christ mas last, published by authority is the Lueders Gawk of yesterday—vie Wriest Barley Oats I bow to state for their information that each 100/. of tithe nut sharp will, for the year 18.50, amount to 931. 113 e. I*4 , which is a little mots than four par sent :above the last year's value. The following statement from my "Assail Tithe Com• gestatios Tahiti" will show the worth of 1101. of tithe rioFeharp for mob Isar since the passim( of the Tithe Commutation AC, via.: £. s. d. Tor as year 1837 MP 1833 IP 1837 .. 1840 IP4I .. 1842 9. 1843 P. 1844 II 1846 1846 " 1847 .. 1848 PS 1849 .. 1850 ~ 1851 P. 1&52 ~ 1863 9. 1834 ~, 1853 1856 20g1,972 12 71 General average for 20 years E9B 12 71 I remain, sir, your most °Wiens servant, CHARLES M. WILLICK, Actuary Univer•ity Lira Ammer, Society. 26, Suffolk-stow, Pa:l-mall Hut, Jan. 12, 1838. PREPARATIONS FOR THE FORTHCOMING CAM-, vitiate—lt is a pity that the It.ssisn Ronne cannot Mks a few boars' ramble throagb the Tower of London at the peanut Unto. It woold do him good to watch the onsteat aethity of nearly sae thousand men employed in receiving stone of every deseriptioa from contractors, and donate:h. leg thou off to the Crimes immediately, either by rail or by motor. There is not a nook from the ditch to the ware houses that is not tilled up with bales or rases. la fact, a portka lathe Lesion I:l,ch warebonses has been rented by Government lo restive stores.— United Service Gazette. The managers of the London Theatres seem re solved to adapt the Chrietmea en t laments to the hours usually deemed appropriate for youg people. At Drury Lane, a pafatmenre takes place every Wediseesay morn ing. At Covent Clirdee, Saturday nest (19th) a chosen for a Mafia, purpose. Mr. &whitens devotes the whole of, the Feast week to a series of "j al,rhts," the nest' perferstasee of The Beaus Stratagems being deferred to Monday, the 21st inst., that the pastonsime ay begin at, as early hear. At the Princess'e, there will be • mernleg performance on Thursday nest, being the drat that hoe ear takes place at that theatre. Mr. W. Cooke, of Asb announce. Saturday, the 19. b, u the oussios of the last seeming performance of Om awn. Dr. Bravo Bauer, the Theological Coatroversialiat, fananly of the Uai ity of Botlia, ltsa left Persia aad ta►es aft fit abode a Loados. s I Mr. Mogen, (we hears from the Atheism's) aas left several volurase—it Is sold lire—of Memoirs. These are is the Mods of the pest's teamster aad publisher, Mr. Moires, sad are "ready for the press." Report smoke asetawasly as to tbo metres. &win' penes.) preporty le said to be soder 26,0001. The ',Wares sad boots an possibly worth 40,0001. Is his later years Bowers tired sa l ea madly free Oho beak. • HERAT. We (Morning Post) have authority for stating that advice. have been received direct from Perils, which in no way confirm the statement that came through ladle, of the capture of Herat by the Persians. All that has happened at Herat hu been a conflict b:tween two Afghan factions, in which one has triumphed. _ . The limn has received the following telegraphic despatch from its Vienna correspondent, dated Thursday evening : "CONSTANTINOPLE, iht. 4. " According to &drifts from Teheran the British Minister has demanded his paasporta, on account of a personal rnieundentanding with the Court." EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (sum out ow" PARIS, FRIDAY /VINING. What's the matter with the Senate P Such is the question which all the astonished readers of the lifoniteor of this morning put to every ose they see, and few there are who get any intelligible answer. The public mind was occupied with the Council of War at the Tuileries, the Czar's counter propositions to the Austrian overtures for peace, the avowed neu trality of Denmark, the reported neutrality of Sweden, the scarce concealed hostility of Prussia, the duplicity of Austria, the wavering of Saxony and Bavaria, the forthcoming loan, and the daily fall in the funds, but up to lut night no soul in the universe, not in the secret of the Moniteur article, was thinking about the French Senate. What is the Senate P who are the Senators P and what are they for P are questions which I can assure you the bulk of society in France are as ignorant of and indifferent to as the folks in England, who, I take it for granted, neither know nor oars much about the matter. How ever, it has been thought necessary for high reasons of state which are carefully concealed to give the Senate a public scolding, and to proclaim to the people of France that the fifth wheel of the coach, of which all they know is that it costs them a good deal of money, does not go. I believe, from rather good information, that the key to the enigma is this :—Last motion some of the more ambitious Senator., who are not content to en joy their 30,000 fr. in quiet, bothered the Emperor about the insignificance of their position in the state. They took nothing by their motion. It is anticipated that at the approaching sittings they may come forward again. The article in the Moniteur hu, I am told, the double object of refus ing by anticipation their requests for more real power, and at the same time, to suggest that if they wished to give themselves importance, they may represent to the Emperor a. being the darling widots of the country certain things which he wishes to have accomplished, such as the appointment of the Empress as Regent, the nomination of Prince Napo leon as Viceroy of Algeria, and—if used be—the abolition of the Salk law. The following is the concluding cartion of the article referred to by oar correspondent: _ _ The 'keen is, above all, a great political and morel power. The legislator isf 1862, when instituting it, did not mean to male it the feint reflex of soother Methadon, that belongs to history. He wished to arena a corps to suit the pros:meet he was bending and adapted to our social state, ouch as this last has sprung out ef this Presets revolution. He has sedgind to this goers a part equally exalted se It is Important. In regular and calm periods, It can suggest all the great musings of public utility; it bean the peltinn of the cairns ; it eaamises the onditios of the country; it inquires Into its ands ; it gamine whatever may tionduse to the per fecting of its criminalise; it points out useful reforms; it proposes real improvements. In extraordinary period. it may, like the paliareasts of old, stop power when going astray ; it watc►n over the safety of the country, the integrity of die national territory ; the respect du to the sationaleompeet ; the maiatessafe of all the principles and interests of 'misty. In order that this part it las te perform may be esteemed by public option Ns highly es the author of the constituties wished It to be important sad privileged, the &eats has merely to sole boldly the spirit of its own high mission. It depends on itself to make its leisure more useful than at 1 labour woe of that sansibly, whose place it fills at the Luxembourg. Besides, it was intentionally that the con stitution of 1862 bestowed co it time. Time means study, innovating, standee. Time presuppose the incessant inquiry into all din is demanded by the mural maltase of the people, its welfare, the interests of sideslips, the development of labour and of credit; the prosperity and safety of Freest. Time, for antenna, is equivalent t t the power of enrching after what is good, of die earning it, preparing it, popsies, deisading, and accomplishing it. Time 1 This is what the perils randary easemblies did not have; this is what tke Insisters, overwhelmed as they are with so many earn and respossibilities, still desire sad ever must desire. What greater force could be gives to as assembly, which, possess ing the right of initiative, has the power of insuring surer s to all that is really useful ? _ T►es, to summarise the parts belonging to the eonrtita• dos, the Emperor reveres by mesa. of his reinisten. This sielstry hes theCouneil of State for a vigilant fellow-labourer. The control is fully avd freely ewer sued by the legislative corps. Lastly, uan &dime of the goveroment site the senate. Whilst all the other powers, and the Emperor himself, are abettod by the innumerable question' of each day, and by the immense cares of foreign aced home policy, the Senate only descends to perform its (motions of ob s lion in order to re-ascend, and there discharge its high protecting duties is behalf of society. Regelatieg the government when its soden is irregular, rousing it should it slumber, the Neste thus exercises an everoctive legumes over the periodos advance of the government ; ao the support sad enoeillor of the throne, it brings to it, In addition to the tribute of its experience and the result et its investigations, means perpetually stew for achieving good and for daserviag the gratitude of the people• THE SOUND Dom—A private letter from Altona mentions that the Danish Government bus now lost all hopes of bringing anything like a Conference together on the subject of the Bound Dam. The Oovernmeot Is described is this letter le la the greatest embarrassment and dir union as to the course to be pursued towards the deg of the United &atm, en its ant attempting to pats Eronenborg daty free, after the expiration of the present treaty. It is, naturally enough, feared that the attempt, if successful, will be imi- tated by other nations, and the example become widely c ,n -wises. It is even dinned that the Danish authorities nave at least deliberated upon the plan of letting the Moe. diens through unneoleeted, but of keeping an account against them fee preseatation when the subject of the Bound " • . . . . . De, a shall have beim adjusted—Shim:4mo Gantt. The apaolsa uovernment, vetta a v i ew or intro . dating the Eoglirh system of keeping accounts in their MIaCHANT NAVY or PIUSILL—An Alicia return, just published at Broth', shows that the macchant navy of naval depsnments, have despatched Brigadier Juan de Dies Prune, at the beginning of th e present year, consisted of Eames Yequierdo, belongieg to the naval establishment et 900 'easels of 1".°48 fox harden—whisk it 23 " 06, aid that country, to visit England, ftr the purpose of olysiaing 3,273 lona more tins at the eorrrepeedieg period of hat a knowledge of the method of keeping accounts used la ber year. In the coarse of last year 67 vessels Oars built, bat DO others was lost and 14 sold. Majesty's dockyards. THE BALTIC. (mow Om owx col KARL, his. 8. We still have open water, and there is no interrup tion to the activity which for the last ten days has so universally prevailed between the lower ports of the Baltic and those of Russia whicn, notwithstand ing the winter, are still accessible for trading vessels, under canvas, althcugh it is long eines: the weather in those regions had become too boisterous or too severe for the war steamers of England ; and it is to be hoped that there English merchant vessels which their owners and charterers have still ventured to deapatch to Memel, Konigsberg, and other Prussian deposits of Russian produce may not fall a prey to some of the cruisers of the Czar, while the protection they had a right to expect from the British navy has been so prematurely withdrawn. The truth is, that during the years eat peace our English ships of war have been kept too much on such stations as the Mediterranean, where the rigouis of winter are comparatively little known; and when, in the course of war service, they are transferred to the Baltic, the preliminary frosts of the season ere looked upon as permanent, and all haste is made to seek shelter at home, lest on the first encounter with ice they should be exposed to what appears to them to be nothing less than the dreadful fate of the gallant Franklin and his crew. In this cme experi ence appears to have taught nothing either to our Admiralty or to the officers in command. The same if o f t the b edoi t fts w opli a tlia nrhouefoomh,diot: whom laughing-sto c k ete ho p kedw r o; British and n i at o g ri s e e ith d ohs 0, being a a sat n yhowy d exer oidf t oo o h euas i yst s , mistake was committed last year, only to be repeated system tl ; i d s admiration i a N n n o d t t r we u t Norwegians, become o to conciliate, will begin to place less confidence in the alliance than is likely to conduce to their harmonious co-operation with our squadrons and flotillas. The Admiralty agent for the Baltic has been here to make arrangements for the requisite supplies to the fleet on their return to this anchorage; and it is said that in the approaching season some of the large old line of-battle abipe, which since the general intro duction of the screw machinery are no longer as efficient ma formerly, are now io be used as store. ships and receiving-ships, which, there can be doubt, will prove to be of great advantage, and will certainly be preferable to the plan which has been proposed of establishing depots in wharves and ware houses ashore. I have had some conversation with comrades in the Schleswig-Holstein army of many of the Bri tish German Legion, who are now quartered in Tur key, and I have solicited information as to the cause of the desertions which we hear have taken place to a considerable extent. The uniform and universal answer is, " There is no cause for this whatever, ex cept the system of flogging, to which we have never been accustomed, and to which we never can submit. There is no objection to imprisonment for any period, bat the lash must be abolished if it is desired that &hies w ig-Holsteiners should be thoroughly reconciled to the British service." ST. PETERSBURG, JAN. 3. The great council of war is concluded, and from what has transpired on tho subjeet it appears that the Itnisian tactios for the approaching campaign have undergone some important modification,. Various orders sent off from headquarters would seem to indi cate the resolution to abandon the Crimea altogether, for a part of the troops are directed to march to the Cauctuus, to reinforce the corps of General Moura vieff, whilst others have orders to join the grand army of the centre, under General Pantutine. There can be no doubt that the Russians fully ex pect that the principal theatre of war will be trans ferred in the spring from the South to the Baltic, and preparations are making for a vigorous defence of their line of coast. Notwithstanatog the extreme severity of the winter, orders have been given for the immediate erection of a chain of fortifications on the northern coast of the Gulf of Finland, extending from Abo up to W3borg. Behind this line the crack troops are to be concentrated—namely, three divi sions of the imperial Guard and the first infantry corps—so ea to be prepared to sustain the first shock that may be made by the enemy in that quarter,with the view of possibly marching to St. Petersburg. The successor of Privy Councillor Labeosky has not yet been appointed. It is generally expected that M. de Fonton will receive the appointment, which is one of great importance, as the holder must necessarily be in the moat unlimited confidence both of the Emperor and Count Neseelrode. M. de Fonton is a diplomatist of great experience, having been formerly employed in the Russian embassies at Patio, Vienna, and Constantinople, and was latterly at the head of the mission to the court or Hanover, from whence he wits lately recalled to undertake provi sionally the duties of M. de Labensky, who died sud denly a couple of months since. Colonel Furubjelm, formerly aide•de-camp of Ge neral Bodieco, commandant of the Aland Islands, and who bad been shelved ever since the capture of Bo marsund, has been reinstated in the imperial favour, and is appointed military governor of a province in Finland. After an audience of the Cu.r he left this city yesterday for his new seat of government. lie is a native of Finland, and well acquainted with the resources and requirements of that grand duchy. ODESSA, Dec. 29. The extreme 'severity of the present winter has caused not only the outer roadstead to freeze, but the' Black Sea, as far as the eye cm reach from the light house, is covered with one mass of ice. Such a rigo rous winter is beyond the recollection of the oldest inhabitants. The thermometer was for several days as low as 26 deg. ReAumur (27 deg. below zero of Fahrenheit), but the quicksilver has now risen to 12 deg. Iteaumur, and the snow falls without interrup tion. Many accidents have occurred and people been frozen to death—even in their beds! You can fancy that the deep snow greatly impedes all communica tion, although workmen are continually employed to clear the roads, and throw up the snow on either side forming immense hedges, so that when the farmers carts meet with a train of artillery or baggage wag gons, they have great difficulty in making room to pass• According to the official documents just published, the exports of Odessa for the past year consisted solely ot foreign produce re-exported, and of the value of 4,416 roubles; whilst the imports amounted to 196,882 silver roubles. The value of foreign gouda imported into the interior of Hoists from the free port of Odessa amounted to 119,152 silver ronbles. Notwithstanding the severity of the season, the annual fair at Alexandria (in New Ituesia) was held as usual, but on account of the intensity ot the cold few purchasers sad fewer sellers appeared, and the business done was therefore extremely limited. The simultaneous arrival in this city of several general officers of high standing, from Kiew, Nico- Isis ff, Chotim, and even from the C inset, has given rise to the report that a council of war is ordered to be held here. It is added that the result of the grand council of war lately held at St. Feteisburg is to be laid before it, and the opinion of the generals taken, before being finally adopted and receiving the sanc tion of the Emperor. The Cologne Gazelle publishes the following , letter : ODESSA., Dec. 27. The Commander of the 6th Isfantry Coils of the Ac,ive Army, Lieutenen4G 1 Lipr■ndi, from Nicholairff; Count o.ten Sackett, the Commander of the 4th Army Corps ; and Ge 1 Kotsebue, Chief of Prince Oorteba. k .ra Staff, and from the head-quarters of that g 1, have arrived here, and have had conferences with General Laden, General Krusenstero, and Count Strogoooff. These meeting. of military authorities at St. Peunkurg in the North and here in the South are ciouhtlers held for a like object with the military councils in the West. AUSTRIA. The Cologne Gazette publishes the following: VIENNA, JAN, 7. Fresh instructions were sent off yesterday to Count Esterhezy, and it is raid that the question of again Using a part of the army has been molded in a quarter frost which there is no cppeal. It is certain that the late re. duction is regarded as an err..r in the military circles Gem, because the necessity of recalling the men who were thee disbanded ought to have been forcetn. As &ion gi Russia's answer In the negative shall have arri.k, the government wi'l publish • mtmorandurn on tte present political situation, and it wid to accompanied by a maiJifesto to the nation. At the snot tine the Eastern question will, it la summed, have to be discussed by the Diet, to be followed by a tlEtiliag proclamation on the part of the German states 'Oast Raisin. The negotiations entered into with the grata number of the Gamut states this end w-rrant, it is said. a favourable result. In like manlier the negotiations now pendleg between Austria sad the Western l'owers for the final settlement of the measures that will have to be taus in ease Russia sends a refusal, are tending to a Most satisfactory issue. AUSTRIAN ITALY. The Caltalice of Mantua he, the following: In the conferecee of the bishops of Lombardy, juat hetet it Rho, it has been decided to hive the most rigorous interptc Cation to the new conenrdet, in conformity with the Noss wishes of his Apoetolic Majesty. Hence the Imperial pioceg is declared to be no longer necessary for the institution of benefloes, of whatever kind they may be; the suh•ecouomi, Of deputy treasurers, being no longer 'twinned by govei.i. meat, are to be placed under the sole direction of the bishops; all works contrary to the catholic dogma are to be prohibited by the lame authority, and the bishops it Vienna are requested to use their utmost endeavours to obtain from government the restitution of such ecclesiastic( property aa still remains unsold, in order to employ it in the re.establistiment of monasteries and religious cotamuniti• ~ of various denominations. Qthetions relating to metri. monist impediments revert under the sole control of the episcopal sem Meanwhile, hymns of thanksgiving are being Nang in all the parishes tor the restoration of the ancient state of things. EASTERN COUNTIES RAILWAY AND THE BOARD OF TRADE. TO THE lIDITOR 01' Tal WHIM Eastern Counties Railway, Secretary's Office, Bishougate Station, Loudon, Jan. 11. Sfit,—l am instructed by the directors to forward you a copy of my letter, which hu been addressed to tls Board of Trade, together with a copy of the enclosure therein alladed to.—l am, !Lc., J. B. OWEN, Secretary. Eastern Counties It railway, Secretary's Office, Bishopogate Station, London, Jan. 10. Bir,—The board of directors of the Esatern Comities Railway Company have had under their anxious caesium. ties your letter of the s:h inst., enclosing, by order of the Lords of the Committee of the Privy Council for Trade, copy of the report of Colonel Wynne on the state of cu. tan parts of the Eastern Counties Railway. I am desired to stets, for the information of their lord. ships, that in October last a speciel committee of Ws board was appointed to deliberate on the condition of the permanent way and works of the Eutern Counties foes, and to take such action thereon as, under the advice of theo engineer, Mr. Bruff, might be thought necessary. The board have called the attention of their engineer to the communication received frem their lordships, sad the monspanying report from that ofli ter will ehow generally the mane which has ken taken by him, both before and after the appointment of the sp, Mal committee, and the plans propcaed for the future, together with bit views at to the safety of the line between London, Cambridge, sad Norwich The beard feel that by the additional precautions sog• gamed therein, and which the, have ordered forthwith to be adopted, the public safety will be satisfactorily provided for. The bo►rd are gratified to find that Colonel Wynne agrees with their engineer, that weak or decayed timber structures may be tempurardy made safe by additional struts mod other appliances of new timber. This strengthening of thc timber etnictores, together with the introduction of new sleepers, and the genertl notification of every deficiency, has been, nod is being, carried on with unceasing easily, and acquiring espial lure, by a force of upwards of 1,000 men, foremen, sad asperintendents, in addition to the ordinory establishment The board concur fully in Colonel Wyntit's opinion, that to make the larger timber structures permanently safe, my mast be all carefully stripped and overhauled, which, of course, will require its removal of one of the ham of rails during the process. Thia thorough restoration has bean in progreu for tents menthe past, and will be v.:lain:Led with as much expeditioa as is praoticable, and ti erehre the hoard are premed to meet the exigency of the circamatancto to the fail extent indicated by Colonel Wynne. The board trust that by thee* precautions, and by the skill and vigilance of their engineer and bis staff, all danger will be averted and the public confidence be fully re aWred.—l am Sir, your ob:dient servant, J. B. OWIiN, Secretary. To Captain Gallon. R.E , Railway Department, Board of Trade. B abopagste Station, Jan. D. To the Chairman of the Rey and Works CJaamittee. Sir,—l have carefully read and considered the report If Colonel Wynne upon the condition of the permanent way and wood bridges upon this company's tine between 1.2 e. non, Cambridge, and Itioruis`.; end however applicable hi observations would have bon some low months sine, I art oonstrained to differ in opinion with him to a considerable extent as to their prertnt conil.ticn, or the danger to be sp• pretended by the public in travelling thereon, and for the following 'moos: 1. The wood bridges were carefully examined, tasted, end classified man after I become engineer of the company; and those structures which exhibited the m serious decay 514 weakness were at once place under reconstruction, sad others less urgent were made temporarily secure until time permitted their renewal. • 2. A. lugs force of (neaten and workmen distributed I throughout the line have been swiftly engaged under my direction for many mouths past in the recoostruction and reparation of the es•od bridges, whose efforts most 01 I necessity result in the daily improvement of their stability, and whose duty it is to guard the public safety to the utmost silent, bye daily ezansinvtion of every wools structure. 3. Toe reduced weight and creed of rawer:ger trains no• adopted maths section of the lice in Tar ati..n, and more parti cularly the greatly reduced speed at which they pass over those wooden structures at present under repair, or which have not been permanently renewed. 4. The greater w, ight of tie ;pods and mineral trait+, which past in rapid succer-ion both day and night over the whole line, which act as c , ctiuuous tests of the stability both of the permanent way and of the wood bridges, sed may consequently bo considered as affording • fair ow lii rantee for the safe pewee of the lighter passenger trains. 4. The fast that no accident occurred when the way and works of the company were in a far less sst:sfectory condi. Con than at peetent, and in the absence LI these precis. timery measures and limits of eyeed which now exist. Absolute safety M railway travelling, I need hardly observe, can be secured upon nob's., however new or rarfect it may be in all its parts; and upon the Em men Comities' London, Cambridge, and Norwich line, I see no namable ground's to doubt, with a continuance of the present atom to maintain and improve its condition, and of those hada precautionary measures herein referred to, that the rublie may travel u safely as upon the generality of lines untie ()Misery circumstances. And I w.iuld beg to observe, is reference to this opinion, that I esn hove no object other than giving you correct information, teeing that it fell tray duty first to call the attention of the of directors to the dilapidated condition of your way en 4 works altami immediately after my appointment, since which time, with the eirgni f yourself, collebgues, and shareb.ildert, I have been actively employed in effecting their restorstion. In conclusion, I Dave to recommend tam, in deference • the expressed opinion of Colonel Wynne to the Board of Trade, and to allay apprehension in the public mind, the rate of speed of all passenger trains between London, Cal' bridge, arid Norwich, be fsr a time still further reduced; that a safety•travelling inspector be appointed to travel upon the engine with every passenger train nemeen them ' points to enforce strictly the empany's regulati ois ; sea notwithstandiag the unfsvoue ible period of the year lot ex. I tended operations,that • coasiderable increase should bereft r to nor present means, wit', t'te view of espediting repair. and facilitation the progress of reeoostrastioo.- 1 remai n, 'I Sir, your obedient eervan , , (Sidaied) Prom BRICFII, Engineer.