The Express. — London, England, 1852-09-02 00:00:00

gtit ervrepo. TO CORRESPONITSI3. A .* t 4 lelitlea •I " Tie Vapor," foe NI soy P. ow evoilorre aurae." t. peke:Orbs/ every Toollay red 1 - ,A. 7 riot. to aas las re.l. Wert uremia ate tater4r4 tw "The rapes...," lee va e'erso ...epee, aa se the meek 10. Bear releolVer, )1 Two ec.ast to Or dq ct perldwateva. !1:(;N WATitk AT LONDON BRIMS. t•.r c0.,-11nrelas. 41.14a...—...Atufeseea, W. 30s. .*.au.ow—Merutos. 4..411§.....-...AhasrarAs. all.. As. t►.VDON, THURSDAY, REPT. 2. THE Tories being in office, arc working the regis tration courts to keep themselves there. Claims and objections have been served by thou-ands, and the revising barristers wall have plenty to do. not only in Middlesex, hut in all other quarters. By a lavish expenditure of money the Tories evidently hope to strengthen themselves in the House of Commons. They slant money on the elections—they are now spending money on the registratioine. They have place and power, and—it money will do it—they mean to keep both. " After Lord Deem the deluge," says Lord Mato wrung. Lord MAlic.4riiNE is theft Alec of opinion that his deluge cannot take place until Lord DERBY has passed away from the seine of public life, and conseqiPatly that Lord DERBY is not one of those who arc to be saved in the ark. Others than Lord MatosTotte may hence infer that Lord DERBY must be one of that scandalous generation whose conduct is to provoke the deluge. Viewed in this light, there may be more in Lord Mainsroaea prophecy than people base been inclined to believe. Let us see whether there is anything in the conduct of Lord Drone that appears conducive to a political deluge--so a breaking up of the fountains of the great deep. In a country like ours, where a majority of the community are sufficiently instructed to think for themselves, and where the press is sufficiently free to enable them to express their thoughis without constraint, there is but one possible source of a revolution—and that is, die divesting this thinking and speaking pub lic of all check or con - rel over the executive govern ment, while those constitutional arrangements adopted with a view to enable it to exercise such check or control are preserved in their outward forms. In other words, England is safe from a revo lution so long as its House of Commons is a real, ?sines Ve representative of the opinions which per vade the thinking portion of society. Whenever the executive content's to pervert the electoral sys tem into a mere sleight of hand process for bringing together a subservient House of Commons that will approve all its doings, whatever may be the public opinion of them, it will be found that the country, so long as this state of affairs con tinues, is constantly on theeerge of • revolution. Government. fancying they do not require the sup port of public opinion. and having no mesas of as certaining the form and pressure of public opinion, act in disregard or defiance of it. The people find. ing no aid in their clusory elective system have to course to other devices. Government and the people come into a permanent, unintennitting relation of antagonism, and in the tierce contests that ensue all , social and civil institutions are in danger of being shattered at any moment. The Reform Act of Earl GREY did not come a moment too soon to save us front such a catastrophe. Now it is palpable that one great aim of the Denny Ministry—one trick or device upon which they rest their last faint hope of being able to render their tenure of office permanent—is to bring back our electoral system to a condition in which its prac tical results JAR be the same as they were before ' i the passing of the Reform Act. The meet sanguine liberals admit that the DERBY Ministry have been able to obtain the return of I nearly 31W) supporters to thenew House of Commoos. And it is admitted by all who look below the sew- ' face of mere hustings professions that there are ' more slippery customers among the Opposition than could be wished. Among . the 180 members entirely new to parliament there is an undue proportion of ' ' aspiring briefing barristers and private bill jobbers. Now, when it is remembered that Ministers took the field at the general election without any distinct ' or definite avowal of itinciples—that, indeed, the ' professious even of prominent place-holders at the hustings were entirely contradictory—it is clear that their large minority can only be attributed to their ! Influence u heads of an organised faction, and u oc cupants of office. When men who so unblushingly proclaim that they aspire to office not to promote principles or a policy, but simply to obtain the power ' of helping themselves and their friends, can ensure : the return of a phalanx closely bordering upon 300 members to the Howe of Commons, we are coming dangerously near to that state of affairs in which ' the notninal representatives of the people are in fact merely the delegates, agents, or tools of a factious, self-seeking minority. Facts are daily transpiring which show that the game of Ministers is to gain time to adopt measures whereby they may ensure themselves (or party) the power of packing the House of Commons with a ma jority of their representatives. They flatter themselves that if their minority of nearly 300 can be trans formed into • permanent working majority, the • country will be permanently subjected to their wilL To brag about this they are seeking . to gain time by purchasing a temporary interim majority in the pre sent Parliament. The scandalousdistribution of naval and other patronage among Members ;of Parliament and their relations and connexions has no other ob ject. If they can so mould and temper the present Hoene of Commons as to secure themselves against any marked defeat for the next year or so, they coast, not altogether unreasonably, upon being by that time prepared to try another general election witlii better prospects of success. They are to this end working indefatigably in the registration courts. This is the reason why the supporters of the Marquis of BLANDFORD are so in defatigably working the Middlesex registration; this is the MOOS why Lord Deaar and others are eobscribiag their five hundred poaade apiece to wrest their votes from the Libenl electors of Lan cashire. The faction are se active, though less osten tatiously. so, in other registration courts. The struggle in these courts between independent, un organised electors and the agents of a wealthy face Lion in stalkd in *Mee is very unequal. The compli cated questions to which the various ( listing . fran chisee have given rise have rendered • contest in the registratioa courts harassing and expensive. Oa the side of the independent electors experience lea shown bet too clearly that " what is every man's business is no man's business." The registers have alma everywhere been allowed to fall into confaMon. Zealous iodividaale soon grow tired of the trouble and expense; they get disgusted at having the whole toil and expenditure incurred in struggling for the rights of thousand, defrayed by some half ¢ a doyen who possibly do not even get thanks for their pains. It is very different with a faction intreothed in office. There are many opportunities of diverting public messy into electioneering channels; and even when private subeeriptions have to be relied upon for r~ietn*ios piques the contributors look forward to be remanerated by place or promotion. It is, therefor., apparent that the majority in the Horne of Commons which represents public opinion mere party and official influence is alarmingly narrow ; it is equally apparent ncouraged by this state of affairs, are unkinamily labouring to complete the perversion of the Ham of Commons into a mere representation et a feetieess minority i it is equally apparent that if they do not quarrel among themselves, a year or two at most may be sufficient to enable them to attain their object. That the oonesquence of this will be the permanent ivitabli4unent in office et the faction at present headed by Lord Dune no one can suppose. But it will lead to the renewal of such etruggles between the people and the executive government as were wit nessed at intervals in this country from 1816 to 11430. And it must be kept in mind that such struggles now are much more ticklish th;ngs than they . were then. The superstitions reverence for existing instititions, merely because they exist, has been much weakened, and repeated victories have inspired the people with greater confidence in their own judgment and strength. A faction administering the affairs of the country in such a manner as systematically to preach revolution is much more likely to have its challenge early and earnestly accepted now than at any fo time. We do, therefore, to a certain extent concur in Lord MAIDBTONY:t opinion, that Lord DIUOIT may be tin) precursor of a political deluge, Bit that cad , only be on the condition the Lord Intattx b. allowed to remain lon enough a power. to prepare the deluge. TUE variations in the funds have been greater titan usual, we arc told. iu the past month. Consuls, under the sionthined influence of an alarm about the harvest, and about the fisheries dispute, have de cliucd 2! from the highest point, but they have since recovered, and arc now only below that. Within the same period, ruilwny shares have fallen 10 per cent., but they too have recovered more than the half of the fall. The price of wheat has undergone a similar variation. In some markets, and for some descriptions of wheat, the price has risen 7s. or Si. per quarter, but the market has since become quiet, though the price of tine old wheat has not again fallen. The changes are none of them very great ; they are temporary; they are readily accounted for ; but to such changes we aro unused, and they excite more attention than much greater changes excited at former periods. About three weeks ago • great deal of rain alarmed the public for the harvest, and there was a disposition to speculate largely iu corn. The owners of stocks withheld thent from the market, or asked exorbitant terms, and the mere prospect of prices rising induced corn merchants immediately to send orders to various parts of the world to buy corn on their account. Already we have heard that those orders raised the price of corn at Odessa Os. or Bs. per quarter; and information having also reached Alexandria of the failure of our potato crop, and of the probable defect of our harvest, prices rose there 20 per cent. At both those places prices were before unusually low. The same fact holds good of New York, whence we have not heard since our prices rose, but there no doubt the same effect will take place on the news arriving of the change in our markets. But the rise here, though large, is not au equal per centage to the rise abroad, and the curious consequence is that an appre hended or a real failure of the harvest here causes a greater rise of price abroad than at home. Our markets, which have already declined, have remained comparatively steady in relation to the markets at Odessa and Alexandria. Drawing our supplies now from a variety of sources, our paces will DO deter mined by an average of the whole, and will never fluctuate so much as the prices in the foreign markets. In fact the steadiness of all kinds of prices in our market for some time past has astonished the mer cantile classes. The average price of wheat for the year 1851 was 3bs. 74., and the average price of the three yeara 1849.51 was 41s. sd. The average price of the first seven months of this year has been tkl. Thus we have now had three years and seven montlis, with only one good harvest, that of 1851, during which the average price of wheat has been little more than 405., and never above 44s 6d., and never below 38s. 7d. If we look at the six weeks' average through the present year, week by week, we shall Mid it never to have been above 42a. 7d., and never below 375. 3d. Thus the utmost amount of the fluctuation in the price of wheat since the Corn Laws were repealed is not above ns. per quarter, or not above 20 per cent., not much more in the whole penal than occurred within the last month. This stability is totally different from the gnat fluctuations from week to week, and from year to year, which occurred in the price of corn prior to 1849. The stability in the price of corn,—for the price of food influences the price of all other things,—has been imparted to other commodities. The price of augur, of coffee, and of cotton, are naturally affected, like the price of corn, by varia tions in the seasons. Yet it is only ne cessary to examine any price current to be con vinced that the prices of these, as ot ail other articles for the last thirty months, has been remarkably steady. The cotton crop of 1840 was short, and the price of cotton rose; so in the present year the coffee crop in the Brazils and other places is short, and coffee has risen since the beginning of the year about 4s. per cwt. But the price of food having been steady, no other element of fluctuation besides the failure in these comparatively partial crops has affected their price; and, notwithstanding variable sealants, the price has been comparatively steady. There is nothing now to prevent the prices of these and all other commodities being nearly equalised throughout Europe. A short or a large crop conse quently affects a greater number of ponces,—frugal or rapid consumption becomes the rule of conduct for a larger multitude, and diminishes the fluctuations in price of either a very abundant or a very scanty crop. The consequence is that, with a much larger con sumption ot all the necessaries and luxuries of life than ever was known belore, as is evidenced by the trade returns—tea, sugar, coffee, cotton, timber, &c., having all increased—with imports unexampled in magnitude, and business of all kinds increased in proportion---all the markets of the country have been for months and years steady beyond example. Commercial articles and banking articles in news papers, that used to be very attractive, have almost lost their interest. They are now in a great measure made up by encroachments on the other parts of the journals, and give news paragraphs as their in teresting features. In spite of the great influx of gold, the money market has been as steady as other markets. Interest of money, like the prier of corn, has been low, but since the Bank lowered the rate at the begin ning of the year,—sot leading, but following the market—there has not been a variation of above per cent. in the value of money except for paper for short periods on the Stock Exchange. Money has been occasionally a little tighter, or a little m,re abundant, before and after the payment of the divi dends,—but feeling the stability as well as the fluc tuations of trade,—it has been, on the whole, quite as steady in price es corn. The exchanges, too, though these are affected by Austrian loans and other pro. endings of foreign governments, have been as steady as the money market , and day after day and week alter week the report has been a alight improvement or deterioration in the exchange on Vienna; other rise there is no alteration to notice in the exchanges. Trade, then, as it has increased in quantiti e ,x ie d been liberated from political shackles, has steady, and has given stability to society. Instead of being, as usually represented, a source of alternate prosperity and distrem, it is the equaliser of good and bad seasons, of the abundance of one place and the scarcity of another; and aristocratic politicians' most henceforth seek some other scapegoat for their misrule than the "fluctuations essential to trade." The experience of the last three years, and especially of the last year, fully confirms the theory that trade ensures the stability of the national welfare, and throws an additional degree of guilt on the policy of restriction. Restriction not only impeded prosperity by starving down the community to its own narrow limits, but was the terrible canoe of those fluctuations in the material condition of society that were more injurious to morality and welfare than even node- T iat ng poverty. THE FOIZIOIf COIXERS AT HULL—The three prismen, Johan Mimelfeldt, Carl W , and Minis Mitae,feldt, who have been several times mounded at the Usti police-court on a charge of inanufacturing spurious Coin, were brought up again yesterday. The Prim- Win government has new taken the prosecution in hand, and through the consul at Hall has canoed Mr. Hinder to appear against the prisoners. It would Fenn that the evi dence is hardy . suflkient to bring home the charge of ma. nutscte.ring coin, mill thrift...re it his been det, relined that the parties shall be chum el with having M their poswesion implena.ute used fur coining. This &Argo was preferred against them yesterdsy, and savored +ketones were exa mined. Tbese spoke to the discovery of a complete coining apparatts, with chentexl.s aid ail things necessary for car rying on their nefarious sceupmtion s in a honk, 108, Os burneteereet, of which Weiner acknowledged himself to be the tenant, end in which the twee Mitnelfeldte were found. Several genuine Napoleons, some Premien, Danish, and Ami titan edits were -11. n wised. together with models of these in beg.. and mire —pens of them in nor takes un leather. Mr. D. doc.ele., gul.kmith, gave a detailed account of ii. manner in which ill the implements and chemicals wire u.t d ; sod, after h. tiring all the evidence, the niagis tratis derided on conienitt:ng J. , hsn Mitaelfildt and Wer ner for trial, and, mat le-eating the evidence against Maria Mitaelfeldt conclusise enough, they discharged her. - - - - • A MEETING was ht:lllmA night, at the Belvidere Teter'', l'enton.ille, when ' , witty siva formed; under the Mae ut the Finsbury Knosledie Tar Repeal Association. Ths object of the wavyh to obtain the repeal of the newspaper stamp, sad of the advertisement aid paw duties. 'ME EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING,_ SEPTEMBER 2. 1852 • FRANCE. ~,, t PdAltiott4l7:osrosaseArmir ago v e coif m a li ttat ithdraw the French and Austria* troops Italy, temple of thousand aildiars of the Ann* nattne , were to by left behind to garrison Civita Vecchia, and keep the door of the Roman States open in case a fresh expedition should be called for. A similar proportion of Austrian troops were to hold Ancona. This announcement first ap e in a well-informed German paper, the Poet-titung of Frankest , and was speedily echoed in many quarters. The most respectable organs of the English press held forth the confident expectation that before the end of the year the evacuation of the States of the Church by foreign troops would be effected, and the semi-official organs in France echoed statements calculated to confirm that belief. At the same time, the recruiting going on for the Pope's army in the Jura, in Schleswig-Holstein, and other regions peopled by warlike rues, was in terpreted, in conjunction with these reports, as a sign that the Pope, however obliged still to depend upon bayonets, would at least have the sovereign control over the armed force necessary to keep order in his dominions. Such were the reports adopted very ge nerally in the best informed circles; nor did the Moniteur at that time deem fit to apply the decisive shears of a communique' to these tranquillising hopes. To-day, however, we are roused out of the delusion. The o ffi cial journal contains the following depressing declaration : Some foreign journals persist in announcing ma near at hand the recall of the }rends troops now in garrison at Rome and Civita Vecchia. This piece of news is as devoid of foundation as the commentaries with which it is meow- palsied, and we as ►arm that it is at Rome above all that it will meet with the least credesee. It is some satisfaction to know the truth; however unwelcome. But why was it not announced before, when such rumours were much more rife. We can only conclude that the false impression wee en couraged to hide views which may now be openly proclaimed without danger, or to conceal preparations which were then incomplete. This is not indeed the only indication that the politics of Europe have taken of late a more inauspicious turn. Universal assurances of peace are exchanged with bland pro digality in the diplomatic world, while the popula tions are shaken with instinctive apprehensions of war. As fur the reduction of the French army, of which General Marian spoke as having been re solved by the President, and the substitution of a strong reserve, before we jump at such announce ments, as omens of a pacific policy, let us remember the character of the men of the present government, and the following words of the Prince Louis Napo leon's speech at Lyons: Rumours of coups d'etat have reached you ; but you have not believed them. I thank you. Surprises and usurpa tions may be the dream of parties without any support in the nation, but the elect of six millions executes, and does not betray, the will of the people. We have just seen the Univers, organ of the ultra montane party, treat Belgium as a country already conquered, and say, in the full persuasion of immi nent war : "We ought to anticipate matters, and take advantage of the configuration of places to in vade and occupy Belgium . We eve the Moniker indulging in the abuse of English institutions, and proclaiming war against the English press. We hear the Pays asserting that, for thirty and more years, the governments that have succeeded one another in France have made unheard-of efforts to restrain " the national sentiment," that is to prevent war, and only to reap abuse. The conclusion is that the Pays sees no longer any use in curbing the warlike tendency of France. All these are signs which ought to keep us on our guard against the possible designs of the French government. Experiments have been made yesterday and to day with the the electric telegraph between Paris and Vienna, by way of Strasburg. The closing prices of the Vienna Boum were received in two hours, and this notwithstanding an hour's delay at Strasburg. We read in the l'atrie : The g sent has now received the addresses from the -of all the departments. Two only remain of the Gard and the Centel. There la no °evasion for us to remark on the admirable unacimity with which all demand the consolidation of the liberat ing power of Louis Napoleon. It is felt that ?ranee has spoken. The councils•generals of Corsica however have not yet assembled. Prince Charles Louis Bonaparte, who is at this mo ment attending the scientific congress at Belfast, has been unanimously elected member of the council•ge neral of tho Ile-Rousee, in Corsica. M. Napoleon Bonaparte has been also elected member of the council-general of Corsica, but he has not accepted the office, to which he was named without his having been consulted. The Liberte of Arras has received a warning from the prefect of the Pas de Calais, countersigned as approved " by M. de Maupas, minister of police. This is the first instance of a warning in this form. Several of these persons who have been permitted to return toFrance have found that they have only ex• changed exile for more or less imprisonment in their native country; for such are desired by the prefects to reside in certain fixed places in the interior, from which they cannot move without his permission. M. Leon Faucher has been chosen president of the council of administration of the new company to whom the Bordeaux and Cette and Bordeaux and Bayonne railways have been conceded. The Univers has nearly the whole of its front page filled with an article, the object of which is to increase the subscription that it has opened in aid of the funds to cover Dr. Newman in his defence against Dr. Achilli, and which, the Niter. um has cost 10,0001. sterling, whilst the whole amount of the subscriptions in different countries is only 3,0001. The Usirers announces u an encouragement to per- sons to subscribe that Dr. Newman has already begun to pay the debt of gratitude by saying mama twice a week for his benefactors. Mr. Roney, and Mr. W. Keogh, M.P., bad an in terview yesterday with Lord Cowley on the subject of the Great Industrial Exhibition which is ip be held in Dublin in the month of May next yder. They represented to his excellency how highly advanta geous it would be to the undertaking if a certain quantity of the beautiful articlem for which France is so justly celebrated could be exhibited on that occa sion, and requested his lordship's good Aloes in ens, bling them to attain that result; they referred in particular to the beautiful objects produced at the manufactories of Sevres. the Gobelina, and Beauvais, a few of which, they said, would prove so great an ornament to an exhibition of works of industry and art. Lord Cowley promised to represent their willies in the proper quarter, and I understand that the au thorities have already expressed an earnest wish to afford every poesible facility in furtherance of the object. The chateau, park, and estate of Chantilly, be longing to the Duke d'Aumale, was to be sold by auction to-day. A good many capitalists of Paris and the departments proposed to bid, upon the sup position that the property would be sold in lots. But a report has been current this morning that the Duke d'Aumale has sold the whole estate by private con tract to an English nobleman, for between 600001. and 80,0001. I shall not know before the post leaves whether the sale by auction has taken place or not. The Moniteur contains the contract with Mann. Ardouin and Co. for the construction of the crystal palace in the Champs Elysium. All the principal stipulations were published by anticipation in your number of Tuesday. There are some stringent clauses to ensure the completion of the building within two years, at the end of which time the Petrie says the inauguration will bo celebrated by a universal ex hibition, upon a new plan and upon a scale of grandeur worthy of France. The Prince President of the Republic, by decree of the 28th ult., accords " letters of rehabilitation" to M. Despans-Cebieres, formerly general of division and minister of war, who was condemned by the High Court of Yetis, for having been concerned in the eel , brined bri be ry ease of M. Teste, minister of public works. The (cart of Appeal of Rouen, on Saturday, held what is called a solemn audieuce to enregister the letters. The President of the Republic, accompanied by General St. Arnaud, inspected the military school of St. Cyr on Monday. After reviewing the students, lie p isonally distributed prizes, and decorated three professors of the echooL At the Bourse the Four-and-a-Half per Cents. fell 23c., and closed at 104.60; the Thief, per Cents. rose Isle., closing at 7100. Bordeaux and Teste Railway fell 10. Sceaux, Rouen and Havre, and Paris and Rouen, ar. each; Strrasbourg, 3.73; Avignon, and Northern, 2.76 each; Orleans, 2.60; Lyons, 1.26; St. Dicier and Gray rose 10. - BELGIUM. The Ind4petsdanc• of Brumels contradicts the as portion of the BniannPostios, that the French and Belgian governments, oil the occasion of the literary 'convention, had agreed upon the principle of an ar rangement relative to trade marks. No stipulation on the subject was adopted or even projected. The Brussels journals publish the official returns of the Imports and exports of Belgium during the first seven months of the . present year. The Inde pendence has the following summary of their con tents: The tabular ',tures of the commercial intercourse of Belgium with foreign states during the first seven months of the years 1852, 1851, and 1850 exhibit, aa far u the prin cipal articles of merchandise are concerned, a Mate of our commerce more and more flourishing. The improvement in the general progress of our affairs, far from abating, as. *times every day greater proportions. Transacti,ns in cereals continue to be very great, and still prices are to he considered good. In imports we have to nonce a sustained movemeut in all the leading articles of commerce without exception. Compared with those of 1851 the in-ports during the sure nt veer have increased in the following measure : Coffees, 3,668 kilos.; cottons, 8,041,000 kilos.; rice, 1,817,000 kilos; salt, 2,841,000 kilos; raw sugar, 918,000 kilos; to bacco, unnianu(actured, 678 kilos. The imports of two of these sulkies, namely, cotton and rice, during the first seven months of the current year, exceed those of the twelve month. of 1851. The export column shows several favour able results. The linen industry, taken in its entire extent, has supplied exports exceeding by far in value those which it supplied in corresponding period of last year. Thus, down to the 31st of July, the augmentation was, for coarse goods, 2,754,000 kilos ; yarn, 238,000 kilos ; sad cloths, 622,000 kilos. The exportation of cotton goods has also augmented ; that of woollen, on the contrary, has dimi nished. Of pig iron there is an increased exportation, amounting to 3,337 tons. Upon the whole, the year 1852 continues to show itself under the most favourable auspices, and we may safely say that unless the menthol commerce be arrested by extent) events its result at the ease e of the year will be most remarria ble. GERMANY. (IT ILICTILIC TILIGILAPIL) BERLIN, AUGUST 31. ' In the sitting of the customs' congress held yes terday, Prussia made known her answer to the last note of the coalition sham. In this answer Prussia refers to her former declarations touching the treaty of commerce with Austria. She does not admit that there is need to establish a discussion upon the bases of that treaty before the re-constitution of the Zollverein. Neither does she admit this re-constitution for a duration of loss than 12 years. She fixes the lst of October as the latest time for receiving a definitive answer from the coalesced states. Hanover, Brunswick, Oldenburg, and the Thurin gian states, adhere to this declaration of Prussia. According to the Frankfurter Pust•zeitung the negotiations opened for regulating the affair of the succession to the throne of Brunswick are nearly at an end. The Duke Charles of Brunswick is, it is said, ready to renounce formally his rights to the throne, both for himself and his eventual descendants. In a recent sitting of the Second Chamber of the states of Electoral Hesse, N. Baumann, one of the deputies, proposed that the equality of political rights accorded some time ago to the Jews should be with drawn. The motion was referred to a committee, and on the 27th ult. a report in favour of it wII presented. SPAIN. The Madrid Ga:ette of the 27th ult. publishes the text of the postal treaty between Spain and Austria. It is to come into operation on the let November next. The Daario Esportul states that the negotiations lor a 'limiter treaty with England will soon be formally concluded. The bases of it have, it says, been already agreed on, and Mr. Otway, the English charge d'al laires at Madrid, is paying special attention to the subject. The hiarie announces that M. Jove Gunpo has been charged to execute the railway from Madrid to Valencia. M. de Souza, Spanish minister at Con stantinople, has arrived in Madrid to take the poet of chief of the first section in the first department of foreign affairs. EGYPT. We find the following in the Debals : Accounts have been received from Alexandria to the 21st. The envoy of the Porte, Aflf-J3ey,errived there on the 19th, and on the following day proceeded to Cairo. He is charged by the Divan to hind to the Viceroy the finnan re lative to the introduction of the tanximat into Egypt, with the medifiestiona decided on between Abbas Pacha and Food Effendi, and since approved of by the Porte. This envoy had been expected with great impatient., and se rious uneasiness wee beginning to be felt at Cairo and at Beanah at the little sewn's shown by the Porte to give its official sanction to the oonvenrion of May last; for it was known that Fund Effaudi bad loudly tam, seed Ms dis approbation of the brutal conduct adopted against Said Pacha, and it was feared that the presence of the Prince at Constantinople, when he had been called on to come after his Journey into Europe, might change the good feelings of the Sultan towards the iceroy. Assuredly, the Sultan could not remain indifferent to that inconceivable act of aggression, and he doubtless has not concealed his disapprobation of it ; but it is difbcult to sup pose that this family quarrel could in any way affect the pacific results of the conferences of Cairo. However this may be, the arrival of AM Bay had removed all fears, and we shall shortly learn that the Tansimat has been promul gated with great pomp and amidst fetes promised and long since prepared. THE FRENCH AND THE ENGLISH PRESS. M. Emile de Givardin gives, in yesterduy's (Wed nesday's) Presets, a very fair hit at °turner do Cusagnac. He quotes the beginning of the article against the English press in the Pays of Tuesday (given in another column), changing seven words only. The passage so altered reads as follows : There does than exist in our civilised Europe a country where the liberty of a writer goes to the extent of the right of defamation. There does exist a press which, instead of preaching concord and peace, makes a trade of Insult and calumny, which, instead of appeasing expiring antipathies daily studies to irritate and to envenom them. Yes, that country exists, it is called France. Yes, that press exists, it is to be found in Paris ; and, more serious still, It is a journal of weight, the recog nised organ of a certain political party; it is the Pays,' which has long adopted a system of insults, peril diously calculated sad salaciously written. A few days sines the Press* win compelled to protest, in the name of the dignity of FM. 011 sad of her government, against the malicious imputations of the French print. And yesterday we And la the columns of the Pays fresh iasalts, not only against the men whom popular lmproekimed head of the state, bat also against the mhos. These lines (says Otrardla) are GM textually tram as article, Tigard " Cohen,. ' published at the head of the Pays; we have e i lz= °sly the seven words which are unlined:—tor we have pat France; for London, Paris ; for Them, Pays; for Mossitour, Proem; and for Brilanisigue, He then applies every sentence of the above pas sage to Cusagnac's article, wherein ha stated that but for the row d'etat France would have been the prey of robbers and cut-throats in 1852. This, he says, repeating his argument already alluded to, as fumes that 400,000 troops and 23,000 gendarmerie would hive insufficient to prevent universal pillage and murder. The Pays, by the pen of M. Granter de Cassagnao bas therefore represented France as a nation, the immense majority of whose inhabitants are robbers and murderers. It has thus set the most outrageous example of defamation to the Eng lish press, and has done its best to induce England and all Europe to look upon France with abhorrence. LAROR SEIZURE OF CONTRABAND TOBACCO.— RANSOAVIS, At oval 111.—One of the largest seizures of contraband tobacco which have been made on this coast for many years has been brought to light before the magistrates of this town. Two Englishmen, named J. Gardner and 11. Chawner, and fair Frenchmen, gitiog the names et J. C. Caibi, B. V. Longrein, X. Mermaio, ;and A. 0. Grovel, were charged with being in possession of the Marie, of Dun kirk, on board of which vessel was discovered six thousand pounds weight of tobacco, the duty on which amounted to BAAL It appears that the cruising of the craft in the vici nity of the Downs, ready to make a " run " of it when the coast was clear, came to the ears of the and, afire several searching .raises, the long looked for croft was sighted, and taken on the night of the 19th instant, although mme miles from the land off Marge°. The Akers were informed her name, and' that she was bound to Yarmouth for a cargo of fish. The stores which were lying about tended to favour the belief that she we, engaged in the trade they had represented, but the officers, on ramaeking the vessel, discovered the quantity of tobacco above described. The four Frenchmen • appeared to form the crew, end the two Englishmen, who ' i were asleep at the time of the capture, stated that they had been engaged to bring tho vessel over, and that thee knew nothing of the tobacco. Mr. Beverly, who attended for the Commissioners of Customs, said that as the yew I was not found within a league of the coast he could not suopoet a prosecution against the four Frenchmen, but the two Eng. I lish defendants would be proceeded agsitiat. Eventually the bench convicted the Englishmen in the penalty of 1001. or to be committed to Sandwich gaol, but th e foreigner. were discharged. THE UNITED STATES A telegraphic summary of the follow•iig appeared yesterday in the Express: ARRIVAL OF THE PACIFIC. Yesterday morning, at half-past lO o'clock, the United States mail steam-ship l'acific, Captain Nye, arrived in the Mersey from New York direct, which port she left at noon on the 21st ult., with the usual mails and passengers from the United States and British North America. Tho Pacific carried ninety-three passengers, and 600,000 dola. in specie on freight. She plumed the United States mail steamer Atlantic, hence for New Ynrk, at 11 a.m. on the 21st; on the 27th passed a Cunard steamer, bound west; on the 30th saw a Canard steamer, bound west; and on the 31st saw a steamer, apparently broken down, making for Waterford. The Pacific was detained at tho Bell Buoy, waiting for water, for four hours. Another frightful steamboat collision had taken place on Lake Eric, in which upwards of 200 passengers met a watery grave. Wo annex pur ticulars:— At two o'clock on the morning of the 20th ult., the steamer Atlantic, Captain Petly, came into collision with the propeller Ogdensburg, during a dense fog. Immedi ately after the miliaria, which was very severe, the utmost contusion prevailed amongst the atetra4e and deck maven gem, a very large portion of whom were Norwegian end grouts, and several, it is thought, in the terror and dark ness that prevailed, jumped overboard at once. The pas sengers were all in bed, and the first mate was on duty. Captain Petly, with the assistance of the crew, endeavoured to calm the fears of the passengers, assuring them there was no danger. The steamer kept on her comae, the officers hoping to be able to reach port, although the boat was leaking badly. The wat ,, r, however, gained rapidly on them, despite the effort* of the crew, and by the time they hail proceeded about two miles from the spot where the collision took place, it was found that the vessel was rapidly sinking, the fires in the engine-room being extinguished by the water. The emi granta, who could not understand a word spoken to them, by their cries and terror added to the horror the scene. The cabin passengers, and all who could be made to under stand, were exhorted by the captain and officers to remain in the cabin, and provide themselves with chiles, settees, beds, &c., all of which were patent life-preservers, and would butte them up in the water. Numbers, hue ever, unheeding and not understanding the advice given them, rushed overboard to certain death. At about half-past two o'clock, amidst the wild shrieks of the passengers, the steamer settled and sunk. The propeller had kept in the wake of the Atlantic, and those on board her did all in their power to preserve the lives of the hundreds of human beings who were now seen struggling in the water. The fog was a sad hindrance to their efforts, but some 240 were rescued from the lake, and taken by the propeller to Erie. Captain l'otly, while lowering a life boat, fell a distance of eleven feet into the boa., striking his head and cutting it badly. lie was precipitated into the water, and supposed to be lost, but was picked up by a boat from the propeller after clinging for fifteen minutes to floating pieces of tim, ber. Ile is much injured, and now lies in this city in a pre carious state. Mr. Dana, who was lost, wa.: very illivent its saving the lives of passengers, and exhorted them to cling to the life preservers, when in the water. When the boat went down he took a settee and plunged overboard, but at the same moment some twenty or thirty emigrants le aped over on to him, and he went under. The last persons tam n Irom the boat were Mr. divan, clerk of the boat, and Mr Buell, first engineer. The steamer had then sunk, , all but her stern, and they, with some Illinois passengers, were clinging to a rope attached to a floating mast and the wreck, being up to their shoulders in water. As soon u the shrieks of the drowning passengers were hushed, the voice of a little boy was heard, and it was then first discovered that a child about eight Tears old was also clinging to a rope a short distance o ff . he little fellow, talking to himself, was saying, ° Oh, I can't hold on much longer. If papa was here, he would hold me up." A man from Illinois immediately seized the boy as he was about to sink, lie held Lim for some time, and called out to divan to come to his relief, aa he was nearly exhausted by the weight. divan made an attempt to reach him, but in vain. At that moment the boat of the propeller, loaded to the water's edge with rescued pas sengers, passed, and divan .hailed them, and entreated them to save the boy. Mr. Blodgett, first mate of the Atlantic, who was on board, jumped out and swam to the rope, took the boy off. and safely returned to the boat, lie was thus saved. All the passengers saved by the Ogdensburg had nothing on but their night clothes. Pram the best infor mation we can gain, we are led to belies , that some two hundred lives are lost. There is reason to hope that many may yet be saved on tke life preservers, with which the boat was well furnished. The passengers at Erie held a meet ing to-night, and pawed resolutions thanking God for their preservation and safe deliverance, and exculpating the offi cers of the Atlantic from all blame. An express company had about 60,000 dols., in money, on board the boat. The bat to the Messrs. Wards, owners of the Caspian, lately lot at Cleveland. She was valued at 80,000 dole. and was not insured. All the New York journals (if we except the Herald) are silent upon the fisheries question. The following is from the Waahingtou correspondence of that journal, dated August 20: The committee on foreign relations do not consider that they are called upon to take any step towards a settlement of the fishing matter, believing it to be the duty of the President to take the initiative, and, after the example of General Washington, lay his views belore Congress and osk for advice. In such an event, it is highly probable the British government would early become acquainted with our ultimatum. In any event, unless the British government disavows an intention of forcing her construction of the treaty by an armed force, retaliatory duties will be imposed. The official &deices received by the last steamer by Mr. Ci wanton, it is stated upon what I deem good authority, confirm the opinion that the British government me de termined to press the offensive construction of the treaty, so interpreted by the crown officers, upheld upon all occa sions by the Early Derby, whilst Lord Stanley. The Eng lish government will not listen to any negotiations fur opening the fisheries, unless such negotiations also embrace the whole subject of reciprocal trade with all the provinces. That Congress, in its present condition, excited bye British fleet on our northern borders, and called upon to make concessions almost under duress, will consent to such nego tiations, is out of the question. The fish difficulty most be settled by itself, before any reciprocity measures for Canada will be listened to. It is the opinion of many leading aad distinguished men here, that if England persists in carrying out the offensive attitude, which it is on good authority be lieved she has determined upon, by forcing the headland - con struction of the treaty, serious difficulties must arise. When the subject comes up again in the Senate, it will be seen that recent information has greatly embittered the feelings of that body. England must heck out. Accounts from Halifax, of August 18th, state that the steam-ship Mississippi would sail in a day or two, on a cruise to the fishing grounds. Commodore Perry and hie officers had been invited to dine with the catholic clergy, who, with Archbishop Hughes, and other catholic, of the country, were in convocation there. Commodore Perry stated that his orders were to return to New York as soon as September lot, to join the Japan expedition. it is the general opinion at Halifax that no negotiation with the colonies, for the right to fish within three miles of the shore, will be successful, unless reciprosud free trade is con ceded by the United States. A despatch from Boston states that the English steamer Devastation has taken four American prizes into Charlottetown, and that about one hundred French fishermen have been driven away front Belle Isle. -- - The mail steam-ship, Crescent City, had arrived at New York, with news from Havana, up to the 13th August. The greatest possible excitement existed among the population, in consequence of the daily committal of a large number of Creoles to prison. The following is an extract from a letter from Havana:— Arrests and the searching of houses are of daily occur rence. About seventy persons, up to this time, have been taken up in Havana. A quantity of powder and ball cart triages were discovered last week in the Calaa de San Legere°, nod at Route, in the hossesof persons of no greet note. It is, however, absurd to suppose that these Creoles can in any way oppose the government, and the least at tempt at insurrection will certainly lead to the destruct ion of those engaged in it. Now verrass. The only novelty in this line of policy to which the COMM must now have become accustomed is, that women, who have hitherto been considered exempt from such treatment by all former captain generals, are now, by order of General Canedo, if suspected of entertaining ideas inimical to the government, arrested so well es men. Of course, so tho subaltern officers appear to he clothed with unlimited power, many persona are witted under the most frivolous pretests, their papers seized, and themselves thrown into orison; and although in some instances parties have been almost immediately liberated again (i.e., in two or three days), the satisfaction of being so speedily restored to their families is hardly ajuat compensation fee the fright which such sudden proceedings throw one into, or ter the loss and confusion into which their papers are subiected by the inquisitors sent to overhaul them, in the hope of dims covering treasonable correspondence. Thus the most valuable dvuments, deeds, are carried off by police authorities, who do not even allow you to take a note, much lees give you a receipt for them, and consider themselves by no means responsibe for such as may be lost by their own negligenoe. Assassivations and robberies, attended with unheani-ol atmeiti. s, have recently prevailed to a great ezt-nt about the suburbs end in the city of H . All this arises from the inefficient state of the police, which has become very laz Lore the departure of General Concha, whom all slaves of the community lament as the only man ever sent from Spain to govern Cuba who interested himself in tho welfare of the inhabitants, and who understood best the true interests of the people committed to his charge. The government have not yet discovered the secret press from which is weekly isrued and secretly distributed the sedi tious paper. Never even in the worst time of General Visa's administration ass tha police of Havana so MI tfi. dent as at the pr. ‘i•rt time; it is quite unsafe to he nut after dark, and ass...Mations and robberies the most auda cious are rife at Havana. That you may not be mktsken with regard to our new Captain-General, I inform you of the fact that about UMI negroes from Airier have Inca landed at Ortigosa, in this eland, and that two oonces (34 dollars) per head were paid for winking at this business. The Southern mail has arrived front New Orleans. The papers contain dates from the city of Mexico to the 31st July. The Rebellido insurrection bad given the govern ment great trouble. Retreating upon Iluatusco, lie vanquished a small party of government troops, compelling them to retreat upon Orizaba. lie sub sequently entered Cordova without striking a blow. Ills course has been a triumphant one, and he is supported by the people of his section, and urged forward by a large armed force. He and his adher ents profess fidelity to the constitution, but demand the abolition of the laws concerning the national guard, and the separation of the district of Orizaba from the state of Vera Cruz, At the last accounts he was ready to fall upon Jalapa. The affair seems to be a serious one. A pronunciamento has been made at Guadalajari, and ono is reported to have taken place at Tampico. The Indians have committed new depredations in the state of Zacatecas, murdering and robbing defence. less inhabitants—the papers teem with hon Rile de tails of their execs.( s. The project of establishing a French colony in Sonora appears to have completely failed. Crimes of all kind acre rife in the capital, and most brutal assassinations were not unfrequent. The diligence between Mexico and various points in the interior was regularly stopped and plundered. It would appear from an announcement in the Constilucionot, that the Mexican government has taken some curious and decisive, if nut arbitrary arid dishonest, action in reference to the opening of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec to trade and travel. It calls for bids or propositions for the privilege of accom plishing this result, th • same to be paragraphed by two notaries made under seal and received only if presented by the lath August. After an examina tion the government will then decide which shall be received. Dr. Hines, who escaped from Savannah Gaol, has been recaptured. A terrific fire had taken place in West Troy, leaving houseleas upwards of 40 families, and destroying property to the amount of 130,000 dole. Tho Acre Orleans Picayune publishes n despatch, dated Memphis, the Nth instant, which br'ng, in telligence of the Judi ty of Captain Marcey and Iris party, and adds that they have arrived at Fort Arbuckle. The lowa, Kentucky, and Northern Ohio papers speak of the recent copious showers of rain as having been of infinite benefit to the corn and other lato crops. It is anticipated that the coming corn crop of lowa will be larger than that of any previous year. Considerable excitement exists in Cincinnati among a portion of the German democrats, relative to political matters, some being dissatistie I with the nominations of the democratic convention. Charles Itiemelin was forced trout the stand on the evening of the 20th of August, and pelted with eggs, and fighting continued during most of the same night. to be COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. The New York stock market was remarkably active, and full prices were obtained. There was a g0 , ,a1 demand for money at late rates. Foreign exchange was not particu larly active, but rates were firmer. Bill, on Landon, I lot, 1101, 1101 ; Paris, 6.121 to dill ; Amsterdam, 41 to 411 ; Hsmburgh, 36, to 361; Bremeii, 70 to 701. The cotton market was heavy, and the sales fur the week only amount to 6,000 bales. Potashes In good demand; remit Is very light. The flour market was but poorly supplied, and prices tended upward.. The wheat market was unsettled, sellers de m toiling higher prices, which bti)t ra were unwilling to give. Indian corn was in light supply, but dull, at 681 c. to 691 c. per bushel. Corn meal was scarce, and wanted. Scotch pig iron a a. flrm,aod brought 21 doh. to 21 d015.50c., in lots of about 100 tons; 300 tous English bars sold at 40 doh., six months. Naval stores were unaltered. l'rovi 'ions were dull, although the stock of cut meats was very light. Freights to London:—Flour, ls. 6d. per barrel; naval stores, 2.. Heavy and measurement goods, '2os. to 30s. per ton. _ N.w Oar.naNs, AVOtst 19. Cotton is very dull in our market. Middling is quoted at 9le. 200 bales of the new crop were received to-day. THE °OLD REGIONS. -•- - - The overland mail has brought advices from Syd ney (Now South Wales) to the 3ril of June, and front Mil ' bourne (Victoria) to the 29th of May, being more than I three weeks later than those previously received. As the accounts given, however, dt not extend over the interme diate period, it is possible only to infer the general course of affairs. The rains had set in, and the consequence had apparently been a great increseo in the production of gold at Mount Alexander, the escort thence to Melbourne 'for the lest week having brought a larger total than had ever before been received. The amount was 31,478 ounces, worth 123,0001., and it appears that the party originally started with 37,000 ounces, but were obliged to leave 6,000 behind on account of the state of the roads. Owing to the inclement weather, the difficulty I of getting supplies of _proeisions to the miners wa. very great, and at one period t e rate of cartage from Melbourne wu 901. per ton. At Sydney the accounts from the gold fields were not so favourable, the people having been driven from the Turon by the flooding of that river. From other localities, however, the reports were good, especially from a place called the Hanging-rock, on the Peel river. The import markets continued to be will maintained, and the prime of spirits, salted provisions, fruits, &c., were ex tremely high. Wool was also firm, in consequence of the accounts from England. The quotation for gold was 645. 6d. at Sydney, and 635. at Melbourne. The Sydney Herald of May 29, contains a strong article on the English gold com panies, and alludes to sonic remarkabla circumstances in connexion with them. At the same time the share holders are reminded that if things go wrong they must remember that the undertakings originated in London, and not in the colony. A trial of three men engured in the robbery on board the Nelson had just taken place, and they had all been found guilty. In the Moreton Bay district an agitation was in progress for the separation of that part of the country from the colony of New South Wales, with the view of its being created a separate province, in the same way as was lately the cue with Port Phillip or Victoria. The non-discovery of geld at Moreton Bay, and the conse quent departure of the labouring population to Sydney and Melbourne, were the principal mutes of this movement, the landowners being now d , sirous to get even convict la bour which they were well aware they would not be per mitted to do so long as they were subject to public opinion from other parts of the settlement. MANSLAUGHTER AT LEEDS. An inquest was held before John Blackburn, Esq., coroner, at the Leeds Court-house, on Wednesday, on view of the body of Abraham Thresh, a labouring man, who met with has death under the following circumstances On Saturday last the deceased was working on the premises of Mr. David Williamson, a farmer and innkeeper, redding at a public-house called the " Dog and (lun Inn," York-road, Leeds. Between four and tire o'clock in the afternoon, while engaged iu forking corn upon a stack, h e com pl a i ne d that the stack was too high for him to throw the sheaves up ; on bearing which complaint hi s m as t er sa id t o hi m , "If thou cannot do it, come down, and some body else shall." The deceased at once came down and asked for his wages. Mr. Williamson refused to pay him for • piece of • day,!and some altercation took place. Thresh said to his master, if he would not pay him his wages, he would pay him—meaning, he would fight him. They both walked off into an adjoining yard, when Thrush repeated his demand, and put himself in a fighting attitude, on seeing which his master went to a stable • few yards distance, laid hold of a three-pronged stable fork, called • grip, and with it struck the deceased over the head, knocking him down. When the deceased got up, he leaned his head against a wall for a short time, and bled very much, after which he went into the public house, washed himself, and after receiving his wage., and drinking some beer, he went home. On reaching his own house, about 2 hours afterwards, he several times put his hand to his head and exclaimed, "Oh, my head--oh, my head; I am done." His daughter washed his head, on which was found a scalp wound, and put him to bed, when he became perfectly insensible and speechless, and died on Sunday afternoon. Medical aid was procured on Sunday morning, and the usual remedies prescribed, but without success. Mr. Foster, surgeon, who was ordered to make a post marten examination of the body, said lie found about two ounces of coagulated blood beneath the skull, just under the scalp wound, which had flattened the brain, and caused death. The cause of the injury, he said, must have been either • blow or a violent fall ; and • blow from a stable fork or grip was likely enough to produce the injury which had caused the man'. death. The jury returned • verdict of manvlaughter against David Williamson, the deceased's master, and the coroner subsequently issued his warrant committing him to Yerk Castle for trial on this charge at the next lorkshire assizes. THE NEW HOUSE llurt•.—A return to parliament bu just been issued, showing the number of houses valued at 2W. and upwards, the number of those who pay house tax at 6d. and 9d. in the pound, with other information on the same subject. In England and Wales there are 179,234 houses charged at Gd., and in Scotland 6,377. The amount of duty in England and Wales is 200,182/. 19s. 2d., and in Scotland 5.2881. I Is. 9.1., making 20.i,4711. 10s. lid., at fid., whilst at 9d. in the pound there are 252,213 houses in Eng• land and Wales producing 463,2041. 4s. Bd., and in Scotland 21,095 houses at 38,3401. 17s. Id , making the 9d. duty 601,545/. is. 9d. The total amount of duty is stated at 707,0161. 12a. Bd. The return, which was obtained by Mr. Ooulburn, contains the number of houses in some of the principal towns rated at 101. and other sums. Till Tit Farnil Verb, Bono Staub kept c Town the . e 4 ...- - Het war which prince gentle Het at abn diatel: four U. r by the incmdi authoi The h•d ti bloadl The pant rl nt cutdec be F. I reach 1.1!. s. Lin acted ture,l Deli office i Cros foBKY• cam*: ii Mr. South Heade the 1.)6 Crow slipper of the could r wes 9.: toppro asountl Mr. mail ti oath, r longed 1111:wweal Ivan nm breltk 1 usual before Cro• my 1m 'Fn.; lie II sour. Hun lepolLe inucd le to. Lt thi ion or eras Le tin did nd pr aerth 1 after they h, the en being 1 Alts ‘i i hen meet _-- - The is soli Oo Olaseq ler MI a Par ete for mrern xive t )f Oct( Idelbol tare a ander {lnbar Port fl xt the Q the Itions 'u , Prwokr...r.