The Express. — London, England, 1852-01-21 00:00:00

. 2 gite enireggi. I IMNTS. A wend Melee of "The Kayser," eentalotor .tr MAP error er " Ciereltr," le pahhehre ewq Twiny eel Vtliay sight, in Woe tar peel. Adverosessats Wend./ tor "The thisteen," Lesion Twain; perm imwt b wt tbe Oak*, le, Seevate.etreek, !y Too o'clock es the lay of reblitetlce. MOD WATIR AT LONDON BRIDOR. Tim Ur —Mnteser. Ik. Aftnalsa. Mi. Twoosto. —Marais. A. U. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 21. YESTFRDAT, we gave an enumeration no less startling titan instructive of the flouting garrisons we maintain on the maritime frontiers of Turkey, Portugal. China, Guinea, and Brazil, while our own shores are lett undefended by ramparts either of wood or stone. For purposes of cosmopolitan philanthropy wo keep an armed flotilla of eight ves sels,- —five of which are fast-sailing steamers,—having a total of eighty-eight guns,—off the eastern come d South America. For similar benevolent objects vs keep no fewer than twenty-three vessels of war en the slase-trading coasts of Africa :beside nine ships, including three steamers, at the Cape. Then theist are between the North American and West Indian statiims fourteen ships, out of which five are steamers, bearing a total of 253 guns: while in the eastern Ocean there ate notes' than fourteen vessels, four of them steamers, mounting 286 guns; and in the more remote. Perak:, fifteen, carrying 292 guns. The Lisbon Nitration consists of eight vessel. with 318 guns; amid, finally, the Mediterranean fleet cons runs a furry of six line-of-battle ships of 120 to 78 guns each, two fitly-gun frigates, and nine steamers, which, with lesser craft, make up twenty in all, carrying 780 guns. Now here is an amount of naval power at the dip lomat of a single state such as the world never before raw there may have been a longer list of armed sail in our granafathers' time; but wind and tido l were the n irresistible, for steam as a counter vailing impulse was unknown. But taking all things into account, whether we regard celerity of movement, prevision of direction, or weight of destructive metal, we repeat that Great Britain possesses the most wondrous naval force that has ever floated on the world's waters. Strange and humiliating, that in the same breath we are compelled to own that the seaboard of the United Kingdom should nevertheless lie—as it does at the present hour,- denudedof all pro tection from its natural guard - a ready and a tempt ing prey to any piratical adventure or perfidious coop de main. How is this? Who is to blame? What is the remedy fora state of things so intolera ble ? And how can it most speedily and of be secured? These are grave questions which will mess for an immediate and explicit answer at the Lands of ministers on the re-assembling of parlia ment. Let us endeavour to anticipate a little in what manlier they will be answered. We can readily imagine with what consummate rhetoric Lord JOHN RUOELL will begin to wind up the sentimental patriotism of his hearers in the lower house, on the theme of the "coast in danger." We can fancy the enthusiastic chorus of lordlings and would-be lords which will be awakened by every his torical allusion to " the flag that braved a Hanna years the battle and the breeze." And we art but too readily realise the rollicking air with which Sir eit.times Wow, may offer to whistle away the seri plus of revenue, in order to raise now regiments and commission additional ships for the benefit of the united service, and all younger sons and brothers who are anxious to belong thereto. We have little doubt that every true tory would hail with delight such an announcement. Increased ar maments mean two things in prersenti; be side much more in expectancy. They mean increased outlay among the idle elasses,—and upon the most worthless portion of them whose maintenance in economic times is often burthensome to heads of noble and honourable families. They further imply the probability of some quarrel with somebody or other being speedily picked, in order to give the new battalions something to do--a prospect full of charms to those self-same classes. Then in no distant perspective there is seen gorgeous visions of enhanced prices and augmented customs duties. A corn law was but a substitute in peace for the unlimited blessings of war; and the landed interest would cheerfully relinquish their pauper-spirited demand for protection were they assured of the surpassing benefits of a general European war. It is not in preference that they harass their own people and strip their native fields of the fruits of the peasant's industry. They would rather be let loose against neighbours or strangers, in the Christian-like acquisition of prize-money or other kinds of what is considered honourable plunder,— with the comfortable assurance of pensions, titles, and decorations at the end of the campaign. The military profession is more than sufficiently repre sented in the present House of Commons. But were it not so, the instincts and sympathies of the classes who contrive to make their own of it in the maw, would be certain to insure any proposal for more armaments a rapturous reception from the irresponsible members for uncontested counties and inimutestibly corrupt or controlled boroughs. It remains, however, to ask, how would such a ministerial announcement be received by those who really have been sent by intelligent and independent constituencies to parliament, to watch over their interests, and to defend them against evils from within as well as dangers from without? Both duties manifestly are devolved upon them; and from the discharge of neither can they be exonerated. No good and wise citizen can be indifferent to the obligation which, as a ruler, he owes to the state, of taking all necemary means for its safety and pre servation. No such man will feel himself at liberty to trifle with the integrity of the realm, or to leave at the mercy or =prise of Imam despots the lives and pioperties of a posestal potpie. But on the other hand, no god sad wise_ loginistor will suffer himself to be haaboodsd or bellied into refitting upon his country's auk the blood-stained and blighting yoke in which, (au 1793 to 1815, the landed oligarchy held the native, until its strength bad been wasted, its constitution undermined, its debt enormously increased, and its = s i s s:rt tainted by incessant thoughts of ruthless and mor ale= revenge. We know how many years of peas it took to restore anything like a laniard, morel, or industrial tone to the *yds., prostrated u it was lett at the end of the last Beropess war. We were indeed victors; but at what a cost were our martial triumphs purchased? Have we paid id the in curubrances of that infatuated struggle yet? or do we ever look forward to being able to do so ? We cannot easily forget our eight hundred millions of debt. No : and therefore we say let us in our pinint emergency think, speak, and act as sober-Waded and as honest men. Let us, instead of remak ing blindly into new taxes or new debt is =der to provide gold lace and glory for our idle gentry and nobility, look narrowly into the acted resources we fortunately possess; and see if the, may not be found sufficient for all our real nee& Let the fleets in the Tagus, on the American coasts., and wherever else they can best be spared, be ell once summoned home. If there be positions which wo cannot abandon, let these be still maintained; but let the Quixotic and questionable function of acting as nasal sentry on the courts or (oasts of foreign nations be relinquished, as it ought to have long since been. When England has been made secure,—and her free people can once more sleep in an assured piwce,—then let hoed JORM propose a new tax, or a new loan, to equip a fleet for the we of the Queen of PORTCOIL,--end let him go to the hustings on that hopeful cry. But let not the nation be jockeyed into estimates for the defence of the realm, when we have actually afloat in foreign waters the most powerful and magnificent fleet the world has ever seen. Tim clergyman and congregation of the English chapel at Rouse hare repudiated the authority of their own protestant bishop, on the ground that the Port:, as Bishop of Rome, is sole ordinary of all epis copal churches in that diocese. The jurisdiction of the Bishop of GIBRALTAR is disowned; but it does not appear that the authority of the Poem has been formally acknowledged. These poor people, there fore, for the prrent are stripped of the henefit of episcopal superintendence and favour. They are banging in mid-air between the two churches: hut we hope that, with the help of the fertile brains and ample stores of casuistry possessed by their party, L't • , TUE" E CPR ] o r. t.— iheita ir ve been ab1e...0 lie sortie calliilialeffimorY fie them in their deso The principal agent in the perpetration of this sandal we understand to have been no kis areas*. age than the Right Hon. Dr. Ntenot., lately a maw her of Sir ROBERT PEEL'S administration, and, like several of his most distinguished colleagues, notori . mu for the profession of church principles the wiry reverse of those which were held by their thoroughly protestant chief. It is bad enough to see tractarian follies and sophistries practised at home; it is absolutely humi liating to have the attention of strangers fbreibly drawn to our own shame. Dr. Nicnot is a public man, and he held high office, and he should have remembered that the reputation of their country is at stake to the conduct of official men, before he ven toted, under the very eyes of the Pore and his sharp witted Italians, to play freaks which could only ex-' site their pity or their contempt. Dr. Niettot. and his friends are trying to play at heresy and schism by halves, and that in the pre- Ifenee of the most acute minds in Europe,—men prac tised in every subtlety of controversy, and familiar with the nicest refinements of logic. Our northern understandings are more celebrated for their sound judgment than their acuteness; what, then, could give greater delight to the Italian priesthood, thirsting to avenge the losses and humiliations of three centuries, than to see their adversary abandoning tho strong and impregnable position of a masculine commas scow, and coming down to do battle in the yes fields of casuistry . ? Tractarians were long the sport of an overweening conceit, which made them be lieve themselves to be • fit match for pa LI is dialectics. None but they could cope with ists ; they alone could save tho church of Fe= from the demolishing fire of catholic.. and discomfiture were the natural punishments of this vanity: they lost ono after another of their beet men ; and we imagined that by this time they had learnt to form a saner estimate of their own strength. Dr. ?Ileum. has undeceived us. _ _ _ What has become of the authority of the Roman bishop, which is pleaded as an insuperable bar to the introduction of an English one? He is coolly dis obeyed and set at nought. His lawful domain is in vaded; his jurisdiction is defied; a worship which he judges to be heretical, and a society which attests the existence of schism at Rome (on whichever side the guilt may ultimately be shown to lie), are publicly established. Manifestly, the reasons which are held to justify these proceedings will justify as effectually the full organisation of the intruding society, by completing its episcopal character. It is absurd to strain at the gnat after having swallowed the camel. To commit without compunction disobedience and schism; to set up two catholic churches in the same diocese, and to turn away with affected horror from setting up two catholic bishops; to acknowledge the Pore as the ordinary of all episcopalians at ]tome, and yet wholly and absolutely to withhold all submission to him, these are devices, both of theory and practice, which none but Puseyites would condescend to employ. They are worthy of the men who have episcopal authority ever on their lips, but never scruple to heap insult and resistance upon it, whenever it hap pens to be arrayed against them. Dr. NICHOL must have drunk deeply of the Tree tarian fountain before he showed himself so tender about the jurisdiction of the ordinary. It was very natural for the Bishop of OXFORD to bid the catholics welcome to having chapels, services, schools, and priests in England to their hearts' content, and to pour out indignant cries to heaven and earth when they added bishops to their staff, for his episcopal mind cannot help considering bishops as the only agency of the church which is effective—bishops, alone, could convert England—bishops must be kept out at all hazards. But it does Wm surprising that a layman, and a lawyer too, should have been so deeply impressed by episcopal virtue as to think that a connexion with the Bishop of GIBRALTAR would fasten the guilt of schism on a protestant congregation which,—provided only it rejected the protestant bishop. and professed that the POPE was its ordinary, —might with perfect innocence inveigh against the POPE, and denounce his errors on every Sunday throughout the year. Such are the humiliations which saccrdotalism inflicts on its admirers. But what must the Italians think of these pitiable exhibitions, these wretched attempts to retain ca- tholicism without being catholic,, or, rather, to be catholics and protestants at the same time? They are far toointclligent not to despise such flimsy sophistries; but doubtless the feeling which animates them is one of exultation at seeing their victims struggling in the fatal web of catholic principles. They can afford to forgive the perverseness which disobeys the superior to whom allegiance is acknowledged to be due, and to smile good-humouredly at the inconsistency of the reasoning which does homage to catholic doe tnne, and humbles each year at the Pupal feet a lung array of the sons of proud and rebellious Englund. If catholicism be what Dr. NICIIOL believes to bo the truth, let him have the honesty to embrace it : if protestantism, let him spare his country and his his church the shame of hearing that Englishmen arc untrue to their cause at Rome itself, and stoop to a paltry compromise of principle in the face of its arrogant priests. And can we wonder if, after this, the Vatican will not be persuaded but that England is on the eve of returning in penitence to the sheep-fold from which she strayed? One single proceeding like that adopted by Dr. NICHOL and his associates tells more at the Papal Court than a hundred Ecclesiasti cal Titles Bills, or countless ebullitions of platform wrath. It kindles a fond delusion as to the course which English thought and feeling are taking, and inspires the belief that the vehement outbursts of indignation only betray the consciousness of the great progress which popery is making. Rome thus animated by a strong hope, redoubles her annuli* on England's protestantumi. Papal hulls and organised hierarchies arc sent to invade our land—our peace is broken— our legislation distracted—and our society rent with controversy. It would be some comfort to be able to feel that we were enduring only the inevitable lot of humanity, and were suffering only the hard ships of a contest carried on in fair fight by anta gonistic doctrines. But it is provoking to have all these troubles brought upon us by the folly of weak understandings, blind to perceive the real nature of the contending principles, and incapable of following out their premises to their legitimate conclusion. We dread neither the arrogance nor the wiliness of a Cardinal WISEMAN; but we feel both fear and anger at the unconscious,—but not the real and danger ous,—treachery of such English churchmen as Dr. Manx. METROPOLITAN CONVALESCENT INSTITUTION.- Yesterday the twelfth annual general meeting of the goveruons of, and the suheeribers to. this institution was held at the °More, 32, Sackvillc-street, Piccadilly; W* ens Murray, Esq.; la the chair. The report congratulated the meeting upon the increased member of the subscribers, but complained that from the absence of • suMcient means of classification in their present confined building, it was im. possible to admit children under 14 years of age, or those afilicted with obstinate sores. To remedy this, it hoc been determined to raise • new hospital on • site generously pre. seated by the Earl of Ellesmere. Meanwhile the claims of the Carshalton establishment are earnestly recommended to the public fur their sympathy and support. Iler Majesty the Queen, to secure to the Prince of Wales, for hie life, the right of hissing at all times one patient in the:iusti tittle's, had through Coonnel Phipps forwarded 2.50 guineu to the treasurer. A gentleman under tho assumed name (supposed re) of Charles Inglis hail lodged 7001. to the credit of the institution at one of the City hanks, and the late O. Ilanlinan, Esq , had bequeathed to it in reversion the sum of 6001. Ot 70i patients admitted during the past year, 419 had been (mewl, 243 _greatly relieved, one (a woman) died, and 12 remain. The receipts tar the year had been 2,177/. as. 31., and the expenditure 2,1421.101. 7d., leaving in heed • Aslant° of 741. 13.. ad. The report was unanimewaly adopted, the governors for the ensuing year elected, some other routine business transacted, and • vote of thanks passed to the chairman, when the meet log separated. DrVENCE OF TIRE COUNTAT.-0o Monday even. log a meeting was held at the Albion Hall, Hammersmith, convened by a large number of reapectahle inhabitants of the town, to consoler the subject of making such prepara tions as would render every teem capable of affording loyal aid to his Queen and assisting in the ilefenee of his country, in cam of a sudden invasion. Sir John Phillippart was called to the chair. T. J. Serie, Esq., moved a resolution calling wpm' the government to give their sanction and aid to the 1.11161* and drilling the people, so no to he ready, in me of an ioration, to repel an attack. The resolution was seconded by W. Simpson, Esq., and earried unanimously. Dr. aiskell, of Chelsea, pro,osed that a committee At formed, to confer with the government arid report the result to a future meeting, which was seconded by Mr. Danford, of Nutting hill, and carried. ClLAvnow AND Sount-WrsTERN RAILWAY.— Traffic for tho week ending Jan. 17, 18$2 :-3,142f. 13s. 10d. Correponding week in last year, 3,2041. 2a. Bd. • 41 , .4' A EIENING, JANUARY 21, 1852. wanes formes also the extremely bad effect which such a measure would have upon public opinion. In tho meantime I understand that M. de Luttorf, the son of a former ambassador of the French government at Vienna, has undertaken a journey to Claremont, to warn the Orleans family of the blow which threatens them. With regard to the four ambassadors appointed to visit the great courts, it appears that all the nomi nations previously made, with the exception of that of Count Flahault, are revoked for the present, in consequence of the ministerial crisis, and the uncer tainty of the entrance of Persigny and Drouyn de l'Huys into the cabinet. Count Flahault will go to ono of the northern courts, and not to England, where he complains that he was very ill received on his late visit. If Persigny does not enter the ministry ho will probably undertake a special mission to England. do great is the horror of the government of all free circulation of opinion, that a decree has just been issued by the prefect of police, prohibiting manufac turers and vendors of printing presses, lithographic presses, and copying machines, from selling the above "dangerous machines," without taking down the name and address of the buyer, which name is to be immediately communicated to the commissary of police of the quarter. This regulation will be very effectual in deterring those who might be disposed to write circulars to the free and independent electors in favour of any opposition candidate. The decorations bestowed upon the Ministers of Public Instruction and Commerce are merely pre paratory to other promotions to a higher grade in the Legion of Honour, as a compensation for their dismissal. For the present, one of the moat important organic laws, that on the press, is laid aside, owing to the difference of opinion prevailing on an important point. The more despotic fraction of the cabinet want to give the executive the power of suspending journals by a decree, without subjecting them to trial by any tribunal. The more moderate ministers sug gest that the newspaper press might as well be ex tinguished altogether, as left thus defenceless against arbitrary power, and warn their absolutist colleagues against the bad effect which such a measure would ' have on public opinion. It appears that a change has come over the Presi dent's mind with regard to putting into execution the decrees of transportation. It seems at present doubtful whether any more convicts at all will be transported to Cayenne. Meanwhile, orders have been given for the Duguesclin, at Brest, and the other ships destined to convey the melancholy freight of political prisoners, to wait for further orders. This change of counsels seems to have been brought about by the marked disfavour with which the severe mea sures of the government have been received. M. Devine, the professor of anatomy, and son of the representative of that name, imprisoned at Belle isle,l have already in fanned you, was arrested for being a member of the Socialist Electoral Committee, and comprised among those doomed to transportation. In consequence of an application numerously signed by the faculty in favour of M.Deville, the latter has been pro mised his liberation from punishment, on condition of renouncing polities,and abjuring all opposition to the government. The same conditions were offered to M. Lacharebaudie ; but I understand that the spirited author of the fables, rejected them with disdain, and preferred the most dreadful of all punishments short of death, to subscribing to such base terms. The family of his deceased wife have taken charge of his two children. M. Vasbenter, arrested on the morn ing of Dec. 2, and doomed to transportation, leaves at Paris a young wife and his mother and sister. I need hardly say that M. de Moray's electoral circular to the prefects is the universal theme of con versation. This document contains the first announce ment 1 have yet seen that no functionaries will be allowed to sit in the Corps Lecislatif. If such a pro vision were destined to secure the independence of that Assembly, it might be praiseworthy. But from the rest of the circular it plainly appears that the government aims at destroying whatever independ ence the deputies may derive from holding their mandate directly by universal siiffrage by interposing to dictate the election of its own nominees. The local influence of the administration is directed to be pointed against the election of eloquent men, or poli tieians,or even of those who bear an old family name, if such, indeed, come forward. The qualities indicated in a recommendable candidate are good sal far as they go, but are more significant as intimating those which are to be the badge of exclusion. Thus,l by pointing out the man who has made his own for tune by work, industry, or agriculture, it is hinted that new men are more acceptable than those who inherit an influential position. Where ever the government candidate is elected, ts.-.e deputy merges his character as a repre ecutative in that of a nominee of the executive. Thus the prestio of a Chamber based on universal suffrage will be effectually sapped. The partizans of the government arc to be dissuaded from forming electoral committees. Why? Simply to prevent the opposition from forming such assemblies. Of course the local administration serves all the purposes of an' electoral committee on the part of the government, while there exists no overt means of canvassing for an opposition candidate without organising such a body. The systematic abuse and cynical sneers which never fail to be directed whenever opportunity offers against the government or July, arc lavished with a callous assurance in this circular. Thus the odious abuse of influence under restricted suffrage, the indiscriminate bestowal of decorations, the un scrupulous system of corruption, are all glanced at with a tone of austere innocence, as if the bushels of crosses gazetted in the Motaileur of to-day were all bestowed with the strictest regard to meat; and as if the coarsest means of corruption had not been re sorted to by the achievers of the coup (Mat. In conclusion, M. do Morny recommends civility, fa cility of access, and popular manners to the emplay4s, not as a means of doing good, but of conciliating fa vour to the government. But, of all this singular composition, that passage is the most consummate in point of assurance which declares that a government which has proscribed and persecuted all free utter ance is firmly decided to respect all consciences. Among the most ungracious features of M. de Morny's circular is remarked the discourteous allusion to Oen. Cavaignac's failure in the election of 1848. I am informed that the Duke de Bauffremont has declined, in a letter couched in scornful terms, the dignity of senator offered to him. I lately mentioned a rumour that the receivers general were to be abOished, and their duties trans ferred to the Bank of France. The anatitalionnel, on this subject, says: A rumour was in circulation some days hack that the government intended substituting thu service of the Bank of France fur that of the receivers-general. It is un neecessary to say that such news reposes on no foundation. Tho idea of confiding the service of the Treasury to the Bank is not new, having been several times proposed is the Constituent and Legislative Assemblies, and the debates on several occasions showed that this charge, impossible in tho present state of things, would, if it were practicable, be attended with inconveniences and dangers for the Treasury. The impossibility of the pretended charge is clear from this one fact, that there are 86 departments, and only 2i branch banks in them. As to the Batik establishing new branch banks, it is notorious that the bank is opposed to any such step, for this reason, that several of those now existing do not pay their expenses. Notwithstanding the objections hero made, a new branch bank has just been opened at Troyes. Intelligence has been received of the steam-frigate the Cassini, which arrived about the commencement of November at Macao from Reunion (Bourbon). This frigate had found in tho roadsted the Capri climate corvette, and some days after both vessels set out for the coast of China, having on board M. de Codrika, the French charge d'utfaires ad interim. The ob,ect of this proceeding was to apply to the mandarins for the liberty of two missionaries ar rested contrary to the provisions of the treaty of Wampoa, which permits the exercise of the Roman catholic religion in that part of the Celestial Empire. i The two vessels were afterwards to cruise in the I Chinese seas to put down the pirates who infest those latitudes. The Marquis de Turgot, Minister of Foreign Af fairs, and M. Lefebvre Duruff , , Wended yesterday the last meeting of the sanitary conference which has now been sitting for six months in Paris. The Mi nister of Foreign Affairs paid a high compliment to the zeal of the members, taking occasion to assign to M. Barnette and M. Buffet the idea of this confer ence. The minister congratulated the members on their labours having led to a sanitary convention and system of regulations, which would establish unifor mity in the quarantines, and in the sanitary admi nistrations of the Mediterranean. He expressed a hope that this result of their labours would be se cepted by Ma different nations interested in the question, and concluded by dating that the Presi dent of the Republic, wishing to mark his sense of their exertions, had conferred on each member of the conference the Cross of the Legion of Honour. M. David, the president, having returned thanks for the kind attention of the President, the proceedings terminated. The Brussels journals announce the arrival in that city of MM. Emile do Clirardin, Joigncaux, Esquires, Noel Parfait, Saint-Ferreol, Pascal Duprat, Antony Thouret, Charassin, and other ex-representatives; and they add that 400 French refugees had arrived or passed through Belgium since the 2nd December. They also say that M. Base has applied to the Bel gian government for permission to be inscribed in the list of advocates at Liege. Two sergeants have been condemned to death by the court-martial in Lyons for cowardice, when acting against the insurgents in the department of the Wine. The members of the court, however, hnme mediately signed a petition for a commutation of the sentence. The President of the Republic has promoted Col. E. Plieureux, late aide-de-camp to Marshal Soult, to the rank of commander of the Legion of Honour, in compliance with the dying wishes of the marshal. The Massager of Bayonne speaks of a serious pro ject for a railway between that town and Bordeaux. A company is forming, and the gmernment look fa vourably upon the scheme. The railway to Stras bourg will certainly, it is said, he open all the way in August. Quick trains will then go from Paris to Strasbourg in 10 or 12 hours. The Prince Murat is the Grand Master only of the Masons belonging to the Grand Orient of France. Those of the supreme council of France (the ancient accepted Scotch ceremonies) still have the Duke Dc cases for their Grand Master. Two orphans, named de Coussey, hare been admit ted, by the prefect of the Vosges to the list of children to be brought up at the expense of the state, upon the ground that they are descended from the family of Joan of Arc. The performers of the opera are getting up a pcti- tion to the Minister of the Interior for the revival of their pensions, which were abolished in Is3o. It is intended that the senators, the councillors of state, and the members of the Corps I,egiaratff, shall all wear regulation costumes, not only during their sittings, but on public occasions and at full dress pri vate parties. The dress of the senators will be very rich. It is of course to be in the style of the empire. It appears, therefore, thot M. de Morny's disclaimer of theatrical display in the new legislators applies only to spouting, and not to histronic dresses and decorations. A grand review in the Champ de Mars of the army of l'aris is now definitively announced for Thursday. Most of the superior officers will sport their new shakos, in which a spread eugle will usurp the place of the Gallic cock. Saturday next is now fixed for the first ball at the Tuileries. Yesterday was the last day allowed to the national guards of Paris for delivering up their arms. They have been given in without hesitation. About 130,000 muskets are in course of being sent to the fort of Vincennes. At the Bourse the Five per Cents. fell 95c., and closed at 103.15; the '1 hue per Cents. fell 1.70, and closed at 66.03. This is the second consecutive day that the fall in the Three per Cents. has been greater than in the Fives. Bank of France shams fell 23fr. Railways fell considerably. Rouen, 151 i.; Mar seilles, 12fr. 30c.; Central, life. 23c.; Northern, Bfr. 75c.; Lyons, bfr. 73c.; Orleans, and Tours and Nantes, 7fr. &De.; Havre, Mr.; Dieppe, 3fr. SPAIN. MADRID, JAN. 15. *The Clamor Publien, the Esperanza, and the 06- serrador, have been seized. The neighbourhood of Madrid has recently been visited by a snow storm, more severe than has been witnessed for many years. The snow fell for two days so heavily that all the roads were completely blocked up. The diligences from Segovia, Santan der, Valladolid, Salamanca, Leon, the Asturias, and Galicia, were all obliged to stop at Guadurama, a distance of about eleven leagues from Madrid, it being impossible for them to proceed any further towards the capital, and so many private carriages were also stopped there that every house was filled. Such an unexpected influx of strangers to the place caused some consternation to the inhabitants, as a scarcity of provisions begun to be felt, when a sud den relief was afforded them. The king had been overtaken by the storm on returning from a hunting excursion, and some hundreds of men were set to cork to clear him a passage through the snow. As soon as this was effeted, the diligences and other carriages availed themselves of the circumstance, and pursued their course to Madrid. SWITZERLAND. From the accounts given in the Swiss journals, it appears that the winter has been very severe in Switzerland. On the 28th ult. the thermometer stood at 18 degrees eentigrude below zero at St. Gall, and at 20 degrees at Appeasell. The lake of Zurich is entirely frozen over. At Fribourg, the river Serino is said to be frozen over, except where it is very rapid. What is remarkable, is that the cold is said to be less intense on the mountains than in the valleys; the temperature is milder in the Grusre than at Fribmrg, and at Altorf than on the slopes of St. Oothard and neighbouring mountains. ITALY. PIEDMONT. The Piedatontese aa:•tle of the 17th inst. an nounces that the Hon. Mr. Ralph Abercromby, En voy Extraordinar7 and Minister Plenipotenuary of Great Britain in ruin, left the night before for the Hague, where ho is going to represent his govern ment. The Intendant-General of Genoa has issued regu lations concerning the refugees residing there. All "political emigrants" of whatever nation they may be, are within eight days from the 20th instant to present themselves at the office of the questorship, there to declare the time when they arrived at Genoa, the place of their domicile, whether they possess the means of existence, and whether they exercise any trade or pi ofession. All hotel keepers and proprietors of furnished lodgings are, within 24 hours, to send in the names of all the foreigners who arrive at or leave their houses. A permit to reside in Genoa will be furnished to the refugees, in which the place of their domicile will be mentioned. Thev will not be permitted to change their domicile with out giving notice. They must always carry their permits about them. Searches will be wade in hotels and lodging-houses, and all who may not have conformed to the new regulations will be arrested. No political reasons are assigned fur these regulations. The preamble of the decree states that individuals usurp the quality of respectable emi grants, who are people of bad reputation in their own country, and come abroad to rob. The two Chambers were, ou the 16th, occupied with financial discussions. The Risoryimeuto announces that tho differences between France and Morocco are likely to be ar ranged, owing to the efforts of the Sardinian c o n su l at Tangier& LOMBARDY. Twelve more military mentenees have been pub fished nt Verona. A Venetian countess of the ancient house of Halhi figures in the list; she is sentenced to four months' imprisonment for having spoken con temptuously- of the government. DENMARK. The ltamburgh journals announce that the council of state in Denmark has ratified the treaty con cluded between the Count Bille-Brahe and the great German powers relative to the affairs of Schleswig- Holstein. THE BISHOPRIC OF JERUSALEM.—Tho amount given by the King of Pru , sia to the supp ct of the protestatnt bishopric in Jerusalem amounts to upwards of 125,000 doh.. (about 18,0000, out of which sum the actual bishop re ceivea his annual italary of 4,200 dol.. (about GAL). 'l'nn ARCTIC EXPEDIVIO:I.—Ii has been notified to the engineers at Portsmouth that volunteers are required for the steam-veasels fitting for the Arctic expedition, about to proceed to Wellington Channel, to make further search for Sir John Franklin and the missing navigators; and k unst of the engineers have volunteered for that service. 1' F THIS DAY'S NEWS. ''ll r, NV MILITARY REGULATIONS. TELEGRAPH.) FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDINT. PARIS, WEUNRSDAT MORNING. The decree of the Provisional Government on the recruiting of the army, ordering that voluntary en listments could only be for two years, is abolished. Tho duration of voluntary enlistment is fixed at seven years. The names of the banished ex•representatives, Chums, Cholat, Millottc, and &dentin, are erased frum tho army list. PARIS, TOUSDAT MOUSING. The Minister of the Interior has addressed tho following important circular to the prefects on the approaching elections of the Corps Legislatif: Monsieur le Prefet,—You will soon have to proceed to' the election of the legislative body. This is a grave opera tion, which will either be • corollary or • contradiction of the vote of December 20, according to the nee which you will know how to make of your legitimate influence. Imbue yourselves with the idea that universal suffrage is a new and unknown element, easy to gain over (conyairir) to a glorious name, unique in history, representing to the " Yes " of population authority and power, but very difficult to fix on secondary individualities; so that it is not by following the old erroneous ways that you will succeed in this task. I desire to make known to you the idea of the head of the state; you see that the oonstitu ' titan has meant to set aside all the theatrical dramatic part of assemblies by interdicting the publication of the speeches. By this means the members of these assemblies no longer absorbed by the effect to be produced by the words which they utter at the tribune, will be more intent upon doing seriously and plainly the business of their country. The electoral law will pronounce certain disqualification ; the situation of functionaries in a political assembly is always delicate ; by voting on the side of power, they diminish their own character; by voting against it, they weaken the principle of authority. The exclusion of functionaries, the suppression of all indemnity, ought neces sarily to limit in a country when fortunes are so divided as in ours, the number of men who may wish or be able to fulfil this mission. Nevertheless, as the government is firmly decided never to use corruption, direct or indirect, and to respect all consciences, the beat means of securing to the legislative body the confidence of the popu lation, is to call to it men perfectly indepen dent by their situation and character. When a man has made his fortune by work, industry, agricul ture, if he has busied himself about ameliorating the lot of his workmen, if he has rendered himself popular by a noble use of his fortune, he is preferable to what is maven teeny styled a political man. for he will bring to the compo sition of the laws • practical spirit, and will second the go vermin:at in its work of pacification and re-edification. As soon as you shall have indicated to me in the couditions above-mentioned the candidates who appear to you to have the beet chance of uniting the majority of suffrages, the government will not hesitate to re commead them openly to the choice of the electors. Hitherto it has been the cunom in France to form electoral committees and =Minas of delegates. This system was very useful when the vote took place accordingly to the scrulin de lisle, which excited such a confusion, such a ne cessity of actinic in concert, and coming to a common un demanding that the action of a committee was indispen sable; but at the present time such meetings would have no sort of advantage since the election will take place in a single name ; they would only have the inconvenience of creating premature ties, and appearances of acquired rights, which would only hamper the population, and take away from them all liberty. Therefore, dissuml the partisans of the government from organising electoral committees. Formerly when the suffrage was restricted, when the electoral influence was divided between certain families, the abuse ore these influences was odious. A few ill-deserved decorations,-4 few places—were able to secure the success of an election in • small college. It was natural that this abuse should revolt consciences, and that the abstinence of the administration from all osten sible interference should have been insisted on. Its action, its preferences, were then occult, and by that very reason compromised its digni y and authority. But at the present time by what favours is it to be imagined that the goy, roment could *educe this prodigious number of electors ? By places 1 The administration of France has not code,, sufficiently vast to contain the p potation of a canton. By money i Without speaking of their honourable susceptibility the whole public treasure would nut suffice. You remember, on December 10, 1848, to what the result !AMC to of all the efforts of the administration in favour of the candidate for the Presi dency who was then in power; that was s because with universal suffrage there is but one powerful Mullen.' spring, which no human nand can compress nor turn from the current that directs it; that spring is public opinion; that imper cerible, indefinable sentiment which abandons or accom panies governments, without their being able to account for it; nothing is indifferent to universal suffrage; it appre ciates not only acts but it guesses tendencies; it forgets nothing, forgiv i nothing, because it has and can have but one moving principle, thu egotistical interest of each indi vidual; its sensitive to everything, from the great policy which emanates from the chief of the government, down to the minutest proceedings of local sdnainistration ; and the political °Anion of a department depends more than may be thought upon th.it spirit and cordnct of its administration. For a long while past the local admi nistrations have been subordinate to parliamentary exi- genres ; they thought much more about pleasing • few ' influential men in Paris than of satisfying the ►egitimate interest of the communes and the population. Those times, happily, have passed away. Let it be well understood by all functionaries that they are carefully to occupy them selves with the interests of all; and it is the hum blest and the weakest who is to be welcomed with the most eagerness, the most kindness. The best policy is that of considerations for persons, facility for interests; bureau cracy is not to suppose itself created to make objections, to set up obstacles, and to cause delays, while it is instituted only for expedition sad regularity. If I attach so much importance to these details, it is that I have had opportu nities of remarking that inferior agents often think they increase their own importance by making difficulties and embarrassments. They do not know that they arc sowing melodic:time and unpopularity for the central government ; this administrative spirit must be radically modified, that depends upm you; enter with firmness upon that path. Be assured that then, instead of seeing enemies in the government and the local administration, the people will only see in them • support and an assistance. And when you shall come afterwards, in the name of the loyal and paternal government, to recommend a candidate to the c►oice of the electors, they will listen to your voice, and follow your counsels. All the old accusations of opposi tion will fall to the ground before this new and simple policy, and people in France will in the end understand that order, labour, and security, can only be established iu • durable meaner in a country, under a government that is listened to and respected. Receive, M. le Prefet, the assurance of my distinguished The Minister of the Interior, A. Di boast. The Peerie Gaya : No dukes has as yet been coon to relative to the period foe ories=this deputies to the legislative body. The will be allowed laths AGMs oniadidatas. f= los bur essmarsd. to maim from this olmildoiss the moditim of essidmos. We think we can airs Andra that as alaitivespama his as yet been fixed in ' what mimes to the sow lowislotios he the press. Ws have even roma for belie,* that As definitive decision of this qualm will sot bo isms to for some days. ' On the progooklea of the Minister of Public Works a &tam io poonolgated granting two millions of francs for the notithation of the high roads. In the draft of the bedrt he 1852 the government had demanded 4,000,000 francs for this purpose ; but the National Assembly only allowed 2,600,000 francs. It is to restore the two millions thus retrenched that the present decree is passed. The report of the minister is addressed " To the Prince-President of tho French - Itopublic," and addresses him by the title of Monseigneur." Another decree increases the number of the Hygienic Council, recently appointed for attending to matters of salubrity in tho department of the Seine, from 12 to 15. . . A third decree repeals the ordinances of May 18 and September 1, 1843, regulating the weight and dimensions of certain Indian cloths called " guineas " fur the trade of tienal. A fourth decree orders the sale of the site of the oldlasaretto, at.llarseilles, the proceeds to be devoted to the construction of a new Isearetto. Among other improvements of the same port is ordered a system of aqueducts, for the purification of the old harbour. M. Antoine Bonaparte, ex-representative of the people, has just set out for Italy. TVZSDAT To-day the Bourse was greatly agitated by the rumours which prevailed of the probable retirement of M. Fould from the cabinet, and the entrance of M. de .Persigny. I have already dwelt on this subject in previous letters, and explained that the motive of the ministerial crisis is the decree ordering the confiscation of the pro perty. of the house of Orleans. I still hear that, if M. do Persigny comes into power, it will be the signal for promulgating this spoliatory or dinance. The reported retreat of Fould makes naturally in immense sensation, as ho is regarded as the last obstacle to measures of the most serious innovation in the financial depart ment. I mentioned already on Saturday that M. Fould wanted to give his departure from the ministry an honourable motive by opposing the project of confiscation. Probably the Minister of Pi- GERMANY. 7. The enemies of the constitution M are ULLIN indefatig l abl e . The result of the late debate is regarded as ma w encouraging than otherwise, and new projects f t revision atilt( ar every day. A pamphlet is to-day circulating among the members of the find chamber, tending to show that the future composition of the first chamber, half elective and half hereditary, ba t h as the constitution has organised it, and such a s it will, in the ordinary course of things, exist is Aitgu b t, 52, cannot respond to the end proposed for attain ment. The author argues in favour of the fumin g . Lion of the entire body by the King. A Silt:shu t journal states that it has been seriously delait c d iq the ministry whether or not the government should propose the abolition of Articles 6,71 to be of the constitution treating of the first eliamber. In the New Prweamt Gazette I find a petition sigind by one hundred country squires, urging the Own ber to call down its own annihilation. The cote.t.i. tution, it is argued, was the frtsr gift of the King. Ile therefore will not revoke it without being ea. pressly prayed to do so by his penitent people. Th e nation then declares that having seen the fallacy of constitutional institutions, and tieing mind by bard experience of its folly, it prays the chamber to under. take an essential modification of the constitutio n , such as will bring back Prus s ia t o i ts o l d sys tem of representation by estates, and after wards ask the sane lion of the King t o the arrangement. Another petition is signed by 100 members of rural communes, and concludes with the prayer that his Majesty will deign to *l ee , himself and alone, the reins of government, and only take the consultative ad% ice of his faithful estates when this shall appear necessary. To such a pitch has this anti-constitutional mania attained in the high tory party, that even the ultra New Ptowia 4 GaZeite finds it necessary to come forward in defence of the Chambers. It says: We hear it esccrtcol that for the restoration of the monarchy nothing is necessary but the al.litien ./1 lire chambers. It is said the King must again goyim aleue, Certainly, we wish it alas; but, as the. King cannot reig n alone everywhere, the question is another—namely, with whom and through wh om is h e to govern WWI the chambers and officials, or by the officials alo ne ? We are not able, unfortunately, to write in eulogy of the Prussian official class and its political conduct in gine. rub, and feel no particular desire to sum.niler at discres Lion to the domination of the bureaucracy. Were the chamber, much worse than they are, we vivid not give them up for this pawn, that they form a counter-balance to the all-powerful bureaucracy ; and if the chamlars passed yet worse laws than they have dune, we must yet declare that every law has come out of the ehamlkr much better than it went in, and we should have Men much worse off had the laws, as drawn op by the re ceived the royal sanction without the interposition of the legislature. Faulty as is the composition of the chambers, yet we must recogiese them at this ex the best pos. bible representation of the country, and we have not yet seen any practical plan proposed how they are to be im proved. To throw away what we have before we get any. thing better is not a policy to be recommended, especially as the crown, at this time, should cherish and sjun:c n.ithiag su much as those institutions through which it as brought into living connexion with the people. VIENNA, Jay. 13. The customs congress is understood to be ac•irely deliberating. The Prussian minister, Jet. Arnim, has applied officially to be allowed to watch the proceed. ings, and a promise has been given to keep him in tortned of the current deliberations of that body. The congress is to continuo sitting six weeks. Rather more unity and good feeling is mid to pre vail among the members than was expected, and Prince Seftwarzenberg has conciliated opposing in terests and the jealousies of the petty states with good deal of tact and ability. The nominal object of the congress, to effect a treaty with the Zollecrein which may eventually lead to a general customs*union, is perfectly German, and• suited to the people he is dealing with, and their way of doing business. If the cabinet of Vienna had proposed at once to effect the bold measure of $ general union it would have hardly found a sup porter. The Austrian press complains loudly of tho hostile tone of the newspapers in Prussia towards the objects of the congress. The German fleet may he considered as no longer existing. Prussia has agreed to support it for a month longer to see if any arrangement can be come to res; , ecting it, and then will probably take entire possession of the ships as having the greatest lien en them for advances. The Statthalter of Lombardy . has published a notice, that all kreuxer coins bearing the date lhlfl or 1848 will be refused at the government offices; but they are still to be allowed a circulation in pri vate transactions up to the end of the present year. The loss on these coins will be about 2.000,000 florins to the public. The ministry of agriculture and mining has•given orders that several of the imperial forests shall be al lowed to grow undisturbed for a series of years to furnish materials for the naval department of the public service, which is just now looked upon with more attention than it deserves from Austria, which newer can expect to become a maritime power. 'flute men-of-war have just been bought of 'turkey by this government. There appears to be a very hostile feeling growing up between Austria and America, and there is a report about certain despatches of a very cunous nature having been recently sent from the govern ment of the United Staters to Vienna. This feeling is worth mentioning, beeause it has only arisen lately. But a few months ago very friendly relations were existing, and one of the Austrian archdukes actually set to out on a voyage to New York, and was only delayed by a violent fever which seized him at Trieste. It appears that of the diplomatic notes sent by tho absolutist governments to London, demanding the ex pulsion of the refugees, only those of Russia and Austria were actually delivered, the Prussian note having been held back in anticipation of a minis terial crisis, and nu the retirement of Lord Palmer* ton a telegraphic despatch was immediately for warded from Berlin to London, instructing the Chevalier Bunsen not to deliver the note of Prussia. A letter from Berlin announces that 31. Arnim Heinriehsdorf, Prussian minister at this court, is about to be recalled by his government. A very angry feeling is stated to have been occa sioned in Hungary by a project of the Minister of the Interior to establish a renal colon• there. The resentment of the Hungarians, however, dues not seem to have had any c&ct in averting the threatened indignity. The colony . is to be esta blished on the same footing as one in Holland, and guarded by a cordon of invalided soldiers. By an order recently issued, the civil officers of government are no longer obliged to wear their uni form off duty. For all officers in the army or navy, however, the regulations are to continue as strict as ever. Government have purchased twelve powerful loco motives of the English house of John Cockerill and Co., at Scruing. Prince Metternich appeared the other evening (for tho first time in public) at the Cu-ilk - Al bail given by the Arch• Duchess Sophia, mother of the Emperor. I lANOV EIL In its sitting of the 16th the chamber took into consideration a motion by an opposition member calling upon government to give to M. Bothmar. its plenipotentiary to the Federal Diet, the most express instructions upon the necessity of maintaining the constitution of IslB and the Irovinet,tl organic las!. This proceeding of the opposition owes its signifi cance to the fact that M. Bothmar is one of those who with other members of the equestrian order, Signed the petition to the Federal Diet impeaching the cow otitution and the organic law as infringements upon their rights. fhe minister Windthorst maintained the prerogatives of thecrown in naming and instruct ing its representatives, hnt declared that the govern ment fully comprehended the necessity of upholding the constitution, and would act accordingly. la opposing the motion the ministry hail the supfft of M. St ilve. The motion was, however, earned bya majority of 38 to 31. The Prosaian Gazette of the lffth inst. co ntains . a semi-official notice on the decision of the Feder , t l respecting the Germanic fleet, which has ceased to be the property of the confederation since January 1832. 'Chose German states which desire to form 3 squadron fur the North Sea have taken Ikk4SC,4lOll of the ships, vs Welt are commanded by six Belgian -; officers; they will provide for the general current expenses until some decision shall have been come to 11 upon the maintenance er dissolution of the fleet In the latter case, the other German states which have contributed to its formation will be iudemnitia The 17th. M irho wE noken ging'B The I St. Vlai hanker, f o reign The' to 5, 9 ° 4 naval t English impeller retroact m ode is . . A let e eeh s the boa' millions part pa: went pa less thu last foal for the resfve, court scut lying the ii Mr. 1 to bel on th awl Wfle 'yet d , said, be de hou, and s hour ti( undo day.- bin, 'llw . Prince for tom and the pane e( called of fnreii The the ine Society and oil not suit to dire route, further are fan the put holds. rily int on orb The Merse% dap' I stunbe PART i per Co b per Cu 4 per On 4,4 do. 3 per Cr: . &W Ua an. DO. Do. Platinum --- (left bee 632 ; SirsAbou 292 SU; SOO; Mr Vii: 95; F Shame M 1 Bnlba, IHZ ; I I Per& Tut even* the-Fl Music eidetic curing WRS COI