The Express. — London, England, 1853-05-30 00:00:00

tilt ervreols. TO CORIINSPONBENTB. f lite Lipton.' coati'. sag the Mile 0,1%00 .6..e:te," every Tl:ew:ay end End., sight, in Um' lee ont• I too tomtit. inletded foe TM Karroo." Lon.lca Evening papa, be a Or • nitoE, le. gonvorio4triot. by Two (Mod. on tbs W of .A.blatatior. HIGH WATER AT LONDON FRIDGE. Tu. DA —Moribilit. 7.. Nub ...--Aftersens. 1%. 24ra. T.Aloaacw—Jaatulaa. M. 9 3 . 400. LONDOY, MONDAY MAY 30. PRINCE MENCIIIKOVE has at length taken his de parture from Constantinople. Authentic intelhgcnce of the fact reached this country at a late hour on Saturday evening, and during the interval which has since elapsed communications of more th . a n ordinary importance have, we understand , been interchanged between the British and the French Governments. Wit et the precise effect of these communications may have been must necessarily be for the present a matter of conjecture, but of their character and tendency wo are not permitted to entertain any reasonable doubt. The answer given by Lord J. e ltussu.t. on last Friday night to the questions put to him by Mr. I Halt %ELI, regarding the affairs of Turkey, leave no room fur question but France and England are acting in concert, and that the two Governments have already intimated to that of Russia that they will cot tolerate any wanton outrage against the I'ortc, or any attempt to upset, by a coup tie ut2tn, the balance of power in Europe. It is probable that ere this the French sqqadron Las arrived within a few boars' sail of the Golden Born ; and its presence there will interpose an in superable barrier to any hostile movement,--if such should have been rashly prcjcctcd, of the Ituseian fleet recently stationed at Sebastopol. The force under the command of Admiral LASUSSE consists of nine sail of the line besides steamers; and what ever the numerical superiority of the Russian fleet may be, there can hardly be a question as to its absolute inferiority in point of strength and skill. It is scarcely possible, indeed, to imagine that the Rus sian commander would bring his ships advisedly into collision with those which sail under the tricoloured flag. On the other hand, there appears to be good ground for believing that the armaments lately collected at Odessa are not only more nu merous but better equipped than was at first supposed. It was pr rbably earlier and more correct information as to the strength of the corps trarnat'o ostentatiously placed under Prince 3lescuitioev's command that led Colonel Rosa several weeks ago to suggest the movement of the British fleet from Malta. 'rho subsequent duplicity of the Muscovite envoy and the misleading assur ance* given by M. Bausiow in Londcn and M. Kle tt:LEY in Paris, seemed, it is true, to falsify the ap prehension of the English charge trafaires at Con stantinople, but the event has more than vindicated the promptitude of the measure recommended by Colonel Rose. Three ships of the line have within the last fortnight been sent to reinforce our squadron at Malta; and it is generally understood that Admiral DIINDAS is no longer without orders. If we are to pay for a fleet in the Mediterranean, we may as well have the honour and advantage of its presence in quarters where it may be of some use, rather than have it idly anchored during the summer in the harbour of Villetta. We say this in no desire or anticipation that our flag should be unfurled in useless menace in the Greek waters. On the con trary, it is just because we are confident that its pre- 1 sence there would give the best chance of honourable peace that we wish to bear of its arrival at the mouth of the Dardanelles. Whatever refinement of diplomatic courtesy to Russia may have induce& Lord ABERDEEN to withhold instructions from Ai. miral DUNI - US up to a certain period, theme can be no pretence for any further prolongation at such questionable deference to the humour of the CIA R. The ministerial organs, which so long occu pied themselves in panegyrics of the magnanimous and merciful NICHOLAS have within the last few days been campelled to own that the British and French Governments have been thoroughly du and deceived, and the most abject flatterer of Wenn* despotism is now compelled to admit, that if the treachery of the Russian Court was really intended to cover projects of actual aggression upon Turkey, the promptitude of the French Government in sending its fleet last month to the Bay of Salamis, evinced more wisdom than the complaisance which has hitherto detained the British squadron in the port of Malta. It has always been clear that any determine fine of England and Franoe, promptly and plainly shown, wottld effectually intercept the blow aimed at the head of their ancient and unoffend ing ally,—the uplifted hand of Russia would fall silently and sulkily, perhaps, but still without any actual attempt at violence of any kind. The only real danger of as open rupture has always seemed to consist in beguiling the CzAst into the supposition that the powers of Western Europe would quietly look on whilst the SULTAN was robbed of his inheritance. Pusillanimity however, clothed in the garb of philosophic isolation and indifference to the quarrels of otheis, is alike unworthy a great nation and its Government ; we feel that neither our people nor their riders will ever willingly merit the reproach, bat it is necessary that they should not seen seem to do so. The but use of the possession of arms is to be able to pre vent others from wantonly or wickedly abusing them. And the best means of preserving to ourselves and our neighbours the inestimable benefits of a general peace, is peremptorily to interpose with a strong hand wherever our interposition can prevent the outbreak of unjust war. In the npble and manly task of shielding the Porte from 1110povite rapacity, an honourable jealousy may well animate the British and the French people, lest either should appear to fail in performing their part on the occasion. The feeling of all that is generous and brave on both sides of the Manuel is that for the sake of European peace . andpublic right we must never be unprepared to resist, if need be, designs which are at variance with international justice. TURKEY. Prince Menchikoff left Constantinople on the 22ad with his suite, but not with the personnel of the resident embassy. Yesterday (Sunday), the Moniteur contained the following article to which the first place was assigned in its non-official columns: " The government has received news from Constan tinople, dated May 20th. The Ambassadors of France and England, the Minister of Prussia, and the Charge d'Affaires of Austria, had concerted to make in common a conciliatory attempt, but their endeavours were not successful. Prince Menchikoff persisted in claiming a guarantee of the immunities of the Greek church. It was rumoured that the Russian Ambassador proposed to quit Constantinople on the night of May , 21. " Another despatch from Vienna announces that Prince Menchikoff left Constantinople on the 22nd for Odessa. "Notwithstanding this intelligence, it would seem difficult to believe that hostility should follow the rupture of diplomatic relations between Russia and the Ottoman Porte. Against such a result our guarantees are, on the one part, the wisdom of thei cabinet of Petersburg and the as which it I had recently given to all the courts of Europe ; and on the other, the law of nations, which does not re gard as • COM belli the refusal to accede to a demand for concessions and advantages not stipu lated for by anterior engagements." It was expected at Constantinople on the 22nd, that 31. Ozeroff and the personnel of the Russian em bassy wouldfollow Prince Menshikoff immediately. Our Constantinople correspondent writes : TIM news from CHINA alleges that the English, French, and American representatives had yielded to the request of the Imperial Government for assist- 1 asce, and had engaged to protect against the forces of the Chinese insurrectionary leaders the cities of Shanghai and Nankin, and also the entrance of the great canal, near the last-named city, which forms i the great channel of commercial intercourse between ' the rich southern and the poorer northern provinces i containing the capital. If all this be true,—aban- i doting the French and Americans to their own whims of imagioary profits from intermeddling i in the internal affair* of a foreign country,— I we have no doubt that our own diplomatist has committed a great blunder, to say nothing of his acting at the same time in direct contravention of the policy of his Government as expressed in Par liament. Let any man of common diplomatic sense look at the state of affairs in China as described in the accounts brought by the Overland Mail, and we think he will not fail to come to the same conclusion with ourselves. A native insurrection had been in program for three years, and an insurgent army, defeating one army of degenerate Tartars after an other, had advanced from the 24th degree of latitude, where the rebellion was concocted, up to the 32nd, where the last accounts left it laying siege to the an cient native capital, both known to us for having given name to the fabric that formed our fashionable nether garment A years ago, than by its geography, hic tory, or statistics. The left wing of this army la at the city of Wosung, 400 miles distant from Nan 'n I t and lying on the same river, the greatest and t e best, not only of China, but of all Asia. The insurgents, in fact, seem to domineer over the richest half of China, and to be in occupation of all the southern portion of the empire, except a strip of the sea-board, which they are stated to avoid invading and stbduing in order not to come into collision with the European nations, and espetlially with our selves—to them, at lease the most powerful of all. According to the last news, the insurgent force, after just defeating two imperial armies, was within ;00 miles of Pekin, with, apparently, nothing but rooted and discouraged troops to oppose them, and with the certain prospect before them of establishing a native dynasty, and of expelling the intruding . e and its militia. Seven hundred miles, with the rincipal resources of the Empire behind them, CONSTiNTINOPLB, Ms: 15. On Friday, the day before yesterday, Prince Men- , chikoff was expected at the residence of the Grand Vizier, where Rifest Packs and Mehemed Pacha ' awaited his arrivaL Instead, however, of attending this conference, the Prince went direct to the Sultan without apprising the Sedrazan (Grand Vizier) of his intention to adopt such a proceeding. The latter, not thinking it proper under the circumstances to submit to such an outrage, at once resigned his office, and when the Prince, on leaving the Sultan, was about to wait upon Mehemed Ali, he was informed that that dignitary had divested himself of his functions and could no more receive him or entertain diplomatic re lations with him. The Sultan, informed of what had taken place, accepted the resignation of his Grand Vizier, but immediately nominated him to the ministry of war, and with a view to increase the diplomatic efficiency of his council, modified it as follows : Mustapha Pacha, Grand Vizier; Mehemed Ali, as before stated, Minister of War ; Mehemed Resehit Pacha, General in Chief of the Imperial Guard, with a scat and deliberative voice in the council ; Reschid Pacha, Minister of Foreign Affairs ; and Itifaa t Pacha, President of the Council of [State. 'All these events took place within four hours, as I can affirm, having been an eye-witness of all the movements which caused and accompanied these changes. It isjust to Mehemet' Ali Pacha to attest that in this aihsir he manifested the complctest self-posses sion and a profound sentiment of patriotism. Since yesterday the diplomatic circle here has been greatly agitated. The Russians are very pressing, but I greatly doubt that they willattain their end. I persist in believing that supported by France and England. Turkey will come with honour out of this unjust and unequal contest. Another of our correspondents, waiting also on the 15th, having related the change of ministry, says: Lord lkdcliffe, it is confidently stated, has been more than usually active within these last few days, • and assumed an attitude proportionate to the gravity • of the situation. It is moreover generally asserted, that he has availed himself of this favourable oppor. Cannot be a difficult Barth It s men t" in nine I tunitT to tarry oiit ;Lc avowed and friendly- inten months' !e . time, have alresdy advanced froM the tions of our gove.nms.nt—by urging the r.4 . ptioa of I marshes and fastness of Quangsee to the Cite of a bold anti libernl policy in regard to tb.e Ra.; s li s ,, Nankin, a distance of at least 1,000 miles. The in. and the rellailnulg,ition of a tdisimet * t tide to that surrestiou, in short, seems to bp ii keg contempleted iffect: - ..rhis expediot would broueelo4-4n,bly remove national movement, and its lipid and trukAglianl alit:awl tcomPliiiit — al l 11169 ,1; isM foreign inter progress shows that it has he iepport gf thipeeple,, vend" n.be, •at the. same time, a triumphant estranged from the MANCROO dynasty by its feeble- reply '.to the preteasions, of the Rassian envoy. nem, corruptions, and exactions. Yesterday, soon aftel sunrise, the house of Now, every one knows what en Oriental revolt* Mustapha Pacha wP.'s literally thronged with visits • ending in a revolution, means. It is in the cast what of congratulation and his elevation to the highest a reform bill is with us, and a simple unsuccessful I dignity under the ' crown has been hailed by all as insurrection is equivalent to a petition to Parliament an event full of hope and an earnest of better days against a grievance. The Eastern nations have had, for his country. A happier choice could not pos time immemorial, no other means of reforming their sibly have been made. Mustapha Pacha is ems- Government, than axebellion. One of these great nently qualified to advise his young sovereign. reforms is at this moment in progress in the greatest Moreover, he is well known as a patriot, a liberal, and wealthiest of the Oriental nations, and here are and a thorough reformer ; but, what is besides of we, in violation of the law of nations, of justice, and the greatest importance, he is in a position to speak of common sense, stepping in most impertinently out his mind on all occasions without reserve , being and foolishly, with a poor attempt to stop what is totally independent of office and its emoluments. inevitable. The effort will assuredly be to carry Reschid Pacha also was visited by Lord Radcliffe beyond the measure of its present unpopularity the and by his other numerous friends and adherents. Tartar dynasty, and to make enemies of the future He is unquestionably and above all others, perhaps, rulers and their subjects. If our diplomacy has eminently qualified for the department or foreign many been such as it is represent d, it must be pro- affairs, and precisely what is required at the present nounced as at once both stupid and mischievous. juncture. Let us, however, suppose the present insurrection The following is an abridged but faithful tremolo successful, and a native Government established over tion of the reply of the Porte to the note in which the whole empire, and then glance at the results to Prince Menchikoff first demands a guarantee for the our own commerce—which, we must remember, is of rights of the Greek Christians. great annual value, the principal import being Opium, PRINCE MENCIIIIOFP . B NOTE. the principal export Tea. Nine millions a year of the ee yire er M j r a i i n ster i lor c P b c; i r i e o ika s n trrai , r ) ; r e kaowledges the re national revenue depnd on these two commodities, Z se l d r the sa es ine s elith attention's, as the 16th in s h trio l us b lo- as teafurnishing nearly two-thirds of that sum to the Bri- '- cements by which it is accompanied. Inumuch as the tisk and opium one-third to the Indo-British treasury. Ottoman government is desirous of maintaining the friendly A sonsiderable amount of disorder must follow the relations at present existing between Russia and the present insurrection, detrimental to commerce, but ,Port• i and inasmuch as, above all, his Majesty the Sultan we are satisfied it will fall far short of that which ;.2vualryiTprexiouisetohiastealpoletrha s t h : s bjw i t :n a d tg i to t streng t hs n h g s t s hon ss took place on the establishment of the existin long existed s between him and his Majesty the p Emperor M I MANcitoo dynasty. The last was a conquest, whic h Russia, the Sublime Porte, conformably with the duties began in 1616, and did not' end until 1644 ; and, in- of a good neighbour, is firmly resolved to regulate amicably deed, it was not until 1683 that the great island of all matters connected with the demands of Russia, in as far Formosa fell under the yoke of the Tartars. The saanidtiiind"rikle.sweet s o r d si l e w4t t li t o s ut catAstro i m ss ising the interests country, in fact, was laid waste by fire, sword, and I n rip e ly ' gibe different points contained in the document famine for at least 30 years; so that its population sanexed to the note of Prince Menchikoff, the Minister 1w was no more by census in 1643 than 150,000,000, in- to observe, in the first place, that the Sublime Porte by no creased by near two centuries of peace to 360,000,000 metns objects' todso:a6rm its decision adopted in a late in 1813. The impending revolution, being a na- ' re a rn e ie re g p tit, =lnks p il g rims,s;td retia :we'll°. demands rch c* an n d . depot movement, cannot be attended by any hospital at Jerusalem. such direful results. It will be attended only by The Sublime Porte and his Majesty the Sultan have the expulsion of a comparative handful of strangers, always considered it a duty to preserve intact the religiose denuded of the military virtues of their shepherd rights and privileges accorded to its subjects, but Russia forefathers, enervated by inaction and plenty, and a m e e v n e u rth i e n le:ar d ear to inf h t e o doubt rsei :!i l e iss sincerity iess o i f ed th s e h e l e tt se s ti; become mere drones in an industrious hive. If the should be g guaranteed. As, however, his Majesty the pride of a native Chinese Government be not wounded Sultan considers it a sacred duty to maintain perpetually the by wanton aggression on our part, it will, we privileges of the Greek., as well as of all the other subj.'ss think, be its natural wish to conciliate us by a more of his empire, there is not thy smallest intention of destroy liberal intercourse, and the result must be the stria- ittgattriet; maintenance. bit, e n contrary s t ,hosceensse u r r s is tfon w g " s h n o: i tt ses all p e s ra s. - sion of our commerce—a source of wealth and re- cal the friendly sentiments and confidence existing between venue to which no Chinese is insensible. It appears Russia and the Sublime Porte, it is nevertheless manifest certain that our tea trade and tea revenue are not that one state, by signing an engagement with another, in likely to suffer much disturbance. The insurrection a ratter so internal, would entirely destroy the basis of its has already been in progress for three years, and, In Tli p e end Sublime Porte which has voluntarily maintained from notwithstanding, every year the exports of tea are the earliest times the rights and privileges accorded to its increasing. Last year we find that they exceeded by subjects, and above all to the Greeks, and will continue to three millions of pounds those of any former year. preserve and maintain them in a like manner henceforward. Although the insurrection was in the midst of In renewing ones more the assurances of its unalterable the green tea districts ; there has been no want r o es: t o lti m o a n n ia .a th ti t g reg r e i e n t i , a t y he iti Otto st m n l n n government nu o respect iisd e s andir of green any more than of black tea. It must be regard for the Emperor and his government. the interest of every Government of China to protect PRINCE MENCIIIKOFF'd REPLY. the growth and the trade in tea; for from this article, Prince Menchikoff acknowledges the receipt of the Minis. in the shape of transit and export duties, it derives a fir's note, April 213 (old style), and expresses the high sa tisfaction which he has experienced at the sentiments of large branch of its revenue. friendship and regard manifested therein by his Majesty Assuredly the Indian opium revenue does not the Sultan towards the Ezperor of Russia—as well as the stand on so secure a footing. Paid by strangers and assurances of the Porte of its desire to strengthen those not by subjects, it is in its very nature a precarious bonds of amity which unite bath governments. He is, how fiscal source, on which no well-conducted and pin- ever, compelled to express his astonishment at the want of dent Government ought implicitly to rely. it •raftenee dan evinc e d li they demands,he Posrs s'unchseasfusesi" to ac cede to d amounts to about one-seventh part of the financial his note. Thu mistrust displays itself principal) in the resources of British India; and its loss, with the suspicion of the Porte respecting the intentions of Russia— unelastic and unimprovable revenues of India, were supposing them to be of a nature calculated to infringe on it to perish—and an accident might destroy it—lndian the sovereignty of his Majesty the Sultan. bankruptcy, or recourse to the pockets of the people unwilling ha H se e s is wsede s te t recu ears s r f to h the caus s e s s and motives wh d ich of England, would be the alternative. There seems, the future lot and welfare of si th s e u 'i v aste a rn ase lfriTtians. as His however, in so far 48 consumption is concerned, no mission is only to negotiate and to come if possible to an risk that the people of China should cease to consume amicable understanding on these points with his Majesty a drug which they are now well ascertained to have the Sultan. However, he would feel himself under the used for a period of 350 years, or from the first Oetcemton:atiyi o f p considering sesndsps h ss is i ts s a l io i n n aLanen refusal—bit d— in ease is still Sie appearance of Europeans in their waters. The risk disposed to allow for the consideration of this matter sno t° the Indian revenue arises from the growth of the thee term of delay ending on Saturday, May 14. poppy, and the manufacture of opium, being legalised The following is published in Galignanes Mes by- a new Government in China itself, which pos- sersger as part of a letter from Vienna, dated May messes the soil, the climate, and the cheap manipula- 24 :—" From the moment that it was convinced that lion necessa ry to its production, at as cheap a rate Prince Menchikoff had made demands upon the as any province of British India. Were such a measure Porte which, if granted, would virtually deprive the to be carried into effect, the Indian Government Sultan of his sovereignty over a large portion of his would no longer get 1301. for a chest which is subjects, the Emperor of Austria did not hesitate to intrinsically . scarce worth 301.; and Chinese con- instruct his ambassadors in Paris and London to de sumer* ceasing to consume Indian opium, the Clare that he would faithfully execute with France 3,000,0001. of Indian revenue would be annihilated. and England the engagements into which Austria Indian extravagant* ought to contemplate the pro- had entered for the maintenance of the independence bability of such a malt and integrity of the Turkish empire. Believing, however, that Prince Menchikoff had exceeded his instructions, and thinking that the tions of the French and English al e = would suffice to prevent j any result injurious to the just rights of the Sultan, and having a ggranteful remembrance of the recent services' wadered by the Emperor of Russia to the throne of Austria, a great desire was felt to abstain from lain any active part in the affair, unless a strict MIS at duty should prescribe a different course. Thismas the real cause of the apparent hesitation of the Ambles cabinet, and not a secret treaty between Rossi& and Austria, which, according to rumour, was catered into in 1849, but which really never existed. This delicacy on the part of Austria has been fully appreciated by the cabinets of Paris and London, and it will be agreeable to them to see the hope of a retractation or disavowal by the Emperor of Russia, manifested by the Austrian government, realised be fore the departure of the Baron de Bruck. Of the sincerity of Austria in her declaration that she will cordially concur in all that is necessary to secure the independence and integrity of Turkey they have no doubt." A letter from Aleppo, of the 7th, says: "The Porte has just ordered our Pasha to form a tribunal of commerce at Aleppo, composed of European and native merchants, to judge the affairs in dispute be tween the Franks and the Rayas. This prudent measure is applauded by the European commercial men, who always found difficulties thrown in their way by the merchants of the country." The Sieck has received a letter, dated May 15, which confirms the news that the Sultan is about to accord additional liberties to his non-Mussulman subjects. We read in the Courrier de Marseille, of the 26th : " Admiral Stewart, the new second commander of the English fleet in the Mediterranean, arrived yes terday at Marseilles. He immediately installed 'himself on board the Caradoc, which is waiting for a courier, who is expected every instant with new instructions for Lord Stratford de Radcliffe. THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVEITINO, MAY 30. )853. FRA.NCF. PARIS, Suankt Ettanio. The grand review at Versailles to-day was in great measure spoiled by the weather, which was cold and wet. The Emperor, who is usually extremely punc tual, did not arrive at Versailles till an hour after the appointed time. It is probable that in the morning some idea of countermanding the review must have j existed. Bet about half-past one, the rain having then ceased for a while, tho Emperor, accompanied by the Duke of Genoa, entered the court in front of • Versailles Palace, in on open carriage. Ile instantly mounted on horsebeck and advanced to the group of generals waiting to receive him. In less than five minutes from his Majesty's arrival the brilliant cortege was in movement towards Satory. The Lake of Genoa wore aiguillets and a black plume. As the Emperor reached the ground the rain fell heavily, and showers, accompanied with a cutting wind, fell with but little intermission during the review. As the troops had been under arms for' many hours, it was desired to spare them as much as possible, and but few movements were executed. There was no firing of any kind. As the troops marched past, they cried " Vice l'Empereur" with as much unity and precision as they displayed in all the rest of their military duties. The ground was exceedingly heavy, and the artillery movements were necessarily slowly executed. Just as the review was over, the Empress entered the field in an open carriage. She was looking exceedingly pale said thin, and much astonishment was expressed at her venturing out on such an inclement day. As soon as her Majesty appeared, the Emperor rode up to her carriage, and after a few minutes airing on the plain their Majesties passed through Versailles together to see the grandee came play in the gardens. There were to have been races, but these were postponed on account of the weather. It has been much noticed as a symptom of the prevailing disposition to revive all courtly habits, that the intimation given that the Emperor would "see with pleasure" general officers not on duty join his suite on this occasion, was confined to generals of division. When Louis Napoleon mado I his triumphal entry into Paris, on the day of hie ' proclamation, generals of brigade were included in ' the invitation to meet him at the Barridre de l'Etoile. _ _ _ _ _ _ There is to be a ball at St. Cloud on Tuesday, to which the members of the Corps Legiolatif are invited, and most of them will postpone their departure from Paris till after that day. There is a talk of a matinee dansante for to morrow to be conducted by M. Strauss, who will leave to fulfil his new duties at Vichy immediately afterwards. It is said that the Emperor has promised the Duke of Genoa to use all his legitimate influence in favour ' of the Lombard refugees, many of whom were for merly intimately connected with him at the time when he espoused the Italian cause. French in fluence with Austria is, however, according to all appearances, very small at the present moment. According to the latest intelligence from Germany, one of the consequences of the Eastern complication has been an alliance between Austria and Prussia, who have agreed to pursue one identical course of policy, both foreign and domestic. This promises badly for German liberty. More stringent laws against the press and an increase of the powers of the police are said to be among the measures concerted between the two powers. The Journal de Francfurf, contra dicting some recent reports, affirms that Austria has not the least intention to relax the decree of se questration against the emigrants. The Minister of the Interior has granted a pen sion of 600 fr. a year to Madame Balsa% tho mother of the distinguished author who died two years ago. The Prcase in its weekly Commercial review says: "The situation of commerce is regular. Busineu is gradually becoming more active in the manufactories, and if the purchases for the provinces are not more consider able at the present moment, that symptom can only be at tributed to the present fecilitles for communication by railway. Formerly provincial tradesmen made their pur chases twice a year, either through the agency of travellers, or personally in Paris. But since the railway system has become more extended in France, journeys are more fre quently made, opportunities of transport are more easily tound, and consequently lem stocks are kept in hand than formerly. There are many men who used to lay out 100,000 fr. for spring goods, and who now boy but 30 or 40,000b.wotth at • time, and replenish their warehouses as they effect sales. They home thus the double advantage of having a constant succession of the newest fashions, and being able to trade upon lees capital. The cabinet molten in the Faubourg St. Antoine are exceedingly active. They have had a good winter and have searcelyfelt the dead season. Several considerable exports of Pa ris articles have been made this week to England, Spain, Rum's, and the United States, and the foreign agents continue to give orders which will ensure full work for several months. Our departmental manufacturers have for some time been compelled to diminish production on account of the high price of raw materials, but consumers ere now reconciling themselves to the laureled Tau s, and there is consequently much more manufacturing activity in the province". PARIS, SATURDAY EVINING. The trial of the "foreign correspondents" was brought to a conclusion at a late hour to-day. The court has in the main confirmed the judgment of the tribunal of correctional police, which sentenced the prisoners to short periods of imprisonment with trifling fines. It has refused to aggravate the sen tences or to pronounce the prisoners guilty of be longing to a secret society, as it was asked to do by the public prosecutor. It decides, however, that the introduction into France by the post of slips cut out of a prohibited foreign journal is tantamount to the introduction of the journal itself; and that the prefect of police did not, under the circumstances, exceed the powers conferred upon him by the Code of Criminal Instruction, in breaking open the prisoners' letters in the Poet-office. The absurd decision that the Duke of Rovigo and Count Alfred de Coetlogen were unlawfully iu pos session of " munitions of war," because some family relics, such as, for instance, Marshal Savary's sword, were found in their houses, is reversed, "considering the nature of the arms, and the circumstances of the case." The sole charge confirmed against the Duke of Rovigo is that of having applied a nickname to the Emperor in Tortoni's Cafe. Some variations are made upon technical grounds in the decision of the court below as to the solidarity of the prisoners with to the payment of fines and cats; bat the judgment contains nothing else of interest. No report of the trial, beyond the text of the judgment, will be allowed to be printed ; but M. Stadion Barret has published a professional opinion on the sanctity of the Pest-office, in which the legal argu ments advanced by him upon that point may be found. I understand that MM. Odillon Barrot, Hebert, andDufaure, spoke out quite as boldly as M. Berryor. M. O. Barret characterised the prosecution as an attempt to make the judges accomplices in the destruction of the miserable remnant of liberty which in the present "abject state of France" was yet left. M. Procureur-General Roulland liked his case so little, that after some general accusations against the counsel for the defence that they wished to erect in ' that court the political tribune from which they had been driven elsewhere, he gathered up his papers and went away, Waving his substitute to battle with an opposing bench, on which sat no less than four ex muusters, and among them two ox-ministers of Louis 1 1 Napoleon himself. "he session of tha Corps Legislatif terminated to day, the very general expectation that there would be a further prolongation not having been realised. In the course of the sitting the house voted the bills for prohibiting the wearing arms in Corsica, for the conversion of the communal and departmental debts, and for the restoration of Articles 86 and 87 of the penal code. This latter bill has been so altered by the committee from its original terrible character, that, so far from being a law for the revival of the political guillotine, M. de la Guerronniere, in hie re port, describes it "as the definitive abolition of the political scaffold by Napoleon 111. and the Corps Legislatif." This extravagant attempt to attribute to the Emperor the glory of an act of the provisional government, which he has in vain endeavoured to abrogate, is very much laughed at. The bill, as now passed, is as follows: Art. 86 of the Penal Code. The attempt (allental) against the life or person of the Emperor is punished with the penalty of the parricide. The attempt against the life of the Imperial family is punished with the penalty of death. The attempt against the person of the members of the Imperial family is punished with transportation to • fortified place. Every offence against the person of the Emperor, com mitted publicly, is punished with an imprisonment of from six months to fire years, and with a fine of from 500 f. to 10,000 f. The guilty person may besides be deprived of the whole or part of the rights mentioned in Article 42 of the Code fur a tattled of time equal to that of the imprisonment to which he has been sentenced. This limo dates from the expiration of his imprisonment. Every offence against thu members of the Imperial family committed publicly is punished with an imprison oast of from earl mouth to three pars, and with a Ras of from 100 f. to 5,000 f. Art. 87.—Tao attempt, the object of which is either to destroy or change the government or the order of succession to the throne, er to mite the citizens or inhabitants to arta against the Imperial anthotity, is punished with the penalty of transportation to a fortified place. MM. Guyard-Delalain, Baron de Montreuil, M. de Belleyme, Lanquetin Taillifer, and the Marquis de St. Croix obtained leave to day: to print the speeches delivered by them on the civil pensions bill and the budget. The substance of Lord Clarendon's speech was known on the bourse to-day, and produced a good I e ff ect. There were many fluctuations, but upon the whole it was thought that the Eastern question was more the pretext than the cause of them. It is not true that the Russian Minister went to St. Cloud yesterday. Ten individuals under surveillance of the police, declared by M. de Maupas to have broken their ban, have just been removed from Limoges to Brest, I preparatory to their transportation to Cayenne. The Bank of France has announced that it will henceforth make advances at 3 per cent. per annum upon grains, such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, and lucerne, colza, and clover seeds, deposited in ware houses designated by the direction . At the termination of business to-day the pub lic funds bad again lost a portion of the advantage obtained the preceding day, and during the day prices underwent very sudden changes : the market for cash was so much better supported than that for the term, that an interval occurred during which purchases for the account for sale for money could be advantageously effected. The concluding quotations were :—For cash : Three per Cents., 79f. 95e. ; Four-and-a-Half per Cents., 102 f. 60 c. For the account:—Three per Cents., 79f. 85c.; Four-and , a-Half per Cents., 1021. 50c.; Bank Stock, 2,700 f. , I A considerable decline in prices occurred in the railway share market yesterday. Closing prices:— INortherns, 902 f. 50c. ; Paris and Orleans, I,oBof. ; Paris and Strasbourg, 922 f. 50c. ; Paris and Ly s ors, 945 f.; Paris and Rotten, 1,115 f.; Lyons to the I terranean, 762 f. 50c. ; Western of France, 765 f. ; Rouen and Havre, 525 f. ; Bordeaux and Cette, L 635 f. ; Caen and Cherbourg, 630 f. SWITZERLAND. The court martial at Freiburg has completed the trial of the emesitiers of April 23rd. The cure of Torny has been sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment, and the subordinate actors in the plot to terms of imprisonment varying from 12 to 18 months. The patricians, clergymen, and other members of the Posieux committee, who were arrested on a vague suspicion of complicity, have been acquitted. The federal council had on the 22nd come to no resolution on the altered relation of the confederation towards Austria. ITALY. The Opinion of Turin quotes a letter from Milan of the 22nd, confirming the intelligence that the re fugees are to be distinguished into three classes, and adding that the delegations have been instructed, in framing their reports on the subject, to bear in mind, that it is not within the spirit of the imperial decree of the 13th of February, 1H33, to strike all refugees indistinctly, but those only who draw pecuniary means from Lombardy in order to foment civil dis cord there. Moreover, Count Itechberg is not to rest satisfied with the reports of the delegations, but is also to collect every possible information from other sources. It is also rumoured that Austria will exact from every refugee whose property is under seques tration, a formal declaration, on his word of honour, that he took no part, either directly or indirectly, in the movement of the 6th of February. RUSSIA. In consequence of the opening of the Neva, part of the Russian fleet came out from Cronstadt on the 15th, for the purpose of practising evolutions in the Baltic. THE WEST INDIA MAILS. (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) (PROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) SOUTHAMPTON, MONDAY MORNINO. Arrived: La Plata. Her dates are :—Jamaica, May 12th ; Trinidad, llth ; Demerara, Chagres, 11th; Vera Cruz, sth. Amongst her cargo is specie to the value of above 100 . 000 dollars, of which 27,000 dol lars are on account of Mexican dividends. Yellow fever was very bad at Trinidad, where there had been upwards of seventy deaths (including that of Captain Doraville, Collector of Customs). At St. Vincent there are still some cases. At Dominica it is also very bad. The Governor's wife is dead, and many others. The troops are all encamped out of town, and all well. At Jamaica the fever is very severe, particularly amongst the shipping. The Royal Mail steam-packet Medway left her captain and purser and several men behind at Kingston very ill, and on her arrival at St. Thomas several of her crew were still suffering. Mr. Gullies, purser of the Eagle, died of yellow fever on the 12th inst., off Demerara. La Plata lost two men at St. Thomas, and there were 22 deaths out of 90 cases at the hos pital. All the other islands are tolerably healthy. AUSTRALIA. ARRIVAL OF THE SARAH SANDS. PLYMOUTH, SUNDAY. The fourmasted screw steam-ship Sarah Sands, of Liverpool, Commander Thompson, from Australia, and the Cape of Good Hope for Liverpool, put in here last evening through stress of weather and want of coal. She left Melbourne on the 14th of February and arrived at Table Bay on the 31st of March, - having nine days previously encountered severe westerly gales, which detained her at the Cape until the 10th of April. On her passage from the Cape to England she again experienced con trary north-east winds, which compelled her on the 18th of May to put into Fayal for supplies, whence she sailed on tho 20th for Liverpool. Strong gales from north and west have obliged her to put in here for coals to proceed to her destination. Tho Sarah Sonia has a large number of pas sengers, there being 300 souls in all on board. Her cargo is—from Sydney and Melbourne, 60,000 ounces of golddust ; And from the Cape, 20,0001. in silver. The mails were landed last evening, and left by the first train this morning. Moat of her passengers have landed. Coals are being pat on board, but she will not leave until tomorrow. ARRIVAL OF THE CHEAPSIDE. We have received tho following telegraphic mes sage : FALMOUTH, MONDAY. Off this port and landed her mails, the Cheapside, Commander Lewis, from Sydney; 108 days. Bound for London. Freight 12,000 ounces of gold. Twenty passengers. THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE. The second edition of tke South African Commer cial Advertiser of April 21, supplies the following summary of news from that colony: Since the Sarah Smith; started, on the 10th, the peace then announced to the good of the people of England, has become leas unpopular on the border, and promises to fulfil the hope of the colonists at large. His Excellency holds head-quarters at Graham's Town, making occasional visits to the poste, where, as far as can be learned, he finds all right. But frontier weather, for some genera tions, will be April weather, sun and shower, sometimes bright as June, sometimes dark as December in the north. Where two races so far asunder in colour, custom, and language as the British settlers and the Kaffir', glare upon each other across a narrow stream, " permanent peace," " absolute security," are idle words, unless there be a permanent establishment of an absolutely invincible force to maintain a good under standing between the parties. If • saving fit abridge this force too soon, as in 1819.50, there will be suck another pull at John Bull's purse strings as will be enough to bring on a fit of gout. Every wise man's son doth know that in this present wicked world, the sword is peace, as bolts and bars are security. Mankind have many good qualities, but a profound respect for weakness is not one of them. _ _ The investigation into the past and present condition of the Kat River Settlement is in progress. The commis sioners sit with open doors in the midst of the people whose conduct and affairs generally are the subjects of inquiry. This gives great confidence to the welldisposed, as it is highly creditable to the good sense and foresight of the governor. No particulars have yet reached Cape Town. The Natal commission followed the same course, also print ing the evidence from day to day, as fast as the press could follow them. These open, frank, and fearleu pro ceedings have already produced a most beneficial effect on the public mind. As something was said of the central road board in last summary, it way be mentioned that his Excellency hu ac cepted the resignation of the unofficial members, and re lieved the official members from their labours as members, with the exception of Captain Pilkington, to whom, how ever, he has administered a mild rebuke as an alterative. This board, one of the most important in the colony, will now, according to the proclamation of this morning, consist of the following members :—Mr. Borcherda, Dr. Zones, and Captain Pilkington, official; Mr. D. Breda, Mr. Landsberg, and Mr. \Vent:a, unofficial. Without disparagement to their predecessors, it may be said that a better selection could not have been made with respect to personal character and suitableness for the duties they have to discharge. With respect to roads a very important discovery has been announced on the Berg River, near the main road—a deposit, namely, of a bed of rubble stone, of coarse gravel mixed with clay, which " when once inundated becomes in durated like the solid rock." The discovery is slue to Mr. Manning, and Mr. Bain,;well known for research and disco very in South African rocks, gives it this character. The people here are looking anxiously for the constitu tion which has been so long " looming in the future," and which fell dead as the budget under the late ministry. Lord Gray was warned in 1850 that there was danger in delay. Ile tisuctl it so in more senses than one. But the Duke of Newcastle rimy be assured that the danger of relay never was so great, so certsin, so imminent, as at this moment. The elements of the South African world require only a alight mistake or two on the part of government to come to one universal explosion. They may be referred to the evidence of the Natal commission fur proof of this. What is true of Natal is equally true of Caffraria and the whole region round about. The neighbourhood of the colony and the interior for many hundreds of miles are no longer held by naked, ill-armed, or timid barbarians. Wherever yen go the gun and the horse meet your eye, with thousands of bo:1 men •ho know, or are fast learning, how to manage both. To hell their own, the colonists must be united ; and union can be effected only for such a purpose by the en joyment of political freedom, by the enjoyment of equal rights, by mutual confidence between the governors and the governed. AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF Till•: ASIA. LI V EItPOOL. SUNDAY. The Royal Mail steam-ship As;a,Cdpt. Lu:t, arrived in the Mersey last night, with adviees front New York to the 18th inst., 130 passengers, and 613,130 dole. in specie. Her mails arrived in charge of I.ieut. Beddi e k , R.N., Admiralty agent. The Asia passed th e U nited States Mail steamer Franklin, outward bound, at 4.4, a.m. on the 21st, and the screw steam-ship City of Manchester at 3.:y0 p.m. on the 24th. The screw steam-ship Genova sailed from (In e b ee on the 14th for this port. The Now York papers of the 17th contain details of the loss of the barque William and Mary, on a sunken rock in one of those dangerous channels of the Bahama Islands. Of two hundred pusengers who left Liverpool in the William and Maly for New Orleans, nut more than thirty were saved, th e remainder having gone down with her. The New York Herald of the 18th says A despatch from Buffalo states that a large building, undergoing repairs in that city, caved in yesterday afternoon, and buried some twenty of the wotkuiea, together with the occupants of the upper stories, beneath the ruins. Up to last accounts only live of the unfortunate men had been taken out alive, end three dead bodies recovered. As near us could be ascertained, fifteen others were still underneath the fallen bricks and timbers, in all of whom life was of course extinct." Our New York correspondent writes as follows: NEW YORK, MAY Is. The President is understood to have completed his programme of diplomatic appointments, although the names of the successful candidates have not bee n officially announced. It reads as follows :—Ambas sador to England, James Buchanan ; France, John A. Dix; Spain, Pierre Soule; Russia, Governor Seymour; Mexico, James Gadsden; Prussia, not known ; Chili, It. H. Mead. It is rumoured also that the venerable American Consul in London, Mr. Aspinwall, is to make way for a successor. The now foreign ministers are mostly men of note, but of various political characters and ttudencies. Mr. Buchanan, of Pennsylvania, is an experienced statesman, of fair abilities, rather conservative in his tone of thought, and of such an advanced age a s to preclude any further political ambition. He will manage the negotiations with England with skill, temper, and moderation. General Dix, of New York, is a man of brilliant parts and the most amia. ble feelings, an abolitionist or rather free-soiler, in principle, and of sound judgment in all public affairs. M. Soule, of Louisiana, is a Filibuster rather by association and repute than by anything that he has either said or done, an eminent lawyer, an eloquent speaker, and greatly to his discredit, a sup. porter of slavery. That a man of the south, " nat.ire and to the manner horn," should uphold the slave system, is, perhaps, natural, but that a European democrat, who fled from the tyranny of his own country to find refuge in this, should encourage the worst tyranny on the globe, is an inconsistency that cannot be excused. Apart from this, there would be a fine propriety in sending back to the despotisms of the continent one of their own victims as a high re presentative of the Republic. Mr. Gadsden, who goes to Mexico, is what is called at the south t , fire-cater," that is, a rampant pro-slavery and seces sion orator. He is of the right stamp for bringing Santa Anna to terms. The new ...on has not yet developed its foreign policy, so enigmatically announced in the inaugural, nor is it possible to gather from the di. plomatic appointments thus far, what it is likely to be. Tho questions of immediate interest arc those relating to the boundary of New Mexico, and the recent movements of the French towards the Sandwich Islands. Your readers are probably aware that the commissioners chosen by the govern. menta of the United States to run the — boun dary agreed upon by the treaty of Guade loupe Hidalgo disagreed as to the southern and south-western line, that which separates Chi huahua. from New Mexico, one of them, Mr. Bart lett, having consented to a line, which the other, Mr. Gray, who was ill at the time, afterwards refused to recognise. Congress subsequently disapproved of the action of Mr. Bartlett by withholding further appropriations for the survey, and thu late Gover nor of New Mexico, Mr. Lane, proceeded to assert the authority of the United States over the territory included between the line determined by Mr. Bartlett and another supposed line further south. But the authorities of Chihuahua, backed by thou of the general government of Mexico, refuse to accept this summary interpretation of the treaty, and insist that the line agreed upon by Mr. Bartlett, together with the Mexican commissioners, is now, by the article of the treaty itself, a part of the treaty. The territory in dispute is about 34 miles wide and 174 miles long, embracing the whole of what is called the Mesilla Valley, and containing about 2,000 inhabitants, a mixed race of Spaniards, Indians, and Yankees. It is doubtful whether the Industrial Exposition will be opened even on the Ist of June. Although there are no lees than 4,000 men employed upon the building, the work is not in such a state of forward ness as to warrant the managers in making a p o sitive announcement of the day of inauguration: - The appointment of the commissioners on the part of the English government is a manifestation of in terest in the subject which has produced a lively sensation here, and which will be duly acknowledged at the proper time. Handsome apartments in the principal hotel of the city are prepared for their reception. An arrival from Jamaica, May Bth, brings accounts of an excitement produced in Kingston by the escape of two Charleston slaves, who secreted them selves on board the steamer El Paraguay, which stopped at that port, and afterwards put into King ston for coals. One of them, named Hardy, was the son of his master, and the other was a capital me chanic. As soon as the fact of their being on board was known, the authorities sent an officer to the vessel to demand their re lease, and the demand was instantly complied with by the captain. The men were examined be fore the stipendiary magistrate, Mr. Leake, and the American Consul, Mr. Harrison, told a plain straight forward story of the manner of their escape, ex pressed their strong desire for freedom, and to re main in Jamaica, and were then set free amid the shouts and acclamations of the multitudes gathered on the outside of the Court-house. The whole pro ceeding reflects great honour upon the magistrates as well as the people of Kingston, though it will ex cite a strong counterblast from the slave.shambles of the south. From Mexico we have news to the sth of May. Santa Anna has organised his government, and made his domestic and foreign appointments. En closed is his decree of organisation of his ministry : Lucas Alaman is at the head. Sr. Fornel is Minister of War ; Sr. Bares ditto for Justice and Ecclesiastical concerns ; Sr. Haro y Tamariz for Finance. Minis ters to foreign powers have been appointed. Al monte to the United States; Sr. Castello y Sanzas for England ; Manuel Larrainzar, present 'Minister at Washington, fur Rome ; Ramon Pachea for France ; and Buennventiorn Vivo, Minister for Spain. T his Vivo was captain of a vessel a few years since, trading between Havana and Vera Cruz, and latterly he was Consul at Havana for Mexico. A decree of the 23rd ult. completely annihilates the freedom of the press, as much so as the laws of I Spain or France. It is also significant that is the re-organisation of the army, no honour or employ ment is given to any one who surrendered to the Americans in 1847. Arista, who has been ousted, is on his way to England. (For Paie 4) ARENDELL COPPER MINES.—At the special meet ing on Thursday, the 2Gth inst., the accounts shored Balance last account, 4,0151. 10s. Id., and further to capdsis 301.-4,051/. 10s. Id. Mine cost, February, 1131. 21. act; March, 1101. 9s. Ild. ; sundries, February and Maras 69/. 9s. 4d. ; leaving balance in favour of mine,3,751/.35. 5 di The committee determined on erecting a steam•engine im mediately. Josiah Ritchins, Esq., of Tavistock, was aP• pointed the consulting and managing director ; Mr. Mat. thews, of the Devon Great Consols, the consulting engineer to the company. A new board cf directors, consisting of 13 of the shareholders, was elected. VERY STRANGE, IF TRUE.—The North British Daily Mad has the following under the title id' " Remark able Occurrance :"—A little girl had hi r left eye so com pletely covered with a white speck that it was rendered sightless. A few days since, while amusing herself shoat doors, a dove descended from a neighbouring dwelling house, and, as if in search of food, removed the specie wad its bill, without causing the slightest injury, so that ever since the vision of the girl has been perfect. IN] T] We antieip Bombe April 1 Our years have ready premi are (14 when Fitze excep the h cannc sea s well.