The Express. — London, England, 1847-01-04 00:00:00

Consort will be seeem ded by a lim . -d suite. town on gut. rtigy, iew with the Right ofll,e the lioarti of ratite Wit:le/IDA OW OD OD Saturday. The to see Parent.. 11" ,' o which the gc:a r ity's P! poi ted tt • r I miter I • Inrrs ~ r • ` ports. 41 Dlr . his I, aceL litary cird. . irive there it rem(—.hit Lord .., and that L•: is to bo hip of that eluntry by ! Sarriee Uozet,.. circular has been lithe, lioman C..tholls which he recom nds pit of eeery chsp, ' for stress in Ireland arid is olletted in consequence Ilia' portions, of which London. And, as it is ,ected for the 'rah poor to Dublin, he recom. Sunday, the 17th, to the ienrietta-street, Covent,. G U REG::NT'S P.tRX. a u memorial front the s vi inity. praying the i.:• .ndel to be throng h the Regent's to „(i v ,„ T. which was rye or ou the bank of health an..' comforts of deteriorate their Pro rates, and w ould be a le by the Wo , ds and sums in build Mg the Lrk was stu!ded. Mr. nd them th, it assistance which would be aka rests, and the health el lel.° deprive the public s the park at present aced a map of the park, ments upon which the (and which agreement al tenure of 99 years) prepared a memorial to proposed railway, which as soon as his lordship mred the ver.ry that a duce the rat .110,0001. he memorial referred the proceed.age of the said that a company of public os •as on the Ihhouves. The labouring weir own bread, of what ; and um pans and other baking performed at a th the presea t bakers' aer. An estihnshment an in operation, near the og the annual I onsump nts to above 830.000,000 o, the system, it adopted, t. re are in St. James's attraction. Wa•ch the elves like vegetable At ! as through a glass, the f houses. The grass is y snow, through which sturdy, prickly jangles. the Horse Guards, is rushing to or from the tinela in green standing oda. There are portly, n appetite, and thin lads jackets and comforters, th a strong suspicion of . Everybody leaps Air rectly for the water, or id the laws of the Woods es of their ordinary afi re is a shouting, shifting see the cloud of moving, shoot here and there, and repassiog, hither , crackling sheet of ice. I; such endless, slippery clamour from the men le's boots; and the men their necks; and from screaming and laughing to get out of the way ; ambling and staggering mg, to keep out of theirs. , such a ceaseless, inter nom, warnings, broken saghter, as a gentleman, , suddenly comes down ices a cobweb of cracks mahout by the low, kol as the thousands it sup itched, scored, bending ie FRENCIL—The ult., contains the first new work, " The Battle nu= IN DTADKNING 'rom the faculty and the ated the American exp.- of ether u a means of rues, and with the MOIL to lose his leg by ampu eneral Hospital, and was tried. The operation was rial branches having to inutes, and during this perfectly quiescent state, rwaids stated himself to ion, but without pain be lt; the operation it was nee on the one hand and ie could be elevated or control; hi. absence of tor, Mr. Lan•down, and ot, will, no doubt, give Lod my duty is merely to. f the agent. No compli any extraordinary etre in but very large bladder Lich an ivory mouth.piee• ithout the intervention of ounce of good common rith the mouth till it is e mouthpiece and agitate ir in it with the *polar. the operation, elope his and time the lips round breathe into and out of vo minutes the muscles of is the moment for tb e fir* mutes the effect wi'l begin old again be int...xlmect, red. If the put... shoald IL little wine w Lll restore .piration of rei' crone °aide ar effect upor, , th e nerves • as I have noticed that imensifi Le to rain ; but `ble to no it in surgical I on an? °veritable dupe would %ender the patient tor. %she administrator of tt oan that no fluid ether the r 'lnge ; otherwise suffo re a violent consll, which considerably chat:era the r ,l, Jan. 1, 1847. ANCF. OF A LADY.— nversation and excitement list the neighbourhood of in consequence otthe mr y 70 years of se, nerved i residing et 'keickeithain, d with Let husbsill i tr night af'..r Chris of the night, he Christen di. wife's head on the pillow p tht following morning he dreswit up, it is auppoted, t her still lying there. and e sfter both on and err its be foe d. Since that tane a been forwarli .1 to all the id city police, and the rine, lam, has been dragged, with mered..—Sunday Timis. :11:18 AND XURDER. On en to the police of a daring er. On Friday morning 111 r. fo. 64, Great Hill, left home arter's rent to Mr. Beyer, his o the Brecknock Arms, St. og he entered a public-house m he took out his purse and accidentally met, that he wag r were two suspicious-looking to pay attention to what waa aid the rent be was proceed. Eagan-fields, when two men ere blow on the head, and ha )wever, re fisted with great verpowered and rendered in. e time afterwards weltering treed inside-out. After having ape near the Model Priegq, _' ., k when he was kindly treated, he was removed to his red- deuce, where he remains in a very weak state. Police. .constable Stone, 7, the (9 division, has received a pretty good description of the ruins:Ls, and hopes are entertained of their detection. THE SMALL I)EnTs ACT.—The act 9 and 10 Viet., cap. 95, commences by reciting a wry great but very obvi ous truth, that we need not have waited until this year of greet , 184th to have hit upon, vis., it is expedient that one rite and manner of proce•dinst for the recovery of small debts and dernaeds .Moul t prevail throughout England. Hitherto there had been V3Till{.4 rule, of proceeding, just as various districts suffeeing the intolerable misery of living without law, had, at great eat, obtained from the legislature special sets, while by far the larger part of the kingdom was practi tally without atty -ter at all. We have now fallen on a abir ry I T :A in law. It being at last discovered and admitted, see sb add he one rule for all the people of England, w fa the future to enjoy the equal privilege of the 4 The t Wension of the county courts, by the disi . or the . :Ain into convenient districts, int:lin:Mg towns, Cltirzi, A..., where one rule and manner of dispe ns i ng ustice shall pr- veil, is of itself an immense gain, and o n e highly cied.tahe to the present ministry ; if the machinery of the act he treble, as we shall see that it is, we have at kit get the place for the machinery and the area of its operettons ,'.extensive with the land itself, And the *amb ito, tt..t justice is the right of all the people, and that the plat.. e • -tire shall be near their own doors. There does rot e. • cr, seem any good reason for various topogrnphi c..l • . is for various social purposes ; the parochial unions et' . ady for poor-law purposes might surely be the .•••iche fur the adjustment of deht-claims,—the same ale tar .conic pal purposes, including highways, drainage, sanitory matters, &c., or if it be found that the union is too small tor KM, purpttles, two or more unions mieht be grouped together. 'The act consists of 143 sections, of which 7, with go at apparent care, provide the coostitution of the courts, th it organisatior, duties, functions, officers ; pains, therefore, have not been wanting in setting out the ground plan of the Temple of Justice. It is not until the 78th ec tion that the jurisdiction of the county court is set forth, viz., that all pleas of personal actions, where the debt or damage claimed is not more than 20!., shall be held in this court, and shall be heard and determined in a summary way. The person who complains of an unpaid debt or clsitn shall appear before the clerk of the court, who shall enter the particulars thereof in a book. on which a summons shall be served upon the tame complained against a et resin number of days before he shall appear before the court. If the plaintiff do nut appear tosupport the complaint set forth in the summons, or if he shale not prove hi, demand to the satisfaction of the court, costs and tatisfaetion may be awarded to the defendant (sec. 73). But if the defendant do not appear, the inquiry shall be in stituted and conducted to its termination, and execution follow, just as if he were present, unless good reason for absence be given. If the payment he not made (sec. 94 ), the court may award execution against the goods ; and if by any means the claim be not satisfied or the debt paid, after judgment has been obtained according to the above process, then the creditor may (sec. 98) obtain a summons, Mat is another stonnums, requiring the debtor to appear again andl answer such charges so are laid against him, and as to his conduct in respect of his not paying the del ; and if he shah not attend the summons (sec. 99), nor allege a sufficient ex cuse, or refuse to be sworn, or make proper disclosure, nor by his answers satisfy the judge, or has obtained credit from the plaintiff under false pretences, or by means of fraud or breach of trust, or has wilfully contracted such debt or lia bility without having had at the same time a reasonable ex pectation of being able to pay or discharge the same, or shall have made, or caused to be made, any gift, delivery, or transfer of any property, or shall have charged, removed, or concealed the same with intent to defraud his creditors, or any of them ; or if it shall appear to the satisfaction of the judge of the slid court that the party so summoned has then, or has had, since the judgment obtained against him, sufficient means and ability to pay the debt, or damages, or costs so recovered against him, either altogether or by any instalment or instalments which the court in which the judo meet was obtained shall have ordered; and if he shall refine or neglect to pay the same as shall have been so ordered, or as shall be ordered pursuant to the power hereinafter pro vided, it shall be lawful for such judge, if he shall think tit, to order that any such party may be committed to the corn mon gaol or house of e orrection of the county, district, or place in which the party summoned is resident, or to any prison which shall be provided as the prison of the court, for any period not exceeding forty days. The greater part of this choose is given at letagth, because it contains the heart of the act, and opens up the prineipie of legislation that after some years of struggle hap been admitted and adopted. It is another step from the lawless period, 1844, in a right cause, hut it is a short step, and leaves the law still behind the place of justice, sad what the vigorous transactions of a corn menial people require for the protection of their property.— Westminster Renew. FIRE:3.—AT IRONGATE WHARP.—During the after noon of Saturday about 150 barrels of provi,ions were rescued from the ruins, the major part of which were perfeeily sound, and apparently had received very trifling injury by the action I of the fire. During this day the firemen, it a believed, will be able to save as many more barrels of pork and beef; and, I should the ruins be sufficiently cooled, they will be able to get out an immense quantity of canvas and linen in bale., which can be seen under the brickwork.—ls Bourns.— Shortly before twelve o'clock on Saturday night, a fire broke out at No. 1, Whitmore-street, Houton Old Town. It com menced in the stables, and extended to the workshops belonging to Mr. Potter, a cabinet-maker. In a few minutes the entire building was in flames. Engines from the parish, London Brigade, West of England, and County offices, promptly attended, but the firemen were unable to get the tire extinguished until the stables and workshop were destroyed. —AT THE QUERN ANNE'S BOUNTY.Ortlell.— On Saturday morning a fire broke out in a large building, situate in Dean's-yurd, Westminster, and known as the Queen Anne's Bounty Office. The flames commenced in the ground floor, and penetrated the roof. The engines of the London Establishment, County, and West of England Com panies, arrived at the scene of conflagration, and were with all possible speed set to work; but it was nearly three bouts before the firemen could get the flames extinguished, and not until the roof was nearly destroyed. Fortunately the whole of the public records were saved. The building and furniture were insured. The business of the office will not be interrupted, but will be carried on in the new rooms adjoining the Bounty-office. INQUESTR, SATURDAY.—DEATII IN A WORM:MUSE. —By Mr. W. Carter, at the Jolly Sailor. Lower-road, Bother hithe, on the body of D. Cokely, 67. On Tuesday last he left home in a very weak condition, to make application to one of the relieving officers for relief, which was readily granted to ' him. He endeavoured to reach the workhouse, but fell from exhaustion on the way, where he was discovered by an old acquaintance, who assisted him to the workhouse door. He was seen by the master, who, ' seeing his state, sent for • surgeon, who promptly attended, but the deceased expired soon afterwards. The jury returned a verdict of " Natural death." BURNT To DEATH.—Before W. Carter, Esq., at the Red Lion Inn, at Cheam, near Epsom, on the body of Mrs. Sarah Beams, aged 80. The deceased was nearly blind. On Tuesday evening her attendant left her, when the de ceased anked what time it was, and being told it was " eight," she replied, " What a little fire I think there is." Soon alter, a neighbour in en adjoining cottage beard a faint cry of "help me," which was followed by a suffocating smell of fire. Mrs. Nightingale, the person alluded to, im mediately went to the deceased's cottage, when she was found enveloped in flames, and burnt in a most horrid man ner over the head, face, neck, arms, and lower part of the body. Mr. Clark, of Sutton, sunceon, was called in, and applied every poseible remedy, but she died in the course of the night. It is supposed th e had gone to feel for tome coals to put on the fire, when her clothes ignited. The ELry returned a verdict of " Accidental Death "• ITURAL or PAROCHIAL BALI/W.—By Mr. Bedford, at the Plough, Carey-street, Lincoln's-inn-fields, on Jane Hayes, aged 47, late of 10, Ship-yard, whose death it was reported had ensued in consequence of her haying been refused out-door relief by the Strand Union authorities. Thomas Dennis, brother pf deceased, deposed that his sister had been in • very bad state of health since the 25th of July, when her hus'sand died. She had two children, and was completely destitute; he gave her a little assistance, but could not continue it. She sold the furniture to maintain herself and children : for the last six weeks she suffered great -distress, requiring nourishment, which she could not get. The Mendicity Society and the O'Conor Don, her former waster, assisted her. She complained that the parish had treated her with great contempt.—Mr. Arthur Farm, M.D., medics' officer of King's College Hospital, said that on the 14th of November deceased was an out .patient. She was ex tremely emaciated, and suffered greatly from cough, weakness, and nervousness, On the 28th of November she applied for a certificate for nourishment, which he gave her. He maOt a post-Neortem examination of the body last Thurs day. Death ensued primarily from consumption. He could ie.,• SIN whether life could have been prolonged, but bread *as not fit food for a ocuramptive patient ; the absence of .ie and other nutritive', as well as the inclemency of the —rather, were calculated to accelerate her death. Mr. Baiwood, relieving officer, deposed that in July lot dimmed applied for and obtained assistance to bury her b ...band In October she got two shillings and two loaves, end was told to attend the board on the following Friday, she 44 not. He never heard more of her until her ill. That he 'were. The book he produced (one be ring to the workhouse) proved that wine, meat, broth, etAkeverything else they required, were liberally given to k poor. Verdict—" Natural death from pulmonary • ~se." woompanied by a unanimous disclaimer of any • against the parochial authorities. IRELAND. DUBLIN, JANtriaT 3. DISTRESS IN MAYO. The following are extracts from a letter on this tubjr , •t eldressecl to the editor of the Dublin Free "ten's .I" , ineal : The symptoms of a wide-spread systematic externalise ars just beginning to exhibit themselves. I am not ',psalms under the influence of sny prejudice against the lut.durd class. The system of ejectment is only a part of the tra.n of est% that ,by • necessity almost as inevitable ' as s mathesmalloil n, upon the calamity whose first immure we No now empariescang. The potato cultivation Woe eitingehhed Bo at least • nose, the peasant cultiva tors tan pay as vssisi sham end horned cattle can pay run= I and *matt rents too; di see the sheep and the tattle shall hays the lands, and the pamants shall be ousted from them. A very simple, and most ignitable conclusion, as you see — one that can be drawn with as satisfactory a certainty, by any pale student In hie closet, who has the potato failure given to him for his postulate, u by the tenant in Mayo, who knows that on the estate of a single proprietor in the county there are already served more than 800 processes for rent, *crud with the declared intention of using an THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 4, 1847. execution against the person of the tenant, as the shortest and easiest method of compelling a surrender of the land. I acknowledge to the utmost extent the difficulty in which the landlords are placed. Their lands are peopled with peasant cultivators, who have been, up to this moment, abandoned by these landlords to the rnereii s of bailiffs and other rent-exactors, who, enjoying but a precarious tenure of the land, have been exposed, upon accomplishing the slightest improvement in their fermi, or exhibiting the lean symptom of accumulating capital, to be pounced upon by the landlord and his harpies, for an increase of rent, an extrava gant bribe, or rent and bribe together, and who have there fore. been reduced to the necessity of saving themselves from plunder by keeping themselves naked and poor. While the potato lasted this tenantry crave them in the shape of rent, oats, pigs, cattle, everything the land produced, save only the potato on which they lived. The potato being gone, the peasant cultivator can now hardly produce from his few acres food for himself, much lees a surplus for his landlord. Of coarse such a tenantry will infallibly he evicted. The Priv-street curate of the adjoining parish, assured I me that in his parish deashs caused by want of food were row of eveesdey occurrence. One day, as I was standing near my door, a wretchcd•looking man, whom I took to be a stranger, came up to ate, soliciting relief. Overpowered with the multitude of each ap plications, I was turning away from him. Ile seized me by the caller of my coat' Look at me,' said he, and he glared into my face with a look that I cannot describe, except by calling it wolfish, ' You cannot know me, I am so wasted and changed; I am so-and-so,' mentioning his mane; ' I am mad with hunger—l must have something to eat, or I will drop dead here at your door.' I was more shrieked," said my friend, by this case than by any other I have lately met—not by anything strange in it, fur it is now a 00121M011 one, but that I had known the men, and my not recognising him at first, and the manner in which he addressed me made the incident strike me. The sequel of that incident you see here (the dying wife). I gave the man some food, part of which lie eat ravenously, and the remainder he carried away home with him. I have since learned that in the comae of that evening he begged through the n 2ighbour hood until he got about two quarts of meal, which he left with his wife. Ile then went away, and has not been heard of since. During several days the door of his cabin was observed to be cloned. Fur a time it was supposed that he and his wife had both gone away to beg; hut, at the erd of about a week, the neighbours apprehending something might be wrong, forced open the door, a hen the wife was found on her bed helplcwi from exhaustion, an.l already speechless. There was no food in the cabin, save that a mere dust of the meal begged by the husband, end left with her by him, still remained in a wooden vessel. She is now beyond help. The husband has never been heard of since he left thin. It is presumed that he has fallen and died somewhere by the roadside! The daughter has come here from r poor service to wait upen her dying mother. In the present dearth of provisions eve 7 farmer is discharging hies reams, men and women ; and this RH will find it impossible to get another service. In the midst of the general destitution that prevails she is probably destined to follow the fate of the father and mother—to die for want of food ; and such, I fear, will Alertly be the fate of many, many like her." As you pass along the roads you see numbers upon numbers whose waited appearance shows that starvation is hunting them to the grave, and double so they will, in the present state of the country, to the grave they must be hunted down at length ; but, as I have said, there is ev ery chance that dysentery, or some other disease, will be ei at tl.e last to claim the death. For instance, the turnips that have been grown for cattle, are now being sold to the poor; and an enormous price they fetch—one and sixpence and two shil lings a hundred—about the same price that in ordiaary years used to be paid for potatoes! The poor boil these turnips, shake over them a little dust of their precious meal (which they buy by retail at the rate of one pound eight shillings a hundred), and lire, while they can live, upon that. These people die of dysentery. In so many ways may people die from want of food, and yet 'hale death by starvation! t r i e t s w hj e j, may stand in need of assistance, should be ad. ministered Le- a committee in Dublin. To each of these committees it ,zsight be desirable that government should add two or three members. That the Dublin commit ttv should receive applicatu.n from the relief committees, giving immediate notice by ads :•rti.::•••ent in the public papers what particulars must be inserted therein, to citable them to judge of the case, insisting specially on a copy of the local tub scription list. That the London committee should also advertise the conditions on which alone they will make any grants, viz..-1. That no assistance shall be given to any able bodied labourer having employment, whose family does not exceed six in number, except in CAWS of sick ness. 2. That no assistance shall be given unless some member of the relief committee is willing or able to certify that the case is one of real distress. 3. That in all cases where it is practicable the relief given should be in the shape of providing the means of earning a livelihood; such as grants of spinning-wht els to women, of small quantities of flax or wool to be spun for sale, of >ern for knitting, of tools far pursuing any trade, repair of looms, &c. 4. That • register should be kept, showing the circum stances of each case. and the name of the committeeman who certifies to it. 5. These registers to be framed and supplied by the London committee, and to be always open to the inspection of the local government officers. 6. That any person receiving relief from this fund shall be struck off the list if found to have refused work when offered employment. It will of course be for the con. sideration of the London committee whether any other restrictions are expedient; but the above appear to he essential. Should the funds he sufficient, many works of the highest national importance might be promoted whilst affording relief. For instance, the small farmers, those under 10 acres, are very frequently as much distressed as the cottiers, and have no means of procuring seed. Small grants of flux-seed, where the land is suited for it, will be of moat essential metrics in such cases, supplying them with a crop which will give them the means of purchasing food in the ensuing season. These grants should be condi tional on the parties having properly tilled their land in the mean time. Again, improved looms might be introduced into the country, which would give employment to the spinners as well as the weavers, which, if let at a moderate price, might enable the weavers, or other small cap!tali'ts, to become possessed of them as an investment. Material assistance tuizlit also occasionally ho afforded by small grants for the repair of fishing beats and tackle, which would have the invaluable advantage of tending to increase the stock of food. The urgency of the time will not admit here of a fsll discussion of the various raodes of relief which would have to be considered in committee. The object of the present statement is simply to lay down the general princi ples which it is proposed to keep in view: —l. To provide relief for those cures which the government plan is not cal culated to reach, and which local funds ore inadequate is meet. 2. To place the administration of the fund under such restriction as may secure its proper expenditure, and conduce, if possible, to permament improvement. S. E. Sraiwo Rice. I MPROTED FISHBRIEL—Sir,—I have received the circular of the Irish Fishing Company, and b-g to offer a faw hints for which your Dublin correspondent seems to inquire. I by no means expect improved fisheries to turn up a sudden mine of wealth; on the other hand, I think it will require great caution to adapt outlay to the circum.tances of lecali ties and the facilities of finding markets. Still, at this time of threatened destitution, every practical means of finding employment for the poor should be tried, and the speculation of unproved fisheries may be found, not only in Ireland, but in other places on sur shores, profitable both to specu lators and the public. While the comparatively unimportant „art of angling in fresh waters has been csrried to perfection marine fishing Kill remains in a rude state, as any good angler may be assured by an excursion in a fishing-smack. Men of small capital employ, of course, bad, insecure vessels, and inferior tackle, and are generallywanting in that know ledge which would insure the greatest average of success. The first improvemsnt to be sagested is in the fishing vessels. Another, and a very important im2rovement, would be the employment of steam-tugs to take out the bait required for deep-sea fishing, and to tow the fishing-vessels, so as to render them secure from the weather, which is often snore dangerous to them than to vessels far out. Thirdly, improved lines, hooks, &e. for deep-sea fishing are worthy of notice ; for, though fish may be taken with almost anything like • bait, yet I am sure that by improved means a dozen fish may often be taken instead of one. I may also suggest the use of " cross-fi-hing :" but, to conclude for the present, I would repeat my belief that the industry of our fishermen, if brought under the direction of 'expectable capital and in telligence, may be made more profitable to all parties. If you think these hints worthy of your notice, I shall be glad to 'afford more practical partscalars.—Ate OLD FUMED /lAN. SIR G. GREY'S REPLY TO THE DEPUTATION ON BEHALF OF THE SK I BBEREEN UNION. Whitehall, Dec. 9. Gentlemen,—l have given a careful and attentive con sideratinn To the statement which, on behalf of the poor law union of Skibbereen, you placed in my hinds, and to the request which you have addressed to her Majesty's go vernment that a Queen's letter may be issued, for the pur pose of making a collection throughout Eneland, for the re lief of distress in Ireland. The painful details which are annexed to your written statement, and the information you have communicated to me in; personal interviews, afford sufficient proof, if indeed such were wanting, of the distress in your district, and it is impossi'ele not to feel deep sympathy for the sufferings which you describe. I have reason to believe, that you entertain ne doubt of the desire of the government to adopt all practicable measures for the mitigation of the distress unhappily so prevalent in Ireland. It is therefore unnecessary that I should here enumerate the measures which have been taken by the go vernment with this object, or that I should advert in detail to the extent of relief works, now carried on under the superin tendence of the government, by which about 300,000 men are at pre eat ^mployed. I am, however, desirous of stating diatincily the conviction of the government, that they cannot, by any measures within their power, meet all the cases of severe privation and distrge which are to be found under existing circumstances in Ireland. Much must remain to be done by individual owners of property and by private charity. ller Majes4's Government at the same time feel, that a Queen's letter is not at the present moment the moat appropriate mode of raising funds for the relief of , these eases of distress. A Queen's letter is usually issued for the purpose of making a collection in aid of , fends already raised by public subscription. I should there fore venture to suggest, that instead of looking to this in the first instance, means should be taken for raising among the wealthier classes in Ireland, as well as in England, contributions for the relief of extreme cases of want and destitution, not capable of being met by the existing poor law, or by the works in progress, or to be hereafter sanc tioned; and I entertain no dou bt, that if due precautions were taken for securing the proper application of such con tributions to the relief of urgent and severe distress, through the local agency which can alone be competent to this duty, liberal aid would be afforded by private benevolence in this country. In suggesting contributions in Leland, I do not overlook the fact, that much is being already done there by individual charity, and that presentments for public works will impose • heavy burden on the estates of the landed proprietors. But it must also be borne in mind, that the maintenance of the destitute is in Eng land charged by law on the land nod ether fixed property of the country and that in Scotland, where in ex tensive districts the failure of the potato crop has been as complete, and the consequent pressure on the people so great as in Ireland, the landed proprietors are at the present mo ment making pest sacrifices and exertions for the relief and support of their people. There are also parts of Ireland, in which the pressure is much less severe than in others, and there is much property on which the burden of the present ments for the relief of distress has fallen lightly, if at all. I will only add, that with reference to some of the particulars contained in your statement inquiries have been instituted and directions given, which, I trust, will have the effect of mitigating the severity of the suffering in your neighbourhood.—l am, gentlemen, your obedient servant, G. GREY. _ _ . SCOTLAND. Tun Mennen eon ANERDEEN, Mr. Bannerman, is, it is Stated, about to receive an appointment of a permanent nature from the government of Lord John Russell. This will, of course, vacate his seat for Aberdeen, which he has held since the ping of the reform bill. GLASOOW TOWN COUNCIL.-81:NDAT TRAINS —At a meeting of the Glasgow Town Council, held on Thursday last, the Lord Provost in the chair, Mr. Bankier, introduced the following resolutions in reference to the Sunday trains : —"I. That the running of railway passenger-trains with the mails, on the morr.ing and evening of the Sabbath day, between Glasgow and Edinburgh, as has been practised for four years past. is absolutely necessary, there being no other mode of travelling or conveyance between the two cities. 2. That the resolution recently adopted and acted upon by the directors of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway Company, to stop these trains, is a breach of faith with the state, and of course with the country ; inasmuch as the allegation in the preamble of their act is not implemented, and that it ought to be rescinded, and that the morning and eveaing passenger-trains on Sunday ought to be immediately re-el.• tablished. 3. That these resolutions be intimated to the directors of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway Company. Mr. Brown seconded the resolutions. Mr. Leedhetter moved the previous question, seconded by Mr. Brodie. A very long debate followed, which terminated In the resolutions being carried against the previous question by 24 to 17. The Lord Provost, and most of the magistrates, voted with the majority for the running of the trains. SUNDAY fILLINS IN SCOTLAND.--Sir,—ln perusing pour paper of 29th irst. I find, under the heading Scotland, notice taken of the opinions mieweated bythe town councila, who had discussed the condon of the directors of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway is Mopping passenger trains en Sunday, where it is stated th.,t "all the town councils in the neighbourhood of the line—Eshnhurgh, Leith, Falkirk. Slicing, Linlithgow, Quomaterry, Omar, Dunfermline— have now condemn, d the conduct of the director., who have obtained countenance from no responsible and representative public body, en. ceps at such places w Inverness cat Rotheaaw." Thu statement of the facts of the crone I beg to correct a, regards the town munch of Dander (the third town in Scotland as reguda population), who five weeks ago, after discussang the question, decided In favour of the con duct of the directors, by a majority of nine to four, as you will find by one of the Dundee newspaper. I send you by this post. Moreover, your Informer was wrong in stating that •• •tr. the town councils in the neighbourhood of the line had condemned the conduct of the directors;" for the town council of Glasgow, at one terminus of the line (and the largest city In Scotland), has sot condemned their con duct. I must demand the correction of the erroneous notice I have called your attention to, by inserting this letter, or the substance of it, in your widely circulated paper.—A Sessramas. [Since our correspondent wrote, the town council of Glas gow !ace condemned the conduct of the directors. With regard to the town council of Dendee, we may be allowed to observe, that the other town councils named represent communities which have a direct and immediate interest in To the Rev, C. Caulfeild and the Rey. R. Townsend , the accommodation of the railway, while the Dundee folks are not likely to use it much.] In consequence of the foregoing reply, given by the Right Hon. Sir George Grey, to the statement laid before him by us, we beg to all public attention to the following paper : A.B. TowNsawo, Vicar of Abbey Strewry, and Acting Chaplain of the Skibbereen Union Workhouse. CHAS. CAULTIBILD, Rector of Creagh, Deputation on behalf of the Skibbereen Union. The state of distress in Ireland is beyond description. A great many individuals have already died from want of food, as shown by the verdicts of numerous inquests, which yet only give an idea of the state of the country, as many perish daily from starvation, concerning whom nothing is known except to those in their immediate neighbourhood ; this is especially the case in places remote and difficult of access. The distress, comparatively speaking, is confined in its great severity to the district along the era-coast, though the whole country has sustained a lets equivalent at a low valuation to twelve millions sterling worth of food, mono,- log that even one-third has been in some degree hitherto available. The great facility of procuring manure along the coast—sea-weed and sand—induces the small farmer, the labourer and fisherman, to break up all land po.oible for tillage, and all these depend chiefly on the potato for food. In the southern district along the whole coast, its almost total failure has platted the population (far more dense along the sea shore than elsewhere) in a state of very Great misery. The majority of the population are now ex isting (and have been for some time) on one meal per day, of a most inferior description of food. Thousands must have but for the exertions that have been made. perished large private subscriptions which have been raised in the distressed districts, in some instances in creased by government grants, are strictly and neces sarily limited as to the means of employing them. It I evident that if these sums were employed for the pur -1 chase of provisions to be sold below prime cost, not only would the greatest encouragement be given for the extrava ftlt consumption of the already shoat supplies, which the • h price tends to hinder, but also assistance would be given indiscriminately to all buyers, whether they require it or not. It is thought, therefore, that the government have exercised a wise discretion is laying down es • general role, that the ordinary funds of relief ecseasaittees are not to be employed in reducing the price of provisions. Notwithstanding the enormous sums which have been voted at the presentment sessions, and chiwrd upon the land (in one barony money wages we at this moment being paid to the amount of twice the rental of the land, and this is not a singular instance), there are several dame* of cases which either receive inadequate assistance from the public works, or none at all. In many instances, large as the votes are, they am found practically insufficient to afford employment to more than one is a family. Now, st the present pries of provisions, this system leaves • family of seven, eight, or more, in a state constantly bordering on starvation ; and their weakened constitutions give way im mediately before the least cold or attack of illness. Again, the eases of widows who have no eon able to work, of the aged, of the disabled, and of those actually in sickness, are so numerous that local effort has in vain struggled to keep pace with the increasing claims on its 'insistence. — It is proposed, that the control over the funds to be sub scribed, should be vested in a committee of the subscribers sit ting is London, and meeting by adjournment as often as they may think necessary ; and that this committee should be charged with the duty of laying down the general rules and regulations under which issues of money 'hall be made • and that the actual distribution of the funds to the several dis m•y, and Ira, that melt measures will be immediately arls,' l . l may, M their wisdom, were calculated to avert tho evits attention. 0 . • scarcity of food. _ . . Txe~BOLTON RAILWAY.—It has been already noticed in this paper that owing to the recent accidents on this line • memorial was forwarded from Bolton to the Board of Trade, calling for an investigation into the state of the line. In com pliance with the prayer of the memorialists, Captain Cod dington arrived at Bolton on Friday, on this minion. It was shown that the lessees of the line, the Leeds Company, had already put down six miles of new rails out of the tun u stated in this paper of Thursday, and were proceeding with the other four miles to put that portion of the line in like repair, a course which Captain Coddington appeared to think evinced a proper desire onthe part of the lessees to secure the public against future accident, but he is said to have recom mend. d that, until the four miles not yet laid with new rails, are completed, trains on that part of the line should travel at a reduced speed. His attention was called to the state of the bridges by which the turnpike-roads are carried over the line. These bridges are flat ones, supported by pillars be tween the lines of rills, and are so dangerous that passengers leaning incautiously out of the carriage-wiu.:ows might suffer injury from them. One of the Bolton Company's servants was once killed in that way. Captain Coililington suggested the con-tructi in of bet'er bridges, and that an arrangement should be effected, with the aid of the county magistracy, for diverting the roads whilst the new bri ges are built ROBBERY AND SUICIDG—An inquest was held at Man chester, on Saturday, on the body of James Billington, c eshier to Moves. Futhergill and Co., grocer,, Shudehill, who had committed suicide under the following circum stances:—On New-year's-eve, he had gone into the company of women of bad character with i7i , the property of ha employers, upon him, and was robbed of it. He afterwards told a policeman of the robbery, and said if he did nut re cover the money he would put an end to his life. The policemin went with him in starch of the thieves, but not finding them, left Billington to pursue his way home. The ni 'et morning his body was found in the Rochdale Canal. There were no marks of violence upon it, and the jury were of opinion he had destroyed himself under the temporary excitement produced upon his mind. He has left a wile and six children. CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE,—The good effects of the Saul tory Bill are already visible. The steamer* on this river, in stead of vomiting forth, as heretofore, huge columns of black smoke, have been compelled to bring the aid of science to assist them is its consumption, and while the atm-sphere on the river and about the pier-heads is much purer, the un sightly nuisance, which reflected such odium on this com munity, has diiappeared.— Liverpool Chronicle. STEAM-BOAT COLLISIoN.-04 Thursday morning, about 9 o'clock, the royal mail steamer Urgent came into collision near the Formby light ship, with the tine iron steam-boat Tynwald. The Urgent, Capt. Simmons, was on her way from Liverpo I to Dublin with the early morning mail, and the Tynwald was entering the Mersey from Belfast. The Tyr.- weld left Belfast on Wednesday evening, and parted with the pilot about a quarter to seven o'clock. The weather was very thick, and had been so for some time previously, several vessel, having got aground in their attempt to leave the Loch. She had on board sixty pas sengers and a very valuable cargo of linens, the vessel and its freight being valued afloat at about 190,000/. The weather continual thick throughout the passage, the Calf lights being seen with very great difficulty. The vessel, however, kept her course, and made the Bell buoy at half past eight o'clock. The weather was still very thick, and from half-past five o'clock the engines had been going slowly. At five minutes to nine o'clock the Formby light ship was made, and the steamer hail only passed her a few lengths when a vessel wax reported on the larboard bow. Captain Gill, who was on the gangway, immediately called oat " Hard a-port," and gave t.irections to stop the en gines, both of which orders were immediately obeyed. A steamer was then observed coming up with great speed in the direction of the Tynwald, and in an Instant orders were given to back the engines of the Tynwald. Several turns backwards hail been given to the engines, when the approaching steamer struck her with great force on the ler board paddle-box. The vessel proved to be H.M.S. Urgent, which, as before stated, was on her wsy to Dublin, with the morning mail. Of course, the effect of the blow was tremendous, and the scene amongst the passengers, before they were satisfied of the extent of the iujury, was one which can scarcely be described. Captain Gill begged that Captain Simmons would remain by the Tyn wald, to see if she was able to reach the port. To this Captain Simmons at once assented, and after bacMng off, lowered his boat, and sent it to the Tynwald to ascertain whether she was totally disabled or not. It was soon found that although the larboard paddle had been disabled, the starboard engine could be worked, and by this means the vessel would be enabled to reach the dock. This being the state of things, the Urgent took all the passengers from the Tynwald, and proceeded to Liverpool, dropping anchor in the Sloyne. The Tynwald came up with one engine, remained is the river all day, and docked in the Clarence basin at night, about eleven o'clock. We (Linerpool Mercury) understand that &stools as those on board the Urgent discovered the vessel they were ap proaching was a steamer, the engine was stopped, but the way of the vessel was se gnat that a collision was inevitable. From what took place after the accident, there is little doubt the Tynwald was supposed to be the Formby light-ship, which was close at hand ; that the helm of the Urgent was, upon that supposition, first placed to starboard, and not ported till too late to allow the vessel to paw clear. The fog wee so dense that a vessel could be seen only about six lengths off, and for this reason the engines of the Tynwald were slowed, whereas, from all we tan learn, the Urgent was going nearly at full speed. The Urgent is a wooden vessel, and the Tynwald, as already mentioned, an iron one. The effect of the col lision upon the Urgent was to carry away her cutwater, bow sprit, and figure head. Her planks were started also, but we believe no person on board of her was injured. The damage done to the Tynwald was much mere serious. Her larboard paddle, paddle-box, paddle beam, and all the wing belting were smashed to atems ; the houses on deck partially broken up, and the fragmentsof wood strewedaboutin all directions. So great was the force with which the srsarla came into con tact, that although the Tynwald had back way upon her. the wheel was forced rapidly round, knocking down one of the men who was at it. The other seaman at the helm was John Anderson ; he miscarried round the wheel, and forcibly jammed between the spoke handles and the deck.. So firmly was he fixed, that it required the united efforts of two men afterwards to release the poor fellow from his position, the blood at the time gushing from both his ears. He reached Liverpool, where, we believe, he lies in a dangerous state. PROVINCIAL. THZ Rtvsa P L ATR.rc;;;;l7.ll to Lord Palmerston was in course of signature at Manchester on Saturday by the merchants of the town, calling the attention of his lordship to the still suffering state of trade and the losses to which merchants ere subjected by the continued hostilities between the Republics of Buenos Apes and Monte Video. The me morialists say, they are not informed of the reasons which pre vent the carrying out of the conditions of peace to which both republics were understood to have 'emoted ; and beg his lordship's earnest attention to the restoring of peace and undisturbed commerce to all pari.. The Manchester Com mercial Association forwarded the following memorial tin the same aired, also, aa Thursday: la the math Ohms, lets, your memerithele selleil the attention et bat Mires sevamematto the etas etas. merit Mabee Mir he valler mil mvelases e hZ i re as la Mts. Mashes*: alloverte Rem attempiedbfber thiestemprenummt, In emporium with het et Pore. mss at • mon la owner" * bad the Minas= whisk Weil harm imam Ayres art lane Thel, asartheleadhgare lolonseilm hen hr not, se tie r year womorisibis N win et mei fouvest ft • spas* tesdrilia at llosOklos. Tin the pretraist yahoo be. toms the Mthatha sad lltts ssl Impala hes lsea the morn d mai km sot upt wises destraelim et proyarq in the as ipeth at bat Myatt Imam le Ile inn itstessel Ms ben ellandie *Ju rgen* the emesstrel hiorols dOh . tbet, ear these dormshesses, zillizSi=l=lllif BIM Ma.pruenternt le ream deer are. to he spits Open mom Max* said kr, mil an Wetly sormilly ssil%bet vtie yen thomiehals de hit lan se le peer he asp ithellie bee eam hr gbh . et Mat same respreis _salburt goinmeesil th e 11110.111 WOW aNiefizekln zt INlziosz .n IS ethwahe the MOM,ai* ME he a irpeWs brie bonen lbe pram le Ile thee. OW me* et al aemmodel Ithosearee. war semeenthin thesahre, ==esrmithhirrer ltaslsraee as le ans =mt. 'Ws wham may seem to bs OPENING or vu. 11•11101111611111011111/aNda Association, a body when bat organised ewes*/ the in. trade movement, have forwarded the follindar - nesotoriel to the Premier, calling his lordship's armies is the limited supply fo al in the kingdom, and the roaserneat injury to trade, and to the desirability of opening the ports, and a revisits et the nartrion laws : This .set ilon rep* with mob slum the position ot beet Drt. lain sat beload. be mbarss le the Meek sat pretable smite ot food. The sloth st s Za thela la bug h per Sy rehosioe amis. =ll al* It me he mote paha alba - Mit ay= asenath heatioreemil sma the at Seinen seep. od zienatly the pia od, yen ismassiMM repot to stale et tab la Oh an el bee Ono* reward he othisymot Is iestegatedria gesstly Villto the dimes mmi tee gemehat at this amen e yew. thot mien - means lune boa MO IMIRIERE Nefilliss, imissleg ear esea l ri l th " , Naha he trreser, The smoke et the ma a gamy sea. maim et the arthpllem laws, the Mgartatha et gut =thommtme. kr the ham is ma es lathalthothe. sod reekta he me gslm hen beam mmeL Welk telleCat gown ...ism' tarelnenst makm, they Mess the islet ear hanatilf huh te 4ve Ohm analetes the theft lenge* imer pormilim pa so math War tem unaormewhia—ma spirai. off by restr ■ iethog ,net w a ll .haai.heenghlfeifiirommeaah berths Min OrW la the ma et delivery ta iesthri. TIM mainlisg kas Who Wwth,e l tat .. lllnsenw.sent le gni& hid to the pthdeilla u.s assell. tresm espilong thr greet raft h the roo — or — Mien tew, to exprewealregthlas at Oa somay at gis sat, ject r o les gaily iml maser ettolthea abet 11~ mt. TORKSIIIRE. ALLEGRO CONTIRIIIONS TO ROMANIBIL—Much converse ticm was excited in Leeds on Saturday last by a report that on the previous day, being the Feast of the Circumcision, three gentlemen, who had been hitherto members of the Church of England, had been formally received into the Roman Catholic Church by the priest at St. Ann's Roman Catholic Chapel. The new converts are said to be the Itev. Mr. M'Mullen, 8.D., Fellow of C.C.C., Oxford, one of the curates of St. Saviour's church, Leeds, but who is understood to have been under suspension by the Bishop of Ripon for some time past; Mr. D. H. Haigh, lately a woollen merchant in Leeds, and who was stated to have given the rum of 10,0001. for the erection of a church in Leeds, which was not long ago commenced by the Vicar of Leeds, who laid the foundation-stone ; and Mr. T. W. Wil kinson, B.A. The apparent suddenness of these eonveraions has increased the surprise which has been expressed. STATE OP THE TTNE.—The entrance to the river, at Tyncmouth Bar, is daily becoming more dangerous. One ship after another is wrecked in eight of the owners, or so senously injured, by striking on the bar, u to be afterwards worthless. Yet, though such casualties are occurring day after day, and are occasioning serious concern to the ship owners of the port, the conservators of the river make no effort to remedy the evil, or even to inquire into it, and the natural consequences are beginning to follow. The character of the 'port is lowered - at the. inaunw 1140011, and increased premiums are demanded for large womb eon ing to load here. Surely this will awaken the river eentadtiee to a sense of duty. If their resident engineer cannot or will'not do something to improve the bar, let another compe tenCperson, such as Mr. Rennie or Mr. Walker, be imme diately consulted. The subject is not one for trifling or dallying with. It has been overlooked too long ; and, if a repetition of the diameters Muse last two or three weeks be again witnessed, we may anticipate very injurious conse quences to the iatereste of the port.—Nemeasdie Guardian. A Wlni MORDIREITII;IIS;:iii;iii.ND.—Tbe secluded village of Celdbeek was thrown into a state of great excite ment and alarm on Wednesday last, by the rumour that William Stalker had murdered his wife, aged about fifty years, on the preceding evening. Stalker has been for many years a respectable farmer at Willie Ridding', where he brought up a large family, and was about to quit the farm and keep a grocer's shop in Caldbeck. On Tuesday even ing last, he and his wife went to the farm to milk the WWII, and their not returning at", the usual time, about two house afterwards, one of their eons repaired to the farm to look after his father and mother, and on entering the house fell over something lying on the loot, when he fainted; on recovering he returned to Cald beck, and other persona went back to the farm-house, who found poor Mn. Stalker lying murdered on the floor. From the black marks which were discovered on both sides of her reek, it was presumed that she had been strangled. Her body was then removed to Csldbeck to her disconsolate iamily. Search was then made for the murderer, who was found the next morning sitting under a hedge in one of his own fields, and confessed that he bad murdered his wife by strangulation. Stalker has been in a state of mental debility for some time put. The family is one of the most respectable in the locality. An inquest was held, and a verdict of " Wilful Murder " returned. Stalker was immediately com mitted for trial. DUBMAIL. ANEW PORT CRIIATID CT RAILWLTS.—The TOSS for merly imported coal from the Tyne; the Stockton and Dar liogion Railway extending into the Arland nod Sol, dm collieries of which competed by land ardor on equal terms with the Newcastle collieries by eft, in supply. iag little seaport act Stockton with cods. On opening - the rail way in 1826, Stockton became a coal shipping ;sort, and son proved inadequate for the rising trade. In MO, Middlesborough consisted of one solitary farm-henn ; I this, with from fire to six hundred acres of land. wes per awed by T. Richardson, Esq., of Stamford Hill, Brien, and of Allonby, in this county It, Pone aid J. Emirs., both of Darlington • and two or three other= railway proprietors. The 'railway was extended to this place (about five miles), docks excavated, a thriving town sprung up • in 1838 a new church was erookni_ ; in 1832 • Brit is h school opened ; in 1842 extended accommodation wee required fees the shipment of ma Drops were placed skirting the specious docks of lion acres, just excavated, which 'Are connected w ith e n main line of railway by ten threefold brunches, laid ups a triangular platform fifteen lu:res in extent, having room for three thousand loaded waggons, or nine thornl tons of coals may to d.rop into the yowls. The tow" his [ for some years been lighted with gas; has several schools, [ chapels, a mechanics' institution, a news-room, a branch auk, a custom-house, ship-building yards, various inana key,,-ies, three iron Fiundrics, and extensive rolling .[1( for bar iron; aid but last week a splendid towa.hall an d extem i, e market-house were opened. The port is said not to be equi t,',•ll by any in the north (excepting the Forth), baring twenty-firs, feet of water on the bar at low water (more than either :a . ..wattle or Sunderland can boast at high water), and it is aeceasiWe by night as well as by day. It will be anticipated that much business must be done in this place. Accordingly, we find, from authentic records, that the shipments •)1 coal on the rivet Tres have been at Stockton, in 1841, 22,614 chaldrons (of 62 cwt.), and in 1845, 21,170; whilst at Middlesborough, the ship ments were 137,885, and 19.5,796 chaldrons. From the latter place it is raid 70.000 chaldrons of Brancepeth coke was shipped by one establishment to railway companies, iron foundries, and others, in the three kingdoms; and besides 268,10.5 tons of coal. were shipped by the Clarence Railway in the pa.t year, making the shipments of coal from the Tees now to exceed three times the quantity shipped at our good old aulport of Whitehaven.—Gateshead Observer. WARWICKSMRE TRR OVRILLAND MAIL —THR "DAILY News" EXPRESS, —BIRMINGHAM, SATURDAY.—The exprsas edition of the Daily News, containing the intelligence received by the overland mail from India, arrived here is-day, shortly after one o'clock, anticipating ull the other papers by several hours. The carefully-arranged reports of the Indian money market, and the state of the exchanges, formed a topic for much conversation amongst our commercial men; and a general feeling of satisfaction was evinced at the circum stance of the Daily News having again attained a victory over the combined press. THE EAST WORCESTEHAIIIHE ELECTION is fixed for Monday. the 11th instant, at Droitwicb, when it appears Capt. Itushout will he returned without opposition. The gallant candidate visited Pershore on Tuesday, and paid his respects to the electors, without regard to their political sen timents. A letter has been published from Sir John Pa kington to the constituency, on the subject of a charge, direct or inferred, brought by Mr. J. A Taylor, against the Conservative Association meeting at Droitnich, of having slighted his position as one of the members fur the division in the recent arrangement with the liberal party. Sir John's letter is considered to establish the f,ct of Mr. Taylor hating intimate.: his resignation under one, circumstances. LAW POUTRE RICH AND LAW rots THE Poore.—On the 29th November, George Grazebrook, Esq., and an humbler individual named George Smith, bought a horse each of two strangers, at the Malt Shovel Inn, Stourbridgc. It turned out, after the sellers had gone away, that the horses had been stolen. Although the sale was made in the presence of several persons, and without concealment, or collusion, a man came to the residence of Sin th, in the field adjoining the Ma't Shovel Inn, owned the horse Smith had bought, and took it away. About ten o'cloi kon the same night, policeman Bray took him from his wife and six small children, in custody to the Stourbridge prison, where he waa locked up for the night. On the following day he was taken before the magistrates at the public-office, and remanded till next day, when he was released. The day after (Friday) being Bewdley Fair, Smith desired policeman Bray to accompany him to the fair, hoping to meet the man from whom he had purchased the horse. They went. but did not find the party, and Smith returned to his home. On Saturday Superintendent Burton accompanied by the owner of the horse, took Smith ag yin into custody, and locked him up in prison till Monday, when he wan taken to Warwick, without having been taken before a Worcestershire justice, or any warrant for his apprehension being in exist ence. At Warwick he was taken before &justice and remanded till the following Saturday (Dec. 19). On that day Smith was brought before the same justice, and once more charged with stealing the horse. Howes remanded for another week. Oa the 26th Dee. the man was again taken before his worship and again remanded till Saturday, the 2nd Jas. Smith did no more than his richer neighbour, who also gave up the horse he had bought, but was troubled no more about this matter. We have copied these facts from the IVorcesler Journal. INEQIIALITT OF LOCAL RATTA.—A Lincoln correspond ent says:—" The parish of Stow has • population of 406, cowries 1,428 acres of land, and has seven mites of road to repair. Normanby and Stow-park, two hamlets of Stow, have a population of about 40, with 1,300 acres of land, and very little more than one mile of road to repair. Sturton and Bransby ore two townships in the parish of Stow ; they have a population of 497, with 2,034 acres of land ; but they have 13 miles of road to repair. Coates, • little parish ad joining the parish of Stow, has a population of 47, with 1,000 acres of land, but very little or no road repairs to effect. The above comparimens show how very unequally local taxation presses upon property; and were general at itistical returns obtained, both the road and the poor-rates would be found oppressively heavy in some eases, whilst in others large parishes are nearly exempt. Is it not time that both the road and the poor-rates were paid by an equal tax upon all property ?" WILTSHIRE. FOUR TOUNO MEN Lost THEIR LIVES by venturing on the ice last week in this county. They had been drinking at Stanton, and afterwards ventured on the Kennet and Avon Canal, 'dun the ice broke, and they fell into the water. AU was silence directly, and a fifth, named Ship man, who was with them, saw no more of his com panions. In sinking, he caught hold of the edge of come old ice, and remained for a time in this po sition, till, at last, with much difficulty he raised one leg on the ice, and after more delay and great effort he was enabled to get up the other, and then he crawled to the bank; but it was a long time before he could stand, being very cold and weak. Afterwards he went to All tannings, which he reached about ten o'clock, and gave information of what had taken place. Several persons immediat.ly went to the spot, where they saw the hats of the deceased on the water, and returned in the morning, when the bodies were taken out of the canal. One of the sufferers,lienry Withers, was found in an upright position, and hie hair was frozen to the top of the ace. N erdict— " Accidentally drowned." A PCBLIC MEETING, to take into consideration the die tressed state of the highlands and islands of Scotland, was held at Torquay on Thursday last, Lord Sinclair in the chair. Several gentlemen spoke, and a committee, consisting of the principal residents of the town and neighbourhood, of all de nominations and parties, was formed, for the purpose of ob taining contributions in aid of the object of the meeting. It was further suggested, that collections should be made in the various churches and chapels. Several contributions, including one of 201. from Sir C. E. Smith, were received on the spot. Tua DAILY NEWII."—SOUTHAMPTON, JAN. 2.—The Daily News was received this morning, containing, exclu sively, an extraordinary express from India, via Trieste. This news came most opportunely, just previous to the de parture of the West India and Ent India mail packets. ANCIENT COINS FOUND.— The excavators employed between Basingstoke and Sberbourne, on the line of the intended Basingstoke and Reading Railway, have, within the last week, found a considerable number of gold, silver, and other coins, bearing date A.D. 409. The gold coins are thin, and about the rise of a shilling; the others are more the sire of a sixpence. The impressions are partly obliterated, yet they are sufficiently legible to be decyphered. The chief clerk at the station has several, and it is supposed the men at work have found many, as some have been known to part with those they found for beer, in the neigh bouring public.houses and beer-shops In this neighbour hood stood the old Roman town of Bikhester, where, it is said, Constantine waa crowned in A.D., 407, two yearn before the date of the coins found. The ruined walls of the castle covered with ivy, inclosing a space of one hundred acres, and fields, positively a maw of broken tiles, alone remain to denote this apparently extensive Roman station. The streets crossing the area, sad an amphitheatre at the north-east may be traced. EXTENSIVE HOnIIE-STIALING —On SiLW/di), an elderly man named James Robinson, described u a hone-dealer, but who was formerly a grocer at Bleekwater, was brought be fore the magistrates at Winchester, for further examination on n• fewer than eight charges of horse-stealing. The pri mula' was apprehended at Hammersmith, and after a short Srsoidestion et the Hammersmith police -c ourt, was sect down to Wlsebelhe, it being more ionvenientio the wit nesses. It appeared Rem the enigma gone into that the Fi del] er bad, for the lastthree months, Um in the habit of going backwards and forward' to the Raven public-house, - kept by Mr. William Beasely, in the New-road, Hammersmith, generally staying two or three days in a week, and several times bringing hones with him. On the 19th of November last he brought with him a grey gelding, nearly thorongt,- bred, which he kept there a week. Dazing aniline prisoner offered it for We to several p ggase at e e s, telling them that he was a small know awl NM it On the 19th of December, • policeman, while pushy th e Raven, saw the prisoner there with time se Isar pe mite , and heard one sok him if he had sold his _gm bees The prisoner said he had, but had only got 431., elm 1' ‘, ought to have been 601., er it was nearly lb** oo ll ll . ll . d. The poolionsan, impeding ressethieg was VIT, spells* . *aka& lord on the ea bj ert,whe gem hies delariOse mama The constable immediatelyiessemmitstml theism* ma, t o gad, Mount, T 20, who went to Me gems ea the Mr m a y atsaa ing, having in the irmentims• eseertidasi f .at a b an s answering the deseripWa _bed been dohs Si Aa a gab as Me premise' of Mr. Ber man. ersalumen sAim Andover station, sad questieend the pries jan bk acme wee Robinson ?--if the ow lens was t aaaaar e a , g a g whore he had bought it t The prisoner v ,flmadryaita He Ratquestioe but made no reply to , a ob er gaw k., Meat that ;eked lie if the bay bent be maa maw b a , lowed to him; mei Mhelltee a grey he .m in Il e sat sWl was his also? The perm e said b e ak win bk , and thee le had bee& the odd • her seem hesitation, added. I name Yoe dm raw to tube ma R. was thee seemed, sod it wet sworttair ed that i s Rey hone steles tress Mr. Itrienden, whack JIG phew sea had gone into Yorkshire, mes et the mama Mon Mehiessf Mr. Shackle, in Oaford-nasal, where it arm s na g b y mama and wan. tilled by Mr. Saunders. it,,i4 sala wag a m ems kg. , /rad thati• la **Lel st bole , isnelem mined at . ems sliably se the Mee 176 Ne vember Led. mei wet d aim as do jam b e, what the thee ems Rantsind. bat net dated y a Main m it wen ea he rest me sing, Mr. Charles Lee, et Coldrey, Ewa, thriti led the bay cart gelding as the pro perty of his mother. It led Men shun from his stable on the Fight of the 140% Dec. last. There were two ethic Meese in the stable which was brakes ems, het they wire net taken. A stable adjoining bed she hem heehaw epee, het the door he.eing a chain las a street deer, the thief meld not enter ; in that stable were her ealimble hesdien.—Mr. Webb, of Dagenerhild, identified the grey mum else h and at the Raven, and valued at thirty guineas, so h orina Nes stolen from his premises on the night of the 2d of December. —The bench said it would be unnecessary for shim to pa into the other cases against the prisoner, as the esideace in the three cases in which the depositions were taken wire so clear as to ensure a conviction.—The prisoner was committed for trial at the Spring Ansizcs.—A summois woe invited for the attendance of a person named Tinely, of Hanger Farm, Ealing, who is said to have purchased Mr. Saunders's hors. at Mr. Shackle's fur 431 A DE 4 PERATIL AFFItAT took place on the beach at Haat port, on Friday night, between the county police and same soldiers. The soldiers were numerous, and left one of Cie police, named Henry Blake, to all appearance dead, and he was conveyed in that state to the station-house ; he is still living, but in a most precarious state. Another wan, one of the licensed watermeu, named Brazier, who aatided the policeman, Mak:, is also lying in a most dangerous state. Two men, named Samuel Lang and Thibba Irwin, were on Saturday committed by Capt. Samuel until Saturday next, for further exantinatko, they hating been id. mined!, anti Lang particularly, es having given what is at present consi dered the fatal blow, with a poker, on poor Blake's head. LITERATURE. Memoirs of General Pepe; comprising the principal mili tary and political events of Modern Maly. A patriot, with faith which exile has not withered a soldier, with fortitude which defeat has not broken ; and an honest man, whose confidence in humanity has not been weakened by instances of individual treach ery ; could not fail to produce an interesting work, even though its style should betray the hand of a foreigner, and its arrangement that of an unpractised author. Patriotism, valour, and honesty are impreeeed on every page of these vo lumes; and it is impossible to read them without feeling that we hal prematurely despaired of Italy—too soon abandoned hope of the land which has inspired such faithful love. Fatal, in deed, has been the (Oft of that beauty which Filicaja at once boasted a:,d deplored; but that which has long lured the forei ;Tier, may yet inspire the native— even suffering has its use in teaching that what is worth being seized is worth being defended. Pepe's infancy n. 'y be said to have dawned on the first hopes that were formed for the rege:.cration of Italy : may its close witness their accomplishment I Towards the close of the last century the kingdom of the Two Sicilies, under the wise administration of Bernardo Tanucci, enjoyed a long space of peace and prosperity, such as has rarely been the fate of a kingdom governed by one of the elder branches of the house of Bourbon. A sad change camp, a hen the young monarch Ferdinand married Caroline of Austria. It is a curious freak of fortune that the sone of the house of liapsburg have always by their matrimonial alliances added to the strength and wealth of their own dynasty, while the daughters are proverbial for bringing ruin on the dynasties with which they become connected. Mane Antoinette was the fate of Louis XVI. ; Marie Louise, less di rectly, the destiny of Napoleon ; and Marie Caroline, the sister of one, and the aunt of the other, was the evil genius of the kingdom of Naples. Her influence over her husband was directed only to lead him into acts of violence, cruelty, and misgovern ment. All that was sound or sane in the kingdom of Naples was alienate d from the court, when the out burst of the French Revolution shook every throne in Europe to its foundations. It was not unreason able that Caroline, the sister of Marie Antoinette, should have viewed even the earlier and more inno cent stages of this portentous movement with suspicion and indignation. But Naples was not in a state to send a contingent to Coburg, or add its signature to the blustering proclamations of Brunswick : its finances were in confusion, its army disorganised, and its navy, under the administration of Acton, nothing but a mockery. It was not until the autumn of 1798 that the Neapolitans, instigated by Austria, took an active part in the war; the Aulic Council of Vienna deemed it necessary to eend a leader to the forces of their ally, and their choice fell on General Mack, to whom the campaign of Ulm has given unenviable notoriety. The northern powers denounced the French republicans as violators of national rights, while they were themselves engaged in the partition of Poland; Ferdinand of Naples followed the imperial example, and having proclaimed himself protector of the Italian States, forthwith illustrated the nature of that protection by taking military pos session of Rome. But his cowardice was equal to his precipitancy : alarmed by the successes of the French, he fled home in disguise, leaving Mack to mismanage the Neapolitan army. A series of strategic blunders, so great as to occasion suspicion of treachery, speedily destroyed that army, and Ferdinand, abandoning his continental dominions, fled in an English ship to Sicily, leaving Naples to its fate. Though a large body of the citizens felt inclined to hail the F: ench as liberators, yet the lazzaroni made a brave defence of the capital, and, if properly supported, might have turned the tide of war. But, deserted by the king and court, they had nothing to fight for, and when they ceased from resistance, the kingdom of Naples was virtually at an end. It was at this period that Pepe entered on public life; he belonged to a party which had long borne with impatience the yoke of the feeble Ferdinand and the infamous Caroline ; this party, regarding the flight of their tyrants as an act of abdication, resolved to establish a new form of government, and proclaimed the Parthenopean re public. It was at this time the fashion in Europe, and especially in England, to represent all republicans as vulgar Jacobins, similar to the sanguinary mobs of Paris ; but in Naples the republican party comprised the principal landowners, the bulk of the learned pro fessions, and nearly all the middle classes; in short, almost everybody possessing sufficient acuteness of moral sense to be shocked by the cruelties of a vicious court and the crimes of a depraved priesthood. It is the more necessary to dwell on these points, as a dis tinguished modern writer, Sir Harris Nicolas, has described the establishment of the Parthenopean Republic as an act of unprovoked rebellion. He might much more reasonably apply such an epithet to the English Revolution of 1688; the admieistra ot Ferdinand was stained with greater crimes them that of James II.; the flight of both kings ren dered it necessary to provide a new government, and in Naples there were not materials for a constitu tional monarchy, even if the French would then have consented to such an arrangement. Pepe, though a mere youth, became an ardent supporter of the republic; he and his associates were thoroughly persuaded that the exclusion of ire Bour bons was necessary to the salvation of their country, and the great object of their pokey was to prevent the return of the court. But they had to contend with many disadvantages; the emeducated peasants in Calabria, and the ignorant Lazzaroni, were easily per suaded by designing monks sad fanatical priests that the late revolution was an set of blasphemy; " an army of the faith " was orgaaised, and just at the same time the selfish policy of the French greatly abated the zeal of the supporters of the republic. Pepe saw the danger sad struggled against it; but he had neither the rank nor the ego necessary to secure in fluence, and while the neesenty for doing something was debated, the time la which anything could be done effect's' slipped away. During th e absence of Napoleon in Egypt the 'military glory of France was tarnished in Germany and Northern Italy ; " the army of the faith," guided by Cardinal Ruffo, who united the ferocity of a bandit to the fanaticism of a monk, rapidly increased in strength ; England lavishly supplied gold to the exiled Sicilian court, and an Anglo-Sicilian armament landing on the Neapolitan coasts soon put an end to the republic. The fall of the friends of liberty was not dishonourable ; most of them were ready and willing to die "with hand on hilt," and they yielded not until they had obtained a stipulation that they should be removed by sea to another land, where they could neither leel the vengeance of the Bourbons, nor witness their country's ' degradation. Most of them had embarked according to the terms of the capitulation, when, in an evil hour, Nelson arrived fresh from the glories of the Nile in the bay of Naples. He denied the validity of any treaty concluded with those whom he pleased to all rebels, and to reward Queen Caroline's connivance at his disgraceful adultery with Lady Hamilton, he took an active part in gratifying the Queen's int for legal murder. We gladly pus over the sickening tale of treachery and butchery which followed. Pepe deemed himself fortunate in being sentenced merely to perpetual exile ; he arrived is France about the tame that Buoneperte returned from Egypt, obtained a com mission in the Italian Legion, and took a share in the campaign rendered for ever memorable by thermoses of the Alps and the battle of Marengo. The victories _ of France - patriots a plot' and doomed Pitt'. Frans* . = . ranee put an sod to the persecution of the ota ; Mk returned home, bat soon engaging in of to restore liberty to his no tow( .i in . r aarres ted doomed to ' the loathsome =to • ea. I . tt's but sod moat I. , :72 se wags formed la INS; '961; Auipt If: . 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