The Express. — London, England, 1856-01-14 00:00:00

I' int Oxpreoo. 0 CO RH ESPON DENTS. tvertlatorn 1211. " Lamas," WOMB 1.1/los paper, own le at 10, BOUTItTiII4I/Sioi kr Tee inglei to 1k dty of rout:Ova. RUM WATIR AT LONDON BRIDGI. —lUntidsvg. Vt. Oa .......Aftersoca M. 'ft To-miaow' —S LornUML 11 210•••••••"111.111•16 M. °I" LONDON, MONDAY, JANUARY 14. THE Emperor of the Firma is emulous of Lord Junx BUQSF.LL and Mr. GLADSTONE. He has re -6°1%4 d to •how the world that he too can lecture, as well as li•:gtieh ex-Ministers. He does not indeed mount the platform, like the statesmen we have named: he contents himself with 'peaking through the columm• of the Mundsur. His theme, like Mr. GLADSTONE N, is admtnistrative theory and practice. Mr. GLittsruNt took, to illustrate his view", the working .•f tto Colonial Department; the Euentou takes the functions of the Senate. He is bent upon Ming both the ALFRED and the De Lotux of France; be will show the world that he can make a consti tution and explain it too. He is ambitious of being' recognised as the Admirable CRICHTON or the Lord BROUGHAM of French monarchs. According to the Imperial expander of his own law, the c.usiitution of a people is "the mechanism of its gcretnalen., both in Its ensemble and the details I,t the wheels which compo , .. it." The order, activity, and unity of administration depend on the precision with which all the wheels move at the cams time, and the exactness with which each keeps la Its own plume. The clockwork of the French Orealitu•ion of 1852 consists of five wheels—the Blanton, his Ministers, the Council of State, the Senate, and the Legislative Body. The function of the EMPEROR is to govern as well as reign. The function of the Ministers is to be " the direct agents of the Crowe." The function of the Council of State is to" preperc the laws which the Ministers pro pose." The function of the Senate is to " initiate the laws prepared by the Council, and proposed by the Ministers." The fraction of the Legislative Body is to" vote the laws and the budget." Here certainly is " unity " with a vengeance. The EMPEROR "reigns and governs ;" the Council prepares the laws which he orders to be drawn up; the Ministers propose the laws which he orders to be drawn up ; the Senate initiates the laws which De l has ordered the Council to draw up, the Senate to propose; the Legislative Body votes the laws which he bee ordered the Council to prepare, the Ministers to propose, and the Senate to initiate. The fire wheels am la truth, tali , one wheel; the same Imperial will disguised in different shape, speaking by different mouths. When the EMPIROII speaks, he appears like an actor in his own person; when the few bodies speak he is the director of the poppet show who draws the strings of the puppets, and utters the voices that arc supposed to corns from them. Well may the Imperial lecturer say that the mechanism of this constitution is "simple," and calculated to produce harmony and prevent conflicts. There can, indeed, be no cociiet where there is only one will — unless, indeed, the Sovereign " divide himself and go to buffets." It was scarcely necessary to add, the. " the first aim of the legislator of 1862 was to emancipate the Government from Par liamentary control." In this he has succeeded to his heart's content. In the second object which he says he proposed to himself, he has scarcely been so success. ful. He states that it was "to create an independent Legislative Body." The Legislative Body might in deed hare been independent, if he had rested satis fied with "causing it to be elected by universal suffrage, securing to it the most perfect freedom of discussion in the vote of the laws and the budget. and admitting no public functionary into its bosom." But at the same time he denied it the privilege of originating either the laws or the budget, and he "regulated" the right of amendment. The Legisle. l ties Body can only discuss those laws which ars sub silted to it ready made, and it is refused the power of making any amendments on them. It is bitter irony to call a Legislature so manacled, " in dependent." The Imperial lecture as the functions of the Senate appears to have been called for by soese misappre hensions among the members of that body se to its real character. "Hu the Senate," asks the lecturer, " anderrood all the importance of its high mission P" This gust ion is not answered directly, bat some light is threwn upon it by a complaint in the be ginning of " the lecture," that the working of new Constitutions is embarrassed by " inveterate tradi tions, which resist the most imperious applications of principles which Goodman and necessities which transform them;" cad the sly questioc, " Iles not the Senate allowed the recollections and practices of the old Peerap to have too much influence over it P" Obviously the Senate has forgotten that it is a mere puppet of which the EMPEROR is to draw the strings, and has imagined itself " instinct with life"—capable of spontaneous, voluntary, independent action. The Senators, France, the whole world, will henceforth be disabused of this dangerous error. The great privilege of the Senate, the Imperial letterer proclaims, is that it his plenty of time on its hands. The Senate of Francs is an Avatar of Mitros's " Retired Leisure." We are told that "it depends on the Senate itself to 'mks its leisure more useful than were the labours of the assembly whose place in the Luxembourg it coespiew" It was in consequence of a profound calealation that the Consti tution of 1852 " gave it plenty of time." Time (or leisure—for the suede are used by the Imperial lec turer as synonymous) is declared to be " study, observation, reflection, incessant search after every thing that is required by the moral and physical improvement of the people, the intimate of agricul ture, the development of labour and credit, the prosperity and security of Franco.' Parliamen tary assemblies had no leisure; Ministers of State had and never will have leisure; but the envi able Senate of France is to hays leisure in abund ance. In short, the Senate is to represent in the Constitution of 1862, the Simoarg of SOUTHEY'S Thole* which sate blinking on the verged 'untie°, elaborating wisdom in an eternal don; the Senators in the Constitution of 1852 are to be as fru from all necessity of actively isterfering in human affairs as the Old. of Eetcolus. They are to enjoy the title of Senators ; to pocket their pensions ; to 'meditate and to do nothing. A negro who accompanied Farina- LIN to this country isesid to have remarked that the bog was the only gentleman in Ragland—. every body work bat be," Troth Saano. The Senators of France are its gentlemen, par excellence—its hogs : everybody works, bat they enjoy perpetual ropes Above tbs die sad stir ef this dell world Which asa all web. The Emperor of the Fan= may boast with the hero of the drama from whisk these Hass are taken: I Will 9000 be tvraleb'd with es fate a train As ant my ewes/ Pre& Atter all there ii soaretltiag erg ealguatieal 'best this lecture. This is the anew II toted eboruass the EMPEROR erg:wars to wish t hat should be awd vernally understood that the • is a elmmide let to be acted. The hi,torical itecedeot wh appears to present the closest afsibogyegr 2 flsis box eMilue ear adminivered by Imperial hands to the Senate, is the scuffle, recorded by Contsw, between the super numeraries who enacted the fore and hind legs of the pasteboard elephant at Drury-lane. THERE is something appropriate in convecting the' elevation of Mr. Baron PARKE with questions of law and precedent. And this result, we must confess, has been admirably achieved by the terms of the patent which bestows the dignity of a Peer on that learned person ; for he is now Baron WENSLEYDALE 1 1 OF WENSLEYDALE for the term of his natural WC As to the power of the QUEEN to create any title she pleura, subject to any limitation she pleases, there can be no manner of doubt, for as it is said she is the fountain of honour, ard that fountain is inex hanstible. Indeed, Lord Coxe lays it down ex pressly that a peerage may be granted to a man or a woman during their lives, though not for a ' term of years, inasmuch as upon death it would have to go to executors. And in one case Lord' BROUGHAM dimmers the question whether a peer age may not be granted pur ourrs vie, or, in other words, during the life of another person ; bat comes to the conclusion that it cannot be eel granted, because it would be Impossible to exercise' the peer'. privilege of voting in the House of Lords 1 without knowing whether the person on whose life the existence of the dignity depended were alive or dead. The legality, however, of life peerages does not depend upon mere theory, for such peerages are aot wieboat precedent. In the year 1543, HENRY VIII. granted the dig nity of Earl of Thomoud to MURROUGH O'limatt for the term of his life, or, as the patent rune, pro ter mite* rigs. In 1719, EVANOARD MELOSINE SCIIII LENBERO, the mistress of GIORGI I-, was create Duchess of Kendal for her life ; and in 1722,Mxtrxisis. Da Scutmcestaci, the natural daughter of the same monarch, afterwards the wife of the famous Earl o!' CHtsTERTIRLD, was created Counties of WALSING- Hay for life also. Both upon principle and upon authority, therefore, the grant of the Barony of Wensleydale for life is unimpeachable. Hitherto, as it seems, peerages for life have been used for the ignoble purpose of ennobling the mistress of a king, and, as Lord THoiti.ow one. told the Doke of Oaarrox, " the accident of an accident," and there fore we cannot but congratulate the Pante MINISTER upon the bold wisdom which dictated the exercise of en undoubted Royal Prerogative by conferring • life peerage open so eminent a lawyer as Baron PARES. For it is, indeed, difficult to exaggerate the important parpoess which may be served by peerages for life. Henceforth it will no longer be necessary to deny poor men the rank doe to their merits—to thrust it upon them to the discomfort *of themselves and their families; or to bribe them to accept dignities by here ditary pensions. Henceforth, a GOLDSMITH or a lonnsoo, a TaccxmaY or a HALLAM, a Hen- SOUL, or a FARADAY, may take their seats among the Peers of England. We are not so bigotted as to think that no man of hereditary nobility ass be illustrious except by courtesy. Sash an assertion is consistent neither with probability nor with fact. But we venture to think that as our House of Peers derives its chief dignity from the august memories of the past, so the men of the present, most eminent in literature, in seienes,and in artomo not fail to add dignity to an assembly however famous. lint it is not only because the creation of life peer agee will give additional means of conferring honour, and will even add a lustre to the Houma Lords, that we approve of the novelty in speedos, but it is be came by this means an obvious method is prepared by which the Home of Lords may be rendered an admirable Court of AppeaL As things at present stand, it is impossible to conceive a more unsatisfac tory court of justice. No case ever comes up to be debated there until it has passed through pro bably two or three inferior courts. It is surely obvious that the ultimate court of appeal—from England, Scotland, and Ireland—ought to be a court constituted of all that is most learned and dignified in the empire. And yet we have only to ask Lord Sr. LIONAILDS whether the House of Lords contains a single qualification amoogit the many rare qualifi cations of which such a court stands in need. Cor rupted as his lordship now seems to be by rank sod by wealth, it may be doubtful whether his opinion is worth having; but let any one take the trouble to consult the opinions epee the matter recorded by him is his books, and he will be at no lose to find mesas for desiring a change. The existence of the House of Lords as a court of appeal is • complete anomaly. There the CHANCELLOR sits dem-- aided perhaps sometimes by one or two legal peers, sometimes by one or two noble lords immersed in semi& In certain cases no doubt the judges are summoned to advise j but instances are not wanting in which, notwithstanding their almost unanimous opioiass, • different opinion has pre vailed. And it is notorious that one case at least which was decided, and wrongly decided, by Lord BROUGHAM, when he constituted the House of Lords, has caused infinite trouble and perplexity, from the obvious &Mosby of the Supreme Court of Appeal overruling its own &aloe. Some attempts have from time to time been made to pat an end to the Hass of Lerds as a court of appeal, bet without soma. The jealousy of peen au this subject is matter of history, and the somewhat indecorous freest at the close of the last session between the LORD CHANCELLOR and the SOLICITOR GENERAL as to this matter shows that the same jealousy still subsists. To divest peers, therefore, of their privilege to sit as judges of appeal would seem to be a task well nigh hopeless. Nevertheless, if this new system of granting peer ages for life be judiciously need, no such violent change will be requisite. Only let the two Lords listless and the Judicial Members of the Privy Coun cil be created Peers for life, and the Judicial Bench will not only derive additional dignity, but the deci sions of the Hones of Lords will acquire additional respect. Take, for example, the names of those dis tinguished men who, if cur proposal were carried into effect, would take their meats in the Hones of Lords—and we venture to thick no names could consti tute a more admirable tribunal. Seca are the names of Sir JOHN PATERSON, of Sir WILLIAM MAULI, of Dr. LUSIIIIIOSoN, of Lord Justice BRIGHT BRUCE, and of Lard Justice TURNER. Surely if the au bolding the same position for the time being as the nose we have just mentioned are to constitute the House of Lords as a Court of Appeal, it would be utterly unnecessary ever to names the ledges for their advice—except epos some very 'pedal ossmicol; and it would certainly be impossible 'o lad any ease in which the pier who proaanced the decision bad shown himself *Dorset or forgetful of legal prinsiplre, or in which kis judgment had been warped by private intermit or party prejudice. Above all, we should so longer witness that strange seemly of two or three lawyers, lanes they are peers, overruling tee or twelve lawyers bemuse they I are simple knights and jostler.. WI ileum; Weed: that Baron Assonnus Weber bo sees ass le likely to be,. ow, and to soup Illlommim. THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 14, 1856. therefore the limitation for We May look something. likaa 4aam. But. we ars Oispcsad to dilatant the peeuliar circumstsmees of * raw point at the other way. Lord • FALMIMITOn Las, we trust, wider slum lied for mile views we wiedially give him credit. For it is impossible to debt that the Palma MINISTER has already sown the seeds of a system which may yet bear golden trait. (FROM A WEST-END CORRESPONDENT.) Os dit that there is to be a land campaign in the north; 40,000 English and 50,000 French troops are to be employed ; the former to be withdrawn from the Crimea, under the command of Sir Colin Camp bell. On dig that Admiral Lushington, who com manded the "Naval brigade "—a dashing offioer, only 44 years old—is to command the Baltic fleet this year. On girt that Mr. Gladstone is to lead the peace party in the House of Commons next session, and that Lords Blandford and Granby, Sir James Graham, Messrs. Cobden, Bright, Milner Gibson, and Laing (the member for the Austrian railways), have enrolled themselves under his banner. It is alleged that they are to be backed by some M.P.a connected with the money market, but that Mr. Disraeli stands aloof. On dit that a question is to be raised in the House of Commons as to the propriety of giving the Lhiltern Hundreds to a man in the position of the ex-member for Rochester. LATEST cur court. WINDSOR, Jaw. 12. The dinner party yesterday included the Duchess of Heat, the Coast of Flanders, Lady Fussy Howard, Da -1 roams de Speth, the Speaker of the How of Commons sad Mre. Shaw Lefevn, Sir OeorgaCouper, Rear-Adtatrel lie- Bitten, sad Captain Ban nHe. The band of the Grenadier Guards performed dating dinner. The Quen's private band nfterwarda played in the Castle. Price, Albert, secerapanied by the Count of Pleader', west to London this morning by a special train of the South Western Railway. The Prince drove to Buckingham Palace, sad returned to the Castle at two reabsok in the Juno's. Tits Coast of Flanden visited the Belgian Minister, in Portland place ; and also paid a visit to the Dachas of Olowestev, at Gloucester House. Hie Repel Hightails , enemas returned to the Canis. The Right Hoe. the Speaker and Mrs. Shaw Wane, and RevAdminl W. A. B. Hamilton left the Ciatle in the afternoon. The dinner party Included the Deans of Heat, the Prisons Royal, the Count of Flanders, Lady Fanny Hosrud, Dueness de Bpoth, Col. the Hoa. C. B. Phipps, and Captain Burnell& The Baad of the 2nd Life Gouda played daring Caner, sad afterwards her Majesty's priests band. Scruusu, Isis lb. The Hama aad Prism, the Prime of Wales, the Prisons 'loyal, Priam Alfnd, and the Prisms Alias, the Ladies sad geatlesea of the Court and the Dosestie Household, attended Divine Henke this monde( Is the Prints Chapel of the Cantle. The Hoa. sad Very Ray. the Dean of Windsor oflkdated. Viseauat Pataaerstou loft town on Saturday for his ant Broadlauds, Haat& Sir Charles Wood alas ►eft town es Saturday es a visit to Visoonat Palmerston. Despatches for the Governor of the Cape of Good Hope wars lest on Saturday frost the Cslosial•ofdoe. MINISTERIAL MOVEMENTS. The Earl of Clarendon was prevented from at- Wading the Cabinet Cooacil ea Friday, by the airfoils M assa of a pour relative. The amble earl remains at the Grove, am Watford. The Chancellor of the Backmost was also pmeloded from atteadiag the Cabinet Council by illness in the family. The Right Ron. H. Labeeichere has left tows, for Stoke. perk, sear Windsor. The right hon. gentleman and lAdy Katy eons* to town for the season the week after neat. ---- The Right Hon. Hobt. Vernon Smith, M.P., left town aft*: the Cabinet Council or Friday. for his swat, Farming Woods, Northamptonshire. . . Viscount Palmerston has returned to Smallest& The noble Premier and Lady Palmerston will eons to town sent week. Sir Warp Grey is rapidly :seaming frog Iris recent aceldrrt. THE QUEEN'S PRESENT TO MISS NIGHTIN- GALE. The design—suggestedby the Prime Consort— er the jewel presented by her Majesty to Miss Nightingale, eo•sists of • St. George's Cross in ruhrried natal, on • white field, reastosting England. This is encisclird by • black bud, typifying the Aloe of Chuity, ea which is laseribed • golden legend, " Biased ue the mercit•L" The Royal donor is 'sprinted by the lotion " V. R.," slu m:anted by • Grown in diamonds, impressed upon the •ant» of the St. Georges Cross, from whisk oleo nye of gold em••tUeg upon the Laid of white maw] are supposed to ',preen, the glory of England. Widespresiiing breaches of palm, in bright green teams], tipped with gold, form • framework for the shield, their steam at the batom being banded with • ribbon of blue enamel (t►• colour of the ribbon for the Crimean medal), on which, in /olden letters, is Inaeribed " Crimea." At the top of the shield, het's'a the palm breathes, and soaneti•g the w►ole, three brilliant sten of diamonds illeatrate the idea of the light of Heaven shed upon the 'sheen of Mercy, Peace, and Charity, in Gonne:lon with the glory of • union. Oa the beck of this Royal jewel is en inscription ea • golden tablet, written by her Majesty, !audios It to be • gift and testimostal in memory of anion rendered to her brats arm by MiseNightingals. Tie jewel is about three [lsobel' is depth by two sad a halt fa width. It Is to be worn, not as a breast or one meat, but rather es the badge of as order. The Dacha, of Cambridge sad the Princess Mary 1 1 exited the Casbridp Arylana for &Idlers' Widows. at l Kingston, on Friday, sad presented to each of the inmates a eau of money to bay was, together with • pair of name worked by their Royal Highnesses. . The Rad of Cardigan is continuing to dispense his hasetuility to a distinguished circle of Mends. The Sul sad Comatose of Jersey and Lady Clementine Villiers am *spatted to WIT. at Daum Park to day. Mealtleol 07 LADY hie FIELDIRO.—T. a nup tials of this lady tad Captain Livett took pleas at Kook's Kirby thatch on Thursday last The bridal prowessioa sea slated of twenty-seven muskies. After the seisms cere mony a ineeptimuts breakfast was provided at Netsukes' Paddoz, the seat of the But of Denbigh, the bride's father. —l4sasingtous Courier. Lord Panmarr, Scontary of State for War, has heou suffering, for moms days pest, from an attack of gout. The attack is a severe one, cad has &Footed the right head. A eonfarraes would have been held at the War Department on Friday, is the middle of the day, of a oomesitta of the Cabinet /dialogue, W inset eons of the principal naval and military ant►orities, but the Masao of the fiennotary of Slats for War caused the meeting to be postponed. The attack also prevented Us lordship from etteedlei the Cabinet Conseil ea Irrilay. The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland entertained the follow*/ at dialler oo Thoredsy, Jas. 10: the Earl sod Comte= of Miltown, the Win Leone, Hon. Edward Loma. Lady Joust sad Mies Welroad, Cokeel La Tosehri, Collard Cesspits'!, Coloaol Mandy, Captain Fllsgenkir lllsjee White, Mr. Hans White, Mr. sad Lady Filmy Howard, Mr. Haiku, Mr. Sepiolite, Major UMW, Capt. Hatallims, Mr., Mn., tad Min William', Mr. Lasoley, Mr. 0. Beset, Lord Essetioressb, side•daessep is walla,. WdOWTERIAL CHANOISIL—Mr. W. 7. Broderip, FAA., P.L 8 , F.O e., V.P.Z.B , who has for the very ' , tailboard period of t►irty-fear years earnaltttegly die shaved the moron' dears of poliso moistest* at the Timm sad Weetniseter Coarse, hes retired, 'win, we roffit W airy, to derlialag ►ealth. Mr. Pepin, tof tbe Wandsworth sad Esumnnith Courts, wW saeseed Itla at Werradaster. and lir. Dayelaa—obe woe salted Is mad ►as bees may yam praettsiag apes the Wooers Crash —lrW supply t►e Tome, awed by Ye reimeval. Tms BACIen HAIIIIOeIe (locum. KILIZZIOATALL, pertere Heade% " hetes alessebees" de ?Web the We last ; XL Blau Reeve elegies the Wad* tem nee% NEWS FROM ABROAD AMERICA. THE PRESIDENTS MESSAGE. (IT I(&QNITIO 011011 0111 LIVERPOOL, IIIoNDAT. The Asia, Captain Lott, arrived off the bar at 7 o'clock this morning, and sent in mails by tugboat. The weather was very foggy. There are 118 pas sengers on board, bat no specie. The dates are, New York, January 1 ; Boston, 2; and Halifax, 4. The President's Message wee delivered on the 81st of December. There wu no balloting for Speaker, the day being consumed in debat ing whether the Menage be received or not. The sendiog the Message to Congress before the popular branch of that body was prepared to receive it, took the country by surprise. The President assigns as motives for this extraordinary step his conviction that his duty would not permit him to postpone the obli gation enjoined on him by the constitution to give ' information of the state of the Union. The pacific tone of the Message gave great eatifsetion. Gold had been found in Chili; 10,000 dollars worth was found in fourteen days at Naciameoto, by an American. The steam-ahlp Law arrived at New York on the 28th December; from Aspinwall 19th, with 11 mil lions of treasure. The Indian war was regiog. A celebration in honour of the fan of Sebastopol had taken place, in grand style, at Ban Francisco. The Peru legislature was about to sell all the guano at the Chinch& Islands, value 380,000,000 dollars. The steam-ship Star of the West arrived at New York en the 29th December from Ban Juan with halt a million treasure. Walker's government bad be come more popular. —. __ The Northern Light had been searched, and found to contain saddles, ploughshares, types, &c.; she sailed on the 26th for Nicaragua. The Central American imbroglio between the United States and England upon the Clayton Bulwer Treaty is the paramount topic of importance. The Ada brought Captain Griffin and the crew of the schooner Sarah, of Halifax. On the 11th she ezehanpd signals with the Africa, and on the 13th paned the Baltic. - ._. The dates from Mezioo are to the 18th. They state that Alvarez, having resigned the Presidency, and retired to the &mit, General Comoafort has assumed supreme authority and organised a new ministry. Commercial: Money market very heavy for exchange, and large and increasing supply of outside bills. Cotton steady, flour fair demand, prices firm. Pork dull, freights no change. THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. The first topic is the relations of the United States with Great Britain, and among these relations prece donee is given to those growing out of the misunder standing between the two Governments, ea to the in terpretation of the Clayton-Balwer treaty. In that treaty it was stipulated that neither party shall oc cupy, or fortify, or colonise, or assume, or exercise, any dominion near Nicaragua, Costa Itioa, the Mos quito coast, or any pert of Central Americo. This clause the Americ►n Government interprets into a relinquishment by Great Britain of any territorial claims or pretensions to every part of the country in cluded between Mexico oa the north, and New Gra nada on the south, though it seems to be admitted that this renunciation does not so extend to the occupation of the Belize, for the purpose of obtaieing woods and mahogany. It is fur ther alleged by the President that this supposed ab rogation by Great Britain was the sole inducement on our part for entering into a treaty, and, as he ex presses it, consenting to restrictions in regard to a region or country, wherein we had specific and pecu liar interests. He now complains that while Great Britain holds America strictly to all those restrio Lions, she insists that, so far as she was concerned, the prohibition to colonise was only prospective, and did not embrace those extensive regions upon which Great Britain had set her mark previous to the treaty. As to our specific and peculiar interests inCentral America, which we are said to have exchanged away for the renunciation by Great Britain of territorial claims running back for more than • century, these are afterwards explained in the message as being rights which we might assert, independently of the treaty, in ousigeration of our geographical position, and of other circumstances which create for u relations ' to the Central American States different from those of any government of Europe. That the President I r has got into a dispute about Central America and the Clayton and B•lwer treaty is certain. What he intends to do about it, he does not tell, and he loaves us equally in the dark as to what is to be done about Mr. Crampton,. and the British enlistments, which enlistments are ' characterised in the Message as involving gross viola ' done of our neutrality laws by British officials of high station. The Message is strenuous against the Sound Dues, but expresses a willingness to help to buy Den mark of Passing by a number of other topics foreign and domestic, of less controlling interest, we come to what the messige has to say on the subject of Kansas. That matter is dismissed in a single brief paragraph which takes the ground already set up by the Government organ, the Union, that nothing ►as yet happened in Kansas that requires or would justify any interference on the President's part. All that happened is this, Kansas has been at least three times invaded by armed bands of border raises from • neighbouring state• The first time, they undertook to elect a territorial legislator, and did elect one, driving the bona fide electors from the Hall, by threats and violence. The next time, they elected in like manner a territorial delegate to Congress. The third time, having armed themselves with common rifles and sabres stolen from • United States arsenal, under pretence of enforcing the laws of their border legislature, they laid siege to Lawrenee for two weeks, interrupted all travelling, plundered the neighbouring inkabitanta,oommitted se veral murders, and were only prevented from burning Lawrence, and cutting the throats of its inhabitants,by the Bharp's rides, which, fortunately, the inhabitants were armed with. The President asserts that the people of the territory possessing by its organs law the right to &Weise their own domestic Waite dee% are gadded while &parties theraesiree peace, telly, to the tell eseethe et that right, and mast be preeedei to the eeicistest et it with out iaterihreose es the part et the cities= of any of the slate& Kansa, and all the great pressing questions and interests connected with it being thus disposed of, the President favours us at enormous length with hie historical and theoretical views of the origin, nature, ends, and aims of the fede ral government, which, in the President's opinion, are mainly to enable the southerners to hold their slaves, and to catch them if they happen to run away. This being established to the President's satisfaction, he proceeds to read a lecture to Massachusetts for de clining to enforce the Fugitive Slave Act, and to argue that all the complaints of the north against usurpation and egression on the part of the slave holders is unfounded, the feet being, in the President's view of it, that slaveholders are exceedingly quiet, yielding, long suffering, and much injured individuals. Finally, the message winds up with an ener- ' getic defence of the Kansas Nebraska Bill, and of the right of new states to be ad- i l witted into the Union, slavery or no slavery. At the close of his message the President declares his firm belief that against the unshaken rock of the constitution the storm of frenzy and faction must in evitably dash itself in vain. [Tbe above is from an Aaserican source, which fact ex. plains the peculiar phraseology]. ALLEGED RUPTURE BETWEEN AUSTRIA AND RUSSIA. Yesterday's Independance Beige contains a de spatch from Berlin, dated yesterday morning, which states that the reply of the Cabinet of St. Peters burg to the peace propositions had arrived at Vienna, and that after becoming acquainted with its nature, Count Buol informed Prince Gortchakoff that the Austrian Legation would quit St. Petersburg in a body on the 18th of this month. Letters from the Continent describe a perfect steeplechase on the part of diplomatists. A despatch from Berlin informs us that Baron de Seebach, the Saxon Minister, arrived at Berlin on Saturday, on his way from St. Petersburg to Paris. Other despatches from Berlin mention tbat the C ount de Bernstorff, military attache to the Russian — Legation in Prussia, who left St. Petersburg on the 10th, will arrive this day in Berlin; that on the other hand Prince Auguste de Wurtemburg left Berlin on Friday for St. Petersburg " with a mission ^ from the King of Prussia, and finally, that General Mansuroff passed through Berlin that day, returning from St. Peters burg to Vienna. Count de Stackelburg quitted St. Petersburg for Vienna on the Bth, but was not, as hu been stated, the bearer of the Russian reply. That document appears to have been sent off from the Russian capital to Prince Gortchakoff at Vienna by courier on the sth, and its purport was two or three days ago made known to the various interested governments by telegraph. The Morning Post gives a version of the Russian reply which agrees in substance with the letter from our own correspondent at Paris, dated yesterday evening, and given elsewhere. The Pod say.: We eau state with witticisms* that the Russian reply to the Autriaa ultimatum has been received at Vienna. Russia rejects the second clause of the first proposal, vie., the rectification of her frontier with Turkey." Stse also rejects the fifth proposal, by which a right of producing special eonditicno is maned to the belligerent Powers, and is vines of which they would demand the en gsgement not to rebuild Bomarsend. - Runic accept, the rest of the uliinutfunt, including the neutralisation of the Black Sea, with tome modift• In exchange for the strong plates and territories wen. plc' by the AJlles, Russia proposes to restore to the ports Kars and tbe territory she has won from Turkey in Asia in the lent seeepidee. We havereuo n to believe that Austria keeps her faith with us, and will sot receive this counter.proposition. Austria, however, gives the Cabinet of St. Petersburg the benefit of the time she bad already allowed, and there fore Russia his till the 18th instant to notify to Count Beterbsay ber acceptance or rejection, without conditions, of the Austrian ultimatum. If Route refuse, or if, at that dam, she In not accepted the Austria& ultimatum "par ci simple," Count listerhesy bag instructions to withdraw from Si. Petersburg. NAPLES. (stow ova owx NAPLES, JAN. 5. In my last I quoted the Commercial Journal of Naples as declaring that so far from there being • superabundance of grain in the country, there was only just sufficient to meet the necessary demands. The contrary is asserted by many of our merchants and diplomatists, who declue that there is provision in the country for three years and a half. They then enumerate some of the depositaries. Barletta is said to be overflowing; the Abruzzi, too, are full of grain, which cannot be brought to a remunerative market for want of roads. Large quantities have been put.. chased by Rothiehild and others on account of Fould and Co., of Paris, under the full impression that some way or other would have been found for getting it out of the country. Yet here it is locked up in a hopeless state, for I am assured that his Majesty has positively refused to permit the exportation ot grain. Large quan tides are however smuggled out of the Adriatic ports. This subject has attracted the more attention from the fact of its being almost the only one which is known to have been brought before the King by Mona Breaier. On all other points the greatest mys tery prevails, and rumour is consequently propor tionally active. Whatever the nature of the discus sions may be, they certainly are not in the interest of the Allies any farther than what Austria will sanction or permit; and bow far that sanction extends you may yourself form a pretty correct opinion. That some treaty of importance is maturing between this government and that of Austria is not at all im probable, from the close connexions which have • existed during the last six months between the two countries; the same may be argued from the myste rious mission on which the Marchesi del Vssto had been sent to Vienna. As I before informed you, however, the Marchesi's journey was cut abort by an attack on the frontier, in which his carriage was broken to pieces, his papery, " molto riservai,' were seized, and he himself compelled to return to the capital, which he has not lett since. The reorganisation of the army on a war footing, though it does not appear to me to be necessarily connected with coming hostilities, has certainly made a profound impression in the country. The battalions are increased by some regiment., as is also the per sonale of every company. The promotion especially has been interpreted as the avant courier of military events. Some are disposed to believe in an expedition to the frontier, and the more so that the defetoes on the coast and the boundaries of the kingdom have I been carried on for some time with so much assiduity.) It is difficult, however, to contemplate any other then one of two eventualitiee--either an armed neutrality in oriajuoction with the German powers, or hostility to the allies—union with them appears to be impossi ble—it is contrary to the principles, the sympathies, the wishes, of the Kiog of Naples; and if any adhesion of the King were even an named, it ought to be looked on with the utmost suspicion. In anticipation of the Ring being compelled to join Francs and Ragland, I know that the consequences have been discussed by many officers is the army. "We should goon," sa y they, " larder the royal sanction and command ; but the examples or 1820 and 1848 plainly show us that if we do one duty. the mark of Cain will be set upon us, and we shall finish with being wanderers from our cowry" The exchange rose yesterday to 526. Letters have arrived here from an officer of the Hannibal, easship of Sir Houston Stewart, with the expectance that this vessel would be off Naples soon. Nothing, however, is known hers of the momients d the Bost. , EXPRESS FROM PARIS. THE RUSSIAN REPLY TO TILE. PEACE PROPOSALS. (PROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) PARIS, SUNDAY EVENINC, The Constitutionnel, at the head of its 'ming column, publishes the following important introdoc tion to a letter from its Vienna correspondent, who, perhaps, more t hen any other pubic writer htshithtrto expressed a confident hope in a favourable result of the peace negotiations: "The following letter from our ordinary cone- spondent at Vienna, agreeing in this respect with the information transmitted to us from Berlin, dispels the lut hope which it wu possible to entertain of the proximate restoration of peace." The letter, which is dated Vienne, Jan. 9, am, that Count Eaterhazy made Count Neseelrode aware at his very first interview on Dcc. 28 that the ME. trian propositions were nothing lees than an ultirna. tom. They were contained, on account of their im. portance, in tonting, and were signed by Count Buol. In delivering them in this form, Count Ester hazy simply °beery. d that he had no mission to dia. cuss them, still less was he authorised to listen to any modification,. The answer, which he was de puted to ask for within ten days, must be an unqua lified acceptance or refusal. Count Nesselrcde pro. mind at once to take the Emperor's pleasure. After this interview Count Esterhazy did not see either the Czar or Count Nesselrode, and avoiding, so to speak, the Russian court and government, he rigorous:) , maintained the only attitude fitting for the repro. sentative of a great Power, resolved, if the answer should not be satisfactory, to break off official relit. Lions with the Coat of St. Petersburg. The letter goes on to say, that contrary to tie usage of German diplomacy, which is to demand much to obtain little, a maximum in order to gain s minimum, the Western Powers, through Austria, gave their minimum at once, and that they will not budge a hair's breadth from the conditions. It even, " Since it is no longer permissible to dissimulate," that the Saxon and Bavarian Ministers at St. Peters. burg did not ass the firm language which the West. ern Governments had been led to expect from them; they did indeed recommend the propositions in stronger terms than Prussia did, but they shrank from " making them their own," and therefore RllB. sic, sot finding herself pressed by Germany united, thought it possible to gain time and conjure the storm. The letter concludes in these words " With. out troubling yourself about what may be the contents of the Russian counter-propositions, be assured that the negotiations with Rua. sin are definitively closed. Of two things, one— either the Court of St. Petersburg, before the end of the winter, will accept the Austrian ultimatum purely and simply, or, u soon as the season will per. mit, the struggle will be renewed, and continued with redoubled energy. There is henceforth no other issue." I have reason to believe, from good private infor• matioa, that the above Vienna letter, as far is it goes, expresses the truth of the s tuation. In all probability there will be a diplomatic rupture be. tween Austria and Russia in the course of next week. But although the Austrian Ambassador may leave St. Petersburg, I utterly disbelieve that Ant tria will join us in the war. At the little Bourse, to-day, the Bente was dote at 82:r. Mc. At Professor Nirtrd's ercond lecture, yesterdsy, there was a greater row than at the first ; 130 Int. dents were arrested afterwards. A friend of mine saw them marching down the Rue de la Harps to prison, escorted by from 30 to 40 Bergen& de Tine. The news of the arrest of MM. Curtin, Legendri, and Duchesne, is confirmed. They are at Ibis ema ment all three in Mazes, and au secret. The wife of M. Duchesne has been told that in all probabilityshe cannot be permitted to see her husband for this weeks to come. The Emperor and Empress will go to Lady Cowley's autri , e onTuesday. Tnis will be the ling time that their Majesties have visited any ambassador or private individual since their marriage. The cub of invitation state that their Majesties have deigmd to accept an invitation to this soirr , e in honour of the distribution of medals by the Buke of Cambridge. The Moniteur of this day makes the following "Oa Tueaday neat, et 1 o'clock, Hit Majesty the Em peror will pass I. review in the court of the Taileriss sll the troops present at Paris which formed part of the army of the East. "Ott this occasion his Royal Highness the Dike of Cut bridge will distribute in the name of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain to the ofileern, noo•commiaioeed officers, and soldiers of those troops a medal commemork ties of the campaigns in the Cranes." It is reported that M. Drouyn de Lbuys has tee• dared his resignation as President of tho Senate. EGYPT AND PALESTINE. The following is a letter to the Times, dated lex• andria, Jan. 5: _ __ " Said Pitch', the Viceroy, has come down to Alex• swirls from Cairo, and is contemplating another visit to the extremity of the Dike M atotis, where bis Highness intends to erect a palace, and make gardens, which, as in all casts in Egypt, will be entirely neglected by his successor, when his time COMM "Owing to the scanty rise of the Nile this year, large tract of land which has not been watered will be exempt from paying taxer, and to cover this de ficitncy in his revenue the Viceroy will curtail tbs salaries of the Government officials. " The engineers sent out to surrey the Isthmus or Suez hare returned to Alexandria, and generally report favourably on the practicability of theme 'A join the Mediterranean and Red Sta. _ . " Lord Canning, the new Goverror.Genersi it India, is atilt in Upper Egypt, and the Freeze, which is to convey his lordship to Bombay, is expeced to arrive at Sur z in a few days. " The railway between Cairo and Alexandria is now open to general traffic, and passengers c Jute don in seven houre, the only break on the line being on the Rosetta branch of the Nile where the ferry is not yet completed. "Letters from Jerusalem state that at present the European Contu's in that city hoist their flags regu larly on Sundays and all feast-days—a ceremony which has hitherto been jealousy prohibited by the Turkish officials throughout the Ottoman empire, excepting at the seaport towns. It was first done on the occasion of the capture of Sebastopol, when the English, French, Spanish, and Austrian Consuls die. played their flogs, and the Prussian Consul has since done the same. " It is now becoming a regular thing for travel:ets to visit the interior of the G rea t M osque , on the site of the Temple. The Pacha of Jerusalem went so far as to offer to the Jews to enter the mosque in order to pray for rain, but they refused, for two reasons —first, because they were all ceremonially unciestlf secondly, because they mi g ht have put under their feet the words of the law, which they believe to he buried under this mosque. The Jaws, however, went to the tomb of Daniel to pray for rain, which rams next day, but unfortunately soon ceased. R!iti very much wanted throughout Syria, and the whs• bitants are enduring great sufferings, as prices of all provisions are eery high. "The Austrian Consul at Jerusalem has rewired from his G ivernment a very large sum for the err lion within the walls of the town of consular butd lags, a hospice, and a palace for the Archbishop of Vienna. The Latin Patriarch is building a paled L ou for himself and a college at Beit Sala, near two. thirdsearße the• l " The Greeks are in possession of about of the land within the walla of Jerusalem. gene' m rally supposed to have been bought with Rosa csoy.. f