The Express. — London, England, 1847-08-26 00:00:00

corresponding week of 1846 ; those eel Calais, 463 against 453. The Boulogne division this year consisted of: pas sengers from England—from Folkestone, 933; from Dover, 2.56 ; teen London, 393 ; from Ramsgate, 7 ; in all, Lea& Passengers to England—to Folkestone, 607; to Dover, 383 ; to London, to Ramifies, 16. Tile GREAT BRITAIN,—The following is sent us by our Dublin correspondent : —The fate of the Great Britain is likely to be a " break up," notwithstanding all the exertions made to keep her through the winter for extrica tion in the summer. Captain Claxton, in his letter to the Liverpool agents, lays that a tide of thirteen feet six inches would float her; but, as the Railway Gazette well Mourne, is it judicious to calculate on an extreme tide, and to risk the chances of a southerly swell with the height of the springs, which in the present state of the vessel would render all efforts to get her off unavailing ? It seems also not a little remarkable, that over 700 tons of dead weight are still kept on board, while, according to the captain's account, one foot was only wanted on the 13th to float her off. The temporary removal of this immense weight would surely give the re quired twelve inches or more. Her Majesty's steamer Birkenhead will be off Dundrum this day. A SITE TO MAKE ANGELS WEEP.—Trafalgar square, which could beet, same fire years ago, of having " the finest site in Eur me," is as ashamed now of haring its site dis figured, and being a public eyesore, that it iutends to peti tion parliament to put it out of its misery at once, and to make it a blind alley.—Putsch. THE CHINESE SHIP.--The Chinese junk, which is on her way to this country, dors not bring any cargo of a merchantable description from China. She is understood to have nothing on board of Chinese production of the kind but her own gear and some articles for exhibiting purposes, entirely connected with and having relation to the vessel herself and the mode of her management, and, we believe, that on this account, a special application has been made to the government by parties having advice of her intended arrival and interested in the affair, as to the mode of her giving the usual official notification of report and entry, with the revenue authorities when such is the case. DECIMAL COINAGE.—Sir,—Dr. Bowring, when introducing last session hie motion for a decimal coinage, pointed out the advantages of keeping accounts decimally, which esn only be accomplished by having decimal coins, and submitted his own system for the arrangement of those coins, but did not notice the inconveuience and loss that would be sustained by adopting it. It is a well known fact, stated by Prof. A. De Morgan, that all amounts under one pound sterling cannot be represented by decimals exactly: hence, we see the impracticability of adopting the pound as a standard upon which to found a new system, I have ex plained the oljections to that plan elsewhere. To avoid these objections, and to introduce a decimal system of cur rency into this country that shall be the least troublesome and least expensive—one that shall most easily and exsctly represent amounts in the present currency—the only plan that often itself to my mind as feasible is, to make the present farthing the lowest standard coin, to let that form the base of the structure, and to make new coins to represent each 10, 100, 1,000 farthings. I cannot fancy any system of coins to be more perfect than that would be ; sure I am no better system at present exists. The names of these coins I would propose as follow ferthing, dent, (=lO f.), sod (=lOO f.), fibre (=l,OOO f.). The Poet. offiet charges could remain as at present, since the peony would remain at the sa.ne value. All small amounts could easily be turned into the new coins; fur instance, 3jd. would equal 1 dent 5 farthings, and would be written .015 1, so that no derangement would emu upon changing prices into the new coins. It will be seen that the figures denoting any sum of money in the new coins always represent the number of farthings contained in that amount ; just as in au integral number the figures denote the number of units contained in it. Hence any sum of the present currency may he represented in the new by reducing it to teething., writing them down, and marking off three figures to the right. Thus —7791. IDs. llid. contain 748,703 farthings; pointing off three figures it becomes £745.703f, which sum in the new coinage will exactly re present 779/. 17s. Mid. Every libra will contain 10d. more than the pound sterling, Tne transfer of amounts to the new system can thus be easily made; after which all accounts can be kept decimally. Every practical and mer cantile man can at once see the immense saving of time that will be gained when a decimal system is introduced. I would recommend Dr. Bowring and others to reconsider the question, so that they may be prepared to bring forward the motion in the next session. The sooner a referm is made, the better it will be for the merchant, the better for the clerk, the better for the workman, the better for the school master, the better for the scholar, and the better for everybody. Relative ink= of the New Coins. I Fartkdsg. 10 I Dent ...... o 0 2f 100 = 10 1 SM. = 0 2 1 1000 _ 100 = 10 _ 1 Libra ............,. = 1 0 10 Any other names may be imposed on these new decimal coins by the Queen, or the officers of the Mint ; it is merely the system of their construction I have endeavoured to unfold.-1 am, Bre, JAM. OLD BAILEY DRAMAS.—We understand that it is in contemplation, by the speculamrs who farm the privelege of admitting the public to the Old B iiley—faieetiously termed an open court—to appoint agents among the fibre liens and music-sellers at the west end of the town. A few ' advertisements in the following style might bo circulated by way of experiment:—" ArritActivn SESSION! GRAND I CONCENTRATION or Crime ! A few stalls for these de• lightful criminal reunion* run be had by an early application to Messrs. So-and-So, New Bond-street."—" RICH Taxer. The celebrated judicial buffo, Mr. Baron Alderson, in four caser. A reserved seat immediately opposite this unrivalled humorist being still vacant, applications should be ad dressed at once to Messrs. Buchanone."—" Urreseee COMEI NATION.—The Attorney-General in Two Trials. Mr. Clark son, the celebrated heavy man, in his favourite character. Bodkin in a new case; Messrs. Horrid and Florid, Smooch and Crouch, all at half-pries. No lees to clerks. Consider able discount allowed to agents and others. Apply to Messrs. Fogg, Petty, and Fogg, in the courtyard of the Old Bailey." —Punch. A VESSEL RUN DOWN AT SEA.—Yesterday, intel ligence was received at Lloyd's, that the William and Mary sloop, James Partington, master, had been run down off Haaborough, by the brig Salaria, of London, which struck the sloop amidships, the master and crew having basely time to spring on board the brig, when she sank under her bows. The men were afterwards put on hoard the Blake ston, of Sunderland, which landed them at Yarmouth, having lost all they possessed. The sloop belonged to Mr. Pearson, of Castleford, and was bound from Goole to Ips wich, with a cargo of lime. FIRE.—IN WHITECHAPEL.—Yceterday afternoon, shortly after three o'clock, a most destructive fire broke oat on the extensive premises belonging to Muses. Craven and Lucas, sugar bakers and refiners, situate in Nelson-street, Leman-street Whitechapel. The tire was no sooner disco vered than messengers were despatched with news of the disaster to the several fire establishments. In a short time four or five engines were on the spot. By their vigorous ex ertions the firemen succeeded, by a quarter-past five, in ex tinguishing the flames, but not before the bakery (in which the fire originated) was totally destroyed, and other ad joining moms much damaged. The outbreak is supposed to have been caused by overheating one of the boilers. The premises are insured in the Imperial. INQUEST, YESTERDAY. THE FATAL FIGHT BETWEEN TWO Boys IN POPLAR.—By adjournment, before Mr. W. 'taker, at the Old Commodore public-house; HUh street, Poplar, respecting the death of J. M. Harris, aged 8, who died on Thursday, the 19th inst., from congestion of the brain, produced by injuries he received in a fight with a boy named R. Anty, about the same age. On Saturday last, and again yesterday, J. Johnson, J. Cater, W. Newsom, and W. Ager, ware charged before the magistrates at the Thames Police Court with being present, and aiding and abetting alight between the deceased and Anty, which re sulted in the death of the deceased.--J. Ingleton, aged about 10, stated that on Wednesday afternoon, at 3 o'clock, he was in Abbott's-fields, Poplar , playing with the deceased and several other boys belonging to Poplar National School. One of the men shove-named took Anty's jacket, and refused to let him have it unless he fought for it. Anty selected the deceased, and they fought for nearly an hour. During the fight the men gave the deceased a quantity of beer, and encouraged him on. The deceased bled profusely from the nose, and he was knocked down by Anty several times. After the fight the men gave him some more beer, and he appeared to be intoxicated. He was very weak and exhausted, and the men then wanted him to run a race, hot he was unable. He vomited very much, and fell down in a state of insensibility. When be had partially revived, the men carried him to the Elder tree public-house, in Bromley, where they gave him some rum and beer mixed together, sad then swung him round. The boy became very giddy, and he was carried home by two boys. He vomited very much, and expired the following morning. Witness further said that upwards of IG pots of beer were seat for by the men during the fight. The coroner said his duties were very heavy, and he was unable to go further into the cue. He considered the in quiry had assumed a very serious nature, and required the fullest investigation. The jury adjourned the inquiry until Friday next. ground of its expensing any peculiarity of doetrinal views, presided always that it he decorum in tone and language. 7. That no candi date be declared not to have pared except with the consent of at least four out of live of the examiners. The opinion of tie . constituted aetholitles of Queen's College Is requested thereupon. The following reply from the principal was declared to have been unanimously adopted and approved by the council ; it was dated H ytky, 1e17.-41r,—Touroomentinication to W. B. Cox, Esq., Dean of the Faculty of Quossit's College, Birmingham, bearing date Nov. I I, 1544, on the subject of certain prepositions relating to a proposed examination in scriptural subjects through which all can didates fur the B.A. degree in the University of London should pas, upon which the opinion of the authorities of Queen's College was requested, came before the council this morning; and I am empowered, as print.* of the college, to send to ydn the follow mlr- take r t eply to suss not bthzt.gc,odenatuniis hefure tahtieoen.,..rtrret at tiv al g tha earller by peTio ° l essantiel principle of the constitution of Queen's College, In so far as It bears upon the present question, is, that the students who are ad mitted within its mills fur the purpose. of receiving cheesed, maths. meticol, and Koh-salami instruction, shall also receive religious in struction, and be subject to religious discipline, according to the prin ciple, of the Church of England. This lam provision, however. may be taken rather as what appeal to be th e necessary mode of giving an elect to • general principle, than to itself constituting such a gene ral end fund on ntal prine.ipte. net general principle thesis Nis—:',tit the religious character is emential to the very idea of a complete education, or rather to education itself, when rightly understood. Assuming, therefore, this principle, to which the council considers itself pledged by the very constitution of the college ; looking at the expressed intention of the charter of the Unieereity of London of securing a resider and libend course of education fur the students for whom it provides decrees ; and considering tho present state and practice of the University of London is this respect; the council of Queens College feel that they cannot do otherwise than recognise In the projected regulation, an improvement upon that state and prac tice. At the name time, the council feel unable to give an opinion whether there may not be circumstances attending the position and constitution of the university. which renders Inv further movement in the &seethe of the proposed change Impossible they feel bound, In accordance with the constitution of their own college, to state they can only look on the recitations as presenting an imperfect approxi mation to what they consider essential to a course of regular and liberal education,—l have the honour, Ro., LTI7I.I.TOY.—R. W. Rothman, Fed , Registrar, University College. In a subsequent part of the rep art, it was stited, " That a supplemental charter of incorporation had been obtained, with a view to the consolidation of the Queen's College with the Queen's Hospital: and to give encouragement to sueh pupils u manifest diligence and acquirements in their re spective studies, the council have received, under the char ter, the power to elect such as hold a diploma in medicine or surgery, or are graduates in medicine, law, or arts, to the honourable distinction of " fellows," with such powers and privileges as may be determined upon from time to time. The whole of tne expenses in obtiuning the charter have been defrayed by the Rev. Dr. Warneford, and the lion. and Rev. the Chancellor Law, the vice principal. After de tailing various new regulations adopted for the purpose of securing strict discipline amongst the pupils, and acknowledging the liberality of the two gentlemen above named, and that of Miss Burdett Coutts, the report added— .' It would he impossible for the council to refrain from ac knowledging gratefully the able co-operation and assistance afforded to them by Lord Lyttelton, the principal, not only by his powerful influence in obtaining the charter, but by his valuable advice in the revision of the laws of the college from time to time, and the example of his punctual attend ance at the council board, so well as by the accomplished scholarship manifested when he conducted the examination of the classical priaemen at the close of the winter session." The attention of Mr. Chancellor Law to the supervision of the details of the collegiate system of the institution was approvingly referred to, also kis donations of books, of an , organ for the chapel, and for h lying otherwise promoted the prosperity of the college.—The following student* have ob- , mined honours in the several departmento:—Juniar.—Clus : Fryer,Coleford. Mathematics: Wall, Stratford-on-Avon. Chemistry : Edney, Kilmarnock. Theological Tutor's Prize : Fryer. Mathematical ditto Fryer. Medical ditto : Fryer. Senior Department —Anatomy : Bird, London. Surgery: Paterson, Stourbridge. Medicine: Bird, London. Menai Medics: Moore, lialesowen. Midwifery: Whittal, Lea mington. Chemistry: Lone, Orosmont. Botany: Lowe, Birmingham. Forensic Medicine: Whittal, Leamington. Demonstrations: Hodges, Ludlow; Bird, London. The " Warneford Scholarships" have !veil awarded to Ireland, Malmsbury, and Lane. Thu award of the remaining prizes has not yet been made; and the council close their report with the txpressi 'n of their hope "that, under the con tinued blessing of Divine Providence, their most anxious wishes may be realised ; viz., to improve the tone of moral and religious feeling, —to raise the standard of proficiency among the students,—and to fit them as gentlemen for filling, with credit to themselves and advantage to the public, an 7 post to which they may b 3 called." In moving the adoption of the report, the Hon. and Rev. Grantham Yorke congratulated the meeting on the en counting character of its tone; and expressed his satisfac tion that the principles of the institution had been no ably vindicated by Lord Lyttelton in his letter to tho University College of London. After paying a compliment to the officers and the council, he declared it to be his opinion that this institution would be found to be one of the most important elements to the education of medical men to be found in the ' kingdom. —Mr. Newilegate, M seconded the motion for the adoption of the report with the remark that it was satis factory to find such an institution distinguishing itself by the , excellence of its principles.--The report was adopted. The Rev. G. S. Butt, in moving a vote of thanks to the ; noble chairman, congratulated the meeting on the fact that , sound religious instruction was being blended with the prat . tine of medical science; and Lord Lyttelton, in responding, , declared his purpose to abstain from making any general re , marks with reference to the institution until the meeting in October, when the remaining prizes will be awarded. SUGAR CULTIVATION IN JAVA. At the time the augur duties were under discua sion, moat exaggerated notions were entertained of the capabilities of Java for the production of sugar. The free traders seeking to allure the consumer class, and the pro tectionists seeking to terrify the producing claw, vied with each other in glowing pictures of the fertility of Java, its immense population, the cheapness of wages, and the con sequent unlimited extension of which its sugar production was capable. The following account of the sugar cultiva tion of Java, by &gentleman intimately acquainted with the eastern portion, the less known portion of the island, may dispel illusions on both sides. It will, moreover, be wel come to the political economist as indicating what effect Java is likely to have permanently on the auger market of the world ; and to parties connected with our sugar colonies who may derive some not unprofitable practical hints from it. In the Sourabeya residency the different sogar mills that have con. tracts with government have from 100 to 173 junks each. A pink ,ntains 4 boom. A bouw A rood l2 hind.. ket. A Rhyntand foot Therefore one Mum is rather more than 11 English acre. The government plant and take care of the canes ; they commence planting generally in the month of July, and finish by the 15th Sep. tember. The canes In this residency are planted at 3 feet by 11 foot apart, but in Passer.. and Proingo at 3 feet by 2 feet. In Sour. ahoyr one cune-ehootonly is planted, in Paean.. and Probulingo they plant two transversely. In the month of May the cones are taxed to first. second, and third sorts. The first sort calculated to prod., 23 incubi sugar per bouw ; the second, 20 ; the tWrd, 13. The tax Is si copper rupees per Mete, thus calculated. If the sugar fabricant cannot agree with the government servant appointed to tax the moos, the matter is Fettled by at bittatioa. A bouts of good ease ought to give 8,000 to 9,000 boodles of 23 can each, and *book II picots of sager; very superior cants have given 33 to 40 *Wiper honw, and by ming the vacuum process in the fabrication ass 10 pleas have bar obtained. Good canes are m nerally about sight or nine feel km, containing more saccharine maser than area of a grester length. There are now only two kinds of one noted in lava • lot, tit. white cane 2nd. the Japan cane. The know is Fanny phmitd in light, the totter in heavy cella : the War Sewers wino WA but net the Former. Otaheite ems was tried, hug found tel to easwer. The canes are planted generally at s rilatawee of not more than three mile. from the mill, but there arc Ineteseas in which the ones an eight rude* distant. This Is only where the population Is this. ("the ggrrouuund Y Ls vicinity pm. In mat warms the go- Momat sadertatea Mat OM at • greater anew than three Ream In Sourabayi they pint own omens, ad rise tho ant, every year also sty. fterronsa Minya, boar, they plant age we year am and two ynn riso, the grown an binges much ba the Mir nods se by In bras. siamiss ones C r istrirdeptl by iar ohndrien, osi bnnio is ad e Imo verlibed by Sot groom bet bonne Se swan of mpg ninon from missed ism was is la lisilhan *Mikan emskons. Ia So midisola et son Proliange the mos son ta• mon Nam Om lew d gentaim Tin wham tem iiih at ilomboos by Se deem whisk pmente the sale none' nits dig my, on ommanity Muni be bar =the pony lige on Minna is inky so In theiwoodeer TM am men boin ampubed Ikon the hike at tin mom nth. imisonar, nil a doh pr Innis Wound by Ina M Mtn( So err nil knobs thm Ma Imam Ike wino or weibpsons, in (I. • impegoll to win) by So peas amt. Pre tbe aim hoot the Idd le Sip ail thersepz NAM isaireets wit swim at the ben ointrait year, min than Inn 11 to dila pa bras, award bjere t g re a rr7t t tc o t htl:elery ie Va illg a V4 l6. = Main So Moroi Minn of the .fiirsaingeni mil be onnimmi i=voftes&withaol etas go wning& Ish) h • _dray Minn by tekkonte who Weill oniiirts;7lkin try fteeof Sto. Daily oodles an elliged von hen ,mina la tio monis to di In onsing. Pie debiagort thilly resolve Ingle visa Mae lets nasoallfs no era of cylinder., and U will mugged with z eiza tw whin is tbe My motive power toed in Java) an with good inianignint, will take o off est 7 ra oo st or iog Je B,oo O ebamilio etmass Se anntor him. Bonds, kis llos the irlust nine Moms mod elms anon la mmy we r bane& win as, la eh a. seams with priermai& admen so erode to the lieleinna in Jemmy sad a Swim Mum he Ano, sad alas _ tha Melo nip ialleart i • gad seillmen Mos Sm , QUEEN'S COLLEGE, BIRMINGHAM. The bell mat Is Mtn to donor tho vigor be min Is the go vienonid ; sad ray stele rate of Si mess vs Mil be tlisi he Yesterday the annual meeting was held in the deSfilll, as a tarn payment (a the ism 14 beerier, be dawn theatre of the college, in connexion with the institution. at Ima ham the basalt, mbisit his ani•Vii. Inn rinn& 0 1 pees Birmingham—Lord Lyttelton, the principal, presided.—The = l,O Ms als oat Wig Mon Walls ISM of Imo annual report of the council was read by Dr. W. S. Cox In mg m Sionionnos oloonling to egreenint he the ingessi, sod assonhog 61 'MEIN kr Ids gags. the Dein of the Faculty. It set forth—that a spirit of zeal and m ra t es l e t bo ut disid wen application had pervaded the students, and, in proof of this, 12 copper rupees nine oispeter white" called No. la. referred to the matriculation list of the University of 10 Irene No. W. London, where four students had presented themselves in No. 12. July last, and had all passed. A subsequent paragraph con- 0 b ald __eity. taMed the following :—" The first question which came Alt r th• buawd ft ,""' hi r e .k e thro ngs ." 4h i e ll t m i Y ..." iwa e m b . dh , e " " Is `rni eartrocted all: under the consideration of your council was the following b u id o mu." Y a i s rnwsd de" communication addressed to the Dean of the Faculty by the the . The Iggie. d =1•10111111. lain nnly Regietrar of the University of Landon : Mar Wog al eosin a Ss oil aims g - 14 tios having been glen by small ra t the senate of the ant. ht opt pmt. Anse the is bend to a mein am 'entity of has Wooden to sahib le flea aoreld.i.,. of the ......1701"..,_1111110 pony is Mika ma sawn to ute ...Verne of nognigna tin all candidates for the B.A. granuae IVO./ OM 89‘. It is Sin pedowall •.. 8 ors sled 41818 r hi an of Ss books of the Pentateuch in different win, own Wawa Sm. It When shall Saris, or In sae at the bar or the Acts of turned out Sae pen in to the Inns an rag a 18 so ewe the in Ss originl ales is History; exposure to the gm, whisk le pond end 64 "HI tsars le this nonlaseloa klissitss iii Vess bead. est to thadlilatimit womparta, le he Wm the gowinnist Sinn L a bead of mien in elide be wash- dam TY Edina Midi rte Ana Unpin waging Ihe add s 1 62 : min of net fewer Ms In perms. TM the na- is In a agora% sot of pne, espy Mtn! tem nls be unman wholly on a. That el end =MI win as in ear. • Insisin an own odionlo neatly for the mad of anklialos se to whil the want be nobs wil sad fm, aim* apnea On rhi h rible= et sandmen w Uat no ossasepi. be =Lae ma and sibs dromilems. It, Ike linsimithile demos' se Mime It hen raising mo at at Om nand In lark rib. bank ban wok Man sin lent haw oat of no el am. 4. 'That am of Us tied in= drU e lb=ths Win al say men s al' In Ina io it a geolnisdnonsier; mg Sot is soneine is pug as to • • sot he or re So tros jinn expronon et /AO= ban an NW pit at My wog. Issilles in vii Inn Is sea Inwood, vrk r fe sory sopmeho. OQ ♦ 15 •1 !phial we Ile bergs ink ig•difnes, on in Us pair yr on of spa to lbe Whin any be p i 4r........ 1.1.80 ,11i0 t e m5 d s bin So anted Ist; with allasisiss rap. reimpo -- =el . lem the or=w7 l l ; aid as ihs es .6 17 UeNso of wine Us 011Pailmen, esd Sit Us onags& l ui rwr ••• ••••17 1 . blinALliatiorsign as Ihe in& be Awn to nem • ode et the yips he panz_g. Ma no Illrear inedgfklifink Off Orr e nn uis M " I "" 1.1. the Copper 7.25 Now, 7.25 copper rupees are 6.04 direr guilders, and as a picul is equal to In pounds English. the mat of the sagas per eat. will be 4.96 guilders. ce la. sterling. Ilils does not include interest of money on the eon of the establishment, but teener that, I per O. will be an mapiealleiwance. The present governor finding that the dolts were pot of proper standanl weight, has celled duds dubs, dad re-ieseed them at 160 dolts to tbedlver guilder, car guilder reerpteeen. Of worm In settlements with tebrieante, they are paid at this nide; therefore if a Otheicant has to receive 1,390 rupees, he Is paid either 1,603 dots, or 1,000 reeepteeen, as be Nether mem-cane nor any other produce can now be mach In creased to Java; the populatim being fully employed, and Nudged= of adlikind can only be augmented in the same ratio with the thereon of population. The great Merton of late years In the production of sugar and Indigo, may be attributed to the cultivation of them articles bang found mere profitable than that of rice. Hence the rice-ilehis have been timed for the planting of auger and Indigo, until the present crop of rice is barely sufficient to supply the native consumption. It must net, however, be but sight of, that the mode of planting and more especially the frothing of the ground is much better understood and attended to now item formerly. The per unease allowed to European Menservants, and native chiefs, has done a wonderful deal of good in that respect. In most inetancen the same measurement of laud produces one-third more sugar than it did ten years ago. The great secret is ploughing fOe round well, which being den:, with a etch aileviala* like that of Jam, no manure whatever Is required 2;:yoad that el the ashes derived from burning the stubble on the ground. As earn are now never rattooned, they are invariably pulled up by the rooky which are me ely cleaned with a knife. The cultivation of wow sod meet are perfectly independent of one another, ma seem meet be planted to any advantage much below 1,200 feet abenedge no, God at that height the temperature and moisture as spirt tio growth of the sugar cane. Sugar and indigo are planted en ea moo inwription of ground, and as the cultivation of one at anytime is dierr2 4 .. that of the other may be Jammed. 100 collies .. 1 pteul. 1 Jaya picul 123 I. Dutch. 123 lbs. Dutch. 1361W. Y.nglugs nearly. 30 picots —.—......- ....... 1 Bow ahoy& coyang. 28 „ 27 „ There notes were furnished by a gentleman resident in the eastern part of Java to Mr. Jukes, and appears in that gen tleman's narrative of the exploring voyage of 11.M.8. Fly. STATE OF THE IRISH EMIGRANTS IN CANADA. The Lirerpool Journal publishes a communication on this subject from Mr. Abraham, the editor of the Montreal Casette. We can assure our readers that any statement coming from that gentleman may be received as strictly ac curate : his love rif truth is equalled by his careful habits of cautious inquiry : Six priests belongiar to the seminary, and two who do not belong to it, have fallen victims to pious zeal from con tagion caught in administering the rites of their religion to the destitute emigrants in the sheds. A seventh seminarist fell a victim this morning (July 23), making nine in all. The seminary, who ore a peculiar chapter or corporation, an 1 . offset of St. Sulpice of Paris, consists of twenty-two priests. Three others are very ill—considered to be in extrensis— among them a very popular and learned priest, of a noble French family, the Rev. M. (or Count) Charbonet. Should this gentleman unfortunately die, it is feared there will be a serious movement among the French population, who are much attached to their priests, and—though their co-reli gionists—consider the Irish as foreigners, and are indignant at the invasion of poverty and pestilence, the latter now ex tending to all dusts. Five of the nuns have died, and several others are dangerously ill. One protestant clergy man has died here, and one at Quebec. The mortality among the medical men and laity, though considerable, has not been in proportion. This is attributed, as respects the nuns, to the menial offices which they charitably perform about the persons of the sick ; and, as respects the priests, to the clue contact with the breath of the dying in receiving their confessions in crowded apartments. If it continues at this rate—and there is no sign of its abate ment—there will soon not be a religious person left alive in the city ; for all consider it an imperative duty to administer the sacrament to the sick, who are buried at a rate varying from thirty to :fifty a day. The number of sick in hospital, and in the sheds, is rarely less than two thousand. It is re markable that this pestilence, which is very unifirm in its character, seems to follow the Irish wherever they go. It is described as a low typhoid fever, attended by diarrhcea, and, in its worst stages, by blotches on the limbs, which most con sider to be petechite ; hut Dr. Macdonnell, an Irish prac titioner of mica experience, considers it to be a critical erup tion. The English, Scotch, and German emigrants, of which latter we have great numbers, are, almost without exception, free from it, and, having resources, proceed on their way; while the Irish, equally without exception, throw themselves on charity. Their attendants complain greatly of their apathy and inattention to cleanliness. In general, the poor crea tures seem to have no courage or animal spirits left—nothing but a blind unreasoning instinct to beg their way west. All, even those who have paid cabin passnges, and have ample means, apply to be forwarded at the public expense. Many . , though pretending poverty, and dying in the most miserable manner, have large sums of money concealed on their persons. On that of one person, a corpse in the sheds, were found 3451. Smaller sums are very commonly found One fact I can authenticate. A friend of mine was asked by • 1 poor wretch to give him some coppers to get • lodging, protest ing before God his utter destitution. He did give him some money, and so did others, and a cart was got to remove him. He died within ten minutes, and on his person were found 20 sovereigns. This mortality makes a corresponding number of orphans, and their condition is most pitiable ; for, with the exception of the religious ladies, now almost all laid up, it is impossible to get trustworthy nurses. None much bet ter than outcasts or drunkards will accept the office. The catholic bishop of Montreal, one day, removed about • hundred to his own neighbourhood ; but five and twenty of the poor cr. atures died on the road. The, pssish clergy are exerting themselves ; and the name of the Rey. Mr. Harper, priest of Three Rivers, who made two journeys down to Quebec, a distance of over one hundred miles, for the charitable purpose, deserves honourable mention, in getting them adopted in French families; and the habitants have shown a most charitable disposition, and would do so to any extent, if they could enrols , . But, unhappily, in so many instances have they carried the fatal disease along with them, that it is now equally difficult to find shelter either for orphans or adults. One anecdote among many. A poor widow at Quebec took pity on an Irish orphan, and took it home. It communicated the fever to her, and she died, leaving herown seven children orphans. The fever has penetrated to the most remote coun try parishes where emigrants had gone to join settled relations, Of the sixty thousand immigrants landed her, this year, few believe that one-half will sur vive the winter. There is no organised poor law here ; and private and government charity will soon be ex hausted. There is very little demand for unskilled labour in Canada. There is no spade husbandry. The season of harvest is short, and they conic here too debilitated for that work. Besides, the Irish know nothing of the use of the two great implements here—the axe and the plough ; and the women are totally ignorant of the domestic economy of the country. For heaven's sake, if reason can do it, stop this mad immigration, and do not aggravate it by fresh hoods of misery. If they think to steal into the States by the back door, they are mistaken. A few may get in fur tively, but not many ; nor will their condition be much im proved. When the first invasion came, Lake Champlain, the high read to New York, was closed against them at once by the Americans. As they proceed along the north coast of Lake Ontario, they find the American ports on the opposite side closed ; and so, I fear, they will as far as they go west. In the meantime, they are literally strewing the route with their corpses, of which the very interment, near the prin cipal depots, is in such numbers as to be dangerous to public health. The compassion which thin miserable spectacle first produced is now degenerating into fear and repugnance. Toronto is full of the destitute ; and the Kingston sheds are described as even in a more horrible condition than those of Montreal. There positively wants the means in the Iprovince to meet ouch an enormous influx of helpless persons. THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUST 26, 1847. FIRST REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONERS ON THE STATE OF THE CRIMINAL LAW IN THE CHANNEL ISLANDS. A commission was issued on the 16th of May, 1846, I to Messrs. Ellis and Bros, barristers-at-16w, appointing them commissioners to inquire into " the criminal laws now in force in our Channel Islands, and into the constitutions and powers of the tribunals and authorities charged with the execution of such laws." Their first report relates to the Island of Jersey alone. The reason assigned for the separate consideration of Jersey andthe Guernsey group is, that " as to the state of their political intelligence and knowledge, the population in the two is very differently constituted ; " intercourse which we know to be true : and that " the be tween Jersey and Guernsey is very much lea than that be tween either and Great Britain ; on which point we will not venture to express an opinion. The commission had its origin in strong party contests in the island, of the manner of carrying on which p tl f tliZish public had a specimen some time ago in the gs, relative to a habeas corpus moved for in behal f of a refrac tory and long-legged English lawyer resident than. The parties are not incorrectly described by the commissioners in the following passage of their mat : We are homed es state to your lISM our 10••11:6•1 SS some of the drew vslish we seises wilt be dietetic be • seernees part oftn MSS" and OM M tasetai pet It vll pow that we Law est ism he sent go Mom am In Hips of Se aerrese reins*" , ft wee oriel mos is ea reessemi ameres MIS ll as Sort d In ahnisis sagells et as Ugh& law, eel se emention of the Mal to OAS Meek. We' eamst biles that tbls ta , mil ese pained iahatYsssY t els Ss failure of rimy le mem le lie O h s pseinedes of pass, gni the 'Mak. wake se *the, by a ate of their suss Lyons. so Solent a dime mid set tele stimptsd. Be Meielarity, Mash mg a Mak aimless Is yet stabs Om lese Ihe Sager that gmerselem say peen aeq 1•6•• • MINN oess4 vim r obi Yes ink erhsr sal isesses aimed le the ham owl bsbl the On the roar Insi. *we Is • wry mem ran FM le Se nese brt of • done some aessilien I an lelmiten as siren the ementellen of the tie A or, at Se hen, to favour sees et the mere et mem Between am ONO are two pantes Be as maim for a rehasof Lit unvAllim to see Om to. stately, sad kink alive to Be Ma of notes dimple Se *Sr 1.117.10 l• •11011••• will tree is evil, but savrtilhig Is woke allowances ye a presmitlee le Ismer of *tat eziskind Yak, into the Maid* al Mmlllsom One very important element is, kinglet, bore prod over in silence—that the fierce reformers mist mainly of the clan of English, who, for various reams, fled Jersey a con venient residence; the dogged conservatives of the native population of French race. This hes a strong basin on the following recommendation is the report: It has ham mien* to us that the pronekens lo Mar ried an to INDIA. awl sot, as mer, m am& et Y *Melee that this *II be essemy at a Ms not kr fesemt. Be. Medlar Wee ==glbs wags of isms Me, lir preellogimitesh_.....ll* be essents to hen Ss iseekelee. Se alemeoleVra it seem te m Sri posperl=la het we kePt lest ask* pmt et Os goo hem • vim _ part of Se Bellatt. me pear iii = 4 alai l=ffilla = l esellmily Imo, V we IN .Me ha i Int less ban if pass she astir eels Yee grin = seems* the Mans of Se iselnisa d Mon Issliee Or list the Beglib pun Im is ilk palm gromi lke rrt. Silo% Is est 11••••■asr•• 101161 TM m a poke lubb must mum lalstlit; sal la ust urns ef the SUM his children can do so almost *venially. Probably, In another genera ting, the Eogish langUide •ria be at least as familiarly known as the French. We are. neverthohles, not prepared is recommend a total chugs. If the neetwally should ark* the chants wlll be *Lunar called far, which is certainly not the ease at. meat But acne modified* of the present MP= is necemary. TY offenders brought before th e court in the tea years width clap* from* end of 1833 to the end of 1163, weep In number— English, Ire* and Boo* 1,344 Inhabitants of the Channel Wanda 670 Foreigners Be that much the IMger part of the persons who have been subjected to the criminal law of Jersey have boar Ignorant of the Language In which the Prtaedings have taken plats. This becomes very impor tant la the ease of a trial; for the unused party, ankle he under stands the language used by *advocate, tamable buffer informa tion or suggestions which may be brought to his mind by the speech of his counsel We should recommend , therefore, that the court should have the po discretion, upon a reatei,t to that effect from the prisoner, We ar legal adviser, to order that the pro. *dingo should . take place in English. This order should him ade before the jury * selected, as 'gnomes of the language in which the proceedings are to take place should be • good ground of challenge. It iv curious that nesr:y two-fifths of the offenders ehould be of that race which is tat least numerous, and which is seeking to fora the use of its language in the tribunals on the other. This really looks as if the more or less disor derly immigrants considered that the feet that they contri bute most liberally by their personal exertions to keep the criminal courts in employment, gave them a superior elides to decide in what language the proceedings ought to be car ried on. No doubt every effort should be made to give even offenders fair play, but not at the expense of the parties offended. It is lucky that the commissioners were two English gentlemen, and as such fond of fair play : to this we are indebted for the mezzo tennine they recommend. In one respect, however, the appointment of two English barristers has had a learn fortunate effect. Of all lawyers those of the English bar appear in general the least able to emancipate their minds from the techni calities and farms of their own system. They look with cockney wonderment on every legal form and word to which they are unaccustomed, and are utterly in competent to detect the same elements at work in other sys tems from their own as soon as the external appearance is - in any degree changed. There are few systems in which " judge-made law," as Bentham termed it, is more predo moment than in the English. It obtains to, at lent, an equal degree in the law of Jeremy. And our English barristers are shocked at finding in the oourta of tit. Helier what never struck them as in the slightest degree ob jectionable in those of Westminster. Their condem nation of the Royal Court of Jersey might read like a covert satire on our justice of peace courts of quarter ses sions, did not the whole tenor of their lengthy and somewhat lumbering report show that the worthy gentlemen have not a grain of wit or satire in them. In the first place, the Royal Court, till within the last eighty yens, pommel the power of legislation. The Order of Council of 1771 expressly put an end to this power. It has, indeed, been suggested that the variations of the law may have born produced by exams enactments of the Royal Court, made at times before the fire of 1503 which destroyed the meords We think this ve: y unlikely. WOW no Important change of this sort introduced during the three canaries for which the records are preserved; and, as to some changes, we know that they are mach more recent. But it IA probable that, while this legislative power existed, the members of the court would not feel very strongly the necessity of adhering to the actual law in par ticular cares, when they knew that the general law Itself was geed only as long as they chose to peemit, and that they might at any time introduce an absolute change. Neat, we have no doubt that the popular nature of the tribunal km contributed to unsettle the law. The Jumts are chosen under a system of election in which the suffrage is very widely extended; and, as members of the states, they are expected to take an active share lathe struggles between contending parties. The persons thus selected, have therefore, seldom received any legal educa tion; other requisites are more valued. It results elmost inevitably that they must eaten be prompted to act upon their own individual notions of jounce, kid* of aeurtalned *deed law. A strong in stance of this occurred lately upon aconviction for murder, when two of the jurists, avowedly from a dielike to capital punishment, proposed to pus a sentence of transportation for life, though no purl la ment of this crime other than capital has ever born re mit:Mad by the LAP of Jersey. Indeed, the aliangre In the law have for a long time been almost invariably from more to leap severe. One exception, the introduction of transportation, is lore strong than at first sight it appears to be; for transportation is often Inflicted In rases where formerly the sentence would have been, not banishment, but loss of life or limb. The tendency of the law In this direction, though honourable to the feelings of there who have administered it, is nearly conclusive evidence that the cause which we are now point ing out mutt have been one materially contributing to the variation and inconstancy of the practice. Nor is It reasonable to expect that called upon to act judicially without previoue triaging by legal study or habit.. should not be more keenly alive to what may appear to them the expediency in the particular case before them than to the paramount importance of acting on fixel principle, of law. Another cause of the unfixed state of the law is to be found In the rarity of recorded precedents. The law now, as we have shown, rest almost exclusively on the modern practice of the royal court ; but the number of decisions is email; and these, as we have inenlioned, are not reported was to furnish adequate means of instruction in the principle' recognised by tho court. The annual number of offenders tried by the royal court, on an average of ten years, is only 137, of whom 50 sub. mitred In the first instance. There Is a record of every cause ; and occasionally this cantatas the ruling on some disputed point. But the grounds of the decision never appear otherwise than by • very brief and technical recital of the view which the court takes no detailed judgment, showing the reasoning which hoe led to this view, appears; nor are the arguments of counsel set forth. It is almost impossible that decisions, so Mw In number, so slightly reported, and not pub lished at all, can afford a foundation for a fixed system of law. And to this innocent ignorance of the defective state, for all practical purposes, of the only criminal law with which they.were previously acquainted, we attribute their ludicrous proposal to amend the criminal law of Jersey by substituting for it the English system bodily. A definite system of penal law ought undoubtedly to Ile laid down ; the question en, what that system should be. The history of co* teaches us generally that no language can anticipate the variety of eases to which the law is to be applied, and that a course of prece dents, more or ices copious, smut be paned through before the sys tem acquires a practical certainty and precision. We have already pointed out that precedents lie Jersey arc not numerous or well re corded; and we see no reason for expecting any material change in en.:., seepcst. The proposed alteration should therefore, 51 poesthce, be one which will furnish the criminal c suet with authoritative deci sions, and enable them to appropriate to throneless the experience of tribunals of more extensive practice. For this pans*, the most et& cient mean. appears to be the adoption, with such *strife-allow u may be thought advisable, of the general criminal law of some larger country. The French criminal code has already been In action for • considerable period of time, and has been explained by nomeroas decisions which am easily accessible. But an abjection to a dopting it in Jersey seems to arise from its dissimilarity to the prevent, even ancient, law of Jersey, and from the comparative rarity of ooca. shins in which it has been cited in the royal court, The English criminal law is abundant in reported decisions but it is not re duced to the form of scale. It * however, well defined by practice: and that practice is now constantly referred to In Jersey. It appears li to on, therefore, that the states, if so inclined, might easily take a step which would at least place the criminal law of the island on as steady a foundation as that of England. An enumeration might be made of the felonies and misdemeanors cognisable by English law which it was thought fit to purdah in Jersey. nesse would compre hend every offence not provided for by specific enactnunt. Ewell might bc strictly defined byi w e ; an to be found in any approved digest of English criminal law ; and it would be underetood, without direct enactment, that all the authority and resuming upon which such definitions bad been founded, or by which they had been ex plained, might be referred to in the court of Jersey exactly as in the corns of Westminster-hall. To avoid any doubt on the subject, the new code might recite that the language and provisions of the old Jersey criminal law had In many inetancee become obrolete, and that ' the more modern criminal law, oo far as not introduced by express enactment, was not sufficiently defined for the purposes of jar -tire, and that it, therefore, became advisable to lay down the law In language *informable, as far as possible, with the language used In the courts of England. Care would, of course, be token that no ex. Fenton was used rendering any authority binding on the court In any stricter anise than that in which authorities are held binding in our own courts. And, where any law noticed in the English books appeared mot conveniently applicable to the island, it might be omitted, The pariah** might be the same In kind as those in the English law, but mere or lees severe in the particular came, as the states: might think advisable. The new law should distinguish between olencsis which are triable by the en quete and thou which may be diapered of summarily. We are persuaded that a law of this kiml, saillkiently definite for all practical purposes, might be drawn up In • few hours. The innova tion, we believe, would not be felt And we think It highly important that this improvement should come from the states dyes. If the labours of the learned persons intrusted by your ?Lacey with the revision of the Engliali criminal law should terminate in the compila tion of a criminal code, it might be adopted, In whole or in part, by the states in framing a criminal law for Jersey. But we do not think that the piealbility of this result suggest. any reason lor delaying the proposed change. The criminal law of Jersey may easily be an. etrueted titan language of the Engl . * criminal law, aa now m ing and, holdalls node** be afterwards produced, it would probably ha, of a moot art, a digest of the existing law ; and a new ordinance of the states might, in • few sentence& adopt ifs pro. estate, so far ulna thoughliright, without any embarrass - meat being produced by their former ordinance. Nevertheless there is much information, and several good suggestions in this report. But the government will do well to beware of rashly acting on its recommeadations as a whole. IRELAND. DUBLIN, Avo. 24. The English people will be glad to learn that the state of the advances required for temporary relief in Ireland are likely , to prove much less in amount than could be calculated on by the ministry or the public. Lord John Russell's estimate was, that the amount required would exceed three millions. It will smay, if at all, exceed two millions ; and if this be apead over a period of ten years, as may not improbably be the case, it will not entail on any Irish county an excessive rating. The knowledge of this fact must be calculated to exercise a not tIllfIF vourable influence on the money market. The relief commissioners having had their portion withdraw' of popular displeasure, and having now —drawn from the scene, the board of worts come next, and from the alarums sounded in various quarters they are likely to have a very buoy autumn between complaint and activity. " A Suffering Friend to Humanity," in tt morning rner, accuses the board of wilful neglect, or something more culpable, in omitting to carry into execution drainage oper ations in Roscommon, for which all the necessary documents had been signed, and the reports made ander the direction of the board. After all the " fuss" of last May, the connexion between the Croghan and the Shannon remains still in posse. Doubtless the delays of the board are founded on sub stantial reasons, though some of their proceedings are certainly accompanied with embarrassment and annoyance to the landed proprietors. I have myself seen a set of documents supplied by the board for signature, attestation, &c. after three proprietors had come together from different parts of the king dom—one from England—and made all arrangements. A more complicated set of forms must be perfected before the works can go on. I informed you of the cordial reception afforded to Father Mathew by the " prentioe boys," • happy sign of a happier ern than has blessed our lament able history for many an age. Who would have thought, twenty years past, of the popular greeting of a Franciscan friar in a city consecrated to or dese crated by religious bigotry for 1.50 years ? Yet eo it is. " The prentice boys taking part in 'the procession with as much earnestness as if they had been celebrating the anniversary of their own victories." At the ban9uet we saw the episcopalian mayor side by side with the Roman catholic bishop, and Mr. Gilmour, "as stern to the principles of the covenant as John KI:10Z himself," in loving converse with the apostle of temperance him self ! The eloquent sentiments of the Roman Catholic bishops touched the hearts of the prentice boys. " May,' said he, " the system that has inspired these sentiments progress, and endure for ever—may its centre be ours, while its circumference is mankind. In the pure feelings of friendship, of fraternal charity, the full understanding that we are all Irish men, Laving a common country to save, and our com mon happiness to promote—that the happiness of all is the happiness of each—that temperance, which clears the intellect and makes man steady to his pur pose, must be made and continue the groundwork of our friendly intercourse. Let us one and all adopt the motto peculiar to the maiden city, and say with our souls and our voices, 'No surrender.'" A letter, signed " John Oliver Curran," a distin guished Dublin physician, appears in the morning papers, and has excited a profound sensation through out the city. The facts he narrates are authentic, for he was a personal eye-witness, and I may add, for your information, that Mr. Curran was accompanied in his melanch.ily tour by Doctors Stokes and Wilde, and two French gentlemen, commissioned by their government to inquire into the state and diagnosis of typhus fever in Ireland. The letter states, " that few of the inhabitants will be willing to believe that such could possibly be allowed to exist for a moment in the second city of the British empire." And whoever is to blame, there can be little doubt of the gross culpability of some parties. It is unnecessary, and would be alike sickening and dis- gusting, to repeat all the scenes described by Dr. Curran. A few will show the general character of his observations. Near the " temporary hospitals," which have been described as so comparatively healthy and pleasant, he found " twelve persons, men, women, and children, lying indiscriminately along the pathway and the gutter, waiting to be ad mitted," some stretched at full length with their faces to the sun, their mouths open, and " their black and parched tongues and encrusted teeth visible even from a distance." Inside was a small shed, roughly covered with boards but open in front, " like the sheds in farmyards for cover ing dung and rubbish." Ho took it for a receptacle of the cast-off rags of fever patients; but hearing heavy groans underneath the heap of filth, he found, to his indignation and horror, thirty-five human beings heaped together indiscriminately, heads and feet in termingled, on a wisp of straw. They called to him for water to quench their burning thirst; and on inquiry it appeared they had lain there for three days without relief and without attendance. Some were actually dying, and did die the night after the visit—all were afflicted with typhus. The remainder of Dr. Curran's letter speculates on the cruelty of submitting any part of the population to such horrors, and censures the conduct of the government, which might have adopted a better system of sanitary regulations and precautions against the extension of disease. Dr. Curran has been prompted to make this public appeal in consequence of the rumour that government in tends to withdraw its assistance from all hospitals with the cessation of out-door relief. The sharemengers are again beginning to lift up their inauspicious heads. The alluring bait this time is " millions of acres of virgin soil situated in Western Virginia, convenient to the Ohio river." The capital is only the " wee bit" sum of 150,0001., in 6,000 shares, of 251. each ; and, more tempting still, the small deposit of only half-a-crown per share is soli cited. About 1,0001. would flow into the pockets of the " schemers"—we use the word of course in its original sense—and none would be much the poorer in the deposit of thirty pence a share. The " Western Land Virginny Company" might as well spare the cost of advertisements, as there is not the remotest chance of a nibble. The virgin soil will continue undis turbed by an Irish spade on the banks of the 0 —hi —0 ! There cm thirteen defaulters in the rank of gen tlemen in the Athlone onion. They owe retell to the amount of 232/. _ _ There has suddenly been revived to-day the rumour of a potato blight. Accounts to this effect have, it is said, reached town from Wicklow, on the east coast; from Mayo, on the west coast; as also from Sligo. Whether these rumours are well founded it would be impossible to say. We most hope they are not. They have, however, had—for I suppose . it was that which had—the effect of maintaining prices and giving a firmer tone to the Corn Exchange operations this day. This day Mr. Gregory's draft for 7.30/. was paid to the high-sheriff. Mr. Reynolds was in error yester day when he said it had been dishonoured for want of funds. It is said that when Mr. Gregory saw that he lost his election mainly owing to the bungling of the high-sheri ff , he wrote to his banker not to pay the draft, being resolved to let Mr. Roe take his action, and, on the trial, show the way he botched his business. However, Mr. Gregory had intended to pay the amount, and did so this day, as stated. It is confidently reported that the petition against the return of Mr. Reynolds will assuredly be presented. Notice of an action for libel has been this day served on the proprietors of a Dublin paper for the publication of an article, on Saturday last, to the effect that the wife of a professional gentleman, said to be pointed out, had eloped with an officer. There is no truth iu the report, if it apply to the parties supposed to be referred to. ANOTRER FEVER VICTIGL—Mr. A. Beale, secretary to the Society of Friends' Relief Committee is Cork, has rust sealed his exertioas in the cause of humanity by death. He was carried off by fever. Tam GaLweit GLAND JURY, headed by the M.P.'s for the county, have addressed a long but sensible memorial to the government, which they open with the declaration that the advances to the county during the late crisis having been made by the government promptly and liberally, the debt so incurred shall be honourably and punctually repaid. Having attracted the notice of the Lords of the Treasury by this "promise to pay," they enter into a long statement to show the claims they have on the consideration of govern ' anent. With regard to the works under the Labour-rate Act they state that Lord Lansdowne having declared that no public works should be undertaken except those of un questionable utility, and the works which had been under taken being union and incomplete, they propose a middle course—namely, that the works should be valued by com petent persons, and their actual value only charged to the credit of the county as against employment, and better value could have been obtained for a far len outlay. The next subject is the new poor law, which, not withitanding its burthens, they profess their anxiety to see realised efficiently and humanely. They very truly state the difficulty of collecting funds for the ordinary expenditure of the county, and to render the operation of the law as light as is consistent with justice they propose that the in stalments under the Labour-rate Act should be postponed for a season, and that spread over a longer term. They pro pose that all incomes derived from land should contribute to the general taxation ; that a well conducted scheme of emi gration would tend to the rapid Improvement of society ; that Galway, looking to the western hemisphere, has no railway; that the development of the fisheries would add to the national wealth ; and in conclusion, that " advancement of loam for usefuipurposes " is the one thing needful. The representative of the Moantcashel doctrine entitles the Galwegians to some extra favour. CAPTURE Or WEAL'S IN LOUO/1 FOYLE. On Saturday, the 7th inst., a shoal of whales of the bottled nosed species, were embayed in the shallows of Lough Foyle, on the county Deny side of the Shell Island. They were soon observed by the workmen employed in forming the embankment for the Londonderry and Coleraine Rail way. Two boats lying alongside the bank were immediately manned by a few uanng adventurers, little acquainted with the dangers of whale fishing. After some manteuvring, however, they succeeded in driving them into shallow water, when a desperate Womb) commenced. Such arms— Doles, spars, rails, &a., u theited hastily caught up, were found worse than melees against these monsters of the deep. The rash assailants were most unceremoniously lashed about after they had closed with their huge antagonists in their I own element. Defeat must have been the result to the headsmen, had not the steam-engine poured down a con stant and fresh supply of men to the assistance of their roughly handled and now nearly exhausted comrades. The surrounding hills were crowded with spectators to witness this novel and interestiag combat. After five boars of doubtful and arduous conflict, victory was declared in fa vour of overpowering numbers. Four of the shoal were captured, and will reward the victors with at least two tone of excellent oil. This, it is expected, will be the last op portunity that these cetaceous visitors from the Arctic Sea will have of playing their gambols in this locality, as the very spot where this scene was enacted will, within the spew of four years, it is expected, wan thick with corn. This conversion of a place now covered with the watery element, and the resort of whales, into dry ground, is entirely due to the enterprise of the Derry and Coleraine Railway Company. The place where the capture was effected was near the village of Muff, in the parish of Faughenvale.—Dublin paper. SCOTLAND. EDINBURGH, AUG. 24. One episode connected with the Queen's visit to the Clyde deserves special record. While Per Ms,j(!sty entered the river the American frigate Macedonian, which came over with food for the destitute Irish and Scotch, had her main and fore masts, and bowsprit decored, as Caleb Balderston would have said, with British colours, the United States ensign being at the gaff peak. She gave the Queen a royal salute of 21 guns. Her Majesty invited Commodore de Kay and his lady to visit her yacht on her return, but from same change in the arrangements of theroyal squadron the visit was not performed. Another instance of in ternational courtesy is afforded by the presentation of a superb cast of the Laocoon to the Glasgow School of Design by the Baron Marochetti. Fever has decreased in Glasgow 161 cases daring last week ; and, as illustrating cause and effect, it re quires to be stated that during the same period 298 houses were cleaned. The income-tax system having turned out well nationally, an attempt is to be made to try it on mu nicipally. A schedule has been sent round to the Glasgow parochial authorities inquiring the incomes of the inhabitants, which they are called upon to fill up. The Dean of Faculty has given an opinion that the board has no right to insist on such returns being made; they will therefore vvry likely be resisted. SHOCKING TRAGEDY.—A ram rule realisation of the story of Ginevra, in Rogers's "Italy," and of the song of the " Milletoe Bough," occurred at Glasgow on Saturday List. Three young boys, two of them eons of Mr. J. Wilson, builder, Galloweate, and the other a son of hie brother, Mr. Charles Wilson, were lost. As the rest of the family were down the water, the boys' absence occasioned at first no great uneasiness, as it was supposed that the young sters, the eldest of whom was about 11 years of age, had set off to join their mother and the rest of the family. As nothing had been heard of them, Mr. Wilson left home early yesterday morning with the intention of pro ceeding to Ilelensburg, where the family were, to ascertain if the runaways were there. Ile had not, how ever, been long away, when a carter who takes charge of a horse belonging to Mr. Wilson went to the enable for the purpose of procuring some provender for the animal. The provender is kept in a corn-cheat—a box six feet long and about three deep, with three separate compartments, and secured on the outside with an iron hasp, which fits into a staple in the side of the chest. On opening the lid, the man was horror-stricken at finding the three young boys motion , less at the bottom of the chest, each occupying one of the compartments. Ile immediately summoned assistance, and they were taken out ; hut it was found that two of them, James Wilson, aged 11, and Charles Wilson, about • year younger, were quite dead, and had been so apparently for a ' considerable length of time. The youngest, a boy between 7 and 8 years, showed some signs of life, and by prompt medical attendance he gradually revised, so as to be able to state what had led to the melancholy catastrophe. The brothers and cousin had gone into the chest in search of beans, and while so engaged the lid, which, as has been already stated, is secured on the outside by an iron hasp fitting into a staple, closed on them. In falling, the hasp, as it most unfortunately haprened, fined into the staple, and all the united strength of the poor cap tives was insufficient to enable them to burst the bands of what, too truly, proved their tomb. On the side at which the youngest boy was found, the lid did not fit so close as the other parts, and from the limited supply of air which had been admitted through this crevice is to he attributed his preservation. They had endeavoured to support each other's courage as well as they could in their dismal dungeon ; and, before giving up hope, one of them broke the blade of a pen knife in the attempt to make an incision through the side of the chest. After they had exhausted themselves by unavail ing shouts and cries which were not heard on earth, they all joined in prayer. This is the last circumstance which the surviving sufferer recollects, as he soon after became insensi ble. To account for no noise having been heard, or no one within call, it may be mentiored that the wood-yard in which the stable is situated is locked up early on the Satur day afternoon, and is not again entered till Monday morning. A CLEVER COLLY.—Wonderful stories are told of the Scotch sheep-dog. The latest is from the Edinburgh Chro nicle. An unfortunate dog, in order tolnake sport for some fools, had a pan tied to his tail, and was sent off on his travels towards Gab. He reached the village utterly ex hausted, and lay down before the steps of Mr. Young's tavern, eyeing most anxiously the horrid annoyanee hung behind him, but unable to move a step further, or rid himself of the torment. Another dog, • Scotch colly, came up at the fame time, and seeing the distress of his crony, laid himself gently down beside him, and, gaining his confidence by a few caresses proceeded to gnaw the string by which the noisy appendage was attached to his friend's tail, and by about a quarter of an hour's exer tion severed the cord, and started to his lege, with the pan hanging from the string in his mouth, and after a few joyful capers around his friend departed on his travels in the high est glee at his success. PROVINCIAL. • MURDER AT LITTLE lIEATON.—On Tuesday after noon, at half-past one o'clock, an inquest was held at the house of Mr. William Heaton, the Doecocker public-house, in Heath's, before Mr. Rutter, county coroner. The jury haying returned from viewing the body, whjch was at the farm-house, at the top of Heaton, about a mile from the Doff cocker public.bouse, the coroner proceeded to examine the witnesses aa follows —Bridget Dean, a girl about 22 years of age, servant to John Pilkington, said : I have been at Pilk ington'a several months. There lived there the old woman's son, William, myself, and her sou John, whole now in prison, and with whom I lived. The old man did not live there. I don't know where he lived. On Sunday morning, about 7 o'clock, the old man came to the house. Ile asked to come in to light his pipe. The door was fastened inside. He said he would go nut again when he got a light, but he sat down and would not leave. I then said I would not leave the eld woman with him. I was going to deliver out some ni;lk, and I said she must go with me. She agreed to go, and her eon and the old woman went with me. That was the first time she had ever gone with me. We both returned together. The son went another way. It wanted ten minutes to nine o'clock when I met her at Mr. J. H. Ainsworth's shop. I had been to some customers by myself, and met her on my return. When we got back the old man was sitting by the fire in the aim-chair. When we came is, he said to the old woman, " is thee to be master ?" and she replied " Yea; our John left me in care of the house." Nothing more wan said, but he got up and struck her on the head twice with the poker. lie was going to strike again, and I caught the poker in my hand. He weeded it out of my hand and struck me on the head with it. He was making another blow at me, but he missed, and I ran out at the door. I alarmed the neighbours at Barrow-bridge, and then a number of people went up. They were at the house be fore me. When he struck at me he had the old woman in the corner on the left-hand side of the fire. He was between her and me. It was there he struck her. When .1 returned from Barrow-bridge the house was full of neighbours, and the old woman was in the armchair. The old man was not there. I saw him yesterday in Bolton, before the magis trates. I did not see the poker until I saw a policeman with it in his hand on Sunday. The poker generally stood by the aide of the fire. The old woman was about three yards from him when he struck her. I saw hint get up from the chair, but did not sec him take up the poker. He bad to go over the hearth-atone to get to her. The old woman only heaved three sighs after I returned, and then expired. When I ran out, I saw no blood only what came out of my own head. I did not look back.—John Hodgkinson, of Lane Ends, Heaton, said: The deceased was my aunt. I went op to the farm about a quarter past eight on Sunday morning. I found the prisoner there, sitting by the fire-aide. I did net go in. Seeing him, I went to the shippons to see if there was any one there; but finding nobody, I came back. As I was returning he came out of the house sod asked me what I wanted. I told him I wanted to see my aunt Betty. He said, " She's drained herself up, and gone off about half an hour ago I thought she had gone over to your house." I said, " If she had gone half an hour ago she would have been there before I started." He said," Then I don't know where she's gone; will you come in and sit down." I refused, and then he came a little nesrer to me and said, " Our John has given me seders to look after the property. He told me to get lodgings convenient, so that I could come every day, and no longer lodge upon the hay-roost." He then stood awhile, apparently full of thought, and said, " I think things is going to he very awkward." I made no reply, bat only " Perhaps she will not be long.'' And he " No, very likely not," and went back into the bonne. He had lodged at Walker Fold, in Horwich, with Joseph Heaton, about half a mile eft—The prisoner said he told llodgkineon that his eon and the girl had gone with the milk, and that his wife had deemed herself up and gone off; nor did he ray that his son said he was to sleep no longer on the hay-roost. What he said was that his eon said he must get lodging! convenient, and that he got lodgings at J. Heaton's, at Walker Feld. —Hodgkinron, however, declared that the statement he had made was perfectly correct, and that the prisoner used the words be had mentioned. William Miller, of Barrow-bridge, which is about a quarter of a mile from Pilkingten's home, said on Sunday morning, about a quarter-put nine o'clock, Pilkingten's servant came screaming down the fields, and laid old Robert had killed aid Betty, and she wanted some one to go up. I ran up, and when I got there. thi re was a young man standing there. His name is Joseph Hunt. He ran up the fields before me, and got there first. William Pilkington also ran up the field, and looked through the back window. Joseph Hunt went to the front. The door was closed; I asked Hunt if he dent open it, and he said "No." I then got a beesom's handle, and he got a spade. and then he opened the door. The old woman lay bleeding on the floor, and Hunt stepped back. I went to her, and said, " She is not dead, we had better go for a doctor," I went up to the field, and caught the horse. to go for a doctor. A young man, however, named William Morris, said he could go faster himself, and ran off to Bolton. • William Pdkington and Hunt then fitted the old woman upon a chair, and Ann Haworth washed her head, and tied a cloth round it. She sighed about threes times, and then died. I saw nothing of the old man. There was a great deal of blood'apen the floor, which was coming from her right ear and her mouth —Ann Haworth, of Bar row-bridge : I went up to Pilkington's after the alarm, , esa Sunday mo y rning, and saw the old woman upon a chair,tchh.l4 b her son. I bathed her head with water, and she . fe ed five or six sobs, and then died. The blood was flowing . ro m her head, her mouth, end her ear. I did not sec th e old man. She bad her working dress on. She was not ' d hod's u j ar e erat.not: s T : ited r e r it. eon 6 o iit—e y st sic none rrw 1 4 e it In f we ag e . oFD:no eolf:: bniket, to hni directionl And d i ta e: a . sapnoggt - tf k. Belmont. He was ecaling io :ppavently, from his eon's farm. He was walking rather . lie was not going towards