The Express. — London, England, 1846-11-11 00:00:00

Sm Murray, WW. H. Elaircts W. Swinburn- MAarnas...—.T. Arundel, G. J. Gibbon, D. W. Symonds, W. IL Crane, B: Simpson, L Norway, F. J. Rent. T. 3. Whiffler, W. J. Willis, W. H. Williams, J. r: Beckett, es Bimoloss.—L D. Barhanan, R. Hay. a, J. S. Davidson. W. Roberts, W. Crot ord, D. Ritchie, R. Dalton, R. Anacreon, J.G. Risk, A. Brown, J. H. ITaire, 3. 0. H. O'llamm, M.D., H. 3. Doraville. as AND FVLIICRAL—W. Mertidith, C. J. J. maturio, C 11. Elkins, H. K. Comore; .1. ' , ewe, 11. S. Hooper, C. S. Cite, - 3. W. ,T. Ramage, J. Z. Antey, Wiles, T. Pidcork. i noticed in last night's Gazette issued, at the end of fourteen days; ) serve in Parliament for the county 'nee of the death of Patrick Maiwell representative of that county. . PANCitAS WORKIIOUSE.—Yes. meeting of the Board of Directors of took place in the Board-room of the Camden-town, for the purpose of to the recent report of the Poor-law r.ce to the late inquest on the pauper the general treatment and manage . Pancras workhouse. Mr. Church led the chair, and having read the loners, as also the remarks and re 'erre, as to tit: dietary and 'ventilation wad the following reply to the Com their secretary : Cordon-street. Gordon square, Nov IR. etter of the 24th of Mont.(' addressed to rectors of the Poor of f 4. Pouserss to "We, 'oor-Laws Ceframissioners, that t2te..dietary thetas Workhouse was established many and sanction of several eminent medical tore of the inmates of the oakum wards well as by the present medical staff of the much as the other able-bodied inmates, m the general body, have a great r allow solved to make the dietary of those wards moral body of the inmates I am also is proposed by the report of the directors, already forwarded to the commissioners, ments which take place in the workhouse, Imrt les punished will in future be brought !Aber directed to state, that although, in seer may have refused todieharpo inmates ut without the order of the Hoard, it has he parties applying would not mei= any r discharge, and would give no amaranth again within a very short space of time. or as pomeible the inconvenience and mis. lowing the able-bodied poor to leave the an at short intervals, without interfering their liberty—the Board has re. inmates, who claim their discharge d be re-admitted within a week, except acridity or Friday. This of course does not Is for lodging the destitute !worriers poor. to my that the directors have fully cond. rre. The removal of the dampness of the y, by the means suggested in the report of h. Farm, has been alreaey in part effected, he formation of open areas as soon an the it danger to the foundation of the building. rooms have been limited to the number he dietary of the oakum-wards has been t of the inmates as before stated. The ivy in the yard, which had been de n, has been restored. and they are but, if they should abuse this privilege, utnesion with the upper room. The sus e otiose d part of the yard in front, for , in conjunction with other alterations and pe, which the increase in the popu:ation Whitt, the employment in which he was nature, and was as nearly as possible at 'red from it by the muter, and although toaster should have deprived Wbitt of any oyed, on account of the statements which lireetore are not disposed to give him any ting from deprivation of employment for a y employment of the house having been of resolutions of the vestry and directors hitt's case : . _ Wry cons ider the reason, assigned by Me Lee tt from the carpenter's shop most ansatisfac. and therefore I s,:fastfully requestthe direc : the said man Whitt to be remstated in his at the resolution of the vestry as to the man jetted to the Board, this Board concurs with : it was inJudtctous in Mr. Lee to hare did_ hie temporary etnployment, under the dr with which that diemimal took place. But to the paramount necessity of preserving ionfost the inmates of the workhouse, deems he said man In his former occupation in the is ease into further consideratirm." to ray that besides the regulations printed able, there are numerous rules and regul, old management of the workhouse and all , sanctioned and agreed to by the vestry , 1 rules and regulations, with others founded tithe directors, being still in force, will, it asking any regulations for the workhouse ramissionen, unnecessary. I enclose here d regulations for the guidance of the master tent of the workhouse above referred to.--I your obedient servant, J. M'ainorr, Clerk. Secretary Poor Law Commissioners." made several objections to various and, in reference to the case of Whitt, :!, the master, be called in and ordered he house required to be done, Whitt ad intimation to that effect be embo commissioners ;" hot there being no !II to the ground.— Mr. Douglas hay iutions of the vestry and directors as cy were withdrawn; and on the mo , the answer as amended was adopted red to be sent forthwith to the Poor le Board then broke up. ETY.—Yesterday, the second of a course of delivery under the auspices oting Peace, and for the Abolition of one of the large rooms of the Hall of Ile-street. The lecturer of the even :pp, jun., who was announced as the Pioneer, published at Lynn, Massa- States. The subjects upon which, as Clapp proposed to treat, were " The pint of peace," and after describing tat ►ody of his fellow-countrymen, not sanee of pacific relations between the establishment of a complete brother ng between the sons of Old and New roceeded to argue that the spirit of as upon retaliation and revenge, ith Christianity, and that the ouraged those passions, engendered orruption, and therefore ought to be the day was not distant when the e hcra'dic bearing of America, would ore, and that the lion, which was app ,o the arms of Great Britain, would He contended that as the passions ige would be checked in individuals, curbed in nations, and that the prin the domestic hearth, ought to dictate arse of duty. It was to give effect to and many of his countrymen desired to abelivh and exercise the spirit of lured several interesting narratives in .s in illustration of his arguments, and Lich occupied upwards of two hours in !neral plaudits. The hall was fully the members of the Society of Friends. e delivered on Tuesday evening next, k, of Chatham. Sctioot..—A meeting was held u Tavern, fur the purpose of electing and three females, to the charity ; !ended. There was a great number lowing are the names of the success ober of votes for each :—Thos. Bird, 1948 ; George Stockley, 1209. Mary :ary Baron, 1253; Mary Anne Davis, ER REPRESENTATION.—Sir,—In of Gazette the account of the meeting at doucester Representation," which appeared inlay, you have fallen into an error, which, onee to myself, may be of moment to the nty. I allude to your using the initial letter or Grenville or Grantley), in that part of my sin I state " that I hoped they would find red in Mr. Grenville Berkeley." In the .keley, and Mr. Grantley Berkeley, being the o election, I trust the use of the initial letter conforlon, and perhaps the insertion of this y be the means of preventing many Liberal ved.—Cruana Rusam—Eiloe, Gloucester- OF SURGEONS.—The following lergone the usual examinations, were hi, college, viz., Messrs. R. H. Leach, W. Bradley, Kidderminster; W. B. . Oething, Newport, Monmouthshire; ; H. Murney, Belfast; J. Bland, ham; J Barber, Sheffield; F. Hope, , Hull ; and J. T. Brooke, Stockport. dr. W. M'Kenzie Saunders paned for r entleman's diploma, from the same ry 10, 1840. Mr. W. E. O'Brien also t. IPLE.—The undermentioned have bar by the Hon. Society of the Middle ru in before the Benchers on Saturday Bayford, Worn. J. Cockle, A. B. G. B. Van Buren, J. D. Coleridge, ighan, W. Milo, C. Milliard, and H. UNTERS AND ME ROBBERY OF sides the books fraudulently obtained ries, as noticed in our paper of yester nd the police courts of Marylebone, -street have been similarly plundered. hole sets of handsomely-bound statutes ocured, is somewhat remarkable. An presented himself at each of the above Lc, addressed to no person, but sub name of one of the gentlemen be es printing-office. Upon presente r and suspicious-looking document, red up, without hesitation or inquiry, )raries and offices we have mentioned. la in the note was that the volumes printing-office to correct a mistake mind numbers of the statutes, and to it was added that this was " an sant- We have since ascertained that such is ire no known errors in the Public Acts I. As the statement impugns a print ,rhaps—a3 it ought to be—the most ta , readily correct it. During the last 000 rages passed through the presses yet, so far us has yet been aseer r was committed. In the Custom's Bill, the words " or " and " and " were transpose 1, but only in a few copies, for the mistake was obaerved in time to correat it for the rest of the impression. The stolen books were very expensively bout.d, but can only be converted into waste W per by tho thief, to whom a clue has been found. IE WAKLEY T'ESTIMONIA L.—The eubecriptions, for the purpose of presenting Mr. Wakley with some testi monial in consideration of his services as coroner, and his efforts to effect an abolition of naval and military flogging, ate favourably progressing. John Walter, Esq., of Bear wood, Berke, has presented the committee with 101. in fur therance of this object, and the auxiliary fund has already been contributed to, by from 2,500 to 3,000 donors. In the Course of tho ensuing week public meetings will be held in ! various parts of the metropolis ; the first—of the inhabitants ! of Finsbury—being announced for Monday next. EMIGRATION AGENTS.—Sir, —Knowing the interest you take in the welfare .ef the British emigrant, I talrc the liberty of Sending you the copy of a letter I received a few days since, detailinz ohe of the many hardships endured by those poor people from the =ries/mew, neglect, or cupidity of brokers and emigrant agents. The poor man in question left the North of Ireland a fortnight since, fur the purpose of emigrating with his family wife and four or live children) to America. He took his passage in a vessel for Philadelphia, out of which (asyou will see) he was unceremoniously turned at the moment of departure. In the burry of getting his children and baggage on shore, he falls between the ship's side and the dock wall; is miraculously saved from the meet imminent peril, but tee-Urea a severe injury of the chest, which lave him on a bed of sickneve. His unexpected detention at Liverpool clients him of the last of his slender resourcea, and, to add to li is misfortune, be in now sent 1 ut by the broker in aship bound for Boston, where he will land in the depth of an Ame rican winter, friendlera and penniless• whilst at Philadelphia—his oricinal destination—he would have foind three brothers, from whom he would, at least, obtain the shelter of a roof for himself and his family on landing. I may add that the subject of this letter is an honest, sober, and industrious man, and an old soldier, who e consti tution has been much impaired in the faithful service of his country. —I am, lex., Vaitrus. [Corti Liverpool, Nov. 4. G. R. D —u., Fin.—Sir ,- 1 take the liberty of sendin g you these few lines to let you know the accident that has happened me in Liver pool. The broker I took my passage from had not returned me on the books to the captain of the vessel, and lie turned me and my family out of her when sailing out of the docks, and In the hurry of getting my things on shore I fell in between the vessel and the pier, and I am severely injured in the right breist, and I have now got a blister on, but am in the way of recovery. He has now transferred me into the ship Colombo for Boston, to wail on the 10th ; and I am very hard up as my money is all spent, and if your hooour would be so land as to send me a trifle to help to pay my lodging and boy some provisions I want, with the help of God I will hand it to Colonel —alter my arrival in Canada, and he would transfer it to your honour,—SigneQ Janes KELLT. . - - THE GRAND POLISH BALL AT GUILDHALL is fixed for Wednesday, the 18th inst. All the decorative arrange ments, as prepared for the Lord Mayor's day, are pr• served, and some further embellishments will be added. The tapestry, worked and presented by the ladies of Poland to Lord Dudley Stuart, will Mao be exhibited in the hall, to gratify the curiosity of many who have not had an opportu nity of seeing it yet. VARIATIONS IN THE PRICE OF BREAM—Yester day the bakers in Clare-market, Drury-lane, Holborn, and its vicinity, made a reduction of one half-penny in the price of the 41b. loaf, while, at the same time, those resident at the West End, the City, and other parts, made an advance of a similar sum on the loaf of the same weight and quality. The following is the singular variations in the, price of that im portant article of consumption in the several districts of the metropolis. In the bormgh of Southwark, St. George's, Newington, fee., the price is almost exclusively Bd. and 81d., while in the adjoining pari.h of Lambeth, New Cut, Lower Marsh, &c. ' the highest is 7.1c1. but the more general price is 7d. only. In the City, with a few exceptions, the sum demanded is Bid. and in some instances 9d. ; but at the eastern portion o f City, and just beyond the boundaries, extending to Shoreditch from lihhoisgAte-street, ike, Bd. is the highest. The bakers in Whitechapti and its neighbour hood demand but 71d., where but a short distar ce westward Sid. and 9d. is charge•l. Variations of an equal extent also 'list with regard to the best or full-price tread. In some districts only 6jd. being charged, the present average takes the range of between that sum and 10d. THE COPPER TRADE.—The following memorial is now receiving numerous signatures at Birmingham : " To THE RlkilflOlON. TIM Lotus CODINIWIONII4II or rata kluesres Tareevar.-The memorial of the undersigned merchan manufre..- turers, brass-founders, coppersmiths, metal merchants, lie., of Bir mingham, respectfully showeth, That your memorialists have already, on various occasions, addressed her Majesty's government on the evils, impaliey, and hardship to which they have been subjected by the duty levied for the first time by the tariff of 1842 on the importation of forage copper ores-such duty having been at the time expressly stated by the then President of the Board of Trade, in his place In the House of Commons, to be an experiment open for revision. That Chill has for many years been an extensive and increasing customer for British fabrics; but, nut being a manufac turing country, possesses but few means of repayment fur our manu factures, except by her copper orow That the copper one of I hill arc, therefore, of great advantage to the British merchant, as a return for his exports of British manufactures as well as to the British smelter, from their excellent quality, and to the British shipowner, as affording back cargoes to his vensels, which might, without them, have to return in ballast That the British miner ban not only large and ample protection in the necessary expense of labour, as well as in the oat of conveyance from the mines to the shipping ports (from which they are in all cares in Chili very dietant), and in the length of transit to this country, the cost of which is materially a nhoneed by , the carrying of these ores being now exclusively confined to Brill& shipping-but that he also derives much benefit from the copper trade being mainly concentrated in this country, a circumstance which must eviden'ly tend to the maintenance of greater stes dines, In prices, by giving to the British copper trade the command of foreign markets. That the smelting of copper ores in Chili previous t 4 1842 had been gradually decreasing, and had nearly ceased, the miners finding it more advantageous to sell, or consign their ores for sate, to the British merchants. That, stiteequently, your memorialists have shown that in Chili the smelting of copper ores has been most extensively resumed, and that new works have been established In parte of that country where wood and coal ate plentiful-parts in which smelting hail not heretofore been practised-and that, in come quence, inexact of copper ores, copper bars and pigs are now largely sent to Europe, whereby the continental copper and braes manufac turer. ore supplied, to the injury of the British smelter, the manufac turing interest, and of the shipowner ; whilst in the ('sited Mates, where heretofore the smelting of copper did nut exist, measures have been taken for smelting ; and, particularly, two smelting works, upon an extensive wale, have been establiehed -one at Boston, and the other at Baltimore-and are now in operation; considerable quantities of copper mot have been received in that country from Chill, end contracts for Chili= ores have been entered into, and are offered by United States merchants, who have proffered to pay beyond the price obtained for similar ores in the English mar kets, an your petitioners are prepared to prove. Copper ores have also been sent trout Chili to Pronto and Sweden-a circumstance here tofore unprecedented- and the evil effects of the duty are further and meet conclusively shown by the serious falling off of the import of South American copper ores into Engtand, and the diminution of the duty temporarily derived front that source. That during the last [radon of parliament your memorialists laid their ease before the late Prime Minister, who admitted it to be a strong one; but the financial arrangements for the year basing been made, no alteration could then be admitted. That though from circumstances connected with the loans to the Chilian miners and other facts, which have been ad verted to, the imports of Chilies capper ores did not immediately 101 l off upon the imposition of the duty in 1842; yet that such falling off has now decidedly manifested itself, as is shown by the diminution in the amount of duty received, as derived from the parliamentary returns, the sum obtained from this source in the year ending Sth January, 1845, having been 75,2011. Os. 10d., whilst in the year end ing sth January, 1846, it wasonly 59,000f.,being a falling off of 16,0001 or 21 per cent. can one year; and as it is believed that the result of the current year will show a yet more decisive decrease, it is respectfully submitted that this source of revenue must seances,* to be productive. Your memorialists, therefore, venture to hope that, inasmuch as this remaining remnant of an otherwise abandoned policy la producing such manifest and irreparable Injury to the numerous and important intrrests Involved, and is endangering the existence of a trade which hat become important to many, and esentill to some of the trailing Interests of this kingdom, and which is disturbing our friendly coo. meretal relations with s rising and industrious country, no consider*. tiens founded upon the email and yearly decreasing revenue derived from the duty will be allowed to prevent ire tmmediaterepeal, the propriety and even pressing necessity of which they respectfully urge upon your lordship's consideration.-I. That an extensive trade in the manufac tures of this town and neighbourhood is carried on to the states of South America and the island of Cube, and that your memorialists are much interested in the unrestricted import of foreign copper ore, mit is the meet available return for the value of their exports. 2. That there hoe been of late years a great falling off in the export to the Continent and America of British manufactured articles of brat* and copper, inconsequence of the same being supplied bymanufacturers in Belgium and Prance, who have unrestricted trade in foreign copper and copper ore. S. That this is a very important branch of the manufacturing trade of this town and neighbourhood; the metals brass and copper entering into the composition of most of the articles on which the largest portion of the population are employed. 4. That the price of copper in thia country, notwithstutd ing the decline in the value of the manufactured articles abroad, has maintained a high range for the last two yews ; and that your memo rialists ooneider that this has been supported by the restricted intro duction of foreign copper ore, which is peculiarly adapted to the preparation of tine metal much required in the Birmingham mane factures" The above is comprised in a similar memorial now in course of signature at Liverpool, with the matter referring more particularly to the shipping and smelting interests omitted, but with the addition of some clauses referring to the manufacturing and foreign export trades in which Birmingham is concerned. GUNPOWDER.—The exportation of British gun powder was formerly prohibited, but such restriction has been discontinued for some years past, and at the present time a French bark is lying at Erith, in the river Thames, loading with this destructive material. It will take in a of 4,000 barrels, which has been supplied by Messrs. cargo the gunpowder manufacturers, of Davington, near Faversham.-Canterbury Journal. GOOSE GREASE.—A vessel arrived in the river from St. Petersburg with a cargo of tallow,wood, and other goods, has brought 27 casks of goose grease, of Russian produce. The article is by no means an unknown one in this country, and is used in various war, but more particularly as a re storer of alight wounds or cracks in the skin, caused by the exposure to the cold winds, in consequence of its healing properties, and for other purposes, but we cannot call to memory an importation of the article before taking place from Russia, or any other foreign country , and therefore, although the arrival be of no commercial importance, the nature of it will be of interest. - • . IMPORTATION OF BoNas.—A vessel arrived from Algot,. Bay, Cape of Good Hope, has brought, besides a general cargo, comprising every variety of the usual supplies from the quarter under notice, the large quantity of 82,3201 be. weight of dry bones. The arrival of so large a quantity of animal bones in one vessel from the Cape is rather remark able, for whatever purpose they are intended. THE SEA SERPENT EXPLAINED.—I talked (says Mr. Kohl) with a Norway seaman about the celebrated enormous sea serpent. The explanation which he gave of the phenomenon seems to be worthy of notice. He said he did not believe in the existence of such a monster; but that he had often seen c. rtain small fishes, which have the habit of swimming close together in a long narrow shoal; and that, as they dived or rose, they might present some appear ance resembling; the joints of a vast serpent. CHEAP FARES.-SO successful have been the expe riments on this system from Hungerford-market to Pad dington, that it is now in practice en the line ofroad from the Eastern Counties Railway to the Elephant and Castle, the fare being threepence. PRIVATES MATHEWSON AND COOK OF THE SEVENTH HUS.SARS.—Last evening, a meeting of the gen • tlemcn who have firmed themselves into a committee for "purchasing the sli4charge of privates Mathewson and Cook, witnesses at the late c 'tuner's inquest at Hounslow, from the 7th Husears," took place at the Wire Post= Tavern, Shoe-lane, Fleet-street, fee the purpo-c of rteeiving the rc port of the treasurer and secretary, and to determine on the most efficient measures for carrying out the humane object of the committee. Subserkttions exceeding 301. in amount were announced. The requisite sum is 501., being 301. for Mathewson, as he has only been in the regiment a few months, and 201. fur Cook, who has been ten years in the service. •-- FORGERY BY A FOSTMASTER.—Yesterday procla mations were posted throughout the metropolis, offering a reward of fifty guineas fur the apprehension of Mr. James Morse, chemist and druggist, of Barnet, Hertfordshire, who has filled the office of deputy-postmsattr for a considerable time past. It appeared that he has committted forgeries to a very great extent on the money-order departmmt of the post-office. The authorities endeavoured to arrest the dello• quent, but Morse had fled a few hours previous to the arrival of the officers, and is supposed to have gone to the United States. FIRE NEAR TILE REGENT'S-PARK.—Last evening, between the hours of seven and eight, a fire of a very alarm , iog nature broke out in the private residence belonging to , Mrs. Needham, No. 12, Stanhope-street, Park-place, Regent's-park. It appears that whilst the inmates were conversing together in the drawing-room, they heard the crackling of wood, and upon making an examination, it was ascertained that the two pair back-room was in flames, which soon travelled through the roof and rose to an alarming height. The inmates of the adjoining building being appre hensive that the fire would not be confined to one house, tore away the upper windows, and commenced throwing out their furniture into the street, which was afterwards re moved to the grounds of the Edinburgh Castle Tavern for protection. By so d ing, considerable damage was done to the costly articles by breakage and water. 'lnformation having been despatched to the several engine stations belonging to the London brigade, with all promptitude the engines from Wells-street, Crown-street, High Holborn, King-street, and Bakeraitreet, arrived. Un fortunately, however, the firemen had to wait upwards of twenty minutes before any water could be procured from the mains; meanwhile the fire continued to descend the staircase and through the flooring into the rooms be neath. Water having at length been obtained, the engines were immediately set to work, and the same having been worked by the firemen and a strong muster of horse soldiers from the Albany-street barracks, the flames were b' nine o'clock entirely extiogui-hed. The damage done is con siderable, but fortunately M. a Needham is insured in the County Office. The origin of the fire could not be ascertained. ACCIDENT.—THROWN FROM A HORSE.-011 MOII- day an accident of a most fearful character happened to Mr. Champney, inspector of the S division of police, who was riding along Regent-street, when the animal suddenly took fright, paced off at an alarming rate, and, coming in direct collision with a hackney cab, the rider was thrown with great violence, several of his ribs were fractured, and his leg broken. Mr. Champney was picked up in an in sensible state, and removed at once to the Charing-cross Hospital, where the surgeons pronounced him to be in a dangerous state. IN QU EST. —A YOUTH'S DEATH-RED.—Yesterday, an inquest was held before Mr. Baker, at the Fox, Kingaland road, on the body of Joseph Gosling, aged 17. It appeari that the deceased was in the service of Mr. Towne, a surgeon, as errand boy, and on Thursday evening last was sent with some medicine to a patient at a short distance, and being absent some hours, a search was made for him in the neigh bourhoce; and eventually he was found by his sister sitting on his ba sket near the canal bridge, unable to walk home, from a severe pain in his chest. On being taken to his master's he was orderNl home, and the proper remedies supplied. About one o'clock in the morning Mr. Towne was sent for, and on his arrival the deceased expressed his satisfaction that his muter had come to see him die, andsaid, " I shall soon be in my pretty box, where my brothers and sisters are;" and soon afterwards expired. Mr. Towne expressed his opinion that death resulted from the rupture of one of the vessels of the heart. Verdict—" Natural death." A LITTLE KNOWLEDGE IS A DANGEROUS THING. —This axiom was thus handled by Mr. Macaulay, in hi, speech at the Edinburgh Philosophical Institution, last week : "There is Indeed a topic which I have heard often urged, and some times by men of eminence, against this and similar hese townie, which 1 big, with your, permission, to notice. Their dread is of superficial knowledge. They say knowledge is undoubtedly a great blessing to mankind. It is closely connected with virtue—it Is an indispensable preparative to freedom—but then, it must be profound knowledge. They say, that a reading public - • crowd of people who have a little of mathematics, a little of astronomy, a little of chemistry, a little reading of poetry, a little reading of history, Ls dangerous to states. Such a species of half knowledge is worse than ignorance. Drink deep, or taste not; drink largely, or not at all. (A laugh.) I will spare you repeating the well-known lines of the poet. I must coerces this danger never appeared to me very threatening; anti my reason for it is chiefly this, that I could never prevail on any one perste , who entcrtiitted this apprehension to let me know what was the standard of profundity. It is an area ment that presupposes that there is some line between prolsand owl superficial knowledge similar to the line that runt between tentk.end vice. I know of no such line. When we talk of men daises do we mean that they have got to the bottom or near the = When we talk of deep and shallow, am we comparing limes know with the vast r 113,4 of truth which is omaide of being knotty', artd which probably in the course of ages the human mind will attain to? If that be the meaning, then we are all shallow together, and the greatest men that hare ever lived would be the first to coefess their shallowness. If we could call up the mama of human beings—tsar Isaac Newton—and if we were to ask hen, whether even in those particular pursuits in which he attained the highest excellence, he considered himself an profoundly , knowing by comparison with the mass which Is capable of being known, he would have told you, that he was a smatterer like ourselves, and that the difference between him and you vanished when compared with the difference between the mass of science to be explored; Just so the distance between a person on the level of the sea and a person on the top of Benlomond utterly vanishes when making observations on the fixed sham But if this le.• nut the r standard,. what is their standard? Is it the same for one year toge ther—or is It the same in any two countries! is it not notorious that what Is profundity in one counter, is coneidered to be shallowness in another t Is it not notorious that the profundity of one generation is shallowness in the next! What now would be the chemists of 1716, or the geologists of 1716, compared with the chemists or geolo gists of 1846 ! There is a necemary and natural progress in every ex perimental science, of such a nature, that in one generation the hind rank necessarily occupies the place which the Aire rank occupies in mother generation. That same knowledge which entitled Rtunohun Roy to be called the mast profound among the Ilindoos, would have have made but a very superficial member of this iestitute. That va rious knowkdge which entitled Strain to he called a profound gm gopher, would have been called ignorance on the part of a girl from the boarding-school. I doubt not that a copy of Mr John lierschell's beautiful work on astroLoiny will be found in your institute. A very few evenings spent over the perusal of that volume will not, It is true, enable one to cast the nativities of your children ; but it will, I believe, give him a far more correct and more profound notion of the solar system, and of the laws which govern the heavenly bodies, than the greatest astronomer of the 13th century powwows:l. Or take the science of chemistry. Our great man—fur we will suppose him to be a universal genius—our great man of the 13th century is a great chemist. lie, perhaps, has got as far us the very pillars of the Ilemules of his chemistry—for such it was regarded in that day ,• he has perhaps got as far as to know, that if you mix charcoal and saltpetre together in certain proportions, there will be a great expbdon. But, of the possibility of employing this know ledge to make a revolution in the art of war, or to accomplish vast scientific results, he has no conception. But there are things in which he goes beyond the reach of modern chemists. Ile is in pursuit of the philosopher's stone; and he has an array of saltpetre, and of red oil and white oil, bu rning night and morning, and he entertains the firm conviction that by means of those stews he will some morning turn all his pots and pans into gold. Now. suppose that Professor naiades , wua induced to give lectures in this institute, something like the counewhich I heard him give to the children in London on Christome-day. In that case, I believe that I may promise that you would carry away from these lectures a much more accurate and profound knowledge of ehemistry, than a chemist who would have been considered worthy of the pa tronage of kings, could possibly have given in the course of years in the thirteenth century.' STATISTICAL TABLE OF RAILWAY ACCIDENTS. _ We extract the following from a work just pub lished by that eminent statistical writer, Freiherr Von Reden (Etsenbahn-Jahrbuch Bahn-beande and &ewes be !Conk's.) - - • . I. Comparative table of the number of deaths in one year by railway szeitlents, in proportion to the number of passengers. Most ta•oursble. Worst year. AreTage year. France lin 3,302,000 ... lin 254,000 ... lin 1,143,000 Pmgbind lin 947, 0 00 ... lin 167,000 ... lin 394,000 Belgium lin 806,000 ... lin 257,000 ... lin 441,000 Germany lin 8,089,000 ... lin 1,248,000 ... lln 3,527,000 • • f we take the average year (between the most favourable and worst year) as a guide, the number of deaths in propor tion to the number of persmis conveyed, is greatest in Eng land ; then come Belgium, France, and Germany. 2. Comparative table of the number of wounded, in proportion to the number of persons conveyed in one year. Most favourable. Worst year. Between the two, France lin 2,201,000 ... lin 58,000 ... lin 79',000 England lin 1,29.000 ... lin 90,000 ... lin 404,000 Belgium lin 389,000 ... lin 123,000 ... lln 227,000 Germany No accident. ... lin 810,000 ... lln 3,782,000 Although the most unfavourable proportion in this respect (I in 38,000) is with France, still the subsequent years make it up, and on an average France is better off than Belgium and England. Germany alone is better. 3. Comparative table of dead and wounded during one year, in pro portion to the number of persons conveyed. Most favourable. Worst year. Average year. France lln 1,321,000 ... lin 25,000 ... lin 503,000 England lin 344.000 ... lln 64,000 ... lin 194,000 Belgium tin 209,000 .. lin SB,O tin 143,000 Germany lin 8,089,000 ... lin 499,000 .. lin 4,439,000 The most unfavourable proportion is again with France, but subsequent years make up for it, so that as regards the number of accidents Belgium numbers most, then come England, France, and Germany. It must be observed that the statement of accidents and persons injured thereby on the railways of France, and for the first year, of Germany . also, is not so exact as on the railways of England and Belgium ; as it is only the governments of the two latter which exact a yearly correct report of the number of railway accidents, and it is to be hoped that France and Germany will follow their example. 4. Comparative table of accidents occasioned by faulty construction of the line, or of the machinery, or by negligence of the pe: moos employed, in proportion to the length of railway. . . _ _ FRANCE. Number of Length of Line p roport i m Tears. Accidents. (German miles.) 1842 1843 1644 1843 One German mile is equal to 4•61-100 English. ENGLAND. Number of of P ropor ti o n. Years.Anadente. Rail 1841 1842 1843 1844 GERMANY. Number of Length of P ropor tion. Yaw. Accidents. ILtiL 1841 1842 - 1443 - 11,11 1313 EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 11, 1846. so. By , ta we king find a f n or a — verage proportion front the above eon:wi t : 19 S. or lin 90 English milts. Erman • 1:320r t in 117 1 „ fierearmy From the above tables, Freiterr Von den &awe the conclusion that the number of accidents from railways is comparatively small, and that travelling by railway is far less dimgcrous than by any other means of conveyance. In sup port of this assertion he argues that "in the above-men tioned states the number of deaths is on au average 1 on 33 to 45, or 2.2 to 3 deaths on 100, or 109 deaths on every 3,300 to 4,500 souls. Of these 2to 3 per cent. are from violent causes, so that there are 2 deaths on every 3,000, or 1 death en every 1,500 souls from violent causes. Taking the most unfavourable proportion for deaths occasioned by railway accidents, namely, the year 1845 in England, when about 200 persons toned their death on railways, they only amount to 0,033 per cats. of the general amount of deaths, 1.1 per tent of violent deaths, and 0.0008 of the population. Again, from 1840 to 1844 inclusive, the yearly average number of deaths at Berlin from accidents (not counting suicides), was 90 to 100 ; of these from 40 to 50 were eases of drowning. The greatest number of persons killed on the railways in all Germany, within a year, was four—not one twelfth of the nu m b er o f accidents in Berlin alone. River-bathing is by far more dangerous than travelling by railway. In 1813, seven, and 1844, four persacs lost their lives at Berlin whilst bathing ; whilst in the corresponding period only three persons were killed on the railways of the whole of Germany. In London alone 250 to 300 persons are killed yearly by being driven over or thrown out of carriages, whilst in the whole of Europe fewer persons meet their deaths on railways. It is by far more dangerous to walk in the streets of Paris than to travel on the French railways, for, according to official returns, the number of yearly deaths in the Paris streets is from 460 to 480, whilst the maximum of deaths on French railways, was 56. If, says Baron Roden, we take the Berlin Anhalt railway by way of example, we find that in 18t1, on every 10 miles of railway (46 English) the number of persons conveyed was 430,000. To take a similar number of persons to the same distance by the Schnell-post or mail-coach (ten there and ten back daily), 118 years would have been requisite, and as according to the average number of accidents on railways in Germany there was only one death on 45 miles (207 English miles) of rail way, the mail-coach would have to run for 472 years without causing the death of passenger to make good the assertion that there is not more danger in stage-coach travelling than on railways. Experience has proved that there are two principal reasons for the greater or lesser amount of railway accidents, viz., the statutes, regulations, and management of I the railway system, and then also the individual character of the people. IRELAND. , DUBLIN Nov. 9. . . TITE LORD LIEIITZNAKT'S ARRIVAL AT BESSROROBOR, —Ms Excellency the Lord Lieutenant arrived at Bessbo rough, Pilitown, co. Kilkenny, on Thursday night, accom panied by the several members of his family, and alio several of his household. THE POTATO COMMISSION. —We republish the following letter, addressed by Sir Robert Kane to the editor of the Freeman's Journal, in justice to the honourable men who were employed on that commission. The editor states that he was misled by some statement published in a London journal : DUBLINI Nov. 3, 1846.—Mv dear Pr. Gray, —My attention has been recalled to the totally unfounded statements regarding the coat of the scientific commission, to inquire into the nature and extent of the potato disease, on which I was associated with Professors Lindley and Plarfair, which statements you put forward in the Freeman's Journal, and afterwards forgot to contradict, although I bad ex plained their Inaccuracy to you. Thar statements, taken from the Freeman's Journal, have lately furnished the basis of some articles and letters in the Times, and also hove been epoken of at the mect:ng of the nritieh Association; and my coi -1 leagues, as well as I myself, have felt that we have been treated with gross injustice by such statements being published without foundation. It is stated that the potato commission cost 18,4001. — Now, the fact Is that that commiaoon did not, so far as I or either of the other commissioners are aware, east so much as the odd 400/. of the sum stated. I gave my services on that oocardon perfectly gra tuitously. My colleagues, as they had to leave their families and other business, were paid three guineas a day, and their travelling charges. There were same incidental expenses for our secretary, Mr. Buller, and materials for our experiments but the entire outlay on the inquiry was between 3001. and 400/. Under these circumstances the deliberate charge made in so respectable a Journal as yours, and purporting to be extracted front • parliametl i fefer, that the scientific men, employed on the potato com , had pocketed 18,4031. of the public money, will. I am sure, be at once correct.' and withdrawn, and I shall feet personally obliged if you will have the goodness to insert this letter.—Beheve me to be, dear Gray, truly yours, 8.. KAN/. STATE OF THE COUNTRY. RELIEF WGRKS.--4; find the following in the number of the Southern Reporter for Saturday last:—As the in struction to the engineers superintending the works now in progress under the Labour Act has been to employ tho la bourers by task work, it is gratifying to know that the expe riment, at least in some districts, is at present working most favourably. In the large district placed under the superin tendence of Mr. Benson, an immense number of persons are now engaged upon various road works, earning from Is. to 14d. a day, and they are so content and pleased with the arrange ment, that they expressed their unwillingness to return to the original system of remuneration. Upon one of the large works progressing in the barony of Kinalea, the labourers who are paid by task work, held a meeting, at which they prepared a document addressed to Mr. Benson, and signed numerously by their own body, in which they bear testimony to the fair amount of wages which they are enabled to earn —from 10d. to 14d. a day, on works upon which hitherto the daily hire was only Bd. The tact of humouring the people to give a fair trial to a system which was hitherto viewed with dislike and distrust, because it was new, Mr. Benson possessed—and he is one of the first public officers who has been enabled to report a successful issue of the experiment. ft has been stated as a charge against this excellent officer, whose activity, zeal, and discretion cannot at the present moment-be too highly commended, that no public work had been commenced in the neigh bourhood of Midleton, where the distress of the present year was certainly felt most severely. What is the fact ? Every man sent by the Relief Committee has been employed on the new road from Midleton to Tallaght. This work, it may be stated, w. a granted upon the faith of a pledge given by Lord Midleton's agent, that 1,0001. would be given towards the work by his lordship. The lino surveyed by his lordship's engineer being deviated from by the officers of the Board of Works, it has been intimated that Lord Midleton intends to withhold his subscription. No pledge, however, was given as to the precise course of the line when the pre .sentment was under the consideration of the sessions. In Imokilly, the number of persons employed by Mr. Benson is about 4,000. Other works hare been passed for this barony, and will he proceeded with as the relief in the various dis tricts shall require. OUTILAOE.—On Thursday evening an attack was made by an armed party on the house of Mr. George Meall, of Raheen, near Thornfield, steward to Sir Richard Bourke. Between six and seven o'clock on that evening, while Mr. and Mrs. Meall, together with a young lady, teacher at Sir Richard Bourke's school at Thorntield, were sitting at tea, a man, with his face blackened and armed with a gun, forced his way into the back kitchen, and telling the servant girl to hold down her head or he would blow her brains out, passed on into the parlour, and desired the inmates to do the same. Mr. M did so, and the man asked him where his fire-arms were. The lady was then ordered to leave the loom, which she did, imploring the fellow not to murder Mr. M. To this he replied that all he wanted was fire arms. Mr. Meall directed him where to find a gun on the top of a press in the kitchen, and the Terry proceeded thither, after which he fired a shot through the window. He broke a considerable quantity of plate ware, and the sashes and glass of the kitchen and parlour windows. After a little time he returned to the parlour and went to the drawer where Mr. Meall kept his money, and pulled it out. Not finding what he wanted, he asked Mr. Meall for a little change. Mr. Meall gave him his purse, containing about 10a, on which the robber departed. Outside he joined his comrades, four or five in number, who were all armed. One of the party fired another shot previous to their final depar ture. Up to this period, the perpetrators of this outrage have not been discovered, but it is somewhat curious that a watchman who was employed on the premises left the place a short time before, taking with km all the dogs. This outrage is unpardonable even in the habitual night-walker, inasmuch as Sir R. Bourke has exerted himself with the greatest humanity towards the poor of his district. Ile has opened a soup kitchen at his own expense where the hungry are fed, and has a female school where sixty girls are taught, twelve of the most destitute of whom are clothed. He is about clothing a few more of them this winter. If such humane acts do not beget gratitude, the character of our people must be open to the most aggravated censure. OPERATION OF THE DRAINAGE AND PUBLIC WORKS Acr.—Sir Richard Levinge, Vice-Lieutenant of Westmeath, has stated, in the following letter, a considerable difficulty in the conjoint working of the Drainage Act and the act fur Public Works : TO T. N. lIIKNOTOX, nen, he., Ste. " Kneckdrin Cantle, Nov. 7.—Sir,-1 trust you will pardon me for laying benne you my views of the effects which I comely. that the existing regulations for the guidance of presentment sessions will hare (if dill persevered in) on landed proprietors, where the landlords are anxious as to the permanent improvement of their estates. Par ex ample, I will put the value of an electoral division at 10,0001., and that it will require 2e. in the pound to pay the required labour for three months. Suppose A, B, C, U, and Eto be the proprietors of the lands—under each are the respective value of their agates, and the lesser mm the rate for which each estate is to be taxed wider the 9th and 10th Vie., 107: A. D. C. D. Z. Annual value of estate 2,000 1,000 1,500 2,500 3,000 Rats at 2s. 2OO 109 150 250 300 " I then suppose that B, C, and D wish to drain; A and E object; it will then stand— .. ^ .... ''.."... ....... A. 2. C. D. L For drainage — 100 150 250 For road work 100 130 323 973 150 "It is obvious that A and E, by objecting to the improvement of their estates by draining, will have bat half the rate to pay which they otherwise would have, and therefore I beg to say, that the regulations, as they sta nd at present, are the greatest pos sible temptation to those laudbrdo who are indifferent to the improvement of their estates, to say, ' my neighbours want to Improve their estates by drainage • I will object, and thin lighten the tax upon my property The act of the 9th and 16th Viet, c. 107, contemplates that alinhalibe equally taxed ; but now, in addi tion to road work put upon B. C, and D, because that A and E object, there is to be 34 per cent. interest added ; they must ellan employ per capable of laying out and overseeing the drainage works. My wish has been to put this case fairly : I haveasked for a second special sessions for two baronies, for the purpme of obtaining draining pre sentment*, by the desire of several gentlemen in those baronies. I own I fear the rank, and that they will be defeated in their object by the inequality of the tax. I can see no reeible difficulty or injustice in all being taxed alike—one estate chooses drainage, and another road work,—l beg to apologise for trespassing upon your time, and have the Mawr to be, your very obedient and humble sernint RICNAID LEVVIUT., Vim-Lieutenant" Sorp KITCTIENR.—Tte Waterford Freeman says :—" The Soci , ,ty of Friends in this city have raised subscriptions among their own body for the purpose of suppying the poor of Waterford with broth during four days in each week. They have mode an cogs:: , ment with ir. Tiolmron, of Ge,rge's-'street, wit) is t..) furnish thz.n ni:h 1,792 lbs. of beef each week, which will be reduced into broth, and owned out indiscriminately to the destitute poor of the city. Lord Plunkett has established soup kitchens for the poor of his neighbourhood at Old Connaught, Bray, near Dublin, and his lord,hip has doze a mucli better thing in every sense for the poor and the country, he has raised the wages of his labourers to 10t. and 12t. a week. TRANSMISSION OF INDIAN MEAL.—On Saturday morn ing seventy tons of Indian meal for the Relief Committee of Castle Island, imported from Liverpool, passed through Cork, guarded by an escort of the Ist Dragoons and 67th Rcgt., which was granted by the authorities on tke informa tion of the Rev. Mr. Herbert, who deposed that from the excited state of the country, in consequence of the prevailing distress, he apprehended the provision would not be suffered quietly to pass through without an escort. FALL IN THE PRICE OF CORN —Corn has fallen in Dublin tulle 2s. per quarter. In Limerick, on Saturday, fine quality flour fell 2s. in the price of the cwt., but there was no geaeral proportional fall in inferior "bread stuffs." I The Limerick Examiner, however , says that the firm of C. Nash and Son, of that city, lied reduced the price of oatmeal 4d., and whole flute . 2d. per stone on Saturday. This is indeed, says the Examiner, good news for the poor, to whom the food is retailing in the smallest quan tities at the same price that sales are made by the ton. In Cork, "bread-stuffs" ranged on Saturday as follows: Wheat has declined 2s. to 23. Gd., and oats 641. to Is., since this day week. In barley no change, hut the trade is not lively. There is no change in the value of flour: coarse qualities continue very scarce. Oatmeal as last noticed.— Within the last ten days, six or seven vessels with Indian corn have arrived at Cove for orders; the large ones from tke Mediterranean have gone to other ports to discharge, two or three small ones from Portugal remain here, which has caused a decline in price of about 10s. per ton. Indian meal very scarce, and in demand at 171. to ISt. per ton. The prepared market is flat, bat stocks are so very low. GALWAY. Nov. 7.—We have seldom had at this season of the year a more plentiful supply of all descriptions of grain than is offered for tale at this day's market. Prices have been reduced considerably since the last quotations. There were a few baskets of potatoes at 101. per szne.—Mereury. BELFAST, 6.—Oats must be quoted 4d. to Gd. per cwt. lower, and in moderate descend, whilst oatmeal has only declined about Id. per cwt. We have had several arri vals of Indian corn during the week, but not to such an ex tent as to rouse any decline in pfees; the demand is still good, and prices are fully supported. --Chronicle. DERRY, Nov. 4.—We continue to be largely supplied with wheat, but cannot notice any improvemest in the demand. Prices to-day were the turn in favour of the buyer, red bringing 275. to 335.; white, 325. Gd. to 355. per barrel. Oats in moderate supply and fair demand, from 15d. to 161st. per atone. Early, 14d. to 1.5 d. per stone. Oatmeal, at crane, in large supply, and buying brisk from 20s. to 20s. 641. per cwt.; ditto, at steam-mill, 211. per ton. Indian corn meal scarce, and 16s. Bd. to 17s. p:T 12011,,. is readily obtained for good qualities.—Derry Sentinel. _ _ DROOIIIII3 t, Nov. 7.—There was a large supply of grain at this day's markets. Wheat and oats told Is. per barrel lower ; barley remained stationary ; flour has fallen 2a. per rack ; seed wheat is selling at 40a. to 50s. per barrel.—Con serrative. A GOOD EXAMPLE TO LANDLORDS IN IRELAND.—Mr. St. George, of Headfortl, Gilway, a large landed proprietor in the R est of Ireland, has issued the following notice to his tenantry; acting in the spirit of Lord John Russell's recommendation : Nonce.--In order to encourage a fair retail trade in corn and pro visions, I be eby give notice, that t will, from this day next year, give a lease of his house and garden, three lives on fair terms, to each of the live persons wt:o Anil then prove to my satisfaction that he hat sold by retail in the town of Headford the Largest quantity of flour and meal, at a Gar profit, from this date, and such persons will be entitled to such further accommodations as I may be able to afford them, and like those who have already shown a laudable teal in this cause, will deem ve the beat thanks of their fellow.townamen.—Signed, 8.. J. M. tit:. Grown, Torquay, Oct. 24, IMO. PRESS PROSECUTIOL-Mr. Napier, Q.O , has commenced a prosecution against the Northern Iniy, Belfast paper, fur libel. REPEAL ASSOCIATION. The usual weekly meeting of the association was held this day, when, on the motion of Mr. O'Connell, the Right Ilon. the Lord Mayor took the chair. The CHAIRMAN expressed his approval of the policy of the Association under O'Connell, and said that Mr. O'Connell had gained Catholic emancipation, and if men imagined that he did not then possess the same powers to obtain repeal—as clear and full powers as he possessed twenty years past—they were very much mistaken. (Hear, hear.) After the Chairman's sy_etch the minutes of last day's pro ceedings were read, and Mr. THOMAS STEELE addressed the meeting. The Lord Mayor had, he said, called upon the Catholics that they should give up the leadership of O'Con nell? Mr. Lstouche had said, in 1829, that emancipation was demanded by seven millions of Catholics, but he demanded it on the part of one million of Protestants now following that example; he, Mr. Steele, as a Protestant, asked were they, as Irishmen, to reject the leadership of O'Connell ? Mr. Steele, then read an address to ,'I r. O'Con nell from Blackrock, near Dublin, and the other districts. Mr. O'CONNELL returned thanks. Ho mid he felt that he had done more for the country than could be boasted of by those who now endeavoured to divert from him the grati tude of the Irish people. Mr. O'Connell then handed in, accompanied by terms of strong eulogy, the subscriptions of the Right Rev. Dr. Keating and several of his clergy, to the amount of 271.105 . He also handed in 13 !. front Wexford, with a letter frem the people of Wexford in which the principles of Old Ireland were upheld. Mr. O'Connell asked what were the old Inlanders guilty of that should make them ashamed of their principles? They lied committed no crime ; they had obtained great advantages when the late administration was in power—the very men who now com plained of them. The highest amongst them complained that the government should stigm iti-e repeal as a crime, and expressed their anxiety that it should be permitted to be an open question. Yet now, when there was a government which left repeal an open question, these same men com plained that they should not support such a government. But did the old Irelandera forget their principles ? No, for they would support no government against repeal, and he trusted that they never would. But while they would never forget repeal, they would not offer to a friendly government any opposition which would tend to the resumption of power by their opponents. Mr. LEVINGSTON, of Liverpool, banded in 71. from the Irishmen resident there, and said there was not one, out of 4,000, Young Inlanders. He proposed a vote of thanks to the collectors. . . . . —..--.-. Mr.• . O'NEILL DAUNT seconded the motion, and proceeded to address the meeting at great length, upon topics suggested by the condition of the country. Mr. O'CONNELL handed in 5/. from a civil engineer, sub scribed anonymously ; also I/. fronie clergyman in Monaghan, and 41., the subscription of himself and his sons, Maurice, John, and Daniel O'Connell, Jun. He then rose to speak of the topics of the day. He said his speech should be short. Ile had intended to reply to the Cork resolutions, but lie had made out half his answer, when his clerk fell sick, and steed the Associa tion the tedium of listening to it, lie regretted it the more with regard to the people of Cork, because he had heard that the result of division in that city was likely to let in the enemies of Ireland to office—(hear. hear)—to let in a Tory Mayor. (Cries of " Shame.") Such was the handywork of Young Ireland. Now the Nation of Saturday had stated, that he (Mr. O'Connell) had called that party a phalanx ; but he begged pardon of the Nation, and wished to say that it had originated the name itself, and he had only adopted it, and Mr. O'Brien had confirmed it. (Hear, hear.) lie did not care what the young gentlemen called them selves—whether a young phalanx, or an old phalanx, or a " noble phalanx ; " they might adopt the latter; and they were still satisfied with being called Old Irelanders. (Loud cheers.) There was then a noble phalanx on one side, and the Repeal Association on the other. (Laud cheers.) Mr. O'Brien—the head of this noble phalanx—said he (Mr. O'Connell) was ugly, but, unfortunately, he could not help it, and he thought it was rather harsh to abuse him for what he could not help; however, he was satisfied with the re flection, that some of the Young Irelanders were no great beauties themselves. (Hear, hear, and laughter.) But where was the man of them who could stand there and say he had struggled for his country for half a century. He might be less sightly—he might be old, his body infirm, his arm weak, but his heart was young and full of love and vigour for his native land—fur " Old Ireland." Yes, said Mr. O'Connell, you were slaves when I commenced my struggle. The Protestant was an oppressor and the Catholic a slave—they had no power or privilege—he had pledged himself to remedy this, he had found her • province, he hoped be would leave her a nation. They little knew how great was the secessions he bad to encounter. Not the pippin.squeesen of the Nation—the insane scum of the press—not the popinjays of ;edifice, but the aristocracy, the mercantile induence of the Catholic body—the greater number of the clergy. He was for three weeks be fore he could get ten men to assemble in the old Catholic Association. Yet he gained emancipation. No man had ever been prosecuted who took his advice. The government of the day flew at higher game. Plunket indicted him. He had said that if England abro gated the constitution, the Irish people would resist—that 1 was always his principle—that they would use the privilege of self defence—and he expressed a hope that if they were I driven to that resistance, then should arise some Bolivar ' who the moment he gained the victory spared every oppo nent. He was prosecuted for that—but en Orange grand jury ref used to find the bills. He was prosecuted by Anglesey for a breach of a proclamation. He refused to plead to it—it was no crime—and he was sa y id the trouble of defeating it by a writ of error, because of the retirement of a ministry. Then carte the monster prodecution. He then adverted to this prosecution, and reiterated his often repeated sentiments respecting it. Ile said if they were guilty of entertaining the sentiments which the Nation honestly avowed it contemplated, the prosecuted ought to have been found guilty. Why did not those gentlemen who complained of their backwarduess and abjur ante of physical force, set up an association which should admit of physical force? Why didn't Mr. Smith O'Brien do so . No, but they arrayed themselves not in the columns of en army, but of a newspaper. Why, was there ever anything so futile? These gentlemen talked of their courage and the cowardice of O'Connell—and ' yet their only array uin the pages of a public journal. They talked of their swords and their fighting. John of the Bright Sword was nothing to them. Yet their only sign of hostility was to be confined to newspaper articles ; and their only ex hibition of force the "Noble Phalanx." Mr. O'Connell then referred to the state of the country, mid recommended to the people patience, to the government great exertion, and to the gentry the necessity of being instantly at their duty. The learned gentleman concluded by stating that he wss to attend a meeting of the Royal Agricultural Society on Wed nesday, and said he hoped that bady would adopt a liberal policy with reference to the condition of tt'e country. The rent was then announced as B'/. Mr. J. A. O'Neil: was called to this oh" and the meetia,; a, F.rated after 3 o'clock. PROVINCIAL. LINCASHIRF. CAUTION TO PARENTS.—DEATHS PROM n6ro—N.4- withstanding the frequent cautions which the press offers, scarcely a week elapses in which we are not called upon to record the melancholy deaths of children by burning. In nearly all cues such painful accidents result trom neglect and that want of proper caution which parents are imperatively called on to exercise. Two deaths resulted from the sec► dental burning of children in Manchester last week, and in both instances the children had been left without a compe tent person to take charge of them. Two inquests were held, and it was proved that both deaths were caused by the chil dren's clothes taking fire in the absence of their parents. In both cases the jury returned verdicts of " Accidental death." ESTMOREIAND. RAILWAY ACCIDENT.--On Sunday night last an accident of a serious character took place en the Lancaster and Car lisle Railway, near Kendal. It appears that on the above day a party of sub contractors and other persons engaged on the line, decided on having a pleasure trip to Shap, a dia. tance of about 16 miles, to celebrate the completion of the railway, so far as the practicability of travelling was con cerned, and for that purpose procured two engines belong. ing to the company, and embarked at an early hour in the day. On returning, one of the engines preceded the othee for a considerable distance, and there•ore arrived at its des tination earlier, but was incautiously left standing on the rails in the direct path of the one which was behind. The consequence was a collision, which dashed the first engine to atoms, and dreadfully injured those parties who were being conveyed on the second. They were thrown off by the force of the shock in all directions. Gawith, a smith, was dashed with tremendous force into the furnace of the engine, and was so dreadfully scorched ab•aut the upper parts of his body, and otherwise injured, that no hope is entertained of his recovery. Another person had his thigh lacerated, and others were injured to a great extent. The engineer has absconded. GLOUCESTER-MIRE. FOROERY OF STAMPS ON PLATE.—At the Bristol polies court, J. Gregory and E. Bynea, were oommitted for trial, for forging the marks of the Goldsmiths' Hull at Exeter, on sundry pieces of plate,—by which the duty of Is. Gil. an ounce charged by the hall for making was evaded, and an inferior description of silver passed off upon the public,— the hall only stamping that which is of the standard value. By the Goldsmiths' Act, all alive articles above two penny weights must be stamped by the Company of Goldsmiths at London, York, Exeter, Chester, Norwich, Newcastle-upon- Tyne, Sheffield, or Birmingham, and the duty becomes pay able at the time of stamping. The hall et Exeter being nearest to Bristol, the silversmiths of that district resort to it. It appeared that Gregory, who previous to the last 4 years had been a jobbing silversmith, had since that period set up as a manufacturer of silver. Bynes had worked for him for the last eight years occasionally, but during the last three months he had been in Gregory's constant employ. The system adopted seemed to be, that goods were sent to the Exeter hall to be stamped, and, when they were returned, Bynes would select one of the new pieces, take a piece of brass about the thickness of a shilling, and as near the Hall marks in size as possible, place it on the marks, then take a punch and strike a sudden blow with a hammer, by which means an impression of the marks was transferred to the brass. From these pieces of brass, the marks of the Hall were re-impressed on silver spoons and other plate when in an annealed state, no more than one impression being taken from each brass, and the marks of the operation which re mained upon the silver being cleaned off by another work man. This practice had been going on for a considerable time, and the brasses were usually beaten up after the im pressions had been taken from them. Tire Fest,. OF POVERTY is mentioned as a strong trait in the character of all famous misers. This feeling is illus trated by a paragraph given in the last number of the Glouces ttr Journal, by which we learn that one of the legatees of the late "Jemmy Wood," the rich banker of Gloucester, lost no less than 180,0001. in his anxiety to secure " a com petence" of 20,0001. under the will of his master. The local paper says: " The late Jacob Osborne, of Gloucester, i exhibited n threefold aggravation the miserly propensities of his old master ' James Wood, the hanker; the property which he actually possessed was of comparatively a very moderate amount. NVe believe he only left behind him a sum of from 24,000/. to 28.0001., whereas his share under the will of tho deceased banker amounted to nearly 200,000/. The discre pancy between these two amounts is accounted for by the fart, that during the period when litigation was most rife with respect to Mr. Wood's affiirs ' and when the chance when the executors would be able to establish the will was doubtful, Mr. 0-borne laboured under much nervous apprehension of ultimate beggary, under which fear, it is said, he listened favourably to the proposals of some six or more gentlemen, who joined toge ther and bought his chance for 20,0001., paying him that amount, and giving him a guarantee against any liability for costs or any other charges that might arise out of the l opposition to the will This 20,0001., then, was all that Mr. Osborne received for hie share of Mr. Wood's immense wealth, and the difference went into the pockets of the spirited and lucky speculators in the chances of the law. Having duly invested this 20,00:91. with the earlier savings of his life in the public securities, Mr. Osborne, relieved from the dread of a workhouse, which had haunted his imagina tion, set himself down to live quietly and as contentedly as his narrow sympathies would permit, upon the smallest possible portion of the interest of his money, and seems almost to have endeavoured to realise the hardships of a workhouse life voluntarily. Mr. Surinam is now the only surviving executor of the late Mr. Wood. CAM Mil UG titil I I - The NEW BOTANIC GARDEN AT CAMBRIDGE if COM. maned, the Vice-Chancellor having planted the first tree oa the west side, near the spot intended 4.r the entrance on the Trumpington-road. The Professor of Botany subsequently followed his example, by planting another on the cast side of the garden. Twenty men are actively engaged in deeply trenching and levelling about seven acres of the ground in tended fur the immediate reception of as many of the prin ciple groups of the larger descriptions of trees as can be procured before winter. The Curator, who is 'acalowily superintending the work, has found both the depth and quality of the BA much superior to what be had anticipated; and lie considers even the poorest portions, towards the south-west angle, perfectly suitable to certain tribes. The gentle undulations over the whole twenty acres, and the introduction of a large sheet of water, where the depression is greatest, will tend greatly to break whatever of formality it may be necessary to observe in the scientific grouping of the various objects that are cultivated in a botaxic garden. NORFOLK. Tun COUPORATION 0F.J41.11i:V71(1 on Monday last elected Mr. Jeremiah Colman to be Mayor of that City, and Mr. Charles Winter to be Sheriff, for the ensuing year. DEvoNsiiikts. HONOUR TO THE FAIR Sex.—The SEX.—The Builder says—" At the risk of vexing some who would not have their good deeds brought too prominently forward, we cannot avoid making honourable mention of the remarkable perseverance and devotim of the daughters of General Simcoe, who distin guished himself in the American war. These Indies, on the ruins of the old abbey of Duukswell, near Honiton, have erected a church, for which they worked all the stone with their own hands. A large drawing-room, commenced by the general, and not finished, served for the atelier. A WATCRMIN at Dcror.port, named Davey, is in custody on suspicion of having caused the death of a woman of in different character, who bad engag‘d his boat to carry her on board the Stromboli lying in Hamoare. On the return of Davey, shortly afterwards, he expressed his belief to a constable that the young woman just after getting on board the ship had fallen into the water and was drowned. The body however was not discovered until the 27th ult., when on being picked up, the face was found to be greatly dis figured, an eye was missing and the head exhibited marks of violence. At the coroner's inquest, Davey, being sworn, solemnly declared that he put the woman on board the ship, a man assisting her up the aide of the vessel, and as he was leaving he heard a splash in the water, but saw nothing He was hailed and told that the woman was overboard, but those on board made no attempt to save her, and after look ing about for some time he pulled towards the shore. On examining Allen, the constable, that witness proved that Davey had given different accounts of the circumstance, for subsequent to his first statement to witness, he told him that the woman was not drowned, but was on board the ship all right. Witness afterwards went on board the Stromboli, to make inquiries upon the subject, and those who were on duty on board that ship on the night in question declared that no woman had been brought alongside for the night. A Serjeant of Marines had told him (Allen) that ho was on North Corner beach on the day after the woman had been missed, when Davey said to him, " I was alongside your ship last night, with a woman ; she was drunk, and I was not much better. I could not get any assistance ; she fell over board between the ship and the boat, and went down like a stone." The testimony of a medical man was next given ; he expressed it as his opinion that the deceased did not die from drowning, in cons eq uence of the flaccid state of the lungs As the Stromboli is, at present, on the coast of Ire land, the inquiry was adjourned. CORNWALL • New Sitsturre.—The Gazette of last night annotthees that ‘• the council of his Royal Highness the Prince of Wide'," have nominated the following gentlemen sheriffs of the county of Cornwall :—N. Kendall, of l'elyn, Esq. ; Sir W. P. Call, of Whiteford House, Bart. ; and William Dau bur, of Killiou, Esq.. • .0.71.1217 THE NEW MAYOR FOR ANDOVER L, to be Mr. Thomas Phillips. The election for Town Councillors has given rise to some dissatisfaction in consequence of the friends of cer tain candidates having been required to pay some tavern bills. Small bribery and corruption, like many other nui sances, are remarkably tenacious of existence. Surely those who inttnd to do their duty to the public should no longer countenance the system of ' paying" their way to office. BUCKINGIIAMSITTRE. _ . Tait GAME LAWB.—Dulins the past week no less than thirteen prisoners were committed to the House of Correction at Aylesbury, by the Buckinghanshire magistrates, charged with poaching and trespassing in search of game, viz, two for one month ; five for two months; two for three months; and four for six meek'. During the week previous to the last, thirteen prisoners were also committed to the Douse of Correction, at Aylesbury, for offences against the Game-laws, their terms of imprisonment varying from seven days up to three months. Twaoty-ti: poachers committed within a fortnight! ESSEX. THE PROPENSITY FOR STEALING.—IASt week Charles Donellan, a labourer, of Eaat Liam, was discharged from Ilfad Gaol, where he had undergone an impri.onotent of 21 da'e, for stealing some eahbag, plaids at Et•t Ilam. It seems that in this case poverty was not the inemtive to crime, for on being searched at the prison, the .nit of 951. in gold was tinti,d upon him, and a:so a. ss. in a sia..ll hag It app ars t!m; he had, on the evening lie was taken into cust,ly, draws the money from the Barking 5.., bank,