The Express. — London, England, 1852-05-01 00:00:00

et — . he :7 ;Ws at I. ; 01 )01. UN aft U.S , use Rill may las r of malt' tail taiii xis. id▪ is or ea ▪ s • Liam. thst r sad i 4 i ibe • sr ; 0 2 olio II be •—lbe - Nal, it IS 'der, Is Li s dii • vie elilse ohms ors ra_ a llbs Mr. ors as • = mg elOa •Algs ihen w a _ — Wan elp eft yema• ANA els rilas silos) 'War PO* -4 En ------o--- ;noel 'fbr the adoption of deo eimuffillese-e mune whisk I up by ile eabeill,elm 1 awl I bed, apes ma welt cannot believe diet my pads* um. deism paring the lem la the eenaties may be his political eir emamideal eginitse, can tor with that la the egdeeltarel aselis ling ri all eg e thsllite "Wet is 'leveret hesitate is eif= id essiefilealag. I have mesh MOM madimeble fa the letter. 1 take Emmy, Hid touched upon the canon TWA seer attends the Hem, sal Lemmeldle es fair exponents of the noin; menigemeut of the flies see of salty . I have en- and Ullmildire. Norfolk, and lame of the Weer. Is the &secured to bring the omomffine to ends a Mow that it dine Sot diarists the i mount of house tax ii 260,0001. • may become habituated se males that obingerwst meth the annual of lacy surrendered is 290 , 0001, ; while is t he jest with—permit use to say--meseshell mem of abeam three agricultural counties the actual produce of the house I r a o f pat epee than have the seMeemats of a tax is 18.0101.; the amount surrendered 77,000 L—four novice minister of late yeses. tight Ins. predeameer. time as me Is was retained. (Hear, hear.) I will oily age Ted whose c h‘ldi,s I :woe's's* willb eiggseilsom ertemerreso mobs es eleteesation or two on the right hon. gestitesans io hae place than, I well remeadmer, he wee nualled by a pawed. He sir" tithe income tax is renewed, he shall theound &met* which in Menealvee may have been Jest, ha vi a ampus at 411110 ht. ; and with that amount of 'me ws 'owe, ellen viewed with esepeet to the remerees of plus it amid be ambess es attempt any reduction of taxa the i sometry. I cannot but feel were unreasoaable wheu tioa, mere especially m I doubt whether that surplus will they wore urged, and many of which, I regret, were tom. be realised to the MI extent. I think he has erred in pled with—l will not say with renovation, but be a too taking the excise a little Me high ; and I fear he will be i Weer* wreeseity.. Sir, her Majesty s ministers would not disappointed in hie eetimate of the provable expense of the shrink Vora reviewing the whole system of our finances, Kaffir war. Front all that I eau learn, the probability Is with se attempt, if possible, to induce the Howe of Com- that the 460,0001. will be expended before the curl of the ewe s to a Olin to sonic clear and decided opinion upon the year; the expenditure is still - ging on; sad principles upuu which the public revenue should be 1 very much doubt whether 200.000'. will he moed. 'they look with "treat apprehension at the sufficient to cover the probable further expense. opoitues preseleut in this house, which liens imposed to all Making allowance for those tee probable errors, my can dle great warms of raieiug this revenue. They consider elusion is only the stronger uto the propriety of the course r e e t ' allow may be more injurious than rashly and rapidly which the right hon. gentleman proposes—to make no to ratio..• the amines of luilirect tasation, while you have alteration in the taxation fur the year, but to renew the come to au general maielusion as to the principles upon income tax fur another year, and to proceed with the in s hieh dirt et taxation Amulet be levied. (Hear, heel) quirt'. I think the right hon. gentleman has judges' most They ate of opinion that, if se continue in that Ino.l of wisely in taking that course • but I must express my regret m i n a - .1,1144301 e as is the industry, vast es is the capital of that he has postponed so lu ng the resolution for renewing than country, great tan are the advantages which it receives the income tax. As he km stated that inconvenience arose from the political institutions that have secured it order, last year from the late period at which the assemment wan wealth. sad liberty—it would be impuaeitile to maintain made, i should have recommended him to introduce the the retinue of this country in that manner which public resolution for renewing the tax at as early • period as roe coda and the wants at our national otahliehments re- sible. I trust the house will agree with ins that the quire. (Hear. hear ) Sir, we have a profound conviction greatest facilities should be given for pawing it int, a law upen tin , head. We deem it our duty to impress upon the with the least partible delay—as no ramps can be taken for folaillatt, And upon the country the danger of the course collecting the duties until the set is renewed. I gratefully oa a leee they have entered, to inipners upon them the ab- acknowledge the male and manner in which the right oeute nee. -...h'. now or in auother parliament, of hon. gentleman has spoken of last year's measures, the arriving at some definite understanding upon the kind manner ho which he hoe expressed himself towards ma prim mho on which the revenue of this country personally, and the testimony he ha, borne to the effect of our ought to be mused. (Cheers.) They deem it their duty to recent policy. I take that es a strong augury that no change di neunee, as meet perincious to all .line" of this country, will be attempted. (Cheers.) I entirely approve of the the oseueitie reduction of issdireet mention, while at the course proposal for the year. Su fur as depends upon me eni is'iime you levy your direst lanes from a very limited and those who have stied with me, every facility will be a :OS. 01. Sr.) Sir, we should not have shrunk from ss- given to the right hon. gentleman for carrying, with the al nelson: the leborious effort of ecipining the whole of our testa possible delay, his budget (or the year. (Ilea.) hem. i a astern. animated by them views, sad actuated by Mr. HUM E said that if the tax, confessedly unjust in its thew pi i'aipli e (flee, hear.) But I put it with mei- present operation, were to be retained, the proposition ought &me te the tin se, elicitor it hes been possible for us to to have included its re-adjustment. However, it was cre tin...ease a they which demands labour so patient, re- ditable to the Chancellor of the Exchequer that he had serval eo cePilate.e.k, and a time niueh more prolonged spoken the truth about the recent financial policy of the than I one sure hes yet been at our command. (Hear.) country, and referred to the persecution which had hunted The committee. lam sure, will recollect that it is—l believe Sir Itobert l'eel (to whose patriotism he subsequently bore toolay ail.. two mouth.' since her Ilajesty'e ministers a warm tribute) for introducing the system which Mr. aceedol, somewhat unexpeetedly, to office. at is indeed Disraeli, standing forward in his place, hail just declared only six weeks since that member of the government who is to have worked so well. lie said that further reductions pestilealy resainsible for the conduct of its finances, from ought to be made, instancing tea and soap es proper objects the maseeity of meeting his constituent ., could resume for remission . T he paper duty and the malt tax ought also his oat in this house. (Hear, hear.) And although to come otte Ile could consent to the income tax only as a the inanicence of that house, of which no person temporary expedient to enable other odious taxes to be re vived be more sensible than myself, has anointed me moved. in attempting to conduct the business of this house, still the Mr. NEM/DEC:UTE defended his own published views bunnies of the house and of that department have, I can of the depressed fortunes of the country. essure the committee, remitted it physically impossible for Mr. BARING s.id that he should support the govern re to embark at considerable length in the inquiry I have went, and insisted that it was the duty of a ministry never indicated. (Hear, bear.) Bet, although the proposal on to endanger the future (or the sake of a present popularity. the part of the government I am going to make is one of lie earnestly denied that while di ff ering with the late Sir a very uainteresting—to use a modern phrase, of a very pro- Robert Peel, he had for an instant doubted the purity of vieioneleltareeter—l hope the house will not suppose that that statesman's motives , . Ile thought that the Chancellor ae are shrinking from the fulfilment of our duty, or that, of the Exchequer was taking too bright a view of the cove. it it please the parliament of this country to give us that menial prosperity, and said that 1851 ought to be coma opportunity, sic shall then be coutent with again making dead a disastrous year, although the manufacturing into provisional proposition. upon this important subject to the rest might not have shared its detesters. Our financial blow of Commons. ether, hear.? Sir, under rheat . Cif- prosperity . must be attributed to the imposition of the in. fUnSSOUISC , . lam sure the house will anticipate that I shall come tax in 1842. He concluded with a glowing testimony feel it me duty. on the first opportunity, to recommend for of admiration of the genius of the Chancellor of the Ex teea adoption a contiauance of thine duties on property che_ quer. and income—(hear, hear) —for a limited period—(sheen, Mr. J. WILSON replied to the let speaker, contending and great laughter from the opposition) --- white that the case of the general prosperity of the country was have been the subject of our criticism here not affected by the exceptional instance brought forward by and in the committee that iv now sitting on thou: Mr. Baring. And he said that the results of the disastrous duties. Sir, it would have been more agreeable year in question were already is course of reparation. for me to have relieved the industry of the country—to Mr. 0 LADSIONE disputed the accuracy of Mr. Being's have forwarded that great cause of fair adjustment of taxa- representation that our prosperity arose from the income ties which I believe the majority of this house are inclined, tax, nearly four millions of its prattle* having been applied on both side., on right pnneiplee to make. (Hear, hear.) to make up deticieecies. We had taken off eleven millions That is not in my power. My duty has only been to lay of taxation, and this had been actually made up (within a before the Hosea of Commons the condition of the public trifle) by the increased demand. lie could not help sayiug finances —to offer that advice which her Majesty'. govern. that the course Mr. Disraeli hail that night taken entitled mut under the circumstances feel it their du. y to tender. him to public approbation, not only for the clear and able Awl now, air, in placing this resolution in your hand, 1 statement he had made, but for the wise course he had trust that the house will, on this and on a subsequent op- recommended. We were looking to a new parliament for a permeate, give me every hake to eery the laws which full and final settlement of the commercial policy of the will continue for the limited period of one year the property country, and when that settlement should have been made, and income tax. (Cheers.) it would be tme to deal with our finances. In the mean. The resolution having been put front the chair, time he trusted the house would rally round the Chancellor Sir C. Wool) immediately rose, and after the confusion of the Exchequer and protect hint against any untimely de resulting front members couvereine and leaving the house mends for reduction of taxation. had sutaided, spoke as follows , . —Sir, it has often, in the Mr. BAILLIE said that the increase in population had course of the last five years, been my duty to follow the caused much of the lammed consumption to which Mr. right hon. gentleman who has just sat down, when Gladstone had referred. I have differed from hire most materially upon mat- Mr. WAKLEY commented upon the lofty tribute which ten of tinauce and policy in general ; but upon Mr. Disraeli's speech that night bait offered to the wisdom the present occasion, I have the much more pleasing task of Sir Robert Peel. But he was by no means satisfied with of following him when I concur, not only in the course he the pokey which had been shadowed out. proposes, bat in must of the observations he has submitted Mr. W. WILLIAMS complained that no taxes were to in support of it. (Hear, hear.) I think it due to him, in be taken off, and recommended the Chancellor the Exch.• the first instance, to iosure hint that no apology was nears- quer to add to hie anticipated surplus by the aim of ceche. eery from him as to the meaner in which he made his quer-bills at a lower rate of interest. statement, end the mode in which Fe submitted his first Sir J. TYRELL was thoroughly satisfied with this bud buds, tto the house ; for I think he has succeeded in con- get as • provisional one, but denied that its support by his crying as clearly as possible, not only the financial state of party implied any conversion to the views of gentlemen the country, but the views which he, on the part of the opposite. government, was bound to express thereon. (Hear, hear.) Colonel SIBTHORP utterly denied the prosperity of the I beg to arsine him, having watched the course he ham country, and protested against the co'stinuation of the in teem on termer occasions with no slight interest when come tax. appeased to him, that it is with sincere pleasure I have Mr. REYNOLDS bad listened to Mr. Disraeli's free• heard his mast successful explanation of the first budget he trade speech with itainlamil pleasure; but he strongly ob has had to introduce. (Cheers.) I will, is the Ant place, jetted to the proposed expenditure for the KaMr war, and say that I cocoa to the views be hes amemesd as to the urged the claims tithe lAA distillers. difficulties experienced by any perms plead to the Mr. BRIGHT desselbal the Chancellor of the Ex. *able situstiou of Chancellor of the liiselltormr. I ha= chequer's speech as es admirable one, and was satisfied with femme five years the object of that illegasides le ml the course he had taken upon the income tax. Bat he plunder which the right hon. geatiemelhas tlei M; ami pointed out objections te the present admiaistration of the I am lay no means sorry to me the felt et zasedng them system and recemmemied that the Income Tax Commis attacks transferred Into gum hinds (Itese, tear .) Aad sinew should be dieted by the lottal tax-payer,. He de- I promise the right hes pallemea that I mai be se party deist that all me peat fiscal changes had arisen from the to any attempt that male made le pey ea mid }Wader eyed of the hopes Duties Committee of 1840. The remit him. (Cheers.) The *he lemeloshie dm politicos at adeedule Dhe complained of as knotted truly stated that it some MN easy to a tax apes the word gaciple, but he did not believe that the wheel was perfectly ble; but when he says MoneMlor of Exchequer's estimate of loss in that that we on this side of themease no geed TM= kr map* wan jugged, m the formers would not appeal often. the reference we have sham he Abed seer baked taa- Alter wilco Most a kers 5.m thea was contemplated sties, I dank that the 'videos he hes himelf WPM said he 51 th• *r Pverungsto he_ tamed that ands the meet complete justifications( the mane we hem he duty mil mant, maw 11110001=1 we MA" permed. (Cheers.) I certainly had awe dies to theism, ea The am is be spat ea die elteuld lave gone with use outmost. ate the MUM et the }alley is tikelleift the Pimp and sharthmineat dense.dense.efrrel:et m tea years. I disk it Peep to predase Nit JOHN PAKINOTON whited it borne in mind that =Cheers.) I appeal to the hew geode;; the goat threw to the cessomption of sugar was by no , who ha, spoken in the urea ad ma wed mien • wean be mixed oregretebties. It bed not smart (end most grateful do I feel te bin he die bergeoge Ws Itzdholvel mad kg ill ass of 18.1tobett partly aro" be has used) of the “111/911 1 pithead bet year. awl which bus tho hit lest bassist were bobs math &ti the late Revetment ithWesst Ho bee odhood the sent wad on the Haththest, da taw had thereby ample testimony to the mem of that i t , a z ise mpre.) = i to a peat ethos% inal asid di t gensequenee, had The rigla her. gentleness boo staid bet No way YU the saheb of oesseey. So that nine milliene of customs einke a ifilamatlnbelf sella si e l f ems eiliwiel poeisorse IMPS ant besedtbd, while the in cense duties, half • milli= of same} dedie r end these tenth of the itheirwwww wise preelliSi. Supporting his 100,0001. on the window aax, hem bees pipes ul se reamed. eageoesthe by Vaasa. be added Oat be was way to say I have summed up those "gem; end the thdoelbs of thee tithe grows wipe was esthemod to the mantry to an tuition is the last ten yeses apes the WINN DM, MOWS before IA& the mad ithbeethig *c anna, and taxes, amounts to me he a sum Has eausle wee Wag itagetved froth ewe own Nimbi& (Cheer.) Now, what is the ishoodes is the rodeo of Hr. LibE regretted bet Mr Ida those taxes ? 1 ,400.000!. (Hem. ham) The total name bed istiodesod. thellestally, a added begiwthert to of the country ie 1e42, excluding the knows= mad ither he eiparately eirdiored, and bed seed kropege, w extraordinary sources of renumme, wee 4$ minium; last matiag bus lath wed& bad to Pram Me . limes is the year it was 46,600,0001. The leen le the reveals Weds of tie abaft that they siesta have lipsitheth pro ws. less than 1,100,0001. Asa a mimed= of tam- Weds'. The low_gdee of emir was Wolfs pewees' west coo to the emend of 12,200,000 i. (Haar, hear.) is aimatati the 41111113 Of the davatreder, se it dialed him I epees' to the ho' —ws the coaatry—telhe c wt bigoted the teethe width was the diet therletbs. He warmly opponent of the policy that has bees peal, es se the ousgbeeelod Mr. Dimmed es his etbeee, sad added that result of that policy—the result athhe dm bess NMlemes the bbale et that night we the deathblow sad the knell of has put before us to-night. (HOW, beer.) I Inlet thebeded• that with this unsuspicious 'edema, fairly, beethily, est *Par wee thesethethe *we Aldine= Thaspeas and candidly given, the country will emu to • ONIIIIIIIOIIIIIII IS 119 RidM erg Wood what the proper has bees , and win to, this Mepact lL OZOSVlNnsgelasei that he bad mom lama a aail future finest" of this matey to poem 6161111 ism sWII 00110011 " the P iad i bs .1 dm ' le " (Ch, res.) I have always mil that I thirep Amp et a lon Mrs no 'pa t a th of die Obeaseder of the ire E st v. nozient nad many adimatagee. Meer, bear.) iam afro owl bt rellsollilsi Si thinkMatthe future glad to see hon. gentians ,ems to this table with the re- *sty the Mem he to itztobiar the best mode of aeonsihility of office upon them . (Hear, bear. There agpliptall thole Pfklarl• Rl° isradd j a r baa r antl Y intl. Lave been many attacks, many many meted his intention veseirteg Mum es o attoroey's which I have bad to answer, as to the mimed cry of die eartilleate duty._ true from every clue in the estuary. We are told to- Mr. HODGSON said that the Modem weavers of Car night, upon the authority of the right hon. gentleman, with lisle did's* at least participate in the pawal }asperity of the official means of informatics which he possesses, that, the ethatey, be they VIM receiving 'sly 4s. 11. to 6a. 6d. taking the country together, it is in a state of great and in- per week. He hoped P boa. gentleman would take creasing prosperity. (Cheers.) The incressing metes' is the their ems into Isisim= • best proof of the truth of that assertion. We wants. farther Mr. 'WART UM that the taunter of direct taxa evidence of the benefits resulting from what has been dose Iles WM at last to bo ki robed. The right in the last ten years ' than the statement which the right hes. psalms* bed see a free trader, but hon. gentleman luis made this evening. (Cheers.) fie be had stated haft These Mau Would go to the country, steed quite correctly what was done with regard to the and the wadi draw Anis ewe conclusions from window tax, and the reasons on which I recommended the them. (Ilea; ) change. I stated at the time that I was entirely in favour Mr. SANDARE said that he would set iggthe the of levying a tax upon houses, thinking that the mode of ineome tax for aseffiterr year, but he would tepee It se a levying it by the number of windows was objectionable ; permanent tax, ankse Its present injustice were news& but I never aalicipated that there would not be a loss front (Owen.) the alteration. The right hon. gentleman has borne meet Mr. C. VILLIERS thought that the importance et henourahle teetimony as to the assessment on incomes . that night's discussion was the opinions which bad Time after time we have been told in this house that the been elicited from different members with regent to the limr felling ;off in the income tax we a proof of decreaming dens of the people, and the prosperity of the eountry. He prosperity. (Hear, hear.) Whilst we were urging the remembered that he (Mr. Vallee) was laughed at, in 160, Prosperous state of the trading end atanufactariog climess,, when be stated the cause of the deficiency in the re it was moil that the decrease in Schedule D toe moose to be owing to the commercial policy, everything that was said, and established beyond the peed- which by keeping up high peaces in articles of con. bility of do u bt that our representation was a mere deludes ensaptloa prevented the people from buying them. He was —that mere trade might be carried on, but that it happy to hear the Chancellor of the Exchequer, when he was carried on at • loss. An honourable gentle- stated that the Gas policy was not to be considered without man, wham I do not now see in his place, has the other, and then directed attention to the change which eintilldsod - pomades year after year, to prove that followed on the adoptios of that of free trade. Ile hoped the trade of the country was carried on at a loss. But , the right hon. gentlemen had been rewarded for his manner the right hon. gentleman has dispelled that delusion. of treating the googlies by the general weed of spirted'. (Chen.) We knew that the meemment under Schedule Lion he had received. He believed, however, that govern la was no test whatever of the state of Lade for the ear- scent often suffered more from the strictures of their friends rest year, being founded on an average of three pan ; than their opponents. After a very glowing state and that the falling off was accounted for in great measure sent, in whiten he described the prosperity of the la the unfortunate circumstances of 1847 and 11445, to country, the Chancellor of the Exchequer concluded which the rigle lion. gentleman has alluded, and that it by suing that such was the state of things that • ea.l ean altogether vanish. I trust, with the means of he could do nothing. After that up rose the hon. gentleman intennetem now in the right hon. genstlestan's power, the member for Huntingdon, who he (Mr. Villiers) was that we Omit hear no more of this utterly exploded notion. glad did not occupy the place of the Chancellor of the Et (lieu, hear.) I will only refer to one other point in ton. chequer, and said that the last year was most disastrous. uezion with the window tax, in confirmation of the state- (Hear, hear.) The people were contented, the rates low, - , that the substitution and trade great—neverthele Se it was a disastrous year, be ll be to • great extent cause great profits had not been realised, and speculators diaries more than in had not succeeded. It was thus that some gentlemen es I directed • state- viewed the state of affairs ; they looked only to their own , the bout tax in interests, and identified them with three of tho nation, and of revenue given compared the state of the country only with the state of is sill meat I made at the time, namely, that r sod. Ma linise t.s. for a window tau would b Mhos I:( IA fi, ially felt in the agricultural did s~a!► the large towns. Before leaving ones wet to be prepared of the produce of gillis each county, and the amount 0 J. THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY E VENING,, their on pewits. He supposed mate mistake had beta made in the mercantile world, and therefore theear Uhl was diarirous. Then the hon. member for W _yest mesplained of the opinion expressed by the Chia 'Awe Kite Iseliequer with regard to direct taxation, and sitieeted to divest taxation altogether, and to the inmate tax Is particular. They were told that the country was •=owing to the partial substitution of the polity 1: r indirect taxation, end then came the wealthy lass, sad mid they objected to that polity. It was impor ters. to slow the elan from which the objection came when they beard that the inhabitants of Middlesex and other imp minatituencies were satisfied with that taxation, and in favour of it, and it was only from wealthy men that tire objection came. It was important to put that point famed, for it was evident the Chancellor of the Exchequer Was bakes for opinions by which to uide his future policy, arid it was desirable that he shoul d be encouraged sot to hesitate between the two courses of direct sad indi red taxation. He therefore pointed out to him the clue of pineal who objected to Mica taxation, and that those who were desirous of popularity must advocate tho extension of that policy. The hon. member for Stafford had Import that the receivers of rents, who were affected by direct taxation, would receive some consideration from the Chancellor' of the Exchequer. He (Mr. Villiers) had been accus tomed to hear that those who received rents did nut care about the policy . which they on that side of the house said would increase the revenue, and yet they were told that that very party had a particular right to complain of direct taxation. His (Mr. , irillicre') opinion WAS, that that was a class which could afford to suffer; though he believed the sum of 110,000!., which the Chan cellor of the Exchequer stated was lost to the revenue by the f ill in rents, was greater than the real amount. Ile believed that full rents were still to be obtained, and he did not know how the Cheneellor of the Exchequer camo to that conclusion. As income was now of greater value than it was, he theught that those who lived by rent could afford a diminieien of income. (Hear, hear.) It was singular, that the only persona who were said to sutler by the free trade commercial policy were those who lived by rents. lie did not wish to prolong the debate, and he only wished to show that the question vise that of direct as oppo•ed to indirect taxation. There was never a more important exhibition of the result of the ex periment of the policy of late years than had occurred that night. It was ricer that that policy had never impaired either the credit of the country or the revenue, and the result was that the more direct taxation was increased and industry relieved, the greater would be the amount ut revenue. Real property also woe never at such a value, and that was simply I'LCUISI: trade had increased and em ployment was abundent. Ile trusted that they would ito on and reduce indirect taxation, and profiting by the discussion of that evening, carry out the principles which they now approved. (Hear, hear.) Mr. FREWEN observed that in the district with he (Mr. Irewen) was conuecte , l there were thousand of acres of land which proprietors would not let on any terms. A statement made by the Chancellor of the Exchequer with regard to the amount of hop duty being 10,00 W. less in the last year than the preceding one wee nut correct, as it had, in feet, amouuted to something over 188,0001., or nearly 190,000/. Ile trusted the government would take that subject into their consideration. Mr. HUDSON thought direct taxation might be borne patiently in peaceable times, but it would be dangerous to depend on it for revenue in times of excitement. He was sure no gentleman would feel himself justified in taking the seine vine from his tenants now as he used to do. He was of opinion at the time the free trade policy was introduced, that it was rash and unwise, but still he would not now reverse it since it had been established. The Chancellor of the Exchequer bad not stated that the pros perity of the country came from free trade, but be stated facts, and it was uatural that gentlemen opposite should draw their inferences from them. Ile knew that the country had often been greatly prosperous without it. It was, however, a second question, and be hoped it hail now passed away. (Hear, hear) Ho (Mr. Hudson) was in favour of a mixed system of indirect and direct taxation. One interest which he represented, the shipping interest, was suffering greatly. lie believed that the government possessed the confidence of a great part of the country, which hoped they would have • fair trial, in order to set whether they would not endeavour to do justice to all interests. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUEIt—Sir, I am I awry to receive au intimation that the campaign against direct taxation is again to be commenced under the au plus of the noble lord (It. Grosvenor.) (Loud laughter.) 1 am really alarmed at the notice of the noble lord; wet because it may occasion say embarrassment to the government, but bemuse I am distressed that en attack aheield be made upon that legitimate source of revenue Which has been so liberally panegyrised by the noble lord this evening. (Loud laughter and cheers.) Mr. HUDSON begged to ask the noble lord whether the rush of the rejection of the extra two per cent. had not ailed tve millions to the permanent debt of the country I (111ena bawl Mr. MEETWORTH expressed the pleasure with which he had heard the debate of to-night. A change from in direct to direct taxation wee • change from • stunted to an wslinsited commerce. Direct taxation would also be a mamma of justice. Mr. C. BRUCE had attentively listened to hie right has. friend, but lie eerrainly could not discover that he bad expressed any decided preference fur direct taxation. Mr. MUNTZ said that during the 12 years he had been a member of the house, ho had never heard anythiug more able, more intelligible, or more lucid than the statement of like right bon. gentleman. Ile was afraid, however, that the country would be much disappointed that there was le be se alteration in the income tax. He believed it was sot yet too late to introduce sudden• std — stailleatioas and improvements into the tax, Wren Sit the alga year it was intended to be re-imposed ; bet the best plea would be to get rid of it altogether, and to substitute ignmerty tax. If that were done, allowing per sons to madlialMdstvita that their personalties were under a certain eery would be much less oppressive and would yield a harms manane. (Hear, hear.) Mr. ALCOCL IMP la favour of direct taxation, without any eximspases beveled such as would not repay the ex piate if ediestits. The swim was then agreed to, the house resumed, and the meet was ordered to be brought up on Monday. HIGHWAY RATES BILL. TMe bill went through committee. ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION BILL. This bill went through committee. SECRETARY OF BANKRUPTS' OFFICE ABOLITION. . . A resolution for granting compensation was agreed to in a committee of the whole house. FRIENDLY SOCIETIES. Mr. SOTHERON nominated the following hon. gentle- OM as members of the select committee on friendly socie ties :—Mr. Sotberon, Mr. Adderley, Mr. Bonham Carter, Lord Robert Grosvenor, Lord Dudley Stuart, Sir Charles Wood, Mr. Cornewall Lewis, Mr. Deedea, Mr. George Alezander Hamilton, Mr. Cowan, Mr. Serjeant Murphy, Captain Jones, Mr. 'Gridley, Mr. John Abel Smith, and Sir Henry Davie—five to be a quorum. The house then rose at half-put 12 o'clock. r, : ;852. Bite Orlife#o. .oenwl Was al" 7 V Uposs," flw mow man", novae lograblbeed omit Twiny add friday POOR Iles tx pal. • " for " UMW, " Lowfoo Evening ppm on, 0. maw W, Bouppriodavoi, by Two o'clock on the day of p MOH WATIO: 4T LONDON BRIDGE, Tins DAT —llleralag, II h Sts Aftenoes. IM. O. To•iioaaow—Maratag, 11h. Afiersows. 121. Ms. LONDON, SATURDAY, MAY 1. THE Oxford University Commission has terminated its labours, and forwarded a report to her MAITATT. Of the contents of the report nothing is as re distinctly known, but of the value of the matertals upon which the report is founded, rumour speaks highly. Light has been thrown into all the dark hi kr and corners of the university system, and the public will he now, for the first time, in a position to judge how far that system is doing the work which might naturally be expected from it. Now, what have we a right to expect from a na tional university P It is surely not asking too much that it should afford every facility to the youth of the country, of receiving education in those higher branches of study which the ordinary schools cannot undertake to teach. This is what nearly every other university in Europe accomplishes. There are some few indeed, as the University of London, which do 110 t lISSIIRe the functions of teachers, but limit themselves to examining pupils who have received their educa tion elsewhere, and granting degrees. But to all the ficeilom of access is practically unlimited. There are no intermediate bodies between the student and the university, barring his approach, determining how many pupils shall receive the benefit of in struction, and excluding all those who do not choose to submit to arbitrary rules with which the univer sity has nothing to do. This, however, is the case with Oxford and Cam bridge. The colleges have takcu possession of the university. They tell all who wish to become mem bers of the university. Not only shall you ask our permission to do this, but you shall only obtain it on condition of taking your board lodging, and tuition, from us, of paying for there whatever we choose to demand, and of unconditional submission to our ordi nances during a space of nearly four years. There is no access to the university but through us. We are the university. Now, there is not the shadow of a pretext for asserting that the founders of colleges intended or supposed that their foundations would ever take a position of this kind. They were neither more nor less than endowed lodging-houses, where a cer tain number of deserving students were placed by charitable persons, and released from pecuniary troublcs,in order that they might apply themselves the more undisturbedly to the pursuit of knowledge. The statutes of most of the colleges exist only in manuscript and are only accessible to a few privi leged persons, but it is well known that they all hear out the view which we have given. Sonic few, however, have been printed by zealous antiquaries, and amongst the number are those of Oriel College, Oxford. A brief sketch of these will give the reader an idea of the wonderful change which five centuries have produced in these once humble institutions. The statutes commence by decreeing that the col lege being founded in honour of the blessed Virgin Mary shall bear her name for ever. They then de clare that the funds of the endowment are for the maintenance of ten scholars in theology, who have shown themselves to be clever and fond of the study. Three of the students may, however, upon permission of the majority, direct their attention to the canon law. Out of this number of scholars one is to bo chosen as provost or master, to whom the rest are to pay all due obedience. The master has permission to choose a dean, whose authority is defined. The master and scholars are to receive each weekly a sum of twelve pence from the revenues of the founda tion. This sum, however, is forfeited by absence from the college unless the absentee is employed in the business of the society. The said master and scholars are then charged to live together and to have .t common table for their meals. During meal times they are moreover recommended to employ some one to read to them passages from the Bible, to which they are enjoined to listen attentively, abstaining from excess. They are to dress as much as possible alike. When in their rooms they are desired to betake them selves diligently to study. If they are visited by friends, they are to converse in Latin, or at least in French, taking care not to disturb their neighbours. Oa occasion of a vacancy in the number of scholars, the master and scholars are to proceed to elect a new member. No one, however, is to be eligible unless, to the best of the electors' knowledge, ho is honest, chaste, peaceful, humble, indigent, apt to study, and desirous to make progress. Should any one of the scholars enter into any religious order, or be inducted to any benefice, or come into the possession of property, or be negligent in study, or be guilty of any grave offence, ho may be expelled. These, with afew regulations for the transaction of business, directions for saying manes for the souls of the founders, &c., constitute the substance of the statutes of Oriel. ROMAN STATES . Our Roman correspondent, writing on the 24th April, states that the departure of the French am bassador was attributed to his unwillingness to meet the Russian princes, although he himself adduced private business as his object. The Pope's prepara tions to fate their imperial highnesses were much commented on. On April 18 his Holiness sent for Mr. Charles Manning, and complimented him on his conversion. Mr. Murray's case was likely to at tract the notice of the British government. Our cmicapanadent says: "Roman Consols have gone up to' 41, which may be partly attributed to the demand for them at Pans many individuals who withdrew their money from tho French funds on the reduction of the interest, having re-invested in the Roman Five per Cents." PIEDMONT. We find in the Piansoidese Gazelle of the 27th an official account of the explosion of the powder manu factory at Turin, which we mentioned yesterday. It took place at three-quarters past 11 a.m., at the moment when the workmen were going away. The explosion was caused by the spontaneous com bustion of a mixture intended for mining powder, contained in an open vat. This was observed by two men who were on duty at the machines, and they saw the fire communicate itself to two graining cylinders, which contained together 3,000 kilo grammes, thence to a mixture of 2,000 kilogrammes ready for graining, and, lastly, to 3,000 kilogrammes spread out to dry in the open air. The explosion of this mass set fire to a small magazine containing fine, gunpowder, and to another containing 10,000 kilo =rnaiof =bias powder. Meanwhile a ser- llbsed lissubt, seeing that the large magazine, oontaiii *Pa kilogrammes of gunpowder, was in isminset asear, boldly sprang forward, and snatched an ignited blanket away, which would un doubtedly have caused the magazine, to explode, had it been left there a few seconds loner. By this time succour arrived, and the fire engines began tol I play. The Duke of Genoa arrived on the spot, and gave the necessary orders to Major Dells Rovers, of the royal artillery, who accordingly eiransed the direction of the necessary operations. The King sad the Prince de Carignan also arrived shortly after, animating the men by their presence. The number of persons killed was 14, and 21 worn wounded. They were crossing the canal at the time to go to their meals, when they were overwhelmed by the frag ments which fell in all directions. It is a curious circumstance that, at the time of the explosion, the director of the manufactory, Count San Robert, was 1 travelling by order of the government to select a proper site at a distance from the capital to which the manufactory might be removed. Among the persons who distinguished themselves by their zeal on the occasion were the Minister of the Interior, the President of the Council, and the Syndic of Turin. The national guard was also on the spot, and assisted in maintaining order. The reader will observe that in the whole of these regulations the university is not mentioned. They are for the benefit of students taking advantage et the facilities of education afforded by the univasik The muter and students are vowed to a holy ma laborious life ; and the piety of the founder releases them from pecuniary embarrassment as long as they are willing to perform their vow. A neglect, eves the duty of study, brings with it a loss of pod- I don. Contrast this with the account of Oriel College in the Oxford Calendar. The ten scholars are now metamorphosed into ten fellows receiving handsome 'memos from the rents of the estates ; they form a portion of the governing body of the university, and use absolved from all necessity to study. The head of the college is eligible to the dignity of Vice-Chan seller, the ten fellows, with the fellows of the other colleges, form the class from which all the officers of the university are selected. The humble college with its studious scholars has grown up to a row oiticent institution, which, in conjunction with the other oollcges, has closed the gates of the university sesiost all those who do not enter through the svmses which they choose to open. All these in stitutions now make a profit of those who come up to the university. They determine who shall take der:or who shall not. , it is not our object at present to enter into the discussion of the merits of the college system. Our object is simply to show that this system is an usur pation, and the case we have cited is surely enough for this purpose. It is for the defenders of the system to show what the nation has gained by the usurpation. It is for them to tell us what are the advantages which can be pleaded against such evils as the great diminution in the number of students, the utter want of sympathy between the university within and the world without—the diversion of the college funds from the purposes to which they were intended to be applied—and the enormous increase in the ex pense of education. These are evils of which the defenders of the colleges themselves do not deny the existence. Let them show me so equivalent for our losses. GERMANY. A letter from Berlin, in the Emancipation of Brussels, states that the Prussian cabinet has re solved not on any condition to negotiate with Austria on commercial qusetions before the formal reconstitu tion of the Zollvcrein. _ _ 'f he second sitting of the Congress of the Zollverein took place at Berlin on tho 27th. It was attended by the delegates of all the states, with the exception of that of Baden, who had not arrived. The Berlin journals announce that the raising of the state of siege in Hesse Cassel has been again ad journed, owing, they say, to the insufficiency of the existing laws against the press. SAVINGS BANKS AND FRIENDLY SOCIETIES.— Yesterday, a parliamentary paper was printed showing that from the oth August, 1817, to the 20th November, 1&51, the gross amount of all sums received and credited, including interest by the National Debt Commasionen on account of Oaring. Hanks and Friendly 84pcieties,waa 61,080,1011. Is. 2d. NATIONAL DEBT NOT PAYING INCOME TAX.— lichterday, a return to parliament was printed, from which ' It appears that the amount of capital of the national debt which did not pay income tax for tho year 1850 wee 74,216,0961. 19s. 241. The terminable annuities were 164,4671. Is. Ild. per annum. LP 0 - Ir - G 0136 . HO THE KAFFIR WAR. By the ship Agincourt have been received dates from the Ca to the 10th of March, three days later than those giv en in yesterday's paper. The Legisla tive Counci l had voted OWL towards the retie( of the sufferers from the loos of the Birkenhead. By the last frontier post there was nothing new. The troops were preparing for the campaign of the Bth March. The Styx, which arrived in Table Bay on Satur day, the Bth, had brought down Mr. Cock and Sir Andric' Botha. Major Holm and Captain Smith, aide-de-camp to Sir Harry Smith, had also conic by her, for the pur pose, it was said, of receiving Cienend Cathcart, the new Governor. . The following government notice had been pub lished : King William's-town ' Feb. 27, 1ti.52. Reports have been received from Mr. Cole, Civil Com missioner of Albert, dated the 17th inst. They state that the Burgher force under his direction had swept the whole l ot Tyopo's and Madoor's country, the Indwee River and its kloofs, the neighbourhood of the Belot', the whole of the Zuurberg Range, and both hanks of the '1"Somo. Twenty iie • Kollin and eleven llottehtots had been slain • ' among the latter the notorious Dirk Raid ; and 1,000 heed of cattle, 300 gouts, 40 horses, and 12 stand of arms had been taken. _ _ _ . . Reports from Lieutenant-Colonel Michel extend up to the 22nd instant. On the 20th, notwithstanding the incesennt rain, his troops were vigorously employed in devastating the Cr.; s iu and adjacent to the Well's lien, the prom rty of Sandilll On the 21st he burned from AO to 100 Hottentot huts, and some regularly-built houses of wattle and daub, in sod shove the Amatola Basin. lie then =mil back by the very difficult ground of the Wolf River to his camp in the valley of the Lenya, destroying many crops on the march. Colonel Michel reports that nothing could be more complete than the de , truction of the Hottentot strong holds, or of the crops in the Den." Lieutenant-Colonel livre's reports reach to the 23rd inst. Eagle on the morning of the 21st he moved in two divisions on the Guln mountains—the range which sepamtes the Wolf Valley from the tributaries of the Oulu River—and completely surprised the enemy. capturing 54 heal of cattle on the summit of the heights, and burning larir numbers of huts in the very heart of the dense hush. The enemy, Kaffir* and Hottentots, fled everywhere as the troops advanced. Immense quantities of cultivation xt the sources of the Upper Keiskamma ' &c., were de stroyed on the 21st and two following days. Rocke ts hail been used with great tffect, spreatlng terror among the enemy. From the heights of the Gide, Colonel Eyre hod observed Colonel Michel operating in the Wolf Valley below. The co-operation of these two officers, therefore, has been perfect and most successful. . . . .... Reports to the 22nd inst. have been receive 1 from Major Kyle, up to which date the quantity of corn destroyed by his column was computNl at about 10,000 mui s. Ile had met with no opposition. Major-General Somerset reports that he has destroyed tho whole of the crops of the treacherous Sega, tho mur derer of the military villagers, and those of others, in the valley of the Chumic, as wtll as very many on that side of the Amanita. Major-General finnerset has moved to the old Konap Post, preparatory to the grand movement of expulsio.i from the Waterkloof to the Kci. The troops of the second di vision, having completed their labour of devastation, are all 1 ordered to head-quarters to re-equip for the field. Mr. Robert Ainslie reports the spirited repulse of an attack made by some marauders on his farm, Spring Grove, on the morning of the 19th inst. A number of cattle, 'heel), and goats wore, in the first instance, driven off ; the greater part, however, of the former, and the whole of the latter, were re-captured, and in the skirmish which took place be tween the small party of 13 Burghers and the enemy, 11 of the latter were slain, and 20 homes and several guns and assegais taken. Mr. Ainslie states, that the enemy 's did not tight with that spirit of determination which has been hitherto shown by them, but seemed more intent on getting off with their booty." Very little ammunition was found in the pouches of the slain. Tho following is extracted from a letter dated King William's Town, the 29th : During the past two days the troops have been pouring in from the field to refit and lay in stores for another cotn paign. We have now the whole of the second division here, comp:icing five line and two cavalry regiments, besides the levies and irregular horse. During their late operations they have destroyed the greater part of the Kaffir corps, stormed an old-established Hottentot camp, and fought the Kafka whenever they would fight, and wherever they were to be found; but while the three divisions under command of Cols. Michel and Ecru and Major Kyle have been doing good ser vice, and working hard, that under General Somerset has been comparatively idle. It is a fact that since the crops were begun to be destroyed, his whole force have not cut down as much as one of the other columns cut in three days. People know the detaili of Ka ffi r warfare too well to believe that any good will result from seines expenditure of ammunition in an unoccupied bush; the trees are a very safe enemy to fight against, but as they do not steal the colonist,,' cattle they may as well be let alone. If noise is the object, that, can also ho dispensed with, as we have enough of that from head-quarters downwards. The substance of the news from Keffirland is that the majority - of the people are determined not to leave the coun try, so are the minor chiefs headed by Macomo ; but San dill and his counsellers arc for leaving the country. and crossing the KLi. It is said that Macomo expresses great pleasure at the prospect of again measuring his prowess with the troop. at the Waterkloof,—but he will find • mighty difference in the e.tergy of the commanders ; warfare a la Smith and a la Somerset are two very different games. The Hottentots are now greatly broken up in the Amatola since the breaking up of the camp on the precipices overhanging the Amatola river, by Colonel Michel, during the past week. It was effected most judi ciously, and with the trifling loss of one man killed and two wounded ; their cattle all escaped through the Amatola basin , for the want of co-operation. This camp 'has been in existence since the commencement of the war, and where the King Wil liam's Town rebels and deserters fled to. At its destruction it numbered somewhere about 80 huts, some having glazed sashes. The Hottentots belonging to it have mostly joined Macomo. Head-quarters are supposed to bo re . moved from this about the 4th inst., and then—Smith r versus ]lacono. FRANCE. rims, FRIDAY EVENING, General Canrobert, the commissioner of pardons despatched to the departments of the Centre, has sent in a second report, which appears in the Condi tutionnel. One feature in this document deserves your especial attention, us openly- avowing the detest able principle of favouring the classes on which the government relies for the maintenance of its power, at the expense of those whose intelligence and need of independence make them stand aloof. This impar tial distributor of mercy says that " the amnestied belong to that interesting class of labourers and arti sans, that rude and laborious class which peoples the ' army. He could have wished to pardon also a great number of persons occupying a compara tively elevated position in society by their instruction, their fortune, and their profeysion. But among such are found the heads of secret societies, and they are considered by the authorities and the population highly dangerous for the public tranquillity." I cannot more forcibly paint to you all that there is of barbarous and odious in the system of the govern ment than by citing this disgraceful boast of the commissioner of mercy. General Canimbert's report is as follows: Monseigneur,—lnvested with taw full powers with which which your confidence had honoured me, I have just gone through the departments of the centre of France, to carry to the political prisoners the effects of your clemency. All my efforts have been used to extend it as much ss equity, prudence, end the security of the country would allow me. Penetrated with your sentiments, Monseigneur, and with the serious re-ponaibility which weighed on me, I visited in succession the principal localities which had been most dis turbed by turbulent ideas and insurrectional acts. I there carefully examined the documents connected with the charges against each prisoner ; I inquired into his former conduct, his position, and the degree of influence ho pos sessed, and then announcing lond.y my desire to make your pardon as extensive as possible, 1 consulted the ecclesiastical, military, and judicial authorities on each of their eases, and then made known that the object of my mission was to light. n, but never to increase, punishments. This plan of proceeding gave me the greatest chance of avoiding error. It required more than a month's continual peregrinations and incessant labours, and the result has been to diminish the punishment, or give full pardon,, to 727 prisoners out of 4,076, who had been condemned. Cer tainly all those who have been released ere far from hying innocent ; and, in order to show clemency to so many without discouraging the authorities and alarming the inhabitants, I was often obliged to insist on the strength of your govern ment, which, being able to protect all interests, was ali!e to relax the rigours which, a short time since, were indispens able, but which are now less mar and on the little danger which there was in setting at liberty some of the simple instruments of insurrection, and on your wish to exercise clemency. The majority of those who are set at liberty have fami lies: they belong to that claw of labouring men and arti sans who are so readily led astray, but are equally suscep tible of goad impressions ; to that laborious class which sup ply our regiments, and must naturally meet with support, Monseigneur, teem a soldier raised to the honour of being your aide-de-camp. I could have wished to h'iv been able to have released a greater number of primes occupying a higher rank in society from their education, their fortune, and their .iro fession. But amongst this class were the chiefs of secret societies, the promoters of rebellion, and the instigators of disturbance, and they were considered by the inhabitant. and the authorities as dangerous for public tranquillity, and the more guilty from their knout( d go of the mischief which their petty ambition made them commit. Wltls segud—to. She greater nrunber. of than, I w as obliged to respect the decisions of the mixed eommisaio: to the integrity, firmness, and intelligent devotedness of which I must hero render full justice. If some exeepti its have been made, they have been called for by a will to assist honourable families whom the fault of one of ti. Ic members had reduced to despair or misery. I h• ee perhaps been imprudent in extending your clemency to certain prisoners in this category; I ought, perhaps, to have forgotten the recommendations of your inexhausti is kindness, and only to hove looked at the sorrowful eft -et produced on the manes be seeing pardon accorded to he heads while them they had armed still remain captiie. lAs have already had the honour of informing you in my previous letters, I was struck at the invasion of the - tzlical spirit in the centre of France ; saciailitat i. prized to me to have established its principal fortresses is the Nierre, the Cher, the Indre, the Allier, the Crewe, and some parts of Auvergne and the Limousin. The exp . *. nation of this may doubtless ba found, at least with rertd to the three first named of these departments, in the soar venient but certainly dangerous practice which many biro landed proprietors have, of not occupying themselves w tk their large estates, at a distance from which they reside, nd who let them out on lease to speculators, who frcquer. ly know nothing of cultivation, but are alwuys greedy of gain, and have no other object than that of getting as ma it out of the had as possible, without caring how much tl .y may imposeridi it, and grinding down the country Feed's whin have ita pro!erty of their own, and are oblige.' to comply with ell th. it demands. We may oleo perhaps a. ek fur the cause in the topography of the country ; in the . tie• memos agglomerations of the workmets in their frequ nt emigration towards the capital or the centres of great wen ks, from whence they rctwn home corrupted. Allow me, monseigneur, to conclud, this letter, which is already long, by an olcitrvation which is furnished me by what I have seen during the Let month. In the dere 't ownie where the peaceable inhabitants have not for tt ir immediate ction a compact army of nearly lOW 00 men, they fear the dangers of socialitm, because they p -r -etire in it the knife and the torch incessantly vaspenced over their heads; they know that circumstances wh eh have taken place in France fur many long years have drit en our country to that hard alterria!ive—to be or not to be. They thus air rup to God fervent prayers that he will I,e -serve your days, and maintain to your government that protective furor which is the salvation of the country. For ley own part, Monseigneur, I shall he huppy a id amply recompetraal for the trouhli inherent to my delitate 1111.4011. if I have been able, in nispensing at, my road too acts of r or el. inei.ey a... 1 of your rotes mai generosity, to increase the motives which th.• hietals 01 order have lar blessing yi ur iiiimortol n-one. I am, Monseigneur, with profound respect, your v. ry humble arid very devoted servant, CANROHEIII. It is important to note that the Orleanist party is of consich rabic strength iu the Council of .Statc. This leaning towards the interests of a family un , hie which tic wester of the present councillors h. :d important functions has already made itself ma•ii fest in the views expressed by many of them on t to question of competence referred to the section - hi contenticur, and will perhaps give to the decision the latter tribunal a turn which was hardly I It pteted. lii fact I understand that an attempt has been made to compronii-e the matter in this way : It is held that the question is either administrative, judicial, or political. In the first case only can it se referred for deeisi.m to the Council of State. If the question be judicial, the ordinary ti bunals must pronounce; if political, it fls equally beyond the sphere of the Council of State. Thus it seems by no means improbable ;• at the tribunal before which the cause has been car:. d will pronounce its own incompetence to decide ,t. In the mcuntime, M. Abbattucci, the keeper of • to seals, has caused the affair to be placed on the 03 Wr of the day in the Council of State. The belmswar of this bc;dy is described as being reserved tows: Is the government, and nut altogether devoid of an . 01- dependent tone. The nucleus of an opposition is forming there, and begins to be felt. The haiall has given deep offence to the goes la ment to-day by citing the names of the councils rtl of state to whom the decision of judicial competeece in the Orleans question is referred. This twoceeti .kg on the part of the Orleans journal, which OW3II meant as an emphatic appeal in face of the public to the responsibility of the arbiters between the exe a five and judicial powers, is interpreted as a meninx and attempt to intimidate. The Public has received orders to answer the offensive article, and to retaliete by publishing the names of the judges who assert, 3d their independence and competence in the decision of the 23rd. The jurisdiction of the Council of Si to is bused upon the organic decree of the Piesid. it, in which the functions of that body are defined. Sy Art. 17, the Rectum do cotatentieur is to preps', a report upon all litigated matters, as well as upon rIl conflicts that. may arise respecting the attributlon. of the administrative and the judicial authorities. 'l6is section is composed of six councillors, including the president of the section, and of a certain numbit of masters of requests, who have a consultative voice in all matters, and a right to vote when they arc pointed reporters. The President of the Repul tie appoints three masters ci! requests to act as aro vernment counsel before this section. When the report is made, the subject is coesi dered in a public sitting of' the Council of 81 ate, deliberating an confrnlieur. This assembly is cuss posed, Ist, of the members of the section before nr. ra tioned ; and,2ndly, of 10 councillors of state, appointed by the President of the Republic, and taken in esp,al numbers from each of the other sections; and half of these are replaced by other councillors every two years. The president of the contentious section 1,,c -sides at the general meeting. After the presen.a tion of the report, the parties interested are heard 'ty their counsel ; the government counsel are also he d, and then the Assembly discusses the matter v. ill closed doors, and gives out a written judgment. to councillors of state now composing the content. us section arc: MM. Mul:ard, president ; Quentin 1; a ched, Boudet, Boulatignier, Cornudet, id Marchand. The 10 councillors who have li appointed to complete the Assembly delibera • ig au contentieux, are MM. 'envier (since deceased) id Suiu, from the section of legislation; Joseph Btki. ty and Ch. Giraud from the section of the inter:.' ; Vuillefroy and \Valise from the section of put Jo works; Allard and Villemsin from the section of war, and Charlemagne and Vuitry from the swan of finance. These are the removeablc and depend. nt judges who are to sit as a court of appeal from the judgment of irremovable magistrates. 'fhe coun cillors of state all receive large salaries, and may be dismissed by the President of the Republic at ;my moment. _ . I Invite your intention to the following menacing paragraph of the Petrie, directed against the corres pondents of foreign papers—English papers I shi , ,ld rather say—as these Are the only ones which der! to publish anything in opposition to French governmi itt: "The Minister of General Police has determine I to prosecute before the tribunals, in virtue of article 15 of the law of the press, the correspondents of French or foreign journals guilty of publishing false news. Article 15 enacts that the propagators of false news shall be condemned to 12 months' imprisonment and I,ooofr. fine." A correspondence, inspired by the governim nt, states that, according to all probability, the Fri ~ch troops will cease crc long to occupy Italy. All the members of the tribunal of common.. at Thiers (Puy de Wine) have refused to take the t. h, and consequently are deemed to have resigned. M. Lebeau, a member of the council-general of the Pas de Calais has also refused the oath. Incendiary fires appear to be upon the increase in the departments, especially in the Loirct and I taut Rhin. In many recent instances large tracts of N , oud have been consumed, and villages have been half destroyed. About 250 political prisoners under sentence of transportation were embarked on the Regain, at Cette, on the 25th, and on the next day 100 more left by the Felaireur. Sixty-eight thousand out of the 80,000 bonds of the Lyons Railway have been subscribed for, and the company has, it is said, decides! on not negotiating the remaining 12,000, except at the rate of 1,123 francs. The whale of the bonds of the Nortlisin Railway have been taken. 'these two gnat companies certainly ought to congra tulate themselves on the success of their operation, and it will probably facilitate the placing of the bonds of the other eumpat ies. The sums recently demanded from the money market are estimated at 660 millions, the calls for which are divided over a term of two years. The sums already paid, or to bo paid in the present year, amount to about 253 mil lions. At the Roam, the Five per Cents. closed without change, at 100.35 ; the Three per Cents. fell 25c., and closed at 70.60. Railways were firmer. Rouen rose 10. Orleans, 7.50. Central, 5; and Testo and llor &aux, 12.50. But Strasbourg fell 5; and Dieppe, 2.30. Northern, Havre, and Lyons are without change. INSPECTING FIELD-OFFICER AT LIVERPOOL.— We believe that Colonel Dorinzey, K.H., of the 86th Re giment, is to encomia to the vacant Inspecting Fiehl-06iotr ship at Liverpool. 4 i I H R rr o lllellnlillg + ito rtain immix of ultative voice in en they are p- If the Repo ac 1 i to act as .m- action. 'WI.. a • oject is co. si- i . :innicil of Si :e, i t : 1 wsembly is c , a- lion before 31 o- range, appoin .11 d taken in CI: al . one; and halt of lions every two ions Faction ;•.c- -ter the presci,•a- ted are heard . iy el arc also he d, the matter i..th [ judgment. "I he the content. us t ; Quentin 1; a- Cornudet, : id who have In en bly deliberat i :Ng ice deceased) ..ad ; Joseph Bou!ly of the interior; action of pui lie . n the section of front the sect on le and &pent.. nt appeal from :ho tee. The ei.,tn- I ries, and ma; be Republic at . oy lowing menacing I ;ainst the cm . es- I h papers I sh..lcl i nee which dat. to !! ench governm at: has determined to rtuc of article 15 indents of French ehing false news. tors of false news mprisonment and the government, tiiity, the French r Italy. il of commerce at 1 to take the e Ai. re resigned. M. teneral of the l'as on the increase in Loirct and Ilant ego tracts of v nod / Fl have been half under sentence of ill n the Itequin, at xt day ltio more the SONO bonds m subscribed for, , decided on not it, except at the L' of the bonds of en taken. These ought to emigre- -4' their operation, r be placing of the he sums recently I I arc estimated at I re divided over a ✓ady paid, or to bo to about 253 mil- il l . ,as. clmed without Cents. frit 2:,e., and irmer. [town rose and Teste and Mir- -11 5; anti Dieppe, „yons ate without AT Llvinternit..— ..H., of the Stith Re- specting Ficl.l•Oiticer- . , A -. I • I