The Express. — London, England, 1847-11-17 00:00:00

wieldy and working numbers instead of unwieldy and non-working numbers, uniform in plans instead of discordant, alike in powers instead of different, it would still be impossible that the sewerage of the metropolis should be efficient without the addition of a central element to the present federal associations. The seven must be combined into one, which may superintend the operations of each commission with reference to the convenience and necessities of all, and exercise a vigilant control over every branch of the administration of every separate board. The report of the committee appointed by the Marylebone vestry to inquire into the sanitary state of that district strikingly illustrates the defects of our sewerage system. No fewer than 280 streets And ways in the parch are found to be without proper sewerage, while that of a gnat portion of the remainder is defective and incom plete. The formation of cesspools, we further learn from the report, has been for a long series of years. absolutely forced on the public by the absurd practice on the part of the sewer commissioners of preventing any drain from a privy being laid into a sewer. The commission, under which this sapient prohibi tion was long enforced, is that of Westminster. Its powers extend over 20 parishes, including 60,000 assessable premises. Its members are 220 in number, of whom 130 have taken the oath of office, and from 10 to 30 attend ordinary courts. This commission, under its own construction of the law, has no power to build new sewers. They may, it is true, carry old ones on. But, if any un lucky street is planned out of the line of the existing sewers, unsewered it must remain, within the limits of the Westminster Commission. Yet the Tower Hamlets Commission, with the same act, contrive to build new sewers. They do so by a fiction under which their Westminster brethren are too high minded to take shelter. The Westminster sewers are built without any apparatus or facilities for flushing. A large average of them, therefore, require cleansing by band, at once a filthy and expensive operatiox. The commissioners complain that they have no power to compel drainage into their sewers. They should not forget that it is not oolong since they forbade it. Even now, permission to drain into a sewer is made a matter of privilege, only to be enjoyed on the owner or occupier paying a certain sum towards the ex penses of the sewer, for frontage, as it is called. The bigoted adherence of the Westminster Commission to the old upright-sided form of sewer has involved the rate-payers in an increased expense of not less than 66,669/. for the last tea years, taking the com missioners' own estimate of the length of sewerage constructed during that time. Nor should we be justified, in this sketch of the Westminster Commis sion, in omitting that memorable example of their management, the case of the King's College Scholars' Pond sewer, as given by Mr. LEALIE himself, one of the commission:— It appears that the then existing line of sewers for this district was in 1807 minutely surveyed by John Ronnie, E q , civil engineer, who reported that it was not only laid down in so irregular a direction, but 90 imperfectly executed, in such bad repair, and had so bad an Initial' into the Thames, that it would only be wasting money to attempt to render it perfect; and Mr. Rennie lays down a plan by which this witness thinks the drair.age of this important district would base been complete. But instead of adopting Mr. Rennie's plan, the commissioners set to work to repair the old sower which Mr. Rennie had condemned, though the report of their own surveyor contains the following re markable words:—" Beggii.g it may be understood that I I am moot perfectly convicted of the superior advantage of Mr. Rennie's plan, I now proceed, in obedience to the &Tee. ' tinns I have received, to consider what alterations will be re quired in the existing sewer." Notwithstanding the cow demnation of this sewer by both their professional advisers, and after this official condemnation of it, the commissioners have actually expended upon it nearly two hundred thousand pounds ! Thus the entire length of the sewer being 16,522 feet, they have spent upon a small portion of it, namely, upon 5.233 feet, the sum of 70,104 f. 17a. 6d.; and of the portion noun which this amount of money hasbeen expended it is stated that it is at the present moment an open unco vered sewer (with the exception of 1,009 feet recently covered in by Mr. Cubitt at his own expense), " with en outlet so bad, that the water is penned back during a contiderable period (six hours) of each tide ; a most disgraceful nuisance in a great metropolis." On the remaining part of this con demned line the commissioners have spent the further sum • • of 100,0001, and upwards ; and with this result, that the very evils of this sewer which existed prior to the expenditure upon it of a si,gle shilling of this money, stiU exist in their full force. --- The same commissioner gives other equally instruc tive examples of the proceedings of the body to which he belongs: The oommissioners purchase for their office a house, the property of a deceased commissioner, allowing individuals of their body, having . a personal or family interest in the sale, to manage Me affair. They pay for this house, 6,0001. pur chase-moner ; and they spend upon it in repairs the further sum of 4,9031. 3s. Id., though from the reports of the two surveyor* appointed to value the premises it appears that their sworn valuation, 4,5001., amounted to very little more than the sum expended on repairs and alterations alone. " The house," says Mr. Leslie " was purchased of the family of a deceased commissioner for 5,000!., it cast to repair and fit it for the purpose of the commission, including 1481. 12s. 6d. interest on the tradesmen's accounts, and also including 2191. Is. lOd. law charges, 4.9031. 31. Id. ; making the total charge to the public for that office within a fraction of 10,000/. The tradesmen who were employed, and received an amount of nearly one-half of the sum expended in re pairs and alterations, appear to have been upon the juries at that period." Further, these commissioners have recently executed on the Ranelagh line, near the Bayswater-road, what they call a diversion of the sewer, 1,167 ft. 9 in. in length, at an:expense of 3,4711. 10s. Old., a work which in a short time after its completion is discovered to be in 110 ruinous a state as to require an almost entire re-construction. Still more rec•ntly another failure of a sewer in the same district kis been announced, built by the same contractor, and under the same clerk of the works ; this new sewer requiring to be reconstructed for the length of 240 feet, at an estimated expense of 3601. It appears, moreover, that some of the commissioners, being contractors for the works, have suc ceeded in introducing a sliding scale, which continues to the present time, by means of which the lower the price pat in the contract as the foundation of the prices therein stated, the larger will be the amount paid to such contractor—a plan which seems to have originated with a commissioner contractor, and to have been approved by an architect or surveyor-chairman. And with such suocess do these com missioners watch over the strict execution of the contracts, that in an instance specified, while they have been careful to save the public about 301. on the number of bricks, they have at the same time allowed the public to loft about 1,000/. on the digging. " These," says Mr. Leslie, " are about the sums upon these two items of which I now give many of the de tails, upon which a loos has been incurred. It may altoge ther amount to about 1,5001. It would be a work of very considerable labour to make out all the details ; bat the above calculations will afford some idea of the pecuniary low from the carelessness (to say the least of it) with whi:h these tenders and contracts were made." It would be unfair to leave such admirable illustra tions of the present sewerage system to the seldom disturbed repose of the Blue Book. We are glad that the Marylebene report has directed attention to the working of the Westminster commission in that parish. Great abuses are best encountered singly. The existing sewerage commis sions, if once severed from their unnatural and unholy alliance with the parochial cause, cannot stand the attacks even of a session. It is h ard, it must be con fessed, that the blow should come from Marylebone, the Switzerland of Bumblcdom, whose guardians de fied the three GESLERS of Somerset-house, and refused to bow down to the circular of 1839, or whatever other document may beet represent the hated hat of the Austrian governor. The sewerage . commissions have ranged up along side of the partisans of local self-government They have joined in the cry of " centralisation," being themselves creations or centralisation under its most pernicious form. Local self-government rejects them. It is hopeful to see that humbug turned inside out, at all events. Tne systematic injustice of which our tropical colo nies, and all connected with them, with so much reason complain, has in no small degree been entailed upon them by their own unwise policy. Wilfully shutting their eyes to the fact, that long before the passing of the reform bill, public opinion was always omnipotent in this country in the long run, and that ministers were compelled to govern in the sense of the community, they contented themselves with courting the favour of governments, and overlooked the Fe veiling opinions and wishes of British society. By servile compliance with ministers, and by secret ne gotiations with Downing-street, they laboured to avert all changes which threatened, or seemed to threaten, their interests. And their success has been exactly what all who persist in such a policy must expect. Ministers were generally found willing to befriend them so long as they could do it without injuring themselves; but is no instance did they scruple to throw the West Indians overboard with bag and baggage, so soon as the tottering balance of parliamentary parties seemed to render this expedient. Even yet, though the West Indians are in most instances far from cordial to whiggish or reforming of - of ministries, they seem unaware ~ the necessity , conciliating public opinion. They despise, or affect to despise, the public, u not understanding their affairs, and, instead of seeking to make them intelligible to it, persist in appealing to ministers, who themselves THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVFNING, NOVEMBER 17. 1847. are obliged to take their cue from the public. It is time the parties connected with, and representing, the tro pical colonies in this country, should learn that it is only by enlightening and adapting themselves to public opinion—by conceding to the national wish in some things in or der to obtain reciprocal concessions— that they can enable or persuade even the most friendly . disposed ministers to support them. It is in vain to ask the British cation to retrograde from its decisions in favour of personal freedom through out its dominions, and of &steady though not headlong advance to perfect free trade with all nations. To do the West Indians justice, the idea of recurring to per sonal slavery is altogether banished from theirimagina tions. It oon the free-trade question that they hesitate. They have the sense to see that if they can contrive to secure a certain amount of free labour, the exclusion of the competition of free-labour sugars . will keep their produce at a high value. Bat in this estimate they overlook the fact that the exclusion of foreign free-labour sugars is no longer possible, and that the admission of much slave-labour sugar on terms of equality with free-labour sugar is inevitable. The United States are guaranteed by treaties that their produce shall be admitted on the terms of the most favoured nation : and the United States de facto in clude Texas, and virtually all the sea-board of Mexico. Have the West Indians faith in the power of Ameri can abolitionists to prevent the erection of states in these regions cultivating sugar by the hands of slaves from the domestic breeding farms of Virginia and the Carolinas ? Or, if they are so sanguine, do they think the nominal free-labour of Java or Siam a reality? Virtual slave-labour sugar and undoubted slave labour sugar can be imported under the existing arrangement, on the same terms as foreign free labour sugar. This concession to the states which enjoy it cannot be withdrawn without hazarding retaliat ice com mercial legislation on their part, if not more serious unfriendly acts; and the slave-labour states subjected to the additional duties on slave-labour produce cannot be expected patiently to endure an exclusion not en forced against other slave-labour states. The higher duties on slave-labour produce are already, to a con siderable extent, illusory. By clinging to them, the West India interests only afford a handle to those who plead for the maintenance of laws and a policy inimical to their interests. It will be wise of our tropical interests to throw themselves at once into the scale of free trade. It is only by acting thus that they place their claims to an unrestricted immi gration of tropical free labourers on an unassailable basis. Having taken this step, they can tell the British government and the British people that it is a farce to talk about free trade so long as free trade in labour, the great source of all production, is withheld. There is another vain hope which the West Indians must relinquish in disabusing themselves of their lingering superstitions faith in restrictive duties. There is no chance of further compensation for their losses either in the shape of grants or loans. The public has, indeed, learned that the two terms are synonimous. When the nation borrows, it is held to pay to the uttermost farthing; when it lends, some excuse or another is always found for ultimately evading repayment. In the matter of borrowing and lending, the public does not stand on an equal footing with individuals. As to compensation for losses in curred through blundering and precipitate legislation, if awarded in one case it must be awarded in all. If the West Indians are compensated for what they have lost by the stupid manner in which negro eman cipation was gone about, our manufacturers must be compensated for all they have lost by the corn law; our Brazil traders for all they have lost by our anti slavery crusades; our machine-makers for all they have lost through the prohibition of exporting machinery. The truth is that every class of the com munity has in turn suffered injury by blunders in economical legislation. Losses incurred by the stupidity of cabinets and parliaments must, like those incurred by other natural causes—the weather for example—be put up with. Individual sagacity and energy are the only means by which they are to be repaired. And if the West Indians will bat have the courage to collect and estimate their remaining property at its real value, they will find that they have still enough wherewith to begin the world again with a fair chance of success. In Trinidad, Guiana, and many parts of Jamaica, the Natural fertility of their soil is unsurpassed. In Barbadoes and the other older colonies the soil is in reality as mach superior to what is called virgin soil, as the garden grounds about London are now to what the same lands were in the time of JULIUS C.F.4AR. In machinery and skilful processes for the culture and growth of sugar the British settlements are, notwithstanding the igno rant mis-statements of metropolitan scribblers, far in advance of any other tropical countries. For access to the European markets no sugar countries are so favourably situated es the British West Indian possessions, except their neighbours in Cuba and Perth Rico. All that is wanted to turn these advan tages to account ie adequate labour and capital ; and capital only waits the arrival of labour to flow to our tropical colonies. Let the West Indians, relinquish ing all mystification on their own part, appeal to the British public to support them against the mystifies , tions of ill-informed or wrong-headed sentimentalists on the other, and there is no doubt of their being placed in a condition to regain the enviable position they once maintained. Two conditions only are necessary to ensure suc cess. They must in the first place disabuse themselves of all vain hopes of grants or leans, and relinquish all attempts at mystification with a view to perpetuate restrictions injurious to the general com munity. In the second place, they must in good earnest set their own shoulders to the wheel. On this point oar meaning will be beat illustrated by refer ring to a communication which appeared last week in the Times, from a deservedly esteemed writer, whbse nom de guerre is " Jacob Omnium." " Jacob " sets himself to combat the silly prejudice against absentees as a class which some have tried to evoke against the West Indians. In the abstract he is right. Were the affairs of the West Indies in a normal state, the capi talist might live in this country, and the head and hand labourers in the colonies, with great advantage. But the presentderanged state of West Indian affairs is such that no capitalists have any chance of retrieving themselves who do not possess the ability and power of self-sacrifice to take the management in their own hands, and take up their residence on the spot. As suredly John Bull will not advance money to enable the denizens of Belgravia to struggle on for a little longer in the deceptive hope that they can redeem their affairs without themselves laying hand to the plough. THERE cannot be an aim more noble or more useful than that sought by the " People's International League." To replace the diplomacy of courts by the popular knowledge of mutual interests, by the ex change of information, and by the carrying on of amicable discussions between countries, would in truth be the firmest bond of peace and the greatest aid to philanthropy. That a purpose so desirable and holy might be materially furthered by a league or association of liberal and enlightened cosmo polites, there can be no doubt. The mere ex pression of the peaceful opinions of a popular body in any great pending or menacing quarrel might have immense effect in allaying animosities and replac ing rivalry by good feeling. And were similar asso ciations in two countries, that were in a state of irri tation, to make free communication of the popular wants, beliefs, and prejudices on both sides, there could be no diplomacy half so potent or so salutary. It is impossible, however, not to foresee very great difficulties in the way of such associations being kept to the true spirit and the straight path. They could scarcely exist without sharing in, and being affected by, the general feelings of the public and the coantry around them. And thus we fear, that people's leagues, however called international, would as often have to vent antipathies as to indulge in sympathies, to argue for exclusive rights as to plead for mutual concessions. We have an example in the debate of the People's International League, which took place on Monday night. If there be a country in the world which could form a corresponding league, and join England in the communication and expression of mutual amity, that country is the United States. And yet we find ose of the able speakers on Mon day indulging in a violent vituperation of the Ame ricans. We have no doubt, had any other orator en tered as warmly and fully into the policy of France, ho would have found as fertile a subject for animad version. If such are to be its themes, what is to be come of the league? Then, again, we hear of books, lectures, tracts, written no doubt on foreign policy and history. In what spirit shall these be conceived or composed ? Liberal, of course, it must be ; but what will be the shade of liberalism, ,noderado or exallado In most countries religious questions are mingled up with political; how will it treat these? Immense diffi culties will be found in the way of being at the same time popular at home and popular abroad ; and the International League had better contemplate these difficulties of its task ere it enters upon it. It will at once suggest itself to every mind ho v much of the proposed duties of the league the press might perform. And yet the press, in a majority of cases, blows the flame of discord and augments international antipathies. The language of abuse comes far readier to the journalist than that of con ciliation, and more wit is displayed in anger than in calm argumentation. But even this is not the great reason for the bitterness of the press ; nor does this reason lie in any inherent malevolence of journalists. But public writers are bound to consult popular prejudices ; nay, will find their interest in flattering them. Aud as long as blind abuse of the Yankee, the Frenchman, and the Irishman, gives pleasure to the English reader, there will always be found writers to cater to that malignant pleasure, and to feed and flatter the prejudices by which they live. If the public therefore desire that leagues and jour nals should be cosmopolitan asd philanthropic, it must begin by being so itself. If it repudiate the neighbour-hating journal Ist, and scout the war-making statesman, journalist and statesman will change their tone. The public may be assured, that most reforms and all modifications of opinion are in its own power. It has but to will, and those, who seem to dictate to it, will be found too ready to obey. Our Paris deepatches,with the journals of Monday, have arrived, but contain no domestic news of interest. The steam-frigate Magellan, with the remains of the late Count 13rerson, arrived at Marseilles on the 12th. The Countess Bresson and her son attended the body, which was to have been brought en route for Paris on the lath. The Madrid mails of the 9th and 10th have arr ived A formal act of impeachment against M. Salamanca to be brought forward in the Cortes, is spoken of The Eco del Gmercio says it was stated that the Duke de ltianzares is to be appointed governor of the palace, in the room of the Marquis de Miratiores ; the former being considered better qualified . a keep a constant watch over the Queen, and to prevent her from receiving advice hostile to the Narvaec cabinet, for which object, says the Leo, the office was created. The consequences of the abdication of the Duke of Lucca in favour of the Grand Duke of Tus cany begin to be manifested throughout the states. The city of Fivizzano, in the Tuscan province of Luni giana, was unexpectedly seized by a body of Mode nese soldiers on the morning of the sth inst. On the arrival of the troops the gonfaloniere and grand ducal vicar protested against the proceeding. It appears that before adopting this measurethe Duke of Modena, observing the extraordinary excitement produced throughout Tuscany by the announcement of the ap proaching transfer of Lunigiana from that principa lity to - Modena, and apprehensive of serious re sistance, went to Vienna to concert measures with the Imperial government. It was ex pected that out of this visit an arrangement would arise, the more so as it was well known that the Grand Duke Leopold was ready to offer an ample equivalent in land elsewhere, and money, for the preservation of the status quo of his principality. Nevertheless these hopes have proved delusive. Before his return from ienna, the Duke of Modena caused possession to be forcibly taken of the small places of Gallitano awl Nlontignoso; and, imme diately on returning to his c-ipital, and obtaining a body of Austrian troops sufficient to overawe the people, he sent his own troops to Fivizzano, and seized it on the sth. The intelligence of this arriving at Florence, Pisa, Leghorn, and the other chief towns of the grand duchy, produced the most formidable fermentation. The populace assembled, and cried aloud for arms to march upon Fivizzano. This excitement was some what abated on the 9th, by the publication of a protest of the Tuscan government against the act of the Duke of Modena. The l'atria 'f Florence of the Gth publishes a decree of the Grand Duke of Tuscany, on the forma tion and arming of the active civic guard. The elec tion of officers and nab-officers is to take place by, at the latest, the 25th of this month. Citizens who have done duty in the provisional civic guard are authorised to form part of the active civic guard, although, according to the regulations, they were to have been incorperated in the reserve. Two compa nies of the line, says the Pieria of the Bth, left Flo rence for Barga and Pietro. Santa, as soon as govern ment bad received information of the military occupa tion of Fivizzano by the Modenese troops. The Diario di Roma of the 2nd publishes the appointment of Cardinal Altieri as President of Rome and the Comore& ; Cardinal Antonelli, President of ' the Council of State ; Cardinal Marini, Legate of the province of Forli ; and Cardinal Bofondi, Legate of the province of Ravenna. The following are details of the organisation of the new Bank of Turin :—The capital is to be 4,000,000 lire (the lire being equal to a franc of France). The notes are to be for 1,000, 500, and 200 lire, but the last to be limited to one-tenth of the whole issue. The bank will receive cash in deposit, but without paying any interest or making any charge. The business is to be conducted by a director, assisted by a board of twelve regents and three cen sors or comptrollers. In addition to these there is a council of discount, the members of which are to be I chosen from among the most eminent merchants of I Turin. The two councils united are every three months to make out a table of the liabilities of the bank, which is to be consulted upon all operations. Lord Minto arrived in Rome on the 3rd hurt. Letters from that city inform us that a popular demon stration took place there on the 4th, for the purpose of soliciting Cardinal Ferretti to withdraw his resignation. It is said, however, that he declared that he would not hold the place of Secretary of State beyond the new year. The members of the Constilla di State had almost all arrived at Rome. The opening of this new council is to take place on Nov. 15. Letters from Naples of the sth announce that a modification of the cabinet was speedily expected, M. Jarri being on the point, it was thought, of resigning the portfolio of Finance. There had not been any fresh excesses in Calabria or Sicily. It was said that the King intended commuting the penalty of death pronounced against a part of the insurgents of Mes sina and Remo; they are to be condemned to the galleys only. The intelligence of the reforms effected in Sardinia caused a great sensation. Oar Swiss despatches up to the 12th inst. have arrived without bringing intelligence of any serious movements on either side. The main body of the federal army destined to make the Bret offensive movements were collected around Berne on the 11th. Colonel Burkhart, who had the command of tho divi sion directed against Friburg, did not leave Berne until the afternoon of that date. It is, therefore, apparent that no news of any serious attack can be expected for a day or two. The force directed against Friburg is a little less than 30,000 men. According to the journals of Berne they are supplied with an artillery of 200 guns. Skirmishes between small bodies of soldiers in the different cantons continue to be reported in the journals, but there are none of these sufficiently serious to merit notice. The Berne journals of the 13th, which bring intel ligence to the afternoon of the 12th, state that on the evening of the 11th, the divisions commanded by Rilliet Constant,' Burkhart, and Ocheenbein, had their advanced poets within four British miles of the city of Friburg, all the approaches to which were blockaded by considerable bodies of troops. On the 12th all these corps closed round Friburg, and were to open their tire upon the city and its redoubts on the same afternoon. L'Helretie says that it was not expected that the city could hold out for more than two hours.. The Rile Gazette of the 13th, says that travellers coming from Berne report that the grand council of Friburg had assembled, and demanded a suspension of hostilities till the morning of the 13th, and that General Dufour had acceded to their demand. MADRID, Nov. 10. The government seems to be recovering from the fright it got on the night of the 3rd. Cordoba and Ron de Olano - are not the only victims of its first starts of tenor to whom handsome reparation kat been mode. Jose Concha has been restored to Me place of Director•Oeneral of the Cavalry, and made a knight of the grand moo of Charles 111., while Shelley, who was chosen to replace him, is to remain in Andalusia. The Erpectarlor hears that these restorations are to be carried still further. and tlr at Cordoba is to re-asautne the war portfolio. Manuel Concha it is Said will have the embassyto Paris. Poor Alain is to he made the scape goat. The expelled veteran passed on the 7th through Naval-ear nero, mounted on a sorry hack, and escorted by two civic guards, just like a criminal. The troops were again under arms on Sunday night. During the continuance of Narvaez' ministry extraordinary measures of this sort become matters of course, and must be expected sties or twice a week. The Prestos stye the government hes applied to our Foreign-office for the recall of Mr. Bulwer, on the ground of ' his interfering too much in the affairs of Spain ; and that if his recall is not granted. Names will direct his passport to he sent to him. The Prenrs hopes that the French mi nister will receive his passport at the same time, as inter- , fcring so less. The Gazette contains a royal order renewing tie contract of the government with the Bank of San Fernando. for the collection of taxes, during the live months from November to March inclusive. The proceeds of all branches of the public revenue, with the exception of the Crusade impost, the returns of national property.end the surplus of colonial revenue, will, there'ore, enter into the coffers of the bank. The esti mates of the receipts corres nding to each month which the bank will collect are 100,..1,0.10 of reale in November and December, 80 in January and February, and 90 in March, total 480 millions. The bank will deliver to the cavern mint 80 millions in November, 90 in December, 65 in January, February, and March. total 365 million,. The beak will also pay the interest of the Three per Cent. Debt due oa December 31, at the periods when it is call, .1 upon so to do by the Director-General of the Public Del ' an d according to the stipulations of the contract of Jan. 2. 1815. Bravo Murillo is to be appointed Minister of Commerce and Public Instruction. Ile was a member of the Duke of Sotomayor's cabinet. It is mid that the Fomento Bank has offered to cede the quicksilver contract to M. Daniel Weiiweder, agent of Rothschild. The last news from Catalonia is that the French police have caught 41 Carlists, 22 of whom are chiefs. Mora, editor of the Jieraldo, has been appointed a member of the TO{ 31 council. Senor Cuadro is named chargd d'affaii as fur Bolivia. COLONIAL. BRITISH NORTH AMERICA. Tke dates received by the Cambria from the Bftish province. are :—Montreal, Oct. 29 ; Quebec, Oct. 29 ; Toronto, Oct. 20; Halifax, Nov. 2 ' • St. Joint's, N. 8., Oct. 30 ; St. John's, Newfoundland, Oct. 26._. CANADA.—The Earl and Countess of Elgin ar rived in Montreal, front a tour in rho upper province, on the morning of the 23d of October, and immediately pro ceeded to Dlonkland.. During the progress his excellency received addresses (among others) from the inhabitants and front the grand jury of the Home District, and front the Board of Trade of Toronto. In to ply to the inhabitants Lcrd Elgin expressed regret that his vi,it had not occurred at a seas -n well suited for prosecuting his researches into the interior the country ' • added that he hoped a more intimate sequaint ance with the Home District was only deferred • and declared that the exhibition he witnessed at H amilton ' was gratifying as " an exhibition not only of agricultural pro ducts but of agricultural producers." The grand jury having intimated their satisfaction at his excellency's public avowal that in administering the affairs of the province he "was determined neither to suffer his high office to degenerate into a pageant, nor pass the time of his sojourn is the pro vince in inglorious re pone, or the performance of empty cere mony," Lord Elgin replied that he did not appr e hend h e would find any difficulty " in reconciling a due maintenance of the prerogative of the crown with a full and unqualified recognition of the liberties of the people." The Board of Trade recorded "their cordial approbation of the prompt and paternal manner in which, under the circumstances, the imperial parliament has thrown open to the adoption of the province the full ad. antages of on unrestricted system of commerce." The Goseruor-Geueral in return assured them that both the sovereign and the people of Great Britain " are desirous that the connexion between the pro vince and the mother country, while it is rendered as strong as affection con make i:, shall be like a band of silk, neither burdensome nor galling." The affable manners of the earl and countess gave universe] satisfaction at Toronto; and of the effect of hi. lordship's policy and bearing on the whole of Canada the Montreal Ilerald observes (and the statement is amply borne out by the milder tone of the provincial prees), that though Lord E'gin's present cabinet has but a slight hold on ',utile opinion, Lord Elgin himself, "By kis indefatigable attention to business, hi. prudence and dr vonspection, his invariable and unostentatious courtesy, is securing for himself, from all panics, that reliance upon Ids Integrity as a man, and his wisdom so a statesman, which does not always accompany the respect that must ever be fel' towards the representati. of the crown. The result, so far, of his b• :.hip's government has, most assuredly, been to soothe Move political and party asperities which hare eo long been the bone and more of Canada—destructive alike to its material and moral advancement; and although every attempt to combine, in one cabinet, upon fair and honourable trims, the acknowledged leaders of the British and French parties —whose differences are not political, hoverer strongly they may deny it—although every Inch attempt has hitherto failed, we trust the time is not fur distant when Lord Elgin will succeed In surrounding Mooed( with advisers enjoying the confidence and esteem of the great majority of Canadians of both origins. Success in such an imderLaking will entitle him to the last ing gratitude of a united and therefore of a prosperous and a happy people." Rumours of a diesolution of the provincial parliament had been spread, but were generally diecredited. The legislature stands prorogued to the 2.5 th of thin month, but not to be then summoned for despatch of business. An impression prevailed that a short session will be held in February, and that as the provincial parliament dies a nature) death in October, 1848 , a general election will most probably Pike place during the summer. The existing provincial ministry, weak though it is said to be, will probably experience no material change in its constitution toll the remelt of that election has been Been. For a few days previous to the despatch of the mail the weather had been fine, but unusually cold for the season. This bright glimpse had been preceded by snow and sleet. The harvest in Upper Canada had been, both in quantity and quality, far above an average and notwithatanding a stop had been put to speculation by the reports from Europe, no fear was entertained of farmers not finding a ready sale at remunerative prices for their produce. The disastrous commercial intelligence from England had produced no visible effect on the mercantile community at Canada. The shipping season was nearly over, though a few vessels were still expected at Quebec. Next mail will complete our materials for a review of the state of trade during the season. The following statistics of health (or sickness) are from the Maltreat Herald: The quarantine station at Gros, Ws, has been dogrel for the sea son, and the sick remaining there were, last week, all brought to our emigrant hospital, on Point St. Charles; where, by yesterday's return, we and there are now a total of 774 patients. We visited this establishment a few days ago, and, it is only just to say, that it alibrds a perfect contrast to the horrors of the emigrant sheds, precious to the appointment of the commissioners, under whose able superin tendence the Point At. Charlet establishment wee erected, and is now recrula'ed. Nothing can exceed the perfect sweetness and cleanliness of the ward., provided ex they are with stoves and heating apparatus for the approaching winter. The summer of 1847 will long be memorable in our annals, for the fierful mortality and sufferings of the thousand., who sought to better their condition by emigration— that many valualite lives might base b.-en tared, and much wretchedness and misery avoided, by the earlier adoption by the government of suck measures as, have resulted to the establishment at Paint St. Charles, there cannot be the slightest doubt ; bat the root of the evil lies deeply buried in the culpable and merciless conduct of ;the Irish landlords and ',lrish., in crowding on board ships their thousands of diseased aao starring pauper., the doomed and uncrei-for victims of pestilence and poverty. Some corrective must be found for this " evil under the sun"—lts Continuance during future years cannot be con templated without horror, and we trust the next session of our pro vincial legislature will not be allowed to pars without the enactment of some stringent law, by which we may reach the pockets, if not the hearts., of those who seek to relieve themselves from the consequences of their own moral and social crimes and errors at our expense. To the long list of valuable lives which have fallen victims to the im ported pestilence, we have to record that of Dr. Retry, physician to the Marine lloapitai at Quebec; he died of typhus fever, contracted In the performance of his duty, on the 75th instant, universally and ' deservedly regretted by all who knew him. Hr. Palnchaud, Jun., the house surgeon in the same institution, is, we regret to hear, also laid up with typhus. From the Montreal Pilot we learn that: The Quebec Mercury of Saturday publishes a complete return of the money and effects left by emigrants, who died without relatives, et Crosse Isle, from the 16th of May to the 21st of October. The total amount of money so left la e2Ol. sterling; and there is, besides., a variety of watches andiewellery, 201 teem and trunks, a large num ber of feather beds, and a great society of wearing appareL Among the edam of money advertised, we observe one of 1 - 20 f., left by Cathe rine Fraser, who arrised in the brig Broom, and where reletives are supposed to be rending in Upper Canada. " ' ' - _ Riots, of which the enforcement of the School Act wax the cause or pretext, had broken out in various parts of the lower province. Two Irishmen (one a catholic, the other a protestant) had been assueinated at Montreal by one indi vidual. A person of indifferent repute, of the name of Car rel had been committed on a charge of committing the murder, in consequence of the verdict of the coroner's jury. The proceedings on the inquest had given rise to some dis cussion, and certainly to an Englishman they appear to have been sufficiently irregular. NOVA SCOTIA.—The political news from this colony is unimportant. The commercial intelligence from England had produced a minor panic, which really does not appear to have been warranted by the state of affairs in the colony itself. One house had failed for a considerable amount, and rumours were afloat questioning the stability of several other firms. " Notwithstanding," remarks the editor of the Morning Chronicle (N. S. " we arc s till o f op i n i on that our mercantile establishments generally are in a sound state, and ready to meet all their liabilities.' He adds the following judicious suggestions : We neither overlook the danger, nor with to exaggerate its effects, but we consider the rumours to which we hare alluded to be ground less, :swell ea destructive of public confidence. The merchant when warehouses are crowded with goods will not sell, became he knows not whom he can trust with safety. The consequence is that there I. a general stagnation of trade, while a gentosf distrust is apparent among an classes of, the community. Such distrust should not exist among us, and we deprecate its effects as well m Its origin. Rumours are set afloat, so one knows how, and no one knows by whom, at the same time seriously affecting the credit of several of our reer omits. We ourselves believe these rumours drat take the it rise among croakers, tattlers, and mischief-makms—men WO careless or too ignorant to speculate on the results of their thoughtlers rats. bling. We believe therefore, that there are no grounds for the present want of oontGknoe which seems to be stealthily creeping, like a plague, over the City. We trust also that the disposition of the banks is to antra rather than toembarraas, to keep up rather than to pull down. We would, therefore, recommend that if there are any houses, large or small, on which inspiciaa has even In eathed, they should at once lay a statement of their affairs before the banks; and we do hope that, if satisfactory, such indulgence as may be required will be granted without hesitation. If, however, unfortunately their affairs are in such a state that every day is only adding to their em barrassments, and incensing their liabilities, let them brave the worst, and meet their creditors at once, if they wish to be oonsidered honest men. Wei° suck a course adopted our conviction is that business would go en as before, that confidence would be re-esta blished, and that we should soon hear no more of the commercial pante. A trial of considerable interest had come on before the Nova-Scotian Court of Vice-Admiralty. The accused, W. M'Ouire had been sent to Nova Scotia from Newfoundland, there being no court competent to try him in tho latter province. He was the master of the Thomas Tattersall, and accused of the murder of T. Plunkett and Hennety on the high seas. A plea of insanity wu put in on kis behalf, and though his conduct in court was, from its extravagance, such as to induce a suspicion of acting, the testimony of the gaoler and medical men led the ury to declare him of unsound mind. The cue of the mur der was in consequence not fully gone into. What was elicited in the course of the trial, however, deserves to be put on record so an additional illus tration of the necessity of better precautions being taken for the due officering of our merchant service. The Attorney- General in opening the case said that, It appeared from the statements male that MGufre, the prison,. was the master of the vessel Thomas Tattersall ; that in April Lot he left the port of Li vorpnol, Great Britain, bound to St. John's, New foundland. Atter • long essence the Tercel arrived at Newfoundland with two of the crew missing, when a complAnt was lodged by the mate of the vessel and an examination prosecuted, at the termination Of which the prisoner was charged with beingthe muse of the death of these two individuals be ill usage. The deceased had shipped at Liverpool 113 able seamen, but when at sea proved themselves incom. petent to do full lot — and, from the evidence, it would be mete to appear that violent ii.Ogging from the hands of the clot an had en. sued. They were afterwards confined and kept without mßielent nourishment for some dors, and died before th.y reached the shores of liewfonndiand, where a complaint woe made. • The following extracts from the evidence embrece (with the exception of the depositions of the gaoler and medical neon) the whole case John Cowman, in answer to questions, in substance. gave the fol lowing depositirn Ile first knew the prisoner about four years ago, in Ireland, when witness shipped on board a vowel of which the pri toner was muter. Ile again shipped with M . Gulre on the 13th or ! 14th of April het, on board the Thomas Tatterwall, at Liverpool, bored frr Newfoundland. There was e differente in the oonelnet of the master daring this voyage to bin previous. voyages. Wi new attributed the ill-treatment of the men to anger. because they did not do their dote. The crew was composed of four nun ' three LOOP, captain, and mate. There were also four ;Li...angers on board. Wit , teem next spoke of the general conduct of the prisoner, which he • described u harsh anti cruel lie did not mann. the men. They refused to come on dec.: after being threatened and maltreated by • the captain, and were for thirty-six hour, without food. The de ceased then come on deck. There wax a c onplaint lodged in New ' foundland, op to which time he appeared in his umal Mete of mind. Witness believed that up to the time of prisoner being confined I. gaol he appeared to be of sane mind. Upon being erosesexamined be M,. Twining wane. deposed that Ml:titre had flogged all hands et different times during the voyage without reason ; was very regu lar in hie duty, and very seldom stepped below except in fine weather. The prisoner ha* a wife and lit e ebildren.—The mate on board the ship 'I homes Tatterwdl, was next sworn. ;,The name of this witness we could not hear, on account of the noise made by the prisoner, who at this stage of the proceedings commenced dancing the P.lllor's hornpipe, accompanying himself by whistling.] The wisdoms of thin witneas'a examination we understood to be an follows:—Witness bad been for some time in the toasting trade with NPOuire previous to the lust voyage. The primer's con duct daring the het voyage was digerent to what it had been during the previous voyages. boring the last voyage the uptain bad stinted the crew in their food and bent them. Witness deemed since his know ledge of the prisoner he hod always been a ho-tempered man. a Upon one occasion he remembemi Mruiee but a boy about 15 or IG yearn of age with a hand saw, which he then broke into piece.. (The pri soner woo at this part of the evidence no exccodiratly Water°us that for several minutes the evidence could not be heard.) After the dectaard had been severely dogged and confined for wane time, wit- IKU era -nstrated with the prisons, MI told him thathe Selievedthat the men who were confined must he dead. Prisoner "het them die and be d—d." It did not occur to witness that the prisoner was insane. (At this jun , tare the primmer sgaiu commenced dancing to the tune of Paddy O'ltaid , rty.) While« further a--eeriest that blfGuire, upon his ordeal in St. John, conducted his business as usual. NEW BRUNSWICK.—The Veto Brunstcieker, of 30th Oct., contains the following derided and sensible re marks on the account given in the Express of tho claims of the Nova Scotia baronets, as urged at the Edinburgh meetirg : We hare been aware for some time pest, that the baronets of Nova Scotia, through their weretary, the notoriou. Sir ltichard Moue, were ends avowing to obtain grants of land in this province, under some pretended claim, arising about the tame time as that of the ma ntled Earl of Stirling. endeavour ha, been promptlY met by the executive of this colony, who hare quietly but determinedly declined all negotiation on the subject of these claims. More re cenily, In reply to an application whirl, was somewhat speciougy worded, the boronets were informed that if they really desired to be- come proprieiors of land in Sew Prunrwick, they could become pur chasers open the usual tvrine undid the estsh!ished price, and this, it is to be hoped, will quiet their desire to establish in this new and vi gorou. wintry, the Last sad telies of feudal hirtrarism. To 0,1 , e un acqutinted with the matter, it may not be to ment.on, that among other monstrous pwireni which the pateuts of the baronets of Nova Scotia eon!, upon them, is that of "pit nod imPnws "—the right of imprisoning and banging—within their serest domains in North America! We can conceive nothing win , M notild be more oh noxihus to the people of this colony, or which wou'al call forth more decided opposition, than any attempt to establi•li these baronets as prom icon n of land nowt 7 up, in any manner having the slightest re- Pence to their ancient privileges. It has been represented to the baronets at flute meetings in Edinburgh, by their secretary, that their proposal. were highly approved In till, colony, both by the people and the local government! Tbe burst of indigsation with which such an aesertion will br met here, tenders it unnecessary (or us to give the most formal denial of a statement, which none but a perm possessing the "lively imagination" of Sir Richard 13roun u.iuld venture to make. Under the act far the settlement of the civil list in this pin. rime, it is quite Impassible far the baronets to become proprietor. of land In the way they propese: and if they have been otherwise In formed, they hare been most shamefully deceived. The accounts of the distress to the mother country were rexived In New Brunswick not without unconcern, but with re-; or el glltreliance. There con be no doubt (says the SY. John News) that upon thi., as upon former evasions, we shall feel the ethstis of the tightnea of the money market upon our credit at home ; we shall certainly surfer much inconvenience and temporary dieters ; but we do not apprehend that the present depression will be as great or as long con tinued 44 that which in 184 i overwhelmed, with low exceptions, the whole province in ruin. toe think that it will not-Wet, because we do not believe that the pressure front without will be as severe—and, secondly, because, whatever that pressure may be, we have greater re aurcca ourselves to resist it. At the time when the former crisis occurred, the Joint-stock Company and Land manias had filled the province with found,. speculators; and three calamitous floe had desolated our city. The uraal of the country had been entirely exhausted, and our business was carried an only through oar credit abroad. But since then a large. and lucrative trade in shipping sad timber has added greatly to our available wealth, and placed our Ltolaiss more under our own control. That there arc amongst us nun who carry on some description of traffic without capital, we have no doubt, Mn we think that there are not many such; and these, whoever they may be, wiT probably fall be math the pressure. But on a calm eerie. of the causes which have led to the present monetary difficulties, and on art evaminatim of our own position with relation to other parts of the world, and as re gards our internal resources, we betters, and we pr:diet, that amongst all the communities which will feel the effects of this con vulsion, few still pan through the ordeal as safely and as honourably as the city of St. John. The number of emigrants who arrived in New Brunswick from the beginning of the season to the 23rd of October was 15,794, in 99 vessel,. The deaths at sea amounted to G 62 ; the deaths on shore after landing had not been fully ascer tained. The following post-office news, from the St. John Courier, is interesting We publish to-day an official notice frets the imet-offieedcpartment, announcing that after the 16th of November no letters or newsp - apers from the United Mates upon which the foreign mintage has not hers paid, will be received at any of the post.othoes in this province • and we understand that town the same date the British mails for Canada will be rent by land from Halifax through thin province an formerly, instead of by way of Bunton, as has lately been the practice. Those alterations have been come to in comequence of a misunderstanding between the Btitish and American governments upon postal matters. The determination of the home government; to forward the Canada mail. through this province will doubtlem be the limns of urging forward the much-talked of railroad from Haim to Quebec; and we understand that • report has already been forwarded to England by the F urveyorn as to the practicability of the undertaking. We have not heard with certainty the route recom mended, but have remon to believe that it is by the Bernet or Meth, read. We have alnn learned that at the resent meeting in Montreal of dele,ates from Unada, Nova Mons and New Bruited* upon postal, affairs a rate of 3d. per half ounce when under and 6d. whin over ao miles was agreed upon. We believe that there would be so difficulty in no desirable a reduction in colonial postaire taking place, no far as this province in concerned, m our legislature Is already pledged to make up any deficiency in the necessary revenue, upon ob taining control of the department ; and we Mould certainly expect that the legi.latures of the other provinces will make a eimilar peopo eet, and thus; secure from the home government a most dednble boon. --- NEWFOUNDLAND.—The Times (St. John's), and Morning Pose state that than can be no doubt of the potato blight having again made its appearance in the pro vince. The Newfoundland press deprecates the amalgamation of the British North American colonies, at least in so far as Newfoundland is concerned. Int Court. WINDSOR, TuEsDAY.—Prince Albert left the Castle early this morning for town, travelling by the Great Western Railway. His Royal Highness was attended by CoL B. Drummond, Gen. Bowles, and Capt. the Hon. A. Gordon. His Royal Highness returned to the Castle about two p.m. The Earl and Countess Grey and the Earl of Desert took their departure to-day. The Countess of Desert (Lady in Waiting to her Majesty) also left the Castle to-day. Prince Albert arrived at Buckingham Palace soon alien ten o'clock yesterday morning from the Paddington terminus of the Great Western Railway. His Royal High ness, attended by Col. the Hon. C. B. Phipps, left the palace shortly before 11 o'clock for Somerset-house, and attended a meeting at the office of the duchy of Cornwall. The Prince afterwards returned to the Paddington terminus, and left for Windsor by a special train on the Great Western Railway. A cabinet council was held yesterday afternoon at the Foreign-office. It was attended by Lord John Russell, the Lord Chancellor, Sir George Grey, Viscount Palmerston. Earl Grey, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Earl of Auckland, the Right Hon. H. Labouchere, Lord Campbell, Viscount Morpeth, and the Right Hon. T. B. Macaulay. The council sat two hours and a half. Sir Donald Campbell, Governor of Prince Edward's Island, had an interview with Earl Grey yesterday, at the Colonial-office, to take leave on his departure for that colony. Mr. Baker had also an interview with the noble earl yes terday. Mr. Mark Boyd had an interview yesterday with her Majesty's Colonial, Land, and Emigration C 01111111111. siopers. — The Earl and Countess Grey returned to their resi dence in Belgrave-square yesterday, from a visit to her Majesty, at Windsor Castle. Despatches were sent off yesterday evening from the Colonial-office for the governors of the West India colonise. DEATH OF THE DOWAGER Conrress FORTESCUE. —Thi; lady, who had been WWI short time indisposed died at the family seat of th e F or t eocues, Weare Giffard, in Devonshire, oa Saturday last. Her ladyship would have completed her 87th year on the 30th inst., had she !survived. She was the third daughter of the late Right Hon. T. Oren. vile, and survived her late husband about six years and a half. She hada large family, font sons and seven daughters, nearly all of whom survive her. COLONIAL APPOINTMENTS.—The Queen has been pleased to appoint C. Z. Macaulay, Esq.., to be manager of the currency for the island of Mauritius ; H. Hudson, jun., Esq., to be civil commissioner and resident magistrate of Somerset, in the settlement of the Cape of Good hope • P. A. 0 anteaume, EN., to he regiatrar-general for the isUn'd of Trinidad; and W. Gillam, Feel., to be registrar and secre tary, clerk of the enrolments, and clerk of the council, for the island of Dominica.— Gazette. NEW SHERIFFS.—In addition to the list of sheriffs Riven on Monday, the Gaulle of last night announces that the following gentlemen were yesterday named high sheriffs for Cornwall by the council of his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales:—Sir S. T. Spry, of Tregola ; H. Willyams. of Cannata's, Req. ; and A. Coryton, of Penttllie Castle , Esq. Lancashire and Westmoreland have yet to be provided for. COURT OF ALDERMEN. Yesterday the first court of the new mayoruity was held.—The Lord Mayor, upon taking the chur, said he felt confident that he should be supported in the performance of his duties by his brethren, and that the business of the mayoralty would be conducted with their co-operation plea santly to themselves and advantageously to their fellow. citizens. YRECITT PRISONS.—Wben the sheriffs presented the ports of the condition of the City prisons, Alderman Sidney said be had last year found it necessary to complain of the manner in which Giltapur.street prison was crowded, and be regretted to be obliged to declare that it was now 50 per Cent. more crammed ; that in the prison originally built for ViO, and never spacious enough to give accommodation to that number, 324 were now actually enclosed, and that the population there had rapidly increased within the last mouth. The speaker then reminded them that the approach of the cholera should be kept in view, with reference to each crowding together of persons of the lowest class.—Alder man Challis said he should be sorry that the expression of such feelings as had just been uttered should go forth to the public without some observations calculated to qualify their operation. The facts of the crowded state of the prison and the s:rious inconvenience resulting therefrom were by no means new to the court. Aid. Sidney did not stand alone is lamenting such contingencies, and must be aware that hie brethren sympathised with him. Alderman Sidney must be aware that the committee appointed some time nen had introduced such regulations as could be adopted in the pre sent gaol, that the ground for a new gaol had been selected, and that all that was now necessary was the production of the plan, preparatory to entering into the necessary contract. The committee would he glad of the co-operation of Alder man Sidney in carrying out an otoret of the impertanee of which they were all perfectly conscious.—Alderman Cope. land wished for the production of a detailed report of the sanitary condition of the prisoners from the suarion of the gaol, who stated in his report to the court that fever had been prevalent, but that it wao abating.—Sir Peter Laurie said it was not necessary to rouse the magistrates of Lordon to the performance of their duties by a pressure from with. out. They were quite aware of the consequences of dismal. They would leave it to Alderman Sidney and his brethren of parliament to propose come plan of relief calculated to render any extraordinary labour, on the part of the magistracy superitooos. Alderman said that although several eases of fever had occurred in Giltspur street prison, there had been hut one fatal cue, and that although the prison had been built for no more than 1:10, a considerable addition had been made to the size and accommodations since its erection. Alderman Liles, said that Alderman Sydney was so confoundedly fond of the subject of gaols, that he continued toeing it into every subject on which he spoke. The government appeared to him to be taken with a very strange fancy. They were dis posed to send out of the country all the honest men, and to keep the others, whom they used to delight in traasporing, when no looter fit for the rational society in England. lie could very well see why the principle of emigrotion seas I romoted; but he could not. for the life of him. sec why her Msjestre ministers , should he so anxious to keep all the thieves at home. lie was for continuing the good old syrem of seed_ ing away from us these who held our laws in contempt, and , who would not work for their subsistence ; and the sooner such fellows starved the better.—Alderman Copeland's motion was then carried unanimously. Paisox DlSelELlNE.—Aldernasn :4:dopy pave entice of motion that it be referred to a committee to report upon the expediency of consolidating the gaol of Newgate with the intended new house of correction at Holloway ; also to report upon the mat eligible site for constructing a new regions house, capable of affording three courts with increased accommodation to witnesses and others attending the sessions ; also. for a new house of detention contiguous, sufficiently large for a mended prisoners and prisoners con veyed from the common gaol for trial.—Alderman Copeland brought up the rep rrt of the gaol cos" mittee, which stated that three of the turnkeys of Newgate had been discharged from their situations for having pennittid spirits and tobeeco to he brought to some of the ptisoneem—The report was confirmed by the court. lase GVARDIANS OP THE 'WERT LONDON UNION AND THE MAGISTRATER OT THE CITY OP LONDON.—Alderman Sidney slid he had a memorial of very great importance to present to the court from the guardians of the West London Hrion to them, as follows: That having with regret nhaerved that their bilious in their suf ficiently painftu sad onerous office have been, from time to time by caritas of your weeshi,ful members, depreciated, if not ma Eßnrd, and that olieerrations hombres made be more than one on the magi.. tonal bench tendingto hold them up to the tye of the oolitic as pennies if rot destitute of humanity, yet not putting in practice those prin. Moles which humanity incileats, they are most desirous to set them. selves right in your opinion, and to vindicate themselves from aspersions sli:ch they be here to have originated rattier Irma Inc :nsiderateness and wont of real information of the beim, ,than from any desire to do them actual inju-tier. In the fleet piece, they submit the law to be that magistrates have, except in one or two cues specifically giv-n to them by the Snide, no power to order or control in any way out-relies but that such ',mere is left exclusively in the hands of the guardians. The West Londe) Hoard of Guardians are hr no mean. desirous of poursaien there powers; but. if the leglidature has thought et to Inyest them with such, and whilst it continues to do so, they also submit that that tam which gives and sustains to the magistrate all his power, ought to be as effective to maintain power gist's to any other source what. ever; and If magistrates or others would have the hndners to at tend the meetings of the guardians, for the purpose of witnessing whether there was any want of real attention or humanity la the way in which they dispense these powers, many of curb guardians being personally conversant with every grade and feature of each rue pre sentedlaore them, those so attending would at bast be In a proper position to puss a Judgment upon their proceedines; but, without thin, it Is submitted that any judgment, much more con demnation, must he premature, and may be mort unjust. The board of guardians hope it will not he held onbrcoming of them to came,s their maximums that on all ormniers they have administered their powers with the utmo-t humuit y and underarm. having at all times regard to the character and pinshion of the parties appearing before them, matter which earns crime so well within the cognisance of your honourable court • and they therefore Mate every one of your honourable court to silent and personally to judge of the manner in which they preform their duties us guardians. If, after such attendance, yon deem them peeper subjects of anima& sesame, however they may lament it, they will at least have the estietio don that judgment boa been pawed upon evidence, and hy those who ham taken the pains to Investigate the.. motives. The mord of 'Medians feel the greater necessity for this communication to mar boom] able court from the Mumble facts that pauperism in the out London union has reached a height which is perfecting appalling. and which has never before been known ; that the burden upon rates is greater seed greater, and is from quarter to quarter, from its very magnitude, frightfully increasing the list of paupers ; that many or time who, he distress warming., are competed to contribute to the rates, are reidlyilestitute of the comforts whichthewerkbenee affords; that one of the parishes of the union is at this time paying for poor-rate five shillings in the pound, and that the destitute, • close of paupers which, under the old law, wt' re not a burden upon wort. hours., are increasing to a degree that in not only alarming as a sta. tistical fact, but in such • way ea to prevent in a great degree all pro. per regulations and diseinline in the workhouse. In Bethnal-green, blab , rto considered one of the poorest of districts, the in-door poor (that is, poor in the workhouse) compared with the pima:anon of the union, are a-109 to civet' 10,000; that, in St. Luke's, another poor dia. trict, the indoor poor are as 127 to every. 10,000 ; whilst in the West London Union the in-door poor are as 227 he every 10,000; in oddities to this the West London Union exceeds in amount the outdoor rebel of the largest of these two other unions. The Mani of g asedlas many of term adminktratore of the law under the old aster therefore neceasarily acquainted well with what it mu, bare as doubt in a ffi rming that the comforta of the poor under the new sec tem, as far at least r regards their union, are greater and their men sines more liberally met with in every way than ever they were ander the old ; and besides this, and what is meet important, the education of the young is bassi upon a system not only more costly but in every respect more efficient. With these facts, well capable of proof, it is hard to be held up as a public apectsele of inhumanity and hard heat edness, The West London guardians, claiming foe themselves na infallibility, will thee have not only the unction but the advice of your hoe. court, and the result would be that their decistme, instead of meeting from you with ens post fads as well as extra- judicial repro bation, which necessarily must impede their effect and weaken their influence, would have your additional weight and character to swain and enforce them. . . . The memorial was signed by Mr. Buckmaster, the chair man, and seventeen other guardians of the union.—Ald. Hughes Hughes hoped that a paper of such a description would not meet with a seconder in the court. It contained the expression of a direct interference with their judicial functions. He always entertained the opinion that the prin ciple of compelling parties whe were suffering from tempo rary distress to sell off their stock and betake themselves to an union ought to be reprobated. For his part he should not cease to deprecate a practice so revolting to common feeling and common sense. With respect to the sentiment so to the exertions and humanity of the guardians, he really thought that it savoured of the eulogistic, and which the gentlemen were accustomed to meet only among 4 them eelves.—Ald. Copeland agreed with Aid. Hushes Hughes that the paper was an insolent interference with the duties of the aldermen ; and nobody having seconded the reception of the memorial, the subject was dropped, and the court a -1 journed. THE CIIARTFR HOUSE.—The vacancy among the governors of the Charter Rouse, occasioned by the decease of the Archbishop of York, will be supplied by the Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas (Sir Thomas Wilde). SGTIOOL FOR THE INDIGENT BLlND.— Yesterday a general court of subscribers to this charity was held at the London Tavern, for the purpose of electing five male and eight f, male pupils. The chair was taken at eleven o'clock, by Henry Warner, Esq. The names of the successful can didates are as follow ...--Robert Burrows, John Andrews, Wm. H. Cooper, Jonah Cave, John R. Squires, Sarah Pal mer, Mary Bunton, Rebecca Peak, Anne Greeson, Harriet Braybrook, Anne Nub, Elizabeth Long, and Eliza Toye. ASSOCIATION OF MASTER PRINTERS.—A special general meeting of muter printers was held at Anderton's Hotel, Fleet-street, yesterday, at 1 o'clock ; Richard Taylor, Esq., F.R.S. in the chair; to receive the report of the committee of Conference appointed at the general meeting held on the 19th of May last, " to settle all matter. now in dininte, or not touched upon, or not clearly defined in the made of 1805-10 ;" and also to receive a recommendation as to the formation of a committee of reference, sna on other matters. Copies of the scale, with the additions, definitions, and explanations, as settled by the committee. were produced at the meeting. The secretary (Mr. Cox) read a report of the committee, which 'Mad that its recommendations had given great sada faction to the compositors. A declaration was also read from the compositors, expressing their conviction of the desire of the masters to do them justice, and stating that there would be no further occasion for strikes. Resolutions to the follow ing effect were subsequently pared:—That a committee of reference be appointed, consisting of twelve master printers of not less than five years' standing (six to be chosen by the compositors), for the purpose of settling any disputes relative to work which might arise ; and that if any member of the committee of reference should be a party concerned in any dispute, such person should, after a statement of his Case, withdraw.