The Express. — London, England, 1848-07-19 00:00:00

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT, ?'OUSE OF LORD.i.—TUEBDAY, JULY 18. Tae Loup CILANOILLOR took kis seat at 5 4:Cc1001 1 . PRIVATE BUSINESS , SF.COND READINGS. —Leith Municipality and Pollee Triads, llarke . s, Paving, and Sanintry Improvements ; Monkl.ond and Kirk intillach, Ballochney, and Slamaamm Railway. Amalgamation or Sale or L:l@ nod Amendment or Repeal of Acts; Bills. Timm READINGSver Harbour ; Payne's Patents (Improve ments in PrelCTiing Vegetable Matters); Bill& PUBLIC RIISINE&W. COMMITTEES.—NichnInisis Divorce; Adrain'stration of Justice ( .w. I and I) ; Protection of Justices from Veastious Actions ; peals on Civil Bills:(Oublin); Rills. RbßT.—Law of Entail (Scotland) MIL PO TIMID READINO.--Oglcers of Courts of Ja.tiec (Irelansl) , tnPa pn; of Appointments Bill. lONS. - By Lord Bill:MONT, from sev mild eral kalges of Odd Fellows, In favour of the bill for load on Marquis of WES (lilt, front th,ter, on the subject of tidal harbours. -Lord WIIABNCLIFIE, Born merchants, tonhent, and others of Londe.% prayiug for a consolidation sod a men,lraent th of therein e law of bankruptcy, in conformity with certain suggestion. contained. -- IMPORTATION OF DISEASED SHEEP. The Duke of RICHMOND moved for a return of the number of sheep and the quantity of wool imported into the Unite d le in gdom in the year 1N 17 ; and inquired what precau tion ry meisures had been take n b y her M ajesty 's governme to nt with respect to e contagious disease in cheep, supposrd th be of the nature of sm all p ox? In cons, qucrece of the tri o which Sir It. Peel introduced, foreign sheep and cattle were allowed to be introduced into this country. The free traders had brought sheep iota the country by this measure, it was true, but' they had alp° brought in diseaset sheep, and he considered the government were hound to do their best to Sad out the nature of this disease which hail long prevailed in the north of Germany. He thought they should send over a veterinary mown to inquire into the nreurc of the disease and the beat remedy for it. He was told that it was often dormant in the system, and was not exhibited until some weeks after the animals had been introduced. The government ought to prohibit the importation of these sheep for some time, as it was a most serious evil, and one which might affect the whole country. lie was told that in Holstein it was tee custom to inoculate the sheep possessed et this disease, and perhaps vaccination might be useful here. If one she p ea the disease it ran through the whole flock ; and it was an roil which he was sure their lordships would excuse him fur calling tl sir atte ntion to. (Hear, hear.) The Merqui. of LANSDOWNE thought the measure of Sir It. Peel had operated moat beneficially, but it might have tended to the inconeenience wkich the noble duke, &Huard to. lie was glad that the noble duke had called h at. ad tention to the subject, not that any stain ne:d be created with reference to it, hut that persons might be put on their guard as to the existence of the disease. It hail been known in Germany for a great mat.y years. Only one sheep, how ever, imported into thi s countr y , of all the num ber which Lid been subjected to inspection, had bee u found to be bud; but the germ of the disease was Isteet, and many sheep might now he in tne country aft:etc.] with the disease without its being known. Instruct ttm.s had been given to keep sheep thus imported in a state of quarantine until it could be ascertained Ly veterinary surreons whether they had the diserder in question or not. He was not at all sure that an order in council might not be necessary ; bat their lordships might be sure that the fullest information would be given to parliament on the subject. Lora BROUGHAM thought the statement of the noble marquis was most satisfactory. The return was then ordered. BOARD OF TRADE. Lora BROUGHAaI wished to ask how it happened that a gentleman connected with the Road of Trade hail oh tamed possession of c document which no one else could get, except this very fortunate editor? Earl GRAN VILLE made a statement, which was all but inaudible, but the object of which was to show that no un hie preference hail been given to the gentleman in question. Lord BROUGHAM said the explanation was most sates. factory. THE LAW OF BANKRUPTCY. L - rd WHARNCLIFFS, on presenting a petition from Londein on this subject, said it was originally intended to have born presented by the late lamented Lord Ashburton. The subject was one of great importance to the trailing community. The petition had been founded on the resolu tions of various meetings held on the subject in the City of London, and which designated the bankruptcy and insol vency ;les as a disgrace to the country. Oat of 48 average cost, taken from the Coate of Bankruptcy, only 41,0001. had been collected, and after deducting the enormous charges of the Court of Bankruptcy, but 21000/ remained for the creditors, giving them a dt;idend of only do. is the pound. It ass found that the average number of bankruptcies in five years was 1,300; and the groat amount of bad debts yearly, owing man ay to the defective state of the bankruptcy laws, had been estimated to amount to no lets than 64,000,0001.. and the actual losses to 49,000.000 1 . The petitioners prayed that Name greater :powers might he given to the creditor. The noble lord proceeded to refer seriatim to the several paragraphs in the following petition : TO lilt shOu.T lIONOIDADL/ TUE LOMA ortarreax LTD TrMINIA3L or rat t SD DINSDOX or liltr-AT astral!. AND lIIALAND Ix rIALIA. lIANT AAOldlitED. The humble petition of the undereigned merchants, bankers, and trade. s of the metropolis, showeth,—That the wcltare of this i rest country is dependent owns trek and commerce; and that credit, or confidence between man and man, is au earential element of their existence. Thu it is the especial duty of the state to maintain credit in Ito integrity, ail effectually to discourage and punish its thewhaent or wilful abuse. That come, °nal credit, so far from being oustained by the hem is, on the contrary, almost wholly un supported by them ; and that d e pendenc e on the mercantile honour of the oniony which has contrioutei so much to its greatness is, from a defective system of legioation, Wilmot extinct. That et a public meeting of merchant., bankers, and traders of the metropolis, held in the month of February in the year 181;, It was unanimously rewasad, tun the existing bankruptcy y e a r inoolveney diegrace to this commercial age and country; that under their shelter, deceit, reckless trading, extravagamo, de:Monody, and every specks of fraud might be pr*Cnitel with impunity ; the debtor was demer-lbed, and the creditor unprotected ; that this impunity was steadily and merely undermining the commercial morality of the country ; that it was unjust in reference to society In general, and to the industrious clam-es in particular ; that under this prutectMol a profligate dealer, after destroying the fair trade of a d.striet, and ruining al in him mighbourboodonight, In etfcc., recommence businera awl repeat his coterie thin no or even In the mime dearict, with rearcelv a povibility of reckless career beiaa Mopped by the arm if juatice, or of any punishment being in flicted upon hum fur the the be had entailed upon others. That the upiaioa na A ciareseed how twin unhappily otrengtbunel be the numerous awl detaatroul failures which have since occurred, and which all moiidy attributable, us your mil:loner. canfidently se.ert to the absence of adequate and certain ptinaffintent for reckless and fraudulent traders. That the annual loos sustained by the country feast bad dales has Wen under-estimated at flue milltooa electing; that thb root amount is exclusive of the •crious injury to the Indus. trimw thaws by the reduction of wages, molting tram the system of selling at • lows, practised by dishoneat dealers, who truot to the pro. tectian and exemption team punishment note ..fforded them. That the preterit laws arpear to have been enacted for the pur pow of dealing with lIPUIVOICY aftrl nts takanof fi la r p d - ce, and not wi th the view to prevent that entree lag which lends to it—a prindple of legislation which your pwitinnent consider of vital imtortance to the safely of commerce. that your petitioners have long entertained the opinion that when inaolveney has Laken from wilful mioco.duct or extravagance, or where debts have been contractel in fraud, dishonesty, or without the reaouneLle Olin elation of ability to pay them, the debtor ohould be subjected to punishment for the injury lie him inflicted upon society, by unprisonalent in the common gaol: they therefore hailed with !eh-futon the rethanition of this princiaie in the County Courts Act, and are tail 11131111IUS of its retention to debt , of larger =mutt. That notwitbatenaling certain acts of hotel committed by bankrupts arc by law punishable no felonies or Mis/DIDIDI3Ors, yet the difficul ties and °banks in the way of convictio . are oath so aimed entirety to deter treat:ow from their prarecuton. That your petitioner, are of opinion that upon nonpayment of his demand the creditor ought to have every paa.ble facility of obtaining an immediate di,tribution of lib debtor's property, without the risk of further loss by Ito being made away with. That the CriiN which the trailing community have suffered by the raielition, in the year loos, of arrest for debt noon mesne turves base emeincel them that pro ma, agars: the person in the rim. in-Los IS a remedy which ought to be tut ir:COllit3l, but accompanied with precautions against mi.- use, Wad WILD IiaIIICADICAP tO the debtor to surrender himself to the Coutt of Baukrup cy. That it is the °aloha' of your petitioners that all a editors where debts shall have been proved, and oleo the as. signers, for the whole amount of the tank, not's, debts, should have I the right, of judgment creditor. ag-inot has pampa. That the aoutt sla mar bar, disci utionary power to refu.,, -upend, or withdraw its protection, now granted, aa of courae, t the bankrupt upon hat our render to the fiat ; and that such protectio, should be absolutely re. Noel or withdrawn whenever the debtor shall fail to show tat his bankruptcy has neaten otherwise than from fraud, gambling, wilful miscotaluel or extraruganoe, or in C.Pe of einethlment of or making away with his prop , rty or bdile, contracting rtaits without reasonable expectation of ability to pay them, or of 1,, c mind...ton of any offence, now punirlialie as felinies or matdemeanoro : that in the event of th.• tauikrupt being token in execution alter having ben thus declared me, orthy of protection he ohivial not be entitled to hi, release for three }VAN (OP maximum period of remind pet-cased by the insol vent DeMor,` Court), except by °rare of the commisoinner by whom hi- plat Stioll ,hail have been withdrawn. Taal tracing by unter tilicateslb mkruptie should be punished by revere penalties. That tae fees now paid co the Court of itananitacy, and which press mast heavily enoin set - ill rotates, should be red. eel. That the teat, which your petitioners deem an dnltteeurary source or delay, trouble, and expanse path which wan &stand to he so in tic report of the reirlb mentery commt ounces made in the yral III;, should be "Wished. That the remuneration to the otiteNti aa'ig'.ea torxighout the country -loneL he upon one Seale, to Dr by p .rhantent ; and, as a rest prcverni, of fraud, that they should prepare the ban ,rupt's Llano -sheet. a hat aeon the deaths of trederen and in default of apto•intment of executon or adinmistrutora, the Court of Hankrutecy should be empowema after proper notice, to elharibute tl.e effect, of the decearein 'that where conga , -ithRIA and other arringenentabetween debt. co and their creditorocannot bc otherwise cirri, d through, the conctirrence of the wfourths in number and value of the creditors (above 1,1,) should be binding upon the remainder, provided the arrangement be effected With the enuietion of the Court of Bankruptcy • and that an efficient . aegistration of all such dente, aa well so of bills of sale and mitt , sages to creditors should be kept. That full annual return should be a cede to parliament under every bankruptcy, of the amount of the d e .bas and Ibblities, the available maces and dividends, and other pa sticulara. That a consolidation of the numerous statutes 'rioting to bankruptcy is most desirable. That the above ouggeations of your pen . • tionert have on several occaoions loam Fulunittet, to parliament in the bore that the wanto of the trading chews upon this subject would have met with redress, but without coccus'. That your petitioners mule rased that the propriety of the union of the laws of bankruptcy and ii 'solvency is now under oonoideration r they beg to submit their 0111 n(" 3 as fa‘ourable to such a measure, awl to the removal of the distine 'arena which now prevail between the trader and the non-trader, and bet were the protections respectively granted by these court., pro eioeil due stem certain punishment be insured to the fraudulent, dio- Lomat, a nil e I , .ravagant ; at the 'same time, from the experience which your pelitior.er , have had of the serious Inconveniences resulting from the administration of came of insolvency, where the debts are of small amount, in the Court of Bankruptcy, they deem it most desirable that this chum of cams should be kept altogether Separate from thee of greater impostance. That your petitioners, in a-king for these im provements, declare It to be their opine°n that the operation attic law of bankruptcy ought to to such as to provide the greatest facilities , for the early didribution of the bankrupt's property ; that while it offers, on the one hand, a boon to the hinwt and unfortunate debtor In releasing him horn the oblutatione he bee voluntarily Wen rc I, it should, on the other hand, make it incum bent upon him to prove, :to a preliminary condition for obtainina that discharge at the expense of Ws unfortunate creditoas, that Ito aviou, con d uct and course of dealing had been such us to entitle him to it; !ailing which, lie •houbl be subjected to punish ment statabie ao the wrong he hao cominitted. Your petitioners con sider the above eraentiments in the law of debtor and creditor to he absolutely necewctry in order to litre this country ogntmnt the recur rence of nieretunile panic% whir they believe mainly to anew from the impunity attendant soon recletera trading and the consequent ham of conliffimee amongst the trading chiases; and that this impunity will render aboetive oh endeavours by the legislature to give stability to or to protest wade Irma v intent fluctuations @Untie+ tq THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JULY 19, 1848. those which occurred la the true 1823, 1836, 1841, and 1847 • and will ultimately effect the destruction of the middle and naluslriouti drum Your petitioners, therefore, humbly pray your lordships, without delay, to consolidate and amend the laws of lisokruptcy . In conformity with the above suggemiona Lord BROUGHAM supported the prayer of the petition to some extent, as he thought it was on the whole well wor thy of serious consideration. He was not, however, disposed to agree to all its recommendations, sa he more than doubted the policy of many of them. It was no compensation to a creditor to imprison his debtor, it sa me th an addition to his loss already incurred ; but at the time imprisonment for fraudulent conduct, or for extravagance, or for making away with or concealing property after insolvency, ough. to be resorted to as a punishment for crime, and as such its i n fliction was admitted as a principle in the administration of justice. All these subjects were well worthy of the most serious cmaideration on the part of the legislature, and would no doubt receive it, when any comprehensive reform of the bankruptcy laws came before the houses ot parliament. The LORD CHANCELLOR said it would be premature at present to enter into any discussion on the laws of bank ruptcy. Theta was no doubt that the allegations of the petition deserved the moat serious attention and inquiry. The petiticui wan then receiv , d, and was ordered to be referred to the committee on the bankruptcy laws. The house adjourned at 7 o'clock. HOUSE OF COMNIONS.—TuraDAY, JULY 18. The Braksza took the chair at 12 o'clock. PRIVATE. BUSINESS. THIRD READINGS.— Vadailes (Orphan Working S c hool) Charity Estate; New Grand Canal Company (Ireland) (No. 2); Bills. lAMDS' AMENDMENTS CONSiDEßED.—BUrnliaand Harbour Improvement; London and South Western Railway Company and Southampton foul Dorchester Railway Cornpauy Amulgumation Bills. PUBLIC RUSINE.S.S. COMMlTTEES.—Consulldated Fund (3,00,0001.) ; Highways; AirrioNs.—riy Mr. CHRISTOPHER, from an extensive pro prietor of land in Lincolnshire, complinaing of the mode of unsosing the land tax.—Mr. GREENE, from the Wakefield turnpike trust, on the subject of the Turnpike 'lnuits Bill.—Sir J. Y. BULLER, from the Stanton board of guardians, in favour of systematic emigration.- - Col. DENNE, from the Portarliagton board o f guardians, against the ,:h Poor - laii. hi NOTICE OF MOTION.—Svoax Arta' Dna- —Lord 0. Illil4- Tlloieli, in committee on this bill, to more as a protection to British against foreign sugar refiners, tho following amendments : —ln the third schedule, viz., on zugar or mola-ves, the growth and product of any foreign country, and on all sugar or Mular , Se.4 not otherwise charged with duty, for the otescvnding scale of duties ttsmetively pro moted In the baton "tenor, brown. or white double-refined sugar, or sugar soposi is quality to double-reined, for every ewe."—amt on " other refined sugar, or sugar rendered by any proms , equal in qua. lity thereto, for every cwt.' —to substitute a fixed duty of 0. 16s. on the tirst claim and a flied duty of 11. 12s. id. too tha second class of the above sugars. EVICTED TENANTS (IRELAND) BILL. Sir G. GREY brought up the report of the committee ap pointed to confer with the Lords relative to the alterations in the Evicted Tenants Bill. NEW HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT. In answer to a question from Mr. EWART, Mr. GREENE stated that the new House of Commons would contain on the ground tl or 318 sittings, and in the 'galleries 130, allowing 21 inches to each member, making 443 in all, while in the present house the entire accommoda tion amounted to only 380 sitting•. The division lobbies would be larger than in the present house. HIGHWAYS BILL. On the order for the committee on the Highways Bill being read, Sir IL NV ILLOIIOIIIII7 objected to the bill as calculated to press heavily on the agricultural interest. At a time when the British farmer was about to be forced into competition with all the world, it was hardly lair to impose new burthens on him. Mr. G. HEATIICOTE felt bound, in consequenc of nu merous representations from influential constituents, to op. pose the further progress of the bill. Th-t farmers dreaded increaaed expense from new commissioners, and great incon venience from the system of centralisation contemplated by the bill. Ile thought that at least the bill should be made permissive and optional instead of compulsory as at present intended. II any member moved for postponement he should feel bound to support the motion. Mr. CHRISTOPHER defended the bill, and reminded the house that it differed miterially from the measure of last year. That bill was open to the objection of centralisation and paid commissions, and for that reason he hid opposes' it. But the present measure left the contr .1 of the highways generally t s the local authorities. Ile trusted that govern ment would persevere with it. as nothing could possibly be more obit ctionable than the present condition of the high. waysof England. (Hear, hear.) Mr. RICE supportA the bill, but hoped that the mead nery might be made less cumbrous and expensive. After an observation from Lord GALWAY, which did not reach the gallere, Sir G. GREY complained of the opposition, seeing that government hal undertaken the conduct of the bill in defe rence to the wish , of the house. If one party objected centralisation, and another to lolnca' control, the end would be,to that there would be no improvement of the highways at all. Mr. HENLEY aid that the people generally knew no thing shout the bill. It had been be ore a sel, et committee which had completely altered it, and now the house was called upon to pass is, having had only two or three days for inspection and consideration. He feare ' that the machinery would create great delay, and that the present officers would be dead before the new ones were fairly inducted into their places. lle hoped the bill would be postponed till next ses sion, when it was probable some measure would be passed in respect to the turnpike roads, which, as the railway system became more fully developed. required new regulations, es pecially in regard to the staff maintained, which WWI the same as when the revenue was much greater. lie would not say whether the two questions of highways and turnpike trusts should be amalgamated or not; but at all events that was a subject for grave consideration before they decided upon imposing upon the country such a cumbrous machinery as this bill sought to establish. Unless the bill was so altered as to allow it to be put into operation in parts of counties, or in the whole, so might be moat deiira^le, he shoul4 feel it his duty to move that the measure be put off till that day six month', and he would conclude by musing an amendment to that effect, which he said he would press, unless the right hen. gentleman could give an assurance as to :he point to which ho had alluded. Sir U. GREY said it was impossible for him to give any assurance as ti what might he done with a clause which bad not yet been considered in committee. Mr. It. PALMER was of opinion that the measure oug'it to be delayed until next session. Sir W. HEATHCOTE should vote for going into com mittee, as he objected to raising debates at this stage on a hill which had already been considered by a select committee ; but unless the measure was materially altered he should op pose it at the third reading. Mr. HODGES was in favour of p +opening the bill, many of the provisions tit which he thought most objectionable. Mr. DRUMMOND condemned the measure generally, as another mode of increasing the public debt. Mr. C. LEWIS recommeuded that they should go into committee, when the objections to the several details night be considered. He denied that the machinery of the bill was expensive; on the contrary, ha believed that by appointing paid and responsible officers to manage the highways in each district, a positive saving would he affected. Should the house hereafter pass a meaeure on the subject of turnpike roads, he believed the machinery of this bill might, without any mate rial alteration, be adapted to it. Mr. NEWDEGATE urged that the principle of the mea sure, as re-introduced, had not yet been discussed, sad that up in a measure which so changed the existing law ample opportunity fur discussion should be given befdre they were called upon to assent to it. He hoped government would not press legislation far the mere purpose of legislating, end that because leg;slstion had not been rapid enough during the session they would not :once a measure like the pretent, whieli was as oejectionable for what it di I not an for what it did, prematurely through the house. Until ho h..d full opportunity t f considering all the provisions of the bill he for one must distinctly refuse t r proceed with it. lie par ticularly objected to the means of givl .g employment on the highways in periods of depression in manufacturing dis.ricte, like the one with which he was connected, being taken away, as they would he by this bill. Mr. BROTHERTON thought the bill a great improve ment on the present tirtem, and that it would lay the groundwork tor further improvement with regard to turn pike roads. Mr. BUCK supported the amendment, an ! stroagly con dem ed the practice of adding to the expensesof the country by hills of this nature. Mr. C. LEWIS, in answer to an observation from Mr. DAVIN, intimated chat it was intended to bring in a separate hill err the six South Welsh counties. SirJ. DUCK WORTH admitted that the bill wauld effects great change in the law for regulating highways, and if that change was objected to of course the objection went to the principle of the measure ; but he thought it would be &hi rable, seeing that the subject had been now before parliament for two years, and as the select committee had been unani mous iii favour el this Timms; that they should go into com mittee and endeavour to arrive at a satistactory settlement of the question during the present session. lie was decidedly of opinion that the measure, by introducing a uniform sys tem, would lessen the expense. Mr. SLANEY supported the bill as a measure of eco nomy and general advantage, and as substituting a certain, &scientific, and uniform system for one that was uncertain, unskilled, and varying according as suited the convenience of the farmers to whose management the highways were now entrusted, and who were changed every year. Mr. O. GORE denied that, under the present system, the officers who managed the highways were changed every year, though their accounts were required to be made up and pre sented twice in every year. He thought it was due to the agriculturists that they should have an opportunity of fully considering this measure betore it was forced upon them. He would cf nsent to go into committee, provided govern ment would not press the bill further during the present session. ' The house divided—For going into committee 88 For the amendment The house then went into committee. Clause I was postponed. Clause 2 was agreed to after some verbal amendments. On clause 3 being proposed, Capt. PECHELL suggested that in all county boards the memle re for the several boroughs in such county should be ex officio members of the board. Mr. G. C. LEWIS did not attach any importance to the rettntiou of ex officio members of the board. Sir J. TROLLOPE thought that it would be better not to have any ex officio members of the county board, but that they should be elected by their brethren at the quarter se.tarns. Mr. PALMER (Berkshire) concurred in the opinion ex. pressed by the hon. baronet. Mr. R. DRUMMOND, Mr. CHRISTOPHER, Mr. NEWDE. GATE, Sir J. DUCKWORTH, and Lord GALWAY expressed similar opinions. Mr. DRUMMOND (Surrey) moved to strike out the words " knights of t;10 Shire ima Ike ex officio members of the boards. Mr. GREENE also moved the exclusion from the board of the lord lieutenant and the vice lieutenant of the county. A discussion ensued upon the three amendments, which were before the committee at the same time. Mr. HENLEY objected that it these ex officio members were excluded the boards would be eonstitutid of too small a number to secure to hem the confidence of the public. Sir W. JOLLIFFE supported the clause in its present form, but suggested the propriety of adding the chairmen of quarter sessions to the ex officio members of the hoard. Lord INGEST RE. was in favour of the exclusion of all ex officio members. Mr. O. C. LEWIS said that seeing the feeling of the com mittee he was willing to consent to the emission of the words in the clause which constituted the lord lieutenant, vice lieutenant, and knights of the shire ex officio members of the county boards. lie did not think it necessary to increase the number of memheis; twelve would be quite sutficient. Mr. HENLEY contended that the clause had better be postponed, in order to afford time to consider what number would be proper to constitute. the board. The ATTORNEY GENERAL said that that could be done on the report, and tturetore it was unnecessary to poet pone the clause. The gallery way cleared, but no division took place. The amendment for striking out the lord lieutenants and deputy lieutenants was agreed to after a conversation. Mr. FREWEN moved the insertion in clause 3 of the words " eastern and western divisions of the county of Sussex" alter tha words •' coun'y of Lincoln." Captain PEC HELL moved that the chairman report pro gress, which was agreed to without a division. The house resumed, and immediately afterwards adjourned till 5 o'clock. The SPEAKER resumed the chair at 5 o'clock, when an hon. member moved that the house be counted : 31 mem ben only le log present the house stood necessarily ad ourned until to-morrow (this day). PA RL 1.4 MENTA RY DIVISION. LiOU'IE OF COMMONS.— 141.7 M , Sice. ' I)UTIER. Proteins commlltee be favour of the following irsolutione : That ' in lieu of the duties of customs now chargeable:on the mtieles under mentioned, imported into the United Ralph., the following duties , shall be :barged, viz.: Spirits, or strong watersevery gallon of such spirits or strong waters, of any strength not cmulvling the strength of tumid by Sykes' hydrometer, cud rat in Fr:portion for any greater or lees strength than the strength proof, and fur any greater or low quantity than a piton. vit. : —Spirits, or stron • waters, the produce of any British plantation in America, not being sweetened spirits, or spirits mixed with any te title so that the degree of strength thereof cannot be exactly ascertained by such hydrometer, if imported into t:ngtunil (the gallon), Ms. Zit ; Scot land, 45.; Ireland, ;is. Rum, the produce of any British Ilsi.e.Bloll within the limits of the East Irdtu Company's charter, not being sweetened spirits, or spirits so mixed as ate...said, in regard to which the comhtions of the act 4 Vie., c. s, have or &all have been fulthled, if iintallted Otto England (the gallon), 24.; Scotland, 4a. ; Ireland. 3s. Rum Shrub, however sweetened, the prod condi.uce of and Imported from such poweastorts, in regard to which the lions of the art I Vie. c. a. had or shall have Well !Killed, or the produce of or imported from any British pos.ension in Am inll d, erica, imported into England (the gallon). no. AL; U.; an 3e.—Ayes, 1 ; Noes, 37. AYES. Abdy, T. N. Ebrington. Vim. Jervis, Sir J. RAKE!, Sir J. Anson, Iln. Col. Elliot, Him. J. E.Labouchere, It. Rurnbold, C. E. Arks - right, O. limns, sir D. L. Lacy. It. C. Russell, Loral J. Armstrong, IL 14Fitagerald, W. R.Lascelles, 11n. W Rutherford, A. Baines, M. T. Fitzroy, Hon n. Lewis, %LC. 'Surdas% J. Itarkly, I Foley, .1. 11. 11. Littleton, lion. E.Scholelteld, W. Baring, S i. ir FT. Freestun, Col. Lockhart, A. F- /ironer, 11. K. Bellew, It XL Frewen, C. 11. Mackinnon, W. Shelburne, Earl Berkeley, Cant. Glyn, G. C. Marshall, J. G. Si 1111•011, .1. Birch, Sir T. It. Godwin, R. Kellerman, J. *mien ille, Bowiicir, Or. Goulburn, 11. Matheson, Cot. Speartiom, Boyle, lion. Col. Graham, Sir J. Mmle, Itt. lin. F.Tolbot, C. R. K. Itruckmun, E. D.Greene, T. Miles, P. W. S. Thickness, R. A. Bretherton, J. Grey. Sir G. Milner W.M.E. Thompson, OK Browri, W. Grey, It. W. Morpeih, Vise. Thornely, T. Buller, C. Grosvenor. Lal IL:Morns, D. Turner, 0.1. Cardwell, E. Hall, Sir It. Mostyn, lln.E.M.Tynte, Carew, W. 11. P.llallyburton, Isl Ogle S.C. 11. Willcox, B. Cavendish, C.C. Ilardurstle, J. A. p.RA, Lord C. Willillllll l , J. Chililere, J. W. Mastic, A. Paget, Lord G. Willuughby,Sirll Compton, lI.C. Hawes, IL Palmerston, ViS. Wilson, J. Cowper,lln.W.E.llsyter, W. G. Parker, J. Wilson, M. Craig, Sr. G. henry', A. Fatten, J. %V. Wood, Sir C. Dashwood, G. 11.1lervey, Lord A. PecluU, Ca,,t. Wood, W. P. Deciles, W. Heywood, J. Pigott, F. Wylit, J. Douglas, Sir C. F.llobhouse, Sir J. Pilkington, J. Wyvill, Duckworth, SirJ.llubhouse, T. It. P inne y , W. er.1.1.110. Penult, J. Howard, C.W.G.Raphitel, A. Tanen. Mr. Dundas, Admiral Howard, Iln.J.K.lticardo, O. Itich, Mr. Dundee., Sir 0. Howard, P. It. Rice, E. it. NOES. Angie', T. C. Duncan, Ingnstre, Vise. Scully, F. ArcluLdl, Capt. Fagan, W. Jowm, L%ipL SibMorp, Col. Italdmk, E. It. Elope, J. TPI (rotor. J. Mart, 11. G. Bentinek, Id. CAA's, It. M. Mennen, W. Sullivan, XI. Butler, P. S. Galway, Vise. Roney., Str D. Taylor, T. V. Call .Khan, D. theme, Nugent, stir P. Tyrell, hir .1. T. Chichester, laird Grogen, E. O'Connell, M. J. Wad :ington, IL Cole, lion. 11. llalrey, T. P. Reynold., J. Crawford, W. S. Hayes, Sir F.. tiadlcir, J. Ilitsteh, Mr. Devereuz, J. T. Herbert, IL A. Scott. Hon. P. Dunne, Cot. - - DCBLIN ELECTION COMMITTEE, TESTERDAT.—An on the preceding day legal arguments took up the entire titling. - - the erpregifi. The overland mail. for Gibraltar, Malta, Greece, the lonian Wand., Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, Indie, Hong-Kong, and China, riu South:ion.- ton, will be made up the morning of the loth July. The mails for liriti4h North Anwrica, tool the United States, will be mute up on the evening of the 21. t July. The overland elo. , ed mail., ria Marreille., to the Mediterranean, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, Hung-Kong, I. e., will be made up on the evening t if the 24th July. The mail. for Vigo, linnet°, Li.bon, Madeira, Cadiz, and Gibraltar will be node up on the morning of the 2lth July. The mad. for New South Wale., Van theme. Land, and New Zealand will be mole up on the evening of the :MA July. The mails to the Went Ozent of Africa and Madvirn will be made op on the evening of the 21/4 July. The Went Intim Muds, including Permutla, Nantem, Havanna, Windom., New Orleans, Vern Cruz, Tampieo, and Porto Woo, and excluding thute for Madeira, Joemel, Carthagen Santa Martha, Chagre., Panama, Wert Coast of South Antenca, and St. Juan-de. Nicaragua, will be nude up on the morning of the lnd August. The I Imiitt Inc the Brazil% the Itiver Plate, *tote Video, Pernam buco. Labia, Madeira, and Bueno. Ayres, will be made up on the evening of the 4th August. NOTICE TO ADVEIVTIBEES. Tue number of STAMPS issued by the authorities of the Stamp-office, during 1847, to the DAILY NEWS was 3.447.009 This, we believe, is within eight per cent. of the numbee osued to the .I.iurning !Jerald, Yarning ad.: Vormng I'M, ALL PUT TOOETHEIL In addition to th.• share, issued to tire DAILY NEWS, Ifc.rniteg Paver, there were issued for the Eveptial tideion, TUR E Xl' YiY.SS 770,714 Which was ►.tore, we believe, then were Issued r to •he (are o► Mondani, 6•c"iny Papers. MIU 14 VI ATV tt AT 1.0..1.i1h 61411 , 0 K. Tele 11 , 4 v —Mug ohs,. 52 mat.. 4.1. 3 Allnn. I ~per 4. To.ounsum—hlors. ,, 31 mla pot 4. totavn...4 5l m c. put 4. LONDON,IVEDNES DA Y, JUL Yl9 IN the House of LonDs yesterday the subject re cently referred to in the House of Commom, as to the importation of diseased sheep from the north of Europe, was brought ander con ideration by the Duke of ItteirmoND, the Marquis of LANSDOWNE replying that every precaution was taken for the purpose of preventing diseased animals being admitted by the custom-house officers. Under existing arrangements ill imported sheep were inspected by . vete' inary sur geons, and were subjected to quarantine regulations; but he was not prepared to say that an order in coun cil might not be necessary to stay the evil of which the noble duke complained, or which due le gislative notice would be given.—Lard Ihronunem complained that a gentleman connected with the Board of Trude, who was al-o understood to be the editor of a wen kly journal, had been enabled to pub lish a public document noi.. communicated to the other papers ; but, after an explanation from Earl GRAN var,N, which the noble Gnd learned lord considered perfectly satisfactory, the subject dropped.—Lord WiIARNCLIFFIS presented a petition from the mer chants, bankers, and traders of the metropolis, praying for the conaitheation and amendment of the bank ruptcy laws, which, after some observations from Lord Ileouctrtm and the LORD Cinecehhort, was referred to the committee sitting on that subject, and their lordships adjourned. In the House of Comatoes, which met at twelve o'clock, Lord GEORGE BENTINCK gave notice that he should move in committee on the Sugar Duties Bill, that on sugar or molasses the growth and produce of I any foreign country, and on all sugar or molasses not otherwise charged with duty , for the descending I scale of duties respectively proposed in the bill on " candy, brown, or white double-refined sugar, or sugar equal in quality to double refine?, for every cwt., —;" "and on other refined sugar, or sugar renered by any process equal in quality thento, for every cwt, —;'' to substitute a fixed duty of 1/. 16s. on the first class, and of 1/. 12s. Gd. on the second class, of the above sugars.—The question of going into committee on the Highways Bill led to a debate and a division, when the motion was carried by majority of 51, the numbers 88 to 34. The committee had made little progress with the bill when Capt. I'ECIIELL moved that the chairman do report pro gress, which was egreed to, and the house resumed and adjourned until a o'clock. At that hour, when the house requires to be re-made by the presence of '0 members, only 31 were counted, and it stood ne cessarily adjourned until this day. THE more reasonable class of the opponents of re form do not attempt to defend the present constitu tion of parliament by any very confident appeal to its fruits ; they find little to say in recommendation of the sort of government, or the sort of governors, which unable Ild are beat give u r ta tt b e t t a lg mended by giving a more democratic character to the popular branch of the legislature. The fault, they say, is in the country itself ; in the national education; Voirpersuadnto ttge in the state of th e p ublic mind ; not in the constitu tion of parliament. If our statesmen are without ideas and without p ur p oses, weak, passive, opinion less; if they have neither head nor heart to face the difficulties of any great question ; it they rarely aspire to leave any of the larger interests of the people they profess to govern in a better condition than they found them ; this is not (in the opinion of some persons) the fault of the men, so much as of the age and country, which have not produced better men, or have produced them only as scattered, obscure individuals, quite as likely to be overlooked by a numerous con stituenc y as by a narrow one. If the classes who now rule in par liament are so deficient in the qualities which should belong to rulers , do th e masses possess them ? The knowledge, the vigour of intellect, the freedosh m from prejudice, the judgment undivided by selfi ness or partiality, which we so deeply deeiderate in the rich and high-born, do we find them in the poor? That clear-sighted justice and high-minded generosity, combined with practical resource, which the times demand—without which this great transitional pe riod in opinions and institutions may be lengthened out in fruitless oscillations—what reason have wo to flatter ourselves tleit these endowments, which we seek vainly among our so-called educated classes, will be found in the untaught delegates of the factory and the workshop ? Is it not much, and more than we can expect, if those for whom society has done nothing, prove no worse than those on whom it has lavished all its means of instruction and improve ment? This objection assames, as the natural and intended effect of popular institutions, that the crude opinions and unguided instincts of the working classes would be the directing power in the state. We have. no such expectation from any extension of the franchise. Reformers have always maintained, and the examle of France is now before us to show, that views p of things taken from the peculiar position of the working classes are not likely to pre dominate, or to have at al more than their just influence, even in a legislature chosen by universal suffrage. After a re volution made by workmen, not twenty =embers in an assembly of nine hundred are working men. Scarcely in our own parliament do opinions with any semblance of an anti -property character meet with a more hostile reception; and it is evident that the errors of the assembly are more likely to be on the side of conservatism than of revo lution. Then what has France gained, it may be asked, or what would England gain by the admission of the working classes to the franchise ? A gain be- yond all price, the efliwts of which may not show themselves in a day, or in a year, but arc calculated to spread over and elevate the future. This gain does not consist in turning the propertied classes out of the I government and transferring it to the unpropertied, but in compelling the propertied classes to carry it on in a manner which they shall be capable of justifying to the unpropertied. Grant but a democratic suffrage, and all the con ditions of government are changed. Whoever may be the rulers, the interest of the great mass of the community must then stand foremost among the actuating principles in the conduct of public affairs. The legislature must from that time make both the real and the apparent interests of the moat numerous AMAMI an object of incessant solicitude; and when ever it does things which are opposed to those appa rent interests, it must defend them by reasons drawn from the interests of those same classes, and appeal ing to their understandings. The consequences of this would be incalculeble. The discussions of par liament and of the press would be, what they ought to be, a continued course of political instruction for the working classes. Let those classes be es ignorant, prejudiced, .passionate as any one may choose to represent them ; let them be full of all sorts of pre possessions agaiest property and order—those aho are interested in property and order would feel all the more strongly that their safety depended on en lightening that ignorance, prejudice, and passion. One of the first measures of the democratic govern ment of France has been a bill to bestow gratuitous education, at the expense of the state, upon the whole rising generation of the French peop le. Where the poorest have votes, the richest can no longer be in- I different to the state of their mental cultivation. To educate the whole community up to the highest point attainable is not then a matter of choice but of fortu nate necessity. This, however, is only one, and the most obvious, of the benefits which would mite from making the labouring masses a great power in the state. Nothing can be imagined which would tend so much to regene rate the intellectual vigour of the classes, who are now letting the powers of government perish in their hands from mere mental feebleness. Every one who knows history or the human mird is aware, that powerful in tellects and strong characters are formed by conflict, and that the times which have produced brilliant de velopments of mental accomplishment in public sta tions have been those in which great principles and important social elements have been fighting each other hand to hand—times of struggle for national independence, political freedom, or religious emanci pation. The present age'also is an age of struggle between conflicting principles svhics it is the work of this fine, and perhaps of many generations more, to bring into a just relation with one another, The conflict now going on is between the instincts and immediate interests of the propertied classes and those of the unpropertied. This opposition of inte rests—partly meal, partly only apparent—is at present the grand difficulty of government. All other ques tions with which governments have yet begun to occupy themselves, are difficult chiefly by their con nexion with this. Now, of those two opposing forces —neither of which can be disregarded, neither of which can or ought to triumph over the other, but which it is the grand business of government to attempt to reconcile—one only is represented in the British parliament. The ministry, be it what it may, exclusively represents t...e propertied classes; and the two houses of parliament aro unanimously on the same &de of the quest on as itself. It has to make out a case to the sutistuction solely of its own party. The murmurs of the other party it only hears at a distance, and is under no greater necessity of attending to them than the cabinet of a despot. There are no recognised organs for that other power, no way in which it can show itself aboveground, and the extent of its subterrancons working will therefore only be known when some day, AS at Vienna, it ex plode a and blows up the whole fabric of society. Is it not of old one of the principal and acknow ledged uses of parliament, that all which agitates and divides society should make itself felt by a correspond ing agitation and division there? Ought notparliament to be the place of discussion for adverse interests and principles, the arena where opposing forces should meet and fight out their battle, that they may not find themselves reduced to fight it in a less pacific field? If so, the British parliament does not fulfil its office ; for the vital question with which all Europe rings, and whicti fills every thinking mind, both in Et.gland and on the continent, with anxiety—the question how to make the rights of property acceptable to the unpro pertied classes, is unheard of in that assembly, which it ought more than anything else to occupy ; and the subjects which engross parliamentary de bates, compared with the great and urgent interests of the nation, form a contrast as full of irony, as the Byzantine multitude occupying itself wits the factions of the circus when ArritA was at their gates. So it will be until the rulers of the country have to meet face to face in parliament the representatives of those interests and feelings of which they arc now ignorant, or from which they supereihously turn aside. They have to learn the difficult but necessary act of looking at established institutions and opinions from the point of view of those who are not on the sunny but on the shady side of the social edifice. Defects by which other people alone suffer are seldom seen until the sufferers point them out. When the unpropertied are fairly represented in the House of Commons, their just claims will, for the first time, obtain a really im partial hearing, and their unreasonable demands will, also for the first time, be so resisted as not to leave a stinging sense of injustice behind. Tim latest, and to the earnest and indomitable host who every morning invade the City the most interest ing example of revolution, is the re-action in Capel court. In three weeks consols have risen five per cent. In the space of a month the sinister influences of half a year have apparently been cleared away. The confident hopes of April have suddenly emerged from the cloud which obscured them during May and June, and if a concurrence of prospe.— symptoms constitutes the fact of prosperity, it would be difficult to prove that at the present moment we are not a thriving people. But if we accept so agreeable a conclusion, let us bo sure that it has a broader and a safer foundation than the strength of nerve, or the vagaries of fancy, which may happen to animate the gigantic Bulls and Bears of Bartholomew move in s ympathetic but scarcely in parallel channels, and the event is too recent to permit us to forget that the attainment of consols to par was contemporaneous not with a prosperous industry, but with a plethora of capital—not with a demand for work, but with a de mand for mortgages. The lucky speculators who pa -1 terday sold at 89 the commodity they bought at 8.1 arc beholden for their good fortune to a somewhat similar cause. The recipients of the dividends can meet with no encouragement in Lombard-street ; and the very people who i n the dark days of last October were earnest suppliants for money at 12 per cent. are now with difficulty persuaded to undertake the charge of it at little more than 2. In this country, the great refuge of the destitute rich is the national debt. When merchants have no bills to discount because they have no business to transact, and landowners have no drains to dig nor debtors to discharge which they can not readily achieve through the country paper, the only haven for provident pensioners, courts of law and in surance directors, is to bid against each other for an additional fraction of that fabulous possession which apparently has been created for their especial conve nience and the dismay of financial reformers. In dull and 'regnant times a rise of the funds is anything but a propitious symptom; and wo repeat that if, at this moment, ne could discoverdiscoverno , sounder reason for satisfaction than the recent events ou the stock exchange, we should regard the conjuncture as better suited for warning than congratulation. To those whom business or taste has led to observe with minuteness the course of commercial affairs during the last three or four months, it has been evi dent that, with the fulfilment of ono or two main conditions, the revival of trade was essentially a question of time. The conversion of the domestic anarchy of the continental kingdoms into a state of international war would have delayed but would not have prevented the return of activity among the people of these islands. The occurrence of another year of famine within the limits of our esti shores, or extensively within any portion of that sphere which we habitually fill, would have restrained much more effictually the advent of a brighter season. As the facts stand at present, both these contingencies have been resolved in our favour. The disorganisation of every industrial system, from the Sound to the Straits of Gibraltar, could not easily be more complete than it is. But hitherto the ope rations of a neutral and more happily circumstance people have not been impeded by the suspicions and the impedimenta of actual hostilities. Berlin has been deserted by its brokers ; Lyons has no longer a silk weaver ; and Germany has sent us no small part of its capital and its skill. At the present moment these violent chancres are beginning to produce their effect. The people of the continent have not discarded their taste for Manchester cottonsi and Birmingham hardware osthey have discarded their ancient order of polities. They consume not so much I certainly as before, hut their wants are still consider able, and it is assuredly the fact that throughout Christendom there is only one quarter from whence these wants can be supplied. It is a most egregious fallacy to infer an extinction of trade from a state of warfare. In 1809 we exported more goods to the continent of Europe than to all the other countries of the world put together. The forty years which have elapsed since that notable crisis have not accomplished many changes more full of significance ;than the gradual redistribution of our export trade. Our manufacturing pliulation no longer depend upon the casualties of European for tune. We have raised up an empire in Asia, and we have planted colonies in Australia and across the Atlantic, which now absorb of themselves as vast a volume of enterprise and wealth as then found vent within the entire limits of the continent ; and it is not a presumptuous opinion to suppose that at no great dis tance of time the relative as well as the positive mos.- Initude of these two sources of demand--comparing past and present—will be alike. As we now stand, the export trade to the colonies absorbs 28 per cent., and the export trade to Europe absorbs 38 per cent., of the gross results of our foreign outward commerce. It was the sudden and extensive suspension of so large a part of this 38 per cent. of our experts which rendered the opening months of 1818 so emphati cally a period of depression. The collaps e was as 'sharp and decisive as the extraordinary events which produced it. It was not a diminution; it was an extinction for a time. Men did not buy one yard instead of four. They ceased to buy altogether. This state of things is now disappearing, and hence our improved condition. If the army of the Alps was to be admitted into Italy by the success of RADF.TSKI there might be • sudden, but it would only be a temporary, reaction. A nation cannot long be idle which happens to be the only emporium from whence mankind can assuage their hunger and clothe their nakedness. There still remains the problem of the ha. vest; and we arc much more solicitous as to the solution of this uncertainty than of any other. It certainly would be h zardous to affirm that there are no reasons for apprehension. But this is not the first nor the fortieth time that the material welfare of the British people for at least a twelvemonth hung upon the fickle range of the barometer and the inexplicable alternations of solar heat. If we pass through this dilemma without damage we may con gratulate ourselves for the surest re.a.ons, for mankind arc beginning . to discover that the moat gigantic na tional calamities are the calamities of dearth. Tnere is something to be said to the dogmatical party who ascribed all the events of last year to the absorption of capital in railways; but that something must be said another time. the I To Tlle NIEMOIRR OP THE BRITI,aI GOVIIILNMEN — In accordance with the sentiments unammonslyexpressed e e a meeting of the English workmen, convened for th a t pose in the English church at St. Pierre Its ClilliP.()a - thi ; day, March 21, 1848, the following memorial is respectfully presented to your lordships. The object of your memorial. fists is to direct your attention to the singular arid *d e l circumstances in which they are placed by th, h arm which hue been effected in the government of this at e . — The present state of money affairs in this c ,„ 4 added to the entire want of confidence in the P - 4 - h mind, has reduced trade in es ery de p artteer tto a perfect stand, and consequently left your atema rialtsts without the means of obtaining a liv e .. for themselves and families; it is, also, with regret they feel it their duty to inform your lordihips tkat• recent events have c Iled forth feelings of a h•stile c ars & ter on the part of the French towards the English , wlu ' ee aa hoped had long cased to exist, thus rendering our poeigau 0110 of both insecurity and destitution. We, thErefore, fire. pi e ce you, as the rulers of the country which gav e 11l birth , to take our care into your serious and immediate eotsiden tion. Gloomy as are cur prospects here we nil elsoricesa that our return to England would present no brielrer " tare, as from the paralyeed state of trade there it bold, oat not the slightest hope of our obtaining employment, ff: th. refore, we return to England, it will be w it h t h e rer " lain prospr et of becoming a burden to our Collatryrnetl. Safi inmates of the already too overerovreed werkh Raving, there:ore, put you in possestion of the above heti we take the liberty of suggesting the following plus by which you can render us effectual a.siestince. Tee ph:, A propose is emigration to one of the British colonies (South Australia preferred), where workmen are scarce and labour wanted, our experience here having shown us the great advantage they possess who live under the protection on the British government. We, your niemorialiets, pledge oar. *elves to be men of g -cid moral eherseter and nothadrimo habits, in the full possession of health and strength, and aye whose feelings revolt at the idea of becoming & burden l e their native land. lf, therefore, you can provide us with means of free emigration we shall cheer„ ally see, ' , te m, accept them; but if, uufortunately, is not in your I mre , to grant our request on these condi ions, we are quite eating to enter into en engagement to refund a part or whole of the expense incurred, alter our arrival, in any way which yeti is your discretion may think fit. Should 'the prayer of you memorialists he granted you will confer a benefit upon body of men who will in after lite look back wish heartfelt gratitude te those who now rule the destinies of their native land.—Signed on behalf of the meeting. At the moment of the receipt of this interesting document a committee of nohlemen and gentlemen was forming in London to afford assistance to the British workmen, refugees from France, who might arrive destitute upon their native shun. s. Lord po, MERSTON, we believe, sent the memorial of the Cala workmen to that committee, with an arearance that should they be able to assist these unfortunates, the government would be glad to co-operate. On the same night that this memnrial was received the committee despatched to Calais a geutlttnanin whom they placed confidence with instructior.s to me the workmen and report respecting them. This ges- I Semen called the workmen together, ad on tie re- I turn reported to the committee and tie government all the circumstances connected with them. As it sp. peered that a very large proportion were natty,' GI Nottingham, who, if forced to return to England, would be legally chargeable to that parish, the arse gentleman was forthwith despatched to that town with credentials from the ll,me-office and the committee, and instructionsto lay the facts before the principal inhabitants. The mayor of Nottingham immediately I called a meeting upon the subject ; and although in I consequence of the depressed state of the locality some difficulty was at first felt in rai-ing a local seibserip tion, yet the claims of humanity and township pre. I railed, and nearly GOO/. was collected to assis the committee in London in sending these poor Calais workmen to another scene of labour. The committee, thus encouraged, set themselves energetically . to work. Arrangements were made with the Emigration Board. The excellent consul at Calais, Mr. BONHAM, devoted his entire leisure I to the arduous duty of preparing many hundred almost destitute people for a six months' voyage. Local committees, to provide outfits, were formed by the British residents at Calais and Boulogne. Steamers were sent by the government to bring the people to the liver, and since April we believe that between SW and 900 of these emigrants have been despatched from the Thames to Sydney, Port Phillip, and (a few) to Adelaide. It was from one of the ships thus freighted that those heartfelt shouts proceeded which we have described as awakening the Gravesend echoes. A deputation from the committee lied visited the vessel —had inspected all her arrangements—had satisfied themselves that We emigrants were suitably and com fortably provided—and had ad.'ressed them a few farewell words of consolation for t! , e past, and cheer ,n advice as to the ,uture. That such words did not fall on heedless or unprofitable care, will be felt by all who read the following affecting address subscribed by the emigrants' com mittee, and forwarded to those through whose exer tions these poor people have been rescued from prim- Lion in a foreign land, to become, as we hope and con fidently believe, useful and succe‘sful labourers in new scene of enterprise and energy : My Lards, —Being about to take what may perhaps he a final leave of our native land, we take this opportunity of convening to et who have assisted in the rod work, our heartfelt thanks fix your truly . noble conduct towards as. Situated as we were in a foreign land, where a paralysed trade and a total loss of public confidence, the inevitable era sequences of revolution and dia•reb r, hal reduced us to t state of fearful destitution, God only knows wiiat might bats been our fates, had not your lordships, with that g nevem promptitude which characterises the gentlemen of England, .7 , a n n o t g ed fr t o o m us t y h o e u co r assistance. seiousn.. Woefk having ttotha . .nt(titohrenee,fele,glidoodi;asbseuhit ot will to natures such as yours be a sutfidi. this te assured,that as we shall leave this country full of hops for the future, 11-) >hall we leave it with hearts that will be tilled with gratitude towards you till they canoe to brat. We hope and trust that it will please the Great Disposer of ell things to grant you long and harpy lives ; and, midst the fierce conflicts that are shaking society to is fooadatio in neighbouring states, that He may preserve to old England the inestimable blessings of peace and p:enty. The kind treatment we have met with during eur ',nen so journ on board, has but furnished us with anoth,r proof of your generosity, and given additional strength to that tweet home which previously existed in our hearts; and whew ever mar be our future lot, the welfare of oar native had, and the 'happiness of there who ruleher,iesdoles,willse w he the wish d prayer of a little band wbiree ',rimiest boot will be to ray that your kindness hu not heels bestowed WE arc loud enough in clamour and in coot eel as to what ought to b.: done, eveelully of late, in the matter of emigration. We are not sufficiently careful or grateful to record what has been done; although example is much better than advice, and an experiment made than an experiment proposed. The public have heard, no doubt, of the unfortunate workmen driven front France, deprived at once of their future livelihood and past earnings. It has Lot been told bow those workmen have been rescued from debt itution. It was our fortune to witness the accomplishment of this on the crowded decks of a large vessel, which floated slowly down the Thames amidst the loudest and moat joyous acclamations of those on board. Those as were a tribute of gratitude poured forth in honour of the gentlemen of the committee who had freighted the vessel with oir countrymen expelled from France, and 'cot thrill on their way to indus trious livelihood in an English colony. Amongst the gentlemen of the committee who crowded in the bark we could mark the countenances of Lord ASULEY and Mr. DAVID SAIXIMONS, the Christian and the Jew, LORD DALMENY has published a pamphlet, in which he declares himself not contented with the sanitary ends of the day. Purify the it and pump up water as you will (says his lordship) you cannot give health to the slothful citizen. The operative works, the gentleman sports, but your mitidle.class man sits in his easy chair, a prey to the apothecary. The consequence (says Lord: DaLatENT) is a terrible depression of the spirits of the middle class of England. "We are the wisest, the. greatest, but the saddest nation in the world." Young England permiced this radical defect some years ago, and proposed a renovation of old English games and pastimes. Bat men no more than boys can be made to play; and the sphere of jollity and amusements has rather dimin ished than increased since the appearar.ce of that ephemeral sect. Lord DALSIENT now proposes to endow every town with a gymnasium. And he strongly approves of the early-closing movement, in order that oung gentle in trade should have leisure to bestow not ca united in the work of charity, though it is denied men iu them to unite in the task of ligislation. their minds but their muscles; not in lecture-rooms To return to the emigrants : this body of artisans and athentenms, but in fencing establishments and were chiefly natives of Nottingham and its vicinity, gyranaistic exerciaee. who years ago had settled at Calais, Lisle, His lordship's delineations and counsels especially and St. Quentia, and engaged themselves in I relate to the middle classes. The following is Ins the manufactares of those places, which by their flattering account of them: skill and industry they had very considerably im- I This is pre eminently an age of intellectual activity and proved, whilst for some of the departments they • physical sloth. We l ye a n the mind ;we eased had earned almost a continental celebrity. By the I enlarge and strengthen. its recent events which have afflicted France, their trade 1 every process by which we can e I We w s e t r izitl e te st( i ' t re w i ' t l i t w Eo ith e lacts' enri we ci ll t al i t ri l i tz ie co n n ee tergl a at t i n t became paralysed, and a few months ago hundreds of Borate it by logic. it We e w u T4g it for ethereal fights, or nerve our fellow-countrymen settled in the places we have it for the slow labour of patient investigation,but we forget suffer to become the victim of languor and the prey of disease. named found themselves not only thrown entirely the demands ot its humble associate the body, which al out of the means of subsistence by the stoppage of the works, but exposed (at least at Lisle and St. We question altogether the increased intellectual - Quentiu, for the Calais people were numerous ligation of our middle classes. We deny that the age enough to protect themselves), to the rancorous fury is either stimulated with poetry or invigorated by of a French mob. The course which these poor people logic in any greater degree than it was halt a century pursued exhibits the energy of the British character ago. Indeed there never perhaps was a period in in a very remarkable point of view. They made in- which both logic and poetry were at so immeasurable quiries, in the first place, as to the state of trade at a discount. If our middle classes are sad and Nottingham and in other parts of England. A ma- our upper class dyspeptic, we deny that this jority of them were satisfied that nothing except proceeds from excess of either knowledge or of personal safety was to be gained by returning to thin wisdom. For if we regard our popular literature , car country. They then assembled at the Besse Ville at drama, our philosophies, or our histories, can see td Calais, and appointed a committee to mana g e their all come to the conclusion that England, in Ins case. The committee interested the British consul, middle of the nineteenth century, is suffering from the British chaplain, and two or three influential over-activity of intellect or plethory of mind ? British residents at Calais in their proceedings, and We doubt, too, if ever there was a period in which the first-mentioned public functionary undertook to our middle class took more air and exercise, and were lay before the government any representation the more attentive to their health. What was the life of workmen might address to him. On the 2lst of a London citizen half a century back ? He never March the following memorial, signed by the coin- emerged, exoept of a rare Sunday, from mittee, was accordingly forwarded to Vi vout PALMERSTON : IP IL.