The Express. — London, England, 1847-12-04 00:00:00

I no other party, on whom it lity which attaches to me is, respect to the restoration or ,nept to mitigate the eras of banking and earning did no more than my duty e attention of the house m not wish to devolve an in reverting to those mss roe repent the course I due a submit it to this house Ie respectable t o the etta_ aiSnipt to make one any particular emus of r members of this heinous responsible for the bill of Mthey deliberate on all end more to depreciate of Commons and Lords ion that, in matters of this at interests, being in them me, a measure deliberately sons, the whole responeibi on the individual member (Hear, hear.) What are are ? In 1819 the measure was proposed by me as a Lolly unconnected with the It of the enqnirieo of Lords. The report of the one, recommending there, rried with only env dissen was, I believe, unanimous. ure of 1819 in the House single division against the neerncd, the measure re. Objections were, indeed, for Coventry; but, if I re• t the lull be reed almond lions. In the Lords thus excepting on the part louse of Peers, who sae the bill proposed that resumed until 1623—Lard be substituted. He wee : wished the bill to come u I said before, the re. remedy for the evils of ha res for the security of pro, munerstioa fir industry ; lull from their responsi awning the character stature when I invite lees from what was the H aar , hes e ) Well, then s then at the head of the s about to expire, and it d should be made to the a certainly, then, °mime es from direct and imam. another inquiry. But e that when, in the particular measure for ,di ng years there had —is 1836, 1837, 1838, said, that the subject not been inquiry rut. necessary. But in 1844 y and banks of issue had answers in 1836; that, mation, the inquiry wee Wed to the stock. Even tee was re-a?pointed in eked and answered, end arrived at,. In 1840 the ranched; the committee • Chancellor of the Ea ch intelligent*. was !e -arly 9,000 questions and were added, each Ones y reasoned answer. And ton amounting to nearly pointed, and that com e or specific recommen- Mr. Tooke, Mr. Jones and other eminent 1, end it appeared best course would of Commons fur the re tory to the termination is house to mime at last hear.) The house did e that there ever was a ssjoritiu. I think, if I us thirty hen. members 844. In the Leeds, the (Hear, hue.) 1. 74 Commons cannot j .. ich ought to be kept free encerning which at had Mg lightly, and intone:- uft' of the government en to reeensideration. in any one irrevocably 1844. Nothing suuld be ioadd now refuse to come .f 1844, if, after all the o a question so compli. alter hie opinion. The untitled in taking tui tion, but it would that on arty mos' meat to the_ pupated sr, er. hear.) I oink that lid es to **AWN of se et Its *WIN IMO 40 NAM had assured in ine al Znoland to take of its turaltre.. D imperative tastes of its aVse lt° l after the experiment elf form to the pr 144111111 et knowledged to be /ask had departed although I for it irgeslatlen, see that have failed— ▪ orsurred, I ma load rd in my hope with ter but even so I must the tank to him elle aired." (Rear hoer.) os, which it was in their I energy and resolution ierseverance and deter ount—my firm perms streoniinary iaterven nent had resorted bet I cannot therefore my ea been lately reduce/ Nicely. I belie,* that that bill was to have , by peneve •g and e neceesity of vio rag IA said that the whole , Bank of England and ice. I distinctly end, at such a result would • close of my speech d this opinion:— No pose that this measure e paper currency, but in, independent of pod, the hill would was no attempt to Illation. The object the first, I admitted I two others, which my it has coceseded the difficulties whisk infinitely aggravated icioualy taken the urrency. The hos. f the grievous injuries the interference with if the United King we. of course entitled Ming somewhat new. rid was carried on not great for the der o f the conaideration, but I vity, but with suavity her ham his aping .ver was a country on asses of which had sery and misfortune tat country of which hon. But I will he subject of Irish y Parnell, writing on that Ireland has eos in be described in a eu; - "Sypearoiliyikii flanges, 60 registered more had been Ma in all. With the ex business, and four in the whole had the country in the elect, sir, in 1820, the banks whom notes whole of Ireland, a and western parts. days afterwards, and like the misery and man (Mr. Reynolds) on upon the prin t one third of their )jest is entirely at s. I think if he had ef gold in proportion it would have been rr whether the Agri !, but if Irish bankers 'vertu and ruin, the so. The country at -general distress and des is to visit with ch I em convinced y times greater. I , use, read one or two a financier es ever work " The Wealth is Oat of it warelty isms with thas who barrow u Thom Sewarafthowlne ,Immwtir, el sist - Mot spoladis. It ▪ Ism aid ilas was ▪ marrs isms of It. lime le air Ma* THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 4, 1847. Si Iniciy to have resider wberewithal to buy meaty, nor credit to eess,wow i4 ea prodigal wbote expense been &proportioned to Ibee rever..ie Before their projects core be teaught to bear, their sled h ~.nd their credit wt m it. They run stem everywhere to l,eraw rows y, sad everybody tells them that they have none to lend. New that is the precise condition in which we are ; we run s heet in all directions to borrow money, and we Sr. told by everybody he has "none to lend." (Hear, hear.) I will undertake to prove beyond doubt that at all times a low rate of interest and an apparent prosperity have led meetly to the rate result. You say that it is free trade, the act of 1844, and various other causes that have brought abort the present stawof things ; but how do you account per this? Take the history of the last 60 years, and I will show you that at the time when protection was at the highest—in time of peace, in time of war, in times before the standard of value was established--nay, in the times of so 'inconvertible currency—in all these 1101611, 1 will show you , that apparent prosperity and a low rate of interest led M the memo want of money that you are experiencing at this moment (Hear, hear.) Take, for instance, the year Mc You had than your old standard; yon had then m e power of paying in silver up to the amount of 2.51., and yet in 1784, is order to protect the emevertiLinty of its notes, the Bank of England was roux galled to retuse advances upon the loan, and to reduce its metes from 9,000,0001. to 6,000,0001. Previous to 1784 there baleen 'ball of prosperity, and there had been great spe culations, but you had in consequence undue excitement, and v iolent action on the part of the Bank to protect its treasure from exhaustion. (Hear.) Then in the year 1793, when the itemised remained the same, when the currency was Wiseertible. when there had been great prosperity, yet before Never hnke out distress beget. Will the house allow se to read an account of the dietreas which existed Ia the latter part of 1792, and you will see how g ds with the distress in 1846. This is a quote yes mad e use of by Mr. Tooke in hie work to which refs macs has already been made. He says, " from the opera tion amines which I will not pretend to explain, there were an unprecedented number of bankruptcies in 1792, pro digiously exceeding in amount those of any former period. Ia March there were 105 bankruptcies, there were 188 ia April, 209 in May, 158 in June, and 108 in July. Many houses of established credit failed, and their fall involved vast numbers of their correspondents and eonnexions. Hooves of undoubted solidity, and pommies ample p i ng., which in a little time enabled them to pay every shilling of their debts, were obliged to mep payment, and many bankees were obliged to fake a pause. It was impossible to raise any money on the security of machinery, for the value of such property seemed le ba annihilated, commerce and manufactures were at a mead, and those who had any money, not knowing where to plem hire safety, kept it unemployed, and locked it up in %sir coffers." Does not that account correspond with the slate of things existing in 1846 ? (" No, no," from Mr. Merin.) le what respect does it differ ? (Hear, bear.) la the year 1810 you had the command of the whole com merce of the world—you had inconvertible paper, but that did net rescue you from the same distress you suffered in 1723. In 1819 the standard was restored. If you are sheet to repeal the existing act, you are about to restore the strained end uncontrolled discretion of the Bank of Eng land, to restore to joint-stock banks the privilege of an un indrained issue, and I presume you would permit in that as s the revival of private banks, giving to them the same eight ref issuing notes. Before you do that you will do well le Tool the accounts of the transactions of the Northern ma Central Joint-stock Bank, of the Norfolk and Norwich Johabstrick Bank, and of the Manchester Joint-stock Bank, and others that issued notes which professed to be converti, hie into gold, and you will find that the unrestricted issue of *mumble paper did not prevent serious abuses which Bled for the immediate interference of the government. Bat the simple repeal of the act of 1844 will reatore to the Bank of England the exercise of full discretion without par liamentary interference. Thus, in 1826, the Bank had this unlimited discretion, and the advantage of the issue of 11. notes ulso. Now I ill give you an aceonst of the state of slabs in 1826. I take that account from an unexoeptionable authority, whose name, however we may differ from him, stud command universal respect. This is the account given by Mr. Alexander Baring, the present Lord Ashburton, of the state ol affairs in 1826, in consequence of undue excite ment end apparent prosperity. Mr. Baring says : " I have as hesitation in attributing the distress of the country to the extent to which paper circulation was put 18 months ago, and for which the country bankers and the Bank of England are answerable. The latter appeared to have a dangerous redundancy of money—that gave rise to wild speculations in every part of the country. It seemed as if Bedlam had broken loose upon the Royal Exchange—all seemed actu ated by the same desire—to lay out money in whatever trey dale:aid; when all of a sudden the reverse came, and a panic seised the public. Men would not part with their money on slay account. Others of wealth and known canitel were ma walking the streets of London, not knowing whether they would be able to meet their engagements the next day, and if the crisis was allowed to pass without speaking the Muth, it would only lay the foundation for future evil." This ask Mb. Then in 1836 the proceedings of the Bank of aglead utmost endangered the stability of that establish ment, lad the president of the Chamber of Commerce at lisahreltramisred that in oonsequence a loss of 40,000,0001. • lbe great materials of cotton, wool, and silk was to be dilhuned. Then in 1839 they had been obliged to apply for the intervention of the Bank of the gold in the Bank of England being dmeei to 2,1000,0001. ' • and again the evils that fol basil were attributed to the departure by the Bank of Eng- MI bine these rules which they themselves had established thatieows security. Thus, then I have shown that in 1112. 1193, in 1810, in 1826,11'1836, and in 1839 you will ▪ the atria causes as now-- prosperi ty, low rate of interest, pest timilinamt, leading to imamee engagements, which, whin tria d l by then test of a assualic standard, yen find Am to collapse sad that sessastka and distress followed. Ss sane tram, la nay egaisa, ent operating now. (Hear.) Thus he asa boa the ilen, peempnty, low rate of inte nt, mine speselatita—thers hmm been a mods of conduct ing tweheine—ef Wales paper—of re-discounting bills pea, hear)--Whish I - bare to be quite novel in the "'amnia Wolin of this 'sentry. (Hear.) In this great waft pa tfla tier to erect matte saperstructare of paper lney mat on a awit bosh Ulla say Brropeas nab. Ps*, Mar.) This aseittry and the United States =kalit a anal separative amount of the precious le bow as ineseeess structure of promissory notes MI paw eenerey: There is no mantry in Swope, ▪ 011.111111111 eatent of its pew credit, including Nee melba et embiege, that putaitielf to so small an ex piate brulleemiallem ef bullion. This glees, no doubt, ▪ beillies allevelles; but at the same time it is &c -ommis' by pest eserepeading evils. (Ilea:, hear.) The &raf walk accent of our colonial empire, is inch ho Awe Clie ~ray when there is • lo w rate of Ifilesiet, the Magi) a of both i• encouraged by that Ind 'Thu the leak, which is the centre sr ere lb weregeseele which follow are inevitable. Mist A 111114 Mere plisse, I know that you will not go lathe of peaty ifilsaing the beau of your cur- Minlip-1 1 15 .1....._„...... yen re maw ailing out for relaxation, rather tom for )—you want more paper in pro ps*ss ii - tsou have at present ; and the more rer pm , won win be year present ease, but if you 1 11 0 1 MOD ilegmemt will be the recurrence dare sliertes. (leer, beer.) The United States attempts Ihe sane Wier ; and the United States, with its enormous aiemetages, its great extant of land, its growing ilienaserce,—because it has • smeller foundation for ■ superstructure than 0111101 you have,—is exposed is more rapid and more disastrous vicissitudes than you are. Bat such is the state of your currency ; and the great object is to reconcile as much of ease and of relax- Mon as possible, with a permanent guarantee for converti bility. And it was only after the experience of those years et distress, then patent to you, that you were led to accede to any measure having for its object the prevention of these Menrrences ; it was while the memo those years was pram to your mind, that you w acquiesced in any Malan whia should MON th e of the Bank, and apple' to Omar' bellides, does with a guarantee against inch mans es might orbager travernbility. It is, no doubt, painful to refer to - individual houses; but I have the lees Modena, la doing it, when I have seen published, on the highest authority, compa risons of their liabilities with their assets. (Hair, War.) And I hesitate not to say, that if the commerce of the country 6 seadbeeled in such principles, in vain may you look to say keit/1w asialations, or any regulation but discretion, to mane the see which must flow from such a reckless wane et eseibesebei emmercial affairs. (Cheers.) Sir, wham lan sassiZ the vim et houses (I will not men tion names, though kayo ban published in the public papers), when I ale MI whose liabilities are to the extent of 60,0001., and its mots to the extent of 3,0001. (Hear, hear.) I say if that fs the practice of your commerce, don't compass of Ste act of 1844. (Loud cheers.) Is It not aoastroas that the standard of this coun try should be endangered, in order to cover or facilitate such transactions as these ? What security can I give to a bank that has 600,0001. of paid-up capital, and lends 509,0001. of that &pita] to one house ? (Hear, hear.) What is it to me that the shareholders repose discre tion and confidence in their directors ? (Hear, hear.) Why do they not take an active part in the conduct of their own affairs ? They fail ; and then, like this gentleman whose ' liabilities are to the extent of 50,0001., and his assets 3,0001., they exclaim—" This infernal act of 1844, this detestable re striction act of Peel's, is the cause of all our difficulties." (Sheen and laughter.) We want money, and the act of 1844 prevents our getting it." (Hear, hear.) To such per sons I would say—thank the act of 1844 that your difficulties are not aggravated. Just consider what would have been the state of affairs if " northern and central banks," and " Man chester banks," and "Norfolk and Norwich banks, " bad been entitled to foster all these speculations by an un limited ague of paper! (Hear, hear.) But you will have these excite ments and than etegnationl ; and, depend upon it, under ordinary eiremMernowne, the native energies of this country would enable pea M ovestratr this. Why, you had just the same propheeW is al Sim years of distils, We were told " The sun of Inglead Is set ; there is no chance of future prosperity ; bare see padbett, solvent persons who cannot get accommodation fir Wing at even 10 or 16 per cent." (Hear, hear.) And Saba eirdinan, from whom I should have expected better thiZ a t e r ea es that the commerce of this country cannot be if people are to pay 10 per cent. for their money ; and the government is blamed far causing it. Why should not the commerce of this country pay for money what that money is worth ? (Hear, hear.) If it is hard that they should pay eight or tea per cent., pray tell me by what law you would prevent it ? You would make the usury laws more stringent, you say. I think there is great reason to doubt whether the retention of a portion of the usury laws is not telling most injuriously upon those who are affected by it. (Hear, hear.) We had experience of the evil effects of the usury laws in 1826. (Hear.) Many houses of the first re spectability and solvency sank, in 1825 and 1826, because of the usury laws—because there was not a power of borrowing money, and giving for it what it was worth. What was the consequence ? Those who obeyed the law could not lead their money ; and those who evaded it required a still greater interest, in order to cover the risk which they incur red. (Hear, hear.) Then, how can you possibly p this high rate of interest ? But, we are told that i is restricting our export trade in cadas pods. Ne doubt it is ; no doubt it is a novel thing that perms engaged in com mercial enterprise should pay 10 per mat for money ; but no lathe of bank notes will remedy that evil. Tho dearth again is a dearth of capital (hear, hoer); and while capital is scarce, pass what laws you please, you must pay for it. (Hoar, hear.) But, aa happened in the six cases to which I have referred before, the native energies of this country would have enabled you to bear all this, without that severity of suffering which you now endure bad it not been that, in the midst of this commercial disaster, there did supervene an unforeseen cause, which but aggravated tenfold the di ficulties of your position, and has augmented that depprcession which has been the consequence of over-e xeitemmt Why bow is It possible to state that 33 MIMI= sterling have been spent, in the course of a few unestim—af little more than • year—for the purpose of providing sub skeane* for the people of this country, without seeing that, ' under any circamstances, even had it been a time o f grea t preepnity, the evil must have been most intensely felt, the i saileing must have been most severe 1 And when the iavestment of capital, for the purpose of purchasing food, MIN concurrently with the exhaustion of capital, in conse- queries of improvident commercial engagements, it does sequire all the energies of this country to bear that double simultaneous burthen. (Hear, hear.) Well, sir, but there M been a still further cause of difficulty ; concurrently with these two, there has been the adaptation of an unusual 'Blount of capital to a new species of enterprise,—namely, the railways. 1 do not estimate the effect of that application of capital so highly as some gentlemen beve l , done. I think that, under ordinary circumstances, nothing would have been more advantageous than such en applica tion. (Hear, hear.) I think that, by the extension of rail- you are laying the foundation of great future good ; mad I very much doubt whether or not we ought not to de duct from any evil which the sudden application of capital to railways may have canoed all that which otherwise would have beea caused by the employment of a like amount of capital in foreign railways, and in foreign securities gene rally. (Hear, bear.) I believe that, had we not had the demand for food—had we not bad the for of capital, or, at least, the euspensiou of engagements in consequence of improvident commercial enterprise you would have been able to bear the diversion of capital to railways with very little derangement of our monetary affairs. For I do not conceive that that will be a dead loss. The time will shortly come, those railways being completed, when they may, 1 hope, be productive to those engaged in them. And when I think what will be the saving to the country in the conveyance of goods, the saving of time in transport and locomotion, I cannot think that railways ulti. mately, though at present a means of heightening our diffi culties, can fail to be a source of great improvement and gain to the country. (Hear, hear.) Country banks, joint-stock banks, are 'Whin more than the intervening agents be tween those who posses capital and those who employ it; they receive deposits from all classes of individuals ; hereto fore they have been accustomed, as the media between capital and ita employers ta divert almost the whole of it to commerci al enterprise. Suddenly, a large portion of this capital is diverted to a a new species of enterprise ; and, no doubt, this must for a time add still more to the scarcity of capital, and so far in crease the difficulties under which we labour. (Hear.) Therefore, it appears to me that the connurence of those three causes--the last only in a minor degree,lthe two former more heavily—is sufficient to account for the stagnation we now feel. Now, sir, I must say a word with reference to the letter of the noble lord at the head of the government. I am bound to say, as not being one of the noble lord's or • dinary supporters, that I do cordially approve of the course government has taken on that matter. (Cheers.) I think they were perfectly right in not issuing that letter sooner than they did. (Hear.) The true remedy for the state of things under which we are suffering, is individual exertion, the contraction of engagements, the aneation of all demands which can create em balmed/taunt ; and had the government at an earlier pe eled signified an intention to relax the law they would have Menially discouraged Mae individual exertions. which, Mier all, moat bs war main reliance. (Hear hear.) But I When we were in a date et panic—a Mete whisk eseaset be ileselet SF FOTigied WWI law—thim thleklbeemite- Add teze itme rative geeeenlimt to presiiithe esuestisessis alias gembwee msperly exelimd. (Hear, hear.) ennuis th e of War is me emeneary impends meet of the kw. I italledy differ Awe those who say that the amenity for Web, that hiels . a conoludve proof that there ought to inseelnmi • OrafeUonary power seeded is the Bank. (Ism hoer.) It is one of them eases In which, as wee Mama Igh z Huskiwou ' not legis lation, but the serwassit must apply. I think the go ilimelbre, was justified in issuing that letter. IMa k, Mind with the strictest regard to all constitutional sesishe la summoning parliament when they did. If there Mil leen a violation of the law, I think the ant appeal ought is hare been to parliament to give them an indemnity ; bat as there was none, I do not know how it was possible to draw up an application for an in demnity (Laughter.) Ai far as there was any danger, it is obviated by calling parliament together, and I for one say, there is no necessity for an indemnity. (A laugh.) i also think the government were right in not leaving a dis credits to the Bank. I think it was a better course for them he take to sanction a violation of the law if it was nee nary, but themselves to presoribe the eon. did's. apes which the law should be violated—to sundae the violation of the law, and throw upon the Bank the weibiliti a l ie d7 o n a t c y i t high intern'. (Hear.) The le& to say that he would not dieter the quietism, which would be considered ma- hotly in the emsielos, se to whether there should be any alteration of the est of 1844. He should be acting a part unworthy els of to member e se lgainent if he permitted any mere couslimuliam prevent him from giving full considerable le die ad 1844. (Hsu, hem.) kW ewe 'moronism was is *sew ef the akin advisees at that act. H's thought the eserieliss should be sadism& on the joint-stock banks of kessies a Seek et Whs. !kw re striction was surely _nsameley,Mber the coped— et this crisis of 1839, of 1835, sad of ISM. It wee dies the eat of 1844 was the beet mode of imposing that elies, and be knew no better. (Hear, hear.) He hoed with great eadifeetion thespeech of his right hon. friend (ebr.llerrles) in while*" thisseil hie inviolate adherence to the prisdpie of a mien, 11101118 and of convertibility. He had se Peat se eat head, whatever le sight hear is Zte lailla us. He kepi kr the security of yeeperis sad sea nessial asterpris some of the *mimeo end& he had heard fa the sear', of the debate 'Gehl set preerdL The hoc member for Wakefield had aid he theisld e ea the sees& ausletka of the home, the gereessest ehield pay elf io debt of 14,000,0001. te the leek ia hensweeible leper. It the meet were to eat that movie et polies to the Bask a debt which was die sod seemertildo L pager he whiskies' was to be no other ephalset then ether peps, he Meeaw that Maritima, is the rose dinseity would be tee shoi to adept Ihe ems see. (Hear) Bat he weld not beim dot *Sheen enta **Sim (H. trz,) Tin bee. reasiber fir hedprer wi t4h ir yseesa hese essedble piper with a seesiesd. Thweeisseiaeirleedistitsfathe tem .) What wee the easslet of it ? pea th at eselpies hs llosee—seese sail gold at the ti nflis iat aket of geld meat wee et has than a to depredate the e all el= the mid by the Wm PIM, sae dela te__PtY • Se la list dewnelatefreakes. If they isepoesd a limit le Se isms et ihe ppier istressy, thee sera be eine ash to the - phi - et yid r am as Wished sew eastery ST he plil is flatheitina mew aid meant me mega Of Ism pet the sastsisilia Se that sys d le e p p s si Zer alba • Ate Aper evelissy of Names wee ask His impnelielettle= i grh.:. would Wite die isaspli of its peedieseema Is =ilia. the soles ilr smgtfid ea was awls Hs isdisesiessel, mad that here so it, thrifty deseditites the emespie of whip towte.is the year Imod they Walked MEd they woad met sweat to ma en alteragem littheeilemiaml coin at*, Mimi. Again, in 1833, ups the modem of lied Aliews, the home rearerted that yriseleis If lame inn he a meeseity ter it, he Ole semetmeed that the hem% en the most enlarged eandiematieneelpsiley, as& with eiped te Moist Jeollos, would IMMO But pea Set. (Hem, Mee.) There was flotilla. to the mgerwt that the oommeralal trammethems of this esssttry aimed that the melees etemdsrd was feeddelest. They Imo in error when they talked about *o=l geld; the prominery mote was a premise to pay a weight of sold, aid eadelsa eke ; and if they Moose to make their 5 . 1. note si V whet the 101. note did , they weld am is the degree alter the seam of the With shadard of value, what had hams Ile tom fa the prosperity of the isometry ? Whom they ihemd, with the present etandard of value, the ANINIMiI Weems is the de clared vain. of esparto, will& be emeght tem 1881 was not ' won than 36,000,0001. , had ids earit is the seat decennial peeled to 46,000,0001., and within the bet deem yens was meting this 69,000,000 L, _therwealisseassibrlve proof that with the amokat susdast et rake they eight eambeet the met enlarged misses, that this mushy WO of. Whatever might be their minute alterations to iw of 1844, his hype was that the boine would show that they had the mime regard to junite and good faith which had been shown by disk ; and remembering that whe ther the pollee of the eel et 1844 was or was not a wise potty,tU huarodass which had been entered into since 1822 were as ninety-nine to one, when oom with the manned= which took place he r:sea that period, and which still remained unli outdated, he trusted a raped to their own character- a regard for juries—kr the permanent interests of the coun try—a regard, above all, for the condition of those who earned by their =Autry the wages of labour, would induct the House of Comment to uphold the standard which, after beg straggling, had been established by the wisdom of parlia ment. (Laud cheers.) Mr. STUART (Newark) moved the adjournment of the debate. The house then divided For the adjournment Aind 257-212 Mr. WI LS ON then withdrew his amendment, mad the original motion, for the appointment of a committee, was agreed to. The house then adjourned at a quarter past one. ME E.& or YAII3O/100011.—The presentation of the " Woraley testimonial," which was deferred in conse quence of the death of his lordship's father, took place on Thursday last, at BrocklcebyhaU, on which occasion the Duke and Dueller of St. Alban's, Sir Montague CSolmeley, Bart, M.P., Sir Henry Dymoke, and about fifty of the chow, principal landholders, and electors of the northern & Ilion of the county, attended. This teatimonial, for the parliamentary services of his lordship, consists of a silver plateau, centre ornament, and candelabra, weighing to gether 1,400 ounces. Vie enurtolS. MAILS. Thu was Lou tag kaiak &Rive; Plan Mottle Vine, Perna. "" m g lounet&lAalaaar awl ks. Dann Ayres, will be made up en & Tae Milk Itif Opsen Vahan Medlars, Dods, sad °thrall. will be onden On YID saniste at We LS D. b.. The sunio& NSW de Mandan be the Menterreani =Moo pi Dnisanor Nor, lee., will be nada vop CS de anns IS . The Wen Isla notwang Bermuda, N ftworsa. iak fISIIMI.Now e r r Jeemo m. Von Cross,l, Cartheenn Tramped, sad Pane Mob ant ber. mlnn alombe, Own Paw" Wait Olen et South Mewls, and at. lany.de- Miasmas. ell he no& up en tbe moron, et the lOW Dosenher. The ended Mils& , al ta, Linen dr inns klane, Egypt, win.lndle, eug-Kon. rad= Isedriarri, Yen be Inds aim en wenn' et Wenn The weft ar Pow an& Vsa Lisa and New Zealand vain ma& up en as draw of We Deinsaner. 7.1 001111111PO1q L DI t T .i•t i = . t 9.ll=Zektriti=wei:ll::=o=° NIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. T.ta D..—Mamb a 13 Pa. pin It , ArtAnNea, OPa pot 0. TO-Nossev—lPPPA, pip p 0; Aftereop SS Na paft O. LONDON, SATURDAY, DEC. 4. ATTENTION has been called to the defective state of our military force, by a letter said to have emanated from the anxieties of the first commander of the age, and deploring our defenceless and unwarlike state in the face of that vigilance and foresight displayed by our b•reat neighbours, who have completed the forti fication of their capital and outports, and who, to a disciplined army, experienced in the field, have added the reserve of a million of armed citizens. _ Notwithstandin g the g reatness of the authority and the troth of much that he alleges, we most confess ourselves very little impressed with the alarm, or convinced of the urgency, of what is threatened, or of what is recommended. No doubt, France has a very large army, but it is not more than sufficient to guard her very weak line of defences eastward, and to awe the ambition, or combining nations of Europe from conceiving plans of hostility. As for Algeria, does it open anything like the field for military experience, military virtues, and ambition, that India does to ne ? Algeria decimates the youth of France by its climate, whilst the lessons it teaches are of a kind of warfare, of which the experience would be useless amid the struggles of European armies. As to the national guard of France, it has in a great measure become a shadow and a m ockery, discountenanced or suspended in great towns, and formin g in country districts the mere name of military discipline or combination. The French are formidable from their knowledge of fire arms, and the liberty , of 'Tort, which encourages and keeps this up. They are formidable from the spirit and independent condition of their peasantry and lower orders ; as, also, from the great proportion of them which have served in the army, and are imbued with military knowledge. Bat we doubt much if the institution of the national guard, as kept up in France, adds much to these attributes. Then, what possible cause of serious quarrel can we have with France ? In what do we thwart her ? How do we seriously menace her? Oar diplomacies quarrel in Greece and in Spain. The two cabinets miy not have the same views of Italian or of Swiss politics. But how, by any exaggeration, could there differences be supposed likely to produce a war? What could England possibly gain by a war with France ? What could Francs gain by a war with England ? England, as it is, powerful and independent, is more indispensable than any country to the peace, inde pendence, progress, and balance of Europe. France, unless run mad, ought not to contemplate the working as serious injury. Engl and win 1830, and may be to-morrow, the b ulwark and shield of French liberty and independence. England and its stability is equally precious to other powers. Prussia or Russia would shudder at the idea of sweeping England from the map of Europe, did the possibility present itself. It must be a miraculous circumstance, and a aeries of blunders in policy, too gross to be considered possible, that could expose England, alone and with out allies, to a hostile attack. The idea of a single-handed war dropping upon us from the clouds, is as ridiculous as the inv asi on and conquest of Eng land by the g arrison of Paris, put forward the other day in some journal. The government appears to us by no means un concerned or asleep on the great subject of national defences. Much is doing, much preparing, and as such things should be, in quiet. Very . important additions and alterations have been made in the forti fications of our pinta, and of the whole line of coast defence; and we believe the Duke of WELLINOWN himself has been the great guide and director of all these necessary precautions. The new harbours of refuge will form no inconsiderable portion of this asystem of defence. And notwithstanding all that is ged, and all the inferences drawn from the facili ties which steam gives to invasion, steam, we believe, will give equal facilities to defence. Still we are fully alive to the necessity of placing London beyond the fear of a surprise. An efficient plan for the securing of that object is a great desideratum, towards which parliament would not show knelt niggard. But even in this we should demote anything gigantic in either effort or expeaditare. Oar real bulwarks are not in meads of earth or heaps of stone. An increase of out puma military force, as recommended in the letter above alluded to, would, we are sure, not be for a moment tolerated by parliament. It is not the dif ference between 90,000 or 100,000 men that can save or lose the country. This object must be sought in the creation of an army of reserve, such as, without mulcting the youth of the country of their time, peaceful habits, and pro &aeons, may give them some knowledge of arms and military discipline. How this is to be done, is a question which offers the most serious difficulties. The French system of national guard strikes us as uniting the two worst characters of such institu tions—utter inefficiency and extreme ce. The Prussian system is the most perfect for litary efficiency, but it is a tax upon the time, and a fetter cr c i the freedom, of the rising population, which the fish would not bear. erhaps there is no better system than that of the Swiss, which have just afforded so memorable an ex ample to Europe, which, out of so small a population, have raised and sent forth • disciplined army, equal almost to the most manageable and effective European army in numbers, in equipment, and, what is remark able, in its scientific corps. The reduction of Friburg and Lucerne was effected by artillery. The rude har dihood of the mountaineers, which would have re sisted carbine and bayonet, was appalled at the velem tifie manceavres and the always ready cannonade of General DUFOUR. And this powerful federal militia of Switzerland has had the honour of overwhelming a formidable body of internal foes, without leaving them any posaibility of resistance, at the same time that it presented a front to the great powers of France and Austria, before which the angry cabinets of those countries actually quailed. The entire drilling and military organisation of the Swim is but the work of a short month, which constitutes a fete in each year, and to which, as a kind of healthful and joyous vacation, every trade and profession can spare its disciple. Thereat difficulty in arming a population is, how far to descend, or where to draw a line. What has resdarad a large and effective system of the national mad impossible in both Spain and France is, the ofteseity of either putting arms into the hands of those who would make a bad use of them, or else of drawing a line, as in the case of the fran chise, and decreeing that some citizens are worthy of bearing arms, and some citizens not. It is, no doubt, these considerations, amongst others, which have hitherto kept oar public men from even contemplating any general arming or training, and have limited their efforts to forming a body of reserve out of those released from military service. THE intentions of the government being now known, as far am the alleged demand for temporary legislation on railway subjects is concerned, it remains to be seen what will be the character of the measure, for the permanent regulation of the railway system, which is understood to be in preparation in the com missioners' office ; to what extent, in short, and with what modifications, it is intended to reproduce the abandoned bill of last session. The operations of such a scheme of control u that bill was designed to enact may be questioned, in many respects ; and it will be proper to regard its tendencies in both of the two directions it was calcu lated to take. For the present—the more especially because this branch of the subject has some references to the process which has been entrusted, for a tempo rary purpose, to the committee on the bills of the session—we shall address ourselves to consider the conditions on which the members of a government department can usefully act in relation to new pro jects submitted to parliament ; or generally, indeed, as the guides of parliamentary decisions on rail way business. To this point, which has been the defective part of all measures hitherto proposed on the subject, we have briefly adverted in some re cent observations on the gauge question. We shall now examine it a little more in detail. The objects with which the state has been re peatedly invited to deal, in reference to the railway system, by those, whether in office or in the public at large, who are not satisfied to leave it subject to the conditions of general or particular laws, but would fain see it tinder more arbitrary kinds of control, fall under one or the other of the two following divisions : —they belong either to what we may call the police of railways, with a view to the supervision by the ex ecutive of their working arrangements, charges, and relations to each other and to the public ; or to the constitution of the system, with a view to the inspec tion by some official body of all plans for new lines, to be sanctioned or rejected with reference to some general scheme of the wants of the country, and the proper uses of rail way communication as a whole; instead of being left, as heretofore, to the individual struggles of local interests, and to variable decisions of private bill committees; whereby each new application has been treated as a separate measure, and all general eonsi derations have been utterly disregarded in granting or withholding it. Of these two quite distinct kinds of interference, the latter would seem to be not only the more appropriate to a governing body, but also by many degrees the more important- It is, however, the part in all past measures on the subject that has been the most ineffectually framed. The de sire to arrive at some method of influencing the decisions of parliament in this line has, indeed, been displayed often enough; but it has never led to any useful or determinate result whatever ; because it has always been compelled to stop short of the point on which alone its efficacy mast depend. In any future discussions on the subject, it will be well to understand this clearly, and deal with it in a posi tive manner. The questions belonging to it are briefly these : is it desirable that a general scheme should be kept in view in the determination of grants for new railways; that the claims and plans of their promoters should be settled with reference to the whole of a national system of communication ; and not, as heretofore,disposed of according to the several views that may prevail here and there in each of the small fractions of parliament towhich they have been finally referred ? Supposing this question answered in the affirmative; the next will be, can the office of thus determining the merits of new schemes be properly fulfilled by an official department, and, if so, how should the body entrusted with this charge be composed? If the possibility be affirmed, and such a constitution of the body as may entitle its decisions to respect is deemed practicable, we shall next arrive at the indispensable condition on which alone such an object can be fulfilled by any official body, however qualified—namely, that its deter mination of the points on which it is authorised to pronounce an opinion shall be absolute and final. This condition has been declined, not without reason, in all past attempts to employ official assistance. The state servants have been allowed to inquire and re port, but have never been empowered to decide. The final decision parliament has firmly retained in its own hands. Now of this arrangement the practical result has been, and so long as it continues to be deemed proper must ever be, that the labours of the official body have been utterly useless, nay, in some respects, positively mischievous. The effect in other ways has been to increase expense and multiply trouble, by rendering necessary two inquiries, of which the last only had any real meaning. ho long as parliament declines to concede to a state department anything beyond the power of advising, so long is it certain that it will in most cases proceed without regard to its advice. Where the power to judge in the last resort is held, there the whole in quiry must be gone through; and anliminary investigation—unless its results are fo rmally accepted as conclusive on the points examined and reported upon—will be, as they have hitherto been, merely troublesome ceremonies. These, then, are the %nation's which should be positively disposed of, if any good is to come of railway legislation in this department. The official body must either have power to do some one thing, or series of things, completely, or if it is not to be trusted so far, it had better not meddle with them at all. It will, therefore, be the proper business for parliament, on the appearance of any new measure on this branch of the subject, to determine whether it can or cannot resolve to entrust its powers, or any part of its powers, of deciding on new measures, wholly and absolutely to a department of the administration—whether it can accept its re- porta as authoritative on the whole question of merits and expediency of the railway schemes applied for; or, if not eo far, on what particular features or details of such schemes it is prepared to obey its determinations and regard its information as conclusive. By an entire concession of this kind some practical effect may be produced, more or less considerable, according as the powers re linquished by the two bosses are, more or lees exten sive : the expediency of the method, depending on the necessity of its being attempted at all, and on the pro bable qualifications of those who may have to exe cute it, being a separate question, which must be first clearly disposed of. By nothing lees than giving en tire authority, whether on the whole business or on some part of the business, can anything useful be possibly accomplished. An official adviser, whose advioe may or may not be taken at will, an official de cision that parliament reserves to itself the right of re versing, may, indeed, afford an *session for bestowing places on friends of the ministry, and inflicting on the railway body needless trouble and expense, but can produce no useful effect whatever. This view of the question has hitherto been blinked on both rides— with what results we have seen. If it is again brought forward, it should be looked at in a straight forward manner. The legislature cannot amend matters by , giving the state a puasi power of doing what it refuses to allow of being thoroughly done; and, on considering the expediency of delegating any part of its powers, it will be well to settle precisely in the first place what is wanted in the future arrange ment of the railway system, to which official direc. tion can be usefully applied. We shall have a few observations to make on this question. Our Paris despatches of Thursday have arrived, but they contain no intelligence of importance. Two Madrid mails, those of the 26th and 27th, were still due. The arrivals from Switzerland brought no far ther intelligenoe respecting the state of the cantons. The submission of the Valais was hourly expected •, and it was generally understood thatNeufchatel would be occupied by the federal troops, in consequence of the communication made by that canton to the Diet. The Prince de Joinville arrived in Paris from Toulon on Wednesday. Sir Stratford Canning, who was staying at the Hotel Bristol, in the Place Vendome, was expected to leave for Berme on Thursday evening or Friday morning. ROME, Nov. 22. I sent you some days ago a description of the grand and novel scene of our new states-general assembling, in the halls of the Vatican. I might have added many other incidental matters which have no freshness now, and which by their comparative triviality might have marred the effect of that magnificent fact in the pub lic mind. As, for instance, how in the evening the great tobacco broker gave a general distribution of ices at the theatre to lux comrades of the guard amid cheers, and cries of " Long live Corporal Torlonis !" —how Macbean, the banker, had got up, at the expense of 301.,the banner of England, rowed which 100 British visitors in Rome were to have marched at the close of the procession ; and how the banners of Sardinia, Tuscany, and Saxony were prepared for the same purpose and retinue; when, it coming to the ear of Ferretti that the men of Parma and Lombardy in tended to march under the flag of " Upper Italy, and that sondry Venetians had resolved to display once more thewinged Lion of St. Marco, in the night, orders were named to Consul Freeborn and others to dimmede their eoustrymem from any such dangerous manifes tations. What is to be done with the banner of Eng land, is the subject for discussion this evening at a meeting of the subscribers. Prince Doria gave a political banquet to Lord Minto in the halls of the family . o. The nee of the Roman representative amenibly are paid by their constituents. There are three scales of salary, dependent on the importance and distance of the several districts 600. 400, and 300 dollars, are the three respective categories under which they are classified. . _ There died here last week, under very painful cir cumstances, the Very Rev. J. S. Keenan, late Vicar- General of I)romore, and who had been twice elected by his confr?res bishop of that diocese. He was four years ago, under some pretext, deprived of his living by a rival candidate for the mitre (who had been in a minority of votes), and as the Primate of Armagh could not get justice done him he came here for it. The Propaganda at once declared (what was unavoidable with the canon law staring them is the face) that the act of this bishop was in valid ab itsitio ; yet after such recognition of his vio lated rights tht7 kept him four years knocking at their door for reintegration in his parochial emolu ments. He died of sheer want, the law's delay, and nervous fever. A few friends clubbed their dollars to give him decent burial ; for the bishop's agent here did not come under the sarcasm of the poet—he did not " help to bury whom he helped to starve." An address to Pius IX. signed by 500 of his parish ioners, imploring justice for their loved pastor, arrived the morning of Ins death. It seta forth his claims in most forcible terms, conveys its own lesson, and re bakes petty tyranny. Tent de &l entte t' il dens l'ams dm devote! It is mush to be lamented that the Irish Roman catholic church, which has preserved its hierarchy in plenitude, and stands forth in the eyes of Christendom as a national church, should voluntarily degrade itself to the position of a mere missionary establish ment, by referring every possible matter of public or private difference to the Board of Propaganda. Has Ireland no competent episcopacy, no knowledge of the canons, no synods, provincial and general, that it should cut such a discreditable figure here ? The Colonial-office in Downing-street had lately a certain Mr. Stephen, who contrived to get into his own hands the affairs of the whole of our colonies, and for the last twenty years there is at the Board of Pro- paganda a certain M. Palma, who manages every thing, not only the British colonies, but all the ecclesi astical affairs of Ireland, England, and Scotland. Poor old Franeoni has been long fit for superannua tion, and the Genoese cardinals, Lambruachini and Co., when they do meddle with the board, are not always under direct heavenly inspiration. Palma has written a history of English ecclesiastical matters which shows utter ignorance of our social system as well as of facts, and contains an account of the Stuarts which would make Dr. Lingard stare. A dozen years ago the Bishop of Malta, Caruana, being appointed by the British government one of the fire privy councillors of that island, had to take the usual oath about net using his new position for the subversion of the established church, an oath taken freely by the Roman catholic bishops, Roman catholic members of both houses of parliament, and Roman catholic privy councillors in England and Ireland, who never consulted Propaganda on the obvious matter. He was told by the board and by Palma that he could not take any such oath, and did not sit at the Malta privy council from that day to this. The knowledge of this fact will be a delightful bit of news for Dr. M'Hale and the knot of " Sonder bond " bishops, who take their cue from him. Let them refer that oath to Propaganda. Mr. Locke, the engineer, is here. UNITED STATES.-MEXICO. The Ocean Steam Navigation Company's ship Washington, Capt. Johnston, arrived off Cowes yesterday, at one o'clock, after a passage from New York of 141 days, in spite of some severe weather which she had to encounter. She brings dates from New York to the 18th ultimo, 30,0001. in specie (chiefly for the house of Baring and Co.), and 48 passengers. The mails were landed under the charge of J. R. Crooke'', Esq., American consul at South ampton, which, with most of the passengers andl some of the freight, were transhipped into a smaller steamer in less than an hour, and the Washington was enabled to continue her course to Bremen imme diately. Before leaving the ship the passengers for England presented to Captain Johnston and his officers a memorial expressive of approbation of their conduct, both as seamen and companions, during the Toni*. The news received by the Washington, though only 48 hours later than that brought by the Fidelia, con tains some points of interest. Mr. Clay's speech and resolutions in favour of a peace with Mexico, and against the acquisition of any territory, have excited some discordant remarks. The New York Herald denounces them in the most unqualified terms, and expresses an opinion that they will break up the whig party in the hour of its congressional triumphs : In an extra of the New York Herald we find the following telegraphic intimation from Washington, of the date of the 18th Nov. : The Secretary of the Treasury, Mr. Walker, has recom mended, end the President has just signed, the following salutary financial measures in regard to Mexico The export duties exacted by the Mexican government before the war, are to be levied by our officers as a military con tribution. 2. Whenever it is practicable, all internal pro perty, taxes of any description, whether upon persons or property, exacted by the government of Mexico, or by any departmenctown or city thereof, are to be collected by our officers, and appropriated as a military contribution toward defraying the expenses of the war, excepting transit duties which are a check upon commerce. 3. The export duties on the precious metals are as follows:—Gold, coin or wrought, three per cent. • silver coin, six do. ; silver, wrought, with or without dexiean certificates, seven do. ; gold ore or dust, three do. ; silver ore, seven do. N.B. When the precious metals are taken from a city in our pos session, the duty mast be prepaid on them, or charged double at the port of exportation. The same journal contains the following account of the position assumed by Mr. Polk and lie cabinet with reference to Mexico since the receipt of despatches from General Scott: The cabinet met on Monday and Tuesday, and delibe rated at great length relative to the present position of affairs between the ewe republics, and what lathe best course to pursue in regard to the future. After a great deal of dis cussion, and some variation of opiaion between Mr. Walker and Mr. *trey, it was generally agreed on by the cabinet, and concurred iv by the president, to continue the war against that country, and hold military possession of the capital and the cities which we now have, until some government shall be found willing to make peace, on the principle of indemnity to the United States for the pad, and security for the future. This indemnity looks entirely to 1 territorial acquisition, but the extent of it is to be left to the future, and to coming events. The United States are willing at any moment to make pew, bat this peace most be baud on terms by which our govem- ' ment shall lose nothing io consequence of the campaign. If Mexico, or such government as may be found in existence, still refuses to make peace, then the war is to be continued, whatever the result may be—leaving that a problem for the future. The Presi dent will not advise pro bably, anything in his massage, that looks like immediate annexation of Mexico ; but, on the other band, he will not bind himself to a contrary policy. He will leave the quo tion open for Congress and the country to solve. In short, be will avow the principle of territorial indemnity, even if by • protraction of the war or the obstinacy of Mexico, that indemnity shall at a future day cover the whole of the republic. Troops, already authorised by law will be called out to fi ll up the ranks of Gen. Scott. Cor:tritratione will be levied for their support on Mexico, and the whole matter will be turned over to Congress at the approaching session. Mr. Trist arrived at New Orleans on the 10th of 'November. He had been recalled before any effect could be given to his renewed negotiations, and peace appears to be generally admitted to be as remote as ever. General Scott has commenced the permanent occupation of the national road between Vera Crux and the capital. A garrison of 750 men has been established at the National Bridge ; another, of 1,200 men, under command of General Cushing, at Jalapa; and a third, of 2,000 men, under General Une, at Puebla. The court-martial on Lieat-CoL Fremont was still sitting. A report had been circulated that Com modore Stockton would, on his return to Washington, demand an investigation. The opinion, however, prevailed that the facts elicited by the court-martial would render this step nun The Courier and Inquirer is that : " It is possible that the malice which marks the London press may invent from the official documents occasions for renewed vituperation and disparagement of the American character." In so far, at leant, as we are concerned, instead of doing this we shall allow the American journals to state their estimate of these battles without one word of contradiction. A Washington correspondent of the same paper asks, " Is it true that the Rothachilds have had to borrow 3,000,000 dollars in Wall-street? Such a rumour has been current here for the last few days." The Ocean Company are about to lay the keel of a third steamer, to be called the " Humboldt" It is expected she will be completed at the end of five months. She will register about 2,400 tons, 600 more than the Washington. The Hermann is still at the Novelty Works receiving her machinery. [Fur Markets see but page.] CO eroutt. The Duke of Cambridge visited the Duchess of Gloucester yesterday, at Gloucester-house. his Royal highness afterwards lilt town for his residence at Kew. The Marquis of Northampton and a deputation had an interview with Sir George Grey yesterday at the Home office.— The Lord Mayor had an interview with , LordJ.Rum yesterday, at his official residence in Downing-st.—The Earl of Ellenborough and Sir Joha Polly transacted business at the Board of Trade yesterday.—Sir Witham Heathcote had an interview with Earl Grey yesterday, at the Colonial office. Despatches were sent off yesterday evening front the Colonial-office for the governor of Canada, and idso for the governors of the other North American provinces. The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council sat yesterday, and resumed and concluded the hearing of as appeal from Bengal, " Rany Srimuty Debiah v. Rant' Khoond Suta." a [From lut night's Gazette.] COURT MOURNING.—Orders have been issued for the Court's going into mourning, tomorrow (Sunday),fie his late Royal Highness the Elector of Hesse; and, on San day the 12th inst., the Court to go out of mourning. ST. JAMES'S PALACE, DEC. 1. The Queen has been pleased to appoint John Lord Elphinstone to be one of the Lords in Waiting in Ordinary to her Majesty, in the room of Henry George Francis, Earl of Dude, resigned. WAR-OFFICE. DM. - 3rd Dreg. Oris.—Lent It. B. Pm efoy, to be rept, by par., nee Watt, who retires; Cornet A. D. Monteath, to be brut, by per., blob B. ; W. linatzlibull, gent, to be cor., by per., vice Moehmft 7th IS. —C. C. Fraser, gent., to be our., by pur., vice Bog. dine, who ret. lid F. -Lieut..CoL J. T. Hill, from 32nd F., to be heat..ool. vise Puttee., who inch .; Lout B. Thornhill, from 114th Y., to be Bout., ex vice Woodington. who ch. 24th 1 3 .—Liont. H. P. T. Woodlngton, from list F., to be lieut., vies Thornhi4 who each. 32nd P.—Lieut-CoL R. T. R. Pullout, from list F., to be lleut. tot, vice Hill, who exch.; Gent-Cadet R. L. 0. Pearson, from Royal Mil. Coll., to be ma., without per., vice Sullivan. 97th F.—Lieut. W. M'Donald, from 93rd 1., to be capt., without par., aloe &array, who rat. 38th F.—Ene. S. Hackett, to be lieut. by per., vice A. Hackett, who mt.; H. P. Vans, gent, to be ens., by per., vioe Hackett. 43rd F.—Brevet-Lieut.-Cot C. F. Lardy, from b.-p. onat, to be mated, vise J. I. Black, who melt; CAM. W. R. MmisSeld, to be mNor, by pur., vice Lardy, who rens ; Lieut. J. Cheater, to bempt, Chester;y nos MansfieldW. b e Puller, to be lieut., by pm., vim 0. Wedderburn, gent, to be ens., by pur., vice Fuller. 70th F.—Rea. J. Atkinson, to be lieut., by par., Moe Greened', who rota.; E. R. C. Sheldon, gent., to be ens., by par., rice Atkinson. Inad F.—C. B. Robinson, gent., to be amistaarg., vice Downed, appointed to the staff. let Weat India Regt—Quartermaster A. Smith, to be paymaster. vice Matthews, appointed to the 37th F. Ceylon Me Rog.—Berg.-Major R. Bunn, to be quartermarter. HOSPITAL burr.—Assist.43urg. If. Downes, M.D., from 92nd F., to be aallet.mirg. to the forces, vice O'Oannor, UXATTACIUD.—Lent. E. Barclay, from 98thP.7:13 4 elapt., without purehaie. MILSOUANDLIL—Deputy-Aasistaat -General Robert William Ronk fsr neglect at duty sal 3= be failed to render proper accounts; of the mesa meshed esul swatted by him on behalf of the public, during dim lale Argo et the Chmeheariat on the Odd Coast, has been removed hem the sentee. OFFICE UP ORDNANCE, Doe. 2. Royal Reg. of ArtiL-8s Lieut.. T. P. Warble, to be drat Scut vice W. King, placed on AD =. LTY, Dec. 2. The under-ssolimi otenstion has this day taken conse quent upon the Els& et Iteer-Adentral W. IL apt W. fisher, to be reer-edm. of the blue. BONN r. JENNY LIND.—The trial of this cause has been appointed for Monday, the 20th inst., at the Court of Queens Bench, Guildhall. A special jury was nominated on Thuredny last on the pert of the plaintiff. Sir F. Kelly, Mr. Cockburn, and Mr. •Peacock will conduct the plaintiff's case, and the Attorney General, Sir F. Theaiger, and Mr. Hoggins will appear for the defendant. The damages have been laid at 10,0001. DISAPPEARANCE AND RECOVERY OF A YOCNG LADY.—On Thursday an advertisement appeared in the Daily News and other morning papers, offering a reward of 1001. for the recovery of a young lady who left her home in the Regent's-park about bait-put three the previous morning. The young lady, who was only thirteen years of age, has been since recovered. Between four and five o'clock the master of a tishingemack named the Star of Brunswick, which was lying off Four.gun Battery Point, about five miles below Gravesend, had his attention drawn to the shore by cries of distress, and on sending hie boat ashore dieeovered a young female, dressed in a light mousseline.de- Leine drew, who was sitting with her feet almost in the water, the tide then making up. He took her on board his smack, and after giving her some breakfast conveyed her to Gravesend and brought her up to Blackwell by the Meteor steamer. He afterward, took her to Greenwich, where he lost sight of her. The young female then came en board the steamer Waterman No. 3, and landed at Lavender.dock pier, without paying her fare. She afterwards contrived to reach Woolwich in one of the old company's steamers, where she engaged a waterman to row her about for some time. Towards seven o'clock in the evening she was observed going down to the pier at Bellwater-gate, where Mr. Rose, one of the collectors employed by the Watermen's Steam Packet Company, observed her, and having just perriouely read a bill contain ing the reward for her recovery, he compared the articles of the dress she had on with the description given in the bill, and being satisfied of her identity proceeded at once to the Regent's-park, and gave information to her friends, who came to Woolwich and conveyed her home in a carriage. The young lady appeared to be labouring under some form of monomania, as the family describe her as being partici'. :arty attached to the eight of water, nothing satisfying her so much as to stand for hours gazing upon it. IRELAND. Dnamar, Dec. 2. The recent attacks on the catholic clergy have pro yoked much displeasure in that body. Archbishop hillale has published their vindication in a long letter in the Freeman, addressed to Lord John Russell. " Allow me," says the archbishop, "to assure your lordship, that were any clergyman found so to abuse his ministry as to excite any of his flock to any crime whatever, so surely would he be suspended from his sacred functions, and visited with the heaviest cen sures of the church." The archbishop is indignant at the indiscriminating censure which has been heaped upon the whole by ; and few are they, acquainted with the recent state of society in Ireland, and the influence exerted by the clergy in saving it from dia -1 solution, who will not cheerfully acknowledge the truth and justice of the archbishop's vindication. The grand jury of Limerick having, through Lord Gough, conveyed their thanks to the several Euro pean troops in India who aided in relieving Irish dis tress, his lordship replies, that all publicity in his power shall be given to the resolutions. "To me," he concludes, "as a fellow-citizen, this is doubly graify ing—mT early associations drawing me to that place of my birth—the long and loved residence of my fore fathers, and the resting-place of many of my family predecessors." PROVINCIAL. CLAYTON AND WILSON'S BANKRCPTCT.—It Weg stated in this paper on the appointment of assignees ;to the estate, that the lia bilities were 160,0001., and that the assets were intimated to produce from 12a. to 15s. in the pound. ! Since then, however, an unexpected defeleation has occurred. It appears that Messrs. Clayton and Co., who were 11111.11nfile ! turas as well as bankers, had consigned goods to a oommis lion agent in Manchester to the amount of 6,0001. which he had sold for them, and this was set down as a good debt in estimating the amount of assent, but it is now whispered that the commission agent has failed, having lost the entire of the • •., money in railway speculations. A private examination in the District Court of Bankruptcy at Manchester was Seed for yesterday, and the commission agent was summoned for examination touching this item, but be did not appear, and the proceedings had to be adjourned. Mr. Commissioner Skirrow directing soother summons to be issued. UNIVERSITY AND CLERICAL (Aram, Dic. 3.—na Isatsbre Mr. P. E. Thor*ld, flan u = l =no alai • aria et Omar anal, oa as ; mil lie am an M. E. Has. faa a. Pars yrs dialed se Ss Ibmw korlark.r. Irma salleater The urns ad Mid op, bar ten hIM dde We to l iseld ro la iis Earle Iterkairr CIA la& G. SAL, aid/. Oluaaa S.C.L, Mao et DR. Haffnuar.-0• W.iwdq lut a Ifialtlfitsof W slew of the wreismagy of Oisksaber w tisq al et as Mkt Oasis I o tar twir frat prep palralag sea the Ankllibs. of Oamlsfaii7 Wm* bar owesseslisst effebloielit IND& ID theme el fird. Thee mr• rumards et • Piso. T. Maw maim tris Wks , =meal swims this prawns t woe sellsoll Is le primes& The rassiselms van wllk sob 11s• 11 .11115•110. 11 ‘.. rimed Sot IN& }Misr awl* Imp Ulm Gimp ern Or Map of Direra ter far pormidlos. Panotounin.—Rok. C.W. D. Noon, to Flortloo C., Nor folk. dla. Norwich. V Aoßicuu.--Dreat Smeaton R., with Appleton-on- Wiak P.C., Tasks". ; dia. am; 4711., with roridecoe ; pat., H. Margin, isq.,• Irma by anik of In. J. Iteweli.—Oreetbazo R.; county and db. liaashi; 1711.; pat., Bp. of I.l=o/1i , vacant by death at Rev.& Mee. NAVAL. Pam lioxim—Last tWo Ulnae siva soda to such a the ollooto sod company d .16 Irby Mow a woo is bud. bank IS. INO, at the of Ito thins doing book bet they am tobtot bib tsyssYw youpordist 11 from Or nolot7 of gm of be MI bead bid arm bM lesllr at lio. 11, Now bl=aiM a i l lra ood= w ooorlos yomoby mg M. liOa rut: Mg. 7111. 13s. ; inninmele. rt dm. 74J. lb AL • Sit clan, 871. es. U. ; 46 elm. AIL 171. 0.1.; Mb sio ; IX Os. AL; Ilth elms, N. bs. 10d.; 71a elm, Q. b. 116.—T. Oiller, J. A. Ow, sputa ADIIIMLIT, Dio. 3. APPOSAITIOURIL—MiIters . R. C. Aim IA 111=I L . W. DAM. to —hootr : IC. L. lotbstliel to lel r e ar : O. D. Gard to ilipai—Oommll linter: H. roveve.—AWft Atiotant borpos a W. Z. lionbly to Vsildho.-11~ Aiding : A. J. Dryer% Its loaL—Cloolte bettlabb a D. N. Moo (r irk) to CroestOo ; J. P. lisMoy to litspit—per t I. Wisdom to 10. I eartial. pci .~