The Express. — London, England, 1863-08-06 00:00:00

PIESSE and LUBIN'S HUNGARY WATER , 1 PROPHYLACTIC', HH111444101N0, IN VIGOR %TING.— . I am not surprised to hero," says Humboldt, 'that ebbe*. eleraymen, lecture, authors, and ports pre IL the preference, be it nerebes the memory ." kamphallwenY the went for went weather, for hot and deprossire climate. A case of isla bottles, las. ed. : single samples, b.-4, New Hoodatrest, W. EVERYBODY KNOWS Mr. MILES. Abted Webb Miles RXMOVIM FROM nONDMILIET son, BROOK -STREET, MaDoeersquate, In 1864. The We. Tram" :originated by Wm) in an the New Ptigerna, "MITT= THAN RVKIL.- Zite erPrefili. TO OORRESPONDIMMI. advertisements Wended for " The Express" London Wowing Paper, must be at the °Mee, W, 80... Me-street. by Two o'clock on the do of publication. LYCLUIL Tat. Evunio, • SUDDEN ATTACK. Mews. Shore and 1111trticomb: Yli Henri& and Mee. Lee.—An 1 THE DIJKICB Moil°. Yawn. ireetter, Shore. Jordan. Itrn, and Raymond ; Weer C. laden Itlew % K. ferry. and Tau 6T !DlO, BLITZ la lf YINALZ CURIOSITY.— GILL&T GHOST BeiNg, with Professor Nooses adapta tion of Mr. Dtreks's Spectral dlualota—llesara Woodman and )(1811r3 DatrOlifatt —THY DIVE 01,1.11 E. HIGH WATIR AT LONDON MUDD' 71In DAT Mash*. 611. Tea... .. Attonsom. 7h. Twaoaskow—llonting.7.. 16u .. .Afteruoon. Th. 62,21. LONDON, THURSDAY, AUGUST 6. " Tea gleam of Federal success," which could scarcely be discerned by some people in this country, has terribly dazzled the eyes of the South. From Richmond, Charleston, Montgomery, and Mobile there comes a cry of distress which shows the sober opinion entertained by the Confe derates of the imminent danger which threatens them. There is no complaint against the generals, or against the Government. No one ventures to assert that if a different policy had been pursued the present crisis could have been averted. On the contrary, the Southern journals are loud in praise of their leaders. All that could be done has been done with such materials as they had in hand. But these materials have been exhausted—the South has Seen outnumbered, and the only thing now to be done is to recruit the ranks of the Southern armies by every possible expedient. That expedient is nothing short of a levy eii maw. Every male between the ages of 18 and 45 is now called into active service. No kind of exemption is henceforth to be allowed, and the natural result has at once followed ; for, according to the Rich• mond Enquirer, no less than 100,000 persons claiming to be foreigners have presented themselves at Richmond alone, in order to obtain passes for the North. It is impossible to deny that J EPPERSON Davis and his colleagues are justified in the step which they have taken. The Southern rebels have placed these men at their head, to achieve their independence, and to establish a great slave con federacy. It is their duty, therefore, to use what ever means they possess to attain their object. The terns of the new Confederate Constitution authorise the Government "to raise and provide " armies," and the Confederate Congress has passed a law enabling the Government to use con scription for this purpose. In ordering, there fore, every man between 18 and 45 to join the conscript camps, JIJIRRSON Davis is clearly acting within the authority conferred upon him. But the same doctrine must be ap plied to the North. The Federal Constitu tion of 1787 confers precisely the same powers on President Lnecotie. Indeed, the very terms of the so-called Confederate Constitution are copied verbatim from those of the Constitution of 1787, and the Congress at Washington has au• thorised the Penniman. to " raise and provide " armies" by conscription. It has been confidently weeded that President LINCOLN is exceed ing his powers by ordering the draft. It is with equal confidence asserted that the Confede rates are justified in imposing the draft. Both propositions cannot be true, except upon the sup position that a different interpretation is to be put upon the same words in different sections of the same people. But since the Federal Pamperer and his legal advisers agree in opinion with the Confederate Penniman and his legal advisers, that opinion is in all human probability unimpeachable. Reverting to the military situation, it is now clear that there are but three armies in the South —the army under Joarrirrow, the army under Bruno, and the army under Las. It is abun dantly clear that the army of JOHNSTON, which is now marching eastward, is in no position to oppose even a division of Gamic 'a army, which, it may be observed, has been re inforced by troops drawn from that of General BURNSIDE, who commands in Ohio. Beano now appears to be in the neighbourhood of Atlanta, in the centre of Georgia. And although he has been censured by some of the Southern papers for retreating from Tullahoma, the proba bility is that he found himself too weak to oppose the advance of Roexcamia. It is said that Baaoo and JOHNSTON are endeavouring to operate a junction. Such a result it is not easy to attain. But even if it were possible, there is no reason to suppose that both armies united would be able to oppose any effectual resistance to the com bined armies of Roezuraws, GRANT, and such of B URNSIDZIS troops as can be spared. Indeed, the Southern journals are compelled to admit this; and if it be true, as they assert, that the Federal force amounts to some 180,000 men, it is clear that their fears are reasonable. Some of these journals talk loudly of a guerilla warfare. But their efforts in this direction hitherto have not been very succ The last attempt under MOEOAN has been de feated, and when the great lines of railway are in possession of the Fedora's, any desultory warfare will be of no great importance. Indeed, those who look forward to such a system misapprehend the nature of the struggle. The Federal Government have probably no inten tion of occupying every town and village in the South. They will probably content themselves with occupying the Mississippi, the chief sec porta, and one or two strategical points in the centre of the country. This done, the Confederate States may be left to govern themselves as they did before the civil war. Of these seaports the chief is Charleston. Situated as it is on • tongue of land between two rivers, it offers peculiar facilities for investment, and even if that should for the pre sent prove impossible, there can be little doubt that the possession of Morris Island will enable the Federal* to destroy Fort Sumter, to take possession of the entrance into the har bour, and ultimately of James Island. Such • success would enable the Federals to plant their , guns within reach of the city. Under these cir cumstances it is not surprising that the Charleston journals should ho urgent in their advice to send away the women and children to some place of safety in the interval. The movements of the army of Genera! LEE ►ro s till s h ro ,;ded in mystery. It would be absuN to iliy upon the telegraphic announcement that the arrangements of Genersl MrAnt have already ensured his rivers destruction. It is by no means Lmi THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUST 6, 1863. clear that Mane has anything to gain by making an attack on LEE until be can make absolutely certain of the victory. On the contrary, so long / as LEE remains in the valley of the Shenandoah, he keeps a large army unemployed, and gives the Federal officers in the West time to concen trate their armies and to mature their plans, whilst at the same time it enables General l‘f RADE to obtain new recruits, and to di.cipline them. It is almost certain that the army of Lan must be defeated before the Con federates will sue for peace ; but to secure this result it may probably be better to dispose first of the other armies of the Confederates, in order to launch the concentrated forces of the North against the Confederate army in Virginia. IT seems difficult in these days to form a just conception of the boldness of the man who first put to sea. Yet some poet of the future may pronounce that the first railway traveller was hardly less audacious. Familiarity has long since blunted the sense of danger in the mind of the traveller by land or sea, or that vast and moody mystery of the rolling waters would seem only one degree more dreadful to encounter than the incessant and incalculable risk of rushing along a line of rails at the rate of forty or fifty miles an hour ; only more dreadful, perhaps, inasmuch as the forces of nature are not to be weighed in the same balance with the works of man. Fortu nately, even with insurance tickets in our pockets, we are as little disposed to forecast all the pos sible perils of the journey when we take our seats in a railway carriage, as, when we leave our London homes of a morning, to brood on the dangers of the crowded streets ; or, when we ride to cover, to calculate the chances of break ing our necks over a bullfincher ; or, when we are working off a rocky coast in a yacht, to dwell on the contingency of going to pieces among the breakers. Danger in a hundred invisible shapes follows us all, men and women alike, the boldest and the most timid ; brushes past us, hustles us, or slips away before our footstep. every day and hour of our lives ; in our homes or in the streets, in the field or on the sea, in all our goings out and comings in, but as we see it not and feel it not, and give it no place in our thoughts, it has no more existence for us until it actually betels than the sorrows of ye►rs to come, which a merciful Providence obscures from the moat anxious gaze. . These reflections have occurred to us in reading an article which we reproduced yesterday from the columns of a scientific cont,mporary, under the provocative heading of " Our Unoffending Prison " ers ;" or, in other words, " those who voluu " tarily subject themselves to imprisonment in " the close cells of railway carriages." The pecu liarity of railway travelling in England is, that all the ingenuity and activity of its organizers and directors appear to have been exhausted in adding to risks which are inevitable the aggravation of every danger and discomfort that the commonest caution or consideration for the lives and limbs of their fellow-creatures might prevent, and does, in fact, in other civilized countries, continu ally and systematically prevent. It is not enough that whenever • train approaches a station the lives of hundreds of human beings are at the mercy of an overworked or sleepy pointaman ; that, as it happened • day or two since on the Lynn and Hunatanton line, a bullock may stray across the rails and avenge its stupid fate by turning half-a-dozen carriages com pletely over, and crumpling up their innocent occupants ; but, by that coarse and careless indif ference to anything but fares and dividends which is characteristic of railway administration in this country, some single Passenger may be shut up like • felon and carted along like a sheep to the I slaughter, or left to be burnt alive, or murdered in a tunnel, or assassinated in the midst of a smiling landscape, without hope of aid, or escape, or appeal. And these are the minor miseries of, our railway travelling system which the Depart ment supposed to acknowledge • certain re. sponsibility in such matters considers " well " worthy of consideration," and does ab solutely nothing to alter or amend, beyond a fitful " Circular " once and again when something more horrible than usual has occurred. Surely, while we are criticising with all the severity of a people who own an inexhaustible storehouse of genius at the Horse Guards, the military shortcomings of our kinsmen across the Atlantic, it might be well for us to pause for • moment to compare the humane provisions for the safety of life on an English line of railway with those which are adopted, es the Engineer reminds us, " upon no " less than 35,000 miles of railway in North " America." There we find an uninterrupted communication along the line of cars, not only between the guards and the passengers, and between the guards and the engine-driver, but between every carriage and the engine, by the simple means of a signal rod within reach of every passenger. Nor is it practically found that this elementary precaution is abused by the vulgar folly of idle hoaxers. Yet no railway company in this country has thought it worth the trouble or the expense, or perhaps worthy of its dignity, to imitate so sound and sensible an example ; our Legislature, with all its ceaseless Pharisaic babble, and its religious respect for vested abuses, has done nothing to correct the barbarism of irresponsible Companies ; our smirk ing Board of Trade goes to sleep on its Circulars ; and railway travelling io England is still to railway travelling in the United States what an English mail-coach thirty years ago was to a French dili gence of the same period. Our railway carriages are crammed like cattle-pens ; the trains are sent madly rushing on each other's heels ; and here and there, in provincial districts, kept waiting for the arrival of some local and unpunctual lord or baronet. Smoking is forbidden, and every carriage reeks with stale tobacco ; gratuities to the Company's servants are forbidden, and you cannot get your luggage looked at unless the porter sees a shilling in your eye. If you chance to be put into a carriage 'etc-a-tele with one other meek and silent passenger whose brain is miedled, or whose nerves are trembling with suppressed mania, you are liable to have your throat alit or your breath stopped by some candidate for • mad house who chooses to regard you, as you sit un consciously dozing or reading, as • deadly foe meditating a murderous saasult, or at least as the author of all his imagined miseries. Such things are not fancies, but facts of repeated, of recent occurrence. Yet our railway companies go on ruining their shareholders, massacring their passen gers, treating the public as so much " rolling " stock," and not even the simplest and most obvious means of preserving life and preventing the most hideous catastrophes are deemed worth a moment's discussion by any board of directors. A hundred years hence our descendants will speak of British railway tra velling in the nineteenth century as we speak of ' Briti s h soft :: travelling a hundred years ago. This Is the "d ea d seas 'm "; in other word s , th e season of railway accidents ; and the voice of the press cannot perform a better public duty, in default of Parliamentary elope:we t than to cry aloud the scandal of our railway system to the civilised world. trbe coun. _ uSBORNE, Amon 5. The Primus Leiningen is convalescent, and the infant prisons is in good health. Counter Gleichen had the honour of an interview with the Queen yesterday. The Queen drove out in the afternoon accompanied by Prince= Louise. The Belgian Minister arrived yesterday. Sir George Grey returned to London yesterday. The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council sat yester day. Judgment wu given by Dr. Lusbioston, in the appea. from the Consular Court at Constantinople, " the Laconia.' The other lords present were Lord Kingsdown and Sir E. Ryan. Despatches were sent yesterday from the Colonial-office to the Governors of the Cape of Good Hope, Natal, and St. Helena. LORD i's OrrtcL—Notion 11 bereby given, that the State apartmenta of Windsor Castle will be closed coo Monday, the 10th inst. They will be re-opened, under the usual regulation', on and after Thursday, the 13th inst. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (raom WE owl oosasaroaDarr.) PARIS, WIDIRISDLY Evian. A great many sensational rumours have been cir culating to-day. The resignation of K Drouyn de Lhuys is spoken of in some quarters as a thing settled, and stoutly denied in others. There is • talk of the Duke de Morny being sent as • special ambassador to St. Petersburg. Then it is raid that the Emperor has written, or is about to write, • letter to M. Billault on the Polish question which will have the character of a manifesto. Negotia tions bearing on Poland are alleged to be actively going on between Paris and Turin. The Temps speaks of M. Benedetti as likely to supersede M. Drouyn de Limp; in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; but all these vague rumours and suppositions are merged in the fact that the Emperor has ar rived in Paris from Vichy, and holds a council of ministers at St. Cloud to-morrow. The ministers will assemble early, breakfast with his Majesty, and then proceed to business. In all probability some indication of his Majesty's policy will be disclosed to-morrow evening. In the meanwhile the ministerial journals, which are left in the dark, try to attenuate the importance of the undoubted news that the three powers will not agree upon an "identical" note, and argue that they will pursue their object, although by separate notes, with as much unanimity as before. The Bourse was in high spirits, and, under the impression that all fear of war is over, the Renal rose 90c. for cash and 80e. for account, closing at 68fr. in each case. Mobilier rose 67fr. 50c.—an im mense rise. The Southern Railway rose 42fr. 50c., and the other lines from 7fr. to 10fr. The Paya makes a stammering apology for Mar shal Forey's decree of sequestration against Mexican belligerents, which it admits has made a "certain sensation" in France. In the first place it uses the stereotyped Russian argument that sequestration is a different thing from con fiscation. Then it urges further that the decree was issued by Marshal Foray as a war measure at a time when it was feared that rich Mexicans might employ their wealth to pay guerillas to check the French army on its march to the city of Mexico. It concludes that now that the situation has happily changed the "decree falls to the ground of itself," will not be acted upon, and "therefore there is no use in discussing it." The latter argument is no doubt very convenient, but quite inadmissible. That the Monitenr is ashamed of the decree redounds to the credit of the home government. But Marshal Foray's act is not to be exempted from criticism in this off-hand way. On the contrary, the principles which guided his con duct, and might even, according to the admissions of the Paya, be acted upon again under the tyrant's plea of "necessity," deserve to be fully sifted, both in France and in foreign countries. It has been stated that Mexican officers now prisoners of war in France are loud in their con demnation of General Ortega for breaking his parole and making his escape while the prisoners were on the march from Puebla to Vera Cruz. The France Centrak, a journal of Bourges, now says that some of the officers quartered there excuse Ortega on the ground that be was run away with by his wife. She came to see him after the fall of Puebla, and urged him to fly, and upon his refusal to commit so dishonourable an action, gave a signal to a body of servants in waiting, who laid violent hands upon him and carried him off to a place of safety. According to this story, the Mexican ladies cannot " a warrior's feelings know or weep a warrior's shame." Certainly no English officer's wife would conspire to make her husband break his parole even to save his life. It is clearly General Ortega's duty, if he cares for his reputa tion as an officer and a gentleman, to repudiate his wife's act the moment he becomes a free agent, and to constitute himself a prisoner in France. M. de Montalembert's many friends in England will join with me in hoping that the following para graph, which I find in the France, may not be the precursor of any worse news : we learn with deep regret that a rather serious accident has happened in the Frenche Comte to the Countess de Montalembert and her daughter Madame de Meaux. It seems that these ladies, making a countr► excursion, hays bad a fall ; but it is hoped that the consequences will be nothing worse than a few bruises, Subjoined are some particulars of Prince Napo leon's visit to the works of Mount Canis : His imperial highness left his estate of Prassgins, on the Lake of Geneva, on the 30th ult. He was accompanied by Colonel Ragon, of the Engineers, his aide-de-camp ; X Charles Laffitte, president of the Victor Emmanuel Rail way Company ; and several scientific men. The train left Geneva at 7 in the morning, and arrived at St. Michel at noon. The prince was there received by General Menabrea, Italian Minister of Public Works ; and carriages were in waiting to convey the party to Fourneanx, near Modena. Up to that time the prince bad preserved the strictest incognito, but no sooner had the inhabitants heard of his arrival than they came is crowds to welcome him with acclamations, and followed him to the very en trance of the works. The appearance of the tunnel was splendid, numerous lights producing a wonderful effect. The prince and his party passed along the 1,100 metres already bored, between two lines of the workmen, 1,0 C.) in number, each of whom held a lamp. The boring machine was set in motion and several boles were made io the rock and filled with powder. The visitors were then requested to draw back and shelter themselves behind a large screen made for the purpose, and a eeries of explosions took place. The first extinguished all the lamps not pro tected by glasses, even those which were five eighths of a mile from the spot, sod the hate of the visitors were knocked off. At 6 o'clock the visit terminated And a dinner was offered to the prince and the other guests by General Menabrea. During the repast the band of the miners of the tunnel, entirely composed of Italian workmen, executed in a masterly =seer several French, Italian, and Polish national airs. The prince, after expressing the grati fication he felt, and congratulating the contractors on the success of their operation', returned to St. Michel, and thence proceeded by special train to Aix-lee-Bain', and on the following day returned to Pranging. The prince stopped for a few hours at Annecy to visit the town, and embarked on the lake on board the steamer which the Emperor gave as a present to the authorities about three years ago. Mustapha Pacha, Turkish Minister of Finance, has arrived at Marseilles. AERIAL Looomarioir.—This is the name (says Galignani) we most henceforth substitute for the more com mon one of ballooning, if we may credit what eye witnesses relate of experiments performed a few days since in M. Nadar's photographic eetablishment. Following in the footsteps of those who first applied the screw principle to aerial propulsion, M. Nidar propane the absolute suppreasion of the balloon, and the applica tion of the inclined plane wider the form of the helix or screw to the art of directing cars or vessels floating in the air. At the meeting M. Nadas stated that as early as 1768, that is, fifteen years before the ascension of the first Mont golfiere, the engineer Palmtop foretold the application of the screw to serial locomotion. At the same meeting M. de La Landelle exhibited several models of aerial machines con structed accordieg to M. de Pooton d'Ainfoourt's system, and which rose up automatically into the air, each carrying a certain weight, thereby proving the certainty of the theory. Meanwhile, an Anglo - French society is said to bare been formed for the purpose of building a gigantic balloon of an altitude equal to two-thirds of that of Notre.llanie, and which is to carry eighty persons, with abundance of pro. visions of all kinds, and even a printing-prey. A Lyons firm is said to have already delivered 12,000 metres of white sarcenet, at 7fr. a metre, for this purpose. This monster balloon is to be inaugurated at the great Baden horse races in September nut. THE PRINCE AND PRINCESS OF WALES IN THE NORTH. Their royal highnesses are not likely to be present, as was at one time hoped, at the opening of the Baxter-park in Dundee. In reply to an invitation addressed to their royal highnesses through Sir John Ogilvy, General !Coolly. wrote some days ago in the following terms :—•• His royal highness has directed me to express to you how folly he concurs in the high sense you entertain of the munificence of Sir David Baxter's gift to the inhabitant. of Dundee, of a park for their we, and the great satisfaction it would have afforded both to the Princess and himself to have been present at its opening had it been at all com patible with their engagements. Unfortunately at present it is not so ; and with regard to the future, his royal high ness is so uncertain as to the duration of his stay in Scot land that he feels he is unable to promise the attendance of the Princess and himself at the ceremony of the inaugura tion of the statue and park with any certainty of keeping the engagement. His royal highness desires me at the esme time to repeat his great regret at being thus prevented from testifying by his presence the interest he shall ever feel in the succors of so good a work, and in the welfare of him who has so nobly and generously contributed to the en joyment and benefit of others." In the absence of his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, the Earl of Dalhousie has consented to take a leading part in the opening cere mony, which hes been fixed for Wednesday, September 2. The Duke and Duchess of Richmond and Lady Caroline Lennox have come to town for the marries. of Lord Alexander Gordon Leooox sod Mies Townley, mooed daughter of Colonel sod Lady Caroline Townley. The Duke and Duchess de Saldanha and Donna Emily de fialdaaha have left the Clarendon Hotel for Bydenham. . _ The Marquis and Marchioness Cholmondeley arrived at their Nikko°, on Carlton-home-terms on Tues day, from Houghton Hell, Norfolk. _ _ The Marquis and Marchioness of Lansdon ne have ►aired ►t Lansdowne House, Berkeley-square, from Bps, in Belgium, where they have passed several weeks. The Marquis and Marchioness of Waterford, ac companied by Lord Bamford and Kim Leslie, left town yesterday, for Homburg, near Frankfort. The Earl of Powis, with the countess and Ladies Herbert, have left Berkeley-square, for Fowls Castle, mss Welebpool. The Earl and Countess of Dalkeith have left town for Scotland. The Earl of Wilton, on leaving Goodwood Park, Teat to Cowes for the yachting season. The Earl and COUUt43BB of Fingall have left Edwards'a Royal Cambridge Hotel, for Killer. Castle, Ireland. Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston leave town shortly for Weimer Castle, Kent, where the noble premier and Lady Palmerston will entertain a succession of guests. _ _ _ _ Count de Lambertye has arrived at the Claren doe Hotel from the hie of Wight. The Bishop of London and Mrs. Tait entertained his Eminence the Archimandrite Nilo, (of the Greek church) at dinner at Fulham Palace yesterday evening. The Bishop of London end Mrs. Tait 'V , be " at home " this afternoon, at Fulham Pala's, to receive friends at • garden party from four to seven o'clock. The bishop will be honoured by the presence of the Archimandrire Nilo', with his chaplain and secretary. Thu New Zealand Chiefs will also, we learn, be received by the bishop. Lord Kilmarnock and the Hon. Arthur Hay have joined the Earl and °ouster of Erroll at Slains Oastle, the family seat in Aberdeenshire. Colonel and Mrs. Plunkett Burton have arrived at the Queen't Hotel, Upper Norwood. The Hon. Charles Howard, M.P., left town last week for Naworth Castle, the ancient seat of the family in Cumberland. Mr. and Mrs. R. K Milnea have left town for Germany. Mr. and Mrs. Bancroft Davies have returned to the Clare=lam Hotel from Brighton. GRAMS, CYST TOR THE LAT' PRINCZ CONSORT AID YRS QI7IIX.—A stone has beau successfully cut from the Ceirogell granite quarry at Peterhead, which is to form a tomb fur Prince Albert—on a smaller scale, but on the same principle as the tomb of Napoleon at Pair, being placed on the floor of the vault, and not underground. The stone is tea feet long, by about seven braid, and three and a ball deep ; and it is to be out into a sort of sarcophagus to rest on a pedestal. Two cysts are to be cut in the stone for the insertion of coffins, and lids left to be cemented down. The body of the late Prince is to occupy the one cyst ; and we believe it is the express wish of her Majesty that her own remains shall be deposited in the other. The obtaining of this stone has been work of extreme difficulty —one or two fine blocks having been already rejected for flaws. The done weighs above 18 tons, and will at once be oonveyed to Mr. If acdooald's establishment in Aberdeen to be droned and polished.— PeterAeed ROYAL INSTITUTION OF BRITISH ARCHITE(TN— Last evening, the members of this institute, of which her Majesty is the patron, entertained Mr. Tile, M.P., et din. ner at the Trafalgar, at Greenwich, on the occasion of his retiring from the office of president, which he had held for two years. Professor 'Mealtime, the eminent architect, acted u chairman, and the emptily wee roads up of all the more distinguished members of the profusion in the me molis and other parts of the kingdom, including Mr. Gilbert Scott. Mr. Charles Bony, Mr. Pennim, Mr. Pem- Biome, Mr. F. I'. Cockerell, Mr. P. Hardwick, LA., Mr. S. Smirk., ILA., Mr. Owe° lopes, Mr. Ocoee, Mr. Ashpitel, Mr. J. Ferguson, Mr. B. Ferrey, and many other architects and persons of note. All the "styles, indeed. may be said to have been represented on the occasion. The Lord Mayor was likewise present, as were also Mr. Revitalise, presidrit of the Institute of Civil &gleams ; Mr. Thwaites, chairman of the Metropolitan Boa r d o f Works ; and MI. thick, M.P. A GARDEN REFORMATORY. —The occupation that in to be found in a garden bring. not oaly health to the body, but to the mind also ; sod where, from the =torso( the case, it is impassible to have even the 11011111114 garden meat close to one's own doors, we should encourage the establishment of allotment grounds—those sworn foes to the public-house and gin-shop—where the working man can profitably and healthfully employ his spare time, benefit himself and family, and be the bead-gardener of the household. So salutary is the effect that a garden may modem on the morals, that, in the Eastern suburbs of London, fa profes sional horticulturist has long same adopted the beaevolent and praiseworthy scheme of giving employment in his gar deo* to those young thieves who wish to leave off their sinful course of life and take to honest labour--labour which no one feels disposed to give them, and the Lek of which, therefore, throws them bock into their old evil ways. This humane person scenes to the rescue of those outcasts, and meta them to work in his gardens, where there is no sedan tery occupation in a close end stifling atmosphere to repel them at the outset of their undertaking, but where there is plenty of fresh air, labour enough to procure an appetite for male, sufficient society to be pleasant without being per uicsous (for there are wise rules on this point to prevent the boys from herding and plotting together, sod keeping up the contamination. from which they have base named), and sufficient freedom to make them feel otherwise than prisoners. After a time of probatioa, matisfactotily peeped, they are entrusted upon errands, an d soot to pay sad re. mire bills ; and then is scarcely an instance in which the trust reposed in them has been found to be misplaced ; bat ie the majority of case. the judicious treatment and the gentle delights of the garden bare completely humanised the little outcasts, and have folly reclaimed them from those "guilt gardens" in which their early years were putted. And who would not applaud their head gardener fog him truly valuable and Christian work.—Once a Week. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. PRINCE GORTCHAKOFIPS DESPATCH. The Nord contains the text of the despatch addressed by Prince Gortchakoff, dated St. Peters burg, July 15, to the Charge d'Affaires of Russia at Vienna, of which a telegraphic summary has already been published. In the concluding passage of this despatch Prince Gortchakoff says :—" As to the substance of our propositions, we believe that if appreciated in the spirit which has dictated them, and if honestly applied, they may lead to • rational and practical solution which would at once give satisfaction to the rights and interests of the three neighbouring powers, to the stipulations of the treaty of 1815, on which the general equilibrium reposes, to the reasonable wishes of the Poles, [and the solici tude which Europe has manifested on behalf of the tranquillity of these countries. We can there fore only regret the different impression which the directions addressed by Count Rechberg to the Austrian ambassadors at London and Paris lead us to anticipate." AGITATION IN ITALY. The Unita Italian of the 2nd instant publishes a letter from Martini, in which be calls the young men of Italy to arms. After an historical retro spect, extending from 1176 to the present time, and attributing all the triumphs of Italian inde pendence to the nameless heroes of the people, he concludes with asking the youth of Italy why they halt in such a noble career, seeing that Italy is not free nor its unity realised. "We shall not go to Rome," says Mazzini, "till Venice has teen conquered. An Aspromonte on behalf of Austria would be the death of anyone that should attempt it. ' Venice, Venice,' should be the cry on your lips. After solemn deliberation let it go forth through the press and to the societies ' the task of to-day is war with Austria.' You will do what remains afterwards." At the same time there appears a circular from the Venetian committee, addressed to the Venetian exiles, in which they say : Ton are the flower of oar country. Here mothers, sisters, fathers, remember with pride bow a voice once said to you " By becoming exiles you will serve Italy." Leave what you regard as most dear and depart. With you Venice gave its present blood to Italy and showed what she could do for our oommcn mother. You were the pride and the hope of all. Venice, without thinking of herself, devoted your deeds to Italy. Venice demands them back for Italy and for herself. Garibaldi has also addressed a letter to the Vene tian oommittee of action, dated Caprura, July 24, and published on the 3rd instant. He says : The salvation of Italy depend' on the courage of her people. Three years from to-day a spontaneous unanimous popular vote announced to the astonished world the kingdom of Italy. From that day her tree children have listened with attentive ears for the cry which was to call them to Rome and to Venice, and this cry has not been heard. The timid who should be with us have held back, and the enthusiastic are weakened, enervated, and despised. We moat sepa rate from the sluggards. The great day must soon come when we shall find ourselves engaged with the spoilers of our country, and then it will not be as it was in the past —a, mere play. All must take the sword and strike without pause, till the last link of our chains has been broken. Your enterprise is holy, and we shall be with you in body as we are with you in soul. Follow the noble example of the Poles. (Lguria's mimics.) THE POLISH INSURRECTION. CRACOW, Au(mem 5. This morning one of the civil guards was sur prised and attacked by several young men, who wounded him with knives and otherwise ill-treated him. Several arrests have taken place. PROPOSED ASSEMBLY FOR THE RE ORGANISATION OF THE GERMAN CONFEDERATION. VIENNA, Auoarr 6. It is officially announced that the Emperor, in an autograph letter dated Slat July, has invited all the sovereigns of the German Confederation and the senates of the free cities to meet in an assembly, at which all should personally attend, with the object of discussing the question of a re organisation of the German Confederation suitable to the requirements of the age. The Emperor proposes Frankfort-on-the-Maine as the place, and the 16th inst. as the time of meeting. The Oesterreiehische Zeitung of to-day announces that the Emperor personally takes the initiative In introducing reforms in the German Confedera tion. The same paper states that the German question was discussed by the Emperor of Austria and the King of Prussia at Gastein. FRANCE. PARIS, Amer 6. The Emperor arrived at St. Cloud yesterday evening at 6 o'clock. SPAIN. MADRID, AUGUST 5. It is asserted that Senor Pernmayavia has been nominated Colonial Minister. s:ersee.) AMERICA. The following is part of the intelligence brought by the Jura: PHILADELPHIA. JULY 23. The council have negatived the bill appro priating 500,000 dollars to pay exemptions for drafting men. The vote stood 18 democrata for the bill, and 18 republicans and 4 democrats against it. A bill was subsequently passed ap propriating 1,000,000 dollars for relief to families of drafted men. CINCINNATI, JULY XS. Morgan crossed the Muskingum River at Eagles port, eighteen miles below Scanesville, at 10 a.m. Scouts report Lis forces 1,000 strong, with three pieces of artillery. Colonel Lemont, of the 86th Ohio, sent his regiment and a large number of militia after him. Colonel Chandler, of Scanesville, and 25 citizens, scouts, were captured at Deerstown bat night. A melancholy case of sudden death occurred two days ago at Liige. At the moment when the marriage o Baron de Watts de Plainevaux with Mcllle. de Waha de Chestret de Howe& was about to be celebrated, the bride groom's father, an ex-senator, was struck with apoplexy. A notary was immediately sent for, and M. de Waha was able to give his fennel consent to the marriage, bat soon after expired. The wedding party, who had reached the Hotel de Ville before the melancholy event took place, at ones returned home, the ceremony being postponed. - - - The Athens journals announce the death of the national poet Maunder Soutane, whose poems are ex tremely popular in Greece. He was a declared enemy to the Bavarian dynasty, and was condemned to imprisonment four years ago for high treason. DEPARTURE or M. Du CHAILLU.—This celebrated traveller leaves St. Katherine's Docks in the ship Mentor, to-day, for Africa. Am oapt his stores is a complete photo graphic apparatus, for the purpose of taking views, portraits of animals, &c. M. Des Chaillu has received lessons in the art of photography from Mr. H. amidst, who has taught bins his newlvdisoovered quick process, by which means moving armdenta by flood and field can be transmitted to piper. We may thus some day hope to receive an inter esting collection of photographs from M. Du Chailla. INDIA. By the arrival of the Overland Mail, we have received the journals and correspondence that left Calcutta on the 23rd of June. The steamer, th e Bengal, put back on the 29th, with a broken screw, and the mails were brought on by the Mooltan, which sailed from Calcutta on the 3rd of July, arriving at Suez on the 28th. The principal intel ligence brought by this mail has been anticipated, but from an extra of the overland Ifurkoru of July 2 we make the following extracts : CALCUTTA, THURSDAY, JULY 2. In oonsequeotte of a heavy gale from the south.wast, considerable damage has been done to shipping in the Bar of Beng►l. The Peninsular and Oriental steamship which left Madras &little after 10 a.m. on Monday, the Mad June, did not reach her moorings until the afternoon of Sunday, the 214 h. The run from Madras to Sandheadv was made in 56 hours, but as tha pilot brigs had been forced out to sea, the Simla had no alternative but to follow their example. It was not until her third approach to the month of the river, that she wee able to ()Mein the services of a pilot. The British East India Steam Navigation Compa n y have been no lees unfortunate than their magnificent rival. The screw steamer Sydney, lately purchased from govern. meet, sailed from Calcutta on Wednesday, the 24th, haring on board some 540 men, women, end children belonging to the regiment of Sikh Pioneers, bound for Colombo. BM no sooner did she fairly get out to sea than her total unfitness to be employed on such service was proved beyond a doubt, Between decks the water was frequently knee-deep, and not a berth was in the whole ship that might not have served as a bath. The misery of the poor soldiers, and their still more helpless wives and little ones, was truly pitiable, but they bore up manfully through their sickness, and worked at the pumps night and day. The greatest fear entertained was lest the fires should be pet out, the danger of which was more than once very imminent; however, by constant exertions and by throwing a pot. tion of her cargo overboard, she was kept afloat, and late on Saturday evening passed Senor on her return to Calcutta. Another steamer, the Australian, likewise purchased by this company from the government, was eompelled, in a similar manner, to throw a considerable portion of her ouge overboard on the run to Akyab. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. The general features of our market have not undergone any very material changes. Transactions in exports have been somewhat larger, now that supplies are becoming more liberal and prices are yielding. Indigo prospects ■re gene. rally good; manufacture is going on rapidly. But little doing in sugar. Saltpetre Ices active, larger supplies, and prices drooping. Rice in moderate demand, at steady prima Raw silk in more request, and prices are firm. No demand for Combs at the late prices quoted. Linseed very firm, sod in active demand. More inquiry for repassed, but pricer unaltered. Jute quotes as by last report, with • moderate business in progress. Hides very firm and scan" with an active demand. Shellac is declining. Lao dye in good de. m•nd. D. T. sold at Mr. per mend. Safflower in good demand, with an advancing tendency. In imports we have scarcely any change to note in °atop piece goods. Dealers continue to meet their current re quirements by purchasing at the last prices we quoted. Stocks are becoming larger. The demand for yarns is again improved, and prices are decidedly firmer. la the money market there is no change to note. Hates of interest and discount remain unch►nged, and capital abundant. The stock market has continued to fluctuate within the rates we gave in our last report. There has been a mode• rate basieess done, and chiefly in Si per cents. In the share-market prices of old stock have ruled steadily. Great Eastern Hotel scrip has been is tem demand. Spence's Hotel Company is more asked for at advancing quotations. Bank of Bengal are in demand both for cash and for forward delivery at very full rates. The tea com panies are generally in favour. Ghola Chants have de clined to 35 and 40 rupees under completion of engagements. They are 'gain firmer. In exchange the transactions have ranged, with very little variation, at our quotations. Is freights the more free arrival of tonnage has led to a fovther decline. CHINA. From Pekin (says the Straits Times Orerlasd Mail) we regret to learn that Mr. William C. Milne, assistant•secretary to the British legation, died in a fit while sitting at table. He was formerly at tached to the London Missionary Society, and has written successfully on subjects connected with China. At the time of his death he was also in charge of the student interpreters at Pekin. The legation loses by his death a valuable servant, whose place it will not be easy to fiU from the slender staff of consular interpreters. Mr. Milne was deservedly esteemed by all who had the pleasure of knowing him, whether privately or officially ; his loss is therefore sincerely regretted. THE LATE EARTHQUAKE AT MANILLA. The following is from the Straits Times Orer(and Mail of the 21st of June :—" On the 3rd inst., at half-pest seven in the evening, • circumambieut flame was seen to arise from the earth and gird the city of Manilla (the ' Beauteous Flower of the East,' as she is Allay and poe tically designated by her possessors), sod at the same time • most terrific quaking of the earth took pleas. It lasted scarcely • minute, but in th►t short space nearly the whole of fair Manilla has been reduced to • heap of ruins. The abomination of desolation has taken pm session of her palsces, her temples, and her dwelling. pieces, and death and destruction have ridden triumphantly over the land. We believe that upwards of a thousand have been killed, and many thousands wounded, but it is impossible to say or to estimate. Scarcely an edifice has escaped without dead or wounded. The good priest., their chorister and ucristans, and the f►ithful who were bear log the vespers of Corpus Christi, have been nearly all buried ►nd suffocated under the ruins of the cathedral and other churches. The only church that has escaped wholly is San Augustin, the same that withstood the tee meadows shock of The palace, and nearly all the public and private as well as commercial edifices, have either been thrown down or shaken from their foundations. Thank God! not • single foreigner his been killed, but two, we hear, have been seriously hurt, though not dangereasly. The Rodrigues property, left to the British nation, and when the British Consulate was, ha been entirely destroyed. sod is nothing but • mesa of ruins. We must felicitate Spain on the conduct of her subjecte here of all Classes during this great and sudden trial : they acted admirably. Du governor-general and the archbishop set a brilliant example, which has been cppied nearly by all, of calmness, fortitude, resignation, and energetic sympathy. The city is deserted nearly, for the edifices threaten to fall suddenly, and there may be (though Heaven forefend it) • repetition. Before the earthquake took place sulphurous odours were perceived, rumbling like the firing of ordnance, and then like the approach of an immense locomotive and kale. The flame that surrounded the city was seen from the bay to ascend towards the sky ; and another, • tripled snake one, came from the laud over the water to the ship. pieg, and threw them up at least two or three feet ; while on shore the earth hes everywhere sunk at lout two feet. God help us ! we are all sick and nervous, and require all our faith and eonfidence to sustain us." THE MOOER Alen FoiIDMA. —A correspondent of the &Vona* writes :—" Having within the lut neves days traversed various moon and forests in Aberdeenshire and Forfarshiro and conversed with numbon of keepers and shepherds, we are ambled to state that better sport may be coofideatly expected on the 12th than has been experienced for a coesiderable number of years. On the various moors surrounding the forests of Bine and the deer forest of Glentenuer, the coveys are both numerous and strong. The splendid shooting rouges in Diciest, Wed Water, Lethoot, Olen of Ogil, and Gluquieh, ore shun dantly stocked with grouse and hares. The coveys gene rally number from eight to ten birds, but in several cam we sow from eleven to thirteen together. Burs all shrug ; and in the low grounds there appears to be an average stock of partridges in a healthy state. The deer forests of Invermark and Glentaener, belonging respectively to the Earl of Dalhousie and the Marquis of Abovue, are unusually well stocked with deer, which are in Arit-este condition. We bear of similar accounts from the moon and forests in the neighbourhood of Balmoral. Numbers of sportamen, including the Earl of Dalhousie, already occupy their respective shooting lodges."