The Express. — London, England, 1857-12-05 00:00:00

HARMONIUM —NEW MODEL—CRAMER , IMAM aid 0•.111111•••••Imi. WM DAUM NEWS s lAMWOR MuItRIXO a 6 Liam= r•• .0 6 .1i3% =ewe ma, se lamed minor a• sons rod 'elm _l4 Mi••-i•fh a t i la to Norm.. •Idl• o.l = maimmi Yle dm MR m. I ligloymos *mg us as cag.i.ay matt •szr .41 .• Oar ••• Is * *** ATIVLYUAILT • IUIPORT. Witwab ill aa= e r • • •ll a nr a r li r ti C it • ____.4 . **"* lrailmoill "." = l" .• INN • =Ow Zeudlim sini rs• ow loindlor sonalle Weft, I 2 a al n.rh gen NI • 1100. 1 •• =4==V * 11. ma emri:l. Ir., expregill. ~Nemo riiiraTiosiiii" amiss PM* MIONr 111 1110 11.111•1111111104 0.0 . 11 . 1 . disiNabli. TlNL"Unlink• 1717 NULL liiik or pow - W. VM7r a gm Chlt irjl. ca. - agot , r o or waTIII.--Ommor at 7. MOW Twin Wroorilk • CUM Orr: `oval as ca—Asl KLWO Es Cr L U TOE /ZOOM D. Kr. rot Ks. O. Kos.—D•wr ammo ~....A. TDB 171,15081 L /lima Cleowlet DIM /Wirt abbe Dresa—i3 DIA In NM •Imehoc . V.roloAlia4 DM Itionox—iail ILLIBIITOR HOD& Ku 1111•=16—Ummino a Wiwi EOM WATS& AT LONDON BRIDAL fen DAI-16.0.1, 41161110. lairsasa. ft. Oft ihriere— &NM& IL 11.1 MkalllM. MI6 aft LONDON, SATURDAY. DEMO= & Ni teal bagmen elf the Swim need but eight with the dismiss Meld ea the two wider et the CiAxczu.oft of the Ituazoosa. bet, hr tem to Writhe* a Bill of Isillmaily sad imendly, be _ . _ a reagpriatment al the OemmileTh e lest tirades ea the egerstise el the a_k &era The two pip ette= stand ea a Merest greed. sod larder dif fered sendiwatites. With regard to the prepristy of aitiredieg • Bill of 14;maity, the &Big of the Hoar err aeaaid•ee. O• this pat the dear, ea* •ad isaviedar dateeent d 1h• enamel-Loa 4 the Exciottosa bit se akeliative to verassable eon. Whether the est d the Devera seat arm to be reserdeelwith referees* to pressiest . . air to principle, tl; one in tomer of dr Sill of In demnity woe equally oeetwbordnit. Aa to pre maw; it woe clearly shown, by dr isangwersble • • • • • logic et kens, that the urgent Femme which had bate ►eld in 1847 amply to justify the sarpeasion of the Aet, existed in a far more aggravated kem in 1837. The exact position of the Bank at the time it the Isms et the recent Tteesnry letter is thus detailed in the essesaaniaatios transmitted on the Sad it December by ths Orierraor sad Deputy-Orraraar of the Bank to the Treasury. After stating that by the 11th of November the foreign drain for gold had been effectially put as end to, but that on that day a home drain for gold had set in, which neceesitated the transmission, between the dth and the 12411 of the month, of 2,000,0001. of sovereigns free tin Bank of England to supply the wants of Illootinad and Ireland: the letter of the Gann= red Deputy-Governor thus proceeds :—" This drain; " was in its nature redden and irresistible, " and acted necessarily in diminatioa of the " reserve, which on the I Ith hod issreseed "to 1,462,0001., and the bullion to 8,886,000 d " The public became alarmed, large deposits assn. " maimed in the Bank of England, money desists " having vast sums lent to them upon call were " themselves obliged to resort to the Bank of Eng " land for increased supplies, and for some days w nearly the whole of the reqmirements of commerce " were thrown on the Bank. Thus, on the 12th, it " discounted and advanced to the among of w 2,271,0004., which still left a reserve at night of 581,0001." It is impossible to convey the actual state of things in fewer or more pregnant words. Talk of hoard ing by merchants, indeed I look at the enormous hoarding of the London bankers as represented by that vast increase of private deposits in the Bank of England. Every pound sterling in all those million was so mach taken from the lending power of ' the discount house*, with whom, in quiet times, the London bankers keep their deposits at call. The discount hones found themselves suddenly drained of all their resources ; the whole lending power of this vast mercantile community was practically centered in the Bank alone, and use lending power of the Bank itself was chained down by the in.:- crab(' letter of the law of 1844 to a limit which every hoar wee bringing closer and closer. The alternative in fact was this—either an absolute re fusal of all further accommodation by the Bank of England, or a suspension of the Act. How was it possible fur the Government to hesitate? The cast iron devotees of a dogma, the pedantic slaves of theory might have been prepared to look calmly on while the whole mercantile fabric of the empire went down in ruin, a miserable sacrifice to an im practicable law. Here and there one of those espi halite, the interference with whose " legitimate" gains is • stock subject of complaint with the more thoroughgoing Stoics of the Currency School, might have been found to resent as a grievance any step which tended to abridge has power of making a harvest out of the necessities of the money market. .foriparidern ferient rei■a is a piece of cheap forti tude when the ruin of your neighbour is the making of yourself. But what was the Govern ment to do? What the Government had to do was that which the Government did. The raw pension, or rather, as the CHANCELLOR of the Ifs- CHErit'Ea very fairly pat it, the extension of a law which had once before been necessarily abandoned was on one side ; the desolation and ruin of the greatest mercantile community in the world was on the other. Ministers did their doty. The Bank by law had the power of issuing credit notes up to the limit of fourteen millions and a half ; they removed the limit rued extended the power. It was not an boar, not • moment too soon the greater intensity of the note demand in 1837 its compared with 1847 is shown in the fact, that the' power of increased credit issue, which had only been conceded in the earlier year, was exercised in the latter. Aod yet how relatively trifling has been the exerts of note ins* which has soaked to allay the home drain, and stem the torrent of the panic. The maximums expel of nominal Wm has been 2,000,0001, but the Neessieres excess of actual issue —the increase in the amount of notes " out with the " public "—has been only 928,0001. The miseiesisri total supply of notes to the public which was reached on the 21st of November was bat 21,3340001., little mare than a million and • half beyond the average note circulation of the most ordinary times; and yet how •ast is the relief which, with this relatively trifling MOM ever their normal note circulation, the Bank, by the relax ation of the Act, has been enabled to supply to the public. The demand for discounts and advances lad risen on the 21st of November to the enormous limit of 21,616,0004. and the sum actually rupplied to the public as discounts and advances between the 12th of November, when the Treasury letter Mend, and the Ist of December, amounted in THE EXPltigsB,- the aggregate to 12,645,0001. It theTreaatiry letter had not leaned when it did the Bank would have been compelled to refuse discount aco3mmedatioa altogether. We are fairly entitled, therefore, to take that aggregate of advances, which but for the letter would have been impossible, as some kind of criterion of the value of that letter to the mercantile community—as a rough mestere of the necessity of the action of Government, and of the degree in which it was fairly entitled to claim indemnity from Parliament for the suspension of a law which mold only have been maintained at a cost so ruinous. The other propoition of the CUANCILLON of the EICTIEW:ER—that, namely, for reviving the Com mittee of last Passion on the Bank Acts, es a pre& minaryto future Legialation—did not equallyenessed in commanding the aasent of the Hours. Mr. GLADSTONE, in 000 of his most animated and sae- Give displays of logical rhetoric, urged, with great force, the point that the subject of die regulation of tA. note lames, on the determination of which alone the expediency of altering or maintaining the Act of 1044 must really turn, had already been discussed and re-discussed beyond all hope or possibility of farther elucidation. The inquiry into the commercial causes of the recent crisis—the endeavour to ascertain in what degree the overtrading which had led to that crisis had been fostered by unwise and enemas* facilities of banking aocommodation—thia, it was urged with great ability, was a separate and most important Tustin, deserving the best oomeideestion which the most competent Committee eosld bestow wan it. The line taken by the CILAIICELLOI of the ESCHEW :ICI in dealing with this part of his subject andoabtedly lent additional cogency be these considerations. Sir o:renew/J.' Lewis ezpheitly admitted—what, Wand, Sir Rosser Put, in 1848, had frankly eastamed—that the Bank Act of 1844 had wholly failed to check that spirit of speculation and overtrading whisk is, after all, one great generative cause • such a crisis as we have just passed through. el C. Lawn went further. Sir Room Pert. eiesitted that the Act of 1844 could not prevent the incurrence of a mercantile crisis. Sir C. Lewis emitted—what, in fact, it is impossible for any can lAMB teikey—that the fixed limit of issue int:o iled by that Act socalautes the occurrence, and aggravates the intamdty, of a crisis. Thu, then, it glands: the Act of 1844 is powerless to check, powerful to aggravate, a crisis'. If this be admitted, surely a case for permanent legislative relaxation is abundantly made out. Bat the Cnnicstwa of the EICHEQUZZ did not stop here ; he showed convincingly that glue the Act of 1844, the mere sine sere of all the Banks in the United Kingdom bad not, and could met have, materially influenced the spirit of specula tion and the fluctuations of trade. lie showed this by the simple and unanswerable fact that though since that period the fluctuations of trade have been enormous, eventuating in two instances in a posi tire mercantile panic, the aggregate total of notes a the haw& of the public has been singularly uniform—and that even where it has varied, its va dation& have not corresponded with the increase and decrease of trading activity, u they mast haulms if trading activity had been developed by tbele abundance or diminished by their sentseeden. This is a fact, not • theory. We are neither denying nor affirming the possibility of a redundant issue of notes, and a consequent overgrowth of speculation—we are merely denying, on the highest authority, that there has on any coca - non since 1844 beau, in fact, such a redundant issue in the United Kingdom. And yet there ham been over-trading. What is the anavoidable conclusion, except that such over-trading has depended on and been produced by causes irrespective of the greater or lest issue of notes, and therefore that an in.. qairy into the operation of the Bank Acts, with reference to the regulation of the note issue, is really by no means necessary in order to enlighten as as to the generative causes of the recent crisis? Neither, as it seems, can it be necieseary with a view of ascer taining how far the restriction of the note Iwo imposed by the Act was a proximate monism at GP mincing and aggravating the panic; for thatpalet seems admitted on all hands. It seems difficult, therefore, to say that further inquiry is absolutely necessary before the Legislature can venture to introduce into the Bank Act a principle of elasticity and self-regulation in lieu of the present clumsy and circuitous prisons of Government interposi tion and Parliamentary indemnity. It is not easy to discover why Parliament should decline to make that ones for all legal by a permanent law, which it has twice bad to legalise by an occa sional law. Tits anxiety of Mr. Moscato' behave on behalf of the two English Engineers In the dungeons et Salerno, and the readiness of Lord PALMERSTON RR furnish every information last night, were ominously premature. If either of these eloquent advocates of British rights had only read the letter of our Naples correspondent, in our impression of yesterday, they would have been abbe to give us much later, and, we venture to think, much more trustworthy informs. two. Lord PAUIRMSTON'S narrative brings ss the most withal period of the story. Like a manlidy number of DICKENS or THACICERAT it bomb a jut at the moment when the reader would bum more. Even according to Lord PALMERSTON'S *my the King of Nsrxxs had, against all jetties and Inalmaity, refused to allow the British Consul to ND the prisoners. Indeed, it appears that the only parson who had been permitted to visit them was the Rev. Mr. P u o Et. the Chaplain to the Embassy, and that merely as a spiritual adviser. The position of thin reverend gentleman was delicate enough. He was attached to the Embassy ; he had, DO doubt, a wholesome respect for his chief, the Foreign Burr tary ; long residence in Naples had accustomed him to the atrocities perpetrated on Neapolitan pri soners ; and therefore we can readily believe, with our correspondent, that he would abstain from making questions the answers to which might increase the un pleasantness between the Governments. Naples is of course an agreeable place, and a quixotic attempt to procure the release of two working English men would certainly have roused the en mity of the Neapolitan Government, and pos sibly the disfavour of an English Minister. We are not surprised, therefore, that the English Chaplain should bass furnished the Foreign-office with a plausible Report, of which Lord PALMERmtoN has not failed to make dexterous use. But, of coarse, Lord CLARENDON knew thoroughly well that this sort of thing would not do. English workmen have miatisas and friends like English noblemen, and it that PARIS'S father lived at Genoa. The =it obviously the man who ought to see the ana His is the Report to which the public will adtash the most importance. Accordingly Lea CLARINIXDI furnished Mr. PARKS with a peewit and the funds to proceed to Naples. He horn see ended ht seeing his son and has made his Re port. he substance of that Report appeared in the Express of last evening. We cannot doubt its substantial accuracy; and therefore we sea roily oats the words of our oorrespoodent, who says It is a tale so revolting to humanity " that it requires neither addition nor ornament" Barely, Lord Pausessrott will not require even tl *or of • question put by an obsequious frie before he makes anoib-' -ant to the Howie on be too eager to this subject. lie will, of course, correct the impression produoed by his speak WI night, that the English prisoners had net been so badly treated after all ; to contradict," If he CM, thaw statements which have been so deliberately published. On the other hand, Mr. M. MILNE!! will not allow another night to par without inquiring whether the Government have heard the result of the Vice-Cowan , visit in company with Mr. PAW, the father, for which they were so anxiously waiting. It seems that on the 21st of November, Kr. Naas, the father, arrived at Naplee, with instrue . • tip from Lord CLAsiiipow. Permisgion to mo - . the Owners WU forthwith demanded. A tele. graphic communication was made to the Km. On the 24th the prisoners were transferred to " a larger said better room"— for what purpose la, of course °brims ; and on the 25th the interview took place. Before that it was . _ thought right by the officials to advise PAW of the arrival of his father. This, it seems, would not have been a vain precaution, though in fact it was not taken ; for Paus the father says :—" On en " tering the room is which the prisoners were con " fined I saw Wan steading quite pale and ins " moveable. I was frightened at hie appearance, " but I bad no time to think of him, for my son " rush. — d into my arms and swooned. I laid him on " the bed and tried to encourage him, and he revived, , " bet immediately he swooned again. I then said "to the Camel, My son was Miler subject to this; " ' his nervous system must have been much in ." fared.'" According to the British chaplain at Naples and the champion of British liberty—Lord PALMERSTON the Neapolitan Government has treated these men very properly ; in fact, the only thing of which them two Englishmen stood in seed was neither food. nor raiment, nor light, nor air, but books—the last camber of the Virginians perhaps. But we have the dory of the father. He lives abroad, and know, how to appreciate that "divinity " which doth hedge" a British subject; kis belieda have not been blunted by tenting fustian about the Citis Romany,* ; his tongue has not been paralysed by the fear of violating diplomatic etiquette. This father had nothing to conceal; he had nothing to exagge rate. The father felt for his son. The son felt con fidence in the father. PARIS has told his son's story. The public ought to know it. We pees by the facts which occurred on board ship, with the remark that these Englishmen, so far from deserving to be taken as prisoners by the Neapolitans, should ham been treated mo captives of the insurgents, and should at close have been set at liberty. Let as, therefore, follow the captured ship Cagliari to Naples. " There (says the engineer Puma) we " were taken to our cell and stripped naked, whilst • other prisoners were looking through the iron bars which separated them from us, laughing and jok ' log at Our expense. We wee examined, and " creee-examthed, till my mind was in an awful * state somfadon. When they saw that nothing a lOW be Mai Oat of us, they led us mod am " lees and Gelb, fearful to look • upon, and said, that if any guilt was proved arida tie we " should be pat in there. Finally, we were con " fined in a separate cell, fro damp and dark, " that 000 knows bow we kept our health—the " only window that there was was high up in the " wall. There was an abominable system observed "la our cell; in one comer of it was placed a tub, • or half-butt, in which to perform the necessities of " nature. During the hot summer weather the stench wee insufferable, and we were compelled to pay for the removal of it every night. Our prison " bre has been a soup that we could not drink—. ." amid so hard and bad that we could not digest it, " odd Ilium; in fact, we were compelled to seek for " mosey for our support, and it was supplied from " various sources, though, on several occasions, it " was rejected by the authorities. At our earnest " entreaty we were put into another cell ; and at " length we were moved down to Salerno to await " our trial. We were handcuffed, and that "severely, and bound by ropes round the " arms so tightly to each other that our flesh " was black and blue for rive days after." We might detail other cruelties, net less intolerable, which have been perpetrated upon there two English subjects. But it is idle to repeat what is said elsewhere. Still we (=not beget that the Engineer Wire has even attempted to commit suicide in order to rid himself of his misery. We have said enough. The only question remains. are there things true ? Will Lord PALMEISTON now venture to snare the House of Commons and the people of England that the only thing which theme Englishmen stand in need of is a supply of beaker Are the people of England to stand quietly by and allow the laws of humanity to be violated in the persons of two working men bawd the King of NAPLES chooses to aimed, and Lord PALMERSTON is willing to believe, that this violation of all law, human and divine, is the fettled law of Naples? No doubt, as we have said again end again, every independent nation mint be permitted to pass its own laws, and to execute them within its own territories. Bat this doctrios has its limits. No human potentate has a right to torture to death any foreigner accused of a crime, instead of bringing him to a speedy trial. This is what the King of NAPLES seem bent upon doing. But happily England has the power to prevent it. It is our duty to do so. Even as things stand the only amelioration in the condition of these prisoners has been obtained by threats and remonstrances. With a despot like the King of NeeLes this is the only argument. But if that should fail, this Insane tyraat will have to submit to receive a message from the broadsides of the English fleet, unless the old spirit of England has died out. Tux B .111 Pau.-11 promos of the bummer ema baskrepedes thitbe sommer- I dal cries has ormaimi 6 L• 664, Ramberg, Vilma. Berlin, Stockholm, NA awso9llB usher *me, % is _sot without Imam* le get them that Woe Lea gederei he l'sris dosing_ the met /*Freight :—Temdm, 17th M o . vembar, 6; WelmoW 10th, 2; Thersdap, Um, 1; gq, 20th, 11,• 66•6 y, 21st. nose; 2lll et t! Treisy, 246 11; Waimea sy, 2.5111, 3 ; awe; Friday, 22*, 8; Saturday, 26th, Th aer a rieeday, Rth, 1; 2•9** Is December, 6. The attrotar tYd74Marar. ami le-dar have not yet teem published. The total rim tyr es krtalght from the 17th November 19 re 1M of Demine, belb . riva, Is thee only 34. This maw is as se isms 60 meal average, sad It Is me* 1166 Ws 6066 16 ememposdiss fortnight of hat gar. Of 134 31 6466616 1•1 fewer thee 24 are of beim to a5ym116.1414101, 111Whelars, Mame, artlfleial Seem makes, edema mks* selluele melran, match makers, E dealsam,emllme, Irby makers, public-holm WI ashen, veg ea l =::•11:= avAlmen, carpent er*, or dolma la resdremeis lieM-41het Is to my, sal potty tisda/5; 11s of • esmgmg smkiag , of DO peva Importases ; Neek ere of " eimehrets," •• ex porters," or eambalutapsta." It is raft MI Net Perlman lamas burro 6. 641 •6146 wr eck rah 66re elymbs 6166. 616/ le be con- Masi peetlist It Is it um 011113 7 r igadm —s 666 1160 6 .... 2 6 4Me=f ae ril, eli tt is elm Ali mem MI ass in opal oralioThwirmilme; bid I r lowtodl, aribiblig 601 Inimi • arm aye yin. 1n am* 6900 60 weft& mq ismobi ma Ss butik qf 6146-64 66 may MON len bogus 6/6 bows la war,* fop nytylo66 006 MIMS MA Waft ilthebi 1 1110991 . 9 91 9 ditGro• It mat, - 1411* - 119 . ltl9hred that the dome of the your algra • preames owe* dlficaltiaa.—Parts oorrespoodent of the EirEkING, DECEMBER 5, 1857. It Court. --•-- WINDSOR, "MAY. The Queen, accompanied by the Prinotem Royal, walked and drove in the home Perk this Incasing, and visited the Dachas of Kent. at Fromm. The Prhacw Consort, with the ninon of Wale; went out Tle d" Ttake of Nemours visited her Najeety to-day. ' TMdayeirtare of the Court from Windsor to Osborne, I* of Wight, is now flood for Monday neat, the 7th hart. The Aetna) of the Court from Windsor Cestle will not emeed • fortnight. de deputation araltei on Earl Granville, Lord President, th the Privy Council-office, yesterday, to pressed • memo elal from the wagon of sera.' Ragged Schools, or free day Wirth, thr that elm of children who are precluded by their eltharmibotem from attending the echoola for the working dares. The object of the memorith woe to est forth ties claims of them schools to aid from the parliamentary rod for eduoathrh, and to pray that each aid maybe gi era. is may be adapted to the peculiar nemesidas ef the sihooL Present—Us - Berl of Shaftesbury, the Right Hem. Ith Jetta Paidagereh ILP., Lord Ashby, Y.P., Sir Ale= Bart., X.P., Kr. John Loots, M.P. Mr. Joao Wilate E :ll Casetif), Mr. Themes Haar (Helm, Mr. Chides ii .d = ). Kr. W lfr W . M. " teP . L . Dre - Hbt Ca;thintsr, Kim Carthage (117:1), Othemel /Alert, 11. P.., Mr. J. R L. Baker Ploseastsr), 314. ,h t im , Mr. 0. W. Mv. T. Hamill, M.P. , Mr. J. CI. n Ost a Z Mr. IL Ohaptha. The Bight as. W. Cermet, M.P., Vier Pendant of the Committee of Conseil cm Ida ebbe, eras femme, wftit Lord Orsavilis, at the assithg. In reply b the depabakm, Lord Granville staled that the =me maim eensiderstbs, with • view to to without infringing the =ir plat as erldoh ß i a ll ed se e =r ia y Lis administer the parliameatary gnats for public doe des. A elepotstion, combine( of Mr. Abbba, Chairman, tad Mr. Whiteside, Kr. Heath, tha Her. H. J. Cummins, sad thelitev. T. Wiltshire, Claardians of the City of London Bien, together with % gi Be d ; the solleitor, and Mr. Bowie', the dark of Ike had an larerviaw with Laßight Hos. 1. P. 90•11111111. the elm et the t o Law Board yethorelay, en the subject of a bill p ro posal to be brought Lb pediment for the purpose et affesthig m ega disputed easeente in the union. The Jiadidell Cesamlttse of the Privy Camel sat pother dsy. An appeal from the Court of Arches, Maker e. De them," was enammosd. The Leeds Arche s, were, the Bithop of Leaden, the Lords 'rude"' Knight Bruce aid I Turner, the Cheacellor of the Duchy of Cornwall, Er J. Panama, sad Ilk B. Ryan. , Despatches twee aant from the Colonial-office yesterday to dee Governer ed Benno& sad the Comore the Bubb Asturian Proviso.. DIPAILVTIZ Or HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS MINCE FIEDERICE WILLIAM. . His Hord Highness Prune Frederick William of Persia aid sere hit Leaden yererday, id moseed over to Celaie to a rear rad sad Wavy ra In the sal rear packet named la hownr d the Fehr, in or Year sad 44 mistime. Captain IPllweise, the Admiralty sapartear dent, and Captain leaking% the superintendent of the mali contract armor, Larded on hie royal Weiner at Derr. The Duke of Norfolk was prevented from attend at the opening of leftism:a, on Thursday taut, by the Maass of the duchies, who fa at Arundel Castle, slowly recovering Gorr the diets of a roost indlepoddoa. The Duke of Leeds has left the Clarendon for Hereby Cars, Yorkshire. The Earl de Grey is passing the seuon at Wrest Park, Bedfontehire, surrounded by • family circle. The Earl of Airlie has arrived in town from Cor rell Castle, N.H. Her ladyship Is raying ea a visit with Lady Stanley of Alderlay, at Aldsrley Park, Cheshire. The Counter of Caledon and her youthful family are peso* the semen at Widen House, county Tyrone. The Earl Cowper has returned to town from visit big the Countess Cowywr at Panshascre, Harts. rtaoount and Viscountess Goderich have returned to teem tram a bar of visits. . . . • Lord .ad Lady Stourton, accompanied by the lion. Alfred Iltoarton and the younger snub= ot the funny, have mind to town, and have taken a bonne fur abort paled in Lower Berkohey-want, Pariaten-iquirs.l Lord and Lady °canton. and the Hon. Sas Sono Loyd have swearsed to town, from Overmane Peat, Lord and Ugly Van:, of Harrowden, after a pro 'kepi Breiegne, have deterrolord ca going to the math of Prima where they will yrebebly maks • len lasi whom, Lae* tam a villa to the.nsighbourbood the Tyamer. ifife regret to learn of the death, at Rome, in his Mb per, et Me. Charlie Wipers Doming, youngest eon of Ms Jobs Seartog, Goma of licagAcag. The Dyke of Oambridp, attended by Sir Richard Mew, MCI., sod Camel Chas% vials& ettadhuret Col lege yamorday to eased the enentlailica of the midi. AUSTRALIA. We have received files of papers froen Melbourne 1 up to the date of Oct. 16. The Melborries Herald of that day oontaina the following summary : Our summary, on this occasion, will aseaserily be , lees copious than natal; from the fact that the European arrived only yestentay front Sass, which compels us to fill a large space with the intel ligence from Europe and from India. From Ceylon we have received much later sews asseeraig Aida* affairs than we could from the English papers ; and all that we need to say is--that the people of the Australian colonies take the most profound interest in the struggle of the mother country% prow% her Indian empire. That syn. %thy is not confined to welds rely, lir the greatest agar awe has been mound to do wasething towards the Whin anoe of the object, in may reasonable manner that ass be pointed out. A requisition has come down for the supply of horses for the Indian army, sad great promptitude, end eves estkeeleant, has been displayed =tong the large stockholders, belt et We whey and New South Weise, to comply with the wourel. The seal of our colonists has gone beyond this, and It Ina been mid that there would be no difficulty even In newing Ihe haw with volonimn hoot awes the beat diems mil in seam hardy bedews In the weld. We mom that tae teaufeemy dikes here we ccefined, almet andadvely, to the vaddlled law n; hew shown dig tae Me of vases, It, the Mike order of medwales, Ms pensinil astiwaged, and that they are NM India to midis thepslied all the advaatsges and ietannilles of eight haw system." Work is offered by the gewem mot le ilia, Esomployed, at the tate of is. per day, with the to erg loW MS tools—fuel and water. Fourteen ham eel wee at we time employed ea the roads, but they us %play Ilimppemkg, as they end mere desirable and pro fitable impleywiset either in tows or weatry. The Land Bill, Introduced by the government at the.itssii gation at the emwttres, and which gave rise to the meat vehement contention ever keown In a colonial legislature, after having been puled by the Legislative Assembly, has been thrown out, on the second reading, by the Legisla tes Council, and that by a majority so large (21 to 6) ea to lavejustilled all the hostility we %pressed against it. The soregawas is that the old trepidation, for the sole and oo oepatka of land, still remain is force. Of course, a sew land will be required; but our Mends in England may rest astrwal that, while it most, in order to gin satlsteMen to the maple, be one that will give the greatest prestige facility le loos Wistotat, It will not be one that will violate, in coq partienbr—stal less in any eeeential principle—either Iheywhils welt s the public faith. We ataled, be ear lest summery, that pest controversy hal edam ea la %bled of tallways,—both ea to the dine *. erg the win hunk lint, and the brach' and loglaser keg earaftemonla, mar which the work should be under taken. Three inellens re sew to proem of attuotessat, The Assanlily pandas hats introdtewl by the gaversuesat, providing fir We am hag ecamerseed simultaneously— one from Oster M Ilenearat, sad the other from Mal bourne is thisihmt, Imo& Cwllawain•—and el% for robing the mama by a hen of eight =Mims. The Taw iitel to new Whoa • idea esassittee el the Upper Howe. A bugs pepsetke of the liberal party in alb colony has been griewesly slimppointed by ths rejection of • bill for the Arabs elf the State Aid to Batlike. It pseud the Lower House; bat we rejected in the Upper Howe, by a small majority. The bill was not, however, to eke effect for three years from the pawing of it; and no erre of parliament la likely to terminate, without renewed efforts to aoornplish the object, of making religke star* independent of • pat inas/story endowment. A bill to provide for the education of tha people has been introduced by the Attorney-Gauen& It is founded upon the principles adopted in the New England States and in Canada, and there seems • reasonable probability that It will meet with some support. Last of all—we may median the Eletotal Act Amood mint B 111—• bill introduced by Mr. Hotness government, at the commencement of the session, and which—while it allows the non-reident freeholder to rota, and even gives undae facilities for the creation of fictitious faggot vote— dreg, et the same thee, confer the franchise on every adult male who can read and writs and is sot labouring under any legal Incapacity. The bill has pared the Lower House almost umennosuly ; end it is confidently believed that ft will be passed by the hearties council, and become the basis of • traly liberal represteretion of the people. The Melbourne Argus of Oct. 16 gives the fol lowing intelligence from the various mining districts : The reports from all the gold-gelds are highly sadidactory. At Strata sever new rafts cos Boxing Reef have emelt gold, end the tees, although not etch. give promise of akedisig eneloynent at fair wages, for a long time to wafts. At Maur the Great Northam shaft has been Inter 1, led the yield he been it excellent one, but the gray obtained has not transpired. The Ararat gold sae swelbele is receive saketantial testimony that this dis trict is owe of greet darer, and likely to continue • profit able gold-bell for years to come. Several quare-reeb sew being mainly worked. A prospecting claim hes bean awarded is • party who struck • new Wen ell ground, the sinking being duty feet deep. The whew am asst down shoat Flesiesat Creek, and appear ie he big well lisobseswek hes been quiet, but the anwher el qpietnees mend, alter a smart shower, in the broken lumen wed ke nestelling the roads bad caned • =o rnate:7 asciteert. The yield about New Town, where • large number of mires have located themselves, hes beat uncertain. Many deli patches have been turned up, while some parties bus mot with bare remuneration for the labour upended. Some new ground has been opened up towards Daisy Ha From the Alma the accounts ere fevourshle. Some good parcels lave been obtained at Mount Sarong from the alluvial workings at Baker's Gully, Potter's Hill, and Italian Point. Nothing new has reached town from Budigo end the Whip-stick. Great excitement we caused early in the week at the prospect of the rich surlier one lands at the junction of the Campeepe end Coliben being offered for sale by the mown at auction; but this was speedily allayed by the withdrawal of the lands on the re monstrances of the diggers arriving at head quarters. Forest Creek, Fryer's Creek, and W Ivor have not presented say new learns since our last report. The ovine district to still yielding its weekly average of 7,000 ounces. Some old ground on the Two Mile Creek is being worked for the third time and is paying. The bite of the old Chinese encampment he been " rushed, " and the whole of the ground taken up. It is pro posed to thorciaghly test the working in Bowman's-forest by a paid prospecting party. If this design can be practically cured out without leading to the putting forth of fictitiou s claims, it will set an example of economising labour, which is now too often entirely thrown away round about new leads. The Omeo diggings, without being rich enough to attract population, ere yielding employment and fair wage to those who have settled down there. On the Nicholson and Livingstoos Hirers parties are at work sluicing, and ' are doing well. Quarts-reds have been struck in both these localities, but the accounts of them do not give promise of their turning out very rich. The Melbourne Argue reports in its commercial summary : The money market has been kept in en unquiet state by the discussions on the reilwsy finance scheme in the legis lature. Beyond this there is little to report in the money market. The bills falling due on the 3rd were well met, and, as usual, a quiet week has follows& There is still a larger demand for discounts than the banks ere willing to respond to, and speculation is thereby checked. The enormous values of the stocks of Imported goods piled up in the stores, and the ooatinned influx of cargoes, will render the market heavy until the latter shows genuine signs of a mesatlon. For money on mortgage there Is a full dsmod, which is immediately met in all owe where the pee- party is well situated, and the margin ample, at from 8 to 10 per cent. The banks charge 7 per out. for discounting bills having under 95 days' currency, and 8 per cent. mini mum for those having over 95 days to run. For renewals and for overdrawn accounts, 10 per cut. is charged. Since the alteration in the =nee of the exchange on England to sixty days instead of thirty, without an equiva lent alteration in the rate, there have been manifestations on the part of the large hour of discontent, and large psr oda of gold have been shipped by them as remittances. This has led to • alight modification by the banks. The rates at which drafts are now issued ere 4 per cent. premium at 60 days' right; for amounts ender 601., at 2 per cent. premium, at BO days sight. Bills 'pest gold are purchased at 1 per cent. premium. Freight on gold by direct steamers or riling verde, lid. per ounce, deliverable In London; b rumes per cent. By the Overland route, per cent., that is, 7d. per ounce, ea nearly it passible ; insurance 1 to li per cent. There is very little new to report cc the state of trade end comments at this port. Stocks are far too heavy, end shipments still in excess. The spriog scorn hes not yet fairly set in, but the caution with which country buyers are LORD PALMERSTON AND P. cry as hr.) rear Can my one believe that the usention of repo- e natedye relbesa was tacked to to the Boyel Alines for say caw roma than that the Premier watt Amid to leave it oat f The moopitlon ef the adeeet was with and distant, It a wrielshy as napelatabie Intradar—mdered, but not widoessa. Not that we holism Lord Palnameloa's amnion to reform le based as say nikaal dislike al Innovatfon. Bat be does net 'sienna the tobjen. And should it ever bemire the question of the day, ethers would take the lead eat at Ids bands. This it the sewn of hie crmoseloll opposition to Man% and la what Mb fad to the added Mismanage on the tople. BM we mew new hetet that oppoillon toted solely on motive, of mlf•latannt is liable et any moment to be changed to,. edynney. If his lordship should once Swine Chet mon Es. might be Incurred by thwarting Mr. Lock* Xing, or Mr. Roebuck, dramas by submitting to a contrast between himself and mere emompthhed datermen, be would yield that WSW. W. ism* benne there to no popod dm of reform, 11•1112 to the told dlsreptare of our metal system, tram which be would withhold hie meat. Lard Granville, we must remember, spoke TA more dedeion than his chief. And we trust the united ussermalve party will continue on their 'nerd spinet three weld rumen of the Preseita's wantonly,' tanned= thrown out wily to dinvna emplaket till the named for action Mall sides. LIBERTY OP COXSCIENCR 121 LYDIA. (From the Saterday lboisto..) We hope we need not argue with the Bishop of Oxford is to the value of that outward Christianity which sloes it is in the power of the state by force or bribery to produce. We need not tell him that when hats add lost meet together in any breast, be It that of • heathen or • Christian —be it that of • Naas Sahib or • Borgia—they create a hell ; or that, ffeadlitt se the crimes of the Sepoys are, they ere scarcely so fiendish u those which have been committed by Christian priests and inquisitors in the name of Christian love. History monis everywhere terrible sbyssss in human nature; bat it schools us te treat humanity everywhere on undeviating principles of justice, unmoved even by the most borribe aberrations. We have no serious fear lest England should really apostatise from the principle of liberty of conscience in the government of her great de pendency—much lees do we imagine that she ran be guilty of so shameful a Mies Ma to exclude from political employ ment in India all its inhabitants who do not profess the re ligion of the stet& Our nation Is happily separated by en impassable gulf of thought and feeling from the possibility of "asserting its Christianity" after the manner of Cortes and Pizarro. But we are sorry to see a moment's wavering, even under the strongest provocation. The principle of per fect respect for liberty of oonscience is the last, the hardest, the most precious conquest of humanity over itself. Oa Its maintenance depends the only reel insurance which the world ma have even of revealed truth ; for whin would be the assurance even of revealed truth In a world of mental slaves Y Ragland seems charm se the guardian of liberty of conscience in Europe at the present time. To guard it faithfully Is her beet tribute to ileavan—her best &dote the respect of all that is good and noble in the world. That she has guarded it well will be her glorious epitaph, when, in the revolutions of empire, her power end wealth shall have beoune a legend of the put. Distance and climate do not change principle. The conscience of the Bindoo is conscience, however clouded, though declaimers may pretend that good is evil and evil good, by the law of the prophet and the institutes of Menu. If It were not so, it would be vain to offer him a purer religion, for he would be incapable of seeing that our religion Is purer then his own. Double, treble the number of your missionaries and your bishops. Speed in every way the apostolic week of Christina love. But the sword is forbidden ; and not only the read, bat every influence that mu compel or Indies the heathen to offer to the God of Truth the unholy tribute of a hypocritical profession—the unclean sacrifice of a lie. operating does not hold out much hope of any great brisk. ors in any branch of trade. The value of the imports for the year up to the close of September amounted to the MUD of 11,722,9231., and that of the ezporta to 10,974,8901. The first amount is far beyond the legitimate consuming power of a popalstka of something under four hundred and forty theorised seen, women, and children, and until some nearer calculation of the actual wants of the colony is arrived at, there can be no improvement. Speculation has been kept within bounds by the determined attitude of the banks and of the first homes, or something like a repetition of the events which thersoterieed the year 1864 would have been brought about, and the interests of shippers entirely maritime,. At present nearly every dessmiption of imported merchandise, except eastern produce, is selling at very low rates, but is not foroed Into the market far naiad= at ell hazards, THE PANIC AT HAMBURG. ON SUNKAIIII •1D NAMUR TILIORAPN.) (TOOK OTM ovw onuoirerzuw.) HAMBURG. ?MOAT. The Senate has just convened another extraordi nary convocation of the burgersehaft for to-morrow, to empower the former to establish a government discount institution, with thirty millions marks bane° capital. THE FAILURES IN HAMBURG. According to a letter from Hamburg, in the Ind& pendants of Brussels, the losses caused to that place alone by the recent bankruptcies are calculated to amount to 100,000,000 marks bunco, that is, nearly 200,000,000 fr. The same letter announces that de plorable news bad been rewired from several towns in Poland, and that failures in the corn and oil trades at Stettin, Kcenipherg, and Dantrie were expected to cause financial diluters in that country. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (PLOW OWN OWN OM PARIS. FRIDAY EVII2IIIO. The great news of this evening is the non-appear. once of the Press* under very remarkable circum stances. An article appeared in that journal lent evening, signed by M. Nefftser's successor, M. Peyrat, in which the question of the parliamentary oath was discussed. The refusal of the oath by MM. Carnet and Gondchanx was very severely censured, on the ground that they had sepa rated themselves from the democratic party at the moment when it bad been generally agreed that action was desirable. It was moreover said, with much justice, that when they sent circulars asking the electors to vote for them as member, of a body in which they could only sit by taking the political oath, it was implied that they undertook to fulfil the condition. The no- tations fact that the opposition electors of Pads wished the representatives of their opinions to take their seats is dwelt upon, and the conduct of MM. Carnet and Goudchaux is contrasted with that of Dr. Herron, who consented to take the oath in deference to the wishes of the electors of Lyons. There was a reference town assertion made by the Press* the other day, that there were symptoms now perceptible in Frame of a revival of publics opinion, and after speaking of passing events in Piedmont and Belgium, it was said "It seems as if a general cry had been raised from one end of Europe to another, Rise and march!' " This latter phrase was, however, manifestly a figure of speech, and not in the remotest de gree an appeal to physical force. Upon the whole, the article, although making some what light of the obligation of an oath—and in this it was by no means out of the fashion in France —was, it seems to me,of a very harmless description. However, it has excited the ire of the government. A decree has been sent down to the Prow office to night suspending the journal for two months. The measure will he probably thought extremely ill judged, particularly after M. Troplong's speech boasting of the substantial liberty which the impe rial constitution had preserved. At least 200,000 people will this evening call for the Press* in the ea/lain vain. The Pays is very indignant with the Times foe . having represented that all the members of the Corps Legislatif were decorated with the order of the Legion of Honour. Your contemporary, who drew a jocular picture of a respectable set of gentle. men all twiddling with a red ribbon at their button hole, evidently did not mean to be taken literally, and will probably be surprised to find how near its statement was to the exact truth. The Pays now tells us that oat of the 280 members of the late Corps Legislatif only Hte wore the much coveted order. The Bourse has again been very heavy. The alarm ing rumours concerning the Credit Mobilier continue. It is certain that this institution is compelled to sell part of the immense amount of securities it holds at enormous sacrifices. The shareholders who got 200 fr. interest for their money the first year and 100 fr. the second are in a state of consternation, being told that they are not likely to have any dividend. There is a rumour that the Credit Mobilier may be, per. haps, suppressed altogether. The Rents for account kll2oc.,closing at 67fr. 50c.; Mobilier fell 37fr. 50c., the Lyons railway fell lefr., and the other lines from Mr. to 10fr. Private letters from London mention several more failures. THE PENINSULAR MAILS. (IT miser= Tirammarx.) SOUTHAMPTON, SATURDAY. The Alhambra has arrived with the Peninsular ' mails. She left Lisbon November 29. Amongst her cargo is specie to the value of 10,2501. A heavy gale raged in the River Tagus, from November 28 to the 30th, causing much damage to the shipping in the harbour. Three Portuguese vessels were reported to have sunk in the port from the violence of the gale. A schooner was also seen wrecked under Port St. Julian. Her Majesty's ship Curlew was at Gibraltar. The Triton was at Vigo ; there were no ships of war at Lisbon. From Lisbon we learn that the fever has abated. It is stated that the French physicians have re ported to the French government that the fever is of the typhus class, and that it has been caused by the unwholesome state of the sewers and the gene• ral dirty state of the city. The Bishop of Coimbra has been appointed Pr triareh of Lisbon. The young King is very popular, on account d the kindness he has displayed during the raging the fever. The plan of powdering the vines in Portugal wit► sulphur, to destroy disease, has damaged the flavour of the wine. The yield of oil in Portugal is short d the average. In foreign exchanges at Lisbon no material altera tion has occurred. The Pays has received a private letter from Loa• don of Dec. 2, stating that it has been decided to scam fbil life of the King of Delhi, and that he will be imprisoned the Fortson of Tailors for the remainder of hie days. No' Ted* Shah, Mug of Delhi, now in his niaety•tbini 3 154 ill the representative of the family of Akbar Shan, one d founders of the Mogul empire. I