The Express. — London, England, 1848-12-22 00:00:00

. Iletiose=m e si Depaties,—_ Never hes it bees to OW goi• May* Gad myself is the midst of yes. Om ths deth at racial which we ha" put though ; sad I hips, emthimity, that yes will ass et hew emu mere reetived to issesserses you sleets mai mettiens to th us ed the throws .ad of the sonsti talks at the Ai wen to be Imputed frees Be =Leibitais Or 11111111111M1 I 11111111M11 w* alltdin 1 = 1 . 11 1:11 . 11 1"1"1"1" while I ga. ammo 011 see so meat I menet an ether sea islimattie OWL The Ongrenie r lt= has ' bees to gthth tie aphal of the sathelle world, sad to ' met sitige Is a Minn. keg. IJader eirousteases so die , sthese, I haw set s .meet thellated Is Woe to him the support of lips* end a seems sod essilsl myna ia this ithetastly eithelle sad piers maim len railed to es. • poem ha hien em semi to yes that the relation ehly istesisi, wilt the ether (Reign ether the Muth of Prank, fliedlede. s ; Asserls, sal =a r Wise seat eassissinly disk mpromeitedne to my seen. MI6 as saw Pas* tomb& ban has established the.. Meal* masitnes maids has always prenlied bowies two sthglibuting pespin nisei by so mu., sad moist& du. essinesoss (somPtinietsto sw i whisk it .lend aill ai rthn bie lasis et moat to . have erellelawedi the latsemptith of relations Inglisd ; but I Inn inallieney that th ese will be re-utablished a bolts two tneadly amine es soon a the sets sad isteatises of the gennasst have lass dal, eneinte/ In the =lf the ussigestsi sod deep c disorlion whisk ban shams &mom Ilpia hes ruseised fisitlitsl to the throne sad butitutisse ; severthelese, mild= hat es turista wis dom WWI lie hied, stsinlig with bleed the very struts of the and the cities sad plans ad the : although suited to abominable alliance, the mat tastiest ben had to enema in ell vesiss zit: l?, parts before asses end loyalty of the 'italics, the bravery end dissigithe ef the may, sad daisies of the goveranest and authorities. Is = dose nimbi rebellious 10re.., width I expose will very shady disappea r. To this baggy esselt th e measures adopted by my goniumest bus esstribetei wry elle& =I. use oldie tissetiisteryillealties which you have to It in the gut isbat sambas, kering mob patent the provirios sad Julielehasss with which the Costa peeseeded to gnat that eatheriestios. The provisoes bengal us. both la Amides awl Aria, weley seder the tutelary shears el the thsthie mastry as evesintroming prosperity; tisk eseelmt and tiergaienl Milky has ass onl delivered Om teem the diessin width have .dieted la th e.. mime Ste seesaw el ether emu:ries. bat his also maths' them to sari ibistmesteil ad silleasious aid to a pipslaties width, is desist sod tranlatiss, thought with nom that their appal to Cesthies beam would not la fruitless. The army has mesund mai the obis through whisk h Bumps is weft is severe eshordiastiss sad dial pline,and to thenind Mitt valour it owes tbehigli glees which tt enjoys in the ensue of the Ratios end is Wee- United with the navy, it his cased to be reopened ent penossioss is Africa by the disorderly Moseish tribes, sad Ws someired ia Asia the pirates which infested then mos, destroying their establishmeate and fortiticetiooe, taklag pommies ef their ships sad sumerous artillery ' sad giving freedom to a greet number of Christian captiv es. In die Peninsula it has sustained the thecae and coutitatia against all kinds of seditioas. Events which are well buena to you have not hitherto permitted the attainment ef all the results which en to be expeeted from the plea of sontribation voted acne years ego by the Certif., nor the jut equilibrium be tween the pub lic tarlatans and income. To this cause principally it is to be at tr ibuted that my government has found itself obliged to make ass of the authorisation which you have grained to it, to decree and enacts reintegrable anticipatioa od 100 militate, of which meant will be given to you in•the das Ilona The estimates and accounts correspond tog will be immediately set before yon, in order that, exa mined by the Cortes with their accutonsed wisdom and cireumspectkes, the public service may be mend, and thou eseliaatioes iatrodued which see demanded by commerce end agriculture. With so less interest have been considered the righta of the state's creditors, both home and foreign. In spite oldie 'only saailless which have been made, aid ue still making by the nation, to settle pew. in the menet chy, my governasest will not fail to ea all your attention end solicited* towards the mesas mat 000dunve to de me liorates& of aedit, doing junkie to the creditors. NA withstaading the infelicity of the nines, which are certainly far from favourable to the development of pubic prosperity, eon , iderable improvemesta have been mule I. divers pests co the adosinistritios of the state, rid at the pre rat time others ere heing completed of no less importance, as well in the branches dependent as the \Me sad marine departments as of those of public works sad instraetio*. Of all width remains my goverment will affirm yea is detail, aid will pretest to you the laws secessary to gin complete effect to what ls roared. Is virtu of the autho risation grunted to my government to .' a manna le;isie. are, the sew pond code hes bus put in vigour, in the dis position of which It has been artessary . to make some alters nos, of which eatatint will he nven in dee seems. There will also be laid before you uner laws, Imperiously demanded by public convenience, at the ► head of mkt-% will stand the law relative to the permanent and dere sus dote lion of the worship and clergy. Such Is, senores, creators, and depot ir.:the rneral'aspeet of the stab of the country and of the labours appertaining to the present legislature. Never has there aided greater need of courage and re ciliation to arum with the work commenced, and to cionflrm and strengthen the throne and constitut , ciii of the state vegan the reiterated assaults of r. billion and anarchy. But I meat on your decision and firmness, and on the pwriotisin sad loyalty of which you have given an many proots ; and I coat ahove all ea the usistauce of Divine Providence, to which this great sad generous nation hu never addressed itself to • u which it has Teethed. When we ies American 'outermost was de. 40 by i ts f og aasss chiefly far the maintenance wags and dosesstic,nthencouragement tioj e r eaw eve of the peaceful is midaful to wow s the extent to which the noble septratiose of oe we i si t e wary leaden hire been departed hoe. vb . we gad tLe rind aiallatratn of the nation take ow e" iu the performance of his last great official Immo r a mose , In prams of himself and his sdati wilwaWou a series of seta, of which a promed war . do , "hi w eestently treat, _and whielnilt e slied igs. wo o e pos t ae head of • military peopuk e k e o f Timm:Ass was to conquer and devas jait; tbe ambition or:NICHOLAS is divided between Casesses and the Balkan, between the Indus and t e e Bosphorus. But is it commendable to find the eery head of a great and free people, putt ee . fi t ly is this crisis of the world's affairs, palming as big chief claims to the gratitude of his contemporaries sad the admiration of peterity, to the 2,000 miles of serve ast, and the million and upwards of square s aes of surface, that have been added to the terri • of the republic, during an administration en wilding over lest than a lustrum? All this has been w ei e eed at appw, ntly so little cost, that there is roe iss to ft ar it will stimulate still further the appetite ee territory which is the besetting vice of the American people. We my apparent cost, for the bill has not yet bog folly drawn up. It is not only:the blood and trea dle that have been expended that have to be takes kite account, but also the prospective dangers with 'kith the issues of the war are fraught to the union. n ese d a ngers were, both as to their character and en list, foresh a dowed in the discussions which took place kw August in Conde.. The American people might e well expect to introduce a few alien planets g dist i n to the solar mites without deranging its walry orking, , si conderin the as at work in the federal system, to embrace soddenly within it so t urmoils an extent of new territory, wittiest impairing its action. The danger is admitted and ve ctored by the President himself. He directs the attention of the two Houses of Congress to the difficulty, and implores them to obviate it if possible. The question is, what is to be done with the new ter ritory in vent:ion with slavery ? Is it to be con masted into tree soil, or to be added to the already regrown slave area of the union P Mr. POLK is alive to all the difficulties and delicacies of the Twa ddle deprecates precipitate action upon it, and im plies Cowries to approach its discussion in the true spent of cuomostise. And yet, with strange lawn esteire , immediately alter admitting that the union reeds upon the verge of • precipice, and that the qsretion which tho new acquisitions have raised ass " the only dangerous question in is pint," he impliedly extols the policy of el pisiron, from which it has arisen, by intimating las deism from the views of some of the wisest of he predecessors, who warned their countrymen enlarging the bounds of the Union. Mr. obi thinks that every new state which is added to it strengthen s the federal system. a principle would admit of the incorporation into the Usim tithe eastern continent from Hudson's Bay to Term del Fuego, and of all the islands on its coast. We do not dwell willingly on this subject, but draw attention to it solely because we foresee the real nature of the issues with which it is pregnant Theft*. soil question has already been mainly iostru metal in driving the democratic party from power; mad, it the nature of the impending contest opal it may be implied from the few skirmishes to which it has already, given rise—such, for instance, as that going on. in the legislature of Ohio, when our last advice. left—it will certainly not be such as to draw any closer the bonds of union between the dif ferent sections of the republic. The prevent Congress' expires in March, and speedy action must be taken apes the subject. Mr. cot AN, of Illinois, is to in bedew a measure for the immediate erection of Cali brans into a state, which will precipitate the discus ion, and it is all the lees likely to be of au amicable name from the startling doctrines propounded in the memsge : in reference to the power of new states over the subject of slavery ; doctrines which, if true, would show the abolition and free soil party, that they have been utterly befooled in all the omayee sista which have heretofore taken place in refirmse to it. And to add to the exasperation of that party, the President gives them to understand, that, if Con gress attempts to interfere with the assumed rights of the people of the new territories, he will paralyse its efforts by the exercise of the reto. We now turn to • more cheering toic, and one in which we have assuredly a more direct interest. The President asserts that at no time since the commence ment of the union, have all the interests of the country_ been in so flourishing a condition. " The nation," he says, " is prosperous, contented, and Dewy." Whilst we have to record deficits here, the finances of America are in the moat satisfactory condition. In that country, too, the state of the Mantes is a much better indication of the condition of the people than here, for,with • few trivial exceptions. the bulk of the American menus is derived from duties levied upon articles imported for consumption. The receipts from the custom for the year ending the 30th June last, have been unprecedentedly large, marenting to upwards of 31 milieu of dollars. During the last year of the operation of the high tariff of 1842, the receipts from this source did not exceed 25 millions. When it was proposed in 1846 to abandon the protective policy of 1842, and, in fur therance of free trade principles, to adapt the tariff solely to the exigencies of the revenue the alarmists prognosticated every op:cies of disast er, the hut of which would be a deficit in the exchequer. The im pets of 1823 amounted to 117 millions of dollars. At the hieh rates of duty then existing, these pro duced from 23 to b 27 of the bill of revenue. st At thel ow rata proposed was . com peted by Mr. 4assvzx that the imports mn't steamily rise to 140 millions per annum, to bring the same amount into the treasury—that is to say, that the revenue must decline, unites the imports lammed at least 20 per oast. He then ridimla the Men of such an increase taking place for many years teems, and insisted that even to realise such an the Me would be disastrous, as the exports of the eseatry weld not increase in proportion, leaving the ilebres le be paid in gold. This was the great point made by the rib daring the retraced and stormy dimmilms le which the bill of 1848 gave Am Her vies ware these Simms in their own • merit, sr Misr, in their selfishness! The value of *simper he the_ past year has amounted to newly IM mine of dollars, 16 millions beyond the in- Trmerle which Mr. WEBSTER assigned foe idal the exports, which, it was &sleeted, A keep pace with them, have lagged behin 4 totors outset of only a few hundred thousand dollars. •A use complete refutation of the delusive theories Ilia the American protectionists sought to pro- IS eau scarcely be easesived. Us effect of this date of things upon the comforts drs public ma be estimated by glancing at the meal of the country. Of the 117 Mime womb in 1826, upwards of 16 mil- Esau meth wee reexported, leaving scarcely 102 eillem worth in tie country for consumption. Of IffilMmatity impostsl4.4ear about 21 millions WWI has bees ;living 133 millions UN& k tbe NNW esesseiption. It thee ap pme ref Is these years the consumption of the ssmMy Mr imeemmil by about 32 =Mims, or mmil Ili pit NIL In 1048 the export. of domestic Prime 8d net sawed 90 millions; this year they mug to 133 millions. Here a gai n is an increase, in gore yi ars, of 34 per ant. Does not this speak mimes for the bill of 1846, and the policy on which It was founded ? During the three years for which it W been in operation, it hat increased by one-third the export sad import trade of the country, filling** sersimer to overflowing, and adding greatly to the Imam of the people. It has does all this, WO, not mile the most favourable of aneEires. for bad it not bus for the disturbed state of Morns, the results pumeted this year would bars been still more extra inealleary view of all this it is by no mesas likely Set the American proteselseiste will ever again have the power to revert to ce th as eqb e prohi bitory tariffs of 1828 1842;asst and it is to see that each year's et kis adding to probabilitiei of free M ili be im a n sming the permanent policy of the anion. MADRID, D.C. 16. 'fth Min the day appointed for orating the Orr; the Rea% I. the midst of a briniest art praasetem, a lp the mime et reis to parkea that otrammay. ret T oissuppewa by the KIM, preesded lay the Rwealfather, and Mended by the dicers of the rime. lea writs by the =Wren la els ponies at two o cloak uki bath, tam Mr east apes the theme ia the hall of the ar heal rateably, read the followiall speech had 'lapel mash lesimall woe Masked with the effeerder and did. Tr sedime of the is have ham talum core of. The tempi Mlis ma that he attack a current of cold air off Cape Oak, and directly the pmetegies teat ai AU vel= ga. mseens must adultthat it cep be edlM 's The city is, in away mutes, wish people who have the moot ditty halite sad the MA sosideme. The tkomando a emigrants slam epee us eery welt, sem to have little ebb Ile =tiaT .' efep. They cangregate is the ethers, theymetwe the low boording-kosaes, they indulge is all the are wills their mem, they wear the most fteoliglg ditty oitd is.. In every way to Carew, the warn ash. heeltlx Tame ;vont* meet fall 'Mime Me the dr Ma is Sletathese k. 'r. aiming the tains of their theme hem rasa le street. Our °omega email have held award mrllgp to is. what steps should be taken for the 'Mg of the apt hat It is believed nodded; effeeteal sea be Mae. It the disordm spreads • great ports= of the dims wit deedless leave town err heolthim residesers, and bedlam will be gamily 'heck d. We wilt with waist, to see where it will int mail the city. The sews from UMW& is of late date, sad smarm, and more this mime, ell I have written you. lodise', the geld teeth la California is so earomema is quantity, that the hint I threw oat a yen, of the possibility of • ehaage in the milady' values of the prides' mend, Eby no means so wild a eMessite as you might seppm rotten where it is mad is between the Imo Nivel& mass al atosstaias saddle mega, watered by the isarsamata and he tithe who, by the Canewasse, and the Boa Joaquiss. The Seem asseto is about three headrest yards wide whore it is met by the Amerkalia, gad is navigable some distanes above lit esheemen. The gold a found in the sand of the rivers, ia the soU ef their kaki, and is picked out of the rocks with jerk-kalva• The return' for ordinary labour are so lugs, that no ems Wake of any other employment than mining. The last arrival Irma the neighbluthood of the Blowiest... was that of Lieutenant Looter, of the United States army, who reached New Oaken a few days einem ' with despatches from Governor Mason for the Creaident. Us also madam the previoes intelligence, and has brought hams specimeas of the gold. The soldiers and sailors stationed is that quarter desert at every opportunity. The ineedmat ships have lust all their crews. Fur once, labour hr obtalaisd the upper bead of capital, or, rather, Om bemuse capital itself. Wive have risen enormously, and minted coin is no longer admysate la Sus tity to purchase gold ! The ordinary wawa' das country is at a °playlets stand still, and Gomm, Man ha bean obliged to modify the revenue laws, and the each of paying the dudes, in order to meet the enimaise M the times. He has oleo issued the following prosielleaffilti whirl must gavial@ the emit incredulous that these is truth is what we Me: assemaffu _Tenth KUM, Depaihmat, neatorey, Olitorale, ! c ell o 11111 6 L asta LWhemos. vismat atz gis idesss boa= rz „,„... 6. - they Me Mt lOW Om; mod Mimeo rim Ma" tempied by the Islorlog mope sailos bee. Mewed Mir his to es is the mina maie . regesibas el their laths and Mho. Imo to tha t toorraraarstag ea root' al do patsies, et the ..very k mob lamas 'bay maw= see ad waver tor by tour mend pew an..., mad mires so hod then sidle 5551.5 aseetisos boa the median el ea sawasey, ths sellihry Was saw Millersts hr essawassial ihe mid repos so Ms solasiss 4 all sailmmmd pates. Yoram employed at le t s Mass ms sualmbil Mat so to ohleeme they ham astspal theprbMp MOW Mid ow M versmam masa Imp am without MMmaso. la ram sw 'this phew, Ow aro bawl es serhe In eppmhaselog dmortms, awl loglang iodated,' ammo' 'Moor officer where say me waseded. A drmorok force gall ems be at the mining dials, end will mamas It Is every etresim month dreerton o f tos army and any, rit lessardessisashollismeas harbour sr smoot.he thseoldmme snmestpazemeamertantimosimusemlitonembriebetriedin agaidaVs=rtitotithiniket laismereediraerivrthrTortnidri earl smart a nee dams, be win he melde to oboes the or al ale& saw Oman= la meaty sf tree m s stry. But If alarm am aft MINN. to had ON aid art miataass. hut ar shernative n. mars ale Oka ellaidsg akar, parks of the mining alimiet. It Is bowl eat them sosao masa, IlaSk at the mines to ses her mash Um seam_ OblerMs win be retarded unites they Iran SIM seam Met=led sale them. ft tan desirable to de vdrp ibe f t (reLet ad.. but i the it mearly . raisty of lot Osseems end Governer st °dilator+. The oiditios to the he, as well as the seed comamaders an the coast, Ma mule r. ports to the &portant& of war sad the navy, which are alluded to is toe President's emce es., and will call for the action of congress. 1 could tit a yap of the your paper with the curious details which come to or ha regard to the e muting operations, of the rude man ner In which the gold is obtained, the character of those vibe, maw ha. on the shores of those rivers, the searei y of provi. does, the high prices et the most common articles, such as 96 deis. for a box of esidlits powders ' and the enormous sums a may nalited by the adventu rer., hut 1 prefer giving yea a own elf • letter from a gentleman extuaged with the osimmimoriot, addressed to the Enerestry of War, which has sat Marro buss published, sad whisk 1 am soartamaly per mitted to communicate to Icll. MOSnionST, Lea. 10, 111411.- Lica Loeser, tad Artillery, leans to day tor the United Slates, sad 1 amil myself of the oepvtuaity of sending yes a few Mee. Affairs la this wag lave changed very much dace 1 wrote to you lat. TM sews of yeses Ms arrived, and in •fi vs days at the volunteers will he Mabmgsa ; that, however, ha sot the mum al the Mame —a paw," or aid am hes bum Simi Is the Malty of Sum% von, ea Ms linerawasees wblth Is wry rbi, sad extends user hundreds of alas The pm le siert, demeled cif all the male portion dee leallesta. wa very rew esserless. hem pm to dig ler gold. of Thus la far, all who ham tensed bays hack, two, three, fan, and some es same es tea thornier= tech la rid den. It la sow so siesniaat, sad edam mane, thigh am be taught as 9dok per come. Somme lese been mil kr 7 Mb thesure. veiny wad tarty attars pr day ass opeaMerest • peer ears winw Ilse mat land over 'too dohs la me day. 1 haw mesa mazy persons from there, end Wegrm that beet a le la ea per day ass be made by any yams who le willing to mei. The erssegamise of thin I, ha'''wse who are obliged to remain bead (ad preervieseat of ficers am about the only era) see ocaptied to pay the most esisa. test prima kr the alga nf.. merebrem bees lost all tam paha, the mia, soil re rase ensues= pram Om them id sad shovels ea 1r 1 sad le MIL ; blealmee sad Mali coot 3 sad 4 dela, ale selhog for 41 and SO dela.; Itaar s . r. = per barrel; ammo &Apr lb.; sad macs I deb. per h. sll kW% Is very lA* Mn,.., _abide formerly we for 71e rs dela, sew cemmumit ruse too to Wor dais. TM more M siarellir at Ws bead at sea nal= (we ban as heed has, not eves a heard isphosee) gate LUC dola per par, and Ms others 100 r ac e r= month. Many of the vaiestems gals ma maimed at Ma (I Mame whe have sot was to the Mass), seise Moir Marrharge ham beta magas dame yet day ter swami Mbar. The sealers Me alt dame's& end there me several womb Itrialsoo, br west se mows to ma than. lam ht. SSW aM. IL, the weal storstramm, for my mods Mad hs ast mAdded to ts oask cameasi to maim me at hie table I amid have beet ampulled ewe's m tor myseiL lam edged ems d my own reom, mese ▪ Meg is weber, me wake my own bed. It wool, arm min Is enemy Moral pay *Mai this dom. TM say wader us h Wit say as lacy ett. TM Mat mem Um &mad. 0 .1 . Matra has hale the minx and ids as haserstrit et it. as any or. Ile trdews epeamessor hs sods home by this ain lammed Ms mac a Imig repot as Me selgeet. ". = will peels* Seel the ressetry with eadrisla. It le add diet shahs ere peig iii mes a the gam 3,01111== dollen year. Uit rem ae ladies a gold), wit • Is ro seate, le who eat teas eves admarago ot le. to User rwewa PA—Mpr. 04111.—Boyeas te yawem ths pleat Ws so flosombis Rae ;MOW gams l mee bad wr rod them an here amend at ths Masovertra veldt am sods of the vast Memel woad delis-au The rassemses of all this 1, that the spirit of olvennwo is limegialy suairshonth la this sosetry. Amoiallions as =limifaesing fa the wpm migrating to larbt olr slom mods are up at this port fie sea Frameless, and othens see drowhere admthed to, Misr voyages. It bile ogielen ham that no ash those as them wars Wit been hams. as/ gist thews at the Ural will sot bear say eompodsca with them. It is sloe eapposed that the Melted States government will take pomosion of these, sad send out idiom e l m or la for tho bosedt of the lathes at large. person b e sot Bali' do to write to their Mends here that this. is _mid mesh pay the Ifs. cement. to ti the =that Mg of sad that, you ksow, we have deemed y ou As, am, notwithstanding all I have Wel, yare set isid the MU et what we kayo based. This sodas Wiles to the mitissal wealth—this openiag el mesh ride madmen ire our agricultural stades sad ear indsetrid poodssto--asms to be a Godsend to the .wary. amid the dinorbesem of Swope, and roadies or more then ever indlsgemiont den Image mesearae. The potpie of this omeetry ennolin dm epistles mey gthesolly e ; a szt a r: e rill lad it expremelis ews paha doomen - te, the memoge, aid as whim that this sons is the pothooks neel Ili are of Heaves, that it is rosewood fier drefirit, Ned Is it will stead amid elemestel went. mil, Aemptilymadly disorders, seem. sithert, wkis iti g ramst. 'We emptily are a Wi4 faveerth We bmsjett pemsdithesegint pelthed soston, Wisp se dm. la es the mediae= id 1191 6 1 8. 0 bon pit we me eintsse, sad se gee mho ie eVolle or mettle the pmemble doisies el the h a ist hes. We have terminated a war with Kosiso, mode • military people right milliese te seniker, with orMim sot see quarter the size of their own, sad odoeseing without a Mirth to the capital of the mom, we hove impelled them to make pesos, sad then bought, at their own prise, two of their territories, whisk am prove to he W richest in the known world. 11111 geom. rent credit, notwithstaading the drain of a war, Is WM& than ever. It is smelly obliged to solicit forbearsase hum those who web to invest their capital in the satimsal MA; and eves at the approach of the cholera Oars is haimmelan and a trust in the mercy of him whose " Master over Mid I've." The Mexican minister has presented his credentials to the Presidatt, as is the nutom. To show you what is the Is.. per of the Mexican goverment, and to Imam Imo mow time admits* is formate lama, that we were are Ms me =rW it I will quits at length the address of the ad. si lb reply. The Ithewhic is this address of doer Louis De La Mesa: kith ImellsiaMr,—l have as Maw to pi n t to mar mod =4l.la pow whisk sowents se maim arnearj MI, if Maim le the greernmset at the wns• Mao obs= " the Yam set mileirtion litho= lamb ' c i te Ms, edam' to yen byes as =Ms Noma IMMIIIA Mos Whalen Inintiolofloo ososiowg dim how bwerwahmt sad Maly me the ammo Ramrod 4 limbo leers Ihrlerd EMMA mM how sr- It aimas hopybose ea imalbs. hag it P 5 M st raise bowl a oull weer all the pant: and am Wadi blemolliol fat ihre meibres Mash is mob Ise paws ; losaidsd ihst WM, Is ma mammy ad. MIL Ms Mom sod pod NM sit yam Mwsf4 powsmastr meths bed gnineles to Weise MSG thlliamt at mond 110115. gala ; amaliapaeft my camerp *GI ad in has MIAs Wet iaaL tio Ma Mend bar hair a s =rial ei rr ep hiS oesa lamsalsi is aribstlsa ; as Ms hothe MOM Os wins psys:Ma tow plead boa my ems howl tor tho i c= sa f ddi t 1= 1 : Waal : It thirds me pear *mem dw to essmainesmi rembea m s: NNW YORK, Dec. S. ` the gamy entzeraderny me Wok ft okatgaraoldmy st Tim cholera hoe approached us hot arrived oft midl " / " III P INI. " nal " air shores — it is within an half hoer of thie city . A Havre y o .= ',...ruWakiisingobals"l"..sl".Bl." 1111 Wi pssiams. Thiltd n bi_tite pad shit , . the New Take mob" the elteralltilm a tb. missile •t ea Amar --- issolsolasit I mows pii74 days sitter. ha=lost owned pasesegers au the mtge. their drone elm OM Obis, way he s part. s wormomme,sal Ammo those , a &ember have been takes ask and poWtobi oletrat slibbi la Mob liffamilmaffff . . 8111133 W 143 Ailed, sad the Imepilals at Stags Idea ha to he crowded MIA mai dot v t a l= i lr ea 1 111 ezrei rs ilhal l et tit invalid& Our papers, as yet, have set geeerally ... cl od say fears, and the reports hare, es yet, created . 7 m oo d IN Z„, P" alert+ batwa the two .1 1 , same; Btu, muk oar (Mass. When ship lett Hem ms milmsme mpg maid /Math* e;r as •I re mengere more, apparently, is health, the bet atm Id days Mead sme MOM the emmorell Madam Meson them - GENOA, Duo. 17. Ever shoe Sunday, the 10th inst., this town has centinued to be kept is a NM" bordering upon complete anarchy. Large crowds of Astor pimple have filled the striae with militias mile .gnat all the established 'ethe rnet both hers and at Turia. Th. liarrheee Pinto, who a few maths ego wee elated by the seaminess voice of the national geadei, as thin reersi, sour that poet, despite of a arrest nomination ly die wows, sad after so the pimple a this town threask thick and this fa rre exothitaat demands, has Ina himself at last under tha me a of resigning his ammand, Memo he ma not take it epos leassalf to m air • pedalo to the King, in whisk so ran an entire overthrow of all the established institution ef the marry is dowels& He barter hitherto been the idol of the papas of NOM. his pagoda hes caused pastel kriteria, but the rage of the aerie has thirty fallen spas war newspaper editors led esseral no bl e men, who anpehliely stigmatised as islismies Wafters for having, by their iniidlous advice, lanad Pante to tin step. Although without a chief for the assay, to (Me guards continue the ordinary senior mad OM Ike lama and public squares last night in brae raft, as than was great ram to *ma al it weal oats to ors hostilities banes die *saps of ra Nea t several bettalima of wheat an shamed is Its ef the ems 4saludesal e, wkwe may doesaas of the people ems 'Ow to the sonsfilessele, new arias, ma look to dra Wesekettelisserals oil the Comowidaat al Osees,rao ilawsdooks Mgt* disikralsbeil Isribeellbsed sod essaset aradesa ere was. vs soll. every derdptise halstrene, sie lrisk The rwiai by rat if the oast dam bekkbattlei sob. eatery sadly arm epposed only • sort of pears reestmes, by keeping the sob at • oar drew Ma the NINON In which the two aliemaisatisswil fanstrones reside, ma the result was that ewer by or Ike boos ef lair out noise the rases dlosesed is ff of tans* own senora. the sante doe sada body of the lowest nob had themeless la Iris • different awake to the bireas if the easatikesse whisk ray tbssalsord bed adisered to devealidk, beams CS MO if re Foram Waft which eaves as • eat of Mahood pass, bed • wordrioters with the lot clibek NMI* sad se- veral p r awns. The astsort of tile nob woe, hem ever, setinly deeded, a body of loss than Sly eszelikeeses, stain s sadden seas "ova the be. taped boners, sad detag ke Raft& wif like es sway harm Alkork Is akm der alks blued Ms resets bon ask tbe heavy sena sad einelat Woos, le the same dvekti the ad utmost ear bees enervated the troops se smesk, that assamely me all tee, things mask ere keg, serira—ellbse the Wasps anal bo dor emegetiselly to repress tbss, der es they will hue all ',Wham is Oak spurious, earl sok, wawa sense with the IMMu. Ihseld the latter erant owe take plat, Charts, Albert wield bow so earthly shams of as himself teriety-fter loos kart es Owen% I. be has long ass last the., sire reple if bit lowilloy provisos ; sad, se he Chews se my Ohre Wive if Italy, SIM whl gt =ll a Mao month sgs some adadlosat or he his posse, have long area prase sera their real kiss. This sessals" a retaftnensa of as arks swam% of the Ire Me se rived berg keel Akeseads, in era of the ressistra sank head hoe three days ego, by printed plesser frit so mope amid be sawed to advance helped the metres rota lowa of the aura dekolis rali t ilk = Most 12 odes Mtn Mee. The die guards were he. sadist* wird la mak at flit Rae los& quarters, sad have era do public plasm sad ONO night. This assit a deo el Ihkg, out row, highly diakonal Ike folonse elf a kips eawasssid eoresseetty, i. breed Mat, wadi Maar fie refer* sopa ass %bat a In pales of th• deb roes boo will set set, unless it be teskados lab the keeps ef the Me. The InteedeateMesols lodes kis mak' paNdol mani festo, it WO 1111.1.0. 1 7 use den b mob, who pro ceeded kola the Mosel pare of as laws ts the Govern msenkoner, bares alsib they Me Oise manifestoes into deeds, wader Ike met ekaktig enteatisse avast tbe Isteadietes posse, without either "Iva rds er with their rams g ua mast. LNaos.frs 111111111 resit hive arrived this marsssgg state OM re Ham arasss boos mend depatatias to de Pope at Meta. rake bke se t a ha mailer to Hesse, sad is oars errs reesesulni is his de net, to drHY to hi, Mira tkat tbe Mona goveraseast wgsid M isispolled by the will of the people to dears Ids temporal power to lora mod. TM rend 'rake bera aid at Bow is that re Isar event will take plass bare the end of the week. NlN l Si=st "" the i tio o b :wattre kr s,ss thetrum MA% WWI& yen Ws Warred shall be I SI sat al to Imilially IMISININI an meet% std 1 emelt ass be ewalet • deter spire ler we easemere. 1 meet, Ihle latemeleg esesses, rebels her iny goveramest filperitslo4ll as es thskel Wes an mew*owl Ugly ea se yen ham blest Ike webs Web the eat esemmebe apeseamee or wen wren ; sell we We weber" se M So u 4 i = resemelen Mabel eat hownseis ewe Seam the The Madame el limMes,wheme Imam sad ham sum keen ambled. les teas Wedge Me sow Midge VS Marsho i f e emess ail Ile WIWI, preened ce kb wt. I opda elda perdea my Nate, lot me add that weiber melee of WI& NM* dos bees "ad clear th. week of We Oatemegea ever. You will nummember that ass large rem el Sim metal, which for more this half a whirl was ego mast of travellers, was lately removed from its bed. Memmerted to the city of Washington, and pima la the reisgMeMes as a won dm of the world. Bat es glom is disparimil. A ewe, weighing seem to, has ben 1016141 fa the wee melee, lying ha the loose soil, sad every pert elite surfers appears to have been beaten with hew mem. Nor is this all. Loads of stone humus Wye boon Weed up near it, sad Wm, three hundred years old to all appearance, have grown up our these sad other rode [maple meats. The workings of tiles aboriginal odners can be trued through the adjacent forget for s Meknes of half a mile. Csa mob tabus boi, sad evensmoW like a Inomonsr stood, iMboft ear gala weeder We have sow additiceal ameants treat Yeenuels. Ace American writes from Karscalho, under date of the 19th of October, that affairs an in • shooking eondidos. That his own chop has hew Weed for fora months and saventen days, that the most oppressive euetices an made from these who are able to lose anything, sad that • amen Peak 04 villains than theme same Venestelass does sot mist. He sells loudly on ow governmeat to station a uses& of wet In that quarter to protest America interests. We all regret the strange apathy whack ear genteel goverment always displays is regard to the proceed's of our brew orioner. aallesll lateresta The distribation of our squadrons has oar calmly been very Inaptly made. We have had too many Yewaisis in the wry department. No nation on the We of the globe has suffered so many indignities to par en notieed,in &suet mu, as mown ; and why this is so no one can tell. But so it is. Prom Part-au-Priets we have news to the 16th of Number. The to to the Spanish put of the Mbead his taken sad probsbly will not take plate. The esswasat of Yaostaa make- Wed Se be raised iler its pose== li bew rapidly Ailed up at New Orleans, and the lanes have nearly all earl. From New Sluice we Mara the Ws arrival of Owed Lane on his way to Oregon, of which he is governor. Col. Washington, • distingakhed °Ma r, bad seamed the um sand at Sum Pe, and the executive authority of th e Uni te y. Already a ;outer convinstion has assembled, of which the majority of numben were Mexicans, and which has asked Me speedy organimatice of a territorial government and the establishment of an American judiciary. It his pro tested molest the claim of Texas, and the ottroduclion of slavery. One of the meet interesting movements of late is the deter mination of some eminent citizens of Ohio to found a new c dozy in Africa somewhere near the Oallinas. A gentle man in Cin7innati has offered to pay the whole pries of the required territory of 200 riles extent along the eout. A colony from the wawa free states is to sail from some point on the Ohio to take pemession of their new horns at once, and in such numbers as not only to maintain it but effectually to overawe the slave-traders in that quarter. You will receive by this steamer copies of the President's message. It has produced no sensation. The setting sun has little warmth even is our climate. Our line of communication with the Pacific is begun. Two steamers have sailed from this port to flu Francisco, and a third is soon to follow. The steamer Falcon has begun its trips to Chairs.. Mon of this anon. COLONIAL. CANADA.—The adjourned public meeting on the satiation Lees was bold at llostreal as the 271 k alt. The near are pubard in the Bono at the Lla rd. a* laterlail he mord at it were unasiderly eftelsk awl wardtbis to carry oat the intestine et the Ls Oradea = a ) dare the deasis m aseat's reessaracausts to WPM. N KW —We have been favoured with copies of a diapata her Germs, lam dated burred, 11th ism, and of did Gm's re*. dated lea Nev., UM Try rime to Übe &weal of water tads to do sew, sad are estrirely ba. sonar. Ito armor dada fat mai Weald has bees done by tbe roes% right of preemetra to has bereft to the natives rase beta waived; tied as saves are* resegewe the swat's debt or pie world ; Ostia aunty on ameaue they will pert with them kr a wady alatieei eashinetion ; sot that is muy arr. Is bat Maar maim lent set Is, the =to y s pie r Wary, bet dr the bermilde orwited upon, alt Shier ebeettelly gre auk =4 " m . the gurers . 7 .6 9amest, iike eendlawat is only paid them thsit areiressee k Ike aria. Wm at the by Enders sattlerr" Gerstner Grey OWN tad "wag to Ito maddened, larded pram et as mirth ere pert el this brad Ger re way Isrge Indsd rad Gird by acatemiled tribal to shish raw of alga bre a May wad tier, and that what ter rads of many ars to be=t a lare. raw, Ron setts woo retertally nageria their arl r ead dam la lima sired ellostatine snail pettier of Id to as ream el edemas absitls reerval lon easkribe." dab ?salsa is rejestessams isesnlime to tads of ran keeled by the Osieldreass as the ded Dassalaar, lOW the gereser goys thet be uninessod Gas to bre te ids " ewe dr. ensues" to "dear Mae, fa tree strict awl prialibm were ap =sto the Wage state drap MNew fresh" He rhea he ber reersd : —la the art glees to mar. tar sea to tho man's tight el reerandes Ss* that " rho* ally drams id the ardor et as /VW UAW= riandag al• rasistrelles et all as rads et t w o Nava, bear LUMPS II awe ampaisa to rake ale mama d is. stadia& a work d ma* tar. astir than to harry it es tee rapidly." With rearm to Ws bed he same amearsties. Get, Gat the veditillra is die m ! . gad wariedly, ert, *VIM ✓astisolie t weal lair dorsal dessiert ...ea the ram ; Orly. ha es isseseregerillis teas peddler Is dare demi alliemente et ism eillat= garter at a mile ears; /earthly, a eseenreade that the des et a c t r wat allatment after ..Is, eared ma wpm; Mr, be ea to the Pleiades Urt these swathe astir &di vegetred bare eay bade eta be all sixthly, be se anNiuma that Is alt add at pale rasa may be pr* suit s the spot prise gay tire wk a three yore tooted at three menthe. Zed Grey repro I hoes reed your despatch with great ' satatietka as esidseby esseteirs the Mows whir 1 lore abaft dated to you tsi sty aspeak dis lid et Kay last, whir was wales needy st the ram time web year deedsla new bean me. I ram with yes in raped to de 'ward of as digestions shoo yea repel la some doter el Ike loyalktabivaftsai to rapid to Ira, alTsWl tae an arty egpsdanity d trellegailtre to yos the wasaory Wheat, fir Wag laiale these aliases" MN court. WINDOM, TECUiIIDAT.LThe Qaees sad Prince Albert arrived at the Castle at twenty minutes baler, two &cloak this aftessoos in a carriage and four ham the Illoegh station of the Great Western Railway. Her Majesty sad bb Royal Highness were sosoutpanied has her Majesty's marinerddesos, _Osborne, Isle of Wight, by the Prime of Wales, Prinee Al fr ed, the Princess al, the PriaoreAlite, the Prison , Holmes , sad the Prisms and the royal suite. A detalluseat of the 2ad Lib Guards (s o the escort of the august party from the Slough station b the Castle. The Duchess of Kent, attended by Baroness de Bps* and Sir G. Caspar, returned today to her residence, rnionere noose, has a visit to her Majesty the Queen Dewier, at the Priory, Stamm. Mr. Yates, had an interview with Earl Grey yes terday at the Colosiaboace.—The Mamma of leresulbsao had also an Interview yesterday with the noble so& Sir George Orey hes left town for his seat, Mo ttos, Northumberland. Despatches wen received yesterday at the Colonial tete Erma the Governer of Canada, and also frees the go verness of the oboe North American rolosies. THE CITY WARDMOTE& Yesterday being St. Thames dry. the aimed also *a at comas OROINUENR and edam wed same he at yes/ melon took piece. The eind solemn el dissemies at each of they wine: the new mensent fee puts Map rate and the Mil pagers* he hat mar "Dirty Sweeps," and the Mee istmepoly. In the him */ me the redden swim were re elected withesterposideov—Arameoni, JIMMY/. BMW now, Sammons, Blßldl (STRAW, Banns, Bun. nun, Coustunurr Courtin., Cummins Wtrnotre, Punnionost Winne, L/JlOlOOl/21, Limn nun, and W•insoon. In the underage:sued weeds the o/d meraben were elected, with the szonnons mentioned—ln Bumorsons Mr. 0. Taylor was minted in the men of Mr. Johann, who Mired.--A wasesey marred in Cart:rum= by the re signation.! Mr. Kemp, for which Messrs. Barlow and Elliot were sendidates ; bat, as the former Tented the latter was elected.—ln Caren BATII•OD Masc.. Berber sad Park 42 were saintidates for • mosey oecsained by Mr. Ramon, sad Mr. Barber was .lewd.—ls the ward of Cum. Mr. Hama win eleatod, nos Mr. Phillips reigned.—Prom DOWRATI weed Mr. Cannes retired, and was someeded by Mr. Mortimer.--oenotans had tw3 Tamales (from the retirement of Mem. Curtiss and Sykes). which were fined by Kenn. Tours sad Base.—ln the TOWIR ward Mr. Wylie has been retuned, instead of Mr. Cipel, who retired presented one Ti mmy, by the retirement of Mr. Minim whose place w twit , ed by Mr. Coleman, Mt. Agile, another fends ► delA Arelialai a fastest. We Mw one II We ingested warda. These me the 001SWILISIIIIe. la ski* Mum Tram, Clarke, and Lamb areesatmttaptheTeareeis; CRIPPLOOLTS-WITRIN, a poll was illormisa as behalf of Kr. IL L. Winos ; PAIRING nominrootre, is whisk ward Mr. Bates is the mostating erniklete ; sod Poinsoun, in which Mr. Vile also de. amid • polL—The elections in dun wens will net ter minate mall to-morrow, ulna some of the candidates :stirs podeenly. Bads CaoMNDALI MINING COMPANY.—The amnia swat* af sbarabsidere mas yesterday held at tha aloe, Wbalmeem Ilesas, Old assmietretr, Ye. 0 noses is the than Mesa a sweet hem the direvors and a statement of asamede fee as yaw saw 10th November lest wen pre mat NG sadissimy meek bad bees amtved at fres the the Wes, bat them seemed almost a me- =ty ldli S a edlaMs sl wadi treat °permit:oe as the ties lodes, —a emu dean baying been wroaeht as fora distance of 16 Wham!, af value $Ol to 801 per fathom. The awes • the of 2,1871. 14e. ' sheen" • Imelin - siinainet oolopouy of - 34.; so worts. priseiple am* die a d lO4 par share had Iron made, and the hays a oonnion interest with the intisbitants of t, toms. entiehery estimated lb, quan•tty m tie in earfuls from the The 1 milioeSb, to (u least such of them as are not merely spas% reports at about 1,3001. Ater some severe remark. profeansial pol:uc+eas), w+ll 1.. Jo+ forth be found in the hest s regrew on the want of mentor i forma ion as to hoot ratite +4 time who &drum et-onny ano retrenchment due leause—the reports armying bat little data to said. in the waken' , expenditure. Al r...c1) they have begun to THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 22, 1848. the thareholdere—it wes ultimately agreed to adopt the ask—and with gip. , I reusno,—Wov should we net have cheap on the promise that Ix fttare monthly statements governs* it as w ell se di 4p corn I sh n itu be (Mhos*. The meeting then separated. RAI AT PalL100:-Yaltilliay enontin g fire os itar Ne acte xt is . and arti all ' th * rfurn hr" otis W ar b it a a t tiona lks ln tim fa l :ru n r au of r b s a l ther nV brake eat In ma to the we t ru „ t a h owa to waelthenNe is this tax yea' the 'tummy elemect of Mr. Cabitt. the Milder, la Teekbrookatreet, Belgrave-road, assaults* 1 lit • Worn need be said upon it ; the duty. Bokser. The p eonies. , which were several doors high, amounting to 860,0001., meat come off, if it only beta cies.** as woe ma d asa d at the time o f t h e out b rea k us from the stain of asthma hypocrisy. That which rep is mota t aa a a " m ak. ' m i.. e ms , sag ether h e w n to the skin, literature is to the healthy action el the mind, oha t ar kg e . But h or - ' ia t aa t aa - g a p,/ era th e w h o l e o r th e and yet we raise 720,0001. a year from a heavy duty upon entaimive building preessted one harasses skeet of Rams, ilsifer ; b 7 including this in your budget, you will remota end the Ire raked through the various windows and oat of W. Miro , morel, sad istasstuat waysn'nment of the the red with such fury se to threaten the surrounding pre- pew' , • swam sooslttabla to all Partite whatever may p or t". Th e l uau were ao t eat t agu kh ot i unti l t h e h um t a ottheir AIM upon national education. The list two item/ which the entbreak sommeseed wee totally dutroyed, sad will draw towards you the trsitathiss a the Seeteh tackle the while of the building sad peoperty oconsamed. reformer,. These four rums amount to 8,248,0001. INOVEIB, YESTERDAY. MANALAI/ORTER.— By - . y . ..0 called. Tim I . th e aleniament, beim Mr. Baker, at the London Hospital, re- Lasti , a come to taxes, propel weft the death of Lewis Lewis, alias Lewis Censtatt window tax, which, although it dow l not, lie the excise dia. ' V ti, operate as a direct impediment to productive inaustryi Irk" weeknocked down and run over b y ' w 'f °ll , is op en , to the fearful ob j ection that it " obstructs the light el hens to bee* improperly driven by James Barley , a ~ . " sad in the.. WM words we may read its larvae arum in the awapiwy of Er. Ed war d Gress , cool merchant, “eaven , blip doom London Beth, and other large cities, are prey-ing City-road. Barley wm 'barged at the Thames Police•court th e abolition '. masa el this tax annually upon the bowie, throu gh with having mewl the death of the deceased, sad remanded Lord Dun till eau the inquest. The fees have already appeared in , and you must not think of eineedkir it from your " National Budget." It yields 1,8100001. ii yo , ways oar Lamas. The jury returned a verdict of '• Man- an daughter •' 'Oast Jaime Barley. d means" are so nearly exhausted, that I can only add the advertisement duty, amounting to 160.0001. These two sums amount to 1,770,0001. The total lose of revenue by the reduction of the above duties end taxes, Is 11,477,0001., or 23.0001. less than the 11,600,0001. of surplus which I propose to create, by the diminution it expenditure and the equaaaation of the probate and legacy duty. I cub. join a summary of the foregoing in a Collttill tabular term : MR. COBDENS PLAN OF FINANCIAL RE FORM AND NATIONAL ECONOMY. The following able and interesting communication from Mr. Cobden, on the subject of national retre&ebia and financial reform, was read on Wednesday night, at the meeting of the Liverpool Financial Reform Association London, 103, Westbountaternee, Dee. 18, 1848. Dear Sir—l gathered from the convention f had with you and the members of the Fioaneial Reform Association in Liverpool, that you had two objects in view—First, the sub etitunea of dire= for indirect taxation ; and secondly, a di. lunation of the present amount of government expenditure. I ventured to offer an opinion, which I now beg to repeat, that it would be far easier to effects reduction of expenditure to the extent of 10,000,00 W., and apply the whole of that sum= thelrentoval of excise and customs duties, than to transfer the suns amount from indirect to direct taxation. Entitling in Liverpool and a few of oar largest trading towns, there is not, at present, a very greet force of public opinion in favour of direct taxation. It has yet to be created and organised But there is a very general sympathy felt in the proceedings of your body, founded upon a strong desire to have the bur dens of taxation lightened; and there is some expectation that you will pat forth • plan for effecting that object. My noun for now troubling you is, to suggest whether it might not be advisable to publish a national budget, exhibiting on one side • considerable reduction in the expenditure, and on the other the several excise and customs duties hich you propose in the first place to abolish. Ido not mean by this a perfect financial scheme, such as may be onntemplated as the ulterior object of your Association, bat a plan which, whilst it went in the direction of your principle of direct taxation, and relieved the mass of consumers from a heavy tax upon their necessaries and comfort', should commit those politicians of all shades who now join in the vague cry for "economy and retrenchment" to some practical meanie* worth contending for. I suggest that yen take for the basis of your budget the ex penditure of 1835. The whole most of the government in that year, =chiding interest of debt, was 44,422,0001. For the twelve months, ending the 6th April last, it amounted to 65,175,0001., being an increase of 10,753900 i. The interest of the debt was leas by 87,0001 in the latter than the former year, making the comparison so much the more unfavour able to 1848. The estimated expenditure for the current year, ending the 6th April, 1849 (see Lord John Russell's speeehlBth Feb. last), is 54,696,0001.; so that we may take the increase to be, In round numbers, 10,000,0001. since 1835. Do you see any good reasons why we should not return to the expenditure of that year ? Englishmen love precedent'; and they are net easi persuaded that anything is Utopian or im practicable whi ch has been accomplished within the last 13 years ; and this is one reason, though I will find you a better, why you should bass your budget upon that of 1835. If we go beck a little further, to the time when this nation was still under the rule of the boroupihmongere we shall and a startling argument in favour of this plan. In 1830, the last year of the Wellington-Peel administration, the expenditten for all purposes, exclusive of the interest of the debt, was 18,024,0001. ; for the twelve months ending the 6th April of the present year, it amounted to 26,747,0001. The tory go vernment was overturned the following year upon the motion of Sir Henry Parnell, in favour of economy, and the House of Commons was soon afterwards reformed, mainly on the plea of its profligate waste of the people's money • and yet we have now an increase to the expenditure of '8,723,0001., or nearly 50 per cent., as the fruits of the Reform Act. We are now actually expending more upon the army, navy, and ordnance alone, than sufficient for the maintenance of the whole civil and military establishments under the Duke of Wellington's government I When thus Leta shall be gene rally known, the country will, I think, be in the humour lee responding to your appeal, if you inscribe as your motto upon your banner, " The expenditure of 1836," which will , be • 'eduction of 10,600,000 L from this yeer's budget. ' I would net advise you to complicate your plan by pro posing any new imposts, to rouse the antagonism of intererod punks, or any modifications or substitutions of miring lases, to destroy that simplicity of object which, above all things, is necessary to the swoon et • public 'Milian. But there is one tax from which the dominant class in this coun try has exempted itself for hit a century which exe-mption it would be disgraceful to the character of 'the Fithian people any longer to toilette—l mean the probate and legacy duty. In the Let year upwards of two millions were lid Into the exahogser by the hales se personal property, eresieding mainly of the hard-earned emiaandattens ef our merchant% man probational mat, traders, end meeksaire ; whilst the dues ! domain, or the wane of the gnat landed proprietor, passed sneezed from the deed to living. This year will be memorable few having witnessed the destewetioa of thelast remaining pewees of feudalism in all the amtatries of the continent, excepting Russia. But I knew Mae privi lege which the nobles d Prussia, Oallicia, at Unger, have been compelled to surivarlier, as a tribute to the enlighten ment of this age, mare unjust in =Li& than that which is conferred upon our landed proprieties In the statute paved by themselves, imposing duties exelesivify upon the inheritance at perusal y. Let us net bort of Eng lith freedom, er of equilty before the law, lUD= this in- I justice Tomei& In what term could erieneratic privilege arrems a more effusive sod wetly aspect then In that of a held and palpable exemption from taxation? I do not think that great reliance will be offered to the ignitable adjustment of this tax, provided the people speak sag as be tomes them. No living proprietor will be affected by the change, and the landowners we se conscious as you or 1 that these ore not times for transmitting such a clam of privilege to posterity. I assume that the probate and legacy duty upon reel estate, entailed and unentailed, will yield, at a moderate estimate, 1,500.0001. By the above Men you would have • disposable surplus revenue of 11,600,0001.—vi5., 10 millions from the redaction of ex penditure, and • million and a half from the increased pro duos of the probate and legacy duty. I will now trouble you with my views as to the disposal of that amount ; premising that I have not felt quite free to choose In every Instance Wee items of the customs and excise duties, which I should myself have profaned to abolish or reduce but have been pertly influenced by the desire to enlist the sympathy and support of every Mass .aed interest in the community, whom ca-operation will be abundantly requisin to force the adoption of the plan upon government. To begin with the customs duties. The present duty of 2e. aid. per lb upon tee, whether viewed as • tax upon the most harmless stintrilant enjoyed by the people, or as an im pitman to the operations of oar merchants trading with China, is one of the most indefensible In the tariff. I would radios the duty to Is. per lb., or to an ad valorem duty yielding the some amount of revenue, by whisk. according to the estimate of the Chancellor of the Bachaquer, is his speech on Kr. Cordwell's motion, there wield be a loss for the ant year of 2,000,0001. The date on limber and weed must be wholly abolished. This is a neesseary eousequass, if not an accompaniment, of the repeal of the navigation laws. The amount is 966,0001. (I have take. this and all the following items from the flume aceeuate for the year ending January sth, 1848 deducting the expense of collection.) I propose, also, to take the duty off batter, cheese, and urAwards of one I hundred items of the customs duties, yield alt 616,9301. ; and leaving only about twenty artielesr to peeing dur umty. These three s amount to 3 461,0081. Next, with reference to the Excise. It nay be laid down as a rule, that whenever you touch an Excise duty at all, it should be totally abolished ; bemuse the great objection to suck taxes, the interference of the exeissonan with the pro cesses of production, applies equally whether the duty be great or small. This should be berme In mind if you deal with the malt tax, and you must deal with it, if yen would enlist the sympathy of the counti ann oct e n r ; stitoseeles in your movement To • man, the me in favour of the repeal of the malt tax ; and this, not mutely bemuse it would add to the contentment of the pea santry, by cheapening • beverage which they universally sonsume, and also relieve their employers from a heavy tax open the beer they give to their labourers at certain swans, but lie best agneultarists loudly protein against the duty, on Zan that it demise them the freeapplicationof thole Sloths fattening el cattle upon malt, and thus pre • VITO preatablepwwth of barley upon stiff clay Lads. Urn this subject 114 'Lattimore, speaking for an Influential deputation of lender* and fames, which had an icterview whit Lord John Russell in Fehluary last, said—" The suit tax disansuged the beat moles or cultivation, enhanced the artifictel food far stock and cattle whereby the of the soil wee deteriorated, the demand for labour the supply of bread corn and animal food consider !Sadsmeassd, and the ant Its of the people and the of the country were al= greatly impaire d ." Your 'National Budget " would, tterelore, be undeserving the nom if it did not include the total repeal of the malt tax ainsmeting to 4,960,0001, In Lent, Siosee. and two or tine other countiee;there is ea satin agitation against the hop duty The expense of col lecting Ws tax is alone sufficient to condemn it. Nothing . could no well exemplify the waste: it and wetly proems M revalue by meant of excise digits as the opepeide rx i l l it i a, fur a mouth or six weeks every autumn, of a little army of ervisentra dispersing Quartilese over half a more of mantle*, t. levy a tax I. the fields end gardens of the hop-plantets. I question it anything mere barbarous could be met with in Terkey, or any uncivilised country, where politisel et.monsy had never been heard of even by name. I propos-, t fierrt,t,, stet thoktion of the hop duty. 4 ito3ooi hie uding the malt and hop dotiee„- on will snore the co eptre'ion of the farmers, who, -enlist free-trade as the seftlid of our legislation. the toe- NATIONAL BL'DOZT. proposed redoedon of el. , froes 110,000,000 Proposed leopsy sod pro duty up= real estate, wbsthez mailed or oneektad 4500.040 Proggeed amount of sorplo, revenge £11,500,00 PROPOSED REDUCTIONS OF DUTIES AND TAXES. MIMI'. DVTIBIS. Imes of R. muse. Tea—Doty to be redosed t: 6 2 , : i ..= Ilid. ... X 2,000,000 Timber arid wood—Duty Butter, ebeese, and upward, of 100 maim items of the tarlf—Doties abolished 516,000 Total lon upon Custom' Walt—Duty abolisbei 800 P— 9P 99 0.18000 00 416,000 WON ... . 9t ...«.•«••• ...... rotenone ca Maw seam Windom Tax—Aballisi £1,110,000 Advertisement Duty—Aboilebsd . ........ 110,000 Z 1.770,000 Total of Tales Tetanus' upon seskena excise, and tams A 14477,0011 I repeat that I do sot propose this u a complete financial scheme. Many artieles are omitted which I should not wish to be considered to have willingly excluded, or be thought to have overlooked. I have gout again and spin through the dismal catalogue of our fiscal burdens, and if there be any item of the customs or excise duties which you are sorry to inn from the above table, be amund that the omission has clamed me equal regret. Bricks r,oght especially to stand one of the first on the list for a pmpective budget. Tobacco is a try strong case, but it invciives so large an amount of revenue that I could not include it.. The wine duties also call for a revision ; not to name others. Then there an some duties and Wee, the modification of w . nich does not necessarily involve • less of revenue, and we Inch may be dealt with indepeadertly of the present plan. fin duties on foreign end colonial coffee ought to be forthwf' equalimed; the property and income tax should be revised. , .nd alas, discrimination made between fixed and precarious Incomes. For the stamp upon new spapers.asteanned envelope might be substituted, bearing upon those only which trio transmitted by poet ; and the stamp duties, gene rally, tall loudly for an equi•able revision. I mention those sense plea to show that, by a dopting the proposed " National Bu?,get," you would rot be precluded from effecting other fin social reforms. ois the contra-y, I believe if the industry the country were further disburthened to the extent I have named, there would be an scenting surplus revenue from the natal-oil' Ag sources of taxation which would afford the means of ca Ainually making farther modifications and reductions of d , riles. Me would have been the case in times past, notwithe' ,anding all the restrictions upon our commerce; it the increas Ad income had not been swalOwed up by go vernment er .travagance. For instance, had not the go vernment been screamed sines the time of the Duke of Welling ton's lona' .nistration in 1830. then, notwithstanding the very large err .00nt of taxes and duos since remitted, there would r ow have been a surplus revenue, without the in- Cooed tr .x, va l.: , itha o pe rd tadiy o e r tuar t ft w , hu o ta u thb to z In she year 1835 our armaments cost us 11,557,0001.; for th e tw she months ended on the sth of April lest, the y reache d , n th amm e poou m nn o t d th e oef b lr y t w dy in ., : na4 l , ra w ne o da t to l i d i an..n reduce id. idc ee: iiemvolumene exclusive of the interest of the debt, was axepealudinFthogartlth,tlhremn,chooo.:le.tifmotrzthththeeeKpwerftteenwetux7pe,eirin9a,r34tullrertoilbe. 01 ; m an e u d at T 26,747.0001.,' and deducting 19,341,0001., the cost of our war like establishments, Moines only 7,406,0001. to cover the • whole of the civil expenses of the government. It will be • writ-evident, then, that if any material retrenchment be effected, it must be mainly upon our armaments, the ocet et which bee been increased. 7,000,0001.; end this dazing a II period et profound peace, and in the dimes of all • revolutionary convulaioos, and whilst each suocinflve from the throne enured the assembled per t =e h nt of the peaceful disposition of all foreign , powers. But if we take into calculation the present reduced value of commodities, it will be found that 10,000,0001. ex i waded upon our armaments will now go much farther than 1 11,667,0001. did in 1836; and I suggest that you propose the • • former sum as the maxi am expenditure forth@ army, navy, and ordnance, by which you will gain about 8,600,0001. of the proposed saying of 10,000,0001. I by no means, however, wish to commit your smociation to ten millions as the mini mum cart of our armaments, for I have a strong belief that '. you will live to see the wute reduced to less than halt that • sum. The abnvonansed amount will be three times as great ae that of the United States ; greater than that incurred for the more purpose by Russia, Austria, or Prussia ; and, judg ing by her prouised reductions, nearly, if not quite, as large • as that of France. The remaining 1,500,0001. to complete the proposed nduc lien of 10,000,0001., you will have little difficulty in saving from all the other loads of expenditure, including the cost of collecting the revenue and the management of the craw's lain& I repeat, emphatically, all hope of any material relief from taxation hinges upon the question of a large reduction in the cost of our army, navy, and oedemas. It it be objected that Ido not specify the particular regiments or ships which I propose to reduce, my answer is, that the only way in which i the public can restrict the government at all, in its warlike expenditure at • time of peace, is by limitin g amount of money. Disband a regiment, or pay off a ship today, and the amount saved may be spent tomorrow upon steam ' basins, or for fresh fortifications at Gibraltar, Labuan, or HonoKorig. This was the view entertained by Sir Henry Parnell, • great whig authority, who, in his work upon Financial Reform, written when the Duke of • Wellington was at the had of affairs, whilst arguing for a • reduction in the expenditure of our military &pertinent', says, w Fix upon a much smaller sum, and tell them that they must make it answer." There lianother good reason for this course. Some influential persons, who are opposed to any diminution of the strength of our armaments, yet contend that the present force mu be kept up at a very re duced cast. In their eye& your maximum sum may repre sent a much larger establishment than you contemplate. These parties, probably, would be u willing as myself to put an end to the crimes and cruelties imported into the slave trade by the interference of our costly fleet of cruisers upon the African coast; or there may be other savings contem plated by them ; so that, perhaps, in their opinion with en expenditure of ten millions, nearly as large en "festive force as at present may be maintained. But I un prepared to contend for changes in oar foreign, colonial, end domestic policy (though I will not attempt to do so at length now), maculated to facilitate a re duction in the amount of our armaments. First and foremost, we meat insist that the principles of non iaterfermsee in the affairs of foreign countries, so loudly professed by politicians of all parties, shin; be carried into practice in the policy of our government. During the whole of last year, a fleet, as formidable as that required by the Americans to watch over their comm ree it all parts of the globe, was maintained in the Signs, out of the taxes of the British people, for the service of the court and government of Portugal. At this moment we have as lug' a fleet in the Straits of Meseina. eagesed in an armed interference between the King of Naples and his Sicilian subjects, with no more interest or right en oar part than the government of the United States would have to send • squadron off Holyhead, and serum the character of an armed mediator between England and Ireland. For three or four years we have bad a fleet in the River Plate, inter fering in the endless and inexplicable squabbles sf the Monte Videaris and the Basses Amens, and which has at last ended in a ridiculous failure. I would wish to see our go vernment spare the people this useless expense., by simply knew* the rule observed by individuals of leaving other matins he settle their quarrels, and minding its own busi ness Meffier. I am also aware that any great reduction in our military establishments must depend upon a complete change in our solosial system ; and I consider suck a cheap to be the no emery einsequenee of our recent commercial policy. I am prepared to Carry out logically the principle of fees trade in our future relationship with our colonies. Nay, more, I always contemprated that the prectieal application or that principle would so simplify the question that it would not be possible afterward to continue the ruinous colonial ex penditure which we have hitherto sustained. So long as protection Ina our ruling policy, the nation believed that the exclusive trade with our colonies onispensued us tor the expenses of governing and guarding them I did not, of course, share in that opinion ,• but there was consistency, if not wisdom, in thou who did. But we have now declared that for all commercial purposes, they shall is future stand in precisely the mane reladonahlp towards us u foreign countries. For seventy years we have do hied ourselves the right by statute to tax them for im perial purposes. Under these altered eireuessteaces, wal anybody be found, even amongst the protestionists, ay, even Lord Stanhope himself, who is to maintain that henceforth the only exclusive sionn P i r = " we are to pro serve with our colonies is the monopoly of the expense of governing' protectionists tradeisani t b erur= e irr oth e elvos wiM th"Liein j e linm °3l. e inth ir ealweaud Demanding thtliat an exemption from the expense of the 40 little *maw, which (exclusive of the troops in *tar, fa tresses of Gibraltar, &a) areir 4 • I this country in all parts of the ",• little army always afloat for the fully ••••••e ..• -,: ---.. , rr- ,i• 'S e:;V: ' • ••I' . ' ..4 rev ; , .„.;:,:, • . env - 6 ,•,..... t: • -.... ~,,, ..,,, c..v•.•._ .. y it w biz of r 64 id la a 1~, Ili 'riot 1111 MOP Isms tom I pro nig Dm, tbi r the is idlo rimbh anises r, 1.1 them Is, h gliso Is WI M l O et eg