The Express. — London, England, 1848-01-03 00:00:00

• Liens. Saturday being New Year's-day there was no business transacted on the Exchange.--BlllsTOL. — The market was dull and drooping. The only bargains were in Great Western' Quarter ahares (for cash)tat 1! pm., and in the New 171. shares of the same company at 188.941. pm. Saturday being New Year's-day no business was done in the Liverpool, Manchester, and Birmingham share markets. COALS.—ffilf-past Tro.—The following are the quota , ions Tanlield Moor, 19s. ; Walls End Braddyll's Hetton, 25s ; Walls End Lambton, 255. Gd. ; Walls End Tees, 23 .—Ships at market, 35. CORN.—MARK-LANIL—Our market WM fairly sup plied this morning with Wheat by land carriage samples from the near counties, but supplies coastwise continue mo derate. Fins dry samples were a ready sale. at fully lavt week's quotation., but damp and inferior qualities were dif ficult to quit at previous prices. The business dune in foreign Wheat was limited, without alteration in ♦alue. Barley a dull sale, and must be quoted Is. lower. The te ceipts of Oats, of home-growth continue very small ; fwm abroad about 14,400 qrs. have come to head during the week. There wa a fair sale for the article to-day, at pre vious rates. Beans and Peas without any quotable varia tion in value. BRITIBII. Sinkage per Quarto WSW, Eske: and Kent, red 50 to 54 to 56...wh1te 4B to 58 to 58 Norfolk and :Pitfall:. 45 t 0,52 (04_ do 52 to 54 to 56 Talavera i Fascs or Sutton, l .56 to GO Comb. 5 lon., red.. . to —to —...white..... to to Northumb. and Scotohdo. to Irish do Rya 5 l to 52 Itaativ, Feedng ••••••» — to --distilling 13 to 25 to 27 Malting 2$ to 30...Cheva1er29 to 31 6=22 Irish «.........t0 Oicolsh to Mto O4 to 3$ Ant, pale 56 to 62 r..., grey «... 33 to Sae Od maple U to 40 it —to . b ir: i iirelial —to White 37 to 41 ern. 44 to 45 BMA 111110. M. 32 to 34. Mak l4 to 36...01d 41 to 43 Harrow ......«.. 31 to 341..unan 36 to 38...01d 43 to 47 Taus, lOew Sprig, —to --new winter .., --old —to 12sruscsc, Near UMW Carr, per , thousantl Per reek et tette. hem Tort-made, dellveml 44 to 48... fine honserhoid 43 to 44 Norfolk and Suffolk .38 to 441...arttite 4O to 42 Northumberland, lintels, and Yoriugdre — to aura and Kent FOBZION. WIMP, Dantric and Kunigaberg ... 31 to 56...2111 Fornenusem, Itovtock, and &eta; French and Proliint Danish and Ilamburgh Rmaian . .42 to 41...747pthm Donut* mid Odor Spanish hard to —...sett Canadian —to .Aufstralioa—.., Si to 60 34 to 56 to -- SO to Si 10 to 50 -to -1 to 39 to— to- -t0.5 .5 to 21 e.lll, an and OtrabisPA boolirli and Danish Friezeland and Dutch food l9 to 22 Ditto Ores 34 to 23 /sod Baa9s, tick to— .oti. — to Small Noonan ....»...«......_... BS to 110...Tamani.. N p 'lA ry_ Whits 113 to 29 bolters —to 40 to 42 TAG'S, old —to new —to —...large .... . —to LlNalra.M Baltic and RONAL) ..... to 41 to 50 Mediterranean sad O. to 43 to 32 Rarnssep —to .beartated 34 to 30 11.arrensn CAKES tree of duty, per ton.. ...... ---,Et oa.toE 6 Gs. LISSLILD CULLA, Dutch and German S 9 06. to /10 Os. Ditto French and American £lO Os. to SII Os. Fora, American, per barrel 0t1thi1b5....... ..... ............ ... 34 to 23 liantaic and hamburg to Canadian French, per sack of 280111 e., free to ARRIVALS 1N 70 LONDON FROM 27th DEC. TO let lAN. Qrs. English. Scotch. Irish. Fortis& Wheat I 4033 1 I I 2310 S Barley 1 1300 Oata I 640 I 130 14371 lima, 3,733 mks ; barrels. Malt, IMPERIAL AV ERAGI Rn BAILEY. ' , ceding Oars, .. 21 to II ' 918 5,1191 ON Wisest.. Barley.; Oats. Rye. i Beans.l 4 l'ene. Nov. 24 ... 54s 3d 32s 0.2 25§ 11(132n l ekll43s 114 Os 64 - 27 590 Ild 31s 6d 22 0 10 6 3U 10d: Hs ed Ins 3d Dec. 4 ... 524 14 30s 8d 22, 5d 26. 11e44s Od -10.. 7d 11 31* 11d,303 3d 22s 4.1 310 04:42s 7417 s 7il Ii 32s 2d - 30* /d 210 54s 4t1 : 41* 6i1.48.1 2d —• 25 535 01 310 3tl 21s 3d910 1a,40s 6d 14s 3d 11 weeks' A. Aver. 32s 9d Us Id 22s 3d 31s 10d.i3s 2.1.47 s 104 'There ere no duties on Foreign Grain.) — Res=, 54 3-1. Nov. te. Noe. 27 Dee. 4. _ =a ...... ::: .. ••• '... ... 1 ... 1 7.71 ... j:..fr • .. ... ... ANDOVER, Jan. 1.-The millers this day were extensive purchasers of all good, dry, grinding Wheats, at the prices of last week ; but other sorts could not be sold, though offered at a decline of from 5s to 105. per loath Barley war in gond supply; the heaviest Chevalict, weighing slilbs., was sold at 345. per quarter • good heavy grinding, at 325. ; common samples, at from 1 295. to 315. Oats, ef bright and sweet quality, sold as last week; out common feed were le. per qr. lower. Beans, good old foreign, could not be purchased cheaper; but new English were offered at a decline of Is. per qr. White boiling Peas were in good request, at a trifling advance ; grey rather lower. BATH, Jan. 1.-Our market wall largely supplied both with Wheat and Barley. The former met with a dull sale at last week's prices ; and the latter was le. per qr. lower. In Oats, Peas, and Beans no alteration. Wheat, 525. to 662. Barley, 325. to 315. Peas, white, 50s. to 56a. • grey; 465. to 48e. Beans, new, 4 65 . to 455 . ; old, sf,s. to Ga. Oats, white, 245. to 28e. ; black, 22a. to 265. BEDFORD, Jan. 1.-The value of Wheat eeeeded about ls since last market day, with the trade very dull. A plentiful supply of Barley, and prices went fully 2s. lower. Other articles were dull at last week's rates. Wheat, 30s. to 335. Duns, 235. to 331. per loadlof 5 bushels. Barley, 275. to 31a. Oats, 235. to 284. per qr. Average far the week eliding Dec. 24 ; Wheat, 5091 qrs., 525. 51d. ; Barley, 19 4 3 qrs., 325. 51d. BOSTON, Jan. 1.-Ever since last market day we have had continuous rain and snow, so that very little Corn came to-1 day for sale. So very little Wheat is good condition, that millers were anxious buyers, and the trade generally ad a more firm appearance, without advance in prices of anything. Wheat, red, 445. to 60a. ; fine, 525. to 645. ' • whits, 465. to 625. ; tine, 5 45 . to 66 5. Oat 4, 164 . to 21s. Beans, 3Cie. to 38s. CANTERBURY, Jan. 1.-We experienced considerable dul ness in the trade to-day ; but we do not call the pries* different to last week. White Wheat, 50e. to 581.; brown, 475. to 535. Barley, 28 s. to 33 5. Oats, 225. to 28s. Beam; 35a. Peas, 38s. CARLISLE, Dec. 31.-There was a small supply . of grain 1 at our market this morning, but, the demand proving slow, last week's rates could not be exceeded except in Oats, which 1 fn some instances realised 6d. rter bushel more money. Prices of grain, Ate... Wheat, white, new and old, 235. Gd. to 245. 6d. ;red. old and new, 22a. to 235. Barley, new and old, lls. to 12s. Potato Oats, Bs. 6d. to 9,,. 6 ; common, 7s. 6d. to Bs. pe r stone, 2s. Gd. to 2a. Bd. Oat meal, 2s. Ry 6 emeal, l Is. Bd. Barley, la. Gd. CHEL?46PORO, Dec. 31.-There was a smaller supply of Wheat at market this day ; but, the condition being much affected by the weather, the prices of last week only were sustained. Barley rather cheaper. Beans and Peas fully sustained their late value. Fine white Wheat, 58s. to 60e. ; red, 535. to 555. per qr. Cetireexuast, Dec. 31.-Wheat, finest dry samples, sold at 141. per load, or 561. per qr : ; good, at 545. ; inferior, at 50s. Barley, best Chevalier, 355. per qr. ; good, 335. • fair grinding, 31e. Beans end Peas, Is. per qr. lower. 'Oats, from 20s. to 26c per qr. Coheuraraß, Jan. 1.-The supply of Wheat continues fair. Millers, having plenty of water and a good sale for Flour, are free buyers at full prices ; but little has been done for export. Barley is in better suely, but, owing to the Tarn in the Malt trade, it sells slow ly, at a reduction of Is. to 2s. per qr. from this day fortnight. Beans are in short so ply, and prices tend upwards. Wheat, red, 591 b. to 6016. quality, 51s. to 625. ; white, 545. to 565. ; red, 6111 b. to 621 b., as. to 565. •, white, 60e. to 62e. Barley, fine malting, 325. to 33c ; useful, 30s. to 31s. Beans, Muagan, 611 b. to 621 b., 36e. ; ticks, 641 b. to 6916., 38s. to 39a., free on board. GEovcsarea, Jan. 1.-During the week there has been a good supply of English Wheat, which ruled dull, at last week's prices. For foreign, of fine quality, there has been a steady demand, at former rates ; whilst inferior samples are neglected, and prices remain nominal. Malting Barley in good t•upply. and met a ready sale, at Is. per qr. decline. In Beans and Oats ,but little doing at our quotations. At our market this day, English Wheat was held very firmly ; but buyers did not pay any advance. For foreign there was a fair inquiry, but the scarcity of good qualities checked business. Malting Barley, Beans, and Oats, remain as noted below ; grinding Barley scarce. Present priori : Wheat, English, white, per imperial bushel, 7e. to 7s. Gd.; red, Gs. 9d. to 7s. 3d. ; Dantzic (low te high mixed), per 480 lbs., 7s. 3d. to 7s. 9d. ; Polish. Pome ranian, Stettin, Gs. 3d. to 75.; °dual Marianopoli, soft, 6s. 3,1. to 64. Gd. • ' Odessa Taganrog, hard, ss. 6d. to 6s. Barley, English, grinding, per 3921b5., 28,. to 30a.; malting, per imperial qr., 31e. to 33e.; foreign grinding, 27e. to 2 9 5. Beans , Eng l i sh, p er imperia l bushel, 6s. to , 7e. ; foreign, Egyptian, per 654 lbs., 4s. Cd. to 4s. fld. ' • French, Dutch, small tick, 5,. 6d. to 6 s. Bd. Oats, per 312 lbs., Lime rick, Wexford, end Enniscorthy, white, 23e. to 245.; Cork. Waterford, and Youghali, 225. to 23e. • Welsh, black, 21s. to 225. 641.; Irish, per 3121 be., 21e. to 2'2e. hil. Peas. breakers, per imp. bushel, English, 6s. to 6s. 6d. ; grey and ✓indere, per 6.1 ills., English,‘ be. tOd. to se. M. Indian Corn, beetp., 4s. 641. to 4a. 9d. Lentils, 4s. 4d. toes. 6d. Flour, ,seconds, English, 41s. to 435. Linseed Cake, French, 101.10 s. to 111. Imports of the week ending Dec. 31 :-Wheat, 2,315 qrs.; Oats, 1,154; Beaus, 7,1445; Peas, 714. GUILDFORD, Jan. 1.-There was a fair quantity of Wheat at market to day, which was in ready sale at an advance of about Is. per qr., little remaining unsold. Barley Is. to 2a. lower, but at this reduction a good amount of business was done. Wheat, 495. to 66e. Barley, 29% to 325. Oats, 20s. to 231. Beaus, 41e. to 465. Peas, 40s. to 43. KINGSTON, Jan. 1.-The best white Wheat made 665. to 58e. per qt. ,• red, 644. ; common, 50s. Barley, best malt ing, sold at Is. per qr. lower I common and grinding, at 2s. less money. Oats, best Poland , and •Potatoe, sold at 275. to 28s. per qr.; good feed, at 245. to '2ss. M AR LBOROUGH, Jan. 1.-The finest white Wheat sold at from 666. to 675. per qr. ; best, red, 555. ; common Wheats, 52a. Barley, beat smelting, was le. per qr. cheaper, the highest price net exceeding 345. per qr. ; good and grinding could be had at 30s. to 32e. Oats were of slow sale, at from 20e. to 27*. per qr. Beans were le. cheap..., as were also grey and maple Peas ; the best boilers sold al last week, and in good demand. u, 11. D. le. Dee. 2 11 $2 2 32 1 31 11 1, Niewratertn-ox-Tres, Dec. 31. -At our market this morning we had a good supply of Wheat from the Country, but the condition, although somewhat improved, being still moderate, the trade ruled slow, but late rates were fully sus tained, whilst the business done in foreign was to a fair ex tent, at rather exceeding the rates of this day se'nnight, South Couatry qualities, at the same time, commanding a fair sale upon like term'. For Flour there was a steady though not brisk inquiry, heuaeholds being saleable at 395. to 405., extra up to 415., whilst the value of whites may be stated from 411. to 435. according to quality. Rye sweltered. Malting as well as Grinding Barley quite ea dear ; but Malt is the turn cheaper, with rather less demand. In Beans and Peas we can scarcely quote any change, if any thing the latter article is held somewhat more firmly. With Oats we were well supplied, and a fair clearance) was effected at about the rates of this day se'nnight Prices: Wheat, British, Northumberland, old, white, 58s. to 625. ; red, 645. to Ma. ; new, white, 58s. to 625. ; red, 62.. to 6130. • Norfolk and Suffolk, old, white , 601 . to 645. red, 665. to 60s. • new, white, 681. to 61e. . • red, 645. to 5 9 5. • Lincolnshire, old, white, 66.. to 620.; red, 665. to 60a. ; new, white, 565. to 62* . ; red, 645. to 68 s. Rye, Norfolk and Suffolk, 32e. to 36e. Barley, Norfolk and Suffolk, 295. to 325. Chevalier, 325. to 34..; Northumberland and Scotch, 265. to 295.; Chevalier, 28a. to 31s. ; grinding and distilling, 2.55. to 28s. Malt, 64e. to 67e.; Chevalier, 67.. to 695. Oats, Northumberland and Scotch, potato, old, 245. to 28s. ; new, 241. to 265. ; common and Angus, old, 225. to his.; new, 20s. to 241. Pear., white, boilers, 40s. to 464. Bean., old, 4415. to 605. ; new, 365. to 40s. Flour, per sack, fine, Stockton and Northumberland, 425. to 43c ; Norfolk, white, 40s. to 42e. ; houetholds, 38s. to 40s. ; seconds, 375. to 40s. ; households, 345. to 375. ; thirds, 301. to 345.; households, 265. to 300. Wheat, foreign, Dentate and Konigsberg, white, 58s. to 625. red, 50s. to 61.. Silesian, white , 56 e. to 62 5.; red, .54+. to 67a. Mecklenburg and Pomeranian, white, 58s. to 62e.; red, 565. to 595. Hamburg, Marks and Anhalt, white, 465. to 60.. ; sea, 545. to 58s. Kiel and Holstein, white, 645. to 58s. • red, 625. to 565. Petersburg and Arch angel, red, 40e. to 465. Odense, red, 465. to 48e. Polish, red, 47e. to 504. Rye, Russian, 24.. to 28s. Barley, Baal, 30s. to 345.; Pomeranian and Holstein 265. to 30s. Oats, Pome ranian, feed, 20s. to 22 5.; Hols tein and Daniels, 18e. to 20s. ; Archangel and Rig., 18s. to 20s. Peas, white, 36 e. to 44e. Flour, per barrel of 196 lb., United States and Canada, duty paid, 275. to 30s. The arrivals this week are : Wheat, coastwise 330 qrs.; foreign, 1,607 ; Rye, coastwise, 123; Barley, coa stwise, 290; foreign, 427 ; Malt, coasteriee, 130; Oats, coastwise, 480: foreign, 1,030; Peas, foreign, 145 ; Flour, 2,733 sacks. NEWPORT, ISLE or WIGHT, Jan. 1.-The Wheat trade to-day was steady, at last week's prices. Batley Is. per qr. lower. Oats, Beane, and Peas no alteration in value. Wheat, from 50s. to 630. Barley, 265. to 30s. Oats, 235. to 26e. Beans, 445. to 455. Nonwicu, Jan. 1.-Our market was well supplied with Wheat to-day from the growers, exceeding the demand ; and, notwithstanding the leading markets assume a firm ap pearance, prices aro inclined to give way a little. Merchants also offer at rather less money, without effect ing sales to any considerable extent. The condition of the late-thrashed is very inferior, chiefly owing to the prevalent damp weather, and scarcely a sample to be found up to 631ba, per bushel. Flour was in fair request at late rates, and several lots changed hands. The quantity of Barley offering was large, sad prices barely supported our late quotations. Oats, l'esus, and Beans the turn cheaper. Price current : Wheat white, 6211 w., 545. to 581. ; red, 50s. to 545. Barley, malting, 275. to 315.; grinding, 265. to Vs. Oats, 245. to 28s. Peas, 40s. to 4ls. Beans, 435. to 45e. Household Flour, f.0.b., 375. to 375. 6d., purchasers finding aacks and claiming one month's discount ; retail, 2s. Id. per stone. NOTTINGHAM, Jan. 1.-We have a full show of Wheat in our market to-day, and also a good demand, at fully the rates of teat week; and for the finest samples a slight ad vance is obtained. The lower descriptions may be quoted shwa the same. The demand for Barley keeps up to the sup ply, and the prices nominally the same, with little or no alteration in other articles. White Wheat, 60s. to 625.; red, 575, to 605. Barley, 33e. to 375. Feed Oats, 225. to 2is. ; menling, 265. to 28s. Beane, 48s. ; old, 565. to 58s. PETEREDROUOH, Jan. 1.-We have a good supply of all grain to this, day's market. Fine dr y Wheat is in de mand, and makes Is. per qr. more than last week, with a better demand than of late fir secondary sorts. Barley Is. to 2e. cheaper. Oats rather dearer. No change in the value of Beans. Currency to the growers: Wheat, new, 445. to 465. ; fine, 52.. to ~6s. ; old, 525. to 645. ; fine, 565. Barley, 30s. to 325. ; fine, 34.. (tats, new, 20s. to 225. ; fine, 245. ; old, 285. to 301. ; tine, 331. Beans, 525. to 545. PETWORTH, Jan. 1.-There was a quiet trade in Wheat to-day, holders not being anxious to press sales. Barley dull, at a decline of Is. to 2s. per qr. In other grain but little passing. Wheat, white, per load, 131. to 131. 16s. ; red, 121. 102. to 131. Barley, malting, 32+. to 33e. ; triad ing, 28 5. to 30s. Oats, 21s. to 235. Peas, 425. to 445. Beau, 425. to 4.55. READING, Jan. 1.-We had a large supply of Wheat to day, and selected dry qualities commanded a ready sale at last week's prices, but damp and inferior descriptions (of which the supply principally consisted) were a heavy sale, at 2s. to 3s. per qr. less money. The supply of Barley was large, and of inferior quality, and although offered at Is. to 2s. per qr. reduction, much remained unsold. Oats, Peas, and Beans dull, without alteration in value. SAFFRON WALDEN, Jan. 1.-Our Wheat market without any alteration since last week. Barley on the advance, and fully Is. per qr. dearer. In Oats, Peas, and Beans no alteration. SUNDERLAND, Dcc. 31.-The supply of Wheat from the farmers to day was rather large, and during the week there have been some arrivals coastwise, besides 550 'sacks of Flour. The demand for Wheat was pretty good, but prices were lower, fully 2.. per quarter. The best Wheat realised 60s. to 685.; good average parcels, 565. to 68e. ; and inferior samples, 50s. to 645. Malang Barley is in request, at Ma to 351 , . ; and name considerable transactions in Oats have taken place, at 235. Beans, at 50s. to 58e. ; and grey Peas, at 38s. to 405., are in moderate retail demand. Flour is free sale, at 425. to 43e. per sack for south country ; 395. to 403. for home-made ; American, per barrel, 283. to 30.. ; and Indian Meal, which is in good demand, 16e. to 17s. WARMINSTER, Jan. 1.-The prices of last week were given for all Wheat fit for erinding, but damp samples were not so saleable, though offered at a decline of Is. per wick. Barley sold at a decline of Is. per qr. ; fine malting, 345. to 3.55. ; good, 325.; grinding, weighing 10 score 121bs. 30s. Oats, fine Polands, made 28s. per qr. • good feed, 2.5 e. to 25e. ; common, 21s. to 225. ; trade rather dull. Beans were Is. per qr. cheaper; heavy old, 275. to 28s. per sack; new, TN. to 245. Peas, white, in good request, at last week's prices; maple and grs y rather cheaper. WINCHESTER, Jan. 1.-In Wheat a fair amount of bull new was done ; 561. per qr. appeared to be the top price given for white ; 545. for red; all other kinds, from 505. to 521. Of Barley more on offer than usual; the highest price given was 345. per qr., some very good selling at 325. to 335. ; moderate, 30s. Beet old Deans were in good request at last week's currency ; new, rather lower. Peaa, white boiling, more in request, at from 445. to 46e. per qr. ; grey and maple about the same. Oats without alteration in price. WISRF.CH, Jan. 1.-We are flirty supplied with Wheat, and moderately with other grain at to-day s market. Good dry Wheat is rather dearer, and the middling qualities in more request. Condition is generally improved. Oats and Beans in better demnd, at fully former prices. Prices to tho growers Wheat ` fin e new white, 6211 w. to 631b5., imp., 57.. per qr. of 36 st. ; good runs, 611 be. to 621 ha , ; fine sew red, 621b5. to 631 6 1 ., 54 5. ; clod runs, 61Ihs. to 621 he., 535. ; fine old red, 62Ibs. to 631 b.., 655. Oats, fine new meeting, slid. to 12d. per it. ; good new feed, Wid. to Ild. Beans, new, 375. to 395. WORCESTER, Jan. 1.-We had a thin attendance of far mere at our market to-day, and, the demand for Wheat being limited, prices were rather lower. 20e. to 21s. per hag; 21s. to 21s. Gd. was the tap price paid. Barley rather lower ; and Oats, Beans, and Peas also must be noted Is. per. qr. lower. Yeovil., Dec. 31.-Wheat obtained from 6s. Gd. to 7s. per bushel. Barley, 301. per qr. Oats, from 225. to 265. per qr. Beans, 20s. to 24.. per sack. YORK, Jan. 1.-Our market this day was well supplied with Wheat and Oats; the former is taken at fully last week's prices ; the latter are a trifle lower. Less Barley showing, and the price unaltered. Wheat, white, 56e. to Ma. per gr. imp. • red.ll3s. to 565. Barley, malting, 31.. to 345. • grinding, 2bs. to Ms. Beans, 43e. to 4 8e. Rye, 368 .1 to 3ge. Malt, 625. to 645. Oats, Ild. to 12d. per stone of 1411 w. Flour, 395. to 44e. per sack of 2801bs. DUBLIN, Dee. 31.-The supplies to our market have lat terly been very limited, and we advance our quotation's for Wheat this day 6d. per barrel. In other things we make no change in prices; they are a slow sale, at previous terms. I The following was the general currency :-Wheat, red, per 2801b5., 275. to 31s. ; white, 29.. to 325. Gd. Oats, per 19611 w., Ils. to 13s. Bailey, per 2241b5., 14s. to 17n. Oat meal, per cwt., 12s. 6d. to 14s. 6d. Flour, per cwt., for Oat seconds 16e. 6d. to 175.13 d. Indian Corn, per 4801b5., 30s. to 395. BELFAST, Dee. 31.-We have had a fair supply of pain at market during the week, and farmers' Wheat is In good demand, at an advance of about gd. per cwt.: parcels ex-ship or store are also in better request, at improving prices. Flour maintains former quotations. Barley unchanged in demand or value. Oats in 'steady demand, at hilly last week's rates, and one lighter-load of good Cane' Oats sold at 61. 12a. 6d. per ton, caeh. Oatmeal has advanced 3d. per cwt., and meets a ready sale. Indian Corn declined fully ss. per ton in the beginning of the week, but at this decline considerable sales have been effected, and the market is now firm at our quota tions. I orn Meal ie not so free • sale as Corn. Prices of cargo ; ' and parcels in store per ten : Wheat, new red, Irish, 121. to 121. 108. ; white, 121. to 121. 10s. Oats, Irieh, 61. Gd. to 71. Barley, 61. 10s. to 71. se. Oatmeal, 121. 10a. to 131. 10s. Prime yellow Indian Corn, 81. 10.. to 81.16 e. ; Meal, 91. 6a. to 91. 10s. ; do. per barrel, 16s. to 175. White ladianCorn,9l. to 91. 10a; Meal, 91.155. to 101.; do. per barrel, 16s. to 16s. 6d. Costa, Dec. 31.-Since our last the weather has teen changeable, but there he, on the whole, a decided improve ment upon that of the last few weeks. The nights are generally frosty, and those are usually followed by at least one day of flee weather. As is usually the ease during the week immediately succeeding Christmas, the trade is dull, and exhibits an ab sence of that animation which characterised it last week. For this reason we have but little to say upon the subject this post, the business doing bring of a retail character. The supplies of grain too are trifling, the receipts for the week being: Wheat, 1,229 brie., at 235. to 28e, tid. per barrel. Barley, 630 bile., at 13s. to 15.. Oats, 2,126 bels., at 10s. to Ils Bd. The quantity of Wheat offering is small, and, the demand being equal te, the supply, the trade riles firm. In prepared Whcat but little doing. Prices remain unchanged. The 'slue of Barley is fully maintained, while the supply is small. Oats also, the receipts of which are limited, are un changed in price. In prepared Oats wo hear of few trans actions. Flour, the bakers having stocked themselves largely before Christmas, is a very dull sale. Prices remain unal tered. Indian Corn participates in the general dulness. The top price of., prime Galata a nominally 91. 10a per ton, hut we have net heard of any sales at a higher figure than 91. 55. We therefore quote this article without alteration in value from the rates of last week. Indian Corn meal continues to be less sought a ft er than the raw material. Its value is un changed. Listentex, Jan. I. -We have had variable weather during the weelt-rain, frost, and this morning a very heavy fog-the quantity of grain at market has been very mode rate, and prices fully maintained. At this day's market the supply of Wheat was small ; buyers appeared anxious to pur chase at a small advance. Oats in brisk demand, at firm prices. Barley eontinuet firm, awl price steady The trade for Indian Corn has been very good, with as upward ten dency in price, but Indian Meal slow of sale; in other Bread Stuffs a fair consumptive demand. Au immense arrival of vessels, and freights considerably down. Wheat, red, 13d. to 151 d. per stone; white, 15d. to 171 d. Oats, 91d. to 10d. Barley, I Id. to 12d. Indian Corn, 91. to 91. 51. per ton ; Meal, 91. Se. to 91. les. Whole Meal, 131. Oatmeal, 141. Irish Flour, 32a. per bag. NEWRY, Dec. 31.-The advance in the prices of grain is supported to a certain extent, and in some cams bite prices are exceeded, but st yesterday's market the country supplies were small. We quote :-Wheat, white, I Is. to I ls. Gd. per cwt.; red, 10s. Gd. to 10s. 93. Barley, 7s. Gd. to Bs. Oats, 101 d. per stone. Flour, Oatmeal, Indian Corn Meal, &c., remain stationary, with not much business doing. Flour, first, 18s. per cwt. ; second, 16s. ; third, 14s. ; and fourth, 12s. American Flour, 31s. to 325. per barrel. Indian Corn Meal, 9s. per cwt. Oatmeal, mea:kinc-manufactured, remains at 12s. 6d. per cwt., and country descriptions at 1 le. 6d. to 12s. Gd., but the demands still dull. Wavenronn Jan. 1.-With moderato supplies of grain from the country, as well as from abroad, our market during the week has ruled firm for every article is the trade. At this morning's market, we have but a small show of Wheat and Barley ; for the former an advance of Gd. to Is. per bar rel is readily obtained ; and for the latter, as well as Oats, last week's rates are fully supported. Indian Corn has not been ea much inquired for ss of late ; but as holders are not anxi ous to press sales, no decline in its value can be quoted. Flour of all 'descriptions sells freely, at advancing prices. I'resent price' of Grain, &c.: Wheat, undried, millers', per 20 stone 295. to 305.; shipping, 275. to 28s. Barley, malting, per 16 stone, 15e. to 16s. 6d. ; grinding, 12s. 6d. to 13a. 6d. Oats, white, per 14 atone, Ils. to 12a. fxl. ; black, Ila 43. to Ils. Bd. Prepared : Wheat, millers', per 20 stone, 30s. Gd. to 31s. 6d. ; shipping, 295. to 295. Gd. Barley, melting, per 16 stone, 16e. to 17e. ; grinding, 14s. Gd. to 15s. 6d. Oats, white, per 14 stone, 12s. to 134. ; black, 12s. to 12s. 61 Flour, super., per sack, 400. to 41s. ; seconds, 36.. to 375.; thirds, 3'2s. to 345.; fourths, 245. to Us. American, per barrel, 295. to 30s. Indian Corn, Danube, per 20 stone, 22a. 601. to 235. 9d. ; American, yellow and red, Es. to 22..; Spanish and Portuguese, 20s. to 211. ; white, 22 - i. to 22a. 6d.; damaged, for cattle, 16s. to 18s. Indian Corn Meal, per cwt., 10s. Oatmeal, per cwt.. 13a. to 14e. , Rye Meal, per cyst., le. to Bs. Bran, per 6 stone, 3s. 6d. to 3 1 . Bd.-Imports this week, exclusive of arrivals at Rom: Wheat, 75 qrs. ; Indian Corn, 3,765; Flour, 96 barrels. KIRKCALDY, Jan. 1.-The weather has been very change ' able during the week. On Friday morning we had intense frost-at mid-day a thaw set in, and this morning we have frost again. At our country markets this week we had very moderate supplies of grails. Wheat and Oats fully main ' tained late rates-the latter was even Is. per qr. higher in some localities; Barley buyers were less anxious, and prices receded 6d. per qr. Here to-day we had small supplies of all kinds of grain. Wheat was a very slow sale, at a reduc. tion of 2s. per qr. ; Barley sold tardily, at about 6d. per qr. less than last day ; while Oats soldiquickly, at Is. per qr. advance. Wheat, 465. to 380. per qr. ; Barley, 275. to 33a. per qr. ; Oats, 221. to 2th. Gd. per qr. ; Oatmeal, per bag of ; 280 Ow., 335. POTATOES.—SOVTIIMARK, WATERSIDE, Jan. 3. —There were but few I'otatoes in this market at the early part ol the week, but Sat the does) there were some arrivals from Yorkshire. Itriees : Tork Regents, 130 s. to 140+. ; do. se condary, 120 s. to Ms.; do. ShAws, 110.. to 1203. Kent Regs nts, 100 a is 1305.; do. Shows, 1003. to 120 s. ; do. Kid neys, 100.. to 1405.; do. Blues, 110 s. to 1203. ; Wisbech Regents, 1101. ; Homburg. 001. to 1001. ; Dutch 70s. to 1103. HOPS. Boaonon M Mews. Pattenden snd Smith, lARKET, TIM 0 . Cluck. Hop factors, report that the . _ market remains the same. Nra Ml 4 E. Keno 4/. 0 OW. 12 Vcvling Xeuts,p.cwt. 21.10 to 3/. n New Wc.:1141 of Emits 2 16 to 4 0 Yowling awed 2 btu 8 3 New Stewel 0 10W 3 10 Old 1101.1 1 10 to 2 Farnham. 4 4to 6 12 AN novzie, Jan. I.—Several parcels have been again sold for a further advance of 2s. per cwt. The heat priee now Riven for Farnhams is 61. 12s. per cwt. ; Altone, 4!. 10s. ; Odihams, 4/. 4s. ; common, 3/. los. WINCUFATER, Jan. I.—Trade remains firm, the hest bright Farahams selling at 51. to :V. 10s. per cwt. ; fine Al tons, 41. to 4!. 53. ; common Susses, &c., 3/. to 3/. 10s. WOOL.—LoNnorc—No business has been done, either in Colonial or foreign, this week, and the market has a very quiet appearance. Prices are now Id. to 4d. lower for Australian ; par to 4d. for Van Dieman's Land; 2'l. to sd. for Port Philip ; Id. to sd. for South Australian ; Id. to 4d. for Cape ; and about Id. lower for East Indian, than at the close of the past year. The arrivals this week are; 25$ bales foreign, and 935 bls.:Colonisl. In English no change. LIVERPOOL —There has been more doing in foreign Wool, the trade being out of stock, and requiring something for immediate use. The market continues steady. Alpaca is more in request, and several sales are reported during the week. In Stitch there is little doing, although holders show more desire to realise. For Saturday's Starke* see last rap. THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 3, 1844. CATTLE, &C.—SMITHFIELD, Deo OTldet.—We have to-day rather a large supply of Beasts, and in conse quence of the mild weather, the demand is not so great as it has been. Trade is heavy still, the choicest qualites are not much lower, 51. 2d. has been realised in seine instances. The supply of Sheep has increased ; trade is itot so good. Some of the best Downs make nearly an much as 'of late, but large Sheep are very little in demand, owing to the unfavourable weather. However, almost ever 7. thing is disposed of at a small reduction. Calvet , are still scarce, and choice ones very dear. Friday's quotations are well supported. Trade continues steady for Pigs. From Holland we have 137 Beasts and 7-10 Sheep ; from Scotland, 200 Beasts, and Spain, 92. I Per .tone of sli , r. 4. s. el. Per 'dons of 81h.. a. d. a. d BOA Scow. Hertford4.. 4 if 6 0 Hat Dn. a 11f..4.1. dh. 0 0 0 0 Brat Mort hums ...... 4 4 410 Dad L00g...004. ...... 4 d 4 10 Second quality Emits.. 3 0 4 4 Do. do. Shwa ...... 60 0 0 Cuba . ....... .... 4 8 6 8 11:4 and Nomad quality 3 8 4 4 Hod Des. I Half bre& 5 0 6 2 Limbo ...... ........ . 0 0 0 0 Boman at marktt. 3,3= ; Bbcep and bet. ti,no ; celsem,el ; P1e..300, BRIDGEWATER FAIR.—Our fair was well supplii d with Cattle and Sheep, and there was a good attendance of buyers. Fat Bawds sold briskly at from 10s. to 11 a. per score, and store Cattle also fetched high prices. In the Sheep fair there were some prime Sheep, which fetched 711. per lb., although in the early part of the morning sales were net so brisk ; ultimately, however, a clearance was effected. GLABOOW, Dec. 30.—There was but a limited supply of Cattle. Sales were dull. Best Cattle brought about 00s. per cwt. sinking the offal. Black-faced Wethers brought from 245. to 31s. according to quality. Ewes from l2s. to 225. A number of Beasts left unsold. SHIPPING. Mama AHRIVED.—DubIia,6 ; Waterford,4; Donaghadee, 2 ; Guernsey end Jersey, 1; French, 4 ; Flanders, 2 ; Hol land, 1. LONDON, Jan. 3.—Wind this day at noon, S S.E , light breeze, and fine. FALMOUTH, Jan. 2.—S.S.W.—Sailed, Dee. 31st: Bertha, Monte Video; General Sir William Nott, Havanna ; Cou- rier, Boston. L A NCASTER, Dec. 31.—Arrived : Eliza Hall, Quebec. RAMMOATE, Jan. I.—N.E. • 2nd, 8.8. W., fresh.—Arrived Richard Watson, from Quebec, for Boston, with loss of bul. warts, sails, Sc. Sailed : Frith, Bahia. Cassraurrown, Dec. 29.—The brig Oliver Bete has been cut ashore at Carksey, near here. Smoo, Dec. 30.—1 t blew a severe gale during the night, at N.W. YARMOUTH, Jan. 2.—The New Harriet, Riga to Lon don, was waisted in here to-day, rather leaky. DIAL, Jan. I.—E. by S.; p.m., E. by S. to S.S.W.; 2nd, S.S.W., lresh.—Arrived : let, Euterpe, Quebec. 2nd, Ban galore, Batavia; Jenny Lind, Lisbon, and Argyle, St. John's N.B. ; Ben Nevis Prince Edward's Island. Ar rived 'from the river: Spartan,i Jamaica. Arrived from the river sad sailed : Tamar, Hobart Town ; Fame, Hon duras. Orr Doren, Jan. I.—Camerton Berbice ; Liddell, St. John's, N. 8., for Newcastle Emma , for Lever; Jade, St. John's, Newfoundland. 2nd, Tigris, Ceylon. Porcustourn, Jan. 1.-B.S.E, 2nd, : H.M.S. Cygnet, Madeira, St. Helena, and Ascension. PLYMOUTH, Jan. 1.-B.B.W.—Arrived : Queen Victoria, Dalhousie. Balms., Jan. 2.—B.S.W.—Arrived: Caroline, Jamaica; Hebe, Newfoundland. NEWPORT, Jan. I.—E.B.E.—Arrived : John Hutchings, St. John's. Cowan, Jan. I.—The Mary Caroline, of and for St. John's, N. 8., from Hull, was assisted in here to-day, with loss of bowsprit, cutwater, Ac., from contact with the Mary Isabella, Cardiff is London, which received considerable damage, and was abandoned in a sinking state; crew saved. STHONNESS, Dec. 20.—The Vertraner, Konigsberg to Leith, arrived here to-day, with loss of bowsprit, and the master washed overboard by a heavy sea, on the 19th inst. The Jane, Liverpool to Hamburg, put in here on the 2nd inst., with part of cargo thrown overboard ; must discharge. HARWICH, Jan. 2.—The Margaret, of Liverpool, Danteic to Weymouth, got on shore on the Long Sand this morning, and is a total wreck ; crew eaied. SOUTHAMPTON, Jen. 2.—Arrived: Severn (IL), Vera Cruz (lett on the Ist ult.; Havana, 10th; St. Thomas', 13th; and Bermuda, 20th); Isabella Napier (st.), Oporto' Sailed : Fire King (st.), Lisbon. JERSEY, Dec. 30.—Arrived : Arid, Newfoundland. PELL Dec. 31 .— Arrived : Colina, Dantric; Helen, Richibueto. CARDIFF, Dec. 31.—Arrived: John, St. John'r, N.B. SuieLos, Dec. 31.—Some of the vessels which sailed yes terday, of upwards of 14 feet draught of water, are reported to have struck on the bar. The Northumberland and the Coward, both tor London, have put bask, in consequence of striking on the liar. Ztte Orpregg. MAILS The malls for the Brazils, the River Plate, Monte Video, Pertivm. bu s y Beige, MUM'', and Buenos Ayres, will bo made ep on * 0 rooming of the 4th Jenuory. The malls for Vigo, Iporto Llebor, Madeira, Cadiz, and (libretti., will be made up on the morni ng of the 7th January. The overland closed rude, we Marveilles, to the Mediterranun fyypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, Rang Kong, Mc., will be made up on the evening ot the 7th January. The math fur British North America, Bermuda, and the Belie. vtates, will be made up on the evening of the 14th January. The Wed India Mafia, including Bermuda, Noun, Benue, lionduna, New Orleans, Vera Crux, Tampico, and Porto Rico, and excluding thou for !Madeira, Jac.ntl, Cartlingena, santa Martha, Chagrin, Panama, West Coma of South America, end tK Jums-de- Nicaragua, will be made up on the evening of the 17th January. The overland mails far OM/altar, Malta, Orrece, the lumen Is!ande, Demi, Aden, Ceylon. lathy Hong-Kont . , end China, eM tmem e speo,,, I .e 2. 1.4; mark; up on we Muhl°, of tie suut January. .The malts for New South Wales, Van Diemen 's Land, and New Zealand will be made up on the evening of the 'Mat January. TO CA)ItiIterONDLNTS. • .—The .if of AS note "In W. the plan for rent-elan to donne. to Ltelaad. adopted b the Itee.U. litleler," ken beea wen., and that ato. ona 11•• b• 011 wrltten to remeetlott I. eltnn. , - otlto tanned. fee "T. Two Looclon eve.. pap, tout. be et os.. NOUvelleatnt, 11 Two o'clok uo tee Jo, el pullleattos. MOB WATER AT IA)011)0,4 0.11)CIA. Tu. Ilu—Slorelars 14 =lc past II ; Atteraaan. role. put 0. 10-Muusow—ilanaug. NUL put a kfteurans. 46 tam. past O. LONDON, MONDAY, JAN. 3. THE accounts daily received from various parts of Ireland vividly describe the difficulties which beset the task of carrying into practical operation the pro visions of the recently extended poor-law. In a vast majority of cases that task has been undertaken with earnestuess and sincerity by the local bodies upon whose steadfastness and zeal so much of its success de pends ' • and we are confident that they will in all re spects be efficiently sustained by the central authority to whom large discretionary powers have been con fided for the enforcement and general guidance of the whole system. But in justice to all parties it must be owned, that never was a more perilous task com menced under circumstances more unpropitious and perplexing. Out-door relief, in any form and in any country, is a measure requiring every aid which the I prevalence of remunerative employment and general I habits of self-reliant industry can supply. 111 1 Ireland, unfortunately, these have both been wanting; yet such is the emergency, that no means have been resorted to, to palliate the evil of such:deficiencies, there having been, indeed, little time to devise or attempt them. So long as there was room in 1 the workhouses, the reluctance to enter them formed an efficient check upon the spirit of pauperism— that social leprosy, of which the infection is but too easily communicated in every commu nity, but which, among a people for genera tions fluctuating between the lowest means of sabeistence and absolute want, it must under any circumstances be difficult to combat or check. Hence, as the season has advanced, and the inadequate stock of food has gradually been exhausted, aversion to the restraints of indoor relief has yielded to the goading sense of destitution. During the last month, throughout Connaught and the western die tricts of Munster, the workhouses have been filling fast. Many of them are already full ; and round the gates throng an importunate crowd, whose numbers will the more readily increase as the fact becomes universally notorious, that there is no longer any accommodation to be offered them within the walls. In most instances a rate equal to three shillings in the pound has been struck ; and in many unions con siderable progress had been made in levying it. But in others, and more especially in those desolate re gions to which we more particularly allude, not half the new rate nor even the arrears still outstanding have been got in. Just in proportion as the produce of rates is required, the possibility of realising it is small. As the catalogue of claimants for a distributive portion extends, the list of defaulters in contribution extends likewise. The multitude have in some cases grown clamorous and violent, believing that their new right to outdoor relief was about to be denied or evaded. Tumults so occasioned are seldom difficult of repression ; but the difficulty and danger cannot be so easily got rid of. They remain, and threaten hourly to became greater. Boards of guardians look aghast at the prospect before them. Additional wards have in many places been hastily erected, to be more rapidly filled up. Out-door relief can no longer be postponed. At Nenagh the resole. tions that it should be given in food to those for whom there is no accommodation within doors, have been accompanied by circumstantial statements show ing that the probable if not inevitable result will be the imposition of rates to the entire amount of the value of property in the union; yet the commis sioners have not felt justified in refusing their sanction. In one of the northern unions it is said that the somewhat rash resolve has been adopted to give out door relief in money, possibly under the idea that both givers and receivers will be thereby kept in mind more vividly of the nature of the perilous gift. Throughout the eastern and central counties gene rally, vigorous efforts are making to increase useful employment of all kinds, and by promptly meeting distress when it arises, preventing as far as possible its becoming chronic and contagious. What has been done in Wexford, Westmeath, and Monaghan, in this respect, is deserving of all praise. Elsewhere there has unhappily been found less energy and fortitude ; and already nine or ten of the elective boards in the western district have unrelue tantly.given place to paid guardians appointed by the commissioners. Far from being surprised at this, we own our apprehension is much excited lest many other bodies, similarly beset by destitution, and, as we are compelled to believe,betrayed by the selfishness and folly of a certain section of that class whose manifest duty and true interest, as possessors of property, it is to support and sustain them, will follow the example already set by the boards of Cahirciveen and Galway. From far and near comes the ominous cry of whole sale and indiscriminate eviction. The brief interval that has occurred between the termination of one famine and the approach of another, has been occupied in too many districts with the desolating work of dis sossesaion and dilapidation. In several care . • entire villages have been swept away, and their inhabitants driven into the small and struggling towns to seek relief by mendicancy, or to swell the fugitive and famishing crowd that besieges the thresh hold of the union shelter. Is it to be wondered at that men who, in their individual spheres, have *been hitherto discharging their duty—employing to the utmost of their ability those who could work, and administering with frugality public relief to those who are helpless—should regard with despair the reckless conduct of those to whom we allude ? The system of clearances, as it is termed, is not new in Ireland. Locally, and by individuals, the practice has always prevailed, and seldom have its bitter fruits of increased crime, insecurity, and destitution, failed to follow. Even as a cooperative scheme, the idea of weeding estates of surplus occupants is not novel. It was tried on a great scale about the middle of the last century. Thousands of families were driven off tho soil, which was re-partitioned into large holdings. Its chief result was the kindling of that fearful spirit of agrarian violence which, under the name of Whiteboyism, began to manifest itself in 1760, and which under varying names and upon varying provocations has ever since distracted and disgraced the land. But within the space of a few years the soil was gradually re-distributed as before. And so it has, notwithstanding many desperate at tempts at forcible expulsion of tenants and consolida tion of holdings, ever since remained, the excep tional cases being those where wisely and gradually a peaceful change has been introduced and prospe rously maintained. We are conscious that upon the subject generally of the comparative merits of the two systems of large and small holdings, there is in this country a vast diversity of opinions. For ourselves, we arc not bigoted in our attachment to the exclusive creed of either school. We rather incline to the opinion that as there are some pursuits of agriculture for which large holdings are well suited, so there are many others which can be more economically earned out on minuter divisions of the soil. And we believe in this, as is most other things, that truth is dual rather than singular ; that if land were free, instead of being monopolised, it would be found in masses of infinitely various extent, because capital, whose diffusion is equally varied, would appropriate it as it was able to use it ; and that labour would find thereby the greatest conceivable demand for employment. To each of these brandies of the "abject we may again more particularly recur ; but whatever be the accuracy of such abstract views, one thing seems to us beyond the reach of argument, and it is thin—that this is not the time, if ever there was a time, to try the perilous experiment of a general change from small holdings to large, in a country so circumstanced as Ireland is now. Were it summarily practicable to get rid of all the minor tenements of land in Ireland, and peacefully to re-distribute the soil into farms of Norfolk size, we should deprecate the attempt as rash and mischievous, because, sooner or later, doomed to utter and ruinous failure. But convinced as we are, that nothing of the kind can generally be carried into operation, we re gard the partial attempts to effect it as only calculated to aggravate human suffering needlessly, to sow the seeds of a new field of pteedial crime, and for a time to obstruct and impede the legitimate working of the poor-law. Tae condition of too many among the labouring classes in the manufacturing districts is, no doubt, de plumble—physically, intellectually, and morally. It is unnecessary at present to repeat the details which every free-trade and every short-time orator, and every report of parliamentary commiLee on the state of these districts has: been dunning into us for years past. But there is one fact connected with the sub ject which is almost if not entirely overlooked, and that is :—One hundred years ago, when the factory system was in its infancy, matters were far worse. If any one will take the trouble to turn over the autobiography of Ilttrrete (the historian of Birming ham), he will find a description of the factory system as it existed at the time we refer to; from which it is obvious that the hours of labour were then longer, the number of children employed and the overtasking of their little powers proportionally greater than now, and the unrestrained brutality of overseers towards those under them, and of all towards each other, such as cannot now be paralleled. Yet the poor people of those days were glad to find refuge for themselves and their children within the walls of these factories from the starvation and idle- nese to which, but for their introduction, they would have been bound down; and but for the extension of the factory system since, where would the increasing millions to whom it has given employment have found the means to keep them front inanition or rot ting alive ? The millions who find employment in our factories have not been called into existence by them ; their existence has rendered the factory system possible, and that system has found bread for many—bread scanty enough, and hardly earned, it need not be denied, but bread which they must other wise have gone without. We write neither as partisans of the factory system, nor as eulogists of the mill-owners. We take these men as we find them. Hard-headed, shrewd men they are, eager in their pursuit of wealth, often deficient in general education, coarse in their sen timents, apt at times, in the absorption of their schemes, to forget ;he difference between theirhumaa and their steam engines. But even the least elevated natures among them have, in following out their purely selfish speculations, been unwittingly but neces sarily the means of enabling many a man and many a family to support themselves who otherwise would have found that impossible. Nor has the advance of the last century in liberality and humanity left this class unaltered any more than their neigh bours. It is easy to count up hundreds of masters in the factory districts who take a pride and pleasure not only in caring for the animal comfort of their labourers, but for their intellectual and moral eleva tion. The reign of the " billy-roller" is over in all our factories—ventilation, cleanliness, and seem ity against exposed machinery are cared for—the chil dren scarce grown out of infancy no longer are started at five in the winter mornings front the Hoek bed upon which they cast themselves after midnight, to find their way through the storm to a renewal of stupefying and demoralising drudgery. For this change we are indebted, is part, to the more humanised sentiments of the age, acting indi rectly both on masters and men ; in part, no doubt, to the direct interference of the legislature. The past history of the system has shown that legislative interference with factory arrangements has not, at all times, been either uncalled for or injurious. But it is a delicate matter legislating on industrial rela tions, and ought to be cautiously and heedfully set about. With the restriction of the hours of labour for children, or with the exclusion of children below a certain age from factories, no rightly constituted mind can quarrel. It is but an extension of the principle recog nised by the laws of all civilised nations with regard to young people not emerged from the years of pupilage. But it is a different affair when parliaments take upon themselves to prescribe a maximum or minimum of wages, or to enact that adults shall not labour beyond a certain number of hours daily. The rate of wages —the amount of labour which must be gone through within a given time—are matters beyond the control even of the parties engaged, whether employers or em ployed. They are dictated by circumstances entirely independent of masters or men, and continually shifting. The labour which is sufficient this week or year, may be inadequate, or may be more than is wanted, the next. 'flie profits and wages which the returns of a business have enabled master and men to divide between them in 1847 may be more or less than what will remain for partition in 1848. A con tract voluntarily entered into by the parties them selves this month might require to have its terms altered a month hence. How can a legislative body, most of whose members are entirely inexperienced in trade, lay down permanent regulations for what the parties engaged in it cannot themselves foresee from one month s end to another ? Now is the time to press these considerations upon the attention of the factory operatives. The eleven hours act will soon pass into a ten hours act. Now is the time for them to ask themselves what the ope ration of that measure, so far as it has gone, augurs of its future effects. Even under the eleven hours system, numbers who formerly found work in the factories are being thrown out of employment. In some mills the masters are preparing to remove the women from their weaving sheds, with a view to substitute men who can work as long as they please. There are mills now working thirteen and fourteen hours a day in Manchester, and, what is more, the men will leave any other mills and go to these in preference. The way in which it is contrived to keep these mills going so long is this: — the carding and roving departments, in which women and children are employed, are enlarged, so as to enable them, without working beyond legal hours, to keep pace with the spinners; and what are called self-acting mules being adopted in the spinning department, children are there being dispensed with altogether. Thus, everywhere throughout the cotton district, women are either being thrown out of employment, or about to be. Some theorists say : " Well, woman's natural sphere is keeping everything right and tight within doors ; so much the better." But in this country the number of the sexes is nearly equal ; if anything, the women are the more numerous. Every woman can not have a house of her own, or the means of keeping it, unless she has employment from without ; nor do homes find full employment for all the women who have. The greatdifficulty in the present state of society is to find honest remunerative employment for females; and how the condition of our working classes is to be bettered by withdrawing one of the few kinds of employment fit for women from the hundreds of thousands who are not needed to keep houses in order and cannot get engagements as domestic ser vants, surpasses our comprehension. For altering their factory arrangements so as to get rid of the female hands, no one can blame the masters. They are compelled to do it by the 'fen Hours Act hanging over them. They can only keep their factories going by meeting their foreign rivals in the market of the world on at least equal terms. Now the foreign manufacturer can have cotton as cheap as the English ; he can have machinery as good and cheap; power as cheap. And if, standing on a footing of equality in all these respects, the foreign manufacturer can get operatives to work thirteen or fourteen hours a day, while the English manufacturer is prevented by legislative enactments from getting more than ten hours work in the day from hie hands, the latter must, of neces sity, be driven from the market, and compelled to shut up shop. If the Ten Hours Act is allowed to come into ope ration, the workmen must make up their mind to one of three consequences : either now inventions in ma chinery will be devised, by which the masters will be enabled to dispense with a great many of their hands; or the act will be evaded with the connivance of the workmen ; or our factories will be ruined and stopped. Many of the workmen are already aware of this : more are apprehensive of it. The only thing that threatens to retard a movement on the part of the operatives themselves to prevent the ten hours system coming into operation, is the premature movement of the masters' association in Manchester. Instead of leav- ing the workmen to take their own way, as ...on as they thought a few were getting apprehcn- ve, these gentlemen began to besiege the whole nody with advisee to sign petitions against the ten hours clause ready made for them. This roused in the first place the esprit de corps of the workmen ; and hi, one who has had any communications with the people of the manufacturing districts can be ignorant low strong this is in any question of which masters and men have been accustomed to take different views. But worse remains behind : the premature movement of the masters has afforded a handle to the leading agitators of the short-time movement to misrepresent both their motives and their actions. The question, how ever, is again raised, and as sincere friends of the working classes—unbiassed by any share direct or indirect in manufacturing speculations—we have but one duty : to beg of them net to cut their o .vn throats in a foolish spirit of partisanship and of slu.ine to con fess that they have made a mistake. SURRENDER OF ABD-EL-KADER. We have received the Paris Journals of Friday and Saturday. The rather sudden death (announce: in this paper en Saturday) of Madame Adelaide, niter to the King, and so nearly of the same age as 114 Majesty, joined with certain unmistakeable symptoms of the decline of Louis Philippe's health, gave awe to serious apprehensions, felt even in the money mat ket. The deceased princess has divided her estate between her royal nephews, passing, however, over the Due d'Aumale, as sufficiently provided for, he being heir of the Prince of Conde. Madame Adelaide was gene rally considered to have been privately married to General Athalin. _ . . Whatever gloomy forebodings might have been awakened by this event, which flings the ro) al family into mourning, they were counterbalance d by the satisfactory tidings that Abd-elsKader had not only surrendered to the Due d'Aumale, but bud already arrived, a prisoner, at Toulon. After 'he recent engagements with the troops of the Emperor of Morocco, in which the Emir was crashed by an overwhelming superiority of f 'me and numbers, his situation had become most hazardous. No hope of escape from the pursuit of the sons of the Emperor Abderrahman, and the army commanded by them, remained, except to arose the French frontier and surrender to the prince governor of that colony. Abd-el-Kader accordingly adopted this course, and embarked on the 2.5 th at Oran on board the steam-frigate ASMotlil . , in which he arrived at Toulon, on the 29th. In the Chamber of Deputies on Friday, M. Lacrosse, an opposition deputy, was nominated to the place of fourth secretary. M. Sauzet then took his place as president, with the usual forms ; after which he in formed the chamber of the death of the Pribeess Ade laide, and proposed to the members to proceed imme diately after the sitting to the Tuileries to express their condolence to the King. This preposition was acceded to unanimously. The Ilifoniteur publishes the balance-sheet of the Bank of France up to the morning of the 27th ult. The following is a summary of the principal items. The assets consist of 100,642,350 fr. in specie in the vaults of the central establishment, of 28,000,000 fr., forming the capital in the branch banks, of nearly 3,000,000 fr. in public securities, and of 6,348,0001 r. still due for the rentes sold to Russia. This state of affairs proved that the moment was come at which the rate of discount might be reduced, and the bank did not require any great entreaties to grant this measure. The discounts and loans by the central establishment and the branch banks together, during the last quarter of the year amounted to 461,311,700 fr. The notes in circulation in Paris were in amount only 233,182,200 fr. Thus the admitted general proportion between the cash in hand and the issues i- far from being attained. This proportion would allow the bank at this moment to carry its issues for Paris alone up to 327,000,000 fr. Now the ascertained cir culation is below this amount by nearly 100,000,000 fr. The account current with the treasury amounts to 63,000,000 fr. We read in the Patric of Florence, of the 23rd ult.:—" On the 13th the ambassadors of Russia, Austria, and Naples, accompanied by the charge d'affaires of France, M. liourgoing, waited on the Sardinian Minister for Foreign Affairs at Turin, to protest against the publications in prose and verse on the occasion of the fetes at Genoa on the 10th. The Count de Saxe-Marsano replied with noble and dig nified firmness to these diplomatists." The Journal des Debuts of Saturday disavows this protest, so far as relates to the charge d'affaires of France. Intelligence of eke evacuation of the city of Fer rara by the Austrians, and the occupation of the by the pontifical troops, has arrived. Oar lettere from Ilerne are to the 28th ult. The partisans of the federal government are exulting from day to day in the discovery of documents among the archives of the cantons of the defunct league proving the complicity of the French government with the party of the insurrection, and compromising, as they allege, in a serious manner M. Guizot and his col leagues. These inculpatory discussions, and the do cuments connected with them, are too extensive to admit of even a synopsis here, and would offer but little interest, especially when no one now seriously ques tions the fact they are produced to establish. A letter from Bile of the 28th ult. says: The ambassador of France, accompanied by his second secretary, set out to-day for Neufchatel, but it is positively stated that he will return on Monday. Count Reinhard, first secretary of embassy, has gone to tiburg, in the llrisgau, where the Russian secretary of legation is at present. The government of Lucerne decided, on the 24th, that the fol lowing religious bodies shall pay, in the apace of a fortnight, one million of francs :-Ist, the convent of St. tirbain, 500,000 fr. ; 2nd. the pious establishment of Monster, 400,000 fr. ; and 3rd, the other convents, 100,000 fr. The government is to adopt ulterior measures, which are to depend on the greater or less degree of readi ness manifested by the religious bodies just mentioned. According to orders from the Vorort, the troops of occu pation in the canton of Lucerne are to be reduced to four battalions of infantry : • or the present, however, the canton is to be occupied by 13 battalions of infantry and 13 companies of special troop,. Hitherto the army of occupa tion is composed of three divisions (Burckhardt, Donate and Ziegler). The general-in-chief has just d' the two first-named officers, Col. Ziegler being tor the future to command the whole. In the grand council of Friburg a motion has been made to introduce into the new constitution provisions concerning the relations between church and state. The motion has been adopted by forty votes to seven. The grand council has adjourned to the 3rd of January. The newly-elected grand council of the canton of Schwytz is composed, as is reported, of a majority of the party of the late league, yet, what is strange, it has sent as delegates to the Diet two liberals. We have received the journals of Constantinople to the 16th Dec. Their contents are without importance. A speedy adjustment of the difference with Greece was expected by the submission of that power to the demands of the Porte. The cholera had all but die- - - Despatches from Malta announce the arrival 01 Right lion. More O'Ferrall, the governor. Since the above was in type, we have received the despatches which left Paris at noon yesterday. With its characteristic inefficiency and irregularity, the French post-office has inaugurated the new postal convention by a series of failures. The London night mail of Friday, due in Paris at half-past ten a nd was Satin day, did not arrive on Saturday at all, and was not distributed even on Sunday before half-past ten o'clock a.m. The London mid-day mail of Saturday, due in Paris yesterday (Sunday) morning at half-past four o'clock, was not delivered there yesterday at half past ten o'clock, and had not even arrived, so far as our correspondent was informed. Yesterday being the morrow of the Jour dl an universal holiday in France, the publication of most of the journals was suspended. The two or three which appeared contain little intelligence of import- nee. The Journal do Dedxdshaving denied that any de• mend had been made by the government of Switzer land for the recall of M. Bois le Comte, La Passe reiterates the statement. "We persist," says that j o urnal, " in affirming that this demand has been I made, if not in official style, at least in formal and pressing terms; and we will add that this demand has been immediately answered by the formal promise to recall M. Bois le Comte within a month or six weeks at the furthest; that is to say, as soon as the debate on the address is concluded." By the Levant mail, received in Paris late on Saturday, we have the Athens journals to the 20 th. The Chamber of Deputies of Athens had autho rised the government to appoint thirty-lice new se nators for the purpose of creating a majority in that I I Cho.: Jhn the ' 1)E. t u b t 4 usw bad Eng rte( wen trc ti that and Jul but