LiteFold/GO huggingface dataset:
ventral disc dorsal microribbon (GO:0097594)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: Trilaminar structure extending perpendicularly into the cytoplasm along the length of ventral disc microtubules in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). Constituents of dorsal microribbons (also called dorsal ribbons or microribbons) include alpha-coiled-helix proteins approximately 29 to 38 kDa in size. These proteins line the edges of the microribbons but are not found in microtubules. Tubulins are not found in microribbons.
Synonyms: dorsal microribbon; dorsal ribbon; microribbon; ventral disk dorsal microribbon
Comment: Due to the asymmetric nature of the Giardia trophozoite, this term is defined spatially as the trophozoite is viewed from the dorsal side, with the two nuclei dorsal to the ventral disc, and the ventral disc toward the anterior.
ventral disc crossbridge (GO:0097595)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: Structure horizontally linking adjacent microribbons of the ventral disc in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). The composition of crossbridges is not fully known yet.
Synonyms: crossbridge; ventral disk crossbridge
Comment: Due to the asymmetric nature of the Giardia trophozoite, this term is defined spatially as the trophozoite is viewed from the dorsal side, with the two nuclei dorsal to the ventral disc, and the ventral disc toward the anterior.
ventral disc (GO:0097597)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: Specialized organelle found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage) and characterized by a spiral array of microtubules and microtubule-associated structures including dorsal microribbons and crossbridges. The edge of the ventral disc narrows into a lateral crest. The ventral disk mediates mechanical attachment of the trophozoite to the host's intestinal wall, and contains the contractile proteins actinin, alpha-actinin, myosin, and tropomyosin working towards contraction of the disk involved in adherence.
Synonyms: adhesive disc; ventral adhesive disc; ventral disk
Comment: Due to the asymmetric nature of the Giardia trophozoite, this term is defined spatially as the trophozoite is viewed from the dorsal side, with the two nuclei dorsal to the ventral disc, and the ventral disc toward the anterior.
sperm cytoplasmic droplet (GO:0097598)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: A small amount of cytoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane that is generally retained in spermatozoa after spermiogenesis, when the majority of the cytoplasm is phagocytosed by Sertoli cells to produce what are called residual bodies. Initially, the droplet is located at the neck just behind the head of an elongated spermatid. During epididymal transit, the cytoplasmic droplet migrates caudally to the annulus at the end of the midpiece; the exact position and time varies by species. The cytoplasmic droplet consists of lipids, lipoproteins, RNAs, a variety of hydrolytic enzymes, receptors, ion channels, and Golgi-derived vesicles. The droplet may be involved in regulatory volume loss (RVD) at ejaculation, and in most species, though not in humans, the cytoplasmic droplet is lost at ejaculation. Note that the cytoplasmic droplet is distinct from 'excessive residual cytoplasm' that sometimes remains in epididymal spermatozoa, particularly when spermiogenesis has been disrupted.
Synonyms: sperm residual cytoplasm
xylanase activity (GO:0097599)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of xylans, homopolysaccharides composed of xylose residues.
Synonyms: xylosidase activity
exoxylanase activity (GO:0097600)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: A xylanase activity that acts on one of the ends of a xylan polymer which does not contain side chains.
retina blood vessel maintenance (GO:0097601)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: A retina homeostatic process preventing the degeneration of a retina blood vessel.
Synonyms: maintenance of choriocapillaris; maintenance of retina blood vessel; maintenance of retinal blood vessel
cullin family protein binding (GO:0097602)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Binding to a member of the cullin family, hydrophobic proteins that act as scaffolds for ubiquitin ligases (E3).
Synonyms: cullin binding
temperature-gated cation channel activity (GO:0097604)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens in response to a temperature stimulus (e.g. exposure to a temperature range different than the optimal temperature for that organism).
Synonyms: heat-activated cation channel activity; temperature gated cation channel activity; temperature-activated cation channel activity; temperature-dependent cation channel activity
obsolete regulation of nuclear envelope permeability (GO:0097605)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: OBSOLETE. Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the passage or uptake of molecules by the nuclear envelope.
Synonyms: regulation of nuclear membrane permeability
Comment: The reason for obsoletion is that the nuclear envelope is quite permeable, so there is no cellular process to regulate it.
obsolete negative regulation of nuclear envelope permeability (GO:0097607)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: OBSOLETE. Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the passage or uptake of molecules by the nuclear envelope.
Synonyms: negative regulation of nuclear membrane permeability
Comment: The reason for obsoletion is that the nuclear envelope is quite permeable, so there is no cellular process to regulate it.
transverse flagellum (GO:0097608)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: A motile cilium found in dinoflagellates. It coils around the cell and provides the forward thrust for motility. It is often contained in a furrow called the cingulum, and emerges from a flagellar pore located in the cingulum.
Synonyms: transverse cilium
Comment: Note that we deem cilium and microtubule-based flagellum to be equivalent. In this case community usage refers to 'flagellum' rather than 'cilium', hence the primary term name, but the cilium parentage is deliberate.
longitudinal flagellum (GO:0097609)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: A motile cilium found in dinoflagellates. It trails the cell and acts as a steering rudder. It is often partially contained in a furrow called the sulcus, and emerges from a flagellar pore located in the sulcus.
Synonyms: longitudinal cilium
Comment: Note that we deem cilium and microtubule-based flagellum to be equivalent. In this case community usage refers to 'flagellum' rather than 'cilium', hence the primary term name, but the cilium parentage is deliberate.
cell surface furrow (GO:0097610)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: A furrow that may be found on the cell surface. Examples include the cingulum and sulcus found in some dinoflagellates.
Synonyms: cell surface groove; furrow; groove
dinoflagellate sulcus (GO:0097612)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: A cell surface furrow that occurs on the ventral side of a dinoflagellate cell. It partially houses the longitudinal flagellum. The sulcus intersects with the cingulum on the ventral side of a dinoflagellate cell.
Synonyms: longitudinal furrow; longitudinal groove; sulcus
Comment: The term name refers to a taxonomic group to make the label unique with respect to similarly-named anatomical structures. Also, the ventral (front) side of a dinoflagellate cell is the one where the sulcus is located (as opposed to the dorsal (back) side).
dinoflagellate epicone (GO:0097613)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: The part of a dinoflagellate cell above the cingulum; also referred to as the anterior portion of a dinoflagellate cell. It is separated from the hypocone by the cingulum.
Synonyms: epicone; episome; epitheca
Comment: The term name refers to a taxonomic group to make the label unique with respect to similarly-named anatomical structures.
dinoflagellate hypocone (GO:0097614)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: The part of a dinoflagellate cell below the cingulum; also referred to as the posterior portion of a dinoflagellate cell. It is separated from the epicone by the cingulum.
Synonyms: hypocone; hyposome; hypotheca
Comment: The term name refers to a taxonomic group to make the label unique with respect to similarly-named anatomical structures.
obsolete modulation by host of symbiont type IV pilus-dependent motility (GO:0097615)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: OBSOLETE. The process in which an organism effects a change in the type IV pilus-dependent motility of a symbiont organism (i.e. the controlled movement of a bacterial cell which is dependent on the presence of type IV pili, and which includes social gliding motility and twitching motility). The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
Synonyms: modulation by host of bacterial type IV pilus-dependent motility
Comment: This term was obsoleted because there is no evidence that this process exists.
obsolete positive regulation by host of symbiont type IV pilus-dependent motility (GO:0097616)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: OBSOLETE. Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the type IV pilus-dependent motility of a symbiont organism (i.e. the controlled movement of a bacterial cell which is dependent on the presence of type IV pili, and which includes social gliding motility and twitching motility). The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
Synonyms: positive regulation by host of bacterial type IV pilus-dependent motility
Comment: This term was obsoleted because there is no evidence that this process exists.
dinoflagellate sulcal notch (GO:0097618)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: A dinoflagellate sulcus that extends all the way to the posterior end of the cell (also known as antapex). The presence of a sulcal notch makes the dinoflagellate hypocone appear bilobed.
Synonyms: dinoflagellate sulcus notch; sulcal notch
Comment: The term name refers to a taxonomic group to make the label unique with respect to similarly-named anatomical structures. Also, the ventral (front) side of a dinoflagellate cell is the one where the sulcus is located (as opposed to the dorsal (back) side). The term 'sulcal notch' appears mostly in older literature; more recently, indication of a bilobed hypocone is used to express the same.
PTEX complex (GO:0097619)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: A protein complex that acts as a protein trafficking machinery and is responsible for the export of proteins across the parasitophorous (symbiont-containing) vacuolar membrane and into the human host cell. The PTEX complex is located in the vacuole membrane. It is ATP-powered, and comprises heat shock protein 101 (HSP101; a ClpA/B-like ATPase from the AAA+ superfamily, of a type commonly associated with protein translocons), a parasite protein termed PTEX150, and exported protein 2 (EXP2). EXP2 is the potential channel, as it is the membrane-associated component of the core PTEX complex. Two other proteins, PTEX88 and thioredoxin 2 (TRX2), were also identified as PTEX components.
Synonyms: Plasmodium translocon of exported proteins
(R)-mandelate dehydrogenase activity (GO:0097620)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-mandelate + NAD+ = phenylglyoxylate + NADH + H+.
Synonyms: D-mandelate dehydrogenase activity
Comment: In the yeast Rhodotorula graminis, (R)-mandelate dehydrogenase is the first enzyme of the mandelate pathway, and catalyzes the NAD-dependent oxidation of (R)-mandelate to phenylglyoxylate.
monoamine oxidase activity (GO:0097621)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Catalysis of the reaction: RCH2NHR' + H2O + O2 = RCHO + R'NH2 + H2O2.
Synonyms: amine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating) activity
Comment: Acts on primary amines, and also on some secondary and tertiary amines. It differs from EC:1.4.3.21, primary amine oxidase as it can oxidize secondary and tertiary amines but not methylamine.
cytoplasmic translational elongation through polyproline stretches (GO:0097622)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain, proceeding through regions of multiple repeated proline codons, during protein biosynthesis in the cytoplasm.
UDP-galactose transmembrane import into Golgi lumen (GO:0097624)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The directed movement of UDP-galactose into the Golgi lumen across the Golgi membrane.
Synonyms: UDP-galactose import into Golgi lumen
low-affinity basic amino acid transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0097625)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Enables the transfer of basic amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Basic amino acids have a pH above 7. In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations.
Synonyms: low affinity basic amino acid transmembrane transporter activity
low-affinity L-arginine transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0097626)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Enables the transfer of L-arginine from one side of a membrane to the other. In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations.
Synonyms: low affinity L-arginine transmembrane transporter activity
high-affinity L-ornithine transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0097627)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Enables the transfer of L-ornithine from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.
Synonyms: high affinity L-ornithine transmembrane transporter activity
obsolete integral component of omegasome membrane (GO:0097631)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: OBSOLETE. The component of the omegasome membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
Synonyms: integral to omegasome membrane; omegasome integral membrane protein
Comment: This term was obsoleted because it represents protein topology, not a cellular component.
extrinsic component of phagophore assembly site membrane (GO:0097632)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: The component of the phagophore assembly site membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.
Synonyms: extrinsic component of pre-autophagosomal structure membrane; extrinsic to phagophore assembly site membrane; phagophore assembly site peripheral membrane
obsolete intrinsic component of phagophore assembly site membrane (GO:0097633)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: OBSOLETE. The component of the phagophore assembly site membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane.
Synonyms: intrinsic to phagophore assembly site membrane
Comment: This term was obsoleted because it represents protein topology, not a cellular component.
obsolete integral component of phagophore assembly site membrane (GO:0097634)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: OBSOLETE. The component of the phagophore assembly site membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
Synonyms: integral to phagophore assembly site membrane; phagophore assembly site integral membrane protein
Comment: This term was obsoleted because it represents protein topology, not a cellular component.
obsolete extrinsic component of autophagosome membrane (GO:0097635)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: OBSOLETE. The component of the autophagosome membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.
Synonyms: autophagic vacuole peripheral membrane; extrinsic component of autophagic vacuole membrane; extrinsic to autophagic vacuole membrane
Comment: This term was obsoleted because it represents protein topology, not a cellular component.
obsolete integral component of autophagosome membrane (GO:0097637)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: OBSOLETE. The component of the autophagosome membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
Synonyms: autophagic vacuole integral membrane protein; integral component of autophagic vacuole membrane; integral to autophagic vacuole membrane
Comment: This term was obsoleted because it represents protein topology, not a cellular component.
L-arginine import across plasma membrane (GO:0097638)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The directed movement of L-arginine from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.
Synonyms: arginine import; L-arginine import into cell
L-lysine import across plasma membrane (GO:0097639)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The directed movement of L-lysine from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.
Synonyms: L-lysine import into cell
L-ornithine import across plasma membrane (GO:0097640)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The directed movement of L-ornithine from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.
Synonyms: L-ornithine import into cell
alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent xanthine dioxygenase activity (GO:0097641)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Catalysis of the reaction: xanthine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = urate + succinate + CO2.
Synonyms: 2-oxoglutarate-dependent xanthine dioxygenase activity; alpha-ketoglutarate- and Fe(II)-dependent xanthine dioxygenase activity; alpha-ketoglutarate- and Fe(II)-dependent xanthine hydroxylase activity
calcitonin family receptor activity (GO:0097642)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Combining with any member of the calcitonin family (e.g. adrenomedullin, adrenomedullin 2 (intermedin), amylin, calcitonin and calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRPs)) to initiate a change in cell activity.
amylin receptor activity (GO:0097643)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Combining with amylin to initiate a change in cell activity.
calcitonin family binding (GO:0097644)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Binding to a member of the calcitonin family (e.g. adrenomedullin, adrenomedullin 2 (intermedin), amylin, calcitonin and calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRPs)).
amylin binding (GO:0097645)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Binding to amylin.
calcitonin family receptor signaling pathway (GO:0097646)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by an extracellular member of the calcitonin family (e.g. adrenomedullin, adrenomedullin 2 (intermedin), amylin, calcitonin and calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRPs)) binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.
Synonyms: calcitonin family receptor signalling pathway
amylin receptor signaling pathway (GO:0097647)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by amylin binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.
Synonyms: amilyn receptor signalling pathway
A axonemal microtubule (GO:0097649)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: A complete microtubule with 13 protofilaments that fuses with an incomplete microtubule called B tubule (containing 10 protofilaments only) to form an axonemal outer doublet. Inner and outer dynein arms, as well as the radial spoke, are attached to the A tubule.
Synonyms: A tubule
B axonemal microtubule (GO:0097650)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: An incomplete microtubule containing 10 protofilaments that fuses with a complete microtubule called A tubule (containing 13 protofilaments) to form an axonemal outer doublet.
Synonyms: B tubule
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class I (GO:0097651)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex that contains a catalytic and a regulatory subunit of a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) enzyme, plus one or more adaptor proteins. Class I PI3Ks phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol [PI], phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate [PI(4)P] and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], and are divided into subclasses A and B according to the type of adaptor subunit with which they associate. The class I PI3K subfamily of genes comprises members in vertebrates, worm and fly, but none in yeast.
Synonyms: class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex; class I PI3K complex
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class II (GO:0097652)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex that contains a catalytic subunit of a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) enzyme and one or more adaptor proteins. There is no known obligatory regulatory subunit. The class II PI3K (PI3KC2) subfamily of genes has members in vertebrates, worm and fly, but none in yeast.
Synonyms: class II phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex; class II PI3K complex
unencapsulated part of cell (GO:0097653)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: The part of a cell encompassing the intracellular environment and the plasma membrane; it excludes any external encapsulating structures.
Synonyms: non-encapsulated part of cell
platelet SNARE complex (GO:0097654)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: A SNARE complex that is capable of fusing intracellular vesicles to the plasma membrane of platelets for exocytosis of alpha-granules or dense granules. Contains isoforms of VAMP, SNAP and syntaxin proteins. Ternary SNARE complexes interact in a circular array to form ring complexes or channels around the membrane fusion. A common composition in human is VAMP-8, SNAP-23 and syntaxin-2 or -4.
serpin family protein binding (GO:0097655)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Binding to a member of the serpin protein family (serine protease inhibitors or classified inhibitor family I4). Serpins are a broadly distributed family of protease inhibitors that use a conformational change to inhibit target enzymes. They are central in controlling many important proteolytic cascades. The majority of serpins inhibit serine proteases, but serpins that inhibit caspases and papain-like cysteine proteases have also been identified. Rarely, serpins perform a non-inhibitory function; for example, several human serpins function as hormone transporters and certain serpins function as molecular chaperones or tumor suppressors.
cell-cell self recognition (GO:0097656)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: A cell-cell recognition process by which a cell distinguishes between self and non self during cooperative behavior, such as early development.
Synonyms: kin discrimination; kin recognition; self recognition
Comment: Examples are the membrane proteins TgrB1 and TgrC1 in the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum.
3',5'-nucleotide bisphosphate phosphatase activity (GO:0097657)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Catalysis of the reaction: 3',5'-nucleoside bisphosphate + H20 = 5'-nucleoside monophosphate + phosphate.
Asi complex (GO:0097658)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: A nuclear ubiquitin ligase multiprotein complex located in the inner nuclear membrane (INM) that recognizes and ubiquitinates misfolded INM proteins and also some proteins involved in sterol biosynthesis, during ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). In S. cerevisiae, this complex contains the ubiquitin ligases Asi1p and Asi3p.