LiteFold/GO huggingface dataset:
acetylcholine catabolic process in synaptic cleft (GO:0001507)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetylcholine that occurs in the synaptic cleft during synaptic transmission.
Synonyms: acetylcholine breakdown in synaptic cleft; acetylcholine degradation in synaptic cleft
action potential (GO:0001508)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: A process in which membrane potential cycles through a depolarizing spike, triggered in response to depolarization above some threshold, followed by repolarization. This cycle is driven by the flow of ions through various voltage gated channels with different thresholds and ion specificities.
Comment: Action potentials typically propagate across excitable membranes. This class covers both action potentials that propagate and those that fail to do so.
obsolete legumain activity (GO:0001509)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the hydrolysis of proteins and small-molecule substrates at Asn-Xaa bonds.
Synonyms: asparaginyl endopeptidase activity; bean endopeptidase activity; citvac; hemoglobinase activity; legumain activity; phaseolin activity; proteinase B; PRSC1 gene product (Homo sapiens); vicilin peptidohydrolase activity
Comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a gene product.
RNA methylation (GO:0001510)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: Posttranscriptional addition of a methyl group to either a nucleotide or 2'-O ribose in a polyribonucleotide. Usually uses S-adenosylmethionine as a cofactor.
obsolete fibrillin (GO:0001511)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: OBSOLETE. Large glycoprotein that is a calcium binding component of connective tissue microfibrils containing 34 six-cysteine (EGF-like) repeats and five eight-cysteine (TGFbeta-1 binding protein-like) repeats. Defects associated with Marfan syndrome.
Synonyms: fibrillin
Comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a gene product.
dihydronicotinamide riboside quinone reductase activity (GO:0001512)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1,4-dihydronicotinamide + a quinone = 1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide + a hydroquinone.
Synonyms: N-ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone) activity; NQO2; NQO2 activity; NRH:quinone oxidoreductase 2 activity; QR2 activity; quinone reductase 2 activity; ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
selenocysteine incorporation (GO:0001514)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The incorporation of selenocysteine into a peptide; uses a special tRNA that recognizes the UGA codon as selenocysteine, rather than as a termination codon. Selenocysteine is synthesized from serine before its incorporation; it is not a posttranslational modification of peptidyl-cysteine.
opioid peptide activity (GO:0001515)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Naturally occurring peptide that is an opioid (any non-alkaloid having an opiate-like effect that can be reversed by naloxone or other recognized morphine antagonist). These include Leu- and Met-enkephalin, dynorphin and neoendorphin, alpha, beta, gamma and delta endorphins formed from beta-lipotropin, various pronase-resistant peptides such as beta casamorphin, and other peptides whose opiate-like action seems to be indirect.
prostaglandin biosynthetic process (GO:0001516)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prostaglandins, any of a group of biologically active metabolites which contain a cyclopentane ring.
Synonyms: prostaglandin anabolism; prostaglandin biosynthesis; prostaglandin formation; prostaglandin synthesis
N-acetylglucosamine 6-O-sulfotransferase activity (GO:0001517)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate.
Synonyms: N-acetylglucosamine 6-O-sulphotransferase activity
voltage-gated sodium channel complex (GO:0001518)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: A sodium channel in a cell membrane whose opening is governed by the membrane potential.
Synonyms: voltage gated sodium channel complex; voltage-dependent sodium channel complex; voltage-sensitive sodium channel complex
peptide amidation (GO:0001519)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The posttranslational conversion of C-terminal glycine-extended peptides to C-terminal alpha-amidated peptides. Occurs to over half of all peptide hormones to give bioactive peptides. This is a two step process catalyzed by a peptidyl-glycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase and a peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase. In some organisms, this process is catalyzed by two separate enzymes, whereas in higher organisms, one polypeptide catalyzes both reactions.
retinoid metabolic process (GO:0001523)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The chemical reactions and pathways involving retinoids, any member of a class of isoprenoids that contain or are derived from four prenyl groups linked head-to-tail. Retinoids include retinol and retinal and structurally similar natural derivatives or synthetic compounds, but need not have vitamin A activity.
Synonyms: retinoid metabolism
angiogenesis (GO:0001525)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: Blood vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing blood vessels.
Synonyms: blood vessel formation from pre-existing blood vessels
obsolete proteoglycan sulfate transfer (GO:0001526)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: OBSOLETE. Transfer of sulfate to a proteoglycan (a glycoprotein whose carbohydrate units are glycosaminoglycans) using 3'-phosphoadenyl sulfate.
Synonyms: proteoglycan sulfate transfer; proteoglycan sulphate transfer
Comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a group of molecular functions.
microfibril (GO:0001527)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: Extracellular matrix components occurring independently or along with elastin. Thought to have force-bearing functions in tendon. In addition to fibrillins, microfibrils may contain microfibrillar-Associated Proteins (MFAPs): MFAP1, MFAP2 (also known as MAGP-1), MFAP3, MFAP4, and MFAP5 (also known as MAGP-2).
Synonyms: extended fibrils; fibrillin
obsolete elastin (GO:0001528)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: OBSOLETE. A major structural protein of mammalian connective tissues; composed of one third glycine, and also rich in proline, alanine, and valine. Chains are cross-linked together via lysine residues.
Synonyms: elastin
Comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a gene product.
obsolete elastin (GO:0001529)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: OBSOLETE. (Was not defined before being made obsolete).
Synonyms: elastin
Comment: This term was made obsolete because it represents a gene product.
lipopolysaccharide binding (GO:0001530)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Binding to a lipopolysaccharide.
Synonyms: endotoxin binding; LPS binding
interleukin-21 receptor binding (GO:0001531)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Binding to an interleukin-21 receptor.
Synonyms: IL-21; interleukin-21 receptor ligand
interleukin-21 receptor activity (GO:0001532)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Combining with interleukin-21 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
Synonyms: IL-21 receptor activity; IL-21R
cornified envelope (GO:0001533)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: A type of plasma membrane that has been modified through addition of distinct intracellular and extracellular components, including ceramide, found in cornifying epithelial cells (corneocytes).
radial spoke (GO:0001534)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: Protein complex that links the outer microtubule doublet of a 9+2 type ciliary or flagellar axoneme with the sheath that surrounds the central pair of microtubules. Composed of a stalk that attaches to each doublet microtubule and a globular structure (spoke head) that projects toward the central pair of microtubules.
Comment: Radial spokes are involved in some types of beating motions of the cilium. The radial spoke is usually a T-shaped structure comprised of a short base that attaches to the A-microtubule of an axonemal outer microtubule doublet (MTD) of a cilium, an elongated stalk, a neck complex, and an orthogonal head structure that extends perpendicularly towards the inner sheath and the central pair (CP) microtubules. Groups of radial spokes (RSs) repeat along the MTD with regular spacing. In most organisms, each group of radial spokes is comprised of a triplet of spokes: RS1, RS2, and RS3. In some organisms (e.g. Chlamydomonas and Sarcophaga bullata), each group contains a doublet of radial spokes: RS1 and RS2, while RS3 is represented only as a stump (referred to as RS3S) attached to the A-microtubule but lacking the rest of the stalk structure and entirely lacking the head structure. {xref="PMID:9450971", xref="GOC:krc", xref="PMID:34871179", xref="PMID:25694453"}
radial spoke head (GO:0001535)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: Protein complex forming portion of the radial spoke that is orthogonal to the elongated stalk and which projects towards the central pair of microtubules within the ciliary or flagellum axoneme.
Synonyms: radial spokehead
radial spoke stalk (GO:0001536)
Namespace: cellular_component
Definition: Protein complex forming the elongated portion of the radial spoke between the base which binds to the A-tubule of each microtubule outer doublet and the neck which connects to the spoke head within the ciliary or flagellum axoneme.
dermatan 4-sulfotransferase activity (GO:0001537)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Catalysis of the reaction: n 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + dermatan = n adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + dermatan 4'-sulfate + n H+.
Synonyms: N-acetylgalactosamine 4-O-sulfotransferase activity; N-acetylgalactosamine 4-O-sulphotransferase activity
cilium or flagellum-dependent cell motility (GO:0001539)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: Cell motility due to movement of eukaryotic cilia or bacterial-type flagella or archaeal-type flagella.
Synonyms: ciliary or bacterial-type flagellar motility; ciliary/flagellar motility
Comment: Note that we deem eukaryotic cilia and microtubule-based flagella to be equivalent, while the bacterial- and archaeal-type flagella have a different structure. The former are microtubule-based structures that lash back and forth and are present only in eukaryotes, while the latter achieve motility by rotation. Bacterial- and archaeal-type flagella are superficially similar but have a different molecular composition and fine structure. These three structures never co-exist in the same organism. Therefore, GO:0001539 'cilium or flagellum-dependent cell motility' is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term. Direct annotations to GO:0001539 'cilium or flagellum-dependent cell motility' may be amended during annotation QC.
amyloid-beta binding (GO:0001540)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Binding to an amyloid-beta peptide/protein.
Synonyms: beta-amyloid binding
ovarian follicle development (GO:0001541)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ovarian follicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
Synonyms: follicular phase
ovulation from ovarian follicle (GO:0001542)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The process leading to the rupture of the follicle, releasing the centrally located oocyte into the oviduct. An example of this is found in Mus musculus.
ovarian follicle rupture (GO:0001543)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: Disruption of theca cell layer releasing follicular fluid and/or the oocyte.
initiation of primordial ovarian follicle growth (GO:0001544)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: Increase in size of primordial follicles including proliferation and shape changes of granulosa and/or theca cells until oocyte is surrounded by one layer of cuboidal shaped granulosa cells (primary follicle).
primary ovarian follicle growth (GO:0001545)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: Increase in size of primary follicles including oocyte growth and granulosa and/or theca cell proliferation until more than one layer of granulosa cells is present (preantral follicle).
preantral ovarian follicle growth (GO:0001546)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: Increase in size of follicles surrounded by two or more layers of granulosa cells up to the onset of antrum formation.
antral ovarian follicle growth (GO:0001547)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: Increase in size of antral follicles due to cell proliferation and/or growth of the antral cavity.
follicular fluid formation in ovarian follicle antrum (GO:0001548)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The menstrual cycle process that results in the formation of one central cavity separating the oocyte/cumulus complex from mural granulosa and theca cells during the various stages of oogenesis.
Synonyms: ovarian follicle antrum/follicular fluid biosynthesis; ovarian follicle antrum/follicular fluid formation
cumulus cell differentiation (GO:0001549)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The process in which a subpopulation of granulosa cells surrounding the oocyte acquires the specialized features of an ovarian cumulus cell.
Synonyms: ovarian cumulus cell differentiation
ovarian cumulus expansion (GO:0001550)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: Increase in size of the cumulus surrounding the oocyte including change in morphology due to proliferation and dispersion of cumulus cells.
Synonyms: ovarian cumulus growth
ovarian follicle endowment (GO:0001551)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: Association of oocytes with supporting epithelial granulosa cells to form primordial follicles.
ovarian follicle atresia (GO:0001552)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: A periodic process in which immature ovarian follicles degenerate and are subsequently re-absorbed.
luteinization (GO:0001553)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The set of processes resulting in differentiation of theca and granulosa cells into luteal cells and in the formation of a corpus luteum after ovulation.
Synonyms: luteal phase
luteolysis (GO:0001554)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The lysis or structural demise of the corpus luteum. During normal luteolysis, two closely related events occur. First, there is loss of the capacity to synthesize and secrete progesterone (functional luteolysis) followed by loss of the cells that comprise the corpus luteum (structural luteolysis). Preventing luteolysis is crucial to maintain pregnancy.
oocyte growth (GO:0001555)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The developmental growth process in which an oocyte irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present.
oocyte maturation (GO:0001556)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an oocyte to attain its fully functional state. Oocyte maturation commences after reinitiation of meiosis commonly starting with germinal vesicle breakdown, and continues up to the second meiotic arrest prior to fertilization.
obsolete metabolic process resulting in cell growth (GO:0001557)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: OBSOLETE. The chemical reactions that occur in living organisms that result in an increase in the mass (size) of a cell.
Synonyms: metabolic process resulting in cell growth
Comment: This term was made obsolete as part of the metabolism rearrangements, because it is redundant with other terms.
obsolete regulation of cell growth by detection of nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio (GO:0001559)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: OBSOLETE. Any process in which the size of the nucleus with respect to the cytoplasm modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell growth, the irreversible increase in size of a cell over time.
Synonyms: detection of nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio to regulate cell growth; interpretation of nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio to regulate cell growth; regulation of cell growth by nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio; regulation of cell growth by sensing of nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio
Comment: This term was obsoleted because there is no evidence that this process exists.
regulation of cell growth by extracellular stimulus (GO:0001560)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: Any process in which external signals modulate the frequency, rate or extent of cell growth, the irreversible increase in size of a cell over time.
Synonyms: interpretation of external signals that regulate cell growth; regulation of cell growth by detection of exogenous stimulus; regulation of cell growth by sensing of exogenous stimulus; regulation of growth by exogenous signal; regulation of growth by exogenous stimuli; regulation of growth by exogenous stimulus; regulation of growth by external signal; regulation of growth by external stimuli; regulation of growth by external stimulus
fatty acid alpha-oxidation (GO:0001561)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: A metabolic pathway by which 3-methyl branched fatty acids are degraded. These compounds are not degraded by the normal peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway, because the 3-methyl blocks the dehydrogenation of the hydroxyl group by hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. The 3-methyl branched fatty acid is converted in several steps to pristenic acid, which can then feed into the beta-oxidative pathway.
response to protozoan (GO:0001562)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a protozoan.
Synonyms: resistance to pathogenic protozoa; response to protozoa; response to protozoon
detection of protozoan (GO:0001563)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The series of events in which a stimulus from a protozoan is received and converted into a molecular signal.
Synonyms: detection of protozoa; detection of protozoon; perception of protozoa
obsolete resistance to pathogenic protozoa (GO:0001564)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: OBSOLETE. (Was not defined before being made obsolete).
Synonyms: resistance to pathogenic protozoa
Comment: This term was made obsolete because 'resistance' implies a phenotype rather than a biological process.
phorbol ester receptor activity (GO:0001565)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Combining with a phorbol ester and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity.
non-kinase phorbol ester receptor activity (GO:0001566)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Combining with a phorbol ester and transmitting the signal by a mechanism independent of kinase activity.
cholesterol 25-hydroxylase activity (GO:0001567)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Catalysis of the reaction: AH2 + cholesterol + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O.
Synonyms: cholesterol 25-monooxygenase activity; cholesterol,hydrogen-donor:oxygen oxidoreductase (25-hydroxylating) activity
blood vessel development (GO:0001568)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood.
branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis (GO:0001569)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The process of coordinated growth and sprouting of blood vessels giving rise to the organized vascular system.
Synonyms: patterning of blood vessels
vasculogenesis (GO:0001570)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells during blood vessel development, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes.
Synonyms: vascular morphogenesis
non-tyrosine kinase fibroblast growth factor receptor activity (GO:0001571)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: Combining with fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other by a mechanism independent of tyrosine kinase activity.
Synonyms: non-tyrosine kinase FGF receptor activity; non-tyrosine kinase FGFR activity
lactosylceramide biosynthetic process (GO:0001572)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactosylceramides that begins with the synthesis of a disaccharide core 4-Gal-beta-1,4-Glc-ceramide. This core can be further elongated with the sequential addition of various carbohydrate units and is also the precursor for the synthesis of gangliosides, globosides and isoglobosides.
Synonyms: lacto-series glycosphingolipid biosynthesis; lactosylceramide anabolism; lactosylceramide biosynthesis; lactosylceramide formation; lactosylceramide synthesis
ganglioside metabolic process (GO:0001573)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ceramide oligosaccharides carrying in addition to other sugar residues, one or more sialic acid residues.
Synonyms: ganglioside metabolism
globoside metabolic process (GO:0001575)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The chemical reactions and pathways involving globosides, globotetraosylceramides, ceramides containing a core structure of GalNAc-beta-(1->3)-Gal-alpha-(1->4)-Glc(I). Globosides are the major neutral glycosphingolipid in normal kidneys and erythrocytes.
Synonyms: globoside metabolism
globoside biosynthetic process (GO:0001576)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gobliosides that begins with the synthesis of a tetrasaccharide core GalNAc-beta-1,3-Gal-alpha-1,4-Gal-beta-1,4-Glc-ceramide. This core can be further elongated with the sequential addition of various carbohydrate units.
Synonyms: globo-series glycosphingolipid biosynthesis; globoside anabolism; globoside biosynthesis; globoside formation; globoside synthesis
obsolete galectin (GO:0001577)
Namespace: molecular_function
Definition: OBSOLETE. A lectin that exhibits calcium independent binding of beta-galactoside sugars.
Synonyms: galectin; S-type lectin
Comment: This term was made obsolete because it refers to a class of gene products.
microtubule bundle formation (GO:0001578)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: A process that results in a parallel arrangement of microtubules.
Synonyms: microtubule bundling
medium-chain fatty acid transport (GO:0001579)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The directed movement of a medium-chain fatty acid into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A medium-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing 6 to 12 carbons.
Comment: While there is not universal consensus on the lengths of short-, medium-, long- and very-long-chain fatty acids, the GO uses the definitions in ChEBI (see CHEBI:26666, CHEBI:59554, CHEBI:15904 and CHEBI:27283).
detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste (GO:0001580)
Namespace: biological_process
Definition: The series of events required for a bitter taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal.
Synonyms: bitter taste detection; perception of bitter taste, detection of chemical stimulus; perception of bitter taste, sensory transduction of chemical stimulus; sensory detection of bitter taste; sensory detection of chemical stimulus during perception of bitter taste; sensory transduction of bitter taste; sensory transduction of chemical stimulus during perception of bitter taste