Mwana wa Mungu

"Mwana wa Mungu" ni jina linalotumiwa katika dini mbalimbali ili kusisitiza uhusiano wa mtu fulani na Mungu au mmojawapo wa miungu. Kwa maana hiyo lilitumika hasa kwa ajili ya watawala.

Pengine linamaanisha viumbe vingine, kama vile malaika.

Katika Biblia
Katika Biblia ya Kikristo jina hilo linamhusu kwa namna ya pekee sana Yesu, na katika madhehebu karibu yote ya Ukristo linafafanuliwa kumaanisha asili yake ya milele katika Mungu pekee kabla ya kujifanya binadamu kwa uwezo wa Roho Mtakatifu kwa njia ya Bikira Maria. 

Kadiri ya Injili, Yesu Kristo mwenyewe alisisitiza mara nyingi uhusiano wake wa pekee na Baba wa mbinguni kutokana na asili yake toka juu, tofauti na ile ya watu wengine wote. 

Kila mmoja kwa namna yake, Mtume Paulo, Wainjili na waandishi wengine wa Agano Jipya walitumia sana jina hilo, hata kuliweka pembeni kidogo jina lingine lililotumiwa sana na Yesu mwenyewe, yaani Mwana wa Adamu.

Katika historia ya Kanisa
Jina hilo lilizidi kutafsiriwa kwa namna tofauti kadiri teolojia ilivyostawi, hasa baada ya kaisari Konstantino Mkuu kuruhusu Ukristo katika Dola la Roma (313).

Kutokana na fujo zilizojitoleza hata kuhatarisha amani ya dola, mwenyewe, akishirikiana na Papa Silvesta I, aliitisha mtaguso mkuu wa kwanza uliofanyika mwaka 325 huko Nisea. 

Mtaguso huo ulitunga kanuni ya imani iliyokiri kwamba Yesu ni Mwana wa Mungu kwa maana ana hali moja na Mungu Baba, hakuumbwa bali alizaliwa naye tangu milele yote. 

Wakristo wanapomkiri Yesu kuwa Mwana pekee wa Mungu maana yake ni kwamba, kabla hajazaliwa kama mtu duniani ni Mungu, sawa na Baba anayemzaa yeye tu tangu milele. “Hapo mwanzo kulikuwako Neno, naye Neno alikuwako kwa Mungu, naye Neno alikuwa Mungu… Naye Neno alifanyika mwili, akakaa kwetu… Amwaminiye yeye hahukumiwi, asiyemwamini amekwisha kuhukumiwa; kwa sababu hakuliamini jina la Mwana pekee wa Mungu” (Yoh 1:1,14; 3:18).

Msimamo wa Uislamu
Uislamu unamheshimu Yesu kama nabii mmojawapo, lakini unakanusha kabisa jina hilo na maana yake yoyote ili kusisitiza upekee wa Mungu.

Tanbihi

Marejeo 
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 Norris, Richard A. Jr. The Christological Controversy. Philadelphia: Fortress Press. 1980.
 O'Collins, Gerald. Christology: A Biblical, Historical, and Systematic Study of Jesus. Oxford:Oxford University Press. 2009.
 Pelikan, Jaroslav. Development of Christian Doctrine: Some Historical Prolegomena. London: Yale University Press. 1969.
 ___ The Emergence of the Catholic Tradition (100-600). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1971.
 Schweitzer, Albert. Quest of the Historical Jesus: A Critical Study of the Progress from Reimarus to Wrede. trans. by W. Montgomery. London: A & C Black. 1931.
 Tyson, John R. Invitation to Christian Spirituality: An Ecumenical Anthology. New York: Oxford University Press. 1999.
 Wilson, R. Mcl. Gnosis and the New Testament. Philadelphia: Fortress Press. 1968.
 Witherington, Ben III. The Jesus Quest: The Third Search for the Jew of Nazareth. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press. 1995.
 ___ “The Gospel of John.” in The Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels. ed. by Joel Greene, Scot McKnight and I. Howard

Teolojia
Utatu Mtakatifu
Mungu
Ukristo
Yesu Kristo