Kinanda cha filimbi

Kinanda cha filimbi (ing. pipe organ) ni ala ya muziki inayotoa sauti kwa njia ya kupuliza hewa kupitia filimbi zinazochaguliwa kwa njia ya kupiga vibao vya kinanda kwa vidole vya mkono au -kwenye kinanda cha filimbi kikubwa zaida- pia kwa miguu.

Filimbi hupangwa kwa safu zenye sauti za kufanana. Kwa kawaida kinanda cha filimbi huwa na safu kadhaa za filimbi kama ni kikubwa hata makumi.  Kila filimbi kwenye safu yake ina kiimbo chake. Mpiga kinanda anaweza kuunganisha safu mbalimbali na kwa kupiga kibao kinacholingana na kiimbo fulani kiimbo hiki kinatolewa kwenye sauti mbalimbali kwa wakati mojs.

Asili ya mwendo wa hewa ilikuwa viriba vilivyokanagwa na msaidizi, siku hizi kuna injini ya umeme inayosukuma hewa katika kinanda. Kwa kupiga kibao valvu inafunguliwa inayopeleka hewa kwa filimbi za safu zilizochaguliwa na mwanamuziki.

Kinanda sahili huwa na seti moja ya vibao, mara nyingi pamoja na seti ya ziadi kwa matumizi ya miguu. Vinanda vikubwa zaidi huwa na seti hadi nne za mikono na viwili vya miguu pamoja na safu nyingi za filimbi.

Taarifa za kwanza kuhusu matumizi ya vinanda zilihifadhifa kati ya Wagiriki wa Kale na baadaye na Waroma. Tangu karne ya 8 BK kunataarifa ya kwanza kuhusu vinanda katika makanisa. Ala hii iliendelea kuboreshwa polepole katika mwendo wa karne nyingi hasa katika Ulaya ya Magharibi na Kati. Tangu karne ya 18 ala hizo zilikomaa na muziki iliyoandikwa wakati ule inatumiwa hadi leo.

Marejeo

The Pipe Organ, a basic overview of the organ
 The Organ, quarterly UK publication about  pipe organs
ellykooiman.com, pipe organ website with information and detailed photos of various organs

Flue Pipe Acoustics, a scholarly description of flue pipe physics
Organ transcriptions and the Late Romantic Period
Organs and Organists , a repository of information on significant organs and organ builders
Orgelgalerie, a gallery of over 2000 pipe organ pictures from many different countries
Encyclopedia of Organ Stops, a comprehensive database of over 2500 stops with descriptions, pictures, and sound clips
An introductory site to the organ  particularly this Glossary  of Organ Terms

Mkusanyo wa data
International Organ Foundation , an online pipe organ database with specifications of more than 10,000 organs in 95 countries
Organ Historical Society Pipe Organ Database
The Top 20 - The World's Largest Pipe Organs 
National Pipe Organ Register, featuring history and specifications of 28,000 pipe organs in the United Kingdom
Die Orgelseite, photos and specifications of some of the world's most interesting organs (subscription required for some content)
Organ Database, stoplists, pictures and information about some 33,500 pipe organs around the world
The New York City Organ Project  documents organs present and past in the five boroughs of New York City
Musiconis Database, an online database of medieval musical iconography (featuring images of medieval organs)

Video za vinanda vya filimbi
 "TourBus to the King of Instruments" – video series with Carol Williams (organist) about the large & small, famous & unique pipe organs of the world. American Video & Audio Production Company
 "The Joy of Music" – television series with Diane Bish about large pipe organs in USA and in Europe.

ala za muziki