On the nature of the triplet electronic states of naphthalene dimers.
Martinez-Fernandez, L; Wu, Peicong; Bao, Lin-Tao; Wang, Xueli; Zhang, Rui-Hua; Wang, Wei; Yang, Hai-Bo; Chen, Jinquan; Improta, R.; Chemical science 16 (2025) 4469–4479; doi:10.1039/d4sc07982e

data_1573803
_publ_section_title
;
 On the nature of the triplet electronic states of naphthalene dimers.
;
_journal_issue                   10
_journal_name_full               'Chemical science'
_journal_page_first              4469
_journal_page_last               4479
_journal_paper_doi               10.1039/d4sc07982e
_journal_volume                  16
_journal_year                    2025
_chemical_absolute_configuration unk
_chemical_formula_moiety         'C24 H20'
_chemical_formula_sum            'C24 H20'
_chemical_formula_weight         308.40
_space_group_crystal_system      monoclinic
_space_group_IT_number           4
_space_group_name_Hall           'P 2yb'
_space_group_name_H-M_alt        'P 1 21 1'
_atom_sites_solution_hydrogens   geom
_atom_sites_solution_primary     dual
_audit_creation_date             2022-02-23
_audit_creation_method
;
Olex2 1.2
(compiled 2018.05.29 svn.r3508 for OlexSys, GUI svn.r5506)
;
_audit_update_record
;
2024-11-25 deposited with the CCDC.	2025-01-28 downloaded from the CCDC.
;
_cell_angle_alpha                90
_cell_angle_beta                 96.815(3)
_cell_angle_gamma                90
_cell_formula_units_Z            2
_cell_length_a                   8.4807(3)
_cell_length_b                   8.4592(3)
_cell_length_c                   11.4471(4)
_cell_measurement_reflns_used    11569
_cell_measurement_temperature    173.00(10)
_cell_measurement_theta_max      74.3350
_cell_measurement_theta_min      3.8580
_cell_volume                     815.41(5)
_computing_cell_refinement       'CrysAlisPro 1.171.39.32a (Rigaku OD, 2017)'
_computing_data_collection       'CrysAlisPro 1.171.39.32a (Rigaku OD, 2017)'
_computing_data_reduction        'CrysAlisPro 1.171.39.32a (Rigaku OD, 2017)'
_computing_molecular_graphics    'Olex2 (Dolomanov et al., 2009)'
_computing_publication_material  'Olex2 (Dolomanov et al., 2009)'
_computing_structure_refinement  'ShelXL (Sheldrick, 2015)'
_computing_structure_solution    'ShelXT (Sheldrick, 2015)'
_diffrn_ambient_environment      N~2~
_diffrn_ambient_temperature      173.00(10)
_diffrn_detector                 'CCD plate'
_diffrn_measured_fraction_theta_full 0.961
_diffrn_measured_fraction_theta_max 0.961
_diffrn_measurement_details
;
List of Runs (angles in degrees, time in seconds):

  # Type    Start    End  Width  t~exp~   \w     \q     \k     \f   Frames
  1  \w    -23.00  20.00   1.00    1.00    --    0.00  19.00 -60.00   43
  2  \w    -43.00  -1.00   1.00    1.00    --    0.00 -82.00 150.00   42
  3  \w    -23.00  24.00   1.00    1.00    --    0.00  57.00 150.00   47
  4  \w    -23.00  18.00   1.00    1.00    --    0.00 -37.00   0.00   41
  5  \w    -84.00 -49.00   1.00    1.00    --    0.00 -57.00-120.00   35
  6  \w    -47.00  21.00   1.00    1.00    --    0.00 -57.00-120.00   68
  7  \w    -69.00  16.00   1.00    1.00    --    0.00 -37.00 -60.00   85
  8  \w     53.00  78.00   1.00    1.00    --    0.00  57.00 150.00   25
  9  \w    -58.00 -32.00   1.00    1.00    --    0.00 -37.00   0.00   26
 10  \w    -89.00 -63.00   1.00    1.00    --    0.00 -37.00   0.00   26
 11  \w    -87.00  21.00   1.00    1.00    --    0.00 -57.00  90.00  108
 12  \w     10.00  41.00   1.00    1.00    --    0.00  37.00   0.00   31
 13  \w     65.00  91.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  82.00 -90.00   26
 14  \w     74.00 107.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  59.00   9.87   33
 15  \w     63.00  88.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  82.00-120.00   25
 16  \w    155.00 181.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  77.00 -30.00   26
 17  \w     69.00 182.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  67.00 -27.34  113
 18  \w     64.00  90.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  82.00 144.32   26
 19  \w     63.00  90.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  82.00 120.00   27
 20  \w     65.00  91.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  77.00 -30.00   26
 21  \w      6.00 128.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80 -82.00-180.00  122
 22  \w    127.00 153.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  82.00 120.00   26
 23  \w     65.00  90.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  77.00 -60.00   25
 24  \w     63.00  95.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  82.00-180.00   32
 25  \w     71.00 102.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  61.00  90.00   31
 26  \w    120.00 146.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  61.00  90.00   26
 27  \w    115.00 184.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  77.00-150.00   69
 28  \w    113.00 185.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  82.00 156.52   72
 29  \w     33.00  64.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80 -82.00 -90.00   31
 30  \w     12.00 111.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80 -82.00  60.00   99
 31  \w     70.00  98.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  66.00  62.47   28
 32  \w     65.00  91.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  77.00-150.00   26
 33  \w     78.00 111.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  45.00-180.00   33
 34  \w     71.00 138.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  61.00-120.00   67
 35  \w    131.00 183.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  82.00  90.00   52
 36  \w     64.00  90.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  82.00 156.52   26
 37  \w    151.00 177.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  45.00-180.00   26
 38  \w     65.00  91.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  77.00  60.00   26
 39  \w     75.00 102.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  45.00 150.00   27
 40  \w      6.00 113.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80 -77.00 -60.00  107
 41  \w     75.00 157.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  45.00 -60.00   82
 42  \w     65.00  90.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  77.00-120.00   25
 43  \w     65.00  90.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  77.00 120.00   25
 44  \w     63.00  89.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  82.00 -30.00   26
 45  \w     63.00  88.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  82.00  90.00   25
 46  \w     76.00 114.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  45.00-150.00   38
 47  \w     75.00 104.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  45.00-120.00   29
 48  \w     75.00 112.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  45.00 -30.00   37
 49  \w    136.00 162.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  45.00 -30.00   26
 50  \w     65.00  91.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  77.00 -90.00   26
 51  \w     55.00 126.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80 -77.00  90.00   71
 52  \w     76.00 124.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  30.00-180.00   48
 53  \w     79.00 161.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  45.00  60.00   82
 54  \w     78.00 113.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  45.00 120.00   35
 55  \w     63.00  89.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  82.00   0.00   26
 56  \w    126.00 185.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  45.00 -90.00   59
 57  \w    160.00 185.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  82.00 -90.00   25
 58  \w    160.00 185.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  59.00   9.87   25
 59  \w    134.00 180.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  82.00 144.32   46
 60  \w     74.00 183.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  49.00  33.37  109
 61  \w     82.00 107.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80 -82.00 -90.00   25
 62  \w     71.00  97.00   1.00    1.00    --   95.80  59.00  53.40   26
;
_diffrn_measurement_device       'four-circle diffractometer'
_diffrn_measurement_device_type  'XtaLAB AFC12 (RINC): Kappa dual home/near'
_diffrn_measurement_method       '\w scans'
_diffrn_orient_matrix_type
'CrysAlisPro convention (1999,Acta A55,543-557)'
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_11      0.0598117000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_12      -0.0134059000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_13      0.1320670000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_21      -0.1712976000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_22      0.0193705000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_23      0.0298046000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_31      -0.0228115000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_32      -0.1806587000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_33      -0.0065295000
_diffrn_radiation_monochromator  graphite
_diffrn_radiation_probe          x-ray
_diffrn_radiation_type           CuK\a
_diffrn_radiation_wavelength     1.54184
_diffrn_reflns_av_R_equivalents  0.0444
_diffrn_reflns_av_unetI/netI     0.0250
_diffrn_reflns_Laue_measured_fraction_full 0.961
_diffrn_reflns_Laue_measured_fraction_max 0.961
_diffrn_reflns_limit_h_max       10
_diffrn_reflns_limit_h_min       -10
_diffrn_reflns_limit_k_max       9
_diffrn_reflns_limit_k_min       -10
_diffrn_reflns_limit_l_max       13
_diffrn_reflns_limit_l_min       -13
_diffrn_reflns_number            15203
_diffrn_reflns_point_group_measured_fraction_full 0.915
_diffrn_reflns_point_group_measured_fraction_max 0.915
_diffrn_reflns_theta_full        67.066
_diffrn_reflns_theta_max         67.065
_diffrn_reflns_theta_min         3.889
_diffrn_source                   'fine-focus sealed X-ray tube'
_diffrn_source_type              'Enhance (Cu) X-ray Source'
_exptl_absorpt_coefficient_mu    0.532
_exptl_absorpt_correction_T_max  1.00000
_exptl_absorpt_correction_T_min  0.59430
_exptl_absorpt_correction_type   multi-scan
_exptl_absorpt_process_details
;
CrysAlisPro 1.171.39.32a (Rigaku Oxford Diffraction, 2017)
Empirical absorption correction using spherical harmonics,
 implemented in SCALE3 ABSPACK scaling algorithm.
;
_exptl_crystal_colour            'clear light colourless'
_exptl_crystal_colour_lustre     clear
_exptl_crystal_colour_modifier   light
_exptl_crystal_colour_primary    colourless
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn    1.256
_exptl_crystal_description       block
_exptl_crystal_F_000             328
_exptl_crystal_size_max          0.32
_exptl_crystal_size_mid          0.28
_exptl_crystal_size_min          0.22
_refine_diff_density_max         0.601
_refine_diff_density_min         -0.369
_refine_diff_density_rms         0.108
_refine_ls_abs_structure_details
;
 Flack x determined using 1096 quotients [(I+)-(I-)]/[(I+)+(I-)]
 (Parsons, Flack and Wagner, Acta Cryst. B69 (2013) 249-259).
;
_refine_ls_abs_structure_Flack   0.0(10)
_refine_ls_extinction_coef       0.016(5)
_refine_ls_extinction_expression Fc^*^=kFc[1+0.001xFc^2^\l^3^/sin(2\q)]^-1/4^
_refine_ls_extinction_method     'SHELXL-2017/1 (Sheldrick 2017)'
_refine_ls_goodness_of_fit_ref   1.123
_refine_ls_hydrogen_treatment    constr
_refine_ls_matrix_type           full
_refine_ls_number_parameters     218
_refine_ls_number_reflns         2662
_refine_ls_number_restraints     1
_refine_ls_restrained_S_all      1.123
_refine_ls_R_factor_all          0.1073
_refine_ls_R_factor_gt           0.1071
_refine_ls_shift/su_max          0.000
_refine_ls_shift/su_mean         0.000
_refine_ls_structure_factor_coef Fsqd
_refine_ls_weighting_details
'w=1/[\s^2^(Fo^2^)+(0.1651P)^2^+2.1786P] where P=(Fo^2^+2Fc^2^)/3'
_refine_ls_weighting_scheme      calc
_refine_ls_wR_factor_gt          0.2984
_refine_ls_wR_factor_ref         0.2985
_reflns_Friedel_coverage         0.775
_reflns_Friedel_fraction_full    0.863
_reflns_Friedel_fraction_max     0.863
_reflns_number_gt                2629
_reflns_number_total             2662
_reflns_threshold_expression     'I > 2\s(I)'
_cod_data_source_file            d4sc07982e2.cif
_cod_data_source_block           exp_2580
_cod_depositor_comments
'Adding full bibliography for 1573801--1573804.cif.'
_cod_database_code               1573803
_shelx_shelxl_version_number     2017/1
_shelx_estimated_absorpt_t_max   0.892
_shelx_estimated_absorpt_t_min   0.848
_reflns_odcompleteness_completeness 99.74
_reflns_odcompleteness_iscentric 1
_reflns_odcompleteness_theta     66.97
_olex2_refinement_description
;
1. Fixed Uiso
 At 1.2 times of:
  All C(H) groups, All C(H,H) groups
2.a Secondary CH2 refined with riding coordinates:
 C11(H11A,H11B), C12(H12A,H12B), C23(H23A,H23B), C24(H24A,H24B)
2.b Aromatic/amide H refined with riding coordinates:
 C2(H2), C3(H3), C5(H5), C7(H7), C8(H8), C10(H10), C14(H14), C15(H15),
 C17(H17), C19(H19), C20(H20), C22(H22)
;
_shelx_res_checksum              8098
_olex2_submission_special_instructions 'No special instructions were received'
_oxdiff_exptl_absorpt_empirical_details
;
Empirical correction (ABSPACK) includes:
- Absorption correction using spherical harmonics
- Frame scaling
;
_oxdiff_exptl_absorpt_empirical_full_max 1.465
_oxdiff_exptl_absorpt_empirical_full_min 0.617