A new generation of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) gold-selenolato complexes as potent anticancer agents: distinct synthetic routes and evaluation in 2D and 3D cancer models.
Arnaut, Pierre; Pozsoni, Nestor Bracho; Bondar, Denys; Lippmann, Petra; Boschuk, Susanne; Semenyuta, Ivan; Bhandary, Subhrajyoti; Van Hecke, Kristof; Karpichev, Yevgen; Cavarzerani, Enrico; Canzonieri, Vincenzo; Rizzolio, Flavio; Scattolin, Thomas; Vougioukalakis, Georgios C.; Ott, Ingo; Tzouras, Nikolaos V.; Nolan, Steven P.; Chemical science 16 (2025) 17221–17231; doi:10.1039/d5sc04490a

data_1575507
_publ_section_title
;
 A new generation of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) gold-selenolato
 complexes as potent anticancer agents: distinct synthetic routes and
 evaluation in 2D and 3D cancer models.
;
_journal_issue                   37
_journal_name_full               'Chemical science'
_journal_page_first              17221
_journal_page_last               17231
_journal_paper_doi               10.1039/d5sc04490a
_journal_volume                  16
_journal_year                    2025
_chemical_formula_moiety         'C43 H45 Au N2 Se'
_chemical_formula_sum            'C43 H45 Au N2 Se'
_chemical_formula_weight         865.73
_space_group_crystal_system      monoclinic
_space_group_IT_number           14
_space_group_name_Hall           '-P 2yn'
_space_group_name_H-M_alt        'P 1 21/n 1'
_atom_sites_solution_hydrogens   geom
_atom_sites_solution_primary     dual
_audit_creation_date             2023-10-25
_audit_creation_method
;
Olex2 1.5
(compiled 2023.08.24 svn.re1ec1418 for OlexSys, GUI svn.r6817)
;
_audit_update_record
;
2024-08-27 deposited with the CCDC.	2025-08-04 downloaded from the CCDC.
;
_cell_angle_alpha                90
_cell_angle_beta                 97.971(2)
_cell_angle_gamma                90
_cell_formula_units_Z            4
_cell_length_a                   8.7144(2)
_cell_length_b                   20.8566(4)
_cell_length_c                   20.6486(4)
_cell_measurement_reflns_used    11549
_cell_measurement_temperature    100(2)
_cell_measurement_theta_max      73.5560
_cell_measurement_theta_min      2.9760
_cell_volume                     3716.68(13)
_computing_cell_refinement       'CrysAlisPro 1.171.43.92a (Rigaku OD, 2023)'
_computing_data_collection       'CrysAlisPro 1.171.43.92a (Rigaku OD, 2023)'
_computing_data_reduction        'CrysAlisPro 1.171.43.92a (Rigaku OD, 2023)'
_computing_molecular_graphics    'Olex2 1.5 (Dolomanov et al., 2009)'
_computing_publication_material  'Olex2 1.5 (Dolomanov et al., 2009)'
_computing_structure_refinement  'SHELXL 2018/3 (Sheldrick, 2015)'
_computing_structure_solution    'SHELXT 2018/2 (Sheldrick, 2018)'
_diffrn_ambient_temperature      100(2)
_diffrn_detector                 'CCD plate'
_diffrn_detector_area_resol_mean 10.4839
_diffrn_detector_type            Atlas
_diffrn_measured_fraction_theta_full 0.999
_diffrn_measured_fraction_theta_max 0.980
_diffrn_measurement_details
;
List of Runs (angles in degrees, time in seconds):

  # Type    Start    End  Width  t~exp~   \w     \q     \k     \f   Frames
  1  \w    -69.00  32.00   1.00    1.00    --  -41.16  57.00  30.00  101
  2  \w   -116.00 -17.00   1.00    1.00    --  -41.16 -37.00-120.00   99
  3  \w     27.00  95.00   1.00    1.00    --   41.16-125.00-180.00   68
  4  \w     35.00 112.00   1.00    1.00    --  106.28-125.00 -60.00   77
  5  \w     35.00 112.00   1.00    1.00    --  106.28-125.00 120.00   77
  6  \w    103.00 178.00   1.00    1.00    --  106.28  77.00 -90.00   75
  7  \w     35.00 112.00   1.00    1.00    --  106.28-125.00 -30.00   77
  8  \w     35.00 112.00   1.00    1.00    --  106.28-125.00 -30.00   77
  9  \w     78.00 178.00   1.00    1.00    --  106.28  30.00-180.00  100
 10  \w     80.00 178.00   1.00    1.00    --  106.28  45.00  30.00   98
 11  \w     34.00 128.00   1.00    1.00    --  106.28 -61.00  60.00   94
;
_diffrn_measurement_device       'four-circle diffractometer'
_diffrn_measurement_device_type  'SuperNova, Dual, Cu at home/near, Atlas'
_diffrn_measurement_method       '\w scans'
_diffrn_orient_matrix_type
'CrysAlisPro convention (1999,Acta A55,543-557)'
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_11      0.0409909000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_12      -0.0584455000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_13      0.0446623000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_21      0.0602867000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_22      0.0450526000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_23      0.0570405000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_31      -0.1630063000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_32      0.0019358000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_33      0.0207873000
_diffrn_radiation_monochromator  mirror
_diffrn_radiation_probe          x-ray
_diffrn_radiation_type           'Cu K\a'
_diffrn_radiation_wavelength     1.54184
_diffrn_reflns_av_R_equivalents  0.0368
_diffrn_reflns_av_unetI/netI     0.0378
_diffrn_reflns_Laue_measured_fraction_full 0.999
_diffrn_reflns_Laue_measured_fraction_max 0.980
_diffrn_reflns_limit_h_max       6
_diffrn_reflns_limit_h_min       -10
_diffrn_reflns_limit_k_max       25
_diffrn_reflns_limit_k_min       -25
_diffrn_reflns_limit_l_max       25
_diffrn_reflns_limit_l_min       -24
_diffrn_reflns_number            21671
_diffrn_reflns_point_group_measured_fraction_full 0.999
_diffrn_reflns_point_group_measured_fraction_max 0.980
_diffrn_reflns_theta_full        67.684
_diffrn_reflns_theta_max         73.738
_diffrn_reflns_theta_min         3.026
_diffrn_source                   'micro-focus sealed X-ray tube'
_diffrn_source_type              'SuperNova (Cu) X-ray Source'
_exptl_absorpt_coefficient_mu    8.786
_exptl_absorpt_correction_T_max  1.00000
_exptl_absorpt_correction_T_min  0.60780
_exptl_absorpt_correction_type   multi-scan
_exptl_absorpt_process_details
;
CrysAlisPro 1.171.43.92a (Rigaku Oxford Diffraction, 2023)
Empirical absorption correction using spherical harmonics,
implemented in SCALE3 ABSPACK scaling algorithm.
;
_exptl_crystal_colour            orange
_exptl_crystal_colour_primary    orange
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn    1.547
_exptl_crystal_description       plate
_exptl_crystal_F_000             1720
_exptl_crystal_size_max          0.22
_exptl_crystal_size_mid          0.16
_exptl_crystal_size_min          0.04
_refine_diff_density_max         1.151
_refine_diff_density_min         -0.705
_refine_diff_density_rms         0.099
_refine_ls_extinction_method     none
_refine_ls_goodness_of_fit_ref   1.061
_refine_ls_hydrogen_treatment    constr
_refine_ls_matrix_type           full
_refine_ls_number_parameters     432
_refine_ls_number_reflns         7354
_refine_ls_number_restraints     0
_refine_ls_restrained_S_all      1.061
_refine_ls_R_factor_all          0.0369
_refine_ls_R_factor_gt           0.0285
_refine_ls_shift/su_max          0.004
_refine_ls_shift/su_mean         0.000
_refine_ls_structure_factor_coef Fsqd
_refine_ls_weighting_details
'w=1/[\s^2^(Fo^2^)+(0.0333P)^2^] where P=(Fo^2^+2Fc^2^)/3'
_refine_ls_weighting_scheme      calc
_refine_ls_wR_factor_gt          0.0643
_refine_ls_wR_factor_ref         0.0677
_reflns_Friedel_coverage         0.000
_reflns_number_gt                6352
_reflns_number_total             7354
_reflns_threshold_expression     'I > 2\s(I)'
_cod_data_source_file            d5sc04490a2.cif
_cod_data_source_block           ipr-au_se-ph
_cod_depositor_comments
'Adding full bibliography for 1575505--1575508.cif.'
_cod_database_code               1575507
_shelx_shelxl_version_number     2018/3
_shelx_estimated_absorpt_t_max   0.720
_shelx_estimated_absorpt_t_min   0.248
_olex2_refinement_description
;
1. Fixed Uiso
 At 1.2 times of:
  All C(H) groups
 At 1.5 times of:
  All C(H,H,H) groups
2.a Ternary CH refined with riding coordinates:
 C23(H23), C32(H32), C35(H35), C20(H20)
2.b Aromatic/amide H refined with riding coordinates:
 C39(H39), C43(H43), C11(H11), C16(H16), C28(H28), C30(H30), C40(H40), C5(H5),
 C29(H29), C13(H13), C12(H12), C41(H41), C18(H18), C42(H42), C17(H17), C6(H6),
 C7(H7)
2.c Idealised Me refined as rotating group:
 C33(H33A,H33B,H33C), C34(H34A,H34B,H34C), C24(H24A,H24B,H24C), C37(H37A,H37B,
 H37C), C36(H36A,H36B,H36C), C25(H25A,H25B,H25C), C22(H22A,H22B,H22C), C21(H21A,
 H21B,H21C)
;
_shelx_res_checksum              46596
_olex2_submission_special_instructions 'No special instructions were received'
_oxdiff_exptl_absorpt_empirical_details
;
Empirical correction (ABSPACK) includes:
- Absorption correction using spherical harmonics
- Frame scaling
;
_oxdiff_exptl_absorpt_empirical_full_max 1.785
_oxdiff_exptl_absorpt_empirical_full_min 0.736