A stable two-electron-donating phenothiazine for application in nonaqueous redox flow batteries
Kowalski, Jeffrey A.; Casselman, Matthew D.; Kaur, Aman Preet; Milshtein, Jarrod D.; Elliott, Corrine F.; Modekrutti, Subrahmanyam; Attanayake, N. Harsha; Zhang, Naijao; Parkin, Sean R.; Risko, Chad; Brushett, Fikile R.; Odom, Susan A.; Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5 (2017) 24371–; doi:10.1039/C7TA05883G

data_7236627
_publ_section_title
;
 A stable two-electron-donating phenothiazine for application in
 nonaqueous redox flow batteries
;
_journal_issue                   46
_journal_name_full               'Journal of Materials Chemistry A'
_journal_page_first              24371
_journal_paper_doi               10.1039/C7TA05883G
_journal_volume                  5
_journal_year                    2017
_chemical_formula_moiety         'C16 H17 N O2 S'
_chemical_formula_sum            'C16 H17 N O2 S'
_chemical_formula_weight         287.36
_space_group_crystal_system      monoclinic
_space_group_IT_number           4
_space_group_name_Hall           'P 2yb'
_space_group_name_H-M_alt        'P 1 21 1'
_atom_sites_solution_hydrogens   difmap
_atom_sites_solution_primary     direct
_atom_sites_solution_secondary   difmap
_audit_creation_method           'SHELXL-2014/7 and CIFFIX'
_audit_update_record
;
2016-06-17 deposited with the CCDC.
2017-10-24 downloaded from the CCDC.
;
_cell_angle_alpha                90
_cell_angle_beta                 92.847(2)
_cell_angle_gamma                90
_cell_formula_units_Z            2
_cell_length_a                   8.4668(3)
_cell_length_b                   7.9589(3)
_cell_length_c                   10.4031(4)
_cell_measurement_reflns_used    1723
_cell_measurement_temperature    90.0(2)
_cell_measurement_theta_max      27.48
_cell_measurement_theta_min      1.00
_cell_volume                     700.16(5)
_computing_cell_refinement       '<i>SCALEPACK</i> (Otwinowski & Minor, 2006)'
_computing_data_collection       '<i>COLLECT</i> (Nonius, 1998)'
_computing_data_reduction        '<i>DENZO-SMN</i> (Otwinowski & Minor, 2006)'
_computing_molecular_graphics    '<i>XP in SHELXTL</i> (Sheldrick, 2008)'
_computing_publication_material
'<i>SHELX</i> (Sheldrick, 2008) and <i>CIFFIX</i> (Parkin, 2013)'
_computing_structure_refinement  '<i>SHELXL-2014/7</i> (Sheldrick, 2015b)'
_computing_structure_solution    '<i>SHELXT</i> (Sheldrick, 2015a)'
_diffrn_ambient_temperature      90.0(2)
_diffrn_detector_area_resol_mean 9.1
_diffrn_measured_fraction_theta_full 1.000
_diffrn_measured_fraction_theta_max 0.999
_diffrn_measurement_device_type  'Nonius KappaCCD diffractometer'
_diffrn_measurement_method       '\f and \w scans at fixed \c = 55\%'
_diffrn_radiation_type           MoK\a
_diffrn_radiation_wavelength     0.71073
_diffrn_reflns_av_R_equivalents  0.0376
_diffrn_reflns_av_unetI/netI     0.0408
_diffrn_reflns_Laue_measured_fraction_full 1.000
_diffrn_reflns_Laue_measured_fraction_max 0.999
_diffrn_reflns_limit_h_max       10
_diffrn_reflns_limit_h_min       -11
_diffrn_reflns_limit_k_max       10
_diffrn_reflns_limit_k_min       -10
_diffrn_reflns_limit_l_max       13
_diffrn_reflns_limit_l_min       -13
_diffrn_reflns_number            12645
_diffrn_reflns_point_group_measured_fraction_full 1.000
_diffrn_reflns_point_group_measured_fraction_max 0.999
_diffrn_reflns_theta_full        25.242
_diffrn_reflns_theta_max         27.507
_diffrn_reflns_theta_min         1.960
_diffrn_source                   'fine-focus sealed-tube'
_exptl_absorpt_coefficient_mu    0.232
_exptl_absorpt_correction_T_max  0.928
_exptl_absorpt_correction_T_min  0.753
_exptl_absorpt_correction_type   multi-scan
_exptl_absorpt_process_details   '<i>SADABS</i> (Krause et al., 2015)'
_exptl_crystal_colour            colourless
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn    1.363
_exptl_crystal_description       plate
_exptl_crystal_F_000             304
_exptl_crystal_size_max          0.320
_exptl_crystal_size_mid          0.220
_exptl_crystal_size_min          0.040
_refine_diff_density_max         0.317
_refine_diff_density_min         -0.248
_refine_diff_density_rms         0.052
_refine_ls_abs_structure_details
; 
Refined as an inversion twin. 
;
_refine_ls_abs_structure_Flack   0.14(10)
_refine_ls_extinction_method     none
_refine_ls_goodness_of_fit_ref   1.067
_refine_ls_hydrogen_treatment    constr
_refine_ls_matrix_type           full
_refine_ls_number_parameters     185
_refine_ls_number_reflns         3198
_refine_ls_number_restraints     1
_refine_ls_restrained_S_all      1.066
_refine_ls_R_factor_all          0.0484
_refine_ls_R_factor_gt           0.0390
_refine_ls_shift/su_max          0.000
_refine_ls_shift/su_mean         0.000
_refine_ls_structure_factor_coef Fsqd
_refine_ls_weighting_details
'w=1/[\s^2^(Fo^2^)+(0.0479P)^2^+0.1502P] where P=(Fo^2^+2Fc^2^)/3'
_refine_ls_weighting_scheme      calc
_refine_ls_wR_factor_gt          0.0883
_refine_ls_wR_factor_ref         0.0921
_reflns_Friedel_coverage         0.866
_reflns_Friedel_fraction_full    1.000
_reflns_Friedel_fraction_max     0.999
_reflns_number_gt                2798
_reflns_number_total             3198
_reflns_threshold_expression     'I > 2\s(I)'
_cod_data_source_file            c7ta05883g2.cif
_cod_data_source_block           k15178
_cod_original_sg_symbol_H-M      'P 21'
_cod_database_code               7236627
_shelx_shelxl_version_number     2014/7
_shelx_estimated_absorpt_t_min   0.930
_shelx_estimated_absorpt_t_max   0.991
_exptl_absorpt_special_details
; 
In addition to absorption, multi-scan techniques also correct other slowly 
varying changes in scale factor over reciprocal space, such as those caused 
by x-ray beam inhomogeneity, goniometer imperfection, crystal decomposition, 
crystal longer than the x-ray beam cross section, absorption by the crystal 
mount etc.  These account, by and large, for much of the difference between 
estimated values of Tmin and Tmax and the _exptl_absorpt_correction_ values. 
;
_shelx_res_checksum              41485