Azothiophene-Based Molecular Switches: Influence of Substituent Position and Solvent Environment on Photophysical Behaviour
Zhang, Xin; Kotoulas, Konstantinos T.; Bandaranayake, P.M. Anuththaara; Chathumalee, Dilani; Ehsan, Nuha; Huddleston, Patrick R.; Wallis, John D.; Perry, Carole Celia; Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics  (2025) –; doi:10.1039/D5CP03027G

data_7251351
_publ_section_title
;
 Azothiophene-Based Molecular Switches: Influence of Substituent Position
 and Solvent Environment on Photophysical Behaviour
;
_journal_name_full               'Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics'
_journal_paper_doi               10.1039/D5CP03027G
_journal_year                    2025
_chemical_formula_moiety         'C10 H6 N2 O4 S2'
_chemical_formula_sum            'C10 H6 N2 O4 S2'
_chemical_formula_weight         282.29
_chemical_melting_point          447
_chemical_name_systematic
;
trans-3,3'-Azothiophene-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid
;
_space_group_crystal_system      monoclinic
_space_group_IT_number           14
_space_group_name_Hall           '-P 2yn'
_space_group_name_H-M_alt        'P 1 21/n 1'
_atom_sites_solution_hydrogens   difmap
_audit_creation_date             2024-01-04
_audit_creation_method
;
Olex2 1.5
(compiled 2023.08.24 svn.re1ec1418 for OlexSys, GUI svn.r6817)
;
_audit_update_record
;
2025-06-06 deposited with the CCDC.	2025-11-25 downloaded from the CCDC.
;
_cell_angle_alpha                90
_cell_angle_beta                 90.562(4)
_cell_angle_gamma                90
_cell_formula_units_Z            4
_cell_length_a                   7.4513(3)
_cell_length_b                   11.4497(4)
_cell_length_c                   12.7532(5)
_cell_measurement_reflns_used    3719
_cell_measurement_temperature    130(2)
_cell_measurement_theta_max      78.9740
_cell_measurement_theta_min      5.1710
_cell_volume                     1087.99(7)
_computing_cell_refinement       'CrysAlisPro 1.171.42.92a (Rigaku OD, 2023)'
_computing_data_collection       'CrysAlisPro 1.171.42.92a (Rigaku OD, 2023)'
_computing_data_reduction        'CrysAlisPro 1.171.42.92a (Rigaku OD, 2023)'
_computing_molecular_graphics    'Olex2 1.5 (Dolomanov et al., 2009)'
_computing_publication_material  'Olex2 1.5 (Dolomanov et al., 2009)'
_computing_structure_refinement  'SHELXL 2018/3 (Sheldrick, 2015)'
_computing_structure_solution    'SHELXT 2018/2 (Sheldrick, 2018)'
_diffrn_ambient_environment      N~2~
_diffrn_ambient_temperature      130(2)
_diffrn_detector                 'Hybrid Pixel Array Detector'
_diffrn_detector_area_resol_mean 10.0000
_diffrn_detector_type            'HyPix-Arc 100'
_diffrn_measured_fraction_theta_full 0.965
_diffrn_measured_fraction_theta_max 0.887
_diffrn_measurement_device       'four-circle diffractometer'
_diffrn_measurement_device_type  'XtaLAB Synergy R, DW system, HyPix-Arc 100'
_diffrn_measurement_method       '\w scans'
_diffrn_radiation_monochromator  mirror
_diffrn_radiation_probe          x-ray
_diffrn_radiation_type           'Cu K\a'
_diffrn_radiation_wavelength     1.54184
_diffrn_reflns_av_R_equivalents  0.0342
_diffrn_reflns_av_unetI/netI     0.0359
_diffrn_reflns_Laue_measured_fraction_full 0.965
_diffrn_reflns_Laue_measured_fraction_max 0.887
_diffrn_reflns_limit_h_max       9
_diffrn_reflns_limit_h_min       -7
_diffrn_reflns_limit_k_max       13
_diffrn_reflns_limit_k_min       -14
_diffrn_reflns_limit_l_max       15
_diffrn_reflns_limit_l_min       -15
_diffrn_reflns_number            7129
_diffrn_reflns_point_group_measured_fraction_full 0.965
_diffrn_reflns_point_group_measured_fraction_max 0.887
_diffrn_reflns_theta_full        67.684
_diffrn_reflns_theta_max         79.355
_diffrn_reflns_theta_min         5.192
_diffrn_source                   'Rotating-anode X-ray tube'
_diffrn_source_type              'Rigaku (Cu) X-ray Source'
_exptl_absorpt_coefficient_mu    4.560
_exptl_absorpt_correction_T_max  1.000
_exptl_absorpt_correction_T_min  0.519
_exptl_absorpt_correction_type   gaussian
_exptl_absorpt_process_details
;
CrysAlisPro 1.171.42.92a (Rigaku Oxford Diffraction, 2023)
Numerical absorption correction based on gaussian integration over
a multifaceted crystal model
Empirical absorption correction using spherical harmonics,
implemented in SCALE3 ABSPACK scaling algorithm.
;
_exptl_crystal_colour            yellow
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn    1.723
_exptl_crystal_description       needle
_exptl_crystal_F_000             576
_exptl_crystal_recrystallization_method
'Re-crystallisation from solvent: THF/Toluene'
_exptl_crystal_size_max          0.23
_exptl_crystal_size_mid          0.02
_exptl_crystal_size_min          0.02
_refine_diff_density_max         0.680
_refine_diff_density_min         -0.468
_refine_diff_density_rms         0.099
_refine_ls_extinction_method     none
_refine_ls_goodness_of_fit_ref   1.158
_refine_ls_hydrogen_treatment    refall
_refine_ls_matrix_type           full
_refine_ls_number_parameters     187
_refine_ls_number_reflns         2099
_refine_ls_number_restraints     0
_refine_ls_restrained_S_all      1.158
_refine_ls_R_factor_all          0.0669
_refine_ls_R_factor_gt           0.0590
_refine_ls_shift/su_max          0.000
_refine_ls_shift/su_mean         0.000
_refine_ls_structure_factor_coef Fsqd
_refine_ls_weighting_details
'w=1/[\s^2^(Fo^2^)+(0.0638P)^2^+4.0266P] where P=(Fo^2^+2Fc^2^)/3'
_refine_ls_weighting_scheme      calc
_refine_ls_wR_factor_gt          0.1746
_refine_ls_wR_factor_ref         0.1787
_reflns_Friedel_coverage         0.000
_reflns_number_gt                1741
_reflns_number_total             2099
_reflns_threshold_expression     'I > 2\s(I)'
_cod_data_source_file            d5cp03027g2.cif
_cod_data_source_block           prhdiacid
_cod_database_code               7251351
_shelx_shelxl_version_number     2018/3
_shelx_estimated_absorpt_t_max   0.914
_shelx_estimated_absorpt_t_min   0.420
_olex2_refinement_description
;
;
_shelx_res_checksum              49310
_olex2_submission_special_instructions 'No special instructions were received'