Stable N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) cyclometalated (C^C) gold(iii) complexes as blue‒blue green phosphorescence emitters
von Arx, Tobias; Szentkuti, Alexander; Zehnder, Thomas N.; Blacque, Olivier; Venkatesan, Koushik; Journal of Materials Chemistry C 5 (2017) 3765–; doi:10.1039/C6TC05551F

data_7236476
_publ_section_title
;
 Stable N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) cyclometalated (C^C) gold(iii)
 complexes as blue--blue green phosphorescence emitters
;
_journal_issue                   15
_journal_name_full               'Journal of Materials Chemistry C'
_journal_page_first              3765
_journal_paper_doi               10.1039/C6TC05551F
_journal_volume                  5
_journal_year                    2017
_chemical_absolute_configuration ad
_chemical_formula_moiety         'C19 H18 Au Cl3 N2'
_chemical_formula_sum            'C19 H18 Au Cl3 N2'
_chemical_formula_weight         577.67
_chemical_name_systematic
trichloro[1-(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-1-yl)-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-gold(iii)
_space_group_crystal_system      orthorhombic
_space_group_IT_number           29
_space_group_name_Hall           'P 2c -2ac'
_space_group_name_H-M_alt        'P c a 21'
_atom_sites_solution_hydrogens   geom
_audit_creation_date             2015-11-30
_audit_creation_method
;
Olex2 1.2
(compiled 2015.09.30 svn.r3233 for OlexSys, GUI svn.r5103)
;
_audit_update_record
;
2016-12-14 deposited with the CCDC.
2017-03-15 downloaded from the CCDC.
;
_cell_angle_alpha                90
_cell_angle_beta                 90
_cell_angle_gamma                90
_cell_formula_units_Z            4
_cell_length_a                   17.61694(20)
_cell_length_b                   7.56666(9)
_cell_length_c                   14.8780(2)
_cell_measurement_reflns_used    13206
_cell_measurement_temperature    183(1)
_cell_measurement_theta_max      32.8870
_cell_measurement_theta_min      2.9150
_cell_volume                     1983.26(4)
_computing_cell_refinement       'CrysAlisPro 1.171.38.41 (Rigaku OD, 2015)'
_computing_data_collection       'CrysAlisPro 1.171.38.41 (Rigaku OD, 2015)'
_computing_data_reduction        'CrysAlisPro 1.171.38.41 (Rigaku OD, 2015)'
_computing_molecular_graphics    'Olex2 (Dolomanov et al., 2009)'
_computing_publication_material  'Olex2 (Dolomanov et al., 2009)'
_computing_structure_refinement  'ShelXL 2014/7 (Sheldrick, 2015)'
_computing_structure_solution    'ShelXS-97 (Sheldrick, 2008)'
_diffrn_ambient_environment      N~2~
_diffrn_ambient_temperature      183(1)
_diffrn_detector                 'CCD plate'
_diffrn_detector_area_resol_mean 10.3801
_diffrn_detector_type            Atlas
_diffrn_measured_fraction_theta_full 1.000
_diffrn_measured_fraction_theta_max 1.000
_diffrn_measurement_details
;
List of Runs (angles in degrees, time in seconds):

  # Type    Start    End  Width  t~exp~   \w     \q     \k     \f   Frames
  1  \w    -27.00 101.00   0.80   25.00    --   19.46  19.00 -30.00  160
  2  \w   -102.00  26.00   0.80   25.00    --  -20.40 -19.00 -30.00  160
  3  \w    -57.00  45.40   0.80   25.00    --   19.46 -37.00 -60.00  128
  4  \w   -110.00 -85.20   0.80   25.00    --  -20.40-178.00 120.00   31
  5  \w   -109.00 -55.40   0.80   25.00    --  -20.40 178.00  30.00   67
;
_diffrn_measurement_device       'four-circle diffractometer'
_diffrn_measurement_device_type  'SuperNova, Dual, Cu at zero, Atlas'
_diffrn_measurement_method       '\w scans'
_diffrn_orient_matrix_type
'CrysAlisPro convention (1999, Acta A55, 543-557)'
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_11      -0.0379931000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_12      -0.0237178000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_13      -0.0101111000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_21      -0.0015450000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_22      -0.0519309000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_23      0.0396642000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_31      -0.0132097000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_32      0.0743670000
_diffrn_orient_matrix_UB_33      0.0244475000
_diffrn_radiation_monochromator  mirror
_diffrn_radiation_probe          x-ray
_diffrn_radiation_type           MoK\a
_diffrn_radiation_wavelength     0.71073
_diffrn_reflns_av_R_equivalents  0.0244
_diffrn_reflns_av_unetI/netI     0.0192
_diffrn_reflns_Laue_measured_fraction_full 1.000
_diffrn_reflns_Laue_measured_fraction_max 1.000
_diffrn_reflns_limit_h_max       22
_diffrn_reflns_limit_h_min       -22
_diffrn_reflns_limit_k_max       9
_diffrn_reflns_limit_k_min       -9
_diffrn_reflns_limit_l_max       18
_diffrn_reflns_limit_l_min       -18
_diffrn_reflns_number            18197
_diffrn_reflns_point_group_measured_fraction_full 0.997
_diffrn_reflns_point_group_measured_fraction_max 0.997
_diffrn_reflns_theta_full        25.242
_diffrn_reflns_theta_max         26.366
_diffrn_reflns_theta_min         2.312
_diffrn_source                   'micro-focus sealed X-ray tube'
_diffrn_source_type              'SuperNova (Mo) X-ray Source'
_exptl_absorpt_coefficient_mu    7.826
_exptl_absorpt_correction_T_max  0.863
_exptl_absorpt_correction_T_min  0.403
_exptl_absorpt_correction_type   analytical
_exptl_absorpt_process_details
;
CrysAlisPro 1.171.38.41 (Rigaku Oxford Diffraction, 2015)
Analytical numeric absorption correction using a multifaceted crystal
model based on expressions derived by R.C. Clark & J.S. Reid.
(Clark, R. C. & Reid, J. S. (1995). Acta Cryst. A51, 887-897)
Empirical absorption correction using spherical harmonics,
 implemented in SCALE3 ABSPACK scaling algorithm.
;
_exptl_crystal_colour            yellow
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn    1.935
_exptl_crystal_description       plate
_exptl_crystal_F_000             1104
_exptl_crystal_preparation       ', Luminescent'
_exptl_crystal_size_max          0.24
_exptl_crystal_size_mid          0.12
_exptl_crystal_size_min          0.02
_refine_diff_density_max         0.424
_refine_diff_density_min         -0.283
_refine_diff_density_rms         0.057
_refine_ls_abs_structure_details
;
 Flack x determined using 1763 quotients [(I+)-(I-)]/[(I+)+(I-)]
 (Parsons, Flack and Wagner, Acta Cryst. B69 (2013) 249-259).
;
_refine_ls_abs_structure_Flack   -0.019(3)
_refine_ls_extinction_method     none
_refine_ls_goodness_of_fit_ref   1.036
_refine_ls_hydrogen_treatment    constr
_refine_ls_matrix_type           full
_refine_ls_number_parameters     229
_refine_ls_number_reflns         4044
_refine_ls_number_restraints     1
_refine_ls_restrained_S_all      1.036
_refine_ls_R_factor_all          0.0167
_refine_ls_R_factor_gt           0.0149
_refine_ls_shift/su_max          0.001
_refine_ls_shift/su_mean         0.000
_refine_ls_structure_factor_coef Fsqd
_refine_ls_weighting_details
'w=1/[\s^2^(Fo^2^)+(0.0141P)^2^+0.7381P] where P=(Fo^2^+2Fc^2^)/3'
_refine_ls_weighting_scheme      calc
_refine_ls_wR_factor_gt          0.0325
_refine_ls_wR_factor_ref         0.0333
_reflns_Friedel_coverage         0.916
_reflns_Friedel_fraction_full    0.995
_reflns_Friedel_fraction_max     0.994
_reflns_number_gt                3860
_reflns_number_total             4044
_reflns_threshold_expression     'I > 2\s(I)'
_cod_data_source_file            c6tc05551f2.cif
_cod_data_source_block           C2_CCDC1497788
_cod_database_code               7236476
_olex2_refinement_description
;
1. Fixed Uiso
 At 1.2 times of:
  All C(H) groups
 At 1.5 times of:
  All C(H,H,H) groups
2.a Aromatic/amide H refined with riding coordinates:
 C2(H2), C3(H3), C6(H6), C9(H9), C10(H10), C14(H14), C15(H15), C16(H16),
 C17(H17)
2.b Idealised Me refined as rotating group:
 C4(H4A,H4B,H4C), C18(H18A,H18B,H18C), C19(H19A,H19B,H19C)
;
_shelx_res_checksum              58555
_shelx_hkl_checksum              55914
_shelx_shelxl_version_number     2014/7