Analysis of a New Hydrochloride Salt of the Common Pharmaceutical Metformin
Hitchings, Thomas; Students, School Project; Shepherd, Angela; Alfredsson, Maria; Saines, Paul James; CrystEngComm  (2025) –; doi:10.1039/D5CE00711A

data_7251084
_publ_section_title
;
 Analysis of a New Hydrochloride Salt of the Common Pharmaceutical
 Metformin
;
_journal_name_full               CrystEngComm
_journal_paper_doi               10.1039/D5CE00711A
_journal_year                    2025
_chemical_formula_moiety         'C4 H13 N5, 2(Cl)'
_chemical_formula_sum            'C4 H13 Cl2 N5'
_chemical_formula_weight         202.09
_chemical_name_common            'Metformin Dihydrochloride'
_chemical_name_systematic        'Metformin Dihydrochloride'
_chemical_properties_physical    Hygroscopic
_space_group_crystal_system      monoclinic
_space_group_IT_number           4
_space_group_name_Hall           'P 2yb'
_space_group_name_H-M_alt        'P 1 21 1'
_atom_sites_solution_hydrogens   geom
_atom_sites_solution_primary     direct
_audit_creation_date             2024-11-19
_audit_creation_method
;
Olex2 1.5
(compiled 2024.02.16 svn.r378c4104 for OlexSys, GUI svn.r6928)
;
_audit_update_record
;
2024-11-20 deposited with the CCDC.	2025-10-21 downloaded from the CCDC.
;
_cell_angle_alpha                90
_cell_angle_beta                 105.231(7)
_cell_angle_gamma                90
_cell_formula_units_Z            2
_cell_length_a                   7.0914(5)
_cell_length_b                   5.7846(4)
_cell_length_c                   12.4800(9)
_cell_measurement_reflns_used    2092
_cell_measurement_temperature    150.0(2)
_cell_measurement_theta_max      29.3550
_cell_measurement_theta_min      4.5960
_cell_volume                     493.96(6)
_computing_cell_refinement
;
CrystalClear-SM Expert 2.0 r7 (Rigaku, 2011)
;
_computing_data_collection
;
CrystalClear-SM Expert 2.0 r7 (Rigaku, 2011)
;
_computing_data_reduction
;
CrystalClear-SM Expert 2.0 r7 (Rigaku, 2011)
;
_computing_molecular_graphics    'Olex2 1.5 (Dolomanov et al., 2009)'
_computing_publication_material  'Olex2 1.5 (Dolomanov et al., 2009)'
_computing_structure_refinement  'SHELXL 2013/4 (Sheldrick, 2015)'
_computing_structure_solution    'SHELXS  (Sheldrick, 2008)'
_diffrn_ambient_temperature      150
_diffrn_detector                 CCD
_diffrn_detector_area_resol_mean 28.5714
_diffrn_detector_type            'Rigaku Saturn724+'
_diffrn_measured_fraction_theta_full 0.996
_diffrn_measured_fraction_theta_max 0.877
_diffrn_measurement_details
;
List of Runs (angles in degrees, time in seconds):

  # Type    Start    End  Width  t~exp~   \w     \q     \k     \f   Frames
  1  \w    -15.00  30.00   1.00   10.00    --  -10.54 -99.00  90.00   45
  2  \w    -12.00  86.00   1.00   10.00    --   12.10  38.00-180.00   98
  3  \w    -68.00  53.00   1.00   10.00    --   12.10 -19.00 -60.00  121
;
_diffrn_measurement_device       'AFC12 (Right): Kappa 3 circle'
_diffrn_measurement_device_type  'Rigaku Saturn724+ (2x2 bin mode)'
_diffrn_measurement_method       'profile data from \w-scans'
_diffrn_measurement_specimen_support 'Mitegen 50um'
_diffrn_radiation_collimation    0.3
_diffrn_radiation_monochromator  Confocal
_diffrn_radiation_probe          x-ray
_diffrn_radiation_type           MoK\a
_diffrn_radiation_wavelength     0.71073
_diffrn_reflns_av_R_equivalents  0.0395
_diffrn_reflns_av_unetI/netI     0.0563
_diffrn_reflns_Laue_measured_fraction_full 0.996
_diffrn_reflns_Laue_measured_fraction_max 0.877
_diffrn_reflns_limit_h_max       9
_diffrn_reflns_limit_h_min       -9
_diffrn_reflns_limit_k_max       5
_diffrn_reflns_limit_k_min       -7
_diffrn_reflns_limit_l_max       17
_diffrn_reflns_limit_l_min       -11
_diffrn_reflns_number            3612
_diffrn_reflns_point_group_measured_fraction_full 0.807
_diffrn_reflns_point_group_measured_fraction_max 0.665
_diffrn_reflns_theta_full        25.242
_diffrn_reflns_theta_max         29.740
_diffrn_reflns_theta_min         3.792
_diffrn_source                   'Rotating Anode'
_diffrn_source_current           24.0
_diffrn_source_power             1.2
_diffrn_source_target            Mo
_diffrn_source_type              'Rotating Anode'
_diffrn_source_voltage           50.0
_exptl_absorpt_coefficient_mu    0.611
_exptl_absorpt_correction_T_max  1.000
_exptl_absorpt_correction_T_min  0.879
_exptl_absorpt_correction_type   gaussian
_exptl_absorpt_process_details
;
CrysAlisPro 1.171.40.67a (Rigaku Oxford Diffraction, 2019)
Numerical absorption correction based on gaussian integration over
			a multifaceted crystal model
Empirical absorption correction using spherical harmonics,
 implemented in SCALE3 ABSPACK scaling algorithm.
;
_exptl_crystal_colour            'clear colourless'
_exptl_crystal_colour_lustre     clear
_exptl_crystal_colour_primary    colourless
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn    1.359
_exptl_crystal_description       block
_exptl_crystal_F_000             212
_exptl_crystal_preparation       'From water'
_exptl_crystal_recrystallization_method 'Re-crystallisation from solvent: Water'
_exptl_crystal_size_max          0.121
_exptl_crystal_size_mid          0.121
_exptl_crystal_size_min          0.083
_refine_diff_density_max         0.284
_refine_diff_density_min         -0.273
_refine_diff_density_rms         0.065
_refine_ls_abs_structure_details
;
 Flack x determined using 475 quotients [(I+)-(I-)]/[(I+)+(I-)]
 (Parsons and Flack (2004), Acta Cryst. A60, s61).
;
_refine_ls_abs_structure_Flack   0.31(7)
_refine_ls_extinction_method     none
_refine_ls_goodness_of_fit_ref   1.037
_refine_ls_hydrogen_treatment    constr
_refine_ls_matrix_type           full
_refine_ls_number_parameters     102
_refine_ls_number_reflns         1865
_refine_ls_number_restraints     1
_refine_ls_restrained_S_all      1.037
_refine_ls_R_factor_all          0.0381
_refine_ls_R_factor_gt           0.0341
_refine_ls_shift/su_max          0.000
_refine_ls_shift/su_mean         0.000
_refine_ls_structure_factor_coef Fsqd
_refine_ls_weighting_details
'w=1/[\s^2^(Fo^2^)+(0.0341P)^2^] where P=(Fo^2^+2Fc^2^)/3'
_refine_ls_weighting_scheme      calc
_refine_ls_wR_factor_gt          0.0761
_refine_ls_wR_factor_ref         0.0782
_reflns_Friedel_coverage         0.388
_reflns_Friedel_fraction_full    0.571
_reflns_Friedel_fraction_max     0.409
_reflns_number_gt                1759
_reflns_number_total             1865
_reflns_threshold_expression     'I > 2\s(I)'
_cod_data_source_file            d5ce00711a2.cif
_cod_data_source_block           as_m_cu_h2o_7b_p21
_cod_original_cell_volume        493.95(6)
_cod_database_code               7251084
_shelxl_version_number           2013-4
_olex2_refinement_description
;
1. Fixed Uiso
 At 1.2 times of:
  All N(H) groups, All N(H,H) groups
 At 1.5 times of:
  All C(H,H,H) groups
2.a Aromatic/amide H refined with riding coordinates:
 N3(H3)
2.b X=CH2 refined with riding coordinates:
 N4(H4A,H4B), N2(H2A,H2B), N1(H1A,H1B)
2.c Idealised Me refined as rotating group:
 C4(H4C,H4D,H4E), C3(H3A,H3B,H3C)
;
_shelx_res_checksum              13560
_olex2_submission_special_instructions 'No special instructions were received'
_oxdiff_exptl_absorpt_empirical_details
;
Empirical correction (ABSPACK) includes:
- Absorption correction using spherical harmonics
- Frame scaling
;