Migrant caravan: Mexico offers temporary work permits
27 October 2018
Mexico has offered temporary work permits to migrants who register for asylum, as a big caravan of Central American migrants makes its way through the country toward the US. The plan also envisages temporary ID cards, medical care and schooling. But to qualify, migrants must remain in Mexico's southern Chiapas and Oaxaca states. The US has warned that about 800 troops may be sent to the US-Mexico border to stop the migrant caravan. "I am bringing out the military for this National Emergency," US President Donald Trump tweeted earlier this week. "They [the migrants] will be stopped!" The president also threatened to cut aid to Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras. The mid-term elections are less than two weeks away and critics say Mr Trump has used the threat of illegal immigration to fire up his supporters. However, the caravan, which set off from Honduras several weeks ago, is still more than 1,000 miles away from Mexico's northern border with the US. The scheme, announced by President Enrique Pena Nieto, covers Central Americans who have officially asked for refugee status in Mexico or are planning to do so in the near future. It is called Estas en Tu Casa ("You're in Your Home" in Spanish). "Today, Mexico extends you its hand," President Pena Nieto said. But he added: "This plan is only for those who comply with Mexican laws, and it's a first step towards a permanent solution for those who are granted refugee status in Mexico." The plan envisages: - Temporary ID cards and work permits - Medical care - Schooling for migrants' children - Housing in local hostels But President Pena Nieto failed to explain what would happen to the migrants if they chose to carry on regardless. The Mexican authorities are coming under increasing pressure from the Trump administration to find a solution to this caravan, reports the BBC's Central America correspondent Will Grant in the town of Arriaga, Chiapas. The authorities are trying to tread a balance between placating the US and giving a green light to travel to potential future caravans, our correspondent adds. The caravan is presently in Arriaga. Most migrants said they had no intention of abandoning their plans to head to the US. "The majority plan to cross the border. And that's my intention, too," Jose Santos, from Honduras, told the BBC. "Because, yes, while life here is calmer than at home, it's still not like the US where it would get better. That's the goal: to have a better life." Meanwhile, Anna Lisset Velazquez, also from Honduras, told the BBC: "It's a kind offer - but it's not the plan that we have, to stay here halfway up." However, another migrant described Mr Pena Nieto's proposal as a decent "plan B". "Because we can't go back to Honduras. So as a second choice, we'd be better off here," Greville Juan Villanova said. A spokesman for the United Nations said more than 7,000 people had joined the migrant caravan as of 22 October, citing estimates from the International Organization for Migration. But the group has split up, which makes it difficult to determine the exact number. The migrants say they are fleeing persecution, poverty and violence in their home countries of Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador. On Thursday, Mr Trump once again urged the migrants to stay away, tweeting: "To those in the caravan, turn around, we are not letting people into the United States illegally." Many of the migrants say they plan to seek asylum in the US. There is a legal obligation under international law to hear asylum claims from migrants who have arrived in the US if they say they fear violence in their home countries. But in June, US Attorney General Jeff Sessions announced that victims of domestic abuse and gang violence would no longer generally qualify for asylum in the US. Those seeking asylum must be fleeing due to a serious fear of persecution in their home country. Under international law, these are considered refugees. If an asylum seeker enters the US illegally, they are still entitled to have their claim heard. Economic migrants are those seeking a better quality of life - and even if they are fleeing devastating poverty, they are not considered refugees and do not have the same protections. The mid-term elections are less than two weeks away. Critics say Mr Trump has used the threat of illegal immigration to fire up his supporters.
The scheme, announced by President Enrique Pena Nieto, covers Central Americans who have officially asked for refugee status in Mexico or are planning to do so in the near future. It is called Estas en Tu Casa ("You're in Your Home" in Spanish). "Today, Mexico extends you its hand," President Pena Nieto said. But he added: "This plan is only for those who comply with Mexican laws, and it's a first step towards a permanent solution for those who are granted refugee status in Mexico." The plan envisages: - Temporary ID cards and work permits - Medical care - Schooling for migrants' children - Housing in local hostels But President Pena Nieto failed to explain what would happen to the migrants if they chose to carry on regardless. The Mexican authorities are coming under increasing pressure from the Trump administration to find a solution to this caravan, reports the BBC's Central America correspondent Will Grant in the town of Arriaga, Chiapas. The authorities are trying to tread a balance between placating the US and giving a green light to travel to potential future caravans, our correspondent adds.
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What about Mexico's plan?
The caravan is presently in Arriaga. Most migrants said they had no intention of abandoning their plans to head to the US. "The majority plan to cross the border. And that's my intention, too," Jose Santos, from Honduras, told the BBC. "Because, yes, while life here is calmer than at home, it's still not like the US where it would get better. That's the goal: to have a better life." Meanwhile, Anna Lisset Velazquez, also from Honduras, told the BBC: "It's a kind offer - but it's not the plan that we have, to stay here halfway up." However, another migrant described Mr Pena Nieto's proposal as a decent "plan B". "Because we can't go back to Honduras. So as a second choice, we'd be better off here," Greville Juan Villanova said. A spokesman for the United Nations said more than 7,000 people had joined the migrant caravan as of 22 October, citing estimates from the International Organization for Migration. But the group has split up, which makes it difficult to determine the exact number. The migrants say they are fleeing persecution, poverty and violence in their home countries of Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador.
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Where is the caravan now?
On Thursday, Mr Trump once again urged the migrants to stay away, tweeting: "To those in the caravan, turn around, we are not letting people into the United States illegally." Many of the migrants say they plan to seek asylum in the US. There is a legal obligation under international law to hear asylum claims from migrants who have arrived in the US if they say they fear violence in their home countries. But in June, US Attorney General Jeff Sessions announced that victims of domestic abuse and gang violence would no longer generally qualify for asylum in the US. Those seeking asylum must be fleeing due to a serious fear of persecution in their home country. Under international law, these are considered refugees. If an asylum seeker enters the US illegally, they are still entitled to have their claim heard. Economic migrants are those seeking a better quality of life - and even if they are fleeing devastating poverty, they are not considered refugees and do not have the same protections. The mid-term elections are less than two weeks away. Critics say Mr Trump has used the threat of illegal immigration to fire up his supporters.
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Can they migrate legally?