Case: The Estates Development Limited (In Liquidation) Through Its Official Liquidator  Vs. Union Of India &amp; Others

1. In the month of August, 1942 the appellant company (hereinafter called the Company) was incorporated with its registered office in the city of Jullunder dealing in sale and purchase of land as its substantial business. By a sale deed executed on November 24, 1944 the company purchased 646 kanals, 9 marlas of land from Harjit Singh for a sum of Rs. 32,326/-. The land was located in village Monanpura of District Sheikupura, now in West Pakistan. Out of the consideration for the sale, a sum of Rs. 9000/- was left with the company for payment to the previous mortgagees and the balance of the money was paid to Harjit Singh before the Sub-Register at the time before the Sub-Registrar at the time of registration. On the basis of the registered sale deed the company was allotted 27 standard acres and 11 1/2 units of land in village Bohani, Tehsil Phagwara, District Kapurthala in the year 1950 in lieu of the land abandoned in Pakistan. A sanad No. K2/4/8 dated March 9, 1950 was issued in favour of the company. There was consolidation of holdings in village Bohani and as a result of consolidation the area allotted to the company came to 23 kanals and 5 marlas. Out of this the company sold 9 1/2 kanals to Mohan Singh, a Jat of village Bohani for Rs. 1,900.00 by registered sale deed, dated May 22, 1956. Another portion of 220 kanals and 15 marlas was sold on September 12, 1958 for Rs. 10,012/- to one Mehnga Singh and his sons. It was later discovered that the company had been allotted less area of land than it was entitled to as a result of consolidation operations and so an additional area of 24 kanals was allotted to the company in village Bohani to make up the deficiency. On August 30, 1960 the Managing Officer, respondent No. 3, made a report, Annexure C, to the Chief Settlement Commissioner, Respondent No. 2 recommending cancellation of the allotment of land to the company and consequently the grant of permanent rights to it. The company was heard by the Chief Settlement Commissioner and thereafter the Chief Settlement Commissioner rejected the registered sale deed and balance sheets and relying on the jamabandi, annexure X, came to the conclusion that at the time of partition the company did not own any land in Pakistan nor was it in occupation of any such land. By his order dated February 27, 1961 respondent No. 2 set aside the permanent rights acquired by the company to the extent of 27 standard acres, 11 1/2 units and also cancelled the quasi-permanent allotment of the land made in the name of the company. On March 29, 1961 a revision petition was filed by the Company to the Central Government, respondent No. 1. But the revision petition was dismissed on May 10, 1961. On June 8, 1961, the company filed a writ petition under Art. 226 of the Constitution praying for grant of a writ to quash the order of the Chief Settlement Commissioner, dated February 27, 1961. The writ petition was allowed by Shamsher Bahadur J. But the respondent took the matter in appeal under cl. 10 of Letters Patent to a Division Bench which reversed the judgment of the learned single Judge and ordered the writ petition to be dismissed.

Reasoning:
It is not necessary to examine this document in detail for we are of opinion that the appeal must be allowed and the order of the Chief Settlement Commissioner must be quashed on the ground thatthere is no finding of the Chief Settlement Commissioner that the Company had obtained allotment of the land "by menas of fraud, false representation or concealment of any material fact" within the meaning of S. 24 (2) of the Act. It is true that the Chief Settlement Commissioner had recorded a finding that the company had recorded a finding that the company had not proved it stile to any land in village Momonpura and the allotment was "undeserved". But this is not tantamount to a finding that the allotment had been obtained by a false representation or fraud or concealment of material facts. Such a finding is a condition precedent for taking action under section 24 (2) of the Act. The condition imposed by the section is mandatory and in the absence of any such finding the Chief Settlement Commissioner had no jurisdiction to cancel the allotment made to the company under S. 24 (2) of the Act.