Case: JHARKHAND STATE HOUSING BOARD Vs. DIDAR SINGH AND ANR

N.V. Ramana, J. 1. This appeal by special leave is directed against the impugned judgment and decree dt. 12.10.2001 passed by the High Court of Jharkhand at Ranchi in Second Appeal No.88/2000 whereby the High Court dismissed the appeal filed by the Board by confirming the concurrent findings of the courts below. 2. Brief facts in nutshell for proper adjudication of the dispute involved in the present appeal are, the plaintiff has filed a suit for permanent injunction alleging that suit schedule property originally belongs to Raja A.P. Singh Deo of estate of Seraikella. Later the property was purchased by Kumar Subodh Singh Deo vide registered Sale Deed No.3201 dated 4.12.1989. He, in turn, sold the property to the plaintiff vide registered Sale Deed dated 8.8.1990 for a consideration of Rs.12,000/and since then he is in peaceful possession and enjoyment of the property by constructing a residential building in the land. While that being so, the defendantBoard has issued notice dated 4.1.1992 asking the plaintiff to quit and give vacant possession of the suit land and threatened the plaintiff to dispossess from the suit land without any right and title over the same. Hence the plaintiff has come up with the present suit to protect his possession. 3. The defendant has filed the written statement contending that the plaintiff vendor has no legal right and title over the suit schedule property and the sale deed executed by his vendor will not confer any right or title to the plaintiff. Further the suit schedule property along with other properties was acquired by the defendants by way of land acquisition proceedings in the year 1965 and the possession was handed over to them. As such, except the defendant, no one else has right or title over the property. The defendant has taken several other grounds with regard to maintainability of the suit on the ground of misjoinder of proper and necessary parties to the suit, on the ground of limitation, under section 92 of the B.S.H.B. Act and Rules, as no prior notice was issued before instituting the suit. Also under Section 62 of the CNT Act, it is the case of the defendant that the present Suit is not maintainable without seeking the relief of declaration of title. The suit schedule property was recorded in the revenue records in the name of the defendant. Without seeking right, title, possession and correction of entries in record of right, plaintiff cannot maintain the suit for injunction and hence sought for dismissal of the suit. 4. The trial court has decreed the suit holding that suit is not barred under any of the provisions of the B.S.H.B. Act, CNT Act and the Limitation Act. Though Court took note of Ex.B letter of giving possession to the defendant has come to the conclusion that the evidence on record does not establish that the land acquisition proceedings have attained finality. With regard to maintainability of a suit for injunction, Court gave a finding that as the plaintiff is able to prove his possession by oral and documentary evidence, he can maintain a simplicitor suit for injunction without seeking the relief of declaration. 5. The unsatisfied defendant approached the 1st Additional District Judge, Singhbhum (West) at Seraikella by way of Title Appeal No.46/1995. The 1st Appellate Court dismissed the appeal by holding that the mere suit for injunction is maintainable as the Board threatened to demolish the plaintiffs house and the proceeding under the Land Acquisition Act are not successfully proved by the defendant by adducing cogent evidence. The defendant further carried the matter to the High Court by way of second appeal and that also ended up in dismissal. The High Court also observed that as the plaintiff is in possession of the property, he can protect his possession against any interference and it is not necessary to prove his title to the property. 6. The unsuccessful defendant is before us by way of this appeal. 7. The learned counsel for the appellantBoard has argued that the disputed property was part of the Government land acquired through land acquisition proceedings and the possession of the same lies with the appellantBoard. The claim of the respondentsplaintiffs over the suit land was hence illegal and they were enjoying the same unlawfully and without a valid title. The appellantBoard therefore sought to evict the respondentsplaintiffs from the suit land. Further, they claimed that the suit is barred under Section 92 and Section 62 of the Bihar State Housing Board Act and Rules. The plaintiffs suit for mere injunction is not maintainable without seeking the relief of declaration of title and hence the Courts below erred in decreeing the suit. 8. On the other hand, the counsel for the respondents has submitted that the suit land was a private property and respondent No.1 herein got the ownership rights by virtue of a registered sale deed No. 2343 executed on 7th August, 1990 and since then the property has been in his possession. He could prove his possession and prima facie title to the property. It is further stated that without claiming the relief of declaration of title, he can maintain the suit for mere injunction and Courts below have rightly and concurrently found that he is in possession of the property. 9. We have heard the learned counsel for the appellant and the respondent and perused the material available on record. In view of the concurrent finding of facts by the courts below we are conscious of the limited scope of adjudication in this appeal. 10. The issue that fall for our consideration is: Whether the suit for permanent injunction is maintainable when the defendant disputes the title of the plaintiff? 11. It is well settled by catena of Judgments of this Court that in each and every case where the defendant disputes the title of the plaintiff it is not necessary that in all those cases plaintiff has to seek the relief of declaration. A suit for mere injunction does not lie only when the defendant raises a genuine dispute with regard to title and when he raises a cloud over the title of the plaintiff, then necessarily in those circumstances, plaintiff cannot maintain a suit for bare injunction. 12. In the facts of the case the defendantBoard by relying upon the land acquisition proceedings and the possession certificate could successfully raise cloud over the title of the plaintiff and in those circumstances plaintiff ought to have sought for the relief of declaration. The Courts below erred in entertaining the suit for injunction.

Decision reasoning: 1[ds]9. We have heard the learned counsel for the appellant and the respondent and perused the material available on record. In view of the concurrent finding of facts by the courts below we are conscious of the limited scope of adjudication in this appeal.11. It is well settled by catena of Judgments of this Court that in each and every case where the defendant disputes the title of the plaintiff it is not necessary that in all those cases plaintiff has to seek the relief of declaration. A suit for mere injunction does not lie only when the defendant raises a genuine dispute with regard to title and when he raises a cloud over the title of the plaintiff, then necessarily in those circumstances, plaintiff cannot maintain a suit for bare injunction.12. In the facts of the case the defendantBoard by relying upon the land acquisition proceedings and the possession certificate could successfully raise cloud over the title of the plaintiff and in those circumstances plaintiff ought to have sought for the relief of declaration. The Courts below erred in entertaining the suit for injunction.