Case: Govind Sugar Mills Ltd. & Anr Vs. Hind Mazdoor Sabha & Ors

Untwala, J.1. This is an appeal by special leave. It is said that by a notification dated 27-4-1961 issued under Section 3 (b) of the U. P. Industrial Disputes Act - U. P. Act XXVIII of 1947 - hereinafter called the Act, the recommendations of the First Sugar Wage Board were directed to come in force with effect from November 1, 1960. Certain Sugar Mills including the appellants are said to have refused to implement the provisions of the notification dated 27-4-1961. This gave rise to an industrial dispute. Eventually the State Government of Uttar Pradesh by its order dated 22-9-1966 refused to make a reference for adjudication of the dispute under Section 4-K of the Act. Respondent No. 1 filed a writ application in the Allahabad High Court under Article 226 of the Constitution of India asking for a writ of certiorari to quash the order of the Government dated 22-6-1966 and a writ of mandamus directing them to make a reference. A learned single Judge of the High Court dismissed the writ application. But the same was allowed in a Special Appeal by a Bench of the High Court. The two appellants approached this Court for grant of special leave. It was granted limited to the question as to whether the High Court was justified in giving directions to respondents 1 and 2 to refer the dispute of the workmen for adjudication under S. 4K of the U.P. Industrial Disputes Act."2. In the Special Appeal the High Court has taken the view following the decision of this Court in State of Uttar Pradesh v. Basti Sugar Mills Co. Ltd., (1961) 2 SCR 330 =AIR 1961 SC 420 ) that when action was taken under Section 3 (b) of the Act it was obligatory for the State Government to make a reference under Section 4K for adjudication of the Industrial dispute raised in relation to the said action. The High Court on a consideration of the entire facts and circumstances of the case allowed the writ petition and quashed the order of the State Government dated 22-6-1966 by grant of a writ of certiorari. In this appeal since the special leave was granted on a limited question we are not called upon to interfere with the said portion of the order of the High Court. But it further directed the State Government and the Labour Commissioner to refer the dispute for adjudication in exercise of their power under S. 4K of the Act. It seems to have been so done on the view that it was obligatory for the State Government to do so after the issuance of the notification under Section 3 (b) of the Act. In our opinion this was not correct.3. The decision of this Court in the case of Basti Sugar Mills (1961) 2 SCR 330 = (AIR 1961 SC 420 ) (supra) was given with reference to clause (d) of Section 3 of the Act as it stood prior to the amendment made by U. P. Act I of 1957. By the said amending Act, clause (d) was dropped and substituted by another cl. (d) with which we are not concerned and the provision of making a reference was made in Section 4K. Section 4K of the Act is in pari materia with Section 10 (1) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 - Central Act XIV of 1947. It has been pointed out by this Court in the case of Bombay Union of Journalists v. State of Bombay, (1964) 6 SCR 22 = (AIR 1964 SC 1617 ) that the power of the Government under Section 10 (1) of the Central Act is discretionary and it is open to the Government under certain circumstances by taking into consideration the relevant factors to refuse to make a reference. Section 4K of the Act divorced from the context and set up of Section 3 stands on the same footing. Clause (d) of Section 3 as it stood in the Act before 1957 was so interwoven and inter-connected with the exercise of the power in clause (b) that it led this Court to opine that a writ of mandamus could be issued directing the State Government to make a reference under Section 3 (d) of the Act as it stood before the 1957 amendment. In our judgment, however, the position has changed after the amendment brought about in the year 1957.4.In the judgment of this Court delivered a few days ago, namely M/s, Mahabir Jute Mills Ltd., Gorakhpore v. Shri Shibban Lal Saxena, Civil Appeal No. 781 of 1973, (judgment D/- 30-7-1975) it has been held on a consideration of the provisions of law contained in Section 4K of the Act that after quashing the order of the Government refusing to make a reference the High Court could ask the Government to reconsider the matter but it could not give peremptory directions to make a reference. We may, however, take note of a sentence occurring in the judgment of this court in the case of Bombay Union of Journalists, (1964) 6 SCR 22 at p. 35 = (AIR 1964 SC 1617 at p. 1624) which reads thus:"If the appropriate Government refuses, to make a reference for irrelevant considerations, or on extraneous grounds, or acts mala fide, that, of course, would be another matter; in such a case a party would be entitled to move the High Court for a writ of mandamus."We think what was meant to be conveyed by the sentence aforesaid was that the party would be entitled to move the High Court for interfering with the order of the Government and not necessarily for the issuance of a writ of mandamus to direct the Government to make a reference. The mandamus would be to reconsider the matter. It does not seem to be quite reasonable to take the view that after the refusal of the Government to make a reference is quashed a writ of mandamus to make a reference must necessarily follow. The matter has still to be left for the exercise of the power by the Government on relevant considerations in the light of the judgment quashing the order of refusal.

Decision reasoning: 1[ds]In this appeal since the special leave was granted on a limited question we are not called upon to interfere with the said portion of the order of the High Court. But it further directed the State Government and the Labour Commissioner to refer the dispute for adjudication in exercise of their power under S. 4K of the Act. It seems to have been so done on the view that it was obligatory for the State Government to do so after the issuance of the notification under Section 3 (b) of the Act. In our opinion this was not correct.Clause (d) of Section 3 as it stood in the Act before 1957 was so interwoven and inter-connected with the exercise of the power in clause (b) that it led this Court to opine that a writ of mandamus could be issued directing the State Government to make a reference under Section 3 (d) of the Act as it stood before the 1957 amendment. In our judgment, however, the position has changed after the amendment brought about in the year 1957.4.In the judgment of this Court delivered a few days ago, namely M/s, Mahabir Jute Mills Ltd., Gorakhpore v. Shri Shibban Lal Saxena, Civil Appeal No. 781 of 1973, (judgment D/- 30-7-1975) it has been held on a consideration of the provisions of law contained in Section 4K of the Act that after quashing the order of the Government refusing to make a reference the High Court could ask the Government to reconsider the matter but it could not give peremptory directions to make a reference.We think what was meant to be conveyed by the sentence aforesaid was that the party would be entitled to move the High Court for interfering with the order of the Government and not necessarily for the issuance of a writ of mandamus to direct the Government to make a reference. The mandamus would be to reconsider the matter. It does not seem to be quite reasonable to take the view that after the refusal of the Government to make a reference is quashed a writ of mandamus to make a reference must necessarily follow. The matter has still to be left for the exercise of the power by the Government on relevant considerations in the light of the judgment quashing the order of refusal.