Question: has the capital of england always been london

Answer: No, In the early 10th century the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, united by Æthelstan (r. 927--939), became part of the North Sea Empire of Cnut the Great, a personal union between England, Denmark and Norway. The Norman conquest of England in 1066 led to the transfer of the English capital city and chief royal residence from the Anglo-Saxon one at Winchester to Westminster, and the City of London quickly established itself as England's largest and principal commercial centre.