Question: Scientists measured the patterns of spectral lines given off by distant galaxies and concluded that almost all of these galaxies are moving away from Earth. What did the scientists observe directly?

  Options: 
 A. a shift toward longer wavelengths of light
 B. a shift toward shorter wavelengths of light
 C. the absence of wavelengths in the visible light range
 D. the compression of wavelengths in the visible light range
Answer: A