Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
could pre-operative rectal misoprostol reduce intra-operative blood loss during ceserean section?

Conditions: Postpartum Haemorrhage

Summary: * misoprostol reduces the uterine bleeding after cesarean delivery without harmful effects on either mother or baby. * the aim of the this study is to address if there is any benefits 'regarding the intra-operative blood loss' from preoperative rectal administration of 400 mic of misoprostol in addition to the routinely administrated 10 units of oxytocin

research question: in women undergoing elective ceserean section, is preoperative 400 mic misoprostol reduce intra-operative blood loss? research hypothesis: pre-operative misoprostol doesn't reduce intraoperative blood loss in women undergoing ceserean section

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 38-41 weeks of amenorrhea * scheduled for elective lower segment cesarean section exclusion criteria: * confirmed intrauterine fetal death * more than previous 2 ceserean sections * multiple pregnancy * antepartum haemorrhage * self-reported maternal heart disease * current diagnosis of severe malaria or acute bacterial infection
safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics,pharmacodynamics study of laps-exendin in subjects of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: the purpose of this study is to investigate the safety and tolerability of repeated doses of hm11260c when given different regimens in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm) on stable metformin monotherapy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * is male or female and 18 to 65 years of age, inclusive, at screening * has a history of t2dm and a stable dose of metformin * has hba1c levels at screening between 7% and 10% exclusion criteria: * is pregnant or lactating * has type 1 diabetes * has a significant change in body weight in the 3 months before screening * has a fasting plasma glucose level greater than 240 mg/dl (13.3 mmol/l) at screening * has an estimated glomerular filtration rate rate \ 30 mg/g. * has alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase values \>2.0 × upper limit of normal or total bilirubin \>1.5 × upper limit of normal unless the subject has a known history of gilbert's syndrome * has fasting serum triglycerides \>400 mg/dl (\>4.52 mmol/l) or \>250 mg/dl (\>2.85 mmol/l) if not on stable lipid-lowering therapy for at least 4 weeks prior to screening, or has calcitonin ≥50 ng/l. subjects with a history of fredrickson's type i, iv or v hyperlipidemia will be excluded. * has any history of gi intolerance, chronic diarrhea, inflammatory bowel disease, partial bypass or gastric banding * has any acute illness within 5 days before first study drug administration * has elevated amylase, ongoing cholelithiasis, cholecystitis at screening, or history of pancreatitis * is a heavy tobacco user(more than 10 cigarettes a day) * is a heavy alcohol user * has a positive screen for drugs of abuse
travoprost 0.004%/timolol 0.5% versus latanoprost 0.005%/timolol in chinese patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension

Conditions: Open-angle Glaucoma; Ocular Hypertension

Summary: eligible patients will be randomized in a 1.1 ratio to receive travoprost 0.004%/timolol 0.5% once daily or latanoprost 0.005%/timolol 0.5% once a day for 8 weeks. the study treatments will be compared for mean diurnal intraocular pressure (iop) change from baseline at week 8. safety parameters measured at 4 study visits: ocular signs, visual acuity, dilated fundus, cardiovascular parameters (blood pressure and pulse), and adverse events.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients of either sex and any race, 18 years of age or older, diagnosed with open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension who are not sufficiently responsive to topical beta-blockers or prostaglandin analogues. * patients must meet the following iop criteria in at least one eye. for each qualifying eye, the mean iop should be ≥21 mmhg at 9 am and 11 am time points at the eligibility visit * the mean iop in either eye at the eligibility visit must not be greater than 35 mmhg at any time point. exclusion criteria: * patients with any form of glaucoma other than open-angle glaucoma (with or without a pigment dispersion or pseudoexfoliation component) or ocular hypertension. * patients with iridocorneal angle shaffer grade \< 2 (extreme narrow angle with complete or partial closure) angle in either eye, as measured by gonioscopy * patients with a cup/disc ratio greater than 0.80 (horizontal or vertical measurement) in either eye. * patients with severe central visual field loss in either eye. severe central field loss is defined as a sensitivity of ≤ 10 db in at least 2 of the 4 visual field test points closest to the point of fixation. * current chronic, recurrent or severe inflammatory eye disease (e.g., scleritis, uveitis, herpes keratitis), or current other severe ocular pathology (including severe dry eye) that would affect the conduct of the study. * history of ocular trauma within the past 6 months. * intraocular surgery within the past 3 months. * ocular laser surgery within the past 3 months. * best-corrected visual acuity score worse than 55 etdrs letters read (equivalent to approximately 20/80 snellen or 0.25 decimal) * current ocular infection or inflammation, or history of ocular infection or inflammation within the past 3 months, as determined by patients' history and/or examination. * history of or current clinically relevant or progressive retinal disease, such as retinal degeneration, diabetic retinopathy or retinal detachment. * any abnormality preventing reliable applanation tonometry.

Keywords: glaucoma intraocular pressure travoprost/timolol timolol
the discovery of the double sphincter in gallbladder

Conditions: Gallstone

Summary: we found a new double sphincter which located in the neck of gallbladder，we supposed it may be related to control pressure of bile duct.its formation is related to genetic factors.

to contrast the recurrence rate of gallstones between patients with gallbladder double sphincter and patients with general gallbladder sphincter who underwent the treatment of cholecystolithiasis by minimally invasive cholecystolithotomy with gallbladder reservation. method:patients with gallbladder double sphincter and patients with general gallbladder sphincter who underwent the treatment of cholecystolithiasis by minimally invasive cholecystolithotomy with gallbladder reservation in the affiliated hospital of guiyang medical college from may 2012 to december 2015. we collect these patients' bile during surgery.patients with gallbladder double sphincter as trial group, patients with general gallbladder sphincter as control group.the overall follow-up period is 3 years. then the investigators statistically analyze improvement of cholecystolithiasis symptoms, thickness of gall bladder wall, the gallbladder function and the rate of the recurrence of cholesterol gallstone in 2 groups.we also analysis of the genetic differences from bile between two groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - people with gallbladder double sphincter exclusion criteria: - people without gallbladder double sphincter

Keywords: double sphincter in gallbladder recurrence rate of gallstones
sensing inner bodily state: understanding the role of interoception in obesity

Conditions: Obesity; Body Representation

Summary: successfully perceiving the flow of interoceptive cues and integrating them with exteroceptive information are fundamental aspects of countering the body's inherent instability and guaranteeing homeostatic regulation. this process deeply affects cognitive/emotional functioning and general health. recently, it has been suggested that an important signature underpinning obesity might be an interoceptive dysfunction in perceiving internal body signals and/or integrating them with information from the external environment. there is evidence that interoceptive deficits correlate with body mass index (bmi), but it is still largely unclear how different measures and facets of interoception are related to high bmi and eating behaviour. within this framework, it is mandatory to understand the role of interoception in obesity at perceptual, cognitive, and emotional levels. one open issue regards the relationships between interoceptive signals and the reactivity to external food cues.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * right-handed individuals diagnosed with obesity * in rehabilitative treatment at the istituto auxologico exclusion criteria: * concurrent neurological, neurodevelopmental (e.g., autism), motor, somatosensory and/or psychiatric disorders
the gastric precancerous conditions study

Conditions: Gastric Cancer; Intestinal Metaplasia of Gastric Mucosa; Helicobacter Pylori Infection; Atrophic Gastritis

Summary: gastric cancer afflicts 27,000 americans annually and carries a dismal prognosis. one reason for poor outcomes is late diagnosis, as the majority of gastric cancers in the united states are diagnosed at a relatively advanced stage where curative resection is unlikely. gastric precursors (such as atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia) are precancerous changes to the stomach mucosa which increases risk for subsequent gastric cancer. the gastric precancerous conditions study (gaps) is an observational study of patients at elevated risk for gastric cancer. investigators seek to recruit patients from endoscopy unit of stanford health care, a large academic network of hospitals and clinics serving northern california. investigators will recruit patients who are both symptomatic (e.g. dyspepsia) and asymptomatic (e.g. referred for screening), and individuals both with known precursor lesions (such as intestinal metaplasia) or at high risk for carrying precursor lesions. a component of the study is long-term follow-up of individuals with gastric precursors. this is to understand their risk factors for histologic progression and regression. during both index and subsequent endoscopies, the study team will collect biospecimens (e.g. blood, saliva, gastric tissue).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: subjects between the ages of 35 and 84, who are undergoing outpatient endoscopy for the following indications are eligible: abdominal pain, dyspepsia, iron deficiency anemia, helicobacter assessment, surveillance of suspected or known intestinal metaplasia, evaluation for family history of gastric cancer exclusion criteria: * cannot give consent * have history of gastric surgery * have history of solid tumor or bone marrow transplant * platelet count \ 1.5
the effect of su jok on dysmenorrhea

Conditions: Dysmenorrhea

Summary: this study aims to determine the effect of su jok application in reducing menstrual pain.the main question it aims to answer is -is su jok practice effective in reducing the severity of dysmenorrhea? the researcher will perform a sham application to see the effect of the application. participants will perform the application on the first day they have pain during their 3 menstrual cycles. they will evaluate and record their pain with vas.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * regular menstrual cycles (21-35 days) * have abdominal pain in the last three cycles * those who want to participate in the study as a volunteer exclusion criteria: * have any health problems that may affect the menstrual cycle (ovarian cysts, etc. * use hormonal medications

Keywords: dysmenorrhea pain su jok
single patient use of tocilizumab in systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Conditions: Arthritis, Juvenile Rheumatoid; Still's Disease, Juvenile Onset

Summary: the purpose of this study is to see if tocilizumab is safe and effective for treating systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sojia). another purpose is to see if tocilizumab helps reduce the amount of steroids (prednisone) needed to control symptoms of sojia.

systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sojia) is a type of arthritis (inflammation of the joints) that occurs with other symptoms including fever, swollen lymph nodes (glands), rash, and body aches. because sojia can be difficult to treat, children with sojia can have severe problems from long-term use of steroids (prednisone). these problems include low bone density (weak bones), fractures, failure to grow properly, and large weight gain. the arthritis that occurs in sojia often causes damage to many joints. this can make it hard to move around or do basic tasks like dressing. also, a life-threatening illness called macrophage activation syndrome (mas) can occur when starting, stopping, or changing drugs that are used to treat sojia. sojia can be hard to treat and many children with sojia do not respond to drugs that work for other kinds of arthritis. research doctors have studied a chemical signal called il-6 that the body uses to manage inflammation. this signal has been found to be very high in patients with active sojia. a drug called tocilizumab (tcz) has been designed to block il-6. for about 6 years, tcz has been tested in japan for treating sojia. it is now being tested in studies in the united states. these studies can have very strict rules for enrolling patients. this trial is a single-patient research study for a subject who otherwise does not meet the rules for enrollment in ongoing trials.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis according to ilar criteria (2001) * duration of disease ≥ 6 months since onset * presence of active disease as determined by the presence of at least 5 active joints, or at least 2 active joints if receiving prednisone at a dose \> 0.2 mg/kg/day or \> 10 mg/day (whichever is less) * incomplete prior response to methotrexate treatment for at least 3 months at a minimum dose of 15 mg/m2/week, or intolerance to methotrexate * discontinued treatment with other biologics prior to first tocilizumab infusion, for approximately two pharmacokinetic half-lives as per specific biologic (e.g. 48 hours for anakinra, 7 days for etanercept) * not receiving corticosteroids, or taking oral corticosteroids and the dose has remained stable for 1 week prior to the first tocilizumab infusion at ≤ 2 mg/kg/day prednisone or prednisolone and no more than 80 mg/day exclusion criteria: * concomitant administration of biologic therapies * serum creatinine \>1.5 uln (upper limits normal) * ast or alt \> 1.5 uln * total bilirubin \> 1.3 mg/dl * platelet count \< lln (lower limits normal) * hemoglobin \< 6.0 g/dl * wbc count \< 5,000/mm3 * neutrophil count \< 2,000/ mm3 * fibrinogen \< lln

Keywords: antibodies, monoclonal interleukin 6
preoperative vitamin d levels and respiratory complications of general anesthesia

Conditions: Vitamin D Deficiency

Summary: vitamin d deficiency is a commonly observed health problem in the world. with a role in many chronic diseases and especially lung diseases, the importance of vitamin d deficiency in anesthesia management is increased. this research aims to investigate whether there is a correlation between the respiratory complications occurring in patients under general anesthesia and preoperative vitamin d levels.

this study included 95 adult cases aged from 18-65 years operated under general anesthesia. the cases had total 25-hydroxyvitamin d (25ohd) levels identified in blood samples before the operation. patients given routine general anesthesia and postoperative monitoring procedures were assessed in terms of respiratory complications during anesthesia induction, extubation, anesthesia recovery and the first 24 hours postoperative. this research observed that patients with low preoperative 25ohd vitamin levels encountered respiratory complications related to general anesthesia more often. especially in the early postoperative period there is a very significant difference between complications and low 25ohd vitamin levels. our study results show that low vitamin d levels may be a potential risk in terms of respiratory complications related to general anesthesia causing severe morbidity and mortality increase. the results lead to the consideration that optimizing vitamin d levels in the preoperative period for patients undergoing general anesthesia may aid in reducing complications.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - american society of anesthesiologists i - ii risk classification, healthy adult surgery cases exclusion criteria: * thoracic surgery, those with severe respiratory, neuromuscular or endocrine system diseases, those with difficult intubation, morbid obesity, using vitamin d supplements and those who smoked

Keywords: vitamin d general anesthesia respiratory complications
effect of micropulse laser on dry eye disease due to meibomian gland dysfunction

Conditions: Dry Eye; Dry Eye Syndromes; Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

Summary: the modern treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction(mgd) is based on anti-inflammatory drops or oral antibiotics for decreasing dry eye disease (ded) associated inflammation, warm compresses for liquefying the thicker meibum, and lid hygiene for reducing the bacterial overload. but, such treatments have shown limited effectiveness to a large proportion of patients with mgd, due to the multifactorial background of the disease. thus, alternative approaches aiming at different aspects of the ded pathophysiology are needed. elimination of posterior lid-margin hyperemia with telangiectasia could be a treatment target for reducing the secretion of inflammatory mediators in the course of mgd. using the mechanism of photocoagulation via selective thermolysis, laser light could contribute to the destruction of abnormal vessels at the posterior lid-margin and thus, the reduction of inflammation. recently, sub-threshold (micropulse) laser photocoagulation was introduced in ophthalmology and offers significant clinical advantages compared to conventional continuous wave (cw) approach, preventing laser induced thermal damage and related treatment side effects. this study investigates the effect of sub-threshold (micropulse) laser treatment for dry eye disease due to meibomian gland dysfunction combined with increased eyelid margin vascularity.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18-80 years * chief complaint of more than one of dryness, foreign-body sensation, burning, and tearing for 3 months * diagnosis of mgd with palpebral telangiectasia in both eyes exclusion criteria: * ocular structural abnormalities * history of ocular trauma or surgery * use of any treatment for de or mgd, other than artificial tears, within the past month * active allergy, infection, or inflammatory disease at the ocular surface unrelated to de or mgd * lacrimal drainage-system anomalies * contact-lens wear * use of any systemic anti-inflammatory medicine

Keywords: dry eye meibomian gland dysfunction laser
evaluation of biomarkers to reduce antibiotics use in hospitalized neonates

Conditions: Late-Onset Neonatal Sepsis

Summary: late-onset neonatal sepsis (los), occurring in newborn of at least 7 days of life, is frequently observed in neonatal intensive care units (nicus) and potentially severe (mortality, neurologic and respiratory impairments). despite its high prevalence, a reliable diagnostic remains difficult. currently, nonspecific clinical signs that might be linked to other neonatal conditions, such as prematurity and birth defects are used to determine the diagnosis of los. laboratory results of biological markers, such as c-reactive protein (crp) and procalcitonin (pct) are often delayed in comparison with los onset. blood culture results are too late and lack sensitivity. excessive antibiotic use is observed in a large proportion of nicu hospitalized newborns. this results in an increased antibiotic resistance, microbiota modification, neonatal complications (pulmonary, ophthalmologic and neurologic) and mortality. the primary objective is to identify, on a cohort of 250 patients, the optimal biomarker combination with good diagnostic performance (i.e. with maximal area under the roc curve) to early exclude a los diagnostic in newborns of at least 7 days of life with suggestive signs. this identification will be carried out, as a secondary objective, with a sub-group of pre-term neonates whose birth weight is less than 1500 grams. the diagnostic value of the clinical signs that are suggestive of los will also be determined (sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values). once identified, the biomarker combination is expected to reduce unjustified antibiotic use.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients hospitalized in nicu; * patients with suggestive signs of los including at least one of the following: o fever \> 38°c; tachycardia \> 160bpm160 bpm; capillary refill time \> 3 seconds; grey and/or pale skin complexion; apnea/ bradycardia syndrome,; bloating; rectal bleeding; hypotonia; lethargy; seizures without other obvious cause; increased ventilatory support and/or increased fio2; cutaneous rash; inflammation at the needle-puncture site of the central venous catheter; * patients with a standard of care blood sampling, including at least a blood culture; * consent form signed by at least one parent/ legal representative. exclusion criteria: * patients treated with antibiotics for a bacteriologically confirmed infection at the moment of/ or 48 hours before blood sampling * patients who underwent surgery during the 7 days prior to inclusion * patients vaccinated during the 7 days prior to inclusion

Keywords: neonatal sepsis biomarker combination diagnostic antibiotic use newborn preterm neonates nicu
investigating significant health trends in the management of superficial vein thrombosis

Conditions: Superficial Vein Thrombosis

Summary: superficial vein thrombosis (svt) and venous thromboembolism (vte) are related entities. only in the last years a series of observational studies mainly conducted in france could show that ´isolated svt´ (without concomitant deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism) is in fact not a benign and spontaneously healing disease but bears a potential for severe thromboembolic complications once not treated adequately. insights-svt study aims at collecting representative data on the current management and outcomes of svt in germany under real-life conditions. it will document the implementation of the recently issued national svt guidelines issued by the society for angiology (dga) and the society for phlebology (dgp).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * confirmed, acute, isolated svt of the lower extremities * written informed consent exclusion criteria: * svt located at ≤ 3 cm of the saphenofemoral crossing (as such patients need to be treated for dvt) * subjects unlikely to comply with the requirements of the protocol (due to cognitive and/or language limitations) * patient(likely) not available for 1-year documentation