Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
ashby: accelerated super-hypofractionated breast brachytherapy

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare any good and bad effects of giving radiation treatment for breast cancer in 3 treatments over about 2 days.

this phase 2, single-arm prospective study has been designed to determine the safety of delivering accelerated partial breast irradiation (apbi) with a multicatheter interstitial implant in a short course over 1.5 days

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female * new diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ (dcis) and/or invasive breast carcinoma per histologic evaluation * age 45-79 at diagnosis * previous lumpectomy with surgical margins histologically free of invasive tumor and dcis as determined by the pathologist. * t stage of tis, t1, or t2. * t2 tumors must be ≤3 cm in maximum diameter * if the tumor is human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (her2)-positive, the patient must receive her2-directed therapy. * for patients with invasive breast cancer, an axillary staging procedure must be performed (either sentinel node biopsy alone or axillary dissection \[with a minimum of 6 axillary nodes removed\]) and the axillary node\[s\] must be pathologically negative. * note: n0(i+) is not an exclusion criterion. * note: patients meeting all of the following criteria are not required to undergo the axillary staging procedure: * ≥70 years of age * estrogen receptor, her2 = human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, pr = progesterone receptor negative (er+pr+her2-) * g1-2 * tumor ≤2 cm in size * agrees to comply with aromatase inhibitor recommendation * ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document in english exclusion criteria: * pregnant or breastfeeding * active collagen-vascular disease * paget's disease of the breast * history of dcis or invasive breast cancer prior to the current diagnosis * prior breast or thoracic radiation therapy (rt) for any condition * multicentric carcinoma (dcis or invasive) * synchronous bilateral invasive or non-invasive breast cancer * surgical margins that cannot be microscopically assessed or that are positive * excision cavity that cannot be clearly delineated per the treating investigator * any of the dosimetric treatment criteria defined in section 6.1 have not been met. patients who become ineligible due to inability to meet dosimetric criteria should not receive treatment as - defined in this protocol and will come off the study. any subsequent adjuvant radiation will be delivered at the discretion of the treating physician * medical, psychological, or social condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, may increase the patient's risk or limit the patient's adherence with study requirements

Keywords: breast cancer ductal carcinoma in situ (dcis) irradiation
efficacy of nicotinamide on retinal ganglion cell functions in glaucoma patients

Conditions: Glaucoma

Summary: efficacy of nicotinamide on retinal ganglion cell functions in glaucoma patients : clinical trial, cross-over design, double-blind, placebo-control, randomized, single-center study

not provided

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. adult(male or female) over 19 years who were diagnosed with glaucoma. 2. in the case of participants receiving glaucoma treatment drugs, the investigator judges that the intraocular pressure remains constant for at least 1 year. 3. intraocular pressure (iop) \>/= 8mmhg and \< 18mmhg in each eye using goldmann applanation tonometry prior to the screening visit 4. adult participants diagnosed and treated for early-moderate glaucoma (vf mean deviation(md) ≥-12 db) 5. have performed a reliable visual field in the last year, with \<33% fixation losses, false positives and false negatives. 6. written consent voluntarily to participate in this clinical trial. exclusion criteria: 1. patients with congenital glaucoma and secondary glaucoma caused by steroid drugs, etc. 2. bcva (best-corrected visual acuity) snellen equivalent of snellen 20/80(logmar 0.25) or less. 3. patients who have medical history of ocular inflammation 4. patients with any ocular/systemic conditions that may affect electroretinogram parameter, or with visual field defects(ischemic optic neuropathy, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration etc.) 5. patients who have plans to intraocular surgery within the clinical trial period. 6. patients with a history of significant ocular trauma within 6 months prior to the screening visit 7. pregnant or lactating women. 8. a person who disagrees to contraception during a clinical trial period. 9. patients with a history of malignancy within 5 years prior to the screening visit. 10. patients that other researchers are determined inadequately.

Keywords: nicotinamide inner retinal function retinal ganglion cell functions glaucoma vitamin b3 nam nrg1
role of gastric ultrasound in preoperative assessment of gastric volume in diabetic patients.

Conditions: Gastroparesis

Summary: background :an important risk factor for aspiration is gastric volume, determined in large part by gastric emptying. unfortunately, measuring gastric volume over time is not easy, and scintigraphy has remained the gold standard technique for many years. ultrasound has progressively emerged as a useful substitute due to its reduced cost and ease of performance objectives:assess whether ultrasonographic measurement of antral cross sectional area (csa) can be used reliably for the diagnosis of risk stomach which defined by a gastric content volume at risk of clinical consequences for pulmonary aspiration (i.e., presence of solid particles and/or gastric fluid volume \>1.5 ml/kg) during the preoperative period in longstanding diabetic patients. study population : * -longstanding diabetic patients (group d) * -non diabetic patients (group n) study design : prospective observational study this study will be conducted at kasr alainy hospital; faculty of medicine, cairo university.patients scheduled for elective operations need general anesthesia (ga) with endotracheal intubation in theatre of general surgery preoperative ultrasound to assess gastric residual volume then general anesthesia induction will be modified rapid-sequence induction as follow; group (d)/(n) : propofol 2-3mg/kg and fentanyl 1 µg/kg followed by rocuronium 0.6-1.2 mg/kg. suction of gastric contents by nasogastric tube (18 french) will be inserted first set of analysis will be comparing preoperative us findings in 2 groups. second set of analysis will be finding correlation between us findings and suction volume in two groups. outcome parameters: to assess the residual gastric volume in longstanding diabetic patients compared to non diabetic patients. sample size ; was calculated as 48 patients (24) in each group.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ages from 40 to 60 years old. * american society of anesthiologist (asa) ii. * diabetic patients with longstanding duration(more than 6 years). exclusion criteria: * age \ 60 years . * pregnant female * obese patients (bmi ≤40) * patients with gastric intestinal tract (git) diseases affect gastric emptying. * diabetic patients less than 6 years.
anterolateral versus posterior approach for total hip arthroplasty after displaced femoral neck fracture

Conditions: Femur Fracture

Summary: there are two surgical approaches (incision types) used by surgeons who do total hip replacements. the purpose of this study is to determine which type of surgical approach (incision type) produces the best results for patients who have a total hip replacement. null hypothesis : there is no difference in complication rate, functional outcome, surgical time, or blood loss when comparing outcomes in patients receiving tha to hemiarthroplasty or orif for femoral neck fractures.

patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty following displaced femoral neck fracture, will be consented and randomized to one of two surgical approaches ( anterior or posterior).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * displaced femoral neck fracture * age 65 years or older * acute, femoral neck fracture exclusion criteria: cognitive impairment * active infection * limited functional capacity (nursing home resident, non-ambulatory, severe cardiorespiratory disease) * limited life expectancy * pathologic fracture (tumor) * acetabular fractures

Keywords: surgical approach for total hip arthroplasty
influence of carob and probiotics on acute diarrhea in children

Conditions: Diarrhea

Summary: comparison of carob powder with probiotics vs oral hydration solution in diarrhea treatment in children.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * acute diarrhea exclusion criteria: * dehydration * chronic diseases * chronic diarrhea (more than 2 weeks) * septic shock * hypovolemia * on medication * pregnancy

Keywords: influence carob powder probiotics duration
the efficacy of tamsulosin in the treatment of ureteral stones in emergency department patients

Conditions: Nephrolithiasis; Ureteral Calculi

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of the α-adrenergic antagonist tamsulosin in the treatment of adult emergency department (ed) patients with ureteral colic secondary to lower ureteral calculus. we hypothesize that there will be no difference in outcomes for subjects treated with and without tamsulosin.

this prospective, randomized controlled trial seeks to compare outcomes for adult emergency department patients with lower ureteral calculus. subjects will be randomized to receive treatment with ibuprofen and oxycodone alone (standard therapy) or standard therapy plus tamsulosin 0.4mg orally once daily for ten days.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years of age or older; * able to read, write, and speak english; * able to use the nrs pain scale; and * computed tomography diagnosed single lower ureteral calculus exclusion criteria: * allergy or sensitivity to the study drug (tamsulosin hydrochloride \[flomax\]); * sulfa/sulfonamide allergy; * inability to provide informed consent; * lithiasis of the ureteral intramural tract; * acute or chronic renal failure; * fever; * presence of multiple ureteral stones; * peptic ulcer disease; * liver failure; * concomitant treatment with alpha-lytic drugs, calcium antagonists, nitrates, or vardenafil (levitra); * pregnancy; * breastfeeding; or * a history of urinary surgery or endoscopic treatment.

Keywords: nephrolithiasis ureteral calculi
evaluation and reconditioning of marginal lung donors to transplantation by ex vivo lung perfusion

Conditions: Respiratory Tract Diseases

Summary: only about 15% of the potential candidates for lung donation are considered suitable for transplantation. a new method for ex vivo lung perfusion (evlp) has been developed and can be used for evaluation and reconditioning of "marginal" and unacceptable lungs. the ´purpose of this study is to analyse the executability and safety of ex vivo lung perfusion pulmonary ex vivo in marginal donors.

donor inclusion criteria: * age \< 55 years-old; * smoking history \< 20 pack-year; * clear chest radiograph; * absence of significant chest trauma; * absence of purulent secretions and gastric contents at bronchoscopy; * pao2 \< 300 mm hg (fio2 1.0, peep 5 cmh2o) exclusion criteria: * lungs presenting po2 \< 400 mmhg after ex vivo lung perfusion

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \< 55 years-old; * smoking history \< 20 pack-year; * clear chest radiograph; * absence of significant chest trauma; * absence of purulent secretions and gastric contents at bronchoscopy; * pao2 \< 300 mm hg (fio2 1.0, peep 5 cmh2o) exclusion criteria: * lungs presenting po2 \< 400 mmhg after ex vivo lung perfusion

Keywords: cystic fibrosis chronic obstructive pulmonary disease pulmonary fibrosis
optical coherence tomography angiography assessment of retinal lesions in inflammatory bowel diseases

Conditions: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Summary: aim of the study;to record the vascular changes that may be present in the posterior segment of patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases(ibd) using the optical coherence tomography angiography

a prospective study of 30 patients suffering from ibd referred from tropical department from tanta university hospital -patients demographic data e.g., sex, age, concomitant systemic diseases will be recruited. presenting symptoms, physical examination results, laboratory and imaging findings, and received treatment of ibd will be recorded. accurate grading of disease severity will be carried out by gastroenterology specialist. all patients will be subject to full ophthalmologic examination and fundus imaging. imaging will include octa and fundus photography. octa will be performed using cirrus oct (zeiss, inc., usa). high-quality 6 x 6 mm octa macular scans and 3 × 3-mm papillary scan with strong signal-noise ratio and adequate centration on the fovea and optic nerve head respectively will be selected. segmentation will be used to evaluate superﬁcial and deep capillary retinal plexus projections in addition to the choriocapillaries. if errors in segmentation were detected, manual correction would be performed. the superﬁcial retinal capillary plexus (scp) will be delineated with an inner boundary at the internal limiting membrane (ilm) and an outer boundary 10 µm inside the inner plexiform layer (ipl). the deep retinal capillary plexus (dcp) will be segmented with an inner boundary 10 µm inside the ipl and an outer boundary at 10 µm beneath the outer plexiform layer (opl). the vessel density metric from enface oct angiogram will be used as an indicator of macular retinal and papillary perfusion. vessel density (vd) analysis computes the percentage of area occupied by octa detected vasculature in a measured area. choriocapillaries flow voids will be computed to assess choriocapillaries circulation

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis either newly diagnosed or suffering from chronic disease on treatment will be included exclusion criteria: * recent ophthalmological surgery. * low quality ophthalmological exams. * refractive errors greater than + 3 or - 3 spherical. * retinopathies such as diabetic retinopathy. * any type of retinal degenerations or retinal dystrophy.
abdominal ultrasound assessment in the post-cesarean patient

Conditions: Postpartum Hemorrhage; Postsurgical Bleeding; Abdominal Ultrasound; FAST Scan; Non-invasive Hemoglobin Measurement

Summary: this study is designed to see if abdominal ultrasound after planned cesarean delivery can identify women with ongoing intra-abdominal bleeding.

hemorrhage is the second leading cause of maternal mortality in the united states. women have an increased risk of hemorrhage after cesarean sections.uterine atony is the culprit in 80% of cases, but in the post-operative patient, an intra-abdominal bleed requiring a return to the operating room must also be considered. the focused assessment with sonography in trauma (fast) has been used in the emergency department to evaluate for intra-abdominal bleeding after trauma. fast evaluation has not been studied in the post-operative period for evaluation for intra-abdominal bleeding. ultrasound is a rapid and readily-available modality for this type of evaluation, and obstetricians are already familiar with the technology. but one must be cautious, as a certain amount of free fluid on ct is common in the postoperative patient. before basing clinical decisions on a fast scan, we much determine how much fluid is normal in a patient after cesarean delivery. we hypothesize that a certain amount of fluid in the abdomen visualized by ultrasound may be normal after a cesarean delivery, and that for ultrasound to become a valuable modality to assess for intra-abdominal bleeding in the post-cesarean patient, the amount of normal fluid must be determined. however, in order to interpret what an "appropriate" amount of fluid would be, we will also need an assessment of patient hemoglobin levels. thus, we would additionally plan to validate a rapid, non-invasive hemoglobin measurement for use in the post-cesarean obstetric patient. the pronto7 device measures the blood's absorption of multiple wavelengths of light to determine hemoglobin. the device avoids a blood draw and its associated pain. it also provides immediate results. we anticipate that we will identify an association between the amount of fluid seen on ultrasonographic evaluation after cesarean delivery and adverse outcomes such as larger than expected decrease in hemoglobin, need for transfusion and need for take-back to the operating room. we also anticipate that the use of non-invasive hemoglobin measurements may provide a rapid, painless assessment of postoperative hemoglobin; this may allow us to identify patients who merit earlier postoperative monitoring with a traditional cbc. it may also allow us to identify women who do not need an invasive cbc on postoperative day 1, which may decrease blood draws and costs in the future.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pregnant * 18 years of age or older * english-speaking * non-urgent cesarean sections exclusion criteria: * preeclampsia/eclampsia * \<18 years old * urgent/emergent cesarean section * not english-speaking * unable to consent

Keywords: postpartum hemorrhage postsurgical bleeding abdominal ultrasound fast scan non-invasive hemoglobin measurement
liquid biopsy-based monitoring system for relapse of hcc after liver transplantation: a multi-center and prospective study

Conditions: Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Summary: this study aims to develop a novel, reliable, liquid biopsy-based biomarker system for relapse of hcc associated with hepatitis b after liver transplantation.

relapse of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) is one of the leading causes of death after liver transplantation (lt). detection of cancer at an earlier stage of the disease can be critical to improve patient survival. liquid biopsy is a revolutionary technique that is opening previously unexpected perspectives. it consists of circulating extracellular vesicles, nucleic acids (dna and rna) and circulating tumor cells. the detection and isolation of circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor dna and exosomes, as a source of genomic and proteomic information in patients with cancer. regarding these promising and potential transformative tools, as well as the issues still needed to be addressed for adopting various liquid biopsy approaches into clinical practice. this study aims to develop a novel, reliable, liquid biopsy-based biomarker system for relapse of hcc associated with hepatitis b after liver transplantation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: transplants for hcc exclusion criteria: liver transplantation due to other disease
fluvastatin after heart transplantation

Conditions: Heart Transplantation; Hypercholesterolemia

Summary: statin therapy is a treatment with a proven positive impact on survival after heart transplantation. however, it is unclear whether the beneficial effect of this class of drugs depends solely on their ldl-lowering properties or on anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulatory properties. thus, this study was designed to compare safety and efficacy of two different strategies: 1. high fixed statin dose vs. 2. low starting dose with ldl-driven doses adjustments.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * de novo heart transplantation exclusion criteria: * known allergy/intolerance to fluvastatin; * preexisting neuromuscular disorders; * significant liver disease and/or elevation of transaminase exceeding 3 times the uln * severe renal impairment : creatinine \> 3 mg/dl * intellectual/cognitive impairment likely to compromise informed consent or adherence to protocol or age \<18 years. * patients refusal * pregnancy
research study comparing a new medicine "fast-acting insulin aspart" to another already available medicine "novorapid"/"novolog" in people with type 2 diabetes

Conditions: Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: the study compares 2 medicines for type 2 diabetes: fast-acting insulin aspart (a new medicine) and novorapid®/novolog® (a medicine doctors can already prescribe). fast-acting insulin aspart will be tested to see how well it works and if it is safe. participants will get either fast-acting insulin aspart or novorapid®/ novolog® - which treatment you get is decided by chance. both medicines will be taken together with insulin degludec. participants will need to take 1 injection 4 times every day (all insulins will be provided in pens). the study will last for about 8 months (34 weeks).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - male or female, age equal to or above 18 years at the time of signing informed consent. - diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus for 10 years or longer prior to screening (visit 1). - treated with a basal-bolus insulin regimen for 1 year or longer prior to the day of screening (visit 1). a basal-bolus insulin regimen is defined as basal insulin once or twice daily and bolus insulin analogue taken with meals at least 3 times daily. treatment with premixed insulin or soluble insulin combination is not considered a basal-bolus regimen. - treated with or without oral antidiabetic drugs including extended release formulations. - hba1c 7.0-10.0% (both inclusive) as assessed by central laboratory at screening (visit 1). exclusion criteria: - any of the following: myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina or transient ischaemic attack within the past 180 days prior to the day of screening (visit 1). - subjects presently classified as being in new york heart association (nyha) class iv. - planned coronary, carotid or peripheral artery revascularisation known on the day of screening (visit 1). - treatment with injectable glp-1 receptor agonists in a period of 90 days prior to screening (visit 1). - anticipated initiation or change in concomitant medications (for more than 14 consecutive days) known to affect weight or glucose metabolism (e.g. treatment with orlistat, thyroid hormones, or corticosteroids).