Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
c-peptide concentrations in type 2 diabetes treated with insulin; is it time to revise the treatment of type 2 diabetes

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Insulin

Summary: c-peptide is used to evaluate beta cell reserves. patients with type 2 diabetes are treated with insulin for different indications. other than beta-cell insufficiency and organ failures, insulin treatment is needed for a specified period. the investigators want to evaluate beta cell reserves in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with insulin for at least six months to see if that is the case. the investigators also want to compare the characteristics of these patients according to their beta cell reserves.

in patients with type 2 diabetes, initiation of insulin therapy is indicated in several conditions such as severe insulin resistance, acute metabolic decompensations, surgery, pregnancy, and progression of diabetic complications, and also when glycemic control cannot be achieved with effective lifestyle regulation and non-insulin antidiabetic medications. some of these indications are transient, and patients should be reassessed to choose the appropriate treatment options. clinical inertia is one of the new topics expressed in the recent diabetes guidelines. the investigators aimed to investigate the beta cell reserves of the patients with type 2 diabetes who are treated with insulin, to see if they have insufficient insulin secretion and if not, to compare their characteristics.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with type 2 diabetes who had been treated with insulin as a monotherapy or as a component of combination therapy for at least 6 months. exclusion criteria: * diagnosis of other types of diabetes, * end-stage renal failure, * history of renal transplantation, * diabetic acute metabolic decompensation, * decompensated heart failure, * advanced liver disease, * pregnancy, * acute or chronic pancreatitis, * pancreatic carcinoma, * acute infections, * use of medications that might affect glucose regulation (e.g. corticosteroids)

Keywords: type 2 diabetes c-peptide beta-cell reserve insulin use
efficacy and safety of intraarticular injections of hyalgan in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee

Conditions: Osteoarthritis

Summary: evaluate the efficacy and safety of hyalgan, at a dose of 20mg/2ml administered as 5 intraarticular injections at weekly intervals, for the sustained relief of pain and amelioration of joint dysfunction in patients of oa of the knee.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 1.male or female patients whose specific ages are \> 50 years old, in general health. 2.must be ambulatory (assistive devices allowed) 3.patient was diagnosed as oa of knee joint by american college of rheumatology (acr) criteria ; \[ ie,knee pain, and any one of the following:age\>50 years,crepitus, or morning stiffness\<30 minutes in duration \] 4.radiographic confirmation of oa with kellgren-lawrence ⅱ-ⅲ score (mild to moderate)at the target joint (anterior-posterior views) with predominance in the tibia-femoral compartment 5.vas score ≧40 mm for 50 foot of walking pain. exclusion criteria: * 1.patients with severe degeneration of knee joint with marked joint narrowing, marked varus or valgus deformity of the knee greater than 12 o. 2.patients with hepatic or renal failure, or other chronic severe diseases that can interfere with the outcome. 3.a known history of psychiatric diseases, significant neurological diseases, allergy or sensitivity to hyaluronic acid or avian protein. 4.patients receive steroid intraarticular injection, anti-inflammatory agents less than two weeks. 5.patients with joint disorders: inflammatory joint disease, specific arthropathy (chondrocalcinosis, joint effusion \>30ml), severe axis deviations or instabilities, joint or skin infections, joint prostheses of the lower limbs, symptomatic hip. 6.significant alcohol, drug or medication abuse as judged by the investigator. 7.pregnancy determined by clinical evaluation or urine testing for nursing women and/or women of childbearing potential not using a medically approved means of contraception (i.e., oral contraceptives, intrauterine devices, diaphragm or norplant). 8.patients who have taken any other "investigational" drug within one month prior to the screening visit.

Keywords: osteoarthritis hyalgan
binaural beat technology and rhythmical photic stimulation

Conditions: Depression

Summary: background many nurses must shoulder heavy workloads and often develop depressive emotions due to work stress. previous studies pointed out that binaural beat technology (bbt) and rhythmical photic stimulation can effectively improve negative emotions but there are very few related empirical studies. objectives this study examined the effectiveness of bbt combined with rhythmical photic stimulation in improving depressive symptoms in nurses. methods this is a randomized controlled trial and nurses in central taiwan were recruited as participants. these participants were randomized into three groups: bbt combined with rhythmical photic stimulation group, bbt group, and relaxing music group. the intervention period was 2 weeks, with 30 minutes per session. the beck depression inventory (bdi), pittsburgh sleep quality index (psqi), vitality and mental health scale (vt\&mh from sf-36), and heart rate variability (hrv) were used as parameters for pre- and posttest evaluation in this study. the wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to test if there are significant differences in various parameters in the three groups before and after intervention. the krusal-wallis test was used to test for significant differences in parameter changes between the three groups.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * (1) bdi score ≥ 14 points; (2) aged between 20 and 50 years, and (3) did not undergo antidepressant treatment within 3 months before intervention and during intervention. exclusion criteria: * (1) subjects with a medical history of mixed psychosis, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and dementia; (2) patients with current acute disease and unstable physiological status; (3) medical history of epilepsy; (4) patients with eye diseases; (5) vertigo (including meniere's syndrome); (6) hearing loss; and (7) participated in electroconvulsive therapy or transcranial electrical stimulation within 1 month prior to or during intervention.
influenza vaccine in lung transplant patients - t cells

Conditions: Influenza

Summary: this a sub-study of a 5-year study designed to investigate how antibody and t cell responses following influenza vaccine compare among lung transplant patients, patients waiting for lung transplantation, and healthy individuals. this trial is designed to investigate the hypothesis that there is no difference in t cell response to the influenza vaccine between lung transplant patients and healthy controls.

influenza virus infection causes significant morbidity and mortality each season. the infection is particularly serious in the elderly and those with chronic cardiopulmonary conditions. solid organ transplant recipients receiving immunosuppressive therapy may be at particularly high risk for serious influenza infection. lung transplant patients may have an even higher risk because of their underlying pathophysiology. influenza prophylaxis is extremely important in the care of the transplant patient. annual influenza immunization is recommended because protection is short-lived and the vaccine composition changes. however, the efficacy and effectiveness of this intervention is largely unproven. not surprisingly, studies have shown that lung transplant patients have lower antibody responses than healthy individuals do. to this end, this study tests the hypothesis that the influenza vaccine-induced t cell responses will be similar in lung transplant patients and healthy individuals. blood will be drawn prior to and 2-4 weeks after immunization and used to measure antibody responses by hemagglutination inhibition assay. samples will be collected in jan-april each season to study trans-vivo delayed type hypersensitivity (tvdth) response. \[this substudy that was originally registered to nct00205270 and subsequently registered to its own nct number for the purpose of clarity in linked results\]

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * post-lung transplant at university of wisconsin hospital * healthy adult exclusion criteria: * allergy to eggs * moderate to severe febrile illness * active treatment for acute rejection * received season's influenza vaccine prior to enrollment

Keywords: lung transplant healthy
cpap at delivery room for preterm infants

Conditions: Mechanical Ventilation; Retinal Disease; Death; Respiratory Tract Disease

Summary: the objective of the study is to determine if cpap applied within less than 15 min of life in the dr reduces the necessity of mechanical ventilation and surfactant during the first 5 days of life.

a multicenter prospective cohort of inborn preterm infants, born at 8 public university nicu in brazil, with birthweight 1000-1499 g, without malformations, not intubated at 15 minutes of life. preterm infants will be randomly assigned at birth to an early treatment group (dr-cpap), in which cpap of 5 cm water pressure is applied within 15 minutes after birth by neopuff, or to a routine group (rg), in which cpap is applied when indicated by the assistant physician. after transfer to the nicu, nasal cpap will be maintained with hudson prongs

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria:inborn. * birth weight 1000g to 1500g * no major malformations exclusion criteria: * necessity of intubation * maternal decision

Keywords: preterm infants nasal cpap delivery room newborn
the effect of perineural injection therapy in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome

Conditions: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Summary: carpal tunnel syndrome (cts) is the most common peripheral entrapment neuropathy with involving compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel. rather than other progressive disease, cts is characterized by remission and recurrence. although many conservative managements of cts, the effectiveness of these methods is insignificant or only persist for a short duration. recently, the ultrasound-guided perineural injection with 5% dextrose was widely used for entrapment neuropathy with positive benefit. however, current studies have not entirely proved the effects of perineural injection on peripheral neuropathy because these studies enrolled small number of patients and lacked controlled design. the investigators design a randomized, double-blind, controlled trail to assess the effect after ultrasound-guided perineural injection with 5% dextrose in patients with cts.

after obtaining written informed consent, patients of clinically diagnosed with cts were randomized into intervention and control group. participants in intervention group received one-session ultrasound-guided perineural injection with 5% dextrose and control group received one-session ultrasound-guided perineural injection with normal saline. no additional treatment after injection through the study period. the primary outcome is visual analog scale (vas) and secondary outcomes include boston carpal tunnel syndrome questionnaire (bctq), cross-sectional area (csa) of the median nerve, sensory nerve conduction velocity of the median nerve, and finger pinch strength. the evaluation was performed pretreatment as well as on the 2nd, 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th and 24th week after the treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 20-85 year-old. * diagnosis was confirmed using an electrophysiological study and ultrasonography exclusion criteria: cancer * coagulopathy * pregnancy * inflammation status * cervical radiculopathy * polyneuropathy, brachial plexopathy * thoracic outlet syndrome * previously undergone wrist surgery or steroid injection for cts

Keywords: carpal tunnel syndrome perineural injection dextrose
the effectiveness of influenza vaccine among health care workers in a hospital setting.

Conditions: Influenza Vaccines

Summary: the study will be held in the winter of 2005-2007. the aim is to assess the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine in health care workers (hcw).

the study will be held in the winter of 2005-2006. groups of vaccinated hcw and not vaccinated hcw will be followed for symptoms suggestive of influenza. for each event a quick through test for influenza a or b will be done and if positive will be confirmed by viral study. data regarding days of illness, absence from work, therapy etc., will be collected. effectiveness will be calculated as well as cost/effectiveness of vaccination.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * previously healthy health care worker vaccinated or not exclusion criteria: * immunocompromised state

Keywords: influenza vaccine effectiveness health care worker observational study
intrathecal catheter placement versus resiting epidural catheter after dural puncture in obstetric patients

Conditions: Analgesia, Obstetrical; Post-Dural Puncture Headache

Summary: epidural anesthesia represents the most popular method for pain relief during labour. unintentional dural puncture (udp) occurs in 0.4-1.5% of labour epidural analgesia, representing therefore the most common complication. up to 80% of patients with a udp may develop a post-dural puncture headache (pdph). when a udp occurs, two possible strategies have been proposed in order to ensure analgesia during labour: either resiting the epidural catheter in a different intervertebral space, or inserting an intrathecal catheter. both strategies proved to equally provide analgesia during labour, but their relative contribution in preventing pdph is still not known. the primary aim of this multicenter randomized controlled trial is therefore to compare these two strategies in the occurrence of pdph at 24 hours from the udp.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * confirmed diagnosis of udp during labour * written informed consent exclusion criteria: * refusal to participate in the study * history of pdph

Keywords: labor pain obstetric labor complications analgesia, epidural
surgical treatment of refractory open angle glaucoma

Conditions: Open Angle Glaucoma

Summary: the primary objective of this study is to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and performance of the suprachoroidal dissection instrument in creating a fistula between schlemm's canal and the suprachoroidal space in refractory, open angle glaucoma subjects.

the suprachoroidal dissection instrument (sdi) is a manually operated surgical instrument designed for use within schlemm's canal. the instrument can access schlemm's canal through a small ab-externo dissection, allowing use in eyes with scarring due to previous surgery or trauma.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * available for up to 3 years follow-up. * diagnosed with primary open-angle, pseudoexfoliative, or pigmentary glaucoma or more than one glaucoma diagnosis of these types. * subject scheduled to undergo glaucoma surgery with the suprachoroidal dissection instrument involving creation of fistula between schlemm's canal and the suprachoroidal space without combined cataract surgery. * subject has failed at least one incisional glaucoma surgery (trabeculectomy, tube shunt, deep sclerectomy, viscocanalostomy, canaloplasty) or angle surgery (trabectome) or is not a candidate for conventional glaucoma surgery due to reasons such as the presence of scleral buckle or compromised conjunctiva. * subject has iop ≥ 16 mm hg on maximally tolerated medications within the six week (-42 days) period prior to surgery. * visual field defect defined as mean deviation (md) score worse than or equal to -10 db on the swedish interactive threshold algorithm \[sita\] standard 24-2 humphrey analysis during the 6 month period prior to surgery. or subject has vertical cup-to-disk ratio ≥ 0.75 during the 6 month period prior to surgery. exclusion criteria: * significant lens opacities or patient is candidate for cataract surgery during the duration of the study. * the patient had developmental glaucoma or a secondary glaucoma including steroid-induced, uveitic, or neovascular glaucoma (with the exception of pigmentary and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma). * the patient has narrow angle component possibly associated with glaucoma in the operative eye. * the subject has angle recession in the operative eye. * significant ocular disease other than glaucoma affecting the assessment of visual function.
efficacy of embryo transfer procedure guided by transvaginal ultrasound versus abdominal ultrasound in oocytes recipients

Conditions: Infertility

Summary: the objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of embryo transfer procedure guided by transvaginal ultrasound versus abdominal ultrasound in recipients of oocytes as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the new technique.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * oocyte recipients. * uterus without previously detected anomalies. * patients able to understand the study requirements who want to participate during all its duration and that have signed the informed consent. exclusion criteria: * turner syndrome, black race (significantly lower implantational rates)

Keywords: female infertility with indication of oocyte reception
association between age-related macular degeneration and cognitive impairment based on exosome proteomics

Conditions: Age Related Macular Degeneration; Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI); Alzheimer&#39;s Disease (AD)

Summary: aim: preliminary serum exosomal proteomics of patients with dry age-related macular degeneration (amd) and mild cognitive impairment (mci) were analyzed using proteomics technology. methods: peripheral serum samples were collected from patients with amd, mci, comorbid conditions, and the control group. exosomes were isolated from these samples and analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms). differentially expressed proteins (deps) associated with the two diseases were identified based on fold change and p-value. deps were analyzed by gene ontology (go) enrichment, kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (kegg), and protein-protein interaction (ppi) network analysis. western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) were used to validate the deps of interest.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all dry amd patients were diagnosed based on the clinical classification of age-related macular degeneration issued by the american academy of ophthalmology. all patients with mci meet the petersen criteria, including memory impairment, no abnormal cognitive function, dementia, or some cognitive impairment in daily life. a mini-mental state examination (mmse) score ≥24 points and a montreal cognitive assessment (moca) score between 18 and 25 points were required. exclusion criteria: * the systemic physical exclusion criteria were as follows:(a) metabolic syndromes such as diabetes or obesity;(b) uncontrolled hypertension or hypotension;(c) serious cardiac disease;(d) neurological diseases, including parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, or peripheral neuropathy;(e) psychiatric diseases such as hallucinations or depressive disorders;(f) a history of brain injury, stroke, or substance abuse. the ocular exclusion criteria were as follows: (a) intraocular pressure(iop) \> 21 mmhg; (b) axial length(al) \> 25 mm or \ 5d of spherical equivalent refraction or \>3d of astigmatism); (e) concomitant ocular diseases, such as glaucoma or retinal detachment; (f) other genetic ocular diseases; and (g) other fundus diseases, including macular hiatus, macular edema, retinal vascular occlusion, or central serous chorioretinopathy.

Keywords: age-related macular degeneration mild cognitive impairment alzheimer&#39;s disease serum exosomes liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) differentially expressed proteins
natural history of patients with inherited retinal diseases due to mutations in rpe65 gene

Conditions: Leber Congenital Amaurosis 2; Retinitis Pigmentosa 20

Summary: rationale: in preparation for treatment with gene therapy, this study is being conducted in order to investigate the natural history of inherited retinal dystrophies (irds) due to mutations in rpe65 gene. such a study will help identify suitable patients for therapeutic intervention. methodology: this is a multicenter retrospective, descriptive chart review study designed to assess retinal structure and function in subjects with irds due to mutation in rpe65 gene by visual acuity, visual field measurements, optical coherence tomography (oct), and a number of other vision-related assessments.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * must be willing to adhere to protocol as evidenced by written informed consent or parental permission and subject assent. * subjects diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa or leber congenital amaurosis. * molecular diagnosis showing mutations (homozygotes or compound heterozygotes) in rpe65 gene. * age three years old or older. * minimum of two office / clinic visits encounters with ophthalmic assessment that span a follow-up period of at least 1 year with the last visit occurring within the last six months (before signature of informed consent and of study start). exclusion criteria: * unable or unwilling to meet requirements of the study. * participation in a clinical study with an investigational drug during the retrospective study time period (i.e., from 01/01/1990 to study start date).

Keywords: rpe65-related inherited retinal dystrophies natural history study
prevention of post-ercp pancreatitis by indomethacin vs diclofenac

Conditions: Post-ERCP Acute Pancreatitis; NSAIDs; Indomethacin; Diclofenac; Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

Summary: post-ercp pancreatitis (pep) is the most common complication after ercp, which was associated with occasional mortality, prolonged hospital days and increased health costs. some studies investigated the effectiveness of different nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (nsaids) for prevent pep. however, several high-quality rcts and meta-analyses consistently demonstrated only100mg rectal indomethacin or diclofenac significantly reduced pep incidence compared with placebos. thus, european society of gastrointestinal endoscopy, american society for gastrointestinal endoscopy and japanese society of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery guidelines recommended rountine administration of 100mg rectal indomethacin or diclofenac in unselected patients who underwent ercp. up to date, the mechanisms of nsaids in preventing pancreatitis were not fully elucidated. diclofenac and indomethacin showed similar inhibitory effects in phospholipase a2 and cyclooxygenase pathways. and the peak concentration of diclofenac and indomethacin both occurs between 30 and 90 min after rectal administration. however, diclofenac may be a stronger inhibitor of other pancreatitis-related imflammatory siginals (e.g. nuclear factor kappa-b) than indomethacin. recently, several meta-analyses found 100mg rectal diclofenac to be more efficacious than 100mg rectal indomethacin. despite these data, there is no conclusive evidence to prove that rectal diclofenac could provide incremental benefits over indomethacin from high-quality randomized, controlled trials. therefore, the investigators conducted a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of rectal diclofenac versus indomethacin for the prevention of post-ercp pancreatitis in average-risk patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18-90 years old patients planned to undergo ercp exclusion criteria: * allergy to nsaids * the administration of nsaids within 7 days * not suitable for nsaids administration (gastrointestinal hemorrhage within 4 weeks, renal dysfunction \[cr \>1.4mg/dl=120umol/l\]; presence of coagulopathy before the procedure) * previous biliary sphincterotomy and papillary large balloon dilation * acute pancreatitis within 3 days before ercp * hemodynamical instability * pregnancy or lactation * unable to give informed consent