Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
robotic-arm assisted 68 ga psma pet/ct guided prostate biopsy versus mr directed trus guided prostate biopsy

Conditions: Prostate Cancer; Prostate Neoplasm

Summary: the present study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy, radiation exposure, complication rates between 68ga-psma pet/ct guided robotic arm assisted prostate biopsy and mri directed trus guided prostate biopsy.

to compare the diagnostic yield of robotic-arm assisted 68ga psma pet/ct guided prostate biopsy and mri directed trus guided prostate biopsy in patients with pirads grading 4/5. to compare the visual pain index of the patients between two arms during the procedure. to compare the complication rates between the two arms during and after the procedure for a period of 2 weeks

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. pirads 4 and 5 prostate lesions and pirads \</= 3 prostate lesions with high clinical suspicion. 2. patients who are included in the study will be randomly allocated into either psma pet/ct guided biopsy or trus guided biopsy using simple randomization in rrapp exclusion criteria: 1. patients with acute prostatitis/ urine culture positive. 2. patients with pre-existing bleeding diathesis like hemophilia, coagulopathy defined by inr ≥ 1.2, and platelet counts ≤ 80,000/mm3 3. patients who refuse to provide the written informed consent 4. non-cooperative patients
comparison of surgical extrusion vs. fibre post restoration for crown-root fractured maxillary incisors.

Conditions: Fractured Tooth

Summary: a total of 124 samples was calculated to be sufficient with g\*power software ver 3.1.9.2 with effect size of 0.4 alpha probability error and power 0.95.with drop out estimate of 10% the final sample size decided was 140 samples. patients reporting with complicated(pulp exposed or pulpally involved) horizontal crown root fracture with loss of crown structure in maxillary incisors and radiograph evidence of supra alveolar tooth structure are recruited for study. informed consent from the patients or guardian as appropriate is obtained as suitable prior to treatment delivery. exclusion criteria were:patients not willing for recall visits, root with evidence of cervical resorption or roor canal filling, open apices, patient with systemic ailments rendering root canal treatment, compromised periodontal health, vertical or horizontal root fracture. pulpal condition of tooth was assessed using cold sensibility test(neosnow, orikam health care ltd, india.) amd confirmed upon access opening with teeth showing evidence of pulpal bleeding wad categorized as irreversible pulpitis and teeth with no evidence of pulpal bleeding categorized as necrotic pulp.

patients are randomly alloted to treatment groups. group i-root canal treatment followed by surgical extrusion of teeth till about 40%supra gingival crown structure is visible clinically. group ii-root canal treatment followed by glass fibre post placement (reforpost, angelus, brazil) and composite (charisma smart, germany) core build up with porcelain fused metal crown. post treatment visits are scheduled 6,12,18 months, scheduled visits were planned as close as possible to the study protocol, but for the purpose of data collection, any recall visit occuring within plus or minus 10% of the advocated time was considered aa occuring at that time. recall visit check up included clinical examination for mobility, periapical tenderness, gingival pocket depth estimation,bleeding on probing and radiographic examination. patients are asked to report immediately of any unforeseen circumstances arises in the restored teeth.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with complicated crown root fracture * patients willing for recall * good oral hygiene exclusion criteria: * patients not willing for recall * patients health rendering root canal treatment
real time microscopic imaging during robot assisted prostate cancer surgery

Conditions: Prostate Cancer

Summary: the study involves use of a device called an endomicroscope to obtain high resolution images of microscopic structures during robot-assisted prostate cancer surgery. this feasibility study is largely descriptive, and will use endomicroscopy to document the cellular and architectural appearance of tissue during minimally invasive prostate surgery for later comparison with features seen upon conventional histopathological examination of biopsies or resection specimens.

prostate surgery requires meticulous dissection around nerves and associated structures such as the bladder, seminal vesicles and vas deferens. nerve damage during prostatectomy can result in undesirable outcomes such as impotence and urinary incontinence. robot assisted minimally invasive prostatectomy offers enhanced visualisation of the surgical field. superior clinical outcomes in terms of length of hospital stay, blood loss, and oncologic margins compared with open surgery are reported. confocal endomicroscopy provides high resolution subsurface cellular imaging in real time and is already in clinical use in gastroenterology and under investigation in other surgical applications. a potential role exists for confocal endomicroscopy to enhance microscopic nerve identification intra-operatively and guide surgical decision making during robot-assisted prostatectomy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males diagnosed with prostate cancer and undergoing da vinci radical prostatectomy exclusion criteria: * patients under 18 years of age * patients with allergy or prior adverse reaction to fluorescein sodium * patients unable to give informed consent

Keywords: prostate cancer robotic surgery endomicroscopy
improving decision making for patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation

Conditions: Surrogate Decision Makers; Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation

Summary: deciding about prolonged life support for critically ill patients can be very difficult. therefore, the investigators are doing a study to see if an internet-based decision aid can improve the quality of decision making for substitute decision makers of patients who are in the intensive care unit (icu).

the process of making a decision about whether or not to provide prolonged life support is seriously deficient among clinicians and the surrogate decision makers for critically ill patients. to address this problem, we propose a randomized, controlled trial to determine if an innovative web-based decision aid compared to usual care control can improve the quality of decision making (defined as clinician-surrogate concordance for prognosis, quality of communication, and medical comprehension), reduce surrogates' psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress syndrome disorder (ptsd) symptoms), and reduce patients' health care costs over 6-month follow up. we will enroll 410 surrogate decision makers for 273 patients (expected average of 1.5 surrogates per patient). this study has the potential both to improve how clinicians and surrogates interact in intensive care units and to increase the likelihood that life support decisions are aligned with patients' values.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria (patient characteristics required for surrogate inclusion) * age ≥18 * ≥10 days of mechanical ventilation interrupted by \<96 continuous hours of unassisted breathing (including invasive and non-invasive ventilation) * no anticipation of imminent (24 hours) death or extubation by the attending. exclusion criteria (patient characteristics that will exclude surrogates from study enrollment): * possession of decisional capacity * no identifiable surrogate, surrogate is unavailable for study procedures such as interviews * imminent organ transplantation * chronic neuromuscular disease * physician refuses permission to approach family and/or patient for consent * admission for severe burns * admission for high cervical spine injury * ventilation for \>21 days. inclusion criteria for surrogate decision makers: * age ≥18 * self-identified as participating directly in health care decision making for the incapable patient under relevant state law exclusion criteria for surrogate decision makers: * do not personally know the patient * need translation assistance because of poor english fluency (the decision aid has not been validated in other languages) * history of clinically important neurological disorder (e.g., dementia) * patient dies after meeting inclusion criteria but before surrogates provide consent physician and nurse inclusion criteria: * icu attending or fellow (physicians) at the time of surrogate enrollment * bedside icu nurse present at the time of surrogate enrollment

Keywords: prolonged mechanical ventilation chronic critical illness decision making decision aid decisional support critical illness intensive care unit
internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy for adolescents with functional gastrointestinal disorders: a pilot study

Conditions: Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

Summary: this pilot-study aims to evaluate the treatment effects and feasibility of an internet-delivered cbt-program for adolescents with functional gastrointestinal disorders.

functional gastrointestinal disorders (fgid), including irritable bowel syndrome (ibs), functional dyspepsia (fd) and functional abdominal pain (fap), are common in adolescents and associated with impaired quality of life. in adults with ibs, internet-delivered cbt leads to reduced symptoms and increased quality of life, but studies in children are lacking. this pilot-study aim to evaluate the treatment effects and feasibility of an internet-delivered cbt-program for adolescents with fgid. method: pilot study with a pre-post-design and no control group. the internet-delivered cbt-program lasted for 8 weeks and included weekly therapist support, consisting of online messages and telephone calls. assessment points were baseline, post-treatment and 6 months follow-up. analysis: effect sizes and within-group differences were calculated in an intent-to-treat analysis using cohens' d and student's t-test.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 13 and 17 years old. * a diagnosis of a functional gastrointestinal disorder by treating physician, e.g. ibs, fd or fap. * adolescent and one parent should have easy access to the internet, some computer experience and good swedish language skills. exclusion criteria: * concurrent serious medical conditions or gastrointestinal symptoms likely caused by an organic disorder. * psychiatric diagnosis more urgent to treat than the abdominal pain. * on-going psychological treatment. * absence from school more than 20%. * on-going maltreatment, violence or severe parental psychiatric illness in the family. * pronounced language and learning difficulties depending on whether the youth was expected to benefit from the treatment or not.

Keywords: functional gastrointestinal disorders fgid recurrent abdominal pain abdominal pain pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders
the effect of azithromycin in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and chronic productive cough

Conditions: Cough; Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; Chronic Bronchitis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy of azithromycin to produce a significant change in the cough-related health status, measured with the dutch version of the leicester cough questionnaire in patiënts with copd gold classification 2-4 and chronic productive coughing.

this study is a prospective double-centre, double blind randomised trial. patients \> 40 years of age, referred to our outpatient clinic with chronic cough and sputum production due to copd will be recruited after informed consent is obtained. consenting patients will be randomises to a 12-week treatment with 250 mg azithromycin three times a week or placebo. before randomisation all patients have to fill in the sf 36 , sgrq and the dutch version of the leicester cough questionnaire (lcq) for assessment of the baseline quality of life and the disease specific quality of life. the lcq questionnaires will be performed at the beginning and every 3 weeks afterwards until 18 weeks, except the second lcq which will be filled in after 2 weeks. scores from this questionnaire will be used to calculate the 2-week repeatability. the sf 36 and sgrq will be performed at the start of the study and after 12 weeks. adverse events will be recorded during the whole treatment period. after 2 and 12 weeks a global rating of change will be performed. this questionnaire will be used to validate the lcq in copd patients. randomisation will take place using a computer allocation program (bami-computer) azithromycin and placebo will be provided by teva pharmaceuticals. placebo and azithromycin will be identical in appearance and packaging.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients \> 40 years of age, in our outpatient clinic with chronic cough and copd (gold2-4) * chronic cough is defined as a cough \> 12 weeks duration, at least 12 weeks a year in 2 subsequent years. * analysed for bronchiectasis prior to participation by ct-thorax. exclusion criteria: * prior history of asthma * use of i.v. or oral corticosteroids and or antibiotics for an exacerbation 3 weeks before inclusion * patients suffering from other relevant lung diseases. * clinically relevant abnormal laboratory values suggesting an unknown disease requiring further clinical evaluation. * liver disease, (alat and/or asat levels two or more times the upper limit of normal). * pregnancy or lactation. * use of macrolides the last 6 weeks prior to inclusion. * allergy or intolerance to macrolides. * other research medication started 2 months prior to inclusion. * prior randomisation in this study.

Keywords: chronic cough copd azithromycin zithromax lcq
bowel preparation for colonoscopy among individuals with crohn's and ulcerative colitis disease.

Conditions: Crohn Disease; Ulcerative Colitis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare how effective and how tolerable two different bowel preparation laxatives are for colonoscopy. the aim is to compare oral sulfate solution (oss) to another laxative called 2l polyethylene glycol (peg) solution to see which is more effective and more tolerable by individuals with ibd (crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis patients scheduled or about to be scheduled for colonoscopy. 2. age \> 18 years 3. out-patients exclusion criteria: 1. prior subtotal or total colorectal resection 2. contraindications to use of 2l polyethylene glycol (2l-peg) or oral sulfate solution (oss): known renal insufficiency, congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, severe electrolyte imbalance. 3. colonoscopy being repeated because of poor preparation in the preceding six months. 4. allergies to the employed bowel preparations 5. toxic megacolon, ileus, suspected or diagnosed bowel obstruction. 6. ibd patients thought to be too sick to undergo a full colonoscopy preparation in the opinion of the investigator/treating physician; hospitalized crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis patients. 7. pregnancy
covid-19 hyper coagulability care by lllt

Conditions: COVID-19 Pneumonia

Summary: covid-19 clotting safety

covid-19 patients have liability for hyper coagulability, low level laser therapy improve circulation and decrease liability for hyper coagulability accompanied with circulatory exercises .

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * bmi from 18.5 to 29.9 kg/m2 * moderate elevated percentage of coagulative factors for covid-19 diagnosis: * nasopharyngeal swab * sepsis induced coagulopathy score\>4 * d_dimer≥0,5mg/l * fibrinogen\>2,5gm/l * c_reactive protein≥10mg/l * lymphocyte count\<1,500mm3 * platelet count\<150,000mm3 * prothrombin time increase\>3sec * activated partial thromboplastin time increase\>5sec * same level of physical activity * patients can swallow tablets * ct scan screening method for covid-19 diagnosis * physical examination exclusion criteria: * hyper tension * cognitive impairment e.g (delirium) * diabetes mellitus both types dependant or non * disabled musculoskeletal disorders e.g hemi paresis * coronary artery diseases and heart failure * dvt * stroke, bone disease, renal failure, pulmonary embolism * vitamins deficiency * 6 months post large surgeries * alcohol intake and smokers * thyroid diseases
studying the relationship between contact lens packaging solutions and bacterial binding to surface eye cells

Conditions: Corneal Ulcer

Summary: the goal of this study is to investigate the overall theory that the use of chemically preserved solutions associated with contact lenses promotes an increase in bacterial infection.

the purpose of this study is to investigate the theory of bacterial binding to surface eye cells through the use of chemically preserved solutions.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age range: 18-38 years * any sex, race or national origin accepted as with our past studies. minority representation will be proactively encouraged. * no prior history of any contact lens wear within one month of entry into the study. * no history of allergic eye disease either seasonal or associated with previous contact lens wear. exclusion criteria: * any patient that is a current contact lens wearer. * patients with active ocular infection or inflammatory disease, history of herpetic keratitis, glaucoma, etc. * uncontrolled systemic disease or the presence of any significant illness or condition that could, in the judgment of the investigator, interfere with interpretation of the study results. * any patient using ocular tears, anti-histamine based ocular therapies, glaucoma therapy, vasoconstricting drops, etc.

Keywords: bacterial infection loss of epithelial cells
regulatory nebilet pms

Conditions: Hypertension; Heart Failure

Summary: an open label, multi-centre, non-interventional post-marketing surveillance (pms) to monitor the safety and effectiveness of nebivolol administered in korean patients according to the prescribing information

an open label, multi-centre, non-interventional post-marketing surveillance (pms) to monitor the safety and effectiveness of nebivolol administered in korean patients according to the prescribing information nebivolol will be administered to hypertension or chronic heart failure (chf) patients as described the prescribing information of nebivolol by physician's decision.

Eligibility criteria:
all subjects must satisfy the following criteria at pms entry according to kfda pms regulation: * subjects with indication in the prescribing information * subjects administrated nebivolol by physician's decision * subjects with no contraindication according to the prescribing information

Keywords: nebivolol pms (post-marketing surveillance)
vitamin d supplement in preventing colon cancer in african americans with colon polyps

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer; Precancerous Condition

Summary: rationale: chemoprevention is the use of certain drugs to keep cancer from forming. the use of vitamin d may keep colorectal cancer from forming in patients with colon polyps. purpose: this randomized phase i trial is studying a vitamin d supplement to see how well it works compared with a placebo in preventing colorectal cancer in african americans with colon polyps.

objectives: primary * to determine the accrual rate of african americans with adenomatous polyps to a 6-month randomized intervention trial comprising supplementation with either cholecalciferol (vitamin d3) or placebo. * to determine the compliance rates in patients treated with these regimens. secondary * to compare changes in pre- and post-treatment vitamin d levels in patients treated with these regimens. * to correlate vitamin d levels with vitamin d modifiers, such as levels of skin pigmentation, dietary vitamin d intake, and sun exposure in this patient population. outline: patients are randomized to 1 of 2 arms. * arm i: patients receive oral cholecalciferol (vitamin d3) supplementation daily for up to 6 months in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. * arm ii: patients receive oral placebo supplementation daily for up to 6 months in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. patients complete questionnaires about demographics, dietary vitamin d intake, personal history (e.g., ancestry, alcohol and tobacco intake, occupation, height, and weight), medical history (e.g., personal and family history of colorectal cancer and polyps), and ultraviolet radiation exposure. blood samples are collected at baseline and at 6 months for correlative laboratory studies. blood samples are analyzed for vitamin d levels by enzyme immunoassay. patients also undergo assessment of skin pigmentation in sunprotected and sunexposed areas of skin by reflectance spectrometry at baseline.

Eligibility criteria:
disease characteristics: * histologically confirmed adenomatous polyp * at least 1 adenoma * self-identified as an african american and undergoing screening or diagnostic colonoscopy at the university of chicago * no history of colon or rectal cancer or hereditary or familial colon cancer (e.g., hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer or familial adenomatous polyposis) patient characteristics: * total bilirubin normal * ast and alt ≤ 2.5 times upper limit of normal * creatinine normal * albumin ≥ 3.0 mg/dl * baseline serum calcium level normal * not pregnant * no history of thyroid disease * no history of renal stones prior concurrent therapy: * see disease characteristics * no other concurrent vitamin d intake

Keywords: colon cancer rectal cancer adenomatous polyp
effectiveness of 4% boric acid in distilled water versus clotrimazole solution in otomycosis patients.

Conditions: Otomycosis

Summary: otomycosis is a fungal infection that affects one, or occasionally both, of the ears. it mostly affects people who live in warm or tropical areas. it also often affects people who swim frequently, live with diabetes, or have other chronic medical and skin conditions. it is a pathologic entity, with candida and aspergillus the most common fungal species. \]various predisposing factors include a humid climate, presence of cerumen, instrumentation of the ear, increased use of topical antibiotics / steroid preparations, immune-compromised host, patients who have undergone open cavity mastoidectomy and those who wear hearing aids with occlusive ear mold. the infection is usually unilateral and characterized by inflammatory pruritis, scaling and otalgia.treatment recommendations have included local debridement, local and systemic antifungal agents and discontinuation of topical antibiotics. sometimes otomycosis presents as a challenging disease for its long term treatment and follow up, yet its recurrence rate remains high. according to thai national list of essential medicines for topical antifugal agents are: * acetic acid (2% in aqueous and 2% in 70% isopropyl alcohol) * boric acid (4% in distilled water) * gentian violet * clotrimazole ear drop. some fungal infections such as aspergillus may be resistant to the usual ear drops. they may require oral medications.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * symptomatic otomycosis. * microscopic direct examination and/or culture positive for fungus. exclusion criteria: * during usage of systemic antifungal drug * allergic to 4% boric acid in distilled water or clotrimazole solution