Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
supporting adolescent adherence in vietnam (saav)

Conditions: Adolescents; HIV/AIDS; Patient Adherence

Summary: the small rct will assess feasibility, acceptability, and impact of a real-time intervention on art adherence and clinical outcomes for hiv-positive adolescents. all subjects will use a wireless pill container (wpc) to monitor adherence. intervention subjects will receive a personalized triggered reminder (cellphone message/call or bottle-based flash/alarm) when they miss a dose, and engage in monthly counseling sessions informed by their adherence data. comparison subjects will receive usual care and an offer of counseling at monthly clinic visits.

a major priority in hiv care and treatment is identifying effective interventions for adolescent patients, including those that make use of new technologies, to help them achieve and maintain high levels of adherence to antiretroviral treatment (art), particularly as they take responsibility for their own medication-taking in the transition to adult care. the research planned here will contribute to the scientific evidence base on approaches to support art adherence effectively among youth by 1) conducting formative research on adherence challenges among adolescents and refining options for a personalized adherence intervention package; and 2) implementing a small randomized controlled trial (rct) to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of a novel real-time feedback intervention that permits adolescent patients to tailor intervention features to suit their individual preferences.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * currently a patient at the infectious disease (id) clinic at national hospital for pediatrics (nhp) in hanoi, vietnam * between 12 and 17 years old of age and * expected to remain in care at the nhp for 7 months minimum * currently on art * live in the clinic catchment area * willing to provide informed assent, caregiver willing to provide consent * identified ás having adherence challenges (cd4, detectable vl, and/or clinician suggestion) exclusion criteria: * below the age of 12 years or above the age of 18 * not currently on art * live outside the clinic catchment area * not willing to provide informed assent, caregiver not willing to provide consent

Keywords: adherence adolescent hiv/aids vietnam
the research of the effect of sevoflurane on brain-protection of cardiac surgery in infants.

Conditions: Congenital Heart Disease; Infant, Premature, Diseases

Summary: to observe the effect of sevoflurane on the concentration of s100β and regional cerebral oxygen saturation in infants with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical diagnosis of congenital heart disease * undergoing heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass exclusion criteria: * pulmonary arterial hypertension * sevoflurane allergy

Keywords: sevoflurane s100β protein regional cerebral oxygen saturation infant
transparent cap-assisted spyglass for biliary stricture

Conditions: Bile Duct Stricture; Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography; Biliary Disease; Biliary Tract Neoplasms

Summary: the transparent cap-assisted endoscope has the function of fixing field of view and increasing visual space. it has been widely used in gastrointestinal examination and treatment. in this study, the investigators intend to apply transparent cap-assisted choledochoscopy to endoscopic biliary tract exploration and biopsy to investigate whether transparent cap-assisted choledochoscopy can improve operability, visual field clarity, and biopsy accuracy.

recently, endoscopy has become more widely used in clinical practice. a straightforward method of improving mucosal visualization involves attachment of a transparent cap to the end of the endoscope. it has been widely used in gastrointestinal examination and treatment.this is a before-after study. in patients with suspected bile duct stricture, tandem ercp combined with spyglass choledochoscopy procedures were carried out on the same day in random order, first without a transparent cap and then with a cap (without-to-with), or first with a cap and then without a cap (with-to-without). the differences in maneuverability, visual field clarity and biopsy accuracy of choledochoscopy with and without transparent cap were recorded to explore the application prospect of transparent cap assisted choledochoscopy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the indications for ercp. * written informed consent exclusion criteria: * underlying bleeding disorder * the platelet count less than 50×10\^9/l * serious cardio-pulmonary, hepatic or renal disease * intolerance to ercp * other high-risk conditions or disease (such as massive ascites, etc.) * pregnancy

Keywords: bile duct stricture ercp choledochoscopy transparent cap biliary biopsy
the effects of pork vs. chicken/fish in a dash diet on blood pressure regulation in middle aged and older adults

Conditions: Hypertension; Dyslipidemias

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine if the source of dietary protein (pork or chicken/fish) as a part of the dash diet affects blood pressure control in adults with high blood pressure.

high blood pressure is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke and affects 50 million people in the united states. making healthy food choices, such as those in the dash (dietary approaches to stop hypertension) diet, has been shown to improve blood pressure control in people with high blood pressure. the purpose of this study is to determine if the source of dietary protein (pork or chicken/fish) as a part of the dash diet affects blood pressure control in adults with high blood pressure.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female * age 40-75 * bmi 25-40 kg/m2 * systolic blood pressure 120-160 mm hg * diastolic blood pressure \<100 mm hg * non-diabetic, no acute illness * not following vigorous exercise program * urinary continence exclusion criteria: * age \ 75 * bmi \ 40 kg/m2 * systolic blood pressure \ 160 mm hg * diastolic blood pressure \>100 mm hg * diabetic, acute illness * following vigorous exercise program * urinary incontinence * current smoker
diabetes mellitus type ii and tissue oxygenation

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type II

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether diabetics have decreased amounts of oxygen in the skin compared to non-diabetic individuals, and if the amount of oxygen in the skin changes when given more oxygen to breathe around the time of surgery. to do this, the investigators will be measuring the amount of oxygen in the skin of diabetic and non-diabetic individuals who will be undergoing abdominal surgery lasting 2-4 hours. these measurements will be taken at three different times.

the goal is to test the hypothesis that: 1) perioperative subcutaneous oxygenation (psqo2) is lower in diabetic than non-diabetic patients; and, 2) supplemental oxygen provides less benefit in diabetic than non-diabetic patients. we propose a prospective case-control study which will include 30 type ii diabetics matched for age, sex, and race to 30 non-diabetic controls. patients will be preselected from a population undergoing abdominal surgery and given supplemental inspired oxygen of 30 - 80% to pao2 of approximately 150mmhg and/or 300mmhg at three timepoints in the perioperative period. psqo2 will be measured with an iv-sized probe inserted through a small incision made in the skin. data will be recorded and analyzed using unpaired two tailed t-test, wilcoxon's ranked sum test, or repeated-measures analysis of variance (anova) test as appropriate.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: we will include 30 patients who have more than a five-year history of insulin-dependent type-2 diabetes mellitus and 30 non-diabetic patients meeting the following criteria: * 35 - 65 yrs old * bmi \< 30 * asa class i - iii * abdominal surgery scheduled to last between 2- 4 hours for non-diabetic group: previous bmp within the last year demonstrating glucose \< 126mg/dl for diabetic group: * dmii defined as fasting plasma glucose of \> 126 mg/dl at time of diagnosis, now requiring insulin * at least one diabetes associated vasculopathy: coronary artery disease, diabetic nephropathy, hypertension, diabetic retinopathy, diffuse neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, or a history of stroke exclusion criteria: * pregnant * immunocompromised: hiv/aids, on immunosuppressant therapy for any reason, or post-organ transplantation. * infection or fever, or on glucocorticoids * malignancy currently requiring radiation or chemotherapy * liver or renal failure * pancreatic insufficiency, dysautonomia, thyroid disease, raynaud's syndrome, pathologic allen-test, or any coagulopathies * respiratory disease affecting ability to reach pao2 of 300mmhg: copd, emphysema, cystic fibrosis, asthma, pneumonia, pe * smoker within the past 6 months or current alcohol abuse * allergy to local anesthetic * for diabetics: dmi, other specific subtype, and gestational diabetics * we will also exclude patients with epidural catheter, to avoid the influence of regional anesthesia on tissue oxygenation \[37, 38\].

Keywords: tissue oxygenation perioperative outcome
long-term behavior change - 1

Conditions: Amphetamine-related Disorders

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine if different reinforcement procedures (i.e., schedules) produce different patterns of long-term abstinence from methamphetamine. we anticipate that the three contingency management conditions will promote longer periods of abstinence in the year following treatment relative to the standard control group. furthermore, we predict that the intermittent reinforcement procedures will produce longer periods of continued abstinence (i.e., long-term behavior change) in the year following treatment than the continuous reinforcement procedure. finally, we predict that the intermittent unpredictable schedule will produce longer lasting behavior change than the intermittent predictable schedule. methamphetamine use will be measured using urine toxicology and self-report of methamphetamine use.

briefly the four study conditions are: (1) standard treatment which consists of 16 weeks of psychosocial treatment, (2) continuous contingency management which consists of 16 weeks of psychosocial treatment with a contingency management procedure in effect during the first twelve weeks in which vouchers are made available after each provision of a methamphetamine-negative urine test, (3) intermittent predictable contingency management which consists of 16 weeks of psychosocial treatment with a contingency management procedure in effect during the first twelve weeks in which vouchers are available after the provision of every three consecutive methamphetamine-negative urine samples, and (4) intermittent unpredictable contingency management which consists of 16 weeks of psychosocial treatment with a contingency management procedure in effect during the first twelve weeks in which vouchers are available on one day each week (randomly selected after the first week) for the provision of methamphetamine-negative urine samples provided all urine samples since delivery of the last reinforcer were also methamphetamine negative.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * meet diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (dsm-iv) criteria for methamphetamine dependence * willing and able to comply with study procedures * willing and able to provide written informed consent exclusion criteria: * have a medical condition that, in the study principal investigator (pi's) judgment, might interfere with safe study participation * have a recent (past 30 days) history of suicide attempts and/or current serious suicidal intention or plan as assessed by the beck depression inventory (bdi) * have a history of violent criminal behavior or be on parole * any other circumstances that, in the opinion of the pi, would interfere with safe study participation

Keywords: adherence amphetamine-related disorders behavior therapy contingency management drug counseling health behaviors methamphetamine sexual risk behaviors substance dependence
lung cancer screening program using low-dose tomography and metabolomic evaluation in a public service.

Conditions: Lung Cancer

Summary: observational study that aims to evaluate the implementation of a lung cancer screening program in a smoker population included in a public heath service.

patients' clinical data (recruited from the outpatient clinics and wards of hospital das clínicas from the faculty of medicine of botucatu) will be collected in a specific form, developed to this work, containing the following data: demographic characteristics (name, age, sex, race, profession, marital status, monthly income and education), main diagnosis and diseases associated, assessment of comorbidities using the charlson index, and hospital health scale. anxiety and depression (had scale), use of maintenance medications, history of smoking (active or not, calculation of smoking load), body composition (mass index body- bmi calculation) and pulse oximetry measurement. all patients included will undergo low-dose radiation tomography and spirometry. all patients active smokers, who wish to stop smoking, will be referred to the outpatient clinic smoking cessation. specific measurements will be applied if there is a diagnosis of copd by spirometry (the bode index questionnaires, dyspnea index-medical modified research council, tc6) and patients will be referred to the outpatient clinic specific copd for follow-up in the service. subsequently, the anxiety and depression assessments. the tracking protocol will follow the recommendations of repeat the low-dose radiation chest tomography every year, if normal, until complete two years of follow-up. in this case, the patient will be discharged from the tracking. if the patient presents changes in the tomography, follow-up protocol according to the size of the lesions will be carried out. morbidity and mortality assessment will be carried out in patients diagnosed with lung cancer.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: age between 45 and 74 years old; smoker with a smoking history of at least 30 pack-years or former smoker who has quit smoking for less than 15 years; never having participated in a lung cancer screening program; signing of the free and informed consent form. exclusion criteria: patients with chronic diseases (cardiovascular, pulmonary, hepatic, renal or metabolic) at an advanced stage that limit life expectancy or make it impossible to perform a curative surgical procedure; patients being treated for tuberculosis or other granulomatous diseases; patients diagnosed with previous neoplasm(s) that could develop lung metastases; pregnant women; patients who, for some reason, are unable to undergo low-dose chest computed tomography; patients previously submitted to thoracic radiotherapy.

Keywords: observational; lung cancer; screening;
cranial electrotherapy stimulation in the treatment of migraine headaches

Conditions: Migraine

Summary: cranial electrotherapy stimulation (ces) may be a safe adjunct to medical treatment for pain relief in migraine patients. however, despite the number of ces studies done, many have been open label, single blinded, or have utilized a small group of patients.

this study will evaluate the efficacy of the fisher wallace cranial stimulator in persons with chronic migraine who have not achieved satisfactory pain control on their current medications.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects satisfying the ihs (international headache society) criteria for migraine * subjects have not achieved satisfactory pain control on their current medication * ability to maintain a daily headache diary * stable medication use related to migraine for at least 4 weeks prior to enrollment in the study exclusion criteria: * previous exposure to or experience with cranial electrotherapy stimulation (ces) * contraindications to fisher wallace stimulator, such as cardiac pacemakers or implantable defibrillators, known or suspected heart disease, or pregnancy * seizure disorders
evaluation of the effect of autologous fat and svf transplantation in promoting mechanical-stretch induced in vivo skin regeneration

Conditions: Scar

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluating whether autologous grafted fat transplantation or svf transplantation is safe and/or effective to accelerating skin regeneration and soft tissue expansion.

reconstruction of large scale skin defect is a challenge to clinical surgeons. soft tissue expansion has won wide attention in recent years as it promotes skin regeneration with perfectly matched tissue. however, some patients with poor skin regenerative ability would suffer from skin flap over-thinned and even necrosis under the continuous stretching by silicone expander. this study is to evaluate the effects of autologous fat graft/svf transplantation on accelerating skin regeneration and promoting tissue expansion process. patients aged between 18 to 60 years old who appear with deteriorated expanded skin will be enrolled and randomized into three groups, named as the experimental group and the control group. patients from the fat-graft group will have a liposuction and subdermal fat graft transplantation. patients from the svf-transplantation group will have a liposuction and svf will be separated and transplanted intradermally to expanded skin. patients from the control group will have saline injection.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * inclusion criteria: * age of 18 to 60 years; * expanding skin donor site at the face, neck, anterior chest wall, abdominal wall or back; * implanted silicone expander of 80 to 600 ml in size; * history of deterioration in the expanded skin texture that did not improve after the inflation procedure was suspended for more than 2 weeks; * persistent high level of expander internal pressure; * need for further skin expansion; exclusion criteria: * not fit for soft tissue expansion treatment; * evidence of infection, ischemia, ulcer or other pathological changes within the targeting area which defined as not suitable for expansion; or history of delayed healing, radiational therapy; * significant renal, cardiovascular, hepatic and psychiatric diseases; * significant medical diseases or infection (including but not limited to the carrier of hepatitis b virus or hiv) * bmi \>30; * history of any hematological disease, including leukopenia , thrombocytopenia, or thrombocytosis; * history of allogenic bone marrow transplantation; * long history of smoking; * evidence of malignant diseases or unwillingness to participate.

Keywords: skin regeneration mechanical stretch
animated video consultation for reducing pre-operative anxiety in outpatient dermatologic surgery

Conditions: Dermatology/Skin - Other

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the addition of an animated skin surgery educational video to conventional in-person surgery consultation will help reduce pre-operative anxiety in patients awaiting outpatient skin surgery.

this will be an randomized controlled pilot study. subjects will be randomized to either receive an animated video along with conventional consultation or receive a conventional consultation only. pre-operative anxiety will be assessed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. male and female, at least 18 years of age 2. subjects scheduled to undergo outpatient skin surgery 3. subjects able to comprehend and read the english language. exclusion criteria: 1. subjects unable to or unwilling to comply with the study procedures 2. subjects unable to speak or read the english language.
leucovorin for the treatment of 5 q minus syndrome

Conditions: 5q Minus Syndrome; Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Summary: the 5 q minus syndrome is a condition that occurs due to a missing segment of chromosome 5 in the normal genetic make-up of the cells responsible for forming blood cells. the condition causes patients to have the inability to make blood normally. many patients with this syndrome need transfusions of red blood cells, platelets, and/or white blood cells. low levels of platelets may cause the patient to bleed easily and low levels of whit blood cells make the patient susceptible to infections. a small number of patients with 5 q minus syndrome develop leukemia, which is often untreatable with chemotherapy. researchers believe that one of the genes missing in 5 q minus syndrome is the gene responsible for making folic acid active in the body. folic acid is a vitamin required for normal blood production. the purpose of this study to test the effectiveness of a drug called leucovorin for the treatment of 5 q minus syndrome. leucovorin is an active form of the vitamin folic acid that does not require the missing genes to activate it. patients participating in this study may or may not improve with leucovorin treatment. however, the study will improve researchers understanding of the disease and may lead other potential therapies for the disease.

the objective of this protocol is to determine whether leucovorin treatment can normalize hematopoietic cell growth and differentiation in patients with 5q- syndrome which may lack the gene for dihydrofolate reductase enzyme.

Eligibility criteria:
all patients 18 years old and older with ra, rars and raeb who have a 5q deletion as their sole cytogenetic abnormality who require transfusion support with blood defined as needing at least one unit of packed red blood cells per month for greater than or equal to 2 months and/or thrombocytopenia defined as a platelet count less than 50,000, and/or severe neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count less than 500) are eligible, including patients that had been treated with chemotherapy or experimental agents such as retinoids, phenylbutyrate, amifostine, vitamin d, atg or hematopoietic growth factors. patients must not be transforming to acute leukemia (greater than 20% blasts in marrow aspirate). patients must not have had treatment with growth factors or any other experimental drug within 4 weeks prior to entry on protocol. patients must not have an ecog performance status greater than 2. patients must not have an active uncontrolled infection. no patients for whom bone marrow transplant is indicated as primary therapy. must be able to give informed consent. patients must not be hiv positive. patients must not be pregnant.

Keywords: hematopoietic dhfr enzyme anemia folic acid mds myelodysplasia myelodysplastic