Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
focal radiotherapy for previously treated prostate cancer patients

Conditions: Locally Recurrent Prostate Cancer

Summary: to examine the feasibility, safety and toxicity of focal stereotactic radiation treatment (sbrt) for locally recurrent prostate cancer.

participants must have biopsy proven locally recurrent prostate cancer. biopsy will be performed by a urologist. participants will have psma-pet (prostate-specific membrane antigen and positron emission tomography) scan and mri in radiology and nuclear medicine by experienced radiologists in the royal north shore hospital. before starting stereotactic radiotherapy. participants will require fiducial markers inserted in the prostate and may require hydrogel insertion depending on the location of the recurrence. if these are required, it will be done by experienced radiation oncologists. fiducial markers insertion involves inserting three gold markers into the prostate. it will be used to locate the prostate accurately during radiation treatment. hydrogel is a temporary gel being injected into the space between the prostate and rectum to reduce the dose of radiation received by the rectum to minimise side effects from the treatment, focal stereotactic body treatment (sbrt) will be used in the study. there are three groups of participants. each group will receive different level of radiation dose to test the safety of increasing radiation dose. group 1 will receive 36 grays (radiation dose unit, gy)) in 6 treatments. group 2 will receive 38 grays in 6 treatments and group 3 will receive 40 grays in 6 treatments. the incremental dose escalation will cease if any excess acute toxicity or late grade 3 toxicity. sbrt will be delivered two to three times per week, every second day. the number of treatments per week will depend on the day of the week participants start their treatment. participants will be reviewed weekly or second weekly. toxicity will be recorded. a safety committee will be formed containing multi-disciplinary team members. all serious adverse events will be reported to the principal investigator and human research ethics committee within 24 hours.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men \> 4yrs from external beam radiotherapy (ebrt) meeting the phoenix definition of biochemical failure or men \> 5yrs from ebrt if neo-adjuvant and/or adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (adt) also used * recurrence localised to less than 1 lobe of prostate on both pmsa and multi-parametric mri (less than equal to ct2a) * recurrence must be biopsy proven, with positive biopsies limited to the pet and mri suspicious region. * life expectancy at least 10yrs from time of sbrt * psa \< 10 exclusion criteria: * recurrence in immediate proximity to rectum (unless able to have hydrogel) * grade 3 or more toxicity from previous ebrt * contra-indicated for fiducial insertion * gs 8,9 or 10 disease previously (relative - consider if decent disease free interval)
effectiveness of dental brushing for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia

Conditions: Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia; Nosocomial Pneumonia; Pneumonia

Summary: poor oral hygiene is associated with respiratory pathogen colonization and secondary lung infection.the possible association between oral care and incidence of vap, and the role of dental plaque, mouth and tracheal colonization have not been firmly established. the investigators' hypothesis was that improving oral care with electrical toothbrushing might be effective in reducing the incidence of vap.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult intubated patients * without evidence of pulmonary infection (randomized within 12h of intubation if they were expected to remain ventilated for longer than 48 hours) exclusion criteria: * absence of dental pieces * current diagnosis of pneumonia or massive bronchoaspiration * tracheostomy (or expected within 48 hours) * chlorhexidine allergy
evaluation of the functional results of bilateral amygdalotomy for refractory aggressive patients

Conditions: Aggression

Summary: aggressiveness has a high prevalence in the psychiatry population and is of major concern. though pharmacological treatments are effective for most patients, there is a portion that doesn't respond properly and is considered medically refractory. for them, surgical procedures (i.e. stereotactic lesions) have been performed as an attempt to reintegrate patient into society. the amygdala is a main structure in the control of aggressive behavior and amygdala lesion could improve behavior without neurological or other behavioral impairment. in this study, it will evaluate the functional results of the bilateral amygdala lesion of aggressive refractory patients through neuroimaging, clinical assessment and blood hormonal levels. to better understand the neurobiology of aggression, aggressive patients that are not refractory will also be studied through neuroimaging and hormonal levels.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * refractory aggression (adler et al., 2015) defined by extreme levels of aggression after the use of risperidone or aripiprazole ou combination of others psychoactive drugs. exclusion criteria: * patients with anatomical alterations that may disrupt the surgery, infections or non-controlled diseases, treatment with other experimental drugs, pregnant women or during lactation, psychological or sociological conditions that will not permit the patient to be accompanied by the medical staff.

Keywords: amygdala, neurosurgery, aggressive behavior
tenaculum in endometrial sampling procedure

Conditions: Endometrium; Biopsy

Summary: most of gynecological office procedure such as endometrial sampling procedure, hysterosalpingography, hysteroscopy, insertion of contraceptive intrauterine device, difficult intrauterine insemination or embryo transfer procedures often require the application of a single tooth tenaculum to the cervix for steady the cervix, straighten the cervicouterine angle and provide countertraction. however, grasping the cervix with a tenaculum can be a painful experience for the patient.a randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate using of tenaculum on pain perception of the patients and the procedure performance of the surgeons in endometrial sampling procedure(esp) with pipelle.

one hundred fifteen patients included for assessing pain perception and procedure performance during endometrial with pipelle. patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups as group 1( with tenaculum) and group 2 (without tenaculum).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18-80 years old * the women has required endometrial sampling procedure in gynecology outpatients clinic. * who are capable understand the spoken words and describe the pain. exclusion criteria: * stenotic cervical canal * they had acute cervicitis * intense anxiety * need for coincident endocervical curettage * need for general anesthesia or local anesthetics * the use of analgesic drug pre-procedure * known history of malignancy * uterine anomalies or leiomyomas that distort the cervical canal and cavity * a history of failed office endometrial sampling * positive β-hcg test.

Keywords: endometrial sampling procedure likert scala pipelle tenaculum visual analog pain scala
role of simvastatin microsponges in treatment of periodontitis

Conditions: Periodontitis

Summary: the aim of our study is to enhance the dissolution and subsequently the local penetration of the drug through the sulcus in addition to controlling the drug release so that, the drug could be potentially absorbed.

patients will be divided randomly into three groups: group (i);will be treated with subgingival debridement and subgengival injection of chitosan 2% gel containing a microsponges formulated (sv), group (ii); will be treated with subgingival debridement and subgingival injection of chitosan 2% gel containing free (sv) and group (iii); will be treated by subgingival debridement and placebo gel injected subgingivally. pocket depth and clinical attachment loss bone gain were recorded preoperative and six months postoperative for all groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with chronic periodontitis with minimum two sites of pocket depth \> 5 mm * patients with normal lipid profile * nonsmokers * patients free from any systemic disorders * committed patients to complete the treatment with follow-ups. exclusion criteria: * patients with hyperlipidemia * patients taking lipid lowering drugs * smokers * pregnant * lactating women women, patients with mental or psychological illness and medically compromised patients.
detection of cellular inflammation with ferumoxytol in the heart

Conditions: Cardiac Transplant; Cardiac Sarcoid; Myocarditis; Healthy Volunteers

Summary: to non-invasively image myocardial accumulation of ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (uspios) by an increase in r2\* values (compared to controls) within the myocardium of patients with: i. cardiac transplantation ii. acute myocarditis iii. suspected cardiac sarcoidosis

ferumoxytol is a 'smart' magnetic resonance contrast agent consisting of ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (uspios) that are taken up by macrophages. concentration of uspios within macrophages changes the tissue relaxation properties and this can be detected by magnetic resonance imaging using r2\* maps. in a recent early proof-of-concept study, we demonstrated that macrophages could be detected with uspios in the penumbra and infarct zone of the myocardium in patients with a recent myocardial infarction. the investigators therefore wish to establish whether uspios can be used to identify cellular inflammation within the myocardium in three distinct clinical conditions that currently lack a non-invasive diagnostic imaging test: cardiac allograft rejection, viral myocarditis and cardiac sarcoidosis. if successful, this would not only provide a useful diagnostic test but would also be a method of monitoring disease progression or response to therapy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. one of the four conditions below: * patients having undergone cardiac transplant * patients diagnosed clinically with myocarditis of any aetiology (eg viral, septic, post chemotherapeutic etc) * patients clinically diagnosed with cardiac sarcoidosis * healthy volunteers 2. age \> 18 years. exclusion criteria: 1. contraindication to magnetic resonance imaging scanning identified from magnetic resonance imaging safety questionnaire 2. patients refusing or unable to give informed consent 3. renal failure (estimated glomerular filtration rate \<30 ml/min) 4. polycythemia 5. contraindication to ferumoxytol (previous allergic drug reaction, any immune or inflammatory conditions (eg, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, history of severe asthma, eczema or other atopic allergy)), evidence of known iron overload, hemochromatosis, known hypersensitivity to ferumoxytol or its components or anaemia not caused by iron deficiency. 6. known allergy to dextran- or iron-containing compounds. 7. diagnosis of myocardial infarction within 1 month. 8. pregnancy or breast-feeding. 9. women of child bearing age not ensuring reliable methods of contraception. female participants of child bearing age will be asked if they are ensuring reliable methods of contraception prior to each administration of uspio and mri scan. if use of reliable contraception cannot be confirmed, the participant will be withdrawn.
comparison of laparoscopic and open surgery for colorectal malignancy in obese patients

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer; Obesity

Summary: the goal of this observational study is to compare laparoscopic and open surgery outcomes in colorectal cancer patients with bmi ≥ 30 kg/m2 . the main question\[s\] it aims to answer are: 1. the short-term outcome and postoperative outcomes of patients treated with open group versus laparoscopy group 2. the long-term oncologic outcome of patients treated with open group versus laparoscopy group this study is a retrospective and observational study. subjects were not be given or offered any treatment during the study. the investigator reviewed the patient's medical history and examination report to determine eligibility based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. if there is a comparison group: researchers compared the open group and laparoscopy group to see if the laparoscopic group have better short-term outcomes with comparable oncologic outcomes to the open group.

this study is a retrospective and observational study. subjects were not be given or offered any treatment during the study. the investigator reviewed the patient's medical history and examination report to determine eligibility based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. given the uncertainty regarding the long-term outcomes of laparoscopy in obese patients with crc, this study aimed to analyse a decade of data comparing laparoscopic and open surgery outcomes in patients with bmi ≥ 30 kg/m2 who had undergone treatment for crc at the linkou chang gung hospital.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * crc patients with bmi ≥ 30 kg/m2 who underwent colorectal surgery at the linkou branch of the chang gung memorial hospital (cgmh) between january 2009 and december 2019. exclusion criteria: * non-adenocarcinoma neoplasms * stage iv crc

Keywords: colorectal cancer obesity laparoscopy surgery open surgery postoperative survival analysis
analysis of human tear proteins in children

Conditions: Eye Disease

Summary: the significance of our study is in the importance of understanding the quality and quantity of proteins in the human tear film, and any unique aspects of tears in children. this pilot study will provide data to plan prospective research to better delineate the utility of tear proteins in diagnosing and following disease status in a non-invasive fashion.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * less than 18 years of age * a parent or legal guardian provide written informed consent to participate * able to cooperate with tear sample collection, or a previously planned sedation for other medical purposes exclusion criteria: * age greater than or equal to 18 years * patients' parents or legal guardians who refuse to sign study consent

Keywords: tear protein
a study for the treatment of hormone refractory prostate cancer (hrpc) in patients previously treated with chemotherapy

Conditions: Prostate Cancer; Cancer of Prostate; Prostatic Cancer; Cancer of the Prostate

Summary: a study for the treatment of hormone refractory prostate cancer (hrpc) in patients previously treated with chemotherapy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * histologically or cytologically confirmed prostate cancer. * prior chemotherapy regimen for prostate cancer exclusion criteria: * history of other malignancy in the last 5 years * major surgery within the past 21 days

Keywords: treatment efficacy treatment effectiveness disease management treatment safety
effect of low doses of vitamin c on salivary cortisol , heart rate , blood pressure during group presentation

Conditions: Stress, Psychological

Summary: vitamin c (ascorbic acid) is a well-known antioxidant that is involved in anxiety, stress, depression, fatigue and mood state in humans . the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of low doses of vitamin c on decreasing the level of public speaking stress in term of salivary cortisol , blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and heart rate . a purposive sample of (90) were included in this randomized placeboled trial study (60 students were given 500 mg of vitamin c per day for one week a group presentation while 30 other students were given placebo for one week before a group presentation) . salivary cortisol was measured by means of commercial immunoenzymatic kits . blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and heart rate were measured immediately before and after presentation .

experimental randomized placebo trial study approach was designed to meet the previously mentioned objectives of the current study. the period of the study is from 1st november 2018 to 20th april 2019. a random sample of (90) students was taken in this study . the students were divided in to two groups :- 1. study group :- included 60 students given vitamin c ( 500 mg per day) for one week before presentation . 2. placebo :- included 30 students given placebo for one week before presentation. exclusion criteria included : chronic diseases (dm , hypertension), hormonal disturbances, psychotic disorders, kidney stones and anemia . students that have previous experience of public speaking were also excluded . participants were asked to rinse their mouth with water before collecting saliva. a minimum volume of 1 ml saliva was obtained directly by expectorating into a collecting tube. food and beverages such as tea, soft drinks, and coffee were not permitted 30 minutes prior to any sample collection. because salivary cortisol concentration is independent of flow rate and sugarless gum does not interfere with the salivary assay, 21 participants were permitted to chew sugarless gum if needed to stimulate saliva flow. participants were also instructed not to brush their teeth 30 minutes before saliva collection and to refrain from wearing lipstick on the day of saliva collection (hellhammer et al., 1987) .

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - students have a presentation exclusion criteria: - exclusion criteria included : chronic diseases (dm , hypertension), hormonal disturbances, psychotic disorders, kidney stones and anemia . students that have previous experience of public speaking were also excluded .

Keywords: vitamin c , salivary cortisol , heart rate , blood pressure
effects of massage on the immune system of preterm infants

Conditions: Premature Birth; Stress

Summary: infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) are exposed to stressful stimuli such as loud noises, bright lights, blood drawing, suctioning, and intubation, and are frequently left in isolation with minimal proper interaction. stress has been demonstrated to exert a negative effect on the immune system. different psychological interventions, including relaxation, have been used in efforts to reduce stress, and several of these techniques have been shown to improve cellular immunity. massage therapy (mt) has been used to reduce stress in premature infants and has been associated with weight gain, shorter hospital stay, and improvement in mental/motor development. while mt has been shown to increase the number and function of natural killer (nk) cells in healthy adults and in adults infected with hiv, the effect of mt on the immune system of children, including premature infants, has never been investigated. the investigators hypothesize that, in premature infants, mt will enhance the immune system. one hundred and twenty stable premature infants meeting selection criteria will be randomized to massage and sham treatment groups. immunologic evaluation will be performed on both groups at baseline, midway and at the end of therapy. physicians, nurses, and parents will be masked. the investigators' unique and innovative study will be the largest study in this area and will provide valuable information on potential immune parameters associated with stress reduction and improved development in premature infants undergoing massage therapy.

already contained in brief summary

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * medically stable premature infants exclusion criteria: * unstable premature infants with underlying medical condition

Keywords: massage immune system preterm infants
postoperative pain relief after cesarean section: is there a role for the quadratus lumborum block?

Conditions: Postoperative Pain

Summary: the quadratus lumborum block (qlb) was first described by blanco in 2007. the main advantage of qlb compared to the transversus abdominis plane block (tap) is the extension of local anesthetic agent beyond the tap plane to the thoracic paravertebral space. the wider spread of the local anesthetic agents produces extensive analgesia and prolonged action of the injected local anesthetic solution. previous studies showed that tap block may not be effective in improving postoperative analgesia in patients who had cesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. the aim of this randomised controlled, double blinded study is to examine the effect of qlb on the postoperative pain management in patients who had cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.

after ethical committee approval, informed written consent will be obtained from all patients. a sample size of 25 patients per group was calculated based on 15% reduction in morphine consumption with 0.05% significance and a power of 0.8. consenting patients scheduled to have elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia will be randomised to undergo qlb with bupivacaine versus placebo(saline) after their surgery. allocation will be done using closed envelope technique. the study medications/placebo will be prepared and labelled by an anesthetist who is not involved in the study. all patients will receive a standard spinal anesthetic. at the end of surgery , quadratus lumborum block group (ql) patients will receive bilateral qlb with 0.125% bupivacaine. control group patients will receive a bilateral placebo block using saline. the block will be performed in operation theatre after the end of cesarean section with intravenous access, ecg, bp, oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry monitoring and full resuscitation equipment and medication ready. the patient will be placed in a lateral position with the side to be blocked facing upwards. the ultrasound probe will be properly sterilized and with sterile covers. a 22 gauge, two inch pajunk sonoplex needle is advanced under ultrasound guidance on the posterior aspect of the quadratus lumborum. following negative aspiration, 0.2 ml/kg of 0.125% bupivacaine, or placebo(saline) is injected in each side with intermittent aspiration and the spread of injectate followed on ultrasound. all patients will receive the routine postoperative analgesia, comprising patient-controlled iv morphine analgesia and regular diclofenac and paracetamol. all patients will be assessed postoperatively by a blinded investigator: in the postanesthesia care unit and at 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h postoperatively

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * elective caesarean sections * asa 1 to 3 * written informed consent. exclusion criteria: * patient refusal * local infection at the site of injection * allergy to study medications * sepsis * anatomic abnormalities * systemic anticoagulation or coagulopathy * inability to comprehend or participate in pain scoring system * inability to use intravenous patient controlled analgesia