Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
preoperative continuous sciatic perineural analgesia in patients undergoing lower limb revascularization

Conditions: Ischemic Leg; Peripheral Vascular Disease

Summary: this study evaluates the pain score numerical rating, after sciatic analgesic continuous block, in patients with ischemic pain before surgery of limb revascularization. all patients received those blocks to control ischemic severe pain.

peripheral obstructive arterial disease (pad) is a disease with a prevalence of 10 to 25% in the population over 55 years, increasing with age, and may have disabling pain as a symptom, and sometimes the surgical approach is required. in the context of public hospital in rio de janeiro, where patients need to wait for surgery, the anesthesiology and acute pain service routinely has sciatic nerve analgesic block in the popliteal region as a preoperative procedure. the primary objective of the present study is to describe a series of cases where the technique was applied in order to relieve the pain of these patients, following the pain score numerical rating as a reference. secondary objectives will be to describe difficulties associated with the technique and possible associated adverse factors.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * preoperative continuous sciatic-popliteal nerve block * lower limb angioplasty * peripheral arterial disease; * between 2017 and 2018 years; * correct filling of numerical rating pain evaluation in the medical record exclusion criteria: * peripheral block to treat another pathology or condition in te same patient; * peripheral block at another concomitant site (other than the popliteal); * no adequate record of the care received in the medical record * if medical record is not available during the data collection period

Keywords: continuous peripheral block sciatic block ischemic pain
cadonilimab in combination with chemotherapy for locally advaced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Conditions: Resectable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Neoadjuvant Therapy

Summary: this is a single-arm, multicenter, exploratory study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ak104 in combination with cisplatin and paclitaxel in the treatment of resectable locally advanced esophageal squamous carcinoma.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18-70 years, both men and women * pathologically confirmed esophageal squamous cell carcinoma，and the clinic staging is ct2n1-3m0 or ct3n0-3m0 or ct4n0-3m0, tnm staging is ii-iva * non-cervical esophageal carcinoma * patients who have never received systemic antitumor therapy and who have measurable lesions that meet recist 1.1 criteria * ecog score 0-1 * life expectancy ≥12 months * patients with normal function organs, no serious abnormalities of blood, heart, lung, liver, kidney function, and immunodeficiency disease * for female subjects of childbearing age, they should have a negative urine or serum pregnancy test within 7 days before receiving the first study drug administration. male and female patients need to use high-efficiency contraception during treatment until at least 8 weeks after stop the treatment * sign the informed consent form before any trial-related procedures are implemented exclusion criteria: * -other malignancies diagnosed within 5 years prior to the first administration of the study drug, except effectively treated basal cell carcinoma of the skin, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, and/or effectively resected in situ cervical and/or breast cancer * ulcerative esophageal squamous cell carcinoma * esophageal or tracheal fistula * history of allergy to study drug components * history of immune disease * patients with any serious or uncontrolled systemic disease * the presence of any adverse event (ctcae\>grade 1) caused by prior therapy
a prospective cohort study:forecast fracture risk with a serum marker of type 2 diabetes in guangzhou community

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Fragility Fractures

Summary: the objective of this study is to find out the biochemical markers which have independent predictive value of fragility fractures risk with type 2 diabetes in guangzhou community and evaluate bone strength better and increase the ability of recognizing fracture risk through following-up visits the bone metabolism index like esrage-to-pentosidine ratio of the petients with type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis,compared with the classical fracture risk assessment instrument.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * (1) aged 18-65 years; (2) patients were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes based on the definition of diabetes of who in 1999. exclusion criteria: * 1. type 1 diabetes and other specific types of diabetes; 2. diabetes related acute complications like diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar status. 3. had used drugs that is known to have effect on bone(like active vitamin d, bisphosphonate, calcitonin, estrogen receptor modulators, estrogen, thiazolidinediones); 4. suffer from diseases that is known to have effect on bone (hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism,cushing syndrome,chronic renal failure,renal tubular acidosis,osteoporosis after gastrectomy,osteoporosis caused by liver disease,rheumatoid disease,osteoporosis induced by gastrointestinal absorption dysfunction); 5. disuse osteoporosis; 6. cannot be exposure to sunlight due to skin diseases; 7. use glucocorticoids for over 3 months.
addressing stigma in screening and diagnostic delay for cervical cancer

Conditions: Cervical Cancer Screening

Summary: this study aims to 1) implement a culturally and contextually rooted innovative multifoci, social marketing intervention involving societal focused media campaign elements to break down the barriers and facilitate timely and appropriate screening practices for cervical cancer; 2) measure cervical cancer stigma from a culturally relevant theoretical and conceptual framework; and 3) assess the influence of stigma on hindering seeking the pap test. further, this is an international study that will bring together a multi-disciplinary investigatory team, community advocates and state health agencies to deliver a social marketing intervention in southern california (the inland empire region specifically) and trinidad and tobago.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: women will be included if they: 1. have not been diagnosed with any type of cancer 2. are between the ages of 18-70 3. self-identify as being african descended or latina 4. are able to speak english and/or spanish 5. acknowledge that a pap test is currently needed exclusion criteria: 1. cervical cancer is diagnosed only in women, therefore this study only includes women 2. women who have been and/or are currently diagnosed with any type of cancer will be excluded 3. women with other major medical conditions (e.g. stroke and degenerative illness) will be excluded 4. during the screening the level of symptomatology for depression and anxiety will be assessed. women with severe depression and anxiety will be excluded, but appropriate psychological follow-up and referral will be provided 5. women older than 70 years will be excluded

Keywords: cervical cancer screening
a pilot study investigating the detection of episodes of severe patient-ventilator asynchrony

Conditions: Respiratory Failure

Summary: the goal of this study is to determine what percent of severe patient-ventilator asynchrony is detected in mechanically ventilated patients in the adult icu and to determine delays in detecting those asynchronies by the staff that were correctly identified, and whether asynchrony status recorded during intermittent assessments by respiratory therapists is representative of periods in between such assessments.

this is a prospective observational study. all decisions about ventilator settings, mode of ventilation, and sedative doses are determined by the critical care team attending to the patient. patients will be enrolled within 6 hours after intubation and will be studied continuously until extubation. patients will be monitored for asynchrony using syncron-e tablets provided by autonomous healthcare. however, clinical staff will be blinded to the results of the tablet, and hence, there will be no change to clinical care. asynchrony index (which captures the fraction of breaths with asynchrony) will be calculated every minute by the syncron-e tablet. the assessment of respiratory therapists at the time of ventilator checks will also be recorded including the following information: i) entering/exiting the room , ii) existence of a severe asynchrony episode based on the respiratory therapist's assessment and its type. clinical staff will record the start of any severe asynchrony episode that they detect. data related to the administrations of sedatives and anesthetics as well as major interventions (excluding any phi) will also be recorded.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients requiring intensive care unit admission * patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation expected to last more than 24 hours * patients ventilated on pcv, psv, vcv, or vc+ ventilation modes exclusion criteria: * any patient not meeting inclusion criteria. * any patient receiving muscle relaxant (paralytics) for more than 24 hours. * any patient receiving inverse ratio ventilation.

Keywords: patient-ventilator asynchrony
spring: safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetics of tipranavir/r in race/gender hiv+ patients randomized to tdm or soc

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: the primary purpose of this study is to: 1. demonstrate the safety and efficacy of tipranavir/ritonavir (tpv/r) among a racially diverse hiv+ population (males and females) who are three-class (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (nrti), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (nnrti), and protease inhibitor (pi)) experienced with documented resistance to more than one pi. 2. determine pharmacokinetic data in this racially and gender diverse population. 3. determine the potential utility of using therapeutic drug monitoring (tdm) in improving efficacy outcomes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: main inclusion criteria for the study are: 1. hiv-1 infected adults, men and women at least 18 years of age. 2. 3-class (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (nrti), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (nnrti), and protease inhibitor (pi)) treatment-experienced (min of 3-months duration for each class) with resistance to more than one pi (on screening resistance testing). nnrti-naïve patients who have genotypically documented nnrti-resistance mutations on past or screening resistance testing would be eligible. 3. cd4+ t lymphocyte count \>=50 cells/mm3. 4. hiv-1 viral load \>=1,000 copies/ml at screening. 5. the antiretroviral (arv) study treatment regimen must consist of tpv/r in combo with an optimized background regimen (obr) of 2-4 agents: n(t)rtis (nrti or ntrti), enfuvirtide (enf), and/or, where available, a trial approved expanded access program (eap) investigational agent. 6. acceptable screening laboratory values that indicate adequate baseline organ function. 7. acceptable medical history with a chest x-ray without evidence of active disease and an electrocardiogram (ecg) without clinically important abnormalities within one year of the study. 8. a reliable method of barrier contraception will be used by all female patients who are of childbearing potential. exclusion criteria: main exclusion criteria for the study are: 1. known hypersensitivity to the tipranavir (tpv) or ritonavir (rtv). 2. arv medication naïve. 3. genotypic resistance to tpv (defined as a tpv mutation score \>7). 4. patients on recent drug holiday, defined as off antiretroviral (arv) medications for at least 7 consecutive days within the month prior to screening. 5. prior tipranavir use. 6. inability to adhere to the requirements of the protocol. 7. patients with prior history of hemorrhagic stroke or intracranial aneurysm. 8. patients with a history of ischemic stroke, neurosurgery or skull trauma within 4 weeks prior to screening. 9. history of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, visceral kaposi's sarcoma, and/or any malignancy. 10. any acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) defining illness that is unresolved, symptomatic or not stable on treatment for at least 12 weeks at screening visit.
feasibility of a youth-led ncd risk reduction initiative in selected schools of slums in karachi, pakistan: a mixed-methods, pre-and post-intervention study

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cancer; Lung Diseases

Summary: the study will occur in ten selected schools within azam basti and mehmoodabad, organized into five sequential phases. phase i involves identifying ncd modifiable risk factors among younger peers (classes 5 and 6 students) using structured diaries. phase ii includes qualitative interviews with youth (classes 9 and 10 students), parents, and stakeholders to discuss intervention material and delivery. phase iii comprises a one-day workshop to co-create an intervention. phase iv involves three-day training for youth to understand and deliver the intervention to their peers. finally, phase v assesses the intervention's feasibility using a pre-and post-test design approach.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. both government and private schools 2. schools that have classes 1 to 10 in one boundary 3. schools who agree to take part in the qualitative interviews 4. schools that permit to engage youth, their parents, and younger peers in the study for ten months 5. for youth: students of classes 9 and 10 (aged 14 to 16 years) 6. for younger peers: students of classes 5 and 6 (9 to 12 years) 7. students who provide written informed assent followed by parental consent 8. parents of youth and other stakeholders, including head teachers, schoolteachers, and canteen staff who provide written informed consent exclusion criteria: 1. schools currently enrolled in any ncd-related intervention program or any similar program during the last six months 2. for youth: having any severe or chronic medical condition or disability that restricts active participation of students in the intervention co-creation and delivery
incision and loop drainage utilizing a novel technique for management of cutaneous abscess in an adult population

Conditions: Abscess; Drain Abscess

Summary: when using the rolled ring of a sterile glove as a loop drain in incision and loop drainage, is it superior to incision and drainage for treatment of a cutaneous abscess in 18 to 65 year-old patients presenting to the emergency department, family health clinic, family medicine residency clinic, or internal medicine clinic? hypothesis: when treating a cutaneous abscess, incision and loop drainage utilizing the rolled ring of a sterile glove as a loop drain is superior to the standard (incision and drainage) yielding a treatment failure rate of 1% at seven to ten days.

practicing medicine in an austere environment is fraught with challenges. one primary challenge is that clinicians will frequently be practicing without the supplies needed for specific indicated purpose. for treatment of a cutaneous abscess, sterile gloves are readily available whether at home or when deployed. it can be much more difficult to come across a penrose or vessel loop. in addition, follow up for wound repacking and reassessment is a struggle. patients may have to move from location to location or have work hours that make it difficult to return to the clinic. the loop technique utilizing the rolled ring of a sterile glove solves both of these problems. sterile gloves are always available and the loop technique requires little to no follow up. additional benefits include: subjects may experience less pain, improved cosmesis, faster healing, and decreased complication rates with incision and loop drainage utilizing the rolled ring of a sterile glove compared to traditional incision and drainage.

Eligibility criteria:
\*\*patients must be able to get care at nellis air force base (a military installation) in order to participate in this study\*\* inclusion criteria: * active duty and dod beneficiaries aged 18 to 65 years old. * abscess that requires drainage. exclusion criteria: * abscess of the hand, foot, or face, immunocompromised by disease or medications. * temperature greater than 100.4 degrees fahrenheit. * systolic blood pressure less than 90 mmhg. * abscess is too small to treat with incision and drainage (as seen on ultrasound). * patient is too ill to be included in the study determined by clinical judgement of the treating provider.

Keywords: emergency medicine abscess incision and drainage incision and loop drainage sterile glove
central venous catheter (cvc) associated deep vein thrombosis (dvt) in cancer patients

Conditions: Cancer Patients; Central Venous Catheter Thrombosis; Upper Extremity Thrombosis

Summary: cancer patients with central venous catheter (cvc) associated deep vein thrombosis (dvt) will be treated with low molecular weight heparin (lmwh) and apixaban. study duration is 12 weeks.

cancer patients who have developed blood clot in the arm that has the central venous catheter will be treated with standard of care blood thinning injection of low molecular weight heparin for 1 week and then for apixaban 5 mg twice daily for the rest of 11 weeks. data will be collected to see if the central venous catheter "survived" or remained in place and did not have to be taken out because of the clot.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. male or female \> 18 years of age. 2. symptomatic acute upper limb thrombosis in the axillary, subclavian or internal jugular veins, with or without pulmonary embolism, associated with central venous catheter objectively documented by compression ultrasonography, venogram or computerized tomography (ct) scan. 3. diagnosis of active malignancy, as defined by patients who are either receiving active treatment, or have metastatic disease or who have been diagnosed within the past two years. 4. willing to provide written informed consent. exclusion criteria: 1. presence of dialysis catheters 2. active bleeding or high risk for major bleeding 3. platelet count \< 75 x 109/l 4. creatinine clearance \< 30 ml/min 5. currently on other anticoagulant with therapeutic intent for another indication 6. pulmonary embolism accompanied by hemodynamic instability or oxygen requirement 7. inability to infuse through the catheter after a trial of intraluminal thrombolytic therapy (2 mg tpa). 8. patients with acute myeloid leukemia (aml), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) or multiple myeloma with a bone marrow or stem cell transplant planned within the next 3 months 9. treatment for current episode \> 7 days with any acceptable anticoagulant therapy 10. concomitant use of p-glucoprotein and cytochrome p450 3a4 (cyp3a4) inhibitors (for example azole antifungals such as ketoconazole) or inducers (for example rifampicin, antiepileptics) 11. recent coronary artery stent requiring dual anti-platelet therapy (for example acetylsalicylic acid \[asa\] and plavix) 12. if female of childbearing potential: pregnancy and/or breastfeeding
vision stability and preference for soft toric vs. soft spherical contact lenses

Conditions: Astigmatism; Myopia

Summary: the principal hypothesis is to be tested in this work is that vision stability (the primary outcome measure) with a spherical contact lens correction vs. a toric contact lens correction will be the same.

this will be a randomised, subject-masked, crossover, bilateral non-dispensing study, controlled by cross-comparison. thirty subjects will use each lens type at a single visit in random sequence.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. they are aged 18-35 years and have capacity to volunteer. 2. they understand their rights as a research subject and are willing and able to sign a statement of informed consent. 3. they are willing and able to follow the protocol. 4. they are an existing wearer of soft spherical contact lenses in both eyes. 5. they have a spherical component of their spectacle refractive error between -0.50ds and -6.50ds in both eyes. 6. they have a cylindrical component of their spectacle refractive error between -0.75dc and -1.25dc in both eyes. 7. they can be fitted satisfactorily with both lens types. 8. they own an acceptable pair of spectacles. 9. they agree not to participate in other clinical research for the duration of the study. exclusion criteria: 1. they have an ocular disorder which would normally contra-indicate contact lens wear. 2. they have a systemic disorder which would normally contra-indicate contact lens wear. 3. they are using any topical medication such as eye drops (including comfort drops) or ointment on a regular basis. 4. they are aphakic. 5. they have had corneal refractive surgery. 6. they have any corneal distortion resulting from previous hard or rigid lens wear or have keratoconus. 7. they are pregnant or breastfeeding. 8. they have any ocular abnormality which would, in the opinion of the investigator, normally contraindicate contact lens wear. 9. they have any infectious disease which would, in the opinion of the investigator, contraindicate contact lens wear or pose a risk to study personnel; or they have any immunosuppressive disease (e.g. hiv), or a history of anaphylaxis or severe allergic reaction. 10. they have taken part in any other contact lens or care solution clinical trial or research, within two weeks prior to starting this study.