Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
an evaluation of the effectiveness of a simple marketing intervention in changing student attitudes to depression

Conditions: Depression

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of a simple marketing intervention in changing attitudes towards depression and its treatment among university students.

depression is a major public health problem. it is common, affecting approximately 10 percent of the united kingdom (uk) community at any one time. britain's student population is particularly at risk. knowledge of effective treatments for depression is burgeoning thanks to a rapid increase in the quantity and quality of relevant research. regardless of these advances, depression is still under-reported (freeling et al., 1985) and general practitioners often fail to diagnose it. when depression is correctly diagnosed, most patients in primary care will receive a prescription for an antidepressant. however, some patients will not have the prescription dispensed, and most will not complete the full recommended course. compliance with psychological treatments is also a problem. study design: * pilot work: the intervention consisted of mailing (to each undergraduate student's pigeon-hole) a pack of 4 postcards which provided brief information on depression in an attractive format. one postcard summarised information on depression as an illness; one summarised information on the causes of depression; one summarised information on the treatment of depression; and one summarised information on how to seek help for depression. prior to the trial, the drafts were revised through feedback from a focus group of 5 students, who discussed the design and content of the draft postcards. the focus group participants were recruited from the queen's college, as this college did not participate in the trial. the focus group contributed to the revision of the draft questionnaire. * the trial: the design was a cluster, randomised, controlled trial. individual oxford university colleges which accept undergraduate students were the units of randomisation. twenty-eight colleges were randomised. permanent private halls and postgraduate colleges were excluded, as was the queen's college (due to it being the lead investigator's college) and harris manchester college (a college for mature students). half of the randomised colleges received no intervention; the other half received the intervention. a questionnaire was administered before and after the intervention to half of the undergraduate students in each of the colleges. the same questionnaire was used for both time points. questions addressed knowledge of, and attitudes towards: * depression as an illness; * symptoms of depression; * treatment for depression; * sources of help for depression.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * undergraduate students at oxford university exclusion criteria: * postgraduate students * students at the excluded colleges

Keywords: depression students health education
effect of sensory integration in speech therapy for children with autism

Conditions: Autism Spectrum Disorder

Summary: autism spectrum disorder (asd) is considered one of the commonest developmental disabilities, characterized mainly by impairments in social performance and communicative skills, repetitive stereotypical behaviors, and restriction in interests and activities, with a combination of sensory, cognitive, behavioral, and communication features which persist throughout life. caminha \& lampreia specified that there is a significantly high prevalence of sensory processing dysfunctions in asd. sensory processing means how the central and peripheral nervous systems deal with the incoming sensory input from different sensory organs; visual, auditory, smell, taste, tactile, proprioception, and vestibular information. sensory processing dysfunction is the neurological dysfunction affecting the adequate reception, modulation, integration, discrimination, or organization of sensory stimuli, and the behavioral responses to the sensory input. sensory integration therapy (sit) is a frequent type of therapy that aims to improve a child's ability to perceive and integrate sensory input in order to explore more ordered and appropriate actions. sit improves motor skills, social relationships, attention, behavior control, language and pre-linguistic communicative abilities, reading comprehension, participation in play activities, and personal identification. therefore, the need for further explicit assessment of sensory integration intervention among asd children has been increased to identify its gains in social and verbal interactions. this study aimed to estimate the impact of sensory integration therapy on language development in autism spectrum disorder children.46 asd children will enroll in this study, their ages ranged from 3-10 years, males and females, divided into two groups (group i received speech therapy sessions together with sensory integration therapy sessions, group ii received speech therapy sessions only) went through two stages of evaluation before and after receiving their sessions with one year apart. all children were subjected to childhood autism rating scale (cars), sensory profile assessment by short sensory profile (ssp) and assessment of basic language and learning skills- revised (the ablls-r).data will be taken from clinics and schools having children with autism


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pre diagnosed autistic children * both male and female * age range:3 years to 10 years * moderately severe exclusion criteria: - autism with any comorbid will be excluded ( hearing impaired, any syndrome)
prevention of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in rheumatic diseases: alendronate versus alfacalcidol.

Conditions: Rheumatoid Arthritis; Polymyalgia Rheumatica; Giant Cell Arteritis; Polymyositis; Wegener's Granulomatosis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine wich treatment is the most effective in prevention of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in patients with rheumatic diseases. the stop-study: a randomized placebo controlled trial with alendronate versus alfacalcidol.

treatment with glucocorticoids (gcs) is associated with bone loss initiated already early in therapy, causing increased (vertebral) fracture risk. bone loss is caused by inhibition of bone formation by gcs. active vitamin d analogues like alfacalcidol directly stimulate osteoblasts leading to an increase in bone formation. bisphosphonates like alendronate induce apoptosis of osteoclasts leading to inhibition of bone resorption. we performed a randomized, double-placebo, double-blind clinical trial of 18 months duration in patients with a rheumatic disease, starting gcs in a dosage of 7.5 mg prednisone equivalent daily or higher. two hundred one patients were allocated to receive either alendronate 10 mg and alfacalcidol-placebo daily or alfacalcidol 1 microgram and alendronate-placebo daily. primary outcome was change in bone mineral density of the lumbar spine in 18 months, secondary outcome incidence of (symptomatic) morphometric vertebral deformities.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with a rheumatic disease. * starting treatment with glucocorticoids in a dosage of 7.5 mg prednisone equivalent daily or higher. * all ethnic groups and races. exclusion criteria: * glucocorticoid treatment in the past 12 months (except for 12 weeks preceding the study) * primary hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism in last year * metabolic bone disease * creatinine clearance of \< 50 ml/min * documented hypercalcemia or hypercalciuria, nephrolithiasis in the last 5 years * pregnancy or lactation * treatment in the last 12 months with hormone-replacement therapy * anabolic steroids, calcitonin, active vitamin d3 analogues, fluoride or bisphosphonates.

Keywords: glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis rheumatic diseases prevention randomized double-blind, double placebo controlled trial alendronate versus alfacalcidol
standardizing treatments for pulmonary exacerbations - aminoglycoside study

Conditions: Cystic Fibrosis; Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Exacerbation

Summary: the purpose of this study is to look at pulmonary exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis (cf) that need to be treated with antibiotics given through a tube inserted into a vein (intravenous or iv). a pulmonary exacerbation is a worsening of respiratory symptoms in people with cf that needs medical intervention. both doctors and cf patients are trying to understand the best way to treat pulmonary exacerbations. this study is trying to answer the following questions about treating a pulmonary exacerbation: * do participants have the same improvement in lung function and symptoms if they are treated with one type of antibiotic (called beta-lactams or β-lactams) versus taking two different types of antibiotics (tobramycin and β-lactams)? * is taking one type of antibiotic just as good as taking two types?

cystic fibrosis foundation (cff) treatment guidelines for the management of pulmonary exacerbations (pex) identified evidence gaps in current clinical best practices. the stop program offers a platform for the conduct of controlled trials to develop the evidence base in order to define clinical best practices. the interventional aminoglycoside study (ag study) will be a prospective, multi-center, parallel group, randomized (1:1 ratio), open-label, superiority study of intravenous aminoglycoside and β-lactams versus intravenous β-lactams only. randomization will occur at visit 1. the primary objective of this platform trial is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of differing treatments in cf pex during a planned 14 day course of iv antimicrobials. primary efficacy will be evaluated as the difference in mean percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (ppfev1) changes from visit 1 to visit 2 (day 28 ± 2 days) between intervention arms.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all genders ≥ 6 years of age at visit 1 * documentation of a cf diagnosis * clinician intent to treat index cf pex with a planned 14-day course of iv antimicrobials * at least one documented pa positive culture within two years prior to visit 1 exclusion criteria: * participant is not pregnant * no known renal impairment or history of solid organ transplantation * no iv antimicrobial treatment, icu admission, pneumothorax, or hemoptysis within 6 weeks prior to visit 1 * no use of investigational therapies, new cf transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr) modulators, or treatment for nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) within 4 weeks prior to visit 1 * no history of hypersensitivity, vestibular, or auditory toxicity with aminoglycosides * no more than one day of iv aminoglycosides administered for the current pex treatment prior to visit 1

Keywords: cystic fibrosis cf cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbation aminoglycoside beta-lactam β-lactam stop stop360
anaesthesia for supratentorial tumor resection

Conditions: Supratentorial Neoplasms

Summary: this is a double center, multidisciplinary, prospective, randomized, double-blind, with a superiority hypothesis, trial including 100 patients scheduled for resection of a supratentorial brain tumour under general anesthesia.

on the morning of surgery, patients will be randomly allocated to one of the two following groups : target concentration-delivered propofol-remifentanil versus sufentanil-sevoflurane. the primary judgement criterion will be the rapidity of awakening, defined as the time between the cessation of administration of the last anesthetic until extubation. several secondary judgement criteria related to quality of postoperative recovery and complications will be collected. the hypothesis tested is a 30% reduction of the time necessary to extubate patients after cessation of anesthetic delivery in the propofol-remifentanil group. based on previous works, using an risk of 20 % and an of 5 %, 100 patients must be included in this study (50 or each group). statistical analysis will be performed by wilcoxon mann, whitney and x2 tests based on the type of variables. the results of this study should provide a first choice anaesthetic regimen to optimize postoperative recovery of neurosurgical patients undergoing resection of supratentorial brain tumours. they will contribute to the improvement in the management of patients suffering from cancer.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient scheduled for supratentorial brain tumors remove. * age : 18 to 75. * asa 1 or 2. exclusion criteria: * disagree of patient to participate * intubation required in the postoperative care unit * contraindication of one of the anesthetics used in the study * pregnancy * craniotomy in the frontal area (no depth of anesthesia monitoring) * patient's inability to quantified its pain.

Keywords: supratentorial brain tumors propofol sevoflurane remifentanil sufentanil.
whole body vibration exercise for elderly with cognitive impairments

Conditions: Dementia

Summary: the whole body vibration exercise group will have significantly more improvement in mobility, muscle strength, balance, balance confidence, and cognitive function with a lower fall rate than the control group.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a diagnosis of mild or moderate dementia, with a clinical dementia rating (cdr) of 1 to 2, and a cantonese mini-mental state examination (cmmse) score at 10 or above but below the local cutoff for dementia (18-22, depending on education level) * able to stand for at least 1 minute with or without hand support * living in the community * having an informed consent (from the primary caregiver) exclusion criteria: * significant musculoskeletal conditions (e.g. amputations) * metal implants in the lower extremity * recent fracture in the lower extremity * vestibular disorders * peripheral vascular disease * other serious illnesses or contraindications to exercise.

Keywords: rehabilitation exercise fall muscle vibration mobility cognition
influenza vaccination to mitigate type 1 diabetes

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

Summary: in a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial to compare influenza vaccination and placebo in sustaining β cell function in early type 1 diabetes mellitus.

type 1 diabetes (t1d) is an autoimmune disease in which t cells attack and destroy the insulin-producing β cells in the pancreatic islets. in theory, immunotherapies aimed at re-programming the immune system to avoid β cell destruction is a promising strategy to prevent t1d or delay onset of overt disease. in this trial we test the hypothesis that influenza vaccination is superior to no influenza vaccination in sustaining β cell function in early t1d. secondary outcome measures include change in autoantibodies directed against antigens present in the pancreatic islets, measures of severity of disease, change in inflammatory markers, and antibody titers against the four viruses included in the vaccine. despite improvements in care, t1d is a leading cause of debilitating complications and early death globally. children with residual β cell function are at lower risk for severe hypoglycemia, have better diabetes regulation, and have lower insulin requirements compared to children without residual β cell function. thus, a simple, cheap treatment to mitigate t1d is highly warranted.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients hospitalized with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus. * written informed consent (parents, legal guardian). exclusion criteria: * influenza vaccination during the current influenza season. * strong indication for influenza vaccination for non-diabetic disease. * severe allergy to eggs or previous allergic reaction to influenza vaccine. * suspicion of febrile illness or acute, ongoing infection. * hypersensitivity to the active substances or ingredients of vaxigrip tetra or against any residues, such as eggs (ovalbumin or chicken proteins), neomycin, formaldehyde and octoxinol. * patients with endogenic or iatrogenic immunosuppression that may result in reduced immunization response. * inability to provide informed consent from a parent or legal guardian. * age \<7 or ≥18 years. * previous randomization in the invited trial.
the prevention of postoperative epidural catheter migration: a comparison of three types of dressing

Conditions: Postoperative Pain

Summary: three types of dressing will be compared to prevent postoperative epidural catheter migration. patients will be randomised to have a tegaderm dressing, an epi-fix dressing or a lockit-plus dressing to secure the epidural catheter for postoperative analgesia. the length of the epidural catheter visible at the patient's skin surface will be recorded after insertion and every day until removal. the integrity of the dressing and problems with analgesia will also be recorded.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients who receive a lumbar epidural catheter for patient controlled analgesia will be included after informed consent * 18 years or older exclusion criteria: * patients who did not sign an informed consent
treatment of medically unexplained physical ailments (somatization disorder)

Conditions: Somatoform Disorders

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare cognitive behavior therapy (cbt) to medical care-as-usual for the treatment of patients with high levels of medically unexplained physical symptoms (somatization disorder). a second goal is to examine the effectiveness of cbt in latinos, since latinos suffer a relatively high prevalence of somatization disorder.

patients with somatization disorder suffer from medically unexplained physical ailments and experience significant distress and disability. this disorder is an important problem for the primary health care system because patients with somatization disorder use health care resources extensively but receive little benefit. to date, no medical or psychiatric intervention has been demonstrated in controlled trials to produce clinically significant and lasting symptom relief or improved functional status in somatization disorder patients. patients in primary care settings with multiple unexplained symptoms are treated with 10 weekly sessions of cbt or "treatment as usual." physical symptoms, comorbid psychiatric symptoms, disability, and health care utilization are measured and assessed through a combination of structured interviews and self-reports. assessments are performed at study start, mid-treatment, end of treatment, and at a 6-month follow-up.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * somatization disorder exclusion criteria: * bipolar disorder * schizophrenia or other psychosis * major depression
a phase ii study to evaluate the additivity of trabodenoson to latanoprost in adults with ocular hypertension or primary open-angle glaucoma

Conditions: Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG); Ocular Hypertension (OHT)

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the intraocular pressure (iop) lowering efficacy and the safety and tolerability profile of trabodenoson ophthalmic formulation compared to timolol maleate ophthalmic solution 0.5% in adults with ocular hypertension (oht) or primary open-angle glaucoma (poag) who are already receiving treatment with latanoprost ophthalmic solution 0.005% once every evening (qpm).

criteria inclusion criteria: 1. subject has signed and dated the current informed consent form (icf). 2. subject has the diagnosis of ocular hypertension (oht) or primary open-angle glaucoma (poag) (excluding secondary, pseudo-exfoliation, and pigment dispersion glaucomas). 3. aged 18 or older. 4. mean intraocular pressure (iop) of ≥24 and ≤34 mm hg. exclusion criteria: 1. no significant visual field loss or any new field loss within the past year. 2. cup-to-disc ratio ≥0.8 3. central corneal thickness \ 600 µm 4. a recent (acute) or chronic medical condition that might obfuscate the subject's study data

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subject has signed and dated the current informed consent form (icf). 2. subject has the diagnosis of ocular hypertension (oht) or primary open-angle glaucoma (poag) (excluding secondary, pseudo-exfoliation, and pigment dispersion glaucomas). 3. aged 18 or older. 4. mean intraocular pressure (iop) of ≥24 and ≤34 mm hg. exclusion criteria: 1. no significant visual field loss or any new field loss within the past year. 2. cup-to-disc ratio ≥0.8 3. central corneal thickness \ 600 µm 4. a recent (acute) or chronic medical condition that might obfuscate the subject's study data

Keywords: glaucoma primary open angle glaucoma ocular hypertension adenosine agonist eye drop trabodenoson trabecular meshwork
a study of single doses of abt-072 in japanese healthy male adults

Conditions: Hepatitis C

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of blinded, single ascending oral doses of abt 072 under non-fasting conditions in healthy adult japanese male subjects.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * overall healthy adult japanese males exclusion criteria: * use of any medications (prescription and over-the-counter), vitamins, or herbal supplements within the 2-week period prior to the first dose of study drug administration or within 10 half-lives of the respective medication, whichever is longer. * positive test result for hepatitis a virus immunoglobulin m (hav-igm), hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), hepatitis c virus antibody (hcv ab), or hiv antibodies (hiv ab). * positive screen for drugs of abuse, alcohol, or cotinine. * clinically significant cardiovascular, respiratory (except mild asthma), renal, gastrointestinal, hematologic, neurologic, thyroid, or any uncontrolled medical illness or psychiatric disorder. * use of tobacco or nicotine-containing products within the 6-month period preceding study drug administration.

Keywords: healthy volunteers hcv infections
mindfulness for lung cancer patients and partners

Conditions: Lung Cancer

Summary: the aim of the current study is to examine the (cost)effectiveness of mindfulness based stress reduction (mbsr) in comparison with treatment as usual for patients with lung cancer and their partners.

receiving a diagnosis of cancer is a major cause of distress and is usually characterized by anxiety and depression. compared to patients with other cancer diagnoses, patients with lung cancer report higher levels of distress, which probably can be explained by the poor prognosis. at the time of diagnosis, lung cancer is often locally or systematically advanced and 5-year survival is only 15 percent. mindfulness based stress reduction (mbsr) is a recently developed psychological intervention that appears to be promising in terms of reducing psychological distress in cancer patients. it consists of 8 weekly group sessions in which formal and informal mindfulness practices are practiced. as most of the earlier studies have been conducted in patients with breast cancer, it is important to examine the effectiveness of this approach in patients with other types of cancer, such as lung cancer. furthermore, a diagnosis of cancer is not only highly distressing for the patient but also for the partner and family. in this study, the (cost)effectiveness of mbsr compared with treatment as usual will be investigated in 110 patients with lung cancer and 110 partners.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * cytologically or histologically proven non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. * patients can participate after lung cancer diagnosis, from start of treatment or after treatment. * sufficient understanding of dutch language. exclusion criteria: * former participation in mbsr or mbct course. * current psychological treatment by psychologist or psychiatrist. * cognitive impairments hampering participation in mbsr and completion of questionnaires. * physical impairments prohibiting participation in mbsr training.

Keywords: mindfulness based stress reduction lung cancer psychological distress caretakers