Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
micro-expressions in patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness

Conditions: Consciousness Disorders

Summary: the goal of this observational study is to learn about the microexpressions in patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness. the main questions it aims to answer are: * inducing micro-expression changes in patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness through various emotional stimuli, and further to achieve precise classification of their levels of consciousness. * detecting micro-expressions in patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness to assist clinical diagnosis of levels of consciousness, e.g., complement the disgnosis of clinical scales such as crs-r scale. * by monitoring micro-expression changes in patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness, researchers can explore their residual brain function, thereby advancing research into relevant neural mechanisms. participants will be subjected to consciousness assessment by crs-r scale, and their micro-expression changes in response to various emotional stimuli will be captured, along with the collection of eeg and mri data. follow-up evaluations will be conducted using the crs-r scale and gos scale, with a follow-up period of 6 months.

in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of about 200 participants will be recruited, including about 150 confirmed cases of prolonged disorders of consciousness and 50 healthy control subjects (hcs). utilizing the random split algorithm from the machine learning library sklearn, the dataset will be randomly divided into a training set (70%) and a testing set (30%). general information about the participants such as age, gender, time and location of injury, as well as medical history, family history, medication history, and surgical history will be collected. participants will undergo dual-person, multiple assessments using the crs-r scale to evaluate auditory, visual, motor, speech responsiveness, communication, and arousal levels. micro-expression changes in response to various emotional stimuli will be collected, along with eeg and mri data. follow-up evaluations will be conducted on all enrolled patients using the crs-r scale and the gos scale, with a follow-up period of 6 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients with consciousness disorders for more than 28 days following severe brain injury, assessed by the crs-r scale to meet the criteria for vs or mcs; 2. aged between 18 and 80 years; 3. stable vital signs; 4. voluntary participation of family members with signed informed consent; 5. good cooperation, minimal facial and spontaneous activities, no use of antiepileptic or sedative drugs. exclusion criteria: 1. locked-in syndrome; 2. contraindications for eeg examination; 3. contraindications for mri scanning, such as the presence of internal metallic implants; 4. diseases and factors that may affect brain function assessment, such as metabolic disorders, poisoning, shock, etc.

Keywords: disorders of consciousness consciousness disorders microexpressions emotional stimuli consciousness
hemodialysis vitamin d pilot

Conditions: Vitamin D Deficiency; Renal Failure Chronic Requiring Hemodialysis

Summary: vitamin d is a prohormone obtained through diet, supplementation, or sun exposure. once absorbed, this nutritional vitamin d undergoes a two-step reaction in the liver and in the kidney to become the active hormone, calcitriol. besides the kidney, many other body tissues are capable of local vitamin d activation. this local tissue activity is important for maintenance of health and relies on adequate levels of nutritional vitamin d. not only are dialysis patients deficient in calcitriol due to kidney failure, but they are also deficiency in nutritional vitamin d. low levels of vitamin d have been associated with higher rates of death, heart and blood vessel disease, osteoporosis, falls, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. despite this, there is a lack of randomized controlled trials (rct) examining the effects of nutritional vitamin d in hemodialysis (hd) patients. the investigators hypothesize that long-term supplementation with nutritional vitamin d in hd patients improves survival and cardiovascular outcomes. before embarking on a large scale rct, the investigators propose a small pilot rct with 20 hemodialysis patients to: i) to determine the effects of cholecalciferol (vitamin d3) in raising blood vitamin d levels; ii) to determine the feasibility and barriers to successful randomization and adherence to treatment protocols, which will inform subsequent studies.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. participant is ≥ 18 years 2. participant is on hemodialysis ≥ 3 months exclusion criteria: 3. serum calcium \>2.75 mmol/l 4. on concurrent vitamin d treatment ≥ 800 iu/day. includes ergocalciferol, cholecalciferol, calcedidiol, over-the-counter vitamin d. does not include one-alpha calcidol (one alfa®) or 1, 25 di-hydroxy-d3 (rocaltrol® or calcijex®) 5. known hypersensitivity or allergy to vitamin d 6. end stage liver disease 7. severe untreated malabsorption or resection of large segment of small bowel 8. lack of informed consent or inability to consent 9. currently enrolled in a rct

Keywords: vitamin d cholecalciferol hemodialysis randomized controlled trial pilot
factors affecting the cure of overactive bladder syndrome in women underwent mid-urethral sling procedure

Conditions: Stress Urinary Incontinence

Summary: we will estimate the incidence of patients with overactive bladder syndrome after surgery and explore related predictors.

at present, around 30% of women with stress urinary incontinence have overactive bladder syndrome after mid-urethral sling procedure. but its predictive factor is still unclear. we will estimate the incidence of patients with overactive bladder syndrome after surgery and explore related predictors. in addition, we will explore the cure rate and predictors of cure of overactive bladder syndrome after the mid-urethral sling procedure for women with stress urinary incontinence. the above results will be used as a reference for preoperative and postoperative consultation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all women with stress urinary incontinence who underwent mid-urethral sling procedure from january 01, 2008 to july 31, 2019 will be reviewed. exclusion criteria: * patients undergoing other gynecological operations at the same time, except for cystoscopy.
yoga for persistent pain related to oncology surgery

Conditions: Persistent Postoperative Pain

Summary: this randomized controlled trial will evaluate a yoga intervention for individuals who experience persistent pain following oncology surgery. the integrated yoga program will involve postures, breathing exercises, and concentration practices. data will be collected at several time points (pre-, mid-, and post-intervention) for both the intervention and wait-list control conditions. the data will be analysed using linear mixed effects growth models. results will be written up in manuscript format, published in a peer review journal, and disseminated at scientific research conferences.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. is a patient at specific pain clinics 2. has undergone oncology surgery prior to commencing the yoga intervention 3. is 18 years of age or older 4. is able to speak and read english 5. is able to commit to one weekly, one hour yoga classes for eight weeks 6. is able to provide a note from their physician or kinesiologist indicating that it is safe for them to participate in a gentle physical activity intervention, such as yoga exclusion criteria: 1. has pre-existing medical contraindications that preclude participation 2. has cognitive limitations or language comprehension issues that would impact participation 3. have had a regular yoga practice in the last six months 4. documented personality disorder 5. pregnant women 6. current enrollment in another research trial evaluating a mind-body intervention
short versus standard intramedullary nail for trochanteric hip fractures

Conditions: Hip Fracture

Summary: in england each year over 65,000 people fracture their hip. most of these patients are elderly females with the fracture occurring after a simple trip or stumble. approximately half of these fractures are classified from their relationship to the hip joint capsule as extracapsular. the majority of these fractures are treated surgically by internal fixation using, either a plate and screws (sliding hip screw) or nail and screws (intramedullary nail). recent randomised studies from peterborough involving 1000 patients have indicated that there are modest benefits for treating this type of fracture with an intramedullary nail in comparison to a sliding hip screw. this study aims to progress from these earlier studies to determine if a slightly thinner and shorter intramedullary nail (175mm in length), has any significant advantages or disadvantages to the standard length (220mm) intramedullary nail. both implants to be used in this study are in routine use around the world and are being used within their licenced indication. the study is therefore using two different designs of implant within their recommended area of use, but in which there is uncertainty as to which is the best design.

the trial will be run as close to the ideal trial methodology for a randomised trial as specified by the consort statement as possible. this will include secure randomisation, intention to treat analysis, full reporting of outcomes and clinical follow-up by a person who is blinded to the prosthesis used. the trial will follow the code of good clinical practice as specified by the hospital trusts research and development committee. in peterborough all hip fracture patients are admitted to the acute trauma ward and transferred to the care of the chief investigator (mr martyn parker (mjp)). those patients that are willing to participant in this randomised trial are consented prior to surgery. treatment follows standard evidence based protocols with follow-up of all patients in a hip fracture clinic. a comprehensive database is maintained for all patients containing both audit and research data. included in this is a standardised assessment of outcome.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients admitted to peterborough city hospital with a trochanteric hip fracture (type a1 type a2) that is to be treated by internal fixation with an intramedullary nail. exclusion criteria: * patients who decline to participate or in whom consent or assent is not available * patients admitted when mjp is not available to supervise treatment * patients with pathological fractures from paget's disease of bone secondaries from tumour * patients with a subtrochanteric fracture and those of the reversed and transverse fracture type (a3 fractures)
rapid strep testing in children with recent streptococcal pharyngitis

Conditions: Streptococcal Infections

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine if the rapid antigen detection test for group a streptococcal pharyngitis diagnosis might yield higher rates of false positive results in patients who have been treated for gas pharyngitis within 28 days of the test.

strep pharyngitis, or strep throat, is a common infection afflicting children, aged 2 and above. testing for strep pharyngitis consists of a rapid test and/or a throat culture. however, it has been observed that rapid testing may not be accurate in children with a recent history of strep pharyngitis. therefore, this study aims to determine the accuracy of rapid strep testing in children who are presenting with symptoms of strep throat, who also have a recent history of and treatment for strep pharyngitis. by demonstrating an inaccuracy in rapid strep testing in patients with a recent history of strep pharyngitis, unnecessary testing and antibiotic use may be decreased, thereby reducing costs, overuse of antibiotics, and antibiotic resistance. the participants in the study will include 600 children, aged 2 to 20 years old, selected from a private practice in northern virginia who present to the practice with signs or symptoms suggestive of acute pharyngitis. subjects are children who are presenting with signs and symptoms suggestive of acute pharyngitis by the centor criteria, including sore throat, fever, abdominal pain and cervical lymphadenitis. any child with above presenting symptoms who is to undergo streptococcus rapid antigen testing will be recruited to participate in the study. a letter of consent will be provided to the parents and guardians of the involved child, stating that the study will be voluntary and confidential, and that all results will be kept in a safe environment. investigators will be testing the difference between two proportions, the false positive rate in previously treated compared to those not treated.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 2-20 years old * current signs and symptoms suggestive of acute pharyngitis, including sore throat, fever, abdominal pain and cervical lymphadenitis. exclusion criteria: * potential subjects who have been treated with less than 10 days of antibiotic therapy * patients who report non-compliance with previous antibiotic therapy * patients who have already been included in the study and children with evidence of gas carrier status

Keywords: streptococcal infections rapid strep testing rapid antigen detection test
prevalence and causes of preventable and serious adverse drug reactions related to the use of oral anticoagulants

Conditions: Embolism and Thrombosis; Hemorrhage

Summary: the purpose of this study is to investigate the preventability of serious adverse drug reactions (adrs) related to the use of direct oral anticoagulants (doacs). the investigators also aim at identifying the underlying causes of these preventable adrs. the endpoint measurements will be compared with a group of patients taking vitamin-k antagonists (vkas). for this purpose, a protocol for a prospective observational study was developed. the study was approved by the ethics committee of the chu ucl namur (site godinne) and the cliniques universitaires saint-luc. patients admitted to the emergency department of these two teaching hospitals with a thrombotic or a bleeding event while under doac or vka are included. after a comprehensive medication history, the appropriateness of prescribing is evaluated, using an adapted version of the medication appropriateness index. causality, severity and preventability of adverse events are assessed by two pharmacists and two hematologists using predefined scales. second, for cases of serious and preventable adrs, semi-structured interviews are performed with general practitioners to understand the underlying causes of medication errors. based on the results, risk-minimization strategies that specifically target the problems encountered in clinical practice will be proposed.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * admitted to the emergency department * presenting a thrombotic or a bleeding event * prescribed noac (rivaroxaban, dabigatran etexilate or apixaban) or vka
colorectal cancer prehabilitation in changi general hospital

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer

Summary: cancer prehabilitation typically involves multiple pre-op visits. the investigators aim to assess the impact of their novel model, a "one-stop "service by a small, "levelled-up" core team on newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients planned for surgery.

objective cancer prehabilitation typically involves multiple pre-op visits. the investigators aim to assess the impact of their novel model, a "one-stop "service by a small, "levelled-up" core team on newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients planned for surgery. design this is a before-after trial in a tertiary public hospital in singapore, involving all newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients planned for surgery who are referred to the cancer prehabilitation program. the primary outcome measure is the 6-minute-walk-test. others include physical, psychological, quality-of-life and post-operative measures, and patient-satisfaction-surveys, taken at baseline, pre-operatively (post-prehabilitation), and 3-months-post-operatively. keywords: colorectal; cancer prehabilitation; novel; model of care

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. all newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients planned for surgery in changi general hospital, singapore exclusion criteria: 1. patients' refusal to participate

Keywords: colorectal cancer prehabilitation novel model of care
the role of pyruvate kinase m2 in growth, invasion and drug resistance in human urothelial carcinoma

Conditions: Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma

Summary: bladder urothelial carcinoma (uc) is a common malignancy and the incidence is increasing by years in taiwan. chemoresistance was inevitable in treatment of metastatic disease and lead to the ominous outcomes. to develop novel therapeutic strategies to overcome chemoresistance is imperative. cancer cells uptake glucose at higher rates than normal tissue but use most of glucose for glycolysis even under normoxia condition, which is known as the warburg effect. pyruvate kinase (pk) catalyzes the last step in the process of glycolysis, and one of it isoform--pkm2 has been reported to be associated with tumor progression and some specific tissues and promotes the warburg effect in cancer cells.

regulation of pkm2 can be a novel target of cancer therapy. meanwhile, pkm2 may play a critical role in the development of drug resistance and can be a promising target to overcome drug resistance. in this study, our specific aims are as follows: 1. to prove the differentia expression levels of pkm2 in uc cells and drug-resistant uc cells, as well as in human uc tissues and drug-resistant uc tissues. 2. to examine the effect of pkm2 regulations（pkm2 sirna and shikonin）on invasiveness and metastatic ability of uc cells and clarify the role of pkm2 in human uc cells. 3. to investigate the combinatory effect of pkm2 regulations（pkm2 sirna and shikonin）and currently used chemotherapeutic agents (cisplatin，gemcitabine ,doxorubicin). do pkm2 regulations enhance the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapy and overcome the chemoresistance？ 4. to further prove the in vitro findings in the nude mice xenograft model。

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with age between 20-80 years old and had taken radical cystectomy or nephrectomy between 2008-2012 exclusion criteria: * patients with age not located in the interval of 20-80 years old.

Keywords: bladder urothelial carcinoma (uc) pyruvate kinase drug resistance shikonin
durability and tolerability of infliximab in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease patients: a 10 year single center experience

Conditions: Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Summary: there is little data published on the long term durability of infliximab in pediatric patients. in particular a focus on durable remission, frequency of dose/frequency change and switch within class. moreover 10 years of safety experience is rarely reported in children. the overall objective is to evaluate the persistence of infliximab as well as dosing strategies in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) patients and safety of infliximab regarding persistence of infliximab the investigators will be focusing on the proportion of patients who continue to have a durable response or remission to infliximab. the investigators will be assessing this by measuring the frequency of dose escalation, proportion of patients needing frequency change and proportion of patients switched to adalimumab or certolizumab. safety outcomes will focus on frequency of malignancies, infections and immunogenecity


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all individuals who received at least 2 doses of infliximab before the age of 16 at the pediatric ibd center at cedars sinai medical center for the treatment of crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis able to give consent exclusion criteria: * not exposed to infliximab

Keywords: pediatric ibd
evaluation of plenum® tissue ortho to prevent epidural fibrosis and post-laminectomy syndrome.

Conditions: Herniated Disk Lumbar

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to compare if adding a polydioxanone membrane prevents epidural fibrosis and, consequently, the rate of occurrence of the post-laminectomy syndrome in participants undergoing microdiscectomy for treatment of disc herniation.

participants will be submitted to microdiscectomy with the addition of a polydioxanone membrane over the dura mater in the test group and without in the control group. the groups will be compared regarding improving patients' quality of life, evaluation of epidural fibrosis, and device safety.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pain radiating to one of the legs confirmed with an mri scan; * patients who have already undergone conservative treatment (treatment with medication and physiotherapy) for at least 6 weeks, but have not shown improvement; * non-pregnant women or women of childbearing age who use contraceptive methods; * having signed the free and informed consent form (tcle). exclusion criteria: * patients with concomitant pathologies (eg infection or tumor and segmental instability or vertebral fractures); * cauda equina syndrome; * strength deficit characterized by strength equal to or less than iii/v; * previous surgery of the lumbar spine; * patientes who have wound healing disorders; * patients with contraindications for evaluating mri with the use of contrast; * more than 1 herniated disk.
ribavirin, its dosing regime

Conditions: Hepatitis C

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine if the medicines for chronic hepatitis c can be taken once daily, instead of twice daily.

the standard treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis c infection (hcv) is treatment with ribavirin. actually, the compliance (2x daily) seems to be a problem. to increase patients' compliance, it is investigated if the total dose of ribavirin can be taken once daily. the pharmacokinetics of ribavirin at different dosage regimes is investigated.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * anti-hcv positivity \> 6 months * positive hcv-rna genotype 1 or 4 * liver biopsy within one year before the start of therapy * intention to be treated and participate treatment * body weight at or above 75 kg exclusion criteria: * hiv positive

Keywords: hepatitis c ribavirin dosage pharmacokinetics