Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
optimizing prescribing of antipsychotics in long-term care

Conditions: Dementia

Summary: inappropriate antipsychotic prescribing is a key quality indicator by which clinical outcomes might be monitored and improved in ltc. a multi component intervention to reduce inappropriate antipsychotic prescribing was evaluated in ten canadian long-term care facilities.

increasing numbers of older adults are affected by dementia, and many will eventually reside in long-term care (ltc), where antipsychotic use is relatively common. inappropriate antipsychotic prescribing is a key quality indicator by which clinical outcomes might be monitored and improved in ltc but limited evidence exists on the most effective strategies for reducing inappropriate antipsychotic use. the objective of the study was to evaluate a multicomponent approach to reduce inappropriate prescribing of antipsychotics in ltc. a prospective, randomized stepped-wedge, study design was used to evaluate the effect of the intervention in 10 ltc facilities in canada. the intervention consisted of an educational in-service, provision of evidence-based tools to assess and monitor neuropsychiatric symptoms (nps) and monthly interprofessional team meetings.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of dementia * receiving an antipsychotic medication without a diagnosis of psychosis exclusion criteria: * diagnoses of schizophrenia, huntington's disease * presence of active hallucinations and/or delusions * individuals at end of live or receiving palliative care

Keywords: antipsychotic nursing home long-term care
imrt combined with erlotinib for egfr wild type non-small cell lung cancer with 4-10 brain metastases

Conditions: Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma

Summary: this study is to assess the efficacy of imrt combined with erlotinib compared with whole-brain radiotherapy for egfr wild type non-small cell lung cancer with 4-10 brain metastases.

this study is to assess the efficacy of imrt combined with erlotinib compared with whole-brain radiotherapy for egfr wild type non-small cell lung cancer with 4-10 brain metastases. all patients recruited will be randomly assigned into two groups. patients in experimental group will receive daily imrt at 45 gy in 15 fractions to brain metastases, combined with daily erlotinib of 150mg for three weeks. patients in control group will receive daily whole-brain radiotherapy at 30 gy in 10 fractions.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pathologically confirmed nsclc and wild type egfr * 4-10 brain metastases on high quality ct scanning or mri. * no previous egfr-tki treatment. * no previous brain radiotherapy. * more than 4 weeks from last chemotherapy. * expected survival of at least 2 months. * kps≥ 70 * rtog rpa performance status 0-1 * lab tests should meet these criteria: white blood cell count ≥3×10\^9 /l;platelet count≥100×10\^9 /l;total bilirubin 1.5 times or less the upper limits of normal (uln); ast and alt 1.5 times or less the uln; serum creatinine 1.5 times or less the uln or creatinine clearance rate(ccr) greater than or equal to 60 ml/min. * pregnancy test (-) * be able to sign informed consent form. exclusion criteria: * with unstable systematical diseases (concluding acute infection, grade 4 hypertension, unstable angina pectoris, congestive heart failure, hepatopathy, nephropathy, metabolic diseases) * with metastases on meninges. * taking antiepileptics (phenytoin sodium etc.) at the same time * unable to oral medication. * previous or recent another malignancy, except for nonmelanoma skin cancer or cervical cancer in situ

Keywords: non-small cell lung cancer imrt erlotinib whole-brain radiotherapy
an observational, ambispective cohort study of azvudine in the treatment of patients with covid-19 pneumonia

Conditions: COVID-19 Respiratory Infection

Summary: this is a multicenter, ambispective observational cohort study. the patients with corona virus disease 2019 (covid-19) will be included in the study. the patients will be divided into 4 groups according to the treatment mode (azvudine treatment group within 48 hours after the first positive for nucleic acid, azvudine treatment group after 48 hours after the first positive for nucleic acid, short course of azvudine treatment without nucleic acid turning negative, and the control group) . this study aims to analyze the efficacy and safety of azvudine in the treatment of patients with covid-19.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with confirmed diagnosis of covid-19 pneumonia * patients with the ability to take medication orally exclusion criteria: * severe vomiting and difficulty in taking oral medication or ingestion of drugs after oral administration * suspected or confirmed active systemic infection other than covid-19 pneumonia * pregnant or lactating women * patients with mental disorders * patients with severe liver damage * patients who are treated with small molecule drugs such as nirmatrelvir tablets/ritonavir tablets(co-packaged) * patients who are treated with rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) inhibitors (junshipharma vv116, ascletis pharma inc. asc10, kexing biopharm shen26, and molnupiravir).
combined effects of diaphragm strengthening and accessory muscles stretchings in asthma patients

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: asthma is a multifactorial and chronic inflammatory disease in older patients affecting many people worldwide with high cost of pharmacological treatment and physiotherapy interventions. it is characterized by a variety of symptoms including airway inflammation, bronchial hyper-responsiveness, and transient and reversible airway obstruction. typical clinical features include wheezing, coughing, resting and/or exertional dyspnea, and chest tightness. lung hyperinflation affects ability to inspire and increases the work of breathing. long and short acting corticosteroids and leukotriene are considered effective pharmacological interventions while inspiratory muscle training, incentive spirometry, purse lip breathing, and diaphragm strengthening are considered effective physiotherapy interventions for asthma patients. to find the combined effects of diaphragm strengthening and accessory muscle stretching on chest expansion, pulmonary function, dyspnea and exercise capacity in asthmatic patients. a randomized controlled trial will be conducted at gulab davi teaching hospital lahore through convenient sampling technique on 40 patients which will be allocated through concealed opaque envelop into group a and group pretreatment values of pulmonary function and chest expansion will be recorded. and patient's perception of exertion through modified borg's rating of perceived exertion (rpe) and hrqol for quality of life will be assessed before and after treatment. group a will be treated with diaphragm strengthening and group b will be treated with diaphragm strengthening and accessory muscles stretching. treatment evaluation will be done after 4 weeks. data will be analyzed using spss software version 25. after assessing normality of data by shapiro-wilk test, it will be decided either parametric or non-parametric test will be use within a group or between two groups.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age group of 40-65 years * both male and females * phase-2 asthma patients * patients hemodynamically stable exclusion criteria: * patients having pulmonary tumors * patients of having cough and sputum * patients having tb and emphysema * patients with pneumonia, pneumonectomy or other lungs surgical procedures
comparison of proportional assist ventilation and neurally adjusted ventilator assist

Conditions: Acute Respiratory Failure

Summary: in spontaneously breathing mechanically ventilated patients, the adequacy between the patient's demand and the level of respiratory support delivered by the ventilator is a major clinical issue. neurally adjusted ventilator assist (nava) and proportional assist ventilation (pav) have been developed to adapt the level of assistance to the patient's demand. these two modes have been compared to pressure support ventilation (psv) but have not been compared to each other.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * intubated patients. * mechanical ventilation for a respiratory reason. * expected duration of mechanical ventilation \> 48 hrs. * spontaneous breathing. * sedations stopped for more than 24 hours. exclusion criteria: * - main contra indications to nava: gastro-oesophageal surgery in the previous 12 months, oesophageal obstruction, gastro-esophageal bleeding in the previous 30 days, history of esophageal varices, facial trauma or surgery, neuromuscular diseases, individuals with known or suspected phrenic nerve dysfunction. * main contra indications to pav: airway leak, body weight \<25 kg, neuromuscular diseases. * hemodynamic instability defined as the current administration of vasopressors or inotropic drugs. * severe hypoxemia defined as pao2/fio2 ratio \<200. * decision to withhold life-sustaining treatment. * pregnant women. * minors \< 18 years.

Keywords: nava - pav- breathing variability - asynchrony
quality of life effects of laparoscopic and open surgery in inguinal hernia treatment

Conditions: İnguinal Hernia

Summary: inguinal hernia is the most common type of hernia, presenting with swelling and pain in the groin area as clinical signs of abdominal wall hernias. the gold standard treatment for symptomatic inguinal hernias is surgery. there are various surgical methods for inguinal hernia repair. tissue repair techniques such as bassini, shouldice, and mcvay are no longer preferred due to their high recurrence rates, except in cases where mesh prosthetics are contraindicated. tension-free mesh prosthesis-based anterior repairs and laparoscopic posterior repairs are the most frequently preferred methods in treatment. (1) in our study, we aimed to evaluate the quality of life index following laparoscopic extraperitoneal hernia repair using the most commonly preferred lichtenstein technique. (2,3) the short form-36 (sf-36) scale is planned to be used for evaluating the quality of life index. sf-36 is one of the most commonly used generic measures for assessing quality of life. this scale examines eight dimensions of health, including physical function, social function, mental health, vitality (energy), pain, and general health perception, through 36 items. (4) our study aims to determine which surgical method, based on long-term patient follow-up, stands out in improving the quality of life.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * open and laparoscopic hernia repair surgery being over 18 years old approve the work exclusion criteria: * being under 18 years old emergency operated patients patients using surgical techniques other than the open liechtenstein method and laparoscopic extraperitoneal methods patients who do not consent

Keywords: inguinal hernia, short form-36, total extraperitoneal(tep) hernia repair, liechtenstein hernia repair
gene expression and biomarker profiling of keloid skin

Conditions: Keloid; Keloid of Ear Lobe; Healthy Adults

Summary: this study aims to examine both the genetic profile and the biomarkers implicated in keloid scar formation. hypothesis: 1. differences in the genetic profiles of lesional and non-lesional skin contribute a given population's propensity to develop keloids 2. differences in biomolecules expressed in subjects with and without keloids can help predict keloid occurrence and severity 3. biomarker analysis will provide useful insights for future targeted therapies for keloid scars

objectives: 1. determine gene expression profiles of keloid scar tissue using samples collected longitudinally 2. define and compare the molecular biomarkers of keloid scars in keloid (lesional) and non-lesional skin biopsies and serum samples from adult subjects

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient with an untreated keloid scar or a patient with a keloid scar that has not had treatment for at least 6 months before time of enrollment * patients without keloids coming into the dermatology clinic for a keloid unrelated issue (group 5 only) exclusion criteria: * patients who have had treatment of their keloid scar within 6 months of date of enrollment

Keywords: keloid
magnetic resonance imaging follow-up on temporomandibular arthritis in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Conditions: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Summary: children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (jia) suffer in up to 87% of the cases of arthritis of the temporomandibular joints (tmjs). magnetic resonance imaging (mri) is the only modality for the early diagnosis of tmj involvement. aim of the study is to compare symptoms and clinical findings with mri and ultrasonography results and to describe the action of the current medication on the arthritis of the tmjs.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children with defined jia. exclusion criteria: * children without defined diagnosis of jia.

Keywords: jia
marrow cellution™ vs. traditional bma harvest project

Conditions: Hip Arthropathy; Avascular Necrosis of Bone; Subchondral Cysts

Summary: six patients with diagnosed bone loss of the hip who have consented to minimally invasive repair will be approached to participate in the study. participants will have the liquid portion of bone marrow collected using the zimmer biomet biocue system, which is the standard system used by physicians at the ohio state university, and the novel marrow cellutions system™. bone marrow liquid will be collected from the surgical hip using the zimmer biomet biocue system, and the marrow cellutions system™ will be used to collect bone marrow liquid from the non-surgical hip. following collection, the bone marrow liquid will be processed using the respective systems to concentrate the cells and molecules found in the bone marrow liquid. as part of the standard of care for this arthroscopic procedure, concentrated bone marrow liquid processed using the zimmer biomet biocue system will be delivered to the surgical site as an adjunct to promote healing. concentrated bone marrow liquid prepared with the zimmer biomet biocue system is given as part of the standard of care for patients undergoing minimally invasive treatment for bone loss of the hip; therefore, the target population for this study are individuals between the ages of 18-50 years with confirmed bone loss of the hip who have consented to minimally invasive repair. in addition to the concentrated bone marrow liquid prepared using the zimmer biomet biocue system, patients will also have bone marrow liquid collected from the non-surgical hip using the marrow cellutions™ system. only concentrated bone marrow liquid produced with the zimmer biomet biocue system will be given to the patient. all concentrated bone marrow liquid produced with the marrow cellutions™ system will be sent to the laboratory for analysis. additionally, white blood cells will be concentrated into an autologous protein solution (aps) using the zimmer biomet plasmax system from blood collected using a routine blood draw. all protein solution produced will be sent to the laboratory for analysis. no protein solution will be given to the patient. as the bone marrow liquid collection using the marrow cellutions™ system and the blood draw to produce protein solution using the zimmer biomet plasmax system are being performed for research,

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Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged 18 - 50 * patients undergoing hip arthroscopy for subchondral bone cysts and/or avascular necrosis exclusion criteria: * patients with a history of hematologic issues including anemia and sickle cell anemia * patients with a history of leukemia, lymphoma, or other bone marrow related diseases * patients with diabetes * patients with a history of bone marrow aspirate
anatomy-based fitting in unexperienced cochlear implant users

Conditions: Influence of Anatomy Based Frequency Mapping on Speech Outcomes and Hearing Related Measures

Summary: the present study investigates ci users' potential differences in speech tests, other performance measures (i.e. pitch-matching, perception of timbre and melodic intervals, consonance perception), and patient-reported outcome (i.e. questionnaires) between the clinical fitting map and anatomy-based fitting in two groups of ci users (one with standard fitting and one with anatomy-based fitting).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * post-lingual onset of severe to profound sensory-neural hearing loss in the implanted ear(s) * post-op ct scan of the ci electrode available * subject implanted with med-el cochlear implant(s) * subjects received a flex28, flexsoft and standard electrode * subject planned to receive a sonnet 2 or rondo 3 audio processor on the newly implanted side * audio processor not yet activated on the newly implanted side * the most apical active electrode contact has to be inserted at least 450° * minimum of 10 active channels can be activated * fluent in the language of the test centre * signed and dated icf before the start of any study-specific procedure exclusion criteria: * lack of compliance with any inclusion criteria * eas user (user of an eas audio processor) * implanted with c40+, c40x and c40c * implanted with an abi or split electrode array * anything that, in the opinion of the investigator, would place the subject at increased risk or preclude the subject's full compliance with or completion of the study
a comparison of two exercise programs on knee motor control

Conditions: Knee Pain; Patellofemoral Pain

Summary: pain at the front of the knee is a common condition treated by physical therapists. treatment may consist of generalised strengthening exercises directed at the quadriceps muscle or specific retraining aimed at restoring motor control at the knee. this study compared these two exercise programs in a group of people who were painfree at the time to evaluate their effect on motor control. it was hypothesised that only the motor retraining program would influence motor control at the knee.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged between 16-40 years, with the upper age limit to reduce the likelihood of osteoarthritic changes in the patellofemoral joint * a self-reported history of anterior or retropatellar knee pain with insidious onset of symptoms and with at least one episode of pain in the past 12 months where pain was aggravated by at least two of the following: prolonged sitting, stairs, squat, running, kneeling and hopping/jumping * currently asymptomatic for at least 8 weeks prior to assessment * delay in the onset of vmo emg relative to that of vl of greater than 10 ms during either the ascent or descent of a stair stepping task exclusion criteria: * current knee pain * history of knee surgery or other knee injury in previous 12 months * physiotherapy treatment for knee pain in the past 12 months * history of patellar dislocation/subluxation * clinical evidence of meniscal lesion, ligamentous instability, traction apophysitis around the patellofemoral complex, patellar tendon pathology, chondral damage, osteoarthritis and spinal referred pain * current lower limb pathology affecting their ability to satisfactorily complete the testing or exercise protocol * current use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory or corticosteroid drugs * inability to communicate and comprehend written or verbal instructions in english

Keywords: knee pain exercise rehabilitation
isavuconazole (bal8557) for primary treatment of invasive aspergillosis

Conditions: Aspergillosis; Invasive Fungal Infection

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of isavuconazole versus voriconazole in the treatment of patients with invasive aspergillosis.

acute invasive fungal infections caused by aspergillus, zygomycetes and other filamentous fungi remain life threatening diseases. early treatment with highly effective anti-fungals reduces mortality. this study investigates the efficacy and safety of isavuconazole in the treatment of invasive fungal diseases, caused by aspergillus or other filamentous fungi.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients must have proven, probable or possible invasive fungal disease caused by aspergillus species or other filamentous fungi * female patients must be non-lactating and at no risk for pregnancy exclusion criteria: * patients with invasive fungal infections other than aspergillus species or other filamentous fungi * evidence of hepatic dysfunction at baseline or moderate to severe renal dysfunction * patients with chronic aspergillosis, or aspergilloma or allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis * patients who have received more than 4 days of systemic antifungal therapy other than fluconazole within the 7 days prior to the first administration of study medication * patients previously enrolled in a phase iii study with isavuconazole * patients with a body weight \</= 40 kg

Keywords: invasive fungal disease bal8557 isavuconazole asp9766 filamentous fungi phase iii aspergillus species
impact of sbi, a medical food, on nutritional status in patients with hiv-associated enteropathy

Conditions: HIV-associated Enteropathy

Summary: the purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the oral nutritional therapy serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin protein isolate (sbi) 2.5 g twice a day (bid) and sbi 5.0 g versus placebo on supporting nutrient absorption in hiv+ subjects with hiv-associated enteropathy.

this study is evaluating the effectiveness of the oral nutritional therapy serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin protein isolate (sbi) 2.5g bid and sbi 5.0g compared to placebo for 6 months on gastrointestinal symptoms, nutritional status and quality of life in hiv+ subjects with hiv-associated enteropathy. in addition, the effects of sbi on pro-inflammatory intestinal microbial populations, bacterial translocation, intestinal barrier function, and systemic immune activation will be investigated.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * history of hiv-1 infection * plasma hiv viral load ≤40 copies/ml * maintained virologic suppression for 1 year * stable antiretroviral therapy (art) regimen * history of hiv-associated diarrhea defined as abnormal passage of 3 or more unformed stools per day or a liquid stool volume greater than 200 g per day for at least 4 weeks duration exclusion criteria: * positive stool test for pathogenic bacteria, c. difficile or ova and parasites * conditions that require chronic therapy that is known to alter gut microbiota * antibiotics within 2 weeks of screening (exception: prophylaxis antibiotics)
montelukast in acute rsv bronchiolitis

Conditions: Bronchiolitis

Summary: there is evidence of inflammatory mechanisms in rsv bronchiolitis with increased cysteinyl-leukotrienes (cys-lt). recently, specific cys-lt receptor antagonists - montelukast (singulair©) approved for use in infants as granule sachets, have become available. we evaluated the effect of singulair© on clinical progress and on cytokine profiles in the acute phase of rsv bronchiolitis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \> 4 weeks \< 2 years * duration of respiratory symptoms \< 4 days * signs of bronchiolitis: prodromal rhinorrhea and cough, followed by at least two of the following signs: chest retractions, tachypnea, wheezing, or rales * first episode of wheezing or shortness of breath * randomization within 12 hours of admission * no need for steroid treatment in the ward * informed consent exclusion criteria: * a history of asthma symptoms or any previous hospital admissions with respiratory tract illnesses and if they had ever been treated with anti-asthma medications (prior to the current illness). * underlying cardiopulmonary disease such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, congenital heart disease, immunodeficiency, or cystic fibrosis.

Keywords: bronchiolitis controlled clinical trial pediatrics infants montelukast respiratory syncytial virus