Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
role of bronchoscopy in bronchiectasis

Conditions: Bronchoscopy

Summary: role of bronchoscopy in diagnosis of bronchiectasis in to different types

bronchiectasis is defined as abnormal chronic dilatation of one or more bronchi. patients have a structural abnormality of the bronchial wall that predisposes them to bacterial infection likely due to impaired mucus clearance. a self-perpetuating vicious cycle of chest infections and chronic lung inflammation can lead to further damage of the bronchial wall and spread of disease to normal areas of bystander lung.(1)( wilson et al,1997). a search for an underlying cause, which may be amenable to a targeted intervention to prevent ongoing damage, is essential but often fruitless, and the focus of therapy rapidly turns to empiric treatments to prevent infective exacerbations and retard disease progression. (2) ( martinez-garcia, et al,2005 ) the british thoracic society bronchiectasis management guidelines provide an in-depth summary of the available literature and are an excellent tool for guiding treatment decision making. however, they do not provide guidance on which patients are most likely to benefit from specific interventions. (3) (pasteur et al, 2010). disease severity in bronchiectasis is hard to define. radiological severity grading scores exist; however, there is often a disconnect between radiological severity, symptom burden and disease progression (4) (eshed et al, 2007). in 2014, competing bronchiectasis severity scores were published (faced and the bronchiectasis severity index (bsi). in each of these, a combination of patient demographics, symptom scores, comorbidities, and clinical, radiological and microbiological parameters were used to construct scoring systems, which, in the case of the bsi, predicted future mortality, and in the case of faced, extended to prediction of future exacerbation frequency, hospitalisation and quality of life. (5, 6) (chalmers et al, 2014; martinez-garcia et al, 2014). these severity scores have utility in identifying an individual's risk of disease progression to a predefined outcome and aid in subclassifying this heterogeneous group of patients in a manner that may pave the way to future mechanistic studies, which explain how these different disease phenotypes arise and inform the development of targeted therapeutics. (7) (aliberti et al, 2007).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients more than 18 years * patients less than 70 years * patients with bronchiectasis exclusion criteria: * patients with bronchial asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease * patients with pneumonia * patients with t.b
the platelet aggregation after ticagrelor inhibition and fentanyl trial (pacify)

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease

Summary: with potent analgesic properties, perceived hemodynamic benefits and limited alternatives, opiates are the analgesic mainstay for acute coronary syndrome (acs) patients reporting peri-procedural pain or nitrate-resistant chest pain. however, large observational studies suggest that opiate administration during acs may result in adverse cardiovascular outcomes. complimenting this, a number of recent mechanistic studies have demonstrated delayed and attenuated effects of oral dual anti-platelet therapy (dapt) on platelet inhibition endpoints among subjects receiving intravenous morphine. these studies support the hypothesis that morphine delays the gastrointestinal absorption of dapt medications. however, no data exist on the impact of intravenous fentanyl, a systemic opioid analgesic routinely administered during percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) procedures, on the platelet inhibition effects of dapt. the investigators hypothesize that, similar to morphine, fentanyl administered at the time of pci will reduce and delay the effect of dapt on platelet function. as such, the primary aim of this study is to test the impact of intravenous fentanyl on residual platelet reactivity by randomizing patients undergoing pci to a strategy of peri-procedural benzodiazepine plus non-systemic local analgesia or to the current standard of benzodiazepine plus intravenous fentanyl. given the critical need for rapid and robust inhibition of platelet function during pci, this trial has true potential to change clinical practice, particularly if the investigators demonstrate reduced dapt absorption and elevated residual platelet reactivity among patients receiving fentanyl during pci.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * undergoing clinically indicated pci; \>18 years of age; able for po medications and to provide informed consent exclusion criteria: * pregnant; any dapt(clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor) within 14 days of enrollment; known coagulation disorders; active treatment with oral anticoagulant or low molecular weight heparin; impaired renal or hepatic function; platelets \< 100 x10 3 /mcl; planned use of glycoprotein 2b3a for pci; prior trans arterial valve replacement (tavr) or planned tavr post pci; and contraindications to ticagrelor or opiates.

Keywords: percutaneous coronary intervention blood platelets fentanyl
environmental stress and individualized sensorimotor care on autonomic nervous system activity in premature population

Conditions: Premature Birth

Summary: autonomic nervous system (ans) is an essential regulator for the homeostasis, circulatory and respiratory systems. heart rate variability, under the dependence of the parasympathetic and orthosympathetic arms is a peripheral witness of its well functioning. activity ans indices are technically measurable from the birth by non invasive cardiac monitoring: in given environmental conditions. according to the individualized care given to the baby, we can easily observe by frequential analysis, modifications of ans level activity; if for a full-term newborn, the balance of ans allows him to adapt its cardiac frequency to its internal and external environment (thermoregulation, baroreflex, sinus arrhythmia, awakening state) , the premature birth is at the origin of a prolonged defect of global ans maturation, probably induced by external environmental and stress factors (pain, stimulations, aggressive noise and lights). this disrupted maturation profile in case of prematurity, was confirmed in two preliminary studies on premature babies reaching term for gestational age. we hypothesis that adapted sensorimotor care could decrease this stress and optimize the ans activity profile. in a prospective study, by a non invasive real-time measure, we analyse impact of stress on ans activity in a premature population, hospitalized in our neonatal intensive care units.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * premature birth * hospitalized in the intensive care unit or in the neonatology unit or in the reanimation unit of the pediatric hospital of saint-etienne exclusion criteria: * arrhythmias * general anaesthesia three weeks before the records

Keywords: premature newborn heart rate variability individualized sensorimotor care noise
intense education of periodontal health maintenance

Conditions: Chronical Periodontitis, Ratio of P. Gingivalis and S. Cristatus

Summary: investigators hypothesize that good oral hygiene may inhibit p. gingivalis, a keystone periodontal pathogen, entering mature dental plaque, which leads to a higher ratio of s. cristatus and p. gingivalis. investigators will educate and train periodontitis patients following periodontal therapy to maintain periodontal health. initial and intense education of periodontal health maintenance will be provided and the ratio of s. cristatus and p. gingivalis in dental plaques will be compared and analyzed for correlation between patient's execution of periodontal health maintenance and education tools or the ratio of s. cristatus and p. gingivalis.

the periodontal health maintenance will be evaluated by plaque index, periodontal pocket, and gingival inflammation status. participants will be assigned into two groups after the second dentist visit based on their execution of periodontal health maintenance. participants whose number of p. gingivalis is unchanged or higher compared to that found at baseline will be considered poor maintenance. those not having maintained a good dental hygiene will further be randomly assigned to two groups. one group will be given more intense oral health education, while the other one will receive the same education as post therapy. the result of intensive education and a shift in ratio of s. cristatus and p. gingivalis will then be measured for both groups at the third dentist visit (9 months after initial periodontal treatment) and the effectiveness of the intervention will be tested at this stage.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects should have \> 16 teeth, 2 or more interproximal sites with cal \>4 mm and 2 or more with pocket depth \>5 mm. exclusion criteria: * no scaling and root planing within the previous year or periodontal surgeries in the previous five years.
lynparza ovarian cancer clinical experience investigation (all case investigation)

Conditions: Ovarian Cancer

Summary: \[objectives\] objectives include following to capture safety and efficacy of lynparza in actual clinical use. 1. adr development in actual clinical use 2. factors which may affect safety and efficacy 3. adrs not expected from "precautions for use"

the objective of the clinical experience investigation (cei) is to collect following data to characterise safety and efficacy of lymparza tablets 100mg and 150mg (lymparza) in usual post-marketing use. 1. development of adverse drug reactions (adrs) 2. factors which may affect safety and efficacy of lymparza 3. development of adverse drug reactions (adrs) unexpected from "precautions for use" of the lymparza jpi

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * maintenance treatment for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer, who are sensitive to platinum based chemotherapy exclusion criteria: -
non-invasive hemoglobin monitoring of women undergoing cesarean delivery

Conditions: Complications of Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperium

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the normal hemoglobin curve during cesarean delivery and for the first 24 hours after surgery to aid in the creation of an algorithm to detect life-threatening bleeding earlier.

acute and life threatening blood loss is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality for pregnancy women in the us. to date, the only means we have of monitoring the amount of blood loss during a delivery is by the physician estimating the amount. this has been shown to not be very accurate and leads to confusion on when and how much a women should be transfused during a hemorrhage. new devices have been developed over the last few years to monitor blood levels in a accurate and non-invasive fashion. we aim here to use a non-invasive blood monitoring system to evaluate normal blood loss in women undergoing scheduled cesarean delivery. we hope that this will allow us to create a baseline that can be used in subsequent studies to identify women who are losing more blood than normal so that we may intervene faster and avoid unnecessary morbidity.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women undergoing scheduled cesarean delivery exclusion criteria: * blood disorders (i.e. thalassemia, sickle cell), hypertensive disorders, obstetric risk factors for hemorrhage
assessment of whole gut transit time using the smartpill capsule

Conditions: Constipation

Summary: our null hypothesis states that the two techniques (sitzmarks radioopaque markers and smartpill) are equivalent and is demonstrated if the study population shows a correlation of 0.7 or higher.

the purpose of the study is to measure total gastrointestinal transit time using smartpill gi monitoring system with ph.p capsule and compare the transit time determined by capsule transit to the conventional radioopaque marker technique. both techniques are simultaneously applied in normal and constipated adult populations.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males and females between ages of 18-80 years of age with functional constipation that fulfills the rome ii definition of functional constipation * bowel movement frequency of \< 3 times per week but at least once per two weeks. * constipation symptoms for at least 1 year duration. * constipation, not abdominal pain, as the primary symptom. * ability to stop fiber, laxatives, prokinetic agents, and narcotic analgesic agents 3 days prior to the study and during the 5 day study period. * ability to stop proton pump inhibitors 7 days prior to the study and h2ras for 3 days prior to the study. exclusion criteria: * previous history of bezoars. * prior gi surgery except for cholecystectomy, appendectomy, or nissen fundoplication * any abdominal surgery within the past 3 months * known or history of inflammatory bowel disease * history of diverticulitis, diverticular stricture, and other intestinal strictures * tobacco use within eight hours prior to capsule ingestion and during the initial 8 hour recording on day 0 or the ingestion visit. * alcohol use within eight hours prior to capsule ingestion and throughout the entire monitoring period (5 days). * bmi \> 38 * allergies to components of the smartbar (appendix ix). * females of childbearing age who are not practicing birth control and/or are pregnant or lactating. (a urine pregnancy test will be performed on female subjects prior to capsule ingestion). * cardiovascular, endocrine, renal, or other chronic disease likely to affect motility. * use of medical devices such as pacemakers, infusion pumps, or insulin pumps. * any contraindication to use of fleets enema or balloon expulsion test. * uncontrolled diabetes with a hemoglobin a1c greater than 10.

Keywords: capsule constipation whole gut transit colonic transit gastric emptying small bowel transit
cognitive distraction on food intake: randomized crossover exploratory study

Conditions: Obesity; Weight, Body

Summary: this study determined effects of a cognitive distraction on amount, preference, and memory of food consumed and perceptions of fullness, hunger, and enjoyment of food in a healthy young-adult population. a randomized controlled crossover study of 119 healthy adults, assigned to begin in either the distracted or control condition, was conducted.

environmental distractions have been shown to affect eating patterns. influences of food environments on consumption patterns and not simply food choices are becoming increasingly clear for their contributions to energy intake. of particular interest is the presence of distraction. it has been postulated that when distracted, individuals are inclined to consumer more than when not distracted. however, how distraction and memory impact subsequent food choice and preference is less well known. a rapid visual information processing (rvip) task was applied to distract individuals while eating; food intake and food behaviors were measured after rvip distraction and compared to food intake and food behaviors without distraction in the same individuals.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * able to read and speak english and willing to consume foods provided during the study exclusion criteria: * adhering to any dietary restrictions or diets, having any food allergies, and/or having any chronic or metabolic diseases

Keywords: distraction eating behavior fullness hunger ingestive behavior rapid visual information processing
the effects of intravitreal ozurdex implant in dme

Conditions: Diabetic Macular Edema

Summary: intravitreal ozurdex implant therapy improves visual outcome and oct findings. the purpose of this study is that these results are correlated with the change of cytokine level known to be increased in dme patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: the patients of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus fulfilling the following inclusion criteria shall be enrolled in the study: * patients of non proliferative diabetic retinopathy(npdr) with clinically significant macular edema(csme) * patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(pdr) with csme where proliferative component has been adequately treated with laser photocoagulation * diabetic patients with cystoids macular edema * minimum central thickness on oct not less than 300 microns * bcva 20/30\~20/320 exclusion criteria: * patients with history of anti-vegf or steroid injection, any type of laser treatments, vitrectomy, cataract surgery within 6 months * patients with history of ocular hypertension or glaucoma * patients with media haze or pupillary non-dilation that does not allow good fundus photography, ffa and oct * patients with macular ischemia on ffa * patients with active or suspected ocular or periocular infections including most viral diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva * patients whose posterior lens capsule is not intact. * patients with known hypersensitivity to any components of this product. * patients with vitreous hemorrhage * patients who have systemic treatment effect on study results * patients who enrolled other clinical study

Keywords: diabetic macular edema cytokine dexamethasone
probiotics for treatment of chalazion in adults

Conditions: Chalazion

Summary: there is growing evidence encouraging probiotics use in several diseases. the aim of the investigator's study is to define the possible beneficial impact of probiotics on adults suffering from chalazia.

prospective comparative pilot study on 20 adults suffering from chalazion randomly divided into two groups. the first group, received conservative treatment with lid hygiene, warm compression, and dexamethasone/tobramycin ointment for at least 20 days. the second group, in addition to the conservative treatment, received a mixture of probiotic microorganisms once a day up to 3 months. chalazia were classified according to their size into three groups: small (≤2 mm), medium (2-4 mm), or large (\>4 mm). when conservative treatment (with and without probiotics supplementation) failed to resolve the lesion, invasive methods were used, (intralesion steroid injection in medium size chalazion and surgical incision and curettage for the largest ones).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * history of rapid onset of painful inflamed mass that had reached a stationary size for more than 2 months * clinical appearance and location of the lesion exclusion criteria: * eyelid infection * chalazion duration \< 1 month * nonpalpable chalazion * suspicion of malignancy * comorbidities (constitutional atopy and seborrheic dermatitis, hormonal dysfunction, presence of irritable bowel disease, infectious mainly related to staphylococcus aureus and propionibacterium acnes, demodex mite infestation, vitamin a deficiency, arterial hypertension, diabetes and pregnancy) * personal habits (smoking, eating disorders, etc.)

Keywords: microbiome/microbiota probiotics adults
a biomarker exploratory study of dual blockade of pd1/pdl1 and ctla4 and anti-angiogenic therapy

Conditions: MSS Metastatic Colorectal Cancers; MSI Solid Tumors Refractory to PD1/PDL1 Antibody Monotherapy

Summary: this study is a single-center prospective exploratory research, aiming to identify clinical characteristics and biomarkers associated with the therapeutic effects of dual pd1/pdl1 and ctla4 blockade plus anti-angiogenic therapy and investigate mr image characteristics during treatment in patients with mss metastatic colorectal cancer and msi solid tumors resistant to pd-1/pd-l1 antibody monotherapy.

this study is a single-center prospective exploratory research. patients with mss metastatic colorectal cancer and msi solid tumors resistant to pd-1/pd-l1 antibody monotherapy who are treated with dual pd1/pdl1 and ctla4 blockade combined with anti-angiogenic therapy in the department of gastrointestinal oncology of peking university cancer hospital will be enrolled. their clinical-pathological features and specimens will be collected at baseline, at each tumor assessment point, and at disease progression. this study aims to identify clinical characteristics and biomarkers associated with the therapeutic effects through multi-omics approaches, and to investigate mr image characteristics during treatment. samples include tissue, blood, urine and stool, and multi-omics approaches include single-cell sequencing, spatial transcriptome sequencing, macro transcriptome sequencing, whole exome sequencing, microproteomics, immunohistochemistry, and multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pathologically confirmed mss metastatic colorectal cancers or msi solid tumors refractory to pd1/pdl1 antibody monotherapy * receiving dual blockade of pd1/pdl1 and ctla4 in combination of anti-angiogenic treatment with or without other therapies exclusion criteria: ●having malignancies in non-gastrointestinal system that have not been cured (lynch syndrome not included)
a phosphate binder switch study of khk7791 in hyperphosphatemia patients on hd

Conditions: Hyperphosphatemia

Summary: to evaluate the effect and safety of a switch from phosphate binders to khk7791 to treat hyperphosphatemia in patients on hd.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * stable chronic renal failure patients who have undergone hemodialysis 3 times per week for at least 12 weeks until screening examination. * met certain conditions for dialysis excluding dry weight (dialysate, dialyzer, frequency of dialysis per week, dialysis time, blood flow rate, and dialysate and substitution fluid flow rate) 2 weeks before screening examination. * taking at least 2 tablets of phosphate binder 3 times per day. the prescribed dosage regimen should have been unchanged for the period from 2 weeks before screening examination through pre-enrollment. * serum phosphorus levels should be between 3.5 and 7.0 mg/dl (inclusive) at screening examination. * if on any vitamin d or calcimimetics regimen, the dosage regimen should have been unchanged for the last 2 weeks before screening examination. exclusion criteria: * ipth \> 600 pg/ml (should be based on the most recent value from patient's medical records before pre-enrollment) * history of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) or diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome * history of gastrectomy or enterectomy (excluding endoscopic resection and cecectomy) or having undergone gastrointestinal tract surgery within 3 months before screening examination. * severe heart disease (including congestive heart failure, defined as new york heart association \[nyha\] cardiac functional classification of class iii or iv, and vascular lesions requiring hospitalization such as myocardial infarction), hepatic impairment (including ast/alt ≥ 100 u/l before the start of observation period), or concurrent cirrhosis. * developed cerebrovascular disease (such as cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage) or cardiovascular disease (such as acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina) requiring hospitalization within 6 months before screening examination. * uncontrollable hypertension or diabetes * scheduled for living donor kidney transplant, change in the mode of dialysis, home hemodialysis or plans to change the dialysis center (relocate to another hospital/clinic) during the study period. * any diagnosis of or treatment of malignancy within 5 years before screening examination (excluding basal cell carcinoma or surgically resected intraepithelial carcinoma of uterine cervix).

Keywords: tenapanor hyperphosphatemia hemodialysis