Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
positive affect promotion to empower optimal adherence to hiv therapy

Conditions: HIV/AIDS

Summary: this study assesses the feasibility and acceptability of the appeal program, a 3-session intervention designed to promote positive affect among men and women living with hiv infection. forty participants will be randomly assigned to receive the appeal program, and another 40 will receive standard of care. all participants will complete self-reported assessments at baseline and at 3 and 6 months, and will have their hiv antiretroviral medication adherence monitored as part of study participation.

there is strong reason to expand the scope of current adherence programs to include consideration of a group of health protective variables known as 'psychosocial assets'. these assets include cognitive factors, such as optimism, emotional factors, such as positive affect, and positive social relationships. increased psychosocial assets such as positive affect are associated with reduced morbidity and mortality, slower slower hiv progression, and reduced burden of depression symptoms. however, there has been limited translation of positive affect interventions to support patient self-management. in this study, we extend previous research on positive affect and adherence through the appeal program. the affect, promoting positive engagement, and adherence for life (appeal) program is an intervention that combines positive affect approaches to promote adherence in patients who have suboptimal adherence. we seek to implement the program, assess its feasibility, and describe associations with theoretically derived mechanisms of change, including positive affect.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * receiving hiv care at site of recruitment * prescribed an hiv antiretroviral regimen * hiv rna viral load less than 200 copies/ml in last six months exclusion criteria: * unable to communicate in english * prior participation in formative components of the study * plans to move outside of new york city in next six months * has cognitive impairment that would limit ability to provide informed consent
twice yearly treatment for the control of lf

Conditions: Lymphatic Filariasis; Helminth Infection

Summary: the global program for the elimination of lymphatic filariasis (gpelf) has been in operation sing the year 2000, with the aim of eliminating the disease by the year 2020, following 5-6 rounds of effective annual mass drug administration (mda). the treatment regimen is ivermectin (ivm) in combination with diethylcarbamazine (dec) or albendazole (alb). in ghana, mda has been undertaken since 2001. while the disease has been eliminated in many areas, transmission has persisted in some implementation units that had experienced 15 or more rounds of mda. alternative intervention strategies, including twice yearly mda and sleeping under insecticidal nets have significantly accelerated transmission interruption in some settings of high transmission intensity. thus, it is evident that new intervention strategies could eliminate residual infection in areas of persistent transmission and speed up the lf elimination process. this study therefore seeks to test the hypothesis that biannual treatment of lf endemic communities will accelerate interruption of lf transmission. two cluster randomized trials will be implemented in lf endemic communities in ghana. the interventions will be yearly or twice-yearly mda delivered to entire endemic communities. allocation to study group will be by clusters identified using the prevalence of lf. clusters will be randomised to one of two groups: receiving either (1) annual treatment with ivm+alb; (2) annual mda with ivm +alb, followed by an additional mda 6 months later. the primary outcome measure is the prevalence of lf infection, assessed by four cross-sectional surveys. entomological assessments will also be undertaken to evaluate the transmission intensity of the disease in the study clusters. costs and cost-effectiveness will be evaluated. among a random subsample of participants, microfilaria prevalence will be assessed longitudinally. a nested process evaluation, using semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and a stakeholder analysis, will investigate the community acceptability, feasibility and scale-up of each delivery system.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * residency in the disease endemic community for at least 12 months * willingness to provide informed consent/assent * willingness to donate blood (per the protocol) exclusion criteria: * recent residents (\<12 months) * inability to give informed consent * pregnant and lactating women * children below the age of 5.

Keywords: twice a year treatment biannual treatment wuchereria bancrofti
safety & efficacy of a novel asymmetrical linear stapler (nals) for securing distal resection margin in laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery: pilot study

Conditions: Colo-rectal Cancer

Summary: through the use of a novel asymmetrical linear stapler (nals, meditulip co. ltd.), we aim to prove that true distal margins greater than 1cm may be harvested more readily and easily compared to the conventional staplers. the study is designed as a pilot rct of 30 patients in each group, with the primary outcome of distal margin length \>1cm. secondary outcomes include anastomosis dehiscence and time taken to harvest the distal margin.

current evidence indicates distal margins of greater than 1cm from the tumor is necessary for superior oncologic outcomes. in middle to lower rectal cancer, where the tumor is close to the anus, sparing the anus whilst securing such a margin may prove difficult. failure to secure sufficient margin length may end up in cancer recurrence, but inaccurate assessment of the margin status may also cause further unnecessary resection or failure to spare the anus. the novel asymmetrical linear stapler was designed specifically with this problem in mind, and one row of stapling was removed from the specimen side to allow easier harvesting of a undisrupted distal margin tissue for pathological evaluation. this study is a pilot rct of 30 patients each in the novel stapler group and control group, to prove the non-inferiority in safety and superiority in harvesting the distal margin (assessed by length of margin and time to harvest).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * rectal cancer patients between the age of 19\~79, who require anus preserving laparoscopic rectum resection surgery exclusion criteria: * advanced rectal cancer that invades surrounding structures or has known distant metastasis * uncontrolled comorbidities * patients otherwise considered unsuitable for the study

Keywords: rectal cancer frozen sections margins of excision
effect of different implant surface treatments on bony changes around mandibular implants

Conditions: Complete Edentulism

Summary: the research will be conducted to report which type of surface treatment of dental implants that can be successful and aids in increasing bone to implant contact and how it affects the bony changes around the implants installed in mandibular arches for completely edentulous patients or whether there are specific precautions to be taken into consideration during implant planning concerned with the type of surface microstructure treatment and recommendations needed.

primary objective: pico p: completely edentulous patients i: laser surface treatment of implants c: sandblasted acid etched surface treatment o: bony changes each participants will have 2 implants;one laser surface treated implants and another sandblasted acid-etched implant (split-mouth) installed in the intra-foraminal area of mandibular arch prosthetically driven by the prepared conventional denture. ms and af are responsible for delayed-loading of the denture and will measure bony changes around laser treated surface implants using radiographic assessment using long paralleling technique periapical digital x-ray(soredex™ digora™ optime)

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * completely edentulous patients * angle's class 1 skeletal relationship * normal facial asymmetry * cooperative patients * adequate inter-arch spcae not less than 12mm exclusion criteria: * tempromandibular joint disorder * uncontrolled diabetes * bleeding disorders or anticoagulant therapy * flabby tissues or sharp mandibular residual ridge * heavy smoker * patient's with neuromuscular disorders * patients on chemotherapy or radiotherapy * severe psychiatric disorders

Keywords: dental implant surface treatment laser sandblasted acid-etched implants delayed-loading bony changes marginal bone loss
clinical and radiological outcomes study on astra tech osseospeed tx profile implant

Conditions: Malocclusion; Displaced or Missing Teeth

Summary: the astra tech osseospeed profile implant design when placed in the healed extraction site maintains the marginal bone level


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with single missing maxillary or mandibular premolar or molar * the edentulous sites should be healed sites * the opposing tooth will be a natural dentition exclusion criteria: * general contraindications to dental implant surgery * patient with irradiation in the head and neck region * immuno-suppressed or immuno-compromised patients * patients who took or are taking amino-bisphosphonates * patients with poor oral hygiene and motivation * patients with untreated periodontitis * uncontrolled diabetes * pregnancy or lactation * addiction to alcohol or other drugs * patients with psychiatric problems * lack of occluding dentition/prosthesis * restricted mouth opening (less than 3.5cm inter-arch anteriorly) * patients with an acute or chronic infection/inflammation in the area intended for implant placement * patients unable to commit 5 years follow up * patients referred for implant placement only

Keywords: astratech osseospeed profile implant marginal bone level soft tissue soft tissue responds
in turkish version lumbar spine surgery expectation survey

Conditions: Lumbar Spinal Stenosis; Lumbar Disc Herniation; Lumbar Radiculopathy; Lumbar Fracture; Patient Satisfaction; Patient Preference

Summary: the aim of this study was to determine the turkish validity and reliability of lumbar spine surgery expectations survey developed by mancuso.

although success in lumbar spine surgeries depends on many factors, it has been reported that one of the most important of these factors is patient expectations. in order for patients and health professionals to have the same priorities and meet the same realistic goals, it is necessary to understand what patients expect. lumbar spine surgery expectations scale was created by mancuso et al. the aim of this study was to determine the turkish validity and reliability of lumbar spine surgery expectations survey developed by mancuso.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * speak turkish * arescheduled for lumbar spine surgery by one of two participating spine surgeons exclusion criteria: * have cognitive deficits * refuse to participate

Keywords: patient expectations lumbar spine surgery turkish version validity and reliability
efficacy and safety of rituximab to that of calcineurin inhibitors in children with steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome

Conditions: Nephrotic Syndrome

Summary: the vast majority of children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome respond well to corticosteroid treatment. however, as many as 20% experience a more complicated course with steroid resistance (srns). repeated and prolonged courses of steroids in these children often result in long-term complications. the goal of treatment is to reduce the rate of relapses, the cumulative dose of corticosteroids, and the incidence of serious complications. in order to minimize the side effects of steroid therapy, different steroid sparing agents such as cyclophosphamide, calcineurin inhibitors(cni), levamisole, and mycophenolate mofetil (mmf) have been used in srns. whereas cni are usually considered the steroid sparing drug class of first choice, rituximab is increasingly used as alternative to minimize cni toxicity. various prospective studies suggest that rituximab, a b cell depleting monoclonal antibody, could be a safe and effective alternative to steroid or immunosuppressants to achieve and maintain remission in this population. rituximab infusion have been shown to be efficacious for 6 to 12 months and the side effect profile observed to date is very benign. studies comparing the usefulness of these agents are lacking. in this proposed randomized controlled trial, the investigators want to compare the efficacy and safety of cni to that of rituximab in treating children with srns.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children between 3 and 16 years with srns * minimal change disease/messengioproliferative glomerulonephritis/focal segmental glomerulosclerosis as per kidney biopsy report. * estimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) \>80 ml/min per 1.73 m2 at study entry. * not received any steroid sparing agent previously. * parents willing to give informed written consent. * ability to swallow tablet exclusion criteria: * known etiology (e.g., lupus erythematosus, iga nephropathy, amyloidosis, malignancy, other secondary forms of ns) * patients with severe leucopenia (leucocytes \ 50 iu/l ) at enrolment. * known active chronic infection (tuberculosis, hiv, hepatitis b or c) * live vaccination within 1 mo
derivation and validation of a scoring system to distinguish cryptococcosis and adenocarcinoma in pulmonary nodules

Conditions: Cryptococcosis; Lung Adenocarcinoma

Summary: pulmonary cryptococcosis often manifests as isolated or multiple nodules, easily mimicking lung cancer clinically and radiologically, which ascribes the poor sensitivity of cryptococcus culture and rarely positive of cryptococcal antigen test in the absence of disseminated disease. therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a predictive scoring system from the perspective of available clinical indicators, to differentiate cryptococcosis from adenocarcinoma in pulmonary nodules, which might be beneficial for the delicacy management of pulmonary nodules.

nodule is generally defined as a small, approximately spherical in morphology, circumscribed focus of abnormal tissue on computed tomography (ct) and no greater than 3cm in maximum diameter. pulmonary nodules are not uncommon. a systematic review of ct screening lung cancer trials noted that a lung nodule was detected in up to 51% of study participants. more than 95% of detected nodules are benign and have a wide variety of causes, including infections, granulomatous disease, hamartomas, arteriovenous malformations, round atelectasis, and lymph nodes. pulmonary cryptococcosis is caused by cryptococcus spp., a ubiquitous budding yeast-like basidiomycete that is endemic in many countries. previously, pulmonary cryptococcosis was thought to be an important opportunistic invasive mycosis in immunocompromised patients, such as aids, immunosuppressor used after organ transplantation, but it is also common in immunocompetent patients. pulmonary cryptococcosis often manifests as isolated or multiple nodules, easily mimicking lung cancer clinically and radiologically, which ascribes the poor sensitivity of cryptococcus culture and rarely positive of cryptococcal antigen test in the absence of disseminated disease. therefore, the aim of this multicenter observational study was to develop a predictive scoring system from the perspective of available clinical indicators, to differentiate cryptococcosis from adenocarcinoma in pulmonary nodules, which might be beneficial for the delicacy management of pulmonary nodules.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with pulmonary nodules * evidence of pathological diagnosis for cryptococcosis or adenocarcinoma * data on high-resolution computed tomography (hrct) exclusion criteria: * pulmonary nodules greater than 3cm in maximum diameter * lack of data on hrct
neurorehabilitation of the hand

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: stroke is the number one cause of adult disability in the world. due to the neurological damage from stroke, a vast majority of individuals suffer from hand function disability (\~70%). to improve hand function and overcome challenges from this disability, iregained has developed the myhandtm system, a connected mechatronic device with programmed proprietary hand function training protocols developed through deep research in neuroplasticity that provide targeted hand function therapy. when these therapeutic protocols are provided in a gamified format, it enhances the patient engagement and motivation, thereby enabling effective therapy administration with the required intensity and repetition to improve hand function. participants who have sustained a stroke 6 months or earlier will be eligible to participate in this study, and will undergo hand function therapy for one 1-hour/session, 5 times/week, over a 3-week duration, for a total of 15 sessions. therapy will be administered through with specific hand functions in a gamified format to enhance greater function in the hand and thereby help patients gain greater independence in performing activities of daily living. this research project will aim to understand the extent to which this approach to therapy impacts patient motivation and engagement in order to develop the most efficient and effective mode of therapy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * sustained a single stroke * aged between 30-85 years of age. exclusion criteria: * participants with severe spasticity or contractures, * have other musculoskeletal or neuromuscular disorders that compromises sensation or other neuromuscular parameters * participants who are unable to provide consent to participate

Keywords: hand function rehabilitation engagement motor control
barbed suture for emergency midline laparotomy closure

Conditions: Incisional Hernia of Midline of Abdomen

Summary: urgency surgeries are often performed in a stressful setting with critical patient involved. in this context, laparotomy closure can sometimes be the most neglected part of the procedure. barbed sutures, frequently used in laparoscopic procedures, have proven to be effective in maintaining traction. the aim of this study is to describe the incisional hernia rate after emergency midline laparotomy, according to the suture utilized, evaluated at one month and one year postoperative.

a retrospective cohort study was performed including patients with urgency midline laparotomy during 2018-2019. group a was represented by patients with slowly absorbable monofilament continuous suture, while group b included patients with barbed suture closure. main variables were hernia rates one month and one year after surgery, diagnosed by physical exploration and/or imaging. demographic characteristics, risk factors, among other descriptive determinations were registered. a total of 128 patients were performed an emergency midline laparotomies, and 110 meet all inclusion criteria. there was equality between sex and median age was 65 years old. significative differences were observed regarding incisional hernia at 30 days, being less frequent when barbed suture was utilized. these differences were not present at the long-term reevaluation (one year). in conclusion, midline laparotomy closure must be performed within quality standards. the lack of studies regarding emergency laparotomy closure, the european hernia society stated that no recommendations can be given on this patients. barbed suture appears as a promising option for closure in these specific circumstances, but needs further study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * emergency laparotomy * minimum age of 18 years old. * digestive surgical disease. * minimum survival of one month postoperatively. exclusion criteria: * laparoscopic surgical procedure. * non-digestive surgical procedure (gynecology, urology...).

Keywords: incisional hernia midline laparotomy urgency laparotomy barbed suture monofilament suture
a trial of hrs-1358 tablets in metastatic or local advanced breast cancer

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: the study is being conducted to evaluate the safety and tolerability of hrs-1358 monotherapy or combination with dalpiciclib isethionate tablets in patients with metastatic or locally advanced breast cancer in order to estimate the dose-limiting toxicity (dlt), maximum tolerated dose (mtd) and select the recommended phase 2 dose (rp2d).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. histologically diagnosis of local advanced or metastatic breast cancer 2. women must be postmenopausal, or pre-/peri-menopausal women must be on ovarian suppression 3. at least 1 line of endocrine therapy in the metastatic or advanced setting 4. ecog performance status score: 0-1; 5. adequate organ functions as defined 6. ability to understand and voluntarily agrees to participate by giving written informed consent for the study. exclusion criteria: 1. the investigators judged that it was not suitable to endocrine therapy 2. patients with active brain metastasis (without medical control or with clinical symptoms), 3. history of clinically significant cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases 4. the subject has one of many factors affecting oral 、absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs 5. active autoimmune diseases, history of immunodeficiency, including positive hiv serum test result and other acquired or congenital immunodeficiency diseases, or history of organ transplantation 6. have received other similar drugs in the past; 7. known history of allergy to hrs-1358 ingredients