Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
cardiac sympathetic activity in patients with the apical ballooning syndrome

Conditions: Apical Ballooning Syndrome

Summary: our hypothesis is that altered cardiac sympathetic activity is present and may contribute to the myocardial stunning observed in the apical ballooning syndrome. aim: assess the extent and reversibility of cardiac adrenergic neuronal dysfunction using carbon-11 hydroxyephedrine (c-11 hed), a positron emission tomography (pet) tracer, in patients with the apical ballooning syndrome.

general methods: five patients will undergo pet scans within a few days of or during the initial hospital admission for apical ballooning syndrome and during follow-up at 4 to 6 weeks to evaluate regional perfusion using n-13 ammonia and cardiac sympathetic activity with c-11 hed. pet scanning protocol on the morning of the study, patients will arrive at the mayo clinic pet imaging center in a fasting state. the use of medications will be ascertained and recorded. an intravenous cannula will be placed in each arm. the subject will then be positioned in the pet scanner . after optimal positioning of the left ventricle within the field of view, a transmission scan will be performed with either a germanium-68 or ct source for subsequent attenuation correction. the pet scanning sequence is outlined below. because 11c-hed uptake is dependent on flow characteristics, a flow study will be performed using n-13 ammonia. n-13 ammonia (10 to 20 mci) will be injected over 20 seconds, and dynamic acquisition will be performed for 20 minutes with the following sequence:16 frames at 3 seconds, 10 frames at 12 seconds, and 2 frames at 240 seconds. following a 50-minute period of n-13 ammonia decay, 11c-hed (20mci) will be injected over 30 seconds, and a dynamic acquisition will be performed with the following sequence: 6 frames at 30 seconds, 2 frames at 60 seconds, 2 frames at 150 seconds, 2 frames at 300 seconds, 2 frames at 600 seconds, and 1 frames at 1,200 seconds. to correct for 11c-metabolites in the blood activity, venous samples will be drawn at 0, 1, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 minutes (total \~25 ml of blood) after the injection of c-11 hed. heart rate, systemic blood pressure, and a 12-lead electrocardiogram will be obtained noninvasively with each peak isotope activity.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * transient akinesis or dyskinesis of the left ventricular apical and mid-ventricular segments with regional wall-motion abnormalities extending beyond a single epicardial vascular distribution. * absence of obstructive coronary disease or angiographic evidence of acute plaque rupture. * new electrocardiographic abnormalities (either st-segment elevation or t-wave inversion. * absence of recent significant head trauma, intracranial bleeding, pheochromocytoma, myocarditis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. exclusion criteria: * hemodynamically unstable patients (requiring pressor support) will be excluded. * breastfeeding women. * pregnant women (urine pregnancy test required within 48 hours prior to each set of pet scans.

Keywords: ventricular remodeling
using transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs) to improve post-stroke aphasia

Conditions: Aphasia

Summary: this study tests whether weak electrical stimulation of the brain is effective in improving language or reading difficulties occurring after a brain injury or stroke.

this study tests whether aphasia or alexia, language and reading disorders occurring after traumatic brain injury or stroke, can be improved using transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs). tdcs is a non-invasive technique that applies a small amount of direct electrical current to the brain in order to temporarily alter brain processing. adults with aphasia/alexia resulting from stroke or traumatic brain injury will undergo baseline behavioral testing of various language and cognitive functions. subjects who are willing to undergo mri evaluation will also be scanned. they will then receive five days of either real or sham tdcs with standardized speech-language therapy, under a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled design. behavioral assessments, and mris for those participating in the mri portion of the study, will be performed again at multiple time points after completing tdcs to assess for changes in these measures.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18 or older * aphasia due to left hemisphere stroke diagnosed by a physician or speech-language pathologist exclusion criteria: * skull defect at or near the site of tdcs delivery * history of a significant stroke or traumatic brain injury other than the event that caused the aphasia * history of other brain conditions that could impact interpretation of results (such as multiple sclerosis, brain tumor, encephalitis, premorbid dementia) * presence of implanted electrical or metallic devices in the head or body (except titanium; e.g. cochlear implants, implanted shunts with metal parts, deep brain stimulators, pacemakers, defibrillators) * presence of ferrous metal in the head (e.g. shrapnel) * history of psychiatric disease requiring hospitalization, electroconvulsive therapy, or ongoing medication use (other than common selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants) * pregnancy * severe comprehension deficits additional exclusion criteria for the optional mri portion of the study: * presence of metal in the body (except titanium) * claustrophobia

Keywords: aphasia stroke transcranial direct current stimulation neuroplasticity
exergame balance training for patients with mild cognitive impairment

Conditions: Mild Cognitive Impairment

Summary: this study will be a randomized control trial, which will be conducted on older adults with mild cognitive impairment. a specially designed exergame balance training will be used for cognitive enhancement in patients with mci. this training will determine the improvement in executive functioning, balance, speech and electrical activity of the brain.

from last few years the line of research for cognitive enhancement has been shifted towards balance training as balance training is considered to directly stimulate the neuronal activity as compare to aerobic training. the previous finding also proposed that in aerobic training it is the intensity of training that improves the neuroplasticity and cognition but it is the neuro-cognitive demands and complexity of the task in balance training that affects the relationship between exercise and cognition in balance training. there is a need to determine the effect of the level of complexity of balance training on neural activity and executive functioning. exergame augmented balance training is expected to have a better physical and cognitive outcome as compared to traditional balance training.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥ 55 * moca =20-24 * cdr ( dementia rating scale)≤ 1.0 * no unstable disease precluding planned exercise. * able to see and hear sufficiently to participate in planned physical and computer-based cognitive training. * patients score \>45 on berg balance scale. exclusion criteria: * participation in any cognitive training activity * participation in \> 150 min/wk of moderate or greater intensity planned exercise of any kind. * non-ambulatory or major mobility disorder. * other neurological conditions associated with cognitive impairment such as stroke, parkinson disease, and head injury * any clinically significant psychiatric condition, current drug or alcohol abuse, or laboratory abnormality that would interfere with the ability to participate in the study. * individual with any musculoskeletal impairment. * unwillingness to participate.

Keywords: brain activity executive functions exergame balance training mild cognitive impairment
effect of tap block for postoperative pain control after varicocele operations.

Conditions: Varicocele

Summary: tap block is the administration of local anesthetic agents into the anatomic neurofascial cavity between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscle in the antero-lateral region of the abdomen to block the anterior branches of the thoracic intercostal (t7-t12) and first lumbar (l1) nerves. tap block may be a good method for postoperative pain control. we aim to show the effect of tap block administration on analgesic consumption after varicocelectomy operations, side effects linked to analgesic use and analgesic quality.

the study will include 50 patients aged from 18-45 years in asa i-ii risk group undergoing varicocelectomy operations under elective conditions, randomized with a lottery method. patients will be informed of the study and included in the study after giving permission with a patient consent form. patients will be divided into two groups; tap group (group t, n=25) and p (group p, n=25). both groups will be taken for operation under spinal anesthesia. those with contraindications for spinal anesthesia, with coagulopathy, with known allergy to the medications used, with infection in the operated area, and those who do not volunteer will be excluded from the study. at the end of the operation, patients in group t in the supine position will have a usi probe placed at the middle point between the costal edge and iliac crest (within the petit triangle) after necessary antiseptic conditions are ensured. then after the abdominal muscle layers are observed, the needle tip will be advanced through the muscle layers and pass the fascia, feeling the fascial click, monitored by usi in controlled fashion. after feeling the second click (passing the internal oblique muscle fascia), a test dose of 0.5-1 ml saline will be administered to determine the localization of the needle tip. then noting the location, with frequent aspiration local anesthetic agent will be administered to the neurofascial plane for tap block. patients in group p will have adjuvant added to spinal anesthesia. patients in both groups will have pain scores assessed at 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hours postoperative at rest and coughing with vas (visual analog scale) (pain severity: 0 no pain to 10 most severe pain experienced to date) and values will be recorded. when patients are in pain, analgesic agent will be administered according to patient controlled analgesia protocol. the time of first requirement for analgesic agent and the amount of analgesic agent used in 24 hours will be recorded for patients. side effects like postoperative nausea, vomiting, or itching will be noted. additionally, patient satisfaction will be assessed by asking if the surgical method they experienced was bad, moderate, good or very good and recorded.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 18-45 year old asa i-ii patient group exclusion criteria: 1. contraindications for spinal anesthesia 2. coagulopathy 3. known allergy to medications used 4. infection in the operated area 5. non-volunteer patient

Keywords: varicocele tap block spinal anesthesia
intranasal peptide t in the treatment of painful peripheral neuropathy of aids

Conditions: HIV Infections; Peripheral Nervous System Disease

Summary: to compare the effects of intranasal peptide t and placebo in the treatment of painful peripheral neuropathy associated with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria patients must have: * documented hiv-1 infection. * cd4 count \< 500 cells/mm3. * hiv-1-associated distal symmetrical polyneuropathy, with peripheral neuropathy present for at least 6 weeks prior to study entry. * pain severity of at least 8 on an analog scale. * prior zidovudine therapy for at least the previous 3 months (unless patient has shown intolerance to zidovudine). exclusion criteria co-existing condition: patients with the following symptoms and conditions are excluded: * neuropathy due to any other cause besides hiv infection. * any symptom consistent with a new or active underlying opportunistic infection or malignancy that could interfere with the evaluation of neuropathy. * clinical evidence of new or active cns disease, potentially from opportunistic infection or neoplasm resulting from hiv infections, that could interfere with the evaluation of neuropathy. * other cns disease (e.g., myelopathy) that could complicate the evaluation of neuropathy. * active life-threatening illness other than aids. concurrent medication: excluded: * dapsone. * hydralazine. * isoniazid (inh). * current use of tricyclic antidepressants, anticonvulsants, or clonidine unless the patient has used the drug without a change in dose for at least 3 months prior to study entry. * narcotics, unless the patient has been using them for at least 6 weeks prior to study entry. prior medication: excluded: * ddi or ddc in the past 8 weeks. * prior peptide t. * prior tricyclic antidepressants, anticonvulsants, or clonidine unless they have been used for at least 3 months without change in dose. * other investigational drugs within the past 30 days. required: * zidovudine (if intolerance not demonstrated). required: * zidovudine for at least the previous 3 months (unless patient has demonstrated intolerance to zidovudine). chronic alcohol abuse, or current abuse of psychoactive recreational drugs as defined in dsm iiir. patients who may be regarded as unreliable for the study.

Keywords: peptide t hiv-1 administration, intranasal acquired immunodeficiency syndrome peripheral nervous system diseases
effectiveness of developed interactive play mat in pediatric physical therapy

Conditions: Pediatric ALL

Summary: the proposed study seeks to innovate by harnessing the potential of an interactive play mat, integrating haptic feedback and captivating sensory stimuli, to facilitate and expedite the motor skill development process in children with delayed milestones.

this research endeavors to contribute substantively to the field of pediatric therapy by providing an engaging, effective, and accessible intervention that aligns with the specific needs of this vulnerable population.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * delayed milestones, 2-5 years of age exclusion criteria: * spina bifida, hydrocephalus
acute normovolemic hemodilution in off-pump cabg

Conditions: Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution; Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

Summary: to study the effects of acute normovolemic hemodilution on central and peripheral perfusion in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery

off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery is an alternative to conventional coronary artery bypass grafting using cardiopulmonary bypass (cpb). it avoids adverse effects of cpb such as systemic inflammatory response, impaired myocardial protection, and air or plaque embolism. however, opcab surgery involves displacement and manipulation of the heart to expose target coronary arteries. these manipulations cause hemodynamic instability as a result of transient annulo-mitral distortion and acute mitral regurgitation, compression of the right ventricle, and impaired cardiac contractility due to epicardial stabilizers. signs of impaired perfusion such as metabolic acidosis, increased serum lactate and decreased urine output are commonly seen intraoperatively excessive surgical bleeding causes hypovolemia and hemodynamic instability, anemia, and reduced oxygen delivery to tissues acute normovolemic hemodilution (anh) is an alternative method of management of intraoperative blood loss, in which a certain volume of blood is collected from the patient, stored at room temperature and replaced by an equal volume of colloid solution. by the end of surgery, this blood is returned to the patient, usually within eight hours of collection, with little deterioration of platelets or coagulation factors this work aims to study the effects of acute normovolemic hemodilution on central and peripheral perfusion in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients scheduled for off- pump cabg surgery exclusion criteria: * ejection fraction less than 40% * hematocrit less than 11 g/dl * patients with severe renal impairment

Keywords: perfusion
a single ascending dose study investigating the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ro6836191 in healthy male volunteers.

Conditions: Atherosclerosis

Summary: this single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study will assess the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ro6836191 in healthy male volunteers in two parts. part 1 will assess the safety of oral single ascending doses of ro6836191 compared to placebo in fasted volunteers. in part 2, participants will be given two single oral doses of ro6836191 or placebo under low or normal-salt diet conditions. a subset of these participants will subsequently receive a single iv dose of ro6836191 for further analysis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy male volunteers, aged 18 to 45 years old. * no active or chronic disease following a detailed medical and surgical history and complete physical examination. * a bmi between 18 to 30 kg/m2 inclusive. * use of a highly effective form of birth control for the duration of the study and until 90 days after the last dose. exclusion criteria: * any clinically relevant current or history of conditions or illnesses. * clinically significant symptoms of infection within 5 days of the first dosing day or a history of recurrent infections. * any suspicion or history of alcohol abuse and/or consumption of other drugs of abuse. * smokers unable or unwilling to restrict to 5 cigarettes daily during the study and to not smoke during the stay at the clinic. * any cardiac abnormalities. * blood donation over 450 ml within three months prior to screening. * participation in an investigational drug or device study within 3 months prior to dosing. * corticosteroid use within 3 months prior to dosing.
study of aro-dux4 in adult patients with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type 1

Conditions: Facio-Scapulo-Humeral Dystrophy

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (pk) and pharmacodynamics (pd) of aro-dux4 in participants with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type 1 (fshd1). in part 1 of the study, participants will receive one dose of aro-dux4 or placebo. in part 2 of the study, participants will receive 4 doses of aro-dux4 or placebo. participants who complete part 1 will have the option to re-screen and re-randomize into part 2. all participants will undergo pre- and post-dose mri-guided muscle biopsies (a total of 2 biopsies). participants who complete part 1 and enroll in part 2 will be required to undergo an additional screening biopsy. participants completing part 1 or part 2 may have the option to continue to receive drug in an open-label extension study or may be eligible to participate in later-stage clinical studies.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * genetically confirmed fshd1 based on screening evaluation or source verifiable medical record * clinical severity score between 3 and 8 (scale, 0 to 10) * must have eligible lower extremity muscle for biopsy as determined from mri by a central reader * a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ecg) at screening with no abnormalities that may compromise participant's safety in the study * participants of childbearing potential and their partners must use highly effective contraception during the study and for at least 12 weeks following the end of study or last dose of study medication, whichever is later. males must not donate sperm during the study from day 1 until at least 12 weeks following the end of study or last dose of study medication, whichever is later. exclusion criteria: * human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection as shown by presence of anti-hiv antibody (seropositive) at screening * seropositive for hepatitis b (hbv) or hepatitis c (hcv) at screening * uncontrolled hypertension * severe cardiovascular disease * history of thrombolic events * platelet count less that the lower limit of normal at screening * history or presence of: a hypercoagulable state, nephrotic range proteinuria, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, myeloproliferative disease, inability to ambulate, use of hormone-based contraceptives. * any contraindication to muscle biopsy or mri note: additional inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply per protocol
efficacy of the canabrava/s pupil expansion device in cataract surgery with small pupils: the first 30 cases

Conditions: Small Pupil; Cataract

Summary: to evaluate the intraoperative stability, safety and overall efficacy of the canabrava ring (ajl - spain) when used to expand pupils with less diameter than 5 mm and pupils with sphincter synechiae.

in this consecutive case series, 30 eyes of 29 patients underwent cataract surgery using a new disposable small-pupil expansion device, canabrava's ring (ajl ophthalmic, spain). it is the first iris expansion ring produced with indents that do not align with each other in the superior and inferior regions, resulting in a small vertical length (0.4mm) that minimizes risk of endothelial contact. all eyes had poorly preoperatively dilated pupils of less than 5mm. fifteen eyes had significant infective or traumatic pathology preoperatively. vertical and horizontal pupil diameters were evaluated pre-, intra- and 1 month postoperatively, and were used to calculate pupil circumference. intraoperative and postoperative pupil circumference comprised the primary outcomes of interest.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical indication for cataract surgery, age of at least 18 years, pupil diameter less than 5mm after dilation with phenylephrine and tropicamide, and lens with any degree of opacity. exclusion criteria: * eyes unable to perceive light during visual acuity testing, pupils with a diameter greater than 5mm and clear lenses

Keywords: small pupil