Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effects of serotonin excess on bone in carcinoid syndrome

Conditions: Carcinoid Syndrome

Summary: serotonin has recently been identified as a major regulator of bone formation. gut-derived serotonin inhibits bone formation, and early animal studies have shown that inhibition of gut-derived serotonin has anabolic effects on bone in ovariectomised rodents. this pathway has potential to be developed as a new anabolic treatment for osteoporosis in humans. carcinoid neuro-endocrine tumours produce very high levels of serotonin, and so it might be expected that patients with carcinoid disease would have reduced bone formation, low bone mass and fractures. however, this has not been apparent in clinical practice. there may be a discrepancy between rodent models and human disease. this study aims to identify whether patients with carcinoid disease have reduced bone mass, reduced bone formation or high fracture rates. the investigators will conduct a cross-sectional observational case-control study of patients with carcinoid disease in the sheffield neuro-endocrine tumour clinic and gender-, age- and body mass index (bmi)-matched controls.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * willing to participate * able to give informed consent * patient with carcinoid syndrome-active disease (untreated or receiving medical treatment) * or * healthy volunteer who adequately matches a patient with carcinoid syndrome gender, age (±5 years), height (±5cm) and bmi(±3 kg/m2) exclusion criteria: * curative surgery for carcinoid disease * body weight over 159 kg (weight limit for dxa measurement of bmd) * previous orthopaedic surgery or fractures which preclude imaging at all sites * history of any long term immobilization (duration greater than three months) * fracture less than one year prior to recruitment * current pregnancy or trying to conceive * delivery of last child less than one year prior to recruitment * breast feeding less than one year prior to recruitment * history of, or current conditions known to affect bone metabolism * diagnosed skeletal disease or inflammatory arthritis * chronic renal disease * malabsorption syndromes * other diagnosed endocrine disorders * hypocalcemia or hypercalcemia * diagnosed restrictive eating disorder * diabetes mellitus * conditions or surgery which prevent the acquisition or analysis of dxa, vfa or hr-pqct * use of medications or treatment known to affect bone metabolism * alcohol intake greater than 21 units per week
comparing local anesthesia with general anesthesia for breast cancer surgery

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine therapeutic benefits by local anesthetic technique for breast cancer.

experimental and clinical studies have shown that surgical trauma and stress affects the immune system including both the innate and adaptive immune responses. the break of immune homeostasis might enhance tumor growth and spread. minimal invasive surgical procedures have been shown to be beneficial to patients in terms of preserving better systemic immune function. impaired cellular immunity after general anesthesia has significant undesirable effects on tumor surveillance after breast surgery. the local block technique might avoid the surgery inducing neuroendocrine, metabolic, and cytokine responses, which will offer some advantages from better preservation of early postoperative cellular immune function and attenuate disturbance in the inflammatory mediators. our research will focus on the effects of local block anesthesia on mediators that may be important in inflammatory response, tumor cell dissemination, deposition, and propagation in the early postoperative period. as importantly, local block method is not only a safe procedure but also reduces the need for post operative opioids and prevents nausea following breast cancer which can result in markedly reduced hospital stay and health costs. it is plausible that inhibition of the surgical responses by local block anesthesia may attenuate perioperative tumor enhancing factors and/or potential beneficial actions of lidocaine infiltration combined with propofol sedation per se in anticancer effect to have better cancer control.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * biopsy-proven breast cancer scheduled for mastectomy and axillary node dissection in a single procedure. exclusion criteria: * previous surgery within the preceding 2 wk those other than asa physical status i or ii any contraindication to either local anesthesia or opioid analgesia

Keywords: cytokine anesthesia local anesthesia surgery breast cancer
biopsychosocial contributors to irritability in individuals with shoulder pain

Conditions: Shoulder Pain

Summary: irritability was defined by geoffrey maitland as the vigor of activity to provoke symptoms, the severity of symptoms, and time for symptoms to subside. irritability is deeply embedded in the physical therapy clinical decision-making process. however, the mechanisms contributing to irritability are unknown. therefore, the purpose of this study is to characterize pain sensitivity and pain-related psychological factors by irritability level in individuals with shoulder pain.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * shoulder pain symptom intensity rated as 3/10 or higher in the past 24 hours * attending physical therapy for shoulder pain exclusion criteria: * non-english speaking * systemic medical conditions that affect sensation, such as uncontrolled diabetes * history of shoulder surgery or fracture within the past 6 months * history of a chronic pain condition, such as fibromyalgia * blood clotting disorder, such as hemophilia * contraindication to the application of ice (blood pressure \> 140/90 mmhg, cold urticaria, cryoglobulinemia, paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria, circulatory compromise) * currently pregnant
comparation of ultrasonic imaging of enthesopathy in patients with psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis

Conditions: Enthesopathy

Summary: psoriatic arthritis(psa) and psoriasis(ps) are two systemic inflammatory diseases linked with rash of psoriasis, but there's still great controversy regarding the exact relationship between them. our study is to investigate the characteristics and differences of the ultrasonic imaging of enthesopathy in the lower extremity in patients with psa and ps, to explore the risk factors of ps developing into psa in the long term course.

as one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases, psoriasis(ps) can be intimately associated to psoriatic arthritis (psa), affecting approximately 1% to 2% of the world's population. about 30% of them will develop into psa with serious impact on their health-related quality of life. psa, characterised by different subsets with varying degree of severity, is a chronic, complicated inflammatory disease.enthesitis is the prevalent and distinctive feature of psa. musculoskeletal ultrasound (msus) is a valid noninvasive modality, essential to evaluate entheses thickness, enthesophytes, bursitis and bone erosions as well as to disclose vascularisation on tendons through power doppler (pd) assessment. in recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the diagnosis and management of ps and psa, owing to its discrimination of identifying subclinical entheses and joint changes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical diagnosis of plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis. * body mass index (bmi)\<30 kg/m2. * absence of local glucocorticoid or other drugs injection or surgical treatment for entheses scanned in the previous 6 weeks prior to clinical and musculoskeletal ultrasound (msus) evaluation. exclusion criteria: * other systemic rheumatic diseases or malignant neoplasms. * peripheral neuropathy of lower extremity.

Keywords: musculoskeletal ultrasound psoriatic arthritis enthesopathy
effects of training combined with a small financial incentive on reducing alcohol consumption

Conditions: Alcohol Use Disorder

Summary: the existing alcohol intervention studies are mainly conducted in developed countries, few studies have focused on alcohol consumption among ethnic minority migrant people in developing countries. to address this gap, the investigators aim to evaluate the effects of a brief intervention combined with a small financial incentive on alcohol consumption and health outcomes among the migrated population in liangshan prefecture. this study was conducted in liangshan prefecture for two reasons: first, liangshan is a region located in the southwestern of sichuan province and is populated by yi minority, and the average income in liangshan is just about two-thirds of the national average income. second, a study found that the drinking rate of the yi minority (47.9%) is higher than that of other regions in china. the aim of this paper is to provide an overview of alcohol consumption among the ethnic populations in china and to test the feasibility and efficacy of small financial incentives with brief advice intervention targeting the reduction of harmful drinking behaviors among poor people.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - exclusion criteria: * age\ 65 * scores of audit\<8 * do not speak mandarin * less than three-months residence at xichang * income not calculated by hour wage or piece-rate wage * those who have previous abstinence experience, epilepsy, liver disease, and is using sedative drugs
dosage of epidural morphine in elderly patients

Conditions: Age Problem; Abdominal Cancer

Summary: this a clinical trial that evaluates the efficacy and safety of three different doses of morphine, namely 1.5 mg, 3 mg and 4.5 mg, via the epidural route regarding reducing pain in elderly patients after a cancer surgery in the lower abdomen

acute postoperative pain is a common complaint for several days after surgery. however, acute postoperative pain remains even more under controlled in elderly patients, especially those with cognitive impairment and malignancy. geriatric population is reported to be at higher risk for unwanted side effects from analgesic treatments compared to younger patients due to different major risk factors such as: decline in organ function, polypharmacy, pharmacokinetics, drug sensitivity, and frailty. despite of the higher risk of opioids, especially morphine, causing toxicity and adverse effect; they are still the cornerstone treatment of severe acute postoperative pain. morphine in those patients is very likely to cause toxicity because of accumulation of its active metabolites compared to other opioids with fewer or no active metabolites. epidural morphine is an effective route for an effective drug. furthermore, unwanted side effects with neuraxial opioids are minor and managed easily. regarding clinical outcomes, clinical studies showed a lot of improvements associated with postoperative opioid analgesia. now, there is a clinical necessity to achieve the best management of acute postoperative pain in elderly patients with the least possibility of adverse side effects. we aim in this randomized, assessor blinded, clinical trial at assuit university to determine the optimum dose of epidural morphine for the highest control of acute postoperative pain in geriatrics who are planned to have lower abdominal cancer surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. men and women aged ≥ 60 years, who are planned to undergo lower abdominal cancer surgery. 2- asa i and ii classifications. 2. surgeries via infra-umbilical abdominal incision is considered eligible. exclusion criteria: 1. patient refusal. 2. patients who are morbidly obese (body mass index ≥ 40 kg/m2). 3. those with contraindications to neuraxial analgesia. 4- psychiatric illness that would interfere with the perception and the assessment of pain.

Keywords: injections, epidural morphine sulfate
the effects of two different treatment protocols on shoulder function, quality of life, and ultrasound parameters in patients with frozen shoulder

Conditions: Frozen Shoulder; Shoulder Capsulitis; Shoulder Pain

Summary: the goal of this interventional study is to compare the outcomes of two different injection aprroaches in patients with frozen shoulder. the main questions it aims to answer are: * is hydrodilatation better than intraarticular corticosteroid injection? * is there any prognostic factors that will help clinicians guide their decision making when choosing between these two treatments? participans will receive an injection(cortcosteroid and local anesthetics alone or with hydrodilatation-corticosteroid and local anesthetics plus sterile saline solution) and then they will follow a rehabilitation program.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who fulfill the diagnostic criteria for frozen shoulder * agree to participate in the study * having the opportunity to follow up for at least 3 months exclusion criteria: * refusing to participate in the study * history of shoulder injection in the last 3 months * having diabetes mellitus * presence of comorbidities that contraindicate injection therapy, such as bleeding diathesis * known history of allergy or anaphylaxis to drugs used in treatment

Keywords: hydrodilatation hydrodistension ultrasound
oocyte vitrification aided with latrunculin a

Conditions: Infertility

Summary: using cytoskeleton stabilizer the latrunculin a would improve the outcome of oocyte vitrification


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * indication for oocyte cryopreservation exclusion criteria: -
delphi consensus excessive daytime sleepiness in osa

Conditions: Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Summary: the objective of this study is to generate expert consensus statements on the differential diagnosis, definition, and management of eds in patients with osa who are adequately treated with primary therapy.

a study will be performed using a modified delphi process with an international expert panel to generate recommendation statements related to the differential diagnosis and management of patients with residual eds in osa (and relevant sub-topics) and to determine the level of agreement for each statement from the panel as a whole. the following topics will be covered: 1. eds: definition, evaluation/assessment, and tools 2. definitions of residual eds in patients with osa treated with primary osa therapy 3. practical recommendations 4. management consensus is achieved through iterative rounds of survey and revision to the statements until a pre-determined level of agreement is met (80% agreement). part 1: planning and evidence review * series of planning sessions with co-chairs and faculty leads * literature is reviewed/summarized * initial statements will be developed based on evidence recommendation statements on eds in osa will be formulated and rated according to level of agreement on a 5-point likert scale. part 2: survey to achieve consensus * survey, based on the initial statements developed by faculty leads, will be developed to allow for vetting by full faculty group * at least 3 rounds of review (2 remote and 1 live \[virtual\]) will be held to achieve consensus on each topic of interest and finalize consensus statements

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * members of the panel include experts in sleep and respiratory medicine in north american and europe. exclusion criteria: * panelists who were not able to commit to all rounds of the modified delphi process will be excluded.

Keywords: obstructive sleep apnea excessive daytime sleepiness delphi consensus
adherence of iron succinylate therapy in pregnancy

Conditions: Pregnancy Related; Pregnancy Anemia; Iron Deficiency Anemia

Summary: according to the world health organization (who), anemia is the most common disease, affecting \>1.5 billion people worldwide. furthermore, iron deficiency anemia (ida) accounts for 50% of cases of anemia. ida is common during pregnancy and the postpartum period, and can lead to serious maternal and fetal complications. measurement of serum ferritin has the highest sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of ida unless there is a concurrent inflammatory condition. the lower threshold value for hemoglobin (hb) in pregnant women is \<11 g/dl during the 1st and 3rd trimesters, and \<10.5 g/dl during the 2nd trimester. in postpartum period a hb concentration \<10 g/dl indicates clinically significant anemia. oral iron therapy is given as the first-line treatment for ida.

measurement of serum ferritin has the highest sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of ida unless there is a concurrent inflammatory condition. the lower threshold value for hemoglobin (hb) in pregnant women is \<11 g/dl during the 1st and 3rd trimesters, and \<10.5 g/dl during the 2nd trimester. in postpartum period a hb concentration \<10 g/dl indicates clinically significant anemia. oral iron therapy is given as the first-line treatment for ida. there are several direct and indirect methods to assess adherence to medications, each method has advantages and limits. many studies have shown that pill counting is more accurate than self-reported adherence.we will investigate the adherence to iron supplementation in pregnant women by using a self-reported adherence questionnaire named smaq (simplified medication adherence questionnaire) simplified medication adherence questionnaire (smaq) knobel h; juega j; carmona a; kindelan jm; ruiz i; gonzalez j; collazos j; casado jl; alonso j; ocampo a smaq is used to assess non-adherent patients. the six-item smaq has been developed to assess adherence in hiv-infected patients, and may be applied in most clinical settings.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pregnancy * anaemia * iron treatment before 3 months of pregnancy * informed consent * compliant with study procedures exclusion criteria: * iron treatment after 3 months of pregnancy
iris-bvs ami registry

Conditions: Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Coronary Artery Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the relative effectiveness and safety of bioresorbable vascular scaffold in acute myocardial infarction compared to other (drug eluting stents) des.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 19 and more * acute myocardial infarction * intervention with bioresorbable vascular scaffold * agreed with written informed consent form exclusion criteria: * bypass graft surgery (cabg) recommended * lesion with previous bypass graft surgery (cabg) * severe calcification and/or severe tortuosity * contraindication to antiplatelet agent or inability to take dual antiplatelet therapy within 1 year * life expectancy of 1year and under * subjects scheduled to receive cardiac surgery or serious non-cardiac surgery * cardiac shock

Keywords: bioresorbable vascular scaffold routine clinical practice angioplasty, transluminal, percutaneous coronary coronary artery disease drug eluting stent acute myocardial infarction
effects of infant formula on the growth and tolerance in preterm/low birth weight infants

Conditions: Other Preterm Infants

Summary: this is a two stage open-label, single-arm, multicenter and observational study.

stage 1: in hospital, preterm/low birth weight infants less than or equal to 34 weeks gestational age at birth, birth weight of ≥ 1000g to \ or= 25th percentile of growth expectation based on corrected age (p25) or until infant reaches 9 months corrected age.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria for stage 1: * less than or equal to 34 weeks gestational age at birth, and birth weight ≥ 1000g to \< 1800g; * apgar score in 5 minutes after birth ≥ 7; * infant is 21 days or less of age at enrollment; * only singleton or twin births; * infants who can receive early enteral feeding stably (reaching 50% or higher of the required daily total calories) and whose parents/guardians and investigators have selected similac special care (ssc) for feeding; * infant has been classified as appropriate for gestational age (aga) or if classified as asymmetric small for gestational age (sga) (asymmetric sga: weight below the 10th percentile, but head circumference is greater than or equal to the 10th percentile) enrollment has been preapproved by sponsor; inclusion criteria for stage 2: * infants with birth weight \< or = 1500g, subjects whose parents/guardians and investigators have selected neosure for continued feeding after hospital discharge. exclusion criteria for stage 1: * serious congenital chromosomal or metabolic abnormalities that may affect growth and development; * congenital gastrointestinal malformations , including but not limited to congenital megacolon or gastric-intestinal perforation; * serious complications associated with preterm birth, including but not limited to necrotizing enterocolitis (nec), septicemia or sepsis; * other serious disorders of cardiac/respiratory/endocrine/hematological/ gastrointestinal/other systems, or serious diseases requiring surgical intervention; * maternal incapacity: including maternal drug, cocaine or alcohol abuse during pregnancy or current; * infants who received any experimental treatment, participated in other clinical trials or received other study interventions unrelated to this study within 30 days prior to enrollment; * infants who have received or planned to receive breastfeeding or other infant formula (powder) other than ssc with calories intake ≥25% of the required daily total calories * intubation for ventilation at the time of enrollment. exclusion criteria for stage 2: * infants who have received breastfeeding or other infant formula (powder) during hospitalization other than ssc with calories intake ≥25% of the required daily total calories * infants who have planned to receive breastfeeding or other infant formula (powder) other than neosure after discharge with calories intake ≥25% of the required daily total calories