Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
focal ablation with focal cryotherapy or hifu for the treatment of men with localized prostate cancer

Conditions: Localized Prostate Carcinoma; Stage I Prostate Cancer AJCC v8; Stage II Prostate Cancer AJCC v8; Stage IIIA Prostate Cancer AJCC v8; Stage IIIB Prostate Cancer AJCC v8

Summary: this clinical trial evaluates the effectiveness of focal ablation with either focal cryotherapy or high intensity frequency ultrasound for the treatment of men with localized prostate cancer. focal cryotherapy kills tumor cells by freezing them. high intensity frequency ultrasound uses highly focused ultrasound waves to produce heat and destroy tumor cells.

primary objective: i. to determine the efficacy of focal therapy for treatment of prostate cancer. secondary objectives: i. patient reported urinary, sexual function and quality of life (qol) at 1 year. ii. to assess safety. outline: patients undergo focal cryotherapy or high intensity focused ultrasound on study. after completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 7-14 days and periodically for up to 3 years.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ability to understand and willingness to sign an informed consent form * clinically localized grade group 1, 2, or 3 prostate cancer and unilateral magnetic resonance imaging (mri) visible lesion(s). up to 3 lesions will be allowed for focal treatment * eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) performance status ≤ 1 (karnofsky ≥ 70%) * patients ≥ 18 years of age at time of consent * life expectancy ≥ 5 years * ability and stated willingness to adhere to the study visit schedule and other protocol procedures/requirements for the duration of the study exclusion criteria: * nodal or distant metastases * prior treatment for prostate cancer * anticipated treatment with any cancer intervention, including radiation, hormonal therapy or surgery ≤ 6 months prior to focal therapy in this study * known contraindications to general anesthesia * uncorrectable coagulopathy * significant active cardiac disease within the previous 6 months including: new york heart association (nyha) class 4 congestive heart failure (chf), unstable angina, or myocardial infarction * any condition that would prohibit the understanding or rendering of informed consent * any condition that in the opinion of the investigator would interfere with the participant's safety or compliance while on trial
escitalopram combination comparison study for adult patients with major depressive disorder

Conditions: Major Depressive Disorder

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness, safety and tolerability of an escitalopram combination treatment compared to single treatments, and to placebo in patients with major depressive disorder.

both active drugs being tested, alone and in combination, in this study are currently available antidepressants. however, the doses used in this study are lower than the standard approved doses.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients must meet diagnostic and statistical manual, fourth edition (dsm-iv) diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder * the patient's current depressive episode must be at least 12 weeks in duration. exclusion criteria: * women who are pregnant, women who will be breastfeeding during the study, and women of childbearing potential who are not practicing a reliable method of birth control. * patients who currently meet dsm-iv criteria for : a. bipolar disorder; b. schizophrenia or any psychotic disorder; c. obsessive-compulsive disorder; d. mental retardation or any pervasive developmental disorder or cognitive disorder. * patients who are considered a suicide risk. * patients with a history of seizure disorder, or any history of seizure, stroke, significant head injury, or any other condition that predisposes toward risk of seizure.
long latency auditory evoked potentials (p300) outcomes in patients with unilateral cochlear implants

Conditions: Hearing Loss, Sensorineural; Deafness

Summary: bilateral severe to profound hearing loss is a socially disabling handicap. cochlear implants can be used to improve hearing in cases where conventional hearing aids are not effective. there are few studies about the long latency auditory evoked potential (p300), in individuals with hearing loss and cochlear implant (ci) users. the aim of this project is to study the behavior of p300 in users of unilateral ci.

bilateral severe to profound hearing loss is a socially disabling handicap. cochlear implants can be used to improve hearing in cases where conventional hearing aids are not effective. there are few studies about the long latency auditory evoked potential (p300), in individuals with hearing loss and cochlear implant (ci) users. the aim of this project is to study the behavior of p300 in users of unilateral ci. twenty patients with bilateral severe and/or profound post-lingual deafness, all submitted to ci surgery, will be evaluated. patients will be evaluated through p300 testing on the day before ci surgery, on the day of device activation and 6 months after device use. it is hoped that this study can contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms of brain plasticity involved in the recovery of hearing function after ci surgery. there are few studies on the behavior of p300 in ci users and there are no studies showing how central stimulation occurs after device implantation, during the phases of pre ci, ci activation and 6 months after ci.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with post-lingual hearing loss undergoing cochlear implant surgery exclusion criteria: * prelingual hearing loss

Keywords: cochlear implant evoked potential p300
a safety and efficacy trial evaluating the use of fondaparinux in percutaneous coronary intervention (pci)(63133)(withdrawn)

Conditions: Myocardial Infarction; Coronary Disease

Summary: the purpose of this research study is to obtain experience in the use of fondaparinux (arixtra) as compared to heparin when administered to patients who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (pci). pci is a mechanical procedure used to widen the narrowing in a coronary artery in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease. fondaparinux and heparin are drugs that inhibit blood clotting.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria * scheduled for pci, including pci for non-st elevation acute coronary syndromes (acs), primary pci for st elevation myocardial infarction (mi) or elective pci (with planned overnight stay in hospital). (patients undergoing diagnostic heart catherization who are suitable candidates for "ad hoc" pci are also eligible). exclusion criteria: * age \< 21 years * activated clotting time (act) \> 200 seconds immediately prior to pci * use of low molecular weight heparin (lmwh) in the previous 6 hours before pci * currently receiving an oral anticoagulant (oac) agent with an inr \> 1.8 * thrombolytic therapy for st elevation mi in the previous 24 hours before pci * active internal bleeding or history of hemorrhagic diathesis * thrombocytopenia (platelet count \< 100 x 10-9/l) * pregnant women or women of childbearing potential who are not using an effective method of contraception * known allergy to unfractionated heparin, fondaparinux, aspirin or clopidogrel * absolute contra-indication to anticoagulation * participation in other clinical research studies involving the evaluation of other investigational drugs or devices within 30 days of enrollment or prior participation in this study.

Keywords: elective pci heart catherization acute coronary syndromes
the efficacy and safety of non-vitamin k antagonist oral anticoagulants for intermediate stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation (single-af)

Conditions: Atrial Fibrillation Patients With Intermediate Stroke Risk

Summary: the purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of non-vitamin k antagonist oral anticoagulants (noac) in atrial fibrillation patients with intermediate stroke risk (cha2ds2-vasc score 1 for male, 2 for female). a. major safety results include major bleeding and clinically relevant non-major bleeding. b. major efficacy results include strokes, systemic embolism and cardiovascular mortality. c. other results include myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, transient ischemic attack, hospitalization, drug compliance, quality of life questionnaire (afeqt), cognitive function (kdsq), aging questionnaire(k-frail) and hand grip strength.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age: 19\~80 years old * cha2ds2-vasc score 1 for male or 2 for female among nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients * patients who agree to register for this study * patients who can be observed for the progress after treatment exclusion criteria: * severe liver or kidney dysfunction * thyroid dysfunction * pregnant or breastfeeding women * malignant tumors that have not been completely cured * severe structural heart disease * predicted survival is less than 12 months * patients who do not understand the content of the study or disagree with it

Keywords: atrial fibrillation anticoagulation intermediate stroke risk efficacy safety
evaluation of a lifestyle intervention for employees with prediabetes

Conditions: Prediabetes; Overweight; Obese

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of a worksite lifestyle intervention for diabetes prevention among employees with prediabetes.

the lifestyle intervention includes a 16-week group-based program which targets weight reduction through the adoption of a lower fat diet and greater physical activity.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18-65 years old * overweight or obese * prediabetes with elevated glucose value exclusion criteria: * recent cardiovascular event * use of corticosteroids * concurrent participation in a structured weight loss program * pregnant or lactating

Keywords: lifestyle risk reduction
efficacy and safety of a new polypectomy snare for cold-polypectomy for small colorectal polyps

Conditions: Polyp of Large Intestine; Colonic Polyps; Colon Nos Polypectomy Tubular Adenoma; Complications; Bleeding

Summary: colorectal cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in western countries. scientific studies have shown that endoscopic polypectomy is efficacious in preventing crc incidence and mortality. endoscopic polypectomy carries a risk of major complications, such as bleeding or bowel perforation, so that a careful balance between efficacy and safety appears to be clinically relevant. most of the polypectomies are performed for diminutive (\<5 mm) or small (6-9 mm) lesions, which represent over 90% of all the polyps. to minimize the risk of complications when removing \<10 mm polyps, cold-polypectomy techniques - i.e. without electric current - by means of biopsy forceps or snare, have been proposed. although the risk of perforation is virtually excluded by cold-polypectomy, the lack of electrocautery may result in an increased risk of bleeding. the safety of cold-snare polypectomy has however been recently shown in controlled trials. regarding the efficacy of cold-polypectomy for subcentimetric polyps, very few studies have assessed the post-polypectomy completeness of the removal of polyp tissue (i.e. residual disease), and no studies have compared it to conventional polypectomy. the investigators perform this study to assess both the efficacy and safety of a novel snare (exacto™) for polyp removal.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all consecutive patients undergoing colonoscopy, with at least one and no more than 5 polyps \<10 mm. * the patient is at satisfactory risk to undergo abdominal surgery. * the patient must understand and provide written consent for the procedure. exclusion criteria: * patients with inflammatory bowel disease. * patients undergoing standard snare resection (with cautery) of polyps larger than 10 mm. * patients with a personal history of polyposis syndrome. * patients with suspected chronic stricture potentially precluding complete colonoscopy. * patients with diverticulitis or toxic megacolon. * patients with a history of radiation therapy to abdomen or pelvis. * patients with a history of severe cardiovascular, pulmonary, liver or renal disease. * personal history of coagulation disorders or use of anticoagulants/clopidogrel/aspirin/ticlopidine. * patients who are currently enrolled in another clinical investigation in which the intervention might compromise the safety of the patient's participation in this study.

Keywords: diminutive polyps small polyps cold snare polypectomy complications bleeding
doxycycline versus standard care to prevent seroma formation

Conditions: Seroma

Summary: a seroma is a collection of fluid other than pus or blood which forms through the division of numerous lymphatic channels, which normally drain the interstitial space under the skin. these channels become disrupted during surgical procedure and lead to seroma formation. this collection of fluid causes pressure in the local area, patient discomfort, and provides unfortunately an excellent culture medium for bacteria. seroma development has been previously described in femoral vessel groin cannulation dissections after surgery. conventional therapy is limited to draining the fluid, sometimes more than once, until there is full resolution of the seroma. if fluid collection recurs at the surgical site, sclerosant therapy with agents such as doxycycline. doxycycline has been found to be a cost effective agent used as a sclerosant, which belongs to tetracycline class of antibiotics. the investigators hypothesize that prophylactic use of doxycycline at the site of femoral cannulation will prevent or minimize the area of seroma formation as compared to standard care of patients. the aim is driven towards limiting patient discomfort and visits to the clinic and to improve clinical care.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and female candidates (\>18 and \<85 years of age) undergoing cardiopulmonary by-pass via femoral/groin access as part of their routine cardiothoracic scheduled procedure will be approached for their interest in participation in the study. exclusion criteria: * a history of allergic reaction to doxycycline (adoxa, doryx, oracea, vibramycin) or any classes of tetracyclines- demeclocycline (declomycin), or minocycline (dynacin, minocin, solodyn, vectrin). * patients who are not undergoing cardiopulmonary by-pass through femoral access. * active infection in the groin region. * females who are pregnant or lactating and breast feeding. * who do not wish to participate in the study.

Keywords: seroma doxycycline cardiopulmonary by-pass femoral artery/vein cannulation prevent seroma formation
long term results and complications after epistaxis treatment

Conditions: Nosebleed (Epistaxis) - Posterior or Anterior

Summary: the aim of this study is to find the most agreeable and in the long term most efficient treatment for epistaxis.

in the general population epistaxis occurs quite frequently. approximately 60% of persons will be affected once in their lifetime, and 6% thereof will seek medical advice. thereby anterior and posterior epistaxis are discerned. anterior epistaxis is usually located at the locus kisselbachii, while posterior bleeds are found further back in the nose. there, most bleeds will originate from the a. sphenopalatina or the a. ethmoidalis. different treatment modalities exist. anterior epistaxis are usually easier to treat than posterior ones. the aim of this study is to find the most efficient treatment. this involves the assessment of long term results and potential sequelae. existing data will be complemented with information about recurrences and complications. the question is: which treatment method leads to the least numbers of recurrences in the long term with the fewest long term sequelae? secondly, the most agreeable, least painful treatment method is to be identified. therefore we will send out questionnaires to patients that were treated between march 29, 2007 and april 1st, 2008 at the zurich university hospital.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: all patients treated during the study period with known address and who did not decease in the meantime. exclusion criteria: insufficiently filled out questionnaires; obvious lack of ability to remember (as tested by control questions); known mental disability
endotoxin in gram-negative septic shock

Conditions: Gram Negative Septic Shock

Summary: the purpose of this observational study is to determine whether endotoxin levels and/or their trends can be considered predictive of morbility or mortality in septic shock caused by gram-negative bacteria, searching also for a possible correlation with simplified acute physiology score (saps ii), sequential organ failure assessment (sofa), white blood cells (wbc) and platelets (plt).

medical literature states that endotoxin (a structural molecule of the gram-negative bacteria extracellular membrane) is able to activate target cells such as macrophages and neutrophils, inducing them to produce and release cytokine, nitric oxide and other mediators that cause a systemic inflammatory response that can evolve until to endothelial damage, shock and multi-organ failure (mof). since 2004 it has been possible to better determine the concentration and the activity of endotoxin in plasma, thanks to a reliable and quick to implement method: the eaa (endotoxin activity assay) test, which is an alternative technique for detecting endotoxin in whole blood based on the detection of enhanced respiratory burst activity in neutrophils following their priming by complexes of endotoxin and a specific anti-endotoxin antibody. the eaa shows excellent performance characteristics in recovering endotoxin from spiked samples and can be performed within 30 min, using less than 100µl whole blood. participants of this study (all affected by gram-negative septic shock) will show different values of endotoxin in their blood samples during their stay in intensive care unit (icu), and the investigators will try to figure out if these values and their trends can be somehow predictive of morbility and/or mortality, despite the small number of septic patients and the heterogeneity of their clinical picture. so, if endotoxin induces sepsis, can the investigators also state that high values and/or trends of endotoxin can be correlated to severity of disease?

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of severe sepsis or septic shock * acquisition of informed consent * age over 18 years old exclusion criteria: * any diagnosis different from severe sepsis or septic shock * rejection of informed consent by participant * age under 18 years old * any clinic condition considered not suitable by researcher

Keywords: endotoxin activity assay gram negative septic shock eaa
detection of myocardial dysfunction in non-severe subarachnoid hemorrhage (wfns 1-2) using speckle-tracking echocardiography (strain)

Conditions: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH); Left Ventricular Dysfunction; Stress Cardiomyopathy

Summary: subarachnoid hemorrhage (sah) can cause transient myocardial dysfunction. recently, it have been reported that myocardial dysfunctions that occur in sah are associated with poor outcomes. it therefore appears essential to detect theses dysfunctions with the higher sensitivity as possible. strain measurement using speckle-tracking echocardiography may detect myocardial dysfunction with great sensitivity. the main objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of myocardial dysfunction in "non-severe" sah (defined by a wfns grade 1 or 2), using speckle-tracking echocardiography. this study also aims to analyse strain measurement with classical echocardiography and serum markers (troponin, bnp) of cardiac dysfunction.

cardiac complication, occurring in the early phase of sah has been well described. it seems that the pathophysiological mechanism involves vegetative hyperactivity due to the acute cerebral injury. it has been shown that stress cardiomyopathy is associated with delayed cerebral ischemia (dci) and poor outcomes. manifestations of stress cardiomyopathy are changes in electrocardiogram, release of cardiac biomarkers such as troponin and bnp, and echography evidence of impaired left ventricle ejection fraction with the use of simpson technique and regional wall motion abnormalities. these two techniques bear intra-observer variability. a new method is available to assess left ventricular contractility at the bedside. two-dimensional speckle-tracking images with echocardiography allows one to track a natural myocardial marker within the myocardium by standard transthoracic echocardiography. it provides unique insights into myocardial function such as tissue deformations and strain rate, which is the rate of deformation. this method is more sensitive than classical echographic left ventricular ejection fraction evaluation and bears very low interobserver variability. the global longitudinal strain (gls) is the most studied parameter. early detection of cardiac dysfunction in sah followed by appropriate monitoring and management may improve outcome in sah. this is a prospective, observational and mono-center study. patients with "non-severe" sah will benefit from an echocardiography where left ventricular ejection fraction (lvef) and gls will be assessed on day 1, 3 and 7 following the acute injury.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient older than 18 years * hospitalized in neuro-intensive care unit with a "non-severe" subarachnoid hemorrhage (wfns 1 or 2) exclusion criteria: * low echogenicity * history of cardiac malformation or cardiac surgery * severe valvular heart disease * dilated cardiomyopathy * acute coronary syndrome * permanent arrythmia * patient refusal

Keywords: subarachnoid hemorrhage (sah) left ventricular dysfunction intensive care unit speckle-tracking strain
study to investigate tiva with propofol on postoperative pain and side effects

Conditions: Postoperative Pain

Summary: propofol is a commonly used anaesthetic with rapid recovery and less side effects and total intravenous anaesthesia (tiva) with propofol is a common technique now. the reduction on certain serum pro- inflammatory cytokines may lead to more smooth post- surgical recovery. recent case report proved the analgesic effect of propofol infusion. however other animal and clinical studies showed controversial result. the aim of this retrospective study is to investigate the postoperative analgesic effects and side effects of intraoperative tiva with propofol in patient undergoing surgery at queen mary hospital, hong kong between 2014 to 2016.

objectives: 1. to investigate the analgesic effects of propofol. 2. to evaluate the effect of propofol on postoperative adverse events. methods: retrospective audit. data collection: 1. demographic data; 2. types of analgesic techniques; 3. type of pain relief modalities; 4. pain score up to 72 hours postoperatively; 5. postoperative opioid consumption; 6. incidence of adverse events during aps care; 7. patients' satisfaction on pain relief.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * anaesthetic records and acute pain service records of patient undergone surgery between 2014 to 2016 in queen mary hospital would be retrieved from the computer. exclusion criteria: * essential data were missing. * patient participating in other research projects. * changes in postoperative pain management technique. * patients could not be assessed post-operatively for pain (i.e. post-operative ippv)
excision size and location on the postoperative pain after nevi excision in children

Conditions: Anesthesia, Endotracheal

Summary: the primary purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of excised surface area/body surface area ratio and location of excision on the postoperative pain after nevi excision in children. the primary purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of excised surface area/body surface area ratio and location of excision on the emergence excitation after nevi excision in children.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children undergoing nevi excision on general anesthesia exclusion criteria: * development disorder * neurological disorder * psychological disorder