Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
regional anesthesia and analgesia techniques in obese patients

Conditions: Obesity; Regional Anesthesia

Summary: obesity is a health problem throughout the world and has increasingly become a widespread epidemic all over the world and also in turkey. anesthesia management of obese patients is challenging because of difficult airway, increased drug doses, co-morbidities, loss of anatomical landmarks and difficulties in positioning. neuroaxial and peripheral nerve blocks are widely used in anesthesia practice in both obese and non-obese patients undergoing different surgical operations. in this prospective observational study, the investigators plan to enroll all patients that are applied neuroaxial or peripheral blocks during the study period. the aim of this study is to compare the differences and difficulties of regional anesthesia/analgesia techniques in obese and non-obese patients.

obesity is a health problem throughout the world and has increasingly become a widespread epidemic all over the world and also in turkey. anesthesia management of obese patients is challenging because of difficult airway, increased drug doses, co-morbidities, loss of anatomical landmarks and difficulties in positioning. on the other hand, neuroaxial and peripheral nerve blocks are widely used in anesthesia practice in both obese and non-obese patients undergoing different surgical operations. in this prospective observational study, the investigators plan to enroll all patients that are applied neuroaxial or peripheral blocks during the study period. the difficulty of block performance, its relationship with experience, the requirement of changing hands with more experienced clinician, the requirement of changing patient position, regional anesthesia approach or needle (size and length), the requirement of adding rescue block, block success, performance duration, the number of needle direction (multiple attempts), the requirement of changing anesthesia or analgesia technique (conversion to general anesthesia), the requirement of adding another block monitorisation technique, adverse effect/complication, patient satisfaction and patient's request for a similar technique next time are all recorded both in obese and non-obese patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients eligible for regional anesthesia/analgesia * \> 18 years old * asa 1-3 exclusion criteria: * \< 18 years old * patient refusal for regional anesthesia/analgesia * patient refusal to participate in the study * allergic to local anesthetics * psychiatric diseases * incapable to communicate

Keywords: obesity neuroaxial blocks peripheral nerve blocks performance complication
open label extension of tudca-als study

Conditions: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Summary: this study will provide extended access to patients and assess longer-term outcomes on patients who have completed the tudca-als study.

the tudca-als open label extension study is designed to investigate long term safety, tolerability and efficacy of tauroursodeoxycholic acid in patients with als who completed the tudca-als study

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * completion of the visit m18 (month 18) of the tudca-als clinical trial. * signed informed consent for participation in the tudca-als extension sub-study exclusion criteria: * treatment with edaravone or other unaccepted concomitant therapy * consideration by the investigator, for any reason, that the subject is an unsuitable candidate to receive tudca or that the subject is unable or unlikely to comply with the dosing schedule or study evaluations * the patient of reproductive potential is sexually active and is not willing to use highly effective contraception during the study and up to 90 days after the day of last dose * the patient is pregnant or breast feeding

Keywords: bile acids deoxycholic acid
the effect of combined thermal and electrical muscle stimulation (ctems) on obesity

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: objective: it is unclear whether prolonged electrical muscle stimulation can improve cardiorespiratory fitness and reduce body fat in obese subjects. the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of prolonged combined thermal and electrical muscle stimulation (ctems) on peak oxygen consumption (vo2 peak) and body composition. we will also investigate the biochemical effects and the resultant lipolysis-related gene expression changes in adipocytes. methods:eleven obese (bmi≥30) individuals will receive ctems in three 60-minute sessions per week for 8 weeks. activity levels and dietary habits will be kept unchanged and controlled with an accelerometer and nutritional questionnaire. before and after the stimulation period, functional capacity are assessed by vo2 peak, and body composition was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and bioelectrical impedance analyses. lipolytic activity will be determined in abdominal adipose tissue by 24 hours of microdialysis on a sedentary day, and adipose tissue biopsies will be taken for the gene expression analysis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * obese (body mass index; bmi ≥ 30 kg/m2), * sedentary subjects (\< 20 minutes of exercise \< 3 days per week). * other inclusion criteria were age between 30 and 70 years and * the ability to undergo exercise testing. exclusion criteria: * pacemaker or implanted defibrillator, * regular medication, * cardiovascular disease, * pulmonary disease, * extensive dermatological disease or other primary diseases; * pregnant women; * and individuals who abuse alcohol or drugs were excluded from the study
analyzing the pharmacodynamic substances and the effects of yiqihuayu decotion for acute ischemic stroke (physis)

Conditions: Ischemic Stroke, Acute

Summary: the main purposes of this trial are to analyze the pharmacodynamic substances and the effects of yiqihuayu decotion for acute ischemic stroke. the trial is a non-randomized, controlled clinical trial.

yiqihuayu decotion is effective for acute ischemic stroke clinically, but there is lack of sufficient and reasonable explanation of its intervention effects currently. in order to further clarify the main pharmacodynamic substances of yiqihuayu decotion in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, this study intends to carry out a non-randomized, controlled clinical trial. the primary hypothesis is that, compared with the control group, yiqihuayu decotion will produce serial changes in plasma metabolites at pre-dose and 9 days, as well as urine metabolites at pre-dose, 8 days, 9 days and 10 days. the serial changes may be the potential support to explain the intervention effect of yiqihuayu decotion. after enrollment, all participants will undergo a 2-day traditional chinese medcine washout period to ensure that the results of pharmacodynamic substances will not be disturbed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke; * symptom onset of 4 to 6 days; * 40 ≤ age ≤ 80 years; * be conscious and able to cooperate with clinical information gatherers; * patient or legally authorized representative has signed informed consent. exclusion criteria: * suspected secondary stroke caused by tumor, brain trauma, or hematological diseases; * already dependent in activities of daily living before the present acute stroke (defined as modified rankin scale score ≥ 2) ; * other conditions that lead to motor dysfunction (e.g., severe osteoarthrosis, rheumatoid arthritis); * significant renal or hepatic insufficiency (defined as a serum creatinine concentration, alanine aminotransferase (alt), or aspartate aminotransferase (ast) value that is twice the upper limit of normal); * life expectancy of 3 months or less due to other life-threatening illness (e.g.,advanced cancer) * other conditions that render outcomes or follow-up unlikely to be assessed; * known to be pregnant or breastfeeding; * participating in another clinical study.
investigation of the effect of exercise training on psychosocial outcomes in rotator cuff tears

Conditions: Rotator Cuff Tears; Pain, Shoulder; Psychological

Summary: this study aimed to determine the psychosocial effects of exercise training in patients with rotator cuff tears.

this study aimed to determine the psychosocial effects of exercise training in patients with rotator cuff tears. fifty voluntary patients with partial rotator cuff tear will be randomized into two groups: supervised exercise group (se) and home exercise (he) group, for a standardized 8 weeks exercise program. the primary outcome is the constant-murley score (cms). the secondary outcomes are the visual analogue scale (vas), active range of motion (arom), pain catastrophizing scale (pcs), hospital anxiety and depression scale (hads), pittsburgh sleep quality index (psi), short form-12 (sf-12), and global rating of change (grc). outcome measures will be performed at baseline and at the end of 8-week intervention.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: forty years of age or older patients that have been diagnosed for a partial rotator cuff tear that is unrelated to trauma by a specialist orthopedist with mri and physical examination and no other shoulder problems on the diagnosed shoulder will be included into this study. exclusion criteria: patients diagnosed with full-thickness or massive rotator cuff tear, patients who undergone previous surgery, patients diagnosed with frozen shoulder or glenohumeral instability, and athletic patients younger than 40 years of age with symptoms of acute rc tear will not be included into this study.
effectiveness of psychological interventions in haemophilia

Conditions: Haemophilia

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the relative effectiveness of two psychological interventions, cognitive-behavioral therapy (cbt) and hypnosis (hyp), in preventing and managing pain, regulating emotional state and improving quality of life in portuguese pwh.

22 (people with haemophilia) pwh will be included in each group (hypnosis, cbt and control-no intervention) (total=66). sample size was calculated using g\*power 3.1.4 and considering the following assumptions: to perform a one-way anova with fixed effects, a large effect size (f =0.4), a significance level (α - type i error) of 0.05 and a statistical power (1-β - type ii error) of 0.80. the patients will be approached by clinicians of the immunohaemotherapy department and the psychologists for the explanation of the study, confidentiality and voluntary nature of participation. patients who agree to participate will be asked to read and sign the informed consent document. afterwards, the first assessment moment will take place in order to get a baseline assessment of each patient (t0: pre-test). subsequently, the blind randomization to one of the 3 conditions will occur and the 4 individual intervention sessions will be scheduled, occurring in a weekly basis (90 minutes per session). the post-test assessment (t1) takes place one week after the last intervention session (in the 5th week), and the follow-up assessments (t2, t3 and t4) will occur subsequently at 3 months, 6 months and one year post-intervention. a physiological assessment will be performed at t1, t2 and t4. this will be performed through the collection of blood samples in order to achieve a systemic evaluation of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. a cbc (complete blood count) with white blood count and c reactive protein (crp) analysis will also be performed. upon arrival at the immunohaemotherapy department (between 9:30 am and 1:30 pm), patients will undergo sample blood collection and edta-samples will be transported immediately to the lab. in the lab, blood samples are centrifuged 15 minutes at 3.000 rpm, and plasma aliquoted and stored in a freezer at -80 ºc, until further analysis. plasma levels of cytokines (il-6, il-1β, tnf-α, il-10) are assayed in duplicate using ultra-sensitive multiplex human elisa kits (life technologies®). functional assessment of the joints will be performed through the gilbert (based on clinical evaluation) and pettersson scores (based on x-ray and ultrasonography). all study procedures will comply with the applicable ethical guidelines.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * mild pr severe haemophilia a or b * age of 18 or older * ability to write and read exclusion criteria: * other comorbid life threatening diseases, such as cancer * neurological or psychiatric deficits * acquired haemophilia

Keywords: haemophilia rct pain hemarthrosis hypnosis cognitive-behavioral therapy quality of life distress cytokines
high resolution magnetic resonance imaging in patients with brain tumors

Conditions: Brain Tumor

Summary: the study will compare two different size mri's of a brain tumor.

the study is designed to directly compare the mr images of a brain tumor obtained on the 3t and then 7t mri in approximately 150 patients followed serially with mr imaging to evaluate for tumor progression.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female, age 18 years or older * patient must meet at least one of the four following criteria regarding brain tumor diagnosis: * histological diagnosis of a brain tumor * histological diagnosis of systemic cancer and brain mr imaging suggestive of metastatic disease to the brain * pre-operative brain mr imaging suggestive of a brain tumor * radiographic diagnosis of brain tumor in an inoperable location (e.g., brainstem) * patient able and willing to provide informed consent * karnofsky performance status \> 70% * life expectancy greater than 3 months * negative serum or urine pregnancy test or child bearing potential terminated by surgery, radiation, menopause or current use of two approved methods of birth control * patients who are excluded from 7t mr imaging because of titanium implants that are not yet established to be safe at 7t remain eligible for the imaging at 3t \* spanish speaking participants will be enrolled for this study exclusion criteria: * body weight \>137 kg (300 lbs) * patient unable to provide informed consent * karnofsky performance status \< 70% * patients who are claustrophobic or have other contraindications to mri, such as implanted pacemaker device vascular clips, surgical clips, prosthetic valves, pacemakers, otologic implants * nyha class iii and iv congestive heart failure * psychiatric or addictive disorders that preclude obtaining informed consent * unstable angina * sexually active patients of childbearing potential not using a reliable contraceptive method * pregnant or lactating women * women of childbearing potential who refuse a pregnancy test (performed during screening)
body composition and risk for development of pre-diabetes in post-menopausal chinese women in singapore

Conditions: Osteoporosis; Metabolic Syndrome

Summary: this project aims to ascertain that novel imaging and metabolic markers can be used to identify as well as to validate and improve the detection of singapore-chinese women at increased risk of diabetes.

disproportionate non-communicable disease risk present in some ethnicities has been demonstrated and is amplified by increased weight gain. relative to malay and caucasian populations, the prevalence of obesity increased sharply in people of chinese and indian ethnicity and diabetes risk is prevalent at a bmi of 21 (equivalent to a bmi \>25 in caucasian populations). it was also speculated that chinese singaporean women are prone to metabolic syndrome at a lower bmi. this study will recruit two groups of postmenopausal women with different bmi's and to measure markers for metabolic syndrome. these participants will visit clinical nutrition research centre for a single session and will undergo a whole body scan and a regional scan of the lumbar spine and femoral neck with a bone densitometer and fasting baseline blood and urine samples collected. dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (dexa) scan will provide percentage fat mass, fat in gram, whole body bone mineral content and total body lean mass. from these, gynoid and android fat distribution will be derived and appendicular lean mass will be calculated and an index calculated using kg/m2 to give an indication of relative muscle mass. in addition blood and urine samples will be collected for metabolic risk analysis. participants will be also be undergoing a quantitative computed tomography (qct) scan which will allow true volumetric measurements of the lumbar spine and proximal femur independent of the body size. volumetric density values will be measured in hounsfield units transformed into bone mineral density measurements using a calibration phantom underneath the patient. magnetic resonance imaging of the 3rd lumbar vertebra and the right hip will also be performed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy chinese women * aged 55 to 70 years * be 5 years past menopause * have not been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes exclusion criteria: * have been diagnosed with hyper or hypo-thyroidism, parathyroid disease, diabetes mellitus, cushing's syndrome. * have cancers * have systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis * respiratory disease * had operations such as gastrectomy and intestinal resection * have liver disease such as liver cirrhosis * on prescribed medication known to affect the study outcomes.
performance of imaging for the diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma (< 3 cm)on cirrhosis

Conditions: Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate 3 imaging techniques and their associations : mri, ctscanner and enhanced contrast ultrasound for the diagnosis of small (\< 3 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma for patients with cirrhosis.

with the improvement of cirrhosis complications coverage, hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) tend to become the main cause of mortality for cirrhotic patients. currently, the incidence of the hcc increase in occidental country and hid global prognostic remain very bad. the main indication factor for a curative treatment is the size lesion. cirrhosis is the main risk factor for hcc occurence. in france, hcc screening has been establish for cirrhotic patients with hepatic ultrasound and alfa-fetoprotein measurement with the aim of detected hcc when the size allows a curative treatment. when a nodule is discovered during the follow-up, hcc diagnosis is done following the recommendations of european association for the study of the liver (aesl) in 2000, updated by the american association for the study of liver diseases (aasld)in 2005. diagnostic is function of nodule feature on one or two enhanced imaging techniques among ctscanner, mri and enhanced contrast ultrasound. this diagnostic strategy raises several questions. first, neither the most efficient dynamic imaging association for nodules from 1 to 2 cm, nor the most efficient imaging examination for nodules from 2 to 3 cm are known. second, only few studies have been carried out about imaging semiology of the small hepatocellular carcinoma. thus, the imprecisions of the present recommendations regarding the choice of the best examination technique and the difficulties in the diagnosis of benign or malignant nature for small nodule can lead to a bad management of these patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \> 18 hears * presence of one or several nodules \< 3 cm * known or suspected cirrhosis exclusion criteria: * psychiatric disease * contraindication to one of the 3 imaging examinations (ctscanner, mri, enhanced contrast ultrasound * patient already treated by chemoembolization * recurrence on the coagulation zone of a nodule already treated by per-cutaneous tumour destruction * presence of a tumour (\> 3 cm) associated to the nodule * pregnant woman or breast-feeding woman
effect of barcelona school and schroth for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Conditions: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis, Thoracic Region

Summary: for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis child, investigator will use barcelona scoliosis physical therapy school and international scoliosis schroth therapy to see which school is better in dealing with scoliosis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: scoliosis with angle \< 25 participant has risser sign of п-v participant is not receiving other treatment during study participant not using braces or muscle relaxants exclusion criteria: scoliosis due to congenital, neuro-muscular, or syndromic etiology, participant who has true leg length discrepancy participant who has cardiac anomalies participant who has kyphosis.
the effect of tramadol on interscalene brachial plexus block

Conditions: Shoulder Fracture; Shoulder Dislocation; Rotator Cuff Injury; Shoulder Arthritis

Summary: the purpose of our study is to evaluate the effect of tramadol as an adjunct to ropivacaine local anesthetic solution in interscalene brachial plexus block for shoulder surgery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * shoulder surgery exclusion criteria: * patients on opioids * diabetes mellitus * interscalene block contraindicated * patient refusing regional anesthesia techniques
manipulating tobacco constituents in female menthol smokers

Conditions: Nicotine Dependence

Summary: this study examines the potential effect of reducing nicotine content or menthol or both in women of reproductive age, a vulnerable population identified by the fda in need of further research.

study is designed to address the following questions that have been outlined by the fda as particular areas of interest: 1. what are the factors, including menthol and other flavorings that influence the appeal of tobacco products to vulnerable populations: what is the impact of these factors on cessation, switching tobacco products and multiple use? 2. what is the potential impact of modifying nicotine levels on dependence, and smoking rate and cessation, as well as patterns of switching products and use of multiple tobacco products? 3. beyond nicotine, what other constituents enhance addictive properties?

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria are: 1. smoking at least 5 menthol cigarettes daily for the last year; 2. able to speak, read and understand english 3. female age 18 -45 years of age; 4. stable residence; 5. not intending to quit smoking within the next 6 weeks. exclusion criteria are: 1. unstable psychiatric disorder (psychiatric symptoms reported by patient or identified in medical record that cause current significant impairment in functioning or judgment such that the person's ability to come consistently for study appointments or render a decision regarding informed consent is in question.); 2. substance use which exceeds any of the following: marijuana use 3x/week, consuming 21 drinks/week or illicit drug use 1x/week; 3. history of cardiovascular disease; 4. current blood clot in arms or legs; 5. blood pressure \>160/100; 6. unstable medical problems which may include but are not limited to immune system disorders, severe respiratory diseases, kidney or liver diseases, thyroid problems, substance abuse or dependence that would limit patients ability to follow experimental protocol (based on history and drug and alcohol questionaires) or other heart conditions. the study physician will determine whether a given medical condition is unstable and the appropriateness of study participation for a particular subject; 7. serious quit attempts in the last 3 months (to ensure stability of smoking); 8. regular use (e.g., greater than weekly) of tobacco products other than cigarettes; 9. currently using nicotine replacement or other tobacco cessation products (to minimize confounding effects of another product); 10. pregnant or breastfeeding those planning to become pregnant,and those who are of childbearing potential and are not using an "acceptable form" of birthcontrol such as depo-provera, norplant, tubal ligation and barrier methods such as condoms or diaphragm.

Keywords: menthol nicotine