Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
analysis of visual pathways in glaucoma patients using a 3tesla-mri

Conditions: Glaucoma; Fractional Anisotropy

Summary: glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease representing the second cause of blindness worldwide. iop (intra occular pressure) is the most common risk factor, but not the only one as it is observed for normal tension glaucoma. some studies have reported lesions of the optical pathways on mri examination mri 3t (magnetic resonance imaging 3 telsa), by increasing spatial resolution and dti (diffusion tensor imaging)with fractional anisotropy could help us to analyze visual pathways and to determine the association with neurodegenerative diseases as alzheimer. the investigators propose to compare volume and structure of the visual pathways between glaucoma patients and healthy subjects matched on age and sex. glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of retinal ganglion cells, visual field deterioration and optic nerve cupping. some studies have suggested that all the visual pathways could be damaged in glaucoma. recently, a german study proved a significant reduction of volume of the optic radiations in glaucoma versus healthy subjects in mri 3t. some authors have also suggested that glaucoma could share similarities with the other neurodegenerative diseases like alzheimer's disease. mri 3t and dti allow studying visual pathways with a high level of spatial resolution.fractional anisotropy is a tag of microstructure.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * for cases : age over 40 years-old, glaucomatous lesion of the optic nerve head with cup/disc ratio, visual field loss, and minimental state superior or equal to 28/30 * for healthy subjects/ matched on age and sex, no individual or familial history of glaucoma, iop less than 21mmhg, minimental state superior or equal to 28/30 exclusion criteria: * ocular hypertension, optic nerve disease, visual field loss, diabetes, horton disease, ocular diseases, immunologic diseases, neuropsychiatric diseases, mri contraindication (pace maker)
effectiveness of adding interleukin-2 to anti-hiv drugs in patients recently infected with hiv

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: the purpose of this study is to see whether taking interleukin-2 (il-2) and other anti-hiv drugs affects the course of hiv disease in patients with primary hiv infection (the time period that immediately follows infection with hiv). after primary hiv infection, the actual infection is spread through an increasing amount of hiv virus in the body. studies have shown that, by taking a combination of anti-hiv drugs, it is possible to reduce the amount of hiv in the body to almost undetectable levels. this study will find out if starting anti-hiv drugs during primary infection will interrupt or reduce the spread of hiv in patients' bodies.

following initial exposure to hiv, infection is established through the rapid replication of a homogeneous strain of the virus. preliminary studies of combination antiretroviral therapy show that it is possible to reduce circulating hiv rna to below detectable levels at this phase. sustained suppression of viral replication or viral eradication may be possible only before hiv has become integrated in the immune system and undergone a number of quasi species mutations. this study will assess the feasibility of interrupting the natural course of hiv infection by using antiretroviral therapy soon after initial infection. nelfinavir (nfv) and zidovudine/lamivudine (combivir) treatment starts as soon as possible and at most, 7 days from the diagnosis of hiv infection, and continues for 104 weeks. after 4 weeks of therapy patients are randomized to begin receiving il-2 therapy or to delay starting it until week 48. patients may choose not to receive il-2 treatment and remain in the study. patients have clinic visits to measure viral load every 4 weeks. at a final clinic visit, physical examinations and collection of semen, cervical fluid, blood, and saliva specimens are done. eligible consenting patients have a tonsil biopsy. patients are reimbursed for participation in this study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria patients may be eligible for this study if they: * have recent hiv infection. * are available for follow-up for at least 96 weeks. * are at least 18 years old. * use a barrier method of birth control. exclusion criteria patients will not be eligible for this study if they: * have a condition such as epstein-barr virus, cmv mononucleosis syndrome, or acute streptococcal pharyngitis. * have taken anti-hiv therapy for over 4 weeks. * have or have had cancer requiring chemotherapy or radiation therapy within 1 month of study entry and have not yet recovered from the effects. * abuse alcohol and other drugs. * are pregnant. * have a condition which interferes with intestinal absorption, such as severe diarrhea.

Keywords: virus replication hiv-1 interleukin-2 drug therapy, combination zidovudine hiv protease inhibitors cd4-positive t-lymphocytes cd8-positive t-lymphocytes biological markers lamivudine reverse transcriptase inhibitors anti-hiv agents nelfinavir cytotoxicity, immunologic acute infection
insulin deprivation on brain structure and function in humans with type 1 diabetes

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes; Diabetes Complications

Summary: what are the effects of transient insulin deprivation on brain structure, blood flow, mitochondrial function, and cognitive function in t1dm patients? what are the effects of transient insulin deprivation on circulating exosomes and metabolites in t1dm patients?

diabetes is associated with impaired cognition, abnormal brain development in children, and dementia in older adults, however the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. little is known about the brain-specific effects of acute insulin deficiency. our recent studies in diabetic mice show an overall down regulation of brain mitochondrial atp production and up regulation of several key mitochondrial proteins, indicating that insulin withdrawal has a profound effect on brain mitochondria as well as proteins implicated in neurodegeneration. hyperglycemia is known to alter cognitive function, but it is unclear if insulin deprivation independently alters cognitive function and has not been assessed in humans. in order to investigate the effects of insulin deprivation on the human brain, we propose a study involving temporary insulin deprivation in adolescents and adults with type 1 diabetes (t1dm). we will perform brain mri, phosphorus31 spectroscopy, cognitive testing, circulating blood exosome measurements, and proteomics from muscle biopsy; comparing these measures during insulin treatment and deprivation between diabetic patients and age-, sex-, bmi-matched controls. specific aim 1: determine whether transient insulin deprivation in t1dm adults and adolescents alters brain structure, functions and blood flow as assessed by structural/functional mri. specific aim 2: determine whether transient insulin deprivation in t1dm adults and adolescents alters cognitive function. specific aim 3: determine whether transient insulin deprivation in t1dm adults and adolescents alters the circulating blood exosome contents and metabolome that can potentially impact brain functions. specific aim 4: determine whether transient insulin deprivation in t1dm adults alters the skeletal muscle proteome homeostasis especially those involved in fission and fusion

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and females age 14-17 years, females must be post-menarcheal * age 18-45 years * able to provide written consent * parents able to provide written consent * t1dm treated with csii or mdi (not degludec) exclusion criteria: * bmi \ 30 kg/m2 * bmi z-score \ 95th percentile * celiac disease * pregnancy * smoking * reported history of illicit substance use * history of active cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, or peripheral vascular disease * active renal disease evidenced by estimated gfr \< 50 ml/min/1.73 m2 * history of traumatic brain injury * dementia or any other neurologic disease * psychiatric disease\\ * any learning disability * hemoglobin a1c \> 8.5% * hemoglobin a1c \> 9% * t2dm, or impaired fasting glucose

Keywords: dementia cognition insulin adolescent
effect of different protein diets on glucose and insulin metabolism and substrate partitioning

Conditions: Insulin; Glucose Metabolism

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether different protein diets affects glucose and insulin metabolism and substrate partitioning.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * bmi: 18.5-25 kg/m2 (lean) * gender: male * age: \<35 years * caucasian exclusion criteria: * elevated fasting blood glucose level * lactose intolerant * diabetes mellitus * hypertension (systolic/diastolic blood pressure) * hypotension (systolic/diastolic blood pressure) * cardiovascular diseases * asthma and other obstructive pulmonary diseases

Keywords: milk protein overweight insulin metabolism substrate partitioning
one needle hand acupuncture for msk disorders

Conditions: Acupuncture; Pain; Range of Motion

Summary: the purpose of this research study is to study the method of acupuncture called one needle hand acupuncture, where a needle is placed just in your hand, in order to treat pain in various locations. benefits of acupuncture will be studied over time to determine short and long term effects of acupuncture, and see how acupuncture may alter or modify a patient's disease process.

patients with neck, shoulder, low back, or hip pain that is exacerbated by movement will be randomized 1:1:1 to receive either verum hand acupuncture at the correct location (with or without movement) or control acupuncture at a nearby incorrect location. after needling and as part of the intervention, the movement groups will perform gentle active range of motion (rom) exercises, while the without movement group will lay on the examination table, all for 10 minutes. immediately pre- and post- intervention, numeric pain rating scores (nprs) and goniometer- or inclinometer-obtained rom measurements will be recorded for the most provocative movement plane. in the physical therapy literature, within-session improvements in pain and rom have been shown to correlate with between-session improvements.all patients will complete promis pain interference, physical function, anxiety, and depression measures prior to the acupuncture intervention and then 1,2, 4, and 8 weeks later. four potential treatment response modifiers will be assessed. in traditional chinese medicine (tcm), a strong needling sensation felt by the patient during an acupuncture treatment is called a "deqi" response and is thought to be a positive prognostic sign. in western medicine, a local twitch response (ltr) observed during needling of muscle trigger points is thought to represent a polysynaptic reflex and has been linked to local pain improvements.other potential modifiers include patients' underlying musculoskeletal structural diagnosis and the provider's experience performing acupuncture.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * primary pain localized to neck, shoulder, low back, hip. * pain \>=4 on numeric pain rating scale with one of predetermined motions. * willing to participate in study and fill out questionnaires. exclusion criteria: * fracture, malignancy * condition that requires urgent treatment (e.g. cervical myelopathy) * contraindications to needling (e.g. pregnancy, active infection)
evaluation of a web-based platform for osteoarthritis treatment

Conditions: Osteoarthritis, Knee

Summary: this study will compare the effects of a novel web-based program (joint academy) to regular face-to-face treatment (the boa program) for people with osteoarthritis of the knee. half of the participants will be randomized to the web-based program whilst the other half will receive regular face-to-face care.

according to national and international guidelines, osteoarthritis (oa) treatment consists of exercise and information. the face-to-face boa program is a model to deliver this treatment at primary care facilities in sweden. presently less than 20% of people with oa receive adequate treatment. this may be due to lack of healthcare resources or people having trouble to fit their schedule to primary care opening hours. to facilitate a better oa care, alternative methods are therefore required. a two-armed randomized clinical superiority trial will be performed to compare oa treatment by a web-based program, joint academy, with the traditional face-to-face boa program in 270 adults with clinically verified oa. using intention-to-treat analysis and per-protocol, evaluations will be performed at baseline, after 6 weeks and after 3, 6 and 12 months. the primary outcome is physical function. secondary outcomes are joint pain, health-related quality of life, self-reported function, amount of time of physical activity/exercise and overall satisfaction. a health-economic analysis will also be performed. the primary endpoint will be at 12 months. data will be monitored using web-based questionnaires in joint academy, and regular paper questionnaires for the face-to-face treatment. should the trial show superiority in favor of joint academy, an implementation of the web-based treatment would benefit both patient and society at large, since joint academy entails a more flexible treatment in regards to time and location, and is not as costly per-patient as regular face-to-face treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: i: a clinical diagnosis of knee oa according to american college of rheumatology (acr) diagnostic criteria as well as national and international guidelines: knee pain and 3 of the following: \> 50 years of age, morning stiffness \>30 min, crepitus, bony tenderness, bony enlargement, no palpable warmth; ii: reported knee pain ≥4 and ≤8 on the nrs, and ≥6 to ≤16 in number of repetitions of the 30 second chair stand test, at pre-randomization screening. ii: able to handle a software program via phone, tablet or computer. iii: able to read and write the swedish language. exclusion criteria: i: neurological disease, inflammatory joint disease or cancer. ii: cognitive disorder, e.g. dementia. iii: exercise is contra-indicated for the patient

Keywords: clinical trials, randomized telemedicine
comparative effects of myofascial induction therapy versus gastrocnemius pressure release treatment on trigger point pressure pain threshold in proximal muscles and ankle range of motion.

Conditions: Pain Threshold; Myofascial Trigger Point; Manual Therapy; Range of Motion

Summary: the aim of the study is to test the effect of myofascial induction and pre-pressure release of the grastrocnemius muscle on the proximal musculature: biceps femoris, flexor digitorum brevis and extensor digitorum grandus on the pain pre-pressure threshold variable and range of motion of ankle with knee bend and flexed


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects from 18 to 39 years old. * healthy subjects with trigger point 1 of the gastrocnemius muscle in both lower limbs exclusion criteria: * diagnosis of lower limb injury, including any tendinopathy, bursitis, ligamentous involvement, and/or fasciitis * history of lower limb surgery or history of lower-extremity injury with residual symptoms (pain or feeling of sensations) within the last year. * participants could not have undergone ankle stretching or any other treatment. * diabetes due to possible alteration of arterial distal circulation. * foot deformity, cavus, and flat feet. * foot deformities, such as hammer toes and hallux valgus, * plantar corns and calluses. * lower limb dysfunction or chronic injury.

Keywords: fascia myofascial trigger point lower limb
frailty status and increased risk for falls

Conditions: Frailty; Fall; Anticholinergic Toxicity

Summary: we hypothesized that the use of anticholinergic medications may precipitate falls differently by frailty status in older adults. community-dwelling older subjects admitted to the geriatrics outpatient clinic prospectively enter into the study. frailty status is defined according to the physical frailty phenotype. the drugs are categorized according to the acb scale

previous studies have found that the use of drugs with anticholinergic properties relate to increased prevalence of falls in older women and men. frailty is associated with serious health outcomes including falls, hip fractures, and death. frailty can be a relevant target to investigate its association with the risk of falls among the users of drugs with anticholinergic properties. a recent evidence suggests that the interaction between being frail and adverse outcomes in older adults receiving polypharmacy or centrally acting drugs is complex and not straightforward across all frailty phenotypes. we classify the participants frail if they met at least three of five criteria, while those having one or two criteria were pre-frail, and others were non-frail. we determine the anticholinergic burden by using the anticholinergic cognitive burden (acb) scale developed by boustani et al.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * community-dwelling older adults exclusion criteria: * a history of dementia, * current delirium or psychotic symptoms, * taking antipsychotic medications, * being functionally dependent to others, * difficulty in communicating with the interviewer, * terminal illness, * being bedridden or wheelchair bound (≥2 weeks), * difficulty in standing or walking, * incomplete data
adjunctive effect of light emitting diode on hand grip strength in burn patients

Conditions: Burns; Hand Burn; Hand Grasp; Hand Injuries

Summary: this study will be done to evaluate effect of applying led before hand exercise on hand grip strength. sixty male patients with subacute partial thickness burn of hand will be randomly allocated into two equal groups of 30 patients. the following equipment and tools will be used measurement equipments: * for total active motion of fingers (tam): goniometer. * for hand grip strength: hand grip dynamometer. therapeutic equipment: light emitting diode therapy (led) device.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: the subject selection will be according to the following criteria: * burn caused by thermal injury (flame or scald) with involvement of the wrist and hand and other parts of the body not including shoulder and elbow. * age range between 20-35 years. * male gender. * subacute partial-thickness burn " from 3rd day of burn". * recent discharge of in patient acute care, spontaneous healing. * all patients enrolled to the study will have their informed consent. exclusion criteria: the potential participants will be excluded if they meet one of the following criteria: * cardiac diseases. * perception of persistent respiratory problem related to a previous inhalation injury * signs of burn infection (i.e., unclear fluid oozing from the wound, increased pain, expanded redness and swelling) * exposed tendons. * nerve, muscle injury. * scar contracture of hand. * cognitive disorders. * presence of fractures. * patients who suffer from skin diseases, diabetes, varicose veins, and peripheral vascular diseases. * patients with life threatening disorders as renal failure, myocardial infarction or other similar diseases will be excluded from the study.
(acord study) - a study of neorecormon (epoetin beta) in patients with early diabetic nephropathy

Conditions: Anemia

Summary: this study will assess the effect of anemia correction with neorecormon on cardiac structure and function in patients with early diabetic nephropathy. the anticipated time on study treatment is 1-2 years and the target sample size is 100-500 individuals.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients \>=18 years of age; * type 1 or type 2 diabetes; * stable glycemic control for \>=3 months; * diabetic nephropathy. exclusion criteria: * women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or unwilling to use a reliable contraceptive method; * previous treatment with erythropoietin or other erythropoietic substance; * nondiabetic renal disease, nephrotic syndrome; * blood transfusion within the 3 months prior to enrollment; * administration of any investigational drug within 30 days preceding the study start, and during the study.
antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in patients with periodontal disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Conditions: Periodontal Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Periodontitis; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Inflammation

Summary: objectives: this study aimed to determine the effect of concomitant antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aptd) on periodontal disease and glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm). clinical relevance: aptd is a noninvasive adjunctive therapy that can positively influence the periodontal treatment outcome.

numerous studies confirm that diabetes mellitus increases the risk of gingivitis and periodontitis. however, periodontal disease also impairs glycaemic control in people with diabetes mellitus via inflammatory mediators. methods: twenty-four patients with t2dm were enrolled in the study. periodontal tissue status and periodontal disease were assessed by measuring probing pocket depth (ppd), bleeding on probing (bop), clinical attachment loss (cal), plaque index (pi) and sulcus bleeding index (sbi). glycated haemoglobin a1c (hba1c) was measured. to determine the presence of the following periodontal pathogenic bacteria aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, prevotella intermedia, porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia and treponema denticola, subgingival plaque samples were taken from two periodontal pockets with the greatest ppd using paper tips. patients were randomly divided into the test and control group. in the test group, complete oral disinfection was performed in combination with aptd. in the control group, only complete oral disinfection was performed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 40 and 75 years * diabetes mellitus type 2 with an hba1c value \> 7.0%, * at least ten teeth in the maxilla and mandible * at least four teeth with a probing pocket depth ≥ 5 mm and bleeding on probing. exclusion criteria: * antibiotic treatment in the last four months * periodontal treatment in the last six months * any change in antihyperglycaemic treatment three months prior to participation * pregnant women * lactating women * smokers * former smokers who had stopped smoking less than five years before participation

Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus periodontal disease antimicrobial photodynamic therapy indocyanine green