Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
optic nerve sheath diameter in pediatric patients

Conditions: Optic Nerve Sheath Neoplasm; Intracranial Pressure Increase; Intubation Complication; Airway Complication of Anesthesia

Summary: endotracheal intubation and laryngeal mask are generally applied to secure the airway during general anesthesia. there is a widespread opinion among anesthesiologists that endotracheal intubation increases intracranial pressure. since there were no non-invasive methods measuring intracranial pressure in the past, adequate studies on this subject could not be done. with this measurement, we aimed to show whether ett or lma applications have effects on intracranial pressure.

in normal pediatric patients with closed fontanelles, the contents of the central nervous system are almost compressed into the skull and spinal canal. intracranial pressure is created and constant by the total volume of brain, csf, and blood within the skull. increased intracranial pressure can be measured with an intraventricular catheter, transducers, and a subarachnoid bolt. by measuring the diameter of the optic nerve sheath with ultrasonography, we can find out whether there is an increase in intracranial pressure non-invasively. endotracheal intubation and laryngeal mask are generally applied to secure the airway during general anesthesia. there is a widespread opinion among anesthesiologists that endotracheal intubation increases intracranial pressure. since there were no non-invasive methods measuring intracranial pressure in the past, adequate studies on this subject could not be done. with this measurement, we aimed to show whether ett or lma applications have effects on intracranial pressure.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients aged 2-18 years 2. patients undergoing general anesthesia 3. patients who agreed to be included 4. asa i-iii exclusion criteria: 1. those with any eye pathology 2. those with intracranial pathology
impact of infliximab in fistulizing crohn's disease on health care resources (study p04204)(terminated)

Conditions: Crohn Disease

Summary: a multi-centre retrospective review of fistulizing crohn's disease (cd) patient charts will capture data to measure health care resource utilization associated with the use of infliximab for treatment of cd. three health science centres/hospitals from ontario are targeted to participate in the study, each site is expected to provide 30-40 patient charts with a target of 108 charts total.

this study population was chosen from a non-probability sample.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * treatment with infliximab for fistulizing cd. * administration of at least one infliximab infusion \>=12 months before the chart review. * 18 years of age or over (men and women). exclusion criteria: * subjects not followed for a full year after their first infusion of infliximab. * subjects not followed for a full year prior to their first infusion of infliximab. * subjects who had participated in clinical studies during the data collection timeframe.
osteoarthritis initiative (oai): a knee health study

Conditions: Osteoarthritis; Knee Osteoarthritis

Summary: knee osteoarthritis (oa) is the most common cause of disability in adults. the "osteoarthritis initiative (oai): a knee health study" is a nationwide research study that will help researchers gather more information about the physical changes that occur prior to the onset of arthritis symptoms or before oa gets worse. the purpose of this study is to examine people who have knee oa or are at high risk for knee oa; information will be used to better understand how to prevent and treat knee oa.

knee oa causes more health problems and medical expenses that any other form of arthritis. symptoms of oa can range from stiffness and mild pain to severe joint pain and even disability. previous research has shown that certain factors, such as knee pain, prior knee injury or knee surgery, oa of the hand, or obesity, may lead to knee oa. the oai is a multicenter, observational study of knee oa that will collect information on potential biomarkers for oa and trends in oa onset and progression. the oai will recruit and follow participants who have knee oa or are at high risk for developing knee oa for an eight-year period at one of four clinical centers. blood and urine collection, magnetic resonance imaging (mri), and x-rays will be completed at each of four annual follow-up visits. a questionnaire and physical examination at screening will assess for risk factors for the development and progression of knee oa. levels of knee pain and physical disability will be assessed at study start and at each of the follow-up visits by questionnaire and examination.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: must meet one of the following criteria: * overweight * previous knee injury or surgery * knee pain during the past year. participants do not need to have current knee pain to take part in the study. * parent or sibling who had knee replacement exclusion criteria: * rheumatoid arthritis * joint replacements in both knees * unable to walk without assistance * unable to undergo mri of the knee

Keywords: osteoarthritis knee pain knee health
aortic stenosis in subjects with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia on prolonged treatment with statins

Conditions: Aortic Stenosis; Arteriosclerosis; Familial Hypercholesterolemia; Conventional Transthoracic Echocardiogram

Summary: aortic stenosis (ae) is a disease that has been increasing steadily in recent years in most countries, including spain.risk factors for the development of ae include age, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension, the classic risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis. however, lipid-lowering therapy with statins and ezetimibe has not been shown to reduce the risk of long-term progression of ae by unknown mechanisms. all this suggests that subjects with hfhe have a high risk of developing ad, which has not been shown by the high coronary mortality in this population that precedes aortic calcification

the study includes a single clinical visit with collection of clinical data, blood extraction and the performance of a transthoracic echocardiogram. this visit may be made on different days, but always within 30 days of signing the informed consent.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: cases: * age ≥ 65 years at the time of cardiac ultrasound * genetically diagnosed hfh or in a first-degree relative * history of hypercholesterolemia with ldlc levels\> 220 mg / dl without lipid-lowering treatment controls: * genetically similar * siblings of the normoccholesterolemic case, defined by ldlc \<190 mg / dl without lipid-lowering treatment. * in the absence of available siblings, first cousins may be included. * in the presence of several siblings available, the same sex will be included, * environmentally similar * stable partner of the case with cohabitation\> 25 years \* each case will have at least one control. exclusion criteria: - personal history of cardiac rheumatic disease
observational study to develop dosing chart

Conditions: Infertile Women Undergoing IVF or ICSI

Summary: to confirm the predictors based on patient specific characteristics and ovarian response and develop dosing chart when follitrope™ pfs is administered to infertility women patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female aged of 19 to 39 years * mean menstrual cycle in 25 to 35 days * patients to whom follitrope pfs will be administered in those scheduled to undergo the ivf-et according to the gnrh agonist or antagonist protocol * in the past continuous ivf cycle failure less than 2 times exclusion criteria: * patients having a history of ovarian, breast, uterus, hyperthalamus, or pituitary tumor * abnormal uterine bleeding of undetermined origin * prior hypersensitivity to a component of recombinant fsh * ovarian cyst or enlargement of undetermined origin * clinically significant endocrine abnormalities * patients having polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) history * poor ovarian responder (bologna criteria) * patients who received clomiphene citrate, letrozole (pemara), or gonadotropin within 30 days prior to enrollment in this study
research study looking at how well semaglutide works in people living with obesity and prediabetes

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: this study looks at how well a new medicine, called semaglutide, works at helping people with obesity and prediabetes. this study will look at how much weight participants lose, and if participants can go from having blood sugar that is higher than normal (prediabetes) to having normal blood sugar. semaglutide is compared to a "dummy" medicine. the "dummy" medicine looks like semaglutide but has no effect on the body. in addition to taking the medicine, participants will have talks with study staff about healthy food choices, how to be more physically active and what participants can do to lose weight. participants will either get semaglutide or "dummy" medicine - which treatment they get is decided by chance. participants are 2 times as likely to get semaglutide as "dummy" medicine. participants will need to take 1 injection once a week. the study medicine is injected with a thin needle in a skin fold in the stomach, thigh or upper arm. the study will last for about 19 months. participants have to take the study medicine every week for the first 12 months. the last 7 months participants will not take any medication. participants will have 14 clinic visits and 1 phone call with the study staff. at 9 of the clinic visits participants will have blood samples taken. women cannot take part if pregnant, breast-feeding or plan to become pregnant during the study period.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female aged greater than or equal to 18 years at the time of signing informed consent. * bmi greater than or equal to 30.0 kg/m\^2 * prediabetes defined as at least one of the following: * hba1c between 6.0 and 6.4 percent (42 and 47 mmol/mol) (both inclusive) as measured by central laboratory at screening. * fpg between 5.5 and 6.9 mmol/l (99 and 125 mg/dl) (both inclusive) as measured by central laboratory at screening. exclusion criteria: * history of type 1 or type 2 diabetes. * treatment with glucose-lowering agent(s) within 90 days before screening. * hba1c greater than or equal to 6.5 percent (greater than or equal to 48 mmol/mol) as measured by central laboratory at screening. * fpg greater than or equal to 7.0mmol/l (126 mg/dl) as measured by central laboratory at screening. a self-reported change in body weight greater than 5 kg (11 lbs) within 90 days before screening irrespective of medical records. * treatment with any medication for the indication of obesity within the past 90 days before screening.
improvement of physical activity and correction of body mass index in school children

Conditions: Overweight

Summary: there is an increasing incidence of overweight children in germany, due to a lack of physical activity. the aim of this study is to improve physical fitness and activity in school children. two classes in different schools are provided with additional sport lessons over a period of one year.

the increasing incidence of overweight children in germany is due to a lack of physical activity and intake of unhealthy food. the importance of physical activity for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in adults was shown in several trials. therefore we provide additional sport lessons over the period of one year in two defined schools in leipzig with the aim to improve physical fitness in school children. two other classes with the -in germany- usual quantity of sport classes served as control classes. in all classes at the beginning and at the end of the school year blood samples were taken, and a clinical investigation, a coordination test for children and a spiroergometer were performed. additionally each child had to fill out a questionnaire. endurance training is emphasized in the sport lessons.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * school class exclusion criteria: * condition precluding exercise

Keywords: physical fitness
observation study of the medication switch at patients treated with sitaxentan to a regime without sitaxentan

Conditions: Hypertension, Pulmonary

Summary: due to the withdrawal of thelin (sitaxentan) in december 2010 all patients with pulmonary hypertension treated with sitaxentan need to be switched to an alternative therapy. this study will observe in which way the change of medication - in the clinical routine, without exception in charge of the treating physician - affects clinical and laboratory parameters and patient's quality of life.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pulmonary hypertension * treatment with sitaxentan exclusion criteria: * inability or unwillingness to give written informed consent
human and bacterial protease activity as prognostic tool of foot infections in diabetic patients

Conditions: Diabetic Foot Infection

Summary: this study will establish whether human and bacterial protease activity can aid therapeutic decision-making, including targeted treatments.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the patient must have given their free and informed consent and signed the consent form * the patient must be a member or beneficiary of a health insurance plan * the patient has been informed about the study objectives and purpose and their rights as a patient * the patient is being treated in the diabetes and infectious disease department * the patient has a chronic foot and/or heel wound classified as grade 1-3 according to the infectious diseases society of america. exclusion criteria: * the subject is participating in another category i interventional study, or has participated in another category i interventional trial in the previous 3 months, or is in a period of exclusion determined by a previous study * the subject refuses to sign the consent * it is impossible to give the subject informed information * the patient is under safeguard of justice or state guardianship * the patient is pregnant or breastfeeding * the patient has chronic foot and/or heel wound classified as grade 4 according to the infectious diseases society of america * patient with critical ischemia defined by psgo \<50 mmhg or psch \<70 mmhg
effects of external leg compression devices on healing and blood clotting

Conditions: Venous Stasis; Deep Venous Thrombosis; Healing Wound

Summary: this study aims to compare two different external calf compression devices applied in healthy individuals. these devices are commonly used in medical care in order to prevent the formation of blood clots, for example during immobilization after surgery. we aim to confirm the effects of external cyclic compression on healing and blood clotting and also to identify the one which is more effective.

aims: 1. to confirm that ipc (intermittent pneumatic compression) has a positive effect on systemic coagulation status, tissue metabolic activity, collagen formation and tissue microcirculation. 2. to compare the above effect of two different ipc devices: one rapid calf-ipc which expels blood from the veins sharp and rapidly and one slow calf-ipc, which pumps the blood in a more gentle and progressive way. this study could also make implications on how the blood flow parameters could be interpreted in the clinical setting, as previous haemodynamic studies have explained the superiority of the rapid device in terms of peak velocity and the superiority of the slow device in terms of total ejected volume per individual stimulus. materials and methods: 10-15 healthy individuals are planned to be recruited. the subjects will be lying in a prone position. a cuff connected with a calf-ipc device will be wrapped around each calf and will be functioning for 120 minutes. microdialysis catheters will be inserted with the tips about 1 mm from the volar side of each achilles tendon. in addition, one adhesive sensor will be applied on each calf just distal to the lower part of the cuff, in order to measure tissue oxygen mixed saturation (invos). blood samples will be taken via a venous catheter in antecubital fossa just before the application of the ipc, and at 30, 60 and 120 minutes. from the serum, several systemic coagulation factors will be measured (tissue plasminogen activator (tpa), plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (pai), tissue factor pathway inhibitor (tfpi), d-dimer, von willebrand factor and factor viia). from the microdialysis diffusate , two groups of substances will be measured: a) metabolites, such as pyruvate and b) collagen macromolecules, such as procollagen type i and iii. the ultimate goal is to assess the role of different ipc patterns on deep venous thrombosis prevention and promotion of tissue healing.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy individuals * male gender * age 18-60 exclusion criteria: * smoking * severe cardiovascular or renal disease causing pitting oedema * previous operation in the lower limbs affecting the vascular or lymphatic system
change in quality of life after full mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia in a group of egyptian children with down syndrome

Conditions: Pediatric Dentistry

Summary: to assess oral health related quality of life (ohrqol) after full mouth rehabilitation under ga in a group of egyptian children with down syndrome .

dental treatment under ga provides a safe approach and has significant positive effects on quality of life for children with down syndrome who cannot accept normal treatment. oral health related quality of life is measured in relation to how the mouth and teeth affect physical, psychological and social well-being and daily activities such as eating, chewing, swallowing, speaking, playing, learning, happiness, embarrassment, and social interactions (jabarifar et al., 2009). jankauskiene et al., 2010 conducted a systematic review concluded that "oral rehabilitation under ga results in immediate improvement of the children's oral health and physical, emotional and social quality of life. it also has a positive impact on the family". dental caries is a common condition amongst young children which negatively impacts on their quality of life. children with down syndrome who have an increased risk of developing caries due to various reasons: limited oral healthcare, difficultty in dental services,un stable diet, the high sugar contents in their medications and low salivary secretion(peerbhay \& titinchi, 2014).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - inclusion criteria age range 1 to 15 years. diagnosed with down syndrome should have a minimum of 12 primary or permanent teeth, or a mixture that had not been treated within the past 12 months. exclusion criteria participation in any other concurrent clinical trials. the presence of serious medical conditions or a transmissible disease such as malignant disease, hepatitis, aids etc. children whose parents had no home or mobile phone to enable post-operative contact. parent that will not sign the consent. exclusion criteria: * inclusion criteria age range 3 to 14 years. diagnosed with down syndrome should have a minimum of 12 primary or permanent teeth, or a mixture that had not been treated within the past 12 months. exclusion criteria participation in any other concurrent clinical trials. the presence of serious medical conditions or a transmissible disease such as malignant disease, hepatitis, aids etc. children whose parents had no home or mobile phone to enable post-operative contact. parent that will not sign the consent.
effects of exercise on abdominal obesity and risk factors for cardiovascular disease

Conditions: Obesity; Metabolic Syndrome; Cardiovascular Disease

Summary: the investigators will randomize abdominally obese men and women at increased health risk to one of the following 4 conditions: 1) no-exercise, wait list controls (c), 2) low volume, low intensity exercise (lvli), 3) high volume, low intensity exercise (hvli), 4) low volume, high intensity exercise (lvhi). the primary aim of the trial is to determine the effects of varying exercise dose (energy expenditure, kcal) or intensity (relative to vo2max (cardiorespiratory fitness)) on waist circumference and glucose tolerance. the investigators will test the following hypotheses: 1) that the reduction in waist circumference and improvement in glucose tolerance in response to all treatments will be greater than controls. 2) that reduction in waist circumference and improvement in glucose tolerance in hvli and lvhi will be greater than lvli. 3) that hypotheses 1 and 2 are true independent of gender.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men and women between 40 and 60 years of age. the lower age range for men and women is selected to help ensure recruitment of a sample with metabolic syndrome as prevalence of metabolic syndrome is significantly related to age. the selection of 60 years for the upper age range reflects concerns we have randomizing older adults to the high intensity exercise group wherein exercise at 75-80% of maximum may be difficult to achieve, and likely to be associated with increase orthopaedic injury and thus, poor compliance. we also considered lowering the lower age range from 40 to 35 years, but decided against doing so to increase the cost-effectiveness of recruitment (e.g., ensure a higher yield of those with metabolic syndrome). * abdominally obese (waist circumference greater than 88 and 102 cm for women and men respectively) and ncep-atpiii defined metabolic syndrome. abdominal obesity for non-caucasians will be determined using values suggested by the international diabetes federation. * sedentary lifestyle (planned physical activity for the purpose of health one day per week or less). * weight stable (± 2 kg) for 6 months prior to the beginning of the study. * bmi less than 40 kg/m2 (because a lifestyle-based intervention alone for obesity reduction is ideal for persons with a bmi less than 40 kg/m2). exclusion criteria: * physical impairment which would make the intervention very difficult, or unsafe according to the patient's physician including history of myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary bypass surgery or angioplasty in the last 6 months; peripheral artery disease, unstable angina or ischemia. * diabetes. * current smokers. * alcohol consumption \> 21 drinks per week. * plans to move from the area. * participating in another research study. * clinically judged to be unsuitable for participation or adherence as determined by the participants physician. * inability or unwillingness to provide informed consent. * for women, planned pregnancy in the next year.

Keywords: exercise physical activity diet metabolic risk visceral fat insulin resistance
trial of simulation-based mastery learning to communicate diagnostic uncertainty

Conditions: Uncertainty; Communication Research; Emergency Medicine

Summary: the goal of this study is to teach emergency medicine resident physicians to communicate more effectively with patients at the time of emergency department discharge in the setting of diagnostic uncertainty (i.e. no definitive cause identified for the patient's symptoms). all residents will complete baseline and follow up assessments by completing in-person simulated patient discharged. after the baseline assessment, they will complete an online educational curriculum that has been developed by the study team, and will participate in video-based simulation deliberate practice (dp) and feedback sessions using a simulation-based mastery learning (sbml) approach. they will be assessed with the uncertainty communication checklist (ucc), a tool already developed by the study team, that has a minimum passing standard (mps) that was established through engagement of both patients and physicians. the investigators will perform a 2-arm wait-list randomized control trial with resident physicians to test the efficacy of the sbml curriculum in training residents to have a discharge discussion with patients discharged from the emergency department with diagnostic uncertainty.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: -eligible participants include all emergency medicine residents at thomas jefferson university and northwestern university. exclusion criteria: -none