Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
improving brief alcohol interventions with a behavioral economic supplement

Conditions: Alcohol Abuse

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a substance-free activity session (sfas) as a supplement to a brief motivation intervention (bmi) in reducing alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences in college students.

bmis are associated with reductions in alcohol consumption and related problems, but effect sizes are generally small. one bmi trial indicated that behavioral economic variables such as low levels of proportionate substance-free reinforcement and inelastic demand for alcohol predicted poor intervention response, and that participants who successfully reduced their drinking increased their participation in academic and other substance-free activities. a subsequent niaaa r21 developed a substance-free activity session (sfas) supplement to traditional alcohol bmis that attempted to increase engagement in constructive alternatives to drinking by enhancing the salience of delayed rewards (academic and career success) and the patterns of behavior (academic engagement) leading to these outcomes. this study indicated that a two session (alcohol bmi + sfas) preventive intervention resulted in significantly greater reductions in alcohol problems relative to a two session (alcohol bmi + relaxation) active control condition. the bmi+ sfas was also associated with significantly greater reductions in heavy drinking for participants with lower levels of substance-free reinforcement at baseline. this was the first controlled study to demonstrate that a supplement to traditional bmis can improve outcomes. the current study will extend these promising pilot results by (a) increasing the efficacy of the behavioral economic sfas by including booster contact, (b) increasing power and generalizability by recruiting 425 students from two universities and including a no-treatment control group, (c) measuring drinking, as well as behavioral economic mechanisms as mediators and moderators of intervention outcomes (delay discounting, alcohol reinforcing efficacy, substance-free reinforcement) at 5 time points over a sixteen month period, and (d) evaluating the economic costs and benefits associated with the sfas. the goals of the sfas - increasing student engagement in academic, campus, and career-related activities- are consistent with the priorities of most colleges.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and female university of memphis and university of missouri * college freshman or sophomore * full time student status * report 2 or more heavy drinking episodes (5/4 drinks for men/women) in the past month exclusion criteria: * employed more than 20 hours per week
normoxemic versus hyperoxemic extracorporeal oxygenation in patients supported by veino-arterial ecmo for cardiogenic shock

Conditions: Cardiogenic Shock; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Summary: because of dual oxygenation and oxygenator performance (po2 postoxygenator up to 500 mmhg), hyperoxemia (pao2 \> 150 mmhg) is frequent in veino-arterial ecmo, especially in the lower part of the body, which is mainly oxygenated by ecmo. by enhancing oxygen free radicals' production, hyperoxemia might favor gut, kidney and liver dysfunction. we hypothesize that targeting an extracorporeal normoxemia (i.e. po2 postoxygenator between 100 and 150 mmhg) will decrease gut, kidney and liver dysfunctions, compared to a liberal extracorporeal oxygenation.

randomization: patients will be randomized in the 6 hours following ecmo start in the normoxemia or in the hyperoxemia group. randomization will be stratified on center, and medical or postcardiotomy indication for ecmo. description of experimental arm (normoxemia group): * after randomization, extracorporeal normoxemia is targeted by setting the ecmo membrane oxygen fraction (fmo2) at 60%. * the objective is to maintain oxygen partial pressure measured on the arterial cannula (po2 postoxygenator) between 100 and 150 mmhg. * po2 postoxygenator is monitored at least twice a day by the nurse. * if po2 postoxygenator is less than 100 mmhg or more than 150 mmhg, fmo2 is modified by 10% and po2 postoxygenator is monitored 10 minutes after. * ventilator's settings at let to the clinician's discretion. however, pao2 on right radial artery will be monitored to ensure that is more that 80 mmhg. * intervention will be applied for 7 days after randomization. description of the control arm (hyperoxemia group): * after randomization, extracorporeal hyperoxemia is targeted by setting the ecmo membrane oxygen fraction (fmo2) at 100%. * the objective is to maintain po2 postoxygenator higher than 300 mmhg. * po2 postoxygenator is monitored at least twice a day by the nurse. * if po2 postoxygenator is less than 300 mmhg, membrane change should be discussed. * ventilator's setting at let to the clinician's discretion. however, pao2 on right radial artery will be monitored to ensure that is more that 80 mmhg. * intervention will be applied for 7 days after randomization.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient supported by veino-arterial ecmo for cardiogenic shock for less than 6 hours * affiliation to social protection exclusion criteria: * age \< 18 years old * pregnancy * opposition of the patient or his relatives * cannulation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation * cardiopulmonary resuscitation duration \> 10 minutes before ecmo implantation * patient moribound on the day of randomization * chronic hemodialysis * chronic intestinal disease

Keywords: cardiogenic shock extracorporeal membrane oxygenation hyperoxia
breathing parameter measurements for lung deposition simulation

Conditions: Asthma; COPD

Summary: this study aims to simulate the deposition of aerosol drugs within the airways of asthma and copd patients based on realistic breathing patterns measured at different pulmonology centers. further goal of the study is to find correlations between the amount of drug depositing in the lungs and the measured breathing parameters, as well as disease status and demographic data. the results of the study will be part of a major objective targeting the optimization and personalization of aerosol drug therapy.

the inhalation of aerosol drugs is a key element of current asthma and copd treatment. the efficiency of the therapy is highly influenced by the dose depositing in the lungs. however, the amount of drug depositing in the lung is a result of complex drug particle-inhaler-patient interaction, thus it is inhaler-, drug- and patient-specific. assuming that the airflow dependent aerodynamic characteristics of the drugs are known, the lung dose depends on the patient's breathing parameters during the inhalation of drug through the inhaler. in this study the inhalation parameters of asthmatic and copd patients are measured and lung deposition assessed by a validated numerical lung deposition model. effects of different breathing parameters (inhalation time, inhaled volume, average flow rate, peak flow rate, time until peak flow rate is reached, breath-hold time) as well as patient demographic data, disease type and disease severity on the lung dose are studied. the correlations are analysed for asthma and copd groups separately.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed obstructive lung disease (asthma or copd) * proper usage of inhalation tool after being educated * availability of whole body plethysmography measurement data from the last 6 months or the possibility to perform them before the start of the study * subject under outpatient/inpatient therapy * capable of acting and cooperating exclusion criteria: * the patient doesn't align with any of the criteria mentioned above * the patient is incapable of filling out the questionnaire/questionnaires' parts that are accorded to him/her * the patient doesn't agree to have data collected of him/her * diagnosed heavy, not treated chronic illness * not properly carried out /not evaluable lung function (spirometry) examination

Keywords: aerosol drug delivery drug delivery optimization inhalation therapy breathing patterns lung deposition modelling
the effect of remote ischemic postconditioning on postoperative renal dysfunction in patients undergoing valvular heart surgery

Conditions: Valvular Heart Disease Patients

Summary: ischemic reperfusion injury of cardiopulmonary bypass and postoperative renal dysfunction is a common problem which influence poor outcome in subjects undergoing valvular heart surgery. the incidence of postoperative renal dysfunction was reported as high as 7\~8% in heart surgery using bypass, and is thought to be caused by ischemia/reperfusion injury. remote ischemic postconditioning was also reported to be protective for ischemic/reperfusion injury in previous animal studies and stoke patients. therefore, the investigators are trying to evaluate the clinical effect of remote ischemic postconditioning on postoperative renal dysfunction in subjects undergoing valvular heart surgery with bypass.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who are undergoing valvular heart surgery * adult * age 19-80 exclusion criteria: * peripheral vascular disease with circulation deterioration * renal replacement therapy * preconditioning medication * myocardiac infarction within 3 weeks * active infective endocarditis * high dosage steroid therapy * mental retardation * unlettered person
the myocardial protective effects of a moderate-potassium blood cardioplegia in pediatric cardiac surgery

Conditions: Congenital Heart Disease

Summary: the investigators previously investigated the cardioprotective effect of an adenosine-lidocaine cardioplegia with moderate-potassium (k+, 10.0 mmol/l) in pediatric cardiac surgery, which was associated with better myocardial protective effects when compared with conventional high-potassium cardioplegia. however, this cardioplegia could not be sucked back into the cardiopulmonary bypass (cpb) circuit because of excessive hemodilution and severe systemic hypotension induced by adenosine. therefore, the investigators supposed that a moderate-potassium (k+, 10.0 mmol/l) blood cardioplegia without adenosine could also arrest the heart and have better myocardial protective effects compared with conventional hyperkalamic cold blood cardioplegia during cardiac operations without excessive hemodilution and systemic hypotension.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pediatric patients (body weight\<10 kg) * congenital heart diseases and scheduled for a repair operation with cpb in the department of cardiovascular surgery, xijing hospital. exclusion criteria: * other systemic diseases

Keywords: congenital heart disease cardiac surgery cardiopulmonary bypass cardioplegia
psychoeducation for vietnamese families with a patient with schizophrenia

Conditions: Schizophrenia

Summary: families with a patient with schizophrenia and the patient are randomly assigned to receive either a 3 session psychoeducation program, or no psychoeducation. other treatment for schizophrenia and other mental illness are provided as usual.

families with a patient with schizophrenia and the patient are randomly assigned to receive either a 3 session psychoeducation program, or no psychoeducation. other treatment for schizophrenia and other mental illness are provided as usual. the psychoeducation program focuses on: (a) explaining schizophrenia as a medical, biological illness, (b) the prognosis for schizophrenia (e.g., that it is possible to lead a normal life), and (c) what the family and patient can do to maximize the outcome.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of schizophrenia, based on icd-10 * receive in-patient treatment at hospital * length of schizophrenia less than 3 years. * treated 3 or less times for schizophrenia. exclusion criteria: * mental retardation, or other diagnoses that could affect the ability to answer questionnaires, after the acute schizophrenia psychosis is controlled. * suicidal ideation

Keywords: schizophrenia psychoeducation vietnam
lupine allergy in children

Conditions: Food Allergy in Children

Summary: all children sensitized to lupine who have performed an oral food challenge (ofc) to lupine between january 2017 and may 2024 in the pediatric allergy unit of the university hospital of nancy were included. retrospective data regarding food and respiratory allergies were collected as well as information regarding lupine skin prick test (spt), specific ige (sige) and ofc. severity of allergic reaction was evaluated by cofar grade and reactogenic cumulative threshold dose. aims of this study were (i) to assess relevance of sensitization to lupine in children and (ii) to describe severity of reactions in case of allergy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * cutaneous or biological sensitization to lupine exclusion criteria: * oral food challenge done with something other than lupine flour
water and land-based exercise for children with post covid-19 condition

Conditions: COVID-19; Children, Only; Lung Function Decreased; Quality of Life

Summary: the latest data indicate that post covid-19 condition is frequent in children and adolescents, with the most common symptoms being fatigue, shortness of breath, exercise intolerance and weakness. evidence that covid-19 can have significant long-term effects on children's health highlights the need for measures to reduce the impact of the pandemic on children, ensuring that they receive appropriate treatments. those experiencing post covid-19 condition require more tailored exercise-related advice and improved support to be able to resume activities important to their individual well-being. to the best of our knowledge, no studies have yet addressed the issue of exercise programs for children with post covid-19 condition. the aim of this study, therefore, is to evaluate the effectiveness of different interventions on pulmonary function, exercise capacity, fatigue and quality of life in children with post covid-19 condition. this will be a randomized controlled study with pre and post intervention assessment. children will be recruited from primary schools and primary health care units in warsaw. participants meeting the inclusion criteria will be randomized to one of 3 groups: water-based exercise, land-based exercise or control (no exercise). the water-based and land-based exercise groups will be held twice a week, 45 min per session for 8 weeks. participants will be assessed at baseline and immediately post-intervention in terms of changes in pulmonary function, exercise capacity, fatigue and quality of life. research outcomes will build the evidence-based practice for health professionals.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * presenting symptoms of post-covid-19 condition confirmed by the diagnosis by general practitioner (including obligatory fatigue and shortness of breath/respiratory problems) * age 10-12 yrs old * adapted to aquatic setting * \<12 pts in the ruffier test exclusion criteria: * contraindications to exercise * chest pain * physical activity trainings more than 2 times per week one month prior the study
oct eccentric fixation and amblyopia in children

Conditions: Amblyopia

Summary: the objectives of this proposal are to characterize the relationship between oct eccentric fixation (oct-ef), fixation eye movement (fem), macular sensitivity in children with amblyopia.

aim 1. oct ef changes with patching treatment at 12 weeks visit. aim 2. oct ef changes with foveation therapy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. children with best-corrected visual acuity (bcva) of 20/40 (equivalent to 0.3 logmar) or worse in the amblyopic eye (ranging from 20/40 to 20/400), and interocular difference of bcva was at least two logmar lines, 2. ocular causes of amblyopia that were identified as refractive(i.e., anisometropic, strabismus, or strabismic-anisometropic. * anisometropia included interocular difference of spherical equivalent \>=1d or interocular difference of astigmatism cylinder magnitude \>=1d; * strabismus included those with deviation \>=10pd or good alignment after prior strabismus surgery; * combined type included those who meet the criteria of both anisometropia and strabismus. * for the patching group, we will enroll 15 children with strabismic amblyopia who are prescribed patching treatment. age: 4-12 years old. * for the foveation therapy group, we will enroll 15 children with strabismic amblyopia who are prescribed foveation therapies. age: 8-16 years old. exclusion criteria: * born before 32 weeks gestational age; * neurologic, developmental, or systemic illnesses known to be associated with ocular pathologies; * congenital or acquired macular pathology.

Keywords: eccentric fixation amblyopia patching foveation therapy oct
a study to learn about the tests looking for a gene mutation in adults with lung cancer in china (elegant)

Conditions: Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

Summary: the main aim of this study is to examine the percentage of people with lung cancer who carry a certain gene mutation (epidermal growth factor receptor exon 20 insertions - egfr ex20ins) and their frequency in chinese participants with non-small cell lung cancer (nsclc) after having been tested for the gene mutation. data from the participant's electronic medical records at the hospital will be collected.

this is a non-interventional, retrospective, observational study of the chinese participants with locally advanced or metastatic nsclc with egfr ex20ins mutation. the primary objective of this study is to explore the prevalence of egfr ex20ins, subtypes of egfr ex20ins and their frequency in chinese participants with locally advanced or metastatic nsclc. the study will enroll approximately 10800 patients. participants will be enrolled in the following two cohorts: * cohort 1: participants with positive egfr ex20ins detection * cohort 2: participants with positive and negative egfr ex20ins detection the data will be collected retrospectively using the participant electronic medical records and next-generation gene sequencing (ngs)/polymerase chain reaction (pcr) kit instructions. this multi-center trial will be conducted at 15 sites across china. the overall time to participate and data collection will be approximately 12 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: cohort 1 and 2: 1. participants with a diagnosis of locally advanced or metastatic nsclc, clinical staging of iiib-iv. cohort-1: 1. participants who have received ngs testing and have egfr ex20ins positive result. cohort-2: 1. participants who have received ngs testing exclusion criteria: 1. incomplete information, including key demographic characteristics, clinicopathological characteristics, and genetic testing information.

Keywords: drug therapy egfr exon20 insertion mutation
effects of subanesthetic concentrations of nitrous oxide - 1

Conditions: Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance-Related Disorders

Summary: the purpose of this study is to conduct experiments to examine subjective and reinforcing effects of nitrous oxide. mood altering and psychomotor effects will be tested on non-drug abusers and preference procedures will be used to assess reinforcing effects. to examine effects of subanesthetic concentrations of nitrous oxide on cold-pressor pain in humans.


Eligibility criteria:
please contact site for information.

Keywords: nitrous oxide subjective effects healthy volunteer
safety, tolerability and pharmacodynamic effects of sublingual immunotherapy (tablets) with recombinant bet v1

Conditions: Birch Pollen-Related Rhinoconjunctivitis; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal

Summary: to investigate the safety and tolerability of successive single rising doses of slit in subjects with allergic rhinitis and to investigate the safety and tolerability of multi high dose regimens of slit in subjects with allergic rhinitis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * written consent * symptoms of birch pollen induced allergic rhinitis for at least the last 2 years. * sensitisation to birch pollen as demonstrated with a positive spt to birch pollen and specific ige level (birch pollen and r bet v1) of at least class 2 at screening. * fev1 at least of 80% of predicted values at screening. exclusion criteria: * patient who previously received desensitization treatment to birch pollen and/or other betulaceae (e.g., hazel tree, alder...) or who plan to start desensitization treatment during this study.

Keywords: rbet v 1 birch pollen allergy sublingual immunotherapy
uvb model validation study

Conditions: Pain; Inflammation; Healthy Volunteers

Summary: single centre, subject and observer blinded, placebo controlled, cross-over study of the effect of oral ibuprofen and topical hydrocortisone-21-acetate on ultraviolet radiation (uvr) induced pain and inflammation in healthy volunteers conducted in two segments and using an intra-individual comparison of application areas.

single centre, subject and observer blinded, placebo controlled, cross-over study of the effect of oral ibuprofen and topical hydrocortisone-21-acetate on ultraviolet radiation (uvr) induced pain and inflammation in healthy volunteers conducted in two segments and using an intra-individual comparison of application areas. subjects that signed the informed consent and are eligible to the study will be irradiated on the back to evaluate their individual minimal erythema doses (meds). read out to determine med will be done within 24 h after uvr. a training session (without study medication) using the med definition areas will be performed in order to introduce subjects to the testing and rating procedures. subjects will come in within 14 days of screening to start the first segment of the study. eligible subjects will be randomised to receive either: 1. ib 600 mg, applied orally b.i.d., or 2. op, applied orally b.i.d. allocation of topical treatment to these areas will be randomly assigned to: 1. pg, 15 μl/cm2 applied topically b.i.d., or 2. hc, 15 μl/cm2 applied topically b.i.d. defined areas will be irradiated with defined dosages of uvr. assessment of hyperalgesia to heat and signs of inflammation (erythema, skin temperature) for all areas will be performed. subjects return within 4 to 11 days to the study site for the second segment of the study. treatment allocation will be crossed-over and new treatment areas will be selected on the back.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy volunteers exclusion criteria: -

Keywords: uvb pain inflammation model healthy volunteers ultraviolet radiation (uvr) induced pain and inflammation in healthy volunteers
prevention of radiotherapy induced enteropathy by probiotics (prep)

Conditions: Radiotherapy; Toxicity; Diarrhea; Probiotics

Summary: in recent studies, a radiation-induced enteropathy is being reported over 50%. in clinics, probiotics are actively prescribed as a treatment for radiation-induced enteropathy. if probiotics can be used during radiation therapy to prevent or reduce radiation-induced enteropathy, the investigators can 1) reduce the inconvenience which is caused from intestinal toxicity, 2) reduce the unnecessary interruption of radiation therapy, and 3) expect to improve the quality of life.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * histologically proven uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, vaginal cancer, vulvar cancer, ureter cancer, kidney cancer, urethral cancer, and prostate cancer * over 20 years of age * eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) score 0-2 * appropriate values of blood test within 6 months after enrollment absolute neutrophil count (anc) ≥ 1500 cells/mm3, platelets≥50000cells/mm3 * appropriate values of kidney function within 6 months after enrollment creatinin \< 2.0 ng/dl * appropriate values of liver function within 6 months after enrollment total bilirubin \< 1.5 times upper limit normal range, alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase \< 2.5 times upper limit normal range. * willing to provide informed written consent exclusion criteria: * history of pelvic irradiation * double primary cancer other than skin/thyroid cancer * combined serious morbidity * experience of other clinical trial within 1 month.