Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
china salt substitute study

Conditions: Hypertension; Cardiovascular Diseases

Summary: cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and blood pressure is a leading determinant of this risk. to date, strategies for blood pressure lowering have focused on drug treatment but dietary interventions such as reducing sodium intake and increasing potassium intake may also be effective. such interventions may be particularly suitable for low- and middle-income countries in which significant dietary changes may be more easily achieved. this study will test the effect of a salt substitute on blood pressure, among individuals at high-risk from cardiovascular disease in northern china.

this randomised trial will clearly identify whether a low-sodium, high-potassium salt-substitute is a feasible means of lowering blood pressure in high-risk individuals in rural china. the randomised design and the large size (n=600) will ensure that the results are reliable and precise. the 12-month duration will address the long-term practicability of the intervention strategy. the study is being conducted because salt-substitute-based blood pressure lowering may be particularly appropriate for rural populations in low- and middle-income countries. first, sodium intake is often very high. second, the salt-substitute can be easily incorporated into the diet because most food is prepared and eaten at home. third, the intervention can be provided at very low cost. comparisions: low sodium high potassium salt (65% sodium chloride, 25% potassium chloride, 10% magnesium sulphate) compared to normal salt (100% sodium chloride).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: participant inclusion will be based upon the presence of: * a doctor-confirmed high risk of future vascular disease defined as a history of any one of: * stroke or transient ischaemic attack * hospitalisation for management of any acute coronary syndrome * surgery or angioplasty for peripheral vascular disease * treated diabetes and age 55 years or older * systolic blood pressure \>160mmhg * estimated daily sodium intake of 260mmol/24hrs (about 15g/24hrs of nacl) or above and expectation that at least 50% of daily dietary salt intake can be replaced with the salt-substitute. this will be estimated through interview of the potential participant and the individual responsible for daily food preparation (if this is not the patient) using a structured questionnaire. * provision of informed consent exclusion criteria: potential participants will be excluded if: * they are on potassium-sparing medication * there is an established history of significant renal impairment that would preclude the use of the salt-substitute in the opinion of the responsible physician. * there is any reason why either the salt-substitute or normal salt are definitely indicated or definitely contra-indicated.

Keywords: sodium chloride blood pressure cardiovascular diseases clinical trial
a phase 2a, efficacy and safety study of duvelisib in mild asthmatic subjects

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: the purpose of this study is to examine the effects of multi-dose regimens of ipi-145 on lung function in mild asthmatic subjects following allergen challenge.

this is a phase 2a, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-dose, 2-way cross-over study designed to examine the effect of ipi-145 on lung function and inflammatory indices in mild, allergen-reactive asthmatic subjects undergoing allergen challenge.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female adults between 18 and 60 years of age * diagnosis of asthma (mild) for at least 6 months prior to screening * forced expiratory volume in one second (fev1) ≥70% of predicted value at screening * a positive skin prick test to test allergen exclusion criteria: * any prior treatment with a phosphoinositide-3-kinase (pi3k) inhibitor other than ipi-145 in a previous clinical study * acute asthma exacerbations within 6 weeks prior to screening * use of any medication for the treatment of asthma other than a short-acting β2 agonist (as needed) within the 4 weeks prior to screening * participation in another clinical study within minimum of 30 days prior to study screening * a positive screen result for active or latent tuberculosis * a history of cardiovascular disease * the concomitant use of acid-reducing agents and cholinesterase inhibiting medication * inadequate hepatic function defined by aspartate aminotransferase (ast) and/or alanine aminotransferase (alt) greater than 1.5 times greater limit of normal (uln) * inadequate renal function defined by serum creatinine greater than 2.0 milligrams/dl

Keywords: asthma allergen challenge
assessment of (chemo)rt-related dysphagia in hnc patients based on cough-related acoustic features

Conditions: Head and Neck Cancer; Dysphagia

Summary: to develop this objective and easily implementable assessment method of coughing based on acoustic features of voluntary and reflex coughs, there is a primary need in identifying and comparing acoustic cough features in healthy subjects and different disease-related coughs features. cough is a common reason for seeking medical care. chronic cough, defined as a cough that has lasted for longer that eight weeks, represents 10-38% of all referrals made to respiratory physicians \[1-2\]. furthermore, between 60 and 80% of patients with chronic obstructivepulmonary disease (copd) report cough. following this pilot study comparing different populations, the applicability of the selected acoustic cough features should be examined in hnc patients with radiotherapy-induced dysphagia, another frequent aspect of the clinical diagnostic examination of swallowing is perceptual analysis of voice quality immediately following deglutition. changes in voice quality are assumed to provide information on the possible accumulation of saliva or food at the vocal folds level. it is reported that a change of voice may indicate laryngeal dysfunction or the presence of a foreign body at the laryngeal level \[3\] confirm that a normophonic voice after swallowing reflects a lack of aspiration-penetration. however, research shows that there is no strong correlation between aspiration and changes in perceptual voice quality (e.g. wet voice). a more reliable and easily implementable method could be detection of specific acoustic features of changes in voice quality.

the ultimate goal of this study is to develop an innovative and non-invasive assessment method for dysphagia and aspiration in head and neck cancer (hnc) patients using acoustic features related to voluntary and/or reflex cough as biomarkers of dysphagia and/or aspiration in this population. additionally, the relationship between acoustic features and aerodynamic cough and acoustic voice parameters will be investigated, extending our insight in pathophysiology of dysphagia in this population. to the investigators knowledge, no acoustic features of coughing and throat clearing in the frame of dysphagia have ever been explored. regarding voice quality abnormalities, no acoustic parameters of reasonable evidence of dysphagia have been found.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hnc patients in complete clinical remission (10 male/10 female adults \& 10 male/10 female elderly) * patients diagnosed with dysphagia (with evaluation by videofluoroscopy) * patients treated with radiochemotherapy and selected three months after the end of treatment. exclusion criteria: -pulmonary diseases.
analgesic effects of intranasal diclofenac sodium, ibuprofen, and paracetamol in pediatric tonsillectomy cases

Conditions: Tonsil Disease; Pain Management; Intranasal Drug Administration

Summary: this study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intranasal diclofenac sodium, intranasal ibuprofen, and intranasal paracetamol for pain control following tonsillectomy in pediatric patients.

postoperative pain management in pediatric tonsillectomy remains a challenge, with concerns about the safety and efficacy of available analgesic options. intranasal administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs presents a promising alternative for effective pain relief with minimal side effects. this prospective, randomized study evaluated the efficacy and safety of intranasal diclofenac sodium, intranasal ibuprofen, and intranasal paracetamol compared to intravenous paracetamol in pediatric patients following tonsillectomy. sixty patients, aged 2 to 14 years, were divided into four groups to receive either intranasal paracetamol (group 1), intranasal diclofenac sodium (group 2), intranasal ibuprofen (group 3), or intravenous paracetamol (group 4). pain was assessed using the cheops, vas, and wong-baker modified vas scoring systems at various postoperative time points. statistical analysis was performed using the kruskal-wallis and dunn's tests.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: -pediatric patients who have undergone a tonsillectomy. exclusion criteria: * chronic sinusitis * common cold or rhinitis * turbinate hypertrophy * nasal polyposis * deviated nasal septum * impaired mucociliary clearance * atrophic rhinitis

Keywords: intranasal spray intranasal analgesia diclofenac sodium ibuprofen paracetamol tonsillectomy
a study to test the effects of riociguat in patients with pulmonary hypertension associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction

Conditions: Hypertension, Pulmonary; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left

Summary: the aim of this study is to assess whether single oral doses of riociguat safely improve the cardiovascular function in patients with pulmonary hypertension associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and female patients with symptomatic pulmonary hypertension due to left ventricular diastolic dysfunction exclusion criteria: * types of pulmonary hypertension other than group 2.2 of dana point classification

Keywords: pulmonary hypertension left ventricular dysfunction
clinical evaluation of the sentosa sa hsv1/2 qualitative pcr test

Conditions: Herpes Simplex

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of the sentosa sa hsv1/2 qualitative pcr test. precision of results and concordance of results with a reference assay will be evaluated.

this study will utilize residual samples from male and female patients with signs and symptoms of oral or genital hsv infections. genital samples will include internal and external genital lesions such as those collected from lesions of the anus, buttocks, vagina, labia, or penis. oral samples will include those collected from lip, gum, and mouth lesions. for concordance testing, the sample size is based on historical study design and estimates of the expected prevalence of hsv1 and/or hsv2 in the population enrolled.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * sample was taken from a lesion from an internal or external oral or genital site. * sample was submitted to a clinical laboratory for the purpose of testing for the presence of hsv1 or hsv2. * the following information about the patient from which the sample was taken is available: presumptive diagnosis or signs and symptoms causing assay requisition; site of lesion; age at time of sample collection or date of birth, and sex. * sample was collected in universal viral transport media, using a plastic shaft swab made of either polyester, cotton, rayon or dacron. * there is sufficient residual sample to perform both test and reference assays. exclusion criteria: * sample leaked during shipment or storage prior to assay. * sample has undergone more than 1 freeze-thaw cycle before testing; * sample eluent is not clear after centrifugation (refer to section 6.3.1). * sample id is missing or ambiguous. * sample is collected using alginate calcium swab. * sample handling and storage requirement in section 5.4 not followed
factors associated with short withdrawal time and polyp detection rate during colonoscopy

Conditions: Colon Polyps

Summary: colonoscopy withdrawal times are a critical element in determining quality of colonoscopy; however, few studies have evaluated specific factors that may influence the duration of withdrawal, and specifically short withdrawal times. other factors affecting polyp detection rate, one element of quality of colonoscopy, also need further study. by collecting data on hundreds of colonoscopies performed by 9 endoscopists, our goal was to identify factors associated with withdrawal time, inappropriately short withdrawal times, and polyp detection rate during colonoscopy.

background: colonoscopy withdrawal times are a critical element in determining quality of colonoscopy; however, few studies have evaluated specific factors that may influence the duration of withdrawal, and specifically short withdrawal times. other factors affecting polyp detection rate, one element of quality of colonoscopy, also need further study. objective: to identify factors associated with withdrawal time, inappropriately short withdrawal times, and polyp detection rate during colonoscopy. design: data were prospectively collected (05/08-06/09) on 802 colonoscopies conducted by 9 blinded endoscopists, including patient age and sex, indication, colonoscope insertion and withdrawal time, biopsies performed, number/size of polyps and method of resection, bowel preparation quality, time of day, day of week, endoscopist, position of the procedure within the endoscopist's slate, and call status of the endoscopist. setting: this study was conducted at a single tertiary care hospital, st. paul's hospital, in vancouver, british columbia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all adult patients undergoing colonoscopy at st. paul's hospital in vancouver, bc. exclusion criteria: * exclusion criteria were prior colon resection and repeat colonoscopy for the purpose of endoscopic therapy for known lesions.

Keywords: colonoscopy quality assurance withdrawal time polyp detection rate
comparison of transverse and longitudinal incisions for venous access port placement

Conditions: Central Venous Access Devices; Implantable Venous Access Port

Summary: the aim of the study is to assess whether the direction of skin incision affects pain within the first 24 hours, patient comfort 7 days after the procedure, procedure time, and the occurrence of early complications related to vascular port implantation.

the vascular port implantation procedure is used in patients who require long-term access to veins, e.g. during chemotherapy, long-term drug administration or blood collection. this procedure is performed under local anesthesia, by cannulating the internal jugular vein - left or right and making an incision to place the port on the chest wall (so-called "pocket") in the subclavicular area on the side of the cannulated vein. vessel cannulation is performed percutaneously using an ultrasound machine and fluoroscopy. the "pocket" for the vascular port is made through a small incision in the skin in the subclavicular area. the skin incision can be made transversely or longitudinally, depending on the preferences of the physician performing the procedure. in both cases, this does not affect the further course of the procedure. both methods of creating a vascular "pocket" are commonly used. the procedures are performed as part of one-day stays, and after the procedure, patients are discharged home. to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that will compare the direction of the skin incision. in our study, we wanted to compare pain in the first 24 hours, patient comfort after 7 days of the procedure, procedure time, occurrence of early complications related to vascular port implantation. patients undergoing the vascular port implantation procedure will be divided into two groups, one will have a transverse incision, and the other a longitudinal incision in order to place the port in the subcutaneous tissue. patients will receive a questionnaire to fill out (in the appendix to the application) and will have their pain monitored on the nrs scale at 1, 2, 6, 12, 24 hours after the procedure. additionally, on the 7th day after the procedure, i will be asked to assess any discomfort associated with the presence of the vascular port on a scale of 0-5. data will be collected by phone. additionally, we will measure the procedure time and occurrence of any complications related to port implantation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * inclusion criteria: age \> 18 and \< 80 years informed consent need for central venous access port implementation under local anesthesia exclusion criteria: impaired blood clotting ongoing antiplatelet drugs therapy, except acetylsalicylic acid trauma or surgical past history on both shoulder girdles known central venous thrombosis (subclavian vein, upper vena cava) known pneumothorax septic state agranulocytosis

Keywords: implantable venous access port (ivap), comfort, complications central venous access devices
monitoring metered dose inhalation (mdi) volume and timing with a respimetrix device in obstructive lung disease.

Conditions: Asthma; Copd

Summary: to determine whether use of the respimetrix flow test device a) can determine "good" versus "poor" inhaler techniques, and b) the effects of the inhaler training on technique.

good metered dose inhaler (mdi) technique is described as sitting or standing upright with the head slightly tilted back, exhaling fully, and then inhaling slowly and deeply as you activate the mdi. common mistakes include: not exhaling fully; not inhaling deeply enough; inhaling too quickly, and not activating the mdi at the proper time. this study will use the respimetrix device with placebo to assess a patient's inhaler technique, provide training to patients who demonstrate poor inhaler technique, and remotely track a subject's breathing ability over time.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients 18 years of age or older * current diagnosis of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) patients * patients must be willing and able to provide informed consent to participate in the the study. * patients must be able to use a metered dose inhaler exclusion criteria: * contraindication to inhaler use * tracheostomy * incapacitating disability that interferes with the use of the inhaler or execution of the protocol * unable to understand informed consent (e.g. non-english speakers)
a rehabilitation program to increase balance and mobility in ataxia of charlevoix-saguenay

Conditions: Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay

Summary: this exploratory study used a pre-post test design. the supervised rehabilitation program was performed three times a week for 8 weeks (two sessions at a rehabilitation gym and one pool session). outcome measures included ottawa sitting scale, 30-second chair stand test, berg balance scale, 10-meter walk test, 6-minute walk test, modified activities-specific balance confidence scale and sara scale. 10 participants will complete the training program. they will be evaluated at baseline, at week 4 (miway) and after the program.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * genetically confirmed arsacs diagnosis; walker (indoor walking abilities with or without walking aids); ability to walk 10 meters; ability to provide informed consent exclusion criteria: * having other medical diagnosis causing physical limitations
special survey on pd patients with renal dysfunction

Conditions: Parkinson Disease

Summary: the survey is conducted to collect safety and effectiveness information targeting patients who have both parkinson's disease and renal dysfunction treated with pramipexole in the daily clinical settings in japan.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients with parkinson's disease who have renal dysfunction with pretreatment creatinine clearance =\<70ml/min or whose renal dysfunction was determined by the physician exclusion criteria: none
acupuncture for enhanced recovery after surgery in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal cancer resection

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer

Summary: background: patients who undergo laparoscopic surgical resection of colorectal cancer may experience various post-operative symptoms (e.g., pain, nausea and vomiting, and anxiety) and limitation of daily activities (e.g., walking capacity). there is also a risk of post-operative complications and a prolonged hospital stay due to complications. patients who underwent surgical resection may have experienced chronic pain, anxiety/depression, or diminished quality of life. the physical, psychological, and functional aspects of patients' disorders imply the necessity of multidisciplinary care, including complementary or traditional medicines such as acupuncture. this study aims to assess whether acupuncture treatment, combined with an enhanced recovery program after surgery in an inpatient care setting is effective than only an enhanced recovery program after surgery. objective: to assess the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture combined with an enhanced recovery program after surgery to reduce postoperative symptoms and improve functional recovery and the patients' quality of life.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients undergoing elective laparoscopic surgery of colorectal cancer resection (right hemicolectomy, left hemicolectomy, anterior resection with primary anastomosis, and low anterior resection with loop ileostomy for fecal diversion) * patients aged 18 to 75 * american society of anesthesiologists grade 1 to 2 * eastern cooperative oncology group grade 0 to 2 * written informed consents exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * inflammatory bowel disease * comorbidities that may affect outcomes of surgery (e.g., chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, cardiopulmonary failure, and diabetes with complications) * resection of other organs for radical removal of colorectal cancer * patients requiring enterolysis due to previous history of abdominal surgery * obstructive colorectal cancer * metastatic colorectal cancer * cognitive impairment that may affect the patient's ability to complete the outcome assessments * previous history of stroke * previous history of sensitive reaction to acupuncture * patients unable to cooperate with acupuncture treatments * pacemaker implantation * previous history of epilepsy * patients who have received korean medicine treatments (acupuncture, moxibustion, cupping, or herbal medicine) within 2 weeks * patients who have participated in other trials within 3 months

Keywords: colon colorectal cancer neoplasm