Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
role of the supraspinal opioidergic circuit in prefrontal tms-induced analgesia

Conditions: Pain

Summary: studies have shown that transcranial magnetic stimulation (tms), a non-invasive form of brain stimulation, can reduce pain in the laboratory and in the clinic. the purpose of this study is to investigate how tms relieves pain and affects pain circuitry in the brain. one of the primary study hypotheses is that opioid blockade will significantly reduce the pain relief produced by left prefrontal cortex tms.

non-invasive forms of brain stimulation such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (tms) are currently being investigated as alternative or adjunctive therapies for pain. clinical interest in these techniques continues to grow because of rising opiate abuse and inadequate pain management strategies. despite this enthusiasm, studies on the efficacy of repetitive tms (rtms) for pain have produced mixed results. some of the most promising and informative research has focused on rtms for perioperative pain. in two different postoperative studies, a single session of left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlpfc) rtms after gastric bypass surgery reduced morphine self-administration by 40% when compared to sham stimulation. these data are particularly fascinating given the role of the dlpfc in top-down pain processing. centered at the juncture of brodmann areas (bas) 9 and 46, the dlpfc remains a popular therapeutic target for rtms given its accessible location and presumed role in high-order cognition and emotional valence. animal and human studies suggest that cingulofrontal regions like dlpfc may modulate pain perception via recruitment of opioidergic midbrain and brainstem structures like the periaqueductal gray (pag) and the rostroventromedial medulla (rvm), respectively. these data outline the functional circuitry that might be involved in the analgesic effects of dlpfc rtms. while many studies aim to evaluate the clinical efficacy of dlpfc rtms for pain management, few have examined how it affects pain processing. imaging the cerebral signature of pain before and after left dlpfc rtms might reveal information about pain circuitry and help to elucidate the mechanism by which prefrontal rtms may produce analgesia. previous studies suggest that opioid blockade abolishes left but not right dlpfc rtms-induced analgesia. in this study, our a priori hypothesis was that left dlpfc rtms would attenuate blood oxygenation-level dependent (bold) signal response to painful stimuli in pain processing regions. more specifically, we anticipated that midbrain and medulla bold signal changes induced by left dlpfc rtms would be abolished by pretreatment with the μ-opioid antagonist naloxone.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy volunteers * no history of depression or pain * no metal in body * no medications that lower seizure threshold exclusion criteria: * history of depression or pain * history of seizures or epilepsy * metal implants in body * medications that lower seizure threshold * psychiatric medications
efgartigimod in acute neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

Conditions: Neuromyelitis Optica; Efgartigimod

Summary: this study aims to retrospective investigate the safety and effectiveness of efgartigimod in the acute phase of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (nmosd) patients.

this is a multicentre, controlled, retrospective, real-world study which aims to compare the safety and effectiveness of intravenous methylprednisolone (ivmp) with efgartigimod injection add-on treatment with ivmp treatment in acute nmosd patients. twenty-four patients from 6 centres in china will be enrolled.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 1. age ≥ 18 years with anti-aqp4-igg seropositive nmosd as defined by 2015 nmosd diagnostic criteria by ipnd (international panel for nmo diagnosis). * 2. patients in the acute phase of nmosd (definition of acute phase: new neurological symptoms or aggravation of existing symptoms within 30 days before received treatment, lasting at least 24 hours without fever), who had poor response to ivmp and without having received second-line therapies such as plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulin consequencely (poor response is defined as a reduction in edss score of: i. \ 5.5). * 3. patients who were approved for efgartigimod treatment would be enrolled in the exposed group. * 4. expanded disability status scale (edss) score ≤ 8 and ≥ 2.5 before treatment. * 5. patients have given their written informed consent. exclusion criteria: * 1. lactating and pregnant females before treatment. * 2. participated in other interventional studies within 30 days before treatment. * 3. received plasma exchange, immunoadsorption, or intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig） therapy within 1 month before treatment. * 4. history of malignancies. * 5. combined with severe mental disorders and other conditions that unable to cooperate with follow-up. * 6. after being evaluated by experts, patients with active hepatitis, active tuberculosis, or other special conditions which were ineligible to participate in this study.
effect of guided imagery for radiotherapy-related distress in patients with head and neck cancer

Conditions: Head and Neck Cancer

Summary: the goal of this interdisciplinary pilot study is to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy of a guided imagery intervention to reduce radiotherapy-related symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients with head and neck cancers relative to treatment as usual.

the goal of this interdisciplinary pilot study is to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy of a guided imagery intervention to reduce radiotherapy-related symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients with head and neck cancers relative to treatment as usual. treatment as usual contains no psychological interventions to aid in distress, however participants will have access to the psychosocial supports at the cancer center available to all patients. patients will be randomized to either condition, and surveys of their well-being will be conducted throughout the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. provision to sign and date the consent form. 2. stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and be available for the duration of the study. 3. be aged 18 - 100. 4. ability to read and communicate in english. 5. a confirmed malignancy of the head and neck region (including metastases from other primary tumors and cancers of unknown primary. 6. initiation of rt at the university of colorado cancer center. 7. psychiatric and cognitive stability as assessed by chart review (i.e., no documented dementia diagnosis or unmanaged psychiatric symptoms) and study personnel (i.e., ability to attend to meeting with study personnel). 8. ability to meet remotely via internet connection or over the phone. exclusion criteria: 1. any individual who does not meet the inclusion criteria. 2. those who are determined, by mental health professionals, to be psychiatrically unstable.

Keywords: radiotherapy guided imagery therapy distress anxiety depression
the incidence of complete posterior vitreous degeneration after phacoemulsification

Conditions: Posterior Vitreous Detachment

Summary: intraocular surgery could induce vitreous degeneration and then abnormal posterior vitreous detachment (pvd) could occur including vitreoschisis and partial-thickness pvd. vitreomacular interface (vmi) abnormalities such as epimacular membrane were observed following many intraocular surgeries. the incidence of peripheral break and epimacular membrane (emm) after pneumatic retinopexy were 11.7% and 4-11%, respectively. although multiple intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-vegf) injections induced pvd of 5.6%, but peripheral break was reported as only 0.67%. the incidence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (rrd) after phacoemulsification is gradually increased with time. the accumulative risk of rrd was increased from 0.27% at 1 year to 1.27% at 20 years after phacoemulsification.

the most common intraocular surgery is cataract surgery. from the literature review, many methods were used to detect the pvd after phacoemulsification. the former studies used indirect ophthalmoscopy and ocular ultrasound for diagnosis of pvd. the later studies used the optical coherence tomography (oct) for pvd detection. the oct device had higher effectiveness in evaluation of the posterior segment, and then it can detect post-phacoemulsification pvd more and early than previous studies. ivastinovic et al demonstrated 59.2% of patients had pvd at 1 month after phacoemulsification, and increased up to 71.4% at 3 months. tsukahara et al introduced wide-field oct-based pvd classification. the advance oct device will be useful in detection of abnormal pvd and it's sequelae. if the risk factors of post-phacoemulsification pvd were explored, the prevention of abnormal pvd and vmi disorders could be done.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * cataract patients who was scheduled for phacoemulsification * age \>50 years * no complete pvd was detected by oct * can be taken the wide-field oct images * written informed consent exclusion criteria: * secondary cataract) * history of ocular trauma or head trauma * systemic diseases that can cause the intraocular problems such as connective tissue disease * history of other ocular diseases such as glaucoma, uveitis and vitreoretinal disorders * history of intraocular laser treatment * history of intraocular surgery such as intravitreal drug injection withdrawal criteria: * intraoperative complications such as posterior capsular rupture and zonule dialysis * postoperative complications such as vitreous hemorrhage and postoperative endophthalmitis * undergo the intraocular surgery during the follow-up period * receiving the intraocular laser treatment during the follow-up period such as laser capsulotomy and panretinal photocoagulation * having the ocular trauma or head trauma during the follow-up period

Keywords: posterior vitreous detachment phacoemulsification
the effect of motivational interviewing on anthropometric measurements, eating attitudes, and cardiometabolic index in overweight and obese patients

Conditions: Motivational Interviewing; Cardiometabolic Index; Obesity; Overweight (BMI &gt; 25); Anthropometric Measurements; Eating Behavior Disorders

Summary: the effect of motivational interviewing on anthropometric measurements, eating attitudes, and cardiometabolic index in overweight and obese patients

participants were randomly assigned into two groups-an intervention group (n = 40) and a control group (n = 40)-using block randomization through the website "random.org." data were collected using a personal information form, the eating behavior disorder scale, anthropometric measurements (body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, waist/hip ratio), and the cardiometabolic index. both groups received routine recommendations, which included a daily caloric restriction of 500 kcal and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for 30 minutes, five days a week.motivational interviewing was administered to the intervention group through individual sessions, held once every two weeks, for a total of four sessions, each lasting 15 minutes. the interviews were conducted in the education room of the saltuklu family health center. after the motivational interviewing intervention was completed, post-tests (eating behavior disorder scale, anthropometric measurements, and cardiometabolic index) were administered to both groups. all participants were followed for a period of three months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * body mass index (bmi) in the range of 25 to 34.9 kg/m² was considered as an inclusion criterion * being between 20 and 40 years of age (corresponding to the young adulthood period according to erikson) -- participants were required to be registered with the saltuklu family health center. * willingness to participate in the study and provision of informed consent were required exclusion criteria: * current use of medications known to induce weight gain or loss * presence of a diagnosed chronic illness * pregnancy or being in the lactation period."
study of biomarker-based treatment of acute myeloid leukemia

Conditions: Previously Untreated Relapsed Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Summary: this screening and multi-sub-study phase 1b/2 trial will establish a method for genomic screening followed by assigning and accruing simultaneously to a multi-study "master protocol (baml-16-001-m1)." the specific subtype of acute myeloid leukemia will determine which sub-study, within this protocol, a participant will be assigned to evaluate investigational therapies or combinations with the ultimate goal of advancing new targeted therapies for approval. the study also includes a marker negative sub-study which will include all screened patients not eligible for any of the biomarker-driven sub-studies.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults, age 60 years or older at the time of diagnosis unless in a specific known cytogenetic and genomic group for which treatment in group a or b is allowed by the sub-study where age 18 and older is allowed. patients \< 60 years old who are screened but do not fall within the cytogenetic and genomic open sub-studies would still be followed on the master protocol and not considered screen fails. * subjects must be able to understand and provide written informed consent * cohort inclusion criteria - group a: subjects must have previously untreated acute myeloid leukemia (aml) according to the who classification with no prior treatment other than hydroxyurea. subjects with blasts % in bone marrow of 10% to 19% or blasts in blood of 10% to 19% will be allowed to enroll to this group. for previously untreated subjects with ≥ 20% blasts in bone marrow or blood only: prior therapy for myelodysplastic syndrome (mds), myeloproliferative syndromes (mpd), or aplastic anemia is permitted but not with hypomethylating agents. * cohort inclusion criteria - group b: subjects must have relapsed or refractory aml according to the who classification. for study purposes, refractory aml is defined as failure to ever achieve cr or recurrence of aml within 6 months of achieving cr; relapsed aml is defined as all others with disease after prior remission. for select genomic aberrations specified in the studies, patients ≥ 18 years of age may be allowed to enroll in this portion of the study. exclusion criteria: * isolated myeloid sarcoma (meaning, patients must have blood or marrow involvement with aml or involved with 10% to 19% blasts to enter the study) * acute promyelocytic leukemia * symptomatic central nervous system (cns) involvement by aml * signs of leukostasis requiring urgent therapy * disseminated intravascular coagulopathy with active bleeding or signs of thrombosis * patients with psychological, familial, social, or geographic factors that otherwise preclude them from giving informed consent, following the protocol, or potentially hamper compliance with study treatment and follow-up * any other significant medical condition, including psychiatric illness or laboratory abnormality, that would preclude the patient participating in the trial or would confound the interpretation of the results of the trial

Keywords: sndx-5613 ze46-0134
autism & anesthetic exposure study

Conditions: Autism Spectrum Disorder

Summary: as anesthesia is often needed for childhood surgery and procedures, researchers have examined the potential effects of anesthesia on neurodevelopment. there are few studies that have examined the effect of anesthesia on neurodevelopment in children with confirmed diagnoses of asd, and the results of these studies are mixed. children with neurodevelopmental disorders can have age-dependent variations in brain anatomy, function, and connectivity, which may alter their sensitivity to the potential neurotoxic effects of anesthetic and sedative drugs. given the potential adverse neurodevelopmental effects of anesthesia on typically developing children, it is important to examine if anesthesia exposure can worsen the clinical course of asd.

we hypothesize that children with a confirmed diagnosis of asd will regress developmentally following general anesthesia for dental surgery in comparison to children without asd (controls) undergoing dental surgery. in this pilot study, we will investigate this hypothesis through the following objectives: 1. to determine in a clinical study if anesthesia induces post-operative persistent adverse changes children with asd as compared with typically developing controls; 2. to determine the potential mechanism for the adverse effects of anesthetics on patients with asd compared to healthy controls, peripheral blood mononuclear cells will be isolated from blood samples (pbmcs), before genomic dna isolation for mitochondrial content analysis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria for autism spectrum disorder group: * child is undergoing dental surgery * child is aged 4 to 12 years * child has mild-to-moderate diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder * child has an american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status level i or ii exclusion criteria for autism spectrum disorder group: - child does not use words or phrases to communicate inclusion criteria for typically developed controls group: * child is undergoing dental surgery * child is matched to an autism spectrum disorder participant according to age, gender, and asa level

Keywords: anesthesia
developement of stroke prognosis predictive precision medicine based on a digital twin

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: the purpose of this study is to realize customized precision medicine for stroke patients and the visual digitization of patient medical information required in the era of digital transformation. this study will collect large-scale, high-quality clinical data and daily life exercise pattern data covering the subacute to chronic stages of stroke patients. based on this, we will use artificial intelligence analysis technology to predict the functional status of stroke patients in the chronic stage after their disability is fixed. we aim to develop the next generation of personalized digital twins by creating a prognostic prediction model.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults over 20 years of age with a history of stroke onset between 2018.01.01 to 2023.07.31. * patients who exist rehabilitation medical evaluation after stroke onset * patients who voluntarily decide to participate in this study exclusion criteria: * those who have severe internal diseases such as unstable conditions of the cardiovascular system, digestive system, respiratory system, endocrine system, etc. and are in poor overall condition. * those who have impaired ability to consent (mmse score less than 10 points) and not accompanied by a care-giver. * in any other cases where the researcher determines that participation in this study is not appropriate.
hb0034 in patients with generalized pustular psoriasis (gpp)

Conditions: Generalized Pustular Psoriasis

Summary: this is a study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of hb0034 in adult patients with generalized pustular psoriasis (gpp ).

this is an open-label, multicenter, phase ib exploratory study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of hb0034 in adult patients presenting moderate-severe generalized pustular psoriasis (gpp ) flare.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female patients, aged 18 to 75 years at screening * a known and documented history of generalized pustular psoriasis diagnosed with eraspen criteria * presenting with a moderate-severe flare of generalized pustular psoriasis (gpp) * patients must be able to understand and sign a written informed consent document and complete study-related procedures and questionnaires. exclusion criteria: * immediate life-threatening flare of generalized pustular psoriasis or requiring intensive care treatment, according, to the judgment of the investigator. life-threatening complications mainly include but are not limited to, cardiovascular/cytokine-driven shock, pulmonary distress * history of clinically significant opportunistic infection (e.g., invasive candidiasis or pneumocystis pneumonia) * pregnant or breasting feeding subject. women with a positive pregnancy test. * ongoing use of prohibited psoriasis treatments * further exclusions criteria apply
study of intravenous administration of allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for covid-19-induced acute respiratory distress

Conditions: Covid19; ARDS

Summary: this is a phase 2, randomized controlled, multicenter study to assess the safety and efficacy of covi-msc in the setting of current standard of care (soc) treatments for covid-19 infection in hospitalized subjects with ard/ards.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * provides informed consent * has laboratory-confirmed sars-cov-2 infection as determined by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) or other commercial or public health assay in any specimen * 3. is hospitalized with covid-19-induced ard or ards (any severity) with a pao2/fio2 ≤300. the pao2/fio2 may be estimated from pulse oximetry or determined by arterial blood gas * requires oxygen supplementation at screening * is willing to follow contraception requirements exclusion criteria: * current standard of care treatments for covid-19 appear to be working and the subject is clinically improving * a previous msc infusion unrelated to this trial * have any of the following medical conditions: * cardio-pulmonary resuscitation within 14 days of randomization * uncontrolled or untreated symptomatic arrhythmias. exception: subjects with controlled, asymptomatic atrial fibrillation during screening may enroll * myocardial infarction within the last 6 weeks * congestive heart failure (nyha grade 3 or 4) * pulmonary hypertension (who class iii/iv) * currently receiving extracorporeal life support or membrane oxygenation (ecls/ecmo) * alanine aminotransferase (alt) ≥ 5x upper limit of normal (uln) * relevant renal impairment (egfr \< 50 ml/min) * any significant medical condition, laboratory abnormality or psychiatric illness that in the investigator's opinion would interfere or prevent the subject from safely participating in the study * pregnant or breast feeding or planning for either during the study * suspected uncontrolled active bacterial, fungal, viral, or other infection (aside from infection with covid-19) * history of a splenectomy, lung transplant or lung lobectomy; * concurrent participation in another clinical trial involving therapeutic interventions (observational study participation is acceptable). * expected survival or time to withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments expected to be \< 7 days. * do not intubate order; * home mechanical ventilation (noninvasive ventilation or via tracheotomy) except for continuous positive airway pressure or bi-level positive airway pressure (cpap/bipap) used solely for sleep-disordered breathing

Keywords: covid-19 ards