telavancin pharmacokinetics in cystic fibrosis patients

Conditions: Cystic Fibrosis

Summary: due to emerging resistance, new antibiotic options are needed to treat cf acute pulmonary exacerbations caused by methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). there is established evidence that adult patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) may have altered antibiotic pharmacokinetics compared with non-cf patients. telavancin is a lipoglycopeptide antibiotic that has activity against gram-positive bacteria including mrsa. this study will determine the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of telavancin in 18 adult cf patients admitted for a pulmonary exacerbation at 1 of 4 participating hospitals in the us.

each participant will receive 3 doses of intravenous telavancin administered every 24 hours. up to three different doses of telavancin will be studied (n=6 per group). blood samples will be collected throughout the study to determine the pharmacokinetics of telavancin. each group will proceed after measurement of safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of the lower dose group before it.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18 years or older * documented diagnosis of cf * acute pulmonary exacerbation as the primary reason for admission to the hospital with requirement to receive systemic antibiotic treatment, as defined by treating provider * if female, subjects must be non-pregnant and non-lactating. females can be either not of a child-bearing potential or if of a child-bearing potential, on acceptable modes of birth control such as abstinence from sexual intercourse, oral/parenteral contraceptives, or barrier method exclusion criteria: * history of any moderate or severe hypersensitivity or allergic reaction to telavancin or any component of telavancin, or any glycopeptide (e.g., vancomycin) antibiotic (a history of red man syndrome with vancomycin is not an exclusion criteria) * history of any solid organ transplantation within the last 12 months * moderate to severe renal dysfunction defined as a creatinine clearance (clcr) \< 50 ml/min (as calculated by the cockcroft-gault equation using actual body weight) or requirement for continuous renal replacement therapy or hemodialysis * oliguria (urine output \< 0.4 ml/kg/hr for at least 12 hours, up to a total of \<20 ml/hr) or significant alterations in fluid/electrolyte homeostasis in a 72 hour window before enrollment with a history of renal compromise * a hemoglobin less than 8 gm/dl at baseline * anticipated length of hospital stay less than 4 days, which would prevent completion of dose administration and pharmacokinetic sampling * receiving intravenous vancomycin at the time of enrollment or anticipation of requiring intravenous vancomycin during study participation (note. other antibiotics targeting gram-positive bacteria such as mrsa are permitted) * receiving an anticoagulant and requires specific coagulation testing (prothrombin time/international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, activated clotting time, or coagulation based factor x activity assay) within 24 hours of receiving a telavancin dose (note. although telavancin does not interfere with coagulation, it may interfere with some assays used to monitor coagulation) * requirement of concomitant administration of agents containing a cyclodextrin solubilizer such as intravenous voriconazole or itraconazole * any rapidly-progressing disease or immediately life-threatening illness (defined as imminent death within 48 hours in the opinion of the investigator) * any condition or circumstance that, in the opinion of the investigator, would compromise the safety of the patient or the quality of study data * planned or prior participation in any other interventional drug study within 30 days

Keywords: telavancin lipoglycopeptide mrsa pharmacokinetics