Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
sleep and daytime use of humidified nasal high-flow oxygen in copd outpatients

Conditions: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia

Summary: humidified nasal high-flow with oxygen (hnhf-o2) therapy has been reported to have acute beneficial effects in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure who have been hospitalized. the usefulness of this therapy in the outpatient setting is unproven. this pilot study will test the feasibility of using this therapy in the outpatient setting and its effects on sleep.

humidified nasal high-flow with oxygen (hnhf-o2) therapy has been reported to have acute beneficial effects in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure. hnhf-o2 may be beneficial in patients with copd and chronic impairments in gas exchange, both hypoxemia as well as hypercapnia. hnhf-o2 may decrease work of breathing, reduce dyspnea, improve airway humidification, and potentially stabilize or reduce carbon dioxide levels. however, there is limited data showing the chronic effects of hnhf-o2 in patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure, specifically those discharged to home following hospitalization for an acute exacerbation. data that demonstrates that hnhf-o2 is well tolerated, and stabilizes or improves gas exchange long term in patients with copd is lacking. similarly, data that demonstrates that this therapeutic regimen is feasible to provide to patients in the home environment are lacking. this is an open-labeled pilot study of thirty patients to determine the safety and feasibility of using the device in the outpatient management of patients with copd. a subset of ten patients will have serial sleep studies to determine the effects, if any, on sleep.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * admitted to the hospital for an acute exacerbation of copd within the past 12 weeks * have copd as the primary diagnosis * have smoked \> 10 pack years. * receiving supplemental oxygen as part of their usual clinical care. * willing to give informed consent exclusion criteria: * upper airway or nasal problems that prohibit the use of high flow oxygen * current use (≤ 4 weeks of study entry) of any pap-therapy (e.g., cpap or nppv) * sleep apnea as follows: stopbang scores ≥ 5 or stopbang score ≥ 2 plus bmi \> 35 kg/m2; or berlin questionnaire scores suggesting high likelihood of sleep apnea with increased risk of sleep-related accident (e.g., occupation as a commercial driver or pilot); * excessive daytime sleepiness (i.e., either of high (\>15) score on the epworth sleepiness scale or "fall asleep" accident or "near miss" accident in prior 12 months).

Keywords: therapy noninvasive ventilation
kosmos anatomical object labeling and view identification pivotal study

Conditions: Cardiac Disorder; Hepatic Disorder; Spleen Disorder; Kidney Disorder; Pulmonary Disorder; Renal Disorder; Hepatobiliary Disorders; GYN Disorders

Summary: this is a multi-site, multi-group study that obtained two sets of ultrasound scans from all enrolled participants. participants underwent limited ultrasound scanning by both cardiac sonographers and abdominal sonographers. algorithm's performance on the view identification task and the object labeling task is computed.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * persons able to: * read and sign an english consent form. * give consent for participation. * able and willing to comply with study requirements. * those aged 18 years through 89 years, healthy as well as individuals with pathology, including but not limited to: * persons with heart-related conditions such as myocardial or pericardial disease. * persons with lung-related conditions such as: asthma, copd, bronchitis, pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, bronchiectasis, lung cancer, pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism * persons with abdomen-related conditions such as: pancreatitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, irritable bowel syndrome, colitis, gastroenteritis, ulcers, abdominal aortic aneurysm, splenomegaly, liver disease, kidney disease. exclusion criteria: * children (minors) under 18 years old * adults over 89 years old * pregnant individuals * those who cannot or refuse to sign their consent * those who cannot provide informed consent * those who cannot speak or read english * vulnerable populations, i.e., individuals whose willingness to participate in the study could be unduly influenced by the expectation of medical benefits associated with participation * individuals with mobility issues that prevent them from having an echo examination * individuals with severe chest deformities, or other critical clinical situations, e.g., life critical urgent situations where there is no time for anything else than what is needed for patient care, that prevent them from having an echo examination.
prospective trial comparing two different polypropylene meshes for inguinal hernias

Conditions: Hernia, Inguinal

Summary: the purpose of this research study is to measure the clinical effectiveness of two different polypropylene meshes used for laparoscopic inguinal hernias by evaluating subjects' length of hospital stay, perioperative complications, recurrence rate, pain score, comfort level and postoperative quality of life. a secondary goal of the study is to evaluate the ease of use and time it takes surgical residents to place the mesh and perform the surgery using these two different meshes.

inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common operations performed by general surgeons in the world. there are two main ways to repair an inguinal hernia, open or laparoscopic. open compared to laparoscopic, is more invasive and leads to more scarring and longer recovery periods. laparoscopic repair is done by making a small cut in or just below the umbilicus and has become an accepted standard for inguinal hernia repair and has become the technique of choice for recurrent inguinal hernias. during laparoscopic repair, the placement of a prosthetic mesh aids in reinforcing the abdominal wall and allowing for tension free repair. meshes also helps to lower the recurrence rate. the most safe and effective type of mesh prosthesis currently being used in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repairs are polypropylene meshes. there is some emerging evidence that "lighter weight" forms of polypropylene meshes may improve quality of life outcomes following surgery for inguinal hernias. further evaluation is needed to support this evidence.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects undergoing laparoscopic repair for the treatment of either single or bilateral inguinal hernias * all surgical residents at new hanover regional medical center exclusion criteria: * subjects requiring emergency surgery * pregnant subjects * subjects under the age of 18 years of age
feasibility of a supportive education program for latina breast cancer survivors

Conditions: Cancer Survivor; Stage I Breast Cancer; Stage II Breast Cancer; Stage IIIA Breast Cancer; Stage IIIB Breast Cancer; Stage IIIC Breast Cancer

Summary: this clinical trial studies a supportive education program for latina breast cancer survivors. the bilingual breast cancer education intervention (bbcei) may help latina breast cancer survivors know what to expect after completing breast cancer treatment and prepare them to cope with cancer related survivorship issues

primary objectives: i. describe the feasibility of implementing the bbcei. ii. describe the cultural and linguistic appropriateness of the bbcei. iii. determine topics requiring further emphasis in the bbcei. iv. identify ways to enhance program content, format, and materials. outline: participants undergo 2 tailored bbcei sessions within 1 month. at the beginning of the first session the research nurse will present the participants with a list of common physical and social concerns. the participant will then be asked to identify 3 topics that she wants to discuss. the research nurse will discuss with the participant any relevant supportive care resources and make the appropriate referrals. at the second session the focus of the bbcei will be on psychological and spiritual well-being.

Eligibility criteria:
the population will consist of latinas with breast cancer who have completed primary cancer treatment. a total of 10 subjects will be accrued. inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of stage i, ii or iii. * self-identification as hispanic/latina. * able to read and understand english or spanish to participate in the education sessions. * ability to read and/or understand the study protocol requirements, and provide written informed consent * subjects maybe be on hormonal therapy after treatment for initial breast cancer. exclusion criteria: * actively receiving treatment with surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy. * patients who have recurrence, metastasis, or a second primary cancer

Keywords: breast cancer
umbilical cord care in term neonates: the role of wondaleaf adhesive pouch (wlap)

Conditions: Umbilical Cord Infection; Umbilical Sepsis; Neonatal Sepsis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of wondaleaf adhesive pouch (wlap) in the prevention of umbilical cord infection among full-term neonates. methods: this is a prospective double-blinded randomized controlled trial on 218 term neonates in which 109 each was randomly assigned to interventional and conventional group. the wondaleaf adhesive pouch (wlap) dressings were applied to umbilical stumps of the term neonates in interventional group by trained midwife on the first day immediate after delivery. mothers or caregivers were taught to observe the umbilical stump the subsequent days till the stump detached. the observations are supported by photographic images taken by caregiver and evaluated by the trial team and reporting inflammation with immediately removal of wlap or otherwise no sign of infection till the detachment of stump.

background: neonatal death was the serious global burden with three-quarter of it was attributable to neonatal sepsis. it was estimated that the annual incidence cases have reached 1.3 million and posed significant economic impact to many low-income and middle-income countries. the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of wondaleaf adhesive pouch (wlap) in the prevention of umbilical cord infection among full-term neonates. methods: this is a prospective double-blinded randomized controlled trial conducted in one hospital located in state of kedah, malaysia on 218 term neonates in which 109 each was randomly assigned to interventional and conventional group. the wondaleaf adhesive pouch (wlap) dressings were applied to umbilical stumps of the term neonates in interventional group by trained midwife on the first day immediate after delivery. mothers or caregivers will be taught to observe the umbilical stump the subsequent days till the stump detached. the observations are supported by photographic images taken by caregiver to be evaluated by the trial team and reporting inflammation with immediately removal of wlap or otherwise no sign of infection till the detachment of stump. results and conclusion will be reported after completion of the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * normal term neonates * born in the study site (hospital) exclusion criteria: * congenital abnormalities * apgar score less than 7 * neonatal conditions

Keywords: umbilical cord care omphalitis neonatal sepsis barrier dressing
prevalence and pattern of headache in pediatric epilepsy

Conditions: Headache Disorders; Epilepsy

Summary: this study aims to determine the prevalence and characteristics of headaches in children with epilepsy, aged 5-18 years. approximately 60 children will participate at assiut university children's hospital. the research will involve medical history collection, physical and neurological exams, eeg review, and blood tests. the study seeks to improve understanding of the relationship between epilepsy and headaches in children, potentially leading to better treatment strategies. participation is voluntary, and the risks are minimal.

the primary aim of this observational cross-sectional study is to estimate the prevalence and characterize headaches in pediatric epilepsy patients. secondary objectives include identifying potential risk factors and triggers associated with headaches in this population and assessing their impact on quality of life. participant criteria inclusion criteria: children aged 5-18 years with epilepsy mentally normal and able to describe symptoms willing to participate in the study exclusion criteria: children unable to express symptoms due to mental retardation, psychiatric illness, or verbal disability children or parents who refuse to participate methodology sample size: 60 patients, calculated using epi-info version 7 software, based on a previous study showing 45.7% headache prevalence in pediatric epilepsy patients. data collection: detailed medical history, including neurological, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, endocrine, and musculoskeletal aspects comprehensive headache history (onset, location, intensity, quality, duration, frequency, associated symptoms) epilepsy history (age of onset, duration, type, medication, seizure control) general physical examination neurological examination investigations: electroencephalogram (eeg) using nihon kohden model 1200 neuroimaging studies (mri, ct) if available complete blood count (cbc)

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - pediatric epilepsy patients (5:18 years of age) who are mentally normal and can describe their symptoms. 2/ acceptance to participate in this study. exclusion criteria: - / children who can't express their symptoms properly because of mental retardation, psychiatric illness or verbal disability. 2/ children or parents who refused to participate in this study.

Keywords: epilepsy headache pediatric epilepsy
assessing the potential for reduced toxicity using focal brachytherapy in early stage, low volume prostate cancer

Conditions: Prostate Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this study is to see what side effects a type of radiation treatment called focal brachytherapy has in treating early stage prostate cancer. the study is also looking at how useful focal brachytherapy will be in treating prostate cancer. additionally, the investigators would like to see how this type of treatment impacts quality of life.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men ≥ 21 years of age with a life expectancy estimated to be \> 10-years. * diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the prostate confirmed by mskcc or participating site pathology review. * eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) performance status of 0 or 1 * prostate cancer clinical stage t1c-t2a * psa \< 10ng/ml (this will be the psa level prompting the prostate biopsy) * mri evidence of one-sided disease performed within 3 months of registration * prostate size \<60 cc at time of treatment- if the prostate is larger, hormonal therapy is allowed to achieve the required size screening biopsy parameters: * minimum of 10 biopsy cores * gleason grade 7 in two cores or less, with no primary gleason grade 4 or 5 in any cores * unilateral cancer (only right-sided or left-sided, not bilateral) * no more than 50 % cancer in any one biopsy core * no more than 25 % of cores containing cancer * repeat transrectal or transperineal prostate biopsy that must meet the following parameters: * minimum of 12 biopsy cores * unilateral cancer (only right-sided or left-sided, not bilateral) * gleason grade 7 in two cores or less, with no primary gleason grade 4 or 5 in any cores * no more than 50 % cancer in any one biopsy core * no more than 25 % of cores containing cancer subject exclusion criteria: * medically unfit for anesthesia * evidence or suspicion of extracapsular extension on mri * ipss score \> 18 * unable to receive mri * prior radiotherapy for the current disease

Keywords: focal brachytherapy endorectal coil mri quality of life 11-056
isometric exercise for hypertension

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: background: isometric resistance exercises (ires) have great potential to improve blood pressure (bp) control. methods: this is a pilot randomized controlled trial that will involve 50 patients with hypertension (ht) who do not meet the current physical activity guidelines defined by the world health organization. participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio using stratified and blocked randomization to either the ire (wall squat) group or stretching exercise (active control) group. a well-structured, widely accepted, and validated 24-week wall squat program (2 minutes per exercise, 2 minutes of rest between sets, and 3 sessions per week) will be implemented, as it has been commonly used in previous research. all patients will be followed up for 24 weeks. control group will receive exact same treatment except that ire is replaced by frequency-matched and time-matched stretching exercise. the primary outcome measure will be rate of recruitment. secondary outcomes will include bp parameters from 24-hour ambulatory bp monitoring


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a suboptimal daytime sbp of \>135-160 mmhg on a 24-h abpm * reported no regular physical activity or less than that recommended for adults by the world health organization (e.g. \<150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week); * on stable doses of anti-ht medication(s) for ≥4 weeks if the patient is receiving drug treatments * agree for no drug changes during the intervention period (24 weeks); exclusion criteria: * cannot provide informed consent * unwillingness to repeat abpm * relative contraindications to abpm (i.e. diagnosed atrial fibrillation, nighttime workers, occupational drivers, or patients with bleeding tendencies) * severe osteoarthritis pending knee replacement surgery * known secondary ht * use of ≥3 anti-ht medications at maximum doses or ≥4 anti-ht medications * sbp or dbp are \>160 mmhg or \>100 mmhg, respectively, on abpm * pregnancy/breastfeeding * active malignancy
retropubic vs. transobturator tension-free vaginal tape

Conditions: Stress Urinary Incontinence

Summary: the so-called tension-free vaginal tape (tvt), first described in sweden in 1996, has become a standard operation worldwide for the treatment of women with stress urinary incontinence. this tape is placed from the vagina behind the pubic bone and exits through the skin of the lower abdomen, just above the pubic bone. in 2001 a urologist in france proposed passing a similar tape laterally (as opposed to behind the pubic bone). this tape is passed through a window of the pelvic bones (the so-called obturator foramen), by what is called a transobturator approach. it is passed through the skin of the thigh (as opposed to the lower abdomen). the reason for this modification was to avoid injuring the bladder and, possibly, provide a more physiologic restoration of the continence mechanism. however, it is unclear whether the lateral (so-called transobturator approach) is as good as or better than the initial approach behind the pubic bone. the purpose of the present study is to compare the standard (retropubic) and the newer (transobturator) approach for the placement of a tape for treating women with stress urinary incontinence.

after informed consent women scheduled for surgery for stress urinary incontinence are randomized to receive a tension-free vaginal tape either by the retropubic or the transobturator approach.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * planned surgery for primary stress incontinence (positive stress test at bladder filling of 300 ml) without concomitant prolapse surgery or hysterectomy * patient able and willing to participate in follow-up * informed consent exclusion criteria:´ * detrusor overactivity, predominant complaint overactive bladder (oab) * major concomitant surgery * prolapse beyond introitus or any prolapse necessitating surgery * previous incontinence surgery other than colporrhaphy * residual urine \>100 ml * neurologic disease * allergy to local anesthetic agents * coagulation disorders

Keywords: stress urinary incontinence surgery tension-free vaginal tape retropubic transobturator quality-of-life
analyzing clinical trial experiences of prostate cancer patients

Conditions: Prostate Cancer

Summary: participation in clinical trials usually favors a particular demographic group. but there is limited research available to explain what trial attributes affect the participation or completion of these specific demographic groups. this study will admit a wide range of data on the clinical trial experience of prostate cancer patients to determine which factors prevail in limiting a patient's ability to join or finish a trial. it will also try to analyze data from the perspective of different demographic groups to check for recurring trends which might shed insights for the sake of future prostate cancer patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient has been diagnosed with prostate cancer as identified by imaging * patient has self-identified as planning to enroll in an interventional clinical trial for prostate cancer * patient is at least 18 years of age exclusion criteria: * patient does not understand, sign, and return consent form * inability to perform regular electronic reporting * patient has a ecog score of 4

Keywords: prostate cancer prostate prostate clinical trials
acupuncture and massage for depression during pregnancy

Conditions: Depression

Summary: this study evaluates the efficacy of acupuncture and massage for the treatment of depression during pregnancy. the study also examines differential effects of study treatments on delivery outcome and post partum depression.

participants in this study are randomly assigned to one of the three experimental groups that include two types of acupuncture treatment and perinatal massage. the two acupuncture treatments are delivered in a double-blind fashion. treatments consist of an acute phase during which participants receive 12 treatment sessions over a period of 8 weeks. responders and partial responders enter a continuation phase during which they receive weekly treatments that end 10 weeks post delivery. at the end of the continuation phase, participants continue to be clinically assessed at 3 and 6 months after the end of treatment to detail the natural course of relapse to the index episode in the three treatment groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria:- meet criteria for a current major depressive episode with an hrsd(17) score of at least 14. * ambulatory women (age³18) with a viable pregnancy, * pregnancy between 22 and 30 weeks of gestation * fluent in english exclusion criteria:- meeting criteria for a primary axis i disorder in past 2 months, other than unipolar depression or social phobia * seasonal affective disorder or episode duration of 2 years or more (chronic depression) * abnormal results on a laboratory screen that will include a thyroid panel and a drug screen. * serious uncontrolled medical conditions or conditions that may be a medical basis of a depression. * cluster b personality disorders. * confounding treatments for depression, including any psychotherapy, herbs, or pharmacotherapy. * current use of any prescribed psychotropic medication or any medication that impacts mood. * treatment with ect or vagal nerve stimulation during the last year. * current active suicidal potential necessitating immediate treatment. * absence of prenatal care from an obgyn practitioner in the community. * any condition that necessitates bed rest.