pharmacokinetic and safety study of nab®-paclitaxel (abi-007) plus gemcitabine in subjects with advanced pancreatic cancer who have cholestatic hyperbilirubinemia

Conditions: Pancreatic Neoplasms; Cholestasis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the safety and pharmacokinetic profile of nab®-paclitaxel (abi-007) plus gemcitabine in subjects with advanced pancreatic cancer who have cholestatic hyperbilirubinemia secondary to bile duct obstruction.

there are 2 treatment cohorts in this study based on the predose total bilirubin levels on cycle 1 day 1 (cohort 1 \> 1.5 x upper limit of normal \[uln\] to 3 x uln bilirubin and cohort 2 \> 3 x uln to 5 x uln). enrollment of subjects into cohort 2 will only proceed after a review of the safety and pharmacokinetic (pk) data for all subjects in cohort 1 has been completed by the safety monitoring committee. the study is following a 3+3 dose escalation scheme within each dose level cohort group. a total of 3 subjects will initially be enrolled to the starting dose level in each cohort. the dose of the study regimen in each cohort will be escalated (or reduced) according to tolerability.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subject has definitive histologically or cytologically confirmed locally advanced unresectable or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (islet cell neoplasms are excluded) that is measurable by recist version 1.1 guidelines. 2. initial diagnosis of advanced stage disease must have occurred ≤ 6 weeks prior to starting cycle 1 day 1. note: the clock for this time interval starts with the date of last evaluation confirming advanced disease (either biopsy or imaging results). 3. subject has confirmed cholestatic hyperbilirubenemia due to bile duct obstruction. subjects who have liver dysfunction due to metastasis alone are excluded. 4. subject must have received no prior therapy for the treatment of metastatic disease. prior treatment with 5-fu or gemcitabine administered as a radiation sensitizer during and up to 4 weeks after radiation therapy is allowed. if a subject received gemcitabine in the adjuvant setting, tumor recurrence must have occurred at least 6 months after completing the last dose of gemcitabine. 5. for those patients who had a biliary stent inserted, 2 stable bilirubin readings within 48 to 72 hours of each other taken at least 5 days and not more than 14 days post-stenting must be obtained. in addition, there should be no complications (eg, infection) present and bilirubin levels should have stabilized (2 readings with total bilirubin within 20% of each other) before administering first treatment. 6. males and females ≥ 18 years of age at the time of signing the informed consent document (icd). 7. subject has adequate biological parameters as demonstrated by the following blood counts at screening (obtained ≤ 14 days prior to starting cycle 1 day 1): * absolute neutrophil count (anc) ≥ 1500 (1.5 × 109/l) cells/mm3; * platelet count ≥ 100,000 (100 × 109/l) cells/mm3; * hemoglobin (hgb) ≥ 9 g/dl. 8. subject has the following blood chemistry levels at screening (obtained ≤ 14 days prior to starting cycle 1 day 1): * ast (sgot), alt (sgpt) ≤ 5 × uln is allowed: * serum creatinine within normal limits or calculated clearance ≥ 50 ml/min/1.73 m2 for subjects with serum creatinine levels above or below the institutional normal value. if using creatinine clearance, actual body weight should be used for calculating creatinine clearance (eg, using the cockroft-gault formula). for subjects with a body mass index (bmi) \> 30 kg/m2, lean body weight should be used instead. 9. subject has acceptable coagulation studies (obtained ≤ 14 days prior to starting cycle 1 day 1) partial thromboplastin time (ptt) \< 1.2 x uln and inr ≤ 1.5 x uln. 10. subject has no clinically significant abnormalities in urinalysis results (obtained ≤ 14 days prior to starting cycle 1 day 1). 11. subject has a karnofsky performance status (kps) ≥ 70%. 12. significant or symptomatic amounts of ascites should be drained prior to cycle 1 day 1. pain symptoms should be stable and should not require modifications in analgesic management prior to cycle 1 day 1. 13. females of childbearing potential (fcbp) (defined as a sexually mature woman who (1) has not undergone hysterectomy \[the surgical removal of the uterus\] or bilateral oophorectomy \[the surgical removal of both ovaries\] or (2) has not been naturally postmenopausal for at least 24 consecutive months \[i.e., has had menses at any time during the preceding 24 consecutive months\]) must: 1. either commit to true abstinence\* from heterosexual contact (which must be reviewed on a monthly basis), or agree to use, and be able to comply with, effective contraception without interruption, 28 days prior to starting ip therapy (including dose interruptions), and while on study medication or for a longer period if required by local regulations following the last dose of ip; and 2. have a negative serum pregnancy test (β -hcg) result at screening and agree to ongoing pregnancy testing during the course of the study, and after the end of study therapy. this applies even if the subject practices true abstinence\* from heterosexual contact. 14. male subjects must practice true abstinence\* or agree to use a condom during sexual contact with a pregnant female or a female of childbearing potential while participating in the study, during dose interruptions and for 6 months following ip discontinuation, even if he has undergone a successful vasectomy. \* true abstinence is acceptable when this is in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the subject. note: periodic abstinence (e.g, calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, post-ovulation methods) and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception. 15. understand and voluntarily sign an informed consent document prior to any study related assessments/procedures being conducted. 16. able to adhere to the study visit schedule and other protocol requirements. exclusion criteria: 1. subject has known brain metastases. 2. any other active malignancy. any other previous malignancy is allowed providing that the tumor was curatively resected and there is no evidence of recurrence within 12 months prior to enrolment to the study. in addition, adequately treated in-situ carcinoma of the cervix, uteri, or non-melanonatous skin cancer are allowed provided that all treatment was completed 6 months prior to enrollment. 3. subject has active, uncontrolled bacterial, viral, or fungal infection(s) requiring systemic therapy. 4. subject has known historical or active infection with hiv (human immunodeficiency virus), hepatitis b, or hepatitis c or subject receiving immunosuppressive or myelosuppressive medications that would, in the opinion of the investigator, increase the risk of serious neutropenic complications. 5. subject has undergone major surgery for any reason, other than diagnostic surgery (ie, surgery done to obtain a biopsy for diagnosis without removal of an organ), within 4 weeks prior to cycle 1 day 1 of treatment in this study. 6. subject has a history of a myocardial infarction, severe/unstable angina pectoris, coronary/peripheral artery bypass graft, new york heart association (nyha) class iii-iv heart failure, uncontrolled hypertension, clinically significant cardiac dysrhythmia or electrocardiogram (ecg) abnormality, cerebrovascular accident, transient ischemic attack, seizure disorder or clinically significant cardiac dysrhythmia or electrocardiogram (ecg) abnormality, within 6 months prior to cycle 1 day 1. 7. subject has a history of allergy or hypersensitivity to nab-paclitaxel or gemcitabine or any of their excipients. 8. subject uses medication known to be strong inducers of cyp3a4 and cyp2c8 (section 9.2). 9. history of connective tissue disorders (eg, lupus, scleroderma, arteritis nodosa). 10. subjects with a history of interstitial lung disease, history of slowly progressive dyspnea and unproductive cough, sarcoidosis, silicosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypersensitivity pneumonitis or multiple allergies. 11. history of chronic leukemias (eg, chronic lymphocytic leukemia). 12. subject is enrolled in any other clinical protocol or investigational trial with an interventional agent or assessments that may interfere with study procedures. 13. subject is unwilling or unable to comply with study procedures. 14. any significant medical condition, laboratory abnormality, or psychiatric illness that would prevent the subject from participating in the study. 15. any condition including the presence of laboratory abnormalities, which places the subject at unacceptable risk if he/she were to participate in the study. 16. any condition that confounds the ability to interpret data from the study.

Keywords: nab®-paclitaxel abi-007 abraxane advanced pancreatic cancer cholestatic hyperbilirubinemia bile duct obstruction pancreatic cancer