Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
the effect of different ketone supplements on β-ohb and blood glucose in healthy individuals

Conditions: Ketosis; Blood Glucose

Summary: ketone bodies are a fuel source and signaling molecule that are produced by your body during prolonged fasting or if you consistently eat at low-carbohydrate diet. blood ketones can be used as a source of energy during fasting and are used by your brain as an alternative source of fuel to glucose. previous studies have found that ketones, when consumed in form of a supplement drink, can increase blood ketone levels and lower blood glucose, the amount of sugar in your blood. this is of potential interest for individuals with high blood sugar, such as people living with type 2 diabetes. however, there are different types of ketone supplements that differ in how they are metabolized in the body. little is known about how these supplements affect blood ketone and blood glucose levels. the main objective of this study is to determine the effect of three different ketone supplements on blood ketones and blood glucose. the results of this pilot study will be used to guide future research for larger and more extensive studies on ketone supplements.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * over the age of 18; * able to fast overnight exclusion criteria: * being a competitive endurance athlete; * following a ketogenic diet, low-calorie diet, periodic fasting regimen, or regularly consuming ketogenic supplements; * being unable to travel to and from the university; * being unable to follow the diet instructions; * being pregnant or planning to become pregnant during the study; * having been diagnosed with a chronic disorder of glucose or fat metabolism, including type 2 diabetes, chronic pancreatitis, or gallbladder disease; * being unable to read or communicate in english
retinal function in relation to transient or chronic challenges to retinal metabolism

Conditions: Healthy Individuals; Patients With Diabetes.

Summary: the aim of the study is to investigate how the retina adapts to different metabolic challenges, e.g. chronic systemic hypoxia, hyperglycemia, special training conditions or diets as well as transient changes in the content of oxygen and glucose in the blood.


Eligibility criteria:
healthy individuals inclusion criteria: * healthy volunteers. * no known systemic or ocular disease. exclusion criteria: * any systemic or ocular disease. patients with diabetes inclusion criteria: * diabetes mellitus * no intraocular disease other than conditions attributable to diabetes. exclusion criteria: * intraocular disease other than conditions attributable to diabetes. * systemic conditions which might contraindicate hyperoxic stimulation.
white noise to improve sleep in the medical intensive care unit (micu): a pilot and feasibility study

Conditions: Sleep Deprivation

Summary: a feasibility study to evaluate the use of white noise to improve sleeping conditions in an icu setting.

the icu is full of alarms and critically ill patients, so it is no surprise that sleep is very much fragmented and poor in this setting, as documented in numerous studies. white noise is a simple intervention that has been shown to improve sleep, including in the icu setting. the aim is to conduct a pilot trial evaluating the feasibility of providing white noise to patients in the icu at night to help improve sleep. the plan to measure feasibility metrics including patient acceptance, patient tolerance, and intervention fidelity; also to seek feedback from patients, nurses, and providers. secondly is to evaluate the benefits of providing white noise at night in the icu on sleep as measured by actigraphy and richards-campbell sleep questionnaires and total room sound.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults \>18yo admitted to micu with expected stay of at least two nights after enrollment exclusion criteria: * excluding intubated patients (so communication can be better) and patients on high-flow nasal cannula (which is already high background noise). * patients who are on therapeutic hypothermia or are on comfort measures only will also be excluded
effect of vitamin d replacement on insulin sensitivity

Conditions: Insulin Sensitivity

Summary: healthy subjects with low vitamin d levels will be randomly assigned to either vitamin d replacement or placebo for a period of 8 weeks. insulin sensitivity will be measured before and after the intervention, and the changes will be compared between the two groups. this will help us understand if vitamin d replacement improves insulin sensitivity. serum retinol binding protein 4 levels will also be measured to see if changes in insulin sensitivity are mediated by rbp4.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 1. age 18-60 years 2. no known medical illnesses requiring pharmacotherapy 3. not on any mineral or vitamin supplements in the last 3 months exclusion criteria: * 1. subjects requiring prompt initiation of pharmacotherapy, such as those with incidentally discovered diabetes mellitus or hypertension. 2. previous administration of glucocorticoids, retinoic acid derivatives, or insulin sensitizers in the preceding 3 months. 3. bariatric surgery or liposuction 4. unintentional weight loss \>5% of the body weight in last 3 months 5. chronic smokers (\> 1 pk/d for 10 years) 6. alcohol use \> 2 drinks/day

Keywords: vitamin d deficiency, insulin sensitivity
impact of diet on functional gastrointestinal symptoms

Conditions: Gastrointestinal Disorder, Functional

Summary: this cross-sectional survey study is to determine the prevalence of functional gastrointestinal (gi) disorders in the general population and to describe common triggers for food-related gi symptoms.

functional gastrointestinal disorders, involving symptoms such as gas/bloating, diarrhea, constipation and abdominal pain, are estimated to impact between 35 and 45 million americans, an overwhelming 15-20% of the population. these symptoms are responsible for upwards of 20 billion dollars in healthcare costs and extensive loss of quality of life for sufferers. moreover, many patients suffer in silence, with 67% of subjects waiting more than a year before treatment, and 11% waiting over 10 years. irritable bowel syndrome is the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder, and several recent studies support the idea that dietary modifications may be key to alleviating this condition. the purpose of this study is to document gastrointestinal symptoms among the us population, as well as to ascertain awareness and utilization of dietary treatments that exist.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - exclusion criteria: * visual impairment * inability to read * inability to understand english * inability to use a computer to respond to questions.
hlt meridian valve ce mark trial

Conditions: Aortic Valve Stenosis

Summary: to evaluate the safety and performance of the hlt system in patients with symptomatic heart disease due to severe aortic stenosis who are judged by the heart team to be at intermediate or high risk for aortic valve replacement surgery.

prospective, non-randomized, single arm, multi-center ce mark trial.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * echocardiographic or hemodynamic based evidence of severe aortic stenosis with one of the following: 1. aortic valve area ≤ 1.0 cm\^2 or 0.6 cm\^2/m\^2 2. mean aortic valve gradient ≥ 40 mmhg 3. peak aortic valve velocity ≥ 4 m/sec * symptoms due to severe aortic stenosis resulting in one of the following: 1. nyha functional classification of ii or greater 2. presence of angina 3. presence of syncope * documented aortic valve annular size of ≥ 24 and ≤ 26 mm (associated perimeter range is 76-81mm or associated area range of 453-530 mm2) by the msct core lab assessment of pre-procedure imaging. * patient is considered intermediate or high risk to undergo surgical aortic valve replacement with one of the following: 1. intermediate surgical risk: sts-prom score of ≥ 3% to 8% 2. high surgical risk: sts-prom score of ≥ 8% 3. documented heart team agreement of risk for surgical aortic valve replacement (savr) due to other factors not captured by risk-scores (i.e. frailty or comorbidities) * geographically available, willing to comply with follow up and able to provide written informed consent exclusion criteria: * patients with a coronary height of \<10mm, or otherwise determined to be at high risk for coronary obstruction * patients with low flow/low gradient aortic stenosis * patients with significant annular or lvot calcification that could compromise procedural success * pre-existing prosthetic heart valve in any position, or prosthetic ring * severe aortic, mitral or tricuspid valve regurgitation * untreated clinically significant coronary artery disease requiring revascularization * unfavorable peripheral vascular anatomy or disease (e.g. severe obstructive calcification or severe tortuosity) that would preclude passage of 18 fr catheters from the femoral arterial access to the aorta as evidenced by peripheral msct * need for emergent surgery or intervention other than the investigational procedure

Keywords: aortic stenosis transcatheter aortic valve replacement tavr tavi aortic valve
scor in neurobiology of sleep--intermediate traits for sleep apnea

Conditions: Lung Diseases; Sleep Apnea Syndromes

Summary: to determine intermediate traits for sleep apnea in a case-control study.

background: sleep apnea is a common condition that affects 4 percent of middle-aged males and 2 percent of middle-aged females. there is recent evidence that there is a genetic influence because first degree relatives of patients with this disorder have an increased risk of having obstructive sleep apnea. the basis for this increased familial risk is undefined. the investigators postulated that there were three specific intermediate traits, each of which reduced upper airway size, thereby increasing the risk of sleep apnea. these intermediate traits included: a) particular distribution of fat in the neck; b) craniofacial structure; and c) size of critical soft tissues in the airway (soft palate, tongue, lateral pharyngeal walls). all of these risk factors could be assessed quantitatively using advanced magnetic resonance imaging and novel volumetric image analysis techniques that had been developed.. the study was one project within a specialized center of research in neurobiology of sleep and sleep apnea. design narrative: the case-control study identified the structural risk factors for sleep apnea. the study was complemented by studies in siblings of the patients and controls in order to identify those traits that demonstrated family aggregation not explained by shared environmental factors. the investigators believed that these structural risk factors would interact to increase the risk of sleep apnea. the elucidation of upper airway structural risk factors should provide the basis for developing new, more effective techniques for screening patients for sleep apnea and provide the basis for performing future dna analyses aimed at identifying the genetic loci for these risk factors. the specific aims were: 1) to quantify upper airway craniofacial structure, soft tissues and regional fat deposition using three dimensional magnetic resonance imaging in order to determine the intermediate traits associated with obstructive sleep apnea utilizing a case control design in normals and apneics; and 2) to determine the upper airway structural risk factors for sleep apnea that demonstrated family aggregation and were most likely to have a genetic component by comparing probands, siblings of probands, neighborhood controls and siblings of neighborhood controls. the resources included an extensive clinical sleep practice, sophisticated nm imaging techniques, novel volumetric computer graphics image analysis and expertise in molecular epidemiology, craniofacial structure, and the genetics of obesity.

Eligibility criteria:
no eligibility criteria
the regulation of osteoprotegerin by mechanical stimulation

Conditions: Malocclusion

Summary: to test whether levels of opg can be changed during orthodontic treatment. alveolar bone samples will be collected from partially impacted third molars after orthodontic uprighting for different period of time in volunteers. in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry analysis for opg and rankl will reveal their roles in this physiological process.

long treatment time is a major factor causing high fee for orthodontic treatment. patients would have dental caries or periodontitis resulted from improper oral hygiene care during this long treatment period. therefore, how to speed up the tooth movement which determines the duration of orthodontic treatment, can help more people to obtain good occlusion and esthetics. orthodontic force on tooth induces bone resorption on the compression side and bone deposition on the tension side, thus bone remodels and then tooth moves. bone resorption is a complex process. osteoblasts play an important role during initiation of bone resorption. changes opg expression of osteoblasts under mechanical stimulation can play a role in bone remodeling. in order to test this hypothesis, the following specific aims will be achieved: 1. to test whether levels of opg can be changed during orthodontic treatment. alveolar bone samples will be collected from partially impacted third molars after orthodontic uprighting for different period of time in volunteers. in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry analysis for opg and rankl will reveal their roles in this physiological process. 2. to optimize the regulation by changing magnitude and frequency of pressure, and characterize the time table for these changes..

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with two mandibular impaction third molars containing at least one mesially angular impaction with crown exposed to the oral cavity exclusion criteria: * pregnancy or diseases with abnormal bone metabolism

Keywords: orthodontic tooth movement opg rankl
a randomized controlled trial on smoking cessation and adherence intervention on patients with erectile dysfunction

Conditions: Smoking Cessation

Summary: the purpose of this proposed rct is to test (a) the effectiveness of smoking cessation intervention (counseling and nrt) among patients with ed; and (b) the effectiveness of adherence intervention (adin) to increase adherence to nrt use in order to increase quit rate.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male ethnic chinese aged 18 or above * smokes at least 1 cigarette per day * is not following other forms of smoking cessation interventions * intends to quit smoking within the next 7 days of the first contact and would use nrt * free from illness that contraindicate to the use of nrt * has signed an informed consent form, or has given verbal consent (for those contacted by telephone) exclusion criteria: * patients who are psychologically or physically unable to communicate * children and teenagers (aged below 18) * those on regular psychotropic medications and in the presence of any serious health problems that may make them unsuitable for using nrt, such as recent stroke, palpitation, or other life threatening conditions

Keywords: smoking cessation
splenectomy during whole liver transplantation

Conditions: End Stage Liver Disease

Summary: indications for splenectomy during whole liver transplantation remain controversial and splenectomy is often avoided because of common complications. the objective is to evaluate specific complications of these combined procedures.

data on patients who underwent splenectomy during liver transplantation were retrospectively analyzed . participants underwent splenectomy as part of routine medical care. patients undergoing simultaneous liver transplantation and splenectomy were matched to a non-splenectomy group.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients undergoing liver transplantation between 1994 and 2013 exclusion criteria: * data from living donor patients, split liver transplantation, patients with pre- or post-operative splenectomy in medical history, and patients under 16 years were excluded from analysis
personalized physical back training program to improve physical functioning in people with non-specific low back pain: a feasibility study

Conditions: Exercise Therapy; Exercise; Low Back Pain

Summary: the aim of our clinical trial (2024-01285) is to determine how an individualized physical back training program affects physical functioning and back pain. the results will help identify the most effective treatments for low back pain. this feasibility study (2024-01284) aims to conduct a test run of the clinical trial. the main questions are: * do all procedures run smoothly? * does the back training program improve physical functioning? * does the back training program reduce back pain? participants will: * follow a back training program for 4 weeks. * attend group exercise sessions (30 minutes per week) * perform exercises at home (3x10 minutes per week). * fill out a daily questionnaire on pain and exercise adherence.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: individuals who * have access to the university sports of the lucerne universities (i.e., students, employees, alumni, subscribers), * report nslbp for at least 6 weeks (e.g., no upper limit of pain duration), * report activity limiting nslbp (i.e., at least one activity with a psfs score of ≤ 5/10 on a scale from 0 = unable to perform due to nslbp to 10 = able to perform at the same level as before nslbp), * identify nslbp as their primary musculoskeletal complaint, * are between 18 and 65 years of age, * understand the german language, * are willing to participate in the study (i.e., adhere to a 4-week intervention), * and provide written informed consent. exclusion criteria: individuals who ... * have been diagnosed with specific lbp (e.g., fractures, carcinoma, anomalies, nerve root affection with neurological signs such as sensitivity or reflex loss, muscle weakness, or radicular pain below the knee), * report red flags associated with any serious pathology or specific lbp (e.g., major trauma of the back, unintended weight loss, saddle anaesthesia, changes in bowel or bladder function associated with lbp, progressive lower extremity neurologic deficits, fever), * are less than 12 months post-surgery following any surgery on the lower back, * are on a waiting list for any surgery on the lower back, * are pregnant or have given birth within the last 12 months, * are planning to become pregnant in the next 12 months, * have diagnosed peripheral and/or central neurological disease, * have diagnosed psychological and/or psychiatric condition, * have diagnosed chronic toxic substances abuse (i.e., drugs, alcohol), * take specific medication (i.e., neuroleptics, sedatives, anti-epileptics, antidepressants), * are not allowed to exercise during the intervention period (e.g., on medical advice, due to a health-related condition), * or are expecting to be absent more than 2 weeks during the training intervention period.

Keywords: exercise low back pain physical functioning
chromosome 5q gene variants and asthma-related traits

Conditions: Asthma; Lung Diseases

Summary: to identify gene variants in human chromosome 5q31-33 that may be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma.

background: markers and genes in chromosomal region 5q31-33 have been shown to be linked or associated to asthma or components of the asthma phenotype, suggesting that this chromosomal region is important in the genetic susceptibility to asthma, yet it has been difficult to show that a specific gene in this region plays a major role in asthma development or progression. some of this difficulty arises from the fact that many genes are likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma, with no single gene having an effect that will emerge as a major contributor, as well as the fact that the strong influence of environmental factors will complicate the analyses. having recognized these issues, the investigators will use components of the asthma-associated phenotype, including eosinophilia and a compound "atopy" phenotype, to identify relevant asthma-related genes in this region. the identification of the genes and their genetic variants that may be associated with asthma and its related phenotypes may provide important new information on the pathogenesis of asthma. the study is in response to a request for applications on "positional candidate approaches in asthma gene discovery" released in october 1999. design narrative: dr. martinez and his group have found linkage between markers in chromosome 5q31 and both eosinophilia and a composite 'atopy' phenotype. the goal of the study is to identify the gene variants in 5q31-33 that are responsible for these two linkage signals. this will be done using the same population of families enrolled in the tucson children's respiratory study that have now been followed since the time of birth of the index child approximately 18 years ago. in the first specific aim, gene variants having a frequency of 2% or more in a group of 25 known genes in chromosome 5q will be identified. the 25 genes have been selected among those that have been mapped to the 28 cm interval that was tested for linkage in previous studies. the second specific aim is to perform linkage disequilibrium mapping using 100 known polymorphisms in the region of approximately 6.4 cm that shows the highest likelihood of containing the gene variants responsible for either or both of the eosinophilia and atopy linkage signals. detailed local mapping using both published and newly discovered polymorphisms in and around the areas of positive signals will also be performed. based on the previous experience of these investigators for the same chromosomal region, several association/linkage signals in chromosome 5q are expected to be found. the study completion date listed in this record was obtained from the "end date" entered in the protocol registration and results system (prs) record.

Eligibility criteria:
no eligibility criteria