Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
neighborhood environments and cardiovascular disease

Conditions: Cardiovascular Diseases; Heart Diseases

Summary: to investigate the contributions of neighborhood environments to the distribution of cardiovascular disease (cvd) risk across different age ranges and racial/ethnic groups, using data from three ongoing cohort studies of cardiovascular disease: the coronary artery disease risk development in young adults (cardia) study, the atherosclerosis risk in communities (aric) study, and the cardiovascular health study (chs).

background: there is abundant evidence of persistent differences in cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality by socioeconomic status (ses). the determinants of ses-related differences in cvd outcomes and risk factors have not been fully established. previous work in this area has focused predominantly on individual-level ses indicators, but recently attention has shifted to the role of neighborhood or community-level variables in shaping health outcomes, independently of individual-level ses. several epidemiologic studies have suggested that neighborhood characteristics may influence the distribution of disease risk, but the role of both neighborhood-level and individual level ses variables in shaping individual-level outcomes and risk factors has been rarely addressed in epidemiologic studies of cvd. design narrative: associations of neighborhood socioenvironmental characteristics with cvd prevalence and incidence in middle-aged and elderly populations were investigated using data from the aric study and chs. associations of neighborhood socioenvironmental characteristics with cvd risk factors and risk factor trends in young and middle-aged adults were investigated using data from the cardia and aric studies. cardia and aric data were also used to explore the contributions of neighborhood characteristics to racial differences in cvd risk factors. census defined areas were used as proxies for neighborhoods. participants were linked to their census-tract and block-group of residence using their home address, and neighborhood characteristics were obtained from the 1990 u.s. census. the three data sets were analyzed separately. after exploratory and descriptive analyses, regression models were used to investigate associations of neighborhood characteristics with the outcomes before and after controlling for individual-level ses and other relevant covariates. appropriate statistical methods (mixed effects models) were used to account for the multilevel structure of the data (individuals nested within neighborhoods and repeated measures nested within individuals), and the potential violations of the assumption of independence of observations that might arise from it. the study completion date listed in this record was obtained from the "end date" entered in the protocol registration and results system (prs) record.

Eligibility criteria:
no eligibility criteria
effects of low versus high frequency percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on chronic neck pain patients.

Conditions: Neck Pain; Chronic Pain; Myofascial Pain Syndrome

Summary: comparison between high and low frequency percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation as treatment of myofascial chronic neck pain. the main hypothesis is that low frequency treatment will have more hypoalgesic effects than high frequency, and low frequency effects will last longer.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * neck pain of more than 6 months of evolution. * pain level of more than 30 millimeter on the vas scale. * active myofascial frigger points on upper trapezius muscle. exclusion criteria: * upper limb radiculopathy. * recent whiplash. * cervicogenic dizziness. * migraine. * previous cervical surgery.

Keywords: percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation myofascial trigger point
assessment of health related quality of life in women who underwent breast reconstruction after radical surgery

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: nowadays, breast reconstruction is an integral care after mastectomy in breast cancer patient. with the personalized care, choice a breast reconstructive is an important step involving decisions and mutual accord between patients and their physicians in order to anticipate clinical and psychosocial results. two main families of breast reconstruction techniques are often performed including advantages and complications impacting health related quality of life. routine assessment of health related quality of life in patients underwent breast reconstruction could allow to identify factors of satisfaction o be taken into account in the choice of breast reconstruction technique in order to improve practices and quality of life of patients


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * normal breast checkup ( mammography, echography and breast magnetic resonance imaging)in the previous 6 months * french speaking and writing fluency * agree to participate after receive all information exclusion criteria: * patients with an inability to complete hrqol questionnaires (cognitive disorders, language barrier) * patient with a failed first breast reconstruction

Keywords: breast reconstruction
efficacy of ethyl chloride topical anesthesia application on the pain perception during intra-oral injections in children in comparison to benzocaine gel.

Conditions: Dental Caries in Children; Anesthesia, Local; Injection Site Discomfort

Summary: the goal of this single-blinded randomized controlled trial is to compare pain perception during buccal infiltration using indirect ec spray and topical anesthesia and bc 20% topical gel, among seven to 10-year-old school children who attended pediatric dentistry department at dubai dental hospital (ddh), mohammed bin rashid university (mbru) in dubai, the united arab emirates (uae). the main question\[s\] it aims to answer are: • how effective is the indirect application of ec topical spray anesthesia on pain perception during intraoral buccal injection in children in comparsion to bc 20%? researchers will compare efficacy of 20% benzocaine (bc) gel and indirect application of ethyl chloride (ec) spray to see if reducing pain perception during local anesthesia infiltration.

pre-local analgesia topical benzocaine gel or ethyl chloride technique will be selected randomly and applied per the protocol. a single calibrated operator (a.a) using randomly selected sealed envelopes that have been previously divided equally according to sample size arms. the selected envelope is then opened by the operator, who applies either the ec or bc topical anesthesia technique based on the chosen envelop. followed by maxillary local analgesia buccal infiltration for a single tooth by a calibrated operator (a.a). the child is then observed and assessed by the blinded primary investigator (n.a) (to the topical anesthesia technique) for pain perception during local anesthesia infiltration based on the sound, eye, motor index used in this study. the child is then asked to rate the visual analog scale and facial pain scale. heart rate of the patient will be recorded as per below protocol.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy children (asa i) aged between 7 - 10 years old. * needing any maxillary buccal infiltration (anterior, middle, posterior) * had no prior history of local anesthesia. * frankl behavior iii or iv * not taking any painkillers, or other drugs that would influence with their pain perception. exclusion criteria: * history of a medically compromised condition and intellectual disability. § any allergy to local anesthesia. * active pathology at the site of injection. * prior history of intra-oral injection. * frankl behavior i or ii. * children/parents not willing to participate in the study. § needle phobia. * patients require treatment under conscious sedation.
the pittsburgh study early childhood

Conditions: Child Development; Child Language; Child Behavior Problem; Parenting; Parent Child Abuse

Summary: the early childhood collaborative of the pittsburgh study is a community-partnered, county-wide implementation of programs for children and families from birth through formal school entry to address real-world challenges that exist in providing effective preventive interventions for families with young children, particularly low-income families.

the early childhood collaborative of the pittsburgh study is a community-partnered, county-wide implementation of programs for children and families from birth through formal school entry to address real-world challenges that exist in providing effective preventive interventions for families with young children, particularly low-income families. specifically, the early childhood collaborative seeks to increase engagement (uptake and retention) in evidence-based interventions by (1) initially assessing families' resources and challenges, (2) offering families a menu of intervention options tailored to their resources/needs, and (3) providing these services at multiple locations to optimize accessibility. the early childhood collaborative involves population-level utilization of multiple platforms that families, particularly families at greater risk for health disparities, typically use, including health care (birthing hospitals, pediatric care, federally qualified health centers), women, infants, and children nutritional clinics, and family centers. the early childhood collaborative will locate services in these platforms and at family's homes. the early childhood collaborative focuses on child thriving and flourishing as key outcomes of interest, and community strengths as key drivers of change. to promote sustainability, investigators include representatives from the departments of human services and health who are responsible for funding and implementing home visiting programs in the greater pittsburgh community, with the goal of generating infrastructures and capacity in existing community agencies for providing evidence-based behavioral health care.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * allegheny county residency, legal custodian of child exclusion criteria: * non-english speaking
commercially available cannabis products for immune support

Conditions: Influenza; COVID-19; Common Cold

Summary: this study will be a prospective observation of the use of commercially available hemp and cannabis products marketed for immune support.

in the era of covid-19, there has been much speculation about the risks and benefits of cannabis use for immune support. it is well known that the endocannabinoid system plays a role in the regulation of the immune response and its role in inflammation reduction may be useful in terms of a potential adjunctive therapy for acute infection. cannabis products vary widely in their composition and may have a varying effect based on the strain and the associated terpenes. here, we aim to track cannabis and hemp usage during an acute infection to understand it's safety and effects in a symptomatic population. given the fast and widespread acceptance and use of cannabis products in the us market, commercial use has outpaced randomized controlled trials (rcts). thus, carefully designed observational studies are important to understand how these products are affecting consumers. prospective observational designs allow for real-world examinations of commercialized products with similar effect sizes to rcts. although observational designs have some drawbacks, a review covering 1,583 meta-analyses across 228 medical conditions compared the effect sizes from rcts with those from observational studies for the same medical conditions and found no differences between the two. (1) these data provide evidence that a carefully designed observational study can help us better understand the effects of commonly used products such as cannabis edibles. the aim of this observational study is to evaluate the safety and associated effects of commercially available cannabis products in the us in symptomatic individuals seeking them for immune support.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. 18 years of age or older 2. able to read and write in english 3. active participants in the pennsylvania medical marijuana program (for cannabis product users) 4. currently experiencing one or more of the following symptoms due to an acute illness: 1. fever or chills 2. cough 3. fatigue 4. muscle or body aches 5. headache 6. sore throat 7. congestion or runny nose 8. nausea or vomiting 9. diarrhea 5. agrees to consume their chosen hemp or cannabis product (for the cannabis arm) and to not use a different hemp or cannabis product through the duration of the study 6. agrees to continue to abstain from using hemp or cannabis (for the non-cannabis/hemp using arm) 7. must have smart phone or email and access to the internet 8. be able to comply with study requirements including baseline, completion of electronic questionnaires, and study timeline parameters. exclusion criteria: 1. women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant. 2. known allergy to any compounds in hemp or cannabis. 3. endorses suicidal intent 4. immunocompromised individuals 5. unwilling or unable to comply with study procedures 6. terminal illness with life expectancy less than 1 year
choice of optimal strategy for bifurcation lesions with normal side branch

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease

Summary: few data are available about the late patency of side branches in association with the currently used stent types and implantation techniques.

among the bifurcation type, bifurcation lesion without significant side branch stenosis (\ 2.0 mm. ds\>50%) after main branch stenting did not have functional significance. we compared strategies with or without routine kissing balloon dilatation for less than 50% stenosis after simple des crossing for bifurcation lesions (bifurcation type 1.1.0, 1.0.0, and 0.1.0 according to medina classification) with serial change of ffr measurement.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical * patients with angina and documented ischemia or patients with documented silent ischemia * patients who are eligible for intracoronary stenting * age \>18 years, \<75 ages * angiographic * de novo lesion located in a major bifurcation point with the medina classification type 1.1.0, 1.0.0, or 0.1.0 * main vessel : \>= 2.5 mm in vessel size, \>= 50% in diameter stenosis and =\< 50 mm in lesion length by visual estimation, in which the lesion is covered with =\< 2 stents * side branch :\>= 2.0 mm in vessel size and \< 50% diameter stenosis by visual estimation exclusion criteria: * history of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy * pregnant * known hypersensitivity or contra-indication to contrast agent, heparin, sirolimus, paclitaxel and zotarolimus * limited life-expectancy (less than 1 year) due to combined serious disease * st-elevation acute myocardial infarction =\< 2 weeks * characteristics of lesion: * left main disease * in-stent restenosis * graft vessels * timi flow =\< grade 2 in the side branch * chronic total occlusion * renal dysfunction, creatinine \>= 2.0mg/dl * contraindication to aspirin, clopidogrel or cilostazol

Keywords: stent bifurcation balloon angioplasty
effect of garlic on inflammatory mediators

Conditions: Healthy

Summary: this research will investigate the effect of garlic oil extract when added to daily diet on inflammatory mediators and blood clotting activation.

to investigate the pharmacokinetics of one of the garlic oil macerate, ajoene, the anti-inflammatory effect of garlic oil macerate on the pro-inflammatory transcription factor nf-kb, it's activating proteins, including ikb, ikb kinases a and b (ikka and ikkb) and the pro-inflammatory nf-kb-regulated proteins, c-reactive protein (crp), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-a), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sicam-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (svcam-1), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (mmp-9), plasminogen activated protein-1 (pai-1)and the effect of garlic oil macerate intake on platelet activation in normal subjects.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years of age and older * normal subjects with bmi \ 30 * subjects who have consented to adhere to the diet, regular weekly visits, and blood draws. exclusion criteria: * subjects on any antioxidant medication. * patient on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. * on any agent with antioxidant properties. * history of drug or alcohol abuse. * any life threatening disease. * on any agent with significant antioxidant properties. * taking garlic extracts in the diet regularly.

Keywords: effects of garlic
severe prospective observational copd catalonia

Conditions: Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Summary: multicenter observational study to characterize and follow-up a cohort of patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) in catalonia

creation of the first multicenter observational study in catalonia to characterize and follow-up of patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. the follow-up will be up to 5 years, with a first initial visit and control visits every year. all patients will be recruited from respiratory departments from major hospitals from catalonia, a region with approximately 8 million inhabitants and a wide web of public hospitals.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * informed consent: a signed and dated written informed consent prior to study participation * age: subjects 35 years of age or order at visit 1. * severe copd diagnosis: an established severe copd defined by spirometry values: * a post-albuterol/salbutamol fev1/fvc ratio of \<0.70 at visit 1. fev1: forced expiratory volume at one second fvc: forced vital capacity. * a post-bronchodilator fev1 \< 50% predicted normal * smoking history: ≥ 10 pack-years at visit 1 * stable phase of the disease (not less than 4 weeks of stability prior visit 1) exclusion criteria: * subjects not giving written informed consent. * subjects at risk of non-compliance, or unable to comply with the scheduled visits. * subjects affected mainly by another severe chronic respiratory disease that justifies the ventilatory alteration, for example pulmonary fibrosis or severe bronchiectasis * subjects with carcinoma that has not been in complete remission for at least 5 years. * subjects with α1-antitrypsin deficiency as the underlying cause of copd

Keywords: severe copd cohort catalonia prospective multicenter 5 year follow-up characterisation copd comorbidities copd phenotypes
monitoring of azathioprine metabolite concentrations and cytokine levels in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder

Conditions: NMO Spectrum Disorder; Azathioprine Adverse Reaction

Summary: background: the pathogenesis of nmosd has been linked to the cytokines interleukins (il) -6, nod-, lrr-and pyrin domain-containing 3 (nlrp3) and il-18 that contribute to development of inflammatory reactionsmay. although azathioprine (aza) is efficacious in preventing nmosd recurrence, it may have adverse effects (aes) maybe related to the plasma concentrations. objective: we would monitor the blood concentrations of aza in nmosd, and their relationship with cytokines, severity, efficacy, and safety range of the drug. methods: a total of 53 nmosd patients were included in the study, which included 20 patients who had received aza treatment within 1 month, and 16 patients who had received aza treatment within 6 months, as well as 17 patients who had received aza treatment at least 12 months. the patient's immunotherapy regimen was low-dose hormone combined with aza. aza was started at small doses and added every two weeks after no aes, namely 50 mg qd for two weeks, 50mg bid for two weeks, and maintained at 50mg tid. the following clinical data were collected: gender, age, clinical symptoms, edss score, number of recurrences and aes, etc. healthy controls (hc) comprised 10 individuals. aza metabolite concentrations 6-thioguaninenucleotides (6-tgn) and 6-methylmercaptopurine nucleotides (6-mmpn) were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). levels of il-6, nlrp3 and il-18 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa).

a total of 53 nmosd patients were recruited from neurology department of the first affiliated hospital of guangxi medical university.according to the duration of aza treatment, 20 patients were divided into 1 month after aza treatment, 16 patients in 6 months after aza treatment and 17 patients over 12 months after aza treatment. clinical data of patients were collected, including: gender, age, time of first onset, time of medication, clinical symptoms, number of recurrence, edss score, serum and cerebrospinal fluid aqp 4-igg titers, imaging results, rheumatic immunity-related autoimmune antibodies, comorbidities, related adverse drug reactions, etc. ten healthy volunteers with physical examination in our hospital were selected as the healthy control (hc) group.blood (5ml) was collected from peripheral veins of patients and healthy volunteers.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: all patients with nmosd met the international consensus diagnostic criteria for nmosd published in 2015. before medication, tpmt activity was normal. exclusion criteria: patients with fever, infection, or patients with other autoimmune diseases, uncontrolled malignancies, and other chronic diseases were excluded.

Keywords: nmosd, aza, 6-tgn, 6-mmpn, il-6, nlrp3, il-18
clinical validation of dacp digital design

Conditions: Refractive Errors

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the visual performance of dailies® aquacomfort plus® (dacp) digital lenses by assessing distance visual acuity (va) as compared to dacp sphere contact lenses after one week of wear.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * willing and able to sign an irb/iec approved informed consent form; * current wearer of dacp spherical contact lenses (at least 2 months in current correction), with a minimum wearing time of 5 days per week and 8 hours per day; * experiencing symptoms of eye strain from using technology; * willing to wear study lenses each day; * possess spectacles that provide a corrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better in both eyes (ou) and be willing to wear them (as needed); * willing to not use rewetting/lubricating drops at any time during the study; * currently using digital devices (computer, tablet, and/or smart phone) for a minimum of 5 days per week and 4 hours per day; * willing to not use any near aid (e.g. reading glasses) at any time during the study. exclusion criteria: * conditions, use of medications, injury, or surgery, as specified in the protocol; * wearing habitual contact lenses in an extended wear modality (routinely sleeping in lenses for at least 1 night per week) over the last 3 months prior to enrollment; * monocular (only one eye with functional vision); * pregnant.