Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
continuous glucose monitoring to assess glycemia in chronic kidney disease - changing glucose management

Conditions: Chronic Kidney Diseases; Type 2 Diabetes

Summary: the goal of this study is to test whether a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, compared with a sulfonylurea, improves time in normal blood glucose range and reduces blood glucose variability. blood glucose is measured using a continuous glucose monitoring device.

this is a proof-of-concept clinical trial testing the effects of linagliptin versus glipizide on glucose variability among people with type 2 diabetes and stage 3-4 ckd. in a cross-over design, each enrolled participant will receive 28 days of each study medication. study medications will be provided in a randomly assigned order without blinding. the primary study outcome is glucose time in range, measured by blinded continuous glucose monitoring for the last 6 days of each 28-day treatment period. secondary outcomes include indices of glycemic variability, hypoglycemia, and biomarkers of systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and albuminuria. the overall goal of this research is to identify safe and effective treatments to control glycemia among patients with diabetes and ckd.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * type 2 diabetes * egfr 15-59 ml/min/1.73 m2 * hemoglobin a1c \< 8% * age ≥ 18 years * current use of sulfonylurea exclusion criteria: * bmi \> 40 kg/m2 * actively using cgm for clinical care * end stage renal disease needing dialysis * kidney transplant * pregnant or nursing * unable to provide informed consent
motor, non-motor and genetic determinants of progression in parkinson's disease: a mexican multicenter cohort study

Conditions: Parkinson's Disease

Summary: the objective of the study is to assess the effect of motor, non-motor and genetic factors on the progression of parkinson's disease as well as its impact on complications rates. a large sample of mexican subjects with parkinson's disease attending several referral centers will be included. data collected will include disease severity and motor scales, non-motor scales as well as genotyping for monogenic forms of the disease. assessments will be performed every 6 months for two years.

demographic and clinical data will be collected after obtaining a signed informed consent. recruitment will be competitive. data collected includes age, gender, motor phenotype, age at onset, age at diagnosis, smoking history, family history, antiparkinsonic treatment, other treatments and a complete neurological evaluation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of parkinson's disease by the united kingdom parkinson's disease society brain bank criteria * any gender * any hoehn and yahr stage * written informed consent exclusion criteria: * severe comorbidity that may limit proper neurological evaluation as judged by the investigator * subjects with atypical or secondary parkinsonism

Keywords: parkinson's disease motor non-motor progression complications
efficacy study of latanoprost and bimatoprost solutions in promoting eyelash growth in patients with alopecia areata

Conditions: Alopecia Areata

Summary: this is a single center, randomized, investigator-masked study to determine the efficacy and safety of latanoprost and bimatoprost ophthalmic solutions in promoting eyelash growth in patients who have lost their eyelashes due to alopecia areata. these medications are fda-approved as eyedrops for patients with glaucoma who have been noted to grow longer, darker, and thicker eyelashes with their use. in this study, patients will be asked to apply these solutions to the affected eyelid margins of one eye with a sterile cotton-tipped applicator once a day.

this is a pilot, single-center, randomized, investigator-masked study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of latanoprost (xalatan) ophthalmic solution compared to bimatoprost (lumigan) ophthalmic solution in patients with eyelash loss due to alopecia areata. this is a collaborative study between the departments of dermatology and ophthalmology at ucsf. patients will be randomized to receive either latanoprost or bimatoprost. patients will be instructed to apply latanoprost or bimatoprost to the affected eyelid margins of one eye using a sterile cotton-tipped applicator once a day (similar to the application of eyeliner). the untreated eye will serve as a control. when substantial eyelash growth is noted in the treated eye, patients will be instructed to decrease application to once a week. patients will be seen every four weeks in the department of dermatology. in addition, eyelash growth will be assessed in the beckman vision center where eyelash length will be measured, and photographs will be taken at baseline, 2 months, and 4 months. intraocular pressure will be documented at baseline and at each visit to the beckman vision center. the study will be conducted over four months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males and females in good general health, ages 18-70. * patients with alopecia areata who have had 50% or more eyelash loss for 6 months or longer. exclusion criteria: * any pre-existing eye disorder that would preclude use of a topical agent around the eyes (e.g. infection, inflammation, recent surgery.) * subjects with limited close vision who cannot see their eyelid margin clearly. * immunosuppressed state. * women who are pregnant or who are trying to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. * patients with known allergy to latanoprost or bimatoprost, other prostaglandin f-2a or related drugs, or to benzalkonium. * unable to read or follow instructions.

Keywords: alopecia areata eyelash growth latanoprost bimatoprost
blood flow restriction therapy in lower limb extensor injuries

Conditions: Lower Limb Injury

Summary: the primary objective of the study is to determine the efficacy of blood flow restriction therapy on patients with lower limb extensor injuries by measuring pre and post blood flow restriction therapy strength and muscle mass.

the purpose is to restrict venous outflow with an inflatable cuff to create a high intensity environment increases muscle hypertrophy, thus promoting a more efficient form of rehabilitation. blood flow restriction therapy is a blood pressure cuff placed around the desired limb with a handheld device that controls the pressure exerted by the cuff. the cuff is placed around the desired limb before a specific exercise, the physical therapist determines the appropriate pressure and time, and the patient completes the exercise as they normally would. the monitor determines the limb occlusion pressure and has an automatic timer that will deflate after the specified time has elapsed. there are also audio and visual alarms that alert the user of under or over pressurization. the specific pressure will vary based on patient's tolerance and will stay consistent through each exercise. thus far blood flow restriction therapy has been tested in patients with several pathologies but there is limited literature on its effect on lower limb extensor injuries.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * must be at least 18 years of age and younger than 65 years of age * asa class i-ii * diagnosed with a lower limb extensor injury (quadriceps tendon rupture, patella tendon rupture, patella fracture) * intention to receive physical therapy as standard of care exclusion criteria: * legally incompetent or mentally impaired (e.g. minors, alzheimer's subjects, dementia, etc.) * younger than 18 years of age or older than 65 * any patient considered a vulnerable subject * patients with impaired circulation, peripheral vascular compromise, previous revascularization of the extremity, or severe hypertension * concomitant lower extremity traumatic injuries, delaying or precluding the subject's ability to participate in the therapy * immobile or use of mobile assistive device prior to injury * no prior extensor injuries * patients with sickle cell anemia or venous thromboembolism * patients with cancer or lymphectomies * patients with increased intracranial pressure * patients with intention to receive standard therapy and not the study therapy
the effect of smartphone addiction on physical activity and depression in university students

Conditions: Young Adult

Summary: this study was planned considering that young people with smartphone addiction are depressed and their physical activity is significantly reduced. in this direction, our aim is to examine the relationship between smartphone use and physical activity among universities in the 18-25 age group, which uses technology extensively. our results are to raise awareness of this prevention by uncovering the possibility that it may be the cause of smartphone use in young people.

smartphone addiction short scale, beck depression questionnaire and international physical activity(ipa) scale short form questionnaires were used in our study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. being a university student 2. voluntary participation in the study 3. the adults who were diagnosed as having palliative care needs and are considered to be within the last 5 years of life as determined by their medical practitioner 4. age between 18-25 years 5. able to provide consent 6. have the means to communicate 7. able to read, understand, and provide informed consent in turkish exclusion criteria: 1. no chronic wrist deformity or disease 2. unable to meer the iclusion criteria 3. too unwell to participate 4. physical impairments precluding participation in physical activity; 5. unwilling or unable to sign the participant informed consent form; received a diagnosis of brain cancer or thyroid cancer. brain cancer survivors will be excluded as a function of the cognitive impairments associated with their diagnosis and treatment and thyroid cancer survivors will be excluded due to the vastly different treatment regimens. that is, both of these cancers may result in different physical, psychological/emotional, and social effects that could impact the outcomes of interest. eligible participants who want to participate in the other pre-specified outcome measures to assess cognitive functioning must also meet the following additional inclusion/exclusion criteria.
phase 3 study of tacrolimus (fk506) for lupus nephritis: a placebo controlled, double-blind multicenter, comparative study

Conditions: Lupus Nephritis

Summary: this study consists of a 28-week placebo-controlled double-blind inter-group efficacy study in steroid refractory lupus nephritis patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * steroid refractory lupus nephritis * more than 10mg of steroid failed to control disease activity * patients who failed to reduce the amount of steroid * patients who couldn't increase the amount of steroid due to side effects exclusion criteria: * patients who started the immunosuppressant therapy or increased the amount of immunosuppressant within 12 weeks prior to test drug administration * patients who received cyclophosphamide puls within 24 weeks prior to test drug administration * cns( central nerve system) lupus patients * hepatic failure patients * serum creatinine ≧1.5mg/dl

Keywords: tacrolimus fk506 lupus nephritis
personalized normative feedback to increase hiv testing

Conditions: HIV Testing; HIV Stigma

Summary: randomized trial to measure the effect of personalized normative feedback about local hiv testing rates and local rates of hiv-related stigma on self-reported hiv testing intentions and perceptions about others' hiv testing intentions.

hiv testing is a vital step in identifying and treating hiv. research in rural uganda reveals underestimation of community hiv testing rates and overestimation of hiv-related stigma among adults. at the same time, perceived norms (i.e., estimated rates regardless of their accuracy) are associated with personal hiv testing behavior and personal hiv-related attitudes. this study employs a randomized controlled trial to evaluate how providing accurate information about local descriptive (i.e., behavioral) norms and local injunctive (i.e., attitudinal) norms affect hiv testing intentions. participants are randomly assigned to one of four treatment arms: (1) they are reminded of what they thought community testing rates were in their village and then receive accurate information about high community testing rates, (2) they are reminded of what they thought local stigma rates were in their village and then receive accurate information about positive community perceptions of persons with hiv, (3) they are reminded of what they thought community testing rates and local stigma rates were in their village and then receive both types of accurate normative information, or (4) they are reminded of what they thought community testing rates were in their village and receive no further information (control group). the study assesses how providing this type of personalized normative feedback within cohort-based data collection affects personal reports about getting tested for hiv in the next 12 months and how it affects perceptions about how many men and women in the same village will get tested for hiv in the next 12 months. it is hypothesized that providing accurate information about local community testing rates and/or attitudes toward persons with hiv will increase reported personal willingness to get tested (primary outcome) and improve the accuracy of estimated community testing rates in the future (secondary outcome).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all adults who consider nyakabare their primary place of residence and who are capable of providing consent exclusion criteria: * minors younger than 18 years of age, with the exception of emancipated minors * persons who do not consider nyakabare parish their primary place of residence, e.g. persons who happen to be visiting nyakabare at the time of the survey or who own a home in nyakabare but spend most of their time outside of the parish * persons with psychosis, neurological damage, acute intoxication, or other cognitive impairment (all of which are determined informally in the field by non-clinical research staff in consultation with a supervisor)

Keywords: hiv testing hiv stigma
effect of bilateral distalization of upper first molars in a group of patients after extraction of maxillary second molars

Conditions: Class II Malocclusion

Summary: there is a scarcity in the current literature regarding such appliance and its effect on distalizing the first maxillary molar in absence of the second molar. therefore, this study was made to evaluate the effect of bilateral distalization of upper first molars in a group of patients after extraction of maxillary second molars using infra zygomatic mini implants.

the appliances available for distalization used to be mainly extraoral distalizing appliances which depended entirely on patient cooperation and compliance. even after the emergence of intra-oral distalizing appliances they had adverse dentoalveolar effect such as anchorage loss and flaring of the upper anterior teeth. thus, this study was made in order to evaluate the efficiency of our proposed appliance in the treatment of class ii patients while avoiding the adverse effects mentioned above.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female patients with cervical vertebra maturation index (cvmi) 5 \& 6. * from quarter unit to 3\\4-unit class ii molar relationship. * an overjet of an average 6mm. * full set of permanent dentition except for the maxillary second molar. * favorable path of eruption for the maxillary third molar. exclusion criteria: * medically compromised patients. * patients under long term medications. * patients having sever periodontal disease. * cvmi 3 or less * full unit class ii cases

Keywords: intermolar width molar inclination intra-oral appliance infrazygomatic mini-screws distalization
testing protocol for cold-sensing fibers

Conditions: Pain

Summary: this project aims to evaluate whether electrical stimulation can modulate the cold detection threshold and the cold pain threshold. the hypothesis is that different electrical stimulation will either decrease or increase the cold threshold depending on the shape of the electrical stimulus. if a combination of electrical stimuli and cold stimuli could be used, this could lead to a novel method for estimating the excitability properties of cold-sensing fibers. the sub-project takes place in 1 session (1.5 hours).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy men and women * 18-80 years * speak and understand english exclusion criteria: * pregnancy or breast feeding * drug addiction defined as the use of cannabis, opioids or other drugs * previous and present neurologic, musculoskeletal or mental illnesses (e.g., epilepsy, neuropathy, fibromyalgia and depression) * skin diseases * past history of conditions possibly leading to neuropathy * inability to cooperate * current use of medications that may affect the study, e.g., analgesics * previous traumatic experience of an electrical accident * consumption of alcohol or painkillers within the last 24 hours * participation in other pain studies throughout the study period * patients with cardiac diseases (e.g., pacemaker).
safety and tolerability of flexible doses of oral ziprasidone in children and adolescents with bipolar i disorder (manic or mixed)

Conditions: Bipolar Disorder

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the safety and tolerability of ziprasidone during a long-term open label study in children and adolescents (ages 10-17) with bipolar i disorder (manic or mixed).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the subjects must have received study medication in study a1281196. * in the investigator's opinion, the subject must be likely to continue to benefit from antipsychotic therapy and must have been free from any clinically significant safety concerns during the preceding double blind study. exclusion criteria: * subjects who require treatment with drugs that are known to consistently prolong the qt interval. * subjects who are judged by the investigator as being at imminent risk of suicide.

Keywords: children and adolescents with bipolar i disorder (manic or mixed)
a study of avonex to determine the effects of dose titration on the incidence of flu like symptoms in healthy volunteers

Conditions: Healthy Volunteers

Summary: the primary objective of the study is to determine whether titration of avonex reduces the severity of flu-like symptoms (fls). secondary objectives of this study are to determine whether titration of avonex reduces the incidence of fls and to evaluate the overall safety and tolerability of avonex intramuscular (im) injections.


Eligibility criteria:
key inclusion criteria: * must have a body mass index of 19 to 30 kg/m2, and a minimum body weight of 50.0 kg at screening. * female participants of childbearing potential must practice effective contraception during the study and be willing and able to continue contraception for 30 days after their last dose of study treatment. key exclusion criteria: * known history of or positive test result for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), hepatitis c virus (test for hepatitis c virus antibody \[hcv ab\]) or hepatitis b virus (test for hepatitis b surface antigen \[hbsag\] and hepatitis b core antibody \[hbcab\]) * known history of chronic fatigue syndrome or fibromyalgia * within one month, flu-like illnesses (e.g., gastroenteritis, upper respiratory infection, common cold) * history of severe allergic reactions to any drug or anaphylactic reactions * known allergy to avonex or any of its components * serious infection (e.g., pneumonia, septicemia) within the 3 months prior to screening or active bacterial or viral infection * history of alcohol or substance abuse (as defined by the investigator) * female participants who are pregnant or currently breastfeeding * any previous treatment with any interferon product.10. vaccinations within 2 weeks or 5 half-lives, whichever is longer, prior to day 1 * blood donation within 30 days prior to screening * use of any tobacco product more than 5 times within 30 days prior to screening note: other protocol defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply.
genetic studies spermatogenic failure

Conditions: Oligospermia; Azoospermia; Male Infertility

Summary: the proposed study is designed to test the following hypotheses: 1. mouse autosomal or x-linked genes which are exclusively expressed in mouse spermatogonia are also spermatogonia-specific in human. 2. severe spermatogenic defect, especially hypospermatogenesis or scos, is caused by an intrinsic defect in germ line stem cell or speramtogenia. 3. spermatogonia-specific genes are caudate genes for human spermatogenic defect, especially for hypospermatogenesis or scos. 4. for a significant fraction of cases with severe spermatogenic defect, the sterile genes are transmitted via multifactorial inheritance mode. 5. for some cases with severe spermatogenic defect, mutations of spermatogonia- specific genes may be transmitted in the x-linked recessive, autosomal recessive, or autosomal dominant mode.

between 2% and 12% of couples worldwide are affected by reduced fertility. men who have defects in sperm production (spermatogenic defect) account for about half of these cases. in drosophila and mouse, targeted disruptions of numerous sterility- associated genes have been created. physiological studies in the drosophila and in mouse also indicate that spermatogenesis is subjected to complex regulation, and male infertility may result from aberrant regulatory events. in the human being, deletions of the y chromosome account for only 10% of cases with spermatogenic defect, and etiologies of remaining 90% of cases are still unknown. it is evident that multiple genes are involved in male infertility. for cases with severe spermatogenic defect , testicular histology shows either decreased number of germ cells in all developmental stages (hypospermatogenesis) or complete absence of germ cells (sertoli cell only syndrome or scos). it appears that there is an intrinsic defect which causes depletion of germ-line stem cells (spermatogonia) for cases with hypospermatogenesis or scos. of 25 genes exclusively expressed in mouse spermatogonia, 3 are y-linked, 10 are x-linked, and only 12 are distributed on autosomes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men with oligozoospermia(\<2\*10\^7/ml) or azoospermia exclusion criteria: * abnormal karyotypes * obvious genital trauma history * genital hernia * other recognizable causes of male infertility

Keywords: spermatogenesis defect male infertility azoospermia oligozoospermia y chromosome markers estrogen gene