Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
bilateral ultrasound guided intramuscular quadratus lumborum plane block versus bilateral lateral quadratus lumborum plane block in controlling postoperative pain in cancer patients undergoing open nephrectomy

Conditions: Bilateral; Ultrasound; Intramuscular Quadratus Lumborum Plane Block; Lateral Quadratus Lumborum Plane Block; Postoperative Pain; Cancer Patients; Open Nephrectomy

Summary: this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of bilateral ultrasound-guided intramuscular quadratus lumborum plane block (ql4) versus bilateral lateral quadratus lumborum plane block (ql1) in controlling postoperative pain in cancer patients undergoing open nephrectomy.

post-surgical somatic pain is very distressing to patients, which may lead to significant complications. practitioners initially used these as ilioinguinal, iliohypogastric, rectus sheath blocks, and in the early 21st century, transversus abdominis plane (tap) blocks. a recent variation of the tap block is known as the quadratus lumborum block (qlb). the ql block effectiveness is believed to result from the spread of local anesthetic cranially from the lumbar deposition into the thoracic paravertebral space (tpvs). so, the qlb seems to relieve somatic and visceral pains.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age from 18 to 65 years. * both sexes. * american society of anesthesiology (asa) physical status ii-iii. * body mass index (bmi): (20- 40) kg/m2. * type of surgery: midline incision for unilateral open nephrectomy. exclusion criteria: * patient refusal. * age \ 65 years * bmi \ 40 kg/m2 * known sensitivity or contraindication to drugs used in the study * contraindication to regional anesthesia, e.g. local infection at the introduction site, pre-existing peripheral neuropathies and coagulopathy. * physical status asa iv * patients on chronic analgesic therapy (daily morphine ≥30 mg or equivalent dose of other opioids or tramadol or any medication for neuropathic pain) * patients with a history of drug abuse * patients with neuropsychiatric diseases; patients with a history of chronic pain syndromes that may enhance sensitivity to pain, for example, fibromyalgia * all patients who are going to have severe intra- or post-operative bleeding or will require postoperative mechanical ventilation are also excluded from the study.
a predictive score for the ischemic etiology of a transient visual disturbances (vasco)

Conditions: Vision Disorders

Summary: the transient visual disturbances (tvd) are defined by a short abnormality of visual function. their etiology may be ophthalmological, neurological non-ischemic or of ischemic origin. the difficulty is to recognize an ischemic mechanism which imposes emergency cares. a clinical score could help the clinician to recognize the etiology of the tvd .


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * transient visual disturbances (i.e. less than 24 hours) during the last 8 days exclusion criteria: -
qvar vs fp in pediatrics

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: the primary aim of this study was to compare the absolute and relative effectiveness of asthma management in paediatric patients in the uk on inhaled corticosteroid (ics) maintenance therapy as extra-fine hfa-bdp (qvar®) pressurised metered dose inhaler (pmdi) compared with fluticasone propionate (fp) pmdi.

comparison of asthma control with extrafine-particle hydrofluoroalkane-beclometasone (ef hfa-bdp) vs fluticasone propionate (fp) in paediatric patients (5-11year olds). patients identified from the general practice research database (gprd) and the optimum patient care research database (opcrd). two analyses were conducted: 1. comparison of outcomes achieved by ef hfa-bdp and fp in 5-6year old patients with those achieved in 7-11yr old patients. 2. comparison of outcomes achieved by ef hfa-bdp used with or without a spacer to those achieved by standard particle fluticasone propionate (fp) used with a spacer.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. aged: 5-11 years 2. evidence of asthma (diagnostic code and/or current asthma therapy); 3. have at least one year of up-to-standard (uts) baseline data (during which the step-up to fp/sal occurred) and at least one year of uts outcome data (following the ipd). exclusion criteria: 1. had any chronic respiratory disease, except asthma, at any time; and/or 2. patients on maintenance oral steroids during baseline year

Keywords: hydrofluoroalkane beclomethasone fluticasone paediatrics real-life observational primary care
heidelberg edge perimetry (hep) detecting glaucomatous visual field defects

Conditions: Glaucoma

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare standard automated perimetry (sap) using the heidelberg edge perimeter (hep) to the octopus visual field (ovf) analyzer and determine test-retest reliability of both parameters in detecting glaucomatous visual field losses. this study will also investigate novel imaging parameters of the optic nerve head and new automated structure-function reports.

each participant undergo the following tests: 1. standard ophthalmic examination (usual care): best-corrected visual acuity, biomicroscopy (look at front of eye), intraocular pressure (iop) using goldman applanation tonometry, central corneal thickness measurement and fundoscopy (look at back of eye). 2. octopus visual field (ovf) analyzer using g-top strategy recording mean deviation (md) and pattern standard deviation (psd). 3. heidelberg edge perimeter (hep) standard automated perimetry (sap) using advanced staircase thresholding algorithm (asta). 4. spectralis optical coherence tomography (oct) using glaucoma module premium edition (gmpe) software to measure minimum rim width (mrw) and retinal nerve fiber layer (rnfl) thickness in 6 sectors (superior nasal, superior temporal, inferior nasal, inferior temporal, nasal and temporal) in the retina. order of hep sap iii and ovf, and order of the eye tested (right vs. left) if both eyes of patients meet inclusion criteria will be randomized. patients with glaucoma will be randomly chosen and asked to return in 3 to 6 months for repeat hep and ovf testing.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \> 18 years. * best corrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better in the tested eye. * spherical refraction within ±5.0 d, and cylinder correction within ±3.0 d. * history of glaucoma, defined as: * characteristic of glaucomatous disc damage: (local narrowing, notching, or absence of the neuroretinal rim in the absence of disc pallor elsewhere). exclusion criteria: * any condition preventing adequate examination of the pupil or visual field testing (e.g. ptosis, dense corneal opacities or lens opacities); * active infection of the anterior or posterior segments of the eye; * any intraocular surgical or laser procedure within the previous 4 weeks; * participants taking a medication known to affect visual field sensitivity, a coexisting intraocular disease affecting visual field, or a problem other than glaucoma affecting color vision will be excluded.
influence of probiotic and symbiotic in body weight, blood sugar and lipemia of obese women

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate whether gut microbiota modulation by probiotic and symbiotic contribute with weight loss and improvement of metabolic parameters in women with obesity.

we will evaluate the effects of probiotic and symbiotic on weigh loss, blood glucose, lipid profile, metabolomic profile, and gut microbiota composition variables in women with obesity.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women; * adult; * obese (bmi between 30 and 39,9 kg/m²). exclusion criteria: * pregnancy or nursing; * smokers; * drinkers; * use of drug or phytotherapic; * diagnosis of any cronic disease; * daily consumption of yogurt.

Keywords: obesity probiotic symbiotic weight loss gut microbiota bifidobacterium lactis fructooligosaccharide blood sugar lipemia metabolome
caries prevention potential of pearl powder versus cpp-acp on enamel white spot lesions

Conditions: White Spot Lesion of Tooth

Summary: to evaluate the caries prevention potential of pearl powder against cpp-acp in enamel white spot lesions.

the aim of the study is to evaluate the caries prevention potential of pearl powder against cpp-acp in enamel white spot lesions using laser fluorescence device scoring from 0 to 99, with daily application time of 3 months and follow up period of 6,9,and 12 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * good oral hygiene * cooperative patient * completion of orthodontic therapy * presence of at least two white spot lesions on the labial surface of six maxillary anterior teeth, that were not present before orthodontic treatment exclusion criteria: * bad oral hygiene * lack of patients compliance * allergy to milk products * pregnant or lactating women * presence of dentin caries, restorations, or enamel hypoplasia on maxillary anterior teeth * presence of periodontal pockets around maxillary anterior teeth

Keywords: white spot lesions, pearl powder cpp-acp
semen analysis and insight into male infertility

Conditions: Male Infertility

Summary: semen analysis is the cornerstone for the valuation of the male partner in the infertile couples. this test has been standardized throughout the world through the world health organization (who) since the1970s by producing, editing, updating, and disseminating a semen analysis manual and guidelines.

a retrospective study to assess the frequency of male factor infertility in the last years.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * infertile males exclusion criteria: * suergery

Keywords: infertility; male semen
a standardized meditation technique "body-scan", in the management of anxiety in hospitalized parkinsonian patients

Conditions: Parkinson's Disease

Summary: the aim of the study is to constitute a proof of concept study for a larger study investigating the effect of mindfulness on anxiety and agitation in parkinson's disease (pd) based on the results of a preliminary feasibility.

neuropsychiatric and behavioral non motor symptoms are common in pd often requiring hospitalization and/or specific drug management. mindfulness-based stress reduction (mbsr) programs have proved to be efficacious in pd both for the management of motor and non-motor symptoms. this is however the case only in out-patients and by using standardized 8 weeks programs. the team has experienced in the hospitalization unit that methods derived from the mbsr program such as the "body scan", administered by the paramedical personnel, is of great help for the non-pharmacological management of anxiety and agitation in pd, avoiding physical contention in many cases. based on this experience the study aims at evaluating the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a simple and standardized administration of the "body scan" meditation in the management of anxiety and agitation in pd admitted in the unit since less than 48h.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * parkinson's disease * age over 18 * admitted in the unit since less than 3 days * presenting at least 3 symptoms with a severity rated \> 2 at the hamilton anxiety scale (ham-a) * patients with social security insurance * informed consent signed exclusion criteria: * dementia, delusions or hallucination not permitting an informed consent or necessitating immediate and urgent sedation * patient under law protection * pregnant or breastfeeding women

Keywords: parkinson's disease anxiety meditation in-patients
a fmri study of compressive spinal cord

Conditions: Orthopedic Disorder of Spine; Neurologic Disorder

Summary: cervical myelopathy (cm), a chronically compressive spinal cord lesion, is the most common cause of non-traumatic paraparesis/quadriparesis among the elderly. hong kong is facing a heavy social economic burden from cm with the rapidly aging population. surgical decompression is considered as the mainstay of the treatment for cm patients to relieve their symptoms and signs. yet the surgical outcome is not always satisfactory. there is a pressing need for understanding the exact mechanism of surgical decompression on the recovery of myelopathic cord in order to improve the prognosis of cm patients in near future.this project will evaluate neuronal activities and axon regeneration by longitudinally monitoring at time zero, 3 and 6 month after the surgery in cm patients using ute, bold-fmri and dti, and to investigate the relationship of preoperative neuronal activities of myelopathic cord with axon regeneration.

this study aims to monitor the structural and functional changes of chronically compressed spinal cords longitudinally after surgical decompression in vivo. three kinds of mri techniques will be used in this study. these are (1) axial t1-weighted (t1wi) and t2-weighted imaging (t2wi), ute mri, (2) bold-based fmri, and (3) diffusion tensor imaging (dti). to quantitatively investigate the structural deficits, t1/t2 mris will delineate the gross morphology of the spinal cord, csf, and surrounding anatomical structures, while dti will quantify the fiber orientation and integrity within the spinal cord. bold-based functional mris will assess the local hemodynamic changes and neuron activities in response to the motor or sensory stimulation along the c3 to c8 spinal nerve levels. the mri evaluations will be applied to the same cervical myelopathy (cm) patient before surgery and 3 and 6 months post-surgery, when clinical recovery reaches a plateau9. clinical examination will include neurological evaluation, japanese orthopaedic association (joa) scoring assessment, and clinical electrophysiological evaluation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the inclusion criteria are a clinical diagnosis of cm including the signs of corticospinal lesion/s together with the appropriate radiographic findings. exclusion criteria: * patients with acute spinal cord injuries, prior spinal intervention or claustrophobia will be excluded.

Keywords: cervical spondylotic myelopathy diffusion tensor imaging functional magnetic resonance imaging
measuring corneal cells with specular microscopy

Conditions: Retinal Diseases

Summary: assess changes in the corneal cell count using specular microscopy following tretments with anti-vegf injections

patients with active wet amd often receive intraocular anti-vegf injections such as macugen, lucentis and avastin on a monthly basis for an extended period of time. while these medications are very effective at controlling the choroidal neovascularization associated with this disease, the impact of monthly intravigtreal anti-vegf injections on the viability of corneal endothelial cells has yet to be fully characterized. the availability of cesm as a diagnostic test that can be performed quickly and painlessly in the clinic offers a method of tracking corneal endothelial cell count in this patient population.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * wet age-related macular degeneration * receiving monthly intraocular injections of anti-vegf medication for at least 3 months * age greater than 50 years of age exclusion criteria: * experiences adverse events
analgesic efficacy of transmuscular quadratus lumborum in patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy

Conditions: Pain Postoperative

Summary: patients who have undergone laparotomies often require multimodal postoperative pain regimes. in recent years, abdominal wall blocks have been included to become part of this in order to overcome side effects of systemic opioids and complications from epidural analgesia. borglum popularised a new approach on abdominal wall blocks by introducing the transmuscular quadratus lumborum (ql) block. transmuscular ql block is thought to be effective against somatic and visceral pain as local anaesthetic tends to spread from the site of injection to thoracic paravertebral spaces where the sympathetic chain lies. the objective of this study is to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of transmuscular ql block in patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy (tah) by measuring cumulative opioid consumption, pain score at rest and on movement 24 hours after tah. our hypothesis is patients given transmuscular ql block will have lower cumulative opioid consumption.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. asa i or ii 2. patient's weight \> 50kg 3. elective tah exclusion criteria: 1. body mass index (bmi) \> 35 kg/m2 2. any contraindications to peripheral nerve blocks i.e. local skin infection, coagulopathy, allergy to la 3. inability to use patient controlled analgesia 4. patient on antiplatelet, anticoagulant or on regular use of opioids, paracetamol, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or tramadol for chronic condition

Keywords: transmuscular quadratus lumborum block, total abdominal hysterectomy
evaluate the effectiveness of fospropofol (lusedra®) for induction of anesthesia

Conditions: Interstitial Cystitis

Summary: interstitial cystitis is a condition where a defect in the protective lining of the bladder causes the urinary symptoms such as urgency, frequency and pain/burning on urination. one way to help ease the symptoms of this disease is to fill the bladder full of water every 4 to 6 months. since this is a painful procedure an anesthesiologist will give you a drug that will make you unconscious for the procedure. general anesthesia can be given to you through an iv tube that is placed in a vein in your arm. there are only a few agents that induce sedation and these agents have certain disadvantages such as waking up slowly, low blood pressure, and pain at the injection site and a prolonged time to consciousness. this study will be comparing doses of a new iv sedation induction agent drug to put you to sleep called fospropofol (lusedra®).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female outpatients -\> 18-65 years of age, * weight 60-90 kg, * with an american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status of p1 to p3 are eligible for enrollment. * female patients of child bearing age will have a negative urine pregnancy test result and have used an acceptable method of birth control for \>1 month prior to study enrollment. * patients will be npo \>6 hours and scheduled for outpatient urological hydrodilation under general anesthesia. * patients also will not be enrolled in another study or have received an experimental drug in the prior 30 days. exclusion criteria are: * hypersensitivity or allergy to any anesthesia, opioids, benzodiazepines or any drugs used in the study, failure to meet npo status or an abnormal, clinically significant ecg finding. * another exclusion is the presence of a difficult airway that would prevent use of the laryngeal mask airway (lma) or successful lma insertion. * women who are breast feeding would also be excluded from participation.

Keywords: hydrodilation general anesthetic
rigid thoracoscopy versus ct-guided pleural needle biopsy

Conditions: Pleural Effusion; Pleural Diseases

Summary: the aim of this study is to compare the rigid thoracoscopy with ct-guided pleural needle biopsy by the diagnostic efficacy and safety in patients with pleural effusion.

pleural needle biopsy with abrams needle, which can be performed by all chest physicians, is a simple, safe and cheap method of obtaining tissue from pleura, but its diagnostic rate is between 7 % -72 %, \~ 50 %. problems for abrams needle are scattered tumoral involvement on pleura, blind performance, small tissue sampling, to tend to early and dense fibrosis and usually involvement of lower pleural surface and diaphragmatic pleura. pleural needle biopsy with abrams' needle, which can be performed by all chest physicians, if done with image guided and if this increase the diagnosis rate, the number of second procedure which is more expensive and hard will decrease. the study aims the comparison of rigid thoracoscopy with ct-guided pleural needle biopsy by the diagnostic efficacy and safety in patients with pleural effusion. it has been planned that a total of 120 patients accepted to the study who have pleural effusion at plain chest roentgenogram. all patients are being randomized after underwent contrast-enhanced ct. undiagnosed patients of biopsy group are performed thoracoscopy and undiagnosed patients of thoracoscopy group followed up. two groups will compare by age, sex, karnofsky performance status (kps), diagnosis and complication rate.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. ages between 18-85 2. pleural effusion in conventional radiography 3. at least 10x10 cm space in pleural space with effusion 4. no bleeding diathesis 5. informed consent exclusion criteria: 1. patients who went under pleural biopsy before 2. arrythmia 3. hypertensive attack during biopsy 4. bleeding diathesis 5. hypoxemia

Keywords: thoracoscopy pleural needle biopsy malignant pleural diseases mesothelioma diagnosis pleurisy tuberculosis patients with pleural diseases and pleural effusion should have been included in the study.
re-connect application for smoking cessation

Conditions: Smoking Cessation; Acceptability of Health Care; Nicotine Dependence, Cigarettes

Summary: this series of studies will explore the acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of making access to smartphone applications contingent on objective evidence of smoking abstinence.

aim 1 will use small focus groups and feedback sessions (n = 4-6) to gain insight into the acceptability and usability of re-connect. up to 3 single-case design studies (n = 4/round) will then be conducted to get more extended use of the app in a real world context to get additional information about usability and acceptability of the app. aim 2 will involve a 2-group (ac vs sc), pilot randomized control trial to test the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of re-connect.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * individuals who report smoking at least 10 cigarettes per day for at least 2 years, -18 years of age or older * do not have any health complications that might interfere with the study or require more intensive treatment (e.g., emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, asthma, lactose intolerance) * report a strong desire to quit smoking (8 or higher on a 10-point likert scale) * has prior experience using a smartphone, speak english, and are literate, will be eligible for the study. exclusion criteria: * individuals with mental health complications that are either un-managed or that have been managed for less than 6-months