Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
a randomized controlled trial to improve medication compliance among patients with coronary heart disease

Conditions: Coronary Disease

Summary: coronary heart disease (chd) is the most common cause of death in the united states. a common term for chd is "blocked arteries." people with chd or "blocked arteries" often have high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or diabetes. they are also more likely to suffer a heart attack. many heart attacks could be prevented by taking medicines that control blood pressure, cholesterol, and diabetes. however, only 50%-60% of patients take their medicines as directed. patients who don't take their medicines regularly are considered noncompliant. one of the risk factors for noncompliance is low health literacy. health literacy is the ability to obtain, understand, and act on basic health information. patients with low health literacy may not understand their illnesses as well, or how to take their medicines properly. the purposes of this project are 1. to learn more about the relationship between low health literacy and medication compliance, and 2. to test 2 different strategies designed to help patients take their medicines more regularly. patients with chd were recruited when they arrived for a regular doctor's appointment. we measured their health literacy skills, asked questions about how they take their medications, and checked their blood pressure and last cholesterol and diabetes measurements. we then assigned patients to 1 of 4 intervention groups (intervention ongoing). the first group is receiving usual care, which includes regular medication instructions printed on the bottle and no reminders to refill medicines. the second group gets monthly postcards reminding them to refill their prescriptions. the third group gets a new medication schedule that shows them, with pictures and figures, how they are supposed to take their medicines each day. the fourth group receives both the postcards and the new medication schedule. we are following patients for 1 year to see which intervention has the greatest impact on their medication compliance, blood pressure, cholesterol, and diabetes measurements. we will also examine whether patients' health literacy affects the success of the interventions.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * coronary heart disease, demonstrated by documentation of \> 30% stenosis of one or more coronary vessels on cardiac catheterization, history of coronary artery bypass graft surgery, history of angioplasty, or documented myocardial infarction. exclusion criteria: * current participation in another medication adherence study * too ill * does not manage their own medications * no mailing address or telephone number * routine prescriptions filled outside of the grady pharmacy system * psychiatric illnesses, overt delirium or dementia * visual acuity worse than 20/60 * unable to communicate in english * already using a medication pill card

Keywords: medication compliance health literacy
post-approval study of the implantable miniature telescope

Conditions: AMD

Summary: the objective of the pas-01 study is to assess the safety of the intraocular as measured by the cumulative incidence of patients who within 5 years after implantation experience persistent vision-impairing corneal edema (corneal edema leading to persistent loss of best corrected distance visual acuity \>2 lines from pre-surgery baseline level). the study will test the null hypothesis that the percentage of patients who experience persistent vision-impairing corneal edema is \>17% against the alternative that the percentage is \<17%. the null hypothesis will be rejected if the upper bound of the two-sided 95% confidence integral for the observed percentage is \<17%.

ecd sub-study. at investigative sites participating in the ecd sub-group study, corneal endothelial cell density will be measured by non-contact specular microscopy in a subgroup of 150 patients enrolled in the imt-pas-01 in the eye schedule for and implanted with the intraocular telescope at study entry, 3 months, 12, months, 24 months, 36 months, 48 months and 60 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * stable severe (bvdca of 10/160 or poorer) to profound (bcdva of 20/800 or better) vision impairment caused by bilateral central scotomas associated with end-stage age-related macular degeneration. * 65 years of age or older * retinal findings of geographic atrophy or disciform scar with foveal involvement * visually significant cataract * agree to undergo pre- and post-surgery training and assessment * achieve at least a 5-letter improvement with external telescope * have adequate peripheral vision in the eye not scheduled for surgery exclusion criteria: * stargardt's macular dystrophy * anterior chamber depth \< 3.0mm * presence of corneal guttate * do not meet minimum age and endothelial cell density requirements * evidence of cnv or treatment of cnv within the past 6 months * cognitive impairment that would interfere with ability to understand and complete acceptance of risk and informed decision agreement or prevent proper training/rehabilitation * previous intraocular or cornea surgery of any kind in operative eye, including any type of surgery for either refractive or therapeutic purposes or who have prior or expected ophthalmic related surgery within 30 days preceding intraocular telescope surgery * history of steroid-responsive rise in intraocular pressure, uncontrolled glaucoma, or preoperative iop \>22 mm hg while on maximum medication * known sensitivity to post-operative medications * history of eye rubbing or an ocular condition that predisposes eye rubbing * myopia \>6.0 d * hyperopia \>4.0d * axial length \<21mm * narrow angle, i.e., \<schaffer grade 2 * cornea stromal or endothelian dystrophies, including guttate * inflammatory ocular disease * zonular weakness/instability of crystalline lens, or pseudoexfoliation * diabetic retinopathy * untreated retinal tears * retinal vascular disease * optic nerve disease * history of retinal detachment * intraocular tumor * retinitis pigmentosa
serotonin and amyloidopathy

Conditions: Parkinson's Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine if changes in brain serotonin affects the accumulation of amyloid in the brain. the investigators will use brain imaging methods to measure the amount of serotonin and amyloid in the brain of individuals with parkinson's disease (pd) and otherwise healthy older people. pd participants will undergo repeat brain imaging to assess amyloid accumulation two years after their first brain imaging session. all participants will undergo examinations to assess their motor function, and asked questions to assess their mood and thinking.

parkinson's disease (pd) is a common problem of older people often causing significant problems with thinking and memory. abnormal accumulation within in the brain of a protein called amyloid is felt to contribute to impaired thinking and memory in pd. excessive accumulation of this protein is also involved in alzheimer disease (ad) and may influence thinking and memory in otherwise healthy older people. recent evidence suggests that changes in the amount of another brain chemical, serotonin, influences the amount of amyloid accumulating in the brains of people with pd and otherwise healthy older people. the purpose of this study is to determine if changes in brain serotonin affects the accumulation of amyloid in the brain. the investigators use brain imaging methods to measure the amount of serotonin and amyloid in the brain of individuals with pd and otherwise healthy older people. pd participants will undergo repeat brain imaging to assess amyloid accumulation 2 years after their first brain imaging session. all participants will undergo examinations to assess their motor function, and asked questions to assess their mood and thinking.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * persons who have been diagnosed with parkinson disease age 45 years and older are eligible to participate in this study. * healthy older individuals (ages 60-80) without neurologic problems are eligible to participate. exclusion criteria: * individuals using some drugs cannot participate. these include anti-depressant medications, buproprion, or st. john's wort, as well as dopamine antagonist medications. * women of childbearing age may not participate. * individuals unable to have mri scans because of a pacemaker or metal fragments may not participate. * individuals with a history of stroke may not participate. people with any contraindication of pet imaging such as previous participation in research procedures involving ionizing radiation may not be eligible to participate in this study.
oxidative stress and iron overload in patient with abnormal haemoglobinopathy

Conditions: Oxidative Stress in Patient With Haemoglobinopathy and Affect it of Endocrine System

Summary: the effects of iron overload and oxidative stress and dyslipidemia on glucose level and thyroid function in patients with abnormal hemoglobinopathy. 2- evaluation of mda level as a marker of oxidative stress.

severe anemia due to defect in the synthesis of hemoglobin and hemolysis can endanger the life of β- thalassemia major (β-tm) patients and sickle cell anemia; therefore, the span and patient's quality of life is highly dependent on regular blood transfusion. nonetheless, blood transfusion causes iron accumulation in the patients. excess iron deposits in vital organs, such as liver, heart and endocrine glands, result in their malfunction. endocrinopathies account as one of the most common iron overload complications. oxidative stress is a major mechanism contributing to the progression of the disease in tdt. iron overload enhances oxidative stress in patients with tdt. iron is recognized to be a catalyst in developing reactive oxygen species (ros). mda is an eosinophilic enol compound that reacts with the structural and functional cellular protein to generate toxic lipoxidation end product destined for cellular damage of the affected organs. it is used as a sensitive biomarker for oxidative stress. disturbances in serum lipids and carbohydrates homoeostasis as well as os were documented in β-tm and sickle cell anemia. increase in serum levels total cholesterol (tc), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-c) and decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c) are the well-known causative factors and predictors of chd development and endocrine abnormality

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - age 18 and above. -patients diagnosed according to physical examination and results of laboratory tests as beta thalassemia major. -patient under gradual blood transfusion and iron chelating therapy. -gender and age matched healthy controls with normal serum lipid, glucose level and thyroid function will enrolled in this study as the control group exclusion criteria: * age under 18 years. * patient diagnosed with dm or those taking pharmacological agents such as steroids, insulin and lipid lowering drugs
effect of adjunctive treatment with arestin on the subgingival microflora in patients with moderate to advanced periodontitis

Conditions: Periodontitis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to measure the antimicrobial effects of arestin in subjects with moderate to advanced periodontal disease


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * generalized moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis, five sites with probing depths of \>5 mm in 5 non-adjacent interproximal spaces, excluding the distal of terminal teeth, at least 16 teeth excluding 3rd molars and implants exclusion criteria: * allergy to tetracycline * subjects with aggressive periodontitis * acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, or gross decay * systemic conditions which could influence the course of periodontal disease (i.e, diabetes, autoimmune disease, etc) * individuals requiring prophylactic antibiotics * any periodontal therapy within the previous 3 months (excluding maintenance therapy) * systemic or local antibiotic therapy within three months

Keywords: chronic periodontitis, mouth moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis
acetyl-l-carnitine reduces perceived work stress and improves work ability and work performance in hepatic encephalopathy

Conditions: Work Stress; Work Ability; Work Performance

Summary: this study evaluated the effects of acetyl-l-carnitine treatment on perceived work stress, work ability and work performance in subjects with hepatic encephalopathy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * overt hepatic encephalopathy (he) or a history of overt he exclusion criteria: * history of recent alcohol intake; infection; recent antibiotic use or gastrointestinal bleeding; history of recent use of drugs affecting psychometric performances like benzodiazepines, antiepileptics or psychotropic drugs; a history of shunt surgery or transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for portal hypertension; electrolyte imbalance; renal impairment; hepatocellular carcinoma; severe medical problems such as congestive heart failure, pulmonary disease or neurological or psychiatric disorder that could influence quality of life measurement; inability to perform neuropsycological tests.
posterior ligament complex assessment without magnetic resonance image in thoracolumbar fractures

Conditions: Spinal Deformity; Spinal Fractures; Spinal Injuries; Kyphosis

Summary: the objective of this investigation is to confirm the results obtained in a pilot study showing that certain radiological parameters based on computed tomography (ct) scans seem to reliably detect posterior ligament complex (plc) injury without the need for magnetic resonance imaging (mri)

integrity of posterior ligament complex (plc) has an important bearing on the treatment strategies for thoracolumbar (tl) fractures. magnetic resonance imaging (mri) is the gold standard to confirm plc injury. the routine use of mri has its limitations especially since in most trauma centers mri is not the primary assessment for tl fractures due to reduced availability, increased cost and its adverse applicability in trauma setting and in case of a polytrauma. in contrast computed tomography (ct) scans are an integral part of trauma evaluation protocols, are accurate in spine fracture diagnosis and are performed in less time, making them suitable to assess polytrauma scenarios. in a recent pilot study, a number of radiological parameters based on ct scans have shown to reliably detect plc injury when compared to mri. the aim of the study is to reconfirm and validate these ct based parameters to assess plc injury compared to mri.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18 to 60 years * a3/a4 tl fracture between t11-l2 with or without plc injury * pre-treatment ct scan and mri. radiographs (if available) * signed informed consent, if required by ec/irb exclusion criteria: * pathological fractures * multilevel contiguous and non-contiguous injuries * fractures with obvious spinous process split indicating tension band failure such as ao type b1 injuries * fractures with translation injuries or dislocations such as ao type c injuries

Keywords: posterior ligamentous complex thoracolumbar fractures interspinous distance local kyphosis
opiate-induced tolerance & hyperalgesia in pain patients

Conditions: Chronic Low Back Pain; Opioid-induced Hyperalgesia

Summary: opiates such as morphine are the cornerstone medications for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. recent evidence suggests that pain patients on chronic opioid therapy become more sensitive to pain (hyperalgesia) over time. there is also a long-standing notion that analgesic tolerance to opioids (habituation) develops during chronic use even though this phenomenon has never been prospectively studied. our specific aims propose to prospectively test the hypotheses that; 1) pain patients on chronic opioid therapy develop dose-dependent tolerance and/or hyperalgesia to these medications over time, 2) opioid-induced tolerance and hyperalgesia develop differently with respect to various types of pain, 3) opioid-induced hyperalgesia occurs independently of withdrawal phenomena, and 4) opioid-induced tolerance and hyperalgesia develop differently based on gender and/or ethnicity. this proposed study will be the first quantitative and prospective study of tolerance and hyperalgesia in pain patients and will have important implications for the rational use of opioids in the treatment of chronic pain.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * opioid naïve (or less than 4 vicodin equiv/day) * 18-70 years old * candidate for opioid therapy for nonmalignant pain. exclusion criteria: * history of substance abuse or severe psychiatric disease * use of medications for the treatment of neuropathic pain as these may alter tolerance or hyperalgesia * neurological conditions interfering with experimental pain testing, e.g. severe peripheral neuropathy
darweb: an online psychosocial intervention for children with recurrent abdominal pain and their families.

Conditions: Abdominal Pain

Summary: chronic and recurrent pain is a very important issue in the society, and its treatment is challenging. in children, one of the most common pain problems is recurrent abdominal pain. this problem can affect up to 12% of the children population, and can interfere on daily activities of both children and parents. recurrent abdominal pain in children is also associated with other health problems, and can be related to problems in adulthood. unfortunately, the current health system does not have an effective treatment for these children and their families. this is why the investigators propose an online intervention, darweb, for people in this situation. darweb provides an innovative solution using information and communication technology to facilitate access. it is also innovative because it is directed towards secondary prevention, in contrast to the majority of current treatments available for pain problems that are focused in reducing the impact of pain when it is already severe. thus, the objective of darweb is to provide information and teach strategies to children and their parents that help them to cope with pain and prevent pain interference in their daily lives (in the short, medium and long term). with this project, the investigators plan, first, to create a new version of their treatment program (darweb v2) from the results of the pilot study. second, the investigators will test the effects of darweb v2 through a randomized clinical trial with a large sample, and they will assess the short, medium and long term effects. in addition, the investigators want to study which of the variables that are addressed in their intervention are responsible for the potential changes observed. the investigators expect that their treatment program will be effective to reduce pain in the short, medium and long term.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 9 to 15 years * recurrent abdominal pain (abdominal pain at least once at month during a period of three months) * low level of disability exclusion criteria: * identifiable organic cause. * disability preventing them to follow an online intervention. * not having a computer with internet access. * not being able to read in spanish language.

Keywords: online intervention recurrent abdominal pain children
glycemic control and the brain in children with type 1 diabetes

Conditions: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine if improving diabetes control by better controlling blood sugars, will help improve or normalize brain function as compared to routine diabetes care. we will use either the patient's own insulin routine (injections or insulin pumps) or a closed-loop insulin pump (medtronic 670g). this system uses a continuous glucose monitor (cgm) and an insulin pump to automatically give insulin and may improve control of blood sugars.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * be at least 14 and not yet 18 years old * must have been diagnosed with t1d prior to 5 years old but after 6 months * for those diagnosed prior to 1 year of age, a positive blood test for an antibody marker will be required * have been born term or near term (≥34 weeks) and weighed more than≥ 2 kg (4.4lbs) at birth * be in puberty exclusion criteria: * history of intellectual disability, language or learning disability identified before diagnosis of diabetes, or enrollment in a self-contained special education program * add/adhd and/or on stimulant medication * any known genetic or medical problem that could impair brain development * abnormalities of the brain/nervous system, visual or hearing problem * history of seizures not associated with fever before diabetes diagnosis * previous inpatient psychiatric treatment * unable to have a mri of the head due to having metal: including metal ear tubes, full set of braces in mouth (retainer is acceptable), other appliances, or vascular clip

Keywords: insulin pump closed loop brain development pediatric type 1 diabetes mri cognitive development
the effects of different interior decorations in a psychiatric intensive care unit.

Conditions: Mental Disorders

Summary: the purpose of the study is to compare effects of treatment of patients acutely admitted to a psychiatric intensive care unit (picu) with either a sparsely decorated interior or interior decorations like an ordinary, norwegian home.

the picu in østmarka psychiatric department, st. olavs hospital contains 2 identical parts. each part contains 2 beds. the picu had a traditional sparsely decorated interior. in cooperation with architects and the county building authorities one of the parts were redecorated to an interior like an ordinary norwegian home. all patients admitted the the picu were semi-randomized to either traditional or "norwegian home" interior decorations. symptoms, behaviour, and treatment were evaluated at admittance, day 3 and discharge from the picu

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients acutely admitted to the picu, st. olavs hospital, østmarka dep. exclusion criteria: * patients with dementia or mental retardation to an extensive degree. * patients not speaking norwegian or english

Keywords: intensive care units emergency services, psychiatric interior design and furnishings intensive care
a prospective study to evaluate use of the tibion bionic leg in sub-acute post-stroke patients

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: the objective of this clinical study is to examine acute changes in stability, force allocation, work, and mobility from using a wearable, portable, battery-operated robotic orthosis (the tibion bionic leg) in subacute post-stroke persons undergoing lower extremity physical therapy.

samples text.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * single stroke with residual unilateral lower-extremity weakness * subacute post-stroke period (\>3 and \<12 months) * eligible to participate to lower extremity physical therapy * age 40 years or greater * able to ambulate at least 10 meters * able to ambulate without a leg brace * ambulation speed less than 0.8 meters/second * minimum to moderate assist for transfer or ambulation by physical therapist evaluation * subject must understand the nature of the study and provide written informed consent prior to enrollment. * subject must be willing and able to attend all study sessions exclusion criteria: * medically unstable * age younger than 40 years * acute post-stroke (\< 3 months) * chronic post-stroke (\> 12 months) * status-post multiple strokes * status-post traumatic brain injury * ambulation speed greater than 0.8 meters/second * currently using a knee-ankle-foot orthosis (kafo) * not eligible for lower extremity physical therapy * concomitant degenerative neurological conditions * not able to ambulate at least 10 meters without assistance * greater than moderate assist during transfer or ambulation by physical therapist evaluation * unable to ambulate without a leg brace * unable to follow instructions, complete follow-up, or provide informed consent. * currently enrolled in another investigational device or drug trial

Keywords: stroke tibion bionics rehab therapy robotics intention