Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
influence of injection rate of intrathecal mixture of local anesthesia on hypotension in cesarean section

Conditions: Hypotension

Summary: hypotension is the most common complication of neuraxial anesthesia in obstetric patients and its prevalence in cesarean section is about 50-90%. maternal hypotension causes unpleasant symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, loss of consciousness, respiratory depression, and cardiac arrest. hypotension may reduce placental perfusion and result in fetal acidosis and neurological injury. several techniques have been proposed to prevent hypotension. the recommended spinal block height to ensure patient comfort for cesarean delivery is t4-6. clinically, it is desirable that the spread of local anesthetic through the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) achieves a sensory level no higher than the t4 dermatome to avoid extensive sympathetic block. it is also important that the spinal block level be no lower than t6 to avoid patient discomfort during peritoneal manipulation and uterine exteriorization. the effect of injection speed on spread of spinal anesthesia is controversial. several studies have demonstrated more extensive spread with faster injection while others report either greater spread with slower injection, or no difference. slow injection of hyperbaric bupivacaine 10 mg over 60 and 120 sec has been shown to reduce the incidence and severity of hypotension during cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia.

patients admitted to undergo elective c-section under spinal anesthesia will be randomized using the sealed envelope technique to group i who will receive intrathecal injection in a slow speed 1ml in 15 sec and group ii who will receive 1ml in 5 sec. the baseline pulse rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation will be recorded intraoperatively. the presence of preoperative hypotension, nausea and vomiting, and level of block at 5 and 10 mins post intrathecal injection will be assessed .

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with american society of anesthesiology physical status 1 and 2 * and scheduled for elective c-section surgery under spinal anesthesia exclusion criteria: * patients with cardiac and psychological problems * patients who take sedatives or narcotics
effect of shock wave therapy on upper trapezius trigger points in patients with cervicogenic headache.

Conditions: Cervicogenic Headache

Summary: control group will receive us, tens, ir and exercises. the treatment group will receive the same program in addition to shock waves therapy. patients will receive 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks.

control group will receive us, tens, ir and exercises. the treatment group will receive the same program in addition to shock waves therapy. patients will receive 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * fifty patients from both genders. * age ranging from 20 to 40 years. * referred by an orthopedist with a diagnosis of mechanical neck dysfunction (mnd) to physical therapy at the outpatient clinic of the faculty of physical therapy, mti university. exclusion criteria: * all other disorders.

Keywords: shock wave therapy trapezius trigger points cervicogenic headache
exploratory trial of tas-303 in female patients with stress urinary incontinence

Conditions: Stress Urinary Incontinence

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tas-303 in female patients with stress urinary incontinence.

the main purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of tas-303 for 8 weeks in female patients with stress urinary incontinence (sui) compared with placebo as measured by the percent change in incontinence episode frequency (ief) from baseline.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient has symptoms of stress urinary incontinence (sui) for at least 12 weeks prior to study entry * patient has at least 1 incontinence episodes per day, and urinary diurnal frequency of 10 or less per day and nocturia of 2 or less per day. * patient is positive in 1-hour pad weight test exclusion criteria: * patient has predominant or primary urge incontinence according to investigator judgment * patient had a prior surgical sui treatment * patient is diagnosed stageii or more of pelvic organ prolapse * patient has symptoms of urinary tract infection (uti) * patient is positive pregnancy test * patient has on physical examination, neurological and/or vaginal examination results which, in the opinion of the investigator, should exclude the subject.

Keywords: urinary incontinence urinary incontinence, stress lower urinary tract symptoms
empowering patients' lung cancer screening uptake

Conditions: Lung Cancer

Summary: lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related mortality. lung cancer screening (lcs) with low dose computed tomography (ldct) decreases mortality rate of lung cancer by 20%. yet many patients who are eligible for lung cancer screening are still falling through the cracks which prevents patients the ability to detect lung cancer early. this study will test the effect of a a multi-level intervention on ordering ldct within 6 months after patient enrollment. our proposed intervention includes (1) primary care provider notifications of patients' lcs eligibility; (2) patients' education ; (3) patients' referral to financial navigation resources; and (4) patients' reminder to discuss lcs during pcp visit.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. aged 50- 80 years of age. 2. be able to speak english, spanish, or vietnamese 3. must have a scheduled appointment with their primary care providers within next one to three months. 4. the scheduled pcp appointment is at any of the uci health primary care clinics in orange county including two uci federally qualified health centers 5. history of 20 pack year smoking history ( based on survey self report) 6. current smoker or a former smoker who has quit smoking within the last 15 years (based on survey self report) exclusion criteria: 1. prior history of lung cancer 2. chest ct for any reason in the last 12 months based on self-report and uci emr 3. history of alzheimer's disease or dementia
do hydrophilic catheters decrease pain and discomfort of a patient during urodynamic study

Conditions: Pain; Discomfort

Summary: this study attempts to verify whether different types of catheters could impact on patients' feelings at the first-time catheter insertion at urodynamic study. each patient will undergo an insertion of only one type of a catheter and will rate his/her pain and discomfort feelings.

urodynamic study usually starts with non-invasive uroflowmetry following by insertion of a urethral catheter (nelathon or tiemann tip) for measuring of post-void residual of urine. insertion of a urethral catheter is usually accompanied by a discomfort and sometimes even a pain. in order to minimize these unpleasant feelings urodynamic technician uses gel with anesthetic agents. single-use sterile catheters without any equipment and no coating can be used with lubricants and nowadays are the standard equipment at urodynamic study. non-coated standard catheters are widely considered in the literature to cause an increase in urethral irritation, poor patient satisfaction, increased bacteriuria, and long-term urethral complications. single-use sterile catheters with hydrophilic coatings, ready-to-use solution, with gel on the surface of the catheter or gel in the wrapping. hydrophilic-coated catheters are characterized by having a layer of polymer coating, which absorbs and binds water to the catheter up to 10 times its own weight. this results in a thick, smooth and slippery surface reducing friction between the catheter surface and the urethral mucosa during insertion. the coating layer remains intact upon introduction into the urethra and ensures lubrication of the urethra in its entire length. coloplast speedicath hydrophylic catheters are designed for single use and are pre-coated to allow ease of insertion and removal, thereby reducing the risk of urethral mucosal irritation that can be more prevalent in an non-coated product. up today, there are no studies to verify whether a patient has different feelings with different type of catheters during the first-time urethral cauterization at urodynamic study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. male and female patients 2. age 18 and above 3. scheduled and consented for urodynamic study 4. able to sign an informed consent and agree to be included to a study. exclusion criteria: 1. indwelling catheter 2. use of pain killers in 24 hours prior to urodynamic study 3. persistent abdominal, perineal or pelvic pain or discomfort prior to a study 4. prior or suspected urethral stricture 5. urinary tract infection 6. positive asymptomatic urine culture prior to urodynamic study 7. scheduled for a transurethral cystoscopic examination at the same day

Keywords: pain discomfort hydrophylic catheter urodynamic study
evaluation of safety and pharmacokinetics of single doses of vby-376 in healthy adults

Conditions: Chronic Hepatitis C Infection

Summary: the study will evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of single doses of vby-376 in healthy subjects.

single dose escalation study of 5 dose levels of vby-376. eight subjects per group will receive one dose of vby-376 then have multiple blood draws for pharmacokinetic evaluation and followed for safety with laboratory evaluations, ecg's, vital signs, and adverse events. safety data will be reviewed before proceeding to the next dose.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males and females between 18 and 45 years of age * screening body mass index between 20 and 29 kg/m2 * in good health with no clinically significant medical conditions * able to comprehend and willing to sign an informed consent exclusion criteria: * history of renal, hepatic impairment, stomach or intestinal surgery or resection, malabsorption syndrome * anemia or blood donation within 8 weeks of check-in * plasma donation within 4 weeks of check-in * history of alcoholism or drug addiction within 1 year prior to check-in * use of drugs of abuse * no tobacco-containing products within 6 months of study * participation of any clinical trial within 30 days * history or presence of abnormal ecg * no prescription or over-the-counter medications within 14 days of study and during the study * history of gilbert's syndrome

Keywords: vby-376 hepatitis c pharmacokinetics safety
sleep well 24 (swell24) healthy sleep-wake behaviors in older adults

Conditions: Insomnia Disorder

Summary: to finalize daytime intervention components for a comprehensive sleep-wake intervention for frail older adults and explore feasibility and acceptability using a pilot trial.

an enhanced intervention addressing both nighttime and daytime activities will be developed based on prior evidence and further informed by data. a successive cohort design will be utilized to evaluate and refine key intervention components and gather feedback on older adults' experiences.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 65 or over * one or more outpatient primary care visits to wake forest baptist health in the prior 12 months * meets diagnostic criteria for insomnia disorder * less than 30 minutes of daily activity or less than 150 minutes total weekly activity for one month or longer, as reported on brief telephone screener * able to ambulate safely (with or without an assistive device) * able to follow study directions * able to communicate and follow study instructions * english speaking exclusion criteria: * untreated organic sleep disorder (e.g., central or obstructive sleep apnea, restless leg syndrome) * serious or unstable medical or psychiatric condition that would prevent participation in a behavioral intervention (e.g., terminal illness, uncontrolled psychiatric disorder, substance abuse disorder) * lack of decision-making capacity, as documented in medical record * referred to institutional care and/or currently residing in a nursing home or other residential facility

Keywords: sleep-wake patterns poor sleep
resistant starch, antioxidant status and insulin resistance

Conditions: Overweight; Obesity

Summary: the aim of this study is to evaluate whether supplementation with resistant starch improves biomarkers associated with antioxidant status and insulin resistance in subjects with overweight and obesity.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * overweight and obese adults * age: 20-50 years exclusion criteria: * weight loss or gain (more than10%) over the past 6 months, or weight loss (more than 5%) over the past 1 month * pregnancy, lactation or menopause * history of acute disease or clinical evidence of cancer, acute or chronic inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular disease, renal disease, liver disease, thyroid or endocrine disease * gastrointestinal disease of which ingredients found in the study products have adverse effects on that * use of antihypertensive, lipid lowering or glucose lowering medications * taking antioxidant, vitamin, and/or mineral supplements * smoking

Keywords: resistant starch antioxidant status insulin resistance overweight obesity
lci (linked color imaging) for adenoma detection in the right colon

Conditions: Adenoma Colon Polyp

Summary: although colonoscopy with polypectomy can prevent up to 80% of colorectal cancers, a significant adenoma miss rate still exists, particularly in the right colon. optimizing the detection of adenomas and sessile serrated lesions in the right colon is crucial to increase the effectiveness of colonoscopy in colorectal cancer prevention. last generation fuji videocolonscopes incorporates the linked color imaging (lci), a recently developed technology that differentiates the red colour spectrum more effectively than white light imaging thanks to its optimal pre-process composition of light spectrum and advanced signal processing. the increased colour contrast results in more accurate delineation of abnormal inflammatory or neoplastic findings of colonic mucosa. preliminary data suggest that lci may be improve the detection of neoplastic lesion of colon. the investigators performe a tandem prospective study to compare the right colon adenoma miss rates of lci colonoscopy with those of conventional white light colonoscopy. therefore participants scheduled for colonoscopy for the assessment of symptoms or for colorectal cancer screening/surveillance receive the examination of the right colon twice, in a back to back fashion, with standard white light (wl) and with lci. patients are randomly assigned (1:1), via computer-generated randomisation with block size of 20, to which procedure is done first. the endoscopist are masked to group allocation until immediately before the cecum is reached. examinations are performed with fuji videocolonscopes series 700 (ec-760r, ec-760zp).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all outpatients referred for colonoscopy exclusion criteria: * inadequatete bowel preparation (boston bowel preparation scale (bbps) \< 2 in one colonic segment) * previous colonic resection * inflammatory bowel disease * ereditary polyposic syndromes * patients on antithrombotics precluding polyp recetion * absence of informed consent * inpatients or patients undergoing urgent colonscopy
impact of a brief motivational interview on drinking behaviors of at risk drinkers screened in the emergency room

Conditions: Alcohol Abuse

Summary: alcohol abuse is associated with injury, chronic illness, absenteeism from work, and social costs to families and communities. the goal of this project is to translate motivational interventions successful in the primary care setting to the emergency department (ed) environment by implementing screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment (sbirt) in order to reduce at-risk drinking among ed patients.

to evaluate the effectiveness of sbirt in the emergency room setting, ed patients meeting niaaa criteria for high risk drinking were recruited from 14 sites nationwide (control group-spring, 2004; intervention group-summer, 2004). 26% of screened ed patients met inclusion criteria. all enrollees received a list of local referral resources. intervention group patients also participated in a 15 minute negotiated interview and ed staff referred them directly for treatment if indicated. enrollees completed 3-month follow-up surveys with a telephone interactive voice response (ivr) system. a total of 1137 patients were enrolled across 14 sites (561 intervention, 576 control), with 62% male, 37% black, and 38% white, and a mean age of 37. at baseline intervention-i and control-c groups were similar in demographic characteristics and number of drinks on a typical day (mean-i 5.00, mean-c 5.12) and maximum drinks on a given day in the past month (mean-i 7.51, mean-c 7.33). the 3 month follow-up rate was 62% (n=687); the 6 month follow-up rate was 52% (n=567). the 12 month follow up is currently underway.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18+ * communication in english or spanish * met niaaa criteria for "at-risk drinking": * for men: 15 or more drinks/week, or 5 or more drinks on a single occasion * for women: 8 or more drinks/week, or 4 or more drinks on a single occasion * age 65 or over: 8 or more drinks/week or more than 1 drink per day exclusion criteria: * requests detox or already in alcohol treatment program * abnormal mental status * too ill to give consent * unable to provide consent for other reasons * suicidal * employee or student of site institution (where required) * prisoner * inability to follow up

Keywords: alcohol abuse harm reduction motivational interviewing emergency department risky drinking prevention
precision medical diagnosis and acupuncture treatment for parkinson's disease

Conditions: Parkinson Disease

Summary: this study integrates traditional chinese medicine syndromes and pulse diagnosis, and uses laser vibration overlay and functional cerebral angiography to understand the efficacy of scalp acupuncture against parkinson's disease.

traditional chinese medicine does not have the term " parkinson's disease". according to the symptoms of the disease, it is closer to the "liver wind", "vibration" and "chatter" in chinese medicine. scalp needle stimulation can increase the content of dopamine in the brain and improve mitochondrial function and reduce the death of substantia nigra. this study integrates tcm syndromes and pulse diagnosis, and uses laser vibration overlay and functional brain image to understand the effect of scalp acupuncture on parkinson's disease. the project will be carried out in two phases: the first phase is the pilot study, and 200 patients with limb shakes were collected from the neurology clinic. after the laser vibration overlay test, 20 patients with mild tremors and diagnosed as parkinson's disease were selected. , treated by wen's scalp acupuncture. in the second phase, 80 parkinson patients were enrolled, randomized to the treatment group and the control group, and the changes in tcm syndrome, pulse diagnosis and parkinson scale were compared before and after treatment, and the fmri and vibration overlay ratios were evaluated after scalp acupuncture.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. diagnosed as idiopathic parkinsonism by neurologist 2. have taken first line drugs more than three months 3. did not take any acupuncture or rehabilitation 4. voluntary exclusion criteria: 1. taking anticancer drug now or diagnosed as depression, psychosis or other mental illnesses 2. medical history of stroke or dementia 3. taking anticoagulant now or having coagulation disorders 4. scalp infection 5. pregnant women 6. patient with irregular heartbeat, implanted artificial cardiac pacemaker or implanted cardioverter-defibrillator 7. belonephobia
menopause is a critical factor in determining failure of antiviral therapy in women with chronic hepatitis c

Conditions: Chronic Hepatitis C

Summary: menopause represents a critical period in a woman's life as the hormonal changes and the failing ovarian function not only determine relevant modifications in the reproductive function but also in many other conditions and organs that apparently are scarcely linked with hormones. the pi's centre has among its main goals the treatment of chronic liver disease; in the last years, a increasing interest in gender-related issues has grown. goal of this study is to verify the impact of menopause on response to antiviral therapy for chc and in determining more severe fibrosis in comparison with age-matched men. to achieve this goal a database of all the peg ifn/ribavirin patients treated in the gi unit of the university of modena and reggio emilia in the last 7 years will be set up. demographic, clinical and biochemical data as well data regarding the reproductive history, time, type, length of estrogen deprivation and of hormone-replacement therapy will be collected.

the study is designed retrospective epidemiological cohort study. overall, a group of 442 women (168 still in fertile age; 274 menopausal) with hcv-positive cah who underwent peg ifn treatment in the last 5 years will be evaluated. for comparison, a group of 548 hcv-positive males with cah will be evaluated. liver biopsies before undergoing standard antiviral therapy will be scored for fibrosis, inflammation and steatosis. in women the presence, type and timing of menopause, associated hormonal/metabolic features and serum interleukin-6 (il-6) and hepatic tumor necrosis factor-α (tnf-α) levels will be evaluated. the primary endpoint will be evaluation of svr in females (in fertile and menopausal age) and in males.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all women treated for hcv chronic hepatitis, at the unit gastroenterology, university of modena and reggio emilia, in the last 7 years. * control group is a cohort matched for age (ratio 1:1) selected from a group of 558 men with chronic hcv treated in the same period exclusion criteria: * no exclusion criteria aret pre-defined as the study includes all patients who were treated for chronic hcv hepatitis; exclusion was made upstream of the constitution of this cohort.

Keywords: hepatitis c gender menopause sustained viral response cytokines
ultrasound-guided versus anatomically guided botulinum toxin injection in spasticity in adults in tanta university hospitals

Conditions: Ultrasound; Botulinum Toxin; Spasticity; Adults

Summary: this study aimed to compare the safety and outcome of ultrasound (us)- guided botulinum toxin (bont) injection and anatomically guided injection in muscle spasticity of different causes in adults.

one of the major complications of neurological diseases is spasticity which is defined as an increased velocity-dependent muscle tone. a large volume of clinical data has demonstrated the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type a (bont-a) products for treating conditions such as spasticity.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \> 18 years old. * both sexes. * patients with muscle spasticity. exclusion criteria: - patients with contraindications to botulinum toxin injection as allergy, myasthenia gravis, and cerebral palsy.