Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
efficacy of artimist™ in children

Conditions: Falciparum Malaria

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of artemether sublingual spray (artimist™) with intravenous quinine in children with severe or complicated falciparum malaria, or children with uncomplicated malaria with gastrointestinal complications.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. the patient's parent or attendant relative has provided informed consent and the patient has assented (where relevant) to participation in the trial 2. the patient is a child that weighs between 5 and 15 kg (kilogram) 3. the patient has falciparum malaria as evidenced by 1. thick or thin blood smears of \> 500 p falciparum per mcl (microlitre)(patients with mixed infections may be included provided \>500 p falciparum /mcl) and /or 2. positive rdt (rapid diagnostic test)for malaria 4. the patient has either 1. severe or complicated malaria as determined by the investigator based on the who criteria for severity, or 2. the patient has uncomplicated malaria but is unable to tolerate oral medication as a result of gastrointestinal complications such as vomiting or diarrhoea. exclusion criteria: 1. attending relative or parent does not provide informed consent for participation, or the child if capable does not assent to participation in the trial. 2. ability to tolerate oral therapy 3. patient has received any treatment with an artemisinin or quinine in the last 24 hours 4. patient has evidence of significant co-infections (this does not include mixed plasmodium infections). 5. patient is allergic or intolerant to artemisinins.

Keywords: plasmodium infections remittent fever artemether artemisinins quinine malaria protozoan infections anti-infective agents antiprotozoal agents schistosomicides pharmacologic actions malaria, falciparum antimalarials antiparasitic agents parasitic diseases sublingual
combined tdcs+pns after acute stroke

Conditions: Acute Ischaemic Stroke

Summary: recent work showed that application of peripheral nerve and cortical stimulation independently can induce 10-15 % improvement in motor performance in patients with chronic stroke. the purpose of this study was to compare in post-stroke hemiplegic patients the effect on motor recovery of one session of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation to the ipsilesional primary motor cortex (m1) combined with a peripheral radial nerve electrical stimulation (repns) to the paretic hand repeated 5 successive days with the effect of the same peripheral nerve stimulation combined with sham tdcs. design: randomized, double-blind, parallel controlled clinical trial. patients eligible for the study: acute ischaemic stroke primary outcome measure: jebsen taylor test secondary outcome measures nine peg hole test hand tapping grip and wrist force cortical excitability of ipsilesional m1(tms) follow-up: 30 days


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - first -ever ischemic stroke within 5-30 days a paresis of the arm/hand with nihss \<15 age 35-85 years exclusion criteria: pregnancy psychiatric disease patients with history of alcohol or drug abuse or severe depression patients with a severe language disturbances, particularly of receptive nature patients with increased intracranial pressure or serious cardiac disease patients with contraindication to tms

Keywords: stroke rehabilitation transcranial direct current stimulation nerve stimulation
tranexamic acid and pediatric adenotonsillectomy

Conditions: Tonsillectomy; Adenoidectomy; Tranexamic Acid

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine if the use of tranexamic acid prior adenotonsillectomy in children can reduce surgical and postoperative bleeding.

tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy is the most common major surgical procedure performed in children. although it's a relatively simple procedure, may present complications as hemorrhage and death. the mortality associated to the surgery range between 1/1.000 and 1/27.000 in the literature, with approximately 30% due to hemorrhage. tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic hemostatic indicated to control bleeding in cases of hyperfibrinolysis or defective hemostasis diseases. it's major indications are prostatic surgery and menorrhagia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children with 4 to 12 years * adenotonsillar hypertrophy * indication of adenotonsillectomy exclusion criteria: * patients with blood dyscrasia * patients with history of bleeding of difficult control or spontaneous hematoma * patients with coagulation tests altered * patients with evidence of hematopoietic, cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, neurologic, psychiatric or auto immune disease

Keywords: adenotonsillectomy tranexamic acid blood loss postoperative hemorrhage
combined therapy with myo-inositol and alpha-lipoic acid in pcos women

Conditions: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Menstrual Pattern; Hyperandrogenism; Metabolic Features

Summary: the aim of our study is to investigate the effects of a combined treatment of alpha-lipoic acid and myoinositol on clinical, endocrine and metabolic features of women affected by pcos. the study group included 40 patients treated with a combined therapy of alpha-lipoic acid (800 mg), myoinositol (2000 mg) and folic acid (400 mcg) daily for six months. the investigation includes menstrual pattern, hirsutism score, hormonal assays, oral glucose tolerance test, lipidic profile at baseline and after six months of treatment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women with pcos in accordance with rotterdam criteria exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * past history of cardiovascular disease, * diabetes mellitus (or impaired glucose tolerance as determined by a standard 75 g oral glucose tolerance test), * hypertension, * significant liver or renal impairment, * other hormonal dysfunction (hypothalamic, pituitary, thyroidal or adrenal causes for the clinical signs), * neoplasms, * unstable mental illness.
pharmacologic modulation of hippocampal activity in psychosis

Conditions: Schizophrenia; Psychosis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to test whether administration of levetiracetam (lev), a commonly used anti-epileptic that alters neurotransmitter release, can reduce hippocampal hyperactivity. specifically, we will utilize two functional magnetic resonance imaging (mri) techniques: 1) blood oxygen level dependence (bold) contrast will assess activity with a visual scene processing task that engages the anterior hippocampus and 2) arterial spin labeling (asl) will assess baseline activity. this study will also assess whether patients have improvement in their symptoms after receiving lev. previous studies in people with psychotic disorders have shown that the hippocampus is hyperactive and more activity correlates with worsening of clinical symptoms. therefore, the aim of this study is to use an intervention to further understand the underlying mechanisms of the hippocampus in psychosis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria for psychosis subjects: 1. men and women age 18 - 65. 2. communicative in english. 3. provide voluntary, written informed consent. 4. physically healthy by medical history. 5. bmi \> 17.5 and \< 45. 6. diagnosis of a psychotic disorder confirmed by structured clinical interview for dsm-v (scid) or diagnostic interview with a trained clinician. 7. stable medication regimen over at least the past two weeks, including the use of either an oral or intramuscular administration of an antipsychotic medication. 8. for females, no longer of child-bearing potential, or agreeing to practice effective contraception during the study; and, 9. for females of child-bearing potential, must have negative urine pregnancy test at time of screening visit and before each testing day. 10. not breastfeeding/nursing at time of screening or at any time during the study. inclusion criteria for healthy controls all of the above except for subjects will be psychiatrically healthy and not taking psychotropic or potentially psychoactive prescription medication. exclusion criteria for psychosis subjects 1. age less than 18 or greater than 65. 2. not communicative in english. 3. unable to provide written informed consent. 4. current medical or neurological illness. 5. history of severe head trauma. 6. bmi \ 45. 7. meets criteria for diagnosis of substance or alcohol use disorder within the past month. 8. positive urine pregnancy test at time of screening, before each testing day, or any potential concern for pregnancy at any time during the study. 9. breastfeeding/nursing at time of screening or at any time during the study. 10. conditions that preclude mr scanning 11. conditions that preclude study drug administration exclusion criteria for healthy controls all of the above and in addition: 1. current use of psychotropic or potentially psychoactive prescription medication. 2. major psychiatric disorder as determined by dsm-v (major depression, bipolar disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, etc)

Keywords: hippocampus
patient and physician attitudes about informed consent for emergency department (ed) computerized axial tomography (ct) scans

Conditions: Attitudes About CT Utilization

Summary: hypothesis: the majority of emergency physicians and patients do not feel that specific informed consent should be obtained for ed ct scans. secondary hypothesis: emergency attending physicians and residents will have similar attitudes about ct scan consent issues. physician attitudes toward obtaining consent for ct scans will change after an educational program about the associated risks.

ed residents and ed attendings who attend grand rounds will be given a survey and asked to anonymously complete the first portion before grand rounds (figure 1, example a). the first portion will assess basic demographics, ct ordering patterns and experiences, and attitudes about informed consent. they will be provided with an educational program at grand rounds that reviews current literature relevant to ct utilization and consent issues. after the lecture they will be asked to complete the second section of the survey (figure 1, example b). both portions of the survey will be simultaneously returned in a sealed envelope and placed in a collection box at grand rounds. ed attendings who do not attend grand rounds will only be asked to complete the first portion of the survey (figure 1, example a). resident or attending consent to participate will not be coerced, and participation will be implied by completion of the survey.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * current ed resident and attending physicians * an ed patient (or their surrogate) that is able to understand and respond in writing to the questions given. exclusion criteria: * anyone who declines to participate. * an ed patient who is not able to understand questions or respond in writing to the questions given (and does not have a surrogate that understands questions and respond in writing to the questions given).

Keywords: ct utilization physician attitudes
xperience™ vs normal saline irrigation solution for decreasing bioburden after primary total hip and knee arthroplasty

Conditions: Total Knee Replacement Surgery; Total Hip Replacement Surgery

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of xperience, a no rinse antimicrobial solution, on joint infection rates in patients undergoing total hip (tha) and total knee (tka) arthoplasty surgery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * scheduled to undergo primary total hip (via direct anterior approach, press-fit components) or total knee arthroplasty (via manual approach, cemented components). * willing to comply with all study-related procedures and be available for the duration of the study. * provide signed and dated informed consent. exclusion criteria: * unable to provide signed and dated informed consent. * unwilling or unable to comply with all study-related procedures. * known history of sensitivity or allergic reaction to any of the study products or its components, including any products used for standard of care (such as dressings or any coverings). * has underlying condition or state that, in the 'investigator's opinion, would make them too critically ill to complete the day 90 postoperative follow ups. * pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or nursing female subjects. * subject with any mental impairment or condition that would make them unable to properly consent without use of lar or additional subject protections. * subject is a prisoner and/or part of a vulnerable subject population, which necessitates additional human research subject protections beyond the scope of this protocol. * subject with an active infection or systemic antibiotic therapy within 2 weeks prior to surgery with the exception of preoperative antimicrobial prophylaxis.
rtms in alleviating pain and co-morbid symptoms in gulf war veterans illness (gwvi)

Conditions: Gulf War Illness; Depression

Summary: this study aims to look at the effectiveness of using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rtms) in relieving pain and other co-morbid symptoms of gulf war illness.

headaches (ha), muscle and joint pain, are some of the most common debilitating symptoms in military personnel served in the 1990-1991 persian gulf war (gw1). migraine like ha and diffuse body pain were detected in 64% of gulf war veteran (gwv) diagnosed with gulf war illness (gwi). likewise, depression carries a very high co-morbid rate (50%) in patients with chronic pain, and in gwv with gwi related chronic ha and body muscle and joint pain conditions (gwi-hap). unfortunately, conventional pharmacological treatments for gwi-related pain has not been shown to be effective and drugs such as narcotics contain many long term untoward psychosomatic and abusive side effects. this study is assessing the effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rtms), non-invasive treatment option, in alleviating pain and other co-morbid symptoms of gwi.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female under 65 years of age who served in the military for at least 30 consecutive days between august 1, 1990, and july 31, 1991 in the persian gulf war region * cdc criteria for gwvi (gwi) * kansas criteria for gwvi (gwi) * international headache society criteria for migraine headache without aura * average overall daily muscle pain intensity \>3 on 0-10 a nps * average overall daily extremities joint pain intensity \>3 on 0-10 a nps * headache exacerbation/attack once a week with the average intensity \>3 on a 0-10 nps, lasting \> 1 hour in the past three months * hamilton rating scale of depression (hrsd) greater than or equal to 14 based on the sum of scores for the first 17 items exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * history of pacemaker implant * any ferromagnetic (e.g. bullet fragment, shrapnel, device implant) in the brain or body that will prohibit the patients from having a brain mri * history of dementia, major psychiatric diseases, or life-threatening diseases * presence of any other chronic neuropathic pain states such as complex regional pain syndrome or painful peripheral neuropathy * history of seizure * pending litigation * low back pain with mechanical origins such as lumbar radiculopathy or radiculitis or lumbar facet arthropathy * lack of ability to understand the experimental protocol and to adequately communicate in english * history of traumatic brain injury * chronic tension or cluster headache * ongoing cognitive rehabilitation or treatment of ptsd

Keywords: rtms transcranial magnetic stimulation gulf war illness depression
a phase 2b study to examine the safety and efficacy of once-weekly met097 in adults with obesity or overweight

Conditions: Obesity; Overweight or Obesity

Summary: this study is designed to test how well met097, an active drug, works to treat individuals with obesity or overweight when compared to placebo. met097 or placebo will be given to individuals weekly for 28 weeks. if an individual is assigned to met097 they will receive one of four different dose levels.

this is a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to investigate the efficacy and safety of four different dose levels of met097 vs. placebo for body weight loss in adult participants with obesity or overweight (body mass index \[bmi\] 27 to 50 kg/m2, aged 18 to 70), after 28 weeks with once weekly dosing. all participants will be followed for 11 weeks (\~5 half-lives) after administration of the last weekly dose for safety.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * body mass index (bmi) at screening of: * bmi ≥30 kg/m2 and ≤50.0 kg/m2 (can have the weight-related co-morbidities listed below) * bmi ≥27.0 kg/m2 to \<30.0 kg/m2 with at least one of the following weight-related co-morbidities: 1. hypertension: on blood pressure (bp)-lowering medication or having systolic bp ≥130 mmhg or diastolic bp ≥80 mmhg at screening 2. dyslipidemia: on lipid-lowering medication or having low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-c) ≥160 mg/dl (4.1 mmol/l) or triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl (1.7 mmol/l), or high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (hdl-c) \<40 mg/dl (1.0 mmol/l) for men or hdl-c \<50 mg/dl (1.3 mmol/l) for women at screening stable body weight (increase or decrease ≤5 kg) within 3 months prior to screening exclusion criteria: * diagnosis of diabetes (t1dm or t2dm) or glycated hemoglobin a1c (hba1c) ≥ 6.5% or fasting plasma glucose \>125 mg/dl. * estimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) \<75 ml/min/1.73 m2 * history of pancreatitis * family or personal history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (mtc) or multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 (men-2) * history of significant active or unstable major depressive disorder (mdd) or other severe psychiatric disorder within the last 2 years * any lifetime history of a suicide attempt.

Keywords: overweight glp-1
effect of different local anesthetic volumes of serratus anterior plan block after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery

Conditions: Serratus Anterior Plane Block; Pain, Postoperative; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted; Local Anesthetic

Summary: video-assisted thoracic surgery (vats) has become a common procedure in thoracic surgery. severe postoperative pain may be encountered in patients undergoing vats. analgesic methods such as thoracic paravertebral block (tpvb), intercostal block, serratus anterior plane block (sapb), and erector spinae plane block (espb) are widely used for vats. among these methods, ultrasound (us) guided tpvb is the most preferred method. in recent years, the frequency of application of plane blocks as a component of multimodal analgesia has been increased. espb and sapb are some of them. in addition, sapb application is increasing in patients who underwent thoracotomy and vats. there is no consensus on the dose of analgesia in these studies. there are studies on volumes between 10 ml and 40 ml in the literature. in this study, it was aimed to compare the volumes of 20 ml and 30 ml containing local anesthetic at the same concentration (0.25% bupivacaine) of sapb block to be performed with usg in patients who underwent vats.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 to 65 years old * asa physical status i-ii-iii * bmi 18 to 30 kg/m2 * elective video assisted thoracoscopic surgery exclusion criteria: * patient refusing the procedure * emergency surgery * chronic opioid or analgesic use
calorie restriction, protein supplementation and metabolic health

Conditions: Obesity; Menopause; Osteoporosis; Sarcopenia

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether consuming additional protein during calorie restriction induced weight loss has beneficial or harmful effects on multi-organ (liver, muscle, adipose tissue) insulin sensitivity, colonocyte proliferation rates, the gut microbiome, muscle mass and function, and bone mineral density in obese, postmenopausal women.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * obese with body mass index (bmi) between 30 and 50 kg/m2 * postmenopausal * sedentary (i.e., less than 1.5 hours of exercise per week) exclusion criteria: * individuals with diabetes and/or uncontrolled hypertension * individuals with hepatitis b and/or c * individuals who smoke * individuals with an allergy to whey protein
effects of a peripheral nerve block on biomarkers of pain and inflammation

Conditions: Pain

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of a local anesthetic nerve block on markers of inflammation and pain after a sunburn. this is important because it may provide information regarding the way that nerve blocks help with the treatment of pain and in particular provide preemptive analgesia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria:1. between 18 and 50 years of age 2. fluent in english language 3. provide written informed consent 4. skin pigmentation type ii or iii\&#xa; exclusion criteria:1. current use of prescription drugs interfering with study objective 2. use of over-the-counter analgesic/anti-inflammatory drugs within 48h of study participation 3. current acute or chronic pain conditions 4. significant medical conditions including psychiatric, neurological, and dermatological diseases 5. pregnancy 6. allergies to study drug(s) 7. concomitant participation in other study protocol