Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
lidocaine-prilocaine cream (emla) topical application versus wound infiltration with lidocaine after cesarean section

Conditions: Post Operative Pain

Summary: a comparison between lidocaine-prilocaine cream (emla) application and wound infiltration with lidocaine for post caesarean section pain relief : a randomized controlled trial.

the purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of topically applied lidocaine-prilocaine (emla) cream with local anesthetic (lidocaine) infiltration on post-cesarean section pain. research question: is lidocaine-prilocaine (emla) cream application effective as compared to local anesthetic (lidocaine) infiltration on post-caesarean section pain? research hypothesis: lidocaine-prilocaine (emla) cream application is effective in post_caesarean section pain as compared to local anesthetic (lidocaine) infiltration. clinical application : topical lidocaine-prilocaine (emla) cream could be applied frequent times postoperatively, unlike infiltration with local anesthetic.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age between 18 and 40 years. 2. patient american society of anesthesiologists physical status і or п. 3. gestational age of pregnancy of 37w or more. 4. patient have no previous section or have 1or 2 previous sections. 5. patient having no medical disorders. 6. patient with no obstetrical complications. exclusion criteria: 1. age below18 or above 40. 2. women american society of anesthesiologists physical status ш or more. 3. women having more than 2 previous cesarean section. 4. women receive cardio vascular drugs or having history of cardio vascular disease. 5. women with medical disorders with pregnancy as diabetes milletus. 6. women having obstetrical complications as antepartum hemorrhage, pre-eclampsia or eclampsia. 7. women having metabolic, hormonal, respiratory, renal and hepatic disease. 8. women with any severe allergic condition or severe asthma. 9. mental condition rendering the patients unable to understand the nature, scope and possible consequences of the study.

Keywords: emla cream lidocaine infilteration pain relief
cohort study in south china

Conditions: Chronic Disease

Summary: healthy chinese residents from south china will be recruited and followed up for at least 4 years to evaluate the association between climate, diet and lifestyle and risks for the development of chronic diseases. physical examination, questionnaire survey and biological sample collection will be conducted at baseline and the incidence of chronic diseases will be investigated during follow-up.

110,000 adult chinese (35 to 74 years old) without chronic diseases and major disability who have been living in south china including guangdong, fujian, guangxi and hainan for more than 5 years will be recruited. all participants will be prospectively followed up for the incidence of chronic diseases (stroke, coronary heart disease, malignant neoplasms, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, diabetes and hypertension) and their risk factors (impaired glucose tolerance and obesity). information about socio-demographic, diet, lifestyle, psychological status, medical history and current medication will be collected by questionnaires. physical examinations including height, weight, waist and hip circumferences, blood pressure, fat mass and vital capacity will be conducted. besides, blood, urine and fecal samples will be collected for further analysis. annual meteorological data throughout the study period will also be collected. the associations between climate, diet and lifestyle and risks for chronic diseases will be evaluated.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult chinese (35-74 years old) who have been living in south china including guangdong, fujian, guangxi and hainan provinces for more than 5 years. exclusion criteria: * any subject diagnosed with stroke, coronary heart disease, malignancy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes and hypertension. * any subject who suffer from major disability and cannot participate in the study.
healthy growth abbreviated pilot study

Conditions: Childhood Obesity

Summary: this is a single-group feasibility pilot trial of a peer-based, social media intervention to prevent obesity in infants.

this novel intervention, delivered to mothers primarily through private facebook groups, will promote behavior change through peer and self-modeling photo/video activities. in this study, we will implement an abbreviated 2-month version of the intervention with a single peer group of up to 10 mothers. we will assess the feasibility and acceptability of both the intervention and our intended outcome measures, in preparation for a randomized pilot trial of the full intervention.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women age 18 years and older * enrolled in medicaid at the time of study enrollment * overweight or obese (bmi \>= 25, calculated using self-reported pre-pregnancy height and weight) * subjects able to speak, read and write in english * attend their infant's (up to 1 month old) primary care visit at a chop primary care network site * received prenatal care * own a smartphone with both a data and text plan * able to use their phone to obtain photographs and videos prior to enrollment exclusion criteria: * cannot provide consent. * non-english speaking. * score 10 or greater on patient health questionnaire (phq-9) measure for clinical depression * diagnosed with gestational diabetes during pregnancy with their newborn * had a multiple pregnancy. * premature delivery (before 37 weeks) of their newborn. * have a newborn who was hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) for one week or longer.

Keywords: infants mothers social media obesity prevention
effect of green tea extract on type 2 diabetes

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes

Summary: the purpose of this study is to examine the effect of green tea extract (gte) on type 2 diabetes and to explore the relationship between gte and related hormone peptides.

green tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world. it is believed to have beneficial effects in prevention and treatment of many diseases, one of which is anti-obesity and anti-diabetes. the benefit effects of green tea are mainly attributed to its polyphenol content, especially the most abundant one-epigallocatechin gallate (egcg), which might inhibit adipocyte proliferation and differentiation in vitro studies we hypothesized that gte would improve insulin resistance in type 2 overweight diabetes and related hormone peptides will be influenced. thus, we conducted this randomized clinical trial to examine the effect of gte on type 2 diabetes and to explore the relationship between gte and related hormone peptides.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * type 2 diabetes * body mass index \>25 kg/mm * aged between 20 and 65 years * being chinese exclusion criteria: * aminotransferases aspartate or aminotransferases alanine \> 80 iu/l, serum creatinine \> 2.0 mg/dl, * prolating or pregnant women, and patients with heart failure, acute myocardiac infarct, stroke and heavy injuries, and * any other conditions not suitable for trial as evaluated by the physician.

Keywords: type 2 diabetes green tea extract overweight
epidemiology of non-syndromic dominant deafness

Conditions: Hearing Impairment

Summary: hearing impairment is a common disorder that affects at least 7% of individuals in our countries. even the causes of hearing impairment are numerous, genetic causes represent the main factor of sensorineural deafness. among hereditary non-syndromic deafness autosomal-dominant inheritance is observed in about 10-20% of the cases. these forms of deafness are usually post-lingual and progressive. to date more than 41 chromosomal localisation and 21 genes associated to non syndromic dominant deafness have been described. it represents an extreme genetic heterogeneity making difficult the studies of these forms of hearing impairment. but, genetic diagnostic testing is crucial in these cases. indeed, therapeutic research are in the way to prevent the progression of the disorder. the aim of this work is to establish the prevalence of the different genes involved in these forms of deafness.

the protocol consists first in the recruitment of 150 families with non syndromic dominant hearing impairment. the families will be recruited by the clinical investigators. the clinic and radiological characteristics of the hearing impairment will be collected by the clinical investigators. samples of patients and healthy relatives will be sent to the referral center. a linkage study of the whole genome by snp studies is in progress in a cohort of large families affected by autosomal dominant deafness. this work will enable us to select the loci that may be frequently implicated in our population and screen these genes in the 150 families included in the protocol.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \> 4 years. * patient presenting familial dominant non syndromic hearing loss starting between 4 and 40 years old, over 2 generations * healthy volunteer from the same families * clinical and paraclinical assessment (genetic and ophthalmologic examination, audiometric tests, inner ear ct scan) * affiliated to the national health insurance benefit * signature of informed consent form exclusion criteria: * hearing loss resulting from an extrinsic reason or an associated syndrome * defective or insufficient samples * no or insufficient clinical and biological description * no informed consent form

Keywords: autosomal dominant inheritance mutation prevalence
effects of lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation on early age-related macular degeneration

Conditions: Age-related Macular Degeneration

Summary: this study is to investigate the protective effects of supplemental lutein and zeaxanthin on early age-related macular degeneration (amd) patients in china.

early age-related macular degeneration (amd) is an early hallmark of irreversible vision impairment accompanying with senescence of macular. given the fact in treatment, prevention strategy is thought to be an efficient and robust approach to diminish early amd patients in low-income countries, however, feasible cocktail provision in most developing nations remain mysteries. here we proposed an effective cocktail treatment with different amounts of lutein and zeaxanthin could increase the macular pigment optical density (mpod) and serum xanthophylls concentrations among randomized chinese amd patients; and might improve visual function measured by visual performance indices such as best-spectacle corrected visual acuity (bscva), contrast sensitivity (csf), flash recovery time (frt), multifocal electroretinogram (mferg) and microperimetry.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged over 50 years, chinese of the han nationality * diagnosed as age-related macular degeneration * did not take lutein or zeaxanthin supplements in the past half a year * good general health * corrected visual acuity above 0.25 (20/80) * did not take optical laser or medical treatments exclusion criteria: * had other ocular diseases, such as glaucoma, macular pucker, optic neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy etc. * had nervous system diseases, stroke, type i diabetes * had diseases effected nutrients absorption, such as crohn' s disease * had turbid ocular media or transplanted intraocular lenses * reported abnormal digestive condition

Keywords: lutein zeaxanthin age-related macular degeneration supplementation macular pigment optical density visual function serum concentration
theta burst stimulation to improve inhibitory motor physiology in tourette syndrome

Conditions: Tourette Syndrome; Tourette Syndrome in Children; Tourette Syndrome in Adolescence; Tourette Syndrome, Modifier of

Summary: decades of tourette syndrome (ts) neuroimaging research has revealed abnormal cortical and subcortical motor system network, hypothesized to result from maladaptive plasticity. repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (\[r\]tms) is a promising technology that utilizes the concept of neuroplasticity to modulate brain circuits. tms modulation has the distinct advantage in terms of its non-invasive nature. furthermore, unique stimulation paradigms such as intermittent theta-burst repetitive tms (itbs) allows for short stimulation time (\<3 min). using a sham-controlled protocol, the investigators propose modulating pre-sma output using itbs, based on our prior data of abnormal pre-sma-mediated motor system regulation. hypothesize pre-sma modulation results in increased pre-sma-mediated motor inhibition. enhancing these inhibitory measures with pre-sma-itbs provides the basis for improving inhibitory function in ts patients, leading to our long-term goal of neuro-stimulation to achieve clinical tic reduction.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: participants of any sex, race, or ethnicity meeting all criteria listed below will be included in the study: 1. aged 10-21 years 2. fluent in english 3. dsm-5 diagnosis of ts, confirmed by the clinical team 4. able to participate in the informed consent process, provide voluntary informed consent/assent and provide a spontaneous narrative description of the key elements of the study. 5. clinical stability: determined by a physician, no switch of psychotropic medications or increase in dosage in the last 14 days from tms treatment start; no change in other therapeutic interventions in last 14 days from tms treatment start. exclusion criteria: 1. any neurodevelopmental, psychiatric condition other than ts, adhd, or ocd, or mild anxiety based on review of k-sads. note - if an exclusionary psychiatric diagnosis is suspected based on k-sads, the research physician will follow up with the parent and referral will be made to psychology or psychiatry as appropriate. 2. presence of metallic foreign bodies or implanted medical devices. 3. not meeting inclusion criteria as described above 4. non-fluency in english, as english is the language in the validated clinical questionnaires, and the participant must be able to understand real-time instructions from the study staff
intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig) for resistant neuropathic pain

Conditions: Neuropathic Pain

Summary: this project addresses a vexing problem that has alluded the best efforts of the medical/scientific community: treatment of resistant neuropathic pain. neuropathic pain is common and includes conditions such as diabetic neuropathy, post herpetic neuralgia and post stroke pain and is believed to affect at least 3% of adults. surveys of patients with neuropathic pain indicate that 60% do not receive adequate relief with current treatment. results from recent laboratory and human studies reveal a new approach to treatment. this approach is based on the findings that neuroinflammation appears to be involved in development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. this study explores the effects of an immune-modulating blood-derived product, intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig), in treating neuropathic pain. ivig is thought to reduce neuroinflammation contributing to neuropathic pain. if successful, the study will provide important insights into pain mechanisms and a better understanding of how ivig relieves neuropathic pain. hypotheses: 1. reduction in neuroinflammation (ni) markers will co-vary with clinical indicators of pain relief 2. patients with higher levels of markers of ni will be more likely to respond to ivig

this study will employ a randomized double blind cross-over design. a total of 12 subjects will be recruited for the study. once each subject has satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria and provided informed consent, the subject will be randomized to either the ivig or placebo treatment groups, using a pre-determined randomization list generated by the research office at the university of calgary. complete responders will begin a monitoring phase, partial and non-responders will return for a second cycle in one month. complete responders, with prolonged relief, will cross-over to the alternative treatment when their pain returns if this occurs within 6 months of the infusion.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \>18 years; clinical diagnosis of treatment-resistant neuropathic pain; * score of 4/10 or greater on the dn4 nep screening questionnaire; * bedside examination confirming symptoms of neuropathic pain; * moderate to severe pain; * completed adequate analgesic trials according to neuropathic pain clinical practice guidelines; * provides informed consent exclusion criteria: * pregnant or lactating women; * clinical diagnosis of phantom limb pain; * history of psychosis; * current, substance dependency disorder; * presence of clinically significant cardiac or pulmonary disorder that would compromise participants' safety; * severe pain disorder other than the chronic nep under study; * abnormalities above 1.5 times upper range of normal on screening cbc, blood chemistry; * serum iga less than \<0.05 g/l

Keywords: neuropathic pain resistant neuroinflammation neuroinflammatory markers neuropathic pain that has not responded to standard therapy
non-invasive identification of endometrial cancer/endometrial atypical hyperplasia with an ai-based classifier applied to transvaginal ultrasound in patients with post-menopausal bleeding

Conditions: Endometrial Carcinoma

Summary: this study evaluates if ai can be used with transvaginal ultrasound images for early detection of endometrial cancer or premalignant lesions.

primary objective: i. prospective validation of an artificial intelligence (ai) algorithm applied to transvaginal ultrasound (tvus) to identify patients with premalignant/malignant in a population of women with postmenopausal bleeding (pmb). outline: this is an observational study. patients undergo a transvaginal ultrasound examination and endometrial sampling per standard of care and have their medical records reviewed on study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥ 55 years * at least one episode of postmenopausal bleeding (pmb) * endometrial biopsy available from at mayo clinic (mn, az, fl), mayo clinic health system (mchs), or an external institution * acceptance to participate in the study exclusion criteria: * diagnostic tests performed more than 90 days apart * physical impediment/refusal to undergo transvaginal ultrasound (tvus)
medical monitoring for agitated patients pilot rct - medical monitoring

Conditions: Acute Agitation

Summary: the psychiatric emergency services (pes) is an under researched area of clinical practice, largely in the management of acutely agitated and violent patients. the goal of this pilot randomized clinical trial (rct) is to assess the benefit of medically monitoring patients that present with extreme agitation and/or violent behaviour to pes. placing them in physical restraints and immediately administering chemical restraint, will enable medical monitoring of these potentially medically unstable patients. investigators believe that this practice will provide safer management of patients, reduce risk to staff and other patients, reduce risk of undiagnosed medical conditions that underly the agitation, and increase clinical management and quality of care. patients that come into the emergency department that are agitated and violent, where verbal-deescalation will not suffice, will be randomly treated with either immediate placement in seclusion (current practice) or be placed in physical restraints and given chemical restraint (as outlined in the beta project guidelines). the same time interval assessments will be performed on both groups of patients including; medical monitoring and agitation scale assessment. data will also be collected on number of violent episodes, code whites, required increase in the use of physical restraints, length of intervention, and more. this assessment will enable a comparison between the current practice and the proposed practice to establish evidence based clinical guidelines for the management of acute agitation in pes, where de-escalation techniques are ineffective and the lack of medical monitoring is harmful to the patient and can negatively effect their outcome. in order to best assess the importance of medical monitoring for such patients, a pilot study must be performed to assess the feasibility of such a phase iii rct study.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * was agitated or violent upon entry into pes. * is 18+ years of age. * verbal de-escalation techniques are not useful for management of this patient. * beta project techniques alone are not useful for management of this patient. * the patient is assigned a ctas1 or ctas2 score. exclusion criteria: * the patient scores a "low" or "moderate" level of risk on the violence/aggression screening tool (vast) that is used at er triage. * the point of agitation or violence began after the patient was already admitted to pes.
utilization of genomic information to augment chemotherapy decision-making for people with incurable malignancies

Conditions: Advanced Incurable Cancers

Summary: most systemic therapies are chosen on the basis of large randomized clinical trials; however, tumour heterogeneity means that cancers with similar histological features may have substantially different underlying biological drivers. the investigators propose that applying personal genomic information prospectively obtained in a clinically realistic timeframe to assist in chemotherapy decision-making could result in more effective and efficient cancer treatment. this study will investigate this approach in a cross section of advanced cancers to examine timeliness, deliverability, rate of actionable targets identified, and our ability to expand this approach into a larger clinical trial setting.

it is clear that carcinogenesis is an immensely complex process and that even within a histologic cancer subtype - such as adenocarcinoma of the lung or breast - there is significant heterogeneity in cancer behaviour and response to therapy. recognizing genetic mutations that promote disease facilitates targeted treatment; this has been demonstrated in several small subgroups of cancers in which specific genetic mutations or translocations have been successfully treated with targeted chemotherapy agents. analyses of individual patients demonstrate unique molecular signatures for every cancer examined. frequently, multiple different pathways are involved in disease growth and progression and the dominant process varies from person to person and perhaps even within different sites of disease within one person. as well these variations evolve in response to treatment. with many recognized mutations personalized evaluation of the genetic signature encoded in dna and rna may enable directed therapy to the appropriate oncologic pathway thereby providing information to help guide chemotherapy choices.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subjects must have histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of cancer 2. this cancer must be incurable, as defined by their treating oncologist (generally because of advanced stage). 3. subjects must agree to provide archival tissue and agree to undergo a study specific biopsy and blood test for genetic analysis. all subjects would have a biopsy and blood samples at progression if it could be done safely. 4. ecog ps 0 or 1. 5. age \> 18 years of age. 6. subject consent must be obtained according to the bcca requirements. 7. subject must be accessible for treatment and follow-up. subjects must be registered at the bcca vancouver site. exclusion criteria: 1. unable or unwilling to undergo tumour biopsy(s) and/or blood/skin samples for normal dna. 2. significant medical condition that in the opinion of the treating oncologist renders the subject not suitable for participation.

Keywords: neoplasm metastatic cancer cancer genome genomic analysis adults