Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
exploration of the reward system by functional mri in parkinson's disease patients with and without rem sleep behavior disorder

Conditions: Parkinson's Disease; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

Summary: up to 60% of parkinson's disease (pd) patients suffer from rem sleep behavior disorder (rbd), a parasomnia. this disorder is thought to be related to a dysfunction of limbic system and brainstem. impulse control disorders (icd) are found in about 14% of pd patients taking dopaminergic drugs. these disorders are thought to be related to a dysfunction of meso-cortico-limbic pathways which belong to the so-called "reward system". a strong link was found between these two disorders and therefore the investigators believe that rbd is associated with impaired reward system. the main objective of this study is to evaluate differences in brain activation between pd patients with and without rbd. the investigators hypothesize that pd patients with rbd have a more severe dysfunction of the reward system (hypoactivation of the meso-cortico-limbic pathway) than patients without rbd, explaining their susceptibility to icd when exposed to high doses of dopaminergic treatment.

type of study: prospective, case control study. number of centers: 2 (clermont-ferrand and vichy) patients : the study will be performed in 75 subjects (25 pd patients with rbd, 25 pd patients without rbd and 25 healthy volunteers, age-and sex-matched without any contraindications to perform an mri) study performance : during the first visit (j0, inclusion visit, 3 hours), each subject will perform a clinical and neurological examination (mds-unified parkinson disease rating scale (mds-updrs)) and neuropsychological assessment (depression by the beck depression inventory (bdi); apathy by the lille apathy rating scale (lars), impulsivity by the urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, sensation seeking scale (upps)) eligible patients will be welcomed in a subsequent visit at the mri department for the functional mri (j0+1week, 1 hour). this session will be of about 45 minutes. the reward system was explored using an experimental task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri). the name of this task is the"monetary incentive delay task".

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * parkinson's disease (uk parkinson's disease society brain bank criteria) * men or women 45 to 80 years old * diagnosis of rbd made with polysomnographic recording exclusion criteria: * previous history of psychosis or psychiatric disease * history of stroke or vascular lesion on mri. * pregnant women

Keywords: parkinson 's disease rem sleep behavior disorder reward system functional mri
can tnf-alpha incomplete secondary responders attain a safe and efficacious response switching to cimzia

Conditions: Rheumatoid Arthritis

Summary: purpose of the study is to determine if cimzia is safe and effective in subjects who have received previous treatment with a tnf-alpha inhibitor other than cimzia.

this is a phase iv, randomized, multi-center, double-blind, parallel-group 12-week study of cimzia with concomitant methotrexate (mtx) or other dmard compared to mtx or other dmard alone in patients with an inadequate secondary therapeutic response to a tnf-alpha inhibitor as defined above and active rheumatoid arthritis (ra) followed by a 12-week open-label phase with concomitant mtx or other dmard and cimzia. subjects must washout from the previous tnf inhibitor for at least 4 weeks prior to the baseline visit. subjects unable to tolerate mtx must have been on a stable dose of another non-biologic dmard for at least 3 months. subjects' diagnosis of ra must be based on the 1987 revised american rheumatism association criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis. subjects will be screened for eligibility and, up to 28 days later, at the baseline visit, randomized to one of two treatment groups (2:1): cimzia or placebo (in addition to concomitant mtx or other dmard). all subjects will continue mtx/other dmard at the same dose utilized prior to study entry. after the week 12 study visit, all subjects will have the opportunity to continue in the study on open-label cimzia treatment (using an induction regimen for all subjects, regardless of their treatment in the blinded phase).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * have a diagnosis of ra at least 6 months * have received treatment with a tnf-alpha inhibitor * be receiving methotrexate (with folic acid)at a dose of at least 10mg/week or another non-biologic dmard if methotrexate intolerant \*have at least 6 tender joint and 6 swollen joints\* * have an crp greater than or equal to uln * availability of a chest x-ray that shows no evidence of active tb or infection exclusion criteria: * prior exposure to cimzia * prior treatment with b-cell depleting therapy * no significant response to previous tnf inhibitor * congestive heart failure * clinically abnormal laboratory tests * history of cancer * active tb

Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis anti-tnf therapy
comparative effects of costophrenic assisted cough and anterior chest compression technique in copd patients

Conditions: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Summary: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. symptoms include breathing difficulty, cough, mucus (sputum) production and wheezing. in costophrenic assist, the therapist gives a quick stretch to the diaphragm and intercostals with repetitions. the patientt holds air in the lungs. as the patient gets ready to cough, the therapist performs a diaphragmatic assist. in anterior chest compression: the therapist places one arm across the patient's pectorals and the other parallel to it. after the patient takes a maximal breath, the therapist pushes down to help the patient cough. the greatest force is applied through the lower chest during expulsion. a total 34 patients will be taken. 2 groups will be created to apply intervention. after signing consent form, 17 patients in group a will be given costophrenic assist technique and 17 patients in group b will be given anterior chest compression technique. baseline treatment given to both groups will include percussion and tapping. the data collected will then be analyzed using ibm spss version 25


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * stable patients * mild to moderate patients of copd according to gold criteria * decreased o2 saturation levels * immobilized mucus exclusion criteria: * tachycardia * tachypnea * non covid * cardiovascular pathology * myopathy * neurogenic disease

Keywords: anterior chest compression chest physio costophrenic assist sputum expectoration oxygen saturation
mri & mrv in pelvic congestion syndrome in females

Conditions: Pelvic Pain Syndrome

Summary: to investigate the feasibility of mri and mrv in diagnosis of pelvic congestion syndrome.

in the past, a diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain left many women frustrated with few treatment options and a lack of available resources. their physicians were likewise perplexed, despite the endless acquisition of negative laboratory and imaging data as well as inconclusive consultations obtained. in the last 10 years, improved scientiﬁc understanding and increased physician awareness have lessened the confusion surrounding this condition and its distinct association with pelvic congestion syndrome (pcs). furthermore, reﬁnements of medical and minimally invasive surgical solutions give affected patients more therapeutic choices today. since anatomical venous variations in the pelvis are common, it is important to know the anatomy of these vessels for treatment planning. imaging is critical in the evaluation of pelvic varices, both to differentiate them from other condition and also because pelvic varices may be secondary to serious underlying pathology, such as inferior vena caval obstruction, portal hypertension, increased pelvic blood flow, and vascular malformations. the diagnosis of pcs has usually been suggested by duplex ultrasound (us), but ultrasound imaging does not readily show the gonadal veins. phlebography is the "gold standard" for anatomic diagnostic studies. related mortality and morbidity are low, but patient discomfort and costs make this an unattractive routine method of diagnosis. magnetic resonance imaging (mri) can usually demonstrate pelvic and ovarian varices, as well as the gonadal veins. in this prospective study, we will investigate the feasibility of using magnetic resonance venography (mrv) in the diagnosis of pcs and evaluated its accuracy and reliability in comparison to phlebography.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients with signs and symptoms of pcs. exclusion criteria: * patients with general contraindications to mri as presence of any para-magnetic substance as pacemakers, or in severely ill patients or those with claustrophobia, arrhythmic patients.

Keywords: pcs
a safety and efficacy study of dapsone gel in patients with acne vulgaris

Conditions: Acne Vulgaris

Summary: this study will assess the safety and efficacy of dapsone gel versus vehicle control in patients with acne vulgaris.

this is a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, vehicle-controlled study to assess the safety and efficacy of dapsone 7.5% gel versus vehicle administered topically once daily for 12 weeks in patients with acne vulgaris.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of acne vulgaris * willing to avoid excessive or prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light (eg, sunlight, tanning beds) throughout the study exclusion criteria: * severe cystic acne, acne conglobata, acne fulminans, or secondary acne * use of phototherapy devices (eg, clearlight™), energy-based devices, adhesive cleansing strips (eg, pond's®, biore®), or cosmetic procedures (eg, facials, peeling, comedo extraction) in the past week * use of anti-inflammatory medications, salicylic acid; corticosteroids, antibiotics, antibacterials (including benzoyl peroxide-containing products \[eg, benzamycin\]), retinoids; other topical acne treatments (eg, photodynamic therapy, medicated soaps such as those containing benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, sulfur, or sodium sulfacetamide) in the past 2 weeks * use of birth control pills strictly for acne control
comparison study of different tumor biopsy method for sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer

Conditions: Breast Cancer; Sentinel Lymph Node

Summary: sentinel lymph node biopsy (slnb) has become a mainstay surgery method in breast cance, and the identified number of sentinel lymph nodes determines its accuracy for axillary status. retrospective study indicated that preoperative tumor biopsy results in more detected sentinel lymoh nodes. the clinical trail is designed to compare the effect of three tumor biopsy methods (preoperative vacuum-assisted biopsy, core needle biopsy, and intraoperative excisional biopsy) for sentinel lymph nodes.

objectives: compare the identification rate of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer patients with different tumor biopsy methods. evaluate the false-negative rates of sentinel lymph nodes in patients with different tumor biopsy methods. outline: the patients were randomly divided into three group, vacuum-assisted biopsy, core needle biopsy, and intraoperative excisional biopsy. preoperative vacuum-assisted biopsy and core needle biopsy were performed in 10 days before the final surgery. all patients received dual tracer (radiolabeled colloid and blue dye) guided slnb.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinically lymph node negative breast cancer patients t1-t3 exclusion criteria: * history of breast cancer locally advanced breast cancer and metastatic breast cancer proven axillary lymph node metastasis history of axillary excisional or incisional biopsy, or dissection history of neoadjuvant chemotherapy pregnancy non-consented patients

Keywords: sentinel lymph node vacuum-assisted biopsy core needle biopsy breast cancer
123-i mibg (adreview) heart-to-mediastinal (h/m) ratio and spect imaging on a small field of view-high efficiency cardiac spect system

Conditions: Heart Failure; Cardiomyopathy

Summary: the purpose of this study is to demonstrate correlation of the h/m ratio of adreview when derived from a large field of view anger spect system and from a small field of view high sensitivity (czt) spect system.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * new york heart association class ii or iii heart failure * left ventricular ejection fraction less than or equal to 35% exclusion criteria: * uncompensated heart failure * recent hospitalization within 30 days of cardiac related indications

Keywords: 123i-mibg adreview spect heart to mediastinal ratio
study protocol evaluating transient tachypnoea of the newborn in term and near term neonates

Conditions: Transient Tachypnoea of the Newborn

Summary: transient tachypnoea of the newborn (ttn) is a common cause of hospitalisation in the neonatal period, complicating 1 to 1,5 per cent life birth. predisposing factors are prematurity, birth after c section, especially before the onset of labor. the main factor leading to this condition is a lack of absorption of the fluid contained in the alveolar space resulting in an early respiratory distress which normally resolves in two to five days with oxygen supplementation. meanwhile, some neonates will experience a complicated evolution requiring ventilatory support and hospitalisatioon in neonatal intensive care unit. this complication is not preventable and could result either of a surfactant deficiency (primary or secondary) or a persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate (pphn). in this study, a cohort of newborn presenting ttn will be followed, in order to evaluate, at initial admission, pulmonary maturation (with fetal lung maturity test and the stable microbubble test) and to seek for pphn (echochardiography). therapeutic management will be done according to standard care and classification of the neonate will be performed according to their clinical evolution: group 1 (uncomplicated ttn) and group 2 (complicated ttn). statistical analysis will compare results of the tests at initial evaluation in the two groups, and accuracy of the tests to predict a complicated evolution will be established.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * neonate \> or = 34 weeks ga admitted in the first 6 hours of life with the suspected diagnosis of ttn (respiratory rate \> 60/mn, spo2 \ 0 * parental consent obtained exclusion criteria: * ga\> 42 weeks * meconial amniotic fluid * early onset neonatal sepsis (septic shock) * congenital malformations * enteral feeding started before admission * no parental consent

Keywords: transient tachypnoea of the newborn surfactant deficiency persistant pulmonary hypertension of the neonate lung maturity tests
treatment of zollinger-ellison syndrome

Conditions: Zollinger Ellison Syndrome

Summary: in patients with zollinger-ellison syndrome the level of gastric acid is elevated. this increased level of gastric acid is what causes the symptoms of the disease. certain types of medication can control the secretion of gastric acid. in this study there are details on how drugs known as antihistamines (h2 receptor antagonists) can control the levels of gastric acid secretion. the study describes; which patients are candidates for this research, what to do prior to initiating treatment, and the appropriate dose of antihistamine to be given. initial doses of the medication will be given intravenously (injected through a vein) and later doses will be administered orally (by mouth). by following the procedure, researchers will be able to determine if there is a more effective route of drug administration, as well as the effectiveness of antihistamines in patients treated surgically for zollinger-ellison pancreatic tumors with mildly elevated gastric acid levels.

this protocol describes the use of histamine h2-receptor antagonists to control gastric acid hypersecretion in patients with zollinger-ellison syndrome. it details which patients will be considered for treatment with these agents, the pretreatment procedures and the procedures to be followed in establishing the proper intravenous dose of histamine h2-receptor antagonist. it also details the procedure to be used to establish a safe and effective oral long-term maintenance dose of either cimetidine, ranitidine, nizatidine, or famotidine. by following these procedures it will be possible to evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous histamine h2 therapy if it is determined this is important for antisecretory control during periods when patients cannot take oral gastric antisecretory agents. it will also be possible to evaluate the effectiveness of histamine h2-receptor in patients with zollinger-ellison syndrome after successful gastrinoma resection who continue to have mild gastric hypersecretion.

Eligibility criteria:
* inclusion criteria: basal gastric acid secretion of greater than 15 meq/hr (normal less than 10) or greater than 5 meq/hr if they have had a previous gastric resection, a fasting plasma concentration of immunoreactive gastrin of greater than 100 pg/ml (normal less than 100), a positive secretin provocative tests or histological diagnosis of gastrinoma.

Keywords: gastric acid secretion histamine h2-receptor antagonists
a trial comparing the efficacy of insulin degludec with insulin glargine on glycaemic control using continuous glucose monitoring in patients with type 1 diabetes

Conditions: Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

Summary: this trial is conducted in the united states of america (usa). the aim of this trial is to compare the efficacy of insulin decludec with insulin glargine on glycaemic control using continuous glucose monitoring in patients with type 1 diabetes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * type 1 diabetes * hba1c (glycosylated haemoglobin) below or equal to 8.5% * current treatment with iglar (insulin glargine) in a basal-bolus regimen with a total daily dose below 120 u * bmi (body mass index) below 35 kg/m\^2 exclusion criteria: * use within the last 3 months prior to visit 1 (screening) of any antidiabetic glucose lowering drug other than insulin/insulin analogues * subjects with regular use of acetaminophen who are not willing to use another analgetic during cgm (continuous glucose monitoring) periods * stroke; heart failure; myocardial infarction; unstable angina pectoris; coronary arterial bypass graft or angioplasty within 24 weeks prior to visit 1 * recurrent severe hypoglycemia (more than one severe hypoglycemic event during the last 12 months) or hypoglycemia unawareness or hospitalization for diabetic ketoacidosis during the previous 6 months
concordance between sonography amd mri for presurgical diagnosis of uterine mesenchymal malignant tumors

Conditions: Leiomyoma; Leiomyosarcoma

Summary: determine the concordance between gynaecological sonography and pelvic mri for the pre-surgical diagnosis of uterine malignant tumors.

the hypothesis that will be evaluated with this study is the concordance between the sonographic assessment following the terms and definitions to describe uterine pathology proposed by morphological uterus sonographic assessment (musa) and the pelvic mri for the pre-surgical diagnosis of malignant mesenchymal uterine tumors in patients affected of symptomatic leiomyomas with clinical or sonographic risk factors for atypical fibroids. if both explorations have the same efficiency for the diagnosis, one of those should be avoided, diminishing the costs and surgery delay for these patients. those women with uterine leiomyoma who present \>2 risk factors for uterine malignant mesenchymal tumors or with sonographic criteria for atypical leiomyoma will be invited to participate in the study and will sign the informed consent. after this first visit, the patient will undergo a gynecological sonography, serum lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) determination and a pelvic mri, as it is done in our regular clinical practice. all explorations will be performed in the same study center and will be done by independent physicians. then patients included will be addressed to a second visit to explain the results and surgery planning if it's needed. one month after the surgery, one last visit will be conducted to perform a post-surgery control and give the final anatomo-pathological report of the surgery specimen. all data will be entered in the database for further analysis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * \>18 years old * accept to participate in the study * uterine leiomyomas who have \>2 risk factors for mesenchymal uterine malignant tumor or sonographic suspicion of atypical leiomyoma. exclusion criteria: * \< 18 years * not being capable of understanding the study design

Keywords: diagnosis sonography magnetic resonance
laser hemorrhoidoplasty versus open surgical hemorrhoidectomy in second and third degree piles

Conditions: Hemorrhoids

Summary: the study aims to compare the pain , duration of intervention and long term outcomes of laser hemorrhoidoplasty versus open surgical hemorrhoidectomy

hemorrhoidal disease is ranked first among diseases of the rectum and large intestine, and the estimated worldwide prevalence ranges from 2.9% to 27.9%, of which more than 4% are symptomatic . age distribution demonstrates a gaussian distribution with a peak incidence between 45 and 65 years with subsequent decline after 65 years .men are more frequently affected than women . the anorectal vascular cushions along with the internal anal sphincter are essential in the maintenance of continence by providing soft tissue support and keeping the anal canal closed tightly. hemorrhoids are considered to be due to the downward displacement of suspensory (treitz) muscle . there are many treatments of hemorrhoids varying from medications and band ligation to stapled hemorrhoidopexy, laser photocoagulation, sclerotherapy, doppler-guided artery ligation, and finally surgery . the indications for the surgical treatment include the presence of a significant external component, hypertrophied papillae, associated fissure, extensive thrombosis or recurrence of symptoms after repeated rbl. the technique employed may be open (milligan-morgan) or closed (ferguson) . post hemorrhoidectomy pain is the commonest problem associated with the surgical techniques. the other early complications are urinary retention (20.1%), bleeding (secondary or reactionary) (2.4%-6%) and subcutaneous abscess (0.5%). the long-term complications include anal fissure (1% -2.6%), anal stenosis (1%), incontinence (0.4%), fistula (0.5%) and recurrence of hemorrhoids . the study aims to compare the pain , duration time of intervention and long term outcomes of laser hemorrhoidoplasty versus open surgical hemorrhoidectomy

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ii-iii hemorrhoidal disease * failure of conservative treatment exclusion criteria: * grade iv * acutely thrombosed haemorrhoids * patients affected by ibd involving rectum or anus * patients previously surgically treated for hemorrhoidal disease and the inability to complete study protocol