Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
outcomes of posterior urethral valve fulguration

Conditions: Posterior Urethral Valve

Summary: to evaluate the long-term outcome after fulguration of the posterior urethral valve.

posterior urethral valves (puv) are the most common cause of lower urinary tract obstruction. more severe forms are detected early in pregnancy (mainly type i), while other forms are usually discovered later in childhood when investigating lower urinary tract symptoms. bladder dysfunction is common and is associated with urinary incontinence in about 55% (0%-72%). despite the removal of the obstruction by urethral valve ablation, pathological changes in the urinary tract can occur with progressive bladder dysfunction, which can cause deterioration of the upper urinary tract as well. for this reason, all children with puv require long-term follow-up, always until puberty. in many cases, the life-long current status is uncertain. the current literature lacks research on long-term outcomes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with fulguration of puv since 1 year or more exclusion criteria: * patients with neurogenic bladder or meningocele or spina bifida . patients with renal parenchymal disease and inflammation not related to posterior urethral valve . diabetic patients . parental refusal .
mrg-nirs imaging system breast cancer trial

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: this trial is a study of 20 women with breast cancer to evaluate the addition of mr-guided (mrg) near-infrared spectroscopy (nirs) with and without contrast, as part of a program to improve clinical management of women receiving breast magnetic resonance imaging (mri).

this trial is designed to determine if the mrg-nirs system will contribute significantly to improved clinical management of women receiving breast magnetic resonance imaging (mri) by achieving diagnostic performance comparable to or better than dynamic contrast-enhanced (dce) breast mri alone. the purpose of this clinical trial is to evaluate the addition of mrg-nirs with and without contrast in 20 women with breast cancer. the women enrolled in the trial will be those who have a newly diagnosed breast cancer.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. females age ≥ 18 years old 2. participants capable of providing written informed consent 3. women with a recent diagnosis of breast cancer. 4. women who are in pre-surgical planning must have an estimated tumor size of 2.0 cm or less on available imaging. 5. women who are in pre-surgical planning must have had a breast biopsy at least 10 days prior to the mrg-nirs exam. exclusion criteria: 1. participants with absolute or relative contraindication to mri: 1. the presence of an electronic implant, such as a pacemaker 2. the presence of a metal implant, such as an aneurysm clip 3. claustrophobia 4. renal failure (fda's guidance for gadolinium of a creatinine clearance less than 30 ml/1.73 m2 bsa) 2. pregnant women 3. breast implants 4. prisoners 5. participants with visually inadequate healing from breast biopsy.

Keywords: mri mrg-nirs near-infrared spectroscopy
genetic studies of early-onset dementia

Conditions: Dementia, Early Onset

Summary: the aim of this study is to identify genetic factors that contribute to risk and progression of early-onset dementia (loss of memory function before the age of 70 years) across all ethnic groups, including alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment and other dementias.

the study population includes individuals affected by alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment, other dementias, cognitively healthy individuals without memory problems, or their family members. ascertainment is across both males and females, and all race and ethnic groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years and older * individuals diagnosed with dementia, their family members and unrelated healthy controls without dementia. exclusion criteria: -individuals with competing diagnosis such as huntington's disease, traumatic brain injury, drug or alcohol abuse, or schizophrenia, etc., unless family members of a dementia affected individual

Keywords: alzheimer's disease memory loss early-onset alzheimer's disease mild cognitive impairment normal cognition dementia genetics
a clinical trial of metformin in the maintenance of non-hodgkin's lymphoma patients

Conditions: Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Stage III Follicular Lymphoma

Summary: the study is to evaluate the therapeutic effect of metformin as a maintenance therapy in high risk patients with complete remission of diffuse large b lymphoma / stage iii follicular lymphoma after chemotherapy in the initial r-chop (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone, plus the monoclonal antibody rituximab) regimen


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. male or female patient age \>14 years old; 2. pathological types include: diffuse large b lymphoma, and stage iii follicular lymphoma; 3. at the initial stage of therapy, received standard r-chop regimen and complete remission after the first course of treatment; 4. after complete remission, not consider to receive hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or chimeric antigen receptor t cell immunotherapy; 5. serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (sgot) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (sgpt) not exceed 2 times of the normal upper limit; 6. serum total bilirubin and creatinine not exceed 1.5 times of the normal upper limit; 7. serum creatinine not exceed 1.5mg/dl; 8. patients with high risk factors, including age \> 60 year, or with diabetes/ impaired glucose tolerance, or with international prognostic index (ipi) score ≥2. 9. sign informed consent file. exclusion criteria: 1. past medical history of high doses of cytarabine, methotrexate and rituximab maintenance therapy; 2. past medical history of any type of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; 3. past medical history of lactic acidosis; 4. extreme weight loss failure, malnutrition or dehydration patients; 5. pregnant women or lactating women, or women who do not take contraceptive measures for childbearing age; 6. alopecia, mental retardation or psychiatric disorders that affect the patient's normal informed consent; 7. type 1.2 diabetes with ketoacidosis, liver function or renal insufficiency, pulmonary insufficiency, heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, severe infection and trauma, major surgery and clinical hypotension or hypoxia; 8. diabetes complicated with severe chronic complications (such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy); 9. any other serious complications occurred, depending on the outcome of the study; 10. before the intravenous pyelography or anterior angiography; 11. alcoholics; 12. deficiency of vitamin b12, folic acid or iron.
evaluation of isolated roux-en-y reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy

Conditions: Pancreatic Neoplasms; Bile Duct Neoplasms; Ampullary Neoplasms; Duodenal Neoplasms; Pancreatitis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence of complications with the isolated roux-en-y reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy in pancreatic tumor and periampullary tumor patients. a prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the incidence of complications with isolated roux-en-y reconstruction with those of billroth-ii-type reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

the purpose of this study is to clarify whether isolated roux-en-y reconstruction declines the incidence of postoperative complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy compared with billroth-ii-type reconstruction. especially, it is important to decline the incidence of pancreatic fistula, because pancreatic fistula affects a postoperative course. however, there is no report that demonstrated postoperative complications of isolated roux-en-y compared with those of billroth-ii-type reconstruction. we conducted a prospective randomized trial on patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy. patients with pancreatico-biliary disease who were performed pancreaticoduodenectomy at wakayama medical university hospital. the primary endpoint was defined as the incidence of pancreatic fistula. the secondary endpoints were the incidence of other postoperative complications, mortality, delayed gastric emptying, intra-abdominal hemorrhage, and intra-abdominal abscess. patients were recruited into this study before surgery, on the basis of whether pancreatic head resection was anticipated at wakayama medical university hospital (wmuh) for pancreatic head and periampullary disease, and appropriate informed consent was obtained. exclusion criteria was 1) young patients (less than 20-year-old), 2) patients with severe complications which were possible to prolong hospital stay, 3) patients undergone hemodialysis, 4) patients combined resection of other organs, 5) patients who were diagnosed inadequacy for this study by a physician, and 6) patients without an informed consent.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the patients had undergone pancreatic head resection at wakayama medical university the patients obtained appropriate informed consent exclusion criteria: * young patients (less than 20-years-old) * patients with severe complications which were possible to prolong hospital stay * patients undergone hemodialysis * patients combined resection of other organs * patients who were diagnosed inadequacy for this study by a physician * patients without an informed consent

Keywords: pancreaticoduodenectomy pancreatic fistula reconstruction isolated roux-en-y
atomoxetine for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adolescents with substance use disorder

Conditions: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; Substance Abuse

Summary: the purpose of this study is to find out whether atomoxetine (also called strattera) helps teenagers (12-19) with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) and drug/alcohol problems.

evidence-based psychosocial treatments have recently been developed. however, very little data exist on the use of pharmacotherapy for adolescents sud (substance use disorder). one promising pharmacotherapy approach is to treat co-occuring psychiatric disorders. a common co-occurring disorder in adolescent sud is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd). fortunately, new adhd medications, such as atomoxetine, that do not have addictive potential are now available. however, all controlled studies of atomoxetine have specifically excluded teens with sud. therefore, little data exist on the safety and efficacy of the medication in this population. this research project will address the important research gap with the specific aim: to conduct a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of atomoxetine for adhd in teens with sud.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 12-19 * provided assent/consent * attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) by kiddie schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia (ksads) * diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edition (dsm-iv) checklist \<=22 * at least one non-nicotine substance use disorder (sud) by ksads * plans to live locally for 4 months * willing to participate in cognitive behavioral therapy (cbt) exclusion criteria: * no mental illness that cannot be managed as an outpatient or without concurrent psychotropic medication * no allergy to atomoxetine * no narrow angle glaucoma * no serious medical illness * not pregnant * not unwilling to use an effective form of contraception during the trial * no sud that cannot be managed as an outpatient or without concurrent psychotropic medication

Keywords: adolescent adhd sud
renal allograft : evaluation of parenchymal fibrosis by elastography

Conditions: Renal Transplant

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the potential of elastography for noninvasive assessment of fibrosis in renal allograft.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * renal allograft performed less than 3 months before enrolment exclusion criteria: * contra-indication to magnetic resonance imaging * contra-indication to biopsy

Keywords: renal allograft kidney fibrosis elastography elasticity
isometric exercise training in participants with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

Conditions: Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

Summary: heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (hfpef) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. hypertension remains one of the major modifiable risk factors in hfpef development and progression. the role of aerobic exercise training for blood pressure (bp) reduction is well established, with positive cardiac, vascular, and neurohumoral adaptations all cited as potential mechanisms for improving arterial haemodynamics. however, recent evidence has shown that a specific type of resistance exercise alone, known as isometric exercise (ie), produces greater mean bp reductions than what has traditionally been seen with both aerobic and dynamic resistance exercise training programmes. indeed, short duration ie training causes significant improvements in both cardiac structure and function, in addition to inducing significant reductions in resting bp in normotensive, pre-hypertensive and hypertensive individuals. this study aims to compare the acute and chronic effects of an ie training intervention on diastolic function parameters in patients who have been diagnosed with hfpef compared to a control group.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients diagnosed with hfpef. * patients under the care of a st george's heart failure cardiology consultant. * patients willing and able to provide informed consent. * male and female, aged 18 years or above. * medically optimised patients. exclusion criteria: * recent myocardial infarction or electrocardiographic changes, complete heart block, unstable angina. * inability or unwilling to provide informed consent. * male and female, aged 17 years or younger. * patients with hfref. * patients with musculoskeletal injury that could conceivably be affected by their involvement. * resting bp values of ≥180/110 mmhg. * patients unable to understand verbal and written english.

Keywords: heart failure isometric exercise training
optimizing preoperative disinfection of eyes

Conditions: Eye Infections

Summary: topical povidone-iodine (pi) is widely used as ocular antiseptic before and after surgery. the standard dose of 5% pi is however, associated with ocular irritation. we therefore want to test if a lower concentration of pi can be similarly efficacious in reducing bacterial growth while reducing ocular irritation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients remitted to intravitreal injections at st. olavs hospital. * patients competent to give written consent exclusion criteria: * infectious disease * known epitheliopathy * contact lens wear * use of prescription ophthalmic medications * diabetes

Keywords: disinfection pre-operative povidone iodine eye surgery
efficacy and safety of task-activated rtms in improving cognitive function in patients with bipolar disorder

Conditions: Bipolar Disorder

Summary: 1. to clarify the efficacy and safety of task-based repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rtms) on cognitive function in patients with stable bipolar disorder. 2. to analyze the therapeutic mechanism of transcranial magnetic stimulation based on magnetic resonance imaging and explore the abnormal regulation mechanism of cognitive neural circuits.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. aged 14 to 45 years, right-handed; 2. meet the diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorder in the stable remission period of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition (dsm-5); 3. stable medication treatment; 4. clinical remission for more than three months, young mania rating scale (ymrs) ≤ 6 points hamilton depression rating scale 17 (hdrs 17) score ≤ 7 points; 5. cognitive impairment on the cognitive deficit questionnaire (pdq) ≥ 17 points; 6. fully understand the transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment, be willing to actively cooperate with the treatment, and sign the informed consent. exclusion criteria: 1. those with a history of severe physical illness or diseases that may affect the central nervous system (such as tumors, syphilis, etc.); 2. those with neurological diseases or risk of epileptic seizures, such as previous craniocerebral diseases, head trauma, alcoholism, abnormal eeg, mri evidence of abnormal brain structure, or a family history of epilepsy; 3. those with contraindications to mri scanning or transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment, such as those with metal or electronic devices in the body (metal foreign bodies in the brain, cochlear implants, pacemakers and stents); 4. those at high risk of suicide, or those who have already committed suicide or serious self-harm and need emergency intervention; 5. those who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant during the trial; 6. those with color blindness or hearing impairment; 7. those with a history of substance or alcohol abuse; 8. other situations that the researcher determines are not suitable as research subjects.
home-based exercise program in patients with the post-covid-19 condition

Conditions: Long COVID; Post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome

Summary: the management of the sequelae of covid-19 is described as the next great challenge of global public health. multiple symptoms may compose the clinical picture of these patients (eg, fatigue, dyspnea, cognitive dysfunction, myalgia and others), persisting for more than a year and frequently causing clinically important functional impairment. thus, a clinical trial will be conducted to investigate the effects of a remotely supervised home-based exercise program on functional sequelae of patients diagnosed with the post-covid-19 condition (also known as long covid).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * covid-19 diagnostic history confirmed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) or rapid antigen test (with clinical presentations of moderate to critical severity). * diagnosis of post-covid-19 condition according to world health organization criteria. * present ≥1 symptoms at study admission, including dyspnea, fatigue, muscle weakness and/or musculoskeletal pain. * have internet access at home. exclusion criteria: * being under clinical or experimental treatment for the post-covid-19 condition. * any physical disabilities that could hamper physical testing and exercise program. * patients with major neuropsychiatric disorders (eg, dementia or severe depression). * patients with chronic kidney disease who are in need of hemodialysis. * solid organ transplant patients. * complex ventricular arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation or complete heart block. * recent malignant neoplasm. * recent deep venous thromboembolism. * acute pulmonary embolism or pulmonary infarction. * uncontrolled hypertension. * uncontrolled type ii diabetes. * uncontrolled vestibular disorders. * acute infections. * pregnancy.

Keywords: exercise telemedicine long covid
continuous positive airway pressure as a potential new treatment for cluster headache

Conditions: Cluster Headache; Chronic Disease

Summary: cluster headache is also called suicide headache due to excruciating nocturnal attacks. there are few treatment options available. inhalation of oxygen has shown to abort the attacks. continuous positive airway pressure (cpap) is a machine used during sleep to treat respiratory failure. automatic cpap machines adjust the air pressure through the night to keep the upper airways patent. single reports have shown a high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in people suffering from cluster headache, and positive effects of cpap treatment, but no randomized controlled trial has been conducted so far. if proven effective cpap would make an affordable treatment option for many patients within the existing healthcare system.

this is a single center study carried out in collaboration between the neurological, neurophysiological and thoracic departments at st. olavs hospital in trondheim. participants will keep sleep and headache diaries in a baseline period of 4 weeks, then receive treatment (cpap or sham-cpap at nighttime) during 8 weeks, have a 4 week wash out period followed by a second treatment period of 8 weeks (cpap or sham-cpap). finally there will be follow-up during 1 month. throughout the whole study (7 months) participants keep a headache diary. participants must maintain current preventive and sleep medication regimens during the whole study period, and may use acute medication of choice (sumatriptan, oxygen or other). sleep registration in all participants will be done by polysomnography(psg). an ultra wide band radar/movement sensor device will be used to detect sleep patterns, together with wrist pulse oximetry and wrist actigraphy during psg and the last week of each treatment period. neurophysiologic tests such as temperature and pressure thresholds will be measured before psg and after each treatment period.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * fulfils the diagnostic criteria for chronic cluster headache according to ichd-3 beta 3.1.2. * is able to separate cluster headache attacks from other types of headache. * agrees to maintain current preventive headache and sleep medication regimens (no change in type, frequency, or dose) during the whole study period. * signed informed consent. exclusion criteria: * disorders with contraindications for use of continuous positive airway pressure (e.g. unable to remove the ventilation mask due to a movement disorders). * nightly cluster headache attacks * pregnancy or planned pregnancy * having had a change in type, dosage or dose frequency of preventive headache or sleep medications \< 1 months prior to inclusion. * severe depression or other psychiatric disorder that may interfere with the treatment. * abuse of alcohol or illicit drugs. * other severe chronic pain conditions

Keywords: continuous positive airway pressure sleep apnea, obstructive polysomnography