Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
vitamin c chewing gum, pregnancy nausea and vomiting

Conditions: Pregnancy Nausea and Vomiting

Summary: although there are studies in the literature examining the effects of chewing gum or using vitamin c on nausea and vomiting symptoms, no study has been found examining the effect of vitamin c gum on the severity of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. this study aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin c gum on the severity of pregnancy nausea and vomiting.

one of the problems that occur during pregnancy, the etiology of which is not fully known, is nausea and vomiting experienced during early pregnancy (taşkın, 2019). meta-analysis studies indicate that the prevalence of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy is between 35% and 91% (matthews et al., 2015; sridharan and sivaramakrishnan, 2018). nausea and vomiting usually occur on days 4-6. it starts in weeks 9-16 of pregnancy. it peaks in the following weeks (matthews et al., 2015). risk factors for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy are not known precisely. while the increase in human chorionic gonadotropin hormone and estrogens in the blood seems to be the possible cause, hormonal factors such as prostaglandin e2, thyroxine and prolactin are probably added to this (bustos et al., 2017). there are many pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods with proven effects in the treatment of pregnancy nausea and vomiting. pharmacological treatments include antiemetics, anticholinergics, antihistamines, dopamine antagonists, vitamins (b6 and b12), h3 antagonists or combinations of these substances (erişen et al., 2021). non-pharmacological methods include some interventions such as acustimulation, acupuncture, chamomile, ginger, peppermint oil, lemon oil, and vitamin b6 (matthews et al., 2015). pregnant women with nausea and vomiting generally do not want to receive pharmacological treatment due to concerns about the negative effects of drugs on the fetus. it is stated that various vitamin-based products such as b6, b12 and herbal treatments such as ginger, mint, peppermint oil and lemon are effective and safe in pregnancy nausea and vomiting (sarecka-hujar and szulc-musioł, 2022).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years and over, * at least primary school graduate, * married, * those who are younger than the 16th week of pregnancy, * those who complain of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, * those who agreed to participate in the study. exclusion criteria: * those who have a health problem that may cause nausea and vomiting in their current pregnancy, * those receiving any antiemetic treatment, * smokers.
study of cp-690,550 versus placebo in rheumatoid arthritis patients on background methotrexate with inadequate response to tumor necrosis factor (tnf) inhibitors

Conditions: Arthritis, Rheumatoid

Summary: this study will test if cp-690,550 is safe and effective in rheumatoid arthritis patients taking methotrexate who have an inadequate response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitor treatment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis on a stable dose of methotrexate who have inadequate response to tumor necrosis factor (tnf) inhibitors. exclusion criteria: * pregnancy, severe acute or chronic medical conditions, including serious infections or clinically significant laboratory abnormalities.

Keywords: randomized double-blind placebo-controlled investigational drug oral therapy safety and efficacy
liposomal bupivacaine in one-level instrumented posterior spinal fusion

Conditions: Lumbar Spinal Stenosis; Lumbar Disc Herniation; Lumbar Disc Disease; Lumbar Spondylolisthesis

Summary: this study will describe postoperative pain management for spine surgery patients receiving liposomal bupivacaine (exparel®) compared to patients not receiving the drug.

this study will describe postoperative pain management for spine surgery patients receiving liposomal bupivacaine (exparel®) compared to patients not receiving the drug. it is a prospective, randomized clinical trial with two cohorts: group a: standard of care (soc) plus liposomal bupivacaine (n=30) and group b: soc (n=30). all subjects will undergo open single-level posterior decompression and instrumented fusion for degenerative spondylolisthesis. the surgery is not an experimental procedure. prior to closing the surgical wound, liposomal bupivacaine will be administered to group a. the administration of the drug is a study procedure, but note that this is an indicated use of the drug. postoperatively, subjects will be assessed for pain and opioid consumption. the investigator's hypothesis for statistical analysis is that there will be a 30% decrease in pain medication requirement for the experimental group (group a: liposomal bupivacaine ) versus the control group (group b: no liposomal bupivacaine).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * has a primary diagnosis of single-level lumbar stenosis, disc herniation, and/or spondylolisthesis excluding degenerative disc disease * receives open, one-level posterior spinal fusion exclusion criteria: * is opioid-tolerant. opioid tolerant patients are receiving, for one week or longer, at least 60 mg oral morphine/day, 25 mcg transdermal fentanyl/hour, 30 mg oral oxycodone/day, 8 mg oral hydromorphone/day, 25 mg oral oxymorphone/day, or an equianalgesic dose of another opioid. * experienced intraoperative complications (i.e., a dural tear or durotomy). intra- and post-operative data will be excluded from the analysis for these patients. * has severe liver disease. bupivacaine is primarily metabolized in the liver via conjugation with glucuronic acid. patients with liver disease, especially severe disease may be more susceptible to toxicity. * has severe renal disease. bupivacaine and the metabolite are primarily excreted by the kidneys. excretion can be significantly changed by urinary perfusion, the presence of renal disease, factors affecting urinary ph, and renal blood flow * is less than 18 years old. * is pregnant. * cannot read and speak english.
prognosis scoring system for acute-on-chronic liver failure

Conditions: Liver Failure

Summary: this research is to establish a simple and practical system to predict the prognosis of sever hepatitis b.seven factors (level of serum total bilirubin, prothrombin time, severity of hepatic encephalopathy, hepatorenal syndrome,ascites ,infection and size of liver) which were easier to evaluate and more influential， were included to establish a prognosis scoring system．the scorings of a new score system and meld were graded at the same time in the patients with sever hepatitis b. and then the distribution figures of survival rates and mortality rates were done according to the scores from low to high. the features of distribution figures of two score system in survival rates and mortality rates and significances of clinical application in certain score were interpreted.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * serum hepatitis b surface antigen(hbsag) positive for at least 6 months; * all patients had a poor general condition, manifested as general malaise, fatigue, jaundice and so on; * serum t-bil of 171 mmol/l or more; or serum t-bil rises 17.1 mmol/l or more per day; exclusion criteria: * superinfection or co-infection with hepatitis a, c, d, e, cytomegalovirus and hiv, or epstein-barr virus; * other liver diseases such as alcoholic liver disease, drug-induced hepatitis, wilson disease and autoimmune hepatitis; * ascites or gastrointestinal bleeding or peptic ulcer or esophageal varix by electronic gastroscope examination; * decompensated liver cirrhosis; * severe bacterial or fungal infections; * a history of diabetes or cardiac disease or hypertension or nephrosis.
brain ketone metabolism in type 1 diabetes

Conditions: Type 1 Diabetes; Hypoglycemia

Summary: this study is designed to examine the value of infusing bhb in type 1 diabetic subjects during experimentally induced hypoglycemic episode in conjunction with testing of cognitive function. this will lay the basis for subsequent trials exploring the novel use of therapeutic doses of oral ketone formulations that are currently under commercial development, which could serve as adjunct therapies to protect the brain from hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetic subjects experiencing recurrent hypoglycemia.

healthy controls as well as type 1 diabetic subjects will undergo a hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp with concomitant bhb or saline (control) infusion in random order. during each experimental condition the participants will complete a battery of validated cognitive tests that are sensitive to the cognitive impairment typically caused by hypoglycemia. an additional healthy control arm was added to the study design after the initial registration as a 2 arm study, to provide imaging results of normal healthy responses to hypoglycemia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. type 1 diabetes mellitus of \> 5 years (c-peptide negative, age 18-60 years, on intensive insulin therapy (hba1c \<7.5%) 2. non-diabetic volunteers, age 18-65 years that do not meet any of the exclusion criteria. exclusion criteria: 1. pregnancy 2. significant baseline anemia (hemoglobin \<11.0 or hematocrit \< 33%) 3. a history of liver cirrhosis or porto-caval shunt surgery. 4. any contraindications for mri scanning. 5. subjects that follow a vegetarian diet 6. subjects that exercise heavily on a regular basis (i.e. marathon runners, body builders or other forms of excessive exercise as determined by the pi) 7. subjects with a history of anxiety/ panic attacks

Keywords: brain metabolism cognitive function
effects of kegel exercises and myokinetic release of trigger points in primary dysmenorrhea

Conditions: Primary Dysmenorrhea

Summary: the rationale of this study is despite the widespread belief that exercise can reduce dysmenorrhea, evidence-based studies are limited. studies are therefore required to evaluate the association between quality of life and the primary dysmenorrheal females, the functional impact on the quality of life and primary dysmenorrhea females also it's a crucial time for females to focus on their studies and dysmenorrhea can add to the fatigue levels and cause distress in this age group thus the purpose of this study is to determine whether myokinetic active release of trigger points in the rectus abdominis, gluteus medius and quadratus lumborum is a more effective way to reduce dysmenorrhea than kegel exercises

existing research may concentrate on specific interventions or populations, leaving a void in our knowledge of the possible synergistic effects of various exercises when done both alone and in combination, studies have provided that dysmenorrhea is treated with pelvic floor strengthening however, there is little evidence that myokinetic involvement can lead to progressive outcomes. given the interdependence of physiology, anatomy and dysfunction. myokinetic trigger point release may be helpful in promoting the recovery of primary dysmenorrhea.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 17-25 years * diagnosed cases of dysmenorrhea * subject having trigger point in rectus abdominins, quadratus lumborum and gluteus medius * with regular cycles 21-35 days lasting 3-7 days exclusion criteria: * oral contraceptives used for menstrual irregularity * other gynecological disease like fibroids, endometriosis * who take analgesia * endometrial polyp, having pelvic infection using iud, having venous congestion in internal genital organs.

Keywords: trigger points
breathing-induced myocardial and cerebral perfusion in anxiety disorders

Conditions: Generalized Anxiety Disorder; Oxygenation Sensitive CMR

Summary: this study aims to view variations in mri measurements of the heart and the brain in people with anxiety versus healthy volunteers. the mri measurements used will be oxygenation-sensitive cardiac mri (os-cmr), a recent type of mri which is safe, fast, and non-invasive.

the investigators will prospectively analyze os-cmr data from patients with a generalized anxiety disorder from one site. the investigators will observe how an anxiety disorder affects the os-cmr data. in a follow-up mri scan, the investigators will look at the os-cmr of a subgroup who have anxiety disorder and are also undertaking cognitive behavioural therapy to asses how and if this therapy affects the os-cmr data.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patient population: age 18-55, * confirmation of an anxiety disorder as identified by the pswq, * no known, current or history, of significant medical conditions that may affect or directly involve the neurological, cardiovascular or respiratory system (except anxiety and depression) * non-smoker healthy volunteers: * age 18-55 * no known, current or history, of significant medical conditions that may affect or directly involve the neurological, cardiovascular or respiratory system * non-smoker exclusion criteria: * general mri contraindications: pacemakers, defibrillating wires, implanted defibrillators, intracranial aneurysm clips, metallic foreign bodies in the eyes, pregnancy * history of significant neurological disease or illness that is not anxiety (e.g. dementia, stroke) * hemodynamically unstable conditions * significant or uncontrolled arrhythmias * severe pulmonary disease * recent (\<90 days) myocardial infarction * recent (\<90 days) surgery or coronary intervention * consumption of caffeine (caffeinated beverages, coffee, tea, cocoa, chocolate) within 12h of the exam * use of benzodiazepines or other short-acting anxiety medications (\<1 day)
safety and effectiveness of opicapone plus standard of care in elderly patients with parkinson's disease

Conditions: Parkinson Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to describe the safety and efficacy of opicapone plus standard of care in elderly patients with pd in the real-world setting

this will be a multinational, multicentre, prospective non-interventional study in elderly patients with pd. approximately 100 patients with pd will be recruited by specialists from approximately 37 sites in european countries. the total enrolment period will be one year, and each patient will be followed for up to one year after enrolment. pd patients with end-of-dose motor fluctuations suitable for additional treatment optimization will be included in the study and split into 2 cohorts: * cohort 1: 50 patients; standard of care (including l-dopa) + starting opicapone * cohort 2: 50 patients; standard of care (including l-dopa data will be collected at baseline (date of enrolment), 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months after enrolment. this non-interventional study does not recommend the use of any specific treatments. use of opicapone and of standard of care are only driven by the physician's decision.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient or legally acceptable representative willing and able to provide informed consent as mandated by local regulation * patient with clinical diagnosis of idiopathic pd (excluding non-idiopathic pd: atypical parkinsonism, secondary \[acquired or symptomatic\] parkinsonism, parkinson-plus syndrome) * patient with age \>=75 years at enrolment * patient with end-of-dose motor fluctuations suitable for additional treatment optimization exclusion criteria: * patient concurrently participating in any clinical trial * patient who used tolcapone or opicapone previously * for the patient who starts opicapone: concomitant treatment with entacapone or tolcapone is not allowed * patient with any contraindications to ongentys use * patient with any concomitant medical condition that could interfere with study assessments
is fat in the liver a marker of post-pregnancy glycaemic deterioration in women with gestational diabetes?

Conditions: Gestational Diabetes

Summary: the aim of this study is to utilise ultrasound, using an established method for detecting nafld, to determine whether the presence of nafld in women with gdm, detected during routine scanning, is a marker of deterioration in glycaemic status post-partum. we propose to assess the relationship between nafld and surrogates for insulin resistance as well as glycaemic status, insulin sensitivity and β-cell function, after delivery. the study is not seeking to compare the incidence of t2dm between those with and without nafld. this would require a longer follow-up and larger cohort size. instead, it aims to quantify the degree of early deterioration of glycaemic status in these groups using insulin resistance markers. this is a clinically important issue as a greater level of insulin resistance would in itself trigger clinical intervention, including vigilant follow-up and empowerment for proactive healthy life style changes, which have been shown to prevent diabetes development .


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 18 and over * pregnant women diagnosed with gdm based on ogtt exclusion criteria: * women with known type 1 or type 2 diabetes prior to pregnancy * women with known history of liver disease including alcoholic liver disease * women unable or unwilling to consent to be part of the study * women with contraindication to mri
mt2022-60: ph 2 study of pembro+ beam with asct for relapsed hodgkin lymphoma

Conditions: Autologous Stem Cell Transplant; Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma

Summary: this is a phase 2 single arm study to evaluate efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab before with beam asct followed by pembrolizumab maintenance for 1 year. patients will receive 200 mg pembrolizumab q3week starting at day - 28 before stem cell transplant until 1 year after autologous stem cell transplant.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * eligible for autologous stem cell transplant (asct) with beam conditioning regimen * kps greater than 70 or ecog ≤ 1 * adequate organ function and blood counts within 14 days of study registration * participants who are hbsag positive are eligible if they have received hbv anti-viral therapy for at least 4 weeks, and have undetectable hbv viral load prior to randomization. * participants with a history of hcv infection are eligible if hcv viral load is undetectable at screening. * hiv-infected participants must have well-controlled hiv on art exclusion criteria: * patients with prior history of autoimmune reaction to pd-1 inhibitors greater than or equal to grade 3. * has received prior radiotherapy within 2 weeks of start of study intervention or radiation-related toxicities requiring corticosteroids. * has received a live vaccine or live-attenuated vaccine within 30 days before the first dose of study intervention. administration of killed vaccines is allowed. * has received any chemotherapy within 3 weeks prior to the first dose of study intervention * has known active cns disease. * history of or active autoimmune disease, or other syndrome that requires systemic steroids or autoimmune agents. exceptions: participants with vitiligo, resolved childhood asthma or atopy, hypothyroidism, or sjogren's syndrome, as well as participants requiring only intranasal steroids, intermittent use of bronchodilators, local steroid injections, or physiologic replacement doses of prednisone (≤ 10 mg/d) may enroll. * has had an allogenic tissue/solid organ transplant. * pregnant or breastfeeding as agents used in this study are pregnancy category d (positive evidence of risk). females of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test (serum or urine) within 14 days of study registration

Keywords: beam chl asct
evaluation of 18f-tfb pet/ct scan in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer

Conditions: Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma; Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma; Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma

Summary: this phase ii study evaluates f-18 tetrafluoroborate (18f-tfb) pet/ct scan in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. diagnostic imaging is necessary for planning treatment, monitoring therapy response, and identifying sites of recurrent or metastatic disease in differentiated thyroid cancer. 18f-tfb pet/ct may accurately detect recurrent and metastatic thyroid cancer lesions, with the potential to provide information for patient management that is better than the current standard of care imaging practices.

primary objectives: i. evaluate fluorine f 18 tetrafluoroborate (18f-tfb) positron emission tomography (pet)/computed tomography (ct) imaging in patients with intermediate or high risk differentiated thyroid cancer (dtc) and compare to the current clinical standard. ii. assess the impact of 18f-tfb pet/ct on clinical management. outline: patients receive fluorine f 18 tetrafluoroborate intravenously (iv) and undergo pet/ct scan on study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject has biopsy-proven papillary or follicular thyroid cancer * subject is clinically indicated for 123i-spect/ct total body iodine (tbi) scan * subject agrees to undergo 18f-tfb pet/ct scan following tbi scan * karnofsky performance status of \>= 50 (or eastern cooperative oncology group \[ecog\]/world health organization \[who\] equivalent) * subject is able to be scanned - able to lie still on spect/ct and pet/ct scanner table for up to 65 minutes (min) * age 18 or older * ability to understand a written informed consent document, and the willingness to sign it * subject is not pregnant exclusion criteria: * contrast-enhanced ct within 4 last weeks * amiodarone within last 4 months * ingested iodine, kelp tablets, lugols iodine, or potassium iodide (sski) within 2 weeks * unable to lie flat, still or tolerate a pet scan * applied betadine, iodoform, or quick tanning products to skin within last two weeks * if using medication withdrawal for stimulation, then exclude if thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh) level \< 25 * taken anti-thyroid medication within 1 week * subject is breastfeeding * positive pregnancy test
a clinical registry to collect patient outcome date for the biomet® stimulator systems

Conditions: Fusion of Spine (Disease); Fractures, Ununited

Summary: the purpose of this clinical registry is to capture data on an ongoing basis from a population of patients who will use biomet's bhs, orthopak and spinalpak devices.

the purpose of this clinical registry is to capture current, real-world, bone specific healing data from the medical records of patients being treated with a biomet® ebi bone healing system (bhs), the biomet® orthopak® non-invasive bone growth stimulator system, or the biomet® spinalpak® non-invasive spine fusion stimulator system. this study will provide current data on the effectiveness of these electrical stimulation devices.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subject has agreed to undergo electrical stimulation therapy as prescribed by their physician. 2. subject has agreed to return to the physician for their physician required follow up visits. 3. subject will undergo treatment with biomet's bhs, orthopak or spinalpak devices. 4. subject has agreed to complete qol questionnaires prior to starting treatment and at the follow up visit when the physician has determined the subject to be either healed or failed. exclusion criteria: 1. any subject not willing to comply with the physician prescribed treatment program and follow up visit schedule. 2. any subject not willing to complete the qol questionnaires.