Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effect of gutamine administration in the innate immune system response in icu patients.

Conditions: Moderate to Severe Trauma, as Defined by an; Injury Severity Score (ISS) > 12 Points Were Included in the Study.

Summary: glutamine is the most abundant nonessential amino acid in the human body. besides its role as a constituent of proteins and its importance in amino acid transamination, glutamine may modulate immune cells. the innate immune system is the first line of host defence against pathogens and in most cases sufficient to eliminate invading microbes. mammalian toll-like receptors (tlr) comprise a family of germ line-encoded trans-membrane receptors which activation leads to the induction of inflammatory responses, phagocytosis but also to the development of antigen specific adapative immunity. it has been postulated though not formally proven yet that glutamine beneficial effect could be due to a positive effect on the innate immune system. given the importance of tlrs and tlrs-dependent signalling in host defence against infections we hypothesized that glutamine may increase the expression and/or functionality of tlrs which in turn may have beneficial effects to clear infections.

objective: to evaluate whether glutamine supplementation alters the expression and functionality of tlr2 and tlr4 in circulating monocytes of trauma patients admitted to the icu. specifically the next variables were measured: * expression of tlr2 and tlr4 in peripheral blood monocytes was determined by flow cytometry * to study the functionality of tlr2 and tlr4, monocytes were stimulated with tlr specific agonists and cytokines were measured in cell culture supernatants. we determined the concentration of il-1β, il-6, tnfα and il-10 in cell culture supernatants using a bead array elisa. * to determine the phagocytic capability of monocytes, live escherichia coli expressing green fluorescent protein was added to 100 μl of whole blood collected in k2-anticoagulation medium tubes. bacteria were added at a ratio of 100 bacteria per monocyte. the analyses were carried out in an epics xl flow cytometer.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 18 and 75 years (inclusive). * moderate to severe trauma, as defined by an injury severity score (iss) \> 12 points were included in the study * traumatic patients who required total parenteral nutrition exclusion criteria: * patients who were under 17 and over 76 years of age, * patients whose life expectancy was less than 5 days * patientes allergic to glutamine. * patients with any basic pathology included any serious immune system condition (diabetes, hiv, lupus, etc.) or who, in their long-term treatment prior to admission to icu, received corticoids or any other immunosuppressant medication. * pregnant women.
effectiveness assessment of vaccinating schoolchildren against influenza

Conditions: Influenza; Acute Respiratory Infection

Summary: vaccinating schoolchildren against influenza would prevent the disease among non-vaccinated household members.

children and adolescents play an important role in sustaining the transmission of influenza. moreover, with the occurrence of influenza in children, there are important socioeconomic consequences to families affected by the disease, related to absenteeism, expenditure on health services and medication use. this study presents an evaluation of direct and indirect effectiveness of influenza vaccination in school age children and their unvaccinated household contacts. it was conducted in 2009, in sao paulo - brazil, through a randomized double-blind community trial, with six months of follow up. for the evaluation of vaccine effectiveness, the influenza vaccine was used for the experimental group, and meningitis conjugate and varicella vaccines for the control group. after vaccination, the volunteers and their families were followed for six months, in order to identify cases of acute respiratory infection (ari) and to collect biological samples for testing with rt-pcr for diagnosis of influenza.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * older than six years of age; * live in the study area; * parent consent to participate, by signing the informed consent form; * no history of anaphilaxis or hipersensitivity to eggs or eggs proteins; * no history no history anaphilaxis or hipersensitivity to any substances; * no acute disease at the moment of vaccination * no use of immunesupressant drugs; * not have received any other vaccine in the previous six months; * no participation in other clinical trial in the previous six months. exclusion criteria: * any condition above mentioned.

Keywords: influenza vaccination vaccines schoolchildren effectiveness intervention studies adolescents laboratory confirmed influenza
facilitated tucking position's effect on comfort and breastfeeding

Conditions: Breastfeeding, Exclusive; Position; Preterm Birth

Summary: this study investigated the effect of facilitated tucking in the early postpartum period on preterm neonate comfort and breastfeeding performance.

individualized developmental care (idc) offered by nicus yields positive outcomes in preterm neonates and neonates. those positions should be comfortable and safe to promote physiological stability and optimal neuromotor development. the facilitated tucking position is the position of the baby in its mother's womb. it calms the neonate and helps it feel safe and maintain body control. it also improves sleep quality, stabilizes physiological parameters, gives a sense of security, supports motor development, and optimizes energy use. the facilitated tucking position makes it easier for preterm neonates to undergo invasive procedures (heel blood collection, aspiration etc.). however, there is no published research examining the effect of the facilitated tucking position in the early postpartum period on physiological parameters, comfort, and breastfeeding performance in preterm neonates.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * born at 35-37 weeks of gestation, * appropriate weight for the week of gestation, * 1-min and 5-min apgar score of ≥ 8, * no oxygen therapy, * no anatomical and physiological problems, * showing no signs of illness, * no congenital disorder, * no breastfeeding problems exclusion criteria: * no parental consent * medical intervention other than the follow-up

Keywords: facilitated tucking breastfeeding performance comfort preterm
small versus large bite closure of emergency midline laparotomy

Conditions: Hernia, Ventral

Summary: in daily practice, midline laparotomy is an incision frequently performed by surgeons to achieve a rapid and wide access to the abdomen. however, incisional hernia stands as the most common complication following this type of incision, with an incidence reaching up to 20% and even higher in the case of emergency laparotomy. a recent randomized controlled trial compared small bite sutures and large bite closure of elective midline laparotomy and reported a significant decrease of incisional hernia rate from 18% to 5.6% in favor of small-bite technique. these promising results were subsequently confirmed in a wide-scale multicenter double-blinded randomized trial, the stitch study. the investigators will conduct this randomized controlled trial to compare the small tissue bite (sb) technique and the large bite (lb) technique for closure of emergency midline laparotomy. the main outcome of the study will be the incidence of incisional hernia within one year after surgery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients of both sexes aging less than 70 years old exclusion criteria: * all procedures which will be performed on elective basis will be excluded * patients who are pregnant. * patients on systemic steroid or chemotherapy * patients with incisional hernia or fascial defect; and/or relaparotomy within 30-days of another surgical intervention.
adolescent drug and hiv prevention in south africa

Conditions: Substance-Related Disorders; Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Summary: the purpose of this trial is to test the effectiveness of a classroom-based prevention program (healthwise: learning life skills for young adults) to reduce the risk of hiv/aids and stis, as well as substance use, among adolescents in one area of south africa.

recent estimates of the incidence of hiv among south african youth reveal rates to be among the highest in the world. research shows that the sexual behaviors that put youth at increased risk for hiv often occur in the context of substance use. consequently, effective prevention programs will most likely target both types of risk behavior. research and theory also suggest that a positive youth development approach may be an useful way to reduce risk behavior. therefore, our study involves the implementation of a classroom-based leisure, life-skill, and sexuality education curriculum, healthwise: learning life skills for young adults. this program is designed to reduce substance use and sexual risk behavior and to increase healthy leisure behavior and intra- and interpersonal skills. students from 4 high schools are currently receiving the healthwise lessons in the 8th and 9th grades; students from 5 other schools serve as controls. participants complete survey assessments on palmpilots twice per year, until they leave school. three cohorts of students are participating in this trial. our hypothesis is that healthwise participants will engage in less risk behavior than controls. this will be tested using various statistical methodologies, including multiple regression, structural equation modeling, and growth modeling.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * attending one of nine secondary schools involved in the healthwise south africa research trial exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: adolescent adolescent behavior adolescent development drinking behavior health behavior reproductive behavior sexual behavior south africa
highest weight loss and abdominal adiposity loss with hypocaloric diet plan and auricular acupuncture

Conditions: Weight Loss; Abdominal Obesity

Summary: the implications of obesity, especially visceral fat, in health are well known. it would be desirable to control obesity by safe and effective treatment modalities. aim: to assess the effectiveness of auricular acupuncture (aa) on body weight loss in a portuguese sample.

methods: after a pre-study, a prospective experimental randomized, controlled and single-blinded study was conducted. the sample included 31 adult women with ages ranging from 20 to 51 years old. the groups had a frequency of physical activity ≥ 2 and ≤ 4 times per week. individuals with bmi ≤ 24.9 kg/m2 and pregnant women excluded from the study. all participants were then randomized into one of three groups: group 1 was treated with vaccaria seeds plus diet therapy, group 2 with asp needles plus diet therapy and finally, group 3 received only diet therapy. a licensed nutritionist prescribed the hypocaloric diet plan. baseline evaluation included anthropometric measures collected according to standardized procedures. they received two treatments per week for a total of 6 weeks. after one month of follow-up, all the anthropometric measures were reevaluated. main parameters: weight/body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis. secondary parameters: waist to height ratio (whtr), weight and body mass index (bmi).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults * unfamiliar to acupuncture exclusion criteria: * psychotropic medication * psychiatric or thyroid disorders * pregnancy
ultrasound guided serratus anterior versus erector spinae block in pain alleviation in acute herpes zoster

Conditions: Acute Herpes Zoster Neuropathy

Summary: acute herpes zoster pain is very severe . conventional analgesics may be of no value. regional blocks may play a role


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult population between 30 and 75 years old. * unilateral painful thoracic herpetic eruption of less than one week duration. * vas more than or equal 4, persistent pain in spite of proper antiviral and analgesic therapy, (800 mg oral acyclovir, 5 times per day, for one week), pregabalin 300 mg per day, acetaminophen 1000 mg per day, topical calamine lotion). exclusion criteria: * diabetic patients. * painful herpetic eruptive vesicles more than one week. * abdominal herpetic eruptions. * non-compliant on anti-viral (bulbar palsy for example). * co-malignancy or radiotherapy. * steroid therapy \> 5 mg prednisolone or its equivalent. * infections or hematoma at site of injection. * coagulopathy (chronic kidney or liver disease, clopidogrel use).
knowledge and needs of nursing in relation to the treatment complex wounds

Conditions: Nurse's Role; Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Wound

Summary: study with cross-sectional and descriptive mixed methodology. with questionnaires with likert-type questions (0-10) being the 10 with the highest score, and open questions in relation to knowledge in wound care; include all corporaciló sanitària parc taulí (ccspt) nurses who voluntarily want to participate in a pseudo-anonymized surv

introduction a complex wound is a skin injury with little or no tendency to heal as long as the cause that produces it is present. complex wounds that are difficult to heal or develop torpid or refractory to the usual treatments, do not evolve adequately in the expected time (\> 6 weeks). the clinical practice we find is completely heterogeneous among professionals who care for people with injuries. objects describe the knowledge and training needs perceived by nurses in the approach to people with complex wounds of the ccspt. to explore the difficulties and facilitating elements that professionals perceive when dealing with people with complex wounds, from the reference area of the parc taulí university hospital, over a period of 12 months. explain tools with scientific evidence for correct continuity of care. methodology: study with cross-sectional and descriptive mixed methodology. with questionnaires with likert-type questions and open questions in relation to knowledge in wound care; include all ccspt nurses who voluntarily want to participate in a pseudo-anonymized survey. expected results: current situation of the knowledge, needs, limiting and facilitating elements that nursing professionals have to address people with injuries.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * nurses who take care of people with both adult and pediatric injuries. * nurses who give their informed consent to participate in the study voluntarily. exclusion criteria: * nurses who do not want to participate in the study voluntarily. * nurses who do not have healthcare activities (due to workplace, due to long-term illness, absence from work)

Keywords: nurses complex wounds knowledge
intravenous magnesium sulfate vs placebo to treat non -traumatic acute headaches in the emergency department

Conditions: Head Pain

Summary: intravenous magnesium sulfate vs placebo to treat non -traumatic acute headaches in the emergency department

rate of intravenous magnesium sulfate vs placebo to treat non -traumatic acute headaches in the emergency department

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * informed consent * age \>18 years * acute non-traumatic acute headaches * patients treated in ed * magnesium sulfate and aspirin administered intravenously (iv) exclusion criteria: * current regular use of analgesics, anticonvulsants or antidepressants * renal disorder with a low glomerular filtration rate (\<60 ml/min) * neuromuscular disorder * pregnant woman * contrindication * allergy to nsaid * traumatic headache * chronic headache ( headache occurring at least 15 days per month for at least 3 months) * hemodynamic instability

Keywords: intavenous magnesium sulfate nontraumatic acute headaches placebo
extension to a study on the efficacy and safety of vildagliptin in combination with glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: many people with type 2 diabetes cannot maintain target blood glucose levels when taking a single oral drug. this is a 28-week extension to a study to assess the safety and effectiveness of vildagliptin, an unapproved drug, in lowering overall blood glucose levels when added to glimepiride in people with type 2 diabetes not at target blood glucose levels on a sulfonylurea alone. the purpose of the extension study is to gather data on the long-term safety and effectiveness of vildagliptin in people with type 2 diabetes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * only patients successfully completing study claf237a2305 are eligible * written informed consent * ability to comply with all study requirements exclusion criteria: * premature discontinuation from study claf237a2305 * other protocol-defined exclusion criteria may apply

Keywords: type 2 diabetes vildagliptin
the frequency of central sensitization in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain

Conditions: Central Sensitisation; Chronic Musculoskeletal Disease; Chronic Pain

Summary: central sensitization is as increased response to normal or sub-threshold stimuli of central nervous system and its close relationship with in many musculoskeletal diseases with chronic pain has been demonstrated in several studies. however, the effect of central sensitization on disability in these patients is not fully known. in this study, it was aimed to investigate the frequency of central sensitization and its effect on patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain who were admitted to physical medicine and rehabilitation outpatient clinics.

the term central sensitization (cs) was first used in 1988 and was explained as the increase in pain sensitivity with the amplification of neuron-derived signals in the central nervous system. with the development of cs, a decrease in the pain threshold and an increase in generalized sensitivity occur. there is no method for the diagnosis of cs is accepted as a gold standard. clinical scales and quantitative sensory testing (qst) is used for this purpose widely. in addition, the well-known scale used for the evaluation of cs is the central sensitization inventory (csi), developed for detect cs in chronic pain patients. the use of csi, which is more practical to use, is becoming widespread because qst takes time, is costly and requires experienced practitioners. the prevalence of chronic pain is reported as 30% in europe and has an important place among diseases that cause disability worldwide. until this time, the relationship between cs and many diseases that cause chronic pain has been revealed, and an increase in pain intensity, duration and prevalence has been detected in patients accompanied by cs. in addition to all these changes, the decrease in the treatment response of these patients makes the clinical management of individuals with pain sensitization even more difficult. although the increase in the frequency of cs in patients with chronic pain is known, data on the incidence of this condition in various diseases with chronic pain is limited.the frequency of cs was mostly reported in patients with low back (37.8%) and neck pain (32.4%) and the authors reported that the higher rates of disability is seen in patients with high csi scores. similarly, in this study, it was planned to show the relationship between cs and disability in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * have musculoskeletal pain that lasts for at least 3 months * accepting to participate in the study exclusion criteria: * have rheumatic disease

Keywords: central sensitization central sensitization inventory disability chronic pain
normobaric hyperoxia stabilizing ischemic penumbra

Conditions: Acute Ischemic Stroke

Summary: to investigate the safety and efficacy of normobaric hyperoxia (nbo) stabilizing penumbra in acute ischemic stroke patients.

all the enrolled patients were randomly assigned to nbo and control group. nbo group will be given 100% oxygen ( (10l/min for 4h) via a storage oxygen face mask and control group will be given oxygen using nasal oxygen(2l/min for 4h) .

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age≥18岁 * the signs and symptoms are consistent with anterior circulation infarction, and baseline nihss score：6-20 * level of consciousness on admission：0-1 * mrs score before stroke: 0-1 * patients who did not receive revascularization therapy * the time from onset (finally normal) to randomization is less than 24h * patients who signed informed consent * cta or mra confirmed internal carotid artery occlusion or m1/m2 segment occlusion of middle cerebral artery * the low-perfusion area with tmax\>6s was larger than the core infarction, and the mismatch ratio was greater than or equal to 1.8. exclusion criteria: * evidence of rapid improvement in neurological function and nihss score \<6, or spontaneous recanalization before randomization * the disease affecting assessment of baseline nihss score (dementia, epilepsy, neuromuscular disease, or psychiatric disease) * symptoms suggesting subarachnoid hemorrhage (even if ct scan is normal) * combined with the history, cerebral embolism due to sepsis or infective endocarditis was suspected * active or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia, pleural effusion, acute respiratory distress syndrome, irregular breathing * it is necessary to inhale (\>3l/min) oxygen to maintain peripheral arterial oxygen saturation (sao2\>95%) * anemia or polycythemia vera or other conditions needing emergency oxygen patients * patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding or nausea and vomiting can not complete inhalation oxygen using face mask * baseline blood glucose \ 22.2mmol/l * baseline platelet count \<50×109/l * hereditary or acquired bleeding tendency, lack of coagulation factor, recent oral anticoagulant inr\>3 or ppt more than 3 times * unstable vital signs (heart rate ≤50 beats/min or ≥120 beats/min, oxygen saturation ≤90%, r≥30 beats/min or ≤10 beats/min) * hypertension not controlled by medication: systolic blood pressure ≥185mmhg, or diastolic blood pressure ≥110mmhg * acute myocardial infarction suspected * pregnancy, * life expectancy \<90 days * heart, liver and kidney failure * magnetic resonance contraindications * claustrophobia * allergic to contrast media * participating in other drug or device research

Keywords: normobaric hyperoxia acute ischemic stroke penumbra