Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
cohort of inflammatory bowel disease patient in yeouido st. mary's hospital

Conditions: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Summary: pathologically inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is in chronic complex inflammatory gut pathological condition. although the etiology of ibd is unknown, gut microbiota alteration (dysbiosis) is considered a novel factor involved in the pathogenesis of ibd. the aim of this study is to analyze gut microbiota in ibd patients.

inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) (crohn's disease (cd) and ulcerative colitis (uc)) occurs worldwide with differences in epidemiology, etiology, and phenotype between regions. pathologically inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is in chronic complex inflammatory gut pathological condition. although the etiology of ibd is unknown, gut microbiota alteration (dysbiosis) is considered a novel factor involved in the pathogenesis of ibd. the dna of microbiota will be investigated with samples of stool, colon tissue. the aim is to establish a cohort group for ibd (1), to make a database on cohort group characteristics such as endoscopic findings, disease severity, epidemiology, and prognosis (2), to analyze gut flora in ibd patients (3).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the below 3 conditions must be met simultaneously. 1. patient who can voluntarily consent to this study. 2. patient who has inflammatory bowel disease. 3. patient who is aged less than 75 years. exclusion criteria: * a patient meets any of the below conditions. 1. if a patient has an ibd other than uc and cd. 2. if a patient is vulnerable due to his/her position as an employee of yeouido st.mary's hospital or a medical student of the catholic university of korea. 3. if a patient is pregnant. 4. foreign personal who cannot speak korean.

Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease
compuflo instrument for thoracic es identification

Conditions: Anesthesia; Thoracic

Summary: the purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate whether the compuflo epidural instrument injection pump technology, which is fda approved for lumbar epidural anesthesia, is also capable of identifying the thoracic epidural space through measurement of pressure levels. while this device is approved by the fda for use in the procedure of the lumbar epidural, it is not used to perform the epidural procedure but rather to measure the epidural pressure. this study will likewise measure the epidural pressure.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18 to 80 years inclusive * bmi 18.5 to 40 inclusive * scheduled for thoracic epidural anesthesia exclusion criteria: * patients younger than 18 years or older than 80 years of age * patients with bmi less than 18.5 or greater than 40 * contraindication to thoracic epidural anesthesia * allergy or hypersensitivity to local anesthetics * patients with preexisting nerve damage * patients unable to provide written informed consent * individuals of vulnerable populations: children, pregnant women, prisoners

Keywords: thoracic epidural pressure measurement device
food intake and the adolescent brain

Conditions: Feeding Behavior; Brain; Adolescent

Summary: the brain plays an integral role in how and what people eat. however, the brain's contribution to overeating is not well understood during sensitive developmental periods such as adolescence, when excessive weight gain and obesity prevalence are a significant concern.the proposed study will use functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine how the brain's response to excess energy is related to overeating in adolescents with and without obesity.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female * 13-18 years-old * resident of colorado exclusion criteria: * weigh less than 88 pounds or have a bmi% rank of \<10% for age and sex; * have a physician's diagnosis of metabolic syndrome or diabetes (type 1 or 2); * have a physician's diagnosis of anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa; * currently taking anti-psychotic medications (not including anti-depressant or anti- anxiety medications); * have a non-mri safe device (e.g. pacemaker or defibrillator) or metal in the body (e.g. metal pins, shrapnel); * experience symptoms of claustrophobia when in small or closed-off places; * are pregnant or plan to become pregnant

Keywords: pediatric obesity resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging disinhibited eating behavior
transdiagnostic internet intervention to improve mental health among university students

Conditions: Psychological Disorder

Summary: this study offers transdiagnostic cbt-based treatment for symptoms of depression and anxiety to university students who have previously responded to the who-wmh-ics survey.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * phq-9 cutoff for mild depression * gad-7 cutoff for mild anxiety exclusion criteria: * suicidal ideation or plans * severe levels of mental ill-health
efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for treating malaria in gabonese children

Conditions: Malaria

Summary: ipti, a strategy whereby infants are provided treatment doses of antimalarials at routine vaccination visits, has been shown to significantly reduce malaria and anemia in two studies in tanzania. however the results obtained in gabon are not similar. many factors are likely to influence the efficacy or effectiveness ipti. it is reasonable to assume that the efficacy of ipti will be influenced markedly by the sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum to the antimalarial drug (sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine) used for ipti. in order to interpret the results of individual ipti trials conducted by the ipti consortium, and to provide information for policy makers regarding the predicted efficacy of ipti, it is essential to obtain information on antimalarial drug sensitivity of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine now that the ipti trial has been conducted. the simplest and most universally accepted measure of testing for antimalarial drug efficacy is the "in vivo efficacy study," which follows a standardized world health organization protocol. a second reason for evaluating drug resistance as an adjunct to the ipti trials is to determine if the intervention increases the carriage and/or spread of drug resistant p. falciparum parasites. thirdly the overall effect at the community level of selection of resistant genotypes in ipti-recipients is unclear.

administration of standard single oral dose of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine to children aged 6-59 month old children in lambaréné at enrolment, if eligible according to the approved protocol. 139 subjects will be enrolled and treated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for uncomplicated malaria. thereafter each subject will be followed according to the approved protocol the proportion of subjects with adequate clinical and parasitological response (acpr) by day 28, early treatment failure (etf), late clinical failure (lcf) and late parasitological failure (lpf)will be evaluated. secondly the frequency of molecular markers for sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine drug resistance will be determined.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and female outpatients * aged 6 to 59 months * body weight between 7.5 to 30 kg * uncomplicated falciparum malaria with parasitaemia between 1,000/µl and 200,000/µl * ability to tolerate oral therapy * informed consent, oral agreement of the child if appropriate exclusion criteria: * still in ipti trial and/or still in any other intervention trial * known g6pd-deficiency * presence of severe malnutrition * inability to drink or breastfeed * recent history of convulsions, lethargy or unconsciousness; * signs of severe and complicated * mixed/mono infection that includes a non-p. falciparum species. * hb \< 7g/dl * inability to attend stipulated follow-up visits. * history of hypersensitivity reactions to the drug being evaluated

Keywords: malaria sulfadoxine pyrimethamine resistance gabon
comparing the aesthetic results of two common incisions in external rhinoplasty

Conditions: Cosmetic Outcome

Summary: there was not any randomize trial to show what is the best type of incision in open rhinoplasty. so, we use both self-rating by patients ,independent physician observers visual analogue scale (vas) and also a validated scar analysis to compare inverted v and stair step incisions.

approaches to rhinoplasty can be separated into two broad categories: external and endonasal, which each of them their own proponent. however, the external approach provide better exposure, critics against this technique is often due to cosmetic deformity regarding the incision. hence, over the recent years surgeons have modified the trans-columellar incision into two big categories: gull wing and stair steps. while each of them has its own proponents, there is no randomized trial, comparing their cosmetic results. there was not any randomize trial to show what is the best type of incision in open rhinoplasty. so, we use both self-rating by patients ,independent physician observers visual analogue scale (vas) and also a validated scar analysis to compare inverted v and stair step incisions.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients who candidate for open rhinoplasty exclusion criteria: * revision cases * history of scar * systemic diseases
a study of covid-19 patients receiving treatment with nirmatrelvir; ritonavir in the kingdom of saudi arabia

Conditions: Covid-19

Summary: the aim of this study is to describe the baseline demographic, clinical characteristics, and healthcare resource use (hcru) of adult (≥18 years) covid-19 patients who have been prescribed nirmatrelvir, ritonavir treatment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * confirmed covid-19 infection during the study observation period * nirmatrelvir, ritonavir written prescription exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: paxlovid saudi arabia
pinpointing the factors affecting clinical study experiences of pulmonary fibrosis patients

Conditions: Pulmonary Fibrosis

Summary: taking part in clinical trials usually favors a particular demographic group. but there is limited research available to explain what research attributes affect the completion of these specific demographic groups. this study will admit a wide range of data on the clinical trial experience of pulmonary fibrosis patients to determine which factors prevail in limiting a patient's ability to join or finish a trial. it will also try to analyze data from the perspective of different demographic groups to check for recurring trends which might yield insights for the sake of future pulmonary fibrosis patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient is at least 18 years of age * diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis * ability to understand the study procedures, benefits and risks, and sign a written informed consent document. exclusion criteria: * enrolled in another research study * inability to provide written informed consent * women of childbearing potential without a negative pregnancy test; or women who are lactating.

Keywords: pulmonary fibrosis
patient engagement with digital health tools in rheumatology

Conditions: Rheumatic Disease; PROM

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the patient engagement with digital tools for diagnosis and monitoring of disease in rheumatology services

the investigators plan to undertake a mixed methods study to investigate a digital algorithm to potentially inform triage of new patient referral to rheumatology services, as well as to inform follow up review schedules. current practice at out hospital is to ask all newly referred patients to complete a pre-appointment digital questionnaire prior to their clinic visit. patients who need follow up are then routinely invited to continue to return interval questionnaires related to their symptoms between clinic visits. the investigators believe that the questionnaire responses could enable appropriate (and safe) allocation to a particular clinic (e.g. urgent early arthritis clinic or general rheumatology clinic for a new referral), or define an appropriate clinic follow up interval for a repeat visit for patients with a rheumatic disease. our study aims to evaluate these questionnaires using data collected from routine clinical practice, as well a series of semi-structured interviews with service users.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: quantitative phase: * aged 18 years and above * able to complete the questionnaire in english 1. new patient pre-appointment questionnaires * referred as a new patient to the rheumatology outpatient department at guys and st thomas' trust between 01/01/2019 to 01/10/2023 and sent a digital pre-appointment questionnaire * electronic patient notes recorded between 01/01/2019 to 01/10/2024 2. follow up patients prom questionnaires * patients under followup of the rheumatology department at guys and st thomas' trust with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis or axial spondyloarthropathy who have been added to the remote monitoring program between 01/01/2019 to 01/10/2023 * electronic patient notes recorded between 01/01/2019 to 01/10/2024 inclusion criteria: qualitative phase: * aged 18 years and above 1. new patient pre-appointment questionnaires * referred as a new patient to the rheumatology outpatient department at guys and st thomas' trust between 01/01/2019 to 01/10/2023 and sent a digital pre-appointment questionnaire * able to communicate in english or any language offered for audio interpreting by the languageline service 2. follow up patients prom questionnaires * patients under followup of the rheumatology department at guys and st thomas' trust with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis or axial spondyloarthropathy who have been added to the remote monitoring program between 01/01/2019 to 01/10/2023 * able to communicate in english or any language offered for audio interpreting by the languageline service exclusion criteria: quantitative phase: * under 18 years of age * unable to complete study questionnaires exclusion criteria: qualitative phase: * under 18 years of age * patients lacking the capacity to consent for themselves for the semi-structured interview

Keywords: digital tools
compare intraperitoneal instillation of bupivacaine+dexmedetomidine versus bupivacaine+dexamethasone on postoperative pain after lap cholecystectomy

Conditions: Postoperative Pain

Summary: comparison of intraperitoneal instillation of bupivacaine with dexmedetomidine versus bupivacaine with dexamethasone on postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy

laparoscopy has become the preferred mode for many diagnostic and operative procedures. it has the advantage better cosmetic results, faster recovery, short post-operative hospital stays, and early resumption of normal activities. post-laparoscopic pain results from stretching of the intra-abdominal cavity, peritoneal inflammation, and diaphragmatic irritation caused by residual carbon-dioxide in the peritoneal cavity is very annoying to the patients. although the severity of pain after a laparoscopic procedure is less compared to laparotomy, but it is acute and can lead to increased analgesic requirements and prolonged hospital stays. several studies have evaluated post-laparoscopic pain relief methods such as intravenous analgesics analgesic patches, steroids, and intra-peritoneal instillation of local anaesthetics alone or with additives.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy * age 18-60 years * american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status i-ii exclusion criteria: * patients with diabetes mellitus * allergy to the study drugs * patients on steroids * pregnant females * patients with cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic or renal disorders
a laparoscopic and transanal total mesorectal excision (tme) for rectal cancer trial

Conditions: Colorectal Neoplasm

Summary: all patients planned for an anterior resection due to rectal cancer with a total mesorectal excision are included. this is a feasibility study, thus no randomization will be performed. primary endpoint is clinical and pathologic examination of the specimen. secondary end-points include clinical variables such as conversion rate, re-admission and/or re-operation due to any complication and health economy analyses.

the design is comparative and prospective, we will compare specimens from patients operated at our institution during the last year with standard open or laparoscopic approach with patients operated with the new technique. patients in the control arm will be patients operated prior to the commencement of the new technique or patients not eligible or possible to include in the study. it is possible to obtain a macroscopically and microscopically adequate specimen after a combined approach with laparoscopic and transanal tme compared to open or laparoscopic conventional tme.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * presenting with a rectal cancer possible to operate with a total mesorectal excision and an anastomosis according to the local multidisciplinary conference * possible to operate with laparoscopic technique * possible to operate in regard to concomitant disease * giving informed consent to participate exclusion criteria: -participation in other trials in conflict with the protocol and end-points the lata-trial

Keywords: rectal cancer surgery laparoscopy
occupational therapy in the rehabilitation of executive functions in patients with schizophrenia

Conditions: Refractory Schizophrenia

Summary: primary objective: efficacy of occupational therapy (ot) based occupational goal intervention (ogi) in improving executive functions in patients with refractory schizophrenia as measured by the bads. secondary objectives: improvement of functional aspects,basic and instrumental activities of daily living,negative symptoms and cognitive functions improvement hypothesis: ot is more effective than control group to improve executive functions in patients with refractory schizophrenia.

a single-center, randomized, single blind, controlled study, lasting one year, including the follow-up. the study is conducted in two groups:the experimental group is based on the ogi method (n=30 patients) and the control group receives craft activities (n = 30 patients). psychiatric, neuropsychological and functional aspects are assessed at the beginning, after 30 sessions and 6 months after the intervention. the scale panss (positive and negative syndrome scale) is used for monitoring psychopathological symptoms during the study. scales bads, dafs-r, ilss-br respectively assess executive functions, functionality and basic and instrumental activities of daily living. the neuropsychological evaluation includes a battery to measure attention, executive functions, memory and estimated intellectual efficiency. statistical analysis to be used: anova (analysis of variance)for repeated measures; data are also calculated to messure clinical efficacy, effect size and needed number to treat.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pacients with diagnosis of schizophrenia for dms iv-r. * pacients that signed the consent in writing and receive explanations about the nature of the study. * patients who carefully counted another responsible person to provide reliable support to the patient and ensure adherence to the same study treatment. * patients with minimum education: five years (elementary school). * patients who present rates below those expected for their age group in at least 3 of the executive functions assessed on neuropsychological tests, and evaluation of executive functions. * patients with stable clozapine and which have not been recently admitted (3 months). exclusion criteria: * comorbid diagnosis of substance dependence or other psychiatric axis i; * history of head trauma and / or other neurological problems; * medical problems that compromise somehow the central nervous system; * history of mental retardation; * patients treated with medication other than clozapine; * patients who are suffering other psychosocial treatments.

Keywords: executive functions schizophrenia occupational therapy
adult study oxytocin - fmri

Conditions: Schizophrenia; Oxytocin; Social Cognition; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

Summary: in this study, investigators will examine the behavioral effects and neurophysiological mechanisms of the pro-social neuropeptide oxytocin in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia. such research is a necessary first step towards identifying whether intranasal oxytocin administration can serve as an adjunct treatment for social impairments in schizophrenia. aim 1: to examine the effects of exogenous oxytocin on patterns of neural activation as measured by fmri during a well-characterized affect-labeling task in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia and healthy comparison subjects. hypothesis a: patients will exhibit amygdalar hyperactivity and pns hypo-activity when passively viewing faces, which will be normalized by administration of oxytocin. hypothesis b: patients will exhibit hypo-activity of the vpfc when affectively labeling faces and this hypo-activity will be normalized by oxytocin administration.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria for patients: * male * scid-iv confirmed diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder * clinically stable * no changes to medications for the past week inclusion criteria for healthy controls: * male * scid-iv confirmed no diagnosis of a current axis i disorder within the last year exclusion criteria for patients and healthy controls: * meeting criteria for current substance abuse or dependence or illicit drug use within the last month (nicotine use is acceptable) as determined by a urine toxicology drug screening * any illness that affects the nasal passages and impairs the delivery of a nasal spray * presence of any neurological or significant medical disorder, including medical illnesses that could interfere with physiological recording such as cardiac arrhythmias * a pacemaker, extensive dental work, or any magnetic metal implants and upper body tattoos * pregnancy * claustrophpbia * hearing difficulties * a history of seizures * failure to receive a passing score on the reading test additional exclusion criteria for patients and healthy controls: * taking any psychotropic medication or any medication that affects the autonomic or cardiovascular systems. * schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder in a first degree relative * failure to receive a passing score on the moca

Keywords: oxytocin syntocinon social cognition schizophrenia functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri)
resident well-being and performance

Conditions: Burnout, Psychological

Summary: this project aims to investigate the effectiveness of a meditation intervention utilizing a smart phone-based meditation app on resident burnout, well-being, and performance self-efficacy in a randomized clinical trial. 500 participants will be enrolled for a 4 week intervention.

burnout is an increasingly prevalent challenge in the medical field and especially prominent in residency. burnout negatively affects learning and decision-making, physician performance, and patient outcomes. studies have shown that mindfulness-based interventions are effective at reducing burnout and strengthening well-being in physicians. furthermore, mobile health mindfulness-based interventions have similar benefits to in-person interventions while offering the advantages of increased scalability, lack of physical constraint, and lower costs. this project will use a novel mobile health mbi and measure resident burnout, well-being, and self-efficacy in performance.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * resident in a high burnout rate specialty: family medicine, internal medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, emergency medicine, general surgery, or surgical sub-specialty (plastic surgery, urology, neurosurgery, orthopedic surgery, vascular surgery, cardiothoracic surgery, otolaryngology, ophthalmology) exclusion criteria: * participants who have previously used the hmp (a version of hmp has been freely available to the public since 2020) * participants who have been practicing meditation daily or almost daily for the prior six months

Keywords: residency well-being physician health physician burnout mindfulness mobile health