Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
epidemiology of acute kidney injury in covid19 disease in united kingdom

Conditions: COVID; AKI

Summary: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronovirus (sars-cov-2) was first described in wuhan in december 2019. it quickly spread to rest of the world and was declared pandemic by world health organisation. initial case series focused on lung involvement in the form alveolar haemorrhages and respiratory failure. however, subsequently, there have been reports of kidney involvement resulting in severe acute kidney injury. however, the reported incidence from chinese data has been less than 5% and detailed epidemiology of aki in covid-19 disease is lacking.

on 31st december 2019, a cluster of pneumonia cases were detected in hubei province of china where the cause was unclear. the cause for these cases was subsequently identified as a virus which was referred to as sars-cov-2, and the associated disease as covid-19.this evolved rapidly into a global pandemic with first case reported in uk as early as on 30th january 2020. as of 30th april 2020, there have been 3.05 million laboratory confirmed cases world-wide with 161,145 cases in united kingdom (uk) in 539,768 cases tested for covid-19. the epidemiology of covid-19 has differed in china, us and italy which have different demographic characteristics, testing methods and different ways to curb the spread of infection which can be altered by many things, including behaviour, and the stringent social distancing measure.though the pandemic started in china, as of 30th april 2020, it has reported only 58.32 cases per million people (pmp) as compared to united kingdom which has reported 2433.8 cases pmp. this has resulted in different epidemiology of covid-19 and organ system involvement. lung involvement in the form of alveolar haemorrhages and respiratory failure has been well document in patients with covid-19 and has been focus of attention, however, other organs are also affected in covid-19, but there has been limited information kidney involvement in covid patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: all patients who are admitted to the hospital with suspected covid-19 infection between 1st march 2020 and 8th may 2020 and who meet following criteria will be included 1. adult patients greater or equal to 18 years of age. 2. swab results available for sars cov-19 3. patients admitted to the hospital as per the national screening criteria exclusion criteria: the following patients will be excluded from the study 1. paediatric patients as defined by age of \<18 years of age 2. swab results which are awaited 3. patients on haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis
impact of continuous positive airway pressure (cpap) therapy on outcomes in patients undergoing coronary revascularization

Conditions: Obstructive Sleep Apnea; Ischaemic Heart Desease

Summary: investigators assume that continuous positive airway pressure (cpap) therapy can reduce the mortality, stroke rate and secondary coronary surgery in cad with obstructive sleep apnea (osa) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) or coronary artery bypass grafting (caba) during postoperative follow-up of 3 years.

investigators observe whether continuous positive airway pressure (cpap) therapy can reduce the mortality, stroke rate and secondary coronary surgery in cad with osa patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) or coronary artery bypass grafting (caba) during postoperative follow-up of 3 years. during the 3 years, we randomize all enrolled patients to 2 groups separately beginning cpap or no-cpap intervention after sleep monitoring. guidance for all patients during follow-up 1 week, 2 week, 1 month, 3 month. the follow-up procedure includes clinical assessments at three months, six months, one year, two and three years respectively.the primary outcome variables are prospectively being documented and are not subject to observer bias.baseline comorbidity data, results of the sleep recordings, compliance with cpap device, scores of the questionnaires as well as results of the blood analysis are performed and/or documented consecutively in separate files by research personnel blinded to the allocation of the study groups and/or unaware of the results of the concomitant outcomes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * angiography confirmed coronary heart disease (chd) patients * underwent pci or coronary artery bypass graft (cabg) in recent the week * signed informed consent * mild-to-moderate osa（5≤ahi≤100) exclusion criteria: * osa patients who has already started treatment * patients presenting mainly central apnea (≥ 50%) * respiratory insufficiency patients

Keywords: obstructive sleep apnea percutaneous coronary intervention coronary artery bypass graft mortality questionnaire biomarker
a trial of supplemental co2 versus room air in percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

Conditions: Pneumoperitoneum

Summary: the investigators hypothesize that using carbon dioxide for peg placement versus using room air will decrease post-procedure pneumoperitoneum as well as improve post-procedure bloating/pain, and waist circumference.

background and study aims: pneumoperitoneum following peg placement has been reported in up to 60% of cases, and while usually benign and self-limited, it can lead to evaluation for suspected perforation. this study was designed to determine whether using co2 compared to ambient air for insufflation during peg reduces post-procedure pneumoperitoneum. patients and methods: prospective, double blind, randomized trial of 35 consecutive patients undergoing peg at a single academic medical center. patients were randomized to insufflation with co2 or ambient air. primary outcome was pneumoperitoneum determined by left-lateral decubitus abdominal x-rays 30 min after peg placement. secondary endpoints included abdominal distention, pain, and bloating.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants must be over the age of 18 and need a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: peg co2 insufflation room air insufflation pneumoperitoneum
oral health educational program on oral hygiene knowledge and practices in a group of orphan children

Conditions: Dental Caries; Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice

Summary: an orphan is defined as "a child under the age of 18 whose mother, father, both parents, and a primary caregiver has died, and who is in need of care or protection". orphans, therefore, are considered disadvantaged and socially marginalized population whom diseases burden is high. egypt has 1.7 million orphaned children. the number of children between the age of 0 and 17 who are currently registered in orphanages is 12,015. dental diseases especially plaque, gingival and dental caries are highly preventable, with the highest prevalence in the developing countries. profound disparities exist in oral health status across different social and economic divisions. the pattern of orphanage living is quite different from family living as the latter provides physical security, food, and shelter but is devoid of psychological security. high prevalence of dental caries, gingivitis and dental trauma has been observed in children of orphanages. this has been attributed to many factors such as: lack of adequate staff, poor oral hygiene, improper nutrition and eating patterns, high consumption of sugary food, negligence of tooth brushing, moreover the children and caregivers knowledge, level of education and oral health illiteracy. untreated oral diseases could lead to psychological and general health problems, pain and loss in school time. recognition of these problems is essential to provide optimum oral health for these deprived children. health education is an important tool of public health and an effective primary preventive method especially for school aged children in controlling plaque, gingival and dental diseases.

the aim of this study is to raise more awareness about the causes of dental diseases (plaque, gingival and dental caries and their prevention through implementing an educational program to the orphan children focusing on tooth brushing, proper use of fluoride products and proper nutrition. the objectives of this study are to evaluate the impact of the oral health education program on the knowledge and practices of the orphans and also its effect on the gingival health and dental caries among the children in different branches of orphanages in egypt.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * orphan children aged 7 years old and above. * educated children. * no learning difficulty. * no medical conditions. exclusion criteria: * any child that refuses to participate
comparing opioids vs nsaids for postoperative pain management in unilateral primary open inguinal hernia repair

Conditions: Inguinal Hernia Unilateral; Pain Management

Summary: to control post-operative pain, multiple drugs are available, and in the western countries opioids are preferred. however, they have their own side effects, and so to reduce their dependence, multiple adjuncts are used. we compared the use of opioids vs just non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on post-operative pain control following inguinal hernia surgery

inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common surgeries performed by general surgeons worldwide. the preferred procedure for primary open inguinal hernias is open mesh repair (tension-free)-also called lichtenstein repair. opioids remain the mainstay for post-operative analgesia, however, they have a tendency for dependence along with other side effects. non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsiads) have been used as adjuncts to decrease the use of opioids, however, usually nsaids are not used in isolation following surgery. we compared post-operative analgesia following primary open inguinal hernia repair, with patients receiving only opioids vs patients only receiving nsaids. 60 patients were randomized in to 2 groups. group a patients received tramadol injection (opioid) every 8 hours, while patients in group b received injection ketorolac (nsaid) every 8 hourly. pain was measured using visual analogue score at 2-, 6-, 12- and 24-hours following surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * undergoing elective primary unilateral open inguinal hernia repair under spinal anesthesia - lichtenstein repair with prolene mesh * asa i or ii * ages 18 - 65 exclusion criteria: * patient on chronic pain meds * patient receiving analgesics 24hrs prior to surgery * incarcerated or strangulated hernia or recurrent hernia * bmi \&gt;40 * allergic to medications being tested in this study

Keywords: lichtenstein repair ketorolac tramadol opioid visual analogue score non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
hemostatic patch/collagen sealant and polyethylene glycol (hemopatch) in the postoperative of the thyroidectomy.

Conditions: Goiter

Summary: observational study with non-inferiority, prospective, randomized (1: 1) and open-label medical device. the study has 2 treatment groups (hemopatch® versus standard hemostasis).

the main objective is to determine if there is a reduction in the volume of exudate in the surgical bed with the application of the collagen and polyethylene glycol hemostatic agent. the present study includes patients undergoing total thyroidectomy for multinodular goiter in the endocrine surgery unit of the virgen del rocío university hospital. the estimated sample calculation of patients enrolled in the study is 108 (2 groups, 1:1 ratio). the patients don´t know what type of hemostatic the patients are going to receive (single blind). the duration of patient follow-up will be 30 +/- 10 days after surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients of legal age. * indication of total thyroidectomy due to multinodular goiter. * accept to enter the study and sign the informed consent. * patient willing and able to complete clinical trial procedures, as described described in the protocol. exclusion criteria: * patients under 18 years of age. * patients with surgical indication for hemithyroidectomy or subtotal thyroidectomy (eg unilateral nodular goiters). * multinodular goiter with high suspicion or preoperative diagnosis of cancer (bethesda v and vi and / or infiltration of neighboring structures on imaging tests). * known allergy or hypersensitivity to a component of the hemopatch® investigational treatments, riboflavin, or bovine proteins. * concurrent or prior therapy with systemic pharmacological agents that promote blood clotting, including, but not limited to, tranexamic acid, activated factor vii, fibrinogen, and aprotinin. * pregnancy or breastfeeding. * refuse to enter the study and sign the informed consent. * not agreeing to carry out all the planned follow-up. * concurrent participation in another clinical trial with a medical device or drug or with interfering endpoints inability to understand the nature and scope of the trial and the required procedures. criteria to be verified during surgery (intraoperative exclusion criteria): * persistent major bleeding after primary hemostasis. * infection of the surgical area.
determination of the "tissue transit time" (ttt)

Conditions: Renal Insufficiency, Acute

Summary: determination of tissue transit time (ttt) as a parameter with high prognostic value to predict the functional course of the differential renal function and the development of the differential renal function after pyeloplasty

the ureteropelvic junction obstruction occurs in around 13% of children with antenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis. it remains a controversial topic what prognostic factors may be predictive for deterioration of the differential renal function. the tissue transit time (ttt) in the 99mtc- mag3 diuretic renogram seems to be a predictive factor for the deterioration of the differential renal function in these patients. we therefore analyze the tissue transit time in the 99mtc- mag3 diuretic renogram in a prospective multicenter observational study to determine it as a prognostic and diagnostic factor. aim of the study is to differentiate which children could be treated conservatively and which will benefit from operative pyeloplasty

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * unilateral, isolated hydronephrosis \>= grade iii (sfu) * age \<= 3 months exclusion criteria: * associated malformation of the urogenital tract * global kidney insufficiency proven by creatinine examination * prematurity * no informed consent

Keywords: tissue transit time
hepcidin levels in preterm infants

Conditions: Preterm Infants; Anemia of Prematurity; Neonatal Sepsis

Summary: a recently isolated peptide hormone, hepcidin, is thought to be the principal regulator of iron homeostasis. hepcidin acts by limiting intestinal iron absorption and promoting iron retention in reticuloendothelial cells. the aims of this study were to determine serum hepcidin levels in preterm infants who receive blood transfusion and preterm infants having sepsis, in order to assess possible relationships between hepcidin and serum iron, serum ferritin,in iron load situations.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * preterm \< 38 weeks gestation * need of blood test for anemia or suspected sepsis exclusion criteria: * major congenital anomalies * birth asphyxia

Keywords: hepcidin preterm infants anemia sepsis ferritin
implementation of internet-based psychotherapy for ocd in primary health care in two cities in the state of são paulo

Conditions: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Summary: the aim of this study is to assess the implementation of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (i-cbt) treatment in a brazilian sample. researchers will compare 140 participants (70 with i-cbt and 70 in usual care to see if the treatment is feasible. participants will undergo online treatment for ocd, lasting 10 to 14 weeks.

obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd) affects 2 to 3% of the adult population worldwide. the efficacy of pharmacological therapy with irs and cognitive-behavioral therapy (cbt) is well recognized, but the clinical spectrum of ocd symptoms makes it difficult for patients to engage in sessions outside the home, decreasing treatment adherence. cbt is a psychological intervention increasingly delivered over the internet, with studies showing its efficacy in patients with ocd. the present study aims to verify the efficacy of implementing internet-based psychotherapy (i-cbt) in the context of a developing country, identifying the barriers and facilitators of this implementation. it will be a pragmatic, randomized-controlled, parallel, open-label, two-arm clinical trial. the implementation will be carried out in the cities of indaiatuba and jaguariúna, state of são paulo, in all their basic health units, in which 140 participants will be randomized between the i-cbt and usual treatment (ut) groups. results will be assessed post-treatment and at 3- and 12-month follow-up. the hypothesis is that i-cbt is an effective and feasible treatment modality for ocd in a large brazilian sample.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * primary diagnosis of ocd according to the dsm-5 (american psychiatric association, 2013); * internet access. exclusion criteria: * acute suicide risk, assessed by a positive response (1, 2 or 3) to item 9 of the phq-9 and considered serious (suicidal imminence) in the suicide risk assessment protocol (s-rap); * psychotic symptoms; * dependence on alcohol or other known psychoactive substances; * recent bereavement; * significant cognitive impairment; * terminal illness for clinical reasons (based on their knowledge of the patient); * illiterate patients or those unable to read (for example, due to severe dyslexia or visual impairment); * patients without access to the internet or an electronic device to access the treatment platform.
the prevalence of sub clinical hypothyroidism during early pregnancy in pakistan

Conditions: Subclinical Hypothyroidism

Summary: the precious study is likely to help determine the frequency (percentage) of subclinical hypothyroidism among pregnant women in pakistan it will also help to determine the risk factors for developing subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects must meet all of the following criteria to be enrolled into the study * patient between 18-45 years of age; is pregnant and in first trimester * patient willing to give blood sample for laboratory testing * patient willing to provide written authorization to obtain data for the study * exclusion criteria: * patients suffering from any * chronic cardiac disease - chronic cardiac failure, cardiac arrhythmia * hepatic disorder : cirrhosis * renal disease : patients on dialysis and transplant therapy * respiratory disorder * subjects with history of non-thyroid malignancy * patient currently taking medication for hyperthyroidism * active systemic infection * patient with physical or mental impairment * patients on systemic steroid therapy or lithium therapy * patients in second or third trimester of pregnancy * patient not willing to give blood sample for laboratory testing * patient not willing to provide written authorization to obtain data for the study

Keywords: subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy
prehabilitation for kidney transplant candidates

Conditions: Kidney Transplantation; Frailty; Chronic Kidney Insufficiency

Summary: this interventional trial seeks to determine the feasibility of wearable sensors to provide data from patients while undergoing supervised exercise.

this pilot study is a prospective, non-randomized, interventional trial of measures of prehabilitation in kidney transplant candidates who are frail. kidney transplant candidates who meet criteria for the study will have wearable sensors placed for monitoring during the exercise session of their prehabilitation. the sensors will capture data during the single exercise session and transfer the data to a mobile health (mhealth) platform. the study aims to use the information from the sensors to develop future studies where the exercise is adjusted based on the sensor reports.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. adult frail patients who are being evaluated for kidney transplant at houston methodist hospital 2. male or female, aged 55 or older 3. provision of signed and dated informed consent by the participant 4. willingness to comply with study procedures and the duration of the study exclusion criteria: 1. inability or contraindication to exercise 2. refusal to participate 3. inability to consent or effectively communicate

Keywords: kidney transplantation frailty chronic kidney insufficiency
topical tranexamic acid vs. placebo on acute postoperative pain following drf fixation

Conditions: Distal Radius Fractures

Summary: the goal of this study is to find out whether the use of topical tranexamic acid (txa) into the surgical wound will result in less post-operative pain, less pain killer use, and better post-operative use of the wrist in people undergoing surgery for a wrist fracture compared to not using topical txa (placebo).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients undergoing open reduction internal fixation (volar approach) for operative management of a distal radius fracture; * aged 18 or older; * provision of informed consent; * cognitive ability and english-language skills required to complete outcome measures. exclusion criteria: * revision surgery or any additional operative management of ipsilateral wrist injury * distal radius fracture treated with a dorsal approach * known history of lymphedema or lymph node dissection in the operative extremity * known chronic pain conditions, fibromyalgia, or polymyalgia rheumatic * current user of opioids and/or on chronic opioids use * known allergic reaction to txa * anticoagulant use not stopped in time for surgery as per thrombosis canada guidelines (i.e. warfarin, acetylsalicylic acid, direct oral anticoagulants, etc.) * previous thrombotic stroke or thromboembolic disorders (i.e. known previous dvt, pe, or clotting disorders) * current pregnancy or breastfeeding * previous neurologic injury causing paralysis of affected shoulder/arm * severe cardio-respiratory disease (i.e. asa grade iv or higher).

Keywords: distal radius fractures acute pain topical tranexamic acid open reduction and internal fixation placebo randomized control trial
internet-delivered psychotherapy for depression

Conditions: Mild - Major Depression

Summary: project aim: to compare the effectiveness and acceptability of a conventional and a religious internet-supported cognitive behavior therapy (icbt) for depression in romania.

previous studies suggest that incorporating religious beliefs into conventional cbt appears to be helpful for religious individuals. in order to have two active comparable interventions the investigators added to the conventional cbt a similar set of exercises devised from the positive psychology paradigm.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * be fluent in romanian * be over 18 years * have a diagnosis of current major depression disorder * have access to an internet connected computer exclusion criteria: * suicidal ideation * ongoing psychological treatment for depression * other primary disorder that need treatment * obstacle to participation (i.e., long travel plans) * recent change in psychiatric medication (i.e., during the last 6 weeks)