Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
assessment of serum levels of janus kinase 1 and 2 in patients with cholinergic urticaria

Conditions: Cholinergic Urticaria

Summary: cholinergic urticaria (cholu) is as a subtype of cindu caused by an increase in the core body temperature, such as to activate the sweating reflex. it can occur in response to physical exercise, hot bathing and/or emotional stress. clinically it appears as pinpointing and highly pruritic wheals with surrounding erythema, cholu can be accompanied by severe symptoms such as angioedema, respiratory symptoms or anaphylaxi cholu is frequently associated with atopic dermatitis (ad) the jak-stat is a mast cell (mc) signaling pathway activated downstream of ige and il-3 with important roles in mc homeostasis via regulation of proliferation, survival, and release of mediators. jak-stat activation is associated with polarization toward th2, b cell isotype switching to ige production, and ige-dependent degranulation and cytokine release . because both il-4 and il-13 use the il-4rα as a receptor component, these cytokines activate any common signaling pathways. both of these cytokines use janus kinases (jaks) to initiate signaling and activate signal transducer and activator of transcription-6 (stat6), which is a transcription factor required for many of their biologic functions. the non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases jak1 and jak3 associate with the il-4rα and γc, respectively. the binding of il-4 to its receptor induces the transphosphorylation of jak1 and jak3, an event that activates these kinases and thereby initiates the early events of signal transduction .


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the study will include 45 adult patients complaining of cholu as well as 45 healthy controls. exclusion criteria: * patients with one or more of the following criteria will be excluded: * pregnancy and lactation. * patients with systemic diseases especially those with autoimmune diseases and infections. * patients with skin diseases. * patients on medications such as: antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, anticonvulsants, penicillin, combined oral contraceptives. * patient refusal
long-term study of endoscopic treatment of stenosis in crohn´s disease

Conditions: Crohn Disease; Stenosis

Summary: stenosis is one of the most frequent complications in patients with crohn's disease (cd), causing greater morbidity and increasing the probability of repeated surgery and short bowel syndrome. several endoscopic techniques, as an alternative to surgery, have been used in the treatment of fibrostenotic cd, with similar efficacy and lower risk of complications. the protdilat study (nct02395354) showed that both endoscopic balloon dilation (ebd) and self-expandable metal stents (sems) are efficient and safe for the treatment of stenosis in cd, while ebd shows therapeutic superiority (80.5 vs 51.3 %) at one year follow-up. however, this difference was not observed in the subanalysis of patients with stenosis \> 3 cm (ebd: 66.7% vs sems: 63.6%) but with a lower cost for ebd (edb 1,365.63 euros versus sems 1,923.55 euros). therefore, sems could be a suitable treatment option for longer stenoses in which ebd has proven to be less efficacious. moreover, the long-term efficacy of both endoscopic treatments is still debated with scare information and without data from a clinical trial. the aim of this study is to assess the long-term efficacy of ebd and sems, through the follow-up of the patients included in the protdilat study, being the primary objective of the study the percentage of patients free of surgical intervention at the end of follow-up. retrospective study based on data from the protdilat trial (patients with cd, obstructive symptoms, with stenosis \< 10cm). data on medical, endoscopic and surgical treatment and smoking habits are collected.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age18-75. * cd with predominating de novo and/or anastomotic fibrotic stenosis confirmed by endoscopy and radiology and accessible by endoscopy (colonoscopy). * stenosis previously treated with a stent and/or dilatation and with at least one year asymptomatic. * intestinal occlusion or sub-occlusion symptomatology. * refractoriness to conventional medical treatment (no response to accelerated step-up of normal therapeutic scale). * stenosis length \< 10 cm. * maximum 2 stenoses. * informed consent of patient. exclusion criteria: * no informed consent of patient. * stenosis complicated by abscess, fistula, or important activity associated with cd not limited to the stenosis area. * stenosis previously treated with a stent and/or dilatation and with less than one year asymptomatic. * pregnancy or lactation. * any clinical condition that prevents the performance of endoscopy. * stenosis inaccessible by colonoscopy. * no obstructive symptoms. * stenosis length ≥ 10 cm. * presenting more than 2 stenoses. * serious coagulation disorder (platelets \ 1.5)

Keywords: endoscopic balloon dilatation self-expanding metal stent
intubation of morbidly obese patients. a clinical trial, comparing glide scope ® with fastrach tm

Conditions: Morbidly Obese; Intubationtime; Intubationattempts

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare the glidescope ® and the fastrach tm for intubation of morbidly obese. mainly we will try to clarify which of the instruments that produce the shortest intubationtime and lowest number of intubationattempts. the hypothesis is that intubation would be 1) quicker and 2) with the lowest number of attempts, using the glidescope®.

the number of obese people rises. thus 25.2% of danish 9th graders are obese. as a result, surgery and anesthesia in obese patients becomes more frequent. several potential problems related to anesthesia in this patient group exists, including airway management and sufficient oxygenation. anaesthesia of obese patients are more likely to require intubation. in light of the foregoing, it is therefore important to find the methods that provide the fewest complications related to intubation. therefore this study compare two instruments (fastrach tm and glidescope ®) to find out which of the methods that provides the best airway management, measured primarily in time and numbers of intubation attempts.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * bmi \>/= 35 exclusion criteria: * need for crash induction.
randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of group treatment with war-exposed bosnian adolescents

Conditions: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; Depression; Grief (Traumatic Grief and Existential Grief)

Summary: context: this is the first multi-site randomized controlled study of the effectiveness of a group treatment for war-exposed adolescents delivered in-country within a public school system. objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of a trauma/grief-focused group treatment program in reducing symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd), depression, and traumatic grief in war-exposed bosnian youths attending 10 secondary schools located in central bosnia.

design: a randomized controlled trial conducted during the 2000-2001 school year, with 4-month follow-up, compared group treatment to a psychoeducation/skill-based school milieu intervention. setting and participants: students attending 10 bosnian secondary schools exposed to severe trauma, traumatic loss, and severe adversity, reporting severe persisting symptoms of ptsd, depression, or traumatic grief, and functional impairment. intervention: students were randomly assigned to either 17-session trauma and grief component therapy (n=71), or a school milieu intervention (n=73), both conducted by trained school counselors.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * significant trauma exposure before, during, or after the war (e.g., serious physical injury, life threat, witnessing death or serious injury, traumatic bereavement); * significant current distress, especially severe persisting symptoms of ptsd, depression, or traumatic grief; * significant functional impairment in family or peer relationships and school performance exclusion criteria: * acute risk status (e.g., suicidal plans and intent) * psychosis * severe substance abuse (severe enough to interfere with engagement in treatment).

Keywords: trauma grief depression adolescent war group therapy treatment intervention school development
prevalence of transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis in clinically significant aortic stenosis

Conditions: Aortic Stenosis; Transthyretin Amyloidosis; Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy; Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ttr-ca) among patients with moderate and severe aortic stenosis in southeast minnesota using 99mtc-pyp single-photon positive emission computed tomography with computed tomography (spect/ct).

residents of southeast minnesota over 75 years of age with an inpatient or outpatient diagnosis of moderate or severe aortic stenosis will be consecutively identified using an automated bi-weekly review of the echo lab calendar (on mondays and fridays) at mayo clinic rochester (mcr) and mayo clinic health system (mchs) sites. participants will be consented to undergo venipuncture, urine collection and 99mtc-pyp spect/ct imaging to rule in/out the diagnosis of ttr-ca. hence, the prevalence of ttr-ca will be defined. to place this prevalence in perspective of the global aortic stenosis cohort in the community, a rigorous screening log will be maintained to allow generation of a comprehensive consort diagram. importantly, baseline characteristics of patients who qualify for our study but decline to consent will still be collected provided that consent for use of their records for medical research had previously been granted.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * resident of southeastern minnesota (olmsted, dodge, fillmore, mower, freeborn, wabasha, or steele county) * age ≥ 75 years * current diagnosis of moderate or severe aortic stenosis by most recent (within 6 months at most) echocardiogram as defined by: * moderate as: 1.0 cm2 \< aortic valve area (ava) ≤ 1.5 cm2 * severe as: ava ≤ 1.0 cm2 exclusion criteria: * any cardiac surgery or major chest trauma within 4 weeks of pyp scan * myocardial infarction within 4 weeks of pyp scan defined by typical angina, ekg changes and significant change in serial troponins. (note that chronic troponin elevation is extremely common in cardiac amyloidosis). * prior or current exposure to plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine)
volume kinetics for 20% albumin in different clinical situations

Conditions: Unconscious; Inflammation

Summary: the study aims to determine the degree of plasma volume expansion and the half-life of the plasma volume expansion when 3 ml/kg of hyperoncotic (20%) albumin if infused over 30 minutes in conscious healthy volunteers, in patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia, and on the day after major surgery when the patient is in a post surgical inflammatory state. the study also examines the increase in the plasma colloid osmotic pressure as a result of this infusion and its possible influence on markers of kidney damage.

15 volunteers, 15 patients undergoing surgery and 15 patients in the post-surgical phase will be recruited for this study because they have different degrees of vasodilatation and inflammation, which are factors of potential importance to the effectiveness of plasma volume expansion with albumin 20%. hyperoncotic albumin should logically recruit fluid from the interstitial fluid space, but this possibility has recently been questioned in the "revised starling equation". the degree of plasma volume expansion and also the half-life will be estimated by population volume kinetics which uses serial analyses of the blood hemoglobin concentration and a summary measure of the excreted urine during the 5-hour experiment to calculate these outcome measures. there is a risk that hyperoncotic solutions cause pre-renal anuria due to the rise in plasma oncotic pressure. as a safety measure we will assess the plasma oncotic pressure and relevant biomarkers of renal function during the experiments. the experiments will be ended with a slow infusion of 1 l of ringer´s acetate to dilute any raised oncotic pressure.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy volunteers. * patients in asa classes i-ii scheduled for surgery. exclusion criteria: * expected major hemorrhage during surgery. * blood hemoglobin concentration of \< 10 g/dl.

Keywords: albumin surgery inflammation volume kinetics
the effect and safety of different intensity anticoagulation therapy in elderly patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation

Conditions: Atrial Fibrillation

Summary: current guidelines recommend standard warfarin anticoagulation international normalized ratio (inr) goal of 2.0-3.0 in adults with non valvular atrial fibrillation (nvaf). the investigators hypothesized that low-intensity warfarin (inr 1.5-2.0) has the same effectiveness and better security in elderly patients (\>75) with nvaf.

atrial fibrillation is the commonest chronic arrhythmia in clinical practice, especially in octogenarians. nonvalvular atrial ﬁbrillation increases the risk of ischemic stroke by approximately 5-fold and these strokes result in higher mortality and disability. warfarin is recommended as ﬁrst line anticoagulation treatment in patients with nvaf who are at moderate or high risk of stroke,while antiplatelet agents, such as aspirin, give a more convenient but less effective alternative in the prevention of ischemic stroke and are recommended in low risk patients.current guideline about warfarin anticoagulation therapy recommend that target inr value must be maintained between 2.0 and 3.0,which not only reduces the frequency of ischaemic stroke but also its low incidence of major bleeding. however, the current status of anticoagulation therapy for elderly chinese af patients, particularly in aged over 80 years, is not clear. the purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that an inr target of 1.5-2.0 can provide the same efficacy and better safety as compare with a standard target of 2.0-3.0 in patients over 75 with nvaf.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. clinical diagnosis of atrial fibrillation 2. echocardiography confirmed a non-valvular heart disease 3. age≥75 years exclusion criteria: 1. unable to cooperate with doctors 2. life expectancy of less than 1 year 3. rheumatic heart disease or dilated cardiomyopathy 4. history of artificial valve replacement surgery 5. infectious endocarditis 6. stroke or transient ischemic attack(tia) within the last 6 months 7. previous history of intracranial hemorrhage, gastrointestinal, respiratory or urogenital bleeding 8. previous intolerance/allergy to warfarin or aspirin 9. blood pressure greater than 180/110 mmhg 10. chronic liver dysfunction, alanine aminotransferase above the normal reference value of the upper limit 3 times 11. chronic renal failure, serum creatinine clearance rate (ccr) less than 30 ml / min 12. patient was receiving antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy due to other reasons

Keywords: atrial ﬁbrillation stroke warfarin aspirin
a study of ibi362 in participants with obesity or overweight

Conditions: Obesity Or Overweight

Summary: this is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase iii clinical study evaluating the efficacy and safety of ibi362 in overweight or obese subjects. subjects will be randomly assigned to ibi362 low-dose, high-dose and placebo groups. the entire trial cycle includes a 2-week screening period, a 48-week double-blind treatment period, and a 12-week drug withdrawal follow-up period after the end of treatment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: • body mass index (bmi) ≥28 kilograms per square meter (kg/m²), or ≥24 kg/m² and with at least one of the following comorbidities: prediabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, fatty liver, weight bearing joint pain, obesity-related dyspnea or obstructive sleep apnea. exclusion criteria: * hba1c ≥ 6. 5% at screening or previous diagnosis of type 1 or type 2 diabetes; * weight change \> 5.0% after diet and exercise control for at least 12 weeks before screening; * have used or are currently using weight loss drugs within 3 months before screening; * history of pancreatitis; * family or personal history of thyroid c-cell carcinoma or multiple endocrine neoplasia (men) 2a or 2b； * history of moderate to severe depression or severe mental illness; * any lifetime history of a suicide attempt
acute effects of squat protocols in muscular power, postural sway and tendinous thickness.

Conditions: Acute Squat Training Effects

Summary: the objective of this study is to know the acute effects of a squat protocol in: 1- lower limb muscle power analyzed by countermovement jump on force platform and upper limb through a bench press with encoder test; 2 - the unipodal postural equilibrium by force platform; 3 - the patellar tendinous thickness measured by ultrasound.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males, with at least a year of experience in heavylift exercises, age between 20 and 35 years. exclusion criteria: -

Keywords: squat acute effect tendon thickness counter movement jump test postural sway muscular power
neurocognitive effects of non-invasive near-infrared light stimulation

Conditions: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; Attention Difficulties; Attention Deficit; Cognitive Deficit; Wellness

Summary: inattentiveness and impulsivity in healthy adults and individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) diminish these individuals' quality of life. cortical hypometabolism has been hypothesized to contribute to inattentiveness in adhd. transcranial photobiomodulation (tpbm) is a safe and non-invasive modality for activation of the prefrontal cortex. tpbm in healthy adults has been shown to augment brain oxygenation, cognition, and mood. the cognition-enhancing effect of tpbm on sustained attention in adults with adhd remains unstudied. the investigators will evaluate whether tpbm administration to adults with and without adhd can improve their attention. each participant will be screened for eighteen criteria based on the diagnostic and statistical manual (dsm-iv, text revised), using the validated instrument adult adhd self-report scale (asrs-v1.1). blinded participants will be randomized into (i) active-tpbm or (ii) sham-tpbm groups. after undergoing an 8-minute administration of sham or 1064 nm tpbm to the lateral and medial right prefrontal cortex, each participant will complete a 14-minute, computer-based conner's continuous performance task-3 (cpt-3). the investigators will examine whether adults with and without adhd who receive active-tpbm improve in measures of inattention, impulsivity, sustained attention, or vigilance compared to the sham-tpbm group. cognitive assessments of attention like the cpt-3 may evaluate the efficacy of tpbm to increase cortical metabolism in healthy adults and individuals with conditions like adhd. the investigators anticipate their investigation will be a starting point for more sophisticated studies that focus on the implications of tpbm on cognition.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years of age or older exclusion criteria: * none
the characteristics of oral microbiota in chronic pancreatitis and autoimmune pancreatitis

Conditions: Oral Microbiota; Pancreatitis; Pancreatic Cancer

Summary: there are more than 700 different bacteria colonized in human oral cavity, which are collectively referred to as oral microbiota. emerging evidence suggests that oral microbiota plays a series of important roles in human health, such as immune response, carcinogen metabolism and nutrient digestion. the changes of oral microbiota composition are closely related to the occurrence and development of pancreatic diseases. previous studies have found that there are dense bacterial biofilms in the pancreatic duct of patients with calcified pancreatitis, including oral bacterial types. however, most studies only focused on the changes of gut microbiota in patients with chronic pancreatitis, and there were lack of research and description on the changes of oral microbiota in patients with chronic pancreatitis. in this study, we will extract and sequence bacterie's full-length 16s rrna to describe the characteristics of oral microbiota in patients with chronic pancreatitis, confirming that there are changes in oral microbiota in patients with chronic pancreatitis, and compare the differences of oral microbiota in patients with chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer and autoimmune pancreatitis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a dated and signed informed consent form cooperate to complete sample collection exclusion criteria: * previous digestive system surgery; during pregnancy or lactation; complicated with infectious diseases, malignant tumors or other digestive system diseases (such as inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, abdominal diseases, gastroesophageal reflux, etc.); antibiotics and immunosuppressive drugs were used within 30 days before sampling; those who take probiotics daily.
feasibility and acceptability of home-based computerised cognitive training after cardiac surgery

Conditions: Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction

Summary: the aims of this study are to (1) evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a home-based computerised cognitive training programme in the postoperative cardiac surgical population, and (2) estimate measures of precision about the mean and variance of cognitive outcome to inform sample size calculations for a subsequent efficacy study.

heart surgery is a common procedure for coronary heart disease (blocked or narrowed coronary arteries) and valve problems (narrowing or hardening of the heart valves). it is known that after surgery some patients experience problems with their 'cognitive health' - this includes aspects like memory problems, concentration, and attention. these cognitive health problems can last for several months and can have a considerable impact on patients, and their family. cognitive training (which means exercising the brain) has been shown to improve cognitive health in a number of patient groups including healthy older adults, patients with heart failure, and patients with mild cognitive impairment. the aim of this study is to find out if home-based computerised cognitive training (cct) improves cognitive health after heart surgery. investigators will recruit adult (≥ 18 years) patients undergoing first time elective cardiac surgery, who are willing to engage with an online training programme, and due to the nature of the intervention, potential participants must have access to a computer or tablet and access to the internet. before surgery, a brief cognitive assessment will be carried out. participants will be asked to complete 20 minutes of cognitive training exercises, 5 days per week, starting one week after their operation. a member of the research team will contact the patient once a week to check progress, to provide support, and to help with any technical issues. after the 8-week cct (brain training exercises) programme, a follow-up video call will be arranged. during this follow-up participants will complete a second cognitive assessment and a questionnaire to see how acceptable and helpful they found the brain training exercises.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ≥18 years old undergoing first time elective cardiac surgery * willing to engage with an online cognitive training programme * access to a computer or table with access to the internet. exclusion criteria: * unwilling or unable to give written informed consent * significant psychiatric or medical comorbidities where that condition might impact on cognitive function and affect their ability to participate. * inability to understand written and / or verbal english * those with motor symptoms that would impede their ability to complete the programme * those unwilling or unable to engage in a video call

Keywords: cognitive intervention cardiac surgery feasibility acceptability