Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
the effects of bariatric surgeries on glucose metabolism

Conditions: Post Bariatric Surgery; Gastric Bypass; Sleeve Gastrectomy; Hypoglycemia After Gastric Bypass

Summary: the purpose of this study is learn the effect of gastric bypass surgery and sleeve gastrectomy on glucose metabolism mediated by neural and hormonal factors initiated after eating.

the purpose of this study is to determine the weight-independent effects of gastric bypass surgery and sleeve gastrectomy surgery on islet cell response after meal ingestion as mediated by hormonal and neural components of the gut. it will also address the differences between the two procedures. such information will be critical for the development of novel approaches for treatment of diabetes as well as improvement of glycemic effects of gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy in patients with partial diabetes remission or relapse after complete remission.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hypoglycemic rygb patients with documented blood glucose level \<50 mg/dl * asymptomatic individuals with bariatric surgery * healthy non-surgical patients with no personal history of diabetes * subjects must physically be able to come to our clinical research center cedars-sinai medical center exclusion criteria: * active heart, lung, liver, gastrointestinal or kidney disease; unable to give informed consent; pregnancy; uncontrolled high blood pressure or high cholesterol; significant anemia (hemoglobin \<11g/dl); prisoners or institutionalized individuals; type 2 diabetes mellitis; development of any serious medical or psychiatric illness during recruitment or studies; * rygb patients will be disqualified if they have gastric outlet obstruction or severe diarrhea. * healthy non-surgical patients with personal history of diabetes for administration of atropine, the following exclusions also apply: * history of glaucoma * uncontrolled hypertension (any subjects with bp\>140/90 and history of dyslipidemia * taking any medication that might interact with atropine and cannot be stopped will be excluded from the study) * myasthenia gravis * brain pathology * enlarged prostate in men

Keywords: gastric bypass surgery hypoglycemia sleeve gastrectomy glucose tolerance
motivation matters study

Conditions: HIV/AIDS

Summary: the study aims to develop and evaluate the efficacy and causal mechanisms of an interactive sms intervention to optimize individual health and secondary hiv prevention benefits of art in hiv-positive fsws.

antiretroviral therapy (art) is highly effective at reducing the infectiousness of hiv-positive people, and is considered the cornerstone of all new hiv prevention approaches. a critical question is how to harness the potency of art to reduce transmission from female sex workers (fsws), a key population that has been central to hiv transmission in africa for more than 25 years. in high prevalence countries like kenya, fsws represent about 1% of the population, yet contribute to one in seven (14%) new hiv infections. targeting treatment as prevention (tasp) to fsws could efficiently reduce hiv transmission on a population level. effective tasp will require higher levels of art adherence than those achieved in typical treatment programs. the rapid spread of mobile technology in africa provides unique opportunities for mobile health (mhealth) interventions, which have been shown to be acceptable to providers and patients, and can improve art adherence and suppression of plasma hiv viral load. the ability of mobile (sms) interventions to support art adherence in key populations like fsws and unique clinical scenarios such as tasp has yet to be evaluated. the investigators will answer these fundamental questions by addressing the following aims: 1) to use a qualitative rapid assessment and development approach to craft a theory-based, individualized, interactive sms intervention, grounded in the theory of information, motivation, and behavior (imb), to support art adherence in hiv-positive fsws, 2) to compare individualized, interactive sms to standard care in achieving undetectable hiv vl 6 months post art initiation in a randomized controlled trial (rct) with 210 fsws and 3) to administer an adaptation of the lifewindows information - motivation - behavioral skills art adherence questionnaire (lw-imb-aaq) to understand the mechanism of our sms intervention's effect by comparing perceptions of support and motivation to adhere to art in fsws who received the intervention versus standard care. our overarching goal is to develop and evaluate the efficacy and causal mechanisms of an interactive sms intervention to optimize individual health and secondary hiv prevention benefits of art in hiv-positive fsws. the aims of this project proceed sequentially from developmental (aim 1) through implementation of the intervention (aim 2) to evaluation of the fit with the behavioral model (aim 3).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * more than 18 years or emancipated minor * has access to mobile phone * self-identifying female sex worker * willing to receive study sms messages * hiv-positive (any who stage or cd4) * able to read or have someone else read * art naïve * informed consent obtained and signed. exclusion criteria: * plans to move away in next 6 months * contraindication to art

Keywords: art mobile messaging behaviour motivation
research on potential biomarkers of prediabetes and diabetes based on maldi-tof ms platform.

Conditions: Prediabetes; Diabetes Mellitus; Gestational Diabetes Mellitus; Proteomics

Summary: through the maldi-tof ms platform, explore the proteomics and peptidomics differences of fasting serum/plasma and urine between non pregnant people with normal glucose tolerance test and prediabetes /diabetes patients, pregnant people with normal glucose tolerance test and pregnant diabetes patients respectively; to explore the role of its proteomics and peptidomics differences in the diagnosis of prediabetes and diabetes, and to establish a new method of differential diagnosis by using the omics data and key characteristic peaks to find potential new diagnostic markers.

prediabetes is a stage of abnormal glucose metabolism between normal blood glucose level and diabetes, which is a "gray zone" between normal and abnormal, including impaired fasting glucose (ifg), impaired glucose tolerance (igt) or both. it is a very important high-risk group of diabetes. diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia caused by a variety of causes. gestational diabetes mellitus refers to varying degrees of abnormal glucose metabolism that occur during pregnancy. this project aims to detect differential feature peaks through maldi-tof ms technology between non pregnant people with normal glucose tolerance test and prediabetes/diabetes patients, pregnant people with normal glucose tolerance test and pregnant diabetes patients respectively and to establish a clinical predictive diagnostic model based on differences, and to evaluate the model.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. inclusion criteria for cases: non pregnant people: the remaining fasting serum/plasma and urine samples of prediabetes/diabetes patients (prediabetes: ifg: fpg 6.1-6.9mmol/l, blood glucose 2h after meal\ = 7.0mmol/l or 75g ogtt 2h blood glucose \>= 11.1mmol/l). pregnant people: the remaining fasting serum/plasma and urine samples of gestational diabetes patients (75g ogtt test fpg \>= 5.1mmol/l or 1h blood glucose \>= 10.0mmol/l or 2h blood glucose \>= 8.5mmol/l（iadpsg; ada)). 2. inclusion criteria of the controls were as follows: non pregnant people: the remaining fasting serum/plasma and urine samples of normal population for glucose tolerance test (fpg 3.9-6.1mmol/l,75g ogtt test 1h blood glucose 6.7-11.1mmol/l,75g ogtt test 2h blood glucose 3.6-7.8mmol/l). pregnant people: the remaining fasting serum/plasma and urine samples of people who do not meet the diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes (3.9\<=75g ogtt test fpg\<5.1mmol/l,6.7 \<= 1h blood glucose\<10.0mmol/l,3.6\<=2h blood glucose\<8.5mmol/l). - exclusion criteria: common exclusion criteria for cases and control were as follows: the sample volume of serum/plasma/urine is less than 300ul; improper storage of samples or repeated freezing and thawing; the serum /plasma has obvious hemolysis, lipemia or jaundice. -
single ascending dose trial in patients with type 2 diabetes

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether amg 876 is safe and well tolerated in subjects with type 2 diabetes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject has provided written informed consent * men and women between the ages of 18 and 65, inclusive at the time of randomization * women must be of documented non-reproductive potential (ie, postmenopausal \[see definition below\]; or history of hysterectomy; or history of bilateral tubal ligation; or history of bilateral oophorectomy). * diagnosed with type 2 diabetes * hba1c ≥ 6.5% and ≤ 10% * fasting c-peptide value ≥ 0.8 ng/ml * men must agree for the duration of the study and continuing for 4 weeks after the dose of study drug, to practice a highly effective method of birth control. highly effective methods of birth control include sexual abstinence, vasectomy or a condom with spermicide (men) in combination with either barrier methods, hormonal birth control or iud (women). * men must agree to not donate sperm for the duration of the study and continuing for 4 weeks after the dose of study drug. * body mass index between ≥ 25.0 kg/m2 and ≤ 40.0 kg/m2 at screening * negative screening test for alcohol and potential drugs of abuse at screening and day -2, unless medication is prescribed by a physician and approved by the principal investigator and amgen medical monitor exclusion criteria: * men with partners who are pregnant at the time of screening or men with partners who plan to become pregnant during the study * women who are pregnant or breastfeeding history or evidence of a clinically significant disorder, condition or disease that, in the opinion of the principal investigator or amgen medical monitor would pose a risk to subject safety or interfere with the study evaluation, procedures or completion * evidence or history at screening of diabetic complications with significant end-organ damage, eg, proliferative retinopathy and/or macular edema, creatinine clearance \< 60 ml/min/1.73m2 (calculated using the modification of diet in renal disease formula), or macroalbuminuria (ie, ≥ +1 proteinuria on urinalysis), diabetic neuropathy complicated by neuropathic ulcers, or severe autonomic neuropathy with gastroparesis, chronic diarrhea, or hypoglycemic unawareness * significant cardiac disease, including but not limited to evidence or history of coronary artery disease, unstable angina, congestive heart failure, known arrhythmias of ventricular etiology, unexplained syncope or syncope/seizures related to arrhythmia * positive for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) antibodies, hepatitis b surface antigen (hbs ag), or hepatitis c virus antibodies * an unstable medical condition, defined as having been hospitalized within 28 days before day -1, major surgery within 6 months before day -1, or otherwise unstable in the judgment of the investigator (eg, risk of complications or adverse events unrelated to study participation)

Keywords: type 2 diabetes
comparison of dexmedetomidine and meperidine for the prevention of shivering following coronary artery bypass graft

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease; Postoperative Shivering

Summary: this study aims to compare the effects of dexmedetomidine and meperidine on the incidence of shivering in patients undergoing cabg.

shivering is a common complication in the postoperative period. the incidence of shivering has been reported to range from 5% to 65% under general anesthesia and as 33% during epidural anesthesia. shivering can increase perioperative risk in patients. both dexmedetomidine and meperidine are effective agents for the prevention of postanesthetic shivering. however, few studies have compared the anti-shivering effects of different agents following coronary artery bypass graft (cabg). this study aims to compare the effects of dexmedetomidine and meperidine on the incidence of shivering in patients undergoing cabg.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: (1) aged between 18 and 75 years, (2) undergoing elective cabg, (3) asa grade of ii-iv, and (4) in accordance with ethical guidelines, patients must voluntarily participate in the trial and sign the informed consent for the clinical study. exclusion criteria: (1) patients with neurological or psychiatric disorders, (2) hepatic and renal dysfunction, (3) severe hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, (4) a body temperature greater than 38 °c or less than 36 °c, (5) postoperative hemodynamic instability, (6) preoperative use of a left ventricular assistance device, (7) pa severe diabetic complications (diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar coma, various infections, diabetic nephropathy), (8) participation in other clinical studies within the past 3 months, (9) acute or chronic pain, (10) addiction to opioids, (11) drug abuse, (12) pain management, and (13) neuromuscular disease, (14) on-pump cabg.

Keywords: shivering
incremental clomiphene citrate doses in successive cycles and fsh, lh and steroid hormone levels

Conditions: Unexplained Infertility; Ovulation Disorder

Summary: this study was planned to assess the initial and endogenous fsh, lh and steroid responses to incremental cc doses in successive ovulation induction cycles to treat anovulation in patients with unexplained infertility.

in the bagcilar research and training hospital obstetrics and gynecology department outpatient clinic for infertility, the basal gonadotropin and androgen levels are routinely measured. in unexplained infertility couples with normal ovarian reserves the first line drug used for ovulation induction is cc. the starting dose is 50mg/day and the treatment is started within the 2nd to the 5th days of the menstrual cycle and continued for 5 days. starting on the 2nd-3rd day following the last dose of the drug, the follicular growth was monitored with the transvaginal ultrasound and blood levels of hormones including fsh, lh, estradiol, progesterone, androstenedione, testosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate were measured every 2-3 days. in this follow-up, if no follicular growth was observed day21 of the cycle, the cc dose was increased to cc 100mg/day (2x1, 50mg). if follicular growth and ovulation is achieved with no concluding conception, the same dose of cc is used in the following 2-3 cycles. when a maximum number of 2 dominant follicles are obtained ovulation is triggered with recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhcg) and timed coit or intrauterine insemination is conducted.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 20-35 years of age * unexplained infertility * first-line treatment * normal or increased ovarian reserve * lack of ovulatory response to cc 50mg for 5 days exclusion criteria: * male factor * tubal factor * severe endometriosis * previous ovarian surgery

Keywords: infertility unexplained infertility ovulation induction clomiphene citrate
the effect of vitamin d in crohn's disease

Conditions: Vitamin D Deficiency; Crohn Disease

Summary: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 12-week goal-directed therapy in the treatment of refractory inflammatory patients, and to initially explore treatment options. patients with potential risk factors for recurrence after surgery for crohn's disease and a serum 25(oh)d concentration \<75 nmol/l were prescribed oral liquid vitamin d supplementation over 12 weeks using a specific protocol with dose adjusted 4-weekly to aim for a target level of 100-125 nmol/l.

the patients received oral liquid cholecalciferol supplementation (ostevit dtm, key pharmaceuticals, macquarie park, nsw, australia), supplied in 50 ml bottles (5000 units in 1 ml). a target 25(oh)d of 100-125 nmol/l was planned and the dose titrated 4-weekly. patients were evaluated at week 0 (screening visit), then 2- weekly until week 12, and at a follow-up visit at week 16. key study endpoints were change in total 25(oh)d and attainment of level of 100e125 nmol/l. intestinal inflammation was assessed via clinical disease activity (cdai), faecal calprotectin (calprotectin elisa, buhlmann, basel, switzerland), and circulating inflammatory markers (platelet count, serum albumin and c- reactive protein). safety was assessed by direct questioning and 24- h urinary calcium excretion . compliance was checked by dosing diaries completed by patients and measuring remaining cholecalciferol in bottles of the study drug. statistical analyses were performed using spss v20 (ibm corporation, 2011) and graphpad prism v5.04 (graphpad software, 2010). dependent and independent samples t-tests, analysis of variance (anova) and kruskalewallis tests were used where appropriate. associations with rise in 25(oh)d were examined by bivariate correlations. a p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. clinical diagnosis of crohn's disease 2. must be able to swallow tablets 3. have certain factors increase the risk of surgery in cd. include: * current smoking * fistulizing and stricturing disease behaviour * early steroid use (medical need for steroids for treatment of first flare) * disease in the end of the small bowel (i.e. ileum) * disease in the middle part of the small bowel (i.e. jejunum), and * young age at the time of the diagnosis. exclusion criteria: 1. other serious gastrointestinal diseases 2. pregnancy 3. hypercalcemia 4. hyperparathyroidism 5. chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease

Keywords: vitamin d crohn disease recurrence
ketone supplementation and exercise performance

Conditions: Ketosis; Exercise Performance; Ketoses, Metabolic

Summary: the purpose of this study is to observe the effects of exogenous ketone supplements during shorter bouts of exercise testing on twenty collegiate endurance trained athletes (18-25 years of age).

some believe very high fat diets (\>70% energy) can enhance exercise performance by providing additional fuel (ketones) for energy metabolism, at least for very prolonged exercise (\>3-4h). regardless, this diet is difficult to maintain so it has been suggested that ingesting ketone salts along with a normal carbohydrate (cho) diet might be more practical. the purpose of this study is to observe the effects of ketone salt ingestion on shorter term (up to \~15 min) exercise performance. endurance trained (≥2 year training experience; ≥7 h/week) collegiate athletes (n=20) of similar body mass (♀; 55-60kg; ♂; 75-80kg) and age 18-25y) consuming 5-6g cho•kg-1•d-1) will be tested before and after 1 and 7d of ketone salt (prüvit, carrollton tx, us) supplementation (0.6-0.8g•kg-1•d-1). participants will perform two exercise performance tests (a 10km cycle time trial and a 30s wingate cycle test on separate days) before and after supplementation. blood samples (glucose, lactic acid, and ketone concentration) will be taken at: baseline and following each performance test. it is hypothesized that ketone salt supplementation will increase blood ketone concentration but will not enhance these exercise performance tests.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy male or female collegiate endurance trained athletes * ≥2 year training experience; ≥7 h/week * ages 18-25 exclusion criteria: * smoker * injury that will affect exercise performance * sedentary behaviour * currently following a high fat diet/ketogenic diet * taking beta blockers or hypertension medication * has respiratory, cardiovascular and/or neuromuscular disease that is not cleared for exercise by a physician.

Keywords: ketones supplementation exercise performance
the educational effectiveness for atrial fibrillation patients under warfarin treatment

Conditions: Atrial Fibrillation

Summary: the objective of this study is to evaluate an educational program for atrial fibrillation patients under warfarin treatment regarding to patients' knowledge of warfarin, related life distresses and quality of life.

this is a parallel-group randomized controlled study. four measurements were (a) knowledge of warfarin; (b) life distresses caused by warfarin treatment; and (c) quality of life as primary and secondary endpoint. all participants participated in a face-to-face interview during the pretest and at the 6-month follow-up in the outpatient department (opd). each subject in the experimental group was taught face-to-face individually according to investigator's brochure in the opd by researchers trained in a standardized protocol. the control group received a brochure only.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of atrial fibrillation by a physician and taking warfarin as treatment * 20 years old or older * clear consciousness for communication * willingness to participate in research exclusion criteria: * can not communicate clearly * without willingness to participate in research

Keywords: patient education knowledge life distress quality of life
evaluation of safety and efficacy of ibi318 monotherapy for relapsed/refractory extranodal nk/t cell lymphoma (nasal type) trial

Conditions: Extranodal NK/T Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ibi318 monotherapy for relapsed/refractory extranodal nk/t cell lymphoma (nasal type).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. histologically diagnosed as extra-nodal nk/t cell lymphoma (nasal type) according to who 2016 criteria; 2. refractory and relapsed enktl patients, being relapsed is defined as re-occurrence of the same lymphoma lesions at the primary site or new sites after complete response (cr); being refractory is defined as having any of the following conditions: evaluated as stable disease (sd) or progression disease (pd) after 2 cycles of treatment; not being able to achieve partial response (pr) after 4 cycles of treatment; not being able to achieve complete response (cr) after 6 cycles of treatment. patients that did not achieve remission, or relapsed/progressed after autologous stem cell transplantation (asct) could also be enrolled. 3. patients must have received asparaginase-based chemotherapy previously (patients with phase i/ii disease must have received radiotherapy previously). 4. with measurable foci, defined as: lymph nodes with long diameters\>15mm，extra-nodal foci\>10mm on ct scan; 5. ecog ps (eastern cooperative oncology group performance status) point 0 or 1; exclusion criteria: 1. invasive nk cell leukemia; 2. primary cns lymphoma or cns-involved lymphoma; 3. patients with hemophagocytic syndrome; 4. patients with lymphoma invading large pulmonary vessels; 5. patients primarily resistant to anti-pd1,pd-l1,pd-l2 antibodies (generally considered as those received anti- pd1,pd-l1,pd-l2 antibodies as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy, but did not achieve pr or cr in non-maintenance treatment).

Keywords: enktl