Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
l-glutamine therapy for sickle cell anemia and sickle ß0 thalassemia

Conditions: Sickle Cell Anemia; Thalassemia

Summary: the purpose of this research is to evaluate the effects of l-glutamine as a therapy for sickle cell anemia and sickle ß0-thalassemia. as evaluated by the number of occurrences of sickle cell crises.

the primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of oral l-glutamine in the therapy of sickle cell anemia and sickle ß0-thalassemia. the secondary purpose is to assess the effect of l-glutamine frequency of hospitalizations for sickle cell pain, frequency of emergency room visits for sickle cell pain; energy and appetite levels; narcotics usage. methodology: by site, patients will be randomized to l-glutamine or placebo in a 1:1 ratio after a 4-week screening period. patients will undergo 48 weeks of treatment with dosing bid orally, with dose calculated according to patient weight. patient visits will occur every 4 weeks. after 48 weeks of treatment, dose will be tapered to zero within 3 weeks. a final evaluation visit will occur 2 weeks after last dose.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: to be eligible to participate in the study, a patient must meet all of the following inclusion criteria: * patient is at least five years of age. * patient has been diagnosed with sickle cell anemia or sickle ß0-thalassemia (documented by hemoglobin electrophoresis). * patient has had at least two episodes of painful crises within 12 months of the screening visit. * if the patient has been treated with an anti-sickling agent within three months of the screening visit, the therapy must have been continuous for at least three months with the intent to continue for the next 14 months. * patient or the patient's legally authorized representative has given written informed consent. * if the patient is a female of child-bearing potential, she agrees to practice a recognized form of birth control during the course of the study. exclusion criteria: if the patient meets any of the following criteria, the patient must not be enrolled: * patient has a significant medical condition that required hospitalization (other than sickle painful crisis) within two months of the screening visit. * patient has diabetes mellitus with untreated fasting blood sugar \>115 mg/dl. * patient has prothrombin time international normalized ratio (inr) \> 2.0. * patient has serum albumin \< 3.0 g/dl. * patient has received any blood products within three weeks of the screening visit. * patient has a history of uncontrolled liver disease or renal insufficiency. * patient is pregnant or lactating. * patient has been treated with an experimental anti-sickling medication/treatment (except hydroxyurea) within 30 days of the screening visit. * patient has been treated with an experimental drug within 30 days of the screening visit. * there are factors that would, in the judgment of the investigator, make it difficult for the patient to comply with the requirements of the study.

Keywords: sickle cell disease sickle cell anemia l-glutamine sickle cell anemia (homozygous) sickle ß0-thalassemia
a parenting and self-care intervention for hiv infected mothers

Conditions: HIV

Summary: the image intervention was developed to improve parenting and self-care skills in mothers infected with hiv. it is expected that an improvement in these areas will in turn improve the mother's physical and mental health as well as the child's mental health and behavioral adjustment.

worldwide, close to half the adults living with hiv are women and a large proportion of these women are of child-bearing age. whereas anyone living with hiv faces the physical challenges of living with a chronic disease, as well as the material and social impact of the stigma associated with the disease, mothers living with hiv must also meet the demands of childrearing while mitigating the negative impact of the disease upon their family. mothers with hiv report that this is their greatest source of stress. moreover, children of these mothers, growing up with a parent with a chronic, stigmatized, and often fatal disease, are considered a high-risk group. the image intervention was designed to improve parenting and self-care skills in mothers with hiv in order to improve the mother's physical and mental health as well as the child's mental health and behavioral adjustment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * mother has confirmed diagnosis of hiv * well (hiv-) child, 6 to 14 years of age * mother is english or spanish speaking * child is english speaking exclusion criteria: * low cognitive/intellectual functioning (\<75) in mother or child * psychosis in mother or child

Keywords: hiv parenting self-care disclosure medication adherence mother child adolescent
effect of global postural re-education in idiopathic scoliosis

Conditions: Idiopathic Scoliosis

Summary: in north america, children and adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (is) are rarely referred for a rehabilitation program whereas the european guidelines stated that scientific evidences concerning scoliosis specific physiotherapy exercises were strong enough to recommend the use of these exercises at an early stage. the objectives of this pilot study is to assess feasibility of conducting a larger randomized control trial (rct) on the effect of global postural re-education (gpr) on scoliosis progression (cobb angle) and posture, back pain and participation and to assess the equivalence of two groups of gpr interventions. a convenience sample of 60 adolescents with is (cobb angle 15º-50º, risser sign ≤3) will be recruited at chu sainte-justine. participants will be randomly allocated to gpr-a (individual sessions once a week) or gpr-b (individual sessions once per two weeks alternately with class exercises once per two weeks) for 6 months. after 6 months, groups will be interchanged for another 6 months. feasibility outcomes will be recruitment rate, consent rate, completion rate and adherence to treatment at 12 months. the primary outcome of the effect of gpr will be the cobb angle. secondary outcomes will be: posture, back pain and participation at 6 and 12 months. statistical analyses: for feasibility, percentage of eligible patients recruited, percentage of recruited patients who completed the trial and adherence to treatment will be calculated. for the preliminary effects of gpr, linear mixed-models will be used to assess differences in groups' changes from baseline, to 6 and 12-month while adjusting for covariates (age, risser, adherence). separate analyses will be conducted for each outcome.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged between 8 and 16 years old, * cobb angle between 15º and 50º, * a risser sign ≤3 (skeletal growth incomplete), * having recent x-rays (4-6 weeks), * ability to travel weekly to attend gpr interventions exclusion criteria: * patients who are planning surgery or have had surgery, * previous regular physiotherapy or other conservative treatment (chiro, osteopathy), * worn a brace for at least three months prior to gpr interventions, * scheduled for clinic follow-up later than in 6±2 months, * or to be discharged before 12 months.

Keywords: physiotherapy global postural re-education cobb angle posture back pain participation
neural mechanisms of successful intervention in children with dyslexia

Conditions: Dyslexia, Developmental

Summary: dyslexia, an impairment in accurate or fluent word recognition, is the most common learning disability affecting roughly ten percent of children. this proposal capitalizes on cutting edge neuroimaging methods, in combination with reading education programs, to generate a new understanding of how successful reading education shapes the development of the brain circuits that support skilled reading. a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of successful remediation of dyslexia, and individual differences in learning, will pave the way for personalized approaches to dyslexia treatment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * reading difficulties defined as low scores on standardized measures of reading skills exclusion criteria: * no major contraindication for mri (braces, metal implants, pacemakers, vascular stents, or metallic ear tubes). * because the study involves measurements of reading and language ability, new recruits will be native english speakers. * subjects have no history of neurological disorder, significant psychiatric problems * exclude claustrophobic subjects since an mri might be uncomfortable for them.
breath ammonia method for h. pylori detection: phase ii

Conditions: Helicobacter Infections

Summary: the objective is to evaluate the utility of a breath ammonia sensing device. in this study we will assess the effect of h. pylori infection on breath ammonia levels by measuring whether there is a change in the pattern or quantity of breath ammonia seen in h. pylori positive patients compared to h. pylori negative patients.

healthy volunteers will undergo testing for h. pylori infection using a 14-c urea breath test, and the results will be compared to an experimental ammonia breath test. the breath sample will be collected by an investigational device that the patient will be exposed to consisting of a plastic mouth-piece which is attached to a t-tubing section having a side-arm port through which a fiberoptic ammonia sensor is inserted inside the tube. to meet the phase ii specific aim, the scope of the clinical trials is expanded addressing the following specific objectives: * test refinements of the sensing system (hardware, software, \& breath test device) * determine whether a urea dose-response effect exists following urea ingestion, * define the optimal cutoff values for expired breath ammonia to allow optimal discrimination of h. pylori infected vs. uninfected persons. * determine the appropriate time interval for breath ammonia testing following urea ingestion. * determine whether there is a change in breath ammonia level after h. pylori treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult volunteers not meeting exclusion criteria exclusion criteria: * known cirrhosis of the liver * renal insufficiency (bun greater than 40 mg/dl, creatinine greater than 2.0 mg/dl). * prior gastric resection * severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (forced expiratory volume in 1 second less than 1.5 l) * patients unwilling or unable to discontinue proton pump inhibitors for 2 weeks prior to scheduled 14c or non-isotopic urea breath testing * patients who have received antibiotics or bismuth within the preceding month. * patients unwilling or unable to give informed consent * pregnant women (14c urea breath test is not approved for use in pregnant women) * age less than 21 years (14c urea breath test is not approved for use in children)

Keywords: ammonia
my baby biome: infant stool samples for microbiome health (mbb)

Conditions: Dysbiosis

Summary: my baby biome is an observational study that will use 600 infant stool samples to determine the biomarkers associated with a healthy infant gut. biomarkers identified in this study will be used to develop precision probiotics and lbps for improving infant gut health outcomes to the benefit of all infants. parents will be asked to submit follow-up questionnaires regarding infant immune health to improve insights obtained from the data.


Eligibility criteria:
exclusion criteria: * infants under 2 weeks or over 2 months old * infants given any antibiotic or probiotic treatments * infants delivered prematurely or admitted to the nicu outside of establishment of normal feeding * infants with mothers under the age of 18 * infants with mothers known to have hiv, hepatitis a, hepatitis b, hepatitis c, or sars-cov2
a randomized trial of clinical decision making in asymptomatic carotid stenosis

Conditions: Carotid Stenosis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine patient variables, physician presenter variables, and information variables that might affect clinical decision making in asymptomatic carotid stenosis. the hypothesis is that information variables are the most significant determinant of clinical decision making.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * no known history of carotid stenosis exclusion criteria: * history of dementia * unable to read english

Keywords: medical decision making asymptomatic carotid stenosis
efficacy and safety of prandial inhalation of technosphere/insulin in combination with metformin or technosphere/insulin alone versus 2 oral anti-diabetic agents in subjects with type 2 diabetes

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: to demonstrate the efficacy of inhaled technosphere/insulin in combination with metformin versus combination metformin and a secretagogue


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * non-smokers with clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus for \>or= to 6 months * stable regimen of metformin for \> or = to 1000mg/day or maximum tolerated dose) and a secretagogue \< or = 1/2 the maximum manufacturer-recommended daily dose without any dose adjustments within the preceding 6 wks. * fixed dose combination products of metformin and sulfonylurea are acceptable as long as each individual dose meets inclusion criteria * hba1c \>or= to 7.5% and \< or= to 11.0% * bmi \< or = to 40kg/m2. * fev1\> or = to 70%, total lung capacity and \> or =80% dlco \> or= to 70% exclusion criteria: * treatment with any type of anti-diabetic therapy, other than metformin \& secretagogues within the preceding 12 weeks * serum creatinine \> 1.4mg/dl in female subjects and \>1.5mg/dl in male subjects * history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, clinically proven asthma and/or any other clinically important pulmonary function testing and/or radiologic findings * evidence of serious complications of diabetes (e.g. autonomic neuropathy)
asthma management project university leiden

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: the long-term course of asthma shows variable outcome with regard to the incidence of exacerbations and the decline of lung function over time. the present study aimed: 1. to investigate whether asthma management additionally guided by the degree of bronchial hyperresponsiveness leads to a better outcome 2. to examine the predictors among clinical and inflammatory disease markers of the long-term decline in lung function

asthma is associated with a specific inflamma¬tory state of the airways. assuming that the degree of airway inflammation is a determinant for the long-term disease outcome, it follows that, asthma therapy should be aimed at maximal reduction of airway inflammation, in addition to reducing symptoms. however, according to current guidelines, therapy should only be directed to the clinical severity of the disease. there is increasing evidence that bronchial hyper¬respon¬siveness can be used as a non-invasive reflection of airway inflamma¬tion \[29\]. however, it is still unknown whether bronchial responsiveness provides relevant additional information for adjusting therapy during follow-up of patients with asthma. therefore, in this study we will: 1. compare the disease outcome in two parallel groups of patients with asthma, receiving therapy aimed at either clinical severity only, or therapy aimed at both clinical severity, and bronchial hyper¬responsiveness to methacho¬li¬ne. the outcome will be assessed at three levels. first, the severity, second, lung function and bronchial responsive¬ness, and third, humoral, cellular, and histological indices of airway inflamma¬tion. to that end we will assess symptoms, lung function, bronchial respon¬siveness, and immunological parameters in blood, every three months. furthermore, a bronchos¬copy with a bronchoalveolar lavage and bronchial biopsy will be carried out to provide for material for immunologic and pathologic anatomical examination, at the beginning and at the end of the study. 2. analyse the predictors among clinical- and inflammatory parameters of exacerbations and long-term decline in lung function during long-term follow-up

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * asthma based on gina guidelines (www.ginasthma.org) exclusion criteria: * oral steroids

Keywords: bronchial hyperresponsiveness atopy inhaled steroids exacerbations lung function decline prognosis
transcutaneous medial plantar nerve stimulation in women with idiopathic overactive bladder

Conditions: Urinary Bladder, Overactive

Summary: the investigators conducted a prospective, randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study based on a placebo technique to evaluate the efficacy of t-mpns vs placebo in women with idiopathic oab. the main questions aimed to be answered are: what are the effects of transcutaneous medial plantar nerve stimulation (t-mpss) on clinical parameters related to incontinence and quality of life compared to the placebo group in women with idiopathic overactive bladder (oab)? participants (n:40) with idiopathic oab who meet the exclusion and inclusion criteria will be divided into 2 groups using a randomization table. the first group will receive t-mpss (n:20) and the second group will receive placebo t-mpss (n:20). measurements will be performed twice in total, before and at the end of treatment (6th week).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women over the age of 18 with clinical diagnosis of idiopathic oab * not tolerated or unresponsive to antimuscarinics and discontinued at least 4 weeks * able to understand the procedures, advantages and possible side effects * willing and able to complete the voiding diary and qol questionnaire * the strength of pelvic floor muscles 3/5 and more exclusion criteria: * women with stress urinary incontinence * history of conservative therapy (t-mpns and transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation/ptns) within 6 months * pregnancy or intention to become pregnant during the study * current vulvovaginitis or urinary tract infections or malignancy * anatomic or posttraumatic malformations/skin disorders of medial plantar nerve region on inner foot that cannot allow to apply the electrodes * more than stage 2 according to the pelvic organ prolapse quantification (pop-q) * cardiac pacemaker, implanted defibrillator * previous urogynecological surgery within 3 months * neurogenic bladder, signs of neurologic abnormalities at objective examination; history of the peripheral or central neurologic pathology * ultrasonographic evidence of post-void residual volume more than 100 ml

Keywords: idiopathic overactive bladder transcutaneous medial plantar nerve stimulation urinary incontinence
gastric ultrasound in diabetic patients

Conditions: Gastric Emptying; Diabetes; Ultrasound

Summary: the american society of anesthesiologists (asa) does not specify a fasting period for patients with certain comorbidities, such as diabetes, for elective surgery, and does not make a separate recommendation for surgery. the european society of anesthesiology (esa) guidelines do not differentiate between diabetic patients and normal patients. aspiration of gastric contents is a common cause of perioperative morbidity and mortality. aspiration can cause hypoxia, bronchospasm, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome and death. the presence of food or fluid in the stomach before induction of anesthesia is one of the greatest risk factors for perioperative pulmonary aspiration. sedation and general anesthesia suppress or inhibit physiologic mechanisms (tone of the lower esophageal sphincter and upper airway reflexes) that protect against aspiration. because restriction of fluid and food intake before general anesthesia is vital for patient safety, anesthesiology societies have developed guidelines for preoperative fasting. current asa guidelines recommend at least 2 hours fasting for clear liquids, 6 hours fasting after a light meal (toast and clear liquids) and 8 hours fasting after a high calorie or fat meal. the information obtained from gastric ultrasound allows anesthesiologists to determine the optimal timing of procedures, type of anesthesia and airway management technique.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * written informed consent obtained 40-65 bmi\<40 asa i-iii fasting for at least 8 hours elective surgery exclusion criteria: * pregnancy upper gastrointestinal malignancy large hiatal hernia kidney failure liver failure opioid use use of drugs affecting motility previous upper abdominal surgery bmi ≥40 kg/m2 emergency surgery diabetic ketoacidosis sepsis

Keywords: fasting gastric ultrasound preoperative fasting diabetes
magnesium sulphate in premature rupture of membranes

Conditions: Premature Rupture of Membrane

Summary: to assess the outcome of using magnesium sulphate on fetus and women with preterm premature rupture of membranes

preterm premature rupture of membranes (pprom) is defined as rupture of the chorioamniotic membranes before the onset of labor prior to 37 weeks of gestation. approximately 1% to 5% of pregnancies are complicated by pprom . pprom contributes to perinatal morbidity and mortality, secondary to premature birth, and maternal morbidity. overall, pprom accounts for about one-third of all preterm births . in order to reduce the effects of prematurity, early pprom (24 to 33 weeks) is best served with conservative management in the absence of labor, infection, or fetal distress . the conservative management of pprom consists of the use of antibiotic treatment and antenatal steroid to enhance fetal lung maturity . with or without the presence of labor, it is unclear whether tocolysis of women with pprom would be efficacious in reducing the consequences of prematurity .the use of tocolytics in women with pprom is still controversial. many physicians use tocolytic therapy as a prophylactic measure and others initiate tocolysis only with the onset of contractions. there is also a variety of options for tocolysis: betamimetics, calcium channel blockers, cyclo-oxygenase (cox) inhibitors, oxytocin receptor antagonists and magnesium sulphate . as betamimetis is not available and isn't used in our country and magnesium sulphate is available magnesium sulphate is used widly. the loading dose of magnesium sulphate is iv 4 gm over 20 minutes followed by 1gm/hour for 6 hours the potential benefit from increased latency due to tocolysis must be weighed against the potential harm in increased maternal and perinatal infection, the latter of which can possibly lead to long-term sequelae for the child, including cerebral palsy

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pregnant women with gastational age between 28 weeks and 36 weeks and 6 days who are diagnosed with preterm prelabour rupture of membranes exclusion criteria: * clinical suspicion of chorioamnionitis * patients refusal to participate in clinical research. * significant vaginal bleeding * previous tocolysis use after rupture of membranes * nonreassuring fetal heart tracing * fetal anomalies * significant maternal medical complications, and maternal or fetal indication for delivery

Keywords: magnesium sulphate