anti-her2 therapy in patients of her2 positive metastatic carcinoma of digestive system

Conditions: Targeted Therapy; HER2; Biliary Tract Cancer; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Colorectal Cancer

Summary: to seek the efficacy signals of trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy in pretreated patients of her2 positive, relapse or metastatic carcinoma of digestive system as response rate (rr) determined by the investigator using recist 1.1, and provide evidence for phase iii clinical trial.

human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, (her2) is overexpressed /amplified in multiple carcinomas, for example, gastric cancer(gc), gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma(geja),and breast cancer.and her2 is closely related to tumor proliferation \&metastases.about 90% chinese esophagus cancer are squamous cell origin. the reported her2 overexpression ranged from 5-30%, beijing cancer hospital reported an 11% positive rate. the variety of her2 positive rate may because of the absence of standard her2 testing criteria. the current treatment for metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (escc) is not satisfactory. fluorouracil and platinum are considered as first line standard of care (soc) with a 20-30% rr and 7-9 months overall survival (os). in second line setting, there is no soc in china. and the efficacy is not satisfactory. esophageal adenocarcinoma has a higher her2 positive rate of 14%, but no data reported of using trastuzumab in these patients in china. biliary tract cancer (btc), including intrahepatic/extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer (gbc) is very aggressive, total 5y survival is less than 5% for unresectable patients. gbc is account for approximately 2/3 of btc, and it's estimated the incidence in china is 52800 and the mortality is 40700 in 2015. most patients are diagnosed in advanced stage and lose the opportunity of surgery. however, there is no soc for unresectable btc, gemcitabine plus platinum provided a 30% rr and 10 month os. in second line treatment, no differences were seen between various experimental agents. the reported her2 positive rate range from 5.1% to 57% in biliary duct cancer and 4.7% to 64% in gbc. researchers reported her2 amplification is related to tumor stage and lymph nodes metastasis in 221 btc patients. another study reported a 16.6% positive rate and worse prognosis with a sample size of 230 gbc patients. meanwhile, her2 pathway mutation rate reached 37%. all imply that btc may be the potential anti her therapy population. besides, other digestive system tumor has low her2 positive rate (small intestinal cancer 0.9-3%; hepatocellular carcinoma 2.4%; pancreatic cancer 3%; etc.). however, the patient pool is large and has no soc in second line. whether these her2 + patients can gain benefit form anti- her treatment is worth investigating. in 2016 american society of clinical oncology (asco), a study reported that using trastuzumab and pertuzumab combination, 35% metastatic colorectal cancer (crc) and 50% btc patients who heavily pretreated had objective response. however, china doesn't have studies for these patients. . the concurrent basket trial will explore the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab with chemotherapy in chinese patients of pretreated, her2 positive, relapse or metastatic carcinoma of digestive system.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * signed informed consent. * male and female patients aged from 18 to 75 years * histologically confirmed colorectal cancer,esophagus squamous cell carcinoma, biliary tract cancer, and digestive system tumor beyond crc and gc\&geja with the following specifications: * genetic testing conformed kras/nras/braf all wild type for colorectal cancer * detection of a carcinoma with her2 3+ (ihc) or her2 2+ (ihc) with amplification proven by fluorescence in situ hybridization(fish), silver in situ hybridization（sish） or chromogenic in situ hybridization（cish） using gastric cancer criteria by an accredited local pathologist. * relapse or metastatic diseases, at least one measurable lesion according to recist 1.1, anticipated survival ≥ 12 weeks. * ecog performance status 0-1. * patients who failed at least first line systemic therapy. * adequate organ function as determined by the following laboratory results: * absolute neutrophil count ≥1500 cells/mm3, * platelet count ≥ 90,000 cells/mm3, * hemoglobin ≥9.0 g/dl * total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 upper limit of normal (uln). * serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase(sgot,ast), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase(sgpt,alt) \< 2.5 uln without liver metastases; \< 5 uln with liver metastases. * serum creatinine \< 1.5 * uln or creatinine clearance ≥ 40 ml/ min. * if able to reproduce, patients must be willing to use highly effective methods of contraception during treatment and for 7 months after the end of treatment. exclusion criteria: * known hypersensitivity against treatment regimen. * baseline left ventricular ejection fraction(lvef) \< 50% (measured by echocardiography or muga). * previous anti-her treatment. * immune therapy, biological therapy or any participation in clinical trial in previous two weeks. * surgery and not recovered in previous three weeks * clinical evidence of brain metastases, or uncontrolled epilepsy. * serious uncontrolled systemic intercurrent illness, e.g. infections or poorly controlled diabetes. * other malignancy within the last 5 years, except for carcinoma in situ of the cervix, or basal cell carcinoma. * clinically significant active coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy or congestive heart failure, new york heart association(nyha) iii-iv; poorly controlled hypertension (systolic bp \> 180 mmhg or diastolic bp \> 100 mmhg); clinically significant valvular heart disease; unstable angina pectoris, myocardial infarction or high risk uncontrollable arrhythmias. * long term or high dose corticosteroids administration ( inhalation or short term oral administration for antiemesis and orexigenic is allowed) * patients of legally incapacity or of medical and ethical reasons not fit for study. * pregnant or lactating, or intending to become pregnant during the study. * jaundice, ascites, and / or alkaline phosphatase ≥3 × uln; and / or ≥3 grade (ctc-ae) of persistent proteinuria, urinary protein / creatinine ratio\> 3.5g / 24 hours or renal failure need blood or peritoneal dialysis. * presence of \> grade 2(ctc-ae) persistent infection; unhealed wounds, ulcer or fracture, or patients with a history of organ transplant. * evidence of coagulation disorders. like presence ≥grade 3 (ctc-ae) bleeding events. * known hiv or hepatitis b virus(hbv), hepatitis c virus(hcv) infection. * any \> grade 1 unresolved toxicity due to previous treatment (ctc-ae), except for alopecia, anemia and hypothyroidism). * not suitable for the study evaluated by investigators * known dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (dpd) deficiency. * history of exposure to the following cumulative doses of anthracyclines: * doxorubicin \> 500 mg/m2 or epirubicin \> 720 mg/m2. * if another anthracycline or more than one anthracycline has been used, then the cumulative dose must not exceed the equivalent of 500 mg/m2 doxorubicin.

Keywords: human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 biliary tract cancer esophageal squamous cell carcinoma targeted therapy colorectal cancer