Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effects of somatostatin on liver in adpkd

Conditions: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

Summary: autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (adpkd) is associated with the development of a variety of extrarenal manifestations of which polycystic liver disease is most common. the investigators aimed to assess the changes over time of liver volume in adpkd patients and whether it is affected by the treatment with the somatostatin analogue, octreotide. 35 adpkd patients (14 males) aged 34±8 years were randomly assigned to 36 month treatment with placebo (n=18) or octreotide (n=17). clinical and liver parameters at magnetic resonance (rm) were evaluated at baseline, study end and after 24 months of drug withdrawal.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney and liver disease * glomerular filtration rate greater than 40 ml/min exclusion criteria: * diabetes mellitus * proteinuria greater than 1 g/24 hours * significant glomerular disease * urinary tract lithiasis and infections * symptomatic gallstones * biliary sludge * cancer * pregnant women * lactanting women
acute montelukast in asthma

Conditions: Acute Asthma Exacerbation

Summary: patients presenting to hospital with an acute asthma exacerbation severe enough to require admission would receive full standard treatment according to british thoracic society guidelines in addition they would be offered the opportunity to take part in the study which would requite them to take a capsule of either montelukast or placebo.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * acute asthma exacerbation requiring hospitalisation exclusion criteria: * smoking history greater than or equal to 10 pack years * presenting pefr greater than or equal to 75% predicted / best * failure to demonstrate greater than or equal to 15% variability in pefr or fev during the study * any significant and active pulmonary pathology other than asthma * pregnancy or breastfeeding * intended pregnancy or inability to take adequate precautions against conception * patient already on montelukast * patient already on phenobarbitone * patient already on rifampicin * patient already on phenytoin * chronic airflow limitation

Keywords: acute asthma exacerbation montelukast management of acute asthma exacerbation
to evaluate the effect of ritonavir or omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of samatasvir (idx719) in healthy participants (mk-1894-006)

Conditions: Chronic Hepatitis C Infection

Summary: this study is designed to evaluate the potential for an effect of ritonavir (norvir®) or omeprazole (prilosec®) on the pharmacokinetics of samatasvir and to assess the safety and tolerability of the study drugs when administered alone and in combination in healthy participants.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * read and signed the written informed consent form (icf) after the nature of the study has been fully explained. * all participants of childbearing potential must agree to use a double method of birth control (one of which must be a barrier) from screening through at least 90 days after the last dose of the study drug. exclusion criteria: * pregnant or breastfeeding.

Keywords: hcv hepatitis c antiviral drugs liver
effect of post-operative chlorhexidine on postoperative pain and complications after surgical removal of mandibular third molars

Conditions: Third Molars Extraction

Summary: this study aimed to assess the impact of postoperative chlorhexidine use on pain management following mandibular third molar removal in this prospective, randomized controlled trial,130 patients who underwent mandibular third molar surgical removal were divided into two groups: one group used chlorhexidine for postoperative rinsing and the other did not rinse. pain levels, measured using the numeric rating scale (nrs), were recorded daily for the first seven days post-surgery. paired-samples t-tests were utilized for data analysis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: • healthy adults (18+) referred by their dentist for third molar removal exclusion criteria: * active pericoronitis or other infections * planned coronectomy * trismus * chronic pain * pregnancy * known allergies to local anesthesia

Keywords: third molar chlorhexidine
efficacy of augmented feedback on lumbar postural and movement control during physiotherapy and home exercise

Conditions: Low Back Pain

Summary: exercise therapy is effective in improving pain experience and disability in patients with non-specific low back pain (nslbp) and movement/postural control impairments. however, patients often find traditional exercises monotonous and discontinue their execution. augmented feedback tools (af) might improve patient adherence and therapy outcomes, but evidence is currently lacking on their effects on movement/postural control. in a pilot randomised controlled trial (rct) on a population of patients with nslbp and movement control impairment, treatment with physiotherapy and home exercise supported by af is compared to traditional physiotherapy and home exercise treatment without af (control group). the primary outcomes are defined as lumbar movement control and postural control, measured using an inertial measurement system.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * non specific low back pain for at least four weeks * at least moderate disability (as indicated by an oswestry disability index (odi) \> 8% (mannion et al., 2006)) * low levels of biopsychosocial risk factors (start back screening tool \> 4 points) (hill et al., 2011) * at least two positive movement control impairment tests (luomajoki et al., 2008, sahrmann, 2002) exclusion criteria: * specific low back pain * pain in other areas of the body (e.g. neck, head, thoracic spine or arms) * vertigo or equilibrium disturbances * systemic diseases (e.g. tumours and diabetes) * injuries * surgeries of the legs within the last six months * medication affecting postural control * pregnancy

Keywords: low back pain
study of irinotecan plus capecitabine to treat advanced colorectal cancer

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer

Summary: the objectives of this study are to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of single-week regimen of irinotecan plus capecitabine in the first-line or second-line treatment of advanced colorectal cancer.

irinotecan and capecitabine are approved to be the effective drugs for the advanced colorectal cancer patients. however, the combination of these two drugs are not regularly recommended due to the severe diarrhea as the most common adverse event.this study was designed to explore whether the single-week regimen of irinotecan plus capecitabine improves efficacy and does not increase the toxicity in advanced colorectal cancer patients in china.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * signed informed consent * histologically confirmed colorectal cancer * age 18-70 years old * advanced colorectal cancer patients, first-line or second-line treatment, the adjuvant treatment including the oxaliplatin or/and 5fu should be finished six months before * have at least one measurable lesion according to the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (recist) criteria. * ecog 0-1 * life expectancy of more than 3 months. * normal laboratory values: hemoglobin \> 90g/dl, neutrophils \> 1.5×10\^9/l, platelets \> 100×10\^9/l, serum creatinine \< 1.5×upper limit of normal (uln), serum bilirubin \< 1.5×uln, alt and ast \< 2.5×uln, akp \< 4×uln exclusion criteria: * pregnant or lactating patients * concurrent disease or condition that would make the subject inappropriate for study participation, or any serious medical disorder that would interfere with the subject's safety * active or uncontrolled infection * known history of uncontrolled or symptomatic angina, arrhythmias, or congestive heart failure * patients could not swallow the tablets * concomitant with brain metastases

Keywords: metastases neoplasm
auricular neurostimulation for cyclic vomiting syndrome

Conditions: Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome; Abdominal Migraine

Summary: this study evaluates the efficacy of auricular neurostimulation via an non-invasive percutaneous electrical nerve field stimulator in children and adults with cyclic vomiting syndrome.

cyclic vomiting syndrome (cvs) is an difficult to treat and debilitating functional gastrointestinal disorder. majority of children and adults with cvs have concurrent severe abdominal pain and migraine-features, rendering them incapacitated during the vomiting cycle. the vagus nerve carries signals of nausea, vomiting and pain between the brain and the gastrointestinal tract and is part of the autonomic nervous system. the autonomic nervous system appears to be in imbalance in patients with cvs during a vomiting cycle. by stimulating a branch of the vagus nerve in the outer ear, this study aims to improve symptoms and quality of life in both children and adults with cvs. subjects will be randomized to receive active vs sham (non-active) neurostimulation therapy for 5 days at the onset of a cvs cycle. they will then cross over to the other group (active vs sham) at the onset of the next cvs cycle. subjects in a separate sub-study receive 6 weeks of active neurostimulation therapy (5 days/week). pain, nausea, vomiting, anxiety, quality of life, potential side effects and overall symptom improvement will be monitored before and after therapy for the entire study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * meeting rome iv pediatric or adult criteria for cyclic vomiting syndrome (cvs) * concurrent abdominal pain with cvs cycle * english-speaking * lack of other explanation for symptoms * either predictable, 'calendar-timed' episodes or prodromal symptoms for 12-24 hours that are predictive of episodes onset exclusion criteria: * medically complex and/or suffering from medical condition that may explain symptoms * taking a medication that may explain symptoms * significant developmental delays * patients treated with a new drug affecting the central nervous system within one week of enrollment * infection or severe dermatological condition of ear * stable vital signs * no currently implanted electrical device * for adults (and adolescents as applicable): pregnancy, severe cardiopulmonary disease, concurrent chronic marijuana use (\>2 times/month over past 6 months prior to enrollment)
nutrition study for school age children

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: in this study, we evaluate whether dietary advice based on two healthy nutritional programs can be effectively delivered to families over one month by telephone. we hypothesize that among overweight school age children, a one-month telephone intervention will result in specific dietary changes consistent with the randomly assigned dietary intervention.

overweight and obesity have increasingly become problems faced by children. however, the best dietary approach for managing weight in children remains unclear and how to make dietary advice practical remains a challenge. the primary aim of the study is to evaluate the feasibility of a one-month telephone-based dietary intervention for pediatric obesity in achieving changes in the target variable (dietary glycemic load or dietary fat) of the assigned intervention. we hypothesis that among overweight school age children, a one-month telephone intervention will elicit specific dietary changes consistent with the randomly assigned prescriptions. specifically, children counseled to reduce glycemic load will achieve a significantly greater mean reduction in glycemic load than those counseled to reduced dietary fat and, conversely, those counseled to reduce dietary fat will achieve a significantly greater mean reduction in dietary fat than those counseled to reduce glycemic load. the first ten participants enrolled will comprise a pilot study group intend to inform study design/methods and will not be included in the primary analysis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * bmi ≥ 85%ile for age and sex within the last 6 months * living at home with a working telephone. * subject conversant in english * parent/guardian conversant and literate in english * family readiness to make dietary changes exclusion criteria: * major chronic medical illness (e.g., cancer) * psychiatric disorder * obesity-associated genetic syndrome * current participation in another obesity-related research study or a formal weight loss program * family or child following a specialized diet * related to or living with another child study participant
ecg & echo changes in children with dka

Conditions: Pediatric Disorder

Summary: diabetic ketoacidosis (dka) is an important complication of childhood diabetes mellitus and the most frequent diabetes-related cause of death in children. diabetic ketoacidosis (dka) is caused by a decrease in effective circulating insulin associated with increases in counter regulatory hormones including glucagon, catecholamines, cortisol, and growth hormone. this leads to increased glucose production by the liver and kidney and impaired peripheral glucose utilisation with resultant hyperglycaemia, and hyperosmolality. increased lipolysis, with ketone body (beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate) production causes ketonaemia and metabolic acidosis. hyperglycaemia and acidosis result in osmotic diuresis, dehydration, and obligate loss of electrolytes.

dka can affect cardiovascular function through several mechanisms. the effect of acidosis on the heart depends upon the ph level. in mild acidosis, there is increased catecholamine release which is compensated by increased inotropy, chronotropy, cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance. when acidosis is severe, i.e. ph is less than 7.2, the h+ ions have a direct cardiac depressant action. fluid and electrolyte imbalance is very common in dka, potassium deficit is one of the most important of electrolyte imbalances seen in dka as it can lead to fatal arrhythmias. the most common and perhaps the earliest ecg finding in hypokalemia is a prominent u wave, usually evident in leads ii and iii. the most common cardiac arrhythmias are atrial premature contractions, atrial tachycardia with or without atrioventricular block, supraventricular and ventricular premature contractions.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pediatric patients aged : 1 month -18years with diabetic ketoacidosis exclusion criteria: * pediatric patients who have associated cardiovascular disease. ( congenital or rheumatic). * pediatric patients with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state. * pediatric patients with other causes of metabolic acidosis.
relations between pelvic floor, diaphragm and trunk muscles

Conditions: Prostate Cancer; Urinary Incontinence

Summary: the present study evaluates the functional relations of pelvic floor, diaphragm, and torso muscles, their variation and correlations with urinary incontinence while separately training physical characteristics of the mentioned muscles in men after radical prostatectomy.

during the last two decades, the connection between pelvic floor muscles (pfm) and abdominal muscles or diaphragm has been detected: pfm contract and relax during the inhalation and exhalation in pace with the diaphragm; the activity of the pfm increases with the increase of intra-abdominal pressure during forced exhalations or cough. the role of pelvic floor is essential for the synergy of diaphragm and abdominal muscles in maintenance of intra-abdominal pressure. according to the aforementioned physiological functional relationships, the investigators have postulated a hypothesis that diaphragm muscles training and abdominal muscles training could have similar effect as direct pfm training on pelvic floor muscles strength and pelvic floor muscles endurance measured using perineometer in men after radical prostatectomy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * stable somatic state * written informed consent. exclusion criteria: * chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, * surgical interventions in abdominal area, * complains in lower back, * acute musculoskeletal injuries in last 6 months * cognitive dysfunction

Keywords: prostatectomy rehabilitation incontinence
a study to evaluate the long-term safety, tolerability and effect on disease course

Conditions: Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to make laquinimod 0.6 mg available for all subjects who completed the placebo-controlled ms-laq-301 study according to the protocol and to evaluate the long-term safety, tolerability and effect on disease course of daily oral laquinimod 0.6 mg in subjects with relapsing multiple sclerosis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subjects must have completed the termination visit of ms-laq-301 (completion of all termination visit activities) according to the ms-laq-301 protocol. 2. women of child-bearing potential must practice an acceptable method of birth control \[acceptable methods of birth control in this open label extension phase include: surgical sterilization, intrauterine devices, oral contraceptive, contraceptive patch (or hormone-releasing vaginal ring), long-acting injectable contraceptive, partner's vasectomy or double-barrier method (condom or diaphragm with spermicide)\] during the study and up to 30 days after the last dose of the study drug.. 3. subjects must be willing and able to comply with the protocol requirements for the duration of the study. 4. subjects must be able to comprehend, sign and date a written informed consent prior to entering the ms-laq-301e study. exclusion criteria: 1. premature discontinuation from the ms-laq-301 study, for any reason. 2. pregnancy \[according to urine dipstick β-hcg test performed at baseline (month 0e) visit\] or breastfeeding. 3. subjects with clinically significant or unstable medical or surgical condition detected or worsened during the ms-laq-301 study, which preclude safe participation and completion of the ms-laq-301e study. acute exacerbation of ms will not exclude participation in the ms-laq-301e study. 4. use of inhibitors of cyp3a4 within 2 weeks prior to baseline visit (v0e, month 0e).

Keywords: relapsing multiple sclerosis
efficacy and safety study of glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate to patients treatment with osteoarthrosis of the knee

Conditions: Osteoarthritis of the Knee

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate association in the treatment of patients with osteoarthrosis of the knee.

to assess the efficacy and safety of the association of glucosamine sulphate 500 mg/chondroitin sulphate 400 mg (eurofarma) in the treatment of osteoarthritis, compared to cosamin ds® (nutramax) in same presentation and pharmaceutical form. some eligibility criteria: osteoarthritis of the knee confirmed by radiological examination; visual analogue scale (vas) \> 40 mm; clinical diagnosis of pain and functional limitation

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects have to read and sign the approved the informed consent form prior to any participation in the study. * male or female subjects, aged upper to 40 years. * osteoarthritis of the knee confirmed by radiological examination. * visual analogue scale (vas) \> 40 mm. * kellgren and lawrence grade 1 to 3. * clinical diagnosis of pain and functional limitation. exclusion criteria: * history of significant trauma or surgery in the affected joint. * pregnant women, lactating or not using appropriate contraceptive method. * history or presence of active rheumatic disease that may be responsible for secondary osteoarthritis. * severe inflammation of the joint confirmed by physical examination (excluding also erythrocyte sedimentation \<40mm/h and rheumatoid factor \<1:40). * body mass index \> 30. * hematologic abnormalities, liver, renal or metabolic functions which undermine the serious participation of the patient (at investigator's criteria). * systemic administration and/or intra-articular corticosteroids in the last 3 months. * have made use of glucosamine and/or chondroitin. * lequesne index of \> 12. * arthroplasty in the affected joint. * use of narcotic analgesics. * any condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, renders the patient unable to participate in the study.

Keywords: osteoarthritis (oa) knee
pilot study of a text message platform to reduce risky drinking in young adults

Conditions: Alcohol Abuse; Alcohol Consumption; Drinking Behavior

Summary: young adults are in a critical period where they can be influenced to avoid a trajectory of high-risk drinking and harmful outcomes in the later adult years. the emergency department might offer a unique opportunity to reach young adults, if an easy to implement screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment was available. the investigators are investigating the feasibility and accuracy of ed-initiated and outpatient-continued assessment of drinking behavior in young adults using a computer-driven text messaging platform. based on the subject's response to weekly assessments, the computer platform will send personalized motivational messages in real-time.

greater than 45% of young adults have heavy episodic drinking (hed; 5/4 drinks per occasion form men/women), resulting in significant health risks, including injury and death. early identification and secondary prevention of hed using screening, brief interventions and referral to treatment (sbirt) is advocated by the national institute on alcohol abuse and alcoholism (niaaa) as a way to reduce injury and health consequences. each day in the united states, there are over 2700 emergency department (ed) visits associated with alcohol, unfortunately, sbirt is rarely performed in the ed due to time and training requirements. our application seeks to solve this problem by integrating sbirt into ed care through the use of ecological assessments with interventions. we will incorporate components of the niaaa 2005 clinicians guide into automated weekly assessments (ea) and branching algorithms for personalized interventions (ea\&i) delivered in real-time through mobile phone text messaging to young adults with a history of at-risk drinking behavior. we will assess the feasibility of ea\&i to study young adults with a history of at-risk drinking and assess the variability in outcomes in patients undergoing ea\&i, ea or standard care. we expect to find that this ed-initiated and outpatientcontinued platform will improve collection of drinking behavior, delivery of real-world motivational feedback and follow-up in young adults with at-risk drinking histories. we anticipate that short-term hed will be reduced in those subjects randomized to ea\&i. we will use this information to support further studies with adequate power to show ed-initiated ea\&i reduce long-term hed and its adverse consequences in young adults.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18-24 years * english speaking * owns a personal phone with text messaging exclusion criteria: * pregnant * prisoner * treated for alcohol dependence or abuse * treated for psychiatric disorder

Keywords: alcohol abuse drinking behavior text computer