Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
evaluation of hcv viremia testing approaches among pwid in georgia

Conditions: Hepatitis C, Chronic

Summary: this study will evaluate two novel approaches to improve access to hepatitis c virus (hcv) confirmatory viremia testing. both approaches are "harm reduction site-based (hrs)" because hcv viremia testing will be initiated and test results will be provided at the hrss. these approaches will be compared to the current standard of care (control) in which anti-hcv-positive individuals must travel to a hcv treatment centre for hcv viremia testing. the investigators hypothesize that improving access to viremia testing improves linkage to care and reduces loss to follow-up among those who screen anti-hcv-positive.

a major step in identifying hcv infected individuals in georgia has already been implemented by providing rapid anti-hcv testing for people who inject drugs (pwid) at hrs. however, access to hcv confirmatory viremia testing remains limited as pwid must be referred to treatment centers for testing. two novel approaches to improve access to hcv viremia testing will be evaluated. in the first approach, participants with a positive anti-hcv test will have blood drawn and hcv rna test performed at the hrs. test results will be provided the same day (or the following day if the participant is unable to wait for results) at the hrs. in the second approach participants with a positive anti-hcv test will have blood drawn at the hrs. the blood will be processed on site and a plasma sample shipped to a central laboratory for viremia testing. test results will be communicated to the participants by hrs staff at a follow-up visit as soon as the results are available. in both groups, participants who test positive will be referred to a treatment centre for further assessments and subsequent treatment initiation.

Eligibility criteria:
1. people who inject drugs attending for care and needle provision at harm reduction sites. inclusion criteria: * any history of injection drug use (idu) * age ≥18 years * anti-hcv-positive on rapid diagnostic test performed at the hrs * eligible for the georgia hcv state program * living in the catchment area served by the hrs * no plans to move out of the catchment area during the next 6 months * willing and able to give informed consent exclusion criteria: * tested hcv rna-positive from april 2015 * pregnancy (self-report) * currently on treatment for hepatitis c * unable to provide a blood sample 2. hrs staff involved in hcv testing and care: inclusion criteria * provide hcv services at hrs from screening through linkage to care. 3. laboratory staff performing hcv viremia testing at the hrss, lugar centre and treatment centres: inclusion criteria: * perform hcv viremia testing

Keywords: hcv viremia testing
brachial plexus injury after prone positioning

Conditions: Brachial Plexus Injury; Nerve Compression

Summary: the goal of this prospective observational study is to estimate the prevalence of brachial plexus injury after prone positioning in patients with ards and to evaluate the safety of swimmer position. the main questions it aims to answer are: * could arm positioning during pronation play a role in the development of any nerve injury at the brachial plexus level? * is swimmer position safe when adopted during prone positioning? participants will be studied at selective time points using emg assessment.

prone positioning will be performed according to the current guidelines. particularly, face and limbs will be placed according to the "swimmer position", ensuring the face position in the direction of ventilator and limbs (one arm above head and opposite arm at side) positioned as to prevent abnormal extension or flexion against the shoulders and elbows. patients will lie on low air loss pressure mattresses, thus avoiding the utilization of any thoraco-pelvic supports, which are not recommended. electromyography (emg) will be performed to evaluate the occurrence of brachial plexus injury (bpi).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥ 18 years old * admission to icu for severe ards * administration of sedation and neuromuscular blocking agents * presence of endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation * use of prone positioning to treat hypoxemia exclusion criteria: * extracorporeal membrane oxygenation * prone positioning performed in other centers * prone positioning contraindications * neurodegenerative disorders * previous known brachial plexus injury

Keywords: prone position brachial plexus respiratory distress syndrome intensive care unit swimmer position
the development and experimental application of a new thoracostomy trocar

Conditions: Pneumothorax

Summary: traditional closed thoracostomy exhibit certain shortcomings. blind dissection is a lengthy process that is difficult for unskilled physicians, whereas the use of a traditional trocar is relatively likely to damage internal organs. in this study, investigators developed a new trocar and examined its usefulness.

the new trocar consists of a mold and a stylet; the mold has a hole in its side to ensure that the chest tube proceeds in only one direction. the mold also has a mark to indicate insertion depth. sixteen participants without experience with thoracostomies observed one closed thoracostomy procedure using the new trocar and then performed three thoracostomies on a cadaver. for each of these thoracostomies, investigators measured the time required for chest tube insertion, the position of the tip of the chest tube within the thoracic cavity, the difficulty associated with the procedure, and the volunteer's confidence after the procedure.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * senior medical students without prior experience with closed thoracostomies exclusion criteria: * wrist disease, pregnancy, do not want to participate
staple line inversion vs buttressing on postoperative vomits after lsg

Conditions: Vomiting, Postoperative

Summary: patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy will be randomized into 2 groups. in one group, a staple line inversion with a running suture of polypropylene will be performed. in the second group, the gastric section will be performed with a stapler with preloaded buttress material postoperative nausea and vomits during the first 24 hours will be investigated.

patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy as bariatric procedure will be randomized into 2 groups. in one group after the stapling and section of the stomach with stapling devices (endogia, covidien, usa), a staple line inversion with hemostatic and aims will be performed. staple line inversion will be performed with a running suture of polypropylene 2/0. in the second group, the gastric section will be performed with a stapler with preloaded buttress material (endogia with reinforced reload, covidien, usa). postoperative nausea and vomits during the first 24 hours after surgery will be investigated.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * bmi \>40 * bmi\>35 with obesity-related comorbidities exclusion criteria: * patients undergoing other bariatric techniques than sleeve gastrectomy * laparotomic approach
comparison of contact lens maintenance systems for silicone hydrogel lenses

Conditions: Myopia; Hyperopia

Summary: the primary purpose of this study is to investigate the performance of contact lens maintenance systems when used with silicone hydrogel contact lenses during daily wear over a period of 1 month.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * is correctable to at least 20/40 distance visual acuity in each eye with spherical contact lenses. * is an experienced soft contact lens wearer for at least 1 month. * has no clinically significant anterior eye findings. * has no other active ocular disease. exclusion criteria: * requires concurrent ocular medication. * eye surgery or injury within 12 weeks prior to enrolment. * has any systemic disease or ocular abnormality that might interfere with contact lens wear * has any pre-existing ocular irritation that would preclude contact lens fitting. * pmma lens wear previous 6 months. * ew or cw in previous 1 month. * hydrogen peroxide users * latex sensitivity
effects of tens and mindfulness meditation in persons with hiv-related neuropathy

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: this study is to explore the effects of transcutaneous nerve stimulation (tens) and mindfulness meditation in persons living with hiv (plhiv) and painful neuropathy in the feet.

the overall goal of this study is to conduct an interventional pilot trial of mindfulness meditation and transcutaneous nerve stimulation (tens) to mitigate the symptoms and improved function in persons living with hiv (plhiv) and painful neuropathy in the feet. . the investigators aim to determine the feasibility and effects of (1) mindfulness meditation or (2) transcutaneous nerve stimulation (tens) on clinical and functional outcomes in participants with hiv-associated painful distal sensory polyneuropathy in the feet. this aim will be achieved with a randomized control pilot trial with 3 groups: tens group, mindfulness mediation group, and usual treatment (control) group. the interventions will be performed at home over a period of 6 weeks.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of hiv infection currently treated with antiretroviral therapy (art) * cluster of differentiation 4 cell (cd4 cell) count of at least 200 cells/mm3 * 18-64 years of age * able to read and write in english * means to travel to a study site * presence of peripheral neuropathy symptoms in feet * average daily self-reported pain in the feet of at least 3/10 on a 0-10 numerical pain scale * pain in the feet present for at least the past 3 months * no changes in medications used to manage pain in the past 4 weeks * no use of tens or mindfulness meditation in the prior 6 months * availability of a mobile phone to receive text messages over the course of the intervention period exclusion criteria: * current opportunistic infection(s) * cluster of differentiation 4 cell (cd4 cell) count \<200 cells/mm3 * dementia * uncontrolled psychiatric disorder * wounds or sores on the feet * musculoskeletal or neurological conditions (other than distal sensory neuropathy) that may affect gait * pregnancy

Keywords: peripheral neuropathy pain tens mindfulness meditation
advancement of modified bubble cpap

Conditions: Hypoxia; Respiratory Distress

Summary: this study proposes that modifying the current form of bcpap by adjusting the nasal prongs to fit older children, will create a safe form of respiratory support that may help to decrease respiratory distress and thus mortality from pneumonia.

this study proposes that modifying the current form of bcpap by adjusting the nasal prongs to fit older children, will create a safe form of respiratory support that may help to decrease respiratory distress and thus mortality from pneumonia. children age 1 month (mo) to 5 years (y) admitted to gulu regional referral hospital in gulu, uganda with respiratory distress will be evaluated for use of the modified bcpap device as treatment for their respiratory distress (in addition to their routine care, i.e. antibiotics, nutrition support)

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 1mo-5y hypoxia and/or respiratory distress hypoxia- oxygen saturation \ 3 exclusion criteria: * pneumothorax * congenital lung disease * cyanotic heart disease * nasal trauma/facial injury/congenital anomaly (cleft) that makes bubble cpap nasal interface unusable * nasal tissue injury * active nosebleed * recent abdominal surgery or significant abdominal distension * agonal respirations * gcs \<3 * imminent death within the next 1-2hou

Keywords: hypoxia respiratory distress
"uromonitor trial" in spinal cord injury.

Conditions: Spinal Cord Injuries

Summary: this study aims to determine if a non-functioning uromonitor device can be safely inserted, monitored, and removed in patients with sci.

this prospective, observational study will be conducted with 10 patients with chronic thoracolumbar sci who are already undergoing routine uds studies as part of their care. following their routine uds, a non-functioning uromonitor device will be inserted and removed after 3 hours. participants' symptoms will be monitored after the uromonitor is inserted, following the 3 hour monitoring period, and again after uromonitor removal. a second cystoscopy will be conducted for research purposes after removal to examine the urethra and bladder for any irritation or trauma. during insertion and removal, the urologist will document the time required for insertion and any difficulties encountered

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. cervical or thoracolumbar (t2-l1 spinal level) spinal cord injury with ais a, b, c, or d severities of injury. 2. age 17-75. 3. at least 1 year post-injury. 4. at least one prior urodynamics study in the past 12 months that has objectively documented abnormalities on bladder function consistent with an upper motor neuro lesion. 5. history of neurogenic bladder symptoms requiring some form of intervention (e.g. clean intermittent catheterization, condom catheter) exclusion criteria: 1. lumbar injuries (l2-s1 spinal level) where the injury is primarily to the cauda equina and not to spinal cord. 2. history of autonomic dysreflexia (such individuals are excluded to minimize the chance of inducing autonomic dysreflexia with device insertion). 3. active urinary tract infection. 4. past urethral or bladder reconstruction surgery
atropine for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia

Conditions: Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

Summary: a double-blind, placebo controlled trial of atropine eye drops used by sublingual way for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia.

a double-blind, placebo controlled trial of atropine eye drops used by sublingual way for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia was conducted in passo fundo - rs, south brazil. 40 adult patients were included (exploratory stage 2 trial). interventions were initiated until 48 hours of patients were submitted to orotracheal intubation: 2 drops of atropine (eye drop) by sublingual way, compared to placebo on the same regimen. efficacy outcomes were pneumonia and death, but safety was also assessed. no difference was observed between the placebo and atropine groups in terms of efficacy and safety outcomes. the small sample and a significance difference in terms of initiating the interventions (medians: 48h for atropine; 24h for placebo) may be a conservative bias. this can not exclude a possible benefit of atropine that should be better evaluated in a stage 3 trial.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patient admitted in intensive care unit with endotracheal intubation and ventilator initiated until 48 hours exclusion criteria: * pneumonia, radiotherapy, chemiotherapy, conditions that interfere with saliva production or change normal oral cavity shape

Keywords: atropine pneumonia ventilator adults intensive care unit.
prostate cancer risk in firefighters

Conditions: Prostatic Cancer

Summary: firefighters have been shown to be at increased risk for various types of cancer, including prostate cancer. this study will try to explore possible reasons for this increase in risk. a study group at the cancer registry of norway is creating a cohort of norwegian firemen employed from 1960 onwards. a job exposure matrix (jem) is also being constructed, examining different types of exposure to potentially cancer-inducing agents and activities, and how these have changed historically. examples include exposure to fire-smoke, shiftwork, diesel exhaust and regular health check-ups. by linking the cohort with data from the cancer registry of norway and the jem the investigators can examine which exposure assessments, if any, are related to an increased risk of prostate cancer.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * work as firefighter as recorded by the participating fire stations exclusion criteria: * any other occupation, including chimney sweepers
bandage contact lenses for corneal abrasions

Conditions: Corneal Abrasion; Eye Trauma

Summary: two percent of all patients presenting to the emergency departments have complaints involving the eye. corneal abrasions are a common diagnosis with patients with eye pain and often cause significant discomfort. current treatment includes a thorough evaluation of the eye followed by patching, empiric antibiotics, cycloplegics and oral pain medicines. this study will be a randomized controlled trial to determine the safety and efficacy of bcls. it will involve the initial patient evaluation followed by a return visit to the emergency department within 36 hours for re-examination. at each visit, the patient will be assessed for the size and location of the abrasion along with their report of pain using a visual analog scale. data will be recorded on a standard data collection sheet. telephone contact will be made at 30 days to ensure resolution of abrasion and that no complications ensued.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects between ages 18-65 years who present to the emergency department. * traumatic corneal abrasion not associated with contact lens use or communicating or adjacent wounds to the eye. exclusion criteria: * pregnant women * breast-feeding women * corneal abrasion associated with the wearing contact lenses * evidence of corneal ulcer, glaucoma or other ocular pathology, monocular vision * wound healing deficits such as collagen vascular disease or concomitant steroid use * use of other ocular medications, dry eyes, blepharitis * systemic infections * known allergies to medicines used in the study

Keywords: corneal abrasion contact lens eye trauma
pro-2-cool pivotal trial ii

Conditions: Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Summary: this study is being conducted to quantify the clinical safety and efficacy of head and neck cooling, using the pro-2-cool device, when applied after mtbi injury sustained by adolescents aged 12-21 years, participating in sporting activities.

this is a multi-center, prospective, randomized, non-blinded, dual-arm comparator study enrolling up to a total of 72 patients (approximately 36 patients in the treatment arm and 36 patients in the control arm) following sports-related, mtbi.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. males and females ages 12 - 21 years 2. initial provider visit is within 8 days of mtbi injury 3. confirmed mtbi diagnosis from sporting activities 4. in generally good health as confirmed by medical history and as determined by site investigator 5. has a symptom score of at least 7 (analogous of the scat5 symptoms score) 6. has informed consent obtained per protocol and as required per irb exclusion criteria: 1. cleared to return to play during initial visit 2. suffers a serious tbi as evidenced by worsening symptoms, specifically: 2.1. gcs \<14 2.2. seizure 2.3. hospitalization 2.4. existing positive diagnostic testing which include radiology scans that indicate brain bleed 2.5. slurred speech, which has not resolved within 72 hours of mtbi injury 3. sustains another head or neck injury at the time of mtbi injury which requires medical treatment 4. history of a serious medical or psychiatric disorder that include: 4.1. suicide attempt in the last 6 months 4.2. unmanaged depression or anxiety 4.3. hospitalization in the last 6 months for psychiatric treatment 5. history of reynaud's disease or phenomenon, cold agglutinin disease, cryoglobulinemia, or cryofibrinogenemia 6. previously diagnosed with a cerebrovascular disorder 7. is unable to understand the study requirements or the informed consent 8. currently enrolled in another investigational research study that may confound the results of this study 9. non-english speaking subjects and parents/legal guardians

Keywords: non-invasive hypothermic therapy
late phase ii study of ts-142 in patients with insomnia

Conditions: Patients with Insomnia

Summary: this is a randomized, double-blind, multi-center, placebo-controlled, parallel-group exploratory study in patients with insomnia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * japanese male and female age 20 years or older at the time of informed consent * outpatients * patients who meet the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition (dsm-5) criteria for insomnia disorder * other protocol defined inclusion criteria could apply exclusion criteria: * patients who meet the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition (dsm-5) criteria excepting insomnia disorder preceding visit 1 * patients who meet the dsm-5 criteria for restless legs syndrome at visit 1 * patients with comorbid psychiatric disorder(s), including depression, schizophrenia, anxiety * other protocol defined exclusion criteria could apply
sodic heparin effectiveness of the treatment of burns

Conditions: Burns

Summary: burns are injuries caused by agents thermal, chemical, electrical or radioactive who act in the tissue lining of the human body and may partially or totally destroy the skin and its annexes, to the deeper layers, as subcutaneous tissue, muscles, tendons and bones . studies show that topical heparin has, in addition to the already known anticoagulant activity, anti-inflammatory properties, analgesic, and neoangiogenic, stimulating blood flow and increasing the repair of the fabric as well as the restoration of collagen and reepiteliztion. moreover, the use of heparin reduces the need for painful medical procedures, as debridations, surgeries and transplants the intention of this work is to verify the effectiveness and safety of sodium heparin in the treatment of burns of the skin.

patients with burns that come to the emergency room will be informed about the inclusion criteria * patients aged above 12 years who have suffered thermal burns of 2nd degree burns or mixed 2 and 3 degrees in up to 10% of body surface and indication of outpatient treatment. exclusion criteria * area burned more than 10% of body surface * the presence of the 3 rd degree burns * burns in the face or genitals * burns in poly-traumatized * respiratory injury * disorders of coagulation * thrombocytopenia * erosive gastro cases * clinically relevant bleeding * hypersensitivity to anticoagulants * liver disease * nephropathy * diabetes * 35 * serious allergy * descontrole emotional * pregnancy * anemia

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged above 12 years who have suffered thermal burns of 2nd degree burns or mixed 2 and 3 degrees in up to 10% of body surface and indication of outpatient treatment. exclusion criteria: * area burned more than 10% of body surface * the presence of the 3 rd degree burns * burns in the face or genitals * burns in poly-traumatized * respiratory injury * disorders of coagulation * thrombocytopenia * erosive gastro cases * clinically relevant bleeding * hypersensitivity to anticoagulants * liver disease * nephropathy * diabetes * 35 * serious allergy * descontrole emotional * pregnancy * anemia

Keywords: sodium heparin burns of the skin