Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
auditory and visual noise as possible non-pharmacological treatment of adhd in school children

Conditions: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Summary: the goal of this study is to compare the influence of visual and auditory white noise on performance in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd). the main questions it aims to answer are: * can auditory white noise stimulation affect cognitive performance? * can visual white pixel noise affect cognitive performance? participants will complete two eye tracking tasks under different sensory noise stimulation. researchers will compare the adhd group with a group of typically developing children to see if the noise influences the groups differently and if it has the potential to affect the performance of the adhd group, to reach the level of the control group.

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) is one of the most frequent childhood disorders with an estimated prevalence of about 5%. multimodal treatment is recommended in both national and international guidelines of adhd care, but most patients only receive pharmacological treatment, sometimes in combination with parent training. as such, the most common treatment approach today is stimulant medication, e.g., methylphenidate. however, there are insufficient understanding about several aspects of medical treatment. for example, it is not evident that medication improves learning processes and the best dosage for cognitive functioning and adapted school behavior differs. original findings from our research group shows that auditory noise has the possibility of enhancing cognitive performance in inattentive children without diagnosis as well as children with an adhd diagnosis. one study found that the benefit of noise was in parity with, or even larger than, the benefit of pharmacological adhd treatment on two cognitive tasks. the theory about noise benefit is thoroughly described by sikström and söderlund (2007). if auditory or visual noise, as suggested by the present project, could be a complement, or an alternative, to stimulant medication it could fundamentally change the treatment of adhd and the school situation for those children. the aims of this study are to: i) evaluate the effects of auditory white noise and visual white pixel noise on cognitive performance during two eye tracking tasks, ii) compare effects between adhd and control groups ii) link noise benefit to specific traits.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children and adolescents with a diagnosis of adhd and control children without a diagnosis exclusion criteria: * intellectual disability * psychosis * severe depression or anxiety * the need of an interpreter to participate in the study
childhood origins of asthma (coast)

Conditions: Asthma; Allergy

Summary: although asthma is likely to be a heterogeneous disease or syndrome, three factors and/or events repetitively emerge for their ability to significantly influence asthma inception in the first decade of life: immune response aberrations, which appear to be defined best by the concept of cytokine dysregulation; lower respiratory tract infections (in particular rsv); and some form of gene by environment interaction that needs to occur at a critical time period in the development of the immune system or the lung. it remains to be firmly established, however, how any one or all of these factors, either independently or interactively, influence the development of childhood asthma. thus, our efforts to determine and define the importance of these three factors to asthma pathogenesis are the focus and goal of this current grant application.

no more description necessary.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children who had one or more parent with a history of allergy or asthma exclusion criteria: * pre term infants * low birth weight infants * respiratory distress at birth
a real world study of sacituzumab govitecan

Conditions: Breast Cancer Metastatic; Treatment Outcome

Summary: clinical outcomes and safety of sacituzumab govitecan in metastatic her-2 negative breast cancer patients


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. male or female aged 18 or above; 2. the eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) physical condition score of the united states is ≤2; 3. unresectable or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer confirmed by tumor histology or cytology, and having received at least two systemic treatments previously (at least one of which was for metastatic disease); or hr+/her2- (ihc 0, 1+ or ihc 2+/ish-) unresectable or metastatic breast cancer confirmed by tumor histology or cytology, with previous endocrine therapy and ≥2 lines of systemic therapy (for metastatic disease); 4. receive gosatetuzumab treatment in the advanced stage; 5. during the study period, voluntarily abide by this trial protocol and receive regular follow-ups; 6. all women of childbearing age, fertile men or their spouses who have no plans for fertility or sperm donation throughout the trial period until 6 months after the last dose, or who voluntarily take effective contraceptive measures. exclusion criteria: 1. pregnant or lactating women; 2. those with acute or chronic infections, or those with other serious diseases at the same time, are judged by the researchers as unsuitable for this study; 3. having suffered from other malignant tumors within 5 years (excluding the following situations: cured basal cell carcinoma of the skin, carcinoma in situ of the cervix, and papillary thyroid carcinoma; a second primary cancer that has been completely cured and has no recurrence within five years; researchers have clearly identified which primary tumor source the metastatic foci belong to. 4. those with mental illness or mental disorders, poor compliance and inability to cooperate and describe treatment responses; 5. those with severe organic diseases or major organ failure, such as decompensated heart, lung, liver or kidney failure, which makes them unable to tolerate treatment; 6. patients allergic to gosatetuzumab; 7. patients who changed their treatment regimens after gosatetuzumab treatment due to non-disease progression reasons; 8. the researcher believes that the patient has other circumstances that make them unsuitable for participating in this study.
prebiotics in rectal cancer

Conditions: Rectal Cancer

Summary: a significant racial disparity in the incidence and mortality of crc exists in the u.s. with african americans having crc incidence and mortality rates that are 20% and 40% higher than the general u.s. population. it has been demonstrated that the gut microbiome impacts tumor development and progression through multiple mechanisms, including impacting the tumoral immune response. however, it is unknown if microbiome modulating treatment can have an impact on crc outcomes.

a significant racial disparity in the incidence and mortality of crc exists in the u.s. with african americans having crc incidence and mortality rates that are 20% and 40% higher than the general u.s. population. it has been demonstrated that the gut microbiome impacts tumor development and progression through multiple mechanisms, including impacting the tumoral immune response. however, it is unknown if microbiome modulating treatment can have an impact on crc outcomes. this is a pilot project to see if any changes are detected in stool and/or tissue samples in rectal cancer patients who receive a soluble corn fiber supplement during their neoadjuvant treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. aged 18 years or older 2. clinical diagnosis of stage 2 or stage 3 rectal cancer 3. subjects who are women of child-bearing potential must not be pregnant or lactating 4. have signed an approved informed consent form for the study 5. be willing to comply with the protocol exclusion criteria: 1. patients with a cancer history (excluding the rectal cancer currently being addressed) 2. allergic to corn or maltodextrin 3. has, in the investigator's opinion, any medical condition that makes the subject a poor candidate for the study

Keywords: stage ii stage iii microbiome prebiotic racial disparities
establishing mechanical thrombectomy at a limited-volume stroke center - effects on patient morbidity and mortality

Conditions: Stroke, Acute Ischemic

Summary: the regional health authorities of south-east norway has commissioned sørlandet hospital (sshf), norway to establish mechanical thrombectomy in large-vessel occlusion stroke. sshf is a limited volume stroke center, and introduction of thrombectomy may impose quality challenges. therefore the implementation will be guided by a simulation based quality assurance program. in this study, we will monitor timelines, technical and clinical outcomes, including adverse events.

in acute stroke, two million neurons are lost per minute. thrombectomy is the treatment of choice for large vessel occlusion stroke: each minute saved from stroke onset to successful thrombectomy on average extends the healthy life of young patients by a week. also, more patients may have a thrombectomy option with early treatment, as the time window for thrombectomy is limited. in 2019, sørlandet hospital kristiansand (ssk) established thrombectomy for stroke. this spared ssk patients from an over 300 km transport to the comprehensive thrombectomy center in oslo. avoiding delays due to long transports may lead to lower morbidity and mortality. however, ssk is a non-university hospital with a limited patient volume, which may contribute to inferior results. to compensate for this, the implementation of thrombectomy at ssk is guided by a national quality program, which includes systematic skill training, simulation team training and continuous local guideline updates. the primary objective of this observational study is to find out if implementation of thrombectomy at ssk, guided by the quality program, reduces patient morbidity and mortality. long transfer times from smaller hospitals to comprehensive thrombectomy centers pose a major problem for the global stroke community. thus, our results could be generalizable. main aim: • to determine potential changes in patient morbidity and mortality after introduction of thrombectomy at ssk secondary aims: * to describe associated time periods based on stroke onset, hospital arrival, thrombectomy start, end of procedure * to document technical outcomes of mechanical thrombectomies performed at ssk, i.e. degree of reperfusion after thrombectomy * to document complication rates during mechanical thrombectomies performed at ssk * to describe the implementation of the quality program at ssk * to document performance of simulator skill training over time

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients * large vessel occlusion stroke exclusion criteria: * intracranial hemorrhage, tumor, aneurism or vascular malformation i the stroke area * more than 24 hours after stroke onset

Keywords: stroke thrombectomy simulation quality program
fluoxetine for motor recovery after acute intracerebral hemorrhage

Conditions: Intracerebral Hemorrhage; Motor Impairment

Summary: this is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial that will be carried out in mexico. the purpose of this study is to test whether a 3-month treatment with fluoxetine enhances motor recovery in non-depressed patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage.

spontaneous, nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ich) is a subtype of stroke that causes a great amount of disability, economic and social burden. this is particularly true in developing countries where it accounts for between 20% and 50% of all strokes. pharmacological and surgical interventions have been attempted to diminish the mortality and disability derived from ich, with unsuccessful results. recently the use of fluoxetine in addition to physical rehabilitation has been proven useful to improve motor recovery from cerebral infarct. the purpose of this study is to test whether a 3-month treatment with fluoxetine enhances motor recovery in non-depressed patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage. this is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial. this trial will recruit 86 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage of both sexes, ages \>18 years, from four mexican hospitals. the patients will receive either 20mg of fluoxetine or a placebo once daily for 90 days. the primary outcome is the mean change in fugl-meyer motor scale score between inclusion (day 0) and day 90. the secondary outcomes will be changes in barthel index, modified rankin scale and national institutes of health (nih) stroke scale. the outcomes will be measured at day 45±7days and at day 90, for a total of four visits with each subject (at screening and at 0, 45 and 90days).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who had an acute intracerebral hemorrhage within the past 10 days causing hemiparesis or hemiplegia * fugl-meyer motor scale (fmms) scores of 55 or less * written informed consent for participation in the trial exclusion criteria: * severe post-stroke disability (national institutes of health stroke scale \[nihss\] score \>20) * premorbid disability, evidenced by residual motor deficit from a previous stroke * comprehension deficit or severe aphasia * previous diagnosis of depression or one of the following: * hospital anxiety and depression scale score ≥11 points * taking antidepressant drugs two weeks before inclusion * taking neuroleptic drugs or benzodiazepines two weeks before inclusion * other major diseases with life expectancy less than 3 months.

Keywords: cerebrovascular disorders cardiovascular diseases intracerebral hemorrhage serotonin uptake inhibitors therapeutic uses
efficacy of artemether/lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria.

Conditions: Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria

Summary: artemether-lumefantrine has been used in tanzania as first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria since 2007. nonetheless, a report of increased proportion of patients with parasitaemia on day 1 following treatment with artemisinin based combination therapies has emerged from kenya. similarly, resistance against artemisinins has been confirmed in south-east asia and it can spread to africa. therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria among children after five years of wide scale use of the drug in tanzania.

artemisinin based combination therapies (acts) are currently recommended by the world health organization (who) as first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria in all malaria endemic countries including tanzania, that adopted the policy in 2007. acts have proven to be highly efficacious in different parts of the world with different malaria endemicity. artemisinins clear asexual parasites rapidly and they are also potent against p. falciparum gametocytes, hence reducing disease transmission and spread of drug resistance. nonetheless, a report in kenya shows an increase in proportion of patients with parasitaemia on day 1. most recently, resistance against artemisinins has been confirmed in four countries of south-east asia, and it may spread to africa. in order to safeguard acts life span, who recommends all suspected malaria cases to be confirmed with parasitological diagnosis, followed by prompt treatment with effective antimalarials. it also emphasizes on the need to conduct efficacy studies for the first and second line antimalarial treatments after every two years so as to be able to detect resistance early on its course. therefore, based on this notion, this study aimed to assess the therapeutic efficacy of artemether/lumefantrine among children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria in bagamoyo district, five years after its wide scale use in tanzania.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * mono-infection with p. falciparum * parasitaemia level of 2000 - 200,000/μl * absence of danger signs or signs of severe malaria * axillary temperature ≥ 37.5°c or history of fever 24 hours prior to coming to the facility * absence of other concomitant infections like pneumonia which can cause fever * no use of antimalarial drug two weeks prior to the study * consent to comply to the protocol. exclusion criteria: * presence of general danger signs or signs of severe falciparum malaria * severe malnutrition * febrile condition due to diseases other than malaria, such as measles, acute lower respiratory infection or other known chronic diseases * regular medication which might interfere with antimalarial pharmacokinetics * history of hypersensitivity reactions or contraindications to any medicine being used in the trial.

Keywords: efficacy artemether/lumefantrine malaria children
prospective observational study comparing ga and walant in distal radius fracture plating surgery

Conditions: WALANT; Radius Fracture Distal

Summary: the wide-awake local anesthesia no tourniquet (walant) has been widely used in the field of hand surgery in recent years. this surgical method has progressed to open reduction and internal fixation of distal radial fracture and radial or ulnar shaft fractures. however, there are still many unclear points for clinicians, including the perioperative subjective feedback from the patient and changes in postoperative pain. in this study, participants having forearm fractures should undergo open reduction and internal fixation were randomized to general anesthesia or walant. the investigators will compare the differences in perioperative subjective and objective assessments of these participants during surgery, as well as the prognosis and function after surgery.

1. written informed consent must be obtained before any study-specific procedures are undertaken. 2. the process of the experiment a. include participants into this study, they will be randomized into general anesthesia or walant group b. the maximum (toxic) dose of lidocaine was 7 mg/kg. make distal radius fracture for an example, the solution used in the walant technique consisted of 20 ml of 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:50,000, which were mixed with normal saline to give a total of 40 ml. a set of baseline parameters, including pulse oximetry, respiratory rate, heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation, was obtained during the entire surgery. at the same time, preoperative intravenous antibiotics with 1 g cefazolin were given for each patient as prophylaxis. the amount of blood loss was based upon the amount in a suction container in the operation room. in addition, the investigators will measure the participant's intraoperative subjective satisfaction and pain assessment. c. after surgery, the participant needs to stay in the in-patient department for one day. the investigators will provide routine prophylactic antibiotics and oral pain pillar. postoperative pain, sensory, and motor function assessment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with a mature skeleton having a radial fracture exclusion criteria: * patients having multiple trauma and need to undergo open reduction and internal fixation surgery * patients having a concomitant intracranial injury * pathological fracture * patients refused to be randomized into general anesthesia or walant group * patients have a history of allergy to anesthetic drugs

Keywords: walant wide-awake local anesthesia no tourniquet wide-awake hand surgery distal radius fracture anesthesia
comparison of standard dose versus once a day intravenous albumin in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Conditions: Cirrhosis

Summary: the standard recommended management of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp) includes a third-generation cephalosporin (cefotaxime or ceftriaxone) and high dose albumin (1.5g/kg on day 1 and 1g/kg on day 3). the major drawback of the current recommendations is the high price of albumin. in the current randomized control trial investigators compared the effect of standard recommended dose of albumin (1.5g/kg on day 1 and 1g/kg on day 3) vs. low dose (20g/d for 5 days) on the resolution of sbp and subsequent cytokine changes in ascitic fluid and blood.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. diagnosis of sbp 2. age \> 18 years 3. consent to participate in the trial exclusion criteria: 1. secondary peritonitis 2. malignancies including hcc

Keywords: cirrhosis hepatitis b virus alcohol varices
influence of manual physical therapy on habitual activity in knee osteoarthritis

Conditions: Knee Osteoarthritis

Summary: the investigators assessed overall physical activity and sleep quality in subjects with knee osteoarthritis(oa) at baseline, and at four and 12 weeks following initiation of physical therapy. subjects received a course of manual physical therapy with interventions targeted to relevant impairments in the lower quarter. no progressive activity intervention or guidance on sleep hygiene was included. the purpose of this study was to assess a relationship between manual physical therapy and habitual physical activity and sleep behavior in individuals with knee oa.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. knee pain and crepitus with active motion and morning stiffness \ 38 years old. 2. knee pain and crepitus with active motion and morning stiffness \< 30 minutes and bony enlargement. 3. knee pain and no crepitus and bony enlargement. participants will have to meet all of the following additional inclusion criteria: 1. age \> 38 years old. 2. tricare beneficiary 3. ability to read and speak english well enough to provide informed consent and follow study instructions 4. knee oa is the participant's most physically limiting condition as determined by patient's self report. 5. able to ambulate 20 meters (65.6 feet) feet without an assistive device. 6. radiographic findings of knee oa exclusion criteria: * 1.) presence of any medical "red flags" affecting the knee: 1. tumor, neoplasm etc. affecting the knee 2. current or past history of rheumatoid arthritis or similar rheumatic condition 3. current or past history of gout or pseudogout affecting the knee 4. active infection in the knee within the past 12 months 2.) inability to participate in the therapy plan prescribed by the treating therapist 3.) any prior physical therapy for the knee in the past 12 months 4.) injection to the knee joint within the previous 30 days 5.) surgical procedure on either lower extremity within the past 6 months 6.) any prior lower extremity joint replacement surgery 7.) a physical impairment unrelated to the knee that prevents the subject from safely participating in any aspect of the study 8.) history of cardiac, respiratory, or musculoskeletal disorders (e.g. amputation) that restrict lower extremity function. 9.) any physical, psychological, or emotional condition that is more symptom producing, or activity limiting than their knee oa. 10.) any condition that disrupts sleep more than knee oa, such as a sleep disorder or obstructive sleep apnea 11.) inability to speak/read english adequately to understand and provide informed consent 12.) pregnant or intending to become pregnant in the next year 13.) military service members in a wtu (warriors in transition unit) or service equivalent or pending a medical evaluation board/discharge process. for non-military personnel, anyone that is pending or undergoing any litigation. 14.) womac score \< 30 15.) unable to provide informed consent to participate in the study