Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
phase ii study of safety and feasibility of intensive blood glucose control with insulin on acute medical wards

Conditions: COPD; Hyperglycemia

Summary: patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) are commonly admitted to hospital with exacerbations of their lung disease. a combination of the acute illness and treatment with oral steroids causes a rise in blood sugar. patients with high blood sugar do worse than those with normal blood sugar. the aim of this study is to develop a safe and effective protocol for tight control of blood glucose with insulin on acute medical wards outside the intensive care environment. this will allow us to perform a formal trial to determine whether blood glucose control with insulin reduces death and complications from copd exacerbations.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * physician diagnosis of aecopd as primary cause for admission * able to enter study within 24 hours of admission exclusion criteria: * intensive care unit admission * moribund or not for active treatment * admission expected to last \<48 hours * unable or unwilling to give informed consent * known type i diabetes mellitus * patients with reduced awareness of hypoglycaemia including reduced glasgow coma scale or those taking beta blockers * patients with renal or hepatic failure at increased risk of hypoglycaemia

Keywords: glucose insulin copd exacerbations tight glycaemic control acute hospital ward
assessment of the reliability and validity of the leg lateral reach test in adolescent tennis players

Conditions: Trunk Injury; Mobility Limitation; Spine Injury; Athletic Injuries

Summary: the aim of this study is to evaluate the reliability and validity of the leg lateral reach test to measure thoraco-lumbo-pelvic segment mobility in adolescent tennis players. the fact that the test is valid and reliable for tennis players will contribute to monitoring trunk rotation flexibility in athletes, comparing them bilaterally, and revealing the exercise training necessary to improve performance.

tennis is a sport characterized by coordinated, repetitive, and rotational movements along the kinetic chain. ineffective use of the trunk segment to generate rotational momentum is thought to increase the load on the upper extremity. limited trunk rotation flexibility can cause abnormal trunk motion patterns, resulting in lower back injuries and pain as well as upper extremity injuries in throwing athletes. therefore, assessment of trunk flexibility in athletes who perform repetitive trunk rotations, such as tennis players, is critical for effective rehabilitation and prevention of sports injuries. the leg lateral reach test was developed to measure the rotation of the thoraco-lumbo-pelvic segment and was found to be valid and reliable in physically active, healthy individuals. therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the reliability and validity of the leg lateral reach test to measure thoraco-lumbo-pelvic segment mobility in adolescent tennis players. the fact that the test is valid and reliable for tennis players will contribute to monitoring trunk rotation flexibility in athletes, comparing them bilaterally, and revealing the exercise training necessary to improve performance.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adolescent tennis players exclusion criteria: * athletes with a history of musculoskeletal injury or surgery in the last year that would prevent the tests from being performed * athletes who feel pain in the trunk and lower extremities during the tests

Keywords: spine leg lateral reach test range of motion tennis player low back pain mobility
effect of perioperative acetaminophen dosing on patients undergoing surgical treatment of basilar thumb arthritis

Conditions: Carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis

Summary: basilar thumb arthritis is a common problem that affects 7% of men and 15% of women. it is regarded as one of the more painful procedures commonly performed by hand surgeons. opioid overuse and diversion are significant problems in the country that contribute to opioid addiction as well as deaths from opioid overdose. prior studies have examined the effect of different nerve block compositions on perioperative and postoperative analgesia, but none have looked at perioperative loading analgesia. we will attempt to address this problem by exploring alternative analgesia regimens to decrease opioid prescribing after 1st carpometacarpal (cmc) joint arthroplasty.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults (18 years of age or older) * patients presenting with symptomatic 1st cmc arthritis with or without scaphotrapeziotrapezoid arthritis * eaton classification stage ii, iii, or iv oa of the first cmc joint based on xrays * patients who plan to undergo a ligament reconstruction and tendon interposition (lrti) or thumb suspensionplasty procedure within 6 months of enrolling to study * bilateral thumbs included exclusion criteria: * \<18 years age * prior surgical history of ipsilateral 1st cmc arthroplasty or procedures involving thumb cmc joints * prior ipsilateral tendon rupture or ipsilateral peripheral nerve palsy * history of opioid dependency or current chronic opioid use * contraindication to acetaminophen use * contraindication to nsaid use * contraindication or known allergy to peripheral nerve blockade, including coagulopathy * contraindication to supraclavicular block due to anatomic variability or inability to tolerate phrenic nerve blockade. * contraindication to multivitamin use * liver dysfunction
study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide versus dolutegravir + emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) infected, antiretroviral treatment-naive adults

Conditions: HIV-1 Infection

Summary: this primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a fixed dose combination (fdc) containing bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (b/f/taf) versus dolutegravir (dtg) + a fdc containing emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (f/taf) in hiv-1 infected, antiretroviral treatment-naive adults.


Eligibility criteria:
key inclusion criteria: * antiretroviral treatment naive (≤ 10 days of prior therapy with any antiretroviral agent following a diagnosis of hiv-1 infection) except the use for pre-exposure prophylaxis (prep) or post-exposure prophylaxis (pep), up to one month prior to screening * plasma hiv-1 ribonucleic acid (rna) levels ≥ 500 copies per milliliter (ml) at screening * adequate renal function: estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥ 30 ml per minute (min) (≥ 0.50 ml per second (sec)) according to the cockcroft-gault formula key exclusion criteria: * an opportunistic illness indicative of stage 3 hiv diagnosed within the 30 days prior to screening * decompensated cirrhosis (eg, ascites, encephalopathy, or variceal bleeding) * current alcohol or substance use judged by the investigator to potentially interfere with subject study compliance * females who are pregnant (as confirmed by positive serum pregnancy test) * females who are breastfeeding note: other protocol defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply.

Keywords: hiv
a study on plantar pressure distribution, gait balance and lower back pain in pregnant women

Conditions: Low Back Pain

Summary: the purpose of this study was to understand women with low arched feet, flat feet, or bmi\> 29 in the third trimester.

the purpose of this study was to understand women with low arched feet, flat feet, or bmi\> 29 in the third trimester. compare the intervention measures of different foot pads immediately, two weeks, four weeks, and six weeks after the intervention immediate and long-term benefits in relief of plantar pressure, dynamic and static balance, and lower back pain.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * able to understand and write chinese * health and third trimester women * low arched feet or flat feet or bmi\> 29 exclusion criteria: * women with a medical record of back, foot, ankle, knee, musculoskeletal, or neuromuscular trauma or disease

Keywords: pregnancy, gait balance, foot pain, lower back pain
short, animated storytelling (sas) video to reduce smartphone addiction in the us

Conditions: Smartphone Addiction

Summary: this study will test the effect of a short, animated storytelling video on participants' perceived risk of smartphone overuse immediately after exposure and two weeks later.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * english speaking * own a smartphone * live in the us exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: addictive behavior smartphone addiction screen time digital well-being mental health
cystogram before removal of foley catheter after repair of colovesical fistula

Conditions: Colovesical Fistula

Summary: colovesical fistulas are well-recognized but relatively uncommon pathology to both the general and colorectal surgeon. it is a complication arising from an underlying primary acute to chronic inflammatory process. although colovesical fistulas are uncommon, they are associated with significant morbidity, affect quality of life, and may lead to death, usually secondary to urosepsis. early diagnosis and management is essential. the purpose of the study is to determine the objective use of cystographic evaluation on postoperative day two to guide early foley catheter removal post colovesical fistula takedown. the hypothesis is that a cystogram showing no extravasation of contrast on postoperative day two will predict safe removal without increased morbidity. this is an uncontrolled, single arm trial. patients who meet criteria to undergo either minimally invasive or open colovesical fistula takedown with sigmoid colectomy, without evidence of the need for bladder repair will be eligible to participate. an indwelling foley catheter is placed intraoperative and continued postoperative. all patients who consent to participate would undergo a cystogram on postoperative day two. the cystogram will be conducted by a radiologist and technician well-trained in the techniques and interpretation of the study. the colorectal surgery enhanced recovery protocol will be followed on all patients with the exception of the cystogram being conducted on post-op day two. if there is no evidence of extravasation of dye is seen on the cystogram the foley catheter will be removed. patients will be monitored closely following catheter removal to ensure self-diuresis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients with clinical, radiographic, or endoscopic confirmation of a colovesical fistula * patients undergoing either minimally invasive or open colovesical fistula takedown with sigmoid colectomy, without evidence of the need for bladder repair exclusion criteria: * malignant disease * crohn's disease * radiation-induced colovesical fistula * current pregnancy

Keywords: cystogram foley catheter
the glaucoma and retinopathy screening study

Conditions: Glaucoma

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a new screening approach including an artificial intelligence algorithm that analyzes fundus photographs, measurement of eye pressure and visual field testing works to screen for glaucoma. participants will: have an image of their fundus (back of the eye) taken as part of their diabetic eye screening have a measurement of their eye pressure if needed, have a test of their side vision using a headset

study overview: this study is a prospective, interventional clinical trial designed to evaluate the effectiveness of an artificial intelligence (ai)-based screening program within community health settings. this study targets especially diabetic patients because they have higher risks of developing glaucoma. by integrating glaucoma screening into existing diabetic eye disease (ded) screenings, the study aims to identify cases of glaucoma earlier, thereby preventing or delaying progression to blindness. background: glaucoma is a chronic eye disease that causes progressive optic nerve damage, often leading to irreversible vision loss. early detection is critical, as glaucoma is typically asymptomatic in its early stages. individuals with diabetes are at an elevated risk for glaucoma, making it crucial to develop accessible screening methods. current ded screening programs already utilize fundus photography for diabetic retinopathy. adding glaucoma screening to these existing ded screenings may provide an efficient and cost-effective solution to reach high-risk populations without requiring additional clinic visits. study hypothesis: the hypothesis of this study is that incorporating ai-driven glaucoma screening into standard ded screenings will increase the detection rate of glaucoma in high-risk populations compared to ded screening alone. this combined approach is expected to yield better clinical outcomes by enabling early diagnosis and treatment while being cost-effective. expected outcomes and impact: this study is expected to provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of integrating ai-based glaucoma screening into existing screening programs for diabetic eye disease. if successful, this combined screening approach could be a cost-effective model for other community health settings, leading to earlier detection of glaucoma and improved patient outcomes. by making glaucoma screening more accessible the study aims to reduce health disparities and support preventive eye care.

Eligibility criteria:
* individuals with diabetes undergoing ai-based screening for diabetic retinopathy using the lumineticscore (digital diagnostics) system for clinical care at primary care centers. * individuals who are able and willing to provide informed consent for participation in the study.
amniotic membrane as an adjunct treatment for hallux rigidus

Conditions: Hallux Rigidus

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether patients undergoing a dorsal cheilectomy procedure with implementation of amniotic membrane tissue results in improved clinical and functional outcomes compared to a standard dorsal cheilectomy procedure. specific aim 1: to compare american orthopedic foot and ankle society (aofas) scores between patients undergoing dorsal cheilectomy to patients undergoing dorsal cheilectomy with implantation of amniotic membrane tissue. hypothesis 1: clinical and functional outcomes, as measured by the aofas , in the patients undergoing dorsal cheilectomy with implantation of amniotic membrane tissue will be superior to those without. specific aim 2: to compare range of motion between patients undergoing dorsal cheilectomy to patients undergoing dorsal cheilectomy with implantation of amniotic membrane tissue. hypothesis 2: patient to undergo dorsal cheilectomy and implantation of amniotic membrane tissue will demonstrate less postoperative stiffness as measured from the pre-and postoperative radiographs. specific aim 3: to compare foot function index (ffi) scores between patients undergoing dorsal cheilectomy to patients undergoing dorsal cheilectomy with implantation of amniotic membrane tissue. hypothesis 3: clinical and functional outcomes, as measured by the ffi, the patients undergoing dorsal cheilectomy with implantation of amniotic membrane tissue will be superior to those without.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients presented with an isolated diagnosis of type ii hallux rigidus who are candidates for operative management with dorsal cheilectomy. * patients over the age of 18 able to consent to participate * the subject is psychosocially, mentally, and physically able to understand and comply with the requirements of the study exclusion criteria: * \< 18 years of age * patients that use ambulatory assistive devices * patients with systemic inflammtory arthritis * patient undergoing revision surgery for hallux rigidus to the ipsilateral extremity * patients with significant arthritis requiring alternative surgery other than dorsal cheilectomy
study of reyataz in hiv-infected patients with lipodystrophy syndrome

Conditions: HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome

Summary: the purpose of this clinical research study is to learn if human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected subjects with abdominal fat accumulation on their highly active antiretroviral treatment (haart) regimen have better changes in fat distribution after switching to atazanavir-ritonavir than those remaining on their current protease inhibitor boosted haart regimen.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hiv-1 infected on haart regimen containing 2 nrti and boosted pi for at least 12 weeks prior to screening. subjects may not have experienced virological failure to more than one prior pi-containing regimen. must be able to swallow tablets * viral load \<400 c/ml at screening and stable for at least 6 months * signs of fat redistribution and lipohypertrophy (abdominal) waist to hip ratio \>0.90 and waist circumference \>88.2 cm for men and waist circumference \>75.3 for women exclusion criteria: * pregnant or breastfeeding women * new hiv-related opportunistic infections * active alcohol or substance use * grade 4 lab toxicity * history of taking atazanavir (atv) * prohibited therapies, including non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (nnrti)

Keywords: hiv infections
effect of tooth cleaning in smokers and non smokers with gum disease.

Conditions: Chronic Periodontitis

Summary: this study is intended to measure hepatocyte growth factor levels in smokers and non smokers with periodontitis before and after non surgical periodontal therapy.

the study was randomised prospective,interventional clinical trial. the sample size for the study was 40 individuals aged between 20 to 60 years,equally divided into two groups. group l - smokers with chronic periodontitis (test) group. group ll - non smokers with chronic periodontitis (controls) at baseline both the groups were analysed for clinical and biochemical parameters and underwent non surgical periodontal therapy( scaling and root planning). all parameters were reassesed after 3 months. a total of 40 patients( 20 somkers and 20 non smokers) from the outpatient wing of department of periodontics, panineeya mahavidyalaya institute of dental sciences and research centre diagnosed with chronic periodontitis and willing to participate in the study. clicical parameters included gingival index and periodontal index. biochmeical parameters included plasma hepatocyte growth factor.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * probing depth \>4mm * clinical attachment loss\>2mm exclusion criteria: * patients younger than 20 years and greater than 60 years * presence of any chronic conditions like diabetes,infections * antibiotic therapy received preceeding 3 months * former smokers who had quit the habit of smoking * patients who already underwent periodontal therapy
pyrazoloacridine in treating patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Conditions: Lung Cancer

Summary: rationale: drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. purpose: phase ii trial to study the effectiveness of chemotherapy with pyrazoloacridine in treating patients with stage iiib or stage iv non-small cell lung cancer.

objectives: i. evaluate the antitumor activity of pyrazoloacridine (pza) administered by 3-hour infusion to patients with advanced non small cell lung cancer (nsclc). ii. determine the qualitative and quantitative toxicities of pza administered on this schedule. iii. determine the response and survival durations of nsclc patients treated with pza. outline: single-agent chemotherapy. pyrazoloacridine, pza, nsc-366140. projected accrual: if 2 or 3 responses are observed in the first 18 evaluable patients, 12 additional patients will be entered. accrual is expected to take 5-12 months.

Eligibility criteria:
disease characteristics: histologically confirmed non small cell lung cancer ineligible for higher priority protocols sputum cytology acceptable stage iiib/iv must have measurable or evaluable disease lesion outside prior radiotherapy fields cytology-positive pleural effusion and ascites are neither measurable nor evaluable no brain metastases on ct patient characteristics: age: over 18 performance status: zubrod 0-2 life expectancy: at least 12 weeks hematopoietic: absolute granulocyte count greater than 2,000/mm3 platelet count greater than 100,000/mm3 hepatic: bilirubin less than 2.0 mg/dl renal: creatinine less than 1.5 mg/dl other: no pregnant or nursing women negative pregnancy test required of fertile women effective contraception required of fertile patients blood/body fluid analyses within 7 days prior to registration imaging/exams for tumor measurement within 28 days prior to registration prior concurrent therapy: biologic therapy: not specified chemotherapy: one prior adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy allowed endocrine therapy: not specified radiotherapy: at least 4 weeks since radiotherapy and recovered and progressive disease outside of radiation port surgery: recovered from any prior surgery

Keywords: recurrent non-small cell lung cancer stage iiib non-small cell lung cancer stage iv non-small cell lung cancer
fish oil supplementation to pregnant women in china

Conditions: Premature Birth

Summary: this randomized controlled trial with fish oil supplementation to pregnant women conducted in areas of china, which are generally low in fish intake and low income, aims at answering the following primary questions: * is a dose of 2.0 g/d long chain n-3 fatty acids efficient in preventing preterm birth * is a dose of 0.5 g/d long chain n-3 fatty acids efficient in preventing preterm birth * is a dose of 0.5 g/d as efficient as a dose of 2.0 g/d in affecting timing of spontaneous delivery in the preterm period

the basic design is that of a randomized controlled trial with three groups randomized in ratios of 1:1:1. two different doses of long chain n-3 fatty acids are tested against zero grams long chain n-3 fatty acids (lc-n3fa). these are provided in similarly looking gelatine capsules with either fish oil, a mixture (1:3) of fish oil and olive oil, or olive oil. eligible women are randomized at around gestation weeks 16-24 and are asked to take the capsules until they have completed the preterm period (i.e. at 37 full gestation weeks) or until they deliver. women are asked to complete questionnaires at randomization about diet and other baseline information, and again in gestation week 30 and after delivery. the trial is undertaken at hospitals in the two provinces of gan-su and shaanxi. the three randomization groups will be compared with respect to proportions of preterm delivery. cox regression will be used to compare the groups with respect to rates of spontaneous deliveries while accounting for elective delivery by regarding these as censoring events.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pregnancy without known complications exclusion criteria: * regular user of fish oil * regular user of nsaids * known twin pregnancy

Keywords: fish oil, preterm birth, pregnancy, china, prevention