Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
a pilot study to assess the effects of pre-sma lf-rtms for the treatment of essential tremor

Conditions: Essential Tremor

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the effects of low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (lf r-tms) of the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-sma) on tremor as measured by the tremor rating scale (trs) in patients with essential tremor (et). hypothesis: pre-sma lf r-tms will result in a \>30% reduction in tremor as measured by the trs. another purpose of this study is to identify the mechanism by which lf r-tms of the pre-sma effects tremor in patients with et. hypothesis: inhibition of the pre-sma by lf r-tms improves tremor in et by normalizing pre-sma output, and improving motor control, as determined shortening of the delay in the second agonist burst, seen in et patients. at conclusion of this study expect to have sufficient pilot data to justify larger pivotal trials designed to establish the efficacy of pre-sma r-tms in et.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * greater than 18 of age * meet the diagnostic criteria for essential tremor with visible upper limb tremor * must be either on stable medications to treat tremor for 30 days, or no medications to treat tremor exclusion criteria: * history of seizures * history of chronic pain conditions * any metal in their body above their shoulders * use of medications that lower seizure threshold including: * broad classes of drugs such as tricyclic antidepressants * anti-psychotics * neuroeptics * thyroid medications and stimulants * use of any medications that cause tremor, pregnancy
transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs) augmentation by d-cycloserine as a treatment for depression

Conditions: Major Depressive Disorder; Bipolar Disorder

Summary: among antidepressant treatments, electroconvulsive therapy (ect) stands as the most effective in treating acute depression. however, patient concerns with the cognitive side effects of ect have encouraged the development of new and more focal forms of brain stimulation such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs). the investigators' current study of tdcs as a treatment for depression suggests that this technique has antidepressant effects and is safe, painless and well tolerated. however, not all patients may respond to this treatment and the concern of possible relapse in some patients who respond to tdcs has raised interest in finding treatments that may enhance and prolong the antidepressant effects of tdcs. this study will investigate whether d-cycloserine, a medication shown to lengthen the effects of tdcs on brain activity, can also enhance/prolong the antidepressant effects of tdcs in people suffering from depression.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subject met inclusion criteria for study hrec 07305 (a sham controlled study of transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs) as a treatment for depression). 2. subject completed study hrec 07305. 3. subject either did not reach remission at the end of trial (defined as madrs score of ≤ 10) or suffered an early relapse (within a month of finishing the trial). exclusion criteria: 1. diagnosis (as defined by dsm-iv) of: any psychotic disorder (lifetime); bipolar disorder; eating disorder (current or within the past year); obsessive compulsive disorder (lifetime); post-traumatic stress disorder current or within the past year); mental retardation. 2. history of drug or alcohol abuse or dependence (as per dsm-iv criteria) within the last 3 months (except nicotine and caffeine). 3. inadequate response to ect in the current episode of depression. 4. subject is on regular benzodiazepine medication which it is not clinically appropriate to discontinue. 5. subject requires a rapid clinical response due to inanition, psychosis or high suicide risk. 6. neurological disorder or insult, e.g., recent stroke (cva), which places subject at risk of seizure or neuronal damage with tdcs. 7. subject has metal in the cranium, skull defects, or skin lesions on scalp (cuts, abrasions, rash) at proposed electrode sites. 8. female subject who is pregnant, or of child-bearing age, sexually active and not using reliable contraception (urine test for pregnancy will be used)

Keywords: depression treatment transcranial direct current stimulation d-cycloserine
citicoline & antioxidants in glaucoma

Conditions: Glaucoma, Open-Angle

Summary: to evaluate the long-term effects of oral citicoline, vitamins a, b, c and e, and blackcurrant therapy in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (poag) using optical coherence tomography (oct), oct angiography (octa) and microperimetry parameters.

aims: to evaluate the long-term effects of oral citicoline, vitamins a, b, c and e, and blackcurrant therapy in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (poag) using optical coherence tomography (oct), oct angiography (octa) and microperimetry parameters. methods: fifteen patients with poag (treated group) received one soluble liquid sachet daily for 20 days a month of a complementary dietary supplement containing in fixed combination citicoline, vitamins a, b, c, and e, and blackcurrant for 1 year. fifteen age-matched subjects affected by poag were given a placebo and served as a control group. the patients underwent best corrected visual acuity (bcva), goldmann applanation tonometry, microperimetry examination, oct, and octa at the beginning of the study and then at 1, 6 and 12 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of poag * aged between 18 and 75 years * patients with controlled intraocular pressure (iop) below 20 mmhg, who had been on the same topical hypotensive therapy for at least 3 months * myopia less than 5 diopters (d) were considered eligible for inclusion. exclusion criteria: * iop levels exceeding 21 mmhg, * hyper-sensitivity to citicoline, * a history of optic neuritis, * previous glaucoma or retinal surgery, * prior cataract or refractive surgery, * macular degeneration or other retinal disorders, * any systemic diseases that could potentially lead to neurodegeneration (e.g., multiple sclerosis, diabetes)
smoking cessation in substance abuse treatment patients: a feasibility study

Conditions: Nicotine Dependence

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare the effects of self-help materials for smoking cessation and self-help materials for smoking cessation plus prize-based contingency management (cm), in which prize incentives are available for breath and saliva samples that indicate smoking abstinence, in substance abuse treatment patients who want to quit smoking.

the specific aims of this study are: (1) to examine the efficacy of self-help materials compared to self-help materials plus prize contingency management (cm) for smoking abstinence in substance abuse treatment patients and (2) examine the effects of smoking abstinence on substance use and substance treatment retention. to address these specific aims, cigarette smokers entering treatment for alcohol, cocaine or heroin abuse or dependence, who report daily smoking (at least one cigarette per day) for the past year, and who meet other inclusion and exclusion criteria, are randomly assigned to receive self-help materials or self-help materials plus cm. individuals in the cm group have the opportunity to win prizes, worth on average $1, $20, or $100, when they meet smoking abstinence criteria (co \< 8ppm and salivary cotinine \< 10ng/ml). participants meet with research staff 4 times/week during weeks 1-4, 2 times/week during weeks 5-8 and 1 time/week during weeks 9-12. follow-up interviews are scheduled 1, 3 and 6 months following the smoking quit date.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * meets diagnostic criteria for alcohol, cocaine or heroin abuse or dependence * self-report daily smoking for at least the past year * co \> 8ppm * interested in quitting smoking while in treatment, * minimum age 18 years old * willing to provide names, addresses and phone numbers of individuals to assist in locating the patient for follow-up evaluations * english speaking exclusion criteria: * current use of nrt * current use of bupropion * serious, uncontrolled psychiatric illness (e.g., acute schizophrenia, suicide risk) * dementia (mini-mental status score of \<23) * currently participating in another cm study at the clinic * in recovery for pathological gambling

Keywords: nicotine dependence contingency management
stenting malignant jaundice for quality of life

Conditions: Bile Duct Neoplasms Malignant

Summary: endoscopic stent insertion is considered the method of choice for palliation of malignant bile duct obstruction (mbdo). however, it can cause complications and requires periodic stent exchanges. while endoscopic stenting is clearly indicated for relief of cholangitis or refractory pruritus, its role in patients with jaundice alone is less clear. endoscopic stenting for this relative indication might be justified, if there is a significant improvement in quality of life (qol) of such patients. the aim of the investigators study was to determine whether endoscopic stenting for mbdo results in improved qol.

most malignant tumors causing bile duct obstruction, such as pancreatic adenocarcinoma, gallbladder carcinoma or cholangiocarcinoma, have an extremely poor prognosis. at the time of diagnosis the majority of these tumors will be unresectable with a median survival of 4-6 months. palliation is the goal for those patients with unresectable tumors and limited survival and for those at high risk for attempts at curative resection. endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ercp) with endoscopic stent insertion is considered the method of choice for palliative treatment of malignant bile duct obstruction (mbdo). however, it can cause complications, such as pancreatitis, bleeding, perforation, cholangitis and stent migration in a significant proportion of treated patients. clogging of plastic stents is a predictable consequence and requires periodic stent exchanges with attendant risks and costs. while endoscopic stenting is clearly indicated for relief of cholangitis or refractory pruritus, the role of stenting in patients with jaundice alone, abdominal pain, or failure to thrive due to malignancy is less clear. given the risk for complications and costs, endoscopic therapy might be justified in these clinical scenarios if quality of life (qol) is significantly improved. a few available studies have demonstrated improved qol in stented patients. however, these studies include a small number of patients and/or are retrospective in design. therefore, more evidence to support routine palliative biliary drainage in patients with mbdo is desired.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with suspected or proven malignant biliary obstruction who were unresectable or inoperable and were undergoing ercp and biliary stenting for biliary depression. exclusion criteria: * had previously undergone biliary stenting * surgery was planned * a guidewire could not be passed through the stricture * suspected survival of \< 3 months * impending duodenal obstruction

Keywords: jaundice biliary stents palliation quality of life endoscopic retrograde cholangiography
cross education effect of balance program in patients with ankle instability

Conditions: Balance; Ankle Instability

Summary: researchers recommended that neuromuscularcontrol (nmc) training should not begin immediately after an acute lateral ankle sprain(las) because of pain and weight-bearing restrictions. so, there is a need for an alternative way by which we can begin nmc retraining sooner. by training the non-affected ankle (cross education), clinicians can begin nmc retraining before the individuals can bear weight on the affected ankle, in the acute stage of healing, or even if there is any other precautions or contraindications to exercise due to the injuries. athletes with more chronic injuries may be able to perform nmc and functional retraining at higher levels than otherwise would be possible by initiating the training on the non affected ankle. initiating these activities on the non-affected ankle will result in earlier improvements in postural control and function in the affected ankle. by this way, the rehabilitation times will be short, athletes can return earlier to sport participation or work, health care costs will decrease. up to the knowledge of the author, there is a gap in research investigating cross education effect of balance program in patients with ankle instability. so, the current study was conducted to reveal the role of this phenomena in such cases and add this phenomenon on the physical therapy field to manage patients with ankle instability (if cross education phenomena is effective, this phenomena will be used in rehabilitation).

thirty five females with chronic ankle instability will be recruited from the faculty of physical therapy, cairo university by announcements to participate in this study. they will be randomly assigned into three groups; (a) cross education (balance training for the non affected side )(n=10), (b) traditional training(balance training for the affected side) (n=10), (c) control group (no intervention) (n=15). stability indices measured by the biodex balance system , single leg stance test and scores of star excursion balance test will be assesssed before and after six weeks of single leg balance training.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * at least 1 ankle sprain, with the initial sprain occurring more than 1 year before the study * a feeling of ''giving way'' (at least 2 episodes in the 6 months before the study). * at least two ''yes'' answers on questions four to eight on the modified ankle instability instrument (maii) exclusion criteria: 1. - a history of previous surgeries or fractures in either limb of the lower extremities. 2. - acute injury to musculoskeletal structures of other joints of the lower extremity in the previous three months, which impacted joint integrity and function (ie, sprains, fractures) resulting in at least one interrupted day of desired physical activity. 3. - balance deficits due to vestibular disorders, such as vertebrabasilar insufficiency and/or visual disorders. 4. - neuropathies and diabetes
acute comfort and blur of systane ultra and systane

Conditions: Dry Eye

Summary: to evaluate drop comfort, acceptability, preference and blue profile between two marketed artificial tears in both dry eyes and non-dry eye patient population.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * documented diagnosis of dry eye exclusion criteria: * use of contact lens within 7 days preceding enrollment

Keywords: dry eye artificial tears
effect of back school-based intervention on non-specific low back pain in adults.

Conditions: Low Back Pain

Summary: the study consists of a theoretical and practical intervention based on the back school. this intervention will be carried out over 8 weeks with a frequency of two sessions per week, for a total of 16 sessions of 45 minutes duration. of all the sessions, 14 had a practical focus (strength and stretching exercises) and the other two had a theoretical focus (self-management techniques and pain neuroscience education). in addition, they had an initial session and a session at the end of the of the intervention in which measurements of the different variables were taken (the visual analogue scale; roland morris disability questionnaire scoring; short form 36 health survey; tampa scale of kinesiophobia).these variables will be measured on two occasions, at the beginning of the study and at the end of the intervention, an average of 2 months. the clinical practice guidelines highlight the importance of neck pain prevention through exercise an education. there are previous studies of the effects of theoretical and practical programmes based on back school on the lumbar region but not on the cervical region. therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a bs-based intervention on low back pain and functionality as well as kinesiophobia and quality of life in adults. the hypothesis previously hypothesised that this bs-based intervention would have positive effects on pain, functionality, kinesiophobia and quality of life.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18-65 years of age. with non-specific low back pain for at least three months, with pain intensity (30-70 on a vas). exclusion criteria: * history of cancer, spine infection, rheumatologic diseases, history of spine fracture, history of trauma, red flag signs including unwanted weight loss (exceeding 10 percent of the total body weight) in the past six months and fever, history of psychological disease and history of spine surgery, radiculopathy, anatomical and congenital disturbance. * missing more than two back school sessions. * not being able to attend the measurement sessions.
factors influencing pap and its pm among patient undergoing elective surgeries at tertiary care hospital mardan

Conditions: Surgery-Complications

Summary: postsurgical acute pain is a critical factor impacting recovery, patient satisfaction, and the risk of complications in surgical patients. effective pain management is essential for enhancing patient outcomes and reducing the likelihood of chronic pain development.

however, pain perception is influenced by various factors, including demographic characteristics, types, duration and complexity of surgery, and pharmacological approaches. this study aims to identify these contributing factors and assess the effectiveness of different analgesics in managing postsurgical pain in a tertiary care setting.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with ages of 18 years and above. * asa class i,ii are scheduled for elective surgeries under general anesthesia at tertiary care hospital mardan. exclusion criteria: * chronic opioid and nsaid user, tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. * people with bleeding disorders. * postoperative respiratory depression, patient with emergency surgeries or admitted to icu postoperative. * procedure perform under regional anesthesia, history of hypersensitivity to analgesic drugs and refusal to participate"
the russian multicenter observational study "evaluation of the hdq for the diagnosis of hemorrhoidal disease ( hdq )

Conditions: Haemorrhoids

Summary: currently in russia there is no available self-evaluating tools with appropriate diagnostic accuracy for screening of patients with haemorrhoids. therefore, the primary objective of this study is to evaluate a new patient specific questionnaire (hdq) with appropriate sensitivity and specificity to use for screening of patients with haemorrhoids in russia. once evaluated, the hdq will be used in clinical practice for wider screening of haemorrhoids in population and for increasing patients' awareness of the disease and prompting them to seek professional advice. secondary objectives of the study are to describe a prevalence of haemorrhoids among patients in the study and to describe a prevalence of the symptoms of haemorrhoids among patients in the study

main parameters (primary outcomes) to be evaluated in the study are: 1. sensitivity of the hdq for screening of patients with haemorrhoids; 2. specificity of the hdq for screening of patients with haemorrhoids; additional parameters (secondary outcomes) in the study are: 1. prevalence rate of haemorrhoids among study population established by physicians basing on the results of the objective examination; 2. prevalence of the symptoms of haemorrhoids among patients in the study

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the patient came to visit a coloproctologist * male or female aged over 18 years * signed informed consent form to participate in the study has been obtained * absence of conditions requiring emergency medical care. * the patient is not taking vad for at least 1 month before the date on inclusion to the study exclusion criteria: * confirmed or suspected malignant tumor * diagnosed coloproctological disease at the time of inclusion * severe somatic disorders (of heart and blood vessels, lungs, kidneys, pancreas, or liver), associated with decompensation of organ functions * mental disorders * presence of contraindications for examination
a study of ym178 in subjects with symptoms of overactive bladder

Conditions: Urinary Bladder, Overactive

Summary: this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of ym178 in patients with symptoms of overactive bladder.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects with symptoms of overactive bladder for at least 12 weeks before the study * subjects capable of walking to the lavatory without assistance and measuring the urine volume by him/herself * subject with an average frequency of micturition of 8 or more times per 24-hour period * subject with an average episode of urgency or urge incontinence of one or more times per 24-hours period * subject having provided written informed consent by him/herself exclusion criteria: * subject having stress urinary incontinence as a predominant symptom * subject with transient symptoms suspected for overactive bladder * subject complicated with urinary tract infection, urinary stones, and/or interstitial cystitis or with a historical condition of recurrent urinary tract infection * subject complicated with bladder tumor/prostatic tumor or with the historical condition * subject confirmed to have a post-void residual volume of \>=100ml or with a clinically significant lower urinary tract obstructive disease * subject with indwelling catheter or practicing intermittent self-catheterization * subject giving radiotherapy influencing urinary tract functions, or thermotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia * subject giving surgical therapy which may influence urinary tract functions within 24 weeks before the study * subject with uncontrolled hypertension (indicated by sitting sbp \>=180mmhg or dpb \>= 110mmhg) * subject with a pulse rate \>= 110bpm or \<50 bpm

Keywords: micturition ym178 urinary incontinence frequency overactive bladder urgency urinary urge incontinence
pediatric radio frequency coils generic

Conditions: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy; Musculoskeletal Abnormalities

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate and optimize advances in radio frequency (rf) coil magnetic resonance imaging (mri) technology at cincinnati children's hospital medical center (cchmc).

pediatric magnetic resonance (mr) imaging techniques have been limited by the unavailability of specialized radio-frequency (rf) coils for pediatric imaging. typically, mr coils are designed for general purpose adult imaging and lack the mechanical design, flexibility and high channel count needed for pediatric imaging. furthermore, pediatric patients are often positioned decubitus or prone rather than supine. this makes coil positioning even more challenging and often results in images with low snr and poor image quality. many coils used in clinical practice have fixed dimensions that do not fit within the realm of "one-size fits all," especially for the huge variation found in the pediatric patient population. mri coil development and optimization is performed by mr manufacturers and in research laboratories across the world including the imaging research center (irc) of cincinnati children's hospital and medical center (cchmc). coil development and refinement involves evaluating the new coils on inert phantoms and then imaging examinations performed on healthy participants and patients. the focus of this study protocol is to evaluate the design and performance of investigational coils on patients and healthy participants.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: healthy participants: * male or female * thermally stable * any age clinical patients: * male or female * thermally stable * any age exclusion criteria: healthy participants \& clinical patients * female participants who are pregnant or lactating * subjects iwth standard contraindications to mri

Keywords: magnetic resonance imaging