Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
preventing type 2 diabetes in black emergent adult

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Binge-Eating Disorder; Binge Eating; Obesity

Summary: black americans are disproportionately affected by diabetes, with nearly double the rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm), compared to non-hispanic white adults. though numerous factors affect these disparities, one modifiable risk factor may be that of binge eating (be), which increases risk for binge-eating disorder (bed), which is associated with severe obesity, and often precedes a t2dm diagnosis, beginning in childhood or adolescence. nearly 30% of black women with obesity report binge eating episodes. furthermore, given that binge and overeating may disparately increase the odds of obesity in black adults (15-fold increase vs. 6-fold increase in white adults), reducing this behavior will be critical to prevent continued disparities in t2dm diagnosis. given that black women have the highest rates of obesity in the nation (57%), report disparate rates of weight gain between young adulthood and mid adulthood, and report disparate rates of emotional eating in adolescence, which is a risk factor for be, one pathway to reducing disparities in t2dm risk in black women may be to reduce binge eating and prevent weight gain in emerging adulthood (ages 18-25).

aim 1. use formative research to gather recommendations to tailor aat+dpp to black emergent adult (ea) women (year 1). aim 2. utilize community-engaged and user-centered design methods to adapt a mobile intervention to prevent t2dm in black women at risk for bed (year 2). aim 3. conduct a pilot randomized trial to examine the feasibility and acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the adapted aat+ dpp intervention (years 3-4; analysis year 5).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * black women * between 18-25 years of age * bmi ≥ 25 kg/m\^2 * at least one binge eating episode weekly * prediabetic * have access to a smartphone exclusion criteria: * have no internet access * currently type 2 diabetic * currently pregnant * are in substance use treatment * have received prior or planned bariatric surgery
effects of early palliative care integration on patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Summary: multiple myeloma (mm) is a common type of cancer involving the cells in the blood (commonly affecting bones, kidneys and blood). although it remains incurable, mm has become a highly treatable form cancer thanks to new and improved treatment modalities. as patients deal with this disease, they often suffer from multiple symptoms that are caused by both the disease itself and the different drugs used to treat it. research has shown that the most common symptoms patients suffer from include pain, constipation, tiredness, tingling in hands and feet, breathlessness, sadness and difficulty remembering things. these symptoms may negatively affect the quality of life of patients. palliative care (pc) is a type of treatment aimed at relieving symptoms and promoting the most optimal quality of life (qol) for patients and their caregivers. research has shown that patients with certain types of cancers, such as colon cancer and lung cancer, do better if they are seen by a pc provider early in the course of their disease. this study seeks to determine the effects of early pc involvement on participants with newly diagnosed mm

this is a pilot study with a prospective cohort design, and based in the outpatient or ambulatory care setting. each participant will be followed for 12 months. twenty eligible patients will be enrolled, and within eight weeks of diagnosis. patients will meet with a member of the outpatient pc team, which consists of board-certified pc physicians, advance practice providers and nurse care coordinators, within three weeks of enrollment. additional visits may be scheduled at the discretion of participants, oncologists or pc providers and participants will receive routine oncologic care throughout the study period. the primary objective of this study is to obtain preliminary data on the effects of early pc involvement in a cohort of patients with newly diagnosed symptomatic mm the secondary objectives of this study are to assess self-reported qol, estimate the change in qol relative to baseline, estimate number of participants with self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety, to determine if monthly pc visits are feasible for participants, and to estimate health services utilization.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * must be within eight weeks of being diagnosed with symptomatic mm based on current diagnostic criteria * able to read and respond to questions in english * have an ecog performance status of 0, 1, 2 or 3 * receiving oncologic care at a cleveland clinic facility exclusion criteria: * have seen a pc provider in any setting (i.e., inpatient, outpatient or home-based) * need immediate referral to pc for hospice transition
oxygen desaturation during hemodialysis

Conditions: Renal Disease; Hypoxia

Summary: hemodialysis patients may experience drops in blood oxygen saturation during the hemodialysis treatment, which may lead to hypoxia in the tissues. the investigators hypothesize that: 1. the cumulative number, severity, or other characteristics of such deoxygenation episodes may be a predictor of adverse outcomes in hemodialysis patients. 2. there may be demographic, anthropometric, clinical, treatment prescription, lab analytical, and other parameters that correlate with the number and severity of deoxygenation episodes and, therefore, may be used for risk stratification. further, some of these parameters may be modifiable.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hemodialysis patient exclusion criteria: -
kahn study; investigation of the efficacy of ziprasidone versus olanzapine in the management of recent-onset psychosis; a flexible-dose, parallel group, double-blind study

Conditions: Schizophrenia; Psychotic Disorders

Summary: this study intends to compare novel antipsychotics ziprasidone and olanzapine, to confirm the findings of an open study -where stable patients receiving olanzapine switched to ziprasidone- which showed maintenance of clinical effect with improvements in all domains of cognitive function at 6 weeks (daniel, 1999). direct comparison of the two agents in a well-controlled double-blind fashion will allow an evaluation of the effect on cognitive function in the short and long-term management of patients with recent-onset schizophrenia, schizoaffective and schizophreniform disorder.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * duration of illness \ 4 (moderately ill) * maximum exposure to antipsychotic treatment of =\< 16 weeks. exclusion criteria: * concurrent treatment with antipsychotic agents =\< 12 hours prior to randomization * for depot agents a period of two weeks or one cycle, whichever is the longer, must occur between last administration and randomization * treatment with antidepressants or mood stabilizers =\< 7 days of randomization * for maois and moclobemide this period must =\< 2 weeks * for fluoxetine =\< 5 weeks
improving mental health and well-being via awe walks

Conditions: Awe; Compassion; Anxiety

Summary: awe is a powerful positive emotion that offsets negative emotion and fosters prosocial behavior. this study examined the effects of awe on health and well-being in healthy older adults. half of the participants took a weekly "awe walk" while the other half took a weekly walk with no further instructions.

awe fosters well-being and positive emotions that promote social relationships. awe shifts attention from ourselves to the outside world and is associated with diminished self-focused attention. we aimed to increase awe in healthy older adults to test whether greater awe experience would lead to gains in other types of positive emotional experience and reductions in negative emotional experience.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * stable medical condition for 3 months prior to screening * reliant informant with frequent contact with participant who is available to provide observations of participant * fluent in english or spanish * age: 40 and above * able to complete baseline assessments * education or work history sufficient to exclude mental retardation * physically acceptable for this study as confirmed by medical history, physical exam, neurological exam and clinical tests exclusion criteria: * major memory concerns/diagnosed memory condition * korsakoff encephalopathy * active substance abuse * brain tumor * active neoplastic disease (skin tumors other than melanoma are not exclusionary) * parkinson's disease * multiple sclerosis (untreated) * sleep apnea * history of clinically significant stroke * current evidence or history in the past 2 years of epilepsy, focal brain lesion, cancer, steroid use, or dsm-iv criteria for any major psychiatric disorder including psychosis, major depression, bipolar disorder, alcohol or substance abuse * blindness, deafness, language difficulties or any other disability which may prevent the participant from participating or cooperating in the protocol

Keywords: awe compassion anxiety positive emotions aging
telemedicine management of hypertension

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: explore barriers, facilitators, acceptability, feasibility, and fidelity of the telemedicine management of hypertension intervention

the purpose of the current study is to conduct pre-implementation work to understand the determinants of the telemedicine management of hypertension intervention implementation, feasibility of the intervention and its tailoring, and explore potential inequitable implementation factors in african american patients to enhance the intervention's usability to inform future hybrid trial design.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria patients: * \> 18 years of age * diagnosis of hypertension (htn) * systolic blood pressure \> 140mmhg on last two clinic visits * stable anti-htn medication in the preceding six weeks * possess smart phone * must speak and read english exclusion criteria patients: * conditions that diminish the ability to conduct home-based self-assessments of blood pressure * chronic conditions that add complexity in htn management * recent acute health changes that increases likelihood of blood pressure instability * terminal illness inclusion criteria stakeholders: * identify stakeholders using mendelow's stakeholder matrix, which helps recognize stakeholders according to their interest and power in using the intervention in their clinic - stakeholders are from clinic and community health workers

Keywords: hypertension management blood pressure monitoring
study of aprepitant (mk-0869) for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (cinv) in adolescent participants (mk-0869-097)

Conditions: Vomiting

Summary: this study is being conducted to demonstrate that aprepitant (mk-0869) prevents nausea and vomiting caused by emetogenic cancer chemotherapy in adolescent participants. participants treated with emetogenic cancer chemotherapies that include either cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, or carboplatin, or participants who experienced nausea and/or vomiting when treated with a previously administered chemotherapy regimen that is planned to be repeated will be enrolled in this study. in the double-blind part 1 of this study, enrolled participants will be randomized to receive either aprepitant or standard therapy. in part 2 of this study, enrolled participants will receive open-label aprepitant.

the duration of treatment is the first 4 days of one 28-day cycle (cycle 1). participants who successfully complete cycle 1 may be eligible to participate for 9 subsequent optional, open-label, 28-day cycles.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * cycle 1: participant is to be treated with an emetogenic chemotherapy regimen that includes either cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, or carboplatin, for a documented malignancy. or participant did not tolerate a previously administered chemotherapy regimen, for a documented malignancy, secondary to nausea and/or vomiting that is planned to be repeated. * cycle 1: participant has karnofsky score ≥60 * cycle 1: participant has a predicted life expectancy of ≥3 months exclusion criteria: * cycle 1: participant will receive stem cell rescue therapy in conjunction with course of chemotherapy.
video training to reduce insulin administration errors

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Insulin Injection Pad; Injection Site; Insulin Implementation Errors; Educational Problems

Summary: efficiency of training with video to reduce injection errors in patients using insulin

the aim of this study is to examine the effects of using insulin administration video and insulin administration brochure as teaching materials in insulin administration training given to type 2 diabetes patients on correcting insulin administration errors. this randomized controlled experimental study was carried out with 94 people who applied to the diabetes outpatient clinic of istanbul medeniyet university goztepe training and research hospital between december 2019 and january 2021. using a computer-based randomization method, 52 and 42 people were assigned to the groups that received training with video and brochures, respectively. in the first interview, patients' insulin administration characteristics were evaluated, and the training was repeated using the video or brochure, after which the training material corresponding to the group according to the randomization list was given. insulin administration characteristics of the patients were re-evaluated one week and three months later. patient information form developed by the researcher based on the literature was used to collect the data. data were analysed using descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test and mann whitney u test. the error rates in the interviews were analysed with the cochrane q test, and the relationship between independent categorical variables was examined with the chi-square test.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * mobile phone can download video * video watching skills exclusion criteria: * illiterate patient * new to insulin therapy * who can't watch video on mobile phone
gastroenteritis from rotavirus infection in brazilian children less than 5 years of age (study v260-031).

Conditions: Pediatric Gastroenteritis

Summary: this is a 1-year study evaluating hospitalizations and the medical care for the treatment of diarrhea from rotavirus infection in children \< 5 years of age, conducted in four hospitals located in four brazilian regions. a stool sample from each eligible child passing 3 or more loose stools or watery stools within a period of 24 hours and requiring hospitalization or rehydration therapy (oral or iv rehydration) will be tested for the presence of rotavirus, using standard laboratory procedures (ie, enzyme linked ligand sorbent assay, or ellsa) by all participating hospitals.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a child \< 5 years of age being treated for acute gastroenteritis within 72 hours prior to evaluation in the study hospitals. * outpatient children \< 5 years of age submitted for treatment of acute gastroenteritis within 72 hours prior to evaluation in the study clinics. exclusion criteria: * none specified

Keywords: pediatric gastroenteritis, rotavirus infection
efficacy of oral famciclovir versus aciclovir treatment in patients with herpes zoster

Conditions: Herpes Zoster

Summary: herpes zoster is an infection that affects part of the nervous system caused by varicella zoster virus. herpes zoster manifests as vesicular eruption in the dermatome, often associated with significant pain. there are effective oral prescription antiviral medicines available to reduce the discomfort of symptoms as famciclovir and aciclovir. this is a phase iii, multicenter, randomized, parallel-group study to compare the efficacy and safety of treatment with famciclovir (500 mg) comparing to aciclovir (400 mg) in patients with herpes zoster.

study design * single blind study, prospective, parallel group, intent to treat trial * experiment duration: 7 days * 2 visits (days 0, and 7) * reduction of symptoms * adverse events evaluation

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients must be able to understand the study procedures, agree to participate and give written consent. * patients with clinical diagnosis of herpes zoster; * score higher than 4 for at least for 2 symptoms of herpes zoster; * negative pregnant urine test exclusion criteria: * pregnancy or risk of pregnancy. * lactation * any pathology or past medical condition that can interfere with this protocol. * non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug , hormonal anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive drugs (in the last 30 days and during the study); * patients with immunodeficiency and/or immunosuppressive disease; * hypersensitivity to components of the formula; * other conditions deemed reasonable by the medical investigator as to the disqualification of the individual from study participation.
genetic mechanisms in human hypertension renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (raas) inhibition study

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: the purpose of this study is to develop an approach to provide personalized medicine to individuals who have hypertension (high blood pressure). the investigators plan to use people's genetic characteristics (traits) to determine what medication they should use to lower their blood pressure most effectively. the investigators will give individuals one of two medications to treat hypertension (lisinopril or atenolol). the investigators believe that depending on the individuals genetic background one medication will work better in lowering their blood pressure.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and female hypertensive participants who were previously studied in scor program. exclusion criteria: * diabetes * taking other medications beside thyroid or estrogen supplements.

Keywords: high blood pressure
comparison of radiation therapy regimens in treating patients with localized prostate cancer

Conditions: Prostate Cancer

Summary: rationale: radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to damage tumor cells. it is not yet known which regimen of radiation therapy is more effective for prostate cancer. purpose: randomized phase iii trial to compare the effectiveness of different regimens of radiation therapy in treating patients who have localized prostate cancer.

objectives: i. compare the 5-year survival rate, in terms of clinical and biological remission, in patients with localized prostate cancer treated with two different radiotherapy regimens using different doses and number of fractions. ii. compare the nadir of psa and the delay in obtaining the nadir in patients treated with these two regimens. iii. compare acute and long-term toxicity of these two regimens in these patients. iv. compare overall survival and quality of life in patients treated with these two regimens. outline: this is a randomized, multicenter study. patients are stratified according to participating center. patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms. arm i: patients receive radiotherapy to the seminal vesicles at 46 gy in 23 fractions and to the prostate at 70 gy in 35 fractions, with 5 fractions per week. arm ii: patients receive radiotherapy to the seminal vesicles as in arm i and to the prostate at 80 gy in 40 fractions, with 5 fractions per week. treatment continues in both arms in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. quality of life is assessed annually. patients are followed every 4 months for a minimum of 5 years. projected accrual: a total of 306 patients (153 per arm) will be accrued for this study within 2.5 years.

Eligibility criteria:
disease characteristics: localized prostate cancer: t2a-t3a or t1b or t1c with psa at least 10 ng/ml or t1b or t1c with gleason score 7-10 no t3b or t4; positive biopsy of nodal excision n0, or any n with bilateral removal and the estimated risk of nodal invasion is at least 10% m0 (by bone scintograph and chest x-ray) psa less than 50 ng/ml patient characteristics: age: under 75 performance status: who 0-1 life expectancy: at least 10 years hematopoietic: not specified hepatic: not specified renal: not specified other: no other prior invasive malignancy within the past 5 years except basal cell carcinoma no social, familial, or geographic obstacles that would preclude study prior concurrent therapy: biologic therapy: no prior biologic therapy no concurrent biologic therapy chemotherapy: no prior chemotherapy no concurrent chemotherapy endocrine therapy: no prior hormonal therapy including adjuvant therapy no concurrent hormonal therapy radiotherapy: no prior pelvic radiotherapy surgery: no prior radical anterior prostatectomy for cancer no prior castration

Keywords: stage iib prostate cancer stage iia prostate cancer stage iii prostate cancer
perineal self-acupressure

Conditions: Chronic Constipation; Constipation; Hemorrhoids

Summary: the primary aim of this study is to test a non-medicinal technique for chronic constipation. the core of the technique is to have subjects repeatedly press on and massage their perineum before defecation to fragment and soften the stool before it passes the lower rectum and anus. the technique will be evaluated as a complementary treatment to standard treatment of constipation (patient educational materials about treatments such as stool softeners, laxatives fiber supplements, and increased exercise). although this technique has been studied for other conditions (for example in pregnant women to prevent birthing-related injuries), and it is recommended anecdotally by some physicians, this would be the first time it will be studied for chronic constipation in a randomized, controlled clinical trial. $50 dollars in compensation is provided for about an hour of participant's time.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * must have experienced the following symptoms for at least three months: * straining during at least 25 percent of defecations * lumpy or hard stools in at least 25 percent of defecations * sensation of incomplete evacuation for at least 25 percent of defecations * sensation of anorectal obstruction/blockage for at least 25 percent of defecations * manual maneuvers to facilitate at least 25 percent of defecations (eg, digital evacuation, support of the pelvic floor) * fewer than three defecations per week * must have experienced one or more of those symptoms at least six months ago. exclusion criteria: * younger than 18 years old. * pregnant women. * significant weight loss (more than 10% of usual body weight in the preceding 6 months). * history of blood mixed in stool.

Keywords: chronic constipation hemorrhoids acupressure
measurement of maximum diameter of native abdominal aortic aneurysm by angio-ct

Conditions: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Summary: screening for an abdominal aortic aneurysm, monitoring its growth and evaluation of its risk of rupture are based on the measure of its maximum diameter. the abdominal aortic aneurysm's treatment to prevent its rupture is recommended from a threshold of 50-55 mm in men and of 45-50 mm in women. the importance of this measure for patient management justify a specific and homogeneous protocol of measure. however, the diversity of methods of measuring the maximum diameter with scanner and ultrasound was shown. the impact of various angio-ct based measures of maximum aaa diameter, and the impact of reproducibility limits on the decision to operate have never been investigated.

the aims of the study were : analyze the consequences on clinical decisions of this wide choice of methodologies for measurement of abdominal aortic aneurysm maximum diameter when using angio-ct; identify the method of measurement that yields the best agreement for patient management.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm exclusion criteria: * inflammatory aneurysm * false aneurysm * aneurysm after open repair or stent graft