Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
leveraging community health workers to combat covid-19 and mental health misinformation in haiti, malawi, and rwanda

Conditions: Mental Health; COVID-19; Misinformation

Summary: partners in health (pih), in collaboration with harvard medical school, aims to develop and evaluate an sms-based intervention for community health workers (chws) to combat covid-19 and mental health-related misinformation in haiti, rwanda, and malawi. the study involves three aims: identifying locally relevant misinformation through a card-sorting exercise with chws, developing targeted messages through cognitive interviewing, and evaluating the effectiveness of sms-based educational message dissemination via a randomized controlled trial. the evaluation will assess the impact on public health practices, knowledge and attitudes among chws, and knowledge and attitudes among community members.

the intervention will involve sending sms messages to randomized chws, addressing either covid-19 or mental health misinformation. chws will have access to a helpline for further support and can provide feedback to refine the messaging. the evaluation will use a time series analysis to measure changes in covid-19 vaccine administration, mental health service utilization, chws' knowledge and attitudes, and community members' knowledge and attitudes. the study aims to empower chws with accurate information, improve public health practices, and ultimately contribute to better health outcomes in the communities served by pih. rwanda and haiti chws will receive the messages for 12 months, but malawi chws will receive the messages for 6 months due to a chw transition in country.

Eligibility criteria:
the intervention will be assigned at the unit of the chws. these individuals will also be eligible for the chw longitudinal cohort. inclusion criteria: * chws affiliated with pih rwanda, malawi, or haiti * 18+ years of age. exclusion criteria: - less than 18 years old.

Keywords: covid-19 mental health misconception community health workers (chws)
efficacy of artesunate-amodiaquine (as-aq) in children with malaria and severe acute malnutrition, madaoua, niger 2010

Conditions: Malaria, Falciparum; Malnutrition; Child

Summary: the purpose of the study is to determine whether the artesunate-amodiaquine combination is effective in treating uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria in children with severe acute malnutrition. infection with plasmodium falciparum malaria remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in malnourished children. malnutrition is known to have a modulating effect on the incidence of malaria infections, its severity and effectiveness of treatments. however, little data exists on antimalarial drug efficacy in malnourished children. artesunate-amodiaquine combination is the first line treatment used in médecins sans frontières programmes in niger. the assumption of current efficacy of artesunate-amodiaquine is based on non malnourished children. the aim of this study is to measure the clinical and parasitological efficacy in severely malnourished children. the study is consistent with the standard who protocol for monitoring antimalarial drug efficacy (who: methods for surveillance of antimalarial drug efficacy. geneva; 2009), except for one inclusion criterion. severe acute malnutrition is an inclusion criteria, instead of being an exclusion criteria. the study will encompass a pharmacokinetic part that will provide important information on the absorption of the drug.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 6 and 59 months * weight ≥5kg * p. falciparum monoinfection confirmed on a thick blood film * parasitic density between 1,000 and 200,000 asexual forms/ul of blood * measured axillary temperature ≥37.5°c or history of fever during the previous 24 hours * severe malnutrition (defined as a weight/height ratio less than -3 z-scores) * high probability of compliance with follow-up visits (home is within two hours of walk from the outpatient department, no near-term travel plans, etc..) * consent of a parent or guardian who is at least 18 years of age. exclusion criteria: * signs of a critical illness as defined by the who (who (2000) severe falciparum malaria; clinical features of severe falciparum malaria in children. royal society of tropical medicine and hygiene, 94 (supplement 1), 5-11). * signs of severe or complicated malaria as defined by the who (who (2000) severe falciparum malaria; clinical features of severe falciparum malaria in children. royal society of tropical medicine and hygiene, 94 (supplement 1), 5-11). * severe anaemia (haemoglobin \<5 g/dl) * known history of hypersensitivity to any of the study medications, * symmetric oedema in the feet, * concomitant febrile illness not originating from malaria, which could alter the outcome of the study (measles, acute lower respiratory tract infection, otitis media, tonsillitis, abscesses, severe diarrhea with dehydration, etc.), * history of a full treatment course with the study drug in the past 28 days.

Keywords: efficacy safety artesunate-amodiaquine malaria plasmodium falciparum malnutrition
applying speed of processing training to individuals with traumatic brain injury

Conditions: Traumatic Brain Injury

Summary: this pilot study will document the efficacy of a behavioral intervention for processing speed (ps) in traumatic brain injury (tbi), speed of processing training (spt), which has been successful used in the aging population in several studies. this study will (1) apply a treatment protocol for ps impairments, well-validated in aging, to persons with tbi with impaired ps, and document its efficacy on standard neuropsychological (np) tests (2) assess the effectiveness of the intervention utilizing global measures of daily life, including an objective measure (tiadl) (3) examine the long term impact of spt. this study is unique in that it will be the first to evaluate the efficacy of a highly-manualized structured behavioral treatment for processing speed deficits in persons with tbi utilizing the optimal methodology for carrying out such studies, a randomized clinical trial. given the prevalence of ps deficits in the tbi population and the significant impact such deficits have on everyday functioning, public safety, and overall quality of life, the identification of an effective intervention for ps deficits in tbi could have a profound impact on the population and society as a whole.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * fluent in english * processing speed impairment (based on evaluation). exclusion criteria: * currently taking steroids and /or benzodiazepines * prior stroke or neurological disease * history of significant psychiatric illness (for example, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or psychosis) or a current diagnosis of major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder i or ii. * significant alcohol or drug abuse history

Keywords: processing speed intervention traumatic brain injury cognition
music therapy as a treatment for delirium in acutely hospitalized older patients

Conditions: Delirium in Old Age; Delirium of Mixed Origin; Delirium Superimposed on Dementia; Delirium Confusional State

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess feasibility and potential effectiveness of two different music interventions for managing delirium symptoms in acute geriatric patients.

delirium is a neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by an acute alteration in attention, awareness, arousal and cognition, precipitated by an acute illness, intoxication, trauma or surgery. it is highly prevalent in older, frail and acutely hospitalized patients, and associated with poor outcomes, with few effective treatment alternatives. non-pharmacological interventions and music show promising effects. this study protocol aims to determine whether music interventions (mis) delivered by a credentialed music therapist, are feasible and effective for regulating delirium symptoms in acute geriatric patients and whether the standardized delirium tools are sensitive to detect observable responses. primary, feasibility outcomes are evaluating recruitment rate, treatment fidelity and adherence, as well as feasibility and accuracy in data collection procedures. main effect-outcome is delirium severity, but delirium duration, cognitive status, length of hospital stay, and medication use will also be recorded. the randomised repeated measures controlled trial design will record the participant responses before and after exposure to mis (+/- 2 hours). participants with delirium from an acute geriatric ward will be randomized to either live or recorded mi. each intervention will be delivered to n=30 participants (n=60 in total), for 30 minutes, over three consecutive days. ethical approval has been obtained from regional ethics committee south east norway.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged ≥ 65 and with delirium or possible delirium at admission or detected within the last 72 hours, and still present. * appropriate informed consent is obtained. * participants will not be excluded if they are under long term care and have comorbidities such as dementia or mild cognitive impairment. * patients will not be excluded if they have covid-19. exclusion criteria: * patients who were previously enrolled, and were readmitted during the study period will not be re-included. * the patients with severe hearing impairments, severe psychiatric conditions, and/or severe alcohol/substance addiction where that is the main reason for admission will be excluded. * the patients whose assessed musical preferences involve orchestral or other kinds of music which cannot be performed live by voice and a guitar.

Keywords: music interventions music therapy delirium acute confusion treatment severity acute geriatrics arousal attention cognition
feasibility of a new ambulatory multi-vital signs monitor

Conditions: Perioperative/Postoperative Complications

Summary: the purpose of this research is evaluate vital signs (vs), which include non-invasive blood pressure, pulse rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation (spo2) using a portable wrist monitoring device called a caretaker. this device has been cleared by the food and drug administration (fda) for use and allows the study team to check vital signs in a participant's normal setting. participation in this study will involve wearing this portable device at 2 different time points: 1. for up to 24 hours immediately during and after the participant's preoperative visit to obtain baseline vital signs during normal activity and during sleep and 2. after surgery up to 24 hours while participant recovers prior to discharge from the hospital

anesthesiologists and surgeons examine vital signs such as heart rate (hr), respiratory rate (rr), oxygen saturation (sao2) and blood pressure (bp) in an effort to detect extremes of altered vs and remediate these alterations prior to surgery and anesthesia. in most preoperative clinics, however, these vs are measured once and no further assessments are made until they arrive for their surgery. patients with cardiac and pulmonary disease, however, can have highly variable vs. the caretaker device is a wrist device designed to measure relatively continuous vs over a period up to 24 hours. the device is accompanied by a finger cuff that measure pulse and respiratory rate, along with a non-invasive blood pressure detector and pulse oximeter. in an effort to detect vs that may not be recognized with the usual one-time measurement in the clinic, the study team plans to monitor ambulatory preoperative vs in patients who meet the study criteria, for up to 16-24 hours preoperatively. they will then return their device on the day of surgery. postoperatively, the study team will place a caretaker device once again and measure these same vs in the same patients for up to 24 hours prior to discharge.

Eligibility criteria:
* inclusion criteria * age\>18 years * scheduled for surgery from an outpatient setting and scheduled for a pre-admission pac appointment * risk stratification placing them in the top 25th percentile using our internally-validated pac risk score. * exclusion criteria * surgery on the day of admission (same-day surgery) * any upper extremity surgery

Keywords: caretaker wrist monitor vital signs
tai chi training for elderly people with chronic heart failure

Conditions: Chronic Heart Failure

Summary: physical activity is recommended in the treatment of heart failure. elderly people demand various forms of physical activity. tai chi has shown to be an appreciated form of physical activity among elderly, although there is a lack of studies focusing people aged 70 years and older. the overall goal with the project is to find a form of physical activity that is safe and free from side effects, suitable for elderly people with chronic heart failure. the hypothesis is that for patients participating in tai chi training during three months the degree of self rated fatigue will be reduced and health-related quality of life will increase, compared with a control group receiving ordinary care. the primary aim is to study the effect of tai chi training on fatigue and health-related quality of life. a second aim is to study effects on physical function and levels of brain natriuretic peptide (bnp) in blood plasma. a tertiary aim is to describe the experience of participating in tai chi training. a mixed methods study is conducted. fortyfive patients with a verified diagnosis of heart failure in the age of 70 years or older, who experience fatigue according to the multi fatigue inventory (mfi-20), was randomized to intervention or control group. three groups with 8-9 participants each completed a tai chi training programme twice-weekly for 16 weeks. data was collected at baseline, directly after the 16 weeks of training, and 6 and 12 months thereafter. the programme is worked out by an expert in chinese traditional medicine to suit elderly people with chronic heart failure, and the classes were led by experienced leaders. before the start of the study a small pilot study was conducted to test the feasibility of the programme. a group of seven patients completed the programme for eight weeks without any problems. if tai chi has a good effect on fatigue, health-related quality of life and physical function, this form of physical activity can be a valuable complement to other medical treatment. tai chi has a potential to be offered to many patients to a relatively low cost. it can be practiced in groups or in private, and also through internet connection.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * verified diagnosis of heart failure * left ventricle ejection fraction \< 50 * stable medical treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme blockers and betareceptor blockers (if no contraindications) experience of fatigue according to the multidimensional fatigue inventory * 70 years or older * swedish speaking exclusion criteria: * instable angina pectoris * myocardial infarction within the last three months * cognitive impairment * no experienced fatigue

Keywords: fatigue quality of life elderly
fosaprepitant dimeglumine in preventing nausea and vomiting in patients with gastrointestinal cancer receiving combination chemotherapy

Conditions: Gastrointestinal Cancer; Nausea Post Chemotherapy

Summary: this clinical trial studies fosaprepitant dimeglumine in preventing nausea and vomiting in patients with gastrointestinal cancer receiving combination chemotherapy. antiemetic drugs, such as fosaprepitant dimeglumine, may help lessen or prevent nausea and vomiting in patients treated with chemotherapy.

primary objectives: i. to evaluate efficacy of the addition of fosaprepitant (fosaprepitant dimeglumine) in controlling acute and delayed vomiting with the standard prophylactic anti-emetic combination of 5-ht3 receptor antagonist and dexamethasone for gastrointestinal cancer patients receiving folfirinox (5-fu \[fluorouracil\], oxaliplatin and irinotecan \[irinotecan hydrochloride\]) chemotherapy. ii. to determine the rate of complete response (no emetic episode and no rescue medication) in the combined acute and delayed phase from 0-120 hours after chemotherapy. secondary objectives: i. to determine the incidence of nausea and vomiting in both acute (\< 24 hours) and delayed (24- 120 hours) setting in patients receiving folfirinox chemotherapy. tertiary objectives: i. follow overall survival in patients receiving folfirinox chemotherapy. outline: patients receive fosaprepitant dimeglumine intravenously (iv) 30 minutes prior to folfirinox chemotherapy. after completion of study treatment, patients are followed up for 2 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient receiving folfirinox chemotherapy * southwest oncology group (swog) performance status 0 or 1 * ability of patient or guardian to understand and to provide voluntary written informed consent exclusion criteria: * patient with current illness requiring chronic systemic steroids use or requiring chronic use of anti emetics * patients with gastrointestinal (gi) obstruction or active peptic ulcer disease who cannot take oral medication * known hypersensitivity to any component of the study regimen * patients taking any of the following medications: oral contraceptives (except for the administration of stopping menses), tolbutamide, phenytoin, midazolam, ketoconazole, rifampin, paroxetine, and diltiazem * pregnant or nursing women * patients using illegal drugs
effects of patient-centered stroke educating system: a randomized controlled trial

Conditions: Health Education

Summary: the aim of this study is to establish patient-centered computerized educating system for stroke (paccess) for patients with different demands and lack of knowledge.those in the intervention group will receive the paccess and the control groups will receive traditional health education to test the effects of paccess in increasing clinical decision-making, health behavior, activities of daily living and knowledge of stroke, and health care quality.

to prevent recurrent stroke and improve the health-related quality of life (hrqol) in patients with stroke, education regarding the risk factors of recurrent stroke is a crucial part of effective care for patients with stroke. the aim of this study was to develop an application capable of providing health education for recurrent-stroke prevention. we also examined the effectiveness of this app for improving stroke-related knowledge and hrqol in patients with stroke.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * first time diagnosis of stroke (international classification of diseases, ninth revision, clinical modification \[icd-9\] codes) of cerebral hemorrhage (icd-9, 431) or cerebral infarction (icd 9, 434) * ability to follow instructions and complete the interviews * having a designated caregiver who agrees to participate in the survey * \>6 years of education * have smartphone or the other mobile device can download the app from internet. exclusion criteria: * cognitive impairment (mini-mental state examination (mmse scores\<24) * having major mental diseases (i.e., depression, dementia, delirium, etc.) * the inability to read/answer questionnaires
care for the cancer caregiver: a meaning-based workshop to help manage caregiver burden

Conditions: Caregivers

Summary: the purpose of this study is to gather information on how easy it is to implement the workshop, as well as whether individuals find this workshop helpful. in this study, participants will be assigned at random to one of the two study groups. based on the information we obtain, we hope to develop an easily accessible support service for caregivers.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * as per self report, a current caregiver to a patient with any site or stage of cancer * age 18 or over * a score of \> 4 on the distress thermometer (dt) and indication that this distress is related in some way to the caregiving role * in the judgment of the investigators and/or consenting professional, able to comprehend english to complete study assessments * able to perform informed consent * enrollment is open to caregivers with their own current/past cancer histories exclusion criteria: * significant psychiatric or cognitive disturbance sufficient, in the investigator's judgment, to preclude providing informed consent. * as per self report, unable to access a computer with internet or unable to use a computer with internet provided by the study * participated in the development and refinement of the ccc workshop (prospective exemption x14-006)

Keywords: caregivers of patients ccc = care for the cancer caregivers mcp-c = meaning-centered psychotherapy for cancer caregivers 14-208
preoperative ultrasonographic evaluation of the right common femoral vein diameter for predicting spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension in elderly patients

Conditions: Spinal Anesthesia-induced Hypotension

Summary: in this study we will determine the ability of preoperative ultrasonographic evaluation of the right common femoral vein diameter to predict spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension in elderly patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 65 years of age or more. * asa score i \& ii. * patients scheduled for surgeries under spinal anesthesia. exclusion criteria: * negative consent. * pre-existing hypertension * diabetes mellitus or autonomic neuropathy. * emergency operations. * absolute contraindications or failure to perform spinal anesthesia.
effectiveness of a novel protocol for glenohumeral internal rotation deficit in general population with shoulder pain

Conditions: Shoulder Pain; Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit

Summary: shoulder pain is one of the most common joint problems and disabling complaint in general population., but there is a lack of evidence about the relation between shoulder pain and glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (gird) in general population. this study aimed to determine if the novel proposal for treatment of gird could be effectiveness and gain further evidence in the range of motion an pain.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * shoulder pain exclusion criteria: * patient under 18 years old, * pain in both shoulders * joint prosthesis in at least one of the two shoulders.

Keywords: general population. manual therapy therapeutic exercise