Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
meropenem pharmacokinetics in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Conditions: Peritonitis Bacterial; Liver Cirrhosis

Summary: the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria has increased the use of meropenem in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp). additionally, recent studies suggested female gender as an independent risk factor for mortality in sbp. studies regarding possible sex dependent differences in meropenem pharmacokinetics in sbp are scarce. the aim of this study is to determine the pharmacokinetics of meropenem during sbp in female and male patients with liver cirrhosis to investigate whether pharmacodynamics therapy goals are met.

spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp) in liver cirrhosis is a severe and increasingly common disease, which is associated with high morbidity, mortality and high costs for the investigator's health care system. in addition to age and severity of comorbidities, female sex is associated with detrimental outcome. delayed diagnosis and therapy of sbp may lead to a higher mortality in this patient population. therefore, an early diagnosis and adequate anti-infective therapy is essential. due to the accumulation of antimicrobial-resistant (amr) pathogens, especially in nosocomial sbp, empirical application of broad-spectrum antibiotics is recommended in the therapy of sbp.during the use of antibiotic drugs in general, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (pk/pd) targets, as the achieved time period over the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic), should be evaluated to increase drug efficacy and reduce amr development. pharmacokinetic studies of meropenem concentrations at the infection site in this particular group of patients are rare in the literature. recent studies in critically ill patients showed highly variable meropenem concentrations in peritoneal fluid after iv administration. the aim of this study is to determine the pharmacokinetics of meropenem during sbp in female and male patients with liver cirrhosis to investigate whether pharmacodynamics therapy goals are met.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18 - 75 years * administration of meropenem * diagnosis of liver cirrhosis * diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis * indication for peritoneal drainage catheter exclusion criteria: * incapacity to give informed consent * participation in other studies * pregnancy
the embrace study the embrace study

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: cardiomyopathy is a condition that affects the heart muscle, whereby it becomes enlarged, thick or rigid. when the heart muscle becomes involved, it affects the pumping action of the heart. this condition can affect as many as 10% of all patients after undergoing anthracycline cancer drug therapy and unfortunately carries the worst prognosis of all cardiomyopathies. to date, there is no effective intervention that will prevent a patient from developing this condition. the research conducted will look to see if an energy imbalance in the heart predates the onset of detrimental changes to the pumping function of the heart, if this is detected then we can act earlier to prevent the pumping function deteriorating.

there is emerging cellular and experimental evidence that cardiac energetic status is reduced after anthracycline treatment, however, this has not been tested in the human heart. the researchers hypothesize that cardiac energetic status is reduced in the human heart after administration of anthracycline therapy in breast cancer patients, inline with the evidence available from all other types of cardiomyopathies. the researchers propose to use in vivo 31phosphorus cardiac spectroscopy to measure the cardiac energetic status at the beginning and at the end of the cycles of chemotherapy in the hearts of breast cancer patients who are administered epirubicin (the most modern anthracycline to date) and compare this with the cardiac energetic status of age and gender matched healthy controls. further, the researchers wish to explore if the myopathy-induced effect of anthracyclines extends to the skeletal muscle as well, by examining skeletal muscle biopsies in these patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a patient who has been diagnosed with breast cancer and has been scheduled for a first cycle of anthracycline therapy. * participant who is willing and able to give informed consent for participation in the study. * healthy (gender and age matched) volunteers willing to give informed consent for participation in the study. exclusion criteria: * contraindication to magnetic resonance scanning such as an implantable cardiac device.
safety and efficacy of pre-incisional intravenous ibuprofen to reduce postoperative pain and opioid dependence after posterior cervical or lumbar instrumented spine surgery

Conditions: Cervical Spondylosis; Lumbar Spondylosis

Summary: a prospective, randomized, placebo controlled, double-blinded study at a single institution.

pain medicine literature and the principal investigator's anecdotal experience in posterior cervical and lumbar instrumented spine surgery suggest that pre-incisional iv ibuprofen significantly reduces postoperative pain without increasing surgical complications or fusion rate, which leads to earlier ambulation, less dependence on narcotic medications, shorter hospital stays, and earlier return to work. the purpose of this study is to assess if these anecdotal findings hold true in a randomized clinical trial of patients with cervical or lumbar spondylosis, who are undergoing decompression and instrumented fusion of the spine.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients older than 18 years of age * able to give consent * diagnosed with spondylosis, stenosis, and/or instability of the cervical spine * diagnosed with spondylosis, stenosis, and/or instability of the lumbar spine * require a posterior decompression with internal fixation * likely to complete the trial exclusion criteria: * patients with previous surgery at the treated spine segment * women who are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during the study period renal/liver disease * anemia; coagulopathy * thrombocytopenia (\<30,000) * coronary artery disease * previous coronary artery bypass graft (cabg) * patients taking coumadin, plavix, lithium, or ace-inhibitors plus lasix; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (nsaid) hypersensitivity * gastric ulcers * recent stroke * traumatic brain injury, or intracranial surgery
correlation between nafld, epicardial adipose tissue and vascular inflammation measured by positron emission tomography (pet) with 18f-fluoro-deoxyglucose (fdg)

Conditions: Atherosclerosis; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Summary: * vascular inflammation is a key factor in both the pathogenesis and outcome of atherosclerosis. 18f-fluorodeoxyglucose (fdg) positron emission tomography (pet) is a promising tool for identifying and quantifying vascular inflammation within atherosclerotic plaques. * non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) is closely associated with many cardiometabolic risk factors. nafld can be detected by measuring liver fat accumulation using computed tomography (ct). * also epicardial adipose tissue (eat) volume as determined by computed tomography (ct) is an independent marker of cardiovascular events in the general population. * therefore, the purpose of this investigators study is to compare the nafld severity and eat volume with fdg uptake measured by pet/ct.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy patients for visiting routine medical check in our clinic exclusion criteria: * history of cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, unstable angina, stroke, or cardiovascular revascularization) * diabetes * stage 2 hypertension (resting blood pressure, ≥ 160/100 mmhg) * malignancy * severe renal or hepatic disease * subjects taking medications that might affect inflammation such as nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug and statin
dose response finding study of mk-0431/ono-5435 in japanese subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (mk-0431-105)

Conditions: Glucose Intolerance

Summary: this study is being done to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and dose level of sitagliptin (mk-0431/ono-5435) used once daily (qd) in japanese participants with impaired glucose tolerance who have inadequate glycemic control using diet and exercise therapy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * impaired glucose tolerance * on diet/exercise therapy * unlikely to conceive * meets all of the following glycemic parameters: hemoglobin a1c (japan diabetes society value) \<6.1%, fasting plasma glucose \<126 mg/dl, and 2-hr plasma glucose level in 75g oral glucose tolerance test ≥140 mg/dl and \<200 mg/dl exclusion criteria: * history of diabetes mellitus * disease or condition of clear or likely glucose tolerance disorder * previously treated with a drug to prevent diabetes and/or any antihyperglycemic drug
mobile outreach screening of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in women with limited access to health services in seine-saint-denis (greater paris area, france)

Conditions: Women's Health: Cervical Neoplasm

Summary: the study is a prospective cervical cancer screening intervention in the nonclinical setting of a mobile testing unit in a vehicle, using point-of-care hpv pcr tests with self-collected vaginal swabs. it is designed for women with limited access to healthcare and prevention in underprivileged municipalities in the greater paris area (seine-saint-denis department, detailed in annexe 3). hpv positive participants will receive counseiling and guidance to help them find a healthcare professional to take care of their needs


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * - women from 30 to 65 years of age presenting to the " bus santé " nonclinical testing unit, eligible to cervical cancer screening by an hpv-hr test * women affiliated to the french social security or immigrants benefiting from the state medical aid program for undocumented immigrants (aide médicale d'etat). the inclusion of people not affiliated to a social security system is an exception and depends on the decision of the personal protection committee, if it is based on an expected benefit for these people of a nature to justify the foreseeable risk incurred. * the intervention is designed for vulnerable women with limited access to healthcare, including but not limited to: * women living in shelters and hostels, women living in the streets, in squats, hot-bedding arrangements, emergency social housing; * recent immigrants, documented or undocumented; * young adults from priority neighbourhoods, * isolated or marginalized women * free, informed, written consent, signed by the person and the investigator at the latest on the day of inclusion and before any sampling carried out as part of the trial (article l1122-1-1 of the public health code) the bus will operate in underprivileged neighbourhoods in the greater paris area (eastern seine-saint-denis department. exclusion criteria: * screened for cervical cancer by a pap smear in the last 3 years or by an hpv test in the last 5 years, * women on their period (haemoglobin inhibits pcrs) * pregnancy in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters * total hysterectomy; absence of a vagina * women under guardianship/tutelage

Keywords: hpv cervical cancer outreach intervention vaginal self sampling
bardet beidle syndrome in a syrian adolescent : a rare case report

Conditions: Bardet Biedl Syndrome (BBS)

Summary: bardet-biedl syndrome (bbs) is an uncommon genetic disorder that affects multiple organs. and presents with a variety of characteristics. it is caused by a dysfunction in the cilia. we present a case of bradet-biedl syndrome presenting with intellectual disabilities, post-axial polydactyly, gingival hyperplasia, and a significant family history of scleroderma. the diagnosis was determined based on clinical physical examination findings. the patient is undergoing treatment with thyroxine. although medical staff are incapable of treatment, systems support adjust the overall well-being and quality of life for individuals with bardet-biedl syndrome and their families.

bardet-biedl syndrome (bbs) is a rare genetic disorder that affects multiple organ systems presents with a variety of characteristics . it is caused by a dysfunction in the cilia the disorder is autosomal recessive and has a prevalence rate of 1 per 160000 live births in europe. the primary manifestations include central obesity, post-axial polydactyly, retinal dystrophy, hypogonadism, learning difficulties, and renal malformations . secondary manifestations include diabetes, brachydactyly, syndactyly, strabismus, cardiac problems, speech difficulties, and ataxia .the diagnosis of bbs requires the presence of four primary features or three primary features and two secondary features , a new paper suggests that modified criteria for diagnosis can be at a moderate level of confidence if it includes at least 2 primary criteria . in this paper, we describe an adolescent male with a unique presentation of bbs. to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in syria described in the literature

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * any person exclusion criteria: * any person

Keywords: central obesity postaxial polydactyly
hypertension in breast cancer patients receiving bevacizumab

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: this research study will look at the effect of an anti-angiogenesis medication called bevacizumab on blood vessels. anti-angiogenesis medicines fight cancer by cutting off a tumor's blood supply, starving the tumor of nutrients and oxygen. previous studies have shown these types of drugs can cause hypertension. the purpose of this study is to help researchers better understand why these drugs cause hypertension. this information will assist researchers in learning how to control this side effect.

* participants will begin this research study within 14 days of starting bevacizumab, either as part of standard treatment or as part of another clinical trial. * participants will have an ultrasound test done at baseline, and after completion of their first and second cycles of therapy. * vital signs and blood tests will be performed a the start of the study, and after completion of the first and second cycles of therapy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * histologically or cytologically confirmed breast cancer * must be starting combination treatment with bevacizumab and chemotherapy. treatment may not have already started. patients may receive therapy either on or off of a clinical trial. * any number of prior chemotherapy or biological therapy regimens is acceptable. * either no history of hypertension, defined as blood pressure \<140/90mm hg on no antihypertensive therapy, or medically controlled pre-existing hypertension, defined as blood pressure \< 140/90mm hg on one non-angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ace-i) or non-angiotensin receptor blocking (arb) medication. exclusion criteria: * history of uncontrolled hypertension within the previous 6 months * inability to assess blood pressure or have prolonged blood pressure cuff inflation due to history of bilateral lymph node dissections, presence of an indwelling venous access device, or other condition * concurrent use of a statin medication * systolic blood pressure \< 100mm hg

Keywords: hypertension bevacizumab metastatic breast cancer
psychometric validation of the "antillanisée" version of the mini mental state examination (mmsea)

Conditions: Elderly Patients; Cognitive Disorder; Alzheimer Disease

Summary: the main objective of the study is to analyze the psychometric properties of the "antillanisée" version of the mini mental state examination (mmsea). the methodology used will permit to explore the feasibility, acceptability, validity and reliability of the tool. the psychometric validation of a version adapted transculturally will increase the value of the results obtained with this test and will make it possible to refine the screening of existing cognitive disorders for elderly subjects with alzheiner's disease or related disorders.

patients will be recruited at the geriatric day hospital. these patients came to a geriatric day hospital for examination without restriction on the reason for the hospitalization. they are referred by their general practitionner or referred by a specialist physician, live at home or in an institution and are representative of the geriatric population addressed by the mmsea. * the main objective of the study is to analyze the psychometric properties of the "antillanisée" version of the mini mental state examination (mmsea). * the ancillary objective of this study will be to carry out the psychometric validation of the short physical performance battery (sppb) in people aged 65 years or older. it is an instrument for measuring the physical performance of subjects whose transcultural adaptation and psychometric validation have already been performed in subjects aged 65 to 74 years. sppb is used routinely in our routine practice in a day hospital, with no psychometric validation performed on this population. this ancillary objective will not modify the course of the mmsea validation study since the sppb is part of the evaluation tools.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject of 65 years old and over * subject admitted in a geriatric day hospital * patients of creole culture * subject having french and/or creole as mother tongue * subject able to undergo neuropsychological tests * subject having given informed consent or, informed consent given by his or her primary caregiver * subject affiliated to a social security scheme exclusion criteria: * subject with a disability seriously compromising oral communication (understanding and expression) * subject with behavioral disorder that does not allow for testing * subject in general condition not allowing its participation in the tests * subject involved in another study including an exclusion period still in progress at the time of inclusion

Keywords: cognitive disorders alzheimer's disease mini mental state examination geriatry
development and pilot testing of a multimodal web-based program to address heavy drinking during smoking cessation

Conditions: Smoking Cessation; Alcohol Drinking

Summary: the overall objective of this project is to develop and pilot-test a web-based smoking cessation program that specifically addresses heavy drinking (hd). the project builds upon a well-established, free evidence-based smoking cessation website, becomeanex.org ("ex"), which is supported by truth initiative, a national non-profit public health organization, and its research arm, the schroeder institute. investigators will develop an alternative version of becomenanex that will include detailed content on alcohol's relation to smoking relapse, health effects of alcohol (including moderate drinking recommendations) along with related worksheets, feedback materials, and links to resources for drinking. once a version of becomeanex is developed that specifically addresses hd (called ex-hd), the investigators will conduct a one-arm open pilot of the site with 30 hd smokers recruited from newly registered becomeanex users. the study will gather participant feedback on the site as well as site use metrics (e.g., number of logins, number of pages viewed, use of interactive components) and will revise ex-hd in response to this feedback in preparation for stage 1b work. stage 1b will use the updated ex-hd version to run a small scale randomized clinical trial where 120 participants will be randomly assigned to the standard version of becomeanex or to ex-hd.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. current daily smoking of at least one cigarette per day 2. meeting niaaa criteria for past month heavy or at-risk drinking (for women: drinking 8+ drinks per week or consuming 4+ drinks on one occasion at least once in the past month; for men: drinking 15+ drinks per week or consuming 5+ drinks on one occasion at least once in the past month) 3. age 18 or older 4. willingness to provide contact and mailing information following consent exclusion criteria: 1. history of severe alcohol withdrawal as indicated by past alcohol-induced seizures or delirium tremens;
hypnosis to perform awake intubation

Conditions: Nasal Obstruction

Summary: awake intubation is a recommended safety procedure in specific cases where the intubation or ventilation before general anesthesia is at risk. numerous techniques to allow awake intubation have been described, such as pure awake technique, local anesthetics or intravenous sedation for example. hypnosis is used for various operating room techniques and surgeries. the investigators aim to analyze the feasibility of awake laryngoscopy and intubations on patients placed under hypnosis alone.

awake intubation is a recommended safety procedure in specific cases where the intubation or ventilation before general anesthesia is at risk. numerous techniques to allow awake intubation have been described, such as pure awake technique, local anesthetics or intravenous sedation for example. hypnosis is used for various operating room techniques and surgeries. the investigators aim to analyze the feasibility of awake laryngoscopy and intubations on patients placed under hypnosis alone. once patient will consent to be enrolled in the study, the same physician, trained in hypnosis, will accompany the patient in the operating room and place him into a hypnotic state. once this hypnotic state is achieved, an oro-tracheal laryngoscopy will be performed with an airtraq videolaryngoscope by an experienced anesthetist, specialised in the management of the difficult airway. if conditions allow it, the laryngoscopy will be followed by an oro-tracheal intubation. a questionnaire assessing objective and subjective criteria from the patient and from the airway specialist will be collected.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults * american society of anesthesiology classification 1-3 * understanding of french language exclusion criteria: * history of difficult intubation * patient refusal * deafness * uncomfortable with french language understanding

Keywords: difficult airway awake intubation