Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
familial myeloproliferative disorders

Conditions: Polycythemia Vera; Essential Thrombocythemia; Idiopathic Myelofibrosis

Summary: myeloproliferative disorders occur in families, thus giving rise to the theory that it is a genetic disease that may be caused by an abnormal gene in the dna that can be passed from one generation of family members to another. dna can be gathered from family members through blood samples and the investigators will investigate (through dna testing) to see if there are abnormal genes that may be responsible for causing the mpds. understanding which genes are responsible for causing mpds can help develop ways to identify people who may be at risk for developing an mpd, allow for the development of better treatments, possibly a cure, or even prevent the development of mpds.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * families with 2 or more members diagnosed with polycythemia vera (pv), essential thrombocythemia (et), pv and et related myelofibrosis (pv-mf and et-mf), idiopathic myelofibrosis (im) or chronic myelogenous leukemia (cml). * healthy family members of subjects diagnosed with a myeloproliferative neoplasm (mpn). * participating subjects must be 7 years of age or older * a written assent, parental permission or consent must be obtained prior to any study procedures being performed. exclusion criteria: * subjects who have a known acquired cause of polycythemia (increased hemoglobin/hematocrit), such as people living in high altitudes (in excess of 14,000 feet), subjects with heart disease, left to right heart shunt, severe hypoxia, cyanotic congenital heart disease, or severe pulmonary disease, will be excluded from this study, secondary forms of thrombocytosis and secondary forms of myelofibrosis.

Keywords: polycythemia vera essential thrombocythemia idiopathic myelofibrosis family clusters
reflex responses to intermittent hypoxia in humans: mechanisms and consequences

Conditions: Sleep Apnea; Healthy; Vasoconstriction; Vasodilation

Summary: the overall goal of this project is to better understand the effect of intermittent hypoxia (ih) on sympathetic neuronal discharge patterns in humans, as well as mechanisms that mediate persistent sympathoexcitation with ih.

sleep apnea is the most common form of sleep disordered breathing and patients with sleep apnea exhibit persistent activation of the sympathetic nervous system. sympathoexcitation is also the final common pathway for a host of complications in conditions like obesity, hypertension, sleep apnea, and heart failure and plays a significant role in predicting negative clinical outcomes and deteriorating cardiovascular health. however, the mechanisms of sympathoexcitation with sleep apnea are poorly understood and thus make effective therapeutic approaches difficult to develop. intermittent hypoxia (ih) has been implicated in animal models as the primary stimulus for evoking increases in sympathetic activity with recurrent apneas. thus, the overall goal of this application is to better understand the effect of ih on sympathetic discharge patterns in humans as well as the mechanisms mediating persistent sympathoexcitation with ih. by better understanding the effect of ih on sympathoexcitation, targeted therapeutic approaches might be devised to mitigate the effects of sympathetic over-activity on the cardiovascular system in conditions such as sleep apnea.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy adult men and women; * 18-45 years of age; * bmi \<30 kg/m2; * non-pregnant/non-breastfeeding; * non-smokers. exclusion criteria: subjects will be excluded if they are: * taking any medications known to affect the cardiovascular or autonomic nervous system (e.g. alpha-blockers, beta-blockers, etc); * apnea hypopnea index \>10 events/hr self-reported history of: * hepatic, renal, pulmonary, cardiovascular, or neurological disease; * stroke or neurovascular disease; * bleeding/clotting disorders; * sleep apnea or other sleep disorders; * diabetes; * smoking; * history of alcoholism or substance abuse; * hypertension.
plasma sodium: a predictor of perforation in acute appendicitis. (the nap-study)

Conditions: Acute Appendicitis; Children, Only

Summary: this clinical prospective diagnostic accuracy study assesses plasma sodium concentration using blood gas analysis at the emergency department in children, age 1-15 years, with suspected acute appendicitis. the overall assumption is that using plasma sodium as a biomarker, a cut-off value of \<136 mmol/l will differentiate perforated from non-perforated acute appendicitis. in addition, traditionally used clinical diagnostic variables as well as radiology used in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis will also be obtained. histopathology will be used to define if the appendix is perforated or not.

background: the historical dogma that acute appendicitis always progresses to gangrene and perforation has been rejected. in addition, there is evolving evidence that medical treatment of non-perforated acute appendicitis is safe. on the other hand, perforated acute appendicitis requires appendectomy \[andersson\]. therefore, it is important to differentiate perforation from non-perforation in order to enable proper treatment. in a pilot-study in children with acute appendicitis (n=80), plasma sodium was shown to be an independent predictor differentiating between perforated and non-perforated acute appendicitis \[lindestam\]. using plasma sodium at a cut-off value of \<136 mmol/l, the odds ratio of having a perforated acute appendicitis was 31.9 (95% ci, 6.3- 161.9) with an area under the receiver operating curve of 0.93. sensitivity and specificity were 0.87 (95 % ci 0.60-0.98) and 0.83 (95 % ci 0.72-0.91). similar results have later been shown by another research group \[pogorelic\]. possible mechanism for lower plasma sodium among patients with perforation is higher concentration of arginin-vasopressin, which has previously been shown \[lindestam\]. methods: participants (n=450 in total) whereof 150 in sweden, 150 in republic of south africa, 50 in germany, 50 in denmark and 50 in norway will be included in the study. the patients/parents will be asked for participation in the study and included after decision of surgery has been made by the attendant surgeon. at this timepoint, (i) variables from clinical examination/history (presence of right iliac fossa pain, rebound tenderness, duration of symptoms, vomiting, temperature, gender, age, weight, (ii) blood sampling: blood gas (including plasma sodium), c-reactive protein, neutrophiles, white blood cell count (obtained at the emergency department) and (iii) radiology has been obtained. no intervention is planned. these variables will also be used to calculate the appendicitis inflammatory responce (air) score \[scott\]. thereafter, plasma sodium concentration will be added and the score will be recalculated. after surgery, histopathology will be used to determine if the appendix is perforated or not.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children with suspected acute appendicitis exclusion criteria: * chronic metabolic disease * endocrinological disease

Keywords: acute appendicitis children plasma sodium
restoration of endothelial integrity in patients with covid-19 (relic)

Conditions: COVID-19

Summary: this is a pilot study designed to demonstrate the feasibility of conducting a larger study of standard plasma therapy in covid-19 patients.

this is a randomized trial in hospitalized covid-19-positive patients. this trial compares standard care to standard care plus an infusion of non-convalescent thawed plasma. blood will be collected from all participants at eight timepoints, and clinical data will be collected for 30 days or until discharge/death.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years of age or older * covid-19 positive by pcr or assay within 72 hours or less * oxygen saturation of ≤94% on room air or requiring supplemental oxygen at screening exclusion criteria: * mechanically ventilated * pregnant * prisoners * receiving resuscitation with blood products for hemorrhagic shock * receiving an investigational therapy for covid-19 * diagnosed with severe comorbidities * not expected to survive more than 24 hours

Keywords: plasma
gene-polymorphies in the p2x7 gene in patients with osteoporotic fractures

Conditions: Hip Fracture

Summary: we are looking after gene-polymorphies in the p2x7-gene in patient with osteoporotic fractures.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hip fracture, no dementia, low energy fracture exclusion criteria: * high energy fracture

Keywords: hip fracture epidemiology genetics p2x7
reducing episodes by septal pacing efficacy confirmation trial (respect)

Conditions: Atrial Fibrillation; Tachycardia, Supraventricular; Arrhythmia; Bradycardia

Summary: the purpose of this study is to find out if specialized programs in the at500 and enrhythm pacemakers will reduce the number of irregular heartbeat in the upper chamber of the heart and reduce symptoms (such as shortness of breath, dizziness, and others).

the purpose of the study was to confirm the at500 intervention pacing effectiveness data previously seen in the aspect clinical trial and to gather additional data to understand the effectiveness of the intervention pacing features. specifically, the goal of the trial is to demonstrate a reduction in frequency in symptomatic atrial tachycardia/atrial fibrillation recurrence with the intervention pacing features in patients with a pacing indication and a history of atrial tachyarrhythmias with atrial pacing leads located in the region of bachmann's bundle.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects with fast and/or slow heartbeats who are in need of dual chamber pacing (pacing in both the atria and ventricles) as determined by their doctor. * subjects who have a history of occasional fast heartbeats originating from the upper heart chambers. * subjects who have experienced at least two symptomatic episodes of fast heartbeats three months prior to enrollment. * subjects that are expected to stay on the same heart medications during the length study. exclusion criteria: * subjects who have permanent (chronic) or persistent (not self-terminating) atrial fibrillation (fast heartbeats originating from the upper heart chambers). * subjects who have atrial fibrillation due to a reversible cause, i.e. electrolyte imbalance. * subjects who are current or immediate implantable cardioverter defibrillator (icd) recipients.

Keywords: atrial fibrillation atrial tachyarrhythmia arrhythmia bradycardia cardiac pacemaker ipg indication pacing
safety of extending the routine flushing of implanted port devices from 4 weeks to 12

Conditions: Maintenance of Implanted Port Devices

Summary: implanted port devices (ipd) play an essential role in the safe administration of cancer treatments by providing a device to safely administer caustic chemotherapy agents. the current recommended frequency of flushing the ipd per manufacturers guidelines is every 4-6 weeks. the purpose of this study is to find out if extending ipd flushes to every 12 weeks is safe and if it is just as effective as every 4 week flushing.

after being informed about the study and potential risks, all participants giving written informed consent will complete port specific histories, assessments and questionnaires within 14 days prior to registration. eligible, consented participants will be registered to the study and randomized to receive either ipd standard maintenance flushes and port assessments every 4 weeks or every 12 weeks for an initial 12 week interval. if study participants agree to the continuation portion of the study, they will continue to receive either ipd standard maintenance flushes and port assessments every 4 weeks or every 12 weeks for up to an additional three 12 week cycles.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hematology/oncology patients ≥ 18 years old with an implanted port device. * no planned clinical visits for at least 12 weeks. * no planned need to access implanted port device within next 12 weeks outside of routine flushing. potential reasons to access can include but are not limited to lab draw, infusion, iv contrast. * no planned removal of ipd within 12 weeks of registration. * no deep vein thrombosis or significant implanted port device complication within ≤ 4 weeks of registration. * patient implanted port device with documented blood return ≤ 14 days of registration. * ability to read and speak english. * able to give informed consent. exclusion criteria: * allergy to heparin * vulnerable populations: pregnant women, prisoners, mentally handicapped.
epidemiological characteristics of gastric and pancreatic cancers in latin america

Conditions: Gastric Cancer; GastroEsophageal Cancer; Pancreatic Cancer

Summary: currently, there is no brazilian or latin american epidemiological data, such as clinical-pathological characteristics, standard treatments and outcomes of gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer in the region. the study aims to create a latin american multicenter database to analyze epidemiological, clinical, and pathological data, treatments, outcomes, and biological information from patients with gastric and pancreatic cancer.

patients diagnosed with gastric and gastroesophageal junction or pancreatic cancer after january 2019 at participating sites will be included. data will be collected from medical records in selected centers that comprise different countries from latin america. data collection will begin on the time of site activation. patients recruited for this study will be identified in the participating sites. data from clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic variables will be collected. also, data on treatments performed and outcomes will be abstracted. the patient data sources will be the medical records of the patients. patients will continue to receive treatment and clinical evaluations for gastric and gastroesophageal junction or pancreatic cancer according to what is determined by their medical team, according to the usual standards of treatment and clinical practice of each center.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ≥18 years * histological diagnosis of gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer (cohort a) or histological diagnosis of pancreatic cancer (cohort b); * advanced disease diagnosis from january 2019: patients can be included prospectively. advanced disease is defined as metastatic disease or locally advanced disease not amenable to curative therapy; * availability of adequate medical data for data collection. exclusion criteria: * synchronous invasive tumor or second primary tumor in the last three years (except thyroid tumors or non-melanoma skin); * nonepithelial histology in cohort a: sarcoma, gist, lymphoma, and tumors of neuroendocrine origin; * nonepithelial histology in cohort b: sarcoma, gist, lymphoma, pancreatoblastoma, and tumors of neuroendocrine origin.
manual versus automated choroidal thickness measurements using swept-source anterior segment oct

Conditions: Eye Diseases

Summary: the choroid, which is located between the retina and the sclera, is a connective tissue layer that is densely packed with blood vessels and is responsible for supplying oxygen and nutrients to the retina's periphery. one of the primary functions of the choroid is to support the metabolism of the retinal pigment epithelium (rpe). it is implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of retinal disorders, including age-related macular degeneration, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, central serous chorioretinopathy, and high myopia-associated chorio retinal atrophies. because choroidal alteration has a fundamental role in the development and progression of these diseases, choroidal thickness provides comprehensive information to physicians. for the study of the choroid, researchers have used ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging mri, and doppler laser, but these methods have limited utility due to a lack of resolution. contrary to this, indocyanine green (icg) angiography provides valuable clinical information but does not provide cross-sectional images of the choroid for in vivo research studies. optical coherence tomography (oct) has gained in popularity in clinical and experimental ophthalmology over the last decade as a way to acquire detailed, three-dimensional images of the retina . imaging the entire choroid, on the other hand, has proven to be more difficult due to the significant decline in signal strength beyond the rpe prompted by the pigment in the rpe and choroid and light scattering in the vasculature. the development of improved depth imaging (edi) by spaide et al. opened the door to quantitative choroid assessment. choroid imaging is currently possible using one of two optical coherence tomography (oct) techniques: (1) spectral-domain (sd) oct utilizing standard light sources using edi, and (2) swept-source (ss) oct using a long wavelength light .a 1 m-band light source is used in ss-oct, which penetrates deeper into the retino choroidal tissues and so optimizes the resolution. to better visualize retinal and choroidal changes, ss-oct can concurrently display a focused image of both the retina and the choroid. this renders it an accurate technology for assessing choroidal thickness. such findings of choroidal thickness changes revealed that the choroid and choroidal thickness may be important attributes in the evaluation of ocular pathology. to properly understand the scientific value of these potential choroidal thickness variations, it would appear that comprehensive and systematic normative values for choroidal thickness are fundamental.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * normal adult volunteers exclusion criteria: * eyes with chorioretinal or vitreoretinal diseases * history of intraocular surgery * glaucoma. * systemic diseases or conditions that could affect retinal or choroidal thickness, * pregnant women

Keywords: choroidal thickness swept source oct
randomized clinical trial of intensive computer-based cognitive remediation in recent-onset schizophrenia

Conditions: Schizophrenia

Summary: the aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of neuroscience-guided computerized cognitive training exercises on the remediation of cognitive deficits and symptoms associated with recent-onset schizophrenia and to examine the influence of subject characteristics, brain structure and function, and pharmacotherapy on the response to remediation.

participation in this study will last approximately 12 months and will involve individuals with recent-onset schizophrenia. all participants will undergo baseline assessments that will include an interview, written tests, blood draws, and electroencephalogram (eeg) and magnetic resonance imaging (mri) scans. participants will then be assigned randomly to receive treatment with either computerized neuroadaptive cognitive training or commercially available computer games. participants will be asked to complete 60-minute sessions of their assigned treatments 5 days per week for 8 weeks. for participants receiving cognitive training, exercises will focus on improving speed and accuracy in the perception of and response to verbal and visuospatial targets. the 8 weeks of treatment will focus on targeted cognitive training (tct). participants assigned to practice computer games will play standard commercially available games, with no targeted response. participants will repeat baseline assessments after the computer training and month 6 of follow-up. the eeg and mri will be repeated only at post training assessment visit. there will be a blood draw at week 2 of treatment as well. after the month 6 assessment, participants in the control condition will be offered an opportunity to complete an additional 8 weeks of computer training with different modules.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizophreniform, or schizoaffective disorder * first psychotic episode within the last 3 years * good general physical health * age between 12-35 * is fluent and proficient in the english language * achieved clinical stability (e.g., outpatient status for at least 3 months before study entry; on stable doses of medication for at least 1 month before study entry * minors must have parental/legal guardian consent to participate exclusion criteria: * any neurological disorder * history of psychoactive substance abuse in the past 6 months

Keywords: psychosis first episode schizophrenia cognitive remediation
comparison between fetal thigh soft tissue versus hadlock's formula in estimation of fetal weight by ultrasound

Conditions: Estimation of Fetal Weight

Summary: we are going to do 2d ultrasound to compare between hadlock's formula and thigh soft tissue formula in expecting the after birth fetal weight and to find which of these formulas to be more accurate

we are going to do 2d ultrasound to 200 pregnant women between 38 weeks to 40 weeks singleton pregnancy in ain shams university maternity hospital to measure the expected fetal weight by hadlock's formula and thigh soft tissue formula and then we are going to measure the actual fetal weight after birth of these 200 fetuses and to find out which formula to be more accurate in estimation of fetal weight

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. gestational age 38 - 40 wks 2. singleton uncomplicated pregnancies 3. normal amniotic fluid volume exclusion criteria: women with one of the following conditions: 1. fetuses with congenital anomalies, 2. the biometric measurements of those, which were unable to ascertain due to reasons like deeply engaged head, very thick abdominal wall etc.

Keywords: hadlock thigh soft tissue
randomized trial of enteral vitamin d supplementation in infants < 28 weeks gestational age or <1000 grams birth weight

Conditions: Vitamin D Deficiency

Summary: the objective of the study is to compare supplementation with vitamin d at 800 iu/day to usual care for the first 28 days after birth with respect to 25 (oh) vitamin d levels and indicators of likely or plausible effects of vitamin d supplementation on the function or structure of the lung, bones, immune system, and brain in extremely premature (ep) infants who are \<28 weeks gestational age (ga) or \<1000 grams of birth weight (bw). the study results will be analyzed as intention to treat bayesian analyses (frequentist analyses will also be performed).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * infants born at \< 28 weeks gestational age (ga) or \<1000 grams birth weight (bw) * inborn * informed written consent in an institutional review board (irb)-approved manner exclusion criteria: * ga \>32 weeks regardless of birth weight (bw) * any major congenital anomaly * an known congenital nonbacterial infection * prenatal diagnosis of disorders that affect vitamin d absorption (e.g, cystic fibrosis) * such severe illness or immaturity that the attending neonatologist judges intensive care to be unjustified.

Keywords: premature infant vitamin d