Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
cleaner air for lower cardiometabolic risk

Conditions: PreDiabetes

Summary: the purpose of this interventional sham-controlled pilot study is to study the effects of using portable air cleaners (pacs) in outpatient adults with prediabetes. the primary aims are to determine the effect pac's have on glycemic variability and the concentrations of circulating biomarkers of inflammation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participant is ≥18 years old * participant and members of household are reported to be non-smokers (defined as no household members are currently known to smoke cigarettes or use other tobacco products including e-cigarettes) * participant is to understand/speak english or spanish * participant can understand study procedures and give informed consent * participant has prediabetes, defined as the absence of diabetes and any of the following: fasting plasma glucose 100-125 mg/dl, 2 hour plasma glucose of 140-199 mg/dl after 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, or a1c 5.7- 6.4%. * able to wear cgm for 2 two-week periods * able to participate in telephone or video conference for home equipment setup if needed * able to visit clinic for blood draws before and after the study period * do not intend to sleep anywhere outside of primary bedroom for more than 48 consecutive hours or a total of 7 days during the study period. * ability to lift, or access to assistance with lifting, 20 lb to set up air filter appliance in bedroom. * have not undergone major dietary change (such as change from usual diet to intermittent fasting or caloric restriction) in the past 2 weeks, and do not intend to during the study period exclusion criteria: * participants who have diagnosed diabetes, or take antihyperglycemic medications * participants with known atherosclerotic disease: coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease or history of cerebrovascular disease (stroke or transient ischemic attack (tia), carotid stenosis) * participants with known systemic inflammatory conditions (including but not limited to: inflammatory arthritis, vasculitides, inflammatory bowel diseases, cancer within past 5 years, hashimoto's thyroiditis) * participants currently taking any anti-inflammatory medications or medications that target inflammatory cytokines * pregnancy: because blood glucose problems during pregnancy require intensive monitoring and lifestyle changes to protect the mother and fetus * participants with known or suspected covid-19 in the prior 30 days * participants with post-covid sequelae (a.k.a "long covid") * participants who are already utilizing hepa filtration (pac or within hvac) in bedrooms

Keywords: air pollution prediabetes inflammation cardiovascular disease prevention blood sugar
effect of inadequate bowel preparation on urgent colonoscopy in patients with ppb.

Conditions: Post-polypectomy Bleeding; Bowel Preparation; Urgent Colonoscopy

Summary: the purpose of this study was to explore the effect of abbreviated bowel preparation on repeated colonoscopy in patients with ppb.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients with bleeding after polypectomy patients treated with colonoscopy within 24 hours after bleeding patients who did not receive adequate bowel preparation (oral laxatives). exclusion criteria: patients whose main outcome indicators were not clearly described patients whose baseline characteristics were missing.
evaluation of a neck strengthening program to reduce the risk of sport-related concussion

Conditions: Sport-related Concussion; Brain Concussion; Healthy

Summary: evaluation of a neck strengthening program as a potential intervention to reduce the risk of sport-related concussion in youth contact and collision sport athletes.

this is a pilot study to investigate the effect of a supervised 8 week strengthening intervention in male and female youth contact and collision sport athletes. participants will complete a supervised strengthening exercise intervention involving manual resistance exercises administered by a strength coach with pre- and post-intervention assessments of neck size and strength.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * contact/collision sport athletes (for example, american football, soccer, rugby, lacrosse, ice hockey, field hockey, basketball, wrestling, boxing, martial arts, water polo) exclusion criteria: * history of concussion (suspected or diagnosed) in the previous 6 months * history of neck pain or injury in the previous 6 months * history of migraine headaches * history of personal or parental history of a diagnosed anxiety disorder

Keywords: concussion contact sport collision sport neck strengthening
treatment of type i supracondylar fractures of the humerus

Conditions: Type I Supracondylar Fracture of the Humerus

Summary: type i supracondylar fractures are elbow fractures that occur in children aged 3-10 years. many different treatment options exist to treat this type of fracture. the purpose of this study is to compare three different treatment modalities with regards to pain experienced during treatment, the amount of pain medication needed during treatment, and any short-term complications. we hypothesize that above elbow casting and long-arm splinting will result in less pain and have fewer complications than taping the elbow in flexion.

patients who meet the inclusion criteria will be enrolled into the study either by the attending physician in the emergency department at bc children's hospital or by one of the study investigators. they will be randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: above elbow cast, long arm splint, or tape. after being treated, patients will be required to fill in a daily pain diary describing their level of pain and how much analgesia they are requiring. they will also be followed by regular phone calls to track any complications of treatment (e.g. loosening or shifting of cast/ splint/ tape, any skin breakdown, etc.). patients will be seen for follow-up at three weeks post-injury in the orthopedics clinic at bcch to have radiographs repeated, finish their treatment, and hand in their pain diaries.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged 4-12 years who present to the emergency department at bc children's hospital with a history of elbow trauma, and are diagnosed by the staff emergency physician to have a type i supracondylar fracture of the humerus (as seen on ap and lateral radiographs of the elbow) exclusion criteria: * patients with neurovascular compromise associated with the fracture * a pre-existing diagnosis of metabolic or structural bone disease that predisposes them to fractures * presence of other fractures of the ipsilateral upper extremity

Keywords: supracondylar fracture humerus elbow
physiological response to prone position in covid-19 associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards)

Conditions: ARDS; Sars-CoV-2 Infection

Summary: retrospective study in covid-19 ards patients hospitalised in the icu. investigators aim to explore the effects of prone positioning on oxygenation, dead space ventilation and mortality.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * covid-19 associated moderate to severe ards * invasive mechanical ventilation * prone positioning * admitted to icu exclusion criteria: * already sustained prone positioning in referring hospital * pronation during ecmo only * denied consent for data analysis
respiration gated laser guided ct lung nodule biopsy

Conditions: Lung Cancer

Summary: the primary outcome of this study is to investigate the accuracy of respiration gated laser guided ct lung nodule biopsy through a prospective randomized trial using a bellows-based breath hold monitoring system. secondary outcome is the rate of complications using laser guided ct biopsy in general and with bellows-based breath hold monitoring system. the study has approval from the the danish national committee on biomedical research ethics (ref no: h-4-2010-fsp 1).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients with indeterminate lung nodules referred from the department of pulmonary medicine at gentofte hospital, denmark for a ct guided biopsy are considered for inclusion in this study. the biopsy was preformed as part of regular clinical work up of the patient at the department of radiology gentofte hospital, denmark. both men and women were included and no age restrictions were applied. exclusion criteria: excluded from biopsy were those with poor pulmonary function test with a forced expired volume in the first second (fev1) \ 1.2, blood cloth level under 200\* and ecg with sign of ischemic heart disease. the trial is planned to begin 1.march 2010 and run for 2 years ending at 29 february 2012. during this time approx. 400 participants planned for biopsy are accepted to be included in the trial.

Keywords: ct, lung nodule biopsy, respiration gated, lung cancer
effectiveness of the fearnot!v.2.0 software in reducing bullying victimisation among primary school children

Conditions: Bullying Victimisation

Summary: this study will evaluate the effectiveness of a virtual learning treatment in reducing bullying among primary school children in the uk and germany.

in this study, a virtual learning environment application called fearnot!v.2.0 will be evaluated as a way to improve the quality of life in schools by altering children's attitudes and behavior towards bullying. participants will be assigned to either the intervention or the control group. the intention was to assign randomly, however, only a minority of primary schools have the computer facilities to run the software with all pupils participating. thus, assignment is based on the school computer compatibility with the fearnot!v.2.0 software for intervention versus control group controlling for social variables. participants in the intervention group will interact with the software during 30-minute sessions once a week for a total of 3 weeks while participants in the control group will follow the normal curriculum. the fearnot! narrative comprises a number of emergent episodes, which play out like an improvisational drama. during each of these emergent episodes, the characters will act out their roles resulting in a dramatic movie-like display on the computer's monitor. in between each of these episodes, the child can interact with the victim character. he/she can learn how the character feels, and offer them coping strategy advice as to how to behave in the following episode. outcomes will be assessed through student questionnaires at baseline, one week, and four weeks after treatment. in addition, classroom teachers will be asked to complete the teacher incidence of bullying scale at baseline and 4 weeks after the treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria for schools: * mixed * not currently involved in intervention studies specific to countering bullying * access to computers that are compatible to run fearnot!v.2.0 (for intervention schools) inclusion criteria for participants: * age between 8-11 * passive parental consent exclusion criteria: * enrolled in special education schools

Keywords: bullying victimisation aggressive behavior
dexmedetomidine vs midazolam for intraoperative sedation

Conditions: Failed Moderate Sedation During Procedure; Minimally Conscious State

Summary: this randomized, open clinical trial sought to compare the use of midazolam and dexmedetomidine during surgery in patients under regional anesthesia. the primary objective was to determine the superiority of either drug during the intraoperative period regarding: 1- depth of sedation and 2- incidence of complications. secondary objectives included the determination of superiority regarding the postoperative period. for that, patients were randomized into two groups and sedated with either midazolam or dexmedetomidine.

this study was a randomized, open clinical trial. patients undergoing surgery under regional (neuraxial or brachial plexus block) anesthesia were randomly assigned into one of two groups. patients in one of the groups (called mdz) were initially sedated with a 0.05mg/kg bolus dose of midazolam. the ones in the other group (called dex) were initially sedated with a loading dose of 1 µg/kg of dexmedetomidine over 10 minutes, followed by continuous infusion at 0.2 to 0.8 µg/kg/h. in order to achieve a richmond agitation-sedation scale (rass) score between -3 and -1, the following breakthrough doses were used as necessary: mdz: 0.02 mg/kg bolus dose of midazolam plus 0.5µg/kg bolus dose of fentanyl dex: 0.5µg/kg bolus dose of fentanyl depth of sedation and incidence of complications were recorded during surgery, in the post anesthesia care unit (pacu) and in the ward for two days following surgery,

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * undergoing surgery under regional anesthesia exclusion criteria: * the presence of any bradyarrhythmia; * new york heart association (nyha) functional classes iii and iv heart failure and/or left ventricle ejection fraction under 30%; * respiratory failure, glasgow coma scale score 8 or under, and liver failure - due to the increased risk of sedation in patients with these conditions (d) refusal to participate in the study or withdrawal of consent at any moment.
pneumoperitoneum and gynecological laparoscopic surgery: an observational clinical study

Conditions: Laparoscopy

Summary: laparoscopic surgery is now widely established.laparoscopic surgery involves insufflation of a gas (usually carbon dioxide) into the peritoneal cavity producing a pneumoperitoneum. the raised intra-abdominal pressure of the pneumoperitoneum, alteration in the patient's position and effects of carbon dioxide absorption cause changes in physiology, especially within the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

the study will be carried out after approval of the ethical committee of faculty of medicine, assiut university. a full preoperative anesthetic assessment will be carried out. particular attention to the cardiovascular and respiratory systems is essential because of potential effects of the pneumoperitoneum and patient position.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age range 18-50 2. asa 1 3. elective gynecological laparoscopic surgery exclusion criteria: 1. severe ischemic or valvular heart disease 2. increased intracranial pressure (e.g. hydrocephalus, cerebral tumor, head injury) 3. hepatic or renal impairment 4. emergency surgery 5. open surgery 6. previous abdominal surgery

Keywords: pneumoperitoneum trendelenburg position intra-abdominal pressure
a pilot study to determine the most effective dose of arformoterol for treating acute asthmatic patients

Conditions: Acute Asthma

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the best dose of nebulized arformoterol, a quick onset but long acting beta agonist, for use in treating acute bronchospasm in asthmatics presenting to the the emergency department. also this study will evaluate the side effect and safety profile of arformoterol when used in this situation.

acute bronchospasm associated with exacerbations of asthma is a common problem. currently the mainstay of treatment is inhalation albuterol, either levalbuterol or racemic mixture, in repetitive fashion depending on the resolution of the airways obstruction. formoterol is a long-acting (\>12 hours) selective beta2-agonist that has a very rapid onset of bronchodilatation (\<3 minutes and thus similar to that produced by albuterol). patients with acute bronchospasm could benefit from the prn use of formoterol as they would receive acute relief of their symptoms and this would last for a prolonged time period. additionally formoterol has been reported to be 28-109 times as potent as albuterol and safe at doses of 54ug in healthy subjects and asthmatics. racemic formoterol structurally has 2 chiral centers and thus is composed of 4 enantiomers. the rr form (or arformoterol) is the active bronchodilator and it is not clear what the physiologic actions of the other 3 enantiomers are. this study is the first to evaluate nebulized arformoterol solution for therapy of acute asthmatics presenting to the emergency department.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * signed informed consent * fev1 between 20 and 60% predicted after having received 5 mg of albuterol and 0.5 mg of atrovent as nebulized standard of care therapy * male or female between the ages of 18 and 45 * asthma diagnosed by a physician and present for at least 6 months * oxygen saturation greater or equal to 90% on room air * non smoker or \< 10 pack-year history * no other cause for wheezing/sob as determined by the treating physician exclusion criteria: * clinical evidence or history of hepatic, renal, cardiovascular, gi, endocrine, metabolic or cns disease which might interfere with the conduct of the study * acute respiratory failure or other significant pathology of the pulmonary system * female subjects who are pregnant or lactating * currently receiving therapy for a psychiatric disorder * subjects with a known sensitivity to formoterol (racemic or rr) or albuterol (racemic or lev) * history of hospitalization for asthma within 2 months or treatment for acute asthma in an ed within 2 weeks of study entry * past or current use of disallowed medications * participation in an investigational study within 30 days

Keywords: acute asthma arformoterol long acting beta agonists
the effect of omega-3 fatty acids on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Conditions: Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Summary: there is preliminary evidence that omega 3, a compound naturally found in fish oil, reduces the amount of fat stored in the liver and improves liver function. the purpose of this study is to see whether this observation is correct.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease * fatty infiltration on ultrasound * abnormal serum liver function tests. exclusion criteria: * any other identified cause of chronic liver disease * the prescription of medication which would cause non-alcoholic fatty liver - disease (e.g. tamoxifen) * already taking supplementary fish oil * alcohol intake of \>20g/day for women, \>40g/ day for men * known allergy to fish oil * on anticoagulants (antiplatelets are permitted) * severe heart failure (nyha class iv) * pregnancy/ lactation * age under 18 years.

Keywords: non alcoholic fatty liver disease
acute effects of a flutter device and chest wall compression on respiratory system impedance in bronchiectasis patients

Conditions: Bronchiectasis

Summary: bronchiectasis is characterized pathologically by the abnormal and permanent dilation of bronchi caused mainly by the perpetuation of inflammation and impaired clearance of secretions. physical therapy is essential in the treatment of these patients, using its various techniques and devices. the aim of this study is to evaluate the impedance of the respiratory system, by impulse oscillometry, after breathing exercises with chest compression or flutter in patients with bronchiectasis, considering that there are no results in the literature on the effect of these techniques in the small airways of these patients.

bronchiectasis patients and healthy subjects will be evaluated before and after a 30 minutes session of control, breathing exercises with flutter valve, that is a device that produces oscillation and positive pressure during the expiratory phase, or chest compression, that is a manual manoeuvre in the right and left sides of the lower chest, all of them in a sitting position. the main outcome will be obtained by impulse oscillometry, that is a method to access large and small airways, to evaluate the resistance (r), reactance (x), reactance area (ax) and resonant frequency (fres) of respiratory system for the whole breath and for inspiratory and expiratory phase. additionally, will be analysed the dyspnea using the medical research council scale; acceptability and tolerability scale; pulse oxymetry; difficulty of expectoration score; and volume, adhesivity and purulence of sputum.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged between 30 and 80 years * diagnosed with bronchiectasis not resulting from cystic fibrosis, defined by history and full clinical examination and confirmed by computed tomography. exclusion criteria: * chest pain * acute hemoptysis * recent history rib fracture and pneumothorax * respiratory infection in the last 4 weeks prior to study * cystic fibrosis * asthma * fistula. * chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Keywords: respiratory system physical therapy modalities
compare a new method and formula as a guide for the intubation of a left-sided double-lumen tube

Conditions: Therapeutic Procedural Complication

Summary: one-lung ventilation (olv) is required for the most of thoracic surgery to facilitate surgical visualization by collapsing the lung. the double-lumen tube (dlt) is the commonly used device for olv. the objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of the distances between vocal cords to carina of trachea and formula base on patient's height as a guide for the intubation of a left-sided double-lumen tube

in previous study, investigators found that the distances between vocal cords to carina of trachea was a useful predictive method for the intubation of a left-sided double-lumen tube. however in some hospitals preoperative chest ct scans not contain the vocal cords slice. so in this study investigators will compare the accuracy of the distances between the midpoint of the thyroid cartilage to suprasternal notch base on body surface measurement add the distance between suprasternal notch to carina of trachea according to chest ct and formula base on patient's height as a guide for the intubation of a left-sided double-lumen tube.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. adult patients undergoing elective left side thoracic surgery 2. requiring a uniblocker or dlt for one-lung ventilation
kryptonite - a novel osteosynthesis method for median sternotomy

Conditions: Pain

Summary: the aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial effect of bone cement in combination with wire cerclage on the stability of the sternum following median sternotomy. one half of the patients received only wire cerclage the other both bone cement and wire cerclage.

the aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial effect of bone cement in combination with wire cerclage on the stability of the sternum following median sternotomy. it has been shown previously that wire cerclage alone does not provide a stabile osteosynthesis following median sternotomy. the hypothesis is that if a stabile osteosynthesis can be achieved patient recovery can be hastened and patient discomfort and pain reduced. one half of the patients received only wire cerclage the other both bone cement and wire cerclage. the stability of the sternum was evaluated using radiostereometric analysis, pet-ct and patient reported outcomes in the form of sf-36 and vas.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * undergoing elective heart surgery exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: osteogenesis positron-emission tomography radiostereometric analysis