Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
use of copeptin measurement after arginine infusion for the differential diagnosis of diabetes insipidus - the cargox study

Conditions: Diabetes Insipidus; Polydipsia, Primary

Summary: the differential diagnosis of central diabetes insipidus (cdi) is difficult and the current test with the highest diagnostic accuracy is copeptin measurement after hypertonic saline infusion (his). although the his improved diagnostic accuracy compared to the standard water deprivation test used for decades before, it still comprises great discomfort for patients due to the rise in serum sodium levels above 149mmol/l and requires the presence of medical staff at all times to guarantee safety of the test. the arginine stimulation test is routinely used to stimulate growth hormone. own data in 52 patients with polyuria / polydipsia syndrome showed that arginine infusion is a potent stimulator of the neurohypophysis and provides a new diagnostic tool in the differential diagnosis of cdi. copeptin measurements upon arginine stimulation (cas) discriminated patients with diabetes insipidus vs. patients with primary polydipsia with a high diagnostic accuracy of 94%. to validate these results and to compare them against the his a large multicenter trial is needed, where the diagnostic accuracy of the cas is compared to the his.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥ 18 years * hypotonic polyuria / polydipsia syndrome defined as: polyuria \>50ml/kg body weight/24h and polydipsia \>3l /24h or known diabetes insipidus under treatment with ddavp * urine-osmolality \<800mosm/l exclusion criteria: * polyuria / polydipsia secondary to diabetes mellitus, hypercalcemia or hypokalemia * nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (defined as baseline copeptin level \>21.4pmol/l) * evidence of any acute illness * epilepsy requiring treatment * uncontrolled arterial hypertension (blood pressure \>160/100mmhg at baseline) * cardiac failure (nyha iii-iv) * liver cirrhosis (child b-c) * uncorrected adrenal or thyroidal deficiency * patients refusing or unable to give written informed consent * pregnancy or breast feeding * end of life care

Keywords: copeptin
trial of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia

Conditions: Insomnia

Summary: the investigators will conduct a randomized, controlled trial of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (icbt) vs usual care for insomnia. the target population is patients prescribed medications for insomnia who have not had a dispensation of these medications in the preceding six months. the primary outcomes is dispensed days supply over the subsequent one year. secondary outcomes include all types of health system clinical encounters. the investigators hypothesize that the group randomized into icbt will have less insomnia medications dispensed than usual care controls, and less clinical encounters..


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a prescription for any of a set of selected insomnia medications. * age \>18 years at the time of the prescription. * a recent (\<30 days before the prescription date) diagnosis of insomnia as determined by a set of selected international classification of disease (icd) codes, to be used for medications that are not prescribed just for insomnia. * membership for \>365 days prior to the prescription date. * no evidence of a dispensed insomnia medication within six months (183 days) of the current prescription. exclusion criteria: * contained in inclusion criteria.
muscle relaxant effect and safety of mivacurium chloride and succinylcholine for bronchoscopy

Conditions: Anesthesia; Bronchoscopy; Muscle Relaxants

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether mivacurium chloride and succinylcholine can provide effective and safe muscle relaxation in adult patients aged 18-60 years undergoing bronchoscopy who require muscle relaxants during anesthesia. the main questions it aims to answer are: * is the recovery of spontaneous breathing within 15 minutes after drug discontinuation with mivacurium chloride non-inferior to succinylcholine? * how do mivacurium chloride and succinylcholine compare in terms of intraoperative hemodynamics and post-operative recovery and comfort? researchers will compare the mivacurium chloride group and the succinylcholine group to observe if mivacurium chloride can provide similar or better recovery effects compared to succinylcholine. participants will: * receive either mivacurium chloride (0.14 mg/kg induction bolus + 0.5 mg/kg/h maintenance infusion) or succinylcholine (1 mg/kg induction bolus + 5 mg/kg/h maintenance infusion) as a muscle relaxant during bronchoscopy. * have their vital signs, including blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and heart rate, monitored at multiple time points during the procedure. * be assessed post-procedure for spontaneous breathing recovery, consciousness recovery, and time to laryngeal mask airway (lma) removal, as well as overall comfort and satisfaction.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients scheduled for painless bronchoscopy who require muscle relaxants during anesthesia. 2. aged between 18 and 60 years. 3. classified as grade i-iii according to the american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status classification. 4. patients voluntarily participate and sign an informed consent form. exclusion criteria: 1. patients with known allergies to any of the drugs involved in the study. 2. patients with severe organic diseases of the brain, heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, or other major organs. 3. patients with intracranial hypertension, asthma, cataracts, glaucoma, or other eye diseases. 4. patients with myasthenia gravis, myasthenic syndrome, severe reduction or deficiency of cholinesterase, upper motor neuron injury, or upper motor neuron diseases that may cause abnormal responses to muscle relaxants. 5. patients who have used medications affecting neuromuscular transmission function before the procedure. 6. pregnant or breastfeeding patients. 7. patients who have experienced extensive burns, acid-base imbalance, or electrolyte disturbances within the past six months. 8. patients known or suspected to be homozygous for the atypical gene for plasma cholinesterase.
intra nasal sufentanil versus intravenous morphine for acute severe traumatic pain analgesia in emergency setting

Conditions: Severe Traumatic Pain; Numeric Pain Rating Scale > 5 / 10

Summary: intranasal (in) administration of opiates is an appealing non-invasive way of treating acute traumatic pain in prehospital and emergency departments (ed). the investigators hypothesize that in administration of sufentanil is equal as compared with intra veinous (iv) administration of morphine wich is widely recommended in ed. the investigators study is a multicentric, comparative, randomized, double-blind, double-placebo study, comparing quality of analgesia in both groups 30 minutes after first administration of opiates. the investigators also asses side effects and patient satisfaction in both groups.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * traumatic pain * numeric pain rating scale (nprs) \>5 /10 * age between 18 and 75 years old exclusion criteria: * medical pain (headache, chest pain,...) * respiratory, renal or hepatic insufficiency * drug addiction * medical or chirurgical sinus history * oxygene saturation \< 90% * systolic blood pressure \< 90mmhg * head injury with a neurological glasgow coma scale (gcs) \< 14 * opioid allergy * facial traumatism * patient unable do understand or assessing nprs * opiates administration within 6 hours before admission

Keywords: acute pain traumatic pain emergency setting prehospital setting analgesia intranasal device intra veinous injection sufentanil citrate morphine sulfate
recurrence risk evaluation by 21-gene detection

Conditions: Relationship and Consistency Analysis

Summary: breast cancer patients with early breast cancer were enrolled according to the inclusion criteria. baseline characteristics were recorded from medical record system. recurrence score were obtained by 21-gene detection kits from different biological companies. relationship between recurrence score and the prognosis was explored. meanwhile, the investigators analyzed the consistency of the results obtained from various 21-gene test kits and immunohistochemistry detection.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. breast cancer in stage i-iii, tumor size\>0.5cm 2. lymph nodes negative 3. hormone receptor positive （er+/pr+,er+/pr-,er-/pr+） 4. her2 negative（ihc 0 or +， fish negative） 5. receive endocrine therapy only 6. enough ffpe samples within 10 years（3\~6 10μm ） 7. patients with integrated medical records exclusion criteria: 1. tumor cells \<5% 2. isolated rna\<500ng
incidence of occluded culprit arteries and impact of coronary collaterals on outcome in patients with nstemi

Conditions: NSTEMI

Summary: it is assumed that patients with non-st-elevation myocardial infarctions (nstemi) showing an infero- or posterolateral occluded culprit artery (oca) during diagnostic angiography frequently elude standard 12-lead electrocardiogram diagnosis. in addition, coronary collaterals may have beneficial effects in patients with oca.

we examined consecutive nstemi patients within 48 h of symptom onset. all patients underwent early invasive angiography plus optimal medical therapy. we compared baseline characteristics, procedural findings including analysis of timi-flow and collaterals using the rentrop-classification, 30-day and 6-months major adverse cardiovascular events (mace) in patients with and without totally oca.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 18 and 90 years, * onset of angina pectoris at rest \<24 h or crescendo angina in recent weeks with symptoms under minimal exertion or at rest lasting \<24 h, * elevated troponin t ≥0.03 µg/l and * written informed consent. exclusion criteria: * persistent angina, * st-segment elevation myocardial infarction (stemi), * hemodynamic instability including cardiogenic shock, * oral anticoagulation therapy, * contraindications for glycoprotein iib/iiia inhibitors, * other disease with life expectancy \<6 months, * known coagulopathy, * pregnancy, * other suspected causes of troponin elevation as myocarditis, secondary to hypertensive crisis, or after cardiac decompensation, * no ability to consent, and * participation in another study.

Keywords: myocardial infarction coronary occlusion myocardial revascularization collaterals prognosis
nickel allergy with septal closure devices

Conditions: Atrial Septal Defect; Patent Foramen Ovale; Allergic Reaction to Nickel

Summary: this study is for patients who have been diagnosed with either a patent foramen ovale \[pfo\] or an atrial septal defect \[asd\]. these are a type of hole located in the wall that separates the top two (2) chambers of the heart. you have been recommended to receive an atrial septal occluder device \[a device specifically designed to close pfos and asds\] implanted in your heart to close this hole. because these devices are made of materials that contain nickel, this trial is being conducted to perform blood nickel tests on those patients already referred for an atrial septal occluder device such as yourself. the purpose of this study is to compare levels of nickel in the blood in patients receiving either the amplatzer or the helex devices.

this is a single-center, single-operator, investigator-initiated, investigator-funded, open-label, non-randomized cohort study. inclusion criteria include patients ≥18 years, secundum atrial septal defect (asd) ≤1cm on transesophageal echocardiography or patent foramen ovale (pfo), without contraindications to antiplatelet and/or antithrombotic therapy, and suitable anatomy for device closure with one of the following: amplatzer atrial septal occluder, amplatzer cribriform septal occluder, amplatzer pfo occluder, or the gore helex septal occluder. after device implantation, routine clinical followup will be performed, including transthoracic echocardiography at 1 day, 1 month, and 6 months, and 48-holter monitoring for arrhythmia at 1 month. research related study procedures are blood draws to measure nickel levels and a patient questionnaire about symptoms. blood draws will be done at baseline \[from the femoral venous sheath immediately prior to device implantation\] and at one (1) day, one (1) month, three (3) months and six (6) months. the questionnaire will be completed at one (1) month, three (3) months and six (6) months but can be done over the telephone if patient is having blood drawn at a lab closer to their home. patient participation is complete after collection of the 6 month blood results and patient questionnaire.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients ≥ 18 years, * secundum atrial septal defect (asd) ≤ 1 cm on transesophageal echocardiography or patent foramen ovale (pfo), without contraindications to antiplatelet and/or antithrombotic therapy, and * suitable anatomy for device closure with one of the following: amplatzer atrial septal occluder, amplatzer cribriform septal occluder, amplatzer pfo occluder, or the gore helex septal occluder.

Keywords: nickel allergic syndrome septal closure devices
effectiveness of rapid diagnostic tests in the new context of low malaria endemicity in zanzibar

Conditions: Fever; Malaria

Summary: the purpose of this study is to study the effectiveness of wide scale rdt use at the primary health care level in previously high malaria endemic area during malaria pre-elimination phase for improved targeting of anti-malarial drugs, malaria surveillance and epidemic alertness.

during the last 6 years zanzibar has undergone a dramatic change in malaria epidemiology and burden of disease, with a marked decline of plasmodium falciparum malaria among febrile children from approximately 30% to 1% or below and a reduction of crude child mortality of 50% overuse of the expensive acts will not only be a substantial financial burden on the health care system in zanzibar, but will also spur anti-malarial drug resistance with devastating effect on global malaria control efforts and prevent other causes of fever from being appropriately treated, e.g. pneumonias which require antibiotics. rapid diagnostic tests (rdts), based on antigen detection of p. falciparum, are proposed as a future cornerstone to improve diagnostic efficiency also at the peripheral health care level beyond the reach of microscopy services imci algorithms based on clinical symptoms could potentially be made more efficient and cost effective if simple parasitological diagnostic methodologies were incorporated. zanzibar is among the first regions to incorporate rdt in the imci guidelines in africa, which provides a unique research opportunity to scientifically evaluate the effectiveness of incorporating rdt in the existing imci algorithm. another key challenge for zanzibar is to monitor potential development of parasite resistance to act when the number of malaria positive patients is insufficient to conduct standard in vivo efficacy trials. we propose that rdt could play a critical new role also in this regard.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients \>2 months of age with confirmed fever, with a measured axillary temperature of ≥37.5˚c, or history of fever within the preceding 24 hours * presenting to the health facility from 8.00 to 16.00 monday to friday. * informed consent exclusion criteria: * previous enrolment in the study within the last 28 days. * severe disease that requires immediate referral as defined by the clinician

Keywords: fever malaria rdt imci children<5 years of age act
effect of dapagliflozin on hepatic and renal glucose metabolism subjects

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: researchers hope to determine the organ (liver and/or kidney) responsible for the increase in endogenous glucose production (egp) following the induction of glucosuria (when glucose is excreted in detectable amounts in the urine) with an sglt2 inhibitor, dapagliflozin.

researchers will measure the rate of hepatic and renal glucose production following dapagliflozin administration to determine the site of increase in egp, liver versus kidney. researchers will measure the rate of whole body glucose production with 3-3h-glucose (a form of radioactive glucose) and renal glucose production by renal vein catheterization in t2dm (type 2 diabetes mellitus) and in lean healthy ngt (normal glucose tolerance) individuals. because the increase in egp is associated with an increase in plasma glucagon concentration and renal glucose production is stated to be unresponsive to glucagon, the investigators anticipate that the liver will be responsible, in part, for the increase in egp.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 25-35 kg/m\^2 * normal glucose tolerance subjects (24) * type 2 diabetic subjects (24) * diabetic subjects must be on a stable dose (more than 3 months) of monotherapy or combination therapy with metformin and/or a sulfonylurea * diabetic subjects must have hba1c \<8.0% * other than diabetes, subjects must be in good general health as determined by physical exam, medical history, blood chemistries, cbc (complete blood count), tsh (thyroid-stimulating hormone), t4 (thyroxine), ekg (electrocardiogram) and urinanalysis. * only subjects whose body weight has been stable (± 3 lbs) over the preceding three months and who do not participate in an excessively heavy exercise program will be included. exclusion criteria: * subjects taking drugs known to affect glucose metabolism (other than metformin and sulfonylurea) will be excluded. * individuals with evidence of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, plasma creatinine \>1.4 females or \>1.5 males, or 24-hour urine albumin excretion \> 300 mg will be excluded.
efficacy of semi-rigid ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy in the treatment of proximal ureteral stones: a randomized controlled trial

Conditions: Urolithiasis; Proximal Ureteral Stone

Summary: the efficacy of ho: yag and tfl combined with semirigid ureteroscopic treatment of proximal ureteral stones will be compared.

the target population of this study is patients with proximal ureteral stones who are scheduled to undergo semirigid ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy. after enrollment, the subjects will be randomly assigned to the semirigid ureteroscopic holmium laser (ho: yag) lithotripsy group and the semirigid ureteroscopic thulium fiber laser (tfl) lithotripsy group for surgical treatment. the subjects will be followed up after surgery, and the collected data will be summarized and analyzed after the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. ≥18 years old; 2. patients diagnosed with unilateral proximal ureteral stones ≤2cm by computed tomography (ct)/kidney and upper bladder (kub) radiography who required surgery; 3. patients who volunteered to participate in this study. exclusion criteria: 1. unable to give informed consent; 2. untreated urinary tract infection; 3. pregnant women; 4. known anatomical abnormalities (such as urinary diversion or ureteral stenosis); 5. urothelial tumors, transplanted kidney stones, irreversible coagulopathy; 6. the semi-rigid ureteroscope cannot reach the stone site, ureteroscopy-negative stones, and stones can be removed directly without laser lithotripsy; 7. the researchers believe that they are not suitable for participation in this study.

Keywords: proximal ureteral stones ho: yag lithotripsy thulium fiber laser (tfl) lithotripsy semirigid ureteroscopic lithotripsy
weight outlooks by restriction of diet and sleep

Conditions: Weight

Summary: the purpose of this study is to examine whether chronic moderate sleep restriction effects the amount of body fat and lean mass loss, and calorie expenditure, in individuals who are participating in a dietary weight loss program.

participants will be randomly assigned to an 8-week program of either restricted diet alone, or restricted diet with restricted sleep for 5 days a week. the total expected duration of participation is approximately 3 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 35-55 years, * bmi between 30-35 kg/meters squared, * total sleep time between 6.5-8 hours exclusion criteria: * work requiring changing schedule, * use of sleep aids or sleep medication

Keywords: body composition anthropometry
predicting metastatic oral squamous cell carcinomas with molecular biomarkers using machine learning

Conditions: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Summary: application management team: pi - siu wai choi; email - htswchoi@hku.hk delegates - chui shan chu; email: sunshine.c@connect.hku.hk followupusers - chui shan chu; email:sunshine.c@connect.hku.hk

eligibility criteria: - patients were diagnosed with a baseline disease of oral squamous carcinoma. exclusion criteria: - n/a sample size: - \~500 subjects source of data: - the data, such as age and medical records, would be obtained from hospital authority clinical management system (hacms) statistical analysis: - machine learning will be applied into analysis plan

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with oral squamous carcinoma * received surgery from 1st october 2000 to 1st october 2019 exclusion criteria: n/a

Keywords: oscc; oral cancer; machine learning
exploratory research on constructing a computational biological model based on ngs for mrd after breast cancer surgery

Conditions: Breast Cancer; Measurable Residual Disease

Summary: this study will include 80 subjects after radical breast cancer resection, collect blood samples of the above subjects, observe and quantify the characteristic changes of cfdna in the blood of breast cancer subjects after surgery, and establish a computational biological model based on next generation sequencing to monitor breast cancer mrd;

this study will include 80 subjects after radical breast cancer resection. the results of ca15-3, cea, color doppler ultrasound and other traditional postoperative monitoring examinations for breast cancer, as well as 5ml of peripheral venous blood, were collected on the day of enrollment/the 7th day after adjuvant treatment/the 3rd, 6th, 9th, 12th, 15th, 18th, 21st, 24th, 30th and 36th months after surgery. we observe and quantify the characteristic changes of cfdna in the blood of breast cancer subjects after surgery, and establish a computational biological model based on next generation sequencing to monitor breast cancer mrd;

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 1. age ≥ 18 years old, gender not limited; 2. obtain plasma samples from the subjects during a 3-year follow-up period; 3. the subjects fully understand the study and voluntarily sign the informed consent form; 4. able to cooperate with a 3-year follow-up visit to the hospital; 5. the physical fitness status score (zps) of the ecog scoring criteria for the subjects must be ≤ 1; 6. life expectancy ≥ 5 years; 7. subjects who meet the following criteria: 1. histopathology confirmed primary breast cancer (unlimited molecular type); 2. radical breast cancer resection is expected; 3. adopting postoperative adjuvant therapy or preoperative neoadjuvant therapy; exclusion criteria: * 1. the subject is pregnant or breastfeeding; 2. serious mental illness or drug abuse; 3. unable to obtain the subject\&#39;s plasma during this period; 4. if the subject has a non primary malignant tumor of the breast with a clear pathological diagnosis within 5 years before enrollment: 5. if the subject has suspected non breast malignant tumors (such as b-ultrasound, ct, etc.) on imaging within the past year of enrollment, but without pathological confirmation; 6. clinical suspicion of distant metastatic lesions; 7. the subject has received any blood product infusion therapy within the past 30 days; 8. known carriers of pathogenic genetic mutations;