Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
results of telescoping nail in oi; a case series

Conditions: Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Summary: assess the postoperative functional outcomes after surgical correction of skeletal deformities of lower limbs in osteogenesis imperfecta patients as regard ambulation status, postoperative complications and reoperation rate.

osteogenesis imperfecta (oi) is a rare heterogeneous group of inherited disorders characterized by brittle bones, frequent fractures, and skeletal deformities that affect an individual's ability to walk. based on sillence classification, there are four types of oi; type i (mild, non-deforming), type ii (perinatal lethal), type iii (severely deforming), and type iv (moderately deforming). recently 3 types added type v, vi and type vii. deformities of the long bones are common in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta particularly in the lower limbs where they are also more severe. multiple fractures can occur and the ability to walk may be compromised. the goal of orthopaedic surgery implies the correction of long bone bowing, rotational malalignment, angular deformity and prevention or reduction of the fracture incidence .surgical intervention in the form of multiple osteotomies, realignment and fixation by intramedullary rods can correct deformity of the long bones and provides internal support enhancing the potential for standing and assisted or independent walking sofield and millar, page and mead popularized the operation of multiple osteotomies and fixation by intramedullary rods. in 1963 the baily dubow nail was first introduced the telescopic rodding and nailing have been developed in order to obtain a long lasting osteosynthesis in a growing long bone, thus, reducing the need of replacement. the evolution of telescoping rods for the treatment of fractures and deformity in children with diminished bone quality has resulted in an approved and commercially available new single entry telescopic rod system, the fassier duval telescopic im system (fd-rod). in recent publications a high reoperation rate for proximal rod migration and a complication rate up to 40% because of rod migration, limited telescoping and joint protrusion was found. we hope that our study will advance the proper surgical intervention for children with osteogenesis imperfecta for better functional outcomes

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age from 3-11 years * severe lower limb deformity presented with or without fracture exclusion criteria: * nondisplaced/incomplete fractures in minimally deformed bones * deformity angulation less than 20 degree
study of urine samples from women with newly diagnosed breast cancer enrolled on clinical trial unmc-08105

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: rationale: studying samples of urine from patients with cancer in the laboratory may help doctors learn more about changes that occur in dna and identify biomarkers related to cancer. it may also help doctors predict how patients will respond to treatment. purpose: this research study is looking at urine samples from women with newly diagnosed breast cancer.

objectives: * to learn the effects of selected agents (tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors) on the profile of estrogen metabolites, glutathione conjugates, and depurinating dna adducts in urine from women with breast cancer. outline: previously collected urine samples are analyzed for 40 estrogen metabolites, conjugates, and depurinating dna adducts by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection. patient information (e.g., race, body mass index, age at menarche, menopausal status, age at menopause if applicable, smoking history, alcohol consumption) is collected through medical record review.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * newly diagnosed ductal carcinoma in situ or invasive breast cancer * urine biospecimens available from participation in protocol unmc-08105 (irb#311-06), the breast cancer collaborative registry (bccr), which included treatment with tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor o urine specimens were collected at baseline, 6 months, and then annually * estrogen receptor or progesterone receptor positive * ecog performance status 0-2 exclusion criteria: * not pregnant or nursing * no concurrent use of estrogen(s)

Keywords: ductal breast carcinoma in situ stage i breast cancer stage ii breast cancer stage iiia breast cancer stage iiib breast cancer stage iiic breast cancer stage iv breast cancer
a comparison of local anesthetic agents and steroid on tracheal tube cuff

Conditions: Anesthesia Intubation Complication; Intubation Complication; Sore Throat

Summary: this study aims to compare effects of two different agents on complications due to tracheal tube cuff in pediatric patients. sore throat, hoarseness, laryngospasm, bronchospasm are the main complications.

in the literature there were studies about both local anesthetic agents and topical steroids and different densities of saline which were applied to decrease airway complications. in this study researchers intended to compare effects of local anesthetic agents and topical steroids applying around tracheal tube on airway complications which may occur in the first 24 hours after surgery. all pediatric patients scheduled for elective surgery will be recruited. enrolled patients will randomly assigned in to three groups: control group, local anesthetic group and topical steroid group.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * being ages between 2 and 18 * undergoing elective surgery * intubated patients over 1 hour * asa(american society of anesthesiologists) class i-ii patients exclusion criteria: * urgent surgeries * tonsillectomies, adenoidectomies ..etc, operations that causes sore throat due to the operation area.

Keywords: intubation anesthesia corticosteroids lidocaine complication of intubation
artifact-free high-resolution myocardial perfusion mri in subjects with abnormal nuclear myocardial perfusion studies

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease; CAD

Summary: this is a pilot study in a patient population with suspected coronary artery disease (cad) as defined by the presence of a prior abnormal nuclear (pet/spect) myocardial perfusion scan. in this study design, pet/spect will serve as the comparative standard for presence of myocardial ischemia. we intend to determine the accuracy of an improved magnetic resonance imaging (mri) technique for detection of myocardial ischemia in subjects with suspected cad. this is not a study to specifically evaluate the efficacy or safety of the drugs but rather the diagnostic performance of the improved cardiac mri procedure.

a total of two imaging protocols will be used as "protocol options" in this study (only one of the protocols will be used for each enrolled subject): (1) "two-day protocol," which involves mri of subjects who have had a recent abnormal pet/spect study and includes an optional second-day visit; (2) "one-day protocol," which involves the subjects undergoing stress myocardial perfusion spect and mri in the same day. two blinded readers will interpret mr and spect/pet studies by consensus to assess the presence of perfusion deficits at stress and rest.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinically indicated nuclear myocardial perfusion (pet/spect) study with mild to moderate ischemia or prior myocardial infarction and a visual scan interpretation of definitely abnormal and no intervening revascularization since the prior study; or, * clinically stable individuals with suspected or known coronary artery disease on the basis of coronary angiography. exclusion criteria: * \< 18 years of age * hypotension (systolic blood pressure \<100 mm hg) * significant non-coronary cardiac disease (e.g. severe valvular abnormality, significant cardiomyopathy, etc.) * persons unable to successfully pass mri health and safety screening * persons whose renal function test does not meet csmc standard of care mri contrast protocol requirements (gfr \<45 ml/min based on serum creatinine, age, gender, and ethnicity). * subjects with contraindications to or intolerance of regadenoson. * persons with an allergy to gadolinium-based contrast. * persons with a history of kidney or liver disease.

Keywords: mri magnetic resonance imaging myocardial perfusion myocardial perfusion imaging novel mri techniques
the use of microneedles to expedite treatment time in photodynamic therapy

Conditions: Keratosis, Actinic

Summary: the aim of this study is to investigate how varying incubation periods of topical aminolevulinic acid after pretreatment with microneedle application can facilitate the penetration and efficacy of photodynamic therapy.

the current standard of care of photodynamic therapy to treat actinic keratoses includes pre-treatment of the area with topical aminolevulinic acid for 1 hour, followed by treatment with blue light. in a previous study, the investigators showed pretreatment of microneedles enhance penetration of topical aminolevulinic acid as compared to the control group. the aim of this study is to investigate how varying incubation periods of topical aminolevulinic acid after pretreatment with microneedle application can facilitate the penetration and efficacy of photodynamic therapy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years of age and older * subjects has actinic keratoses and qualifies for photodynamic therapy * do not meet any of the exclusion criteria exclusion criteria: * subjects who smoke * subjects who have a photosensitizing condition such as lupus, porphyria, or similar condition * subjects who have established allergy to topical ala * subjects who have had a documented nonmelanoma skin cancer on the face over the past 6 months
phase 2b study of gsk4532990 in adults with nash

Conditions: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to measure improvements in liver fibrosis and inflammation with gsk4532990 compared with placebo in participants with nash and advanced fibrosis on biopsy (f3 or f4). the study duration will be up to 76 weeks including the screening period. the treatment duration will be up to 52 weeks.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * body mass index (bmi) ≥25 kilogram per meter square (kg/m\^2) (all ethnic origins) except for asian participants who qualify for the study with bmi ≥23 kg/m2 at screening. * in the opinion of the investigator, there are features of metabolic syndrome and nafld is the most likely cause of liver disease. metabolic syndrome may include type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm), obesity, dyslipidemia and hypertension. * a liver biopsy at baseline showing nafld activity score (nas) \>=4 with at least 1 point each in steatosis, inflammation and ballooning and either fibrosis 3 or fibrosis 4 using nash crn scoring system. * able and willing to comply with all study assessments, including a liver biopsy at week 52. exclusion criteria: * current alcohol consumption ≥14 standard drinks (24 units, 196 g ethanol) per week for females or ≥21 standard drinks (37 units, 294g ethanol) per week for males. * weight reduction surgery or procedures (including gastric banding and intragastric balloon insertion) within 2 years of screening 1 and/or planned during the study. * history of cancer within previous 2 years from screening 1, except basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin or in situ cervical carcinoma or any other type of cancer which has been treated medically or surgically with curative outcome.

Keywords: 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 13 minimization for the treatment of nash (horizon) gsk4532990 non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (nash) non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld)
cartoon distraction and parental presence on anxiety in pediatric anesthesia

Conditions: Anxiety, Separation; Psychomotor Agitation

Summary: nearly 50% of young children undergoing surgery exhibit high level of anxiety during induction of anesthesia because of exposure to unfamiliar environment and people and separation from parents. increased preoperative anxiety may impact postoperative behavior changes such as emergence agitation, separation anxiety and sleep disturbance. although some pediatric anesthesiologists routinely permit parental presence to reduce the anxiety during induction of anesthesia, previous studies have reported conflicting results. recently the distraction using video game or animated cartoon has been reported to reduce anxiety of young children during induction of anesthesia. however, it was still undetermined whether distraction has its own ability to reduce children's anxiety separated from parental presence because they evaluated the effect of video method in the parental presence. the investigators design to investigated the efficacy of distraction with watching cartoon, parental presence and combined with watching cartoon and parental presence on reduction of anxiety during inhalational induction of anesthesia using sevoflurane. in addition this study includes long-term effect of each intervention such as postoperative emergence agitation and postoperative behavior change in children.

this study is different from previous reports as follow. first, investigators separate the effect of cartoon distraction and parental presence on minimizing preoperative anxiety and determine whether an interaction between two different interventions is existent. second, investigators evaluate the effect of preoperative anxiety on the long-term behavioral change of children. it was not clarified yet in clinical practice. third, investigators evaluate the effect of each intervention on parental anxiety before and after induction of anesthesia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status 1 and 2 2. 1-7 years old. 3. elective, single minor surgery under general anesthesia exclusion criteria: 1.chronic illness, psychological or emotional disorder, abnormal cognitive development 2.previous anesthetic experience 3.closure both eyes after surgery 4.sedative medication or psychoactive drugs medication, 5.history of allergy to the drugs used in our study 6.expected difficult intubation or respiration such as abnormal airway, reactive airway disease, upper respiratory infection in recent 3 weeks -
concurrent involved-field radiotherapy and intrathecal chemotherapy for leptomeningeal metastases from solid tumors

Conditions: Leptomeningeal Metastasis

Summary: it has been proved that concurrent radiotherapy (rt) and intrathecal methotrexate (mtx) for leptomeningeal metastases (lm) from solid tumors with adverse prognostic factors showed great effectiveness and safety. cytarabine(ara-c) is another agent which is commonly used for intrathecal chemotherapy. the purpose of the study is to observe the effectiveness and safety of concurrent rt and intrathecal chemotherapy for lm from solid tumors. in addition, the effectiveness of these two types of agents (mtx and ara-c) in the concurrent chemo-radiotherapy will be compared in this study. this is a randomized controlled, parallel group, and phase ii clinical trial. the object of this study is newly diagnosis patients with leptomeningeal metastases from solid tumors, who will accept the treatment of involved-field rt combined with concurrent intrathecal-mtx or intrathecal-ara-c, respectively. major endpoint is clinical response rate. secondary endpoints are time to progression,severe adverse events and overall survival.

the patients were randomly divided into two groups, who will accept the treatment of involved-field rt combined with concurrent intrathecal-mtx or intrathecal-ara-c, respectively. concomitant regimen consisted of intrathecal chemotherapy (via lumbar puncture, mtx 15 mg, plus dexamethasone 5 mg, or ara-c 50mg, plus dexamethasone 5 mg, once per week, 4 weeks in total) and rt. rt consisted of fractionated, conformal radiation given at a daily dose of 2 gy. the planning volume consisted of sites of symptomatic disease, bulky disease observed on mri, including the whole brain and basis cranii received 40 gy in 20 fractions and/or segment of spinal canal received 40-50 gy. the rano proposal for response criteria of lm disease was used to assess the clinical response in this study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients who have been definitely diagnosed as leptomeningeal metastasis according to cerebrospinal fluid cytology or neuroimaging, or patients who got the clinical diagnosis by combining with the history of cancer, clinical manifestation, cerebrospinal fluid examination, neuroimaging etc; 2. patients who have been diagnosed as malignant solid tumor with definite pathologic type, excluding hematological malignancies (e.g., leukemia and lymphoma) or primary brain tumors; 3. no severe abnormal liver and kidney function; wbc≥2500/mm3, plt≥60000/mm3; 4. no other severe chronic diseases; 5. no history of severe nervous system disease; 6. no severe dyscrasia; 7. signed informed consent form. exclusion criteria: 1. patients with leptomeningeal metastasis from unknown primary tumor; 2. patients who had received radiotherapy to the brain in the past 6 months; 3. patients who had accepted systemic chemotherapy within one month before the treatment, or molecular targeted therapy less than 3 months; 4. patients with poor compliance, or for other reasons, the researchers considered unsuitable to participate in this clinical study.
management of postpartum preeclampsia

Conditions: Postpartum Preeclampsia

Summary: the aim of this study is to assess the effect of a lower treatment threshold for antihypertensive medication and tighter blood pressure control, using remote blood pressure monitoring, on reducing emergency room visits for our postpartum patients with hypertensive disease.

the aim of this study is to assess the effect of lower treatment threshold for initiating antihypertensive medication and tighter blood pressure control, using remote blood pressure monitoring, on reducing emergency room visits for our postpartum patients with hypertensive disease. the investigators will study and compare two cohorts of patients. the first is a retrospective cohort, including patients delivered at robert wood johnson university hospital and cooperman barnabas medical center. the second is a prospective cohort that will enroll patients immediately postpartum who are eligible for our treatment protocol.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, or preeclampsia. * delivery of a neonate after 20 weeks during their current hospitalization * able to consent * 18 years old or above * english or spanish speaking * planning to follow up with a physician associated with robert wood johnson university hospital or cooperman barnabas medical center * ability to follow directions exclusion criteria: * any medical condition that the providers feel is a contraindication to the mopp algorithm. * planning to follow up with an outside institution. * unwillingness to take blood pressure at home.
single-sided deafness and cochlear implantation

Conditions: Hearing Loss; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural; Hearing Loss, Unilateral; Hearing Loss, Sudden; Hearing Loss, Cochlear; Hearing Loss in Left Ear; Hearing Loss in Right Ear; Labyrinthitis

Summary: this observational study evaluates the effects of cochlear implantation in patients with deafness in one ear.

cochlear implant (ci) technology has been widely used for individuals with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss to improve the ability to perceive sound by bypassing the damaged portion of the inner ear. recently in the u.s., cochlear implantation has also been approved by the fda for treatment of single-sided deafness. by restoring binaural hearing, cochlear implantation in unilateral hearing loss may improve hearing in noise and sound localization, however its audiologic outcomes and quality of life impact for patients remain incompletely understood. this study aims to establish a prospective database to track and quantify the change in general health status, tinnitus severity, spatial hearing ability, and difficulty with communication in noise after unilateral cochlear implantation in patients with ssd undergoing routine medical and audiologic evaluation at the johns hopkins cochlear implant center. study participants will complete survey questionnaires and undergo standard-of-care audiological evaluation before and after cochlear implantation. data collected in this study will be invaluable in gaining an in-depth understanding of the effects of cochlear implantation in patients with ssd in the context of current fda guidelines, and lead to better counseling and patient selection for this treatment modality.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * for individuals ages 18 years-old and above, limited benefit from unilateral amplification is defined by test scores of 5% correct or less on monosyllabic consonant-nucleus-consonant (cnc) words in quiet when tested in the ear to be implanted alone. * before implantation with a cochlear implant, individuals with ssd or ahl must have at least 1-month experience wearing a contra lateral routing of signal (cros) hearing aid or other relevant device and not show any subjective benefit. * medical and surgical clearance for cochlear implantation. exclusion criteria: * not meeting fda candidacy criteria for cochlear implantation in ssd * inability to perform audiologic tasks (e.g. non-english speaking) * medical or surgical contraindication to general anesthesia or cochlear implant surgery * does not wish to participate

Keywords: cochlear implantation
early child care and risk of obesity

Conditions: Child Adiposity

Summary: the purpose of this study is to examine risk factors associated with infant growth and the development of obesity in the first year of life. the investigators plan to establish a racially and ethnically diverse southern cohort of 800 mother/infant dyads, followed regularly from birth to 12 months of age. the cohort will be residents of durham, north carolina (nc) and the immediate surrounding area. the proposed longitudinal study will examine factors contributing to the development of obesity, including dietary behaviors, physical activity and inactivity, stress, and sleep duration and quality. frequent in-home assessments throughout infancy and contact with other care providers will help pinpoint exactly when children begin to gain weight excessively and will identify risk factors related to energy intake, energy expenditure, stress, and sleep associated with obesity.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * mother over 18 * in 2nd or 3rd trimester of pregnancy with singleton * speak and read english * planning to stay in area for the first year of baby's life exclusion criteria: * baby born with conditions that may affect weight, feeding or motor activity

Keywords: child adiposity infancy motor activity feeding behavior sleep stress, physiological