Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
neuroimaging studies of reward processing in depression

Conditions: Major Depressive Disorder

Summary: this study investigates stress-related signaling of glutamate and dopamine within the reward-processing circuit in major depressive disorder (mdd), and whether they can be used to predict depressive symptoms in the future. this will be achieved through various neuroimaging tools (mrs, fmri, pet), behavioral tasks, and a naturalistic follow-up design.

the overarching goals of this research are to investigate: (1) stress-induced glutamatergic abnormalities and their relation to disruption within the corticostriatal valuation circuit in mdd; (2) stress-induced da signaling disruptions in mdd; and (3) the predictive validity of these two pathophysiological mechanisms. this will be achieved through an innovative integration of (1) proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (mrs)-based assessments of glutamatergic metabolites in the mpfc; (2) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) probes of the corticostriatal valuation circuit with well-established stress manipulations (mast) and assessments (cortisol and inflammatory markers); (3) positron emission tomography (pet)-based measurement of striatal da release with well-established stress manipulations and assessments (cortisol and inflammatory markers); and (4) a naturalistic follow-up design.

Eligibility criteria:
general inclusion criteria: * all genders, races, and ethnic origins, aged between 18 and 45 * capable of providing written informed consent, and fluent in english * right-handed * absence of any psychotropic medications for at least 2 weeks inclusion criteria for current depression group (mdd): * current dsm-5 diagnostic criteria for mdd (as diagnosed with the use of the scid) inclusion criteria for remitted depression group (rmdd): * history of at least one major depressive episode within the past five years * not currently depressed inclusion criteria for healthy control group (hc): * absence of any medical, neurological, and psychiatric illness (including alcohol/substance abuse) exclusion criteria: * subjects with suicidal ideation where outpatient treatment is determined unsafe by the study clinician * pregnant women * failure to meet standard mri or pet safety requirements * serious or unstable medical illness * history of seizure disorder * history or current diagnosis of organic mental disorder, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, psychotic disorders not otherwise specified, bipolar disorder, ocd, ptsd, mood congruent or mood incongruent psychotic features, substance dependence, substance abuse within the last 12 months (with the exception of cocaine or stimulant abuse, which will lead to automatic exclusion) * simple phobia, social anxiety disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder will be allowed only if secondary to mdd and only in the mdd group * history of cocaine or stimulant use (e.g., amphetamine, cocaine, methamphetamine) * history of use of dopaminergic drugs (including methylphenidate) * patients with a lifetime history of electroconvulsive therapy (ect)

Keywords: depression mri pet reward
arthroscopic shoulder surgery with administration of intravenous tranexamic acid

Conditions: Rotator Cuff Tears; Shoulder Arthorscopy Surgery; Surgical Blood Loss; Tranexamic Acid

Summary: purpose: the study aimed to determine whether intravenous administration of tanexamic acid (txa) before shoulder arthroscopic rotator cuff repair surgery can improve arthroscopy visual clarity. methods: this is a prospective, double-blinded, randomized and placebo-controlled study. from may 2016 to april 2018, patients requiring arthroscopic rotator cuff repair were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the txa group that received 1000mg tranexamic acid intravenously 10 minutes before surgery or the placebo group that received the same volume of plain saline. patients with pre-existing liver/renal disease, coagulopathy, or concurrent use of anti-coagulation medications were excluded. the visual clarity was rated by a numeric rating scale from grade 1(poor) to grade 3(clear) every 15 minutes throughout the surgery. secondary outcomes included estimated perioperative blood loss, operative time, degree of shoulder swelling, postoperative subjective pain score, inpatient duration and associated comorbidities were recorded. both parametric and nonparametric methods were used for statistical analysis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who were diagnosed with rotator cuff tear and failure of conservative treatment for more than 3 months. the tear size was measured by mri and must be repairable. exclusion criteria: * acute traumatic rotator cuff tear. * history of coagulopathy * under anticoagulation therapy before surgery * abnormal coagulation profile (prothrombin time or activated partial thromboplastin time) before surgery * renal or liver disorder * uncontrolled hypertension (baseline systolic pressure \&gt;180 mmhg) * allergy to local anesthetic agent or txa.

Keywords: tranexamic acid shoulder arthroscopy visual clarity hemostasis
surfactant nebulization for the early aeration of the preterm lung

Conditions: Preterm Birth; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Surfactant Deficiency Syndrome Neonatal

Summary: respiratory distress syndrome is the most common cause of respiratory failure in preterm infants. treatment consists of respiratory support and exogenous surfactant administration. commonly, surfactant is administered via an endotracheal tube during mechanical ventilation. however, mechanical ventilation is considered an important risk factor for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia. surfactant nebulisation during noninvasive ventilation may offer an alternative method for surfactant administration and has been shown to be promising in terms of physiological as well as clinical changes. in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome, the effect of intratracheally administered surfactant on lung function during invasive ventilation has been studied extensively. however, the effect of early postnatal surfactant nebulization remains unclear. therefore, the investigators plan to conduct a randomized controlled trial in order to investigate the effect of surfactant nebulization immediately after birth on early postnatal lung volume and short-term respiratory stability.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * inborn * gestational age at birth from 26 0/7 to 31 6/7 weeks * written informed consent exclusion criteria: * severe congenital malformation adversely affecting surfactant nebulisation or life expectancy * a priori palliative care * genetically defined syndrome
umbilical cord blood therapy for cerebral palsy

Conditions: Cerebral Palsy

Summary: this randomized controlled study aims to evaluate the efficacy of umbilical cord blood therapy for children with cerebral palsy.

cerebral palsy is a disorder of movement and posture resulted from a non-progressive lesion or injury of the immature brain. it is a leading cause of childhood onset disability. many experimental animal studies have revealed that umbilical cord blood is useful to repair neurological injury in brain. on the basis of many experimental studies, umbilical cord blood is suggested as a potential therapy for cerebral palsy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * cerebral palsy with abnormal muscle tone * gross motor function classification system (gmfcs): i, ii, iii, iv, v * willing to comply with all study procedure exclusion criteria: * medical instability including pneumonia or renal function at enrollment * presence of known genetic disease * presence of drug hypersensitivity which is related to this study remedy * poor cooperation of guardian,including inactive attitude for rehabilitation and visits for follow-up * decision by the principal investigator when there are unexpected events including brain surgery, that may affect the outcome

Keywords: cerebral palsy umbilical cord blood rehabilitation
effect of valsartan compared to enalapril on sitting systolic blood pressure in children with high blood pressure

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: the purpose of this 12-week active controlled trial is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of valsartan 80/160/320 mg (weight stratified) compared with enalapril 10/20/40 mg (weight stratified) on sitting systolic blood pressure (ssbp) in 6 - 17 year old children with hypertension (ssbp ≥ 95th percentile for age gender and height).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female, ages 6-17, with a documented history of hypertension * must be able to swallow a pill * must be ≥ 18 kg or ≤160 kg * mssbp (mean of 3 measurements) must be ≥ 95th percentile, for age, gender and height, at visit 2 (randomization), by office blood pressure measurement * patients who are eligible and able to participate in the study and whose parent(s)/guardian(s) consent in writing (written informed consent) to their doing so after the purpose and nature of the investigation has been clearly explained to them. (an assent will be required for some patients depending upon their age and local requirements regarding assents) exclusion criteria: * renal artery stenosis * current diagnosis of heart failure (nyha class ii-iv). * mssbp ≥ 25% above the 95th percentile * second or third degree heart block without a pacemaker. * concurrent potentially life threatening arrhythmia or symptomatic arrhythmia. * clinically significant valvular heart disease. * patient that demonstrates clinically significant ecg abnormalities other than those associated with left ventricular hypertrophy. * previous solid organ transplantation except renal, liver or heart transplantation. renal, liver or heart transplant must have occurred at least 6 months prior to enrollment. patient must be on stable doses of immunosuppressive therapy for 3 months and deemed clinically stable by the investigator. other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply

Keywords: children pediatrics high blood pressure hypertension valsartan enalapril
a study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of esk-001 in patients with plaque psoriasis

Conditions: Plaque Psoriasis

Summary: this is a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.

this study will consist of a 4 week screening period, 12 week treatment period, and a 4 week follow up period for a total of 20 weeks. each participant will be randomized to receive esk-001 or placebo daily for 12 weeks. an open label extension study will be available for those patients who complete the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * total body weight \>40 kg (88 lb) * men and woman age 18-75 * men and women must use highly effective methods of contraception for the entirety of the study exclusion criteria: * history of malignancy within the last 5 years * positive for hiv, hepatitis b or c * history of tuberculosis * diagnosis of non-plaque psoriasis * patients with qtcf \>450 msec (males) or \>470 msec (females) at screening * live vaccines
tvns effects on motivation in depression

Conditions: Major Depressive Disorder

Summary: attaining goals or rewards commonly entails response costs. in light of cost and benefits, how do participants decide what effort should be put in to give it a shot? figuratively, you may "go with your gut", but the literal contribution of the gut-brain axis in allocating effort is poorly understood to date. here, the investigators propose to investigate non-invasive transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation (tvns) as a potential modulator of energy metabolism and response vigor. since the neural mechanisms causing the diverse cognitive and behavioral effects of the stimulation remain largely elusive, the investigators will use computational modeling of instrumental behavior and determine the primary metabolic effects of the stimulation. the investigators hypothesize that tvns will lead to activation of afferent targets in the brain. in turn, the elicited brain activation is expected to mediate the cognitive effects of the stimulation. this may affect both sides of the utility equation because anti-depressive effects may correspond to boosting the benefit of effort whereas anti-nociceptive effects may reduce perceived costs of effort. collectively, dissecting the cognitive effects of non-invasive tvns in healthy individuals may facilitate the more widespread use as a treatment in mental disorders that are characterized by metabolic alterations such as depression.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 30 kg/m\^2 \> bmi \> 18.5 kg/m\^2 exclusion criteria: lifetime * brain injury * coronary heart disease and occurred apoplexy * schizophrenia * bipolar disorder * implants (e.g., cochlea implant) * asthma 12 month * severe substance use disorders (dsm-v), except tobacco * obessive compulsive disorder * somatic symptom disorder * eating disorder

Keywords: vagus nerve stimulation food reward anhedonia vigor reward learning mood
a prospective study, single-arm, multicentre, observational to evaluate safety and effectiveness of stent ultimaster tansei coronary stent in complex coronary lesions.

Conditions: Ischemic Heart Disease; Coronary Artery Disease

Summary: this prospective registry is intended to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the tansei stent.

this prospective registry is intended to analyze clinical outcomes in patients treated with tansei stent in patients with complex coronary lesions .

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age\> 18 years. * with indication of percutaneous revascularization. * complex coronary lesion defined as: * left main lesion and/or * lesion located at a major bifurcation (side branch \>2mm) and/or * lesion located in a small vessel (\<2.5 mm reference diameter by visual estimation) and/or * lesion length \> 35 mm * informed consent signed. exclusion criteria: * cardiogenic shock at the time of the pci(percutaneous coronary intervention). * life expectancy of the patient under 1 year. * patients included in other studies or clinical trials. * clinical decision that excludes the use of drug-eluting stents. * confirmed allergy to aspirin and / or thienopyridines.

Keywords: complex lesions
effects of hiv and hepatitis c virus on the brain

Conditions: HIV Infections; Hepatitis C

Summary: this study will determine the effects that hiv and hepatitis c virus have on thinking abilities and whether the viruses affect brain chemistry.

hepatitis c is a liver disease that is caused by the hepatitis c virus (hcv). it can be successfully treated with 6 to 12 months of medication in both hiv infected and hiv uninfected people. among hiv infected people, hcv infection is a common co-morbidity, and is more serious when it occurs in this population than others because it leads to liver damage more quickly. hiv is known to cause neurological deficits, and studies suggest that hcv may do so, as well. knowledge about how to treat these deficits, however, is limited. more information about the nature of the neurological problems and their causes is needed to develop effective treatments. this study will determine the effects that hiv and hcv have on thinking abilities, such as memory, attention, and problem-solving, and whether the viruses affect brain chemistry. participants in this 4-year, observational study will undergo a series of tests and interviews. participants may choose to complete all procedures over 2 days or three appointments. procedures will include a 20-minute medical interview, a 4-hour neuropsychological evaluation, a 5-minute functional ability questionnaire, blood and urine collection (approximately 15 minutes), and a 1-hour magnetic resonance imaging (mri) test of the head. the neuropsychological evaluation will test participants' memory, concentration, reasoning, and speed of thinking. all procedures will be completed over approximately 6 hours.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * cd4 count is greater than 200 * hepatitis c infected or uninfected * speaks english exclusion criteria: * currently receiving interferon treatment for hepatitis c * history of neurological illness * any psychotic spectrum disorder (e.g., schizophrenia or manic depression/bipolar disorder) * history of learning disability * history of head injury that entailed a loss of consciousness for more than 30 minutes * any metal in body

Keywords: hiv hcv treatment naive treatment experienced hiv and hcv coinfection
randomized study of the use of warfarin during pacemaker or icd implantation in patients requiring long term anticoagulation

Conditions: Bradycardia; Tachycardia; Atrial Fibrillation; Valvular Heart Disease

Summary: patients requiring long term anticoagulation often undergo transition of their warfarin to heparin in anticipation of invasive surgical procedures such as pacemaker or icd implantation. this may require inpatient hospitalization several days prior to and after the procedure, potentially increasing medical costs and patient inconvenience. patients undergoing such a process are initiated on heparin while their inrs drift to normal levels. immediately prior to surgery, heparin is discontinued and restarted several hours after the procedure. unfortunately, this process has resulted in a high incidence of surgical wound hematomas and other bleeding complications often requiring longer periods of discontinued anticoagulation or repeat surgical exploration. previous investigators have tried to reduce the incidence of wound hematomas by prolonging the time from surgical wound closure to the reinitiation of heparin. a small randomized trial demonstrated that there was no significant difference in the incidence of wound hematomas whether heparin was started 6 hours or 24 hours after surgery (j am coll cardiology 2000;35:1915-8). this has led many investigators to perform pacemaker and icd implantation without reversal of warfarin therapy. a recent retrospective observational study demonstrated that the incidence of wound hematomas in patients with an inr of 2.6 was no different than patients with an inr of 1.5 (pace 2004;27:358-60). furthermore, a more recent, larger retrospective observational study reported in abstract form at the recent heart rhythm society annual 2007 scientific meeting demonstrated that not only is performing pacemaker and icd implantations safe without reversing warfarin anticoagulation, but the incidence of wound hematomas is significantly smaller as compared to the strategy of reversing warfarin and initiating periprocedural heparin. given these findings, the hypothesis of this randomized study is that pacemaker and icd implantation while fully anticoagulated on warfarin therapy is safe. findings from this study will have significant implications on the clinical practice of pacemaker or icd implantation in this patient population given that no randomized study on this subject has been performed to date.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * scheduled for clinically indicated permanent pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator * currently on chronic warfarin therapy exclusion criteria: * unwilling to participate in trial

Keywords: bleeding anticoagulation pacemaker implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patients undergoing implantation of a pacemaker or defibrillator (icd)"
placebo-controlled, dose-escalation study of the safety of imo-2125 (immunomodulatory oligonucleotide) in hepatitis c-infected patients

Conditions: Hepatitis C

Summary: first-in-humans, phase 1, dose-escalation study with 4 dose levels of single-agent imo-2125.

first-in-humans, phase 1, dose-escalation study with 4 dose levels of single-agent imo-2125. patients will proceed through a screening period, treatment period, and follow-up period of approximately 4 months' duration. there will be 4 dose cohorts including active drug and placebo dosing.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hcv-positive * nonresponder to standard-dose pegylated interferon-α-2a or -α-2b in combination with standard-dose ribavirin exclusion criteria: * human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)or hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) * inadequate bone marrow, liver, and renal function * treatment with any ifn (interferon)-based or other experimental or antiviral therapies within 30 days * other significant medical diseases * known alcohol or drug abuse within the past 12 months

Keywords: hepatitis c unresponsive to pegylated interferon and ribavirin therapy hepatitis c virus
dry needling and spinal manipulation vs. conventional pt for lumbar spinal stenosis

Conditions: Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

Summary: the purpose of this research is to compare two different approaches for treating patients with lumbar spinal stenosis: electric dry needling and thrust manipulation versus impairment-based manual therapy, stretching, strengthening and electrothermal modalities. physical therapists commonly use all of these techniques to treat lumbar spinal stenosis. this study is attempting to find out if one treatment strategy is more effective than the other.

patients with lumbar spinal stenosis will be randomized to receive 1-2 treatment sessions per week for 6 weeks (up to 12 sessions total) of either: (1) electric dry needling and thrust manipulation or (2) impairment-based manual therapy, stretching, strengthening and electrothermal modalities

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. adult over the age of 50 years old that is able to read, write and speak english 2. symptoms of neurogenic claudication (pain in the buttock, thigh, or leg during ambulation that improves with rest) or radicular leg symptoms with associated neurological deficits on the physical examination for at least 12 weeks. 3. confirmatory imaging (i.e. magnetic resonance imaging (mri), computed tomography (ct), myelography, ultrasound or x-ray of either central or lateral (foraminal) lumbar spinal stenosis at one or more levels in the lumbar spine. exclusion criteria: 1. report of red flags to manual physical therapy to include: severe hypertension, infection, ankylosing spondylitis, neoplasm, uncontrolled diabetes, peripheral neuropathy, heart disease, stroke, chronic, ischemia, edema, severe varicosities, tumor, metabolic disease, prolonged steroid use, fracture, ra, osteoporosis, severe vascular disease, malignancy, etc. 2. severe vascular, pulmonary, or coronary artery disease limiting participation in exercise, to include a walking program (including presence of absolute contraindications to submaximal exercise testing) 3. severe degenerative stenosis with intractable pain and progressive neurological dysfunction 4. lumbar spinal stenosis not caused by degeneration 5. radiographic evidence of instability, degenerative spondylolisthesis, fracture or scoliosis of more than 15° 6. lumbar herniated disc diagnosis during the last 12 months. 7. previous lumbar surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis or instability (i.e. previous lumbar fusion, lumbar microdiscectomy, lumbar foraminotomy, lumbar laminectomy, etc.) 8. psychiatric disorder or cognitively impaired. 9. pregnancy