Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
optical biopsy for distal margin in low rectal cancer

Conditions: Rectal Cancer

Summary: this is a multi-center prospective randomized controlled study. in this study, the investigators will use confocal laser endomicroscopy to make real-time in vivo optical biopsy of distal margin in rectal cancer surgery and help surgeons to make surgical decision.the investigators also assess the accuracy of cle optical biopsy, compared with intra-operative frozen section.

in low rectal cancer surgery, how to select the precise dissection plane and optimal surgical procedure is an important challenge for surgeons. in current clinic, surgeons select dissection plane by a comprehensive judgment of pre-operative pelvis mri, colonoscopy and digital rectal examination, then through submitting the "doughnut" after cutting and anastomosis to intra-operative frozen section (ifs) to definite whether there is residual tumor in distal margin (dm). however, ifs can only make diagnosis using the tissue specimen in vitro and time-consuming. once the ifs confirm positive margin, it always means anal resection should be implemented to ensure radical treatment. therefore, if there is a real-time in situ examination method to evaluate dm in vivo, it will bring great benefits to both surgeons and patients. confocal laser endomicroscopy (cle) had been widely used in medical field to diagnose colorectal disease, but it is seldom applied in surgical filed especially in rectal cancer to make optical biopsy and help surgical decision-making. therefore, the investigators hypothesize that cle can real-time in situ evaluate dm during surgery in rectal cancer and its accuracy is non-inferior to intra-operative frozen section. in this study, the investigators will randomly assign patients to the experimental group (cle optical biopsy) and control group (ifs). using h-e staining pathological diagnosis as golden standard, the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of both cle optical biopsy and ifs will be evaluated and compared. and the investigators will also evaluate patients' postoperative urinary function, defection function and quality of life through a year follow-up.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ages from 18 to 70 years. * rectal tumor confirmed pathologically by endoscopic biopsy. * the distance from lower edge of tumor to the dentate line is less than 5cm. * plan to perform curative resection. * asa(american society of anesthesiology)score class i,ii,or iii. * able to provide written informed consent. exclusion criteria: * intestinal perforation or acute intestinal obstruction. * multiple distant metastasis and can not r0 resection. * t4b according to the american joint committee on cancer (ajcc) cancer staging manual seventh edition. * pregnancy or breastfeeding. * impaired renal function * american society of anesthesiology score (asa) class iv or v. * unable or refuse to provide written informed consent.

Keywords: rectal cancer distal margin confocal laser endomicroscopy real-time in vivo optical biopsy
nutritional management of post covid-19 cognitive symptoms

Conditions: Long COVID

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to learn about in brain "fog" complaints associated with long-covid in people aged 22-50-years. the main questions it aims to answer are: * the natural course of brain "fog" complaints * the effect, if any of supplemental dietary oil on brain "fog" complaints participants will be asked to undergo some brain testing (x-rays and questions. treatments they'll be given will be one of two supplemental oils to consume daily. researchers will compare outcomes in the two different oil groups to see if it has any effect on brain "fog" complaints.

randomized placebo-control clinical trial comparing two types of nutritional oil and evaluating the impact, if any, on subjective complaints of long-covid cognitive changes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * confirmed covid infection, at least 3 months previously, with ongoing cognitive complaints * all other medical conditions stable, and on stable doses of medications (if required) exclusion criteria: * covid infection not confirmed by pcr or rapid test * unable to speak english * pre-covid cognitve complaints, and/or medical diagnoses affecting cognitive function

Keywords: brain fog; confusion; memory loss; functional decline
the effect of cigarette smoking / smoking cessation on skeletal muscle mass, strength and functional capabilities

Conditions: Smoking Cessation; Body Composition, Beneficial; Muscle Weakness

Summary: tobacco smoke is probably the single most significant source of toxic chemicals that humans are exposed to. smoking is associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. in addition to the known harmful effects of cigarette smoking, several epidemiological studies identified tobacco use as a risk factor for sarcopenia, the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength with advancing age. previous studies examined skeletal muscles of smokers in comparison with muscles of non-smokers and found structural and metabolic damage in muscles of smokers. quitting of smoking is known to be associated with weight gain. a previous study examined the effects of smoking cessation on body composition of post-menopausal women using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (dexa). it was found that women who successfully quit smoking for a period of 16 months have significantly increased their body weight, fat mass, muscle mass and functional muscle mass in comparison with non-quitters women. for the first time, it was shown that smoking cessation is associated with an increase of functional muscle mass. yet, the effects of quitting of smoking on muscle mass and muscle functional capabilities of younger subjects remain unclear. therefore, we aim to investigate the effects of smoking cessation on muscle mass, muscle function and strength in heavy smoker's subjects. our findings may shed light on the beneficial effects of smoking cessation regarding the status and function of skeletal muscle in heavy smokers and as a possible strategy to prevent or delay the progression of sarcopenia. research hypothesis: smoking cessation among adult heavy smokers will lead to increase in skeletal muscle mass and improvement of muscle function and strength compared with continued smokers.

body composition and muscle function were assessed at the beginning of a smoking cessation program and again after 12 months. changes in body composition and muscle function were compared between continued smokers and quitters.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy men and women between the ages of 18-65 * heavy smokers (smoking more than 15 cigarettes per day) * taking part in smoking cessation support group at "clalit health services", haifa and western galilee district exclusion criteria: * medical conditions affecting skeletal muscle metabolism or function. * use of corticosteroids or any other medication or nutritional supplement affecting skeletal muscle * consuming more than two alcoholic drinks per day
incidence of infection and mortality by covid-19 in specialists

Conditions: Covid19; Health Care Associated Infection; Infection, Coronavirus; Death

Summary: in this current study the researchers aim to identify the total number of infections and deaths due to covid-19 and distinguish which are the risk factors most related to covid-19 infections and deaths in medical personnel in mexico.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * active physicians and medical students who have had contact with patients infected by covid-19 * active physicians and medical students who have been infected by covid-19 exclusion criteria: * members of the general population * inactive physicians or medical students * incomplete surveys
radiation free study

Conditions: Aortic Aneurysm

Summary: this is a prospective, randomized, unblinded, multi-center study. sites were selected from different geographies (eu and us) with different clinical practice to ensure the results are more generalizable. primary objective is to demonstrate that the average procedure fluoroscopy time using lumiguide is lower compared to conventional fluoroscopy guidance in fenestrated endovascular aortic repair (fevar)


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject will be undergoing a primary fenestrated endovascular aortic repair (fevar) procedure (including subjects with prior infrarenal evar or open repair) that includes the incorporation of visceral arteries into the repair. * subject is able to give informed consent and is 18 years of age or older, or of legal age to give informed consent per state or national law. * subject has a life expectancy of at least 2 years * target vessels to be included are the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery and renal arteries exclusion criteria: * subjects undergoing an endovascular procedure that include branches or iliac branched devices (ibd) in the repair * subject treated for re-intervention / staged procedure post-primary fevar procedure * subjects intended to be treated for more than 4 target vessels (not counting the contralateral gate) * subject treated for an emergent (\<24hrs after emergence) procedure * subject with connective tissue disorder eg, marfan's or ehlers danlos syndrome * subject with contrast allergies * subject participates in a potentially confounding drug or device trial during the course of the study. co-enrollment in concurrent trials may be allowed provided that pre-approval is obtained from philips. * all vulnerable subjects such as immuno-compromised subjects, subjects lacking the capacity to provide consent, patients in emergency situations, pregnant or breast-feeding women, or any other subject who meets an exclusion criteria, according to applicable national laws, if any. * subject unwilling or unable to comply with the protocol unable to understand verbal and/or written informed consent
pentoxifylline in treatment of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Conditions: NASH - Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

Summary: the aim of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pentoxifylline in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients.

nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(nash) is the progressive form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld), is characterized by hepatocellular damage, inflammation, and liver fibrosis that can progress to cirrhosis, in 25% of patients, nafld progresses to nash, which increases the risk for the development of cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. in patients with nash, liver fibrosis is the main determinant of mortality. pentoxifylline (ptx) is a xanthine derivative drug with a wide range of actions at the cellular and molecular level. ptx possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities. ptx have potential role in improvement of nash . also, ptx inhibits a number of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor (tnf-α ) which play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of nash.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. aged between 18- 60 years old. 2. both sexes 3. patients who have nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (nash) will be diagnosed by 1. clinical examination (obese, high body mass index). 2. radiological criteria of fatty liver (abdominal ultrasonography). 3. laboratory investigation (elevated liver enzymes aspartate transaminase (ast), alanine transaminase (alt). 4. the ability to give informed consent 5. appropriate exclusion of other liver diseases exclusion criteria: 1- patients with other diagnosed chronic liver diseases as viral hepatitis, metabolic and genetic disorders as hemochromatosis, wilson disease, autoimmune hepatitis and drug induced liver disease as well as patients with recent infection and those who refused to be entitled in the study. 2. patients will be excluded if they had a history of past excessive alcohol drinking for a period longer than 2 years at any time in the past 10 years. 3. patients also will be excluded if they take medications known to cause steatosis or taking medications that have shown benefits in previous nash pilot studies, including vitamin e, , thiazolidinedione, and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. 4. patients with a history of hypersensitivity to ptx or the methylxanthines (caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine) will be excluded, as well as those with a history of cerebral
head and neck cancer in children: a retrospective study

Conditions: Head and Neck Neoplasms; Cancer of Head and Neck; Cancer of the Head and Neck; Head and Neck Cancer; Neoplasms, Head and Neck

Summary: the aim of the study is to identify demographic characteristics, various histopathologies, and site preferences for each disease entity of malignant head and neck tumors in pediatric oncology patients \& treatment outcomes in these patients, according to experience at south egypt cancer institute which is the largest referral site in upper egypt.

background: although head and neck masses represent a common entity in children, malignancy is uncommon. only very limited data are available in the literature on the incidence of childhood cancer of the head and neck worldwide. data from the united states national cancer institute database suggest that the head and neck are involved in 12 % of all childhood malignancies. the most common pediatric head and neck malignancies include non hodgkin lymphomas, hodgkin lymphomas, rhabdomyosarcomas, thyroid malignancies, nasopharyngeal carcinomas (npcs), salivary gland malignancies, and neuroblastomas. patients \& methods: a hospital-based study, involving pediatric cancer patients, those diagnosed with malignant tumors of the head \& neck, in the period from 2001 january till 2015 december, and received treatment at the pediatric oncology department, their medical records will be retrospectively reviewed for data collection. clinico-laboratory data for each hisopathologic disease entity of various head \& neck malignancies will be gathered. the demographic distribution for each disease entity in accordance with gender \& age, and site preferences in these disease entities will be recorded. treatment received \& treatment outcomes will be verified and absolute frequencies \& relative incidence of these disease entities will be calculated.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients whose age less than 19 years. * patients diagnosed with a primary malignant tumor of the head \& neck. exclusion criteria: * patients whose age more than 18 years. * patients diagnosed with a malignant disease primarily arising from the bone marrow. * patients diagnosed with tumors of the central nervous system. * patients diagnosed with retinoblastoma.

Keywords: childhood cancer head and neck tumors pediatric oncology
partnership for glaucoma

Conditions: Glaucoma

Summary: the purpose of this study is to develop new ways of assisting patients with glaucoma and their eye doctors in using the recommendations from practice guidelines.

glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness and visual impairment in the united states, particularly among disadvantaged populations. despite the presence of therapies proven in nei, randomized controlled trials that can be delivered by more than 18,000 ophthalmologists and 34,000 optometrists, almost nothing is known about the content and quality of glaucoma care delivered by non-md providers such as optometrists. with the numbers of people with glaucoma expected to more than double in the next twenty years in the face of no more than a 15% increase in the supply of eye care providers, methods to better support appropriate and high-quality care for chronic eye diseases such as glaucoma delivered by optometrists will become as critical, if not more so, as techniques to enhance quality care among ophthalmologists. our study is a community-based, randomized, controlled trial that evaluates the suitability and effectiveness of a technology-based (tablet computer) intervention within the context of a novel partnership between optometrists and patients with glaucoma to improve the process quality of care and ultimately outcomes of care. by using successfully implemented technology in novel applications,and by building on the success of ongoing community-based quality improvement projects in our region, the study provides a means for rapid translation into community care if the intervention is successful.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: -diagnosis of open angle glaucoma with documented visual field loss.

Keywords: glaucoma optometrists
a comparison of endoscopic ultrasound insertion methods

Conditions: Throat Pain After EUS Insertion

Summary: endoscopic ultrasonography (eus) is an essential technique required in diagnosis of pancreatobiliary diseases. in previous studies, 6% of patients who undergone eus had significant throat pain. (nrs scale 5 or greater) although some endoscopists think balloon inflation while eus insertion could result in decreased throat damage and pain, there is no data to back up. we designed a single center randomized pilot study to compare throat pain caused by eus insertion with conventional vs balloon inflation method.

all patients who are undergoing eus with radial type echoendoscope will be asked for an informed consent. subjects will be randomized to conventional insertion arm and balloon inflated insertion arm. all patients will be sedated according to snuh endoscopy center protocol. conventional insertion will be done in conventional insertion group, and balloon inflation before the start of procedure will be done in balloon inflated insertion arm. after the eus procedure is finished, subject will be moved to a recovery room. as soon as the subject is recovered from sedation, throat pain will be assessed in nrs scale and be recoreded. information of insertion failure and balloon damage during insertion will be also collected.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged from 20 to 80 * patients undergoing eus with radial echoendoscope exclusion criteria: * refuse to participate the study * refuse eus procedure

Keywords: endoscopic ultrasonography
effects of intranasal oxytocin in patients with central diabetes insipidus

Conditions: Central Diabetes Insipidus

Summary: this is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover pilot study of single-dose intranasal oxytocin (4 iu and 24 iu) in 18-60-year-old men and women with central diabetes insipidus to evaluate the effect of oxytocin on anxiety, depression and socioemotional functioning. following a screening visit to determine eligibility, participants will return for three main study visits. during the main study visits, study participants will receive either oxytocin or placebo, followed by assessments of emotional behavior. thirty participants will be equally randomized to one of six possible drug orders: 1. 4 iu oxytocin - 24 iu oxytocin - placebo 2. 4 iu oxytocin - placebo - 24 iu oxytocin 3. 24 iu oxytocin - 4 iu oxytocin - placebo 4. 24 iu oxytocin - placebo - 4 iu oxytocin 5. placebo - 4 iu oxytocin - 24 iu oxytocin 6. placebo - 24 iu oxytocin - 4 iu oxytocin


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * central diabetes insipidus (based on routine clinical practice, e.g., clinical symptoms, serum and urinary sodium and osmolality levels or the water deprivation test) * normal ft4 or t4 * stable hormone replacement (no change in dose of hormone replacement in six weeks prior to baseline) exclusion criteria: * active substance use disorder within the last 6 months * history of psychosis * current suicidal ideation * medication changes within 4 weeks of enrollment or during the study * history of cardiac disease, including arrhythmias, coronary heart disease, coronary artery spasms, valvular heart disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (hypertension is not exclusionary) * hyponatremia * creatinine \>1.5mg/dl. * alt or ast \>2.5x upper limit of normal * hematocrit less than 2% below the norm * pregnancy or breastfeeding within the last 8 weeks * unwilling to use a medically acceptable form of contraception throughout the study period (female of child-bearing potential only) * received an investigational drug or medical device in the past 30 days or within 5 half-lives of main study visit or be concurrently enrolled in another investigational product clinical trial. * any significant illness or condition that the investigator determines could interfere with study participation, data collection, or safety

Keywords: hypopituitarism posterior pituitary oxytocin psychopathology anxiety depressive symptoms socioemotional functioning
strataxrt vs. standard clinical practice in the prevention and treatment of radiation dermatitis

Conditions: Radiation Dermatitis

Summary: current clinical practice for preventing and treating radiation dermatitis across queensland (qld) health radiation oncology departments involves the application of aqueous cream daily to the skin of the treatment site, commencing from day 1 of ebrt. the primary aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of strataxrt when compared to current clinical practice in preventing and managing radiation dermatitis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with cancer undergoing a curative course of radiation therapy using standard protocols to the following cancer sites: * head and neck cancers receiving \>= 60gy who are not receiving concurrent cetuximab * intact breast receiving \>= 40gy (includes patients receiving boost fields using photon or elections) * post-mastectomy chest wall (breast cancer diagnosis only) receiving \>= 50gy * gynaecological cancers requiring whole pelvis irradiation receiving \>= 45gy * skin cancers to the axilla/groin regions receiving \>= 40gy * male and female patients \>18 years of age * patients who do not have a known allergy to silicon * patients who are able to attend the four post-treatment weekly skin assessment appointments exclusion criteria: ineligible participants are patients undergoing a course of curative radiation therapy: * who are participating in another interventional study * with an allergy to product content (standard or strataxrt) * with an existing skin rash, ulceration or open wound in the treatment area * with a pre-existing systemic skin disease (dermatological conditions, connective tissue disorders) * who have had previous radiation therapy to the current treatment area * who are on immuno-suppression drugs
a long-term extension study of jnj-81201887 (aavcagscd59) parent studies in participants with geographic atrophy (ga) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (amd)

Conditions: Geographic Atrophy; Macular Degeneration

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the long-term safety and tolerability after an intravitreal injection (a shot of medicine into the eye) of jnj-81201887 administered in parent clinical studies.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants who were enrolled and received treatment with jnj-81201887 or sham in a parent clinical study (81201887mdg2001, 81201887mdg1003) * females (women of childbearing potential), male participants, and partners of male participants will not be required to use contraception in this lte study * must sign an informed consent form (icf) indicating that participant understands the purpose of, and procedures required for, the study and is willing to participate in the study. the icf may be signed by an impartial witness and/or legally designated representative depending on national/local regulations exclusion criteria: * there are no exclusion criteria for this lte study