Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
ros signaling in endothelial function

Conditions: Cardiovascular Disease

Summary: the vascular endothelium (inner lining of cells in blood vessels) normally prevents vasospasm and thrombosis by producing nitric oxide and other regulatory substances. in patients with atherosclerosis, endothelial function is impaired. excess production of reactive oxygen species (free radicals) contribute to endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis, and some prior studies have shown a beneficial effect of antioxidant treatment on endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease. on the other hand, reactive oxygen species may be required for normal endothelial function and antioxidant supplements failed to show a benefit in large clinical trials. the effect of antioxidant treatment on endothelial function in healthy subjects is unknown. the present study will test the hypothesis that scavenging reactive species might reduce endothelium-dependent vasodilation in healthy subjects. the study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. participants will receive 2.4 grams of oral nac or similar-appearing placebo during the first visit, and then will cross over to the alternative treatment (nac or placebo) for the second and final visit. we will examine endothelial function before and after treatment on each visit.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. sex: male and female subjects. 2. age range: 21-65 years old. 3. disease status: no acute, chronic, or debilitating medical condition or use of prescribed medications. 4. willingness and ability to provide written informed consent and the ability to understand, to participate and to comply with the study requirements. exclusion criteria: 1. women with a positive urine beta hcg pregnancy test and lactating women. 2. blood pressure greater than 140/90 mmhg; serum ldl cholesterol greater than 160 mg/dl; fasting blood sugar greater than 110 mg/dl. 3. history of any cigarette smoking within one year of the study. 4. clinical history of any acute, chronic, or debilitating medical condition, including liver disease and peptic ulcer disease. 5. treatment with an investigational new drug within the last 30 days. 6. history of a psychological illness or condition such as to interfere with the subject's ability to understand the requirements of the study.

Keywords: endothelium cell signaling n-acetylcysteine reactive oxygen species
nutritional status and mental health during pregnancy and postpartum: a cohort study in rio de janeiro, brazil

Conditions: Pregnancy

Summary: there is increasing evidence that psychosocial factors may affect health by means of biological effects and changes in behavioral health. observational studies suggest an association between low levels of one long chain n-3 fatty acids, dha (docosahexaenoic acid), after pregnancy and the occurrence of postpartum depression (ppd). this is an observational cohort with 4 waves of follow-up and a nested clinical trial with pregnant women residing in the city of rio de janeiro. the general objective is to describe the magnitude and identify factors associated to common mental disorders (cmd) during pregnancy and postpartum giving emphasis to maternal nutritional status. main specific objectives: 1. to evaluate the effect of cmd in the pattern of occurrence of selected maternal and child outcomes (inadequacy of gestational weight gain, postpartum weight retention, low birthweight, small for gestational weight and prematurity), considering the effect of other determinant factors, and 2. to evaluate the effectiveness of daily omega-3 doses (fish oil) in preventing ppd.

the protocol predicts cmd mapping and monitoring of nutritional status throughout pregnancy and once in postpartum. women are interviewed in four time points: 1. first trimester: 8th and 13th (baseline), 2. second trimester: 22nd-24th gestational weeks, 3. third trimester: 34th-36th gestational weeks, 4. postpartum: 30-45 days the following information will be gathered: 1. common mental disorders (cmd): mini international neuropsychiatric interview, symptoms of depression (edinburgh scale - epds), anxiety (trait anxiety inventory - tai) 2. dietary intake (food frequency questionnaire) 3. anthropometric measure (stature and body weight) and physical activity 4. biochemicals: fasting glucose, lipid profile (total cholesterol, hdl-c, ldl-c), serum fatty acid composition, inflammatory markers (c-reactive protein, interleukin-6), hormones (adiponectin, insulin, leptin). all women are followed throughout pregnancy constituting the observational cohort. in the second trimester, those women identified as being in risk for ppd \[past history of depression (dsm-iv) or presenting a score of depression (edinburgh scale) \>= 9 at the baseline interview\] are invited to participate in the clinical trial. these women will be randomly allocated in two groups: intervention 1: fish oil: \[1,8 g/dia n-3 (1,08 g epa e 0,72 g dha)+ vit e (0,2 mg/g) intervention 2: placebo comparator: soybean oil + 1% fish oil + vit e (0,2 mg/g) the supplementation occurs from the 22nd-24th week of pregnancy for 16 weeks.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 20 to 40 * up to 13 weeks of pregnancy * free from chronic or infectious diseases (except obesity) * residing in the study catchment area exclusion criteria: - twin pregnancies

Keywords: nutritional status mental health omega-3 pregnancy postpartum depression
a new neuraxial position technique " the anatolian sitting position- sitting fetal cross-legged"

Conditions: Anesthesia, Conduction

Summary: a prosperous neuraxial anesthesia positioning ensures a raised chance of successful needle placement. the primary aim is to compare "the anatolian sitting position-asp" with "the sitting fetal position-sfp" sonographically. secondary aim is to compare their comfort.

fifty participants were included to this prospective, randomized, consecutive controlled clinical study. six parameters were evaluated in each position; subcutaneous tissue (st), skin to spinous process (s-sp), transverse diameters of bilateral paraspinal muscles (left paraspinal muscle \[lpm\] and right paraspinal muscle \[rpm\]), interspinous gap opening (isgo), mean of bilateral paraspinal muscles (mpm). the change of every measurement recorded via ultrasonography (usg) according to the positioning techniques (the anatolian sitting position \[asp\] could also be named as "sitting fetal cross-legged position" and the sitting fetal position \[sfp\] which is a traditional sitting position) were also calculated. the calculations are explained briefly in primary outcomes (including the change of asp-sfp in st, s-sp, lpm, rpm, mpm, isgo). stretcher comfort (sc), position comfort (pc), lumbar comfort (lc), and abdominal comfort (ac) were evaluated by the participants with the 5-point numerical rating scale (nrs).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healty and adult volunteers, * must be able to do the sitting fetal cross-legged position ( asp ), * must be able to do the sitting fetal position ( sfp ). exclusion criteria: * bmi higher than 40, * lumbar hernia, * scoliosis, * history of spine surgery, * history of trauma, * history of lower back pain, * arthropathy {especially pelvic or knee problems}, * could not be able to do one or both of the two neuraxial position techniques.

Keywords: neuraxial anesthesia positioning technique anatolian sitting position sitting cross-legged position sitting fetal position ultrasonography numerical rating scale
faculty and students' attitude toward e-learning

Conditions: E Learning; Medical Education

Summary: e-learning in medical education is a relatively new idea that is rapidly growing. this study aimed to assess the students and faculty staff attitude for e-learning at the emergence of covid-19. a prospective cross-sectional online survey based on google form was conducted at a medical university in iraq between march and april 2020

e learning provides education at a generally lower cost and engages learners at a time and location that is most appropriate for them. recent calls for reform in medical education and training have emphasized the use of information technology-empowered learning. this was enhanced more in the covid-19 era . some international organizations, such as the world health organization (who), have acknowledged e-learning as a helpful tool for healthcare education, particularly in developing countries. nevertheless, the use of e-learning by the faculty members and students stayed minimum for uploading lecture notes, course books, feedbacks, and providing marks until the covid-19 pandemic raised that need. this study aimed to evaluate faculty and students' knowledge and attitudes toward e-learning at the emergence of covid-19 and identify the potential requirements for implementing e-learning. an online survey was distributed to a sample of 190 faculty and 1706 students of a medical university in iraq. knowledge and attitudes towards e-learning were studied

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * undergraduate students faculty staff working in hawler medical university exclusion criteria: * faculty staff who are on leave for study or health purpose

Keywords: medical education e-learning covid-19 students' attitude facultys' attitude
a dyadic telehealth program for alzheimer's patients/caregivers

Conditions: Sleep

Summary: this study aims to refine and evaluate feasibility of a telehealth intervention for persons with alzheimer's disease and their caregivers. the intervention will use evidence-based techniques for decreasing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and poor sleep, that are commonly reported among this vulnerable group during the covid-19 pandemic. improved symptoms among this group may improve their other health outcomes and quality of life and furthermore the quality of care that caregivers provide for persons with alzheimer's disease during this challenging time.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: inclusion criteria for patients * have a diagnosis of ad (probable or possible), other related dementia, or mild cognitive impairment as documented in electronic medical record * community-dwelling * aged \> 50 years * have no previously diagnosed sleep disorders (e.g., sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome) * able to ambulate with or without assistive devices (i.e., dyads will be excluded if the care recipient is bedbound) * have an eligible caregiver inclusion criteria for caregivers * aged \>18 years * live with the eligible patient * have regularly assisted the care recipient with \>1 of 7 basic activities of daily living (adls; i.e., eating, dressing/undressing, grooming, walking across a room, getting in and out of bed, bathing, toileting) or \>1 of 7 instrumental adl (iadls; i.e., using the telephone, getting to places beyond walking distance, shopping, preparing meals, doing housework, taking medicine, handling money) for the past 6 months * have no history of cognitive impairment * can communicate in english. exclusion criteria: -professional caregivers will be excluded. patients will be excluded if they are bedbound. if the eligibility criteria for either a patient or a caregiver are not met, their dyads will be excluded for this study

Keywords: dementia caregivers covid-19 pandemic
infections with enterobacteria producing carbapenemases at the university hospitals of strasbourg

Conditions: Nfections, Enterobacterial

Summary: infections with enterobacteria producing carbapenemases at the university hospitals of strasbourg - descriptive epidemiology and risk factors for infection in the event of colonization there is a worrying situation of an increase in the number of patients colonized with carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (cpe) at hus. 7 to 15% of patients colonized with epc would develop an infection with epc. the cohorts published mainly concern patients hospitalized in intensive care. the associated mortality reported in the literature is high (\> 25%) and greater than that associated with infection with the same bacterium sensitive to carbapenems.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * major subject (≥18 years old) * subject hospitalized at hus between 01/01/2011 and 07/31/2021 * clinical sample or rectal screening smear finding an enterobacterium producing a carbapenemase (epc) * subject not having expressed their opposition to participating in the study exclusion criteria: * subject having expressed opposition to participating in the study * subject under guardianship or guardianship * subject under safeguard of justice

Keywords: nfections, enterobacterial carbapenemases producers of a carbapenemase
real-time intervention for suicide risk reduction

Conditions: Suicide, Attempted; Suicide and Self-harm

Summary: the goal of this study is to provide an initial pilot test of an ecological momentary intervention (emi) designed the reduce the distress associated with negative emotion among individuals at risk for suicide that pairs content from a smartphone with a wearable physiological monitor. participants will be 25 suicidal adult inpatients who will complete three brief therapy sessions with a study therapist and then complete exercises associated with the study for the duration of the inpatient period and for 28 days after they leave the hospital.

the goal of this study is to provide an initial pilot test of an ecological momentary intervention (emi) designed the reduce the distress associated with negative emotion among individuals at risk for suicide that pairs content from a smartphone with a wearable physiological monitor. participants will be 25 suicidal adult inpatients who will complete three brief therapy sessions with a study therapist and then complete exercises associated with the study for the duration of the inpatient period and for 28 days after they leave the hospital. during the time they are in the study, participants will be asked to install on their smartphone a mobile application to deliver the therapeutic content and will wear a physiological monitoring device on their wrist (empatica embrace) which will monitor objective signals of physiological distress (e.g., skin conductance).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a recent suicide attempt or serious suicidal ideation (i.e., ideation with at least 70% intent or a suicide plan with access to lethal means), * the ability to speak and write english fluently, access to an internet-capable smartphone (e.g., an iphone or android phone) * providing at least one collateral contact in cases where the investigators cannot reach the participant. exclusion criteria: * the presence of any factor that impairs an individual's ability to comprehend and effectively participate in the study including: * an inability to speak or write english fluently * the presence of gross cognitive impairment due to florid psychosis, intellectual disability, dementia, or acute intoxication. * the presence of extremely agitated or violent behavior.

Keywords: ecological momentary assessment ecological momentary intervention distress
polyurethan versus non-polyurethan covered implants in combination with radiotherapy

Conditions: Mastectomy; Lymphedema; Breast Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this multicenter retrospective cohort study is to determine the effect of radiotherapy on capsular contraction and implant loss rates in patients undergoing prepectoral immediate implant-based breast reconstruction (ibbr) comparing polyurethan (pu) and non-pu covered implants.

breast cancer affects 2.6 million women worldwide annually, with surgery as the standard treatment for 95% of cases. rising mastectomy rates, due to advanced diagnostic tools and patient preferences, make immediate breast reconstruction crucial for improving quality of life for around 650,000 women each year. prepectoral implant-based breast reconstruction (ibbr) has become a preferred approach due to advancements like synthetic meshes, acellular dermal matrices (adm), and polyurethane (pu) covered implants, which show promise in reducing complications such as capsular contracture, implant loss, and breast animation deformities. radiotherapy (rt), however, increases these risks, especially for capsular contracture, underscoring the need for strategies to mitigate such outcomes. this multicenter retrospective cohort study will investigate the impact of radiotherapy on complications such as capsular contracture and implant loss in patients with breast cancer who underwent mastectomy and prepectoral ibbr. the study will compare outcomes between pu and non-pu covered implants using data from approximately 30 international sites. patient information will be extracted from hospital records, coded for confidentiality, and analyzed statistically to achieve the study's objectives of improving post-reconstruction outcomes and quality of life for patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with signed general consent or study specific consent form * patients with confirmed diagnosis of primary or recurrent breast cancer * patients undergoing nipple - or skin-sparing mastectomy with prepectoral ibbr (all types of implants, with or without mesh, all types of biologic and synthetic mesh, one- or two- stage) in the setting of pmrt (or any type or rt before reconstruction) between 2016 and 2022. * patients undergoing two-stage ibbr with radiotherapy to the expander before reconstruction with implant. * patients with recurrent breast cancer after breast conserving surgery and radiotherapy. * follow up must be at least 2 years after ibbr. * patients aged 18 and above will be eligible for inclusion. exclusion criteria: * patients who have explicitly refused the further use of their data through a consent declaration. * patients undergoing subpectoral ibbr or autologous reconstruction as initial type of reconstruction. * no radiotherapy.

Keywords: immediate implant-based breast reconstruction (ibbr) postmastectomy radiotherapy (pmrt) polyurethan covered implant
evaluation of green tea for improving blood lipid profile

Conditions: Hypercholesterolemia

Summary: the objects of this study are to evaluate the effects of the "heysong japanese green tea" on the human subjects who are dyslipidemia. in this trial, 40 healthy subjects whose ages are 18\~65 years old (20 for placebo and 20 for experimental) will be included. the total experiment will be 16 weeks and the intervention period will be 12 weeks, within which, at wk 0, 2, 8, 14 and 16, serum triglyceride (tg), total cholesterol (tc), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-c) values would be measured. urine/feces samples and anthropometric data will also be acquired. the results will be analyzed according to the methods published by the ministry of health and welfare of taiwan food and drug administration.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and female. age between 18-65 years old. * those who have been assessed as dyslipidemia by a family physician but have not yet required medication. the following measurement values were used as evaluation criteria: 1. hypercholesterolemia: plasma total cholesterol (tc) \>200 mg/dl; 2. mixed hyperlipidemia: plasma total cholesterol (tc) \>200 mg/dl , triglyceride (tg) \>200 mg/dl; 3. hypertriglyceridemia: plasma triglyceride (tg) \>200 mg/dl, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c) \ 5. exclusion criteria: * pregnant, breastfeeding, menopausal women. * take any drugs or supplements that can affect blood lipid levels 2 weeks before or during the experiment. * people with intolerance to caffeine or green tea. * people who take drugs for chronic diseases. * people who smoke or drink alcohol.

Keywords: green tea cholesterol triglyceride blood lipid
study of probiotic use after childbirth in relation to emotional well-being

Conditions: Mental Health Wellness

Summary: researchers at massachusetts general hospital are interested in learning more about the neurobiology of well-being in new mothers and novel ways to support them during their transition to parenthood. this study aims to evaluate well-being in new mothers and their infant and the impact of a probiotic dietary supplement on the gut microbiome. this study hopes to help improve the existing knowledge of maternal postnatal health.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria 1. able and willing to give written informed consent 2. expectant mothers with singleton infant or mothers who have recently given birth to a singleton infant 3. at least 18 years of age 4. at risk for postpartum depression as defined: a hx of depression and/or, a hx of postpartum depression and/or by a prenatal epds score ≥ 8 exclusion criteria: 1. has active substance abuse in the past 6 months or a history of opioid use disorder 2. has diabetes mellitus except for diet controlled gestational diabetes 3. has uncontrolled thyroid disease 4. has inflammatory gastrointestinal disease 5. has active suicidal ideation 6. has a history of psychosis 7. has a history of an autism spectrum disorder 8. plans to take other probiotics (other than study product) during study participation 9. plans to take systemic hormonal contraception during study participation (note: intra-uterine device is allowed) 10. is receiving any systemically administered immunosuppressant medication on a chronic basis 11. has a clinically significant or uncontrolled concomitant illness or condition that would put the subject at risk or jeopardize the objectives of the study 12. has a contraindication, sensitivity, or known allergy to any ingredient of the study product 13. is considered, in the opinion of the principal investigator (pi), to likely be a poor attendee or unlikely for any reason to be able to comply with the study procedures

Keywords: gut microbiome postpartum depression oxytocin socio-emotional functioning probiotic
correlation and clinical utility of urinary biomarker in membranous glomerulonephritis

Conditions: Membranous Nephropathy

Summary: to assess the correlation of these urinary biomarkers with the serum sample and evaluated the clinical utility of using urinary sample in the detection and prognostication of mgn. fifty patients with newly diagnosed biopsy proven mgn would be recruited and followed up for 1 years. serum and urinary biomarkers would be collected every 4 months and their antibody titres measured with elisa assay.

the uses of phospholipase a2 receptor and thrombospondin domain containing 7a antibodies have transformed the management of membranous glomerulonephritis (mgn). however, these are mostly based on serum and the utility of urinary biomarkers are yet to be established. the aim of this study is to assess the correlation of these urinary biomarkers with the serum sample and evaluated the clinical utility of using urinary sample in the detection and prognostication of mgn. fifty patients with newly diagnosed biopsy proven mgn would be recruited and followed up for 1 years. serum and urinary biomarkers would be collected every 4 months and their antibody titres measured with elisa assay. the primary outcome would be the correlation of the urinary biomarkers with the corresponding serum markers. the secondary outcome would be the correlation of the urinary biomarkers with clinical parameters such as the slope of egfr decline, composite renal events such as time to need for renal replacement therapy or renal death and response to treatments. by establishing the clinical correlation of these urinary biomarkers, the use of such biomarkers would be a more attractive option given its non-invasive nature and conveniences as compared to serum samples.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * newly diagnosed biopsy proven primary membranous glomerulonephritis exclusion criteria: * secondary causes of membranous nephropathy, e.g. lupus nephritis, viral hepatitis b and c and malignancy

Keywords: glomerulonephritis