Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
comparative effectiveness of unilateral vs. bilateral pulmonary collapse in cardiac de-airing

Conditions: Brain Ischemia; Reduction of Cerebral Air Emboli

Summary: to compare the effectiveness of unilateral pulmonary collapse (right lung) to bilateral pulmonary collapse for cardiac de-airing in open left-sided heart surgery.

effective removal of air from the heart before termination of cardiopulmonary bypass (cpb) is vital in open left heart surgery. bilateral collapse of the lungs during cardiopulmonary bypass decreases the duration of the de-airing procedure, decreases residual air emboli monitored on trans-esophageal echocardiography (tee) and decreases gaseous cerebral microemboli (mes) monitored by trans-cranial echo-doppler (tcd) when compared to expanded lungs during (cpb). induced pulmonary collapse by opening of the pleura and disconnection of the patient from the ventilator during cpb decreases the amount of air that can enter the pulmonary veins. not all surgeons wish to induce lung collapse from fraught that it might lead to pulmonary ischemia or infection. it is unknown whether collapse of only the right lung is as effective as collapse of both lungs.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aortic valve pathology requiring surgery. exclusion criteria: * prior thoracic surgery, * severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or * emphysema.

Keywords: cerebral air emboli, heart surgery
testing the effectiveness of ai chatbots to improve public knowledge and attitudes towards depression

Conditions: Depression Literacy; Depression Disorders; Stigma of Mental Illness

Summary: the purpose of this randomized controlled trial (rct) is to find out whether using ai chatbots can help the public better understand depression, reduce negative attitudes towards it, and encourage more people to seek help when needed. the study will also explore whether the chatbot can help individuals feel more confident in supporting others who might be experiencing depression. participants will be randomly assigned to either: 1. ai-psyteacher group: participants interact with the ai psychology teacher "liran" to complete three progressive tasks (identifying depression symptoms, learning coping strategies, and understanding prevention). this group assesses the independent role of ai in mental health education. 2. ai-integrated intervention group: participants first learn with the ai psychology teacher "liran" and then interact with the ai-simulated depressed patient "beibei" to complete three tasks (identifying issues, teaching coping strategies, and creating a prevention plan). this group examines the combined effect of ai teaching and patient simulation. 3. traditional psychoeducation group (control): participants gain depression-related knowledge by reading traditional educational materials and watching a first-person experience video. this group serves as the control to compare ai interventions. primary outcomes include changes in depression literacy, attitudes toward depression, help-seeking intentions, and confidence in helping others. the study aims to determine whether ai-driven interactive learning can improve public understanding and support for mental health.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. adults aged 18 to 65. 2. general population, non-clinical individuals. 3. no history of diagnosed mental disorders or current mental health diagnosis. 4. ability to complete ai interactions and related tasks via the internet or mobile devices. 5. native chinese speakers. 6. willingness to participate in the study and sign an informed consent form. exclusion criteria: 1. history of mental disorders or self-reported current mental health issues. 2. currently undergoing psychological counseling. 3. inability to use mobile or internet devices properly.
milk types and fish oil in 9- to 12-month-old infants

Conditions: Obesity; Metabolic Syndrome; Growth; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Disease

Summary: the objective of this intervention study is to examine the effect of whole cow's milk versus infant formula as primary milk sources with or without supplements of n-3 lcpufa for growth, nutritional status, development, risk factors for later diseases and the impact on the intestinal microbiota and inflammation in 9 - 12 months old infants.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * singleton infants * born \>= 37 wk of gestation * birth weight \> 2500g * \>= 5th percentile for gestational age * a 5-min apgar score \>= 7 * daily consumption of cow's milk or formula exclusion criteria: * no major complications at birth or in fetal life * no chronic diseases

Keywords: children complementary feeding breast feeding cow's milk formula protein lcpufa fish oil lipid profile intestinal inflammation intestinal microbiota
pre-post intervention study to investigate the safety, feasibility, & efficacy of the neurgear zenbud system for the treatment of anxiety & anxiety-related symptoms

Conditions: Anxiety Disorders

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to learn if low intensity fodused ultrasound stiulation delivered to the auricular branch of the vagus nerve works to mitigate symptoms of anxiety disorder in adults. it will also learn about the safety and feasibility of low intensity focused ultrasound stimulation. the main questions it aims to answer are: is low intensity ultrasound applied to the auricular branch of the vagus nerve effective for reducing the symptoms of anxiety disorders? is low intensity ultrasound applied to the auricular branch of the vagus nerve effective for improving quality of life and sleep for individuals who suffer from anxiety disorders? is low intensity ultrasound applied to the auricular branch of the vagus nerve effective for reducing the symptoms of depression for individuals who suffer from anxiety disorders? is the neurgear zenbud a safe, accessible, and feasible way of treatment for individuals who suffer from anxiety disorders? participants will: use the zenbud device, a wearable low intensity focused ultrasound delivery device, for 5 minutes a day, every day for 4 weeks complete a weekly becks anxiety inventory, becks, depression inventory, pittsburgh sleep quality index questionnaire, and pcl-5 weekly complete a post study survey asking questions about subjective efficacy and quality of life improvements.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. scoring ≥ 28 on the beck's anxiety inventory 2. age 18 or older. 3. ability to independently provide informed consent. 4. ability to comply with the daily treatment and weekly assessments 5. ability to communicate in english. exclusion criteria: 1. scoring below the aforementioned cutoff on the bai 2. inability to comply with the treatment and assessment protocol 3. age less than 18 years. 4. inability to provide informed consent. 5. conditions for which ultrasound is contraindicated including cancer, pacemaker, and impaired sensory sensitivity. 6. conditions for which vagus nerve stimulation is contraindicated including history of vagotomy.

Keywords: anxiety disorders low intensity focused ultrasound auricular nerve vagus nerve
exploration of fatigue, uncertainty, depression and quality of life in heart transplantation recipients

Conditions: Heart Transplantation

Summary: the purpose of this study is to explore the fatigue, uncertainty, depression and quality of life in heart transplant recipients, and associated factors of quality of life .

the purpose of this study is to explore the symptom distress, fatigue, depression, uncertainty, and quality of life in heart transplant recipients, and associated factors of quality of life (qol). the eligible patients are (1)who undergone heart transplantation were recruited from the department of cardiac surgery, nation taiwan university hospital,(2)18 year old or older. a set of questionnaire with the transplant symptom frequency and symptom distress scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale (hads) , fatigue symptom inventory (fsi), mishel's uncertainty scale, and 12-item short-form health survey (sf-12) were used to collected symptom distress, fatigue, depression, uncertainty, and qol .

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical diagnosis of heart transplantation * adults 18 years of age exclusion criteria: * the woman who are pregnant

Keywords: heart transplantation symptom distress fatigue depression quality of life.
dose finding study for a botulinum toxin type a injection to treat habitual snoring

Conditions: Habitual Snoring

Summary: the purpose of this study is to identify out of up to three doses a safe and effective dose of botulinum toxin type a for an injection into one side of the soft palate to treat snoring.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female or male subjects aged 18-70 * subjects suffering from snoring for at least 3 months prior to the study start and seeking for help to treat snoring * subjects with a peak snoring index \[si\] ≥ 15/ hour of sleep \[h\] at baseline visit * subjects with a bed partner for at least three months prior to study start. * subjects who understand the nature of the study and provide written informed consent at screening visit. * subjects who understand the study procedures as well as possess the ability and willingness to abide by all procedures during the course of the study exclusion criteria: * obese subjects (body mass index ≥ 30) * subjects with severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome * subjects with apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 10 /hour of sleep and/ or respiratory disturbance index ≥ 25 / hour of sleep at the baseline visit * subjects who have undergone any botulinum neurotoxin treatment in the history * subjects with generalized disorders of muscle activity (e.g. myasthenia gravis, lambert-eaton syndrome) * acute infections of the pharynx
study to assess the efficacy and safety of favipiravir-hu

Conditions: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

Summary: the aim of the study is to assess the safety and efficacy of favipiravir hu when administered to sars-cov- 2 patients in order to offer a safe and effective treatment to sars-cov-2 infection during the pandemic. the study is not for registration purposes and is not part of a series of studies for registration of favipiravir hu.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. male or female patients between the ages of 18 and 65 years. 2. patients with pcr confirmed sars-cov-2 infection 3. asymptomatic or have mild only symptoms and symptoms are onset less than 5 days 4. signed informed consent form and patient information leaflet exclusion criteria: 1. pregnant or possibly pregnant patients or lactating females 2. patients have moderate to severe or immediately life-threatening covid-19 3. major risk factor onset (obesity, diabetes, copd, hypertension) 4. patients with spo2 less than 95% without oxygen therapy 5. patients with severe hepatic impairment equivalent to grade c on child-pugh classification 6. patients with renal impairment requiring dialysis 7. patients with disturbed consciousness such as disturbed orientation 8. female patients who are woman of childbearing potential and unable to consent to use of dual contraception from the start of favipiravir administration to 30 days after the end of favipiravir administration. dual contraception is a combination of two of the following: barrier method of contraception: condoms (male or female) with orwithout a spermicidal agent, diaphragm or cervical cap with spermicide; iud; hormone-based contraceptive; tubal ligation 9. male patients whose are unable to consent to use of barrier method of contraception (condom) the start of favipiravir administration to 90 days after the end of favipiravir administration. male patients who are planning to donate sperm in 90 days after the start of favipiravir administration. 10. patients with hereditary xanthinuria 11. patient with severe uncontrolled hyperuricaemia 12. patients receiving immunosuppressants 13. patients who received interferon-alpha or drugs with reported antiviral activity against sars-cov- 2 (hydroxychloroquine sulfate, chloroquine phosphate, lopinavir-ritonavir combination, ciclesonide, nafamostat mesylate, camostat mesylate, remdesivir, etc.) within 72 hours or patients who receive forbidden concomitant medication 14. any medical condition that the examining physician deems unsuitable for the patient to participate in the study
relation of c-reactive protein/ albumin ratio and coagulation profile in acute myeloid leukemia patients

Conditions: AML

Summary: the investigators will investigate the relation between car and coagulation profile in newly diagnosed aml patients

acute myeloid leukaemia (aml) is an aggressive haematological malignancy with a high degree of heterogeneity. it has long been recognized that systemic inflammation is associated with tumorigenesis it revealed that elevated c-reactive protein levels were associated with worse survival outcomes in patients with various types of cancer, including hematologic malignancies. serum albumin is a measure of an individual's nutritional status. systemic inflammation can reduce serum albumin concentrations by increasing capillary permeability . the ratio of crp to albumin (car) is a useful score based on inflammation and nutrition, reflecting not only systemic inflammation status but also nutritional status. the glasgow prognostic score (gps) and modified gps (mgps), determined by the serum crp and albumin levels, have been proposed as prognostic indicators for aml patients. however, the clinical correlations of car and its prognostic value in aml patients have not yet been clarified. abnormalities of hemostasis can occur in leukemia in the form of disseminated intravascular coagulation(dic), coagulation protein defect and primary fibrinolysis . clinically, types of acute myeloid leukemia like acute promyelocyticleukemia has a high frequency of haemorrhage due to disseminated intravascular coagulation (dic), which contributes to the high mortality rate of this disease . therefore, the investigators will investigate car its relation with inflammatory response and coagulation profile levels in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia and after 3 month follow up to compare their level and the relation between .

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - all cases newly diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemiain assuit university hospital exclusion criteria: 1. cases with chronic myeloid leukemia 2. cases with acute lymphoblasticleukemia
soluble cd95 ligand role in the pathophysiology of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (anca) associated vasculitis

Conditions: ANCA Associated Vasculitis

Summary: the study aims at defining the role of soluble cd95 ligand in the physiopathology of a rare group of inflammatory diseases: anca associated vasculitis. soluble cd95 ligand might have a prognostic and diagnostic interest as well as potential for the discovery of new therapeutic strategies.

anca associated vasculitis are a rare group of diseases and potentially life-threatening inflammatory conditions. there is an urgent need to describe prognostic factors and to discover new therapeutic pathways. soluble cd95-l is a cleaved part of cd95-l which binds the cd95 death receptor. s-cd95-l has pro-inflammatory properties for th17 lymphocytes and neutrophils, two cells implicated in anca associated vasculitis. it also plays a role in systemic lupus erythematosus (which present with the same type of renal glomerulonephritis as anca-associated vasculitis). finally, it has already be found elevated in this group of diseases. the investigators hypothesized that s-cd95-l levels might be a prognostic factor in anca associated vasculitis and the study of the molecular mechanisms involved could provide new therapeutic targets. the study will recruit 50 patients with anca associated vasculitis followed in bordeaux university hospital. among classical disease activity information, blood and urine samples will be collected at each visit to study s-cd95-l. fundamental research will be realized on patients' sample to study molecular mechanisms involved. clinical and biological disease activity, treatment and outcomes will be studied in correlation with s-cd95-l to describe their potential prognostic role. patients will be followed at regular intervals, as their usual follow-up would request. no extra visit will be needed and blood samples will be drawn at the same time as those drawn for clinical purposes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of anca associated vasculitis according to the chapel-hill consensus conference - 2012 modified version * age ≥ 18 years * being affiliated to health insurance * willing to participate and to sign informed consent. exclusion criteria: * pregnant or breastfeeding women, * patient concerned by articles l 1121-5 to l 1121-8 (persons deprived of their liberty by a judicial or administrative decision, minors, persons of legal age who are the object of a legal protection measure or unable to express their consent)

Keywords: anca associated vasculitis granulomatosis with polyangiitis microscopic polyangiitis eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis soluble-cd95-ligand
implementation of truma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (tf-cbt) in norway

Conditions: PTSD

Summary: trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (tf-cbt) is an evidence-based treatment method for children and adolescents who have been exposed to traumatic experiences and who are experiencing posttraumatic stress symptoms. tf-cbt has been implemented in norwegian child and adolescent mental health clinics since 2012. the ministry of health is funding the implementation project, and the norwegian center for violence and traumatic stress studies (nkvts) is responsible for the implementation, including training of therapists, quality monitoring, and research.

all participating child and adolescent mental health clinics received training by tf-cbt senior trainers at nkvts in screening for trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress. a sub-sample of the therapists received training in tf-cbt. data are collected on treatment outcomes for quality assurance.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 6-18 years * referred to norwegian child and adolescent mental health clinics exclusion criteria: * below 6 years and above 18 years

Keywords: ptsd trauma treatment implementation
transabdominal electrical stimulation for constipation

Conditions: Constipation

Summary: several transabdominal electrical stimulation studies have been reported for constipation in childhood. this study aims to assess the efficacy of this technique in adults with chronic constipation and compare two different electrical therapies.

patients with rome iii defined constipation unresponsive to medical and behavioural treatment will be randomised in a double-blind prospective trial to receive either four weeks of transabdominal electrical stimulation (tens) or interferential stimulation (ifc). treatment will be self-administered at home for sixty minutes a day. the response to treatment will be assessed with the patient assessment of constipation quality of life questionnaire (pac-qol), the patient-assessment of constipation symptoms (pac-sym) tool and a bowel visual analogue scale (vas). a bowel diary will be kept a week before and during the final week of stimulation, recording daily bowel frequency. ifc stimulation is an effective, cheap and low risk intervention which has demonstrated efficacy for dysphagia, urinary incontinence, overactive bladder syndromes and chronic pain. the precise mechanism of its analgesic and pro-kinetic effect is unknown. the intervention is delivered by two separate continuous alternating electrical currents. two pairs of pad electrodes are arranged in a quadripolar manner where each pair delivers a different frequency of current. it is suggested that this arrangement of stimulation improves colonic propagation. however as direct massage of the abdomen has demonstrated benefit in constipation it is argued that ifc is not a specific requirement and that non-ifc electrical stimulation over the abdomen is sufficient to evoke the same colonic and clinical responses. owing to these questions the efficacy of this intervention will be further evaluated in adults. this study has two aims. the primary aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of transabdominal electrical nerve stimulation (tens) in adult patients with chronic constipation. the secondary aim is to establish whether ifc was superior to non-ifc (tens) electrical stimulation in adults with chronic constipation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age over 18 years * rome iii defined constipation (frequency of defecation of less than three times a week, straining or sense of incomplete emptying associated with at least 25% of defecations. lumpy, hard stools or anal digitation for at least 25% of defecations * failed biofeedback * competent and willing to complete stimulation at home * competent and willing to complete the questionnaires and bowel diaries exclusion criteria: * rectal prolapse * active inflammatory bowel disease * pregnancy or intention to become pregnant during trial * spinal cord injuries/cauda equina syndrome * other implanted electrical devices * allergy to device components * neurological disorders

Keywords: constipation neuromodulation interferential transabdominal
effect of two colonoscopy ai systems for colon polyp detection

Conditions: Adenoma; Colonoscopy; Sessile Serrated Adenoma

Summary: computer-aided detection (cade) systems have been actively researched for polyp detection in colonoscopy. the investigators aim to identify the effect of two cade systems according to the system performance on false positive rate

artificial intelligence technology based on deep learning is being applied in various medical fields, and research is being actively conducted to develop computer-aided detection (cade) systems for colonoscopies to overcome the limitation of the variance of human skills. these well-trained cade systems demonstrated high performance for neoplastic polyp detection and reported a 44% increase in adenoma detection rate (adr) for endoscopists. however, the level of performance in the cade system is not clear for expert endoscopists to be useful for adr increase. furthermore, false positives(fps) of the cade system may negatively influence adr during a screening colonoscopy. accordingly, the investigators sought to identify the effect of the colonoscopy cade system according to fp performance in endoscopists with various levels. the investigators hypothesized that the cade system with low fps would be useful to prevent the decrease in adr in case of a high endoscopy workload according to the performance of cade systems.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patient for screening or surveillance colonoscopy patients agreed with participating in the study exclusion criteria: patients who do not agree with participating in the study patients with a history of colon resection patients with a history of inflammatory bowel resection patients with poor bowel preparation

Keywords: endoscopist adenoma detection rate colonoscopy artificial intelligence