Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
pranayama and diaphragmatic breathing exercise applied to female patients with fibromyalgia

Conditions: Fibromyalgia

Summary: female patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia were divided into pranayama breathing exercise, diaphragm breathing exercise and control groups. the sleep quality, pain and fatigue levels of the patients in the intervention group were determined before and after the breathing exercise.

aim: this study was conducted to determine the effect of pranayama and diaphragm breathing exercises applied to female patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia on sleep quality, pain and fatigue levels. material and method: this study, designed as a randomized controlled and experimental study, was conducted between november 2022 and june 2023. the data of the study consisted of 100 female patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia: 32 in the pranayama group, 33 in the diaphragm breathing exercise group and 35 in the control group. as data collection tools; patient information form, visual analog scale, fatigue severity scale and pittsburgh sleep quality scale were used. during the study, the control group received routine treatment, while the two groups in the intervention group received the following training given by the researcher; they were asked to do pranayama and diaphragm breathing exercise 3 sets a day (morning-afternoon-evening), 7 days a week for 6 weeks. at the end of this process, sleep quality, pain and fatigue levels of three groups were evaluated again. results: it was observed that there was no statistically significant difference between the initial pain and sleep quality total scores of three groups (p\>0.05), there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of pain, fatigue and sleep quality scores after the application (p\<0.05). conclusion: as a result, it was determined that breathing exercises reduced the patients' pain and fatigue levels and improved their sleep quality. keywords: pain, diaphragmatic breathing, fibromyalgia, pranayama, sleep quality, fatigue

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: •● being 18 years or older * being a female patient who has had pain for at least three months and has been diagnosed with fibromyalgia by a physician according to the acr 2016 fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria. * having a psqi score of five and above * complaint of fatigue and getting a score of 4 or above on the fatigue severity scale * pain score of one or above according to vas * having no communication problems and knowing how to read, write and speak turkish * not being pregnant and not breastfeeding exclusion criteria: * having a malignancy related to the respiratory system (bronchus or lung) * having tuberculosis disease * having chest pain * having any psychiatric diagnosis during outpatient clinic screenings * having a nasal septum derivation or adenoid that will affect the ventilation process * having previously practiced/trained in pranayama or diaphragmatic breathing exercises

Keywords: fibromyalgia pranayama diaphragmatic breathing quality of sleep pain fatigue
free skin grafting to reconstruct donor sites after radial forearm flap harvesting

Conditions: Head and Neck Cancer

Summary: reconstruction of the donor site after radial forearm flap harvesting is a common procedure in maxillofacial plastic surgery. unfortunately, free skin graft transplantation faces wound healing impairments such as necrosis, (partial) graft loss, or tendon exposure. several studies have investigated methods to reduce these impairments and demonstrated improvements if the wound bed is optimized. however, these methods are device-dependent, expansive, and time-consuming. therefore, the application of platelet-rich fibrin (prf) to the wound bed could be a simple, cost effective, and device-independent method to optimize wound-bed conditions instead. in this study, prf membranes were applied between the wound bed and skin graft.

reconstruction of the donor site after radial forearm flap harvesting is a common procedure in maxillofacial plastic surgery. it is normally carried out with split-thickness or full-thickness free skin grafts. unfortunately, free skin graft transplantation faces wound healing impairments such as necrosis, (partial) graft loss, or tendon exposure. several studies have investigated methods to reduce these impairments and demonstrated improvements if the wound bed is optimized, for example through negative pressure wound therapy or vacuum-assisted closure. however, these methods are device-dependent, expansive, and time-consuming. therefore, the application of platelet-rich fibrin (prf) to the wound bed could be a simple, cost effective, and device-independent method to optimize wound-bed conditions instead. in this study, prf membranes were applied between the wound bed and skin graft. growth factor release could stimulate fibroblast migration, wound healing and angiogenesis. further more prf act as a lubricant layer to protect skin graft from tendon motion. this could improve graft in-growth.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * \>18 years, donor site on the forearm after radial forearm flap surgery, free skin graft reconstruction of this skin defect, informed consent exclusion criteria: * \<18 years, inclusion criteria were not met
preventing t2dm after gdm with immediate postpartum screening

Conditions: Gestational Diabetes; Type 2 Diabetes

Summary: the overall goal of this proposal is to create and test an implementation protocol for in-hospital immediate postpartum diabetes screening for postpartum patients with pregnancies affected by gdm.

gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm) affects 6 to 8% of u.s. pregnancies annually and upwards of 1 in every 8 pregnancies worldwide. pregnant individuals with gdm have higher rates of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, cesarean delivery, and maternal mortality as compared to those without gdm. while gdm frequently resolves after delivery, up to 70% of patients will develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm) later in life10 and one third will develop subsequent diabetes or impaired glucose metabolism at the time of postpartum screening. while postpartum screening is recommended by the american college of obstetricians and gynecologists (acog) and the american diabetes association (ada) between 4-12 weeks postpartum for all patients with gdm in pregnancy, nearly 40% of patients do not attend a postpartum visit. attendance is even lower among populations with limited resources, contributing to health disparities. to address this issue, immediate in-hospital postpartum glucose tolerance testing has been evaluated and found to yield diagnostic values comparable to postpartum screening with the advantage of \~100% adherence. however, 2 challenges remain: currently there is a lack of widespread clinical implementation of in-hospital immediate postpartum diabetes screening. therefore, the overall goal of this proposal is to randomize patients to early screening during their postpartum hospitalization versus at their 6 week postpartum visit (current standard of care).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pregnancy complicated by gdm as diagnosed with traditional two step testing in the third trimester according to carpenter-coustan criteria * receiving prenatal care at umass memorial and plans to deliver at umass memorial * able and willing to provide informed consent * ability to complete immediate in hospital postpartum glucose testing * have evidence of impaired glucose metabolism defined as fasting glucose value of ≥126 mg/dl or 2-hour glucose value of ≥200 mg/dl exclusion criteria: * known diagnosis of pre-existing pre-gestational diabetes in pregnancy * inability to complete oral glucose tolerance test (e.g. gastric bypass surgery history, gastric dumping syndrome history, vomiting of oral glucose tolerance test) in pregnancy or immediately postpartum * systemic steroid use

Keywords: diabetes
body awareness therapy for people with stroke

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: affected balance capacity is common after a stroke due to paresis and sensory disturbances. the affected balance capacity may cause walking disturbances, falls and decreased mobility. balance may be improved by physical therapy. a possible method for balance training is body awareness therapy, that was introduced in sweden by jacques dropsy and gertrud roxendal. earlier body awareness therapy was mostly used in psychiatric care but in the recent years the method has been used for people with long-tern pain, amputations and multiple sclerosis. body awareness therapy includes exercises in lying, sitting and standing. focus of the exercises are awareness of one´s movement behaviour, breathing patterns, resources and limitations. postural control is an essential part in the exercises. body awareness therapy could be used for people with stroke as a way to improve postural control. the aim of this study is to investigate if balance training using body awareness therapy can improve balance and walking in people after stroke. the interventions consists of body awareness therapy once a week for 8 weeks.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed stroke more than 6 months ago. walking capacity of 100 meter with or without assistive device. exclusion criteria: * medical or cognitive impairment that prohibits participating in the intervention.

Keywords: stroke postural control body awareness therapy
pharmacokinetics of oseltamivir in newborns and infants

Conditions: Prematurity of Fetus

Summary: oseltamivir dosing in infants \< 3 months of age is based on a single pharmacokinetic study in 20 infants from a single center. this dataset is limited by a lack of robustness, because only 1 sample was collected from each participant. the investigators obtained two blood samples each from infants receiving oseltamivir after obtaining informed consent from the infant's parents. the investigators propose to analyze the blood samples to determine the amount of oseltamivir in the infant's blood. measurement of these values will increase the understanding of the absorption and elimination of oseltamivir in preterm and term infants, and improve our ability to provide the correct doses to this high risk population.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all neonates and infants in the nicu at st. louis children's hospital who received oseltamivir for treatment of or exposure to influenza virus type a were considered eligible for this study.

Keywords: oseltamivir influenza neonate premature pharmacokinetics
study to learn about how the study medicines called pf-07976016 and pf-06882961 are taken up by the body, and if either of them change how the body processes the other medicine in otherwise healthy adults with overweight or obesity

Conditions: Overweight; Obesity

Summary: the purpose of this study is to see how two study medicines, pf-07976016 and danuglipron, taken together affect the level of each other in the blood of participants who have overweight or obesity. the total number of weeks of the study is up to approximately 22 weeks (5.5 months).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and non-pregnant, non-breastfeeding female, 18 to 65 years of age * bmi 25 to 40 kg/m2 and a total body weight \> 50 kg (110 lb) * willing and able to comply with all study procedures including staying a research unit for up to 95 days exclusion criteria: * any medical or psychiatric condition or laboratory abnormality, or recent serious illness or hospitalization, that may increase the risk of study participation or, in the investigator's judgment, make the participant inappropriate for the study including diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, type 1 or secondary forms of diabetes * use of any prohibited prior or concomitant medication(s) * presence of specified abnormalities on diagnostic assessments including clinical laboratory tests * a positive urine drug test. * history of alcohol abuse or repeated binge drinking and/or any other illicit drug use or dependence * use of tobacco/nicotine containing products in excess of the equivalent of 5 cigarettes/day or 2 chews of tobacco/day
l-arginine and vitamin d adjunctive therapy in pulmonary tuberculosis (tb)

Conditions: Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether adjunctive l-arginine and vitamin d can improve response to standard short course tb therapy in people with newly diagnosed pulmonary tb.

the two major pathways proposed to mediate macrophage mycobacterial killing in humans are the arginine-nitric oxide and vitamin d-1,25 dihydroxyvitamin d pathways. our aim is to determine if the key immunomodulatory agents l-arginine and vitamin d can improve the rapidity and magnitude of the microbiological and clinical response in pulmonary tb. we will test the following hypotheses in newly-diagnosed tb patients in timika, papua, indonesia: our specific aims are to: 1. determine whether supplementation with l-arginine and/or vitamin d is safe, and results in more rapid improvement in clinical, mycobacterial, immunological, radiological, physiological and functional measures of treatment outcome. we will randomise patients with pulmonary tb to receive, in addition to standard tb therapy, adjunctive arginine, vitamin d and / or placebo in a randomised, double-blind factorial 2x2 design. we will relate serial measurements of plasma concentrations of l-arginine and vitamin d, and immunological responses (pulmonary no production, t cell function and phenotype) to measures of treatment outcome \[mycobacterial (sputum smear clearance and culture conversion), physiological (spirometry), clinical (symptoms and weight), radiological (chest xray) and functional (six-minute walk test, modified st george respiratory questionnaire)\]. 2. determine whether pulmonary production of no is inversely related to disease severity at presentation. baseline and serial measures of no production will be related to disease severity and the magnitude and rapidity of clinical response

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults \>15 years with sputum smear positive pulmonary tb * new cases only * agree to continue treatment in timika for the full six month course of treatment -not pregnant * consent to enroll in the study. exclusion criteria: * hypercalcaemia (ionized calcium \>1.32 mmol/l) identified at baseline * taking arginine or vitamin d

Keywords: tuberculosis adjunctive therapy l-arginine nitric oxide vitamin d
combined atezolizumab and chemotherapy (carboplatin plus etoposide) in neoadjuvant treating limited-stage small cell lung cancer patients

Conditions: Small-cell Lung Cancer; Neoadjuvant Therapy

Summary: this phase ii study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of atezolizumab in combination with chemotherapy compared with treatment with chemotherapy alone in previously untreated limited-stage small cell lung cancer patients.

this phase ii study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of atezolizumab in combination with chemotherapy (carboplatin plus etoposide) compared with treatment with chemotherapy (carboplatin plus etoposide) alone in previously untreated limited-stage small cell lung cancer patients. participants will be divided in a 1:1 ratio to receive either atezolizumab + carboplatin + etoposide or carboplatin + etoposide followed by radical surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients must be volunteered to participate in the clinical trial. patients must sign the informed consent form (icf) and be willing to follow and able to complete all test procedures. 2. histologically or cytologically confirmed stage iib-iiib sclc. 3. patients with good physical condition and good organ function. 4. previously untreated patients. 5. patients must have measurable disease based on response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (recist) 1.1 6. patients can tolerate chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and surgery. exclusion criteria: 1. unclear diagnosis of sclc. 2. contraindicated chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and surgery. 3. undergoing other active malignancies within 5 years or at the same time.patients with localized curable tumors, such as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, superficial bladder carcinoma, prostate carcinoma in situ, cervical carcinoma in situ, or breast carcinoma in situ, will not be excluded. 4. positive test result for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). 5. positive test result for active tuberculosis. 6. pregnant or lactating women 7. a history of psychotropic substance abuse, drug abuse, or alcoholism. 8. other factors assessed by the sponsors.

Keywords: limited-stage small cell lung cancer atezolizumab immunotherapy carboplatin etoposide
factors promoting increased rate and success of pregnancy in the thalassemia population in toronto

Conditions: Thalassemia; Fertility; Pregnancy

Summary: treatment of patients with beta thalassemia in north america has altered dramatically during the past 40 years, with improvements in transfusion therapy and introduction of iron chelation therapy. thalassemia patients now enjoy an increased life expectancy to the fifth and sixth decades of life, with fertility and childbearing becoming important issues. data regarding this important topic remain limited, without clear data regarding iron control including serial assessment of hepatic iron concentration, the need for assistance in becoming pregnant, and use of iron chelating agents during pregnancy. as the life expectancy increases and overall health improves in thalassemia, clear data on fertility, pregnancy complications, and the effect of pregnancy on maternal health in thalassemia patients are necessary since these will have a direct impact on patient care, quality of life, and patient expectations.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * thalassemia, thalassemia intermedia or e-thalassemia patients in toronto * subject has attempted conception exclusion criteria: * subject has any other form of blood disease * subject has not attempted conception
ultrasonographic appearance of the endometrium after ulipristalacetate use and endometrial changes

Conditions: Uterine Fibroid; Endometrial Cyst

Summary: if endometrial thickening is visualised (\>10mm) after the use of ulipristalacetate in case of medical treatment for uterine fibroids a saline infusion and sonographic examination will be performed to evaluate the endometrium and exclude intra-uterine pathology.

when ultrasonographic examination during follow up of a treatment with ulipristalacetate shows a thickening of the endometrium of 10mm or more ( thickening described in 10% of ulipristalacetate users and is completely benign), a saline infusion can help to exclude pathology in the uterine cavity. saline infusion helps to better delineate the uterine cavity and endometrium. if fibroids or polyps are present in the uterine cavity they will clearly be seen. this study was set up to describe how the endometrial changes after esmya use appear on saline infusion sonography. this study can help to recognize ultrasonographic images in women presenting with thickened endometrium after ulipristalacetate use.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women with thickened endometrium on ultrasound (defined as double endometrium thickness of ≥10mm) at the end of their treatment with ulipristalacetate. * normal double endometrium thickness before the use of esmya (\<10mm) * bmi \>18 - \< 30 exclusion criteria: * known type 0 or 1 fibroids * known intrauterine pathology
a trial comparing approaches to shared decision making skills training for clinicians

Conditions: Depression; Low Back Pain

Summary: the health decision sciences center (hdsc) staff has deployed different approaches to training clinicians to engage patients in shared decision making for common medical tests and treatments. the purpose of the study is to compare the effectiveness of shared decision making (sdm) skills training courses using standardized patient interactions (spi) and written evaluations.

there is limited evidence on approaches to training clinicians to engage patients in shared decision making for common medical tests and treatments. the purpose of the study is to compare the effectiveness of different approaches to shared decision making (sdm) skills training. participants will be randomly assigned to either receive two decision aids or a webinar to review. participants will also be randomly assigned to receive feedback on standardized patient interaction rating their shared decision making skills and highlighting opportunities for improvement or not. clinician participants will be assigned to one of four intervention groups using a 2x2 factorial design: group 1: decision aid viewing with feedback group 2: decision aid viewing and no feedback group 3: webinar with feedback group 4: webinar and no feedback the pilot study will provide evidence on the comparative effectiveness and feasibility on training formats to determine if: * clinicians improved in sdm communication skills * clinicians have an increased confidence to use sdm with their patients * the training is acceptable to clinicians

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults 18 and older * english speaking * physician * nurse practitioner * physician assistant * registered nurse exclusion criteria: * not clinically active (research faculty only) * medical trainees * medical students * medical assistants * social workers

Keywords: communication skills training shared decision making decision making decision aids lung cancer screening
a study of aprepitant (mk-0869) in pediatric participants undergoing surgery (mk-0869-148)

Conditions: Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Summary: this two part study will determine the appropriate dosing regimen of aprepitant for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (ponv) in pediatric participants 6 months to 17 years of age, by assessing pharmacokinetic parameters and monitoring safety and tolerability of administered doses. part i will be an open label investigation of a single dose of aprepitant measuring pharmacokinetics at specified time points up to 48 hours after aprepitant dosing. part ii will be a double blind trial of participants randomized to receive either aprepitant or ondansetron.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participant is scheduled to have surgery requiring a 48 hour (part i) or 24 hour (part ii) hospital stay * participant is scheduled to receive general anesthesia * participant is scheduled to receive opioids (e.g. morphine or fentanyl) * female participants of childbearing potential must have negative pregnancy test prior to drug administration * a female participant who is of reproductive potential must agree to remain abstinent or use a barrier form of contraception for at least 14 days prior to, throughout, and for at least one month following the last dose of study medication * participant weighs 6 kg or more exclusion criteria: * participant is undergoing surgery for a life-threatening condition * participant is pregnant or breast feeding * participant has vomited within 24 hours prior to surgery * participant has a known history of qt prolongation or is currently taking other medicinal products that lead to qt prolongation * participant has an active infection (e.g., pneumonia), congestive heart failure, bradyarrythmia, any uncontrolled disease (e.g., diabetic ketoacidosis, gastrointestinal obstruction), evidence of any clinically significant respiratory, metabolic, hepatic, renal dysfunction, or a history of any illness, including morbid obesity, that might pose unwarranted risk