Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
the institut study

Conditions: Tuberculosis, Pulmonary; Undernutrition

Summary: undernutrition is a leading global risk factor of tuberculosis (tb) and a prevalent comorbidity associated with tb. in benin, the national tb program systematically provides nutritional support to all persons with tb (pwtb), distributing prepared foods to hospitalized patients and food baskets during outpatient care. in togo, the pwtb population is similar to that of benin; however, togo does not have a systematic program in place to provide nutritional support to these patients. the investigators will perform a prospective cohort analysis using anonymized tb patient data from the national tb programs of benin and togo. participants enrolled in benin will receive nutritional support from the hospital while those enrolled in togo will not. participants in togo who do not receive nutritional support will serve as a control. unfavorable outcomes in both groups such as treatment failure, death, or relapse will be compared. the results from this study should help to shape tb programs in the future by incorporating nutritional support.

the objectives of this prospective cohort analysis are: * to estimate the impact of nutritional support on tb treatment outcomes * to estimate the impact of nutritional support on the nutritional status of persons with tb (pwtb) at the end of treatment. pulmonary tb patients who meet eligibility criteria including being diagnosed with a smear-positive (\>/=1+ afb) and provide informed consent will be enrolled. a projected sample of 1050 participants will be enrolled and followed for approximately 12 months. 700 will be enrolled in benin and 350 in togo. participants enrolled in benin will receive nutritional support from the hospital while those enrolled in togo will not. sputum samples will be collected at baseline and month two to confirm diagnosis and resolution of disease. chest x-rays will be taken at enrollment, if not available by the tb program, and repeated 6 months following the end of tb treatment to assess for post-tb chronic lung disease. at all visits, surveys will be administered to assess for response to treatment and functional and economic recovery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * drug susceptible, xpert \[polymerase chain reaction (pcr) test for tb\] positive and/or sputum stain positive for afb (≥1+) * willing to attend follow-up visits and undergo study procedures exclusion criteria: * drug resistant tb * has received 7 or more days of antimicrobial therapy * based on study staff observation, the participant is too sick to enroll. defined as a score of 4 on the world health organization (who) performance assessment. * pregnancy at the time of enrollment * individuals who are unable to participate in the 6-minute walk test due to pre-existing mobility issues due to disability, trauma, neurological compromise, or cardiopulmonary issues

Keywords: persons with tb (pwtb) nutritional support republic of benin togolese republic treatment failure tb relapse chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) quality of life
clinical investigation of omega refractive capsule, model vi

Conditions: Cataract

Summary: the objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the investigational omega refractive capsule (model vi)

this study is a prospective, interventional, randomized, controlled, paired eye, subject-masked design. subjects will be randomly assigned to which eye will receive the omega refractive capsule vi with an fda approved intraocular lens. fellow eyes will serve as controls and receive an fda approved iol (no omega capsule).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 40 years of age or older at the time of surgery diagnosed with bilateral cataracts * able to understand and sign an informed consent * willing and able to complete all study visits and assessments required for the study * calculated lens power within the available range * corrected distance visual acuity is equal to or worse than 20/40 in each eye with or without a glare source present * bilateral cataracts eligible for extraction by phacoemulsification and capsular bag fixated iol implantation * potential postop visual acuity of 20/25 or better in the judgment of the surgeon * preoperative corneal astigmatism of 4.0 d or less with normal corneal topography * clear intraocular media other than cataract * preop endothelial cell density of 2000 cells/mm2 or more exclusion criteria: * subject's best corrected vision is light perception or no light perception in either eye * cataract opacification preventing adequate binocular indirect ophthalmoscopic retinal and macular examination. * orbital abnormalities, such as thyroid related orbitopathy, causing significant exophthalmos. * eyelid abnormalities causing lagophthalmos. * significant anterior blepharitis or meibomian gland dysfunction * corneal abnormalities or conditions, other than regular topographic corneal astigmatism * krukenburg's spindle (linear pigmentary deposits on the corneal endothelium) * abnormalities of the iris including trans-illumination defects * pupil abnormalities (abnormally shaped, fixed or non-reactive) * pharmacologic dilation less than 7 mm * axial length \<22.5mm * lens thickness \<4.1 mm * anterior chamber depth \<2.5mm * prior ocular surgery * epiretinal membrane * macular edema * retinal tears including operculated holes * amblyopia * glaucoma of any kind * pseudoexfoliation syndrome * history of uveitis/iritis * diabetic retinopathy * acute, chronic or uncontrolled systemic or ocular disease that may confound the results of the study (including rheumatologic conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondyliltis, sjögren's syndrome, and neurologic conditions such as optic neuritis or multiple sclerosis). * prior or anticipated use of tamsulosin or silodosin (e.g., flomax®, flomaxtra®, rapaflo®) or similar medications * average keratometry \ 48d by topography * any pathology of the zonules including evidence of zonular weakness, zonular instability, zonular damage, or coloboma effecting zonules. * history of ocular trauma * pregnant, lactating, or has another condition with associated fluctuation of hormones that could lead to refractive changes
recombinant human thrombopoietin(rhtpo) in pregnancy with immune thrombocytopenia

Conditions: Immune Thrombocytopenia

Summary: the purpose of this study was to observe the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of rhtpo in the treatment of pregnancy-induced thrombocytopenia.

the project is undertaken by qilu hospital of shandong university and other 6 well-known hospitals in china. the investigators anticipate to undertaking a concurrent control, multicentre trial including 60 pregnancy associated itp adult patients which are ineffective for first-line treatment or platelets infusion and 30 healthy pregnancy control. 30 of the itp patients are selected to receive rhtpo(given different dose according to the platelet count, the risk of bleeding and delivery), the other itp patients are selected not to receive rhtpo. platelet count, bleeding and other symptoms of itp patients and their newborns are evaluated after treatment, adverse events are also recorded throughout the study in order to report the efficacy and safety of the rhtpo for the treatment of pregnancy with itp.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. meet the diagnostic criteria for immune thrombocytopenia. 2. 18-50 years of age; gestational age over 32 weeks; 3. no response to the treatment of glucocorticoids and / or intravenous immunoglobulin (a stable dose of glucocorticoid could be accepted); 4. platelet transfusion was not effective. 5. platlet count of the patients \<30\* 10\^9/l and had the risk of bleeding or bleeding. 6. no obvious abnormalities in liver and kidney function had (1.5 times higher than normal limit of the serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, serum transaminase and bilirubin ); 7. no severe cardiac and pulmonary dysfunction; 8. no history of mental illness; 9. voluntarily signed written informed consent. exclusion criteria: 1. a history of serious allergies to biologics; 2. the history of thrombosis; 3. thromboembolic or hemorrhagic disease; 4. patients who are deemed unsuitable for the study by the investigator.

Keywords: immune thrombocytopenia
calorie anticipation and food intake

Conditions: Eating Behaviour; Obesity

Summary: the regulation of our food intake is on the short-term guided by appetite and satiety signals generated by the sight and consumption of food. food intake is not only regulated by appetite and satiety signals - external cues also play an important role. it has been observed that food intake and the pleasure derived from consumption is affected by manipulation of the external cues. the investigators will assess the contribution of food anticipation (calorie information) and actual consumption of a test food (calorie intake) on in satiety responses (such as ghrelin responses, appetite and subsequent food intake). the investigators expect the information on the amount of calories, rather than the actual amount of calories in the food, to predict the ghrelin responses and the subsequent intake of a second meal.

in a randomized cross-over design with 4 conditions, all participants will consume twice the low-caloric food (once with the low-calorie information and once with the high-calorie information) and twice the high-caloric food (again, once with the low-calorie information and once with the high-calorie information) in a randomized order.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female * healthy * being used to eat breakfast regularly (≥ 5 times a week). exclusion criteria: * hypersensitivity for the ingredients of the foods under study; * lack of appetite; following an energy-restricted diet or change in body weight \> 5 kg; or * being a vegan or vegetarian. participants reported not using products that are artificially sweetened, nor sugar in coffee and/or tea.

Keywords: satiety, satiation, anticipation, food intake
regorafenib plus programmed cell death-1 (pd-1) inhibitors in patients with advanced colorectal cancer

Conditions: Advanced Colorectal Carcinoma

Summary: this is a multicenter observational study aimed to describe the efficacy and safety of regorafenib plus programmed cell death-1 (pd-1) inhibitors in chinese patients with advanced colorectal cancer in routine clinical practice. the primary end point is overall survival. the secondary endpoints include progression-free survival, objective response rate, disease control rate and the incidence of treatment-related adverse events.

the investigators retrospectively identify patients with advanced colorectal adenocarcinoma who received at least one dose of pd-1 inhibitors plus regorafenib from 5/2019 to 2/2021 in 14 chinese medical centers. patients received the study treatment as part of routine medical care based on the consensus of clinicians and patients. in addition to the primary and secondary outcomes, other patient and treatment characteristics including baseline microsatellite instability status, metastatic sites, previous treatment regimens, post-treatment regimens, are collected in order to describe the real-world treatment patterns.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. 18 years of age and older 2. histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced or metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma 3. disease progression on standard of care therapy 4. patients must have received at least one dose of pd-1 inhibitors in combination with regorafenib 5. at least one available laboratory or vital sign measurement obtained subsequent to at least one dose of study treatment for safety analysis 6. confirmed treatment discontinuation/disease progression/available radiological evaluation or at least eight weeks of follow-up subsequent to the first dose of study treatment for efficacy analysis 7. prior exposure to regorafenib monotherapy or a pd-1 inhibitor monotherapy was allowed exclusion criteria: 1. other malignancies within the past 5 years except for adequately treated carcinoma of the cervix or basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin 2. participation in other interventional studies while receiving regorafenib plus a pd-1 inhibitor
end of life care in neonatal intensive unite

Conditions: Palliative Care

Summary: in china, neonatal death on 2019 was 3.5 per 1000 live births, which counts around 57,000 deaths. in mainland china, parents are mostly the main decision-makers in withdrawing life-sustaining treatments in infants and neonatologists often follow the wishes of the parents. however, there is limited experience in supporting parents after the decision is made to withdraw treatment. the aim of this study was to develop and test a family supportive end-of-life care intervention to decrease parental depression and increase parent satisfaction. investigators indicated that providing a comfortable environment and supportive care to parents during the final days of life of an infant decrease their depression and increases parent satisfaction. the nicus in mainland china and beyond might consider involving parents in end-of-life care by providing a single room, have a dedicated psychologist available and provide supportive commemoration materials.

neonatal death often occurs in tertiary neonatal intensive care units (nicus). in china, end-of-life-care (eolc) does not always involve parents. the aim of this study is to evaluate a parent support intervention to integrate parents at the end of life of their infant in the nicu. a quasi-experimental study using a non-randomized clinical trial design was conducted between may 2020 and september 2021. participants were infants in an eolc pathway in the nicu and their parents. parents were allocated into a family supportive eolc intervention group or a standard eolc group based on their wishes. primary outcomes were depression (edinburgh postnatal depression scale for mothers; hamilton depression rating scale for fathers) and satisfaction. student t-test for continuous variables and the chi-square test categorical variables were used in the statistical analysis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * infants whose treatment was withdrawn at corrected gestational age (cga) less than 28 days and their parents. exclusion criteria: * infants with an expected time of death less than three hours after nicu admission. parents were excluded if they had mental health or language issues that might limit their integration and communication with the healthcare team.

Keywords: neonatal death end-of-life care infants parents neonatal intensive care family-centered care
effect of electrical stimulation with functional task training on balance and motor abilities in children with diplegia

Conditions: Cerebral Palsy Spastic Diplegia

Summary: the aims of the study are to: 1. investigate the combined effect of functional task training with electrical stimulation of bilateral hip abductor muscles on balance in children with diplegia. 2. investigate the combined effect of functional task training with electrical stimulation of bilateral hip abductor muscles on motor abilities in children with diplegia.

cerebral palsy (cp) is a group of permanent disorders of movement and posture. it is non-progressive lesion or abnormality of immature brain. the term cerebral refers to the brain and palsy refers to the loss or impairment of motor function. functional electrical stimulation (fes) is a subtype of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (nmes) in which the stimulation assists functional and purposeful movements. this is achieved by applying electrical stimulation to muscles that, when they contract, produce a movement that can be used functionally.the fes is used to provide electrical stimulation via the peripheral nervous system to activate muscle contractions to assist functional activities when nervous or musculo-skeletal systems are damaged.the common applications of fes include strengthening muscle, reducing muscle spasticity, increasing range of motion, improving upper extremity function and walking speed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * their ages will range from 7-11 years. * both genders will be included. * their degree of spasticity will range from 1 to 1+ according to modified ashworth scale (meseguer-henarejos et al., 2018). * their motor function will be at level i \& ii according to gross motor function --- -classification system (palisano et al., 2008). * they will be understanding instructions. exclusion criteria: * children will be excluded from the study if they have any of the following criteria: musculoskeletal fixed deformities in upper limb, lower limb or spine. * visual or hearing problems. * epilepsy. * botulinium toxin therapy or orthopedic surgery within the past 6months or within the study period.
therapeutic processes in icbt for sad

Conditions: Social Anxiety Disorder; Social Phobia

Summary: the current study examines therapeutic processes during internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder. participants will be randomized to either treatment or wait-list conditions. participants in the wait-list condition will receive active treatment following the wait-list period.

internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (icbt) is an effective treatment for social anxiety disorder (sad). however, little is known about the processes and mechanisms of change in this treatment. compared to face to face (ftf) treatments, online interventions may operate through partially different mechanisms of change due to the text-based nature of the interaction and the reduced level of therapist involvement. the present randomized controlled trial will examine therapeutic processes during icbt for sad including the presence of sudden gains and their relationship to outcome, the relationship between anxiety and depressive symptoms along the course of treatment, changes in the therapeutic alliance and attrition from therapy. moreover, we will compare icbt for sad with a wait-list control group and utilize weekly measurements of anxiety, depression, and sad-related cognitions in both groups. this will facilitate comparison between temporal processes in both conditions and also shed light on processes occurring in wait-list conditions.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * meeting dsm-5 criteria for social anxiety disorder. * fluency in hebrew * access to internet exclusion criteria: * substance use disorders * past or present psychosis * high levels of suicidality * changes in pharmacological treatment 3 months or less prior to the start of the trial * participation in other psychotherapeutic treatments during the trial

Keywords: social anxiety disorder icbt therapeutic processes
comparison of efficacy of nebulizing budesonide and intravenous dexamethasone before extubation on prevention of post-extubation complications in intensive care unit patients

Conditions: Respiratory Sounds

Summary: the present study was aimed at investigating the efficacy of nebulizing budesonide sin comparison with intravenous dexamethasone before extubation in prevention of post-extubation complications amongst patients admitted in intensive care unit. in this double-blind randomized clinical trial study, 90 patients (age between 18 to 65) who are intubated (at least for 48 hours) and now are ready for extubation will be enrolled in the study after obtaining a written informed consent from their parents or guardians. the investigators divide our patients randomly into two equal groups. -in the budesonide group patients underwent a therapy with nebulizing budesonide at a dose of 1 mg diluted in 4 cc of sterile water for 20 minutes, one hour preceding extubation. after extubation patients received nebulizing budesonide via oxygen mask at the same dose every 12 hours for 48 h.i in dexamethasone group intravenous dexamethasone was administered to patient at a dose of 0.15 mg/kg before extubation. after extubation, the administration of intravenous dexamethasone continued at the same dose every 12 h. for 48 h. another anesthesiologist who is unaware about kind of medication, will evaluate the patients for severity of stridor. we will record the vital sings and grade of stridor every 6 hour. respiratory rate (rr), heart rate (hr), blood pressure (bp) and oxygen saturation (spo2) were recorded for each patient immediately before aerosol administration (time 0) and at 30 and 60 min; and 2,4,8,12,24,36 and 48 hrs. after extubation then the presence of stridor (heard with the aid of stethoscope) was recorded within 48 hr of extubation


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients' age 18-65 years old 2. intubated for more than 48 hours after surgery 3. met the weaning criteria defined as respiratory rate \ 5 ml/kg ideal body weight, and shallow index (respiratory rate/tidal volume) \< 105 breaths / min/l exclusion criteria: 1. any history of corticosteroid therapy in previous week 2. nasal or throat disease / surgery 3. pulmonary airway disease 4. gastrointestinal bleeding
the effect of 3d autostereoscopic video-game play on the visual fatigue in children

Conditions: Visual Fatigue

Summary: this study aims to examine the specific effect that 3d game play has on the control of the eyes horizontal movements. it will examine the youngest group of consumers this technology is marketed to, 7 to 11-year-olds and no children under 7 years of age will be recruited to this study as per nintendo's hardware guidelines, which recommends that children under 7 years of age not play in 3d mode. it will examine the effect of playing in 3d for 30 minutes on horizontal fusional amplitudes compared with a control group playing in 2d for 30 minutes.

this study will be a prospective blind randomised control trial. the participants will be randomised into one study group, with participants playing a game in 3d; and a control group, with participants playing the same game in 2d. the study is blind due to the use of an independent assessor, reducing testing bias by ensuring that the tester does not know the randomisation results. the known dependant variables are the total horizontal fusional amplitudes at 1/3m and 6m and the independent variable is the use of 2d or 3d game play.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and female 7 to 11-year-olds with no prior history of binocular vision / ocular motility dysfunction. exclusion criteria: * corrected visual acuity of less than 0.000 tested with slt at 3m. * interocular visual acuity difference of 0.100 (tested with slt) or greater, which could indicate the presence of amblyopia. * the presence of any manifest deviation (tropia). * presence of any ocular motility dysfunction, which affects primary position. * reduced binocular convergence of 10 centimetres or less. * stereoacuity of less than 170" (this may indicate the presence of a microtropia or other undiagnosed pathology). * any prior or existing medical history of epilepsy or seizures. * any prior or existing medical history of repetitive strain injury.