Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effect of polymorphisms in the adenosine a2a receptor gene and ampd2 gene on adenosine-induced vasodilation and reactive hyperemia

Conditions: Blood Flow in Healthy Volunteers

Summary: the endogenous nucleoside adenosine can induce various cardiovascular and neurohumoral effects by stimulation of specific adenosine receptors. taken together these effects protect against ischaemia-reperfusion injury of (myocardial)muscles and agsinst the development of atherosclerosis. genetic variations in genes encoding for adenosine receptors or for enzymes involved in the formation or breakdown of adenosine could potentially modulate these effects. in this study, we aim to determine the functional effects of two frequent genetic polymorphisms in the adenosine receptor and ampdeaminase (involved in the formation of adenosine) on the vascular effects of adenosine.

the endogenous nucleoside adenosine can induce various cardiovascular and neurohumoral effects by stimulation of specific adenosine receptors. taken together these effects protect against ischaemia-reperfusion injury of (myocardial)muscles and agsinst the development of atherosclerosis. genetic variations in genes encoding for adenosine receptors or for enzymes involved in the formation or breakdown of adenosine could potentially modulate these effects. in this study, we aim to determine the functional effects of two frequent genetic polymorphisms in the adenosine receptor and ampdeaminase (involved in the formation of adenosine) on the vascular effects of adenosine. in 100 healthy young volunteers, we will determine the genotype of the adenosine a2a receptor gene. we expect to find approximately 15 subjects with the 1976t\>c polymorphisms. it is known that this polymorphism is associated with an increased neuropsychological sensitivity to caffeine administration. we will explore whether this polymorphism is associated with a different vasodilating response to the administration of adenosine and caffeine into the brachial artery. blood flow will be measured with venous occlucion plethysmography. secondly, we will also determine the genotype of the ampd1 gene. we expect to find 15 subjects with the 34c\>t mutation, which is a loss-of-function-mutation. cardiovascular patients with this mutation are known to have a survival benefit. we will explore whether the post-occlusive reactive hyperemia in the forearm is potentiated, because during ischaemia, more adenosine is formed in these subjects.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18-40 year exclusion criteria: * hypertension * diabetes * cardiovascular or pulmonary disease * asthma

Keywords: adenosine polymorphisms blood flow adenosine a2a receptor amp deaminase
aprepitant with dexamethasone versus ondansetron with dexamethasone for ponv prophylaxis in patients having craniotomy

Conditions: Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Summary: we hypothesize that the combination of aprepitant with dexamethasone will provide significantly improved prophylaxis against postoperative nausea and vomiting compared with the combination of ondansetron and dexamethasone, in patients undergoing craniotomy under general anesthesia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: a patient is eligible for inclusion in this study if all of the following criteria apply: * age: 18-75 years of age * surgery: craniotomy under general anesthesia. * american society of anesthesiologists (asa) status: asa: i, ii, or iii * language: fluent in the english language * informed consent: written informed consent must be obtained. exclusion criteria: a patient will not be eligible for inclusion in this study if any one or more of the following criteria apply within thirty days of patient enrollment in this clinical trial: * medical: any condition that may impair a patient's ability to complete any of the study assessments or confound interpretation of results. * hypersensitivity: patient has a known immediate or delayed hypersensitivity reaction or known idiosyncrasy to any of the two study medications, ondansetron, or aprepitant. * other drugs: patients should not be taking medications with known antiemetic properties (phenothiazines, butyrophenones, antihistamines), nor should they receive metoclopramide, or other antiemetics preoperatively or 12 hours before the scheduled surgical procedure. * pregnant or lactating females: a pregnancy test will be performed within 24 hours of entering the study for females of childbearing potential. * substance abuse: clinically significant abuse of substances (alcohol, illicit or prescribed medications) such that the patient is unable to provide informed consent or reliably complete any of the study assessments. * psychiatric disease: history of a psychiatric illness that may impair the patient's ability to provide informed consent or complete any of the study assessments. * nausea verbal rating score (vrs): a vrs nausea score \> 3 (scale 0-10) in the preoperative holding area before pretreatment with the study medications.

Keywords: ponv nausea emesis antiemetics aprepitant ondansetron dexamethasone
comparison between radiofrequency ablation and hypofractionated proton beam radiation for recurrent/residual hcc

Conditions: Recurrent Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Residual Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Summary: this phase 3 study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the comparison between radiofrequency ablation and hypofractionated proton beam radiation.

the sample size for this study was based on a non-inferiority design. primary objective: estimate local progression-free survival (lpfs) rate in two treatments primary endpoint: 2-year lpfs rate expected 2-year lpfs rate in the rfa: 85% accural time and follow up time: 24 months and 24 months, respectively. precision for 2-year lpfs rate estimation: allowing a difference of 15% as the non-inferiority margin, with a power of 80% and a type i error level of 5%, evaluable 68 patients are required. considering 5% of follow-up loss, we need 72 patients in each arm, so a total of 144 patients will be enrolled.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hcc diagnosed as (i) the presence of risk factors including hepatitis b or c virus and liver cirrhosis, a serum a-fetoprotein (afp) level greater than 200 iu/ml and a radiologically compatible feature with hcc in one or more ct/mri/angiograms, or (ii) the presence of risk factors including hepatitis b or c virus and liver cirrhosis, a serum a-fetoprotein (afp) level less than 200 iu/ml, and a radiologically compatible feature with hcc in two or more ct/mri/angiograms or (iii) histological confirmation * hcc patients who had recurrent or residual tumor after other treatments * without evidence of extrahepatic metastasis * the largest diameter of tumor should be less than 3cm, and the number of tumor ≤2 * no previous treatment to target tumors by other forms of rt * liver function of child-pugh class a or b7 (child-pugh score of ≤7) * age of ≥18 years * performance status of 0 to 2 on the eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) score * wbc count ≥ 2,000/mm3; hemoglobin level ≥ 7.5 g/dl; platelet count ≥ 50,000/mm3; and adequate hepatic function (total bilirubin ≤ 3.0 mg/dl; ast and alt \< 5.0× upper limit of normal; no ascites) * no serious comorbidities other than liver cirrhosis * written informed consent exclusion criteria: * evidence of extrahepatic metastasis * age \< 18 years * liver function of child-pugh class b8-9 and c (child-pugh score of \>7) or uncontrolled cases of active chronic hepatitis b * previous history of other forms of rt adjacent to target tumors * poor performance status of 3 to 4 on the eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) score * pregnant or breast feeding status * previous history uncontrolled other malignancies within 2 years

Keywords: hepatocellular proton rfa
the association between systemic microvascular endothelial function and coronary physiology indexes

Conditions: Myocardial Ischemia

Summary: the present study evaluates skin microvascular reactivity and coronary physiology in the same coronary artery disease (cad) patients. this study is expected to find associations between systemic microvascular reactivity, measured non-invasively at the skin surface, and coronary reserve evaluated by the invasive angiographic method.

introduction: microvascular reactivity (mr) evaluated in the skin has been proposed as representative of systemic endothelial function, including coronary circulation. there is a lack of studies investigating the association between skin mr and invasive evaluation of coronary reserve. objective: to evaluate skin mr and coronary physiology in the same coronary artery disease (cad) patients. methods: transversal study, recruiting adult patients with indication for elective coronary angiographic study for the evaluation of cad by an independent medical team. the evaluation of microvascular cutaneous blood flow of the forearm will use laser speckle contrast imaging (lsci) coupled with acetylcholine iontophoresis. coronary physiology will be evaluated in the same patients and in the same day with coronary angiography with lesion assessment by fractional flow reserve (ffr, after intracoronary adenosine administration) and contrast fractional flow reserve (cffr, after intracoronary contrast media administration), with measurements of hyperemic intravascular pressures. ffr and cffr will be performed in vessels with intermediate lesions, as evaluated in quantitative angiography. expected results: this study is expected to find associations between systemic mr, measured non-invasively at the skin surface, and coronary reserve evaluated by the invasive angiographic method.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with intermediate obstructive coronary artery disease (40-80% lumen obstruction of epicardial vessels or 30-60% obstruction of left main coronary artery). exclusion criteria: * st elevation myocardial infarction in the first 72 hours of evolution. * allergy to contrast media or adenosine * asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary artery disease diagnosis * ongoing acute coronary syndrome * systolic blood pressure under 90mmhg * baseline arrhythmias or advanced atrioventricular blockade * advanced arterial calcification * renal failure (defined as serum creatinine above 1.5mg/dl) * saphenous graft or mammary artery graft anastomosis stenosis * severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction.

Keywords: endothelial function coronary flow reserve laser speckle
a study of df6002 alone and in combination with nivolumab

Conditions: Solid Tumors

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety, tolerability, drug-levels, drug-effects and preliminary anti-tumor activity of df6002 alone and in combination with nivolumab in participants with advanced solid tumors.

assess the safety and tolerability of subcutaneous (sc) and intravenous (iv) administration of df6002, as monotherapy and in combination with nivolumab, and to determine the maximum tolerated dose (mtd) and recommended efficacy expansion dose (reed) of sc and iv df6002, both as monotherapy and in combination with nivolumab, for patients with advanced (unresectable, recurrent, or metastatic) solid tumors.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * advanced/metastatic solid tumors, for which no standard therapy exists or standard therapy has failed among the following tumor types: melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, head and neck squamous cell, urothelial, gastric, esophageal, cervical, hepatocellular, merkel cell, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, renal cell, endometrial, triple-negative breast, ovarian, and prostate * ecog performance status of 0 or 1 * clinical or radiological evidence of disease * adequate hematological, hepatic and renal function * anticoagulants are required for the following: khorana risk score ≥ 2 or as assessed by investigator as being at high risk for venous thromboembolism (vte) or history of vte ≥ 6 months from enrollment exclusion criteria: * concurrent anticancer treatment (with the exception of palliative bone directed radiotherapy), immune therapy, or cytokine therapy (except for erythropoietin), major surgery (excluding prior diagnostic biopsy), concurrent systemic therapy with steroids or other immunosuppressive agents, or use of any investigational drug within 28 days before the start of study treatment * prior treatment with df6002, recombinant human interleukin-12 (rhil-12)-directed therapy, or any drug containing an interleukin-12 (il-12) moiety * previous malignant disease other than the current target malignancy within the last 3 years, with the exception of basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, localized prostate cancer or cervical carcinoma in situ * rapidly progressive disease * serious cardiac illness or medical conditions * known diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome or clinically significant hereditary thrombophilia other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria apply

Keywords: advanced or metastatic solid tumors melanoma non-small cell lung cancer nivolumab df6002
safety of oral thrombopoietin receptor agonist in pediatric chronic itp

Conditions: Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonist

Summary: this study aimed to evaluate the response rate and safety of oral thrombopoietin receptor agonist (eltrombopag drug) used for children with chronic immune thrombocytopenia in patients attending assiut university children's hospital.

immune thrombocytopenic purpura (itp) is an autoimmune disease characterized by decrease number of the platelets due to destruction of the platelets by antiplatelet antibodies. also, platelet production can be reduced because the antiplatelet antibodies can also damage megakaryocytes . its prevalence being approximately 8 per 100,000 children it is characterized by temporary or persistent reduction of the platelet number to less than 100 × 109/liter. all new cases at diagnosis are defined as acute itp. while, persistent itp is defined as itp lasting between 3 and 12 months from diagnosis while chronic itp is defined as the presence of itp for more than one-year itp patients have an increased hazard of bleeding that may have no effect on patient's life or have life-threatening danger the goal of treatment in chronic itp is to increase and then keep platelets in a sufficient number to prevent bleeding . meanwhile most life-threatening bleeding occurs with platelet number less than 30 × 109/liter. new guideline recommend that treatment constricted on symptomatic patients with number lower than 30 × 109/liter (3,6) new guidelines recommended that corticosteroids as first-line therapy and splenectomy considered as one of several second-line therapies. other choices exist for itp patients with insufficient response or who do not undergo to splenectomy including ivig, iv anti-d, rituximab, danazol, azathioprine, vinca alkaloids and cyclophosphamide new consensus statements and guidelines recommend thrombopoietin-receptor (tpo-r) agonists as second and third line of treatment eltrombopag consider the first oral, nonpeptide tpo-r agonist accepted for the treatment of chronic itp in patients with insufficient response to at least one other therapy it rises platelet number by increase platelet production by binding to the transmembrane domain of the tpo-r. it does not compete with endogenous tpo in vitro and it enhance production and differentiation of bm progenitor cells in the megakaryocytic lineage

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects between 2 year and \<18 years of age in both sex * confirmed diagnosis of chronic itp * all patient received oral thrombopoietin receptor agonist (eltrombopag) for 6 months or more exclusion criteria: * age of the patient \ 18 years * secondary thrombocytopenia * concurrent or past malignant disease, including myeloproliferative disorder * patient with platelet agglutination abnormality that prevents reliable measurement of platelet counts * patient with bone marrow aplasia
vitamin a, its receptors and asthma

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: we wish to understand the association of vitamin a serum levels and vitamin a receptor number and responsiveness in asthmatics. we believe that vitamin a receptors may be less prevalent in asthmatics and their responsiveness decreased.

we wish to define the association of asthma, vitamin a serum levels and vitamin a receptor number and responsiveness on circulating mononuclear cells. asthma is a complex, heterogenous and often debilitating and potentially deadly disease. the causes for asthma are many, with susceptibility and resistance to treatment is poorly understood. ultimately, looking at this disease from another angle such as the role of vitamin a and/or receptors can help us learn more about the pathophysiology and treatment of asthma.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with previously diagnosed asthma on inhaled corticosteroids, systemic steroids and/or long acting beta agonist (for a period of 6 mo to 5 years) * age 18-64 * male or female exclusion criteria: * children under age 18 * adults 65 or older * patients with copd

Keywords: asthma, retinol, cis-retinoic acid
nutraceuticals and vascular remodelling

Conditions: Hypercholesterolemia

Summary: aim of the study is to assess the effect of a long-term nutraceutical multitarget approach on lipid profile, inflammatory mediators and vascular remodeling in primary cardiovascular prevention in a setting of controlled dietary habits. the nutraceutical combination used in this study consists of a single pill containing 333 mg of ryr, equivalent to 10 mg of monacolin k, and 30 mg of coenzyme q10 (coq10).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * total cholesterol \> 150 mg/dl and \< 250 mg/dl; * triglycerides \> 150 mg/dl and \< 500 mg/dl; * fasting glucose \< 126 mg/dl; * stable antihypertensive treatment (at least for 6 months) in presence of hypertension. exclusion criteria: * total cholesterol \> 250 mg/dl * triglycerides \> 500 mg/dl * previous statin therapy (last 6 months); * treatment with hypoglycemic agents and/or fasting glucose \> 126 mg/dl; * chronic gastrointestinal disorders; * chronic kidney disease (egfr \< 60 ml/min/1.73 m2); * concomitant treatment with drugs potentially interfering with glucose and lipid metabolism; - history of cardiovascular diseases; * proven intolerance to any component of the nutraceutical product; * pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Keywords: atherosclerosis carotid lipid profile
corneal versus conjunctival delivery using a delivery device

Conditions: Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Ocular Hypertension

Summary: compare the antihypertensive efficacy of three methods for installing xalatan


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension in 1 or both eyes exclusion criteria: * history of closed/barely open anterior chamber angle or a history of angle closure

Keywords: primary open angle glaucoma
photo neuro-modulation therapy to adults

Conditions: Photo Neuro-Modulation Therapy, Mild Cognitive Impairment

Summary: it is well-documented that mild cognitive impairment (mci) is associated frontal lobe dysfunction and executive dysfunction. in addition, many studies reported high level of mci symptoms among the elderly and the trend is increasing in hong kong. based upon the link between mci and frontal and executive function problems, it is conceivable that elderly who exhibits high levels of memory problems would exhibit frontal and executive function problems. to our knowledge, there is still a lack of effective treatment or therapy for mci, it is important to investigate effective intervention that can efficiently improve the cognitive ability of mci patients or patients with mild memory problems. the objective of the present study is to compare individuals with mild memory problems after the photo neuro-modulation therapy (pnmt) and those who do not. 40 middle aged and older adults were recruited from the subject database of the neuropsychology laboratory of the chinese university of hong kong. participants were divided randomly and equally into treatment group, as well as the placebo group. several computerized executive function tests will be used before and after the treatment under the recording of near-infrared spectroscopy (nirs), which estimates level of frontal activation. it is hypothesized that compared to participants without pnmt, those with pnmt will have a better performance in the executive function tasks and exhibit a higher frontal activation. the cognitive and neurophysiological results would provide evidences on the possibility of pnmt in treating individuals with mild memory problems, as well as with other mental disorders.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 40 middle age and older adults with aged 40 or above who have subjective memory complaints exclusion criteria: * a history of head injury, or any neurological/psychiatric disorders, and dementia will be excluded. in addition, a score higher than 7 on the short form of the chinese geriatric depression scale (cgds-sf; lee, chiu, kwok, \& leung, 1993)
the effect of on-line hemodiafiltratrion on nutritional status and body composition

Conditions: Chronic Kidney Disease Requiring Chronic Dialysis

Summary: compared to conventional hemodialysis (hd), on-line hemodiafiltration (ol-hdf) achieves a more efficient removal of uremic toxins and reduces inflammation, which could favourably affect nutritional status. the aim of this study was to evaluate the 1-year effect of ol-hdf on nutritional status and body composition in prevalent hd patients.

postdilution on-line hemodiafiltration (ol-hdf) is considered the most efficient renal replacement treatment modality. compared with conventional hemodialysis (hd), ol-hdf enables a better removal of middle molecular weight uremic toxins by combining convective and diffusive clearance. although higher convection volume exchange has been associated with an increased survival advantage for dialysis patients, the mechanisms by which ol-hdf may improve outcomes remain unknown. on the basis of improved toxin removal, a potential benefit of ol-hdf on nutritional status has been postulated. however, evidence on the effect of ol-hdf on nutritional status is scarce and at times conflicting. some observational and interventional studies have suggested that ol-hdf is associated with improved nutritional parameters; others have found no effect; and one study even reported negative effects of ol-hdf on nutritional status. the majority of these observations come from cohort studies, non-controlled interventions and/or secondary analysis of controlled trials. further, there are currently no data examining the plausible effect of postdilution ol-hdf on body composition. to clarify this important knowledge gap, this prospective, controlled, study evaluated the effects of high volume postdilution ol-hdf on nutritional status and body composition in prevalent hd patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * being over 18 yr old; receiving stable high-flux hemodialysis treatment for at least 3 mo (kt/vurea ≥1.2 and hemodialysis performed 3.0 to 6.0 h, three times weekly), and agreed to give informed consent. exclusion criteria: * malabsorption syndrome; active malignant disease or other critical illnesses; or treated with steroids or antiandrogens.

Keywords: body composition bioimpedance hemodialysis hemodiafiltration nutritional status protein energy wasting