Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
morbid rates after spiriva chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) protocol change

Conditions: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive

Summary: this study evaluates hospitalizations and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) before and after the implantation of a new copd treatment plan (replacement of tiotropium soft mist inhaler for glycopyrronium dry powder inhaler) by the health state secretariat of federal district in brazil.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients older than 40 years of age at the time of hospital admission * diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) according to the international statistical classification of diseases and related health problems version 10 (icd-10) established by the health care protocol of the health secretariat of federal district (ses/df), with the following codes: * j41.0 - simple chronic bronchitis * j41.1 - mucopurulent chronic bronchitis * j41.8 - mixed simple and mucopurulent chronic bronchitis * j42 - unspecified chronic bronchitis * j43.1 - panlobular emphysema * j43.2 - centrilobular emphysema * j43.8 - other emphysema * j43.9 - emphysema, unspecified * j44.0 - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute lower respiratory infection * j44.1 - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbation, unspecified * j44.8 - other specified chronic obstructive pulmonary disease * j44.9 - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, unspecified exclusion criteria: * patients younger than 40 yeas of age at the time of hospital admission
united for health: type 2 diabetes prevention in latino teens

Conditions: Prediabetic State; Insulin Resistance; Type2 Diabetes; Stress; Adolescent Development; Family Research

Summary: this study pilots the feasibility and acceptability of a family-based lifestyle intervention for decreasing diabetes risk called "salud sin barreras" (meaning, "health without barriers") delivered in the community to latino teens at risk for type 2 diabetes. this program combines traditional lifestyle intervention to change eating and physical activity with learning mindfulness-based stress reduction tools. we also are exploring how salud sin barreras lowers stress and improves insulin resistance in latino teens, as compared to lifestyle-only intervention, the "la vida saludable" (meaning, the healthy living program; help).

this study is a comparative effectiveness pilot trial to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a 12-session community-delivered, family-based type 2 diabetes preventative lifestyle intervention, delivered over 6 weeks, that includes mindfulness-based stress reduction training - "salud sin barreras" (meaning, "health without barriers") - in up to 50 hispanic/latino adolescents who are at-risk for developing type 2 diabetes. we also will estimate the effectiveness of salud sin barreras for lowering perceived stress and improving insulin resistance as compared to a time-matched lifestyle-only intervention, the "la vida saludable" (meaning, the healthy living program; help) in hispanic/latino adolescents at-risk for type 2 diabetes. in addition, we will estimate the impact of the salud sin barreras program, relative to help, on the secondary outcomes of mindfulness, depressive symptoms, disinhibited eating behavior, sleep quality, physical activity, cortisol, and perceived impact of discrimination.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 12-15 years * identify as hispanic/latino * english speaking * at-risk for t2d by virtue of current bmi ≥ 85th percentile for age and sex by cdc 2000 standards and ≥ 1 first or second degree biological relative with t2d, prediabetes, or gestational diabetes * currently a salud family health center patient or willing to become a patient of salud family health center (required to complete medical assessments at salud) exclusion criteria: * major medical problem, including type 1 diabetes or t2d * reported psychiatric disorder that would impede compliance in the opinion of the investigators * started use of medication affecting mood or body weight, such as stimulants or anti-depressants within the past 3 months * any medical issues that could be acutely worsened by exercise such as severe or uncontrolled asthma or musculoskeletal problems * self-reported pregnancy in girls
transcranial magnetic stimulation (tms) for treatment of auditory hallucinations

Conditions: Auditory Hallucinations

Summary: transcranial magnetic stimulation (tms) involves the use of magnetic fields to non-invasively stimulate the brain. studies overseas have suggested this may be an effective and safe treatment for auditory hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia. this is a sham-controlled, double-blind trial of tms stimulation for the treatment of auditory hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * over 18, with dsm-iv diagnosis of schizophrenia and auditory hallucinations of clear external origins, refractory to pharmacotherapy and occurring at least 5 times per day. exclusion criteria: * subjects with contraindications to tms (e.g. epilepsy, pacemaker) or those with an unacceptably high risk (e.g. suicide risk) will be excluded from the study.

Keywords: auditory hallucinations
determination of optimal cutoff value for screening severe hypoxemic osa (obstructive sleep apnea) patients

Conditions: Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

Summary: the 4 following scores have been proposed to detect osa (obstructive sleep apnea): des-osa, stop-bang, p-sap, and osa50. the aim of this study is to evaluate the optimal cutoff value of these four scores to detect specifically serve osa patients with hypoxemia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients scheduled to have a psg in the sleep laboratory center. exclusion criteria: * patients \< 18 years
platelet count trends in pre-eclamptic parturients

Conditions: Obstetric Labor Complications; Preeclampsia; Thrombocytopenia

Summary: thrombocytopenia (platelet count \< 100,000/ml) occurs in approximately 15% of women with preeclampsia. neuraxial analgesia is contraindicated in parturients with a coagulopathy; therefore, the platelet count(pc) is routinely checked prior to the initiation of neuraxial analgesia in women with preeclampsia/eclampsia. catheter removal is also contraindicated in the presence of a coagulopathy. some women have an acceptable pc at the initiation of neuraxial analgesia, but may become significantly more thrombocytopenic during labor and delivery. in a study of severely preeclamptic parturients, some with hellp (h=hemolysis of red blood cells, el=elevated liver enzymes, lp=low platelet count) syndrome, the admission pc correlated with the pc nadir. however, the natural progression of the pc has not been studied in women with mild preeclampsia. we hypothesize that women with mild preeclampsia or severe preeclampsia without hellp syndrome, and whose admission pc is greater than 150,000/ml, will have a stable pc during the course of labor and delivery and do not require another pc check prior to initiation of neuraxial analgesia or removal of the epidural catheter. the purpose of this study is to determine the positive predictive value of an initial pc greater than 150,000/ml for maintaining a pc greater than 80,000/ml during labor and delivery.

all women who delivered from 1/2000 through 12/2002, with the discharge diagnosis of mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia (including hellp and eclampsia), and preeclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension were identified through the perinatal database. platelet counts (pc) for each patient, from one month prior to the delivery admission, until hospital discharge, were analyzed. the number of pc determinations per parturient was determined. for each diagnosis, the positive predictive value (ppv) of an initial pc \> 150,000/ml for maintaining subsequent pc \> 80,000/ml, as well as the ppv of the pc prior to initiation of neuraxial analgesia was calculated. the median time interval from the closest pc determination to initiation of neuraxial analgesia was calculated.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all participants who delivered between january 1, 2000 and december 31, 2002, identified as having preeclampsia (without hellp syndrome) in the perinatal database. exclusion criteria: * participants not diagnosed with preeclampsia and/or outside the given criteria dates.

Keywords: platelets labor preeclampsia
a retrospective study on the treatment pattern and clinical prognosis of severe tuberculosis patients

Conditions: Tuberculosis

Summary: this is a retrospective clinical study to analyze the clinical characteristics, complications, and effects of different treatment options on long-term prognosis of severe tuberculosis patients. all cases of severe tuberculosis diagnosed between 2016 and 2021 were included in the electronic medical record system of one center, and data such as demographics, hospitalization information, clinical information, laboratory or imaging examinations, treatment plans, and outcomes were collected.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. for patients with severe pulmonary tuberculosis, imaging and grading diagnosis meet any of the following: 1. damaged lung ≥ 1 lobe 2. chest ct shows lesions in ≥3 lung lobes 3. hematogenous disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis 4. caseous pneumonia 5. bronchial tuberculosis 6. multiple hilar or mediastinal lymph node enlargement in primary pulmonary tuberculosis 7. rifampicin-resistant, multidrug-resistant, polydrug-resistant or pan-drug-resistant tuberculosis 8. combined more than 2 cavities over 8mm 9. tuberculous massive hemoptysis 10. pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with acute infection (including multidrug-resistant bacterial infection, fungal infection or multiple infection) 11. combined with extrapulmonary tuberculosis * intracranial tuberculosis, spinal cord and/or meningeal tuberculosis * pleural effusion, pericardial effusion * empyema or empyema, hemopneumothorax, tracheobronchopleural fistula and severe infection. * heart failure caused by cardiac tamponade or constrictive pericarditis * multiple sites of lymphatic tuberculosis or surgery is necessary * cervical lymphatic tuberculosis * mediastinal lymphatic tuberculosis * abdominal or retroperitoneal lymph node tuberculosis * abdominal tuberculosis, tuberculous peritonitis (ascites or multiple serous cavities) * intestinal tuberculosis causes complete or incomplete intestinal root obstruction or perforation or massive bleeding or severe abdominal infection * gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused by tuberculosis of the digestive system, etc. * musculoskeletal tuberculosis * spinal (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral) tuberculosis * bones in other parts * merge surrounding abscess * urinary or renal tuberculosis * renal failure or damaged blood vessels caused by renal tuberculosis * ureteral stenosis or blockage caused by urinary tuberculosis * adrenal tuberculosis in hypoadrenal insufficiency * liver tuberculosis 2. age and gender are not limited. exclusion criteria: * patients with no clear diagnosis at discharge. * patients judged by the investigator to be unsuitable for inclusion in this protocol. * the discharge diagnosis was central nervous system tuberculosis, or tuberculous meningitis, or tuberculous cerebrospinal meningitis, or tuberculous meningoencephalitis, or tuberculous encephalitis, or tuberculous brain abscess, or spinal tuberculosis, or tuberculous hydrocephalus, and is currently participating in other clinical studies.
study of pregabalin versus placebo in the treatment of nerve pain associated with hiv neuropathy

Conditions: HIV Infections; Peripheral Neuropathy

Summary: study to determine if pregabalin is more effective than placebo in treating subjects with nerve pain associated with hiv neuropathy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects with confirmed diagnosis of hiv infection * hiv-associated neuropathic pain (nerve pain) for at least 3 months prior to study start * subjects with moderate to severe pain * subjects on stable hiv and pain medications (some medications are not allowed to be taken while participating in the study). exclusion criteria: * pregnant or breast feeding females * subjects using street drugs or alcohol abusers during the study * subject's on anti-diabetic medications * use of neuroregenerative agents or neurotoxic chemotherapeutic agents 3 months prior to study start and throughout the study * use of neurotoxic drugs (other than d-drugs) within a month prior to study start and throughout the study.
effect of massage therapy and occlusal splint therapy on the electromyographic activity and mandibular range of motion in individuals with temporomandibular disorder

Conditions: Temporomandibular Disorder

Summary: the objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of massage therapy and occlusal splint therapy in the electromyographic activity and mandibular range of motion (rom) in individuals with temporomandibular disorder (tmd) and compare the results with those obtained in a group of individuals without this disorder. twenty-eight volunteers with tmd were randomly distributed into two groups, massage therapy and occlusal splint. both treatments lasted 4 weeks. fourteen individuals without tmd were consecutively allocated to the control group. the fonseca's anamnestic index was used to characterize tmd and allocate the volunteers to either the intervention groups or control group. the electromyographic activity and mandibular rom was evaluated before and after treatment using a digital caliper. two-way analysis of variance with the bonferroni test was used for inter and intragroup comparisons (level of significance was set to 5%). cohen's d was used to calculate the effect size.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and female volunteers * aged 18 to 40 years exclusion criteria: * occurrence of missing teeth * current use of orthodontic appliance * history of systemic or joint disease * current use of analgesic, anti-inflammatory agent or muscle relaxant and currently undergoing physical therapy.

Keywords: physical therapy modalities facial pain orthodontic appliances
effects of different assisted mechanical ventilation in acute lung injury (ali)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) patients

Conditions: Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult

Summary: the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects in terms of gas exchange, respiratory mechanics and comfort of breathing, of different assisted mechanical ventilation in ali/ards patients.

ali/ards patients (during assisted ventilation) will be ventilated with different types of assisted ventilation (pressure support, pressure support plus sigh, bipap, variable ventilation) and gas exchange, comfort of breathing, respiratory mechanics and pattern of breathing will be measured.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with ali/ards exclusion criteria: * copd patients * barotrauma * hemodynamic instability * age less than 18

Keywords: ards ali respiratory mechanics gas exchange assisted ventilation
effects of selective laser trabeculoplasty

Conditions: Glaucoma

Summary: primary objective is to evaluate the effect of selective laser trabeculoplasty (slt) on the diurnal intraocular pressure variation in open-angle glaucoma patients (oag).

this is a prospective observational study of oag patients undergoing selective laser trabeculoplasty at the university of kentucky chandler medical center. the patients will be recruited over 12 months. study will include 3 visits: pre-laser visit, visit for laser treatment and post-laser visit. all visits will occur within a 3-month period.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects who have the diagnosis of open angle glaucoma * subjects who are able to speak and understand english and provide meaningful written informed consent, * subjects who are willing and able to comply with all testing and requirements defined in the protocol and willing and able to comply with all required study visits. exclusion criteria: * subjects with previous laser treatment or intraocular surgery, * subjects with history of ocular inflammation and with history of previous ocular trauma.
selonsertib in adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension

Conditions: Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Summary: the primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of selonsertib (gs-4997) on pulmonary vascular resistance (pvr), as measured by right heart catheterization (rhc) in adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension (pah). the study will consist of a 24-week placebo-controlled treatment period and a long-term selonsertib treatment period. participants completing the 24-week placebo-controlled period will be eligible to receive active treatment with selonsertib in the long-term treatment period.


Eligibility criteria:
key inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (ipah), heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (hpah), drug- and toxin-induced pah, or pah associated with connective tissue disease, human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection, or congenital heart defects (repaired greater than 1 year prior to screening) * meet all of the following hemodynamic criteria by means of a screening right heart catheterization (rhc) completed prior to randomization: * mean pulmonary artery pressure (mpap) of greater than or equal to (≥) 25 millimeters of mercury (mm hg) * pulmonary vascular resistance (pvr) ≥ 400 dyne\* second/centimeter\^5 (dynes\*sec/cm\^5) * pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (pcwp) or left ventricular end diastolic pressure (lvedp) of less than or equal to (≤) 12 mm hg if pvr ≥ 400 and less than (\<) 500 dynes\*sec/cm\^5, or pcwp/lvedp ≤ 15 mm hg if pvr ≥ 500 dynes•sec/cm\^5 * be able to walk a distance of at least 100 meters * have world health organization (who) functional class ii or iii symptoms * meet the following criteria determined by pulmonary function tests completed no more than 24 weeks prior to screening, performed with or without bronchodilation: * forced expiratory volume in one second (fev1) ≥ 55 percent (%) of predicted normal * fev1: forced vital capacity (fvc) ratio ≥ 0.60 * receiving treatment with one or more drugs approved for pah for ≥ 12 consecutive weeks and at stable dose for ≥ 8 consecutive weeks key exclusion criteria: * diagnosis of pah associated with significant venous or capillary involvement (pcwp greater than \[\>\] 15 mm hg), pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis, portal hypertension, or unrepaired congenital heart defects * pulmonary hypertension (ph) belonging to groups 2 to 5 of the 2013 nice classification * left ventricular ejection fraction (lvef) ≤ 40% or clinically significant ischemic, valvular or constrictive heart disease * uncontrolled hypertension (≥ 180/110 mm hg) at screening * end stage renal disease (receiving peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, or status after renal transplantation) * severe liver disease (child-pugh class c, with or without cirrhosis) individuals may be rescreened one additional time with prior notification to and approval by the sponsor. note: other protocol defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply.
fear of recurrence pilot intervention for women with breast cancer

Conditions: Cancer Recurrence

Summary: the primary objective of this pilot study is to examine the feasibility and acceptability of a randomized, controlled study of a mindfulness and values-based living intervention targeted at reducing fear of recurrence in breast cancer survivors compared to treatment as usual control. furthermore, the secondary objective of this randomized, controlled pilot study is to determine preliminary efficacy and effect size of the mindfulness and values-based living intervention compared to the treatment as usual control condition in reducing fear of recurrence in breast cancer survivors.

fear of cancer recurrence (fcr) is pervasive, distressing and undermines quality of life in cancer survivors. for subgroups of survivors, fcr is implicated in both treatment non-adherence and medical over-utilization. although some degree of fcr is nearly universal among cancer patients, effective psychological interventions have been understudied. educational and cognitive approaches that have relied on reassurance may feed into the anxiety by encouraging experiential avoidance, according to behavioral theories of anxiety. mindfulness and values based living approaches teach techniques for reducing experiential avoidance allowing patients to break this cycle and focus on functional, satisfying lives. interventions based on these techniques offer promise for addressing fcr in breast cancer survivors.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed with early stage breast cancer within the past 18 months; * completed active treatment within the past year * at least mild anxiety, and/or at least moderate fear of recurrence as measured by screening questionnaires. * ability to give written informed consent and willingness to comply with the requirements of the protocol exclusion criteria: * presence of clinically significant cognitive impairment, or comorbid psychiatric or physical illness, only if, in the pi's or co-is' opinions, such illness would interfere with the ability to participate in and complete the intervention; * inability to speak and comprehend english sufficiently to complete the intervention. * we will use a screening questionnaire (administered over the phone by the research associate) to determine that women do not have a comorbid physical or mental illness that is so impairing that they would be unable to participate in the groups or complete the measures.

Keywords: fear and health worries about cancer recurrence