Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
pooled analysis of nhanes i/ii--race, gender, and chd

Conditions: Cardiovascular Diseases; Coronary Disease; Heart Diseases

Summary: to conduct a pooled analysis of nhanes i/ii data on race, gender, and coronary heart disease.

background: over the last 25 years, a sustained and marked decline in death rates from coronary heart disease (chd) has occurred for all major segments of the u.s. population. recently, however, the decline has proceeded less rapidly in blacks than in whites, and in women than men. these trends have focused further attention on possible heterogeneity in the risk factor patterns among the demographic sub-groups. previous studies of chd risk factors in blacks and whites using the first national health and examination survey epidemiologic follow-up study (nhefs-i, 11-year follow-up), including this group's own work, demonstrate its potential strengths, while at the same time foundering on the problem of low statistical power. with the extension of the follow-up of nhanes-i cohort (1971-1974) to 1987 (14 years) and the completion of 14-year follow-up for nhanes ii cohort (1976-1980), a strong rationale exists to undertake a "pooling project." the resulting data set would provide optimal characterization of chd risk at the national level. design narrative: the study sought to determine whether data from nhanes i and nhanes ii could be pooled. to accomplish this, the distribution of baseline measures was assessed and a determination was made whether the same logistic prediction equations fitted both studies. also, gender-race differences were examined in individual exposure-outcome relationships, patterns of co-morbidity, and population attributable risks. the study completion date listed in this record was obtained from the "end date" entered in the protocol registration and results system (prs) record.

Eligibility criteria:
no eligibility criteria
peer-presented versus mental health service provider-presented mental health outreach programs for university students

Conditions: Stress; Self Efficacy; Social Support; Social Connectedness; Mindfulness; Quality of Life

Summary: the overarching goal of the present study was to evaluate a mhsp-presented versus peer-presented mental health resilience skills-building online video outreach program against a wait-list comparison group.

participants were recruited using a study flyer distributed to students in-person on campus and online through email listservs, social media platforms, and from an existing database of university students who participated in previous studies and agreed to be followed-up with. given the self-paced nature of the program, a staggered recruitment approach was used wherein new participants completed the online baseline questionnaires between january 2020 until early march 2020. participants were randomly assigned to one of the three groups (mhsp-presented, peer-presented, or a wait-list comparison group), while counterbalancing the three groups based on gender and preference for seeking help from mhsps or peers (i.e., using results from the general help-seeking questionnaire). two weeks after the baseline questionnaire was sent, participants in the intervention groups received either the mhsp-presented video or the peer-presented video (video 1) depending on which group they were randomly assigned to, as well as a link for access to the resource library. the following two videos were sent two weeks apart. participants were encouraged to access the resource library over the duration of the program and were reminded with each video link sent. all participants then received post (t2) and follow-up measures (t3) 6 and 10 weeks following the baseline completion respectively. participants in the wait-list comparison group were only asked to complete evaluation measures at the three time points (they only received the videos and resource library at the end of the study). following completion of the study, students received an e-mail with a personalized profile indicating their individual scores on various measures and all participants received full access to the program resources (videos and resource library).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants were eligible for the study if they were between 18- 29 years of age, given the unique stressors associated with the developmental period of emerging adulthood (18-29 years old). * participants were required to have access to the internet (at least weekly) as the study was completed entirely online.
discontinuation of antibiotic susceptibility testing on enterococcus faecalis positive urine cultures in hospitalized patients: an impact on antibiotic prescriptions? (faecacible)

Conditions: Antibiotic Susceptibility Reporting

Summary: the objective of the study is to evaluate the impact of not reporting antibiotic susceptibility tests on antibiotic consumption for enterococcus faecalis positive urine cultures in adult hospitalized patients. the secondary objectives are to evaluate the impact of this intervention on antibiotic prescription rates as well as on antibiotic consumption according to: patient gender, type of antibiotic therapy (probabilistic/documented) and diagnosis (urinary tract infection or colonization). it is hypothesized that antibiotic consumption is lower after the application of the absence of antibiotic susceptibility reporting compared to before.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * person having received complete information on the organization of the research and not having objected to the exploitation of these data * adult patients (more than 18); * having performed a urine culture at the nancy university hospital, taken from the 2nd urine stream, by urinary catheter or via a suprapubic catheter and whose culture is positive for monomicrobial e. faecalis with a bacteriuria threshold greater than or equal to 10\^3 cfu/field; * hospitalized at the nancy university hospital at least 72 hours after validation of the antibiotic susceptibility test in the pre-intervention period and at least 72 hours after validation of the culture in the post-intervention period. exclusion criteria: * inpatients in hematology, critical care/intensive care, consultation and day hospital units; * urine cultures performed in ambulatory units ; * urine culture performed in the critical care/intensive care/hematology units; * patients discharged from hospital/deceased/transferred to intensive care within 72 hours of the validation of the antibiotic susceptibility test or the validation of the urine culture; * patients with associated e. faecalis bacteremia; * urine culture without an antibiotic susceptibility test for the pre-intervention period; * urine culture with a monomicrobial history of less than 1 week; * culture of urine from pyelic punctures or nephrostomy tubes - conservation of those from second streams, urinary catheters and suprapubic catheters).
yuva sath: a peer-led behavioral intervention to support substance use treatment and hiv prevention among young people who inject drugs in india

Conditions: Hiv; Substance Use Disorders

Summary: the goal of this pilot randomized controlled trial is to learn if yuva sath, a youth-tailored peer-led behavioral intervention, can support substance use treatment engagement and hiv prevention among young people who inject drugs in india. the main questions it aims to answer are: * is yuva sath feasible and is it acceptable to young people who inject drugs in india ? * can yuva sath improve engagement in substance use treatment, increase use of hiv prevention services and decrease substance use and risk behaviors among young people who inject drugs in india ? researchers will compare participants who receive the yuva sath behavioral intervention to participants who do not to see if the behavioral intervention improves substance use treatment engagement and hiv prevention. participants will: * receive a total of 6 one-on-one sessions, and weekly phone text check-ins from peer counselors over a course of 6 months. * complete monthly random urine drug screens * complete in-person study questionnaires every 3 months * report substance use and risk behaviors weekly to peer counselors through a brief phone text message survey


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18-29 years; * receiving medications for opioid use disorder (moud) for at least 3 months and receipt frequency \< 2 times a week exclusion criteria: * receiving medications for opioid use disorder (moud) for less than 3 months and receipt frequency \>= 2 times a week * requiring urgent medical attention * inability to provide informed consent

Keywords: youth india people who inject drugs
grading scale of vitreous haze in patients with uveitis using ultrasonography

Conditions: Uveitis

Summary: this study is aimed at creation and validation of a vitreous haze scoring system using ultrasonography b-scan of the eye. images will be obtained from patients with uveitis and quantification of inflammation will be done to create the scoring scale.

patients with uveitis may present with vitreous haze (vh) resulting in obscuration of fundus details. vh is composed of cells and protein exudation and results in decrease visual acuity.the degree of vh is an important indicator of disease activity, severity and response to therapy in patients with uveitis. color fundus images are commonly used to objectively document vh.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * • ability to provide written informed consent and comply with study assessments for the full duration of the study * age 18 -90 years * diagnosis of uveitis exclusion criteria: * • patients with posterior segment complications including retinal detachment, choroidal detachment or hemorrhage * patients with any intraocular foreign body or displaced intraocular lens * patients with silicon oil filled eye or with gas tamponade. * patients with vitreous hemorrhage * patients with media opacity including visually significant cataract that precludes grading of vh based on fundus photography

Keywords: vitreous haze ocular ultrasound b scan uveitis
effects and costs of respiratory muscle training in institutionalized elderly people

Conditions: Muscle Weakness; Syndrome; Institutionalization; Respiratory Morbidity; Cardiovascular Morbidity

Summary: the global loss of muscle mass and strength associated with aging is a cause of functional impairment and disability, particularly in the older elderly (\>80 years). respiratory function can be severely compromised if there is a decrease of respiratory (rm) strength complicated by the presence of comorbidities and physical immobility. in this context, the need for supportive services involves the need for long-term care and consequently the institutionalization. previous studies have shown that the increase of rm strength has positive healthy effects, such as the increase in functional capacity, the decrease in rm fatigue, the decrease of dyspnoea and the improvement of quality of life, both in healthy people and patients. therefore, specific rm training may be regarded as a beneficial alternative to improve rm function, and thus prevent physical and clinical deterioration in this frail population. study hypothesis: the inspiratory muscle training (imt) would improve respiratory muscle strength and endurance, exercise capacity and quality of life in an elderly population, who are unable to engage in general exercise conditioning.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * people aged \> 65 years * barthel index \< 75 score * mini-mental state examination ≥ 20 score * inspiratory muscle weakness (mip ≤ 30% predicted value) exclusion criteria: * ability to independently walk more than 14 m * significant chronic cardiorespiratory diagnoses * acute cardiorespiratory episode during the 2 previous months * neurological, muscular, or neuromuscular problems interfering with the capacity to engage in the tests and training protocol * active smokers or former smokers (\< 5 years) * a terminal disease

Keywords: frail elderly muscle weakness institutionalization respiratory muscle training
a study comparing etoposide/cisplatin with irinotecan/cisplatin to treat extensive disease small lung cancer

Conditions: Small Cell Lung Cancer

Summary: this study is a randomized, multi-center clinical trial. patients are stratified according to performance status (ecog 0, 1 vs 2) and institution. patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms. arm a: patients receive etoposide iv on days 1, 2, 3 and cisplatin iv on day 1. courses repeat every 3 weeks arm b: patients receive irinotecan iv on days 1, 8 and cisplatin iv on day 1. coursed repeated every 3 weeks treatment in both arms continues for 6 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. patients are followed every 3 months for 1.5 years


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * histologically or cytologically diagnosed small cell lung cancer * extensive disease (distant metastasis, contralateral hilar lymph node involvement, or cytologically confirmed malignant pleural effusion) * if patients have brain metastasis with neurological symptom, they should be stabilized neurologically with prior radiotherapy or surgery for the brain metastasis (no neurologic symptom in progress and without further steroid treatment) * no prior chemotherapy, immunotherapy, surgery or radiotherapy for small cell lung cancer (local radiotherapy for brain or bone metastasis with symptom is permitted, in which case patients can be enrolled in this study when they have recovered from toxicity of radiotherapy) * one or more measurable disease by recist criteria * at least 18 years of age * performance status of 0, 1 and 2 on the eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) criteria * adequate hematologic (neutrophil count \>= 1,500/ul, platelets \>= 100,000/ul), hepatic (transaminase =\< upper normal limit(unl)x2.5, bilirubin level =\< unlx1.5), and renal (creatinine =\< unl) function * informed consent from patient which conforms to institutional review board exclusion criteria: * history of cured basal cell carcinoma or cured uterine cervical malignancy except for carcinoma in situ within 5 years * medically uncontrolled serious heart, lung, neurological, psychological, metabolic disease * uncontrolled serious infection * enrollment in other study within 30 days

Keywords: small cell lung cancer extensive disease chemotherapy randomisation
evaluating a community-based behaviour change communication model to prevent cholangiocarcinoma in khon kaen, thailand

Conditions: Cholangiocarcinoma; Liver Fluke-Related Cholangiocarcinoma; Opisthorchiasis

Summary: liver cancer, specifically cholangiocarcinoma (cca), is very common in different areas in thailand. many factors make this cancer more common, such as liver fluke infection, older age, eating raw fish, family history of cancer, alcohol intake, taking certain medicines (praziquantel), low intake of fresh vegetable, and low education. in 2015, researchers from khon kaen university developed the community-based health education and communication (chec) program to prevent liver cancer caused by liver flukes in communities of the khon kaen province, thailand. the main aim of this 5-year research study is to enhance the chec program to prevent liver cancer, and test if it is effective in improving the knowledge and behaviours of community residents regarding how to prevent liver cancer. this study will take place in khon kaen, thailand. other aims are to: 1. increase understanding in the community that make it difficult to prevent liver cancer, as well as community characteristics that can help prevent liver cancer; 2. incorporate the program we develop in healthcare to prevent liver cancer in thailand.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * any individual residing in one of the 16 villages selected in the khon kaen province of thailand, aged 20 and older exclusion criteria: * any individual 19 years or younger * any individual not residing in one of the 16 pre-selected villages in the khon kaen province of thailand

Keywords: health education community-based education complex intervention
placenta accreta index score in placenta accreta spectrum

Conditions: Placenta Accreta, Third Trimester

Summary: role of placenta accreta index score in prediction of conservative surgery for placenta placenta accreta spectrum

in this study ,we will recruit 60 cases diagnosed placenta previa accreta by 2d ultrasound and doppler then patients will have 3d doppler to calculate placenta accreta index score according to agarawl et al criteria , patients will have cs accroding to our hospital protocol "al demerdash maternity hospital ,ainshams university" .intraoperative findings will be noticed ,postoperative histopathological examination may br needed in cases of cs hystrectomy ,placenta accreta index score will be compared to intra and postoperative findings , patients will be followed up for two weeks after delivery for any postoperative complication

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * • pregnant women above 28 weeks gestation by 1st trimesteric u/s,2nd trimesteric u/s or sure reliable dates; diagnosed as placenta previa by 2d ultrasound, doppler on placental bed. * patients who have done one or more cesarean sections exclusion criteria: * patients who refuse to participate in our study.
assessment of an oral influenza b vaccine tablet (vxa-byw.10) following single dose administration in healthy adults

Conditions: Seasonal Influenza B

Summary: this is a phase 1, single-center, placeb-controlled, double-blind study. the purpose of this study is to determine the safety and immunogenicity of an oral vaccine tablet to prevent seasonal influenza b tested at two dose levels (low and high dose). the study will enroll 27 subjects in the low dose cohorts (3 sentinel open label subjects followed by 24 subjects (randomized 2:1 to vaccine vs placebo, respectively). subsequently, 27 subjects will be enrolled in the high dose cohort in a similar manner as to the low dose cohort. safety and immunogenicity will be evaluated at day 28. long term safety follow-up will be evaluated through 1 year post vaccination.

the study will enroll 54 subjects in four cohorts. all subjects will receive a single administration of vxa-byw.10 at a low dose, a high dose or placebo. two sentinel groups will enroll 3 subjects each in an open-label manner (cohorts 1 and 3) to receive vxa-byw.10 prior to enrolling either of the randomized, controlled cohorts (cohorts 2 and 4). within the double-blinded cohorts (2 and 4), placebo subjects will receive the same number of tablets as the vaccine subjects in that cohort. subjects will be enrolled and dosed in the low dose groups prior to initiation of dosing in the high dose group. cohort 1: 3 subjects at low dose; cohort 2: 16 subjects at low dose and 8 placebo; cohort 3: 3 subjects at high dose; cohort 4: 16 subjects at low dose and 8 placebo subjects will be followed for 28 days post vaccination for preliminary immunogenicity. subjects will continue to be followed for 1 year post-vaccination for long term safety.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * in good health as established by medical history, physical examination, and laboratory testing at the time of enrollment. exclusion criteria: * positive for b influenza by hai. * has had an influenza vaccine in the past 2 years. * current history of chronic alcohol use and/or illicit and/or recreational drug use. * history of any confirmed or suspected immunodeficient or immunosuppressive condition * positive serology for hiv, hcv, or hbv * previous serious reactions to vaccination such as anaphylaxis, respiratory problems, hives, or abdominal pain. * history of irritable bowel disease or other inflammatory digestive or gastrointestinal conditions that could affect the intended distribution of the vaccine targeting the mucosa of the small intestine * use of proton pump inhibitors(nexium, prilosec). * stool sample with occult blood at baseline exam * pregnancy

Keywords: influenza b
comparison of treatment outcome of cabergoline according to target prolactin levels in patients with prolactinoma

Conditions: Pituitary Adenoma; Prolactinoma; Pituitary Tumor; Recurrence Tumor

Summary: the aim of this study is to investigate whether inhibition of serum prolactin levels below normal range during cabergoline administration may reduce the recurrence rate after drug withdrawal in patients with prolactinomas.

prolactinoma patients will be assigned to a experimental group that maintains serum prolactin levels below 5 ng/ml and a control group that maintains normal serum prolactin levels. after that, cabergoline will be maintained at a therapeutic dose for 130 weeks. after cabergoline is discontinued, patients will be followed up with serum prolactin measurement for 52 weeks.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults, male or female aged 19 years or older * diagnosed with prolactinoma * no previous history of surgery, medication, or radiation therapy exclusion criteria: * invasive prolactinomas except invading cavernous sinus * taking dopaminergic medications * taking medications that can affect serum prolactin level (including estrogenic hormone, oral contraceptive drugs, intrauterine devices) * hyperprolactinemia due to secondary causes * history of pituitary apoplexy within the last 3 months * patients with mental illness that should avoid dopamine agonists * patients with history of cardiac valve diseases * patients with history of pulmonary fibrosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, and cystic fibrosis * moderate degree of hepatic or renal insufficiency (idms modification of diet in renal disease glomerular filtration rate (mdrd gfr) \<45 ml/min/1.73m2) * patients with cabergoline hypersensitivity reaction * pregnant or breast feeding patients

Keywords: prolactinoma cabergoline recurrence