Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
assessment of post-operative sore throat after scheduled general anesthesia

Conditions: Sore Throat; Intubation;Difficult

Summary: precise description of the technique for intubation or laryngeal mask placement during general anesthesia research on factors that can influence sore throat due to the placement of an endobuccal or endotracheal device during general anesthesia


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - general anesthesia required endotracheal or endobuccal device exclusion criteria: * tracheotomy per or post surgery * patient with pre-operative pharyngeal irritation. * patient with a prior respiratory tract infection. * surgery of the laryngeal or tracheal vein, old or new * surgery scheduled less than 24 hours ago.
biomarkers in predicting response to tamoxifen and letrozole in postmenopausal women with primary breast cancer treated on clinical trial can-ncic-ma17

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: rationale: studying samples of tumor tissue from patients with cancer in the laboratory may help doctors learn more about changes that occur in dna and identify biomarkers related to cancer. it may also help doctors predict how well patients respond to treatment. purpose: this laboratory study is looking at biomarkers that may predict response to tamoxifen and letrozole in postmenopausal women with primary breast cancer treated on clinical trial can-ncic-ma17.

objectives: * assess the prognostic utility of the mgh 2-gene and the ghi 21-gene expression signatures in postmenopausal women with primary breast cancer treated with tamoxifen followed by either placebo or letrozole on clinical trial can-ncic-ma17. * assess the ability of the mgh 2-gene and the ghi 21-gene expression signatures to predict responsiveness to letrozole. * compare the prognostic utility of quantitative immunofluorescence vs standard immunohistochemistry of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, her-2, tumor aromatase, cyclooxygenase-2, gata-3, and nat-1 in these patients. * assess the ability of quantitative immunofluorescence and standard immunohistochemistry of these proteins to predict responsiveness to letrozole in these patients. * use gene discovery from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor specimens to identify novel gene expression profiles that may predict outcome and responsiveness to letrozole in these patients. outline: this is a controlled study. formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded breast tumor tissue samples are analyzed for mgh 2-gene and ghi 21-gene expression signatures using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence are used for analysis of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, her-1 and -2, aromatase, gata-3, nat-1, and cyclooxygenase-2. microarray hybridization is used to identify novel gene expression signatures. projected accrual: a total of 957 specimens will be accrued for this study.

Eligibility criteria:
disease characteristics: * histologically or cytologically confirmed primary invasive breast carcinoma resected at time of original diagnosis * treated on clinical trial can-ncic-ma17 * hormone receptor status: * estrogen or progesterone receptor positive tumor patient characteristics: * female * postmenopausal prior concurrent therapy: * not specified

Keywords: stage ia breast cancer stage ib breast cancer stage ii breast cancer stage iiia breast cancer estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer progesterone receptor-positive breast cancer
hip fracture accelerated surgical treatment and care track 2 trial

Conditions: Hip Fractures; Myocardial Injury

Summary: the hip attack-2 trial is a multicentre, international, parallel group randomized controlled trial to determine whether accelerated surgery for hip fracture in patients with acute myocardial injury is superior to standard care in reducing death at 90 days after randomization. the trial will also assess secondary outcomes at 90 days after randomization: inability to independently walk 3 metres, time to first mobilization (first standing and first full weight bear), composite and individual assessment of major complications (e.g., mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, acute congestive heart failure, and stroke), delirium, length of stay, pain, and quality of life.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age ≥45 years; 2. diagnosis of hip fracture during working hours with a low-energy mechanism requiring surgery; 3. troponin elevation ( at least one troponin measurement above the upper limit of normal occurring from the time of hip fracture to the time of randomization); and 4. informed consent. exclusion criteria: 1. taking a therapeutic dose of an anticoagulant for which no reversing agent is available and the anesthesiologist or surgeon believe surgery within 6 hours of eligibility criteria met would not be safe; 2. patients on a therapeutic vitamin k antagonist with a history of heparin induced thrombocytopenia (hit); 3. patients with peri-prosthetic fracture, open fracture or bilateral fractures; 4. patients requiring an emergency surgery for another reason (e.g., subdural hematoma); 5. patients with acute myocardial infarction deemed to be clinically unstable, with a mechanical complication (i.e., acute papillary muscle rupture, ventricular septal defect), st elevation myocardial infarction, or cardiogenic shock; 6. patients refusing consent; or 7. patients previously enrolled in hip attack-2.
does vessel-sparing surgery in anterior approach total hip arthroplasty change clinical outcome?

Conditions: Tensor Fasciae Latae Syndrome; Arthroplasty Complications

Summary: during direct anterior approach (daa) for total hip arthroplasty (tha), ligation of the lateral femoral circumflex artery and vessel is always conducted. however, this standardized procedure may jeopardize blood muscle perfusion and cause tenderness in the tensor fascia lata muscle. the investigators want to investigate whether blood vessel-sparing surgery is feasible, reproducible, and would alter outcomes following daa tha. the surgical technique of the vessel-sparing procedure will be described and investigated in a prospective blinded rct. the investigators hypothesize that the vessel-sparing technique is feasible in 60% of the patients. if these vessels were not sacrificed, the investigators expect the incidence of tfl tendinopathy to be lower.

primary objective: to compare a group with successful vessel-sparing with a vessel-sacrificed-group for: 1. incidence of tfl tendinopathy 2. patient-reported outcomes 3. component placement secondary objective: to observe the feasibility of the vessel-sparing surgical technique. this is a monocentric prospective randomized blinded clinical trial during a period of minimum 3 years or until 150% of the sample size is included (100 patients).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria to be eligible to participate in this study, a subject must meet all criteria below; * scheduled for tha by dr. frans-jozef vandeputte or professor dr. kristoff corten * provide signed and dated informed consent * males or females age \> 18 years exclusion criteria a potential subject who meets any of the following criteria will be excluded from participation in this study: * neurological problems with sensorial and/or motoric disturbances (multiple sclerosis, parkinson's disease, hemiplegia, ...) * previous surgery of the ipsilateral hip * ipsilateral neck of femur fracture * previous contralateral tha * significant hip deformity: crowe type 3 and 4 dysplasia, leg-calvé-perthes * avascular necrosis of the femoral head * participating in another study that may interfere with participation in this study

Keywords: total hip arthroplasty ultra sparing procedure direct anterior approach
a study of avastin (bevacizumab) in combination with standard chemotherapy in children and adolescents with sarcoma.

Conditions: Sarcoma

Summary: this open-label two-arm study will assess the safety and efficacy of a combination of bevacizumab + standard chemotherapy with standard chemotherapy alone as active comparator in childhood and adolescent patients with metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma or non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma. patients will be randomized to receive bevacizumab + standard chemotherapy or standard chemotherapy alone. treatment will consist of 9 x 3-week cycles of induction treatment (standard chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab 7.5 mg/kg iv on day 1 of each cycle) followed by 12 x 4-week cycles of maintenance treatment (standard chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab 5 mg/kg iv on days 1 and 15 of each cycle). the anticipated time on study treatment is 1-2 years.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * childhood and adolescent patients aged \>/=6 months to 18 years of age * metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma or non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma * adequate bone marrow function * adequate renal and liver function * adequate blood clotting exclusion criteria: * previous malignant tumors * tumor invading major blood vessels * prior systemic anti-tumor treatment
recalling the treatment and prognosis of upper tract urothelial cancer (utuc)

Conditions: Uterine Cancer

Summary: among urothelial cancers, upper urinary tract urothelial cancers, including renal pelvis and ureteral cancers have a higher incidence rate in taiwan than western countries. in particular, the proportion of female patients is similar to that of males. this situation is significantly different from that in foreign countries. the cause is currently uncertain.in the past, the arsenic contamination of groundwater made blackfoot disease become common and malignant in areas. now, the number of kidney dialysis patients in taiwan is increasing; and according to statistics, there is a significantly higher incidence of urothelial cancer among kidney dialysis patients. this may be caused by the use of traditional chinese medicine or other unknown reasons.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * case study of upper urinary tract urothelial cancer surgery exclusion criteria: * cases of surgery for non-upper urinary tract urothelial cancer
comparison of human papillomavirus integrated dna and messenger rna in cervical neoplasia

Conditions: Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Summary: the investigators hypothesis is hpv integration could result in expression of oncogene transcripts, and not only constitutive expression but also the level of expression will be decisive for transformation and the maintenance of the malignant phenotype. moreover, the expression and level of hpv viral transcripts not hpv dna viral loads is correlated to the severity in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) and cervical carcinomas (cxca).

in the investigators proposal, the investigators will examine at least 250 baseline liquid-based cytology specimens from women with normal cytology, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (lsils), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (hsils), microinvasions and invasive cervical cancers. specimens will be tested for hpv dna using hpv blot and type-specific pcr including type 16, 18, 52, 58, 31, 33, 39, 45, 51, 56, 59, 68, 6, and 11. cervical specimens from women with hpv dna types 16, 18, 52, 58, 31 and 33, which are the most prevalent oncogenic types in taiwan, will be examined for physical status of viral dna tested by real-time pcr and fish, along with level of expression in mrna.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * cervical neoplasia * hpv infection patient exclusion criteria: * no hpv infection * no intra-epithelial neoplasia lesion

Keywords: mrna, dna, integrated hpv dna human papillomavirus, cervical neoplasia
impact of a multifaceted program to prevent postoperative delirium in the elderly

Conditions: Postoperative Delirium

Summary: postoperative delirium is common in the elderly and is associated with a significant increase in mortality, complications, length of hospital stay and admission in long care facility. several interventions have proved their effectiveness to prevent it but their combination within a multifaceted intervention needs to be assessed using rigorous methodology based on randomized study design. confucius trial aims to measure the impact of a multifaceted program on the prevention of postoperative delirium in elderly.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female subject aged over 75 years * admission for a scheduled surgery (i.e. all oncologic digestive surgery , ureterostomy, nephrectomy or cystectomy, total hip or knee replacement) * participation agreement exclusion criteria: * patients with a progressive and/or poorly managed psychiatric pathology (patients with stabilized depression could be included in the study)

Keywords: postoperative delirium elderly prevention stepped wedge design healthcare workers
impact of copd on muscle regeneration

Conditions: COPD

Summary: muscle weakness and atrophy are important consequences of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and can affect both respiratory and peripheral muscles. impaired muscle regeneration is thought to be implicated in the process of muscle atrophy. in this study the investigators will evaluate muscle regenerative potential of the vastus lateralis (vl) and diaphragm of patients with copd, compared to patients with normal lung function.

preliminary results suggest that the activation and differentiation processes of satellite cells isolated from the vl of patients with copd could be altered. the investigators propose to compare the regenerative potential of the vl and the diaphragm in 15 patients with copd and 15 individuals with normal lung function undergoing a thoracic surgery. from muscle biopsies, satellite cells will be isolated and cultured to assess their proliferation and differentiation rates, and the expression level of myogenic effectors (myod, myf5, myogenin, and mrf4). alterations in these measurements will confirm the hypotheses that the regenerative potential is lower in both muscle groups in patients with copd compared to controls and that in copd, the regenerative potential is lower in vl compared to the diaphragm.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient with a scheduled thoracic surgery * ≥ 40 years * smoking cessation ≥ 1 month * smoking history ≥ 10 pack-year exclusion criteria: * subjects who received either chemiotherapy or radiotherapy * hypoxemia * body weight loss ≥ 10% * use of systemic corticosteroid in the last month

Keywords: muscle regeneration
the effect of platelet rich plasma on pain at skin graft donor sites

Conditions: Skin Graft (Allograft) Rejection; Skin Graft Complications; Skin Graft Detachment; PRP

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare post-operative skin graft donor site pain between those treated with standard wound care vs prp. secondarily the study is designed to compare time to complete donor site healing. the null hypothesis is that here is no difference in post-operative donor site pain between those treated with standard wound care and prp. the secondary null hypothesis is that there is no difference in time to donor site healing.

a well-known complaint after a split thickness skin graft surgery is pain at the graft donor site. in our patients, it has been have noticed those whose donor sites have been treated with platelet rich plasma (prp) have endorsed decreased pain compared to those who have not. during our literature review few studies have looked at this issue. one such study by miller et. al. looked at 5 patients whose donor site was treated with prp showed a significant decrease in pain on a likert visual pain scale. kakudo et al. performed a side-by-side comparison on a single patient with half the wound treated with prp and the other as a control. they found better epithelization and reduced pain during dressing changes for the treatment group. both of these studies show promising results for pain reduction with prp use, unfortunately there are no high quality randomized control trials that have looked at this. another issue is many studies on prp assess reduction of pain as a secondary outcome and instead focus on wound healing and epithelization primarily. this study hopes to elucidate the effect of prp application on graft donor site pain. patients will be recruited to the study and randomized into either treatment or control group based on medical necessity for a skin graft. this study will assess pain at the donor site via likert pain scale and monitor narcotic pain medication use.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * any patient requiring a split thickness skin graft and is above the age of 18. exclusion criteria: * medical history of chronic pain at the donor site * inability to follow up * unable to participate in pre or post operative questionnaire inclusive of organic * traumatic, chemical or degenerative causes of altered mental sensorium * age \<18.
snacking, satiety &weight: a randomized, controlled trial

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: proposed is a parallel-design randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of consuming two types of snacks on a daily basis for a 12-week period on health outcomes, diet quality, and self-reported satiety in a group of overweight adults. the types of snacks to be studied are kind snack bars with almonds and typical american snack foods).

snacking has been implicated in the obesity epidemic, but judicious snacking can help control appetite and calorie intake and add nutrient-dense foods to the diet. the investigators hypothesize that snacking on nutrient-dense, highly satiating snack foods (i.e. kind snacks with almonds) as compared to snacking on nutrient-dilute, energy-dense foods (i.e., conventional snack foods) will contribute to satiety, weight loss, and health improvements. the investigators further hypothesize that the benefits of healthful snacking are enhanced when portion is clearly defined and controlled by packaging. finally, the investigators hypothesize that these effects will be seen even when study participants are given clear guidance about the calorie content of snack items, and how to make room for those calories in their diets. hypotheses: 1. snacking on nutrient-dense, highly satiating snack foods (i.e. kind snacks with almonds) as compared to snacking on nutrient-dilute, energy-dense foods (i.e., conventional snack foods) will contribute to satiety, weight loss, and health improvements. 2. the benefits of healthful snacking are enhanced when portion size is clearly defined and controlled by packaging. 3. these effects will be seen even when study participants are given clear guidance about the calorie content of snack items, and how to make room for those calories in their diets.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * man or woman age 25-75 years; * non-smoker; * sedentary; * overweight (bmi ≥25kg/m²) with waist circumference \>40 inches (102 cm) for men and \>35 inches (88 cm) for women; * interested in losing weight, but not actively involved with a diet or weight loss program. * snack regularly with pre-packaged snacks typically available in grocery stores or vending machines. * willing to consume snacks on a daily basis. exclusion criteria: * failure to meet inclusion criteria; * anticipated inability to complete study protocol for any reason; * current eating disorder; * diabetes; * sleep apnea; * actively involved with a diet or weight loss program; * other restricted diets due to allergy/intolerance (i.e. nut, gluten) or by choice (i.e., vegetarian, vegan); * regular exercise as defined by participating in moderate-intensity for at least 150 minutes/week.

Keywords: obesity snacks satiety hunger
cornell translational behavioral science research consortium: asthma qualitative study

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: to explore and illuminate the cultural, social, and psychological factors that either facilitate or serve as barriers to behavioral change in asthma patients.

1. through a series of open-ended questions we will explore and build a better understanding of how different patient populations view asthma and the difficulties they face in changing behavior. in addition the responses to such questions should help us to better understand and anticipate some of the barriers and issues that participants may face in successfully changing their behaviors. 2. the second objective is to use the responses obtained to inform how an intervention of positive affect induction and self-affirmation should be operationalized and tailored.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients will be eligible for this study if their physicians consider them medically able to participate, if they are 18 years of age or older, and if they have a diagnosis of mild to moderate asthma based on the nhlbi asthma expert panel's classification system which rates symptoms, frequency of exacerbations, nocturnal attacks, activity restriction, use of medications, and pulmonary function. exclusion criteria: patients will be excluded from this study for the following reasons: * if they are unable to walk several blocks for whatever reason; * if they have musculoskeletal or neurological deficits that preclude increased physical activity; * if they have other pulmonary diseases; * if they have cardiac disease or other severe comorbidity; * if they are unable to provide informed consent because of cognitive deficits; * if they refuse to participate.

Keywords: asthma behavior change physical activity risk reduction
diurnal bp patterns in those at increased risk of cvd

Conditions: Cardiovascular Risk Factor; Blood Pressure; Arterial Stiffness; Chronic Kidney Diseases

Summary: in health, blood pressure (bp) falls at night by \>10% compared with day-time values. this natural dipping pattern is important as without it there is an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (cvd). recent evidence suggests that chronotherapy (taking anti-hypertensive medication at bedtime instead of in the morning) may enhance nocturnal bp dipping and reduce the risk of cvd events. there is therefore an urgent need to characterise diurnal bp patterns in patients who may be at risk of reduced nocturnal dipping in order to maximise protective therapy in all those who would benefit. similarly, it has previously been demonstrated that increased arterial stiffness is associated with increased cvd risk, however little is known about whether loss of diurnal variations in arterial stiffness confer addition risk. kidney disease is independently associated with increased cvd events, but the exact makeup of this risk is not clear. within this heterogenous cohort several very distinct groups exist including those with acute kidney injury (aki), chronic kidney disease (ckd), inflammatory conditions like small vessel vasculitis (svv), and those who have either donated or received a kidney transplant. diurnal bp and arterial stiffness patterns within these patient groups are not well characterised. the investigators will recruit patients at increased risk of cvd from the royal infirmary of edinburgh renal and vasculitis clinics. participants will undergo 24-hour ambulatory bp and arterial stiffness measurement in conjunction with day- and night-time blood and urine sampling on two separate occasions. this study aims to characterise diurnal patterns of bp and arterial stiffness in patients at increased risk of cvd and compare findings with healthy controls. in doing so, the investigators aim to allow more targeted cvd risk reduction strategies and improve long-term patient outcomes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients will be eligible to take part in the study if they attend nhs lothian inpatient or outpatient services and can be classified as being at increased risk of cvd. this will include, but is not limited to, the following subgroups: 1. ckd as defined by the kidney disease outcome quality initiative (k/doqi) classification 2. aki as defined by the kidney disease improving global outcomes (kdigo) classification 3. small vessel vasculitis 4. kidney transplant recipient 5. kidney donor we will also recruit a healthy control group from the community. exclusion criteria: 1. age \ 90 years 2. lack of ability to provide informed consent