Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
patching or gaming as amblyopia treatment?

Conditions: Amblyopia

Summary: amblyopia affects 3% of the children and is caused by strabismus, anisometropia or both. standard treatment is glasses and patching therapy. from north-america, behavioural training, i.e. dichoptic training, perceptual learning and video gaming, has become increasingly popular to improve visual acuity not only in children but also in adults. in this study we aim to compare the standard occlusion therapy with dichoptic video gaming.

amblyopia affects 3% of the children and is caused by strabismus, anisometropia or both. the standard treatment is glasses and patching therapy. from north-america, behavioural training, i.e. dichoptic training, perceptual learning and video gaming, has become increasingly popular. the rationale behind these games is by using dichoptic stimulation, with the contrast of the stimuli presented to the good eye reduced to match the appearance of the same stimuli when shown to the amblyopic eye, suppression can be alleviated. the many studies now conducted, demonstrate improvement in visual acuity with the games, the effect however is limited, but the rate of improvement is higher. in these studies, prescribed patching-time was compared to realised game-time. we have demonstrated in multiple studies that electronically measured compliance is low: on average only 50%. in this study we aim to compare the effect of patching therapy, using the odm to objectively measure compliance, with the effect of a novel dichoptic action video game in children as well as in adults. in addition, the adult participants will undergo fmri scans to document any changes in the visual cortex before and after either therapy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * amblyopia; an interocular difference in visual acuity of at least 2 logmar lines. exclusion criteria: * a non-comitant or large angle constant strabismus \>30prism dioptres, a neurological disorder, nystagmus, other eye disorders and diminished acuity due to medication, brain damage or trauma.
the impact of three distinct exercise types on fatigue, anxiety, and depression in parkinson's disease

Conditions: Parkinson's Disease

Summary: the purpose of the study is to learn about the impact of exercise on fatigue, anxiety, and depression in parkinson's disease. it is well established that exercise improves the motor symptoms of parkinson's disease. however, it is not clear which types of exercise are most beneficial for specific non-motor symptoms.

the investigators are recruiting 32 patients who will be randomized into either a spinning class, yoga class, dance class, or no exercise intervention. classes will be conducted twice a week for 6 weeks total at times convenient for the patients. patients will also be asked to complete questionnaires after exercise classes to see if the exercise intervention improves measures of fatigue, anxiety, and depression - and what exercise intervention may be superior.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subjects diagnosed with idiopathic parkinson's disease 2. age between 18 - 75 years 3. hoehn and yahr stage less than or equal to 3 4. mini-mental state exam (mmse) score of over 23 at screening 5. if subjects are taking any medications for depression, fatigue, or anxiety, regimen must be stable for 8 weeks prior to baseline visit 6. subjects willing and able to give informed consent exclusion criteria: 1. subjects with a diagnosis of an atypical parkinsonism 2. subjects unwilling or unable to obtain health waiver from primary care provider 3. score of 60 or more on updrs iii at screening 4. scores in the 'normal' range on all three study assessments: beck depression index ii, fatigue severity scale, and zung self-rating anxiety scale 5. participation in any of the 3 physical activities more than 3 times in the past for 8 weeks prior to baseline 6. any other reason that, in the investigator's opinion, would exclude the subject from participation in the study

Keywords: parkinson's disease fatigue anxiety depression exercise
timing of pda closure and respiratory outcome in premature infants

Conditions: Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Summary: the investigators propose the present study with the following aims: * to determine whether early patent ductus arteriosus (pda) treatment with ibuprofen treatment at the onset of clinical symptoms is superior to late ibuprofen treatment only when symptoms of a hemodynamically significant pda are present in the evolution of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd) defined as duration of supplemental oxygen exposure during the first 28 days * to determine whether early pda treatment with ibuprofen will be superior to late treatment with ibuprofen in efficacy of pda closure, need for rescue therapy, need for pda ligation and incidence of major complications of prematurity. hypothesis: early pharmacologic closure of pda with ibuprofen will improve respiratory course and reduce bpd as reflected by a reduction in duration of supplemental oxygen during the first 28 days of age vs. late pharmacologic treatment with ibuprofen. outcome variables: the primary outcome of this study is the number of days spent on supplemental oxygen by each infant during the first 28 days. other outcomes to be determined between groups include: * mortality * other respiratory variables: total days on supplemental oxygen, days on mechanical ventilation, oxygen dependence at 36 weeks post menstrual age, age at final extubation. * other respiratory complications: pneumothorax, pulmonary interstitial emphysema, need for high frequency ventilation, pulmonary hypertension * efficacy of pda closure: number of courses of medication required, need for ligation * other neonatal complications: intraventricular hemorrhage (ivh), periventricular leukomalacia (pvl), retinopathy of prematurity (rop), necrotizing enterocolitis (nec), intestinal perforation, sepsis, renal dysfunction (oliguria, elevated creatinine) * time to achieving full enteral feedings, time to regain birth weight, weight at discharge. * length of hospital stay

study terminated when intravenous (iv) ibuprofen withdrawn for both clinical and research use.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * inborn patients at jhs hospitals (admitted to the nicu at jmh within the first 72 hrs of age * bw 500-1250 grams * 23-32 wks gestational age * \> 1d but \< 14d of age. exclusion criteria: * major congenital malformations * proven sepsis (positive blood culture) * contraindications to the use of ibuprofen or indomethacin * terminal condition, not expected to survive beyond 48 h * infants born excessively sga(3 s.d. below the mean for ga) * infants with initial pda presentation that is hemodynamically significant

Keywords: patent ductus arteriosus respiratory outcome
thrombus aspiration for ocluded coronary artery enhanced with distal injection of abciximab

Conditions: Myocardial Infarction; Occlusive Thrombus

Summary: aims: (to prove that) the distal injection of iib iiia platelet receptor blocker to the thrombus occlusion is better than normal injection during primary percutaneous intervention (pci) for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. using this modification of injection method the investigators can achieve less microvascular damage and a reduction of the infarct size with a significant improvement of the outcome at six months.

there are some evidence about the utilization of aspiration catheter (indication class iib with level of evidence b in european guidelines) and intravenous abciximab (indication class iia an level of evidence a in european guidelines) in primary ptca. direct intracoronary injection of abciximab get smaller infarct size than intravenous injection. the hypothesis of our study are that direct distal injection of abciximab by aspiration catheter will be better than proximal intracoronary injection with reduction in infarct size and microvascular damage quantified by magnetic resonance (mr) and 6 months mortality.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * myocardial infarction patients between 3 and 12 hours after symptoms onset exclusion criteria: * hemodynamic instability * timi flow 2 or 3 * life expectance less than 6 months * contraindication to aas, clopidogrel or abciximab * severe tortuosity of occluded vessel

Keywords: primary ptca thrombus aspiration catheter intracoronary abciximab
the effect of pilates and elastic taping on balance and postural control in early parkinson's disease

Conditions: Parkinson Disease

Summary: the aim of this study was to compare the effects of pilates training and elastic taping on balance and postural control in early parkinson's patients.

the subjects were randomly divided into 3 groups as pilates, elastic taping and waiting list control group. individuals were given 60-minute pilates training twice a week for 6 weeks. in addition to pilates training, elastic taping was applied twice a week for postural correction of the back. individuals were evaluated for balance and postural control before and after training. evaluation of clinical balance with berg balance scale and trunk impairment scale; stability limits, sits up, normal and tandem walking tests were performed with neurocom balance master balance and performance system.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of idiopathic parkinson disease * mini mental test score≥24 * modified hoehn and yahr score≤2 * ability to stand 1 minute independently * ability to walk 10 meters exclusion criteria: * other orthopaedic, neurologic or visual disease which could affect ability of balance and walking * unstabl cardiovasvularly disease * history of surgery about parkinson disease

Keywords: pilates elastic taping balance postural control early parkinson's disease
a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2/3 study to determine the safety and effectiveness of azeliragon in the treatment of patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) or pneumonia

Conditions: COVID-19

Summary: a new drug called azeliragon could be used to treat patients with covid-19 or other pneumonia infections but the researchers don't know. in this study, they are learning the effects of azeliragon patients hospitalized for covid-19 or pneumonia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with at least two of the following signs or symptoms: cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, hypoxia (oxygen saturation \<90%) * clinical diagnosis of pneumonia or covid-19 during the first 48 hours of hospitalization. * patients admitted to the hospital within the previous 48 hours (from time of admission to initial treatment dose.) * provide informed consent to participate in the study (by participant or legally-acceptable representative). exclusion criteria: * patients for whom intubation within 24 hours of admission is considered likely. * alanine aminotransferase (alt) or aspartate aminotransferase (ast) \>3x upper limit of normal (uln), or total serum bilirubin \>2x uln. * patients who were receiving dialysis as a regular treatment at the time of admission. (participants are not excluded for historic need for dialysis.) * chronic liver disease with child-pugh class b of (7 to 9) or higher. * patients with an electrocardiogram (ecg) corrected qt interval (qtc) \> 500 ms. * patients requiring treatment with strong inhibitors of cyp2c8 * females of childbearing potential who are pregnant, breastfeeding, and/or not using a highly-effective method of contraception (consistent with local regulations regarding the methods of contraception for those participating in clinical studies, including willingness to use 2 acceptable forms of contraception from screening until after the end of drug treatment. acceptable forms include tubal ligation, male latex condom with or without spermicide, partner's vasectomy, diaphragm with spermicide, intrauterine device, cervical cap/sponge with spermicide, contraceptive sponge, female condom, hormonal contraceptive including oral, transdermal, vaginal ring, subcutaneous injection, or implanted rod.) * allergy to azeliragon or formulation excipients in the azeliragon or placebo capsule. * concurrent participation in another device or drug trial for treatment purposes. trials with devices intended for diagnostic purposes only are allowable.. * any other condition, including abnormal laboratory values that, in the judgment of the investigator, could put the participant at increased risk, or would interfere with the conduct or planned analysis of the study.

Keywords: azeliragon acute kidney injury
safety, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of kbsa301 in severe pneumonia (s. aureus)

Conditions: Pneumonia Due to Staphylococcus Aureus

Summary: the objectives of this study are to assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and clinical outcome of patients who have severe pneumonia caused by staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) after a single intravenous administration of kbsa301 in addition of standard of care antibiotic treatment.

s. aureus is a leading cause of bloodstream, skin, soft tissue, and lower respiratory tract infections worldwide. the frequencies of both nosocomial and community-acquired s. aureus infections have increased steadily over the years and the treatment of these infections has become more challenging due to the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains (e.g. methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus). s. aureus has several virulence factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of the infection. amongst them, alpha-toxin that is involved in the pathogenesis of pneumonia, as it leads to apoptosis and cell lysis, in particular lymphocytes, macrophages, alveolar epithelial cells, pulmonary endothelium, and thrombocytes. in spite of preventive measures for s. aureus infections and current medical treatment (mostly antibiotic therapy, alone or in combination), there is a clear unmet medical need in the clinic for additional treatment options. passive immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies may improve treatment options for severe and life-threatening infections like those caused by s. aureus.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult male or female patients ≥ 18 years and ≤ 70 years of age * severe pneumonia caused by s. aureus (either methicillin-resistant or methicillin-sensitive) managed in an icu * apache ii of ≤30 at the time of diagnosis * identification of s. aureus * written informed consent provided by the patient, the relatives or the designated trusted person and/or according to local guidelines exclusion criteria: * women of child bearing potential are excluded from the participation from the study unless they have a negative pregnancy test at baseline and during the course of the study. postmenopausal women or females that have been surgically sterilized are allowed to participate. * hypersensitivity to excipients or to any prescribed medication * severe neutropenia, lymphoma or anticipated chemotherapy * patients who have long-term tracheostomy * current or recent investigational drug (within 30 days of enrollment, or 5 half-lives of the investigational compound, whichever is longer) * presence of meningitis, endocarditis, or osteomyelitis * acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) with cluster of differentiation 4 (cd4) count \<200 cells/ml * known bronchial obstruction or a history of post-obstructive pneumonia. * active primary lung cancer or another malignancy metastatic to the lungs * cystic fibrosis, known or suspected pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, or known or suspected active tuberculosis * immunosuppressive therapy * liver function deficiency * moribund clinical condition

Keywords: pneumonia monoclonal antibody staphylococcus aureus
quantification of factors influencing endothelial damage during phacoemulsification

Conditions: Endothelial Cell Loss, Corneal; Cataract; Phacoemulsification

Summary: the aim of this study is to determine the principal factors that influence endothelial cell loss three month post cataract surgery. methods: multi center observational cohort study, inclusion period from 12/01/2022 to 10/06/2022. one hundred and seventy-five eyes of hundred and four patients who have appointment for cataract surgical indication were included. the percentage of corneal endothelial cell loss was quantified using specular microscopy before and 3 months after the surgery. 14 variables (pre-operative and intra-operative) that could be associated to endothelial cell injury were selected. a bivariate analysis of relationship between these factors and endothelial cell loss at 3 months was performed by simple linear regression (wilcoxon and fischer tests). multivariate analysis was performed by multiple linear regression in order to identify the factors independently related to endothelial cell loss.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients undergoing cataract surgery * visual acuity monoyer scale \ +0.2 logmar) * nuclear, cortical and posterior subcapsular cataract with normal density to severe in the locsiii classification * covered by the social security scheme * have given their oral agreement exclusion criteria: * corneal disease: keratitis, dystrophy or corneal degeneration * any disease of the anterior segment * low preoperative endothelial cell density \<1000 c/mm² * pregnancy, lactation * risk factors for surgical per-operative complication * uncontrolled ocular pressure * combined surgery (cataract with corneal graft, cataract with glaucoma surgery, cataract with vitrectomy, ....) * under legal protection
near infrared spectroscopy (st02)

Conditions: Septic Shock

Summary: the overall hypotheses of this project is that near infrared spectroscopy (nirs) can be used to identify morbidity, mortality, and resource utilization in patients with sepsis and septic shock.

near-infrared spectroscopy (nirs) noninvasively measures peripheral tissue oxygen saturation (sto2), offering promise as a guide in the early treatment of severe sepsis; however, the role and utility of this technology is still evolving. there are three main nirs measurements reported in the literature: continuous sto2 measurement (sto2 initial), sto2 occlusion slope (sto2 downslope) in response to vot testing and sto2 recovery slope (sto2 upslope) in response to vasoocclusive testing. the purpose of this study is to assesses the association of each of these parameters with severity of illness, organ dysfunction and death. this study will utilize the hutchinson inspectra sto2 tissue oxygenation monitor, which is fda approved for use in monitoring patients during circulatory or perfusion examinations of skeletal muscle, or when there is a suspicion of compromised circulation.

Eligibility criteria:
there will be three cohorts enrolled in this study: (1) septic shock, (2) sepsis and (3) controls. inclusion criteria: listed on the cohorts description. exclusion criteria: all patient cohorts will share common set of exclusion criteria: * age \< 18 years * pregnancy * established "do not resuscitate" orders prior to enrollment * primary diagnosis of: * acute traumatic or burn injury * acute cerebrovascular event * acute coronary syndrome * acute pulmonary edema * cardiac dysrhythmia * acute and active gastrointestinal bleeding * acute drug overdose * requirement for immediate surgery * inability to obtain written informed consent

Keywords: septic shock sepsis st02 near infrared spectroscopy nirs
towards optimal prescription of chemotherapy in prostate cancer

Conditions: Prostate Cancer

Summary: this study will examine the impact of modern treatments for metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (mcrpc) on several relevant 'geriatric' domains such as daily function, objective physical function, and falls. additionally, the investigators study whether frailty is associated with worse outcomes, and whether it is possible to predict the risk of severe chemotherapy toxicity in older men.

our primary aims are (a) to examine the impact of pre-treatment frailty on 'elder-relevant' outcomes including daily function, objective physical function, falls, quality of life (qol), and early treatment discontinuation; (b) to determine whether the hurria/cancer and aging research group (carg) tool is able to predict severe (grade 3+) chemotherapy toxicity in men starting chemotherapy. our secondary aim is to understand the impact of abiraterone and enzalutamide on 'elder-relevant' outcomes. this is a prospective multicentre observational study. the investigators will enroll men age 65 or older with mcrpc who are starting (a) first-line chemotherapy; (b) abiraterone; or (c) enzalutamide. assessments will occur prior to starting treatment and every 2 months thereafter until the end of treatment. as treatment options become more complex in older men with mcrpc, understanding and predicting a wide range of treatment toxicities is important and will aid decision-making and management.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. at least 65 years of age 2. diagnosed with prostate cancer with evidence of clinical and/or radiographic evidence of progression despite adequate androgen deprivation therapy and achievement of castration (total testosterone level \<1.7 nmol/l measured within 6 months of enrollment) 3. among men starting either abiraterone or enzalutamide, no prior chemotherapy/abiraterone/enzalutamide. among men starting first-line chemotherapy, commencing docetaxel but can have had either prior abiraterone or enzalutamide exclusion criteria: 1. unable to speak english fluently. 2. severe neuropsychiatric abnormalities that prevent study participation. 3. limited life expectancy (\<3 months) as estimated by the primary oncologist.

Keywords: prostate cancer chemotherapy mcrpc
efficacy of a deep cleansing gel containing 2% salicylic acid, 0.2% zinc gluconate and 0.05% lipohydroxy acid in the management of mild to moderate facial acne

Conditions: Acne Vulgaris on the Face

Summary: a clinical study with 56 healthy subjects (both sexes) aged between 13 to 25 years old. subjects enrolled had a minimum of 5 inflammatory lesions (papules, nodules and pustules) and 10 non-inflammatory lesions (open and closed comedones), determined by dermatologist. the clinical evaluation considered in oiliness, shininess and global aspect of the skin too. instrumental assessment of oiliness and shininess was performed, respectively, by sebumeter and sebutape. ithe tested cleanser was used twice daily (morning and evening) during 28 days.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects aged 13-25 years * mild to moderate acne on the face * signed informed consent exclusion criteria: * subjects below 13 years and above 26 years * severe acne on the face