Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
enhancing neuroplasticity and frontal lobe function in patients with mild alzheimer's disease

Conditions: Alzheimer's Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine if a novel brain stimulation approach using magnetic stimulation (transcranial magnetic stimulation \[tms\]) can improve memory and thinking processes in individuals with mild alzheimer's disease (ad).

in this study, the investigators aim at assessing and then enhancing neuroplasticity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlpfc) and working memory - a key function of dlpfc - in patients with mild ad. the investigators will use a novel non-invasive brain stimulation approach, paired associative stimulation (pas). pas simulates in humans the induction of long-term potentiation (ltp), a prototype of synaptic neuroplasticity. pas involves the repetitive pairing of electrical stimulation of the median nerve with - 25 ms later - transcranial magnetic stimulation (tms) of the contralateral dlpfc. as such, these two stimulations arrive simultaneously in the dlpfc and result in potentiation of tms induced cortical evoked potential, analogous to in vitro ltp. specific aim 1: to compare ltp in the dlpfc among patients with mild ad and healthy subjects. specific aim 2: to assess the effect of a 2-week course of pas (rpas) as applied to the left dlpfc on ltp and performance on working memory in patients with mild ad in comparison with a 2-week course of pas control condition (pas-c, described below) (rpas-c).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria for patients: * age 65 or above * meet nincds-adrda and dsm-iv tr criteria for a current diagnosis of alzheimer's disease * stable does of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for at least 3 months * willingness and ability to speak english * willingness and ability to provide informed consent * corrected visual ability that enables reading of newspaper headlines and corrected hearing capacity that is adequate to respond to a raised conversational voice. exclusion criteria for patients: * meets criteria for an axis i diagnosis within the past 12 months other than dementia of the alzheimer type. * mini mental status examination score of 16 or less as described above * meets diagnostic criteria for current alcohol or other drug dependence within 6 months of testing * electroconvulsive therapy (ect) within 6 months of testing. * left handedness. * incompetency to consent * any contraindication for tms inclusion criteria for healthy controls: * age 65 or above * willingness and ability to speak english * willingness and ability to provide informed consent * corrected visual ability that enables reading of newspaper headlines and corrected hearing capacity that is adequate to respond to a raised conversational voice. exclusion criteria for healthy controls: * meets criteria for an axis i diagnosis other than simple phobias or adjustment disorder. * other neurological disorder affecting central nervous system. * psychotropic medication except for sedative /hypnotics at a stable dose for at least 4 weeks. * left handedness * any contraindication for tms

Keywords: alzheimer's disease brain stimulation transcranial magnetic stimulation
lff269 compared to placebo after treatment in subjects with essential hypertension

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: this study will assess the efficacy and safety of lff269 compared to placebo after treatment in subjects with essential hypertension.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. male and female (post-menopausal or surgically sterile). 2. age from 18 to 75 years inclusive. 3. subjects with mild-to-moderate uncomplicated essential hypertension, with (not more than 2 in combination) or without prior treatment. 4. subjects must weigh at least 50 kg to participate in the study, and must have a body mass index (bmi) within the range of 18 - 36 kg/m2. exclusion criteria: 1. history or evidence of a secondary form of hypertension, 2. history of cardiovascular disease. type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. 3. clinically significant valvular heart disease. other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply

Keywords: hypertension, mild hypertension, moderate hypertension, high blood pressure, uncomplicated hypertension.
characteristics and inflammatory markers in children with eosinophilic esophagitis (eoe)

Conditions: Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Summary: single center observational and specimen banking study for children with eosinophilic esophagitis eoe to gauge natural history and inflammatory markers

participants with a diagnosis of eoe are recruited from rady children's hospital eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (egid) during routine clinic and/or endoscopy visits. medical information including clinical symptoms, endoscopy, histopathology, medical and surgical history, lab and imaging findings, are entered into a ucsd database at each clinic or endoscopy visit. blood and biopsy specimens are procured and utilized for analysis of inflammatory molecules and for isolation of structural cells. this protocol continues our clinical database and sample collection in children with eoe. the database provides a cohort of eoe patients for studies of natural history, therapeutic response, and disease progression. in a relatively new disease of increasing incidence, these studies will provide information on disease progression and the clinical characteristics of patients who have varying disease phenotypes as well as the associations between clinical phenotypes, molecular changes, and disease course. the procurement and storage of tissue, cells, and serum samples provides a repository for studies of eoe-related molecules and peripheral markers in clinically phenotyped patients. in addition, the study of these esophageal cells will provide an in vitro model system for assessing the molecular mechanisms of disease pathogenesis in eoe.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * have a known eoe diagnosis * complain of dysphagia, vomiting, or abdominal pain, especially if recalcitrant to acid blocking therapy (but does not have to be recalcitrant to acid blocking medications) * present with food impaction * present with esophageal stricture * have characteristic endoscopic findings of eoe of pallor, linear furrows, lichenification, white plaques, or concentric rings exclusion criteria: * none
growth response in girls with turner syndrome

Conditions: Genetic Disorder; Turner Syndrome

Summary: this trial is conducted in europe. the aim of the trial is to evaluate growth response of two somatropin dose regimens in girls with turner syndrome.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * turner syndrome * if age below 3 years, either body height below - 1 sd (standard deviation) with average growth velocity according to chronological age or body height below 0 sd with growth velocity below -1 sd according to chronological age * if age above 3 years, body height below - 1 sd with average growth velocity according to chronological age * measured parental height available * written informed consent
performance and usability evaluation of the atomo hiv self-test

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: the study seeks to enroll 501+ patients to use a hiv self testing device to test for hiv in a blood sample drawn by finger prick. the purpose of the trial is to assess the usability of the device by providing participants with video and written instructions on how to correctly obtain a result from the device.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria the inclusion criteria are informed by the indications for hiv testing contained in the national hiv testing policy, which states that hiv testing is indicated in the following groups: msm; people who inject drugs; people with multiple sex partners or recent partner change; people having travelled to countries of high prevalence and engaged in risk behavior; people from high prevalence countries; partners of the above; and partners of people living with hiv infection. recruitment will be restricted to people who satisfy the following criteria: 1. attending health clinic or community-based testing study sites 2. aged 18 years or more 3. requesting hiv testing and/or in whom hiv testing is indicated 4. willing and able to give their own informed consent 5. willing to participate in and comply with the study procedures exclusion criteria the following people will be excluded from the study: 1. people in whom hiv testing is not indicated or not appropriate 2. people not fluent in english in whom provision of informed consent or compliance with the study procedures may be problematic 3. people who have participated in the study previously
effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy for burn scar charateristics

Conditions: Burn Scar

Summary: no study has investigated the effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (eswt) on hypertrophic scar characteristics. thus, this study aimed to ascertain the effects eswt on burn scars. the investigators retrospectively reviewed burn patients who had undergone autologous split-thickness skin grafting (stsg) with same artificial dermis between january 2012 and september 2019.

no study has investigated the effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (eswt) on hypertrophic scar characteristics. thus, this study aimed to ascertain the effects eswt on burn scars. the investigators retrospectively reviewed burn patients who had undergone autologous split-thickness skin grafting (stsg) with same artificial dermis between january 2012 and september 2019. the eswt group (n=17) received shock waves with low-energy flux density (0.05-0.30 mj/mm2). the interval between treatments is a 1-week. the eswt group also received standard treatment. the control group (n=18) only received standard treatment. we reviewed skin characteristics before and after 6 treatment sessions for both groups. the investigators checked skin charateristics(erythema, transepidermal water loss, sebum level, and elasticity). the investigators expect that eswt is effective for significantly improving burn-associated scar characteristics and may be used for managing burn patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a retrospective review of 35 patients who had undergone stsg between january 2012 and september 2019 * limited to the upper extremities(the upper arm, forearm, and hand) * the scars which undergone stsg with same artificial dermis using matriderm® (meskin solution dr. suwelack ag, billerbeck, germany) exclusion criteria: * not evaluated serial assessments * below 18 years age

Keywords: burns rehabilitation extracorporeal shock wave therapy
effects of fermented rye bran products on helicobacter pylori (hp) infection and metabolic risk factors

Conditions: H. Pylori Infections; Non-communicable Diseases

Summary: the investigators hypothesize that long-term fermented high-fibre rye intake may reduce the helicobacter pylori infection through dampening inflammation and thereby leading to lower adherence of the bacteria to surfaces.the investigators further hypothesize that that inflammation could be a potential causal link between hp infection and insulin resistance, a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

a randomized, double-blind, 12 week parallel dietary intervention study is conducted to evaluate the effects of the two novel food products containing fermented rye bran in normal weight and overweight men and women with prevalent hp infection. a follow-up is planned at week 24. the primary endpoint is severity of hp infection indicated by a breath test. secondary endpoints include effects on chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, blood lipids, blood cholesterol,body weight, intestinal microbial clusters et al. the food products given to the treatment group will be a novel breakfast cereal product and a crispbread product containing fermented rye bran. the control product will be corresponding products based on refined wheat.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. both men and women are eligible. 2. age: 20-70 years old. 3. hp: 13c-urea breath test value（dob）above 4. 4. 50% of the participants should have bmi below or equal to 24 and 50% should have bmi above 24. 5. willing to consume test products for 12 weeks. exclusion criteria: 1. smokers. 2. in medication (except medication for mild hypertension). 3. having allergies or food intolerance. 4. having chronic disease, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer. 5. diagnosis of peptic ulcer. 6. pregnancy or to be pregnant. 7. having travel plans in 4 months.

Keywords: fermented rye bran h. pylori infections non-communicable diseases
priming exercise in type 1 diabetes

Conditions: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: critical power is an important threshold in exercise physiology, and is an important determinant of the ability to tolerate high-intensity exercise. the ability to tolerate such exercise is drastically impaired in certain chronic conditions, such as type 1 diabetes. whilst the most important physiological factors that determine critical power have yet to be determined, previous work from our laboratory suggests that it is related to the speed of oxygen uptake at the onset of exercise. this study will look to utilise "priming" exercise as an intervention to improve the speed of these oxygen uptake "kinetics", and thus critical power and exercise tolerance in individuals with type 1 diabetes. we hypothesize that oxygen uptake kinetics will be faster and critical power will be higher when exercise is performed with compared to without a prior bout of high-intensity priming exercise in a population of individuals with type 1 diabetes.

the ability to tolerate high-intensity exercise, or exercise tolerance, is a key factor that can influence clinical outcomes in a range of conditions. the "critical power" is an important physiological threshold that demarcates exercise intensities that can be sustained for prolonged periods (i.e. below critical power) from intensities that result in exhaustion in a relatively short period of time (i.e. 2-30 minutes, above critical power). critical power is therefore a key determinant of exercise tolerance. the speed with which oxygen uptake rises at the onset of exercise (i.e. oxygen uptake "kinetics") has been shown by work from our laboratory to be a key determinant of critical power. one intervention that can acutely improve the oxygen uptake kinetics is the performance of a prior bout of high-intensity exercise, known as "priming exercise". patients with type 1 diabetes have previously been shown to have impaired exercise tolerance compared to healthy controls. the performance of priming exercise therefore represents a potential intervention to acutely improve oxygen uptake kinetics, and therefore critical power and exercise tolerance, in type 1 diabetic individuals. the purpose of this study is therefore to assess the influence of priming exercise on oxygen uptake kinetics and critical power in a population of type 1 diabetic individuals.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: suffering from type 1 diabetes with a diagnosed disease duration of 2 - 20 years and no comorbidities. exclusion criteria: history of stroke, congestive heart failure, hypertension, or cardiopulmonary disease. current smoking or have been smoking within the last 12 months symptomatic autonomic or distal neuropathy hba1c \> 64 mmol/mol hypoglycaemia unawareness in the last 6 months taking any medications other than insulin.
effect of bpa on anchor antibiotic continuity in the ed: randomized controlled trial

Conditions: Infections, Bacterial; Sepsis; Alert Fatigue, Health Personnel

Summary: the objective is to compare the timeliness of anchor antibiotic administration in the emergency department (ed) after initial dosing with and without a best practice alert in epic (bpa) implemented to remind physicians to re-order the antibiotic. we hypothesize that post-bpa implementation, physicians will have a higher rate of ordering subsequent doses of antibiotics on-time and with the correct dosages compared to pre-bpa implementation.

antibiotics administration can sometimes be delayed in the emergency department (ed) environment, where antibiotics are frequently ordered in electronic medical record systems as a one-time dose and the second dose is delayed or missed. this has been described in the literature, a 2017 article in critical care medicine noted in a single academic center that 33% of sepsis cases had 2nd-dose-antibiotic delays greater than 25% of the recommend interval and this was associated with significantly increased hospital mortality (or 1.61) and mechanical ventilation (or 2.44). an epic best practice advisory (bpa) was created by the mass general brigham ecare decision support team to address this patient safety concern. the bpa alerts providers in the ed or ed observation when the next dose of broad-spectrum antibiotic dose is due for a patient if no future administration has been ordered, based on patient characteristics (such as renal function) and antibiotic selection. the objective of this study is to analyze the impact of this bpa on our performance in terms of on-time antibiotics through a randomized controlled trial. patients whose medical record number (mrn) are odd will be assigned to the treatment group, while those whose mrns are even will be assigned to the control group. the bpa will only be displayed to the patient's providers for the treatment group. we will then compare the performance of on-time antibiotics between the groups and the resulting impact on patient outcomes, such as overall hospital length of stay, admission to the intensive care unit (icu), and in-hospital mortality.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all adult patients (\>= 18 years old) who are seen in a mass general brigham emergency department who had a specific anchor antibiotic administered exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: antibiotics electronic alert
home therapy for stroke rehabilitation using the handsome exoskeleton

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: this research will evaluate the potential for a novel hand orthosis (handsome) to help stroke victims regain functional use of their hand and regain independent living. participants will use the handsome at home regularly for 8 weeks. clinical evaluations will measure changes from the intervention after the 8 weeks and also at a 3 month followup.

after stroke, individuals often have great difficulty with using the affected hand in functional tasks. the hand frequently suffers from finger flexor hypertonia as well as finger extensor weakness. this leads to increased difficulty in grasp and release of objects. handsome is a light weight wearable hand orthosis that increases range of motion and decreases effort during grasping tasks. the goal of this study is to evaluate the handsome device's effectiveness in the rehabilitation of stroke patients through an 8 week intervention. eligible subjects will use the device daily at home for 8 weeks with one visit per week to the clinic to evaluate progress and troubleshoot problems with the device. the hypotheses are that the gains from the 8 weeks of training will be statistically significant and clinically important (defined as gains of greater than 10% of full scale) in the domains of impairment, function and amount of arm use.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. diagnosis of stroke more than six months prior to entry into the study 2. impaired ability to open affected the hand 3. at least trace ability to extend the wrist and fingers exclusion criteria: 1. have cognitive deficits that could negatively affect their ability to complete the protocols as evidenced by a score of 24 or less on the folstein mini-mental state examination 2. have excessive pain in any joint of the affected extremity that could limit ability to cooperate with the protocols 3. have serious uncontrolled medical problems as judged by the project therapist 4. receiving oral or injected antispasticity medications during study treatment 5. mcp and ip passive extension limit \> 30 degrees from full extension 6. excessive tone in the fingers and thumb as determined by ashworth scores \>=3
arx788 in her2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients who were previously treated with t-dxd

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: a single arm, phase 2 study of arx788 in her2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients who were previously treated with t-dxd. the arx788 will be administered every 3 weeks (q3w) intravenous (iv) infusion.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. 18 to 75 years old (including upper and lower limits), male or female; 2. unresectable locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic bc; 3. tissue samples determined to be her2 positive (defined as ihc3+ or fish+); 4. received t-dxd treatment in the advanced stage; 5. adequate bone marrow, liver, kidney and coagulation function; 6. voluntarily sign the informed consent, have good compliance and are willing to comply with the follow-up visit. exclusion criteria: 1. with meningeal metastases or disseminated brain metastases or active brain metastases; 2. has interstitial lung disease requiring steroid therapy, a history of drug-induced interstitial lung disease, a history of radiation pneumonitis, or any evidence indicating clinically active interstitial lung disease; 3. has any eye disease that require medical intervention such as keratitis, corneal diseases or active eye infection; 4. has cardiac insufficiency; 5. has received any systemic anti-tumor therapy (with the exception of endocrine therapy, with an interval of at least 7 days) within 28 days (or at least 5 half-lives) before the first use of the investigational product;
reducing sedentary time in patients with mild cognitive impairment: the take a stand for health study

Conditions: Mild Cognitive Impairment

Summary: this research program aims to comprehensively investigate the clinical, physiological, metabolic, and molecular effects of reducing sedentary behavior in patients with mild cognitive impairment. a 4-month parallel-group randomized controlled trial will be conducted aiming to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of a newly developed personalized intervention focused on replacing sedentary time with light-(or very light-) intensity physical activity in patients with mild cognitive impairment. additionally, a sub-sample of patients will complete a randomised cross-over study aiming to unravel potential mechanisms underlying the metabolic, physiological and molecular effects of breaking up sedentary time with light-intensity physical activity versus carrying out the minimum amount of daily exercise at once and then remaining sedentary versus simply remaining sedentary throughout all sessions, in a well-controlled laboratorial condition.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * middle-aged and older adults with mild cognitive impairment confirmed by a team of neurologists from the ceredic hc-fmusp exclusion criteria: * patients who spend less than 8 hours per day in sedentary time * patients who are physically active (more than 150 min/week of moderate physical activity, or more than 75 min/week of vigorous activity) * patients who are functional illiterates * patients with history or clinical diagnosis of neurological diseases * patients with severe psychiatric symptoms * patients taking antidepressants * patients with visual and/or hearing impairments that prevent participation