Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
is sensory stimulation effective in reducing time spent in a coma or vegetative state

Conditions: Traumatic Brain Injury

Summary: a randomised control trial of patients who have a severe brain injury to determine if patients who receive a standardised sensory stimulation program emerge earlier from a vegetative state. the experimental group would receive, in addition to their normal occuaptional therapy, sensory stimulation which would involve the daily application of stimulation to all five senses using the sensory modalities assessment and rehabilitation technique (smart).

a randomised control trial of patients who have a severe brain injury to determine if patients who receive a standardised sensory stimulation program emerge earlier from a vegetative state. the experimental group would receive, in addition to their normal occupational therapy, sensory stimulation which would involve the daily application of stimulation to all five senses using the sensory modalities assessment and rehabilitation technique (smart). the smart is both an assessment and treatment too. patients in both groups will have baseline assessments conducted using the smart, with further assessments conducted every ten days for thrity days. the smart is designed to provide quantitative data in the assessment of the patients cognitive function and potential awareness. it is a five point hierarchical scale from level 1 ( no response) to level 5 (discriminating).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * admitted with severe brain injury * gcs of 9 or less. a gcs score of 9 or less is indicative of a severe brain injury * medically stable, as documented by medical staff * age 18 to 65 years * controlled intracranial pressure no sedation * no previous brain injury exclusion criteria * patient declared brain dead * next of kin withdraws patient from the study * withdrawal of consent by patient on waking * raised uncontrolled intracranial pressure, following discussions with treating medical team * patient enrolled in decra or rsi trials

Keywords: sensory stimulation programs
study of ruxolitinib (incb018424) administered orally to patients with androgen independent metastatic prostate cancer

Conditions: Prostate Cancer

Summary: this is a clinical trial of orally administered ruxolitinib (incb018424) in patients whose disease has progressed following 1 prior chemotherapy regimen (not including anti-androgens or ketoconazole) for metastatic, androgen-independent prostate cancer.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed with radiographically-documented metastatic prostate cancer that has progressed while receiving androgen-suppressive therapy in the form of a bilateral orchiectomy or gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) agonist (eg, leuprolide, goserelin). * patients must demonstrate evidence of progressive disease based on 1 of the following criteria: 1) progressive measurable disease, or 2) progressive rise in prostate-specific antigen (psa) level (2 consecutive rises from a prior reference level), or 3) development of new lesions on bone scan. * if receiving a gnrh agonist as primary hormonal therapy, the serum testosterone level must be ≤ 50 ng/ml. * must have received and progressed during or following 1 prior chemotherapy regimen for metastatic disease (not including an anti-androgen or ketoconazole); or, must have discontinued prior systemic therapy because of poor tolerance or other adverse effects; or, must have refused chemotherapy treatment. patients having undergone more than 1 prior chemotherapy regimen may be admitted at the discretion of the sponsor. * eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) performance status of 0 to 2. * baseline serum psa level of ≥ 10 ng/ml exclusion criteria: * received any anti-cancer medications in the 30 days before receiving their first dose of study medication except for gnrh agonists and bisphosphonates. * any unresolved toxicity greater than or equal to grade 2 from previous anti-cancer therapy, except for stable chronic toxicities not expected to resolve, such as peripheral neurotoxicity.

Keywords: prostate cancer
acne scarring in skin of color: laser vs microneedling

Conditions: Acne Vulgaris; Scar

Summary: atrophic acne scars are a common and important sequelae of acne that affect up to 43-55% of patients with acne. scarring impacts quality of life with reports of diminished self-esteem and frustration/sadness; additionally, some individuals report that their appearance even interferes with their professional lives. though many treatments for acne scarring exist including ablative and nonablative lasers, subcision, and peels, none is without risk of adverse effects of pain, post-procedure redness or pigmentary changes. there have been no randomized studies directly comparing the effectiveness and safety profiles of microneedling (dermapen) to 1,540nm nonablative fractional lasers (palomar starlux) in the treatment of atrophic acne scarring in skin of color. this clinical trial aims to determine which treatment modality -- microneedling or nonablative fractional laser -- is safer and more efficacious in the treatment of acne scarring in patients with skin of color.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients referred to dermatology clinic for any reason, or resident or attending dermatologists at boston university. * individuals (men and women) aged 18 and older * patients must have atrophic facial acne scarring on the face and desire treatment to improve appearance of acne scarring * patients must have fitzpatrick skin type iii-vi * patients must be willing to receive five acne scarring treatments at monthly intervals with one follow-up visit to assess for efficacy and adverse effects * subjects must speak either english, chinese, or spanish. exclusion criteria: * subjects who are unable or unwilling to give informed consent. * personal history of photosensitivity or photosensitive diseases. * pregnancy or breast-feeding. * facial surgical or laser treatment in the last 3 months. * patients with any active skin infection in the treatment area. * coagulopathies or anticoagulant therapy. * personal history or presence of hypertrophic scars or keloids.

Keywords: microneedling nonablative fractional lasers fitzpatrick skin types iii-v arophic acne scarring
randomized trial of intraoperative iv versus preoperative oral acetaminophen during ambulatory lumbar discectomy

Conditions: Pain, Postoperative; Spine Surgery

Summary: effective non-opioid analgesics are of particular interest in ambulatory surgery, as providers may be able to reduce pain while avoiding perioperative opioids that can delay same day discharge. the value of maintaining an efficient flow of patients from the perioperative area to discharge is an important metric for same day surgery centers, and an improvement in efficiency with iv acetaminophen could potentially offset the increased cost of the medication while providing a more pleasant surgical experience for patients. the goal of this study is to compare the efficacy of intraoperative iv administration vs. preoperative oral administration of acetaminophen on postoperative opioid utilization, patient-reported pain scores, opioid-related adverse effects, and time to recovery and discharge from the post-anesthesia care unit (pacu) after ambulatory lumbar discectomy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age greater than 18 years-old * weight greater than 50 kg body weight * asa physical status i-iii * english-speaking exclusion criteria: * weight less than 50 kg * pregnancy or breast feeding * revision surgery * contraindications to the administration of acetaminophen (e.g. allergy, liver failure, etc) * chronic pain conditions unrelated to back pain * opioid tolerance ( defined as taking greater than oxycodone 20 mg daily for a week during the past month).
exisulind prior to radical prostatectomy

Conditions: Prostatic Neoplasms

Summary: this trial will compare no treatment to exisulind therapy. patients enrolled on the treatment arm will begin treatment 4 weeks prior to the scheduled date of surgical removal of the prostate and will take 375 mg by mouth daily for the 4 weeks prior to radical prostatectomy. participants will be followed for total of 2 months from the time of starting study drug.


Eligibility criteria:
males 40 years of age and older with prostate cancer who are scheduled to undergo surgical removal of the prostate at mayo clinic rochester, mayo clinic jacksonville, or mayo clinic arizona may be eligible for this protocol.
patient experiences with threshold electrical stimulation i̇n stroke: a qualitative study

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: the aim of this study is to determine patient opinions and experiences about threshold electrical stimulation treatment applied to stroke patients.

an exploratory-descriptive qualitative study will be conducted . this study will be conducted with 10 stroke patients receiving threshold electrical stimulation therapy. threshold electrical stimulation will be applied for 4 weeks, 3 days a week, for one hour. at the end of the 4th week, semi-structured focus group interviews will be held with the patients. . in the semi-structured focus group interviews, the same questions will be asked to all participants and the verbal answers to these questions will be recorded with voice recorders. compared to taking notes by hand; it will be preferable to record the conversation with a voice recorder because it has advantages such as recording all the interviews and allowing the interviewer to focus on the interview. thematic analysis method will be used in the evaluation of the data.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * individuals aged between 18 and 80 years, * individuals without communication problems, * individuals who have been diagnosed with stroke exclusion criteria: * uncontrollable arrhythmia and/or hypertension * presence of advanced sensory deficit * visual and hearing problems * not having sufficient communication skills (mini mental test score below 24 points)

Keywords: stroke electric stimulation qualitative research sensory thresholds
effects of perioperative systemic ketamine on development of long-term neuropathic pain after thoracotomy

Conditions: Partial Pneumonectomy Under Lateral or Posterolateral Thoracotomy.

Summary: lung surgery under thoracotomy is known to induce long-term pain which can be considered as neuropathic in many patients concerned \[1,2\]. the suspected origin of neuropathy is a direct traumatism of intercostal nerve(s) \[3\]. among the possible preventive treatments that can be administered during the initial aggression, ketamine \[4,5\] appears as the easiest to use, as it is already commonly administered intra and postoperatively for improvement of analgesia \[6\].

lung surgery under thoracotomy is known to induce long-term pain which can be considered as neuropathic in many patients concerned \[1,2\]. the suspected origin of neuropathy is a direct traumatism of intercostal nerve(s) \[3\]. among the possible preventive treatments that can be administered during the initial aggression, ketamine \[4,5\] appears as the easiest to use, as it is already commonly administered intra and postoperatively for improvement of analgesia \[6\]. this study compares two groups of patients undergoing thoracotomy for partial pneumonectomy, one receiving intravenous ketamine since the beginning of procedure and then during 48 hours, the other receiving inactive normal saline (placebo). the study is prospective, randomized, and double-blinded. the primary endpoint is to reduce chronic pain (on visual analogue scale) at the 4th month after surgery with ketamine. the objective is to obtain a mean value under 20/100 in the ketamine group, considering that the expected mean value for the control group is 38/100 (based on personal observations). the secondary endpoints are lower scores of neuropathic pain in the ketamine group, assessed by the npsi questionnaire \[7\]. the impact of treatment on quality of life, assessed by a questionnaire (sf-36), is also studied. the data collected by clinical and psychophysical examination performed on all patients at the 4th month after surgery will be also considered for analysis, in order to understand better the features of post-thoracotomy neuropathic pain.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * elective partial pneumonectomy under lateral or posterolateral thoracotomy, performed under standardized general anesthesia. exclusion criteria: * patient's refusal * bad health status * previous neuropathic pain or treatment acting on neuropathic pain * major postoperative complication * intolerance to ketamine * epidural anesthesia

Keywords: thoracotomy neuropathic pain nerve trauma ketamine nmda receptors
memantine as adjunctive therapy for schizophrenia negative symptoms

Conditions: Schizophrenia

Summary: memantine as an add-on therapy to clozapine may improve schizophrenia negative symptoms and cognitive functioning.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * under clozapine with negative symptoms exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * lactation

Keywords: schizophrenia negative symptoms clozapine
the effects of walking in nature (vs. an urban setting) on the wellbeing of postsecondary students.

Conditions: Affect; Wellness, Psychological; Depressive Symptoms; Anxiety Disorders and Symptoms; Stress; Sleep; Non-suicidal Self-injury

Summary: the goal of this randomized controlled trial is to examine the effects of a walking intervention (3 walks per week for a period of 4 weeks) in a nature vs. urban setting on the wellbeing of young adult postsecondary students. we will examine changes in positive and negative affect for participants assigned to the nature condition vs those assigned to the urban condition (primary outcome). we will also examine changes in reported depression and anxiety symptoms, perceived stress levels, sleep quality, mindfulness and wellbeing (secondary outcome).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 18-25 years * speaks english * had working smartphone that can track walk routes using a smartphone application exclusion criteria: * inability to walk for 45 minutes due to serious medical reasons (eg surgery) * heart condition

Keywords: positive affect negative affect wellbeing walking intervention (nature vs urban) postsecondary students young adults stress sleep quality non-suicidal self-injury mindfulness
three-dimensional ultrasound imaging and spectroscopy for characterizing breast masses

Conditions: Breast Cancer; Breast Masses

Summary: the purpose of the study is to test the hypothesis that quantitative ultrasound techniques including spectroscopy may be used as a non-invasive biomarker for characterization of suspected breast cancers. the main goal is to select and identify an optimal set of quantitative ultrasound parameters that can be used, non-invasively, to characterize suspected breast cancers, as identified based on the histopathology reports on core biopsy specimens, surgery reports, or radiology reports. primary endpoint will correlate quantitative ultrasound parameters to the histopathological properties, as determined from pathology reports on core biopsy specimens, surgery reports, or radiology reports. the secondary endpoint in this study will include correlating the results of ultrasound-based breast cancer characterization with 2 and 5-years clinical outcomes.

this project is an observational/early validation study in human subjects that will use ultrasound imaging and spectroscopy to characterize suspected breast cancers. patients will be imaged with ultrasound, and the acquired data will be analyzed using quantitative ultrasound techniques, in conjunction with textural analysis on generated parametric images. results of quantitative ultrasound data analysis for these breast lumps will be compared to and correlated with histopathological characteristics from pathology reports on core biopsy specimens, surgery reports, or radiology reports.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. women or men with suspected breast cancer 2. patients should have the ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document. exclusion criteria: 1. patients who have had chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or major surgery within 4 weeks prior to registering in the study or those who have not recovered from adverse events due to agents administered more than 4 weeks prior to registration. 2. receiving any other investigational agents. 3. any condition that is unstable or could jeopardize the safety of the patient and their compliance in the study.

Keywords: ultrasound imaging 3d spectroscopy
use of v-loc suture for mid-face lifting in short-flap rhytidectomy

Conditions: Use of the Vloc Suture; Elevation of the Mid-face

Summary: this study will evaluate and measure the vloc suture's ability to elevate the mid-face when using a short flap, short incision technique in during a traditional face-lift. the objective of this study is to assess the suture's potential in elevating the mid-face when a traditional lifestyle facelift is performed. we hypothesize that the vloc suture will elevate the mid-face more effectively when using a short flap, short incision technique on a traditional facelift.

a total of 25 patients who are already receiving a traditional lifestyle lift will be asked to participate. once the consent form has been signed by the patient, the facelift will be performed as scheduled and the vloc suture will be added to the mid-face area. each patient will be added to a database and their progress will be tracked with photos taken before, at 6 weeks, and at 6 months following the procedure. all data stored will be locked into a hard drive that can only be accessed by the research staff and the doctor. the text data will be used by research staff for reports and articles. \* you must already have purchased and scheduled a facelift procedure with lifestyle lift to participate in this trial. the addition of only the v-loc suture is at no cost.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who are scheduled to receive a lifestyle lift will be asked to participate. the first 25 patients who have consented will be included into the study. exclusion criteria: * any patient who is not able to receive a facelift for whatever reason, or who do not want a facelift will not be apart of this study
effect of weight loss and exercise on liver and muscle fat in obese elderly

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of weight loss and exercise on liver and muscle fat.

obesity causes serious medical complications and impairs quality of life. moreover, both aging and obesity cause metabolic and physical dysfunction. the primary objectives of the proposed research are to evaluate the independent and combined effects of weight loss and exercise on intrahepatic and intramyocellular fat in obese elderly men and women. the central hypothesis is that in obese elderly subjects, weight loss will improve metabolic and physical function while the addition of exercise will not only augment improvement in these outcomes, but also attenuate the adverse effects of weight loss on bone and muscle masses. to test this hypothesis, 20 elderly (65-85 years old) obese men and women (body mass index \[bmi\] \> 30 kg/m2) with physical frailty will be randomized to 2 treatment groups: 1)10% weight loss, 2) 10% weight loss plus exercise training.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * obese (bmi 30 or greater) * elderly (age 65 years or older) exclusion criteria: * major chronic disease or any condition that would interfere with exercise or dietary restriction, in which exercise or dietary restriction are contraindicated, or that would interfere with interpretation of results. examples include cardiopulmonary disease, unstable disease, severe orthopedic or neuromuscular impairments, dementia, history of malignancy during the past 5 years

Keywords: obesity aging exercise diet weight loss physical function obesity in the elderly
hands and hearts together

Conditions: Parent-Child Relations; Development, Infant; Parenting; Development, Child

Summary: growing evidence demonstrates that secure attachment in childhood predicts children's healthy social, biological, and behavioral functioning, whereas insecure attachment predicts behavior problems and physiological dysregulation; thus, efforts to foster secure attachment are crucial for promoting the healthy development of children and families. this proposal describes a randomized controlled trial (rct) of an innovative intervention program that can be widely implemented designed to foster children's secure attachment, promote healthy physiological regulation, and reduce the risk for behavior problems: the circle of security ® parenting (cos-p) intervention. to this end, investigators will conduct an rct with 249 parent-child dyads enrolled or are eligible but not yet enrolled in two diverse early head start (ehs) programs.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * parents whose children (age 8 to 36 months) are enrolled or are eligible to be enrolled in harrisburg pa and lehigh valley pa early head start programs exclusion criteria: * parents who are not sufficiently fluent in the language in which cos-p intervention will be conducted (spanish or english)

Keywords: parent-child relations development, infant parenting development, child attachment home visiting early intervention
multicenter analysis of different approaches in segmentectomies in early-stage lung cancer

Conditions: Early Stage Lung Cancer (I and II); Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Summary: the study is a retrospective, observational and multicentric study. the study describes robotic segmentectomies performed in four referred centers, with the aim to assess the perioperative compilications of robotic segmentectomies compared to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (vats) and open approach.

minimally invasive techniques have been gradually replacing open approach in the treatment of lung cancer. video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (vats) was the first procedure to be developed in the thoracic field and is the most widespread. it has been associated with decreased postoperative pain, shorter recovery, decreased inflammatory response and improved tolerance to chemotherapy. what is limiting video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (vats) spread is the steep learning curve, difficulties and discomfort to operate, suboptimal view and rigid instrumentation. these problems have been partially overcome by the robotic technique (rats). this study aims to compare the perioperative complications of robotic segmentectomies to vats and open approaches. in addition, the secondary aim of the study is to analyze the duration of surgery, mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes dissection, rate of conversion of robotic approach compared to vats, overall survival and disease free survival in the three different approaches. the study is retrospective, observational and multicentric. the four centers involved are: irccs san raffaele hospital, irccs european institute of oncology - ieo, irccs humanitas research hospital - ich and the department of general thoracic surgery, fondazione policlinico universitario "agostino gemelli" irccs, università cattolica del sacro cuore, rome, italy. the population includes: all patients that underwent segmentectomies from the 1st january 2010 to the 31st of december 2023 treated with robotic segmentectomy and vats or open segmentectomy, reaching a total of 472 cases of which 50 from our hospital.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pre or post-operative diagnosis of nsclc surgically treated with pulmonary segmentectomy from 1st january 2010 to the 31st to december 2023. * age \> then 18 years at the moment of surgery exclusion criteria: * age \< then 18 years at the moment of surgery * diagnosis other than nsclc

Keywords: video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery open approach robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery