Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
tracheal exposure without tracheostomy completion in trans-oral robotic oncologic surgery

Conditions: Upper Aerodigestive Tract Neoplasms

Summary: upper aerodigestive tract neoplasms surgery results in important trauma, including swelling (oedemas) that can lead to respiratory tract obstruction and death from suffocation. to prevent this, protective tracheostomy is performed, allowing patients to breathe through a cannula during the critical phase. although tracheostomy is reassuring, it presents complications, including swallowing disorders, refeeding delay and pulmonary infections. it generates anxiety for patients and can prevent them from communicating, which can affect their psychological well-being during hospitalization. in sainte musse hospital, patients who undergo upper aerodigestive tract neoplasms surgery are continuously monitored in intensive care unit. for some "at risk" patients, tracheostomy preparation is performed during operation with tracheal exposure but no incision. if dyspnea occurs, reanimators can quickly access to trachea and proceed to tracheostomy completion. this method, called prepa-trach, avoids unnecessary tracheostomies while minimizing risks for the patients who would need it. study purpose is to assess the security and reliability of this prepa-trach protocol.

this retrospective descriptive monocentric study aims at producing a descriptive series of patients who underwent tracheal exposure in case of tracheostomy hoping to avoid them a complete tracheostomy. its purpose is to demonstrate on one hand the reliability and security of this technique and on the other hand to define some imperative criteria of surgical indication for tracheostomy or no tracheostomy. the number of patients included corresponds to the eligible patients cohort of hôpital sainte musse ent surgery department over the 10 last years.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients (≥ 18 years) * all patients managed for an upper airway and digestive tract carcinoma with trans-oral robotic surgery, with tracheal exposure performed during the surgical procedure without immediate tracheostomy completion. exclusion criteria: * patients with immediate complete laryngectomy or complete pharyngolaryngectomy * patient opposition * patient under legal guardianship

Keywords: tracheostomy upper aerodigestive tract neoplasms robotic-assisted surgery unnecessary surgery surgery complications
nutritional status and quality of life in older adults

Conditions: Malnutrition

Summary: the aim of this study is to determine the nutritional status, and factors affecting malnutrition in older people staying in hospitals. objectives: * to recruit a sample of older people in hospital * to collect information on nutritional status, satisfaction with food-related life and experience with access to food in hospital. * to assess the staffing attitudes to nutritional care of the older adult * to undertake an audit of therapeutic ('special') diets served in hospitals, with respect to their nutritional adequacy and wastage * to investigate predictors and correlates of malnutrition within the hospital setting and compare these relationships with those previously identified in care homes and the community. * to make recommendations for practice to improve the nutritional status of hospitalised older adults.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged ≥ 75 years old * male or female * duration of stay is more than 24hrs * able to eat normally * able to read and write english * able to be weighed standing or sitting or accurate weight available since admission exclusion criteria: * age below 75 years old * newly admitted patient (less than 24hrs) * certain medical conditions likely to affect digestion/ absorption of nutrients (researchers will assess) * unable to provide informed written consent * patients on gastric surgical wards or suffering from gastritis * patients currently taking laxatives * unable to be weighed and no measured weight available (self report weight is not adequate)

Keywords: malnutrition elderly care quality of life hospital
crp monitoring after icr in cd patients

Conditions: Crohn Disease; Ileocolic Resection

Summary: aim: the aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of the c-reactive protein as an early predictor of intra-abdominal septic complicationss after ileocolic resection for crohn disease. methods: data collected between january 2010 and march 2020 will be analyzed. informations about preoperative, peroperative and post operative will be collected. the outcome after surgery will be analysed according to the comprehensive complication index.

in colorectal surgery, inflammatory markers (crp, pct) are used systematically in the postoperative period as an early predictor of postoperative complications and in particular the prediction of anastomotic leaks and intra-abdominal septic complications. indeed, the occurrence of an anastomotic leak (5 to 15% of cases) involves the introduction of antibiotics, the carrying out of invasive procedures which can go as far as reoperation (and the establishment of ostomy) and always increases the length of stay and the cost of hospitalization. it is therefore essential to benefit from the most sensitive and specific tools to detect this serious and sometimes lethal complication at an early stage. numerous studies have evaluated and demonstrated the value of monitoring the crp in the early postoperative period to detect the occurrence of an anastomotic leak. however, the majority of these studies presented heterogeneous populations for two reasons: all types of colorectal surgery interventions were included (right colectomy, transverse colectomy, left colectomy and anterior resection of the rectum) and multiple surgical indications were taken into account (colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, colonic diverticulosis). in addition, a 2015 study comparing the postoperative monitoring of markers of inflammation after ileocolic resection of patients with, on the one hand, crohn's disease and, on the other, colon cancer showed a greater inflammatory reaction in patients with crohn's disease (in particular on pod1, 4, 5 and 6) without identifying a threshold value. this increased inflammatory response can be explained by a greater inflammatory state than in the general population: bacterial translocation due to an alteration of the mucosal barrier aggravated by immunodeficiency. it thus appears that the cut-off values usually used (170-175 mg/l on pod3 and 125mg/l on pod4) are probably not suitable for the postoperative monitoring of these patients and for prediction of intra-abdominal septic complications. no study to date has identified a threshold value of postoperative crp that can predict the occurrence of postoperative anastomotic fistula and intra-abdominal septic complications after ileocecal resection for crohn's disease.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who underwent an ileocolic resection for crohn disease * patient ≥18 years old exclusion criteria: - patient who reject the study protocol

Keywords: laparoscopy c-reactive protein postoperative outcomes intra-abdominal septic complications
68ga-psma pet/mri in conjunction with mpmri for evaluating prospective prostate cancer risk

Conditions: Prostate Cancer

Summary: the goal of this observational study is to learn if ga-68 psma pet/mri can better diagnose prostate cancer than mpmri in males between 40 to 85 years old who is naive to prostate biopsy and is suspicious for prostate cancer by elevated psa or lower urinary tract symptoms. the main questions it aims to answer are: 1. does psma pet/mri have better ppv and npv than mpmri to diagnose prostate cancer? 2. does lesion location concordance in psma pet and mri effect diagnosis accuracy? participants will: 1. undergo a ga-68 psma pet/mri scan and keep followed up for 2 years to check if prostate cancer is diagnosed after the scan. 2. between the follow-up period, visit the clinic once every 6 months for checkups and blood tests.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients who indicated mri of pelvis due to clinical suspicion of prostate cancer based on elevated psa (4\~20 ng/ml), abnormal digital rectal examination or lower urinary tract syndromes. 2. males aged between 40 and 85 years with a life expectancy greater than two years. 3. naïve to prostate biopsy in the past. 4. assessment of daily physical status graded 0 to 2 based on the eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) criteria. 5. willing to sign the informed consent. exclusion criteria: 1. unable to tolerate the pet/mri scan, such as those with claustrophobia, unable to lie still, consciousness unclear, vital sign unstable, or having mri unsafe metallic implants or devices. 2. with renal impairment (glomerular filtration rate lower than 30 ml/min/1.73 m2), and allergy to medium contrast. 3. high risk to conduct examination after evaluations of pi 4. patient had previous malignancy history

Keywords: ga-68 psma pet/mri pi-rads biopsy naive
low-dose ketamine infusion for post-operative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecyctectomy

Conditions: Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Summary: following surgery, acute pain is a typical issue with a variety of implications. surgeons, anesthesia specialists, and patients all desire effective pain management with the fewest possible adverse effects. at low dosages (\ 1 mg/kg), ketamine is utilized as an analgesic and an anaesthetic. ketamine at high dosages causes dissociative anaesthesia with little impact on breathing or airway reflexes. although this medication is a powerful analgesic, its usage is restricted due to it leads to agitation and hallucinations during awakening. nevertheless, it has a potent analgesic effect when administered at a subanesthetic dose, and ketamine's psychomimetic side effects are rare at these dosages. this study intended to examine the role of low-dose for post-operative pain control in patients undergoing lc, despite the fact that numerous studies have been conducted on the subject and that the results have been inconsistent.

most patients still stay overnight after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy (lc) due to post-operative pain, which continues to be the principal obstacle to early patient discharge. on the first postoperative day following laparoscopic procedures, patients may have mild to moderate postoperative pain, with decreased pain intensity in the shoulder area (from the subdiaphragmatic region), particularly intra-abdominal and local discomfort at the incision site. because of its analgesic properties and cardiovascular stability, ketamine has been used extensively in anesthesia practice. it non-competitively blocks n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptors. as an addition to multimodal perioperative pain management, ketamine has grown in favor in recent years. ketamine at high dosages causes dissociative anaesthesia with little impact on breathing or airway reflexes. in a range of surgical procedures, low-dose ketamine infusions (\<0.3 mg/kg/hr) have demonstrated effectiveness in lowering pain scores and minimising the need for postoperative opioids. regarding the reduction of pain and analgesic demand, ketamine has demonstrated conflicting effects. the study objective was to determine the effect of low-dose ketamine infusion on quality and duration of post-operative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic in a tertiary care hospital.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients of age 18 years or above of either gender * patients planned of elective laparoscopic choleycyctectomy exclusion criteria: * obese patients * history of alcohol consumption and drug abusers * uncontrolled hypertension * uncontrolled diabetes * patients with chronic pain * patients allergic to study drugs * patients with neurological disorders * patients unable to understand scoring system

Keywords: cholelithiasis cholecystectomy laparoscopic surgery ketamine analgesia
study of finerenone to investigate a paediatric formulation in healthy male subjects

Conditions: Pharmacokinetics

Summary: finerenone is developed for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease (adults) and chronic kidney disease (children). the purpose of the proposed trial is to test the pharmacokinetics of a novel liquid formulation for the treatment of children in comparison to the adult tablet formulation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy male subjects * age: 18 to 45 years (inclusive) * body mass index (bmi) : ≥ 18 and ≤ 29.9 kg/m² * race: white exclusion criteria: * subjects with conspicuous findings in medical history and pre-study examination in the opinion of the investigator * a history of relevant diseases of vital organs, of the central nervous system or other organs * known renal or liver insufficiency * subjects with diagnosed malignancy, psychiatric disorders, or thyroid disorders (evaluated by medical history, physical examination, clinical symptoms, and assessment of thyroid stimulating hormone at screening) * medical disorder that would impair the subject's ability to complete the study in the opinion of the investigator * incompletely cured pre-existing diseases for which it can be assumed that the absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination and effects of the study drugs will not be normal * relevant diseases within the last 4 weeks prior to the first study drug administration * smoking more than 10 cigarettes daily and/ or inability to refrain from smoking on the profile days until 8 h after administration * vegetarian or special diets preventing the subjects from eating the standard meals during the study, especially the high-fat high-calorie american breakfast or reluctance to ingest it
preventing weight regain post-semaglutide treatment with active fiber supplement (soloways)

Conditions: Overweight and Obesity

Summary: this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial titled "preventing weight regain post-semaglutide treatment with active fiber supplement (soloways)" evaluated the efficacy of an active fiber supplement in preventing weight regain post-semaglutide treatment. participants were adults aged 18-65, with a history of obesity or overweight, and had completed a semaglutide course. the study involved 160 participants, equally divided into two groups: one receiving the active fiber supplement (glucomannan, inulin, and psyllium) and the other a placebo, both taken 30 minutes before each main meal for 180 days. co-primary endpoints were the percentage of weight regain from baseline to day 180 and metabolic health markers (blood glucose levels, hba1c, lipid profile, blood pressure). secondary endpoints included changes in bmi, body composition, and appetite assessment using vas ratings and the control of eating questionnaire (coeq). participants also adhered to a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity, with all standard assays performed in a central laboratory. the study's objective was to determine the supplement's effectiveness in enhancing satiety, improving digestive health, and thus better managing weight compared to a placebo


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults with a history of obesity or overweight and completed semaglutide course. * age 18-65 years.- exclusion criteria: * serious chronic illnesses. * history of bulimia or anorexia. * pregnancy or lactation.

Keywords: semaglutide dietary fiber weight loss appetite suppression
ofa in thoracic surgery

Conditions: Thoracic Cancer

Summary: to investigate the efficacy and safety of opioid-free anesthesia for non-small-cell lung cancer resection and its underlying clinical value

opioids used to have its irreplaceable role in standard opioid-based anesthesia, yet with the help of hypnotics, local anesthetics, anti-inflammatory drugs, α-2 agonists and epidural techniques, opioid-free anesthesia (ofa) has been proved to be safe and feasible for non-cardiac major surgeries. opioid-sparing anesthesia (osa) is encouraged by the needs of enhanced recovery and recommended by the latest guidelines for anesthesia of lung surgery. according to previous studies, both opioid-sparing and opioid-free anesthesia would reduce the incidence of opioid-related adverse events and speed up the postoperative recovery to some extent, yet no studies ever are dedicated to compare these two different techniques.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * going through thoracoscopic lung surgery including lobectomy, segmentectomy, single or multiple wedge resection, and two of the above procedures combined; * able to complete the pain scoring face-to-face; * no cognitive dysfunction or history of anesthetic drug allergy; * asa grade i-ii exclusion criteria: -psychological disorders

Keywords: opioid free anesthesia non small cell lung caner
preoperative echocardiography in patients with hip fracture

Conditions: Perioperative Medicine; Hip Fractures; Echocardiography

Summary: aim of the study was to assess whether preoperative echocardiography affects time to surgery, length of hospital stay and in hospital mortality in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. in the study entered two hundred fifty -five consecutive patients with hip fracture referred to a multidisciplinary hip fracture unit at a tertiary teaching hospital. other 717 patients referred before implementation of routine echocardiographic examination were considered as control group. echocardiography was performed in patients with systolic murmurs, unstable clinical conditions, recent decompensation of heart failure or hospital admission for coronary disease. time to surgery, length of hospital stay (los) and in hospital mortality in patients underwent preoperative echocardiography (high risk group) were compared with patients who did not undergo echo (low-risk group ) and with an historical group.

the study is part of a project of italian health ministry and toscana region -regional fund -2010-2316600- and was approved by ethical committee of regione toscana. written informed consent to treatment and collection of clinical data for research purposes was obtained at admission. the study, was conducted according to strobe statements and performed in line with the principles of the declaration of helsinki. between jan 1 and may 31 2018 255 consecutive patients with hip fracture aged \> 70 years were referred to the hip fracture unit of a teaching hospital . the diagnosis of hip fracture was made according to orthopaedic trauma association classification . all patients were evaluated by multidisciplinary hip fracture team according to a previously described protocol. demographic data, comorbidities and functional status before trauma were recorded. according to local evaluation protocol echocardiography was performed in patients with previously unknown systolic murmurs, unstable cardiovascular clinical conditions, recent (within 6 months) decompensation of heart failure or hospital admission for coronary disease (high-risk group). results were compared with patients without these characteristics, in whom echocardiography was not performed (low-risk group). patients referred to hip fracture unit in 2016 before implementation of echocardiography protocol were considered as control group.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hip fragility fracture, * age \> 70 years exclusion criteria: * high energy fracture in aged \> 70 years * age \< 70 years

Keywords: elderly hip fracture prognosis echocardiography
evaluation of postoperative pain after tension-free obturator tape operation (tvt-o) with or without local anesthetic

Conditions: Stress Urinary Incontinence

Summary: background: compare the pain intensity after tvt-o procedure in the inner part of the thigh where the anesthetic substance will be injected versus the inner part of of the thigh without anesthetic injection in the same woman. the advantage of this work is that this method of testing neutralizes the effect of pain thresholds of different women. if an advantage will be found in injecting anesthetic as a reduction in postoperative pain, it could be recommended for all women who undergo surgery of this kind. methods: preoperative women will be offered the opportunity to participate in the study after a detailed explanation of the study and determine a date for an elective tvt-o procedure. after signing the informed consent form, they will undergo a tvt-o procedure with injection of anesthetic into one of the obturators membranes. in a random order, marcaine 5-ml will be injected into a left or right obturator membrane. one side with marcaine (bupivacaine hcl) 0.5% 5 mg / ml injection,opposite side without injection of any anesthetic. before and after surgery, patients will receive visual analogue scale (vas) instruction and will be polled at the following time points: 1,6,12,24 hours after surgery per inner part of the thigh separately. each patient will rate the intensity of the pain she feels on the pain questionnaire at each of the time points mentioned before.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: • women undergoing tvt-o exclusion criteria: • repeat surgery
percentage of secondary prevention patients treated to their ldl-c targets

Conditions: Hyperlipidemias; Atherosclerosis; Coronary Heart Disease; Carotid Stenosis; Peripheral Vascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: a cholesterol/lipid profile screening project of high risk patients with hyperlipidaemia (secondary prevention) who already receive cholesterol-lowering therapy. lipid profile and rate of patients who are treated to target (which is \<100mg/dl for patients with high risk and \<70mg/dl for patients at very high risk) are screened (hospital-based specialists). the doctors therapy decisions after the screening and possible reasons for these decisions will be documented. our aim is to evaluate dosing habits, to evaluate how many patients are treated to their ldl-c target and to underline the importance of treating patients to their cholesterol targets.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * secondary prevention patients with hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis (coronary heart disease, carotid stenosis, pvd, etc.) and/or diabetes who already receive cholesterol-lowering therapy exclusion criteria: * patients who do not receive cholesterol-lowering therapy

Keywords: hyperlipidemia need-to-treat nis secondary prevention patients with hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis (coronary heart disease, carotid stenosis, pvd, etc.) and/or diabetes
effects of nasulin versus placebo on blood glucose control in patient volunteers with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes

Summary: the purpose of this study is: * to assess the efficacy of nasulin vs. placebo as indicated by time spent in euglycemia, assessed by continuous glucose monitoring data and serum fructosamine levels in patient volunteers with type 2 diabetes. * to asses the safety and tolerability of nauslin at 50 iu and 100iu doses in patient volunteers with type 2 diabetes

this proof of concept trial has a randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled design with a 4-week single-blind placebo and diet run-in period. given a ratio of 1:1, patient volunteers will be randomized into one of two parallel treatment arms, nasulin in a combination with insulin glargine or placebo in combination with insulin glargine. the randomization period will be 6 weeks in length. the total length of individual patient volunteer participation, including screening and follow-up will be approximately 13-14 weeks.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults with type 2 diabetes (18 years of age or older) * currently treated with basal insulin and oad(s) * hba1c range of 6.5 - 10. * bmi less than 41 exclusion criteria: * multiple daily injections of mealtime insulin * regular use of nasal sprays * significant nasal pathology * employed in a job which required irregular shift or night work

Keywords: phase 2 study for novel insulin delivery of type 2 diabetes