Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
soluble programmed death 1 (spd1) is a diagnostic biomarker of ild in patients with rheumatoid arthritis disease

Conditions: Rheumatoid Arthritis

Summary: 1. evaluate the levels of serum (spd1) in ra patients with ild and those without. 2. detect subclinical ra-ild for early diagnosis and management of this devastating manifestation of ra

rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that is characterized by a systemic inflammatory state that affects joints and other organs . there are many types of ra-related pulmonary diseases. ra-related pulmonary diseases include airway disease such as bronchiolitis. there are interstitial lung diseases that include non-specific interstitial pneumonitis and usual interstitial pneumonia . the pathogenesis of ra is multifactorial with contributions from genetic and environmental factors. (cd4+) t-cells is responsible for pro-inflammatory cytokines production and subsequent joint destruction . the aetiology of ra-ild may be related to smoking and other factors that activate autoimmunity and the attack of post-transcriptionally modified self-proteins, such as citrullinated peptides. citrullinated peptide can be produced in the lungs of some patients, causing a pulmonary fibrosis . major subtypes of ra-ild are defined by their histopathological or (hrct) patterns . programmed death-1 belongs to cd28/b7 family and is expressed on the surface of activated t cells, b cells, nk cells, dendritic cells and treg cells. spd-1 is the soluble form of pd-1 that is obtained by phosphoric acid hydrolysis of membrane type pd-1 . programmed death-1 and its ligands are important negative regulators of the immune system. . in ra, persistent synovial t cell activation and inflammation may be reasoned to positive regulators overexpression, aberrant expression of negative regulators or functional antagonism of these molecules by soluble factors . spd-1 inhibits the pd-1/pd-l signalling pathway by interacting with pd-ls and promotes the t cell activation .

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult ra patients who fulfilled the 2010 acr/european league against rheumatism (eular) criteria for the classification of ra (7). * adult ra patients with ild (nonspecific idiopathic interstitial pneumonia more than 16 years old). exclusion criteria: * patients with other autoimmune diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, polyarteritis nodosa sarcoidosis, dermatomyositis, scleroderma, spondylarthritis and inflammatory bowel disease). * ra patients with lung affection other than ild * patients with malignant tumors * patients with active infection * patients with severe heart, lung, and kidney dysfunction * patients with tuberculosis, pulmonary infection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, lung tumor, and pneumoconiosis disease. * uses of drugs (other than ra medication) known to cause ild such as antimicrobial agents (sulphonamide), cardiovascular agents (amiodarone) and bromocriptine.

Keywords: interstitial lung disease
e-cigarettes to promote smoking reduction among individuals with schizophrenia

Conditions: Tobacco Smoking

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess if access to an electronic nicotine delivery device, or e-cigarette, in addition to nicotine patch (21 mg) can help reduce cigarette smoking among individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia compared to nicotine patch alone.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * be diagnosed with schizophrenia * be in stable medical condition (dsm-v) * report smoking ≥10 tobacco cigarettes/day * present a breath co ≥10 ppm * report wanting to reduce their cigarette smoking * be fluent in english * have a stable living situation exclusion criteria: * be currently pregnant or breastfeeding * report wanting to quit smoking in the immediate future * test positive for illicit drugs except thc * have any illness, medical condition, or use of medications, which in the opinion of the study physicians would preclude safe and/or successful completion of the study

Keywords: e-cigarettes schizophrenia
automated respiration rate to improve accuracy of the electronic cardiac arrest risk triage score (ecart) algorithm

Conditions: Heart Arrest

Summary: currently, breathing rate and heart rate are checked by nursing staff manually every few hours and entered into a patient's medical record. the investigators are doing this study to see if a device that will automatically record breathing rate and heart rate every 15 minutes is as accurate as the manual measurement. the investigators will also see if these measurements, taken every 15 minutes, will help us predict adverse events more quickly and accurately than the measurements taken every few hours.

both cardiac arrest and sepsis are primarily identified by vital sign abnormalities. however, the practice of nurses and their designees routinely checking hospitalized patients' vital signs every four to eight hours throughout the day and night has remained essentially unchanged for over one hundred years. while respiratory rate has been shown to be the most predictive vital sign for adverse events on the wards, it is often inaccurately measured and poorly documented. for example, a disproportionate amount of respiratory rates are recorded as either 18 or 20 breaths/min, which is often higher than actual rates. we have previously statistically derived a physiology-based early warning score, called the electronic cardiac arrest risk triage score (ecart), using vital signs and lab values. the ecart was more accurate than scores commonly used in hospitals today. however, the vital sign values utilized for our score were manually collected by nursing staff every four hours. recent technological advances have allowed for high-frequency measurement of pulse and respiratory rate using a cableless respiration monitor. these devices allow for more frequent and potentially more accurate measures of respiration, which may enhance the prediction ability for detecting adverse events on the wards. in addition, the increase in monitoring frequency may result in earlier detection of adverse events, which could translate into further improvements in patient outcomes. a subset of patients may be continuously measured using a telemetry system. the alarms and ecgs from these patients are monitored by staff in a centralized station in the hospital. when a clinical event requiring action is observed, a call is made to the unit alerting the clinical staff that action is necessary. we will collect the continuous measurements collected from this system and compare these continuous measurements to the high frequency and manual measurements.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * over 18 years * able to provide written consent exclusion criteria: * none
correlation analysis of lens nucleus density and surgical parameters based on ss-oct and scheimpflug technology

Conditions: Age-related Cataract

Summary: to study the correlation between three different lens nuclear opacity classification methods and intraoperative phacoemulsification parameters .

slit-lamp lens images, pentacam and iol-master 700 images were collected in patients with dilated pupil before cataract surgery, and phacoemulsification parameters on the centurion phacoemulsification machine (alcon) screen were recorded. spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between lens nuclear density and phacoemulsification parameters based on ss-oct and scheimpflug techniques.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age-related cataracts performed by the same surgeon in our hospital; 2. pupil diameter can be enlarged more than 6 millimetre. exclusion criteria: 1. the pupil diameter cannot be dilated greater than 6mm; 2. previously ocular surgery or laser treatment; 3. history of ocular trauma; 4. other ocular diseases such as keratoconus, glaucoma and retinal detachment; 5. corneal opacities caused by leucoma, pterygium and other diseases; 6. lens dislocation or complicated cataract surgery (any complications during/after the operations); 7. poor fixation leading to low image quality or inability to cooperate with examinations.

Keywords: cataract nucleus density phacoemulsification parameters ss-oct scheimpflug
mobilising patients with severe brain injury in intensive care

Conditions: Brain Injury Traumatic Severe; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Intracranial Hematoma

Summary: introduction patients with severe brain injury are often restricted to bed rest during the early period of brain injury which may lead to unwanted secondary complications. there is lack of evidence of when to initiate the first mobilisation. the sara combilizer® is an easy and efficient tool for mobilising patients with severe injuries, including brain injury. through a randomised cross-over trial the investigators will investigate the impact of early mobilisation on patients with severe acquired brain injury caused by traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid brain injury or intracranial haematoma. the investigators hypothesise that mobilisation using the sara combilizer® does not affect partial oxygenation of brain tissue.

the primary purpose of this study is to quantify cerebral oxygenation, when mobilising patients with severe brain injury using a sara combilizer® to the seated position and during passive standing. this study is conducted at the department of neurointensive care and neuroanaesthesiology, rigshospitalet, copenhagen. based on the international conference on harmonisation-good clinical practice guidelines and the danish "good clinical practice" administrative order, a table regarding the responsibilities of sponsor/investigators before, during and after the clinical trial, will be filled and signed in order to avoid misunderstandings. this table can be found in the trial master file (tmf) located at the primary investigator's office and the sponsor's office. this study is designed as a cross-over study with patients randomly assigned to (1) an initial intervention protocol on the first day and with a passive sedentary protocol on the second, or (2) an initial passive sedentary protocol on the first day followed by an intervention protocol on the second day. randomisation included patients will, after stabilisation of icp, be randomised to start with either the intervention or sedentary protocol, with the opposite protocol on the second day. a computer-generated randomisation algorithm will be created in redcap, with age and glasgow coma score (gcs) as dichotomised stratification variables. age will be divided into young (18 to 60 years) and old (61+ years), and the gcs into severe brain injury (gcs 3-8) and moderate to mild injury (gcs 9-15). the following four composite groups of age and gcs will ensure an equal distribution of the patients within each stratum.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid haemorrhage, intracranial haematoma * sedated for at least 48 hours after admission * equipment measuring partial brain tissue oxygenation and intracranial pressure * understands spoken and written danish exclusion criteria: * unstable spinal cord injury * unstable injury in the lower extremities prohibiting mobilisation * no consent from nearest relative

Keywords: acquired brain injury early mobilisation cerebral oxygenation
health related quality of life and cognitive function among norwegian dialysis patients

Conditions: Chronic Kidney Failure; Renal Dialysis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess health related quality of life and its predictors among chronic dialysis patients and to assess cognitive function using 3 different tests. (undergraduate medical student research project; not published)


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * chronic kidney failure * active dialysis treatment * aged over 18 years * able to read and answer the quality of life questionaire exclusion criteria: -
role of microbiome as a biomarkers in locoregionally-advanced oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Conditions: Locoregionally-advanced Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Summary: this is a minimal risk feasibility study involving the analysis of patient samples and does not involve any therapeutic intervention. the study will involve a prospective cohort of up to 60 patients diagnosed with locoregionally-advanced oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (la-opscc) treated with chemoradiotherapy (crt) at princess margaret cancer centre.

to assess the feasibility of microbiome evaluation in la-opscc patients undergoing crt using samples collected by four different methods: saliva, oropharyngeal swab over the tumor site (op), stool, and rectal swab (optional). this study is investigating the role of oral microbiota as a biomarker in la-opscc. this is a minimal risk study involving the analysis of patient samples and does not involve therapeutic intervention. this protocol does not determine eligibility to receive treatment with concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy. it is anticipated that patient accrual will be completed within 12 months. the study will involve a prospective cohort of up to 60 patients diagnosed with la opscc treated with crt at princess margaret cancer center.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. signed written and voluntary informed consent. 2. patient must be willing and able to provide collection for saliva, op swab and stool specimen analyses at 2 time points. rectal swab is optional. 3. age \> 18 years, male or female. 4. patient must be diagnosed with histologically confirmed squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (soft palate, tonsils, base of tongue). 5. patients must be eligible for curative-intent concurrent treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. exclusion criteria: - any condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would interfere with patient safety, or evaluation of the collected specimen and interpretation of study result.
dahanca 25b: progressive resistance training as intervention for regaining muscle mass after radiation therapy in patients with hnscc

Conditions: Head and Neck Cancer

Summary: head and neck cancer patients often experience a critical weight loss of around 10% following radiation therapy. of this up to 70% is muscle mass and is an independent predictor of mortality, lowers muscle strength and functional performance. the purpose of this study is in a randomized controlled trial to investigate the effects of progressive resistance training (pret) on changes in muscle mass, muscle strength and functional performance in head and neck cancer survivors. the investigators hypothesize that pret has a positive effect on all primary endpoints and increases muscle mass, muscle strength and functional performance.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * histologically diagnosed with squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx (no glottis stage i+ii), pharynx, oral cavity or in lymph nodes from an unknown primary tumour (stage i-iv and tumour node metastasis (tnm) classification, uicc, geneva, 1987) * terminated curative radiotherapy treatment with/without chemotherapy; * no metastases * complete tumour remission * no current or previous malignancies that could prevent participation and training * no excessive alcohol intake (men \> 21 and women \> 14 units/wk) * no recent systematic resistance training or creatine ingestion (within 2 months) * if woman, not pregnant * who performance status of 0-1 * no psychological, social or geographical conditions that could disturb participation * written consent
huperzine-a to help with mental problems and the inability to care for onself in patients with schizophrenia

Conditions: Schizophrenia; Dementia

Summary: use huperzine-a, a herbal supplement normally used for treatment of alzheimer's disease, to potentially improve cognitive dysfunction (memory problems) and functional capacity (ability to perform common daily tasks such as cooking, bathing, telephone, shopping) in people with schizophrenia.

hupa, an alkaloid initially identified from the chinese herbal medicine huperia serrata, is a potent reversible acetyl cholinesterase (ache) inhibitor with additional unique properties including nmda-receptor antagonist properties, neuroprotective and antioxidant effects. in animal studies, hupa was shown to possess greater inhibitory, longer-lasting, and more selective effects on ache activity than donepezil. in clinical studies hupa improved memory, mood, and activities of daily living in patients with alzheimer's dementia. adverse effects have been reported at a very low rate in all the clinical trials, and are mainly cholinergic, such as dizziness, nausea, gastrointestinal symptoms, headaches and depressed heart rate. thus, hupa is an attractive option which may have beneficial effects not only on cognitive but also functional domains of schizophrenia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age 19-59 2. diagnosis of schizophrenia by mini 3. cognition score 1 standard deviation below published norms in controls 4. clinically stable for 12 weeks i.e. on the same antipsychotic(s) for 8 weeks and stable dose for at least 4 weeks 5. have no more than moderate severity rating on hallucinations, delusions formal thought disorder (bprs), negative symptoms (panss_n) 6. minimal eps (simpson-angus \<6) 7. minimal depression (calgary \<10) 8. stable dose of other psychotropics (2 months) 9. not pregnant. exclusion criteria: 1. history of active peptic ulcer disease within 1 year of screening 2. clinically significant cardiac arrhythmia 3. resting pulse less than 50 4. active cancer (skin tumors other than melanoma are not excluded) 5. history of clinically significant stroke 6. current evidence or history in the past 2 years of epilepsy, focal brain lesion 7. start of cholinesterase inhibitors/ cognitive enhancers (galantamine, rivastigmine, donepezil, vitamin e and memantine) within 2 months of screening, 8. use of medications with significant central nervous system anticholinergic activity within 2 months of screening.

Keywords: schizophrenia cognitive disorders dementia huperzine a hupa
changes in the blood-brain barrier during maintenance ect in formerly depressed patients

Conditions: Depression

Summary: the aim of the study is to examine the effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ect) on the blood-brain barrier (bbb) in patients who had suffered from depression. we will study the bbb with dynamic contrast enhanced (dce) mri before and after treatment with a single ect in patients currently undergoing ect. the study is an observational (naturalistic) longitudinal study.

primary hypothesis 1. the bbb permeability to gadovist (measured as ki) temporarily increases in the right and left hippocampus (hc) after a single ect. secondary hypothesises 2. the volume of the right and left hc increases after a single ect and the volume increase is positively correlated with the bbb permeability 3. a larger post-ect increase in systolic blood pressure correlates with a larger increase in bbb permeability in the right and left hc. 4. a larger increase in serum s100-b compared to baseline values is correlated with increased bbb permeability in the right and left hc.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - we will include patients (age 18-75) currently treated with a series of ect or maintenance ect referred to the treatment due to moderate to severe depression according to icd-10. exclusion criteria: 1. schizophrenia 2. psychotic symptoms 3. any substance use (other than cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption within the recommendations of the danish national health authority) within the last 3 months 4. risk of suicide making transport or participation in the study hazardous 5. claustrophobia or severe restlessness 6. contraindications to dce-mri (e.g., metallic implants, increased body temperature, reduced kidney function (estimated global filtration rate (egfr) of \<40 ml/min/1.73 m2), pregnancy) 7. somatic illness potentially confounding results (e.g., any central nervous system diseases or cancers) 8. lack of consent to being informed of potential medically important findings on mri or blood tests
allergy testing of patients labeled as penicillin allergic

Conditions: Drug Hypersensitivity

Summary: patients labeled as penicillin allergic, rarely have this confirmed and being labeled as "penicillin allergic" is associated with increased health care costs, adverse effects and antibiotic resistance. the investigators will recruit participants from primary care practices labeled as penicillin allergic and offer allergy testing. the aim of this study is to develop a community, outpatient program for evaluation of penicillin allergy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. labeled as having penicillin or amoxicillin allergy 2. family history of penicillin allergy exclusion criteria: 1. history of beta-lactam associated toxic epidermal necrolysis/stevens johnson syndrome to penicillin or amoxicillin 2. history of drug induced eosinophilia with systemic symptoms (dress) 3. history of drug induced: autoimmune hepatitis/interstitial nephritis, or hemolytic anemia 4. poorly controlled asthma or heart disease 5. currently pregnant 6. unable to discontinue certain medications that may interfere with testing including (antihistamines, steroids, beta-blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, omalizumab)
move and moderate in balance

Conditions: Overweight; Obesity; Sedentary

Summary: h1: the increase in body mass index between baseline and two year follow-up among intervention worksites will be lower than that among control worksites, such that the differential change will be negative on average.

our overall objective is to develop and evaluate an intervention that will maintain or decrease body mass index; specifically, we will recruit and randomize 30 worksites to a two year intervention in which we will: * influence the worksite environment, including policies and procedures, by increasing worksite access to healthy foods and physical activity opportunities * promote individual behavior change, through increasing awareness of energy balance; building a physical activity intervention that will promote increased levels of energy expenditure through the combination of increased daily physical activity and regular, structured exercise; and building a dietary intervention that will promote decreased calorie intake. our primary aim is to: 1) evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention in reducing or maintaining body mass index in a randomized controlled trial of worksites. our secondary aims are to: 1. assess changes in worksite environment in access to healthy foods and physical activity opportunities attributable to the intervention 2. assess changes in individual level physical activity and energy intake attributable to the intervention 3. assess the changes in sequalae of weight loss including biomarkers of metabolic effects, and weight loss quality of life and symptom measures; and 4. estimate the cost-effectiveness of the intervention in controlling weight.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * employees of the enrolled worksite who are 18 years or older and work at the company at least 50% fte (20 hrs per week) exclusion criteria: * any employees of the enrolled worksite who are interns or seasonal workers or employees who work less than 50% fte (20 hrs per week)

Keywords: energy obesity energy balance physical activity dietary intake overweight sedentary worksite body mass index weight maintenance