level up! (the combined and independent effects of exercise training and dietary enhancement on cardiometabolic health in adolescents with obesity)

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to learn how exercise and diet quality affect the health of adolescents with obesity. the main questions it aims to answer are: * does exercise improve cardiometabolic health in adolescents with obesity? * does enriching the diet with fruits and vegetables (fv) improve cardiometabolic health in adolescents with obesity? * do exercise and fv diet together provide greater health benefits than either alone in adolescents with obesity? researchers will compare four groups to see how exercise and diet impact health: * standard care group: receives the usual care for obesity. * exercise group: receives weekly exercise coaching and participates in a 12-week exercise program. * diet group: receives weekly dietary coaching and eats a diet enriched with fruits and vegetables for 12 weeks. * combined exercise and diet group: receives both exercise and dietary programs, namely weekly exercise and dietary coaching, participation in a 12-week exercise program, and daily consumption of fruits and vegetables for 12 weeks. during the 12-week study, participants will attend three study visits to: * provide blood, stool, and urine samples. * answer questions about health, sleep, diet, and physical activity. * undergo body scans to measure fat, lean, and bone mass. * complete blood vessel function and liver fat content assessments. * assess resting exergy expenditure. * complete fitness tests. * wear a fitness tracker to monitor physical activity and sleep patterns.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female aged 13 to 17 years. * newly enrolled in a weight management program. * excessive weight: class i obesity i (≥95% percentile to \< 120% of the 95th percentile), class ii obesity (≥120 to \<140% of the 95th percentile, or bmi ≥35 to \< 40 g/m2). * less than 60 min/day of moderate to vigorous physical activity. * fruit intake ≤ 1.5 cup equivalent per day. * vegetable intake ≤ 1.5 cup equivalent per day. * medical release. exclusion criteria: * type 2 diabetes mellitus. * asthma that requires daily use of inhalers to keep symptoms under control. * asthma that requires the use of rescue inhalers (e.g., albuterol) \>2 days per week * exercise-induced asthma. * autism spectrum disorder (e.g., autistic disorder, rett disorder, asperger disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (pdd-nos). * epilepsy. * cancer. * chronic kidney disease. * hormonal disease (e.g., hypothyroidism and growth hormone deficiency). * autoimmune diseases (e.g., lupus, thyroiditis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis). * bleeding disorders (e.g., hemophilia). * chronic infections (e.g., hiv, hepatitis b, hepatitis c). * other pre-existing medical conditions or medications as determined by the investigators to affect the outcomes of interest. * pregnancy. * dislike of \> 1 study product assessed at the initial visit. * parent/child refusal to have blood drawn. * refusal to authorize study investigators to access data from the clinical records.

Keywords: exercise obesity diet cardiometabolic