Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
a controlled trial on recreational runners with patellofemoral pain

Conditions: Patellofemoral Pain (PFPS)

Summary: from a rehabilitation point of view, while several approaches exist to retrain runners with pfps, it is not clear which one is most effective, or why. the goals of this randomised-controlled trial are: 1) to compare the effectiveness of three rehabilitation programs on pain and functional limitations of runners with pfps and 2) to explain why the programs are effective or not based on laboratory analyses. after baseline evaluation, runners will be randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups, each with a specific 8-week rehabilitation program aimed at addressing the efficiency of a specific type of retraining. these groups are: 1) control; 2) muscle recruitment; 3) reducing knee loading during running. the investigators hypothesis is that the intervention targeting a reduction in knee loading will be significantly more effective in reducing symptoms and improving function of runners with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

hypothesis will be tested using symptoms and functional status questionnaires. in addition, mechanistic analyses will be conducted using a running assessment using an instrumented treadmill and kinematics analyses.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * running mileage at least 15km * symptoms since at least 3 months * pain level at least 3/10 during running and 3 activities among: kneeling, squatting, stairs and resisted knee extension * score lower than 85/100 on the kos-adls exclusion criteria: * history of knee surgery or patellar dislocation * pain believed to originate either from meniscus or from patellar tendon * pain following an acute trauma * concurrent lower limb injuries * history of neurological, inflammatory, rheumatoid disease
using large-area low-level light therapy for treating adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder

Conditions: Adhesive Capsulitis of Shoulder

Summary: adhesive capsulitis, is a common problem characterized by the insidious onset of glenohumeral pain and limitation of shoulder motion in all planes. clinically, frozen shoulder could be divided into freezing, frozen and thawing stage. the treatments of frozen shoulder are mainly conservative, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications and physiotherapy. due to debilitating pain at a certain stage and protracted clinical course, intra-articular corticosteroid injection in the early stages of idiopathic adhesive capsulitis has long been used to treat adhesive capsulitis with satisfactory result. however, intra-articular steroid injection still raise some controversy and is still considered too invasive for some patients. low-level laser therapy (lllt) is a safe and non-invasive alternative. lllt can employ photo-biomodulation effects to help normalize cellular functions and is considered to have partial effect in many shoulder soft tissue disorders. possible mechanisms include increasing adenosine triphosphate production, fibroblast activity and collagen synthesis. one prospective cohort study has shown that lllt can be effective in the management of the early phase (less than 6 weeks of disease onset) of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder in elderly who failed to respond to conventional physical therapy and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications and improvement was found maintained up to 2 years. to this date, no randomized controlled study has been made to establish the possible role of lllt as an adjuvant therapy on adhesive capsulitis. also, no study has researched the effect of lllt on patient with later stage/chronic phase of adhesive capsulitis. the objective of this paper is to report the clinical result of a study on the efficacy of lllt as an add-on therapy in the management of adhesive capsulitis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 40 to 85 years old * diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis clinically. painful restriction of both active and passive flexion less than 120° and 50% restriction of the external rotation aside the body * visual analog scale of shoulder motion pain greater than 3 on a scale of 10 * no fracture, dislocation, or arthritis in shoulder region exclusion criteria: * history of or scheduled shoulder or chest surgery * significant shoulder trauma within the previous 2 years * presence of cervical radiculopathy or other central or peripheral neurologic deficits of the upper limb * known shoulder tendon tear or active tendinitis or bursitis as confirmed with us * contraindication of low-level light therapy 1. pregnancy, cancer, patient with pacemaker, high bleeding tendency, or longterm corticosteroid use. 2. poor consciousness state, or patients with sensory impairment 3. patients hypersensitive to light 4. severe circulatory system disorder

Keywords: adhesive capsulitis low-level laser therapy
mcneel eye center corneal crosslinking study

Conditions: Keratoconus

Summary: this study will investigate the effectiveness in treating keratoconus, pellucid marginal degeneration and post lasik iatrogenic ectasia utilizing fluence rates and treatment times of corneal cross linking other than the original fda approved protocol of 3mw/cm2.

patient recruitment will include a patient population of 100 individuals from 15 years to 50 years old with established keratoconus, pellucid marginal degeneration or post-lasik ectasia determined by keratography. a solution of transepithelial riboflavin .25% will be applied every three minutes for 30 minutes or until complete corneal penetration is observed. then the cornea will be irradiated with uv light at fluence rates of 9mw/cm2 for 10 minutes or 18 mw/cm2 for 5 minutes. post procedural evaluation will take place at day one, day 7 day 30, day 90, day 180 and day 365. pretreatment keratography, uncorrected acuity, best corrected acuity will be compared at follow up days beginning on day 30.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males or females between the ages of 15 and 50 with keratoconus diagnosed topographically with or without other corneal ectatic disease. exclusion criteria: * prior corneal transplantation, pregnancy, inability or unwillingness to adhere to follow up protocol.
mechanisms of semaglutide therapy in heart failure patients

Conditions: Heart Failure; Obesity

Summary: semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (glp-1) receptor agonist, primarily used for treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus. glp-1 receptors are present on pancreatic islet β-cells, δ-cells and α-cells. their stimulation increases insulin and somatostatin secretion, and decreases glucagon secretion. in addition, glp-1 receptor agonists appear to have multiple extrapancreatic actions, which remain poorly defined. in large clinical trials, semaglutide improved the outcomes in obese patients, patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, and decreased the heart failure hospitalizations in patients with type 2 diabetes. the aim of the present study is to investigate the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial clinical effects of semaglutide in the setting of chronic heart failure.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age: 20-80 years * presence of heart failure * body-mass index 27 kg/m2 or greater * stable optimally tolerated dosages of heart failure therapies for 3 months * n-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide levels \>350 pg/ml exclusion criteria: * presence of type 1 or type 2 diabetes or glycated haemoglobin higher than 6.5% * pregnancy or potential to become pregnant * cancer * liver dysfunction (aspartate aminotransferase and/or alanine aminotransferase \> 3 times upper limits of normal or total bilirubin greater than 1.5 times upper limits of normal) * renal dysfunction (estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 25 ml/min/1.73 m2) * hospitalization in the past 3 months for reasons other than heart failure * new york heart association (nyha) functional class i or functional class iv symptoms. * prior or planned bariatric surgery * self-reported change in body weight \>11 lbs (5 kg) within 3 months before enrollment * acute or chronic infection
six-minute walk test comparing helium/oxygen to nitrogen/oxygen for copd rehabilitation

Conditions: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate effects of inspired gas mixtures on the distance walked by patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) during a six-minute walk test.

the purpose of this study is to evaluate the distance walked by patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) during a six-minute walk test (6mwt) while breathing helium/oxygen 65%/35% compared to either breathing nitrogen/oxygen 65%/35% or receiving non-invasive ventilation (niv) with a fio2 of 0.35 and to evaluate exercise related symptoms

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female aged \>= 45 and \<= 75 years old * patient with documented clinical diagnosis of stage iii/iv copd * patient with stable copd defined by no significant increase in copd medication, no treatment for copd in an emergency, no acute intensive care setting and no intake of antibiotics in the four weeks prior to selection exclusion criteria: * inability or contra-indication to perform pulmonary function tests * inability or contra-indication to perform the 6mwt with a trolley * any contra-indication to receive niv * obese patient having a body mass index (bmi) \> 35 * pregnant or lactating woman * female or chil-bearing potential with lack of efficient contraception

Keywords: six-minute walk test
compare two dosing algorithms in insulin-naive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: this randomized, multicenter, open-label, active-comparator, 2-arm, parallel-group, 6 month study with approximately 360 patients will compare the efficacy of two treatment regimens (algorithm a versus algorithm b) in insulin-naive patients with type 2 diabetes not optimally controlled by one or more oral antihyperglycemic medications. patients will be assigned randomly to receive one of the following treatment groups: algorithm a is defined as a simplified diabetes management regimen starting with a fixed dose of hiip (also known as air® inhaled insulin)(air® is a registered trademark of alkermes,inc.), titrating 2 times per week based on 2 times per week 4 point blood glucose values for the first month and titrating 1 time per week based on once weekly 4-point blood glucose values for the remainder of the study, increasing total daily dose by a maximum of 6 u per day. algorithm b is defined as an intensive diabetes management regimen, starting with an adjusted dose of air® inhaled insulin, titrating 2 times per week based on daily 4 point blood glucose values, with sustained monitoring of dose and blood glucose throughout the study, increasing total daily dose by a maximum of 8 u per day.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * type 2 diabetes mellitus for at least 6 months * have a hba1c greater than 7.0% and less than or equal to 10.5% at screening. * patients who have been treated with the following regimen: one or more oral antihyperglycemic medications on a stable dose for at least 6 weeks (12 weeks for thiazolidinediones \[tzds\]), and have been on insulin for 14 days or less throughout life and have not taken insulin within 6 months, and are candidates for insulin therapy, in the opinion of the investigator. exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * smoker * history of more than two episodes of severe hypoglycemia during the 6 months prior to study entry * diagnosed with pneumonia in the 3 months prior to screening * patients who have received systemic glucocorticoid therapy within 3 months prior to study entry * history of renal transplantation * history of lung transplantation * active or untreated malignancy * treated with incretin mimetics
evaluate the therapeutic effect of inhaled corticosteroid in asthmatic children

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: inhaled corticosteroid (ics) is considered the first line medication for asthma, however, the therapeutic effect is markedly different even in patients with almost similar clinical manifestations. our study was designed to explore the clinical and genetic factors that may influence the effectiveness of ics in asthmatic children.

the three major common classes of asthma controller medications include inhaled corticosteroids (ics), beta-2-agonists and leukotriene antagonists. among them, ics was now suggested as the first-line therapy demonstrated in global initiative for asthma guideline updated in 2017. the response to asthma medication is markedly different even in patients with almost similar clinical manifestations. despite the wide availability of therapeutic asthma medications and large studies supporting their efficacy, there is significant inter-personal variability in the response to each of the three major classes of asthma medications with a subgroup of patients that have limited disease control, persistent symptoms and exacerbations even under controller medications use. for example, inter-individual variability in therapeutic effectiveness to ics in both asthma children and adults is significant, with 22 to 60% of patients being classified as non-responders. although many factors can contribute to variation in response to therapy effectiveness, such as higher exhaled nitric oxide, higher total eosinophil counts, higher immunoglobulin e, lower forced expiratory volume at one second (fev1) predicted. and lower concentration of methacholine needed to produce a 20% fall in fev1 from baseline (pc20), it is still believed that genetic variability can also play an important role. hence asthma represents a major burden with respect to mortality, morbidity and national health insurance costs, searching for appropriate mediations for asthma control is imperative and investigating the effect of genetic variability on therapy response is an important step to develop personalized prescription.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed by asthma specialists, the age of onset was under 10 years old exclusion criteria: * children with cancer, major immunological diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) or henoch-schonlein purpura (hsp), rare hereditary diseases, or under severe infection. * children who received ics or oral steroid in recent 4 weeks

Keywords: asthma inhaled corticosteroid pharmacogenomics therapeutic effect
epidemiology of neurological complications to nitrous oxide poisoning

Conditions: Neurology Department

Summary: n2o inactivates vitamin b12, impairing its ability to act as a cofactor of methionine synthase. in addition, the elimination of vitamin b12 is increased. neurological damage is similar to that described in combined sclerosis of the marrow, and are probably related to induce vitamin b12 deficiency. the use of n2o can then precipitate the rapid appearance of signs (neurological, psychiatric and hematological) related to a true and/ or functional vitamin b12 deficiency. in 1978, rb layzer described the first 3 cases of peripheral neuropathy secondary to nitrous oxide (n2o) consumption. in 2016, a team collected the 91 published cases: among these, 72 had neurological complications, and 52 had a concentration of vitamin b12 considered "low" or "normal-low" since then, consumption patterns seem changed due to: an increasing ease of access, the change of container (packaging in cartridge 8 grams versus bottle of 600 grams) and a usually occasional and festive consumption that seems to become solitary and regular, this change in consumption patterns is explained by an increased incidence of neurological complications, although no epidemiological work is yet available. the objective of this work is to describe the epidemiology of this condition, to correlate it with major recent social phenomena (confinement related to the sars-cov2 pandemic), and finally to compare the incidence of myelopathies secondary to n2o with the incidence of other frequent inflammatory neurological diseases (autoimmune myelitis and guillain-barré syndrome).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patient (≥16 years) * hospitalized or having consulted with the departments of neurology or internal medicine for neurological phenomena related to the consumption of n2o. the neurological phenomena included are usually: neuropathies or myelopathies, however, the existence of other neurological or psychiatric signs is not a factor of exclusion: for example, headaches or cognitive or psychiatric disorders with acute onset. * exposure to n2o for recreational or medical reasons (meopa anesthesia). * lack of alternative diagnosis other than n2o poisoning * consultation for neurological disorders between 01/01/2018 and 31/12/2021 exclusion criteria: * minor subjects or subjects subject to a legal protection measure (guardianship, curators) during the consultation. * refusal to include in a study explained in the file * absence of n2o consumption during the 6 months preceding the appearance of signs

Keywords: nitrous oxide poisoning
usda behavior, motivation & nutrition study

Conditions: Body Weight

Summary: this study will be a cross-sectional study. the primary aim of this study is to compare the relationship between neurological function, metabolic measures and health-related behaviors between normal weight and overweight/obese perimenopausal women.

to examine physiological and behavioral factors that may help determine health in perimenopausal middle age women. neuroendocrine function will be measured by broad assessment of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) activity. we will also assess metabolic profiles and behavioral and emotional function. we plan to determine correlations between these measures and nutritional state. other measures may include insulin, glucose, leptin, igf-1, triglycerides, free fatty acids, and ghrelin and eating attitudes and physical reactivity.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * body mass index 18-39.9 kg/m2 * peri-menopausal status by self-report exclusion criteria: * pregnant * plan to become pregnant * breastfeeding in the last 6 months * multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, parkinson's disease * menopause confirmed * unable to refrain from smoking for five hours (self-report) * unable to refrain from consuming alcohol for two days (self-report) * weight change \> 10 lbs in the preceding 6 months * chronic corticosteroid use * oral corticosteroids used more than twice in the last 12 months * hormonal contraceptives * antipsychotic, anti-anxiety and anti-depressant medications * beta adrenergic blockers * sibutramine, orlistat, phentermine, phendimetrazine, topiramate, zonisamide * immunosuppressants * amphetamines and other stimulants * severe food allergies or intolerances to foods * insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
effect of acarbose on postprandial lipoprotein levels in glucose intolerant patients

Conditions: Glucose Intolerance; Postprandial Hyperglycemia; Cardiovascular Risk Factor

Summary: is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine the behavior of hyperglycemia and postprandial lipemia after a standard mixed meal load in patients with carbohydrate intolerance treated with acarbose.

to gather our patients, we invite the relatives of diabetic patients seen at the endocrinology consultation to participate in the study. * patients are placed into an isocaloric diet for 4 weeks before the study and are advised not to change their baseline physical activity. * patients are randomized to receive acarbose or placebo for 3 months blinded to investigators and patients. * acarbose dose is progressively titrated (50 mg/day per week up to 150 mg/day) to reduce the known adverse effects of acarbose such as flatulence, bloating, diarrhea, abdominal pain. * in each subject, a 5-hr-postprandial mixed meal test is performed at baseline and after assigned treatment was completed. glucose, insulin, triglycerides and total cholesterol were measured at 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 minutes after the mixed meal load. apo b was measured by nephelometry and oxldl using a monoclonal antibody 4e6 based competition (elisa assay, mercodia) at 0 and 300 minutes. * the standard mixed meal load, a 470 kcal breakfast, (47.76% carbohydrate, 22.66% proteins, 29.58% fat), consisted of: 1 sandwich (prepared with 50 g of savory´s™ turkey breast ham, 30 g of savory´s™ panela cheese, 2 tablespoons of hellmann's™ mayonnaise and 2 slices of bimbo´s™ white bread), 100 g of red delicioustm apple and 250 ml of alpura´s™ lactose-free, light milk. * during the 3-month treatment, patients have 3 follow-up monthly consultations to evaluate weight gain and treatment compliance.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * recent diagnosis of carbohydrate intolerance according to the who criteria, without any treatment. exclusion criteria: * patients with bmi \>32 kg/m2, triglycerides and/or total cholesterol \> 300 mg/dl, known renal, liver or gastrointestinal disease and positive smoking.

Keywords: acarbose postprandial lipemia cardiovascular risk
40 week trial to study the safety of asenapine when added to lithium or valproate in the treatment of bipolar disorder (a7501009)(p05786)

Conditions: Bipolar Disorder

Summary: the primary objective of this trial was to characterize the long-term (up to 40 weeks) safety and tolerability of asenapine in bipolar i disorder subjects who had not completely responded to continuing treatment with lithium or valproic acid (vpa) for the treatment of an acute manic or mixed episodes upon enrollment into the 12-week lead-in trial, a7501008 (nct00145470). the safety comparison was between the group receiving lithium or vpa and placebo against the group receiving lithium or vpa and asenapine, with the caveat that all subjects may have received benzodiazepine and/or antidepressant rescue medication as needed.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * have bipolar i disorder (current episode manic or mixed), be treated with lithium or valproic acid, and have completed the a 12-week lead-in trial exclusion criteria: * have an unstable medical condition or clinically significant laboratory abnormality. * have a primary diagnosis other than bipolar i disorder.
a study of overall survival in participants with metastatic colorectal cancer (mcrc)

Conditions: Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC)

Summary: the purpose of this study is to estimate the overall survival (os) for us participants diagnosed with metastatic colorectal cancer (mcrc) by using flatiron health's individual patient level data.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * metastatic colorectal cancer (crc) participants in the flatiron database as defined by: * diagnosed with crc (icd-9 153.x or 154.x or icd-10 c18x, or c19x, or c20x, or c21x) * pathology consistent with crc * at least two documented clinical visits on or after january 1, 2013 * evidence of stage iv or recurrent metastatic crc diagnosed on or after january 1, 2013 * participants with high levels of microsatellite instability (msi-h) and/or mismatch repair (mmr) protein deficiency (dmmr) * participants who received 2l therapy of interest on or after the initial mcrc diagnosis date * participants who had at least 1 month medical data during the prior to and post periods; however, participants who died within 1 month after the index date will not be excluded from the study exclusion criteria: * participants \<18 years of age at index date * participants who received clinical trial drug during the prior or post periods

Keywords: mcrc checkmate-142 nivolumab