Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
encouraging cognitive screenings at african american churches

Conditions: Dementia; Healthy

Summary: this pilot study plans to examine feasibility and outcomes of a culturally/religiously-tailored church-based dementia screening intervention among older adult african american church members and community members who use church outreach services in 4 african american churches.

the primary aim of this study is to conduct an exploratory pilot study to examine feasibility and outcomes of a culturally/religiously-tailored church-based dementia screening intervention among older adult african american church members and community members who use church outreach services in 4 african american churches (n=100). our secondary outcomes are to assess the impact of the intervention on dementia-related stigma and linkage to care. intervention content is based on the theory of planned behavior; intervention delivery is based on the social-ecological model - both guided by a faith community engagement approach. trained faith leaders will deliver the tailored intervention through multilevel church outlets: individual self-help resources (e.g., risk checklist, commitment to screening cards); group ministry discussion guides/seminar on dementia; church-wide services using sermon guides, responsive readings, and church bulletin inserts; and church-community level text messages, dementia screening, and linkage to care services. two screening events will be held at each church. we will also conduct a process evaluation that will include post-test study focus groups. specific aim 1. test a religiously/culturally-tailored, church-based dementia screening intervention on receipt of dementia screening, stigma, and linkage to care use among an older adult african american church-populations at 4 months. hypothesis. the tailored church-based dementia screening intervention will evidence increased screening and linkage to care rates, and lower dementia-related stigma beliefs at 4 months. specific aim 2. evaluate predictors of receipt of dementia screening at 4 months among older adult african american church-populations to determine modifiable screening facilitators/barriers. specific aim 3. conduct a process evaluation to examine study intervention implementation facilitators, barriers, and dose along with exposure and satisfaction to identify essential intervention components.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age ≥55 2. regular church member (attending church \> monthly) or community member receiving church outreach services (\>3 times annually) 3. willing to participate in two surveys (baseline and 4 months) 4. willing to provide contact information for at least 2 other persons 5. residing in the kansas city metropolitan area 6. provide a working contact email address or number exclusion criteria: * none
longitudinal virtual reality use in pediatric surgical procedures

Conditions: Anxiety; Pain; Pain, Postoperative

Summary: this study aims to investigate the use of virtual reality guided mindfulness meditation to reduce the pre and post-operative anxiety and pain of pediatric surgical patients.

pre-procedural anxiety in pediatric patients has been previously shown to increase the likelihood of family stressors, agitation, sleep disturbances, and negative behavioral changes. post-procedural pain has been shown to negatively impact future interactions with healthcare personnel. the purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of using guided mindfulness meditation through a non-invasive device (virtual reality headset) to manage pre-procedure anxiety and post-procedure anxiety and pain.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * have parental consent if under 18 or 18 and older but unable to provide own consent * can comprehend instructions in english language * is undergoing surgical procedure requiring general anesthesia at lucile packard children's hospital * children that are normally healthy (asa i) or have a mild systemic disease (asa ii, iii) exclusion criteria: * children with significant cognitive impairment or developmental delays per parental report or h\&p * children with asa iv (severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life) or asa v (unstable patients not expected to survive \>24hours or without operation) * children currently taking psychotropic mediations will be excluded from this study due to the affect emotion modulation * children with history of seizures related to photosensitivity.

Keywords: virtual reality meditation mindfulness meditation guided mindfulness meditation anxiety pain postoperative pain
effect of administration of combined enteral lactoferrin and probiotic on invasive fungal infections in preterm neonates

Conditions: Fungal Infection

Summary: the risk for invasive fungal infections is high in very low birth weight (vlbw) infants (\< 1500 g) and highest for infants born at the youngest gestational ages who survive past the immediate postnatal period. invasive fungal infections (ifis) represent an increasing cause of severe morbidity and mortality in most neonatal intensive care units. lactoferrin (lf) is secreted by epithelial cells into exocrine fluids: seminal fluid, tears, saliva, uterine secretions, and milk. lf is involved in innate immunity mechanisms with several documented anti-infective properties, including antifungal activity. probiotics are microorganisms that are believed to provide health benefits when consumed. it is possible to adopt measures to modify the flora in our bodies and to replace the harmful microbes by useful microbes. there are certain commercially available strains of probiotic bacteria from the bifido bacterium and lactobacillus genera when taken by mouth in daily doses possess treatment efficacy

bovine lf alone or in combination of probiotics (lactobacillus delbrueckii and lactobacillus fermentum) can be used in prevention of invasive fungal infection in preterm neonates admitted to the nicu. so, this randomized interventional study aimed at evaluation of the efficacy and safety of enterally administered bovine lf alone or in combination of probiotics (lactobacillus delbrueckii and lactobacillus fermentum) in comparison to placebo in preterm neonates, through studying blood culture for fungal infection at enrollment, day 7, 14, 21 and 28 using sabouraud agar for detecting candida species and hichrome agar to detect other fungal types ( primary outcome), and to compare length of hospital stay (los), use and duration of drug intake as antibiotics and inotropes, use and duration of mechanical ventilation, rate of increase of enteral feeding, time to reach full enteral intake, signs of feeding intolerance, complete blood count (cbc), c reactive protein (crp), packed red blood cell transfusion (prbcs) and mortality between the 3 groups as (secondary outcome).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 80 preterm * ≤ 36 weeks gestational age * \>/ = 72 hours of life exclusion criteria: 1. nothing per os 2. congenital anomalies. 3. suspected inborn error of metabolism. 4. prophylaxis antifungal drugs

Keywords: lactoferrin probiotic preterm
effectiveness of tdcs over broca's area in verb naming: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study

Conditions: Aphasia Non Fluent; Stroke

Summary: this clinical trial investigated whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs) over broca's area (f5) could improve verb naming abilities in adults with aphasia. additionally, the study evaluated the stability of the treatment response to tdcs over time. the main questions this study sought to answer were: * does tdcs improve verb naming abilities compared to inactive (sham) stimulation? * are the observed effects stable over time? participants received 10 daily sessions of tdcs over two consecutive weeks (5 days per week). the study included two treatment conditions, separated by one-month washout period: * active tdcs: stimulation over broca's area at 2 ma; * sham tdcs: stimulation mimicking the active condition without delivering electrical current. during the treatment, participants were asked to name aloud videos of actions displayed on a computer screen. one month after each treatment condition, follow-up testing was conducted to evaluate the stability of the treatment response.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * native italian proficiency; * pre-morbid right-handedness; * a single left hemispheric stroke at least 6 months before the investigation. exclusion criteria: * acute or chronic neurological symptoms requiring medication; * attention and/or memory deficits.

Keywords: transcranial direct current stimulation aphasia verb naming language rehabilitation speech therapy stroke
neural correlates of neurofeedback training

Conditions: Nicotine Dependence; Depression; PTSD

Summary: the objective of the present study is to identify brain networks in patients that contribute to successfully learning self-regulation with real-time fmri.

neurofeedback has been established as a promising non-pharmacological therapeutic approach. however, patients differ in their ability to learn control over their own brain activity with neurofeedback. it is thus crucial to understand the brain networks that mediate learned self-regulation with real-time fmri. the objective of the present study is thus to identify brain networks in patients that contribute to successfully learning self-regulation with real-time fmri. to achieve this goal, patients suffering from depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and nicotine addiction will be trained to improve their self-regulation skills using established real-time fmri neurofeedback protocols.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * magnetic resonance imaging compatibility. * dsm-v diagnosis of major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, or nicotine addiction, respectively. exclusion criteria: * other physical or psychiatric disorders. * current substance abuse. * exclusion criteria applicable to mri (metallic implants, claustrophobia, epilepsy).
predictive accuracy of initial stone burden evaluation.

Conditions: Urolithiasis; Ureterolithiasis; Nephrolithiasis

Summary: this study is intended to be a prospective registry of patients undergoing any kind of stone treatment that have a pre-operative ct available. this imaging will be used to measure the stone burden in three different ways: in a single dimension (cumulative stone diameter), in two dimensions (surface area) and in three dimensions (volume).the primary purpose is to identify what way of measuring stone burden is most predictive of outcomes after stone treatment such as stone free status, operative time and complications.

the current eau and aua guidelines still base the recommendations for stone treatment on cumulative stone diameter, a linear measurement of the stone burden. multiple nomograms rather use the stone burden's surface area to predict post-operative outcomes. more recently, volume has been prposed as the most accurate measure of stone burden and the variable to be reported in stone treatment literature. although inuitively a three dimensional evaluation is most likely the most accurate representation of the stone burden to be treated. several reports however have compared different ways of measuring stone burden and could not confidently identify volume as the most accurate predictor of surgical outcomes. with this study, we aim to prospectively collect data on a large group of patients that have a pre-operative ct scan available. this imaging will be used to assess the stone burden in different ways, linear, two dimensional and three dimensional. both procedural and post-operative data will be collected to identify which of the measurements is most accurate in predicting outcomes such as stone free status, operative time and complications such as bleeding. patients can be included regardless of the procedure that is proposed to treat the stone. after inclusion and after having undergone the procedure, at least one post-operative assessment is necessary to be able to evaluate the pre-operative variables against post-operative outcomes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * availability of computed tomography imaging * undergoing any of the previously described procedures: extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, uretero(reno)scopy or percutaneous nephrolithotomy * able to read and understand the information regarding the study and able to provide informed consent exclusion criteria: * under the stated age limit * no pre-operative computed tomography imaging available

Keywords: ureteroscopy extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy percutaneous nephrolithotomy stone burden non-contrast computed tomography
prospective recurrent pregnancy loss registry

Conditions: Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Summary: the purpose of this registry is to prospectively collect data of recurrent pregnancy loss (rpl) patients attending the specialized care centre at the bc women's hospital, in order to evaluate investigation practices, treatment options, and outcomes for this patient population over time.

the recurrent pregnancy loss program at the bc women's centre for reproductive health is the only tertiary care centre of its kind in british columbia, and has provided specialized and comprehensive care to rpl patients for the past 15 years. using a team-based collaborative model, the program provides point-of-care investigations, surgical treatment, clinical management, education, and grief counselling. all rpl patients are asked to complete the intake questionnaire prior to their initial visit at the clinic. if the patient provides their consent to take part in research, their data will be copied from the clinical database to the research database. the questionnaire includes information regarding patient demographics, obstetric history, gynecological history, personal and medical history, family history and partner information. additionally, data will also be collected from patient charts, follow-up questionnaires sent once a year for the next 5 years following the patient's initial visit, and medical records from fertility clinics and general practitioners when available. the online data registry is housed in the research electronic data capture (redcap) platform located at bc children's hospital (bcch). as an optional component of this study, patients invited to join the registry will also be presented with the option to register with the bcch biobank to store their tissue samples collected in the rpl clinic for clinical \& diagnostic purposes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: • patients seen at the bc women's recurrent pregnancy loss clinic with recurrent pregnancy loss, defined as ≥2 pregnancy losses before 20 weeks of gestation. exclusion criteria: • patients at bc women's recurrent pregnancy loss clinic seen for reasons other than recurrent pregnancy loss.

Keywords: recurrent pregnancy loss unexplained explained miscarriage live birth
anakinra in the management of covid-19 infection

Conditions: Covid19; Pneumonia; Cytokine Release Syndrome; Corona Virus Infection; Viral Infection

Summary: coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) was first isolated in wuhan, china in december 2019. it is rapidly spreading worldwide, posing a severe threat to global health. many therapeutics have been investigated for the treatment of this disease with inconclusive outcomes. anakinra - an interleukin (il)-1 receptor antagonist - had showed survival benefits in patients with macrophage activation syndrome (mas) and sepsis and was investigated for the use in covid-19 infection with promising outcomes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hospitalized adult (age ≥ 18yrs) * confirmed covid-19 diagnosis * presence of respiratory distress in addition to signs of cytokine release syndrome * radiological evidence of pneumonia * signed informed consent exclusion criteria: * known allergic reactions to the study medication or any component of the product. * active bacterial, viral, tb, fungal infectious diseases * received immunosuppressant or immunomodulatory in the past 30 days * neutrophil count \< 500 cells/microliter * platelets \< 50,000/microliter * pregnant or breastfeeding females
fibromyalgia: interventions for pain and mood regulation

Conditions: Fibromyalgia

Summary: this study compares the impact of cognitive-behavioral therapy for pain (cbt-p), mindful awareness and acceptance treatment (m), and arthritis education as an active control condition (e) on mental and physical health outcomes among adults with chronic pain due to fibromyalgia (fm).

both cognitive-behavioral and mindful-acceptance based treatments impact pain and disability in people with chronic pain conditions like fibromyalgia. however, these treatments target different mechanisms. the focus of cbt is on helping individuals manage their thoughts and behaviors related to pain. in contrast, the focus of m is on improving individuals' ability be aware of and accept their experiences, and to develop their positive emotional resources.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pain in at least 11 of 18 tenderpoints * able to participate in study assessments and group-based meetings * willing to be randomized to treatment condition exclusion criteria: * unable to understand written and spoken english * involved in pain-related litigation * currently involved in psychological treatment for pain and/or mood symptoms
self-compression mammography in clinical practice

Conditions: Mammography; Breast Cancer

Summary: every year millions of mammograms are performed worldwide, representing the primary examination for the early diagnosis of breast cancer. despite continuous advances in medicine and technology, an aspect of mammography has not changed in over fifty years: the breast is still compressed on the detector because this allows to reduce the thickness of the breast thus improving the quality of the diagnostic image and reducing the dose of radiation necessary to obtain a clear image. many women perceive as painful this compression, including women who have been treated for breast cancer. pain can discourage asymptomatic women to present themselves periodically to screening mammography, while an increasing number of women in follow-up after conservative surgery have to withstand the pain caused by mammography. some studies mention various factors that are responsible for pain when performing mammography: breast sensitivity, anxiety level, expected pain and staff attitude. some studies have also identified breast density, breast volume and menstrual phase as other influencing factors, although not all studies support these hypothesis. the technical characteristics of the equipment can greatly affect annoyance, sense of oppression, pain. the technological proposals to reduce the discomfort of the patients concern various items: flexible compressors, self-compression devices under the supervision of the technician who performs the positioning and the minimum initial compression, environmental factors such as equipment noise reduction, chromatic, sound and sensory effects (eg: aromatic diffusers). the aim of our study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the self-compression compared to the standard one, in reducing annoyance, a sense of oppression and pain, and to evaluate the difference of the average glandular dose given to the woman for each projection. self-compression may help reaching better compression tolerating the discomfort and pain induced thus allowing to achieve a lower thickness, a lower glandular dose and a better image.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women in follow-up after surgery * symptomatic women undergoing mammography * early diagnosis in asymptomatic women outside the organized screening program (these women are predominantly aged 40-44 / 75-85) * women with familiar risk exclusion criteria: * augmentation prostheses * women in screening with active invitation * physical impossibility to use the self-compression command * inability to provide consent

Keywords: pain and discomfort
prospective data collection of patients with diffuse parenchymal lung diseases

Conditions: Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Diseases

Summary: the purpose of this study is to generate a prospective database of all patients evaluated for diffuse parenchymal lung diseases to provide much needed data on the various disease aetiologies, incidence and prevalence rates, clinical and radiological presentations, pathologic correlations, disease progression and response to treatment, and final outcomes in this group of patients in singapore.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients 21 years old and older diagnosed with suspected diffuse parenchymal lung disease (multi-lobar pulmonary infiltrates) exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: diffuse parenchymal lung disease interstitial lung disease idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
intraoperative laser speckle contrast imaging of cerebral blood flow

Conditions: Aneurysm, AVM, Dural Arteriovenous Fistula, Glioma, Meningioma, Metastasis, Bypass

Summary: the purpose of the proposed study is to investigate the usefulness of laser speckle contrast imaging (lsci) compared to indocyanine green angiography (icga). we will collect data from a wide variety of neurovascular surgical procedures to determine when the technology is the most clinically useful. the intraoperative lsci system provides high resolution images of blood flow in real-time without tissue contact and without the need for an exogenous contrast agent. further study is needed to gain a better understanding of the use of the technique during surgery, but initial results suggest that the ability to identify blood flow changes with immediate feedback to the surgeon could be a significant advantage during many procedures.

cerebral blood flow (cbf) is of paramount importance to human brain function, as the brain relies on a continuous blood supply to meet its energy needs. blockage of a cerebral blood vessel during the course of surgery, even if transient and short-lived, may result in irreversible brain tissue damage (i.e. stroke) and loss of cortical function, if not identified quickly enough. during neurosurgery, vessel occlusion may occur either inadvertently or as a necessary part of the procedure, and yet current technologies do not adequately predict the consequences of such occlusion. real-time cbf visualization during surgery could help neurosurgeons better understand the consequences of vascular occlusion events during surgery, recognize potential adverse complications, and thus prompt timely intervention to reduce the risk of stroke. the current standard for visualizing cbf during surgery is indocyanine green angiography (icga), which involves administering a bolus of fluorescent dye intravenously and imaging the wash-in of the dye to determine which vessels are perfused. unfortunately, icga can only be used a few times during a surgery due to the need to inject a fluorescent dye, and provides only an instantaneous view of perfusion rather than a continuous view. patients will undergo standard craniotomy surgery. the surgical procedures will not be altered in any way by the proposed studies. as long as it is standard of care, neuromonitoring, intraoperative angiogram, and indocyanine green angiography will be performed by the surgeon. lsci imaging will be performed at the discretion of the surgeon following exposure of the cortex and will vary from patient to patient depending on the neurosurgical procedure. the lsci measurements will not add any time to the surgery nor affect the normal operation of the neurosurgical microscope.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. adults (18 years or older). 2. size of craniotomy at least 2 cm. 3. possibility of intraoperative icga. 4. able to render written informed consent. 5. women of child-bearing potential must have a negative pre-op pregnancy test. exclusion criteria: 1. patients unable to legally consent. 2. patients with impaired cognitive function.