Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
sleep and wellbeing study

Conditions: Sleep; Intrusive Memories; Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Summary: most people will experience a psychologically traumatic event, such as a life-threatening accident, at some point in their life. in the initial days after such an event, it is common to be haunted by intrusive memories: image-based memories of the event that spring to mind unbidden. intrusive memories can be distressing in their own right, but are also a hallmark symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd). sleep is important for many functions involved in how people perceive, respond to and remember events, including stressful/traumatic events. studies with patients who have experienced traumatic events indicate that sleep disturbances in the first weeks post-trauma are associated with later ptsd symptoms. however, in a previous study with healthy volunteers exposed to experimental trauma (film footage), those who were sleep-deprived in the first night, compared to those who slept, had fewer intrusive memories in the following week. this raises the question of how sleep in the first night, but also the first week, after real-life trauma is related to subsequent intrusive memories and ptsd symptoms. the current study is an observational study of patients recruited from a hospital emergency department after a traumatic event. after completing brief baseline questionnaires in the emergency department, participants will be asked to fill in a daily diary of their sleep and intrusive memories over the following week. post-traumatic stress symptoms, anxiety and depression will be assessed by post/online at one week and two months. participants will be telephoned after two months to complete an interview to assess ptsd symptoms and an optional feedback interview. this clinical study will be the first to assess the relationship between sleep in the first night and week, and intrusive memories and mental wellbeing after real-life trauma. findings may have implications for developing simple sleep-based preventive treatments after trauma in the future.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 18 or over * experienced or witnessed a traumatic event (i.e. one in which they were exposed to death, threatened death, actual or threatened serious injury, or actual or threatened sexual violence) * present to the emergency department on the same day as the traumatic event * report memory of the event * fluent in written and spoken english * alert and orientated, glasgow coma scale score (gcs) = 15 * willing and able to give informed consent and complete study procedures exclusion criteria: * loss of consciousness * current intoxication * history of severe mental illness * current substance abuse or neurological condition * currently suicidal
effects of hfmh-ems on ocular artery circulation

Conditions: Ocular Surface Disease; Central Retinal Artery Occlusion

Summary: investigated the effects of high-frequency multi-band harmonic electromagnetic stimulation on ophthalmic and central retinal artery circulation.

this study investigated the effects of prolonged smartphone usage for over 90 minutes on ophthalmic and central retinal artery circulation before and after smartphone use and compared the effects with versus without intervention by high-frequency multi-band harmonic electromagnetic stimulation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 20 to 65 years old exclusion criteria: * hypertension * diabetes * heart disease * eye-related diseases
lopinavir/ritonavir or efavirenz as first-line antiretroviral therapy

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: retrospective longitudinal cohort study with 36 hiv naïve-treatment patients, who started therapy with lopinavir/ritonavir or efavirenz (lpv/r or efz), follow-up of 36 months. primary endpoint: virological success (hiv rna \<50 copies/ml) in the first six months and at the end of the study.

background: either lpv/r or efz plus a two nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (nrtis) are recommended by the current guidelines all around the world as the main background drugs for initial therapy of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection. this indication is based in results of clinical trials, but patients who participate in these studies usually are greatly motivated to continue their prescribed regimen, and can be different from the "real life". therefore, clinical practice often cannot reproduce published results. methods: a retrospective longitudinal cohort study was performed with 36 naïve-treatment patients, who started therapy with lpv/r or efz, with follow-up of 36 months. the primary endpoint was virological success (hiv rna \<50 copies/ml) in the first six months and at the end of the study. effectiveness was examined comparing time to virological failure and cd4 recovery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hiv-1 infected naive-treatment patients exclusion criteria: * use of anti-retroviral agents in the past

Keywords: hiv antiretroviral therapy, highly active efavirenz lopinavir comparative effectiveness research treatment naive
association of epicardial adipose tissue volume axnd radiodensity with coronary artery calcification in patients with hfpef

Conditions: Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

Summary: recruiting patients who were diagnosed with hfpef. using non-contrast ct to measure the total agatston coronary artery calcification score, epicardial adipose tissue volume and attenuation. analysing the correlation between them.

the study enrolled patients who were diagnosed with hfpef and admitted to the cardiology department of the first affiliated hospital of chongqing medical university. using non-contrast ct to measure the total agatston coronary artery calcification score, epicardial adipose tissue volume and attenuation. finally, analysing the correlation between them.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * typical symptoms and signs of heart failure * left ventricular ejection fraction≥50% * hfa-peff score≥5 exclusion criteria: * severe myocarditis, malignant tumors, liver or renal insufficiency, severe valvular heart disease, and received a bypass surgery or other open-heart surgery
mucociliary clearance, airway inflammation and nasal symptoms in urban motorcycle-drivers

Conditions: Attitude to Health

Summary: professionals working in polluted areas may present increased airways symptoms and dysfunction. rhinopharyngeal retrograde clearance (rrc) has been used to improve mucus clearance in infants with bronchitis and bronchiolitis. flushing the nasal cavity with saline (s) has been used to reduce nasal inflammation in rhinitis and sinupathies. the aim of this study was to assess the effects of rrc and rrc plus s (rrc+s) on the airways in professional motorcyclists. twenty-four male motorcyclists (mean age 36 years) were randomly assigned to rrc or rrc+s. subjects were assessed at baseline and 15 days after interventions for airways assessments by saccharin test, mucus contact angle, cellularity in nasal lavage and airways symptoms with the use of snot-20 questionnaire. data were analyzed by nonparametric anova for repeated measures with bonferroni´s correction. a passive nitrogen dioxide monitoring system was used to assess the mean personal air pollution exposure along the study period (no2). the association between no2 and the airways outcomes was analyzed by spearman correlation test. at baseline, the two groups were similar in clinical, demographics and working aspects. from them, 100% had airways symptoms complaints and 33% had nasal mcc impairment. after treatments, both groups presented improvements in airways symptoms and nasal mcc. however, increased number of macrophages and ciliated cells were observed in nasal lavage of both groups. no associations between nitrogen dioxide and the outcome variables were detected. rhinopharyngeal retrograde clearance seems to be useful in the clinical management of the upper airways symptoms and dysfunction in adults.

the nonsmokers subjects aged 18 years to 45 years were enrolled in this study after agreement with the written informed consent. subjects were randomly assigned to 15-days of one of the following interventions: rrc and rrc+s. non pharmacological respiratory approaches may be useful in the management of the respiratory symptoms and dysfunctions air pollution-related. the purpose of this study was to determine whether saline instillation and/or retrograde rhinopharyngeal retrograde clearance are effective in the treatment of upper airways dysfunction through nasal mucociliary clearance, mucus properties, ph, cellularity and cytokines in nasal lavage and ph in exhaled breath condensate, as well as the airways symptoms (cough, wheeze, runny nose, hoarseness, among others) in motorcyclists due to urban air pollution.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * professional motorcyclists aged 18 years to 45 years * agreement with the written informed consent exclusion criteria: * inability to understand and to follow commands, * previous nasal surgery, * respiratory infection in the previous 30 days

Keywords: mucociliary clearance air pollution nasal lavage exhaled breath condensate inflammation
optimal protein supplementation and early exercise in mechanically ventilated patients

Conditions: Nutritional Deficiency; Cachexia

Summary: a pilot randomized controlled trial (rct) will be conducted where where mechanically ventilated patients will be randomized to optimal protein (achieve 80% protein supplementation adequacy with daily titration) versus standard protein feeding. both groups will receive standard usual early exercise therapy. specific aim 1: to determine if optimal protein supplementation improves functional outcome of patients as measured by functional status score (fss) on day 7. specific aim 2: to determine if optimal protein supplementation reduces muscle loss of patients at day 7 as measured by the rectus femoris thickness and cross-sectional area (rfcsa) using skeletal muscle ultrasound. specific aim 3: to determine difference in functional recovery between groups using quality of life (qol) scores and 6-minute walk distance at 3 months after hospital discharge. the hypothesis is protein inadequacy can be overcome with optimized protein supplementation to reduce muscle loss/sarcopenia and functional impairment in icu survivors.

this study will be a prospective pilot randomized controlled trial. collaboration will be between the national university hospital (medical, surgical and cardiothoracic icus), centre for healthy aging, national university health system (nuhs) and physical education \& sports science, national institute of education (nie). patients admitted into these icus will be screened and those meeting the inclusion criteria will be approached for consent. if the patient is unable to consent, his/her legally acceptable representatives will be approached. this approach is routinely done in icu studies. as with other icu studies, potential difficulties in consenting and recruiting patients will be expected. to overcome this, all adult icu patients at nuh will be included in the current study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age 21 years and above. 2. expected mechanical ventilation duration ≥ 48 hours. 3. expected to stay in hospital for ≥ 4 days. exclusion criteria: 1. pregnant woman. 2. amputation of either lower limbs. 3. surgery of lower limb during the current admission. 4. 4. any neurological/rheumatologic/orthopaedic/burn/trauma/physiological problem with feeding difficulties during 48h of intubation 5. wheelchair-bound, walking aids and adl-dependent. 6. patient not able to feed by 48 hours and not given parenteral feeding. 7. patients on continuous renal replacement therapy. 8. sepsis with poor prognosis. 9. competing trial 10. moribund within 48hours. 11. covid-19 patients. 12. declined to participate the study
postoperative analgesic effects of bilateral external oblique intercostal block in laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery

Conditions: Analgesia; Pain, Postoperative

Summary: the aim of our study is to reduce postoperative pain by performing external oblique intercostal block in l/s cholecystectomy surgeries. our main goal is to provide well managed post-operative analgesia.

the patients will be divided into two groups and general anesthesia will be applied to all of them. there will be no regional anesthetic technique to be performed, on the other hand, external oblique intercostal nerve block will be applied to patients in the other group before the patients are extubated. study randomization is done with computer-generated randomization codes (computer-generated) by a physician who will not participate in patient follow-up. interfascial plane block (external oblique intercostal block) will be given to the anesthesiologist in a sealed envelope by an independent assistant staff outside the study, the patient will not know which block is applied. the anesthetist who made the block will not participate in the pain follow-up of the patients. postoperative pain assessment and data collection will be performed by another anesthetist blinded to the study. for the standardization, the block procedure will be performed by an experienced anesthesiologist who has performed at least 20 previous successful and uncomplicated procedures.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * bmi \< 35 kg/m² * patients with asa scores i and ii exclusion criteria: * patients who do not want to be included in the study * psychiatric and neurological disease with blurred consciousness * patients with asa \> 3 * bmi \> 35 kg/m² * abnormality in coagulation parameters * history of allergy to local anesthetic drugs * infection at the injection site

Keywords: external oblique intercostal block pain management
making healthy decisions: a trial evaluating the "your move" teen pregnancy-prevention intervention

Conditions: Pregnancy, Abdominal; Sexual Behavior; Sexually Transmitted Infection; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Dietary Modification; Eating Behaviors

Summary: the purpose of making healthy decisions is to design and rigorously evaluate a new sexual health education program, "your move" (ym) against a nutrition control program, "eat smart" (es). ym is intended to improve teen females' (ages 14-19) ability to make healthy sexual decisions with the ultimate goal of reducing unplanned pregnancies and stis.

making healthy decisions includes two technology-based interventions designed to improve teen females' healthy decision making in relation to sexual relationships (ym) and nutrition (es). health educators from planned parenthood are trained to implement both ym and es at youth-serving community organizations in their geographic area across several u.s. states. in a multi-site randomized controlled trial, females ages 14-19 are recruited from their local community-based organization (cbo) into groups/cohorts of 8-12. each cohort is randomly assigned to participate in one of the two interventions prior to baseline data collection. participants attend seven 75-minute program sessions that include facilitator-led games, activities, and discussions as well as personal reflection time in which girls practiced healthy decision making individually on an electronic tablet. self-reported survey data related to attitudes, knowledge, and behavior around sex and nutrition are collected at baseline as well as 3 months after the intervention ends.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female (or identify as female); age 14-19 exclusion criteria: * male (or identify as male); female older than 19 or younger than 14

Keywords: pregnancy adolescents sexually transmitted diseases decision making prevention education
the effects of temporary ileostomy on outcome in patients with rectal cancer

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this prospective comparative cohort study was to assess the effect of protective ileostomy on the outcomes of patients with rectal cancer who underwent low anterior rectal (lar) resection in patients with a diagnosis of colorectal cancer of both sexes and all ages that required low anterior resection(lar) attending the department of general surgery at tishreen university hospital in lattakia-syria during the two years (may 2021- may 2023). the main question to answer is does protective ileostomy reduce leakage, ssi rate, and duration of hospitalization in patients with colorectal cancer. . patients are divided into two groups: group 1: patients who underwent ileostomy (19 patients), and group 2 is the comparative group: patients who didn't (28 patients). morbidity and mortality were compared between the two groups, to study the outcomes of protective ileostomy

anastomotic leakage is encountered frequently after colorectal cancer (crc) surgery, which is considered one of the potentially lethal complications, affecting the quality of life and increasing hospital costs. the role of a protective stoma has been debated. therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the effect of protective ileostomy on the outcomes of patients with rectal cancer who underwent low anterior rectal (lar) resection. this is a prospective comparative study of a group of patients with a diagnosis of colorectal cancer of both sexes and all ages that required low anterior resection(lar) attending the department of general surgery at tishreen university hospital in lattakia-syria during the two years (may 2021- may 2023). the exclusion criteria were patients who underwent abdominoperineal resection with permanent ileostomy. the following workup included: a history and physical examination. preparation of the bowel was performed before surgery with the administration of intravenous perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. the surgical procedure was performed by laparotomy, with resection of the rectum and mesorectum (tme) up to the level of the pelvic diaphragm, sparing the autonomic nerves. end-to-end anastomosis was performed either with a stapler or by hand-sewn. patients were assigned to group i (19 patients) who had undergone temporary ileostomy, and group ii (28 patients) who didn't undergo ileostomy. patients were followed up at regular intervals and outcomes were compared between two groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with a diagnosis of colorectal cancer that required low anterior resection(lar) * both sexes * all ages * attending the department of general surgery at tishreen university hospital in lattakia-syria during the two years (may 2021- may 2023). exclusion criteria: * patients who underwent abdominoperineal resection with permanent ileostomy.

Keywords: rectal cancer ileostomy morbidity anterior rectal resection
physical activity program for counteracting sarcopenia

Conditions: Sarcopenia

Summary: sarcopenia is a pathophysiological process associated with aging and some metabolic conditions characterized by progressive muscle tissue loss, which may lead to loss of strangth and performance and increase risk of falls and fractures, physical disability and premature death. therefore, it is necessary to identify personalized programs of physical activity and supplementation for elderly population in order to improve their physical functions, muscle strengh and body composition. with the present project we aime to assess the effect of a feasible home-based exercise program coupled with food supplementation to improve muscle strength, muscle volume and muscle physical performance potentially associated with sarcopenia in elderly people.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * sedentary lifestyle. * cognitively intact. * autonomous walking. * acceptance of informed consent. exclusion criteria: * body mass index lower than 18.5 and uppen than 40 kg/m2. * history of cancer. * pacemaker user. * history of epileptic episodes. * endocrine-metabolic, neurological, muscular and ortopedic pathologies that affect movement functions. * bone fractures that influence movement functions. * smoking. * surgical treatments in the prior 6 months. * use of antieptilectics, glucocorticoids, rhgh and testosterone. * hepatic and muscular pathologies
nasotracheal intubation in critically ill.

Conditions: Tracheal Intubation Morbidity; Critical Care

Summary: the aim of this prospective randomized trail is to compare nasotracheal versus orotracheal intubation in critically ill patients. we aim to study: * required sedation depth * rate of spontaneous breathing * extend and possibility of physiotherapy * vasopressor and sedative drug doses participants are randomized 1:1 to receive either nasotracheal or orotracheal intubation.

in the intensive care unit endotracheal intubation and consecutive mechanical ventilation are required for different surgical procedures, examinations and interventions in the icu or due to respiratory insufficiency. commonly, intubation is performed orotracheally by direct laryngoscopy after preoxygenation and administration of narcotics and a muscle relaxant. when using this technique sedation is often necessary for tolerance of the orotracheal tube. to avoid the adverse side effects of sedation and mechanical ventilation as for example hypotension, barotrauma, ventilator associated pneumonia, etc., intubation via a nasotracheal approach might be favorable. retrospective data show that nasotracheal intubation is associated with fewer sedatives, vasopressors, and a higher rate of spontaneous breathing. as there is a paucity of data concerning the use of nasotracheal intubation in the intensive care setting the investigators aim to compare the use of orotracheal and nasotracheal tubes in a prospective randomized trial, using sedation depth as primary outcome measure.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥ 18 * patients requiring tracheal intubation during their intensive care stay. exclusion criteria: * orotracheal or nasotracheal route of intubation technically not possible (e.g. confirmed indication for awake fiberoptic intubation due to expected difficult airway) * tracheal intubation indicated for deep sedation (e.g. treatment of elevated intracranial pressure) * thrombocytopenia \< 50/nl or other risk factors for bleeding * pregnant or breastfeeding women * denial of consent

Keywords: tracheal intubation airway management critical care nasotracheal intubation