Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
a novel intervention for training auditory attention in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder

Conditions: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Autism

Summary: background: previous research has shown that individuals with asd often have difficulties coping with auditory stimuli in the environment. these difficulties can be extremely debilitating, lead to anxiety and disruptive behaviors, and interfere with the ability to process and understand speech. research design: in previous research, the investigators have identified a brain marker associated with poor auditory attention that can provide a direct readout of auditory processing issues. the investigators will develop and test a cognitive/behavioral intervention (a tablet-based game app) that is highly engaging and accessible to a wide range of individuals with asd. the intervention is designed to train adolescents with asd to adapt and attend to auditory cues. objectives: to evaluate whether the intervention leads to improvement in auditory attention as assessed by behavior changes over the course of training; to investigate the impact of the intervention on behavioral assessment of problems hearing speech in noisy environments, neural processing of sounds, and changes in parent report on responses to sounds that impact that daily lives of the participants; and finally- to determine which adolescents with asd benefit the most and least from interventions such as this one. we hypothesize that we can elicit changes in the neural processing of sounds for adolescents with asd via training in the form of the tablet-based game we are developing. if we are successful, this could lead to other interventions for persons with asd in the hopes of improving the auditory difficulties they face.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adolescent children and young adults, both males and females; * between the ages of 13:0 and 20:11 years of age * speak or hear english at home at least 50% of the time * meet criteria for a confirmed diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. exclusion criteria: * nonverbal mental age below 18 months * insufficient manual dexterity that would prevent working with a tablet or phone-based app

Keywords: auditory attention
oral prednisolone for acute rhinovirus induced wheezing in children less than 2 years of age

Conditions: Bronchiolitis Acute Viral

Summary: the aim of the trial is to evaluate whether the use of oral prednisolone directed by point-of-care testing is useful in acute wheezing caused by rhinovirus in children aged 6-24 months.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * wheezing bronchitis diagnosed by a physician * need for salbutamol treatment at the emergency department * positive nasopharyngeal rhinovirus or picornavirus finding in point-of-care testing exclusion criteria: * need for immediate resuscitation * immediate transfer to icu * suspected pneumonia based on the auscultation finding * suspected serious bacterial infection * other respiratory virus finding in the absence of rhinovirus or picornavirus * positive respiratory syncytial virus finding * positive sars-coronavirus-2 finding * positive mycoplasma pneumoniae finding * positive bordetella pertussis finding * contact with a person with chickenpox within 14 days * active chickenpox * suspected foreign body of the respiratory tract * immunosuppressive treatment * systemic corticosteroid treatment within 14 days * allergy to corticosteroids
observational study of type 2 diabetes patients failing on oral anti-diabetic agents initiated on levemir® or insulatard®

Conditions: Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: this trial is conducted in europe. the aim of this observational study is to evaluate the change in weight in type 2 diabetes patients using levemir® or insulatard® under normal clinical practice conditions.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * type 2 diabetes * hba1c greater than 7.0% and/or hypoglycaemia * variable fbg and/or weight increase * the selection of the subjects will be at the discretion of the participating physician exclusion criteria: * non-type 2 diabetes * current treatment with levemir® or insulatard® * hypersensitivity to levemir® or insulatard® or to any of the excipients * women who are pregnant, breast feeding or have the intention of becoming pregnant within next 6 months
perioperative evaluation of intracranial hypertension by ultrasound measurement of variations in the diameter of the sheath of the optic nerve in the excision of a tumor or biopsy supratentorial brain

Conditions: Supratentorial Brain Tumor

Summary: neurosurgery for supratentorial brain tumor is frequently associated with preoperative intracranial hypertension. the evaluation of intracranial pressure is available noninvasively by measuring the diameter of the optic nerve sheath ultrasound. the evaluation of intracranial pressure by measuring the dno in perioperative is not described in the literature. the investigators propose a pilot study to assess intracranial pressure perioperative surgery for supratentorial brain tumor. the investigators consider a diameter of the optic nerve sheath as normal and predictive of intracranial pressure below 20 mm hg when less than 5.7 mm (on the average of two measurements on each eye). dno the normal healthy adult unanesthetized is 5 mm. the main objective of the study is to compare the mean change in diameter of the optic nerve between the postoperative and d2 between groups of patients undergoing resection of a brain tumor and patients undergoing biopsy brain tumor. pilot study: prospective, single-center, controlled, non-randomized, the number of patients is estimated according to the recruiting capabilities of neurosurgery for this type of patient in the institution, a total of 40 patients: 20 patients tumor resection, control group: 20 patients biopsy brain tumor.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥ 18 years * hospitalized for surgery of intracerebral tumors in the study group. * hospitalized for a biopsy of intracerebral tumor lesion in the control group. exclusion criteria: * age \<18 years * enucleation prohibited to the achievement of an ocular ultrasound * hypersensitivity to gel * eye wound * massive facial fracture * skin infection site
a study of rbt-1 in healthy volunteers and subjects with stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease

Conditions: Acute Kidney Injury

Summary: this is a phase 1b, single-center, dose-escalating study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamic effect of rbt-1 in healthy volunteers and in subjects with stage 3-4 ckd.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. male and female subjects age 18 to 80 years (inclusive, at time of icf). 2. body weight \<125 kg. 3. able and willing to comply with all study procedures. 4. female subjects must be either post-menopausal for at least 1 year or surgically sterile (tubal ligation, hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy) for at least 3 months, or if of childbearing potential, have a negative pregnancy test and agree to use dual methods of contraception, or abstain from sexual activity from screening until 28 days after study drug administration. male subjects with female partners of childbearing potential must agree to use a highly effective method of contraception from screening until 28 days after study drug administration. all fertile men with female partners of childbearing potential should be instructed to contact the investigator immediately if they suspect their partner might be pregnant (e.g., missed or late menstrual period) at any time during study participation. 5. ckd stage 3 as determined by estimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) between 30-59 ml/min/1.73 m2 using the chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration (ckd-epi) equation. 6. ckd stage 4 as determined by egfr between 15-29 ml/min/1.73 m2 using the ckd-epi equation. exclusion criteria: 1. history of malignancy except carcinoma in situ in the cervix, early stage prostate cancer or non-melanoma skin cancers. 2. use of investigational drugs or participation in another clinical trial within 30 days or 5 half-lives prior to screening, whichever is longer. 3. serum ferritin \> 500 ng/ml or who have received iv iron within 28 days of screening, or currently being treated with oral iron. 4. women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant while participating in the study. 5. any significant acute or chronic diseases. 6. subjects with abnormal baseline liver tests or hepatitis serologies that suggest active infection. 7. regular use of drugs of abuse and/or positive findings on urinary drug screening. 8. current tobacco use and/or positive findings on urinary cotinine screening. 9. subjects who are severely physically or mentally incapacitated and who, in the opinion of investigator, are unable to perform the subjects' tasks associated with the protocol. 10. presence of any condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, places the subject at undue risk or potentially jeopardizes the quality of the data to be generated. 11. subjects with history of photosensitivity or active skin disease 12. known hypersensitivity or previous anaphylaxis to rbt-1 or to components thereof.
efficacy of botulinum toxin type a for acute acquired comitant esotropia: an age-stratified two-year follow-up study

Conditions: Acute Acquired Comitant Esotropia

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to assess and compare the efficacy of two-year follow-up botulinum toxin type a （btxa) in the treatment of acute acquired comitant esotropia (aace) across five age groups: ≤6 years, \>6 to ≤12 years, \>12 to ≤20 years, \>20 to ≤30 years, and \>30 years. for patients \>12 years presenting with large-angle esotropia (\>50 pd), primary surgical intervention was recommended as the preferred approach to minimize failure and recurrence risk. conversely, for patients ≤12 years, btxa injection was maintained as the first-line treatment regardless of the deviation angle.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical diagnosis of acute acquired comitant esotropia (aace) with sudden onset and diplopia * normal eye movements with deviation difference ≤5 prism diopters (pd) in all gaze directions * hyperopia \< +3.00 diopters * \<10 pd reduction in esotropia with hypermetropic spectacle correction * no prior extraocular muscle surgery * absence of congenital/developmental anomalies affecting treatment outcomes exclusion criteria: * deviation difference \>5 pd in any gaze direction * hyperopia ≥ +3.00 diopters * history of extraocular muscle surgery * presence of congenital/developmental anomalies potentially impacting outcomes

Keywords: botulinum toxin esotropia
a qualitative investigation of cleat participants

Conditions: Osteoarthritis

Summary: as the united kingdom's national health service (nhs) waiting list soars above seven million people, with treatment wait times over two years, older people with chronic conditions face worsening symptoms, increased use of medications, more complicated surgeries with slower recovery, reduced quality of life, and loss of independence. as part of its plans to tackle this crisis, the nhs promotes exercise as a "miracle cure" for arresting the progress of disease and helping disease management and recovery. however, current plans promoting individual, home-based exercise, as well as on-site hospital-based programs of delivery, have met with only limited success, and face problems of decreased space, capacity, clinician time, as well as lack of knowledge and expertise with regard to effective behavior change. we have developed a community-based group exercise programme for older people with hip osteoarthritis. this community-based group exercise programme has successfully helped those with hip osteoarthritis (3.5 million over 45s in the uk) reduce pain and need for medication, as well as avoiding surgery, and has formed part of an nihr trial examining the use of exercise and education versus standard physiotherapy care for the treatment of hip osteoarthritis. in order to better understand the mechanisms of action of this programme, the present study will examine, via focus groups interviews, the experiences of participants who have undertaken the exercise and education programme. the data generated from the focus groups will help to elucidate what "works" within the programme and will help inform future development of resources to support health professionals in providing exercise rehabilitation for older people with chronic conditions.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: participants who had previously been part of the nihr-funded cleat trial. those participants were defined as follows: * diagnosed with osteoarthritis of the hip as per nice criteria. * male and female, aged 45 years and over * meeting the gp criteria for exercise referral * capable of giving informed consent * be able to understand english as necessary to benefit from the intervention, in the investigators' opinion. exclusion criteria: • anyone not previously part of the nihr-funded cleat trial. -
generalization of training in schizophrenia

Conditions: Schizophrenia; Schizoaffective Disorder

Summary: this study examines whether patients with schizophrenia can benefit from a problem-solving training intervention and whether a work-related social skills training intervention leads to improvements in the patient's performance at work.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * veterans with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder

Keywords: schizophrenia vocational rehabilitation neuropsychology
assessment of the safety and effectiveness of cortical stimulation in subjects with major depressive disorder

Conditions: Depression; Depressive Disorder

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the safety and effectiveness of cortical stimulation to the cerebral cortex of subjects who have suffered from treatment-resistant depression and have failed routine attempts at controlling their depression.

major depressive disorders are the most common of all psychiatric disorders. the world health organization estimates that 340 million people worldwide suffer from an episode of major depression each year, accounting for 4.4% of the overall global disease burden. in the united states, about 9.5% or 19 million people are affected by a depressive disorder, with a lifetime risk of about 17% for a major depressive disorder. while depression can be effectively treated in the majority of patients by medication and psychotherapy, up to 20% of patients fail to respond. electroconvulsive therapy (ect) is effective in approximately 70% of cases where antidepressant medications do not provide sufficient relief of symptoms. however, as many as 20-50% of the people who respond well to a course of ect relapse within 6 months, therefore, periodic maintenance therapy is often required. for those patients who are resistant to the therapies noted above, more invasive approaches have been used, including vagus nerve stimulation (vns) and more recently deep brain stimulation (dbs). direct cortical stimulation of the cortex via an implanted device system may provide long lasting benefit with minimal side effects. the current study seeks to assess in a feasibility study the safety and efficacy of stimulating the prefrontal cortex in patients with major depressive disorder.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * current major depressive episode (mde) lasting for at least two years, or at least 4 lifetime mdes with the current episode lasting for at least one year * severe depression at study entry defined as a minimum score of 20 on the hamilton depression rating scale * failed response to at least four different antidepressant treatments exclusion criteria: * axis i psychiatric diagnoses including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, or evidence of global cognitive impairment * an axis ii diagnoses of either: a) borderline personality disorder, or b) histrionic personality disorder * electroconvulsive therapy within 6 months prior to enrollment * known need of electroconvulsive therapy while the investigational device is implanted * history of seizure disorder or status epilepticus

Keywords: cortical electrical stimulation treatment resistant depression major depressive disorder
prostasin levels in preeclamptic women

Conditions: Pre-Eclampsia

Summary: this study will aim to compare maternal serum prostasin levels between women diagnosed with preeclampsia and healthy normotensive pregnant controls. participants will be divided into two main groups: those with preeclampsia and those with uncomplicated pregnancies. the preeclampsia group will further be subdivided based on the severity of the condition. maternal serum samples will be collected from all participants, and prostasin levels will be measured using elisa. statistical analyses will be performed to evaluate whether prostasin levels are significantly elevated in the preeclampsia group, particularly in those with severe features, and to assess its potential as a biomarker for the condition.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of preeclampsia: defined by new-onset hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmhg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmhg) after 20 weeks of gestation, with or without proteinuria. * control group: healthy pregnancies without preeclampsia or other significant maternal or fetal complications. exclusion criteria: * multiple pregnancies * pregestational diabetes * chronic hypertension * systemic diseases (chronic kidney disease, autoimmune diseases) * fetal anomalies * premature rupture of membranes.
dipeptidyl peptidase-4 link with oral cancer and premalignant lesions

Conditions: Oral Premalignant Lesions as Leukoplakia and Lichen Planus; Oral Cancer

Summary: aim: the current study targets linking serum and salivary dipeptidyl peptidase-4 with oral squamous cell carcinoma and comparing it with potentially malignant lesions and control to validate dipeptidyl peptidase-4 as a diagnostic marker for early detection of oral cancer and to reveal its possible role in carcinogenesis. methodology: a total of 45 patients were recruited and subdivided into 2 groups: group i: 15 patients having oral squamous cell carcinoma. group ii: 15 patients with potentially malignant lesions (leukoplakia and oral lichen planus) compared to 15 systemically healthy participants having no oral mucosal lesions acting as a control group (group iii). serum and whole unstimulated salivary samples were collected from all participants to evaluate dipeptidyl peptidase level in different groups using enzyme linked immune-sorbent assay (elisa) kit. roc analysis was done to reveal area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of dpp-4 among different groups.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * systemically healthy * no current medication, * both genders with age ranging from 30 to 65 years old. * having oral leukoplakia, oral lichen planus or oral squamous cell carcinoma exclusion criteria: * systemic disease * pregnancy * lactation * being diagnosed with any other oral mucosal lesion

Keywords: oral cancer saliva serum dipeptidyl peptidase potentially malignant lesions.
a study of lx211 in clinically quiescent non-infectious intermediate, anterior and intermediate, posterior or pan-uveitis

Conditions: Uveitis, Posterior; Uveitis, Intermediate; Panuveitis

Summary: the objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of lx211 as therapy in subjects with clinically quiescent non-infectious uveitis


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a documented history of non-infectious intermediate, anterior and intermediate, posterior or panuveitis. * minimum prescribed therapy upon enrollment is one or more of the following: * systemic prednisone or equivalent averaging ≥ 10 mg/day * at least 2 periocular/intravitreal corticosteroid administrations for control of inflammatory disease within the previous 8 months (but not within 6 weeks of randomization). * at least one, but not more than 2 immunosuppressive drugs from among the following compounds: cyclosporine, tacrolimus, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, methotrexate * subjects with clinically quiescent uveitis in both eyes at enrollment and who have been on a stable treatment regimen for a minimum of 6 weeks * best-corrected distance visual acuity in the worst involved eye of 20/400 or better (etdrs logmar \<1.34) * subjects not planning to undergo elective ocular surgery during the study exclusion criteria: * evidence of active, uncontrolled non-infectious uveitis * periocular administration of corticosteroids within the previous 6 weeks. * uveitis of infectious etiology * uncontrolled glaucoma * clinically suspected or confirmed central nervous system or ocular lymphoma * history or diagnosis of behçet's disease * primary diagnosis of anterior uveitis

Keywords: uveitis calcineurin
second generation lma versus endotracheal tube in obese patients

Conditions: Obese; Endotracheal Tube; Laryngeal Mask Airway

Summary: this prospective, randomized, comparative study is intended to enroll a total of 148 patients with a bmi 30-49.9 kg/m2 undergoing surgery at parkland hospital. the efficacy and performance of a second-generation lma will be compared to endotracheal intubation. a standardized anesthetic protocol that is usual and customary for the type of operation the patient is having will be provided to the anesthesia teams of enrolled subjects. the remainder of the anesthetic care of the subject will not deviate from the standard of care.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18-80 years old * obese (bmi \> or equal to 30 kg/m2 * scheduled for a non-emergent surgery that requires general anesthesia (e.g., orthopedic, breast, urological, colorectal, ent, vascular, general surgery) * willing and able to consent in english or spanish * no current history of advanced pulmonary or cardiac disease exclusion criteria: * age less than 18 or older than 80 * bmi ≥50 or \< 30 kg/m2 * patient does not speak english or spanish * expected surgical duration longer than 4 hours * planned postoperative icu admission * patient refusal * monitored anesthesia care (mac) or regional anesthesia planned * pregnant or nursing women * "stat" (emergent) cases * known or suspected difficult airway * full stomach/significant aspiration risk (gastroparesis, emergency surgery, untreated moderate to severe gastroesophageal reflux disease, hiatal hernia) * no history of gastric surgery * surgery in position other than supine (e.g., trendelenburg) * laparoscopic surgery