Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
next generation ors: controlled trial comparing ors with calcium vs standard ors in reducing severity of acute watery diarrhea

Conditions: Diarrhea; Cholera

Summary: diarrhea remains a leading killer of children in need of better treatments.

diarrhea remains a leading killer of children in need of better treatments. oral rehydration solution (ors) is currently the only oral therapy that is recommended for children with acute diarrhea. although it is valuable for correcting dehydration and is considered the primary reason for the substantial reduction in mortality from diarrhea in children, ors does not have the capacity to "halt" intestinal fluid loss and thus, does not offer a rapid relief of a child's diarrhea symptom, and its use by caregivers and medical practitioners has markedly dropped (estimate use in 1/3 of cases who need it). in recognition of its limitations, continuous efforts have been made to modify the composition of ors. however, none has targeted the central diarrhea-causing pathways and produced a satisfactory outcome in children. new therapeutic approaches and methods are needed. the proposed new ors is based on recent discovery of the first inclusive antidiarrheal mechanism in the intestine, casr (calcium-sensing receptor) that targets all known diarrhea causing pathways. it works in animals. this r21 is the 1st proof-of-concept clinical study in humans and is intended to investigate its safety and efficacy. two specific aims are proposed to determine new ors safety and efficacy in patients with diarrhea. in the safety study, the investigators propose to enroll 396 diarrheal adults (198 in intervention new ors group and 198 in standard who ors). in the efficacy study, the investigators plan to enroll 396 diarrheal adults (198 in intervention new ors group and 198 in standard who ors, these will be same patients employed for the safety study). these diarrheal patients will be recruited from the dhaka area in bangladesh. at the conclusion of the study, we expect to develop a novel oral rehydrating solution that is inexpensive and practical to use in all the countries. hypothesis: the volume output intervention should reduce stool weight/output of diarrhea by 30%.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult male and female patients, age between 18 and 60 years, history of acute watery diarrhea (defined as the passage of ≥3 loose or watery stools in the past 24 hours) for less than 24 h before admission, either signs of severe dehydration and stool positive for vibrio cholerae, and successful rehydration with intravenous fluids within the first 6 h after admission (cholera group), or signs of some dehydration and stool negative for v. cholera (non-cholera group) , and successful rehydration with intravenous or oral fluids within the first 6 h exclusion criteria: * pregnancy as determined by history of last menstrual period, bloody diarrhea, signs of systemic infection that needed intravenous antibiotics, or inability to rehydrate with intravenous fluid therapy in the first 6 h after admission.
short duration versus fourteen days antibiotic in common bile duct cholangitis

Conditions: Acute Cholangitis; Common Bile Duct Calculi

Summary: common bile duct stone cholangitis is a potentially fatal condition, characterized by an obstruction and bacterial infection of biliary system. the principles of management are appropriate biliary drainage and systemic antibiotics. there has been limited data about appropriate time of antibiotics in patient with successful endoscopic drainage.

the aim is comparing the efficacy and safety between short duration and standard fourteen days antibiotic treatment in patients with acute common bile duct stone (cbds) cholangitis after successful endoscopic biliary drainage as regards recurrence rate of acute cholangitis, complete stone clearance rate, morbidity and mortality associated acute cholangitis, and complications related ercp procedure. the study will be divided patients with acute cbds cholangitis with complete stone clearance into 2 groups, group (a) will be received intravenous antibiotic until the temperature is less than 37.8 c for 72 hours and group (b) will be received intravenous antibiotic for 7 days, followed by oral antibiotic for 7 days, regardless of the body temperature.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥ 18 years old * diagnosis of acute mild to moderate severity of ascending common bile duct stone cholangitis * endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ercp) with biliary drainage within 72 hours after admission exclusion criteria: * pregnant woman * the cause of obstruction other than common bile duct stone * severe co-morbid diseases such as cardiovascular/pulmonary/kidney disease * active concomitant infections of other organs * history of allergy to cephalosporin group
comparison of nicom and innocor for non-invasive determination of cardiac output

Conditions: Cardiac Disease

Summary: cardiac output (co) is an important parameter in the diagnosis and therapy of cardiac diseases. the aim of the study at hand was to evaluate nicom (bioreactance) as a new method for determinion of co and to compare it to innocor (inert gas rebreathing), which previously showed promising results.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hemodynamic stability * respiratory stability exclusion criteria: * patient unwilling to participate

Keywords: agreement of nicom and innocor
central meditation and imagery therapy for augmentation of borderline personality disorder treatment

Conditions: Borderline Personality Disorder

Summary: borderline personality disorder is a severe psychiatric disorder marked by emotional instability, difficulty with interpersonal relationships, and self-harming behaviors. despite receiving psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder, studies show that patient recovery is slow, and there is a high rate of self injury and suicide attempts early in treatment. there is thus a clear need to provide therapies to augment psychotherapy. we will conduct a pilot trial to determine whether a 6-week central meditation and imagery therapy (cmit) is feasible for subjects with borderline personality disorder to undergo when added on to psychotherapy treatment. cmit is a non-validated therapy that combines principles of mindfulness with meditation techniques and guided imagery. sessions led by a trained clinician in a group setting once a week, and participants are asked to complete daily home practice. the trial will involve 16 participants, all currently undergoing psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder. participants will be randomly assigned to either a cmit group that lasts 6 weeks, or a wait list group. those in the wait list group will be able to receive cmit after 6 weeks. all participants will continue to receive psychotherapy throughout the trial. during the trial, we will also obtain preliminary data to help understand whether cmit may result in psychological benefits for participants. this will include measuring the pulse in order to determine variation in beat to beat intervals of the heart during psychological tests, and filling out questionnaires before and after participation in cmit.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * meeting the diagnostic criteria for bpd according to dsm-iv criteria * meeting the diagnostic criteria for bpd based on the diagnostic interview for borderline - revised * currently receiving psychotherapy. * english language proficiency to understand written and oral communication exclusion criteria: * active suicidality or suicidal intent as identified on the columbia suicide severity rating scale * suicide attempt within the past month

Keywords: borderline personality disorder
clinical study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of im21 car-t cells in the treatment of elderly patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Summary: this is a single center study to assess the efficacy and safety of im21 car-t cells in adult with r/r multiple myeloma in china.

in this study, about 10 patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma aged ≥60 years were recruited for im21 car-t cell single transfusion therapy. the safety and tolerability of the treatment were evaluated, and the curative effect was initially observed. the research plan includes five stages: screening stage, cell collection stage, chemotherapy pretreatment stage, infusion stage and follow-up stage.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma who had received at least second line regular treatment failure; 2. age ≥60 years old; 3. the expected survival time is more than 3 months; 4. ecog score is 0-2; 5. those who voluntarily participate in the study and sign the informed consent; 6. hemoglobin (hb)≥80g/l; absolute count of neutrophils (anc) \>1×10\^9/l total platelet count (plt)≥35×10\^9/l; 7. left ventricular ejection fraction \> 45%. exclusion criteria: 1. high-risk viscera-involved patients: the tumor invaded the gastrointestinal tract, lung, pericardium and one of the great vessels; 2. those who have graft versus host disease and need to use immunosuppressive agents; 3. use of systemic steroids in combination within 5 days prior to the blood collection period (except for recent or current use of inhaled steroids); 4. active hepatitis b or c virus, hiv or other untreated active infected persons; 5. any circumstance that, in the opinion of the investigator, may increase the risk to the subject or interfere with test results; 6. patients who use chemotherapy or radiotherapy within 3 days before the blood collection stage.

Keywords: multiple myeloma
spotfire sore throat (st) study

Conditions: Pharyngitis, Infective

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate where urgent care (uc) clinicians see the most benefit for a novel, point of care pharyngitis test, spotfire st, and describe its performance, potential clinical utility, and satisfaction of providers and patients with this novel test. up to 200 participants will be on study for up to approximately 25 minutes.

the broader study is separated into three specific aims. aim 1. evaluate which specific patient populations uc providers see the most need and benefit from spotfire st, a multiplex point of care pharyngitis test. aim 2. evaluate the performance and effects of test results associated with important clinical outcomes (e.g., prescriptions, additional testing, disposition and follow-up) for patients in the top 3-4 high-risk subpopulations identified by providers in specific aim 1. aim 3. evaluate patient and provider satisfaction and future use opportunities of the spotfire st panel testing platform in the clinical pathway for evaluating patients with pharyngitis in uc centers. aims 2-3 are registered to this clinicaltrials.gov record.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * illness onset in the last 7 days, and: * ages 1-2 (12-35 months old) with fever or * ages 3-17 with sore throat or * any age with immunocompromising conditions or is on immunocompromising medications with sore throat or * any age with comorbidities (e.g., respiratory, cardiovascular, metabolic, renal, etc.) with sore throat exclusion criteria: * anatomic anomalies that would prohibit safely collecting a pharyngeal swab specimen * symptom onset more than 7 days prior to arrival at urgent care * patient is already on an antiviral medication or an antibiotic medication * previous participation in the study * unable to read and understand or refusal to sign the appropriate informed consent/assent forms * refusal to provide their demographics, household information

Keywords: diagnostic test
plyometric training in volleyball players with chronic knee pain

Conditions: Chronic Knee Pain

Summary: the study is randomized and single-blinded. ethical approval is taken from ethical committee of riphah internatinal university, lahore. participants who meet the inclusion criteria will be enrolled and allocated in group a \& b through random number generator by non-probability convenient random sampling technique. subjects in group a will receive plyometric training. group b will receive general training.

the objective of the study is to determine the effects of plyometric training on vertical jumps and dynamic stability in volleyball players with chronic knee pain. the study is randomized and single-blinded. ethical approval is taken from ethical committee of riphah internatinal university, lahore. participants who meet the inclusion criteria will be enrolled and allocated in group a \& b through random number generator by non-probability convenient random sampling technique. subjects in group a will receive plyometric training. group b will receive general training. the outcome measures will be assessed by vertical jump test, hop test and y balance test the data will be analyzed by spss, version 25. statistical significance is p= 0.05.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * both genders. age between 15 to 30 years acr criteria for knee oa. bmi less than 30 exclusion criteria: * players with open wounds. players with diabetes. grade iv oa on kellergan lawrence. any traumatic condition that can hinder polymetric training. ankle instability sprain/ strain.
neutral and positive attention bias modification training for young adults with depressive symptoms

Conditions: Depressive Disorder

Summary: this study intends to explore the therapeutic effects of the development of negative attention bias modifaction and positive attention bias on depressive symptoms and redundancy through two different attention training methods: (1) neutral attention training (when neutral and sad stimuli are presented simultaneously, attention is always directed towards neutral stimuli to correct negative attention bias) and (2) positive attention training (when neutral and positive stimuli are presented simultaneously, attention is always directed towards positive stimuli to develop positive attention bias).

attention bias modification training was a modified dot-probe task. in the neutral attention bias, 90% of the targets in the training group appear in the neutral word position and 10% of the targets appear in the negative word position, while 50% of the targets in the placebo group appear in the neutral word position and 50% of the targets appear in the negative word position. in the positive attention bias, 90% of the targets in the training group appear in the positive word position and 10% of the targets appear in the neutral word position, while 90% of the targets in the placebo group appear in the neutral word position and 10% of the targets appear in the positive word position. the investigators assess attention bias scores, depressive symptoms, trait anxiety, rumination and self-report attention control ability at 1-week, 2-week, 4-week, 7-week, 3-month, 4-month, 5-month, 6-month and 12-month follow-ups after training.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a score of 14 or higher on the beck depression inventory-ⅱ exclusion criteria: 1. a current episode of mdd, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia or organic mental disorder; 2. any concurrent psychotherapy; 3. any concurrent psychotropic medication.

Keywords: attention bias modification positive attention bias depressive symptoms prevention
effects of adrenaline infiltration on surgical field of view in endoscopic sinus surgery

Conditions: Intraoperative Bleeding

Summary: in endoscopic sinus surgery a clear surgical field of view is a very important aspect for good surgical outcome. this study is to evaluate the preoperative preparation to acquire best surgical field of view by comparing between the use of topical adrenaline and the use of combination of topical adrenaline with infiltration of 1% lidocaine with adrenaline in patients scheduled for endoscopic sinus surgery for rhinosinusitis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed with recurrent acute or chronic rhinosinusitis recalcitrant to medical treatment and scheduled for endoscopic sinus surgery exclusion criteria: * patients who have asymetrical disease on the two sides (lund mackay score difference more than 2) * patients who have endoscopic sinus surgery for treatment of tumor or disease other than sinusitis * patients with underlying uncontrolled hypertension * patients with bleeding disorder or are unable to discontinue antiplatelet or anticoagulant before the surgery * patients who are allergic to adrenaline or to xylocaine
gastroenteritis in pediatric population of qatar

Conditions: Gastroenteritis

Summary: comparison of clinical and laboratory diagnosis for cause of gastroenteritis(ge) depending on the clinical manifestation.identifying the sources of viral, bacterial and parasitic ge in pediatric population of qatar

processing of stool samples by molecular method (pcr) for children with ge including complete data collection. patients are followed up for 14 days

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all acute gastroenteritis patients between 3 months to 14 years presenting to pec centers with acute diarrhea+/- vomiting with or without fever exclusion criteria: 1. cases of vomiting +/- fever only without diarrhea 2. suspicion of surgical abdomen 3. bile stained vomitus 4. mal-absorption diseases as cystic fibrosis, celiac disease or increased secretion as disaccharides deficiency 5. cases of inflammatory bowel disease 6. antibiotic associated diarrhea 7. patients with immune deficiency 8. patients with chronic diarrhea (\>2 weeks of diarrhea) 9. patients receiving long term medication for any disease

Keywords: gastroenteritis, polymerase chain reaction
4p: persistent postoperative pediatric pain

Conditions: Postoperative Pain

Summary: for children, adequate perioperative pain management is a right according to the un convention on the rights of the child, a law in sweden since 2020. despite this, children are still under-treated in many cases. in addition to great suffering, this can lead to missing school and a long-term burden on the society. espa, the european society for pediatric anesthesia, has drawn up guidelines for perioperative pain management. with the study 4p: persistent postoperative pediatric pain, we want to investigate whether these guidelines are followed and how many children develop long-term pain postoperatively. in order to map the prevalence of pain after surgery in children in sweden, the investigators plan to include and follow 2000 children in southern sweden who undergo surgery. the study provides a unique opportunity to follow a large number of children, evaluate given per- and postoperative pain treatment and identify factors linked to the development of acute and long-term postoperative pain. our goal is to optimize peri- and postoperative pediatric pain management to promote rapid recovery after surgery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 1-17 years * scheduled surgery for hernia, penile surgery, retentio testis, adenotonsillectomy, appendectomy or acute fracture in southern sweden. * informed consent exclusion criteria: * scheduled for several surgeries within the time-frame * inability to understand swedish * inability to understand the meaning of participation.

Keywords: pediatric pain
early mobility bundle to prevent hospital acquired pneumonia (hap) in medical inpatients

Conditions: Hospital Acquired Pneumonia

Summary: hospital acquired pneumonia (hap) is a common complication of extended hospital stay. in surgical specialities and critical care early physiotherapy is a recognised way of preventing such infections, and reducing length of hospital stay (los), however prevention of this problem is less well studied in medical inpatients. the investigators propose a pilot study to assess the impact of introducing an early mobilisation strategy to general medical and respiratory wards at an acute trust in the united kingdom (uk). the investigators will recruit all new admissions to each of 2 respiratory and 2 elderly care wards - 1 of each ward type will be allocated to receive extra physiotherapy input targeting new admissions for early mobilisation. patients' usual mobility, current mobility and actual activity levels will be studied by accelerometer and simple patient questionnaire in the first 48 hours of admission, and compared between groups. incidence of hap and total los will be recorded and compared between groups. the investigators hypotheses are that the physiotherapy intervention will increase activity levels, reduce incidence of hap and reduce los. the latter may result in cost savings to the national health service (nhs), which the investigators will model using local tariff data. the investigators plan to use our data to power a larger randomised controlled study, or if the intervention is a marked success, such that a control group would be unethical, then a wider service development and evaluation programme.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * any medical inpatient exclusion criteria: * nil for main study * immobile patients and those unable to consent will be excluded from the sub-study using activity reporting and monitoring by actigraph

Keywords: pneumonia promotion of activity
influence of air quality on the development and progression of premature coronary artery disease

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease Premature; Angina, Stable; Acute Coronary Syndrome; MINOCA; Myocardial Infarction

Summary: the new global guidelines from the world health organization on air quality provide evidence of the damage that air pollution inflicts on human health at even lower concentrations than previously thought. different studies have shown an increase in the incidence of coronary artery disease (cad) in young people in recent decades. the main objective of this project is to study the impact of environmental pollutants on the premature manifestation of cad from different epidemiological approaches and their impact on the evolution of these patients with a gender perspective. it is a retrospective analytical case-control study nested in a cohort of patients ≤40 years old with a clinical history of cad including: st-segment elevation myocardial infarction, non-st-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome, unstable angina, stable angina or silent angina according to the international classification of diseases.


Eligibility criteria:
cases: inclusion criteria: * women and men between 18 and 40 years old with a diagnosis of coronary artery disease coded in their medical records in galicia exclusion criteria: * not having a postal code and primary care center assigned in their medical records in galicia control inclusion criteria: * women and men between 18 and 40 years old with no diagnosis or history of cad or other coronary disease coded in their medical records exclusion criteria: * present with non-ischemic coronary diseas. * have a serious condition that affects or decreases life expectancy. * do not have a postal code or primary care center assigned in their medical records in galicia

Keywords: air pollution young coronary artery disease premature