Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
postoperative pain alleviation in open heart surgery

Conditions: Open Heart Surgery; Postoperative Pain

Summary: effective pain relief after cardiac surgery has assumed importance with the introduction of fast track discharge protocols that requires early weaning from mechanical ventilation. inadequate pain control reduces the capacity to cough, mobility, increases the frequency of atelectasis, and prolongs recovery. infiltration of local anesthetics near the surgical wound has shown to improve early postoperative pain in various surgical procedures. magnesium is the fourth most plentiful cation in our body. it has antinociceptive effects in animal and human models of pain.

effective pain relief after cardiac surgery has assumed importance with the introduction of fast track discharge protocols that requires early weaning from mechanical ventilation. inadequate pain control reduces the capacity to cough, mobility, increases the frequency of atelectasis, and prolongs recovery. a major cause of pain after cardiac surgery is the median sternotomy particularly on the first two postoperative days. the most often used analgesics in these patients are parenteral opioids which can lead to undesirable side-effects as sedation, respiratory depression, nausea, and vomiting. infiltration of local anesthetics near the surgical wound has shown to improve early postoperative pain in various surgical procedures. magnesium is the fourth most plentiful cation in our body. it has antinociceptive effects in animal and human models of pain. it has been mentioned in a systematic review that it may be worthwhile to further study the role of supplemental magnesium in providing perioperative analgesia, because this is a relatively harmless molecule, is not expensive and also because the biological basis for its potential antinociceptive effect is promising. these effects are primarily based on physiological calcium antagonism, that is voltage-dependent regulation of calcium influx into the cell, and noncompetitive antagonism of n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptors. there is a need to evaluate and compare local magnesium with bupivacaine , in comparison to bupivacain ,and other conventional intarvenous analgesics

Eligibility criteria:
criteria: inclusion criteria: * 18-60 years old * american society of anesthesiologists physical status ii and iii * patients scheduled for open heart valve replacement surgery with sternotomy exclusion criteria: * emergency surgery * clinically significant kidney or liver disease * patients allergic to local anesthetic * patients with prolonged cpb time (\>120 min) * patients required intra-aortic balloon pump
a study of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin in combination with pre-operative pelvic radiotherapy in rectal cancer

Conditions: Rectal Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the pathological complete tumor response rate.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * histologically confirmed locally advanced t3/t4 rectal carcinoma with or without nodal involvement requiring surgery of the primary tumor * eastern cooperative oncology group performance status 0-2 * adequate values of laboratory parameters exclusion criteria: * evidence of distant metastases * previous chemotherapy or immunotherapy for colorectal cancer * previous radiotherapy to the pelvis * pre-existing condition which would deter radiotherapy * malignancy within last 5 years, except cured basal cell cancer of the skin and in situ cancer of the cervix * clinically significant cardiac disease or myocardial infarction within the last 12 months * lack of physical integrity of the upper gastrointestinal tract or those who have malabsorption syndrome * organ allografts * concomitant treatment with brivudine, lamivudine, ribavirin or any other nucleoside analogues * dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (dpd) deficiency * history of uncontrolled seizures, central nervous system disorders, or psychiatric disability judged by the investigator to be clinically significant, precluding informed consent or interfering with compliance for oral drug intake
healthcall-s: a pilot study targeting concurrent non-injection drug use and alcohol in hiv primary care clinics

Conditions: Alcohol or Other Drugs Use

Summary: this pilot study goal is to compare two different treatments to help hiv positive patients reduce their concurrent drinking and non-injection drug use.

the goal of this study is to compare the effects of brief motivational interviewing with participation in healthcall to brief motivational interviewing alone on non-injection drug and alcohol use. healthcall involves 2-3 minutes of daily smartphone use to track drug use, drinking behaviors and other aspects of health, followed by personalized feedback in a graph after 30 and 60 days of using the smartphone.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: age 18 and older; 2. during the prior 30 days, \> 4 days of non-injection of cocaine, methamphetamine or heroin, one of which is identified by the patient as his/her primary drug during prior 30 days, \> 1 day of binge drinking (\>4 drinks on one occasion); completion of medically supervised detoxification if such detoxification is required; hiv positive ; able to give informed consent exclusion criteria: patient is currently psychotic, suicidal, or homicidal. patient has injected any drug in the last 6 months patient has definite plans to leave the greater new york metropolitan area within the study period. patient has gross cognitive/psychomotor impairment as evidenced on the halstead-reitan trails (a+b) patient does not speak english or spanish patient has a hearing and/or vision impairment that precludes smartphone use. -
non-interventional cross-over study to reduce items of proactive tools measuring physical activity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd)

Conditions: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Summary: the purpose of the protocol is to develop final draft pro instruments of physical activity in daily life to be used and evaluated in the further validation studies measuring physical activity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of copd (global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (gold) criteria: post bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second (fev1)/forced vital capacity (fvc)\<70%) confirmed with spirometry in stable clinical conditions. for patients recruited during an exacerbation, the diagnosis of copd should be confirmed in stable conditions. * current or ex-smokers with a smoking history equivalent to at least 10 pack years. * able to read and write and to use electronic devices and physical activity monitor. exclusion criteria: * orthopaedic, neurological or other complaints that significantly impair normal biomechanical movement patterns, as judged by the investigator. * respiratory diseases other than copd (e.g. asthma). * cognitive impairment, as judged by the investigator

Keywords: physical activity patient reported outcome (pro) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) innovative medicines initiative - joint undertaking (imi-ju)
acute vascular response to exercise in women with nonobstructive coronary artery disease

Conditions: Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to examine the acute effect of exercise on vascular function in women with nonobstructive coronary artery disease.

women are more likely to have nonobstructive coronary artery disease (cad) . the purpose of this study is to examine the acute effect of exercise on vascular function in women with nonobstructive coronary artery disease. endothelium-dependent and -independent dilation, arterial stiffness and wave reflection will be measured at baseline and after walking on a treadmill at a slow pace for 47 minutes. endothelium-dependent dilation will be measured using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation via high resolution ultrasonography. endothelium-independent dilation will be measured using brachial artery dilation to sublingual nitroglycerin. arterial stiffness and wave reflection will measured using applanation tonometry.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women with non-obstructive coronary artery disease documented within the past 5 years by coronary angiogram as no coronary arteries with stenosis greater than 50% lesions * age 18 to 89 years * able to complete maximal graded exercise test exclusion criteria: * use of tobacco products within the previous six months * use of oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy within the prior year * pregnancy (positive urine pregnancy test) or lactation * history of hepatic disease or infection with hepatitis b, c or hiv
sleep disordered breathing and gestational hypertension

Conditions: Sleep Disordered Breathing; Obstructive Sleep Apnea; Gestational Hypertension; Preeclampsia

Summary: sleep disordered breathing (sdb) is a common problem in the adult population. by conservative estimates, 4% of the adult female population has sdb. sdb is a recognized cause of hypertension and treating sdb can improve blood pressure control in people with hypertension. more recently, research efforts have looked at sdb as a possible cause of pregnancy induced hypertension (pih), a condition which complicates 10% of pregnancies. traditionally, the best way to assess sdb required patients to spend a night sleeping in the sleep laboratory. this is inconvenient and for pregnant women often impossible to arrange, considering the short time frame that exists between time of pih diagnosis and eventual delivery. researchers at the university of saskatchewan are now looking at whether an adequate sleep assessment can be performed at the bedside - either in a patient's home or on the hospital ward. the researchers will also look at different treatment options for sleep apnea, to see if these can improve blood pressure control in this patient population, and delay the need for early delivery. the information from this study may result in a detailed sleep assessment becoming part of the complete assessment of women with pih. there is an association between sleep disordered breathing (sdb) and gestational hypertension (ghtn). treatment for the sdb may represent an effective addition to the management of the cardiovascular and metabolic perturbations of ghtn we plan to assess women whether treating sdb with one of two methods will improve the management of ghtn. we will also assess if one method is more effective than the other.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women with singleton pregnancies who have the diagnosis of gestational hypertension. exclusion criteria: * inability to comply with study parameters * delivery expected within 48 hours

Keywords: sleep disordered breathing obstructive sleep apnea gestational hypertension preeclampsia
exercise intervention to improve quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer; Fatigue; Quality of Life

Summary: the purpose of this study was to explore the 12-week effectiveness of home exercise intervention for colorectal cancer patients in improving fatigue, sleep, muscle endurance, and quality of life. a. explore the effect of "12-week home exercise intervention" in improving the fatigue of colorectal cancer patients. b. explore the effect of "12-week home exercise intervention" in improving the sleep quality of patients with colorectal cancer. c. explore the effect of "12-week home exercise intervention" in improving the muscle endurance of patients with colorectal cancer. d. explore the effect of "12-week home exercise intervention" in improving the quality of life of colorectal cancer patients.

the study was conducted at the colon and rectal outpatient departments. a randomized controlled trial design was adopted. the participants were divided into an interventional group and a conventional therapy control group based on block randomization in a 1:1 ratio. data were collected when patients returned to the clinic.

Eligibility criteria:
a. inclusion criteria 1. above the age of 20, with colorectal cancer pathological stage in situ, i, ii, and iii. 2. coherent, with no mental abnormalities. 3. able to read mandarin or communicate in mandarin and taiwanese to complete the questionnaire. 4. provided informed consent. 5. no physical disabilities. b. exclusion criteria 1. acute inflammation of the limbs and joints. 2. previous abdominal surgery within 3 months. 3. symptomatic cardiovascular events. 4. long-term anti-depressant drug use. 5. unilateral restrictions of the upper or lower limbs. 6. history of medium- or high-intensity exercise for more than half a year. 7. having colostoma or ileostoma.

Keywords: elastic band training colorectal cancer exercises
a trial to compare the effectiveness of two rehabilitation programs for multiple sclerosis patients

Conditions: Multiple Sclerosis

Summary: the purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two rehabilitation programs (one month) in patients with multiple sclerosis. the first program is combined with physiotherapy, endurance training and resistance training. the second one is physiotherapy in private practice. another purpose is to assess the length of the benefits of the combined program.

this study will include 240 patients with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and with an expanded disability status scale ≤ 5. patients will be divided into 2 groups, according to a randomization design. at recruitment (j0), after rehabilitation (m1) and at follow up (m3 and m6) each patient will be tested for the primary and secondary outcomes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18 year or over * able to walk independently without use of assistance 200 meters expanded disability status scale ≤5 * no relapse within the last three months * no current or recent (six months) participation in intensive rehabilitation * no recent modification (six months) of medications for ms * patients who received and signed information and informed consent exclusion criteria: * cognitive impairments which could interfere with the ability to fully engage the rehabilitation program. * recent involvement (three months) in another interventional research study * a complicating medical condition or orthopedic diagnosis that limits rehabilitation * cardiac or respiratory disease that interfere with endurance training * patient with safety measure * pregnant women, breastfeeding * no affiliation to a social security

Keywords: multiple sclerosis rehabilitation chronic evolutive disease physiotherapy resistance training endurance training
diaphragmatic echography in critically ill patients

Conditions: Respiratory Failure

Summary: acute respiratory failure (arf) is characterised by a discrepancy between load imposed on respiratory muscles and their capacity. recently, diaphragmatic ultrasonography has been introduced in the clinical practice to evaluate diaphragmatic function. in particular, the investigators will focus on diaphragmatic displacement measured by m-mode ultrasonography. the aim of this study was to compare the diaphragmatic displacement with traditional weaning parameters in potentially ready to be extubated patients undergoing a spontaneous breathing trial (sbt).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * mechanically ventilated since more than 24 hours * clinical improvement of the underlying acute cause of the respiratory failure * adequate cough reflex * absence of excessive and/or purulent tracheobronchial secretion * stable cardiovascular status * stable metabolic status * adequate pulmonary function * adequate mentation exclusion criteria: * age \<18 years * pregnancy * presence of thoracostomy, pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum * presence of flail chest or rib fractures * neuromuscular disease * use of muscle-paralyzing agents within 48 hours before the study * history or new detection of paralysis or paradoxical movement of a single hemi-diaphragm on diaphragm ultrasonography

Keywords: diaphragm ultrasound critically ill patients
high definition versus chromoendoscopy for dysplasia detection in ulcerative colitis (uc)

Conditions: Ulcerative Colitis

Summary: patients with ulcerative colitis (uc) have an increased risk for colorectal cancer (crc) compared to the general population. regular screening by colonoscopy is an internationally recommended cancer prevention strategy. random sampling of the mucosa throughout the colon has been the mainstay of conventional surveillance practice to detect abnormalities, known as dysplasia which can progress to crc. this requires multiple biopsies, to be taken and processed, a practice which is is tedious, expensive, time consuming and has a low pickup rate. dysplasia in uc is typically flat and patchy and can be easily overlooked with standard conventional white light colonoscopy (wlc). detection can be improved by the application of dyes which highlight more subtle abnormalities. this practice, known as chromoendoscopy (ce) is better than wlc at dysplasia detection but more time consuming for the patient and cannot guarantee that the whole colon is covered. ce has only been compared in clinical trials with standard definition endoscopy rather than the recently available high definition endoscopes with better resolution and picture. high definition (hd) endoscopy uses a high definition onitor and a high resolution ccd (charge coupled device) providing much better images than standard video endoscopy. hd colonoscopy promises therefore to provide an alternative to ce in uc surveillance without the need for the extra time and experience required for dye spraying for both endoscopists and nursing staff. the investigators plan to do a randomized trial to assess hd colonoscopy alone compared to chromoendoscopy (with hd colonoscopies) for dysplasia detection during surveillance for ulcerative colitis. there have been no trials comparing these two modalities and the investigators hope to provide evidence that the additional benefit of ce over hd colonoscopy would be marginal and therefore ce would be reserved for procedures using standard definition scopes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with longstanding (more than 10 years), extensive (extending proximal to the splenic flexure) colitis attending for surveillance colonoscopy. * patients over 18 years of age exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * unwilling or unable to give informed consent * severe active colitis (as assessed by the endoscopist)
water-based versus land-based exercise for breast cancer survivors

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: physical activity and exercise have demonstrated to be an integral part of the cancer-continuum care. despite strong evidence suggesting that both endurance and strength training should be encourage in cancer patients, there is still controversy regarding exercise dosage, frequency, volume and optimal environment of delivery. in this randomised controlled trial we aim to compare water-based versus land-based exercise in breast cancer survivors to decrease cancer-related fatigue (crf), improve health-related quality of life (hrqol), exercise tolerance, muscle strength and physical activity levels.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * breast cancer patients post cancer treatment (at least for 6 months) * cancer-free at the time of recruitment * signed informed consent * living in the metropolitan area of barcelona exclusion criteria: * fear of water * receiving cancer therapy at the time of recruitment * not willing to participate/refuse to sign informed consent * physical of cognitive impairments precluding the patient to perform the exercises

Keywords: exercise therapy aquatic therapy health-related quality of life cancer-related fatigue exercise tolerance physical activity
safe threshold to discontinue phototherapy in hemolytic disease of newborn

Conditions: Hemolytic Disease of Newborn; Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia

Summary: we hypothesized that adopting a lower rather than a higher threshold for phototherapy discontinuation will be associated with reduced rates of rebound hyperbilirubinemia in term and late preterm neonates with hemolytic disease of newborn. objectives: the investigators aimed to compare the safety of implementing low-threshold, compared to high- threshold, of tsb for phototherapy interruption in term and late preterm neonates with hemolytic disease of newborn.

neonates in high-threshold group phototherapy will be ceased if tsb level is 50-100 µmol/l below the appropriate 2004 aap phototherapy threshold, whereas neonates in the low-threshold group phototherapy will be stopped if tsb reached ˃100 µmol/l below the aap threshold. phototherapy will be commenced for neonates in both groups according to aap guidelines.neonates will be treated with intensified overhead blue leds phototherapy if they have a tsb level at or above phototherapy threshold. neonates will be started on intensified 360◦ led phototherapy if they have tsb level within 50µmol/l below the exchange threshold. the administration of ivig is indicated in infants with isoimmune hemolytic disease if tsb lies within 34 to 51 micromol/l of the threshold for exchange transfusion and not responding to initial intensified phototherapy.infants with a tsb concentration above the thresholds for exchange should have immediate intensified 360◦ led phototherapy, and preparation for exchange transfusion will be started.infants showed clinical signs of acute bilirubin encephalopathy will have an immediate exchange transfusion.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: healthy term and late-preterm neonates more than or equal 35 weeks gestation with hemolytic disease of newborn will be included. enrolled infants should have evidence of hemolysis as defined by any of the following criteria: 1. positive dat and blood group iso-immunization (abo / rh incompatibility);and /or 2. hgb decline by 2g/dl within 24hour. exclusion criteria: * major congenital abnormalities, * surgical problems, * direct hyperbilirubinemia * sepsis

Keywords: jaundice newborn hyperbilirubinemia rebound hyperbilirubinemia phototherapy hemolysis
safety and efficacy of orm-12741 in patients with alzheimer's disease

Conditions: Alzheimer's Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether orm-12741 is safe and effective in the treatment of alzheimer's disease.

the purpose of this study is to determine whether orm-12741 is safe and effective in the treatment of cognitive and behavioral symptoms in patients with alzheimer's disease.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * informed consent obtained from the patient and legally acceptable representative, if required * informed consent obtained from the caregiver * males and and females between 55-90 years * diagnosis of probable alzheimer's disease, history of progressive cognitive deterioration * brain imaging consistent with alzheimer's disease * mini-mental state examination score 12-21 * treated with donepezil, rivastigmine or galantamine * at least mild level of behavioral symptoms exclusion criteria: * other types of dementias * modified hachinski ischemia score \> 4 * use of memantine, antipsychotics, anticholinergic medication and benzodiazepines (at a max of 3 nights/week) within 2 months * changes in antidepressant dosing within 2 months * use of other psychotropic agents * myocardial infarction within the past 2 years * malignancy within the past 5 years * suicidal ideation, risk of suicide * history of alcoholism or drug abuse within 5 years * clinically significant cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, hepatic, renal, neurological or psychiatric disorder or any other major concurrent illness * specific findings in brain imaging * abnormal findings in heart rate, blood pressure, ecg, laboratory tests, physical examination; orthostatic hypotension * blood donation or participation in a drug study within 60 days * previous ad immunotherapy treatment * patient cannot complete the computerised cognitive training * patients who reside in a skilled nursing facility * patients who are not able to swallow capsules