Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
evaluation of mitochondrial dysfunction in severe burn and trauma patients

Conditions: Burns; Trauma

Summary: the purpose of this project is to evaluate the level of mitochondrial dysfunction several patient populations: burn, trauma, and control group of healthy volunteers. study hypothesis: increased plasma concentrations of a newly discovered inflammatory mediated, called mtdna damps associated with the occurrence of multi-organ dysfunction syndrome in severly injured patients. as the severity of a burn injury or trauma injury increase, so will systemic mitochondrial dysfunction.

increased plasma concentrations of a newly discovered inflammatory mediated, called mtdna damps associated with the occurrence of multi-organ dysfunction syndrome in severly injured patients. a normal healthy sub-population will be used as a control.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * burn injury must be less than 24 hours old at time of initial sampling * burn must be 2nd or 3rd degree and at least 10% tbsa * iss (injury severity score) \> 15 exclusion criteria: * burn injury/trauma injury \> than 24hours old at time of initial sampling * burn \< 10% total body surface area. * evidence of active infection on admission in the burn subjects. * \ 70 years

Keywords: burns trauma
computer-assisted counseling in helping african american smokers stop smoking

Conditions: Lung Cancer

Summary: rationale: stop-smoking plans using a nicotine patch, in-person counseling, and computer-assisted counseling may help people stop smoking. purpose: this randomized clinical trial is studying how well computer-assisted counseling helps african american smokers stop smoking.

objectives: * develop and evaluate the efficacy of an interactive, culturally sensitive, individualized, palmtop computer-delivered smoking cessation intervention for african american smokers. * examine how hypothesized treatment mechanisms mediate the effects of computer-delivered treatment on abstinence. outline: this is a randomized study. a subset of 20 participants are assigned to arm ii for pilot testing. all other participants are randomized to 1 of 2 intervention arms. * arm i (standard care \[sc\]): participants receive nicotine patch therapy on days -5 to 31. participants also receive a pathways to freedom self-help guide and undergo 5 in-person counseling sessions based on the treating tobacco use and dependence clinical practice guideline. the counseling sessions occur at 12 and 5 days prior to the quit smoking date and at 3, 10, and 31 days after the quit smoking date. * arm ii (computer-delivered treatment \[cdt\]): participants receive the same intervention as in arm i. participants also undergo cdt for 6 weeks comprising 5 modules (quitting strategies; motivation and support; general smoking information; calendars and fun stuff; and daily tips) beginning 12 days prior to the quit smoking date and continuing for 31 days after the quit smoking date. all participants complete questionnaires at baseline, during the counseling sessions, and then at approximately 6 months after the quit smoking date. after completion of study intervention, participants are followed at approximately 6 months. projected accrual: a total of 500 participants will be accrued for this study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. african american 2. age 21 to 65 years 3. current smoker (history of at least 5 cigarettes/day for the last year) 4. motivated to quit within the next 14 days 5. participants must provide a viable home address and functioning home telephone number 6. can speak, read, write in english at a sixth-grade literacy level 7. provide viable collateral contact information 8. register "8" or more on a carbon monoxide breath test exclusion criteria: 1. contraindication for nicotine patch use 2. active substance dependence (exclusive of nicotine dependence) 3. regular use of tobacco products other than cigarettes (cigars, pipes, smokeless) 4. use of bupropion or nicotine products other than nicotine patches supplied by the study 5. pregnancy or lactation 6. any active illness that precludes full participation in the study protocol 7. another household member enrolled in the study

Keywords: non-small cell lung cancer small cell lung cancer
non-mesh versus mesh method for inguinal hernia repair

Conditions: Hernia, Inguinal

Summary: the study aims at establishing the effectiveness of the non-mesh (desarda) technique for the treatment of primary inguinal hernias at mulago hospital in uganda. first developed and used in india, the desarda method is reported to offer superior outcomes such as minimal postoperative groin pain and near zero recurrence rates. in comparison to the mesh-based repairs, it is a simple and affordable technique suitable for the resource-constrained communities. it is devoid of complications associated with foreign body implants. early clinical outcomes which include acute groin pain, time to resumption of normal gait, operative time and complications will be assessed. participants will be followed at 2 hours, 3 days, 7 days and 14 days postoperatively. the investigators hypothesize that the mean postoperative acute groin pain score, or the mean postoperative day of return to normal gait is different in adult patients who undergo the non-mesh (desarda) repair from what it is in those who undergo the mesh (lichtenstein) technique of hernia repair.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 18 and above; * with a primary, reducible inguinal or inguino-scrotal hernia; * who consent to participate in the study; * who have a telephone contact. exclusion criteria: * giant inguino-scrotal hernias; * obstructive uropathy or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; * impaired mental state and are unable to give an accurate assessment of the key outcomes of the operation.

Keywords: inguinal hernia hernia-repair non-mesh mesh desarda lichtenstein
emergence of generative language

Conditions: Autism Spectrum Disorder

Summary: the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of several applied behavior teaching procedures on the use of multi-word utterances by children with autism.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (asd) * provide a diagnostic report confirming a diagnosis of asd and/or obtain a total raw score of 15 or greater on the social questionnaire lifetime form (scq) * speaks primarily in one word utterances * english as their primary language * follows simple 1-step instructions * transportation/availability to attend 3, 1-hour sessions each week for 12 weeks exclusion criteria: * children with significant problem behavior that interferes with structured intervention

Keywords: asd, children
co-trimoxazole as maintenance therapy for melioidosis

Conditions: Melioidosis

Summary: this is a randomised, open-labelled, controlled trial to compare the efficacy and effectiveness on relapse-free rate of 12-week versus 20-week oral eradication treatment of melioidosis. the study population includes 800 patients with culture-confirmed melioidosis whom 12 weeks of oral eradication therapy have been completed with or without intravenous intensive antibiotics. patients will be randomised to either stop the eradication treatment or continue current oral treatment for 8 more weeks. the study aim to optimise the regimen used to treat melioidosis for better compliance and reducing unnecessary use of antibiotics.

planed interim analysis will be conducted when the patient enrollment reaches 600 cases for evaluating safety and futility of the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age \> 15 years 2. culture-confirmed melioidosis 3. currently on oral co-trimoxazole for 12(+2) weeks without any clinical evidence of active melioidosis 4. high likelihood of completing at least 6 months follow up 5. willingness to participate in the study and written, informed consent obtained from the patient exclusion criteria: 1. pregnancy or breast feeding 2. contraindications to tmp-smx: g6pd, severe adverse reactions grade 3-4 occurring during first 12 weeks of treatment 3. relapse melioidosis with at least 2 year symptom free period from last episode

Keywords: melioidosis co-trimoxazole relapse
a multi-centre evaluation of the performance of window dressings on subjects with high risk pressure ulceration

Conditions: Pressure Ulcer

Summary: this study will be conducted in approximately 26 subjects in uk to yield 20 evaluable subjects at 3 sites with approximately 5-10 subjects/site. subjects with acute vascular, surgical and orthopaedic medical care in the elderly admission, with a high risk to develop skin breakdown or subjects with category 1 pressure ulcer can be enrolled in this investigation. the rational for this study is to evaluate the potential for window in the prevention of pressure ulcers because of its ability to reduce shear and friction forces.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. acute vascular, surgical, orthopaedic, medical or care of the elderly admission 2. aged 18 years or over 3. have an expected total length of stay of 5 or more days 4. at high risk of pu development due to one or more of the following * bedfast/chairfast and completely immobile/very limited mobility * category 1 pu on any pressure area skin site (see appendix g) 5. give their written, informed consent to participate 6. expected to be able to comply with follow-up schedule exclusion criteria: 1. risk area which doesn't fit the dressing size 6\*7cm, 10\*12 cm and 15\*20cm 2. subject has category 2-4 pressure ulcer 3. subject has documented skin disease at time of enrolment, as judged by the investigator 4. known allergy/hypersensitivity to any of the components in the dressing 5. previous enroled in the present study 6. subject included in other ongoing clinical investigation at present, as judged by the investigator

Keywords: no skin breakdown prevention protection of the skin
combined effects of virtual reality and motor imagery techniques with routine physical therapy in post stroke patients

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: stroke a devastating neurological condition, causing severe neurological challenges such as balance issues, motor function and cognitive deficits among survivors and can cause disability and death. the use of virtual reality and motor imagery in rehabilitation of neurologic disorders is on the rise. in stroke patients, vr and mi combination has not been studied. this study aims to investigate the combined effects of virtual reality and motor imagery techniques with routine physical therapy in patients with post stroke patients.

this randomized control trial will be conducted at safi hospital faisalabad in 7 months after the approval of synopsis, involving a sample size of 75 participants selected through convenience sampling based on the inclusion criteria. participants will be randomly assigned to three groups using lottery method, in which group a, will receive virtual reality and motor imagery training in conjunction with routine physical therapy three days a week for 12 weeks. group b will receive vr and routine physical therapy, supplemented by 10-15 minutes of cycling and walking and group c will receive routine physical therapy with mi techniques, along with 10-15 minutes of cycling and walking. fugal-meyer scale will be used to motor function, berg balance scale for balance and barthel index will be used to assess activities of daily living. assessment will be carried out at baseline, 6th week, 8th week and at 12th week and at 16th week after the discontinuation of treatment. the data will be entered and analyzed by using spss 26

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. clinical diagnosis of stroke of any etiology 2. age between 40 to 65 years 3. both genders 4. at least 6 months post-stroke onset 5. able to follow and understand visual and verbal commands. 6. hemiparetic 7. no prior experience with vr-based rehabilitation. 8. able to walk with the use of walking aids or assistive devices. 9. mini-mental state examination (mmse) score equal to or greater than 24 exclusion criteria: 1. presence of aphasia, apraxia, and hemineglect 2. serious cardiovascular disease (heart failure, arrhythmias, angina pectoris or myocardial infarction) 3. cerebellar lesion 4. multiple brain accidents 5. muscular disorder effect upper and lower extremities 6. history of seizures or epilepsy. 7. patients whose injury occurred fewer than 6 months previously, considering the expected time for spontaneous recovery; 8. patients with associated disorders such as epilepsy, and sensory and perceptual deficits such as hemineglect and pusher syndrome; 9. patients with osteo degenerative disorders that would prevent participation in the games or that could influence the body balance; and individuals who had cognitive and communication disorders, affecting understanding, that could compromise performance in the games 10. inability to commit to the study schedule or attend the required therapy sessions

Keywords: activities of daily living stroke motor control randomized clinical trial
metabolic differences of an oral and intravenous dose of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-ohb).

Conditions: Healthy; Incretin Effect; Ketosis

Summary: an open-labeled intervention study testing healthy, lean, and male volunteers on two separate occasions: 1. blood sampling after consuming 36 gram 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-ohb) salt. 2. blood sampling while given a variable rate of 3-ohb salt intravenously to replicate the concentrations seen during oral consumption. the primary outcome is differences in insulin concentrations (incremental auc) 180 minutes after 3-ohb consumed orally vs. intravenously. secondary outcomes includes iauc for other gastrointestinal hormones and substrates (glucagon, glp-1, gip, glucose, and 3-ohb) gastric emptying will be evaluated using 1500 mg paracetamol consumption before each intervention day. urine will be analyzed for ketone concentrations/excretion rates.

an open-labeled intervention study testing healthy, lean, and male volunteers on two separate occasions with at least 48 hours apart. 1. blood sampling after consuming 36 gram 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-ohb) salt. 2. blood sampling while given a variable rate of 3-ohb salt intravenously to replicate the concentrations seen during oral consumption. the primary outcome is differences in insulin concentrations (incremental auc) 180 minutes after 3-ohb consumed orally vs. intravenously. secondary outcomes includes iauc for other gastrointestinal hormones and substrates (glucagon, glp-1, gip, glucose, and 3-ohb) gastric emptying will be evaluated using 1500 mg paracetamol consumption before each intervention day. urine will be analyzed for ketone concentrations/excretion rates.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy * 19\<bmi\<30 * written og oral consent * no allergies to paracetamol exclusion criteria: * chronic disease or daily medical treatment * daily intake of ketones or ketogenic diets * speaks and understands danish * screening blood sample abnormalities
grinding versus standard methods for the treatment of per-operative bacteriological samples associated with osteo-articular sepsis

Conditions: Bacterial Infection

Summary: the main objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic capability (sensitivity and specificity) of standard bacteriological analysis made from one or other of the two sampling processing techniques and perioperative management of samples : the ultra turrax method that uses grinding versus the standard method.

the secondary objectives of this study are to: a. compare the two techniques in terms of bacterial species identified. b. compare the diagnostic capabilities (sensitivity and specificity) of the two sample processing techniques depending on the type of analyzed samples (soft tissue, bone tissue) (subgroup analysis). c. compare the diagnostic capabilities (sensitivity and specificity) of the two sample processing techniques depending on the type of joint (subgroup analysis). d. compare the diagnostic capabilities (sensitivity and specificity) of the two sample processing techniques depending on the type of implanted materials (prosthesis versus other equipment) (subgroup analysis). e. develop a culture collection of bacteria isolated from infection osteo-articular protheses.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the patient must be insured or beneficiary of a health insurance plan * the patient is cared for in the operating theater because of a suspicion of an osteo-articular infection involving any type of material (protheses, screws, plates) and requiring bacteriological sampling * the patient has not taken any antibiotics within the past 15 days exclusion criteria: * the patient is participating in another study * the patient is in an exclusion period determined by a previous study * the patient is under judicial protection * it is impossible to correctly inform the patient * the patient is pregnant, parturient, or breastfeeding * the subject presents with an osteo-articulaire infection without material * systematic samplings from reversals of aseptic prostheses * second intervention for the same patient

Keywords: protheses, nails, screws or plates
premature rupture of membranes with a bishop score<6: comparison of medical induction/expectant management

Conditions: Medical Induction of Labor Affecting Newborn

Summary: the study is intended to compare expectant management and on presentation labor induction in women with premature rupture of membranes. the means of labor induction and cervical ripening are either oxytocin or dinoprostone. expectant management in this obstetrical state means waiting 24 hours from the onset of rupture of membranes and then commencing labor induction with either oxytocin or dinoprostone depending on the patient's obstetrical history and cervical condition. the investigators' hypothesis is that active management will lead to a higher rate of vaginal deliveries, a shorter interval between the time of rupture of membranes and the time of delivery, a lower rate of cesarean sections and a better obstetric result for the mother and the fetus/newborn.

in the setting of premature rupture of membranes in term pregnancies, it is customary in women who are not in active labor to wait for 24 hours before attempting to induce labor. the means of labor induction used at our medical center are either intravenous oxytocin or per-vaginal dinoprostone, depending on patient's obstetric history and cervical conditions. the investigators hypothesize that commencing induction of labor at presentation in these women by either means of induction will lead to higher rates of vaginal delivery, shorter intervals between the time of onset of rupture of membranes and the time of delivery and lower rates of cesarean sections. the participants in the study, upon signing informed consents, will be randomized to 4 groups-2 groups of expectant management in which labor induction will be commenced after 24 hours with either oxytocin or dinoprostone and 2 groups of active management in which labor induction will be commenced at presentation with either oxytocin or dinoprostone. the participants will be followed from the time of presentation with rupture of membranes at the delivery room and until the time of delivery. further obstetric, clinical and demographic information will be acquired from the patient's electronic medical file for analysis accuracy and sub-analysis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * term pregnancies \>37 weeks of gestation. * certain rupture of membranes. * bishop score \< 6. * singleton pregnancies. * vertex presentation. * no obstetric or clinical contraindications for labor induction. * reactive non stress test on presentation. exclusion criteria: * previous cesarean section. * previous uterine surgeries (myomectomy etc.). * placenta previa. * multiple gestation pregnancies. * pregnancies with history of fetal reduction or intrapartum uterine fetal demise. * known fetal defects/chromosomal abnormalities. * active genital herpes. * hiv carrier. * contractions that are less than 10 minutes apart.
satisfaction and recovery after distal radius fracture

Conditions: Distal Radius Fracture

Summary: distal radius fracture is the most common fracture in sweden, but little is known about the patient's experience of pain and hand function during the first three months after the injury. this observational study will provide detailed information on a daily basis regarding pain, use of analgesic drugs, use of splints and hand function as measured weekly by a condition-specific questionnaire.

two hundred patients who are treated conservatively in a cast and one hundred patients who have undergone surgery will be asked to complete a questionnaire with the following outcome measures for three months: 1. pain (day-by-day registration on a likert scale, range 0-10) 2. analgesic used (day-by-day registration of specific drug, dose and number) 3. prwe (patient reported wrist evaluation form, week-by-week registration) 4. use of and evaluation of efficacy of prefabricated wrist splints (week-by-week registration) 5. details of sick leave and return to work at completion of the questionnaire at three months. the study is entirely prom-based and the patient will not require any additional appointments.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * unilateral distal radius fractures in patients without any other significant injuries regardless of ligament injuries and ulnar fractures. * signed written consent exclusion criteria: * compound injuries * open fractures * patients with post traumatic function deficits at any level in the affected arm prior to the distal radius fracture. * patients with function deficits in the affected arm due to other medical conditions (e.g. parkinsons disease, rheumatoid arthritis) * reduced mental capacity (e.g. dementia, substance abuse)

Keywords: wrist function recovery
pilot study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 5-ala-sfc in type ii diabetes

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: the aim of this pilot study is to assess the safety and preliminary efficacy of 5-ala - sfc at doses up to 200 mg per day in subjects with type ii diabetes.

the primary objective is to assess the safety of 5-ala - sfc at doses up to 200 mg per day in subjects with type ii diabetes mellitus. safety will be assessed by the incidence of adverse events and clinically significant laboratory results. the secondary objective is to assess the efficacy of 5-ala-sfc at doses up to 200 mg per day on glycemic control in subjects with type ii diabetes mellitus. efficacy measures will include fasting plasma glucose level, hba1c level, lipid profile, and body weight.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. males and females residing in bahrain aged 20 to 75 years old 2. otherwise in good health in the opinion of the investigator based on results of medical history, physical exam and laboratory assessments 3. diagnosed with type ii diabetes mellitus with hba1c \>6.5 and \<10% which is uncontrolled despite the use of one or more glycemia-lowering drugs 4. bmi ≤44 kg/m2 5. sitting bp ≤ 160/100mm hg 6. sleep apnea screening is negative 7. ophthalmological exam is within normal limits as judged by the investigator. if findings are observed, they must be judged as not clinically significant. 8. female subjects are not pregnant, not breast-feeding, and if of childbearing potential, have agreed to use an acceptable method of birth control exclusion criteria: 1. liver dysfunction defined as liver function tests \>1.5 times upper limit of normal 2. renal dysfunction defined as bun and/or serum creatinine \>1.5 times upper limit of normal and/or egfr \<30 ml/min/1.73 m2 3. history of any life-threatening disease, cardiovascular disease, viral hepatitis, porphyria or hemochromatosis 4. allergy to ala, sfc, or any other component of study product 5. use of insulin for management of serum glucose 6. hypoglycemic event within the previous 3 months, defined as serum glucose levels less than 70 mg/dl 7. history of sickle cell anemia disease