Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effect of acarbose and vildagliptin on visceral fat distribution in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Obesity

Summary: focusing on newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes participants with overweight and obesity (24kg/m2 ≤ body mass index ≤ 30kg/m2). 50 participants per arm (acarbose \& lifestyle combination / vildagliptin \& lifestyle combination), using abdominal computed tomography scans and other methods to evaluate the effects of acarbose and vildagliptin on visceral fat distribution in overweight and obesity patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients was diagnosed within the past 12 months with type 2 diabetes patients (who, 1999 criteria ). * not received oral anti-diabetic drugs or has been on short-term(1month) treatment that had been discontinued 3 months before enrollment. * 30 ≤ age ≤ 70 years old, male or female. * hba1c between 7% and 9% (7.0% ≤ hba1c ≤9.0%). * 24 ≤ bmi ≤ 30 kg/m2. * written informed consent. exclusion criteria: * subject with type 1 diabetes or gestational diabetes mellitus and other specific types dm. * those who can not tolerate agi or who is suffering gi disease. * subject with repeated severe hypoglycemia and/or unawareness of hypoglycemia. * known or suspected allergy to trial product(s) or related products. * females of child bearing potential who are pregnant, breast-feeding or have the intention of becoming pregnant or not using adequate contraceptive methods throughout the trial * impaired liver function, defined as alt≥2 or ast≥ 2 times upper referenced limit times upper normal limit. * any other clinically significant condition or major systemic diseases, including serious coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, cancer, tb, acute infection. * endocrine diseases (hypo thyroidism, hyperthyroidism,cushing's syndrome). * uncontrolled hypertension(sbp≥180mmhg and/or dbp≥100mmhg). * diabetic ketoacidosis; or hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma. * concomitant treatment which influences blood glucose and bodyweight. * impaired renal function(cr≥ 1.5 mg/dl in male or cr≥1.4 mg/dl in female). * mental disorders; drug or other substance misuse. * participation in any drug clinical trials during the past 3 months before enrolment.

Keywords: visceral fat
remifentanil versus propofol for tci sedation of patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures

Conditions: Pain

Summary: the purpose of this study was to compare remifentanil and propofol for sedation of patients during endoscopic gastrointestinal procedures.

the administration of sedation with target controlled infusion (tci) systems could offer a safe alternative for the management of discomfort of patients undergoing endoscopic gastrointestinal procedures. however, what medication from those available for tci would be the most appropriate is not known. sixty-nine patients requiring a gastrointestinal endoscopic procedure were randomly assigned to receive a tci effect site (e) of remifentanil (n=30) or propofol (n=39). the primary outcome was patient satisfaction. secondary outcomes included gastroenterologist satisfaction, the proportion of adverse events between the two groups were compared (occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias, mild respiratory depression, major respiratory depression, bradycardia, hypotension, pain, nausea or vomiting, and lack of amnesia), and the level of consciousness.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient undergoing elective higher, lower or mixed gastrointestinal endoscopy at hospital de san jose, bogota, between january and december 2010. * be between 18 and 70 years old. * american society of anesthesiology physical status classification between 1 and 3. * provide written informed consent. exclusion criteria: * patients with difficult airway indicators. * pregnant women. * patients with chronic pain. * chronic opioid or benzodiazepine users (\>3 months). * allergy history to remifentanil or propofol or eggs. * psychoactive drug users. * smokers (\> 5 cigarettes per day in the previous 3 months). * body mass index \> 30.

Keywords: remifentanil propofol sedation endoscopy gastroenterology target controlled infusion effect site
effect of saturated fat on large low-density lipoprotein (ldl) and high-density lipoprotein (hdl)

Conditions: Dyslipidemia

Summary: the purpose of the study is to test whether increased saturated fat intake results in increased levels of larger ldl and hdl particles in individuals with ldl pattern b.

increased saturated fat intake is known to elevate plasma levels of both low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-c) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c), however, less is know regarding the effect of saturated fat on lipoprotein subclasses. we previously showed that, in the context of a reduced carbohydrate diet, saturated fat induced increases in ldl cholesterol were apparently due to increases in large, more buoyant ldl without increases in small, dense ldl. this finding was supported by a previous dietary intervention study showing a correlation between saturated fat intake and large ldl. in both cases, this increase in large ldl was correlated with an increase in large hdl. in this study, we will test the following specific hypotheses regarding changes in plasma lipoproteins induced by a diet high in myristic acid and other saturated fats derived primarily from dairy sources in individuals with ldl subclass pattern b: 1) there will be a coordinate increase in levels of large hdl particles that are considered anti-atherogenic and large ldl particles that are less strongly associated with increased cvd risk than smaller ldl; 2) this change in lipoprotein profile will result in a higher proportion of pattern b individuals converting to ldl subclass pattern a (predominance of larger ldl); and 3) the coordinate increase in large hdl and ldl is due to a common underlying pathway. the latter hypothesis will be addressed by assaying cholesterol ester transfer protein (cetp), hepatic lipase (hl), and lipoprotein lipase (lpl).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men or postmenopausal woman between 18-70 yrs * body mass index between 25-35 * blood pressure \<150/90 * non smoking * agrees to consume no alcohol or dietary supplements during the study * ldl subclass pattern b * total cholesterol and ldlc ≤95th percentile for sex and age * fasting triglycerides ≤ 500mg/dl * fasting blood sugar \< 126 mg/dl * at least 3 months weight stable exclusion criteria: * history of coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, bleeding disorder, liver or renal disease, diabetes, lung disease, hiv, or cancer (other than skin) in the last 5 years * taking drugs known to affect lipid metabolism or hormones * abnormal thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh)

Keywords: saturated fat ldl size large ldl large hdl
measurement variability of liver metastases from neuroendocrine tumors on different magnetic resonance imaging sequences

Conditions: Neuroendocrine Tumors

Summary: the aim of our study is to assess variability of measurements of liver metastases from neuroendocrine tumors (net) on different magnetic resonance imaging (mri) sequences. in this institutional review board-approved retrospective study from january 2011 to december 2012, all liver mris performed at our department in patients with proven liver metastases from nets and with at least one measurable lesion according to response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (recist 1.1) were included.

the aim of our study is to assess variability of measurements of liver metastases from neuroendocrine tumors (net) on different magnetic resonance imaging (mri) sequences. in this institutional review board-approved retrospective study from january 2011 to december 2012, all liver mris performed at our department in patients with proven liver metastases from nets and with at least one measurable lesion according to response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (recist 1.1) were included. up to two lesions were selected by an independent radiologist on t2-weighted images and marked by an arrow. three reviewers (attending radiologist r1, fellow r2, senior r3) independently obtained long axis measurements of 135 metastases in 30 patients, on t2, diffusion-weighted imaging (dwi) with three b values (50, 400, 800), arterial, portal and late phases after gadolinium ), and during two distant separate sessions. intraclass correlation coefficients and bland-altman plots were used to assess intra-and interobserver variability.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria : * patients with liver metastasis from neuroendocrine tumor * patients with a magnetic resonance imaging in reims university hospital * patients with at least one measurable lesion according to response evaluation criteria in solid tumors

Keywords: neuroendocrine tumor
using e-nose technology to measure response to treatment in people with malignant pleural mesothelioma

Conditions: Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

Summary: the researchers are doing this study to test the ability of a new technology called breathprinting, or electronic nose (e-nose), to measure how people respond to standard treatment for malignant pleural mesothelioma (mpm). the researchers will study how e-nose breathprints change over time as people receive standard treatment for mpm. they will also look at how changes in people's e-nose breathprints compare to changes in their standard imaging scans and in biomarkers of mpm in their blood.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 30-85 years * no history of thoracic cancer or extrathoracic cancer potentially involving pleural metastases (i.e., breast, gastric, colon, or pancreas cancer) * recent diagnosis of mpm * documented, signed, and dated informed consent, obtained before any procedures, for the proposed research study, and signed standard surgical consent for surgical resection exclusion criteria: * aged \ 85 years at the first outpatient visit * history of thoracic or extrathoracic cancer that puts the subject at risk for pleural or pulmonary metastases

Keywords: breathprinting (e-nose) technology mpm-specific volatile organic compounds 23-100
effect of pulse width on scar treatment using a 595-nm pulsed dye laser

Conditions: Keloids; Hypertrophic Scars

Summary: to investigate the effect of pulse width on the treatment response of keloidal and hypertrophic sternotomy scars to a 595-nm pulsed dye laser

the pulse width of the previous model of pulsed dye laser was fixed at 0.45 millisecond, whereas the pulse widths of the latest model of pdl are tunable ranging between 0.45-40 milliseconds. the long-pulsed pdl has been proven to be safe and more effective in treating certain vascular abnormalities including adult port-wine-stain and small leg vein.9-12 in the present study, we would like to investigate the effect of pulse widths on the treatment response of keloidal and hypertrophic sternotomy scars to the 595-nm pdl.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy, adult subjects aged above 18. * subjects must be in good health as determined by the investigator. * presence of keloidal and hypertrophic sternotomy scars for at least 6 months * subjects must have no prior treatment of the scar within 1 month before the first treatment session. * subject or authorized representative must sign informed consent form prior to study enrollment. exclusion criteria: * female subjects known to be pregnant. * subjects with scleroderma, connective tissue disorders, hematologic disorders, hepatitis, infection, or uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. * subjects with photosensitive dermatoses such as systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) * subjects with a documented positive hiv test. * subjects who are on any types of anticoagulants. * subjects who are habitual smokers of cigars, pipe tobacco, or cigarettes. * subjects with history of radiation treatment at treatment sites. * subjects who use of any types of treatment of scars at the treatment site within one month before the first treatment visit. * subjects who are on medication that may interfere with wound healing or hemostasis. * subjects that have not signed the informed consent form.

Keywords: pulsed dye laser keloids hypertrophic scars pulse width pulse duration
sodium benzoate and/or n-acetylcysteine added to tau in patients with early schizophrenia spectrum disorder.

Conditions: Schizophrenia; Schizophreniform Disorders; Schizoaffective Disorder

Summary: this study aims to determine if the addition of sodium benzoate and / or nac to tau will be acceptable and tolerable and result in overall improvement of symptoms, social and cognitive functioning in patients with early schizophrenia spectrum disorder.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. male/female patients aged between 18-35 years. 2. diagnosis of schizophrenia confirmed by scid interview meeting dsm-v criteria for schizophrenia, schizophreniform or schizoaffective psychosis. 3. stable on medication for the past four weeks 4. in contact with mental health services 5. within 5 years of diagnosis of psychotic illness 6. able to demonstrate the capacity to provide informed consent as assessed by their own clinician 7. able to complete the required evaluations and take oral medication. 8. effective contraceptive precautions (either the use of barrier methods or the oral contraceptive pill) to be taken by women of child-bearing age. a negative pregnancy test will be required in order to meet inclusion criteria. exclusion criteria: 1. prior history of intolerance or serious side effects to sodium benzoate or n-acetylcystine. 2. concomitant use of ascorbic acid 3. active substance abuse (except nicotine or caffeine) or dependence within the last three months according to dsm-v criteria. 4. relevant cns or other medical disorders. 5. pregnant or breast feeding 6. diagnosis of moderate to severe learning disability 7. relevant current or past haematological, hepatic, renal, neurological or other medical disorder in the opinion of the principal investigator (pi) or the responsible clinician, that may interfere with the trial.

Keywords: schizophrenia sodium benzoate n-acetylcysteine nmda receptor psychopharmacology anti-oxidant inflammation
efficiency of a jellyfish sting inhibitor sun lotion and protocols for jellyfish sting pain relief

Conditions: Pain

Summary: the purpose of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of a sun lotion containing a specific jellyfish sting inhibitor versus regular sun lotions as controls. in addition, to investigate the effectiveness of hot/cold immersion for the treatment of cyanea sp stings versus local pain relief with prescription free pharmaceutical drug (xylocain 30 mg/ml (3%) lidocain).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * volunteers * men or women * aged 18 or over exclusion criteria: * people with atopic diseases, e.g., asthma, allergic rhinorrhea or rhinitis, hay fever, or atopic skin inflammation * people who suffer from skin diseases in the testing regions or whose inner forearms are too hairy to allow for interpretation of the test * people who have used any medical or cosmetic product on either arm for 48 hours before the start of the experiment * people who are taking antihistamines or steroids * subjects with medical conditions which, in the opinion of the investigator, pose risks that would prohibit participating * subjects with a history of keloid formation will be excluded from the jellyfish protocol * subjects with allergy to lidocain or other local pain substances if the arms contain hair that might reduce the jellyfish tentacle contact with the skin, the arm must be shaved in advance, so the skin has no sign of piling or any skin damage before the test.

Keywords: jellyfish cyanea sp safe sea prevention treatment pain relief prevention of pain
international focus group discussion on neuromuscular monitoring.

Conditions: Anesthesia; Neuromuscular Blockade; Neuromuscular Block, Residual; Perioperative/Postoperative Complications; Anaesthesiology Devices Associated With Adverse Incidents, Diagnostic and Monitoring Devices

Summary: focus-group based discussion designed to gain more in-depth information on factors that could lead to an increase in the adoption of neuromuscular monitoring taking into account different country-specific contexts.


Eligibility criteria:
active eu anaesthesiologists
sarcopaenia is a useful risk stratification tool for surgeons to prognosticate splenic abscess patients

Conditions: Splenic Abscess; Sarcopenia

Summary: sarcopaenia is associated with poor prognoses of in-hospital mortality in splenic abscess patients. investigators recommend its use by surgeons in the ed to rapidly risk stratify and identify patients requiring urgent and aggressive intervention, to maximise patient outcomes and survival chances.

splenic abscess is a life-threatening surgical emergency which requires early diagnosis and intervention to maximise patient outcomes. this can be achieved through accurate risk stratification in the emergency department (ed). sarcopaenia refers to an age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength with major physiologic and clinical ramifications. this study evaluates sarcopaenia as a radiological risk stratification tool to predict in-hospital mortality of splenic abscess patients. 99 adult patients at four training and research hospitals who had undergone abdominal contrast ct scans in the ed with the final diagnosis of splenic abscess from january 2005 to december 2015 were recruited. evaluation for sarcopaenia was performed via calculating psoas cross-sectional area at level of l3 and normalising for height. univariate analyses were used to evaluate the differences between survivors and non-survivors, with subsequent logistic regression analysis to assess odds ratio of sarcopaenia with respect to in-hospital mortality. a receiver operating characteristic (roc) curve was plotted to determine predictability of sarcopaenia, with its corresponding sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy rate calculated.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: all adult patients older than 20 years of age admitted to the aforementioned hospitals who had undergone an abdominal contrast ct scan in the ed with the final diagnosis of splenic abscess from january 2005 to december 2015 exclusion criteria: patients who could not be assessed for sarcopaenia in line with our study methodology and/or had other coexisting infections were excluded. patients with abscesses involving the psoas muscles were also excluded.

Keywords: splenic abscess sarcopenia surgical emergency
consolidation therapy with brentuximab vedotin after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for relapsed or refractory hodgkin lymphoma

Conditions: Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma

Summary: the aim of the trial is to improve disease control after an allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allosct) for relapsed or refractory classical hodgkin lymphoma (rrhl, chl) with consolidation therapy by brentuximab vedotin (bv) for up to one year. the primary objective of the trial is to show efficacy of the experimental consolidative treatment strategy. secondary objectives are to further evaluate efficacy, show safety and feasibility and perform correlative studies.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with relapsed/refractory chl who receive an allogeneic stem cell transplantation * histologically proven chl in the most recent tumor biopsy * absolute neutrophil count ≥ 500/mm³ * ecog ≤2 * age ≥ 18 years exclusion criteria: * presence of nodular lymphocyte-predominant hl (nlphl) or grey-zone lymphoma * progressive disease as last documented response prior to allosct * any peripheral neuropathy ≥ grade 2 * any other serious disease or organ dysfunction which might impair protocol treatment
once weekly d-cycloserine for schizophrenia

Conditions: Schizophrenia

Summary: this is a parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial examining the cognitive effects at weeks 1, 4, \& 8 of once-weekly oral d-cycloserine 50 mg added to a stable dose of antipsychotic for 8 weeks in adult outpatients with schizophrenia.

in a previous placebo-controlled trial, investigators demonstrated significant improvement of negative symptoms with once-weekly d-cycloserine treatment. in addition, investigators found significant improvement of memory consolidation following the first dose; however, the effect on memory consolidation was lost after several weeks. the "practice effect" of weekly measurement of memory consolidation using repeated administration of the logical memory test may have resulted in a "ceiling effect" which would obscure drug/placebo differences. in the current study, investigators propose to administer the logical memory test at four-week intervals (weeks 1, 4 and 8) to avoid the ceiling effect. additionally a measurement will be added of negative symptoms at week 4 to better characterize the time course of negative symptom improvement. hypotheses: 1. assess the effects of a single dose of d-cycloserine 50 mg on memory consolidation as measured by the logical memory test compared to placebo. 2. assess the persistence of once-weekly d-cycloserine effects on memory consolidation measured at weeks 4 \& 8. 3. assess the effects of repeated weekly dosing of d-cycloserine on performance on a standard cognitive battery at week 8 compared to placebo. 4. assess effects of weekly d-cycloserine dosing on negative symptoms at weeks 4 \& 8 compared to placebo. 5. assess tolerability and side effects of weekly d-cycloserine compared to placebo.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. male or female 2. age 18-65 years 3. diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, depressed type 4. stable dose of antipsychotic for at least 4 weeks. 5. able to provide informed consent 6. able to complete a cognitive battery exclusion criteria: 1. current treatment with clozapine 2. dementia 3. seizure disorder 4. unstable medical illness 5. active substance abuse 6. pregnancy, nursing, or unwilling to use appropriate birth control measures during participation if female and fertile. 7. severe renal insufficiency (serum creatinine \> 1.5 mg/dl)

Keywords: cognitive impairment neuroplasticity d-cycloserine n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) anti-bacterial agents mental disorders psychotic disorders antitubercular agents schizophrenia and disorders with psychotic features schizoaffective disorder