Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
comparison of sunlight exposure and vitamin d supplementation on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d levels

Conditions: Vitamin D Deficiency; Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

Summary: this study aimed to compare the effects between sunlight exposure and oral vitamin d supplementation on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d concentration and metabolic markers in korean young adults.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * serum 25(oh)vitamin d \< 12ng/ml * age between 18 and 39 years * korean men and women exclusion criteria: * vitamin d supplementation within 2 months * photosensitivity or uv allergy * history of hyperparathyroidism/hypercalciuria/kidney stone/skin cancer and other cancer * under medication for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes * intake of photosensitive medicine during study period * exposure of strong uv (e.g., beach, sun tanning) during study period * pregnant/breast-feeding women
effect of tirzepatide on markers of masld in patients with obesity

Conditions: MASLD; Obesity

Summary: metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (masld) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide and predominately affects individuals with overweight and obesity, as well as those with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. tirzepatide is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity. it has also been shown to help with masld. the purpose of this study is to study how tirzepatide affects the liver in patients with masld. participants will be asked to: * take tirzepatide for 12 months. * come in for clinic visits every 3 months. * have blood drawn at baseline, 6, and 12 months. * complete a liver ultrasound at baseline and at 12 months.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men and women * age 18-75 * diagnosis of masld based on the following criteria: * presence of at least 1 out of the 5 following cardiometabolic criteria: * bmi \>25 kg/m2 or waist circumference \>94 cm (men) or 80cm (women) * fasting serum glucose \>100 mg/dl or 2-hour post-prandial glucose levels \>140mg/dl or aba1c \>5.7% or type 2 diabetes or treatment for type 2 diabetes * blood pressure \>130/85 mmhg or specific antihypertensive drug treatment * plasma triglycerides \>150mg/dl or on lipid lowering treatment * plasma hdl-cholesterol \<40mg/dl (men) and \<50mg/dl (women) or on lipid lowering medication * no other identified causes of steatosis * evidence of steatotic liver disease (hepatic steatosis identified by imaging or biopsy) * english speaking exclusion criteria: * pregnancy or breast feeding * premenopausal women not on any form of contraception * reports alcohol intake \>50g/day or 350g/week for women and \>60g/day or 420g/week for men or an audit score \>8 * other identifiable causes of steatosis * documented allergic reaction to tirzepatide or any other glp1 ra * decompensated liver disease * decompensated renal disease requiring hemodialysis * decompensated heart failure * active malignancy * prior history of pancreatitis * serum triglyceride levels \>500 mg/dl * personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer or men2a or men2b * concurrent use of other ant-obesity medications * use of other glp1 ras within 3 months of study enrollment * unable to obtain the medication due to cost or insurance coverage restrictions.
study evaluating the effect of lecozotan sr on the qtc interval

Conditions: Alzheimer Disease; Healthy

Summary: this is a randomized, double-blind, placebo- and moxifloxacin (open-label)-controlled, 4-period crossover study.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women and men aged 18 to 55 years inclusive. * healthy as determined by the investigator on the basis of medical history, physical examination, clinical laboratory test results, vital signs, and 12-lead electrocardiogram (ecg). exclusion criteria: * history of any clinically important drug allergy. * positive findings of urine drug screen (eg, amphetamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, cannabinoids, cocaine, and opiates).

Keywords: healthy subjects
use of a patient preferences shared decision-making encounter tool in clinical practice for patients with dlbcl and fl

Conditions: Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma; Follicular Lymphoma

Summary: the goal of this project is to test the feasibility of a patient preferences in shared decision-making encounter tool (ppsdm) in the clinical context of diffuse large b-cell lymphoma (dlbcl) and follicular lymphoma (fl). this project will evaluate the feasibility of a shared decision-making (sdm) model that employs an "encounter tool"1 to facilitate sdm at the point of a treatment decision for patients with dlbcl and fl.

this project is a single-arm pilot project conducted with 90 patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent dlbcl or fl and their providers at three medical oncology practices. utilizing the ppsdm tool in the carevive electronic platform, patients will report their needs, preferences, values and goal prior to the treatment decision-making focused clinical encounter. the treating provider will receive the patient results prior to the visit and can use these to facilitate sdm in treatment selection during the clinical encounter. post-encounter, patients and providers will complete measures designed to assess feasibility and utility of sdm intervention. patients will also complete measures to assess patient satisfaction with the treatment decision, patient activation, and patient perceived achievement of desired role in shared decision making and satisfaction with care.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all participants must be 18 years of age or older. * patient participants must have a diagnosis of new or recurrent dlbcl or fl * all participants must be able to understand english. exclusion criteria: * any patient who cannot understand written or spoken english. * any prisoner and/or other vulnerable persons as defined by nih (45 cfr 46, subpart b, c and d).
university of michigan advanced heart failure tele-monitoring and flexible diuretic project

Conditions: Heart Failure

Summary: the proposed project is a 2x2 factorial designed study aimed at assessing the impact of 1) a home tele-monitoring system and 2) a flexible diuretic regimen among high risk heart failure patients in the university of michigan health system (umhs).

the proposed project is a 2x2 factorial designed study aimed at assessing the impact of 1) a home tele-monitoring system and 2) a flexible diuretic regimen among high risk heart failure patients in the university of michigan health system (umhs). the first intervention consists of the use of a home monitoring tool utilizing a tablet interface. the device facilitates collection of heart failure patient self-care information, including weight, blood pressure, heart rate and heart failure symptoms. this information is collected and stored on a secured server provided by the vendor, and can be viewed by the physician and nursing team. the second intervention is a flexible diuretic regimen strategy. this intervention will be applied in an independent randomized fashion. the flexible regimen will be prescribed by the patient's physician. the two interventions will be applied to heart failure patients treated at the university of michigan. a total of 400 patients will be enrolled into the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. university of michigan patients hospitalized for the treatment of heart failure, within the past 30 days. 2. patients must be receiving an oral loop diuretic on their home regimen or have received intravenous loop diuretic during the index hospitalization at the time of enrollment. 3. patients must have an assessment of left ventricular function within the previous 2 years. 4. patients must have lvef ≤ 40%, or lvef \>40 with evidence of left atrial enlargement (la dimension \> 40 mm), bnp \> 200 ng/ml or pcw \> 18 mmhg. exclusion criteria: * prisoners * residents of long term nursing facilities * enrollment into a hospice program * receiving dialysis * patients with dementia * patients with dgfr less than 20ml/min. * patients being worked up for heart surgery. * patients being worked up for heart transplant. * patients being evaluated for revascularization. * patients being evaluated for heart valve intervention. * patients with primary pulmonary hypertension.

Keywords: telemonitoring
cuff leak test and airway obstruction in mechanically ventilated icu patients

Conditions: Respiratory Failure

Summary: the cosmic trial will be a multicentred, national, parallel-group, pragmatic vanguard pilot trial.

the cosmic trial will be a multicentred, national, parallel-group, pragmatic vanguard pilot trial in adults (≥18 years) who are mechanically ventilated in the icu with risk factors for le and an order to extubate has been provided by the treating physician. the aims of this study are to assess: 1. protocol adherence 2. recruitment rates 3. secondary clinical outcomes will be collected, and if feasibility criteria are met, ultimately used in the powered trial pending no major protocol adjustments (otherwise will be reported as cohort data).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ≥18 yrs. of age * mechanically ventilated in the icu \\ * an order to extubate has been provided by the treating physician * meet at least 1 criteria for risk factors for laryngeal edema(le): * criteria 1 * intubated for \>5 days * criteria 2 \*must fulfill category 1 and ≥1 risk factor in category 2 * category 1 - intubated for \>48 hours * category 2 * an unplanned extubation event within the last week * airway trauma secondary to an endotracheal intubation during the past week defined as one of the following: * more than one attempt at direct laryngoscopy * more than one attempt to pass the ett * charted as a traumatic intubation * a body mass index of \>30kg/m2 * an endotracheal tube greater than 8mm in a man or 7mm in a woman * a total positive cumulative fluid balance of at least \>1500ml/d x # of days admitted to icu (eg. if admitted for 4 days, the patient will meet this criterion if they are 6l positive during their length of icu admission) * physician concern about possible laryngeal edema for a reason not previously listed above. for example: * prone or trendelenburg position in a recent operation * agitation defined as a rass of 3+ or more or a sas of 6 or more that may result in airway injury exclusion criteria: * palliative care plan or plan of care does not include re-intubation, decision to withdraw life support, or no plan for re-intubation * known pregnancy: current pregnancy or up to and including 7 days postpartum * patients with highly suspected laryngeal injury: burn patients, smoke inhalation injuries, blunt or penetrating trauma of the neck and airway, recent head and neck surgeries, and patients admitted with airway edema * known pre-existing tracheolaryngeal abnormalities: vocal cord paralysis, tracheolaryngeal neoplasm, tracheomalasia, tracheolaryngeal stenosis, or previous head and neck surgeries * mechanical ventilation via a tracheostomy * high dose steroids administered within the previous 72h (prednisone 1mg/kg oral equivalent) * the icu physician believes the patient should have a clt performed * patient had a failed clt in the previous 24 hours

Keywords: laryngeal edema, mechanical ventilation, cuff leak test
act for weight-related experiential avoidance

Conditions: Eating Behavior

Summary: this study aimed to investigate whether acceptance and commitment therapy/training would be helpful to reduce weight-related experiential avoidance among individuals who reported weight concern

this quasi-experimental study aimed to examine the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy/training (act) in reducing weight-related experiential avoidance. data were collected with a convenience sampling technique. after obtaining ethical approval, participants were invited to participate in the study via advertisements, and online posts. due to the small sample size, participants who were willing to attend group discussions were included in the experimental group. participants in the control group did not receive manipulation. all participants were provided with an informed consent form. all participants completed a questionnaire measuring outcomes (weight-related experiential avoidance, general experiential avoidance, eating attitudes, and social physique anxiety) at pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. participants in the experimental group received act training including 6 sessions. the protocol was adapted from pearson et al. (2012) with their permission. each session took approximately 80 mins. several aspects of act approach were discussed in the sessions. in session one, act approach was introduced. in session two, creative hopelessness was discussed. in session three, control strategies related to weight concern were identified. in session four, mindfulness exercises were completed. in the fifth session, values for meaningful life experience were discussed. in the last, sixth session, the ways to commit to action were discussed. each session included exercises and homework. at the end of the study, the participants were provided with debrief form.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * individuals who were 18 years and older * ability to read and understand turkish exclusion criteria: * individuals who have received mental health intervention over the last one year * and those who were diagnosed with an eating disorder were excluded from the analyses
comparison of the centric relation recorded by two methods using cone beam computed tomography

Conditions: Tooth Loss

Summary: the purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the variation in mandibular relation recorded by the gothic arch methods and the k7 method using cone beam computed tomography (cbct)

ten asymptomatic participants were selected,the centric relation registrations were separately recorded according to the technique of the gothic arch method and the neuromuscular method,subsequent, they were instructed to perform cbct wearing two bite registrations,thus using dophin software to calculate the tmj space and the upper airway and using exocad software to ananyse the mandibular position, data were analysed with paired t-test

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: absence of the mandibular position classified as asa 1 or 2 (normal healthy patient or with mild systemic disease, according to the american society of anaesthesiologists physical status classification system); absence of the symptoms and signs of the temporomandibular joint; willing to participate and to sign a written informed consent form. exclusion criteria: cardiac pacemaker carriers and pregnant women; people with heart pace disorders and epilepsy; temporomandibular or craniocervical disorders.

Keywords: cone-beam computed tomography the centric relation the upper airway mandibular position
standardized bal procedure for critical patients to diagnose pneumonia pathogens

Conditions: Bronchoalveolar Lavage; Pneumonia

Summary: in order to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of pulmonary pathogens and reduce the adverse impact of excessive bal volume on patients, this study intends to explore the most optimal lavage volume in the middle lobe and the lower lobe of critical patients as well as seeking for the best way to manage balf samples by means of detecting alveolar proteins and bacterial composition in balf samples. the hypothesis is that the optimal lavage volume in the middle lobe and the lower lobe might be different. and to sample balf separately through sequential lavage might be a better way to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of pneumonia pathogens.

this is a self-control study consisted of three parts. firstly, searching for the optimal lavage volume in the middle lobe and the lower lobe of critical patients by exploring the differences between the concentration of alveolar proteins among balf samples of every participant. several balf samples are seperately collected from every single participant through sequential lavage(an initial 20 ml saline lavage at main bronchus and 5 aliquots of 20 ml saline lavage at the subsegment of the right middle lobe or 6 aliquots of 20 ml saline lavage at the lower lobe) . the concentration of alveolar proteins including surfactant protein b (sp-b), surfactant protein d (sp-d) and human typeⅰprotein (htⅰ-56) will be determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). meanwhile, the amount of living cells as well as the proportion of squamous cells and columnar cells in balf samples will be counted. secondly, to confirm the optimal lavage volume through quantitative bacterial culture of balf and sputum samples of participants. and balf samples will also be tested by next generation sequencing（ngs） to identify microorganism. thirdly, to observe the effect of bal on respiratory and cardiovascular systems. the vital signs, arterial gas analysis, ventilator parameters and respiratory mechanical parameters of patients before and within 24 hours after the bal procedure will be recorded.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * admitted to intensive care unit * mechanically ventilated patient * 18 years old or above * pneumonia diagnosed by one of 1 - 4 plus 5 1. purulent endotracheal secretions or increasing oxygen requirements; 2. body temperature exceeds 38.0 ℃; 3. potentially pathogenic bacteria be isolated from the endotracheal secretions; 4. leukocyte count exceeds 10×10\^9 per liter or less than 4×10\^9 per liter; 5. new or persistent radiographic features of pneumonia without another obvious cause. exclusion criteria: * considered to be unsuitable for bronchoscopy by attending physician; * underwent bronchoalveolar lavage within the last 48 hours; * medical history of lobectomy * airway bleeding or pulmonary edema * refuse to sign the informed consent
dual-focus magnification with narrow-band imaging in helicobacter pylori infection

Conditions: Helicobacter Pylori Infection

Summary: dual-focus with narrow-band imaging (df-nbi) is a novel technique to improve the quality of images of the irregular mucosal structures and microvessels of gastric neoplasms. the investigators compare this technique with conventional white light (wl) endoscopy to predict helicobacter pylori infection.

the subjects are patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy under sedation. participants are randomized into df-nbi and wl groups. rapid urease test will be performed in all cases. by captured images of gastric mucosa, classification of df-nbi for helicobacter pylori infected mucosa will be developed and validated. the established classification of wl for helicobacter pylori infection will be used. finally, the investigators will compare the accuracy between two groups based on each classification.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * consecutive patients who have undergone uper gastrointestinal endoscopy for diagnosis or screening of cancer. exclusion criteria: * those whose hp status had already been clarified * pregnancy * history of partial gastrectomy * taking proton pump inhibitor, antithrombotics or antibiotics within 4 weeks
trends of mastectomy and breast-conserving surgery in female breast cancer patients

Conditions: Breast Cancer; Breast Neoplasms; Breast Cancer Female

Summary: breast cancer is the most common cancer in women across the world, accounting for 25.2% of cancer cases among females and 14.7% of cancer-related deaths among females worldwide. the survival rates are markedly lower in the developing countries compared to developed countries, as well as the age at diagnosis. core management of breast cancer includes surgical removal of the tumor either by breast-conserving surgery (bcs) or mastectomy (removal of the whole breast). choosing between these two procedures may be influenced by factors that have yet to be studied in saudi arabia. the investigators aimed to determine the prevalence of bcs and mastectomy and the factors that may influence the choice of procedure. this retrospective study was carried out by reviewing the records of female breast cancer patients who underwent bcs or mastectomy at king abdulaziz university hospital between 2009 to june 2017, excluding those with metastasis (distant spread of the cancer) or recurrence. using frequencies for the rate, and multivariate tests, the investigators analyzed different demographic, clinicopathological, and radiological factors to detect correlations with procedure choice.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female, diagnosed with breast cancer, underwent surgery on the breast tumor in king abdulaziz university hospital exclusion criteria: * patients with metastatic breast cancer or recurrence of the cancer before the surgery

Keywords: breast cancer surgery lumpectomy surgery choice procedure choice surgical outcome
closed loop glucose control in intensive care unit

Conditions: Stress Hyperglycaemia

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy, safety and feasibility of a computer-based control algorithm to control glucose levels in adults in intensive care unit, in comparison to standard care.

this will be a single centre, open-label, randomised, parallel design, feasibility study conducted at neurosciences critical care unit (nccu), addenbrooke's hospital, cambridge, uk. study will aim for 24 adult subjects (12 participants in each arm of the trial) and study will last for up to 49 hours in each subject. subjects will have a commercially available conformité européenne(ce) marked subcutaneous glucose sensor inserted at the start of the study. glucose data from the sensor will be transmitted to a small bedside tablet computer, containing the algorithm which will determine insulin infusion rates aimed at maintaining glucose level between 6.0 - 8.0 mmol/l. the advice from the algorithm will be sent to the infusion pump via usb cable and insulin will be delivered intravenously. the system will also deliver intravenous glucose via a second infusion pump at times of low glucose levels. samples for reference glucose values will be obtained either from an arterial line or central venous cannula and will be analysed using standard blood gas analyser in real time. subjects randomised to standard care will receive intravenous insulin based on current treatment guidelines at the neurosciences critical care unit (nccu), addenbrooke's hospital, cambridge, uk. the primary outcome is time spent in target glucose range between 6.0 to 8.0 mmol/l as recorded by reference glucose. secondary outcomes are the time spent with glucose levels above and below target, as recorded by reference glucose, and sensor accuracy. safety includes evaluation of significant hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia and other adverse events.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 18 years and older * admitted to neurosciences critical care unit; (all patients are eligible regardless of admitting diagnosis except where specified under exclusion criteria) * stay in intensive care unit expected to be at least 48 hours * at least one of the following conditions applies: * not on insulin infusion and single confirmed reference blood glucose level \> 10.0 mmol/l * already on insulin infusion including those subjects with pre-existing diabetes. exclusion criteria: * patients with diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic non-ketotic coma (honk) * patients who are receiving therapeutic hypothermia * known or suspected allergy to insulin * any disease or condition which the investigator or treating physician feels would interfere with the trial or the safety of the patient (i.e. liver failure, other fatal organ failures) * patients with significant abnormalities of blood clotting. * moribund patients likely to die within 48 hours * pregnancy

Keywords: stress hyperglycaemia