Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
olanzapine and 5-ht3 with or without dexamethasone to prevent cinv

Conditions: Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting

Summary: nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy are considered by patients as the main side effects of cancer treatment, which affect the quality of treatment and life.at present, nccn guidelines have recommended three or four drug regimens for highly emetic chemotherapy (hec) to prevent vomiting, all containing dexamethasone.however, its side effects such as moderate to severe insomnia, hyperglycemia, dyspepsia, upper abdominal discomfort, irritability, increased appetite, weight gain and acne are gathering increasing concerns.for certain patients, the use of dexamethasone should be avoided.analysis shows that olanzapine can replace the effect of dexamethasone.hence, the investigators initiated this prospective, multi-center, phase iii study to validate the dexamethasone-free protocol: removing dexamethasone from a three drug regimen containing olanzapine, dexamethasone, and 5-ht3ra.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients 18 years of age or older with malignant disease； 2. life expectancy ≥ 3 months; 3. scheduled to receive highly emetogenic chemotherapy； 4. had a european cooperative oncology group (ecog) performance status of 0, 1, or 2 exclusion criteria: 1. there are contraindications to chemotherapy(absolute number of neutrophils ≤ 1,500/ul, hemoglobin ≤ 90g/l, platelet count ≤ 10000/ul, serum creatinine level ≥ 2.0mg/dl (177 μmol/l), alt and ast ≥ 2.5 times the upper normal limit, bilirubin ≥ 1.5 times the upper normal limit); 2. history of central nervous system disease (e.g., brain metastases or a seizure disorder); 3. severe cognitive impairment； 4. treatment with another antipsychotic agent such as risperidone, quetiapine, clozapine, a phenothiazine, or a butyrophenone within 30 days before enrollment or plans for such treatment during the study period; 5. concurrent use of pharyngeal or abdominal radiotherapy; 6. concurrent use of quinolone antibiotics; 7. concurrent use of amifostine; 8. chronic alcoholism; 9. known hypersensitivity to olanzapine; 10. know arrhythmia, uncontrolled congestive heart failure or acute myocardial infarction within 6 months; 11. known uncontrolled diabetes mellitus; 12. vomiting or retching 24 hours before chemotherapy; 13. use of anti-emesis drugs 48 hours before chemotherapy; 14. patients who require medication with dexamethasone for pretreatment.
the use of tamsulosin in treatment of (10-15 mm) lower ureteric stones in adults with non-emergent symptoms

Conditions: Ureteric Stone

Summary: to estimate the efficacy of tamsulosin in: a - expulsion of lower ureteric stones from10-15 mm diameters (primary goal). b - pain relief and hyronephrosis improvement (secondary goal).

urolithiasis affects 4-15% of world population and the incidence of this disease is increasing day by day . of all the urinary tract stones, 20% are ureteral stones, and 70% of these ureteral stones are found in the distal part of the ureters . the goal of treatment of patients suffering from ureteral calculi is to achieve complete stone clearance with minimal morbidity . ureteral calculi of any size may be associated with renal obstruction and care must be taken to prevent irreversible damage to kidney, whether patient selects expectant or active treatment . an expectant treatment or watchful waiting approach may be expected to produce spontaneous stone expulsion up to 50% of cases but some complications such as urinary infection, hydronephrosis, and repetitive colicky pain may occur . once a conservative approach proves to be unsuccessful, interventional treatment becomes necessary. after a period of conservative treatment, however, intervention is often inefficient or has a higher risk for complications due to stone impaction and the associated inflammatory reaction of the ureter . non-invasive treatment with extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy and minimal invasive approach with ureteroscopy allow ureterolithiasis to resolve in almost all cases but these procedures are not risk free and they require some experience and not cost effective . the therapeutic potential of α-blockers for ureteral stone disease has been investigated, prompted by the detection of α-receptors in ureteral smooth muscle cells . we choose to focus on tamsulosin because it is the most frequently studied α-blocker, recommended in urology treatment guidelines, and, in our experience, the most common medical expulsive therapy used by emergency physicians . the objective of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy of met with tamsulosin for ureteral stones from 10-15 mm diameter in a randomised, placebo-controlled setting.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. lower ureteric stones from(10-15) mm diameters. 2. age group equal or more than 18 years. 3. normal renal function. exclusion criteria: 1. lower ureteric stones less than 10mm and more than 15 mm diameters. 2. age group less than 18 years. 3. associated ureteric strictures. 4. febrile urinary tract infections. 5. severe hydronephrosis.
effect of renexin tablet in patients with recurrent vestibulopathy

Conditions: Recurrent Vestibulopathy

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether renexin is effective in the treatment of vestibular symptoms in patients with recurrent vestibulopathy.

1. study design * among patients who visitied for recurrent vertigo more than 3 months, patients will be included after ruling out other peripheral vertigo through history taking, physical examination, dix-hallpike test, head-thrust test. * included patients will go through permission, laboratory tests (cbc, chemical battery, coagulation battery, urine hcg (only women of childbearing age), posturography. during patients selection period for inclusion(2 weeks), taking medication for vertigo is prohibited. * included patients will be randomized to treatment group (renexin) and placebo group. * all patients before treatment will do dizziness handicap inventory(dhi), visual analogue scale (vas) for vertigo, questionnaire for quality of life (sf36). * after 4 weeks(+-\~ 3 days) of drug administration, dhi, vas for vertigo, sf36 will be done for drug compliance and side effects. * after 8 weeks(+-\~ 3 days) of drug administration, posturography, dhi, vas for vertigo, sf36 will be done for drug compliance and side effects. * for control of severe vertigo during drug administration, valium 2mg can be used as a salvage treatment, and number of valium administration will be checked at every visit. 2. statistical analysis * as a statistical analysis, paired t-test will be used to compare equilibrium score, dhi, vas, sf-36. when p-value is \<0.05, it will be considered as significant difference.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * recurrent vestibulopathy patient with symptoms more than 3 months of recurrent vertigo * visual analogue scale (vas) score between 4 to 8 exclusion criteria: * showing signs of central lesion in mri or neurologic exams * central nystagmus or loss of consciousness with vertigo * cerebellar symptoms such as ataxia, dysarthria, gait disturbance * diagnosed as peripheral vertigo such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, meniere's disease, migrainous vertigo in recent 3 months * bilateral vestibular dysfunction * vestibular neuronitis symptom appeared in recent 6 months * chronic liver disease (alt\>100 or ast\>100) or chronic kidney disease (creatinine \> 3.0 mg) * blood hemoglobin \< 10mg/dl (in male) or \< 8 mg/dl (in female) * contraindication for testing drug (ex. pregnancy or breast feeding etc.) * taking antiepileptics such as phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine or rifampin in recent 2 weeks * taking cilostazol, gingko biloba for other disease * allergy/hypersensitivity to renexin * severe drug toxicity when taking renexin previously

Keywords: renexin for recurrent vestibulopathy
ccrt with itraconazole in locally advanced squamous esophageal cancer

Conditions: Esophageal Neoplasm; Esophageal Diseases; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Summary: the objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy combined with itraconazole in patients with locally adcvanced esophageal squamous cancer

esophageal cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies. esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (escc) is the predominant type in china, accounting for over 90% of all esophageal cancer. concurrent chemoradiation therapy (ccrt) remains the standard therapy of locally advanced escc. however, the outcome remains poor. the aberrant activation of hedgehog (hh) signaling is associated with a variety of human malignancies. previous studies found that the reactivation of hh pathway occurs in 60% of esophageal cancer. targeting the hh pathway for cancer therapy was expected to work wonders in hh-dependent cancers. itraconazole, an antifungal agent, has been shown to inhibit the hh and akt signaling pathways. the aim of our study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy combined with itraconazole in patients with locally adcvanced esophageal squamous cancer

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: age:18-75 years, male or femal. histologically or cytologically confirmed squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, locally advanced, unresectable disease. clinical staged t3-4n0m0, t1-4n+m0,ⅱ-ⅳa(ajcc 8th) measurable disease based on response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (recist) 1.1. ecog 0-1. adequate organ function. patient has given written informed consent. exclusion criteria: unwilling or unable to provide informed consent known allergy to itraconazole patients who have or are currently undergoing additional chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy or immunotherapy. complete obstruction of the esophagus, or patients who have the potential to develop perforation, or unable to swallow itraconazole. other malignancy within 5 years prior to entry into the study, expect for curatively treated basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin and/or curatively resected in-situ cervical and/or breast cancers. has received prior anti-cancer monoclonal antibody (mab), chemotherapy, targeted small molecule therapy, or radiation therapy within 4 weeks prior to study day 1 or not recovered from adverse events due to a previously administered agent. pregnancy or breast-feeding. decision of unsuitableness by principal investigator or physician-in-charge.

Keywords: esophageal squamous cell carcinoma concurrent chemoradiotherapy itraconazole hedgehog pathway
total knee arthroplasty and thromboembolism: a comparison between two surgical techniques

Conditions: Total Knee Replacement; Venous Thromboembolism

Summary: in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty, thromboembolism is a common occurrence, especially following tourniquet deflation. the resulting cardiopulmonary emboli can potentially lead to hypoxemia, hypotension, hemodynamic collapse and post operative cognitive dysfunction due to emboli. the standard surgical technique involves placing an intramedullary rod in the femur to determine the angle and degree of resection from the end of the femur. a new surgical technique utilizes computer navigation system to perform the desired cuts in the appropriate position. the investigators hypothesize that the avoidance of intramedullary instrumentation in computer assisted total knee replacement will result in fewer thromboembolic events compared with the standard technique using manual instrumentation in the femur. the present study will test this hypothesis by quantifying the extent of thromboembolism during both surgical techniques.

currently, transesophageal echocardiography (tee) is routinely used intraoperatively to monitor patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty for thromboembolic events. video recording (without any patient identifiers) of the tee loops before and after tourniquet release, offline analysis to quantify the extent of thromboembolism and the two surgical techniques will be compared. patients are assigned to a particular technique according to some non-rigid criteria. this study has no impact on their selection into one group or the other. participation in this study does not influence the choice/selection. we will simply record and analyze the echo loops in twenty patients already assigned to each surgical technique.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients scheduled to undergo total knee arthroplasty at uc davis medical center * 18 years and above exclusion criteria: * any contraindication to perform tee

Keywords: total knee replacement esophageal echocardiography
effect of dexmedetomidine on pacemaker function following cardiac surgery

Conditions: Congenital Heart Disease

Summary: this is a prospective study looking at the effects of dexmedetomidine on pacemaker function in patients who have surgery for congenital heart disease utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass (cbp). for the purpose of the study, no change in intraoperative care will be dictated. the use of dexmedetomidine will be left up to the discretion of the treating physicians. the study will involve only the collection of data regarding the amplitude required to capture and specific demographics and intraoperative features including cross clamp time, time on cpb, and vasoactive agents that were and are being administered. in addition to these data, it will be noted whether dexmedetomdine was used or not and whether it is being administered on arrival to the cticu.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with temporary surface pacemaker leads following surgery for congenital heart disease. exclusion criteria: * patients with single ventricle anatomy * patients receiving epinephrine * infants less than 6 months of age
impact of cognitive & metacognitive performance on knowledge learning when conducting therapeutic education programs

Conditions: Schizophrenia; Bipolar Disorder

Summary: people with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder display alterations in cognition and metacognition. these alterations may have an impact on learning during therapeutic education programs.

patient therapeutic education (fte) is defined as a practice to help patients to acquire or maintain the skills needed to best manage their lives with a chronic disease. fte includes organized awareness, information, learning and psychological and social assistance about the disease, prescribed treatments, various treatments offered, as well as information on organization of the global health system, and health behaviours. performed by health professionals trained in this practice, fte is intended to help patients and their close relatives and to understand their pathology, their treatments, collaborate with health care teams, and maintain or improve their quality of life. it aims to produce a complementary therapeutic effect of other health care interventions

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * consent to participate in the study, * suffering from a chronic condition for which an therapeutic patient education (tep) program is proposed. * mastering the french language. * be a beneficiary of health insurance exclusion criteria: * poor understanding of instructions that make it impossible to consent or assess * neurodegenerative disease
effect of chewing gum and mouthwash before operation on sore throat after general anesthesia with a laryngeal mask

Conditions: Postoperative Sore Throat

Summary: postoperative sore throat (post) is an important problem after general anaesthesia. we assessed whether chewing gum preoperatively or mouthwash can reduce the incidence of post after general anaesthesia administered via a streamlined liner of the pharyngeal airway (slipa).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: american society of anaesthesiologists(asa)class i or ii 20\~65 years body mass index(bmi)scores\<30 undergoing elective hysteroscopic surgery exclusion criteria: chronic laryngitis chronic bronchitis asthma gastroesophageal reflux allergies to study drugs recent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(nsaids) a history of upper respiratory tract infection in the past one week mallampati grade\>2 a history of steroid therapy.

Keywords: sore throat, laryngeal mask , chewing gum , mouthwash
the effect of segmental re-examination of colon for adenoma detection in colonoscopy

Conditions: Adenoma

Summary: the aim of this study was to determine whether segmental re-examination of the each segment (right colon, mid-colon, and left colon) could increase the proximal adenoma detection rate (adr) and to evaluate the time-effectiveness of this approach.

the investigators prospectively recruited patients (aged ≥45 and ≤75 years) who were scheduled to undergo colonoscopy at our center. patients were excluded if they had advanced colonic cancer, prior resection of the proximal colon, inflammatory bowel disease, or polyposis syndrome, or were unable to provide informed consent. in addition, if the quality of bowel preparation was unsatisfactory (boston bowel preparation scale \[bbps\] score \<2 in any segment of the colon), or if the cecum could not be intubated during the colonoscopy, patients were excluded. a randomization list was generated with the randomization algorithm of random sorting, using excel program. included patients were randomly assigned to one of the two groups: segmental re-examination group, in which the each segment (right colon, mid-colon, and left colon) was examined twice segmentally; or control group, in which the withdrawal time in the each segment was about 2 minutes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients (aged ≥45 and ≤75 years) who were scheduled to un- dergo colonoscopy exclusion criteria: * patients who had advanced colonic cancer, prior resection of the proximal colon, inflammatory bowel disease, or polyposis syndrome, or were unable to provide informed consent. * if the quality of bowel preparation was unsatisfactory (boston bowel preparation scale \[bbps\] score \<2 in any segment of the colon), or if the cecum could not be intubated during the colonoscopy, patients were excluded.
efficacy and safety study of fentanyl transdermal (fentanest®)

Conditions: Pain; Palliative Care

Summary: eligible patients who agree to participate will migrate from oral opioids to transdermal patches and be followed for four weeks. oral morphine will be provided as pain rescue medication. the patients will inform the adverse events and rescue medication consumption. the number of fentanest® patches will be adjusted every visit aiming to reduce the rescue medication consumption and adverse events to a minimum. the who-qol- bref (quality of life questionary) will be filled before and after the use of fentanest®. patients showing benefit are eligible to a 3 weeks compassionate study.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female outpatients aged from 18 to 70 years with cancer chronic pain who received in the last 4 weeks at least 40 mg of oral morphine or equianalgesic dose of other opioids. if using adjuvant analgesics, these must be in stable doses in the last 4 weeks. exclusion criteria: * life expectancy bellow 4 months; * karnofsky score \< 60; * hypersensitivity to opioids or patches; * acute pain; * non cancer pain; * increased intracranial pressure; * conditions that prevent the patient to understand the study directions and/or give his consent; * neuromuscular disorders with increased risk of respiratory depression; * impossibility to receive rescue oral morphine; active infections; * fever; * pregnancy and nursing; * uncontrolled diabetes mellitus or arterial hypertension; * need of anticoagulation; * need to operate machines or vehicles; * important skin disorders; * history of severe allergic reactions; * bmi ≥ 35; * safety exams outrange; * participation in another clinical trial within the last 2 months; * investigator´s opinion.

Keywords: fentanyl transdermal pain cancer
injection therapy for neuropathic pain

Conditions: Neuropathic Pain

Summary: shoulder, neck, back and temporal pain and herpes zoster pain are neuropathic pain. preliminary clinical studies have confirmed that injection of freshly prepared ha35 can relieve neuropathic pain. this clinical study is a prospective repeated experiments. the purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of ha35 injection therapy.

in this study, the recombinant human hyaluronidase ph20 and neutral hyaluronidase (ph20) of bovine testicular sperm acrosomes were used to cleave macromolecular ha. regardless of the cutting time, the ha fragment ha35, with an average molecular weight of 35 kda, was produced (registration number l20200708mp07707, ministry of health, mongolia). hyaluronidase is often used to improve the penetration and absorption of other injectable drugs. hyaluronidase injection is also used off label to degrade excessive components used in cosmetic injections, such as cross-linked macromolecular ha fillers (https://www.realself.com/news/hyaluronidase-dissolve-fillers). in this study, ha35 was prepared by mixing hyaluronidase extracted from bovine testis (hyaluronidase for injection, h31022111) and ha (sodium hyaluronate for injection, h20174089) at room temperature for 20 minutes. the analgesic effect of ha35 on herpes zoster and shoulder, neck, back, and temporal pain was studied. this was a single-arm, open-label prospective clinical study in which patients were evaluated before and after treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the course of neck, back and temporal pain ranged from 0 to 8 months. * the course of herpes zoster of 0-2 months. * adults aged 18-60 years. * be willing and capable of giving informed consent. * have a clinical diagnosis of neuropathic pain as determined by a multidisciplinary study team. * subject must sign the informed consent in person prior to beginning any screening procedure. exclusion criteria: * have a persistent pain resulted from other medical conditions or unknown causes. * pregnant females. * be concomitantly participating in another clinical study. * have been immunocompromised.
the cytoadherence in pediatric malaria (cpm) study

Conditions: Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the importance of key blood group molecules in the clinical outcome of plasmodium falciparum malaria infection in children.

every year, nearly 2 million children die from infection with plasmodium falciparum malaria. when red blood cells (rbc) become infected with malaria, a sticky parasite-derived knob protein, termed pfemp-1, erupts on the rbc surfaces. pfemp-1 attaches to several blood group molecules, including those found on other rbc, on blood vessels, and on the cells that normally help to stop bleeding (platelets). the cellular sticking results in a dangerous interruption in blood flow to vital organs, causing brain injury (cerebral malaria), systemic shock (lactic acidosis), and death. depending on an individual's inherited blood groups of relevance, adhesion may be extensive or limited. in the laboratory, pfemp-1 adheres to rbcs via the a or b (but not the o) antigens of the abo blood group system, and to platelets and blood vessels via platelet glycoprotein iv (cd36) and icam-1. consistent with the expected evolutionary advantage of being deficient in these binding targets, blood type o and low-expression of cd36 are found more frequently among africans. the "cytoadherence in pediatric malaria" (cpm) project is determining the distribution of adhesive blood group molecules in a cohort of 2000 ugandan children according to the extent of malaria severity and death, and thus their ultimate clinical and evolutionary significance in malarial survival. this knowledge may serve as the grounds for developing targeted cytoadhesion-interruption therapies in our fight against malaria.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical diagnosis of plasmodium falciparum malaria infection exclusion criteria: * hiv or significant malnutrition

Keywords: severe malarial anemia (sma) cerebral malarial (cm) lactic acidosis hyperparasitemia respiratory distress hypoxia death transfusion