Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
enteral nutrition and vasoactive drugs

Conditions: Enteral Nutrition; Vasopressor Agents; Hemodynamics Instability; Critical Care

Summary: enteral nutrition in critically ill patients undergoing vasoactive support due to hemodynamic instability is controversial. hypothesis: enteral nutrition delivered in such patients can be feasible and safe.

nutrition support in critically ill patients undergoing vasoactive support due to hemodynamic instability is controversial and challenging. however, if it is delivered according to an enteral nutrition protocol and under proper medical supervision, it can be feasible and safe. the present multicenter prospective study was designed to examine the feasibility and safety of enteral nutrition support in such patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * authorization to participate in the study by informed consent. * dependence of vasoactive drugs and/or mechanical circulatory support to at least 48 hours from intensive care unit admission. * invasive mechanical ventilation time of at least 48 hours. * expected survival greater than 72 hours. * icu stay greater than or equal to 72 hours. exclusion criteria: * refusal to participate in the study. * refractory shock, defined as the progressive elevation of the dose of vasoactive drugs and / or markers of tissue hypoperfusion, or mean arterial pressure ≤ 60 mm hg despite the therapeutic maneuvers. * history of significant abdominal vascular disease (ischemic colitis, chronic mesenteric ischemia, aortic aneurysm abdominal, aortic dissection with involvement of mesenteric vessels, etc). * absolute contraindication for the onset of enteral nutrition (active gastrointestinal hemorrhage, intestinal obstruction, etc.) or patients with a non-functional gastrointestinal tract.

Keywords: enteral nutrition vasoactive drugs critical care
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy in essential tremor

Conditions: Essential Tremor

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and electrophysiology of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of essential tremor.

this is a randomized controlled study.the purpose is to evaluate the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rtms) in the treatment of essential tremor,and explore the possible mechanism by detecting the changes of clinical scale and tms-electroencephalogram(tms-eeg), so as to seek an effective therapy for essential tremor.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. diagnosed as essential tremor conforming to the diagnostic criteria for essential tremor in the tremor group of the international parkinson's and movement disorders society (ipmds). 2. signed informed consent form. exclusion criteria: 1. complicated with brain organic diseases, epilepsy, other mental diseases, family history of dementia, metal devices implanted in the body and any contraindications to tms; 2. history of craniocerebral surgery; 3. tms cannot cooperate; 4. tms-eeg examination artifacts are obvious, or cannot be analyzed due to other technical reasons.

Keywords: essential tremor transcranial magnetic stimulation
slow digestible carbohydrates and exercise in adolescents with type 1 diabetes

Conditions: Type 1 Diabetes; Hypoglycemia

Summary: in this within-subject cross-over study, the investigators hypothesize that corn-starch based supplements taken prior to exercise will decrease the risk of delayed hypoglycemia in adolescents with t1d, improve performance during exercise, and decrease glycemic variability during exercise.

type 1 diabetes (t1d), one of the most common chronic diseases in adolescents, is caused by the destruction of insulin producing beta cells which are located in the pancreas. there are many factors that impact diabetes control which are insulin administration, intake of food and exercise. when an individual exercises, weight is better managed which allows for a better cardiovascular system. exercising also improves insulin sensitivity which can increased the risk for delayed hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). many individuals with t1d do not participate (or under-participate) in exercise due to the fear of hypoglycemia. this study will recruit adolescents with type 1 diabetes to undergo a maximal exercise test to determine their vo2max. study participants then will complete 2 exercise performance tests prior to which the participant will be randomized to consume 22 grams of either fast acting carbohydrates or long-acting cornstarch based supplements. subjects will be asked to bike for 45 minutes (at 50% of vo2max) and then complete a 3.75 mile bike ride as quickly as possible. the investigators will document the time to completion of the bike ride as well as monitor glucose levels via continuous glucose monitoring for 12 hours after completion of the exercise test.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 12 - \ 1 year * hba1c \<10.5% * body mass index \>10th % and \<95th% * not being treated with sensor-augmented pump therapy * ability to participate in exercise activity - biking * willing to wear a continuous glucose monitor (cgm) sensor exclusion criteria: * severe hypoglycemia (requiring glucagon or external assistance) in last 6 months * admission for diabetic ketoacidosis in last 3 months * history of chronic lung disease, congenital heart disease or chronic asthma * food (including corn)/dye allergies * other chronic medical conditions except for well-controlled thyroid disease

Keywords: adolescent exercise cgm
safety and efficacy of anorectal application of dx-gel for treatment of anal incontinence

Conditions: Fecal Incontinence

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether anorectal application of nasha dx is safe and effective for treatment of anal incontinence.

patients not fully improved after 1:st injection were offered reinjection after 4-6 weeks.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * incontinence to loose or solid stool at least once weekly (millers incontinence score 6-12). * age 18-80 * available for follow-up for the duration of the study * written informed consent. exclusion criteria: * sphincter defect visible on anal ultrasound. * pregnancy. * rectal prolapse or inflammatory bowel disease. * recent (within 6 months) anal surgery except for haemorrhoids. * anorectal sepsis. * anticoagulant medication or bleeding diathesis.

Keywords: fecal incontinence treatment surgery
a study of sc10914 in patients with advanced solid tumors

Conditions: Advanced Solid Tumors

Summary: sc10914 is a potent selective parp-1 and parp-2 inhibitor. this study aims to determine the safety , tolerability , pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics profile of increasing doses of sc10914 when administered orally to patients with advanced solid tumors. furthermore, the safety and efficacy of sc10914 in patients with advanced solid tumors and negative expression of atm or brca1 or brca2 mutation will be evaluated in expanded cohorts to establish the recommended phase 2 dose(rp2d).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * signed written informed consent * aged 18-70 years * dose escalation study: subjects diagnosed with advanced solid malignancies who are refractory to standard therapies or for which no standard therapy exists/dose expansion study: subjects diagnosed with advanced solid malignancies who are refractory to standard therapies or for which no standard therapy exists and negative expression of atm or brca1 or brca2 mutation * eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) performance status of 0 to 2 * have measurable lesion exists(recist 1.1) * life expectancy≥3 months * have adequate bone marrow, hepatic and renal functions exclusion criteria: * allergic constitution or hypersensitivity to investigational drugs or relevant drug * patients who received any previous treatment with a parp inhibitor * patients accepted anti-cancer therapy including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrinotherapy, immunotherapy, chinese herbal treatment or other investigational drugs within 4 weeks prior to trial entry (or a longer period depending on the defined characteristics of the drugs used eg,. 6 weeks for mitomycin c or nitrosourea) * with serious pre-existing medical conditions, such as significant cardiovascular disease and psychogenic disorders * with family history of long qt syndrome or qtc ≥ 450 ms * with persistent ctcae ≧grade 2 toxicities (excluding alopecia) caused by prior medication * with symptomatic brain metastases * pregnancy or lactation * with hepatitis b or c or human immunodeficiency virus infections
prophylaxis with direct-acting antivirals for kidney transplantation from hcv-infected donors to uninfected recipients

Conditions: HCV

Summary: this study is being done to find out the best time to start medication for hepatitis c virus (hcv) in hcv-negative recipients of hcv-positive (hcv d+/r-) kidney transplants. participants will be randomized into one of two groups: arm 1 - prophylaxis: this group will start the hcv medication before transplant and will take a shorter course of hcv medication for 2 weeks. arm 2 - transmit and treat: this group will start the hcv medication after transplant and will take the full course (12 weeks) of hcv medication.

in the past, hcv-positive (hcv+) kidneys were not given to hcv-negative recipients. but over the last few years, medications have been created that cure hcv in nearly 100% of patients. hcv+ transplants to hcv-negative recipients have become increasingly common now that hcv can be cured. there are two approaches to giving hcv medication to recipients of these transplants. the first is a prophylaxis approach. with prophylaxis, hcv medication is started before transplant and continued for a shorter course after transplant. the second is a transmit-and-treat approach. with transmit-and-treat, hcv medication is started after transplant and continued for the full, recommended course. both approaches have successfully cured hcv in hcv-negative recipients of hcv+ organs. this research will use a study drug called sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (sof/vel). it contains two drugs for treating hcv in one pill. we will compare giving sof/vel for 2 weeks starting pre-transplant (prophylaxis) to giving sof/vel for 12 weeks starting no later than 14 days post-transplant (transmit-and-treat). sof/vel belongs to a group of medications called direct-acting antiviral agents (daas). these drugs prevent hcv from multiplying and spreading in the human body. sof/vel are already approved and used for 12 weeks to treat hcv infection. the use of sof/vel for 2 weeks in preventing hcv infection has not been studied. the fda is allowing sof/vel to be used in this study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participant meets the standard criteria for kt at local center. * participant is able to understand and provide informed consent. * participant is ≥ 18 years old. exclusion criteria: * participant has active hcv infection (detectable hcv rna) at time of screening. * participant has cirrhosis or advanced liver fibrosis. * participant's aspartate aminotransferase (ast) or alt \> 2.5 times the upper limit of normal (uln), within 60 days of screen. * participant has human immunodeficiency virus infection (hiv), or active hepatitis b (hbv) infection. * participant is unable to safely substitute or discontinue a medication that is contraindicated with the study medication. * past or current medical problems, which may pose additional risks from participation in the study, interfere with the participant's ability to comply with study, or impact the quality of the data obtained from the study. * participant is pregnant or breastfeeding.
stradivarius (strategy to reduce atherosclerosis development involving administration of rimonabant - the intravascular ultrasound study)

Conditions: Coronary Atherosclerosis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine if rimonabant 20 mg once daily (od) administered during 18-20 months will reduce progression of coronary atherosclerosis as assessed by intravascular ultrasound (ivus) when administered on top of standard behavioral and pharmacological therapy given as needed, in patients with abdominal obesity associated with current smoking and/or metabolic syndrome.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * written and signed informed consent * indication for coronary angiography * abdominal obesity defined by waist circumference \> 88 cm in women or \> 102 cm in men * at least one of the two following conditions: \*a) metabolic syndrome as defined by the presence of at least two of the following additional risk factors: 1. triglyceride level \>= 150 mg/dl (1.69 mmol/l); 2. hdl cholesterol \ = 110 mg/dl (6.1 mmol/l); 4. high blood pressure (\>= 140 mmhg systolic and/or \>= 90 mmhg diastolic) at screening visit, or current treatment by anti-hypertensive medication; \*b) currently smoking (\> 10 cigarettes /day) and willing to stop * angiographic evidence of coronary heart disease as defined by at least 1 lesion in a native coronary artery that has \>= 20% reduction in lumen diameter by angiographic visual estimation * presence of at least one coronary artery complying with the definition of "target vessel" for ivus assessment * acceptation of the baseline ivus tape by the ivus core laboratory exclusion criteria: * age \< 18 years * pregnant or breast-feeding women * history of very low-calorie diet or surgical procedures for weight loss (eg, stomach stapling, bypass) within 6 months prior to screening visit * obesity of known endocrine origin * uncontrolled diabetes with hba1c \>10% * presence of any severe medical or psychological condition, that in the opinion of the investigator would compromise the subject's safety or successful participation in the study * severe congestive heart failure (new york heart association \[nyha\] class iii or iv) * clinically significant heart disease which in the opinion of the investigator is likely to require coronary artery bypass graft (cabg), percutaneous coronary intervention (pci), cardiac transplantation, surgical repair and/or replacement during the course of the study * angioplasty of a non-qualifying artery which is considered at high risk of acute complication or restenosis, during baseline catheterization * \>50% reduction in lumen diameter of the left main coronary artery by visual angiographic estimation * recent st-elevation myocardial infarction (mi) \<= 72 hours prior to randomization
an evaluation of the efficacy of oral-b new product sensi-stop on dentinal hypersensitivity

Conditions: Tooth Sensitivity

Summary: the purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of sensi-stoptm strips (procter \& gamble™) on the relief of dentinal hypersensitivity. in other words, do sensi-stoptm strips (procter \& gamble™) reduce or eliminate cold sensitivity in teeth? in addition, the investigators will evaluate whether there is a difference in the sensi-stoptm strip (procter \& gamble™) effectiveness when the product is placed by a dental professional compared to self-placement by the person with sensitive teeth. this product is not experimental.

there are two groups in this research study: 1) the self applied group, and 2) the professionally applied group. once it is determined that interested individuals qualify to participate in the study and have determined that they want to participate, the group that participants are in will be determined. the study has been designed to ensure that 66% of the study participants receives strips that contain the active ingredient and 33% of the subjects receive strips without the active ingredient. this means that there is a 1 out of 3 chance that participants will be assigned to receive the strip(s) without the active desensitizing ingredient. at the end of your 8-week participation, if it turns out that participants received the strips without the active ingredient, they will be offered a sample pack with two strips that contain the active desensitizing ingredient for them to use at home.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient presents in good general health with no allergies to commercial dental products and are currently not using any desensitizing agents. * if participants are using desensitizing agent the participant must agree to not use any desensitizing agents in the 4 weeks leading up to the baseline data collection appointment and during the following 8 week length of the study. * patients with a history of having used sensi-stop strips (procter \& gamble™) in the past will not be eligible to participate because it will not be possible to maintain blindness to the treatment that they receive. * patients will also have at least the following baseline measurements: i. schiff air scale = equal to or greater than 1 ii. verbal rating scale = equal to or greater than 1 iii. recession= 1mm or greater exclusion criteria: * any dental pathology resulting in pain that could confound the study findings would render the patient ineligible: e.g. advanced dental decay, pulpitis, fractured teeth, fractured restorations, chipped teeth, cracked teeth, severe gingival inflammation, post-restorative sensitivity, marginal leakage, severe periodontal disease, as characterized by purulent exudate, generalized mobility, and/or severe recession. * also, if potential study subjects are not willing to agree to avoid the use of desensitizing and/or whitening products they will not be enrolled. * adults lacking in the ability to give consent will also be excluded.
nasal high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (nhfov) for ventilated newborn infants with bpd

Conditions: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Nasal High-frequency Oscillatory Ventilation; Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; Neonate

Summary: invasive ventilation(iv) remains one key cornerstone to reduce neonatal mortality for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome(rds) and/or acute respiratory distress syndrome(ards). however, it is also related to increased risks of ventilator-associated lung injury and escalation of pulmonary inflammation, and which finally result in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd). early weaning from iv in newborn infants with bpd is therefore a key procedure to reduce these risks above.

supplying with the combined advantages of ncpap and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (hfov) with high carbon dioxide(co2) removal, no need for synchronisation, non-invasion, less volume/barotraumas, and increased functional residual capacity, nasal hfov(nhfov) was considered as a strengthened version of ncpap. furthermore, the superimposed oscillations of nhfov could avoid gas-trapping, and allowed to obviously up-regulate mean airway pressure (map) more than ncpap. thus, nhfov might be more beneficial as post-extubation respiratory support strategy to avoid re-intubation and subsequent complications and/or sequelae as compared with ncpap in preterm infants. nowadays, nhfov was increasingly used in neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) around the world due to its convenient operation. a retrospective review has reported the beneficial effects of nhfov in preterm infants as a remedial measure after failing to other noninvasive modes, including reducing the number of apneas, bradycardias or oxygen desaturations. however, there were rare randomized controlled studies comparing nhfov with ncpap in preterm infants with bpd. we have found that nhfov is superior to ncpap in avoiding re-intubation in very preterm infants with the first extubation. the purpose of the present study was to compare nhfov with ncpap as post-extubation respiratory support strategies on the need for endotracheal ventilation, as well as pressure of co2(pco2) level in preterm infants with bpd.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: eligibility requirements for neonates: * the gestational age is less than 32 weeks * the preterm neonates are diagnosed with bpd and need invasive ventilation * extubation and subsequent noninvasive ventilation is ready to be carried out exclusion criteria: one of the following conditions is needed: * there were no intraventricular hemorrhage(ivh) grades 3 or 4 * major congenital anomalies * parents' decision not to participate
impact and sequelae of high ventilatory drive in critically ill covid-19 patients

Conditions: COVID-19; Critical Illness; Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure; Neurocognitive Dysfunction; Mechanical Ventilation Complication

Summary: critically ill covid-19 patients with acute respiratory failure, in the intensive care unit (icu), often feature high respiratory drive, determining large inspiratory efforts resulting in high pressures and global and regional over-distention, leading to lung injury. sars-cov-2 neurotropic-penetration in control centers in medulla oblongata might contribute to dysregulation and to excessively high respiratory drive observed in these patients. these pathophysiological conditions may often lead to the development of patient-ventilator asynchronies in aptients under mechanical ventilation, again leading to high tidal volumes and increased lung injury. these phenomena can contribute to prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation and icu length of stay, but also can result in long term adverse outcomes like emotional/psychological and cognitive sequelae. all them compromising the quality of life of critically ill survivors after icu discharge. the investigators will conduct a multicenter study in adult critically ill covid-19 patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure, aiming to: 1) characterize incidence and clustering of high respiratory drive by developing algorithms, 2) apply artificial intelligence in respiratory signals to identify potentially harmful patient-ventilator interactions, 3) characterize cognitive and emotional sequelae in critically ill covid-19 survivors after icu discharge and 4) identify sets of genes and transcriptomic signatures whose quantified expression predisposed to asynchronies and cognitive impairment in critically ill covid-19 patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure. * admitted to icu. * mechanical ventilation or high flow nasal cannula exclusion criteria: * neurologic patients with brainsteam affection.
the head impulse test in the screening of vestibular function

Conditions: Vertigo

Summary: the alternate binaural bithermal caloric test (abbt) is a well established examination in the evaluation of the dizzy patient. abbt is useful in detecting the side of peripheral vestibulopathy by stimulating each ear separately, it contributes to the diagnosis of bilateral vestibular involvement when all responses to cold and warm stimuli are reduced, and adds to the differentiation of peripheral from central vestibular involvement by measuring the fixation-induced inhibition of the caloric response. in spite of these benefits, abbt is the most time-consuming part of the electronystagmography/videonystagmography (eng/vng) test battery, and frequently causes significant inconvenience to the patient due to the repeated extreme vestibular stimuli. the head impulse test (hit) assesses vestibular function by brisk, passive rotations of the head in the plane of the examined semicircular canals. whenever the vestibulo-ocular reflex (vor) is deficient, this maneuver would produce catch-up saccades aiming to the re-fixation of the eyes on the target. hence, both residual vor and catch-up saccades act synergistically to stabilize gaze. the hit requires only several minutes and might cause minimal discomfort only. the study hypothesis is that the hit recorded by standard vng equipment of the vng system would provide diagnostic information on the side of vestibular involvement matching that of the abbt.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \> 18 years * videonystagmography(vng) test battery is indicated for the diagnosis of dizziness or vertigo exclusion criteria: * signs of retrocochlear lesion or central vestibular pathology in bed-side otoneurological examination or audiometry or eng/vng * age \< 18 years * otitis externa * otitis media * tympanic membrane perforation * status post mastoidectomy * limitations of neck movements in the horizontal plain

Keywords: vestibular function tests caloric test electronystagmography prediction