Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
sphenopalatine ganglion block and cold induced headaches

Conditions: Cold Induced Headache; Brain Freeze; Cold Induced Cephalgia; Headache

Summary: the primary objective of this study is to determine if a sphenopalatine ganglion (spg) block, performed through intranasal atomization of 4% lidocaine, is able to prevent cold induced cephalgia ("brain freeze"). secondary objectives will be to determine the degree of decreased pain/duration of brain freeze after sphenopalatine ganglion block

this study will be performed in two phases. the first phase will include a pre-medicated phase where the subjects will be required to rapidly drink up to ½ of a 32 fluid oz icecold slushy to induce a brain freeze. the flavor will be chosen by the participants. the time to onset, intensity, location, and duration of the headache will be recorded. the second phase will commence when the subjects have returned to their normal pain free state, a minimum of 10 minutes has passed since the resolution of the first cold headache, and they feel ready to move to the next phase. the time from complete resolution of the brain freeze to the start of the second phase will be recorded. any subject that wishes to drop out from the study at this time is free to do so. they may keep their drink and finish it at a more leisurely pace should they choose. then the subjects will receive either 1 ml of 4% lidocaine (0.5ml in each nostril) administered by intranasal atomization or 0.9% normal saline administered by intranasal atomization. the normal saline placebo will be mixed with an edible bittering agent added to blind the participant from recognizing the taste of the lidocaine containing solution. only participants that experienced a brain freeze in the first phase will be able to move onto the second phase. each participant will then rapidly drink up to ½ of a 32 fluid oz ice-cold slushy to induce a brain freeze. the time to onset, intensity, location, and duration of the headache will be recorded. all pain scores will be recorded using a visual analog scale from 0-100 where 0 is no pain and 100 is the worst pain imaginable. we will also record any side effects that the subjects may experience during or shortly after the procedure.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * wright state university emergency medicine (em) resident physicians and wright state boonshoft school of medicine medical students * over the age of 18 years * has gotten at least one brain freeze in their life exclusion criteria: * individuals who have never gotten a brain freeze * anyone who has had any sort of prior trauma to their oro- or nasopharynx or surgery on their oro- or nasopharynx, not to include dental surgery. * pregnant patients * history of allergy to local anesthetic
effect of prolonged gnrh agonists on results of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (icsi ) in endometrioma patients

Conditions: Endometrioma

Summary: investigators compare icsi results for endometrioma patients with or without cyst aspiration if more than 5cm \&with or without gnrh agonists for all endometrioma patients

group 1 consists of 30 patients of endometrioma more than 5cm subdivided into: group 1a;cyst aspiration followed by standard long protocol in 15 patients group 1b;cyst aspiration followed by gnrh suppression for 3 months then standard long protocol in 15 patients group 2 consists of 30 patients of endometrioma less than 5cm subdivided into : group 2a;no intervention to the cyst. standard long protocol group 2b;gnrh suppression for 3 months then standard long protocol

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * endometrioma patients exclusion criteria: * follicle stimulating hormone(fsh)10 or more * hydrosalpinx * gnrh suppression in the last 12 months
human solute carrier family 5 member 2 (slc5a2) deficiency and the glucagon-incretin axis

Conditions: Familial Renal Glucosuria; Diabetes Mellitus; Cardiovascular Diseases

Summary: sodium-glucose-cotransporter 2 (sglt2) are a new type of oral antidiabetic drugs. sglt2 inhibitors increase the urinary glucose excretion and thereby decrease blood glucose levels. beside their glucose lowering effects sglt2 inhibitors showed beneficial effects on the cardiovascular health. but several studies in cell culture and mice showed that the physiological inhibition of glucagon after meal consumption is impaired when using sglt2 inhibitors. the patients carry a rare genetical disease called familial renal glucosuria (frg), a human model of life long sglt2 inhibition. to elucidate the effects of partial and complete sglt2 inhibition in humans the investigators perform a mixed-meal tolerance test (mmtt), the gold standard for elucidation of insulin and glucagon dynamics.

the index patient was referred to the department of internal medicine i at the medical university of innsbruck for evaluation of unclear glucosuria in combination with normal blood glucose levels. the patient suffered from recurrent urinary tract infections and increased urinary frequency, showed a physiological hemoglobin a1c and no further signs of renal dysfunction. sequencing of the slc5a2 coding region confirmed that the patient was compound heterozygous for two slc5a2 mutations. the patient is a mother of five healthy children which are willing to take part in the test. the children show a 50/50 distribution of the mother's mutations. the mmtt will take place after 48 hours of alcohol, sport abstinence and an overnight fasting period. the patients will be given 6 ml/kg body weight of a standardized liquid meal. blood samples will be collected 10 minutes before consumption of the meal, at the time point of consumption and 15, 30, 60, 120, 150, 180, 210 and 240 minutes after consumption. at each time point six blood tubes will be taken, except at time point -10 and 240 minutes, there is one sample more collected. the investigators aim to assess glucagon, insulin, c-peptide, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (gip), glucagon-like peptide-1 (glp-1), glucagon-like peptide-2 (glp-2) levels. glucose tolerance will be assessed by using the 4 hours area under the curve (auc) for glucose. to evaluate the beta-cell function the 4h-auc's for insulin, c-peptide and the 4h-auc insulin:glucose ratio will be calculated and compared. the calculation of the alpha-cell function will be performed with the auc of glucagon and the auc glucagon/glucose ratio. gip, glp-1 and glp-2 will be determined using the auc. the auc's will be calculated by the trapezoidal method.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * at least 18 years * capable of giving consent * one or more slc5a2 mutations leading to frg * written consent exclusion criteria: * impaired glucose tolerance * diabetes mellitus

Keywords: sglt2 slc5a2 glucose metabolism glucagon incretin
the use of hyperbaric oxygen to increase the blood supply in the injured, but still alive tissue, around an old stroke

Conditions: Ischemic Cerebrovascular Accident

Summary: to confirm or refute recently published data regarding the reduction in post-stroke ischemic penumbra, that used spect/ct, by using the more precise tools of pet/mri.

most patients who suffer an acute ischemic stroke improve over the immediately ensuing 30-90 days. however, many patients do not improve beyond this initial period in spite of continued intensive physical therapy and supportive care. a prospective, randomized trial of the use of hyperbaric oxygen treatments in 59 such patients was published in january 2012. that study which used 40 hyperbaric oxygen treatments, indicated significant clinical neurological improvement in residual motor deficit in patients who had sustained a stroke over a year previously. an increase in brain activity in the region immediately surrounding their stroke (penumbra) was reported on the basis of spect studies. regions of live cells were determined by ct. because spect is primarily a measure of perfusion and not metabolic activity and ct is a poor measure of cell life, the investigators plan to assess areas of physiologic/anatomic mismatch in similar patients following hyperbaric oxygen treatment by the use of the more appropriate and precise tools, pet and mri.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * person must have sustained an acute ischemic stroke 6-12 months prior to enrollment, exhibited clinical improvement during the initial 30-90 days post stroke, exhibited no further improvement for at least 1 month in spite of continued supportive care and physical therapy, must have at least one residual measurable motor deficit. exclusion criteria: smoking, contraindications to an mri e.g. pacemaker, contraindications to hyperbaric oxygen treatment e.g. emphysema, claustrophobia. seizure disorder, inability to tolerate pressurization e.g. eustachian tube dysfunction, other uncontrolled co-morbidities e.g. diabetes, hypertension, thyroid disorders, renal or hepatic dysfunction.
ucsd take charge study

Conditions: Overweight; Obese; Obesity; Diabetic; Type 2 Diabetes

Summary: the purpose of the take charge study is to determine among overweight and obese men and women with type 2 diabetes whether 1) participating in a commercial weight loss program promotes great weight loss and weight loss maintenance at one year compared to usual care conditions and 2) whether there is a differential weight loss response to different dietary macronutrient composition (lower carbohydrate/higher fat diet versus a higher carbohydrate/lower fat).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 18 years or older * type 2 diabetes * bmi 25-45 kg/m2 * willing to participate in any of the study diet arms (higher or lower carbohydrate diet or usual care) over a one-year period * able to comply with all required study procedures and schedule * must live within the san diego or minneapolis area exclusion criteria: * pregnant, breastfeeding or planning to become pregnant in the next year * serious medical condition or psychiatric illness * history of having an eating disorder, food allergy or food intolerance * have food restrictions or requires a special diet * objects to frozen, processed or prepackaged foods * inability to be moderately physically active * currently enrolled in a weight loss program or another diet intervention * current use of weight loss medication or supplements * planned surgical procedure that can impact the conduct of the study * previous surgical procedures for weight reduction * does not have own transportation * have plans to relocate from area within 1 year * hba1c \>11%, fasting triglycerides \>600 mg/dl, serum creatinine \>1.4 mg/dl (women) or 1.5 mg/dl (men) -- to be screened at baseline visit

Keywords: overweight obese type 2 diabetic diabetes weight loss physical activity diet prepackaged meals
pha-739358 for the treatment of multiple myeloma

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the antitumor activity of pha-739358 as single agent iv infusion in adult patients with multiple myeloma who have a history of at least 2 previous lines of treatment for the disease.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * active multiple myeloma progressing after at least 2 prior lines of treatment * measurable disease * t(4;14) translocation * life expectancy of at least 3 months exclusion criteria: * uncontrolled hypertension * myocardial infarction, unstable angina, symptomatic congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular accident in the past 6 months. * pregnancy or breast feeding * active infections, including hiv
ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasty and squeaking: influence of component design

Conditions: Hip Arthrosis

Summary: the investigators want to examine if specific acetabular liner designs can be a contributing factor to audible squeaking associated with coc bearings. the aim of the present study is to compare two different designed and well documented acetabular component systems with reference to squeaking and other noises from the hip.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients scheduled for uncemented tha under the age of 65 years. exclusion criteria: * patients with the following diagnoses of the hip: recent femoral fracture, sequelae from older femoral fracture, acetabular fracture, and traumatic dislocation of the hip. * patients without ability to give informed consent and/or willingness to participate in the follow-up protocol. * severely impaired level of function due to other physical deficiencies than the hip. * mental disability that could impair a patient's decision-making capability of giving informed consent and not enabling valid data collection. * earlier primary tha or revision tha in the contralateral hip. * pathology requiring another prosthesis concept than the below mentioned. * body mass index greater than 35.
efficacy and safety study of botulinum toxin type a against placebo to treat spasticity in the arm after a stroke

Conditions: Post-stroke Spasticity of the Upper Limb

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether injections of botulinum toxin type a into muscles of the upper limb are effective in treating spasticity in patients after stroke.

the study consists of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, single-dose main period followed by an open-label, non-controlled, repeated-dose extension period (open-label extension period - olex).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * upper limb spasticity * time since stroke greater than 3 months * need for 400 u botulinum toxin type a exclusion criteria: * body weight below 50kg * fixed contractures of the upper limb * generalized disorders of muscle activity like myasthenia gravis that preclude use of botulinum toxin type a * infection at the injection site
clinical research in als study

Conditions: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Summary: crials is an umbrella protocol through which people are recruited to participate in a range of research studies being conducted by the als research collaboration (arc).

research goals include elucidation of the complex relationship between als and related neurodegenerative disorders, development of both wet and dry biomarkers of disease, and delineation of the full course of the natural history of disease from the early pre-symptomatic stages through established and even late-stage disease. these goals are accomplished through the recruitment and evaluation of patients with als and related diseases, family members (including people at genetic risk for als, but who are not yet affected), and healthy controls.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. at least 18 years of age. 2. member of at least one of the following categories: 1. individuals affected with als or a related neurodegenerative disease (sporadic or familial) 2. unaffected individuals from fals pedigrees, including pre-symptomatic individuals at genetic risk for als or individuals from pedigrees of als related diseases. 3. healthy controls 3. able and willing to comply with relevant procedures. exclusion criteria: 1. subject has a condition or is in a situation which, in the pi's opinion, could confound the study finding or may interfere significantly with the individual's participation and compliance with the study protocol -- including but not limited to neurological, psychological and/or medical conditions (e.g., multiple sclerosis, neuropathy, myelopathy).

Keywords: genetics biomarkers pre-symptomatic natural history
early prophylaxis immunologic challenge (epic) study

Conditions: Hemophilia A

Summary: the purpose of the study was to assess if a once-weekly prophylactic regimen of 25 iu/kg advate started at or before 1 year of age and before the onset of a severe bleeding phenotype (ie, joint bleeding), together with the minimization of immunological danger signals, can reduce the incidence rate of inhibitor formation in pups with severe and moderately severe hemophilia a.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants with severe and moderately severe hemophilia a (fviii ≤ 2%) * participants \< 1 year of age * participants must have ≤ 3 exposure days (eds) to any fviii concentrate or fviii-containing product used for treatment of minor bleeds (bleeds requiring no more than 2 infusions per event), or for preventative or precautionary infusions following possible injury * participants with prior circumcision are allowed to enroll only if bleeding issues related to circumcision were the cause for the original diagnosis of hemophilia a and no more than 2 eds of fviii treatment were required * adequate venous access (without need for central venous access device (cvad)-placement) as determined by the physician * written informed consent from legally authorized representative(s) exclusion criteria: * life-threatening conditions (intracranial hemorrhage, severe trauma) or requirement for surgery at the time of enrollment * evidence of inhibitor ≥ 0.6 bethesda unit (bu) in nijmegen-modified bethesda assay at study start (samples may be retested using lupus-insensitive inhibitor tests to reduce the number of false positive inhibitor test results) * inherited or acquired hemostatic defect other than hemophilia a * any clinically significant, chronic disease other than hemophilia a * known hypersensitivity to advate or any of its constituents * any planned elective surgery that cannot be postponed until after the first 20 eds * participation in the hemophilia inhibitor previously untreated patient study * application of red blood cell, platelet, or leukocyte concentrates, or plasma * administration of any medication affecting coagulation or platelet function * systemic administration of any immunomodulatory drug (eg, chemotherapy, intravenous glucocorticoids) * participation in another clinical study involving an investigational product (ip) or device within 30 days prior to study enrollment or during the course of this study
stachybotrys induced hemorrhage in the developing lung

Conditions: Idiopathic Pulmonary Hemorrhage

Summary: the majority of the workscope of this project is focussed on an infant animal model of toxigenic mold induced pulmonary hemorrhage. clinically related studies are directed only to the description of human infants diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage regarding their clinical parameters, and collecting samples of secretion, blood, and urine for analysis for fungal spores and mycotoxins. these latter analyses are being developed using the infant rat model.

over the past seven years in the cleveland, ohio area there have been 47 cases of unexplained pulmonary hemorrhage in young infants. sixteen of the infants have died. a cdc case-control study found an association with water-damaged homes and the toxigenic fungus, stachybotrys chartarum, which requires water soaked cellulose to grow. the spores of this fungus are not infectious in the lung but do contain very potent mycotoxins which appear to be particularly toxic to the rapidly developing lungs of young infants. secondary stresses, e.g. environmental tobacco smoke, appear to be important triggers of overt hemorrhage. concern that there may be a larger number of undetected young infants with this disorder led to the examination of all infant coroner cases, which revealed six sudden infant death syndrome cases with major amounts of pulmonary hemosiderin-laden macrophages, indicating extensive hemosiderosis existing prior to death. all of these infants had lived in the eight zip code area where all but fifteen of the patients have lived. this disorder may extend beyond cleveland since toxigenic fungi are widespread. we are aware of a total of 138 infants with idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage across the country over the past four years. the purpose of this proposal is to establish an infant animal model for this stachybotryomycotoxicosis which can be used to understand the developmental pathophysiology by which the fungal spores induce hemorrhage and to address practical problems faced in the clinical care of these infants and in public health prevention. the model uses tracheal instillation of toxic stachybotrys spores in neonatal to weanling rats to initiate the pathological process, followed by stresses to trigger acute hemorrhage. capillary fragility to transmural pressures will be assessed by morphometric analysis of electron micrographs. markers of stachybotrys exposure which can be applied to clinical cases are being developed and tested in the rats.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion: infant (\<12 mo old) with unexplained pulmonary hemorrhage, discharged home from newborn nursery exclusion: hemorrhage occurred in hospital prior to going home prior to discharge from newborn nursery

Keywords: idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage in infants, toxigenic mold exposure
mitochondrial energy production in art (assisted reproductive technology )

Conditions: Female Infertility Due to Advanced Maternal Age

Summary: oocyte maturation requires a lot of energy, which is provided by the mitochondria via the synthesis of atp. the majority of patients with advanced maternal age (ama) have poor egg quality. one of the reasons depends on oxidative phosphorylation of pyruvate to undergo maturation; on the contrary, the cells of the cumulus (cc) show great activity glycolytic so that these cells are able to provide atp(adenosine triphosphate and energy substrates to the oocyte. the goal of this work is to analyze the mitochondrial function and energy production in oocyte donors compared with a group of women of advanced maternal age subject to a same ovarian stimulation protocol


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * controls: women between 18-35 years old who are oocyte donors and fulfill the requirements of the our program of oocyte donation according to the spanish law of human reproduction * cases: infertile women undergoing ivf due to advanced maternal age (\>38 years) exclusion criteria: for controls: women with antral follicle count \>20 or \<6 follicle per ovary or with pathologies which, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with the treatment of ovarian stimulation * severe hypersensitivity to drugs of similar structure * in the case of associated pathologies which can be considered as exclusion criteria on the part of the researcher are endocrine disruption and multi-follicular ovaries with risk of ohss (ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome) * be positive in serology for syphilis, toxoplasmosis, rubella, gonorrhea, hepatitis b, hepatitis c and hiv and lack of personal history and family of hereditary diseases. cases * irregular cycles * previous ovarian surgery * previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy
respiratory management of children under anaesthesia

Conditions: Anesthesia; Peroperative Complication

Summary: ventilation management in paediatric anaesthesia remains difficult because of the wide range of age and weight, and therefore practices are heterogeneous. in adults, protective ventilation during anesthesia is now a standard of care but in children there is no level of evidence to recommend it. the aim of the study was to describe current practice and the factors associated with the use of high tidal volume during anaesthesia in children in france.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children less than 18 years of age * admitted in one of the participating centers * over 2 days (21 and 22 june 2017) exclusion criteria: * children extracorporeal circulation * children who required ventilation with lung exclusion * opposition of the parents or legal guardians

Keywords: children respiratory