Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
low-dose rifaximin in the treatment of covert hepatic encephalopathy

Conditions: Covert Hepatic Encephalopathy

Summary: several studies have been showed that rifaximin can improve cognitive functions, driving simulator performance and health-related quality of life in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy. the aim of this prospective randomized open controlled study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rifaximin at different doses for the treatment of covert hepatic encephalopathy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients agreed to sign the informed consents 2. patients aged 18-70 years，males or females 3. patients who were diagnosed with occult hepatic encephalopathy by phes and stroop tests exclusion criteria: 1. allergy to rifamycin/rifamutin/rifampin/rifapentine 2. current or recent (\<3 month) use of alcohol or can't stop drinking during the study period 3. use of antibiotics within last 6 weeks 4. use of lactulose/lactitol, probiotics, l-ornithine-l-aspart，zinc，metronidazole, neomycin, or rifaximin within last 6 weeks 5. infection or gastrointestinal hemorrhage within last 6 weeks 6. use of psychoactive drugs within last 6 weeks 7. occurred overt hepatic encephalopathy within last 3 months 8. history of portosystemic shunt surgery or transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt 9. poor vision, color blindness or motor defects that interfere with the performance of psychometric tests 10. other non-controllable neurological or psychiatric problems which may affect cognitive function such as alzheimer's disease, parkinson's disease or schizophrenia 11. conformed or highly suspicious diagnosis of liver malignant tumors 12. human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection 13. uncontrolled hypertension, diabetes or other serious cardiac and pulmonary diseases 14. white blood cell count\<1×10\^9/l 15. pregnancy and breastfeeding 16. participated in other drug clinical trials within 3 months 17. the researchers thought it was not suitable for this clinical trial

Keywords: covert hepatic encephalopathy low-dose rifaximin
once-daily oral dose of beneflax to healthy older adults

Conditions: Oxidative Stress; Inflammation; Aging; Pain

Summary: the investigators are investigating whether the flax lignan, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, decreases oxidative stress and inflammation. the flax seed lignan is believed to be broken down in the body to produce the health benefits of flax. flax lignan is separated from the whole flax seed as this compound is believed to have health effects. decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation should improve a number of the problems associated with aging. this intervention consists of 600 milligrams of the flax lignan sdg daily or an equivalent amount of whey protein. the investigators are comparing lignan to a placebo (whey powder) to examine whether a dietary intervention (i.e. flax seed containing lignan) might decrease oxidative stress and inflammation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female adult 60 to 80 years residing in saskatoon. * able to comply with study protocol. * able to follow simple instructions. exclusion criteria: * age below 60 or above 80 years at initiation of the study. * individuals living in long term care homes. * individuals at risk of hypotension or with symptomatic hypotension. * fasting hypoglycemia. * unstable diabetes, or diabetics taking insulin (note: eligible diabetic participants will undergo additional testing during the study). * current cancer or diagnosed with cancer in the past 2 years. * women with an immediate family history or personal history of breast cancer or ovarian cancer. * significant liver or other gastrointestinal disorder including inflammatory bowel disease. (while constipation is the most common gastrointestinal problem in the elderly, it would not be a contraindication) * significant kidney disorder. * unstable or severe cardiac disease, recent myocardial infarction or stroke (either in past 6 months or significantly affecting physical mobility). * unstable other medical disease including, but not limited to, pulmonary disorder, epilepsy and genitourinary disorder. * migraine with aura within the last year (as this is a risk factor for stroke). * current diagnosis of a bleeding condition, or at risk of bleeding. * significant immunocompromise. * other unstable conditions. * current use of hormone replacement therapy (except thyroid medication is allowed). * current use of warfarin, clopidogrel, ticlopidine, dipyridamole or their analogues. * intolerances or allergies to flax or vitamin d. * allergy to whey * surgery within the last six months. * participation in any other clinical trial with an investigational agent within one month prior to randomization.

Keywords: lignans oxidative stress inflammation aging muscle weakness pain
executive, activities of daily living, and cholinergic functions in parkinson's disease

Conditions: Parkinson's Disease

Summary: this research study will evaluate functions of memory, thinking, behavior, and daily life activities and how these relate to the measurement of certain chemicals (acetylcholine and dopamine) in the brain using an imaging procedure called positron emission tomography (pet). you may know that in alzheimer's dementia (dementia is a disease where persons become forgetful and confused), a reduction in the amount of acetylcholine, a "neurotransmitter" substance (a chemical messenger that nerve cells need to communicate with each other), may be responsible for some of the memory and behavioral changes. at the present time, the investigators have no clear information on the levels of acetylcholine in the brain of patients with parkinson's disease who also have memory or behavioral changes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pdd: patients who meet the uk parkinson's disease society brain bank research center (ukpdsbrc) clinical diagnostic criteria for pd with dementia (mmse 18-25; n=28; age 50-85 years; m/f) are eligible for the study. hoehn and yahr stages i-iii. * pd. patients with who meet the ukpdsbrc criteria for pd with a mmse of \>25 (n=28; age 50-85 years; m/f). hoehn and yahr stages i-iii. * normal control subjects (n=16) (age 50-85 years; m/f). * no current or past history of neurologic or psychiatric illness. exclusion criteria: * any subjects on cholinergic, anti-cholinergic drugs will be excluded from the study. * current or past history of neurologic or psychiatric illness.
eltrombopag used in thrombocytopenia after comsolidation therapy in aml

Conditions: Eltrombopag; Thrombocytopenia; Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Summary: eltrombopag has been used in the treatment of immune thrombocytopenia (itp), and significantly increased platelet count and decreased fatal hemorrage. as it's known that all patients with acute leukemia will experience bone marrow suppression and thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy. some patients even died of fatal bleeding during this period for lacking of platelet transfusion or platelet transfusion refractoriness. so a lot needs to be done to shortern thrombocytopenia time or reduce fatal hemorrage incidence after chemotherapy in acute leukemia patients. in this prospective randomized controlled study, the effect and safety of eltrombopag in the treatment of thrombocytopenia after consolidation therapy in acute myeloid leukemia (aml) is evaluated.

eltrombopag has been used in the treatment of immune thrombocytopenia (itp), and significantly increased platelet count and decreased fatal hemorrage. as it's known that all patients with acute leukemia will experience bone marrow suppression and thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy. some patients even died of fatal bleeding during this period for lacking of platelet transfusion or platelet transfusion refractoriness. so a lot needs to be done to shortern thrombocytopenia time or reduce fatal hemorrage incidence after chemotherapy in acute leukemia patients. in this prospective randomized controlled study, the effect and safety of eltrombopag in the treatment of thrombocytopenia after consolidation therapy in acute myeloid leukemia (aml) is evaluated.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: all patients with the age range from 14 to 60 years old with aml exclusive of apl in cr status; all those accepting ia or da (ida 10mg or dnr 45mg/m2, d1-3, ara-c 2g/m2 q12h, d1-3) or mdac (ara-c 2g/m2 q12h, d1-3) as consolidation regimens. exclusion criteria: those without obtaining cr; those experience more 6 cycles of chemotherapy; any abnormality in a vital sign (e.g., organ function failure, serious infection ); patients with any conditions not suitable for the trial (investigators' decision).
the effect of desfluran on global dna methylation

Conditions: DNA Damage

Summary: the purpose of this study is to demonstrate the molecular effect of desflurane on dna by measuring the global dna methylation level in patients under going lumbar spinal stenosis surgery under general anesthesia.

forty patients scheduled for lumbar spinal surgery will include in the study. peripheral venous blood samples will collect prior to the induction of anesthesia (t1) and after 120 minutes (t2). anesthesia will maintaine with 40%-60% o2-air mixture and 6% desflurane. dna will obtain from blood samples with the help of dna isolation kit and global dna methylation analysis will perform by elisa method.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. ability to understand and willingness to sign an informed consent form 2. elective lumbar spinal surgery that will take at least 120 minutes, 3. american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status i and ii 4. be between the ages of 18 and 65 exclusion criteria: 1. patients with asa physical status iii or iv disease 2. smoking or alcohol consumption 3. chronic systemic disease (diabetes mellitus,chronic pulmonary disorders, chronic kidney and liver disorders 4. recently received radiation, chemotherapy 5. malignancy 6. blood transfusion in operation 7. use of antioxidant supplements 8. have received general anesthesia in the last three months 9. patients with known occupational exposures (operating room personnel, chemical plant workers

Keywords: desflurane, dna methylation epigenetics inhalation anesthetics
comparison of brain volumes measured by 2d usg and mri

Conditions: Central Nervous System Vulnerabilities in Preterm Infants

Summary: cranial usg is simple and easy method to assess preterm infant brain. some studies showed that brain volumes of preterm infants could be calculated by measurement of 2d distances. our aim in this study was to compare brain volume obtained by usg and mri.

all preterm infants less than 32 weeks of gestational age undergo cranial usg examination routinely at least, in the first week of life, at the end of first month and corrected age 36 weeks and 40 weeks. we will performa all usg mesurements with measureing intracranial hegiht, anteroposterior diameter, biparietal diamater, ventriccular height, thalamo-occipital distance and ventricular index. we will calculate the brain volume as a spheric geometric shape than we will calculate two ventricles as conical shapes. absolute brain volume will be calculating by substracting two ventricles from total brain volume. at 40 weeks of age we will perform a cranial mri to show exact brain volume and we will ccompare two different methods.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all preterm infants under 32 weeks of gestational age and birth weight between 800-1200 grams * born in our hospital * alive during discharge exclusion criteria: * congenital anomalies * cranial bleeding * early death
brain involvement in dystrophinopathies part 1

Conditions: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy; Becker Muscular Dystrophy

Summary: the objective of this study is to collect data from a large cohort of individuals with dmd and bmd focusing on the neurobehavioural aspects of these conditions and their correlation to the location of the dmd gene mutation.

intellectual disability and neurobehavioural comorbidities affect at least 50% of the individuals with duchenne muscular dystrophy (dmd), which, although a rare genetic disease, is the most common form of muscular dystrophy in childhood. several studies have documented that 25% of the dmd population has intellectual disability with recent studies suggesting that autism and clinically relevant hyperactivity affects 20% and 25% of dmd boys respectively. a milder allelic variant, named becker muscular dystrophy (bmd), has similar prevalence in the population and is also associated with variable degrees of central nervous system (cns) comorbidities, which however have been less well defined. the investigators will address these deficiencies in a large multicentre study funded by the european commission (eu h2020) involving 6 countries (denmark; the netherlands; france; spain; italy and uk) with the largest european neuromuscular centres and advocacy groups. the aim will be to study the neurobehavioural aspects of dmd and bmd as well as their correlation to the genotype. this study will involve male participants with dmd aged 5-17 years and with bmd aged 5-50 years. it will comprise of online questionnaires that will be completed either by a parent of a participant \<17 years or an adult participant. the questionnaires take approximately 70 minutes to complete, however this can be done in multiple sittings. currently there is a lack of information to assist the prognosis of cns comorbidities, as existing databases and registries typically focus on the motor milestones and physical disability of these patients. there is therefore, an urgent need to present the course and outcomes in dmd and bmd patients with a wide range of dmd mutations, to provide information at the point of diagnosis and onwards for families, clinicians and service providers. it will also assist in paving the way to greater biological understanding and personalization of interventions.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: for dmd patients: * male * age 5-17 years * genetically-proven diagnosis of dmd * genetic mutation that abrogates expression of dp427 alone (assigned in dmd group 1: dp427-/dp140+) or both dp427 and dp140 (assigned to dmd group 2: dp427-/dp140-); or all isoforms (assigned to dmd group 3) for bmd patients: * age 5-50 years * genetically-proven diagnosis of bmd * genetic mutation that decreases expression of dp427 alone (assigned to bmd group 1), of both dp427 and dp140 (assigned to bmd group 2), or of all the isoforms (assigned to bmd group 3). exclusion criteria: * lack of a molecular diagnosis of dmd or bmd * mutation falls outside the regions of interest * a severe co-morbidity or planned surgical intervention within 6 months from the study which could interfere with the well-being of the participant
influences on hiv infected subjects' willingness to participate in research and ability to give informed consent

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: this protocol seeks to better understand the various factors which influence an hiv infected individual's decision to participate in clinical research, and especially how the offer of payment influences the decision to participate and understanding of the risks, benefits and purpose of the research. subjects will be hiv infected individuals participating in or being screened for participation in intramural hiv studies being conducted by the niaid, ccmd, and nci. willing subjects will be recruited from studies that offer payment and comparable studies that do not pay. the primary methodology is an interview via a survey schedule. use of the interview schedule will be preceded by a focus group of about 7-10 individuals and pretesting of the survey instrument. paid and unpaid subjects will be compared with respect to motivations, understanding, willingness to withdraw, and sociodemographics.

this protocol seeks to better understand the various factors which influence an hiv infected individual's decision to participate in clinical research, and especially how the offer of payment influences the decision to participate and understanding of the risks, benefits and purpose of the research. subjects will be hiv infected individuals participating in or being screened for participation in intramural hiv studies being conducted by the niaid, ccmd, and nci. willing subjects will be recruited from studies that offer payment and comparable studies that do not pay. the primary methodology is an interview via a survey schedule. use of the interview schedule will be preceded by a focus group of about 7-10 individuals and pretesting of the survey instrument. paid and unpaid subjects will be compared with respect to motivations, understanding, willingness to withdraw, and sociodemographics.

Eligibility criteria:
those hiv seropositive subjects participating in or being screened for participation in selected niaid or nci intramural hiv studies will be eligible for participation in this study. eligible subjects are those willing and able to provide their own informed consent. no subjects that are unable to speak english or are unable or unwilling to communicate with investigators for any reason.

Keywords: compensation motivations volunteers hiv
a comparative study of fv-100 vs. valacyclovir for the prevention of post-herpetic neuralgia

Conditions: Shingles; Herpes Zoster; Postherpetic Neuralgia

Summary: this is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, active controlled comparative study of the safety and efficacy of 2 dosing regimens of fv-100 versus valacyclovir administered for 7 days in subjects with uncomplicated ahz(acute herpes zoster).

this is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, active controlled comparative study of the safety and efficacy of 2 dosing regimens of fv-100 versus valacyclovir administered for 7 days in subjects with uncomplicated ahz(acute herpes zoster). subjects diagnosed with uncomplicated ahz within 72 hours of lesion appearance and worst pain of 4 or greater at day 1, will be randomized (1:1:1) to one of three treatment groups and will begin study treatment at the day 1 visit(within 72 hours of ahz lesion appearance) to either: 1. fv-100 400mg qd, 2. fv-100 400mg bid(total daily dose of 800mg), or 3. valacyclovir 1000mg 3 times a day for a total daily dose of 3000mg. subjects will be monitored for adverse events through day 21. efficacy assessments for lesion status and ahz pain are captured til day 120.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * receive a clinical diagnosis of uncomplicated ahz as evidenced by a unilateral dermatomal rash * have zoster-related pain * are able to be randomized and receive their first dose within approximately 120 hours from appearance of rash exclusion criteria: * have multidermal or disseminated ahz * have facial, ophthalmologic or oral manifestations * have received zostavax
the vitamin d dose-response relationship

Conditions: Vitamin D Status

Summary: the purpose of the study is to determine the importance of the uv intensity and the uvb dose on the vitamin d response after uvb.

the work is addressing vitamin d production after uvb exposure and explore the importance of uvb dose and uv intensity. four different uvb doses and four different uv intensities are used to explore these relationships. many assumptions have been made concerning the vitamin d production after uvb exposure but only few studies exist.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18-65 years * healthy exclusion criteria: * sun bed use * holiday or business travel south of 45 degrees latitude during trial * illness * drug addiction * pregnancy * lactating

Keywords: vitamin d uvb dose-response uv intensity skin cancer
safety and tolerability study of levetiracetam to treat patients with status epilepticus

Conditions: Status Epilepticus

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether levetiracetam is safe and well tolerated by patients while suffering a status epilepticus. levetiracetam is added to the standard treatment of patients with this disease.

status epilepticus (se) is a disorder with high mortality and morbidity. there are strong indications that ongoing seizure activity substantially reduces the chances on a good outcome. this implies that optimal treatment of se should start as soon as possible. unfortunately, treatment options are limited and often based on little evidence. besides, current treatment options are hampered by serious side-effects like respiratory depression and impaired consciousness. therefore, the advent of new and effective anti-epileptic drugs (aeds) is of great potential interest for the treatment of se. presently, the newer aeds are mainly used in later stages of se at a time when the disease is often more difficult to control. the characteristics of one of these recently introduced anticonvulsants i.e. levetiracetam seems to provide a number of fortunate properties for application as first-line treatment of se. the complicating side-effects of "classical" aeds, like a decrease in cardiorespiratory function or in level of consciousness are hardly present. besides, levetiracetam may lower the need for benzodiazepines, reducing chances on respiratory depression by benzodiazepines at higher doses. due to a remarkable synergism with first-line administered benzodiazepines, levetiracetam may therefore reduce the need for intubation or icu treatment. besides, it may enhance the immediate cessation of seizures, prolong the anti-seizure activity of benzodiazepines and provide neuroprotective properties. the sustained efficacy of levetiracetam would suggest that long term sequelae secondary to neurological damage, may also be reduced. levetiracetam iv has recently been shown to be safe in healthy volunteers, and becomes available for iv application in clinical practice, early 2006. to date, there are hardly any data available on its applicability in medical emergencies like se. we propose as a first step the executing of a phase ii study on tolerability and safety of intravenous levetiracetam in patients with se. current first-line treatment of se consists of standardized administration of benzodiazepines. for the study we propose to apply this regimen together with the iv administration of levetiracetam as add-on therapy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age: ≥18 years of age * all types of se, diagnosed by the medical examiner according to the predefined definition. absence se has to be confirmed by eeg. * woman: 18-50 years of age of whom is known, from anamnesis or hetero-anamnesis (first line relative), that she is not pregnant. exclusion criteria: * woman \< 50 years of age, without information on pregnancy * known pregnancy * known allergy for levetiracetam * daily dose levetiracetam of more than 2000mg/day

Keywords: levetiracetam status epilepticus