Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
covid-19 health messaging to underserved communities

Conditions: Coronavirus

Summary: recent data have shown that covid19 is disproportionately infecting and killing african americans and latinx people in the united states. the aim of the study is to determine which messages are most effective at increasing knowledge and changing behaviors that can protect individuals and their communities from the virus. to accomplish this aim, we plan to recruit approximately 20,000 hispanic and african-american individuals and randomly assign them to videos that vary either the sender or the framing of the message, while providing the relevant public health information.

the following procedures will be followed. the research subjects will participate online. 1. doctors from mgh who express interest in participating will record messages according to our scripts (us doctors script african american, us doctors script latinx). they will be instructed to film several different versions each. 2. we will recruit a sample of latinx and african american study participants from across the country through lucid, an online survey firm that has access to a large subject pool. 3. participants will first read a consent script and give us their informed consent (us doctors messaging consent) 4. participants will then navigate through the following steps 1. brief demographics survey questions (us doctors messaging survey) 2. videos 1 and 2: introduction, acknowledgement, social distancing (us doctors script african american, us doctors script latinx). individuals in the control group will not see videos. 3. beliefs survey questions (us doctors messaging survey) 4. video 3: masks (us doctors script african american, us doctors script latinx). again, individuals in the control group will not see a video here. 5. main outcomes survey (us doctors messaging survey) 6. control group is shown a version of all 3 videos at end (us doctors script african american, us doctors script latinx). 5. the video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. the different versions are clearly demarcated in the us doctors scripts document. 1. racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject. 2. whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation. 3. whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by dr. birx of the cdc or recorded by the mgh physicians. 4. whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. this information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey. 5. some individuals in a control group will only see messages after all surveying has been completed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: hispanic and african-american adult individuals, men and women - oversample of those with less completed education exclusion criteria: children, those who do not identify as above
phase 4 iop signals associated with iluvien®

Conditions: Diabetic Macular Edema (DME)

Summary: this study will assess the safety in patients treated with iluvien, with primary focus on iop.

the specific objectives include the study of intraocular pressure (iop) related data in patients who received iluvien and how it relates to the patient's experiences following prior treatment with a course of corticosteroid which did not result in a clinically significant iop elevation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who are eligible for treatment with iluvien based on the prescribing information. exclusion criteria: * patients who are unable to understand and sign the informed consent form.
pilot study on the use of the matrix radiofrequencyfor treatment of port wine stain birthmarks

Conditions: Port Wine Stain

Summary: port wine stain, also called nevus flammeus, is a congenital, cutaneous vascular malformation involving post-capillary venules which produces a light pink to red to dark-red-violet discoloration of the skin. it is estimated that port wine stain occurs in 3 children per 1,000 live births. approximately 900,000 individuals in the united states and twenty million people worldwide have port wine stain birthmarks .

the purpose of this research study is to improve port wine stain treatment after matrix radiofrequency device treatment. the matrix radiofrequency device energy generates fractional deep dermal heating in the region of the electrode matrix to induce skin injury, thus eliciting a wound healing response. less affected tissue surrounding the matrix points may be stimulated by heat which helps accelerate the healing process, while at the same time minimizing adverse effects such as scarring or changes in the normal skin pigmentation. the researcher can determine port wine stain areas treated with the matrix radiofrequency device will have improved port wine stain blanching responses as compared to those areas treated by pulsed dye laser.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * port wine stain birthmarks suitable for comparison testing * age \> 18 years of age exclusion criteria: * less than 18 years old * are pregnant or breastfeeding * other history assess by the investigator
the antagonistic effect of plant nutrients on health damage caused by environmental pollutants

Conditions: Intestinal Functional Disorder; Inflammation

Summary: the study attempts to conduct randomized controlled trials to understand whether daily exposure to environmental pollutants can cause harm to human health, explore whether the intake of plant nutritional supplements can alleviate potential health hazards caused by environmental pollutants, and provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of health hazards caused by environmental pollutant exposure.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * volunteers aged 18-65, * bmi\<35 kg/m2, * agreed and signed an informed consent form. exclusion criteria: * suffering from known congenital or acquired immunodeficiency diseases, allergic diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, and other acute and chronic diseases that require treatment; * within one month before the experiment, use immunosuppressive drugs, antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, synthetic bacteria, or other drugs that are active in gastrointestinal motility; * consume nutritional supplements within one month before the experiment; * basic medical history (hypertension, diabetes); having bad habits (smoking, drinking); * receive influenza vaccine within 12 months before the experiment; * during pregnancy or lactation; * weight changes exceeding 5% within the three months prior to the experiment; * has been enrolled or planned to be enrolled in other studies.
leveraging social networks to improve sleep and mindfulness among older adults in residential housing facilities

Conditions: Aging; Cognitive Impairment; Sleep

Summary: the aim of this study is to design a sleep and mindfulness intervention to improve sleep, quality of life, and cognitive function among older adults.

the proposed r34 planning grant will the design and adapt a sleep, mindfulness, and sleep disorders education intervention entitled to cognitively unimpaired older adults residing in housing facilities. novel, social network techniques will be used to identify opinion leaders who will assist with message dissemination. this grant will adapt content from an existing, evidence-based sleep health program to the needs of older adults. in addition, the adapted sleep health program will be coupled with mindfulness content then disseminated in a small pilot study to ascertain feasibility and acceptability of the proposed novel social network approach for deploying the adapted sleep health and mindfulness program in a planned r01. the data collected in this r34 will include qualitative interview and usability interview data where cognitively unimpaired older adults will be recruited and asked to provide input to the messages and approach. target outcomes will also be collected in the planned pilot, including survey responses to sleep, sleep disorders evaluation/care, quality of life, and cognition. finally, fitbit data will also be captured for 2 weeks at several time points during the pilot study (baseline, 2-months, and 6-months).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * older adults (age 55 years of age and above) residing in residential facilities. exclusion criteria: * severe cognitive impairment according to the montreal cognitive assessment (moca).

Keywords: sleep health healthy lifestyle behavioral intervention
the effectiveness of nebulized hypertonic saline solution for acute bronchiolitis

Conditions: Bronchiolitis

Summary: this study evaluates the effectiveness of nebulized 3% hypertonic saline solution with salbutamol in the treatment of children under 2 years, hospitalised for acute viral bronchiolitis. half of the participants will receive nebulized 3% hypertonic saline solution with salbutamol three times daily, the other half will receive standard supportive care, which is the cornerstone of the bronchiolitis management.

acute viral bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract infection in infants up to two years old. currently there is no effective treatment so standard treatment remains supportive care with supplemental oxygen to correct hypoxia, minimal handling to minimise the risk of exhaustion and the provision of fluids. in recent years some studies have suggested that nebulised hypertonic saline, which improve airway hygiene, may influence the course of the illness and reduce the duration of hospitalisation without significant side effects. study protocol: half of the included patients will receive standard treatment for bronchiolitis, which includes only supportive care, the other half will additionally receive nebulized 3% hypertonic saline solution with salbutamol (to avoid potential bronchial obstruction) three times daily.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * first episode of bronchiolitis: viral lower respiratory tract infection with signs of airway obstruction (hyperinflated lungs, tachypnea, increased work of breathing) and crepitations on auscultations * admission to the hospital * wang css between 3 and 9 * randomisation within 4 hours of admission exclusion criteria: * a history or previous episodes of bronchiolitis/bronchitis * primary diseases: gastro-oesophageal reflux, chronic cardiac or pulmonary diseases including suspected asthma, immunodeficiency, conditions with hypotonia where more severe course of bronchiolitis is expected * newborns * premature infants born \< 36 weeks of gestation * oxygen saturation \< 85% and patients requiring admission to high dependency or intensive care units at presentation

Keywords: 3% hypertonic solution duration of hospitalisation
post market (libra/libraxp system) deep brain stimulation (dbs) parkinson's disease study

Conditions: Parkinson's Disease

Summary: the objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of deep brain stimulation as an adjunctive treatment for reducing some of the symptoms of advanced, levodopa-responsive parkinson's disease that are not adequately controlled with medication. it is the first study in parkinson patients outside the us with a deep brain stimulation system using constant current instead of constant voltage and using a lead with an active electrode tip.

this study is designed as a prospective, observational, non-randomized, multi-centered study for 12 months in duration from implantation with the subjects being used as their own control. the primary outcome assessment will occur at three months: however, subjects will be followed for one year. a comparison of measures within the same person from pre-treatment to post-treatment will be performed. also, pre-treatment and post-treatment group means and standard deviations will be determined.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: subjects enrolled in this study must meet the following inclusion criteria: 1. subject has signed an informed consent. 2. subject has been diagnosed, by a neurologist, with idiopathic parkinson's disease. 3. subject is a candidate for surgery. 4. subject is 18 to 80 years of age. 5. subject has a history of improvement of parkinson's symptoms as a direct result of administering l-dopa to the subject with at least a 25% improvement in unified parkinson's disease rating scale (updrs) motor score or subject has been diagnosed with tremor-dominant parkinson's disease. 6. subject should be stable on anti-parkinson's disease medication for at least one month prior to study enrollment. exclusion criteria: subjects will be excluded from the study if they meet any of the following criteria: 1. subject has any major illness or medical condition that in the opinion of the physician would interfere with participation in the study. 2. subject has non-treated clinically significant depression or any other significant psychiatric co-morbidities. 3. subject has any condition requiring repeated mri scans; 4. subject has any condition requiring diathermy; 5. subject is on anticoagulant medications and is unable to interrupt for time of procedure. 6. subject has a history of cranial surgery. 7. subject has dementia that interferes with their ability to co-operate or comply with study requirements or comprehend the informed consent as determined by the investigator. 8. subject abuses drugs or alcohol. 9. subject has a history of seizure 10. subject has confirmation of diagnosis of a terminal illness associated with survival \<12 months. 11. female that is lactating or of childbearing potential with positive urine pregnancy test or not using adequate birth control. 12. subject has participated in a drug, device or biological trial within the preceding 30 days.
efficacy, safety and tolerability of rivastigmine patch in patients with mild to moderate alzheimer's disease switched from cholinesterase inhibitors

Conditions: Alzheimer's Disease

Summary: this is a multicenter study to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of rivastigmine patch in patients with mild to moderate alzheimer's disease switched from cholinesterase inhibitors.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a diagnosis of dementia of the alzheimer's type according to the dsm-iv criteria * a clinical diagnosis of probable ad according to nincds/adrda criteria * an mmse score of \> or = 10 and \< or = 23 * continuous treatment with donepezil ≤ 5 mg/day or galantamine ≤ 24 mg/day for 4 weeks prior to baseline visit * patients having difficulties being treated orally with che inhibitors (donepezil or galantamine) as judged by the investigator. difficulties are defined as: * inadequate compliance with the che inhibitors at screening and baseline * presence of caregiver's burden for administering drugs orally at screening and baseline * inadequate treatment (efficacious dose cannot be reached or inadequate compliance) with the che inhibitors because of adverse events at screening and baseline * patients with swallowing difficulties at screening and baseline exclusion criteria: * a current dsm-iv diagnosis of major depression * taken rivastigmine in the past * a score of \> 5 on the modified hachinski ischemic scale (mhis) other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply

Keywords: rivastigmine alzheimer's disease transdermal patch
real world covid-19 antiviral effectiveness research

Conditions: COVID-19

Summary: this study is a prospective observational cohort study to evaluate the benefit of oral antivirals (nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir or molnupiravir) in ministry of health institutions. in this study, we will observe the progress of covid-19 study participants seen in the health clinic up to 90 days from their initial visit to the health clinic.

this protocol is a prospective, multi-center, observational cohort study to evaluate the benefit of oral antivirals (nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir or molnupiravir) in ministry of health institutions in preventing progression of covid-19 to severe covid-19. in this study, we will observe the clinical outcomes (covid-19 symptoms, hospitalization admission, mortality, long term covid-19 symptoms) of covid-19 study participants seen in the health clinic up to 90 days from their initial visit to the health clinic . the hypothesis is that oral antiviral is beneficial in preventing disease progression and reducing long term covid-19 symptoms.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all sars-cov-2 positive individuals who are eligible for oral antiviral treatment based on current ministry of health malaysia guidelines. exclusion criteria: * individual who received oral antiviral (either nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir or monupiravir) more than 5 days following their positive sars-cov-2 test date

Keywords: oral antivirals high risk patients
fentanyl effect on blood pressure in elderly patients after induction of general anesthesia

Conditions: Hypotension

Summary: hypotension is frequently encountered after induction of general anesthesia. it can be pronounced in elderly patients and can require administration of vasopressor agents including ephedrine and phenylephrine. intraoperative hypotension, especially prolonged episodes, can contribute to an increase in morbidity and mortality in the postoperative period as suggested by some former studies. the investigators hypothesize that fentanyl can contribute to the decrease in blood pressure (bp) that is seen after induction of general anesthesia in older patients. this hypotension may be due to fentanyl blocking effect on the sympathetic nervous system. this study will be the first one to examine the effect of fentanyl administration on blood pressure in elderly patients with induction of general anesthesia prior to the start of surgery. if the study shows that fentanyl contributes to hypotension during this period, it may lead to a change in practice and better patient outcomes and mortality rates.

this is a prospective double-blinded randomized controlled trial (rct) where patients will be assigned randomly by the investigational pharmacist. patients will be assigned to one of three groups: (1) a control group that receives 0.9 mcg/kg sodium chloride (nacl), (2) a fentanyl group that receives 1 mcg/kg fentanyl, or (3) a fentanyl group that receives 2 mcg/kg fentanyl. the definition of intraoperative hypotension in this study is defined as a mean blood pressure (map) less than 25% compared to the baseline value (i.e., the participants' first blood pressure reading after entering the operating room). all study drug agents will be dispensed by the pharmacy in five milliliter syringes labeled as "study medication". the volume of any of the three study medication will be adjusted by the pharmacist to reflect an equal volume.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age: 60 years and older * patients coming from home (including those who will be admitted post-operatively) * surgeries with general anesthesia alone or if combined with peripheral nerve blocks * patients must be seen at the russo operating room at loyola medical center (maywood, il) exclusion criteria: * age less than 60 * patient refusal * inpatient or emergency cases * patients having combined general anesthesia and epidural anesthesia * patients with a pre-induction mean arterial blood pressure (map) less than 50 or greater than 150 * patients who will receive rapid sequence induction with succinylcholine * patients scheduled for cardiovascular surgery * patients scheduled for inhalational induction * patients with weight greater than 125 kg * patients with a history of chronic opioid use

Keywords: anesthesia fentanyl elderly
antiviral therapy in treating patients with slowly progressing hiv-related kaposi's sarcoma

Conditions: Sarcoma

Summary: rationale: hiv virus is found in the lesions of most patients with kaposi's sarcoma, and may have a role in causing kaposi's sarcoma. antiviral therapy acts against the hiv virus and may be an effective treatment for kaposi's sarcoma. purpose: this phase ii trial is studying how well antiviral therapy works in treating patients with slowly progressing hiv-related kaposi's sarcoma.

objectives: * determine the efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) in treating patients with hiv-related stage i-iii nonaggressive epidemic kaposi's sarcoma. outline: patients receive therapy consisting of nucleoside analogues (rti) and protease inhibitors (pi). patients may receive either 2 rtis or 2 rtis plus 2 pis. treatment continues for 12 weeks, then progression is assessed. patients with stable or regressing kaposi's sarcoma (ks) with a viral load of greater than 500 copies of rna/ml may continue with the therapy (if the viral load has decreased by greater than 2 logs) or may modify therapy (if the viral load has decreased less than 2 logs). patients with progressive disease may begin chemotherapy but continue to receive the antiretroviral therapy. treatment continues for at least 48 weeks. patients are followed every 8 weeks until week 48. projected accrual: this study will accrue a total of 14-25 patients.

Eligibility criteria:
disease characteristics: * stage i-iii (nyu) kaposi's sarcoma that is slowly progressive * stable disease without progression in diameter of tumor or in number of lesions (less than 50% increase in 3 months) * no progressive disease during or after treatment for kaposi's sarcoma * level of viral load detectable independently from cd4+ cells * no other active aids pathologies patient characteristics: age: * 18 and over performance status: * ecog 0-3 life expectancy: * not specified hematopoietic: * wbc greater than 1500/mm3 * hemoglobin greater than 8 mg/dl hepatic: * bilirubin less than 2.5 times normal * ast and alt less than 5 times normal * alkaline phosphatase less than 2.5 times normal renal: * creatinine less than 2.5 times normal other: * no prior malignancy except carcinoma in situ of the cervix or nonmelanomatous skin cancer * no active cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex 1 or 2, or herpes zoster infection requiring treatment prior concurrent therapy: biologic therapy: * not specified chemotherapy: * not specified endocrine therapy: * not specified radiotherapy: * not specified surgery: * not specified other * no prior antiretroviral therapy or * no prior highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) * no concurrent acyclovir, ganciclovir, foscarnet, or cidofovir

Keywords: aids-related kaposi sarcoma
intraoperative electrical stimulation to improve nerve grafting outcome

Conditions: Facial Paralysis

Summary: a research study to find out if brief intraoperative electrical stimulation therapy improves nerve regeneration and smile outcomes following two-stage cross face nerve graft facial reanimation surgery.

participants that choose to enroll in this study will be randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to a "treatment" or "control" group. in either group, patients will receive the same care as they normally would except for two minor differences. first, patients in both groups undergo nerve biopsies during surgery; these biopsies do not affect the length or outcome of surgery. second, the treatment group will receive brief electrical stimulation therapy for approximately 10 minutes during the first stage cross-face nerve graft surgery. the purpose of this study is to evaluate efficacy of an intraoperative dose of brief electrical stimulation (bes) to improve axonal regeneration across a cross-face nerve graft (cfng) using nerve histology and to evaluate clinical outcomes of treatment and control groups using clinician graded, patient reported, and objective smile metric.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients 18-80 years-old with unilateral facial paralysis who are candidates for two- stage cfng smile reanimation surgery (i.e. cfng-driven free gracilis muscle transfer (fgmt) or dual innervation fgmt). 2. agree to participate in the study. exclusion criteria: 1. bilateral facial paralysis 2. age less than 18 years-old or older than 80 years-old 3. comorbid medical condition preventing two-stage cfng surgery