Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
how stress alters opioid drug effects

Conditions: Motivation; Drug Effect; Stress Reaction; Misuse, Opioid

Summary: the main objective of the study is to test the hypothesis that opioid drug effects vary as a function of pre-drug affective state. specifically, it is hypothesized that social stress induction enhances opioid drug wanting compared a non-stress control condition.

healthy participants complete four experiment sessions in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized repeated-measures psychopharmacological study. participants completed four combinations of pre-drug state induction (social stress or no-stress) and drug (intravenous oxycodone or saline). temporary and reversible social stress is induced using the repeatable social stress test (resst) which enables repeated administrations of stress-inductions. across four sessions participants experience two carefully tailored tasks to provoke the experience of social evaluative threat and two non-stressful control tasks. after each state inductions, participants receive an injection of opioid drug or saline. after a drug absorption phase and viewing of a state reinstatement video designed to evoke a mild form of social evaluative threat participants perform a drug-self-administration test to determine the potency of a second dose. self-reported affect, mental and physiological state and drug effects are assessed throughout the session.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * mentally and physically healthy * body mass index (bmi) in the healthy range (18.5 \< bmi \< 30) * normal or corrected vision * had received an opioid drug at least once in their lifetime (to ensure no severe adverse or allergic reactions). exclusion criteria: * any significant physical health problem (e.g., heart, lung, kidney, liver, and other conditions) * current or past substance use problems * current mental health problems * past mental health problems beyond mild episodic anxiety or depression * social anxiety or fear of public speaking * past or current chronic pain * pregnancy or breastfeeding * recent use of any contraindicating medications * prior difficulty in providing blood samples. all exclusion criteria required a 'yes' or 'no' response from participants. participants were also asked to report any illnesses or medical conditions that were not covered by the questions in the clinical interview. mental health and substance use were assessed during the clinical interview using the mini-international neuropsychiatric interview (mini). the interview required binary responses to questions regarding a wide range of psychological symptoms relevant for dsm-iv (diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders) and icd-10 (international classification of diseases) psychiatric disorders. interviewers then used the pre-defined cut offs relevant to the severity of symptoms for each psychiatric disorder to assist the clinical judgement.
standard colonoscopy versus colonoscopy with endocuff vision

Conditions: Colorectal Polyp; Colorectal Adenoma; Colon Cancer

Summary: this study seeks to compare colonoscopy results between a standard method and one using a distal scope attachment (endocuff vision).

for this study, subjects will be randomized into one of two groups (those who receive a standard colonoscopy and those who receive a colonoscopy with an endocuff vision attachment). results will then be compared between the two; these include insertion time (time it takes to reach the cecum of the large intestine), inspection time (time spent examining the large intestine), the total time per each polypectomy (removal of polyps in the colon), and the total procedure time of the colonoscopy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject referred for a screening or surveillance colonoscopy * subject is aged 40 years or older * subject has the ability to provide informed consent exclusion criteria: * prior history of colon cancer * history of inflammatory bowel disease * prior surgical resection of any part of the colon * use of antiplatelet agents or anticoagulants that precludes the removal of polyps during the procedure * history of polyposis syndrome or hnpcc * family history of colon cancer in a first-degree relative \< 60 years or two first degree relatives with colorectal cancer * inability to provide informed consent

Keywords: colonoscopy screening colonscopy procedure
renal effects of two iodinated contrast media in patients at risk undergoing computed tomography

Conditions: Renal Insufficiency; Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: it is well known that x-ray contrast media can affect kidney function in some patients, especially when administered intra-arterially, and patients who already suffer from reduced kidney function and diabetes mellitus may be at increased risk. it is widely accepted to use low-osmolar or iso-osmolar contrast media, especially in patients at risk for contrast media-induced nephropathy. however, little is known about the intravenous use of x-ray contrast media in risk patients, such as contrast-enhanced ct examinations. the main purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the effects on kidney function of two contrast media, the iso-osmolar iodixanol and the low-osmolar iopamidol in patients at risk of kidney damage associated with the injection of contrast media. due to the iso-osmolar feature, it is expected less influence on renal function following administration of iodixanol. a standard hydration procedure, based on available guidelines will be given to all patients to prevent negative effects on the kidneys. serum creatinine (scr ) concentrations will be measured before and up to 7 days after contrast media administration to evaluate the effects on renal function.

gehc has decided not to provide this detail

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with a combination of diabetes mellitus (type i or ii) and renal impairment who are referred for a contrast-enhanced ct examination. exclusion criteria: * concurrent administration of potentially nephroprotective or nephrotoxic drugs is not permitted. * patients undergoing dialysis or kidney transplantation will not be included.

Keywords: iodixanol iopamidol computed tomography patients with pre-existing renal impairment and diabetes
effect of rheumatic heart disease on maternal and fetal outcomes

Conditions: Rheumatic; Heart Disease, Maternal, Affecting Fetus

Summary: it's prospective cohort study to compare maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant females between corrected and uncorrected rheumatic valve lesions

heart disease is one of the most important medical complications during pregnancy as it is one of the common, indirect obstetric causes of maternal death. approximately 1% of pregnancies are complicated by cardiac disease . rheumatic heart disease (rhd) is the most common acquired heart disease in pregnancy rhd is a chronic acquired heart disorder resulting from acute rheumatic fever. in developing countries, rhd continues to be a major cause of cardiac morbidity and mortality especially among young adult females in pregnancies complicated with cardiac disorders, maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity depend on the type of disorder, the functional status of the patient and the complications associated with the pregnancy. mitral stenosis is the most common valvular lesion in women with rheumatic heart disease, remains the most common acquired valvular lesion in pregnant women and the most common cause of maternal death from cardiac causes . although mortality is not high in women, the rate of fetal morbidity rises with the severity of mitral stenosis from 14% in pregnant patients with mild mitral stenosis , to 28% in women with moderate mitral stenosis and 33% in pregnant patients with severe mitral stenosis (area \<1.5 cm2). in the second and third trimesters, when maternal blood volume and cardiac output peak, heart failure may occur in pregnant women with moderate or severe mitral stenosis, even in previously asymptomatic women . the rates of prematurity in fetus of women with rheumatic heart diseases are 20% to 30%, fetal growth restriction 5% to 20%, and stillbirth (1% to 3%). the advancement in cardiology and obstetrics has provided major improvements in the management of pregnant patients with cardiac disorders. now we are facing more women with previous history of surgical correction of rheumatic heart disease. vaginal delivery is considered in women with mild mitral stenosis, and in patients with moderate mitral stenosis ,. even in women with severe ms in whom symptoms are new york heart association (nyha) class i-ii without pulmonary hypertension, vaginal delivery is considered cesarean section may be preferred in patients with severe mitral stenosis with nyha class iii-iv symptoms, or who have pulmonary hypertension despite medical therapy. therapeutic options for in women with rheumatic heart disease include both medical and surgical alternatives, as well as catheter-based interventions the choice dependent on the degree of valvular affection and patient symptoms. there are few studies that compare the maternal and fetal outcomes in women with rheumatic heart disease between patient with corrected and uncorrected valve lesions

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pregnant females with rheumatic heart disease exclusion criteria: * other heart diseases ( cardiomyopathy , myocardial infarction ...etc.

Keywords: rheumatic pregnancy
audiometric parameters in conductive hearing loss and middle ear disease

Conditions: Otosclerosis; Tympanic Membrane Perforation

Summary: we study audiometric parameters including transient otoacoustic emissions, pure-tone audiometry for air- and bone-conduction, and spondaic speech recognition thresholds for air- and bone conduction in a pre- and postoperative situation in patients due for surgery for tympanic membrane perforations and otosclerosis. the hypotheses are that the precision of the preoperative assessment may be increased, and our knowledge about the effect on the inner ear by middle ear surgery may be increased.

consecutive patients 12 years or older due for myringoplasty or stapes surgery at the ent-department, university hospital of tromsø, in an approximate time span of one year, have been studied with the following audiometric investigations at the preoperative admission, 2, 6 and 12 months postoperatively: transient otoacoustic emissions, pure-tone audiometry for air- and bone-conduction, speech audiometry using spondaic recognition for air and bone-conduction. results will be statistically analysed using the statistical package for the social sciences, with the unoperated ear (paired organ) serving as controls. the goal is to look at alternative methods for analysing the patients' preoperative hearing in order to increase the precision of clinical decision-making. the secondary goal is to elucidate the effects of middle ear surgery on the inner ear.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * tympanic membrane perforation without chronic secretion or cholesteatoma * suspected otosclerosis exclusion criteria: * below 12 years of age * patient not consenting to study * perioperative findings suggesting chronic otitis or cholesteatoma * patients not fluent in norwegian or unable to cooperate in audiometry
individual versus group-based exercise rehabilitation for shoulder disorders: a randomised controlled trial

Conditions: Shoulder Pain

Summary: degenerative shoulder disorders are frequent in the danish population and often cause disability and sick leave. after hospital discharge patients are often referred to physiotherapy rehabilitation as part of the treatment, and it is often assumed that one-on-one sessions will yield better results than group-based sessions, because individual needs can be better meet and targeted the project aims to evaluate the effect and cost-effectiveness of group- based exercise rehabilitation as compared to individual exercise rehabilitation in patients with degenerative shoulder disorders. .

the study is a three-armed controlled randomized trial in which a total of 180 patients referred to the municipal rehabilitation after hospital treatment due to shoulder disorders in 6 municipalities in region midtjylland expected to participate. patients will be allocated to either 1) group-based rehabilitation 2) individual rehabilitation or 3) home exercise.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years and above, ability to speak and understand danish and referred to physiotherapy rehabilitation after hospital conservative or surgical treatment under diagnose of rotator cuff/shoulder impingement or acromioclavicular osteoarthritis (international classification of diseases 10th revision \[icd-10\] group m75.1-m75.8, m19.8). exclusion criteria: * influence of co-morbidity, psychiatric illness, pregnancy, fullthickness rotator cuff tear, rotator cuff repair surgery, traumatic lesion, rheumatoid arthritis, frozen shoulder, glenohumeral osteoarthritis.

Keywords: shoulder pain physiotherapy rehabilitation exercise
jogging in the change of osteoporosis

Conditions: Osteoporosis

Summary: to test the changes in osteoarthritis according to the x-rays, and changes in bone quality before and 1 or more years after beginning the jogging

patients in this research are given an entry bone densitometry（dexa）scan and are required to advance from 3-minute jogging a day to 10-minute level in daily practice for 1 year as instructed. after 1 year, subsequent dexa scans are recorded. interested participants are also encouraged to have hip and spine x-rays, and bone quality studies on study entry and two years later. actual subject participation, intercurrent illnesses, fractures and changes in medication are self-monitored. results are calculated by change in bone mineral density in the lumbar spine, hips and femurs by the dexa scan in the study. dose-response relationships between the amount of jogging and bone mineral density are sought. jogging-related fractures and other adverse effects are also noted.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: past dexa scan and, all within 6 months of study entry, dexa scan and normal values for: metabolic panel, tsh, pth, esr (or crp), vitamin d 25 hydroxy, vitamin d 1,25 dihydroxy, urine ntx exclusion criteria: known metabolic bone disease such as osteogenesis imperfecta, current treatment with steroids, chemotherapy, or currently healing fractures of lumbar spine, hips or femurs, severe heart disease

Keywords: osteoporosis bone diseases
liposomal bupivacaine for pain control following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Conditions: Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture

Summary: this study will consist of 80 patients ages 18 to 50 at the emory orthopaedic and spine center who are undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (acl) reconstruction with a quadriceps tendon autograft or bone patellar tendon bone autograft by dr. karas or dr. xerogeanes. patients will be randomized into treatment and control arms. the treatment arm will include 40 patients receiving liposomal bupivacaine intra-operatively in addition to the current standard pain control regimen. the control group will include 40 patients receiving the standard post-operative pain control regimen. patients will be assessed to identify differences in post-operative pain, satisfaction, as well as concomitant pain medication use. post-operative range of motion will also be assessed.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ages between 18 and 50 chronological years undergoing acl reconstruction using a quadriceps tendon or btb autograft. exclusion criteria: * patients with known allergies to local anesthetics * pregnant patients * patients with a history of liver disease * patients undergoing bilateral procedures * patients undergoing revision acl surgery and patients undergoing acl reconstruction using pediatric physeal sparing techniques * patients will also be excluded if any clinically significant event or condition is discovered during the time of, or after surgery that may render them medically unstable, or subject them to a surgical complication.
left ventricular pacing to avoid cardiac enlargement study

Conditions: Complete AV Block; Sick Sinus Syndrome

Summary: in this study, the investigators will examine whether left ventricular pacing is superior to right ventricular apical pacing in preventing deterioration of left ventricular systolic function and cardiac remodeling in patients with bradycardia with high risk for development of pacing-induced heart failure.

in this prospective, we will randomly assign 98 patients who need permanent pacemaker due to complete atrioventricular block or sick sinus syndrome to receive left ventricular pacing (49 patients) or right ventricular apical pacing (49 patients). patients will be paced with temporary pacemaker lead, and only those with paced qrs duration ≥185 ms will be enrolled. the primary endpoint is left ventricular ejection fraction measured by modified simpson method at 12 months. the secondary end points include left ventricular systolic end-systolic and diastolic volume, lv strain, nyha functional class, exercise performance (using treadmill test), quality of life (using sf-36v2), nt-probnp at 12 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * sinus-node dysfunction or bradycardia due to advanced atrioventricular block * paced qrs duration ≥185 ms exclusion criteria: * left ventricular ejection fraction \< 50 % * acute coronary syndrome * if they had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary-artery bypass surgery within the previous 3 months * if they had a life expectancy of less than 1 year * if they had received a heart transplant

Keywords: left ventricular pacing
safety and efficacy of oshadi d and oshadi r in basal cell carcinoma patients prior to tumor excision a phase 2 study

Conditions: BCC

Summary: this study is single-arm, none randomized, open label, two-dose-cohorts, single center clinical trial for evaluation of the safety and efficacy of oshadi d and oshadi r in patients with bcc. patients will receive oshadi d and oshadi r for 60 -90 days until the planned surgical excision of the lesion.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \> 21 years old with tissue confirmed diagnosis of local bcc. * patient is candidate for surgical excision of the bcc in few months. * bcc lesion ≥10mm in its longest diameter. * sexually active fertile patients and their partners must agree to use medically accepted methods of contraception during therapy and 3 months after the last dose of the study drugs. * female patients of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test at screening. * patient must understand and be willing to give written informed consent prior to any study procedures or evaluations and be willing to adhere to all study schedules and requirements. exclusion criteria: * uncontrolled intercurrent illness or any history of significant cardiac, renal, neurologic, metabolic, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, hematologic abnormality, chronic hepatic disease or any other disease which in the judgment of the investigator would interfere with the study or confound the results. * other active cancer disease. * serum creatinine \> 1.5 mg/dl for males and \>1.4 mg/dl for females. * female patient who are breastfeeding or have a positive pregnancy test at screening or at any time during the study. * any acute cardiovascular event during the last 6 months prior to inclusion. * symptomatic congestive heart failure with ejection fraction \< 30%. * patient has prothrombin time/international normalization ration (pt/inr) or partial thromboplastin time (ptt) test results \> 1.3 unl. * hemoglobin ≤ 11 g/dl * platelets \< 150,000 per microliter * white blood cell count\<3,000 x109/l and/or absolute neutrophils count \<1.5 x 109/l * significant swallowing disorders. * history of small bowel surgery. * any history of pelvic or abdominal radiation. * pre-existing mal-absorption syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome or other clinical situation which could affect oral absorption. * mental disorders. * inability to give written informed consent.

Keywords: bcc
wide use of paperless partograph in evaluation of labour

Conditions: Labor Complication; Labor Pain

Summary: paperless partograph wide using in labour room as simple tool in evaluation of labour

both world health organization ( who) partograph and modified world heath organization (who)partograph are too long labour tools in evaluation of labour so we need simple tool in evaluation of labour

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * spontaneous labour * cephalic presentation * pregnant 37 weeks up to full term exclusion criteria: * mail_presentation * induced labour

Keywords: pregnancy.obstructed labour
effects of sitagliptin on type 2 diabetes mellitus patients on treatment with metformin and insulin

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: the purpose of the study is to determine the efficacy and safety of sitaglipin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm) patients with inadequate glycemic control using metformin and insulin.

dpp-4 inhibitors enhance function of endogenous incretin that helps with glucose homoeostasis. dpp-4 inhibitors have been proved to promote glycemic control without increasing risk of hypoglycemia and weight gain. in addition, they may improve beta-cell function and do not have any known associations with overt cardiovascular or hepatic safety risks. addition of sitagliptin to treatment of t2dm patients poorly controlled on insulin +/- metformin has been shown to reduce hba1c while being generally well-tolerated. it could be clinically useful to add sitaglipin to treatment regimen of t2dm patients on stable therapy with insulin \& metformin. apart from glycemic reduction, secondary effects like prevention of weight gain, reduction in insulin dose, improved cardiovascular risk profile, etc. may be expected from addition of sitagliptin to treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * t2dm patients on metformin and biphasic or basal regimens of insulin * hba1c ≥7.3% to ≤8.5% * age: 25 to 60 yrs * insulin tdd \> 10 iu exclusion criteria: * use of acarbose, pioglitazone or short-acting insulin analogues at time of run-in phase * history of type 1 diabetes mellitus * creatinine clearance ≤50 ml/min * chronic liver \& kidney diseases, sgot/pt≥2.5x upper limit of normal, uncontrolled thyroid disorders , cardiac failure, hemochromatosis, autoimmune disorders, corticosteroid intake. * bmi \>40 kg/m2

Keywords: diabetes mellitus, type 2 sitagliptin insulin