Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
culturally tailored diabetes education on self-management of adult hispanic males with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus; Diabete Type 2

Summary: diabetes mellitus (dm) is a global public health concern. in the united states, adult hispanic males are particularly vulnerable to type 2 diabetes mellitus and are more likely to develop complications and subsequently die from it, compared to non-hispanic white males. evidence suggests good self-management behaviors can potentially prevent disease-related complications and improve clinical outcomes. the american diabetes association and association of diabetes care and education specialists have endorsed diabetes self-management education as a necessary component of care for all individuals living with the disease. however, adult hispanic males with type 2 diabetes mellitus living in the middle atlantic region of the u.s., especially those who are underserved, typically lack access to formal diabetes self-management education (dsme). further, the majority have never participated in such educational activities (au et al., 2021; new jersey department of health, 2013; 2017; 2023). a large body of evidence suggests dsme can effectively improve self-management behaviors in diverse populations around the globe (abraham et al., 2020; dietz et al., 2022; elgerges, 2020; gehlawat et al., 2019; hailu et al., 2019; jiang et al., 2022; leong et al., 2022; oluchina, 2022; riangkam et al., 2022; tamiru et al., 2023; yu et al., 2022; zheng et al., 2019). the purpose of the proposed study is to examine the effect of culturally tailored diabetes education on self-management behaviors of adult hispanic males, aged 18-64 years, with type 2 diabetes mellitus living in the middle atlantic region of the u.s. this study can shed more light on the effectiveness of community-based, culturally tailored diabetes educational activities in this vulnerable population and guide future efforts towards enhancing self-management.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age: adult hispanic males 18-64 at time of study intervention. * diagnosis codes: patients with self-reported diagnosis of t2dm without complex, co-morbid conditions such as severe kidney disease and terminal illnesses such as cancer. * english or spanish speaking exclusion criteria: * outside the age range listed above * without a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes

Keywords: type 2 diabetes self-management behaviors culturally tailored diabetes education
the bmi project (body, mind, inflammation)

Conditions: Overweight and Obesity; Chronic Inflammation

Summary: obesity and chronic inflammation influence the development and progression of many types of cancer. these conditions share several of the same causes, including physical inactivity, poor nutrition, stress, and insufficient sleep. emerging adulthood (ages 18-25) represents an important developmental period in which to address behaviors and psychological variables that affect both weight status and inflammation. at least 40% of emerging adults have overweight/obesity, and this transition from adolescence to early adulthood is associated with significant increases in fast food consumption, decreases in physical activity, unpredictable sleep schedules, and alarmingly high rates of depression and perceived stress. despite this high risk for obesity, very few weight loss interventions are designed specifically for emerging adults. preliminary findings from weight loss interventions targeting this population have shown some promise, but generally produce modest outcomes with less consistent effects than programs in older adults. depression and stress have been found to interfere with weight loss among emerging adults, and may be in part responsible for poorer outcomes. this proposal will develop and test an integrated lifestyle intervention (ili) that comprehensively addresses both psychological distress and traditional weight management targets. this novel approach has not been tested before and has the potential not only to enhance weight loss outcomes in this high risk population, but also to produce reductions in markers of inflammation beyond those achievable by weight loss alone.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 18 and 25 years * body mass index between 25 and 45 kg/m2 exclusion criteria: * currently pregnant or lactating; pregnancy in the last 6 months or plans to become pregnant in the next 6 months * type 1 or type 2 diabetes * any uncontrolled medical conditions that could make it unsafe to participate in unsupervised exercise * medical conditions associated with chronic inflammation * inability to read, understand and speak english
combined cognitive remediation and behavioral intervention for treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd)

Conditions: ADHD

Summary: the objective of this study is to evaluate a novel sequenced combination of a promising, computerized cognitive training program targeting working memory (wm) deficits in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd) in combination with behavioral parent training, a well-established, evidence-based intervention for adhd. the combined active intervention, compared to the combined control intervention will result in improvement in primary psychosocial (i.e., parent/teacher reported child impairment; parental stress; parenting behavior; and observed child academic achievement) and psychiatric (parent/teacher rated adhd, odd, and cd symptoms; observed activity level and attention) outcomes at post-treatment and follow up assessment, with the combined active intervention resulting in greater improvements in these outcomes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - diagnosis of adhd children 7-11 year olds english speaking exclusion criteria: - pervasive developmental disorder iq\< 80

Keywords: adhd impairment treatment cognitive remediation behavioral parent training
iv lidocaine in pediatric ais

Conditions: Systemic Lidocaine Improves Pain Control After Surgery by Attenuating the Systemic Inflammatory Response to Surgery

Summary: this study addresses the focus areas of post-operative pain management. we propose a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial to investigate the efficacy of a systemic infusion of intravenous lidocaine as a non-opioid method of post-operative pain management following postoperative spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (ais). the outcomes assessed will be (1) the effect of intravenous lidocaine on post-operative opioid consumption, both in-hospital and at three-month follow-up, (2) the effect of intravenous lidocaine on the immunophenotype expressed following surgery, and (3) the effect of intravenous lidocaine on recovery from surgery as assessed by the patient reported outcomes measurement information system-computer adaptive tests for pain interference (pi) and mobility (m) (promis-cat). thus, we propose a study of a non-opioid method of pain control to minimize opioid consumption in-hospital and at three-months postoperatively, with primary outcomes measures that include morphine-equivalent opioid consumption and promis-mobility to assess recovery. in addition, we will test the ability of systemic lidocaine to attenuate the systemic inflammatory response to major spine surgery. the immunologic response to surgery has been associated with rehabilitation and recovery following total hip arthroplasty and this study will provide data to support further work.

a phase iv, randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial with two study groups: postoperative standard of care with opioid patient controlled analgesia (pca) and iv lidocaine infusion versus postoperative standard of care plus normal saline placebo. block randomization into one of the two groups will be based on a random table generated using an r-program. group 1 (study) will receive intravenous lidocaine during and after posterior spinal fusion for ais. group 2 (control) will receive saline placebo during and after surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. adolescent idiopathic scoliosis indicated for posterior spinal fusion. 2. ages between 12 and 18 years of age. 3. parent/guardian capable of providing informed consent for study participation exclusion criteria: 1. age \ 18 years old. 2. unable to obtain consent for the surgical intervention or study, or if mental capacity prohibits the ability to provide consent and complete patient-reported outcomes tools. 3. diagnosis of sepsis or infection 4. diagnosis of primary or metastatic malignancy. 5. participation in another clinical trial. 6. past or current diagnoses of a cardiac arrhythmia or first/second degree heart block. 7. past or current seizure disorders. 8. allergy to bupivacaine. 9. planned anterior approaches for treatment of scoliosis deformity. 10. limited english proficiency (e.g. unable to obtain informed consent for surgery without a translator) 11. ward of the state children
comparison of enhanced recovery after surgery (eras) pathway with conventional pathway after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy

Conditions: Morbid Obesity

Summary: the aim of this study is to compare two postoperative recovery pathways namely, enhanced recovery after surgery (eras) pathway and conventional recovery pathway after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with respect to outcomes including hospital stay, postoperative pain and other postoperative outcomes.

the enhanced recovery after surgery (eras) pathway, initially introduced for colorectal surgery, is an evidence based perioperative pathway which has resulted in earlier recovery, less pain, and lower complication rates. bariatric surgical patients, without severe co-morbidities, are good candidates for eras pathway, but the application of eras concepts has been limited in this field, specially, in asia. although the current literature shows that 2 randomized clinical trials (rct) have been performed for application of eras in bariatric surgery, data is still scarce as per outcomes with respect to postoperative pain and analgesic usage. one of the rcts has compared with historical controls and both the rcts have not clearly defined their conventional standard pathways. in this study, the investigators have clearly defined both eras pathway and standard pathway leaving no ambiguity. this study is a prospective, randomized, parallel group trial comparing eras pathway and standard pathway after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in relation to the hospital stay, postoperative pain, complications and other perioperative parameters. this is a single institute based trial, being conducted at gem hospital and research centre, coimbatore, tn, india. the trial has been approved by the gem hospital ethical committee. in this trial, the investigators are planning to enroll participants with morbid obesity planned to undergo laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. after full assessment, informed consent, these participants will be randomised using computer generated random numbers either into eras pathway group or into standard pathway group. all the intraoperative and perioperative details with respect to anaesthetic drugs usage, intravenous fluid requirement, time to ambulation, time to oral liquids, postoperative pain score, analgesic requirement and hospital stay will be recorded in the proforma.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy during this study period exclusion criteria: * 1. redo procedures 2. asa iii and above status 3. previous major upper abdominal surgeries 4. not willing to participate

Keywords: eras enhanced recovery after sugery in bariatric surgery sleeve gastrectomy
study to evaluate the effectiveness of flumist vaccination in a school-based intervention program

Conditions: Influenza

Summary: to measure the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in school children by comparing, between target(i.e., children are offered flumist) and control (i.e., children are not offered flumist) school families.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy children enrolled in the target schools. * written informed consent obtained from the child's parent(s) if they agree to participate. exclusion criteria: * history of severe hypersensitivity (anaphylactic response) to egg products or previous flumist * flumist is licensed exclusively for use in healthy individuals age 5-49 years. therefore children for whom annual receipt of inactivated influenza vaccine for specific medical condition(s) is recommended will not be eligible. these conditions include: * asthma, other chronic pulmonary diseases, kidney disease, metabolic disease, heart disease, or hemoglobinopathy * immunosuppression of child * severe immunosuppression of a household member * pregnancy * past history of guillian-barre syndrome * aspirin therapy within 1 month prior to flumist or the anticipated use of aspirin containing products for one month after flumist administration * administration of any inactivated vaccine within 2 weeks or any live vaccine within 4 weeks prior to receipt of flumist * received anti-influenza medication in the past 48 hours * fever in the past 72 hours * moderate to severe nasal congestion (inability to breathe through the nose) or acute phase uri symptoms until the congestion has improved
comparing endoscopic ultrasound vs surgical gastrojejunostomy for management of goo.

Conditions: Malignant Gastric Outlet Obstruction

Summary: the goal of this interventional study is to learn about the outcomes between two options for the management of malignant gastric outlet obstruction.

the goal of this interventional study is to learn about the outcomes between two options for the management of malignant gastric outlet obstruction. the main question this study aims to answer is: 1. to compare the rates of procedure related adverse events (ae's) between patients undergoing endoscopy ultrasound-guided gastro-jejunostomy (eus-gj) and surgical gastro-jejunostomy (s-gj). study participants will be randomized into one of the two standard procedures and followed for up to 12 months post procedure for collection of outcomes related data

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. ≥ 18 years of age. 2. radiographic or endoscopic evidence of an obstructing neoplasm in the distal stomach or duodenum. 3. gooss of 0 or 1 4. both surgical and endoscopic gj are technically and clinically feasible 5. can understand and is willing to sign informed consent form prior to the initiation of any study procedures (or when applicable the subject's lar). exclusion criteria: 1. \< 18 years of age 2. ecog \>2 3. expected survival (determined by the treating oncologist) is less than 2 months. 4. candidates for potential resection of the cancer and obstructed anatomical area (this includes patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer) 5. peritoneal carcinomatosis with associated bowel obstruction on imaging or during laparoscopy 6. large volume ascites (patients with moderate volume ascites may undergo ir guided drainage prior to randomization) 7. anatomical factors that technically hinder eus-gj or surgical-gj (diffuse tumor involvement in path of lams or surgery, surgically altered anatomy that interferes with the ability to perform an anastomosis etc) 8. pregnancy
comparison of caudal block versus dexmedetomidine infusion in pediatric patients undergoing hypospadias repair surgery

Conditions: Dexmedetomidine Infusion; Pediatric; Hypospadias Repair Surgery

Summary: pain is one of the most misunderstood, underdiagnosed, and untreated medical problems, particularly in children. new joint commission on accreditation of health care organization regards pain as fifth vital sign and requires caregivers to regularly assess pain. inadequate pain relief during childhood may have long-term negative effects including harmful neuroendocrine responses disrupted eating and sleep cycles and increased pain perception during subsequent painful experiences. also, postoperative pain can result in an uncooperative and restless child. hence, it is preferable to prevent the onset of pain rather than to relieve its existence. various multimodal techniques have been designed for pediatric pain relief. these include both systemic and regional analgesia. the most commonly used regional technique is caudal epidural block. advantages of the caudal block are smoother recovery with less distress behavior, early ambulation, decreased the risk of chest infections, decreased postoperative analgesic requirements, and early discharge. in our culture; considerable number of parents still refuses caudal anesthesia fearing from the rare neurological sequelae may occur. this the motive for searching for parenteral surrogate gives clear headed recovery resembles regional analgesia. dexmedetomidine is an alpha 2 agonist which has sedative, analgesic, and opioid-sparing effect. it prolongs the duration of analgesia by its local vasoconstrictive effect and by increasing the potassium conductance in a-delta and c-fibers. it also exerts its analgesic action centrally via systemic absorption or by diffusion into the cerebrospinal fluid and reaches alpha 2 receptors in the superficial laminae of the spinal cord and brainstem or indirectly activating spinal cholinergic neurons. the sedative effects of dexmedetomidine are mostly due to stimulation of the alpha 2 adrenoceptor in the locus coeruleus


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. male children 2. american society of aneasthesia physical status grade i \&ii 3. patients aged from 2 years to 12 years 4. patients will undergoing hypospadias repair surgery exclusion criteria: 1. history or evidence of infection at the back 2. allergy to the study drugs 3. bleeding/coagulation disorder 4. developmental delay 5. septic patients 6. neurological or spinal diseases.
hemodilution versus ranibizumab in early-onset central retinal vein occlusion

Conditions: Central Retinal Vein Occlusion

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare ranibizumab injection to hemodilution at the early phase of central retinal vein occlusion (crvo) and to determine if the combination of both treatments may have a synergic effect.

patients with recent-onset crvo (lasting for less than 1 month)are randomly assigned to one of 3 groups: hemodilution using erythrocytapheresis alone, 3 monthly injection of ranibizumab alone, or both. patients are followed monthly during the 6-month study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * crvo confirmed by fluorescein angiography * duration from onset of 1 month or less * visual acuity of 20/32 or less exclusion criteria: * neovascular complication * extensive retinal ischemia requiring prompt panretinal photocoagulation * hematocrit level lower than 38% * previous laser or surgery in the study eye, etc
multicenter study of long-term clinical outcomes of subcutaneous immune globulin igpro20 in subjects with primary immunodeficiency (japan study)

Conditions: Primary Immune Deficiency

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the long-term efficacy, tolerability, and safety of igpro20 in subjects with primary immunodeficiency (pid) as an extension to the preceding follow-up study zlb07_001cr (nct01458171).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects who have completed the preceding follow-up study zlb07_001cr. * written informed consent by the subject/parent/legally acceptable representative. written assent for an underage subject (≥7 years and \<20 years of age at the time of obtaining informed consent), according to the competencies of the subject. exclusion criteria: * pregnancy or nursing mother. * participation in a study with an investigational medicinal product (imp) within 3 months prior to enrollment except for study zlb07_001cr. * subjects who are planning to donate blood during the study. * known or suspected antibodies to the imp, or to excipients of the imp. * treatment with another immunoglobulin g (igg) within 3 months prior to the study.

Keywords: immune globulin subcutaneous scig primary immunodeficiency pid
study of atorvastatin versus placebo to reduce cardiopulmonary complications after thoracic surgery

Conditions: Thoracic Surgery

Summary: this study will compare atorvastatin (lipitor) with a placebo (inactive pill) to see if this drug reduces heart rhythm abnormalities (arrhythmias) or lung inflammation after thoracic surgery. preliminary results suggest that cholesterol lowering drugs (statins) may reduce problems after surgery such as arrhythmias or lung inflammation which may be serious. this study will be randomized and double blind, meaning that patients are placed in groups purely by chance, like flipping a coin. neither the patient or doctor will know which group the patient is in.

hypothesis: statins attenuate perioperative inflammatory and oxidative mechanisms that contribute to the initiation and severity of cardiopulmonary complications after thoracic surgery. aim 1. to determine whether prophylactic administration of atorvastatin attenuates the inflammatory and oxidative response to surgery and significantly reduces the composite risk of cardiovascular morbidity (atrial fibrillation (af), acute coronary syndrome, myocardial infarction (mi), cerebrovascular accident (cva), pulmonary embolism) and mortality within 30 days after thoracic surgery. aim 2. to explore whether prophylactic administration of atorvastatin attenuates the inflammatory and oxidative (crp, il-6, tnf, and mpo) response to surgery and significantly reduces the overall risk of pulmonary complications (atelectasis, pneumonia, pneumonitis, acute respiratory failure) after thoracic surgery. aim 3. to explore the association of single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) changes in genes linked to atrial fibrillation and inflammatory markers and development of pulmonary morbidity after thoracic surgery. aim 4. to explore whether an imbalance between metalloproteinase (mmp)-1 and its inhibitor (timp) is associated with postoperative atrial fibrillation risk and/or development of pulmonary morbidity after thoracic surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients ≥ 18 yr. scheduled for anatomic lung resection (segmentectomy, lingulectomy, possible or definite lobectomy, bilobectomy, pneumonectomy or extrapleural pneumonectomy) with or without chest wall resection or limited resection * patients with regular cardiac rhythm * patients able to take oral capsules * patients capable of providing written, informed consent * patients without known hepatic or kidney disease exclusion criteria: * patients already taking any statin, gemfibrozil (lopid), or ezetimibe (zetia) * hypersensitivity to atorvastatin * chronic atrial fibrillation * patients already taking class ic or iii antiarrhythmic drugs * known pregnancy a urine pregnancy test will be given to women of childbearing age * known history of active hepatic disease or known hepatic insufficiency * known history of active kidney disease or insufficiency

Keywords: thoracic surgery cardiopulmonary complications atorvastatin