Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
cpap vs.unsynchronized nippv at equal mean airway pressure

Conditions: Prematurity; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Apnea of Prematurity

Summary: this study seeks to determine if standard continuous positive airway pressure, known as cpap is as effective as a more complicated approach that generates intermittent increases in airway pressure applied to the nostrils via a breathing machine. the latter is known as nippv and requires costly equipment to operate. previous studies did not ensure that the average pressure applied to the lungs was equal and thus did not make for a fair comparison. the investigators believe that when the same average pressure is applied with the two techniques, cpap is just as effective as nippv and may have fewer side effects, such as blowing air into the stomach. each baby will receive cpap or nippv in a random sequence for a period of 12 hours, followed by 12 hours on the alternate technique.

this is a pilot clinical trial to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of two commonly used types of non-invasive respiratory support. preterm infants \< 34 weeks gestational age, who are stable on either of the two modalities of support will be studied in a cross-over study design, such that each subject acts as his/her own control. the study will assess the relative efficacy of these modalities when used with equal mean airway pressure comparing measures of oxygenation, co2 removal, apnea/bradycardia/desaturation events and work of breathing. the initial phase of the study is complete and preliminary analysis supports the hypothesis that there is no difference between the modalities when the mean airway pressure is equal. however we recognized that use of the ram cannula, which does not transmit pressure effectively is an important study limitation. the findings are valid, but may only be applicable to this interface, which is widely used, but increasingly recognized as flawed. we are now extending the study to determine if the findings will be the same when short bi-nasal prongs are used.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * gestational age 23-34 completed weeks * stable on non- invasive respiratory support for at least 24h * cpap level of 7-12 cmh2o or nippv with map 7-12 cmh2o * fio2 requirement of \<0.40 exclusion criteria: * clinical instability as judged by the clinical team * fio2 requirement of \> 0.40 for more than 60 min. * \>10 apnea/bradycardia/desaturation events in past 24 h requiring moderate or vigorous stimulation. * anticipated intubation within next 24 h. * active abdominal pathology (spontaneous intestinal perforation, confirmed or suspected necrotizing enterocolitis, bowel obstruction). * hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (pda) * anticipated weaning off non-invasive support in the next 24 h. * any major congenital anomalies, congenital heart disease (other than pda, atrial septal defect or ventricular septal defect) and cardiac arrhythmias * lack of study equipment or personnel * lack of parental consent

Keywords: continuous positive airway pressure nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation mean airway pressure apnea bradycardia prematurity
seated tai chi improves dynamic finger pointing task and sitting balance control in subjects with parkinson's disease

Conditions: Parkinson's Disease and Parkinsonism; Tai Chi

Summary: the goal of this prospective study is to investigate the effects of 3 months seated tai chi (tc) practice on the eye-hand coordination and sitting balance control of subjects with parkinson's disease. the main objective it aims to answer are the effects of seated tc training on: * shoulder joint range of motion; * eye-hand coordination; * dynamic sitting balance control; and * quality of life in individuals with parkinson's disease researchers compared seated tc training with a control group to see if it improved the aforementioned outcomes. participants completed: * 3-month tc training of 24 sessions in total * two sessions per week and each session lasted for 1-hour * went on with their usual physical activities and routines outside the training


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * confirmed diagnosis of parkinson's disease (pd) * mini-mental state examination (mmse) scored over 24 * individuals with mobility levels suitable for participation in seated tc exclusion criteria: -

Keywords: eye-hand coordination sitting balance control tai chi parkinson's disease
effectiveness of routine physical therapy with and without thoracic mobility exercises in chronic neck pain

Conditions: Neck Pain

Summary: there is a limited data available on the effectiveness of thoracic mobility exercises in chronic neck pain and there is a need to determine these exercises in chronic neck pain because chronic neck pain has significant effects on the surrounding muscles of the neck and cervical spine and along with the muscles of shoulder and arm. so the mobility exercises of any region around the neck area can reduce neck pain because these structures are interlinked anatomically and functionally aspects.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years old and over * a medical diagnosis of chronic cervical pain (more than 3 months of cervical pain evolution) * positive flexion rotation test exclusion criteria: * cervical radiculopathy * history of trauma, any surgery, any systemic diseases, any fractures, congenital diseases. * dislocation.

Keywords: thoracic mobility exercises chronic neck pain
structural and functional characterization of rare ocular diseases

Conditions: Retinitis Pigmentosa; Stargardt Disease 1; Best Disease; Pattern Dystrophy of Macula; Choroideremia

Summary: rare ocular diseases (rod) are a heterogeneous group of ocular diseases that affect very few people and, generally, for which no tretament is available. an important subgroup of these diseases are inherited retinal degenerations. in this study we focus on understanding the natural history of different rod that affect the posterior segment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female 18 years or older with a diagnosis of a rod affecting the posterior segment * patients able to undergo all required ophthalmic exams * patients able and willing to sign an informed consent exclusion criteria: * patients with other concomitant posterior segment disorders * patients taking drugs known to affect the retina and/or optic nerve * patients that underwent an intraocular surgery (aside from phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation), corneal or glaucoma surgery * patients who have participated in the past 12 months or that are currently participating in clinical trials for an ocular disease

Keywords: retinitis pigmentosa stargardt's disease 1 best disease pattern dystrophy of macula choroideremia
4 week in-use study evaluating how well-tolerated a skin care product is on adults with facial redness

Conditions: Rosacea

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate if the test sunscreen skin care product will be well-tolerated and help facial redness when applied to the face after 4 weeks.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or females at least 18 years of age; * women of childbearing potential must agree to use adequate contraception when sexually active. acceptable methods of contraception include, but are not limited to, (i) condoms (male or female) with or without a spermicidal agent; (ii) diaphragm or cervical cap with spermicide; (iii) intra-uterine device; (iv) hormone-based contraception (stable dose for 3 months); (v) partner vasectomy. * subjects with general good health as determined by a medical history form; * subjects with erythematotelangiectatic and/or papulopustular rosacea, at the baseline evaluation, as determined by the investigator; * subjects with fitzpatrick skin types i through iii, as determined by the dermatologist; * subjects willing and capable of understanding and providing written informed consent, willing to sign a confidentiality agreement, health insurance portability and accountability act (hipaa) authorization form, and to cooperate and participate by following study requirements. exclusion criteria: * subjects with only phymatous or ocular rosacea; * female subjects of child-bearing potential who test positive in a urine pregnancy test at baseline (visit 1), are trying to become pregnant or are nursing; * subjects with known allergies to any type of skin care product and/or sunscreen product and/or any ingredients in the test product; * subjects with any facial skin disorders which may influence results, in the opinion of the investigator; * subjects with a reported history of acute or chronic dermatological (except for rosacea), uncontrolled hypertension, other medical and/or physical conditions which, in the opinion of the investigator, interferes with evaluation of the test product or places the subject at risk; * subjects currently using medications or oral supplements which, in the opinion of the investigator, may influence the outcome of the study or interfere with study observations, including rosacea treatment products; * individuals using or who have used any systemic medication considered to affect rosacea, specifically, but not exclusively, antibiotics or steroids, who do not agree to continue taking the specified medication at the same dose and regimen throughout the study; * subjects who started hormone replacement therapies (hrt) or hormones for birth control less than 3 months prior to study entry or who plan on starting, stopping, or changing doses of hrt or hormones for birth control during the study; * subjects with excessive facial hair that would, in the opinion of the investigator, interfere with diagnosis or assessment of rosacea; * subjects who spend excessive time out in the sun; * subjects that have received or used an investigational new drug within 30 days prior to the study.

Keywords: facial redness skin sensitivity
rabeprazole extended-release 50 mg versus esomeprazole 40 mg for healing and symptomatic relief of mild to moderate erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (gerd)

Conditions: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Summary: the purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of rabeprazole (rab) extended-release (er) 50 mg versus esomeprazole (eso) 40 mg in subjects with erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (egerd).

this is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group study. subjects who meet all the inclusion/exclusion criteria will be randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups, rabeprazole extended-release (rab er) 50 mg or esomeprazole (eso) 40 mg for the treatment of mild to moderate erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (gerd).

Eligibility criteria:
key inclusion criteria: 1. male or female, ages 18 to 75 years. 2. history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (gerd) symptoms for at least 3 months immediately before screening. 3. heartburn for at least 2 days a week for at least 1 month before screening. 4. esophageal erosions of los angeles (la) grades a or b based on egd taken within 14 days prior to enrollment. 5. subjects who are h. pylori negative based on a screening test. 6. females should be either of non-childbearing potential or of childbearing potential. females of childbearing potential must have negative pregnancy tests prior to randomization. female subjects of childbearing potential must agree to use medically acceptable methods of contraception. 7. subjects must be able to read, write, and understand the language of the symptom diary. key exclusion criteria: 1. current or a history of esophageal motility disorders. 2. current or a history of barrett's esophagus. current esophageal strictures or esophagitis (known or suspected to be due to etiology other than gerd such as infection or medications). 3. current or a history of zollinger-ellison syndrome and other acid hypersecretory conditions, or current gastric or duodenal ulcer. 4. current or a history of cancer, with the exception of fully excised skin basal cell carcinoma. 5. inflammatory bowel disease. 6. unstable diabetes mellitus. 7. history of esophageal, gastric and duodenal surgery except simple suturing of an ulcer. 8. subjects who require daily use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids), oral steroids (\>=20 mg/day prednisone or equivalent), or aspirin (\> 325 mg/day).

Keywords: gerd erosive gerd erosive esophagitis
a participatory parental intervention promoting physical activity in preschools

Conditions: Obesity; Physical Activity

Summary: the aim of this study is to test whether a parent-focused participatory intervention in addition to gym lessons can enhance preschoolers physical activity compared to gym lessons alone.

over the last 20 years, physical activity (pa) in children has rapidly decreased in both developed and developing nations. more effective interventions to prevent inactivity in childhood thus are urgently needed. the preschool years, including the adiposity rebound period, might represent a good window of opportunity. study literature suggests that targeting parents is crucial for lasting changes in young childrens' behavior. however, it is not known which methods are effective for involving parents in physical activity promotion. consistent with experience from community-based participatory research, encouraging parents to participate the intervention in terms of content and structure might lead to higher intervention effectivity and sustainability. in our study, we therefore "enriched" a child-centered physical activity intervention in preschools (twice weekly gym lessons over 6 months) with a parent-focused participatory community intervention component.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 3-6 years exclusion criteria: * severe atopic dermatitis, * serious acute infectious diseases, * physical malformations, and * severe physical disabilities.

Keywords: preschool participatory intervention cluster-randomization children obesity prevention
novel treatment for diastolic heart failure in women

Conditions: Heart Failure

Summary: the purpose of the study is to collect information about the potential benefit and safety of low dose spironolactone for a patient with diastolic heart failure (dhf) and to determine whether spironolactone can cause the patient's condition to improve.

subjects with diastolic heart failure defined based on clinical symptoms, echocardiography diastology parameters and brain natriuretic peptide level will be randomized in a 1:1 fashion to either placebo or spironolactone 25mg daily for 6 months. they will be assessed over this 6 month period for improvement in exercise capacity, clinical symptoms, echocardiography diastology parameters, and biomarkers specific for heart failure. safety of spironolactone in this patient population will also be assessed by recording adverse events and following electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine levels.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women who are 18 years of age or older. * women with clinical heart failure for \> 2 months. * women with left ventricular ejection fraction \> 50% within 2 months of screening. * women with new york heart association class ii or iii heart failure symptoms. * brain natriuretic peptide \> 62 pg/ml within 2 months of screening. * patient on angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker therapy for at least 1 month. * blood pressure no more than 150/95. * patient able to walk more than 50 meters at the time of enrollment. * signed informed consent. exclusion criteria: * current treatment with spironolactone. * severe hepatic impairment. * creatinine \> 2.5 mg/dl * potassium \> 5.0 meq/l * intolerance to spironolactone in the past. * significant valvular heart disease, pericardial disease, or severe chronic lung disease with cor pulmonale. * unstable angina or myocardial infarction within the past 4 weeks. * severe peripheral vascular disease or other physical conditions that would limit the walking distance. * pregnant or lactating females. * participation in any other drug trial within 30 days prior to randomization. * inability to provide informed consent.

Keywords: diastolic heart failure
fibergraft interbody fusion retrospective

Conditions: Degenerative Disc Disease; Degenerative Spondylolisthesis; Spinal Degeneration; Spinal Stenosis

Summary: a single center study of clinical and radiological outcomes in a retrospective cohort of patients treated with lumbar interbody fusion augmented with prosidyan fibergraft for 1 or 2 level degenerative spinal disease by a single surgeon. study design: retrospective chart review with prospective data collection.

background and rationale: degenerative pathologies of the lumbar spine including degenerative disc disease, spondylosis and spondylolisthesis are the leading indications for lumbar interbody fusion (lif) among low back pain patients. prosidyan's fibergraft is a bioactive synthetic bone graft substitute that is ultraporous and made from bioactive glass fibers. the proposed study will be an analysis of clinical outcomes among patients who underwent lumbar interbody fusion augmented with prosidyan fibergraft by a single surgeon. objective(s): primary: to assess the fusion rate in this retrospective cohort at 12 months post-operatively. secondary: * to report and analyze trends (if any) among diagnosis, number of levels, approach (tlif, lif or alif) and fusion status. * to assess pain and functional health changes pre to post-operatively. saftey: to report the rate of surgical adverse events and subsequent surgeries at the operative level. study design: retrospective chart review with prospective data collection. procedures: patients will be screened by retrospective chart review. eligible patients will be contacted and asked to participate. consenting patients will answer questionnaires and undergo a ct lumbar scan. study product / intervention: the device under investigation is prosidyan fibergraft. however, since study subjects are retrospectively enrolled, they will have received the device before entering the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * - previous lumbar interbody fusion (lif) at 1-3 levels augmented with prosidyan fibergraft putty. * no revision or device removal at the operative level(s). * patient did not undergo a lumbar ct at least 8 months post-operatively. * willing and able to sign informed consent. * willing and able to complete questionnaires and undergo ct scan of the lumbar spine
cognitive processing therapy versus its individual components in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression in women who have been sexually abused

Conditions: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Summary: this study will evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive processing therapy versus its individual components in treating women with post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd) and depression brought on by sexual assault.

ptsd is a psychiatric disorder that can occur following exposure to a traumatic event in which grave physical harm occurred or was threatened. ptsd is marked by clear biological changes as well as psychological symptoms. many people with ptsd repeatedly relive the trauma in the form of flashback episodes, memories, nightmares, or frightening thoughts. this study will evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive processing therapy versus its individual components in treating women with post-traumatic stress disorder and depression brought on by sexual assault. participants in this single-blind study will be randomly assigned to receive one of three treatments: cognitive processing therapy (cpt); cognitive therapy (ct); or written exposure (we). participants assigned to receive either cpt or ct will attend therapy sessions twice weekly for 6 weeks. cpt will focus on helping each individual to process accurate memories of the traumatic event and to work through any memories that cannot be completely ignored, nor completely integrated back into their thinking. also included in cpt will be a we component, in which participants will be encouraged to recall the traumatic event and experience any emotions connected to it. ct will be similar to cpt, but will not include the we component. participants assigned to receive only we will attend one 2-hour session each week. symptoms of ptsd and depression will be measured at baseline, post-treatment, and at a 6-month follow-up visit.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * history of a discrete episode of assault in childhood or adulthood * meets criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder exclusion criteria: * experienced a traumatic event that was in the form of chronic ongoing abuse and not a discrete incidence * psychosis * mental retardation * suicidal or parasuicidal * currently addicted to drugs * illiterate * currently in an abusive relationship * currently being stalked

Keywords: ptsd cognitive therapy rape
erector spinae plane versus transversus abdominis plane block for pain control

Conditions: Cesarean Section Complications

Summary: the present stratified randomized study aimed to compare the analgesic efficacy and safety profile of espb and tapb used for postoperative pain management in obese and morbidly obese women undergoing cs.

the present stratified randomized study aimed to compare the analgesic efficacy and safety profile of espb and tapb used for postoperative pain management in obese and morbidly obese women undergoing cs. the present study will include asa i-ii women scheduled for elective cs under intrathecal anesthesia. patients will be excluded if they had local infection, bleeding disorder or known allergy to any of the study medications. this study defines obesity as body mass index (bmi) ≥ 30 kg/m2 while morbid obesity is defined as bmi ≥ 40 kg/m2 assessed in the last pre-pregnancy visit (sagi-dain et al., 2021). the study will include normal weight women (n=86), obese women (n=86) and morbidly obese women (n=86).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * asa i-ii women scheduled for elective cs under intrathecal anesthesia. exclusion criteria: * had local infection, bleeding disorder or known allergy to any of the study medications