Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
doppler indices to predict spinal hypotension during cesarean section

Conditions: Spinal Hypotension; Doppler

Summary: spinal anesthesia is safe and advisable anesthetic during cesarean section, despite that spinal induced hypotension is a common associated problem. therefore early recognition of these critical events should take high priority to avoid serious consequences. in this regards several parameters were available to detect spinal hypotension but non is satisfactory till now. researchers of this study aimed to evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of femoral artery doppler to predict hypotension


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * asa ii * singleton pregnancy * full term exclusion criteria: * vascular disease * contraindication to spinal anesthesia * inability to obtain adequate doppler

Keywords: spinal hypotension; cesarean section; femoral doppler
novel screening modality for early gastric cancer

Conditions: Gastric Cancer

Summary: potential patients will be recruited at participating sites based on routine care with clinical indications for upper endoscopy. following informed consent, patients will undergo their scheduled endoscopy with standard forceps biopsies along with the transepithelial brush samples. all samples, biopsy and brush samples, will be sent for pathology analysis, per standard clinical practice.

potential patients will be recruited at participating sites based on routine care with clinical indications for upper endoscopy. following informed consent, patients will undergo their scheduled endoscopy with standard forceps biopsies along with the transepithelial brush samples. all samples, biopsy and brush samples, will be sent for histologic analysis, with planned study of the diagnostic yields of each method.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject is informed of the investigational nature of this study and given verbal and written informed consent in accordance with local, u.s., and international guidelines. * both males and females at least 18 years. * patients with clinical indications for upper endoscopy exclusion criteria: * patients should not have an advanced medical or psychiatric conditions which that may limit their ability to participate in the study, as judged by the physician.

Keywords: gastric intestinal metaplasia gastric neoplasia
factors related to infection prevention after tension-free inguinal hernia repair

Conditions: INFECTION

Summary: the investigators conducted the study in 4 teaching hospitals and 2 non-teaching hospitals of shaanxi province. surgeons, clinical pharmacists and nurses took part in patient collection, information registration, protocol performance. the investigators recruited 1200 patients with inguinal hernia undergoing inguinal hernioplasty in the six hospitals from january 2010 to july 2011. the patients were randomly allocated into control group, cefazolin group and levofloxacin group, with digital meter method , 400 in each group. the data such as age, sex, case number, length of hospital stay, antibiotic usage, post-operative infection, infection site, bacterial culture were filled in self-designed forms on computer.

all of the patients received tension-free inguinal hernia repair with a mesh plug. the surgical-site infection (ssi) was diagnosed according to the criteria of the centers for disease control and prevention \[5-6\]. we chose cefazolin sodium and levofloxacin sodium chloride injection as peri-operative antibiotics. cefazolin sodium is an effective antibiotic with a short plasma elimination half-life against gram-positive cocci (gpc) except for enterococci and meticillin-resistant staphylococci. it is recommended as one of the prior antibacterial agents used for clearing cuts and preventing infection in many countries including china. levofloxacin sodium chloride injection has a wide anti-bacterial spectrum composed of gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive anaerobic bacteria including anaerobic bacteria. it can remain a high concentration in urine, so it is recommended as an attractive antibiotic for urinary tract operation \[5\]. in the control group, we gave normal saline as placebo by intravenous drip infusion for 30-60 min before operation. cefazolin group and levofloxacin group received intravenous administration of cefazolin sodium 1000 mg and levofloxacin sodium chloride injection 200 mg, respectively, for 30-60 min before operation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. males or females aged 16-18 years old; 2. no infection or hematological system disease before surgery; 3. normal liver and kidney function; 4. no pre-operative valvular heart disease; 5. body mass index (bmi) within 18-32. exclusion criteria: 1. fail to meet one of the inclusion criteria above; 2. malignant tumor; 3. history of immune system diseases; 4. using or had used corticosteroids or immunosuppressants less than 1 month before surgery; 5. using or had used antibiotics less than 3 d before surgery; 6. pregnancy or lactation.

Keywords: surgery administration infection
perineural injection therapy for ulnar neuropathy at elbow

Conditions: Ulnar Neuropathy at Elbow

Summary: ulnar neuropathy at elbow (une) is the second common peripheral entrapment neuropathy. although many conservative managements of une, the effectiveness of these methods are unsatisfied especial the moderate degree of une. recently, ultrasound-guided perineural injection therapy (pit) with 5% dextrose is progressively applicated for clinical treatment for entrapment neuropathy. however, current studies have not proved the effects of pit on peripheral neuropathy because these studies enrolled small number of patients and lacked controlled design. we design a randomized, double-blind, controlled trail to assess the effect after ultrasound-guided pit with 5% dextrose in patients with mild and moderate une.

after obtaining written informed consent, 40 patients, clinically diagnosed with mild or moderate une were randomized into intervention or control group. participants in intervention group received one-session of ultrasound-guided pit injection with 5cc. 5% dextrose and control group received 2cc 0.9% normal saline+3cc triamcinolone (30mg) (total 5 cc) ultrasound-guided pit injection. the primary outcome is disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (dash) and secondary outcomes include visual analog scale (vas), cross-sectional area (csa) of the ulnar nerve, motor nerve conduction velocity of the ulnar nerve, and strength of palmer finger pinch and grasp. the evaluation was performed pretreatment as well as on the 1st, 3rd and 6th month after the treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 20-80 year-old. * diagnosis was confirmed using an electrophysiological study exclusion criteria: * cancer * coagulopathy * pregnancy * inflammation status * cervical radiculopathy * polyneuropathy, brachial plexopathy * thoracic outlet syndrome * previously undergone wrist surgery or steroid injection for ulnar neuropathy

Keywords: ulnar neuropathy at elbow dextrose perineural injection
cerebrovascular reserve measurements in sickle cell disease

Conditions: Sickle Cell Disease

Summary: the primary aim of this study is to evaluate mri-based cerebrovascular reserve (cvr) measurements in adult patients with sickle cell disease (scd). the primary objective is to assess whether there is a correlation between cvr and silent cerebral infarcts (scis).

cvr is hypothesized to be impaired in scd patients and could account for the white matter hyperintensities seen on mri in these patients. cerebral blood flow (cbf) alone is not sufficient to provide insight into the hemodynamic status of the brain. cvr allows us to gain insight into the capacity of the cerebrovasculature to respond to increased cbf. vasculopathy is common in scd and the caliber of the vessels can be assessed with 4d flow mri in response to actue and chronic changes in the velocity and wall shear stress on the intracranial arteries in the circle of willis. this study will be performed as a single center, patient-control, cross-sectional, observational study in patients with steady-state scd and controls. the investigators expect that patients with impaired cvr will have a greater number and/or volume of scis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria patient group: * sickle cell disease; either homozygous sickle cell disease (hbss), or hbsβ0 thalassemia * 18 years of age or older * informed consent inclusion criteria control group: * similar ethnic background as patient group * 18 years of age or older * informed consent exclusion criteria patient group and control group: * inability of the patient to provide informed consent or legally incompetent/incapacitated to do so * contraindications for mri, such as pregnancy, claustrophobia or the presence of metal in the body * sickle cell crisis at the moment of participation * history of cerebral pathology that compromises measurements, such as cerebral palsy, brain tumour,meningitis, overt infarct * brain surgery performed in the last 3 months * severe liver, heart or renal dysfunction (clearance \< 10 ml/min) * allergy to sulphonamide * breastfeeding * use of phenytoin, procaine or acetylsacylic acid ("ascal/aspirin") * risk of hypokalaemia (use of diuretics, primary hyperaldosteronism) * addison's disease * severe asthma or emphysema

Keywords: sickle cell anemia cerebrovascular reserve perfusion vasculopathy magnetic resonance imaging
duration of antibiotics treatment with cefazolin and clarithromycin in women with preterm premature rupture of membrane

Conditions: Preterm Premature Rupture of Membrane

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare the neonatal outcome and infant neurologic outcome whose mother were treated with cefazolin plus clarithromycin for one week or until delivery after preterm premature rupture of membrane.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * preterm premature rupture of membrane(pprom), pa 22+0\~34+0wks * rom \<72 hrs before randomization * cervical dilatation \<3cm * uterine contraction less than 4 times per 1 hr exclusion criteria: * major fetal malformation * rupture of the membrane \>72hrs before randomization * vaginal bleeding * iioc (incompetent internal os of cervix) * placenta previa * gestational diabetes or overt diabetes * hypertensive disorders in pregnancy * liver cirrhosis * acute renal failure

Keywords: preterm premature rupture of membrane antibiotics duration cefazolin clarithromycin
short term corticosteroids in sars-cov2 patients

Conditions: Corticosteroids; Covid19; SARS-CoV 2; Steroids; Dexamethasone

Summary: the investigators reviewed the charts of sars-cov-2 patients with pneumonia and moderate to severely elevated crp and worsening hypoxemia who were treated with early, short-term dexamethasone.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. moderate disease with at least a 30% increase in crp within 36 hours of admission, and with increasing oxygen requirements. 2. all patients with severe disease with evidence of escalating oxygen requirements 3. the presence of secondary bacterial infections as a probable cause of increasing crp levels was excluded in all selected patients. 4. pulmonary embolism and /or cardiac dysfunction were excluded as probable causes of worsening hypoxia in all selected patients. exclusion criteria: 1. all patients on other treatment modalities- remdesivir and/or convalescent plasma who showed evidence of clinical improvement as per decrease in crp levels and/or oxygen requirements were excluded. 2. patient with associated copd exacerbation who would benefit from the use of steroids. 3. patients with diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state, active concurrent bacterial infections. 4. patients with history of steroid-induced mania and/or psychosis.
ramipril - hypertension

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: primary objective: mean values of systolic and diastolic office blood pressure secondary objectives: total mortality, occurrence of cardio- and cerebrovascular events, change of mean blood pressure (abpm : ambulatory blood pressure monitoring) during the observation


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * no previous antihypertensive therapy * high-normal blood pressure according to the jnc-vi definition (systolic 130 - 139 and/or diastolic 85 - 89 mmhg) exclusion criteria: * antihypertensive therapy * blood pressure greater 140/90 mmhg or abpm greater 135/85 mmhg
optimizing physical activity outcomes after total knee arthroplasty

Conditions: Total Knee Arthroplasty; Osteoarthritis

Summary: although total knee arthroplasty is an effective intervention for decreasing knee pain and improving physical function, physical activity levels remain low up to a year after surgery. this study will use mobile-health technology to deliver an intervention designed to improve physical activity behavior for veterans recovering from total knee arthroplasty. the study will assess the effectiveness of using behavior-change intervention as a supplement to conventional rehabilitation to improve physical activity. the intervention will be delivered using home-based tablet computers for veterans to have remote interaction with the researcher and real-time physical activity feedback from a wrist-worn activity sensor.

this randomized clinical trial will assess the efficacy of using physical activity behavior change intervention for veterans recovering from total knee arthroplasty. testing will occur at baseline (before surgery), at intervention midpoint (8 weeks after surgery), end of intervention (14 weeks after surgery), and 24 weeks after intervention. the primary outcome is accelerometer-assessed daily step count. secondary outcomes include the percent time engaged in standing and walking activity and physical function (six-minute walk, 30-second chair-stand test, timed up-and-go, western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index, and the veterans rand 12-item health survey.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * veteran * planned unilateral total knee arthroplasty exclusion criteria: * severe non-surgical limb pain (pain \>5/10 on non-surgical limb with walking) * unstable orthopedic, neurologic, or pulmonary condition that limits function * unstable cardiac condition * uncontrolled hypertension * uncontrolled diabetes * acute systemic infection * active cancer treatment * recent stroke (within 2 years)

Keywords: rehabilitation total knee arthroplasty telemedicine physical activity
neuroimaging of patients with severe knee osteoarthrosis - evaluation of cerebral volumetry

Conditions: Osteoarthritis, Knee

Summary: due to scarce published articles about this subject, the researchers aim to study the volume measurements of the brain cortex of patients with primary severe knee osteoarthrosis and those with chronic knee pain compared to healthy and non-symptomatic volunteers, correlating the neuroimaging of cerebral volumetry with pain intensity, pain duration, knee function and pressure pain threshold.

the protocol was designed to include 31 patients in each observational arm, either patients with severe knee osteoarthrosis and chronic knee pain or healthy and non-symptomatic volunteers. the researchers performed anamnesis to collect clinical and demographic information, the intensity of pain was assessed by the self-rated visual analogue scale (vas), the pressure pain threshold was evaluated with an algometer, the knee function was assessed with the western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index (womac) scale and the images were collected with the use of the magnetic resonance. covariates, such as age, gender, body mass index (bmi) and comorbidities as diabetes, cardiac diseases, pulmonary diseases, endocrine diseases and the practice of physical activities were also collected.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age above 60 years old; * both genders; * clinical diagnosis of knee osteoarthrosis; * self-rated vas moderate to severe (vas \> 4); * pain duration longer than 3 months prior to the evaluation; * signed informed consent; * light physical activity practice or sedentary (healthy volunteers only). exclusion criteria: * presence of psychiatric disorders; * presence of fibromyalgia; * presence of rheumatologic diseases; * presence of previous knee surgery; * presence of clinical symptoms (healthy volunteers only); * presence of knee pain on the previous 6 months (healthy volunteers only); * history of neoplasia.
gene-environment interactions in complex disease

Conditions: Cardiovascular Diseases; Heart Diseases; Atherosclerosis; Coronary Disease

Summary: to assess genetic variation in 87 different cardiovascular disease candidate genes and to measure the associations of these variants with cardiovascular disease and its risk factors.

background: cardiovascular disease (cvd), the number one cause of death in industrialized countries today is a complex disease with a multifactorial etiology involving many genetic and environmental factors. public health prevention programs designed to reduce the risk and occurrence of cvd commonly focus on modifiable environments and behaviors such as diet and physical activity, with varied results among individuals. this heterogeneity in response to cvd interventions is at least in part of genetic origin. although a number of candidate genes have been identified which appear to influence the development of cvd, little is known about how these genetic effects may vary within demographic (e.g., race and gender) and environmental (e.g., diet and exercise) contexts; thus, it is of utmost importance to determine how genes and environments interact to produce cvd. design narrative: the purpose of this study is to characterize the environment-dependent effects of 87 biologic and positional candidate genes in a population-based sample of 11,625 african-american and caucasian men and women from the atherosclerosis risk in communities (aric) study. candidate loci were selected based on confirmed functional significance, consistent association with cvd or its risk factors, and or identified as positional candidates in genome-wide linkage scans. environmental contexts will focus on dietary measures (e.g., total kcals, keys score, alcohol intake), obesity, measures of physical activity (sport, leisure, and work indices), smoking, and menopause status/hormone use (women only). outcome variables will include measures of quantitative risk factors (e.g., total cholesterol, bmi, blood pressure), subclinical disease (carotid wall thickness), and clinical disease (incident coronary heart disease (chd) and stroke). existing dna samples will be used for genotyping of candidate loci, and no further contact with study participants will be necessary. the aric cohort, because of its large size and wealth of environmental and physiological measures, provides an ideal, timely, and efficient opportunity to evaluate the effects of modifiable environments on genetic variation which may influence cvd risk and disease outcomes with the ultimate goal of establishing more efficacious programs for the treatment and prevention of cvd.

Eligibility criteria:
no eligibility criteria
case studies of patients who had experienced near death experience

Conditions: Near Death Experience

Summary: an prospective observational study to interview patients who had near death experiences among those who had received intensive care unit intervention during admission in hematology ward.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients (≥19yrs) who are in admission in the hematology ward of seoul national university hospital, and one of the following conditions. 1. recovered after cardiopulomary resuscitation 2. recovered after mechanical ventilator 3. recovered after icu care 4. recovered after emergent operation 5. recovered after shock, coma, altered mentality 6. other medical conditions approaching death exclusion criteria: 1. those who do not agree to participate this study 2. those who can not be interviewed due to insufficient recovery from critical medical problems
safety study of hpp593 in subjects during and after limb immobilization

Conditions: Muscle Atrophy; Hypodynamia

Summary: this is a safety and tolerability study investigating the effect of hpp593 in healthy volunteers during and after limb immobilization.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * non-smoking. * subjects must be in good health, as determined by medical history, physical examination, vital signs, electrocardiogram (ecg), and clinical test results. * not restricted to a wheel-chair or confined to a bed. * weight ≥ 50.0 kg. * bmi between 18 and 27.5 kg/m2, inclusive, at the time of screening. exclusion criteria: * any of the following abnormalities at screening visit and baseline: * fasting glucose \> 110 mg/dl (screening visit only). * serum creatinine \> 1.5 mg/dl. if serum creatinine is \>1.5 mg/dl and creatinine clearance is \>60 ml/min, the subject need not be excluded * troponin i level above the upper limit of normal (uln) * liver function tests (lfts) \> 1.5x uln * evidence of significant organ system dysfunction (e.g. diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cirrhosis, hypogonadism, hypo- or hyperthyroidism; hypertension) * any fluctuations in weight (no more than ± 2% of body weight) by subject self report in the 3 months prior to the screening visit. * has received hpp593 in a previous clinical trial. * smoking within 6 month prior to day -1. * michigan alcohol screening test score greater than 2.

Keywords: muscle atrophy
assessment of left ventricular diastolic function in patients with atrial fibrillation

Conditions: Atrial Fibrillation

Summary: this study is a single-center, prospective cohort study to investigate non-invasive method to assess left ventricular diastolic function using echocardiography. patients with af who are referred radiofrequency catheter ablation (rfa) will be included prospectively. transthoracic echocardiography will be performed during, immediately before rfa and with no cardiovascular medication taken between the exams so that the loading conditions during catheterization and echocardiography are as similar as possible. we will validate previously proposed echocardiographic parameters and creat an algorithm to identify the relationship between echocardiographic parameters of diastolic function and invasively measured la pressure in patients with atrial fibrillation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult ≥ 19 year-old * patients who scheduled to perform radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation * patients who had paroxysmal, persistent, or chronic af * patients provided with the written, informed consent to participate in this study exclusion criteria: * patients with prosthetic valve * life expectancy \< 12 months * subject who the investigator deems inappropriate to participate in this study