Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
healthcare disparities in alopecia areata

Conditions: Alopecia Areata

Summary: alopecia areata (aa) is a common immune-mediated non-scarring alopecia often associated with substantial morbidity. there are however, limited population-based data on potential disparities in the burden of aa, including across people of different ethnicities and deprivation. we aimed to provide the first large-scale, population-based estimate of lifetime risk of aa overall and by important sociodemographic subgroups. as aa is associated with an increased burden of mental health conditions and work-related outcomes (unemployment, time off work), a detailed understanding of the burden of disease in different sociodemographic groups is vital to plan resource provision.

the overall purpose of the study is to provide an estimate of the cumulative lifetime incidence of aa in the population overall and by important sociodemographic groups. moreover, to do a subgroup analysis in the aa population to identify health-related disparities across people in different socioeconomic strata, geographical distribution, sex and ethnic groups. the disparities that will be considered are aa associated: mental health conditions; healthcare utilisation; and work impact (time off work and unemployment). the cumulative lifetime risk of aa was estimated at age 80 years (approximate life expectancy in the uk) using survival models, with age as the timescale and accounting for the competing risk of death. the assessment of any associations with baseline characteristics and the outcomes of interest will be assessed using cox proportional hazards models (time to event outcomes) and poisson regression (repeated event outcomes) models.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged greater than 12 over the study period. * registered with the contributing primary care practice for any duration during the study period exclusion criteria: * people diagnosed with aa before the study period.
etomidate to improve outcome in elderly patients

Conditions: Postoperative Complications

Summary: elderly patients have high mortality and postoperative complications rate after surgery, especially postoperative cardiac complications. a meta-analysis revealed haemodynamic intraoperative events significantly increased the risk of postoperative cardiac complications.to limit the risk, optimize the intraoperative management of circulation is essential. anesthetic drug may effect on the haemodynamic intraoperative, reduction of postoperative complications should aimed at choosing the optimal anesthetic drug with minimal effect on haemodynamic.so this study is to explore the comparative efficacy and safety of anesthetic drug (etomidate or propofol) in elderly patients


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged between 65 and 80 years old. * patients scheduled for elective gastrointestinal surgery under general anesthesia. exclusion criteria: * expected duration of surgery \ 4 hours * american society of anesthesiologists status \>iii * body mass index \ 25 kg/m2 * cerebrovascular accident occurred within the previous 3 months,such as stroke or transient ischemic attack * unstable angina and myocardial infarction occurred within the previous 3 months * patients with serious hepatic dysfunction ( the serum level of alanine transaminase, conjugated bilirubin, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase or total bilirubin is 2 folds more than upper normal limit) or renal dysfunction(creatinine clearance rate less than 30 milliliter per minute). * diabetic patients with complication (diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmotic coma,all kinds of infection, macroangiopathy, diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic foot). * preoperative blood pressure more than or equal to 180/110 mmhg * confirmed or suspected of narcotic analgesics abusing or long term using * taking corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents for more than 10 days with the previous 6 months or had history of adrenal suppression or immune system disease. * patients with thyroid hypofunction. * patients with history of asthma. * patients with history of surgery within previous 3 months. * patients allergic or contraindicated to propofol or etomidate * patients participated in other study within the last 30 days

Keywords: etomidate propofol
laparoscopic roux-en-y gastric bypass versus laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy

Conditions: Morbid Obesity

Summary: the sleeve gastrectomy that has been utilized as a first-stage bariatric procedure to reduce surgical risk in high-risk patients by induction of weight loss is now gaining popularity as a standalone procedure for the treatment of morbid obesity. it appears to be a technically easier and/or faster laparoscopic procedure than roux-en-y gastric bypass. it brings good weight loss results, in some studies even comparable to the rygb and biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch. the mechanism of action is assumed to be purely restrictive, but some neurohumoral interaction may exist. almost no data exist on the influence of the sleeve gastrectomy on the medical and general quality of life or resolution of comorbidities. the rates of the comorbidities resolution 12 to 24 months after sleeve gastrectomy has been reported in the range that seems to be higher than for the purely restrictive procedures. our goal is to to compare the surgical and weight loss outcomes between the two procedures, their influence on resolution of common comorbidities and on quality of life change. 150 eligible candidates will be randomized into two groups, one will undergo laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, the other will have laparoscopic roux-en-y gastric bypass done. detailed evaluation and preoperative questionnaires will be used to obtain demographic and medical data, and quality of life will be assessed. general metabolic and nutritional work up will be done, and will be reassessed at different intervals up to 5 years, in order to compare the short and long term results of the two procedures.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients with morbid obesity exclusion criteria: * pregnancy, * previous bariatric operation, * ibd, * previous bowel or stomach surgery
topical diclofenac gel in patients with superficial inflammation of the veins

Conditions: Superficial Thrombophlebitis of the Upper Limb

Summary: this study will assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of topically administered diclofenac gel versus placebo with respect to the symptom score (pain, temperature and size of erythema along the superficial vein)


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with indication of topical treatment for inflammatory, painful superficial thrombophlebitis of the upper limb * spontaneous or iatrogenic superficial thrombophebitis of the upper limb exclusion criteria: * hypersensitivity to the study drug, to actylsalicyclic acid and other non-steroidal antirheumatic agents and to the ingredients of the gel * paitents who had developed asthma, skin reactions or acute rhinitis to acetylsalicylic acid or other non-steroidal antirheumatic agents in the past * therapy with varicose vein remedies, antithrombotic or antiphlogistic agents as well as corticosteroids for more than 7 days prior to study start * acute deep vein thrombosis and thrombophlebitis extending into other deep veins other protocol-defined exclusion criteria may apply

Keywords: superficial thrombophlebitis, diclofenac gel, non steroidal antiinflammatory drugs
nifedipine versus magnesium sulfate for late preterm tocolysis

Conditions: Threatened Preterm Labor

Summary: objective: this trial is designed to compare between the effectiveness of nifedipine versus magnesium sulfate (mgso4) for tocolysis in women with threatened preterm labor. patient population: the population will include pregnant women at gestational age between 32 and 36 weeks who are 18 years old or older and have signs of threatened preterm labor. study design: this is a single-center, prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial. a total of 264 women pregnant between 32 and 36 weeks having threatened preterm labor will be enrolled and randomized into two parallel treatment arms. patients in the group a will receive nifedipine, while patients in group b will mgso4 only. treatment: all patients will be randomized on the day of enrollment. patients with threatened preterm labor will receive the respective tocolysis in each group. all patients will receive corticosteroids for lung maturity according to the local protocol. primary outcome: number of women not delivered within 48 hours of starting tocolytic therapy. secondary outcomes: perinatal mortality, a composite of adverse neonatal outcomes, birth weight, days on ventilation support, length of admission in neonatal intensive care, prolongation of pregnancy more than 7 days, delivery after 37 weeks of gestation, number of days till delivery, maternal mortality, maternal infection, and harm to mother from intervention.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. pregnant women with threatened preterm labor defined as 3 or more uterine contractions in 30 minutes confirmed by cardiotocography. 2. gestational age from 32 week + 0 days to (inclusive) 36 weeks + 0 days. 3. women with singleton or multiple pregnancy. 4. women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (prom) will be included if they have uterine contractions. exclusion criteria: 1. contraindications for the use of either drugs, such as cardiac disease, hypotension, myasthenia gravis, or renal impairment. 2. contraindications for tocolysis, such as intrauterine demise, intrauterine infection, fetal distress, placental separation, or severe pre-eclampsia. 3. cervical dilatation \> 5 cm. 4. cervical length \> 30 mm by trans-vaginal ultrasound. 5. cervical cerclage.
a real-world study of atezolizumab in combination with platinum-based doublet chemotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy for resectable stage ii-iiib nsclc

Conditions: NSCLC

Summary: this is a descriptive observational study, in which data are collected in an epidemiological fashion and prospective. this study does not intend to intervene the current medical practice of the recruited patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients must be ≥18 years. * provision of fully informed consent prior to any study specific procedures. * previously untreated, histologically confirmed resectable stage ii, iiia, iiib (n2) (ajcc stage viii) nsclc; ctnm stage can be confirmed by pet-ct or pathological biopsy; resectable stage ii non-small cell lung cancer is defined as radical resection as assessed by a qualified thoracic surgeon; resectable is resectable and potentially resectable as defined by the expert consensus on multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment of stage iii non-small cell lung cancer (2019 version); resectable includes iiia (n0-1), some single-station mediastinal lymph node metastases with n2 and some t4 (satellite nodules present in adjacent lobes) n1; potentially resectable includes some stage iiia and iiib, including single-station n2 mediastinal lymph node short diameter \< 3 cm stage iiia nsclc, potentially resectable t3 or t4 central tumors; solid/solid pulmonary nodules, not pure ground-glass opacity (ggo), are strongly recommended for pathological puncture verification. * according to the recist 1.1 standard, the patient must have at least one measurable lesion. exclusion criteria: * none exclusion criteria: -
spot-check noninvasive pulse co-oximeter validation

Conditions: Anemia

Summary: in this study, the accuracy of a noninvasive hemoglobin sensor(s) will be assessed by comparison to hemoglobin measurements from a laboratory analyzer.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female * age: greater than one month * weight: greater than or equal to 3kg * any racial or ethnic group * the subject or the subject's legally authorized representative has given written informed consent/assent to participate in the study * if an icu patient, total hemoglobin of \< 9 g/dl at time of screening. exclusion criteria: * subjects with skin abnormalities at the planned application sites that may interfere with sensor application, per directions-for-use (dfu) or trans-illumination of the site, such as burns, scar tissue, nail polish, acrylic nails, infections, abnormalities, etc. * subjects deemed not suitable for the study at the discretion of the investigator * subjects unlikely to be able to refrain from excessive motion during data collection. excessive motion includes postural changes, making hand gestures, involuntary muscular movements, etc.

Keywords: noninvasive pulse co-oximeter validation
treating emergency laparotomy incisions with negative pressure wound therapy

Conditions: Surgical Incision; Wound Dehiscence; Surgical Site Infection; Incisional Hernia; Quality of Life

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to investigate negative pressure wound therapy (npwt) in adults undergoing emergency laparotomy. the main question it aims to answer is: does npwt decrease wound complications? researchers will compare it against regular dressings to see if npwt is superior.

negative pressure wound therapy (npwt) is a method of treating wounds using suction. the dressing is airtight, and the pump creates subatmospheric pressure, clearing the wound of exudate and fluids. the study aims to investigate the effect of negative pressure wound therapy dressings on the rate of wound complications (ssi, wd, seroma) after emergency laparotomy. patients will be randomised to regular dressings and investigational device 1:1. no other aspect of the care will be changed. randomisation is planned at the time of skin closure. patients will be followed-up after 7, 30 and 365 days with two initial visits, surveys and offered a ct scan to investigate incisional hernia formation. the hypothesis is that npwt dressings decrease the rate of wound complications. the secondary outcome is reduction of ssi, wd, seroma, shorter length of stay, peri-wound blistering, patient satisfaction.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ≥18 years old * written informed consent * \>10 cm midline incision with primary skin closure * emergency laparotomy exclusion criteria: * not able to consent (e.g. dementia, impaired cognitive function, unconscious) * subjects not possible to follow up as assessed by the investigator * allergy to dressing material * pregnancy or breastfeeding (females of childbearing potential) * previous enrolment in the current study * expected reoperation with 28 days of index laparotomy * emergency laparotomy within 3 months

Keywords: emergency surgery negative pressure wound therapy randomised controlled trial
immunologic abnormalities, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease

Conditions: Chronic Kidney Disease

Summary: the common causes of mortality are late stages of chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and infections, are associated with abnormalities of the immune system, an underlying state of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. these processes have not been carefully described in the chronic kidney disease population. the researcher can use diffuse optical spectroscopy to determine the immune system in individuals with chronic kidney disease and describe the association with chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in that population.

the diffuse optical spectroscopy can measure the absolute concentrations of reduced and oxygenated hemoglobins,cardiac output, mean arterial pressure, blood loss,blood hemoglobin concentration, water and lipid concentrations of the tissue. the researchers can use diffuse optical spectroscopy to monitor volume changes during the hemodialysis treatment and to correlate the changes in volume and blood pressure with the measures of oxidative stress and inflammation used in this study. the researchers can use diffuse optical spectroscopy data to compare to laboratory parameters routinely measured to clinical parameters such as cause of chronic kidney disease, blood pressure and dialysis-related parameters.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years and older with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis have been treated with hemodialysis for at least 3 months * 18 years and older for control exclusion criteria: * acute kidney disease

Keywords: chronic kidney disease
effectiveness of manual myofascial release versus instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization (iastm) in patients with chronic neck pain"

Conditions: Chronic Neck Pain

Summary: neck pain has a global prevalence of 30%, being the fourth leading cause of disability among general population and is more prevalent among females than males, as per concluded by evidence. it is undoubtedly the need of time, to address its proper treatment and to hinder its recurrence amongst the general population. the current physical therapy management of neck pain is more focused towards achieving the short term goals for the patient rather than addressing and amending the actual cause of its relapse. manual myofascial release is one of the very effective treatment used to release soft tissue and fascial adhesions over the myofascia inorder to relieve chronic neck pain. the study aims to compare this manual treatment against instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization in order to determine which of the two provides improved outcome in terms of pain, neck disability and cervical range of motion.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and female participants belonging to the age group of 18 to 40 years * participants suffering from neck pain for more than 3months. exclusion criteria: * recent history of whiplash injury. * recent traumatic history of head, cervical spine, shoulder girdle or fractures of the cervical spine or shoulder complex. * history of cervical radiculopathy, spondylosis, spondylolisthesis, disc prolapse, any other systemic disease or vascular syndrome such as vertebro-basilar insufficiency. * diagnosed fibromyalgia, myopathy or myelopathy * sensory/motor dysfunction owing to any neurological pathology in the mid or upper back.
integration of palliative care in an oncology and hematology unit

Conditions: Advanced Cancer

Summary: the main goal of this study is to assess retrospectively the integration of palliative care in an oncology and hematology unit. the investigators will study the last six month of life on advanced cancer patients and retrieve data from their medical file to obtain criterias of quality of care and integration of palliative care in this population. those criterias have been used before in other setting (earle criterias, esmo recommendations) and the investigators will compare our data to existing publications. they also hope to see if it is retrospectively possible to assess the probability of death using the pronopall score. this will help them asses if aggressive end of life care could have been avoided using the pronopall score


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient aged over 18 years old * patient who has been followed in the oncohematology unit of the university hospital of strasbourg for a solid tumor or haematological cancer * died within the 1rst of january 2017 and the 31st of december 2018 * the patient has not expressed an opposition to the use of his medical data during his lifetime. exclusion criteria: * patient receiving allogeneic stem cell transplant * patient expressed during his lifetime an opposition regarding the use of his medical data

Keywords: advanced cancer end of life agressiveness of care palliative care integration
a study investigating the distribution and metabolism of three 14c-labeled radioactive study compounds

Conditions: Healthy Volunteers; Type 2 Diabetes

Summary: people with type 2 diabetes have too much sugar in their blood and need treatment to control their sugar level. the 3 study compounds in this study are similar to an approved antidiabetic medicine that helps to lower blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. this approved antidiabetic medicine is generally safe and well tolerated. the study compounds are expected to have the same antidiabetic effect as the approved medicine. the purpose of this study is to investigate how quickly and to what extent each of the 3 study compounds are broken down in the body (this is called pharmacokinetics). the dose of each study compound will be very low (this is called a microdose), and will be labelled with a small amount of carbon-14. this is radioactive, and it makes it possible to track the study compound in the blood. the 3 study compounds in this study have not been given to humans before. the study will be performed in up to 18 healthy male volunteers. the study will consist of 3 groups of 6 volunteers each. each participant will receive only one dose of study medicine.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy subject. * sex : male. * age 18 to 54 years, inclusive, at the time of signing informed consent. * body mass index (bmi) 18.0 to 30.0 kg/m\^2, inclusive, at the time of signing informed consent . exclusion criteria: * known or suspected hypersensitivity to study product(s) or related products. * any disorder that in the investigator's opinion might jeopardise subject's safety, evaluation of results, or compliance with the protocol. * glycosylated haemoglobin (hba1c) equal to or above 6.5% (48 mmol/mol) at screening. * personal or first-degree relative(s) history of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 or medullary thyroid carcinoma. * subjects with a history of malignant neoplasms within the past 5 years prior to screening. * presence or history of pancreatitis (acute or chronic; as declared by the subject or reported in the medical records). * participation in a study with a radiation burden of above 0.1 millisievert (msv) in the period of 1 year prior to screening.