Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
building respiratory support in east africa through high flow versus standard flow oxygen evaluation

Conditions: Acute Hypoxemia

Summary: acute hypoxemia is common and deadly in resource variable settings. while studies in high income countries (hics) have indicated a possible benefit to high flow oxygen as compared with standard flow oxygen, rigorous studies in low or lower middle income countries (lmics) have not been performed. studies in sepsis have demonstrated that interventions that improve outcomes in one context may actually be neutral or harmful in a different context. the goal of this study is to test whether high flow oxygen results in better outcomes for hypoxemic adult patients, as compared with standard flow oxygen, in five lmic hospitals. the main questions it aims to answer are: 1. for hypoxemic adults in these lmic study settings, does high flow oxygen or standard flow oxygen result in lower mortality? 2. what are the facilitators and barriers to using high flow oxygen in these settings? 3. does high flow or standard flow oxygen use more oxygen? participants will be randomized to receive either high flow oxygen through a large nasal cannula, or to receive standard flow oxygen, through nasal cannulas, face masks, or non-rebreather masks. researchers will compare the outcomes for the two groups, to see if one group of patients has better outcomes than the other. the study will also examine how much oxygen is used by the two patient groups, as well as other factors relevant to the feasibility of implementation of high flow oxygen in these sites.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age\>=18 years and * admitted to a study site hospital within the 24 hours prior to screening and * spo2\<90% at time of first assessment or * receiving oxygen at time of first assessment exclusion criteria: * imminent death (high clinical suspicion of death within 24 hours of admission) * patient or caregiver refusal of study participation * history of chronic respiratory failure (spo2\<90% or oxygen dependence for at least three months) * anatomical factors precluding the use of nasal cannula * intubation or non-invasive ventilation by the clinical team prior to screening for the trial * known hypoxemia at transferring facility for \>48 hours * lack of availability of either sfo or hfo devices or supplies at the time of randomization.
safety of buprenorphine transdermal system (btds) in subjects with acute postoperative pain after total knee replacement

Conditions: Postoperative Pain

Summary: the objectives in this study are to evaluate: (1) efficacy of buprenorphine transdermal system (btds, butrans™) on postoperative pain following total knee replacement surgery; (2) the impact of btds on functional rehabilitative measures after total knee replacement surgery; and 3) the safety of btds after total knee replacement surgery. the double-blind treatment period is for 28 days during which time supplemental analgesic medication will be provided to all subjects in addition to study drug. purdue pharma l.p. terminated the trial early due to administrative reasons not related to efficacy or safety. the focus of this study became safety evaluations.

buprenorphine is a synthetic opioid analgesic with over 25 years of international clinical experience indicating it to be safe and effective in a variety of therapeutic situations for the relief of moderate to severe pain.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males and females of 18 to 80 years of age with american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status classification of 1, 2 or 3 * scheduled to undergo unilateral total knee arthroplasty (tka) for the treatment of the osteoarthritis. exclusion criteria: * subjects who have pain or disability in a site other than the operative joint. * subjects who have had total knee arthroplasty within 6 months of the scheduled surgery or are scheduled to undergo bilateral knee arthroplasty. * subjects whose body mass index (bmi) is 40 or more.

Keywords: postoperative pain opioid transdermal tka (total knee arthroplasty)
postprandial monocyte maturation and vascular dysfunction following high-fat meals - study 1

Conditions: Cardiovascular Risk Factor; Lipemia

Summary: the purpose of this research study is to examine the effect of high-fat meals on the health of blood vessels. in addition, the study will examine how exercise/fitness/physical activity impacts blood vessels after consumption of a high-fat meal.

this is the first in a series of studies examining the impact of high-fat meals on blood vessels. during the preliminary visit of this study, eligible participants' resting metabolic rate, arm flow mediated dilation, and leg flow mediate dilation will be measured. they will complete handgrip and plantar flexion exercise tasks. finally, they will be given a physical activity monitor to wear for 7 days. at their first visit, participants will eat a high-fat meal and blood will be drawn to measure blood vessel health. they will also repeat the arm flow mediated dilation, leg flow mediate dilation, handgrip, and plantar flexion exercise tests.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. college-age: 18-30 years old 2. normal fasting triglyceride (\<150 mg/dl) (american college of sports medicine guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, 10th edition). 3. normal body composition: % body fat, males \<25%, females \<32% (american college of sports medicine guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, 10th edition) 4. self-reported engagement in moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity and/or an exercise training regimen or self-reported low physical activity and no engagement in an exercise training regimen (international physical activity questionnaire) 5. low cardiorespiratory fitness (vo2peak; male: =\<45 ml/kg/min; female: =\<35 ml/kg/min; categorized as =40th percentile by acsm guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, 10th edition; 44, 45, 46, 47) or high cardiorespiratory fitness (vo2peak; male: =55 ml/kg/min; female: 45 ml/kg/min; categorized as =70th percentile by acsm guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, 10th edition; 44, 45, 46, 47) f.) for female participants, presence of a normal, monthly menstrual cycle with or without prescribed contraceptive methods. . exclusion criteria: 1. presence of diagnosed cardiovascular, metabolic, or renal disease or dysfunction 2. presence of signs and symptoms suggestive of cardiovascular, metabolic, or renal disease 3. presence of musculoskeletal injury 4. pregnancy 5. history of smoking 6. engagement in an abnormal eating behavior 7. unable to communicate effectively in english 8. moderate cardiorespiratory fitness (vo2peak; male: 46-54 ml/kg/min; female: 36-44 ml/kg/min) 9. elevated or high fasting triglycerides (\>150 mg/dl) 10. absence of a normal, monthly menstrual cycle with or without prescribed contraceptive methods

Keywords: vascular dysfunction
blood loss measurement using electrical impedance tomography

Conditions: Blood Loss

Summary: the project focuses on the possibility of detecting blood loss using electrical impedance tomography. based on previous animal experiments, it was found that the bolus of saline significantly affects the signal of chest bioimpedance. it is assumed that blood loss of a similar volume will cause a similar signal change with the opposite trend. the aim of this project is to determine whether there is a significant change in the thoracic electrical impedance tomography signal when blood loss is caused by voluntary blood donation.

electrical impedance tomography is a bedside method of ventilation monitoring. the bioimpedance of the tissue depends, among other things, on its blood content. the area of the chest and especially the lungs is a heavily perfused tissue, which also serves as one of the reservoirs of blood in case of blood loss. it is therefore possible that blood loss will be visible on chest bioimpedance relatively soon. the study will be performed on voluntary blood donors. blood loss of 450 ml will be caused by the collection of donated blood. during blood collection at the transfusion department, thoracic bioimpedance will be measured using electrical impedance tomography. the resulting signal change will then be analyzed to determine the possibility of detecting and measuring blood loss using electrical impedance tomography.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * voluntary blood donation exclusion criteria: * standard exclusion criteria for voluntary blood donation based on the transfusion station protocol * standard exclusion criteria for electrical impedance tomography according to the manufacturer

Keywords: blood donation, eit
hcg levels after ovulation triggering as predictors of icsi outcome

Conditions: Infertility

Summary: this study aimed to assess the correlation between hcg levels after ovulation triggering and icsi outcomes, affected by hcg formulation and dose

the aims of this study are: 1. to assess the correlation between serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) level after ovulation triggering and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (icsi) outcome including: oocyte maturity and quality, good quality embryo rate, blastocyst formation rate and pregnancy rate 2. to determine if there is an association between type and dose of the trigger and icsi outcome.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women who will undergo controlled ovarian stimulation (cos) through fixed gnrh antagonist protocol exclusion criteria: * bmi \> 30 kg/m2 * irregular menstruation * severe male factor abnormality * poor ovarian reserve * endometriosis * uterine abnormality

Keywords: ovulation triggering uhcg rhcg gnrh dual trigger
trial on oral appliance design for improving upper airway function and sleep quality

Conditions: Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Summary: this study will compare the effectiveness of the two leading oral appliances (oas) designs for the treatment of severe obstructive sleep apnea in overweight adults. the effectiveness of oas has come under question since different designs are combined in evaluating treatment efficacy, for example when comparing them to continuous positive airway pressure due to the wide range of reported efficacy (53 to 90%), it is of great value to identify the most effective design to guide sleep practitioners and patients.

the two prominent oral appliances used in treating obstructive sleep apnea differ in their designs, mid-line traction versus bilateral thrust. from a clinical perspective, it is important to know which design is superior and should be the 'treatment of choice' for improving airway function and sleep quality. these two designs differ in their protrusive mechanisms that are categorized in general under four main types: bilateral compression, bilateral thrust, midline compression and mid-line traction. although the two designs considered in this proposal have undergone the most rigorous testing individually, well controlled 'head-to-head' trials as proposed here have not been conducted to determine their efficacy within a single test population.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * osa psg or pg diagnosed adults within 1 year * age \>18 * currently treated with continuous positive airway pressure (cpap) * ahi ≥ \>30 events/hour of sleep * two or more osa symptoms (snoring, witnessed apnea or daytime hypersomnolence complaint) * bmi ≥ 30 * at least 8 teeth per arch to support either oa device * central and mixed apnea index \<5 events/hour * mallampati score from i to iii * palatine tonsils - grade 0, 1, or 2 * consent to study's timeline * willingness to wear home sleep test apparatus for at least 4 nights * willingness to wear an oral appliance every night for 8 weeks * willingness to pick up and return home sleep test kits as needed exclusion criteria: * cardiac \& pulmonary disease (e.g., congestive heart failure, severe arrhythmias, copd); * central sleep apnea; * comorbidities with other sleep disorders * no active tmd or jaw muscle pain * morphological airway abnormalities * pre-existing difficulty swallowing; throat or neck related health issues * endocrine dysfunction * severe psychiatric disorders; * previous oa therapy; ent surgery * restrictions in jaw opening * pregnancy / breast feeding or intent to become pregnant during the study * inability to apply the sleep recorders

Keywords: oral appliance sleep quality sleep apnea
low-cost, portable flexible nasopharyngoscope in head & neck cancers in low resource settings - optimization phase

Conditions: Head and Neck Cancer; Oral Cancer

Summary: this study aims to develop and evaluate a low-cost, portable, flexible nasopharyngeal scope (fns) used to assess head and neck cancers (hnc) in low resource settings. the fns will be compared to an endoscope that is used as standard of care (soc) in terms of ease of use, image quality, and perceived pain. the ultimate goal is to compare the ease of use between the fns to what is used in soc.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * willing and able to provide signed and dated informed consent form * willing to comply with all study procedures and be available for the duration of the study * male or female, aged 18 or older * patients who clinical meet clinical criteria for soc scope examination of the upper aerodigestive tract. this includes signs and symptoms such as dysphagia, nasal obstruction, neck mass, throat pain, and hoarseness. exclusion criteria: * withdrawal of consent during the study duration * subjects who have complications from the soc exam * anyone unable to under the soc exam
description of therapy options and successes in the long-term course of delirium in the recovery room - cesaro ii

Conditions: Delirium

Summary: this project is a multicenter pilot project to evaluate the therapeutic success in the long term up to 3 months after a delirium in a recovery room. there is a europe-wide recommendation for the prevention of postoperative delirium in older patients and the evidence and consensus-based guideline "management of delirium, analgesia and sedation in intensiv care medicine" of the awmf (arbeitsgemeinschaft der wissenschaftlichen medizinischen fachgesellschaften) are regularly updated for the detection and treatment of delirium in the intensive care unit. the aim is to evaluate the effects of a systematic delirium screening and the delirium treatment options in the long term in the same way as the current recommendations for the patient cohort of the recovery room.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients admitted to the recovery room who have been diagnosed with delirium according to the treating physicians * the patient is on a ward in the hospital * age ≥ 18 years * stay in the recovery room ≥ 1 day * the patient is able to give consent exclusion criteria: * participation in a prospective intervention study (except adjuvant therapy study) * patients with underlying neurological diseases that make it difficult to differentiate from delirium * missing contact 3 months after stay in the recovery room.
analgesic and anti-inflamatory effect of vit. b

Conditions: Postoperative Pain, Acute

Summary: vitamin c, also known as ascorbic acid, is a potent reducing agent and antioxidant that plays a crucial role in various metabolic processes.vitamin b complex, a group of eight essential b vitamins, plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism, energy production, and maintaining nervous system health. there are few available studies on the effects of vitamin b injection on plasma inflammatory markers and its adjuvant analgesic effect along with the routine multimodal analgesia. considering limited research and existing controversies in this field, the aim of present study is to evaluate the effects of preoperative and intraoperative vitamin b12 administration compared to vitamin c when used as a component of the multimodal analgesic technique in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients (age 18-60 years) * american society of anesthesiologists (asa) classification i-ii * patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia exclusion criteria: * hypersensitivity to vitamin b complex or vitamin c * history of chronic pain or use of opioids within the last month * patient with inflammatory conditions * severe renal or hepatic impairment * patient with intellectual disabilities.
s9031-s9126-s9333-s9500-b biomarker expression in patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Conditions: Leukemia

Summary: rationale: studying samples of bone marrow from patients with cancer in the laboratory may help doctors learn more about changes that occur in dna and identify biomarkers related to cancer. purpose: this research study is looking at biomarker expression in bone marrow samples from patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

objectives: * estimate the distributions of topoisomerase 2 (top2) expression and single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (aml). * estimate the distributions of mutations in top2 phosphorylation sites (by snp analysis) in these patients. * investigate whether expression of top2 or mutations in top2 phosphorylation sites vary with patient or disease characteristics in these patients. * test whether top2 expression correlates with complete remission rates, relapse-free survival, and overall survival of these patients. * conduct preliminary analyses to estimate the distributions of top2 expression and mutations in top2 phosphorylation sites (by snp analysis) in patients with relapsed and/or refractory aml. * investigate whether expression of top2 and mutations in top2 phosphorylation sites vary with patient or disease characteristics in patients with relapsed and/or refractory aml. * test whether top2 expression and mutations in top2 phosphorylation sites differ between previously untreated and relapsed/refractory aml patients. outline: this is a multicenter study. archived rna specimens are analyzed for topoisomerase 2 transcriptional expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and for mutations within top2 phosphorylation sites by single nucleotide polymorphism analysis.

Eligibility criteria:
disease characteristics: * diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia * all subtypes allowed (except acute promyelocytic leukemia \[m3\]) * previously untreated or relapsed/refractory disease * isolated rna specimens from bone marrow aspirate samples available from patients who participated on swog-9031, swog-9333 (cytarabine/daunorubicin hydrochloride induction arm only), swog-9500, or swog-9126 patient characteristics: * not specified prior concurrent therapy: * see disease characteristics

Keywords: adult acute myeloid leukemia with 11q23 (mll) abnormalities adult acute myeloid leukemia with del(5q) adult acute myeloid leukemia with inv(16)(p13;q22) adult acute myeloid leukemia with t(16;16)(p13;q22) adult acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22) recurrent adult acute myeloid leukemia untreated adult acute myeloid leukemia adult erythroleukemia (m6a) adult pure erythroid leukemia (m6b) adult acute monoblastic leukemia (m5a) adult acute monocytic leukemia (m5b) adult acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation (m2) adult acute myeloblastic leukemia without maturation (m1) adult acute myelomonocytic leukemia (m4) secondary acute myeloid leukemia adult acute minimally differentiated myeloid leukemia (m0) adult acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (m7)
arnica and the management of pain in acute musculoskeletal extremity injuries

Conditions: Pain, Muscle; Pain, Acute

Summary: in the emergency department, there is no standard of care for pain medication distribution for children with an acute musculoskeletal injury when there is no fracture present. currently, ibuprofen is a favorable choice for the treatment, but studies have shown concern for delayed healing activity associated with nsaids like ibuprofen. homeopathic arnica montana is a well-established complimentary medicine and may provide a good alternative for managing acute pain from musculoskeletal injuries, especially in children, given the palatability and rarity of side effects. this study aims to compare usual care vs. usual care plus arnica 1m\* (oral) or the placebo for management of pain in acute musculoskeletal extremity injuries without fracture by utilizing a double-blind clinical trial design. the primary outcome is to determine if subjects use less ibuprofen when given arnica 1m.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient presents to the emergency department with an acute, soft tissue ankle or forearm injury * ed provider orders an x-ray for evaluation of injury * patient's initial pain score is of a 4 or higher * patient has noticeable swelling at the site of the injury exclusion criteria: * patient is diagnosed with a fracture * patient has an allergy to ibuprofen * patient is already on a nsaid, acetaminophen, anticoagulant or oral corticosteroid therapy for chronic pain treatment (a nsaid given in triage or use for the current injury is allowed) * use of other concurrent complementary medicine therapy, e.g. massage, acupuncture, physical therapy * patient has been treated for this injury in the past * patient has a bleeding/bruising disorder * patient is pregnant or is lactating * patient has a liver or kidney disease, malignancy, infection, immunodeficiency or metabolic syndrome * patient is allergic to the asteraceae family of plants (arnica, ragweed, chrysanthemum, marigold, or daisy are the most common) * patient is nonverbal, and thus unable to give a pain score * patient does not have a working telephone (required for follow-up call) * family requires foreign language interpreter during their ed visit

Keywords: homeopathy pain management musculoskeletal extremity injuries swelling
an observational study of cholesterol in coronary arteries

Conditions: Myocardial Infarction; Angina; Coronary Artery Disease; Myocardial Ischemia

Summary: in april 2008, a coronary catheter based imaging system, lipiscan, was cleared by the fda for use in detecting lipid core containing containing plaques of interest (lcp). these plaques are rich in cholesterol. the way that cholesterol and other lipids deposit with the coronary artery is unique to each patient. this study is an organized attempt to observe the lcp and the variety of ways that it presents in patients as detected by this recently approved device. this information will be used for physician training and to observe the behavior of the lcp in response to no therapy and currently approved therapies. the purpose of this project is further medical knowledge of the lcp and its treatment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject is at least 18 years of age. * subject is scheduled for elective coronary catheterization. * lipiscan cis, lipiscan ivus imaging system, or tvc imaging system use is not contra-indicated. * at least one chemogram from a native coronary artery is available for submission to the registry. * able to read, understand and sign the informed consent. exclusion criteria: * subject is pregnant or nursing. * subject life expectancy is less than 2 years at time of index catheterization. * all submitted chemograms are obtained with the lipiscan, lipiscan ivus, or tvc(r) imaging catheter positioned within a coronary artery bypass graft. * unable to give informed consent

Keywords: near infrared spectroscopy lipiscan lipid core percutaneous coronary intervention myocardial infarction nirs intravascular imaging