Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
cognitive protective effect of newer antidiabetic drugs

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes

Summary: the proposed study aims to: 1. explore the cognitive protective effects of sglt2 inhibitors and dpp-4 inhibitors in patients attending diabetic clinics in alexandria 2. examine the possible relationship of such effects with the systemic inflammatory and metabolic status in these patients 3. undertake a network analysis to elucidate the potential pathways linking the observed protective effects, if any, with the observed changes in inflammatory or metabolic parameters

the investigators propose to profile diabetic patients taking sglt2 inhibitors and dpp-4 inhibitors using different parameters and compare them to others on more traditional anti-diabetic therapy. regression and comparative statistics will be used to determine whether the targeted drug classes offer a benefit in terms of cognitive function. if a trend (or correlation) is determined, a bioinformatic approach will be adopted to perform a network analysis including the targets of these drug classes and pathways showing in datasets of the inflammatory or metabolic parameters altered by the drug. this network analysis is intended to provide further mechanistic insight into the pathways involved in the observed drug action. the patients targeted will be divided into the following groups: 1. diabetic patients treated with metformin and dpp-4 inhibitors and/or sglt2 inhibitors 2. diabetic patients treated with metformin only this will be in addition to a group of healthy non-diabetic controls to serve as a baseline reference.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * type 2 diabetic patients * age (≥50 years) * ability to understand and cooperate with study procedures exclusion criteria: * diagnosed dementia * use of possible or known cognition impairing drugs in the last three months
intranasal fentanyl versus oral morphine sulfate in the treatment of pain in pediatric trauma

Conditions: Pain, Acute

Summary: acute tramatic pain is one of main reasons for consultation in pediatric emergency departments. to manage pain quickly and effectively must be a primary outcome of the emergency department. however, pediatric emergency department are sometimes criticized for inadequate and delayed initiation analgesia . indeed, several studies have shown the inadequacy between the intensity of the pain evaluated by the care team and the therapeutic management of it. the ideal analgesic must have a rapid onset of action, have a powerful analgesic effect, have few side effects and can be administered quickly and painlessly. that's why, the main outcome of this study is to assess the non inferiority of a treatment by intranasal fentanyl vs morphine sulfate (oral use) in children with traumatic pain on arrival to pediatric emergency department.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient aged between 4 years old and 15,3 years old * acute pain in traumatic context with a suspicion of fracture for patient \ 6/10 defined with a face analogue scale and a visual analogic scale (the difference between the scales is not \<10 points) * for patients \>7 years old : feeling pain \>6 points and defined thanks to a visual analogic scale * informed consent form signed by parents * beneficiary of an european health protection exclusion criteria: * antalgic ( ii or iii) within 4 hours before the inclusion * allergic or non-indication of fentanyl * allergic or contraindication of morphine sulfate * pre existing peripheral intravenous catheter * traumatic brain injury * nasal traumatic

Keywords: traumatic pain children fentanyl intranasal use
characterization of the role of histamine in children with asthma

Conditions: Asthma; Allergic Asthma; Non-allergic Asthma

Summary: asthma, a chronic disease which produces significant morbidity and mortality in children, is a significant health problem to a large segment of society. despite considerable advances in the diagnosis and treatment of asthma over the past several years, a sizeable portion of patients do not respond to the "core" treatments. the investigators are now learning that the underlying pathophysiology of disease is different among patients with asthma therefore; treatments which are beneficial in some patient groups may be not achieve affect in other groups. antihistamines have been studied in the past for the treatment of asthma. these studies have shown that there may be a beneficial effect of antihistamines in patients with allergic asthma where histamine likely plays a large role in disease and treatment response. however, there is not enough evidence to include these drugs in the standard treatment of asthma. the investigators hypothesize that histamine plays a definable, significant role in disease pathogenesis and treatment response in children with allergic asthma. the investigators plan to test this overall hypothesis through two specific aims. the first aim will characterize the relative contribution of histamine in allergic vs. non-allergic asthma. this aim will be accomplished by comparison of the microvasculature response to histamine in children with allergic asthma and children with non-allergic asthma, measured by histamine iontophoresis with laser doppler (hild) monitoring, to determine potential phenotype-associated differences in the pharmacodynamic response to histamine.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children age 7-17 years old * with the diagnosis of allergic asthma or non-allergic asthma (n=102 exclusion criteria: * history of immunodeficiency, mastocytosis * chronic abnormal conditions of the skin, liver or kidney * neoplastic disease * movement or neurologic disorders * active eczema on the forearms at the time of study * history of a previous anaphylactic episode * evidence of pregnancy (by urinary hcg) or lactation at the time of the study
study to assess the treatment patterns in metastatic castration-resistance prostate cancer (mcrpc)

Conditions: Prostatic Neoplasms

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the treatment patterns in participants with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mcrpc). additionally, participant's demographic and clinical characteristics, skeletal-related events, criteria used to define crpc, prostate specific antigen (psa) levels and pain related to disease and overall survival will be observed.

this is an observational (study in which participants identified as belonging to study groups are assessed for biomedical or health outcomes), longitudinal (correlational research study that involves repeated observations of the same variables over long periods of time) and retrospective (study looking back over past experience) study to describe the treatment patterns in mcrpc. treatment patterns will be assessed by collecting medical charts from participants diagnosed with mcrpc in or prior 2009. primarily, percentage of participants who received therapy as first line treatment will be assessed. all adverse events associated with the use of sponsor drugs will be reported.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * histologically or cytologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate * report of previous surgical or medical castration * castration-resistant prostate cancer (crpc) diagnosis in or before 2009 * metastatic disease documented by positive bone scan or metastatic lesions on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging in or before 2009. if lymph node metastasis is the only evidence of metastasis, it must be 2 centimeters (cm) in diameter exclusion criteria: * participation in any investigational drug or device study or early access programme

Keywords: prostatic neoplasms observational study metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
intermittent oro-esophageal tube on rehabilitation therapy compliance in stroke patients

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: the aim of this clinical trial is to compare rehabilitation therapy compliance of ischemic stroke patients who receive enteral nutrition support through either intermittent oro-esophageal tube or nasogastric tube. patients will be randomly assigned to either an observation group or a control group, with both groups receiving routine rehabilitation treatment. the observation group will receive enteral nutrition support through intermittent oro-esophageal tube, while the control group will receive it through nasogastric tube. researchers will then compare rehabilitation therapy compliance of the two groups.

the study will last 15 days for each participant. the aim of this clinical trial is to compare rehabilitation therapy compliance of ischemic stroke patients who receive enteral nutrition support through either intermittent oro-esophageal tube or nasogastric tube. patients will be randomly assigned to either an observation group or a control group, with both groups receiving routine rehabilitation treatment. the observation group will receive enteral nutrition support through intermittent oro-esophageal tube, while the control group will receive it through nasogastric tube. researchers will then compare rehabilitation therapy compliance of the two groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥ 18 years; * meeting the diagnostic criteria of stroke; * any degree of dysphagia at admission; * steady vital signs, without severe cognitive impairment or sensory aphasia, able to cooperate with the assessment. * transferred out within three weeks of hospitalization in the neurology department. exclusion criteria: * complicated with other neurological diseases; * damaged mucosa or incomplete structure in nasopharynx; * tracheostomy tube plugged; * unfeasible to the support of parenteral nutrition; * simultaneously suffering from liver, kidney failure, tumors, or hematological diseases.
combined exercise and nutritional intervention in gi cancer patients

Conditions: Pancreatic Cancer; Gastric Cancer; Diet; Exercise

Summary: although some studies have focused on the role of exercise on inflammation and cytokine expression in cancer patients undergoing treatment and survivors, to our knowledge none have investigated the effect of exercise during neoadjuvant treatment as a complementary therapy to 1) modulate inflammation which may have a positive influence on chemotherapy response and 2) preserve or improve skeletal muscle, thus preventing cancer cachexia. furthermore, we believe that the neoadjuvant treatment period could be a window of opportunity to optimize patient's nutritional status before surgery, which until now has been under used. bearing in mind that nutritional interventions may also influence il-6, our hypothesis is that a combined exercise and dietary intervention (cedi) may induce positive alterations in cytokine profile and increase nk cell infiltration of the tumor in gastric and pancreatic cancer patients submitted to neo-adjuvant therapy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * gastric or pancreatic cancer stage ii/iii, eligible for neoadjuvant chemotherapy, * age higher than 40 years and lower than 80 years, * ecog (eastern cooperative oncology group) functional status: 0-2, * sedentary/low physical activity level. exclusion criteria: * life expectancy less than 12 months at inclusion, * chemotherapy regimen other than 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid, oxaliplatin, docetaxel (flot) for gastric and 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan and oxaliplatin (folfirinox) or gemcitabine for pancreatic cancer, * metastatic disease, * chronic anti-inflammatory medication use, * known inflammatory condition (rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis or chronic active hepatitis) * cardiovascular, respiratory or musculoskeletal or joint problems that preclude moderate physical activity.

Keywords: body composition wasting malnutrition
long-term effect of low frequency stimulation on aspiration and freezing of gait in pd with stn dbs

Conditions: Parkinson's Disease

Summary: our recent study (xie et al, neurology 2015; 84: 415-420) found that bilateral stn dbs of 60hz, compared to the traditional 130hz, decreased the aspiration frequency and swallowing difficulty, freezing of gait (fog), and other axial symptoms and parkinsonism in parkinson patients with fog refractory to 130hz and medications. the benefit of 60hz stimulation persisted during the 6-week study period, but with worsening tremor in one patient. however, it remains unknown whether the benefit of 60hz would persist on prolonged stimulation period, and whether there is carry-over effect across different conditions. hence, the investigators would like to test the hypothesis that the 60hz stimulation, compared to 130hz might have persistent benefit over an extended period in reducing the swallowing dysfunction, fog, and other axial symptoms in these pd patients even after correcting the potential carry-over effect.

the investigators will enroll 14 parkinson patients with bilateral stn dbs and refractory fog to 130hz stimulation and dopaminergic medications for two visits of at least 6-month apart. the 6 patients remaining on 60hz stimulation after our previous study consisting of 7 patients will be assessed once again as visit-2 after previous visit-1 of their last study. we anticipate to have 20 patents complete for visit-1 and at least 18 patients complete for visit-2 in this randomized double-blind prospective crossover study with their usual medication "on" state, with 6-7 patients on each starting condition (60hz vs 130hz vs dbs off). swallowing function on modified barium swallowing test and swallowing questionnaire, fog in stand-walk-sit test and questionnaire, and other axial and motor function on updrs-iii will be assessed under each dbs condition. changes in measurements between 60hz and 130hz at each visit and under 60hz between two visits will be analyzed, with swallowing function and fog as primary, and the rest as secondary outcomes, correcting for potential carryover effect. changes between other dbs conditions might also be explored in this 2-year study. this would be the first study on the long-term effect of 60hz stimulation on dysphagia, fog and other axial and motor symptoms in parkinson patients with bilateral stn dbs and fog refractory to 130hz stimulation and dopaminergic medications, which will have significant impact on the treatment of difficult axial symptoms of high morbidity and mortality.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pd patients with bilateral stn dbs placement and fog at 130hz even at usual medication "on" state. exclusion criteria: * known history of recent aspiration pneumonia

Keywords: dbs low frequency stimulation dysphagia freezing of gait
effectiveness of wet needling technique in patients of patellofemoral pain syndrome

Conditions: Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Summary: this study evaluate the effectiveness of wet needling technique in reducing pain, improving function and enhancing the quality of life in patellofemoral pain syndrome patient.patellofemoral pain syndrome is a common knee condition that significantly affects physical activity and quality of life .

this study aims to determine wether integrating wet needling into a kinesiotaping and strenghthening exercises regimen provides enhanced outcomes for patellofemoral pain syndrome patients .wet needling combined with kinesiotaping and strengthening eexercises provides superior pain relief and functional improvement .participant will divided into two groups : one will recieve treatment using wet needling with kinesiotaping and strengthening exercises , and the other recieve kinesiotaping and strengthening exercises.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 20-35 * unilateral , prepatellar or retropatellar pain unrelated to trauma for atleast 3 month , agerevated witrh atleast 2 daily activities such as prolonged sitting, squatting , kneeling , running or stairs climbing. * positive clarkes sign. * average pain in the previous week \>3 on numeric pain rating scale. kujala questionnaire score \<85of 100. * active trigger points in gluets and quadriceps. * presence of palpable taut band in muscle and typical reffered pain . exclusion criteria: * bilateral anterior knee pain. * patients with fracture of knee joint , dislocation of patella , previous knee or ankle surgery and ligament or meniscus injury . * marked structural deformity and known pathological condition of back , hip and ankle . any metabolic or neurological disease such as diabetes or radicular pain . physical therapy for knee pain within the previous year .
analysis of surgery in patients presenting with stage iv breast cancer

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this study is to study patients presenting with stage iv breast cancer. stage iv means that the breast cancer has spread to another part of the body outside the breast. this study is important because in different parts of the country some patients are being offered surgical treatment for the breast tumor and some are not. the doctors do not know if surgery for the breast tumor is helpful in patients with stage iv breast cancer. the doctors will collect information about the patient and their treatment to learn more about how patients and doctors make treatment decisions. the doctor will also collect blood samples and tissue samples for laboratory studies to learn more about tumors that have spread to other parts of the body.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18 years or older * known or suspected stage iv breast cancer with intact primary tumor * known or suspected stage iv breast cancer with intact primary tumor, having begun systemic therapy within the past 12 months * known or suspected stage iv breast cancer within 3 months of local breast surgery * known or suspected stage iv breast cancer within 3 months of local breast surgery, having begun systemic therapy within the past 12 months exclusion criteria: * primary breast cancer diagnosis made by fna only and no pre-treatment core biopsy planned for diagnostic or research purposes. * failure of mskcc or participating site to confirm stage iv breast cancer diagnosis by biopsy within 30 days of study enrollment

Keywords: breast blood and tissue collection epidemiologic questionnaire tbcrc (translational breast cancer research consortium) 09-056
the effectiveness of nurse navigators in cancer care

Conditions: Neoplasms; Nurse-Patient Relations; Psychiatric Disorder

Summary: cancer patients will be recruited from the taipei cancer center of taipei medical university. this study was divided into two phases. the first phase adopted cross-sectional study design with questionnaires to analyze the potential predictors of depressive symptoms among cancer patients. the second stage was adopted experimental study design to explore the effectiveness of nurse navigators in cancer care.

the first phase analyze the potential predictors include the following: socio-demographic characteristics, disease characteristics, lifestyle, perceived benefits, cancer patient' experience with medical service, emotional distress, anxiety, and demoralization. the second phase will be experimental study.thus, subjects were randomly sampled and divided into 2 groups: experimental group and control group. subjects in the experimental group will receive oncology case manager care combined with cancer nurse navigator care, while subjects in the control group will be designed as regular care, which only care with cancer case managers. both groups will receive long-term follow-up analysis (pre-intervention, post-intervention - 3 months, and 6 months). outcome measures include the following: perceived benefits, emotional distress, depression and anxiety, demoralization, cancer patient' experience with medical service, and medical report indicators (retention rate, completion rate, survival rate, mortality rate, untreated cancer within 3 months).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. cancer patients for the first time at the cancer center clinic of the university hospital 2. older than 20 years old 3. ability to communicate and read 4. the case voluntarily participated in the study and signed the consent form exclusion criteria: 1. people with mental disorders who have schizophrenia, personality disorder, mental retardation, or organic brain disorder. 2. patient with brain metastasis. 3. patients who receive hospice palliative care or other treatment programs.

Keywords: navigator
china pulmonary health study

Conditions: Chronic Respiratory Diseases; Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases; Malignant Tumors; Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Multimorbidities

Summary: the china pulmonary health study (cphs) was a large-scale epidemiological survey designed to investigate the pulmonary health of chinese adults aged 20 years or older leveraging a multistage stratified sampling scheme between 2011 and 2014 in mainland china. briefly, a total number of 57,779 local residents were recruited from 10 representative provinces and municipalities and were invited to participate in the study. a final number of 50,991 adults who met the major inclusion criteria could be considered in further analyses. in order to investigate the changes of pulmonary health and disease status (e.g. occurrence and development of chronic respiratory diseases and other important relevant multimorbidities, lung function indices, etc.) and corresponding impact factors in the cphs study population, we plan to initiate the first round of follow-up investigation in 2025 and 2026, i.e. 10-15 years after the baseline survey.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * (1) the individuals who participated in the cphs baseline survey; * (2) their id number and phone number are available; * (3) sign the informed consent. exclusion criteria: * (1) incapable of taking pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry tests; * (2) request to withdraw the informed consent; * (3) terminate due to medical or ethical considerations judged by the investigators and/or ethics committee.

Keywords: multimorbidities epidemiological survey cohort population medicine
medication in early diabetes (med) study

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: this study compares metformin (current first-line medication) to pioglitazone (a newer diabetic medication currently approved for combination use). whilst there is good evidence for the benefits of pioglitazone use in other populations, in light of the known weight gain effects of pioglitazone we believe further assessment is required in indigenous australians (in whom there is a strong predisposition for central fat deposition). this study will provide evidence regarding the medication appropriate for first line medication in type 2 diabetes in this high risk population. this study will assist clinicians to make evidenced-based decisions regarding initial medical management of those with type 2 diabetes (where there is currently a gap in evidence).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * drug naïve indigenous australians with type 2 diabetes * permanent resident of darwin for at least 1 year immediately before and expected to be for at least 1 year after study commences * participants must be able to give informed voluntary consent * both males and females (females of child bearing potential excluded if not on reliable means of contraception)