Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
chemoprevention efficacy study nigeria

Conditions: Malaria

Summary: the study aims to assess the chemoprevention efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and amodiaquine (spaq) used in standard age-based dosing regimens used in seasonal malaria chemoprevention (smc) and spaq resistance marker prevalences and assocations among children 3 - 59 months in sokoto and kwara states, nigeria.

the study aims (1) to determine the chemoprevention efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and amodiaquine (spaq) used in standard age-based dosing regimens for seasonal malaria chemoprevention (smc) in children 3-59 months and (2) determine the prevalences and associations of drug resistance genotypes associated with resistance to spaq. 1. a prospective cohort study to determine the chemoprevention efficacy of spaq (if spaq provides 28 days of protection from plasmodium falciparum (p. falciparum) malaria infection by clearing existing and preventing new infections) and whether drug concentrations and/or resistance influence the ability to clear and prevent these p. falciparum infections. 2. a resistance markers study in symptomatic rdt positive children 3-59 months to measure sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and amodiaquine resistance marker prevalence and association.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria * children between 3-59 months. * being resident in the research study area. * afebrile children with no other malaria associated symptoms in the past 48 hours or at time of recruitment. * consent to participate in the study obtained. * can comply with 3 days dot of standard spaq regimen. * willingness and ability of the child's guardians to comply with the study protocol for the duration of the study including all dry blood spot and slide collections. exclusion criteria * symptoms of malaria (tympanic fever ≥ 37.5 °c or history of fever in past 48 hours) * known allergy to spaq. * receiving a sulfa-based medication for treatment or prophylaxis, including co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole). * individuals receiving azithromycin due to the antimalarial activity of azithromycin. * severe malnutrition according to who guidelines * hiv positive or arv use (spaq must never be used with children taking the antiretroviral efavirenz) * chronic illness of any kind. * treatment with an act in previous 2 weeks. * previous treatment with spaq this malaria season.

Keywords: seasonal malaria chemoprevention chemoprevention efficacy antimalarial drug resistance
a randomized prospective trial comparing low-volume bowel preparation methods

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer; Colon Adenoma

Summary: colonoscopy is a common screening method to detect polyps and crc. with the early detection of crc through screening colonoscopy, patients could have better therapeutic effects and outcomes. in population screening programs, an increase in completed colonoscopies is related to a decrease in mortality from crc. however, the miss rate for detecting colorectal neoplastic polyps of colonoscopy is 5-28%. the reluctance of participants to undergo bowel preparation results in the relatively low rate of detection of polyps and crc, because poor preparation interferes with successful colon mucosa examination during a colonoscopy. low-volume bowel preparations provide equivalent cleansing effect compared with standard 4 liter polyethylene glycol. however, studies comparing the superiority between low-volume bowel preparations are rare, and results are controversial. this study aimed to compare the bowel cleansing quality and tolerability between split-dose sodium picosulfate/magnesium citrate and polyethylene glycol with ascorbic acid.

1. study design: endoscopist-blinded, prospective, randomized controlled trial 2. subjects 1. entry criteria: male or female patients, aged between18 and 80 years undergoing elective outpatient colonoscopy were eligible for the study. 2. exclusion criteria: patients who had chronic kidney disease, severe heart failure(new york heart association \[nyha\] class iii or iv), uncontrolled hypertension (systolic pressure ≥170 mm hg, diastolic pressure ≥100 mm hg), severe constipation, any bowel resection, significant gastroparesis, or suspected bowel obstruction or perforation. 3. sampling design: consecutive recruitment of consenting patients 4. variables predictor 1. group 1 (spmc 2) received one sachet of spmc at 7 p.m the evening before colonoscopy and another sachet of spmc at 5 hours before procedure 2. group 2 (peg-asc) received 1 l solution of peg-asc at 7 p.m the evening before colonoscopy and another 1 l solution of peg-asc at 5 hours before procedure; 5. primary outcome: quality of bowel preparation (boston bowel preparation scale, aronchick scale, bubble score) 6. secondary outcome: tolerability, palatability

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female patients, aged between18 and 80 years undergoing elective outpatient colonoscopy were eligible for the study exclusion criteria: * patients who had chronic kidney disease, severe heart failure(new york heart association \[nyha\] class iii or iv), uncontrolled hypertension (systolic pressure ≥170 mm hg, diastolic pressure ≥100 mm hg), severe constipation, any bowel resection, significant gastroparesis, or suspected bowel obstruction or perforation.

Keywords: bowel preparation polyethylene glycol with ascorbic acid sodium picosulfate with magnesium citrate
understanding genetic incidental findings in your family (unify study)

Conditions: Familial Pancreatic Cancer

Summary: currently, there is no clear legal or ethical guidance about how researchers and irbs ought to proceed when the research participant in a biobank is deceased and there is clinically relevant information that could be disclosed to family members. this study is designed to test a procedure offering genetic information to family members of research participants who participated in a pancreatic cancer biobank in a health insurance portability and accountability act (hipaa) -compliant design.

to develop, prototype, and evaluate a novel procedure for offering probands' genetic results to family members. the intervention is to offer a deceased research participant's actionable germline genetic research finding, and depending upon the choice made by the next of kin, a disclosure of the research finding by a genetic counselor in a family conference call. using mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative), the investigators will assess decision making, family communication, and actions and responses in individuals from families in which a proband is known to have a deleterious germline mutation in one of several known cancer susceptibility genes.

Eligibility criteria:
family members and others authorized to receive health information of participants enrolled under institutional review board (irb) #354-06 and #355-06 who carry one of several known cancer susceptibility genes. * mentally competent and able to provide informed consent * able to understand and read english

Keywords: family history pancreas cancer genetic
community reinforcement and family training (craft) for treatment-resistant individuals with alcohol use disorders

Conditions: Alcohol Dependence; Alcohol Abuse

Summary: the present study examines the efficacy of the community reinforcement and family training (craft) for concerned significant others (csos) of individuals with alcohol use disorders (auds) using a randomized waiting list (wl) control group. it is hypothesized that after the intervention group has received craft and prior to the wl- group having received craft, treatment utilization of individuals with auds are substantially elevated in the intervention group.

craft is an evidence-based intervention aiming to promote treatment entry by treatment refusing individuals suffering from addiction by coaching their concerned significant others (e.g., family members). the intervention is based on diverse elements such as communication training, contingency management, functional analysis of problem behaviors and strategies to improve the live of csos and aims to rearrange contingencies in the natural environment of the drinkers so that clean behavior is reinforced and drinking behavior is effectively discouraged. the intervention was developed for adult csos and usually consists of up to 12 weekly face-to-face sessions with a duration of one hour each.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * csos of individuals with an aud according to the diagnostic and statistical manual (dsm-iv) or the international classification of diseases (icd-10) * at least 18 years old * at least 15 hours of contact per week to the addicted individual exclusion criteria: * history of severe domestic violence * current diagnosis of drug- or alcohol dependence of cso

Keywords: craft concerned significant others contingency management reinforcement family intervention
laparoscopic inguinal and femoral hernia repair using pre-shaped 4dmesh® (4dlap)

Conditions: Inguinal Hernia; Femoral Hernia

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and performance of the 4dmesh® used in (robot-assisted) laparoscopic inguinal and femoral hernia repair. the goal of the study will be achieved by assessing the prevalence of recurrences, pain, quality-of-life (qol), return to daily activities and work and groin symptoms, and by reporting of peri- and postoperative complications in a prospectively maintained database.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patient has a primary unilateral or primary bilateral inguinal or femoral hernia eligible for (robot-assisted) laparoscopic tep or tapp repair. 2. patients with american society of anesthesiologists (asa) grade i to iii. 3. patient ≥ 18 years of age at study entry. 4. patient and investigator signed and dated the informed consent form prior to the index-procedure. exclusion criteria: 1. patient has a recurrent inguinal or femoral hernia. 2. patient is treated using the lichtenstein technique. 3. patients with asa grade iv and v. 4. patient is allergic to the components of the 4dmesh®. 5. presence of an infected site. 6. patient has a life expectancy of less than 5 years. 7. patient is unable / unwilling to provide informed consent. 8. patient is unable to comply with the protocol or proposed follow-up visits. 9. patient is enrolled in another study (be/es) / participation in a clinical trial within 3 months prior to the initial visit (fr). 10. patient is pregnant (be/fr) / pregnant women (es). 11. patient benefiting from a legal protection measure (minors, under guardianship, curatorship, safeguard of justice, future protection mandate or family empowerment) (fr). 12. patient not benefiting from a social protection scheme (fr).
does aromatherapy decrease postoperative nausea and vomiting?

Conditions: Nausea, Postoperative

Summary: aromatherapy has been proven to be effective for treating patients with postoperative nausea and vomiting (ponv) after surgery, but few studies analyze its effect on preventing ponv. most studies use aromatherapy once patients become nauseous, but this study will address a gap in the literature with relation to the effect of aromatherapy in the prevention of ponv.

the purpose of this pilot study is to determine if aromatherapy will prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting (ponv). peppermint aromatherapy will be used preemptively to test for effectiveness, decreased ponv, and the ability to avoid anti-emetics. this study will seek to demonstrate that peppermint aromatherapy is a simple, cost effective way to prevent ponv after anesthesia. by decreasing the need for anti-emetics and incidence of ponv, patients may have a quicker recovery time and experience less side effects from anti-emetics, such as increased sedation. this problem is significant to patients and society as it may demonstrate that the inhalation of peppermint can ease ponv and decrease costs due to anti-emetics, wound dehiscence, and prolonged hospital stay. this study may lead to higher levels of patient satisfaction; if the patients are not nauseated they may be more satisfied with their care.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult surgical patients ages 18 and older. * patients deemed medically stable by their surgery team. * anesthesia and surgeon faculty approval will be obtained prior to asking the patient for their consent. exclusion criteria: * minors * unstable patients, such as icu patients or intubated patients, pregnant women, and prisoners. * patients with a history of severe ponv or severe delirium on emergence from anesthesia will be excluded.
vitamin d to improve glucose metabolism and reduce inflammation in obese adolescents

Conditions: Obesity; Glucose Intolerance; Inflammation

Summary: the investigators' project will study the effects of optimizing the vit d status of obese adolescents on markers of glucose metabolism and inflammation.

the alarming rise in pediatric obesity over the past few decades has been associated with an increase in the occurrence of impaired glucose tolerance and inflammation in children and adolescents. these conditions are part of the "metabolic syndrome", and children with risk factors such as these are much more likely to develop cardiovascular disease or diabetes as adults compared with their lean peers. within the last few years there has been a growing body of evidence that optimizing vitamin d (vit d) status may alleviate these obesity-associated complications. further, there is also research that shows that the better the vit d status of overweight individuals, the more favorably they respond to dieting by losing more body fat. the prevalence of vit d deficiency/insufficiency in the north american population has been classified as an "epidemic" by experts in the field and obese teens are considered at an even greater risk for deficiency because they tend to store vit d in their fat stores which is not readily mobilized for use by the body. the investigators' project will study the effects of optimizing the vit d status of obese adolescents on markers of glucose metabolism and inflammation. obese teens attending an established adolescent weight loss clinic will be supplemented with high-dose vit d for 6 months (mos) which will be administered concurrently with their standard medical care and treatment. at baseline, 3 mos and 6 mos the investigators will measure vit d status, serum markers of insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism; serum markers of inflammation; and body weight/height and waist circumference. at baseline and 6 mos only the investigators also measure body composition (percent body fat by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) and confounding lifestyle factors known to affect vit d, glucose metabolism or inflammation (e.g., nutrient intake, physical activity, sun exposure, pubertal stage). results gleaned from this study will help to advance the prevention and treatment of obesity-related complications and have the potential to lead to significant reductions in healthcare costs and co-morbidities.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * obese adolescent (bmi \> 85th percentile for age) * 9-19 years of age * attending the adobe clinic at the university of missouri exclusion criteria: * use of vit d supplements other than standard multi-vitamin preparation * (i.e., should not be receiving vit d \> 1000 iu/d) use of medications that interfere with vit d metabolism (e.g., anti-convulsive) * history of hepatic or renal disorders; * undergoing ultraviolet radiation as medical therapy; * pregnancy; * cigarette smoking; * current use of commercial tanning bed;
pilot study to test dietary fat delivery

Conditions: Insulin Resistance

Summary: the average american diet consumed by a significant proportion of the adult population, supplies excessive calories and large amounts of saturated fat. saturated fats can be cleared and used in skeletal muscle, but in obese individuals, biomarkers of saturated fat are found in the blood, along with markers of poor muscle metabolism. both fats and amino acids are processed by the same metabolic pathways in muscle, and the investigators hypothesize that meals with greater amounts of saturated fat slow muscle metabolism. a better understanding of the interaction of these to metabolites will allow for the development of future medications to treat muscle loss in sick individuals and the elderly.

this study includes two parts, a baseline study and a three-week dietary study. the baseline study will be performed to test how the body absorbs and stores meal fat after a meal. in the three-week dietary study, the subjects will consume only the meals provided by the investigators for three weeks before the tests, and then participate in a hospital stay. the three-week dietary study is to test the chronic effect of a high fat diet on how body absorbs and stores the fat.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. lean/insulin sensitive (n=10, bmi ≤ 24 kg/m2 and glucose infusion \> 4.0 mg/min)) 2. overweight/obese insulin resistant (n=10, bmi 26-35 and glucose infusion \< 4.0 mg/min) 3. 30-50 years of age 4. men and pre-menopausal women exclusion criteria: 1. insulin resistance is defined by insulin clamp as the rate of glucose infusion ≤ 4.0 mg/min. 2. bmi over 35 kg/m2 3. abnormal thyroid function, kidney or liver disease 4. uncontrolled hypertension, or occasional or regular smoker, use of medications or supplements that interfere with lipid, protein, or carbohydrate metabolism 5. pregnancy (urine test), breast feeding an infant, or anemia 6. alcohol intake: males \>140 g/week, females \> 70 g/week. 7. fasting plasma triglycerides \>300 mg/dl. extreme hypertriglyceridemia could be due to either elevations in very low-density lipoproteins or chylomicrons, either of which would impair our ability to resolve dietary metabolic processes. 8. need to consume acetaminophen-containing medications on a regular basis.

Keywords: stable isotopes triacylglycerol
estradiol and testosterone levels in seminal plasma of men with non-obstructive azoospermia

Conditions: Non-obstructive Azoospermia With Testicular Biopsy for Spermatozoa Extraction

Summary: estradiol and testosterone are two important hormones for the regulation of an effective spermatogenesis in human testis. the evaluation of levels of estradiol and testosterone in seminal plasma of men with non-obstructive azoospermia may be a predictive test before surgical testicular biopsy to determine the chance of a positive sperm extraction to use for icsi.

the aim of this study is to compare the levels of esttradiol and testosterone in seminal plasma of men with non-obstructive azoospermia. indeed, for these patients, none biological test allows to predict a positive sperm extraction before the surgical testis biopsy is performed. since the involvement of estradiol and testosterone in the regulation of spermatogenesis, the measurement of these hormones in seminal plasma may be a predictive tool for these men before testis biopsy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * azoospermia confirmed by two semen analysis (at minimum 74 days between the both analysis) * volume of seminal plasma \>0.6ml * testicular biopsy one month after the last semen analysis * informed consent signed by the patient exclusion criteria: * obstructive azoospermia * cryptozoospermia
covid-19 - sars-cov-2 community contamination in children and adults (dyn3cea_nosocor)

Conditions: Infection Viral

Summary: unlike other respiratory viruses such as influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) where the child is the essential reservoir and central vector of intrafamilial contamination, the child is likely to be a small player in the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sras-cov2) infection. this study aims to describe the age category of the first contact, within 14 days before the appearance of the first symptoms of the index case in order to describe the age categories of this first contaminant, globally, in the group of children and finally in the group of adults. this work is intended to provide food for discussion and to justify the distancing and containment measures imposed on children when their isolation has a deleterious impact that has now been established for some children.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. children after hospitalized in hospices civils de lyon with polymerase chain reaction (pcr) positive sars-cov2, 2. adults hospitalized in hospices civils de lyon and included in the noso-cor study with matching criteria described below. * matching will be performed on family age characteristics and on the period of contamination included in the containment period to minimize bias, and if possible frequency matching according to admission in intensive care unit icu/pediatric intensive care unit (picu), and to family structure (n of children / n of adults in the family). exclusion criteria: 1. any patient suspected of nosocomial infection. 2. any patient death during the covid-19 infection. 3. any adult patient without children living home. 4. opposition to participate.
the effect of dual-site repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on freezing of gait in pd

Conditions: Parkinson Disease

Summary: this study is a double-blinded randomized study examining the effectiveness of the dual-site repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on freezing of gait (fog) in patients with parkinson's disease. the investigators hypothesize that treatment using magnetic stimulation on double site (including m1-ll and sma) will improve fog and gait symptoms in patients with parkinson's disease.

patients in the experimental group underwent ten sessions of double-site high frequency rtms over the bilateral primary motor cortex of the lower leg and supplementary motor area, whereas patients in the active comparator group underwent ten sessions of single-site active magnetic stimulation with high frequency rtms over the bilateral primary motor cortex of the lower leg. in addition, patients in the sham comparator group underwent 10 sessions of double sham rtms on motor cortex. assessments of fog, gait function, motor symptoms, excitability of cortex motor (using transcranial magnetic stimulation), plasma indicators and multimodal magnetic resonance were performed three times: at baseline, one day post intervention, one month post intervention, six month post intervention.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. idiopathic parkinson's disease (pd), as diagnosed by a neurologist. 2. item 3 of the freezing of gait questionnaire(fog-q) scored ≥1. 3. age between 40 and 80 years old. 4. mini-mental state examination score \>24. 5. ability to walk 30 meters independently. 6. stable medication. 7. patients experienced fog during an interview. exclusion criteria: 1. other neurological or psychiatric disorders. 2. severe personality disorder. history of epilepsy, seizures, or convulsions. 3. history of head injury or stroke. 4. metal remains of the skull or inside the brain (outside the oral cavity). 5. surgeries including metallic implants or known history of metal particles in the eye, pacemakers,hearing devices transplantation, or medical pumps. 6. severe dyskinesia, tremor, cognitive, visual or auditory impairment. 7. patients who could not complete the follow-up.

Keywords: freezing of gait rtms