Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
efficacy of cevimeline versus pilocarpine in the secretion of saliva

Conditions: Dry Mouth

Summary: the main objectives were: 1) to determine the efficacy of both cevimeline and pilocarpine in the secretion of saliva in patients with xerostomia, and 2) to compare the side-effects between the treatment for xerostomia with cevimeline and with pilocarpine.

pilocarpine is a cholinergic agonist with predominant muscarinic action.as such, it acts at muscarinic-cholinergic receptors found throughout the body and promotes fluid secretion. due to this, one of the main side-effects of pilocarpine is an increased amount of sweating. thus, not only are the salivary glands stimulated, but all of the body's exocrine glands' production is heightened. on the other hand, cevimeline is a drug with a high affinity for specific muscarinic receptors (m3) located on lachrymal and salivary gland epithelium. at least in theory, cevimeline will produce less side effects compared with pilocarpine because of the higher affinity for the muscarinic receptors located in the salivary glands. a limited number of human clinical trials in the efficacy of cevimeline and pilocarpine to increase the production of saliva and the side effects have been performed with no conclusive results. the main purposes of this study were to determine the efficacy of cevimeline and pilocarpine in the secretion of saliva in patients with xerostomia, and to compare the side-effects between these two medications.

Eligibility criteria:
potential candidates with the diagnosis of moderate-severe xerostomia were identified from the oral medicine clinic at the university of kentucky college of dentistry, or self referrals in response to irb approved study announcements. enrollment required no clinical evidence of oral lesions, subjective perception of dry mouth and less than 2 ml of saliva collected in 5 minutes without stimulation. exclusion criteria included patients with non controlled chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), depression, asthma, cardiac arrhythmias, glaucoma, and the current use of any medication with interactions with cevimeline and pilocarpine.

Keywords: dry mouth
treating covid-19 with a bidirectional oxygenation valve

Conditions: Coronavirus Infection

Summary: this study will utilize a single center internal control study design. the objective of this study is to determine the feasibility and safety of a bidirectional oxygenation peep generating mouthpiece when combined with oxygen by non-rebreather face mask, compared to support by oxygen non-rebreather face mask alone.

we have developed a simple and straightforward silicone rubber-made oral appliance that promotes positive expiratory airway pressures with the potential to enhance respiratory function while preventing and reversing atelectasis and hypoxia. the purpose of this study is to compare the use of our bidirectional oxygenation mouthpiece with conventional oxygen support versus conventional oxygen support of any person under investigation for infection by the covid-19 virus.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * oxygen saturation \<93% * able to provide informed consent * not currently requiring intubation * receiving oxygen by face mask exclusion criteria: * unable or unwilling to provide informed consent, cognitive impairment * rapidly decompensating status requiring urgent or emergent higher level of care
inmediate effect of the visualization of action

Conditions: Neck Pain; Chronic Pain; Musculoskeletal Pain

Summary: the observation of actions and motor imagery has demonstrated the activation of certain mechanisms similar to those that occur during active movement, which could induce immediate changes in the amplitudes of movement and sensorimotor variables in observed and imagined movements. the main aim of the study was test the immediate effect of a protocol of observed actions and motor imagery on cervical range of motion and pain intensity in patients with non-specific chronic neck pain (nscnp). randomized double-blind clinical trial in patients with dcci at a primary health care center in the community of madrid. a random distribution of study subjects was made into two groups: a) cervical motion videos were presented at full range of motion and b) the videos presented showed a range of motion limited to 40%. in both groups, visualization tasks of actions were alternated with internal kinesthetic motor imagery, in periods of 1min in 2 consecutive series and with a total of 12 minutes of intervention. cervical range of motion was assessed with a cervical goniometer and pain intensity immediately following the intervention with an analog visual scale.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * nos-specific chronic neck pain lasting more than 3 months exclusion criteria: * systemic disease diagnosed (i.e. lupus, fibrolyalgia or rheumatoid arthritis) * background of fractures or surgery in the cervical region * congenital anomalies known * infectious processes or diagnosis of active cancer at the time of the study

Keywords: motor imaginery mental training
a study to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of topical opa-15406 ointment to treat participants with atopic dermatitis

Conditions: Atopic Dermatitis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness and safety of 2 concentrations of opa-15406 compared to vehicle in participants with atopic dermatitis (ad).

ad is a disease mainly characterized by pruritic eczema, and those with the disease experience repeated exacerbations and remissions. therapeutic guidelines for the disease, currently being developed in many countries, all recognize ad as chronic eczema that is accompanied by the physiological dysfunction of the skin and in which inflammation is caused by various nonspecific stimuli or specific allergens. opa 15406 is a type-4 phosphodiesterase (pde4) inhibitor. pde4 inhibitors are thought to be useful for allergic inflammatory diseases. this is a phase 2 dose ranging study to evaluate the efficacy of two concentrations of opa 15406 ointment compared to vehicle, when administered topically twice daily in participants with mild to moderate ad.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants 10-70 years of age * diagnosis of ad * history of ad for at least 3 years * ad affecting greater than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 40% of total body surface area (bsa) at baseline * investigator's global assessment of disease severity score of 2 (mild) or 3 (moderate) in the selected treatment area(s) exclusion criteria: * contact or atopic dermatitis flare within 28 days of the baseline (day 1) visit. * concurrent diseases/conditions and history of other diseases/conditions in the selected treatment area(s) that may have an impact on the study assessments.

Keywords: atopic dermatitis, eczema
methadone and ketamine for neuropathic pain treatment

Conditions: Neuropathic Pain

Summary: methadone and ketamine are effective for neuropathic pain management. however, the benefits of the association of both drugs are uncertain. here, the investigators conducted a randomized, double-blind, in parallel, active controlled clinical trial to test the hypothesis that methadone combined ketamine (methadone/ketamine) is more effective than methadone or ketamine alone in reducing neuropathic pain.

either oral methadone or ketamine have been used in neuropathic pain management, however, the benefits of the association of both drugs are uncertain. here, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, in parallel, active controlled clinical trial to test the hypothesis that methadone combined ketamine (methadone/ketamine) is more effective than methadone or ketamine alone in reducing neuropathic pain. methods: fourthly two patients with neuropathic pain refractory to conventional therapy were randomly assigned to receive during three months oral methadone (n= 13), ketamine (n=13) or methadone combined with ketamine (n=13). the primary outcome was pain score on visual analogical scale (vas) assessed on baseline, 8, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days throughout the treatment, and the secondary outcomes were symptoms of neuropathic pain such as allodynia, burning or shooting pain as well the side effects.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients complaining of pain for more than 6 months with neuropathic pain poorly responsive to drugs used to treat neuropathic pain (i.e. opioid, non-opioid, anticonvulsants, antidepressants), who were 22 to 77 years old exclusion criteria: * patients with a history of severe psychiatric disorder, * misuse of illegal drugs or * hepatic disease

Keywords: neuropathic pain methadone ketamine multimodal analgesia
risk factors for fall and fracture

Conditions: Fall Injury; Hip Fractures; Risk Reduction; Osteoporosis, Osteopenia; Frailty

Summary: this project aims to improve the global outcome for an aging individual after a traumatic fall, through identifying conditions contributing to a fall and promoting recovery and rehabilitation. through better understanding 'falling phenotype', the ultimate aim is to prevent future complications, as well as new falls and fractures in the growing older population.

background: the knowledge of risk factors for falls and fractures amongst older individuals are enormous, still identification of fallers and prevention of falls is not part of swedish standard of care. some risk factors are more or less overlooked, such as alcohol consumption, orthostatic reactions, as are increased risks related to common medications such as certain antidepressants, opioids and sedatives. although functional activity and frailty scores have been suggested to be potential predictors of adverse events, length of hospital stay and mortality, the use of standardized questionnaires has not been implemented in routine care in sweden. furthermore, outcomes after fragility fractures, a well known consequence of falls among older individuals, are continuously poor, although palpable improvements have been reached regarding surgical treatment. are there other factors that are equally or more decisive for the global outcome from the patient's point of view? material \& methods: in this prospective observational cohort study, all in-patients treated due to a fall-related trauma (fracture, dislocation or contusion) at the department of orthopaedics, skane university hospital malmö, aged 65 years or older will be invited to participate during a 1-year study period. in all participants, a standard package of blood samples, temperature, measurement of orthostatic blood pressure and grip strength, grading of frailty and activity will be routinely obtained.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 65 years or older at the time of admission. * admitted to orthopaedic ward at due to fall, with or without a fracture. exclusion criteria: * younger than 65 years old at the time of admission. * severe head trauma or other severe non-orthopaedic trauma. * other condition requiring ward at other department (ccu, icu). * moribund individuals with palliative care only.

Keywords: falls fracture frailty orthogeriatric
clinical trial on the safety and efficacy of magnesium doped calcium silicate 3d alveolar bone repair unit for periodontal bone defects

Conditions: Alveolar Bone Loss

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to test in height increment of alveolar bone and safety evaluation index. the main question it aims to answer are: • the safety and effectiveness of magnesium calcium silicate three-dimensional alveolar bone repair unit in the repair of periodontal bone defects participants will be treated through guided bone regeneration operation with calcium magnesium silicate three-dimensional alveolar bone repair unit.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18-65 years old, healthy; * good oral hygiene, do not smoke; * there is bone defect at the tooth extraction site, and it is planned to carry out implant repair after tooth extraction; * there is at least one healthy adjacent tooth in the mesial and distal surface of the tooth extraction site; * the residual height from the bottom of the extraction socket to the crest of the alveolar ridge is ≥ 3 mm, with at least one bone wall; * can understand the purpose of the trial * be willing to cooperate with surgical treatment and follow-up, voluntarily participate in the trial * sign the informed consent form. exclusion criteria: * the affected tooth is in the acute inflammatory stage; * those who have bad habits such as smoking and drinking； * subjects who cause artifacts in oral imaging examination, such as the extraction site and its adjacent teeth are metal dentures, porcelain teeth; * patients are allergic to ceramic implants; * those who have participated in other clinical trials in the past 3 months; * the investigator estimated that the compliance was poor, or there were other factors that were not suitable for the test; * patients with a history of diabetes or abnormal blood glucose detection (fasting blood glucose ≥ 7mmol/l); * abnormal liver and kidney function (ast, alt, creatinine ≥ 1.5 times uln); * patients with serious endocrine and metabolic diseases; * have a history of tertiary hypertension; * have a history of osteoporosis; * those who are not suitable for surgery due to the history of malignant tumor or other serious diseases; * people with a history of autoimmune diseases; * pregnant or lactating women; * mental disorders without autonomous behavior ability; * patients who are using steroids that interfere with calcium metabolism within 3 months before the signing of informed consent
hypolipidemic effect of adansonia digitata

Conditions: Hyperlipidemias

Summary: adansonia digitata l. (ad) also known as baobab is a huge tree that grows in many countries in sub-saharan africa. many studies talking about ad biological activity including hypolipidemic, antioxidant and antimicrobials in animal's but not in human, this study will be undertaken to examine the effect of ad juice consumption against lipid profiles in traditional users and blood samples will be collected form participant's for investigated of lipid profiles pre and post ad juice drinking and the results will be compared.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * tradition users (drink ad juice) exclusion criteria: * diabetes, hypertension, or chronic illness
regional observation of the metabolic syndrome

Conditions: Metabolic Syndrome

Summary: the aim of the study, is to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in italy on a regional basis, defined according to national cholesterol education program/adult treatment panel iii (ncep/atpiii) guidelines criteria.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * signed informed consent * laboratory analysis (lipidic profile and glycemia) performed in the last year exclusion criteria: * subjects with serious or unstable medical or psychological conditions that, in the opinion of the investigator, would compromise the subject's successful participation in the study * pregnancy or breast feeding * patients enrolled in clinical studies which the aim is to evaluate the efficacy and/or tolerability of anti-hypertensive and/or lipid lowering drugs

Keywords: metabolic syndrome lipids waist circumference hdl hypertension
brief behavioral insomnia treatment study

Conditions: Insomnia Disorder

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether a brief, behavioral treatment for insomnia is effective in addressing social and occupational functioning and overall health among veterans with insomnia disorder.

this study is a randomized, controlled trial of a telephone-based, brief insomnia treatment in primary care in order to accomplish the goal of improving psychosocial functioning in veterans who meet criteria for insomnia disorder. the primary outcome for the trial will be psychosocial functioning, with insomnia severity serving as the secondary outcome. additional goals include evaluating durability of treatment gains and obtaining feedback from participants about the utility and feasibility of the proposed insomnia treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * veterans between the ages of 18-75 years. * meet dsm-5 criteria for insomnia disorder. * able attend in-person appointments at the san francisco va medical center * the investigators will not exclude individuals who are taking insomnia or antidepressant medications, provided they have been stable on these medications for at least one month and still meet criteria for insomnia disorder as described above. * specifically, individuals receiving benzodiazepine or benzodiazepine receptor agonists, anticonvulsants, atypical antipsychotic medication, or non-ssri antidepressant medications such as trazodone will not be excluded provided they meet the criteria described above. * the investigators will not exclude veterans receiving any type of psychotherapy, provided they have received this treatment for at least three months and do not plan to discontinue this treatment during the bbti trial. * however, individual who need to start a new type of psychotherapy during the course of the treatment will be excluded, or they will need to wait three months in order to enroll in the trial. * the investigators will not exclude individuals with tbi. * the investigators will not exclude individuals with chronic pain. * the investigators will not exclude individuals based on any other mental health condition, including posttraumatic stress disorder and depression. exclusion criteria: * conditions that may be associated with comorbid insomnia, including a lifetime history of any psychiatric disorder with psychotic features or bipolar disorder, and alcohol or drug dependence within the past year. * individuals who meet criteria for alcohol or drug abuse will be asked to reduce alcohol to recommended limits during the course of the study and/or refrain from drug use in order to be included. * veterans with suicidal or homicidal ideation. * veterans who are pregnant, due to the biological impact of pregnancy on sleep. * veterans who work night or rotating shifts. * veterans with untreated moderate to severe sleep apnea (those receiving treatment will not be excluded from the study).

Keywords: veteran insomnia primary healthcare
prevention of stroke by left atrial appendage closure in atrial fibrillation patients after intracerebral hemorrhage

Conditions: Atrial Fibrillation; Stroke; Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Summary: intracerebral hemorrhage (ich) in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (nvaf) poses a particular dilemma for thromboprophylaxis. left atrial appendage occlusion (laao) is a non-pharmacological approach to prevent cardiac embolism in nvaf. the risk-benefit ratio of laao in patients with nvaf after ich is unknown. the aim of strokeclose is to assess the effect of laao to reduce the incidence stroke, bleeding and cardiovascular mortality in patients with nvaf and prior ich.

methods/design: a multicenter prospective randomized open-label clinical trial with blinded outcome evaluation (probe design) and blinded safety outcome assessment. the active comparison laao is tested against medical therapy in a 2:1 stratified randomization. study population: patients should have had an ich within 12 months prior to enrollment and have nvaf with increased risk of stroke or systemic embolism, as indicated by a cha2ds2vasc score \>2. in total 750 patients will be included. active enrollment ensues over 3 years followed by 5 years follow-up and a long-term follow-up at 10 years. intervention and control: the intervention group will be treated by laao, using the amplatzer amulet device. implantation requires a catheterization procedure using venous access and transseptal puncture and is guided by angiography, fluoroscopy and transesophageal echocardiography (tee) or intracardiac echocardiography (ice). recommended post-implant antithrombotic therapy includes aspirin (asa) therapy for at least 6 months, with or without clopidogrel for the first 45 days after implantation. the control group will receive medical therapy, delivered according to national standards and guidelines at the treating physicians' discretion. this may include oral anticoagulation (oac) (vitamin-k antagonists, vka), non-vka oac, antiplatelet therapy or no antithrombotic therapy at all. main study outcomes: the primary outcome is the composite endpoint of stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic), systemic embolism, life-threatening or major bleeding and all-cause mortality, assessed over at least two years. secondary outcome examines various early and late safety outcome parameters.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a diagnosis of paroxysmal, persistent or long-standing nvaf with cha2ds2vasc score \>2. * clinical and ct/mri evidence of ich within 12 months but not less than 4 weeks prior to enrollment. * age \> 18 years. * signed informed consent. exclusion criteria: * ich secondary to vascular malformation or tumors * estimated life expectancy of less than 1 year at eligibility assessment * mrs \> 3 at enrollment * prior surgical laa excision * planned combined interventional procedures at the time of enrollment

Keywords: stroke intracerebral hemorrhage left atrial appendage occlusion atrial fibrillation oral anticoagulation preventive therapy
the optimal strategy of switching from clopidogrel to ticagrelor in patients with complexity of coronary artery disease

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease; Ticagrelor

Summary: the study is to further exploring the optimal switching strategy by evaluating the pharmacodynamic responses as well as adverse events in patients with complexity of coronary artery disease managed by percutaneous coronary intervention (pci). all participants will be divided into three groups and recieving ticagrelor 90mg plus aspirin 100mg at 12 hours after the last dose of clopidogrel; recieving ticagrelor 90mg plus aspirin 100mg at 24 hours after the last dose of clopidogrel; recieving ticagrelor 180mg plus aspirin 100mg at 24 hours after the last dose of clopidogrel.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age between 18-75 2. patients with complexity of cad determined by coronary angiography and implanted stent successfully 3. taking clopidogrel 75mg daily over 5 days or paients never took clopidogrel previously should receive 300-600mg drugs at least 12 hours before coronary angiography 4. agreeing to participate in this trial and signed the written informed consent. exclusion criteria: 1. they contraindicated with ticagrelor (including: allergying to ticagrelor or its active metabolite 2. concomitanting therapy with a strong cytochrome p-450 3a inhibitor or inducer 3. previous intracranial haemorrhage or ongoing bleeds 4. moderate or severe hepatic impairment) 5. having a previous medication with ticagrelor or long term anticoagulation 6. having a history of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and recurrent attacked 7. having an uncontrolled hypertension\>180/110mmhg 8. having a hemoglobin\<100g/l 9.having a platelet counts\<100×10\^9/l 9. having severe renal impairment (clearance\<30ml/min) 10. having a history of hepaein-induced thrombocytopenia (hit) 11. having a pregnancy or were during lactation.

Keywords: ticagrelor clopidogrel switching strategy