Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
preventing hiv/aids in drug abusing youth

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: this project involves two studies focusing on the engagement and treatment of adolescents diagnosed with substance use disorders. study 1 will evaluate a promising parent-based engagement intervention, community reinforcement training, designed to facilitate the entry of resistant drug-abusing adolescents in treatment. the approach will be compared with an engagement as usual intervention condition. study 2 involves a controlled clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of an hiv/aids prevention intervention embedded in family-based drug abuse treatment for reducing hiv/aids risk behaviors and substance use. adolescents who are successfully engaged in treatment through study 1 will be randomly assigned to receive either family therapy alone or family therapy with the integrated hiv/aids prevention intervention. both studies are being conducted in portland, oregon.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * parents have an adolescent in the ages of 15-20 years. * have had contact with the adolescent on at least 40% of the past 90 days. * have some knowledge or evidence that the adolescent would meet dsm-iv diagnostic criteria for a substance abuse disorder. * adolescent has explicitly refused to attend any intake or therapy sessions. * all parents' efforts to enter adolescent into treatment have failed, despite therapist's assistance. * residence in portland vicinity. * sufficient residential stability to permit probable contact at follow-up. (e.g. not homeless at time of intake) exclusion criteria: * evidence of psychotic or organic state of sufficient severity to interfere with understanding of study instruments and procedures. * adolescent has received residential drug treatment longer than a 2-week period in the past 90 days.

Keywords: substance abuse hiv risk behavior and mental disorders hiv seronegativity
multicenter, prospective observational study for early diagnosis, and development of follow-up protocol and hearing rehabilitation program for ototoxic hearing loss after chemotherapy for pediatric solid cancer

Conditions: Solid Tumor, Childhood

Summary: more than half of all pediatric cancer in korea are solid cancer. for the treatment of solid cancer, multidisciplinary methods such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are applied, and with the development of the treatment method, the treatment performance has improved dramatically, and the 5-year survival rate of more than 80% is currently recorded. due to the improvement in survival rate, interest in side effects caused by cancer treatment itself is gradually increasing, and efforts to reduce them are increasing. accordingly, it aims to contribute to improving the quality of life of pediatric solid cancer survivors. by developing a korean-type early diagnosis and follow-up protocol of ototoxic hearing loss, which commonly occurs in pediatric solid cancer who have undergone chemotherapy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: ① solid cancer patients under the age of 19 receiving platinum chemotherapy ② solid cancer patients under the age of 19 receiving 30 gy or more head and neck radiation therapy exclusion criteria: ① those who have received chemotherapy or radiation in the past * those who have difficulty understanding the clinical trial due to mental retardation or unable to read the consent form, such as illiteracy or foreigners ③ those who have difficulty in hearing test due to neurological factors, etc. ④ other cases judged to be inappropriate for this study by the judgment of the person in charge of the clinical trial

Keywords: pediatric solid tumor, chemotherapy, hearing loss
concentration monitoring of anti-infective drugs in human cerebrospinal fluid and its clinical application

Conditions: Intracranial Infection; Central Infection

Summary: at least 50 patients with intracranial infection receiving anti-infective drugs such as vancomycin, meropenem, linezolid, cefoperazone sulbactam, ceftazidime and avibactam were included in each group for pharmacokinetic study, and the outcomes and adverse events of intracranial infection treatment were observed.

this study intends to establish a high performance liquid phase method to determine the concentration of anti-infective drugs such as vancomycin, meropenem, linezolid, cefoperazone sulbactam, ceftazidime abvibactam and other anti-infective drugs in cerebrospinal fluid, determine the concentration of cerebrospinal fluid in patients with central infection, and simultaneously determine the concentration of blood drugs at the same time point, optimize the clinical treatment plan by combining the concentration of cerebrospinal fluid and blood drugs, and explore the optimal concentration range of cerebrospinal fluid. at the same time, it can improve the cure rate of central infection, shorten the course of treatment and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age ≥18 years old; 2. clinically diagnosed as central infection (cerebrospinal fluid culture is positive with clinical infection symptoms) or suspected as central infection (abnormal cerebrospinal fluid examination, such as hypoglycemia, \&lt; 50%; high protein, \&gt; 50 mg/dl; the number of cells increased with clinical infection symptoms, but no cerebrospinal fluid culture was positive) 3. receiving anti-infection treatment such as vancomycin or meropenem or linezolid or cefoperazone sulbactam; 4. sign the informed consent form. exclusion criteria: 1. there is no cerebrospinal fluid to determine the concentration; 2. allergic to drugs; 3. other factors that researchers think are not suitable for inclusion.

Keywords: intracranial infection cerebrospinal fluid concentration anti-infective drugs
risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament (acl) injury

Conditions: Knee Injuries; Athletic Injuries

Summary: the anterior cruciate ligament (acl) is located inside the knee joint and provides stability to the knee. acl injuries occur more frequently in women than men; the reason for this is unknown. the purpose of this study is to determine gender-specific anatomical, hormonal, and demographic risk factors for acl injury. this observational cohort study will only enroll incoming cadets at the u.s. naval, air force, or military academies. study hypothesis: human movement factors, including key kinetics and kinematics of the knee during a jump-landing task, are associated with the rate of acl injury.

the acl stabilizes the knee joint by preventing the shinbone (tibia) from sliding forward beneath the thighbone (femur). a hard twist or excessive pressure on the acl can tear or rupture the ligament, resulting in high levels of short-term disability and extensive rehabilitation. previous data indicate that women who participate in sports or who are otherwise physically active have higher rates of acl injury than men; the reason for this is unknown. there are four groups of potential risk factors for acl injury: environmental, anatomical, hormonal, and biomechanical or neuromuscular. in particular, poor technique when landing from a jump (also known as jump-landing) is proposed as a specific neuromuscular risk factor of interest in this study. this study will determine gender-specific anatomical, hormonal, and demographic risk factors for acl injury, as well as quantify gender-specific differences in jump-landing technique and other neuromuscular risk factors. this observational cohort study will enroll 4,800 cadets at the three large u.s. military academies; approximately 50% of those enrolled will be women. only incoming cadets at the u.s. naval, air force, or military academies will be able to participate. each study participant will undergo a baseline assessment that will include measurement of neuromuscular risk factors using motion analysis, strength testing, and standardized assessment of poor jump-landing technique using the landing error score system (less). all participants will be followed for up to 4 years. acl injuries will be prospectively identified; an injury questionnaire is administered to participants who sustain an acl injury while they are cadets. otherwise, there is no further contact.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * incoming cadet at the u.s. naval, air force, or military academies

Keywords: biomechanics neuromuscular lower limb injury acl anterior cruciate ligament injury
multivariate approach to the numerical assessment of cortical - autonomic - vascular dynamic interplay

Conditions: Cardiac Disease; Depression

Summary: mancava sets out fundamental methodologies for characterizing human fundamental physiological system interactions at a whole-body level, particularly focusing on the interplay among cortical brain activity, autonomic function, and cerebrovascular autoregulatory mechanisms. by investigating the complex, time-varying mechanisms underlying the multisystem dynamic interactions, novel methods linking various brain areas and reflex functions to target organs and districts such as heart and circulatory system are proposed with the clinical aim linked to the emerging topic of depression. in this scenario, proper new mathematical tools will allow a significant leap from the current state of the art, paving the way towards a new understanding of leading comorbid contributors to global diseases such as cardiac and cerebrovascular morbidity in mood disorders. in turn, this will provide an integration among physiological and psychological dimensions for a more holistic view on depression. researchers, professionals, and patients will all benefit from a comprehensive assessment of brain-mind-body interplay, leading to the new extended definition of default mode/mood network, neurovascular-evoked responses to autonomic stimuli, brain-autonomic consequences of emotional responses, and physiological substrates of depressive states.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age older than 18 years * spontaneous sinus rhythm * signed informed consent * indication to heart surgery exclusion criteria: * age lower than 18 years * absence of sinus rhythm * pregnancy * impossibility of informed consent
a study to evaluate the effectiveness of imiquimod 5% cream for basal cell carcinoma recurrence

Conditions: Basal Cell Carcinoma

Summary: the primary objective of this study is to assess whether basal cell carcinoma (bcc) lesions surgically treated with curettage, followed by imiquimod 5% cream as postsurgical adjuvant therapy, will have an improved cure rate over the ed/c historical norm of approximately 70% at 1-year posttreatment follow-up. a secondary objective is to assess cosmetic outcome.

this was an open-label, phase iiib, multicenter, single arm, historical-controlled study. biopsy-confirmed bcc lesions (1 per subject) were excised by curettage, with no electrodessication. approximately 1 week later, treatment with imiquimod 5% cream was initiated. imiquimod was applied to the target bcc once daily, 5 times per week (5x/week) for up to 6 weeks. rest periods were allowed as needed. subjects reported to the study center at treatment weeks 1, 2, and 6, and posttreatment at weeks 12, 26, and 52. at treatment week 6 and all posttreatment visits, the investigator clinically assessed the target site for tumor clearance and cosmetic outcome. a template made at initiation and created from clear plastic overlay aided in locating the target tumor site. if the investigator identified a lesion that had occurred or recurred at the target site, the subject was discontinued from the study and counted as a recurrence/persistence (r/p).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * basal cell carcinoma exclusion criteria: * psoriasis

Keywords: bcc curettage
prevalence of carriers of genetic diseases in the mexican jewish community

Conditions: Genetic Predisposition; Carrier, Gestational

Summary: the jewish population is at an increased risk for genetic diseases, especially autosomal recessive, thus, screening should be done to determine carrier status of several genetic diseases. in the mexican jewish community, which is a very diverse community (regarding geographical origins), data of carrier status is unknown. the study aims to determine carrier prevalence for over 300 diseases using commercially available panels.

background: preconceptional screening of genetic diseases is currently a underused and very useful tool, especially in populations that are at risk to be carriers of genetic diseases, such as the jewish people, with carrier rates as high as 1:4 for any autosomal recessive disease. the mexican jewish community is one of these populations at-risk, and there is no modern genetic research of the carrier rates in this community. goals: this research project in the mexican jewish community aims to determine the prevalence of carriers in the community in order to properly generate in the future, a systematic carrier screening in the community. research plan: the investigators propose a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study, in which a representative sample of the mexican jewish community (which composes of ashkenazi, sephardic and middle-eastern jews) of 250 patients, in which we´ll collect a saliva sample with a collection kit. furthermore, the sample will be sent to a private commercial laboratory to perform the comprehensive carrier screening to analyze the 301 genes included in the test plus the 13 add-on genes. analysis: other demographic variables will be collected from the patients at the time of the sample collection to identify possible risk factors (geographical origin, number of jewish grandparents, history of genetic diseases, et. al) and a correlation analysis will be performed to verify the strength of those risk factors on the carrier status of the patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * jewish origin in at least 1 grandparent * members of one of the jewish sub-communities in mexico city exclusion criteria: * pregnant women

Keywords: carrier screening jewish
vienna challenge chamber study using rv658 in subjects with allergic rhinitis

Conditions: Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis

Summary: rv568 is being developed for the treatment of diseases such as asthma, copd and allergic rhinitis (e.g. hayfever). the main aim of this study is to investigate whether rv568 ameliorates the nasal symptoms to low doses of grass pollen in healthy subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject is healthy * history of seasonal allergic rhinitis * male aged between 18 and 55 years * body weight \>/= 50 kg with bmi in range 19 - 29 kg/m2 (inclusive) * exhibits a moderate response to 4 hour exposure to grass pollen in the challenge chamber with a total nasal symptom score (tnss) of \>/= 6 * positive skin prick test (wheal \>/= 4 mm) for grass pollen * positive total ige result (rast class \>/= 2) for grass pollen * current non-smoker who has not used tobacco in the past 6 months with a pack history of \</= 10 pack years * baseline fev1 \>/= 80% and fev1/fvc \>/= 70% of predicted values * no conditions or factors that may preclude subjects ability to remain in the challenge chamber for a period of 6 hours * capable of giving informed consent and is compliant with protocol requirements * available to complete all study measurements exclusion criteria: * structural nasal abnormalities or nasal polyps, history of frequent nosebleeds, recent nasal surgery or recent (within 3 weeks) or ongoing upper respiratory tract infection * history of drug allergy * participation in another clinical trial or has participated in a study using an nce within the previous 3 months, or any clinical study within 1 month * taking regular (or a course of) medication whether prescribed or not, including steroids, vitamins, macrolides, anti-fungal agents and herbal remedies. paracetamol (\</= 2g / day) and occasional short acting beta agonists are permitted * use of oral, injectable or dermal steroids within 5 weeks or intranasal and/or inhaled steroids within 1 week of the screening visit * past or present disease, which as judged by the investigator, may affect the outcome of the study * regular consumption of \> 21 units alcohol per week * infected with hepatitis b, hepatitis c, or hiv virus * current or chronic history of liver disease, or known hepatic or biliary abnormalities * positive test for drugs of abuse or alcohol at screening * previously known allergy to any of the active or inactive ingredients in the study medication * mentally or legally incapacitated * any other reason that the investigator considers makes the subject unsuitable to participate
the ultra study: cross-comparison of ultrasound systems

Conditions: Healthy

Summary: the purpose of this study is to develop computational methods for cross-comparison of muscle composition measurements in three laboratory ultrasound systems.

the purpose of this study is to develop computational methods for cross-comparison of muscle composition measurements in three laboratory ultrasound systems. we propose a cross-sectional study to obtain ultrasound images of selected muscles in veteran participants. these data will be used to develop conversion models for each system. evaluation of neuromuscular symptoms such as muscle weakness and fatigue is crucial to improving quality of life among veterans. these symptoms may be related to progressive changes in muscle tissue composition, including increased intramuscular fat and atrophy. quantitative musculoskeletal ultrasound is a diagnostic imaging application used to characterize muscle tissue composition. despite its non-invasiveness and relative low cost, quantitative musculoskeletal ultrasound has not been widely adopted by the medical community due in part to technical barriers that impede generalization of measurements across ultrasound systems. unfortunately, few techniques have been proposed to reliably compare system measurements. development of new cross-comparison methods could expand quantitative musculoskeletal ultrasound applications and improve neuromuscular symptoms diagnosis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female veteran who receives medical care at the washington dc va medical center * ages 20-85 exclusion criteria: * limb amputation (upper or lower extremity) * lower extremity joint replacement * severe cognitive impairment * edema * inability to read, speak, or understand english

Keywords: ultrasound muscle
colectomy for cancer in the elderly by laparoscopy or laparotomy

Conditions: Colonic Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare the postoperative global morbidity between patients who have been operated on for a colon cancer by laparotomy and those operated on by laparoscopy

the present study is a national, multicenter, open-label randomized, 2-arm superiority trial. patients aged 75 years or older with uncomplicated colonic cancer or precancerous colonic lesion non-endoscopically resectable, will be randomized to either colectomy by laparoscopy or laparotomy. all patients that might be included will have a comprehensive geriatric assessment performed within the 30 days before randomization with the following scores: mms (mini mental score), adl scale (activities of daily living), iadl scale (instrumental activities of daily living), gds (geriatric depression scale) and tgug test ("timed get-up-and-go" test).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age ≥ 75 years 2. histologically proven colonic adenocarcinoma (\> 15 cm from the anal margin) or precancerous colonic lesion non endoscopically resectable 3. uncomplicated colonic tumor (no preoperative suspicion of invasion of adjacent structures as assessed by ct-scan (ct4), no tumoral perforation, or tumoral obstruction, or abscess, or hemorrhage) 4. no previous colonic cancer within the 5 last years 5. no peritoneal carcinosis on ct-scan 6. patient able to fill in an auto-questionnaire alone or with some help 7. mms (mini mental score) ≥ 15 8. given oral consent (formal informed consent is not required by french law for accepted procedures) exclusion criteria: 1. rectal cancer (≤ 15 cm from the anal margin) 2. locally advanced (ct4) or complicated tumor requiring extended resection or emergency surgery 3. synchronous colonic cancer 4. - scheduled need for synchronous intra-abdominal surgery, including surgery for liver metastases 5. absolute contraindications to general anesthesia or prolonged pneumoperitoneum 6. patient not able to tolerate colon surgery according to the global comprehensive geriatric assessment 7. estimated life expectancy less than 6 months 8. patient under guardianship 9. other known active cancer (except nonmelanomatous skin cancer) 10. patient not affiliated to the social security system 11. previous colonic resection

Keywords: colorectal surgery geriatrics digestive oncology colon cancer elderly patients laparoscopy laparotomy morbidity
role of phosphatidylethanol in predicting perioperative outcomes of admitted patients at uhcmc

Conditions: Postoperative Complications; Alcohol Use Disorder

Summary: this study aims to see if there's a link between a substance called phosphatidylethanol (peth) and how patients who have surgery at university hospitals do after surgery. peth levels reflect the amount of alcohol use by someone over the past few weeks. this study is checking peth levels on all patients who are planned to stay in the hospital for three or more days after surgery regardless if they drink alcohol. specifically, it will look at if peth levels are connected to problems that might come up during and after surgery, like confusion, lung or heart issues, needing blood transfusions, infections, unexpected intensive care unit (icu) stays, and longer hospital stays. while there are reports of moderate alcohol consumption being good for the heart, there are other data that alcohol consumption can be harmful. since there's not much information on how drinking alcohol affects health outcomes during and after surgery, especially for patients who are planned to be admitted to the hospital ward or icu after surgery, this study will hopefully see if peth levels before surgery can predict how patients do after the surgery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 1. age range: 21-79 * 2. patients undergoing elective surgery at uhcmc with planned icu admission * 3. patients undergoing elective surgery at uhcmc with expected in-hospital admission for three or more days exclusion criteria: * 1. patients undergoing same day outpatient surgeries or expected to be admitted less than three days post-operatively * 2. subjects who have received a blood transfusion within the past month before surgery * 3. pregnant subjects

Keywords: alcohol consumption surgical outcomes