Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
the effectiveness and safety of sbrt in the treatment of patients with mplc after surgery (smile)

Conditions: The Efficacy and Safety of SBRT in MPLC

Summary: to prospectively evaluate the effectiveness and safety of sbrt in the treatment of residual malignant pulmonary nodules after lung cancer, and is committed to providing new treatment options for patients with multiple primary malignant pulmonary nodules who cannot tolerate multiple operations.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: (1) age 18-75 years old; (2) ecog score 0-2 points; (3) chest ct showed at least two lung nodules (pure ground glass, partial solid or solid nodules); (4) at least one lesion has been pathologically diagnosed as lung cancer (t1n0m0-t1n1m0); (5) at least one residual pulmonary nodule has been diagnosed pathologically or multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment (mdt) discussed and considered as a primary malignant pulmonary nodule; (6) the residual lung nodules are inoperable or operable but the patient refuses to be surgically removed; (7) have self-consciousness and can sign informed consent; (8) must be able to swallow tablets. exclusion criteria: (1) there are metastatic pulmonary nodules; (2) have received chest radiotherapy in the past; (3) lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis; (4) the tumor is located in the proximal bronchial tree area. the proximal bronchial tree is defined as carina, left and right main bronchus, left and right upper lobe bronchus, middle bronchus, right middle lobe bronchus, lingual bronchus, left and right lower lobe bronchi; the proximal bronchial tree area is defined as surrounding the proximal bronchial tree in all directions the area within 2cm above; (5) pneumonectomy patients; (6) severe primary diseases such as heart, liver, kidney, hematopoietic system, etc.; (7) women during pregnancy and lactation; (8) active period of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection; (9) those with active systemic infection, pneumonia, tuberculosis, and pericarditis; (10) there is a history of psychotropic drug abuse or drug abuse;(11)insulin dependent diabetes;(12) thyroid disease

Keywords: sbrt, mplc, efficacy, safety
postoperative pain after endodontic irrigation using 1.3% versus 5.25% sodium hypochlorite

Conditions: Dental Pulp Necrosis

Summary: the aim of this prospective, randomized, clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of 1.3% sodium hypochlorite (naocl) concentration versus 5.25% naocl concentration on post-operative pain and medication intake in adult patients with pulp necrosis in mandibular molars.

the aim of this prospective, randomized, clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of 1.3% sodium hypochlorite (naocl) concentration versus 5.25% naocl concentration on post-operative pain and medication intake in adult patients with pulp necrosis in mandibular molars. medical and dental history was obtained from all participants in this trial and clinical and radiographic evaluation for teeth was recorded. participants with pulp necrosis with or without apical periodontitis were included. after access cavity preparation, participants were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: experimental group (irrigation using 1.3% naocl) or control group (irrigation using 5.25% naocl ). two-visit root canal treatment was performed with a week interval in between visits. each patient received a 7-day diary to record postoperative pain and rescue medication intake. post-operative pain was measured at the following time points: immediately , 3, 24, 48 hours and 7 days after the first visit and postobturation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age: 25-45 year old. 2. medically free. 3. non-vital mandibular teeth (first or second molar) with or without apical periodontitis 4. no sex predilection exclusion criteria: 1. pregnant females. 2. history of allergy to any medication used in the study. 3. preoperative premedication 12 hours before procedure. 4. acute abscess cases. 5. badly-decayed crown. 6. retreatment cases
effect of sugammadex for muscle motor response and awareness in intraoperative wakeup

Conditions: Spinal Curvatures

Summary: the study will be performed to evaluate motor response and awareness with using sugammadex during wakeup procedure in spine surgery. the investigator's goal is to investigate the effect of sugammadex on the state of consciousness and motor-somatosensorial evoked potentials.

between 10-25 age, american society of anesthesiologist clinical status(asa) i-ii, 60 patient which will be performed spine surgery in orthopedics clinic will be enrolled in this study. patient will be randomized into two group that include 20 patient. general anesthesia will be administered by totally intravenous anesthesia (tiva) with propofol and remifentanyl for all patients. two groups will be monitored with bis (bispectral index), tof (train-of-for) mep (motor evoked potential) and ssep (somatosensorial potential). during wakeup procedure, in group s, tiva will be stopped and 2 mg/kg of sugammadex will be given intravenously. bis, tof, mep, ssep will be measured. in group n, tiva will be stopped and 0.04 mg/kg of neostigmine will be given. also bis, tof, mep, ssep will be measured. sugammadex will be given group s and neostigmine will be given group n at the end of the operation. at postoperative sixth hour, the investigators will visit all the patients and ask standard questions about intraoperative wakeup procedure.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status i-ii patients * spine surgery * 10-25 age exclusion criteria: * asa iii and above * patient refusal * neuromuscular disease
study of lopinavir/ritonavir tablets comparing once-daily versus twice-daily administration when coadministered with nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors in antiretroviral-experienced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected subjects

Conditions: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections

Summary: the purpose of this study was to compare the safety, tolerability, and antiviral activity of once-daily (qd) and twice-daily (bid) dosing of the lopinavir/ritonavir (lpv/r) tablet formulation in combination with nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (nrtis) in antiretroviral-experienced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected subjects with detectable viral load while receiving their current antiretroviral therapy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects were human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) positive, antiretroviral-experienced adults at least 18 years of age currently receiving an antiretroviral regimen which had not changed for at least 12 weeks. * subjects had plasma hiv-1 ribonucleic acid (rna) levels \> 1,000 copies/ml at screening and were not acutely ill. * subject was currently failing his/her antiretroviral regimen with the most recent 2 consecutive prestudy plasma hiv-1 rna levels \> 400 copies/ml with the most recent being \> 1000 copies/ml, and in the investigator's opinion, should change therapy * female subjects were nonpregnant and nonlactating. exclusion criteria: * subjects were excluded if screening laboratory analyses showed hemoglobin \<= 8.0 grams per deciliter. * subjects were excluded if screening laboratory analyses showed absolute neutrophil count \<= 750 cells/microliter. * subjects were excluded if screening laboratory analyses showed platelet count \<= 50,000 per cubic millimeter. * subjects were excluded if screening laboratory analyses showed alanine aminotransferase (alt) or aspartate aminotransferase (ast) \>= 5.0 x upper limit of normal (uln).
cryoablation of brain neoplasm

Conditions: Brain Neoplasm; Brain Metastases; Glioma; Meningioma

Summary: this study will investigate the use of safety and feasibility of cryoablation in brain tumors

cryoablation is a therapeutic modality that employs extreme cold to induce cell necrosis in tumor tissue. while the application of cryoablation for the treatment of brain tumors remains under investigation, it has been extensively utilized in other organ systems with outcomes often surpassing those of conventional therapies. the primary objective of this research is to evaluate the safety and feasibility of cryoablation as a treatment option for patients diagnosed with various brain tumors, including gliomas, meningiomas, and metastatic lesions. participants enrolled in this study will first undergo standard surgical resection of the brain tumor. prior to resection, a biopsy of the tumor will be performed to obtain a histopathological diagnosis, ensuring accurate characterization of the tumor type. subsequently, the tumor will undergo cryoablation utilizing cryoprobes, with a maximum of two cycles of up to 10 minutes each. the specific number and diameter of cryoprobes used will be determined by the tumor's size, aiming to achieve optimal ablation coverage. following the removal of the cryoprobes, the tumor will be resected, and standard craniotomy closure procedures will be implemented. patients will receive standardized postoperative care tailored to their clinical needs. the follow-up period for this study will extend up to three months following the completion of treatment for the last enrolled participant, allowing for comprehensive assessment of treatment outcomes and safety profiles.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \>18 years * tumor suspected as glioma (1. astrocytoma, idh mutant 2. oligodendroglioma, idh-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted 3. glioblastoma, idh-wildtype), meningioma (who gr. 1 and gr 2), or brain metastasis based on preliminary diagnosis for which the patient will undergo surgery * supratentorial or infratentorial localization * safe trajectory/trajectories possible for ablation of at least 70% of the tumor, avoiding eloquent structures * karnofsky performance scale 70 or more * sufficient knowledge of the dutch language to understand the study documents (in the judgement of the attending physician or researcher) * written informed consent exclusion criteria: * \ 80 years * tumor diameter bigger than 10 cm * unsafe trajectory (eloquent structures could be damaged) * pregnancy * contra-indication for general anesthesia

Keywords: cryoablation cryosurgery brain neoplasm feasibility studies
study examining prep-001 in subjects with asthma

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: phase 2 study, to examine the prophylactic efficacy, safety and tolerability of prep-001 in asthmatics who have been infected with the human rhinovirus (hrv16) after receiving two doses of the study drug/placebo.

screening took place up to 90 days before quarantine, where volunteers were asked to complete an informed consent and undergo scheduled screening assessments to determine their eligibility. eligible volunteers were invited to test and record their respiratory symptoms and peak expiratory flow (pef), medications and any adverse events in diary cards from day -14 to day -5. they attended quarantine on day -4/-3, received the study drug/placebo intra nasally on day -2 and day -1 and subsequently challenged with hrv16 on day 0. randomisation to receive study drug/placebo was 1:1. volunteers remained in the quarantine unit for 8 days after inoculation. pef self-testing continued from day 9 to day 28. on day 20 (±3 days) and day 28 (±5 days), volunteers attended follow up visits where they were assessed by a study physician for well-being, on-going symptoms and adverse events.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 18 to 55 years on the day of first dosing with imp. * physician diagnosed asthma for at least 6 months prior to screening and using treatment equivalent up to and including global initiative for asthma (gina) stage 3. * in good health with no history of major medical conditions (other than asthma) that will interfere with subject safety, as defined by medical history, physical examination, and routine laboratory tests as determined by the investigator at a screening evaluation. exclusion criteria: * any ex-smoker or smoker with a history of more than 10 pack-years. * history of life-threatening asthma, diagnosis of copd as defined by the current global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (gold) 2014 guidelines. * any history or evidence of any clinically significant medical and psychiatric conditions
exposure to general anaesthesia in infancy and neurocognitive development

Conditions: Central Nervous System Complications of Anesthesia; Impaired Cognition

Summary: this prospective cohort study aims to determine if apparently healthy children with no significant co-morbidities who undergo general anaesthesia for minor surgery before 15 months of age will develop measurable deficits in neurocognitive development compared to apparently healthy children with no significant co-morbidities who do not undergo general anaesthesia or surgery.

we hypothesize that healthy children exposed to general anaesthesia for minor surgery before 15 months of age will have significantly lower neurocognitive scores at 6,18, 24 and 36 months of age compared with age, and gender matched healthy children from the gusto cohort without prior exposure to general anaesthesia or surgery. (gusto: growing up towards healthy outcomes in singapore: a prospective longitudinal study providing normative data from the local population).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * infants born \> 36 weeks gestation * no significant co-morbidities * who undergo general sevoflurane anaesthesia for minor surgery lasting \<150 minutes (including herniotomies, orchidopexies, circumcisions and pyloromyotomies) before 15 months of age exclusion criteria: * prematurity \<36 weeks gestation * birth weight less than 2400g * presence of a genetic or chromosomal disorder * disorder of the central nervous system, including any seizure disorder * major congenital cardiac defects

Keywords: general anaesthesia neurocognitive development behaviour
impact of high flow therapy on complications related to airway stenting

Conditions: Airway Obstruction; Respiratory Infection; Mucus; Plug

Summary: the application of hfnc therapy in patients with airway stent, improving both humidification and clearance of the airway secretion, could potentially reduce the risk of mucoid impaction, respiratory infections and granulation. hfnc therapy could be superior to nebulization of normal saline (usual care) in order to keep the stent cleaned, reducing, by inference, the risk of complications, as defined above.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * written informed consent * central airway obstruction, both malignant and nonmalignant, treated with airway stenting (silicone or fully covered metallic stent) exclusion criteria: * contraindication to hfnc (recent - within 3 months - nose surgery or facial trauma) * lack of written informed consent * neuropsychiatric disorders * pregnancy

Keywords: high flow nasal cannula airway stent nebulized saline
assessment of the potential for pressure ulcer formation

Conditions: Pressure Ulcer Not Visible

Summary: pressure ulcers are a significant problem in institutionalized, elderly, and critically ill patients. pressure ulcers result in significant pain, changing quality of life, and often leading to significant morbidity and prolonged hospital stays, and ultimately increased the healthcare cost. according to the international pressure ulcer prevalence survey, the prevalence of hospital acquired pressure ulcers in the united states was 13.5% in 2008 and 12.8% in 2009. this survey also indicated that the highest rate of pressure ulcers is in the long term acute care population (22%).

researchers developed a non-contact optical imaging technology call spatial frequency domain imaging which can identify the tissue regions that are at risk of developing pressure ulcers prior to development of irreversible tissue damage. the spatial frequency domain imaging can identify metabolic and biochemical differences in the tissues near bony prominences which are at risk for developing pressure ulcers.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female 18 years of age and older * diagnose with potential of pressure ulcers exclusion criteria: * no potential of pressure ulcers * has history of vascular disease in both lower extremities
removable splint versus cast in the treatment of distal radius fracture in children

Conditions: Fracture of Radius

Summary: refugees live in camps under unusual living conditions. the children in the camps may not have enough safe facilities to play. if an injury occurred in these children, the classical and adequate regime of treatment may not be available. hence, it may be valuable to find simple, cheap, and safe methods of treatment for their injuries.

fractures of the distal forearm (especially radius) are the most common fracture reported in childhood and a frequent reason for visiting the emergency unit and orthopedic clinic in hospitals. because of the age of patients and proximity to the joint, these fractures heal well and have a good ability to remodel the bone even with mild displacement. therefore, most of these fractures are treated conservatively by a short arm cast with frequent visits to the orthopedic clinic within 4-6 weeks without significant complications. several studies report successful treatment of these fractures by removable splint as a substitute for the cast. the splints proved to be safe and cost-effective in managing these common minor injuries in children under usual living conditions. refugees live in camps under unusual living conditions. the children in these camps may not have enough safe facilities to play. if they got an injury, the classical and adequate regime of treatment may not be available. hence, it may be valuable to find simple, cheap, and safe methods of treatment for their injuries.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age: between 2-12 years old age. * sex: both male and female. * address: living in one of the refugees' camps in the duhok government. * duration of symptoms: less than 7 days. * type of injury: fracture at the distal end of radius proofed by a radiograph film in two views (posteroanterior and lateral). * type of fracture: it may be any of the followings: * torus (buckle) fracture, * undisplaced or minimally displaced fracture distal radius physis (type 1 and 2 only) that do not need reduction. * undisplaced or minimal displaced metaphyseal fracture that does not need reduction. note: the minimally displaced fracture will be considered when the fracture fragments have a tilt of fewer than 15 degrees and shift less than 5 millimeters at the fracture site in both views. exclusion criteria: * open fractures * pathological fractures * displaced fractures that need reduction * delayed presentation beyond 7 days * associated fracture of the ulnar bone * polytraumatic cases.

Keywords: splint cast
the benefits of hemp protein supplementation during resistance training

Conditions: Sarcopenia

Summary: forty physically active men and women aged 18-45y will take part in an 8-week resistance training program, randomized (double blind) 1:1 into each of two groups. twenty participants will be randomized to receive 60 g/d of hemp powder (containing approximately 40 g protein and 9 g oil) supplementation and 20 randomized to receive 60 g/d of soy supplementation (matched to the hemp for macronutrients and calories) during eight weeks of training. each participant will complete testing before and after the intervention for assessment of body composition (lean tissue, fat, and bone mass), strength, central fatigue, markers of inflammation, and bone resorption. over the 8-weeks of training, participants will train four-five days per week for 1-1.5 hours per session with exercises targeting all major muscle groups. the training will involve a "two day split" where different muscle groups are trained on two consecutive days (day 1 involves chest, back, and arms; day 2 legs, shoulders, and abdominals). resistance training will provide the necessary stimulus for protein synthesis to optimize the effect of a protein-containing nutritional supplement. the hemp or soy powder will be consumed in two doses (i.e. 30 g powder containing 20 g protein per dose) immediately after exercise sessions and one hour after exercise. this dosing regimen is optimal for stimulating muscle protein synthesis and building muscle mass . on the one non-training day per week the two doses will be consumed with meals.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * at least 6 months experience with resistance training exclusion criteria: * allergies to hemp or soy * consumption of other nutritional supplements in previous month * answered "yes" to questions on the physical activity readiness questionnaire
mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to sepsis induced cardiac dysfunction

Conditions: Sepsis

Summary: this proposal hypothesizes that mitochondrial bioenergetics in the patient will correspond to mtdna damps levels and markers of inflammation. we predict these will serve as a prognostic indicator of sepsis induced cardiac dysfunction (sicd) outcomes. successful completion of these studies will provide a clearer understanding of the etiology of sicd development and therefore will have a high impact on biomedical research by identifying a new mechanism for understanding sepsis induced organ failure. importantly, they will also provide a means for more directed and focused therapies, based upon individual bioenergetic/mitochondrial-mediated inflammation profiles. the combined, complementary expertise of the mentor/co-primary investigators (drs. mathru and ballinger) provide an excellent combination in both basic and translational research. they also have experience conducting studies and publications that will strengthen this research project. importantly, the methods for characterizing mitochondrial bioenergetics from platelets were developed here at uab, and methods for quantitative assessment of mtdna damps have been recently developed.

sepsis induced cardiac dysfunction (sicd) occurs in \~ 50% of the patients with severe sepsis and septic shock, with significant implications for patient's survival. currently, the precise pathophysiological mechanisms leading to cardiac dysfunction are not fully understood, nor is there an effective therapy for sicd except antibiotics, source control and restoration of hemodynamics to improve organ perfusion. sicd is characterized by minimal cell death, normal coronary perfusion, preserved tissue oxygen tension and reversibility in survivors. these characteristics point toward an oxygen utilization problem due to mitochondrial dysfunction; interestingly, sepsis mouse models demonstrated an improvement in cardiac function and decreased mortality when they were treated with mitochondrial targeted therapies, consistent with a growing body of evidence that suggests dysregulated mitochondrial metabolism plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of sicd. ultrastructural and functional abnormalities of mitochondria have also been demonstrated in early sepsis, and reactive oxygen species (ros) generated from mitochondria along with calcium overload trigger mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mptp) opening which facilitates the externalization of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) fragments. these mtdna fragments, or mtdna damage associated molecular patterns (mtdna damps), activate innate immune response pathways - these pathways are well known to be significant components of intramyocardial inflammation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects 18 years old * with clinical symptoms suggestive of sepsis control group * age matched * gender matched * cardiovascular risk factor matched exclusion criteria: * n/a