Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
assessments of metabolic responses to acute oral administration of sucrose, glucose, and fructose

Conditions: Gastrointestinal Hormones; Glycemic Control; Blood Coagulation Function; Gastric Emptying

Summary: this project aims to compare the acute metabolic effects of the three sweeteners sucrose, glucose, and fructose on gi hormones (glp-1, pyy, cck, and ghrelin). furthermore, glycemic control, erythritol and xylitol concentrations, blood coagulation function , blood lipids, uric acid, high-sensitive c-reactive protein (hscrp), complete blood count, gastric emptying, appetite-related sensations, and gi symptoms will be investigated.

sugar should not be defined by origin (added sugar, free sugar, simple sugar) but rather by chemical structure (sucrose, glucose, fructose, etc.). although the disaccharide sucrose is hydrolysed by sucrase into its monosaccharides glucose and fructose, the administration of each of the three sweeteners alone results in different metabolic effects. although sucrose, glucose, and fructose are long known sweeteners in food and beverages and their metabolic effects have been extensively studied, there are still no comprehensive studies comparing the three sweeteners in a whole range of parameters. the main inconsistency in the literature is the study design which influences the outcomes. it is important to differentiate whether it is an acute or chronic study, whether the participants are adults or children, are healthy or have t2dm, have normal weight, overweight or obesity, whether the dosage is chosen to be isocaloric or isosweet, whether there is a control group or whether the sweeteners are administered orally or intragastrical.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy, non-diabetic (glycated hemoglobin (hba1c) \< 5.7%, fasting glucose \< 5.6 mmol/l), and normal weight participants with a body-mass index (bmi) of 19.0-24.9 kg/m2, parameters of complete blood count within normal range * age 18-55 years * stable body weight (± 5%) for at least three months * able to give informed consent as documented by signature exclusion criteria: * fructose intolerance * any pre-existing diet (e.g., vegetarian diet, vegan diet, sugar free diet, paleo diet, atkins diet, ketogenic diet) that deviates from normal eating habits * regular consumption (\>1/ week) of erythritol or xylitol * regular intake of medications, except contraceptives * pre-existing impairment of blood coagulation/thrombocyte function (e.g. hereditary, regular intake of anti-coagulant agents (e.g. nsaids, heparin, warfarin, etc.))chronic or clinically relevant acute infections/diseases * substance abuse (more than 1 glass wine/beer per day; regular consumption of cannabis, consumption of cocaine, heroin, etc.), regular smoking * pregnancy: although no contraindication, pregnancy might influence metabolic state. women who are pregnant or have the intention to become pregnant during the course of the study are excluded. in female participants a urine pregnancy test is carried out upon screening. * shift worker * participation in another study with investigational drug within the 30 days preceding and during the present study
effects of nitrate in vegetables on blood pressure in subjects with prehypertension

Conditions: Hypertension; Cardiovascular Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to examine the effect of different vegetables on cardiovascular function in subjects with moderately increased blood pressure. specifically we are comparing the effects of vegetables with a high natural content of inorganic nitrate with those of vegetables with a low nitrate content.

recent studies indicate that dietary-derived inorganic nitrate can affect blood pressure in humans by converting into nitric oxide bioactivity. here we will study if vegetables that naturally contain high amounts of nitrate (green leafy vegetables) can lower blood pressure and whether any effect is attributed to the nitrate anion. high nitrate vegetables are compared with vegetables low in nitrate (e.g. tomatoes, sweet pepper). after a 2 week run in period where all subjects receive vegetables low in nitrate, the participants are randomized to one of three interventions. one third of the patients receive high-nitrate vegetables + a placebo pill (kcl), one third receives low-nitrate vegetables + placebo and the third group receives low-nitrate vegetables + a nitrate pill (kno3). the nitrate content in the pill is precisely matched to the nitrate content in the high-nitrate vegetable group.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: age 50-70 years systolic blood pressure \>130 at screening visit 2 exclusion criteria: systolic blood pressure \ 159 mm hg at screening 2 systolic blood pressure \> 169 mm hg at screening 1 chronic kidney disease chronic rheumatic disease insulin treated diabetes mellitus atrial fibrillation major cardiovascular event within 6 months inflammatory bowel disease malignancy, actively treated within 6 months hepatitis polycytemia vera
safety and tolerability of ms-r001 in patients with diabetic macular edema secondary to diabetic retinopathy

Conditions: Diabetic Macular Edema; Diabetic Retinopathy

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the safety and tolerability of ms-r001 at escalating doses in patients with diabetic macular edema secondary to diabetic retinopathy


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria include but are not limited to: * diagnosed with diabetes mellitus * visual acuity of 20/40 to 20/200 in study eye exclusion criteria include but are not limited to: * any other ocular disease that could compromise vision in the study eye * intraocular surgery of the study eye within 90 days prior to study start * capsulotomy of the study eye within 30 days prior to study start
tamoxifen pharmacokinetics and cyp2d6 polymorphisms in asian women with hormone receptor positive breast cancer

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: we hypothesized that subjects with cyp2d6\*10 alleles may have a lower steady state levels of endoxifen due to reduced conversion of tamoxifen to endoxifen. primary objectives: * to determine the steady state pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen and its metabolites * to test the effects of genetic polymorphisms of cyp2d6 on plasma concentration of tamoxifen and its metabolites in hormone receptor positive women who are taking tamoxifen as adjuvant treatment for breast cancer.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * signed informed consent. * at least 18 years of age. * on tamoxifen for at least 3 months for adjuvant therapy. * on a stable diet for past 1 week before blood sampling. * compliant with tamoxifen medication. * completed adjuvant chemotherapy and/or adjuvant radiation therapy. exclusion criteria: • patients should not be on the list of medications for the last 1 week before accrual to the study

Keywords: hormone receptor positive breast cancer
a survey on the rate of glucose intolerance in hong kong chinese

Conditions: Diabetes; Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT); Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG); Glucose Intolerance

Summary: hypothesis: there is a high rate of glucose intolerance among hong kong chinese. the investigators plan to screen hong kong chinese from the community with oral glucose tolerance test (ogtt). the subjects will be referred from gp centers in the community and self-referred with public advertisement on this survey.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hong kong chinese without history of diabetes exclusion criteria: * known diabetic patients

Keywords: oral glucose tolerance test hong kong chinese
efficacy of colistin monotherapy versus colistin plus minocycline for carbapenem-resistant a. baumannii infection

Conditions: Acinetobacter Infections

Summary: acinetobacter baumannii causes severe infections (pneumonia, bacteremia, organ space) with high lethality in hospitalised critically ill patients. it can acquire resistance to all classes of antibiotics (multidrug resistance, mdr) except an 'old' drug, colistin, which may be the only therapeutic option. the addition of minocycline to colistin has been shown to be synergistic in vitro, and may be promising in vivo, but this combination has not been limited to case report or case series in comparison with colistin alone.

the purpose of this double-blind, randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled clinical trial is to assess whether the association of colistin and minocycline reduces significantly the mortality of patients with severe mdr a. baumannii infections compared with colistin alone. the trial will enroll 94 patients from internal medicine ward and intensive care units (icu) of an university care hospitals where mdr a. baumannii infection is endemic with epidemic phases. patients will be randomly allocated to either colistin plus placebo (control arm) or colistin plus minocycline (experimental arm). primary end point is overall mortality, defined as death occurring within 28 days from randomisation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical and microbiological evidence of a severe infection due to multi-drug resistant a. baumannii during hospitalization * susceptibility of the a. baumannii isolate to colistin (mic \< or =2 mg/l). exclusion criteria: * treatment with one of the study drugs prior to the diagnosis of a. baumannii infection more than 48 hours * severe liver dysfunction * history of prior hypersensitivity to the study drugs * pregnancy and lactation

Keywords: colistin minocycline carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii
efficacy and safety of budesonide inhalation suspension for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with polyposis.

Conditions: Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Polyposis

Summary: topical and systemic steroids constitute the first choice in medical treatment for nasal polyps. this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a short course of budesonide inhalation suspension via transnasal nebulization in the preoperative management of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis. the second aim was to compare budesonide inhalation suspension with budesonide aqueous nasal spray and oral prednisone in nasal polyp treatment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis was made on the basis of symptoms of rhinosinusitis (nasal obstruction, rhinorhea, loss of smell, and headache/facial pain) for at least 12 weeks, confirmed by abnormalities in all sinuses on computed tomography (ct) scan. the diagnosis of crswnp was based on the standard criteria issued in the european position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps guidelines. * bilateral nasal polyps were present and endoscopic biopsy demonstrated eosinophilic polyposis. patients were not recruited who had large polyps (total kennedy score＝6). exclusion criteria: * a previous oral corticosteroid treatment. * recent sinus surgery * asa intolerance * cystic fibrosis * pregnancy * serious or unstable concurrent disease or psychological disorder.
the effectiveness of antibacterial therapeutic clothing based on silver or chitosan as compared with non-antibacterial therapeutic clothing in patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis

Conditions: Atopic Dermatitis

Summary: since 2000 therapeutic clothing or functional textiles based on silver or chitosan as antibacterial agents were introduced as therapeutics of atopic dermatitis (ad). these agents aim to reduce skin colonization with staphylococcus (s.) aureus. s. aureus induces further dysregulation of the inflammatory process and increased colonization with s. aureus is correlated with increased ad severity. based on the theoretical mode of action and clinical experience, we assume a higher effectiveness of antimicrobial therapeutic clothing compared to control therapeutic clothing on reducing ad severity. the goal of this study is to assess the effectiveness of antibacterial clothing based on silver or chitosan on the doctor-reported ad severity in patients with moderate to severe ad. secondary goals are to retrieve information about the effect of antimicrobial clothing on clinical symptoms, quality of life, s. aureus colonization, ad medication use and the satisfaction regarding the clothing.

this is a multi-center, double-blind, randomized controlled trial. patients will be randomized in a 1:1:1 fashion to either therapeutic clothing without antimicrobial agents, antimicrobial therapeutic clothing based on chitosan or antimicrobial clothing based on silver for 12 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * atopic dermatitis diagnosed according to the criteria of williams (williams 1994) * atopic dermatitis severity according to easi at t = 0: \> 6.0. exclusion criteria: * treatment with oral antibiotics until 1 month before inclusion; * treatment with topical antibiotics until 1 week before inclusion; * treatment with systemic immunosuppressive agents or light therapy until 1 month before inclusion; * treatment with (antibacterial) therapeutic clothing until 1 month before inclusion; * impaired kidney function (anamnestic assessed) * pregnancy or pregnancy wish during study (anamnestic assessed) * hypersensitivity to silver (anamnestic assessed) * evidence of past non-compliance to treatments or appointment

Keywords: atopic dermatitis staphylococcus aureus therapeutical clothing anti-infective agents
advanced imaging tools in the study of mild traumatic brain injury

Conditions: Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Summary: we will utilize a set of imaging modalities including computed tomography (ct), positron emission tomography (pet), and a suite of magnetic resonance imaging (mri) tools, to investigate the changes in the human brain resulting from mild traumatic brain injury (mtbi).

we will recruit mtbi subjects and control subjects. each subject will undergo the set of imaging modalities, and the results will be analyzed for differences at the structural, physiological, and molecular levels. the long term goal of this research is the development of a method to diagnose mtbi based on physical markers. this is a phased project beginning with a pilot study followed by future studies with larger sample sizes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: study group: * between 18 and 55 years of age inclusive. * potential participant verbally verifies diagnosis of mtbi at pre-screen. * diagnosed with mild traumatic brain injury by a vamc physician according to standard diagnostic criteria \[12\],\[13\], to be verified by chart review. * less than 24 months from trauma resulting in mtbi. * able to read and write in english. * willingness to refrain from nicotine, and beverages containing either alcohol or caffeine for at least four hours prior to the imaging session. * have signed the consent form for the study. control group: * between 18 and 55 years of age inclusive. * potential participant verbally denies history of mtbi at pre-screen. * able to read and write in english. * willingness to refrain from nicotine, and beverages containing either alcohol or caffeine for at least four hours prior to the imaging session. * have signed the consent form for the study exclusion criteria: * conditions that would preclude the completion of a mri, pet, or ct exam such as claustrophobia, pacemaker, metal objects in body, and/or pregnancy. * serious, unstable medical or mental illness. * medical contraindication to any element of the study procedure. * have not read and signed an informed consent form, or do not understand its contents.

Keywords: mild traumatic brain injury concussion magnetic resonance imaging (mri) positron emission tomography(pet) computed tomography (ct)
intrathecal morphine and fentanyl for knee arthroplasty

Conditions: Knee Arthroplasty

Summary: this study is planned to investigate the efficacy of combined infusion of intrathecal morphine and fentanyl in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients scheduled total knee replacement under spinal anesthesia * asa i-iii exclusion criteria: * coagulopathy * heart disease * liver disease * kidney disease * infection * psychological disorder * allergy to bupivacaine * allergy to morphine * allergy to fentanyl * inability to use patient-controlled analgesic device * opioids due to chronic pain

Keywords: spinal anesthesia morphine fentanyl pain knee
usability and effectiveness of rehub in patients after total hip arthroplasty

Conditions: Hip Osteoarthritis

Summary: this is a randomized, non-blinded, parallel assignment, clinical trial for the evaluation of usability and effectiveness of rehub, a telerehabilitation system made up of a cloud platform and an exercise kit with smart sensors, for performing rehabilitation exercises after a primary total hip arthroplasty (tha). patients admitted to presidio san camillo after a tha surgery are randomly allocated to the control arm or the experimental arm with a 1:1 ratio. participants in both arms receive inpatient care and rehabilitation for 2 weeks at san camillo. at discharge, they are prescribed with the same daily plan of 5 exercises for autonomous home-based rehabilitation. the experimental arm participants use rehub to do their exercises instead of working independently and physiotherapists monitor their performance and adherence remotely. outcomes assessment is performed at san camillo admission (baseline), at san camillo discharge (2 weeks from baseline) and 3 weeks after san camillo discharge (5 weeks from baseline).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ability to understand and accept the clinical study procedure and to sign an informed consent form * good familiarity with the italian language * good predisposition to the use of technology or availability of a caregiver providing technological support to the patient * availability to move to the rehabilitation center for control visits exclusion criteria: * age \ 80 years * admission after tha revision surgery * contralateral hip osteoarthritis severely limiting patient mobility and ability to comply with a rehabilitation program * aphasia, dementia, or psychiatric comorbidity interfering with communication or adherence to the rehabilitation process * respiratory, cardiac, metabolic, or other condition limiting patient mobility and ability to comply with a rehabilitation program * major medical complications occurring after surgery that prevented the discharge of the patient within 10 days after the surgery * body mass index \>35kg/m2
epidemiology of sudden death in cameroon

Conditions: Cardiovascular Diseases

Summary: background the burden of sudden death (sd) in sub-saharan africa is unknown. the aim is to assess the incidence, etiology and patient characteristics of sd in a sub-saharan country. methods the douala-sd study is a prospective, multicenter, community-based registry monitoring all cases of sd occurring in index areas of douala city. investigators will use the definition of sd as natural death occurring within 24h at the onset of symptoms. demographic, clinical, electrocardiographic and biological variables (when available) of victims will be recorded. all deaths occurring in residents of health areas of interest will be checked for past medical history, circumstances of death, and autopsy (if possible). conclusion this maiden douala-sd study will provide comprehensive, contemporary data on the epidemiology of sd in a sub-saharan african country and will help in the development of strategies to prevent and manage sd in africa.

two health areas were excluded for inaccurate data collection, and 2 other were randomly disqualified as investigators previously decided to conduct the survey in ≤ 4 areas. the mode of randomization aimed at includes no more than 1 health area per district. finally, investigators retained 4 health areas representing 4 out of 6 districts of douala. thus, the sampling of 240,384 inhabitants will be monitored prospectively. all administrative staff and community-healthcare committee, the so-called " comité de santé" (cosa) of each health area will be a key component of the research team, helping identify every case of death in the area of concern. every case of death will be reported by the staff of cosa in a specific questionnaire form. in addition to the deaths noted by members of each cosa, investigators will pay attention with all notices of deaths in local newspapers, radio, interrogation of health area residents, and death certificates from local medical centers.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: all witnessed and unwitnessed victims of unexpected natural death - exclusion criteria: * victims living in the area of interest for a short time frame (\< 12 months) * absence of information helping to determine circumstances of death

Keywords: sudden death sudden cardiac arrest
mobile stroke unit for pre-hospital emergency care

Conditions: Stroke, Acute; Emergencies

Summary: emergency department overcrowding is a major challenge in medicine, leading to a delay in diagnosis and treatment for the patient due to long waiting times. this is very relevant for diseases like acute stroke and other emergencies. the advanced mobile stroke unit is an ambulance equipped with additional devices to diagnose and treat patients at the emergency site. patients with less severe conditions can be diagnosed and safely left at home. the objectives of this project are to investigate whether the advanced mobile stroke unit compared to a normal ambulance enables more accurate triage of patients (treatment at home vs hospital vs specialist vs a\&e). the advanced mobile stroke unit ambulance will be used in a random order of weeks and this will be compared to weeks with normal ambulances. the study will be carried out by the east of england ambulance service nhs trust in collaboration with the east suffolk and north essex nhs foundation trust in the east of england. the project is a collaboration with saarland university, germany,


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * acute emergency patients 18 years or older, who are identified via the national emergency telephone number 999 or 111with suspected severe medical emergency condition, which is categorised as: breathing problem, seizure, falls with head trauma, headache, sick person with suspected infection, stroke, unconsciousness * calls monday to friday 9am to 5 pm * written informed consent exclusion criteria: * terminally ill patients * pregnant patients * patients in cardiac arrest * patients in custody of her majesty's prison service
ultrasound guided : retrolaminar block versus thoracic epidural analgesia following laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Conditions: Analgesia

Summary: the aim of this study is to evaluate analgesic effect of ultrasound-guided retrolaminar block vs ultrasound-guided thoracic epidural analgesia in pain control following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

to study the difference between the effects of ultrasound-guided bilateral retrolaminar block and ultrasound-guided thoracic epidural analgesia on pain control following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. to relief pain and improve satisfaction in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy at zagazig university hospitals.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * written informed consent from the patient. * age: 21-45 years old. * sex: both sex (males and females). * physical status: asa 1\& ii. * bmi = (25-35 kg/m2). * type of operation: elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy exclusion criteria: * altered mental state. * patients with known history of allergy to study drugs. * advanced hepatic, renal, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases. * patients with chronic pain. * patients receiving anticoagulants. * contraindications of regional anesthesia, e.g., allergy to local anesthetics, coagulopathy, or septic focus at site of injection.

Keywords: ultrasound bilateral retrolaminar thoracic epidural post operative analgesia laparoscopic cholecystectomy