Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
registry study of assistive devices, medicines and healthcare measures in als, sma and other neurological diseases.

Conditions: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Summary: this registry study aims to collect data on the provision of assistive devices, medicines, and other healthcare measures, such as ventilation therapy and nutrition support, in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als), spinal muscular atrophy (sma) and other neurological disorders. the data collected should describe the clinical practice, meaning real-world evidence and patient-reported outcomes.

this registry study aims to collect data on the provision of assistive devices, medicines, and other healthcare measures, such as ventilation therapy and nutrition support, in patients with als, sma and other neurological disorders. the data collected should describe the clinical practice, meaning real-world evidence and patient-reported outcomes. the collected data include clinical characteristics, medical history, assessment scales, such as als functional rating scale-revised (alsfrs-r), prognosis indicators, such as als progression rate, biomarker data, such as serum neurofilament light chain (snfl), genetic data, such as the mutation status of sod1, fus, c9orf72, tardbp in als, smn1 in sma patients, innovative drugs such as tofersen, nusinersen, risdiplam, as well as symptomatic drugs, patient-reported outcome data being captured using questionnaires and established clinical scales on medication expectation and treatment satisfaction.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: diagnosis of a chronic neurological disease - exclusion criteria: lack of cooperation and unwillingness to store and share medical data collected in the registry study -

Keywords: als registry study sma registry study als medication and care registry study sma medication and care registry study nfl neurofilament light chain alsfrs-r als-app als apst research biomarker tofersen nusinersen risdiplam
evaluation of prevalence and clinical impact of atrial fibrillation in elderly patients with cryptogenic stroke and high-risk patent foramen ovale

Conditions: Cryptogenic Stroke; High Risk Patent Foramen Ovale

Summary: the purpose of defense-elderly is to identify the prevalence of af and evaluate the clinical impact of af in elderly esus patients and no other known sources of stroke besides a high-risk patent foramen ovale, and compare it with elderly esus patients without high-risk pfo (no pfo or non-high risk pfos)

the purpose of defense-elderly is to identify the prevalence of af and evaluate the clinical impact of af in elderly esus patients and no other known sources of stroke besides a high-risk patent foramen ovale, and compare it with elderly esus patients without high-risk pfo (no pfo or non-high risk pfos)

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients ≥60 y/o with esus and pfo that is likely to have causative role (high-risk anatomical feature) (cohort a) * patients ≥60 y/o with esus without pfo, or with non-high risk pfo (cohort b) * the patient or guardian agrees to the study protocol and the schedule of clinical follow-up, and provides informed, written consent, as approved by the institutional review board * patients who are scheduled to have implantable cardiac monitoring exclusion criteria: * transient ischemic attack * lacunar infarction (infarction at subcortical area with a lesion diameter less than 2cm on mr) * presence of complex aortic atheroma (≥4mm in plaque thickness or presence of mobile components) * presence of ≥50% luminal stenosis (extra- or intracranial) in arteries supplying the ischemic area * unwillingness or inability to comply with the procedures described in this protocol * life expectancy \< 1 years for any non-cardiac or cardiac causes
montelukast post-marketing comparative study with theophyline added to inhaled corticosteroid (0476-396)

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: a clinical study explores the safety and efficacy of montelukast and to compare the safety and efficacy of montelukast with those of theophylline in pediatric bronchial asthma patients when they are used in conjunction with inhaled steroids.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pediatric bronchial asthma patients aged 6 to 14 years (at the beginning of the treatment period) * the severity must be mild, moderate or severe, persistent bronchial asthma * the patient must have symptoms that can be used as efficacy variables (such as repeated coughing and mild or moderate asthma attacks) during the observation period, and must be using inhaled steroids exclusion criteria: * patient using anti-asthma treatment or therapy including corticosteroids or oral anti-allergic drugs * patient with complications that will impair the judgment of efficacy of this drug * patient with convulsive disorders such as epilepsy or such a history * patient with liver disease, renal impairment, heart disease or such other complication
evaluating the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma therapy in the treatment of androgenic alopecia

Conditions: Androgenic Alopecia

Summary: the study team will assess the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma therapy, a special blood product which is from the participant's own body, in the treatment of androgenic alopecia (also known as male pattern hair loss) in females.

androgenic alopecia, or male-pattern hair loss affects both men and women. this hair loss pattern is typically characterized by thinning at the crown of scalp and/or m-shaped hair line in males or diffuse thinning throughout in females. platelet-rich plasma (prp) therapy has recently been studied as a hair rejuvenation therapy in patients with non-inflammatory alopecia. though the mechanism of action is not well understood, prp is thought to promote angiogenesis and enhance blood flow around hair follicles via platelet-derived growth factor (pdgf), transforming growth factor (tgf), and vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf). the primary objective of the study is to determine whether prp, administered once monthly for 3 months improves clinical outcomes and quality of life in females with androgenic alopecia. this is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, half-head, single center clinical study where sixteen subjects with androgenic alopecia will be recruited. dermatology life quality index will be assessed at several time points. disease severity will be measured using the severity of alopecia tool (salt), alopecia density and extent score (alodex); trichoscan images will be captured to document participants' clinical progress. adverse events will be recorded at each visit, treatment will be discontinued if any subject experience a serious adverse event. treatment visits will take place at baseline, 4 weeks (1 month), 8 weeks (2 months), and 12 weeks (3 month). a follow-up, non-treatment visit will take place at 24 weeks (6 months). the study team hypothesizes that prp will improve dlqi, salt, alodex, hair count (number of hairs/0.65 cm2), hair density (number of hairs/cm2), hair diameter, anagen to telogen ratio, and vellus hair to terminal hair ratio in female subjects with androgenic alopecia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female ≥18 years of age at baseline visit. * documentation of androgenic alopecia diagnosis as evidenced by one or more clinical features * not currently on any treatment for alopecia, or has undergone 2-week washout period if recently on medication(s) for alopecia * written informed consent obtained from subject and ability for subject to comply with the requirements of the study exclusion criteria: * pregnant or breastfeeding * presence of a condition or abnormality that in the opinion of the investigator would compromise the safety of the patient or the quality of the data. * have an infection, metastatic disease or certain skin conditions (ie. psoriasis) which could worsen or spread with injections * diagnosed with a blood or bleeding disorder * diagnosed with anemia * currently on anticoagulant therapy

Keywords: scalp hair loss platelet-rich plasma therapy
specialist recommendation on fbc (familial breast cancer) chemoprevention prescribing

Conditions: Familial Breast Cancer

Summary: some women are more likely to get breast cancer as it runs in their family, they are at risk of familial breast cancer. there are medications, called chemoprevention, which may lower their risk of developing breast cancer by a third. however chemoprevention can also cause serious side effects, like womb cancer and blood clots. this makes decision to start them difficult. researchers found that not all women who can have these medications are on them. the investigators want to ask familial breast cancer specialists whether they recommend general practitioners (gp) to prescribe chemoprevention, by sending them a short survey. these specialists look after women where breast cancer runs in the family. the specialists assess a women's chance of getting breast cancer and advice those with increased risk what can be done to prevent breast cancer. the investigators will then look at whether specialist recommendation makes a difference to whether gps prescribe chemoprevention medication. this will be done by linking the specialists' survey response to information on gp prescribing that the government regularly publishes. this may help the investigators understand why chemoprevention is not used as often as it potentially can be.

phase i: short survey of lead clinicians of familial cancer services, descriptive analysis of recommendations by areas of the country phase ii: prescribing data analysis (using openprescribing) comprising: 1. t-test to compare the chemoprevention prescribing rate in general practices where chemoprevention is recommended versus not recommended; 2. interrupted times series analysis to assess the change in the chemoprevention prescribing after recommendation from specialist compared with changes occurring in practices where chemoprevention is not recommended and 3. panel regression across all practices, in order to distinguish the relative impacts of national versus local recommendation, and the change over time.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * lead clinicians of nhs familial cancer services across england * standard general practices (classed as type 4 by nhs digital, to exclude walk-in centres, prisons, care homes, etc.) with prescribing data for chemoprevention available on openprescribing exclusion criteria: * general practices with less than 10 female patients aged 35 to 44 registered * general practices which cannot be linked to any familial cancer service from survey responses
musculoskeletal pain in postmenopausal, early breast cancer patients receiving aromatase inhibitor therapy - a pilot study

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: in 2005, the ebcig demonstrated the efficacy of tamoxifen in improving overall survival in hormone receptor positive breast cancers. however, tamoxifen shows partial estrogen agonist activity, which is responsible for the drug's detrimental effects such as endometrial carcinoma, thromboembolism, and tamoxifen resistance. more recently, aromatase inhibitors have been shown to be superior to tamoxifen in the metastatic and adjuvant settings. the atac trial demonstrated improved disease-free survival (dfs) for 5 years of anastrozole compared to 5 years of tamoxifen 3. the big 1-98 trial results demonstrated that after a median follow-up of 25.8 months, letrozole improved dfs and distant dfs when compared to tamoxifen. based on these results, adjuvant hormonal therapy with aromatase inhibitors (ai) has become the preferred therapy for post-menopausal woman. however, ai therapy is also associated with toxicities that merit in-depth studies, one of them being an increase in musculoskeletal pain. in the atac trial, at a median follow-up of 5.7 years, arthralgia was significantly higher (35.6% vs. 29.4%) and fractures were also increased (11.0% vs. 7.7%) when anastrozole was administered for 5 years following surgery with or without chemotherapy 3. the incidence of arthralgia was also significantly higher in the ma-17 trial, with 25% of patients receiving letrozole developing arthralgia compared with 21% in the placebo group following 5 to 6 years of tamoxifen 5. traditionally in cancer clinical trials, the reporting of musculoskeletal pain has been based on the "common terminology criteria for adverse events", which covers a wide range of symptoms and does not facilitate the documentation of a pain syndrome in a specific manner. therefore, there is a need to design a study that will describe the nature of the pain associated with the administration of ai therapy using tools that have been validated for capturing a multidimensional phenomenon such as pain.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female * invasive carcinoma of the breast confirmed by needle biopsy or final pathological evaluation of the surgical specimen * breast cancer stage i, ii or iiia * er and/or pr+ * no evidence of metastatic disease * post-menopausal * may or may not have received adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy * bilateral infiltrating carcinoma are eligible exclusion criteria: * men not eligible * other malignancies * patients who have received neoadjuvant or adjuvant endocrine therapy with tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor * ongoing treatment with any sex hormonal therapy (these patients are eligible if this therapy is discontinued prior to entry) * therapy with hormonal agent such as raloxifene for osteoporosis * patients receiving glucocorticoids * psychiatric or addictive disorders * inability to read english or french

Keywords: pain characterize musculoskeletal pain breast cancer patients treated with aromatase inhibitors
a comparison of remifentanil and dexmedetomidine for craniotomy perioperative hemodynamics and postoperative pain

Conditions: Adult Intracranial Tumor; Adult Solid Tumor

Summary: this will be a randomized blinded clinical trial. patients will be randomized to receive either a remifentanil or dexmedetomidine infusion for general anesthesia. the anesthesia team will know the result of randomization at induction. data will be gathered by research personnel who will be blinded to the anesthetic method used. patients will be blinded to the anesthetic they receive till they are discharged from the pacu when they will have the option to be unblinded. the data safety and -toxicity committee will review all serious adverse events and toxicity reports as well as annual reviews.

anesthesia for craniotomy presents a unique challenge to the anesthesiologist. anesthesia for neurosurgical procedures should provide optimal surgical conditions while maintaining appropriate cerebral oxygen supply and stable systemic hemodynamics. (1) it is important to prevent patient response to noxious stimuli during the procedure like pinning, drilling of the bone, opening and manipulation of the dura etc., avoid coughing and bucking during surgery and during extubation thus necessitating a deeper level of anesthesia and analgesia. at the same time it is desirable to have the patient fully awake toward the end of the surgery in order to facilitate neurologic evaluation. management of the above presents a challenge during induction, maintenance and extubation and also during multiple critical stages of surgery fear of the side effects of analgesic drugs frequently leads to the under-treatment of post-craniotomy pain. (2) nevertheless, this pain continues to be commonly observed, is frequently severe, and, if unrelieved, may cause distress for the neurosurgical patient and serious complications for the operative brain. (2) there is a need for larger trials to delineate safety and efficacy of analgesic therapies with a focus on short- and long-term outcomes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients who undergo general anesthesia for elective surgical excision of a brain tumor with following specifications: * age: older than 18 * primary and redo cases will be included * duration of surgery not exceeding 6 hrs. exclusion criteria: * patient refusal * emergency craniotomy * morbid obesity * uncontrolled hypertension - dbp more than 110 * cardiac conduction defects * patients with chronic pain.

Keywords: craniotomy, pain relief adult solid neoplasm
multi-modality evaluation of flow rate, pressure and size of spine epidural venous plexus

Conditions: Neoplasms; Spine Tumor; Venous Hypertension

Summary: vertebra is one of the most common site of metastatic disease, which may cause severe pain or neurological deficit. debulking surgery usually has better local control and survival benefit as compared with decompression or radiotherapy. however, debulking surgery often accompany with massive blood loss, which may cause hemorrhagic shock or death. the major bleeding point during operation including tumor parenchyma, arteries that are difficult to ligate, and epidural venous plexus. vascularity of tumor parenchyma had been associated with increased intraoperative blood loss, on the other hand, there is a lack in the literature regarding to evaluation of the size, flow and pressure of epidural venous plexus, and their changes after embolization.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patient who receive pre-operative angiography and possible embolization before debulking surgery or en bloc resection of the spinal tumor. 2. the tumor has to be located in thoracic or lumbar spine. exclusion criteria: 1. confirmed non-tumor diagnosis. 2. patient who cannot tolerate the procedure due to severe pain. 3. patients who cannot receive angiography or embolization due to contraindications, including poor renal function (serum creatinine \>2.0 deciliter/mg or estimated glomerular filtration rate(egfr)) \< 30ml/min) , severe allergy to contrast medium, uncorrectable coagulopathy and bleeding diathesis. 4. patient who has severe neurological deficit that should receive emergent decompression. 5. poor image quality. 6. expected life expectancy \< 6 months.

Keywords: spine tumor venous pressure internal vertebral venous plexus epidural venous plexus
l-5-htp-related ems

Conditions: Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome

Summary: in 1989 more than 1500 people who took the dietary supplement l-tryptophan for insomnia and depression developed eosinophilia myalgia syndrome (ems)-a potentially fatal disease characterized by an excess of a type of white blood cell called eosinophils. disease symptoms include fever, muscle aches and inflammation, and skin rashes. as many as 40 of the patients who became ill died. it is suspected that impurities in the supplements caused the disease. more recently, similar impurities have been detected in batches of a similar dietary supplement called l-5-hydroxytryptophan. this study is designed to learn more about ems that develops in patients taking l-5-hydroxytryptophan. the study is open to patients newly diagnosed with eosinophilia myalgia who have taken l-5-htp. patients in the study will have a physical examination and urine and blood tests. they may also have x rays, an electrocardiogram, magnetic resonance imaging (mri), and a skin test for tuberculosis. they will have a psychiatric interview, take a memory test, and fill out questionnaires relating to sadness and depression. patients may also undergo special tests to study conduction of nerve impulses and muscle function. samples of patients' supplements will be taken for chemical analysis.

the l-tryptophan-related eosinophilia myalgia syndrome (ems), characterized by eosinophilia, myalgias, myositis, scleroderma-like skin fibrosis and fasciitis, occurred in 1989 in over 1500 patients who had ingested l-tryptophan for sleep disturbances and depression. the identical clinical syndrome has also occurred in subjects ingesting l-5-hydroxytryptophan (l-5-htp). recently, a letter to nature medicine reported the presence of an impurity in 6 out of 6 samples of l-5-htp obtained randomly at health food stores. this impurity appears to be the same as the one identified in material ingested by a family (mother and 2 babies) who had developed an ems-like syndrome after ingesting l-5-htp. although there have been no definite new cases of l-5-htp-related ems, the fda is currently investigating unconfirmed reports of possible new cases.

Eligibility criteria:
patients must be at least 18 years of age. patients newly diagnosed with eosinophilia and myalgia, and who ingested l-5-htp. subjects will be defined as having 5-l-htp related ems according to the diagnostic criteria originally established by the cdc for diagnosis of l-tyrptophan-related ems.

Keywords: cognitive function depression emg eosinophilia myalgia syndrome impurities l-5-htp memory impairment nerve-muscle biopsy sleep disorders
interferon-alpha as maintenance therapy for favorable-risk acute myeloid leukemia

Conditions: Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Summary: this research focuses on a prospective, randomized, controlled trial of "interferon-alpha as maintenance therapy for favorable-risk acute myeloid leukemia." by fully utilizing prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial and studying the negative conversion of mrd and the survival of favorable-risk aml patients, it aims to explore the efficacy and safety of interferon-alpha in the maintenance treatment of favorable-risk aml and identify effective measures to prevent relapse, thereby improving the survival of favorable-risk aml patients. the primary endpoint is the negative conversion of mrd at 6 months. the secondary endpoints include the 2-year cumulative incidence of relapse, 2-year event-free survival (efs), 2-year overall survival (os), and safety.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 18-70 years old (including 18 and 70 years old) with newly diagnosed favorable-risk aml (2022 eln risk group classification). * achieved cr1 after 1-2 cycles of standard chemotherapy. * completed 4-6 cycles of consolidation chemotherapy (including at least 2 cycles of high-dose cytarabine hdac regimem). * at the end of consolidation treatment, bone marrow examination confirmed in cr1, flow cytometry mrd negative, but molecular mrd genes (runx1:: runx1t1, npm1, and cbfb:: myh11) decreased by \> 3 log, but still detectable. * performance status score of 0-2 (ecog). * liver function: alt and ast ≤ 2.5 times the upper limit of normal, bilirubin ≤ 2 times the upper limit of normal. * kidney function: creatinine ≤ 1.5 times the upper limit of normal. exclusion criteria: * acute promyelocytic leukemia (apl). * aml with normal karyotype and bzip intramolecular mutations in cebpa. * ≥ cr2 status. * patients strongly demanding transplantation, and with indications for transplantation but not eligible for transplantation. * uncontrolled active infection. * severe organ dysfunction. * pregnancy. * unwillingness to undergo interferon treatment. * previous hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. * participation in other clinical trials within one month.