Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
air pollution, inflammation, and new onset asthma

Conditions: Asthma; Lung Diseases

Summary: to examine air pollution, inflammation and new onset asthma in a large cohort of children in southern california.

background: ambient air pollution is well accepted as a cause of asthma exacerbations, but its role in the etiology of new onset asthma is less clear. evidence for an etiologic role of ambient air pollutants is emerging from epidemiologic studies; however, the ecologic patterns of increasing asthma prevalence concurrent with decreasing levels of some pollutants have raised questions about the validity of these associations. a better understanding of the biological processes that mediate the effects of ambient air pollution on asthma occurrence is likely to contribute to answering these questions. chronic oxidative/nitrosative stress and airway inflammation are probably critical processes in asthma etiology and these inter-related processes may mediate the increased asthma risk from air pollution. this study builds on the existing asthma incidence risk (air) study which is an ongoing cohort study consisting of 6000 children with new onset asthma. the children live in 12 communities in southern california. the communities were chosen to give a range of the key ambient air pollutants of ozone, small particulates, nox, acid vapors and tailpipe emissions. design narrative: the study will use exhaled nitric oxide (eno) to investigate the role of inflammation and oxidative/nitrosative stress in the pathobiology of new onset asthma, with a focus on ambient air pollution and genetic susceptibility. the investigators choose ambient pollutants based on potential contribution to oxidative/nitrosative stress (o3; particulates (pm10 and pm2.5 and their chemical constituents, particle counts, nox (no and no2), acid vapors; and fresh tailpipe emissions). the primary hypotheses to be assessed in the program of research are: 1) children with high ambient air pollution exposures have chronic airway inflammation as indicated by elevated eno. 2) susceptibility to airway inflammation and oxidative/nitrosative stress from ambient air pollution varies by nos1, nos2. nos3. gstm1. gstp1. nqo1, and ho-1 haplotypes and functional variants, and 3) children with chronic airway inflammation as indicated by elevated eno are at increased risk for new onset asthma. to test these hypotheses, the study builds on the population resource of the asthma incidence risk (air) study, an ongoing prospective cohort study of the determinants of new onset asthma in 6000 children in 13 southern california communities, and an extensive program of ambient air pollution exposure characterization in these communities. the investigators will measure eno using off-line techniques and genotype 3000 children from the air cohort. a number of resources will enhance the study, including the children's environmental health center, the molecular biology core of southern california environmental health sciences center, and expertise from the southern california particle center and supersite.

Eligibility criteria:
no eligibility criteria
the effect of splints in pregnant women with carpal tunnel syndrome

Conditions: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome; Pregnancy Related; Splints

Summary: it is aimed to compare the effect of two different splints on carpal tunnel syndrome in pregnant individuals after 4 weeks of use.

carpal tunnel syndrome (cts) is a common musculoskeletal problem in pregnancy. the aim of this study is to compare the effects of rigid and elastic wrist splints on edema, pain levels, grip strength, and upper extremity functionality in pregnant women with cts. pregnant women in the last trimester of pregnancy who were diagnosed with cts were included in the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * being in the last trimester of pregnancy, * having a diagnosis of cts, * positive tinnel and phalen tests, * pain, tenderness, and numbness symptoms in the median nerve neurodynamic test, * pain of at least 4 severity according to vas, * edema due to pregnancy exclusion criteria: * individuals in the 1st or 2nd trimester of pregnancy, * those with pain complaints below 4 according to vas, * those with a history of cts before pregnancy, * those who had undergone surgery in the hand-wrist region * those diagnosed with cervical disc herniation
neurophysiological examination in patients with brain death

Conditions: Brain Death

Summary: this study examines muscle movements of elecromyography in adults with brain death. half of the participants will have brain death, the other half will be healthy volunteers.

in some of the patients who have brain death diagnosis, some movements may be seen. because of these movements, the doctors sometimes avoid to make brain death diagnosis. so making brain death diagnosis may delay. and in these patients, even if the brain death diagnosis made the family members refuse to donate the organs of the patients because they think their patients may survive when they see muscle movements with touch. these patients with brain death are lost in a short time, so some of the patients can not be used as donors. in this study, the investigators aim to raise awareness the movements in brain death patients can be seen, to study the movements neurophysiologically by emg, whether emg can be used as auxiliary method or not in brain death diagnosis and to raise organ donation numbers from cadavers. investigators will examine the motor response and f response in the facial nerve, median nerve, and tibialis posterior nerve with electromyography neurophysiologically.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients with definite diagnosis of brain death, * patients with permission from their parents, * patients without trauma of medullaspinalis and peripheral nerve injuries, * patients without previously known muscle disease (myasthenia gravis, myopathy, etc.), * patients with previously unknown neurological disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, guillain barre syndrome, poliomyelitis, etc.), * patients who have not previous systemic diseases (connective tissue disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, etc.). exclusion criteria: * uncertain brain death, * patients without permission of family members, * younger than 18 years old and older than 72 years, * patients with medulla spinalis and peripheral nerve injuries, * patients with known muscle disease (myasthenia gravis, myopathy, etc.), * patients with neurological disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, guillain barre syndrome, poliomyelitis, etc.), * patients with previous systemic diseases (connective tissue disease, diabetes, chronic kidney failure, etc.)

Keywords: brain death spinal reflex electromyography
study to investigate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of k-312 in healthy subjects

Conditions: Hyperlipidemia

Summary: the purpose of this study is to investigate the safety tolerability, and pk profile of k-312 and its metabolites in healthy japanese and non-japanese adults.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject provides written informed consent before any study-specific evaluation is performed. * subject is a healthy adult male or a female of non-childbearing potential between the ages of 18 and 45 years, inclusive. * subject has a body mass index of 18.5 to 30 kg/m2, inclusive. * subject has hematology, coagulation, serum chemistry, and urinalysis test results within the reference ranges or showing no clinically relevant deviations, as judged by the investigator. exclusion criteria: * subject has the presence of an active or recurring clinically significant cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, endocrine, hepatic, neurologic, psychiatric, immunologic, hematologic, gastrointestinal, or metabolic disease requiring medical treatment. * subject has any surgical or medical condition that might significantly alter the absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion of k-312. cholecystectomy is permitted if there are no postcholecystectomy gastrointestinal symptoms. * subject has clinically relevant abnormalities in clinical laboratory parameters.
retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measurement on parapapillary atrophy with the cirrus high-definition (hd) optical coherence tomography (oct)

Conditions: Glaucoma

Summary: retinal nerve fiber layer (rnfl) thickness measurement on the parapapillary atrophy is incorrect. because a new spectral domain oct, the cirrus hd oct, uses a movable circle to analyze the rnfl thickness, we may suggest a new analysis strategy for the parapapillary atrophy.

recently, the retinal nerve fiber layer (rnfl) thickness measurement using the optical coherence tomography (oct) becomes very useful to detect such a glaucomatous damage. however, there are some difficult cases including parapapillary atrophy to perform this measurement. because the rnfl thickness is so sensitive to the position of measurement and the measurement of rnfl thickness on parapapillary atrophy is incorrect, it is difficult to determine exact rnfl thickness in patients with a large parapapillary atrophy. in the present study, we want to find the proper method to analyze the rnfl thickness on parapapillary atrophy. the previous oct used a fixed circle to measure the rnfl thickness, but the new spectral domain oct, the cirrus hd oct, uses a movable one. therefore, we may suggest a new analysis strategy for the parapapillary atrophy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * qualified oct images (signal strength \> or = 8) exclusion criteria: * previous intraocular surgery history * media opacity * dm

Keywords: parapapillary atrophy retinal nerve fiber layer thickness glaucoma cirrus oct
effect of amlodipine on anti-platelet drug effect in patients with coronary artery disease

Conditions: Ischemic Heart Disease

Summary: clopidogrel can reduce risk of cardiovascular disease by inhibiting platelet aggregation. it is metabolized to an active drug by a liver enzyme. its efficacy may be measured by blood sampling for platelet activity, analyzed by verifynow device. calcium channel blocker (ccb) is also commonly used for blood pressure and anginal control in these patients. dihydropyridine group of calcium channel blocker (e.g. amlodipine) inhibits this enzyme. there are observational studies reporting dihydropyridine ccb reducing clopidogrel effect, but the clinical implication is unclear. this study test the hypothesis that there is no significant effect of dihydropyridines ccb on clopidogrel response compared with control. after giving consent, patients with suboptimal blood pressure or anginal control will be randomized to receive either dihydropyridine ccb or non-ccb as placebo. these patient will be follow-up in 1 month.

clopidogrel is a pro-drug, which requires hepatic transformation by the cytochrome p450 isoform 3a4 to generate the active metabolite. it inhibits adenosine-5-diphosphate (adp)-induced platelet aggregation by irreversibly blocking the platelet p2y12 receptor. however, response to clopidogrel shows wide individual variability, and patients with high on-treatment residual adp-induced platelet reactivity are at an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events. previous study suggest co-administration of ccbs is associated with decreased platelet inhibition by clopidogrel, but these observational studies are confounded by patient's characteristics baseline difference such as proportion of hypertension and diabetes. the objective of this randomized controlled study is to compare amlodipine with placebo on anti-platelet effect of clopidogrel.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ischemic heart disease patient, and * given loading or maintenance dose of clopidogrel and in need of it for 1 or more month * and in need of additional drug for optimal bp control (aim blood pressure \<130/90) or angina control. exclusion criteria: * existing use of amlodipine * thrombocytopenia * end stage renal failure * allergy to clopidogrel/ amlodipine * pregnancy/ lactation * strong inhibitor or inducer of cytochrome p450 3a4 enzyme within 7 days before start of the study.

Keywords: clopidogrel platelet reactivity amlodipine
pregabalin versus pulsed radiofrequency ablation for treatment of chronic post-thoracotomy pain

Conditions: Chronic Post-thoracotomy Pain

Summary: chronic post thoracotomy pain syndrome (ptps) is defined ptps as pain that develops or increases in intensity after a thoracotomy and persists beyond the healing process, that's to say at least 3 months after the initiating event. the pain has to be localized to the site of incision or, projected to the innervation territory of a nerve situated in this area or referred to a dermatome or head's zone (after surgery/injury to deep somatic and visceral tissues the incidence of ptps is 57% and 47% of patients at 3 and 6 months after thoracotomy, respectively. management of ptps begins with prevention. preventive strategies are based on multimodal preemptive and intraoperative analgesia. treatment of ptps is either pharmacologic treatment which is systematically initiated by first line drugs including tricyclic anti-depressants (tca), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (snri), gabapentinoids. second-line treatments include topical lidocaine, capsaicin, and weak opioid analgesics (tramadol). third line treatments consist of strong opioids (oxycodone, morphine) and subcutaneous botilinium toxin injection. other therapies for management of cptp include such modalities as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (tens), spinal cord and peripheral nerve stimulation, acupuncture and neurolysis using pulsed radiofrequency for intercostal nerve or dorsal root ganglio and cryoneurolysis for intercostal nerve. the mode of action of pulsed rf is not well-understood, but may include inhibition of excitatory c-fiber responses by repetitive, burst-like stimulation of a-delta fibers, global reduction of evoked synaptic activity and minor structural changes in nerve tissue; elicited by alterations in the function of the blood-nerve barrier, fibroblast activation and collagen deposition.

the aim of the work is to evaluate the effect of oral pregabalin and pulsed radiofrequency ablation (prf) ablation of the dorsal root ganglion (drg) in the treatment of chronic post thoracotomy pain syndrome, using visual analogue scale (vas) score.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * asa physical status iii or iv * persistent pain score ≥ 5 on vas for 3 months or more, not responding to traditional otc analgesics exclusion criteria: * patient refusal * the presence of pathology that could account for a majority of persistent symptoms (e.g. recurrent cancer) * coagulopathy * uncooperative patients
histological results in transgender individuals assigned to females at birth undergoing gender affirmation surgery and in testosterone therapy

Conditions: Pregnancy; Smoking Behavior; Testosterone Replacement Therapy; Drugs; Comorbidities and Coexisting Conditions; Gynecological Surgery; Transgender Men; Gender Affirmation Surgery; Hormone Replacement Therapy; Gynecological Disorders

Summary: the aim of this study is to report histological results of genital organs removed during gender affirmg surgery in transgender people assigned female at birth (afab), to increase the knowledge about the long-term effects of gender affirming hormone therapy with testosterone on these organs and to evaluate the incidence of benign and malign gynecological pathology in afab transgender people.

this retrospective, observational, single-center study aims to analyze histological data obtained from the analysis of ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterine body, endometrium, and cervix of assigned female at birth (afab) transgender individuals who underwent gender affirming surgey (gas) with hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy or hysterectomy alone following the administration of exogenous testosterone (t). histological results of the genital organs removed during gas can provide important information about the effects and safety of loong term t treatment on these organs. data on this subject is scarce in the literature. for this reason, even today, pathologists have not been able to establish guidelines for describing the histological results obtained from these patients.furthermore, this analysis will evaluate the incidence of benign and malignant gynecological pathology in afab transgender people.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * gender incongruence diagnosis * people assigned female at birth * age \>18 years * gender affirming surgery with hysterectomy * testosterone therapy exclusion criteria: * previous gynecological surgery * previous gynecological disorder diagnosis

Keywords: transgender afab histology
a study of ak0529 in infants hospitalized with rsv

Conditions: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections

Summary: this study will assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (pk) and anti-viral effect of single dose of ak0529 in infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv).

this is a open-label phase 1b study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of ak0529 in hospitalized rsv infected infants age from 1 to 24 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female subjects of any race or ethnicity with an age adjusted for any prematurity of ≥1 month and ≤24 months. * diagnosis of rsv infection by virological. * subject must weigh \>3 kg at screening. * must have provided written informed consent for the subject to participate. * for patients aged \<12 months, and occipitofrontal head circumference (ofhc) within the normal range for age and gender. exclusion criteria: * the subject has taken, is currently taking or requires any restricted medications. * subject is known to be hiv-positive (or the mother, if the potential subject is a child aged \<6 months). * participation in an investigational drug or device study within 30 days prior to the date of screening. * requires vasopressors or inotropic support at the time of enrollment. * concurrent gastrointestinal conditions that could, in the opinion of the investigator, prejudice absorption of the investigational medicinal product (e.g. protracted vomiting, malabsorption syndrome, a history of necrotising enterocolitis with consequent short gut syndrome). * bronchopulmonary dysplasia or chronic lung disease requiring assisted ventilation at the time of enrollment. * diminished ventilatory reserve at risk for hypercapnia (e.g. pulmonary hypoplasia, sequestration syndromes, cystadenomatoid malformation, a history of surgery for diaphragmatic hernia). * left to right shunt meriting corrective therapy.
shugan dingtong decoction in the treatment of fibromyalgia

Conditions: Fibromyalgia

Summary: fibromyalgia (fm) is a syndrome characterized by chronic and widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue sleep disturbances and cognitive and somatic symptoms. it is commonly conjectured that central sensitization is physiological hallmark of fm. therefore, centrally acting medications including antidepressants and anticonvulsants are used to treat fm via downregulating dorsal horn sensitization and systemic hyperexcitability.however, those drugs are limited in clinical practice resulting from dose-limiting adverse effects and incomplete drug efficacy.shugan dingtong decoction(sgdtd) is a chinese herbal formula and has been used for treatment of fm in clinical practice many years. however, few research can provide high-quality evidence on the efficacy and safety of sgdtd for the treatment of fm. therefore, a parallel-group randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sgdtd on fm.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged 18-70 years old. * patients who meet the diagnostic criteria of american college of rheumatology in 2016. * patients who meet the diagnostic criteria of syndrome of stagnation of liver qi. * pain scores between3 and 7 on visual analogue scale. * patients sign the informed consent forms. exclusion criteria: * pregnant and lactating women. * patients with serious primary diseases of respiratory, digestive, urinary, cardiovascular and immune system. * patients with mental and psychological disorders including cognitive im-pairment, severe depression, somatoform disorders. * patients with secondary fibromyalgia resulted from osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, trauma, hypothyroidism, malignant tumor. * patients with severe pain resulted from diabetic and postherpetic neuralgia. * patients who are allergic to the drugs used in this study. * patients are participation in any other clinical trials or receive other drugs for the treatment of fibromyalgia.
antineoplaston therapy in treating patients with stage iii or stage iv prostate cancer

Conditions: Prostate Cancer

Summary: current therapies for stage iii or stage iv prostate cancer provide very limited benefit to the patient. the anti-cancer properties of antineoplaston therapy suggest that it may prove beneficial in the treatment of stage iii or stage iv prostate cancer. purpose: this study is being performed to determine the effects (good and bad) that antineoplaston therapy has on patients with stage iii or stage iv prostate cancer.

stage iii or stage iv prostate cancers receive antineoplaston a10 and as2-1 capsules orally six to seven times a day. treatment continues in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. objectives: * to determine the efficacy of antineoplaston therapy in patients with stage iii or stage iv prostate cancer, as measured by an objective response to therapy (complete response, partial response or stable disease). * to determine the safety and tolerance of antineoplaston therapy in patients with stage iii or stage iv prostate cancer. * to determine objective response, tumor size is measured utilizing mri scans, which are performed every 4 months for 2 years, every 6 months for 2 years, and then annually for 2 years thereafter.

Eligibility criteria:
disease characteristics: * histologically proven stage iii or iv adenocarcinoma of the prostate not potentially curable by surgery or radiotherapy * measurable tumors or tumor markers * no response to antiandrogen withdrawal patient characteristics: age: * 18 and over performance status: * karnofsky 60-100% life expectancy: * at least 3 months hematopoietic: * wbc at least 3000/mm\^3 * platelet count at least 100,000/mm\^3 hepatic: * bilirubin no greater than 2.5 mg/dl * sgot no greater than 2 times normal * no hepatic failure renal: * bun less than 60 mg/dl * creatinine no greater than 2.5 mg/dl or * creatinine clearance greater than 60 ml/min * blood ammonia normal * no chronic renal failure cardiovascular: * no severe heart disease pulmonary: * no severe lung disease other: * fertile patients must use effective contraception during and for 4 weeks after study participation * no serious active infection or fever * no other concurrent serious disease * no other prior or concurrent malignancy within the past 2 years prior concurrent therapy: biologic therapy: * at least 4 weeks since prior immunotherapy and recovered chemotherapy: * at least 4 weeks since prior chemotherapy and recovered endocrine therapy: * at least 4 weeks since prior hormonal therapy and recovered * prior corticosteroids for at least 2 months allowed, but must be on stable or decreasing dose during study participation radiotherapy: * see disease characteristics * at least 4 weeks since prior radiotherapy and recovered surgery: * see disease characteristics * at least 4 weeks since prior surgery and recovered other: * at least 4 weeks since prior experimental clinical trial * no other concurrent therapy for metastatic disease

Keywords: stage iii or stage iv prostate cancer stage iii stage iii or stage iv prostate cancer stage iv