Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
occurrence, trends, management and outcomes of patients hospitalized with myocarditis

Conditions: Myocarditis; Sudden Cardiac Death; Cardiomyopathies; Arrythmia; Heart Failure

Summary: the epidemiology of myocarditis is largely unknown and based mainly on small single-center studies. the study aim to evaluate the current incidence, clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized due to myocarditis in a general population.

in this retrospective-prospective study, data from the national health fund (nhf), which is the only public healthcare insurer in poland is used. the nhf reimburses drugs and healthcare services provided by healthcare providers (both public and private) with public funds collected from health insurance premiums. in poland, public health insurance is obligatory for almost all poles - in december 2019, 88.4% of approx. 38 million poles had public health insurance and were entitled to obtain healthcare services and drugs reimbursed by the nhf. based on nhf claims data, the healthcare services reported over the years 2009-2021 with a diagnosis of myocarditis - hospitalizations reported with codes i40, i40.0, i40.1, i40.8, i40.9, i41, i41.0, i41.1, i41.2, i41.8, i51.4, b33.2 are derived according to the international classification of diseases and related health problems, 10th revision (icd-10). the dataset is narrowed to the first myocarditis hospitalization, i.e. patients for whom no information about the diagnosis of myocarditis is reported in the 400 days preceding the hospitalization. for such a group of patients, and to establish the baseline characteristics of the patients, data is analyzed 400 days back from the initial diagnosis of myocarditis. also, in-hospital and long-term outcomes are analyzed, including all-cause mortality as well as the occurrence of selected diseases (defined as receiving a service where selected icd-10 was reported), and selected procedures are obtained, defined with codes according to international classification of diseases, 9th revision, clinical modification (icd-9-cm). for the follow-up, at least a six-month period is required. to show differences related to the age of patients hospitalized due to myocarditis, baseline characteristics and long-term outcomes are assessed with regard to age groups. data from the central statistical office of poland is also used to refer the obtained results to the population of poland and to obtain life tables for survival analysis. no specific exclusion criteria were applied. no ethics approval was required for this study, as it involved the analysis of administrative data.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * first myocarditis hospitalization exclusion criteria: * no specific exclusion criteria were applied

Keywords: cardiomyopathy children endomyocardial biopsy epidemiology heart failure cardiac magnetic resonance
the relationship between hypoalbuminemia and development of acute kidney failure (aki) according to kdigo criteria

Conditions: Hypoalbuminemia; Acute Kidney Failure

Summary: this study was designed to determine the association between preoperative and postoperative hypoalbuminemia and aki in older age hip fracture surgeons, to determine which period of hypoalbuminemia contributes more to aki development, the incidence of aki according to anesthesia type, the presence of other factors affecting aki development, the duration of hospitalization and cost- to be investigated.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with femur fracture surgery * 65 years and over * patients with asa i - iv physical condition * patients with spinal anesthesia or peripheral nerve block exclusion criteria: * patients undergoing emergency surgery * patients with preoperative serum creatinine (scr) level\> 1.5 mg / dl * patients with low serum albumin levels in both preoperative and postoperative periods * patients receiving preoperative ventilator care * patients with spinal anesthesia or peripheral nerve block contraindications (coagulopathies, local infection at the puncture site, spot infection) or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (nsaid)

Keywords: hypoalbuminemia acute kidney failure older age hip fracture
early neurocognitive rehabilitation in intensive care

Conditions: Critical Illness

Summary: the purpose of this project is to assess the efficacy of an early neurocognitive intervention for icu patients, in terms of psychopathological, neuropsychological and functional improvement. the treatment is supported in an interactive advanced computing platform that includes the continuous biomedical registration of the patients and a virtual reality software specifically designed for critical patients. the investigators expect an improvement in neuropsychological, psychopathological and functional status at hospital discharge and 3 months follow-up in those patients that have received the early neurocognitive intervention comparing with patients treated as usual. furthermore the investigators expect a decrease of episodes and/or duration of delirium in icu patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged between 18 and 80 years * patients receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 24 hours * patients scoring more than 8 on the glasgow coma scale (gcs) and more than 2 on the sedation agitation scale (sas) * patients haemodynamically stable * informed consent signed by the closest relatives. exclusion criteria: * patients with previous neurologic pathology or focal brain injury before icu admission * patients with serious psychiatric pathology (major depression, psychosis, bipolar disease) or mentally retarded * patients with sensorial alterations needed to interact with the neurocognitive stimulation programme * patients whose closest relatives refuse the subject to be included in the study.

Keywords: critical illness neurocognition neurocognitive stimulation delirium virtual reality cognitive rehabilitation icu
photobiomodulation therapy in the management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy

Conditions: Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy

Summary: this study aims to investigate the effectiveness of photobiomodulation therapy (pbm) in the management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (cipn). therefore, the hypothesis is that pbm can reduce the severity of cipn in cancer patients, increasing the patient's quality of life.

chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (cipn) is one of the common complications of cancer treatment and involves paresthesia, numbness and/or burning pain in distal limbs. this condition has a high health impact because it is associated with psychological distress, fall risk, and poor sleep quality. furthermore, it impairs patients' daily activities and thereby decreases their quality of life. the overall incidence of cipn is approximately 68% in the first month after chemotherapy. the available evidence for preventive and therapeutic options for cipn is limited. therefore, only symptom management based on pharmacological and/or physical therapy is applied with limited success. our research group showed that photobiomodulation (pbm) has the potential to reduce the development of cipn in breast cancer patients (unpublished data). pbm uses visible and/or (near)-infrared light at a low power produced by laser diodes or light-emitting diodes (led) to stimulate tissue repair and reduce inflammation and (neuropathic) pain. the aim of this project is to evaluate the effectiveness of pbm in the management of cipn in general.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * finished one of the following types of chemotherapy: paclitaxel, docetaxel, oxaliplatin, cisplatin, vincristine, thalidomide and/or bortezomib. * diagnosed with cipn * age 18 years or above * have no documented or observable psychiatric or neurological disorders that might interfere with study participation (e.g., dementia or psychosis) * dutch-speaking * signed informed consent exclusion criteria: * taking stable doses of medication on prescription for peripheral neuropathy. related medications are: gabapentin, pregabalin (lyrica), nortriptyline, amitriptyline, duloxetine (cymbalta), and venlafaxine. * severe or unstable cardio- respiratory or musculoskeletal disease * interruption of more than two consecutive laser treatments * dark brown or black skin pigmentation (described as skin type vi in the fitzpatrick scale)

Keywords: photobiomodulation therapy
the rifaximin study in cvid

Conditions: Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

Summary: patients with common variable immunodeficiency (cvid) have various forms of autoimmune and auto inflammatory disorders. the study will investigate if intervention with rifaximin modifies the gut microbiota with a subsequent alteration in markers of systemic immune activation and inflammation in patients with cvid. the investigators hypothesize that the gut microbiota of cvid patients, at least partly through interaction with the innate immune system within the intestine, contribute to a low-grade systemic inflammation in these patients, and that an intervention with the non-absorbable antibiotic rifaximin attenuates systemic inflammation through modulation of the gut microbiota. the study may lead to increased understanding of the interaction between microbiota and the immune system. the study could give new insight into important disease processes in relation to the interaction between the microbiota, the intestine and the systemic compartment, and potentially be the basis of new therapeutic strategies in these patients to prevent and down-regulate the auto-inflammatory and autoimmune complications seen in cvid. the findings could also be of relevance for other disorders where the interaction between microbiota and intestinal and systemic inflammation is involved such as various cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. the investigators hypothesize that the gut microbiota of cvid patients, at least partly through interaction with the innate immune system within the intestine, contribute to a low-grade systemic inflammation in these patients, and that an intervention with the non-absorbable antibiotic rifaximin attenuates systemic inflammation through modulation of the gut microbiota.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 ≥ and \<75 years of age * a diagnosis of cvid: decreased serum levels (\> 2 sd) of immunoglobulin (ig)g, iga and/or igm and exclusion of other forms of hypogammaglobulinemia exclusion criteria: * previous treatment with antibiotics within the last 12 weeks * history of hypersensitivity to rifaximin or other rifamycin derived antimicrobial agents, or any of the components of xifaxan * comorbidity not related to cvid- i.e. conditions or symptoms that may influence with the patient safety or compromise the study results (e.g., cardiovascular disorders, alcoholism, psychiatric disease, hiv infection etc.)\]. * polypharmacy with increased risk for interactions. i.e. patient with an extensive medication lists (e.g. 10 drugs or more) this may influence with the patient safety or compromise the study results * malignancy of any cause * impaired kidney function (i.e., estimated glomerulus filtration rate \<50 ml/minute/1.73 m2\] * impaired liver function (alanine aminotransferase \> 150 u/l) or established liver cirrhosis. * pregnant or planning to be pregnant in the study period to avoid interference of pregnancy with gut microbiota (not because of toxicity\]. * nursing * on-going infection, including gi infection * the use of probiotics for the recent 6 months * any immunosuppressive drugs,
comparison between the caudal block and other methods of postoperative pain relief in children undergoing circumcision

Conditions: Analgesia; Pain, Postoperative; Pain, Acute

Summary: prospective, randomized, case-controlled trial study. observation post-operatively: aims: this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the caudal block cb with other methods of postoperative pain release.

a study sample size: all patients, for a total of 90 boys going for circumcision surgery. i was recruited over the course of four months, starting on 1 may 2023. the patients will be divided into three groups: a caudal block(cb), b systemic opioids, and c dorsal penile block (dpnb) techniques used in pediatric surgeries to provide analgesia for penile surgery such as circumcision. all patients had operations and were observed, and the three groups were compared based on hemodynamic stability, pain scores, duration of sedation, analgesia need, and parental satisfaction. where the face, leg, activity, and cry consolability (flacc) pain scale and behaviors were used to observe and compare the three groups. pain scores were recorded by separate anesthesiologists or nurses in the post-anesthesia care unit. all statistical work will be carried out using spss version 27 (spss inc., chicago, usa) and prism graphpad version 9.4.1 (graphpad, san diego, usa) the categorical and numerical variables and demographic data of three groups were collected and reviewed by two authors. the study has shown that the caudal block produces higher levels of analgesia and a longer period of pain release than the penile block, even if both methods help relieve pain during pediatric surgical procedures.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * american society of anesthesiologists physical status classification one * aged from three months up to three years exclusion criteria: * allergic to local anesthetics, * bleeding diatheses, * coagulopathy, * infection at the injection site,

Keywords: anesthesia pain management pediatric
mgso4 vs metoclopramide for headache in pregnant women

Conditions: Headache

Summary: the study will compare effectiveness of intravenous magnesium sulfate to that of intravenous metoclopramide (reglan®) for acute headache in pregnant women. we will randomize pregnant women who present to our emergency department with chief complaint of headache to magnesium sulfate 2 grams intravenously or metoclopramide 10 mg intravenously; both groups will receive acetaminophen (tylenol®) 1 gram orally and normal saline 1 liter intravenously. headaches are common during pregnancy, related to hormonal changes, altered sleep patterns and psychosocial stressors. common medications for headache such as non-steroidal antiinflammatories or triptans are typically avoided during pregnancy due to concern for fetal effects. women, and their physicians, are often uncertain regarding available medication options with justifiable safety profiles during pregnancy.

metoclopramide and prochlorperazine (compazine®), antiemetic dopamine receptor antagonists, are widely used for headache treatment in north american emergency departments. metoclopramide, fda pregnancy category b, is used in clinical practice for acute headache in pregnant women. small studies have found magnesium sulfate to be effective in migraine, tension and cluster headaches, although there is no data regarding efficacy or tolerability in pregnant women. our study would be similar to a turkish study published in 2004 which compared magnesium sulfate to metoclopramide for acute headache treatment in nonpregnant individuals; they found the drugs equally effective 30 minutes after administration. serum magnesium levels in pregnant women are often lower than in nonpregnant women; magnesium deficiency has been explored as contributing to headache frequency and severity. magnesium sulfate use has been well established during pregnancy for decades, administered intravenously to delay labor or to women with preeclampsia for 24 to 48 hours, initially with 4 to 6 gram bolus then 2 grams per hour. for headache treatment, magnesium sulfate dose would be far lower, 2 grams. we would like to determine the efficacy and tolerability of magnesium sulfate for headache relief in pregnant women, as well as evaluate efficacy of metoclopramide in pregnant women. we do not find published randomized trials evaluating headache treatment in pregnant women.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pregnant, 18-75 * headache rated 4 or greater on a 0-10 pain scale exclusion criteria: * new objective neurologic abnormality at the time of exam * temperature \>100.4 * allergy or intolerance to study medications * suspected of confirmed preeclampsia/eclampsia * complete heart block * hypotension, sbp\<85 * myasthenia gravis * end stage renal failure

Keywords: pregnant women
magnetic ureteral stent symptoms - a comparison to standard ureteral stent as perceived by the patient (maguss)

Conditions: Urinary Tract Stone; Kidney Stone

Summary: the specific aim of this study is to validate our hypothesis that the magnetic ureteral stents have the same amount of adverse effects as the more commonly used non-magnetic ureteral stents. if this hypothesis would be confirmed then the usage of magnetic ureteral stents would be justified for both reducing patient discomfort by way of fewer cystoscopies and possibly also decreasing the overall expenditures of treatment.

many urological procedures involving the kidney and the ureters require a stent replacement to avoid un-wanted adverse invents caused by the procedure itself. the stenting, however, predisposes the patient to adverse effects of its own and the application and removal of the stent is a notable monetary expense. the use of magnetic ureteral stents that can be removed via catheter instead of requiring an additional cystoscopy for removal would reduce the discomfort to patients and also possibly decrease the expenditures of the overall treatment. however, the comparability of standard ureteral stents and the magnetic ureteral stents is largely unknown due to there being no published research on the subject as of this time. the specific aim of this study is to validate our hypothesis that the magnetic ureteral stents have the same amount of adverse effects as the more commonly used non-magnetic ureteral stents. the design is as prospective randomized, single-blinded, multi-institutional, non-inferiority study conducted in hospital districts of southwest finland, päijät-häme, pohjois-savo, satakunta and keski-suomi. using age and gender stratification, patients are randomised 1:1 fashion into having a magnetic (n=85) or standard ureter stent (n=85). the primary objectives are the mean differences between the two groups in pain and urinary symptoms scores determined by the ureteral stent symptom questionnaire (ussq) 4 weeks after stent placement. the patients will be recruited starting from the 4rd quarter of 2018 and ending during the 3rd quarter of 2020. preliminary analysis of all results will be available in september 2020 and reports are expected to be written during december 2020.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * language spoken: finnish * clinically evaluated need for short term ureter stenting in course of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy-treatment or after pyeloscopy * mental status: patients must be able to understand the meaning of the study * informed consent: the patient must sign the appropriate ethics committee (ec) approved informed consent documents in the presence of the designated staff exclusion criteria: * current use of alpha blockers * patients undergoing emergency ureteroscopy and stenting * patients with a long term ureter stents * any other conditions that might compromise patients safety, based on the clinical judgment of the responsible urologist

Keywords: urinary tract stone ureter double-j stent
distinguishing children at low risk of severe infection in case of febrile neutropenia-7: impact study of a clinical decision rule

Conditions: Neutropenia, Febrile

Summary: febrile neutropenia (nf) is the leading cause of unscheduled hospitalization in children with cancer. management classically involves emergency admission to hospital for intravenous antibiotic treatment until resolution of fever and neutropenia. however, children with nf are a heterogeneous group with varying risks of severe infection (10-29%). this approach, which is recognized as excessive for low-risk episodes of severe infection, particularly in terms of quality of life and cost, is no longer recommended. management should move to a more personalized model that takes into account the individual probability of severe infection. clinical decision rules (cdrs) have been proposed to facilitate risk stratification, but none are useful in our french population because of insufficient reproducibility or effectiveness.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * followed for hemopathy or cancer, * presenting with post-chemotherapy nf, * with social security coverage, * with parents able to provide appropriate home supervision, * consent of parents and child if able to give consent. exclusion criteria: * nf to diagnosis of tumor disease, * child with palliative care, * child who has had an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant within the past year, * nf immediately following an autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant, * participation in the study during a previous nf, * curative antibiotic therapy or documented infection prior to admission, * initial management at a non-investigative center, * refusal of the child or parents to participate translated with www.deepl.com/translator (free version)
intraoperative goal directed fluid management in supratentorial brain tumor craniotomy

Conditions: Brain Tumor; Craniotomy

Summary: pulse pressure variation (ppv) to standard fluid management (4ml/kg/hr) in patients undergoing supratentorial mass excision. the investigators hypothesize that in these procedures, goal-directed fluid therapy (gdt) might improve brain relaxation, and patient hemodynamics intra and postoperatively.

neurosurgical operations are characterized by major fluid shift, frequent use of diuretics, and prolonged operative time. the role of fluid therapy in these patients is very critical, hypovolemia might lead to brain hypoperfusion and over-transfusion might lead increased intracranial tension. all these factors make fluid management in these procedures complex and challenging. evidence on the optimum protocol for intraoperative fluid management in neurosurgical patients is still lacking. goal-directed therapy (gdt) in the operating room is a term used to describe the use of cardiac output or similar parameters to guide intravenous fluid and inotropic therapy. although gdt was well reported in many procedures, its benefit in neurosurgical operations is not well studied. pulse pressure variation (ppv) is a famous dynamic method of fluid responsiveness. ppv is simply calculated by dividing the largest pulse pressure (ppmax - ppmin) by the average pulse pressure (ppmax + ppmin /2) and expressed as percentage. ppv was previously used in gdt in major abdominal surgery with good performance. the aim of this study is to compare the restricted fluid approach (1 ml/kg/hr) guided by ppv to standard fluid management (4ml/kg/hr) in patients undergoing supratentorial mass excision. the investigators hypothesize that in these procedures gdt might improve brain relaxation, and patient hemodynamics intra and postoperatively.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients scheduled for supratentorial mass excision will be enrolled in the study. exclusion criteria: * patients with arrhythmias, pulmonary hypertension, impaired cardiac contractility, impaired liver or kidney function, and patients with bmi above 40 will be excluded.