Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
a study of efficacy and safety of intravenous cefiderocol (s-649266) versus imipenem/cilastatin in complicated urinary tract infections

Conditions: Urinary Tract Infections

Summary: the purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of intravenous cefiderocol (s-649266) in hospitalized adults with complicated urinary tract infections caused by gram-negative pathogens.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hospitalized male and female patients ≥ 18 years * clinical diagnosis of either complicated urinary tract infections (cuti) with or without pyelonephritis or acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis * cuti diagnosed with a history of ≥ 1 of the following: * indwelling urinary catheter or recent instrumentation of the urinary tract * urinary retention (caused by benign prostatic hypertrophy) * urinary retention of at least 100 ml or more of residual urine after voiding (neurogenic bladder) * obstructive uropathy * azotemia caused by intrinsic renal disease (blood urea nitrogen and creatinine values greater than normal laboratory values) or pyelonephritis and normal urinary tract anatomy, ie, acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis and at least 2 of the following signs or symptoms: * chills or rigors or warmth associated with fever (temperature greater than or equal to 38 degrees celsius) * flank pain (pyelonephritis) or suprapubic/pelvic pain (cuti) * nausea or vomiting * dysuria, urinary frequency, or urinary urgency * costo-vertebral angle tenderness on physical examination and all subjects had to have urinalysis evidence of pyuria demonstrated by 1 of the following: * dipstick analysis positive for leukocyte esterase * ≥ 10 white blood cells (wbcs) per μl in unspun urine, or ≥ 10 wbcs per high power field in spun urine * positive urine culture within 48 hours prior to randomization containing ≥10\^5 colony forming unit (cfu)/ml of a gram-negative uropathogen likely to be susceptible to imipenem (ipm) * patients who were treated previously with an empiric antibiotic other than the study drugs but failed treatment, both clinically and microbiologically, were eligible for the study if they had an identified gram-negative uropathogen that was not susceptible to the previously used empiric treatment and likely to be susceptible to ipm * subjects receiving antibiotic prophylaxis for uti who present with signs and symptoms consistent with an active new uti exclusion criteria: * urine culture identifies only a gram-positive pathogen and/or a gram-negative uropathogen resistant to ipm * urine culture at study entry isolates more than 2 uropathogens or patient has a confirmed fungal uti * asymptomatic bacteriuria, the presence of \>10\^5 cfu/ml of a uropathogen and pyuria but without local or systemic symptoms * patient is receiving hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis

Keywords: s-649266 complicated urinary tract infection cefiderocol acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis gram-negative pathogens imipenem/cilastatin
feasibility study assessing the effect of carbidopa/levodopa ratio on orthostatic hypotension in multiple system atrophy - parkinsonian type and parkinson disease.

Conditions: Multi-system Atrophy - Parkinsonian Type; Orthostatic Hypotension, Dysautonomic; Parkinson Disease

Summary: this study is aimed at patients with multi-system atrophy - parkinsonian type (p-msa) or parkinson's disease (pd) receiving dopaminergic drugs and suffering from orthostatic hypotension (oh). oh is a drop in blood pressure when standing, which can lead to symptoms of dizziness, lightheadedness, a black veil in front of the eyes and, when severe, can lead to fainting. ho is one of the symptoms present in ams-p and pd. the standard treatment for parkinsonian symptoms of slowness and stiffness is the administration of antiparkinsonian drugs containing dopamine. these dopaminergic drugs always contain 1) levodopa (which is the precursor of dopamine) and 2) an enzyme inhibitor, which may be either benserazide (in the case of madopar® and its generics) or carbidopa (in the case of sinemet® or stalevo® and their generics) and whose role is to potentiate the effect of levodopa. it has long been known that dopaminergic drugs aggravate ho. through various mechanisms, this worsening of ho is linked as much to levodopa as to the enzyme inhibitor with which it is combined. however, investigators do not know the respective effects of these two molecules on ho. in this study, investigators examine how the ratio of carbidopa to levodopa affects ho in the various assays of the dopaminergic drug under study.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. informed consent form signed. 2. patient over 18 years and under 80 years of age. 3. patient with multiple system atrophy- parkinsonian type (msa-p) (confirmed by diagnostic criteria for clinically established and clinically probable multiple system atrophy (11); or patient with parkinson disease (pd) (12) presenting oh symptoms (getting at least one point at the 3 questions - n° 14, 15 and 16 - of the scopa-aut scale that address orthostatic hypotension symptoms). 4. patient currently receiving dopamine-replacement therapy (i.e. levodopa combined with carbidopa or benserazide). exclusion criteria: 1. patient unable to stand an overnight (at least 12 hours) withdrawal of their immediate-release drt (last extended-, delayed-, or controlled-release dosage must be taken minimum 24 hours prior to the test). 2. patient with known congestive heart failure, grades c and d, nyha iii and iv. 3. patient with dementia (i.e. major cognitive impairment) associated to msa-p or pd, 4. patient with mild cognitive impairment, and unable to provide or understand informed consent, i.e. who does not have full capacity for discernment. 5. current participation to other clinical trials. 6. pregnant or lactating woman or willing to become pregnant.

Keywords: carbidoh
screening of pulmonary hypertension in methamphetamine abusers

Conditions: Methamphetamine Abuse; Pulmonary Hypertension

Summary: methamphetamine is misuse if classified as a "likely" risk factor for pulmonary arterial hypertension (pah). nevertheless the actual prevalence of and a screening strategy for pah in methamphetamine users have not been established. in this study, the prevalence of pah will be investigated and its independent risk factors among methamphetamine users will be identified.

methamphetamine is a potent central nervous system stimulant originally prescribed for individuals with neuropsychiatric diseases. owing to its highly addictive nature, illicit use has emerged as a major public health problem worldwide. it causes methamphetamine use disorders and also affects cardiovascular (cv) system. pah is one of those cv complications and is devastating and often life-threatening. in a subsequent retrospective cohort, patients with idiopathic pah were found to have a much higher prevalence of prior use of methamphetamine and/or its related compounds, compared with patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension or pulmonary hypertension due to a known associated condition. although current international guidelines recognize methamphetamines as a "likely" cause of drug-induced pah, almost nothing is known about its prevalence and incidence amongst methamphetamine users. besides, since patients with pah often remain asymptomatic in the early phase, the diagnosis is often made late in the course of the disease, when most small pulmonary arteries have been obliterated, rendering therapy ineffective. although the prognosis of patients with methamphetamine-associated pah appears to be much worse than for those with idiopathic pah, international guidelines and expert consensus have not considered screening for pah in asymptomatic methamphetamine users. this study will apply a current guideline-recommended pah screening algorithm for systemic sclerosis to a large cohort of unselected methamphetamine users in hong kong. the study objectives include: 1) to describe the prevalence of pah among methamphetamine users using a current guidelines-recommended screening algorithm for pah in systemic sclerosis; 2) to identify independent risk factors for pah in methamphetamine users; and 3) to develop a prediction model for pah in methamphetamine users.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * \>= 18 years at enrollment * report of methamphetamine use in the last 2 years * diagnosed as amphetamine dependent according to the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (the 5th edition) (dsm-v)(13) * voluntarily agree to participate by providing written informed consent exclusion criteria: * failed or refused to provide written informed consent reference: 13. battle de. diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (dsm). codas 2013;25(2):191-2.
evaluation of the reliability and validity of a diagnostic sleep disorders questionnaire

Conditions: Sleep Apnea Syndromes; Insomnia; Insufficient Sleep Syndrome; Circadian Rhythm Disorders

Summary: the study aims to develop and test a user-friendly, accessible approach to sleep assessment which can function as an initial "triage" of targeted sleep conditions, such as insomnia, insufficient sleep syndrome, sleep apnea syndromes/snoring, and circadian sleep/wake disorders, within the clinical and community population. specifically, this study will test the validity and reliability of a self-rated, digitized, and cost-effective diagnostic measure with sufficient sensitivity to accurately assess/diagnose common sleep conditions and/or risk for these conditions. such an approach, would allow for faster assessment of common sleep conditions and disorders, and provide clinical knowledge to the individual, the physician, and if required insurance companies, as to those persons who need more immediate attention or treatment for their sleep condition.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients aged 21-65 years who are referred to the sleep clinic at carmel medical center and who are capable of filling out an electronic questionnaire in hebrew. exclusion criteria: 1. patient age \ 65 years. 2. women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. 3. nighttime shift-workers. 4. persons who are unable to provide consent due to mental incapacity. 5. persons referred for evaluation by ministry of transportation (for licensing purposes).

Keywords: sleep disorders assessment diagnosis
epidemiology and clinical characteristics of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases with epidemic potential in mali

Conditions: Febrile Illness

Summary: this is a prospective observational study to include participants with a spectrum of emerging or unknown pathogens with the objective to determine etiology and clinical characteristics of those diseases.

infectious diseases remain one of the leading causes of death worldwide despite innovations in medical research and the availability of new treatments. emerging diseases include outbreaks of previously unknown diseases or known diseases where the incidence in humans has significantly increased in the past two decades. detailed studies on emerging and re-emerging infectious agents to better understand pathogens' biology and host pathogenesis are mostly lacking. this study protocol is to prepare for a rapid coordinated clinical investigation of acute infections of emerging and re-emerging infectious agents in mali. in collaboration with the mali ministry of health and public hygiene, we will conduct an observational study to include participants with a spectrum of emerging or unknown pathogens with the objective to determine etiology and clinical characteristics of those diseases. patients with suspected emerging or re-emerging infectious diseases within 15 km of point g hospital in bamako will be invited to participate in this study.

Eligibility criteria:
participants referred or managed by the national disease surveillance committee, primary healthcare facilities, level-3 hospitals, or other facilities adults and children of any age unexplained fever (temperature greater than or equal to 38°c), recorded or reported, within 24 to 48 hours, regardless duration with at least one of the following signs or symptoms: * unexplained bleeding * one or more generic symptoms (headache, tiredness, myalgia, arthralgia, diarrhea, anorexia, weight loss, rash) * jaundice * one or more respiratory symptoms (cough, dyspnea, pharyngitis, rhinorrhea) * guillain-barré syndrome * newborns with microcephaly or other brain defects * agree to have samples collected and stored for further studies exclusion criteria - participants may be excluded from enrolling in the study if they have any known medical disorders or other circumstances which, in the opinion of the investigator, might make participation unsafe or difficult (e.g. inability to obtain necessary samples, mental illness).

Keywords: unknown febrile emerging or re-emerging infectious disease
effects of asymmetries on binaural-hearing abilities across the lifespan

Conditions: Aging; Hearing Loss; Hearing Asymmetry

Summary: binaural hearing involves combining auditory information across the ears. with binaural hearing, listeners benefit from perceiving sounds from different spatial locations. this is critical in solving the "cocktail party problem" (i.e., understanding speech in the presence of competing background sounds and noise). as humans get older, hearing loss increases, binaural abilities decrease, and the cocktail party problem becomes increasingly difficult. this research studies the mechanisms underlying the impact of age and hearing loss on speech-perception in noise and cocktail-party listening situations. more specifically, the role of hearing asymmetries between the ears is investigated. the specific aims are to generate an audiological and binaural-hearing-focused dataset for a large cohort of participants that vary in hearing asymmetry, age, and hearing loss and to use machine learning to uncover complex associations and generate novel hypotheses relating audiometric variables and basic binaural-hearing abilities to the cocktail-party problem. participants in this research will complete perceptual measures of hearing acuity and spatial hearing. participants will also report on speech understanding under noisy and challenging listening conditions. this research may lead to improvements in audiological care and hearing interventions.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults (18-80 years) * no hearing asymmetry between ears (≤10 db at any frequency) or, hearing asymmetry between ears \>10 db * native english speakers * primarily use oral language * sufficient corrected or uncorrected visual acuity (20/50 or better) to read large-font text exclusion criteria: * acoustic tone-detection threshold \>50 db hl at any octave frequency (250-4000 hz) in either ear (i.e., more than a moderate hearing loss) * history of neurological disorders (e.g., stroke, parkinson's disease) determined by self-report * history of post-traumatic stress disorder or traumatic brain injury determined by self-report * possibility of acoustic neuroma, hearing asymmetry (\>10 db at three consecutive audiometric threshold frequencies) * montreal cognitive assessment (moca) score \<22/30 * no oral language use * cochlear implant user * conductive hearing loss
outcomes comparison of robotic, retropubic, and perineal prostatectomy

Conditions: Prostate Cancer

Summary: compare peri-operative and postoperative outcomes of the three different surgical approaches to prostatectomy

existing data collected from prostatectomy database study and urology database study will be analyzed. compare peri-operative and postoperative outcomes of the three different surgical approaches to prostatectomy

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years of age * radical prostatectomy at william beaumont hospital exclusion criteria: * dementia

Keywords: prostate cancer prostatectomy
epidural and spinal anesthesia techniques in pilonidal dermoid sinus surgeries

Conditions: Sinus; Dermal, Pilonidal

Summary: pilonidal dermoid cyst surgery under general anesthesia and regional anesthesia techniques is used.regional anesthesia techniques; spinal, epidural, spinal epidural (combined) and is the local anesthesia.in the investigators study, pilonidal dermoid cyst surgery in spinal and epidural anesthesia techniques activity, reliability will be compared to the side effects and complications. one hundred patients will be randomly assigned to either the pilonidal dermoid cyst under spinal anaesthesia (50 patients)(group 1) or pilonidal dermoid cyst under epidural anaesthesia (50 patients)(group 2). group 1 will be used in spinal catheter in spinal anesthesia procedures or group 2 will be used epidural catheter in epidural anaesthesia procedures.all patients has symptomatic pilonidal dermoid cyst.

pilonidal dermoid is a tubular skin defect which can be seen in both female and male patients between the ages of 12 to 80. treatment alternatives includes surgical excision. during the surgical treatment local, general, spinal or epidural anesthesia could be applied. however, local anesthesia usually is not preferred due to the fact that pilonidal dermoid sinuses depth, width could not be determined precisely. general anesthesia also is not preferred due to the fact that difficulties arising from patient's positioning and positioning based potential lung related problems. in general, spinal anesthesia and epidural anesthesia is preferred for pilonidal dermoid sinus surgeries. in this study, the investigators will demonstrate advantages, disadvantages, complications, (sensory and motor block levels), and durations of spinal and epidural anesthesia and superiority of each on these subjects. patients who are over 18 and have a america society of anesthesiologist (asa) physical score of i and ii will be included in the study. patients who are pregnant, have a known allergic reactions to local anesthetic and have contraindications against spinal and epidural anesthetic will be excluded from the study. in this study the investigators separate the patients into 2 groups. group1: pilonidal dermoid cyst under spinal anaesthesia (50 patients).group 1 will be used in spinal catheter in spinal anesthesia procedures ; group2:pilonidal dermoid cyst under epidural anaesthesia (50 patient).group 2 will be used epidural catheter in epidural anaesthesia procedures. all patients has symptomatic pilonidal dermoid cyst

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * america society of anesthesiologist (asa) physical score of i and ii * the men and women over the age of 18, pilonidal sinus disease exclusion criteria: * pediatric patients * pregnant women * patients with bleeding disorder * patients with spinal deformity

Keywords: epidural anesthesia spinal anesthesia pilonidal dermoid sinus
efficacy and safety of different regimens in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving intensive insulin therapy

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: the purpose of this studay is to compare the efficacy of different hypoglycemic regimens versus twice-daily premixed insulin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm) patients after short-term ntensive insulin therapy by using continuous glucose monitoring.

this randomized, positive-controlled, open-label, parallel-group study will enroll approximately 78 male and female patients aged 18-70 years with poorly-controlled t2dm (hba1c \>9% or fbs\>11.1mmol/l) after short-term intensive insulin therapy. eligible patients will then be randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to insulin glargine plus oads or twice-daily premixed insulin or insulin degludec \& liraglutide for 3 months with metformin maintained throughout the study in both treatment groups. all the patients will wear cgm during short-term intensive insulin therapy and after treatment for 7 days. the primary endpoint is plasma glucose change from baseline to month 3. secondary endpoints include assessment of fasting plasma glucose, total daily insulin dose, hypoglycemia incidence, body weight change, adverse events, and patient satisfaction.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 18-70 years with poorly-controlled t2dm (world health organization diagnostic criteria) * bmi 21\~32kg/m2 * duration of t2dm more than 1 year * fpg≥11.1mmol/l or hba1c ≥9% for three months * fasting c-peptide \>1 ng/ml exclusion criteria: * acute diabetic complications (diabetic ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma) within the past 1 month; * impaired renal function,defined as (but not limited to) serum creatinine levels ≥1.5 mg/dl for males and ≥1.4 mg/dl for females, or the presence of macroproteinuria (\> 2 g/day) * pregnancy * inability to perform self-monitoring of bg (smbg) * acute disease or surgery in the past 3months or preparation for the surgey
two-unit cantilever implant prostheses made of monolithic zirconia or pfm

Conditions: Jaw, Edentulous, Partially; Missing Teeth

Summary: the aim of is to compare the survival rate and technical outcomes of cantilever implant-supported fixed denture prosthetics (cfdps) made either out of monolithic zirconia bonded to a titanium base in a digital workflow, or porcelain fused-to metal using a gold abutment in a conventional workflow. in addition, biological outcomes, wear patterns, proms and time efficiency will be recorded. the null hypothesis is: the reconstruction type does not influence the survival rate and technical outcomes of 2-unit implant-supported cfdp.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * minimal age of 22 years old. * no general medical condition which represents a contraindication to implant treatment * good oral hygiene (pii ≤ 20%), and healthy periodontal tissues (bop≤ 20%) * two adjacent-teeth gap in posterior maxilla or mandible arch (first premolar, second premolar, first molar, second molar) with an osseointegrated regular or wide-diameter bone-level implant in a prosthetically correct position to allow occlusal screw-retention. free-end edentulous gaps can also be included * presence of antagonist occlusal units exclusion criteria: * severe bruxism or clenching habits * patients with inadequate oral hygiene or persistent intraoral infection * women who are pregnant or breast feeding at the day of inclusion * smokers exceeding 15 cigarettes / day, or equivalent; patients chewing tobacco * unable or unwilling to cooperate for the trial period * estimated cantilever crown mesial-distal length \> 10 mm * estimated implant crown height (from implant platform to occlusal contact points) \> 15 mm

Keywords: dental implants cantilever titanium base dental abutment fixed dental prosthesis monolithic zirconia porcelain fused to metal