Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effect of chlorhexidine versus alcohol on infections in neonates

Conditions: Neonatal Infection

Summary: chlorhexidine is a local antiseptic that has an important role in the prevention of catheter-associated bloodstream infections. its application to a newborn's umbilical cord reduces all-cause neonatal mortality.

skin disinfection by an appropriate antiseptic agent is essential to prevent healthcare-associated infection. common pathogens responsible for sepsis have been detected in skin microbiota of hospitalized neonates. such skin inhabitants can cause sepsis and also lead to blood culture contamination resulting in unnecessary antibiotic use. strict asepsis bundles have been shown to reduce catheter-related blood stream infection (crbsi) and contamination rates. the choice of appropriate skin disinfectant is, however, based on low-quality evidence, even in adults. chlorhexidine gluconate (chg) is a broad-spectrum antiseptic which is effective against a host of neonatal pathogens. chg-based products are used frequently in the healthcare setting for peripheral and central venous catheter (cvc) site skin preparation, daily bathing of intensive care unit patients, full-body newborn skin cleansing, umbilical cord care, and staphylococcus aureus decolonization. in neonates, chg used as antiseptic for cvc insertion site preparation and maintenance decreases cvc tip microbial colonization. trials of full-body skin cleansing and umbilical cord care with chg in the developing world, which included infants less than 34 weeks gestational age, have demonstrated reduced risk of neonatal mortality. despite proven efficacy of chg in neonates, current guidelines acknowledge that no recommendations with regards to chg antisepsis can be made for infants less than 2 months of age due to incomplete safety data in this population.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * neonates with gestational age 28 weeks or more. * neonates needing the insertion of a peripherally inserted central catheter (picc line) or cvc or umbilical catheter. exclusion criteria: * extremely preterm (ga less than 28 weeks). * babies who have an allergy to chlorhexidine 2%.
tolerability and efficacy of high dose escitalopram in the treatment of patients suffering from schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd) - an open label study

Conditions: OCD; Schizophrenia

Summary: the purpose of the study is to evaluate tolerability and efficacy of escitalopram (cipralex) treatment in doses beyond 20mg (20-40 mg/d) in patients with ocd and schizophrenia, non responsive or partially responsive to recommended doses (evaluation according to y-bocs). an open label, prospective study. the study will include 20 patients recruited from the inpatient wards and from the outpatient clinic who have a dsm-iv diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and ocd. before entering the study all patients will be interviewed by 2 senior board certified psychiatrists in order to confirm the diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and ocd according to dsm-iv criteria. after confirming the diagnosis of schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder and ocd each patient will be evaluated by panss, y-bocs and gci-s scales. those patients who score above 12 points on the y-bocs will be eligible for the study. rating scales (panss, y-bocs, cgi-s, cgi-i) will be completed on a weekly basis during the whole 13 weeks period. in addition patients will be asked to report medication side effects and will also be clinically evaluated for side effects by the physician. special attention will be paid to worsening of psychosis or oc symptoms. all patients whose mental status will deteriorate or those who cannot tolerate the drug will be dropped-out and intent to treat analysis will be made.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients will be men and women over 18 years of age who meet dsm-iv criteria for schizophrenia/ schizoaffective disorder and ocd. * previous to entering the study all patients should be stabilized on antipsychotic medication for at least 3 months. * patients should score above 12 points on yale brown obsessive compulsive scale (y-bocs) (cut off point of y-bocs total score \> or =7 is the common practice in similar studies) (kayahan et al 2005). exclusion criteria: * all patients who are under antidepressant treatment (including ssris and clomipramine). * in patients who were on clomipramine or ssri in the past are included, at least 2 weeks must have been elapsed since stopping the medication. * in case the patient has received an antidepressant which is not an ssri or clomipramine, there will be a washout period of one week before entering the study. * if the patient received a mao-inhibitors there will be a washout period of at least 2 weeks except for fluoxetine for which a washout period of 5 weeks is required due to its long half-life. * known contraindication for the use of citalopram or escitalopram. * abnormal ecg findings at baseline * unable to understand and give informed consent.

Keywords: patients suffer from
treatment of itp with rituximab and / or accutane

Conditions: Immune Thrombocytopenia

Summary: a prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase ii, two arms interventional trial performed in 5 departments of hematology in china

this is a prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase ii, two arms interventional trial performed in 5 departments of hematology in china. the investigators explore the efficacy and safety of rituximab plus short-term methylprednisolone compare standard dose methylprednisolone in newly diagnosed itp participants.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. clinically confirmed immune thrombocytopenic purpura (itp) newly diagnosed 2. platelet count less than 30×109/l on two occasions or platelets above 30×109/l combined with bleeding manifestation 3. subject is ≥ 18 years and ≤80years 4. subject has signed and dated written informed consent. 5. fertile patients must use effective contraception during treatment and observational period 6. negative pregnancy test exclusion criteria: 1. have an impaired renal function as indicated by a serum creatinine level \> 2.0 mg/dl 2. have an inadequate liver function as indicated by a total bilirubin level \> 2.0 mg/dl and/or an aspartate aminotransaminase or alanine aminotransferase level \> 3×upper limit of normal 3. have a new york heart classification iii or iv heart disease 4. have a history of severe psychiatric disorder or are unable to comply with study and follow-up procedures 5. have active hepatitis b or hepatitis c infection 6. have a hiv infection 7. have active infection requiring antibiotic therapy within 7 days prior to study entry 8. are pregnant or lactating women, or plan to become pregnant or impregnated within 12 months of receiving study drug 9. previous treatment with rituximab 10. previous splenectomy 11. had previous or concomitant malignant disease 12. not willing to participate in the study. 13. expected survival of \< 2 years 14. intolerant to murine antibodies 15. immunosuppressive treatment within the last month 16. connective tissue disease 17. autoimmune hemolytic anemia 18. patients currently involved in another clinical trial with evaluation of drug treatment

Keywords: immune thrombocytopenia rituximab methylprednisolone
evaluation of a novel post-surgical dressing

Conditions: Post Surgical Wound

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the closed-incision snap device.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * surgically closed incision. * subject is 18 years of age or older. * subject consents to follow-up per protocol. * willing and able to sign informed consent. exclusion criteria: * subject is allergic to wound care products used in this study. * subject has wounds with exposed blood vessels not suitable for negative pressure therapy. * pregnant or pregnancy-suspected subject. * subject actively participating in other clinical trials that conflict with the current study. * subject is unable or unwilling to comply with protocol requirements.
mataspire: mental health awareness tailored app for substance prevention and integrated resilience education

Conditions: Alcohol Use; Cannabis Use; Nicotine Use; Illicit Drug Use; Prescription Opioid Misuse

Summary: the mataspire intervention is a web-app designed to promote substance misuse prevention education and bolster protective coping skills whereby students complete six weekly interactive modules using a smart device or computer. each module is approximately 15-20 minutes long and focuses on select substances and coping strategies: (i) adaptive coping strategies, (ii) alcohol, (iii) cannabis, (iv) nicotine, (v) prescription drugs and opioids, (vi) final module. the modules are based on key theoretical constructs, behavior change strategies, and practical module components: attitudes (knowledge), perceived susceptibility (risk perceptions), and subjective norms (normative re-education). the intervention will be evaluated via a time series design using a sample of (\~1000 students) randomly assigned to either the intervention or the control conditions at a public institution in southern california.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * current cal state northridge (csun) matriculated students with active csun email * age 18 and older exclusion criteria: * not currently a csun student * csun students under the age of 18 years * have previously participated in this study * identified as having an alcohol or substance use disorder (aud or sud) as determined by the brief diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (dsm) 5 screener
usefulness of chest wall tenderness as bedside test to exclude acute coronary syndrome in different demographic groups

Conditions: Chest Pain

Summary: to determine the significance of a simple bedside clinical test (chest wall tenderness) to exclude myocardial ischemia in different demographic groups.

when a patient is presenting with acute chest pain at the er of the university hospital of zurich, the study physician in charge, who is acting simultaneously as one of four attending clinical physicians, is performing the physical examination according to routine clinical practice. the physical examination includes the testing of chest wall tenderness: palpation of chest wall tenderness in lying 30° elevation of chest position. flat index with standardized pressure where spontaneous maximum pain is reported (reproducible vs. not reproducible pain vs. no pain). negative control (right side of chest mid-clavicle intercostal 6/7), reproducible vs. not reproducible pain vs. no pain. the same physician, who is blinded for the final diagnosis at the time of the physical examination, is also recording the patient history including the study interview using the standardized study questionnaire.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: all patients over the age of 18 years presenting with the leading symptom of first time or recurrent acute chest pain in the emergency room of the department of internal medicine, university hospital of zurich. exclusion criteria: * missing informed consent. * cardiopulmonary unstable patients. * no self reported chest pain. * recent thoracic surgery within1 year, inflammatory joint disease, fibromyalgia, cardiogenic shock.
efficacy and safety of meditoxin® injection for cervical dystonia in adults with cerebral palsy

Conditions: Adult Cerebral Palsy

Summary: this study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of meditoxin® injection for cervical dystonia in adults with cerebral palsy. it is a placebo controlled, cross-over, double blind, randomized, clinical trial.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult cerebral palsy patients over 20 years old * clinically diagnosed for cervical dystonia more than a year ago * no improvement with antispasmodics for the last month * actively participated and gave informed consent exclusion criteria: * allergic to the botulinum toxin * limited range of motion in cervical spine * patients with fever, infection, cancer, uncontrollable seizure * generalized neuromuscular junction disease patients * pregnant or breast feeding women, or anticipating pregnancy until 12 weeks after the study stopped * patients enrolled in other studies * history of dose change in 4 weeks: antispasmodics, benzodiazepine, anticholinergics * botulinum toxin injection history in 6 months * previous history of intrathecal baclofen, selective peripheral denervation, deep brain stimulation * otherwise clinically non-eligible patients
my life, my healthcare

Conditions: Chronic Disease

Summary: this study is designed to answer the following questions: "is the my life, my healthcare discussion aid feasible for use in primary care? does it positively impact patient and healthcare teams' care experience and communication, while reducing patient treatment burden?" through implementation of the my life, my healthcare discussion aid for patients with chronic conditions, the study team hypothesizes that it will be feasible to implement in routine primary care practice and positively impact patient and healthcare teams experience of chronic care, while reducing patient treatment burden.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusioncriteria: particpant population will include patients 18 years of age or older who have one or more chronic conditions and do not have any barriers to consent (such as major cognitive disabilities) will be eligible for enrollment. clinicians who treat patients with chronic conditions at participating sites are eligible for enrollment. exclusion criteria: patients who do not have a chronic condition, or have barriers to consent such as cognitive impairment will be excluded from the study. health professionals who do not treat patients with chronic conditions will not be included.
evaluative research in the process of implementation of an alternative device to hospitalization for people homeless with severe psychiatric disorders

Conditions: Severe Psychiatric Disorders

Summary: the research project aims to analyze the implementation of a new health care system - "alternative device to hospitalization and crisis home for people without home" - whose objective is to provide the homeless and suffering from severe psychiatric disorders adequate care to prevent situations from seeking care or complication of their disease. this device, if it has the administrative and legal structure of the twin stop health care (lhss), is based on the original concept of "soteria house." this will build tools for evaluating the performance of care device by a process evaluation describing and analyzing what activity involves the device, this research seeks to analyze the experimental device in the early stages of its implementation. the observation and analysis of the program period will adjust the management arrangements of the device. the data and conclusions from this research will identify the contributions and benefits of such a device and analyze the difficulties encountered in its implementation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: adults without home with severe psychiatric disorders utilizing the structure, adults who master the french language exclusion criteria: adults not mastered the french language
efficacy and safety of indacaterol in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) using salmeterol as active control

Conditions: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Summary: this study evaluated the safety and efficacy of 26 weeks treatment with indacaterol, placebo or salmeterol in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: clinical diagnosis of moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) as per the global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (gold) 2006 guidelines (mandatory) and including: * smoking history of at least 20 pack years * post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second (fev1) \ or= 30% of predicted normal value * post-bronchodilator fev1/fvc \< 70% ("post" defined as within 30 minutes of inhalation of 400 µg salbutamol) exclusion criteria: * pregnant or nursing (lactating) women and women of child-bearing potential unless they meet pre-specified definitions of post-menopausal or are using pre-specified acceptable methods of contraception * hospitalisation for copd exacerbation in the 6 weeks prior to visit 1 or during run-in * patients requiring oxygen therapy for chronic hypoxemia (typically \>15h/day) * respiratory tract infection within 6 weeks prior to visit 1 and during the run-in period * concomitant pulmonary disease * asthma history (eosinophils \> 400/mm3; symptoms prior to age 40). includes history of childhood asthma * history of long qtc syndrome or qtc interval \> 450 ms for males and \>470 ms for females * patients who have a clinically significant condition or a clinically relevant laboratory abnormality * history of reactions to sympathomimetic amines or inhaled medication * inability to use the dry powder devices or perform spirometry * irregular day/night, wake/sleep cycles, e.g. shift workers * certain medications for copd and allied conditions such as long acting bronchodilators must not be used prior to visit 1 and for a pre-specified minimum washout period * patients unable or unwilling to complete a patient diary other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply.

Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, indacaterol, salmeterol, placebo controlled
fitness training in children

Conditions: Obesity; Low Fitness

Summary: we hypothesize that improvement in cardiovascular fitness is associated with a greater improvement in insulin sensitivity than improvement in body composition (loss of body fat) is associated with insulin sensitivity. towards that we are randomizing children who are overweight, or children with low fitness levels to exercise intervention 2 or three times per week.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * obesity * low fitness exclusion criteria: * diagnosis of diabetes * inability to exercise
web based tools to improve medication continuity in adolescents with adhd

Conditions: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; Adherence, Medication

Summary: medication is an efficacious treatment strategy for adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd), however use significantly declines during adolescence when the consequences of adhd are most severe (e.g. dropping out of school, delinquency, etc.). the unified theory of behavior change (utbc) has been proposed as a conceptual model to explain the mechanism underlying adhd medication adherence and to guide the development of interventions to improve the continuity of treatment. the utbc is a well-established and empirically tested model that identifies factors that influence an individual's intention to perform a behavior as well as factors that influence whether a behavior is actually carried out. indeed, the research team's preliminary data support the relevance of pre-intention factors and implementation factors for medication continuity among adolescents with adhd. currently, no evidence-based interventions target medication continuity for adolescents with adhd. the objective of this study is to test a multi-component intervention that systematically identifies and targets aspects of the utbc model most relevant for each adolescent with poor adhd medication continuity. the central hypothesis is that the tailored intervention will support adhd medication continuity. the study will objectively test the central hypothesis by conducting a randomized controlled trial among adolescents with poor medication continuity to test whether the intervention engages the mechanism underlying medication continuity and improves outcomes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * first prescribed adhd medicine more than one year prior to enrollment * treated by pediatrician at practice participating in study * filled at least one prescription for a stimulant medication in the past year exclusion criteria: * more than 80% of days covered with medicine over past one year * poor understanding level: the participant and parent cannot understand or follow instructions given in the study. * do not have reliable access to the internet at their home or another location. * parent will not permit their child to access the internet for study related activities * are not able or willing to send or receive text messages for study related activities
pilot study to assess effect of treatment and adherence in pd subjects

Conditions: Parkinson Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of imaging the brain as a diagnostic tool in the management of early parkinson's disease (pd).

the imaging drug used in this study is ioflupane (123i) injection, also referred to as datscan. datscan is fda approved.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18-80; * diagnosis of idiopathic pd exhibiting at least 2 of 3 cardinal signs (bradykinesia, rigidity and resting tremor); * maximum duration of previous exposure to anti-parkinsonian therapy being \< 8 weeks; * ability to signed informed consent; * willingness and ability to complete medication diary and questionnaires; * if a female subject of child-bearing potential, the use of an effective method of contraception. exclusion criteria: * current treatment with anti-parkinsonian medication; * previous treatment with anti-parkinsonian medication for greater than 8 weeks; * inability to complete questionnaires; * unwillingness to complete all questionnaires and medication diary; * subjects with secondary causes of parkinsonism; * participant has evidence of clinical significant thyroid disease, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, hematologic, neoplastic, endocrine, neurologic, immunodeficiency, pulmonary, or other medical or psychiatric disorder; * positive serum/urine pregnancy test at any time during the study period; * the participant has a history of alcohol, narcotic, or any other drug abuse as defined by the dsm-iv within the past 2 years; * participation in a concurrent pd trial within 60 days.

Keywords: parkinsonism idiopathic parkinson disease