Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
apply machine learning to the interpretation of urinary crystal morphology.

Conditions: Kidney Calculi

Summary: the goal of this observational study is to developing an image-based artificial intelligence software that can automatically interpret the types and sizes of crystals in urine. the main question\[s\] it aims to answer are: * allowing healthcare professionals to input urine images and receive real-time reading results on crystal types and sizes. * this aims to provide a faster, more objective, and accurate analysis of crystals. we anticipate delivering an image ai software suitable for practical applications, promoting the automation and accuracy of urine crystal analysis.

kidney stones are primarily formed due to the supersaturation of ions in urine, leading to the formation of crystals. an assessment of the risk of kidney stones is based on a patient's medical history, biochemical urine tests, and various laboratory examinations. combining these with imaging studies such as ct scans, ultrasound, and x-rays helps in diagnosing the type of kidney stones, though imaging results for smaller stones may be less accurate. stone formation is common with a high recurrence rate, and there is a strong correlation between urine crystals and stone composition. therefore, the analysis of urine crystals is meaningful for the diagnosis, evaluation of treatment strategies, and prevention of stone recurrence in kidney stone disease. microscopic analysis of urine crystals allows the observation of smaller crystals. however, manual urine microscopy is slow and time-consuming. to address this, we aim to develop artificial intelligence software to assist in the interpretation of urine crystals, providing a faster analysis. we will retrospectively analyze urine crystal images stored from previous research (chang gung memorial hospital internal project research no. 107123-e) to identify crystal types. subsequent image preprocessing and category labeling will be done to train and infer machine software. the results will be compared with manual interpretation to establish the accuracy of the software.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * retrospectively analyze the urine crystal images preserved from the previous study 107123-e for crystal type analysis. subsequently, conduct image preprocessing and label categorization for machine software learning and inference. the interpreted results will then be assessed for accuracy using statistical analysis software. exclusion criteria: * not applicable

Keywords: machine learning urinary crystal
ucon treatment of overactive bladder (oab) in males

Conditions: Urinary Incontinence; Urge Incontinence; Nocturia; Urinary Frequency More Than Once at Night; Urinary Incontinence, Urge; Incontinence, Nighttime Urinary

Summary: ucon is a medical device for treatment of the symptoms of oab and fecal incontinence (fi). it electrically stimulates the dgn through the skin to obtain modulated behaviour of the bladder musculature e.g., suppress undesired bladder activity to relieve the symptoms of the patient. this clinical investigation is a randomized, cross-over, single-site, prospective, early feasibility study, which is used to evaluate ucon with respect to its initial clinical safety and device performance in a small number of males with oab.

the purpose of the current investigation is to obtain information about the type of stimulation that ucon provide (time limited vs. urge stimulation), would be the most effective and feasible for the treatment of non-neurogenic oab symptoms in males.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subject is ≥ 18 years of age. 2. subject is male. 3. subject is diagnosed with oab 4. subject is able to communicate, provide feedback, understand and follow instructions during the course of the investigation. exclusion criteria: 1. subject is medically unstable (acute illness or complications of a chronic condition that might affect the subject's participation in the investigation). 2. subject has a post void residual (pvr) of more than 100 ml or a bladder voiding efficiency (bve) of less than 75% (measured by uroflowmetry as the ratio of voided volume (vv) and total bladder capacity (vv+pvr)). 3. subject has an active infection in the genital area incl. skin infections and urinary tract infection. 4. subject has had botulinum toxin (botox) treatment in the pelvic region within 6 months. 5. subject has used antimuscarinics or β3 agonists within 14 days weeks\*. 6. subject has an implanted pacemaker, implantable drug pump or other active medical device (any medical device that uses electrical energy or other source of power to make it function). 7. subject is enrolled or planning to enrol in another clinical investigation or was enrolled in an investigational drug study or medical device investigation within four weeks to enrolment. 8. subject has neuropathy to a degree that is presumed to diminish the effect of the electrical stimulation. 9. subject has a history of cancer in the pelvic region, are currently receiving cancer treatment, or has radiation-induced damage to the pelvic region. 10. subject has addictive behaviour defined as abuse of alcohol, cannabis, opioids, or other intoxicating drugs. 11. subject does not speak and understand dutch. * if a subject is currently being treated with antimuscarinics or β3 agonists, he is allowed to be included in the investigation, however, a washout period of 14 days is required before baseline can be established.

Keywords: urinary incontinence urge incontinence neurostimulation dorsal genital nerve nocturia
blood pressure reduction in heart failure

Conditions: Heart Failure; Cardiac Failure; Congestive Heart Failure

Summary: previous studies have demonstrated a direct association between blood pressure level and cardiovascular risk. however in patients with heart failure this association is considered controversial. the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the reduction of blood pressure in patients with heart failure. the investigators will examine the effects of this intervention over mortality, quality of life, and cardiac function.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * stable chronic heart failure for at least 6 months * ejection fraction of 40% or less, as measured by transthoracic echocardiography * optimal clinical treatment for chronic heart failure according to current international guidelines. exclusion criteria: * patient refusal * rheumatic or degenerative valvular disease * restrictive cardiomyopathy * evidence of myocardial ischemia * alcohol or drug use * malignant neoplasm * active infection * surgical intervention in the 3 previous months * lactation, childbearing or childbearing potential. * pulmonary embolism in the 6 previous months
sleep in late pregnancy - artificial intelligence development for the detection of disturbances and disorders

Conditions: Pregnancy Related; Sleep; Sleep-Disordered Breathing; Sleep Disturbance; Sleep Disorder

Summary: sleep aid4 is a single-group, single-arm, canada-wide, non-randomised, unblinded, in-home, observational study to prospectively collect and build a data set of natural sleep behaviour and physiology in maternal-fetal dyads (and bed partners, if applicable) in the third trimester of pregnancy in the home setting and subsequently investigate the feasibility of using computer vision technology (cvt) to monitor sleep during and across the third trimester of pregnancy in the home setting for research purposes by eliciting participants' attitudes toward cvt and training, validating, and testing a cvt model to accurately, unobtrusively, non-invasively, and objectively detect and quantify various sleep behaviours, disturbances, and disorders.


Eligibility criteria:
participant inclusion criteria: * healthy (see american society of anesthesiologists physical status \[asa-ps\] classification; participant must be asa-ps class ii or lesser) * have a singleton pregnancy * be in the third trimester (gestational age between 28 weeks and 0 days through 40 weeks and 6 days, inclusive, by first-trimester ultrasound) * live in a home with a 2.4 ghz wi-fi network * sleep in a bed at night (i.e., not a la-z-boy chair or similar) participant's bed partner (if applicable) inclusion criteria: * sleep in the same bed as the pregnant study participant. * healthy (see american society of anesthesiologists physical status \[asa-ps\] classification; participant must be asa-ps class ii or lesser) participant exclusion criteria: * non-english speaking, reading, or writing * asa-ps class iii or greater participant's bed partner (if applicable) exclusion criteria: * non-english speaking, reading, or writing * asa-ps class iii or greater
stimulating catheter for lumbar plexus

Conditions: Knee Arthritis Disease

Summary: stimulating catheters have been introduced to reduce the incidence of secondary failure after continuous peripheral nerve blocks, but they effectiveness over traditional nonstimulating catheters is still controversial. furthermore no volume-response study has compared the success rates of the two techniques for continuous lumbar plexus block. the aim of this prospective, randomized, blinded study is to detect if stimulating catheters decrease the minimal effective volume (meav) of 1.5% mepivacaine required for successful lumbar plexus block (lpb) in 50% of patients compared with conventional non-stimulating catheters.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty exclusion criteria: * diabetes * coagulation disorders * allergy to local anesthetic

Keywords: total knee arthroplasty lumbar plexus block stimulating catheters peripheral nerve blocks
sugarfact - sugar requirements for african children trial

Conditions: Hypoglycemia Non Diabetics; Emergencies; Pediatric ALL; Critical Illness

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of dextrose administration in severely sick children admitted to hospital with low-glycaemia. the problem: mortality in children remains high in sub-saharan african hospitals. while antimalarial drugs, antibiotics and other definitive treatments are well understood, the role of emergency care with supportive therapies such as maintaining normal glucose and electrolyte balances, has been given limited attention. hypoglycaemia is common in children admitted to hospital in low-income settings. the current definition of hypoglycaemia is a blood glucose level of less than 2.5mmol/l. outcomes for these children are poor, with a mortality rate of up to 42%. an increased mortality has also been reported among acutely ill children with low-glycaemia, defined as a blood glucose level of 2.5-5.0mmol/l. the reason for increased mortality rates is not fully understood. study objective: to determine the impact on mortality of a raised treatment cut-off level for paediatric hypoglycaemia, from 2.5mmol/l to 5.0mmol/l. methodology: severely ill children admitted to two central malawian hospitals; queen elisabeth central hospital, blantyre and zomba central hospital, with low-glycaemia (2.5-5.0mmol/l) will be randomised into intervention or control groups. the intervention group will be treated with an intravenous bolus of 10% dextrose 5ml/kg followed by a dextrose infusion in addition to standard care while the control group will receive standard care only. children will be followed until discharge from hospital or death. primary end-point is in-hospital mortality.

enrolment started at queen elisabeth central hospital on dec 5th 2016. due to a slow enrolment rate a second site at zomba central hospital has been opened to start enrolment on october 17th, 2017 in order for the project to be completed in december 2019.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between one month to 5 years (5 to 12 years for outcome measure no 3) * parent/carer willing and able to give consent * presence of one or several emergency signs (as defined in who pocket book of hospital care for children) * obstructed or absent breathing * central cyanosis * severe respiratory distress * shock/impaired perfusion * coma/reduced consciousness * convulsions * severe dehydration * clinical concern that the child is in an emergency state * blood glucose 2.5-5.0mmol/l at arrival to the emergency department (3.0-5.0mmol/l for severely malnourished children). for outcome measure no 4 children with \<2.5 mmol/l on arrival who then have 2.5-5.0 mmol/l on the repeat test 30 minutes later are also included exclusion criteria: * children with a known diagnosis of diabetes * refusal to participate by the child or guardians

Keywords: pediatric critical illness malawi
continuous hemoglobin monitoring: detection of acute blood loss - accurate, timely and cost-effective

Conditions: Bleeding; Acute Blood Loss Anemia

Summary: the purpose of the study is to determine whether noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring is sensitive and accurate enough to detect a significant downward trend in hemoglobin in patients at risk for significant bleeding. if this can be shown, it has the potential to spare patients multiple invasive blood draws as well as allow for earlier detection of significant blood loss and therefore positively impact on patient morbidity and mortality. additionally, it may represent significant financial cost savings in that it may allow for patients to be monitored in a non-intensive care unit setting. this will be an observational study. the continuous hemoglobin monitor will be connected to the patient and hemoglobin measurement data will be collected. routine laboratory hemoglobin monitoring will occur concurrently at a pre-specified frequency as well as at the physician's discretion based on usual clinical information. the physician will be blinded to the continuous hemoglobin monitoring readings and therefore patient care will not be affected by the use of the monitor. once the study has ended, the data will then be analyzed to assess for correlation between continuous hemoglobin monitoring readings and laboratory hemoglobin measurement.

no recruitment initiated

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * \> 18 years of age * admission to surgical intensive care unit * suspected or high risk for ongoing blood loss exclusion criteria: -

Keywords: bleeding blood loss hemoglobin hemoglobin monitoring noninvasive monitoring
number of necessary paints of preoperative skin disinfection to prevent surgical site infections

Conditions: Surgical Site Infection

Summary: this observational study investigates whether 3 paints are superior compared to 2 paints in reducing microbial skin counts in the disinfection area of cardiac and abdominal surgery patients.

surgical site infection (ssi) remain the most common nosocomial infection in surgical departments. preparation of the skin with disinfectants belongs to the standard of care prior to any surgical intervention but disinfection practices are heterogeneous across different hospitals and countries. although the efficacy and effectiveness of preoperative surgical site preparation is dependent on both the antiseptic agent used and the application method, it is unclear how many paints of an antiseptic are needed to ensure adequate infection protection. an adequately powered study including different standard antiseptic agents (i.e. chlorhexidine in alcohol (chx) and povidone iodine in alcohol (pi)) is therefore required to compare the protective effect of different numbers of paints.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery at the study site * adult patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery at the study site * provision of informed consent exclusion criteria: * pregnancy reported by patient * emergency (non-elective) surgical interventions * contraindications to the use of either one of the compounds: alcoholic chx; alcoholic pi * skin or other hypersensitivity reactions during the disinfection process

Keywords: colony forming units preoperative skin disinfection microbial skin counts
drug-drug interaction (ddi) w/ketoconazole or fluconazole

Conditions: Alzheimer Disease

Summary: the purpose of the study is to determine if the concomitant administration of either ketoconazole or fluconazole with bms-708163 will affect the pk of bms-708163 and to assess safety and tolerability of bms-708163


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy male and postmenopausal female subjects 18-55 yrs old inclusive exclusion: * premenopausal women
intrathecal chloroprocaine vs. bupivacaine for cervical cerclage

Conditions: Cervical Incompetence

Summary: this study aims to compare the effect of chloroprocaine vs. bupivacaine on duration of motor block and duration until meeting discharge criteria in patients undergoing cervical cerclage. the hypothesis is that chloroprocaine will result in faster resolution of motor block.

cervical cerclage is an ambulatory surgical procedure of short duration commonly performed under spinal anesthesia. bupivaciane and chlororpocaine are both commonly used, but how their use impacts clinical care, in particular patient flow, is not well studied. this is a prospective, randomized, double blind, controlled trial. participants meeting inclusion criteria will be randomly allocated to receive spinal anesthesia with either chloroprocaine or bupivacaine. patients will then be assessed for motor block and sensory level until they are discharged from the recovery room.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * asa classification ii or iii females * age: 18-45 years old * bmi ≤ 50 kg/m2 * singleton pregnancy * simple prophylactic cervical cerclage * planning neuraxial anesthesia exclusion criteria: * abdominal and complex cervical cerclage (e.g. bulging bag) * contraindication to neuraxial anesthesia * known hypersensitivity to chloroprocaine (a.k.a. ester allergy), paraaminobenzoic acid (paba) or bupivacaine (a.k.a. amide allergy) * pseudocholinesterase deficiency * concomitant use with ergot-type oxytocic drugs

Keywords: cervical cerclage bupivacaine chloroprocaine spinal anesthesia
indication-based identification and psychosocial treatment of orthopedic cancer patients

Conditions: Psychological Distress

Summary: aim of this study is to develop and establish an indication-based algorithm for identifying particular stress patterns of patients with initial diagnosis of a sarcoma or a metastatic bone disease. a further aim was the establishment of an adequate psychosocial treatment within the clinical workday routine to support coping with illness and treatment.

aim of this study is to develop and establish an indication-based algorithm for identifying particular stress patterns of patients with initial diagnosis of a sarcoma or a metastatic bone disease. a further aim was the establishment of an adequate psychosocial treatment within the clinical workday routine to support coping with illness and treatment. methods: patients with histologically assured sarcoma or metastatic bone disease are psycho-oncologically screened by a common cancer specific expert rating scale (po-bado: basic documentation for psycho-oncology, 6 items) at the time of admission before tumor resection. in the same line patients were asked to answer two standardized self-rating questionaires, namely the fbk-r10 (questionaire for psychosocial burden of cancer patients, 10 items) and a modified form of the phq (patient health questionaire, 2 items) to assess patients' burden of disease as well as the presence of depressive mood. cancer patients exceeding a defined critical po-bado cut-off value (a minimum of 2 items scoring 3 or 1 item scoring 4) are expected to require psychosocial support and a psychosocial consultation/co-treatment iss initiated. to evaluate short-term effects of the psycho-social treatment the cancer-specific screening is repeated (po-bado, fbk-r10, phq) before discharge from the hospital. all diagnostic findings as well as a specific recommendation for the continuing treatment are integrated into the orthopedic discharge letter. furthermore, all findings are shown and factored for decision making within the interdisciplinary musculoskeletal tumor board. for appraisal of treatment-based long-term effects the psycho-oncological screening is repeated within the orthopedic aftercare examinations 3 and 6 months postoperatively.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age older than 18 * initial diagnosis of a histologically assured sarcoma or metastatic bone disease exclusion criteria: * age younger than 18 * benign tumors * patients with known sarcoma or metastatic bone disease * patients with known other tumors * fundamental neurological and psychiatric disorders * prisoners * patients with guardianship

Keywords: sarcoma distress tumor quality of life cancer
n-acetylcysteine (nac) for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder

Conditions: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Summary: pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd) affects 1-3% of children. the investigators currently have effective first-line interventions for pediatric ocd such as cognitive behavioral therapy (cbt) and pharmacotherapy with serotonin reuptake inhibitors (sris). however, roughly half of children with ocd still have clinically significant ocd symptoms despite treatment with first-line pharmacological treatments and cbt interventions for ocd. furthermore, all pharmacological treatments for ocd in children have an increased side effect burden when compared to adults. novel treatments for children with ocd are needed. n-acetylcysteine (nac) is a natural supplement that acts as an antioxidant and a glutamate modulating agent. nac has been used safely for decades in doses 20-40 times higher than in this trial as an antidote for acetaminophen overdose. the only side-effect commonly seen with nac is nausea and this side-effect is seldom seen in the doses used in this trial. nac has recently been demonstrated to be effective in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in adults with trichotillomania (chronic hair pulling). trichotillomania is an obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorder that is hypothesized to be closely related to ocd. in other trials nac has evidence of some efficacy in treating diverse psychiatric conditions such as bipolar depression, schizophrenia and cocaine dependence. the investigators are conducting this trial to determine if nac is effective in treating ocd.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children aged 8-17 years. * primary diagnosis of ocd. * duration of ocd greater than 6 months. * significant current ocd symptoms: current cy-bocs score \> or = 16. exclusion criteria: * comorbid bipolar disorder, psychotic disorder, substance use disorder, developmental disorder or mental retardation (iq\<70). * recent change (less than 4 weeks) in medications that have potential effects on ocd severity (such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, clomipramine, naltrexone, lithium, psychostimulants, anxiolytics, or antipsychotics). medication change is defined to include either dose changes or medication discontinuation. * recent change in behavioral treatment for ocd or comorbid conditions within the last 4 weeks or initiation of behavioral therapy for tics within the last 12 weeks. * asthma requiring medication use within the last 3 months (case reports have linked intravenous nac administration with asthma exacerbation) * known hypersensitivity or previous anaphylactoid reaction to acetylcysteine or any components in its preparation. * positive pregnancy test or drug screening test. * previous use of n-acetylcysteine (dose greater than 600mg for more than 2 weeks). * previous history or suspicion of cystinuria because of a possibility of forming kidney stones.

Keywords: obsessive-compulsive disorder ocd