safety study of fenretinide in adult patients with cystic fibrosis

Conditions: Cystic Fibrosis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the safety and tolerability of ascending doses of a novel oral formulation of fenretinide to adult cystic fibrosis (cf) patients, once-daily for 21 days (treatment cycle). this study will include up to three (3) dose levels with minimum 7 day breaks in between treatment cycles. for each dose level, blood samples will be collected for exploratory pharmacokinetic (pk) and pharmacodynamic (pd) evaluation.

patients with cystic fibrosis have an innate imbalance of essential fatty acids, with increased arachidonic acid (aa) levels, decreased docosahexanoic acid (dha) levels, and elevated aa/dha ratio. an increasing amount of evidence suggests that this lipid imbalance is a primary effect in cf, playing a major role in the infection-inflammation vicious cycle that leads to respiratory failure. fenretinide, a derivative of vitamin a, was shown to correct the aa/dha imbalance in lungs and blood plasma in specific animal model of cf, resulting in reduced lung inflammation and decrease in the severity of pulmonary infections with pseudomonas aeruginosa. this is a single center, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase 1 clinical study to evaluate the safety and tolerability of up to 3 increasing oral doses of fenretinide compared to placebo, and to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of fenretinide in adult cf patients chronically infected with pseudomonas aeruginosa. a single cohort of 16 clinically stable adult patients will be randomized to either fenretinide or placebo, in a 3:1 randomization scheme (12 active, 4 placebo).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * signed informed consent * males or females * 18 years and older * diagnosis: patients must have a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (positive sweat chloride test) or confirmation of two genetic mutations, one mutation on each of the two alleles of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr) gene causing cystic fibrosis * chronic cystic fibrosis lung disease with baseline forced exploratory volume in one second equal or superior to 40% predicted value for age, gender and height * clinically stable patients will be enrolled in the study, i.e. stable at least one month after successful treatment of pulmonary exacerbation * chronic pulmonary pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization and/or infection (sustained microbiological evidence from sputum for the past 6 months, prior to enrollment) * pancreatic function: patient must take pancrelipase supplementation if diagnosed with pancreatic insufficiency as prescribed by a physician. enzyme supplementation should not be modified during the trial * female patients should be on an effective contraceptive method during the study. exclusion criteria: * pregnancy : due to the potential teratogenic effects of retinoids, pregnant women are not eligible * breastfeeding by study patient is not allowed * clinically abnormal renal function: serum creatinine \> 132 micromoles/l * clinically abnormal liver function: total bilirubin \>1.5 x upper limit of the normal range (uln), alanine aminotransferase (alt) and/or aspartate aminotransferase (ast) \> 3 x uln and alkaline phosphatase (alp) \> 2 x uln * known history of a severe allergy or sensitivity to retinoids * presence of a cancerous tumor, active or in remission, treated or not * presence of nyctalopia or hemeralopia at enrolment, or any other serious retinal, ophthalmological condition (eg: retinitis pigmentosa, choroidoretinitis and xerophthalmia), including glaucoma * presence of serious dermatological conditions at entry, including inflammatory or xerotic pathologies such as psoriasis or ichthyosis * prior therapy with fenretinide. other retinoids (eg: vitamin a supplements) are allowed, but their dosing regimen should remain constant throughout the study * participation in another drug clinical trial within 30 days prior to the enrollment * patients who, in the opinion of the investigator, may not be able to comply with the safety monitoring requirements of the study * patients unable to comply with the study protocol and follow-up schedule for any psychological, familial, sociological or geographical reason. * patients with known allergies to excipients in the oral capsule formulation proposed to be used in the study