Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effectiveness of a smoking cessation algorithm integrated into hiv primary care

Conditions: HIV; AIDS; Smoking Cessation

Summary: to determine the efficacy of an algorithm designed to recommend smoking cessation-related pharmacotherapy options to the primary care providers of smokers living with hiv/aids.

smoking remains the leading cause of preventable death and disability in the united states. whereas smoking has declined significantly among individuals in the general population, it is clustered in populations of vulnerable individuals such as people living with hiv/aids (plwh) in whom smoking prevalence rates and resulting comorbidity rates remain high. medical advances in the treatment of hiv have resulted in substantial increases in life expectancy among plwh and as a consequence plwh smokers are now, more than ever, at heightened risk for tobacco-related illnesses and death. plwh smokers engaged in treatment lose more years of life due to smoking now than to hiv disease. although plwh smokers engaged in hiv care typically see a medical provider every 4-6 months, smoking cessation treatment and referral is often not part of routine hiv care. while 94% of hiv treatment providers indicated that they would be willing to provide smoking cessation services to their patients, few have received training in how to provide smoking cessation services. with seven first line pharmacotherapies available for smoking cessation, development of algorithms to assist providers in selecting the most appropriate pharmacotherapy is an important but untested strategy to increase smoking cessation in plwh. the purpose of this proposal is to conduct a mixed efficacy/effectiveness trial comparing an algorithm treatment with prescription cost off sets and quit line referral (at) to an enhanced treatment as usual (quit line referral only; etau) group. six hundred plwh smokers will be recruited at the university of alabama at birmingham, university of washington, and fenway health hiv clinics and will be randomized to receive at or etau. all at smokers will receive active treatment for twelve weeks regardless of stated motivation or intention to quit. etau smokers will be referred to quit line services and hiv providers may elect to treat smoking as part of standard of care. participants will remain in the study for 12 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. enrollment in the cnics clinical cohort. 2. 18 years or older; 3. receiving hiv care at the uab, uw or fenway health clinics and not anticipating changing clinics over the next six months 4. smoking greater than or equal to 5 cigarettes per day (cpd) for the past month 5. living in an unrestricted environment that allows smoking. exclusion criteria: 1. cognitive impairment such that unable to provide informed consent; 2. non-english speaking; 3. acutely suicidal, manic, acutely intoxicated, or otherwise not stable enough to provide informed consent; 4. currently receiving smoking cessation treatment.
integrative analysis of tumor, microenvironment, immunity and patient expectation for personalized response prediction in gastric cancer

Conditions: Gastric Cancer

Summary: multicentric, exploratory, non-pharmacologic, retrospective/prospective, translational study aiming to identify the molecular, cellular and psychological-sociological variables predictive of response to chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients.

gastric cancer (gc) is a complex disease that represents the fifth most common malignancy in the world and the third leading cause of cancer death in both sexes. chemotherapy (ct) combined with surgery represents the standard of care for stages ii-iii gc, but the efficacy of such treatments is still limited for many patients. it is mandatory to develop novel strategies aimed at identifying predictive markers, as well as deciphering the impact of the psychological-social and cultural environment of each patient on the outcome. grammy study proposes a novel interdisciplinary approach integrating high impact basic, translational and psychological/sociological research towards developing an optimized patient stratification tool for the early prediction of therapy-resistant gc patient groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with diagnosis of histologically confirmed, potentially resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach (gc) or the gastric-esophageal junction (gej) treated with the standard regimens (5-fluoro-uracil or capecitabine + oxaliplatin +/- docetaxel) * participant is willing and able to give informed consent for participation in the study (prospective and retrospective cohort) or substitutive informed consent declaration form will be subscribed by the pi for patients that are not reachable * male or female, aged \>18 years * availability of tissue samples and clinico-pathological data for retrospective cohort exclusion criteria: * age \< 18 years * early gastric cancer and t2 (if n0) * linitis plastica * positive peritoneal cytology or peritoneal involvement * distant metastases * patient refusal to participate * patient refusal to the use of their own samples for research * patient withdrawing from treatment plan whilst under therapy due to patient co-morbidities or failure to comply with clinical counselling * patients with underlying pathologies rendering sampling of biological material either as endangering patient's clinical status or as unusable * patients with mental illness hindering the capacity to provide precise information in questionnaires or successfully comply with caregiver's recommendations

Keywords: gastric cancer, chemotherapy, response, personalized medicine
intravenous metoprolol versus intravenous amiodarone in the prevention of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery

Conditions: Atrial Fibrillation; Cardiac Surgery

Summary: the aim of the study is to test the efficiency of intravenous administration of metoprolol versus intravenous administration of amiodarone in the prevention of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * elective cabg and aortic valve patients in cardiac surgery, * previous use of betablocker therapy exclusion criteria: * previous atrial fibrillation or flutter, * thyroid disease, * uncontrolled heart failure, * ii or iii degree atrioventricular block

Keywords: prevention
study to evaluate imatinib in desmoid tumors

Conditions: Aggressive Fibromatosis; Desmoid Tumor

Summary: the objective of the present study is to evaluate the activity and safety of imatinib in patients with aggressive fibromatosis who, after receiving the standard therapy, show an inoperable recurrent tumor or disease not readily controllable by surgery or radiotherapy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with histological confirmed aggressive fibromatosis (desmoid tumor) * measurable disease according to the recist criteria * evidence of relapse or disease progression within the last 6 months (based on recist criteria) in computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging * no possibility of complete surgical resection or cases in which surgical therapy leaving a large tissue defect, functional deficit or disfigurement would be required * no possibility of curative radiotherapy with acceptable toxicity and/or late morbidity * previous treatment of the tumor region by surgical intervention and/or radiotherapy and/or antihormonal therapy possible * age \> or = 18 years * who ps \< or = 1 * effective contraception during study medication * signed informed consent form exclusion criteria: * surgical intervention \< 4 weeks * prior therapy with imatinib * pregnancy or lactation * severe hepatic dysfunction * known allergic reaction to imatinib or one of its components * the following laboratory values: absolute neutrophil count \ or = 2.5 mg/dl, sgot and/or sgpt \> 2.5 x uln (upper limit of normal), total bilirubin \> 1.5 x uln * participation in another study (four weeks before and during the study) * prior malignancy apart from completely resected basal cell carcinoma of the skin or carcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix
interaction between genetic factors and maternal stressors during pregnancy in the risk of postpartum depression

Conditions: Postpartum Depression

Summary: "the prevalence of postpartum depression (ppd) is approximately 13%. ppd is associated with a higher maternal morbidity and mortality, and also with pervasive effects on the emotional, cognitive and behavioral development of the infant. stressful life events, socio-demographic and obstetrical risk factors have been associated with the risk of ppd. genetics risk factors of ppd have also been identified. we are presently studying for the first time how maternal stressors may interact with genetic factors to increase the risk of ppd (gene x environment interaction)".

"the prevalence of postpartum depression (ppd) is approximately 13%. ppd is associated with a higher maternal morbidity and mortality, and also with pervasive effects on the emotional, cognitive and behavioral development of the infant. stressful life events, socio-demographic and obstetrical risk factors have been associated with the risk of ppd. genetics risk factors of ppd have also been identified. we are presently studying for the first time how maternal stressors may interact with genetic factors to increase the risk of ppd (gene x environment interaction). we want first to analyze the allelic association between snps of 5-ht, hpa and neurodevelopment genes and ppd with a case control association study we then analyse the interaction between maternal stressors during pregnancy and snps of our candidate genes (crhr1, 5-htt, tph, bdnf, hmcn1). 3000 caucasian mothers are included after pregnancy in 8 maternities and are evaluated at the inclusion, at 8 weeks and at 1 year with digs, fisc, epds and had, stressful life events (paykel). blood are collected for all subjects for dna extraction. at week 8 and 1 year after pregnancy we search ppd with edps and dsm-iv criteria of depression".

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * caucasian mothers included after pregnancy (j0-j4) exclusion criteria: * age \<18 years old, schizophrenia or mental retardation
efficacy of mesotherapy added to intra-articular platelet-rich plasma (prp) in patients with knee osteoarthritis

Conditions: Osteo Arthritis Knee

Summary: in this study, the investigators aimed to determine whether platelet rich plasma (prp) and mesotherapy combined treatment is effective on pain and function compared to prp alone in patients with knee osteoarthritis (oa).

42 patients diagnosed with knee oa according to the criteria of the american college of rheumatology (acr) (15) who applied to physical medicine and rehabilitation outpatient clinic will be recruited. patients' age, gender, occupation, medications, duration of diagnosis, body mass index, comorbidity, functional status and pain will be questioned. after the participants are informed about the study, their consent will be obtained. patients will be randomized using a random numbers table. the first group will receive intra-articular prp therapy. the second group will receive mesotherapy treatment in addition to prp treatment. group 1: intra-articular prp: for prp treatment, 8 ml of peripheral blood will be taken from the patient and centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 8 minutes. then, 3-4 ml of prp will be taken and used for intra-articular injection (16). patients will receive a single session of prp treatment. group 2: intra-articular prp + periarticular mesotherapy in addition to single session prp treatment, patients will receive 3 weeks of mesotherapy treatment once a week (the first session will be with prp treatment). sterile and disposable needle tip (0.26mm × 4mm and 0.3mm × 13 mm, terumo) will be used in mesotherapy. patients will be administered 1.5 ml of 2% lidocaine, 1.5 ml of 30 mg of pentoxifylline. among the injection techniques, profundal intradermic injection (idp, injection depth: 2-4 mm) and superficial intradermic injection (ids, injection depth: 1-2 mm) will be used (14). all patients will be evaluated with the following evaluation parameters before the treatment, at the 1st month and at the 3rd month after the treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged 40-80 years * to be diagnosed with knee oa according to the diagnosis of acr * ability to give informed consent exclusion criteria: * history or symptoms of lower extremity surgery, ligament injury, balance disorder or lower extremity injury in the last 6 months * allergic to lidocaine, other local anesthetics and pentoxifylline * intra and periarticular injection in the last 3 months * use of nsaids for pain relief in the past 7 days * presence of local or systemic infection * cancer history * heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia * bleeding diathesis, antiaggregant, anticoagulant use * cerebral hemorrhage * pregnancy or breastfeeding * presence of psychiatric or neurological disease affecting cooperation, cognitive and neurological functions * inability to complete the survey

Keywords: mesotherapy platelet-rich plasma osteo arthritis knee
follow-up of glypressin (terlipressin) clinical efficacy in the treatment of bleeding oesophageal varices

Conditions: Gastrointestinal Bleeding; Oesophageal Varices

Summary: terlipressin is an effective and safe treatment for bleeding caused by rupture of oesophageal varices, which are life-threatening complications of liver cirrhosis. oesophageal varices are abnormal dilatation of veins occurring in the lower oesophagus, which can develop in patients with cirrhosis. bleeding caused by rupture of these varices is a life-threatening complication with mortality between 20-50%. such bleeding can be treated with drug therapy and/or endoscopic; endoscopic therapy consists of a flexible tube equipped with a camera at the terminal end, allowing for visualizing and treating the oesophageal varices. in this study, investigators will evaluate the safety and efficacy of terlipressin - glypressin 1 mg, powder and solvent for solution for injection. the non-interventional observational study "follow-up of glypressin (terlipressin) clinical efficacy in the treatment of bleeding oesophageal varices" aims to demonstrate that administration of glypressin (terlipressin 1 mg) controls the bleeding in such patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * eligible patients that present an important upper gastrointestinal bleeding, being suspected or diagnosed of liver cirrhosis, with bleeding oesophageal varices visualized endoscopically. (an important upper gastrointestinal bleeding is one requiring at least 2 units/24h of transfused blood). exclusion criteria: * septic shock * patients with recent history of coronary insufficiency * uncontrolled arterial hypertension * chronic respiratory failure * symptomatic arteritis * chronic renal failure * pregnant women * hypersensitivity to terlipressin * patients with body weight below 55 kg
effect of panitumumab on the pharmacokinetics of irinotecan

Conditions: Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Summary: the primary objective of this study is to determine if panitumumab affects the pharmacokinetic (pk) profile of irinotecan.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pathologically confirmed unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mcrc) which has progressed on at least one prior 5-fluorouracil (5fu)-containing chemotherapy regimen * eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) performance status of 0, 1, or 2 * life expectancy of ≥ 3 months as documented by the investigator * baseline actual body weight ≤ 160 kg * competent to comprehend, sign, and date a written institutional review board (irb) approved informed consent form before any study-specific procedures are performed exclusion criteria: * treatment with radiotherapy ≤ 14 days before enrollment. patients must have recovered from all radiotherapy-related toxicities * known presence of central nervous systems (cns) metastases * any prior malignancy (except for non-melanomatous skin cancer or in situ cervical cancer) other than the study disease, unless treated with curative intent with no evidence of disease ≤ 2 years before enrollment * history of interstitial lung disease (eg, pneumonitis or pulmonary fibrosis) or evidence of interstitial lung disease on baseline chest computed tomography (ct) scan * active inflammatory bowel disease or other bowel disease causing chronic diarrhea (defined as \> common terminology criteria for adverse events (ctcae version 3) grade 2 * clinically significant cardiovascular disease (including myocardial infarction, unstable angina, symptomatic congestive heart failure, serious uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia) ≤ 1 year before enrollment * ugt1a1\*28 ta7/7, ta7/8, ta8/8 genetic polymorphisms; gilbert's disease * treatment with cyp3a4 enzyme inhibiting or inducing medications ≤ 2 weeks before enrollment * prior anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr) antibody therapy (eg, cetuximab) or treatment with small molecule egfr inhibitors (eg, gefitinib, erlotinib, lapatinib) * systemic chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, immunotherapy, or experimental or approved proteins/antibodies (eg, bevacizumab) ≤ 30 days before enrollment * subjects requiring immunosuppressive agents (eg, methotrexate and cyclosporine), however corticosteroids are allowed * major surgery \< 28 days prior to enrollment or minor surgery (excluding catheter placement) \< 14 days before enrollment

Keywords: colorectal cancer chemotherapy cancer metastatic irinotecan egfr epidermal growth factor
efficacy of bilateral modified catheter antegrade cerebral perfusion in acute type a aortic dissection surgery

Conditions: Acute Type A Aortic Dissection

Summary: this retrospective cohort study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a bilateral modified catheter antegrade cerebral perfusion (modified bacp) technique in acute type a aortic dissection surgery. medical records from january 1, 2021, through october 31, 2024, at china medical university hospital will be reviewed. the primary outcomes include in-hospital mortality and stroke rate, while secondary outcomes include icu/hospital stay, mechanical ventilation duration, and other postoperative complications (e.g., acute kidney injury, sepsis, myocardial infarction).

background and rationale acute type a aortic dissection (ataad) is a life-threatening condition requiring urgent surgical repair. prolonged circulatory arrest increases the risk of neurological complications. bilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion (bacp) has shown potential to reduce ischemic injury. however, conventional bacp requires additional surgical access. this study examines a modified bacp approach that may reduce surgical trauma while maintaining adequate cerebral perfusion. objectives this retrospective cohort study evaluates whether modified bacp improves postoperative outcomes compared to conventional perfusion strategies in ataad surgery at china medical university hospital (2021/1/1-2024/10/31). methods we will collect and analyze medical records of adult patients who underwent ataad repair, comparing those who received modified bacp to those managed with conventional perfusion. outcome measures primary outcomes: in-hospital mortality 30-day mortality secondary outcomes: hospital length of stay (day) icu length of stay (day) mechanical ventilation duration (hours) need for tracheostomy stroke postoperative neurological deficit paraplegia coma atrial fibrillation (af) myocardial infarction acute kidney injury (aki) dialysis requirement reoperation for bleeding sepsis significance this study aims to provide comprehensive data on the safety and efficacy of modified bacp in ataad surgery, potentially improving neurological protection and reducing other major complications and resource utilization. the findings may guide clinical practice and inform future protocol developments.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults (≥ 18 years old) who underwent acute type a aortic dissection repair at china medical university hospital between january 1, 2021, and october 31, 2024. exclusion criteria: * preexisting severe neurological impairment (e.g., stroke or other major neurological deficits before surgery). * age \< 18 years. * pregnant patients. * insufficient or missing medical records preventing data analysis.

Keywords: bilateral catheter antegrade cerebral perfusion acute type a aortic dissection neurological complications modified bacp retrospective cohort
monitoring of visual axis opacification under non-clinical settings

Conditions: Cataract

Summary: the incidence rate of postoperative capsular opacification (pco) in children after cataract surgery is reported to be as high as 100%, while timely nd: yag laser posterior capsulotomy is effective to treat visual axis opacification (vao) caused by pco. therefore, long-term follow-up, timely diagnosis and treatment is important to improve patient's outcome. the major and central part of lens is easy to be observed through a dilated pupil. especially, opacification in the lens and/or lens capsule is distinctive showing as "white" on the "black" background. the characteristic features of the disease and advances in photographic technique with mobile phone make it possible for patients and/or their guardians to monitor the progress of cataract or pco with mobile application in a "self-help" manner under non-clinical settings.

the incidence rate of postoperative capsular opacification (pco) in children after cataract surgery is reported to be as high as 100%, while timely nd: yag laser posterior capsulotomy is effective to treat visual axis opacification (vao) caused by pco. therefore, long-term follow-up, timely diagnosis and treatment is important to improve patient's outcome. the major and central part of lens is easy to be observed through a dilated pupil. especially, opacification in the lens and/or lens capsule is distinctive showing as "white" on the "black" background. the characteristic features of the disease and advances in photographic technique with mobile phone make it possible for patients and/or their guardians to monitor the progress of cataract or pco with mobile application in a "self-help" manner under non-clinical settings. in this way, patients and/or guardians could adjust the time of return to clinical follow-up visit accordingly. furthermore, standardized and analyzed pictures could be sent to clinicians for remote diagnosis when necessary. the investigators developed a mobile phone application lenzoc. the investigators aimed to assess whether mobile phone application for parents of children with cataracts would improve their adherence with follow-up and increase rates of timely detection and management of treatable conditions such as posterior capsular opacification (pco).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children after cataract surgery for more than 1 year without any postoperative complications * without other ocular abnormality * parents owned a smart mobile phone that meets the requirements for installation of the lenzoc * written informed consents provided exclusion criteria: * intraocular pressure \>21 mmhg * pre-existing ocular diseases including but not restricted to: glucoma micro-cornea micro-ophthalmic diseases of post-segment that might lead to vao

Keywords: telemedicine