Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
modification of alternative reward cue reactivity and cognitive control through physical activity in human tobacco use disorder

Conditions: Healthy; Tobacco Use Disorder

Summary: this study investigates the mechanisms, through which physical exercise impacts positively on abstinence in tobacco use disorder, with fmri and behavioral tests.

this study will test the hypothesis that physical exercise training modifies alternative reward cue reactivity and cognitive control in tobacco use disorder and that these modifications mediate the effect of exercise on abstinence. continued physical exercise training was shown to reduce tobacco consumption and prevent relapse in tobacco use disorder (tud). however, the psychological and neural mechanisms through which exercise training exerts its effects on tobacco consumption are not clear. the aim of this project is to identify the effects of a 12-week aerobic exercise training in tud and to test how these exercise-related changes may mediate the effect of exercise training on abstinence. investigations will focus on two potential mechanisms of regaining control: (1) modifications of tobacco and alternative reward cue reactivity and (2) improvement of cognitive control. two aspects of cognitive control will be addressed: inhibitory control and cognitive down-regulation of craving. it is expected, first, that exercise training (compared to standard treatment) leads to desensitization towards tobacco cues and sensitization towards alternative reward cues, reflected in altered craving and neural (fmri) cue reactivity. second, it is expected that exercise training will lead to increased cognitive control (i.e., inhibitory control and cognitive down-regulation of craving), reflected in increased activation of prefrontal control regions (fmri). third, it is expected that effects of exercise on abstinence will be mediated by sensitization towards alternative reward cues and enhanced cognitive control. in an exploratory manner, gender differences in the effects of exercise training will be studied. understanding the psychological and neural underpinnings will help to optimize and individualize exercise trainings in tud.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * tobacco use disorder according to dsm-5 * right-handedness * sufficient ability to communicate with investigators * ability to provide informed consent and to use self-rating scales * seeking treatment for tud * no contra-indication for aerobic exercise exclusion criteria: * severe internal or neurological comorbidities * axis i mental disorders other than tud (except for mild depression, adjustment disorder and specific phobias) in the last 12 months according to dsm-5 * history of brain injury * pregnancy * exclusion criteria for mri * positive drug screening (opioids, benzodiazepines, cocaine, amphetamines) * psychotropic medication within the last 14 days

Keywords: tobacco use disorder fmri physical exercise reward system cognitive control
multicenter study of the efficacy and safety of luliconazole cream in tinea pedis (athlete's foot)

Conditions: Tinea Pedis

Summary: to examine the safety and optimal duration of luliconazole cream 1% treatments for 14 days or 28 days to achieve "complete clearance" at 2 weeks post treatment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subjects of either gender must be 12 years of age or older. 2. subjects with a clinical diagnosis of interdigital tinea pedis on one or both feet characterized by clinical evidence of a tinea infection (at least moderate erythema, moderate scaling, and mild pruritus) based on signs and symptoms. 3. subjects with a mycological diagnosis of interdigital tinea pedis confirmed by the detection of fungal hyphae on a microscopic koh wet mount 4. females of child-bearing potential must have a negative urine pregnancy test and must agree to use an effective form of contraception exclusion criteria: 1. subjects with moccasin (dry type) tinea pedis; with concomitant onychomycosis of the fingernails and/or toenails on the evaluated foot, with severe dermatophytoses, a concurrent tinea infection or bacterial skin infection on the evaluated foot; 2. female subjects who are pregnant and/or nursing or planning a pregnancy during the course of the trial. 3. subjects who are immunocompromised (due to disease, e.g., hiv or medications 4. subjects with a history of intolerance or hypersensitivity to imidazole compounds or the inactive components of the cream; 5. subjects with a life-threatening condition (e.g., autoimmune deficiency syndrome, cancer, unstable angina, or myocardial infarction) within the last 6 months. 6. subjects using the following medications: 1. topical antifungal agent within 30 days of the baseline visit 2. systemic antifungals within 8 weeks of the baseline visit (8 months for oral terbinafine) 3. topical corticosteroid in treatment area(s) within 30 days of the baseline visit. 4. systemic corticosteroids within 30 days of the baseline visit; 5. any other topical medicated topical treatments to the treatment area(s) within 7 days of baseline visit.

Keywords: tinea pedis athlete's foot
early feasibility study of rapidpulsetm aspiration system for patients with acute ischemic stroke

Conditions: Acute Ischemic Stroke; Stroke; Large Vessel Occlusion; Mechanical Thrombectomy

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to assess the initial safety and performance of the rapidpulsetm aspiration system in patients experiencing acute ischemic stroke within 24 hours since the onset of stroke symptoms, or last known normal. subject will undergo mechanical thrombectomy (a procedure to remove a clot in the brain which is preventing blood flow), with the rapidpulsetm aspiration system. participating in the trial is for 5-7 days or hospital discharge (whichever is earlier).

the purpose of this prospective, multi-center, open label study of the rapidpulsetm aspiration system is to assess the initial technical (performance), effectiveness and safety of the rapidpulsetm aspiration system as frontline approach for patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusions identified within 24 hours of symptom onset (or last seen normal). the target sample size is 10 evaluable subjects with a maximum of 50 subjects. subjects will undergo mechanical thrombectomy procedure and will have postoperative assessments completed at 24 hours and on day 5-7 or upon hospital discharge. the primary endpoint is first pass reperfusion effect (fpe) as defined by mtici ≥ 2c after one reperfusion attempt.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke with symptom onset (or last seen normal) within 24 hours. * cta, mra or dsa demonstrating anterior large vessel occlusion involving the intracranial ica, mca m1 or m2 segments, basilar or vertebral artery * target occlusion can be accessed by the rapidpulsetm 071 aspiration catheter assessed at the time of the index procedure. enrollment will be defined by the successful navigation of the rapidpulsetm 071 aspiration catheter into the occlusion site. exclusion criteria: * known or suspected icad * tandem occlusions

Keywords: stroke mechanical thrombectomy
tissue repository for studies of myasthenia gravis

Conditions: Myasthenia Gravis

Summary: this is a study during which the investigators collect plasma and cells from patients with myasthenia gravis for the purpose of finding new antibodies.

this is a bio-specimen collection study. the investigators will collect plasma and peripheral lymphocytes. plasma will be collected either when the patient undergoes plasma exchange, a decision independent of this study, or through a scheduled blood draw. patient plasma will be screened for novel antibodies which may cause myasthenia gravis. subjects that are found to be positive for candidate antigens for myasthenia gravis will have a clinical evaluation which will consist of several disease rating scales will be performed (qmg score, mg-composite, myasthenia gravis foundation of america (mgfa) clinical classification, mg-quality of life (qol)15, mgfa therapy status).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years of age or older. * clinical diagnosis of mg with supporting evidence either from antibody testing, repetitive nerve stimulations study (rns) or single fiber electromyography (emg) (sfemg). exclusion criteria: * significant medical condition that would make participation in diagnostic and research part of evaluation impossible or risky. acute or unstable medical condition. * inability to provide informed consent, either directly or via appointed power of attorney. * unwillingness to consent for collection of biological samples or their cryopreservation. * unable to provide evidence of previous antibody testing or neurophysiology confirming the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. * any bleeding disorder that would prevent or present any danger during blood extraction.

Keywords: myasthenia gravis
rivaroxaban for antiphospholipid antibody syndrome

Conditions: Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome

Summary: the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (aps) is a syndrome associated with excessive blood clotting (thrombosis). aps is among the most common cause of heart attack and stroke in patients under the age of 50 and is particularly prevalent in patients with autoimmune conditions. patients with aps and prior thrombosis require lifelong anticoagulant therapy to prevent recurrent clots; such therapy is currently provided with warfarin. warfarin requires frequent bloodwork monitoring, and many medications or foods can alter its effect, which can put people either at increased risk for clotting or bleeding. rivaroxaban is a new mediation that prevents blood clots that does not require bloodwork monitoring and that has fewer interactions. this study is a pilot feasibility study which will: 1) examine our ability to identify 150 eligible aps patients; 2) measure our ability to obtain consent from 135 of these patients; and 3) test our hypothesis that we can obtain 95% compliance with daily rivaroxaban administration. the investigators propose to treat eligible patients with rivaroxaban 20 mg once daily. patients will be followed for a minimum of one year and their rates of bleeding and thrombosis will be monitored as secondary outcome measures.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * prior objectively-confirmed venous thrombosis, irrespective of history of arterial thrombosis * two or more prior positive aps serological evaluations at least 12 weeks apart * current treatment with warfarin administered to achieve an inr of 2.0 to 3.0, rivaroxaban or dabigatran at any dose currently used for secondary prophylaxis of thrombosis, or short term therapeutic dose lmwh (for example, for the treatment of recently diagnosed deep vein thrombosis). patients not currently receiving anticoagulation but in whom anticoagulation is mandated, may also be enrolled if a 20 mg rivaroxaban dose would be appropriate exclusion criteria: * prior recurrent thrombosis while taking warfarin with a demonstrated inr of 2.0 to 3.0, or prior recurrent thrombosis while receiving dabigatran or rivaroxaban * history of isolated arterial thrombosis (no history of venous thrombosis) pending cta approval by health canada * need for continued treatment with both aspirin (irrespective of dose) and clopidogrel * pregnancy or planned pregnancy during the study period; women who may become pregnant will be required to utilize reliable contraceptive measures while on study drug * chronic kidney disease with calculated gfr \< 30ml/min * geographic inaccessibility * age \< 18 years * inability or failure to provide informed consent

Keywords: antiphospholipid antibody syndrome rivaroxaban thromboembolism bleeding feasibility
intravascular radiofrequency ablation of sympathetic nerves for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

Conditions: Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Summary: patients who met the inclusion criteria were treated with endovascular radiofrequency ablation and desympathetic nerve surgery. after enrollment, endovascular radiofrequency ablation and desympathetic surgery were performed. after radiofrequency ablation, the safety and efficacy of follow-up treatment will be carried out every 1 month or so, including blood routine, liver and kidney function, tumor indicators, abdominal ct/magnetic resonance, etc.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinically or pathologically confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) * locally progressed or distant metastatic unresectable advanced hcc * progressed after second-line therapy * agree to participate in the study and sign the informed consent form exclusion criteria: * not suitable for ablation surgery * pregnant, lactating and planning to become pregnant * orthostatic hypotension * mixed liver cancer * intestinal obstruction * obvious bleeding tendencies and hematologic diseases * acute or severe systemic infection; * stroke or transient ischemic attack (tia) within two weeks; * acute coronary syndrome within two weeks; * evaluated to be not suitable for this trial by investigators

Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma sympathetic nerves intravascular radiofrequency ablation
confirming permanent lack of blood flow to the brain during a-nrp dcc organ transplant

Conditions: Organ Transplant

Summary: this study aims to evaluate the surgical technique used in abdominal normothermic regional perfusion (a-nrp) in death determination by circulatory criteria (dcc) organ donors. the proposed study will demonstrate that there is no resumption of brain blood flow or activity during the a-nrp procedure. this will be assessed using multimodal neuromonitoring protocol that enables continuous focused monitoring of brain blood flow and activity during a-nrp. this will provide evidence that brain blood flow and activity does not resume during nrp and ensure donor safety in using this technique in standard of care practice.

this will be a multi-centre prospective observational cohort study that will enroll eligible dcc donors at participating donation hospitals. participating programs will implement the a-nrp processes and organ recovery at the donation sites. neurocritical care teams and donation physicians at the donation site and independent of transplant teams will implement neuromonitoring using the following modalities: 1. transcranial colour-coded doppler (tccd) as a measure of brain blood flow, 2. electroencephalography (eeg), as a measure of cortical brain electrophysiologic activity, and 3. somatosensory evoked potentials (ssep) or brainstem auditory evoked potentials (baep), as a measure of brainstem electrophysiologic activity. the neuromonitoring team will interpret observed signals in real-time during the a-nrp process. this study will confirm whether current a-nrp surgical safeguards ensure maintenance of permanent cessation of brain blood flow and/or activity during a-nrp and will guide the adoption of a-nrp in ontario.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ≤ 18 years of age * potential dcc donors whose families/surrogate decision makers have consented to dcc organ donation according to current criteria of the participating transplant programs. these may include patients donating a liver, kidneys, pancreas, and/or lungs; please see appendix a for organ specific donor inclusion criteria. exclusion criteria: * \< 18 years of age * dcc donors who proceed to donation following medical assistance in dying or those who are able to provide first-person consent at the time of donation * injuries that anatomically preclude the use of neurological monitoring

Keywords: a-nrp neuromonitoring brain activity transplant
the efficacy and safety of topical papaya (carica papaya) leaf extract 1% ointment versus mupirocin 2% ointment in the treatment of limited impetigo: a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial

Conditions: Impetigo

Summary: this study will be an investigator-blinded, patient-blinded, assessor-blinded, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial. it aims to evaluate the efficacy of one-week twice-daily application of topical papaya leaf extract ointment compared to mupirocin ointment in achieving clinical cure among patients with impetigo.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy filipino patients aged 1 year and above with primary impetigo, limited to less than or equal to 1% bsa, and involving only one body area exclusion criteria: * extensive impetigo (\>1% bsa), affecting more than one body area * systemic involvement (lymphadenopathy, fever, sepsis) * chronic comorbidities like diabetes mellitus, malignancy, chronic venous insufficiency * concurrent immunosuppressive therapy * patients ≤ 1 year * pregnant \& lactating patients

Keywords: impetigo papaya extract ointment
corneal tomographic parameters in tgd

Conditions: Keratoconus; Corneal Ectasia; Thyroid Eye Disease

Summary: the current study involved analysis of the corneal tomographic parameters of patients with thyroid gland dysfunction (hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism), including those with an autoimmune etiology, in comparison to healthy controls without tgd, using pentacam, in an attempt to detect possible early corneal changes and to highlight whether early screening of those patients would be necessary for early detection of kc.

a total of 100 eyes of 50 patients with tgd and 100 eyes of 50 healthy controls were enrolled. diagnosis of tgd was based on history, clinical examination and laboratory investigations. exclusion criteria included previous thyroid medications, thyroidectomy, previous ocular surgery, corneal pathology and other risk factors of keratoconus (kc). all eyes were examined by pentacam, (oculus optikgerate gmbh, wetzlar, germany). pentacam parameters were compared between tgd patients and controls. spearman's correlation coefficient between different pentacam parameters and the level of free t4 and tsh was calculated.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * for tgd patients: patients with a recent diagnosis of tgd (the study group) were recruited from endocrinology outpatient clinic of specialized medical hospital, mansoura university. diagnosis of tgd was based on précised history, clinical examination and laboratory investigations. in order to avoid bias, patients with history of intake of any thyroid-related medications (antithyroid medications or thyroxine replacement), radioactive iodine or thyroidectomy were excluded from the study. therefore, we only included patients who did not received treatment yet for the control group, fifty age and gender matched healthy subjects without known personal or family history of thyroid disease or any autoimmune diseases were recruited from candidates of refractive surgery referred to the outpatient clinic of mansoura ophthalmology center for pentacam assessment and who were proved to have normal corneal pentacam parameters. they were further examined by the endocrinologist to exclude thyroid dysfunction; this was supported by normal thyroid function profile (serum tsh and free t4) and negative anti-tpo and antithyroglobulin antibodies. exclusion criteria: * patients with previous thyroid medications or replacement therapy, thyroidectomy or radioactive iodine intake participants with a history of ocular surgery or trauma, use of any topical medication or contact lens wear, patients with any corneal pathology, corneal dystrophy, corneal scarring or any concurrent ocular disease. to eliminate other risk factors for kc, we also excluded participants with a history of persistent eye rubbing, vernal keratoconjunctivitis (vkc), atopy, down syndrome, turner's syndrome, or congenital rubella. pregnant or lactating females were also excluded from the study.

Keywords: keratoconus pentacam ted
a study to evaluate lumasiran in adults with recurrent calcium oxalate kidney stone disease and elevated urinary oxalate levels

Conditions: Recurrent Calcium Oxalate Kidney Stone Disease; Elevated Urinary Oxalate Levels

Summary: the primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of lumasiran on the percent change in urinary oxalate excretion in patients with recurrent calcium oxalate kidney stone disease.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * documented diagnosis of recurrent kidney stone disease based on ≥2 stone events with a minimum of 1 stone event within 5 years prior to screening * meets the 24 hour urine oxalate excretion requirements * the 2 most recently analyzed kidney stones prior to randomization contained 50% or more of calcium oxalate; if only one stone analysis is available, then it must have contained 50% or more of calcium oxalate exclusion criteria: * known history of secondary causes of elevated urinary oxalate and/or recurrent kidney stones * primary hyperoxaluria * estimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) of \<30 ml/min/1.73m\^2 at screening * received an investigational agent within the last 30 days or 5 half-lives, whichever is longer

Keywords: calcium oxalate kidney stones elevated urinary oxalate urinary oxalate
safety and efficacy trial with zoledronic acid for the treatment of paget's disease of bone, including an extended observation period

Conditions: Paget's Disease of Bone

Summary: the core study looked at the effect of zoledronic acid given once as an intravenous (i.v.) infusion compared to 60 days of oral risedronate in patients with paget's disease of bone. the effect was demonstrated in the reduction of serum alkaline phosphatase (sap). the extended observation period included participants of the core study who responded to treatment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 30 years or older * serum alkaline phosphatase (sap) 2 times upper limit normal (uln) * confirmed diagnosis of paget's disease of the bone (by x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, computerized tomography, radioisotope imaging, etc.). * 90 days washout calcitonin * 180 day washout bisphosphonate exclusion criteria: * allergic reaction to bisphosphonates * history of upper gastrointestinal disorders * history of iritis, uveitis * calculated creatinine clearance \< 30 ml/min at baseline * evidence of vitamin d deficiency other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria applied.

Keywords: bisphosphonate sap sap excess non-inferiority therapeutic response extended observation period
predicting peanut anaphylaxis and reducing epinephrine

Conditions: Anaphylaxis Food

Summary: this research study is testing a new way to look for the early stages of anaphylaxis. eligible participants will have a small monitor (transepidermal water loss) placed on the forearm during a food challenge (for peanut allergies). this monitor continuously records the amount of water lost through the skin. in a previous study the team learned what values are associated with an anaphylactic reaction. these values are called "stopping rules." this study is looking at whether it can use these new stopping rules to end the oral food challenge before a person may show any symptoms.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * have a known history of food anaphylaxis to peanut confirmed by an allergist * have had skin and blood food allergy testing to peanut within the past 12 months. meet the 80% likelihood positive predictive value threshold for peanut allergy based on at least 1 of either the skin or blood immunoglobulin e (ige) tests per current literature corrected for age. * meet all clinical oral food challenge (ofc) requirements. this includes no asthma or atopic dermatitis exacerbations, no recent viral infections, no recent antibiotics, and no food allergy reactions in the past month. exclusion criteria: * any known cardiovascular disease, cancer, pulmonary disease except well-controlled asthma, or other condition that would preclude an ofc otherwise. * any medication use that would interfere with an ofc result. medications in this category include antihistamines (first or second generation) within 1 week, omalizumab within 3 months, and others listed in the protocol appendix. * any skin condition aside from well-controlled eczema that might impact tewl measurement, including such conditions as autoimmune skin conditions (such as psoriasis), congenital ichthyoses, hyper-ige syndromes.

Keywords: allergic reaction to food water loss across the skin food challenge