Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
vitamin e and c to slow progression of common carotid artery plaque build-up

Conditions: Cardiovascular Diseases; Carotid Artery Diseases; Intracranial Arteriosclerosis; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Heart Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Atherosclerosis

Summary: this study will evaluate the effects of vitamin e supplementation in retarding the progression of common carotid artery intima-media thickening in african americans.

background: evidence from epidemiologic studies, and from one unpublished study, suggests that greater intake of antioxidant vitamins is associated with reduced risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. findings from an animal model indicate that increased intake of antioxidant vitamins prevents progression of aortic fatty streaks induced by an atherogenic diet, but not from more advanced injury-induced lesions. these observations suggest the hypothesis that increased antioxidant vitamin intake may prevent further progression of early atherosclerosis, possibly by means of reduced susceptibility of low density lipoprotein to oxidative modification and consequent cytotoxic, chemotactic, chemostatic, and unregulated uptake effects. a new, automated, low-cost, portable ultrasound system for determining intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery makes it feasible to test the primary prevention impact of antioxidant vitamins on early atherosclerosis. results of two studies at the university of southern california suggest that the low-density lipoprotein effects on common carotid artery intima-media thickness can be detected by automated methods within 12 to 24 months in small patient samples. retardation of intima-media thickness progression was achieved in both studies without significant changes in average vessel diameter, which suggests effects on early atherosclerotic lesions. design narrative: patients will be screened for carotid intima-media thickness at home or at schools in mobile vans equipped with portable ultrasound equipment. after 12 months, those patients above the age and sex-adjusted 66th percentile at screen i will be re-screened (screen ii), and those showing the greatest progression in intima-media thickness will be invited to participate in a trial run-in to assess vitamin e compliance. patients will be randomized to the following four groups: 1) vitamin e (573 mg/day); 2) vitamin c; 3) vitamin e and c combined; and 4) placebo. common carotid artery intima-media thickness will be observed by ultrasound at 12- and 24-month follow-ups. the primary outcome is 24-month rate of change in average common carotid artery intima-media thickness. the study completion date listed in this record was obtained from the query/view/report (qvr) system.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * african american
progesterone for the treatment of traumatic brain injury iii

Conditions: Traumatic Brain Injury

Summary: the protect study will determine if intravenous (iv) progesterone (started within 4 hours of injury and given for a total of 96 hours), is more effective than placebo for treating victims of moderate to severe acute traumatic brain injury.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * moderate to severe brain injury (gcs 12-4) * age 18 years or older * blunt, closed head injury * study drug initiated within 4 hours of injury exclusion criteria: * non-survivable injury * bilateral dilated unresponsive pupils * severe intoxication (etoh \> 250 mg %) * spinal cord injury with neurological deficits * inability to perform activities of daily living prior to injury * cardiopulmonary arrest * status epilepticus on arrival * systolic blood pressure (sbp) \< 90 on arrival or for at least 5 minutes prior to enrollment * o2 sat \< 90 on arrival or for at least 5 minutes prior to enrollment * prisoner or ward of state * pregnant * active breast or reproductive organ cancers * known allergy to progesterone or intralipid components (egg yolk) * known history of clotting disorder * active thromboembolic event * concern for inability to follow up at 6 months * anyone listed in the opt out registry

Keywords: trauma brain injury
psychological assessment in patients treated with spinal cord stimulation

Conditions: Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS); Chronic Pain

Summary: this is a prospective observational study to investigate the impact of spinal cord stimulation (scs) procedure in chronic pain perception and management. patients' psychological status at different time points and its correlation with pain outcomes and satisfaction with the scs intervention will be also evaluated. the primary aim is to study the associations between psychological variables and intervention outcomes (pain reduction, satisfaction, removal of scs). our hypothesis is that people with higher scores in anxiety and depression symptoms would report lower satisfaction with scs procedure and higher levels of perceived pain after the implantation of the device

more than 30% of people worldwide suffer from chronic pain (cp), defined as "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage". patients suffering from cp in charge of the palliative care and pain therapy division at the european institute of oncology irccs (milan, italy) will be proposed to undergo scs surgical implantation to mitigate pain symptoms. the scs surgical implantation is a two-step procedure; after the hospital admission, a temporary scs device will be firstly implanted. in this way patients have the possibility to experiment the device impact on their cp conditions, to familiarize with the external device and adjust to its presence, and to eventually grow their motivation toward the implantation of the permanent device. only after one month, if the patients are convinced of the intervention utility, the temporary device will be changed with a permanent one. after the medical consultation, patients accepting the surgical procedure and meeting the inclusion criteria will be invited to participate to the study. patients signing the informed consent will receive a link to complete a set of questionnaires investigating psychological well-being, the impact of chronic pain in daily activities and the decision-making process to undergo to a surgical procedure. participants who will not be able to complete the online form, will fill it on paper. patients will complete different questionnaires at different time-points before and after the two-step scs implantation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients suffering from chronic pain (vas\>4) from at least 6 months 2. patient eligible for scs implantation 3. age \>18 years old 4. willingness and ability to comply with scheduled visits and other trial procedures 5. understanding and speaking italian language 6. written informed consent exclusion criteria: 1. psychiatric disorders or conditions that might impair the ability to give informed consent 2. comorbidity that may impact on compliance to study procedures

Keywords: spinal cord stimulation chronic pain
ct stress myocardial perfusion, fractional flow reserve and angiography in patients with stable chest pain syndromes

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease; Chest Syndrome; Acute Myocardial Infarction; Heart Failure; Stroke; Cardiovascular Diseases

Summary: the purpose of the dynamite trial (dynamic ct stress myocardial perfusion, ct fractional flow reserve (ffr-ct) and coronary ct angiography for optimized treatment strategy in patients with chest pain syndromes) is to determine the ability of combined anatomical and functional cardiac ct imaging to improve morbidity and mortality in patients with suspected or known ischemic heart disease.

trial design the dynamite trial is an investigator-initiated, randomised controlled, open-labelled trial conducted in the capital region of copenhagen, denmark the following hypothesis will be tested: * first primary hypothesis: a treatment strategy guided by combined dynamic ct myocardial stress perfusion, ffr-ct and ct coronary angiography improves clinical outcome compared with a conventional management strategy in patients with chronic chest pain syndromes * second primary hypothesis: a treatment strategy guided by combined dynamic ct stress myocardial perfusion, ffr-ct and ct coronary angiography results in improved symptom relief compared with a conventional management strategy in patients with chronic chest pain syndromes

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * chest pain in patients with clinically suspected or confirmed ischemic heart disease * clinical indication for non-acute coronary evaluation * status of coronary revascularization 1. with previous coronary revascularization - all patients 2. without previous coronary revascularization 1. age≥65 years - all patients with chest pain 2. age\>50 - \<65 years - typical angina pectoris and at least one cardiovascular risk factor and/or previous myocardial infarction * typical angina requiring all 3 criteria present: a) constrictive discomfort in the front of the chest or in the neck, jaw, shoulder or arm, b) precipitated by physical exertion c) relieved by rest or nitrates within 5 min. * cardiovascular risk factors: hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, current smoking, family history of ischemic heart disease, previous stroke, peripheral artery disease exclusion criteria: * persistent chest pain and signs of ongoing acute myocardial ischemia requiring acute coronary intervention * hospitalization and discharge with the confirmed diagnosis acute coronary syndrome (stemi or nstemi) within the last 6 months * severe valvular heart disease as primary diagnosis and/or in potential need of percutaneous or surgical valve treatment * known severe heart failure (lvef less than 35%) * language, cultural or mental factors preventing the patient from understanding the informed consent form * known atrial fibrillation * known renal impairment (estimated glomerular filtration rate below \<30 ml/min) * known x-ray contrast allergy * known intolerance to adenosine infusion

Keywords: cardiac ct chest pain coronary artery disease
interest and impact of skin cancer genetic testing

Conditions: Non-melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC)

Summary: the purpose of this study is to learn whether the patient might be interested in skin cancer genetic testing, and if so, what kinds of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors might result from this testing. testing for skin cancer risk based on the mc1r gene is not currently used in clinical practice; it will be offered in this study for research purposes only.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years of age or older * english fluent as we do not have the resources to translate all the materials including the website and risk feedback materials into other languages * prior history of stage 0, i or ii nmsc as per emr or clinical judgment exclusion criteria: * inability to provide meaningful informed consent due to cognitive or psychiatric disability as determined by the judgement of the consenting professional or clinician

Keywords: genetic testing 16-1243
effects of aortic valve replacement on myocardial t1 values in severe aortic valve stenosis

Conditions: Aortic Valve Stenosis; Aortic Valve Replacement; Myocardial Fibrosis; Cardiac Magnetic Resonance; T1 Mapping

Summary: background: severe aortic valve stenosis (as) is the commonest valve disease. aortic valve replacement (avr) is primarily indicated when symptoms occur and/or when there is a drop in left ventricular ejection fraction. however, irreversible myocardial damage, such as replacement fibrosis, leads to increased morbidity and mortality despite treatment. improved patient selection and timely treatment is thus warranted. t1 mapping, a non-invasive method to quantify myocardial fibrosis by cardiac magnetic resonance (cmr), could be a marker to guide treatment. aims: to investigate the change of myocardial fibrosis\* in as patients following avr and if these changes are associated with disease and/or procedural characteristics. methods: this is an observational clinical trial. approximately 60 patients with severe as planned to undergo avr (either surgical or transcatheter) at rigshospitalet, denmark will be included. participants will undergo cmr before surgery and at a 1-year follow-up. other assessments include clinical evaluation and blood sampling. the primary end-point is change in t1 values after avr. hypotheses and perspectives: the investigators hypothesize that (1) myocardial fibrosis\* will regress in patients undergoing avr as a group, (2) the degree of myocardial fibrosis is positively correlated with the degree of symptoms, (3) the regression of myocardial fibrosis is greater in patients undergoing tavr compared to savr, and (4) the regression of myocardial fibrosis is greater in patients with tricuspid aortic stenosis compared to bicuspid aortic stenosis. ultimately, t1 mapping is a potential marker for improved patient selection for the timing of avr. \* estimated by t1 mapping


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥ 18 years * severe aortic valve stenosis (vmax \> 4 m/s and/or mean gradient \>40 mmhg) exclusion criteria: * reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (\<50%) * more than mild left-sided valvular insufficiency * previous or planned primary coronary intervention (pci) or coronary artery by-pass grafting (cabg) * persistent atrial fibrillation * contraindications for cmr (pregnancy, severe claustrophobia, magnetic metallic implants) * pacemaker/icd

Keywords: aortic valve stenosis aortic valve replacement myocardial fibrosis cardiac magnetic resonance t1 mapping
dental practitioners kap regarding caries preventive measures in cairo and riyadah

Conditions: Tooth Diseases; Caries,Dental

Summary: the study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of dental practitioners from cairo and riyadh regarding caries preventive measures.

periodontal disease and dental caries have been regarded as the two most enormous worldwide health burdens. currently, the distribution and severity fluctuate within a single nation or area and throughout the globe. according to epidemiological statistics, the frequency of dental caries has decreased in most industrialized nations over the past few decades. it has been suggested that it is due to the influence of multiple factors, including the use of fluoride, enhanced oral hygiene including brushing and flossing, dietary changes, and specific procedures performed in the dentist's office such as routine examinations, including diagnostic radiographs, scaling and polishing, fluoride applications, and sealants. dental caries is a chronic, persistent dental condition that gets harder to cure as it progresses. the contemporary dental practice's preventive strategy has been acknowledged as a key factor in the recent drop in caries and a key component of the practice's service mix going forward. one of the world health organization's (who) major actions for ongoing oral health improvement is reorienting oral health services toward preventive and health promotion. a preventative approach can reduce the burden of oral health problems, as cited by who. literature shows that although dentists' knowledge may be good, there are certain limitations to applying the preventive approach, lack of positive attitude, and implications in daily practice. with this background, the study aims to evaluate dental practitioners' knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding caries preventive measures in cairo compared to riyadh.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * licensed egyptian and saudi general dentists. exclusion criteria: * undergraduate dental students * dental specialists * dentists who refused to participate
n-of-few study of pain perception

Conditions: Healthy

Summary: a behavioral study that will examine how pain perception is affected by different types of conditioning and by context, with a few participants and multiple sessions ("n-of-few" design).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy participants exclusion criteria: * cannot tolerate heat pain applied to the forearm/leg, based on a calibration task at the beginning of the experiment
validation of the polish version of the mpiiqm questionnaire for musicians

Conditions: Musculoskeletal Pain; Questionnaire

Summary: the aim of this study, originally named "cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the musculoskeletal pain intensity and interference questionnaire for musicians of the polish population (mpiiqm-p)" is the enlargement of validation of the polish questionnaire.

the aim is to determine the following psychometric properties: convergent and divergent validity, two-time reliability analysis, and exploratory factor analysis according to the recommended number of subjects of ≥45 subjects. in addition, the aim of the study is to assess the psychometric properties of the mpiiqm-p questionnaire in the online version and to compare these results with the results for the paper version obtained by cygańska et al., 2021.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * permanent musician in an orchestra * polish as a native language exclusion criteria: • freelance musician

Keywords: occupational diseases musculoskeletal pain questionnaires validation studies pain measurement
human prostate tissue model to maintain and study prostate cancer stem cells

Conditions: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia; Prostate Carcinoma

Summary: this pilot research trial studies the use of a human prostate tissue model to maintain and study prostate cancer stem cells. a human prostate tissue model uses leftover tissue that was removed during surgery from patients with non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia) and may create an environment similar to the natural environment of the human body. prostate cancer stem cells are cells that cause cancer to grow. using real tissue to create an environment to study stem cells may help doctors learn more about how they work and how they respond to treatments.

primary objectives: i. to optimize a decellularized prostate tissue model for the maintenance of prostate cancer stem cells. secondary objectives: i. to investigate the self-renewal and differentiation ability of human prostate cancer stem cells (cscs) (tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 \[trop2\]+ cells) in the above mentioned decellularized prostate tissue model. ii. to compare the number of cscs according to key patient characteristics, including race, age, gleason, metastasis status, and previous cancer treatment(s). outline: tissue samples are collected from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia for decellularization and preparation as human extracellular matrix for growing human prostate cscs. tissue samples are also collected from patients with prostate cancer for the analysis of trop2+ cells by flow cytometry.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male patients scheduled for a prostatectomy * ability to understand and the willingness to sign an institutional review board (irb)-approved informed consent document exclusion criteria: * patients with prostate involvement secondary and as a result of metastasis or spread of cancerous cells from other organs
long-term neurocognitive and psychiatric consequences in severe covid-19 survivors.

Conditions: Covid19; Neurocognitive Dysfunction

Summary: long-term neurocognitive and psychiatric consequences of covid-19 remain mostly unknown to date. it has been reported that coronaviruses cause direct central nervous system infection (needham et al. 2020). besides that, new or worsening cognitive impairment commonly occurs and persists in survivors of intensive care unit (icu) stay (hosey \& needham. 2020). the purpose of our study is to search and describe the cognitive and psychiatric long-term consequences of covid-19 on patients who have been discharged from critical care units. this is an ambidirectional cohort study, that attempts to follow adults discharged from critical care units adults due to covid-19 up to 12 months after discharge, to evaluate the presence of cognitive impairment, linguistic and phonation function, depression, fatigue, functional gastroenterological symptoms, anxiety, or post traumatic disorder, and performance in activities of daily living and physical response to exercise as well.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults over 18 years of age who have been hospitalized at critical care units, who were admitted for a diagnosis of covid-19 and who present a score on the moca® cognitive test of less than 26 points at the time of hospital discharge . exclusion criteria: * history of underlying cognitive disorder. history of underlying primary psychotic disorder. moca® cognitive test score greater than or equal to 26 points at the time of hospital discharge.

Keywords: covid-19 intensive care units functionality fatigue anxiety insomnia long-term cognitive impairment language disorders verbal fluency depression post traumatic stress exercise endurance
lymphedema duration on lymphatic vessel quality and outcomes after lva

Conditions: Lymphedema

Summary: this study aimed to address the impact of lymphedema duration on the quality of lymphatic vessels as well as the outcome after lva using propensity score matching.

with an increase in the incidence and treatment of breast and gynecological cancers, an increase in the prevalence of secondary lymphedema has been witnessed1. as a consequence of lymphadenectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy, swollen limbs result from the accumulation of protein rich fluid2. lymphedema is predicted to arise in 20-40% of patients with cervical and breast cancer3, which is a chronic disease that can significantly hamper quality of life4-6. affected limbs may suffer from lifelong swelling with functional impairment and repeated cellulitis, and some may eventually progress to late-stage diseases such as elephantiasis and lymphorrhea7-9. supermicrosurgical lymphaticovenous anastomosis (lva) is a well-documented minimally invasive treatment modality that bypasses lymph into the venous system to alleviate lymphedema10-14. it was a common belief that a longer lymphedema duration (ld) may be associated with inferior lymphatic vessel (lvs) quality, as well as excess fibrous components in the affected limbs, which are characteristics of advanced lymphedema. consequently, owing to inferior lv quality, lva is considered unsuitable for advanced cases; instead, vascularized lymph node transfer (vlnt) or excisional procedures are recommended7,15. however, growing evidence has demonstrated the effectiveness of lva for the treatment of severe lymphedema16-19. these findings, contrary to common beliefs, raise questions regarding the association between ld, lv quality, and outcomes after lva. this study aimed to address the impact of ld on the quality of lv as well as the outcome after lva using propensity score matching.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * this study including patients diagnosed with lymphatic-related diseases at kaohsiung chang gung memorial hospital from september 2015 to march 2023. patients who underwent lva for unilateral lower-limb lymphedema. exclusion criteria: * primary lymphedema, bilateral lower limb lymphedema, history of previous lva, vascularized lymph node transfer (vlnt), liposuction, or excisional therapy such as the charles procedure, and those that were lost to follow-up.

Keywords: retrospective cohort