Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
the effect of anticholinergics on cognitive function in the elderly

Conditions: Mental Competency; Urinary Bladder, Overactive; Cognitive Function

Summary: anticholinergic medication is used to treat overactive bladder (oab). a known side effect of this medication is cognitive dysfunction. oab is more prevalent in the elderly population - a group that also has a higher baseline risk of cognitive dysfunction. our objective is to evaluate the effect of an anticholinergic medication on cognitive function in elderly women.

subjects will be randomized to: 1) trospium chloride or 2) placebo. there are three aims: 1. to evaluate changes in cognitive function in elderly women taking trospium versus placebo, using validated cognitive assessment tests 2. to develop a useful battery of cognitive screening tests for monitoring the cognitive safety of oab management 3. to understand how the timing of cognitive changes relates to the timing of improvement in oab symptoms. the investigators will recruit 60 women aged ≥ 50 with the diagnosis of oab. cognitive assessments will be performed at baseline and week 1 and 4 after drug initiation using paper-based validated questionnaires. oab improvement will be assessed with validated questionnaires.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female 50 or older * diagnosis of oab (ics definition) * english literacy * ability to swallow oral medication * cognitive ability to give consent exclusion criteria: * dementia/depression/delirium * current anticholinergic use (requires 2 week washout period) * current cholinesterase * urinary or gastric retention * severe decreased gastrointestinal motility * uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma * myasthenia gravis * diagnosis fo renal impairment (creatinine clearance \<30 ml/min)

Keywords: cognitive function overactive bladder [c23.888.942.343.780]
the impact of the head position on the occlusion of implant-supported fixed restorations

Conditions: Dental Occlusion

Summary: the development of a implantology leads to an increasing use of implants in the treatment of care for the loss of one or more teeth. the question is whether the existing guidelines, originally formulated for the occlusion of natural dentition and conventional prosthetic treatment can be applied to the implant prosthodonticsdue to initial differences in the vertical mobility of teeth and dental implants, present in the same dental arch, although the model of occlusion is ideal, undesirable premature occlusal contacts on the fixed dental restorations on implants may be present. objective: to evaluate the effect of different head positions on dental occlusion of the natural teeth and fixed dental restorations on implants. methods: volunteers with complete dentition would be included in this study as the control group. the study group would include subjects with fixed dental restorations on implants in the transcanine region. a t scan iii system will be used for occlusal analysis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: for the test group * patients with implant-supported fixed restorations in at least one quadrant of the posterior region (pre-molar and molar) of both jaws at least for 1 year * patients with angle class i in mip * patients who did not have orthodontic treatment for the control group, the inclusion criteria were: - patients with completely dentate arches (not considering third molars) with a maximum of 4 tooth-supported restorations per dental arch). exclusion criteria: * patients with bruxism, detrimental habits, and mandibular parafunctional activities * patients with signs of temporomandibular dysfunction, trismus, or illness of the cervical spine * patients with a history indicating problems with alcohol or drugs or receiving any psychiatric treatment.

Keywords: dental occlusion head posture fixed dental restorations dental implants implant occlusion computerized occlusal analysis
intervention on non-prescription antibiotic use among the public

Conditions: Non-Prescription Drug Misuse; Antibiotic Use

Summary: the purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of health education int led by community health workers for non-prescription antibiotic use among the public. in this two arm cluster randomised trial, in this two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial, 22 communities were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to intervention and control groups. in the intervention group, family doctors will conduct wechat-based health education on responsible use of antibiotic for the participants. in the control group, only routine public health education will be provided without any involvement in antibiotic use. the primary outcome is the incidence of antibiotic use without prescription in the past month.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged between 18 and 75 years old; * local residents (residing for more than 6 months) with no plans for employment, study, or relocation in the next six months; * having normal cognitive, comprehension, and independent communication abilities, and voluntarily participating in this study; * able to use wechat independently or with guidance from family members. exclusion criteria: * unable to comprehend the purpose of the survey, unwilling to cooperate, or lacking willingness to provide honest answers to questions; * illiterate, severely physically disabled, or lacking necessary comprehension abilities; * healthcare professionals, such as doctors, nurses, pharmacists, etc.; * individuals with autoimmune diseases or hereditary diseases affecting the use of common medications;

Keywords: cluster randomized trial non-prescription antibiotic
repeated doses of praziquantel in schistosomiasis treatment (repst)

Conditions: Schistosomiasis

Summary: an open label, randomized controlled trial of single vs. multiple treatments of praziquantel in intestinal african schistosomiasis in côte d'ivoire this study aims to determine the efficacy of repeated (up to four times) praziquantel treatment against s. mansoni infection in school-age children from côte d'ivoire using the traditional kato-katz thick smear technique, but also with more accurate and non-invasive antigen- and dna-detection methods.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject has a confirmed s. mansoni infection (positive poc-cca test result and at least one positive out of triplicate kato-katz thick smears) * subject is aged between 5 and 18 years and otherwise in good health * subject has received no recent praziquantel treatment in the past month * subject has provided oral assent and provided written informed consent signed by parents/legal guardian * subject is able and willing to provide multiple stool and urine samples during study exclusion criteria: * known allergy to study medication (i.e. praziquantel and albendazole) * pregnancy * lactating

Keywords: schistosomiasis schistosoma mansoni bilharzia
acu tens versus low level laser after open heart surgeries

Conditions: Heart Arrhythmia

Summary: increase in heart rate (hr) is a normal sympathetic response to body trauma and a common consequence of major surgical procedures,a high resting hr is associated with increased myocardial work that may be detrimental to patients with a marginal myocardial oxygen supply,the aim of this study is to compare between the effects of acu tens and low level laser therapy on autonomic and hemodynamic instability after open heart surgery.

autonomic function reached lowest values 3-6 days after coronary artery by pass graft (cabg) and could take up to 60 days to return to pre-surgery values (pedro et al., 2005). alterations in pulse may provide a first indication that a patient is developing hemodynamic instability. while many factors may influence the pulse rate, including fever, exercise, medications, and thyroid hormone status, a high pulse rate is often a sign of high levels of endogenous catecholamines, blood loss or dehydration (jonathan ,2009.) hemodynamically unstable patients don't have enough pressure in the circulatory system to keep blood flowing reliably to all the various parts of the body where it needs to be at the same time. vagus nerve stimulation (vns) can increase hrv and reduce sympathetic nerve outflow, which is desirable in conditions characterized by enhanced sympathetic nerve activity . application of acu-tens over acu-point pc6 facilitated a faster return of resting hr to preoperative levels, maintained bp during the acute postoperative period and enhanced a quicker return of rate pressure product (rpp), in patients after acute cardiac surgery . faster return of the raised resting hr to preoperative levels in acu-tens application was possibly due to induced vagal stimulation and/or inhibition of sympathetic neural activity through the acu-points pc6 . low level laser therapy (lllt) is a non-invasive and safe method, to recover parasympathetic/sympathetic nervous system balance . this study show the differences between the effect of acu tens and low level laser therapy on autonomic and hemodynamic instability after open heart surgery

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 1- 60 patients from both sexes . 2- undergo cardiac surgery through a median sternotomy. 3- age will be ranged from 45-65 years old. 4-body mass index from 25 to 29.9 kg/m25- exclusion criteria: * 1- previous thoracic surgery. 2- emergency or urgent cardiac surgery. 3- hypoxemia with partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood \<60 mmhg. 4- renal insufficiency with serum creatinine ≤1.8 mg/dl after surgery. 5- other medical conditions such as uncontrolled diabetes, and hypertension . 6- patients who are unable to follow verbal instructions.
effect of preoperative exercise on the prevention of secondary lymphedema in breast cancer patients

Conditions: Breast Neoplasms

Summary: research purpose: lymphedema is a very common complication in breast cancer patients. however, since there is currently no curable treatment, it is important to prevent and reduce the severity of lymphedema. the purpose of this study is to evaluate whether preoperative exercise is effective in preventing lymphedema after surgery. for secondary outcome, the preventive effects of exercise on other upper extremity dysfunctions (eg. pectoralis tightness, axillary web syndrome, adhesive capsulitis), which are common in breast cancer patients, were assessed.

study subjects: * patients aged 20 or older who were first diagnosed with breast cancer * patients scheduled to undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery study design: prospective randomized controlled comparative clinical study * intervention is performed for at least 3 months during the neoadjuvant chemotherapy period before surgery. * treatment group: individually tailored exercise consisting of aerobic, strength, and flexibility exercises is prescribed, self-exercise compliance monitoring through an application, and diet management education through nutritional counseling. * control group: one session of flexibility exercise training, diet management education through nutritional counseling result variable: * primary outcome variable: 1) incidence and severity of postoperative lymphedema: bilateral upper limb volume, icg lymphography * secondary outcome variables: 1. clinical information: demographic, disease and treatment-related data 2. physical-related: height/weight/waist circumference measurement, body composition test, physical examination (axillary membrane evaluation) 3. upper extremity function (shortening of the pectoralis major muscle, adhesive capsulitis): evaluation of shoulder range of motion, upper extremity muscle strength/grip strength 4. quality of life assessment: european organisation for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire-core 30(eortc qlq-c30), european organisation for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire-breast cancer module 23(eortc qlq-br23) assessment schedule: * initial treatment and evaluation: immediately after breast cancer diagnosis * follow-up evaluation: immediately after completion of exercise intervention (preoperatively), and at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. number of study subjects: * this study will be conducted as a preliminary study for future research, and will be conducted on a total of 60 patients (30 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group) with an allocation ratio between groups of 1:1.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged 20 or older and younger than 80 who were first diagnosed with breast cancer * patients scheduled for surgery and starting neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery exclusion criteria: * patients with medical contraindications to exercise intervention or pain or musculoskeletal conditions that may limit active exercise intervention

Keywords: preoperative exercise lymphedema breast cancer
e-mails to nudge safer and better-informed prescribing of risky drugs

Conditions: Opioid Prescribing; Prescription Drug Misuse

Summary: this study will test e-mails to encourage engagement with the minnesota prescription monitoring program (pmp/pdmp) and will evaluate the effect of these e-mails on pmp/pdmp use and controlled substance prescribing.

drug overdose deaths have skyrocketed in recent years, and many overdoses continue to involve prescribed medications like opioids and stimulants. at the same time, state prescription drug monitoring programs (pdmps), which help clinicians prescribe these medications safely, remain underused. in minnesota, 32% of opioid prescriptions are written by clinicians who do not use the pdmp. in many states, including minnesota, policymakers have limited tools to raise pdmp use even though it is often required under state law. to address this policy dilemma, this study will test e-mails designed to facilitate pdmp use and evaluate their effects on pdmp use and controlled substance prescribing. this study will include a projected 7,126 physician and physician assistant prescribers of opioids and other controlled substances who lack active pdmp accounts, never query the pdmp, or query the pdmp infrequently relative to their prescribing volume. to generate evidence on clinician motivation for responding to encouragement, the study will randomly vary messaging to focus on legal requirements to use the pdmp vs. clinical benefits of the pdmp.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * minnesota physician or physician assistant * controlled substance prescriber not following state requirements to maintain an active pdmp account, or opioid prescriber not searching the pdmp or infrequently searching the pdmp exclusion criteria: * no e-mail address available

Keywords: opioids prescribing overprescribing prescription drug monitoring programs controlled substances
the effects of combined neuro-vestibular-ocular exercises and myofascial release on proprioception and performance in soccer players with chronic ankle instability

Conditions: Ankle Inversion Sprain; Ankle Injuries

Summary: chronic ankle instability was first defined by freeman as recurrent ankle sprains following an ankle sprain and the feeling of dislocation in the ankle lasting longer than six months. the recurrence of ankle sprains in athletes leads to the realization of ankle instability. functional ankle instability gives the feeling that a re-sprain will occur at any time due to decreased static and dynamic support in the joint.neuro-vestibular-ocular exercises is an approach that combines neuromuscular training and vestibular-ocular training techniques.at the same time, we are doing this study because of the mixed studies on the effect of fascial relaxation on the performance and proprioception of a specific group of football players.

a total of 60 football players with instability \<27 according to the cait scale, whose proprioception and performance (jump, sprint, zig-zag test, kick speed) values were taken at the beginning, will be divided into two groups.myofascial release will be applied to the lower extremity posterior line chain described by myers by the physiotherapist to the first group.the other group (30 people) will be given neuro-vestibular-ocular exercises.both groups will continue their training programme as ready.the training will be done in 2 sessions and 30 minutes per week.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a history of 'giving way' and/or recurrent sprains and/or 'feeling of instability' in the injured ankle joint within the last 6 months. * decreased function due to ankle sprain history * "feeling of instability" will be defined as ≤27 points on the cumberland ankle instability scale (cait) and the most affected side will be determined as the relevant limb for testing. cait score between right and left foot the dominant ankle will be selected. * having had at least two previous lateral sprains in the same ankle. exclusion criteria: * history of musculoskeletal surgery and/or fractures in the lower extremities; * acute injury to the musculoskeletal structures of other lower extremity joints in the last three months that affects joint integrity and function and causes interruption of desired physical activity for at least one day; * having a history of balance and vestibular disorders.
olmesartan medoxomil versus losartan in patients with hypertension

Conditions: Essential Hypertension

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy and safety of oral administration of olmesartan medoxomil compared to losartan in subjects with mild to moderate hypertension.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diastolic bp 95 mm hg - 114 mm hg inclusive * no participation in any clinical trial for the last 3 months exclusion criteria: * secondary hypertension * malignant hypertension * severe arterial hypertension * significant cardiovascular disease * history or clinical evidence of cerebrovascular, gastrointestinal, hematological, hepatic disease, myocardial infarction, or severe liver disorder * clinical evidence of renal disease, poorly controlled diabetes, known malabsorption syndromes, psychiatric/emotional problems
the effect of partner massage in labor on pain, anxiety and birth process

Conditions: Midwifery; Labor Delivery; Massage

Summary: h1-1 = there will be a difference between the pain levels of the partner massage group, midwife massage group, and control group following the massage application. h1-2 = there will be a difference between the state anxiety levels of the partner massage group, midwife massage group, and control group following the massage application. h1-3 = there will be a difference between the active phase durations of the partner massage group, midwife massage group, and control group following the massage application.

supporting the woman with massage during the labor process reduces the severity of pain, provides general relaxation and reduces anxiety. the application of spousal massage for supportive care to the woman during the labor process can provide important positive results in terms of providing both physical and emotional support. a positive perception of birth can be strengthened by meeting women's needs at a higher level. this may contribute to effective pain management, reduction of anxiety in women, improvement of birth outcomes and positive neonatal health outcomes. when the literature is examined, it has been determined that the scope and number of studies examining the effect of partner massage in labor on pain, anxiety and birth process is very limited, and there is no study on the subject in the national literature.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * those aged 20-35 * term pregnancies (those at 37-41 weeks of gestation) * those with a single fetus * primiparous * those who do not have any risk factors during pregnancy (preeclampsia, premature rupture of membranes, placental anomalies, macrosomic baby, etc.) * those who do not have any chronic disease * pregnant women who do not have skin disease, infection or varicose affecting the massage application. * pregnant women with no deterioration in skin integrity * those with cervical dilatation less than 4 cm * those who are open to communication, mentally and mentally healthy * those who agreed to participate in the study * pregnant women with a spouse who agree to apply and apply massage for the spouse/partner massage group. exclusion criteria: * those who are in the active and transitional phase of labor * abnormal changes in fetal heartbeats * unexpected complication in pregnancy and fetus * pregnant women who use pharmacological methods to reduce pain during labor * pregnant women with contraindications for massage application (deterioration of skin integrity, varicose veins, skin disease and infection) * pregnant women who are reluctant to continue participating in the research

Keywords: labor massage partner massage pain anxiety
effectiveness of lidocaine injection on stellate ganglion in pediatric patients with autism spectrum disorder

Conditions: Autistic Disorder

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to explore efficacy of stellate ganglion block children with autistic disorder. the main question it aims to answer is: can stellate ganglion block improve the autistic disorder in children? children with autistic disorder will be divided into the control group and experimental group evenly. all the patients were provided with routine therapy, while the patients in the experimental group were given stellate ganglion block. the childhood autism rating scale of the two groups of patients before and after treatment are evaluated.

autistic disorder in children is becoming increasingly more. the goal of this clinical trial is to explore efficacy of stellate ganglion block children with autistic disorder. the main question it aims to answer is: can stellate ganglion block improve the autistic disorder in children? children with autistic disorder will be divided into the control group and experimental group evenly. all the patients were provided with routine therapy, while the patients in the experimental group were given stellate ganglion block. the childhood autism rating scale of the two groups of patients before and after treatment are evaluated.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed as autistic disorder. * aged between 3 years old and 6 years old. * no contraindications to stellate ganglion block. exclusion criteria: * other significant physical or neurodevelopmental disorders. * other significant medical conditions