Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
network-targeted strategies for efficient community sars-cov-2 (covid-19) sampling

Conditions: COVID-19; SARS-CoV 2

Summary: the primary objective is to use "network targeted sampling design" to detect active and/or undiagnosed cases of covid-19 in the community and determine the spread or distribution of 1) active infection, and 2) past exposure. the hypothesis is that there are many undiagnosed and/or asymptomatic people in the community who may be unknowingly spreading the virus or have been exposed and have antibodies. we propose to implement respondent-driven sampling (rds) which leverages effort on the part of seed or index cases to recruit contacts for participation.

purpose and objective: the purpose of this study is to use community sampling to detect active, undiagnosed covid-19 cases and/or determine the spread or distribution of active infection. the objective is to use a network targeted sampling design to direct testing to yield a higher proportion of results which indicate active infection and possibly differentiating between venues or communities where transmission is active and undiagnosed. study activities: a person who tests positive for covid-19 will be given a set of "tokens" to give to contacts that will entitle these contacts to make an appointment to receive a test for covid-19. population groups: the population group will include people with index cases of covid-19 and their contacts for the past 14 days. as these contacts are tested and receive positive results, they will be given tokens to hand out to their contacts over the past 14 days. the network of positive cases will "blossom" to reveal community transmission and asymptomatic cases, thus giving researchers an indication of disease prevalence. data analysis: at the completion of each epoch and at the end of the study, we will scale the social networks up and conduct network analysis using sas and the igraph package in r. these analyses will be applied in an ongoing manner to guide selection of seeds in subsequent epochs to ensure representativeness and to guide selection of alters to encourage longer referral chain lengths. risk/safety issues: the primary risks include discomfort from the nasal swab and risks from the venous blood draw used in testing and the potential loss of confidentiality. all efforts will be made to securely manage the data to ensure participant confidentiality.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * positive covid-19 test result -or- receipt of a coupon from a previous study participant * resident of durham county (for seed participant only) * willing to undergo covid-19 test nasopharyngeal swab for rt-pcr testing and blood draw for covid-19 antibody testing * age 18+ * speak and understand english exclusion criteria: * currently receiving inpatient treatment for covid-19 * unable to consent

Keywords: network analysis contact tracing respondent driven sampling
clinical significance of supranormal differential renal function in the recovery of hydronephrosis

Conditions: Hydronephrosis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the clinical significance of supranormal differential renal function (drf) in the recovery of unilateral hydronephrosis (hn) after surgery, pediatric patients who underwent pyeloplasty for ureteropelvic junction obstruction (upjo) who showed supranormal drf (\> 55%) in the dtpa renography will be analyzed.

to assess the clinical significance of supranormal differential renal function (drf) in the recovery of unilateral hydronephrosis (hn) after surgery, pediatric patients who underwent pyeloplasty for ureteropelvic junction obstruction (upjo) who showed supranormal drf (\> 55%) in the dtpa renography will be analyzed. clinical parameters including age at the first visit, age at operation, gender, laterality, and follow-up period will be evaluated. to evaluate predictors of recovery from supranormal renal function according to the level of drf, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses will be performed. patients would be subcategorized into two groups; group a (drf ≤60%) and group b (drf \>60%) in consideration of the mean value of preoperative drf and each parameter of group a was compared to that of group b using independent sample's t test and chi square test. kaplan-meier analysis and log-rank test will be used to determine the difference of recovery time of obstructed hydronephrosis in each parameter.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ureteropelvic junction obstruction * hydronephrosis * differential renal function more than 55% in dtpa * follow-up period more than 1 year exclusion criteria: * urological anomalies, such as vesicoureteral reflux, ureterocele, cystic kidney disease, posterior urethral valves, duplex anomalies, neurogenic bladder, and solitary kidney or patients who underwent any previous urological surgery

Keywords: hydronephrosis ultrasonography kidney function test patients with unilateral upjo and patients with preop hn in usg and supranormal renal function in dtpa renography
comparing 3 schedules of alimta plus gemzar

Conditions: Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Neoplasms

Summary: the purpose of the study is to measure tumor response rates for three schedules of alimta(ly231514) in combination with gemcitabine in patients with locally advanced or metastatic non small cell lung cancer who have received no prior chemotherapy regimen.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of non-small lung cancer * no prior chemotherapy * able to care for self exclusion criteria: * an ongoing infection * pregnancy or breast feeding * other serious medical condition * cancer that has spread to the brain * inability to take folic acid

Keywords: lung cancer cancer neoplasm non-small chemotherapy
clinical validation study for cpm device

Conditions: Heart Failure

Summary: this study is designed to be a clinical validation study to ready the cpm system for fda 510(k) submission. this study will be conducted as a prospective non-randomized. the study is non-significant risk since the cpm device is noninterventional and noninvasive. the study is primarily designed to validate the accuracy of the respiration rate and the changes in relative tidal volume. all participants will be fitted with both the cpm device as well as reference devices (capnography and ecg). participants will be randomized between 4 procedures (a-d) which will determine the order of 18 exercises. each exercise has about 2 minutes of device recording and two minutes of rest. each exercise contains two positions: sitting up for one minute and lying down for one minute. for some exercises, the participant will be instructed to breathe at a certain rate (assisted by a metronome). for other exercises, the participants will breathe at a normal rate but change how deep the are breathing. for exercise 18, all capnography reference devices will be removed, and an ecg reference device will be placed. after exercise 18, the participant will have all devices removed and the study visit will terminate. the participant will receive a safety follow-up call about 1 week after their visit.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults over the age of 18 and who are willing and able to give informed consent * willing and able to participate in all activities related to this study, including trimming chest hair and wearing a reference device and the cpm wearable device * volunteers of any race, any gender * range of physiques * healthy exclusion criteria: * injury or skin disturbance in the area of the test device * allergies or sensitivities to silicone/acrylic-based adhesive * pregnant, method of assessment at discretion of pi * currently smokes cigarettes * has known respiratory conditions that might prevent them from following the study procedure such as: * flu * pneumonia/bronchitis * shortness of breath/respiratory distress * respiratory or lung surgery * emphysema, copd, lung disease * has self-reported heart or cardiovascular conditions such as chest pain, afib, chf, cardiomyopathy, or other conditions that could interfere with cardiopulmonary function * has other self-reported health conditions that could interfere with the breathing patterns and exercises detailed in the protocol (including wearing a capnography mask)
proenkephalin a and kidney replacement therapy

Conditions: Acute Kidney Injury

Summary: acute kidney injury (aki) is a common problem encountered in the intensive care unit (icu), estimated to occur in up to 60% of all critically ill patients, depending on the definition. recent large randomized clinical trials in critical care nephrology have focused on the optimal timing of initiation of acute kidney replacement therapy (krt). however, less is known about the ideal circumstances in which krt may be successfully discontinued. the novel serum-biomarker proenkephalin a 119-159 (penkid) has been found to be strongly negatively correlated with measured gfr. whether penkid may have a role in initiation and discontinuation of krt remains unknown.

acute kidney injury (aki) is a common problem encountered in the intensive care unit (icu), estimated to occur in up to 60% of all critically ill patients, depending on the definition. recent large randomized clinical trials in critical care nephrology have focused on the optimal timing of initiation of acute kidney replacement therapy (krt). however, less is known about the ideal circumstances in which krt may be successfully discontinued. krt is a complex and expensive therapy, with complications including catheter-associated infections, hemorrhage, hemodynamic instability, and potential delayed renal recovery. the novel serum-biomarker proenkephalin a 119-159 (penkid) is a stable fragment derived from the precursor enkephalins, which are known as small endogenous opioid peptides and are produced throughout the human body, including the kidneys. plasma concentrations of penkid have been found to be strongly negatively correlated with measured glomerular filtration rate. whether penkid may have a role in initiation and discontinuation of krt remains unknown.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients ≥18 years of age with aki requiring krt exclusion criteria: * chronic kidney disease with estimated glomerular filtration rate \<30 ml/min/1.73 m2 * non-end stage renal disease with extracorporeal ultrafiltration due to diuretic- resistant fluid overload * decision to limit therapeutic interventions * history of solid-organ transplants * pregnancy
a study with teduglutide (revestive®) in adults with short bowl syndrome

Conditions: Short Bowel Syndrome

Summary: the main aims of the study are to assess the safety profile of teduglutide (revestive®) as well as how many people with short bowl syndrome experience a reduction of parenteral support when treated with teduglutide (revestive®). this study is about collecting existing data only; participants will not receive teduglutide (revestive®) as part of this study. no new information will be collected during this study. only data already available in the hospital records will be reviewed and collected for this study. participants do not need to visit their doctor in addition to their normal visits.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants \>= 18 years of age diagnosed with intestinal failure due to sbs as a result of intestinal resection. * sbs-if participants treated with teduglutide according to summary of product characteristics (smpc). * patients who receive or have received teduglutide for at least six months at the date of inclusion (from treatment initiation to inclusion date, date of discontinuation, death for any cause or loss of follow-up). * when required by the ethics committee of the center: participants who have signed the informed consent form (icf) to participate in the study. exclusion criteria: - participants who do not meet the inclusion criteria.
physiologic insulin therapy for the management of hyperglycemia in the hospital

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Hyperglycemia

Summary: many hospitals have begun giving insulin to nearly all patients with diabetes while they are in the hospital even if a patient does not use insulin at home. controlling blood sugar with insulin when a patient is hospitalized is believed to reduce the risk of complications and death, but research has not demonstrated these benefits except in patients who are critically ill. the purpose of this study, therefore, is to evaluate whether such insulin therapy actually does reduce in-hospital complications, deaths, need for intensive care, or length of stay in the hospital.

the primary aim of the proposed study is to determine if physiologic insulin therapy administered to general hospital inpatients with hyperglycemia favorably affects in-hospital complications and mortality, need for intensive care, or length of stay. the secondary aim is to determine if the magnitude of benefit derived from this therapy differs (a) in patients with known vs. newly diagnosed diabetes, or (b) in medical vs. surgical patients. the study will analyze data from a natural experiment that occurred when the applicant institution introduced universal physiologic insulin therapy as the standard of care for hyperglycemia. a quasi-experimental before-and-after study will compare in-hospital complications, mortality, and resource use in patients with comorbid type 2 diabetes before vs. after implementation of this standard (n≈6400). outcomes measured at 7 nearby acute-care teaching hospitals during the same two time intervals will provide parallel control data (n≈35,000). data from the control hospitals will make it possible to evaluate whether temporal changes in patient characteristics or other variables affecting hospitals in the region could explain effects that might otherwise be erroneously attributed to the intervention. given the high prevalence of comorbid diabetes in the hospital and the possibility that universal physiologic insulin for managing hyperglycemia may not deliver the intended benefit or could even do more harm than good, answering this question is an important goal.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * type 2 diabetes exclusion criteria: * pregnant * admitted directly to an intensive care unit * length of stay \<2 days
short-pulse subthreshold vs infrared micropulse for diabetic macular edema

Conditions: Diabetic Macular Edema

Summary: when applied according to manufacturer recommendations, short-pulse system may yield more temporary reduction in edema while infrared micropulse system may yield slightly better functional outcomes.

purpose: to assess both anatomic and functional outcomes between short-pulse continuous wavelength and infrared micropulse lasers in the treatment of dme. materials and methods: a prospective interventional study from tertiary care eye hospital - king khaled eye specialist hospital (riyadh, saudi arabia). patients with center-involving diabetic macular edema were treated with subthreshold laser therapy. patients in the micropulse group were treated with the 810-nm diode micropulse scanning laser txcell™ (iridex corporation, mountain view, ca, usa). laser was applied according to manufacturer recommendations for micropulsetm in a confluent mode (low intensity/high density) to the entire area of the macular edema. patients in the short-pulse group were treated with grid pattern laser with 20ms pulse pascal laser 532nm (topcon medical laser systems, tokyo, japan) with endpoint algorithm, which was either 30% or 50% of testing burn. main outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (bcva) and foveal thickness at baseline and the last follow-up visit.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * center-involving clinically significant macular edema due to diabetic retinopathy (\>300 microns) * clear ocular media * etdrs visual acuity \>29 letters (snellen equivalent of 20/150) or better * treatment naïve eyes or previously treated with antiangiogenic intravitreal agent(s) more than 6 months ago to allow for long wash-out period exclusion criteria: * non-center involving diabetic macular edema * previous retinal laser or surgery * intravitreal steroid use * any condition that may be associated with a risk of macular edema such as age-related macular degeneration, retinal vein occlusion, vitreomacular traction, epiretinal membrane and others.

Keywords: micropulse laser
a study to assess real-world patient characteristics and clinical course for symptomatic patients with pkp2-acm

Conditions: Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy; PKP2-ACM; PKP2-ARVC

Summary: an observational study to assess real-world patient characteristics and clinical course of disease in participants with pkp2-acm.

snapshot-pkp2 is an observational, multicenter study that consists of 2 parts, a retrospective emr review (up to 2 years) and a prospective observational study (1 year), to evaluate the clinical burden of illness of patients with pkp2-acm, and to prospectively evaluate changes in key cardiac parameters and patient-reported outcome measures (proms) associated with pkp2-acm progression.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults with a clinical diagnosis of acm as defined by the 2010 revised task force criteria (tfc) * documentation of a pathogenic or likely pathogenic truncating variant in pkp2 * frequent premature ventricular contractions (pvcs) * patients must have an icd placed prior to enrollment * left ventricular ejection fraction (lvef) ≥ 50% for part a participants. left ventricular ejection fraction (lvef) ≥40% for part b participants. exclusion criteria: * evidence of variant(s) in addition to pkp2 that meet standard criteria to be considered pathogenic or likely pathogenic for an arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. * a history of other cardiac abnormalities as specified in the protocol. * new york heart association symptoms of heart failure of class iv at the time of consent. * a history of prior gene transfer therapy.

Keywords: arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy acm cardiomyopathy arvc arrhythmogenic right ventricular arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia genetic cardiomyopathy gene therapy pkp2 gene plakophilin-2 lx2020 snapshot-pkp2 ventricular arrhythmia pvcs sudden cardiac death cardiac arrest
canpos: predictive biomarkers of tumor progression in non-small cell lung cancer

Conditions: Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Summary: canpos is a non-interventional study aiming at evaluate at the time of initial surgery the value of new serum markers to predict the occurrence of metastases in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. this would represent a rational to develop personalized follow-up and prevention strategies


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with a diagnosis or suspected for a diagnosis of lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer * age over 18 years * patient naïve of any oncology treatment (excluding surgery alone) within the past 5 years * patient who signed the informed consent by the study protocol exclusion criteria were: * any ongoing treatment for cancer * any history of cancer within 5 years before the diagnosis of lung cancer * any psychological, sociological or geographical conditions that would not allow the study follow-up

Keywords: lung cancer biomarkers bone metastases
animal-assisted therapy in patients with schizophrenia

Conditions: Schizophrenia; Animal-assisted Therapy

Summary: animal-assisted therapy (aat) can be helpful to improve the psychiatric, emotional, physical,and social status in patients with physical and mental illness and the elderly. the study aims to investigate the effects of aat program in middle-aged and older patients with schizophrenia. the investigators will recruit 40 patients with schizophrenia in psychiatric ward randomised into aat group and control group. aat group will complete the 12-week program. this study contains two assessment sessions before and after intervention, including panss, acis, moca-t, chi, dass-21, cst, tug and 5mwt.

animal-assisted therapy (aat) can be helpful to improve the outcomes of psychiatric and emotional symptoms, physical activeness, social skills, well-beings in patients with physical and mental illness and the elderly. the study aims to assess the applications and outcomes of psychiatric symptoms, social skills, cognitive function, well-beings, emotional status and physical fitness of aat program applied to middle-aged and older patients with chronic schizophrenia. the investigators will recruit 40 patients with chronic schizophrenia who were admitted to day care ward and rehabilitation ward, and conduct a randomized, controlled study. 40 patients will be stratified by the ward into aat group and control group. aat group will complete the 12-week program. this study contains two assessment sessions completed within one week before and after 12-week program. subjects will be evaluated by the panss, acis, moca-t, chi, dass-21, cst, tug and 5mwt in both sessions. statistical analysis is examined using paired t-test to see whether there is a significant difference (based on p-value) between the scores of two assessment sessions in the aat and control group, and using independent t-test to see whether there is a significant difference in the change scores of two assessment sessions between the 2 groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. having a diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the dsm-5. 2. adult aged 40 years or older. 3. having stable physical and psychological health conditions based on master clinician judgment. 4. having the will to participate in the study after thorough comprehension of the content. 5. not receiving treatment protocol last half a year. exclusion criteria: 1. severe cognitive impairment e.g. aphasia, being unable to follow 3 or more orders. 2. being allergic to animals. 3. history of asthma. 4. coagulation disorders 5. presenting symptoms of specific phobia, anxiety disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder in context of dog, infection and contamination.

Keywords: schizophrenia animal-assisted therapy