Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
a study of disitamab vedotin combined with tislelizumab and chemotherapy versus tislelizumab combined with chemotherapy in her2-low advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma

Conditions: Gastric Carcinoma

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of \*\*disitamab vedotin combined with tislelizumab and capox versus tislelizumab combined with capox\*\* as first-line treatment for patients with her2-low advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * voluntarily consent to participate in the study and sign the informed consent form * expected survival period \>12 weeks * ecog performance status 0 or 1 * histologically confirmed unresectable locally advanced, metastatic, or recurrent gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma * no prior systemic therapy for locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer * her2-low expression * at least one assessable lesion according to recist v1.1 criteria * adequate organ function * for female subjects: they should be surgically sterilized, postmenopausal, or agree to use a medically approved contraceptive method (such as an intrauterine device, contraceptive pill, or condom) during the study treatment period and for 6 months after the end of the study treatment. a blood pregnancy test must be negative within 7 days before the study medication is administered, and they must not be breastfeeding * for male subjects: they should be surgically sterilized or agree to use a medically approved contraceptive method during the study treatment period and for 6 months after the end of the study treatment * able to understand the study requirements and willing to comply with the study and follow-up procedures exclusion criteria: * presence of central nervous system (cns) metastasis and/or carcinomatous meningitis * peripheral neuropathy \> grade 1 * tumor lesions with a tendency to bleed * uncontrolled diarrhea * bone metastases with a risk of paraplegia * past or current interstitial lung disease, or presence of drug-induced pneumonia, radiation pneumonia, or severely impaired lung function * other malignancies within 5 years before the first dose, except for those expected to be cured with treatment (e.g., adequately treated thyroid cancer, cervical carcinoma in situ, basal or squamous cell skin cancer, or ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast treated with curative surgery) * pregnant or breastfeeding women
input of c11-choline pet/ct in localization of parathyroid adenoma

Conditions: Hyperparathyroidism

Summary: the purpose of the study is to determine a possible input of c11-choline pet/ct in identification and localization of a parathyroid adenoma (pta). preoperative localization of a pta has been previously documented in multiple series, and is usually based on scintigraphy and on us. currently, the conventional technique for localization of a pta is a dual-isotope scan with tc99m-mibi and tc99m pertechnetate. this study is acquired over at least 3 hours, includes two i.v. injections and the patient has to stay 15-30 min per acquisition under the camera. in addition, there is no anatomical imaging and further correlation with us is usually recommended. in contrast, pet/ct study with c11-choline takes as long as 10 min., includes one injection, and provides data of higher resolution of functional (pet) and anatomical imaging (ct). furthermore, dosimetric data shows that the total effective dose from tc99mmibi and tc99m pertechnetate injection is (without ct): 0.5957 rem; and from c11-choline injection and ct of a chest is: 0.3128 - 0.8628rem.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * elevation of a calcium and parathyroid hormone in the serum

Keywords: localization of a parathyroid adenoma in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.
understanding how ketamine brings about rapid improvement in ocd

Conditions: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Summary: the purpose of this study is to understand how ketamine brings about rapid improvement in obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd) symptoms.

obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd) is a chronic and disabling disorder that costs the economy over $2 billion annually and represents a significant public health problem. this study aims to build on our discovery that a potent nmda receptor antagonist, ketamine, has rapid (in hours) and robust therapeutic effects in ocd. the proposed projects test the acute mechanism of action of ketamine at the level of molecules, circuits, and network synchrony to determine how nmda receptor antagonism modifies the underlying pathology of ocd to relieve repetitive thoughts and behaviors.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria for participants with ocd: * age 18-65 * primary diagnosis of ocd * sufficient severity of ocd symptoms * ability to tolerate a treatment-free period * capacity to provide informed consent inclusion criteria for healthy controls: * ages 18-65 * capacity to provide informed consent exclusion criteria for participants with ocd: * psychiatric or medical conditions that make participation unsafe * pregnant or nursing females * concurrent use of any medications that might increase the risk of participation (e.g. drug interactions) * presence of metallic device or dental braces exclusion criteria for healthy controls: * any current or lifetime psychiatric diagnosis * pregnant or nursing females * major medical or neurological problem * presence of metallic device or dental braces

Keywords: ocd
retinal fundus flavoprotein fluorescence in age related macular degeneration

Conditions: Geographic Atrophy; Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to learn if the areas of stressed cells in the retina correlate to areas of disease identified in standard imaging and whether the images are helpful to identify potential areas of concern before symptoms or disease occurs. the main question it aims to answer is: * to evaluate patterns of increased autofluorescence fpf in the setting of geographic atrophy participants will undergo fpf imaging using the ocumet beacon system.

the goal of this clinical trial is to learn if areas of mitochondrial functional distress in the macula (as imaged using fundus flavoprotein fluorescence) correlate with areas of anatomic disease identified on standard fundus autofluorescence (faf) imaging. the study aims to evaluate patterns of anomalous fundus flavoprotein fluorescence (fpf) in patients with advanced geographic atrophy (ga) due to dry age-related macular degeneration. participants will undergo fpf imaging using the ocumet beacon system and faf imaging using heidelberg spectralis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 50 years or older and may be either male or female of any race * established diagnosis of ga due to amd * ga characteristics: ga area of between 1.25 mm² and 23 mm², with seventy percent of eyes having ga area ranging from 2.5 mm2 to 17.5 mm2. ga may be unifocal or multifocal. ga may be subfoveal or extrafoveal, with twenty-five percent of eyes having subfoveal ga. the presence of concurrent peripapillary atrophy will not exclude subjects from participation * willing to participate as evidenced by signing the written informed consent exclusion criteria: * unable to tolerate ophthalmic imaging * presence of neovascular amd on oct as confirmed by an ophthalmologist * presence of significant media opacity preventing adequate retinal imaging * presence of concurrent retinal disease which may confound assessment
effects of proton pump inhibitors on kidney transplant recipients

Conditions: Transplant Dysfunction; Magnesium Disorder

Summary: use of proton pump inhibitors (ppis) is quite common among renal transplant recipients and reduced kidney functions and hypomagnesemia with the use of ppis have been reported. in this study, investigation of the effects of ppi use on the outcome of kidney transplant recipients is aimed.

use of proton pump inhibitors (ppis) is frequent among renal transplant recipients due to the common use of glucocorticoids in immunosuppresive regimens after transplantation. reduced kidney functions and hypomagnesemia with the use of ppis have been reported in various patient populations. however, few studies examined the effects of ppis on kidney transplant recipients. therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of ppi and/or histamine h2 receptor antagonist use on serum magnesium levels, allograft functions and survival in kidney transplant recipients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * kidney transplant recipients who used only proton pump inhibitors and did not use histamine h2 receptor antagonists (only ppi). * kidney transplant recipients who used histamine h2 receptor antagonists and did not use proton pump inhibitors (only h2ra). * kidney transplant recipients who used both proton pump inhibitors and histamine h2 receptor antagonists (ppi and h2ra). * kidney transplant recipients who used neither proton pump inhibitors nor histamine h2 receptor antagonists (no acid suppressive treatment). exclusion criteria: * patients who are unwilling or unable to consent.

Keywords: chronic rejection transplant outcome
effectiveness of dry needling of the sternocleidomastoid in patients with cervicogenic headaches

Conditions: Cervicogenic Headache

Summary: evaluating the benefit of dry needling of the sternocleidomastoid muscle in subjects with cervicogenic headaches.

the purpose of this study is to determine whether individuals with cervicogenic headache respond favorably to a program of manual therapy in combination with dry needling of the major muscle between chest bone and the head (sternocleidomastoid muscle) compared to manual therapy directed to the upper body quadrant alone. the researchers will conduct a randomized clinical trial to assess the effectiveness of a manual therapy and dry needling approach (group 1) vs. manual therapy only. (group 2)

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age between 18-65 years old 2. primary complaint of cervicogenic headache 3. restricted cervical range of motion 4. neck disability index \> 20 points exclusion criteria: 1. red flags identified during the patients physical therapy initial evaluation (i.e. tumor, fracture, metabolic diseases, ra, osteoporosis, prolonged history of steroid use, symptoms of vertebrobasilary insufficiency, pregnancy, cervical spinal stenosis, bilateral upper extremity symptoms etc. 2. use of blood thinners 3. history of whiplash injury within the past six weeks 4. evidence of central nervous system involvement, to include hyperreflexia, sensory disturbances in the hand, intrinsic muscle wasting of the hands, unsteadiness during walking, nystagmus, loss of visual acuity, impaired sensation of the face, altered taste, the presence of pathological reflexes (i.e. positive hoffman's and/or babinski reflexes), etc. 5. two or more positive neurologic signs consistent with nerve root compression, including any two of the following: 1. muscle weakness involving a major muscle group of the upper extremity 2. diminished upper extremity muscle stretch reflex (biceps brachii, brachioradialis, or triceps) 3. diminished or absent sensation to pinprick in any upper extremity dermatome 6. prior surgery to the neck or thoracic spine 7. chiropractic, physical therapy, or acupuncture treatment for their neck pain in the last 6-months 8. workers compensation or pending legal action regarding their headaches 9. insufficient english language skills to complete all questionnaires 10. inability to comply with treatment and follow-up schedule

Keywords: dry needling cervicogenic headache manual therapy
survival rate and cost-effectiveness of conventional vs art restorations in a school setting

Conditions: Dental Caries

Summary: this study will investigate the performance and cost-effectiveness of glass-ionomer restorations placed in school children in an outreach setting in rural areas in south africa over a 2-year period, when placed using either art (in a classroom) or conventional (in a mobile clinic) cavity preparation.

access to dental care in south african townships is very limited, as indicated by a caries prevalence of 84% and severity of 4.9 (dmft) in 6 year olds. to tackle this burden school-based tooth-brushing programs have been suggested to be cost-effective while reducing inequalities in accessibility. however, despite their efforts, the caries burden remains high. alternatives are mobile dental services or treatment techniques that do not require extensive equipment such as atraumatic restorative treatment (art). mobile dental services are more cost-effective than stationary clinics, but the costs of acquiring, outfitting, and running a mobile dental truck are factors that may hamper the broader use of this model. art on the other hand is easy to execute with minimal equipment and monetary resources. but the drawback is a typically lower survival rate of art restorations compared to conventional placed restorations. this study aims to further assess and compare the performance and cost-effectiveness of glass-ionomer restorations when placed using either art (in a classroom) or conventional (in a mobile clinic) cavity preparation in south african school children stemming from a periurban area. the results of this research may help to assess and implement future oral health care programs.

Eligibility criteria:
general inclusion criteria: * children (4-8 years of age) * guardians have given informed consent * child is cooperative and assented inclusion criteria for teeth * cavity \> 1 mm * tooth has no pathological mobility * tooth has no preexisting developmental defects * tooth has no pulp exposure or is indication for endodontic treatment * no pain, fistula or abscess related to the selected tooth exclusion criteria for teeth * cavity \> 1 mm * tooth has no pathological mobility

Keywords: glass ionomer cements atraumatic restorative treatment cost effectiveness oral health
pharmaceutical care program for pharmacological treatment of depression in primary care

Conditions: Depression

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of pharmaceutical services among patients starting a treatment with antidepressants for a diagnosis of depression. the hypothesis of the study is that pharmacist intervention can improve compliance to antidepressants and patient wellbeing.

the aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a support program in community pharmacy on the improvement of the compliance to antidepressants and the clinic of typical primary care patients under normal practice circumstances. that implies that the intervention is made by pharmacists without any specific requirement that work in the community pharmacies set up in the area of study and on patients following the usual medical circuit. as well, the cost of the support program is calculated in order to set the effectiveness of the program.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical diagnosis for depression from a general practitioner * beginning a pharmacological antidepressant treatment * going to one of the participant community pharmacies exclusion criteria: * used antidepressant medication in the past 2 months * had an appointment with an specialist in mental disorders in the past 2 months * history of psychotic or bipolar episodes * history of drug abuse or dependency * cognitive impairment that not allows assessment

Keywords: medication adherence antidepressive agents primary care pharmaceutical care
vitamin d supplementation study

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer; Vitamin D Deficiency

Summary: patients with colorectal cancer will be recruited to undergo vitamin d supplementation in the peri-operative period. vitamin d levels (25ohd) will be measured to assess response to supplementation.

patients with a new diagnosis of colorectal cancer will be recruited from colorectal outpatient clinics after confirmation of eligibility. potential participants will be identified by their healthcare team comprising of clinical nurse specialist or surgeon and co-enrolment with portfolio studies including allegro and prepare-abc will be permitted. patients undergoing neo-adjuvant therapy, already established on supplementary vitamin d or with contra-indications to vitamin d supplementation will be excluded. after informed consent participants will undergo blood sampling at baseline (for 25ohd level and dna) and given 3200iu cholecalciferol (fultium) per day to take until the time of surgery (median time from pre-operative clinic 4 weeks). further blood sampling will be performed on the day of surgery, in the early post-operative period (1-2 days, 3-5 days, 6-9 days) and at the first post-operative clinic appointment. where possible surplus serum from clinically indicated blood tests will be collected to assay 25ohd and reduce need to additional venesection.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria - * all participants will be aged 16 years or over. * participants must be resident in the united kingdom. * undergoing bowel cancer surgery exclusion criteria * patients who may be at increased risk from vitamin d supplementation including: * kidney disease * high levels of calcium in the blood * atherosclerosis * sarcoidosis * histoplasmosis * over-active parathyroid gland (hyperparathyroidism) * lymphoma * currently taking thiazide diuretics, digoxin or other cardiac glycosides * known allergy to nuts (as peanut oil contained within vitamin d preparations) * female subjects of child bearing age who are not taking effective contraception during the period of the trial

Keywords: colorectal vitamin d
hilt or conventional combined physical therapy, in the management of hemiplegic shoulder pain

Conditions: Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain; Hemiplegia; Physical Therapy; High Intensity Laser

Summary: background: hemiplegic shoulder pain is one of the most common complications after a stroke. there are many treatment strategies for this complication. high-intensity laser therapy (hilt) is a new treatment option, and we aimed to compare the effectiveness of conventional electrotherapy agents and hilt in this study. patients and methods: participants (n = 42) were randomized into the hilt (n = 21) and tens+us (n = 21) groups. group 1 received 3 sessions of hilt per week for 3 weeks in addition to a therapeutic exercise program that performed 5 sessions per week for 3 weeks. group 2 received conventional physical therapy and a therapeutic exercise program for hsp of 5 sessions per week for 3 weeks. patients were assessed before and after treatment on the on the 6th week for radiological evaluation with ultrasonography and for clinical parameters with vas, amat, mrs, and fiq scores.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed case of hsp, * age ≥18, * first-ever unilateral stroke, * visual analog scale (vas) ≥30 mm, * time since stroke ≥6 months, * time since last local intervention treatment \>6 months. exclusion criteria: * a history of shoulder pain prior to stroke; * an unstable medical condition or uncontrolled systemic diseases (such as respiratory failure, congestive heart failure, liver and kidney dysfunction, or any other disorders affecting neuromuscular function); * bilateral hemiplegia; * cardiac pacemakers; * disturbance of awareness, severe visual and cognitive impairment, mini-mental state examination score: \<23 points
a comparison between paclitaxel-eluting balloon in combination with bms implantation vs conventional balloon and des implantation

Conditions: Myocardial Ischemia

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of predilation with paclitaxel-eluting balloon and bare metal stent implantation vs conventional balloon and drug-eluting stent implantation in terms of restenosis


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age\> 18 years * angina or stress test positive for ischemia * de novo coronary stenosis\>50% exclusion criteria: * recent myocardial infarction (\<72h) * severe chronic kidney disease * allergy to paclitaxel * contraindication for combined antiplatelet treatment * life expectancy \<1 year * hypersensitivity or contraindication to one of the study drugs * lack of consent
the yield of postnatal thyroid function test in the well baby nursery

Conditions: Hypothyroidism

Summary: thyroid function test are performed in the well baby nursery to newborn infants of mothers with hypothyroidism, or as part of neonatal jaundice investigation. as thyroid function test are also part of the national screening test program, the investigators raised the option that the above management is unnecessary, and managed a study to investigate it.

thyroid function test are performed in the well baby nursery to newborn infants of mothers with hypothyroidism, or as part of neonatal jaundice investigation. as thyroid function test are also part of the national screening test program, the investigators raised the option that the above management is unnecessary, and managed a study to investigate it. the study is retrospective. about 4000 infants are born in the center every year. the investigators wish to examine data for 10 years, i.e. about 40000 files. the investigators will collect all the national screening test program results and compare them to the thyroid function test performed in that center.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * infants born in our medical center * term infants * admitted to well baby nursery and stayed there until discharge exclusion criteria: * preterm infants * transferred to neonatal intensive care unit for any reason
the effect of electro-hyperthermia in preoperative radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer

Conditions: Rectal Cancer; Hyperthermia

Summary: preoperative radiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer increases the possibility of complete resection and anal sphincter preservation. however, a treatment period of from 5 to 6 weeks is an obstacle of proper surgical intervention. also, radiotherapy itself is confronting challenges for maximizing the therapeutic effect and minimizing the side effects. electro-hyperthermia is appropriate treatment method to solve these kinds of problems. in this clinical trial, therapeutic effect of the high-frequency electro-hyperthermia is to be verified during preoperative radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer. the ultimate goal is to establish a safe and effective treatment protocol.

preoperative radiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer increases the possibility of complete resection and anal sphincter preservation. however, a treatment period of from 5 to 6 weeks is an obstacle of proper surgical intervention. also, radiotherapy itself is confronting challenges for maximizing the therapeutic effect and minimizing the side effects. electro-hyperthermia is appropriate treatment method to solve these kinds of problems. in this clinical trial, therapeutic effect of the high-frequency electro-hyperthermia is to be verified during preoperative radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer. the endpoint of the trial is treatment safety and non-inferiority of tumor regression to conventional schedule of preoperative radiotherapy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pathologically-proven rectal adenocarcinoma within 15 cm from anal verge * clinically t3-4 stage or positive lymph nodes * performance status 0-2 * proper function of bone marrow, kidney, and liver exclusion criteria: * past disease history of rectum * hereditary colorectal cancer * chronic inflammatory bowel disease * bower stenosis * active infection * myocardial infarction, uncontrolled arrhythmia, angina pectoris, or cardiac insufficiency within 6 months * pregnancy, nursing * unresected contemporary colon cancer * thermal hypersensitivity * too much subcutaneous fat in the abdominal and pelvic area