Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
helping poor smokers quit

Conditions: Smoking Cessation; Smoking, Tobacco; Smoking, Cigarette; Smoking, Pipe; Smoking (Tobacco) Addiction; Smoking; Tobacco Use; Tobacco Dependence; Tobacco Use Cessation; Tobacco Smoking; Tobacco; Use, Rehabilitation; Nicotine Dependence; Nicotine Use Disorder; Nicotine Dependence, Cigarettes; Nicotine Dependence Tobacco Product

Summary: using a 2x2 randomized factorial design, we will conduct a statewide field trial in missouri to compare the relative and combined effects of these two strategies for augmenting an existing, evidence-based tobacco quitline program. among 2000 low-income smokers, half will receive standard missouri quitline services and half will receive new specialized quitline services targeted to this group. in each of these groups, half also will receive calls from a trained navigator to help them address unmet basic needs and the accompanying psychological distress that act as barriers to smoking cessation.

2-1-1 information specialists will deliver standard service, then ask a random number of callers per day if they would be willing to answer a few health questions as part of a new 2-1-1 service. callers eligible to receive the invitation to screen for study eligibility will be: missouri residents, calling for themselves, english-speaking, and not in acute crisis. eligible smokers will then be asked if they are willing to share their contact information with a research team conducting a study to help smokers quit. smokers who agree to share their contact information will be considered "enrolled". trained 2-1-1 operators will record all recruitment screening data in a secure electronic database that is shared with research staff. research staff will attempt to reach enrolled smokers by phone by the next business day. alere, through the missouri tobacco quitline, will provide quitline services to smokers in all study conditions. contact information and study group assignment for smokers will be provided to alere via secure data transfer.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years and older * missouri resident * english speaking * not in crisis * smoke cigarettes every day of the week * planning to quit smoking in the next 30 days * comfortable receiving calls from smoking expert and project team * willing to provide phone numbers to be reached exclusion criteria: * pregnant or planning to become pregnant in the next 3 months * currently breastfeeding * insurance through employer * currently enrolled in smoking quitline
potassium nitrate gel and diode laser for dentinal hypersensitivity

Conditions: Hypersensitivity Dentin

Summary: the goal of this randomized clinical trial is to evaluate whether combining a potassium nitrate gel with diode laser therapy is more effective in treating dentinal hypersensitivity compared to using the gel alone. the study involves adult participants with at least two teeth affected by dentinal hypersensitivity. the main questions it aims to answer are: does the combined use of potassium nitrate gel and diode laser therapy reduce dentinal hypersensitivity more effectively than gel alone? how does this combined treatment impact sensitivity-related quality of life over time? researchers will compare the outcomes between the two groups (combined therapy versus gel alone) to determine the effectiveness of the combined treatment. participants will: undergo assessments of dentinal hypersensitivity using the shiff air index (sai) and visual analog scale (vas) at baseline and at follow-ups (1 month, 3 months, and 6 months post-treatment). complete a questionnaire to evaluate the impact of dentinal hypersensitivity on daily life at baseline and after 6 months.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults aged 18 years or older. * at least two teeth affected by dentinal hypersensitivity. * good standard of home oral hygiene. exclusion criteria: * use of pain relievers. * ongoing orthodontic treatment. * non-vital teeth or teeth with restorative materials. * pregnant or breastfeeding women.

Keywords: dentinal hypersensitivity potassium nitrate diode laser therapy desensitization dental pain management
effectiveness of home-based electronic cognitive therapy in alzheimer's disease

Conditions: Memory Disorders; Mild Cognitive Impairment; Alzheimer's Disease

Summary: the current study will examine the use of a mobile electronic application used to deliver cognitive rehabilitation to patients with mild cognitive impairment due (mci) due to alzheimer's disease (ad), and patients with mild ad. patients will be given a specific cognitive rehabilitation program on their mobile device (ipad) with specific tasks for them to complete. the goal of this study is to determine if a) patients are able to use and adhere to a cognitive rehabilitation program delivered to their mobile device and b) to determine if patients can improve their language, attention, and memory by completing cognitive rehabilitation tasks assigned to them.

in the current study, the investigators are examining the use of a mobile electronic application used to deliver cognitive rehabilitation tasks to patients with mild cognitive impairment due to alzheimer's disease, and patients with mild alzheimer's disease. an estimated 100 patients will be enrolled into the study (\~50 patients with mild cognitive impairment, \~50 patients with alzheimer's disease). participants will either receive memory tasks designed to help stabilize or improve memory (intervention group) or a set of word or math puzzles (control group). participants will complete memory tasks or puzzles for a six month period. the investigators will conduct pre- and post- neuropsychological testing to assess changes in cognitive status (e.g., memory, language, executive functioning) in the intervention group. neuropsychological tests assessing changes to cognition will be completed prior to participant assignment to the intervention or control group. both groups will then be assessed again using neuropsychological tests. the investigators will also assess changes in performance on cognitive rehabilitation tests over the six month period to determine the efficacy of these tasks.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment due to alzheimer's disease (mci due to ad) by the patient's referring clinician per recent national institutes of aging-alzheimer's association criteria (albert et al., 2011). * a diagnosis of mild alzheimer's disease by the patient's referring clinician per recent national institutes of aging-alzheimer's association criteria (mckhann et al., 2011). * 50-90 years of age. exclusion criteria: * younger than the age of 50 or older than the age of 90. * any self-reported history of substance abuse or alcohol abuse. * any self-reported history of prior head trauma (e.g., stroke, traumatic brain injury) * any prior self-reported history of significant depression or other mood disorder.

Keywords: cognitive rehabilitation mobile electronic application memory tasks
pneumoperitoneum increases mean expiratory flow rate: an observational study in healthy-lung patients

Conditions: Pneumoperitoneum Increases Mean Expiratory Flow Rate

Summary: upon introducing pneumoperitoneum our research team noticed a reduction in expiration time displayed on the screen of the anesthesia machine. since most respirators do not directly indicate the length of expiratory time and the average expiratory flow rate, we decided to investigate whether pneumoperitoneum really accelerates expiratory flow rate and thus shortens expiratory time.

furthermore we also intended to investigate which ventilation parameters these changes can be correlated with, elucidating the factors contributing to the acceleration of expiration.. this study aims to uncover the physiological mechanisms behind alterations in respiratory dynamics during and after pneumoperitoneum, offering valuable insights that may aid in refining ventilation strategies in the context of laparoscopic procedures.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * elective laparoscopic abdominal surgery, healthy lung patients, age over 18 years. obrained, written informed consent to partake in the research. exclusion criteria: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, silicosis, and those with a history of previous lung surgery, patients under 18 years of age, those who had not provided consent, and pregnant individuals were excluded from the study. -

Keywords: mechanical ventilation; body mass index; chest compliance; pneumoperitoneum; expiratory flow rate, intraabdominal pressure, laparoscopic surgery
electro-acupuncture (ea) in children undergoing procedures for congenital heart defects.

Conditions: Congenital Heart Defect

Summary: this is a single site, randomized, blinded, sham controlled, parallel group study to identify whether electro-acupuncture (ea) is a beneficial anesthesia adjunct in children undergoing procedures on their congenital heart defects (chd).

this investigation is a single site, randomized, blinded, sham controlled, parallel group study to identify whether ea is a beneficial anesthesia adjunct in children undergoing procedures on their congenital heart defects. study subjects age's birth to eighteen years, undergoing cardiac surgery for their congenital heart lesions will be considered for entrance into the study. the randomized subjects will receive either ea or sham during their surgery for chd. subjects are expected to remain in the hospital 48 hours post procedure. standard of care blood samples will be obtained pre-operative and post-operative. the only study specific blood sample will be troponin i levels which will be obtained before surgery begins after the iv lines have been placed, and 6 hours after bypass. urine samples will be obtained before surgery after placement of the foley catheter and every 6 hours post bypass aortic cross clamp removal for 48 hours while the foley catheter is still in place.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients 0-18 years of age undergoing procedures on their congenital heart defects where an aortic cross clamp will be placed. additionally, patients with coarctation of the aorta for repair will be considered as a separate group and eligible for enrollment. * willing to provide written assent/consent in english. exclusion criteria: * patients with skin lesions over more than 50% of ea sites. * patients in renal failure. * patients on chronic opioid therapy. * unwilling to provide written assent/consent in english.
study of proellex in pre-menopausal women with symptomatic uterine fibroids

Conditions: Uterine Fibroids

Summary: two (2) dose levels of proellex or placebo will be administered once-daily for up to 91 days. following screening and a pre-treatment endometrial biopsy, subjects will be followed monthly for the three month treatment phase.

two (2) dose levels of proellex or placebo will be administered once-daily for up to 91 days. following screening and a pre-treatment endometrial biopsy, subjects will be followed monthly for the three month treatment phase. at the three-month treatment visit, subjects will be entered into an open-label extension treatment protocol, if deemed eligible. at four months after their first treatment visit, subjects not electing to enter the open-label study will be assessed at a final follow-up visit.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * at least one leiomyoma must have been identifiable and measurable by abdominal/pelvic ultrasound. * must have had a history of one or both of the following leiomyomata-associated symptoms, excessive menstrual bleeding, or pain exclusion criteria: * post-menopausal women, as defined as one or more of the following: 1. six months or more (immediately prior to screening visit) without a menstrual period, or 2. prior hysterectomy and/or oophorectomy * subjects with documented endometriosis

Keywords: uterine fibroids
daily and weekly iron supplementation in infants

Conditions: Anemia; Iron Status; Infants; Iron

Summary: this study aims to compare the efficacy of daily iron supplementation and weekly iron supplementation in infants aged 6-12 months on the prevalence of anemia, hemoglobin level, and serum ferritin levels. infants will be enrolled at 6 months and will be randomly assigned to receive either daily or weekly iron supplementation for the first 3 months and will be followed by weekly iron supplementation for another 3 months.

this study aims to compare the efficacy of daily iron supplementation and weekly iron supplementation in infants aged 6-12 months on the prevalence of anemia, hemoglobin level, and serum ferritin levels. normal birth weight and term infants will be enrolled at 6 months based on the inclusion criteria. eligible participants will be assessed at baseline, including anthropometry, dietary intake, and biochemistry (hemoglobin, iron status, vitamin a status, and inflammation). participants will then be randomly assigned to receive either daily or weekly iron supplementation for the first 3 months. participants will be followed up at 9 months for the same assessments and will receive weekly iron supplementation for another 3 months. participants will be followed up at 12 months and the same assessments will be performed. after that, participants will go back to the routine health care service, weekly iron supplementation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * apparently healthy infant, aged 6 months ± 2 weeks * having a birth weight between 2,500 and 4,000 grams * being born full term (37 to 41 weeks of age + 6 days) * having hemoglobin ≥ 10.5 g/dl * being planned to breastfeed with complementary food and/or complementary foods with formula milk exclusion criteria: * infants with chronic illnesses or thalassemia clinical signs such as anemia, enlarged liver, or spleen (if parental history suggests the child is at risk of developing a thalassemia disease that may not show clinical symptoms) * previously or currently taking an iron supplement

Keywords: anemia iron status infants iron supplementation
envarsus xl immunosuppression following liver transplantation

Conditions: Recipients of Liver Transplant

Summary: the standard immunosuppressive regimen for liver transplantation includes twice daily tacrolimus (prograf). in other transplantation models, there are potential benefits to extended release formulations as lower peak concentrations are thought to have lower rates of nephrotoxicity. additionally, compliance with once daily medications is felt to be easier than twice daily medications. our aim is to look at our prospective liver transplant group and see if once daily tacrolimus (envarsus xr) results in improved renal function as well as improved health care quality of life.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. provision of signed and dated informed consent form 2. stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study 3. male or female, aged 18 years or older 4. recipients of a first-time liver transplant 5. serum creatinine level less than 2.0 on post-operative day 3-7 6. ability to take oral medication and be willing to adhere to the assigned immunosuppression regimen 7. agreement to adhere to lifestyle considerations (see section 5.3) throughout study duration exclusion criteria: 1. any prior use of tacrolimus or cyclosporine 2. recipients of prior organ transplant 3. need for hemodialysis in the week preceding or following liver transplantation 4. recipients of living donor liver or split deceased donor liver allografts 5. recipients of combined liver/kidney transplants 6. pregnancy or lactation 7. recipients of abo incompatible liver allografts
a comparison of daily disposable contact lenses.

Conditions: Myopia

Summary: this study seeks to evaluate the clinical performance of a new ce marked daily disposable contact lens that contains a wetting agent to a recently improved daily disposable contact lens.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * they are of legal age (18 years) and capacity to volunteer. * they understand their rights as a research subject and are willing to sign a statement of informed consent. * they are willing and able to follow the protocol. * they would be expected to attain at least 6/9 (20/30) in each eye with the study lenses. * they are able to wear contact lenses with a back vertex power of -1.00 to -6.00ds. * they have a maximum of 1.00d of refractive astigmatism (i.e. ≤ 1.00 dc). * they have successfully worn contact lenses within six months of starting the study. exclusion criteria: * they have an ocular disorder which would normally contra-indicate contact lens wear. * they have a systemic disorder which would normally contra-indicate contact lens wear. * they are using any topical medication such as eye drops or ointment. * they are aphakic. * they have had corneal refractive surgery. * they have any corneal distortion resulting from previous hard or rigid lens wear or has keratoconus. * they are pregnant or lactating. * they have grade 2 or greater of any of the following ocular surface signs: corneal oedema, corneal vascularisation, corneal staining, tarsal conjunctival changes or any other abnormality which would normally contraindicate contact lens wear. * they have any infectious disease (e.g. hepatitis) or any immunosuppressive disease (e.g. hiv). * they have diabetes. * they have taken part in any other clinical trial or research, within two weeks prior to starting this study.

Keywords: refractive error
trauma induced coagulopathy and inflammation

Conditions: Trauma Injury; Trauma; Coagulopathy

Summary: while a number of factors are known to be associated with the development of trauma induced coagulopathy (tic), inflammation, and multi-organ failure, we currently cannot predict which patients are at risk for developing these life threatening conditions with any certainty. in this prospective observational study, we will investigate the many factors that contribute to the development of trauma induced coagulopathy, post injury inflammation and the development of organ dysfunction in order to develop a multi scale computational algorithm of clinical prediction. using a convenience sample technique, demographic data, physiologic data, blood samples and clinical variables will be collected over 5 days following traumatic injury. a computational model will be used to predict the development of tic and multi-organ failure.

a prospective, observational, convenience sample of trauma patients 18 years old or older who present to the trauma bay as a trauma alert will be included after evaluation by the on-call trauma surgeon and research assistant. minimally injured patients will be compared to those with a systolic blood pressure of 90 mmhg or less, the need for blood product transfusion within 1 hour of admission, and/or an iss (injury severity score) of greater than or equal to 15. demographic data including past medical/medication history as well as clinical data including continuous vital signs will be recorded. if eligibility criteria are met, the research blood samples will be drawn at the same time as routine clinical samples. blood samples (approximately 15 ml) will be taken on admission, 3hr, 6hrs, 12hrs, 24 hrs, 48 hrs, and 5 days post admission. vital signs, number of blood transfusions, volume of crystalloid, administration of medications, and the values of routine laboratories will be monitored continuously for 24 hours, and then cumulatively for up to 5 days. after the last blood draw, we will be following the patient's outcome for up to 30 days. if patients are discharged or die prior to completing the 5 days of blood samples, additional samples and/or clinic appointments for the purpose of research will not be obtained. a computational algorithm will be used to predict the development of trauma induced coagulopathy, inflammation and multi-organ failure.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * injured patients presenting to the trauma bay with a trauma alert activation (highest level of activation) * age 18 years old or more exclusion criteria: * transfer duration to trauma service exceeding 6 hours. * known pregnancy

Keywords: trauma induced coagulopathy
role of ultrasound guided peripheral thoracic tumors

Conditions: Thoracic Neoplasms

Summary: the aim of the study was to calculate sensitivity, and accuracy of ultrasound guided percutaneous core needle biopsy in different thoracic tumors (lung, pleural, chest wall and mediastinal).

peripheral intrathoracic shadows are common presentation of different diseases of different origin (chest wall, pleura, pulmonary, and mediastinum), they are increasing in numbers including, peripheral lung cancer, tuberculosis, pneumonia, and atelectasis. \[1\] thoracic masses with wall contact represent a frequent pathology that requires complex imaging studies, and often interventional procedures, in order to reach the complete diagnosis. in most cases, after a thoracic lesion is found on a thoracic x-ray, the next step is to perform a ct and/or a bronchoscopy exam, but pleural and pulmonary lesions often call for additional investigations. therefore, transthoracic ultrasonography (us) permits visualization of these lesions, their structural characterization, while offering suggestive elements for their malignant nature and for the differential diagnosis. sonography has the capacity to clarify the nature of opaque lesions such as effusions, atelectasis, masses, and consolidations. transthoracic ultrasound has received increased interest from chest physicians in recent years as it has the advantages of bedside availability, absence of radiation, and guided aspiration of fluid-filled areas and solid tumors. furthermore us allows percutaneous guided biopsies with lower risks compared with the radiological guiding methods (fluoroscopy and ct). trransthoracic us can replace other imaging modalities of the chest and guide a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. under real time us guidance, the success rate of transthoracic needle aspiration or biopsy (tnb) significantly increases, whereas the risk of complications is greatly reduced.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. an acoustic window for the ultrasound beam to penetrate. 2. patients have platelet count more than 100000 and normal prothrombin time. exclusion criteria: 1. cardio vascular instability. 2. arterio venous malformation or aneurysm. 3. patients with uncontrolled convulsions

Keywords: ultrasound; . chest; diseases core needle biopsy