Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
pressure difference between brain and eye: a possible cause to normal tension glaucoma.

Conditions: Normal Tension Glaucoma

Summary: the main aim of this study is to determine the trans-laminal cribrosa pressure difference (tlcpd) for normal tension glaucoma (ntg) patients from the brain and the eye in supine, upright and minor head down tilt positions. it is also to investigate the venous drainage system in the same body positions.

the trans-lamina cribrosa pressure difference (tlcpd), i.e. the difference between the intraocular pressure (iop) and the intracranial pressure (icp) has been suggested as a pathophysiological component in glaucoma. the theory is that high tlcpd, either due to elevated iop or reduced icp, can cause glaucomatous damage. normal tension glaucoma (ntg) patients has been found to have a slightly reduced icp when measured in horizontal position. however, in a previous study in healthy adult volunteers the investigators have measured tlcpd at supine, sitting and 9 degree head down tilt positions and found that the tlcpd was posture dependent, with the largest difference in the upright position. since humans are upright approximately two thirds of the day, one can expect that tlcpd in a diurnal perspective is primarily influenced by the icp in the upright position. in this study the tlcpd in different positions in patients with ntg will therefore be measured. the study will be carried out in three parts. 1. tlcpd will be investigated by simultaneous measurements of iop and icp. for iop the applanation resonance tonometer (art), developed by our research group, will be used. art is independent of gravitation and possible to use in all body postures. in this study measurements will be performed in supine, sitting and head down tilt positions. icp is measured continuously during the period of body position changes with a celda lumbar pressure measurement apparatus. 2. brain and eye mri investigation will be performed at a 3 tesla ge scanner with a new generation 32-channels head coil. the images will be used to measure the cross-section area, the blood flow velocity and the flow direction in the jugular veins, as well as the structural properties of the optic nerve and optic nerve head. 3. ultrasound imaging, using a high-resolution apparatus, will be performed to study the effects of postural changes on the blood flow velocity and the cross-section area of the right and left internal jugular veins and external jugular veins.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject has normal tension glaucoma in one or both eyes (glaucomatous optic nerve head and corresponding visual field defects) * intraocular pressures before treatment did not exceed 21 mmhg. occasional measurement up to 24 is accepted. exclusion criteria: * history of brain disease or brain surgery * history of other neurologic or ocular disease causing visual field loss * use of anticoagulants other than acetylsalicylic acid * use of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors * previous lumbar puncture * claustrophobia
spironolactone and prevention of peritoneal fibrosis in peritoneal dialysis

Conditions: End Stage Renal Disease

Summary: this is a double blind randomized controlled study to evaluate the effect of aldactone on peritoneal fibrosis on incident peritoneal dialysis patients. the study would include a total of 40 incident peritoneal dialysis patients. peritoneal biopsy would be made at randomization and 6 months after the intervention to evaluate the effect of renin angiotensin blockade on peritoneal fibrosis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \> 18 * hospitalized for peritoneal catheter placement for peritoneal dialysis exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * hiperkalemia (k\> 5.5meq/l) * intolerance to spironolactone

Keywords: spironolactone peritoneal fibrosis peritoneal dialysis
a study of aticaprant in adult and elderly participants with major depressive disorder (mdd)

Conditions: Depressive Disorder, Major

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the long-term safety and tolerability of aticaprant administered as adjunctive therapy to a current antidepressant (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor \[ssri\] or serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor \[snri\]) in all participants with major depressive disorder (mdd).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: transferred-entry participants: -participants must have completed the double blind (db) (expand db) treatment phase of study 67953964mdd3001 or study 67953964mdd3002 without early treatment discontinuation or switch in the oral selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (ssri/snri) in the parent study direct-entry participants: * have a hamilton depression rating scale (hdrs)-17 total score of 20 or higher at the first and second screening interviews and must not demonstrate a clinically significant improvement (that is, an improvement of more than 20 percent (%) on their hdrs-17 total score) between the first and the second independent hdrs-17 assessments * have had an inadequate response to at least 1 oral antidepressant treatment, administered at an adequate dose (at or above the minimum therapeutic dose per massachusetts general hospital antidepressant treatment response questionnaire \[mgh atrq\]) and duration (at least 6 weeks) in the current episode of depression * must be an outpatient at open-label treatment phase baseline * meet diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-5th edition (dsm-5) diagnostic criteria for recurrent or single episode major depressive disorder (mdd), without psychotic features, based upon clinical assessment and confirmed by the structured clinical interview for dsm-5 axis i disorders-clinical trials version (scid-ct) direct-entry and transferred-entry participants: -participants should not take any prohibited medication or food supplements exclusion criteria: transferred-entry participants: * participant has been non-compliant with the study intervention administration in the db treatment phase in either of studies 67953964mdd3001 or 67953964mdd3002 (that is, have missed either 4 or more consecutive doses of study intervention or a total of 8 or more doses during the db treatment phase) * participant has any condition or situation/circumstance for which, in the opinion of the investigator, participation would not be in the best interest of the participant (example, compromise the well-being) or that could prevent, limit, or confound the protocol specified assessments direct-entry participants: * employee of the investigator or study site, with direct involvement in the proposed study or other studies under the direction of that investigator or study site, as well as family members of the employees or the investigator * has a history or evidence of clinically meaningful noncompliance with current antidepressant therapy * known allergies, hypersensitivity, or intolerance to aticaprant or any of its excipients

Keywords: depressive disorder, major aticaprant
respiratory functions and muscle strength, trunk control, functional capacity and independence in hemiplegic patients

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: the aim of this study was to invastigate the relationship between respiratory functions and respiratory muscle strength with trunk control, functional capacity and functional independence in hemiplegic patients after stroke. in our study, 25 hemiplegic patients were included on a voluntary basis. pulmonary function test (pft) for respiratory functions, mouth pressure measurement (mip: maximal ınspiratory pressure, mep: maximal expiratory pressure) for respiratory muscle strenght. trunk impairment scale (tis) for trunk control, and time up and go test (tug) for functional capacity and barthel index (bi) for functional independence assessment were used.

stroke is a clinical picture where motor loss, emotional and balance disororder, speech and cognitive functions are seen as a obstruction or rupture of cerebral vessels. %10 of patients with stroke recover spontaneously within the first month: the other %10 do not respond treatment. %80 of patients need rehabilitation. the purpose of stroke rehabilitation is to provide individuals with the functional capacity and functional indepence they need in the shortest time. the aim of this study was to invastigate the relationship between respiratory functions and respiratory muscle strength with trunk control, functional capacity and functional independence in hemiplegic patients after stroke. in our study, 25 hemiplegic patients were included on a voluntary basis. pulmonary function test (pft) for respiratory functions, mouth pressure measurement (mip: maximal ınspiratory pressure, mep: maximal expiratory pressure) for respiratory muscle strenght. trunk impairment scale (tis) for trunk control, and time up and go test (tug) for functional capacity and barthel index (bi) for functional independence assessment were used.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of ischemic stroke * over age 40 years * brunnstrom stage 3-6. exclusion criteria: * having an additional clinical problem affecting lung functions, * mini-mental test score below 24, * having another cardiovascular disease except stroke.

Keywords: stroke hemiplegia respiratory function respiratory muscle strength trunk control
efficacy and safety clinical trial of the combination of acetylsalicylic acid, sodium bicarbonate and citric acid, produced by geolab pharmaceutical industries ltd., compared to acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin ® - bayer) in patients with episodic tension-type headache.

Conditions: Treatment of Episodic Tension Headache

Summary: this study aims is to evaluate, two hours after a single administration, the rate of sustained response produced by the association geolab consisting of acetylsalicylic acid, sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous citric acid - oral powder, with the active comparator acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin ® -- bayer) - a simple tablet for the treatment of acute pain in patients with mild to moderate ctte, using for both the visual analog scale pain - vas.

the secondary objectives of the study are to evaluate: * modification of gastric ph after administration of drugs by measuring with gastroesophageal ph monitor, comparing the results between the groups; * the incidence of administration of rescue medications, through the accounts of patients and researchers, comparing the results between the groups; * the percentage of improvement in time 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after administration, using the visual analog scale (vas), comparing the results between the groups; * evaluate the gastric symptoms before and after treatment by clinical investigation of patients, comparing the results between the groups; * evaluate the change in associated symptoms (photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, vomiting), using 4-point scale (0 - absent 1 - mild 2 - moderate 3 - severe), comparing the results between the groups; * assess the quantitative and qualitative parameters related to adverse reactions, comparing the results between the groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * agreed to participate in the study expressed by signing the two copies of the informed consent and informed consent (ic) after approved by the irb; * minimum age of 18 years; * clinical history of tth, according to the criteria of the international classification of headache of the international headache society, in face of crisis. exclusion criteria: * headache, migraine * chronic tension-type headache (ctth) * altered mental status * vital signs changed * established or suspected pregnancy and lactation * history of allergy to components of study drugs * current treatment with methotrexate * current treatment with antinauseants * current treatment with anticoagulants such as heparin or coumarin-derivative * gastric or duodenal disorders, chronic or recurrent active * liver and kidney disease severe * use of medications that have drug interactions with aas
impact of virtual reality hypno-sedation on functional recovery and anxiety in foot surgery with regional anesthesia

Conditions: Foot Deformities; Regional Anesthesia Morbidity; Valgus; Hallux; Analgesia

Summary: this prospective study aims to evaluate whether the implementation of a virtual reality hypnosedation (vrh)protocol reduces preoperative anxiety and increases patient comfort before, during, and after outpatient foot surgery.

this prospective study aims to evaluate whether the implementation of a virtual reality hypnosedation (vrh) protocol reduces preoperative anxiety and increases patient comfort before, during, and after outpatient foot surgery. the investigators hope to demonstrate a reduction in anxiety, improved postoperative experience and functional recovery according to currently validated scores measuring preoperative and postoperative recovery, anxiety and stress, and experience during a regional anesthesia technique. the investigators expect that vrh will be more effective than vr alone and conventional pharmacological sedation in reducing preoperative anxiety and in improving experience and functional recovery. if the hypothesis is correct, the investigators could propose to integrate this protocol as a first line in the ambulatory management of elective foot surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * major patients, classified as asa 1-2-3, admitted for foot surgery (metatarsophalangeal arthrodesis or hallux valgus cure), under peripheral locoregional anesthesia (sciatic nerve block at popliteal level). exclusion criteria: * pregnant women * patients with peripheral neuropathy or other severe neurological pathology * allergy or contraindication to local anesthetics or benzodiazepines * chronic renal failure or severe hepatic failure * major hemostasis disorders * severe vision or hearing problems that would render the vr and vrh device useless or unusable, and patient contraindication or refusal to use the vrh headset, such as claustrophobia or kinesiophobia.
systematic evaluation of antiviral medication in schizophrenia

Conditions: Schizophrenia; Schizoaffective Disorder

Summary: the purpose of this study is to examine whether antiviral medication will help improve psychotic symptoms and cognition in individuals early in the course of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder who are exposed to herpes simplex virus, type 1 (hsv 1), a virus that causes commonly occurring and recurrent cold sores.

the main objective of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of add-on treatment of valacyclovir (vav), an antiviral medication, in the treatment of early course schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder patients. our main hypothesis is that the vav add-on treatment will improve positive, negative and cognitive symptoms in herpes simplex virus (hsv) positive schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder patients. we hypothesize that the grey matter reductions in specific brain regions (such as prefrontal regions) will improve in patients on vav + antipsychotic compared to those on placebo + antipsychotic and the improvements in positive, negative and cognitive symptoms will be correlated with the grey matter changes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * both genders between the ages of 18-50 years * schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder as defined in dsm-iv * duration of illness 10 years or less * on a stable dose of an antipsychotic medication for at least a month * should score 4 or more on at least one of the subscales of panss * positive for hsv1 * written informed consent exclusion criteria: * substance abuse in the last month/dependence 6 months prior to the study * history of, or current medical/neurological illnesses which affects cns function e.g., epilepsy, head injury with prolonged loss of consciousness * pregnancy * history of immune disorders, hiv infection or currently receiving immunosuppressants * subjects on regular antiviral therapy * history of hypersensitivity to valacyclovir * mental retardation as defined in dsm-iv
effects of dexmedetomidine on delirium after living donor renal transplantation in adult patients

Conditions: Postoperative Delirium After Living Donor Renal Transplantation

Summary: delirium, an acute change in mental status, is a serious medical complication among hospitalized patients. syndrome of delirium involves agitation, sleep disturbance, affective disorders and cognitive disruptions. one vulnerable period for developing delirium is in the postoperative days. postoperative delirium often initiates a cascade of adverse consequences including an increase in length of stay and hospital costs, and greater mortality. the investigators have observed that the incidence of postoperative delirium in patients after renal transplantation is about 20-30% in our hospital. several studies have revealed that dexmedetomidine, as a widely used sedative during anesthesia, can decrease the incidence of postoperative delirium after cardiac surgery. the investigators aim to examine whether administration of dexmedetomidine can reduce postoperative delirium after living donor renal transplantation in adult patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \> 17 and \< 60 years; * american society of anesthesiology (asa) i-iii; * admitted for living donor renal transplantation. exclusion criteria: * patients with a history of drug abuse; * preoperative history of schizophrenia, epilepsy, parkinsonism, use of cholinesterase inhibitor, inability to communicate in the preoperative period (coma, profound dementia, or language barrier).
rehabilitative management of mastication

Conditions: Surgery; Malocclusion

Summary: the purpose of this study is to verify the effectiveness of a systematic rehabilitative program for mastication in patients submitted to orthognathic surgery.

orthognathic surgery can produce complications during the postoperative period - i.e. situations of acute pain and inflammation - as a consequence of fractures and incisions in the mucosa. the inadequate management of soft tissue and prolonged surgical time could be the causes of acute facial oedema, hematoma and ecchymosis in the face and neck, as well as functional disorders involving swallowing and breathing, which can affect patients' integrity. despite the fact that decreased muscular extensibility and strength, increased muscular fatigability, hipomobility, and alteration of the biomechanical efficiency and length of the masticatory muscles are documented clinical consequences, no systematic method of obviating such problems through muscular rehabilitation has yet been published

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * skeletal class iii orthognathic surgery patients * adults (age above 18 years) * agreement to perform orthognathic surgery * agreement to undergo all of the necessary procedures determined by the multidisciplinary team exclusion criteria: * previous orthognathic surgery * previous head and neck surgery * neurologic and/or systemic diseases * facial trauma * syndromes * cognitive impairment * communication and hearing deficits

Keywords: clinical evaluation controlled clinical trial electromyography exercise program motor control
novel rehabilitation strategies to improve arm function in patients with scleroderma

Conditions: Scleroderma; Ssc

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility and preliminary effects of a novel treatment approach to improve arm function in patients with scleroderma who have upper extremity contractures. it is a phase 1, one arm trial in which participants will be assessed at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. the rehabilitation intervention will involve 8 individual sessions with an occupational therapist. feasibility of the procedures is a major focus of this project.

our specific aims are to: 1. determine the feasibility of a novel rehabilitation strategy provided at the university of michigan scleroderma clinic to scleroderma patients who have upper extremity contractures. investigators will assess 3 main aspects of the process that are key to the success of a larger study including the proportion of eligible people who enroll in the study, rate of adherence to the treatment protocol, and the time it takes to conduct sessions including treatment and outcome assessment completion. based on a framework of recommendations for well-designed pilot studies \[1\], investigators have set the following criteria for success to examine these aspects: 1. at least 50% of participants who are eligible for the study will enroll. 2. at least 80% of participants will attend all treatment sessions. 3. the 3 sessions involving both treatment and outcome assessments will not last on average more than 2 hours. 2. develop a standardized treatment manual to train therapists to provide this treatment to their patients. a standardized treatment manual for therapists is a critical component needed to ensure consistency in a larger multi-site trial. this manual will be drafted for use in this study and refined as needed. 3. establish preliminary effects of this 8-week rehabilitation program on improving arm function. investigators hypothesize that participants with scleroderma will have significant improvements in the quickdash disability measure at post test. although the investigators think large effects will be shown, this study will allow us to determine estimates of the effects and the variability for power calculations in a multi-site trial.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of scleroderma (localized or generalized morphea) * have a contracture of the hand and other joint in at least one arm, such as wrist, elbow, or shoulder, with the ability to demonstrate active range of motion in that arm * willing to travel to participate in therapy and outcome assessments. * english speaking exclusion criteria: * active hand ulcers
behavior and naltrexone treatment for alcoholics

Conditions: Alcoholism

Summary: the study's purpose is to improve alcoholism treatment by investigating the combined effectiveness of a psychotherapy (coping skills training and cue exposure treatment - cstcet) with naltrexone in a randomized clinical trial. individuals will receive 2 weeks of cstcet or a control treatment as inpatients followed by 12 consecutive weeks of receiving either naltrexone or placebo as outpatients. followups at 24, 48, and 72 weeks after treatment is completed.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * meets criteria for alcohol dependence. exclusion criteria: * current diagnosis of dependence on other substances except nicotine. * a history of psychosis or current psychotic symptoms. * current suicidality, homocidality, or psychiatric symptoms that require additional medication. * current use of disulfiram (antabuse). * evidence of significant cerebral, renal, thyroid, or cardiac disease. * history of opioid abuse in the previous year. * history of cirrhosis, hepatocellular disease, or elevated bilirubin. * females who are pregnant, nursing, or not using a reliable method of birth control.