Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effects of cranberry juice on cardiovascular risk factors

Conditions: Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of cranberry juice on central and peripheral blood pressure, indices of arterial stiffness, lipid and lipoprotein concentrations and size characteristics, and hdl function. the investigators hypothesize that the bioactive compounds in cranberry juice may elicit beneficial effects on blood pressure and arterial health, as well as ldl-c and hdl function.

the investigators propose to conduct a 2-period randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effect of cranberry juice on central and peripheral blood pressure, indices of arterial stiffness, lipid and lipoprotein concentrations and size characteristics, and hdl function. eligibility requires non-smoking men and women to be 30 to 65 years of age with bmi greater than or equal to 18 and less than or equal to 39, total cholesterol below 273 mg/dl for men and below 284 mg/dl for women, triglycerides below 350 mg/dl, and have systolic blood pressure of 120 to 159 mmhg and/or diastolic blood pressure of 80 to 99 mmhg. subjects will undergo randomized treatments including 500 ml/d cranberry juice beverage and 500 ml/d of a color and taste matched placebo beverage. the two 8 to 12 week treatment periods will be separated by an 8 week washout.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. men and women 30-65 years of age 2. bmi ≥ 18 and ≤ 39 kg/m\^2 3. total cholesterol below 273 mg/dl for men and below 284 mg/dl for women 4. triglycerides below 350 mg/dl 5. non-smokers 6. at least one of the following: 1. systolic blood pressure 120-159 mmhg 2. diastolic blood pressure 80-99 mmhg exclusion criteria: 1. history of acute or chronic inflammatory conditions or heart disease, kidney disease, liver disease, autoimmune disorders, or thyroid disease (unless controlled by medication and blood results within previous 6 months are provided) 2. history of diabetes mellitus (and/or a fasting glucose \>126 mg/dl at screening) 3. stage ii hypertension (blood pressure ≥ 160/100 mmhg) 4. lactation, pregnancy, or desire to become pregnant during the study 5. unwillingness to discontinue nutritional supplements, herbs, or vitamins unless approved by investigator 6. use of medications/supplements for elevated lipids, blood pressure, or glucose 7. chronic use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressant medication 8. conditions requiring the use of steroids 9. unwillingness to refrain from blood donation prior to and during the study 10. any medical condition or abnormal laboratory value that is judged clinically significant by an investigator 11. allergy or sensitivity to cranberry juice or any ingredient in the study beverages

Keywords: cranberries blood pressure cholesterol sphygmocor
the importance of non-invasive methods in the diagnosis of lower urinary system symptoms.

Conditions: Urinary Obstruction

Summary: the diagnosis of bladder outlet obstruction is made by pressure-flow studies, which is an invasive method. this study was conducted to evaluate non-invasive, effective, and low-cost diagnostic methods in male patients with bladder filling and emptying abnormalities.

aims the diagnosis of bladder outlet obstruction is made by pressure-flow studies, which is an invasive method. this study was conducted to evaluate non-invasive, effective, and low-cost diagnostic methods in male patients with bladder filling and emptying abnormalities. methods the study included 219 male patients aged 50 and over, who were admitted between march 2020 and august 2020. patients completed the visual prostate symptom score (vpss) along with international prostate symptom score (ipss). intravesical prostatic protrusion (ipp), prostate volume, bladder volume, and post voiding residual urine (pvr) were measured by suprapubic ultrasound. urethral resistance was calculated using the bladder outlet obstruction number (boon), and patients over -20 were considered obstructed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical diagnosis of bph disease exclusion criteria: * patients with previous urological surgery * history of urological malignancy * systemic disease (diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis, etc.) * trauma that may cause luts * pharmacotherapy for luts * use diuretic antihypertensive * psa \> 4 ng/dl * history of pelvic radiotherapy * visual problems that could not complete the vpss test were not included.

Keywords: ipp ipss vpss
early origins of allergy and asthma

Conditions: Allergy; Asthma; Food Allergy; Allergic Sensitisation; Atopic Dermatitis

Summary: birth cohort study with recruitment during pregnancy to determine prenatal and perinatal conditions, as well as genetic and epigenetic factors, that participate in the early setting of immune responses, and the role of these in the later determination of the risk of allergic diseases, asthma, and metabolic conditions in the offspring.

despite recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of allergies and asthma, these diseases still have no clear preventative measures or curative treatments. growing evidence shows that atopic dermatitis (ad), food allergy (fa), allergic rhinitis, and asthma are largely determined during the first 1000 days (time elapsed from conception to the 2nd birthday). this cohort aims to determine prenatal and perinatal conditions, as well as genetic and epigenetic factors, that participate in the early setting of immune responses, and the role of these in the later determination of the risk of allergic diseases, and asthma in the offspring. the investigators have designed a birth cohort of 250 families with recruitment in pregnancy (\~14 weeks). the plan is to genotype relevant allergy/asthma-associated variants and will perform immunophenotyping and evaluation of allergy biomarkers in cord blood. at 2 years of age the investigators will assess if infants have developed allergic sensitization, ad, fa, as well as biomarkers of asthma including the asthma predictive index. the study will also evaluate how maternal conditions modify immune programming through epigenetic modifications, and will then confirm newborn epigenetic cues of allergy/asthma risk. next, the investigators will assess composition/diversity of maternal gut, placenta, breastmilk and infant gut microbiome and their association with immunophenotype and biomarkers at birth, and clinical outcomes at age 2. finally, another specific objective is to assess how environmental exposures (perinatal outdoor and indoor pollution, endotoxin and allergens) affect the incidence of allergic sensitization, ad, fa, and risk of asthma.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pregnant women living in chile's central regions * offspring of women recruited in the cohort study exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: birth cohort chile
sustainability of a knowledge translation intervention to improve paediatric pain

Conditions: Pain

Summary: the purpose of this research study is to evaluate the effectiveness of short refresher sessions. "pain practice change boosters" given at regular intervals to sustain improved pain process (assessment and management) and clinical outcomes (pain intensity) achieved during a 15 month knowledge translation intervention, evidence-based practice for improving quality (epiq), in 8 children's hospitals in canada; and to determine the factors that affect that sustainability. the cihr team in children's pain (2006-2011) evaluated the effectiveness of the epiq intervention in 32 hospital units (4 units at each hospital site). 16 hospital units were allocated to the intervention group and 16 units continued with standard care. the current study focuses on the 16 hospital units that implemented the epiq intervention only.

this is an 8 hospital repeated measures randomized controlled trial design using a centrally controlled cluster random allocation of units with stratification by hospital. the sample consisted of the 16 hospital units that implemented the epiq intervention in the cihr team in children's pain study. randomization was restricted so there was one intervention unit and one standard care unit at each site. outcomes were measured at 3 time points:12 months after the completion of the epiq intervention: baseline (time 1); 12 months following the implementation of the booster intervention (time 2); and 36 months following the implementation of the booster intervention (time 3), including the frequency and proportion of children receiving pain assessment and management strategies, children's pain intensity during painful procedures, and health care professionals' perceptions of the context of sustainability.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: hospitals met the following inclusion criteria in at least four patient care units: * distinct geographic location and administrative structure; * minimum of 15 beds per unit; * care for children exposed to painful procedures for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes; and * implementation of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to manage pain. the 16 participating hospital units had implemented the epiq intervention in the cihr team in children's pain study. patients in the participating hospital units were eligible to be included in the determination of the pain practice and clinical outcomes if they: * were between 32 weeks gestational age at birth and 18 years; * received skin breaking procedures; and * were admitted to the unit for \>24 hours. surveys used to determine factors influencing sustainability were administered to health care professionals in all participating units, who had at least 1 year of professional experience, had worked on the unit for at least 6 months, and spoke english or french.

Keywords: pediatric pain intervention sustainability
effect of tamoxifen on breast density in premenopausal women with breast cancer or high risk for breast cancer

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: rationale: high estrogen levels may be associated with dense breast tissue and an increased risk of developing breast cancer. tamoxifen may be effective in reducing breast density by decreasing estrogen levels. purpose: this phase i trial is studying how well tamoxifen works in reducing breast density in premenopausal women with breast cancer or at high risk of developing breast cancer.

objectives: primary * determine whether breast density, as measured by digital mammography, decreases in premenopausal women receiving tamoxifen for breast cancer or for breast cancer risk reduction. * determine whether breast density, as determined by a trained mammographer, decreases in patients treated with this drug. * correlate tamoxifen-induced symptoms in estrogen target tissue with change in salivary steroids in patients treated with this drug. secondary * determine the effect of this drug on salivary steroids in regularly cycling and amenorrheic patients. * correlate changes in breast density with tamoxifen-induced alterations in sex steroid levels, as measured in the saliva, of patients treated with this drug. outline: patients receive oral tamoxifen once daily. treatment continues for 5 years in the absence of disease metastasis (patients with known breast cancer) or a diagnosis of breast cancer (patients undergoing risk reduction). patients undergo mammography to determine breast density at baseline, at 6 and 12 months, and then annually for 4 years. patients also collect daily salivary samples during the 30-day periods surrounding the imaging studies to measure salivary estradiol and progesterone levels. the results of the salivary hormone studies are correlated with density changes at study completion. projected accrual: a total of 100 patients will be accrued for this study.

Eligibility criteria:
disease characteristics: * initiating tamoxifen as the sole systemic treatment for breast cancer or for breast cancer risk reduction * undergoing mammography at least annually * no bilateral breast cancer or stage iv breast cancer * hormone receptor status: * not specified patient characteristics: age * 20 to 45 sex * female menopausal status * premenopausal * no change in menstrual patterns within the past 6 months performance status * not specified life expectancy * not specified hematopoietic * not specified hepatic * not specified renal * not specified other * not pregnant or nursing * no planned pregnancy within the next 5 years * no medical or psychiatric disorder that would preclude giving informed consent prior concurrent therapy: biologic therapy * not specified chemotherapy * no prior chemotherapy for breast cancer endocrine therapy * see disease characteristics * no prior tamoxifen for more than 1 month in duration radiotherapy * not specified surgery * not specified

Keywords: breast cancer stage i breast cancer stage ii breast cancer stage iiia breast cancer stage iiib breast cancer stage iiic breast cancer
effect of intravenous dexamethasone with pudendal nerve block on postoperative pain in pediatric hypospadias repair

Conditions: Postoperative Pain; Hypospadias

Summary: this study aims to determine if intravenous dexamethasone combined with a pudendal nerve block is able to prolong postoperative analgesia in children undergoing hypospadias repair.

it was a prospective study, randomized, double blind study, conducted at the tunis children's hospital (january 2017-december 2018). after agreement with parents and the local ethics committee, the investigators included children aged 1 to 18 years, asa 1-2, proposed for a hypospadias repair. patients were randomized to: group d receiving 0. 15mg/kg of dexamethasone iv after induction and group p receiving the same volume of saline. the pudendal block was performed by neurostimulation after induction with sevoflurane and 3 gamma/kg fentanyl iv. the success of the block was tested at 10 and 15 minutes, it was declared successful when the systolic blood pressure and heart rate did not increase by more than 20% compared to the baseline values at the time of the incision. no analgesics were administered at the end of the surgery. the pain was assessed by the cheops score the first 24 hours. the x2 test was used for qualitative variables and the student test for quantitative variables with p\<0. 05 as the significance threshold. the number of patients required for the study was calculated (alpha=5% beta=90%) and was 62.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * asa physical status classification 1 or 2 * procedure: hypospadias repair * eligible for a pudendal nerve block exclusion criteria: * parents or patient refusal * nerve block failure * peroperative complication.

Keywords: intravenous dexamethasone pudendal nerve block analgesia postoperative pain children hypospadias
korean post marketing surveillance to observe effectiveness and safety of pristiq

Conditions: Major Depressive Disorder

Summary: on 6 feb 2014, pristiq was approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder(mdd) in korea. in accordance with the standards for re-examination of new drug, it is required to conduct a pms for 600 patients by 5 feb 2020. post marketing surveillance is required to determine any problems or questions associated with pristiq after marketing, with regard to the following clauses under conditions of general clinical practice. therefore, through this study, effectiveness and safety of pristiq will be observed.

the objective of this study is to determine any problems or questions associated with pristiq after marketing, with regard to the following clauses under conditions of general clinical practice, in compliance with the regulation "re-examination guideline of new drugs (ministry of food and drug safety notification 2013-251, 2013.12.20)". 1. serious adverse event/adverse drug reaction 2. unexpected adverse event/adverse drug reaction that have not been reflected in the approved drug label. 3. known adverse drug reaction 4. non-serious adverse drug reaction 5. other safety and effectiveness information

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. adults 19 years of age or older, who have been received at least one dose of pristiq® for the treatment of major depressive disorder (mdd). 2. patients who have been received for the first time after signed the 'data privacy statement' exclusion criteria: patients to whom pristiq® is contraindicated as per the local labeling; 1. hypersensitivity to desvenlafaxine succinate, venlafaxine hydrochloride or any excipients in the pristiq® formulation. 2. serotonin syndrome and maois: do not use maois intended to treat psychiatric disorders with pristiq® or do not use pristiq® within 14 days of stopping an maoi intended to treat psychiatric disorders
frailty as a predictor of neurosurgical outcomes in brain tumor patients

Conditions: Brain Tumors

Summary: frailty as an adjunct to preoperative assessment of neurosurgical patients has never been evaluated. this study aims to determine if frailty predicts neurosurgical complications in brain tumor patients and enhances current perioperative risk models.

preoperative risk assessment is important, but inexact, in older patients because physiologic reserves are difficult to measure. this also makes an important difference related to brain tumor patients, who may be burdened with systemic disease, alterations in cognition, or affected by other comorbidities. when assessing quality of life for brain tumor patients, having a better predictor of postsurgical outcome would be beneficial in appropriately counseling these patients. frailty is thought to estimate physiologic reserves, and its use has been found to predict postoperative complications, length of stay, and discharge to a skilled or assisted-living facility in neurosurgical patients. frailty as an adjunct to preoperative assessment of neurosurgical patients has never been evaluated. this study aims to determine if frailty predicts neurosurgical complications in brain tumor patients and enhances current perioperative risk models.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult * ambulatory (able to walk) * scheduled for neurosurgical resection of brain tumor exclusion criteria: * parkinson disease * previous stroke * taking: carbidopa/levodopa, donepezil hydrochloride, or antidepressants

Keywords: surgery frailty
comparison of positional release and manual pressure technique in chronic low back pain

Conditions: Chronic Low-back Pain

Summary: the purpose of the study is to compare the effect of positional release technique and manual pressure technique of hip flexors on pain, range of motion, lumbosacral angle and disability in patients with chronic low back pain

this will be randomized clinical trial. individuals who met inclusion criteria will be included in this study. all participants will go through randomization and divided into two groups. pre intervention assessment is made for both groups. then intervention will apply to both groups. group a will receive positional release technique and group b will be treated by manual pressure technique and pain, range of motion, lumbosacral angle and functional disability will be measured before and after the treatment using nprs, inclinometer and odi. estimated time of treatment protocol will be 30 minutes per session, 4 times/week for 4 weeks in the hospital setting. subjects will be evaluated at baseline and 4th week assessment will be the final.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males and females * age group 25 to 40yrs * atraumatic chronic low back pain more than 3 months * patients with anterior pelvic tilt * patients with lumbosacral angle \> than 50 degrees exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * history of vertebral fracture * history of any spinal surgery * disc disease * osteoporosis * bone disease * patient unable to give consent

Keywords: low back pain chronic low back pain hip flexors positional release technique manual pressure technique
adpkd cohort study

Conditions: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to find out if radiology tests of the kidneys as opposed to glomerular filtration (gfr) tests (gfr test - a lab test that measures kidney function) follow progression of polycystic kidney disease (pkd) the best. pkd patients at risk for progression to renal failure (dialysis or transplantation) have been identified and include those who have been diagnosed with high blood pressure early, the presence of the pkd1 gene (the inherited abnormality responsible for the majority of pkd), men as opposed to women, those with episodes of visible blood or increased protein in their urine, and women who have experience more than three pregnancies. individuals who are diagnosed with pkd in the first year of life or in utero (before birth) are also at high risk for progression to renal failure. this study will also facilitate understanding of human diseases at the cellular and molecular level. we will be identifying genetic factors that may influence the severity of polycystic kidney disease (pkd). you are being asked to provide a sample of blood for the purpose of dna or other biochemical analyses.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: group 1 * hypertension diagnosed early in the course of the disease (less than 25 years for men; less than 30 years for women) * adpkd diagnosed in utero or in the first year of life * the presence of proteinuria (between 180 mg and 1 gm/day) without evidence of a second renal disorder * a history of more than 3 pregnancies and hypertension * a history of gross hematuria * a serum creatinine concentration less than 1.4 mg/dl * adpkd diagnosed in childhood with more than 10 cysts group 2 * serum creatinine concentration \>1.4 and * renal length greater than 15 cm and * age less than 60 years of age * severe pain or discomfort as assessed by the primary care physician related to adpkd exclusion criteria: * subjects, who in the assessment of the principal investigator cannot provide reliable follow-up * subjects who cannot be exposed to iothalamate * subjects who cannot undergo mri due to the presence of a pacemaker or surgical clip in the abdomen * subjects who are not anticipated to survive during the duration of the study (e.g. underlying malignancy) * subjects who cannot provide informed consent * women who are pregnant or who have undergone a pregnancy in the last 6 months or who are presently breastfeeding