Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (cbt) for obsessive compulsive disorder (ocd)

Conditions: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Summary: cognitive behavior therapy (cbt) is an effective treatment for obsessive compulsive disorder (ocd) but there is a lack of properly trained cbt therapists. one possible treatment alternative is internet-based cbt (icbt) with minimal therapist input. the aim of this study was therefore to evaluate icbt for ocd.

this is a randomized controlled trial with 101 participants. the control group receives support therapy on demand on the internet.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * primary diagnosis of obsessive compulsive disorder (ocd) * at least 18 years old * able to read and write in swedish * computer access exclusion criteria: * other primary diagnosis * substance abuse, * psychosis, * bipolar disorder, * suicidal ideation, * adjusted pharmacological treatment the last two months * current psychological treatment for ocd, * been treated with cbt the last two years, * serious somatic disease, * y---bocs\>31 * hoarding as primary ocd subtype

Keywords: cbt ocd internet reduce symptom burden
efficacy/safety study of nebulized ivx-0142, a novel antiallergic drug, in mild allergic asthma

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: this study is designed to evaluate the effectiveness of nebulized ivx-0142, a novel anti-allergic drug, to inhibit allergen-induced airway narrowing in patients with allergic asthma and the related increased sensitivity of the airways to other substances, as well as to investigate a possible anti-inflammatory effect of the drug in the airways.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * mild stable allergic asthma * positive skin-prick test to at least one common aeroallergen * positive methacholine challenge * positive allergen-induced early- and late-phase airway bronchoconstriction * general good health exclusion criteria: * lung diseases other than mild allergic asthma * history or symptoms of cardiovascular disease, significant neurologic disease, and/or clinically significant autoimmune disease * chronic use of asthma medications other than short or intermediate beta-agonists or ipratropium * use of tobacco products within one year starting study or smoking history \>10 pack years * if female, pregnant or lactating or have positive pregnancy test at screening

Keywords: allergic asthma allergen challenge bronchial hyperresponsiveness
human-ai collaboration for ultrasound diagnosis of thyroid nodules - a clinical trial

Conditions: Thyroid Nodule

Summary: this is an experimental study wherein groups of medical students and physicians of varying degrees of experience in head-and-neck ultrasound were asked to scan the same five patients each with a thyroid nodule. the study participants did their own ultrasound assessment of the thyroid nodules, as well as using an ai-based ultrasound diagnostics system. the researchers intended to study two primary outcomes: 1) how varying degrees of experience in ultrasound by the operator might affect the diagnostic performance of the ai-based system, and 2) how the ai-based system influenced the diagnostic performance of the ultrasound operator.

this is a prospective clinical study aiming to test how the experience of the ultrasound operator influences the performance of ai-based (artificial intelligence-based) diagnostics when analysing thyroid nodules on ultrasound scans. the investigators set up an experiment with five stations, each with a patient with a thyroid nodule and an ultrasound machine with the deep learning based system s-detect for thyroid installed. 20 study participants where recruited: 8 medical students of novice ultrasound skill, 3 junior ent (ear-nose-throat) registrars of intermediate ultrasound skill, and 9 senior ent registrars experienced in ultrasound. the participants scanned all the patients and recorded their analyses of the nodules using the eutirads (european thyroid imagining reporting and data system) system in three different ways: a analysis of their own, s-detect's analysis, and an analysis combining the two previous. the hypothesis was that the ai system would perform equally well when between the participant groups. in addition, it was expected that the experienced participants would perform better than the students without ai help, and that the doctors would gain little from ai input, but that the students would have their performance improved by ai input.

Eligibility criteria:
medical students inclusion criteria: * last year student exclusion criteria: * experience with ultrasound beyond that which is taught at the university of copenhagen junior ent registrar doctors inclusion criteria: * doctor enrolled in introductory training as ent physician. senior ent registrar doctors inclusion criteria: * doctor enrolled in ent training.

Keywords: ultrasound ai thyroid cancer
covid-19 infection in patients with chronic pulmonary diseases.

Conditions: COVID-19; Chronic Pulmonary Disease

Summary: this study aims to assess the clinical presentation, radiological patterns and outcome of covid-19 infection in patients with chronic pulmonary disease. inter-relationship between the severity of covid-19 infection and chronic pulmonary diseases.

the covid-19 pandemic has led to many difficulties with the diagnosis and routine management of chronic pulmonary diseases such as copd, bronchial asthma, ild and bronchiectasis as well as raising concerns about the management and outcomes for patients with these diseases who develop covid-19. although there is conflicting evidence on whether patients with chronic respiratory diseases are more susceptible to covid-19, these patients exhibit a more severe presentation and higher mortality compared with those without chronic respiratory diseases.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects with confirmed diagnosis of covid-19 infection by: rt-pcr and chest computed tomography and laboratoty investigations. patients with chronic chest disease including (copd, bronchial asthma, ild, bronchiectasis). exclusion criteria: * those who are diagnosed with viral pneumonia caused by viruses other than covid-19. those who are not confirmed to be covid-19 with pcr or by radiological and laboratory investigations.

Keywords: covid-19 chronic pulmonary disease
an rct of metformin vs orlistat in obese anovulatory women

Conditions: Anovulation; Obesity

Summary: this study aims to investigate the role of the weight reduction agent, orlistat compared to the metformin for the management of women who are obese and do not ovulate or have difficulty conceiving. patients will receive either one of these medications and will be monitored at regular intervals with hormone blood tests and ultrasound scans in order to study the effect of the medications on the reproductive functions. patients will receive the medications for three months and the study will end if the patient becomes pregnant. the study also aims to investigate the dose of metformin that should be used as there is no consensus to date regarding the optimum dosage for this drug

we aim to recruit 40 patients suffering from anovulatory obesity with a bmi of 30 or more. patients will be included from all ethnic groups. patients will have a baseline history, clinical examination, hormonal profile (fsh/lh, fasting insulin/glucose ratio, androgen profile, day 21 serum progesterone, serum leptin and ghrelin levels) ultrasound examination (ovarian volume and antral follicle count), including doppler blood flow study (ovarian stromal velocity, pi, ri, sd ratio and power doppler) participants will then be randomised to receive either metformin or orlistat. patients receiving orlistat will receive the standard dose of the drug as recommended in the bnf. metformin will be given in an incremental dose starting at 1000mg per day and increased at 4 weekly intervals to 2000mg/d, depending on the occurrence of any gastrointestinal intolerance. the endocrinological and ultrasound investigations will be repeated at 4 weekly intervals. both groups will be given a standard exercise and diet program in conjunction with medical treatment. the clinical endpoint will be the achievement of conception, a body mass index of less than 30, or completion of a 3-month course of treatment. study design: a randomised controlled open label clinical trial. participants be randomised using a computer generated randomisation program available at the pharmacy of the jessop wing, into either one of two arms: metformin or orlistat. the randomisation will be stratified in order to achieve a homogenous distribution of pcos and non-pcos patients in both arms of the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. in the childbearing period 2. obese with a body mass index of 30 or more. 3. are anovulatory as shown by day 21-serum progesterone. 4. polycystic ovarian syndrome will be diagnosed according if at least two of the following three features are present, after exclusion of other aetiologies (azziz, 2004): (i) oligo- or anovulation, (ii) clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism (iii) polycystic ovaries. exclusion criteria: 1. bmi of less than 30 2. patients not requesting treatment for their symptoms 3. patients with contraindications for any of the medications: renal or hepatic impairment, malabsorption syndrome, cholestasis 4. diabetic patients 5. pregnancy 6. breast feeding

Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome obesity metformin orlistat
prevention of neovascular glaucoma by intravitreal injections of anti-vegf in patients treated with proton therapy for a large choroidal melanoma

Conditions: Ocular Melanoma

Summary: the reference treatment of ocular melanoma is a conservative treatment by proton therapy. its goal is to treat the tumor while preserving the eyeball and visual acuity. however, ablation of the eyeball is sometimes necessary after proton therapy in the case of neovascular glaucoma. this complication occurs in 7 to 47% of cases (depending on the size of the tumor) and is associated with hypersecretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) related to necrotic and inflammatory tumor tissue after proton therapy or ischemic retina. the intravitreal injections of anti-vegf are used in the treatment of neovascular radicular glaucoma without avoiding enucleation in all cases. the investigators propose to study the prevention of neovascular glaucoma by intravitreal prophylactic administration of anti-vegf.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥ 18 years * choroid melanoma more than 7mm thick and / or over basal diameter of 15mm treated by proton therapy exclusion criteria: * iris melanoma * melanoma immediately metastatic * pregnant or breastfeeding women * known hypersensitivity to aflibercept (anti-vegf selected)
serum estradiol levels in postmenopausal women with breast cancer receiving adjuvant aromatase inhibitors and vaginal estrogen

Conditions: Atrophic Vaginitis; Breast Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this study is to see if vagifem® 10mcg is safe for women who have had breast cancer. vagifem is an estrogen product. it is a tiny tablet that is inserted into the vagina. it relieves vaginal dryness. women who have had breast cancer are usually told not to take estrogen. this is because estrogen use can lead to a breast cancer recurrence or a new primary breast cancer. it is unclear if the estrogen in vagifem is only absorbed in the vagina. it may be absorbed into the blood stream for a short time and may cause a brief rise in your estrogen level. however, there is no clear evidence that this would cause any bad effects in patients with breast cancer. how much, if any, of these topical estrogens are absorbed through the vagina is not known. we also do not know what the impact is of low dose estrogen absorption on breast cancer outcomes. also, the absorption should decrease as the mucus membranes are restored after estrogen exposure.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * history of breast cancer, stages i-iii with pathology confirmed at mskcc * women who have completed all of their primary treatment (surgery, radiation therapy, adjuvant chemotherapy) with the exception of endocrine therapy and currently have no clinical evidence of disease. * women who are currently on aromatase inhibitors for at least three months--either letrozole or anastrozole * women with symptomatic urogenital atrophy: vaginal dryness, irritation, pruritus, dyspareunia, urinary frequency and/or urinary incontinence * menopausal at study entry defined as: * bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy independent of age * if natural menopause, age ≥ 50 with cessation of menses for at least 12 months * if menopause induced by chemotherapy, age ≥ 50 with no menstrual period at least 12 months after chemotherapy finished * at least 18 years of age * able to participate in the informed consent process * gynecology examination within six months * able to read/speak english exclusion criteria: * inability to give informed consent * vaginal bleeding of unknown etiology within 12 months of study entry * history of prior vaginal 17-β estradiol or other topical estrogen use within the past six months

Keywords: vaginitis postmenopausal 17-β estradiol 09-110
identification and validation of clinical phenotypes in staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and their association with mortality and development of complicated bacteremia

Conditions: Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia

Summary: the goal of this observational study is to determine retrospectively whether different patient clinical phenotypes (adults and children) develop staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.the main questions it aims to answer qre: 1. evaluate its reproducibility and correlation with mortality 2. derive and validate a simplified probabilistic model for phenotype assignment 3. external validation of the simplified probabilistic phenotype assignment model found and its association with mortality and development of complicated bacteremia in a prospective cohort 4. apply microbiological, biochemical and immunological techniques to explain the physiopathological and genetic mechanisms underlying the phenotypes.


Eligibility criteria:
for standard study: inclusion criteria: * adults and children with clinically significant staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (at least two classic systemic inflammatory response criteria: fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, lowered awareness, low blood pressure, leucocytosis/leucopenia, organ failure) exclusion criteria: * patients with non-clinically significant bacteremia. * death within 48 hours after detection of bacteremia for the inclusion of retrospective cases, life expectancy less than 48 hours for the inclusion of retrospective cases, life expectancy less than 48 hours for the inclusion of retrospective cases. * patients under palliative sedation at the time of bacteremia report. * polymicrobial bacteremia. for extended study: inclusion criteria: * adults with clinically significant staphylococcus aureus bacteremia included in the standard study * selected at random as one of the model phenotypes until completing recruitment (only huvm and huvv) exclusion criteria: * patients with non-clinically significant bacteremia. * death within 48 hours after detection of bacteremia for the inclusion of retrospective cases, life expectancy less than 48 hours for the inclusion of retrospective cases, life expectancy less than 48 hours for the inclusion of retrospective cases. * patients under palliative sedation at the time of bacteremia report. * polymicrobial bacteremia.
study of the efficacy of early intervention with secukinumab 300 mg s.c. compared to narrow-band uvb in patients with new-onset moderate to severe plaque psoriasis

Conditions: Plaque Psoriasis

Summary: the purpose of this study was to determine whether early intervention with subcutaneous (s.c.) secukinumab 300 mg in patients with new-onset moderate to severe plaque psoriasis may lead to prolonged symptom-free periods by preventing reactivation of old lesions or ultimately totally hindering the occurrence of new lesions, i.e., changing the natural course of the disease (main study).

this was and open label, parallel group, multicenter, randomized study with 3 clinical periods: screening period, treatment period, and follow-up period. the design consisted of the main study and a mechanistic sub study: 1. the main study had 2-treatment-arm secukinumab and nb-uvb). 2. the mechanistic sub-study had 4 arms treated with secukinumab and one arm with nb-uvb arm. the outcome measures were all exploratory, i.e. no results presented. not all participants of the mechanistic sub-study participated in the main study, these participants are only reported for the safety analyses, but not for the primary and secondary outcome measures.

Eligibility criteria:
key inclusion criteria: * able to understand and communicate with the investigator, willing and capable to comply with all study procedures, and provide written signed and dated informed consent (personally or by a witness) before any assessment is performed. * aged 18 to 50 years inclusive. * new-onset plaque psoriasis with appearance of the first psoriasis plaques within the last 12 months before randomization and naïve to any systemic treatment and phototherapy (arm a1, arm a2, and arm b1). episodes of mild psoriasis, which occurred at least 3 years before screening and resolved spontaneously within 6 months will be accepted. * chronic plaque psoriasis with appearance of the first psoriasis symptoms 5 years or longer and intolerance or inadequate response to phototherapy or any systemic treatment including biologicals, except for il-17a inhibitors (arm c1 and arm c2). * moderate to severe plaque psoriasis defined at screening and baseline by pasi \>= 10, and body surface area (bsa) \>= 10%, and iga mod 2011 \>= 3. key exclusion criteria: * forms of psoriasis other than plaque-type (e.g., pustular, erythrodermic, guttate, light sensitive, and drug induced). * ongoing use of prohibited treatments. * previous treatment with phototherapy or any systemic treatment. * pregnant or nursing (lactating) women. * women of childbearing potential, defined as all women physiologically capable of becoming pregnant, unless they are using effective methods of contraception during the treatment period or longer if required by locally approved prescribing information (e.g., 20 weeks in the eu and countries where applicable for secukinumab).

Keywords: psoriasis interleukin (il) 17a il-17a secukinumab ain457 narrow-band ultraviolet light b nb-uvb psoriasis area and severity index pasi
measurement and training of dual-task of gait in persons with multiple sclerosis

Conditions: Multiple Sclerosis; Gait Disorders, Neurologic; Cognitive Impairment

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the utility of a performance measure for the dual-task of gait and considering people with multiple sclerosis have both cognitive and motor problems, the secondary aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of a gait-specific dual-tasking intervention for ambulatory individuals with multiple sclerosis.

a total target sample size of 40 adults with ms and 40 adults without ms will be recruited. the 40 adults without ms will undergo the two baseline testing sessions only for the first phase of the study. 20 of those individuals with ms will be randomly selected to undergo the intervention phase of the study. the research design will include two groups, the intervention and control group. both groups will undergo a screening process, two baseline testing sessions, and be randomly assigned to one of the two groups. the duration of the study is 6 weeks in length for a total of 18 training sessions. the intervention group participants will undergo gait training with a specific concomitant cognitive task (dual-task) for a total walking time of 20 minutes and with rest breaks the total session time is \~60 minutes with a physical therapist. the control group will undergo gait training, but without the cognitive task. feedback from the therapist will be provided to each participant concerning gait mechanics and ways to improve gait regardless of group membership. outcome measures data will be collected twice at baseline, once at mid-intervention, once at post-intervention, and once at one-month follow-up.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ability walk independently with or without an assistive device * independent and community-dwelling * no history or presence of other clinically significant musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, respiratory, or neurologic disease. * definite diagnosis of ms \[expanded disability status scale (edss) ≤6.5\] * relapse free for the past 30 days and not currently receiving or will receive any rehabilitation services during the study. exclusion criteria: - participants experiencing a true relapse or exacerbation of their symptoms (\>24 hours duration in the absence infection or fever, or and ambient increase in body temperature) during the study will be excluded from the study.

Keywords: physical therapy gait training cognitive-motor interference rehabilitation
effectiveness of brief counseling for weight management

Conditions: 1. Obesity

Summary: the purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of three different methods for delivering weight management information. two methods utilize an obesity drug and the third method utilizes brief behavioral counseling sessions only.

there is a growing demand for effective obesity treatments that don't require much time to implement especially in a primary health-care setting where time is especially limited. brief interventions that might provide benefits similar to those produced by more time-intensive and costly lifestyle interventions would be very useful. there is also increasing interest in the efficacy of primary drug therapies for obesity. the purpose of this 12-month study, and 24-month follow-up, is to examine the efficacy of a brief behavioral counseling intervention alone or in combination with a drug already approved for the long-term management of obesity (orlisat)and compare both interventions to a drug alone condition.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * body mass index of 30 to 40 * male or females ages of 25 to 55 years * normal blood pressure or controlled with medicine * females not lactating, able to get pregnant or using acceptable birth control * current allowed medications prescribed at least 2 months prior to study exclusion criteria: * pregnant, planning to get pregnant or becomes pregnant * insulin dependent diabetes * uncontrolled hypertension * prescence or history of significant medical conditions that could impact the outcome of the study * prescence of active gastrointestinal disorders * history of mental disorders including eating disorders * weight loss greater than 10 pounds in the last 3 months * history of alcohol or drug dependency * use of any weight-loss medication in the last 6 months * known allery to orlistat or any of its components

Keywords: obesity treatment effectiveness of weight management treatment counseling for weight management