Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
typhoid vi vaccine effectiveness in hechi, guangxi, china

Conditions: Typhoid; Paratyphoid Fever

Summary: this study is part of international vaccine institute (ivi)'s typhoid vi demonstration project that aims to accelerate the rational introduction of vi vaccines in typhoid endemic countries. the purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the vi vaccine following a mass typhoid immunization campaign in an endemic area in hechi city in the guangxhi province of china. the cost-effectiveness and safety of vi vaccination will also be evaluated.

typhoid fever is a major cause of morbidity worldwide. the disease predominantly affects school-aged children, is more prevalent in urban areas, may last for several weeks and can lead to serious complications. management of this disease is further complicated by the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains. vaccination of high risk populations is considered the most promising strategy for the control of typhoid fever. the vi polysaccharide vaccine has been targeted for accelerated introduction into public health programs due to the following reasons: it has been shown to have consistent efficacy results even in areas of high typhoid incidence, is given as a single dose, lacks patent protection and requires less strict cold chain requirements. this project attempts to evaluate a new vaccination strategy for residents of endemic areas. a cluster-randomized trial involving the vi polysaccharide vaccine and an active control (meningococcal a vaccine) was designed to determine the effectiveness and the feasibility of providing vi vaccine under actual programmatic conditions in 2 populous townships of hechi city. the vaccines used in this study are locally produced and licensed in china. a 1 year pilot phase will precede the actual vi-demonstration project. surveillance for typhoid fever cases will continue after the mass immunization campaign. a passive surveillance system to evaluate adverse events following immunization will be implemented. socio-economic studies will be conducted in parallel to the effectiveness evaluation. the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices among parents and health care providers regarding typhoid illness, treatment and prevention will be assessed. logistic, feasibility and vaccine costs will also be determined. secondary objectives of this trial are: * to estimate the logistic feasibility of a mass typhoid immunization campaign * to assess the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices among parents and health care providers regarding typhoid illness, treatment and prevention * to study typhoid fever risk factors in the population

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * registered in the project census exclusion criteria: * pregnant * lactating * fever \> 37.5 degrees celsius, axillary

Keywords: salmonella typhoid vaccine enteric fever
the effect of anesthetic technique on vegf-c and pge2

Conditions: Uterine Leiomyomas

Summary: the purpose of this study is to verify the effect of anesthetic technique on the change of postoperative serum vascular endothelial growth factor c and prostaglandin e2, and to explore the potential impact of the anesthetic technique on leiomyomas recurrence and growth after the surgery of abdominal myomectomy.

uterine leiomyomas is the most common benign tumor of uterus, the most common tumor in women as well. like many other forms of tumor, it requires an independent blood supply to enlarge. this process, angiogenesis, is mediated by vascular endothelial growth factor c (vegf-c) and prostaglandin e2 (pge2). several studies have confirmed that vegf-c has a high level in patients with uterine leiomyomas, which has also been demonstrated that it was related to occurrence and growth of uterine leiomyomas because it's capable of promoting angiogenesis, mitogenic, and vascular permeability-enhancing activities. also, some researchers suggested that suppression of prostaglandin synthesis (including pge2) via cyclooxygenase type-2 (cox-2) enzyme inhibition may reduce the incidence of some tumor. the aim of this study is to verify the effect of anesthetic technique on the change of postoperative serum vegf-c and pge2, and to explore the potential impact of the anesthetic technique on leiomyomas recurrence and growth after the surgery of abdominal myomectomy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the patients with leiomyomas requiring abdominal myomectomy, aged 18-65 year and american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status i or ii. exclusion criteria: * the patients who had a history of surgery within the preceding two weeks, a history of blood transfusion and a history of coronary artery disease, any contraindication to spinal anesthesia or opioid analgesia.

Keywords: analgesia anesthesia leiomyomas tumor vascular endothelial growth factor anesthesia technique on tumor
effect of different body position on intraabdominal pressure in mechanically ventilated patients

Conditions: Intraabdominal Hypertension

Summary: measuring intraabdominal pressure in the semi-recumbent position and supine position.

each set of measurements of intraabdominal pressure included intra bladder and intragastric pressure in the supine position followed by the semi-recumbent position at head of bed 30. all four measurements were taken over a period of 5 to 10 min or less to reduce the possibility of changes in intraabdominal pressure over time. three sets of readings were taken at least 4 h apart over a 24-h period.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: older than 18 years of age. to be sedated mechanically ventilated and to have both a nasogastric tube and indwelling urine catheter in place exclusion criteria: * recent oesophageal, gastric or bladder surgery; patients who were moribund and unlikely to survive 24 h; patients who were pregnant and patients who were unable to lay flat for any reason.
the effects of the swiss ball on cerebral vascular accident

Conditions: Hemiplegia; Cerebrovascular Accident

Summary: the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the swiss ball on patients with hemiplegia due to cva.

the cerebral vascular accident (cva) is a neurological deficit, which may be transitory or definite, leading to motor, psychological and social alterations. it's the third cause of death in the industrialized world, of which 90% of the survivors have some residual deficit and 30% become disabled. the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the swiss ball on patients with hemiplegia due to cva. an intervening and controlled study was conducted on 12 patients of both genders and over 50 years old with chronic hemiplegia, all undergoing treatment at the beneficent rehabilitation association of ceará. the patients in the experimental group (eg) underwent treatment with the swiss ball added to conventional physical therapy and the control group (cg) went through conventional physiotherapy sessions. the treatment was done twice a week, consisting of 14 sessions altogether. the data were collected in an evaluation form at the beginning and at the end of the treatment. most patients were found to be males; they had typical walking ability, tonus, and posture of chronic hemiplegia patients. the patients in the experimental group showed significantly greater muscular strength on the lower limbs than the control group (p \< 0,05, student t test), however, the same did not happen in the case of the other parameters, such as strength on the upper limbs, coordination, and balance. we can conclude that the treatment with the swiss ball can promote increased strength, which will allow for a more efficient recovery in the studied population.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hemiplegia due to cva * in physiotherapy treatment * acceptance in join the research exclusion criteria: * less then 6 months of diagnostic

Keywords: physical therapy physical therapy modalities cerebral vascular accident (cva)
tiotropium respimat pharmacokinetic study in copd

Conditions: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive

Summary: the purpose of this study is compare the effect of different doses of tiotropium delivered by the handihaler and respimat device on lung function. additionally, the study will investigate the pharmacokinetic profile of these different doses. studying the pharmacokinetic profile shows what happens to the medication in the body over a period of hours and provides information on potential effects of the medication.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. all patient must sign an informed consent consistent with iinternational conference on harmonisation- good clinical practice (ich-gcp) guidelines and local legislation prior to any study-related procedures, including medication washout and restrictions. 2. relatively stable, moderate to very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) 3. current or ex-smokers (smoking history of at least 10 pack years) 4. able to perform lung function tests 5. able to use study inhalers exclusion criteria: 1. significant diseases other than copd 2. recent myocardial infarction, unstable or life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia, hospitalisation for cardiac failure. 3. malignancy requiring resection, radiation therapy or chemotherapy within the last 5 years 4. history of asthma, life-threatening pulmonary obstruction, cystic fibrosis or clinically evident bronchiectasis 5 active tuberculosis 6. history of alcohol or drug abuse 7. pulmonary resection 8. recent completion of a pulmonary rehabilitation program or current participation which will not be continued 9. daytime oxygen therapy for more than 1 hour per day. 10. use of other investigational drugs, restrictions on the use of some respiratory medications during the study period. 11. current participation in another clinical trial 12. pregnant or nursing women 13. women of childbearing potential not using a highly effective method of contraception (e.g: implants, injectable, oral contraceptives)
stereotactic body radiotherapy for liver tumors

Conditions: Liver Metastases; Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma

Summary: this study will evaluate the local control rate as well as acute and late toxicity rates of stereotactic body radiotherapy for the treatment of liver metastases and unresectable primary liver tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

this study is a single site, non-randomized, prospective, phase iv trial. composed of 4 patient groups: 1. oligometastases (1-3) with aggregate tumor diameter \< 6 cm 2. metastases from neuroendocrine tumors with functional endocrine syndromes 3. unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) 4. unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ihcc) data collected will include patient demographics, pathology data, tumor stage, sbrt dose fractionation scheme, dose received by adjacent critical normal tissues, tumor recurrence data, and acute and late toxicities. follow up data will be collected during the patient's standard office visits. the anticipated duration of this study is 5 years.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient age \>= 18 years * zubrod performance status of 0-3 * oligometastases (1-3) with aggregate tumor diameter \< 6 cm * metastases from neuroendocrine tumors with functional endocrine syndromes for symptom palliation * unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) * unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ihcc) * maximum tumor diameter \< 6 cm * adequate liver function: total bilirubin \ 2.5 g/dl serum levels of liver enzymes \< 3 times the upper limit of normal normal pt and ptt unless patient is receiving anticoagulant medication - signed study-specific consent form exclusion criteria: * maximum tumor diameter \> 6 cm * prior radiotherapy to the liver * pregnant or lactating women, due to potential exposure of the fetus to rt and unknown effects of rt on lactating females * patients with psychiatric or addictive disorder that would preclude obtaining informed consent

Keywords: liver metastases stereotactic radiotherapy
comparison of short-term effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy, low-level laser therapy and pulsed electromagnetic field therapy in knee osteoarthritis

Conditions: Knee Osteoarthritis

Summary: 120 patients with kellgren-lawrence grade 2-3 knee osteoarthritis will be randomized into four groups: control group, extracorporeal shock wave therapy (eswt) (once a week for 3 sessions), low-level laser therapy (lllt) (twice a week for 8 sessions), and pulsed electromagnetic field therapy (pemf) (twice a week for 8 sessions), with 30 patients in each group. all participants will be instructed in a daily exercise program, including knee joint range of motion, stretching, and strengthening exercises (3×10 repetitions). outcome measures, including the visual analogue scale (vas), western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index (womac), short form-36 (sf-36), and timed up \& go (tug) test, will be assessed at baseline after treatment and at 3rd month.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * experiencing knee pain persisting for more than 6 months, radiological assessment confirming grade 2 and grade 3 knee osteoarthritis based on the kellgren-lawrence system * no history of physical therapy or regular use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) within the last 6 months, * absence of any pathology other than osteoarthritis that could cause knee pain, * no lumbar spine or hip pathology that could refer pain to the knee, * free from any conditions that would prevent participation in exercise or physical therapy * willing to regularly participate the treatment programs were included in the study. exclusion criteria: * presence of a condition that impairs ambulation, * a documented history of spinal stenosis, * evidence of a neurological disorder based on medical history or physical examination, * the existence of an inflammatory or metabolic disorder that could lead to secondary osteoarthritis, * administration of intra-articular knee injections within the past year, * use of nsaids, paracetamol or topical agents within the preceding week, * a prior history of surgical intervention involving the knee joint.

Keywords: knee osteoarthritis
risk factors for microscopic colitis

Conditions: Colitis, Microscopic

Summary: microscopic colitis is a common cause of watery diarrhea, particularly in the elderly. although the incidence is comparable to ulcerative colitis and crohn's disease, the etiology is unknown. understanding the etiology of microscopic colitis is an important step in developing logical interventions to decrease the burden from microscopic colitis. this research could provide critical insights into the etiology of this poorly studied condition.

microscopic colitis (mc) is a chronic condition that is a common cause of watery diarrhea, particularly in the elderly. the etiology is unknown but widely considered to be an abnormal immune reaction to luminal antigens in predisposed hosts. drugs and autoimmunity have also been implicated. the aims of the study are: 1) to quantitatively classify microscopic colitis using image analysis microscopy to determine whether the degree of lymphocytic infiltration correlates with etiology, symptoms and prognosis. 2) to investigate the etiology of microscopic colitis by examining medical and lifestyle risk factors including medications, autoimmunity, diet, and smoking 3) to evaluate the association between the adherent microbial flora and mc to assess whether bacterial dysbiosis is linked to presence of mc. as an exploratory aim we will evaluate whether cyp2c19 polymorphisms are more common in purportedly drug-induced disease since the diverse drugs that have been associated with mc are all substrates for this gene. to conduct the study the investigators will obtain detailed dietary, medical and lifestyle information on study subjects who undergo complete colonoscopy for diarrhea. the investigators will obtain colon biopsies from the right, transverse and left colon to evaluate adherent bacterial organisms. the investigators will draw blood to evaluate cyp2c19 polymorphisms and for future genetic studies. the prospective design corrects important limitations of prior research on mc. successful completion of the study aims will improve the understanding of risk factors, set the stage for more scientifically grounded future research, and potentially suggest new interventions for a disease that is currently poorly understood.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: colonoscopy for diarrhea exclusion criteria: 1. fewer than 4 loose bowel movements per day. 2. failure to visualize the entire colon to the cecum or preparation less than good or excellent. 3. age under 35 years. there will be no upper age limit. 4. inability to understand and cooperate with the interview. 5. indication for colonoscopy other than diarrhea. 6. prior history of inflammatory bowel disease (crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis).
case review of patients with betel nut-induced oral cancer treated with pembrolizumab and cetuximab

Conditions: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC)

Summary: chart review of records of patients treated for betel nut-induced oral cancer with pembrolizumab and cetuximab.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * advanced betel nut-induced oral cancer exclusion criteria: * none
evaluation of sleep quality in head and neck cancer patients throughout treatment course

Conditions: Malignant Head and Neck Neoplasm

Summary: this study examines how head and neck cancer treatment affects quality of sleep over time and factors that contribute to sleep quality. sleep plays a critical role in healing and quality of life, and recent studies investigating sleep disorders in head and neck cancer patients reveal sleep quality is a major determinant of post-treatment outcomes. information from this study may help researchers better understand how treatment impacts sleep quality so that they can make changes that may help improve patient sleep quality.

primary objectives: i. to describe the five (5) components of sleep quality in head and neck patients under different stages of post-op treatment and different environment. ii. to evaluate the effect of surgery, treatment and environment on the five (5) components of sleep quality in head and neck cancer patients. secondary objectives: i. to evaluate the association between the five (5) components of sleep quality and comorbid obstructive sleep apnea (stop-bang and epworth sleeping scale) and depression (patient health questionnaire-2 \[phq-2\]), under different stages of post-op treatment and different environment. ii. to evaluate the association between fitbit actigraphy data (i.e. the 5th component of sleep quality) and the first 4 components of sleep quality for inpatients. iii. to compare the inpatient versus the outpatient responses on sleep hygiene at different time points of measurement. exploratory objective: i. to assess whether survey results warrant additional counseling or patient education. outline: cohort 1-tp1: patients complete surveys over 20 minutes on post-op day 3 and on day of discharge (or within 1 week). cohort 1-tp2: patients complete surveys over 15 minutes at all regularly scheduled follow-up appointments (approximately 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months). cohort 2: patients complete surveys over 15 minutes once.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males and females * adult at least 18 years old * capable of giving informed consent * diagnosed with head and neck cancer (previously untreated, any stage) * treatment plan involves surgery * willing to comply with all study procedures and be available for the duration of the study * english-speaking exclusion criteria: * non-english speaking * pre-existing sleep disorder defined below: * obstructive sleep apnea * insomnia * narcolepsy * restless leg syndrome * rapid eye movement (rem) sleep behavior disorder
skin flap visible light spectroscopy (vls) oximetry for monitoring free-flap ischemia during breast reconstruction and recovery

Conditions: Ischemia

Summary: the purpose of the study is to understand the relevance of tissue oximetry measures of tissue flaps during surgery and during recovery, and to determine if t-stat is a reliable and early method of detecting compromised flaps.

the tissue saturation of free flaps will be measured before, during, and after surgery and during recovery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * under surgical breast reconstruction * informed consent exclusion criteria: * failure to give consent

Keywords: free flap surgery ischemia outcome reconstructive plastic surgery monitoring
perfusion analysis using rubidium in cardiac sarcoidosis

Conditions: Sarcoidosis

Summary: the study aims at assessing diagnostic and therapeutic impact of rubidium-82 pet in cardiac sarcoidosis.

the presence of cardiac involvement is a serious complication of sarcoidosis. early diagnosis is challenging since it relies on an array of clinical, biological and imaging abnormalities. myocardial perfusion imaging with sestamibi is currently a major feature of the diagnosis, since it allows to evidence both microcirculatory impairments and scar. however, some technical limitations are inherent to spect, mainly poor spatial resolution and lack of attenuation correction, resulting in the absence of flow quantification. rubidium-82 (rb) pet proved to be more sensitive and specific than sestamibi spect in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. furthermore, it allows noninvasive measurement of coronary flow reserve. finally, it exposes patients to lower radiation dose than spect. therefore, rb pet may help to better identify cardiac involvement of sarcoidosis, and hence to better select those patients who require high-dose steroids.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * (1) histologically proven sarcoidosis; * (2) suspicion of cardiac involvement on symptoms, and/or ecg and/or echocardiogram. exclusion criteria: * patient \< 18 years old

Keywords: sarcoidosis heart rubidium pet
impact of core performance on functional parameters in multiple sclerosis

Conditions: Multiple Sclerosis

Summary: optimal trunk control relies on somatosensory, motor and musculoskeletal integrity, which is often damaged in multiple sclerosis (ms). researches on postural control in people with ms (pwms) have revealed that reduced somatosensory conduction may adversely affect some functions. pwms have increased postural sway in upright posture than healthy people. they move closer and slower when reaching out or taking a step. trunk controls are weak and postural responses are delayed. the activation of core muscles is very important for an effective trunk control. because the core region is considered a kinetic link that facilitates the transfer of torque and angular momentum between the upper and lower extremities during body movements. the decrease in core stability affects both trunk control and the quality of limb movements due to the kinetic chain in the body. there are a limited number of studies in the literature showing that core stability is reduced in pwms. our knowledge about the effects of this reduction on function in pwms is very limited.

the aim of this study is to evaluate core strength and endurance and determine its effect on postural control, knee muscle strength, physical capacity and fatigue parameters in individuals with ms. also relationship between these parameters will investigate.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * being diagnosed with ms according to mcdonald's criteria * disability level less than 6 according to edss (expanded disability status scale) score * no attacks during the last 3 months * being an ambulatory * volunteering to participate in the study exclusion criteria: * having orthopedic, neurological, psychological, etc. diseases that accompany ms and may affect treatment outcomes * doing regular sports * being involved in another physiotherapy and rehabilitation program related to ms

Keywords: multiple sclerosis core stability postural control isokinetic strength physical capacity fatigue