Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
positron emission tomography before surgery in evaluating women with primary or recurrent breast cancer

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: rationale: imaging procedures such as positron emission tomography (pet) may improve the ability to detect the extent of breast cancer. purpose: diagnostic trial to study the effectiveness of pet to detect the extent of breast cancer in women who have primary or recurrent breast cancer.

objectives: * determine the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of fludeoxyglucose f 18 (fdg) positron emission tomography (pet) as compared to conventional imaging in determining the extent of disease in women with primary or recurrent breast cancer. * determine how often clinical management and operative intervention plans for patients are altered based on these fdg-pet scan findings. * determine whether fdg-pet results in more accurate detection of disease in these patients. outline: patients receive fludeoxyglucose f 18 iv. approximately 1 hour later, patients undergo positron emission tomography imaging. some patients may undergo a repeat scan in 4-6 months. projected accrual: (50 with primary disease and 50 with recurrent disease) will be accrued for this study within 1-2 years.

Eligibility criteria:
disease characteristics: * diagnosis of breast cancer for which surgical intervention is planned * large primary breast cancer (i.e., larger than 5 cm, t3) as determined by prior biopsy, physical exam, or mammogram or * locally advanced breast cancer (t4) or * clinical suspicion of axillary nodal disease (n1-2) (i.e., stage iib-iiia) or * locally or regionally recurrent disease * no locally recurrent disease that is non-invasive (i.e., ductal carcinoma in situ) * no locally advanced disease (e.g., inflammatory breast cancer) that will be treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy without surgery * hormone receptor status: * not specified patient characteristics: age: * not specified sex: * female menopausal status: * not specified performance status: * not specified life expectancy: * not specified hematopoietic: * not specified hepatic: * not specified renal: * not specified other: * no other malignancy except previously treated nonmelanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ of the cervix * no known active infection * no autoimmune disease or inflammatory disease (e.g., sarcoidosis or rheumatoid arthritis) * able to fast for 6 hours and tolerate a fdg-pet scan for the duration of the test * not pregnant or nursing prior concurrent therapy: biologic therapy: * not specified chemotherapy: * see disease characteristics endocrine therapy: * not specified radiotherapy: * not specified surgery: * see disease characteristics

Keywords: stage ii breast cancer stage iiia breast cancer recurrent breast cancer
data analysis for drug repurposing for effective alzheimer's medicines (dream) - pde5 inhibitors vs endothelin receptor antagonist

Conditions: Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Summary: this study aims to evaluate the comparative risk of dementia/alzheimer's disease onset between patients treated with medications that target specific metabolic pathways and patients treated with alternative medications for the same indication.

this is a non-randomized, non-interventional study that is part of the dream study of brigham and women's hospital. dream is led by dr. madhav thambisetty, md, phd, chief of the clinical and translational neuroscience section, laboratory of behavioral neuroscience, national institute on aging (nia) intramural research program. this study aims to evaluate the comparative risk of dementia/alzheimer's disease onset between patients treated with medications that target specific metabolic pathways and patients treated with alternative medications for the same indication using healthcare claims data.

Eligibility criteria:
please see https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/19nwmdi8xwwjzxqhslpdtg4ckht5udqxuwcnzwy8jcs8/edit?usp=sharing or appendix a for full code and algorithm definitions. medicare timeframe: 2008 to 2018 (end of data availability). inclusion criteria: * 1. aged \> 65 years on the index date * 2. no prior use of pde5 inhibitors (sildenafil, tadalafil) and endothelin receptor antagonists (bosentan, ambrisentan, macitentan) anytime prior to cohort entry date * 3. enrollment in medicare part a, b, and d with no hmo coverage for 365 days prior to and including cohort entry date exclusion criteria: * 1. prior history of dementia measured anytime prior to cohort entry date * 2. no prior history of pulmonary arterial hypertension recorded in the 365 days prior to cohort entry date * 3. prior history of nursing home admission in the 365 days prior to the cohort entry date
effects of green tea consumption on homocysteine metabolism and cognitive dysfunction

Conditions: Cognitive Impairment

Summary: green tea contains catechins and theanine as major ingredients and has been reported to have various beneficial influences on human health. it is reported that the drinking green tea is inversely associated with serum homocysteine level in elderly. however the effect of green tea consumption on cognitive dysfunction is not clinically clarified. the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of green tea consumption on homocysteine metabolism and cognitive dysfunction in elderly with impaired cognitive function.

elderly people with impaired cognitive function go on increasing year by year with the coming aged society. among them, the alzheimer disease is a major cause of the illness, which is progressively worse, has no fundamental curable therapy, and induces the burdens of caregivers as well as the health insurance and national budget. recently, homocysteine metabolism is reported to be related to atherosclerosis in aging, and draw attention as the etiology of cognitive dysfunction in elderly. green tea contains catechins and theanine as main ingredients. these components are reported to have anti-atherogenic action and effect on improving cognitive dysfunction. however, clinical evidence for homocysteine metabolism and cognitive dysfunction has not been clarified. therefore, in this study, the investigators attempted to investigate the effects of green tea consumption on homocysteine metabolism and cognitive dysfunction in elderly with impaired cognitive function.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * obtained written informed consent before participation * possible to consume green tea powder * possessing cognitive dysfunction; mmse score less than 30 * possible not to take any supplement possessing anti-oxidizing effect; i.e., vitamin a, c, e, β-carotene exclusion criteria: * possessing allergy to green tea * possessing severe cardiac, respiratory, renal, or hepatic dysfunction * possessing severe anemia * diagnosed as inadequate to participate in the study by doctor

Keywords: green tea aging atherosclerosis homocysteine cognitive impairment
study to evaluate safety, tolerability, pk and pd of dcr-phxc in ph type 3 patients

Conditions: Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 3

Summary: the dcr-phxc-104 study is designed to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacological parameters of a single dose of dcr-phxc in primary hyperoxaluria type 3 (ph3). participants should have had at least one stone event within 12 months of screening and intact renal function.

potential participants are screened over an up-to-35-day period (with an extra 7-day period for participants who are required to repeat screening 24-hour urine collections or initially unanalyzable screening laboratory assessment samples) prior to randomization. eligible participants will receive a single dose of dcr-phxc or placebo on day 1. in order to maintain the treatment blind, 24-hour urine oxalate (uox) results that could unblind the study will not be reported to investigative sites or other blinded personnel until the study has been unblinded. it is expected that approximately 10 participants will be screened in order to randomize 6 participants (2:1 randomization; 4 nedosiran:2 placebo) to the study. following the up-to-6-week screening period, participants will return to the clinic for interim visits up to day 85. visits occurring between the day 1 and the day 85 visit may be conducted as at-home telemedicine visits at the discretion of the investigator. the total time on study for each participant is approximately 18 weeks.

Eligibility criteria:
key inclusion criteria: * genetically confirmed ph3 * 24-hour uox excretion ≥ 0.7 mmol (adjusted per 1.73 m\^2 body surface area \[bsa\] in participants \< 18 years of age) on both assessments conducted in the screening period * less than 20% variation between the two 24-hour urinary creatinine excretion values (mmol/kg/24 hours) in the screening period * estimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) at screening ≥ 30 ml/min, normalized to 1.73 m\^2 bsa * history of at least one stone event within the last 12 months. stone events are defined as any of the following: * renal stone requiring medical intervention, e.g., outpatient procedures such as lithotripsy, or hospitalization or inpatient surgical intervention for confirmed stone-related pain and/or complications; * stone passage with or without hematuria; or * renal colic requiring medication. key exclusion criteria: * documented evidence of clinical manifestations of systemic oxalosis (including pre-existing retinal, heart, or skin calcifications, or history of severe bone pain, pathological fractures, or bone deformations) * plasma oxalate \> 30 μmol/l

Keywords: primary hyperoxaluria primary hyperoxaluria type 3 primary hyperoxaluria 3 ph ph type 3 ph3 rnai rnai therapeutic ldha ldh galnac sirna nedosiran dcr-phxc
trial of antibiotic treatment for skin abscess in patients at risk for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) infection

Conditions: Abscess

Summary: patients will be enrolled in a multi-center study to prospectively evaluate outcome after treatment for an uncomplicated skin abscess. all patients will receive incision and drainage and wound cultures. patients will then be randomized to 1)no antibiotic or 2) bacterium double strength (ds) (800/160) two tablets per oral (po) twice a day x 7 days. this is the dose recommended for treating skin and soft tissue infections. (ellis et al. current opinion in infectious diseases. 18(6):496-501, december 2005) patients will then return to the emergency room (er) on days 3 and 7 for wound repacking and evaluation. the primary outcome is clinical cure of abscess at 7 days after incision and drainage and recurrence rates within 30 days of treatment. patients who are not improving at the following visit will then be treated with additional antibiotics or admission if needed. data will be analyzed both by initial randomization and intention to treat. this serves as the pilot for the full placebo controlled randomized trial.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients age 18-55 who present to the emergency department with a skin abscess that requires incision and drainage. exclusion criteria: * patients with diabetes, hiv, cancer or other immunocompromised patients * patients who received antibiotics within one week of presentation or were hospitalized in previous month will be excluded to minimize potential confounding variables * pregnant and breastfeeding patients will also be excluded due to possible safety concerns with antibiotic treatment * basic military trainees will also be excluded from participation * patients with abscesses on head, face, perirectal, or periananal regions, abscesses with known tracks or fistulas to deeper structures, or abscesses requiring surgical drainage in an operating room are excluded * patients with sulfa allergy will be excluded.

Keywords: abscess cellulitis antibiotics mrsa
success rate natural cycles versus modified natural cycles in frozen embryos

Conditions: Infertility, Female

Summary: there has been a recent significant increase in the frozen embryo replacement (fer) cycles due to freeze-all cycles to decrease the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. now a days making frozen embryo transfers (fets) a viable alternative to fresh embryo transfer

there has been a recent significant increase in the frozen embryo replacement (fer) cycles due to freeze-all cycles to decrease the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. now a days making frozen embryo transfers (fets) a viable alternative to fresh embryo transfer, with reports from observational studies and randomized controlled trials suggesting that: 1. the endometrium in stimulated cycles is not optimal for implantation 2. pregnancy rates are increased following fet 3. perinatal outcomes are less affected after fet 4. preimplantation genetic screening we will follow only natural and modified natural cycles patients. spontaneous ovulation will documented with hormonal and sonographic monitoring. hormonal monitoring are including estradiol and luteinizing hormone (lh). sonographic monitoring is including follicule diameter (16-20 mm). at modified natural cycles we will use hcg triggering for ovulation approximately 16-20 mm diameter. we will compare success rate between natural and modified natural cycles

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient who are admitted to the ivf center and who will be transferred to frozen embryos. * infertile women under 40 years of age who accepted this study. * unexplained infertilite couple. * all ovulatory patient. * male factor. * tubal factor. exclusion criteria: * patients who made intrauterin surgery. * over 40 years of age women. * patients with preimplantation genetic diagnosis. * anovulatory patient.

Keywords: frozen embryo replacement, ivf success, ovarian stimulation
collaborative multi-level obesity intervention engaging underserved communities trial

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to test the effectiveness of an evidence-based multi-level intervention for weight loss and the feasibility, fidelity, and sustainability of implementing the intervention in low-income and underserved people living with obesity in louisiana. the main questions it aims to answer are: * will an evidence-based multi-level obesity intervention (called la-ceal connect) in adults living with obesity in low-income and underserved communities achieve weight loss at 6 months compared to enhanced usual care? * will la-ceal connect sustain weight loss at 12 months? * will la-ceal connect improve waist circumference, diet quality, physical activity, quality of life, and blood pressure at 6 and 12 months? * will la-ceal connect be feasible to implement in adults living with obesity in low-income and underserved communities? researchers will compare the la-ceal connect multilevel weight loss intervention to enhanced usual care to evaluate if la-ceal connect leads to greater weight loss and greater changes in waist circumference, diet, physical activity, quality of life, and blood pressure than enhanced usual care. participants in both arms will: * receive health literacy-tailored educational materials and resources for weight loss * visit the clinic site for baseline, 6-month and 12-month study visits to collect clinical and survey measurements participants in the connect intervention arm will also: * receive health coaching * self-monitor weight and physical activity using digital technologies * attend group meetings to identify and increase utilization of community health and wellness resources


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * being 18 to 75 years of age * living with obesity, defined as a bmi between 30 and 50 kg/m2 for non-asian identifying participants and bmi between 27.5 and 50 kg/m2 for asian-identifying participants * weighing less than 400 pounds * receiving care from or willing to register at a participating fqhc clinic * able to understand and speak english * able to complete the study within the next year (e.g., not planning to move from the area within study period) exclusion criteria: * having given birth within the past year, pregnant or planning to become pregnant during study period (within 1 year) * currently participating in a weight-loss program * having lost more than 10 pounds in the last 6 months * being an employee or a family member of an employee of any participating fqhc * having a disease that can interfere with or be aggravated by exercise or weight loss
breast ultrasonography and polycystic ovary syndrome

Conditions: Breast Diseases; Polycystic Ovary

Summary: the results of the evaluation of breast ultrasonography results of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosis over 30 years of age will be evaluated. patients admitted to the outpatient clinic and rotterdam criteria according to laboratory data and polycystic ovary syndrome patients diagnosed by the same radiologist the next day after the end of menstrual breast ultrasonography. the aim of this study is to show the association of polycystic ovary syndrome and fibrocystic breast.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * over 30 years * diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome according to rotterdam criteria * no previous history of breast disease * female patients exclusion criteria: * under 30 years * polycystic ovary syndrome * patients with a previously known history of breast disease

Keywords: breast diseases fibrocystic breast polycystic ovari syndrome fibroadenoma
neo-sequence 2：nct plus anti-angiogenesis therapy and immunotherapy for ladgc

Conditions: Gastric Cancer; Diffuse Type Carcinoma

Summary: the regimen of albumin paclitaxel+sox+bev neoadjuvant therapy lasted for 6 cycles, during which pd-1 monoclonal antibody therapy was interspersed for 4 cycles for locally advanced diffuse gastric cancer.

the biweekly regimen of albumin paclitaxel+sox+bev neoadjuvant therapy lasted for 6 cycles, during which pd-1 monoclonal antibody therapy was interspersed for 4 cycles. review ct and gastroscopy every 3 cycles to evaluate the therapeutic effect. patients who have been evaluated as effective after 6 cycles of treatment may consider surgery; or continue the dual cycle regimen ofalbumin paclitaxel+bevacizumab for 3 cycles, while pd-1 monoclonal antibody for 2 cycles. afterwards, the therapeutic effect will be evaluated, and surgery, radiotherapy, or maintenance medication treatment will be determined based on the therapeutic effect. surgical patients begin adjuvant treatment 1-2 months after surgery based on the curative and pathological results of the surgery. those who fail to evaluate during neoadjuvant therapy will undergo surgery or radiation therapy, or switch to a second-line systemic treatment plan.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. local advanced diffuse or mixed type gastric cancer detected by pathology and endoscopy; 2. chest, abdomen, and pelvis enhanced ct, neck and supraclavicular ultrasound, gastroscopy, and endoscopic ultrasound were used to diagnose t3-4nanym0 gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction cancer (refer to ajcc staging, 8th edition); 3. has not received any anti-tumor treatment for gastric cancer yet; 4. age range from 18 to 75 years old; 5. ecog score 0-1 points; 6. liver and kidney function and blood routine meet the following conditions: neutrophils\>1.5g/l, hb\>90g/l, plt\>100g/l; alt and ast\<2.5uln; tbil\<1.5 uln; cr\<1.0uln; 7. left ventricular ejection fraction\>60%; 8. good compliance and ability to accept long-term follow-up; 9. sign informed consent. exclusion criteria: 1. gastrointestinal obstruction or recurrent bleeding cannot be controlled; 2. those who cannot swallow pills; 3. diagnose immunodeficiency or active autoimmune diseases, have received or are currently receiving immunomodulators, systemic steroid therapy, or immunosuppressive drugs within the past two years; 4. interstitial pneumonia; 5. moderate to severe cirrhosis caused by any reason; 6. uncontrollable hypertension, severe kidney disease, and significant cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases; 7. active infections that require systemic treatment; 8. previously suffered from other tumors, excluding cured skin cancer and cervical cancer in situ; 9. internal medicine diseases that do not meet the chemotherapy criteria at the same time; 10. pregnant and lactating patients; 11. individuals with a history of mental illness and poor compliance.
investigation of the effects of different exercise methods on swallowing function in stroke patients

Conditions: Stroke; Dysphagia; Swallowing Disorder

Summary: the aim of this study is to examine the effects of pnf (proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation) and ctar (chin tuck against resistance) exercises on swallowing rehabilitation in stroke patients. in addition another aim is to examine the effects of these exercises on the swallowing function, quality of life, functional independence and functional oral intake of individuals, and to investigate the superiority of the exercises to each other in line with these features.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years and older, * who have been diagnosed with stroke * at least one month has passed since the diagnosis of stroke * voluntarily participated in the research, * cooperative, able to take instructions (mini mental test score of 24 and above) and * individuals with a score of 2 or higher on the penetration aspiration scale will be included. exclusion criteria: * lack of long-term sitting balance, unable to maintain an upright position with or without support, * have tumors or neoplastic disease in the head and neck region, * radiotherapy applied to the neck, swallowing disorders caused by radiotherapy applied to the head and neck region, * with additional musculoskeletal disease that may cause swallowing disorders, * with non-stroke neurological disease (traumatic brain injury, parkinson's, dementia, als, ms, etc.), * individuals who have previously received dysphagia treatment will be excluded from the study.

Keywords: dysphagia stroke pnf exercise ctar exercise swallowing rehabilitation
the effects of testosterone on prostate tissue (acyp-1)

Conditions: Hypogonadism; Contraception

Summary: the purpose of this research study is to understand the effects of testosterone on the prostate. this knowledge will be used to help in the development of a safe male hormonal contraceptive and may impact the development of androgen replacement therapy in older men.

we will be administering two drugs: testim (testosterone gel) and acyline. acyline is an experimental drug. we want to see their effects on levels of hormones in the blood and prostate. in addition, we will be examining the effects of these drugs on the expression of genes within the prostate. acyline suppresses lh and fsh, which are hormones made by the pituitary gland, thus blocking the signal from the brain that causes the testes to make testosterone. therefore, acyline blocks testosterone production. in preliminary studies, a single injection of acyline reversibly lowered the fsh, lh and testosterone levels in the blood for approximately 15 days. prolonged low levels of lh and fsh cause suppression of sperm production in normal men. however, men may experience some side effects from the low levels of testosterone caused by acyline, thus exogenous testosterone is required to sustain normal male androgen and organ effects without suppressing spermatogenesis. this combination of drugs is a promising male contraceptive regimen. in addition, millions of older men are using testosterone replacement to treat male "andropause"; low level testosterone associated with aging. however, the effect of testosterone on the prostate is unknown. studies examining the effect of testosterone on the prostate are needed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males between 35 and 55, normal serum testosterone levels, normal gonadal function exclusion criteria: * history of prostate cancer, psa\>2.0, aua bph symptom score \>10, history of testosterone or anabolic steroid use, chronic medical illness or prostate disease, active serious infection or immunosuppression, history of a bleeding disorder or need for anticoagulation, abnormal digital rectal exam, abnormal prostate ultrasound, first degree relative with history of prostate cancer

Keywords: male contraception prostate acyline androgen replacement