Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effect of ultrasonographic guided insulin injection with dexamethasone and local anesthetic mixture in diabetic patients with mild to moderate carpal tunnel .

Conditions: Pain Relief

Summary: insulin as an adjuvant to local anesthetic and cortisone to decrease pain recurrence


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - diabetic patients with mild to moderate carpal tunnel syndrome exclusion criteria: * refusal to participate
7.5f versus 9.2f flexible ureteroscopy for the treatment of 1-2cm renal calculi on postoperative infection

Conditions: Kidney Stones

Summary: ureteroscopic lithotripsy (rirs) is the first-line treatment for 1-2 cm upper urinary tract stones, and the stone clearance rate can reach 81.4% - 92.5%. fever after rirs is the most common infection after rirs, and its incidence is up to 20%. the incidence rate of systemic inflammatory response syndrome is 6.5% - 10.3%, sepsis 0.1% - 4.3%, with the infection progressed. if there is no timely and effective intervention in the early stage of urogenic sepsis, it can progress to septic shock, and the mortality can be as high as 30% - 40%. high intrarenal pressure is an important risk factor for postoperative infection. american urological association (aua) guidelines point out that controlling intrarenal pressure at an appropriate level is particularly important to prevent postoperative infection. the use of ureteroscopic sheath in ureteroscopic surgery can effectively reduce the intrarenal pressure, which is an important measure to reduce the incidence of postoperative infection. theoretically, the larger the space, the better the reflux effect and the lower the incidence of postoperative infection. the study showed that the incidence of ureteral sheath infection was significantly lower than that of ureteral sheath infection after operation. when using the same caliber ureteroscopic sheath, use a smaller caliber ureteroscopy to increase the space between the ureteroscopy and the ureteral sheath, promote reflux, reduce intrarenal pressure and reduce the incidence of postoperative infection. however, there is still a lack of relevant research on the effect of different caliber ureteroscopy in the treatment of renal calculi on postoperative infection.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. agree to receive ureteroscopy 2. aged 18-70 years. 3.1-2cm kidney stones exclusion criteria: 1. combined with middle and lower ureteral calculi, surgical operation other than rirs is required; 2. patients with abnormal anatomical structure, ureteral stenosis and urinary diversion, such as ectopic kidney, horseshoe kidney and duplicate kidney; 3. patients who have undergone nephrostomy; 4. severe cardiopulmonary insufficiency; 5. pregnant women.

Keywords: ureteroscopy postoperative fever renal calculi
early in-bed cycling in critically ill children

Conditions: Critical Illness

Summary: to evaluate the feasibility of conducting a randomized controlled trial (rct) evaluating the efficacy of early in-bed cycling in addition to usual care physiotherapy, compared to usual care physiotherapy, on functional recovery in critically ill children.

this is a single centre, pilot rct that will evaluate in-bed cycling in addition to usual care physiotherapy, compared to usual care physiotherapy, on functional recovery in critically ill children. we will conduct a qualitative substudy to evaluate caregiver impressions of the intervention, and to understand barriers and facilitators to implementing early mobilization in critically ill children.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age ≥ 3 years to \< 18 years; 2. limited to bed-rest or bed mobility at time of screening 3. expected picu stay for an additional 48 hours minimum, at time of screening 4. informed consent and or assent where appropriate; 5. agreement of the most responsible picu physician. exclusion criteria: 1. contraindications: e.g. hemodynamic instability, unstable or uncontrolled arrhythmia, icp, unstable airway, unstable fractures/spine 2. contraindication to mobilizing upper/lower limbs, e.g. femoral sheath 3. cycle ergometer does not fit body dimensions 4. already mobilizing well/expected to mobilize out of bed within 24h 5. not expected to survive current admission - i.e. predicted hospital mortality of \> 90%;
the application of digital infrared thermal imaging in peripheral artery disease of the lower extremities

Conditions: Peripheral Artery Disease; Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: peripheral artery disease (pad) is highly prevalent. it occurs most often in the lower extremities. symptoms include intermittent claudication, ischemic pain, ulceration and necrosis. amputation may be necessary in severe cases. pad is also an indicator of future cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events. diabetes mellitus (dm) is one of the major risk factors of pad. approximately 5% to 10% of diabetic patients have had foot ulceration, and 1% have undergone amputation. other risk factors include smoking, old age, male gender, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia and renal insufficiency. ankle-brachial index (abi) is the most popular tool used to screen pad. doppler-derived ankle and brachial systolic pressure is obtained. if the ratio is abnormal, further confirmation studies will necessary. although abi is recommended as one of the screening tests for diabetic complications in guidelines, its utility is limited in calcified non-compressible vessels, which are common in dm and renal failure patients. digital infrared thermal imaging (diti) is used to detect surface temperature because objects of absolute temperatures higher than zero would radiate electromagnetic waves of certain wave lengths according to plank's law. diti examination is non-invasive, non-contact and fast. theoretically, temperature of the perfusion area of the occlusive arteries will decrease. investigators will analyze diti of pad, and observe the relationship between diti, abi and vascular duplex examination. the dynamic change of diti before and after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of pad will also be observed. investigators would like to evaluate the possibility of the clinical application of diti for pad screening.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age: 20\~85 years old * diagnosed with dm exclusion criteria: * history of lower extremities disease or underwent leg surgery * pregnancy * fever * leg edema * autoimmune disease
early childhood caries prevention: effectiveness of mother-child oral health care programme (basis)

Conditions: Dental Caries

Summary: the goal of this two-arm, parallel-group cluster randomized controlled trial was to assess the effectiveness of the mother-child initiated oral health care program, termed basis, in preventing early childhood caries (ecc). the main questions it aims to answer are: * to compare mean knowledge and attitudes scores in the prevention of ecc among mothers of toddlers in the study group before and after receiving the basis program. * to compare mean knowledge and attitude scores in the prevention of ecc between mothers of toddlers in the study group after receiving the basis program and mothers of toddlers in the control group after receiving the current ministry of health (moh) programs. * to compare oral health care practices in the prevention of ecc between mothers in the study group after receiving the basis program and mothers in the control group after receiving the current moh program. * to compare caries incidence between toddlers in the study group and toddlers in the control group after mothers' exposure to the basis program and the current moh program, respectively. researchers will compare the basis program to the moh program to see if the basis is effective to prevent ecc. participants of the basis program: * received anticipatory guidance delivered during pregnancy and after given birth at 6 months and 12 months * complete self-administered questionnaires measuring the knowledge, attitudes and practices related to the prevention of ecc during pregnancy and after given birth at 6 months, 12 months and 18 months * have their child oral cavity clinically examined at 6 months, 12 months and 18 months


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * first-time pregnant women * aged 18 years and above * in their third trimester * singleton pregnancy * able to read and write in malay language * own a mobile phone with whatsapp * will be the primary caretaker of their newborn exclusion criteria: • diagnosed with cognitive disorders

Keywords: anticipatory guidance home visit early childhood caries
safety study using transcranial mr guided focused ultrasound in the treatment of neuropathic pain

Conditions: Functional Brain Disorders /Neuropathic Pain

Summary: the aim of this study is to asses the efficacy and the clinical safety of the transcranial magnetic resonance guided high intensity focused ultrasound system exablate 4000, insightec ltd. for functional neurosurgery. the treatments to be conducted in this study are non-invasive, i.e. without opening the skull, and will create micro-thalamotomies in specific target areas such as thalamus, subthalamus and pallidum. the data obtained in this study will be used to evaluate the basic safety aspects of this new treatment technology and will serve as a basis for the clinical introduction of mr-guided ultrasound-neurosurgery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. male and female patients 18 years and older 2. clinical indication for a medial thalamotomy 3. stereotactic targets within thalamus, subthalamus and pallidum 4. all targets supposedly accessible by tcmrgfus 5. physically and mentally able to understand the risks of participating in this study and to give written informed consent based on the patient information provided 6. sufficient proficiency in one of the languages german, french, italian or english to al-low for verbal communication during all phases of the study 7. physically and mentally able to communicate the personal condition and all feelings during the tcmrgfus treatment 8. physically and mentally able to undergo the tcmrgfus treatment exclusion criteria: 1. anomalies of brain anatomy, especially in or around thalamus or pallidum that will in-fluence the atlas-based navigation 2. existing lesions in close proximity (\<5mm) to planned ablation targets 3. extended anomalies of scalp such as scars, inflammations, etc. 4. clips or other implanted objects close to (\< 3cm) target 5. non-mri-compatible cardiac pacemaker 6. previous hemorrhages in the brain 7. uncontrolled arterial hypertension 8. any coagulopathy or patient under anticoagulant therapy 9. sensitivity to mri contrast agents 10. contraindications to mri such as non-mri-compatible implanted devices 11. large patients not fitting comfortably into the mri unit (generally \>110kg) 12. difficulty to lie supine and still for up to 4 hours in the mri unit or claustrophobia 13. other known life-threatening systemic disease 14. patients currently participating or participated in another clinical trial in the last 30 days

Keywords: fus focused ultrasound functional brain disorders neuropathic pain movement disorders
optical coherence tomography for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis

Conditions: Intracranial Atherosclerosis; Optical Coherence Tomography; Plaque, Atherosclerotic; Artery Stenosis; Ischemic Stroke

Summary: to evaluate the clinical significance of optical coherence tomography (oct) in interventional treatment of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (icas).

stroke was the second leading cause of death worldwide and the leading cause of death in china in 2017. icas accounted for 10% to 15% of ischemic stroke in western countries, and as much as 46.6%in asia in 2009. for patients with icas, the risk of stroke is highly related to the histopathology of atheromatous plaques. therefore, characterizing the morphology and composition of plaques in icas may help to predict the risk of stroke occurrence and allow the adoption of preventive or therapeutic management to prevent such life-threatening events. oct, with a resolution of 10μm, may provide more reliable information in characterizing atheromatous plagues. this study aims to get a better insight into the value of oct in evaluating the vessel wall structure and therefore guiding the interventional therapy of icas. in addition, the clinical and biological information will be included to achieve correlation analysis so as to get biomarkers subject to various plaque characteristics.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * symptomatic icas. participants with icas with a transient ischaemic attack (tia) or stroke attributable to the territory of the stenotic artery were defined as symptomatic. a tia was defined as a transient episode of neurological dysfunction (focal weakness or language disturbance, transient monocular blindness, or required assistance in walking) caused by focal brain or retinal ischaemia that lasted for at least 10 minutes but resolved within 24 hours * stenotic degree ≥ 50%, measured by digital subtraction angiography * the stenosis must located in at least one major intracranial artery (internal carotid artery, vertebral artery, middle cerebral artery, or basilar artery) exclusion criteria: * arteriovenous malformation * aneurysm

Keywords: optical coherence tomography intravascular imaging intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting
a study on accuracy improvement of repeated measure uroflowmetry- electromyography

Conditions: Enuresis

Summary: uroflowmetry(uf) has been the standard first-line diagnostic tool for the evaluation of pediatric voiding dysfunction. but recently, uf combined with pelvic flow electromyography(emg) is emphasized and recommended to analyze the separate contributions of the detrusor and bladder outlet and sole uf is discouraged except for the follow-up study after abnormal uf/emg result(bauer et al., 2015). however, electrode itself can disturb pelvic floor relaxation and there is no evidence about necessity of consecutive uf/emg test. therefore, the investigators are going to compare three different methods (primary-secondary: uf/emg-uf/emg, uf/emg-sole uf, sole uf-uf/emg)


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1) children aged 5 to 11.9 who visit pediatric urology department for enuresis. exclusion criteria: 1. if children have experience of performing uroflowmetry or uroflowmetry-electromyography. 2. if children do not cooperate on performing the test 3. if enuresis is caused by neurological or anatomical problem.
a pilot study to investigate administration of mannitol via a novel dry powder inhaler device

Conditions: Healthy; Bronchiectasis

Summary: a novel dry powder inhaler device will be used to administer mannitol to healthy subjects and subjects with bronchiectasis in single doses higher than previously given.the main objective is to assess tolerability of these doses using the new device.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy or bronchiectatic; 18 years and over exclusion criteria: * uncontrolled asthma, unstable
observational study evaluating the processing or breakdown of gw679769 in subjects with hepatic impairment

Conditions: Vomiting

Summary: the purpose of the study is to evaluate how subjects with mild or moderate liver problems process or breakdown the study drug gw679769 in their bodies as compared to healthy subjects.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy or have mild or moderate hepatic impairment * females: non-childbearing (hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, post-menopausal), childbearing (negative pregnancy test, abstinence, double-barrier contraception, vasectomized partner) * negative for hepatitis b and c(healthy subjects) * negative drug, alcohol and hiv tests exclusion criteria: * fluctuating or rapidly deteriorating hepatic function or abnormal kidney function * encephalopathy * active peptic ulcer disease * drug or alcohol abuse * pregnant or lactating * esophageal bleeding * heart failure * infection

Keywords: emesis liver problems hepatic impairment gw679769
impact of virtual reality on pediatric patients with esrd on regular hemodialysis through arteriovenous fistula.

Conditions: Pain; Anxiety

Summary: this case control study will be conducted to study the effectiveness of virtual reality technique on pain during arteriovenous cannulation and on reduction of anxiety and depression in pediatric patients with esrd undergoing regular hemodialysis through arteriovenous fistula.

this case control study will be conducted at nephrology and dialysis unit pediatric department tanta university hospital (tuh) for a period of 6 months starting from april 2024.this study will be conducted on convenient sample of 60 participants. they will be classified as follow group a (cases) group b (controls)each group will contain 30 children and adolescents with end stage renal disease on regular hemodialysis for three times weekly at our nephrology unit at tuh during the period of the study

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pediatric patients with end stage renal disease aged from 8 to 18 years on regular hemodialysis through functioning arteriovenous fistula and are fully oriented with time, persons and place at time of data collection. all participants either cases or controls suffer from anxiety, depression or both. exclusion criteria: * children with temporary or permanent catheter for dialysis. * children with mental illness, visual and auditory defects. * children took any pharmacological pain reliever or antipsychotic drugs. * non anxious or depressed children.

Keywords: vr pediatric
study of the efficacy and safety of aliskiren hctz vs ramipril in obese patients (bmi ≥ 30) with stage 2 hypertension

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of aliskiren hydrochlorothiazide (hctz) vs ramipril in obese patients (bmi ≥ 30) with stage 2 hypertension


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who are eligible and able to participate in the study, and who give written informed consent before any assessment is performed. * male or female outpatients, 18 years of age and older. * patients with stage 2 hypertension. patients must have a mssbp ≥ 160 mmhg and \< 200 mmhg at study visit 5 (randomization). * patients must have a bmi ≥ 30 kg/m2 but ≤ 45 kg/m2. exclusion criteria: * office blood pressure measured by cuff (msdbp ≥ 110 mmhg and/or mssbp ≥ 200 mmhg) at any visit. * use of other investigational drugs within 30 days of enrollment, or 5 half-lives, which ever is longer. * use of aliskiren and/or a fixed dose combination of aliskiren hctz or participation in a clinical trial that had aliskiren and/or aliskiren hctz as treatment within 30 days of visit 1. * history of hypersensitivity to any of the study drugs or to drugs belonging to the same therapeutic class (ace inhibitors or renin inhibitors) as the study drugs. * history or evidence of a secondary form of hypertension. * refractory hypertension, defined as, unresponsive to triple drug therapy at the maximum dose of each drug, one of which must be a diuretic, and not at blood pressure goal (140/90 mmhg). therapy with a fixed dose combination of two active substances represent two drugs. * patients on 4 or more antihypertensive medications. * long qt syndrome or qtc \> 450 msec for males and \> 470 msec for females at screening. other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply.

Keywords: hypertension, obese, aliskiren, hydrochlorothiazide, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, ramipril, stage 2
preventing diabetes

Conditions: PreDiabetes

Summary: the purpose of this project is to improve the quality of weight management care for patients with pre-diabetes and overweight or obesity. personalized risk profiles, clinical decision support, and patient-centered decision tools for understanding pre-diabetes risk and the likelihood of preventing diabetes with a modest 5-7% weight loss will be developed. this project will offer patients their choice of effective weight management treatment options, each containing the cornerstone of weight management- intensive lifestyle intervention. patients and pcps will be better informed and equipped with information that helps them make weight management treatment decisions that work the best for their lifestyle, and each is expected to produce at least 5-7% weight loss over 6 months.

the primary aim of this study was to demonstrate that an increased recruitment rate for weight loss intervention can be achieved within patients that have pre-diabetes by communicating personalized risk of progression to type 2 diabetes, by estimating risk reduction with weight loss, and by offering program choice. secondary aims included program participation rate, weight loss, and short term decreased diabetes risk.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * at least two weight measures within the last two 24 months, including most recent, that meet the following criteria: * prediabetes and bmi \>27: treatment option 1, 2, 3, or 4 * prediabetes and bmi \>40: treatment options 1-5 * most recent laboratory value that meets prediabetes indicators, per american diabetes association, 2016 * hemoglobin a1c ≥5.7% and \<6.5%, or * fasting plasma glucose ≥100 mg/dl and \<126 mg/dl, or * oral glucose tolerance test ≥140 mg/dl and \<200 mg/dl exclusion criteria: * history of significant weight loss documented within 5 years, * contraindications to weight change (e.g., cancer, pregnancy) * prior bariatric surgery * weight loss medication use or orders within 5 years prior to the project.
efficacy and safety of roflumilast in patients with asthma (by217/m2-012)

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: the aim of the study is to compare the effects of oral roflumilast with placebo on lung function in patients with asthma.


Eligibility criteria:
main inclusion criteria: * persistent bronchial asthma * no change in asthma treatment within 4 weeks prior to visit 1 * non-smoker or ex-smoker (for 12 months or longer) main exclusion criteria: * poorly controlled asthma or seasonal asthma * history of lower airway infection four weeks prior to visit 1 * chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and/or other relevant lung disease * patients using \> 8-puffs/day-short-acting bronchodilator (beta-agonists) (more than 3 days per week on average) prior to visit 1 * clinically relevant abnormal laboratory values suggesting an undiagnosed disease, severe renal insufficiency, active hepatitis or an hiv infection * diagnosis, treatment or remission of any cancer (other than basal cell carcinoma) within two years prior to visit 1 * patients with chronic heart failure * suspected hypersensitivity and/or contraindication to roflumilast or albuterol/salbutamol * female patients of childbearing potential not using adequate means of birth control or pregnant or breast-feeding females * patients who have received any investigational medication or device in the month prior to visit 1 or who plan to use another investigational medication during the study