an extension trial of inclisiran in participants with cardiovascular disease and high cholesterol

Conditions: Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease; Symptomatic Atherosclerosis; Type2 Diabetes; Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Summary: this clinical study was designed to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of long-term dosing of inclisiran and evolocumab given as subcutaneous injections in participants with high cardiovascular risk and elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-c).

mdco-pcs-16-01 (orion-3) was a phase ii, open-label, multicenter, non-randomized, active comparator long term extension study. total study duration was 4 years from first participant enrolled to the last subject completed. the study consisted of three study periods: screening period: participants completing study mdco-pcs-15-01 (orion-1) were screened for all inclusion and exclusion criteria of study orion-3. treatment period: participants fulfilling all eligibility criteria of orion-3 were enrolled. participants who received inclisiran in orion-1 received inclisiran sodium throughout this study up to 4 years (group 1; inclisiran-only arm), and participants who received placebo in orion-1 received evolocumab as open-label comparator up to day 336, and then transitioned to inclisiran on day 360 and every 180 days thereafter for up to 4 years (group 2; switching arm). safety follow up: participants were followed up for safety during 4 weeks after the last dose of study treatment. including the screening period, the total study duration for a participant was up to 4 years.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. completion of study mdco-pcs-15-01 and no contraindication to receiving inclisiran or evolocumab. 2. willing and able to give written and informed consent before initiation of any study related procedures and willing to comply with all required study procedures. 3. willing to self-inject. exclusion criteria: 1. any uncontrolled or serious disease, or any medical or surgical condition that may either interfere with participation in the clinical study and/or put the participant at significant risk (according to investigator's \[or delegate's\] judgment). 2. an underlying known disease or surgical, physical, or medical condition that, in the opinion of the investigator (or delegate), might interfere with interpretation of the clinical study results. 3. serious comorbid disease in which the life expectancy of the participant is shorter than the duration of the trial (for example, acute systemic infection, cancer, or other serious illnesses). 4. active liver disease defined as any known current infectious, neoplastic, or metabolic pathology of the liver; unexplained alanine aminotransferase (alt) or aspartate aminotransferase (ast) elevation greater than 2 times upper limit of normal (uln); or total bilirubin elevation greater than 1.5 times uln at study entry visit. 5. females who are pregnant or nursing, or who are of childbearing potential and unwilling to use at least two methods of contraception (for example, oral contraceptives, barrier methods, approved contraceptive implant, long-term injectable contraception, intrauterine device) for the entire duration of the study. exemptions from this criterion are * women \>2 years postmenopausal (defined as 1 year or longer since their last menstrual period) and more than 55 years of age * postmenopausal women (as defined above) and less than 55 years old with a negative pregnancy test within 24 hours of enrollment * women who are surgically sterilized at least 3 months prior to enrollment 6. males who are unwilling to use an acceptable method of birth control during the entire study period (that is, condom with spermicide). 7. treatment with investigational medicinal products other than inclisiran or devices within 30 days or five half˗lives, whichever is longer. 8. planned use of investigational medicinal products other than inclisiran or devices during the course of the study. 9. participants with a history of a serious hypersensitivity reaction to evolocumab or any of the excipients 10. previous or current treatment (within 90 days of study entry) with monoclonal antibodies directed towards pcsk9. 11. any condition that according to the investigator could interfere with the conduct of the study, such as but not limited to: * inappropriate for this study, including participants who are unable to communicate or to cooperate with the investigator. * unable to understand the protocol requirements, instructions and study-related restrictions, the nature, scope, and possible consequences of the study (including participants whose cooperation is doubtful due to drug abuse or alcohol dependency). * unlikely to comply with the protocol requirements, instructions, and study-related restrictions (for example, uncooperative attitude, inability to return for follow-up visits, and improbability of completing the study). * involved with, or a relative of, someone directly involved in the conduct of the study. * any known cognitive impairment (for example, alzheimer's disease).