Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
vitamin c and hiprex in ruti

Conditions: Urinary Tract Infections

Summary: a single centre proof of concept study to assess whether vitamin c improves the efficacy of methenamine hippurate (hiprex®) in the prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infections (rutis) in women


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female * age ≥18 years * recurrent proven uti, defined as "two or more proven infections in six months or three or more infections in six months" * willing and able to give fully informed consent * patients suitable for prophylaxis following discussion with their clinician. * no contra-indications to treatment with methenamine hippurate or vitamin c * all women will have undergone standard diagnostic work-up and have followed routine conservative uti prevention measures. * a working email address to be used to submit urine ph results * willing and able to comply with the study procedures * females of childbearing potential must be willing to use a highly effective method of contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence; sterilisation or vasectomised partner) exclusion criteria: * males * women who are pregnant or breast-feeding * contraindications to methenamine hippurate as described in bnf: known allergy, gout, severe metabolic acidosis, severe dehydration, egfr less than 10 ml/min, severe hepatic impairment * currently using vitamin c containing supplement or cranberry extract tablets * women using urinary alkalinisation agents, e.g potassium citrate, sodium bicarbonate * currently receiving any form of bladder instillation or intradetrusor onabotulinum toxin a injections * patients already on low-dose antibiotics or methenamine hippurate (due to delay that will be incurred by 3-month washout period) * indwelling urinary catheter in situ or performing clean intermittent self-catheterisation * correctable urinary tract abnormalities, e.g., urinary tract calculi, urinary retention * formation of ileal conduit or augmented bladder * neurogenic bladder dysfunction * hyperoxaluria
biomarkers in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation

Conditions: Ventilator Associated Pneumonia

Summary: to evaluate in a cohort of patients on mechanical ventilation, for non-infectious reasons and for documented sepsis of pulmonary as well as non-pulmonary origin, the bacterial load, procalcitonine (pct), c-reactive protein (crp), temperature, white cell count (wcc), american college of chest physicians/society of critical care medicine (accp/sccm) consensus conference criteria, sequential organ failure assessment score (sofa) and simplified clinical pulmonary infection score (cpis) through the mechanical ventilation period

the investigators hypotized that: 1. in patients on mechanical ventilation for a non-infectious cause of respiratory failure, the tracheal bacterial load should be absent or below the cut-off values defined for infection, that is to say tracheal colonization. 2. in patients without the diagnosis of ventilator-adquired pneumonia (vap) and not taking antibiotics till the weaning process, tracheal bacterial load should remain below the predefined cut-off values and the biomarkers (pct and crp) should be surrogate markers of this clinical course. 3. in patients developing vap, an increase in tracheal bacterial load should precede diagnosis with an associated rise in the biomarkers levels (pct and crp). finally, after institution of antibiotic therapy, adequate therapy should be associated with a decrease tracheal bacterial load as well as of the biomarkers (pct and crp). 4. in patients admitted with clinical suspicion of pneumonia, either community-acquired (cap) or hospital-acquired (hap), with microbiological documentation, after institution of antibiotic therapy, adequate therapy should be associated with a decrease tracheal bacterial load as well as the biomarkers (pct and crp). 5. in patients admitted with clinical suspicion of a non-pulmonary infection (e.g. peritonitis and urosepsis) and on mechanical ventilation for an expected length longer than 3 days, either community or hospital-acquired, preferentially with microbiological documentation, after institution of antibiotic therapy, adequate therapy should be associated with a decrease of biomarkers (pct and crp).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients admitted in the icu, with an expected length of mechanical ventilation \> 3 days. * not receiving antibiotics for \>24 hrs before icu admission- an expected length of mechanical ventilation \> 3 days exclusion criteria: * patients \<18 yrs old * pregnancy and lactation * fulminant hepatic failure * pancreatitis * patients with the diagnosis of disseminated cancer, expected to die or undergo withdrawal of treatment within 72 hours after enrolment.

Keywords: mechanical ventilation, procalcitonin, c-reactive protein
genetics of hypertension and its intermediate phenotypes

Conditions: Cardiovascular Diseases; Hypertension

Summary: to define the underlying genetics of hypertension in an asian population by studying intermediate phenotypes.

background: hypertension, an exceedingly common trait in most developed countries, imparts an increased risk of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and renal diseases. nevertheless, the primary determinants of elevated blood pressure in most patients are unknown. recognizing that a sizable portion of variation in blood pressure is genetically determined, one line of research has focused on identifying genetic variants that contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension. however, standard genetic linkage analysis using "hypertension" as a phenotype may lack power due to the multifactorial nature of the disorder. a way to overcome this challenge is to subdivide hypertensive subjects into more homogenous subgroups. design narrative: the overall goal, which is to define the underlying genetics of hypertension in an asian population by studying intermediate phenotypes, can be divided into three parts. first, the rural chinese population will be characterized by the collection of intermediate phenotype data on 600 unrelated individuals with high diastolic blood pressure and on 100 normotensive controls. intermediate phenotypes include: 1) non-modulation of adrenal and renal vascular responses to angiotensin ii with changes in sodium intake; 2) altered urinary kallikrein excretion; 3) low plasma renin activity response to volume depletion; 4) increased free cortisol excretion; and 5) insulin resistance. second, candidate genes will be chosen according to the underlying physiology of the intermediate phenotypes, and variations in the coding sequences of these potentially relevant genes will be identified. finally, polymorphisms identified in the candidate genes will be tested through case-control analyses defined by the intermediate phenotypes. the study completion date listed in this record was obtained from the "end date" entered in the protocol registration and results system (prs) record.

Eligibility criteria:
no eligibility criteria
adipose secretory function in patients before & after laparoscopic surgery

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: the central hypothesis of our study is that metabolic and hemodynamic improvements following gastric bypass surgery are mediated by downregulation of inflammation-related adipokines produced by the intra-abdominal adipose tissue such as visfatin.

central obesity represents a major risk for the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular complications. obesity is often associated with insulin resistance and abnormal production of inflammatory cytokines. adipose tissue and especially omentum (adipocytes and resident macrophages) release several cytokines. visfatin corresponds to a protein identified previously as pre-b cell colony-enhancing factor (pbef), a 52-kilodalton cytokine expressed in lymphocytes. \[1\] visfatin exerted insulin-mimetic effects in cultured cells and lowered plasma glucose levels in mice. mice heterozygous for a targeted mutation in the visfatin gene had modestly higher levels of plasma glucose relative to wild-type littermates. surprisingly, visfatin binds to and activates the insulin receptor. adipose tissue protein and mrna expression of visfatin (pbef) has not been investigated in a single study design with regard to the relationship to fat distribution, insulin resistance and other metabolic risk factors, especially in morbidly obese individual undergoing weight loss surgery. therefore, we propose the following specific aims: investigate the protein and mrna expression of visfatin (pbef) in the peripheral (subcutaneous) and visceral (omentum) adipose tissues of morbidly obese subjects and their relationships to the changes in body composition, fat distribution, insulin sensitivity and time-dependent reversal of co-morbidities following gastric bypass surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with a bmi \< 35undergoing laparoscopic surgery; * patients undergoing bariatric surgery with a bmi \>35kg/m2; and * those patients who have had gastric by-pass that require additional surgical procedures are eligible for this research protocol. exclusion criteria: * unwilling to consent.

Keywords: obese adipose tissue visfatin gastric bypass surgery
efficacy and safety of telbivudine in patients with chronic hepatitis b

Conditions: Chronic Hepatitis B

Summary: this study is designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of telbivudine 600mg versus adefovir dipivoxil 10mg in patients with compensated chronic hepatitis b.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female, at least 18 years of age. * patients with compensated chronic hepatitis b who are currently receiving adefovir 10mg once daily. * patients must have received adefovir 10mg once daily for at least 48 weeks continuously and have a sub-optimal response to adefovir therapy (≥4log10 copies of hbv dna/ml). * patient is willing to comply with all study requirements. * patient is willing and able to provide written informed consent. exclusion criteria: * pregnant or nursing (lactating) women. all women must have a negative pregnancy test at the screening visit. * female patients of reproductive potential is unwilling to use double barrier method of contraception (condom plus spermicide or diaphragm plus spermicide). * patient is co-infected with hepatitis c virus or hiv. * patient has previously taken lamivudine. * patient is currently abusing illicit drugs or alcohol. * patient is using any investigational drugs or with in the last 30 days. * patient is enrolled or plans to enroll in a clinical study involving investigational drug. * patient has a history of pancreatitis, hepatic decompsensation, hepatocellular carcinoma, or a history of hypersensitivity to telbivudine or adfovir. other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply.

Keywords: adults compensated chronic hepatitis b telbivudin aedevofir dipivoxil
a short-term mixed exercise for sarcopenic hospitalized aged 80+ years

Conditions: Sarcopenia

Summary: most previous clinical trials that addressed exercise for sarcopenic elderly subjects focused on community-dwelling older adults who were relatively healthy. there is a notable paucity of high-quality research investigating the effects and feasibility of exercise for hospitalized or institutionalized older people, who are generally frailer and more severe in functional impairment than those living in the community. moreover, most reported exercise programs were of long-term duration, which typically lasted 3 to 6 months with two sessions per week. it remains unclear whether short-term exercise would be effective for treating sarcopenia. therefore, the investigators aimed to assess the effectiveness of short-term exercise for treating sarcopenia in hospitalized older patients aged 80 years and over.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. aged ≥80 years; 2. being able to ambulate (assistance was acceptable); 3. being able to communicate and collaborate with the physiotherapist; 4. with sarcopenia defined by the awgs criteria ; exclusion criteria: 1. terminal illness; 2. uncontrolled heart failure; 3. myocardial infarction within the past three months; 4. uncontrolled respiratory failure; 5. bone fractures within the past three months; 6. acute pulmonary embolism; 7. major surgery within the past three months; 8. uncontrolled arrhythmia; 9. refusal to participate in this study.
screening of congenital anomalies of kidney

Conditions: Kidney Congenital Anomalies

Summary: to evaluate the role of ultrasound in prenatal diagnosis of congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary system in third trimester of pregnancy. primay outcomes: to determine incidence of congenital anomalies in kidney and urinary system in third timerter by ultrasound.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * • singleton pregnancy. * healthy women aged between 20 to 40 years old. * third trimester exclusion criteria: * • multiples pregnancies. * maternal d.m or htn * patients\&#39; refusal to participate.
phase 2 study of velcade with fludarabine in comparison to rituximab with fludarabine in follicular lymphoma patients previously treated with rituximab

Conditions: Follicular Lymphoma

Summary: this is a randomized, open-label, active-control, multicenter phase 2 study of velcade+fludarabine in comparison with rituximab+fludarabine in subjects with relapsed advanced follicular lymphoma. eligible subjects will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio between the 2 treatment arms (55 subjects per arm).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female subjects 18 years or older * histologically proven diagnosis of follicular non-hodgkin's lymphoma grades 1or 2 according to the world health organization classification * subjects must have received at least 12 doses (375mg/m2 or appropriately adjusted dose) of rituximab for the treatment of this lymphoma as single agent rituximab or in rituximab-containing regimens as documented in the subject's medical record * documented relapse or progression following last antineoplastic treatment * at least 1 measurable tumor mass (≥1.5 cm x ≥1.0 cm) exclusion criteria: * subjects with histological or clinical transformation to an aggressive lymphoma * prior treatment with velcade or fludarabine. * antineoplastic (including unconjugated therapeutic antibodies), experimental, or radiation therapy within 3 weeks before randomization * nitrosoureas within 6 weeks before randomization * radioimmunoconjugates or toxin immunoconjugates within 10 weeks before randomization * major surgery within 3 weeks before randomization * chronic use of corticosteroids, such as dexamethasone
alcohol detoxification in primary care treatment (adept)

Conditions: Alcoholism

Summary: once someone becomes dependent on alcohol (alcoholic), the risks of complications from alcohol withdrawal when they stop drinking grow. these can include a life-threatening fit or delirium tremens (see things, become frightened). to prevent such complications, people take medication such as benzodiazepines (e.g., valium or librium) in reducing doses for about a week; this is called detoxification or 'detox.' in the uk effective alcohol treatment exists but little is known about what is the best detox medication. alternative drugs to benzodiazepines appear to protect the brain from the toxicity of alcohol withdrawal and to reduce the likelihood of drinking again. this study will examine the feasibility of comparing medication regimens for alcohol detox for the first time in primary care. it will include a standard detox regimen (librium over 8 days) alone and together with a drug, acamprosate, that has been shown to reduce toxicity of alcohol withdrawal in preclinical models and is used after detox to help people remain sober. it will focus on the practicalities of doing such a study as well as assessing how people feel (withdrawal symptoms) and do (drinking during first month).

aims and objectives: to provide a framework for investigating the hypothesis that for those patients undergoing alcohol detox in primary care adding acamprosate to a reducing regimen of a benzodiazepine (chlordiazepoxide) provides better symptom control during detox compared with benzodiazepine alone. in addition we will assess improvement in sleep, drinking outcomes, completion rates and cognitive performance. specific primary aim: this feasibility study aims to inform a full application for an rct to compare the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of acamprosate as an adjunctive treatment for benzodiazepines for alcohol detox in primary care. key objectives are to: 1. determine the optimal method of recruiting patients in primary care and estimate likely recruitment rate 2. investigate feasibility of completion of and variation in our proposed primary outcome measure in the community - clinical institute of withdrawal scale-alcohol (symptoms during detox), and secondary outcome measures - drinking during first month (via diary to derive % days abstinent), completion of detox, sleep and cognitive performance. 3. investigate patient and gp acceptability of this randomised trial using qualitative measures.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * anyone (18-65 years old) consulting their gp for whom a community based alcohol detox requiring medication is appropriate. * due to acamprosate's license for maintaining abstinence, nobody under the age of 18 and over 65 will be recruited. exclusion criteria: * unsuitable for home/community detox, e.g., with current or significant history of: * delirium tremens or seizures * current or history of high dose polydrug use * significant medical or psychiatric ill health * pregnant or breast feeding * wernicke's encephalopathy

Keywords: alcohol detoxification
low-dose radiation + sbrt + tislelizumab plus platinum-based chemotherapy in stage ⅱa-ⅲb non-small cell lung cancer

Conditions: Lung Cancer; Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Summary: this phase ii study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-dose radiation + sbrt + tislelizumab plus platinum-based chemotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy for stage ii-iii non-small cell lung cancer.

all eligible patients will receive ldrt combined with partial sbrt, followed by pd-1 inhibitors plus platinum-based chemotherapy, initiated within 7 days after completing radiation. pd-1 inhibitors and chemotherapy will be administered at the recommended doses according to the instruction manual every 3 weeks, with 3 cycles planned as neoadjuvant therapy. surgery will be performed within 4 to 6 weeks (+7 days) after completing the final cycle of immunochemotherapy. main objective and endpoint: the rate of pathological complete response (pcr) in the resected primary tumor and lymph nodes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age ≥ 18 and ≤ 75 years; 2. patients with untreated stage iia-iiib non-small cell lung cancer, diagnosed cytologically or histologically (according to the ajcc 9th edition of thoracic tumor staging); 3. pulmonary lesions will be assessed as resectable or potentially resectable by a multidisciplinary team, including a thoracic surgeon; 4. at least one imaging-measurable lesion according to the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (recist v1.1); 5. ability to provide tumor tissue or cell wax blocks that meet quality control standards for pd-l1 expression testing. exclusion criteria: 1. the pathology is small cell lung cancer (sclc), including lung cancer mixed with sclc and non-small cell lung cancer (nsclc)； 2. previously received the following therapies: anti-pd-1, anti-pd-l1 or anti-pd-l2 drugs or another drug that stimulates or synergistically inhibits t cell receptors; 3. subjects with any known or suspected autoimmune disorder or immunodeficiency, with the following exceptions: hypothyroidism, hormone therapy is not needed, or well controlled at physiological dose; controlled type i diabetes; 4. active infection requiring systemic treatment.

Keywords: nscnc neoadjuvant low dose radiotherapy stereotactic body radiotherapy immunotherapy
evaluating the diagnostic validity of inflammation-associated markers for tuberculous pleurisy

Conditions: To Investigate Diagnostic Aid of the Inflammation and Apoptosis-associated Markers and Apoptosis Pattern of PE Neutrophil for Tuberculous Pleurisy

Summary: 1. to investigate the difference of pe inflammation/apoptosis-associated markers between tb pleurisy and non-tb pleurisy 2. to investigate the difference of neutrophil apoptosis in exudative pe between tb pleurisy and non-tb pleurisy 3. to investigate the change of apoptosis pattern of pe neutrophil, before and after tb antigen stimulation, and compare the difference between tb pleurisy and non-tb pleurisy 4. to investigate diagnostic aid of the inflammation/apoptosis-associated markers and apoptosis pattern of pe neutrophil for tuberculous pleurisy

tuberculosis (tb) remains a global health problem even though it has nearly been eradicated in some developed countries. because of variable manifestations and the difficulty in collecting clinical samples, extra-pulmonary tb is usually difficult to early diagnose. tuberculous pleurisy (tp) is one of the most common extra-pulmonary infection and accounts for approximately 5% of all forms of tb. the gold standard for diagnosing tp is mycobacterial culture of pleural effusion (pe), pleura tissue, which requires weeks to yield. the treatment could thus be delayed, resulting in an increased mortality rate. in addition, mycobacterial culture is not so sensitive for pe and with positivity in less than two thirds of cases with tb pleurisy. for diagnosing tp, pe biomarkers are required to be investigated in addition to traditional pe cell counting and biochemistry. in particularly, inflammation-associated cytokines and apoptosis-associated markers may be important because the two pathways involve in tb infection/defense mechanism. for inflammation-association markers, current literature is not comprehensive except ifn-gamma and ifn-gamma release assay (igra). however, the result of igra using pe is disappointed. we should study other pe inflammation markers such as ifn-induced protein-10, interleukin \[il\]-2, il-12 and so on. on the other hand, apoptosis suppression is one of escape mechanisms in tb pathogenesis. macrophage, dendritic cell, and neutrophil are reportedly inhibited for apoptosis in tb infection. but the apoptosis of pe neutrophil are rarely studied. moreover, the role of apoptosis-associated markers (fas ligand \[fasl\], decoy receptor 3, lipoxin, prostaglandin e2, caspases) in pe has rarely been investigated in diagnosing tp except fasl. therefore, we conduct a prospective study to investigate inflammation/apoptosis-associated markers in exudative pe and apoptosis of pe neutrophil to analyze their diagnostic usefulness for tp.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient older than 20 years old * patients with exudative pleural effusion exclusion criteria: * refusal of enrollment

Keywords: diagnosis, inflammation-associated markers, pleural effusion, tuberculosis, tuberculous pleurisy