Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
comparing dexamethasone with dexmedetomidine as additives to bupivacaine in adductor canal block for knee arthroscopy.

Conditions: Pain, Postoperative

Summary: a comparison shall be conducted between dexamethasone accompanied by bupivacaine, on one hand, and dexmedetomedine accompanied by bupivacaine on the other hand and a control group for pain-free knee arthroscopic surgeries.

arthroscopic knee surgery can cause significant postoperative pain to the degree that can potentially delay timely discharge from the ambulatory surgical setting. analgesia after knee surgery can be provided by multiple, non-systemic, non-opioid-based methods, including local anesthetic infiltration, peripheral nerve blockade, neuraxial procedures, and intra-articular injections. the femoral nerve block has been shown to be superior to traditional intra-articular injection of local anesthetics in some knee surgeries, but motor blockade of the quadriceps muscle, with the potential risk for falls, limits the value of femoral blocks for less invasive ambulatory surgery. orthopedic surgery is increasingly being performed on an ambulatory basis, where perioperative analgesia can improve timely discharge in the outpatient setting.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - * adult patients of aged more than 18 years old asa "american society of anaesthesia" * physical status i or ii under-going any unilateral knee arthroscopy. exclusion criteria: - * patient refusal. * pre-existing pain ; postoperative pain similar to preoperative pain * known contraindications to peripheral nerve block, including local skin infections, bleeding diathesis, and coagulopathy. * allergies to local anesthetics, dexmedetomidine, or any component of multimodal analgesia.

Keywords: adductor canal regional block anaesthesia for knee arthroscopic surgeries
early exercise training in patients following heart valve surgery for infective endocarditis.

Conditions: Endocarditis; Heart Valve Diseases

Summary: a prospective, interventional, single-group, single centre study to evaluate the feasibility of early aerobic exercise training in patients following heart valve surgery for infective endocarditis.

infective endocarditis (ie)is uncommon, but people with some heart conditions have a greater risk of developing it. well designed studies have shown that the majority of the ie population have low physical function and many are inactive. this is negative for their health and well-being. high-intensity aerobic interval training has shown to be beneficial in patients with other cardiovascular disorders. presumably, patients with ie also benefit from such treatment, but the optimal training mode,intensity, frequency and duration to improve aerobic capacity are not clear. this study will explore how aerobic interval training supported by smartwatch may contribute to the physical activity after infective endocarditis . throughout the project, investigators will explore opportunities and barriers for supervised individualised exercise training for ie patients that has been treated with heart valve surgery. the primary objective is to explore how early aerobic interval training can be safely performed and accepted in patients with infective endocarditis after heart valve surgery. the two main research questions are: 1. how is aerobic interval training experienced by patients with ie after heart-valve surgery? 2. can aerobic interval training with smartwatch support be accepted and safely performed by patients who have undergone endocarditis and left-sided heart-valve surgery? the study is a single centre feasibility study, at the university hospital of north norway in tromsø .the study duration from the first assessment of the first patient to the last assesment of the last patient: 24 months. the in-hospital training intervention for each patient will start between 7 and 21 days after the heart valve surgery and continue in university or local hospital for 3 months. investigators will recruit between 10 and 20 participants from the university hospital of north norway.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * (1)patients presenting with confirmed infectious endocarditis, with left-sided heart valve surgery and without arterial embolus, * (2)being residents of northern norway, * (3)willing and able to give informed consent 4-21 days after the heart valve surgery. exclusion criteria: * (1)patients who are hemodynamically or respiratory unstable, have temperature \> 38 or positive blood cultures * (2)clinically significant serious concurrents medical condition such as premorbid illnesses and other concurrens serious infection which could affect the safety or tolerability of the intervention * (3)clinically significant concurrens musculoskeletal disorder or other concurrent disease or injury that may inhibit physical activity.

Keywords: training heart valve surgery infective endocarditic
low sodium cooking study

Conditions: Heart Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the acceptance of a salt restricted diet cooked with a controlled amount of salt in patients with heart disease. verifying if there is difference in the acceptance of the standard and hyposodic diets cooked with controlled amount of salt.

patients will be randomized into two groups. patients in group 1 will receive on the first day the standard hyposodic diet - cooked without salt, with 2g of salt (sachet) to be added by the patient at each meal (lunch and dinner). after the first day dinner, these patients will respond to the diet acceptance questionnaire. on the second day, patients in this same group will receive the hyposodic diet cooked with controlled amount of salt at lunch and dinner. the hyposodic diet cooked with controlled amount of salt is cooked with 2 grams of salt that is divided for all the preparations, according to standardized recipes. after dinner, the patients will respond again to the diet acceptance questionnaire, however referring to the diet received in this day. patients in group 2 will receive the same intervention, however changing the order of reception of the diets, so, on the first day they will receive the cooked hyposodic diet with controlled amount of salt and on the second day the standard hyposodic diet (salt sachet). the questionnaire applied refers to the reasons for not accepting the diet. the same questionnaire will be applied twice for each patient, after each of the diets offered - standard hyposodic and hyposodic cooked with controlled amount of salt. the amount of food that was ingested by the patients, for both diets, will be evaluated by weighing the food that remains in the thermal of each meal. leftovers of the preparations should be stored properly in plastic bags, separated by patient and properly identified, to be weighed in an electronic scale and immediately discarded in an appropriate place. it will be noted how much the patient refused from each preparation, in grams. the value obtained will be subtracted from the quantity, in grams, of the same preparation offered to the patient. the result of this operation (amount in grams of the preparation accepted / ingested by the individual) will be converted into percent. to determine the weight of the sended food, a thermometer will be weighed, which will be sent on the day, according to the standard home measure used.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * cardiac patients hospitalized in a clinical unit with prescription of hyposodic diet exclusion criteria: * prescription of diet with restrictions or changes in consistency; * patients who prefer to receive soup or other non-standard food in the diet; * pacients without unable to respond to the questionnaire.

Keywords: sodium chloride diet cooking
myeloproliferative neoplasms and bone structure

Conditions: Polycythemia Vera; Thrombocythemia, Essential; Primary Myelofibrosis

Summary: this is a clinical study to evaluate the effect of cmpn (chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm) to the bone. the hypothesis is that patients with cmpn have a higher fracture-rate compared to the background population. we expect to find a lower bmd using conventional dxa scan (dual energy x-ray absorptiometry), and a change in other parameters using hr-pqct (high-resolution peripheral quantitative computerized tomography).biochemical bone markers is measured to support the hypothesis.

this is a clinical study to evaluate the effect of cmpn to the bone. three individual cohorts are defined; a cohort consisting of 50 patients with polycythemia vera (pv), a cohort consisting of 50 patients with essential thrombocythemia (et), and a cohort consisting of 25 patients with primary myelofibrosis (pmf). patients are recruited from the department of hematology, odense university hospital. interventions consist of: * conventional dxa scan to measure bone mineral density (bmd). * experimental hr-pqct to assess geometry, strength and microstructure of the bone in 3 dimension. * blood-samples are collected and frozen for later analyses of biochemical bone markers: 1-ctp, ctx, alp (alkaline phosphatase)and p1np. the outcome is compared to healthy control individuals.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of pv (according to who 2008 criteria), only jak2-pos.(janus kinase 2) * diagnosis of et (according to who 2008 criteria), only jak2-pos. * diagnosis of pmf (according to who 2008 criteria)independent of jak2-status. exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * bone diseases (mb. pagets, myelomatosis, mgus (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance), osteogenesis imperfecta, prim. hyperparathyroidism, osteomalacia. * drugs (prednisone\>3 mth, anti-osteoporotic drugs, anti-estrogen drugs. * presence of any psychologic condition or language barrier, which may interfere which a complete understanding, and arise ethnical considerations.

Keywords: cmpn fracture osteoporosis biochemical bone markers
comparative assessment of effectiveness and safety of l-espb versus absence of locoregional block in hip surgery

Conditions: Hip Fractures; Lumbar Erector Spinae Plane Block

Summary: hip surgery accounts for a high percentage of both emergency and elective surgical procedures in hospitals. regardless of surgery being prescribed to treat a fracture or coxarthrosis, patients are usually elderly with multiple associated comorbidities. when faced with this patient profile, there is a tendency to undertreat pain for fear of the side effects and pharmacological interactions of conventional analgesic drugs. ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia applied in orthopedic and trauma surgery has been shown to reduce the doses of opioids and conventional analgesics, to ease deambulation and early recovery, to improve respiratory dynamics and to reduce vein thrombosis and pneumonias. our study aims to verify whether l-esp block is effective in the hip and proximal femur surgeries and allows to lower the dosage of opioids in these patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * both sexes over 18 years of age having undergone hip surgery * asa i-iii (classification system used by the american society of anesthesiologists where i is low anesthetic risk and iv is high risk) * capacity to comprehend the principles of pain assessment using the vas visual analogue scale * previously signed an informed consent. exclusion criteria: * contraindications for the technique and/or the drugs used in this context * technical inability to perform the block * severe cognitive impairment or prior mental disabilities described in their medical records * patients already included in other clinical trials.
continued access study for participants deriving benefit in pfizer-sponsored avelumab parent studies that are closing

Conditions: Advanced Malignancies; NSCLC; Ovarian Cancer; Urothelial Cancer; Solid Tumors

Summary: this master protocol for avelumab continuation sub-studies is to provide continued treatment access, safety follow-up, and when applicable, overall survival follow-up for eligible participants who continue to derive a benefit from study intervention in the pfizer-sponsored avelumab parent studies.

b9991046 is a master protocol that will consist of sub-studies from the following parent studies: b9991001 - nct02603432 b9991004 - nct02554812 b9991005 - nct02584634 b9991009 - nct02580058 b9991023 - nct03317496 b9991025 - nct03330405 b9991027 - nct03472560 b9991032 - nct03565991

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. any participant who is receiving study treatment and deriving significant clinical benefit or is in the safety and/or survival follow-up period in a pfizer-sponsored avelumab parent study. 2. participants must agree to follow the reproductive criteria. 3. participants must be willing and able to comply with all scheduled visits, treatment plan, and other study procedures. exclusion criteria: 1. female participants who are pregnant or breastfeeding. 2. any medical reason that, in the opinion of the investigator or sponsor, precludes the participant from inclusion in the study.

Keywords: brca mutant tumors atm mutant tumors
testicular evaluation of azoospermia using micro-ultrasound

Conditions: Azoospermia

Summary: the investigation is a small feasibility study to determine whether there are imaging features related to the seminiferous tubules in the testes under microultrasound. the results from this study will provide guidance on the design and power analysis of future studies in this area.

currently available ultrasound (us) technology is approximately 12 mhz and offers enough resolution to determine the presence of a tumor or varicocele, but has no real predictive value in terms of imaging robust seminiferous tubules. microus offers significantly higher resolution - down to 70 microns. the average width of a normal seminiferous tubule is 200-250 microns. (amer 1837). the average width of an atrophic sco tubule is 75 microns. this echotexture difference cannot be visualized by a conventional ultrasound scan but should, in theory, be detected by a higher resolution (higher mhz) microus scan. this is a feasibility study to image 40 azoospermic or healthy controls in order to determine whether microultrasound (microus) images can visualize differences within the testes of these subjects which may be useful in diagnosing the cause of azoospermia and regional differences within the testes where sperm retrieval may be more effective. specifically, in men with obstructive azoospermia we expect to visualize normal seminiferous tubules while in men with non-obstructive azoospermia we expect to visualize both normal and atrophic seminiferous tubules. the normal tubules in cases of obstructive azoospermia will act as a control by providing an example of normal imaging within a closely related population. localization of normal tubules within the noa (non-obstructive azoospermia) population may simplify the microtese procedure by reducing the amount of dissection required. additionally, the ability to predict the success of the procedure (i.e. presence of normal tubules) would improve risk/benefit decision-making for men considering it.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. men with azoospermia confirmed based on semen analysis 2. post-vasectomy patients with verified azoospermia after the procedure 3. men pre-vasectomy with proven natural fertility or with normal semen analysis 4. males assigned at birth over the age of 18 exclusion criteria: 1. history of prior microdissection of the testes 2. history of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

Keywords: azoospermia, infertility, microultrasound, microdissection
the ability of adipose flap over the nvb to improve sexual and urinary function following radical prostatectomy

Conditions: Prostate Cancer; Erectile Dysfunction; Urinary Incontinence

Summary: despite technological advances, incontinence and impotence remain significant side effects of radical prostatectomy (rp). strategies have been developed to reduce the injury to the erection nerves (i.e. neurovascular bundle - nvb)during surgery to further improve functional outcomes after rp. adipose tissue is known for its stabilizing and even healing potential. these features include reducing the inflammatory process and improving blood supply to an injured nerve. we hypothesized that covering the nvb with periprostatic fat during surgery may potentially improve neural recovery and enhance functional recovery after rp. we sought to examine our hypothesis in a randomized controlled trial.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. male aged 18 years and older. 2. patients diagnosed with prostate cancer. 3. patients should be potent (iief erectile function domain score of 26 and above) and have a sexual partner. 4. patients scheduled for radical prostatectomy with nvb preservation (at least unilateral). exclusion criteria: patients who did not undergo nvb preservation or technical inability to create flap
remotely supervised transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs) for primary progressive aphasia (ppa)

Conditions: Primary Progressive Aphasia

Summary: the purpose of this study is to establish the feasibility of a program of remotely supervised transcranial direct current stimulation (rs-tdcs) paired with language skills practice for people living with the semantic or logopenic variants of primary progressive aphasia (ppa). there are currently no established standard-of-care treatments for ppa. this study will evaluate whether rs-tdcs combined with language skills practice is a feasible study design for individuals with ppa.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. primary progressive aphasia diagnosis (logopenic or semantic variant) 2. peabody picture vocabulary test (ppvt) score \< -1.0 sd, serving as a literacy proxy for premorbid cognitive ability and ensuring english language fluency sufficient for participation in the study procedures. 3. wais-iv matrix reasoning t score \< 20, serving as an index of current general cognitive functioning to exclude those with severe cognitive impairment 4. stable and continuous access to internet service, email (wifi "hotspot" to be provided if needed) 5. fluent in english language (due to outcomes validated in english versions only) exclusion criteria: 1. disorder other than ppa known to cause language dysfunction 2. diagnosis of nonfluent/agrammatic subtype of primary progressive aphasia 3. history of traumatic brain injury 4. uncontrolled seizure disorder and/or recent (\<5 years) history of seizure 5. metal implants in the head or neck 6. any skin disorder or skin sensitive area near stimulation locations 7. pregnant or breastfeeding

Keywords: transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs)
grass sensitisation and allergic rhinitis in thai patients

Conditions: Allergy to Grass Pollen; Allergic Rhinitis Due to Weed Pollens

Summary: allergic rhinitis patients are the patients who have nasal symptoms when triggered by indoor or outdoor allergens. outdoor allergen can be divided into grass, tree, or weed. the type of grass or weed are different in various part of the world. the allergens from grass and weed has never been studied in thailand. this study will find the major allergen from bermuda grass, johnson grass, para grass, sedge, and ragweed, which are very common in thailand. in addition, the investigators will study about the cross-reactivity among these group of allergen.

to find the major allergen of grass and weed, the serum of patients will be used to bind with the allergen extract by immunoblot study. the elisa-inhibition will be used to study about cross-reactivity among various kinds of grass and weed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * allergic rhinitis patients age 10-50 years old * control: healthy volunteer age 18-50 years old exclusion criteria: * chronic illness such as cardiovascular diseases, liver diseases * history of anaphylaxis * pregnancy

Keywords: grass major allergen cross-reactivity
needle nerve contact in ultrasound guided femoral block

Conditions: Peripheral Nerve Injury

Summary: ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block is a common regional anesthesia technique. the optimal method of needle guidance (in-plane versus out-of-plane) with regards to the block efficacy and avoidance of needle-nerve contact has not been established. in this study the investigators tests the hypothesis that the incidence of needle-nerve contact is higher with the needle insertion in an out-of-plane than with the in-plane approach.

fourty-four patients with hip fracture (american society of anesthesiologists physical status 1-3) are being randomized to receive the femoral block with an out-of-plane (needle inserted at a 45°-60° angle 1 cm caudal to the midpoint of the ultrasound probe just above the femoral nerve) or an in-plane technique (needle inserted 0.5 cm from the side of the probe lateral to the femoral nerve). the data collected includes the depth of needle insertion at the endpoint before injection, response to nerve stimulation, distribution of the injected volume in relation to the nerve (anterior vs posterior, the latter indicating impalement), block efficacy at 20 minutes and 24 hours, and any signs of nerve injury).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * asa physical status 1-3 patients * diagnosis of trochanteric or cervical hip fracture * hip replacement under spinal anesthesia exclusion criteria: * patients under the age of 65 years or over the age of 90 years

Keywords: ultrasound guidance femoral nerve block needle placement intraneural needle insertion
comparison of scoring systems for bleeding in open cardiac surgery patients

Conditions: Bleeding

Summary: seven different scoring systems used for prediction of perioperative bleeding were compared regarding patients operated for elective open cardiac surgery in the investigator's study.

collected data of 500 consecutive patients, operated for elective open cardiac surgery were analyzed retrospectively. seven different scoring systems were used to predict the probability of bleeding, including track, papworth, will-bleed, crusade, action, trust and acta-port. the scores are calculated for each of these systems by using their own parameters, and classified into four risk groups as very low, low, moderate and high. then, these risk groups were compared with patients identified in two groups regarding the use of perioeprative erythrocyte suspension (es) transfusions or not, as es positive and es negative.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients with 18 years of age or older, 2. patients operated for elective open cardiac surgery. exclusion criteria: 1. patients with incomplete data, 2. patients with an age less than 18 years, 3. patients operated for emergent surgical procedures.