Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
physical activity as adjunct treatment for opioid substitution therapy

Conditions: Opioid-use Disorder; Substance Use Disorders; Opioid Dependence

Summary: in terms of research, it is documented that exercise has a positive effect on mental disorders. studies have shown positive correlations between physical and mental health, also among substance users. such a study has never been performed on patients in opioid substitution therapy (ost). documentation on the physical health of patients and the effect of exercise is very limited. treatment of substance users is a research area with insufficient knowledge about certain treatment effects. it is important that a treatment can both support and promote the user's own resources and efforts to change their habits of substance use. the objective of this project is to examine the effect of exercise for ost patients, measured in relation to cognitive function and physical form. the target group consists of ost patients from 18 years of age and up, of both sexes, and on stable medication. at least 60 participants should complete the project, which is designed as a controlled randomized study (rct). participants in the intervention group start to exercise immediately after baseline testing. participants in the control group are on a waiting list and will start to exercise after twelve weeks. both groups undergo testing at baseline, after three, six and 12 months. testing consists of two parts: a battery of cognitive and psychosocial assessments and an assessment of physical variables. the research questions of this project are important in a public health perspective. generated knowledge can be quickly applied to local treatment institutions in norway.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants must sign a informed consent form * must be participating in an opioid substitution program * must be on a steady fixed dose of medication * must be at least 18 years of age exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * being in opioid substitution program for less than three months
cross-section survey of mechanical ventilation and acute respiratory distress syndrome in china

Conditions: Respiratory Failure; Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Summary: the characteristics and outcomes of a mixed group of critically ill patients who received mechanical ventilation are not known in china. a 1 month cross-section survey will be performed with the aim of describing the characteristics and outcomes of conventional mechanical ventilation and treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome in intensive care units in china.

from august 31th 2012 to september 30th 2012, all patients admit to icus were screened, mechanical patients and patients with ards be enrolled. the demographic characteristics, diagnosis, formerly medical history, ventilator indications, ventilator data, other respiratory treatments, weaning outcome and 28 day mortality, and the treatment of ards will be recorded.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria for mechanical ventillation patients: meet one of the following criteria 1. patients who were admitted to icu from september 1st to 31th 2012, and received invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours 2. patients who were admitted to icu from september 1st to 31th 2012, and received non-invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 12 hours 3. patients who were admitted to icu from september 1st to 31th 2012, and who fulifll the ards berlin definition or aecc definiton exclusion criteria: 1. lesson than 18 years old or more than 85 years old

Keywords: mechanical ventilation, ards, ventilator strategy, outcome
effectiveness of exercise program in improving quality of life in patients with gastric cancer undergoing gastrectomy

Conditions: Gastric Cancer

Summary: this study will investigate the effectiveness of a rehabilitation program in improving fatigue, negative emotions , sleep quality, circadian rhythms and quality of life in patients with gastric cancer undergoing gastrectomy in taiwan. hypothesis: 1. the fatigue in exercise group is significant improving than usual-care group at 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 6th, 12th, 24th and 36th month. 2. the negative emotions in exercise group is significant improving than usual-care group at 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 6th, 12th, 24th and 36th month. 3. the sleep quality in exercise group is significant improving than usual-care group at 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 6th, 12th, 24th and 36th month. 4. the quality of life in exercise group is significant improving than usual-care group at 1st, 2nd,3rd, 6th, 12th, 24th and 36th month.

this study will investigate the effectiveness of a rehabilitation program in improving fatigue, negative emotions , sleep quality, circadian rhythms and quality of life in patients with gastric cancer undergoing gastrectomy in taiwan.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. after undergoing surgery and clinically diagnosed as gastric cancer. 2. adults over 20 years old. 3. hemoglobin (above 10 g/dl). 4. clear consciousness and could communicate in either mandarin or taiwanese, and were not cognitively impaired were included. 5. no lower limb disability and able to walk on their own. exclusion criteria: 1. suspected or confirmed bone metastasis. 2. poorly controlled cardiovascular disease such as heart failure, arrhythmia, angina, myocardial infarction, chest pain during activities or rest in the past three months, and valvular heart disease using anticoagulants. 3. poorly diabetes controlled, glycosylated hemoglobin (hba1c)\>9%, blood sugar higher than 250mg/dl or lower than 80mg/dl. 4. those with poor blood pressure control, systolic blood pressure greater than 160mmhg or diastolic blood pressure than 100mmhg when quiet, and heart rate is greater than 100bpm when quiet. 5. diagnosed as recurrent depression. 6. regular exercise above moderate intensity, such as 150 minutes per week in the past three months.

Keywords: gastrectomy fatigue anxiety depression sleep quality quality of life
post-marketing study of monteplase ("cleactor") in patients with acute pulmonary embolism

Conditions: Pulmonary Embolism

Summary: to investigate pk and coagulating and fibrinolytic parameter profiles (pd) at the approved dose (13,750 - 27,500 iu/kg) in patients with acute pulmonary embolism accompanying hemodynamic instability.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1) patients who consent for study participation and submit written informed consent with free will by patient or legally authorized representative. 2) patients aged between 20 years or above and under 75 years old at the time of obtaining informed consent. 3) patients with acute pulmonary embolism within 5 days after the onset. 4) patients with acute pulmonary embolism with hemodynamic instability and fulfill all of the following 4 items: 1. confirmed to have thrombi, emboli, or disorders in pulmonary circulation detected by pulmonary angiography or computed tomography. 2. confirmed to have any of the following right ventricular overloads by echocardiography: i) dilation of right ventricular cavity or hypokinesis in ventricular wall ii) floating thrombi in pulmonary artery and right heart iii) paradoxical motion in the interventricular septum iv) disparity of tricuspid regurgitation pressure v) enlargement of pulmonary artery 3. mean pulmonary arterial pressure (pap) is 20 mmhg or above 4. pao2 is 65 mmhg or below (confirmed by blood gas analysis) exclusion criteria: 1. patients with concurrent hemorrhage (e.g., gastrointestinal bleeding, urinary tract bleeding, retroperitoneal bleeding, intracranial bleeding, or hemoptysis). 2. patients who underwent intracranial or spinal operation or injury within 2 months prior to study treatment. 3. patients with intracranial tumor, arteriovenous malformation, or aneurysm 4. patients with hemorrhagic diathesis (e.g., vascular purpura, thrombocytopenia, hemophilia) 5. patients with hypertension of systolic blood pressure \>=180 mmhg or diastolic pressure \>= 110 mmhg. 6. patients with a history of cerebrovascular disorder (e.g., cerebral infarction, intracerebral hemorrhage). 7. patients with severe hepatic disorder (e.g., cirrhosis, severe hepatitis) or severe renal disorder (e.g., renal failure). 8. patients received thrombolytic drug (t-pa or urokinase) within 7 days prior to study treatment. 9. patients with pulmonary cardiac arrest (cpa). 10. patients with a history of hypersensitivity to monteplase or protein preparations. 11. pregnant women, women suspected of being pregnant, women who desire to become pregnant during a period between obtaining informed consent to the final observation, or lactating women. 12. patients who are judged to be ineligible for study entry by the investigator or subinvestigator.

Keywords: acute pulmonary embolism accompanying hemodynamic instability
aesthetic crown lengthening: laser impact on pain perception and perceptions on self-esteem and quality of life

Conditions: Crown Lengthening; Pain Postoperative; Self Concept

Summary: gummy smile is a condition that promotes a disharmonious smile, altering confidence and decreasing self-esteem of many patients. luckily, this problem in most cases is easily solved by aesthetic crown lengthening surgery. however, this is a surgery that is still considered by many patients to be painful and uncomfortable. thereby, this study seeks both to evaluate possible changes in patients' self-esteem and self-confidence after the aesthetic crown lengthening surgery.

periodontally healthy patients who expressed interest in undergoing acl will be selected. before surgery, two questionnaires will be administered: the ohip-14/brazil and the rosenberg self-esteem scale-unifesp/epm. these tools are designed to assess patients' perceptions of self-esteem and quality of life and will be re-administered 30 days and one year after surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * periodontal health diagnosis (full mouth bleeding on probing - bp \<10%, clinical attachment level - cal ≤ 3mm), * distance from the gingival margin to the cementum-enamel junction ≥ 3mm associated with a gingival smile and / or short clinical crowns when compared to anatomical crowns, due to the altered passive eruption or gingival overgrowth). * good general health exclusion criteria: * presence of systemic changes (diabetes, heart disease, hepatitis, etc.) * use of medications (such as antibiotics, continuous anti-inflammatory drugs, phenytoin, cyclosporine) that may influence the response to the surgical treatment * diagnosis of gingivitis and/or periodontitis * smoking habit * pregnancy or lactation period
neomycin and rifaximin plus neomycin in treating methane positive constipation predominant irritable bowel syndrome

Conditions: Constipation-predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Summary: in this study the investigators aim to compare the efficacy of neomycin to a combination of rifaximin and neomycin in the treatment of c-ibs subjects with methane on their breath test. this study will be conducted in collaboration with dr. john dibaise at the mayo clinic in scottsdale, az and dr. satish rao in georgia regents university in augusta, ga.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * rome iii positive ibs subjects (18-75 years of age) * meet criteria for constipation predominant ibs symptoms including ≤ 3 complete spontaneous bowel movements per week with hard or lumpy stools. * presence of detectable methane on single breath sample (≥ 3ppm). * if subjects are ≥ 50 years old, a colonoscopy had to have been completed within the past 5 years. exclusion criteria: * subjects with history of intestinal surgery (except appendectomy or cholecystectomy) * recent antibiotic use (within the last 30 days) * subjects with known pelvic floor dysfunction * pregnancy * creatinine level \> 1.4 * poorly controlled/uncontrolled significant medical condition that would interfere with study procedures * subjects with hearing loss and/or tinnitus * history of bowel obstruction * history of celiac disease * history of inflammatory bowel disease * cirrhosis * diabetes

Keywords: constipation predominant irritable bowel syndrome
evaluation of delayed coloanal anastomosis

Conditions: Rectal Neoplasms

Summary: after rectal resection for cancer of the lower rectum, the restoration of continuity is done by a colo-anal anastomosis with a protective ileostomy. however, the ileostomy is very little accepted by patients. it is associated with significant morbidity and a deterioration in the quality of life. delayed colo-anal anastomosis has been proposed as an alternative to direct colo-anal anastomosis with a protective ileostomy. the theoretical advantage of this technique is to reduce the risk of anastomotic leaks and to avoid ileostomy. in this study, the investigators will retrospectively evaluate the short and midterm results of this technique.

after rectal resection for cancer of the lower rectum, the restoration of continuity is done by a colo-anal anastomosis with a protective ileostomy. the latter reduces the risk and severity of clinical anastomotic fistulas. however, the ileostomy is very little accepted by patients. it is associated with significant morbidity reaching up to 30% of patients, a deterioration in the quality of life and the need for a second surgery to restore digestive continuity. and specifically in low-income countries, ostomy bags are expensive and are not reimbursed, and therefore constitute a heavy burden for moroccan patients. in order to overcome these drawbacks, delayed colo-anal anastomosis has been proposed as an alternative to direct colo-anal anastomosis with a protective ileostomy. this technique consists of externalizing the colon in the first stage by the transanal route, without creating an ileostomy, and waiting a week for the creation of the anastomosis. the theoretical advantage of this technique is to reduce the risk of anastomotic leaks and to avoid ileostomy. several studies have shown encouraging results in the short and midterm, and it is listed among the technical options in the french recommendations for the management of rectal cancer. in this study, the investigators will retrospectively evaluate the short and midterm results of this technique.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients\> 18 years old. * rectal resection with the creation of a delayed colo-anal anastomosis. exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: rectal neoplasmdelayed coloanal anastomosis ileostomy delayed coloanal anastomosis
effect of dexmedetomidine on postoperative delirium after awake craniotomies

Conditions: Dexmedetomidine; Delirium; Awake Craniotomy

Summary: postoperative delirium (pod) is a common complication, and the incidence of pod ranges from 10% to 60%. previous studies suggested that frontal approach and tumor located at the temporal lobe were independent risk factors for pod after supratentorial tumor resections. therefore, patients undergoing awake craniotomies are high-risk populations for pod. a lot of trials show that dexmedetomidine might help to reduce the incidence of delirium in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. however, the impact of dexmedetomidine (dex) on pod for patients undergoing awake craniotomies remains unclear. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dex on pod in patients undergoing awake craniotomies.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients undergoing selective awake craniotomies. * age ≥18 years. * obtain written informed consent. exclusion criteria: * 1.preoperative moderate and severe cognitive impairment (montreal cognitive assessment, moca\< 18). * 2.preoperative psychotropic medication within one year. * 3.bmi≤18 or ≥30 kg/ m2 * 4.pregnant or lactating women. * 5.history of traumatic brain injury or neurosurgery. * 6.severe bradycardia (heart rate less than 40 beats per minute), sick sinus syndrome or second-to-third degree atrioventricular block. * 7.severe hepatic or renal dysfunction.
hydrus microstent for refractory open-angle glaucoma

Conditions: Open-angle Glaucoma

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the safety and effectiveness of the hydrus microstent in patients with refractory open-angle glaucoma.

participants will attend a screening visit, a baseline visit, a surgery visit, and 8 post-operative visits (day 1, day 7, month 1, month 2, month 3, month 6, month 9, month 12), for a total individual duration of approximately 14 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * open-angle glaucoma with optic nerve pathology; * best corrected visual acuity of 20/80 or better in study eye; * refractory glaucoma; * other protocol-specified inclusion criteria may apply. exclusion criteria: * secondary glaucoma other than pseudoexfoliative and pigmentary glaucoma; * acute angle closure, chronic angle closure, or congenial, malignant, or developmental glaucoma; * pre-perimetric glaucoma; * ocular hypertension * shallow or flat anterior chamber; * other protocol-specified exclusion criteria may apply.

Keywords: glaucoma
cognitive-behavior therapy for insomnia

Conditions: Chronic Insomnia

Summary: insomnia is a prevalent public health problem affecting large segments of the population on an occasional, recurrent, or chronic basis. persistent insomnia is associated with impairments in daytime functioning, reduced quality of life, and increased health-care costs. despite evidence that cognitive-behavior therapy (cbt) is an effective and well accepted treatment for insomnia, a significant proportion of individuals do not respond adequately to this treatment. hence, there is a need to identify the active therapy components and mechanisms of change in order to develop more effective therapeutic approaches and optimize outcomes. the specific aims of the proposed study are to (a) evaluate the effects of behavioral versus cognitive therapies for insomnia and associated daytime impairment, (b) investigate the mechanisms of change and, (c) examine the impact of insomnia therapies on psychiatric conditions commonly associated with insomnia (anxiety disorders and depression). a sample of 186 adults with chronic insomnia will be recruited from two sites (laval university and university of california, berkeley). participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: (a) behavior therapy (bt; n = 62), (b) cognitive therapy (ct; n = 62), or (c) cognitive-behavior therapy (cbt; n = 62). measures of outcome (sleep/insomnia, daytime functioning) will be administered at baseline, end of treatment, and at 6- and 12-month follow up. measures of mechanisms of change (maladaptive sleep habits, unhelpful beliefs, sleep-related worry) will be administered at baseline, after the 4th and 8th therapy sessions, and at the end of treatment. it is expected that (1) bt and cbt will be more effective for improving sleep, relative to ct, (2) ct and cbt will be more effective for reducing daytime functional impairment, relative to bt and (3)ct will be more effective than bt in reducing comorbid psychiatric disorders. the public health significance of the proposed study is that it will provide useful information to improve our understanding of insomnia and to enhance efficacy and efficiency of therapeutic approaches for a prevalent and costly health problem. the long-term objective is to contribute to the development and dissemination of evidence-based treatments for chronic insomnia and its common comorbidities.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 25 years old or older * chronic insomnia(\> 6 months) * 3 nights or more per week with difficulties falling or staying asleep exclusion criteria: * progressive or unstable medical condition directly interfering with sleep * history of psychosis or bipolar disorder * alcohol/substance abuse within the past 12 months * use of medications interfering with sleep * presence of another sleep disorder (e.g., sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome/periodic limb movements) * irregular sleep-wake schedule

Keywords: insomnia sleep disorders treatment sleep disturbances
comparison of cypher select and taxus express coronary stents

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease; Angina Pectoris

Summary: randomized nine months clinical comparison of implantation of taxol eluting (taxus express) and sirolimus eluting (cypher select) stents in non-selected patients with coronary artery disease.

design: * randomized open multicentre trial. patients: * 1800 patients with coronary artery disease scheduled for percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation. inclusion criteria: * patients with coronary artery disease scheduled for percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation. * signed informed consent. exclusion criteria: * participation in other stent studies. randomization: * implantation of taxus express og cypher select stents. primary end-point: * combined end-point of cardiac death, new revascularization (pci or cabg) or myocardial infarction after nine months. secondary end-points: * total death after nine months * cardiac death after nine months * myocardial infarction after nine months * index vessel myocardial infarction after nine months * target lesion revascularization * target vessel revascularization * stent thrombosis after nine months end-point evaluation: * end-points will be adjudicated by an independent end-point committee

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * planned implantation of drug eluting stent * written informed consent exclusion criteria: * planned intervention with other stents than study stents

Keywords: percutaneous coronary intervention angina pectoris stent
effects of acute l-nmma treatment on renal hemodynamics and vasoactive hormones in patients with congestive heart failure

Conditions: Congestive Heart Failure

Summary: the study tests the hypothesis that nitric oxide availability is changed in congestive heart failure with regard to the regulation of renal hemodynamics, renal sodium excretion and release of vasoactive hormones. the study tests these hypotheses by comparing the effects of systemic nitric oxide inhibition with l-nmma in congestive heart failure patients with healthy subjects on renal hemodynamics, blood pressure and plasma levels of vasoactive hormones.

the purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of systemic treatment with ng-monomethyl-l-arginine in congestive heart failure and healthy controls on: * glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow * blood pressure and heart rate * plasma levels of vasoactive hormones * lithium clearance the study is randomized and placebo controlled

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: healthy controls * age 20 to 60 years * both men and women * weight below 100 kg * normal clinical examination and laboratory screening * fertile women only if using contraception * informed consent according to the regulations of the local ethics committee heart failure * both men and women * age 20 to 75 years * patients with heart failure in nyha group ii-iii. heart failure must be derived from ischaemic heart disease or dilated cardiomyopathy. diagnosis must be verified by history and echocardiography or isotope cardiography. * ejection fraction \< 0.40 * p-creatinin \< 250 µmol/l * fertile women only if using contraception * informed consent according to the regulations of the local ethics committee exclusion criteria: healthy controls * history or clinical evidence of diseases of the heart and blood vessels, kidneys, liver and pancreas, endocrine organs, lungs, neoplastic disease, myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular insult as evaluated by clinical examination and laboratory screening * current medication * drugs or alcohol abuse * pregnancy * previously within one year received more than 0.2 msv radioactive treatment or diagnostic substances * donation of blood less than 1 month before the experiments heart failure * cardiac valvular disease with stenosis * significant cardiac arrythmia * myocardial infarction, ptca or by-pass surgery less than 3 months before the study * diseases of the lever, kidneys, lungs or endocrine organs which are not secondary to congestive heart failure * arterial hypertension * neoplastic disease * cerebrovascular insult * treatment with ace-inhibitors or nitrates which cannot be stopped 1 week before study

Keywords: nitric oxide renal hemodynamics