Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
the measurement of chemicals in exhaled breath can identify if a person is infected with covid-19

Conditions: COVID-19

Summary: the type and number of chemicals in exhaled breath are different in people with infection as compared to those without infection. in this study, the breath of people with and without covid infection will be measured. changes in the amount and type of chemicals in breath will be used to determine if an individual does or does not have covid infection. if the measurements of breath are a reliable measure of covid infection, this device may be used to rapidly screen people who are attending large public events (for example, music concert or baseball game) to minimize the spread of covid at the event.

n5 sensors has developed a device that can measure chemical concentrations at parts-per-billion levels (for example, 10 molecules in one-billion molecules is 10 parts-per-billion). this device will be used to measure a variety of chemicals in the exhaled breath of human volunteers. the measured chemicals have been selected based on their presence in the breath of subjects with covid infection. in addition to measuring breath, samples of mucus from the nose of these same subjects will be collected. these nasal samples will be evaluated to determine the presence of the covid virus and of covid infection. changes in chemicals in the breath will be compared to the presence of covid or to infection with covid. this comparison will determine if measurement of breath can be used as a quick and simple measure of covid infection.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subject must complete the consent process 2. subjects of both sexes must be ≥ 18 and ≤ 70 years old 3. control subjects must have negative rt-pcr and antigen test 4. covid subjects must have a positive rt-pcr and/or antigen test. exclusion criteria: 1. subjects with severe lung disease which would prevent them from providing a breath sample through a large bore tube (e.g., large drinking straw) 2. subjects with uncontrolled diabetes (e.g., ketoacidosis) 3. subjects who are routinely exposed to paints, paint thinners, gasoline, varnishes, glues, dry cleaning solvents, or industrial cleaning products 4. subjects who are daily smokers of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, tobacco products, or marijuana 5. subjects who have consumed alcohol in the previous 24 hours 6. have not consumed large amounts of garlic (38 grams) over the prior 24 hours. this amount of garlic can come from approximately 6 garlic cloves or garlic supplement capsules, 7. subjects who are experiencing respiratory failure

Keywords: breath testing covid-19 nasal swab
prone position in patients with spontaneous ventilation and acute hypoxemic respiratory failure

Conditions: Respiratory Failure With Hypoxia; Respiratory Failure Without Hypercapnia

Summary: the proposed randomized controlled trial aims at comparing the application of the prone position in spontaneously breathing patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure from any cause versus standard treatment on the rate of invasive mechanical ventilation or all-cause of mortality. the secondary endpoints will include time to tracheal intubation and effects of awake proning on the oxygenation parameters, dyspnea sensation, complications, and tolerance. other endpoints are ventilation free-days at 28 days, duration of invasive ventilation, length of icu and hospital stay, icu and hospital mortality, and 28, 60, and 90-day mortality.

the investigators intend to recruit acute hypoxemic respiratory failure patients with a respiratory rate of more than 25 breaths per minute, spo2 \< 94% and fio2 of at least 40% or more by either venturi facemask, hfnc, or niv/cpap and, absence of decompensated respiratory acidosis during two years. currently, the investigators expect about 35 centers to participate in the trial. demographic data and clinical characteristics on screened patients, regardless of enrolment criteria match, will be recorded (registry). the investigators will randomize 650 patients admitted to the participating centers' intensive care units and expect each participating center to randomize at least 25 patients who meet all inclusion criteria.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria * \>18 years * acute respiratory failure from any cause * admitted to a participating icu * written informed consent exclusion criteria * presence of any contraindication to prone position (appendix i) * the patient meets the criteria for intubation (see item 7.2.3) * participating in other interventional studies with the same primary outcome * receiving comfort care only * pregnancy

Keywords: prone position acute respiratory failure
recovery of hand function through mental practice.

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the therapeutic benefits of motor imagery training in stroke patients with persistent motor weakness.

stroke is a common and highly debilitating illness. many patients (41-45%) experience chronic motor impairments (dijkerman et al., 1996) and limitations in activities of daily living (wade \& langton hewer, 1987) even after extensive neurological rehabilitation. they often result in long-term dependence at a considerable cost to the carers and the health service. it is therefore crucial to optimise motor recovery after stroke. this study investigates the therapeutic benefits of motor imagery training in stroke patients with a motor weakness. evidence for the idea that motor imagery training could enhance the recovery of hand function comes from several separate bases of evidence: the sports literature; neurophysiological evidence; evidence from health psychology research; as well as preliminary findings using motor imagery techniques in stroke patients. there is evidence to suggest that mental rehearsal of movement can produce effects normally attributed to practising the actual movements. imagining hand movements could stimulate the redistribution of brain activity, which accompanies recovery of hand function, thus resulting in a reduced motor deficit. patients are assessed before and after a four-week evaluation period. in this randomised controlled trial 45 patients daily mentally rehearse movements with their affected hand under close supervision. their recovery is compared to 45 patients who perform closely supervised non-motor mental rehearsal, and 45 patients who are not engaged in a training program.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: confirmed diagnosis of stroke in the last 1-6 months persisting upper limb weakness - exclusion criteria: alcohol/ drug abuse psychiatric history previous illness that has impacted on individuals activity of daily living - dementia (assessed by msq) severe aphasia

Keywords: motor imagery stroke neuro-rehabilitation health psychology neuroscience randomised controlled trial
miniject in patients with open angle glaucoma uncontrolled by topical hypotensive medications

Conditions: Open Angle Glaucoma

Summary: the study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of the implant and intra-ocular pressure (iop) lowering effects with or without glaucoma medications. the procedure will be a stand-alone surgery. overall, the patient will be asked to perform several examinations up to 24 months after surgery. the primary efficacy objective of the present study is to show the iop reduction under medication 6 months after surgery compared to medicated diurnal iop at screening.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of primary or secondary open angle glaucoma during screening/baseline visit or earlier. * grade 3 (open, 20-35 degrees) or grade 4 (wide open, 35-45 degrees) according to shaffer angle grading system. * glaucoma not adequately controlled exclusion criteria: * diagnosis of glaucoma other than open angle glaucoma * grade 2, grade 1 and grade 0 according to shaffer angle grading system. * neovascular glaucoma in the study eye * prior glaucoma surgery in the study eye * clinically significant corneal disease * patients with poor vision
pku low calorie drink study

Conditions: Phenylketonurias; Hyperphenylalaninaemia

Summary: this study will evaluate the compliance, acceptability, gastrointestinal (gi) tolerance and safety of a lower calorie amino acid based liquid protein substitute for patients with phenylketonuria (pku) or hyperphenylalaninemia (hpa).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female * 3 years of age or above * diagnosed with classical or variant type phenylketonuria (pku), or hyperphenylalaninemia (hpa) * have been compliant in taking at least one amino acid-based, phe-free protein substitute, providing at least 20g protein equivalent daily, for at least 1 month prior to study commencement * have a prescribed daily phe allowance * written informed consent from patient, or from parent / carer if applicable exclusion criteria: * pregnant or lactating * requiring enteral tube or parenteral nutrition * major hepatic or renal dysfunction * participation in other studies within 1 month prior to entry to this study * allergy to any of the study product ingredients * investigator concern around the patient being underweight (e.g.: bmi lower than 18.5kg/m2 for adults) and/or having an eating disorder * investigator concern around willingness/ability of patient or parent/carer to comply with protocol requirements
acute pain episodes in patients under opioid maintenance therapy : clinical management and long term effects

Conditions: Acute Pain

Summary: to define a rational pharmacological management of pain for the subjects under opioid maintenance therapy (methadone or buprenorphine), it is first of all necessary to estimate the efficiency of the current practices on pain management as well as their potentially noxious consequences, in particular on the long term opioid maintenance therapy. the objective of the study is to compare the efficiency of the opioid maintenance therapy according to the arisen of an acute painful phenomenon requiring an analgesic management for these patients. at first, this work will allow to determine the results on acute pain of the current practices for these patients. the comparison of the long term consequences on opioid maintenance therapy between the patients that presented an acute painful phenomenon and the control patients should help to improve acute pain management for these patients while limiting the risk of relapse in the abused consumption of psychoactive substances.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged 18 or more. * patients under opioid maintenance therapy (buprenorphine or methadone) * patients treated by the same drug (buprenorphine or methadone) since at least 3 months exclusion criteria: * refusal of the patient to take part in the study * absence of possible follow-up

Keywords: analgesics opioid opioid maintenance therapy acute pain
use of airtime timing to improve interactive voice response surveys in bangladesh and uganda

Conditions: Surveys and Questionnaires; Noncommunicable Diseases

Summary: this study evaluates the effect of two different airtime incentive timings on interactive voice response (ivr) survey cooperation, response, refusal and contact rates, as compared to a control group, in bangladesh and uganda.

using random digit dialing sampling techniques, the study randomized rdd participants to one of three airtime incentive timings, some of all of that incentive being contingent on their completing the noncommunicable disease risk factor survey. this mobile phone survey was sent as an interactive voice response (ivr). in ivr surveys, participants use their touch tone key pad to answer pre-recorded questions. (i.e. if you are male, press 1; if you are female, press 2). this study was conducted in both bangladesh and uganda.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * access to a mobile phone * greater or equal to 18 years of age * in bangladesh, conversant in either english or bangla language. in uganda, conversant in either luo, luganda, runyakitara, or english languages. exclusion criteria: * less than 18 years of age

Keywords: mobile phone surveys interactive voice response incentive
efficacy and safety of t-817ma in patients with mild to moderate alzheimer's disease

Conditions: Alzheimer's Disease

Summary: the primary objective of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of t-817ma in ad patients to treat dementia. efficacy will be cognitive function, as measured by the adas-cog cognitive assessment. the secondary objectives of the study are to evaluate the safety of t-817ma and the activities of daily living (assessed with the adcs-adl) of ad patients taking t-817ma, and to evaluate the efficacy of t-817ma in ad patients with an overall global assessment using the adcs-cgic.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. male or female (post-menopausal or surgically sterile) 2. patients with mild to moderate alzheimer's disease who are receiving donepezil. 3. age 50 to 90 inclusive 4. patients must be living in the community 5. patients must have an eligible informant or study partner (caregiver) 6. patients and eligible informant or study partner (caregiver) must be able to read and understand english. 7. informed consent obtained from both the patient and the caregiver etc (according to the protocol) exclusion criteria: 1. patients with clinically significant cardiac, hepatic or renal impairment 2. patient have a dementia not of the alzheimer's type etc (according to the protocol) 3. patients who are taking any drug other than donepezil for alzheimer's disease, including rivastigmine (exelon®), galantamine (razadyne®), memantine (namenda™) or tacrine (cognex®) taken within twelve (12) weeks of the baseline visit (visit 2).

Keywords: alzheimer's disease alzheimer's
a study of imatinib 400 mg once daily in combination with methotrexate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Conditions: Rheumatoid Arthritis

Summary: imatinib is a member of a new class of drugs known as signal transduction inhibitors. the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of imatinib in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in combination with methotrexate in patients who do not respond satisfactorily to standard treatment, e.g. methotrexate.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * with a diagnosis of ra classified by acr 1987 revised criteria with symptoms for at least 6 months * functional status class i, ii, iii according to the acr 1991 revised classification criteria * patients have to have been treated with mtx at the maximum tolerated dose for at least 3 months, and be on a stable dose and route of administration for at least 2 months prior to study entry * disease activity criteria of minimum 6 out of 28 tender and swollen joints at baseline exclusion criteria: * with current use of dmards other than mtx. dmards include but are not limited to: biologic agents, thiolates (d-penicillamine, thiopronine), sulfasalazine, gold compounds, antimalarials, cyclosporine a, azathioprine, leflunomide and alkylating agents such as cyclophosphamide * with any dmrad treatment used in combination with methotrexate within 1 month prior to study entry. in case of infliximab and leflunomide, a washout period of 2 months is required * with any therapy by intra-articular injection, including intra-articular corticosteroid use within 1 month prior to study entry other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply.

Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis, imatinib, methotrexate
icotinib versus first-line chemotherapy plus maintenance treatment in egfr positive lung adenocarcinoma patients

Conditions: NSCLC

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare icotinib with induction and maintenance chemotherapy in the first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (nsclc) patients with egfr mutation.

this study is designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of icotinib and pemetrexed-based first-line induction and maintenance chemotherapy in advanced lung adenocarcinoma with egfr-mutation，primary endpoint is progress-free survival，second endpoints include overall survival, time to progression, and so on.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * recurrent or progressive non-small cell lung cancer stage iv or iiib patients. * positive egfr mutation. * no previous systemic anticancer therapy. * measurable lesion according to recist with at least one measurable lesion not previously irradiated, unless disease progression has been documented at that site. * provision of written informed consent. exclusion criteria: * experience of anti-egfr(the epidermal growth factor receptor) monoclonal antibody or small molecular compounds therapy such as gefitinib, erlotinib or cetuximab. * evidence of clinically active interstitial lung diseases (patients with chronic, stable, radiographic changes who are asymptomatic need not be excluded). * known severe hypersensitivity to icotinib or any of the excipients of this product. * evidence of any other significant clinical disorder or laboratory finding that makes it undesirable for the subject to participate in the study.
oral tramadol versus oral dexketoprofen for reducing pain during office hysteroscopy

Conditions: Hysteroscopy

Summary: two hundreds and twenty five postmenopausal women undergoing outpatient hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy will be randomly divided into three equal groups. to ensure blinding the investigators will use the double dummy technique in which group 1 will receive tramadol 100mg (trama®, global napi, giza, egypt) orally in addition to a placebo similar to celecoxib, group 2 will receive dexketoprofen 25mg (neo ketadex 25, marcryl, egypt) in addition to a placebo similar to tramadol, and group 3 will received a placebo similar to tramadol and a placebo similar to celecoxib. all drugs will be given 2 hours before the procedure. an independent person will generate the allocation sequence using computer generated random numbers.

two hundreds and twenty five postmenopausal women undergoing outpatient hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy will be randomly divided into three equal groups. to ensure blinding the investigators will use the double dummy technique in which group 1 will receive tramadol 100mg (trama®, global napi, giza, egypt) orally in addition to a placebo similar to celecoxib, group 2 will receive dexketoprofen 25mg (neo ketadex 25, marcryl, egypt) in addition to a placebo similar to tramadol, and group 3 will received a placebo similar to tramadol and a placebo similar to celecoxib. all drugs will be given 2 hours before the procedure. an independent person will generate the allocation sequence using computer generated random numbers. statistics: quantitative data will be statistically represented in terms of mean ± standard deviation (± sd) while categorical data will be represented as frequency and percentage. comparison of quantitative data will be done using anova test for independent samples while categorical data will be compared using chi squared test or fisher exact test when appropriate. a probability value (p value) less than 0.05 will be considered significant.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * post menopausal women. * vaginal bleeding. * endometrial thickness \>4mm. exclusion criteria: * medical disorders like uncontrolled diabetes or hypertension, cardiac, renal, liver disease. * gastritis or peptic ulcer. * allergy to tramadol or dexketoprofen.
correlation of cerebral oxygen saturation measured from 2 sensor sites: forehead vs. temporal

Conditions: Cerebral Ischemia

Summary: cardiac surgery and neurosurgery may decrease cerebral blood flow leading to cerebral dysfunction. regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rsco2) monitor via near-infrared spectometry (nirs) is recommended for early detection and correction. the standard site of nirs sensor is forehead area which is impractical in operation with incision at forehead area. the investigators suggest an alternative sensor site at temporal area. the objective of this study is to assess the correlation of rsco2 measured from sensor attached at forehead vs. temporal area.

cardiac surgery and neurosurgery may decrease cerebral blood flow leading to neurologic morbidity, e.g., postoperative stroke, delirium, or postoperative cognitive dysfunction. regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rsco2) monitor via near-infrared spectometry (nirs) is thus recommended for early detection and correction. murkin et al.(2007) conducted a randomized controlled trial in coronary artery bypass graft (cabg) with nirs monitoring showed that patients who received intervention to avoid rsco2 \< 75% of baseline had less major organ morbidity including stroke, and mortality. senanayake et al.(2012) revealed that nirs could decrease neurologic complication in patients undergoing ascending aortic replacement with moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest. the standard site of nirs sensor is forehead area. there are some types of surgery involving incision at forehead area which makes it not possible to attach sensor at this site. the investigators propose an alternative sensor site at temporal area to be used in such situation. the objective of this study is to assess the correlation of rsco2 measured from sensor attached at forehead vs. temporal area.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age =/\> 18 y * undergoing elective cardiac surgery * american society of anesthesiologists (asa) classification ii-iii exclusion criteria: * history of intracranial or carotid vascular disease * previous surgery at face or brain * abnormal anatomy of face * re-do surgery

Keywords: nirs regional cerebral oxygen saturation sensor forehead temporal
ultrasound-guided caudal or interlaminar corticosteroid epidural injection for sciatica

Conditions: Sciatica

Summary: an open-label randomized trial to compare the efficacy of ultrasound-guided caudal and interlaminar corticosteroid injections for the treatment of lumbar disk herniation-related sciatica.

an open-label randomized trial conducted in one centre to compare the efficacy of ultrasound-guided caudal and interlaminar corticosteroid injections for the treatment of lumbar disk herniation-related sciatica. 30 male and female patients will be included in each group. the primary outcome measure will be a 30% decrease in lower limbs pain as assessed by a visual analog scale.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * radicular pain (sciatica or cruralgia) for more than 2 weeks * failure of analgesics and nsaids * without neurological deficiency (motor weakness lower or equal to 3/5) * a lumbar disk herniation on mri or ct dating less than 3 months exclusion criteria: * history of lumbar surgery * history of epidural injection during the last 3 months * radicular pain not due to disk herniation * a contraindication to epidural injection (infection, diabetes) * history of allergic reaction to corticosteroid * patient under legal guardianship