Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
magnesium sulphate in the ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block

Conditions: Pain

Summary: this study evaluated the motor and sensory block duration and the postoperative analgesic effects of adding magnesium sulphate to bupivacaine in the ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block anesthesia. motor and sensory block duration were considered as a primary endpoint.

the supraclavicular approach to the brachial plexus provides more consistent and effective regional anesthesia to the upper extremity than other approaches to brachial plexus blockade. however, the fear of pneumothorax is often cited by anesthetists as a reason to avoid this approach. with increasing affirmation on patient safety and better patient outcomes, ultrasound guided regional anesthesia (ugra) is becoming more widely popular. ultrasound provides clinicians with a real time image suitable for visualizing anatomical structures, needle placement, and local anesthetic spread. ultrasound-guidance to supraclavicular brachial plexus block has shown to increase success rates, reduce the volume of local anesthetic (la) used and has the potential to minimize the risk of complications. although there are many treatment choices for postoperative pain, a gold standard has not been established. prolonging the duration of peripheral nerve blocks using long-acting local anesthesia or perineural catheters can be used. however, perineural catheters are more time-consuming, costly, has possible higher complication rates (e.g. infection), and needs more postoperative care. several adjuvants such as fentanyl, alpha-2 adrenergic agonists (clonidine or dexmedetomidine), tramadol, and magnesium have been used to extend the duration of peripheral nerve blocks. 5-7 magnesium has antinociceptive effects in animal and human models, principally related to blocking the n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptors and regulation of calcium influx into cells. calcium influx leads to a sequence of central sensitization such as windup phenomenon and long term potentiation which are crucial mechanisms that determine the duration and intensity of post-operative pain. magnesium prevents central sensitization triggered by peripheral nociceptive stimulation in response to painful stimuli. the investigators designed this study to evaluate the effect of adding magnesium sulphate to bupivacaine in the ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block anesthesia. the sensory and motor block durations were evaluated as primary endpoints and the postoperative analgesic effects as a secondary endpoint.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. - asa physical status i to ii, 2. - patients listed for elective forearm or hand surgery using supraclavicular brachial plexus block anesthesia exclusion criteria: 1 - evidence of severe cardiovascular, renal, or hepatic diseases, preexisting neurological or psychiatric illnesses. 2- patients have allergy to the study drugs. 3 - patients who have any contraindications to brachial plexus block anesthesia. 4- pregnant or lactating women, or 5- if the bmi was \> 35 kg/m2.
s-caine™ peel (skin numbing cream) to treat pain during laser-assisted tattoo removal in adults

Conditions: Pain

Summary: there is pain associated with laser-assisted tattoo removal. for this reason, some form of anesthesia is commonly used to eliminate or minimize the pain. this anesthesia is usually a topical local anesthetic cream or ointment spread over the skin. the purpose of this study is to further estimate the effectiveness of s-caine™ peel (lidocaine 7% and tetracaine 7% cream) for treating pain during laser-assisted tattoo removal.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient is 18 years of age or older * patient elects to undergo laser-assisted tattoo removal exclusion criteria: * patient is pregnant or breastfeeding * patient has participated in a clinical trial of an unapproved drug within the previous 30 days * patient has participated in any previous clinical trial involving s-caine peel
stellate ganglion block in bulbar palsy

Conditions: Bulbar Palsy

Summary: this is a randomized controlled study, including dysphagic patients with bulbar palsy after ischemic stroke who were received in the department of rehabilitation medicine in 3 hospitals in china. all patients are randomly allocated to the observation group or the control group. both groups are provided with comprehensive rehabilitation. besides, the observation group additionally undergoes the stellate ganglion block. at admission and after 10-day treatment, video fluoroscopic swallowing study, and penetration-aspiration scale, functional oral intake scale, flexible laryngoscope are used to assess swallowing function.

palliation of dysphagia in patients with bulbar palsy after ischemic stroke continues to be a challenge.this is a randomized controlled study, including dysphagic patients with bulbar palsy after ischemic stroke who were received in the department of rehabilitation medicine in 3 hospitals in china. all patients are randomly allocated to the observation group or the control group. both groups are provided with comprehensive rehabilitation. besides, the observation group additionally undergoes the stellate ganglion block. at admission and after 10-day treatment, video fluoroscopic swallowing study, and penetration-aspiration scale, functional oral intake scale, flexible laryngoscope are used to assess swallowing function.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed with ischemic stroke according to the diagnostic criteria, with the stroke occurring in the medulla oblongata and diagnosed as bulbar palsy. * upper esophageal sphincter did not open or opened ineffectively. * age \>18 years. * first-time stroke. * steady vital signs, * transferred or admitted to the department of rehabilitation medicine within 15d after onset. exclusion criteria: * the bulbar palsy caused by other diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases. * pseudobulbar palsy. * complicated with other neurological diseases. * tracheostomy tube inserted. * simultaneously suffering from liver, kidney failure, tumors, or hematological diseases. * dysphagia caused by other possible diseases. * pregnant females.
evaluation of a rapid screening test for detection of adenovirus in tears

Conditions: Acute Conjunctivitis; Adenoviral Conjunctivitis

Summary: to compare the efficacy of a recently fda approved point of care diagnostic test, the rps adeno detector (rapid pathogen screening, inc.; south williamsport, pa), against cell culture for detecting adenoviral conjunctivitis


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: clinical study enrollment criteria upon completing the in-vitro studies, a perspective, blinded clinical study was started. patients who were older than 1 month of age, seen within 7 days of developing a red eye, and who demonstrate at least one criterion from two out of the three categories below were included: i. history: 1) spread from one eye to the other several days later, 2) recent or concurrent upper respiratory symptoms within the preceding two weeks, 3) or an exposure to someone with "pink eye" within the preceding three weeks ii. symptoms: 1) tearing, 2) mucoid or purulent discharge, 3) eye lash matting, 4) burning, 5) itching, or 6) foreign body sensation iii. signs: 1) an inferior palpebral conjunctival reaction with \> or = 1+ papillary or follicular reactions, 2) presence of a preauricular node exclusion criteria: patients with associated skin vesicles, corneal dendrites, traumatic corneal abrasion, concurrent corneal ulcers, foreign bodies, ocular pemphigoid, trauma, previous history of chemical/thermal injury to eyes or eyelids (anytime in past), or greater than trace intraocular inflammation were excluded from the study. additionally, patients with allergy to corn starch, talcum powder, or dacron were also be excluded. patients using any topical ophthalmic medication (i.e. antibiotics) were required to wait at least 30 minutes from their last dose prior to device application and wait at least 2 hours after their last dose of any ointment application

Keywords: adenoviral conjunctivitis viral conjunctivitis conjunctivitis
stem cell analysis, omics (including immunomics) and artificial intelligence in glioblastoma

Conditions: Glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype

Summary: the study aims at: 1. perform a multilayer analysis relying on tight integration of in-depth multi-omics approaches with clinical data to discover immune markers, with attention to age and sex differences, predicting prognosis and defining key life/environmental elements, to guide ai-driven personalised treatments and ensure improved care and qol of glioblastoma patients. 2. to deepen glioblastoma knowledge through the study of glioblastoma stem cell cultures and to assess the sensitivity of glioblastoma stem cell cultures to a number of chemotherapeutics in different experimental conditions. 3. to create a comprehensive, stakeholder-generated guidelines for the ethical use of patient data for artificial intelligence-assisted prediction systems in glioblastoma, including an online, easily accessible patient information brochure to increase patient empowerment in the field.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: to be enrolled in the study patients must: 1. have a radiological diagnosis of supratentorial glioblastoma, or 2. have a radiological diagnosis of first recurrence of a primary supratentorial glioblastoma (for which a formal histopathologic diagnosis of glioblastoma had made at first surgery), according with rano criteria; 3. be a candidate to neurosurgery for glioblastoma at the operational unit of neurosurgery fondazione policlinico gemelli irccs; 4. be of an age of 18 years or above; 5. provide written informed consent for participation to the study. exclusion criteria to be enrolled in the study patients must not: 1. have not enough pathological material removed at surgery available both for mandatory routine histopathological diagnosis and for the present study, as judged by the principal investigator; 2. have not a definitive pathological diagnosis of a primary supratentorial glioblastoma, according with 2021 world health organization classification.

Keywords: glioblastoma tumor microenvironment cancer stem cell artificial intelligence
covid-19 impact on rsv emergency presentations

Conditions: Bronchiolitis; Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Summary: bronchiolitis is a very common winter disease that normally affects children less than one year of age. it is a common reason for parents and carers to bring their child to an emergency department (ed) and the frequent need for hospital admission means that paediatric units are at their capacity each winter. during the covid19 pandemic the virus that causes bronchiolitis (respiratory syncytial virus; rsv) disappeared meaning this winter there have been virtually no cases of bronchiolitis in the united kingdom. this phenomenon has been observed in many other countries around the world. evidence from australia suggests as restrictions such as social distancing for covid19 are relaxed bronchiolitis returns, even in the summer. at the release of lockdown the return has been so dramatic in some areas of australia the summer time numbers are above a typical winter. there is also evidence it may affect older children up to 2 years of age. it is likely the australian experience will be mirrored in the uk. the ability to track, anticipate and respond to a surge in bronchiolitis is important. there is a need to understand: 1. the onset of rsv spread at the earliest opportunity. this is important as some children are at higher risk of hospitalisation, intensive care admission or death if they contract rsv; knowing when to passively immunise these children is a public health priority. 2. whether the population at risk is a wider age range than normal and whether disease severity is greater as these will both effect service planning; there are currently no existing studies or surveillance systems fully able to address these questions. this study will use staff in emergency department to report, in real time, case of bronchiolitis that they see and record essential, but non-identifying, information about them. in 2022/23 the study evolved from a prospective surveillance study into a genomic analysis study with sites collecting positive respiratory samples for rsv genomic review. in 2024/25 the study was amended in light of the introduction of the bivalent prefusion f vaccine in pregnancy in the united kingdom to undertake a vaccine effectiveness study. the main inclusion criteria remains the same but mothers who would have been eligible for the vaccine, and deliver an infant during the rsv season, were consented to obtain vaccination details so these could be linked to bronchstart records.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: i) children under two years of age presenting to participating emergency departments with clinical features of: * bronchiolitis (cough, tachypnoea or chest recession, and wheeze or crackles on chest auscultation) or * lower respiratory tract infection or * afirst episode of acute viral wheeze. exclusion criteria: i) children with previous episodes of wheeze responsive to bronchodilator (suggesting an underlying diagnosis of recurrent wheeze of early childhood)

Keywords: bronchiolitis rsv vaccine effectiveness
nasal inhalation of dornase alfa (pulmozyme) in patients with cystic fibrosis and chronic rhinosinusitis

Conditions: Cystic Fibrosis; Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Summary: rhinosinusitis disorders are often associated with cystic fibrosis. they can restrict quality of life enormously and give cause to repeated ent surgery. the basic defect in cf is a dysfunction of chloride channels in exocrine glands, leading to retention of secretions and consecutive chronic inflammation with bacterial superinfections. the prospective placebo controlled cross-over study aims at the evaluation of the efficacy of a nasally inhalation of pulmozyme with respect to mucus retention and resulting inflammation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria (most important): * subject has a confirmed diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. * subject has chronic or recurrent rhinosinusitic disorders. * subject is 5 years or older. exclusion criteria (most important): * subject has a critical condition (fev1\<30% and sao2\<93%). * subject had an ent surgery within 6 months prior to study.
children immune functions

Conditions: Diarrhea; Upper Respiratory Infections

Summary: the purpose of the planned study is to investigate the effect of heat-treated lactobacilli on diarrhea outcome in healthy children 1-4 years old in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

the beneficial effect of heat-treated lactobacilli for treatment of symptomatic diarrhea was clearly documented and the purpose of this planned study is to investigate the effect on reduction of days with diarrhea in a preventive setting in healthy children 1-4 years old. moreover, the study is intended to evaluate the impact on the immune status of the children.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. parents written and signed informed consent for participation in the study: parents agree with the participation in the study, dated and signed informed consent form prior to any study related procedure. 2. healthy children aged 1 to 4 years 3. no more breastfed. 4. daily home cared and going to a selected pediatrician. 5. parents must have a phone at home or a cellular phone to call the paediatrician. 6. no consumption of commercial products containing probiotics and / or prebiotics during the 3 weeks before and during the study period. 7. children not being intensive consumers of regular yoghurts 8. parents are able to keep a daily record of symptoms and to administrate the study products. exclusion criteria: 1. vaccine administration within the last 3 months prior study start. 2. used antibiotics within the last month 3. congenital or chronic disease. 4. any kind of immunodeficiency or allergy. 5. acute infection or fever. 6. significant illness within the two weeks prior to the start of the study.

Keywords: diarrhea children heat-treated lactobacilli
gene therapy for gaucher's and fabry disease using viruses and blood-forming cells

Conditions: Gaucher's Disease

Summary: gaucher's disease is a lysosomal storage disease resulting from glycocerebroside glucocerebroside (1) accumulation in macrophages due to a genetic deficiency of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase. it may occur in patients of all ages. the most severe form, type 2 gaucher's disease occurs in infants who die in the first years of life (with rapidly progressive neurologic deterioration). the condition is passed from generation to generation through autosomal recessive inheritance. fabry's disease isa genetic disorder (x-linked recessive) due to the absence of the enzyme a-galactosidase a. the disease is characterized by abnormal collections of glycolipids in cells (histiocytes) within blood vessel walls, tumors on the thighs, buttocks, and genitalia(2) decreased sweating, tingling sensations in the extremities, and cataracts. patients with fabry's disease die from complications of the kidney, heart, or brain. both conditions are caused by the absence of specific enzymes (3). patients with these conditions are missing (3) or have defective genes needed for the normal production of these enzymes. studies on the blood-forming cells in bone marrow have lead to gene therapies using retroviruses as vehicles to carry and insert working genes into abnormal or diseased cells. this study is designed to measure the safety and effectiveness of transferring working copies of genes responsible for making missing enzymes into the cells of patients with gaucher's or fabry disease.

this protocol was developed in order to obtain bone marrow stem cells for ex vivo transduction with retroviruses containing the human glucocerebrosidase gene. we continue to enter a small number of patients to this protocol each year. studies with the bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells have enabled us to identify the most effective retroviral construct currently available in order to carry out gene therapy trials in patients with gaucher's disease. the data revealed that a comparatively simple retroviral construct containing human glucocerebrosidase cdna driven by the molv promoter is highly effective. we have obtained approval and initiated a phase i safety and gene marking investigation in patients with type i gaucher's disease.

Eligibility criteria:
normal and patient volunteers. individuals with platelet counts less than 40,000/ul, pt greater than 15 seconds, or ptt greater than 40 seconds will not undergo bone marrow aspiration. individuals with hematologic disorders other than gaucher disease, fabry disease, or mild iron deficiency will not undergo bone marrow aspiration. hiv positive individuals will be excluded from participating.

Keywords: bone marrow retroviral-mediated gene transfer hematopoietic progenitor cell
study of bedside eeg to evaluate brain injury in premature newborns

Conditions: Brain Injury; Seizures; Cerebral Palsy

Summary: this study is evaluating whether a bedside brainwave monitor can be used to detect early brain injury in premature infants.

patient enrollment and electroencephalographic (eeg) and clinical data collection stopped may 2009. data analysis is ongoing, and results have been described (o'reilly d, navakatikyan ma, filip m, greene d, van marter lj. peak to peak amplitude in neonatal brain monitoring of premature infants. clin neurophysiol 2012 may 16), via publication in a peer-reviewed journal. another manuscript has been completed and is undergoing revision for resubmission. we anticipate several additional articles will be completed from the data collected during this study. there is no relationship between industry and no current funding for this study. we maintain institutional review board approval due to ongoing data analysis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * infants inborn below 28 weeks gestation exclusion criteria: * at birth, deemed not likely to survive 7 days or more * major intracranial congenital anomaly

Keywords: brain electroencephalography premature infant neurodevelopment
non-invasive detection of anastomotic leakage

Conditions: Anastomotic Leak

Summary: esophagectomy or pancreaticoduodenectomy is the standard surgical approach for patients with malignant tumors of the esophagus or pancreatic head. these procedures are associated with high morbidity rates, which are strongly correlated with the occurrence of anastomotic leakage. current diagnostic methods, including clinical, biochemical and radiological techniques are frequently inconclusive. delay in diagnosis leads to delay in treatment, which ratifies the need for development of novel and accurate non-invasive diagnostic tests for detection of anastomotic leakage. urinary volatile organic compounds reflect the metabolic status of an individual, which is associated with a systemic immunological response. the aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of urinary volatile organic compounds to detect anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy or pancreaticoduodenectomy in an early phase.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients were aged 18-90 years * american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status of 3 or lower * all participants were capable to understand the study information and signed written informed consent exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: pancreatic cancer esophageal cancer volatile organic compounds field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry
comparison of alfredson and silbernagel protocol in competitive athletes with achilles tendinopathy

Conditions: Achilles Tendinopathy; Tendon Injuries; Tendon Thickening; Pain, Chronic

Summary: a 6-week randomized clinical trial (rct) with a 46-week follow-up compared the effect of alfredson and silbernagel eccentric programs for the treatment of at. the primary outcome was a change in the victorian institute of sport assessment - achilles (visa-a) scale from baseline to 12 months. the study was approved by the ethics committee of the faculty of physical education and sport, charles university (project number: 254/2021). all participants provided written informed consent before participation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * athletes performing track and field, tennis or football at the competitive level * age 18 to 40 years * unilateral achilles tendinopathy * pain lasting more than 2 months * diagnosis of achilles tendinopathy established by pain on function at the achilles region and ultrasound assessment (tendon thickening, swollen tendon) by one researcher * participants trained at least 3 times per week before the onset of achilles tendinopathy * less than 3 months without training and less than 6 months from the last competition/match * wish to return to original sport level * willing to stop with other treatments 2 weeks before the start of the clinical trial exclusion criteria: * achilles tendon rupture in past * corticosteroid injection in achilles tendon region in last 6 months * having other lower limb musculoskeletal injuries or surgery in the last 6 months (e.g., muscle rupture, bone fracture) * having a neurological, systemic or autoimmune disease (e.g., neuropathy, type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis)

Keywords: achilles tendinopathy visa-a ultrasound stiffness competitive athletes exercise therapy alfredson protocol silbernagel protocol