Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
research on emissions, air quality, climate and cooking technologies in northern ghana

Conditions: Inflammation; Growth Retardation

Summary: reaccting (research on emissions, air quality, climate, and cooking technologies in northern ghana) is an interdisciplinary randomized cookstove intervention study in the kassena-nankana district of northern ghana. the study tests two types of biomass burning stoves that have the potential to meet local cooking needs and represent different "rungs" in the cookstove technology ladder: a locally-made, low-tech gyapa rocket stove and the imported, highly efficient philips gasifier stove. intervention households were randomized into four different groups, three of which received different combinations of two improved stoves, while the fourth group serves as a control for the duration of the study. diverse measurements assess different points along the causal chain linking the intervention to final outcomes of interest. the investigators assess stove use and cooking behavior, cooking emissions, household air pollution and personal exposure, health burden, and local to regional air quality. integrated analysis and modeling will tackle a range of interdisciplinary science questions, including examining ambient exposures among the regional population, assessing how those exposures might change with different technologies and behaviors, and estimating the comparative impact of local behavior and technological changes versus regional climate variability and change on local air quality and health outcomes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion individual participants: * classified as "rural" * uses biofuel as main cooking fuel source (firewood, animal waste, crop residue/sawdust) * uses borehole as main water source (to facilitate social network analysis linking household's knowledge and attitudes toward stoves to experience of social contacts); * does not have electricity (to permit possible addition of lighting intervention at a later date); * has a woman in household aged 18-55 and at least one child under five (since women and children are the most vulnerable to cookstove smoke and are thus the main focus of our health measures). clusters: * no more than 25% classified as urban * accessible year-round (determined by field staff) * having at least 10 eligible households (in line with the participant criteria above) exclusion: * household could not be located * household declined to participate
investigating lysosomal storage diseases in minority groups

Conditions: Lysosomal Storage Disorders; Gaucher Disease; Fabry Disease; Pompe Disease; Niemann-Pick Disease

Summary: although lysosomal storage disorders, such as fabry disease, gaucher disease, and pompe disease, represent serious challenges in the healthcare system, no study has yet investigated the prevalence of these diseases in the us. frequently, patients show progressive worsening of symptoms for several years before they get diagnosed. since many of these diseases can be managed therapeutically, it is important to identify and treat patients in order to avoid organ damage. the investigators aim to undertake a screening study that identifies undiagnosed patients with lysosomal storage disorders and determine the prevalence of these diseases with special focus on underrepresented minority groups.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject is greater than or equal to 1 day of age and less than or equal to 100 years of age * subject is managed by a physician in the washington, d.c metro area * subject is getting blood work as part of standard clinical care and there is at least 60 ul blood remained in a tube after all clinical tests were run exclusion criteria: * absolute contraindication for blood drawing * subject cannot be traced back by the referring physician upon a positive screening result

Keywords: lysosomal storage disorders lsd gaucher disease fabry disease pompe disease niemann-pick disease
quadratus lumborum versus placebo in open ventral hernia repair

Conditions: Hernia, Ventral; Pain Management

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether using a ql block is better than placebo (a look-alike substance that contains no drug) in lowering the amount of opioids you need for pain relief in the first 24 hours and if it improves your recovery following a ventral hernia repair. participants will be asked to complete a questionnaire before surgery and again at their 30-day follow up. you will also be asked to complete a pain diary 24 hours after surgery and attend a follow-up visit approximately 30 days after surgery. the following information will be collected from you or your medical record: 1. pain medications given to you during surgery. 2. pain medications prescribed to you after surgery, including medication name, dose, units, and frequency. 3. pain levels during the first 24 hours after surgery. 4. your total hospital length of stay after surgery. 5. any complications that you may have experienced after surgery. 6. demographic information, medical history as well as details about your hernia repair surgery.

quadratus lumborum (ql) blocks have provided analgesia for abdominal surgery. these blocks involve ultrasound-guided local anesthetic injection deep into the anterior fascia of the quadratus lumborum into the thoracolumbar fascia, resulting in widespread abdominal and pelvic pain control. ql blocks extend that coverage from t4 to l1 in the paravertebral space. at this local institution, ql blocks have demonstrated the ability to provide complete sensory analgesia for most patients from t9-l1 up to an estimated 17 hours after surgery. therefore the goal of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of ql block in this patient population.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. \>18 years of age 2. able to read and understand study procedures 3. willing to participate and sign an informed consent form 4. open approaches to ventral hernia repair 5. clean (cdc class i), clean-contaminated (cdc class ii) 6. elective surgery 7. mesh placed in the retromuscular position exclusion criteria: 1. dirty-infected cases (cdc class iv): old traumatic wounds with retained devitalized tissue and those that involve existing clinical infection or perforated viscera 2. patient has a contraindication to receiving the drug and/or procedure: allergy/sensitivity to the drug, coagulopathy, abdominal wall infection at the drug administration site, systemic infection, anatomical distortion, neuropathy 3. emergent procedure 4. mesh not placed

Keywords: regional anesthesia postoperative pain ventral hernia repair
safety and efficacy of therapeutic induced hypertension in acute non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke (setin-hypertension)

Conditions: Stroke, Acute; Progressing Stroke

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the induced hypertension using phenylephrine in patients with noncardioembolic ischemic stroke. the investigators hypothesized that phenylephrine induced-hypertension can result in good clinical response without serious complications in patients with noncardioembolic ischemic stroke.

see below

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with acute ischemic stroke confirmed by diffusion-weighted imaging (dwi) performed within 24 hours of symptom onset or symptom worsening(defined by a 2-point or more increase in nih stroke scale (nihss)score including one or more increase in the motor score of affected upper and lower limbs in nihss during hospitalization or clear history of symptom worsening judged by investigator before hospitalization) confirmed by dwi performed within 24 hours of aggravation. * baseline nihss score 4-18 points * alert mental status * newly developed paresis, aphasia, or neglect exclusion criteria: * patients underwent recanalization therapy * systolic blood pressure \>170 mmhg at baseline * patients with history or at risk of hemorrhagic stroke * history of significant arrhythmia (e.g. atrial fibrillation) * unable to perform mri scans or undergo mri scans \> 24 hours of symptom onset or progression * large cortical infarction on dwi (more than 1/2 of middle cerebral artery territory) * 3 or more cortical microbleeds on gradient-echo mri * coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy * anticoagulation therapy (phenylephrine group only) * patients with high-risk cardioembolic sources * cervical or cerebral artery dissection or unruptured aortic/cerebral arterial aneurysm * decreased consciousness * pregnant or lactating patient * seizure at stroke onset * life expectancy \< 6 months * pre-stroke modified rankin scale (mrs) \>= 2 * patients without informed consent

Keywords: stroke, ischemic progression induced-hypertension phenylephrine
durvalumab or placebo in combination with gemcitabine/cisplatin in patients with 1st line advanced biliary tract cancer (topaz-1)

Conditions: Biliary Tract Neoplasms

Summary: durvalumab or placebo in combination with gemcitabine/cisplatin in patients with 1st line advanced biliary tract cancer (topaz-1)

a phase iii randomized, double-blind placebo controlled, multi-regional, international study of durvalumab in combination with gemcitabine plus cisplatin versus placebo in combination with gemcitabine plus cisplatin for patients with first-line advanced biliary tract cancers.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion 1. histologically confirmed, unresectable advanced or metastatic biliary tract, including cholangiocarcinoma (intrahepatic or extrahepatic) and gallbladder carcinoma. 2. patients with previously untreated disease if unresectable or metastatic at initial diagnosis will be eligible. 3. patient with recurrent disease \>6 months after curative surgery or \>6 months after the completion of adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy and/or radiation) will be eligible. 4. who/ecog ps of 0 or 1 exclusion 1. history of another primary malignancy 2. brain metastases or spinal cord compression 3. uncontrolled intercurrent illness 4. major surgical procedure within 28 days prior to the first dose of ip. 5. prior locoregional therapy such as radioembolization

Keywords: first-line advanced biliary tract cancers (btc) durvalumab gemcitabine/cisplatin placebo
assessment of bladder tumors stage and grade by outpatient flexible cystoscopy performed by urology resident

Conditions: Bladder Cancer; Flexible Cystoscopy; Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC); Pain, Postoperative

Summary: this will be a prospective trial comparing the perspective gross morphological of bladder tumor assessment done by outpatient flexible cystoscopy performed by resident, inpatient rigid cystoscopy done by senior staff and their prediction of the degree of invasion of bladder tumor plus the prediction of the grade compared with the standard pathological result. also, assessment of the patient reported outcomes after both flexible and rigid cystoscopy will be done. in the long run of the study, the prognostic gross morphology with recurrence, progression and cancer specific survival will be assessed.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men and women 18 years or older * denovo or recurrent nmibc * bladder mass discovered in hematuria investigation * willing to share in study exclusion criteria: * inability to cooperate with flexible cystoscopic evaluations * cystoscopies for other kind of intervention (e.g., removal of a ureteral stent) * untreated infections * other causes of storage or voiding symptoms as untreated benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph) or interstitial cystitis * unpassable urethral stricture

Keywords: bladder cancer flexible cystoscopy diagnosis
evaluation of diagnosis and treatment methods in corrosive esophagitis: a 26-year experience-based algorithm

Conditions: Esophageal Diseases

Summary: this study aims to evaluate the diagnosis and treatment methods for corrosive esophagitis based on 26 years of clinical experience. it will retrospectively analyze patient records to identify patterns in clinical outcomes, complications, and the effectiveness of treatment strategies. the study focuses on optimizing patient care by proposing a diagnosis and treatment algorithm that can guide future clinical practices. data will be collected from hospital archives and electronic health records, covering cases of corrosive esophagitis managed at ondokuz mayıs university between 1998 and 2024.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients diagnosed with corrosive esophagitis due to corrosive substance ingestion. * hospitalized and treated at ondokuz mayıs university thoracic surgery department. * patients who underwent clinical, laboratory, and radiological evaluations to confirm the diagnosis. * patients who were monitored and met follow-up criteria during their treatment. * patients above 18 years of age exclusion criteria: * patients under 18 years of age. * patients who refused hospitalization or treatment. * patients who ingested non-corrosive or non-toxic substances (verified by the ministry of health poison information center). * patients lost to follow-up or did not complete follow-up requirements. * patients with incomplete data during the diagnostic or treatment process.
effects of tablets of silybum marianum, pueraria lobate and salvia miltiorrhiza on fatty liver

Conditions: Fatty Liver Disease

Summary: objectives: to examine the effects of tablets of silybum marianum, pueraria lobate and salvia miltiorrhiza on the progression of fatty liver in patients with fatty liver. design: a double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. setting: community residents, guangzhou city, south china. participants: a total 118 men and women (18-65 years), with bmi range of 24-30 kg/m2, and with fatty liver screened by ultrasound or mr at baseline. arms and interventions: 118 participants were randomly allocated into two arms using a block randomization method. experimental arm: tablet of silybum marianum, pueraria lobate and salvia miltiorrhiza, 3 tablets (1g each) twice a day for 6 months; placebo arm: placebo tablets, 3 tablets (1g each) twice a day for 6 months. outcome measures: determined at baseline and at 6 months post treatment 1. primary outcome measures: 1) proton density fat fraction of liver assessed by mr; 2) serum liver fibrosis biomarkers: type procollagen iii n terminal peptide, hyaluronic acid, laminin, collagen type iv, and glycocholic acid; 3) nafld fibrosis score. 2. secondary outcome measures: 1) serum liver function biomarkers: ast, alt, ggt, alp, total protein, and bile acids; 2) fasting blood lipids: total triglycerides, total cholesterol, hdl cholesterol and ldl cholesterol; 3) fasting serum glucose and insulin; 4) serum inflammatory factors (hscrp and il-6); 5) oxidative stress: sod and mda; and 6) body measurements and body fat mass. data analyses: mean changes in the above outcome measures from baseline to 6 months will be compared between the two arms.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age: 18-65 years * bmi: 24-30 kg/m2 * fatty liver, assessed by ultrasound or mr * had normal diet and normal daily life. exclusion criteria: * hospital confirmed diseases of heart, liver (viral hepatitis, drug-induced liver injury, cirrhosis), kidney, brain, hematopoietic system，diabetes, immune system, and cancer； * taking medicine or supplements known to affect fatty liver, body fat; * body weight had changed more than 10% within the past 3 months; * physical or mental disabled to participate the trial; * compliance of tablet consumption is/was less than 80% in run-in period; * pregnant or lactating women, or intended pregnancy during the trial period; * be allergic to the proposed supplements； * attended or plan to attend other trial(s); * be unwell to sign the informed consent form, or have other conditions that be not suitable to attend the trial considered by the investigators.

Keywords: fatty liver silybum marianum pueraria lobate salvia miltiorrhiza
outcomes of trabecular metal augments used in the flying buttress position

Conditions: Acetabular Abnormality

Summary: this study hypothesize that trabecular metal augments used in the flying buttress position is a valid option with good results in the management of uncontained acetabular defects.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * both sexes * 18 years or older * acetabular defect paprosky 2b or 3a segemntal defect reconstructed with trabecualr metal augment in the flying buttress position. exclusion criteria: * patients presented with active infection * pathological defects * pelvic discontinuity

Keywords: acetabular augments flying buttress revision total hip replacement
statin reminders for improving prescribing in primary care

Conditions: Cholesterol, Elevated; Clinical Decision Support; Education

Summary: statins reduce cardiovascular events and mortality, but only 30% of eligible primary care patients nationally are on statins. clinical decision support (cds) interventions in the electronic health record (ehr) can deliver education to providers and increase adherence to guideline recommendations via many potential forms of delivery. interruptive alerts are an effective form of cds but disrupt clinician workflow and increase alert fatigue in an age of clinician burnout and frustration with the ehr. non-interruptive reminders are proposed as an alternative method of delivering cds; however, they require active pursuit by the provider, and their effectiveness compared to interruptive alerts has not been rigorously studied. the investigators propose a randomized trial comparing the effect of interruptive vs. non-interruptive reminders displayed to clinicians to increase statin prescribing in primary care clinics.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients between the ages of 18 and 75 * seen in primary care visit within vanderbilt university medical center * eligible for statin therapy due to 1) atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ascvd) 10- year risk greater than or equal to 10%, 2) type 1 or 2 diabetes and aged 40 years or older, or 3) ascvd diagnosis exclusion criteria: * already on statin, ezetimibe, bempedoic acid, or pcsk9 inhibitor * last low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-c) less than 100 mg/dl * pregnant or lactating * palliative care * statin allergy or adverse effect of statin * rhabdomyolysis * statin contraindicated due to liver disease, defined as 1) decompensated liver disease, 2) ast or alt greater than 5 times the upper limit of normal, or 3) total bilirubin greater than 1.5 mg/dl * statin contraindicated due to kidney disease, defined as 1) dialysis or 2) estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 15 ml/min/1.73m\^2 * has had coronary calcium computerized tomography * less than 3 months since lipid panel resulted * acute visit
dietary treatment for post bariatric weight regain

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: metabolic surgery has, among all obesity treatments, the best long term efficacy, but weight regain (weight regain, wr) or insufficient weight loss (iwl) are relatively common. these are hard to treat, with dietary treatment often failing, and redo surgery being commonly proposed.the ketogenic diet is vastly utilised to obtain weight loss in obesity, but little data is available regarding its application on post bariatric patients. ad hoc designed studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of a vlckd in the treatment of wr and iwl. the aim of this study is to test whether the ketogenic diet is a safe and effective treatment in post bariatric weight regain, compared to its application before bariatric surgery.

metabolic surgery is, to date, the strategy for the treatment of obesity with the greatest long-term efficacy. however, especially in those lost to surgical and nutritional follow-up, weight regain (weight regain, wr) or insufficient weight loss (iwl) are relatively common. in particular, depending on the type of surgery considered, it has been observed that up to 40% of subjects undergoing surgery report a wr long term, where data on iwl are still insufficient to draw well-defined estimates. wr and iwl are hard to treat, with dietary treatment often failing, and redo surgery being commonly proposed, with increased risk of complications and little effect. the ketogenic diet is one of the pivotal dietary therapies for the treatment of obesity, with excellent evidence in terms of weight loss and improvement in complications of excess weight. very little data is available regarding its application on post bariatric patients: correa and colleagues reported in a retrospective case series the efficacy and safety of a very low calorie ketogenic diet (vlckd) in 11 patients with iwl or wr after gastric bypass, reporting a good safety profile, good tolerability, and an average weight loss of 9 kg in 2 months of therapy. although promising, the data in the literature are extremely scarce, and therefore ad hoc designed studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of a vlckd in the treatment of wr and iwl. the objective of this study is to test whether the application of a ketogenic diet is a safe and effective treatment in post bariatric weight regain, compared to its application before bariatric surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: -obesity (bmi ≥ 30 kg/m2) exclusion criteria: * type 1 diabetes mellitus * renal failure (gfr\<60) * liver failure (decompensated cirrhosis) * congenital metabolic diseases * pregnancy * lactation * major psychiatric disorder * alcoholism * drug addiction * patients who are not self-sufficient and without adequate family and social support
effects of hip strength training and neuromuscular electrical stimulation on functional ankle instability

Conditions: Ankle Injuries and Disorders

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to compare the effects of two methods of elevating hip muscle strength on functional ankle instability(fai). . the main question\[s\] it aims to answer are: * whether hip strength training and neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the gluteal muscles, respectively, based on conventional ankle training improves dysfunction in patients with fai? * is there a difference in the efficacy of the above two interventions for fai?

participants will be randomly divided into 3 groups (experimental group a, experimental group b and control group) to receive the intervention for 6 weeks. the control group will undergo conventional ankle interventions such as peri-ankle muscle strength training and ankle balance training; experimental group a will undergo hip muscle strength training based on the conventional training; and experimental group b will perform neuromuscular electrical stimulation of hip abductors and hip extensors based on the conventional training. researchers will compare the three groups to see changes in hip muscle strength, lower extremity muscle activation, ankle muscle strength, proprioception, dynamic and static balance, and self-reported ankle function.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * history of at least one acute ankle sprain one year ago, accompanied by symptoms such as pain, swelling, and inability to participate in daily activities for more than one day. * unilateral ankle sprains and or instability felt at least twice during the past year. * last ankle sprain occurred greater than or equal to 1 month from the start of the experiment. * cumberland ankle instability tool (cait) score less than or equal to 27 points, * the results of medial talar tilt test and anterior draw test are negative. * body mass index （bmi）ranges from 18 to 25. exclusion criteria: * history of lower extremity surgery or fracture. * history of brain injury or neurological disorders. * acute injury to musculoskeletal structures of other joints of the lower extremities within 1 month, affecting joint integrity and function. * participated in lower extremity rehabilitation or systematic athletic training after injury.