Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
methylated dna detect in paraneoplastic syndrome of nervous system

Conditions: Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome

Summary: the purpose of this study is to verify whether the cell-free dna of lung cancer in the blood can be used as a biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of patient with paraneoplastic syndrome of the nervous system.

paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (pns) is a clinical syndrome that affects the central nervous system, peripheral nerves, neuromuscular junctions and muscles by the distant influence of the tumor. no tumor cells are visible in the neuropathy. the disease is a rare clinical syndrome, and lung cancer is the most common type of tumor that causes pns.if pns can be diagnosed when there are no tumor symptoms, not only can the cause of pns be identified, but early tumors can be found for treatment time, and measures can be taken in the early stages of the tumor to improve survival. tumor free dna (cell-free dna, cfdna) methylation detection is to determine the cancer condition and cancer type of the subject by detecting the methylation of free dna released by tumor cells. in normal cells, tumor suppressor genes are expressed and proto-oncogenes are silenced; in tumor cells, tumor suppressor genes are hypermethylated and silenced, and oncogenes are hypomethylated and activated. the release of free dna into the blood will be quickly cleared in tens of minutes to several hours, which can reflect the body's cell damage in real time, and is of great significance for monitoring the early occurrence and development of the disease. at present, the sensitivity of lung cancer cf-dna detection technology is close to 100%, and the specificity is 94%, which is an effective detection technology for early detection of lung cancer.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the agnogenic typical neurological syndromes (including encephalomyelitis, marginal encephalitis, subacute cerebellar degeneration, strabismus ocular clonic-myoclonus, subacute sensory neuron disease, lambert-eaton myasthenic syndrome, skin myositis, etc.) patient who predisposed to a tumor. * pathologically confirmed as lung cancer or suggested as lung cancer patient by imaging (pulmonary ct/positron emission tomography-ct), tumor biomarkers, anti-brain tissue antibodies, etc. exclusion criteria: * lacunar infarction * aortic atherosclerotic cerebral infarction * clear cardiogenic cerebral infarction * other related system diseases (arteritis, vascular dissection, migraine and vasospasm, etc.)

Keywords: paraneoplastic neurological syndrome; cell-free dna
evaluating the diagnostic and predictive value of non-invasive tests (nits) on the progression of chronic liver disease.

Conditions: Chronic Liver Disease

Summary: primary objective is to study the relevance of non-invasive test (nits) in predicting disease stage (diagnostic biomarker) and outcome (predictive biomarker) in patients with suspected or established liver disease and cirrhosis.

non-invasive tests (nits) may complement and even reduce the need for liver biopsy in the diagnosis and follow up care of patients with chronic liver disease (cld). nits either include serum biomarkers (direct or indirect) or ultrasound-based tests, including vibration controlled transient elastography (vcte), or a combination of both incorporated into several surrogate scores.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age ≥18 years 2. clinically suspected chronic liver disease based on any of: 1. patient with historical liver biopsy providing histological evidence of any liver disease or, 2. patient undergoing liver biopsy for suspected chronic liver disease with biochemical and/or radiological findings consistent with liver disease or, 3. patient with clinical and radiological evidence of cirrhosis (in absence of an alternative aetiology) 4. patients with metabolic risk factors predisposing to cld exclusion criteria: 1. refusal or inability (lack of capacity) to give informed consent. 2. age \< 18 years 3. pregnancy 4. an active malignancy. 5. life expectation of \< 5 years. 6. patients not meeting inclusion criteria or judged by the investigator to be unsuitable for inclusion in the study.
phase ii study of 5-day hypofractionated preoperative radiation therapy for soft tissue sarcomas: expansion cohort

Conditions: Recurrent Adult Soft Tissue Sarcoma

Summary: this phase ii trial studies the side effects of hypofractionated radiation therapy in treating patients with soft tissue sarcomas prior to surgery. hypofractionated radiation therapy delivers higher doses of radiation therapy over a shorter period of time and may kill more tumor cells and have fewer side effects.

primary objcetives: i. grade \>= 2 radiation morbidity (subcutaneous tissue fibrosis, joint stiffness, or edema) at 2 years. secondary objectives: i. evaluate local control, regional control, distant metastasis, progression free survival, and overall survival. ii. evaluate the functional outcomes as assessed using the musculoskeletal tumor rating scale (msts) and the toronto extremity salvage score (tess). iii. collect germ-line deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) and nucleic acids from cancer patients to further investigate the association and identify new germ-line mutations that impact cancer predisposition. iv. investigate the role of germ-line mutations in predicting cancer outcome and response to therapy. outline: patients undergo hypofractionated radiation therapy on monday-friday for 5 days. beginning 2-12 weeks after completion of radiation therapy, patients undergo surgery. after completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 3 months and then every 6 months for 5 years.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * histologically confirmed soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity/trunk * intermediate or high grade sarcoma * resectable primary lesion (patients with pre-existing metastasis will be included if their primary is still going to be resected) * recurrent, any grade, no previous radiation therapy * karnofsky performance status (kps) \>= 70 or eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) 0 - 2 * if a woman is of childbearing potential, a negative serum pregnancy test must be documented exclusion criteria: * active treatment of a separate malignancy * history of prior irradiation to the area to be treated * pre-operative chemotherapy (post-op acceptable)
study of lm-108 as a single agent or in combination with anti-pd-1 antibody in subjects with advanced solid tumours

Conditions: Advanced Solid Tumor

Summary: this is a first-in-human, phase i/ii, open-label, multi-centre, dose escalation and expansion study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary anti-tumour activity of lm-108 as a single agent or in combination with an anti-pd-1 mab in subjects with solid tumours.


Eligibility criteria:
key inclusion criteria: 1. eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) performance status of 0-1 2. histological or cytological confirmation of recurrent or refractory advanced solid tumours, and have progressed on standard therapy, or are intolerable for available standard therapy, or there is no available standard therapy. 3. at least one measurable disease for expansion cohorts per response evaluation criteria in solid tumours (recist) v1.1. 4. subjects must show appropriate organ and marrow function in laboratory examinations within 7 days prior to the first dose key exclusion criteria: 1. any adverse event from prior anti-tumour therapy has not yet recovered to ≤grade 1 of ctcae v5.0 2. uncontrolled tumour-related pain 3. known central nervous system (cns) 4. uncontrolled pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, or ascites requiring recurrent drainage procedures 5. use of inhaled corticosteroids 6. known history of autoimmune disease 7. use of any live attenuated vaccines within 28 days 8. have severe cardiovascular disease 9. uncontrolled or severe illness 10. history of immunodeficiency disease 11. active malignancies which are likely to require the treatment. 12. child-bearing potential female 13. have psychiatric illness or disorders note: other protocol defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply.
procalcitonin as a marker of bacterial pneumonia

Conditions: Pneumonia; Bronchitis; COPD

Summary: objective: to evaluate pct as a marker of bacterial community acquired pneumonia in a danish hospital setting. to test if it is possible to reduce the use of antibiotics and the length of stay in hospital, and the willingness of the clinicians to take this new marker under advisement in their choice of treatment. the study is a randomised, controlled intervention study. all adult patients admitted to the department of infectious disease at skejby hospital suspected of a lower respiratory tract infection (e.g. cap, acute exacerbation of copd and bronchitis) are eligible for inclusion. patients are randomised to have either pct guided treatment or standard care, in which case the doctor will not learn the pct test result. in the pct group the antibiotic treatment will be based on serum pct as follows: if pct is less than 0.25 µg/l antibiotic treatment is discouraged; if pct is greater than 0.25 µg/l antibiotic treatment is encouraged and if pct is greater than 0.5 µg/l antibiotic treatment is strongly encouraged. the treating doctor is allowed to overrule the treatment guidelines. the control group will receive antibiotics according to usual practice. the primary endpoints are antibiotic use and length of stay in hospital. secondary endpoint is the proportion of patients where the treating doctor chooses to disregard the guidelines.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * suspected lower respiratory tract infection * must be able to give consent exclusion criteria: * age under 18 years * not able to give consent * admitted not primarily because of the respiratory tract infection * hospital acquired infections
pix2pix networks for scheimpflug corneal tomography image generation

Conditions: Eye Diseases

Summary: computer-aided medical image analysis has advantages, but requires large amounts of training data, which are scarce and costly to obtain, are subject to privacy concerns, and are often highly imbalanced, with over-representation of common conditions and poor representation of rare conditions. consequently, some methods have been proposed to generate artificial medical images using generative adversarial networks (gans). computer aided diagnosis of keratoconus is an emerging research field that may benefit greatly from medical image synthesis, which can affordably provide an arbitrary number of sufficiently diverse synthetic images that mimic real pentacam images. a new conditional gan, the pix2pix cgan, has not been used in this context to date. here, investigators will assess the efficacy of a cgan implementing pix2pix image translation for image synthesis of color-coded pentacam 4-map refractive displays of clinical and subclinical keratoconus as well as normal corneas.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * keratoconus group: * presence of a central protrusion of the cornea with fleischer ring, vogt striae, or both by slitlamp examination. * irregular cornea determined by distorted keratometry mires and distortion of retinoscopic red reflex or both in addition to the following topographic findings as summarized by pińero and colleagues : * focal steepening located in a zone of protrusion surrounded by concentrically decreasing power zones * focal areas with dioptric (d) values \>47.0d * inferior- superior(i-s) asymmetry measured to be \> 1.4 d * angling of the hemimeridians in an asymmetric or broken bowtie pattern with skewing of the steepest radial axis(srax) . suspicious group: • defined as subtle corneal tomographic changes as the aforementioned keratoconus abnormalities in the absence of slit- lamp or visual acuity changes typical of keratoconus (forme fruste keratoconus). normal group: * refractive surgery candidates * refractive error of less than 8.0 d sphere * less than 3.0 d of astigmatism * without clinical, topographic or tomographic signs of keratoconus or suspect keratoconus. exclusion criteria: * • systemic disease * other corneal disease such as pellucid marginal degeneration * history of trauma * corneal surgery such as corneal cross- linking for progressive keratoconus.

Keywords: cornea imaging
a retrospective analysis of the diagnostic performance of 11c-choline pet/ct in primary hyperparathyroidism

Conditions: Primary Hyperparathyroidism; Primary Hyperparathyroidism Due to Adenoma

Summary: the leading cause of primary hyperparathyroidism (phpt) is a solitary adenoma (89%). the treatment of phpt is generally surgical removal of the overactive parathyroid gland(s). since a solitary adenoma is the predominant cause, parathyroid surgery is preferably performed through a minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (mip) in which only the suspected adenoma causing the phpt is resected in a focused manner. to facilitate the performance of a mip, accurate preoperative imaging is pivotal. this study aimed to analyze the diagnostic performance of 11c-choline pet/ct after prior negative or discordant first-line imaging in patients with phpt undergoing parathyroid surgery with an optimized imaging protocol.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients eligible for inclusion were ≥18 years old, diagnosed with biochemically confirmed phpt, underwent a mibi-spect/ct and/or cus with negative or discordant results, and underwent a 11c-choline pet/ct followed by parathyroidectomy. exclusion criteria: patients were excluded if they were known to have a germline mutation predisposing for familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (fhh).
study of pivka-ii and afp measurement in surveillance program for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma

Conditions: Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Summary: there is no prospective study on the test intervals of alpha-fetoprotein (afp) or on the role of prothrombin induced vitamin k absence or antagonist-ii (pivka-ii) in surveillance program for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma(hcc). the goal of this study is to compare if the testing of afp + pivka-ii in intervals of 3 months is more effective in diagnosing early stages of hcc than the 6 month interval of afp that is commonly used

there is no prospective study on the test intervals of alpha-fetoprotein (afp) or on the role of prothrombin induced vitamin k absence or antagonist-ii (pivka-ii) in surveillance program for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma(hcc). the goal of this study is to compare if the testing of afp + pivka-ii in intervals of 3 months is more effective in diagnosing early stages of hcc than the 6 month interval of afp that is commonly used

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * lc exclusion criteria: * previous hcc

Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma
clinical & visual outcomes of collagen cross linking for fungal keratitis

Conditions: Mycotic Corneal Ulcer

Summary: the study is a randomised control trial to assess the visual and clinical outcomes of collagen cross linking in fungal keratitis. fungal keratitis is a major cause of corneal blindness in india and the therapeutic options available are minimal to handle the advanced complications and sequalae caused by the disease.the antimicrobial and tissue remodeling role of corneal cross linking was demonstrated by several studies earlier,we anted to specifically assess the role of corneal cross linking in non resolving fungal keratitis in prevention of perforation and enhancement of healing process.

patients with culture positive deep stromal fungal keratitis not responding to appropriate medical therapy for a period of two weeks were randomized to receive or not receive adjuvant cxl. the medical therapy was continued in both the groups and were followed up for 6 weeks after randomization. healing of the ulcer was taken as successful outcome, while perforation and increase in ulcer size of more than 2 sq.mm from the baseline was considered as treatment failure.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ulcer size more than 5 mm * ulcer depth upto 70% of stromal depth * corneal thickness of 400 microns and above exclusion criteria: * corneal thickness of below 400 microns * ulcers involving the limbus * pregnant women * children below the age of 18 years

Keywords: fungal keratitis collagen cross linking
trial of mental health treatment for darfur refugees in cairo

Conditions: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; Depression; Anger; Domestic Violence

Summary: the enormous global burden of mental illness has been estimated through the publication of the global burden of disease study, adding momentum to refugee mental health studies (1,2). as research confirms that high levels of posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd) and depression occur in post-conflict settings, it is essential to develop effective treatment for psychological trauma in refugee populations recovering from mass violence (3-4). ptsd and depression are risk factors for anger, interpersonal discord and violence, not only among those who have trauma and depression, but also among their spouses and children (5-9). this "infectious" model of trauma/violence is critically important in the setting of ethnic conflict, as increased levels of interpersonal violence within the afflicted community hinder its recovery and fuel future cycles of conflict. to date, there has been little research on the interpersonal effects of trauma among refugee populations. the proposed research is a pilot and randomized controlled trial of "interpersonal therapy" (ipt) for sudanese refugees living in cairo. ipt, a very effective therapy for depression, has been adapted for ptsd treatment and sub-saharan africa settings (10-12). measures will evaluate success of the treatment not only in terms of individual ptsd and depression symptoms, but also with respect to interpersonal conflict. hypotheses: (1) after ipt intervention, sudanese refugees will have lower levels of depression and trauma symptoms compared to wait list controls (2) after ipt intervention, sudanese refugees will have lower levels of interpersonal violence compared to wait list controls.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age greater than 18 years; 2. absence of cognitive dysfunction which requires a higher level of care and/or interferes with ability to participate in ipt; 3. absence of severe thought or mood disorder symptoms which requires a higher level of care and/or interferes with ability to participate in ipt; 4. absence of drug and alcohol dependence; 5. htq score of 2.3 or greater; 6. ability to attend twice a week therapy sessions for 4 weeks and return for regular screening; 7. ability to give verbal informed consent . exclusion criteria: 1. unable to give informed consent; 2. age less than 18; 3. cognitive dysfunction which requires a higher level of care and/or interferes with ability to participate in ipt; 4. severe thought or mood disorder symptoms which requires a higher level of care and/or interferes with ability to participate in ipt; 5. drug or alcohol dependence in the past 6 months; 6. htq score less than 2.5; 7. inability to attend twice a week therapy sessions for 4 weeks and return for regular screening .

Keywords: ptsd depression anger domestic violence refugee asylum seeker community therapist paraprofessional therapists
a study of dalcetrapib in patients hospitalized for an acute coronary syndrome (dal-acute)

Conditions: Coronary Heart Disease

Summary: this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multi-center study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of dalcetrapib in patients hospitalized for an acute coronary syndrome (acs). treatment will be initiated within 1 week after the acs. patients will be randomized to receive dalcetrapib 600 mg as daily oral doses or matching placebo. the anticipated time on study treatment is 20 weeks.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients, \>/=45 years of age * patients admitted to the hospital for acute coronary syndrome (acs) * patients receiving guideline-based medical and dietary management of dyslipidemia exclusion criteria: * symptomatic congestive heart failure (nyha class iii or iv) * clinically significant heart disease requiring coronary artery bypass grafting, cardiac transplantation, surgical valve repair/replacement during the study * uncontrolled hypertension * uncontrolled diabetes * severe anemia * concomitant treatment with any other drug raising high-density lipoprotein c (hdl-c; eg niacin, fibrates)
rosiglitazone and exercise training: effects on hiv-infected people with insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, and adipose tissue maldistribution

Conditions: HIV Infections; Insulin Resistance

Summary: several complications have become prevalent in people living with hiv/aids, including increased blood sugar, increased blood fats and cholesterol, and fat tissue redistribution. the causes of these complications are not well understood and effective treatments have not been identified. we propose to test the efficacy and safety of 2 treatments for these complications in people living with hiv/aids: aerobic, weight lifting exercise training, and a new insulin-sensitizing agent called rosiglitazone (avandia). exercise and rosiglitazone have been effective and moderately safe when used in hiv-seronegative people with diabetes, but a specific trial is needed to test efficacy and safety in people living with hiv/aids.

we propose a 12wk controlled, randomized trial that compares the effects of rosiglitazone therapy, exercise training and combined rosiglitazone and exercise training. we hypothesize that rosiglitazone will lower blood sugar, insulin, blood fats, muscle and liver lipid content and composition in hiv-infected people. exercise training will induce the same benefits, but will also reduce abdominal fat mass. we hypothesize that combining exercise training with rosiglitazone therapy will be most effective at reducing blood sugar, insulin, lipids, muscle and liver lipid contents, and restoring body fat distribution than either intervention alone. at baseline and after 12 wk of treatment we will measure: the ability of insulin to promote the clearance of sugar from the blood, the clearance rate of blood sugar, the rate of glucose production by the liver, blood fat and cholesterol concentrations, body fat content and fat distribution in the arms, legs, trunk regions, muscle and liver lipid content and composition.

Eligibility criteria:
the research volunteers will consist of hiv-infected men and women treated with pi-based haart who have developed insulin resistance of impaired glucose homeostasis: * fasting (8h) plasma glucose 110-126 mg/dl (6.1-7.1 mm) or * plasma glucose \>140 (7.8 mm) 2 hours after a 75g-oral glucose load. although not required for enrollment, many of these volunteers will also have developed trunk adipose tissue redistribution (defined as): trunk/appendicular adipose ratio using whole-body dexa \>1.1 (men), \>0.9 (women), or visceral adipose/total abdominal adipose tissue (vat/tat) \>0.40 using 1h-mri imaging at the level of the umbilicus (\~l3-l4 inter-vertebral space). many will also have developed fasting hypertriglyceridemia (\>300mg/dl, \>3.4 mm). * plasma viremia (roche amplicor assay) \ = 200 cells/ul for at least 3 months prior to enrollment. * stable on a pi-containing haart regimen for at least 3 months prior to enrollment. * 18-65 years of age * body mass index \<= 34kg/m\*2, total body fat \<=35% of weight