Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
mucosal and microbiota changes during acute campylobacteriosis

Conditions: Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Summary: gastrointestinal (gi) infection with campylobacter causes inflammation in the bowel and can change bacteria in the gut. certain individuals with campylobacter infection are also known to develop chronic bowel problems such as irritable bowel syndrome (ibs). the researchers are doing this study to understand if changes in gut bacteria and gut mucosal lining during an acute infection can help identify individuals who might be at risk for developing problems in the future.

gastrointestinal (gi) infections involving a variety of bacterial, viral, and parasitic pathogens predispose patients to post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (pi-ibs) and other functional gi disorders1. campylobacter is one of the top five organisms responsible for food-borne illnesses causing approximately 0.8 million cases annually2. isolated c. jejuni infection has been associated with a pi-ibs risk of 9% to 13%3. epidemiological studies have identified female gender, age \ t) of intron 1. polymorphisms in il-18 and infg were linked to the risk of post-infectious reactive arthritis, but not to pi-ibs6. however, this study was limited by assessment of only serum cytokine profile and not mucosal. a recent study has shown that fecal microbiota of patients with pi-ibs differs from that of healthy controls and resembles that of patients with ibs with diarrhea (ibs-d)7. the microbiota is altered during acute enteritis, but it is unclear if there are any signatures in acute microbiota alterations that can help predict development of pi-ibs following campylobacter enteritis. our overall goal with this study is to identify non-invasive and invasive host factors that can help predict the development of pi-ibs following campylobacter enteritis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * no abdominal surgery (except appendectomy and cholecystectomy) * stool culture or polymerase chain reaction (pcr) positive enteritis with campylobacter exclusion criteria: * history of ibs, irritable bowel disease (ibd) (crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis), microscopic colitis or celiac disease. * history of gastroenteritis in six months prior to campylobacter enteritis * pregnancy

Keywords: post infectious
minimal breathing support and early steroids to prevent chronic lung disease in extremely premature infants (save)

Conditions: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Small for Gestational Age; Infant, Premature

Summary: this multicenter clinical trial tested whether minimal ventilation decreases death or bpd. infants with birth weight 501g to 1000g and mechanically ventilated before 12 hours were randomly assigned to minimal ventilation (partial pressure of carbon dioxide \[pco(2)\] target \>52 mm hg) or routine ventilation (pco(2) target \<48 mm hg) and a tapered dexamethasone course or saline placebo for 10 days, using a 2 x 2 factorial design. the primary outcome was death or bpd at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. blood gases, ventilator settings, and fio2 were recorded for 10 days; complications and outcomes were monitored to discharge. the infants' neurodevelopment was evaluated at 18-22 months corrected age.

chronic lung disease (cld), also known as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd), in very premature infants has been associated with mechanical ventilation and relative adrenal insufficiency. this multicenter clinical trial tested whether minimal ventilation decreases death or bpd. infants with birth weight 501g to 1000g and mechanically ventilated before 12 hours were randomly assigned to minimal ventilation (partial pressure of carbon dioxide \[pco(2)\] target \>52 mm hg) or routine ventilation (pco(2) target \<48 mm hg) and a tapered dexamethasone course or saline placebo for 10 days, using a 2 x 2 factorial design. the primary outcome was death or bpd at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. blood gases, ventilator settings, and fio2 were recorded for 10 days; complications and outcomes were monitored to discharge. the trial was terminated by the steering committee when the interim analysis for the data safety and monitoring committee showed a higher rate of spontaneous gastrointestinal perforations in the dexamethasone-treated infants. neurodevelopment was assessed at 18-22 months postmenstrual age.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * greater than 12 hrs of age and less than 10 days chronologic age * 501-1000 gm * intubated and mechanically ventilated before 12 hrs * indwelling vascular catheter * infants 751-100 gm must be receiving fio2 greater than 0.30 and have received at least 1 dose of surfactant at randomization * parental consent exclusion criteria: * major congenital anomaly * symptomatic non-bacterial infection * permanent neuromuscular conditions that affect respiration * terminal illness (defined as ph values less than 6.8 for more than 2 hours or persistent bradycardia associated with hypoxia for more than 2 hours) * use of postnatal corticosteroids

Keywords: nichd neonatal research network extremely low birth weight (elbw) prematurity chronic lung disease (cld) dexamethasone glucocorticoids respiration, artificial mechanical ventilation respiratory insufficiency
effectiveness of flash mediation therapy

Conditions: Dementia

Summary: in order to offer a non-drug intervention for caregivers in nursing home to respond promptly to a behavioral crisis with an appropriate response to each patient, a chariot has been developed by the institute of ageing well korian (institut du bien vieillir korian) to bring together eleven mediation activities. these activities lasting about 15 minutes are based on emotion (reminiscent, games) and sensory interventions (music, massage, touch) to decentralize patient stimulus that disturbs and focus on a subject not disruptive. this emergency intervention should provide a reduction in behavioral and psychological symptom of dementia (bpsd) of nursing home patients. the main objective is to measure its immediate effect on productive symptoms (agitation, aberrant motor behavior and disinhibition). the secondary objectives are to measure its immediate impact on the well-being and psychotropic treatments, and measure its effect after two months and after four months on all bpsd with a focus on agitation, the administration of psychotropic drugs, the hospitalizations and the number of falls.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * people ability to object and does not oppose either by themselves or through a trusted person referred to in article l. 1111-6 of the code of public health, failing thereof, by the family, or, if a person talking to the person close and stable ties. for adults under guardianship, permission must be given by the legal representative of the person. the research will benefit from the backing of persons protection committee (ppc) prior to its implementation; * man or woman over 60 years; * patient living in one of the nursing homes participating in the project; * patient completing the diagnostic criteria for major neurocognitive disorder according to diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders v criteria (dsm-v) * the patient must have at least one of these productive symptoms (agitation, aberrant motor behavior, disinhibition) listed by the npi-nh (score\> 2 at least one of these items) exclusion criteria: * deafness or blindness may compromise patient assessment or participation in the intervention

Keywords: dementia alzheimer disease behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia non-drug intervention
dose-response relationships for hemidiaphragmatic paresis following ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block

Conditions: Surgery of Right Upper Extremity

Summary: this clinical trial is for subjects undergoing right upper extremity surgery. the aim of the study is to investigate the dose-response relationship between local anesthetic volume and ipsilateral hemidiaphragmatic paresis (hdp) in patients getting ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks in a blinded, prospective trial.

with traditional landmark-based or nerve-stimulator techniques, the incidence of hdp following supraclavicular blocks is approximately 50-67%. ultrasound-guided techniques are thought to enhance precision while reducing the volume of anesthetic used, but even then hdp incidence is nearly 60%. to date, no trials have studied the dose-response relationship between local anesthetic volume and degree of hdp. patient selection 30 eligible patients undergoing right upper extremity surgery and eligible for supraclavicular blocks will be recruited at newyork-presbyterian/weill cornell medical center. evaluation of hdp baseline m-mode recordings of diaphragm function will be made by an anesthesiologist. patients will perform "voluntary sniff" (vs) tests, or forceful nasal inhales, immediately preceding the brachial plexus blockade, and again at 15 minutes and 30 minutes after the block. diaphragmatic excursion from baseline will be measured in centimeters; three measurements will be made and averaged. hemidiaphragmatic paresis will be defined as greater than or equal to 60% reduction in diaphragmatic excursion, no movement, or paradoxical movement in the vs test. evaluation of pulmonary function a bedside negative inspiratory force (nif) meter will be used to measure negative inspiratory force prior to the block and 30 minutes after the block. evaluation of supraclavicular block at the 15- and 30-minute marks, the investigators will assess sensory blockade and motor block in the axial, musculocutaneous, radial, median, and ulnar distributions. both will be judged on 3-point scales. the investigators will also apply a 0-10 point verbal rating scale to assess dyspnea at 30 minutes. oxygen saturation will be measured off of supplemental oxygen before the block and 30 minutes after the block. following the assessments, patients will have surgery using brachial plexus blockade as the primary anesthetic.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * undergoing right upper extremity surgery with supraclavicular block as the primary anesthetic * age greater than or equal to 18 years of age * american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status 1 to 3 * able to give informed consent exclusion criteria: * patient refusal for supraclavicular block * inability to give informed consent * allergy to local anesthetics * hemidiaphragmatic dysfunction, suspected or known pulmonary disease * neuromuscular disease * obstructive or restrictive pulmonary disease * medical or anatomic contraindication to supraclavicular blockade as judged by clinician * pregnancy
the analgesic efficacy of periarticular infiltration of local anaesthetic for total hip replacement

Conditions: Total Hip Arthroplasty

Summary: total hip replacement is a major surgical procedure usually associated with significant pain in the early postoperative period. in our hospital, total hip replacement is routinely performed under spinal anaesthesia with intrathecal bupivacaine local anaesthetic plus opioid in the form of preservative free morphine. the use of 'local infiltration analgesia' as an alternative postoperative analgesic technique has been investigated.in this technique the surgeon infiltrates the surgical site with a long-acting local anaesthetic and places a catheter under direct vision which remains in situ and is used to administer local anaesthetic in the postoperative period until such time as it is removed (when no longer deemed necessary for pain relief or at a pre-set time in the postoperative period e.g. 48 hours). we hypothesize that infiltration of the surgical site with peri- and intraarticular levobupivacaine local anaesthetic would be an efficacious pain management technique and would not be inferior to intrathecal morphine for postoperative pain management.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients scheduled for unilateral total hip replacement * consent to spinal anaesthesia * asa grade i to iii exclusion criteria: * patient refusal * mini-mental score \< 25 * allergy to bupivacaine, morphine, paracetamol, diclofenac * skin lesions/infection at site of injection * uncorrected renal dysfunction * coagulation disorders * chronic pain condition other than hip pain

Keywords: total hip arthroplasty total hip replacement local infiltration analgesia wound infusion patients undergoing total hip replacement (total hip arthroplasty)
serum soluble endoglin and matrix metalloproteinase 14 with elisa method in early/late-onset preeclampsia

Conditions: Preeclampsia

Summary: objective: defective placentation and inadequate trophoblastic invasion have an important place in the aetiology of preeclampsia (pre). trophoblasts invade the maternal decidua and remodel spiral arteries with matrix metalloproteinase-14 (mmp-14). to the best of our knowledge, studies of mmp-14 protein levels of pre patients' sera remain unpublished. this study aims to investigate the value of serum mmp-14 and soluble endoglin (s-eng) in pre patients and healthy controls. methods: the study was conducted with 30 late-onset preeclampsia patients (l-pre) as group1 (gestational age≥34 weeks), 33 patients with normal pregnancies as group2 (gestational age≥34 weeks), 31 early-onset preeclampsia patients (e-pre) as group3 (gestational age\<34 weeks), and 31 patients with normal pregnancies as group 4 (gestational age\<34 weeks). serum mmp-14 and s-eng levels measured by elisa were compared.

the study was conducted at cengiz gokcek women's and children's hospital, gaziantep, turkey at department of obstetrics and gynecology between date of january 2018 and december 2018. the study protocol was designed according to the declaration of helsinki, and the institutional ethical review board of gaziantep university approved the study (reference number: 2018/91). one hundred twenty-five women enrolled in the study in four groups. the investigators consecutively recruited 61 pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia, and 64 healthy pregnancies will select for the control group. all participiants gave their oral and written informed consent before their inclusion in the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * preeclampsia * healthy pregnancy exclusion criteria: * pregnant women with any systemic condition (such as chronic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, thyroid diseases, liver and kidney diseases) * women with a history of drug use throughout pregnancy * history of medication for pe treatment at the time of first admission * patients who had fetal congenital abnormalities or genetic syndromes * multiple gestations * active labour
intervention effect of yizhi baduanjin on patients with mild cognitive impairment

Conditions: Mild Cognitive Impairment

Summary: with mild cognitive impairment (mci) as the research object, the intervention effect of yizhi baduanjin on mild cognitive impairment was evaluated by using the montreal cognitive assessment (moca) scale, human-computer interactive electronic cognitive function score, multi-measure eeg data and other evaluation indicators, with the intervention measures of yizhi baduanjin created by the tai chi health center in the early stage. this project is based on the preliminary study, followed the principles and methods of clinical epidemiology and evidence-based medicine, and designed a prospective, randomized, single-blind, parallel controlled trial to make up for the deficiency of existing drugs in the intervention of mild cognitive impairment, and to provide evidence for the clinical and community promotion and application of effective and safe traditional chinese medicine non-pharmaceuticals in the prevention and treatment of mild cognitive impairment.

mild cognitive impairment（mci） is a critical state between normal aging and dementia, with its core symptom being age-related cognitive decline. this critical state provides a window of opportunity for preventing alzheimer's disease. at present, there is a lack of sufficient intervention methods to improve mci. yizhi baduanjin is an adaptation of traditional baduanjin, which is more suitable for middle-aged and elderly people to practice and optimize for improving cognitive function. previous observations and studies have provided some evidence to prove the beneficial effect of yizhi baduanjin on mci. this is a two-group prospective, randomized, assessor-blinded trial, planning to enroll 100 participants.they will randomly divided into two groups: the training group with 50 cases and the control group with 50 cases. the training group will receive intervention with the yizhi baduanjin, and various evaluation indicators will test before and 4、12、24 weeks after the intervention. the control group is a waiting control group, and after 24 weeks, they will continue to learn the yizhi baduanjin. the control group and the practice group will be tested simultaneously at four time points. finally, the intervention effect will be evaluated through inter group and intra group comparisons of test data. the main research purpose is to evaluate the clinical effect of yizhi baduanjin on mci.the secondary research objective is to explore the possible mechanism of yizhi baduanjin in improving mci.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjective symptoms include memory loss * moca score is less than 26 points * no disability, no communication barrier, and can complete the cognitive function test of human-computer interaction * agree to participate in the project and sign the informed consent form exclusion criteria: * alzheimer's patients * cognitive impairment caused by depression, cerebrovascular accident and other specific reasons * those who are unwilling or unable to take part in the yizhi baduanjin exercise

Keywords: mild cognitive impairment baduanjin
glaucoma drainage device and endothelial cell loss compare trial

Conditions: Glaucoma

Summary: glaucoma drainage device and endothelial cell loss compare trial (declare) is a multi-center, outcome-masked, randomized clinical trial. the purpose of this study is to compare glaucoma drainage device implantation in the anterior chamber (front part of the eye) and sulcus (small space between iris and front chamber of the eye) in efforts to minimize cell loss in the eye.

the declare trial is a prospective 1:1 randomized, parallel design, double-masked clinical trial to compare endothelial cell density (ecd), intraocular pressure (iop) and metagenomic rna deep sequencing (mds) between sulcus and anterior chamber (ac) tube placement after glaucoma drainage device (gdd) implantation. the trial has fixed sample size with 12 months follow-up for primary outcome assessment and trial participants will continue to be followed to the end of grant cycle with a total of 24 months follow-up. patients will be randomized to 2 tube locations for gdd implantation: * tube placed in the ac * tube placed in ciliary sulcus * stratification: by clinical center and type of surgery (gdd alone vs gdd combined with phacoemulsification). stratified randomization by clinical center is to ensure that a similar number of subjects will be randomized to either sulcus tube or ac tube placement for a specific clinical center. because eyes undergoing a combined phacoemulsification with gdd implantation may be associate with larger ecl from phacoemulsification, stratified by surgery type is to ensure two tube location groups similar number of study eyes that will undergo a combined phacoemulsification with gdd implantation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * medically uncontrolled glaucoma requiring gdd or gdd combined with phacoemulsification as the planned surgical procedure * candidate for gdd implantation for ciliary sulcus and ac tube * age greater than or equal to 18 years old exclusion criteria: * preexisting corneal condition that would affect the corneal endothelium or previous corneal transplant * previous gdd implantation or xen gel stent or placement of cypass micro-stent or preserflo microshunt * previous trabeculectomy and/or minimally invasive glaucoma surgery within the past 6 months * ac intraocular lens * presence of nanophthalmos, uncontrolled uveitis, silicone oil, sturge-weber syndrome or other conditions associated with elevated episcleral venous pressure * unwilling or unable to give consent, unwilling to accept randomization, or unable to return for scheduled protocol visits * no light perception vision in the study eye or fellow eye visual acuity \< 20/200 * need for glaucoma surgery combined with other ocular procedures (i.e. corneal transplant, or retinal surgery) or anticipated need for additional ocular surgery

Keywords: glaucoma glaucoma drainage device endothelial cell density endothelial cell loss intraocular pressure
impact of flumazenil on the emergence delirium

Conditions: Anesthesia, General

Summary: flumazenil rapidly antagonizes benzodiazepines (bzds); it may induce agitation, seizure, or delirium, especially when applied to patients who have taken bzds for a long time. on the contrary, it may help patients regain consciousness in a stable and calm state by appropriately reversing the central nervous system depressant effects of bzds. in this study, we aim to investigate the impact of flumazenil on the emergence delirium in patients anesthetized with remimazolam, the short-acting bzd drug.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients aged 19 years or older undergoing surgery under general anesthesia exclusion criteria: * peripheral nerve block or neuraxial block * uncontrolled hypertension (htn) (systolic blood pressure (sbp) ≥180 mmhg) * uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (dm) (hba1c ≥9.0%) * hepatic dysfunction (total bilirubin ≥3.0 mg/ml or liver enzyme ≥upper normal limit x 2.5) * renal dysfunction (estimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) \<30 ml/min/1.73m2 or dialysis) * moderate or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or respiratory failure * emergency * hepatectomy or liver transplantation * intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass (cpb) or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo) use * head trauma, increased intracranial pressure, craniotomy * chronic use of benzodiazepines (bzds) * anxiety, alcohol/drug dependence, addiction to tricyclic antidepressants (tcas) * allergic reaction to bzds, flumazenil, or other drugs used in general anesthesia * severe allergy or anaphylaxis history * lactose-related genetic disorders * myasthenia gravis or myasthenia gravis syndrome * myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular events within 6 months * symptomatic coronary artery disease * organic brain disease * cognitive impairment (inability to understand informed consent)

Keywords: remimazolam, flumazenil, emergence delirium, delirium