Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
sternocleidomastoid thickness in sarcopenia

Conditions: Sarcopenia

Summary: in order to prevent sarcopenia in intensive care patients and to guide nutritional therapy, evaluation of muscle thickness with ultrasonography is a modern, simple and non-invasive procedure routinely performed by anesthesiology and reanimation specialists. sarcopenia in intensive care patients has been demonstrated in many studies. it has been studied that routine examination of changes in rectus femoris muscle thickness by ultrasonography is a predictor of sarcopenia. however, the muscles in the neck region, such as the sternocleidomastoid muscle, which are easy to examine, have not been studied very well. there is no study in the literature with the sternocleidomastoid muscle. for this reason, we decided to examine the relationship of sternocleidomastoid muscle thickness with patient characteristics, treatments, feeding route and type, feeding time, length of stay in intensive care unit, as in routine measurements of rectus femoris muscle thickness by ultrasonography.

sarcopenia is an important clinical condition, characterized by a decrease in muscle mass and function that increases with age, especially in elderly patients. studies have shown that sarcopenic patients have higher morbidity and mortality rates than non-sarcopenic patients. along with the increased risk of muscle wasting in intensive care patients, there is an increase in both hospital mortality rates and the frequency of post-hospital mobilization problems. intensive care patients are a group of patients who are very prone to protein-energy malnutrition, and this leads to complications such as nosocomial infection and multiple organ failure, leading to prolongation of the stay in the intensive care unit, as well as an increase in morbidity and mortality. therefore, nutritional support is a routine requirement of intensive care treatment and has a vital role in the prevention and treatment of nutritional deficiencies in intensive care patients. the first point that should be evaluated in terms of the follow-up of a patient on whom nutritional support is maintained is to know for what reason, when, and what kind of treatment is planned in terms of quality and quantity. this is a starting point for monitoring. knowing the patient's clinical and laboratory values when nutritional therapy is initiated allows the evaluation of how these data have changed during follow-up. the purpose of assessment of nutritional status is to identify the type and degree of malnutrition in order to make a rational treatment approach. however, there is no test that is both sensitive and specific to determine malnutrition in intensive care patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who are expected to be followed up in the intensive care unit for at least 1 week * patients over 18 years old exclusion criteria: * patients under 18 years of age * head-neck, femur trauma patients * those with a diagnosis of primary neuromuscular disease * those who have a condition that prevents imaging in the body parts where ultrasonography is planned

Keywords: sarcopenia intensive care ultrasonography
hepatic metabolic changes in response to glucagon infusion

Conditions: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Total Pancreatectomy; Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: the objective of the study is to investigate how exogenously administered glucagon affects hepatic lipid, glucose and protein metabolism as well as appetite, food intake and resting energy expenditure.

most research has focused on the role of the pancreatic hormone, insulin, and insulin signalling (or lack of) in the development of nafld. however, increasing evidence suggest that the other major gluco-regulatory pancreatic hormone glucagon is also implicated in lipid metabolism and recent human data from studies investigating the effect of glucagon receptor antagonism suggest that glucagon signalling may be essential for maintaining a fat-free liver. this, combined with observations of increased degree of hepatic steatosis in patients after total pancreatectomy, who are devoid of pancreatic glucagon and typically are lean and peripherally insulin sensitive, suggests that glucagon may play a hitherto unrecognised role in the pathophysiology of nafld. the hypothesis of the study is that exogenously delivered glucagon will drive hepatic metabolism in a lipolytic direction and increase resting energy expenditure without affecting appetite and food intake. the acute effects of exogeneous glucagon infusion on hepatic lipid metabolism will be evaluated in patients after total pancreatectomy (no endogenous pancreatic hormones), in patients with type 1 diabetes (no endogenous insulin production) and in healthy controls (preserved endogenous pancreatic hormones).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: pancreatectomised patients * patients who have undergone total pancreatectomy * caucasian between 30-80 * blood haemoglobin \>7.0 mmol/l for males and \>6.5 mmol/l for females * informed consent patients with type 1 diabetes * patients with c-peptide negative type 1 diabetes * caucasian between 30-80 * blood haemoglobin \>7.0 mmol/l for males and \>6.5 mmol/l for females * informed consent healthy controls * normal fasting plasma glucose (\< 7 mmol/l) and normal hba1c (\< 6.5 %) (30,31) * normal blood haemoglobin (\>8.3 mmol/l for males and \>7.3 mmol/l for females) * caucasian between 30-80 * informed consent exclusion criteria: all subjects * inflammatory bowel disease * gastrointestinal resection (other than the gastro-duodenectomy performed in connection with total pancreatectomy) and/or ostomy * nephropathy (egfr \ 20 mg/l) * known liver disease (excluding non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) * severe lung disease * pregnancy and/or breastfeeding * uncontrolled hypertension and/or significant cardiovascular disease * treatment with drugs with potential steatogenic side-effects within three months prior to inclusion * alcohol consumption above 21 units/week for men and 14 units/week for women * any condition that the investigator feels would interfere with the safety of the trial participation or the safety of the subject.

Keywords: glucagon stable isotope energy expenditure lipid metabolism glucose metabolism appetite
ankle instability using foot intensive rehabilitation

Conditions: Ankle Injuries; Ankle Sprains

Summary: the overall objective of this study is to examine the effects of a 6-week foot-intensive rehabilitation (fire) program on lateral ankle sprain (las) re-injury rates, cai symptoms, sensorimotor function, and self-reported disability in cai patients.

lateral ankle sprains are one of the most common injuries sustained by the general population with the greatest rates in people who are physically active or service members. approximately 40% of lateral ankle sprain patients develop chronic ankle instability (cai) characterized by recurrent lateral ankle sprains, repetitive sensations of ankle "giving way", residual ankle sprain symptoms, and self-reported disability. factors related to the development and progression of cai has been thoroughly studied. however, few interventions have been developed which have successfully created long term reductions in re-injury rates, physical function, or health-related quality of life. recent work by our research team has uncovered several novel motor and sensory deficits in the foot in patients with cai. deficits in foot function may contribute to the high re-injury rates, deficits in balance and strength, and diminished health-related quality of life commonly experienced by individuals with cai. the investigators expect the additive effect of fire with components of the standard of care (balance training, strength training, and range of motion) will create the synergy needed to reduce future injuries (aim 1), enhance physical function (aim 2), and reduce self-reported disability in cai patients (aim 3).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. aged 18-44. 2. previous history of at least 1 ankle sprain and at least 2 episodes of "giving way" in the past 3 months. 3. participants must answer "yes" to at least 5 questions on the ankle instability instrument. 4. score of 11 or higher on the identification of functional ankle instability (idfai). 5. confirmed clinical presentation of cai by a pt, at, or md. exclusion criteria: 1. sustained an ankle sprain in the previous four weeks or lower extremity neuromusculoskeletal injury other than to the ankle in the last 12 months. 2. history of surgery to the lower extremity. 3. sustained a lower extremity fracture. 4. history of neurological disease, vestibular or visual disturbance or any other pathology that would impair their sensorimotor performance. 5. current participation in a formal ankle joint rehabilitation program. 6. sustained a concussion in the last 12 months. 7. exhibit clinical examination characteristics of foot and ankle function which are consistent with conditions other than cai (i.e. fracture, deformity).

Keywords: chronic ankle instability rehabilitation injury
the effect of an intervention based on implicit theories of personality on the prevention of adolescent dating violence

Conditions: Dating Violence

Summary: this study evaluates the efficacy of an intervention based on the implicit theories of personality (itp) to prevent dating violence in spanish adolescents. half of participants received the itp intervention, while the other half received an educational intervention.

intimate partner violence is a problem arising in adolescence, which causes severe suffering. since the first romantic relationships are established during adolescence, implementation of preventive interventions during this developmental stage opens a window of opportunity for the prevention of partner aggression. previous prevention programs have shown efficacy in modifying cognitions and attitudes related to dating violence, although behavioral changes have been reported in very few cases. recent innovative brief interventions based on changing entity theories of personality (i.e., the belief that people cannot change and personal characteristics are fixed; miu \& yeager, 2015) have provided good results for preventing depression and other behavioral problems in adolescents. therefore, the principal aim of this study is to examine whether a brief one-hour intervention based on promoting the idea that people can change shows efficacy in the prevention of perpetration and victimization of dating aggressive behaviors (both online -cyber dating abuse- and traditional -face-to-face dating aggression-) in adolescents. additionally, other objective of the project is to examine whether gender moderates the effects of the intervention in changes in dating violence. the study involves the evaluation of the intervention in a sample of around 400 adolescents (13-18 years), randomly allocated to experimental and control conditions. it is a field experiment conducted in high schools and involves multiple measures over time (self-reports and parent reports). in summary, the project aims to respond to the challenge of health and wellness in the population through a randomized controlled trial with multiple sources of measure and from a biopsychosocial perspective. the itp intervention has the potential to become a universal intervention to help reduce the rates of adolescent dating violence.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * informed consent by the adolescents and their parents. * to be fluent in spanish.

Keywords: adolescence prevention aggressive behavior dating violence
atracurium versus atracurium and magnesium sulphate as adjuvants to local anesthetic

Conditions: Peribulbar Anesthesia

Summary: to evaluate the effects of adding magnesium sulfate to atracurium with local anesthetic mixture on akinesia of globe and eyelid regarding onset and duration in cataract surgery using peribulbar technique

regional anesthesia is a preferred technique for ophthalmic surgery. it's safe, inexpensive and provides efficient ocular anesthesia for ophthalmic surgery. among regional blocks, peribulbar block is safe to retrobulbar block due to lesser incidence of series complications such as brain-stem anesthesia globe perfusion and retrobulbar hemorrhage . the effect of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers on peribulbar anesthesia has been described in many studies. according to these studies the use of atracurium as adjuvant to peribulbar anesthesia provides early onset of akinesia and improves the quality of anesthesia in absence of any adverse effect. magnesium sulphate is non-competitive n-methyl-d- aspartate (nmda) antagonism and calcium channel blocker. magnesium has endothelium derived nitric oxide induced vasodilation. it enhanced the activity of local anesthetic agent and improves the quality of anesthesia .

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients undergoing elective cataract surgery (phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation). patients aged 20-80 years. both sexes. asa physical status i\&ii. exclusion criteria: - refusal of the patient to participate in the study. any disorder of neuromuscular system known from history or clinical examination e.g., guillarian barre syndrome, myasthenia gravies and myopathies. patients are known to have a history of fits. patients on medication known to interact with neuromuscular blocking drugs as antipyretics (aminoglycosides and tetracyclines), antiarrhythmic (quinidine). local sepsis. coagulation abnormalities (inr\>1.4). high myopia with axial length more than 30 mm or less than 21. mentally retarded patients and failure of proper communication as in deafness. morbidly obese patients (bmi\>40). patients with glaucoma (increased iop\>20mmgh). patients with history of hypersensitivity to study drugs. very dense or very soft cataract .
impact of atrio-ventricular optimization with his bundle pacing on treatment of atrio-ventricular dromotropathy

Conditions: Atrioventricular Block; Atrioventricular Dyssynchrony

Summary: this study aims to determine the clinical and hemodynamic benefit of atrio-ventricular (av) resynchronization with his bundle pacing in patients with symptomatic first degree av block.

the term av dyssynchrony was introduced by salden f. and coauthors in 2018. it stands for the adverse effects of av dyssynchrony due to pr interval prolongation. according to the esc and acc guidelines, severe first degree av block is an iia indication for permanent pacemaker implantation, yet data on these patients' clinical outcomes are scarce. to independently determine the impact of av resynchronization, his bundle pacing will be used to avoid intraventricular desynchronization. symptomatic patients with severe first-degree av block and echocardiographically proven av dyssynchrony will be included in the study. all patients will receive a dual-chamber pacemaker with an atrial lead positioned in the right atrium and ventricular lead placed on the bundle of his. in a single-blind cross-over design, patients will be randomized to av sequential his bundle pacing with echo-guided av optimization or back-up vvi pacing mode. each study period will last for three months. at the end of both periods, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, complete echocardiographic study, and clinical evaluation will be performed. peak oxygen uptake and echocardiography-based hemodynamic parameters in both periods will be compared.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * first or second degree mobitz type 1 atrioventricular block with a pr interval \> 250 ms * left ventricular ejection fraction \> 50% * echocardiographic criteria of atrioventricular dyssynchrony (diastolic filling time/rr interval ratio \< 0,4 or fusion of e and a waves or diastolic mitral regurgitation) * symptoms on exertion (dyspnea, palpitations) * insufficient shortening of pr interval during exercise (pr interval \> 200 ms at heart rate of 100 beats per minute) exclusion criteria: * left ventricular ejection fraction \< 50% * third degree atrioventricular block * atrial fibrillation * sinus node disease * left bundle branch block * right bundle branch block * ventricular arrhythmia that indicates implantation of cardioverter defibrillator * consumption of drugs that influence atrioventricular conduction * active bacterial infection * inability to undergo cardiopulmonary exercise test * anaemia (haemoglobin concentration \< 100 g/l) * pregnancy

Keywords: av block his bundle pacing av dyssynchrony av optimization av dromotropathy first degree av block peak oxygen uptake
evaluation of snakebite cases in assiut governorate, egypt (prospective study)

Conditions: Snakebite Cases Evaluation Clinical and Laboratory

Summary: 1. study the sociodemographic profile of snakebite victims in assiut governorate. 2. portray the clinical profile of snakebite victims admitted to assiut university , el eman general hospital and assiut general hospital. 3. assess the predictors of severity and outcome of cases.

snake's envenomation is a serious socio-medical problem, which causes considerable mortality and morbidity, with approximately 125,000 deaths worldwide annually. there were 4.5 to 5.4 million bites every year, and of those figures, 40-50% had some clinical disability as a result. furthermore, the death from such an issue could go somewhere between 80,000 and 130,000 individuals each year. in the middle east and north africa, there are over 70,000 snakebites bites each year. there are many species of snakes, approximately 3,700 species of snakes worldwide only about 15% are venomous belong to the four large families including viperidae, colubridae, elapidae and atractaspidinae. two of these toxic species are widespread in egypt; the family viperidae and the family elapidae egyptian copra naja haje. snake venoms are complex mixtures consisting of enzymatic components e.g., proteolytic enzymes e.g., serine protease and metalloproteases (svmps), non-enzymatic components e.g., cysteine-rich secretory proteins (crisp), amines, lipids, nucleotides, and carbohydrates. venoms also contain inorganic cations that are presumed to function as cofactors and include sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium, and zinc. snake venoms are usually classified as hemotoxic or neurotoxic. snakes of the viperidae family have venom containing proteins that can disrupt the coagulation cascade, the hemostatic system and tissue integrity. in contrast, neurotoxic venoms, which are typical of the elapidae snakes, contain several toxins that primarily affect the peripheral nervous system, in particular the neuromuscular junction. depending on the species of snakes, manifestations can be localized symptoms of mild pain, progressive edema, ecchymosis, and tissue necrosis and generalized ones as spontaneous bleeding e.g., bleeding per gums, epistaxis, hematuria, vaginal bleeding, hematemesis, hematochezia, hemoptysis, hemolytic anemia and hemolytic jaundice with hemototoxic snake venom. in severe cases patients may develop acute renal, myocardial infarction, disseminated intravascular coagulation, or even death. ptosis, diplopia, dysphagia, trunk and limbs weakness, and respiratory paralysis which can lead to respiratory failure and apnea with neurotoxic snake venom.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients admitted with a reliable history of snakebite. * presence of fang marks and/or signs of local and systemic envenomation. exclusion criteria: * fake or uncertain snakebites. * patients with history of hematological disorders, liver diseases, renal diseases and anticoagulation therapy in the past week. * patients who are not willing to participate in the study.

Keywords: snakebite
nutrition protocol and premature infants' growth

Conditions: Premature Infants; Nutrition Deficiency Due to Insufficient Food; Growth Retardation

Summary: nutrition is a major issue for premature infants. inappropriate nutritional intake during the first weeks of life is responsible for postnatal growth restriction and adverse long-term outcomes. this study aimed at evaluating the impact of the introduction of an updated, standardized, nutrition protocol on very premature infants' growth and morbidity, and the care givers' compliance to the new protocol.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all surviving infants born between 26 and 32 weeks gestation in our level iii nicu exclusion criteria: * death * any congenital malformation
ranibizumab for the inhibition of neovascularization in the cornea following corneal transplant surgery

Conditions: Corneal Neovascularization

Summary: the primary purpose of this trial is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of ranibizumab given via subconjunctival injection in patients undergoing corneal transplantation.

as a secondary objective, this study also aims to establish the corneal and anterior chamber concentration of ranibizumab when delivered subconjunctivally at the limbus in patients undergoing corneal transplantation. the effects of ranibizumab on corneal epithelial healing will be examined following adjunctive use in corneal transplantation. finally, clinical characteristics including recurrent corneal neovascularization will be studied.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: subjects will be eligible if the following criteria are met: * ability to provide written informed consent and comply with study assessments for the full duration of the study * age \> 18 years * patient related considerations * all patients of both genders will be considered for enrollment. * disease related considerations * patients meeting accepted criteria for undergoing corneal transplantation will be considered if peripheral corneal neovascularization exists in 2 or more contiguous clock hours exclusion criteria: subjects who meet any of the following criteria will be excluded from this study: * pregnancy (positive pregnancy test) * women seeking to become pregnant * lactating women * prior enrollment in the study * prior glaucoma surgery in the region of the corneal neovascularization * any other condition that the investigator believes would pose a significant hazard to the subject if the investigational therapy were initiated * participation in another simultaneous medical investigation or trial

Keywords: corneal neovascularization ranibizumab corneal transplantation
timing of coc denudation and embryo quality

Conditions: Infertility, Female

Summary: the relation between the timing of coc denudation and oocyte /embryo quality is controversial. the aim of this study is to examine whether timing of denudation of sibling oocytes has any effect on embryo quality.

retrieved sibling cumulus-oocyte complexes (cocs) will be randomly divided into two groups, in the first group denudation will be in 30 minutes after oocyte retrieval, in second group denudation will take place after 2 hours of incubation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * coh with gnrh antagonist cycle * 5 or more oocytes collected exclusion criteria: * fewer than 4 oocytes after retrieval * previous history of total fertilization failure or oocyte maturation arrest * male partner requiring surgical sperm retrieval (mesa or tesa).

Keywords: embryo quality denudation ivf icsi