Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
comparison between unihemispheric and bihemispheric tcds in subacute ischemic stroke patients

Conditions: Stroke, Ischemic; Stroke, Acute; Stroke, Lacunar; Hemiparesis; Hemiplegia; Motor Activity; Spastic; Spasticity, Muscle; Hemiplegic Gait

Summary: this is a randomized clinical trial to study the effect of tdcs in participants with subacute ischemic stroke, the study participants will be randomly assigned into three groups; bihemispheric, unihemispheric and sham group.

despite the central origin of stroke affecting the primary motor cortex m1, majority of the rehabilitative techniques of physical therapy and occupational therapy practice depending peripheral methods for gaining motor functions. there is a great need to develop methods in order to improve the outcome of physical or medical rehabilitation and enhance long-term functional outcome. many researches' work over the past several years have inspected the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs) to promote the advantageous effect of neurological rehabilitation. the aim of this study is to compare between the effect of unihemispheric and bihemispheric tdcs on the motor outcome, and spasticity in sub-acute ischemic stroke patients. thirty sub-acute ischemic stroke patients participated in the study, randomly assigned to one of three groups-tdcs bihemispheric or unihemispheric or sham group. those patients had stroke in the last 3 months at maximum with nih stroke score less than 25. activadose tdcs (usa), the only fda cleared device available for tdcs used in the clinical study to deliver noninvasive brain stimulation, consisted of 20 minutes of 2 ma in each session for twelve sessions three sessions per week. all participants received physiotherapy and rehabilitation therapy was tailored to meet all patients' deficits, and lasted a total of 45 minutes per day, 3 days per week for four weeks.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * those patients had stroke in the last 3-6 months. * subcortical stroke of middle cerebral artery (mca), caused unilateral hemiplegia. * national institute of health stroke scale (nihss) motor deficits section with score 2 to 15. exclusion criteria: * patient with second onset of stroke or history of transient ischemic attack (tia) * metallic implant or heart pacemakers. * primary cerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhagic stroke. * seizure or epilepsy or history of epilepsy at the family. * intracranial abscess or brain tumor. * cardiovascular disease myocardial infarction, heart failure (unstable cardiac status). * atrial fibrillation or paroxysmal af in the last 30 days. * congenital heart diseases. * presence of any other neurological or psychiatric disorder. * cognitive/consciousness disorders. * oher conditions should be excluded (e.g. tumor, cancer, rheumatologic, lung disease related to infection, renal/ hepatic diseases, deep venous thrombosis and autoimmune diseases). * speech disorders (dysarthria \& aphasia). * nih stroke score above 25, will be excluded. * patients who underwent thrombolytic therapy or any vascular interventions.
european study of 3aps in mild to moderate alzheimer's disease patients

Conditions: Alzheimer's Disease

Summary: the purpose of this phase 3 study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 3aps as an add-on therapy to most standard medication for alzheimer's disease compared to placebo (inactive substance pill) in patients with mild to moderate alzheimer's disease.

* duration of treatment: 18 months * 3 treatment arms: placebo and 2 different doses of active drug.

Eligibility criteria:
recruitment of participants is performed only by study sites. inclusion criteria: participants must meet the following inclusion criteria to be eligible. * male or female (age 50 years and older): female must be of non-childbearing potential (i.e. surgically sterilized or at least 2 years post-menopausal). * diagnosis of probable alzheimer's disease based on the national institute of neurological and communicative disorders and stroke/alzheimer's disease and related disorders association (nincds-adrda criteria). * severity of dementia of mild to moderate degree as assessed by the mini mental state examination (mmse) performed at the screening visit. * patient must be living in the community with a reliable caregiver. participant living in an assisted living facility may be included if study medication intake is supervised and participant has a reliable caregiver. * potential participant must be treated with an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (donepezil, galantamine or rivastigmine) and must be on stable dose for at least 4 months prior to the screening visit and during the entire study period. * participants must not have taken memantine for at least 4 months prior to the commencement of screening. the use of memantine is prohibited during the course of the study. * fluency (oral and written) in the language in which the standardized tests will be administered. * signed informed consent from potential participant or legal representative and caregiver. exclusion criteria: patients will not be eligible to participate in the study if they meet any of the following criteria: * potential participant with any other cause of dementia. * life expectancy less than 2 years. * potential participant with a clinically significant and/or uncontrolled condition or other significant medical disease. * previous use of anti-amyloid or vaccine treatment for alzheimer's disease. * use of an investigational drug within 30 days prior to the screening visit or during the entire study. * previous exposure to 3aps. * inability to swallow pills.

Keywords: dementia alzheimer's disease
high intensity training in patients with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy

Conditions: FSHD - Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy

Summary: the investigators aim to investigate the effect of high-intensity training in patients with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. can patients benefit from this type of exercise without muscle damage.

clinical trials have in recent years demonstrated that aerobic exercise, are both effective and safe in patients with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. previous studies have tested exercise at moderate intensity. no studies have so far investigated whether high-intensity-training (hiit) exercise can increase fitness, or the training will cause muscle damage. however, we know that patients with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy do not get increased muscle damage after a single exercise at high intensity. investigators aim to investigate whether patients with facioscapulohumeral muscular disease may increase their fitness and improve their functioning in everyday life without muscle injury in a time-saving high intensity training. to investigate whether hiit is safe and effective, three groups of participants are included. two training groups, one group of patients and another with healthy matched subjects. the training is done on an ergometer-bike three times a week for 8 weeks. one weekly training will be supervised. the training consists of an interval training program (10-20-30). the third group is a none-training control group of patients. this group will undergo the same tests as the two training groups. to investigate wether participants would continue hiit training after 8 weeks of supervised training, the two training groups, one group of patients and one group of healthy matched subjects, are tested after additional 8 weeks of home based optional training. to investigate wether patients with muscular dystrophy facioscapulohumeral will perform unsupervised hiit training and whether it will be as effective as the supervised training, the control group of patients who did not train the first 8 weeks, is instructed to do home based hiit for 8 weeks.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy or * healthy matched control, matched for age, gender, bmi and activity level. exclusion criteria: * more than 1 hour cardiac exercise weekly before inclusion. * pregnant or breastfeeding women. * physical or mental condition, which could influence the results. * participating in other studies, which could influence the results. * physical or mental condition, which prevent participating in the study protocol.

Keywords: fshd hit training exercise 10-20-30 interval training
pharmacokinetics (pk) of antistaphylococcal antibiotics in infants (nichd-2012-02-staph trio)

Conditions: Systemic Infection

Summary: multiple center, open-label, pk study

pharmacokinetics of rifampin, ticarcillin-clavulanate, and clindamycin antibiotics in hospitalized infants with suspected systemic infection or receiving one of the study drugs per local standard of care. number of participants are 16-32 evaluable per each study drug of rifampin, ticarcillin-clavulanate, and clindamycin antibiotics.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * sufficient intravascular access * suspected systemic infection or receiving 1 of the study drugs per standard of care * informed consent from legal guardian exclusion criteria: * history of allergic reaction to study drugs * urine output \<0.5 ml/hr/kg over the prior 24 hours * serum creatinine \>1.7 mg/dl * any condition in investigator judgment precludes participation because it could affect participant safety

Keywords: staphylococcal
chronic kidney disease: determinants of progression and cardiovascular risk

Conditions: Chronic Kidney Diseases

Summary: chronic kidney disease has become an important public health issue in most developed and developing countries, with increasing incidence and prevalence rates. the cost associated with chronic kidney disease patients is very high, derived from renal replacement therapy and the cost associated with the high cardiovascular risk of this population. primary and secondary preventive measures are imperative. in this sense, the comprehension of mechanisms and biomarkers associated with ckd progression and mortality risk in this population is an important area of research. cohort studies are important tools for testing risk factors and biomarkers. currently, ckd cohorts, particularly of those not on dialysis, are few and restricted to north america and europe. the present study established a cohort of 454 ckd participants (not on dialysis) in sao paulo, brazil, who will be followed for 7-10 years. baseline data collection was wide, including medical history, diet (food frequency questionnaire), calcium score, echocardiography, pulse wave velocity, cardiac frequency variability, carotid intimal media thickness, retinography, and an extensive biobank. follow-up is ongoing and made through annual telephone interviews including questions on death, hospitalizations, and need of renal replacement therapy (rrt). vital status is investigated periodically by a hot-pursuit strategy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients attending the outpatient service of hospital das clínicas, são paulo, brazil. * ≥ 30 years. * at least two measurements of creatinine (with a minimum interval of 3 months) ≥ 1.6 mg/dl for men and ≥ 1.4 mg/ dl for women. exclusion criteria: * patients attending oncology, psychiatry, human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (hiv/aids), viral hepatitis and glomerulonephritis services were excluded. * hospitalization within the last six months; * acute myocardial infarction within the last six months; * autoimmune diseases; * current pregnancy; * psychiatric diseases; * ongoing chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapy; * current renal replacement therapy; * hiv/aids infection; * hepatitis b or c; * any organ transplantation.

Keywords: chronic kidney disease cardiovascular disease mortality end stage renal disease
an observational study of pain assessment and treatment adequacy of emergency cancer pain

Conditions: OBSERVE PAIN MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT

Summary: emergency cancer pain draws cancer patient to emergency department for treatment. however, there has been inconsistency and inadequacy of pain management in emergency department. this study observes the status of pain assessment and its adequacy in emergency department in a tertiary care cancer hospital.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult cancer patients reporting to emergency department with complaints of pain exclusion criteria: * 1.patients below 18 years of age, 2. patients with incoherent behaviour.

Keywords: emergency cancer pain, assessment, treatment adequacy.
deep brain stimulation and parkinson's disease

Conditions: Parkinson Disease

Summary: * background : deep brain stimulation of subthalamic nucleus (stn-dbs) is an effective treatment for a large variety of movement disorders. however, the efficacy of stn-dbs relies on unclear mechanisms. * purpose: in this study, using optical imaging, the investigators will evaluate the cortical hemodynamic changes induced by stn-dbs of parkinsonian patients during motor task and delay discounting task. the investigators will perform an optical imaging study using near-infrared spectroscopy (nirs) in a parkinsonian patient after stn-dbs. the investigators will measure bilateral local cortical hemodynamic changes under "on" and "off" stimulation conditions and during a motor task (left hand movement) and delay discounting task relative concentration changes of oxy-hb, deoxy-hb, and total hb will be continuously analyze. * primary outcome: study of local cortical hemodynamic change (oxy-hb, deoxy-hb, and total hb) under " on " and " off " stimulation during a motor task.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients presenting parkinson disease and treated by stn-dbs. * for comparison patients: patients treated by dbs in other target. exclusion criteria: * patients who cannot be treated by dbs

Keywords: near-infrared spectroscopy (nirs) deep brain stimulation of subthalamic nucleus (dbs)
detection of asymptomatic sars-cov2 infected patients by detection dogs: "proof of concept" study (covidetectiondog)-covid-19

Conditions: Infection by SARS-COV-2; Healthy Controls

Summary: the spread of the new sars-cov-2 virus has led to a pandemic. described for the first time in china at the end of 2019, it causes covid-19 disease. its characteristics in terms of contagiousness and lethality have led countries to adapt their screening and care strategies. early and accurate identification of people infected with sars-cov-2 is an essential measure to confront covid-19 pandemic. a key aspect of covid-19 is that diagnostic tests must be able to detect the virus in asymptomatic, pre-symptomatic and symptomatic patients. changes in human odor, as symptoms of specific diseases, have been observed. dogs have already been used to detect breast or lung cancer, diabetes, epilepsy or kidney disease with some success there is currently a growing body of research and previous work, though preliminary, indicating the possibility that dogs identify persons infected with sars-cov-2 compared to healthy persons. the purpose of this study is to determine whether trained detection dogs are able to identify asymptomatic patients infected by sars-cov-2. the investigators aim to validate the possibility to identify / discriminate patients with covid-19 according to their odor by a proof of concept (with specificity and sensitivity of the detection test), i.e. new non-invasive screening method using dogs odor detection capabilities.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged ≥ 18 years * having given free and informed written consent * being affiliated to the center national security system social * patients infected by sars-cov-2 with positive rt pcr on nasopharyngeal swab and without symptoms (fever, cough, anosmia, diarrhea) will be included in "experimental" group 1. * patients infected by sars cov 2 with positive rt pcr on nasopharyngeal swab and presenting at least one symptom will be included in group 2 "control". * participants not infected by sars-cov-2 with negative rt pcr on nasopharyngeal sample and showing no symptoms on day 0 and day 7 will be included in group 3 "healthy controls". exclusion criteria: - patient whose life expectancy is less than 3 months
ultra-high resolution ct: the end of stapes prosthesis measurement misestimation

Conditions: Otosclerosis

Summary: actual ct scanners overestimate stapes piston size, and do not represent a valuable technique for their follow-up, especially in case of complication. ultra-high resolution has not yet been evaluated in this setting.

modern temporal bone imaging systems, using 0.5 mm slice thickness, are reputed not yet able to depict the stapes piston position with a sufficient degree of accuracy, as high-resolution ct measurements consistently overestimated intravestibular piston dimensions (width by 44%, length by 6.25%) and vestibular intrusion (by 39%) because of metallic artifacts. . the exact limits of intravestibular depth are also unclear. the "safe" intravestibular prosthesis depth varies widely between studies and has been reported to range from 0.2 to 2.5 mm, so 39% may represent up to 0.9 mm of misestimation. ultra-high resolution ct (uhr-ct) has improved spatial resolution to 0.12 mm by using ultra-small detector elements (0.25 x 0.25 mm), allowing better visualization of temporal bone structures compared to high-resolution temporal bone ct (hr-ct). however, this technique has not been described for stapes prosthesis measurement.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - stapes prosthesis ultra-high resolution ct available exclusion criteria: no materiovigilance report available

Keywords: stapes titanium computed tomography
sublingual melatonin for anxiety and pain in elective gynecologic surgery

Conditions: Anxiety; Postoperative Pain; Anesthesia

Summary: this prospective randomized controlled study aims to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of preoperative sublingual melatonin and its impact on postoperative pain scores when administered in two different doses to female patients undergoing elective gynecological surgeries.

elective gynecological surgery plays a vital role in women's healthcare, addressing a wide range of medical conditions from benign disorders to oncological diseases. despite its importance, these procedures often lead to significant preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain, which can adversely affect patient recovery and satisfaction. the psychological impact is particularly prominent in gynecologic surgeries due to factors such as loss of fertility, body image concerns, and invasiveness of the procedures. the perioperative period is a time of heightened vulnerability, with anxiety potentially leading to physiological stress responses that may compromise surgical outcomes and increase morbidity. common sources of this anxiety include fear of anesthesia, postoperative pain, surgical failure, and loss of personal control. to address these concerns, various pharmacologic agents such as benzodiazepines, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and opioids have been used. however, these drugs may have limitations or side effects. recently, melatonin, a naturally occurring hormone involved in regulating the sleep-wake cycle, has been proposed as a promising alternative due to its anxiolytic and analgesic effects. it is considered safe, well-tolerated, and easy to administer. sublingual melatonin offers advantages such as rapid absorption and good bioavailability, making it a practical option for preoperative use. this study will explore the comparative efficacy of two different sublingual doses of melatonin on reducing anxiety and postoperative pain in women undergoing elective gynecologic surgery under general anesthesia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female patient scheduled for open elective gynecological surgeries (hysterectomy, ovarian cystectomy, myomectomy) * age 18-65 y * american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status (asa i -ii) exclusion criteria: * patients with a history of uncontrolled hypertension * ischemic heart disease * uncontrolled diabetes * bronchial asthma * psychiatric illness * sleep disorders * obesity (body mass index \>30 kg/m2) * patients taking antipsychotic, antidepressants, sedatives, anxiolytics, and anti-epileptic drugs. * pregnant and lactating females .

Keywords: melatonin sublingual melatonin hysterectomy ovarian cystectomy myomectomy anxiety reduction pain management premedication
efficacy of tenofovir and emtricitabine in arv-naive patients with hiv/hbv co-infection

Conditions: Hepatitis B Virus; HIV Infections

Summary: combination therapy with anti-hbv activity may both increase hbv suppression rates and reduce emergence of resistant strains. several new therapeutic agents are currently in development, however combination therapy trials in the hbv-infected population have only recently commenced. no such trials have been undertaken in the hiv/hbv co-infected population.

the primary study objective is to compare hbv dna suppression to levels below the limit of detection (\<400 copies/ml) by week 48 in each treatment group. virological and clinical anti-hbv efficacy of tenofovir and emtricitabine in antiretroviral naive patients with hiv/hbv co-infection.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * written informed consent * documented hiv infection (positive serology for hiv-1 and detectable hiv-1 rna) * age 18 - 70 years * hbv dna \> 106 copies/ml * hbsag positive for \> 6 months in case documented duration of hbsag seropositive is less than 6 months (this situation is most likely to occur in patients newly presenting to the hiv-outpatient clinic) the patient is eligible if the patient is: 1. hbsag positive and 2. hbc core igm antibody negative and 3. the liver biopsy gives evidence for a chronic active hepatitis. thus making it likely that this patient has acquired the hbv infection more than 6 months ago. * alt \< 10 x uln * creatinine \<= 2.0mg/dl * platelet count \>= 50,000/mm3 * hiv-1 therapy naive * no prior exposure to anti-hbv agents (lam, adefovir, tdf) although prior ifn treatment allowed exclusion criteria: * hcv-rna positive or anti-hav igm positive * acute hepatitis (serum alt \> 1000 u/l) * prior lam, tdf, or adv therapy * active opportunistic infection * other causes of chronic liver disease identified ( autoimmune hepatitis, haemochromatosis, wilsons disease, alfa-1-antitrypsin deficiency) * concurrent malignancy requiring cytotoxic chemotherapy * decompensated or child's c cirrhosis * alfa-fetoprotein (afp) \> 3x uln (unless negative ct scan or mri within 3 months of entry date) * pregnancy or lactation * any other condition which in the opinion of the investigator might interfere with compliance or outcome of the study

Keywords: tdf+ftc ftc hiv/hbv tdf compared to tdf+ftc in hiv/hbv treatment naive