Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
ai assisted reader evaluation in acute computed tomography (ct) head interpretation

Conditions: Intracranial Hemorrhages; Acute Ischemic Stroke; Hydrocephalus; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebral Edema; Cerebral Injury

Summary: this study has been added as a sub study to the simulation training for emergency department imaging 2 study (clinicaltrials.gov id nct05427838). the purpose of the study is to assess the impact of an artificial intelligence (ai) tool called qer 2.0 eu on the performance of readers, including general radiologists, emergency medicine clinicians, and radiographers, in interpreting non-contrast ct head scans. the study aims to evaluate the changes in accuracy, review time, and diagnostic confidence when using the ai tool. it also seeks to provide evidence on the diagnostic performance of the ai tool and its potential to improve efficiency and patient care in the context of the national health service (nhs). the study will use a dataset of 150 ct head scans, including both control cases and abnormal cases with specific abnormalities. the results of this study will inform larger follow-up studies in real-life emergency department (ed) settings.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * radiologists/radiographers/ed clinicians who review ct head scans as part of their clinical practice exclusion criteria: * neuroradiologists. * non-radiologist groups: clinicians with previous formal postgraduate ct reporting training * emergency medicine group: clinicians with previous career in radiology/neurosurgery to registrar level

Keywords: radiology head tomography emergency medicine radiographer artificial intelligence
influence of obesity on oxalate metabolism and handling in calcium oxalate stone formers

Conditions: Kidney Stone

Summary: the primary goals of this study are to determine the contribution of dietary oxalate absorption, renal oxalate handling, and endogenous oxalate synthesis to urinary oxalate excretion in normal body mass index (bmi) and obese calcium oxalate kidney stone formers.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * normal body mass index (≥ 18.5 to \< 25); obese body mass index (≥ 30 to ≤ 45) * able to provide informed consent * willingness to consume controlled diet * composition of most recent stone \> 50% calcium oxalate, no uric acid component * first time or recurrent calcium oxalate stone former * 24-hour urine collections with creatinine values within 20% of appropriate ratio of creatinine (mg)/body weight (kg) for gender, and with creatinine values that are consistent between collections (within 20% of each other) * willingness to stop supplements \[vitamins, ca (citrate or carbonate) and other minerals, herbal supplements, nutritional aids, probiotics\] for 14 days before start and during study * willingness to not undertake vigorous exercise during the controlled dietary study * normal fasting blood comprehensive metabolic panel * hemoglobin a1c \< 6.5% * no food allergies or intolerance to any of the food in study menus * permitted/willing to discontinue medications for kidney stone prevention, including thiazides, allopurinol, and febuxostat and citrate preparations, for 14 days before start and during the studies. they will be instructed to restart these medications at the conclusion of the study exclusion criteria: * diabetes * abnormal fasting comprehensive metabolic panel (cmp) * hemoglobin a1c (hba1c) result ≥ 6.5% * gout * estimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) \<60 ml/min/1.73m\^2 * primary hyperoxaluria * cystic fibrosis * cystinuria * uric acid stone former * utilization of immunosuppressive medication * nephrotic syndrome * enteric hyperoxaluria * gastrointestinal disorder that could impact oxalate transport * sarcoidosis * uncontrolled hypertension * renal tubular acidosis * primary hyperparathyroidism * liver disease * neurogenic bladder * urinary diversion * chronic diarrhea * bariatric surgery * active malignancy or treatment for malignancy within 12 months prior to screening * pregnancy * breast feeding/nursing * females of child bearing age who are not able to use an effective method of birth control during the study * mental/medical condition that is likely to impede successful study completion * illness including flu / common cold / fever 14 days before study and during study * diarrhea or other abnormal gastrointestinal event (e.g. abnormal bowel movements) 14 days before study or during study * antibiotic use within last 6 months (based on recommendations of the nih human microbiome project, protocol a) * inability or unwillingness to undergo mri

Keywords: oxalate kidney stone
g-eo gait rehabilitation training in progressive multiple sclerosis

Conditions: Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

Summary: the logistic advantages and advanced training capabilities of the g-eo system, as well as the benefits reported in other populations, support this strategy as a potentially potent rehabilitation tool for restoring and maintaining function in progressive multiple sclerosis (ms). this approach represents a paradigm shifting opportunity for improving current clinical practices for patients with progressive ms. if successful, this project will provide initial evidence for increasing patient access to the g-eo system, and this could be accomplished through "regional technology centers" using a rural health-delivery approach. there are several novel aspects of the proposed trial: (1) the examination of a novel gait rehabilitation stimulus (g-eo system) that could alter current clinical practices; (2) the focus on patients with progressive ms who have gait impairment (i.e., those who have received minimal research attention), which was recently described as the greatest therapeutic challenge facing the ms community; and (3) a study design that accounts for standard therapy. specific aims: the investigators designed a single-blinded, randomized pilot trial of electromechanically-assisted gait training using the g-eo system in patients with progressive ms with gait disability (edss=4.0-7.5). specific aim 1 will establish the safety and feasibility of gait training using the g-eo system. specific aim 2 will determine the efficacy of gait training using the g-eo system for improving mobility, symptomatic, quality of life, and participatory outcomes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18-64 years * confirmed diagnosis of primary or secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (this will be confirmed by the referring physician) * edss 4.0-7.522 * stable course of disease-modifying therapy over the past 6 months * asymptomatic (i.e., no underlying cardiovascular disease) * physician approval for exercise * willingness to visit the iu health neurosciences center for testing and training exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * current use of dalfampridine (ampyra®) * conventional physical therapy or g-eo training within the past 6 months * height \ 2m * body weight \>150 kg * contraindications to g-eo gait training (e.g., bone instability)

Keywords: robotics gait training
integrated microfluidic system for oral diagnostics

Conditions: Healthy; Periodontitis

Summary: this study is being conducted to test the ability and accuracy of a new instrument in the diagnosis of periodontitis (gum disease) by using fluids from the mouth. the diagnosis instrument will test two types of fluids, gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) and saliva. gcf is the fluid that accumulates between your teeth and gum tissue. the fluids will be collected in three ways: 1. direct gcf sampling 2. gcf rinse sampling and 3. whole saliva. a total of 100 adult patients will participate in this study. these subjects will be of two patient populations: 1) diseased population, with active gum disease; and 2) a low-risk disease population, with no active gum disease. patients will be seen 6 times over the course of the study over a period of approximately 12 months. at each visit the patient will undergo oral fluid collection, as previously described, and thorough examinations of the mouth, including the taking of measurements for study purposes. patients will also have radiographs taken at baseline, month 6, and end of study visits.

the ultimate goal of this investigation is to validate the ability of the prototype platform (miniaturized microfluidic device that can rapidly (within 15 minutes) measure small volumes of oral fluids (on the order of nanoliters of fluid) and identify biomarkers of disease such as mediators of inflammation (interleukins -1 and -6; c-reactive protein (crp), and a marker of bone resorption (ictp). this analysis will aid in the diagnosis of active periodontal (gum) disease as well as diseases involved in systemic inflammation (e.g., cardiovascular disease) or systemic bone loss (osteoporosis). this project will have two specific goals: 1. to validate the ability of the diagnostic to measure the designated mediators from oral fluids; and 2. determine the ability of the multiplexed format of mediator analysis to predict disease activity (future bone loss) in patients at high and low risk for disease. this proposed feasibility study will then aid in providing the impetus for sample size and other design requirements for larger, more expanded human clinical trial testing and subsequent technology transfer.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * must possess at least 20 teeth and not have received periodontal treatment or antibiotic-related therapy for medical or dental reasons 3 months prior to study inclusion. * low-risk inclusion: \ 4 mm, possess no radiographic bone loss, and \ 50% of the subjects above age 35 in order to exam low risk patients in other age strata (so as to decrease potential bias towards a younger population in the low risk cohort). * disease-susceptible inclusion: exhibit at least 4 sites with evidence of radiographic bone loss, mean attachment loss \> 3 mm, pocket depths (pd) \> 4 mm and bop. exclusion criteria: * long-term use of medications known to affect periodontal status such as anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids and aspirins) * history of metabolic bone diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or post-menopausal osteoporosis.

Keywords: periodontitis microfluidics saliva diagnostics
effect of elastic taping on stiffness of lumbar stabilizer muscles

Conditions: Low Back Pain

Summary: low back pain is a common health problem worldwide. epidemiological studies have shown that 70-80% of all people are affected at least once in their lifetime. although it is common, often the cause of the pain has not been determined and is called 'nonspecific low back pain. chronic low back pain ranks second among the most common pain complaints under the age of 45 in the industrial age of limited activity. organic pathology is not encountered in most musculoskeletal system pains. there are usually many underlying causes. the current literature offers a variety of treatment options, depending on the duration and severity of the symptoms of non-specific low back pain. these treatments include behavioral cognitive therapy, medication, electrophysical agents, manual therapy, and general exercises. looking at the literature, it has been observed that there are not many objective studies investigating the effect of elastic bandage application on muscle elasticity. 'shear wave elastography' is a method that quantitatively reveals the elasticity of tissues by measuring the speed of shear waves formed in the tissues through non-invasive high-frequency ultrasound waves. in recent studies, shear wave elastography has shown promising results in demonstrating the elasticity of peripheral nerves.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who diagnosed with non-specific low back pain * between the ages of 18-24 * patients who able to perform at least 40° of trunk flexion exclusion criteria: * patients who obese, pregnant, had specific low back pain * indication for surgery in the past 1 year * the trauma of lumbar region, and systemic inflammatory disease affecting this area * exercise and conventional physiotherapy in the last 6 months
pericapsular nerve group (peng) block versus supra-inguinal fascia iliaca compartment block for pain management after total hip arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial

Conditions: Total Hip Arthroplasty; Postoperative Pain

Summary: adequate pain control after total hip arthroplasty is crucial for early ambulation and patient satisfaction. the supra-inguinal fascia iliaca compartment block has been described as a promising technique for primary total hip arthroplasty. however, one of the concerns with supra-inguinal fascia iliaca compartment block is still the potential for quadriceps weakness that might delay ambulation. the pericapsular nerve group (peng) block has been recently introduced a new technique for blockade of the articular branches of the femoral, obturator and accessory obturator nerves. peng block is possible to provide sufficient analgesia and preserve lower limb muscle strength. the investigators will compare ultrasound-guided supra-inguinal fascia iliaca compartment block with peng block in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged 19 years old or older, with american society of anesthesiologists physical status 1-3 * scheduled for elective unilateral total hip arthroplasty exclusion criteria: * allergy or intolerance to any of the drugs used in the study * hepatic or renal insufficiency * opioid dependency * coagulopathy * pre-existing neurologic or anatomic deficits in the lower extremities * severe psychiatric illness
plasma sars-cov-2 rna levels in critically ill covid-19 patients

Conditions: COVID-19 Pneumonia; ARDS Due to Disease Caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2

Summary: retrospective, observationnal study. evaluation of the association between plasmatic sars-cov-2 rna and day 60 mortality in icu adult covid-19 patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age above 18 years * in icu hospitalization * covid-19 related pneumonia confirmed by pcr exclusion criteria: * plasmatic sars-cov-2 rna quantification not available * patient's refusal to participate
comparison of plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (pngal) level in de-resuscitation with furosemide group and control group

Conditions: Acute Kidney Injury Due to Sepsis

Summary: the impact of early de-resuscitation with furosemide on patients with sepsis-related acute kidney injury using pngal as the parameter of acute kidney injury.

sepsis-related acute kidney injury (saki) is a complication leading to morbidity and mortality in septic patients. some 50% of aki patients in the intensive care unit (icu) are sepsis patients, which is the highest cause of death in the icu. in sepsis, there is systemic inflammation that causes endothelial damage, which manifests in capillary leakage. fluid accumulation that has occurred since the patient came to the hospital due to a capillary leak in sepsis and is exacerbated by fluid resuscitation has a negative impact on the kidneys. therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of early de-resuscitation using furosemide on the incidence of aki in septic patients using pngal as a parameter of aki. this study used a double-blind, randomized clinical trial design. this study was conducted on septic patients with a cumulative balance of \>1500 ml/day and urine output of 0.8 cc/kg/hour in the icu of dr. cipto mangunkusumo national central public hospital in the july-december 2023 period. pngal levels were checked at the 0th and 48th hours of icu care. a total of 48 subjects were divided into 2 groups: 24 patients in the treatment group were given a continuous injection of furosemide at 2 mg/hour, and 24 patients in the control group were given a placebo injection at 2 mg/hour. the patient's condition will be followed after the icu stay for up to 28 days to record the need for renal replacement therapy and death.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * sepsis patients with a cumulative balance of \>1500 ml/day and urine output \<0.8 cc/kg/hour. exclusion criteria: * has undergone a kidney transplant procedure. * end-stage chronic kidney failure. * history of heart valve abnormalities. * congenital heart disease.

Keywords: de-resuscitation furosemide pngal saki
mr-evaluation of renal function-after-pancreas-transplantation

Conditions: Diabetes; Renal Failure; Pancreas Transplantation

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the beneficial effect of pancreas transplantation for long term kidney function in patients undergoing single-pancreas transplantation.

renal failure in patients who have performed a pancreas transplantation is a hazard for the outcome for these patients. the beneficial effect of pancreas transplantation for renal function is not clear. it is of major importance to early find patients who develops a decrease in renal function and start treatment early and closely monitor these patients in order to avoid further deteriorating renal function. in order to achieve this, there is a need for a easy, fast and sensitive method to evaluate renal function. in this study the investigators plan to use the non-invasive mr to evaluate changes in renal function.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with diabetes mellitus * patients undergoing a pancreas transplantation exclusion criteria: * patients undergoing a pancreas transplantation and a renal transplantation at the same time.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus pancreas renal failure transplantation
effects of mulligan mobilization with movement as compared to kaltenborn joint mobilization in the management of knee osteoarthritis

Conditions: Knee Osteoarthritis

Summary: this study is a randomised controlled trial and the purpose of this study is to determine the effects of mulligan mobilization with movement as compared to kaltenborn joint mobilization in the management of knee osteoarthritis." to determine the effects of mulligan mwm as compared to kaltenborn joint mobilization in terms of pain, function, range of motion and gait in persons with knee osteoarthritis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * individuals aged 40-70 years (osama et al, 2022) * having koa history of no less than 3 months * knee pain less than 8/10 on numeric pain rating scale (nprs). * radiological evidence of grade iii or less on kellgren classification * patients referred from rehab department exclusion criteria: * those with signs of serious pathology, such as malignancy, inflammatory disorder or infection. * history of trauma or fractures in lower extremity. * signs of lumbar radiculopathy or myelopathy. * history of knee surgery or replacement. * receiving intra-articular steroid therapy in the preceding two months.
preview php preferential hyperacuity perimeter for the detection of choroidal neovascularization

Conditions: Age Related Macular Degeneration

Summary: the primary objective of this study is to assess the ability of the preview php(study device)to detect newly diagnosed non-treated choroidal neovascularization (cnv)lesion associate with advanced age-related macular degeneration (amd) or myopia and differentiate them from intermediate amd or geographic atrophy (ga)or patients with high myopia with no cnv. this study secondary is to enhance notalvision normative database.

* the study is prospective, multi-center, comparative study. * a clinical trail with fda approval device (510k).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * newly diagnosed (up yo 2 months) cnv or intermediate amd * age \>50 for amd subjects * age \>18 for myopic subjects * va 20/160 or better in the study eye * mental and physical ability to performed a php test exclusion criteria: * evidence of macular disease other than amd or high myopia in the study eye. * previous surgical or laser treatment within the macular erea. * concurrent intraocular drug therapy (within 30 days). * present of any significant media opacity that preclude a clear veiw of the macula. * any non macular related ocular surgery performed within 3 months prior to the study. * cnv subjects inability to tolerate intravenous fluorscien angiography.

Keywords: amd
primary repair of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (oasis) by surgeons (pros study)

Conditions: Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury

Summary: third- or fourth-degree perineal tears, collectively known as obstetric anal sphincter injuries or oasis, may occur following a vaginal birth. oasis may have catastrophic consequences, including anal incontinence. satisfactory primary repair of oasis is prudent in reducing the risk of maternal morbidity. although obstetricians are typically involved in the acute repair of oasis, general surgeons may be called to assist in cases of severe anatomical disruption. the investigators have constructed a survey to explore the experience and current practice of emergency surgeons in relation to the repair of oasis. the investigators will gather information including their level of exposure, understanding of current guidelines and confidence in performing these repairs. this will help the investigators identify if further training is required and will enable them to put forward recommendations for future practice. the findings will be presented at conferences and meetings and published in journals.

to date, there is little consensus on who should perform the primary repair of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (oasis), with the royal college of obstetricians and gynaecologists (rcog) stating that the repair should be undertaken by a trained practitioner and that 'involvement of a colorectal surgeon will be dependent on local protocols, expertise and availability'. in cases of severe anatomical disruption, the on-call general surgeon may be summoned upon to assist with the repair. they may not be a colorectal surgeon, and if they are, they may not specialise in pelvic floor surgery. a previous survey of practice amongst uk obstetricians and coloproctologists identified a wide variation in experience, methods of repair, follow up and recommendations for future delivery. the aim of this study is to explore emergency surgeons' knowledge in relation to the acute repair of oasis and to compare this with current recommendations and best practice guidance. this, in turn, will help identify if further training is required. satisfactory repair of acute oasis is necessary for the following reasons: * it may reduce the risk of anal incontinence, a stigmatising condition which may have substantial impact on an individual's quality of life and day-to-day living. * by reducing the incidence of oasis-related anal incontinence, the financial burden associated with the management of this condition as well as the risk of litigation will also be reduced

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * registrar or above * cover an emergency on-call rota for general surgery * working in great britain and ireland exclusion criteria: * • senior house officers or foundation doctors * doctors who do not cover an emergency rota * doctors working abroad

Keywords: primary repair management emergency surgeons incontinence outcomes survey coloproctologists