Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
enhancement of a psychotherapeutic intervention through transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs)

Conditions: Psychiatric Disorder

Summary: transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs), is a neuromodulatory technique, that is safe, well-tolerated, easy to administer and fairly inexpensive. results from tdcs trials involving participants with several neuropsychiatric disorders, including major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and substance use disorder are encouraging. the clinical effects of tdcs are broad; the underlying condition, the areas stimulated together with the type and duration of stimulation are important factors. in patients with neuropsychiatric conditions, a reduction of symptoms, an enhancement of neurocognitive functions together with an overall improvement in functionality and wellbeing have been consistently reported. these effects emerge during the stimulation period, in the weeks after stimulation, the effects seem to peak and consolidate further. tdcs appears to enhance the effects of other interventions as well; however, to date, there have been no studies into the effects of using tdcs as an add-on intervention to psychotherapy on symptoms and wellbeing


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants are competent to give informed consent, as determined by the referring physician or psychiatrist. * german language proficiency as a native speaker or level b1 * a psychiatric diagnosis according to icd-10; * three or more psychiatric hospitalizations in the past 12 months; or * a cumulative length of stay over 40 days; or * referral for further treatment to our treatment unit. exclusion criteria: * concomitant group psychotherapeutic intervention. * current neurological disorder. * current cardiovascular disorder. * current respiratory disorder. * current substance use or withdrawal. * epilepsy.

Keywords: brain stimulation, tdcs, psychotherapy, psychiatric disorder
the ecological role of yeasts in the human gut

Conditions: Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Gastrointestinal Disease

Summary: irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) and inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) (categorised into crohn's disease (cd) and ulcerative colitis (uc)) are chronic gut disorders with debilitating symptoms that profoundly impact quality of life, healthcare systems and the economy through lost work days. ibs is common with a prevalence of up to 22%, whereas ibd has a prevalence of 0.3% for cd and 0.5% for uc in europe. despite a suggested immunological and genetic aspect of ibd, the causes of ibs and ibd are unknown, however, both have been linked to yeasts in the gut. due to their lower abundance (constituting only around 0.1% of the total microorganisms in the gut) yeasts have been less studied than bacteria. more recently, significantly altered diversity and composition of yeasts have been identified in ibs and ibd but further investigation is required to fully develop the role of yeasts in the gut. this observational study will assess yeasts and their function in the gut, comparing diseased subjects with healthy controls. the overall aim is to determine if yeasts could be targeted as a potential therapeutic for ibs and ibd to provide relief to sufferers as well as reducing the burden on healthcare systems.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 20-60 years old. * either healthy or diagnosed with a gut disorder: irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) or inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) which may include crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. * in good general health. * provided written informed consent and willing to participate in this study. exclusion criteria: * received antibiotics in the previous six months. * consume prebiotics or probiotics on a regular basis (at least 3 times per week) in the last 2 weeks or intend to throughout the course of the study. (examples of these include: multibionta multivitamins, danone actimel yoghurt drink; danone activia yoghurt; yakult fermented milk drink; kellogg's rice krispies multigrain and muller vitality yoghurts/drinks). * current use of immunosuppressive drugs. * use of other medication which affects gastrointestinal motility and/or gut discomfort. * history of alcohol or drug misuse.

Keywords: yeast mycology gut microbiota gastrointestinal disorders
fractional laser versus radiofrequency in androgenetic alopecia

Conditions: Androgenic Alopecia

Summary: patients with androgenetic alopecia will be randomized into 2 groups; group fco2 receiving fractional co2 or group frf receiving fractional microneedling radiofrequency.

group fco2 will be to receiving fractional co2 to one randomized side of the scalp, and group frf will be receiving fractional microneedling radiofrequency to one randomized side of the scalp. all patients will receive 4 sessions with 4-week intervals.each session will be followed by immediate topical application of 6 puffs (=1 ml) of minoxidil 5% solution twice daily and also in between the sessions and during follow up period

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * • both genders are included. * patients above 18 years old. exclusion criteria: * • patients with patchy hair loss. * patients with telogen effluvium or diffuse alopecia areata. * patients with cicatricial alopecias. * patients with associated inflammatory scalp disorders such as psoriasis or seborrheic dermatitis. * patients with collagen vascular disorders. * prior use of topical steroids on scalp in the previous 2 weeks. * prior use of systemic steroids in the previous 1 month.
multimodal neurobiological approaches to explore the gene-environment interactions in adhd

Conditions: Monoamine Transporter Genes; Environmental Factors

Summary: previous studies have demonstrated significant associations of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) with monoamine transporter genes, including dopamine transporter gene (dat1), norepinephrine transporter gene (slc6a2), and serotonin transporter gene (slc6a4) as well as the important role of environmental factors in the pathogenesis of adhd. hence, investigating how genes and environments interact with each other may contribute to the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of adhd. in this 3-year project, investigators will explore the complex gene-environment interplay in adhd with multimodal neurobiological approaches, including neuropsychology, neuroimaging, and metabolites, in order to identify the crucial pathophysiological pathways from genes to the brain.

in the present project, investigators aim to explore the complex gene-environment interplay in children with adhd to identify the crucial pathophysiological pathways from genes to the brain. to achieve our objective, investigators will use multimodal neurobiological approaches to effectively resolve the four major challenges in exploring gene-environment interactions on adhd. 1. investigators will use multiple levels of neurobiological approaches to identify the interactions between monoamine transporter genes and environment on adhd, including neuropsychology, neuroimaging, and neuroactive metabolites in plasma, which will provide larger effects than clinical diagnosis. 2. investigators will employ correlation analyses to test for the presence of correlations between the monoamine transporter genotypes and the environmental factors. 3. investigators will use both categorical (diagnosis of adhd) and dimensional (inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms of adhd) approaches to assess the interaction effects between monoamine transporter genes and environment. 4. investigators will conduct interactions with ageitems to model more accurately the effects of age, which may be non-linearly related to the neurobiological basis of adhd.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children or adolescents, between 7 and 16 years of age, must have clinical diagnosis of adhd according to the dsm-5 diagnostic criteria. * they have to be medication-naïve. they never receive any medication for the treatment of adhd. * they and their parents must understand sufficiently to communicate properly with the investigators. * they must have a full-scale intelligence quotient(fiq) score greater than 80. exclusion criteria: * they have a major psychiatric comorbid disorder, including schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, affective disorders, or autism spectrum disorder. * they have a past history of seizure, or they are taking antiepileptic drugs. * they have a past history of substance dependence or abuse, including nicotine, alcohol, amphetamine, or any over-the-counter medication. * they have a past history of major systemic disease. * they are using chinese herbs or health supplements.
effects of neurofeedback training on attentional deficits in patients with acquired brain injury

Conditions: Brain Injuries; Attention Disorder

Summary: the goal of this study is to investigate new neuromodulation therapies for attention deficits following acquired brain injury. brain damage can affect various domains, including motor and cognitive functions. however, cognitive deficits have many consequences on the functionality and independence of patients, and attention is an essential requirement for most of daily activities. after brain damage, cognitive rehabilitation is generally the first treatment option for attention deficits. some studies have shown that cognitive rehabilitation is sometimes not very effective. for this reason, new therapies such as neuromodulation techniques are being investigated. neurofeedback is a non-invasive neuromodulation therapy involving a type of computer-based training and learning, and some studies have shown that it is a promising tool to treat cognitive deficits in patients with brain injuries. in the present study, the investigators will evaluate the effects of neurofeedback as a therapy for attentional deficits after brain injury. participants undergoing neurofeedback and cognitive therapy will be compared to participants only receiving cognitive therapy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ≥18 years old * abi resulting from tbi, stroke, hypoxia and other etiologies * attentional deficits that are among the objectives of neurorehabilitation as established by the clinical team (scores falling in the 90% percentiles on the conner's continuous performance - ccpt, on the digit and spatial span tasks and color trail test) * good cognitive condition (ie., scores of ≥23 in the mini mental state examination * mmse or ≥75 in the galveston orientation \& amnesia test - goat) exclusion criteria: * previous report of psychiatric and/or neurologic disorders * contraindication to computerized activities * blindness or severe visual impairments

Keywords: neurofeedback brain injury attentional deficits neuromodulation neurorehabilitation
interest of renal elastography in children as a diagnostic tool of renal fibrosis: confrontation to histological features of renal biopsies

Conditions: RENAL FIBROSIS

Summary: elastography is a emerging imaging technique that has demonstrated high reliability in the assessment of tissues stiffness and quantification of fibrosis particularly in adult's livers. this ultrasound exploration has no secondary effects. there is no study published in the pediatric population concerning the role of ultrasound elastrography in kidney. the aim of this study is to look for a correlation between the elastography's results and the kidney fibrosis on children who have to undergo a renal biopsy. elastography may play a potential diagnostic and/or prognostic role in the management of these patients which would limit invasive biopsy procedures.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male children or feminine from 5 to 18 years old to whom is indicated a renal biopsy by the néphrologue paediatrician whatever is the initial pathology, whatever are one or several current or previous treatments and whatever is their associated comorbidity exclusion criteria: * children of less than 5 years old or more than 18 years * children for whom a draining renal biopsy is not or more indicated by néphrologues * refusal or withdrawal of the consent lit by the holders of the exercise of the parental authority or by the child if he is capable of receiving the information * contraindication in the realization of a draining renal biopsy (current infection, disorder of the coagulation.)
metabolic control before and after supplementation with lactobacillus reuteri dsm 17938 in type 2 diabetes patients

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes; Insulin Resistance

Summary: recent data suggest that the trillions of bacteria in the investigators gastrointestinal tracts (gut microbiota) can function as an environmental factor that modulates the amount of body fat. obese individuals have an altered gut microbiota and germ-free mice are resistant to developing diet-induced obesity and have lower fasting insulin and glucose and improved glucose tolerance. administration of the probiotic bacterium lactobacillus strain in fermented milk for 12 weeks reduced adiposity and body weight in obese adults, possibly by reducing lipid absorption and inflammatory status. however, there are no studies to the investigators knowledge that address whether probiotic supplementation improves glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * type 2 diabetes with a duration \> 6 months * abdominal obesity * hba1c 50-80 mmol/mol * written informed consent * stated availability throughout the study period exclusion criteria: * autoimmune diabetes eg type 1 diabetes * psychiatric illness or cancer diagnosis * no foreseeable need of treatment with corticosteroids or antibiotics * inflammatory bowel disease * administration of antibiotics 4 weeks before inclusion * administration of probiotics 2 weeks before inclusion * participation in other clinical trials

Keywords: lactobacillus gut microbiota diabetes mellitus
feasibility of identifying brain mechanisms of qigong and behavioral outcomes after qigong practice in people with chronic low back pain

Conditions: Low Back Pain

Summary: the long-term objective of this investigation is to identify how qigong affects brain function in brain areas relevant to patients with chronic low back pain (clbp), thereby setting a foundation from which to perform further clinical research.

the central hypothesis of this investigation is that, in adults with clbp, practicing qigong compared to exercise will result in reduced pain and improved body awareness and proprioception (primary behavioral endpoints), disability, balance, core muscle strength, and other clbp symptoms will be secondary behavioral endpoints.to test this hypothesis, the investigators will assess (1) participant recruitment and retention ; (2) adherence to interventions, engagement/satisfaction with the program; and (3) changes in body awareness-related brain activation and connectivity pre-post intervention (qigong vs exercise) related to primary endpoints of pain perception, body awareness and objective measures of lower limb proprioception.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - adults with chronic low back pain exclusion criteria: * those with cognitive problems * those unable to speak or understand instructions * those who have nerve problems, fractures, or infections * those who do not speak english * those with severe deficit in motor imagery or in vision (both are used in mri tasks)
core stability training in multiple sclerosis

Conditions: Multiple Sclerosis

Summary: the primary purpose of this study is to determine whether a 12 week pilates based core stability training programme is effective in improving balance, mobility and balance confidence in ambulant individuals with multiple sclerosis (ms).

the primary purpose of this study is to determine whether a 12 week pilates based core stability training programme is effective in improving balance, mobility and balance confidence in ambulant individuals with multiple sclerosis (ms). the secondary aim is to determine the relative effectiveness of this 12 week pilates based core stability training programme compared to a standardised physiotherapy exercise programme. finally we intend to explore the underlying mechanisms of change associated with these exercise interventions by directly measuring changes in muscle thickness and activation in the deep abdominal core stabilising muscles of a sub-set of participants.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * definite diagnosis of ms, according to mcdonald's criteria * aged 18 years or over * able to walk independently with or without use of intermittent or constant unilateral assistance such as walking stick or orthotic brace exclusion criteria: * in relapse or relapse in previous three months * any medical condition contra-indicating participation in core stability exercises * score \< 6 on the abbreviated mental test, as an indicator of those whose cognitive difficulties could interfere with the informed consent process, or the ability to fully engage in the exercise programme. * current or recent (within past 6 months) participation in core stability exercises * current involvement in another interventional research study

Keywords: multiple sclerosis mobility balance core stability physiotherapy
kinesia homeview - home diary comparison

Conditions: Parkinson's Disease

Summary: the objective is to compare the sensitivity and test-retest reliability of kinesia homeview to electronic and hand-written diaries for tracking medication state in the home. demonstrating comparable or superior results will further support use of the kinesia homeview system as an outcome measure in clinical drug trials.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical diagnosis of parkinson's disease * on a stable antiparkinsonian medication regimen that includes levodopa for at least 4 weeks * experiencing dyskinesia more than 25% of the waking day (score ≥ 2 on unified parkinson's disease rating scale item 32) * with dyskinesias at least moderately disabling (score ≥ 2 on unified parkinson's disease rating scale item 33) * capable of accurately completing diaries * capable of accurately using kinesia homeview exclusion criteria: * significant medical or psychiatric illness * subjects not capable of following the required clinical instructions * serious medical conditions that would compromise safety

Keywords: parkinson's disease dyskinesia fluctuations tremor bradykinesia levodopa
regional versus systemic chemotherapy in the treatment of unresectable pancreatic cancer

Conditions: Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer

Summary: systemic chemotherapy with cytotoxic drug is of limited effectiveness in advanced pancreatic cancer patients. gemcitabine has been used as the first-line drug for advance pancreatic cancer for over two decades and combinations of gemcitabine with different chemotherapeutic drugs have been investigated to improve the outcomes of pancreatic cancer. however, no substantial improvement in patient survival has been achieved. locoregional chemotherapy via intra-arterial perfusion or chemoemoblization takes advantage of the increasing local drug concentrations and reducing systemic toxicities. in this study, the investigators hypothesis that artery infusion chemotherapy had a better antitumor effect than systemic chemotherapy. the investigators will analyze and evaluate the effect and safety of an implanted percutaneous left subclavian artery port-catheter drug delivery system for regional chemotherapy of inoperable pancreatic carcinoma.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * signed written informed consent * karnofsky score \> 60, * expected survival \> 3 months, * liver, kidney function and routine blood test within normal range * no serious cardiopulmonary dysfunction * no acute infection exclusion criteria: * pregnant or lactating women * uncontrolled internal diseases * past or the presence of other malignancy * those who had received immunosuppressive therapy

Keywords: pancreatic cancer intra-arterial infusion gemcitabine
cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (cbti) in patients with mental illness

Conditions: Insomnia; Insomnia Chronic; Insomnia Due to Mental Disorder; Insomnia, Psychophysiological; Sleep Disorder; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Sleep Disturbance; Mental Illness; Psychological Disorder; Depression, Anxiety

Summary: insomnia is common in patients with co-morbid mental illness and sleeping difficulties is a frequent complaint in most psychological disorders. mental illness may cause sleep problems, however, sleep problems like insomnia, may also cause or exacerbate mental illness. insomnia may aggravate symptoms of depression, anxiety and fatigue, and reduce daily functioning in patients with co-morbid insomnia and mental illness. this project aims to evaluate a course offered to patients with insomnia and mental illness at diakonhjemmet hospital. the course is based on cognitive behavioral therapy, a documented treatment for insomnia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men and women over 18 years with insomnia and co-morbid mental illness. * is a patient and receiving treatment for mental illness at department of psychiatry, diakonhjemmet hospital, at time of referral to the course exclusion criteria: * unable to provide informed consent * unable to read and/or understand norwegian * unable to complete a survey * severe mental disorder, e.g. schizophrenia and bipolar disorder type i * mental retardation or dementia * known substance abuse * other sleep disorder, e.g. narcolepsy and hypersomnia

Keywords: insomnia insomnia and co-morbid mental illness cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia cbti
treatment of rem sleep behavior disorder (rbd) with sodium oxybate

Conditions: REM Sleep Behavior Disorder; Parkinson Disease

Summary: this study is the first clinical trial using sodium oxybate for the treatment of rem sleep behavior disorder (rbd). sodium oxybate is a drug approved by fda for the treatment of narcolepsy which has been used "off label" to treat patients with severe rbd. this drug has shown to be effective and well tolerated in patients with rbd (shneerson, 2009; liebenthal, 2016; moghadam, 2017).

rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (rbd) is a condition resulting in violent dream-enactment during sleep which affects millions of individuals in the united states, however therapies for rbd are limited and cause significant side effects. as a result, despite using a combination of drugs, a large number of patients with rbd continue to act out violent dreams causing severe self-injuries or injuries to their bed partners. prior studies and our experience have shown that sodium oxybate can be effective in these cases of treatment-resistant rbd. this study would therefore evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of sodium oxybate in this patient population. this study is an 8-week trial comparing sodium oxybate versus placebo randomly assigned to patients with treatment-resistant rbd, i.e. individuals who have insufficiently responded or tolerated melatonin and clonazepam. the study uses a double-blind design (participants, staff, and investigators will not know which drug between active drug and placebo is given to participants), and will measure treatment efficacy based on patients, partners and clinicians report, and objective outcomes based on in-home actigraphy and in-lab polysomnography before and after intervention.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 40-85 years old * with or without parkinson's disease * experiencing rbd episodes on average at least 2x/week or 8x/month * able to report rbd episodes themselves or via a partner witness exclusion criteria: * history of falls during ambulation in the last 6 months despite adequate neurologic treatment * requirement of an ambulatory device at home * inadequately treated symptomatic orthostatic hypotension * bmi \> 35 * untreated or uncontrolled osa (4%ahi\>15) * cognitive impairment resulting in inability to comply with treatment instructions * pregnancy

Keywords: sodium oxybate