Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
the effect of abdominal massage and warm application on excretory activity in patients undergoing total knee replacement with spinal anesthesia

Conditions: Total Knee Replacement

Summary: the aim of this study was to determine the effect of abdominal massage and warm application on the excretory activity (time of first bowel sounds, defecation time and the amount of laxative used until discharge) after total knee replacement surgery performed with spinal anesthesia.

abdominal massage and hot application will be applied to the patients at least 30 minutes after the morning and evening meals (08:30 am, 20:30 pm) for 15 minutes each, similar to the literature. the hot application will be applied to the abdominal area with a hot water thermophore for 15 minutes before the abdominal massage. after the hot application, abdominal massage will be started. in the abdominal massage, which will be applied clockwise to stimulate bowel movements, four basic movements will be used: superficial exertion, deep exertion, petrisage and vibration. abdominal massage will be applied to the patients in accordance with the abdominal massage application checklist created by the researcher in line with the literature. warm application and abdominal massage will be applied to the study group from the first evening of the total knee replacement procedure, and the application will continue in the morning and evening hours until the first defecation. after the application, bowel sounds will be listened to in accordance with the application steps. in the control group, bowel sounds will be listened to at times corresponding to the hours of hot application and abdominal massage, daily laxative use will be determined and recorded in the excretory activity form.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * written and verbal permission was obtained to participate in the study, * 18 years of age or older, * conscious, oriented and cooperative, * speaks and understands turkish, * total knee replacement with spinal anesthesia planned, * no condition in which abdominal massage is contraindicated (inflammatory bowel disease, presence of abdominal tumors, surgical intervention or radiotherapy to the abdominal area, presence or suspicion of ileus, and pregnancy), * no physician-diagnosed chronic constipation, * mobilized, * patients who do not have problems with transition to oral feeding and can be fed orally will be included. exclusion criteria: * written and verbal permission to participate in the research could not be obtained, * under 18 years of age, * unconscious, disoriented and uncooperative, * can speak turkish but cannot understand it, * total knee replacement with general anesthesia planned, * any condition in which abdominal massage is contraindicated (inflammatory bowel disease, presence of abdominal tumors, surgical intervention or radiotherapy to the abdominal area, presence or suspicion of ileus, and pregnancy), * physician-diagnosed chronic constipation, * non-mobilized, * patients who have problems with transition to oral feeding and who cannot be fed orally will not be included.

Keywords: heat application constipation intestinal motility spinal anesthesia
population effectiveness of dolutegravir implementation in sub-saharan africa

Conditions: HIV-1-infection

Summary: this is a prospective observational cohort study enrolling participants in south africa and uganda who are prescribed an hiv treatment regimen containing lamivudine, tenofovir, and dolutegravir, which is known as tld. we hope to better understand how effective tld will be in sub-saharan africa. if treatment failure occurs, we seek to understand the possible reasons, including drug resistance and adherence challenges.

this study is a prospective observational cohort study at three government-supported hiv clinics in rural south africa and uganda. we will enroll 1,000 adults living with hiv who are switched from first-line antiretroviral therapy (art) containing non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (nnrtis) to tld. we will follow participants for one year with study visits at enrollment, 24 weeks, and 48 weeks. study procedures include interviews, body measurements, chart review, and collection of blood and urine specimens for retrospective testing, including viral load, drug resistance testing, antiretroviral drug level testing, and tests to evaluate the effects of tld on renal, liver, metabolic, and other organ function. aim 1: to determine the contributions of resistance prior to switch to tld from a nnrti-based regimen to risk of treatment failure after six and twelve months on tld. hypothesis: people living with hiv who experience virologic failure on tld will have increased odds of nrti mutations prior to tld exposure, compared to controls with virologic suppression. aim 2: explore pharmacologic measures of adherence to distinguish virologic failure on tld due to suboptimal adherence versus resistance using 2a) urine tenofovir (tfv) levels and 2b) tenofovir diphosphate (tfv-dp) in dried blood spots (dbs). hypothesis: absence of tfv in urine and tfv-dp concentrations in dbs will distinguish art failure with versus without resistance.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥18 years * hiv-positive and in care at one of the study clinics * current use of nnrti-based, first-line art for a minimum of 6 months * prescribed change to tld by clinic staff * residing within 100 kilometers of the treatment clinic without plans to change permanent residence in the next 48 weeks * consents to participation exclusion criteria: there are no specific exclusion criteria. both men and women will be theoretically eligible. we note that decision to use tld in patients at the recruitment clinic will be made by clinic staff, and referral for study procedures will not be made until after this decision is made. we also note that, as of the time of this protocol draft, tld use might be limited to men, women of non-child bearing ages, and women confirmed to be on contraception. this study will follow both national guidelines and clinician discretion about use of tld in the clinic population.

Keywords: hiv integrase inhibitors sub-saharan africa anti-hiv agents medication adherence virologic failure viral drug resistance south africa uganda hiv-1
tryptophan, serotonin and kynurenine in septic shock

Conditions: Shock, Septic

Summary: septic shock is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. serotonin (5-ht) is released by activated platelets into the circulation, and is mediator of endothelial dysfunction. 5-ht metabolism is known in immune system via specific 5-ht receptor, also in effects on the peripheral nervous system. kinetic of 5-ht, tryptophan, kynurenine, mao activity and ido activity in human septic shock was never investigated.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age above or equal to 18 years * strong presumption clinical sepsis * need for mechanical ventilation * body temperature above 38°c or below 36°c * heart rate above 90 bpm * systolic blood pressure of \<90mm hg despite adequate fluid replacement or a need for vasopressors less than 3 hours * presence of at least one of the following criteria: * ratio of arterial oxygen tension over inspired fraction of oxygen of less than 300 mm hg * urinary output below 0.5 ml per kg of bodyweight per h or below 30 ml/h (for at least 1 h) * arterial lactate concentration above 2 mmol/l * consent signed exclusion criteria: * age below 18 years * pregnancy * underlying disease with a poor prognosis, a life expectancy of less than 24 hours * depression or melancholy * neuropsychiatric diseases: seizure, manic psychosis, migraine, or drug addiction * neuroendocrine tumors * obstructive cardiomyopathy or acute myocardial ischaemia * pulmonary embolism * advanced stage cancer, malignant haemopathy, or aids with a decision to withhold or withdraw aggressive therapies * inclusion in another clinical trial * patient who receive before inclusion one of the following treatment known to modify serotonin level: almotriptan, amitriptyline, amoxapine, citalopram, clomipramine, clozapine, desipramine, dihydroergotamine, dolasetron, dosulepin, doxepin, eletriptan, ergotamine, flunarizine, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, granisetron, imipramine, indoramin, interferon alfa, interferon alfacon-1, interferon beta, iproniazid, maprotiline, methysergide, mianserin, milnacipran, mirtazapine, moclobemide, naratriptan, olanzapine, ondansetron, oxetorone, paroxetine, pizotifen, risperidone, sertraline, sumatriptan, tianeptine, trimipramine, tropisetron, venlafaxine,viloxazine, zolmitriptan. * no consent

Keywords: septic shock shock serotonin kynurenine tryptophan
a study of fluoroquinolones exposure and collagen-related serious adverse events

Conditions: Retinal Detachment; Achilles Tendon; Aneurysm, Dissecting

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate whether there is an increased risk of achilles tendon rupture (atr), retinal detachment (rd) or aortic aneurysm and dissection (aad) following exposure to fluoroquinolone (fq) or other antibiotics (amoxicillin, azithromycin, trimethoprim and trimethroprim/sulfamethoxazole) or febrile illness not treated with antibiotics, using a study design that minimizes the impact of confounders not usually captured in health services databases such as heredity or smoking.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * have evidence of at least 1 instance of achilles tendon rupture (atr) or retinal detachment (rd) or aortic aneurysm and dissection (aad) * have at least 1 exposure to fluoroquinolones or any of the other antibiotics (amoxicillin, azithromycin, trimethoprim and trimethroprim/sulfamethoxazole) or febrile illness not treated with antibiotic * have at least 1 year of continuous enrollment with pharmacy benefits prior to the atr, rd or aad exclusion criteria: atr, aad and rd cohorts: - participants who experience the index event while within a time-at-risk window for more than one exposure type. (the exposure types in this study include fq as a class, amoxicillin, azithromycin, trimethoprim, trimethroprim/sulfamethoxazole, and febrile illness not treated with antibiotics. events while within a time-at-risk window of two or more exposure types cannot be associated with any one exposure. participants are therefore excluded from the study) for atr and aad cohorts: * have inherited disorders of connective tissue, specifically: ehlers-danlos syndrome, epidermolysis bullosa, marfan syndrome, osteogenesis imperfecta * have an atr or aad event prior to index, during the 1-year pre-index period for rd cohort: * have cataract surgery prior to index * have iridotomy or iridectomy prior to index
study of changes in reflux symptoms and reflux finding score according to rabeprazole treatment period

Conditions: Gastroesophageal Reflux; Pharyngeal Diseases

Summary: the purpose of this observational study is to examine rsi (reflux symptom index) and rfs (reflux finding score) by treatment period before and after rabeprazole treatment in laryngopharyngeal reflux disease(lprd) patients.

this clinical study is a multicenter, open-label, prospective, observational study of outpatients who visit the department of otolaryngology (branch of medicine that deals with diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the ear, nose, and throat) under routine practice. this study will examine rsi (reflux symptom index) and rfs (reflux finding score) by treatment period (before and after rabeprazole treatment) in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease(lprd). among the patients who visit the department of otolaryngology with suspicious laryngopharyngeal reflux, those needing rabeprazole sodium treatment according to the doctor's discretion are eligible for enrollment. this study will explore the correlation between rsi and rfs and will examine major reflux symptoms and types of lesions, to find the most reliable factors in diagnosing lprd and judging therapeutic effectiveness of treatments. lprd is a disease with various symptoms and causes lesions by exposing the upper respiratory system to gastric acid and stomach contents. rsi and rfs can be used to diagnose lprd in a relatively objective manner by scoring items of symptoms and lesions particular to lprd. evaluations will be performed four times from baseline to week 12. observational study - one tablet of rabeprazole 10 mg or 20 mg once daily for 12 weeks

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who visit the department of otolaryngology with suspicious laryngopharyngeal reflux * patients who need rabeprazole treatment according to the doctor's discretion * patients who have signed an informed consent document indicating that they understand the purpose of and procedures required for the observational study and they agree to provide their information exclusion criteria: * patients who took rabeprazole within the past one month * patients who are hypersensitive to any of rabeprazole or benzimidazole * patients with severe hepatic impairment * pregnant or lactating women

Keywords: reflux symptom index reflux finding score rabeprazole laryngopharyngeal reflux disease gastroesophageal reflux disease
efficacy and safety of longan syrup in healthy volunteers with insomnia

Conditions: Insomnia

Summary: the objectives of this study were to evaluate efficacy and safety of longan syrup in healthy volunteers with insomnia. subjects will take 15 ml of longan syrup once a day for 3 months. they will be investigated their insomnia using insomnia severity index (isi) questionnaire, thai- the pittsburgh sleep quality index (psqi) questionnaire,stop - bang questionnaire, epworth sleepiness scale (ess) questionnaire, actiwatch, plasma cortisol, aspartate transaminase (ast), alanine transaminase (alt), alkaline phosphatase (alp), creatinine (cr), blood urea nitrogen (bun), fasting blood sugar, hba1c, complete blood count (cbc), hemoglobin, lipid profile, phosphate level, saliva cortisol, and urine melatonin before and after taken longan syrup.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 35-65 years * insomnia severity index (isi) more than 7 * thai- the pittsburgh sleep quality index (psqi)) more than 5 * stop - bang less than 5 * no diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction * fasting plasma glucose less than 126mg/dl * can communication (reading and writing) * be willing to be subjects in this study exclusion criteria: * know longan allergy or have history of adverse events from longan * take benzodiazepine, melatonin, valerian, and st johns wort in 1 month before this study starting * take medicines, herbs, or food supplements including thiazide diuretics, beta-blockers ,and estrogen that have an effect on blood sugar level in 1 month before this study starting * cannot control comorbidity diseases * irregular working hours * pregnancy or breast feeding * participated in other studies

Keywords: longan insomnia efficacy safety
effect of nose selection using rhnoscope on epistaxis of nasotracheal intubation

Conditions: Nasotracheal Intubation

Summary: rhinoscope is useful to exam intranasal structure. this information could be utilized to select more suitable nose for nasotracheal intubation. nastoracheal intubation using more patent nose could be associated with decrease of the development of epistaxis which is most common complication in nasotracheal intubation.

anterior rhinoscopy using rhinoscope is a simple way to view the intranasal structure, which allows you to observe the nasal mucosa, the inferior nasal concha, and in some cases, the nasal concha. you can see the nasal septum, polyps, and intranasal malformations. in addition, even when there are no structural abnormalities in the nasal cavity, the wider nasal cavity can be intuitively identified. this information is expected to assist in the selection of nostrils. it has not yet been studied whether anesthesiologists select nasal cavity for nasotracheal intubation using prosthesis can affect the occurrence of epistaxis. the purpose of this study is to determine whether the selection of a nostril for nasotracheal intubation by rhinoscope affects the incidence and severity of epistaxis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * asa i or ii undergoing surgery under nasotracheal intubation exclusion criteria: * expected difficult intubation based on history, physical examination, weight. * bleeding tendency * past history of nasal surgery * symptom of difficulty of nasal respiration

Keywords: epistaxis rhinoscope
comparison of recurrence rate of 2 herniotomy techniques in children older than 2 years

Conditions: Hernia, Inguinal

Summary: the study is basically aimed at comparing two techniques of herniotomy by comparing there recurrence rates

in this study, the principal investigator will operate upon patients aged between 2 years and 12 years by two techniques. in technique called mitchell banks technique, inguinal canal will not be opened and in fergusson gross technique, it will be opened

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all pediatric patients of either gender above age of 2 years and below 14 years of age presenting in pediatric surgery mayo hospital lahore exclusion criteria: * sliding hernia strangulated hernia pts with connective tissue disorders pts with undesccended testis patients with hydrocele hernia with internal ring 2cm or more in size
the active after cancer trial (aact)

Conditions: Breast Cancer; Colorectal Cancer

Summary: this study is being done to determine whether a telephone-based counseling intervention can help survivors of breast and colorectal cancer increase their weekly physical activity. observational evidence suggests that physical activity after breast and colorectal cancer diagnosis decreases recurrence rates. unfortunately, many people become less active during cancer therapy, and a substantial proportion never return to pre-diagnosis levels of physical activity. this study looks to see if people who have recently finished chemotherapy for breast, colon or rectal cancer can be motivated to increase their exercise by talking to an exercise specialist over the phone. the study also looks at changes in mood, fatigue, fitness, fat distribution and weight.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * histologically confirmed stage i-iii breast or colorectal cancer * 18 years of age or older * completed adjuvant treatment(for current malignancy) * completion of all adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation (with the exception of adjuvant herceptin and/or tamoxifen/aromatase inhibitor therapy for breast cancer patients) between 2 and 36 months prior to enrollment * ability to speak and read english * willingness to be randomized * medical clearance from an oncologist or primary care physician stating the participant is able to participate in an unsupervised, moderate-intensity physical activity program * no major surgery within 2 months of study enrollment or planned during study period exclusion criteria: * metastatic cancer * uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness that would limit compliance with study requirements * plans to have hip or knee replacement within a year * participation in more than 60 minutes a week of moderate-intensity recreational activity as assessed by the international physical activity questionnaire short form * bmi \>47

Keywords: exercise intervention aact
loading gait in spatic cerebral palsy

Conditions: Spastic Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy

Summary: the purpose of this study is to observe the behavior of kinematic variables in children with spastic hemiparetic cerebral palsy (shcp), immediately after treadmill gait training with ankle loading. the children underwent a single treadmill training session with ankle loading. the kinematic parameters were assessed in three phases: before training (pre); immediately after training (post); and 5 minutes after the end of training (follow up). the investigators hypothesized that the treadmill gait training with additional lower limb loading would be a disturbance capable of modifying the locomotor strategy of children with shcp, by the increase in kinematic parameters in the swing phase of gait.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * spastic hemiparetic cerebral palsy; * being able to walk without an assistive device (levels i or ii of the gross motor function classification system - gmfcs); * not having undergone muscle lengthening surgery within the previous year; * not having applied botulin toxin to the lower limbs or serial casting in the previous 6 months. exclusion criteria: * inability to understand simple commands to perform the training and evaluation; * inability to walk on the treadmill with or without load on the lower limbs; * presence of any physical pain or discomfort during the course of training.

Keywords: cerebral palsy gait weight bearing rehabilitation
remi for post-bariatric surgery weight regain

Conditions: Obesity; Bariatric Surgery Candidate

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to test the effectiveness of remotely-delivered interventions (utilizing acceptance-based behavioral treatment skills (abti)) amongst bariatric surgery populations who are experiencing weight regain postoperatively (\> 5% from their lowest postoperative weight and after postoperative month 6). investigators aim to evaluate abti's efficacy for reversing weight regain and its effect on targeted weight control behaviors and weight-related comorbidities by comparing participants randomly assigned abti (n = 100) to those assigned to a control group that also receives brief phone calls but that focus on reiterating instruction on the dietary and behavioral changes required of surgery and initially taught preoperatively (c, n = 100). the main research aims are: 1. to compare changes in body weight over 12 months in 200 bariatric patients who have regained \> 5% of their weight and are randomly assigned to abti or control. 2. to compare changes in eating behaviors (i.e., caloric intake, frequency of maladaptive eating behaviors), physical activity, and weight-related comorbidities (i.e., biomarkers of diabetes, hypertension) over 12 months in the two groups. 3. exploratory - to test abti's theoretical mechanisms of action, including a) effects of theory-based active ingredients (i.e., acceptance, defusion, values clarity, mindfulness) on weight outcomes and b) changes in impact of internal states (i.e., hunger, cravings) on eating behavior.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men and women * ages 18-70 years old * weight regain of at least 5% from lowest postoperative weight * underwent gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy within 6 to 48 months prior to enrollment * ability to give consent * ability to speak, write, and understand english exclusion criteria: * long-term treatment with oral steroids * current use of weight loss medication (otc or prescription) * current pregnancy or plan to become pregnant within 12 months * psychiatric hospitalization in the past 6 months * documented or self-reported psychiatric diagnosis that would interfere with adherence to the study protocol or acute suicidality * self-report of alcohol or substance abuse within the past 12 months * current, self-reported use of tobacco products * weight loss \> 10 lbs in the past 3 month * history of more than one bariatric procedure * inability to walk at least one city block without assistance

Keywords: acceptance-based behavioral therapy postoperative outcomes weight regain