Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
combined assnb and icbpb vs ccbpb in shoulder arthroscopy

Conditions: Postoperative Pain; Shoulder Arthroscopy

Summary: the aim is to compare the postoperative analgesic and hemidiaphragmatic effects of anterior suprascapular nerve block (assnb) and infraclavicular brachial plexus block (icbpb) combination versus costoclavicular brachial plexus block (ccbpb) in patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopic surgery.

patients were divided into two randomized groups: group 1 (assnb+icbpb combination group, n=15) and group 2 (ccbpb group, n=15). all patients will receive the same standard general anesthesia per hospital protocol. all blocks will be applied with the same ultrasonography and block equipment, and by the same physician. before the anesthesia induction, ipsilateral diaphragmatic excursion will be measured via ultrasonography (usg). after the anesthesia induction, patients in group 1 will receive anterior suprascapular nerve block (assnb) with 10 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine and infraclavicular brachial plexus block (icbpb) with 15 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine (with a total volume of 25 ml). patients in group 2 will receive costoclavicular brachial plexus block (ccbpb) with 15 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine. all patients will receive paracetamol 1gr and dexketoprofen 50mg intravenous (iv) 10 minutes prior to skin closure. after 30 minutes of emergence from anesthesia (upon reaching 9 points on modified aldrete scoring), ipsilateral diaphragmatic excursion will be assessed again. pre- and postblock excursion differences will be recorded. routine analgesic procedure consisting of 3x1gr paracetamol and 2x50mg dexketoprofen will be followed postoperatively for 24 hours. numeric rating scale (nrs) will be used to assess postoperative pain on 1st, 6th, 12th, 18th and 24th hours after the surgery. quality of recovery-15 patient survey will be done both preoperatively for a baseline score, and postoperatively at 24th hour to assess the quality of recovery from the patients' view. tramadol 50mg iv will be administered as a rescue analgesic for all patients if nrs score is higher than 4. total tramadol consumption will be calculated.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients older than 18 years of age who underwent arthroscopic shoulder surgery under general anesthesia and were american society of anesthesiologists (asa) i-ii-iii according to the asa risk classification. exclusion criteria: * patients who did not give consent, * patients with coagulopathy, * patients with signs of infection at the block application site, * patients using anticoagulants, * patients with local anesthetic drug allergies, * patients with unstable hemodynamics, * patients who could not cooperate during postoperative pain assessment

Keywords: postoperative pain shoulder arthroscopy regional anesthesia costoclavicular brachial plexus block infraclavicular brachial plexus block anterior suprascapular nerve block
a study of vismodegib (gdc-0449) in patients treated with vismodegib in a previous genentech-sponsored phase i or ii cancer study

Conditions: Ovarian Cancer; Basal Cell Carcinoma; Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Summary: this was a multicenter, open-label extension study. patients who received vismodegib (gdc-0449) in a genentech-sponsored study and who had completed the parent study or who continued to receive vismodegib at the time the parent study closed were eligible for continued treatment in this protocol.


Eligibility criteria:
this study only enrolled participants who took part in previous studies of vismodegib conducted by genentech. inclusion criteria: * completed vismodegib treatment within 2-4 weeks in a genentech-sponsored parent study or continued to receive vismodegib at the time the genentech-sponsored parent study closed. * expectation by the investigator that the participant may continue to benefit from additional vismodegib treatment. exclusion criteria: * intervening anti-tumor therapy not specified in the parent study (ie, non-protocol-specified chemotherapy, other targeted therapy, radiation therapy, or photodynamic therapy).

Keywords: hedgehog pathway inhibitor
transcranial random noise stimulation in food addiction treatment

Conditions: Overweight, Obesity and Other Hyperalimentation (E65-E68)

Summary: obesity is worldwide a public health problem. according to world health organization (who), overweight and obesity are the fifth death risk factor worldwide. at least 2.8 million adults die each year. food addiction is one of the causes of obesity that may benefit from new therapeutic options.

transcranial random noise stimulation is a noninvasive brain stimulation technic. the modulation of the electrical activity of the right and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlpfc) by trns is able to act on the phenomenon of craving in other addictions. this allows us to make the assumption that trns stimulation could constitute a treatment for food addiction especially in obesity.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female or male between 18 and 65 years old * patients suffering from obesity, with a bmi ≥ 30. * food dependence score at the yale food addiction scale ≥ 3 exclusion criteria: * presence of a an other psychiatric diagnosis of axis i (dsm iv); * presence of addictive comorbidity other than food addiction * psychotropic treatment; * pregnancy or lactation; * contraindication to fmri .

Keywords: trns food addiction, obesity craving functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri)
pericoronary fat attenuation index and high-risk plaque in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Conditions: Acute Coronary Syndrome

Summary: this study aimed to investigate the relationship between ccta-based pericoronary inflammation and plaque features as well as local immune-inflammatory biomarkers in acs patients. it is hypothesized that perivascular fai might serve as a reliable sensor of coronary immune-inflammatory disorder, and closely related to the plaque vulnerability.

the pericoronary fat attenuation index (fai), which capture by standard coronary computed tomography angiography (ccta), has emerged as a novel imaging biomarker of coronary inflammation. this study aimed to assess whether increased pericoronary fai on ccta are associated with high-risk plaque (hrp) feature as well as local t cell subsets and their intracellular cytokines levels in non-st elevation acute coronary syndromes ( acs) patients. 195 lesions in 130 non-st elevation acs patients were prospectively enrolled and evaluated by ccta and coronary angiography in this study. blood were taken from coronary artery immediately after the diagnostic angiogram. local t cell subsets and their intracellular cytokines levels were detected by flow cytometry. ccta and pericoronary fai examinations were performed using a 320-detecor (aquilion one, toshiba medical systems, otawara, japan) systems. coronary plaque characteristics were analyzed cross each of the main coronary arteries using commercialized software package (qangio ct, medis, the netherlands).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * non-st-elevation acs (non-st-elevation myocardial infarction or unstable angina) age from 18 to 75 years which underwent ccta were prospectively enrolled in this study. exclusion criteria: 1. patients needed an immediate (\ 140; 2. subjects with previous history of coronary artery bypass graft surgery or pci, immune system disorder, tumor, acute/chronic infection, atrial fibrillation, end-stage renal failure, iodine-containing contrast allergy were also excluded. 3. after ccta performance, we also exclude patients with no significant (≥50%) stenosis on major epicardial vessels and those refused subsequent angiography. 4. participants with total obstruction on major epicardial vessel, or insufficient image quality for fai and qangioct analysis, as well as lack of blood sample were excluded.

Keywords: pericoronary fat attenuation index high-risk plaque
detection of early airway obstruction in patients with copd using rcexp

Conditions: COPD

Summary: we hypothesize that cexp during tidal and forced exhalation implemented to the routine spirometer may detect airway obstruction earlier than conventional spirometric indices such as fev1 and fev1/fvc.

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is the most common chronic lung disease worldwide, leading to significant morbidity, mortality, and high treatment costs. in 2020, the global prevalence of copd was estimated to be 10.6%, affecting around 480 million people. the diagnosis of copd in suspected patients is typically confirmed through routine spirometry, a simple noninvasive test that assesses the degree of airway obstruction. however, research has revealed that extensive small airway disease exists in copd before it can be detected using traditional spirometric measures, such as forced expiratory volume in the first second (fev1) and the ratio of fev1 to forced expiratory capacity (fev1/fvc). efforts are underway to find new parameters to improve early detection of airway obstruction in patients with copd. the expiratory time constant (rcexp) is a promising variable studied in critical care medicine and may also prove useful in pulmonology. data from ventilated copd patients demonstrate that prolonged rcexp was present in all patients with copd. the fev1/fvc ratio is currently the gold standard for diagnosing copd, but it only yields a single calculated value. in contrast, rcexp may offer more precision as it reflects exhalation dynamics at multiple time points during exhalation. if there is a prolongation of subsequent rcexp towards the end of exhalation, it could indicate the presence of obstruction. we hypothesize that rcexp during tidal and forced exhalation implemented to the routine spirometer may detect airway obstruction earlier than conventional spirometric indices such as fev1 and fev1/fvc.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: all patients eligible for routine spirometry if indicated as per the standard of care - exclusion criteria: known pulmonary disease, post thoracic surgery -

Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease expiratory time constant
normal variability of tidal breathing flow-volume curves during sleep in healthy children

Conditions: Respiration Disorders

Summary: the study includes a comprehensive health examination with focus on respiratory health and the tbfv recordings using impedance pneumography (ventica®) during sleep at night in healthy children.

impedance pneumograpy results in healthy children to generate normal values and to stude the effect of age and gender

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 12 months-71 months, both sexes * healthy at the time of inclusion * signed informed consent exclusion criteria: * preterm birth * recurrent bronchitis or recurrent hospitalizations because of a respiratory illness * nasal congestion, adenotonsillar hypertrophy, signs and symptoms of sleep apnea or sleep disordered breathing * acute respiratory infection or hospitalization because of an acute illness within 4 weeks prior to inclusion * personal or family history of asthma * recurrent wheezing without respiratory infection * allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, or other chronic respiratory disorders * atopic dermatitis * diagnosed allergic sensitization * use of asthma rescue or maintenance medication within 4 weeks prior to inclusion * any major chronic illness as judged by the investigators * implanted or external active medical devices such as pacemakers
rtms treatment in patients with general anxiety disorder

Conditions: Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Summary: this study will compare the change detected by a standardized rating scale (hamilton anxiety rating scale) scores in the active treatment group as compared to sham (placebo) group after 6 weeks of rtms treatments. it is hoped that 6 weeks of rtms treatment will lead to improvement of core symptoms in patients with gad.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * signed patient informed consent; * primary gad diagnosis; * hars \>=15; * male/female 18-65 years; * without gad pharmacotherapy at least last 2 weeks or if they are taking gad medication it must be stable for at least 6 weeks prior to the start of the study and not be changed during the 6 weeks of the study treatment phase. * individual or group supportive psychotherapy may continue during the study but will not be allowed to start new psychotherapy during the 6 weeks of the study treatment phase. exclusion criteria: * current serious axis i schizophrenia, bipolar i, mdd; * other primary axis i in the opinion of investigator; * hdrs \>=18; * metallic implant in cranium except mouth; * severe/unstable medical conditions; * ect within last 3 months; * history epilepsy; * neurological disorder leading to increased intracranial pressure; * severe cardiac disorder/intracardiac lines/pacemakers; * current suicide risk.
predicting outcomes of breast-conserving surgery in breast cancer patients using the modified 5-item frailty index

Conditions: Retrospective Study

Summary: background: breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide, with breast-conserving surgery (bcs) being a key treatment. the modified 5-item frailty index (mfi-5), a well-validated tool for assessing frailty, has shown predictive utility in other surgical contexts but remains under-explored in bcs. methods: using the american college of surgeons national surgical quality improvement program database (2008-2021), the investigators identified adult female breast cancer patients who underwent bcs. frailty was assessed using the mfi-5, scored from 0 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater frailty. multivariable logistic regression was employed to evaluate associations between mfi-5 scores and postoperative outcomes. main question: can the mfi-5 predict adverse postoperative outcomes in breast-conserving surgery patients?


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria * data from 14 annual datasets (2008-2021). * female breast cancer patients identified using diagnostic codes: * icd-9-cm 174: "malignant neoplasm of female breast." * icd-9-cm 233.0: "carcinoma in situ of breast." * icd-10-cm c50: "malignant neoplasm of breast." * icd-10-cm d05: "carcinoma in situ of breast." * focused on patients diagnosed with breast cancer. * further refinement: * only patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery (bcs). * identified by cpt code 19301: "partial mastectomy without axillary lymphadenectomy." exclusion criteria * missing essential anthropometric data (height and/or weight). * implausible bmi values (\ 250 kg/m², assumed data entry errors). * miscoded or vague icd or cpt entries. * concurrent invasive procedures other than bcs. * procedures performed by specialties other than general or plastic surgery. * male and non-binary patients or those with gender identity disorders (to focus on biologically female cohort). * non-elective (emergency) surgical cases. * patients with asa physical status scores \>4. * patients receiving anesthesia types other than general anesthesia.

Keywords: mfi-5 modified 5-item frailty index breast conserving surgery
a randomised controlled trial of n-acetylcysteine for the management of alcohol use disorder

Conditions: Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD)

Summary: to explore the effectiveness of n-acetylcysteine in improving treatment outcomes for alcohol use disorder in a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial.

australia urgently requires new treatment strategies for the treatment of alcohol dependence. although alcohol use disorders are a leading cause of preventable death in australia, their treatment is generally not evidence based. the medications currently approved for use in australia for the management of alcohol dependence have limited efficacy, and existing research does not address the heterogeneity of treatment response. targeted personalised medicine addresses this heterogeneity with better medicine selection for patients based on their genotype and clinical comorbidities. following on from a recent pilot study conducted by ci morley (nct03879759), this project will evaluate the clinical efficacy and tolerability of nac, relative to a placebo, in heavy drinkers. we hypothesise that nac-treated participants will be better able to achieve a reduction in heavy drinking. we will utilise a double-blind, randomised, controlled design. a sample of 280 individuals will receive 12 weeks of treatment with nac (2400 mg/day) or placebo.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * alcohol use disorder according to the dsm-v criteria * a desire to reduce or stop drinking * consumed at least 21 standard drinks per week or 2 heavy drinking days per week (hdd: ≥ 5 standard drinks/day for men; ≥4 for women) in the month prior to screening * adequate cognition and english language skills to give valid consent and complete research interviews * stable housing * willingness to give written informed consent exclusion criteria: * pregnancy or lactation (women will be advised to use reliable contraception during the trial and a pregnancy test will be performed were necessary) * concurrent use of any psychotropic medication other than antidepressants (provided these are taken at stable doses for at least two months) * any substance dependence other than nicotine * clinically unstable systemic medical (e.g. cancer, end stage liver disease: e.g. meld score ≥ 10) or psychiatric disorder (e.g. active psychosis, borderline personality disorder, active suicide risk: e.g. madras item 10 score of 6) that precludes trial participation * concurrent use of selenium, vitamin d or other anti-oxidants * any alcohol pharmacotherapy within the past month

Keywords: n-acetyl cysteine nac alcohol dependence n-acetylcysteine
comparative study of the efficacy of biologics vs usual treatment on ocs reduction for severe asthma patients using health insurance claim database

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: this study is a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with asthma based on the data extracted from the mdv database. the study period is from 1st jun 2016 to 29th february 2020 .


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients aged ≥16 years at index date. 2. patients with records of receiving high dose ics or high dose ics/laba and diagnosed as asthma (icd-10 code: j45 or j46 ) during baseline period. high dose ics and high dose ics/laba will be defined in the appendices (table 6-9). 3. patients who had visit histories at least one visit during baseline period, at least two visits during outcome period and at least one visit after outcome period. 4. patients who had a total of 12 weeks of ocs prescribed during the baseline period including the index date. exclusion criteria: 1. patients diagnosed with selected autoimmune diseases during the baseline period because ocs is used as a therapeutic agent for these disease. autoimmune disease will be identified by following icd-10 code (m30, m05, m06, l93, m32, k50, k51, k52, n04).
the international subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator registry (isusi)

Conditions: Sudden Cardiac Death

Summary: the entirely subcutaneous implantable defibrillator (s-icd) (emblem, boston scientific, marlborough, ma, usa) was introduced as a new therapeutic alternative to the conventional transvenous icd in 2009 and implantations are rapidly expanding since then.1 implantation of the s-icd seems to reduce implant-related perioperative complications such as pneumothorax, hematoma and cardiac tamponade. the aim of this multicenter registry is thus to assess the outcome of patients following an s-icd implantation in a real-world setting.

the s-icd has a ce mark and is fda approved since 2012 and is mentioned as a potential therapy strategy in the current aha guidelines on the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias.2 however, although implant-related complications seem to be reduced by the s-icd in randomized controlled trials, the rate of inappropriate shocks remains high in s-icd patients (10-13%).3-5 the most common reason for inappropriate shocks is cardiac oversensing, mostly due to t-wave oversensing or low amplitude of the subcutaneous signal, which not commonly found in patients with transvenous icds. data on the role of the defibrillation threshold testing (dft), the rate of infectious complications (lead or device complications), the use of the s-icd in children and adolescents, and the outcome of patients with an s-icd according to their underlying cardiac substrate are sparse. the aim of this multicenter registry is thus to assess the outcome of patients following an s-icd implantation in a real-world setting with a special focus on perioperative complication rate, the role of dft testing in s-icd, the use of the s-icd in cohorts that are underrepresented in clinical studies (adolescents and geriatrics), the outcome and risk factors of ineffective, inappropriate and appropriate shocks and the differences in outcomes according to the underlying cardiac disease.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * implantation of an s-icd, regardless of the technique * at least 1 month of follow up * at least 1 post-implantation assessment, in accordance to the routine clinical practice of every center (e.g. in person visit or remote follow up) exclusion criteria: - none

Keywords: subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator
cold snare polypectomy versus. endoscopic mucosal resection

Conditions: Colonic Polyp

Summary: the investigators will investigate the efficacy of emr compared to csp in treatment of small colon polp (6\~10mm). one aim of this study was to investigate the necessity of emr on resection of small colon polyp.

with sized polyp from 6mm to less than 10mm, it has been classified by the previous studies as a "small polyp". their potential for advanced neoplasia is usually size-dependent, but some recent studies found that, even in diminutive and small polyps, the rate of advanced neoplasia is relatively high about 9%-10%. the investigators will prospectively investigate postprocedural outcomes, such as retrieval rate, procedural time, overall complication rate (intraprocedural bleeding, postprocedural bleeding, and perforation) in colonoscopic polypectomy of small polyp between csp and emr.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all those over the age of 20 years who agree informed consent and who have at least one polyp of eligible size (6-10 mm) exclusion criteria: * (1) patients taking anticoagulant therapy during the past 1 week of the procedure, (2) known coagulopathy, (3) history of liver cirrhosis, chronic kidney disease, malignancy, inflammatory bowel diseases or significant infectious disease, (4) american society of anesthesiology class iii or more, and (5) pedunculated polyps and polyps with malignant feature.

Keywords: colonic polyp