Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
evaluation of an herbal-based de-pigmenting system

Conditions: Melasma; Hyperpigmentation

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of an herbal de-pigmenting regimen applied to one side of the face compared with hydroquinone applied to the other side of the face in treating mottled hyperpigmentation and melasma.

this clinical study is being conducted in order to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of a de-pigmenting regimen when used by subjects with mild to severe mottled hyperpigmentation and melasma. efficacy will be assessed using visual grading, device measurements and digital photography. tolerance and safety will be evaluated by grading for objective and subjective signs of irritation, and the incidence and severity of adverse events. efficacy and tolerance of this product are compared to that of hydroquinone, which is applied to one side of the subject's face while the herbal de-pigmenting regimen is applied to the other side of the face. the two product pigmentation reducing herbal regimen is based on the novel concept of inhibiting all 14 major and the 3 branch steps in the melanin cascade.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female age 30-65 * must be in good general health * must be willing to use sunscreen on the face daily * must be willing to avoid tanning beds and excessive exposure to direct sunlight * must be willing to continue using regular cosmetic regimen exclusion criteria: * nursing pregnant/ planning to become pregnant during the course of the study * using a medication that increases sensitivity to sunlight including doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxin, hydrochlorothiazide, and sulfonamides. * any known allergies/sensitivities to facial skincare products, anti-aging products, de-pigmenting products, or products containing hydroquinone * usage of any new skincare products during the course of the study * presence of atopic dermatitis or psoriasis on the face * uncontrolled diabetes, hypertension, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism * tca or other deep peels within 1 year or medium to light peels within 3 months prior to starting the study * facial/laser treatment within the last 3 months * facial cosmetic surgery within the last 12 months * use of product, topical, or systemic medication, known to affect dyschromia, having "whitening" or anti-aging properties * physical skin conditions such as excessive hair, scarring, tattoos that might impair evaluations of the test sites * active hepatitis, immune deficiency, or autoimmune disease

Keywords: hyperpigmentation melasma sun spots dark spots
europainclinicsstudy xir-zj

Conditions: Back Pain

Summary: determine the efficacy of lumbar medial branch neurotomy by radiofrequency and cryoablation in patients with chronic low back pain

facet joint pain encompasses a significant portion of the possible sources of pain in patients with vertebrogenic algic syndrome.a typical symptom caused by facet joint irritation of the medial branch nerve is a back pain with intermittent irregular patchy pain spreading to the legs. the cause of this pain is irritation of the medial branch of the dorsal nerve root which innervates a facet joint. confirmation of the source of the pain involves local anaesthetic blocks of the medial nerve branches in several adjoining vertebral areas. if this test is positive, then the patient's condition is indicated for radiofrequency ablation or cryoablation of the nerve branches. description of interventional procedures: patients with chronic low back pain with confirmed zygapophysial joint pain after previous two medial branch nerve blocks with positive results are indicated for radiofrequency medial neurotomy or alternative cryoablation neurotomy. navigation with probes in both cases is arranged and directed according to fluoroscopic imaging.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged between 20 and 80 * positive two medial branch nerve blocks with pain relief over 80% during the first 12 hours after nerve block application * positive patient history of facet joint pain * patients with chronic low back pain for at least 6 months with back pain and leg pain (vas \>=5) * those who (only if a signature was obtainable), or whose legal guardian, fully understood the clinical trial details and signed the informed consent form exclusion criteria: * patients with a history of other spinal diseases (compression fracture, spondylitis, tumor) * women with positive a pregnancy tests before the trial or who planned to become * pregnant within the following 3 years * other patients viewed as inappropriate by the staff * disagreement with participation in the study
reducing errors in the neonatal intensive care unit

Conditions: Medication Errors and Other Product Use Errors and Issues; Adverse Drug Event

Summary: this is a monocentric prospective pre and post-intervention study, aiming at analyzing the efficacy of the computerized provider order entry (cpoe) plus bar code medication administration (bcma) as compared to paper order entry in reducing medication erros (mes) in the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu)

medication errors are a burden to the health care system. the neonatal population, in particular the infants admitted to the nicu, are at higher risk of mes as compared to the adult and pediatric population. moreover adverse events (ades) occur more frequently and may be particularly severe in neonates. several strategies have been tried in order to decrease the incidence of mes in the nicu. among these, some studies investigated the effectiveness of cpoe in reducing mes in hospitalised patients. however, results have been inconsistent. so far, no study investigated the association of cpoe + bcma in neonates. the investigators designed a monocentric prospective pre and post-intervention observational study to investigate the efficacy of the cpoe plus bcma as compared to paper order entry in reducing mes in the nicu population.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * admission to the nicu * need of pharmacological intervention * informed parental consent exclusion criteria: * lack of parental consent

Keywords: computerized provider order entry patient safety quality improvement medication errors adverse events bar code medication administration neonates
rate of infection after using antibiotic loaded cement and regular cement in total knee arthroplasty

Conditions: Primary Osteoarthritis of Knee Nos

Summary: our study will be a prospective study to compare between the rate of infection after using antibiotic loaded cement and regular cement after total knee arthroplasty in primary knee osteoarthritis.this will be at assiut university trauma hospital .there are 2 groups ,first group is patients will be treated with regular bone cement ,the second one is patient will be treated with antibiotic loaded bone cement, commonly used antibiotics includegentamycin powder.

total joint arthroplasty (tja) is among the major and most successful orthopedic surgeries . it is indicated when there is impaired joint function that requires prosthesis replacement .total hip arthroplasty (tha) and total knee arthroplasty (tka) are the most replaced joints . tka is becoming more common over the world, with 5 million degenerative knee joint replacement procedures projected by 2030 . although perioperative antimicrobial procedures have improved significantly, periprosthetic joint infection (pji) following tka remains a serious complication for patients and a significant burden on the healthcare system . pji is a leading cause of tka revision surgery, accounting for more than 15% of all revisions.that can cause a long hospital stay, increase the risk of readmission, and lead to poor patient outcomes, such as decreased function and a lower quality of life. in the worst case, pji can lead to amputation or even death . antibiotic-loaded bone cement (albc) has been recommended to reduce the risk of pji. the aim of such a strategy is to promptly release antibiotics at the action site with very little systemic exposure, which may not be achieved by systemic antibiotics due to insufficient blood supply (1) but in the literature, it is uncertain whether albc or plain bone cement (pbc) should be used in ptka. albc has been shown to decrease significant complications, although it has the disadvantage of diminishing cement strength. a meta-analysis published in 2015 discovered no statistically significant difference in the incidence of pji in patients receiving two cement materials during ptka , another meta-analysis was done in 2022 demonstrated that the preventive application of albc during ptka could reduce the rates of deep pji, however, the existing related articles are mostly single-center and retrospective studies, and further high-quality ones are needed for confirmation ,so we will conduct our study to compare between albc and pbc in tka infection.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient with primary knee osteoarthritis. * patient underwent total knee arthroplasty. exclusion criteria: * patient with rheumatoid knee osteoarthritis. * patient with post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis. * patient with knee tumor. * patient has allergy to antibiotics used in the study. * patient with any operative procedure in the knee.
bone anchored hearing implants in chronic otitis media

Conditions: Hearing

Summary: the aim of this study is to investigate the cost, functional benefits, and impact on the quality of life of using bone-anchored hearing devices in chronic otitis media patients

hearing loss is a significant disability that disrupts an individual's communication with others and can have a profound impact on their social life and career. it can lead to social isolation, depression, anxiety, and even early dementia. chronic otitis is one of the most important ear diseases that can cause hearing loss. its treatment is surgical, but sometimes even after surgery, hearing rehabilitation is needed. in such cases, the first option is the use of hearing aids. some patients may be unable to use hearing aids due to excessive ear canal clearance, recurrent ear infections, or outer ear canal problems. in such cases, bone-anchored hearing devices emerge as the most logical option, although they are more costly compared to regular hearing aids. the aim of this study is to investigate the cost, functional benefits, and impact on the quality of life of using bone-anchored hearing devices in the context of our country

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults * no difficulty in coming to the hospital for follow-up * ability to communicate and express oneself at a level sufficient to interact with researchers * having an indication for bahi due to chronic otitis media exclusion criteria: * those with severe systemic illnesses (cancer, hiv, etc.) * psychiatric patients experiencing compliance issues with hearing tests * use of medication or medical devices that could affect the outcome of the study * patients who cannot adhere to regular follow-ups and do not use the device will be excluded from the study.
nutrition and constipation at inguinal hernia patients

Conditions: Nutrition; Constipation; Inguinal Hernia

Summary: there are lots of inguinal hernia risk factors determined in the literature. but the relationship between nutritional status and inguinal hernia were not examined yet. in this study the investigators evaluated the constipation scale and food consumption of the inguinal hernia patients. this case-control study was performed between march 2018- march 2019. the patients who admitted for operation with inguinal hernia were the case group (n:115) and the patients who were admitted to the same hospital without inguinal hernia were control group (n:88). the age, body mass index, alcohol and smoking habits, daily activity, frequency of food consumption and the wexner constipation scoring were examined using questionnaire were noted.

inguinal hernia is the most common type of abdominal wall hernias and the prevalence is estimated as 5-10% in united states. although many risk factors have been defined for inguinal hernia, family history of inguinal hernia has been reported to be one of the most important factors. in addition to this, advanced age, male gender, smoking, chronic cough causing intraabdominal pressure increase, and chronic constipation are the risk factors. the hernias may recur according to the causes they originate from the reasons they originate in the early or late period after treatment.in this study, constipation and nutritional status of inguinal hernia patients were evaluated and it was aimed to examine the relationship between inguinal hernia and nutrition which has not been previously evaluated in the literature. this case-control study was performed between march 2018- march 2019. the patients who admitted to the general surgery for operation with inguinal hernia were the case group of this study (n:115). also, the patients who were admitted to the same hospital with such as eye, ear/nose/throat, dermatologic diseases or elective surgeries and did not have any inguinal hernia complaints, constipation and other chronic disease which could increase the intra abdominal pressure selected as control group (n:88). written informed consent was obtained from each participant. the numbers of cases and controls were matched based gender and age in each group. the age, gender, body mass index, alcohol and smoking habits, daily activity, frequency of food consumption and the constipation scoring according to wexner constipation scoring were examined using questionnaire. the demographic data, nutritional status and the constipation scores were compared among individuals to identify differences between these two groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - clinical diagnosis of inguinal hernia exclusion criteria: * cancer * pregnancy * chronic liver diseases * previous abdominal surgery history * femoral hernia * bilateral inguinal hernia * weight loss above the 20% of the body weight in the last 6 months

Keywords: nutrition constipation hernia
study investigating the levels and effects of low-grade inflammation in diabetic retinopathy of type 1 diabetes

Conditions: Diabetic Retinopathy; Inflammation

Summary: there is much evidence that localized low grade inflammatory processes may contribute to the microvascular complications of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus including sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy. some biomarkers for inflammation have been found to be elevated in diabetes patients and correlations between those biomarkers and the severity of diabetic complications have been found in the last years. the relation between this low grade inflammation and the microvascular changes observed in diabetic retinopathy is, however, not well characterized. in the present study patients with different stages of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy will be included. several markers of inflammation will be measured from blood samples. these markers will be related to vascular factors including flicker-induced vasodilatation as a marker of endothelial dysfunction and perifoveal leukocyte velocity and density as measured with the blue field entoptic phenomenon. in addition, the ophthalmologic status of the patients will be assessed according to the modified airlie house classification. a multiple regression model will be employed to study the association between the different methods.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus with duration of \> 1 year * men and women, age ≥ 18, nonsmokers * body mass index between 16 and 30 kg/m² * normal findings in the medical history and physical examination unless the investigator considers an abnormality to be clinically irrelevant or diabetes-related * mild, moderate or severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy exclusion criteria: * abuse of drugs or alcoholic beverages * participation in a clinical trial in the 3 weeks preceding the study * treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs in the 3 weeks before the study day * symptoms of a clinically relevant illness in the 3 weeks before the study day * blood donation or equivalent blood loss in the 3 weeks before the study day * other ocular pathologies than non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy * ametropia \> 6 dpt * history or family history of epilepsy * pregnant or lactating women

Keywords: diabetes mellitus, type 1 inflammation cytokines vascular reactivity
assessment of updated evaluation scores in critically ill copd patients admitted to assiut university hospital

Conditions: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Summary: acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aecopd) represent a leading cause of morbidity and mortality.patients admitted to hospital present higher mortality rates.the investigators lack the specific tools that allow us to easily classify and establish the individual prognosis for each patient during their hospitalization. rational of the study:to identify the predictive factors for hospital mortality in critically ill patients admitted to hospital due to an episode of copd exacerbation.

material and methods: a) sociodemographic variables: age, sex, marital status, occupation, pack\\year. b) clinical variables: 1- dyspnea measured by the medical research council (mrc) scale and the copd assessment test (cat ) while stable, previous to admittance. 3- charlson comorbidity index and age adjusted model. 4- the apache ii scale: the severity of the episode upon admittance, calculated using the apache ii scale, using the worst value obtained in the first 24h after being admitted to hospital. 5- the sequential organ failure assessment (sofa) scale. 6- lab parameters: such as glucose, albumin and heamatocrit 7- bap-65 score: elevated blood urea nitrogen, altered mental status, pulse \> 109 beats/min, age \> 65 years. 8- assessment of symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease. 9-glasgow scale score. 10-curb 65 :"c" stands for "confused"; "u" stands for bun greater than19 mg/dl; "r" stands for "respiration more than 30 breaths per minute""b" stands for blood pressure less than 90 mm hg systolic or diastolic blood pressure 60 mm hg or less; "65" stands ≥65 years. 11-cauda 70: c: confusion, acidosis (ph \ 7mmol/l, mrc dyspnoea score \>4, albumin \ 70 years. one point was assigned to each variable present, giving a six point scoring system. 12-the copd and asthma physiology score. 13-the early warning score. 14-ado index: comprised of age, dyspnea by the mrc, and fev1. scores ranged from 0 (best status) to 5 (worst status) for age, 0-3 for mrc, and 0-2 for fev1. points for each component were added so that the ado index ranged from 0 to 10.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * we include for study all patients critically ill hospitalized for copd exacerbation during the study period exclusion criteria: * patients who refuse to be admitted to hospital after having been properly informed, and their families as well, of the possible risks that they are assuming. * specific diagnosis: pulmonary edema, rib fractures, aspiration, pleural effusion, etc. upon admission. * other associated respiratory pathology that determines treatment: pulmonary fibrosis, kyphoscoliosis, neuromuscular pathology, upper airway obstruction, extensive tuberculosis sequelae.
an open study of foscarnet treatment first episode cmv-retinitis in aids patients

Conditions: Cytomegalovirus Retinitis; HIV Infections

Summary: to evaluate the safety and efficacy of foscarnet induction therapy for treatment of aids patients experiencing their first episode of cytomegalovirus (cmv) retinitis. to evaluate the safety and efficacy of three different foscarnet maintenance therapy regimens. to determine the pharmacokinetics of intermittent administration of foscarnet with or without concomitant administration of zidovudine (azt).


Eligibility criteria:
exclusion criteria co-existing condition: patients with the following are excluded: * any clinically significant pulmonary or neurologic impairment (e.g., patients who are intubated or comatose). * corneal, lens, or vitreous opacification which precludes examination of the fundi, or evidence of tuberculotic, diabetic and/or hypertensive retinopathy. * known allergy to foscarnet. * recurrent episode of cytomegalovirus (cmv) retinitis. concurrent medication: excluded: * nephrotoxic drugs. patients with the following are excluded: * recurrent episode of cytomegalovirus (cmv) retinitis. * any clinically significant pulmonary or neurologic impairment (e.g., patients who are intubated or comatose). * corneal, lens, or vitreous opacification which precludes examination of the fundi, or evidence of tuberculotic, diabetic, and/or hypertensive retinopathy. * known allergy to foscarnet. prior medication: excluded: * ganciclovir for cytomegalovirus (cmv) retinitis. * foscarnet for cmv retinitis. patients with aids as defined by the cdc with manifest first episode cytomegalovirus (cmv) retinitis, as identified by its characteristic ophthalmoscopic appearance and verified by fundus photography. * patients must be able to give informed consent.

Keywords: retinitis aids-related opportunistic infections drug therapy, combination foscarnet cytomegalovirus infections acquired immunodeficiency syndrome antiviral agents zidovudine
analysis of extraperitoneal rectal neoplasms between 3d endorectal ultrasonography and magnification chromoendoscopy

Conditions: Rectal Cancer; Rectal Cancer Stage I

Summary: erus-3d and cmi demonstrated good diagnostic accuracy in parietal staging of rectal extraperitoneal neoplasms, however with greater efficiency of the endoscopic method. the association of studies can improve diagnostic efficacy and influence the most appropriate approach.

larger lesions present less chance of deep parietal invasion. the methods show moderate agreement with each other for lesion size and distance from the anal verge and good agreement for the rectal wall percentage of involvement. circumferential or almost circumferential lesions have a greater chance of postoperative stenosis. patients with more advanced lesions on ap who underwent radical resections had lower overall survival.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients with diagnosis of mid or distal rectum neoplasms stage 1 - exclusion criteria: advanced rectal cancer (stage ii, iii or iv) -
effect of pulmonary recruitment maneuver (prm) on pain and nausea after laparoscopic bariatric surgery

Conditions: Pain, Postoperative; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Summary: the purpose of this prospective, blinded, randomized clinical trial is to investigate whether a ventilator-piloted prm at the end of laparoscopic bariatric surgery could reduce overall postoperative pain and nausea.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * elective laparoscopic bariatric surgery (lbs) * american society of anaesthesiologists (asa) physical status classification i-ii (with the exception of body mass index over 35 kg/m2) * written consent exclusion criteria: * conversion to open surgery * complication, clavien-dindo grade ≥ ii
comparison of ultrasonography guided serratus anterior plane block and thoracic paravertebral block in thoracic surgery

Conditions: Postoperative Pain

Summary: the aim of this study is comparison of the effectiveness of ultrasound guided serratus anterior plane block and thoracic paravertebral block as a preventive analgesia method after vats. our secondary aim is to investigate patient and surgeon satisfaction, duration of block application, postoperative complications and hospital lenght of stay.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged between 18 and 65 years * asa (american society of anesthesiologists) score i-ii exclusion criteria: * inability to communicate * body mass index (bmi) \> 35 kg/m2 * infection in the area where the block was to be applied * allergy to the drugs used * mentally impaired * bleeding impaired

Keywords: thoracoscopic surgery video assisted serratus anterior paravertebral block