Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
a brain imaging study of nicotine release in cigarette smokers

Conditions: Nicotine Dependence

Summary: tobacco smoking is the most prevalent addiction in society today causing directly major health hazards and sharing morbidity with other psychiatric disorders. nicotine binds to acetylcholine receptors and thus elevates da release and inhibits da transport. there are few studies using advanced brain imaging techniques to investigate how nicotine releases dopamine in humans. these studies utilized dopamine displacement paradigms with \[11c\] raclopride binding to d2 receptor in positron emission tomography (pet). there is evidence that smokers (particularly those who enjoyed smoking) showed decreased \[11c\] raclopride binding in the caudate/nucleus accumbens and putamen after smoking cigarettes. these results also indicated that the effects of nicotine on dopaminergic neurotransmission are mediated by pleasure and craving. we propose to investigate the effects of smoking a cigarette ad lib on dopamine release by using dopamine competition paradigm with \[i123\] ibzm in spect. secondly, we will test the hypothesis that dopamine deficiency is a major vulnerability factor for smoking. this may provide further evidence that dopamine deficiency in some smokers pre-disposes them to enjoy and desire smoking cigarettes more than others.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * chronic smokers and healthy non-smokers. exclusion criteria: * pregnant and breast feeding women. * age below 20. * neurological disorders. * others drugs.

Keywords: nicotine dopamine ibzm
tyrosine kinase inhibitors in metastatic non small cell lung cancer

Conditions: Non Small Cell Lung Cancer

Summary: aim of the present retrospective study is to evaluate molecular factors of primary resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in metastatic non small cell lung cancer (nsclc) patients. the investigators assess first, the incidence of epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr) and kirsten ras sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (kras) mutations, sos and hepatocyte growth factor (hgf) expression, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (alk) translocation and expression and, secondly, the investigators correlate molecular markers with clinical features and outcome in terms of response rate, progression free survival and overall survival.

non small cell lung cancer patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * histologically confirmed diagnosis of nsclc (non small cell lung cancer) with available tumor tissue for mutational analysis * metastatic disease treated with gefitinib or erlotinib * presence of at least one measurable lesion according to recist criteria exclusion criteria: * no tumor tissue available * no clinical data available
assessment of gbr in augmentation of horizontally atrophic maxillary ridge using collagen membrane versus using titanium mesh

Conditions: Horizontal Ridge Deficiency

Summary: this study is aiming to assess postoperative complications and bone quality and quantity in augmentation of horizontally atrophic maxillary ridge using a 1:1 mixture of autograft and xenograft particulate bone covered with collagen membrane with the new sausage technique™ versus using the same mixture covered with titanium mesh.

patients with atrophic maxillary ridge \< 4 mm will be selected in this study for augmentation for future implant placement. the full thickness flap will be elevated including one extra tooth on each side of the edentulous area or if completely edentulous 5 mm on each side.. the bone bed will be prepared by cleaning any debris and multiple decortication holes will be performed with a 2.0 mm round bur. the harvested bone from the chin is then mixed with the xenograft with ratio 1:1 and then put on the recipient site and will be covered with a collagen membrane with the sausage technique (intervention group) and the other group the graft will be covered with titanium mesh (control group). flap is repositioned and sutured. followup for 6 months and then cbct is done. reopening after 6 months, core biopsy is taken by a 2 mm thickness trephine from the healed augmented bone at the site of implant placement and will be sent for histomorphometric analysis and the bone thickness (buccolingual ) dimension is measured using a caliper and from the cbct (cone beam ct) the bone width gain will be calculates and recorded. postoperative complications( infection, wound dehiscence or membrane exposure) will be monitored and recorded.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients with horizontal atrophied maxillary ridge (thin ridge) less than 4mm. 2. all ages and both sexes were included in this study. 3. patients should be free from any systemic disease that may affect normal healing of bone, and predictable outcome. 4. patients with physical and psychological tolerance exclusion criteria: 1. patients with high risk systemic diseases like uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. as uncontrolled diabetes mellitus has a negative impact on normal bone healing. 8 2. heavy smokers.4 3. alcohol or drug abuse 4. gingival bleeding or full mouth plaque index ≥ 25%.4 5. patients with physical and psychological intolerance. as psychological stress will affect the immune system and patient's fitness including healing capacity. 9 6. unavailability for regular follow-ups
prometra's utilization in mitigating pain (pump)

Conditions: Intractable Pain

Summary: clinical evaluation of the safety and efficacy of the prometra programmable infusion pump to accurately supply drug to the intrathecal space for the treatment of chronic pain.

chronic conditions of pain and spasticity are and have been major challenges to traditional medical treatment. chronic pain and spasticity seriously reduce the quality of life and restrict normal daily activities for many people. the first line of defense is normally oral medications. however, a significant number of these patients require additional or alternative therapy due to the side effects of the oral medications or the intractable nature of the condition. in 1979, wand et. al. found that small amounts of morphine, when injected into the sub-arachnoid space, had significant affect in reducing pain. since that time a number of drug products and infusion pumps have been developed to address this condition. the primary drug used for this purpose in preservative-free morphine sulfate solution which is delivered via an implanted intrathecal catheter. the prometra intrathecal pump system is only the second programmable pump to be used in the treatment of chronic pain.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * suffering from chronic pain * 18 years of age or older * life expectancy \>6 months * failure to respond to less invasive methods * patient undergone successful morphine trial * patient agrees with protocol requirements * patient considered good subject per clinician exclusion criteria: * existing spinal problems that prevent treatment * systemic infection * patient is pregnant or breast feeding * known allergy or sensitivity to materials * coexisting medical condition that precludes pump usage * subject requires mri post procedure * subject unwilling/unable to comply
bexagliflozin efficacy and safety trial

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of bexagliflozin in lowering hemoglobin a1c (hba1c) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm) and increased risk of cardiovascular adverse events. the data from this study will be combined with the data from other bexagliflozin studies in a meta-analysis of cv safety outcomes.

approximately 130 investigative sites globally are planned to participate in this study. an estimated 1650 subjects with inadequately controlled t2dm and an elevated risk of cardiovascular adverse events will be randomized to bexagliflozin tablets, 20 mg, or placebo in a ratio of 2:1 in addition to the background anti-diabetic medications. the study is an event-driven trial. the treatment period will end when the last randomized subject has completed at least 52 weeks of treatment and a total of at least 134 subjects have experienced a cardiac event.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects with a diagnosis of t2dm * subjects who have had a stable treatment regimen for t2dm for the past 3 months * subjects who present with at least one of the following 3 histories: group 1: a history of atherosclerotic vascular disease group 2: a history of heart failure group 3: age ≥ 55 years with diabetes for ≥ 10 years, uncontrolled hypertension, currently smoking, reduced kidney function, or cholesterol problems exclusion criteria: * diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus or maturity-onset/diabetes of the young * history of genitourinary tract infections * evidence of abnormal liver function * history of mi, stroke or hospitalization for heart failure in the past 3 months * prior kidney transplant or evidence of kidney problems * prior or planned pace maker implantation * pregnant or nursing
megachannel device for advanced colonoscopy

Conditions: Multiple Polyps Right Colon; Large Polyp Right Colon; Suspected Polyp Right Colon

Summary: megachannel is a newly developed colonic access system allowing rapid and multiple passes of the colonoscope to the right colon. the investigators want to conduct a multinational study to evaluate the safety and clinical feasibility of placing a 100 cm megachannel prototype in the right colon.

patients scheduled for colonoscopy with suspected right colonic polypoid lesions will be included. the prototype will loaded onto a 160 cm lower gi endoscope and introduced via colonoscopic guidance. time to cecum, total investigation time, clinical feasibility and complications will be recorded.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients scheduled for colonoscopy with suspected large or multiple polys in the right colon exclusion criteria: * previous abdominal surgery * history or currently diagnosed intra-abdominal cancer * patients presenting with unstable angina * drug abusers * pregnant women * patients with known colonic strictures

Keywords: colonoscopy polypectomy notes
needlescopic-assisted uniportal vs uniportal vats

Conditions: Lung Cancer; Lung Cancer Metastatic; Bullous Disease Lung; Nodule Solitary Pulmonary; Mediastinal Tumor

Summary: the investigators' study aims is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of uniportal vats under assistance of needlescopic instruments through additional 2-3 mm ports compared to conventional uniportal vats in patients with lung lesions.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: lung or mediastinal disease requiring thoracoscopic surgery exclusion criteria: thoracoscopic esophagectomy decortication for empyema

Keywords: thoracoscopy vats needlescopy uniportal
mebendazole study against hookworm infections in children and adolescents in ghana

Conditions: Hookworm Infections

Summary: the ghana study will hypothesize that both the multiple dose and single dose of mebendazole will achieve effective cure rates against hookworm among children and adolescents. this study is intended to be a pilot study for a planned phase 3 registration trial of a new drug for hookworm, tribendimidine.

this study will determine the cure rates (crs) of mebendazole regimens to be used as comparator drug regimens in the future pivotal trial of tribendimidine and will provide evidence of the efficacy and safety of mebendazole among children and adolescents infected with hookworm in ghana. children and adolescents bear a large burden of morbidity from hookworm infection, so building the evidence base for effective treatments in this population has important public health implications in ghana and other endemic settings.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria all participants must meet all of the following inclusion criteria: 1. male or female, aged 6 to 18 years, inclusive, at the time of randomization. 2. written informed consent signed by at least one parent and/or legally acceptable representative (as defined by local law); and assent by participant. 3. able and willing to be examined by a study health care provider at the beginning of the study. 4. able and willing to provide one stool sample at the beginning (baseline) and one sample approximately three weeks after treatment (follow-up). 5. positive for hookworm eggs in the stool (two kato-katz thick smear slides with more than one hookworm egg) at baseline. exclusion criteria participants must meet none of the following exclusion criteria to be eligible for this study: 1. presence of major systemic illnesses as assessed by a study health care provider, upon initial targeted clinical assessment. 2. pregnancy, based on a positive urine rapid test, or breastfeeding in girls after menarche. 3. recent use of an anthelminthic drug (within the past 4 weeks) or use of anthelminthics not provided by study staff during the study period. 4. known allergy to mebendazole or albendazole. 5. participation in other clinical trials during the study.

Keywords: soil-transmitted helminth hookworm hookworm infections necator americanus ancylostoma duodenale
safety and tolerability study of kns-760704 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als)

Conditions: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Summary: this was a 2-part study of dexpramipexole in patients with als. part 1 was a randomized, placebo-controlled, multi-center study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and clinical effects of oral administration of 3 dosage levels of dexpramipexole vs. placebo for 12 weeks. part 2 was a randomized, double-blind, 2-arm, parallel group, extension study evaluating the safety, tolerability, and clinical effects of oral administration of 2 dosage levels of dexpramipexole for up to 72 weeks.

this study was a two-part, multicenter, double-blind study in subjects with als to evaluate the safety and tolerability of dexpramipexole treatment, as well as the preliminary effects on measures of clinical function and mortality of dexpramipexole treatment. in part 1, 102 subjects with als were randomized at 20 us sites to receive placebo, dexpramipexole at 50 mg/day; dexpramipexole at 150 mg/day; or dexpramipexole at 300 mg/day for 12 weeks. participants who completed part 1 were eligible to enroll into part 2. part 2 was a randomized, double-blind, 2-arm, parallel-group, extension study evaluating the longer-term safety, tolerability, and clinical effects of oral administration of 2 dosage levels of dexpramipexole. in part 2, following a 4-week, placebo washout, continuing subjects received dexpramipexole at 50 mg/day or 300 mg/day as double-blind treatment for up to 72 additional weeks (part 2 duration was up to a total of 76 weeks, including the 4 week placebo portion).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with diagnosis of familial or sporadic als, defined as meeting the possible, laboratory-supported probable, probable, or definite criteria for a diagnosis of als according to the world federation of neurology el escorial criteria * patients with als symptom onset \< 24 months from randomization * patients with upright vital capacity (vc) \> 65% of predicted for age, height, and gender exclusion criteria: * patients in whom causes of neuromuscular weakness other than als have not been excluded * patients without clinical evidence of upper motor neuron dysfunction * patients with clinically suspected als according to the world federation of neurology el escorial criteria * patients with prior exposure to kns-760704 or the r(+) enantiomer of pramipexole (i.e., r(+)-pramipexole) * patients taking other investigational agents (including lithium) within 30 days of randomization or during the study

Keywords: als amyotrophic lateral sclerosis lou gehrig lou gehrig's lou gehrig's disease motor neuron disease nervous system diseases kns-760704 biib050
effect of a fresh fermented dairy drink product consumption on antibiotic associated diarrhea and gastro-intestinal disorders

Conditions: Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea

Summary: the purpose of this clinical study is to evaluate the effect of a four-week consumption of a fresh fermented dairy drink containing probiotic strains on antibiotic-associated diarrhea and gastro-intestinal disorders in adult subjects treated for helicobacter pylori eradication.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects who have read and signed the study informed consent form * subjects positive for helicobacter pylori infection and symptomatic due to helicobacter pylori infection * subjects with an indication, as stated by a gastroenterologist, for the eradication of helicobacter pylori exclusion criteria: * female subjects with a positive pregnancy test (based on serum test), or planning to become pregnant during the study or breast-feeding women * subjects enrolled in another interventional clinical study in the last 4 weeks or in an exclusion period following participation in another clinical trial * subject who have a history of alcohol abuse * subjects having diarrhea within the preceding 4-weeks * subjects with severe life-threatening illness, severe evolutive or chronic pathology * immune-suppressed subjects * subjects with benign peptic ulcer or pre-malignant or malignant lesion * subjects presenting with an infection of the gastrointestinal tract * subjects with any past severe gastro-intestinal or metabolic pathology * subjects with history of helicobacter pylori eradication therapy * subjects with history of cardiac or renal clinically significant disease * subjects that have had any surgery or intervention requiring general anesthesia in the last 4 weeks, or that have any planned * subjects with allergy or hypersensitivity against the medication for the eradication of helicobacter pylori * subjects taking treatments likely to interfere with the evaluation of study parameters. * subjects with allergy or hypersensitivity to any component of the study products

Keywords: probiotics antibiotic associated diarrhea gastro-intestinal disorders helicobacter pylori
reducing cvd risk in african americans faith communities

Conditions: Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

Summary: the ultimate goal of our partnership with local african-american churches is to implement an effective, multi-component intervention to increase awareness of the critical importance of healthy lifestyle in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (cvd). we will utilize the american heart association (aha) prevention strategy, \&quot;life's simple 7\&quot; to address the major risk factors for cvd: diet, smoking, physical inactivity, hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol and obesity in order to improve overall cardiovascular health. our main strategy consists of a community-based participatory research approach that involves focus groups to assess participant knowledge and beliefs about cvd risk factors prior to program initiation. we will also determine participant dietary and exercise practices, knowledge and perceptions related to healthy lifestyle and chronic diseases, demographic/health status information, health care utilization, biometrics (weight, blood pressure, blood tests for glucose and cholesterol, etc.) and attitudes about medical research at baseline, program completion and 6-month follow-up.

church goers will undergo, baseline assessment of knowledge attitudes and behavior survey as it relates to cvd risk and anthropomorphic measurements. a 3 month experiential educational program will be provided at 2 locations. at 6 months after baseline a followup measure will be obtained

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion: * age \>18 yrs, * able to consent

Keywords: risk factors, african american, lipids, blood pressure
effectiveness and safety study of overnight intensive patch in scars

Conditions: Post Dermatological Surgery Scars

Summary: to investigate the effectiveness of an overnight intensive patch (oip) on improvement of post dermatological surgery scars and its safety over 12 to 24 weeks.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject has two or more newly formed post dermatological surgery scars of 1-10 (inclusive) cm each, with comparable length, located on a comparable skin area (upon the discretion of the investigator, considering e.g. the skin thickness or body tension). scars located at the upper back of the body will not be investigated due to a higher risk of wound dehiscence. * the dermatological surgery takes place within the last 3 weeks prior to baseline visit and the baseline visit is on the day of post-surgery control with optional suture removal, the wound must be closed by then. exclusion criteria: * subject with known history of keloids or hypertrophic scars. * subject with derma resurfacing procedures or non-invasive skin-tightening procedures including medium/ deep chemical peeling, dermabrasion treatments or laser therapy in the skin area intended to be treated for less than 8 weeks prior to screening/ baseline visit. * subject with any planned topical application containing active ingredients (e.g. self-tanning agents, however, hydration lotion is allowed provided the scars are left free) in the skin area intended to be treated. * subject anticipated spending excessive time in the sun (e.g. outdoor workers) or in the sun tanning bed during the investigation. * subject with any infection or wound in the area intended to be treated. * subject with known hypersensitivity to any ingredient of oip (e.g. acrylic adhesive, extractum cepae or allantoin). * subject who is taking, or anticipated to take during the investigation, systemic corticosteroids or topical corticosteroids applied on the investigation skin area. * subject with eczema requiring treatment in the skin area intended to be treated. * subject with any ongoing severe or uncontrolled systemic disease (cardiac, respiratory, hepatic, renal or gastrointestinal), malignant tumor (except for basalioma), or known hiv infection.
appropriate compatibility of propofol and sevoflurane for orthopaedic surgery of patients with mci

Conditions: Cognitive Impairment, Mild

Summary: according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, elderly patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery were randomly divided into four groups. the different combinations of propofol and sevoflurane were used in the four groups: 1 day before surgery, after patients become wide-awake, and 3 days, 7 days, and 3 months after surgery, the patient's cognitive function was evaluated using a professional cognitive scale and other indicators. finally, statistical analysis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * elective orthopaedic surgery * american society of anesthesiologists physical status: ii exclusion criteria: * neurological diseases that may affect cognitive function (e.g., subdural hematoma) * hypothyroidism * alcoholic dementia

Keywords: mild cognitive impairment