Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
sleep apnea in a non-clinical population

Conditions: Lung Diseases; Sleep Apnea Syndromes; Obesity; Cardiovascular Diseases; Heart Diseases; Hypertension

Summary: to investigate the causes, consequences and quantitation of sleep disordered breathing (sdb).

background: the study utilized an extremely rich source of data collected on the wisconsin sleep cohort, one of the largest cohort studies of sdb and one with the longest periods of follow-up, to address a broad array of questions related to the pathogenesis and risk of sdb in the general community. the data-set was obtained between 1988 and 1998 in a population of 1400 workers age 30 to 60 years, including an overnight sleep polysomnographic in-lab study conducted on two occasions over an eight year period. the dataset contained a computerized analysis of over 300,000 apneas and hypopneas in this non-clinical population. although strong associations have been demonstrated between sleep disordered breathing and cardiovascular diseases, much is not known regarding the mechanisms by which sdb produces blood pressure changes and increases morbidity. further analysis of the polysomnography and blood pressure data could yield important insights into the physiologic events responsible for cardiovascular morbidity. such information could then be used to develop diagnostic tests that identify those people at highest risk and thus who might especially benefit from intervention. this would be of potentially great public health importance, given the prevalence of sdb and the availability of treatments for sdb. design narrative: the investigators used the computerized database of the wisconsin sleep cohort to answer the following specific questions. what were the physiologic characteristics of sdb events in the non-clinical population in terms of severity, high airway resistance, obstructive and central components and associated after-effects on eeg arousal and ventilatory overshoots? did these important elements of the sdb event change as sdb progressed over time? did the ventilatory or cardiovascular consequences of apnea or hypopnea and its immediate aftermath determine the likelihood of subsequent sleep-disordered breathing events? 2. what were the immediate and long-term cardiovascular consequences of sleep-disordered breathing events; what characteristics of these sdb events (such as oxygen desaturation, arousal, ventilatory overshoot airway resistance, etc.) determined the cardiovascular responses and consequences? 3. what was the effect of aging on sdb and its sequelae as studied in the truly healthy elderly? 4. what role did anatomical characteristics of the upper airway play in determining the frequency and severity and type of sleep-disordered breathing? did these anatomical determinants differ in the general non-clinical population versus the obstructive sleep apnea (osa) population? ... in the obese versus the non-obese? organization responded that the study is non-fdaaa applicable and they do not accept transfer to their organization.

Eligibility criteria:
no eligibility criteria
umbilical cord clamping and infant iron status

Conditions: Iron-deficiency Anemia

Summary: the aim of the study was to determine whether delayed umbilical cord clamping, as compared to early umbilical cord clamping, improves infant iron status at 6 months of age.

in developing countries, up to 50% of children become anemic by 12 months of age. risk factors for iron deficiency (id) include low birth weight, maternal prenatal id, and male sex. iron deficiency anemia (ida) during infancy and childhood is of particular concern because of the potentially detrimental effects on development, some of which may be irreversible even after treatment to correct the deficiency. delayed umbilical cord clamping is an intervention that increases the infant's iron endowment at birth and has been shown to increase hemoglobin (hgb) concentration at two months of age. we determined whether a two-minute delay in the clamping of the umbilical cord of normal-weight, full-term infants significantly affected infant iron and hematological status through 6 months of age. in addition, we determined whether the effect of delayed cord clamping was significantly enhanced in subgroups of infants at higher risk of developing iron deficiency.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pregnant women delivering at study site hospital exclusion criteria: * delivery by cesarean section * pregnancy ≤ 36 or ≥ 42 weeks gestation * multiple gestation * diagnosis of any of the following in the current pregnancy: hemorrhage requiring clinic/hospital admission, placental abnormalities, fetal anomalies, down's syndrome of the fetus * diagnosis of pre-eclampsia or eclampsia in current or previous pregnancies * diagnosis at any time for the mother of any of the following: diabetes, hypertension, cardiopathies, chronic renal disease * infant with major congenital malformation * infant birth weight less than 2500 g * mother not planning to breast feed for at least 6 months * mother smoked during current pregnancy * unwilling to return for follow-up study visits at the hospital

Keywords: iron-deficiency anemia umbilical cord clamping infant
in-depth analysis of the immune responses in the upper respiratory tract in older adults infected or colonized with streptococcus pneumoniae (spn)

Conditions: Pneumococcal Infections; Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection; Influenza Infection

Summary: the nosespn-elderly study aims at characterizing the immune response in the upper respiratory tract in adults aged 60 and over diagnosed with a pneumonia due to a streptococcus pneumoniae (spn) infection. the immune response during the acute phase of the infection and after recovery will be compared to the immune response of asymptomatic spn carriers as well as to the immune response of patients diagnosed with a viral respiratory infection (flu or respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)). the primary objective of this observational study is to quantify the inflammatory response in the nasal cavity and to correlate it with bacterial/viral load and with clinical parameters. the study also aims to compare the inflammatory response measured in the nose to that measured in the blood. participants will have two study visits including a blood draw, several nasal samplings (nasal lining fluid and nasal cells) and a saliva sampling, one within 72 hours of their hospital admission and another one month later. nasal lining fluid and saliva will be obtained every two or three days until discharge from the hospital or resolution of symptoms. during those visits, questions regarding symptoms will be asked.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 60-85 years * able to provide informed consent either independently or by a legal representative * group 1 (spn pneumonia patients): clinical and/or radiological signs of pneumonia * group 1 (spn pneumonia patients): positive spn urinary antigen and/or blood culture and/or positive sputum test. * group 2 (viral respiratory infection patients): clinical signs of a respiratory infection * group 2 (viral respiratory infection patients): positive test for influenza or rsv * group 3 (asymptomatic spn-carriers): healthy without clinical signs of infection and no lower respiratory symptoms within the last month. exclusion criteria: * immunosuppression, * use of inhalation and/or nasal steroids the last month * intubation or under invasive mechanical ventilation * long-term antibiotic treatment prior to disease onset
evaluating genes in sputum to measure drug response in copd

Conditions: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD); Emphysema; Chronic Bronchitis

Summary: the purpose of this research study is to determine whether analysis of genes in sputum is a useful noninvasive technique for measuring response to drugs in patients with copd. we propose to use polymerase chain reaction to evaluate gene expression in induced sputum from adult current smokers with moderate copd, adult former smokers with moderate copd. this study is designed to determine whether changes in expression of previously-identified inflammatory markers in induced sputum can be detected in response to drug therapy in copd and to evaluate potential differences in the expression of these markers in adult smokers with and without copd. pre- and post-treatment serum will be obtained to facilitate proteomic analysis of therapeutic response as well. changes in sputum gene expression in response to treatment will be the primary outcome variable in this study. secondary outcomes will include changes in lung function, as well as changes in induced sputum inflammation. these endpoints will be evaluated before and directly after 6 weeks of randomly-assigned treatment with either salmeterol xinafoate or fluticasone propionate/50mcg salmeterol xinafoate combination dpi bid. endpoints will be re-evaluated following a 4 week wash-out period.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * twenty adult subjects ≥ 40 years of age and ≥ 10 pack/year cigarette history will be evaluated. * subjects will be recruited such that one-half are current smokers and one-half are former smokers. * all subjects will have copd (fev1/fvc \ 40% predicted). * airway hyperresponsiveness and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide will also be performed to more precisely characterize the physiologic phenotype in these subjects. exclusion criteria: * subjects will be excluded if they have used inhaled or systemic corticosteroid or antibiotic use within 6 weeks or if they are currently treated with theophylline. * a 6 weeks run off after an upper respiratory infection will be required for qualifying subjects.

Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) emphysema chronic bronchitis inhaled steroid salmeterol
320-slice coronary computed tomography (ct) angiography

Conditions: Coronary Artery Stenosis

Summary: the primary aim of this study is to determine the potential utility of 320-slice volume-ct for obtaining adequate diagnostic accuracy while at the same time improving image quality compared with previous generations of ct scanners and simultaneously enabling a reduction in both radiation exposure and contrast agent amount required.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 40 years of age * sinus rhythm exclusion criteria: * prior conventional coronary angiography * unstable presentation * coronary artery bypass graft or stent * pregnancy or breast-feeding * creatinine \> 2.0 mg per deciliter
evaluation of the prevention and treatment effects of chinese medicine on high altitude illness

Conditions: Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS)

Summary: this trial is aimed to evaluate the effects of "wu zhu yu tang" on the prevention of acute mountain sickness(ams).

this study is a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. it aims to demonstrate that (1) chinese medicine prescription "wu zhu yu tang" can prevent acute mountain sickness(ams) (2) "wu zhu yu tang" can prevent ams especially for yang-xu body constitution. we will randomize 240 unacclimatized healthy adults. they will be randomized after stratification of the yang-xu score and the ams history to receive chinese medicine during one ascent and placebo during the other ascent. we will take them in hehuan mountain for two days hike (24 hours) and an overnight over 3,000m. one month before the study, the subjects will fill the "body constitution questionnaire bcq" in order to evaluate their body constitution. before, during and after the two days hike we will measure their blood pressure, heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation. the incidence of ams will be measured by the lake louise self report (lake louise score ≥4 with headache), we will also report the lake louise clinical assessment score and lake louise functional score.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy adults exclusion criteria: * chronic disease: cardiovascular disease, psychological disease, anemia, migraine. * long-term use of the following materials: chinese herbs, steroid, antibiotics. * altitude acclimation: have been to mountain over 2000m in the past 1 month. * pregnancy.

Keywords: high altitude illness chinese medicine body constitution chinese medicine high altitude medicine mountain trekking
study comparing the efficacy of amlodipine besylate/benazepril versus amlodipine in the treatment of severe hypertension

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: this trial is designed to study the efficacy of an amlodipine besylate/benazepril treatment regimen versus an amlodipine treatment regimen in the treatment of severe hypertension.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of severe hypertension exclusion criteria: * diastolic blood pressure (dbp) \< 60 mm hg * serum potassium \ 5.5 meq/l in the absence of all potassium supplements * refractory hypertension defined as systolic blood pressure (sbp) ≥ 180 mmhg and/or dbp ≥ 110 mmhg and unresponsive to triple-drug regimens other protocol-defined exclusion criteria may apply.

Keywords: hypertension
randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy of two different toothbrushes on plaque control

Conditions: Plaque; Gingivitis

Summary: the aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of two different toothbrushes (manual and sonic) on plaque control

a parallel randomized clinical trial, examiner-blind, was conducted involving 56 patients with ages from 15 to 20, all students of camp (centro de formação e integração social), in the city of são bernardo do campo, state of são paulo, brazil. randomization: the subjects were randomly allocated to two different groups (a for the manual toothbrush and b for the sonic toothbrush) by removing from an urn a paper with their respective group. silness \& löe gingival index, the turesky modification of the quigley hein plaque index and the community periodontal index were evaluated at baseline and after 3 and 6 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects had to be in generally good health, and possessing a minimum of 20 permanent natural teeth, excluding third molars. exclusion criteria: * subjects were excluded if they had fixed orthodontic appliances, advanced periodontal disease, limited manual dexterity, active caries, medical conditions limiting their salivary function or immunological condition, and if they were smokers.

Keywords: plaque oral hygiene gingivitis sonic toothbrush manual toothbrush
sars cov 2 vaccination in adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Conditions: SARS Cov 2 Vaccination in Adolescents With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Summary: since june 2021, vaccination against the sars-cov2 virus is recommanded in france to all children from 12 to 18 years old. in the specific population of teenagers living with juvenile arthritis, the vaccine seems to be safe and well tolerated. it has been shown previously that this population has a vaccine coverage lower than the global population even though few datas are available on this topic the aim of this resarch is to study the vaccination coverage against the sars-cov2 virus and more specifically the reasons why adolescents were or were not vaccinated in the population of adolescents with juvenile arthitis followed up in angers, nantes and rennes. for this purpose, a review of the medical record will be done and a questionnaire will be adressed to the family of patients in order to collect informations about the disease, the treatments, the motives or obstacles to vaccination. secondaries end points are safety of the vaccination, consequences on the juvenile arthritis (such as changes in the medication, flare-up of the illness) and the occurence of covid infection after vaccination.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients from 12 to 18 years old, on january the 1st 2022 * patients followed up from juvenile arthritis * patients followed up in 2021 and 2022 exclusion criteria: * patients under 12 years old.

Keywords: sars cov2 vaccination juvenile idiopathic arthritis paediatric safety acceptance
diagnosis of colonic adenomas by bright narrow band imaging (b-nbi)

Conditions: Colonic Adenomas

Summary: early detection of colo-rectal adenoma using colonoscopy can prevent occurrence of colon cancers. while colonoscopy is a standard technique, it can miss early cancers. to improve the detection rate, narrow band imaging (nbi) was introduced in 2006. it has been shown to compare favorably with chromo-endoscopy in the sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of malignant colo-rectal neoplasms. the major drawback of nbi is that images become dark in the presence of blood and fecal matters. the bright-nbi is a prototype imaging technology that enables endoscopists to obtain better images in suboptimal conditions. the study proposes to compare the performance of colonoscopy using either white light or bright nbi in subjects undergoing screening colonoscopy in search for colon adenomas. purpose to determine that bright -nbi is superior to wle in detecting colorectal adenomas in average risk subjects undergoing screening colonoscopy.

removal of colorectal adenomas prevents occurrence of cancers \[1\]. it is recognized that colonoscopy can miss colorectal adenomas and early cancers \[2\]. there is a need to further improve performance of colonoscopy. the use of chromo-endoscopy has been shown to improve detection of flat adenomas \[3\]. narrow band imaging was introduced in year 2006. it is similar to chromo-endoscopy in that it provides more mucosal details. this enables endoscopists to accurately describe the pit pattern of adenomas. nbi has been used as a substitute to chromo-endoscopy. in pooled analysis, nbi is comparable to chromo-endoscopy in their sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of malignant colorectal adenomas \[4\]. unfortunately, the use of nbi has not been shown to conclusively improve rate of colorectal adenoma detection. two of 3 randomized trials that compared wle to nbi showed a higher adenoma detection rate with the use of nbi \[5, 6\]. in a study by rex et al., the rate was however similar with either modality. in a pooled analysis, nbi was only marginally better than wle \[4\]. the effective use of nbi depends on the quality of bowel preparation and the experience of endoscopist. in the presence of fecal matters, nbi tends to be dark and detection of small adenomas becomes difficult. the prototype bright nbi coupled with high definition resolution is likely to overcome this drawback of original nbi.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. asymptomatic subjects undergoing screening colonoscopy 2. age \> 40 3. average risk subjects defined as those without a personal history of inflammatory bowel disease, colon adenoma or cancer or family history of familial adenomatous polyposis (fap) or familial non-polyposis syndrome or first degree relatives having diagnosed to have colo-rectal carcinoma 4. no colonoscopy in past 5 years 5. ability to provide a written consent to trial participation exclusion criteria: 1. patient age \< 50 2. patients with prior colorectal surgery 3. pregnant or lactating women 4. colonoscopy done within the past 5 years 5. lack of consent
a clinical study of shr-9539 in patients with multiple myeloma

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Summary: this study is a multicenter, open-label, dose-escalation/dose-expansion clinical phase i trial designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and efficacy profile of shr-9539 injection in patients with multiple myeloma.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age ≥ 18 years on day of signing the informed consent form; 2. have a performance status of 0 or 1 on the eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) performance status scale； 3. documented initial diagnosis of multiple myeloma according to imwg diagnostic criteria ； 4. have a life expectancy of at least 3 months； 5. male and female subjects with fertility must agree to use efficient contraceptive measures with their partners within 3 months after the last administration of the test drug from the time of signing the informed consent form, and have no fertility plan and avoid donating sperm / eggs. the pregnancy test during the screening period must be negative. exclusion criteria: 1. central nervous system (cns) involvement of mm； 2. diagnosis of amyloidosis, plasma cell leukemia, wahl's macroglobulinemia, or poems syndrome; 3. prior grade 3 or higher crs (per astct standards) related to any t cell redirection (eg, cd-3 redirection technology or car-t cell therapy). 4. have other factors that may force the termination of the study, e.g., non-compliance with the protocol, other serious illnesses (including psychiatric illnesses) that require comorbid treatment, serious laboratory abnormalities, associated family or social factors, which would affect the safety of the subjects or the collection of data and samples, as determined by the investigator.
the hemodynamic effects of hypertonic saline preload versus coload measured by non-invasive cardiometry in patients undergoing turp surgery

Conditions: Transurethral Resection of Prostate Syndrome

Summary: this study is designed to investigate the relevance of the timing of hypertonic saline administration either as a preload or as a coload on hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing turp surgeries.

benign prostatic hyperplasia is common in elderly males, and this group of patients is commonly associated with different comorbidities especially of the cardiovascular system , this make them at risk of many intraoperative complications. the associated adverse effects arising in both the cardiovascular and nervous systems are known as transurethral resection (tur) syndrome.therefore turp patients need meticulous monitoring of hemodynamics and fluid therapy. this study is designed to investigate the relevance of the timing of hypertonic saline administration either as a preload or as a coload on hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing turp surgeries. 100 asa physical status i-iii male patients scheduled to electively undergo transurethral resection of the prostate under spinal subarachnoid block were included in this study preload group (group p): 50 patients will receive 4 ml/kg of hypertonic saline (nacl3%) via g14 cannula over 15-20 min before the induction of spinal anaesthesia. co-load group (group c): 50 patients will receive 4 ml/kg of hypertonic saline (nacl3%) via g14 cannula at the maximal possible rate at the time of identification of c.s.f .

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status i - iii. exclusion criteria: * patient refusal. * patient in whom spinal anesthesia is absolutely contraindicated. * known sensitivity to local anesthetics. * preoperative electrolyte imbalance.