Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
study on the mechanism of cognitive impairment in patients with moyamoya disease

Conditions: Moyamoya Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to comprehensively evaluate the risk factors for cognitive decline in patients with moyamoya disease, identify imaging target areas associated with cognitive damage in the brain, and explore the changes in brain structure and functional networks resulting from cerebral revascularization, as well as their relationship with cognitive improvement.

moyamoya disease (mmd) is a chronic occlusive-stenosis cerebrovascular disease that characterized by the stenosis of internal carotid artery termination and the formation of net-like vessel. it is a multifactorial disease caused by genetic, inflammatory, immunological and other environmental factors. the specific pathogenesis of mmd is still unclear. the treatment modalities of revascularization and conservative management have been used in patients with mmd. due to the long-term low perfusion state of brain tissue, most patients with mmd experience varying degrees of cognitive dysfunction, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. we will employ a combination of 256-lead high-density electroencephalography, multimodal magnetic resonance imaging, and biological samples to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the risk factors associated with cognitive decline in patients with mmd. our objectives include identifying target imaging areas indicative of cognitive damage in the brain and exploring the structural and functional changes in the cerebral network resulting from revascularization, as well as their relationship with cognitive improvement.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the admission cerebral angiography (dsa) examination fulfills the diagnostic criteria for moyamoya disease. * please sign the informed consent form. * participants must be between 18 and 60 years of age. exclusion criteria: * patients with concurrent atherosclerosis, autoimmune diseases, meningitis, brain tumors, down syndrome, craniocerebral trauma, prior radioactive head irradiation, or hyperthyroidism, which may result in secondary cerebrovascular lesions leading to symptoms associated with smoke syndrome. * individuals younger than 18 years or older than 60 years. * those with contraindications for magnetic resonance imaging. * patients who are unable to complete cognitive brain assessments

Keywords: cognitive impairment moyamoya disease
prevention of melasma relapse during summertime

Conditions: Melasma

Summary: main objective is to show that a photoprotective sunscreen having a protection against the visible light is more effective than a sunscreen having the same uva and uvb protection but with a low (weak) protection against the visible, to prevent the relapses of the melasma during the summertime.

40 melasma affected women will be included and randomized in two parallel groups (one group protected by a uva+uvb+visible extended sunscreen and one group group protected by a uva+uvb sunscreen). there will be 3 visits: baseline, t2.5months and t5months (final visit). products application frequency: twice daily(morning and afternoon) and additional applications every 2 hours in case of solar exposure. main evaluation criterion: the masi score assessed from standardized photographs (system visia, canfield scientific, usa) at baseline, middle and end of study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * melasma exclusion criteria: * other pigmentary disorders associated (including pih)
a prospective cohort study on change of cognitive function in aged-related hearing loss with hearing aids

Conditions: Age-related Hearing Loss; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural; Hearing Aid; Cognitive Function Abnormal

Summary: background: deafness is one of the nine potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia simulated by the lancet dementia prevention, intervention and care committee in 2017. some studies have found that the risk factors of dementia in deafness system, with the increase of the degree of deafness, the risk of cognitive decline increases, while after long-term wear of hearing aids, the deterioration of immediate and delayed memory is less, and the possibility of cognitive decline slows down. therefore, it is necessary for us to improve the auditory ability of patients with deafness through auditory intervention, so as to slow down its effect on dementia and reduce the incidence of dementia. at present, auditory intervention methods include hearing aid wearing and cochlear implant. however, there are few studies on cognitive function of presbycusis patients in china, and there is no research on how many years of auditory intervention can effectively slow down the incidence of dementia in presbycusis patients with mci. therefore, we intend to conduct a prospective cohort study on the changes of cognitive function of presbycusis under hearing aid intervention.

materials and methods: the unicentric, prospective cohort study included 388 patients with presbycusis aged 60-85 who were recruited in the department of otorhinolaryngology from march 2022 to march 2028. they were averagely divided into the control group (n = 194) and the intervention group (n = 194). the post intervention group received hearing aid intervention, and was followed up for 5 years, once every six months. audiological assessment, cognitive function assessment, noninvasive brain imaging assessment and hearing aid effect assessment were performed at baseline and each follow-up. this thesis aim to investigate the changes of cognitive function in senile deafness under the intervention of hearing aids.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: age\>60yrs，≤85yrs（mci prevalence was 6.7% for ages 60-64, 8.4% for 65-69, 10.1% for 70-74, 14.8% for 75-79,and25.2% for80-84）; sensorineural hearing loss with pure-tone thresholds 25-70 db hl at octave frequencies between 250 and 4000 hz, 4 frequency pta of ≥ 30 db hl, and the pta ≤ 90 db hl; diagnosed as presbycusis; score of 23 or below on mini-mental status exam (mmse); score of 22 or below on montreal cognitive assessment (moca); exclusion criteria: hearing loss exceeding the limits that can be successfully aided with hearing aids (i.e., profound hearing loss); significant history of otologic or neurologic disorders; hearing loss remediated with a cochlear implant (cannot wear hearing aids); any clinically significant unstable or progressive medical condition; any condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, places the participant at unacceptable risk if he or she were to participate in the study.
the diagnostic value of pet/mri in head and neck cancer

Conditions: Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Lymph Node Metastases

Summary: this study investigates the diagnostic value of pet/mri for cervical lymph node metastases from head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.

the danish fast-track cancer program standardizes the work-up of patients suspected of head and neck cancer. currently, the guidelines recommend head and neck magnetic resonance imaging (mri) as the standard imaging modality for assessment of the primary tumor site and potential nodal metastases. however, recent studies have shown advantages in the use of 18f-fdg-pet (pet) combined with computed tomography (ct) due to its superiority in detecting metastases and synchronous cancers. during the last couple of years pet/mri has been introduced. mri is known to provide the highest anatomic detail in the head and neck region, and preliminary studies show promising results. however, the evidence is still very sparse. the purpose of the project is to investigate the diagnostic value of pet/mri in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. the hypothesis is that pet/mri provides a more precise diagnosis of regional lymph node metastases, and thus, make the surgical treatment of the neck more accurate and less invasive resulting in reduced morbidity. the project is designed as a prospective cohort study based on paired data with head-to-head comparison of ct, mri, pet/ct and pet/mri. patients will be included from the head and neck cancer fast-track program at the center of head and neck cancer, odense university hospital (ouh). included patients will be offered pet/mri in addition to the conventional fast-track imaging. the description of the images will be made blinded. when a neck dissection of the lymph nodes is made, the lymph nodes will be separated in defined regions. the diagnostic accuracy of the individual imaging modalities is assessed for each neck level with histology as standard reference.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients either suspected of or with histologically verified: * relapse of head and neck squamous cell cancer with involvement of regional lymph node(s) * cervical lymph node metastasis with unknown primary tumor site * oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma * oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer planned for trans oral robotic surgery exclusion criteria: * patients who cannot have a pet/mri performed for different reasons (allergy, claustrophobia, medical implants) * patients who had surgery, infection or other inflammatory inducing conditions on the neck within the last 8 weeks

Keywords: positron-emission-tomography/magnetic resonance imaging pet/mri cancer staging
southeastern diabetes initiative clinical intervention

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: the purpose of the southeastern diabetes initiative clinical intervention is to augment existing standard of care in an effort to (1) improve population level diabetes management, health outcomes and quality of life for diagnosed and undiagnosed adults living with type 2 diabetes mellitus, (2) reduce disparities in diabetes management, health outcomes and quality of life for adults living with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and (3) reduce healthcare costs associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

clinical care will be delivered by a multidisciplinary team including (but not limited to) an physician, nurse practitioner, dietician, pharmacist, licensed clinical social worker (lcsw), case manager, health educator and a community health worker. care will be delivered in community settings including home visits and community based clinics. with the exception of specific surveys (listed in the study intervention section) all data are being collected for the purpose of delivery of standard preventive care and clinical care. the population group will include patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus in four southern united states counties, meeting certain inclusion criteria, and deemed "high risk" as determined by a set of standard criteria or a risk algorithm run on secondary data. the investigators plan to characterize patients diagnosed or at risk for diabetes mellitus, and allow more detailed knowledge of their health than is provided by standard public health data. the investigators will use descriptive, parametric and non-parametric statistics to describe baseline characteristics (demographics and clinical measures of disease severity) of the sample and will compare responders and dropouts on independent and dependent variables, report any significant differences, and include this in the interpretation of results.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults \>=18yrs * diagnosis of type 2 diabetes * reside in durham county, nc, cabarrus county, nc, quitman county, ms or mingo county, wv or the neighboring areas and receive the majority of their healthcare in the four listed counties. * have capacity to give consent (or have a surrogate legally authorized representative or caregiver provide consent on their behalf). * defined as high risk by the risk algorithm or their primary care clinician. * referral from the primary care clinician or patient's medical home if one has been designated. exclusion criteria: * lack capacity to make decisions and do not have a surrogate with authority to make health care decisions. * have a terminal illness with a life expectancy of 6 months or less * diagnosis of type 1 diabetes or gestational diabetes * currently pregnant (confirmed via self-report and/or medical record)

Keywords: diabetes mellitus type 2 standard of care quality of life disease management
a comparison of the estimates of fuwai and reynolds risk model

Conditions: Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke

Summary: there are many risk prediction models. and their estimates are different. this study aimed to investigate the differences between the estimates of fuwai and reynolds risk model in chinese, and investigate the reason for the differences.

the participants will examined for cardiovascular risk factors, and their cardiovascular risks will be calculated based on the values of the risk factors using cardiovascular risk models. the estimates of different risk models will be compared, and the levels of traditional risk factors will be adjusted in order to evaluate the impacts of uncommon risk factors such as social and genetic risk factors.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: adults - exclusion criteria: with coronary heart disease -
ir, inflammatory and cardiovascular markers in pcos among obese and non-obese women

Conditions: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome,; Insulin Resistance,

Summary: fpcos is associated with an adverse cardiometabolic profile, consisting of increased total or central adiposity, increased insulin resistance and abnormal glucose metabolism. low-grade chronic inflammation predicts cardiovascular outcomes and is observed in women with pcos. however, obesity is also associated with increased inflammatory markers. obesity is per se associated with increased adipose expression and plasma levels of leptin, lower expression of adiponectin, and elevated inflammatory markers. to study the insulin resistance、inflammatory markers and cardiovascular risk in women with pcos, body weight status should be considered. investigator therefore conduct this retrospective study to evaluate the insulin resistance、inflammatory and cardiovascular markers between pcos and non-pcos among obese and non-obese women.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women had been fulfilled with whole anthropometric measurements, clinic and biochemical survey about insulin resistance, cardiovascular and inflammatory markers. exclusion criteria: * women who had been diagnosed with malignant tumor, asherman's syndrome, mullerian agenesis, ovarian failure, hyperprolactinemia, and chromosomal anomalies; * women who had had menarche less than 1 years before evaluation or who were older than 49; * women who received hormones or drugs for major medical diseases within three months.
registry of amyloid positive patients for alzheimer's disease drug research trials

Conditions: Alzheimer Disease; Cognition Disorders

Summary: this registry will be used to identify patients who have etiology diagnosed or suspected to be alzheimer's disease and positive amyloid scans, and have indicated their interest in being contacted for an eli lilly and company (lilly) alzheimer's disease drug research trial.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female patients ≥ 50 years of age at the time of consent; * patients who have objectively verified cognitive impairment and etiology diagnosed or suspected to be alzheimer's disease; * patients who are willing to make available to avid a positive amyloid scan, or if an amyloid scan is not available, are willing to undergo amyloid scanning via the florbetapir f 18 pet scan addendum; * patients who are willing to be contacted for possible participation in lilly drug research trials targeting alzheimer's disease; * patients who give informed consent or have a legally authorized representative (lar) to consent for enrollment; and * patients who have a partner (informant) who is willing to participate as a source of information and has at least weekly contact with the patient (contact can be inperson, via telephone or electronic communication). the informant must have sufficient contact such that the referring physician feels the informant can provide meaningful information about the patient. exclusion criteria: * patients who have a mini mental state examination (mmse) score of \< 16; * patients who have an amyloid-negative pet scan (either a historical scan or scan via the florbetapir f 18 pet scan addendum); * patients who have serious or unstable medical conditions that would exclude completion of all procedures and data collection for the registry, or would be likely to preclude participation in a drug research trial; * patients who are currently participating in a clinical trial with an investigational agent; or * patients who, in the opinion of the physician, are otherwise unsuitable for this registry.
effect of electro-acupuncture on blood pressure

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: based on previous published research in animals and human, the investigators hypothesize that electroacupuncture (ea) will have a positive effect on hypertension.

the purpose of this study is to prove: (1) hypertensive response at rest and provoked by stress are decreased by ea; (2) the mechanisms of ea that reduces elevated blood pressure. ea inhibits the sympathetic nervous system, decreases blood pressure and reduces the oxygen demand. our prior data in animals shows that improvements in cardiovascular function during myocardial ischemia, reflex hypertension and sustained hypertension are mediated by an ea-induced sensory neural reflex originating in somatic nerves to reduce sympathetic nerve activity. the specific aims of the present study will allow us to better understand and modulate the sympathetic nervous discharge activity that can cause hypertension during normal activity and stress in humans. the potential clinical application is the therapeutic value of ea in patients with hypertension. furthermore, the study will also investigate gender differences in the blood pressure lowering effect of ea. in particular in middle-aged hypertensive women and men.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with mild coronary disease, and no significant ecg change reflecting ischemia at rest. * patients with high blood pressure with or without antihypertensive medication. exclusion criteria: * pregnant or nursing women * individuals with severe coronary disease (continuous angina) * conduction abnormalities on ecg consistent with left bundle branch block * cardiac arrhythmias associated with low blood pressure (90 mmhg) * peripheral vascular disease * orthopedic disease * diabetic or psychological illness that could interfere with safe performance of exercise of psychophysiological stress testing * those with known sensitivity to topical preparations or strong reactions to medical dressings and skin tapes

Keywords: hypertension blood pressure mild to moderate hypertension
therapeutic conflicts and multimorbidity

Conditions: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Diabetes Complications; Multimorbidity

Summary: clinical practice guidelines do not take into account multimorbidity and various potential therapeutic conflicts. identifying and quantifying therapeutic conflicts is crucial in multimorbid patients having more than two acute or chronic diseases. guidance should be available for frequent encountered situations, e.g. gastrointestinal bleeding or exacerbation of diabetes mellitus.

the study investigates multimorbidity in view of the occurrence of two different therapeutic conflicts or dilemma situations, respectively. the first concerns patients with diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding and prescription of anticoagulants or/and antiplatelet drugs (e.g., warfarin, clopidogrel and acetylsalicylic acid) as a risk factor for bleeding events. the second concerns patients with diagnosis of exacerbated diabetes mellitus and prescription of corticosteroids as a risk factor for worsening of blood glucose.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * inpatients at the university hospital zurich, usz * male and female patients, aged 18 years or older * fulfilling the criteria for use case a or b (i.e. patients with gastrointestinal bleeding and anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs, use case a or patients with diabetes mellitus and/or systemic corticosteroids, use case b) exclusion criteria: * if potential participants have a statement in the electronic medical record or elsewhere to refuse study participation, this represents exclusion criteria.

Keywords: multimorbidity multiple chronic conditions drug-drug interactions drug-disease interactions polypharmacy oral anticoagulants steroids
teclistamab expanded access treatment protocol for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma patients

Conditions: Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Summary: the purpose of this expanded access treatment protocol is to provide patients access to teclistamab prior to market authorization. the program is limited to patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma who have exhausted all treatment options available as local standard of care and who are not eligible for a teclistamab clinical trial.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient diagnosed with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma * patient exhausted all commercially approved and clinically appropriate (not patient or physician preference) treatment options, and is ineligible for a clinical trial
investigation of macular pigment augmentation on dark adaptation

Conditions: Aging; Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Summary: the study will evaluate whether taking a nutritional supplement designed to increase macular pigment in the eye can improve a person's ability to adjust to darkness. patients will be assigned to take either a placebo or nutritional supplement for 8 months. vision will be assessed at baseline, 4 months, and 8 months.

the study design is a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled intervention study that will evaluate whether macular pigment augmentation improves the speed of dark adaptation. two groups of participants will be enrolled, old adults with normal vision and early age-related macular degeneration patients. macular pigment will be augmented using eyepromise restore (zeavision, inc). eyepromise restore is a nutritional supplement that has been found to increase macular pigment levels in some users. macular pigment level and the speed of dark adaptation (how fast a person adjusts to the dark) will be assessed at baseline, 4-months, and 8-months. fundus appearance will be assessed at baseline and 8-months follow-up.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 60 to 80 years old * \< +- 4.00 diopters spherical equivalent * normal eye health or early age-related macular degeneration exclusion criteria: * neurological conditions that can impair vision * diabetes

Keywords: aging age-related macular degeneration macular pigment dark adaptation