Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effect of mouth breathing on exercise induced bronchoconstriction.

Conditions: Asthma in Children

Summary: introduction: exercise induced bronchoconstriction (eib) is a common finding in the pediatric population with and without asthma. eib is suspected with a drop of 10-15% in forced expiratory volume in the 1st second (fev1) during exercise challenge test (ect). some researchers assume that oral breathing, in several mechanisms, increase hyper-responsiveness of the airways. aim: asses the effect of a nose clip and allergic rhinitis in eib. hypothesis: the use of a nose clip in exercise challenges will increase the rate of positive tests. however, we assume that children with symptomatic allergic rhinitis will not demonstrate similar trends. methods: a prospective, single center cohort study in a pediatric pulmonology institute, at ruth's children hospital, rambam medical center, haifa, israel. children referred for ect will be registered to the study and will be evaluated in two separate visits. visit 1 - ect with a nose clip and visit 2 - ect without a nose clip. demographic and clinical data and measurements of serial vital signs, exercise data and lung functions will be taken, as well as total nasal symptoms score (tnss) and asthma control test (act) questionnaires.

introduction: exercise induced bronchoconstriction (eib) is a common finding in the pediatric population with and without asthma. eib is evaluated with serial measurements of lung functions during exercise protocol. eib is suspected with a drop of 10-15% in forced expiratory volume in the 1st second (fev1) during exercise challenge test (ect). some researchers assume that oral breathing, in several mechanisms, increase hyper-responsiveness of the airways. aim: asses the effect of a nose clip and allergic rhinitis in exercise induced bronchoconstriction. hypothesis: the use of a nose clip in exercise challenges will increase the rate of positive tests. however, we assume that children with symptomatic allergic rhinitis will not demonstrate similar trends. methods: a prospective, single center cohort study in a pediatric pulmonology institute, at ruth's children hospital, rambam medical center, haifa, israel, during 2020-2021. children referred for ect will be registered to the study after signing an informed consent and will be evaluated in two separate visits. visit 1 - ect with a nose clip and visit 2 - ect without a nose clip. ect will be conducted according to the institute protocol, based on american thoracic society (ats) guidelines. demographic and clinical data and measurements of serial vital signs, exercise data and lung functions will be taken, as well as total nasal symptoms score (tnss) and asthma control test (act) questionnaires.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * exercise challenge test as part of exercise induced asthma evaluation. * age 6-18 years. exclusion criteria: * other chronic lung disease * significant background illness * severe asthma exacerbation or systemic steroids - last 2 months * persistent use of inhaled steroids - last 2 weeks * use of short acting bronchodilators - last 24 hours.
evaluation of the s3 guideline on avoidance of perioperative hypothermia - already a standard or wishful thinking?

Conditions: Hypothermia; Perioperative/Postoperative Complications; Hypothermia Following Anesthesia

Summary: perioperative hypothermia is a common problem in today´s surgical and anesthesiological patient care and is associated with many adverse events. the intention of this study was to evaluate the current s3 guideline on the avoidance of perioperative hypothermia concerning it´s implementation in the clinical routine.

perioperative hypothermia is a common problem in today´s surgical and anesthesiological patient care and is associated with many adverse events such as impaired coagulation, increased risk for wound infections and patient discomfort among others. the intention of this study was to evaluate the current s3 guideline on the avoidance of perioperative hypothermia published in 2014 concerning it´s implementation in the clinical routine. in a first phase the current status should be recorded. if this reveals an inappropriate high incidence of perioperative hypothermia training arrangements shall be taken for non-physician personnel in the pacu in a 2nd phase of the project. the third phase is intended to evaluate the effect of the training arrangements on the incidence of hypothermia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients ≥ 18 years undergoing elective surgery admitted to the pacu exclusion criteria: * patients \< 18 years * emergency surgery

Keywords: hypothermia
modifying unconscious tongue movements in adults with developmental stammer.

Conditions: Stammering

Summary: this is a pilot randomised controlled trial investigating whether using modification of saccadic eye movements can control lateral unconscious tongue positioning and enhance fluency in adults with a confirmed developmental stammer. this study is being conducted as part of an msc by research qualification at the institute of technology sligo in ireland with a view to extending to phd. the setting is home setting with all assessments either taking place at home via video link or in the institute. the study is being conducted in conjunction with the community speech and language therapist and has attained ethical approval through sligo university hospital (suh) ethics committee.

participants will be assessed for stammering severity either on line via video link or in the institute of technology sligo health science \& exercise physiology lab (b2004) at three time points: before intervention, after a five-week trial period and three months post completion. participants will complete two assessments at each time to cater for "off" days. participants will be required to practice quick eye movements at the start of words / syllables where dysfluencies are predicted for 10 minutes twice a day for the treatment period. training in eye movement (saccade) modification will occur following the initial assessment in it sligo, or video link. participants will be assigned to one of two treatment arms. an experimental arm, and a control (placebo) arm. all participants will be assessed regarding their premonitory awareness of anticipated dysfluencies both before training and at the three month based on advice from community speech and language manager (ms sinead carthy), participants will voice/video message the principle investigator once per week for this five-week period to confirm compliance.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults age \> 18 years. * a diagnosis of confirmed developmental stammer from salt characterized by stammering on ≥ 3% of syllables. * a proficiency in the english language. * no diagnosis of any emotional, behavioural, learning or neurological disorder. * cognitive ability to take part. * have previously completed a course of outpatient treatment for confirmed developmental stammer. exclusion criteria: * younger than 18 years. * not having completed a traditional intervention for stammer. * this research is not intended to replace current interventions but provide additional possibilities for those adults who have completed a standard programme of intervention and their developmental stammer still persists and a rate of ≥ 3% of syllables

Keywords: neuroplasticity eye saccades unconscious tongue movement
impact of diet and nutrition on growth and development in young children

Conditions: Nutrition; Growth; Development; Stunting; Wasting; Obesity; Child Development

Summary: the association between nutrition in early life and its long-term health consequences has long been known. however, there is a scarcity of scientific evidence on how nutritional status affects child growth and development in remote, rural agro-pastoral communities with distinct dietary intake habits, geographical location, socio-economic status, and cultures.

childhood malnutrition is endemic in pakistan. however, the agro-pastoral communities of pakistan are at particularly high risk of childhood malnutrition due to low socioeconomic status, hard-to-reach geographic locations, harsh weather, and frequent natural disasters due to rapid climate change. furthermore, distinct dietary habits and cultures may also influence child nutritional status and health and development in these communities. the present study aims to assess the dietary intake/patterns, nutritional status, and their association with the growth and development of children from remote, agro-pastoral communities of district swat, pakistan. in this prospective cohort study from pakistan, infants and young children (n=416) aged ≤ 2 years and residing in agro-pastoral communities of district swat will be recruited and followed every 12 months for 5 years. an age and gender-matched comparison group of children (n=416) will also be recruited from the more urban areas of district swat. data on household socio-economic status, household food insecurity access scale (hfias), minimum dietary diversity (mdd) of mothers, infant and young child feeding practices (iycf), complimentary feeding and eating practices, and growth and development of the children will be assessed from baseline and every 12 months till the child is 5 years old. anthropometric assessment including height, weight, mid-upper arm circumference (muac), and bmi will also be performed at each time point.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * households living in the area from the last two 2 years. * households having infants or young children ≤ years. * households planning to reside in the same area for the next 1 year. exclusion criteria: * children with any co-existent systemic diseases, confirmed from medical records. * children on continuous medications for any medical issue. * physically or mentally handicapped children

Keywords: nutritional status malnutrition growth cognitive development anthropometry agropastoral remote rural urban
family disclosure in cascade testing

Conditions: Genetic Predisposition

Summary: prospective cohort study to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of using standardized educational and communication tools to assist in communication of genetic test results to family members. a pre and post test will be administered to consented patients before and after genetic counseling .

this will be a prospective cohort study to evaluate 1) the feasibility and acceptability of using standardized educational and communication tools to assist in communication of genetic test results to family members, 2) utility of the communication tool, and 3) the impact of a patient focused information sheet on the knowledge of genetic testing in women who attend the women's oncology clinic. genetic counseling is recommended for all women with a diagnosis of ovarian cancer, most patients with pre-menopausal diagnosis of breast cancer, and in younger women with uterine or other gynecologic malignancies. women with a diagnosis of breast or gynecologic cancer who elect to undergo genetic testing will be approached to participate in this study. if they consent, they will be provided with two information handouts (force sharing worksheets) and family letter template. participants will complete a baseline knowledge survey prior to receipt of these materials. at a second visit, they will complete the knowledge survey again. knowledge surveys will be scored and pre and post test scores will be compared with a paired t-test. feasibility will be assessed by tracking the number of patients approached to participate, the number who sign consents, and the number who complete the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥ 18 * diagnosis of breast or gynecologic cancer * undergoing any genetic testing at uva for standard clinical purposes in the women's oncology clinic exclusion criteria: * not receiving treatment at uva * not english literate * unable to provide consent * known pregnancy (self-reported)

Keywords: genetic testing cascade family disclosure
animal-assisted therapy for children and adolescents with chronic pain

Conditions: Chronic Pain

Summary: chronic pain is highly prevalent in children and adolescents, up to one in four children will develop pain that persists or recurs for three or more months. chronic pain is not only linked to significant psychological, physical, and social concerns for affected children and their families, but also places an enormous burden on healthcare systems - in the united states, chronic pain costs around $19.5 billion dollars each year and ranks among the most expensive pediatric health problems. chronic pain significantly decreases quality of life and is associated with numerous missing days at school or at work. several interventions exist, however, for some, the risk-benefit profile is not favorable, or the effect sizes are small and the clinical effect can be questioned. in general, a multidisciplinary approach that includes medical, psychological, and physiological aspects has been shown to be most promising in the treatment of chronic pain in children and adolescents. clinical impressions suggest that an animal-assisted therapy (aat) intervention could be promising, but to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the effectiveness of an aat intervention for children and adolescents with chronic pain. with this pragmatic trials investigators aim to investigate the pre- and post-intervention differences in pain levels, levels of emotional distress, and quality of life within participants with chronic pain.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children and adolescents aged 8-15 years * suffering from chronic pain (i.e., persistent or recurrent pain for 3 or more months, associated with significant emotional distress or functional limitations) * willing to work with therapy animals * fluent in german * willingness to participate exclusion criteria: * children younger than 7 years or adolescents older than 16 years of age * acute pain * allergy to animals aversion against animals
altering bone microarchitecture and mechanics by off-label pharmaceutical intervention following an acute knee injury

Conditions: Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; Osteo Arthritis Knee

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess if a zoledronic acid injection can alter the trajectory of joint degeneration following an acute anterior cruciate ligament (acl) injury.

after being informed about the study and potential risks and all participants giving written informed consent, this project will establish a cohort of young men and women who within six weeks have sustained an acute rupture of the acl. the cohort is randomized into a control and treatment group, where the treatment group receives a zoledronic acid injection at baseline. the cohort will be followed radiographically with high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (hr-pqct), dual-energy computed tomography (dect), digital radiography (x-ray), bi-planar x-ray (eos) and magnetic resonance imaging (mri) for eighteen months to monitor the progression of joint changes and the effects of zoledronic acid.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical evidence of an acute unilateral acl tear (full-thickness, complete tear) will be recruited. this age range is chosen to ensure participants have fully developed adult bone structures and to exclude participants with menopause as this could affect study results. * participants with combined ligament deficiencies (posterior cruciate, medial and/or lateral collateral) or meniscal injury will be included. participants must be able to fully extend the knee while supported at the time of the baseline measurement in order to conduct the hr-pqct scan. * participants with a serum calcium level in the normal range (2.1-2.55 mmol/l) and a creatinine level above 50 (reported as egfr) will be included. exclusion criteria: * individuals with contraindications to zoledronic acid (see below) * prior knee ligament and/or meniscus tears, and/or intra-articular fractures. * females who are pregnant or planning pregnancy within a year will not be eligible. the research team will recommend participants who are planning to become pregnant within the next five years to withdraw their participation. * individuals with knees larger than the ct scanner's circular field of view. * individuals with a history of disease and/or treatment affecting bone turnover in the past 12 months. * individuals with injuries or implants that are not mri-safe. zoledronic acid is contraindicated for: * patients who are hypersensitive to this drug or to any ingredient in the formulation, or to any bisphosphonates or component of the container. * severe renal impairment with creatinine clearance \<35 ml/min and in those with evidence of acute renal impairment. for this study, participants with a creatinine clearance \<50 ml/min may be excluded. * non-corrected hypocalcaemia at the time of infusion. * pregnant and nursing mothers. * patients who are already taking another bisphosphonate (ex. for osteoporosis).

Keywords: acl tear acl acl rupture acl injury osteo arthritis
the effect of gluten-free diet on new onset type 1 diabetes (t1d)

Conditions: Type 1 Diabetes

Summary: the primary aim of this pilot study is to test whether gluten-free diet (gfd) instituted in children shortly after onset of type 1 diabetes (t1d) can decelerate the decline in beta cell function as compared to age matched controls. primary objective of the trial is the change in c-peptide area under the curve measured by mixed-meal tolerance test (mmtt) between group on gfd and standard gluten-containing diet. secondary objectives are: * changes in immune parameters between gluten-free diet group and control group; * differences in fecal microbiome between children on normal diet and children on gfd;


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * type 1 diabetes (t1d) diagnosed according to the american diabetes association criteria exclusion criteria: * negativity of the three diabetes-related autoantibodies at t1d onset; * negativity of celiac-disease high risk human leucocyte antigen dqb1 (hla-dqb1) and human leucocyte antigen dqa1 (hla-dqa1) genotype hla-dqb1\*03:02-dqa1\*03 nor dqb1\*02-dqa1\*05 molecules; * celiac disease or positive transglutaminase antibody test; * body mass index over two standard deviations of the age and height standard; * any concomitant disease potentially influencing immune response or gluten sensitivity
effector and memory immune responses to hpv vaccination in vietnamese women post virus exposure

Conditions: HPV Infection; Cervical Cancer; Anogenital Cancer; Anogenital Warts

Summary: a study to evaluate if the 3 dose extended schedule (0-6-18 months) for the hpv vaccine gardasil-9 provide similar immune responses and short term protection against hpv infection compared to the regular 3 dose schedule (0-2-6 months) in high risk women in vietnam

primary objective: to determine whether antibody geometric mean titer (gmt) to vaccine type hpv16 and hpv18 at 7 months (m) are non-inferior between female sex workers (fsw) aged 18-26 years who received the standard (0, 2m, 6m) and those received the extended 3-dose (at 0, 6m and 18m) 9vhpv schedule and age-matched non-fsw who received an extended 3-dose (at 0, 6m and 18m) 9vhpv schedule. this extended 3-dose schedule is in line with the recommended schedule by the vaccine manufacturer in vietnam. secondary objectives: 1. to compare antibody gmt at 2m, 7m, 18m and 19m between fsw who are hpv dna+/seropositive with fsw who are hpv dna-/seronegative at baseline. 2. to compare antibody gmt at 18m and 19m between fsw and non-fsw. 3. to determine cellular immune responses to hpv16 and 18 at baseline, 2m, 7m, 18m and 19m. 4. to measure incidence and 6m/12m/18m persistent hpv infection. primary hypothesis: hpv antibody gmt to hpv16 and 18 in fsw is non-inferior to those of young women of the same age group (non-fsw) at 7m. secondary hypothesis: 1. hpv antibody gmt are similar at 2m, 7m, 18m and 19m between fsw who are hpv dna+/seropositive and hpv dna-/seronegative at month 0. 2. hpv antibody gmt are similar at 18m and 19m between fsw and non-fsw who received the extended schedule. 3. cellular immune responses to hpv16 and 18 are similar between fsw and non-fsw at 2m, 7m, 18m and 19m who received the extended schedule. 4. no new vaccine-type hpv infection in fsw and non-fsw in all groups at 6m, 12m, 18m.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * is between the reporting ages of 18-26 years at the time of recruitment. * engage in commercial sex in the last 6m (for fsw group) or have engaged in sexual activity (non-fsws) * willing and able to give written informed consent. * willing to complete the follow-up requirements of the study. exclusion criteria participants meeting any of the following criteria will be excluded from the trial: * pregnant or possibly pregnant * has received any hpv vaccine previously * has an axillary temperate greater than 38°c * known allergies to any vaccine component * incapacity to provide consent * currently receiving immunosuppressive medication or anti-cancer chemotherapy. * known hiv infection. * known congenital immune deficiency syndrome.

Keywords: human papillomavirus hpv vaccine vietnam female sex workers immunogenicity protection extended schedule hpv infection cervical cancer