Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
treatment outcome between mycobacterium abscessus infection in chronic lung disease and acquired interferon-gamma autoantibody syndrome

Conditions: Mycobacterium Abscessus Infection; Adult-Onset Immunodeficiency With Acquired Anti-Interferon-Gamma Autoantibodies; Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Infection

Summary: the treatment outcome of mycobacterium abscessus infection in acquired interferon-gamma autoantibody syndrome has not been well studied. investigators will perform a retrospective and prospective cohort study to determine the treatment outcome of mycobacterium abscessus infection in patients with acquired interferon-gamma autoantibody syndrome compared with the infection in patients with chronic lung disease which is known to be the most common group of infection and have high rates of treatment failure. investigators hypothesized that mycobacterium abscessus infection in acquired interferon-gamma autoantibody syndrome has better outcome than infection in chronic lung disease.

the single center, retrospective and prospective cohort study including the patients, aged 18 years and over, with acquired interferon-gamma autoantibody syndrome or chronic lung disease diagnosed with m. abscessus infection in the tertiary hospital of thailand from january 2014 to june 2023 will be perform. the enrolled m. abscessus infected patients will be divided into two groups which are acquired interferon-gamma autoantibody syndrome group and chronic lung disease group. the subjects' medical record will be reviewed for demographic data, underlying diseases, clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory and radiological investigation results, diagnosis, treatment that the patients received, clinical events during the treatment. the treatment outcome will be determined as unfavorable or favorable by present or absent of unfavorable events, settled by the investigators, within 1 years after the treatment. the treatment outcome and other secondary outcomes between the two groups will then be compared and analysed with chi-squared test for categorical variables and two-sample t-test for continuous variables.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 18 years or over * diagnosed with mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary disease in chronic lung disease or mycobacterium abscessus infection in acquired interferon-gamma autoantibody syndrome * receive appropriate treatment exclusion criteria: * follow up time less than one year after the start of appropriate treatment * very incomplete medical record that the subject's history cannot be reviewed * appropriate treatment duration less than one year at the study completion

Keywords: mycobacterium abscessus infection adult-onset immunodeficiency with acquired anti-interferon-gamma autoantibodies nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infection
analyzing patient flows at the emergency department by data analytics, simulation, and optimization

Conditions: Emergency Patients

Summary: in this project, investigators apply operations research techniques, more specifically data analytics, system simulation, mathematical modelling, and optimization, for analyzing and improving operations in the emergency department at the prince of wales hospital. the long term goals of this project are to demonstrate that integrated approach of data analytics and systems thinking is beneficial to health service planning and to extend present work to applications in other health-service systems.

design and subjects the current study requires time stamps for which patients start and end activities in the department. personally identifiable information is not needed in this study. investigators will collect the data from the computer system of the department. the data will be used for data analysis and the development of simulation and optimization models. with current models, investigators investigate the effects of queueing policies, study workforce planning, and conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis for strategic planning. study instruments data analytics tools and simulation and optimization softwares are needed in this research. interventions with simulation and optimization models, investigators examine the impacts of different operational strategies on the performance of the emergency department. the computational experiments will not disturb the actual operations but will provide insights into the effectiveness of the various intervention policies. main outcome measures investigators will derive insights from computational experiments and deliver useful recommendations for managing emergency department operations in hong kong.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all the patients attended to the emergency department of prince of wales hospital in the period of july 2017 to june 2018 will be included in this study. exclusion criteria: * no patient will be excluded in this study

Keywords: emergency department simulation patient flows
evaluation of a high protein, high calorie pudding in adults with/or at risk for malnutrition

Conditions: Gastrointestinal Tolerance

Summary: this is a multi-center, prospective, non-randomized, non-blinded, single-arm, single treatment study to evaluate the tolerance of a nutritional pudding.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject has voluntarily signed and dated an icf approved by an iec, and provided applicable privacy authorization prior to any participation * subject is considered by a dietitian or clinician as malnourished or at risk for malnutrition based on current use of an oral nutritional supplement (ons), recently identified as malnourished or at risk of malnutrition based on validated malnutrition screening tool or has had weight loss within last two months as a result of a hospitalization or chronic illness * subject currently has normal gi function * subject requires ons and is willing to comply with the study protocol exclusion criteria: * subject has severe dementia or delirium, eating disorder, history of significant neurological or psychiatric disorder affecting abilities to answer questions, alcoholism, substance abuse or other conditions that may interfere with study product consumption or compliance with study protocol procedures * subject had a history of diabetes as evidenced by taking antihyperglycemic medications or by self-reported dietary modification * subject is currently taking or has taken antibiotics within 1 week prior to enrollment * subject has undergone major gi surgery less than 3 months prior to enrollment in the study * subject has current active malignant disease or was treated within the last 6 months for cancer, except basal or squamous cell skin carcinoma, prior to enrollment * subject has an immunodeficiency disorder * subject has had a myocardial infarction within the last 3 months prior to enrollment * subject is known to be allergic or intolerant to any ingredient found in the study product * subject has an aversion to any of the flavours of product being tested * subject has an obstruction of the gi tract precluding ingestion or absorption of the study product, inflammatory bowel disease, gastric esophageal reflux disease, short bowel syndrome, or other major gastrointestinal disease-causing symptoms including (but not limited to) uncontrollable severe diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting * subject is currently taking medications/dietary supplements/substances that could profoundly modulate metabolism or affect gastrointestinal motility * participation in another study that has not been approved as a concomitant study * subject has a clinical condition that is contraindicated with this product as determined by the clinician in accordance with standard of care * subject is pregnant
the effect of latent tuberculosis infection on the pregnancy outcome of ivf-et

Conditions: Infertility; Tuberculosis

Summary: this study evaluate the effect of latent infection of tuberculosis on the pregnancy outcome of ivf-et in infertile patients with radiographic lesions suggesting old healed tuberculosis

china is one of the countries with high burden of tuberculosis (tb) defined by who. ivf-et is an effective method to treat infertility. chest x-ray is a routine examination before ivf-et, which can exclude active tuberculosis. however, for patients with chest x-ray showing old healed tuberculosis, the relationship between latent tuberculosis infection (ltbi) and pregnancy outcomes is unknown. in this study, a prospective cohort study was carried out in infertile women who were planning to receive ivf-et. igra were tested in patients with old tuberculosis in chest x-ray. a cohort of igra positive and igra negative was constructed. the pregnancy outcomes were followed up prospectively and the relationship between latent infection of tuberculosis and pregnancy outcomes was analyzed. the primary outcome was clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate and live birth rate. secondary outcomes were tuberculosis reactivation during pregnancy period and in 3 months after delivery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the patients who referred to the reproductive center for ivf-et * chest radiography showed old healed tuberculosis exclusion criteria: * active tuberculosis

Keywords: infertility ivf-et old tuberculosis pregnancy outcome latent tuberculosis infection
coronary drug project mortality surveillance

Conditions: Cardiovascular Diseases; Coronary Disease; Heart Diseases; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardial Ischemia

Summary: to determine whether there were any long term sequelae of the drugs used in the coronary drug project (estrogens, dextrothyroxine, nicotinic acid, clofibrate).

background: three of the cdp treatments (two doses of estrogen and dextrothyroxine) were stopped prematurely because of toxicity. at the time the treatments were stopped, it was thought that future assessment of the status of patients on those treatments would be important to evaluate long-term sequellae. another clinical trial evaluating clofibrate for primary prevention found that more patients on that treatment than on placebo had died. this effect persisted even after the treatment was stopped. therefore, it was considered necessary to follow the cdp patients on clofibrate. of the original 834l patients, about 6000 were still alive in march l975. cause-specific mortality in those patients was assessed through march l980. design narrative: the vital status of the subjects known to be alive at the end of the cdp in march l975 was assessed as of march l980. this was accomplished through questioning the local investigators, letters to the subjects, and by use of social security administration and national death index records. the study completion date listed in this record was obtained from the query/view/report (qvr) system.

Eligibility criteria:
no eligibility criteria
efficacy and security of annual and biennial zoledronic acid for osteoporosis treatment in an hiv-infected patients' cohort

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: the purpose of this project is to determine the incidence of osteoporosis in the investigators' population of hiv-infected patients and to assess the efficacy and security of zoledronic acid, whose efficacy in post-menopausal women with high fracture risk treatment and in paget's disease treatment has already been demonstrated.

the lower bone mineral density that has been described in patients with hiv-infection has not meant an increase of long term complications. nevertheless, it could involve an increase if the associated co-morbidity in the future, taking in care that in general population osteoporosis increases 4 times the pathologic fracture risk. that is why it is necessary to know the real prevalence of osteoporosis in this population of patients so the real dimensions of the problems can be defined. this project wills to determine the incidence of osteoporosis in our population of hiv-infected patients and to assess the efficacy and security of zoledronic acid. if the annual use of endovenous zoledronic acid obtains equivalent results to those obtained with oral and weekly alendronate in other studies with the same population, its use would be justified because of its posology benefits. the annual administration can improve compliance in patients who are receiving a big quantity of drugs, as hiv-infected patients do, and who probably have to be treated for life. moreover, its elimination is renal so there is absence of interactions with antiretroviral drugs what makes of zoledronic acid a very promising alternative. finally, there is no risk of digestive intolerance because of its parenteral administration and it has a better posology than oral bisphosphonates.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. 18 years old or older. 2. documented hiv-1 infection, with or without antiretroviral treatment. 3. presence of who osteoporosis criteria, defined as t-score under -2.5 in lumbar, hip and/or trochanter (dexa in the last 6 months is needed). 4. willing to follow the study protocol. 5. informed consent signature. exclusion criteria: 1. in women, pregnancy or breastfeeding. 2. other possible causes of secondary osteoporosis. 3. creatinine over 2.3 mg/ml. 4. glomerular filter less than 50 ml/min (estimated through mdrd). 5. treatment for osteoporosis in the last 4 months.

Keywords: osteoporosis hiv infection bisphosphonates zoledronic acid
possible role of gingival crevicular fluid levels of chemerin and fibroblast growth factor 21 as biomarkers of periodontal disease in diabetic and non-diabetic patients

Conditions: Periodontal Disease (Diagnosis); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: the current study aims to spot the light on the possible role of gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) level of chemerin and fgf21 to study their potential role as biomarkers of periodontal disease and to understand their role in the link between periodontitis and diabetes . the study will be conducted on three groups; group (a) include fifteen controlled t2 dm patients suffering from periodontitis, group (b) include fifteen patients suffering from periodontitis alone, and group c) include fifteen periodontally and medically healthy individuals. gcf samples will be collected from all participants for assessment of chemerin and fgf 21. samples will be analysed using elisa technique.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age range between 35 and 60 years * a minimum of 20 natural teeth. * type 2dm patients exhibiting hba1c 6-8% and fpg ≥126 mg/dl for more than one year who did not complain of any systemic diseases other than t2dm * periodontitis patients with moderate to severe periodontitis having gingival index gi ≥ 1, probing depth pd ≥ 5, and clinical attachment level cal ≥ 4 mm, and bone loss affecting \> 30% of existing teeth on clinical/radiographic examination exclusion criteria * uncontrolled diabetes mellitus * systemic diseases which may affect the biomarkers levels and the periodontal conditions. * exposure to steroid therapies, radiation/immune-suppressive therapies. * allergic reaction to any kind of drug. * smoking over the past 5 years. * periapical pathologies. * exposure to mechanical forces as a result of occlusion/ orthodontics. * history of periodontal or drug therapies within the previous 6 months.
postpartum outcomes in bc

Conditions: Morbidity;Perinatal; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Related

Summary: for every case of maternal death, many more women experience life-threatening complications during pregnancy and childbirth. yet, severe maternal morbidity (smm) cases are often overlooked post-delivery. women have reported that roughly 15% of smm cases first occurred in the six weeks following delivery. the underlying factors associated with these morbidities are likely different than those occurring antenatally and at the time of delivery. further research is required to elucidate the exact burden of smm in the postpartum period in british columbia (bc).

the ratio of maternal morbidity to maternal mortality is increasing globally (geller 2018). in high-income countries, the world health organization (who) recommends routinely surveilling smm to assess maternal health and quality of care (geller 2018). to our knowledge, this is the first study conducted among pregnancies in bc aiming to examine the cumulative incidence, timing, and factors associated with postpartum maternal morbidity and hospital readmissions. this is a retrospective cohort study will use data from the bc perinatal data registry (bcpdr), which contains maternal, fetal and neonatal health information from 99% of all deliveries in bc. the primary outcome assessed will be the cumulative incidence of hospital readmissions and smm events occurring after delivery discharge within the first six weeks (42 days) of delivery. secondary outcomes will include smm-diagnosis, the rate and timing of postpartum smm and readmissions, and maternal characteristics associated with these events. a multinominal logistic regression model will examine the association between postpartum smm or readmission and determinants.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * delivered in bc from april 1, 2008 to march 31, 2021 * consented to data collected by the bcpdr exclusion criteria: • none

Keywords: severe maternal morbidity postpartum period hospital readmission
use of traditional curved iris scissors or the wuennenberg modified curved iris scissors for skin surgery

Conditions: Skin Cancer

Summary: every year thousands of dermatologic surgery procedures are performed at the university of missouri department of dermatology, including mohs micrographic surgery (mms), excisions, and biopsies. surgery is known to cause anxiety for patients and with these procedures performed under local anesthetic on awake patients', the sights, sounds, and smells experienced during the procedure can lead to an increase in their anxiety or affect their overall perception of the experience. from performing and assisting with dermatologic surgery the noise associated with the use of the traditional curved iris scissors provokes an increase in patient awareness to the procedure resulting in increased anxiety, triggering of the vasovagal response, and expressions of annoyance by the patient. however, the modified curved iris scissors make almost no noise. the investigators hypothesize that if patients were given the comparative experience of both types of curved iris scissors during dermatologic surgery, then they will choose the modified curved iris scissors because the lack of noise will be perceived as more pleasant experience. our objective is to perform a prospective, single blinded, randomized controlled trial to determine how the noise of traditional curved iris scissors vs the silent wuennenberg modified curved iris scissors affects patients during dermatologic surgery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult (18 years or older) * non-pregnant * patients being treated with mohs micrographic surgery or excision on the head and neck exclusion criteria: * patients not meeting above inclusion criteria will be excluded.
spirulina tablets treat liver fibrosis/cirrhosis

Conditions: Liver Cirrhosis

Summary: spirulina (spirulina platensis, sp) is a nutrient-rich blue-green algae that has been widely studied and applied in various health fields. its main components include spirulina polysaccharide proteins, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals, especially the eight essential amino acids that the human body cannot synthesize on its own. spirulina is also rich in minerals such as iron, calcium, and zinc, which makes it beneficial in the prevention and treatment of several diseases. research has shown that spirulina has potential therapeutic effects in combating tumors, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and anemia. in 2020, the national health commission of the people's republic of china classified it as a health food supplement. hepatic fibrosis (hf) is a process of chronic liver disease caused by excessive repair responses to liver tissue injury due to various factors. as the fibrosis progresses, extracellular matrix in the liver accumulates, forming scar tissue that gradually replaces the normal liver parenchyma. eventually, these pathological changes can lead to cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and even primary hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc), which may result in liver failure. therefore, hepatic fibrosis is considered a critical precursor to cirrhosis and liver cancer. in 2007, elsharkawy and colleagues proposed the "hepatitis-fibrosis-liver cancer axis" theory, which emphasized that timely treatment of hepatic fibrosis is crucial to controlling the development of cirrhosis and liver cancer. however, modern medicine has yet to discover specific drugs for treating hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis. the etiology of hepatic fibrosis is complex, involving various cellular and molecular mechanisms, thus making the in-depth study of its pathogenesis and the development of new treatments particularly urgent. as the understanding of hepatic fibrosis continues to deepen, increasing attention is being given to the potential of natural products or health supplements in preventing and treating hepatic fibrosis. spirulina, as a natural product with multiple biological activities, may become a promising direction for exploring new treatments for hepatic fibrosis due to its immune-regulating, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. through further clinical and experimental research, spirulina may offer a new complementary treatment option for hepatic fibrosis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria for patients: * diagnosed with liver fibrosis or cirrhosis. * patients scheduled for liver transplantation with a waiting time of more than 3 weeks. * adults aged 18 to 75 years. * willing to participate in the study and sign an informed consent form. * no acute diseases or significant exacerbation of symptoms in the 4 weeks prior to enrollment. exclusion criteria: * patients with severe comorbidities. * patients allergic to spirulina tablets. * patients with a history of severe mental illness that could affect treatment adherence.

Keywords: liver cirrhosis
doppler sonography of cerebral blood flow for early prognostication after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Conditions: Cardiac Arrest

Summary: objective: to assess neurologic prognostication by early transcranial doppler sonography (tcd) in comatose survivors after cardiac arrest. design: prospective study between may 2016 and november 2017 in a medical intensive care unit and cardiac intensive care unit in a university hospital. patients: all comatose patients older than 18 years successfully resuscitated from an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (ohca). patients for whom ohca is associated with traumatic brain injury, no window for tcd measurements, or dead before neurological prognostication are excluded.

the investigators measure the pulsatility index (pi) and diastolic flow velocity (dfv) of the right and left middle cerebral artery during the first 12 h after return of spontaneous circulation (rosc). the highest value of dfv and the lowest of pi will use for the statistical analysis. cerebral performance category evaluate neurologic outcome at hospital discharge. data provided by early tcd after rosc are associated with neurological outcome. the use of these data could lead to the development of therapeutics improving cerebral perfusion in patient resuscitated from an ohca.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * older 18 years * out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with recovery of spontaneous cardiac activity exclusion criteria: * transcranial doppler not done or not interpretable * associated cranial trauma * died without neurological assessment

Keywords: out-of-hospital cardiac arrest transcranial doppler sonography cerebrovascular circulation prognosis