Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
comparison of prasugrel and clopidogrel in low body weight versus higher body weight with coronary artery disease

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease

Summary: the 5-milligram (mg) dose of prasugrel in low body weight (lbw) patients with coronary artery disease produces a pharmacodynamic response within the same therapeutic range as 10-mg dose in higher body weight (hbw) patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects with a history of stable coronary artery disease who are not currently indicated for treatment with a thienopyridine (that is, prasugrel, clopidogrel, or ticlopidine) * provision of written informed consent * for women of child-bearing potential only (that is, women who are not surgically or chemically sterilised and who are between menarche and 1 year post menopause), test negative for pregnancy (based on a urine or serum pregnancy test to be performed before randomisation) and agree to use a reliable method of birth control during the study exclusion criteria: * unstable coronary artery disease * percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) or coronary artery bypass graft surgery (cabg) within the previous 90 days * history of refractory ventricular arrhythmias within the last 6 months; an implanted defibrillator device; congestive heart failure within 6 months prior to screening; major surgery, or severe trauma, fracture or organ biopsy within 3 months prior to enrollment * any planned surgical procedure or any coronary revascularisation (surgical or percutaneous) planned within 60 days following randomisation * any known contraindication to treatment with an antiplatelet agent * significant hypertension at the time of screening or randomisation * clinically significant out-of-range values for platelet count or haemoglobin at screening, in the investigator's opinion, or results of clinical laboratory tests at the time of screening that are judged to be clinically significant for the study population, as determined by the investigator * prior history or presence of significant bleeding disorders, abnormal bleeding tendency, or personal history of coagulation or bleeding disorders. * prior history or clinical suspicion of cerebral vascular malformations, intracranial neoplasm, transient ischemic attack (tia) or stroke. * prior history of thrombocytopenia or thrombocytosis * use of antiplatelet agents (besides aspirin) within 10 days prior to screening; the use (or planned use) of heparin, oral anticoagulants, or fibrinolytic agents within 30 days of screening; or subjects receiving daily treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) or cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) inhibitors that cannot be discontinued for the duration of the study

Keywords: platelet function
isolated or combined use of nutric score and nrs-2002 to predict mortality in the intensive care unit

Conditions: Nutrition Disorders; Malnutrition; Mortality

Summary: the objective of this investigation was to assess the predictive capacity of the nutric score and nrs-2002, separately or combined, in forecasting hospital, 28-day and 3-month mortality in patients with respiratory failure admitted to the intensive care unit.

malnutrition is a significant and widespread issue amongst hospitalized patients. its prevalence is higher in critically ill patients who are admitted to intensive care units (icus). nutritional screening aims to estimate the probability of both positive and negative outcomes in patient treatment based on nutrition-related factors, and whether nutritional therapy can have a positive effect. the nutritional risk score-2002 (nrs-2002) and nutritional risk score in critically ill patients (nutric) are commonly used for nutritional risk assessment in critically ill patients. however, there is currently insufficient evidence in the literature to determine which scale should take precedence in the nutritional care protocol of critically ill patients with respiratory failure. furthermore, there are no studies demonstrating the sensitivity of these scales varies based on the type of respiratory failure. this study aims to examine the effectiveness of the nutric score and nrs-2002, alone or combined, in predicting hospital, 28-day, and 3-month mortality in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit with respiratory failure. do the nutric score and nrs-2002 provide sufficient accuracy or is there a distinction when utilised singularly or together in forecasting mortality rates within the hospital, 28-day and 3-month time frames? additionally, is there a defined threshold for predicting mortality in patients with respiratory failure when using the nutric score and nrs-2002 either by themselves or in conjunction? does the efficacy of these prediction tools differ based on the type of respiratory failure?

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients aged 18 and over * admission to the intensive care unit due to respiratory failure (respiratory distress is included in the complaints of patients when admitted to the intensive care unit). exclusion criteria: * patients diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases (alzheimer's disease and other dementia diseases, parkinson's disease, prion disease, motor neuron diseases, huntington's disease, spinocerebellar ataxia, spinal muscular atrophy) * pregnant patients * patients with a length of stay in the icu of less than 72 hours * patients in the terminal period who were diagnosed with malignancy and whose treatment process was terminated due to lack of response to treatment.

Keywords: mnutric nrs-2002 respiratory failure intensive care unit nutrition
determining the presence of rap in orthognathic patients and its effect on root resorption by biomarkers

Conditions: Class III Malocclusion; Root Resorption

Summary: a prospective clinical trial to what extent inflammatory biomarkers are affected by the medication after orthognathic surgery in early surgical cases and whether these biomarkers affects the amount of maxillary or mandibular incisor root resorption.

to conduct a prospective clinical trial to what extent inflammatory biomarkers such as opg, rankl, il-1, il-6, and crp are affected by the medication after orthognathic surgery in early surgical cases and whether these biomarkers affects the amount of maxillary or mandibular incisor root resorption.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria 1. have skeletal cl iii malocclusion 2. wisdom teeth are absent or extracted at least 6 months before the surgery 3. need of orthognathic surgery through le fort i osteotomy of the maxilla and bilateral sagittal split osteotomies (bsso) of the mandible. 4. undergo fixed orthodontic treatment before and after the orthognathic surgery 5. have available orthopantomograms with adequate quality 6. have healthy periodontal tissue without inflammation or bleeding before and after the surgery. 7. maintain the same medication protocol during and after the surgery. exclusion criteria: 1. ongoing use of regular medication 2. smoking 3. known penicillin allergy, 4. any immune disorder, 5. musculoskeletal diseases, 6. syndromes, 7. cleft lip-palate, 8. systemic diseases affecting root resorption, 9. periodontal and gingival disorders, 10. missing teeth among upper or lower incisors, 11. poor oral hygiene.
keppra iv for the treatment of motor fluctuations in parkinson's disease

Conditions: Parkinson's Disease

Summary: the primary purpose of this study is to characterize the acute anti-dyskinetic properties of intravenous levetiracetam in parkinson's disease patients who have been optimized on antiparkinsonian medication. the secondary objective is to study the effect of intravenous lev on additional motor and cognitive symptoms of pd.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. outpatients with idiopathic pd according to the uk parkinson's disease society brain bank clinical diagnosis criteria. 2. age 30 years to 80 years. 3. dyskinesias with a minimum severity equal to a rating of 10 or higher on the aims rating scale at baseline. 4. dyskinesias at least moderately disabling (historical information from item 33 of updrs). 5. stable dose of antiparkinsonian medication 4 weeks prior to study entry. 6. women of child-bearing potential must use a reliable method of contraception and must be willing to perform a pregnancy test paid for and provided by dr. zesiewicz and the usf medical clinic. there must be a negative result before entry into the study. exclusion criteria: 1. any illness that in the investigator's opinion preclude participation in this study. this includes patients with unstable disease and those pd patients who can not tolerate iv infusion. 2. pregnant or lactating women. pregnancy will not be allowed whether as a pre-existing condition or a positive result on the pregnancy test in the screening process. lactation includes any woman wanting to participate who is currently breast-feeding. 3. patients may not be dual enrolled to another research study requiring the patient to sign informed consent. 4. dementia or other psychiatric illness that prevents the patient from giving informed consent (mini mental status exam score of less than 20). 5. legal incapacity or limited legal capacity. 6. presence of severe renal disease (bun 50% greater than normal). patients must have evidence from their pcp or urologists of normal psa and urodynamic tests within the last 12 months; patients with bun 50% greater than normal (5 to 20 mg/ d l) or creatinine 50% greater than normal (0 .7 and 1.4 mg/ d l) will be excluded. labs will be requested from pcp. 7. concomitant or prior therapy with the following treatments: neuroleptics, metoclopramide, domperidone (in doses \>60mg/day), azole antifungals (e.g. ketoonazole), etomidate, ciprofloxacin, fluvoxamine, cimetidine, fludrocortizone, encainide, flecainide, mexiletine, propafenone, guanoxane, maprotiline, antidepressants on doses higher than the maximum approved daily dose for outpatients, intermittent therapy with oral corticoids. 8. patients who are not fluent in english.

Keywords: parkinson's disease dyskinesia levetiracetam keppra
effect of a non-tenofovir, non-efavirenz-based hiv regimen on bone density and vitamin d levels in african-american patients with hiv infection

Conditions: HIV

Summary: 2. objectives 1. to determine the vitamin d status of african-american hiv patients who are hiv-treatment naïve. 2. to compare the effects of an efavirenz-containing regimen to a protease inhibitor regimen on 25-hydroxyvitamin d and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin d3 levels. 3. to compare the effect on bone density of a tenofovir- and efavirenz-containing regimen to a regimen that does not contain these drugs. 4. to compare the efficacy of an alternative regimen (raltegravir, darunavir, ritonavir) to a standard once-daily regimen (tenofovir-emtricitabine-efavirenz). hypothesis the investigators hypothesize that patients receiving efavirenz will be more likely to have lower 25-hydroxyvitamin d and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin d3levels based on the fact that efavirenz is an inducer of cyp3a4 and cyp24 enzymes that degrade 25-hydroxyvitamin d and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin d3, respectively, to inactive metabolites. the investigators speculate that patients on a tenofovir-containing regimen will be more likely to have progression of bone density loss compared to those in the non-tenofovir-containing regimen.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 18 and 50 years old * hiv infection and hiv rna \> 4000 copies/ml of plasma exclusion criteria: * known risks for osteoporosis, including low body mass index (bmi \< 20) * chronic alcohol use * chronic steroid use * use of phenytoin or phenobarbital * chronic renal insufficiency (calculated glomerular filtration rate \< 50 ml/min) * males with testosterone deficiency, and post-menopausal females will be excluded

Keywords: african american vitamin d bone density african american male or female treatment naive
recover:comparison of renal toxicity between visipaque(iodixanol)and hexabrix(ioxaglate)in renal insufficiency undergoing coronary angiography

Conditions: Kidney Failure

Summary: in the treatment of coronary heart disease which is the major cause of heart attack, direct mechanical treatment with catheters such as the coronary angiography,coronary balloon intervention and stenting intervention are the mainstay of therapy in recent years. in that procedures, we should use the contrast media, and it may cause kidney toxicity especially in the patients with underlying kidney disease and decreased kidney function. we intended to find out which contrast agent has less kidney toxicity in the catheter based treatment of coronary arterial diseases in patients with underlying decreased kidney function

iodixanol, a nonionic, dimeric, iso-osmolar contrast medium (iocm), may be less nephrotoxic than nonionic, monomeric, low-osmolar contrast media (locms) in high-risk patients. we compared the nephrotoxicity of iodixanol with that of ioxaglate, an ionic, dimeric locm, in patients with renal impairment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * creatinine clearance rates ≤60 ml/min using the cockcroft-gault formula * patients who undergo coronary catheterization * age of 19 or over 19. exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * lactation * having received contrast media within 7 days of study entry * emergent coronary angiography * acute renal failure * end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis * history of hypersensitivity reaction to contrast media * cardiogenic shock * pulmonary edema * multiple myeloma * mechanical ventilation * parenteral use of diuretics * use of n-acetylcysteine * use of metformin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs within 48 hours of the procedure.

Keywords: kidney failure contrast media iodixanol ioxaglate
meals-for-moms: experimental grocery store study

Conditions: Overweight; Obesity

Summary: this is a study about how the price of foods affects food buying choices at the grocery store. the price of foods can have a big impact on what people choose to buy and prices change over time. this study is being done to see how changes in food prices affect what mothers choose for their families.

it is well known that the price of a given food affects the amount of that individuals will purchase. yet little is known about how specific groups, such as obese/overweight individuals and those with lower incomes, change their food purchasing decisions depending food price changes. evidence shows that these groups have lower quality diets and worse health outcomes than their normal weight and higher income counterparts. therefore, it is important to gain a better understanding of how food prices changes affect purchasing decisions among these population groups in order to develop targeted nutrition interventions to improve their diet quality. to investigate this the researchers will create a laboratory-based grocery store, in which pictures of foods will be used in lieu of actual foods. food prices will be indicated on each picture. participants will be given play money and a budget, and asked to "purchase" foods in the mock grocery store. the price of foods will be changed throughout the study to investigate how participants change their purchasing decisions based on these price changes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * have at least one child up to 18 years of age residing in the household * primary grocery shopper for the household * no health conditions or food practices that substantially limit choice * not currently pregnant * consent to study design exclusion criteria: * male * \< 18 years of age * not a mother, or children not living with subject in their household * no children below the age of 18 years of age * not the primary grocery shopper for their household * health conditions or food practices that substantially limit food choice * currently pregnant
mechanical treatment peri-implant mucositis

Conditions: Peri-implant Mucositis

Summary: this two-arm, single-blinded, monocentric, controlled, randomised clinical study is designed to examine the effect of professional submucosal treatment by means of ultrasonics with plastic tip (test group), as compared to no professional submucosal instrumentation (control group), in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis (pim). both groups will have oral hygiene instruction/reinforcement (ohi) at baseline and repeated at 3 months. in the study, 50 participants will be enrolled (25 per group), with each patient contributing one implant with pim. peri-implant sulcus fluid (pisf) samples will be obtained at baseline, 3- and 6-months to analyse the change of relevant biomarkers over the course of pim treatment. intraoral scans will be performed at baseline, 3- and 6-months to analyse potential soft-tissue volumetric changes according to treatment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject must be ≥ 20 years * subject must have one implant presenting pim as defined according to the world workshop 2017 criteria (presence of bop and/or suppuration (sop), without bone loss exceeding 0.5 mm beyond crestal bone level changes resulting from initial remodeling, regardless of ppd. in absence of baseline radiographs (i.e., 0-1 year after loading) a bone level of \<2mm from the top of the intraosseous part of the implant is considered as the reference threshold) * cleansable prosthesis (an interproximal brush must be able to pass from side to side at interproximal aspects tangential to the peri-implant sulcus, and a brush has to be able to reach the buccal and palatal/lingual sulcus). * no evidence of occlusal overload * no cement remnants identified on radiographs or clinically * implant-supported fixed restoration inserted at least 6 months before patient enrolment and not interfering with assessment of clinical parameters at more than 3/6 sites * periodontally healthy subjects or treated periodontitis (no residual site with ppd ≥ 5 mm) * full-mouth plaque (fmps) and bleeding (fmbs) score ≤ 20%¬¬¬¬¬¬¬ at screening visit * non-smokers or light-smokers (\<10 cigarettes per day) * competent to give consent exclusion criteria: * previous radiotherapy, current use of chemotherapy, systemic long-term corticosteroid treatment * hematologic disorders * pregnant subjects * patients classified as \> class 2 according to the asa (american society of anesthesiologists) physical status classification * no systemic antibiotic treatment within 3 months prior to intervention
randomized, double blind trial of the quadrivalent hpv vaccine to improve responses to leep treatment of cervical hsil

Conditions: Cervical High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion

Summary: cervical cancer occurs commonly in hiv-infected women in south africa. these women have poor response to treatment of cervical cancer precursors. this study will test whether giving the quadrivalent vaccine to women prior to surgical treatment of the cervical cancer precursor will improve outcomes. we hypothesize that pre-treatment hpv vaccine will result in a reduced occurrence or cervical cancer precursors in follow-up.

this is a single-center, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase ii trial of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (qhpv) in hiv-infected women to prevent occurrence of cervical hsil after leep/lletz. participants will undergo colposcopy with directed biopsies, cervical cytology, and stored hpv testing prior to vaccination. participants will be randomized to the quadrivalent vaccine or saline placebo to be given at entry, week 4, and week 26. women will have leep treatment at week 4. participants will be seen in follow-up for cervical cytology, colposcopy with directed biopsies at weeks 26 and 52, and stored hpv specimens. treatment assignment will be unblinded after study follow-up is completed for the last study participant. women aged 45 or less randomized to placebo will be offered open label hpv vaccine after the study is concluded..

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. hiv infection 2. women aged ≥ 18 years. 3. cervical hsil on biopsy (i.e. cin2 and/or cin3) 4. for participants of reproductive potential, negative serum or urine pregnancy test 5. all study participants must agree not to participate in a conception process (e.g., active attempt to become pregnant or in vitro fertilization) during study participation (from the time of study entry until week 52). exclusion criteria: 1. history or current biopsy diagnosis of invasive or microinvasive cervical, vaginal, vulvar, anal or oropharyngeal cancer 2. prior hysterectomy 3. cervical cryotherapy or leep/leetz within one year of entry. 4. cervical, vulvar, or vaginal lesions suspicious for cancer, unless biopsies show no invasive cancer 5. prior receipt of one or more doses of an hpv vaccine. 6. receipt of anticoagulants other than aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) within 14 days prior to entry. 7. known allergy/sensitivity or any hypersensitivity to yeast or any of the components of the study product or its formulation (see section 5.2 for a list of components). 8. hemophilia or other bleeding diatheses. 9. use of any systemic antineoplastic or immunomodulatory treatment, systemic corticosteroids, other than inhaled corticosteroids or prednisone ≤ 10 mg (or equivalent) , investigational vaccines, interleukins, interferons, growth factors, or intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig) within 45 days prior to study entry. 10. breastfeeding 11. less than 3 months post-partum

Keywords: hsil cin hpv hpv vaccination gardasil hiv cervical dysplasia leep cervical cancer
scars after central venous catheters

Conditions: Hypertrophic Scars; Keloids

Summary: most children with cancer need a central venous catheter. these catheters are typically placed on the anterior thorax, where the risk of hypertrophic scarring and keloid development is greatly enhanced. a significant part of the children who have survived childhood cancer are troubled by their scars. topical glucocorticoid treatment is known to induce a reduction of the collagen in the connective tissue. the investigators hypothesize that treatment with topical glucocorticoids for one week before and three weeks after removal of a central venous catheter, will reduce the formation of hypertrophic scarring and keloid development in children.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all children and adolescents who have a central venous catheter removed at the childrens department of oncology at aarhus university hospital skejby in the period from march 2010 to july 2011 exclusion criteria: * known allergy towards plaster or fusidic acid

Keywords: hypertrophic scar keloid central venous catheter children cancer