Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
biomarkers of benzene exposure in inner city residents

Conditions: Lung Disease; Cancer

Summary: this study compares air pollution exposures of residents in a south baltimore community next to major industry with those in a comparison community with much less industry nearby. parents and children as well as adults alone will be included. air levels of 3 chemicals that have been found in increased amounts in the community as well as two urinary breakdown products of benzene will be measured. participants will limit the amount of sorbate preserved foods they eat as this preservative interferes with one of the benzene breakdown products. benzene air and urine exposure measurements will be compared in each community as well as between communities. by including children and parents we will gather exposure information on children who may be more sensitive that adults to these types of pollution. lastly, by restricting the amount of food preserved with sorbates, we can decide if this improves the use of ttma for people exposed to benzene from air pollution.

the current study focuses on an environmental exposure assessment of a south baltimore community residing near a heavily industrialized area. exposure differences between this community and a reference community that is demographically similar to south baltimore but has limited industrial impact will be assessed. participants will include both parent child study pairs and adults. outdoor, indoor and personal 72 hour badge monitoring for benzene, 1,3-butadiene and carbon tetrachloride will be performed. two urinary biomarkers for benzene exposure, trans,trans-muconic acid (ttma) and s-phenylmercapturic acid (s-pma) will be measured at 3 daily time points over the 3 day period. past work indicates that ingestion of sorbate preserved foods causes substantial interference with the benzene biomarker, ttma. therefore, participants will restrict their intake of sorbate preserved foods during the study. on the day of greatest dietary restriction, a 24 hour benzene personal air measurement will be obtained. data analysis will include correlations of benzene badge exposure measurements and urinary biomarkers. air and biomarker benzene exposure data will be compared between communities. linear regression modeling will be used to determine important explanatory factors of the biomarkers. the inclusion of parent child study pairs will also allow correlation of benzene air levels and urinary biomarkers between parents and children. this will provide exposure information on a potentially susceptible subpopulation, e.g. children, and allow assessment of potential for age-related differences in benzene metabolism. finally, we will be able to determine if dietary restriction is practical and results in greater specificity of ttma as a benzene biomarker.

Eligibility criteria:
residence in one of the study communities

Keywords: benzene biomarkers air pollution muconic acid phenylmercapturic acid
prevalence of pulmonary embolism in icu

Conditions: Pulmonary Embolism; Deep Venous Thrombosis

Summary: the primary objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of pe among consecutive icu patients receiving mv who required thoracic computed tomography (ct) with contrast agent injection, regardless of whether pe was suspected clinically. the secondary objectives were to assess the association between pe and dvt, to identify risk factors for vte, and to determine the outcome of vte.

background: pulmonary embolism (pe) produces nonspecific or minimal symptoms in mechanically ventilated (mv) patients, leading to underdiagnosis. we estimated the prevalence of pe and associations with deep vein thrombosis (dvt) among mv patients. methods: consecutive mv patients who required thoracic computed tomography (ct) in a single icu. compression ultrasound of the four limbs was performed within 48 hours of inclusion. curative anticoagulation therapy was given immediately after pe diagnosis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients requiring invasive mv and thoracic contrast-enhanced ct for any reason exclusion criteria: * a diagnosis of pe before icu admission, * allergy to contrast agents, * and age younger than 18 years.
comparison of the antiplatelet efficacy of aspirin combined with clopidogrel and aspirin combined with half-dose ticagrelor in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms with normal cyp2c19 metabolizer phenotype

Conditions: Intracranial Aneurysms; Antiplatelet Drugs

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to compare the antiplatelet efficacy of aspirin combined with clopidogrel and aspirin combined with half-dose ticagrelor in in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms with normal cyp2c19 metabolizer phenotype. the main questions it aims to answer are: if aspirin combined with half-dose ticagrelor is comparable to or better than aspirin combined with clopidogrel? what medical problems do participants have when taking aspirin combined with half-dose ticagrelor? researchers will compare aspirin combined with half-dose ticagrelor to aspirin combined with clopidogrel to see if aspirin combined with half-dose ticagrelor works to treat patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms received endovascular treatment. participants will: take aspirin combined with half-dose ticagrelor or aspirin combined with clopidogrel every day for 6 months visit the clinic 1 month and 6 months for checkups and tests


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms who are scheduled for stent-assisted embolization; 2. mrs score less than or equal to 2 on admission; 3. normal cyp2c19 metabolizer genotype; 4. age 20 or above, 70 or below, regardless of gender; 5. the subject or the entrusted family member voluntarily signed the informed consent for this trial exclusion criteria: 1. use of drugs that affect coagulation function or significant abnormalities in platelet/coagulation function before admission; 2. previous history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease; 3. complications of major organ dysfunction, chronic inflammatory diseases or malignant tumors at admission; 4. known allergy or contraindication to heparin, aspirin, clopidogrel, or ticagrelor; 5. patients with any severe or active pathological bleeding; 6. pregnant and lactating female; 7. those deemed unsuitable to participate in this trial by the responsible physician
observe the safety and effectiveness of the watchman flx™ for subjects in hong kong

Conditions: Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation

Summary: the primary objective of this study is to observe the safety and effectiveness of the watchman flx™ left atrial appendage closure (laac) device for subjects with non-valvular atrial fibrillation to reduce the risk of stroke in hong kong area.

this study is a prospective, non-randomized, multi-center observational study. the primary effectiveness endpoint is the occurrence of non-effective laa closure defined as any peri-device flow \> 5mm demonstrated by tee/ct/mri at first follow-up.the primary safety endpoint is the occurrence of one of the following events between the time of implant and within 7 days following the procedure or by hospital discharge, whichever is later: all-cause death, ischemic stroke, systemic embolism, or device or procedure related events requiring open cardiac surgery or major endovascular intervention such as pseudoaneurysm repair, av fistula repair, or other major endovascular repair. secondary effectiveness endpoint is the occurrence of ischemic stroke or systemic embolism at 12 months from the time of implant.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients who are eligible for a watchman flx device according to current international and local guidelines (and future revisions) and per physician discretion; 2. patients who are willing and capable of providing informed consent, participating in all testing associated with this clinical investigation at an approved clinical investigational center; 3. patients whose age is 18 years or above, or of legal age to give informed consent specific to state and national law. exclusion criteria: 1. patients who are currently enrolled in another investigational study or registry that would directly interfere with the current study, except when the patient is participating in a mandatory governmental registry, or a purely observational registry with no associated treatments. each instance should be brought to the attention of the sponsor to determine eligibility. 2. women of childbearing potential who are, or plan to become, pregnant during the time of the study (method of assessment upon physician's discretion); 3. the subject is unable or not willing to complete follow-up visits and examination for the duration of the study.
developing violence prevention therapy for substance abusers

Conditions: Substance Use Disorders; Violence

Summary: the purpose of this project is to develop and pilot test a violence prevention intervention for men and women in treatment for substance use problems.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * presence of substance use related problems * interpersonal violence history in the year before recruitment exclusion criteria: * primary opiate dependence * presence of active psychotic disorder * \< 18 years of age

Keywords: alcohol, drugs, aggression, substance use disorder treatment
promoting increases in living donation via tele-navigation (pilot)

Conditions: Kidney Diseases

Summary: we hypothesize that expansion of the living donor navigator (ldn) program to include tele-health delivery will overcome geographic disparities in access and facilitate sustained increases in living donation. we will utilize an individually randomized group trial (irgt) design with delayed intervention initiation to compare the effectiveness of tele-health ldn model to standard of care.

transplant candidate-related and potential living donor-related factors, including difficulty asking family/friends to donate on one's behalf and lack of knowledge about the donation process, respectively, have been implicated in lower donation rates. the investigators will conduct an individually randomized group trial (irgt) with delayed intervention initiation allowing for: (1) scalability/ implementation in a less resource-intensive fashion compared to traditional randomized trials; (2) avoid self-selection bias as all participants ultimately participate in the intervention. the ldn program combines advocacy-training to overcome barriers in initiating conversations with and identification of potential living donors with the use of non-clinical navigators to guide donors through the evaluation process. participants will be randomized to one of two arms; arm 1 includes the ldn program via in-person modality, and arm 2 includes the ldn program via tele-health modality. the investigators primary objective is to demonstrate the effectiveness of these interventions in increasing living donation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * end-stage kidney disease (eskd) patients who are ≥ 18 years old and have initiated evaluation for kidney transplantation. * if there is an individual willing to donate, but the candidate is unwilling to consider this option or this particular individual, the candidate is eligible for the study and may still benefit from identification of new donors or increased comfort accepting donation from others. * candidates must be english-speaking or deaf with an interpreter. exclusion criteria: * individuals under the age of 18 will be excluded from the study. * individuals who are not english speaking will be excluded from the study.

Keywords: kidney disease kidney end stage kidney disease living donation telehealth transplant remote virtual
observational study to assess the quality of life and clinical outcomes in subjects using novomix® 30 for the treatment of diabetes

Conditions: Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: this study is conducted in asia. the aim of this observational study is to evaluate the quality of life and clinical outcomes in subjects using novomix® 30 (biphasic insulin aspart 30) for the treatment of diabetes mellitus under normal clinical practice conditions in india.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * type 2 diabetes, including newly-diagnosed who have never received insulin or an insulin analogue before, at the discretion of the physician. exclusion criteria: * currently treated with novomix® 30 * subjects who are unlikely to comply with protocol requirements * previously enrolled in this study * hypersensitivity to biphasic insulin aspart or to any of the excipients * women who are pregnant, breast feeding or have the intention of becoming pregnant within next 12 months
comparison of the effects of sevoflurane, desflurane and total intravenous anaesthesia on pulmonary function tests

Conditions: Pituitary Adenoma

Summary: this study will compare the effects of sevoflurane, desflurane and total intravenous anaesthesia on pulmonary function tests in patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery of pituitary gland. participants will be divided into three equal groups. the first group will receive sevoflurane, second grup will receive desflurane and third grup will receive total intravenous anaesthesia. investigators are also going to evaluate blood gas analysis.

investigators are going to evaluate forced expiratory volume in 1st second (fev1), forced vital capacity (fvc), fev1/fvc ratio, partial pressure of arterial oxygen (pao2), partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (paco2), potential of hydrogen (ph), arterial oxygen saturation (sao2), base excess (be), bicarbonate (hco3) and partial pressure of arterial oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen (pao2/fio2) ratio to compare the effects of drugs.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * american society of anesthesiologists (asa) score i-ii patients exclusion criteria: * significant cardiopulmonary disease, * diagnosed obstructive or restrictive pulmonary disease, * patients with chest wall deformities, liver or kidney failure, * postoperative lack of cooperation
safety and efficacy of proquad® in children 6-24 month being evaluated for solid organ transplant

Conditions: RENAL INSUFFICIENCY, CHRONIC; LIVER FAILURE, ACUTE; HEART DISEASE

Summary: a prospective, multisite study to evaluate the impact of measles, mumps, rubella and varicella proquad® vaccination in pediatric patients 6-24 months of age who are being considered and/or evaluated for any solid organ transplant (heart, liver or kidney)

primary aim: to measure the antibody response to proquad® vaccination given earlier than the current recommended age in patients from the age of 6 months to 24 months who are being considered and/or evaluated for any solid organ transplant (heart, liver or kidney) within the next five years. these subjects would not reach the recommended ages to receive the vaccine before the transplant. hypothesis: the investigator proposes the hypothesis that the proposed study population will mount a clinically significant response to two (2) doses of the proquad® vaccine. primary endpoint: with respect to expected outcomes, the work proposed is expected to provide tools for optimizing the proquad® vaccination strategy in this population. secondary aim: to determine the safety of proquad® vaccination in children aged 6 months to 24 months who are being considered and/or evaluated for any solid organ transplant (heart, liver, kidney). hypothesis : the investigator proposes the hypothesis that the study population will have similar safety profiles compared to children who receive the vaccine at the recommended ages. secondary endpoint: the secondary outcome measure is represented by the children in the study having either no adverse effects or minimal adverse effects from the proquad® vaccine. adverse effects will be monitored via electronic medical records (emr) for emergency department (ed), hospital or clinic visits, follow-up phone calls to the family/subjects, as well as the vaccination report card that the parents/legal guardians of the participants in the study will complete for their child for 7 days after he/she receives each dose of the vaccine.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. parent and/or legal guardian willing and able to give informed consent. 2. patients 6 months to 24 months of age who are being considered and/or evaluated for any solid organ transplant within the next five (5) years who are willing: * to receive two doses of proquad® at least 30 days but no more than 365 days apart. * to participate in the three (3) antibody titer blood draws. exclusion criteria: 1. history of allergy to any vaccine component, bleeding disorder, exposure to measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, or zoster in the 30 days prior to vaccination. 2. receipt of any blood product or immunoglobulin received in the previous 180 days prior to vaccination. 3. previously received any measles, mumps, rubella and/or varicella vaccine either alone or in combination prior to vaccination. 4. any condition which causes the investigator to determine that the subject is not appropriate to enroll.

Keywords: vaccines proquad immunosuppressed solid organ transplant mmrv
peripheral parenteral nutrition vs conventional fluid in colorectal resection in eras

Conditions: Colon Cancer; Parenteral Nutrition; Fast-track

Summary: assess if administration of early nutrition support with perioperative peripheral nutrition (perioliclimonel) n4-e) in patients undergoing colon cancer resection in an enhanced recovery after surgery (eras) protocol improve the results of morbi-mortality and hospitalization versus standard intravenous fluid therapy.

the main objective is to determine if perioperative nutritional support with periolimel n4-e, that reaches nutritional requirements of eras protocol for colorectal cancer surgery patients, can improve nutritional status so it decreases postoperative complications, hospital length of stay and costs, compared to conventional fluid therapy administration since patients receive oral nutrition at day 3-5.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * scheduled colorectal cancer surgery * asa i-iv exclusion criteria: * emergency surgery * distant metastasis * patient´s refusal to participate * allergy or hypersensitivity to egg or soy protein * advanced kidney or hepatic impairment * severe bleeding disorders * congenital abnormalities of amino acid metabolism * hyperlipidemia and severe or difficult to control hyperglycemia
compliance with once daily glaucoma medication

Conditions: Compliance

Summary: a study to examine patient compliance with once daily glaucoma medication


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension patients exclusion criteria: * none
comparison of esophageal and anorectal manometry catheters

Conditions: Achalasia; Nutcracker Esophagus; Scleroderma; Esophageal Spasm; Fecal Incontinence

Summary: the primary objective of this study is to compare the accuracy of esophageal and anorectal manometric pressure measurements using a newly developed air filled balloon catheter with present standard solid state esophageal and anorectal catheters, respectively.

twenty subjects with abnormal esophageal motility (5 subjects each with achalasia, nutcracker esophagus, scleroderma, diffuse esophageal spasm or hypertensive les) previously referred for clinical esophageal motility testing will be contacted. these twenty subjects must have previously undergone esophageal manometry testing using the standard clinical protocol at the university of utah motility with solid state manometry catheters. after obtaining informed consent, these twenty subjects will undergo the esophageal manometry using air-filled balloon catheters per the standard clinical protocol. following the repeat procedure a short one-page questionnaire will be completed by the subject and the motility nurse. five subjects with the diagnosis of incontinence previously referred for clinical anorectal motility testing will be contacted. these five subjects must have previously undergone anorectal manometry using the standard clinical protocol for an anorectal manometry study with water perfused anorectal manometry catheters. after obtaining informed consent, these five subjects will undergo the anorectal manometry using air-filled balloon catheters per the standard clinical protocol. following the repeat procedure a short one-page questionnaire will be completed by the subject and the motility nurse.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * between the ages of 18-80 years old * ability to give informed consent * no significant medical conditions * abnormal esophageal motility * abnormal anorectal motility exclusion criteria: * previous esophageal or anorectal surgery, anatomic abnormalities or dysfunction

Keywords: manometry catheters diffuse esophageal spasm or hypertensive les incontinence
carefully selected and easily accessible at no charge medications

Conditions: Medication Adherence; Inappropriate Prescribing; Diabetes; Hypertension

Summary: this trial evaluates the effect of providing primary care patients with free and convenient access to a set of essential medicines. half of the participants will receive free and convenient access to these essential medicines, while the other half will have usual access to medicines.

medication adherence is one important determinant of health outcomes. approximately one half of treatments for chronic disease are not taken as directed. cost is one of several important causes of poor adherence and it is particularly important for vulnerable people. the size of many formularies makes it difficult for clinicians to know the safest and most effective medications to prescribe. this may partially explain poor medication selection. short lists of essential medications have improved the the quality of prescribing.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * cost related medicine non-adherence during last 12 months exclusion criteria: * family member living at same address of patient who is already enrolled in this trial * patient joined practice during last 6 months