Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
supplemental nicotine administration for smoking cessation in posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd)

Conditions: Smoking Cessation

Summary: the investigators propose to evaluate the relationship between ptsd, mood, craving and withdrawal symptoms and factors associated with relapse in the context of a randomized clinical smoking cessation trial. the use of supplemental nicotine administration (sna) during a "pre-treatment" phase before a targeted quit date is an innovative development in smoking cessation, and may be helpful in treating smokers with ptsd. the use of sna during ad lib smoking for smokers with ptsd is predicted to reduce both the physiological and emotional dependence on inhaled nicotine, thereby increasing the odds of successful smoking cessation. smokers with ptsd will be randomly assigned to 1 of 2 pre-cessation patch therapy conditions (active patch versus placebo patch) for 2 weeks before a target quit-smoking date. all participants will receive brief cognitive-behavioral therapy (cbt) and will begin standard nicotine replacement therapy on their quit day. ptsd symptoms, mood, smoking craving and withdrawal symptoms will be evaluated using electronic diary assessment for one week prior to the pre-cessation period, during the 2-week pre-cessation period, and 6 weeks post quit date. the study is designed to address the following aims: specific aim 1: to examine the effects of sna on ptsd symptoms, mood, craving and withdrawal through electronic diary assessment. hypothesis 1.1. sna will decrease craving for cigarettes during the 2 week pretreatment period as compared to the placebo patch condition. hypothesis 1.2. sna will decrease the perceived improvement in mood and ptsd symptoms associated with smoking behavior. hypothesis 1.3. sna during the pre-cessation period will result in a reduction of withdrawal symptoms following the quit-date. specific aim 2: to evaluate the effect of sna on quit rates among smokers with ptsd. hypothesis 2. sna during the pre-cessation period will result in improved quit rates specific aim 3: to investigate potential predictors of relapse including ptsd symptom severity, mood, anxiety sensitivity, distress tolerance, and self-efficacy. hypothesis 3.1 - 3.5 increased ptsd symptom severity, increased baseline negative affect, increased anxiety sensitivity, decreased distress tolerance, and lower self-efficacy each will independently be associated with shorter abstinence from smoking.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * between ages of 18 and 70 * smoker who has smoked 10 or more cigarettes per day during past year * current ptsd * english speaker * study physician clearance exclusion criteria: * organic mental disorder, schizophrenia, current manic syndrome, lifetime but not current ptsd, or current substance abuse/dependence * pregnancy * unstable medications * myocardial infarction in past 6 months

Keywords: ptsd smoking cessation nicotine patch
er2 and deep learning for prediction of adverse health outcomes

Conditions: Emergencies

Summary: an emergency department (ed) visit for an older adult is a high-risk medical intervention. known adverse events (ae) include delirium, prolonged ed or hospital stay, hospitalization, recurrent ed visits and hospital death. these happen in a growing proportion in ed visitors over age 65 are over who are represented in ed visits. tools predicting aes in the ed are of paramount importance to help decision-making on patient triage and disposition. they can help identify areas of unmet needs for seniors in order to develop targeted actions. multiple scoring systems including "programme de recherche sur l'intégration des services de maintien de l'autonomie" (prisma-7), identification of seniors at risk (isar), clinical frailty scale (cfs), brief geriatric assessment (bga) have extensively been studied in the ed and other settings for various outcomes. these tools rely on a simple scoring system that minimally trained staff can reliably and quickly administer. doing otherwise is unlikely to be applicable to daily clinical practice. as prediction accuracy has not significantly improved in the past decade, perhaps new analysis strategies are necessary. the current hype surrounding deep learning comes from better and cheaper hardware and the availability of simple and open-source libraries supported by large companies and a broad community of users. hence, implementing deep learning (dl) algorithms is now open to a wide range of settings, including medical care in a standard clinical practice. dl has been shown to be more accurate than the average board-certified specialist on very specific tasks. prediction of various clinical outcomes has produced less dramatic results, perhaps as traditional (non-dl) models already outperformed clinicians for many disease states. published dl approaches applied to outcome prediction in the ed have focused on acutely ill adults in general, specific conditions or administrative issues such as admitting department or ed overcrowding. none have targeted a specific age group like older ed visitors. an important caveat to many dl approaches is interpretation of results. to develop interventions based on targeted features associated with aes in a given model, it has to be somewhat transparent. if multiple layers of nns improve prediction compared to linear regression, they often provide no clinically relevant insight on how and which variables interact to yield that result.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age above 75 years old * unplanned emergency department visit exclusion criteria: * do not meet inclusion criteria

Keywords: geriatrics emergency rooms adverse health events prevention deep learning
physical therapy intervention in dental students

Conditions: Pain; Strength; Quality of Life

Summary: the main purpose of our study is to assess whether guided strength training and stretching intervention with a written home exercise program is more effective than a home exercise program alone for pre-clinical dental students in improving and preventing pain associated with dental laboratory practice. secondary aims will be to assess relationships between strength and quality of life measures of an individual and pain levels.

musculoskeletal (msk) pain has been identified as a major concern among dental professionals. this can lead to decreased productivity, efficiency and quality of work along with higher costs for the medical system. the body region that is affected the most is the neck, followed by the back and shoulders. ergonomic assessments and interventions can identify the areas of concern with workplace set up, however, training the muscles to adapt to abnormal postures may be an effective way of increasing the resilience of the msk system while decreasing msk pain as well. specifically, strength training and stretching has been well researched as a way to prevent and improve pain for neck pain, low back pain and shoulder pain. physical therapists are well trained in prevention and treatment of injuries, including a wealth of knowledge regarding strength training and stretching for specific regions. the main purpose of our study is to assess whether guided strength thus, the main purpose of our study is to assess whether guided strength training and stretching intervention with a written home exercise program is more effective than a home exercise program alone for pre-clinical dental students in improving and preventing pain associated with dental laboratory practice. the secondary aim will be to assess the relationships between strength and quality of life measures of an individual and pain levels.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults ages 18+ * current 2nd year university dental students exclusion criteria: * any type of musculoskeletal surgery in the past 6 months

Keywords: dental students supervised exercise home exercise program strength quality of life
efficacy and safety of the paclitaxel eluting covered biliary stent to the common covered metallic biliary stent

Conditions: Biliary Stricture; Malignant Neoplasms

Summary: paclitaxel covered metal biliary stent is non-inferior to common covered metal biliary stent in their patency rate and safety at the 6 months after stenting.

paclitaxel covered metal biliary stent (niti-s mira-cover ii biliary stent) is non-inferior to common covered metal biliary stent (niti-s biliary stent_comvi type)in their patency rate and safety at the 6 months after stenting.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient who submitted a written informed consent for the this trial, and 18 \~ 90 years old * patient who have pancreatic cancer and/or biliary cancer with mid or distal cbd invasion * patient who is inoperable and/or unresectable cases of malignant pancreatic stenosis * patient who is attempting of endoscopic biliary metallic stenting (by erbd) firstly * patient who have life expectancy at least longer than 3 months (karnofsky score \>60%) exclusion criteria: * patient who previously had surgical biliary drainage * patient who carrying bleeding disorder * patient who have combined hilar and/or intra-hepatic duct cancer * patient who is improper to endoscopic treatment

Keywords: paclitaxel drug eluting stent
the impact of synergies of indoor air pollutants on childhood health and wellbeing

Conditions: Pollution; Exposure; Environmental Exposure; Childhood Asthma; Childhood

Summary: to quantify health effects of synergizing chemical and biological pollutants in a targeted population setting, i.e., school-aged children. indoor air pollutants will be monitored within the classrooms with high end sensors. exposure data from additional sources (outdoor, home, transports) will be obtained. health outcomes will be assessed prospectively using validated medical procedures and real-time tracking with mobile health (mhealth) equipment and a gamified computer app.

communication with individual schools and families representing diverse cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds, will be conducted and formal participation consents obtained. the target population will include healthy children and be enriched for children with respiratory allergies and asthma. provision of instructions, training for participation and baseline assessments of respiratory, immune, and mental health using questionnaires and relevant physiological measurements (e.g spirometry, feno), will be performed. sensors will be positioned and cross-checked for functionality.health data from the cohort will be monitored by a specifically designed gamified application, as well as by state-of-the-art wearable tracking technology. the app will capture input from the participants at large, while the trackers will accurately, continuously, and remotely, identify personalized patterns of all day activity status, heart rate, oxygen saturation, temperature, blood pressure, sleep, respiratory rate, and mechano-acoustic breathing sounds signatures. sentinel data will be processed in work package 6 and integrated in the synair-g autonomous sensing platform. children will be prospectively followed-up for a school year. investigators will regularly visit schools to keep sensors running and collect materials. real-time tracking will be coupled with regular communication and face-to-face visits for health outcome assessments. devices will be positioned in selected locations. the cohort will also provide the setting for establishing indoor and outdoor interactions, dose-responses in real life, and health outcome data for integration and synergy analyses.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. students of primary schools aged 8-9 years. 2. the subject and/or legal custodian have the verbal, writing and mental ability to understand the intent and character of the study. 3. written informed consent from the child's parents/guardian's exclusion criteria: unwilling to use the application and follow the procedures of the protocol
chemokine expression in nummular dermatitis and atopic dermatitis

Conditions: Atopic Dermatitis; Nummular Eczema

Summary: the aim of this study is to measure the serum levels of ccl17, ccl18, ccl22 and cxcl10 and their expression levels in epidermis in ad and nd patients.

atopic dermatitis(ad) is a common cutaneous inflammatory disease. the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis involves a complex interaction between atopy and environmental protein allergens which produces th2 immune responses with ige formation, th2 cells dominate in lesions of atopic dermatitis, whereas th1 and th2 cells co-dominate in late eczematus lesions. nummular dermatitis(nd) is another common cutaneous inflammatory disease. the nummular patches and papules disseminated over four extremities and less over trunk . the serum levels of th2 chemokines(ccl17, ccl22, ccl27) are elevated in ad patients. the expression levels of these chemokines in lesional epidermis are also increased. ccl18 which is derived from apc is also increased in the serum as well as lesional skin of ad patients. in contrast, there are very few reports regarding the chemokine expression profiles in nd patients. because erosis is a remarkable exacerbating factor for nd. the investigators hypothesize that nd is a specialized contact dermatitis induced by environmental substances. it has been known, ccl17 and cxcl10 were highly expressed in lesion of allergic contant dermatitis, whereas almost no expression of these chemokines could be detected in lesions of irritant contact dermatitis. the aim of this study is to measure the serum levels of ccl17, ccl18, ccl22 and cxcl10 and their expression levels in epidermis in ad and nd patients. the investigators hope that the results of this study will provide useful information for clinical differential diagnosis for ad and nd as well as understanding the pathogenesis of nd.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age:20\~40, atopic dermatitis, bsa\>10%, no asthma * age:20\~40, nummular patches\>10, no atopy exclusion criteria: * systemic immunosuppresive agents within 4 weeks * high dose topical immunosuppresive agents within 4 weeks

Keywords: atopic dermatitis nummular eczema chemokines
treatment of cystoid macular edema in patients with retinal degeneration

Conditions: Retinal Degenerations

Summary: a small percentage of patients with retinal degeneration accumulate fluid in the center of their retina. previous studies using an oral form of treatment has been successful in decreasing this fluid which improves vision. this study will test the use of a topically applied form of this treatment to the eye to reduce the amount of fluid and improve or preserve vision.

patients with certain retinal degenerations will be asked to take part in a research study about the use of a topically applied eye drop for treating fluid in the central part of the retina (macular edema). in the current study, investigators propose to use topical trusopt in a group of patients with retinal degeneration (rd) to determine its effectiveness in reducing the amount of retinal fluid in patients with rd and macular edema. the methods will involve an initial one month treatment with topical trusopt three times a day in each eye. after a period of one month, patients will return for a follow-up examination. at baseline, they will have had a measurement of their center vision and a measurement of their macular fluid with a photographic-like procedure termed optical coherence tomography (oct). after the one month period of treatment, they will again have a measurement of their vision and re-evaluation with oct. an improvement at least of one line (7 letters) or more of vision will be considered as a clinically significant improvement.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * presence of cystic macular fluid on oct testing exclusion criteria: * allergic reaction to sulpha containing compounds * intolerance to dorzolamide (trusopt)
evaluation of motor skills, balance, dual task, and social adaptation in individuals with autism

Conditions: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Motor Disorders; Social Skills

Summary: the aim of our study is to evaluate motor skills balance, dual task and social adaptation skills in individuals with autism. our study will be conducted in bartın lider special education and rehabilitation center after ethics committee approval. the sample number determined by power analysis will be included in the study. socio-demographic characteristics (age, height, body weight, body mass index, education level, exercise and smoking habits, etc.) of the individuals who voluntarily participated in the study will be obtained. the individuals participating in the study will be divided into two groups as individuals with normal motor development and individuals with autism spectrum disorder and the same assessment scales will be used. these assessment scales are tug, 10 meter walking test, vineland adaptive adaptation scale, bruininks-oseretsky motor competence test. according to the evaluation results, motor skills, functional balance, dual task and social adaptation skills of individuals with autism will be compared with individuals with normal motor development.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * being diagnosed with asd by a physician * children are receiving education in a special education and rehabilitation center * no vision problems * ability to receive and execute commands * no cognitive problems * no walking problems exclusion criteria: * individuals with concomitant secondary diseases * individuals who have undergone surgery in the last six months
varicocelectomy to treat pain, predictors of success

Conditions: Pain

Summary: there are many studies studying the effectiveness of surgical treatment in patients treated for infertility, but only a few reporting the results of varicocelectomy done for pain. this study attempted to examine the success rate of varicocele ligation when performed for the treatment of pain and to evaluate all the predictor factors that may affect the pain resolve

varicocelectomy for patients complaining of pain and studying the effectiveness and all predictors that can affect the degree of response

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * painful varicocele after failure of medical therapy exclusion criteria: * responders to medical therapy

Keywords: varicocele pain
hemoderivative imputable complications in initial uncomplicated heart surgery

Conditions: Heart Diseases

Summary: observational study of hemoderivative transfusion imputable complications in initial uncomplicated heart surgery. inclusion criteria are patients who discontinued the mechanical ventilation up to 6 hours after exiting operation room and who discontinued vasoactive drugs up to the beginning of the second postoperative day. blood transfusion might be only a marker of the patient severity.

criteria for blood transfusion during extra corporeal circulation (if used) is volume expansion need leading to a predictable hematocrit lower than 25%. criteria for blood transfusion after extra corporeal circulation or in the postoperative period is a hematocrit below 30% with signs of low cardiac output due to hypovolemia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with acquired heart disease with indication for surgery and who discontinued the mechanical ventilation up to 6 hours after exiting operation room and who discontinued vasoactive drugs up to the beginning of the second postoperative day. exclusion criteria: * patients who received blood transfusion previous to the heart surgery.

Keywords: heart surgery blood transfusion postoperative complications
effects of physical activity on osa severity based on the level of fluid shift

Conditions: Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Summary: obstructive sleep apnea (osa) is characterized by complete or partial upper-airway collapse during sleep associated with sleepiness. osa causes severe impairments in quality of life (sleepiness, tiredness, concentration difficulties). moreover, osa has adverse consequences on the cardiovascular system by causing intermittent hypoxia, increased sympathetic nervous system activation and vascular endothelial dysfunction. continuous positive airway pressure (cpap) and mandibular advanced devices (mad) remain the two first-line therapies for osa. however, not all patients are eligible for these treatments or are not able to follow for a lifelong therapy and therefore do not use it consistently. a recent meta-analysis has confirmed that regular physical activity reduces osa by approximately 28% (mendelson et al. 2018). however, an important inter-individual variability exists and no study to date has identified characteristics of patients who respond to these interventions. the aim of this prospective study, single-site, non-randomized 4-week trial is to evaluate the impact of a 4-week physical activity intervention on the apnea-hypopnea index (ahi) in osa patients based on their baseline fluid shift level. participants included in the present study will benefit from a 4-week physical activity intervention. upon the initial visit, a physical activity prescription will be defined and they will be equipped with a physical activity monitor that allows feedback. participants will then exercise one day per week on-site and 4 days/week on their own. weekly physical activity will be reviewed weekly with the participant during their on-site visit.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * • patient aged 18 to 80 years old * patient with osa (ahi ≥ 15 events/hr) * patient not receiving any treatment for their osa * patient able to provide written informed consent * patient able to participate in regular physical activity (no medical contraindication to exercise) exclusion criteria: * • pregnancy * person deprived of liberty or subject to a legal protection measure * patient presenting a condition that can influence the results. (according to the investigator's judgment, i.e. heart failure, venous insufficiency). * vulnerable person or legally protected adult. * patients already included in another interventional study * bmi \> 30 kg/m² * patient taking diuretics