Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
modulating neurocognitive processes of learning to trust and distrust in aging

Conditions: Aging; Cognitive Change; Neurocognitive Disorders, Mild

Summary: much of human interaction is based on trust. aging has been associated with deficits in trust-related decision making, likely further exacerbated in age-associated neurodegenerative disease (alzheimer's disease/ad), possibly underlying the dramatically growing public health problem of elder fraud. optimal trust-related decision making and avoiding exploitation require the ability to learn about the trustworthiness of social partners across multiple interactions, but the role that learning plays in determining age deficits in trust decisions is currently unknown. aim: probe the malleability of the underlying neurocircuitry of trust-learning deficits in aging. this study will utilize real-time fmri neurofeedback to train older adults in brain activity up-regulation toward enhanced trust-related learning in aging and confirm critical mechanisms of experience-dependent social decisions in aging. grant r01ag072658 aim 3: test the malleability of trust-learning neurocircuitry toward optimized trust-related decision making in aging.

this study will apply rtfmri neurofeedback training as an intervention method, to demonstrate that older adults can be trained in volitional brain activity up-regulation, reducing their trust-learning deficits. the study will comprises several mri sessions including pre-training, training, and post-training scans.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * able to provide verbal and written informed consent * fluent english speaker * at least 8th grade education * on stable medication regimen exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * magnetic resonance imaging contraindications (e.g., certain metallic objects in body, claustrophobia) * current major depression defined as scores \>14 on the beck depression inventory-ii * impaired scores on the telephone interview for cognitive status (tics; cut-off of \>30) * current use of medications with significant anticholinergic properties due to potential influence on memory ("memory enhancing"; e.g., aricept or namenda) * current use of anticonvulsant, neuroleptic, sedatives, or other medications known to affect cognition * uncorrected visual and hearing impairments * neurologic conditions affecting the brain (e.g., severe stroke, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury with \>30-minute loss of consciousness) * impaired scores on a cognitive screening measure, the montreal cognitive assessment (moca); for older adults the cutoff will be age and education corrected * unstable medical illness (e.g., metastatic cancer) * significant cardiovascular conditions (e.g., major heart attack) * will not exclude participants who are taking anti-depressant medications. use of antidepressants (particularly ssri's) and anxiolytic medications will be recorded and included in post-hoc analyses

Keywords: decision making trust learning socioemotional vulnerability to exploitation
online lapse management intervention

Conditions: Nicotine Dependence, Cigarettes

Summary: the purpose of the trial is to test the adjunctive effect of adding a lapse management system to a best practices web- and mobile smoking cessation program.

background: web- and mobile phone health behavior change interventions, including smoking cessation programs, offer great promise, but little is known about the components that may add to their effect. objectives: to assess tobacco abstinence associated with an adjunctive lapse management system combined with a best-practices web- and mobilephone based smoking cessation intervention. the investigators hypothesize that a program that includes the lapse management system will yield greater efficacy than a program that does not include such a component. methods: the investigators propose a 3-arm rct with 1500 adult study participants that all receive a best practices web-based smoking cessation program designed for use on snart phones (web-app). participants are randomized to either the web-app only, the web-app plus a web-based lapse management system, or web-app plus a sms-based lapse management system. the lapse management system will be based on the day-to-day logging of target behavior and providing just-in-time therapy to clients reporting a lapse. in the two versions of the lapse management system the logging of target behavior is done by asking a question about smoking status by web or sms. measures: the primary outcome is 7-day point prevalence tobacco abstinence (as assessed at the 1- and 6-months follow-up). potential predictors, moderators, and mediators of abstinence will also be examined. benefits: this protocol describes the first rct that assesses the incremental efficacy of adding a lapse management system to an online smoking cessation intervention. these interventions constitute a cost-effective means to reach smokers who want to quit. by seeking to identify beneficial adjunctive mechanisms, their efficacy may be improved, which can make a substantial public health impact.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 year or older * beeing a current smoker * determined to or considering to quit smoking * provide valid e-mail address * provide valid norwegian cell phone number * complete a baseline questionnaire * complete a ten day run-in period (preparation phase) * reporting an initial quit attempt ("yes, today i have quit smoking") exclusion criteria: -

Keywords: online intervention mhealth m-health ehealth e-health smoking cessation lapse management relapse prevention
mechanism of decreased iron absorption in obesity: controlling adiposity-related inflammation

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: the main iron regulatory protein in the human metabolism is hepcidin. in normal weight, healthy subjects, hepcidin is regulated through the iron status of the body: low iron status results in low hepcidin concentrations, which facilitates dietary iron absorption. in obesity, which is an inflammatory state, hepcidin concentrations are increased and iron absorption is reduced despite low iron stores, leading to iron deficiency over time. whether lowering the chronic low-grade inflammation during a limited treatment period and thereby lowering hepcidin concentration can improve iron absorption is uncertain.

in states of high hepcidin concentration, intestinal iron absorption (through enterocytes) and recycling of iron (through macrophages) is reduced. the extent to which non-heme iron is absorbed from the diet is influenced by the composition of the diet. ascorbic acid is a potent enhancer of non-heme iron absorption. it's mechanism of action is luminal reduction of dietary ferric iron (fe3+) to more soluble ferrous iron (fe2+). a study in the inestigator's laboratory showed that the enhancing effect of ascorbic acid on non-heme iron absorption is reduced in overweight and obese individuals. possible explanations for this fact are the different sites of action of ascorbic acid and serum hepcidin on the enterocytes in dietary iron absorption. increased hepcidin reduces iron efflux into the circulation at the basolateral membrane of the enterocyte. therefore the improved iron transport into enterocytes through ascorbic acid at the luminal side (via the divalent metal transporter (dmt)-1), by reducing fe3+ to fe2+ seems to be less successful. to improve iron absorption in obese subjects, an intervention at the basolateral membrane of the enterocyte would be needed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * normal-weight (bmi18.5-24.9kg/m2) or obesity (bmi 29-40kg/m2) * pre-menopausal * no chronic illness and no significant medical conditions that could influence iron or inflammatory status other than obesity * no-smoking exclusion criteria: * diagnosed chronic disease or gastrointestinal disorders * metabolic disorders (e.g. diabetes) * regular use of medication (except oral contraceptives) * subject on a weight loss diet or planning to start a weight loss diet during the duration of the study * pregnancy or lactation

Keywords: iron bioavailability inflammation hepcidin iron absorption
beternet notch signaling and novel biomarkers for barretts esophagus

Conditions: Barrett's Esophagus

Summary: this research study hopes to identify new molecular markers in the tissue of barrett's esophagus that will help physicians better understand and manage this condition. patients undergoing an upper endoscopy will be asked to complete a gastroesophageal reflux disease (gerd) questionnaire, provide a blood sample and allow additional biopsies to be taken during the procedure.

this research study hopes to identify new molecular markers in the tissue of barrett's esophagus that will help physicians better understand and manage this condition. currently there is very little understanding as to how barrett's esophagus develops and why some people with barrett's esophagus go on to develop esophageal cancer. the purpose of this study is to develop a better understanding of how these processes occur. the investigators also hope to use the information from this study to identify new molecular markers that the investigators can use to better determine who will or will not go on to develop esophageal cancer. patients who have been diagnosed in the past with barrett's esophagus will be asked to participate. patients without barrett's esophagus will be asked to take part so that the investigators can compare tissue from patients without the conditions to those with the conditions.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: for be patients: * history of histologically confirmed be, defined as endoscopically-suspected be with intestinal metaplasia with globlet cells on esophageal biopsies, * be length c1m1 or c0m2 * age 18 years exclusion criteria: * history of gastric or esophageal surgery * inability to give informed consent * erosive esophagitis seen on upper endoscopy * history of prior endoscopic therapy for be 5 (for controls) history of intestinal metaplasia on previous esophageal, ge junction or cardia biopsies.

Keywords: barrett's esophagus
prospective study of clinical utility of acupuncture in back pain

Conditions: Back Pain; Musculoskeletal Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate prospectively the effectiveness of acupuncture as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of spinal pain is the three backbone areas: cervical, thoracic and lumbar pain, under conditions of usual clinical practice as the medical acupuncturist performed acupuncture, with and without supplementary pharmacological treatment during the first 4 weeks of follow up.

epidemiological, observational, prospective, with two cohorts, naturalistic and non-interventionist study. the disease to be studied is back pain (cervical, thoracic or lumbar) caused by musculoskeletal pathologies and previously treated with conventional medical treatment with or without treatment currently.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients of both sexes, aged 18 and over * patients diagnosed with back pain: cervical, thoracic or lumbar. * patients who has received appropriate medical treatment for their disease: analgesics, anti-inflammatories, or other treatments, but painful and symptoms persist * patients that could receive acupuncture treatment in order to reduce the symptoms and reviewed by a medical acupuncturist * patients with sufficient cultural and educational level to complete the health questionnaires required in the study * patients who have given their written informed consent to participate in the study exclusion criteria: * patient with any illness and that medical opinions recommended not to participate in the study * patient can not respond to questionnaires administered during the study

Keywords: back pain cervicalgia dorsalgia lumbalgia acupuncture
first study of secukinumab in pre-filled syringes in subjects with chronic plaque-type psoriasis: response at 12 weeks

Conditions: Moderate to Severe Plaque-type Psoriasis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to demonstrate efficacy of secukinumab at week 12 based on pasi and iga response rates versus placebo in subjects with moderate to severe chronic plaque-type psoriasis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * moderate and severe plaque-type psoriasis diagnosed for at least 6 months. * severity of psoriasis disease meeting all of the following three criteria: psoriasis area and severity index (pasi) score of 12 or greater, investigator's global assessment (iga) score of 3 or greater, total body surface area (bsa) affected of 10% or greater. -inadequate control by prior use of topical treatment, phototherapy and/or systemic therapy. exclusion criteria: * current forms of psoriasis other than chronic plaque-type psoriasis (for example, pustular, erythrodermic, guttate). * current drug-induced psoriasis. * previous use of secukinumab or any drug that targets il-17 or il-17 receptor. * significant medical problems such as uncontrolled hypertension, congestive heart failure or a condition that significantly immunocompromises the subject. * hematological abnormalities. * history of an ongoing, chronic or recurrent infectious disease, or evidence of untreated tuberculosis. * history of lymphoproliferative disease or history of malignancy of any organ system within the past 5 years. * pregnant or nursing (lactating) women. other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply

Keywords: psoriasis
study evaluating the efficacy and safety of miconazole nitrate + domiphen bromide vaginal cream in the treatment of subjects with acute vulvovaginal candidiasis

Conditions: Acute Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

Summary: this study is a multicentre, three-arm, double-blind, randomized controlled, parallel-group, comparative phase ii clinical trial to evaluate miconazole nitrate 2% + domiphen bromide vaginal cream in subjects with acute vulvovaginal candidiasis.

females aged 18-50 years with a clinical diagnosis of an acute vvc episode at screening visit will be randomly assigned to either miconazole nitrate 2% + low or high dose of domiphen bromide vaginal cream or to the comparator product gyno-daktarin® vaginal cream (miconazole nitrate 2%). the creams will be applied for 7 days and subjects will be followed up for 12 weeks.

Eligibility criteria:
main inclusion criteria: 1. subjects must be generally healthy, non-pregnant females, 18-50 years of age at screening visit. 2. subjects must have an acute vvc episode at screening visit, defined as a total signs and symptoms score of ≥3 and a positive koh wet mount preparation or gram stain from a vaginal smear revealing filamentous hyphae/pseudohyphae and/or budding yeast cells. main exclusion criteria : 1. subjects with the presence of concomitant vulvovaginitis caused by other pathogens at screening visit, or any other infection that requires antibiotic treatment. 2. subjects with visible condylomas on vulvovaginal examination at screening visit. 3. subjects with the presence or a history of another vaginal or vulvar condition(s) that in the investigator's opinion would confound the interpretation of the clinical response. 4. subjects with a history of cervical cancer.
wbv training on physical function and muscle strength in knee oa

Conditions: Knee Osteoarthritis

Summary: in this study compare different frequencies of whole body vibration training on physical function and muscle strength in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

this randomized controlled trial is to compare different frequencies of whole-body vibration (wbv) training on physical function and quadriceps muscle strength in patients with knee osteoarthritis and further will be researched which frequencies are effective for knee oa patients and how much wbv training is useful modality for knee osteoarthritic patients. this research will have significant effects in improving muscle strength and functional level of knee oa patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 40-70 years * both genders * kellgren and lawrance grade 2 and 3. * pain symptoms for at least 3 months * had no previous experience in wbv exclusion criteria: * knee surgery in the past 6 months * patient with acute symptomatic knee oa * unable to walk unaided * diagnosed with other muscular and joint disease that affect the lower limb function * patient with any neurological conditions * history of trauma to knee joint during last week.

Keywords: knee osteoarthritis physical function muscle strength whole body vibration
cohort study on internet game and smart phone addiction

Conditions: Adolescent Problems; Addictive Behavior

Summary: the aim of this cohort study is to observe the prevalence, incidence, relapse, and remission rates of online and/or smartphone game addiction among elementary and secondary school students in korea. in addition the investigators are going to identify risk and protective factors, to determine whether online and/or smart phone game addiction is a primary or secondary problem, and to identify outcomes for individuals who become or stop being online and smart phone game addiction.

participants: total 3,000 children will be enrolled the cohort and followed up for 4 years. procedures: these students will be surveyed annually between 2015 and 2019. surveys were conducted in classrooms by trained interviewer who had been trained by the research team assisted by the teachers. measurements * usage and frequency of internet, internet game, and smartphone game etc. * interpersional relationship; with family members, peer group, and teacher etc. * personal characteristics; self esteem, social support, depression, anxiety, hyperactivity etc. * socio-demographic factors

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 3rd, 4th, and 7th grade students of selected 15 elementary and secondary schools who provide consent both the students and their parents exclusion criteria: * does not provide consent
a trial investigating the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of insulin 320 in healthy subjects

Conditions: Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Healthy

Summary: this trial is conducted in europe. the aim of the trial is to investigate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (the exposure of the trial drug in the body) and pharmacodynamics (the effect of the investigated drug on the body) of insulin 320 in healthy subjects.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male, aged 18-55 years (both inclusive) at the time of signing informed consent * body mass index 18.5-28.0 kg/m\^2 (both inclusive) * subject who is considered to be healthy based on the medical history, physical examination, and the results of vital signs, electrocardiograms and clinical laboratory tests performed during the screening visit, as judged by the investigator exclusion criteria: * known or suspected hypersensitivity to trial products or related products * previous participation in this trial. participation is defined as signed informed consent * any disorder which, in the opinion of the investigator, might jeopardise subject's safety or compliance with the protocol * presence of clinically significant acute and chronic gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g. nausea, vomiting, heartburn or diarrhoea) as judged by the investigator
prevention of opioid-induced hypoxemia

Conditions: Non-cardiac Surgery

Summary: to evaluate the feasibility of a fully randomized validation trial for the oxalert epo.

the investigators will evaluate the feasibility of a fully randomized validation trial for the oxalert epo. all patients will wear the oxalert for 24 hours preoperatively in the monitoring only mode (no alerts), throughout hospitalization up to six days, and for 24 post-discharge hours. randomization will be to oxalert in monitor-only mode or to its normal mode which provides progressive audible and tactile alerts for hypoxemia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults having major laparoscopic and open abdominal or pelvic surgeries; * body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 * american society of anesthesiologists physical status 1-3; * age 18-85 years old; * able to understand and consent to the trial and fully participate; * anticipated primary opioid analgesia after surgery; * expected duration of hospitalization at least 24 hours after surgery; * consenting at least 24 hours before anticipated surgery. exclusion criteria: * epidural analgesia (field and fascial plane blocks permitted); * pre-operative spo2 \<95%; * no wrist available for the study; * severe hearing loss; * lack of english language fluency. * serious hearing deficit (unable to understand normal speech in a quite environment) * serious peripheral neuropathy (unable to feel pin prick at wrist).
xenetix® 350: comparative assessment of image quality for coronary ct angiography

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to demonstrate the (statistical) non-inferiority of iobitridol (xenetix® 350) when compared to contrast agents with higher iodine concentrations, iopromide (ultravist® 370) and iomeprol (iomeron® 400) in terms of coronary ct scan evaluability (quality and interpretability of images).

patients suspected of coronary artery disease were submitted to coronary ct angiography using either iobitridol or contrast agents with higher iodine concentrations (iopromide or iomeprol). independent off-site readers evaluated image quality regarding the ability to identify coronary artery stenosis (score 0- non evaluable to 4- excellent quality). the study was aimed at showing the non-inferiority of iobitridol in its ability to provide evaluable ct scans for the identification of coronary stenosis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female adult patient (having reached legal majority age) * symptomatic patient suspected for coronary artery disease scheduled for a coronary ct angiography exclusion criteria: * patient with a heart rate \> 65 beats per minute (bpm) and contraindication or intolerance to b-blocker administration * patient with arrhythmia or non-sinus rhythm * patient with decompensated heart failure * patient with evidence of ongoing or active clinical instability (suspected or known acute myocardial infarction, cardiac shock, acute pulmonary oedema) * patient who has previously undergone coronary artery bypass graft * patient who has previously undergone percutaneous transluminal coronary stent placement * patient with artificial heart valve * patient with known moderate to severe aortic stenosis

Keywords: iodinated contrast media, coronary artery disease