a study of a quadrivalent meningococcal tetanus protein conjugate vaccine in infants and toddlers

Conditions: Meningitis; Meningococcal Infection

Summary: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the optimal vaccination schedule for a quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide (a, c, y and w-135) tetanus protein conjugate vaccine (menacyw conjugate vaccine) in order to provide an effective protein conjugate quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine in the population with the highest incidence of disease. objectives: * to describe the safety profile of menacyw conjugate vaccine administered at 5 different schedules and concomitantly with routine pediatric vaccinations. * to describe the immunogenicity profile of menacyw conjugate vaccine administered at 5 different schedules and concomitantly with routine pediatric vaccinations. * to describe the immunogenicity profiles of selected licensed pediatric vaccines (pentacel, prevnar, m-m-rii, and varivax) when administered either concomitantly with or without menacyw conjugate vaccine.

participants received study vaccinations beginning at age 2, 6, 12, or 15 months, depending on the assigned schedule in their randomized groups. all participants underwent safety and immunogenicity assessments according to the schedule for their assigned group.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * groups 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7: aged 42 to 89 days on the day of inclusion; group 4: aged 6 months (180 days ± 14 days) on the day of inclusion; group 5: aged 12 months (365 days + 14 days) on the day of inclusion. * born at full term of pregnancy (greater than or equal to \[≥\] 37 weeks) and with a birth weight ≥2.5 kilogram (kg). * informed consent form had been signed and dated by the parent or other legally acceptable representative. * participant and parent/guardian were able to attend all scheduled visits and to be complied with all trial procedures. * group 4 only: prior receipt of pentacel and prevnar at 2 and 4 months; 1 or 2 doses of rotavirus vaccine; and 2 or 3 previous doses of hepatitis b vaccine. group 5 only: prior receipt of pentacel and prevnar at 2, 4, and 6 months; 2 or 3 doses of rotavirus vaccine; and 3 previous doses of hepatitis b vaccine. exclusion criteria: * participation in another clinical trial investigating a vaccine, drug, medical device, or medical procedure in the 4 weeks preceding the first trial vaccination. * planned participation in another clinical trial during the present trial period. * receipt of any vaccine in the 4 weeks preceding the first trial vaccination. * planned receipt of any vaccine in the 4 weeks following any trial vaccination, with the exception of influenza vaccine, which may be received 14 days before or after menacyw conjugate vaccine. * previous vaccination against meningococcal disease with either the trial vaccine or another vaccine. * receipt of blood or blood-derived products in the past 30 days, which might interfere with assessment of the immune response. * known or suspected congenital or acquired immunodeficiency; or receipt of immunosuppressive therapy such as anti-cancer chemotherapy or radiation therapy; or long-term systemic corticosteroid therapy (prednisone or equivalent for more than 2 consecutive weeks). * known personal or maternal seropositivity for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), hepatitis b vaccine, or hepatitis c, as reported by the parent/guardian. * history of meningococcal infection, confirmed either clinically, serologically, or microbiologically. * at high risk for meningococcal infection during the trial. * known systemic hypersensitivity to any of the vaccine components, or history of a life-threatening reaction to the vaccines used in the trial or to a vaccine containing any of the same substances. * thrombocytopenia, as reported by the parent/guardian. * bleeding disorder, or receipt of anticoagulants in the 3 weeks preceding inclusion, contraindicating intramuscular vaccination. * history of seizures. * personal or family history of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). * chronic illness that, in the opinion of the investigator, was at a stage where it might interfere with trial conduct or completion. temporary contraindications were resolved before vaccination: * febrile illness (temperature ≥38.0 degree celsius \[≥100.4 degree fahrenheit\]) or moderate or severe acute illness/infection (according to investigator judgment) on the day of vaccination. * group 5 only: receipt of oral or injected antibiotic therapy within the 72 hours prior to the study blood draw. topical antibiotics or antibiotic drops were not included in this exclusion criterion. (note: this did not applied to the other groups at this time, as they did not have a blood draw within 30 days of the initial visit.).

Keywords: meningitis meningococcal infection neisseria meningitidis tetravalent meningococcal vaccine