Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effect of glucagon on fasting insulin secretion and glucose metabolism in subjects without type 2 diabetes

Conditions: PreDiabetes

Summary: fasting hyperglycemia contributes disproportionately to nonenzymatic glycosylation and the microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes. however, little is known about the regulation of glucose concentrations in the fasting state relative to what is known about the postprandial state. the proposed experiment is part of a series of experiments designed to establish how glucagon and insulin interact with their receptors to control fasting glucose in health and in prediabetes.

the interaction between α-cell and β-cell function to regulate fasting glucose is incompletely understood. this is an important gap in our knowledge as fasting glucose contributes disproportionately to hba1c and the microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (t2dm). the regulation of fasting glucose in health and disease is relatively understudied. insulin and glucagon should regulate glucose reciprocally through direct interaction; insulin restrains α-cell secretion while glucagon directly stimulates β-cell secretion. in addition, there are indirect interactions via changes in glucose. glucagon increases endogenous glucose production (egp) increasing glucose (and insulin secretion). conversely, insulin stimulates glucose disappearance (rd) and suppresses egp, lowering glucose (and stimulating glucagon). however, this does not appear to occur uniformly in prediabetes. for example, in impaired fasting glucose (ifg), glucagon secretion rate (gsr) is inappropriate for the prevailing glucose. this is not accompanied by reciprocal changes in insulin secretion rate (isr). variability in the hepatic response to glucagon and to insulin further compound the dysregulation of fasting glucose. the net effect of these variables is unknown. this experiment is intended to test the hypothesis that impaired glucagon-induced insulin secretion contributes to fasting hyperglycemia in ifg.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * individuals with normal or impaired fasting glucose and normal or impaired glucose tolerance exclusion criteria: * hba1c less than 6.5% * use of any glucose-lowering agents including metformin or sulfonylureas. * for female subjects: positive pregnancy test at the time of enrollment or study * history of prior upper abdominal surgery such as adjustable gastric banding, pyloroplasty and vagotomy. * active systemic illness or malignancy. * symptomatic macrovascular or microvascular disease.

Keywords: insulin secretion glucagon secretion endogenous glucose production glucose disappearance
secured thyroidectomy with intraoperative methylene blue using

Conditions: Thyroid

Summary: thyroid surgery has potential risks. intraoperative organ (such as parathyroides) extraction and vascular or neural (such as recurrent nervus) injuries are most important ones. this research is aim to prevention of these via intraoperative methylene blue using.

thyroid surgery has potential risks. intraoperative organ (such as parathyroides) extraction and vascular or neural (such as recurrent nervus) injuries are most important ones. this research is aim to prevention of these via intraoperative methylene blue using. in the operation when thyroid lobes manipulated to medially, methylene blue will be sprayed to this area. dying patternes of tissues (thyroid tissue, oparathyroid tissues, arteries, venules and neural structures) will ensure to identification the tissues.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * thyroidectomy indicated patients exclusion criteria: * recurrent disease * additional disease

Keywords: thyroid secure surgery methylene blue
contribution of sa and coma to the total ocular hoa before and after fs-lasik using an aspheric ablation profile

Conditions: FS-LASIK Surgery Effect on Higher Order Aberrations

Summary: laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (lasik) is the most frequently performed refractive surgery procedure for the correction of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. there is a continuous upgrade and development in lvc surgeries correlated with the evolution of new machines and enhancement of the ablation profiles. one of the main undesirable effects of corneal refractive surgeries using conventional ablation profiles is the increase in hoas which is associated with haloes, glare, ghost images, starburst patterns and monocular diplopia, especially in low lighting conditions and during night driving. over the years many ablation profiles have been developed such as wavefront-guided, wavefront optimized, topography guided, q- value based and aspheric ablation profiles. these profiles aim to abolish loas and to prevent induction or increase of pre-existing hoas aiming to improve the quality of vision experienced post-operative. in spite of the vast body of research in this area, there remains a gap in the literature investigating higher-order aberrations' components in-depth. therefore, this study aims to investigate the contribution of spherical aberration and coma to the total higher order aberration before and after femtosecond assisted laser in situ keratomileusis using an aspheric ablation profile. this current study is a descriptive analytical study that was conducted on 34 eyes of 17 patients who underwent corneal refractive surgery. the results were analyzed to compare the effect of fs-lasik surgery on corneal coma and sa, and the contribution of each of them on total ocular hoas preoperative and post-operative.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age: between 18 years and 45 years 2. myopes from -1.50 d to -8.00 d 3. astigmatism less than -4.00 d 4. normal corneal tomography with a belin ambrosio big d value of less than 1.6 exclusion criteria: 1. unstable refraction for 1 year 2. corneal thickness less than 500 microns 3. expected post lasik residual stromal bed less than 300 microns 4. all patients with post operative complications as epithelial overgrowth or decentered ablation.
outcomes of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor management strategies prior to coronary artery bypass

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease

Summary: coronary artery disease is a leading cause of death, hospitalization, and health care costs in developed nations. coronary revascularization with coronary artery bypass graft (cabg) surgery improves the long term survival in patients with diabetes and multi-vessel disease. angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ace) and angiotensin receptor blockers (arb) reduce mortality and subsequent cardiac events in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing cabg surgery when initiated at least 4 weeks pre-operatively. observational data have suggested that pre-operative ace administration is associated with an increased risk of post-operative vasoplegic shock, acute kidney injury, and mortality; however, other studies have failed to confirm these findings and further suggested ace are associated with a reduced risk of peri-operative myocardial infarction. a single trial of 40 cabg patients randomized to pre-operative ace withdrawal or continuation reported that the withdrawal group required significantly fewer vasopressors during cardiopulmonary bypass but more intravenous vasodilators post-operatively to control hypertension. hence, it remains unclear whether aces should be held or continued immediately prior to cabg surgery and a survey of cardiac surgeons suggests that current clinical practice is divided. this pilot study aims to establish the feasibility of the study design and to determine the frequency of clinical endpoints among patients who continue and discontinue ace prior to cardiac surgery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients undergoing elective or urgent isolated cabg and/or valvular repari or replacement surgery * on an ace or arb for a minimum of 7 days exclusion criteria: * emergency surgery * pre-operative shock (defined as systolic blood pressure \< 90 mmhg, the need for any vasopressor or inotropic support, or a mechanical cardiac support device) * severe uncontrolled pre-operative hypertension (defined as blood pressure ≥ 200 mmhg systolic or ≥120mmhg diastolic mmhg or the pre-operative need for intravenous anti-hypertensive agents) * ace or arb therapy \< 7 days * any mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist therapy.

Keywords: coronary artery disease coronary artery bypass grafting angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor angiotensin receptor blocker surgical valve repair valve replacement
disease management for coronary artery patients

Conditions: Patient Empowerment; Coronary Artery Disease

Summary: this randomized controlled trial was conducted with 58 patients hospitalized in the cardiology clinic of a state hospital. personal information form, anthropometric measurements, framingham risk score, and compliance questionnaire (cq) were used to collect the data.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 18 and over, * diagnosed with coronary artery disease for at least 2 months, * no hearing and vision problem, * no perception and expression deficiency, * not diagnosed with any psychiatric disease, * living in kilis province, * voluntary to participate in the study. exclusion criteria: * aged 18 under, * diagnosed without coronary artery disease for at least 2 months, * hearing and vision problem, * perception and expression deficiency, * diagnosed with any psychiatric disease, * no living in kilis province, * no voluntary to participate in the study.

Keywords: training disease management nursing coronary artery disease compliance
belux children outcome during a(@)dulthood with ghd

Conditions: Growth Hormone Deficiency; Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency

Summary: our objective is to evaluate the outcome in adulthood of belgian and luxembourgish patients treated with rhgh during childhood for co-ghd. the primary goal is to determine the proportion of adult co-ghd patients who continue to receive regular medical follow-up and those still undergoing rhgh therapy using a questionnaire. secondary objectives include assessing the regularity of follow-up and compliance with treatment in adulthood, evaluating possible comorbidities, health issues, lifestyle, living environment, and quality of life. additionally, we aim to assess the metabolic profile in adulthood, particularly focusing on bmi, glycemic, and lipid data, for patients who consent to share their current clinical and biological data. data will be described according to treatment adherence and co-ghd etiology/phenotypes (e.g., idiopathic vs. organic ghd, isolated vs. combined ghd, partial vs. severe ghd).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \> or = 18 years * diagnosed with child-hood onset growth hormone deficiency (co-ghd) (no exclusion criteria: isolated or multiple ghd, idiopathic or organic, severe or partial) * registered in the belgrow registry (informed consent at the time of inclusion in registry) * stopped treatment with rhgh for growth after 2011 * persistent ghd at the end of growth exclusion criteria: * no exclusion criteria

Keywords: growth hormone adult
comparison of two forms of transcutaneous electrical stimulation in overactive bladder

Conditions: Overactive Bladder; Urinary Urge Incontinence

Summary: aim: to compare the effects of parasacral transcutaneous electrical stimulation with transcutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation on the symptoms of overactive bladder in women. study's hypothesis: the use of the parasacral transcutaneous electrical stimulation technique presents better results regarding the remission of overactive bladder symptoms in relation to transcutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation.

search location: the data will collected at the ambulatory of urogynecology and obstetrics of porto alegre clinical hospital (hcpa), where the activities of pelvic physiotherapy are performed main outcome: to measure changes in urinary urgency and quality of life. secondary outcome: to measure changes in the severity of urinary incontinence and the symptom bother.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of overactive bladder with or without the presence of urinary incontinence. * understand the instruments used in the research. exclusion criteria: * urinary tract infection * neurological disease * other previous treatment in the last four weeks
postoperative complications following skull base tumor resection

Conditions: Skull Base Tumor; Postoperative Complications

Summary: the skull base tumor is located in the deep intracranial layer and is closely related to the brain stem and intracranial nerves. the incidence of postoperative complications after skull base tumor resection is high. therefore, the perioperative management of skull base tumor resection is challenging.

1. postoperative pulmonary complications (ppcs), always had a 11.2%-24.6% high incidence rate. pulmonary ultrasound (lus), as a non-invasive diagnostic tool, has high accuracy in diagnosing pulmonary complications. compared to traditional chest x-ray examinations, pulmonary ultrasound can identify ppcs such as atelectasis and pneumothorax earlier, and it is also more accurate in diagnosing lung consolidation.with relevant literature postoperative pacu pulmonary ultrasound is used to predict the area under the ppc curve (auc) of 0.64 in patients within 8 days after non cardiac major surgery. through pulmonary ultrasound examination, doctors can identify high-risk patients with pulmonary complications early after surgery. in this observational study, investigators aimed to assess the occurrence of ppcs within 7 days after surgery and evaluate the accuracy of preoperative and postoperative lung ultrasound scores in predicting ppcs. 2. patients with skull base tumors often have a high risk of postoperative lower extremity venous thrombosis due to long operation time and many postoperative complications, such as long-term bed rest. if not treated in time, lower extremity venous thrombosis can cause disability, and severe cases can cause serious consequences such as pulmonary embolism due to thrombus detachment. in this observational study, investigators aimed to prospectively collect perioperative data and the occurrence of dvt.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18 and above * american society of anesthesiologists physical status i to iii * undergoing elective resection of skull base tumors * obtaining written informed consent exclusion criteria: * heart failure, myocarditis, pericarditis, and cardiomyopathy * myocardial ischemia less than 6 months old * severe arrhythmia * severe bradycardia (heart rate below 50 beats per minute) * unable to complete preoperative cardiac assessment * severe liver dysfunction (child pugh c-grade) * severe lung diseases
french registry of adult patients with immune thrombocytopenia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Conditions: Immune Thrombocytopenia; Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia

Summary: carmen is a national, real-world clinical registry of all adult patients with incident diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia (itp) or autoimmune hemolytic anemia (aiha) patients in france. it is aimed at describing itp and aiha clinical features, assessing the real-world risk-benefit ratio of treatments and adherence to guidelines for itp and aiha management.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients (18+ year-old) * newly diagnosed for itp/aiha or initiation of fosfamatinib exclusion criteria: - opposition to data collection

Keywords: registry
loves company: combatting emotional disturbance in the digital age

Conditions: Adolescent - Emotional Problem

Summary: the goal of this study is to determine whether a community-based website that is intended to provide support for adolescents experiencing psychological distress can improve members' mental health outcomes. the investigators want to understand if a digital platform can help young people who are suffering and may be unlikely to access more traditional forms of mental health services.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 14-17 * access to internet-connected device * residing in the united states exclusion criteria: \*inability to assent due to intellectual disability or lack of english language skills

Keywords: adolescent mental health social media
nt-3 levels and function in individuals with cmt

Conditions: Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease; Peripheral Neuropathy; Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy

Summary: this study will assess the serum nt-3 levels in individuals with the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy or any type of charcot-marie-tooth neuropathy (cmt) and correlate this with function.

this study will assess the serum nt-3 levels in those with a peripheral neuropathy diagnosis which will help to determine the therapeutic levels of nt-3 in subjects that will receive aav1.nt-3 gene therapy in a future study. this study also aims to define the natural history of any type of charcot-marie tooth disease (cmt), better define the rate of disease progression and skeletal muscle involvement. another aim is to generate a registry of well-characterized cmt patients who may be candidates for future trials.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males or females from 7 years of age or older * diagnosis of acquired peripheral neuropathy (pn) such as due to diabetes, chemo-induced, autoimmune chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (cidp) established by a report of electrical studies or with a known genetic cmt diagnosis. definitive diagnosis of pn is established with a report of electrical studies, emg/nerve conduction studies.2 * perform assessments to the best of their ability with reliable results as deemed by the evaluator. * ability to attend scheduled appointments * ability to provide informed consent (or assent for ages 9-18) exclusion criteria: * current pregnancy per medical history * has a medical condition or extenuating circumstances that, in the opinion of the investigator, might compromise the subject's wellbeing, safety, or clinical interpretability

Keywords: nt-3 cmt1a neuropathy
diagnostic value of electrocardiographic st-t wave changes in patients with chronic stable angina

Conditions: Ekg Change Ischemia Lateral

Summary: the electrocardiogram (ecg) is a simple and non-invasive bedside diagnostic tool with a well-established role in the diagnosis of (cad). many studies have found that the admission of ecg provides important prognostic information in patients admitted with chest pain. for instance, t wave inversion in anterior or inferior location and or st-segment depression has been associated with high incidence of cad.

the aim of the work will be directed to study the diagnostic value of electrocardiographic st-t wave changes in lead avl in patients with chronic stable angina the ecg findings vary considerably, depending importantly on four major factors: (1) the duration of the ischemic process (acute versus evolving or chronic) ; (2) its extent (large versus small) ; (3) its topography (anterior versus inferior-posterior and right ventricular) ; (4) the presence of other underlying conditions (e.g. lbbb, wpw or pacemaker pattern) that can mask or alters the classic pattern. the resting electrocardiogram is normal in approximately half of patients with chronic stable angina pectoris, and even patients with severe cad may have a normal tracing at rest. a normal resting ecg suggesting a normal lv function and it is unusual finding in a patient with an extensive previous infarction. the most common electrocardiographic abnormalities in patients with chronic cad are non specific st-twave changes with or without abnormal q waves. in addition to myocardial ischemia, other conditions that can produce st-t wave abnormalities include lv hypertrophy or dilation, electrolyte abnormalities, neurogenic effects, and anti-arrhythmic drugs. in patients with known cad, however, the occurrence of st-t wave abnormalities on the resting ecg may correlate with the severity of the underlying heart disease. this association may explain the adverse association of st-twave changes with prognosis of these patients. in contrast, a normal resting ecg is more favorable long-term prognostic sign in patients with suspected or definite cad.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients admitted at the alexandria university hospitals or referred from secondary hospitals with documented cad as proved by non invasive tests exclusion criteria: * clinical situations that may result in secondary avl lead t wave inversion and /or st segment depression from analysis as bundle branch block either left or right, aortic stenosis, left ventricular hypertrophy and strain and paced ventricular rhythms.

Keywords: ecg avl chronic stable angina t wave
third line highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) in hiv-infected children

Conditions: This Study is Designed to Collect Treatment Data of Thai Children on Third Line ARV Therapy

Summary: this is an observational cohort study of virologic and immunologic outcome after at least 48 weeks of third line antiretroviral therapy. upto 150 children at 8 thai sites will be enrolled. third line antiretroviral therapy in this study is defined as an antiretroviral (arv) regimen in a patient who has failure or intolerance to first line nnrti-based therapy and second line pi-based therapy. such regimens may contain new drugs or drug classes such as darunavir, tipranavir, etravirine and raltegravir the knowledge gained from this study will help the thai government in planning its strategy to provide third line arv therapy to children within the national program.

the primary objective of this study is to assess the virological efficacy, as measured by the proportions of children with hiv rna below 400 and 50 copies/ml at 48 weeks after initiating third line arv therapy. third line arv therapy is defined as an arv regimen in a patient who has failure or intolerance to first line nnrti-based therapy and second line pi-based therapy. such regimens may contain new drugs or drug classes such as darunavir, tipranavir, etravirine and raltegravir

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: children (\< 18 years old) with hiv infection may enroll if one of the following criteria is met: 1. have resistance to at least one drug in each of the 3 classes (nrti, nnrti and pi) and have plasma hiv rna \> 1000 copies/ml prior to switching to third line arv therapy 2. have intolerance to the current nrti, nnrti or pi treatment and need to receive darunavir, etravirine, tipranavir or raltegravir exclusion criteria: 1. have hepatic impairment with alt ≥ 5 upper limit of normal 2. pregnant or breastfeeding

Keywords: third line arv therapy hiv rna absolute cd4+ t cell count serious adverse events (saes) drug resistance
lung nodule imaging biobank for radiomics and ai research

Conditions: Lung Cancer; Pulmonary Nodule, Multiple; Pulmonary Nodule, Solitary; Lung Neoplasms

Summary: this study will collect retrospective ct scan images and clinical data from participants with incidental lung nodules seen in hospitals across london. the investigators will research whether machine learning can be used to predict which participants will develop lung cancer, to improve early diagnosis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \> 18 * baseline ct thorax imaging reported as having pulmonary nodule(s) between 5 and 30mm in the last 10 years. * ground truth known (either scan data showing stability for 2 years (based on diameter) or one year (based on volumetry), complete resolution, or biopsy-proven malignancy. * slice thickness \< 2.5mm. exclusion criteria: * • absence of at least one technically adequate ct thorax imaging series (defined by visual inspection of presence of imaging data of the thorax in the dicom record). * slice thickness \> 2.5mm. * imaging \> 10 years old. * ground truth unknown.

Keywords: incidental lung nodules radiomics artificial intelligence machine learning