Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
development and application of molecular evaluation instrument for lung cancer diagnosis and treatment

Conditions: Lung Cancer

Summary: the precise diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer is not only a major national strategic need but also an urgent demand from the general public. the "three stages" of precise diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer include early diagnosis, effective treatment, and precise evaluation. currently, invasive methods are mainly used in these three stages of clinical practice. the non-invasive molecular diagnosis of early-stage lung cancer and the molecular evaluation of treatment efficacy are critical core issues in lung cancer clinical diagnosis and treatment. in response to this problem, this project aims to use exhaled breath as a sample to develop a scientific instrument with independent intellectual property rights, which integrates early-stage diagnosis of lung cancer and evaluation of treatment efficacy. we will also conduct related application research to meet the needs of the public and contribute to the health of the entire population.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. voluntarily participate in the clinical study; fully understand and be informed about this study, and sign the informed consent form (icf); willing to comply with and have the ability to complete all trial procedures. 2. male or female participants aged 18-75 (inclusive) at the time of signing the icf. 3. the case group included patients diagnosed with lung cancer, including early-stage and advanced-stage patients; the control group consisted of healthy individuals without a history of lung cancer or related respiratory diseases. 4. at least one measurable target lesion evaluated according to recist 1.1 criteria by the institutional review and research committee (irrc). 5. patients provide eligible tumor tissue for histopathological testing as required. 6. relevant laboratory tests indicate tolerance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. exclusion criteria: 1. patients with unclear diagnosis of lung cancer. 2. patients with contraindications to chemotherapy or immunotherapy. 3. patients with contraindications to lung tissue examination. 4. patients with other respiratory diseases within the year or concurrent respiratory system diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, etc.). 5. patients with other active malignant tumors within the year or concurrently. 6. patients with severe heart disease and patients with other severe diseases (such as liver dysfunction, renal dysfunction, etc.). 7. patients known to have a history of psychiatric drug abuse or drug addiction; patients with a history of alcohol abuse. 8. based on the investigator's judgment, patients have other factors that may lead to premature termination of this study.
african american children, glycemic control, and type 2 diabetes

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes; Vitamin D Deficiency

Summary: using a randomized, placebo-controlled trial design in subjects with vitamin d deficiency, the investigators propose to determine if vitamin d treatment improves glycemic control in vitamin d deficient subjects with t2dm. the investigators hypothesize that oral vitamin d treatment will improve glycemic control and ß-cell function in vitamin d deficient aa subjects with t2dm. the investigators further hypothesize that maintaining serum 25(oh)d concentrations above 20 ng/ml with oral supplementation of vitamin d will have additional glycemic control effects.

current literature suggests that 25-hydroxyvitamin d (25(oh)d) is inversely related to risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm). african americans (aa) have significantly less 25(oh)d concentrations, greater chances of poor glycemic control compared to european americans (ea). the primary objective is to evaluate if the differences in glycemic control in children with type 2 diabetes are explained by differences in serum concentrations of 25(oh)d. a secondary aim is to demonstrate that subjects with vitamin d deficiency (serum 25(oh)d \<20ng/ml) and t2dm who receive an 8 week of vitamin d treatment (50,000 iu oral vitamin d2/once per week) have greater improvement than subjects who receive placebo in glycemic control, as measured by hba1c and endogenous insulin secretion, as assessed by area under the concentration-time curve (auc) for mixed meal-stimulated c peptide, at 3 months after study drug administration. research design: randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind study design in children with t2dm and vitamin d deficiency. glycemic control will be determined by hba1c levels, fasting glucose and area under the curve (auc) for glucose after a mixed meal tolerance test (mmtt). measures of beta cell function will be determined by auc for c-peptide and glucose after mmtt. this study is warranted in aa adolescents with t2dm as any positive interventions could have life long impact and will lead to future larger clinical trials.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * type 2 dm with acanthosis * african american * 12-18 years * bmi\> 85% * tanner stage \> 4 exclusion criteria: * those taking vitamin d * pregnancy * those with chronic health conditions other than diabetes * those who are deemed medically unstable to participate in research

Keywords: type 2 diabetes vitamin d deficiency glycemic control
reducing visitors- and personnel-associated infection risk on perinatal care station

Conditions: Hygiene

Summary: the rate of infectious diseases (amnioninfection syndrome (ais), fetal inflammatory response syndrome (firs), early-onset neonatal sepsis (eons)) in perinatal care / neonatology is steadily rising in germany. the hands of the staff and visitors are the most important transmission vehicle of pathogens. hence hand hygiene is one of the most important measures for the prevention of hospital infections. the different measures of hand hygiene serve to protect against the spread of contamination of the skin with obligate or potentially pathogenic pathogens. since the use of antibiotics is generally only possible to a limited extent (especially in pregnant women and neonates in perinatal care centers) the primary prophylactic measures are of great importance. while the importance of hand disinfection in the staff has been undisputed, there is no data on the rate of hand disinfection for visitors of perinatal care centers. visitor at these stations are common non-compliant persons (especially children!). on the other hand, pregnant women and young mothers and newborn babies are "exposed" to a large number of visitors compared to other stations. the investigators examine whether special measures (such as voice prompts) have a positive effect on the rate of performed hand disinfections or consecutively on the infection rate.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * minimum age: 7 years * informed consent * member of target group: visitor or staff exclusion criteria: * insufficient language skills

Keywords: hygiene prenatal care postnatal care
application of smart devices in adolescent weight control

Conditions: Adolescent Obesity

Summary: according to the definition of health literacy, health literacy means that a person can apply his or her reading, writing, and computing abilities to health-related information and activities. who consider health literacy is the cognitive and social skills which determine the motivation and ability of individuals to gain access, to understand and use information. the purposes of this study will to understand the relationship between health literacy, weight control behavior and weight control health outcome.

according to the definition of health literacy, health literacy means that a person can apply his or her reading, writing, and computing abilities to health-related information and activities. who consider health literacy is the cognitive and social skills which determine the motivation and ability of individuals to gain access, to understand and use information. the purposes of this study will to understand the relationship between health literacy, weight control behavior and weight control health outcome. according to the purpose, the study will be multi wave longitudinal panel study. the study will apply mobile phone applications and smart watches to understand the relationship between weight control behaviors and weight control health outcome in adolescent. there are two blocks in the mobile phone applications: questionnaire block and weight status block will be design for the study. questionnaire block include demography, and health literacy scales and diet diary. weight status block include height, weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference. after the participant key-in the height and weight, the system will automatically calculate the bmi, also show the results of the bmi. the standard for bmi interpretation was by dr. chang's research about new growth charts for taiwanese adolescents. the data of smart watches will be upload into the ntuh health cloud system (named ntu med god). this is the ntuh health cloud, different kinds of medical materials and data could be sent to the system, such as mobile phone and smart watches data.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 13-19 years old adolescents; * could use their mobile phones to upload diet records and fill out the questionnaire; * adolescents and their parents agree to involve in the study and sign the consent form. exclusion criteria: * severe diseases; * participate in other weight control program.

Keywords: adolescent smart devices weight control health literacy
safety and efficacy of intranasal ketamine for the treatment of postoperative dental pain

Conditions: Pain, Postoperative

Summary: once patients' postoperative pain intensity reaches a moderate-to-severe level, they are randomized to receive intranasal ketamine or placebo. patients remain in the study unit for 3 hours post administration and assess pain intensity and pain relief throughout the 3 hour postoperative period.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy patients at least 16 years of age requiring two or more third molar extractions exclusion criteria: * less than 16 years old * other exclusion criteria may apply

Keywords: dental surgery analgesia 2-4 impacted third molars
association of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and chronic placental inflammation

Conditions: Cholestasis of Pregnancy

Summary: this observational prospective study will help to determine if an immune process similar to allograft rejection is responsible for the occurrence of an intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (icp). if so, it would suggest the potential benefit of immunomodulatory therapeutics.

this observational study will include 322 pregnant women at delivery: 161 women diagnosed with an intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, and 161 control women. a blood test will be performed at delivery for each woman and each newborn, in order to measure several biological parameters involved in inflammation processes, allograft rejection and angiogenesis. placenta will also be analysed. in particular, we will look for chronic inflammation in placenta. biological parameters and placental parameters will be compared between the two groups: cases with icp and controls.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult pregnant woman with singleton for cases: diagnosis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy for controls: no diagnosis of icp exclusion criteria: * women under 18 years old * women under legal protection * gemellar pregnancies * delivery before 22 weeks of gestation * medical termination of pregnancy * acute chorioamniotitis, in particular those due to the following pathogens: toxoplasmosis, rubella, cmv, herpes virus * premature rupture of membranes \<37sa * women infected by covid-19 in the month before delivery

Keywords: placenta cholestasis pregnancy inflammation
effect of intravenous infusion of lidocaine on patients undergoing radical resection of colorectal tumors

Conditions: Colorectal Tumors; Lidocaine

Summary: colorectal cancer (crc) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. surgical resection is the main treatment option for colorectal cancer patients. surgery may enhance or accelerate tumor recurrence and metastasis. multiple factors in the tumor microenvironment play important roles in tumor recurrence and metastasis, and modulating the tumor microenvironment can inhibit disease progression. lidocaine has been found to inhibit tumor growth in animal experiments.

lidocaine was applied in the operation of colorectal tumor patients, and the effect on the postoperative microenvironment and micrometastasis of the patients was observed by detecting the stress, immunity, vascular tumor regeneration, inflammation, etc. of the patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * colorectal tumor patients exclusion criteria: * weight \ 100kg * sensitivity or hypersensitivity to lidocaine * second or third degree heart block * severe heart failure (ejection fraction \< 20%) * history of active rhythm disorder * acute severe liver and kidney injury * history of uncontrolled seizures * history of acute porphyria.

Keywords: radical resection of colorectal tumor lidocaine stress immunity vascular tumor regeneration inflammation micrometastasis
outcomes of patients who fail to respond to fluconazole treatment of severe candida albicans infections

Conditions: Fungal Infection by Site

Summary: the primary aims of this study are to identify and characterize the immediate consequences of patients who fail fluconazole treatment during the treatment of severe infection, and to determine if fluconazole failures are more frequently associated with fluconazole-resistant or fluconazole-susceptible strains of c. albicans.

the primary aims of this study are to identify and characterize the immediate consequences of patients who fail fluconazole treatment during the treatment of severe infection, and to determine if fluconazole failures are more frequently associated with fluconazole-resistant or fluconazole-susceptible strains of c. albicans (i.e. does in vitro resistance matter?). perhaps the breakpoints are not correct and need to be changed, as has recently happened with vancomycin. a third objective is to calculate fluconazole pk/pd parameters such as auic, and compare the calculated auic values of patients who fail with fluconazole-susceptible vs fluconazole-resistant isolates. specifically for fluconazole, the question here is whether dose matters, and can aggressive dosing offset higher mics. thus in all cases, we will also determine the auic of fluconazole in order to fully characterize the impact of dose chosen on the outcomes of treated patients who fail to respond to fluconazole. the clinical, microbiological, and pharmacoeconomic outcomes of patients who fail fluconazole therapy and are subsequently hospitalized with severe infections caused by c. albicans will be documented and described.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. medical history, clinical signs and symptoms, and radiological findings consistent with severe c. albicans infection. for example, the criteria for pneumonia are as follows: 1. a core body temperature \>38c \[100.4f\] or \ 10,000 cells/mm3) or bandemia (\>10% bands). 2. chest radiographic examination that shows a new or progressive infiltrate, consolidation, cavitation, or pleural effusion. 3. rales, dullness to percussion, or decreased breath sounds on physical examination of the chest, new onset of purulent sputum, or change in character of sputum. 2. a positive culture must demonstrate the presence of c. albicans, isolated from a properly obtained respiratory or blood sample, collected within 72 hours of admission to a hospital. all patients with respiratory cultures must produce sputum with gram stain analysis indicating the relative absence of contaminating oropharyngeal squamous cells and the presence of a significant number of wbcs and morphologically distinct bacteria. fluconazole sensitivity testing results must be available for the initial c. albicans isolate. 3. must have received, and failed to respond to, at least 4 days of treatment with fluconazole. 4. admitted to a hospital or icu for treatment of a severe infection. exclusion criteria: 1. pregnant or lactating women 2. cystic fibrosis 3. life expectancy \<3 months from underlying disease 4. underlying lung carcinoma

Keywords: c. albicans fluconazole
evaluating the impact of early versus delayed 5 alpha reductase inhibitor treatment on the risk of emergent surgery in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia

Conditions: Prostatic Hyperplasia

Summary: this retrospective study aims to assess the impact of early vs delayed 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor (5ari) therapy in patients with bph on alpha-blocker (ab) therapy and the risk of acute urinary retention (aur), prostate-related surgery, and emergency surgery (defined as prostate surgery occurring within 30 days of aur). the marketscan database will be utilized for this study (2000-2008).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male * aged 50 years or older * diagnostic claim for bph * prescription claim for an ab and a 5ari in the observation period (5ari must occur within a 6-month window after the ab). * continuously eligible for 6 months prior to and 12 months after index prescription date exclusion criteria: * prostate or bladder cancer during the study period * any prostate-related surgical procedure within 5 months of the index prescription date * prescription claim for finasteride 1 mg for male pattern baldness during the study period * 5ari therapy prior to initiation of ab therapy

Keywords: 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor prostate surgery alpha-blocker enlarged prostate acute urinary retention benign prostatic hyperplasia
overdose prevention centers and behavioral health

Conditions: Overdose

Summary: the aims of this study are: (aim 1) identify sources of heterogeneous impacts of opioid prevention center (opc) use on non-fatal and fatal overdose risk among individuals with histories of polysubstance use (psu); (aim 2) estimate the impact of opc use on treated psychiatric events among clients with histories of psu, and; (aim 3) assess the barriers and facilitators of integrating mental health services into existing syringe service and opc delivery models.

aims 1 and 2 of this study will use secondary data to identify sources of heterogeneous impacts of opc use on fatal and nonfatal overdose risk (aim 1) and estimate the impact of opc use on treated psychiatric events among clients with histories of psu (aim 2). aim 3 of this study will use qualitative interviews with harm reduction staff to assess barriers and facilitators of integrating mental health services into existing syringe service and opc delivery models.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: aims 1 and 2: * are 18 years of age or older; * engaged in syringe service program and/or overdose prevention center services in new york city in the past 30 days before the date of enrollment; * are able to complete assessments in english or spanish; * are competent to give written informed consent at the time of the interview; * are able to provide informed consent; * self-report use of illicit opioids (e.g., heroin, fentanyl), illicit stimulants (e.g., powder cocaine, crack, methamphetamine), counterfeit prescription pills (defined as prescription pills obtained through the illicit drug market) or any injection drug use in the past 30 days, and * are able to participate for at least 6 months following enrollment. aim 3 * are 18 years of age or older; * are employed by a harm reduction program; * are able to complete assessments in english; and * are able to provide informed consent. exclusion criteria: • individuals not meeting the criteria detailed above for the respective aims will not be eligible for participation in this study.
trial of the rapid antisuicidal effects of intranasal ketamine in comorbid depression and alcohol abuse

Conditions: Suicidal Ideation; Depression; Alcohol Abuse

Summary: this project aims to evaluate the potential rapid and sustained antisuicidal and antidepressant effects of a single intranasal dose of ketamine in inpatients during a mood episode in major depressive disorder (mdd) or bipolar disorder (bd) with or without comorbid recent abuse of alcohol.

clinicians have a limited ability to predict imminent suicidal behavior and efficacious treatments are not available to treat suicidal patients. thus, rapid-acting treatments for suicidal individuals are truly needed. this project aims to evaluate the potential rapid and sustained antisuicidal and antidepressant effects of a single intranasal dose of ketamine in inpatients during a mood episode (in major depressive disorder, mdd or bipolar disorder, bd) with or without comorbid recent abuse of alcohol. these results will elucidate the antisuicidal effects of ketamine using the intranasal route along with the identification of associated mediators or moderators; this approach has the potential for enormous public health impact.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * voluntary admission to harris county psychiatry center * able to provide written informed consent * current suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms and diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders -iv- text revision(dsm-iv-tr) depressive episode (also madrs greater than or equal to 12) and young mania rating scale (ymrs) score lower than 8 * dsm-iv-tr criteria for current alcohol abuse (but not intoxicated/withdrawal, abstinent from drinking for \> 5 days prior to admission). * lifetime history of suicide attempt (patient) * not taking any medication in the last 24hs. * scale for suicide ideation (ssi) score over 4 (first five items) and columbia scale (c-ssrs) score 4 or 5 exclusion criteria: * unstable medical condition or medical problem with known central nervous system (cns) effects, e.g. uncontrolled hypertension systolic blood pressure (sbp) ≥170 and/or diastolic blood pressure (dbp) ≥100) or recent history (6 months) of alcohol-withdrawal seizures or significant abnormal laboratory tests (liver function test (lft) 3 times higher than normal). * prior diagnosis of a dsm-iv-tr psychotic spectrum disorder, psychotic symptoms, or personality disorder. * currently under the acute effects of an illicit substance. * pregnant or nursing women. * subjects with a history of dsm-iv drug dependency or abuse (except for caffeine or nicotine dependence) within the preceding 3 months

Keywords: ketamine depression suicidal ideation alcohol abuse