Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
fluoroscopic guided vs us-guided percutaneous nephrolithotripsy for the treatment of stone disease

Conditions: Urolithiasis; Kidney Stone; Kidney Diseases; Ureteral Calculi; Kidney Calculi

Summary: randomized comparison of patient outcomes following fluoroscopic guided pcnl versus ultrasound-guided pcnl.

this study is a randomized controlled trial that compares the operative outcomes and complications of fluoroscopic guided-percutaneous nephrolithotomy versus ultrasound-guided pcnl for renal stones. this study will be a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial with patients who have already agreed to undergo pcnl. patients will be randomized at a 1:1 ratio to receive either pcnl under fluoroscopic guidance or pcnl under ultrasound guidance. patients will be asked to complete pre-operative, and postoperative quality of life questionnaires, and to allow the collection of one additional vial of blood for measurement of factors associated with inflammation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients planned for pcnl at participating institution * patients of all ethnic backgrounds * stone size over 10 mm in diameter and a density over 900 hounsfield units * patients with a large calculus in the upper third of the ureter exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * infectious disease of the genitals; * conditions that violate the configuration of the kidneys (curvature of the spinal column) * anomalies in the development of the kidneys with impaired configuration and position of the kidneys (horseshoe kidney, bisque kidney, s-shaped kidney, l-shaped kidney, lumbar dystopia, iliac dystopia, pelvic dystopia) * presence of nephrostomy drainage in the target kidney; * urethral stricture or other reason leading to the inability to carry out ureteral catheterization; * other conditions that are contraindications to surgical treatment, such as uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, acute cardiovascular conditions, liver failure, alcoholism, and drug addiction; * patients who are unable to understand the purpose of the study or refuse further follow-up observation and instructions after treatment; * patients with a history of mental illness; * participation in another research that interferes with this research; * acute renal failure; * dissecting aortic aneurysm; * acute hypertensive encephalopathy; * heavy arterial bleeding; * myocardial infarction less than six months before enrollment in the study; * stroke less than six months before enrollment in the study; * insufficiency of blood circulation iii-iv new york heart association class; * severe rhythm and conduction disturbances; * increase in the level of liver transaminases by more than three times;
the project of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia screening and prevention center

Conditions: Preeclampsia; Maternal Deaths

Summary: preeclampsia is the main cause of illness and death in pregnant women and fetuses. currently, there is no effective treatment for preeclampsia in clinical practice, and the fundamental treatment is still termination of pregnancy and placental delivery. therefore, early prediction of preeclampsia and targeted strengthening of high-risk pregnant women supervision, early intervention and diagnosis and treatment can greatly reduce the serious obstetric complications and perinatal maternal and fetal deaths caused by preeclampsia, which has significant social and clinical significance.

the purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of pre-eclampsia risk screening scheme based on maternal high-risk factors or pre-eclampsia risk assessment and management plan based on placental growth factor (pigf) detection in the real medical world on the incidence of pre-eclampsia, maternal mortality and severe complications of pre-eclampsia, and to establish appropriate pre-eclampsia risk screening and prevention standards and guidelines for china population, so as to reduce the probability of maternal and fetal death and long-term chronic diseases.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 1) pregnant women who have been screened for pre-eclampsia risk according to the clinical risk factors listed in nice guidelines (2019); * 2) based on the authoritative guideline of figo and the consensus of experts in china, pregnant women who routinely use maternal factor +map＋plgf±uta-pi in the first trimester or plgf or sflt-1/plgf in the second and third trimesters to assess the risk of preeclampsia. * 3) meet any of the above conditions, join the group voluntarily, and sign the informed consent form. exclusion criteria: * 1) severe fetal malformation or abnormality (no fetal heartbeat); * 2) those who regularly use aspirin before joining the group; * 3) there are obvious other abnormal signs, laboratory tests or other clinical d• iseases, which are judged by the researcher to be not suitable for participating in researchers; * 4) unable to obtain follow-up and delivery information.

Keywords: preeclampsia placental growth factor (plgf) real-world study screening prevention
premature termination of resuscitation in survivors of cardiac arrest

Conditions: Cardiac Arrest

Summary: the study premature termination of resuscitation in survivors of cardiac arrest focuses on using innovative knowledge translation strategies to improve appropriate neuroprognostication for survivors of cardiac arrest and prevent premature termination of life sustaining therapies. this is important because any early gains achieved during resuscitation will be nullified if clinicians terminate life-sustaining therapies prematurely based on inadequate prognostic information. an effective translation strategy for neuroprognostication will result in improved physician adherence to evidence-based medicine and an increase in the proportion of patients surviving to achieve a good neurological outcome following cardiac arrest.

a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial design will be employed in order to properly evaluate the impact of this intervention. each of the 18 participating hospitals will be randomized one of the four wedges according to a random schedule; each wedge will consist of 4 to 5 hospitals. with this design, the implementation of the intervention will be rolled out sequentially to the participating hospitals over a 5 month period for each wedge. all hospitals will have received the intervention by the end of the study. note that the study design fields provided by clinicaltrials.gov do not allow for describing this type of study design; therefore, the investigators have listed the study as a single arm. in reality, this study will have 4 wedges, each containing randomized clusters of 4-5 hospitals.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients =/\> 18 years of age * non-traumatic out of hospital cardiac arrest * sustained return of spontaneous circulation (palpable pulse for \> 20 minutes) * comatose (i.e. without full neurological recovery; non-responsive to verbal commands) * surviving to at least 6 hours after emergency department arrival exclusion criteria: * patients who die within 6 hours of emergency department arrival

Keywords: cardiac arrest hypothermia post cardiac arrest care survivors of cardiac arrest
the effect of probioticson bloating in ibs

Conditions: Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Summary: the purpose of the study is to establish an in-vitro method to evaluate the effect of probiotics on gas production in feces (hydrogen and methane)

the objective of this study is to establish a model for screening probiotic bacteria in the treatment of meteorism symptoms (feeling of air in the stomach) with otherwise healthy adult women. as excessive bacterial gas production in the intestine is the most likely mechanism behind meteorism, we will examine eventual changes of the production of gases (hydrogen and methane) before and after administration of trevis®. for screening of trevis® we will apply a combination of clinical examination and a laboratory model for the determination of gastrointestinal gas production (a new method in connection with studies on probiotics). the results will be compared with the test person's specification of their health, both with respect to gastrointestinal function and in general through questionnaires. the background for the project will be described in the following.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - female test persons with symptoms of meteorism, the age of \> 18 years, completely integrated in the danish society (including nutrition), and no previous abdominal surgery besides from appendicectomy (advertisement in a local newspaper for test persons). exclusion criteria: * lactose and sorbitol intolerant persons (based on hydrogen breath tests). * persons with chronic ingestion of medicine, that might have an effect on gut bacterial flora or bowel motility. * persons taking antibiotics within 2 month prior to the trial * persons with diagnosed gastrointestinal disease other than ibs. * persons not able to understand and/or read danish. * persons under age and persons with obvious problems remembering and sticking to the protocol (persons with dementia, psychological illness etc.)

Keywords: meteorism bloating irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) probiotics bowel gas
efficacy of remote ischemic preconditioning as non pharmacologic strategy to prevent contrast induced nephropathy (pair)

Conditions: Contrast-induced Nephropathy

Summary: this study evaluates remote ischemic preconditioning as an strategy to avoid contrast induced nephropathy. all of the patients will receive endovenous normal saline to prevent nephropathy, half of the patients will receive remote ischemic preconditioning while the other half will not.

this study evaluates remote ischemic preconditioning as an strategy to avoid contrast induced nephropathy, this preconditioning is administered through repeated insufflation of an arterial pressure cuff in one of the patient arms, which in theory liberates vasoactive mediators that prevents the ischemic damage to the kidneys secondary to contrast media. all of the patients will receive endovenous normal saline to prevent nephropathy, which is a common strategy in our institution. half of the patients will receive remote ischemic preconditioning while the other half will only receive a dummy preconditioning intended to keep the double blind strategy of the trial. the main endpoint will be to ascertain the incidence of contrast induced nephropathy in both arms of the study, as a way to evaluate the efficacy of this strategy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hospitalized in general wards, emergency room or ambulatory consult. * 18 years or older. * requires computerized tomography with endovenous contrast. * glomerular filtration rate between 30 - 60 ml/minute/1,73 m2. * patient accepts and signs informed consent. exclusion criteria: * allergic to contrast media. * unable to accept or sign informed consent. * did not received endovenous saline before and/or after the contrast procedure. * peripheral arterial disease. * bilateral upper extremities lymph node dissection or any situation impending arterial pressure taking. * morbid obesity (body mass index 40 or more). * arterial systolic pressure greater than 175 mmhg.

Keywords: contrast media nephropathy ischemic preconditioning
teleconsultation in counter-reference between tertiary and primary care for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia

Conditions: Prostatic Hyperplasia

Summary: to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of teleconsultation in qualifying counter-reference between tertiary and primary care for patients with stable benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph) symptoms.

the effectiveness of the use of teleconsultation will be evaluated by the initial international prostate symptom score (ipss) in patients randomized to the standard monitoring (tertiary hospital) and teleconsultation monitoring (primary care) and after twelve months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males, over forty years, with clinical diagnosis or imaging diagnosis of benign prostate hyperplasia (ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging) with stable low urinary tract symptoms and international prostate symptom score lower or equal to 25 points followed at tertiary care clinic. exclusion criteria: * low urinary tract symptoms and international prostate symptom score over to 25 points, inadequate clinical treatment response, surgical treatment indication, suspicion of prostate malignancy or urethra stricture or neurogenic bladder and illiterates.

Keywords: teleconsultation urology primary care tertiary care
clinical research evaluating smoking cessation with e-cigarettes and nicotine therapy

Conditions: Smoking Cessation; Obesity and Obesity-related Medical Conditions

Summary: this project will investigate the effects of alternative nicotine products on smoking, weight gain, and related outcomes.

the purpose of this study is to provide preliminary information on the effect of electronic cigarettes (ec) and nicotine replacement therapy (nrt) among swo. this study will randomize up to 60 individuals who smoke cigarettes with comorbid obesity (swo) to receive (1) electronic cigarettes (ec), (2) nicotine replacement therapy (nrt), or 3) a no-product control (con) condition for 8 weeks. assessments will occur at baseline, and 1, 2, and 3-months follow-up, aiming: 1) to compare ec, nrt, and con on smoking, exhaled carbon monoxide, and number of quit attempts; 2) to compare ec and nrt on acceptability and adherence; 3) to compare ec, nrt, and con effects on weight, central adiposity, glucose regulation, inflammation, cotinine, and blood pressure at follow-up.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * body mass index (bmi) ≥ 30 kg/m2 (i.e., obese) * smoked ≥ 5 cigarettes/day during the past year * 21 or older (due to minimum legal age ec restrictions) * exhaled breath carbon monoxide (co) level \> 6 ppm at baseline (bl) (to confirm self-reported smoking) * willing to use ec or nrt for 8 weeks * access to a bluetooth-enabled smartphone/tablet (to permit remote measurement of co and other outcome variables) exclusion criteria: * received smoking cessation treatment of any kind in the past 30 days (actively quitting smoking), * currently using ec or nrt more than 2 days/week (this may affect responses to study-supplied products) * hospitalized for mental illness in past 30 days * heart-related event (e.g., heart attack, severe angina) in past 30 days * residing with another person currently enrolled in the study * pregnant, nursing, or planning to become pregnant in the next 6 months * medical contraindication for study or product use (e.g., allergy to adhesives) * taken prescription weight loss medication in the last 30 days

Keywords: obesity electronic cigarettes harm reduction
this study investigates the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes involved in the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of doxorubicin (dox) in egyptian female patients with breast cancer. it also aims to explore the association of pretreatment neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio to pcr

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: this study aims to investigate the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) of genes involved in doxorubicin transport and metabolism on its pharmacokinetics and toxicity in egyptian breast cancer patients. it also aims to explore the association of pretreatment neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (nlr) with pathological complete response (pcr).

plasma concentrations of doxorubicin will be determined and venous blood samples will be obtained from each patient for snp genotyping of genes involved in doxorubicin transport and metabolism on its pharmacokinetics and toxicity in egyptian breast cancer patients \[prospective study\]. a complete blood count was carried out at baseline for patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (nlr) was calculated as the ratio between the absolute count of neutrophils and the absolute count of lymphocytes \[ retrospective study\].

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * females aged ≥ 18 years * performance status 0 or 1 * no contraindication to chemotherapy * adequate bone marrow * adequate hepatic function * adequate renal function exclusion criteria: * poorly controlled diabetes mellitus * ischemic heart disease * uncontrolled hypertension * active infections * baseline ejection fraction \&lt; 50% * performance status ≥ 2 * pregnancy lactation, bilateral breast cancer, male patients, primary surgery, distant metastases, other malignancies, inflammations, hematological disorders, autoimmune diseases, and patients taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids), steroidal and antibiotic therapy.

Keywords: doxorobicin pharmacokinetics slc22a16 cbr1 snps toxicity neoadjuvant chemotherapy pathological complete response neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio
study with palonosetron alone in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in untreated patients with aggressive non hodgkin's lymphomas who underwent moderately emetogenic chemotherapy

Conditions: Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting; Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Summary: this is an open-label, multicenter phase ii study in patients with aggressive non hodgkin lymphoma scheduled to receive moderately emetogenic polychemotherapy (according to modified hesketh classification for antiemetic therapy).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female, \>18 years of age; * histologically or cytologically confirmed aggressive nhl (any stage in accordance with the real classification); * patients candidates to a initial chemotherapy treatment; * ecog performance status of 0-1; * scheduled to receive a single intravenous dose of at least one of the moderately emetogenic agents (according to the modified hesketh classification) on day 1; * written informed consent; * female of childbearing potential must be using reliable contraceptive measures; * acceptable hepatic and renal functions; * willing and able to complete the patient diary. exclusion criteria: * highly emetogenic chemotherapy (containing cisplatin, mechlorethamine, streptozotocin, cyclophosphamide \>1500 mg/sqm; carmustine; dacarbazine; hexamethylmelamine; procarbazine), or single-agent chemotherapy with drugs having low/minimal emetogenic potential according to the hesketh classification); * diagnosis of hodgkin's disease or leukemia; * candidates to high-dose chemotherapy or bone marrow/peripheral blood stem cells transplantation; * chemotherapy schedules considering the administration of emetogenic drugs in more than two consecutive days; * have received any investigational drugs within 30 days before study entry; * have received any drug with potential anti-emetic efficacy (with the exception of specific corticosteroids foreseen in the chemotherapy combination) within 24 hours of treatment initiation); * prior treatment with palonosetron; * have a seizure disorder requiring anticonvulsant medication unless clinically stable and free of seizure activity; * experienced or ongoing vomiting or nausea from any organic etiology, in the screening phase; * clinical evidence of current or impending bowel obstruction, peritonitis, infection, uremia, severe mucositis; * clinically relevant electrolyte abnormalities; * have a known hypersensitivity to 5ht3 receptor antagonists; * radiotherapy within 30 days before chemotherapy administration, or scheduled to receive radiotherapy within two weeks after chemotherapy; * female patients who are pregnant or breast feeding; * inability to understand or cooperate with the study procedures.

Keywords: non-hodgkin's lymphoma quality of life chemotherapy toxicity aggressive non hodgkin's lymphomas treated with moderately emetogenic chemotherapy
preoperative psychosocial support for postoperative recovery and health: mechanistic substudy

Conditions: Pain, Acute; Pain, Joint; Pain

Summary: this was a single site, three-arm, parallel group randomized clinical trial that compared the effect of three preoperative psychosocial interventions on knee and hip replacement patients' preoperative pain intensity and postoperative pain intensity, pain unpleasantness, and opioid use.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * english-speaking males or females. * 18 years old or older * patients within the university of utah hospital system * patients attending joint academy to prepare for either hip or knee replacement surgery exclusion criteria: * altered mental status due to delirium, psychosis, or pharmacological sedation as determined by clinical assessment.
a study to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of ak102 in patients with hyperlipidemia

Conditions: Hyperlipidemia

Summary: this is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 clinical study evaluating the long-term efficacy and safety of ak102 in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed hyperlipidemia.

this is a phase 3 clinical study to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of ak102, a monoclonal antibody, against proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (pcsk9), in subjects with primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed hyperlipidemia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subject understand and voluntarily sign the written inform consent form (icf), which must be signed before performing the study procedures. 2. male or female patients aged between 18 and 80 years (including upper and lower limits). 3. the fasting serum ldl-c level of subjects did not meet the treatment goal after at least 4 weeks of stable lipid-lowering background treatment. 4. triglyceride ≤ 4.5 mmol/l (400 mg/dl). exclusion criteria: 1. homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (hofh). 2. received pcsk9 inhibitors within 6 months before randomization. 3. known sensitivity to pcsk9 inhibitors and any substances to be administered. 4. severe liver and renal dysfunction. 5. previously received organ transplantation. 6. uncontrolled hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. 7. uncontrolled hypertension. 8. known hyperlipidemia secondary to comorbidity, including nephrotic syndrome, cholestatic liver failure, etc. 9. history of malignancy of any organ system within the past 5 years. 10. pregnant or lactating women.